INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY
OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED PRIOR TO THE TIME THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT BECOMES
EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS SHALL NOT
CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY, NOR SHALL
THERE BY ANY SALE OF THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER,
SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL PRIOR TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION
UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY SUCH STATE.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MAY 9, 1996
Prospectus Supplement
(To Prospectus Dated May 9, 1996)
$245,101,821.24
UACSC 1996-B Auto Trust
$245,101,821.24 ______% Class A Automobile Receivable Pass-Through Certificates
Class I Interest Only Automobile Receivable Pass-Through Certificates UAC
Securitization Corporation Depositor Union Acceptance Corporation Servicer
Principal, and interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate shown above, will be
distributed to Class A Certificateholders on the third business day after the
5th day of each month (the "Distribution Date"), beginning June 10, 1996. The
final scheduled Distribution Date of the Class A Certificates will be July 8,
2003. The Class I Certificates will not receive principal payments, but interest
at the Class I Pass-Through Rate of 2.750% per annum on the Notional Principal
Amount (as defined herein) of the Class I Certificates will be distributed to
Class I Certificateholders on each Distribution Date. The Notional Principal
Amount will initially be $198,386,511.59 and will decrease on each Distribution
Date. Each Certificate offered hereby will represent an undivided interest in
the UACSC 1996-B Auto Trust (the "Trust") to be formed by UAC Securitization
Corporation, a Delaware corporation, having its principal office and place of
business in Indianapolis, Indiana (the "Depositor"). The Trust property will
include a pool of simple and precomputed interest installment sale and
installment loan contracts originated in various states in the United States of
America, secured by new and used automobiles, light trucks and vans (the
"Receivables"), certain monies due thereunder as of and after April 30, 1996
(the "Cutoff Date"), security interests in the vehicles financed thereby, a
yield supplement account, and certain other property. The Trust Property will
also include an irrevocable surety bond guaranteeing payments of interest and
principal on the Class A Certificates and Class I Monthly Interest (the "Surety
Bond") issued by Capital Markets Assurance Corporation and a Spread Account for
the benefit of the Class A and the Class I Certificateholders, as well as the
surety bond issuer. Concurrently with the issuance of the Class A Certificates
and the Class I Certificates, the Trust will issue a Class IC Automobile
Receivable Pass-Through Certificate. The Class IC Certificate will be issued to
UAC Securitization Corporation, the Depositor, and will not be offered hereby.
The Class A Certificates and the Class I Certificates are together sometimes
referred to herein as the "Offered Certificates." Prior to their issuance there
has been no market for the Offered Certificates nor can there be any assurance
that one will develop, or if it does develop, that it will provide the holders
of the Offered Certificates with liquidity or will continue for the life of the
Offered Certificates. The Underwriters intend, but are not obligated, to make a
market in the Offered Certificates. The yield to maturity of the Class I
Certificates will be sensitive to the rate and timing of principal payments
(including prepayments) on the Receivables. Investors in the Class I
Certificates should fully consider the associated risks, including the risk that
a rapid rate of principal payments could result in the failure of such investors
to recoup their initial investments. See "Risk Factors -- Prepayment Risks
Associated with Class I Certificates" and "Termination Upon Insolvency Event of
the Class IC Certificateholder", "Yield and Prepayment Considerations" and "The
Offered Certificates -- The Class I Certificates -- Calculation of Notional
Principal Amount" herein.
<PAGE>
PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE INFORMATION SET
FORTH UNDER "RISK FACTORS" ON PAGE S-10 HEREOF AND PAGE 10 OF THE PROSPECTUS.
THE CERTIFICATES DO NOT REPRESENT INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF UAC
SECURITIZATION CORPORATION OR ANY AFFILIATE THEREOF. NEITHER THESE SECURITIES
NOR THE UNDERLYING RECEIVABLES WILL BE INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY ANY GOVERNMENTAL
AGENCY OR INSTRUMENTALITY. THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR
DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE
SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS.
ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
================================================================================
Price to Underwriting Proceeds to
Public Discounts (1) Depositor (2)
Per Class A Certificate.... % % %
Per Class I Certificate.... % % %
Total...................... $ $ $
================================================================================
(1) With respect to the Class I Certificates, the Price to Public and Proceeds
to Depositor are expressed as a percentage of the Notional Principal Amount
(initially $198,386,511.59), and the Underwriting Discounts are expressed
as a percentage of the related Price to Public.
(2) Before deducting expenses, estimated to be $343,587.00.
The Offered Certificates are offered, subject to prior sale, when, as and if
accepted by the Underwriters, and subject to approval of certain legal matters
by Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft, counsel for the Underwriters. It is expected
that delivery of the Offered Certificates in book-entry form will be made on or
about May ___, 1996 through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company,
against payment therefor in immediately available funds.
Underwriters of the Class A Certrificates
Salomon Brothers Inc NationsBanc Capital Markets, Inc.
Underwriter of the Class I Certificates
Salomon Brothers Inc
The date of this Prospectus Supplement is May ___, 1996.
THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT DOES NOT CONTAIN COMPLETE INFORMATION ABOUT THE
OFFERING OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE
PROSPECTUS, AND PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ARE URGED TO READ BOTH THIS PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT AND THE PROSPECTUS IN FULL. SALES OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY NOT
BE CONSUMMATED UNLESS THE PURCHASER HAS RECEIVED BOTH THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
AND THE PROSPECTUS. THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION THAT IS
SPECIFIC TO THE TRUST AND THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES AND, TO THAT EXTENT,
SUPPLEMENTS AND REPLACES THE MORE GENERAL INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE
PROSPECTUS.
IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING, THE UNDERWRITERS MAY OVER-ALLOT OR
EFFECT TRANSACTIONS WHICH STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF THE
CERTIFICATES AT A LEVEL ABOVE THAT WHICH MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN
MARKET. SUCH STABILIZING, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANY TIME.
Until 90 days after the date of this Prospectus Supplement, all dealers
effecting transactions in the Offered Certificates, whether or not participating
in this distribution, may be required to deliver this Prospectus Supplement and
the Prospectus. This is in addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver this
Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus when acting as underwriters and with
respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
<PAGE>
REPORTS TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS
Unless and until definitive certificates are issued (which will occur only
under the limited circumstances described herein), Bankers Trust Company, as
Trustee, will provide to Cede & Co., the nominee of The Depository Trust
Company, as registered holder of the Class A Certificates, monthly and annual
statements concerning the Trust and the Class A Certificates. Such statements
will also be provided to the registered holders of the Class I Certificates.
Such statements will not constitute financial statements prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. A copy of the most recent monthly
or annual statement concerning the Trust and the Offered Certificates may be
obtained by contacting the Servicer at Union Acceptance Corporation, 250 North
Shadeland Avenue, Indianapolis, Indiana 46219 (telephone (317) 231-7965).
SUMMARY OF TERMS
This Summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the detailed
information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus Supplement and the
Prospectus. Certain capitalized terms used in this Summary are defined elsewhere
in this Prospectus Supplement on the pages indicated in the "Index of Principal
Terms" or, to the extent not defined herein, have the meanings assigned to such
terms in the Prospectus.
Issuer ................................ACSC 1996-B Auto Trust.
Depositor...............................UAC Securitization Corporation (the
"Depositor").
Servicer ...............................Union Acceptance Corporation (in its
capacity as servicer, the "Servicer,"
otherwise "UAC").
Trustee ...............................Bankers Trust Company
The Certificates ......................The Trust will be formed and will issue
the Certificates on or about May ___,
1996 (the "Closing Date") pursuant to a
pooling and servicing agreement (the
"Pooling and Servicing Agreement"). The
Certificates will consist of: (i) _____%
Class A Automobile Receivable
Pass-Through Certificates in the
aggregate principal amount of
$245,101,821.24; (ii) the Class I
Interest Only Automobile Receivable
Pass-Through Certificates; and (iii) the
Class IC Automobile Receivable
Pass-Through Certificate. The Class I
Certificates are interest only
certificates and will not receive
distributions of principal. The Class IC
Certificate will be issued to the
Depositor on the Closing Date and is not
being offered hereby.
Each of the Certificates will represent
a fractional undivided interest in the
Trust. The Trust assets will include the
Receivables, certain monies due
thereunder as of and after the Cutoff
Date, security interests in the related
Financed Vehicles, monies on deposit in
the Certificate Account and the proceeds
thereof, any proceeds from claims on
certain insurance policies relating to
<PAGE>
the Financed Vehicles or the related
Obligors, any lender's single interest
insurance policy, the Spread Account for
the benefit of the Class A and Class I
Certificateholders and the surety bond
issuer, the Surety Bond for the benefit
of the Class A and Class I
Certificateholders and certain rights
under the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement. Interest paid to the
Certificateholders on the first
Distribution Date will be based upon the
amount of interest accruing from the
Closing Date, and will therefore not
include a full month's interest.
The Class A Certificates ........Interest. Interest will be distributable
on each Distribution Date beginning June
10, 1996, to holders of record as of the
last day of the calendar month
immediately preceding the calendar month
in which such Distribution Date occurs
(the "Record Date") of the Class A
Certificates (the "Class A
Certificateholders") in a maximum amount
equal to the product of 1/12th of
______% (the "Class A Pass-Through
Rate") and the aggregate outstanding
principal balance of the Class A
Certificates (the "Certificate Balance")
as of the preceding Distribution Date
(after giving effect to all
distributions to Certificateholders on
such date) or, in the case of the first
Distribution Date, as of the Closing
Date. Interest on the Class A
Certificates will be calculated on the
basis of a 360-day year consisting of
twelve 30-day months or, in the case of
the first Distribution Date, the number
of days from the Closing Date remaining
in the month of the closing (assuming a
30-day month). See "The Offered
Certificates-- Distributions on the
Offered Certificates". The effective
yield on the Class A Certificates will
be below that otherwise produced by the
applicable Pass-Through Rate because the
distribution of Monthly Principal (as
defined below) and Class A Monthly
Interest in respect of any given month
will not be made until the eighth
calendar day of the following month or,
if such day is not a business day, the
next business day (the "Distribution
Date"). See "Yield and Prepayment
Considerations" herein.
Principal. On each Distribution Date,
the Trustee will distribute as principal
to the Class A Certificateholders in a
maximum aggregate amount equal to the
aggregate outstanding principal amount
of the Receivables (the "Pool Balance")
on the last day of the second preceding
calendar month (or, in the case of the
first Distribution Date, as of the
Cutoff Date) less the Pool Balance on
the last day of the immediately
preceding calendar month ("Monthly
Principal"). For the purpose of
determining Monthly Principal, the
unpaid principal balance of a Defaulted
Receivable or a Purchased Receivable
will be deemed to be zero on and after
the last day of the calendar month in
which such Receivable became a Defaulted
Receivable or a Purchased Receivable, as
applicable. The weighted average life of
the Offered Certificates will be reduced
by full or partial prepayments on the
Receivables (except certain prepayments
in respect of Precomputed Receivables).
See "The Offered Certificates--
Distributions on the Offered
Certificates" herein.
The Class I Certificates ...............Interest. The Class I Certificates are
interest only certificates which will
not be entitled to any principal
distributions. Interest will accrue on
the Notional Principal Amount (defined
below) of the Class I Certificates at
the rate of 2.750% per annum (the "Class
I Pass-Through Rate"). The Notional
Principal Amount represents a designated
principal component of the Receivables,
originally $198,386,511.59 (the
"Original Notional Principal Amount").
Interest with respect to the Class I
Certificates will accrue on the basis of
a 360-day year consisting of twelve
30-day months or, in the case of the
first Distribution Date, the number of
days from the Closing Date remaining in
the month of the closing (assuming a
30-day month). On each Distribution
Date, except the first Distribution
Date, the Trustee shall distribute pro
rata to holders of Class I Certificates
of record as of the preceding Record
Date, Class I Monthly Interest at the
<PAGE>
Class I Pass-Through Rate on the
Notional Principal Amount outstanding on
the immediately preceding Distribution
Date (after giving effect to any
reduction of the Notional Principal
Amount on such Distribution Date) or, in
the case of the first Distribution Date,
as of the Closing Date. Holders of the
Class I Certificates will not be
entitled to any distributions after the
Notional Principal Amount thereof has
been reduced to zero.
Planned Amortization Feature;
Calculation of the Class I Notional
Principal Amount. The Class I
Certificates represent an interest-only
planned amortization class. The planned
amortization feature is intended to
reduce the uncertainty to investors in
the Class I Certificates with respect to
prepayments. Because the Class I
Certificates will receive interest based
on their Notional Principal Amount, this
is accomplished by basing the reduction
in the Notional Principal Amount on a
principal paydown schedule rather than
on the reduction in the actual principal
balances of the Receivables, as
described below. The amount which will
be paid to the Class I
Certificateholders will come from the
excess of interest earned on the
Receivables over the Class A Monthly
Interest and the monthly Servicing Fee
payable to the Servicer (the "Monthly
Servicing Fee"). Solely for the purpose
of calculating the amount payable with
respect to the Class I Certificates, the
Certificate Balance will be divided into
two principal components, the "PAC
Component" and the "Companion
Component." The sum of the PAC Component
and the Companion Component will at all
times equal the then aggregate unpaid
Certificate Balance. The Notional
Principal Amount of the Class I
Certificates at any time will be equal
to the principal balance of the PAC
Component as calculated based on the
allocations of principal payments
described below, originally
$198,386,511.59.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement
establishes a schedule (a "Planned
Notional Principal Amount Schedule")
which is set forth herein under "The
Offered Certificates-Class I
Certificates-Calculation of Notional
Principal Amount." On each Distribution
Date, the Monthly Principal will be
allocated first to the PAC Component in
an amount up to the amount necessary to
reduce the amount thereof to the Planned
Notional Principal Amount for such
Distribution Date, as set forth in the
Planned Notional Principal Amount
Schedule, second, to the Companion
Component until the outstanding amount
thereof is reduced to zero and third, to
the PAC Component, without regard to the
Planned Notional Principal Amount. As
described above, the Notional Principal
Amount of the Class I Certificates will
be equal to the outstanding amount of
the PAC Component and thus will be
reduced as the PAC Component is reduced.
The Planned Notional Principal Amount
Schedule has been prepared on the basis
of the assumption, among other things,
that the Receivables prepay at a
constant rate between 1.6% and 2.5% ABS
<PAGE>
(as defined herein), an assumed
annualized constant rate of prepayments
and the prepayment model used in this
Prospectus. The yield to maturity of the
Class I Certificates will be sensitive
to the rate and timing of principal
payments (including prepayments) on the
Receivables and may fluctuate
significantly from time to time. If the
Receivables prepay at a constant rate
within the range assumed in preparing
the Planned Notional Principal Amount
Schedule, the PAC Component (and the
Notional Principal Amount of the Class I
Certificates) will be reduced in
accordance with the Planned Notional
Principal Amount Schedule. If the
Receivables prepay at a constant rate
higher than 2.5% ABS, the amount of the
Companion Component will be reduced to
zero more quickly, and the amount of the
PAC Component (and the Notional
Principal Amount of the Class I
Certificates) will be reduced more
quickly than provided in the Planned
Notional Principal Amount Schedule,
thereby reducing the yield to holders of
the Class I Certificates. In general, a
rapid rate of principal prepayments
(including liquidations due to losses,
repurchases and other dispositions) will
have a material negative effect on the
yield to maturity of the Class I
Certificates.
The Planned Notional Principal Amount
Schedule is set forth herein under "The
Certificates -- The Class I Certificates
-- Calculation of Notional Principal
Amount". The Planned Notional Principal
Amount Schedule has been prepared on the
basis of certain assumptions, which are
described herein under "The Certificates
-- Class I Yield Considerations".
Prospective investors in the Class I
Certificates should fully consider the
associated risks, including the risk
that a rapid rate of prepayments could
result in the failure of investors in
the Class I Certificates to recoup their
initial investment. See "Risk Factors
--Prepayment Risks Associated with Class
I Certificates", "Yield and Prepayment
Considerations -- The Class I
Certificates" and "The Certificates
--Termination Upon Insolvency Event of
the Class IC Certificateholder" herein.
Subordination; Spread Account...........The Depositor will establish an account
(the "Spread Account") on the Closing
Date. On each Distribution Date
thereafter, the Servicer will deposit
into the Spread Account any amounts
remaining in the Certificate Account
after the payment on such date of all
amounts owing pursuant to the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement to the
Certificateholders (other than the Class
IC Certificateholder), the Surety Bond
Issuer and the Servicer for the Monthly
<PAGE>
Servicing Fee. In the event that
Available Funds are insufficient on any
Distribution Date prior to the
termination of the Trust (after payment
of the Monthly Servicing Fee) to pay
Monthly Principal and Class A and Class
I Monthly Interest to the Class A and
Class I Certificateholders, draws will
be made on the Spread Account to the
extent of the balance thereof and, if
necessary, the Surety Bond, in the
manner and to the extent described
herein. The Spread Account is solely for
the benefit of the Class A and Class I
Certificateholders and the Surety Bond
Issuer. In the event the amount on
deposit in the Spread Account is zero
after giving effect to any draws thereon
for the benefit of the Class A and Class
I Certificateholders, and there is a
default under the Surety Bonds, losses
on the Receivables will be borne
directly pro rata by the Class A
Certificateholders and Class I
Certificateholders, as described herein.
Any such reduction of the principal
balance of the Receivables due to losses
on the Receivables will also result in a
reduction of the Class I Notional
Principal Amount. See "The Offered
Certificates -- Distributions on the
Offered Certificates" and "--Accounts"
herein.
The Class A Certificates and Class I
Certificates will be senior in right and
interest to the Class IC Certificate.
The Class A Certificateholders and the
Class I Certificateholders will have
equal rights with respect to amounts
collected on or with respect to the
Receivables and other assets of the
Trust in the event of a shortfall. The
Trustee will first withdraw funds from
the Spread Account on each Distribution
Date to the extent of any shortfall in
the Class A and Class I Monthly Interest
and the Monthly Principal as described
above. Any amount on deposit in the
Spread Account on any Distribution Date
in excess of the Required Spread Amount
(defined below) after all other required
deposits thereto and withdrawals
therefrom have been made, and after
payment therefrom of all amounts due the
Surety Bond Issuer will be distributed
to the holder of the Class IC
Certificate (the "Class IC
Certificateholder"). Any amount so
distributed to the Class IC
Certificateholder will no longer be an
asset of the Trust.
While it is intended that the amount on
deposit in the Spread Account will grow
over time, through the deposit thereto
of the excess collections, if any, on
the Receivables, to the Required Spread
Amount, there can be no assurance that
such growth will actually occur. The
"Required Spread Amount" with respect to
any Distribution Date will equal 1.25%
of the initial Pool Balance. If the
average aggregate yield of the
Receivables pool in excess of losses
falls below a prescribed level set forth
in the Insurance Agreement, the Required
Spread Amount will be increased to 5% of
the Pool Balance. Upon and during the
continuance of an Event of Default or
upon the occurrence of certain other
events described in the Insurance
Agreement generally involving a failure
of performance by the Servicer or a
material misrepresentation made by the
Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or the Insurance Agreement,
the Required Spread Amount shall be
equal to the Surety Bond Amount, as
further described below. See "The
Offered Certificates --Accounts" and --
"The Surety Bond" herein.
Surety Bond ..........................The Depositor shall obtain an
irrevocable surety bond (the "Surety
Bond") issued by the Surety Bond Issuer
(as specified below), for the benefit of
<PAGE>
the Trustee on behalf of the Class A and
Class I Certificateholders. The Trustee
shall draw on the Surety Bond in the
event that sufficient funds are not
available (after payment of the Monthly
Servicing Fee and after withdrawals from
the Spread Account to pay the Class A
and Class I Certificateholders on any
Distribution Date in accordance with the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement) to
distribute Class A and Class I Monthly
Interest and Monthly Principal, up to
the Surety Bond Amount. See "The
Certificates--The Surety Bond."
