Automotive   |   Mercedes-Benz Group AG
Highlights  
Contents  
2
4
Members of the Supervisory Board  
and the Board of Management  
To the Stockholders and Friends  
of our Company  
Report of the  
Board of Management  
9
Business Review  
The Group's Divisions  
Mercedes-Benz Division  
Passenger Cars  
18  
28  
Commercial Vehicles  
36  
AEG Division  
Deutsche Aerospace Division  
Dornier  
41  
44  
MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union  
4
7
Research and Technology  
Employees  
50  
56  
Finance  
Financial Statements  
6
6
Consolidated Balance Sheet  
Consolidated Statement of Income  
Balance Sheet of Daimler-Benz AG  
67  
68  
69  
Statement of Income  
of Daimler-Benz AG  
70  
Consolidated Non-Current Assets  
71  
Non-Current Assets  
of Daimler-Benz AG  
72  
Notes to Consolidated Financial  
Statements and to Financial  
Statements of Daimler-Benz AG  
84  
Proposal for the Allocation  
of Unappropriated Profit  
86  
Report of the Supervisory  
Board  
89  
Tables and Graphs  
Supervisory Board  
Aufsichtsrat)  
(
HERMANN J. ABS  
WILLI BÖHM*)  
DR. JUR. JOHANNES SEMLER  
Kronberg/Taunus  
Frankfurt am Main  
Kandel  
Honorary Chairman, Deutsche Bank AG  
Member of the Labor Council, Worth Plant  
Member of the Board of Management,  
Mercedes-Automobil-Holding AG  
Honorary Chairman  
PROF. DR.-ING. E. h. WERNER BREITSCHWERDT  
Stuttgart  
FRANZ STEINKÜHLER*)  
DR. RER. POL. ALFRED HERRHAUSEN  
Frankfurt am Main  
Member of the Board of Management,  
Deutsche Bank AG  
Frankfurt am Main  
First Chairman, Metal-Workers' Union  
DR. RER. POL. HORST J. BURGARD  
Frankfurt am Main  
Member of the Board of Management,  
Deutsche Bank AG  
HERMANN-JOSEF STRENGER  
Leverkusen  
Chairman  
Chairman of the Board of Management,  
Bayer AG  
HERBERT LUCY*)  
HELMUT FUNK*)  
Mannheim  
Chairman of the Labor Council,  
Daimler-Benz AG  
Stuttgart  
Chairman of the Labor Council,  
Unterturkheim Plant and Main Office  
PROF. DR. JUR. GERHARD TREMER  
Gräfelfing near Munich  
Member of the Board of Management,  
Bayerische Landesbank Girozentrale  
Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board,  
Mercedes-Automobil-HoldingAG  
Deputy Chairman  
RICHARD HELKEN*)  
Achim-Bierden  
Chairman of the Labor Council,  
Bremen Plant  
DIPL.-ING.  
ERICH KLEMM*)  
MARIA-CHRISTINE FÜRSTIN VON URACH*)  
Calw  
Stuttgart  
Director  
Member of the Labor Council,  
Sindelfingen Plant  
BERNHARD WURL*)  
RUDOLF KUDA*)  
Mainz  
Frankfurt am Main  
Departmental Manager within the Board  
of Management, Metal-Workers' Union  
Departmental Manager within the Board  
of Management,- Metal-Workers' Union  
HUGO LOTZE*)  
Retired from the Supervisory Board  
on 1st July 1988  
Reinhardshagen  
Chairman of the Labor Council,  
Kassel Plant  
DR. RER. POL. KLAUS MERTIN  
Frankfurt am Main  
DIPL.-ING. HANS-GEORG POHL  
Hamburg  
Member of the Board of Management,  
Deutsche Bank AG  
Chairman of the Board of Management,  
Deutsche Shell AG  
ALFRED SCHAIBLE*)  
Renningen  
DR. RER. POL. WOLFGANG RÖLLER  
Frankfurt am Main  
Chairman of the Labor Council,  
Sindelfingen Plant  
Speaker for the Board of Management,  
Dresdner Bank AG  
DIPLOM-KAUFMANN GÜNTER VOGELSANG  
Düsseldorf  
DR. JUR. ROLAND SCHELLING  
Stuttgart  
Attorney at Law  
DR. JUR. WALTER SEIPP  
Frankfurt am Main  
Chairman of the Board of Management,  
Commerzbank AG  
*)Electedbytheemployees  
Board of Management  
Vorstand)  
(
EDZARD REUTER  
DR.-ING. DR.-ING. E. h. HANS DINGER  
Retired from the Board of Management  
Stuttgart  
Friedrichshafen  
MTU  
HANS-JÜRGEN HINRICHS  
Stuttgart  
Chairman  
HEINZ DÜRR  
Frankfurt am Main  
AEG  
Sales  
PROF. DR.-ING. E. h. DR. h. c. WERNER NIEFER  
(to 9th November 1988)  
Stuttgart  
Deputy Chairman  
Passenger Car Division  
DR. JUR. MANFRED GENTZ  
Stuttgart  
Employment  
DR.-ING. RUDOLF HÖRNIG  
Stuttgart  
Research and Technology  
DR. RER. POL. GERHARD LIENER  
Stuttgart  
Finance and Materials Management  
DR.-ING. E. h. JOHANN SCHÄFFLER  
Friedrichshafen  
Dornier  
HELMUT WERNER  
Stuttgart  
Commercial Vehicle Division  
JüRGEN HUBBERT (deputy member)  
Stuttgart  
Passenger Car Division  
JÜRGEN E. SCHREMPP (deputy member)  
Stuttgart  
Deutsche Aerospace  
To the Stockholders and Friends of our Company  
From the beginning, competition,  
technology and changes in human val•  
ate this homogeneity. We think that we  
will then have a considerable part of  
ues have determined business activity; the most difficult phase behind us.  
since then, phases of new productive  
energy and of consolidation have re•  
We have been introducing further  
measures, such as adapting manageri•  
presented the two poles between which al structures and reporting to the new  
we operate.  
requirements, since January 1st 1989,  
Over the last few years, much that is and here increasing progress is being  
basically new has come into being. A  
series of new basic technologies, es•  
pecially information technology, has  
made. A growing number of our em•  
ployees are coming to realize that the  
shape of the new Group will provide  
been finding increasing and varied use them with new prospects in their work.  
in industry. An equally important fac•  
We are convinced that it is in this - as  
tor is the rapidly spreading globaliza•  
it has always been - that the actual  
tion of competition, in which the devel• reason for the Group's success is to  
opment of the Single European Market be found.  
plays an important part.  
Yet we do not imagine that we have  
Countless German and foreign com• more talented people working for us  
panies are reacting to these challenges than other companies. We are optimis•  
by redirecting their traditional strate•  
gies. Daimler-Benz is no exception.  
tic that we will continue to be success•  
ful because we nurture our particular  
The change which we have initiated, tradition. The pride of being able to  
from a purely automotive company to  
a high-technology group with its main  
focus of activity on automobiles, pre•  
work in the Daimler-Benz Group is  
based not least on the cooperation of  
all and the willingness to work towards  
supposes the willingness to accept risks a common goal. This is why the Board  
and a certain amount of unpleasant•  
ness. In our opinion, however, it is not  
so much the expansion of the Group  
of Management considered it a respon•  
sible step to initiate a process which  
demands much of many people. This  
which of itself involves risk. The size of is balanced out by major opportunities  
the company as a whole is determined of strategic importance.  
automatically by the nature of its prod•  
ucts, which can no longer be develop•  
ed, manufactured and sold in smaller  
dimensions. At the same time, the  
Primarily, the expansion of the  
Group secures us maximum growth po•  
tential in the automotive sector. At the  
same time, though, it makes us less de•  
phase of restructuring in which we cur• pendent on our core source of busi•  
rently find ourselves necessitates parti• ness in case, at some time, the era of  
cular care.  
In a transitional phase of this kind,  
certain risks inevitably arise from the  
growth in automotive production -  
which has now been going on for four  
decades - should come to an end. As  
fact that the necessary homogeneity of things stand at present, however, the  
the individual company units, and thus automotive industry can definitely count  
also of the decision-making process  
throughout the Group, is negatively af• from the new technologies. The field  
fected. The organizational decisions  
of microelectronics, in particular, is be•  
which we are asking you, as stockhold• coming indispensable in motor vehicle  
ers, to make, will greatly help to cre-  
design and manufacturing. This is re-  
on the continued stimuli emanating  
To the stockholders and friends of our company  
suiting, in some cases, in completely  
new tasks, eg for systems technology,  
which in principle has for a long time  
reduction of duplicated capacities and  
the creation of larger, more effective  
units, so that growth potential, which  
been a routine component in the aero• is far above average, can be properly  
space sector. Microelectronics are gain•  
ing in importance because vehicles are  
being equipped with "eyes" and "ears"  
which link them with traffic systems.  
Since our expanded Group puts all  
such technological capabilities at our  
disposal, we will be able to maintain  
our role as a pacemaker and a pio•  
neer despite fiercer competition.  
exploited.  
It is therefore only logical if, in or•  
der to aid this structural streamlining,  
efforts are made to make a private in•  
dustrial company responsible both for  
the performance and the managerial  
control of Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm  
GmbH. Such a move is essential if the  
subsidies which were needed to allow  
The Group's expansion is no less im• the Airbus to be built are to be grad•  
portant for those sections not involved ually removed.  
with the automotive business. From the  
coordinated collaboration within the  
Group, these sections reap a large  
number of benefits.  
Without two decisions made in 1988,  
the negotiations on the setting up of  
our aerospace division would not have  
been possible. The company-interlinking  
contract with AEG and the agreements  
made between the proprietors concern•  
ing managerial control of Dornier  
We have succeeded in advancing the  
development of the Group successful•  
ly in this direction. Our goals have not  
changed since 1985, they have become  
GmbH by Daimler-Benz enable the  
more clearly defined. In addition to the Group member-companies to devise a  
two fields of automotive business and  
clear and, above all, uniform manage•  
the broad area of microelectronics and  
rial structure for those areas of busi•  
systems technology, with their many ap• ness activity which in each case be•  
plications for products and industrial  
manufacturing systems, we have decid•  
ed to build up a third major focus of  
activity. This is to be an aerospace di•  
vision which will be efficient not only  
on a national, but also on an interna•  
tional scale.  
long together.  
In future, Daimler-Benz AG is to be  
a holding company with overall mana•  
gerial responsibility for the three divi•  
sions of Mercedes-Benz, AEG and  
Deutsche Aerospace, coordinating, con•  
trolling and monitoring them in all stra•  
tegic matters of interest to the Group  
as a whole. This also involves develop•  
ing new fields of activity, for which the  
Research and Technology Sector in  
the holding company will supply the  
necessary preliminary work and impe•  
tus. Surveys to date have identified just  
under 100 projects for which it would  
be advantageous if the synergetic po•  
The action that needs to be taken  
to do this in any case coincides with  
the necessity of reacting to the inevi•  
table structural changes in the German  
and Western European aerospace in•  
dustry. Conventional-sized units have  
for a long time no longer been capa•  
ble of guaranteeing a competitive pro•  
duction output Western Europe as a  
whole, and especially our country, with tential of the whole Group were brought  
its efficient yet too-small and fragmen•  
ted aerospace industry, requires two  
things in equal measure. These are the  
to bear.  
The three corporate divisions are to  
be run as operatively independent com-  
panies, responsible for their own re•  
sults. This is why we are proposing to  
you, our stockholders, the foundation  
tal of nearly DM 17 billion now covers  
the company's pension and other long-  
term obligations. As internally bound  
of Mercedes-Benz AG, which will be re• provisions, these resources are also  
sponsible purely for the motor vehicle  
side of business. Our trademark, the  
Mercedes star, is to be reserved ex•  
clusively for the core of our product  
range, the Mercedes-Benz cars and  
commercial vehicles.  
available for financing purposes. A li•  
quidity cushion equating to two months'  
sales revenue, or over DM 14 billion,  
guarantees us independence and effec•  
tiveness of action.  
Those who recognize the significance  
Our subsidiaries, affiliates, joint ven• of these factors will understand how  
tures and other Group activities in the  
wrong it would be to think that an "hon•  
aerospace field, including defense tech• orable" automobile manufacturer was  
nology, are to be concentrated in  
Deutsche Aerospace AG. This will also  
operate as a holding company with  
overall managerial responsibility. The  
relevant sectors separated from AEG,  
together with Dornier, MTU and MBB  
once that affiliation is complete, will be  
developed within this framework to  
units capable, when taken together, of  
competing on a worldwide basis.  
engaged in wasting the proceeds from  
its traditional field of activity on alien  
fields of activity or on subsidizing oth•  
er companies. Instead, the task of  
Daimler-Benz AG as a holding compa•  
ny will consist of channelling the re•  
sources of the whole Group to ensure  
they are used to best effect.  
We will certainly not be smug or le•  
thargic when tackling this task. Even if  
there were nothing else, the tough com•  
petition in the world's automobile mar•  
kets - which of course require maxi•  
mum attention on our part - would  
itself be enough to prevent such an  
attitude. Mercedes-Benz vehicles ac•  
count for three-fourths of consolidated  
sales, and this will remain so for the  
It is a matter of principle that, for  
us, such extensive initiatives are only  
feasible if they rest on a foundation of  
solid financial management.  
What this means, primarily, is that  
all the companies in which we have an  
interest meet strict economic criteria.  
Either they are profitable, have above-  
average growth potential, master tech• foreseeable future.  
nologies which show promise for the  
Against this background, it can be  
future or boast a combination of these no surprise to hear how vehemently we  
factors. One particular aspect is that all  
fought against the unjust discrimination  
the Group member-companies have well against the diesel throughout 1988. We  
qualified and acknowledged personnel. have yet to achieve our aims in this bat•  
Equally essential is the earnings and tle, but we are optimistic that our new  
financial power of the parent compa•  
ny. Retained post-tax earnings for the  
engines, which lower particulate emis•  
sions by 40%, will go a long way to•  
Group amounting to DM 7.5 billion and wards making up for the decline in our  
stockholders' equity totaling DM 10.8  
billion represent a reliable collateral for  
output of diesel cars.  
At the same time, we are working  
our expanded entrepreneurial activities. with maximum effort to shorten our  
The strength of the equally impor•  
tant financing basis is revealed espe•  
product cycle times. The recent intro•  
duction of new models has in fact al•  
cially by two balance-sheet items. A to• ready begun to rectify many over-quick  
judgements made of late. In March we  
we have met with so far as the last  
presented the new roadster, which was word in this intense effort, which will  
enthusiastically acclaimed by the mo•  
tor press. This car emphasizes the high  
standards which Daimler-Benz has set  
itself for all its products.  
take several years altogether. The pro•  
gress made in this context with regard  
to productivity must be enlarged upon  
by means of flexible utilization of man•  
ufacturing facilities.  
In the commercial vehicle sector,  
too, we have embarked on an equally  
powerful offensive. The new heavy-duty  
The sum of all these activities, which I  
can only give in outline here, allows the  
trucks launched in 1988 met all our ex• owners of Daimler-Benz to draw the  
pectations and contributed to the im•  
provement in our commercial vehicle  
business. Despite this, we have had to  
observe how the already fierce com•  
petition in this sector has been driven,  
conclusion, quite rightly, that a posi•  
tive result has been achieved.  
In the next five years we will be in•  
vesting about DM 30 billion in fixed as•  
sets and nearly the same again in re•  
by a structurally caused over-supply si• search and development. At the same  
tuation, to extremes which still make it time, we are convinced that our pres•  
impossible to achieve satisfactory  
conditions.  
ent dividend situation will continue -  
we are expecting the result for 1989  
to match the previous year's level.  
Partly for this reason, but also with  
a view to the keener competition which When the time is right we intend to in•  
the Single European Market will bring  
vite you, our stockholders, to support  
about, we have consistently carried on a capital increase and participate in the  
the work of improving our cost struc•  
ture. We do not regard the successes  
company's growth with the resultant  
broader basis of stockholders' equity.  
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Report of the Board of Management  
Business Review  
In the industrialized countries of the  
West, economic trends in 1988 were  
more favorable than expected. World  
trade increased even more than in the  
previous year. By contrast with initial  
fears, the turbulence in the international  
finance and foreign exchange markets  
Worldwide, our automotive business  
increased by 7.8% to DM 54.9 billion.  
Sales of Daimler-Benz AG amounted  
to DM 41.7 billion, slightly above the  
As in the previous year, the growth came previous year's level; this applied both in  
for the most part from the commercial  
vehicle side, where sales - counting all  
markets - went up by 19% to DM 23.1  
billion. In the passenger car division,  
Germany (DM 19.9 billion) and in the  
export markets (DM 21.8 billion). The  
neighboring countries of the European  
Community gained in significance here;  
the volume of sales to these countries  
rose by 12.5% to DM 8.8 billion.  
only affected the trend toward growth to sales reached the same high volume as  
a minor extent. In most countries, the  
forces for expansion took full effect.  
This gave the upturn a broader basis.  
the previous year, at DM 31.8 billion  
(1987: DM 31.5 billion).  
After deducting sales of goods and ser• 560,000 Passenger Cars Made  
In the Federal Republic of Germany the vices between Group member-companies,  
In international terms, 1988 was again  
a good year for passenger cars. Sales in  
a number of major markets rose once  
more, one exception, however, being the  
Federal Republic of Germany. As a result  
of the public debate concerning the envi•  
ronmental acceptability of particulate  
emissions, the demand for diesel cars  
declined considerably.  
economy was once again stimulated by  
private consumers, but also by a higher  
demand for capital goods both from  
AEG contributed DM 13.2 billion (DM 11.5  
billion in 1987) and MTU DM 3.1 billion  
(DM 2.8 billion in 1987) to consolidated  
Germany and abroad. The gross national sales. Sales of Dornier, which suffered a  
product achieved the highest growth in  
ten years, at 3.4%. The surplus in the  
balance of trade rose to a new high, al•  
though imports of goods and services -  
partly as a result of continued revaluation  
of the D-mark - rose more, in real terms,  
than exports.  
sharp decline in 1987, rose again signif•  
icantly in 1988, by 19% to DM 1.9 billion.  
With their traditionally large share of  
diesels, Mercedes-Benz cars were partic•  
ularly hard hit by this development, al•  
though the drop in sales was less than  
for the industry as a whole. Altogether,  
new registrations in Germany of  
Daimler-Benz: Group Sales Rise  
to Over DM 73 billion  
In the 1988 business year, Daimler-  
Benz was again able to increase sales  
and employment. Consolidated sales went  
up by 8.9% to DM 73.5 billion; about  
two-thirds of the DM 6 billion increase  
was accounted for by the automotive sec•  
tor. As in the previous year, approximate•  
ly 60 % of Group sales were made in the  
European Community. Within Germany,  
sales rose by 3.7% to DM 29.1 billion  
and by 13% to DM 44.4 billion abroad.  
Mercedes-Benz cars went down by 3.9%  
to 270,843, the fall being greatest for  
the 190 series. Despite this, our market  
share improved slightly to 10.2% (10.1%  
in 1987). In the countries of the Europe•  
an Community other than the Federal Re•  
public of Germany, we sold 128,600 cars,  
10% more than in 1987. Our sales  
achieved two-figure growth rates in Italy,  
Spain and the United Kingdom.  
In the U.S.A., our 6.9% fall in sales to  
83,700 cars was considerably lower than  
for most other European import makes.  
This decline was partially offset by a fur•  
ther vigorous rise in sales in Japan; here,  
new registrations of Mercedes-Benz cars  
climbed another 21% (1987: + 36%)  
to 22,600.  
Note: The business review is combined for  
Daimler Benz AG and the Group as a whole.  
In 1988 we cut down production out•  
put, which had been expanded by one-  
Commercial Vehicle Output up 10%  
below the very high level of the previous  
Unit sales in the international commer• year, with an output of 26,832 trucks of  
fourth between 1984 and 1987, by 6.4% cial vehicle markets continued to be good over 16 tonnes GVW. Mercedes-Benz do  
to 559,713 Mercedes-Benz cars. While the in 1988. Our company was able to take Brasil once again succeeded in increas•  
advantage of the lively demand and con• ing output, by 5.3% to 45,791 trucks and  
total output of gasoline-engined models  
rose slightly, this was due entirely to the  
unjustified discrimination against diesels  
mentioned above; for these, output was  
lowered by 21%. The diesel share of to•  
tal car output thus fell further to 28.2%  
solidate its position as the world's larg•  
est manufacturer of trucks over 6 ton•  
nes GVW. In the European Community,  
buses. For Mercedes-Benz Argentina, on  
the other hand, developments continued  
to be affected by the difficult economic  
Mercedes-Benz commercial vehicles in all situation.  
weight categories exhibited considerable  
improvement. In the Federal Republic of  
Germany, new registrations of our com•  
mercial vehicles rose by a total of 10%  
to 66,157. Due to the great market suc•  
cess of our new MB 100 D van, which is  
Throughout the Group as a whole,  
(1987: 33.5%). As recently as 1980,  
257,951 commercial vehicles were man•  
ufactured in 1988,10% more than  
in 1987.  
every second Mercedes-Benz car was still  
a diesel.  
Positive Development of our  
manufactured by our Spanish subsidiary, Subsidiaries AEG, Dornier and MTU  
we increased our sales in the 2 - 6 ton•  
ne GVW van segment by 23% to 31,854  
units, thereby improving our market  
share. In the truck class of over 6 ton•  
nes GVW, we sold 29,919 units, thereby  
matching the previous year's high level  
In 1988 AEG benefitted from positive  
developments affecting its foreign busi•  
ness which occurred in the course of the  
year. High growth rates were achieved  
especially in Spain, Turkey and Italy. En•  
couraging progress was made by the  
Transport Systems, Standard Products  
and Components, and Household Appli•  
(1987: 29,653). Of the countries in the  
European Community, the United King•  
dom and France were particularly impor• ances divisions. Incoming orders totaled  
tant customers, especially for our trucks  
of over 16 tonnes GVW. After a market  
decline lasting several years, demand  
from a number of Middle East countries  
again began to revive.  
DM 13.4 billion, 11% above the figure for  
the previous year. Through the acquisi•  
tion of new companies and the consoli•  
dation of companies in which it already  
had an interest, AEG incorporated new  
activities into the company: TELEFUNKEN  
electronic GmbH (TEG), of Heilbronn, in  
the field of microelectronics, and the In•  
dustrial Automation Systems Group  
Capacity was utilized to the full in our  
German plants, and output rose by 6.7%  
to 154,319 commercial vehicles, of which  
95,336 were exported (+ 14%). The  
(MODICON), U.S.A., in the field of auto•  
number of vehicle kits for production  
abroad went up by 6.4% to 10,734 units.  
In the year under review, our foreign  
commercial vehicle companies manufac•  
tured a record number of units, at  
mation technology. In the area of track-  
bound transport systems, a joint venture  
has been agreed between AEG and We-  
stinghouse, U.S.A. This is to be based in  
Berlin.  
103,632 vans, trucks and buses (+ 16%).  
Due to the high demand for the MB 100 D,  
Mercedes-Benz Espana more than dou•  
bled its output of vans (23,140). A simi•  
With the approval of their annual gene•  
ral meetings, AEG and Daimler-Benz con•  
cluded a company-interlinking contract in  
larly high growth rate for commercial ve• which AEG subordinates its company  
hicles was achieved by Mercedes-Benz of  
South Africa (+ 92%), following a pow•  
management to Daimler-Benz. Within the  
framework of the compensation payment  
erful revival of the domestic market there. offered, and of the voluntary purchase  
In North America, despite switching over  
production to a new generation of vehi•  
cles, Freightliner's output was only just  
offer made to AEG stockholders, Daimler-  
Benz raised its stake in AEG to 80.2%.  