Surety Bond Amount .................The term "Surety Bond Amount" means with
respect to any Distribution Date: (x)
the sum of (A) the lesser of (i) the
Certificate Balance --- ------ (after
giving effect to any distribution of
Available Funds and any funds withdrawn
from the Spread Account to pay Monthly
Principal on such Distribution Date) and
(ii) the Net Principal Surety Bond
Amount, plus ---- (B) Class A Monthly
Interest, plus (C) Class I Monthly
Interest, plus (D) ---- ---- the Monthly
Servicing Fee; less (y) all amounts on
deposit in the Spread ---- Account on
such Distribution Date. "Net Principal
Surety Bond Amount" means the
Certificate Balance as of the first
Distribution Date minus all -----
amounts previously drawn on the Surety
Bond or from the Spread Account with
respect to Monthly Principal.
Surety Bond Issuer ...................Capital Markets Assurance Corporation.
Optional Sale .........................The Class IC Certificateholder has the
right to cause the Trustee to sell all
the Receivables (referred to herein as
an "Optional Sale") as of the last day
of any Collection Period, at a purchase
price equal to the fair market value of
the Receivables (but not less than the
sum of (i) their aggregate outstanding
principal balance plus accrued and
unpaid interest thereon and (ii) any
amounts due the Surety Bond Issuer), if
(i) the Certificate Balance as of the
following Distribution Date will equal
10% or less of the initial Certificate
Balance and (ii) the Class I Notional
Principal Amount has been reduced to
zero.
Tax Status..............................In the opinion of special tax counsel to
the Depositor, the Trust will not be
treated as an association taxable as a
corporation or as a "publicly traded
partnership" taxable as a corporation.
The Trustee and the Certificateholders
will agree to treat the Trust as a
partnership for federal income tax
purposes, which will not be subject to
federal income tax at the Trust level.
See "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences" in the Prospectus.
Ratings ...............................As a condition to the issuance of the
Offered Certificates, the Class A and
Class I Certificates must be rated in
the highest category by at least one
nationally recognized rating agency. The
rating of the Class I Certificates does
not address the possibility that rapid
<PAGE>
rates of principal prepayments,
including prepayments resulting from a
sale of the Receivables upon an
Insolvency Event with respect to the
Class IC Certificateholder, could result
in a failure of the holders of the Class
I Certificates to fully recover their
investment. A security rating is not a
recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities and may be subject to
revision or withdrawal at any time by
the assigning rating agency. See
"Certificate Rating".
ERISA Considerations ..................Subject to the considerations discussed
under "ERISA Considerations" herein and
in the Prospectus, the Class A
Certificates and the Class I
Certificates may be eligible for
purchase by employee benefit plans
subject to the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
("ERISA"). Any benefit plan fiduciary
considering the purchase of an Offered
Certificate should, among other things,
consult with experienced legal counsel
in determining whether all required
conditions for such purchase have been
satisfied. See "ERISA Considerations"
herein and in the Prospectus.
<PAGE>
RISK FACTORS
Investors should carefully consider the information set forth below as well
as the other investment considerations described in this prospectus.
Limited Liquidity
There is currently no secondary market for the Offered Certificates. The
Underwriters currently intend to make a market in the Offered Certificates, but
are under no obligation to do so. There can be no assurance that a secondary
market will develop or, if one does develop, that it will provide
Certificateholders with liquidity of investment or that it will continue for the
life of the Offered Certificates.
Certificates Solely Obligations of the Trust
The Offered Certificates are interests in the Trust only and do not
represent the obligation of any other person. The Class A and Class I
Certificateholders are senior in right and interest to the Class IC
Certificateholder (as described under "The Offered Certificates -- Distributions
on the Offered Certificates"). The Trustee will withdraw funds from the Spread
Account, up to the full balance of the funds on deposit in such account, only in
the event that Available Funds are insufficient in accordance with the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement to distribute Class A and Class I Monthly Interest and
Monthly Principal (after payment of the Monthly Servicing Fee). The amount on
deposit in the Spread Account is intended to increase over time to an amount
equal to the Required Spread Amount. There is no assurance that such growth will
occur or that the balance in the Spread Account will always be sufficient to
assure payment in full of Monthly Principal and Monthly Interest. If the amount
on deposit in the Spread Account is reduced to zero after giving effect to all
amounts to be deposited to and withdrawn from the Spread Account pursuant to the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, on any Distribution Date prior to termination
of the Trust, the Trustee will draw on the Surety Bond, in an amount equal to
the shortfall in respect of Class A and Class I Monthly Interest and Monthly
Principal, up to the Surety Bond Amount. If the Spread Account is reduced to
zero and there is a default under the Surety Bond, the Trust will depend solely
on current distributions on the Receivables to make distributions on the
Certificates. See "The Receivables Pool --Delinquencies, Repossessions and Net
Losses" and "The Offered Certificates -- Accounts" herein. Prepayment Risks
Associated with the Class I Certificates
Prepayment Risks Associated with the Class I Certificates
If the Receivables prepay at a constant rate within the range assumed in
preparing the Planned Notional Principal Amount Schedule, the PAC Component (and
the Class I Notional Principal Amount) will be reduced in accordance with the
Planned Notional Principal Amount Schedule. If the Receivables prepay at a
constant rate higher than 2.5% ABS, the Class I Notional Principal Amount will
be reduced more quickly than provided in the Planned Notional Principal Amount
Schedule, thereby reducing the yield to holders of the Class I Certificates. In
general, a rapid rate of principal prepayments (including liquidations due to
losses, repurchases and other dispositions and prepayments resulting from any
sale of the Receivables upon an Insolvency Event with respect to the Class IC
Certificateholder) will have a material negative effect on the yield to maturity
of the Class I Certificates. Prospective investors should fully consider the
associated risks, including the risk that a rapid rate of prepayments could
result in the failure of investors in the Class I Certificates to recoup their
initial investment. See "Yield and Prepayment Considerations" herein.
Termination Upon Insolvency Event of the Class IC Certificateholder
Termination Upon Insolvency Event of the Class IC Certificateholder
The Depositor will be the initial Class IC Certificateholder. If an
Insolvency Event occurs with respect to the Class IC Certificateholder, the
Receivables will be sold and the Trust will be liquidated unless, within the
period specified herein, holders of more than 51% of the Certificate Balance and
holders of more than 51% of the Class I Notional Principal Balance instruct the
Trustee not to sell the Receivables and liquidate the Trust or unless such sale
and liquidation is otherwise prohibited by applicable law. The Surety Bond will
<PAGE>
not be available to pay any shortfalls upon sale of the Receivables on
liquidation of the Trust. See "The Certificates --Termination Upon Insolvency
Event of the Class IC Certificateholder" herein. The Depositor is a special
purpose corporation the activities of which are circumscribed by its charter
with a view to reducing any risk of its bankruptcy; however no representation is
made concerning the financial condition of the Class IC Certificateholder or the
likelihood of an Insolvency Event with respect to such holder. In the event of
the sale of the Receivables and liquidation of the Trust following an Insolvency
Event, the proceeds may not be sufficient to pay all accrued and unpaid amounts
owing on the Certificates. The Surety Bond will not be available to cover any
such shortfall. Following such a sale, the Class I Certificateholders may be
entitled to receive a portion of the proceeds of sale based upon the amount
originally paid for the Class I Certificates (as reduced by prior returns of
such amount) as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Furthermore,
any distributions of such proceeds will have an effect similar to a prepayment
of the Receivables and could affect the yield on the Class A Certificates and
may significantly affect the yield on the Class I Certificates. See "Yield and
Prepayment Considerations" herein.
Certificate Rating
It is a condition of issuance of the Offered Certificates that the Class A
Certificates and the Class I Certificates be rated in the highest category by at
least one nationally recognized rating agency. Such ratings will reflect only
the views of the relevant rating agency. There is no assurance that any such
rating will continue for any period of time or that it will not be revised or
withdrawn entirely by such rating agency if, in its judgment, circumstances so
warrant. A revision or withdrawal of such rating may have an adverse effect on
the market price of the Offered Certificates. The rating of the Class I
Certificates does not address the possibility that rapid rates of principal
prepayments, including prepayments resulting from a sale of the Receivables upon
an Insolvency Event with respect to the Class IC Certificateholder, could result
in a failure of the holders of the Class I Certificates to fully recover their
investment. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities.
FORMATION OF THE TRUST
The Depositor will establish the Trust by selling and assigning the Trust
property, as described below, to the Trustee in exchange for the Offered
Certificates. The Depositor will retain the Class IC Certificate. UAC will be
responsible for servicing the Receivables pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement and will be compensated for acting as the Servicer. See "Description
of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Servicing Compensation and Payment
of Expenses" in the Prospectus. To facilitate servicing and to minimize
administrative burden and expense, the Servicer will be appointed custodian of
the Receivables by the Trustee, but will not stamp the Receivables to reflect
the sale and assignment of the Receivables to the Trust or make any notation of
the Trust's lien on the certificates of title of the Financed Vehicles. In the
absence of such notation on the certificates of title, the Trustee may not have
perfected security interests in the Financed Vehicles securing the Receivables.
See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Receivables" in the Prospectus. Under the
terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, UAC may delegate its duties as
Servicer and custodian; however, any such delegation will not relieve UAC of its
liability and responsibility with respect to such duties.
The Depositor will establish, for the benefit of the Class A and Class I
Certificateholders and the Surety Bond Issuer, the Spread Account and will
obtain the Surety Bond. Withdrawals from the Spread Account and, only after such
withdrawals, draws on the Surety Bond will be made in accordance with the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement in the event that sufficient funds are not
available (after payment of the Monthly Servicing Fee) to distribute, in the
case of Class I Monthly Interest, Class A Monthly Interest and Monthly
Principal, up to the Surety Bond Amount. If the Spread Account is exhausted and
there is a default under the Surety Bond, the Trust will look only to the
Obligors on the Receivables and the proceeds from the repossession and sale of
Financed Vehicles that secure Defaulted Receivables for distributions of
interest and principal on the Certificates. In such event, certain factors, such
as the Trustee's not having perfected security interests in some of the Financed
Vehicles, may affect the Trust's ability to realize on the collateral securing
the Receivables, and thus may reduce the proceeds to be distributed to
Certificateholders. See "The Certificates -- Accounts" herein and "Certain Legal
Aspects of the Receivables" in the Prospectus.
<PAGE>
THE RECEIVABLES POOL
The Receivables were selected from UAFC's portfolio for purchase by the
Depositor by several criteria, including that each Receivable: (i) has an
original number of payments of not more than 84 payments and not less than 12
payments, (ii) has a remaining maturity of not more than 84 months and not less
than four months, (iii) provides for level monthly payments that fully amortize
the amount financed over the original term, and (iv) has a Contract Rate
(exclusive of prepaid finance charges) of not less than 7.45%. The weighted
average remaining maturity of the Receivables will be approximately 69 months as
of the Cutoff Date.
Approximately 94.83% of the Receivables as of the cutoff date are simple
interest contracts which provide for equal monthly payments. Approximately 5.17%
of the aggregate principal balance of the Receivables as of the Cutoff Date are
Precomputed Receivables (as defined in the Prospectus) originated in California.
All of such Precomputed Receivables are Rule of 78's Receivables (as defined in
the Prospectus). Approximately 22.06% of the aggregate principal balance of the
Receivables as of the Cutoff Date represent financing of new vehicles; the
remainder of the Receivables represent financing of used vehicles.
Receivables representing more than 10% of the aggregate principal balance
of the Receivables as of the Cutoff Date were originated in metropolitan areas
in each of the States of Texas, North Carolina and California. The performance
of the Receivables in the aggregate could be adversely affected in particular by
the development of adverse economic conditions in such metropolitan areas.
Composition of the Receivables as of the Cutoff Date
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Aggregate Original Weighted
Number of Principal Principal Average
Receivables Balance Balance Rate
----------- ---------- --------------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
New Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks............ 2,641 $ 48,086,372.71 $ 49,264,057.48 12.620%
Used Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks........... 13,554 173,726,697.74 179,711,126.62 13.081
New Vans (1)..................................... 268 5,990,356.78 6,086,597.13 12.177
Used Vans (1).................................... 1,266 17,298,394.01 17,887,910.39 12.925
------ --------------- --------------- ------
All Receivables.................................. 17,729 $245,101,821.24 $252,949,691.62 12.958%
====== =============== =============== ======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted Weighted Percent of Scheduled
Average Average Aggregate Weighted
Remaining Original Principal Average
Term(2) Term(2) Balance(3) Life(2)
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
New Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks.......... 76.121mos. 77.412mos. 19.62% 3.624yrs.
Used Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks......... 67.067 68.323 70.88 3.168
New Vans (1)................................... 78.092 79.469 2.44 3.714
Used Vans (1).................................. 67.606 68.769 7.06 3.216
------ ------ ---- -----
All Receivables................................ 69.151mos. 70.410mos. 100.00% 3.268yrs.
====== ====== ====== =====
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) References to vans include minivans and van conversions.
(2) Based on scheduled maturity and assuming no prepayments of the Receivables.
(3) Sum may not equal 100% due to rounding.
<PAGE>
Geographic Distribution of the Receivables as of the Cutoff Date
Percent of Aggregate
State (1)(2) Principal Balance (3)
------------ ---------------------
Arizona................................................... 5.62%
California................................................ 11.28
Colorado.................................................. 3.24
Florida................................................... 5.45
Georgia................................................... 2.26
Illinois.................................................. 8.83
Indiana................................................... 4.06
Iowa...................................................... 1.62
Kansas.................................................... 0.78
Kentucky.................................................. 0.02
Maryland.................................................. 1.60
Missouri.................................................. 2.51
Nebraska.................................................. 0.15
New Mexico................................................ 0.85
North Carolina............................................ 11.44
Ohio...................................................... 5.65
Oklahoma.................................................. 6.24
Oregon.................................................... 0.97
South Carolina............................................ 1.79
Tennessee................................................. 0.56
Texas..................................................... 14.49
Virginia.................................................. 7.97
Washington................................................ 0.57
Wisconsin................................................. 2.05
------
TOTAL .............................................. 100.00%
======
- ----------
(1) Based on address of the Dealer selling the related Financed Vehicle.
(2) Receivables originated in Ohio were solicited by Dealers for direct
financing by UAC or the Predecessor. All other Receivables were
originated by Dealers and purchased from such Dealers by UAC or the
Predecessor.
(3) Sum may not equal to 100% due to rounding.
Distribution of Receivables Vehicles by Model Year
Principal
Model Number of Percentage Balance as of Percentage
Year Receivables of Total(1) Cut Off Date of Total(1)
- ---- ----------- ----------- ------------- -----------
1983............. 1 0.01% $4,104.65 0.00%
1984............. 1 0.01 5,919.58 0.00
1985............. 8 0.05 61,675.45 0.03
1986............. 37 0.21 172,261.45 0.07
1987............. 81 0.46 471,365.54 0.19
1988............. 415 2.34 2,818,525.88 1.15
1989............. 755 4.26 6,018,649.34 2.46
1990............. 1,264 7.13 11,966,770.06 4.88
1991............. 1,957 11.04 21,416,306.69 8.74
1992............. 2,320 13.09 28,959,313.87 11.82
1993............. 2,878 16.23 39,758,739.61 16.22
1994............. 2,758 15.56 41,521,848.34 16.94
1995............. 3,048 17.19 50,482,119.95 20.60
1996............. 2,141 12.08 40,065,112.58 16.35
1997............. 65 0.37 1,379,108.25 0.56
------ ------ --------------- ------
Total.......... 17,729 100.00% $245,101,821.24 100.00%
====== ====== =============== ======
- ----------
(1) Sum may not equal 100% due to rounding.
<PAGE>
Distribution of the Receivables by Note Rate as of the Cutoff Date
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage of
Aggregate Average Aggregate
Number of Principal Principal Principal
Note Rate Range Receivables Balance Balance Balance(1)
- ------------------ ----------- ------------- --------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
7.000 to 7.999%...................... 2 $38,556.94 19,278.47 0.02
8.000 to 8.999%...................... 17 248,908.92 14,641.70 0.10
9.000 to 9.999%...................... 212 3,060,138.70 14,434.62 1.25
10.000 to 10.999%...................... 1,614 23,633,071.49 14,642.55 9.64
11.000 to 11.999%...................... 3,103 46,271,056.80 14,911.72 18.88
12.000 to 12.999%...................... 5,184 73,159,112.44 14,112.48 29.85
13.000 to 13.999%...................... 4,073 54,797,616.60 13,453.87 22.36
14.000 to 14.999%...................... 1,788 22,890,246.86 12,802.15 9.34
15.000 to 15.999%...................... 731 9,120,491.54 12,476.73 3.72
16.000 to 16.999%...................... 344 4,264,285.51 12,396.18 1.74
17.000 to 17.999%...................... 262 3,272,896.90 12,491.97 1.34
18.000 to 18.999%...................... 262 3,133,976.52 11,961.74 1.28
19.000 to 19.999%...................... 60 607,213.54 10,120.23 0.25
20.000 to 20.999%...................... 59 490,390.64 8,311.71 0.20
21.000 to 22.999%...................... 13 76,095.50 5,853.50 0.03
23.000 to 23.999%...................... 1 14,729.04 14,729.04 0.01
24.000 to 24.999%...................... 2 11,720.24 5,860.12 0.00
25.000 to 25.999%...................... 2 11,313.06 5,656.53 0.00
------ --------------- ---------- ------
Total...................... 17,729 $245,101,821.24 $13,824.91 100.00%
====== =============== ========== ======
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Sum may not equal 100% due to rounding.
Distribution of the Receivables by Remaining Term as of the Cutoff Date
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage of
Remaining Aggregate Average Aggregate
Scheduled Number of Principal Principal Principal
Term Range Receivables Balance Balance Balance(1)
- --------------- ----------- --------------- --------- -------------
<C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
0 to 6 months................ 9 $12,168.38 $1,352.04 0.00
7 to 12 months................ 38 109,486.81 2,881.23 0.04
13 to 24 months................ 158 660,336.17 4,179.34 0.27
25 to 36 months................ 404 2,514,595.21 6,224.25 1.03
37 to 48 months................ 1,176 9,976,211.56 8,483.17 4.07
49 to 60 months................ 3,882 44,814,745.56 11,544.24 18.28
61 to 66 months................ 1,770 22,566,497.71 12,749.43 9.21
67 to 84 months................ 10,292 164,447,779.84 15,978.21 67.09
------ --------------- ---------- ------
Total................ 17,729 $245,101,821.24 $13,824.91 100.00%
====== =============== ========== ======
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Sum may not equal 100% due to rounding.
<PAGE>
Delinquencies, Repossessions and Net Losses
Set forth below is certain information concerning the experience of UAC and
the Predecessor pertaining to delinquencies, repossessions, and net losses on
its prime fixed rate retail automobile, light truck and van receivables serviced
by UAC and the Predecessor. There can be no assurance that the delinquency,
repossession, and net loss experience on the Receivables will be comparable to
that set forth below.