In accordance with the agreement, those  
AEG stockholders who did not avail  
themselves of the offer will, for the 1988  
business year for the first time, receive,  
339,000 Employees in the Group  
At year-end, the companies of the  
Daimler-Benz Group had 338,749 peo•  
Further Increase in  
Group Purchasing Volume  
In the year under review, the compa•  
nies of the Daimler-Benz Group world•  
wide purchased goods and services to  
for each share with a par value of DM 50, ple in their employ (326,288 in 1987), a  
0% of the amount paid for the same  
good fifth of these abroad. The increase  
2
year for a Daimler-Benz share of the  
same par value (guaranteed dividend).  
The Dornier Group can look back on  
an encouraging 1988 business year. A  
major contribution to this was made by  
the field of space technology, in which  
is primarily due to acquiring and absorb• the total value of DM 43 billion (1987:  
ing new subsidiaries and affiliates.  
The workforce of Daimler-Benz AG  
totaled 170,577, only a little higher than  
in 1987. The number of trainees and  
apprentices again increased; at the end  
DM 40 billion); just under one-third of this  
was accounted for by spending abroad.  
The purchasing volume of Daimler-Benz  
AG amounted to DM 25.4 billion  
(DM 23.8 billion in 1987).  
invoices for a number of important large- of 1988, a total of 9,805 young people  
scale projects were settled. New kidney  
and biliary lithotripters stimulated busi•  
ness in the medical technology sector.  
Demand for the Do 228 aircraft declined  
as expected. Altogether, incoming orders  
fell slightly to DM 2.5 billion. Further  
growth in the volume of business is  
expected again in the next few years.  
In final negotiations with the inheritors  
of Claudius Dornier's estate and with Sil-  
vius Dornier, the company-law questions  
relating to ownership within the Dornier  
Group were clarified and sole industrial  
management passed to Daimler-Benz AG.  
By the new arrangement, Daimler-Benz  
holds 57.6% of the common share  
capital of Dornier GmbH.  
were in training.  
At year-end AEG had 89,585 (1987:  
80,499), Dornier 9,786 (1987: 9,683)  
and MTU 17,267 (1987:17,284)  
employees.  
In 1988, the MTU Group was able to  
continue the constant growth of the  
preceding years. Employment was at a  
high level, rising particularly in the aero•  
engines sector. In order to strengthen its  
competitive position and gain entry to  
new markets in the heavy-duty diesel en•  
gine sector, MTU acquired a 25.5% hold•  
ing in the French diesel engine manufac•  
turer S.E.M.T. Pielstick. The order back•  
log at year-end amounted to DM 6.1  
billion (+ 34%), guaranteeing employ•  
ment until well into 1990.  
In the Federal Republic of Germany,  
about 90% of our suppliers consist of  
small and medium-sized companies.  
These will continue to be indispensable  
improvements to the product range, and  
for the introduction of new technologies.  
Investments in fixed assets by our sub•  
Higher Investment in  
Research and Development  
Our expenditure on research and de•  
sidiaries engaged in the automotive busi• velopment is accorded a very high prior•  
partners for us in the future. The high ef• ness came to a total of DM 0.6 billion  
ficiency demanded of the automotive sup• (DM 0.4 billion in 1987). Investments in  
pliers has become even more imperative fixed assets by AEG, Dornier and MTU  
as the result of keener competition in the totaled DM 1.9 billion (DM 1.0 billion in  
international vehicle markets, and the  
1987). Investments in financial assets  
emergence of new companies on the pro• throughout the Group amounted to DM  
ity in our financial investment for the  
future. In 1988, this expenditure rose to  
DM 4.8 billion (DM 4.1 billion in 1987) for  
the Group as a whole. Worldwide, 24,000  
people are employed in these areas  
(1987: 22,000). Within the Group, we  
continued and intensified the exchange  
curement side. Above all, the variety of  
our vehicle range, the rapid introduction  
of new products and the growing use of  
4 billion. A further DM 1.5 billion was  
bound up by intangible assets for goodwill. of ideas and transfer of technology. Both  
Although the cash flow within the  
in areas of activity that had already been  
defined and in new or further-extended  
new technologies in vehicle design make Group dropped from DM 6.6 billion to  
it necessary to intensify cooperation with  
DM 6.1 billion, this was enough, as in the areas, we were able to derive benefit  
suppliers in research and development.  
previous year, to fully finance the consid• from synergetic effects. For the close  
Here, we expect such companies to initi• erably increased investments in fixed and technological cooperation for which we  
ate innovative activities of their own,  
and acquire the ability to master complex will of DM 1.5 billion are not included in  
systems and turn these rapidly into appli• that figure.  
cations which are suitable for large-scale  
production. Changes in exchange rates  
and the lower cost levels experienced in  
foreign procurement markets leave  
German suppliers with little room for  
maneuver when it comes to prices. By  
cooperating right from the development  
financial assets. The additions for good•  
are aiming within the Group, we develop•  
ed new research strategies and agreed  
on specific projects between Mercedes-  
Benz, AEG, Dornier and MTU. Examples  
of these include the research programs  
into electro-traction, information technol•  
ogy and the application of electronics in  
vehicles and traffic systems (TRAFFONIC).  
In the Research, Development and  
The investment in vehicle leasing of  
DM 2.5 billion (1987: DM 1.4 billion) is  
financed from the depreciation and  
retirement of fixed assets offset against  
this, and by phased borrowing. In the year  
under review, we issued Euro-bonds to  
a total value of $ U.S. 250 million to  
Testing sectors of Daimler-Benz AG, a  
total of DM 2.6 billion (DM 2.2 billion in  
stage, however, they can secure sufficient finance our North American leasing  
quantity, and sufficient share, of goods  
to be supplied for the long term. The  
automobile manufacturers and the supply  
industry are fully aware of the fact that  
they can only maintain their place at the  
forefront of progress by means of joint  
effort. At this point we would like to thank  
all our supply, transport and service  
companies for their close cooperation.  
business.  
1987) was invested in the further devel-  
Investments Considerably Increased  
To secure the future existence and  
further growth of the companies in the  
Daimler-Benz Group, considerable sums  
were again invested in the year under  
review. Additions to fixed assets in the  
Group amounted to DM 5.1 billion (DM  
3.8 billion in 1987). Daimler-Benz AG  
alone invested DM 2.7 billion in fixed as•  
sets, 14% more than in the previous year.  
The main focus again lay in the passen•  
ger car division, for additions and further  
opment and improvement of the vehicle  
ranges. In this area there are 12,700  
employees (1987:12,100).  
The Passenger Car and Commercial  
Vehicle divisions presented new models  
and model versions, and introduced a  
large number of product features into  
current series production.  
250 D Turbo, with its powerful engine,  
adds to the broad range of diesels. The  
anti-lock brake system (ABS) is now  
standard equipment in all the mid-series  
throughout, and short downtimes for  
maintenance and repairs. With the new  
heavy-duty truck series we have taken a  
major step towards strengthening and  
cars, as well as in the S-class sedans and improving our position in the European  
coupes; for the 190 series, the price of  
this optional feature was reduced. Our  
aim here is to enhance the utility value  
of our cars, and above all their active  
commercial vehicle market for a long  
time to come.  
In 1988 AEG spent DM 1,090 million  
(1987: DM 929 million) on research and  
development. Points of emphasis includ•  
ed consolidating and expanding the divi•  
sions of Automation Technology, Trans•  
port Systems, Office and Communication  
Technology and the new Microelectron•  
Four, six and eight-cylinder engines  
with four-valve technology were develop• safety, in the interest of our customers.  
ed for our passenger cars. We refined the With the new 560 SE, we now offer  
exterior of our compact series, which was another top model in the category of  
introduced in 1983, redesigned the inte•  
rior and further improved its passive safe• Modifications to the design of diesel car  
particularly high-quality passenger cars.  
ty. The new 200 E and 200 TE versions  
enlarge our range of cars with fuel-  
injection engines in the mid-series. The  
engines enabled us to reduce particulate ics division at TEG in Heilbronn. At Dor-  
emissions even further. An optimized  
combustion system decreases the emis•  
sion of particulates by another 40%, as  
well as improving power output and fuel  
consumption. As of February 1989, all  
new Mercedes-Benz diesel cars have  
incorporated this new environmentally  
acceptable engine technology.  
nier expenditure on research and devel•  
opment, including work commissioned by  
third parties, amounted to DM 653 mil•  
lion (DM 528 million in 1987), due espe•  
cially to strong expansion in the space  
technology sector. Of this figure, DM 130  
million was accounted for by own-account  
projects (DM 125 million in 1987).  
Financing of capital spending and  
financial investments  
(in millions of D-marks)  
8,000  
At the Geneva Motor Show in March  
MTU's expenditure on research and  
1
989 the newly developed Mercedes-Benz development in the year under review  
sports car was presented to a wide cross- totaled DM 445 million (1987: DM 435  
section of the public. The response was  
exceptionally good.  
million), about half of this being for  
own-account and half for commissioned  
development work.  
The Commercial Vehicle Division suc•  
cessfully launched the new heavy-duty  
trucks; again, the customers' response  
was gratifying. The range available com•  
prises dropsiders, tractor units, tippers  
and all-wheel-drive dumpers with two,  
Altogether, Satisfactory  
Group Earnings  
Despite some areas in which earnings  
were considerably down, Daimler-Benz  
three or four axles, in the weight catego• achieved a generally satisfactory result.  
ry of 17 tonnes and above. All versions  
can be fitted with the further-developed  
six and eight-cylinder turbocharged en•  
The mean rate of exchange for the dol•  
lar was again lower than in the previous  
year, and therefore continued to affect  
gines (243 and 353 kW or 330 and 480 the competitiveness of our products in a  
hp, respectively), two V-8 naturally aspi•  
number of markets for price reasons.  
rated engines with 191 and 213 kW (260  
Particularly hard hit was our passenger  
and 290 hp), and with range-change gear• car business in the U.S.A., where market  
boxes developed by Daimler-Benz. Due  
trends only permitted price adjustments  
to a broad basic range with a rich choice to a limited extent. The significant drop  
in demand for diesel cars in Germany al•  
so had a negative effect. This contrasted  
with an encouraging reversal in the earn•  
ings trend in the commercial vehicle  
division. This is due in part to higher de•  
mand for trucks in Western Europe, but  
of cabs, wheelbases and different power  
train variants, customers are able to pick  
the truck that is best-suited to the par•  
ticular application planned. The vehicles  
are distinguished by low fuel consump•  
tion, light weight despite high robustness  
also to successful cost-reducing measures of the balance sheet shows a greater pro• Daimler-Benz AG is in future to operate  
introduced in our domestic plants. The  
contribution of our foreign commercial  
vehicle companies has as a whole risen  
further. The earnings of Mercedes-Benz  
Espana - positive for the first time in  
many years - and the much better re•  
portion of non-current assets. The cur•  
rent assets, which are of approximately  
the same value as in 1987, now only  
make up 67% (74% in 1987) of total  
assets. Since the structure on the  
as a holding company with overall mana•  
gerial control. The planned companies of  
Mercedes-Benz AG and Deutsche Aero•  
space AG, together with the already  
existant AEG AG, are to be subordinate  
liabilities side remained virtually unchang• to Daimler-Benz AG as legally independent  
sults achieved by Mercedes-Benz of South ed, the rise in non-current assets resul•  
companies.  
Africa and Mercedes-Benz do Brasil are  
especially worthy of mention here.  
While Dornier registered a net loss for to 79%. This does not include the larg•  
the year, MTU again succeeded in achiev• er inventory of vehicles belonging to the  
ing better earnings than in the previous  
year. After deduction of the guaranteed  
dividend to be paid to minority stock•  
holders for the first time this year, AEG  
earnings are once again to be used to  
strengthen the company from within.  
ted in a fall in the coverage of these as•  
sets by stockholders' equity from 98%  
Mercedes-Benz AG will consist of the  
Passenger Car and Commercial Vehicle  
divisions hived off the old Daimler- Benz  
AG. Under the terms of a control and  
profit transfer agreement between the  
two companies, Mercedes-Benz will sub•  
ordinate its management to Daimler-Benz  
AG. AEG AG, which is already subject to  
the overall managerial control of Daimler-  
Benz, is in future to encompass the divi•  
sions of Automation Technology, Trans•  
port Systems, Microelectronics, Electro-  
technical Systems and Components,  
Electrical Consumer Goods, and Office  
vigorously expanding leasing business,  
which is mainly financed by borrowing.  
Including medium and long-term provi•  
sions, especially pension provisions (as•  
sessed uniformly at a calculated interest  
rate of 3.5%), the proportion of long and  
In the non-operating area, the Group's medium-term capital to the balance sheet  
interest income rose to DM 1,017 million  
DM 777 in 1987), DM 722 million of this  
total amounted to 68% (1987: 70%).  
(
being accounted for by Daimler-Benz  
Allocation of Earnings  
alone (DM 669 million in 1987). For sub•  
The net income of Daimler-Benz AG re• and Communication Technology. Our  
sidiaries in high-inflation countries, a mon• mained virtually unchanged as compared subsidiaries, affiliates, joint ventures and  
etary adjustment was made on the con•  
solidated balance sheet, as in previous  
years, which to some extent eliminates  
with 1987, at DM 1,382 million. In  
accordance with § 58 of the German  
Company Act, half of this sum, DM 691  
other Group activities in the aerospace  
field, including AEG's defense technology,  
are to be concentrated in Deutsche Aero•  
space AG. Here, too, we propose mak•  
ing the company subject to the overall  
managerial control of Daimler-Benz AG  
by means of a control and profit trans•  
fer agreement. In preparation for this,  
Dornier has adopted a modified struc•  
ture with effect from January 1st, 1989.  
Dornier GmbH of Friedrichshafen, as the  
parent company, has now the direct  
control of Dornier Luftfahrt GmbH and  
apparent profits. Consolidated net income million, was allocated to reserves from  
amounted to DM 1,702 million (1987: DM  
income.  
,782 million).  
To the Annual General Meeting of  
1
Stockholders on June 28,1989, we pro•  
pose the paying out of a dividend of DM  
12 per ordinary DM-50-share. The divi•  
dend amount therefore totals DM 502  
million. To further strengthen stock•  
Continued Favorable Structure of  
the Consolidated Balance Sheet  
The growth in the volume of business  
to DM 73.5 billion resulted in a further  
rise in the balance sheet total to DM 51.9 holders' equity and secure the basic sub•  
billion (DM 46.5 billion in 1987). Due to  
the showing of DM 1.5 billion in goodwill  
stance of the company, we propose that  
the Annual Stockholders' Meeting pass a Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH as subsid•  
as an asset on the balance sheet, mainly resolution allocating an additional sum  
due to changes in our holding in AEG and of DM 189 million from the unallocated  
iaries based in Munich. Messerschmitt-  
Bölkow-Blohm GmbH (MBB), once the  
planned holding is complete, is also to  
be included in Deutsche Aerospace AG.  
changes in the newly acquired compa•  
nies within AEG - in turn resulting in an  
increase in fixed assets - the assets side  
income to retained earnings.  
New Group Structure  
We will also be proposing to the Stock•  
holders' Meeting to agree to the forming  
of Mercedes-Benz AG, as the next stage  
in our restructuring of the Group. Our aim  
in doing this is to reinforce, and secure  
in the long term, the competitiveness of  
the expanded Daimler-Benz Group.  
Outlook  
The economic prospects, worldwide,  
put and sales of Mercedes-Benz commer•  
cial vehicles to be slightly increased  
For the next five years, higher invest•  
ments in fixed assets are planned in all  
remain favorable for 1989, although less once again. As things stand at present, a areas of the Group. The expenditure of  
growth and higher inflation rates must be decline in the domestic market could be  
expected. In the big international passen• balanced out by higher exports. Abroad,  
ger car markets of the U.S.A., Japan and our largest commercial vehicle compa•  
approximately DM 30 billion represents  
by far the biggest investment program  
ever planned by our company for such a  
Western Europe, a cyclical decline is be•  
ginning to take shape, and this is being  
reinforced by particular market conditions country's generally difficult economic  
applying in specific countries. Despite this situation. Our productivity-raising, cost-  
ny, Mercedes-Benz do Brasil, must count period of time. About 75% of the total  
on a fall in output and sales due to the  
is earmarked for the automotive sector.  
At the same time, we will be spending a  
sum of the same order of magnitude on  
we are confident that we will be able to  
keep the sales of Mercedes-Benz cars  
abroad at the same high level as in the  
previous years, or even slightly raise  
them. How successful we will be in doing world market leader for trucks over 6 ton•  
this in the domestic market depends very  
much on trends in the demand for die-  
reducing measures, together with the high research and development, to meet the  
degree of innovation displayed by our  
products, make us optimistic about our  
ability to further improve our position as  
growing demands of the market. We  
expect additional stimulus for all areas  
of the Group to come from the abolition  
of still-existing barriers within Europe  
as from 1993.  
As things stand, for the current  
business year we can expect a result of  
the same general level as in 1988.  
nes GVW. Due to the development of  
our international integrated production  
sel cars. With our new engines, however, set-up, we can make increased use of the  
we expect to convince our customers  
of the advantages of our particularly  
economical, environmentally acceptable  
advantages of specific countries as loca•  
tions for manufacturing, and open up  
additional sales potential by being closer  
diesel engines. At the same time, though, to the market.  
this would require the politicians to ac•  
AEG is expecting further growth in  
knowledge the virtues of diesel cars with• sales and incoming orders, with the new  
out reservation. We are certain that the  
market's positive response to our new  
sports car will have an increasingly posi•  
acquisitions in automation technology,  
transport systems and microelectronics  
having a more and more important  
tive spin-off effect on the entire car range. effect.  
The international commercial vehicle  
markets will continue at a high level,  
although a certain decline must be expec•  
In the current business year, the Dor-  
nier Group is expecting another improve•  
ment in sales and overall performance,  
ted in the course of the year, particularly especially in the aerospace sector. De•  
in Western Europe. By contrast with mar• spite the difficult market situation, sales  
ket trends as a whole, we expect the out• of the DORN IE R 228 aircraft are expected  
to match the previous year's level.  
Following the powerful growth in the  
volume of business in 1988, the Medical  
Systems Division is expecting a phase of  
consolidation. On the medical equipment  
side, the share of biliary lithotripters  
will rise further.  
At MTU, the international joint ventures  
that have been entered into, backed by  
the technologically advanced and high-  
quality range of products, will provide a  
solid foundation on which to increase  
sales and employment again. The devel•  
opment of the dollar exchange rate,  
however, remains a major factor of  
uncertainty.  
Hier gab es ein Produkt- oder Stimmungsbild ohne Text oder Zahlen.  
Es wurde in der PDF-Datei weggelassen, um eine nutzerfreundliche Dateigröße zu erreichen.  
Here was a product or mood picture without text or figures.  
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The Group's Divisions  
Mercedes-Benz Division  
Passenger Cars  
Internationally Strong Car Market  
Internationally, the demand for passen•  
ger cars did not lose momentum in  
the manufacturers decreased their high  
level of stocks. Imported makes were  
not able to participate in the favorable  
The low exchange rate of the U.S. dollar  
further impaired the price competitive•  
ness of the West German suppliers; sales  
1988. For the sixth year in succession,  
market development. Their sales dropped of their for the main part high-value cars  
output reached a new record mark.  
Worldwide, 34.8 million cars were  
produced (33.5 million in 1987).  
In the U.S.A. sales again increased to  
by 3.0% to 3.1 million units; the market  
share fell to 29.1% (31.1% in 1987).  
Whereas European importers had to  
decreased by 18% to 285,000 units.  
The American manufacturers, favored by  
the exchange rate, made great efforts to  
accept a clear drop in sales, the aspiring penetrate markets outside the U.S.A. Up  
1
0.6 million cars after the strong drop in South Korean automobile industry was  
to date notable sales or market shares  
have not been achieved in Europe or  
Japan.  
the previous year (10.3 in 1987). In addi• able to sell considerably more of its vehi•  
tion to the unexpectedly buoyant demand  
for consumer goods, the considerable  
price concessions were a decisive factor, cut exports to the U.S.A. by 3.7% to  
given in particular by American manufac• 2.1 million cars. Due to a monetary parity  
turers to their customers. Sales of cars  
manufactured in the U.S.A. increased by  
cles in the lower price range (+21% to  
419,000 units). Japanese manufacturers  
On the Japanese market new registra•  
tions increased again radically by 13%  
to 3.7 million cars as a result of a lively  
internal economic situation. These includ•  
ed imported vehicles showing an increase  
of 37% to 133,600 units; approximately  
unfavorable to Japan, they increasingly  
supplied the U.S. market via production  
plants in the country itself. The overall  
sales of Japanese makes in the U.S.A.  
6
.5% to 7.5 million. Production output  
only reached the level of the previous  
year with in total 7.1 million cars because increased by 1.0% to 2.7 million cars.  
9
2,000 of the cars were made in Ger•  
many. The market share of non-Japanese  
products continues to be, however, at  
3
.2% (6.6% in 1987) extremely low  
when compared internationally. The trend  
towards cars above 2 liters displacement  
remains in Japan; sales in this category  
rose by almost 50% to 166,000 units.  
The domestic car manufacturers are now  
making every effort to extend their posi•  
tion in this prestigious market sector  
which is looking towards growth in the  
future. The decline in Japanese car  
exports to the U.S.A. is compensated by  
an increase of 3.3% (6.8% in 1987) of  
supplies to Europe. Exports thus almost  
reached the level of the previous year  
(4.5 million cars) and are again only just  
below the previous highest export volume  
of 1986. Production increased by 3.9%  
to a new record level of 8.2 million  
vehicles.  
In Western Europe, new registrations  
increased in 1988 by 4.7% to 13 million  
cars. High growth rates in the volume  
markets in France, Italy and the United  
Once more in 1988,  
within their category,  
more Mercedes-Benz  
S-class cars were  
produced than any  
other make. This car  
was classified as the  
"safest car in the  
world" by an insurance  
analysis in the U.S.A.  
Kingdom were contrasted by a drop in  
new registrations in the Federal Republic  
of Germany. Sales in Spain have almost  
doubled in the last four years; in 1988  
the 1 million mark was exceeded for the  
Car Sales in the Federal Republic of  
Germany Continue at a High Level  
1988 was clearly more successful for  
the German car industry than could have  
been expected at the beginning of the  
many. By the end of 1988, 95% of all  
new registrations (92% in 1987) were  
classified as "pollutant-reduced". Demand  
continued to move from diesel to gaso•  
line engines with catalytic converters. The  
three-way catalytic converter was installed  
first time in new car registrations. The fa• year. On the home market new registra•  
vorable economic situation in most West tions remained at 2.8 million vehicles, just in 44% of all newly registrated vehicles  
European countries for passenger cars  
allowed an increase in production again  
by 4.2% to a level of 13.2 million cars  
which had previously not been reached.  
3.7% below the previous best car year  
of 1987. The higher real income and low the top market sector almost exclusively  
level of interest rates prevented a more  
cars with three-way catalytic converters  
pronounced drop. The domestic car pro• were supplied.  
with gasoline engines (33% in 1987). In  
Western Europe's share in world produc• ducers showed a good performance in  
New registrations of diesel cars went  
down by 33% to 382,500, and their  
tion remained unchanged at 38%; net  
export, i.e. production output less new  
registrations, was at .6 million cars in  
comparison with importers; the market  
share of products from abroad, at 29.1%, market share from 19.5% to 13.6%. The  
was just below the value of the previous  
year. Japanese cars achieved a share  
of 15.2% (15.1% in 1987).  
drop in sales of diesel cars was above  
all due to the emotional discussion on  
particulate emissions. Although the die•  
sel engine is still recognized as being low  
in pollutants, the tax exemption for die-  
1988, as in the previous year.  
The trend towards more environmen•  
tally acceptable cars continued in Ger•  
The S-class coupe  
is counted among  
the best-looking cars  
in the world.  
Envied for their  
Even with the top  
appearance and  
exclusivity: the 230 CE  
and 300 CE coupes.  
down, the new roadster  
meets the highest  
demands in terms of  
safety and comfort.  
sel cars below 2 liters displacement, orig•  
inally scheduled 1991 was stopped already to other member countries of the EC.  
80% went to Western Europe, and 64% One factor contributing to this was the fact  
that sales of Mercedes-Benz diesel cars  
at the end of 1988. In addition, the increase  
in vehicle tax and the ban on driving in  
the case of a smog alarm were negative  
influences. This situation is extremely  
unsatisfactory both from an energy and  
Due to the good export trade, the Ger• only fell by 17% as against 33% for the  
man car industry in 1988 was almost able diesel market as a whole. Another fact  
to achieve again with 4.3 million cars the was that demand for our mid-series mod•  
previously highest output level of 1987.  
The number of cars made by German  
environmental point of view, as the diesel manufacturers increased by 13.1% to  
els remained high. New registrations  
increased by 6.0% to 156,300 units. Fur•  
ther.growth was achieved, in particular,  
by the T-series with 21,900 vehicles sold  
engine, which is particularly low in con•  
sumption and is energy-saving, achieves  
1.5 million units. Every fourth car with a  
German trademark is thus manufactured (20,500 in 1987) and by the coupes  
gaseous emission values which are in the outside the Federal Republic of Germany.  
same range as the values for gasoline en•  
introduced into the market in May 1987  
(+142% to 11,322 units). Higher sales of  
gines with three-way catalytic converters. Daimler-Benz: Decline in Diesel Cars gasoline-engined 190 models could not  
make up for the 25% decline in sales of  
the diesel models. In total, new registra•  
tions of this series dropped by 13%  
to 96,750 units. Sales of the S-class  
sedans and coupes, at 17,790 units were  
The sales losses in car exports to  
In the Federal Republic of Germany in  
the U.S. market contrasted with increased 1988, new registrations of Mercedes-Benz  
supplies mainly to other foreign West  
European countries and to Japan. In  
total exports of German cars increased  
by 2.3% to 2.51 million units. Over  
cars fell from 281,941 to 270,843 as a  
result of the diminished market for diesel  
cars. Our market share, by contrast, im•  
proved slightly to 10.2% (10.1% in 1987).  
2
1% below the figure for the previous  
year.  
In the countries of the European  
Community, new registrations of  
Mercedes-Benz cars totaled 399,500  
(1987: 398,700). Outside Germany, Italy  
was again our largest market in Europe  
with an increase of 20% to 33,300 vehi•  
cles. In France we increased our sales  
volume by 2.2% to 25,000 cars. In the  
U.K. market we achieved our best sales  
results yet parallel to the development  
in the overall market with 23,450 cars  
(
+9.8%). A shrinking overall market and  
altered registration conditions for our  
T-series in the Netherlands reduced our  
sales by 5.9% to 12,700 cars. In Bel•  
gium we approximately maintained the  
result of the previous year with 12,100  
new car registrations. The Spanish  
market increased by approximately a  
third to 17,500 Mercedes-Benz cars.  
Outside the EC we also made welcome  
increases in sales with 9,500 Mercedes-  
Benz cars in Austria (+4.5%), 9,800 in  
Switzerland (+9.3%) and 10,100 in  
Proven Mercedes  
quality and new engine  
technology which is  
less stressful on the  
environment safeguard  
the future of diesel  
cars.  
Sweden (+27%). In the U.S. market, our  
sales organization sold 83,700 of our  
cars. Although sales were 6.9% below  
those of the previous year, we consider  
it to be a very good result if compared  
to total German car sales in the U.S.  
(
-21%) and in view of exchange-related  
and Bremen in the year under review.  
In addition to the T-series models manu• Better Diesel Engines  
factured in Bremen (+8.4% to 35,900  
New Models and  
burdens. Following the previous year's  
increase of 36%, new registrations of  
Mercedes-Benz cars in the Japanese  
market rose in 1988 by a further 21% to  
In 1988 we made the Mercedes-Benz  
units), we produced 261,700 (+3.1%) se• car range more attractive by implement•  
dans and coupes in 1988. Due to market ing a number of different measures.  
conditions, we reduced production of the The compact models were refined, both  
2
2,600. For the S-class sedans and  
coupes, Japan was once again the most  
important market after the U.S.A.  
After the strong expansion in the pre•  
vious years, we adjusted our production  
output in 1988, at 559,713 cars, (598,079 technically sophisticated luxury cars.  
in 1987) to the developments in individ•  
ual markets. A total of 178,600 units  
S-class sedans and coupes by 14% to  
83,500 vehicles, but nevertheless remain• price of the anti-lock brake system (ABS),  
ed the largest manufacturer, by far, in the we helped to improve the active safety  
visually and technically. By lowering the  
sector of particularly high-quality and  
of these models. The new top model in  
the series is the 190 E 2.5-16, with four  
valves per cylinder. In the mid-series, the  
new 200 E and 200 TE extend our range  
of cars with fuel-injection engines. Among  
the diesel models, the 250 D Turbo was  
added. The utility value, and above all the  
levels of safety, were raised even further  
by the inclusion of ABS as standard  
equipment for the mid-series cars.  
In 1988, 5,555 Mercedes-Benz  
cross-country vehicles (6,368 in 1987)  
were manufactured for our account at  
Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG in Graz, Austria.  
(213,800 in 1987) were manufactured in  
the compact series made in Sindelfingen  
The standard equipment of the S-class  
cars was again upgraded. With the new  
560 SE, we have now enlarged this cate•  
gory of particularly high-quality models.  
Within the four series we offer 49 differ•  
ent models of sedans, coupes and  
sport cars.  
By making intensive use of electronic  
application systems (CAD, CAE, CAM),  
we have further improved and extended  
the data network between the individual  
divisions of Design, Development and  
Production. In the areas of active and  
passive safety, environmental acceptability  
and overall economy, we have set impor•  
tant standards in automotive engineer•  
ing. As supplements to the three-point  
inertia-reel seat belt, for example, the belt  
tensioner and the airbag for the driver  
and front passenger provide considera•  
bly more protection for occupants. The  
belt tensioner has to date been a stand•  
ard feature of approximately 2 million  
cars. More than half a million of our  
vehicles are equipped with a driver  
airbag. The front-seat passenger airbag  
has been optionally available for the mid-  
series and S-class models since 1988 and  
can also be fitted in the new sports car.  
We succeeded in taking a major step  
forward in reducing particulate emissions  
New Roadster  
with a new generation of diesel engines.  
An improved combustion system reduces  
particulate emissions by a further 40%.  
improves the cold running behavior and  
reduces the low noise level of the engine  
even further. As already the case in the  
At the Geneva Motor Show in March  
1989, we presented our new Mercedes-  
Benz SL (R 129 series) for the first time.  
A level is thus achieved which in previous turbo-engine, the naturally aspirated  
years still required a particulate trap. The engines now have an injection pump with It succeeds its successful predecessor  
new diesel engines, which went into pro•  
duction in February 1989, already meet  
the EC's particulate limits planned for  
automatic altitude adjustment. A reduc•  
tion in the full-load injection quantity  
prevents increasing smoke formation  
(the R 107 series), which has achieved  
worldwide recognition since 1971 with  
sales of more than 236,000. The new SL  
models will be launched in June 1989,  
with models 300 SL (with the proven but  
further refined 3-liter, 6-cylinder injection  
engine, developing 140 kW/190 hp),  
300 SL-24 (6-cylinder engine with 4-valve  
technology, 170 kW/231 hp) and 500 SL  
(8-cylinder engine, also with four valves  
per cylinder, 240 kW/326 hp). The new•  
ly developed Mercedes-Benz four-valve  
the 90s, which are the same as the strict from the diesel engine.  
limits applying in the U.S.A. The modifica•  
tions to internal engine features which we  
have made have clear advantages with  
respect to length of life and costs as  
against filter technology. The emission of  
hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide has  
been further reduced by the new genera•  
tion of engines. Specific reannealing  
A variable interior  
within an exclusive  
shape: the secret of  
success of the  
Mercedes T-model.  
Mercedes G:  
"The best cross•  
country vehicle in the  
world" according to  
the results of a survey  
by the magazine  
"auto motor sport".  
1
90 E 2.5-16:  
The 190 in its new  
form: distinctive lines,  
more space and  
further-refined  
The sporty top model  
in the compact series.  
appointments.  
engines achieve a higher torque in the  
lower engine speed range due to inlet  
camshafts which are adjustable during  
operation. Smooth running has been fur•  
DM 2 Billion Invested in the  
Passenger Car Division  
We have invested DM 1.9 billion  
same time installed production facilities  
for the new six and eight-cylinder engines  
with four-valve technology. Together with  
(DM 1.5 billion in 1987) in our passenger the Sindelfingen works, an impulse-con•  
trolled engine call-up system, which con•  
efficient, innovative manufacturing equip• siderably reduces stock held, has been  
ment as well as for preparation towards  
introduced. At the Berlin plant we have  
ther improved in all engine speed ranges. car plants for new products and more  
In the new series we continue the  
concept of the open roadster in the  
exclusive sports car class. We have  
achieved in the process an optimum  
future work. New, flexible processes and set up production equipment for cam•  
techniques, ensuring the highest possible shaft adjustment systems of the new  
synthesis of properties which provide the product quality and further improving  
four-valve engines.  
vehicle with a maximum degree of saf•  
ety, handling and ride comfort in addi•  
tion to outstanding drive performance.  
work-places as well as placing less strain  
on the environment, have been introduced stallation of the soft-top hydraulics of the  
Difficult assembly work such as the in•  
in the manufacture of major components  
and in assembly.  
In engine manufacture at the Unter-  
türkheim plant we have started produc•  
tion of new engine versions, and at the  
R129 is no longer carried out on the pro•  
duction line in Bremen, but in what are  
known as star-shaped assembly stations.  
Here our employees are able to assem•  
ble complex parts at economically  
optimized work-places.  
These features include:  
fully automatic, electro-hydraulically  
activated soft top operation  
the automatic, sensor-controlled  
roll-over bar  
the adaptive damping system (ADS)  
all-round level adjustment and control  
the integral seats with restraint  
system.  
The new SL-series is even more clearly  
located in the top market sector than its  
predecessor due to its sophisticated en•  
gineering. It appeals to a group of buyers  
whose reasons for purchase and perso•  
nal requirements target an exclusive  
vehicle in many respects.  
Star-shaped assembly  
stations for the new  
roadster allow eco•  
nomically favorable  
fitting of the hydraulic  
lines, cable harnesses  
and folding soft-top.  
At present, laser welding for applica•  
tion in castings such as planetary gear  
carriers is being tested by the produc•  
tion engineering department at the  
Untertürkheim plant. Another point  
Involvement in Motor Sports  
world champion in the team and driver  
assessment at the first attempt The  
Frenchman Jean-Louis Schlesser's victory  
in the German SUPERCUP 1988 empha•  
sizes the competitiveness of the C9  
Sauber-Mercedes, which was able to out•  
In 1988, Mercedes-Benz again partici•  
pated successfully in motor sports, in  
Group A races of the International Ger•  
man Touring Car Championship and in  
of emphasis is the introduction of image Group C sports car prototype races of  
processing which allows the quality of  
safety-related parts to be continually  
monitored and recorded. In Sindelfingen  
the World Championship and the German match all of the competitors.  
SUPERCUP.  
The engine of the C9 has to date been  
the standard light-alloy five-liter eight-  
In Group C Mercedes-Benz is intensi•  
we are examining the ways of automating fying collaboration with the PP Sauber AG cylinder unit from the Mercedes  
the installation of the sun-roof frame into team; in particular, development of  
500 SE/SEL/SEC. The new V8 four-valve  
the bodywork and also off-line programing engines and transmissions is the respon• engine is being used in the 1989 Sports  
of industrial robots.  
sibility of Mercedes-Benz. In the sports  
car prototype races of the World Cham•  
pionship in 1988 the Sauber-Mercedes  
team achieved five clear overall victories  
in 10 races and thus became runner-up  
Car World Championship.  
In the top group right  
from the start:  
in its very first year of  
racing, the Sauber-  
Mercedes achieved  
impressive victories in  
the World Champion•  
ship for sports car  
prototypes (Group C).  
The 190 E 2.3-16  
gained second place  
on its first attempt in  
the International  
German Touring Car  
Championship  
(Group A).  
In 1988 Roland Asch became runner-  
up in the International German Touring  
Car Championship due to his consistent  
performance with the Mercedes-Benz 190  
E 2.3-16. In order to meet the enormous  
public interest in this touring car cham•  
pionship, Mercedes-Benz is in 1989  
supporting the three teams of AMG,  
Snobeck-Racing-Service and Mass-Schons  
Racing; in 1989 the new 190 E 2.5-16  
with improved performance and torque  
will make its first public appearance in  
competition.  
Passenger Car Production Plants in Germany  
Area of Activity/Main Products  
Sindelfingen  
Bodywork and assembly plant,  
central depot for spare parts  
Untertürkheim  
Manufacture of engines, axles and  
transmissions; foundry, forge  
Bremen  
Berlin  
Bodywork and assembly plant  
Car and commercial vehicle engine  
reconditioning, parts manufacture for car and  
commercial vehicle engines as well  
as small components  
Hamburg  
Manufacture of chassis parts and small  
components for cars and commercial vehicles  
Bad Homburg  
Manufacture of engine timing parts for cars  
and commercial vehicles  
Prospects for 1989  
The outlook for the German car  
industry in 1989 is highly favorable,  
although the tax exemption for pollutant-  
reduced cars and other influences sup•  
porting purchasing power, which have led  
to the notable growth phase over the last  
few years, will partially come to an end.  
In a number of important Western  
European export markets we expect a  
normalization of the very good business  
conditions.  
We are optimistic that we will be able  
to maintain the sales of Mercedes-Benz  
cars abroad at the same high level as in  
the previous years, or even slightly in•  
crease them. On the domestic market,  
we expect sales to be stimulated above  
all by our new generation of diesel en•  
gines. The highly positive reaction to the  
recently presented new SL will also have  
its effect on car sales as a whole.  
"Welcome to  
Mercedes-Benz".  
The new showroom of  
our authorized Finnish  
dealer OY VEHO in  
Helsinki provides the  
appropriate atmos•  
phere.  
Commercial Vehicles  
28 |  
High Demand for  
Commercial Vehicles  
The continued cyclical upturn in the in• remained unchanged at 30%.  
dustrialized countries and growing quan•  
tities of cargo determined demand for  
commercial vehicles in 1988. As in 1987,  
this trend benefitted medium-heavy and  
heavy-duty trucks more than average.  
Worldwide commercial vehicle output  
rose by 7.2% to 13.8 million units.  
increased by 7.1% to 4.1 million units;  
the share of worldwide production  
In Western Europe, commercial vehi•  
cle sales developed more favorably than  
those of capital goods generally because  
of the high backlog demand. However,  
prices and conditions were still subject  
to keen competition. New commercial  
vehicle registrations in Western Europe  
rose by 8.0% in 1988 to a record of  
The Japanese commercial vehicle  
market, consisting almost entirely of local  
manufacturers, benefitted from lively  
activity in the construction sector.  
Sales reached a record 3 million units  
(+ 8.4%). Because of the continuing rise 1.8 million units. In the truck sector over  
in value of the Yen, however, exports fell 6 tonnes GVW, sales increased by no less  
With 5.2 million new commercial vehi• further to 1.7 million (- 6.3%) commer•  
than 12% to just under 290,000 units.  
The United Kingdom and Spain experi•  
enced a veritable commercial vehicle  
boom. Western European manufacturers  
cle registrations in the U.S.A. (+ 4.9%),  
the 5-million mark was passed for the  
first time. Market growth extended to  
almost all vehicle categories, but only  
benefitted U.S. manufacturers. A total of  
cial vehicles.  
Output rose by 3.3% to 4.5 million  
units. Despite its further reduced share of  
33% (1987: 34%) of worldwide produc• increased their output by 15% to 1.8 mil•  
tion, Japan remains the largest producer lion units. In the sector over 6 tonnes  
331,200 trucks over 6 tonnes GVW were country, although principally because  
GVW alone, production rose by 13% to  
sold, representing an increase of 18%.  
Commercial vehicle output in the U.S.A.  
of the large share of pick-ups and cross• 352,000 trucks. In this segment, Western  
country vehicles which are based on  
the passenger car.  
Europe has a share of one-third of world•  
wide production as opposed to only 13%  
in the case of all commercial vehicles.  
The German Commercial Vehicle  
Industry: Increased Sales  
in Germany and Abroad  
In the Federal Republic of Germany,  
the demand for commercial vehicles con•  
tinued at a high level. Stimuli came from  
the transport and road haulage trade,  
the service sector and the construction  
industry. New registrations rose by 5.1%  
overall to 161,000 commercial vehicles.  
While van sales continued to rise, there  
were only slightly more heavy-duty trucks  
over 16 tonnes GVW registered than in  
1
987. The market share of foreign man•  
ufacturers continued to grow to 27%  
1987: 26%), largely because of a rise  
(
in sales in the lighter categories.  
Due to lively demand for heavy-duty  
trucks in the rest of Western Europe and  
in a number of non-European markets,  
the German commercial vehicle industry  
was able to raise exports by a total of  
The MB 100 D van:  
a likable vehicle for  
all-round applications.  
8
.8% to 170,000 units. Exports of trucks  
over 6 tonnes GVW rose by 16% to  
2,300 units, in the range over 16 ton•  
7
nes GVW by as much as 19% to 44,300  
units. German production of commercial  
vehicles rose by 7.1% to 279,000 units.  
Daimler-Benz: Significant Rise in  
Commercial Vehicle Sales  
Daimler-Benz utilized to the full the  
opportunities provided by the market in  
Commercial vehicle exports from our  
domestic plants rose by 15% to a total  
of 95,300 vehicles. Exports of heavy-duty  
trucks rose by 14% to 25,000 units.  
Within the European Community, we  
sold 19,150 Mercedes-Benz trucks in  
France - our largest commercial vehicle  
market after the Federal Republic of Ger•  
1988, maintaining its position as the  
We exported 81,154 commercial vehicles many - representing a rise of 7.2%. In  
world's leading truck manufacturer. On  
the domestic market we sold a total of  
(+ 13%) to other European countries,  
85% of these to the countries of the  
European Community. In the truck sector  
over 6 tonnes GVW, we remained the  
the United Kingdom, our sales rose by  
21%, with 18.600 trucks. A total of 7,900  
(1987: 7,950) Mercedes-Benz trucks were  
sold in the Netherlands. Our sales in  
6
6,200 commercial vehicles (+ 9.7%).  
We were particularly successful with our  
newly launched MB 100 D van. Following  
the major increase the previous year,  
largest producer in Western Europe with Italy increased by 4% to 6,250 units.  
a market share of 23%, against the back• In Spain, we were able to increase our  
however, we were also able to slightly in• ground of an increasing market volume.  
crease sales of trucks over 6 tonnes GVW  
The same was the case with the heavy- units; these included 9,900 vans (+ 16%)  
again, to 29,900 units. Our market share duty segment in excess of 16 tonnes  
new registrations by 20% to 13,900  
from our plant in Vitoria.  
of 58.6% in this segment remained  
virtually unchanged as compared with  
the previous year.  
GVW, in which Mercedes-Benz commer•  
cial vehicles accounted for just under  
one-fifth of all new registrations.  
Outside the European Community, we  
sold from our domestic production 3,300  
trucks (+ 19%) in Austria, 3,000  
(+ 6.8%) in Switzerland, 1,600 (+ 3.4%)  
in Finland and 1,150 (+ 2.7%) in Sweden.  
The Middle East experienced a rise in de•  
mand for commercial vehicles for the first  
time in several years. Our sales in this  
region rose by 40% from a low level to  
7,900 units.  
Successful in Germany  
and abroad: the light  
trucks (6.5 to 13  
tonnes GVW) from our  
production plant in  
Wörth.  
The Mercedes vans  
with 2.55 to 4.6  
tonnes GVW have  
proven their worth  
thousands of times  
over - universally  
useable, sturdy  
Many lines of business  
would be unthinkable  
without the Mercedes  
range of large vans,  
which have firmly  
established them•  
selves on the market.  
and reliable.  
Difficult Environment  
for Bus Business  
In 1988, market activity in the bus sec• tionately by 37% to 3,100 Mercedes-  
tor both in Germany and abroad contin•  
ued to be characterized by insufficient  
demand on the one hand and production and chassis in 1988, 8.2% more than  
overcapacities on the other. The growing in 1987.  
significance of fleet customers and  
special orders has made competition  
increasingly keen.  
In the Federal Republic of Germany,  
new registrations of touring and regular  
service buses, numbering just under  
units, representing a rise of 20%, we  
were able to increase sales dispropor•  
Rise in Sales of Industrial Engines  
Due to the continuing favorable situa•  
tion regarding capital goods, there was  
once more a marked rise in sales of in•  
dustrial and OEM engines to manufactur•  
ers of agricultural and construction ma•  
chinery, industrial lift trucks, buses and  
special-purpose vehicles. Sales of domes•  
tically produced engines rose to 13,700  
units (1987:12,700); in particular, the  
high-performance 400 series engines  
were marked by a strong rise in sales of  
20%. Sales of major vehicle components  
- axles and transmissions - fell to 6,200  
Benz buses. In our domestic plants we  
manufactured 4,900 complete buses  
Decline in Unimog and MB-trac Sales  
Sales of the Unimog and the MB-trac  
dropped in 1988 by 15% to 8,100 units.  
In Germany, following completion of a  
large order for Unimogs and due to a  
further decline in demand for agricultural  
4
,800, remained 2.1% below the figure  
for the previous year. Mercedes-Benz,  
however, sold 2,331 buses (+ 9.8%) in  
the year under review. On the foreign  
tractors, sales of the Unimog and the MB- (1987: 8,000) units. Our foreign subsid•  
trac fell by 39% to 3,250 units. Abroad, iaries in Argentina, Brazil and Spain pro•  
on the other hand, sales increased by  
markets, the downward trend of the past 15% to 4,850 units. Output was reduced  
duced a total of 14,100 (1987:16,300)  
industrial engines.  
few years could be stopped. While ex•  
ports of the industry increased by 6,000  
to 7,961 (1987: 9,450) Unimogs and  
MB-tracs.  