Delinquency Experience
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
At June 30, At March 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996
--------------------- ---------------- -------------------- ------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Number of Number of Number of Number of
Receivables Amount Receivables Amount Receivables Amount Receivables Amount
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Servicing portfolio(1)... 71,301 $581,858 91,937 $843,245 117,837 $1,159,349 137,346 $1,403,369
Delinquencies
30-59 days............ 458 3,267 907 8,389 1,169 12,097 1,574 17,421
60-89 days............ 160 1,345 213 2,118 377 4,124 785 9,354
90 days or more....... 97 816 137 1,324 0 0 530 6,130
Total delinquencies...... 715 5,428 1,257 11,832 1,546 16,221 2,889 32,905
Total delinquencies as a
percent of servicing
portfolio........... 1.00% 0.93% 1.37% 1.40% 1.31% 1.40 % 2.10% 2.34%
</TABLE>
Credit Loss Experience (1)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended Nine-months ended
June 30, March 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996
-------------------- --------------------- ------------------- ------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Number of Number of Number of Number of
Receivables Amount Receivables Amount Receivables Amount Receivables Amount
----------- -------- ----------- ------- ----------- ------ ----------- --------
Avg. servicing
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
portfolio(2) 63,072 $488,104 83,673 $744,149 103,682 $982,836 128,538 $1,293,686
Gross charge-offs........ 966 6,945 1,404 12,094 3,493 28,628 2,448 26,420
Recoveries (4)........... 3,823 6,946 15,258 12,965
-- ----- ----- ------ ------
Net Losses............... 3,122 5,148 13,370 13,455
===== ===== ====== ======
Gross charge-offs
as a % of avg.
servicing
portfolio(3).......... 1.53% 1.42 1.68% 1.63% 3.37% 2.91% 2.54%(5) 2.72%
Recoveries as a
% of gross
charge-offs........... 55.05% 57.43% 53.28% 49.07%
Net Losses as a
% of avg. servicing
portfolio(4).......... 0.64% 0.69% 1.36% 1.39%
</TABLE>
(1) There is generally no recourse to Dealers under any of the receivables in
the portfolio serviced by UAC or the Predecessor, except to the extent of
representations and warranties made by Dealers in connection with such
receivables.
(2) Equals the monthly arithmetic average, and includes receivables sold in
prior securitization transactions.
(3) Variation in the size of the portfolio serviced by UAC will affect the
percentages in "Gross Charge-Offs as a percentage of average servicing
portfolio" and "Net Losses as a percentage of average servicing portfolio."
(4) In fiscal 1995, the method by which recoveries are stated was changed.
Currently, recoveries include recoveries on receivables previously charged
off, cash recoveries and unsold repossessed assets carried at fair market
value. Under the previous method, reported recoveries excluded unsold
repossessed assets carried at fair market value. Prior period credit loss
experience has been restated to conform to current period classifications.
(5) Annualized
As indicated in the above tables, delinquency rates based upon outstanding
loan balances of accounts 30 days past due and over increased from 1.40% at June
30, 1995 to 2.34% at March 31, 1996 for the lending portfolio. The primary
reason for the increase in delinquencies is that UAC changed the way that it
measures and reports delinquencies beginning with the quarter ended September
30, 1995. If UAC had used its historical methods of measuring and reporting
delinquencies, UAC estimates that the March 31, 1996 delinquency balance would
have been approximately 1.73%. While the magnitude of the change in the reported
delinquency measure appears to be significant, UAC does not believe that it is
indicative of a material change in the underlying credit quality of UAC's
portfolio. Furthermore, UAC has implemented a number of policy and procedural
changes which are designed to improve the credit quality of the portfolio.
<PAGE>
The primary reason for the increase in delinquencies was that, beginning
with the quarter ended September 30, 1995, UAC began to include in the
delinquency calculations the accounts of customers who had filed for personal
bankruptcy, but whose cases have not been resolved. At March 31, 1996, 517
accounts which were pending bankruptcy resolution were included in delinquent
accounts. Previously, these accounts were not included in the delinquency
figures, since UAC could not take any action to rectify them until the
bankruptcy court resolved each case. UAC believes the risk of loss on these
accounts is low as approximately 76.53% of bankrupt dollars are eventually
collected since the courts generally either reaffirm these loans or allow
repossession of the vehicle.
As indicated in the tables above, credit losses as a percentage of the
average servicing portfolio increased from 1.36% at June 30, 1995 to an
annualized 1.39% at March 31, 1996, which actually represents a significant
decline from 1.73% annualized at September 30, 1995. The primary reason for the
recent rise in credit losses and a contributing factor in the increase in
delinquencies is loans UAC acquired during 1994 and early 1995 which have proven
to be of lower credit quality than loans UAC acquired prior to 1994 and after
the first quarter of 1995. UAC has determined that many of these lower quality
loans resulted from "low side overrides" which are loans made to customers whose
credit scores were below UAC's minimums, but which were made as a result of the
credit analyst's judgement that it the loans were acceptable. These loans have
had higher rates of delinquency and loss than those which met UAC's
requirements. Credit analyst discretion for making low side override loans has
been reduced and low side overrides have dropped from a high of 14.32% of the
UACSC 1995-A securitization pool to 3.31% of the UACSC 1996-A securitization
pool. UAC believes the disparity in the performance of the low side override
loans resulted from continuing the existing override policy despite the
implementation of a new scoring system in December 1993. UAC also believes that
the actual mix of loans purchased during 1994 may have been of somewhat lower
average credit quality as a result of competitive pricing pressures which
permitted higher quality borrowers to obtain lower cost loans from others. Loans
made during 1994 are currently in the peak period for delinquencies and credit
losses which UAC believes to be nine to 16 months from the date of closing. UAC
believes this is demonstrated by the decline in delinquencies and losses in the
quarter ending March 31, 1996 as compared to the quarters ending September 30,
1995 and December 31, 1995.
YIELD AND PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
General
Monthly Interest (as defined herein) on the Receivables will be distributed
to Certificateholders on each Distribution Date to the extent of the
Pass-Through Rate applied to the Certificate Balance or Notional Principal
Amount, as applicable, as of the preceding Distribution Date or the Closing
Date, as applicable (after giving effect to distributions of principal on such
preceding Distribution Date). See "The Offered Certificates --Distributions on
the Offered Certificates" herein. In the event of a full or partial prepayment
on a Receivable, Certificateholders will receive interest for the full month of
such prepayment either through the distribution of interest paid on other
Receivables or withdrawal from the Spread Account.
<PAGE>
Although the Receivables will have different Contract Rates, each
Receivable's Contract Rate generally will exceed the sum of (a) the Class A
Pass-Through Rate (b) the per annum rate used to calculate the Surety Bond Fee
(c) the Class I Pass-Through Rate and (d) the per annum rate used to calculate
the Servicing Fee. The Contract Rate on a small percentage of the Receivables,
however, will be less than the foregoing sum. Disproportionate rates of
prepayments between Receivables with higher and lower Contract Rates could
affect the ability of the Trust to distribute Monthly Interest to
Certificateholders.
The effective yield to Certificateholders will be below the yield otherwise
produced by the Pass-Through Rate because the distribution of Monthly Principal
and Monthly Interest in respect of any given month will not be made until the
related Distribution Date, which will not be earlier than the eighth day of the
following month.
The Class I Certificates
The Class I Certificates are interest only certificates. Although the
planned amortization feature of the Class I Certificates is intended to reduce
the uncertainty of prepayments with respect to the Class I Certificates, if the
Receivables prepay sufficiently quickly, the Notional Principal Amount of the
Class I Certificates may be reduced more quickly than provided in the Planned
Notional Principal Amount Schedule, thereby reducing the yield to the holders of
the Class I Certificates. The yield to maturity on the Class I Certificates will
therefore be very sensitive to the rate of prepayments, including voluntary
prepayments, prepayments due to liquidations, repurchases and losses and
prepayments resulting from any sale of the Receivables upon an Insolvency Event
relating to the Class IC Certificateholder. Prospective investors should fully
consider the associated risks, including the risk that a rapid rate of
prepayments could result in the failure of investors in the Class I Certificates
to recoup their initial investment. See "Risk Factors" and "The Offered
Certificates -- The Class I Certificates -- Calculation of Notional Principal
Amount", "-- Termination Upon Insolvency Event of the Class IC
Certificateholder" and "-- Class I Yield Considerations".
THE DEPOSITOR AND UAC
UAC currently acquires loans from over 2,000 manufacturer franchised
automobile dealerships in 44 metropolitan areas in 23 states. UAC is an Indiana
corporation, formed in December 1993 by the Predecessor to succeed to the
indirect automobile finance business of the Predecessor, which the Predecessor
had operated since 1986. UAC began purchasing and originating Receivables in
April 1994. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1995 UAC
and/or its Predecessor acquired loans aggregating $252 million, $435 million,
$615 million and $767 million, respectively, representing annual increases of
73%, 41% and 25%, respectively. Of the $1.40 billion of loans in the servicing
portfolio of UAC and its Predecessor (consisting of the principal balance of
loans held for sale and securitized loans) at March 31, 1996, approximately
72.8% represented loans on used cars and approximately 27.2% represented loans
on new cars.
Additional information regarding UAC and the Depositor is set forth under
"Union Acceptance Corporation and Affiliates" in the Prospectus.
THE SURETY BOND ISSUER
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation is the surety bond provider (the
"Surety Bond Issuer"). The Surety Bond Issuer is a New York-domiciled monoline
stock insurance company which engages only in the business of financial
guarantee and surety insurance. The Surety Bond Issuer is licensed in 50 states
in addition to the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the
territory of Guam. The Surety Bond Issuer insures structured asset-backed,
corporate, municipal and other financial obligations in the U.S. and
international capital markets. The Surety Bond Issuer also provides financial
guarantee reinsurance for structured asset-backed, corporate, municipal and
other financial obligations written by other major insurance companies.
<PAGE>
The Surety Bond Issuer's claims-paying ability is rated "Aaa" by Moody's
Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"), "AAA" by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services
("Standard & Poor's"), "AAA" by Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co. ("Duff &
Phelps") and "AAA" by Nippon Investors Service Inc. Such ratings reflect only
the views of the respective rating agencies, are not recommendations to buy,
sell or hold securities and are subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by
such rating agencies.
The Surety Bond Issuer is a wholly-owned subsidiary of CapMAC Holdings Inc.
("Holdings"). Neither Holdings nor any of its stockholders is obligated to pay
any claims under any surety bond issued by the Surety Bond Issuer or any debts
of the Surety Bond Issuer or to make additional capital contributions to the
Surety Bond Issuer.
The Surety Bond Issuer is regulated by the Superintendent of Insurance of
the State of New York. In addition, the Surety Bond Issuer is subject to
regulation by the insurance laws and regulations of the other jurisdictions in
which it is licensed. Such insurance laws regulate, among other things, the
amount of net exposure per risk that the Surety Bond Issuer may retain, capital
transfers, dividends, investment of assets, changes in control, transactions
with affiliates and consolidations and acquisitions. The Surety Bond Issuer is
subject to periodic regulatory examinations by the same regulatory authorities.
The Surety Bond Issuer's obligations under the Surety Bond(s) may be
reinsured. Such reinsurance does not relieve the Surety Bond Issuer of any of
its obligations under the Surety Bond(s).
THE SURETY BOND IS NOT COVERED BY THE PROPERTY/CASUALTY INSURANCE SECURITY FUND
SPECIFIED IN ARTICLE 76 OF THE NEW YORK INSURANCE LAW.
As at December 31, 1995 and 1994, the Surety Bond Issuer had qualified
statutory capital (which consists of policyholders' surplus and contingency
reserve) of approximately $240 million and $170 million, respectively, and had
not incurred any debt obligations. Article 69 of the New York State Insurance
Law requires the Surety Bond Issuer to establish and maintain the contingency
reserve, which is available to cover claims under surety bonds issued by the
Surety Bond Issuer.
The audited financial statements of the Surety Bond Issuer prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as of December 31, 1995
and 1994 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
1995 are made a part of this Prospectus Supplement beginning on page F-1. Copies
of the Surety Bond Issuer's financial statements prepared in accordance with
statutory accounting standards, which differ from generally accepted accounting
principles, and filed with the Insurance Department of the State of New York are
also available upon request. The Surety Bond Issuer is located at 885 Third
Avenue, New York, New York 10022, and its telephone number is (212) 755-1155.
THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES
The Offered Certificates will be issued pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. Copies of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (without
exhibits) may be obtained by Certificateholders upon request in writing to the
Servicer at the address set forth herein under "Reports to Certificateholders".
Citations to the relevant sections of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement appear
below in parentheses. The following summary does not purport to be complete and
is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement.
Distributions
In general, it is intended that the Trustee distribute to the Class A
Certificateholders on each Distribution Date beginning June 10, 1996, the
aggregate principal payments, including full and partial prepayments (except
certain prepayments in respect of Precomputed Receivables as described below
under "--Accounts") received on the Receivables during the related Collection
Period, plus a full month's interest at the Class A Pass-Through Rate. It is
also intended that the Trustee distribute to the Class I Certificateholders, on
each Distribution Date beginning on June 10, 1996 and continuing until the
Distribution Date on which the Class I Notional Principal Amount is reduced to
zero, a full month's interest at the Class I Pass-Through Rate on the Class I
Notional Principal Amount. (Section 9.04.) See "-- Distributions on the Offered
<PAGE>
Certificates". Interest to Certificateholders may be provided by a payment made
by or on behalf of the Obligor, by an Advance made by the Servicer to cover
interest due on a defaulted Receivable or by a withdrawal from the Spread
Account. If such interest represents Class A or Class I Monthly Interest it may
be provided by a draw on the Surety Bond if there are not sufficient funds
(after payment of the Monthly Servicing Fee and after giving effect to any
withdrawals from the Spread Account for the benefit of the Class A and Class I
Certificateholders) to pay Class I Monthly Interest, Class A Monthly Interest
and Monthly Principal. Draws on the Surety Bond to pay Class A and Class I
Monthly Interest and Monthly Principal will be limited to the Surety Bond
Amount. See "-- Sale and Assignment of Receivables" and "-- Accounts" herein.
The Class I Certificates -- Calculation of Notional Principal Amount
The Class I Certificates are interest-only planned amortization securities.
The Class I Certificates are entitled to receive interest at the Class I
Pass-Through Rate on the Notional Principal Amount of the Class I Certificates,
initially $198,386,511.59. The planned amortization feature is intended to
reduce the uncertainty to investors in the Class I Certificates with respect to
prepayments because the Class I Certificates will receive interest based on
their Notional Principal Amount on a principal paydown schedule rather than on
the reduction in the actual Certificate Balance as a result of principal
payments and prepayments, as described below. Solely for the purpose of
calculating the amount payable with respect to the Class I Certificates, the
Certificate Balance will be divided into two principal components, the "PAC
Component" and the "Companion Component". The Notional Principal Amount will be
equal to the PAC Component, originally $198,386,511.59. The sum of the PAC
Component and the Companion Component will at all times equal the then aggregate
unpaid Certificate Balance.
The Agreement establishes a schedule (the "Planned Notional Principal
Amount Schedule") pursuant to which principal will be allocated to the PAC
Component and the Companion Component, as described below. As the PAC Component
is reduced, the Notional Principal Amount of the Class I Certificates, and so
payments to the holders of the Class I Certificates, will also be reduced.
On each Distribution Date, the Monthly Principal will be allocated first to
the PAC Component up to the amount necessary to reduce the PAC Component to its
Planned Notional Principal Amount for such Distribution Date, as set forth in
the Planned Notional Principal Amount Schedule, second, to the Companion
Component until the balance thereof is reduced to zero and third, to the PAC
Component, without regard to the Planned Notional Principal Amount for such
Distribution Date. The foregoing allocations will be made solely for purposes of
calculating the Notional Principal Amount of the Class I Certificates and
correspondingly, the amount of interest payable with respect to the Class I
Certificates. The Class I Certificates are not entitled to receive any principal
payments. The foregoing calculations will not affect distributions of principal
with respect to the Class A Certificates.
<PAGE>
Planned Notional Principal Amount Schedule
Planned Notional
Distribution Date in Principal Amount
- -------------------- ---------------------
Initial................................................. $ 198,386,511.59
June 1996............................................... 191,920,196.77
July 1996............................................... 185,509,444.29
August 1996............................................. 179,155,304.17
September 1996.......................................... 172,858,842.59
October 1996............................................ 166,621,142.22
November 1996........................................... 160,443,302.47
December 1996........................................... 154,326,439.66
January 1997............................................ 148,271,687.28
February 1997........................................... 142,280,196.23
March 1997.............................................. 136,353,135.11
April 1997.............................................. 130,491,690.38
May 1997................................................ 124,697,066.72
June 1997............................................... 118,970,487.17
July 1997............................................... 113,313,193.44
August 1997............................................. 107,726,446.22
September 1997.......................................... 102,211,525.37
October 1997............................................ 96,769,730.22
November 1997........................................... 91,402,379.84
December 1997........................................... 86,110,813.30
January 1998............................................ 80,896,390.00
February 1998........................................... 75,760,489.88
March 1998.............................................. 70,704,513.75
April 1998.............................................. 65,729,883.58
May 1998................................................ 60,838,042.79
June 1998............................................... 56,030,456.53
July 1998............................................... 51,308,612.02
August 1998............................................. 46,674,018.79
September 1998.......................................... 42,128,209.10
October 1998............................................ 37,672,738.12
November 1998........................................... 33,309,184.37
December 1998........................................... 29,039,149.95
January 1999............................................ 24,864,260.91
February 1999........................................... 20,786,167.60
March 1999.............................................. 16,806,544.96
April 1999.............................................. 12,927,092.87
May 1999................................................ 9,149,536.56
June 1999............................................... 5,479,399.90
July 1999............................................... 2,041,508.74
August 1999............................................. 0.00
The Class I Certificates will not be entitled to any distributions after the
Notional Principal Amount of the Class I Certificates has been reduced to zero.
<PAGE>
Class I Yield Considerations
Although the planned amortization feature of the Class I Certificates is
intended to reduce the uncertainty relating to prepayments of the Receivables
with respect to the Class I Certificates, the yield to maturity of the Class I
Certificates will remain extremely sensitive to the prepayment experience of the
Receivables, including voluntary prepayments, prepayments due to liquidations,
repurchases and losses and prepayments resulting from any sale of the
Receivables upon an Insolvency Event relating to the Class IC Certificateholder.
Prospective investors should fully consider the associated risks, including the
risk that such investors may not fully recover their initial investment. In
particular, investors in the Class I Certificates should note that they will not
be entitled to any distributions after the Class I Notional Principal Amount has
been reduced to zero, and that Receivables may be repurchased due to breaches of
representations. See also "--Termination Upon Insolvency Event of the Class IC
Certificateholder" and "Risk Factors" herein.
The following table illustrates the significant effect that prepayments on
the Receivables have upon the yield to maturity of the Class I Certificates. The
table shows the approximate hypothetical pre-tax yields to maturity of the Class
I Certificates, stated on a corporate bond equivalent basis, under four
different prepayment assumptions based on the assumed purchase price and the ABS
prepayment model described below. The following table also assumes that the
Receivables have been aggregated into four hypothetical pools having the
following characteristics and that the level scheduled monthly payment for each
of the four pools (which is based on its principal balance, weighted average
Contract Rate and weighted average remaining term as of the Cut Off Date and its
weighted average original term) will be such that such pool will be fully
amortized by the end of its weighted average remaining term.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted Average Weighted Average
Cut Off Date Weighted Average Remaining Term to Original Term to
Pool Principal Balance Note Rate Maturity (in Months) Maturity (in Months)
- ---- ----------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1 $ 13,272,798.13 13.679% 42 45
2 44,814,745.56 13.150 58 59
3 110,757,919.15 12.870 70 71
4 76,256,358.40 12.847 79 81
</TABLE>
For purposes of the table, it is also assumed that (i) the purchase price
of the Class I Certificates is as set forth below, (ii) the Receivables have the
characteristics set forth under "-- The Class I Certificates --Calculation of
Notional Principal Amount" above, (iii) the Receivables prepay monthly` at the
specified percentages of ABS as set forth in the table below, (iv) prepayments
representing prepayments in full of individual Receivables are received on the
last day of the month and include a full month's interest thereon, (v) the
Closing Date for the Offered Certificates is May 17, 1996, (vi) distributions on
the Offered Certificates are made, in cash, on the eighth day of each month,
commencing in June, 1996, (vii) no defaults or delinquencies in the payment of
the Receivables are experienced, and (viii) no Receivable is repurchased for
breach of representation and warranty or otherwise.