Commercial Vehicle Output Up  
in Germany  
Output at our domestic plants amount•  
ed to 154,319 commercial vehicles,  
Commercial Vehicle Output  
6
.7% more than in 1987. The increase  
was spread among all categories of  
commercial vehicles, but especially bene•  
fitted the labor-intensive medium and  
heavy-duty trucks. The output of vehicle  
kits rose by 6.4% to 10,734 units.  
Full capacity utilization was achieved  
for our manufacturing facilities in  
Germany. The fall in Unimog and MB-trac  
production at the Gaggenau plant was  
compensated for by a strong rise in pro•  
duction of truck axles and transmissions.  
At Worth, we worked to the limits of  
technical capacity in order to cope with  
the large volume of orders, especially for  
heavy-duty trucks.  
Further Increase in  
and 83% (1987: 84%) for buses,  
remained undisputed. The fall in commer• number of employees, too, had to be  
cial vehicle exports to 10,200 (1987:  
to 4,168 units (5,370 in 1987). The  
Commercial Vehicle Output Abroad  
Our commercial vehicle companies  
abroad were able to raise their output  
adapted accordingly.  
In North America, the favorable eco•  
nomic situation led to further growth in  
11,800) units was accounted for by a de•  
by a total of 16% to 103,632 vans, trucks cline in orders from our assembly com•  
and buses. We thus manufactured over  
00,000 commercial vehicles at our for•  
eign production plants for the first time.  
Taken together with domestic production, tries. At 45,791 units, Mercedes-Benz do start-up of its new generation Class 8  
panies in the U.S.A.; this could only part• demand for commercial vehicles. Our  
ly be compensated for by an increase  
subsidiary Freightliner could not fully ben•  
in deliveries to the Latin American coun• efit from this because of the production  
1
this amounts to a total Group output of  
Brasil's output exceeded the previous  
year's mark by 5.3%.  
heavy-duty trucks. Despite this, sales  
reached 24,164 units, even more than the  
already high figure of 23,350 recorded  
the previous year. Its market share, how•  
ever, fell slightly to 16.3% (1987:17.8%).  
The production output at the two  
257,951 commercial vehicles (+ 10%).  
Our largest foreign subsidiary,  
The commercial vehicle market was  
not spared the effects of a further dras•  
tic deterioration in the economic situa•  
tion in Argentina, especially over the  
latter half of the year. Due to the major  
slump in demand, Mercedes-Benz Argen•  
tina suffered a 26% drop in sales, to  
4,000 units. The market share of trucks  
over 6 tonnes GVW fell to 51% (1987:  
54%). Production output only amounted  
Mercedes-Benz do Brasil, succeeded in  
boosting its sales in Brazil by 7.3% to  
just under 35,000 commercial vehicles  
despite the continuing decline in the  
domestic economy. While truck sales  
remained at last year's level, more buses  
were sold. The company's strong posi•  
tion on the market, with shares of 49%  
once more for trucks over 6 tonnes GVW  
U.S. plants and in Canada, amounting to  
2
6,800 units (1987: 27,100), was affect•  
ed by capacity bottlenecks connected  
with new production start-ups. In the  
medium-heavy class of trucks assembled  
from Mercedes-Benz parts delivered from  
Brazil and Germany, sales dropped to  
3,200 (1987: 4,200) units.  
Mercedes-Benz Espana more than  
doubled sales of its Spanish-made vans  
in 1988, to 22,900 units. Output, limited  
solely by production capacity, increased  
by 102% to 23,140 units.  
The Unimog provides  
reliable all-year-round  
services for municipal  
authorities  
A future-oriented  
alternative in local  
public transport:  
the O-Bahn from  
Mercedes-Benz  
The new four-axle  
models from the range  
of heavy-duty trucks:  
highly maneuverable  
specialty vehicles for  
heavy payloads.  
Despite a fall in demand for motor  
vehicles, Mercedes-Benz of South Africa  
was able to sell 3,700 commercial  
vehicles (+ 23%). Output was boosted  
to 3,600 vehicles (1,880 in 1987).  
The commercial vehicle market in  
Indonesia exhibited a sharp rise of 27%.  
Our Indonesian affiliated companies P.T.  
German Motor Manufacturing, Wanaher-  
ang, and P.T. Star Motors Indonesia,  
Bus sales fell to 700 (1987: 900) units.  
Production output and the strength of the  
workforce had to be adapted to these  
conditions. Truck assembly, with an  
output of 240 units, remained at a low  
Jakarta, contributed to this upswing with level. With its recently extended range  
sales of 2,212 (1987:1,932) commercial of trucks, this company has established  
Affiliated Commercial Vehicle  
Companies Register Varying  
Performances  
vehicles in the year under review. Full  
capacity production was reached in the  
a sound basis for further improving its  
position on the Turkish market. Its capital  
The foreign commercial vehicle com•  
panies in which Daimler-Benz has a  
bus sector. There was a correspondingly stock doubled in 1988 to TL 64 billion  
positive development in the assembly of  
minority holding and which appear in the commercial vehicle engines at P.T. Star  
(the equivalent of DM 62.7 billion), thus  
strengthening its financial basis.  
consolidated financial statements as as•  
sociated companies, registered differing  
performances for 1988. Their production  
outputs are not included in the Group  
output figure.  
Engines.  
The demand for commercial vehicles  
in Mexico was higher than in the pre•  
In Turkey, Otobus ve Motorlu Araclar  
Sanayii A.S. (OTOMARSAN) felt the effects vious year. Benefitting from this, our af•  
of the increasingly difficult conditions in  
the bus and heavy-duty truck markets.  
filiated company Fabrica de Autotranspor-  
tes Mexicana S.A. (FAMSA) was able to  
boost its sales from 1,350 to over 2,350  
units. Particularly through the success of  
its medium-heavy vehicles powered by  
Mercedes-Benz diesel engines, its mar•  
ket share of trucks over 6 tonnes GVW  
rose sharply to 35% (1987: 25%).  
The Swiss-based NAW Nutzfahrzeug-  
gesellschaft Arbon & Wetzikon AG, which  
converts and assembles Mercedes-Benz  
commercial vehicles according to specific  
customer requirements, increased its  
output to 2.035 (1897:1,720) units.  
Sales nearly doubled to an equivalent of  
DM 204 million.  
Cooperation Project China  
After four years of negotiations,  
Daimler-Benz AG and the Chinese engi•  
neering group North Industries Corpora•  
tion (NORINCO) signed the contracts in  
September 1988 for the manufacture of  
Mercedes-Benz heavy-duty trucks in  
Baotou, Mongolia. Production of a broad  
range of heavy-duty trucks from 16 ton•  
nes GVW is to commence in the first half  
of 1990. Over the space of six years,  
One of the new  
generation USF-1E  
trucks from Freight-  
liner.  
15,000 ckd kits will be delivered to China  
and assembled there. Following this in•  
dustrialization process, annual production  
is expected to reach 6,000 units, with a  
local content of 90%. We regard this pro•  
ject as an important step in our strategy  
for East Asia and a significant break•  
through on the Chinese market.  
Broad Commercial Vehicle Range  
to Meet a Wide Variety  
of Customer Requirements  
charged V6 diesel engine with inter-  
cooler to be used in a commercial vehi•  
cle, the OM 441 LA. The new heavy-duty  
truck is also exemplary in terms of  
safety: all models with a rated output  
The 0 303 touring bus can be fitted  
with further engine variants incorporat•  
ing the integrated power train. Electronic  
Power Shifting (EPS) is also available as  
an optional extra for buses with the new  
OM 441/441 A V6 diesel engines. Inno•  
vative features such as Acceleration Skid  
Control (ASR) for trucks to supplement  
the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) ensure  
the highest possible level of safety in  
all Mercedes-Benz commercial vehicles.  
After more than twenty years of de•  
velopment work, we have achieved a  
breakthrough in emission control for ur•  
We have further extended our broad  
range of commercial vehicles with new  
products and product improvements. The of 213 kW (290 hp) or more are fitted  
rigids, tractor units, tippers and all-wheel- with Electronic Power Shifting (EPS) as  
drive dumpers of the new heavy-duty  
truck series from 16 tonnes GVW, which  
we presented in July 1988, are designed  
to consolidate our position in the Euro•  
pean markets in the long term. These  
trucks are distinguished by low fuel con•  
sumption, a long overall service life, low  
curb weight, short downtimes for main•  
tenance and repairs, combined with  
even higher transport capacity and con•  
siderably reduced operating costs. The  
range of engines includes the first turbo-  
standard.  
We have further optimized our T1 van  
series. A new power train and improved  
aerodynamics provide for fuel savings  
amounting to 20%. This was largely  
made possible by new higher-perfor•  
mance OM 601/602 series engines with  
reduced fuel consumption. We expect the ban buses and municipal vehicles, in the  
sharp improvement in overall economy  
of this series of vans to further strength•  
en our position on the market.  
form of the particulate trap. This repre•  
sents an effective contribution to the en•  
vironmental acceptability of inner city traf•  
fic. Our particulate trap, consisting of a  
ceramic candle-type filter and a catalytic  
regeneration system, complies with the  
strict particulate emission limits valid  
from 1991 in the U.S.A. for urban buses.  
In 1989, we shall already be delivering  
4
00 of these units as an optional extra  
for city buses and municipal vehicles.  
Mercedes-Benz do  
Brasil is the  
country's foremost  
producer of bus  
chassis.  
The LN1 - the basis  
of a new generation  
of trucks introduced  
in the Brazilian market  
in 1988.  
Mercedes-Benz do Brasil has success• High Investments in  
casings are manufactured in a fully ver•  
satile production system. The cable har•  
nesses for the new heavy-duty trucks are  
prepared and tested individually for each  
fully launched a vehicle comparable with  
the Düsseldorf van. The chassis design  
is completely new, as are the OM 300  
series engines. This generation of trucks  
will be extended in 1989 to include  
medium-heavy conventionals. In Argenti•  
na, the OH 1315 G bus with particularly  
environmentally acceptable gas-driven  
engines was presented. In the U.S.A.,  
Freightliner started delivering the new  
Class 8 heavy-duty trucks in several  
different versions.  
New Production Technology  
During the year under review, we in•  
vested DM 436 million in our German  
production plants and DM 445 million in vehicle by means of a CAD/CAM pro•  
our plants abroad. The main points of  
emphasis in our domestic plants, as in  
cess chain in Mannheim for just-in-time de•  
livery to Worth, where the entire electri•  
previous years, were preparations for new cal systems are tested in the completed  
production start-ups, rationalisation of  
manufacturing processes and optimiza•  
tion of our range of products. Technical  
preparation for the start-up of the new  
heavy-duty trucks affected not only the  
vehicle by computer-aided equipment.  
Good Basis for Commercial Vehicle  
Business in Europe  
As things stand, we expect 1989 to be  
Worth assembly plant, but all component- a good year for commercial vehicles, al•  
supplying plants. In Gaggenau, for  
instance, production was commenced  
though a slight decline in business must  
be expected in the course of the year.  
of a range-change gearbox matched to the By contrast with this general trend, our  
characteristics of the new generation of  
company with its broad, highly competi•  
engines. The new aluminum transmission tive range and worldwide presence will  
be able to slightly increase production  
output and sales. We intend to compen•  
sate for a possible decline in demand in  
Germany with increased exports. We shall  
also be able to increase our entire Group  
output once more. Our subsidiaries in  
Spain and South Africa are expecting a  
further rise in output. In view of the over•  
all economic situation, we are expecting  
risks for our two South American com•  
mercial vehicle companies.  
The growth in the exchange of goods  
to be expected from 1993 with the intro•  
duction of the single European market  
should also provide a powerful stimulus  
to transport requirements in the Com•  
munity. The truck will only benefit from  
this development if we meet the growing  
government demands with respect to the  
emissions of our vehicles with new, inno•  
vative ideas, thereby raising their level of  
environmental compatibility. An ecologi•  
cally oriented transport system incorpo•  
rating the commercial vehicle as a signif•  
icant element also requires new forms of  
management in collaboration between  
road and rail transport, a development  
which we are assigning high priority.  
At home throughout  
Europe: the 0 303  
RHDhigh-deck  
touring bus.  
At the Mannheim plant, we also pre•  
pared the production start-up of the new-  
generation OM 601/602 diesel engines  
in mid-1988. A significant contribution to  
industrial environmental protection was  
made in Rastatt with the newly installed  
collection point for service products. Us•  
ing state-of-the-art waste disposal technol•  
ogy, this facility provides environmentally  
compatible interim storage and repro•  
cessing of service fluids and other waste  
material. In Dusseldorf, we opened a de•  
pot for paint and related materials, com•  
plying with the latest safety regulations.  
The investments of our subsidiary compa•  
nies abroad were primarily concerned  
with product range revision and meas•  
ures relating to capacity and rationali•  
zation.  
Commercial Vehicle Production Plants in Germany  
Area of Activity/Main Products  
Mannheim  
Wörth  
Manufacture of commercial vehicle and industrial  
engines; body and assembly plant for buses;  
foundry; fabric manufacturing for cars  
Truck assembly including cab manufacture;  
manufacture of plastic parts for cars  
and commercial vehicles; central parts depot  
for commercial vehicles  
Gaggenau  
Düsseldorf  
Kassel  
Body and assembly plant for Unimogs  
and MB-tracs; manufacture of transmissions  
and planetary axles  
Body and assembly plant for vans and small  
buses; manufacture of steering systems for  
cars and commercial vehicles  
Manufacture of axles  
Shielded arc welding in  
cab shell manufacture  
(Wörth plant).  
The "Mercedes-Benz  
Assistant" - a modular  
information, communi•  
cation and manage•  
ment system for the  
preparation, imple•  
mentation and  
assessment of trans•  
port operations.  
The hand terminal of  
the on-board computer  
assists the driver by  
automating business  
execution to a  
considerable extent.  
AEG Division  
Encouraging Growth in Sales  
In the year under review, the German  
electrical and electronic industry bene•  
fitted from the favorable economic  
climate at home and increased demand  
from abroad. The trend in the sales  
of electro-technical capital goods and  
domestic appliances was particularly  
gratifying.  
Incoming orders, at DM 13.4 billion,  
exceeded the previous year's by 11%.  
Here a 7% increase in domestic orders to  
DM 7.8 billion contrasted to an above-  
average rise in orders from foreign  
customers, by 17% to DM 5.6 billion.  
At year-end, AEG employed 89,585  
people worldwide, 9,086 more than in the  
previous year. Employment in Germany  
rose by 3,752 to 69,844, this increase  
being continued for the fourth year in  
Further Increase in Investments  
In the year under review, AEG invest•  
ed DM 1,847 million (DM 671 million in  
1987) in non-current and intangible as•  
sets and the acquisition of affiliates, far  
more than in the previous years. In the  
main areas of activity, DM 824 million  
(DM 575 million in 1987) was spent on  
fixed and intangible assets. This mainly  
involved the divisions of Radio and  
Radar Systems, Household Appliances,  
Opto and Vacuum Electronics, AEG Kabel  
and Modular Computer Systems Inc.  
(MODCOMP), U.S.A. By acquiring selected  
subsidiaries, AEG has become  
Sales of the AEG Group rose by 15%  
to DM 13.4 billion. Roughly half of the  
DM 1.7 billion increase came from subsid• succession.  
iaries acquired in 1988. Sales in the  
domestic market amounted to DM 7.8  
billion (+12%) and abroad to DM 5.6  
billion (+18%). The foreign sales ratio  
thus rose from 40 to 41%.  
engaged in new fields of activity, thus  
strengthening its position in traditional  
fields of activity and gaining access to  
new markets. Additions to non-current  
assets resulting from the first-time  
Resistor alignment  
on thick-film hybrid  
integrated circuits.  
The latter are used in  
all areas of electronics  
because of their relia•  
bility and long-term  
stability. The photo  
shows the silk-screen  
printing of resistors  
which subsequently  
have to be correctly  
aligned.  
inclusion of subsidiaries in consolidation  
amounted to DM 825 million (1987:  
DM 58 million). Having repurchased the  
holding in TELEFUNKEN electronic  
ing images such as those perceived from picture encoding processes. Favorable  
a motor vehicle in motion. This also in•  
research results in the microelectronics  
cludes traffic sign recognition, a research sector have led us to begin development  
task AEG is undertaking for the PROME•  
THEUS program as part of the EUREKA  
project. After intensive testing in the  
work on monolithic integrated microwave  
circuits for application in radio and  
radar systems. In opto-electronics, we  
GmbH (TEG), Heilbronn, from United  
Technologies, AEG now holds 98%  
of this company's capital which forms  
the nucleus of microelectronics, a new  
field of activity. In the year under review,  
TEG was for the first time included in  
the consolidated financial statements.  
Acquisitions abroad were geared to the  
further extension of the fields of activity  
of Automation Systems, Transport  
field of speech recognition, we presented are investigating possibilities of combining  
a voice-controlled washing machine,  
a voice-controlled car telephone and an  
office workstation with voice data entry  
to the public - all projects which signif•  
icantly improve the utility value of the  
relevant systems.  
the processor and storage chips required  
for signal processing by optical means.  
AEG is contributing major basic  
research work on radio and radar  
applications towards the Daimler-Benz  
research program on high-temperature  
In digital communications, another ma• superconductors. We are also designing  
Systems and Office, Information and  
Communication Systems. In the year under  
review, this included first and foremost  
Industrial Automation System Group  
jor area of research, we have continued  
preparing the introduction of the video  
telephone. AEG Olympia has supplied  
the German Post Office with a functional  
model of a video telephone which is  
based on many years' research into  
parallel processors for cybernetic appli•  
cations in motor vehicles.  
Power Engineering  
(MODICON) acquired from the U.S.  
AEG's Power Engineering activities  
comprise the Power Transmission and  
Distribution Division and AEG KANIS.  
In Power Transmission and Distribution,  
incoming orders and sales were clearly  
above the previous year's level. In parti•  
cular, several major orders for fully-  
insulated high-voltage switchgear were  
received from the domestic and foreign  
markets. AEG will supply the complete  
medium-voltage system for Munich's new  
Erdinger Moos airport.  
electronics manufacturer Gould Inc., and  
Westinghouse Transportation Systems  
and Support Division acquired from  
Westinghouse Electric Corp.. To expand  
its position in the rapidly growing motor  
vehicle electronics sector, AEG acquired  
a 39% stake in Siliconix Corp., Santa  
Clara, California. AEG's acquisition of an  
option for a 26% share in the capital of  
ElectroCom Automation Inc., Arlington,  
U.S.A., serves the purpose of safeguard•  
ing its leading position in the sector of  
letter sorting and distribution systems in  
the U.S. market.  
By selling AEG KANIS' steam turbine  
sector to Asea Brown Boveri AG (ABB),  
Mannheim, at the beginning of 1988, AEG  
has taken a first step in taking the trend  
in the power plant sector towards merg•  
ers and cooperations into account.  
Worldwide, DM 1.1 billion (+17%) was  
spent on research and development;  
this amounted to 8% of sales. There are  
more than 7,600 employees in this sec•  
tor. We are participating in a number of  
joint national and international research  
projects investigating environmentally  
compatible solar and wind-generated en•  
ergy, the automation of production and  
assembly processes and programs for in•  
formation processing and communication  
connected with advanced local public  
transport systems.  
Industrial and Automation Systems  
The highlights in this field of activity  
were the takeover of MODICON's world•  
wide activities, the extension of the  
GEAMATICS automation system and the  
implementation of several large-scale  
automation projects in different fields of  
technology. The division's sales experi•  
enced a further increase. After extensive  
development work, MODCOMP, U.S.A.,  
AEG's real-time computer systems  
The new Lavatherm  
spin dryer from AEG,  
with extra large door.  
The spacious drum  
has a capacity for up  
to 5 kg of dry laundry.  
In one of the major areas of research,  
pattern recognition, the work on image  
analysis for industrial applications is com•  
plemented by the interpretation of mov•  
house, has introduced the first 3D high•  
speed computer. GEI in Aachen, AEG's  
systems and software house, has signif•  
icantly increased the number of its  
employees, thus taking into account the  
growth in the automation systems  
business as well as the growing  
importance of software and systems  
engineering services. In addition to  
this, GEI founded a subsidiary in Austria.  
Over and above this, several process  
automation equipment projects were  
implemented in key-technology sectors.  
on gas recovery in tank loading plants  
and on flue-gas desulphurization. For the German Federal Railways. We will supply  
related to orders received from the  
first time, the complete electro-technical  
equipment for a denitrification plant for  
drinking-water processing was supplied  
to a waterworks in North-Rhine-West•  
phalia.  
important components for the electrical  
equipment of the high-speed trains sched•  
uled to go into service at the beginning  
of the 1990s. Test operation of the first  
electronic switch tower developed by us  
has proved to be successful. In 1988,  
we supplied electrical equipment for local  
public transport systems in Germany,  
Italy, Hong Kong and Australia. The  
worldwide marketing of the new,  
Transport Systems  
This field of activity comprises AEG's  
previous Railway Systems Division,  
We received follow-up orders from leading Magnetbahn GmbH and Westinghouse  
motor manufacturers for control systems Transportation System's activities. The  
joint venture, with AEG having industrial  
both are based on the GEAMATICS auto• control, is operating under the name of  
automatic, track-bound M-Train local  
public transport system has been further  
intensified.  
for paint lines and test rig equipment;  
mation system, the MODNET communi•  
cation system and the direct control  
systems from MODICON.  
In the environmental technology  
sector, AEG has continued the projects  
AEG Westinghouse Transport-Systeme  
Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin.  
Sales of this field of activity increased as  
compared to the previous year. In Ger•  
many, activities were predominantly  
Office and Communication Systems  
The activities in the field of office and  
communication technology concentrated  
under AEG Olympia AG were further  
intensified in 1988. Sales did not quite  
reach the previous year's level. Domes•  
tic sales of electronic semi-professional  
typewriters and typewriters for private  
use increased. Foreign business contin•  
ued to be adversely affected by the fierce  
price war especially in the dollar area.  
AEG Olympia's "mobile office" project  
comprises the new "Roadfax" mobile tel•  
efax communication system as well as a  
portable workstation with personal com•  
puter and printer for installation in cars.  
These systems help significantly improve  
the communication between car and  
office. In the mobile communication sec•  
tor, production of the new Telecar 1C car  
telephone was begun. The Federal Insti•  
tution for Air Traffic Control has decided  
to use the DAKOS data communication  
system for the exchange of air traffic con•  
trol data on an international scale. Hence,  
within the next few years, the system  
will be installed at all air traffic control  
stations in the Federal Republic of  
This large, highly flexi•  
ble and mobile robot,  
which performs a  
wide range of complex  
operations, was deve•  
loped by Putzmeister,  
a construction  
machinery manufactur•  
er, in collaboration  
with AEG and  
Fraunhofer Institute.  
It is mounted on a  
Mercedes-Benz  
Germany to form a network.  
DB 3535 K/8x4/45.  
To date, AEG Olympia has installed  
recorded a marked increase in incoming of activity pursued by TELEFUNKEN elec•  
fully automatic letter sorting and distri•  
bution systems at 56 domestic and 450 vessels were equipped with automation  
orders. Further container and research  
tronic GmbH. Sales increased despite a  
considerable fall in sales revenue. In the  
foreign post offices. ElectroCom Automa• and energy supply systems. AEG was able year under review, the range of integrat•  
tion Inc., Arlington, Texas, the U.S.  
to further expand its international lead  
in the field of power supply systems for  
satellites. To date, French, Swedish and  
U.S. American satellites are being pow•  
ered by AEG solar generators.  
ed circuits for in-car electronic and tele•  
communication systems, in particular,  
has been extended. To meet the growing  
demand especially for anti-lock braking  
systems, the production of electronic  
assemblies using thick-film and printed  
licensee, has been receiving large-scale  
orders for letter distribution equipment  
from the U.S. Postal Service since 1984.  