Sensitivity of the Class I Certificates to Prepayments
1.0% 1.6% 1.8% 2.5% 3.0%
Price(1) ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS
- --------- ------- ------ ------ ------ --------
3.701902% 26.963% 6.980% 6.980% 6.980% -3.074%
- ----------
(l) Expressed as a percentage of the original Notional Principal Amount.
Based on the assumptions described above and assuming a purchase price of
3.701902% at approximately 2.878% ABS, the pre-tax yield to maturity of the
Class I Certificates would be approximately 0%.
<PAGE>
It is highly unlikely that the Receivables will prepay at a constant rate
until maturity or that all of the Receivables will prepay at the same rate. The
foregoing table assumes that each Receivable bears interest at its specified
Contract Rate, has the same remaining amortization term, and prepays at the same
rate. In fact, receivables will prepay at different rates and have different
terms.
The yields set forth in the preceding table were calculated by determining
the monthly discount rates which, when applied to the assumed stream of cash
flows to be paid on the Class I Certificates, would cause the discounted present
value of such assumed cash flows to equal the assumed purchase price of such
Class I Certificates and by converting such monthly rates to corporate bond
equivalent rates. Such calculations do not take into account variations that may
occur in the interest rates at which investors may be able to reinvest funds
received by them as distributions on the Class I Certificates and consequently
do not purport to reflect the return on any investment in the Class I
Certificates when such reinvestment rates are considered.
The Receivables will not necessarily have the characteristics assumed
above, and there can be no assurance that (i) the Receivables will prepay at any
of the rates shown in the table or at any other particular rate or will prepay
proportionately, (ii) the pre-tax yield on the Class I Certificates will
correspond to any of the pre-tax yields shown above or (iii) the aggregate
purchase price of the Class I Certificates will be equal to the purchase price
assumed. Because the Receivables will include Receivables that have remaining
terms to stated maturity shorter or longer than those assumed and Contract Rates
higher or lower than those assumed, the pre-tax yield on the Class I
Certificates may differ from those set forth above, even if all of the
Receivables prepay at the indicated constant prepayment rates.
As used herein, "ABS" refers to a prepayment model which assumes a constant
percentage of the original number of contracts in a pool prepay each month. ABS
does not purport to be either an historical description of the prepayment
experience of any pool of receivables or a prediction of the anticipated rate of
prepayments of any pool of receivables, including the Receivables.
Sale and Assignment of Receivables
Certain information with respect to the conveyance of the Receivables (i)
from Union Acceptance Funding Corporation ("UAFC") to the Depositor pursuant to
the Purchase Agreement dated as of May 1, 1996, among UAFC, UAC and the
Depositor and (ii) from the Depositor to the Trust pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement is set forth under "The Transfer and Servicing Agreements --
Sale and Assignment of the Receivables" in the Prospectus.
Accounts
In addition to the Certificate Account, the property of the Trust will
include the Spread Account and the Payahead Account.
Spread Account. On the Closing Date, the Depositor will establish the
Spread Account. Thereafter, the amount held in the Spread Account will be
increased up to the Required Spread Amount by the deposit thereto of payments on
the Receivables not utilized to make payments to the Certificateholders (other
than the Class IC Certificateholder), the Surety Bond Issuer or the Servicer on
any Distribution Date. While it is intended that the Spread Account will grow
over time to equal the Required Spread Amount through monthly deposits of excess
collections on the Receivables, if any, there can be no assurance that such
growth will actually occur. The Spread Account will be established for the
benefit of the Class A and Class I Certificateholders and the Surety Bond
Issuer. On each Distribution Date, any amounts on deposit in the Spread Account
after the payment of any amounts owed to the Surety Bond Issuer in excess of the
Required Spread Amount will be withdrawn from the Spread Account and distributed
to the Class IC Certificateholder.
Under the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee will
withdraw funds from the Spread Account and transfer them to the Certificate
Account for any deficiency of Monthly Interest or Monthly Principal as further
described below under "-- Distributions on the Offered Certificates", to the
extent available, prior to making any draw on the Surety Bonds.
<PAGE>
In the event that the balance of the Spread Account is reduced to zero and
there is a default under the Surety Bond on any Distribution Date, the Trust
will depend solely on current distributions on the Receivables to make
distributions of principal and interest on the Certificates. Any reduction in
the principal balance of the Receivables due to losses on the Receivables will
also result in a reduction of the Notional Principal Amount of the Class I
Certificates. In addition, because the market value of motor vehicles generally
declines with age and because of difficulties that may be encountered in
enforcing motor vehicle contracts as described in the Prospectus under "Certain
Legal Aspects of the Receivables," the Servicer may not recover the entire
amount due on such Receivables in the event of a repossession and resale of a
Financed Vehicle securing a Receivable in default. In such event, the
Certificateholders may suffer a corresponding loss. Any such losses would be
borne pro rata by the Class A Certificateholders and Class I Certificateholders.
Payahead Account. The Servicer will establish an additional account (the
"Payahead Account"), in the name of the Trustee and for the benefit of Obligors
on the Receivables, into which, to the extent required by the Agreement, early
payments by or on behalf of Obligors on Precomputed Receivables will be
deposited until such time as the payment becomes due. Until such time as
payments are transferred from the Payahead Account to the Certificate Account,
they will not constitute collected interest or collected principal and will not
be available for distribution to Certificateholders. The Payahead Account will
initially be maintained with the Trustee. Interest earned on the balance in the
Payahead Account will be remitted to the Servicer monthly. Collections on a
Precomputed Receivable made during a Collection Period shall be applied first to
any overdue scheduled payment on such Receivable, then to the scheduled payment
on such Receivable due in such Collection Period. If any collections remaining
after the scheduled payment is made are insufficient to prepay the Precomputed
Receivable in full, then generally such remaining collections shall be
transferred to and kept in the Payahead Account until such later Collection
Period as the collections may be retransferred to the Certificate Account and
applied either to a later scheduled payment or to prepay such Receivable in
full.
Advances
With respect to each Receivable delinquent more than 30 days at the end of
a Collection Period, the Servicer will make an Advance in an amount equal to 30
days of interest, but only to the extent that the Servicer in its sole
discretion, expects to recoup the Advance from subsequent collections on the
Receivable. The Servicer will deposit the Advance in the Certificate Account on
or before the fifth calendar day of the month following the Collection Period.
The Servicer will recoup its Advance from subsequent payments by or on behalf of
the respective Obligor, from insurance proceeds or, upon the Servicer's
determination that reimbursement from the preceding sources is unlikely, will
recoup its Advance from any collections made on other Receivables. (Section
9.05.)
Distributions on the Class IC Certificate
The Class IC Certificate will be initially issued to the Depositor and will
entitle it to receive monthly all funds held in the Spread Account in excess of
the Required Spread Amount after payment of all amounts owed to the Surety Bond
Issuer. Upon termination of the Trust the Class IC Certificateholder is entitled
to receive any amounts remaining in the Spread Account (only after all required
payments to the Surety Bond Issuer are made) after the payment of expenses and
distributions to Certificateholders. See "-- Accounts" above.
Distributions on the Offered Certificates
The Servicer will deposit in the Certificate Account the amount of payments
on all Receivables received with respect to the preceding Collection Period. All
such payments on the Simple Interest Receivables, the scheduled payments on
Precomputed Receivables, plus the net amount to be transferred from the Payahead
Account for the related Distribution Date, all Advances for such Collection
Period, and the Purchase Amount for all Receivables that became Purchased
Receivables during the preceding Collection Period, will be available for
distribution pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement on the
next succeeding Distribution Date ("Available Funds") and will determine the
<PAGE>
amount of funds necessary to make distributions of Monthly Principal and Monthly
Interest to the Certificateholders and the Monthly Servicing Fee to the
Servicer. If there is a deficiency with respect to Class A or Class I Monthly
Interest or Monthly Principal on any Distribution Date after giving effect to
payments of the Monthly Servicing Fee on such Distribution Date, the Servicer
will withdraw amounts, to the extent available, from the Spread Account in the
amount of such deficiency and notify the Trustee of any remaining deficiency,
whereupon the Trustee will draw on the Surety Bond to pay Class A and Class I
Monthly Interest and Monthly Principal on any Distribution Date, up to the
Surety Bond Amount. Moreover, if the Available Funds for a Distribution Date are
insufficient to pay current and past due Surety Bond Fees, and other amounts
owed to the Surety Bond Issuer, pursuant to the Insurance Agreement, plus
accrued interest thereon, to the Surety Bond Issuer, the Servicer will notify
the Trustee of such deficiency, and the amount, if any, then on deposit in the
Spread Account (after giving effect to any withdrawal to satisfy a deficiency
described in the two preceding sentences) will be available to cover such
deficiency.
If acceptable to each Rating Agency without a reduction in the rating of
any class of Offered Certificates, the Servicing Fee due to the Servicer in
respect of each Collection Period will be distributed to the Servicer during
such Collection Period from Collections for such Collection Period.
On each such Distribution Date, the Trustee will apply or cause to be
applied the Available Funds (plus, to the extent required for payment of Monthly
Interest or Monthly Principal any amounts withdrawn from the Spread Account or
drawn on the Surety Bond, as applicable) to make the following payments in the
following priority:
(a) the aggregate amount of outstanding Advances on all Receivables (x) that
became Defaulted Receivables during the prior Collection Period and (y)
that the Servicer determines to be unrecoverable, to the Servicer;
(b) the Servicing Fee, including any overdue Servicing Fee, to the Servicer, to
the extent not previously distributed to the Servicer;
(c) pro rata, (y) Monthly Principal and Class A Monthly Interest, including any
overdue Monthly Principal and Class A Monthly Interest, to the Class A
Certificateholders and (z) Class I Monthly Interest, including any overdue
Class I Monthly Interest, to the Class I Certificateholders;
(d) the Surety Bond Fee to the Surety Bond Issuer;
(e) the amount of recoveries of Advances (to the extent such recoveries have
not previously been reimbursed to the Servicer pursuant to clause (a)
above), to the Servicer;
(f) the amount of Liquidation Proceeds on Purchased Receivables purchased by
the Servicer, to the Servicer;
(g) the amount of Liquidation Proceeds on Purchased Receivables repurchased by
the Depositor, to the Depositor; (h) the aggregate amount of any
unreimbursed draws on the Surety Bond payable to the Surety Bond Issuer,
under the Insurance Agreement, for Class A Monthly Interest, Class I
Monthly Interest and Monthly Principal, plus accrued interest thereon and
any other amounts owing to the Surety Bond Issuer under the Insurance
Agreement; and
(i) the balance into the Spread Account.
After all distributions pursuant to clauses (a) through (i) above have been
made for each Distribution Date, the amount of funds remaining in the Spread
Account on such date, if any, in excess of the Required Spread Amount, will be
distributed by the Trustee to the Class IC Certificateholder. Any amounts so
distributed to the Class IC Certificateholder will no longer be property of the
Trust and Certificateholders will have no rights with respect thereto.
If on any Distribution Date there are not sufficient Available Funds to pay
the distribution required by (c) above, the Available Funds distributable
thereunder shall be distributed proportionately on the basis of the ratio of the
required distribution due each of the Class A and Class I Certificateholders,
respectively, to the sum of the distributions required by (c) to the Class A
<PAGE>
Certificateholders and the Class I Certificateholders. The amount so distributed
to the Class A Certificateholders hereunder shall be allocated first to Class A
Monthly Interest, and second to Monthly Principal.
"Monthly Interest" for any Distribution Date will equal the sum of the
Class A Monthly Interest and the Class I Monthly Interest.
"Class A Monthly Interest" for any Distribution Date will equal (i) for the
first Distribution Date, the product of the following: (one-twelfth of the Class
A Pass-Through Rate) multiplied by (the number of days remaining in the month of
the Closing Date (assuming a 30 day month) from the Closing Date divided by 30)
multiplied by (the Certificate Balance at the Closing Date) and (ii) with
respect to each subsequent Distribution Date, the product of one-twelfth of the
Class A Pass-Through Rate and the Certificate Balance on the preceding
Distribution Date (after giving effect to any distribution of Monthly Principal
required to be made on such preceding Distribution Date).
"Monthly Principal" for any Distribution Date will equal the amount
necessary to reduce the Certificate Balance to the aggregate unpaid principal
balance of the Receivables on the last day of the preceding Collection Period;
provided, however, that Monthly Principal on the final scheduled Distribution
Date will equal the Certificate Balance on such date. For the purpose of
determining Monthly Principal, the unpaid principal balance of a Defaulted
Receivable or a Purchased Receivable is deemed to be zero on and after the last
day of the Collection Period in which such Receivable became a Defaulted
Receivable or a Purchased Receivable.
"Class I Monthly Interest" for any Distribution Date will equal (i) for the
first Distribution Date, the product of the following: (one-twelfth of the Class
I Pass-Through Rate) multiplied by (the number of days remaining in the month of
the Closing Date (assuming a 30 day month) from the Closing Date divided by 30)
multiplied by (the Class I Notional Principal Amount at the Closing Date) and
(ii) with respect to each subsequent Distribution Date, the product of
one-twelfth of the Class I Pass-Through Rate and the Notional Principal Amount
on the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect to any application of
Monthly Principal on such preceding Distribution Date).
"Surety Bond Fee" for any Distribution Date will equal one-twelfth of the
product of the Surety Bond per annum fee rate set forth in the Insurance
Agreement and the Certificate Balance calculated as of the first day of the
Collection Period to which such Distribution Date relates and payable monthly in
arrears.
"Defaulted Receivable" will mean, for any Collection Period, a Receivable
as to which any of the following has occurred: (i) the Receivable is 120 days or
more delinquent as of the last day of such Collection Period; (ii) the Financed
Vehicle that secures the Receivable has been repossessed; or (iii) the
Receivable has been determined to be uncollectable in accordance with the
Servicer's customary practices on or prior to the last day of such Collection
Period; provided, however, that any Receivable which the Depositor or the
Servicer is obligated to repurchase or purchase pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement shall be deemed not to be a Defaulted Receivable.
As an administrative convenience, the Servicer will be permitted to make
the deposit of Collections and aggregate Advances and Purchase Amounts for or
with respect to the Collection Period, net of distributions to be made to the
Servicer or Depositor with respect to the Collection Period. The Servicer,
however, will account to the Trustee and to the Certificateholders as if all
deposits and distributions were made individually. (Section 9.06.)
<PAGE>
The following chart sets forth an example of the application of the
foregoing provisions to a monthly distribution:
May 1-31 ...............................Collection Period. The Servicer receives
monthly payments, prepayments, and other
proceeds in respect of the Receivables
and deposits them in the Certificate
Account. The Servicer may deduct the
Servicing Fee from such deposits.
May 31 .................................Record Date. Distributions on the
Distribution Date are made to
Certificateholders of record at the
close of business on this date.
June 5 .................................On the fifth calendar day after the end
of the Collection Period (the
"Determination Date") the Servicer
notifies the Trustee of the amounts to
be distributed on the Distribution Date
and of any deficiencies.
June 10 ................................On the third business day after the
Determination Date (the "Distribution
Date") the Trustee withdraws funds from
the Spread Account and/or draws on the
Surety Bond, if necessary, to pay
Monthly Principal and Monthly Interest
to Certificateholders as described
herein. The Trustee distributes to
Certificateholders amounts payable in
respect of the Offered Certificates, and
pays the Servicing Fee to the extent not
previously paid, the Surety Bond Fee and
any amounts owing to the Surety Bond
Issuer.
The Surety Bond
On or before the Closing Date, the Depositor and UAC, in its individual
capacity and as Servicer, and the Surety Bond Issuer will enter into an
Insurance and Reimbursement Agreement (the "Insurance Agreement") pursuant to
which the Surety Bond Issuer will issue the Surety Bond. Under the terms of the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, after withdrawal of any amounts in the Spread
Account with respect to a Distribution Date to pay a deficiency in Class A or
Class I Monthly Interest or Monthly Principal, the Trustee will be authorized to
draw on the Surety Bond for the benefit of the Class A and Class I
Certificateholders and credit the Certificate Account for such draws as
described under "Description of the Offered Certificates--Distributions in
Offered Certificates." The maximum amount that may be drawn under the Surety
Bond on any Distribution Date is limited to the Surety Bond Amount for such
Distribution Date. The Surety Bond Amount, with respect to any Distribution
Date, shall equal (x) the sum of (A) the lesser of (i) the Certificate Balance
(after giving effect to any distribution of Available Funds and any funds
withdrawn from the Spread Account to pay Monthly Principal on such Distribution
Date) and (ii) the Net Principal Surety Bond Amount, plus (B) Class A Monthly
Interest, plus (C) Class I Monthly Interest, plus (D) the Monthly Servicing Fee;
less (y) all amounts on deposit in the Spread Account on such Distribution Date.
"Net Principal Surety Bond Amount" means the Certificate Balance as of the first
Distribution Date minus all amounts previously drawn on the Surety Bond or from
the Spread Account with respect to Monthly Principal.
The Surety Bond Issuer will be entitled to receive the Surety Bond Fee
and certain other amounts on each Distribution Date as described under
"Distributions on Certificates" and to receive amounts on deposit in the Spread
Account as described above under "The Spread Account." The Surety Bond Issuer
will not be entitled to reimbursement of any amounts from the
Certificateholders. The Surety Bond Issuer's obligation under the Surety Bond is
irrevocable. The Surety Bond Issuer will have no obligation other than its
obligations under the Surety Bond to the Certificateholders or the Trustee.
In the event that the balance in the Spread Account is reduced to zero
and there has been a default under the Surety Bond, the Trust may depend solely
on current distributions on the Receivables to make distributions of principal
and interest on the Offered Certificates. Any reduction in the principal balance
of the Receivables due to losses on the Receivables may also result in a
reduction of the Notional Principal Amount of the Class I Certificates. In
addition, because the market value of motor vehicles generally declines with age
and because of difficulties that may be encountered in enforcing motor vehicle
contracts as described in the Prospectus under "Certain Legal Aspects of the
<PAGE>
Receivables," the Servicer may not recover the entire amount due on such
Receivables in the event of a repossession and resale of a Financed Vehicle
securing a Receivable in default. In such event, the Certificateholders may
suffer a corresponding loss. Any such losses would be borne pro rata by the
Class A Certificateholders and Class I Certificateholders.
Unlimited Liability of the Class IC Certificateholder
The Class IC Certificateholder has agreed to assume unlimited personal
liability to any creditor of the Trust (other than the Trustee and the
Certificateholders in certain circumstances). Third party creditors may rely on
such agreement as third-party beneficiaries. (Section 7.08.)