Aerospace and Defense Systems  
Under the new management structure  
In the field of radio and radar systems, for the Daimler-Benz Group, it is planned circuit board technology has been  
a high order backlog accounted for an  
expansion of business volume. Major  
orders from Germany and abroad were  
received above all for radio monitoring  
and reconnaissance systems as well as  
for portable radio equipment.  
Sales rose once again in the Marine  
and Special Systems sector. The Marine  
Systems subdivision, newly founded in  
to concentrate all of AEG's aerospace and significantly expanded.  
defense activities in TELEFUNKEN System  
Technik GmbH and to transfer this divi•  
sion to Deutsche Aerospace AG, retro•  
spectively effective as of January 1,1989.  
Standard Products and Components  
The vigorous growth in sales recorded  
in previous years in the field of opto and  
vacuum electronics could not be contin•  
ued in 1988. Business was impaired by  
the lasting weakness of the dollar as well  
as delays in the placing of orders for ma•  
jor projects. However, higher growth rates  
are expected again in the near future.  
Due to its leading position in the field  
of traveling-wave tubes for use in satel•  
lites, AEG has received an order for the  
INTELSAT VII program against tough com•  
petition. Large-scale production facilities  
for liquid-crystal displays are currently  
under construction.  
Microelectronics  
An above-average rise in the exports  
to non-European markets has been re•  
corded in microelectronics, a new field  
1987 to comprise all marine activities,  
The M-Train developed  
by AEG is a fully  
automatic local public  
transport system.  
Roadfax, a mobile  
telefax communication  
system from AEG  
Olympia. The portable  
unit is connected to  
the car telephone  
(
network C) via an  
adapter box.  
All Standard Products sectors have  
been able to expand their business vol•  
umes, special stimuli being the demand  
for motors for large domestic appliances  
and office machinery as well as orders  
from the German automotive industry.  
AEG Kabel was able to vigorously ex•  
pand its sales of optical fiber cables and  
systems. New facilities for the produc•  
tion of cable harnesses for motor  
Consumer Products  
The domestic boom in the demand for  
Outlook  
For the 1989 business year we are  
electric domestic appliances continued in expecting further increases in AEG's  
sales and incoming orders. Following the  
strategic objectives of the Daimler-Benz  
novative product policy, AEG's Consumer Group, the divisions of Automation and  
Products Division did better than the  
Transport Systems and Microelectronics  
respective branch of industry as a whole, are to be greatly expanded. In this  
1988. Growth was exclusively accounted  
for by large appliances. Thanks to its in•  
both in Germany and abroad. Sales of  
AEG's power tools sector increased  
once again, with exports continuing to  
connection, investments in plant and  
equipment for major projects which are  
planned or already under way will be  
raised further.  
vehicles went into service.  
The Components sector recorded sat• account for a high proportion (over  
isfactory growth in sales and incoming  
orders despite the price fall in the case  
of some products. This result was above selfers have been further extended,  
all accounted for by foreign business.  
AEG's internationally sound market posi•  
tion in the field of photoreceptors for  
office copiers and non-impact printers  
has been further expanded. To promote  
business in the field of servo technology  
systems, an 80% stake in Kollmorgen  
60%). The product lines for the trades  
Thanks to its comprehensive and  
and for industry as well as for do-it-your• technically advanced line of capital and  
consumer goods, a sound financial basis  
mainly in the area of rotary hammers and and intensified activities in important  
battery-operated cordless tools, the  
Accu-System 2000.  
growth sectors, AEG is in a good position  
to take advantage of the opportunities  
arising from the Single European  
Market from 1993.  
Successful Performance of AEG's  
Foreign Companies  
Total sales of AEG's foreign compa•  
nies were once again higher than in the  
previous year. The subsidiaries in Spain,  
Greece and Turkey achieved two-figure  
growth rates.  
(Ireland) Ltd., Ennis, was acquired, operat•  
ing as AEG Servo Systems Ltd. since  
January 1,1989.  
In the U.S.A., AEG has during the last  
two years doubled both sales and em•  
ployment by acquiring new subsidiaries  
in the sectors of automation technology  
and track-bound transport systems. Ac•  
tivities in the promising Far East market  
have been intensified with the foundation  
of AEG Japan Ltd., Tokyo.  
Deutsche Aerospace Division  
Dornier  
In the current business year, Deutsche  
Aerospace is to incorporate the Dornier  
and MTU divisions, together with the  
aviation, space technology and defense  
Business Volume up Again  
Following the expected decline of the  
previous year, the Dornier Group was  
Expenditure on research and develop•  
ment, at DM 653 million, was considera•  
bly higher than in the previous year  
once again able to raise sales, by 19% to (DM 500 million). The increase was  
technology sectors of AEG, these sectors DM 1.9 billion. The space technology sec• accounted for purely by commissioned  
being included in TELEFUNKEN System  
Technik GmbH. It is also to include the  
activities of Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm  
GmbH, provided the holding envisaged  
by Daimler-Benz AG comes about as  
planned.  
tor was a major factor in this due to the  
invoicing of several major projects. The  
Medical Systems Division also contribut•  
ed to the growth in business, with the  
introduction of new kidney and biliary  
lithotripsy equipment. A fall in sales on  
projects which were invoiced to external  
customers. For own-account research  
and development work, a total of  
DM 130 million (DM 125 million in 1987)  
was spent. Investments in fixed assets  
reached DM 170 million (last year DM 124  
As previously, our report on the 1988  
business year refers to the two separate  
subsidiaries of Dornier and MTU.  
the aviation side, however, was not to be million); these have doubled since 1986.  
avoided. The share of exports to total  
The major share of investments went in•  
sales amounted to 55% (60% in 1987). to the extension of halls, laboratories and  
Incoming orders totaled DM 2.5 billion,  
not quite equaling the previous year's  
high level of DM 2.6 billion.  
offices, of technical facilities and the  
plants' infrastructure. Employment at  
the end of the year stood at 9,786  
(9,683 in 1987).  
DORNIER 328, the  
commuter aircraft for  
the 1990s.  
Aviation  
In the year under review, 20 DORNIER els A 310 aircraft and in 16 models 320  
28 aircraft (33 in 1987) were supplied  
aircraft. Development work on several  
to customers, most of them to the U.S.A. assemblies for the new Airbus models  
which in 1988 were installed in 23 mod•  
We have integrated the flight unit in  
the ROSAT satellite which is planned to  
be launched early in 1990 to scan X-ray  
sources in space. Commissioned by a  
U.S. company, at the end of 1988, we  
2
Worldwide, 147 aircraft of this type are  
now in use. Due to good results in sched•  
uled flight testing, the further developed  
DO 228-212 with a maximum take-off  
A 330/340 was begun in 1988.  
Development work also started on the completed the test unit of the PCA satel•  
DORNIER 328, a thirty-seat commuter  
aircraft. We have continued work on the  
lite carrier structure to be developed and  
manufactured for the TITAN III rocket.  
weight of 6,400 kg obtained certification. JF 90/EFA, the European fighter plane  
Within the framework of German-Indian  
collaboration for production in India of  
up to 150 DORNIER 228s under license,  
our Indian partner completed 10 aircrafts  
from assemblies supplied from Germany  
of the 1990s and a joint project of the  
Federal Republic of Germany, the United  
Defense Technology  
A central aspect of operations in the  
Kingdom, Italy and Spain, with MTU being defense technology sector is work on  
involved in engine development.  
In the aircraft support, maintenance  
reconnaissance and orientation vehicles.  
In addition to the servicing of short-range  
in the year under review (5 in 1987). Dor- and completion sector, activities concen• reconnaissance systems already in oper•  
nier is participating in the Airbus program trated on business jets and aircraft of the ation, this work includes the development  
with the production of various assemblies  
German Air Force - Breguet 1150 Atlan•  
tic, Alpha Jet, DORNIER 128 and 228. We of longer-range systems. Development  
have prepared a new program aimed at  
of the CL 289 reconnaissance drone  
extending the useful life of the Bell UH-1D system, a joint venture with Canadian and  
and preparation for full-scale production  
helicopter. Acting as prime contractor in  
cooperation with international partners,  
Dornier furnishes support and main•  
tenance services for the E-3A airborne  
warning and control system (AWACS).  
French partners, has been largely con•  
cluded; the project now enters the pre-  
production stage. Various components of  
this system were supplied to the Federal  
Armed Forces for testing and training pur•  
poses. Dornier also supplied the Federal  
Armed Forces with comprehensive work•  
shop equipment for the ROLAND air  
defense system. Acting as prime contrac•  
tor, Dornier has conducted negotiations  
with its contracting parties on the  
"Fliegerfaust 2" (STINGER) project and  
continued preparatory work. In the year  
under review, a contract covering  
Dornier's contribution to the project  
was concluded with the purchaser.  
Space Technology  
In the space technology sector, the  
first part payment for the ERS-1 Europe•  
an Remote Sensing Satellite project was  
received and recorded under sales. As  
prime contractor, Dornier is responsible  
for overall development of the satellite.  
An important milestone was reached in  
this program with the successful unfold•  
ing test of the Synthetic Aperture Radar  
antenna (SAR) for remote sensing.  
Part payments for the COLUMBUS space  
station, the ARIANE satellite launcher,  
the HERMES spaceplane and the German  
telecommunications satellite (DFS) have  
also contributed to the vigorous growth  
in sales in the year under review. In the  
COLUMBUS project, Dornier's responsibil•  
ity covers the resource module for the  
orbiting space laboratory; in the year  
under review, orders were received for  
new definitions of the environmental  
control and life support system and the  
resource module.  
Wind tunnel testing  
of a model of the  
DORNIER 328.  
Medical Systems  
Outlook  
In the current business year, the Dor•  
to program for solar research. In the field  
of defense technology, Dornier is expect•  
ing two additional major orders in the  
shape of the general contract for the  
"Fliegerfaust 2" (STINGER) program and  
development of an anti-radar drone.  
The Medical Systems Division is expecting  
a period of consolidation following the  
In 1988, Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH,  
Munich, supplied more than twice as  
many kidney and biliary lithotripters as  
in 1987. Now that the HM3 kidney litho-  
tripter has been replaced by the further  
developed HM4 model and the MPL  
nier Group is expecting a further rise in  
sales and overall performance, especial•  
ly in the aviation and space technology  
sectors. Here, production is concentrat•  
ed on the DORNIER 228 aircraft and  
assemblies for the Airbus. Development  
9
000 biliary lithotripter as well as the  
MFL 5000 multi-functional urological  
workstation have been launched in the  
market, Dornier offers a complete  
range of equipment for the non-surgical  
work on the DORNIER 328 is proceeding big expansion of business volume the  
according to plan. In the JF 90/EFA Eu•  
ropean fighter program we will be carry•  
ing on the design and construction of  
previous year. The proportion of biliary  
lithotripters in medical equipment sales is  
expected to rise further because of grow•  
ing demand especially from the U.S.A.  
removal of kidney stones and gallstones. prototypes begun in 1987. In the field of  
A larger number of MPL 9000 systems  
were supplied in the year under review,  
and the first MFL 5000 systems instal•  
led. At the end of 1988, some 370 Dor•  
nier lithotripters were in use worldwide,  
together providing capacity for the treat•  
ment of some 300,000 patients per year.  
space technology, Dornier is preparing for  
being awarded additional work packages.  
In this context, outstanding significance  
is attached to the scientific CLUSTER/Sot-  
Research and development among  
other things centered on innovative  
methods which are to open up new  
therapeutical applications of shock wave  
technology.  
New Corporate Structure  
The Dornier Division has been given a  
new structure effective January 1,1989.  
This has prepared the ground for better  
meeting the challenges of the aviation  
sector as well as for more efficiently  
utilizing the experience gained in various  
sectors of space and defense technol•  
ogy. At the end of 1988, Dornier Repara-  
turwerft GmbH was renamed Dornier Luft-  
fahrt GmbH. At the beginning of 1989,  
the aviation activities of Dornier GmbH  
were incorporated in Dornier Luftfahrt  
GmbH. Thus, all aviation-related activities  
of the Dornier Group are comprised in  
this subsidiary. At the beginning of 1989  
and effective as from July 1,1988, Dornier  
System GmbH was integrated in Dornier  
GmbH, the latter now being responsible  
for the space technology, defense tech•  
nology and special markets sectors. Dor•  
nier Medizintechnik GmbH has not been  
affected by the restructuring process.  
Zeolite-coated ceramic  
particulate trap for  
passenger car diesel  
engines.  
Motoren- und Turbinen-Union  
Further Growth in Sales  
In the year under review, business  
once again developed gratifyingly for the servicing of aircraft from all the major  
of production capacity, MTU is involved  
in the development, production and  
and employment was also rendered by  
the supply of series 396 engines for  
heavy-duty earth-moving equipment in ful•  
filment of an order awarded by the So•  
viet Union in 1986. Despite increasingly  
fierce international competition in diesel  
engine manufacture, MTU Friedrichs•  
hafen has succeeded in retaining, and in  
some sectors even expanding, its market  
position and employment level.  
On an international scale, the trend to•  
wards concentration in the diesel engine  
industry continued due to still existing  
excess capacity. MTU Friedrichshafen and  
MAN B&W Diesel GmbH, Augsburg, have  
acquired equal shares of a 51% holding  
in the French engine manufacturer  
MTU Group whose main fields of activity  
aero-engines, high-performance diesel  
power categories, the emphasis in  
development and production being on  
-
engines and turbomachinery - are strong• sophisticated assemblies such as high  
ly oriented towards the international  
market. Sales increased by 8.5% to  
DM 3.3 billion; of this, 60.9% (59.1% in  
and low-pressure turbines and high-  
pressure compressors.  
In the year under review, two import•  
ant decisions were taken at the political  
level in favor of new developments which  
have far-reaching significance for MTU.  
These are the "Jäger 90" European  
fighter plane with its EJ 200 engine and  
1987) was accounted for by foreign  
business. The 78% jump in incoming  
orders to DM 4.8 billion comprises not  
only orders from the civil aviation sector,  
but also a long-running development  
order for the "Jager 90" fighter's EJ 200 the engine for the Franco-German  
engine. The order backlog of DM 6.1 bil•  
lion (DM 4.6 billion in 1987) secures  
PAH-2/HAC helicopter.  
employment until into 1990 and, in some Diesel engines  
S.E.M.T. Pielstick; this enables MTU Fried•  
richshafen not only to tap the potential  
sectors, far beyond that. Production  
MTU Friedrichshafen, offering a wide  
capacity of the MTU companies was fully range of high-speed diesel engines with  
utilized in 1988, requiring three-shift work output ratings between 30 kW (40 hp)  
in some sectors. Employment, at 17,267, and 7,400 kW (10,000 hp) for ships,  
changed insignificantly.  
heavy-duty vehicles, rail-bound vehicles,  
generators and other equipment, can  
Once again, MTU invested considera•  
ble sums in modern production systems, once again look back on a year of good  
the development of new products and ad• business in the sector of ship propulsion  
apting technical facilities and processes  
to planned changes in the structure of  
the range. A total of DM 445 million  
systems. A major contribution to sales  
(DM 435 million in 1987) was spent on  
research and development, DM 244 mil•  
lion (DM 192 million in 1987) of this being  
accounted for by externally commissioned  
development orders. Investments in  
fixed assets, totaling DM 217 million  
(DM 237 million in 1987), again exceeded  
depreciation.  
RB 199 engines for  
the Tornado are  
assembled in vertical  
position. Hydraulic lift  
platforms allow work•  
ing at the ergonom-  
ically favorable level.  
Aero-engines  
Business volume in the aero-engine  
sector again increased in 1988. In devel•  
opment and production, MTU Munich  
has for years been successfully collabo•  
rating with leading European and trans•  
atlantic manufacturers. In the military sec•  
tor, MTU bears overall responsibility for  
all jointly produced aero-engines which  
are supplied to German purchasers. In  
the sector of commercial aircraft engines,  
which by now account for more than half  
Connecting of  
measuring cables to a  
test engine.  
of the French market more effectively but Outlook  
rate will continue to be a crucial factor  
for the trend in sales and revenue, espe•  
cially since the sales markets in the dol•  
lar area are growing in importance and  
major competitors and partners are  
producing and selling in these countries.  
Another factor of uncertainty continues to  
be presented by the question of whether  
the newly industrializing countries, in par•  
also to more effectively serve the sales  
areas to be reached via France.  
Due to the large backlog of orders in  
the aero-engine sector, the MTU Group  
can expect its positive development to  
continue in the next few years. Business  
in the other areas will depend on the  
extent to which existing market positions  
can be maintained and new market seg•  
ments penetrated. Cooperation with for•  
Research and development activities  
were aimed at improving the operating  
characteristics and service life of MTU  
diesel engines. We have also developed  
and tested new diesel engines.  
Aero-engine Maintenance  
eign partners in the diesel engine sector, ticular, will resume the ability to finance  
MTU Maintenance GmbH in Langen-  
the high quality of MTU products and the  
their planned infrastructure projects.  
hagen, near Hanover, specializing on the efficiency of its employees provide an ex•  
For 1989, MTU expects a further rise  
servicing and repair of large engines and cellent basis for this. The dollar exchange in sales, with full capacity utilization and  
engine components, again increased sales  
in 1988, its capacity being fully utilized.  
In 1989, the maintenance and overhaul  
program will be extended to include  
additional types of engine.  
a high level of employment.  
Turbochargers, Fans/Compressors,  
Steam Turbines  
In the year under review, Aktiengesell-  
schaft Kühnle, Kopp & Kausch, Franken-  
thal, against strong competition again  
succeeded in increasing its sales of  
exhaust-gas turbochargers for vehicle  
engines. However, the 3.5% rise in  
sales was mainly accounted for by the  
business with fans for installation in  
desulphurization systems in coal-fired  
power plants.  
L'Orange and Other MTU Companies  
As a specialized manufacturer of  
injection pumps for large diesel engines,  
whose business is crucially dependent on  
the demand from the West European die•  
sel engine industry, L'Orange GmbH, Stutt•  
gart, successfully maintained its position,  
again recording increases in production  
and sales. Incoming orders rose by  
3
1 % to DM 46.1 million.  
Overall, operations of the other domes•  
tic and foreign companies of the MTU  
Group, chiefly involved in the sales and  
servicing of MTU products and EDP  
services, were again gratifying.  
On this 17-stage axial  
compressor rotor of  
an aero-engine, the tip  
clearance of every  
blade is measured and  
documented.  
Hier gab es ein Produkt- oder Stimmungsbild ohne Text oder Zahlen.  
Es wurde in der PDF-Datei weggelassen, um eine nutzerfreundliche Dateigröße zu erreichen.  
Here was a product or mood picture without text or figures.  
It was omitted in the pdffile to improve the usability of the file size.  
Research and Technology  
Cooperation within the Group  
Intensified  
research program DENT is designed to  
identify the development potential of tech• for New Materials Technologies  
nology to this end. This involves not on•  
In our synergy program (SYNWERK)  
ly identifying the opportunities offered by we gathered all the activities throughout  
new technologies and ways of creating  
innovative products, but also the degree  
of acceptance to be expected in society  
as a whole.  
Synergy Program  
The tasks facing the central division  
of Research and Technology in 1988  
mainly involved concentrating knowledge  
and experience spread throughout the  
Group into joint projects and developing  
research strategies. The aim of this is to  
derive more effective benefit from the  
know-how within the Group, and help  
mesh different areas together. In the  
course of these activities we devised the  
research programs dealing with electro-  
traction, information technology and the  
the Group concerning materials technol•  
ogy during the course of the year and  
worked out a concept for concentrating  
materials developments in what are  
known as "Centers of Competence". The  
collaboration introduced throughout the  
Group in the meantime in the fields of  
plastics, ceramics, fibre-reinforced  
carbons, new metal materials, surface  
technology and function materials has in•  
dicated a comprehensive package of pos•  
sible uses. We are working on a program  
for high temperature super-conductors,  
which is due to be incorporated into a  
Development of  
Resource-Conserving Technology  
Our chances of success in the market•  
place with new products will increas•  
ingly depend on how well we master,  
application of electronics in vehicles and apply and utilize technologies that save  
traffic systems (TRAFFONIC). Both within energy and raw materials, and on  
our traditional areas of activity in auto•  
motive engineering and in the new and  
expanded fields of business, we initiated  
synergetic projects for the development  
and application of new technologies.  
In order to intensify technological coop•  
eration with research facilities in Japan,  
we set up a special office attached to  
Mercedes-Benz Japan in 1988. We plan  
to be involved in Japanese programs on  
protecting health and the environment.  
For this reason, our work is concentra•  
ted, among other things, on new energy, joint project with other companies.  
material and information technologies,  
including electronics and information  
processing.  
A long-term, Group-wide program cen•  
ters around exploiting solar and hydro•  
gen technology, wind-generated power  
and the development and marketing of  
traffic systems and in the MITI programs integrated systems.  
concerned with high-temperature super•  
conductors and ceramics.  
Our large-scale experiment in Berlin,  
which involved powering standard  
Mercedes-Benz vehicles by hydrogen  
Researching Technological Potential drive, was concluded successfully. New  
Growing international competition in  
the high-technology sector necessitates  
projects using hydrogen energy in vehi•  
cles are in preparation. In cooperation  
new methods and instruments for asses• with a number of Canadian and Norwe•  
sing technologies and therefore the  
future chances of certain products. The  
gian institutions, we aim to convert ex•  
cess hydro-electric energy into hydrogen,  
transport the latter to Germany via tank•  
ers and then use it to power bus fleets,  
for instance.  
Work on the projects of Hot Elly (which  
uses superheated steam electrolysis to  
produce hydrogen), the Darrieus wind  
generator, the solar roof for motor  
vehicles and a number of solar energy  
systems was continued. A photovoltaic  
generator, a wind generator and a biogas  
system (MOEWE) were installed to form  
a regenerative power supply system in  
Burg on the island of Fehmarn; the  
foundation stone was laid in mid-1988.  
The crystalline  
structure of a shape  
memory alloy  
(magnified by 270:1).  
The possibilities of  
using alloys which can  
"
remember" their ori•  
ginal form are being  
researched.  
For example: spiral  
springs.  
Information Technologies  
and Electronics  
The evaluations and analyses, commis•  
We would like to apply the results  
obtained in the PROMETHEUS project in  
Daimler-Benz Group products using the  
Transfer of Research  
Within the Group  
Technology and innovations in  
sioned by the Federal Ministry for Research synergy program TRAFFONIC (Traffic and research are converted into the appro•  
and Technology concerning progress  
made in traffic engineering within the  
PROMETHEUS project, have already pro• and navigation, mobile telecommunica•  
vided important results. The possibility tions, system control technology and  
exists of practically eliminating accidents traffic recording and control systems.  
in traffic, and increasing environmental  
compatibility, efficiency and economy of  
road transport with respect to the pres•  
ent situation by up to 20% in each case.  
Electronics). TRAFFONIC projects also  
concern mobile satellite communication  
priate projects via transfer programs with  
the company divisions. Important trans•  
fer work in 1988 concerned in particular  
the fields of:  
Active vehicle safety. Here we present•  
ed active suspension and cybernetic  
The program DRIVE (Dedicated Road  
Infrastructure for Vehicle safety in Europe) rear-axle steering to the public within the  
has been designed by the European  
Community with the aim of creating a  
car safety workshop.  
Engines, motor racing. We applied new  
materials, supercharging and electronic  
systems for engines in our 5-liter V8  
standard production engine. They enabled  
fuel consumption to be lowered and  
output to be further improved. The  
engine is successfully used in motor racing  
Daimler-Benz's research within this pro• uniformly shaped traffic infrastructure for  
gram concentrates on fully recording all  
information important for safe driving  
through the use of "intelligent" sensors.  
This includes obstacle recognition, regis• THEUS both management of the project  
tering all other elements of traffic and  
their movements, the road's line of  
direction and condition as well as early  
recognition of disruptive influences such  
as crosswind. The work on traffic manage•  
ment systems for improving the quality  
of road transport and for increasing its  
efficiency began in 1988 with participa•  
tion in the LISB project (a traffic man•  
agement and information system based  
Europe - the "intelligent" road. The EC  
Commission has given the companies  
and institutes participating in PROME•  
and also the task of developing elabo•  
rate solutions, for example management  
and information systems for individual  
traffic and goods transport  
(Group C).  
Our participation in the research insti•  
tute for application-orientated knowledge  
processing in Ulm, which is concerned,  
amongst other things, with artificial intel•  
ligence, is also part of this technological  
framework. The construction plans for  
in Berlin) and with new digital road maps the Daimler-Benz Institute in the research  
for computer-controlled destination  
city of Ulm are almost complete.  
guidance systems.  
The research project  
on computer vision  
for comprehensive  
recognition of the  
traffic situation  
combines conventional  
control technology  
with the new methods  
of symbolic imfor-  
mation processing  
The C 11 Sauber-  
Mercedes: the com•  
puter graph shows  
the structure of the  
new racing sports  
prototype in Group C  
with CFC monocoque,  
further developed  
wheel suspension  
and improved  
(
artificial intelligence).  
aerodynamics.  
Service. The MB-CASE project (infor•  
mation and diagnostic system for vehi•  
cle service) has been continued, jointly  
Computer-Aided  
Research and Development  
In the electronics measurement centre,  
Information  
as a Competitive Factor  
Rapid information on all management  
working with the Passenger Car and Com• electronics modules are simulated in the levels is becoming an increasingly impor•  
mercial Vehicle Divisions. This system is  
due to come into operation at the  
beginning of the 1990s.  
computer and then converted into hard• tant competitive factor in addition to  
ware when the desired function has defin• product, price and service.  
itely been confirmed. This reduces expend•  
Data on one's own products and those  
Traffic. The 0-Bahn and MB Assistant  
projects have been transferred to the  
Commercial Vehicle Division. In the larg•  
iture, accelerates many stages of work and of competitors can be called up with  
shortens development times.  
MAPIS, the marketing, planning and in•  
Use of electronic data processing in the formation system. The latest information  
est traffic consultancy project at present, latest design processes sequences pre•  
on sales, prices and production, and  
also overall economic data, currencies,  
China, which involves German-Chinese  
collaboration, the development of road  
supposes that the component geometry  
can be described mathematically. Due to market forecasts and the company's own  
transport and the automotive industry in a newly developed process, empirically  
sales plans are always available in tables  
and graphs.  
China are to be analyzed, and future  
calculated surfaces can now be transfer•  
red to a CAD model. Conversely, it can  
models formulated.  
Investigating the effects of technology. also calculate deviations in a work piece  
The key subjects in this field of work were which has been manufactured using CAD  
research in the field of diesel emissions  
and research on recycling plastic parts  
specified geometry. All conceivable pos•  
sibilities are available for designing on the  
in vehicles. Comprehensive research pro• screen.  
grams on both subjects were commenced  
with other vehicle manufacturers (within  
the framework of FAT, the research group  
for automotive technology) and the sec•  
tors of industry concerned (the plastics,  
steel and shredder industries).  
Holographically  
measured deforma•  
tions, due to the  
internal pressure in  
the combustion  
chamber of a 4-valve  
cylinder head.  
Milling pathways for  
NC manufacture of a  
turbocharger-turbine  
wheel: the turbine  
wheels are developed  
via a closed data  
transfer, which extends  
from the aerodynamic  
design right up to  
manufacture.  
An ethanol drop chain  
with burning steam  
cladding. Taken from  
the basic study on  
reducing the formation  
of pollutants in a  
diesel engine.  
Employees  
Personnel Policy in the Light of  
Keener International Competition  
Against a background of increasing  
globalization of markets, faster technol•  
ogical change and greater international  
cooperation, jobs in an internationally  
operating company like Daimler-Benz  
can only be secured in the long term if  
personnel costs and productivity are in  
economically sensible relation to one  
another. To continue being able to  
manufacture successfully in the Federal  
production systems. We have also  
devoted even more time and resources  
towards adapting the training and quali•  
agreements were reached which reflect•  
ed an acceptable balance between the  
interests of the employees and those of  
fications of our employees to the chang• the company.  
ing demands of work. In the next few  
years, too, we will be devoting special at• Development of Employment and  
tention to the aspects of cost limitation  
and employee training and qualifications.  
Employee Structure  
At the end of 1988, the Daimler-Benz  
Group employed 338,749 people  
worldwide (as compared to 326,288 in  
the previous year), of whom 268,277  
worked in domestic plants and facilities  
Constructive Cooperation with  
Employees' Representatives  
Cooperation with the general labor  
Republic of Germany, we are intensifying council at the corporate level and the in• (1988: 262,658).  
our efforts on the personnel side as well  
dividual labor councils at the local levels,  
as to create appropriate conditions for this. as well as with the committees repre•  
During the year under review, the  
workforce of Daimler-Benz AG alone rose  
by 1,343 to 170,577 employees. The  
employment-securing practice of tempo•  
rarily reassigning employees proved suc•  
cessful last year, too. This short-term bal•  
ancing of employment between individu•  
al domestic plants allowed us to react  
flexibly to fluctuations in the production  
programs. The costs that this entails,  
however, should not be underestimated.  
AEG employed 89,585 people at the  
end of 1988 (1987: 80,499), of whom  
We are therefore attempting, for instance,  
to counteract further rises in personnel  
costs by introducing such measures as  
worktime models which guarantee bet•  
ter capacity utilization of capital-intensive  
senting our company's senior manageri•  
al staff, continued to be constructive in  
1988. It was distinguished by mutual  
efforts not only to demand rights but  
also to accept duties. As in previous years,  
6
9,844 (1987: 66,092) worked in Ger-  
In the CAD/CAM  
sector especially,  
life-long learning is an  
indispensable invest•  
ment for securing the  
future. In 1988, there  
were more than  
1,000 CAD work  
stations.  
Metal cutting engineer  
In 1988,120 special  
working group meet•  
ings were organized.  
They are gaining  
increasing importance  
for in-company labor  
relations.  
-
one of many  
technical vocations  
attracting a lot of  
female trainees.  
many. This rise was above all due to the develop their opportunities. In addition,  
598). The legally prescribed employment  
quota of 6% could not be reached,  
schemes which give our male and female as many of our severely handicapped  
employees even more liberty with respect employees took advantage of the early  
first-time inclusion of TELEFUNKEN elec•  
tronic GmbH with a workforce of 6,180.  
Another factor pushing the employment  
we are trying to find new employment  
figures up was the extension of activities to their family life.  
retirement scheme. On top of that, the  
social agencies have adopted stricter  
force stood at 39 years in 1988, and the criteria in determining severe handicaps.  
in the Radio and Radar Systems, Indus•  
trial Systems, Automation Systems and  
Domestic Appliances sectors.  
The average age of the domestic work•  
average time spent in the companies of  
Nevertheless, we once again did not have  
to make a compensatory payment in  
1988, as a considerable number of or•  
ders were awarded to outside workshops  
for the handicapped.  
In the Dornier Group, a total of 9,786 the Group was between 10 and 15 years  
(1987: 9,683) people was employed,  
(Daimler-Benz AG 12.6; AEG 14.3;  
9
,579 (1987: 9,512) of them in Germany. Dornier 10.6; MTU 13.4 years).  
Employment was characterized by the  
varying capacity utilization in the indi•  
vidual plants. In Munich, the workforce  
of Dornier GmbH and Dornier Reparatur-  
Employment  
of the Severely Handicapped  
At year-end, 11,305 severely handi•  
Personnel Expenditure  
In the year under review, the person•  
nel expenditure of Daimler-Benz AG rose  
werft GmbH together fell to 3,791 (1987: capped people were employed by  
,147), particularly due to the non-re•  
4
the Group in Germany (Daimler-Benz AG by .8% to DM 12.3 billion. Effective  
placement of employees who had left the 6,800, AEG 3,625, Dornier 282, MTU  
company as well as to the expiration of  
April 1,1988, wages and salaries were in-  
limited contracts and to the early retire•  
ment schemes. In Friedrichshafen, the  
workforce of Dornier GmbH and Dornier  
System GmbH rose to a total of 5,263  
360,000  
(1987: 4,913). Dornier Medizintechnik  
GmbH increased their staff to 525 peo•  
ple (1987: 452).  
320,000  
The MTU companies employed a total  
of 17,267 people at year-end (1987:  
280,000  
17,284), of whom 16,984 worked in Ger•  
many (1987:16,935). At MTU in Munich,  
the workforce rose to 7,787 people  
(1987: 7,616). The salary-earners account•  
ed for the bulk of the new employees.  
At MTU in Friedrichshafen, the workforce  
dropped to 6,251 (1987: 6,341).  
The proportion of foreign workers to  
the total workforce at domestic plants  
was approximately 10% - with slight var•  
iations between the different corporate  
units.  
The proportion of women to the total  
workforce within the Daimler-Benz Group  
varies greatly, a fact which is primarily  
due to the different manufacturing struc•  
tures: at Daimler-Benz AG, they make up  
1
2%, at AEG 29%, at Dornier 18% and  
at MTU 14%. At the moment, measures  
are being implemented in large sections  
of the Group, in order to make it easier  
for women to start work and to further  
creased by 2.0%, and the average week• monthly wage scheme was introduced,  
Company Pensions  
ly working time was reduced to 37.5  
hours. On April 1,1989, a further reduc•  
tion in working time to 37 hours came  
into force, while wages and salaries rose  
by 2.5%.  
although it is not compulsory for all sites.  
Most of the workers at AEG, too, are paid AG paid a total of DM 240 million to ap•  
on a monthly basis now.  
With increasing reduction in working  
time, it is crucial to optimize the utiliza•  
In the year under review, Daimler-Benz  
proximately 41,000 pensioners, widows  
and children within the framework of the  
company pension system. As provided by  
In the negotiations about a reduction  
in working time, the contracting parties  
in the metal industries agreed upon a  
monthly wage for workers, finally replac• which allows us to launch pilot projects  
ing the traditional pay on an hourly ba•  
tion of complex and capital-intensive pro• the Company Pension Law, the yearly  
duction facilities. For Daimler-Benz AG we expenditure for adjusting the payments  
have concluded a general agreement  
to pensioners and widows who started  
receiving pension benefits from us in  
in order to explore the possibility of more the years 1976,1979,1982 and 1985,  
sis as the customary form of payment in favorable machinery utilization and per•  
the salary-earning sector. In some collec• mit new forms of payment. In this con•  
amounted to DM .4 million. Approxi•  
mately 6,400 employees received one•  
time assistance payments. In order to  
cover future payments, we allocated  
DM 713 million to pension reserves.  
Within the framework of the company  
pension system, AEG paid a total of  
DM 118 million to approximately 39,500  
pensioners, widows and orphans in the  
year under review. At Dornier, the number  
of former employees or their dependents  
receiving old-age and other regular pen•  
sions rose from 1,625 to 1,712. In the  
year under review, those payments  
amounted to DM 8.1 million. At MTU,  
expenditure for 3,110 pensioners, widows  
and orphans stood at DM 7.9 million.  
tive bargaining areas, these agreements  
were adopted on a voluntary basis. At  
Daimler-Benz AG, Dornier and MTU, the  
nection, new forms of work organization  
and planning are tried out on the basis  
of the latest ergonomic findings.  
Added Value Statement of Daimler-Benz AG  
(in millions of DM)  
Special Payments  
The Christmas bonus and special re•  
muneration within Daimler-Benz AG was  
on the same level as in the previous year  
and totaled DM 606.3 million. Dornier  
spent DM 47.0 million and MTU DM 52.8  
million on these items. At AEG, the con•  
tractually agreed and company special  
payments, including bonuses for specific  
lengths of time spent with the company,  
amounted to DM 117 million.  
As laid down in the labor agreement,  
every employee at Daimler-Benz AG  
received DM 52 monthly plus a voluntary  
payment of DM 156 towards the forma•  
tion of private capital. In accordance with  
the 5th Capital Formation Law, employ•  
ees were offered the opportunity to  
effect the purchase of either one or two  
Daimler-Benz AG or Mercedes-Automobil-  
Holding AG shares for a preferential price  
sharing certificates bought at DM 600  
and DM 1,000 - this corresponds to  
over 50% of the workforce entitled to  
the purchase - furnishes proof of the  
lively interest of the employees in this  
form of capital formation.  
Many employees have exploited the  
opportunity to take out company loans  
promoting the acquisition of residential  
property. In 1988, loans totaling DM 64  
million were extended to employees by  
More Early Retirement Contracts  
By the end of 1988, 8,100 employees  
of the Group working in Germany had  
taken advantage of the early retirement  
offer. At Daimler-Benz AG, more than  
60% of the 7,745 vacancies created by  
early retirement since 1985 have been  
re-filled. The scheme thereby achieved  
its main labor market objective, but the  
costs incurred must not be underest•  
imated. With the expiry at the end of  
1988 of the Early Retirement Law and  
the Early Retirement Labor Agreement,  
the early retirement scheme is officially  
and at a reduced tax rate. Each employ•  
ee was also allowed to put DM 312 into  
company debt certificates at an annual  
interest rate of 7%. Last year, a total of  
91,175 employees purchased either one  
or two Daimler-Benz shares and 3,050  
either one or two Mercedes-Automobil-  
Holding shares. Company debt certifi•  
cates were subscribed to by 27,675  
employees.  
AEG, Dornier and MTU also granted  
each employee DM 52 per month for the Daimler-Benz alone for the construction  
formation of personal capital. In addition, or purchase of 2,499 appartments and  
Dornier offered its employees, for the  
second time now, the opportunity to ac•  
quire a share in the company equity by  
subscribing to special long-term dividend  
rights. A total of 4,092 of such profit-  
homes. At Dornier, 339 projects were  
supported with loans totaling DM 2.9 mil• terminated and all agreements made  
lion. MTU granted its employees loans  
worth DM 4 million for the acquisition  
of residential property.  
in this respect are no longer valid.  
Structure of Personnel Expenses - Daimler-Benz AG  
1988  
Preventive Health Care  
training in the field of job safety and the  
Social Advisory Service  
In 1988, the Group employed approxi• consistent work of the safety advisors in  
It is the task of the social advisors to  
assist our employees in the case of per•  
sonal problems such as alcohol addic•  
tion, psychological problems, hardship  
mately 50 full-time company doctors -  
8 at Daimler-Benz AG alone - together  
the individual plants.  
3
In order to offer our staff jobs which  
with a large number of part-time medical challenge their personal capabilities and  
personnel. Their work focused on ren•  
dering first-aid services, carrying out pre•  
ventive check-ups and helping to mini•  
mize health risks at the place of work.  
meet their expectations, we take into con• incurred through no fault of their own,  
sideration a whole variety of social and  
ergonomic aspects as early as the plan•  
ning phase of production facilities.  
difficulties due to serious illness or other  
personal crisis situations. In the plants of  
Daimler-Benz AG, there are 20 qualified  
social advisors.  
New forms of work organization such  
as work in groups facilitate the interplay  
Safety at Work and Job Design  
The number of industrial accidents was between the human being and techno•  
Time Absent Due to Illness  
even further reduced in all sectors of  
the company. At Daimler-Benz AG, the  
number of industrial accidents per one  
million productive man-hours stood at 57  
logy.  
Compared to the previous business  
Simulation procedures offer the oppor• year, Daimler-Benz AG and MTU register•  
tunity at an early planning stage to  
ed a slight increase in the total absence  
consider personal and ergonomic aspects time due to illness, whereas it was  
(
-3.1%). This success is due to the in•  
to the same extent as technological and  
economic requirements.  
decreasing at Dornier and remained un•  
changed at AEG. In relation to the nomi•  
nal working hours, the average absence  
time amounted to:  
creased commitment of our managerial  
staff and the safety specialists to improve  
In 1988, almost 4,000  
men and women were  
employed in the  
service of safety at  
work, e.g. specialists  
in the field of  
Due to the different workforce and  
managerial structure, a direct compari•  
son between the corporate units is not  
always possible.  
industrial safety - our  
picture shows an  
optician in the  
Suggestions for Improvement  
In the year under review, our employ•  
ees submitted more than 30,000 sug•  
gestions for improvements - 24,000 at  
Daimler-Benz AG, 4,500 at AEG, 500 at  
Dornier and 1,400 at MTU. This partici•  
pation clearly demonstrates how much  
the employees identify themselves with  
the company and the quality of its pro•  
ducts, and the extent to which they care  
about the efficiency of their work.  
A total of DM 8.4 million was paid out in  
bonuses and awards.  
Sindelfingen plant.  
More and more of  
our employees wish  
to select their meals  
individually, with  
an increasing trend  
towards wholesome  
food. In 1988, a total  
of 13 million meals  
were served.  
Vocational Training  
and Further Education  
more qualification measures. The focus  
continues to be on the technological  
discussed and a constructive solution is  
sought for a great variety of job-related  
and personnel questions. On the basis of  
the agreement concluded in 1985 with  
the general labor council, these meetings  
have come to play a crucial role in  
incompany labor relations.  
In Germany, 13,381 young people were changes in the areas of production, de•  
in vocational training at the end of the  
velopment and administration. Group-  
year - 9,805 at Daimler-Benz AG, 3,506 wide, a total of 138,700 employees -  
at AEG, 431 at Dornier and 881 at MTU.  
At Daimler-Benz AG, 2,995 young peo•  
85,000 of whom employed by Daimler-  
Benz AG - took part in further training  
ple began training in 1988 - 2,354 in 39 courses.  
technical trades and 641 in 11 business  
During the past two years, our efforts  
Thanks to Our Workforce  
vocations. Of the 2,832 trainees and ap• were directed especially towards promot•  
We would like to express to all our em•  
ployees and their representatives in the  
various labor councils and committees  
prentices who finished their training in  
ing further education among wage-  
1988, 2,021 from the technical and 509  
earners. In this connection, comprehen•  
from the commercial sector were given  
employment by Daimler-Benz AG.  
In addition, a large number of stu•  
dents were given the opportunity to gain workers participated in these additional  
vocational experience during a practical  
qualification period.  
sive pilot projects were carried out in the and the committees representing the  
Daimler-Benz plants of Untertürkheim,  
Mannheim and Worth. More than 3,400  
group's senior managerial staff our  
thanks for their commitment and hard  
work. Cooperative effort and mutual  
understanding helped to make 1988 an•  
training courses.  
In the special working groups, the pro• other successful business year, despite  
Our investment in the vocational  
blems arising in the different areas are  
the more difficult general conditions.  
training sector focused on the extension  
of NC technology, control technology  
and CAD. It is our aim to acquaint the  
trainees as closely as possible with the  
qualitative requirements of the modern  
production equipment.  
In the year under review, an integrat•  
ed training program was initiated by  
Daimler-Benz AG and AEG. Within the  
framework of this system, young people  
of both companies are trained as elec•  
tronic technicians for energy plants in the  
Bad Homburg plant of Daimler-Benz AG.  
Our further training program was com•  
prehensively extended to comprise even  
In 1988, the training  
centre of Haus  
Lammerbuckel on the  
Schwabische (Swabian)  
Alb was extended by  
the building at top left  
of the picture. Last  
year, over 600 training  
courses were held,  
with a total of  
11,000 participants.  
The auditorium  
fitted with the most  
up-to-date media  
technology in the  
annex of Haus  
Lammerbuckel.  
Here, meetings with  
up to 400 people  
can be held.  
Finance  
56 |  
Consolidated Net Income  
About Equal to Previous Year  
Consolidated sales revenue increased  
disproportionately by 11.7%. Its share of  
total output increased from 48.8% to  
49.8% even though price changes were  
again normalized after the restructuring  
of the pension system last year. In terms  
of total output, personnel expenditures  
in 1988 by 8.9% to DM 73.5 billion. The negligible overall. The main reason for the remained unchanged overall. Depreciation  
larger growth of total output ) by 9.5%  
disproportionate increase in cost of  
expenses - including those on leased  
materials were sales declines, on account vehicles, and write-down of financial as•  
of the continuing drop of the dollar  
sets and of securities included in current  
exchange rate, and a shift to the produc• assets - increased noticeably, namely by  
1
to DM 75.6 billion was due to inventory  
increases in connection with the appre•  
ciably higher level of commercial vehicle  
production both at home and abroad.  
Furthermore, in-house produced capital  
equipment increased noticeably on  
account of the strong expansion of the  
vehicle leasing business. In terms of the  
output increase, cost of materials rose  
tion of more material-intensive vehicles.  
The continuing growth in personnel  
expenditures, by DM 1.7 billion, was due  
to collective bargaining wage and salary  
increases and higher total employment.  
Expenditures for old-age pensions have  
29% to DM 4.1 billion, after a tempo•  
rary decline last year. The rising invest•  
ment activities by all divisions will lead  
to higher depreciation charges in the  
coming years.  
In the non-operating area, net interest  
income increased from DM 777 million  
to DM 1,017 million despite declining li•  
quidity. We profitted from the fact that our  
subsidiaries, in countries with high inter•  
est levels, have substantial cash re•  
sources. As in previous years, we have  
again eliminated the inflationary profit  
from interest income in the high-inflation  
countries of Brazil and Argentina. The  
results from ordinary business activities  
fell by DM 100 million to DM 5.2 billion.  
After deducting income taxes, which  
declined by DM 155 million to DM 3.0  
billion, and other taxes, which declined  
by DM 135 million to DM 514 million,  
net income for the Group was DM 1,702  
million (last year DM 1,782 million).  
Expense Structure in Relation to Output of Daimler-Benz AG  
DM 75.6 billion (last year DM 69.1 billion)  
1)  
Total output comprises net sales, changes in inventories and  
in-house manufactured capital equipment  
Unchanged Sound Balance Sheet  
Relationships  
On the other side of the balance sheet,  
stockholder's equity - excluding the  
amount provided for dividend payments  
Provisions which increased DM 1.6  
billion to DM 25.9 billion accounted for  
49.9% of the balance sheet total (last  
The Group's balance sheet total  
increased by DM 5.4 billion to DM 51.9  
billion over last year, on account of the  
strong expansion of business volume.  