Termination Upon Insolvency Event of the Class IC Certificateholder
If an Insolvency Event (as defined below) occurs with respect to the
Class IC Certificateholder, the Class IC Certificateholder will promptly give
notice to the Trustee of such event. Under the terms of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, within 15 days of such notice, the Trustee shall (i)
publish a notice of such Insolvency Event stating that the Trustee intends to
sell, dispose of, or otherwise liquidate the Receivables in a commercially
reasonable manner and (ii) send written notice to the Certificateholders
requesting instructions from such holders. Unless instructed otherwise within a
specified period by holders of more than 51% of the Certificate Balance and
holders of more than 51% of the Class I Notional Principal Amount or unless
otherwise prohibited by applicable law, the Trustee will sell, dispose of or
otherwise liquidate the Receivables in a commercially reasonable manner and on
commercially reasonable terms. The proceeds from the sale, disposition or
liquidation of the Receivables will be distributed to Class A and Class I
Certificateholders each in respect of their remaining capital investment, and
the Trustee will then distribute amounts owing the Surety Bond Issuer and the
Class IC Certificateholder and proceed to wind up and terminate the Trust. If
such proceeds are not sufficient to pay any accrued and unpaid Class A Monthly
Interest, Monthly Principal, the remaining Pool Balance and any accrued but
unpaid Class I Monthly Interest and the Surety Bond Issuer in full, the Spread
Account may not be available to cover such deficiency, and the Offered
Certificateholders could incur a loss. The Surety Bond is not available to pay
such shortfall. Furthermore, any distributions of such proceeds will have the
same effect as a prepayment of the Receivables and would affect the yield on the
Class A Certificates and could significantly affect the yield on the Class I
Certificates. (Section 16.03.)
An "Insolvency Event" means, with respect to the Class IC
Certificateholder, (i) the entry of a decree or order by a court or agency or
supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises for the appointment of
a trustee in bankruptcy for the Class IC Certificateholder in any insolvency,
readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities, or similar
proceedings, or for the winding up or liquidation of the Class IC
Certificateholder's affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order
unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or (ii) the consent
by the Class IC Certificateholder to the appointment of a trustee in bankruptcy
in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities,
or similar proceedings of or relating to the Class IC Certificateholder or of or
relating to substantially all of its property; or (iii) the Class IC
Certificateholder admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as
they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency
or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors,
or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations. The Depositor, the initial
Class IC Certificateholder, is a special purpose corporation the activities of
which are circumscribed by its charter with a view to reducing any risk of its
bankruptcy.
In the event of a liquidation of the Trust due to an Insolvency Event
with respect to the Class IC Certificateholder, the Surety Bonds will not be
available to pay a deficiency if the liquidation proceeds are less than the
Certificate Balance of the Receivables at the time of such liquidation.
Rights of the Surety Bond Issuer upon Events of Default, Amendment or Waiver
Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Surety Bond Issuer, or
the Trustee upon the consent of the Surety Bond Issuer, will be entitled to
appoint a successor Servicer. In addition to the events constituting an Event of
<PAGE>
Default as described in the Prospectus, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will
also permit the Surety Bond Issuer to appoint a successor Servicer and to
redirect payments made under the Receivables to the Trustee upon the occurrence
of certain additional events involving a failure of performance by the Servicer
or a material misrepresentation made by the Servicer under the Insurance
Agreement.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement cannot be amended or any provisions
thereof waived without the consent of the Surety Bond Issuer if such amendment
or waiver would have a materially adverse effect upon the rights of the Surety
Bond Issuer.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Subject to the considerations set forth under "ERISA Considerations" in the
Prospectus, the Class A Certificates and the Class I Certificates may be
eligible for purchase by an employee benefit plan or an individual retirement
account (a "Plan") subject to ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). A fiduciary of a Plan must determine that the
purchase of a ClassACertificate or of a Class I Certificates is consistent with
its fiduciary duties under ERISA and does not result in a nonexempt prohibited
transaction as defined in Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. For
additional information regarding treatment of the ClassA Certificates and the
Class I Certificates under ERISA, see "ERISA Considerations" in the Prospectus.
UNDERWRITING
Under the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the underwriting
agreement for the sale of the Offered Certificates, dated May -, 1996, the
Depositor has agreed to sell and each of the underwriters named below (the
"Underwriters") severally agreed to purchase the principal amount of the Offered
Certificates set forth opposite its name below:
Notional
Principal
Principal Amount Amount of
of Class A Class I
Underwriters Certificates Certificates
------------ ---------------- -----------------
Salomon Brothers Inc...................... $122,550,091.62 $198,386,511.59
NationsBanc Capital Markets, Inc.......... 122,550,091.62 0.00
--------------- ---------------
Total........................ $245,101,821.24 $198,386,511.59
=============== ===============
In the underwriting agreement, the Underwriters have agreed, subject to the
terms and conditions set forth therein, to purchase all the Offered Certificates
offered hereby if any of the Offered Certificates are purchased.
The Underwriters propose to offer part of the Offered Certificates directly
to the public at the prices set forth on the cover page hereof, and part to
certain dealers at a price that represents a concession not in excess of % of
the denominations of the ClassA Certificates or % of the Notional Principal
Amount of the Class I Certificates. The Underwriters may allow and such dealers
may reallow a concession not in excess of % of the denominations of the Class A
Certificates or % of the Notional Principal Amount of the Class I Certificates
to certain other dealers.
The Depositor and UAC have agreed to indemnify the Underwriters against
certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
The Depositor has been advised by the Underwriters that the Underwriters
presently intend to make a market in the Offered Certificates, as permitted by
applicable laws and regulations. The Underwriters are not obligated, however, to
make a market in the Offered Certificates and any such market-making may be
discontinued at any time at the sole discretion of the Underwriters.
Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the liquidity of, or trading
markets for, the Offered Certificates.
<PAGE>
LEGAL OPINIONS
Certain legal matters relating to the Offered Certificates will be passed
upon for the Depositor by Barnes & Thornburg, Indianapolis, Indiana, and for the
Underwriters by Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft. Certain federal income tax
consequences with respect to the Offered Certificates will be passed upon for
the Depositor by Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft.
EXPERTS
The financial statements of the Surety Bond Issuer, Capital Markets
Assurance Corporation, as of December 31, 1995 and 1994 and for the three years
ended December 31, 1995 are included herein beginning on page F-1 and have been
audited by KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, independent certified public accountants, as
set forth in their audit report thereon and are included in reliance upon the
authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The report of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP covering the financial statements noted
above refers to Capital Markets Assurance Corporation's adoption at December 31,
1993 of Financial Accounting Standards Board's Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities."
INDEX OF PRINCIPAL TERMS
TERM PAGE
- ---- --------
ABS ............................................................ S-22
Available Funds ................................................ S-23
Certificates ................................................. S-1
Certificate Balance.............................................. S-3
Class A Certificateholders ................................... S-3
Class A Certificates ........................................ S-1
Class A Monthly Interest ....................................... S-25
Class A Pass-Through Rate .................................... S-3
Class I Certificateholders .................................. S-4
Class I Certificates ......................................... S-1
Class I Monthly Interest ....................................... S-25
Class I Notional Principal Amount ........................... S-1, S-4
Class I Pass-Through Rate .................................... S-1, S-4
Class IC Certificate ......................................... S-1
Class IC Certificateholder ................................... S-7
Closing Date ................................................. S-3
Code .......................................................... S-28
Companion Component.............................................. S-5, S-19
Cutoff Date .................................................. S-1
Defaulted Receivable ............................................ S-25
Depositor .................................................... S-1, S-3
Determination Date............................................... S-26
Distribution Date ............................................. S-1, S-4
Duff & Phelps.................................................... S-18
ERISA ........................................................ S-9
Holdings......................................................... S-18
Insolvency Event ............................................... S-27
Insurance Agreement ............................................. S-26
Moody's.......................................................... S-18
Monthly Interest ............................................... S-24
<PAGE>
Monthly Principal .............................................. S-4, S-25
Monthly Servicing Fee............................................ S-5
Net Principal Surety Bond Amount................................. S-7, S-26
Offered Certificates .......................................... S-1, S-4
Optional Sale ............................................... S-8
Original Notional Principal Amount............................... S-1, S-4
PAC Component.................................................... S-5, S-19
Payahead Account ................................................ S-23
Planned Notional Principal Amount Schedule ..................... S-5, S-19
Plan ........................................................... S-28
Pool Balance ................................................ S-4
Pooling and Servicing Agreement ............................. S-3
Receivables .................................................. S-1
Record Date .................................................. S-3
Required Spread Amount ....................................... S-7
Servicer ..................................................... S-3
Spread Account................................................... S-6
Standard & Poor's................................................ S-18
Surety Bond...................................................... S-1, S-7
Surety Bond Amount............................................... S-8
Surety Bond Fee ................................................. S-25
Surety Bond Issuer .............................................. S-8, S-17
Total Yield Supplement Deposit ................................. S-22
Trust ........................................................ S-1
Trustee ...................................................... S-3
UAC .......................................................... S-3
UAFC .......................................................... S-22
Underwriters ................................................... S-28
<PAGE>
CAPITAL MARKETS ASSURANCE CORPORATION
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993
(With Independent Auditors' Report Thereon)
<PAGE>
[LETTERHEAD OF PEAT MARWICH LLP]
Independent Auditors' Report
The Board of Directors
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Capital Markets Assurance
Corporation as of December 31, 1995 and 1994 and the related statements of
income, stockholder's equity and cash flows for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 1995. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Capital Markets Assurance
Corporation as of December 31, 1995 and 1994 and the results of its operations
and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December
31, 1995 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in note 2, the Company changed its method of accounting for
investments to adopt the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards
Board's Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, "Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities," at December 31, 1993.
/S/ KPMG Peat Marwick
January 25, 1996
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Balance Sheets
(Dollars in Thousands)
ASSETS
December 31 December 31
1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investments:
Bonds at fair value (amortized cost $210,651
at December 31, 1995 and $178,882
at December 31, 1994) $215,706 172,016
Short-term investments (at amortized cost
which approximates fair value) 68,646 2,083
Mutual funds at fair value (cost $16,434
at December 31, 1994) - 14,969
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total investments 284,352 189,068
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash 344 85
Accrued investment income 3,136 2,746
Deferred acquisition costs 35,162 24,860
Premiums receivable 3,540 3,379
Prepaid reinsurance 13,171 5,551
Other assets 3,428 3,754
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $343,133 229,443
================================================================================
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Liabilities:
Unearned premiums $45,767 25,905
Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses 6,548 5,191
Ceded reinsurance 2,469 1,497
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses 10,844 10,372
Current income taxes 136 -
Deferred income taxes 11,303 3,599
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities 77,067 46,564
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stockholder's Equity:
Common stock 15,000 15,000
Additional paid-in capital 205,808 146,808
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments,
net of tax 3,286 (5,499)
Retained earnings 41,972 26,570
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholder's equity 266,066 182,879
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity $343,133 229,443
================================================================================
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Revenues:
Direct premiums written $56,541 43,598 24,491
Assumed premiums written 935 1,064 403
Ceded premiums written (15,992) (11,069) (3,586)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net premiums written 41,484 33,593 21,308
Increase in unearned premiums (12,242) (10,490) (3,825)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net premiums earned 29,242 23,103 17,483
Net investment income 11,953 10,072 10,010
Net realized capital gains 1,301 92 1,544
Other income 2,273 120 354
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenues 44,769 33,387 29,391
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expenses:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses 3,141 1,429 902
Underwriting and operating expenses 13,808 11,833 11,470
Policy acquisition costs 7,203 4,529 2,663
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total expenses 24,152 17,791 15,035
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 20,617 15,596 14,356
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income Taxes:
Current income tax 2,113 865 1,002
Deferred income tax 3,102 2,843 2,724
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total income taxes 5,215 3,708 3,726
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME $15,402 11,888 10,630
================================================================================
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Statements of Stockholder's Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Common stock:
Balance at beginning of period $15,000 15,000 15,000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period 15,000 15,000 15,000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additional paid-in capital:
Balance at beginning of period 146,808 146,808 146,808
Paid-in capital 59,000 - -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period 205,808 146,808 146,808
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unrealized (depreciation) appreciation
on investments, net of tax:
Balance at beginning of period (5,499) 3,600 -
Unrealized appreciation
(depreciation) on investments 8,785 (9,099) 3,600
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period 3,286 (5,499) 3,600
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retained earnings:
Balance at beginning of period 26,570 14,682 4,052
Net income 15,402 11,888 10,630
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period 41,972 26,570 14,682
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholder's equity $266,066 182,879 180,090
================================================================================
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollar in thousands)
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $15,402 11,888 10,630
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adjustments to reconcile net
income to net cash provided
(used) by operating activities:
Reserve for losses
and loss adjustment expenses 1,357 1,429 902
Unearned premiums 19,862 15,843 4,024
Deferred acquisition costs (10,302) (9,611) (9,815)
Premiums receivable (161) (2,103) (432)
Accrued investment income (390) (848) (110)
Income taxes payable 3,621 2,611 2,872
Net realized capital gains (1,301) (92) (1,544)
Accounts payable and other accrued
expenses 472 3,726 1,079
Prepaid reinsurance (7,620) (5,352) (199)
Other, net 992 689 1,201
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total adjustments 6,530 6,292 (2,022)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by
operating activities 21,932 18,180 8,608
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments (158,830) (77,980) (139,061)
Proceeds from sales of investments 49,354 39,967 24,395
Proceeds from maturities
of investments 28,803 19,665 106,042
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash used in
investing activities (80,673) (18,348) (8,624)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital contribution 59,000 - -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by
financing activities 59,000 - -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash 259 (168) (16)
Cash balance at beginning of period 85 253 269
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash balance at end of period $344 85 253
================================================================================
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow
information:
Income taxes paid $1,450 1,063 833
================================================================================
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
<PAGE>
1) Background
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation ("CapMAC" or "the Company") is a New
York-domiciled monoline stock insurance company which engages only in the
business of financial guaranty and surety insurance. CapMAC is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of CapMAC Holdings Inc. ("Holdings"). CapMAC is
licensed in 50 states in addition to the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the territory of Guam. CapMAC insures
structured asset-backed, corporate, municipal and other financial
obligations in the U.S. and international capital markets. CapMAC also
provides financial guaranty reinsurance for structured asset-backed,
corporate, municipal and other financial obligations written by other major
insurance companies.
CapMAC's claims-paying ability is rated "Aaa" by Moody's Investors Service,
Inc. ("Moody's"), "AAA" by S&P Ratings Group ("S&P"), "AAA" by Duff &
Phelps Credit Rating Co. ("Duff & Phelps"), and "AAA" by Nippon Investors
Service, Inc., a Japanese rating agency. Such ratings reflect only the
views of the respective rating agencies, are not recommendations to buy,
sell or hold securities and are subject to revision or withdrawal at any
time by such rating agencies.
2) Significant Accounting Policies
Significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the accompanying
financial statements are as follows:
a) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are prepared on the basis of
generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Such accounting
principles differ from statutory reporting practices used by insurance
companies in reporting to state regulatory authorities.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes
the most significant estimates relate to deferred acquisition costs,
reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses and disclosures of
financial guarantees outstanding. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
b) Investments
At December 31, 1993, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 115, "Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." Under SFAS No.
115, the Company can classify its debt and marketable equity
securities in one of three categories: trading, available-for-sale, or
held-to-maturity. Trading securities are bought and held principally
for the purpose of selling them in the near term. Held-to-maturity
securities are those securities in which the Company has the ability
and intent to hold the securities until maturity. All other securities
not included in trading or held-to-maturity are classified as
available-for-sale. As of December 31, 1995 and 1994, all of the
Company's securities have been classified as available-for-sale.
Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value. Fair value
is based upon quoted market prices. Unrealized holding gains and
losses, net of the related tax effect, on available-for-sale
securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate
1
<PAGE>
component of stockholder's equity until realized. Transfers of
securities between categories are recorded at fair value at the date
of transfer.
A decline in the fair value of any available-for-sale security below
cost that is deemed other than temporary is charged to earnings
resulting in the establishment of a new cost basis for the security.
Short-term investments are those investments having a maturity of less
than one year at purchase date. Short-term investments are carried at
amortized cost which approximates fair value.
Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the
related security as an adjustment to yield using the effective
interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when
earned. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are
derived using the FIFO (first-in, first-out) method for determining
the cost of securities sold.
c) Revenue Recognition
Premiums which are payable monthly to CapMAC are reflected in income
when due, net of amounts payable to reinsurers. Premiums which are
payable quarterly, semi-annually or annually are reflected in income,
net of amounts payable to reinsurers, on an equal monthly basis over
the corresponding policy term. Premiums that are collected as a single
premium at the inception of the policy and have a term longer than one
year are earned, net of amounts payable to reinsurers, by allocating
premium to each bond maturity based on the principal amount and
earning it straight-line over the term of each bond maturity. For the
year ended December 31, 1995, 91% of net premiums earned were
attributable to premiums payable in installments and 9% were
attributable to premiums collected on an upfront basis.
d) Deferred Acquisition Costs
Certain costs incurred by CapMAC, which vary with and are primarily
related to the production of new business, are deferred. These costs
include direct and indirect expenses related to underwriting,
marketing and policy issuance, rating agency fees and premium taxes.
The deferred acquisition costs are amortized over the period in
proportion to the related premium earnings. The actual amount of
premium earnings may differ from projections due to various factors
such as renewal or early termination of insurance contracts or
different run-off patterns of exposure resulting in a corresponding
change in the amortization pattern of the deferred acquisition costs.
e) Reserve for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses
The reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses consists of a
Supplemental Loss Reserve ("SLR") and a case basis loss reserve. The
SLR is established based on expected levels of defaults resulting from
credit failures on currently insured issues. This SLR is based on
estimates of the portion of earned premiums required to cover those
claims.
A case basis loss reserve is established for insured obligations when,
in the judgement of management, a default in the timely payment of
debt service is imminent. For defaults considered temporary, a case
2
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
basis loss reserve is established in an amount equal to the present
value of the anticipated defaulted debt service payments over the
expected period of default. If the default is judged not to be
temporary, the present value of all remaining defaulted debt service
payments is recorded as a case basis loss reserve. Anticipated salvage
recoveries are considered in establishing case basis loss reserves
when such amounts are reasonably estimable.
Management believes that the current level of reserves is adequate to
cover the estimated liability for claims and the related adjustment
expenses with respect to financial guaranties issued by CapMAC. The
establishment of the appropriate level of loss reserves is an
inherently uncertain process involving numerous estimates and
subjective judgments by management, and therefore there can be no
assurance that losses in CapMAC's insured portfolio will not exceed
the loss reserves.
f) Depreciation
Leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures are being depreciated
over the lease term or useful life, whichever is shorter, using the
straight-line method.
g) Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided with respect to temporary
differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets
and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in
which the differences are expected to reverse.
h) Reclassifications
Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform to the
current year presentation.
3
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
3) Insured Portfolio
At December 31, 1995 and 1994, the principal amount of financial
obligations insured by CapMAC was $16.9 billion and $11.6 billion,
respectively, and net of reinsurance (net principal outstanding), was $12.6
billion and $9.4 billion, respectively, with a weighted average life of 6.0
years and 5.0 years, respectively. CapMAC's insured portfolio was broadly
diversified by geographic distribution and type of insured obligations,
with no single insured obligation in excess of statutory single risk
limits, after giving effect to any reinsurance and collateral, which are a
function of CapMAC's statutory qualified capital (the sum of statutory
capital and surplus and mandatory contingency reserve). At December 31,
1995 and 1994, the statutory qualified capital was approximately $240
million and $170 million, respectively.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Net Principal Outstanding
-----------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1995 December 31, 1994
---------------------------- ---------------------------
Type of Obligations Insured ($ in millions) Amount % Amount %
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Consumer receivables $6,959 55.1 $4,740 50.4
Trade and other corporate
obligations 4,912 38.9 4,039 43.0
Municipal/government 757 6.0 618 6.6
obligations
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $12,628 100.0 $9,397 100.0
======================================================================================================
</TABLE>
At December 31, 1995, approximately 85% of CapMAC's insured portfolio was
comprised of structured asset-backed transactions. Under these structures,
a pool of assets covering at least 100% of the principal amount guaranteed
under its insurance contract is sold or pledged to a special purpose
bankruptcy remote entity. CapMAC's primary risk from such insurance
contracts is the impairment of cash flows due to delinquency or loss on the
underlying assets. CapMAC, therefore, evaluates all the factors affecting
past and future asset performance by studying historical data on losses,
delinquencies and recoveries of the underlying assets. Each transaction is
reviewed to ensure that an appropriate legal structure is used to protect
against the bankruptcy risk of the originator of the assets. Along with the
legal structure, an additional level of first loss protection is also
created to protect against losses due to credit or dilution. This first
level of loss protection is usually available from reserve funds, excess
cash flows, overcollateralization, or recourse to a third party. The level
of first loss protection depends upon the historical losses and dilution of
the underlying assets, but is typically several times the normal historical
loss experience for the underlying type of assets.