Fixed assets (property, plant and equip•  
ment) including leased vehicles rose  
DM 5.1 billion to DM 17.3 billion. Among  
intangible assets, good-will increased  
DM 1.5 billion. This increase is largely  
(unappropriated profit) - rose DM 1.2 bil• year 52.3%). Both non-current assets, net  
lion to DM 10.8 billion. The equity ratio,  
at 20.8% of total assets, remained  
unchanged. The ratio of equity to non-  
current assets declined from 98% to  
79% because of sharply higher non-  
current assets. The inventories of leased  
vehicles, for which finance obligations  
inventories and 22.2% of the remaining  
assets (last year 34.3%) are financed by  
equity and long-and medium-term  
provisions.  
due to the changes in our share holdings totaling DM 3.5 billion have been entered  
in AEG and its new subsidiaries. They  
into, has not been considered in the  
represent primarily acquired know-how in above ratio.  
promising high-tech business fields.  
Fixed assets showed additions of DM 5.1  
billion which were partly due to the first-  
time inclusion in consolidation of new  
subsidiaries. Depreciation and disposals,  
in contrast, amounted to DM 3.2 billion.  
Financial assets increased .4 billion of  
which more than half is accounted for by  
equity investments. On account of the  
special character of the vehicle leasing  
business which, for business reasons,  
should be classified under current as•  
sets rather than fixed assets, we were  
for the first time showing "Leased Vehi•  
cles" separately below the balance  
sheet caption "Financial Assets". The  
change of these balance sheet amounts  
alone amounted to DM 1.4 billion.  
Excluding vehicle leasing, the share  
of non-current assets to total assets in•  
creased from 21.3% to 26.3%. Inven•  
tories amounted to DM 12.9 billion.  
About one-third of which was again  
financed through advance payments  
received from customers. The ratio of  
inventories to total assets declined  
further from 17.1% to 16.1%. Liquid  
assets fell from DM 16.1 billion to  
DM 14.2 billion as a result of the strong  
expansion in other asset categories.  
The liquidity comprising the balance  
sheet captions securities, cash, accounts  
receivable and other assets amounted  
to 27.3% of total assets (last year  
3
4.9%).  
Investments in Fixed Assets  
and Financial Assets Continue  
to be Fully Financed by Cash Flow  
The sharply higher investments in fixed  
assets and the net additions to financial  
assets totaling DM 5.4 billion (DM 3.7  
billion in the prior year) were again fully  
financed through cash flow which amount•  
ed to DM 6.1 billion (DM 6.6 billion in  
the prior year). The amount exceeding  
investments covers the dividend payout  
for the year 1987. The intangible assets of  
DM 1.6 billion, acquired in 1988, and the  
net increase in inventories are contrast•  
ed by a decline in liquid funds. The in•  
ventory increase by DM 1.4 billion in  
leased vehicles is connected with the in•  
crease of outside borrowings. The strong  
expansion of the other items on the  
asset side of the balance sheet matches  
the decline in receivables and, on the  
liability side, the increased short-term  
liabilities.  
Financing Principles  
Liquid assets - DM 14.2 billion  
(DM 16.1 billion in prior year) - are  
invested with the objective of the com•  
pany being able to meet all its opera•  
tional requirements on a short-term ba•  
sis. The investment in securities is done  
with an eye to maturities, and dovetails,  
therefore, with our medium-term finance  
plan. The resulting portfolio for our do•  
mestic companies analogously consists  
of fixed-interest bearing securities of first-  
class borrowers with an average portfolio  
life of two to three years.  
It is a matter of policy of the Group  
that strategic fiscal decisions are made  
centrally, while operational financial meas•  
ures are made on a decentralized basis.  
This concept has proven itself of value  
especially for our foreign operations,  
since it allows us to take into considera•  
tion the many characteristics and oppor•  
tunities of the various capital markets.  
We try to mitigate and limit the cur•  
rency exposures inherent in the ongoing  
delivery programs to the foreign opera-  
tions by a consistent corporate currency  
hedging policy. It is our general strategy, of the Leasing and  
depending on exchange rate develop•  
ments for risk-prone currencies, and vary•  
ing from country to country, to hedge  
Continuously Increasing Importance  
The European leasing and finance com•  
panies also continued their growth pat•  
tern. In Italy, Mercedes-Benz Finanziaria  
Finance Companies  
A comprehensive finance offering from continued the branch concept started in  
one source is becoming more and more 1987 by establishing five new branches.  
about one half of the delivery volume for important as an effective instrument for  
Largely through this instrument, which is  
the next six to twelve months.  
safeguarding and promoting sales in all  
geared more to customer proximity, was  
markets. Because the strength of the pro• the company able to increase sales vol•  
Sales and Project Financing  
Taking care of our customers when  
ducer not only consists in making avail•  
able a competitive financial offering but  
questions of financing arise - particularly also in the individual reconciliation of  
ume by one-third to DM 500 million. The  
Dutch leasing company, in its second  
year, is already offering all the financing  
when larger projects are involved - re•  
quires more and more individual solutions  
even in industrialized countries. The sales  
trend in emerging and developing coun•  
tries show a gratifying trend reversal par•  
ticularly on account of the resurgence in  
business volume in the Near East. Cur•  
rency hedging in connection therewith  
was costly.  
Traditionally, we endeavor to hedge to  
a large extent the risks inherent in the  
export business. We have continued this  
policy during the year under review.  
The difficult financial situation of nu•  
product-related requirements and financ• methods customary in the market-place.  
ing alternatives. Additional important ben•  
efits of a producer-related financing are  
the customer-related, uncomplicated and  
speedy processing. Moreover, company-  
Mercedes-Benz Credit AG, Switzerland,  
which is mainly active in leasing, in•  
creased its business by 35%. Our joint  
venture with Societe Generale was con•  
owned leasing and finance companies are verted into an independent company  
able to make an individual contribution  
to achieve sales-strategic goals through  
specific financing concepts.  
under the make of Mercedes-Benz Finan-  
cement, and has continued its success  
in the French market. In Spain, the joint  
venture with Banco Hispano Americano  
founded in 1987 has shown a gratifying  
trend already in its first year of opera•  
tions.  
In important countries, we have at our  
disposal instruments which offer all cur•  
rent forms of financing, particularly also  
fullservice-programs, and which thus con•  
siderably enhance our competitive capa•  
merous countries in the Third World con• bilities. We were thus able to increasingly  
fronted us again with unfavorable condi•  
tions. The dependence of these markets  
on foreign assistance payments contin•  
ued unabated. Nevertheless in most  
meet the trend towards more individual•  
ity in leasing and finance offerings.  
Following the dynamic development of  
the previous years, we have expanded the  
cases we were able to meet the increas• new business of our leasing and financ•  
ingly more complex financing needs of  
ing companies by 40% to DM 4.7 bil•  
our customers and our domestic and for• lion. More than two-thirds thereof pertain  
eign production centers in international  
financial markets, often with the help of  
our partners.  
to cars. The number of contracts on hand  
rose by 60% to DM 7.6 billion. They per•  
tain to 165,000 vehicles of which half  
were either leased or financed by us.  
The car leasing business of our U.S.  
company Mercedes-Benz Credit Corpora•  
tion has had particularly strong growth.  
In 1988, this finance company financed  
every third Mercedes car sold by our  
dealers, and has thus contributed  
significantly to the stabilization of our  
passenger car sales in North America.  
With respect to commercial vehicles,  
our U.S. company was able to increase  
new vehicle sales by 35%. Total sales  
volume of the company amounted to  
DM 3.8 billion as compared to  
DM 2.3 billion in the previous year.  
Key Figures of Major Subsidiaries of Daimler-Benz AG  
In Germany at the middle of the year,  
The increased business volume of our  
Mercedes-Benz Finanz GmbH commenced leasing and finance companies were  
business as planned and was instantly  
able to obtain a remarkable share of all  
financed Mercedes-Benz vehicles. After  
the merger of Mercedes-Benz Leasing  
largely financed through borrowings.  
Already last year, we availed ourselves  
of the opportunity to refinance not only  
locally but also via international money  
GmbH into Mercedes-Benz Finanz GmbH, and capital markets at first rate condi•  
and through joint action in the market•  
tions. This has increased our compe•  
place under the product name "Mercedes- titiveness further. During the reporting  
Benz Lease Finanz", the Group was able  
year, Mercedes-Benz Credit Corp.,  
to achieve above-average growth already U.S.A., has successfully issued Eurobonds  
in the first year. Consolidated business  
volume was increased by 50% to  
DM 1.2 billion.  
totaling $ 250 million.  
*
We believe that our leasing and financ•  
ing companies will be able to continue  
their positive trend also in 1989.  
Our business policies at home and  
abroad were again in 1988 in conformity  
with the "OECD guidelines for interna•  
tional enterprises".  
Employment of Capital  
and Refinancing of Wholly-Owned  
Leasing and Finance Companies  
Providing our leasing and finance com•  
panies with equity capital is done accord•  
ing to local custom. The ratio of equity  
capital to total capitalization is notice•  
ably below the level required for manufac•  
turing and distribution companies.  
Despite the favorable trend during the  
last years and the above-average growth  
of the companies, we were able to keep  
additional equity capital financing by  
the Group within narrow boundaries. We  
make sure in each case that our leasing  
and finance activities yield a reasonable  
return on investment.  
Principal Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies of Daimler-Benz AG  
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Financial Statements  
Consolidated Balance Sheet  
Consolidated Statement of Income  
Balance Sheet of Daimler-Benz AG  
Statement of Income of Daimler-Benz AG  
Consolidated Non-Current Assets  
1) including carry-forward amounts of companies consolidated for the first time.  
Non-Current Assets of Daimler-Benz AG  
Supplemental Information for Group and for Daimler-Benz AG  
Accounting Principles and Methods  
The consolidated financial statements  
have voluntarily been prepared since  
Scheduled depreciation allowances at  
Daimler-Benz AG were calculated, gener•  
tax law. Reasonable deductions are made  
for inherent inventory risks, e.g. for  
1987 in accordance with the regulations  
ally using the following useful lives: 17 to reduced usability after prolonged storage  
set forth in the Accounting Standards Act. 25 years for buildings, 10 to 17 years for or after design changes.  
The summarized balance sheet and  
the statement of income captions are  
shown separately in the appendix. Devi•  
ating from last year, we have separately  
shown leased vehicles both in the con•  
site improvements, 3 to 10 years for  
technical equipment and machinery, 2 to  
10 years for other factory and office  
equipment. Facilities used for multishift  
Receivables - if non-interest bearing  
- are reduced to their present value at  
the balance sheet date, and are valued  
taking into account all known risks.  
operations were depreciated using corre• A lump-sum allowance for doubtful  
solidated balance sheet and in the state• spondingly lower useful lives. Deprecia•  
accounts on a country-specific scale of  
1% to 10% is deducted from the receiva•  
bles in recognition of the general credit  
risk inherent in receivables.  
ment of non-current assets, recognizing  
the growing importance of the leasing  
business.  
tion allowances at subsidiaries were  
sometimes based on longer useful lives.  
Movable property with a useful life of  
four years or more is depreciated using  
Treasury stock is valued at the pro•  
Accounting Standards and  
Valuation Methods  
Accounting standards and valuation  
methods were unchanged from last year.  
the declining-balance method. We change spective issue price to employees.  
from the declining-balance method to the  
straightline method of calculating depre•  
ciation when the equal distribution of the  
Securities are valued at the lower of  
cost or market.  
Provisions for old-age pensions and  
similar obligations in the Daimler-Benz AG  
Assets and liabilities presented in the con• remaining net book value over the re•  
solidated balance sheet were uniformly  
valued in accordance with the methods  
used by Daimler-Benz AG.  
Intangible Assets are valued at acqui•  
sition costs, fixed assets at acquisition  
maining useful life leads to higher depre• andintheconsolidatedfinancialstatements,  
ciation amounts. Assets of little value are respectively, are actuarially determined  
expensed in the year of acquisition.  
on the basis of an interest rate assump•  
tion of 3.5% using the Entry Age Actuar•  
ial Cost Method. We have included in our  
calculations of current pension expenses  
all eligible employees, taking into account  
company-specific-fluctuation probabilities  
(actuarial gains/losses). Pension accrual  
starts with entry age and ends with  
expected age of retirement.  
Investments in consolidated subsid•  
iaries, at cost and investments in affili•  
costs or self-construction costs. The self- ated companies, at cost are valued  
constructed facilities include direct labor, according to the lower-of-cost-or-market  
direct materials and applicable manufac• principle; interest-free or low interest  
turing overhead.  
long-term receivables are shown at their  
present value.  
The acquisition costs or self-con•  
struction costs, respectively, are reduc•  
ed by investment tax credits earned and  
then depreciated. The opportunities for  
special tax-deductible depreciation al•  
lowances were fully utilized, i. e. in con•  
nection with Section 7d of the Income  
Tax Act and Section 82d of the Income  
The major investments in affiliated  
companies, at equity, as shown in the  
Provisions for taxes and other provi•  
consolidated balance sheet, are increased sions are determined on the basis of fair  
or decreased by the company's propor•  
tionate share of earnings, losses and  
dividends (equity method).  
and reasonable business judgment. The  
obligations in the personnel and social  
area are reflected in the financial state•  
ments at non-discounted values expect•  
ed to be paid in the future, or propor•  
tionately as benefits are vested.  
Liabilities are shown at their repayment  
amount.  
Raw materials, manufacturing supplies  
Tax Regulation (environmental protection, and goods purchased for resale are  
and research and development invest•  
valued at the lower of cost or market.  
ments), Section 14 of the Berlin Develop• Manufactured goods at Daimler-Benz are  
ment Law, Section 3 of the Zone Border  
valued at manufacturing costs which  
Area Development Law, Section 6b of the include direct materials, direct labor and  
Income Tax Act and Paragraph 35 of the applicable manufacturing overhead. At  
Income Tax Guidelines.  
subsidiaries, manufactured goods from  
large-scale production are also valued  
at manufacturing costs; the remaining  
manufactured goods are valued at  
manufacturing costs as prescribed by  
Companies Included in  
Consolidation  
Principles of Consolidation  
Currency Translation  
Capital consolidation was effected  
Foreign currency receivables are trans•  
lated in the financial statements of  
Daimler-Benz AG at the bid price on the  
The consolidated financial statements according to the "book value method"  
basically include - apart from Daimler-  
Benz AG - all domestic and foreign  
subsidiaries.  
Not included are 14 domestic and 66  
foreign subsidiaries, whose effect on the  
consolidated financial statements is not  
material, and 11 companies administer•  
ing pension (provident) funds whose  
assets are solely used for pension  
purposes.  
The companies included in consolida•  
tion encompass - apart from Daimler-  
Benz AG - 90 domestic and 205 foreign  
subsidiaries. A complete listing of our  
ownership interests will be deposited with  
where the parent's acquisition costs are  
eliminated against the relevant share capi• day they are recorded or at spot rate on  
tal and retained earnings at the time of  
acquisition or first-time inclusion in con•  
solidation. The difference resulting from  
this elimination (goodwill) for 1988 addi•  
tions is shown under intangible assets.  
Profits earned by subsidiaries after  
date of acquisition are added to consoli• are translated to D-marks on the basis  
dated retained earnings. The unappro•  
priated profit as shown in the financial  
the balance sheet date if lower; foreign  
currency payables are translated at the  
asked price on the day they are recor•  
ded or the spot rate on the balance sheet  
date if higher.  
The accounts of all foreign subsidiaries  
of historical exchange rates for noncur-  
rent assets, and at year-end exchange  
statements of Daimler-Benz AG and in the rates for current assets, borrowed capi•  
consolidated financial statements is thus tal and unappropriated profit. Stockhol•  
the same.  
ders' equity in D-marks is the remaining  
difference between translated assets less  
translated liabilities and unappropriated  
In the consolidated financial state•  
the commercial registry office at the county ments we have included 60 associated  
court in Stuttgart (Dept B No. 173).  
During the year, 35 companies have  
been added to and 13 companies deleted  
from consolidation.  
companies. These will be registered with profit. The difference resulting from the  
the commercial registry office at the  
county court in Stuttgart. Of these,  
42 companies are shown under invest•  
translation of balance sheet items is re•  
corded in consolidated retained earnings.  
The adjustments made in the income  
Comparability with last year's con•  
solidated financial statements was not  
impaired by changes within the Group.  
ments in affiliated companies, at cost less statements by our subsidiaries in Brazil  
write-downs as they are not material to  
for monetary devaluations have been  
the consolidated balance sheet, financial taken into the consolidated income state•  
position and results of operations. The  
remaining 18 associated companies are  
included in consolidation according to  
the equity method.  
ments without change, effectively prevent•  
ing reflection of inflationary profits.  
Expense and income items are trans•  
lated at average exchange rates, items  
Intercompany receivables and payables from inflation-adjusted earning statements  
have been eliminated; the differences  
resulting from debt consolidation have  
been charged to or credited to income.  
All material intercompany profits re•  
of our Argentinian companies at year-end  
exchange rates. If they relate to fixed  
assets (depreciation, profit or loss from  
disposal of fixed assets), they are trans•  
sulting from intercompany sales of goods lated at historical costs. Net income,  
and services have been eliminated. The  
same holds true for sales of goods and  
services by associated companies to  
companies included in consolidation.  
Intercompany sales and other inter•  
company earnings have been eliminated  
against the relevant costs, or reclassified  
to "capitalized in-house output" or  
additions to retained earnings, and  
unappropriated profit are translated at  
year-end rates. The resulting difference  
has been reflected in other operating  
expenses.  
"increase in inventories", respectively.  
Deferred taxes shown in the consoli•  
dated balance sheet result from income-  
affecting consolidation adjustments.  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(
1) Intangible Assets  
( 4) Leased Vehicles  
Intangible assets amounting to DM 1,575 million are inclusive  
of goodwill in the amount of DM 1,496 million resulting mainly  
from the acquisition by AEG of more subsidiaries, and the  
purchase by Daimler-Benz AG of additional shares in AEG  
Aktiengesellschaft, respectively. Shown under this caption,  
moreover, are purchased software, as well as patents and  
similar rights.  
For the first time we are showing leased vehicles separately,  
in order to make the consolidated statements more meaning•  
ful. About three-quarters of the balance sheet amount per•  
tains to Mercedes-Benz Credit Corporation, Norwalk/U.S.A.  
( 5) Inventories  
The increase in inventories by DM 1,121 million to DM 12,923  
million is caused by higher inventories of raw materials and  
manufacturing and maintenance supplies, work in process and  
finished goods at Daimler-Benz AG and its foreign sales sub•  
sidiaries due to expanding business volume; also there was  
an increase of inventories manufactured under long-term  
contracts at Dornier for which progress billing could not as  
yet be made. About one-half of the Group's inventories are  
accounted for by DBAG and its subsidiaries.  
(
2) Fixed Assets  
The DM 1,879 million increase in fixed assets is the result of  
investments totaling DM 5,057 million less disposals and de•  
preciation of DM 3,178 million. About one-half of the balance  
sheet amount pertains to Daimler-Benz AG.  
Depreciation charges solely on the basis of tax regulations  
amounted to DM 187 million; depreciation in excess of sched•  
uled depreciation amounted to DM 92 million.  
(
6) Advance Payments Received  
(
3) Financial Assets  
Advance payments amounting to DM 4,538 million (DM 3,860  
million in the previous year) were received from customers  
almost exclusively for projects and long-term contracts at AEG,  
Dornier and MTU; they were deducted from inventories.  
The increase in equity investment was due primarily to the  
acquisition of shares in Matra S.A., Paris, to the capital stock  
increase at I.D.E.M. Tabriz/Iran, and to the conversion of  
convertible bonds of Tata Engineering and Locomotive Com•  
pany Ltd., Bombay/India.  
(
7) Receivables  
and  
The additions to associated companies totaling DM 149 mil•  
lion pertain, apart from the acquisition by AEG of shares in  
Siliconix Inc., Santa Clara/U.SA, mostly to capital stock in•  
creases and proportionate earnings for the year. The 1988  
acquisition of shares was shown at book value; it comprises a  
goodwill of DM 51 million determined at the time of acquisi•  
tion. Deductions are the result of losses for the year and -  
after the acquisition of the majority ownership by AEG - the  
first-time inclusion in consolidation of TELEFUNKEN electronic  
GmbH, Heilbronn. Also shown here are the conversion-related  
changes of pro rata DM equity capital of foreign companies,  
and the income-affecting elimination of intercompany profits.  
( 8) Other Assets  
1988  
of wh ic h  
maturing  
after  
one year  
in millions !i millioi  
of DM  
in millions  
of DM  
Investments in debt instruments amounting to DM 226 million  
were mostly held by Daimler-Benz AG.  
Unscheduled write-downs of investments in debt instruments,  
long-term receivables and investments in affiliated companies  
amounted to DM 12 million. Debts instruments should have  
been written up by DM 11 million on account of higher bond  
prices. This write-up was not made for tax reasons.  
Other assets include investments of liquid funds in debt  
instruments not traded on stock exchanges. They amount to  
DM 4,997 million (last year DM 5,738 million). Also shown here  
are receivables derived from activities of our finance and  
leasing companies.  
(14) Retained Earnings  
Retained earnings comprise retained earnings allocated under  
statute of DM 160 million, retained earnings allocated for treas•  
ury stock of DM 166 million at Daimler-Benz AG and retained  
earnings allocated from net income of Group companies.  
The amount allocated from net income to retained earnings  
was DM 984 million (DM 1,085 million in the previous year).  
Daimler-Benz AG is holding 449,758 shares of treasury stock  
with a par value of DM 22 million (= 1.1% of total outstanding  
common share capital). Other securities largely pertain to  
interest-bearing debt instruments.  
(15) Minority Interests  
The stock ownership of outside third parties in the net equity  
and unappropriated income/loss of subsidiaries included in  
consolidation pertains mostly to AEG, Mercedes-Benz South  
Africa S.A., Dornier and to MTU. The reduction in the balance  
sheet amount was due to the acquisition of more shares in  
AEG.  
(10) Cash  
Cash amounting to DM 3,179 million consisted of deposits in  
banking institutions, cash on hand, deposits in the Deutsche  
Bundesbank (German Federal Reserve Bank) and in post  
office accounts, and checks on hand.  
(16) Provisions for Old-Age Pensions  
and Similar Obligations  
(
11) Prepaid Expenses and  
The provisions for old-age pensions together with the assets  
of the Provident Funds fully cover the actuarially computed  
pension obligations. The calculation is based on the method  
used by Daimler-Benz AG.  
Deferred Income Taxes  
Deferred income taxes on income-effecting elimination entries  
amounted to DM 960 million. Deferred income taxes - a net  
benefit overall - as shown in the individual balance sheets of  
consolidated companies were not included.  
(
12) Stockholders' Equity  
The provision for taxes included DM 1,193 million (DM 885  
million in the previous year) relating to Daimler-Benz AG for  
open years pending final assessment.  
Apart from existing worldwide warranty obligations, other  
provisions include obligations in the personnel and social area,  
risks for losses inherent in pending business transactions, and  
risks arising from contractual liabilities and pending litigation.  
(13) Capital Stock and Paid-in Capital  
Capital stock and paid-in capital pertain to Daimler-Benz AG.  
Additional provisions exist for expenditures which are based  
on approved projects for change-over, alteration and main•  
tenance, for possible additional costs in connection with  
completed contracts, and for maintenance which had been  
planned for the reporting but which had to be deferred  
until the following year.  
A minimum dividend guaranty in favor of co-owners in two  
subsidiaries and contractual performance guarantees could  
not reasonably be estimated.  
One foreign subsidiary has given customary payment guaran•  
tees within the scope of its sales financing activities.  
Other Financial Commitments  
Obligations arising from rental, land lease and leasing con•  
tracts, in order of maturity, were as follows:  
The other financial commitments, particularly purchase order  
commitments for capital investments, amounted to DM 2,109  
million.  