During 1995, the Company sold without recourse its interest in potential
cash flows from transactions included in its insured portfolio and
recognized $2,200,000 of income which has been included in other income in
the accompanying financial statements.
The following entities each accounted for, through referrals and otherwise,
10% or more of total revenues for each of the periods presented:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, 1995 December 31, 1994 December 31, 1993
- -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
% of % of % of
Name Revenues Name Revenues Name Revenues
- -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Citicorp 15.2 Citicorp 16.3 Citicorp 13.7
Merrill Lynch & 14.1
</TABLE>
4
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
4) Investments
At December 31, 1995 and 1994, all of the Company's investments were
classified as available-for-sale securities. The amortized cost, gross
unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value for
available-for-sale securities by major security type at December 31, 1995
and 1994 were as follows ($ in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
Securities Available-for-Sale Cost Gains Losses Value
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Treasury obligations $4,153 55 - 4,208
Mortgage-backed securities of
U.S. government instrumentalities
and agencies 100,628 313 79 100,862
Obligations of states, municipalities
and political subdivisions 166,010 4,809 82 170,737
Corporate and asset-backed
securities 8,506 45 6 8,545
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $279,297 5,222 167 284,352
=================================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
Securities Available-for-Sale Cost Gains Losses Value
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Treasury obligations $ 4,295 - 153 4,142
Mortgage-backed securities of U.S.
government instrumentalities and
agencies 40,973 - 2,986 37,987
Obligations of states, municipalities
and political subdivisions 128,856 364 3,994 125,226
Corporate and asset-backed
securities 6,841 15 112 6,744
Mutual funds 16,434 - 1,465 14,969
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $197,399 379 8,710 189,068
===============================================================================================
</TABLE>
The Company's investment in mutual funds in 1994 represents an investment
in an open-end management investment company which invests primarily in
investment-grade fixed-income securities denominated in foreign and United
States currencies.
5
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in debt
securities at December 31, 1995 by contractual maturity are shown below ($
in thousands):
December 31, 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amortized Estimated
Securities Available-for-Sale Cost Fair Value
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than one year to maturity $ 5,569 5,572
One to five years to maturity 37,630 38,553
Five to ten years to maturity 99,567 102,264
Greater than ten years to maturity 35,903 37,101
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sub-total 178,669 183,490
Mortgage-backed securities 100,628 100,862
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 279,297 284,352
================================================================================
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers
may call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment
penalties.
Proceeds from sales of investment securities were approximately $49
million, $40 million and $24 million in 1995, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
Gross realized capital gains of $1,320,000, $714,000 and $1,621,000, and
gross realized capital losses of $19,000, $622,000 and $77,000 were
realized on those sales for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and
1993, respectively.
Investments include bonds having a fair value of approximately $3,985,000
and $3,873,000 (amortized cost of $3,970,000 and $4,011,000) which are on
deposit at December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively, with state regulators
as required by law.
Investment income is comprised of interest and dividends, net of related
expenses, and is applicable to the following sources:
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
$ in thousands December 31, December 31, December 31,
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bonds $ 11,105 9,193 7,803
Short-term investments 1,245 484 572
Mutual funds (162) 579 1,801
Investment expenses (235) (184) (166)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 11,953 10,072 10,010
================================================================================
6
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
The change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on
available-for-sale securities is included in a separate component of
stockholder's equity as shown below:
Year Ended Year Ended
$ in thousands December 31, December 31,
1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at beginning of period $(5,499) 3,600
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 13,386 (13,786)
Income tax effect (4,601) 4,687
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net change 8,785 (9,099)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period $3,286 (5,499)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No single issuer, except for investments in U.S. Treasury and U.S.
government agency securities, exceeds 10% of stockholder's equity as of
December 31, 1995.
5) Deferred Acquisition Costs
The following table reflects acquisition costs deferred by CapMAC and
amortized in proportion to the related premium earnings:
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
$ in thousands 1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at beginning of period $24,860 15,249 5,434
Additions 17,505 14,140 12,478
Amortization (policy
acquisition costs) (7,203) (4,529) (2,663)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period $35,162 24,860 15,249
================================================================================
6) Employee Benefits
On June 25, 1992, CapMAC entered into a Service Agreement with CapMAC
Financial Services, Inc. ("CFS"), which was then a newly formed
wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. Under the Service Agreement, CFS has
agreed to provide various services, including underwriting, reinsurance,
data processing and other services to CapMAC in connection with the
operation of CapMAC's insurance business. CapMAC pays CFS an arm's length
fee for providing such services, but not in excess of CFS's cost for such
services. CFS incurred, on behalf of CapMAC, total compensation expenses,
excluding bonuses, of $13,484,000, $11,081,000 and $9,789,000 in 1995, 1994
and 1993, respectively.
CFS maintains an incentive compensation plan for its employees. The plan is
an annual discretionary bonus award based upon Holdings' and an
individual's performance. CFS also has a health and welfare plan and a
401(k) plan to cover substantially all of its employees. CapMAC reimburses
CFS for all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by CFS in providing services to
CapMAC, including awards given under the incentive compensation plan and
benefits provided under the health and welfare plan. For the years ended
December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993, the Company had provided approximately
$7,804,000, $5,253,000 and $3,528,000, respectively, for the annual
discretionary bonus plan.
7
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
On June 25, 1992, certain officers of CapMAC were granted 182,633
restricted stock units ("RSU") at $13.33 a share in respect of certain
deferred compensation. On December 7, 1995, the RSU's were converted to
cash in the amount of approximately $3.7 million, and such officers agreed
to defer receipt of such cash amount in exchange for receiving the same
number of new shares of restricted stock of Holdings as the number of RSU's
such officers previously held. The cash amount will be held by Holdings and
invested in accordance with certain guidelines. Such amount, including the
investment earnings thereon, will be paid to each officer upon the
occurrence of certain events but no later than December, 2000.
7) Employee Stock Ownership Plan
On June 25, 1992, Holdings adopted an Employee Stock Ownership Plan
("ESOP") to provide its employees the opportunity to obtain beneficial
interests in the stock of Holdings through a trust (the "ESOP Trust"). The
ESOP Trust purchased 750,000 shares at $13.33 per share of Holdings' stock.
The ESOP Trust financed its purchase of common stock with a loan from
Holdings in the amount of $10 million. The ESOP loan is evidenced by a
promissory note delivered to Holdings. An amount representing unearned
employee compensation, equivalent in value to the unpaid balance of the
ESOP loan, is recorded as a deduction from stockholder's equity
(unallocated ESOP shares).
CFS is required to make contributions to the ESOP Trust, which enables the
ESOP Trust to service its loan to Holdings. The ESOP expense is calculated
using the shares allocated method. Shares are released for allocation to
the participants and held in trust for the employees based upon the ratio
of the current year's principal and interest payment to the sum of
principal and interest payments estimated over the life of the loan. As of
December 31, 1995 approximately 262,800 shares were allocated to the
participants. Compensation expense related to the ESOP was approximately
$2,087,000, $2,086,000 and $1,652,000 for the years ended December 31,
1995, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
8) Reserve for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses
The reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses consists of a case
basis loss reserve and the SLR.
In 1995 CapMAC incurred its first claim on a financial guaranty policy.
Based on its current estimate, the Company expects the aggregate amount of
claims and related expenses not to exceed $2.7 million, although no
assurance can be given that such claims and related expenses will not
exceed that amount. Such loss amount was covered through a recovery under a
quota share reinsurance agreement of $0.2 million and a reduction in the
SLR of $2.5 million. The portion of such claims and expenses not covered
under the quota share agreement is being funded through payments to CapMAC
from the Lureco Trust Account (see note 12).
9
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
The following is a summary of the activity in the case basis loss reserve
account and the components of the liability for losses and loss adjustment
expenses ($ in thousands):
Case Basis Loss Reserve:
Net balance at January 1, 1995 $ -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Incurred related to:
Current year 2,473
Prior years -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total incurred 2,473
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid incurred to:
Current year 1,853
Prior years -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total paid 1,853
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1995 620
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reinsurance recoverable 69
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Supplemental loss reserve 5,859
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 6,548
================================================================================
9) Income Taxes
Pursuant to a tax sharing agreement with Holdings, the Company is included
in Holdings' consolidated U.S. Federal income tax return. The Company's
annual Federal income tax liability is determined by computing its pro rata
share of the consolidated group Federal income tax liability.
Total income tax expense differed from the amount computed by applying the
U.S. Federal income tax rate of 35% in 1995 and 34% in 1994 and 1993:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, 1995 December 31, 1994 December 31, 1993
----------------- ----------------- -----------------
$ in thousands Amount % Amount % Amount %
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Expected tax expense
computed at the statutory rate $ 7,216 35.0 $ 5,303 34.0 $ 4,881 34.0
Increase (decrease) in tax resulting from:
Tax-exempt interest (2,335) (11.3) (1,646) (10.6) (1,140) (7.9)
Other, net 334 1.6 51 0.4 (15) (0.1)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total income tax
expense $ 5,215 25.3 $ 3,708 23.8 $ 3,726 26.0
=====================================================================================================
</TABLE>
9
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions
of the deferred Federal income tax liability are as follows:
$in thousands December 31, 1995 December 31, 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealized capital
losses on investments $ - (2,833)
Deferred compensation (1,901) (1,233)
Losses and loss adjustment expenses (1,002) (936)
Unearned premiums (852) (762)
Other, net (98) (228)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total gorss deferred tax assets (3,853) (5,992)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred acquisition costs 12,307 8,453
Unrealized capital gains on investments 1,769 -
Deferred capital gains on investments 654 726
Other, net 426 412
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total gorss deferred tax liabilities 15,156 9,591
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net deferred tax liability $11,303 3,599
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some
portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Management believes
that the deferred tax assets will be fully realized in the future
10) Insurance Regulatory Restrictions
CapMAC is subject to insurance regulatory requirements of the State of New
York and other states in which it is licensed to conduct business.
Generally, New York insurance laws require that dividends be paid from
earned surplus and restrict the amount of dividends in any year that may be
paid without obtaining approval for such dividends from the Superintendent
of Insurance to the lower of (i) net investment income as defined or (ii)
10% of statutory surplus as of December 31 of the preceding year. No
dividends were paid by CapMAC to Holdings during the years ended December
31, 1995, 1994 and 1993. No dividends could be paid during these periods
because CapMAC had negative earned surplus. Statutory surplus at December
31, 1995 and 1994 was approximately $195,018,000 and $139,739,000,
respectively. Statutory surplus differs from stockholder's equity
determined under GAAP principally due to the mandatory contingency reserve
required for statutory accounting purposes and differences in accounting
for investments, deferred acquisition costs, SLR and deferred taxes
provided under GAAP. Statutory net income was $9,000,000, $4,543,000 and
$4,528,000 for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993,
respectively. Statutory net income differs from net income determined under
GAAP principally due to deferred acquisition costs, SLR and deferred income
taxes.
10
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
11) Commitments and Contingencies
On January 1, 1988, the Company assumed from Citibank, N.A. the obligations
of a sublease agreement for space occupied in New York. On November 21,
1993, the sublease was terminated and a new lease was negotiated which
expires on November 20, 2008. CapMAC has a lease agreement for its London
office beginning October 1, 1992 and expiring October 1, 2002. As of
December 31, 1995, future minimum payments under the lease agreements are
as follows:
$ in thousands Payment
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 $ 2,255
1997 2,948
1998 3,027
1999 3,476
2000 and thereafter 36,172
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 47,878
================================================================================
Rent expense, commercial rent taxes and electricity for the years ended
December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993 amounted to $1,939,000, $2,243,000 and
$2,065,000, respectively.
CapMAC has available a $100,000,000 standby corporate liquidity facility
(the "Liquidity Facility") provided by a consortium of banks, headed by
Bank of Montreal, as agent, which is rated "A-1+" and "P-1" by S&P and
Moody's, respectively. Under the Liquidity Facility, CapMAC will be able,
subject to satisfying certain conditions, to borrow funds from time to time
in order to enable it to fund any claim payments or payments made in
settlement or mitigation of claim payments under its insurance contracts.
For the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993, no draws had been
made under the Liquidity Facility.
12) Reinsurance
In the ordinary course of business, CapMAC cedes exposure under various
treaty, pro rata and excess of loss reinsurance contracts primarily
designed to minimize losses from large risks and protect the capital and
surplus of CapMAC.
The effect of reinsurance on premiums written and earned was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years Ended December 31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
------------------------ ---------------------- ----------------------
$ in thousands Written Earned Written Earned Written Earned
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Direct $ 56,541 36,853 43,598 28,561 24,491 20,510
Assumed 935 761 1,064 258 403 364
Ceded (15,992) (8,372) (11,069) (5,716) (3,586) (3,391)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Premiums $ 41,484 29,242 33,593 23,103 21,308 17,483
==================================================================================================
</TABLE>
11
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
Although the reinsurance of risk does not relieve the ceding insurer of its
original liability to its policyholders, it is the industry practice of
insurers for financial statement purposes to treat reinsured risks as
though they were risks for which the ceding insurer was only contingently
liable. A contingent liability exists with respect to the aforementioned
reinsurance arrangements which may become a liability of CapMAC in the
event the reinsurers are unable to meet obligations assumed by them under
the reinsurance contracts. At December 31, 1995 and 1994, CapMAC had ceded
loss reserves of $69,000 and $0, respectively and had ceded unearned
premiums of $13,171,000 and $5,551,000, respectively.
In 1994, CapMAC entered into a reinsurance agreement (the "Lureco Treaty")
with Luxembourg European Reinsurance LURECO S.A. ("Lureco"), a
European-based reinsurer. The agreement is renewable annually at the
Company's option, subject to satisfying certain conditions. The agreement
reinsured and indemnified the Company for any loss incurred by CapMAC
during the agreement period up to the limits of the agreement. The Lureco
Treaty provides that the annual reinsurance premium payable by CapMAC to
Lureco, after deduction of the reinsurer's fee payable to Lureco, be
deposited in a trust account (the "Lureco Trust Account") to be applied by
CapMAC, at its option, to offset losses and loss expenses incurred by
CapMAC in connection with incurred claims. Amounts on deposit in the Lureco
Trust Account which have not been applied against claims are contractually
due to CapMAC at the termination of the treaty.
The premium deposit amounts in the Lureco Trust Account have been reflected
as assets by CapMAC during the term of the agreement. Premiums in excess of
the deposit amounts have been recorded as ceded premiums in the statements
of income. In the 1994 policy year, the agreement provided $5 million of
loss coverage in excess of the premium deposit amounts of $2 million
retained in the Lureco Trust Account. No losses were applied against the
Lureco Trust Account or ceded to the Lureco Treaty in 1994. The agreement
was renewed for the 1995 policy year and provides $5 million of loss
coverage in excess of the premium deposit amount of $4.5 million retained
in the Lureco Trust Account. Additional coverage is provided for losses
incurred in excess of 200% of the net premiums earned up to $4 million for
any one agreement year. In September 1995, a claim of approximately $2.5
million on an insurance policy was applied against the Lureco Trust
Account.
In addition to its capital (including statutory contingency reserves) and
other reinsurance available to pay claims under its insurance contracts, on
June 25, 1992, CapMAC entered into a Stop Loss Reinsurance Agreement (the
"Stop-loss Agreement") with Winterthur Swiss Insurance Company
("Winterthur") which is rated "AAA" by S&P and "Aaa" by Moody's. At the
same time, CapMAC and Winterthur also entered into a Quota Share
Reinsurance Agreement (the "Winterthur Quota Share Agreement") pursuant to
which Winterthur had the right to reinsure on a quota share basis 10% of
each policy written by CapMAC.
The Winterthur Stop-loss Agreement had an original term of seven years and
was renewable for successive one-year periods. In April 1995, Winterthur
notified CapMAC that it was canceling the Winterthur Stop-loss Agreement
and the Winterthur Quota Share Agreement effective June 30, 1996.
CapMAC elected to terminate the Winterthur Stop-loss Agreement effective
November 30, 1995 and, on the same date, entered into a Stop-loss
Reinsurance Agreement with Mitsui Marine (the "Mitsui Stop-loss
Agreement"). Under the Mitsui Stop-loss Agreement, Mitsui Marine would be
12
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
required to pay any losses in excess of $100 million in the aggregate
incurred by CapMAC during the term of the Mitsui Stop-loss Agreement on the
insurance policies in effect on December 1, 1995 and written during the
one-year period thereafter, up to an aggregate limit payable under the
Mitsui Stop-loss Agreement of $50 million. The Mitsui Stop-loss Agreement
has a term of seven years and is subject to early termination by CapMAC in
certain circumstances.
The Winterthur Quota Share Agreement was canceled November 30, 1995. On
January 1, 1996, CapMAC will reassume the liability, principally unearned
premium, for all policies reinsured by Winterthur. As a result, CapMAC will
reassume approximately $1.4 billion of principal insured by Winterthur as
of December 31, 1995. In connection with the commutation, Winterthur will
return the unearned premiums as of December 31, 1995, net of ceding
commission and federal excise tax. Such amount is expected to total
approximately $2.0 million.
13) Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values
of the Company's financial instruments at December 31, 1995 and 1994. SFAS
No. 107, "Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments," defines
the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the
instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing
parties.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995 December 31, 1994
Carrying Estimated Carrying Estimated
$ in thousands Amount Fair Value Amount Fair Value
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Financial Assets:
Investments $284,352 284,352 189,068 189,068
Off-Balance-Sheet Instruments:
Financial Guarantees Outstanding $ - 147,840 - 93,494
Ceding Commission $ - 44,352 - 28,048
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value
of each class of financial instruments summarized above:
Investments
The fair values of fixed maturities and mutual funds are based upon quoted
market prices. The fair value of short-term investments approximates
amortized cost.
13
<PAGE>
Capital Markets Assurance Corporation
Notes to Financial Statements
Financial Guarantees Outstanding
The fair value of financial guarantees outstanding consists of (1) the
current unearned premium reserve, net of prepaid reinsurance and (2) the
fair value of installment revenue which is derived by calculating the
present value of the estimated future cash inflow to CapMAC of policies in
force having installment premiums, net of amounts payable to reinsurers, at
a discount rate of 7% at December 31, 1995 and 1994. The amount calculated
is equivalent to the consideration that would be paid under market
conditions prevailing at the reporting dates to transfer CapMAC's financial
guarantee business to a third party under reinsurance and other agreements.
Ceding commission represents the expected amount that would be paid to
CapMAC to compensate CapMAC for originating and servicing the insurance
contracts. In constructing estimated future cash inflows, management makes
assumptions regarding prepayments for amortizing asset-backed securities
which are consistent with relevant historical experience. For revolving
programs, assumptions are made regarding program utilization based on
discussions with program users. The amount of installment premium actually
realized by the Company could be reduced in the future due to factors such
as early termination of insurance contracts, accelerated prepayments of
underlying obligations or lower than anticipated utilization of insured
structured programs, such as commercial paper conduits. Although increases
in future installment revenue due to renewals of existing insurance
contracts historically have been greater than reductions in future
installment revenue due to factors such as those described above, there can
be no assurance that future circumstances might not cause a net reduction
in installment revenue, resulting in lower revenues.
14) Capitalization
The Company's certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of
15,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share. Authorized,
issued and outstanding shares at December 31, 1995 and 1994 were 15,000,000
at $1.00 per share.
In 1995, $59.0 million of the proceeds received by Holdings from the sale
of shares in connection with an Initial Public Offering and private
placements were contributed to CapMAC.
14
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
================================================================================
UACSC Auto Trusts
Asset Backed Certificates
----------
UAC Securitization Corporation
Depositor
Union Acceptance Corporation
Servicer
The asset backed certificates described herein (the "Certificates") may be sold
from time to time in one or more series (each, a "Series"), in amounts, at
prices and on terms to be determined at the time of sale and to be set forth in
a supplement to this Prospectus (a "Prospectus Supplement"). Each Series of
Certificates will be issued by a trust (each, a "Trust") to be formed with
respect to such Series and will include one or more classes of Certificates. The
property of each Trust will include a pool of motor vehicle installment sale
and/or installment loan contracts secured by new and used automobiles, light
trucks and vans (the "Receivables"), certain monies received thereunder after
the applicable cutoff date, security interests in the vehicles financed thereby
and certain other property, as more fully described herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
property of a Trust will include monies on deposit in a trust account, which
will be used to purchase additional Receivables after the related closing date.
Union Acceptance Corporation will act as servicer of the Receivables for each
Trust.
Except as otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each class
of Certificates of any Series will represent the right to receive a specified
amount of payments of principal and interest on the related Receivables, at the
rates, on the dates and in the manner described herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement. If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
Series of Certificates may include one or more classes of Certificates entitled
to interest distributions with disproportionate, nominal or no distributions in
respect of principal, or to principal distributions with disproportionate,
nominal or no distributions in respect of interest. As more fully described
herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement, distributions on any class of
Certificates may be senior or subordinate to distributions on one or more other
classes of Certificates of the same Series.
Prospective investors should consider the factors set forth under "Risk Factors"
on page 10 of this Prospectus and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
----------
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED IN THE RELATED PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT, THE
CERTIFICATES OF A SERIES WILL REPRESENT BENEFICIAL INTERESTS IN THE
RELATED TRUST ONLY, AND WILL NOT REPRESENT OBLIGATIONS OF OR
INTERESTS IN, AND ARE NOT GUARANTEED OR INSURED BY, UAC
SECURITIZATION CORPORATION, ANY AFFILIATE THEREOF OR
ANY GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY OR INSTRUMENTALITY.
THESE CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION, NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF
THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE
CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
----------
Retain this Prospectus for future reference. This Prospectus may not be
used to consummate sales of Certificates of any Series unless accompanied by the
related Prospectus Supplement.
May 9, 1996
<PAGE>
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Depositor, as originator of the Trusts, has filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a Registration Statement on Form S-3
(together with all amendments and exhibits thereto, the "Registration
Statement") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the
Certificates being offered hereby. This Prospectus does not contain all of the
information set forth in the Registration Statement, certain parts of which have
been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission. For
further information, reference is made to the Registration Statement, which is
available for inspection without charge at the public reference facilities of
the Commission at Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C.
20549, and the regional offices of the Commission at Citicorp Center, 500 West
Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661-2511, and Seven World Trade
Center, Suite 1300, New York, New York 10048. Copies of such information can be
obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Commission at Judiciary Plaza,
450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
Upon receipt of a request by an investor who has received an electronic
Prospectus Supplement and Prospectus from an Underwriter or a request by such
investor's representative within the period during which there is an obligation
to deliver a Prospectus Supplement and Prospectus, the Depositor or such
Underwriter will promptly deliver, or cause to be delivered, without charge, to
such investor a paper copy of the Prospectus Supplement and Prospectus.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
All documents filed by the Servicer or the Depositor on behalf of the Trust
referred to in the accompanying Prospectus Supplement with the Commission
pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), after the date of this Prospectus and
prior to the termination of the offering of the Certificates offered by such
Trust shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and to
be a part hereof from the dates of filing of such documents. Any statement
contained herein or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by
reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of
this Prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein (or in the
accompanying Prospectus Supplement) or in any subsequently filed document that
also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or
supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall
not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this
Prospectus.
The Servicer on behalf of any Trust will provide without charge to each
person to whom a copy of this Prospectus is delivered, on the written or oral
request of such person, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated
herein by reference, except the exhibits to such documents. Requests to the
Servicer for such copies should be addressed to Union Acceptance Corporation,
250 North Shadeland Avenue, Indianapolis, Indiana 46219, (317) 231-7965.
2
<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF TERMS
This Summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the detailed
information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus and by reference to the
information with respect to each Series of Certificates contained in the related
Prospectus Supplement to be prepared and delivered in connection with the
offering of such Certificates. Certain capitalized terms used in this summary
are defined elsewhere in this Prospectus on the pages indicated in the "Index of
Terms".
Issuer..............With respect to any Series of Certificates, a Trust formed
pursuant to a pooling and servicing agreement (each, a
"Pooling and Servicing Agreement") among the Depositor, the
Servicer and the Trustee for such Trust.
Depositor ..........UAC Securitization Corporation, a Delaware corporation
having its principal office and place of business in
Indianapolis, Indiana (the "Depositor"). The Depositor's
principal executive offices are located at 250 North
Shadeland Avenue, Indianapolis, Indiana 46219, and its
telephone number is (317) 231-6414.
Servicer ...........Union Acceptance Corporation, an Indiana corporation having
its principal office and place of business in Indianapolis,
Indiana (in its capacity as servicer the "Servicer",
otherwise "UAC"). The Servicer's principal offices are
located at 250 North Shadeland Avenue, Indianapolis, Indiana
46219, and its telephone number is (317) 231-6400.
Trustee.............With respect to each Trust, the trustee specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement (the "Trustee").
Securities
Offered ...........Each Series of asset backed securities issued by a Trust
will consist of one or more classes of Certificates. Each
class of Certificates of a Series will be issued pursuant to
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The related
Prospectus Supplement will specify which class or classes of
Certificates of the related Series are being offered
thereby.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, each class of Certificates will have a stated
certificate balance (the "Class Certificate Balance") and
will accrue interest on such Class Certificate Balance at a
specified rate (with respect to each class of Certificates,
the "Pass-Through Rate"). If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, one or more classes of Certificates
("Strip Certificates") may be entitled to (i) interest
distributions with disproportionate, nominal or no principal
distributions or (ii) principal distributions with
disproportionate, nominal or no interest distributions. See
"Description of the Certificates -- Distributions of
Principal and Interest". Each class of Certificates may have
a different Pass-Through Rate, which may be a fixed,
variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate, or any combination
of the foregoing. The related Prospectus Supplement will
specify the Pass-Through Rate, or the method for determining
the applicable Pass-Through Rate, for each class of
Certificates.
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A Series of Certificates may include two or more classes of
Certificates that differ as to timing and/or priority of
distributions, seniority, allocations of losses,
Pass-Through Rate, amount of distributions in respect of
principal or interest, or any combination of the foregoing.
Additionally, distributions in respect of principal or
interest in respect of any such class or classes may or may
not be made upon the occurrence of specified events or on
the basis of collections from designated portions of the
related Receivables Pool.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, Certificates will be available in book-entry
form only and will be available for purchase in minimum
denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof,
except that one Certificate of each class may be issued in
such denomination as is required to include any residual
amount. Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, Certificateholders will be able to receive
Definitive Certificates only in the limited circumstances
described herein or in the related Prospectus Supplement.
See "Description of the Certificates -- Definitive
Certificates".
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer or one or more other entities may be entitled to
purchase the Receivables of a Trust or to cause such
Receivables to be purchased by another entity, in the manner
and subject to the conditions described in such Prospectus
Supplement. If the Servicer or any such other entity
exercises any such option to purchase the Receivables or to
cause the Receivables to be purchased, the Certificates will
be prepaid as set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement. See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing
Agreements -- Termination" herein. In addition, if the
related Prospectus Supplement provides that the property of
a Trust will include a Pre-Funding Account, one or more
classes of Certificates may be subject to a partial
prepayment of principal following the end of the Funding
Period, in the manner and to the extent specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement. See "Description of the
Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Accounts -- Pre-Funding
Account" herein.
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The Trust
Property............The property of each Trust will include a pool of simple
interest and precomputed interest installment sale and
installment loan contracts secured by new and used
automobiles, light trucks and vans (the "Receivables"),
certain monies due or received thereunder after the date
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (each, a
"Cutoff Date"), security interests in the vehicles financed
thereby (the "Financed Vehicles"), any right to recourse of
UAC against the dealers who sold the Financed Vehicles (the
"Dealers"), proceeds from claims on certain insurance
policies, and certain rights under the purchase agreement
(each, a "Purchase Agreement") among UAC, the Depositor and
Union Acceptance Funding Corporation ("UAFC") pursuant to
which the Depositor will purchase the related Receivables
from UAFC. The property of each Trust also will include
amounts on deposit in, or certain rights with respect to,
certain accounts, including the related Certificate Account
and any Pre-Funding Account, Cash Collateral Account, yield
supplement account or any other account identified in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement. See "Description of the
Transfer and Servicing Agreements-- Accounts".
The Receivables arise, or will arise, from motor vehicle
installment sale contracts that were originated by dealers
for assignment to UAC (directly or through Union Federal
Savings Bank of Indianapolis (the "Predecessor"), UAC's
parent corporation before the completion on August 7, 1995
of a spin-off) or motor vehicle loan contracts that were
solicited by dealers for origination by UAC or the
Predecessor (collectively, the "Contracts"). In the ordinary
course of its business, immediately after UAC originates or
otherwise acquires the Contracts, UAC sells the Contracts to
UAFC. Payment of the amount due under each Contract is
secured by a first perfected security interest in the
related Financed Vehicle. UAFC, UAC or the Predecessor is or
will be the registered lienholder on the certificate of
title of each of the Financed Vehicles. The Receivables for
each Receivables Pool will be selected from the Contracts
owned by UAFC based on the criteria specified in the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and described herein under
"The Receivables Pools" and "Description of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement -- Sale and Assignment of Receivables"
and in the related Prospectus Supplement under "The
Receivables Pool".
On the date of issuance of a Series of Certificates (each, a
"Closing Date"), the Depositor will convey Receivables to
the related Trust in the aggregate principal amount provided
in the related Prospectus Supplement and, if so provided in
such Prospectus Supplement, will deposit the amount
specified in such Prospectus Supplement (the "Pre-Funded
Amount") into a trust account established in the name of the
Trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders (the
"Pre-Funding Account"). The Pre-Funded Amount with respect
to any Trust will not exceed 25% of the initial aggregate
Class Certificate Balances for the related Series (the
"Certificate Balance"). Ifthe property of a Trust includes a
Pre-Funding Account, UAFC will be obligated under the
related Purchase Agreement to sell additional Receivables
(the "Subsequent Receivables") to the Depositor from time to
time during the period provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement (the "Funding Period") having an aggregate
principal balance approximately equal to the Pre-Funded
Amount. The Depositor, in turn, will be obligated under the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement to sell such Subsequent
Receivables to the related Trust, and the Trust will be
obligated to purchase the Subsequent Receivables, subject to
the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and described herein under
"Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements --
Sale and Assignment of Receivables". As used in this
Prospectus, the term Receivables will include the
Receivables transferred to a Trust on the related Closing
Date as well as any Subsequent Receivables transferred to
such Trust during the related Funding Period.
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Amounts on deposit in any Pre-Funding Account during the
Funding Period will be invested by the Trustee (as directed
by the Servicer) in Eligible Investments, and any resultant
investment income (less any related investment expenses)
will be included, on the Distribution Date immediately
following the date on which such investment income is paid
to the Trust, in the Available Funds for such Distribution
Date. Any funds remaining in a Pre-Funding Account at the
end of the related Funding Period will be distributed to
holders of the related Series of Certificates (the
"Certificateholders") as a prepayment of principal of the
Certificates, in the amounts and priority described in the
related Prospectus Supplement. No Funding Period will
continue for more than three calendar months after the
related Closing Date. See "Description of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreements -- Accounts -- Pre-Funding Account".
In each Purchase Agreement, UAC and UAFC will make certain
representations and warranties with respect to the related
Receivables and will undertake to repurchase from the
Depositor any Receivable with respect to which there exists
an uncured breach of any of its representations or
warranties, if such breach materially and adversely affects
the rights of the Depositor, or the Depositor's assignee, in
such Receivable. In each Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
the Depositor will assign to the related Trust certain
rights under the related Purchase Agreement, including the
right to cause UAC to repurchase any Receivable in respect
of which it is in breach of a breach or warranty that
materially and adversely affects the interest of the Trust
in such Receivable. None of UAC, UAFC or the Depositor will
have any other obligation with respect to the Receivables or
the Certificates. See "Description of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreements -- Sale and Assignment of Receivables".
Credit and
Cash Flow
Enhancement.........If and to the extent specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, credit enhancement with respect to a Trust or
any class or classes of Certificates may include any one or
more of the following: subordination of one or more other
classes of Certificates of the same Series, Cash Collateral
Accounts, yield supplement accounts, spread accounts, surety
bonds, insurance policies, letters of credit, credit or
liquidity facilities, over-collateralization, guaranteed
investment contracts, swaps or other interest rate
protection agreements, repurchase obligations, other
agreements with respect to third-party payments or other
support, cash deposits, or other arrangements. To the extent
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a form of
credit enhancement with respect to a Trust or class or
classes of Certificates may be subject to certain
limitations and exclusions from coverage thereunder.
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Transfer and
Servicing
Agreements..........Pursuant to each Purchase Agreement, UAFC will sell the
related Receivables to the Depositor without recourse and,
if so stated in the related Prospectus Supplement, will
undertake to sell Subsequent Receivables, in the aggregate
amount specified therein, to the Depositor during the
related Funding Period. The Depositor, in turn, will sell
such Receivables to the related Trust, without recourse, and
will undertake to sell any such Subsequent Receivables to
the related Trust during the related Funding Period. In
addition, the Servicer will agree in each Pooling and
Servicing Agreement to be responsible for servicing,
managing, maintaining custody of and making collections on
the related Receivables.
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Servicer will advance funds (each, an
"Advance") on the Receivables made during the preceding
calendar month (the "Collection Period") to cover 30 days of
interest due on a Receivable that is more than 30 days
delinquent (each, an "Interest Shortfall"), but only to the
extent that the Servicer, in its sole discretion, expects to
be able to recoup such Advance from subsequent payments on
the Receivable. Advances by the Servicer will add to the
funds available for distributions to Certificateholders on a
Distribution Date, but the Servicer will be entitled to
reimbursement for such Advances from subsequent payments of
the Receivables or, to the extent set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement, from insurance proceeds or
withdrawals from any Cash Collateral Account or similar form
of credit enhancement. See "Description of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreements -- Advances".
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, UAC will be obligated to repurchase from the
Trust any Receivable in which the interest of such Trust is
materially and adversely affected as a result of a breach of
any representation or warranty made by UAC and/or UAFC in
the related Purchase Agreement if such breach is not cured
in a timely manner following the discovery by or notice to
UAC. In addition, unless otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer will be obligated under
each Pooling and Servicing Agreement to purchase any
Receivable if (i) among other things, the Servicer reduces
the rate of interest under the related Contract (the
"Contract Rate"), changes the amount of the scheduled
monthly payments or the amount financed or fails to maintain
a perfected security interest in the related Financed
Vehicle and (ii) the interest of the Certificateholders in
such Receivable is materially and adversely affected by such
action or failure to act of the Servicer. If the Servicer
extends the date for final payment by the obligor on the
related Contract (each, an "Obligor") beyond the final
scheduled maturity date specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement (the "Final Scheduled Maturity Date"), the
Servicer will be obligated to purchase the Receivable on
such Final Scheduled Maturity Date.
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Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Servicer will receive a fee for servicing
the Receivables of each Trust equal to the Servicing Fee
Rate times the aggregate outstanding principal balance of
the related Receivables (the "Pool Balance"), plus certain
late fees, prepayment charges and other administrative fees
or similar charges. UAC may also receive investment earnings
from certain accounts and other cash flows with respect to a
Trust. See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing
Agreements -- Servicing Compensation and Payment of
Expenses" herein.
Certain Legal Aspects
of the Receivables;
Repurchase
Obligations.......In connection with each sale of Receivables by UAFC to the
Depositor and by the Depositor to a Trust, security
interests in the related Financed Vehicles will be assigned
by UAFC to the Depositor and by the Depositor to the Trust;
due to administrative burden and expense, however, the
certificates of title to such Financed Vehicles will not be
amended to reflect the assignment either to the Depositor or
to the Trust. In the absence of such an amendment, the Trust
may not have a perfected security interest in the Financed
Vehicles securing the Receivables in some states. Unless
otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
UAC will be obligated to repurchase from a Trust any
Receivable sold to such Trust as to which all action
necessary to secure a first perfected security interest in
the name of UAFC, UAC or the Predecessor in the Financed
Vehicle securing such Receivable shall not have been taken
as of the date such Receivable is purchased by such Trust,
if such breach materially and adversely affects the interest
of the related Certificateholders in such Receivable and if
such failure or breach is not cured by the last day of the
second month following the discovery by or notice to UAC of
such breach. If a Trust does not have a perfected security
interest in a Financed Vehicle, its ability to realize on
such Financed Vehicle in the event of a default may be
adversely affected. To the extent the security interest is
perfected, a Trust will have a prior claim over subsequent
purchasers of the Financed Vehicle and holders of
subsequently perfected security interests. However, as
against liens for repairs of Financed Vehicles or for taxes
unpaid by the related Obligor, or through fraud or
negligence, a Trust could lose its security interest or the
priority of its security interest in a Financed Vehicle.
None of the Depositor, UAC or UAFC will be obligated to
repurchase a Receivable with respect to which a Trust loses
its security interest or the priority of its security
interest in the related Financed Vehicle after the Closing
Date as the result of any such tax lien or mechanic's lien
or the fraud or negligence of a third party.
Federal and state consumer protection laws impose
requirements on creditors in connection with extensions of
credit and collections of retail installment loans, and
certain of these laws make an assignee of such a loan liable
to the obligor thereon for any violation by the lender.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, UAC will be required to repurchase from the
Trust any Receivable that fails to comply with the
requirements of such consumer protection laws on or before
the last day of the month following discovery by or notice
to UAC of such failure, if such failure materially and
adversely affects the interests of the related
Certificateholders in such Receivable. See "Certain Legal
Aspects of the Receivables".
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Tax
Considerations......If a Prospectus Supplement specifies that the related Trust
is a grantor trust and except as otherwise provided in such
Prospectus Supplement, upon the issuance of the related
Series of Certificates, special federal tax counsel to the
Trust identified in the related Prospectus Supplement (the
"Federal Tax Counsel") will deliver an opinion to the effect
that such Trust will be treated as a grantor trust for
federal income tax purposes and will not be subject to
federal income tax.
If a Prospectus Supplement does not specify that the related
Trust is a grantor trust, upon the issuance of the related
Series of Certificates Federal Tax Counsel will deliver an
opinion to the effect that such Trust will not be treated as
an association taxable as a corporation or as a "publicly
traded partnership" taxable as a corporation.
See "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences" for additional
information regarding the application of federal tax laws to
a Trust and the related Series of Certificates.