For companies not included in consolidation, financial commit•  
ments amounted to DM 564 million.  
Financial liabilities included DM 3.5 billion in connection with  
the refinancing of the strongly expanding leasing and sales  
financing activities for cars and commercial vehicles.  
The obligations arising from stock subscriptions and from  
capital subscriptions in "Closed Corporation" (Section 24 of  
the GmbH Act) amounted to DM 2 million.  
Miscellaneous liabilities mostly comprised December accruals  
for wages and salaries as well as tax liabilities.  
We are jointly and severally liable for some non-incorporated  
companies, which have profit and loss pooling agreements with  
controlling entities, and for some joint ventures.  
Liabilities to banking institutions, notes payable, liabilities to  
related and associated companies are secured through  
mortgages or through assignment of receivables totaling  
DM 920 million.  
*
Notes to Consolidated Statement of Income  
When measured against total output of DM 75,637 million  
last year DM 69,061 million), the cost of materials amounted  
to 50% (49% in the previous year).  
(
(
24) Personnel Expenses/Employment 1988  
in millions  
of DM  
in millions  
of DM  
The increased number of employees as well as collective  
bargaining wage and salary increases were the main reasons  
for the higher wages and salaries, and the social benefits.  
(22) Other Operating Income  
Included herein were dissolutions of reserves of DM 635 mil•  
lion (DM 558 million in the previous year) resulting from the  
deletion of potential losses, and the reduction of planned  
capital projects for change-over, alterations and maintenance.  
Further income was derived from foreign exchange profits in  
connection with ongoing purchase and payment transactions,  
The depreciation on fixed assets pertain 50% to Daimler-  
mostly earned abroad, from costs charged to third parties, from Benz AG. The increase of the depreciation on leased vehicles  
tax refunds, from sales revenues of materials and scrap, from  
security sales and from rental income. The lump-sum allow•  
ance for doubtful accounts was reduced by DM 8 million.  
Profits from sale of fixed assets amounted to DM 158 million.  
results from the growing leasing business of the German and  
foreign sales finance companies.  
Write-downs of marketable securities pertain mostly to the  
write-down of teasury stock to the estimated value at which  
they will be issued to employees.  
DM 1,061 million of other operating income is attributable to  
prior years.  
(26) Other Operating Expenses  
(30) Net income  
This caption comprises additions to provisions, maintenance  
expenses, administrative and selling expenses including sales  
commissions, rental and lease expenses, freight out, packag•  
ing, and charges resulting from currency translations of in•  
come statements of foreign subsidiaries. Losses from valua•  
tion adjustments and losses from disposal of fixed and current  
assets amounted to DM 459 million.  
The consolidated net income of DM 1,702 million (DM 1,782  
million in the previous year) has been minimally affected by  
tax depreciation of fixed and current assets. Prospective  
charges to net income will likewise be minimal.  
Other Informations  
Under the assumption that the proposed dividend is ratified  
by the shareholders at the annual meeting on June 28,1989,  
the remunerations paid by the Group companies to the mem•  
bers of the Board of Management and the Supervisory Board  
of Daimler-Benz AG amounted to DM 15,904,758 and  
DM 1,334,103, respectively. Disbursements for former mem•  
bers of the Board of Management of Daimler-Benz AG or their  
survisors totaled DM 7,669,159. Pension obligations to for•  
mer members of the Management Board of Daimler-Benz AG  
or their survisors, amounting to DM 75,454,204 have been  
provided for. As at December 31,1988, advances and loans  
to members of the Board of Management of Daimler-Benz AG  
amounted to DM 401,233; during the year DM 507,145 was  
repaid. Interest averaging 4% was charged on ´such advances  
and loans; the stipulated maturities did not exceed one year.  
DM 121 million of other operating expenses is attributable to  
prior years.  
The favorable interest levels, in countries where investments  
were made, led to higher interest income despite lower liquidity.  
The decline in income taxes at Daimler-Benz AG was largely  
compensated for by higher other tax expenses at foreign  
subsidiaries.  
Notes to Financial Statement of Daimler-Benz AG  
(
31) Intangible Assets  
The rise in inventories was largely due to production increases  
in commercial vehicles, particularly in heavy-duty trucks.  
Intangible assets totaling DM 15 million mostly comprised pur•  
chased EDP-software.  
Tax depreciation, on account of the allowance for imported  
goods pursuant to Section 80 of the Income Tax Regulations,  
amounted to less than DM 1 million.  
(
32) Fixed Assets  
The increase of fixed assets by DM 808 million to DM 5,665  
million was in connection with the augmented capital invest•  
ment activities.  
(
35) Receivables  
and  
36) Other Assets  
(
1988  
of wh ic h  
maturing  
in less than  
one year  
Scheduled depreciation charges amounted to DM 1,662 mil•  
lion, tax depreciation in addition thereto, amounted to DM 91  
million. Unscheduled depreciation for technical equipment,  
no longer in use, totaled DM 6 million.  
in millions in millions  
of DM of DM  
Daimler-Benz has recorded leasehold rights in favor of third  
parties who have built factory and office buildings for our man•  
ufacturing plants and retail branches on land owned by the  
company. As of December 31,1988, there were 16 leasing  
agreements for buildings and improvements; payments for such  
leases amounted to DM 27 million.  
(33) Financial Assets  
Investments in associated and in affiliated companies rose to  
DM 4,845 million. Additions amounting to DM 1,217 million per•  
tained largely to AEG Aktiengesellschaft Berlin and Frankfurt am  
Main, also to capital stock increases at Mercedes-Benz Finanz  
GmbH, Stuttgart and at Daimler-Benz Holding France SA,  
Rocquencourt.  
The increase in receivables from sale of goods and services  
resulted from higher commercial vehicles deliveries to over•  
seas countries.  
Other assets included liquidity investments in non-exchange-  
traded debt instruments in the amount of DM 3,507 million  
(
DM 3,986 million in the previous year). Also included here  
A tabulation of Daimler-Benz AG's stockholders has been re•  
corded in the commercial register at the Stuttgart Courthouse.  
were tax refund claims and interest receivables.  
Investments in debt instrument should have been written up  
by DM 11 million on account of higher market values which were,  
however, not made for tax reasons.  
Unscheduled write-downs of DM 12 million pertained to pre•  
sent value adjustments for interest-free loans to Daimler-Benz  
Employee Home Financing GmbH, Stuttgart.  
For the purpose of issuing shares under the employee stock  
purchase plan and the fulfillment of the management agree•  
ment entered into with AEG, a total of 459,650 common  
shares (with a par value of DM 23 million = 1.1% of total com•  
mon stock) with an average price of DM 654 a share, had been  
purchased during the reporting year; i.e. 273,500 shares in  
February, 143,800 shares in March and 42,350 shares in April.  
In June of 1988,147,803 common shares (with a par value of  
DM 7 million = .3% of total common stock) were sold to our  
employees at a preferential purchase price of DM 283 a share  
(40) Paid-in Capital  
Paid-in capital include the "agio" derived from stock increases  
for cash (net proceeds in excess of par value), less rights  
issues not taken up by shareholders.  
(when purchasing one share) or DM 315 a share (when pur•  
chasing two shares), respectively. In 1988 moreover, 597 Daim•  
ler shares were exchanged for AEG shares in connection with  
the exchange offer to AEG shareholders. As of December 31,  
1988 we held 449,758 common shares (with a par value of  
DM 22 million = 1.1% of total common stock) which had been  
purchased during the reporting year.  
(38) Cash  
Cash consisted of deposits in banking institutions, cash on  
hand, checks on hand, and deposits in the German Federal  
Reserve Bank and in post office accounts.  
(39) Outstanding Share Capital  
1988  
(42) Special Equity Reserve  
The special equity reserve allowed under Section 6b of the  
Income Tax Act and Subsection 35 of the Income Tax Guide•  
lines, as shown in the Dec. 31,1987 balance sheet, was trans•  
ferred during the reporting year to the relevant asset categories.  
Outstanding share capital did not change vs. 1987.  
On July 2,1986, the shareholders approved an authorized share  
capital of DM 500 million. Of this amount, a partial amount of  
DM 176 million was used toward the end of 1986, still leaving  
an amount of DM 324 million which is available until June 30,  
(43) Provisions for Old-Age Pensions and  
Similar Obligations  
1991.  
The direct and indirect pension obligations of Daimler-Benz AG  
According to the information received by us under Section 20,  
Sub-Section 1, of the Company Act, "Deutsche Bank Aktienge•  
sellschaft", Frankfurt am Main, and "Mercedes-Automobil-  
Holding Aktiengesellschaft", Frankfurt am Main, each own more  
than 25% of our capital stock.  
-
actuarially determined on the basis of the pension rules in  
effect since January 1,1987 - are fully funded by the pension  
provisions and the assets of the Daimler-Benz Provident Fund.  
Tax provisions pertained to income tax liabilities for which final  
tax determination letters had not been received, and to the  
income tax portion of the special equity reserve which was  
reclassified in 1987.  
The other provisions mostly take into account our worldwide  
warranty, legal liability and litigation risks, also obligations aris•  
ing in the personnel and social benefit area, and potential losses  
inherent in pending business transactions. Moreover, provi•  
sions were made for maintenance work scheduled for 1988  
but which cannot be carried out until the succeeding year. The  
provisions for change-over, alteration and maintenance pro•  
grams established in 1987 were continued according to plan;  
further provisions were not made.  
(
45) Accounts Payable Trade  
and  
46) Other  
A minimum dividend guaranty was given to co-owners  
of Dornier GmbH for 1989 and later, the amount for which  
cannot be estimated.  
(
Liabilities  
1988  
of which maturing  
in less in more  
than  
year  
than  
5 years  
A dividend guaranty was assumed for outside shareholders  
of AEG Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin and Frankfurt am Main, the  
amount for which cannot be estimated.  
1
in millons in millions in millions in millions  
of DM of DM of DM of DM  
Other Financial Commitments  
The obligations arising from rental, land lease and leasing  
agreements, in order of maturity, were as follows:  
Other financial commitments, among others the purchase  
order commitments for capital investments amounted to  
DM 1,758 million. Financial commitments to affiliated  
companies totaled DM 2,680 million.  
The obligation arising from stock subscriptions and from capi•  
tal subscriptions in "Close corporations" pursuant to Section  
The liabilities to banking institutions decreased DM 130 mil•  
lion as a result of the transfer to an affiliated company of funds  
borrowed under the Berlin Development Act, and of sched•  
uled principal repayment. The remaining DM 29 million are  
secured by mortgage. Scheduled principal repayment will  
amount to DM 4 million in 1989.  
24 of the GmbH Act, amounted to DM 3 million. We are jointly  
and severally liable for participation in two non-incorporated  
companies, which have profit and loss pooling agreements with  
controlling companies, and for participation in two partnerships.  
Other liabilities by and large included obligations arising from  
December 1988 wage and salary payments, particularly for  
amounts withheld from employees for taxes and social security.  
*
Notes to Statement of Income of Daimler-Benz AG  
The increase in cost of materials was attributable to a shift in  
the production structure to more material-intensive vehicles,  
and to higher materials purchases, particularly in connection  
with the market introduction of the new MB 100 D van by our  
Spanish company.  
The main reason for the rising wages and salaries was the 2%  
Union-negotiated increase, while the higher social levies were  
also due to the increase in the taxable wage base. After the  
introduction of the new pension rules effective January 1,1987,  
expenses for old-age pensions were back again to normal  
levels during 1988.  
(
49) Total Output  
The increase in total output by DM 536 million was due to a  
DM 397 million rise in sales revenue on the one hand, and on  
the other, to an DM 141 million increase in inventories as a  
consequence of higher commercial vehicle production.  
(50) Other Operating Income  
The amount credited to income from the dissolution of provi•  
sions and shown under this caption amounted to DM 242 mil•  
lion (DM 265 million in the previous year). They were primarily  
due to the reduction of projected change-over, alteration and  
maintenance programs and to the drop in business risks at  
foreign subsidiaries. Further income was derived from costs  
charged to third parties, from the sale of fixed assets, from  
lease and rental income, and - with DM 2 million - from the  
dissolution of equity reserves.  
The increased volume of capital investments has correspon•  
dingly led to higher depreciation charges of fixed assets.  
Write-downs of long-term financial assets and of marketable  
securities pertained mostly to the write-down of treasury stock  
to the estimated value at which they are issued to employees.  
A total of DM 476 million pertained to prior years.  
(54) Other Operating Expenses  
The caption comprises - apart from additions to accrual  
provisions which by law, must be classified here - above all,  
plant maintenance expenses, administrative and selling expen•  
ses including sales commissions, rental and lease expenses,  
freight out, packaging, losses from the decline in assets values,  
and losses from the sales of fixed and current assets.  
A total of DM 92 million pertained to prior years.  
The decline in earnings from the production and selling  
processes led to correspondingly lower income taxes.  
(58) Net Income  
The lower earnings from operating activities were largely  
offset by higher interest and dividend income, so that net in•  
come of DM 1,382 million for the year was nearly unchanged  
from the 1987 figure of DM 1,403 million.  
Tax depreciation of fixed and current assets had hardly any  
influence on net income. The impact on future earnings will  
also be of little consequence.  
Other Informations/Boards  
Under the assumption that the proposed dividend is ratified  
by the shareholders at the Annual Meeting on June 28,1989,  
the remunerations paid to the members of the Board of  
Management and the Supervisory Board of Daimler-Benz AG  
amounted to DM 12,842,442 and DM 1,334,103 respec•  
tively. Disbursements to former members of the Board of  
Management of Daimler-Benz AG or their survivors totaled  
DM 6,409,450. Pension obligations for former members of  
the Management Board of Daimler-Benz AG or their survisors,  
amounting to DM 75,454,204 have been provided for.  
As at December 31,1988, advances and loans to members  
of the Board of Management of Daimler-Benz AG amounted  
to DM 401,233; during the year DM 507,145 was repaid.  
Interest averaging 4% was charged on such advances and  
loans; the stipulated maturities did not exceed one year.  
Daimler-Benz Holding AG, Zurich passed on to Daimler-Benz  
AG its portion of the dividend received from Mercedes-Benz  
do Brasil.  
The names of the members of the Supervisory Board and the  
Board of Management are listed on pages 2 and 3.  
The increase in net interest income was mainly due to higher  
interest income from loans to subsidiaries.  
Proposal for the Allocation of Unappropriated Profit  
84 |  
The annual financial statements of Daimler-Benz AG as of December 31,1988, show  
an unappropriated profit of DM 691,030,400. It is proposed to the Annual Meeting of  
Shareholders that the unappropriated profit be applied as follows:  
Stuttgart-Untertuerkheim, March 29,1989  
The Board of Management  
Auditors Reports  
Based on an audit performed in accordance with our professional duties, the  
accounting records and the consolidated financial statements comply with the legal  
regulations. The consolidated financial statements present, in compliance with required  
accounting principles, a true and fair view of the net worth, financial position and  
results of the Group. The business review report, summarized for Daimler-Benz AG  
and for the Group, is in agreement with the financial statements of Daimler-Benz AG  
and the consolidated financial statements.  
Frankfurt am Main, April 6,1989  
KPMG Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft  
Aktiengesellschaft  
Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft  
Zielke  
Dr. Koschinsky  
Wirtschaftsprüfer  
Wirtschaftsprüfer  
(Certified Public Accountant)  
(Certified Public Accountant)  
Based on an audit performed in accordance with our professional duties,  
the accounting records and the financial statements comply with the legal regulations.  
The financial statements present, in compliance with required accounting principles,  
a true and fair view of the net worth, financial position and results of Daimler-Benz AG.  
The business review report summarized for Daimler-Benz AG, and for the Group is in  
agreement with the financial statements of Daimler-Benz AG and the consolidated  
financial statements.  
Frankfurt am Main, April 6,1989  
KPMG Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft  
Aktiengesellschaft  
Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft  
Dr.  
Müller  
Dr. Koschinsky  
Wirtschaftsprüfer  
Wirtschaftsprüfer  
(Certified Public Accountant)  
(Certified Public Accountant)  
Report of the Supervisory Board  
In the five Supervisory Board meetings were verified by KPMG Deutsche Treu-  
of the past year and by means of written hand-Gesellschaft AG, Wirtschaftsprüfungs-  
and verbal reports, we have been inform• gesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, and  
ed in detail, and have consulted with  
the Board of Management on the state  
of the corporation and on principal mat•  
ters of corporate policy. In particular,  
have been found to be in accordance with  
the books and with the pertinent legal re•  
quirements. The Supervisory Board, in a  
joint meeting with the Board of Manage•  
these discussions centered on questions ment on April 19,1989, has noted the  
in connection with the continuing devel•  
opment of the company from an auto•  
mobile to a technology concern and the  
restructuring of the Group organization.  
Moreover, we have dealt with employ•  
ment trends, results of operations and  
result of the audit with approval.  
The result of the examinations made  
by the Supervisory Board and the au•  
ditors has shown no cause for question•  
ing. We have approved the financial state•  
ments of Daimler-Benz AG as prepared by  
medium- and long-range corporate plans the Board of Management; they are  
including capital spending policy. Further• hereby ratified. We concur with the re•  
more, we have discussed important  
individual business transactions and  
made business decisions which, by law  
or bylaws, had to be submitted to us  
for approval.  
commendations of the Board of Manage•  
ment regarding the application of the  
unappropriated profit. Furthermore, we  
support the Board of Management's  
proposal to the Annual Shareholders'  
We have examined the financial state• Meeting arising from the changes of the  
ments and the business review report,  
Group's organization. The financial state•  
both of which were combined for Daimler- ments, the business review report and the  
Benz AG and the Group, and the recom• external auditor's report had been avail•  
mendations for the payment of dividends. able to the Supervisory Board.  
The financial statements of Daimler-Benz  
Mr. Hans-Jürgen Hinrichs, after seven  
AG and of the Group as of December 31, years of participation on the Board of  
1
988, including the business review re•  
Management of Daimler-Benz AG, retired  
from office effective November 9,1988  
and requested the Supervisory Board to  
prematurely release him from his duties.  
The Supervisory Board has, with due  
respect, taken notice and accepted his  
request. During his tenure, Mr. Hinrichs  
had earned great merits particularly in con•  
nection with the continuing expansion of  
our world-wide sales organization, had  
advanced our interests and contacts  
world-wide and had enhanced the  
port and the accounting principles used  
reputation of the Mercedes-Benz marquee.  
The Supervisory Board wishes here to  
express its gratitude.  
At the rotational Supervisory Board  
Dr. Mertin had belonged to the Super•  
election taking place at the shareholders' visory Board since 1985, and during this  
meeting on July 1,1988, Mr. Günter  
Vogelsang and Dr. Klaus Mertin did not  
time of reorientation, had accompanied  
the development of the company. His  
seek reelection. In their place were elect• advice had always been most valuable  
ed to the Supervisory Board Prof. Dr.- because of his enterpreneurial foresigh-  
Ing. E. h. Werner Breitschwerdt, Stuttgart, tedness, his experience and his knowl•  
chairman of the Board of Management  
of Daimler-Benz AG until 1987, and  
Dr. Horst J. Burgard, Frankfurt am Main,  
edge about managerial controls. We wish  
to express here our gratitude as well.  
With the conclusion of the sharehol•  
member of the Board of Management of ders' meeting on July 1,1988, Mr. Alfred  
Deutsche Bank AG.  
Mr. Vogelsang had been a member of  
the Supervisory Board since March of  
Schaible retired, too. Since 1975 he had  
been a member of the Supervisory Board  
representing employees. During his ten•  
ure, he actively shaped the practical ap•  
plication of the codetermination law in  
1975, and was until mid-1978 its deputy  
chairman. Thereafter he had served on  
the mediation and personnel committee. our company. We thank Mr. Schaible for  
During his 13-year tenure on the Super•  
his dedicated work. An assembly of the  
visory Board he participated in numerous electorial body, on May 3,1988, voted  
decisions which have shaped our com•  
pany. We thank Mr. Vogelsang for his  
prudent advice, marked by experience  
and knowledge, and his unfaltering inter•  
in his place to the Supervisory Board  
Mr. Erich Klemm, Calw, member of the  
labor council at the Sindelfingen plant.  
est in our company. He had helped shape Stuttgart-Untertuerkheim,  
our company during an important period. April 1989  
The Supervisory Board  
Chairman  
Tables and Graphs  
Daimler-Benz Highlights  
Note: "Daimler-Benz Group" comprises Daimler-Benz AG plus domestic and foreign companies  
in which Daimler-Benz AG, directly or indirectly, has majority voting rights.  
*) Kits destined for assembly abroad, from 1983 no longer included in total production.  
Daimler-Benz Group  
Figures in accordance with the Accounting Standards Act; prior year adjusted accordingly.  
From 1985 on newly defined.  
Dornier consolidated from 7/1/1985 on, MTU from 4/1/1985 on.  
Including allocations authorized by the shareholders at the Annual Meeting.  
Excluding dividend including equity portion contained in equity reserve.  
Long and medium-term provisions and long-term liabilities.  
Intangible assets, fixed assets, financial assets (net) and cost of investments in excess of book value at acquisition (to 1986).  
Excluding leased vehicles (from 1987 on).  
Daimler-Benz AG  
Figures in accordance with Accounting Standards Act; prior year adjusted accordingly.  
From 1985 on newly defined.  
Including allocations authorized by the shareholders at the Annual Meeting.  
Excluding dividend; including equity portion contained in equity reserve.  
Long and medium-term provisions and long-term liabilities.  
Investments in affiliated and subsidiary companies.  
Excluding extraordinary expense of DM 1,408 million for old-age pension.  
Restructuring of old-age pension with tax-deductible, extraordinary addition to pension provisions.  
Excluding overprovisions credited back to income on account of Provident Fund underfunding In the amount of DM 391 million.  
Dividend plus bonus.  
For our stockholders who are liable for income taxes in the Federal Republic of Germany.  
Allowing for capital stock increase (dividend retroactivelv adjusted).  
Sales and Production  
Figures of Daimler-Benz are inclusive of Unimog vehicles and MB-trac.  
Kits destined for assembly abroad, from 1983 on, no longer included in total production.  
Car Production of Leading Countries  
Car Industry of Leading Countries  
Commercial Vehicle Production of Leading Countries  
Commercial Vehicle Industry of Leading Countries  
Note: Because of, oftentimes, substantial deviations in the definition of the term "commercial vehicle", and  
of the varying product offerings, comparability is restricted:  
1
)
Partially estimated.  
2
)
Kits destined for assembly abroad, from 1983 on, no longer included in total production.  
Truck Production of Leading Countries  
Note: Trucks over 6 tonnes GVW.  
!
2
3
) Countries included: Western Europe, U.S.A., Japan, Argentina, Brazil.  
)
)
Mercedes-Benz do Brasil.  
Kits destined for assembly abroad, from 1983 on, no longer included in total production.  
Truck Industry of Leading Countries  
Note: Trucks over 6 tonnes GVW  
M Partially estimated.  
2
3
4
) Kits destined for assembly abroad, from 1983 on, no longer included in total production.  
)
)
7 tonnes and above.  
6.35 tonnes and above (factory sales) including Canada.  
Daimler-BenzAG  
FM/BP  
Postfach 600202  
D-7000 Stuttgart 60  
Phone number (0711) 17-5 5195  
Telefax number (0711) 17-56829  


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