ERISA
Considerations......Subject to the considerations discussed under "ERISA
Considerations" herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement and unless otherwise provided therein, any
Certificates that meet certain Department of Labor
requirements are eligible for purchase by employee benefit
plans and plans subject to the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). Unless otherwise
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, any class of
Certificates that is subordinated to any other class of
Certificates of the same Series may not be acquired by any
such employee benefit plan, plan subject to ERISA or an
individual retirement account. See "ERISA Considerations"
herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Ratings.............It is a condition to the issuance of the Certificates to be
offered hereunder that they be rated in one of the four
highest rating categories by at least one nationally
recognized statistical rating organization (each, a "Rating
Agency"). A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, hold
or sell Certificates inasmuch as a rating does not comment
as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.
Ratings of Certificates will address the likelihood of the
payment of principal of and interest on the Certificates
pursuant to their terms. There can be no assurance that a
rating will remain for a given period of time or that a
rating will not be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a Rating
Agency if in its judgment circumstances in the future so
warrant. See "Risk Factors-- Ratings of the Certificates"
herein. For more detailed information regarding the ratings
assigned to any class of Certificates of a particular
Series, see "Summary of Terms-- Rating of the Certificates"
and "Risk Factors-- Ratings of the Certificates" in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
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RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information contained in this Prospectus and in
the related Prospectus Supplement to be prepared and delivered in connection
with the offering of any Series of Certificates, prospective investors should
carefully consider the following risk factors before investing in any class or
classes of Certificates of any such Series.
Pre-Funding Accounts. If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
on the Closing Date the Depositor will deposit the Pre-Funded Amount specified
in such Prospectus Supplement into the Pre-Funding Account. In no event will the
Pre-Funded Amount exceed 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of the related
Series of Certificates. The Pre-Funded Amount will be used to purchase
Subsequent Receivables from the Depositor (which, in turn, will acquire such
Subsequent Receivables from UAFC) from time to time during the Funding Period.
During the Funding Period and until such amounts are applied by the Trustee to
purchase Subsequent Receivables, amounts on deposit in the Pre-Funding Account
will be invested by the Trustee (as instructed by the Servicer) in Eligible
Investments, and any investment income with respect thereto (net of any related
investment expenses) will be distributed on each Distribution Date during the
Funding Period as part of the Available Funds for the related Collection Period.
No Funding Period will end more than three calendar months after the related
Closing Date.
To the extent that the entire Pre-Funded Amount has not been applied to the
purchase of Subsequent Receivables by the end of the related Funding Period, any
amounts remaining in the Pre-Funded Account will be distributed as a prepayment
of principal to Certificateholders following the end of the Funding Period, in
the amounts and pursuant to the priorities set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Such prepayment will reduce the Certificateholder's outstanding
principal balance and anticipated yield.
Sales of Subsequent Receivables. If so provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, (i) UAFC will be obligated pursuant to the Purchase Agreement to
sell Subsequent Receivables (subject only to the availability thereof) to the
Depositor from time to time during the Funding Period in an aggregate principal
amount approximately equal to the Pre-Funded Amount, (ii) the Depositor, in
turn, will be obligated pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to sell
such Subsequent Receivables to the Trust and (iii) the Trust will be obligated
to purchase such Subsequent Receivables, subject only to the satisfaction of
certain conditions set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and
described in the related Prospectus Supplement. If the principal amount of
eligible Subsequent Receivables originated or acquired by UAC during a Funding
Period is less than the Pre-Funded Amount, UAFC and the Depositor may have
insufficient Subsequent Receivables to transfer to a Trust, and holders of one
or more classes of the related Series of Certificates may receive a full or
partial prepayment of principal at the end of the Funding Period as described
above under "-- Pre-Funding Accounts".
Any conveyance of Subsequent Receivables to a Trust is subject to the
satisfaction, on or before the related transfer date (each, a "Subsequent
Transfer Date"), of the following conditions precedent, among others: (i) each
such Subsequent Receivable must satisfy the eligibility criteria specified in
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement; (ii) the Subsequent Receivables
shall have been selected based on the criteria specified in the applicable
Prospective Supplement and neither UAFC nor the Depositor shall have selected
such Subsequent Receivables in a manner that it deems is adverse to the
interests of holders of the related Certificates; (iii) as of the respective
Cutoff Date for such Subsequent Receivables, all of the Receivables in the
Trust, including the Subsequent Receivables to be conveyed to the Trust as of
such date, must satisfy the parameters described under "The Receivables Pools"
herein and "The Receivables Pool" in the related Prospectus Supplement; (iv) any
required deposit to any Cash Collateral Account or other similar account shall
have been made; and (v) UAFC must execute and deliver to the Depositor, and the
Depositor must execute and deliver to such Trust, a written assignment conveying
such Subsequent Receivables to the Depositor or such Trust, as applicable. In
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addition, the conveyance of Subsequent Receivables to a Trust is subject to the
satisfaction of the following conditions subsequent, among others, each of which
must be satisfied within the applicable time period specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement: (a) the Depositor must deliver certain opinions of
counsel to the related Trustee with respect to the validity of the conveyance of
the Subsequent Receivables to the Trust; (b) the Trustee must receive written
confirmation from a firm of certified independent public accountants that, as of
the end of the period specified therein, the Receivables in the Trust, including
the Subsequent Receivables, satisfied the parameters described under "The
Receivables Pools" herein and "The Receivables Pool" in the related Prospectus
Supplement; and (c) each of the Rating Agencies must notify the Depositor in
writing that, following the conveyance of the Subsequent Receivables to the
Trust, each class of Certificates will have the same rating assigned to it by
such Rating Agency that it had on the Closing Date. Such confirmation of the
ratings of the Certificates may depend on factors other than the characteristics
of the Subsequent Receivables, including the delinquency, repossession and net
loss experience on the automobile, light truck and van receivables in the
portfolio serviced by UAC. UAC will be required pursuant to each Purchase
Agreement and Pooling and Servicing Agreement to repurchase immediately from a
Trust any Subsequent Receivable, at a price equal to the Purchase Amount
thereof, with respect to which any of the foregoing conditions is not satisfied.
Certain Legal Aspects -- Security Interests in Financed Vehicles.
Simultaneously with each sale of Receivables, UAFC will assign to the Depositor,
and the Depositor will assign to the related Trust, security interests in the
related Financed Vehicles; due to administrative burden and expense, however,
the certificates of title to such Financed Vehicles will not be amended to
reflect the assignment to either the Depositor or the Trust. In the absence of
such amendments, a Trust may not have a perfected security interest in such
Financed Vehicles in some states. Except as otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, UAC will be obligated to repurchase from the related
Trust any Receivable sold to a Trust as to which all actions necessary to secure
a first perfected security interest in the name of UAFC (or, in certain cases,
UAC or the Predecessor) in the Financed Vehicle securing such Receivable shall
not have been taken as of the date such Receivable is transferred to such Trust,
if such breach materially and adversely affects the interest of the
Certificateholders in such Receivable and if such failure or breach is not
timely cured following discovery by or notice thereof to the Depositor or UAC.
If a Trust does not have a perfected security interest in a Financed
Vehicle, its ability to realize on such Financed Vehicle in the event of a
default may be adversely affected. To the extent the security interest is
perfected, the Trust will have a prior claim over subsequent purchasers of such
Financed Vehicle and holders of subsequently perfected security interests;
however, the Trust could lose its security interest or the priority of its
security interest in a Financed Vehicle as against liens for repairs of such
Financed Vehicle or for taxes unpaid by the related Obligor or through fraud or
negligence. None of the Depositor, UAFC or UAC will have any obligation to
repurchase a Receivable in respect of which a Trust loses its security interest
or the priority of its security interest in the related Financed Vehicle as the
result of any such mechanic's or tax lien or the fraud or negligence of a third
party occurring after the date such security interest was conveyed to the Trust.
See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Receivables -- Security Interests in
Vehicles".
Certain Legal Aspects -- Consumer Protection Laws. Federal and state
consumer protection laws impose requirements on creditors in connection with
extensions of credit and collections of retail installment loans, and certain of
these laws make an assignee of such a loan (such as a Trust) liable to the
obligor thereon for any violation by the lender. To the extent specified herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement, UAC will be obligated to repurchase
from the related Trust any Receivable that fails to comply with such
requirements. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Receivables -- Consumer
Protection Laws".
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Certain Legal Aspects -- Insolvency Considerations. UAC and UAFC will
warrant to the Depositor in each Purchase Agreement (the benefit of which
warranty will be assigned by the Depositor to each Trust in the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement) that the sale of the Receivables by UAFC to the
Depositor, and by the Depositor to such Trust, respectively, is a valid sale of
the Receivables to the Depositor and to such Trust. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if UAC, UAFC or the Depositor were to become a debtor in a bankruptcy
case and a creditor or trustee-in-bankruptcy of such debtor or such debtor
itself were to take the position that the sale of Receivables to the Depositor
or such Trust, as applicable, should be treated as a pledge of such Receivables
to secure a borrowing of such debtor, then delays in payments of collections of
Receivables to Certificateholders could occur or (should the court rule in favor
of any such trustee, creditor or debtor) reductions in the amounts of such
payments could result. If the transfer of Receivables to the Depositor or any
Trust is treated as a pledge instead of a sale, a tax or government lien on the
property of UAFC or the Depositor, as applicable, arising before the transfer of
such Receivables to such Trust may have priority over such Trust's interest in
such Receivables. If the transactions contemplated herein are treated as a sale,
the Receivables would not be part of UAFC's or the Depositor's bankruptcy estate
and would not be available to creditors of UAFC or the Depositor. See "Certain
Legal Aspects of the Receivables -- Bankruptcy Matters".
The decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, Octagon
Gas Systems, Inc. v. Rimmer (In re Meridian Reserve, Inc.) (decided May 27,
1993), contains language to the effect that under the UCC accounts sold by a
debtor would remain property of the debtor's bankruptcy estate, whether or not
the sale of the accounts was perfected. Although the Receivables constitute
chattel paper under the UCC, rather than accounts, Article 9 of the UCC applies
to the sale of chattel paper as well as the sale of accounts, and perfection of
a security interest in both chattel paper and accounts may be accomplished by
the filing of a UCC-1 financing statement. If, following a bankruptcy of UAC,
UAFC or the Depositor, a court were to follow the reasoning of the Tenth Circuit
reflected in the above case, then the Receivables could be included in the
bankruptcy estate of UAC, UAFC or the Depositor, as applicable, and delays in
payments of collections on or in respect of the Receivables could occur. UAC and
UAFC will warrant to the Depositor in each Purchase Agreement, and the Depositor
will warrant to the Trust in each Pooling and Servicing Agreement, that the sale
of the related Receivables to the Depositor or the related Trust is a sale of
such Receivables to the Depositor and to the Trust, respectively.
Limited Obligations of UAC, UAFC and the Depositor. None of UAC, UAFC or
the Depositor will be generally obligated to make any payments to a Trust in
respect of the related Certificates or Receivables. However, in connection with
the sale of the Receivables, UAC and UAFC will make representations and
warranties regarding the characteristics of such Receivables and, in certain
circumstances, UAC will be required to repurchase from the Trust any Receivables
with respect to which such representations and warranties have been breached.
See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Sale and Assignment
of Receivables". In addition, UAC, as Servicer, may be required to purchase
Receivables from a Trust under certain circumstances set forth in the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement. See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing
Agreements -- Servicing Procedures".
Subordination of Certain Classes of Certificates. To the extent specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, distributions of interest and principal on
one or more classes of Certificates may be subordinated in priority of payment
to interest and principal due on one or more other classes of Certificates of
the same Series.
Limited Assets of each Trust. None of the Trusts will have, nor will any
such Trust be permitted or expected to have, any significant assets or sources
of funds other than the related Receivables and, to the extent provided in the
related Prospectus Supplement, a Pre-Funding Account or Cash Collateral Account,
yield supplement account or other form of credit enhancement. The Certificates
of each Series will represent interests solely in the related Trust and will not
represent obligations of or interests in, or be insured or guaranteed by, UAC,
UAFC, the Depositor, the Trustee or any other entity. Consequently, holders of
the Certificates of any Series must rely for repayment upon payments on the
related Receivables and, if and to the extent available, amounts available under
any available form of credit enhancement, all as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
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Maturity and Prepayment Considerations. All of the Receivables are
prepayable at any time by the related Obligor. As used herein with respect to
any Receivable, the term prepayment includes prepayments in full, partial
prepayments (including those related to rebates of extended warranty contract
costs and insurance premiums) and liquidations due to defaults, as well as
receipts of proceeds from physical damage, credit life and disability insurance
policies and any lender's single insurance policy, and Purchase Amounts with
respect to certain other Receivables repurchased by UAC as a result of a breach
of a representation or warranty or purchased by the Servicer for administrative
reasons. The rate of prepayments on the Receivables may be influenced by a
variety of economic, social and other factors, including the fact that an
Obligor generally may not sell or transfer the Financed Vehicle securing a
Receivable without the consent of UAFC. The rate of prepayment on the
Receivables may also be influenced by the structure of the underlying loans. To
the extent prepayments on the Receivables are more rapid than expected,
Certificateholders' anticipated yield will be reduced. See "Weighted Average
Life of the Certificates". In addition, if so provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Servicer or one or more other entities may be entitled to
purchase, or to cause another person or entity to purchase, the Receivables of a
given Receivables Pool under the circumstances described in such Prospectus
Supplement. See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements
Termination".
In addition, a Series of Certificates may include one or more classes of
interest-only or other Strip Certificates that may be more sensitive than other
classes of Certificates of such Series to the rate of payment on the related
Receivables. Prospective investors in any such class of Certificates should
carefully consider the information provided with respect to such Certificates
under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Ratings of the Certificates. It is a condition of the issuance of the
Certificates to be offered hereunder that they be rated in one of the four
highest rating categories by at least one nationally recognized statistical
rating organization. A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, hold or sell
Certificates inasmuch as a rating does not comment as to market price or
suitability for a particular investor. The ratings of the Certificates will
address the likelihood of the payment of principal and interest thereon pursuant
to their terms. There can be no assurance that a rating will remain in effect
for any given period of time or that a rating will not be lowered or withdrawn
entirely by a Rating Agency if in its judgment circumstances in the future so
warrant. For more detailed information regarding the ratings assigned to any
class of a particular Series of Certificates, see "Summary of Terms --Rating of
the Certificates" and "Risk Factors -- Ratings of the Certificates" in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
Book-Entry Registration. Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, each class of the Certificates of a given Series
initially will be represented by one or more certificates registered in the name
of Cede & Co. ("Cede"), or any other nominee of The Depository Trust Company
("DTC") set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement, and will not be
registered in the names of the holders of such Certificates or their nominees.
Because of this, unless and until Definitive Certificates for such Series are
issued, the beneficial owners of such Certificates will not be recognized by the
Trustee as "Certificateholders" (as such term is used herein or in the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement). Hence, until Definitive Certificates are
issued, beneficial owners of the Certificates will be able to exercise the
rights of Certificateholders only indirectly through DTC and its participating
organizations. See "Description of the Certificates -- Book-Entry Registration"
and " -- Definitive Certificates".
THE TRUSTS
Each Series of Certificates will be issued by a separate Trust established
by the Depositor pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing Agreement for the
transactions described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. The
property of each Trust will include a pool (a "Receivables Pool") of simple
interest or precomputed interest retail installment sale or installment loan
contracts secured by new or used automobiles, light trucks or vans and certain
payments due or received thereunder after the applicable Cutoff Date. The
Receivables in each Receivables Pool were or will be either (a) originated by
Dealers for assignment to UAC (either directly or indirectly through the
Predecessor) or (b) solicited by Dealers for origination by UAC or the
Predecessor. Immediately after the origination or other acquisition of the
Contracts by UAC, UAC sells the Contracts to UAFC in the ordinary course of
business. UAFC, UAC or the Predecessor will be the registered lienholder listed
on the certificates of title of the Financed Vehicles. The Receivables will
continue to be serviced by UAC as the initial Servicer under each Pooling and
Servicing Agreement.
On or prior to the applicable Closing Date, UAFC will sell to the
Depositor, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Receivables in the aggregate
principal amount specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Thereafter, on
such Closing Date, the Depositor will convey such Receivables and, if so
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Pre-Funded Amount to the
related Trust in exchange for the delivery to the Depositor of the Series of
Certificates issued on such date by such Trust. If the Prospectus Supplement
provides for the conveyance of a Pre-Funded Amount to the related Trust, UAFC
will also be required under the Purchase Agreement, and the Depositor will be
required under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, to convey to the
Depositor and the Trust, respectively, Subsequent Receivables from time to time
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during the Funding Period in an aggregate principal amount approximately equal
to such Pre-Funded Amount. Any Subsequent Receivables so conveyed to a Trust
will also be assets of such Trust. Except as otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the property of each Trust will also include (i)
interests in certain amounts that may from time to time be held in separate
trust accounts established and maintained pursuant to the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement and, if so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
the proceeds of such accounts; (ii) security interests in the Financed Vehicles
and any other interest of UAC, the Predecessor, UAFC and the Depositor in such
Financed Vehicles; (iii) any recourse rights of UAC or the Predecessor against
Dealers; (iv) any rights of UAC or the Predecessor to proceeds from claims on or
refunds of premiums with respect to certain physical damage, credit life and
disability insurance policies covering the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, as
the case may be, including any lender's single interest insurance policy; (v)
any property that secures a Receivable and that has been acquired by the Trust;
(vi) certain rights under the related Purchase Agreement; and (vii) any and all
proceeds of the foregoing. UAFC will not convey to the Depositor, and the
Depositor will not convey to a Trust, and the related Certificateholders will
have no interest in, any contract with a Dealer establishing "dealer reserves"
or any rights to recapture dealer reserves pursuant to such a contract. To the
extent specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Pre-Funding Account or
a Cash Collateral Account, a yield supplement account, surety bond, swap or
other interest rate protection, or any other form of credit enhancement may be a
part of the property of a Trust or may be held by the Trustee for the benefit of
holders of the related Certificates.
UAC, as initial Servicer under each Pooling and Servicing Agreement, will
continue to service the Receivables held by each Trust and will receive fees for
such services. See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements --
Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses" herein. To facilitate the
servicing of the Receivables, the Depositor and each Trustee will designate the
Servicer as custodian of the Receivables and the related documents for the
related Trust; due to the administrative burden and expense, however, the
certificates of title to the Financed Vehicles will not be amended to reflect
the sale and assignment of the security interest in the Financed Vehicles to
either the Depositor or the Trust. In the absence of such an amendment, a Trust
may not have a perfected security interest in certain of the Financed Vehicles
in some states. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Receivables" and "Description
of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Sale and Assignment of Receivables".
If the protection provided to the holders of the Certificates of any Series
(the "Certificateholders") by the subordination, if any, of one or more classes
of Certificates of such Series and by any Cash Collateral Account, yield
supplement account or other available form of credit enhancement for such Series
is insufficient, such Certificateholders will have to look to payments by or on
behalf of Obligors on the related Receivables and the proceeds from the
repossession and sale of Financed Vehicles that secure defaulted Receivables for
distributions of principal of and interest on the related Certificates. In such
event, certain factors, such as the Trust's not having perfected security
interests in all of the Financed Vehicles, may limit the ability of a Trust to
realize on the collateral securing the related Receivables or may limit the
amount realized to less than the amount due thereunder. Certificateholders may
thus be subject to delays in payment on, or may incur losses on their investment
in, such Certificates as a result of defaults or delinquencies by Obligors and
depreciation in the value of the related Financed Vehicles. See "Description of
the Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Credit and Cash Flow Enhancement" and
"Certain Legal Aspects of the Receivables".
The Trustee
The Trustee for each Trust will be specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The Trustee's liability in connection with the issuance and sale of
the related Certificates is limited solely to the express obligations of such
Trustee set forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. A Trustee may
resign at any time, in which event the Servicer will be obligated to appoint a
successor Trustee. The Servicer may also remove a Trustee if such Trustee ceases
to be eligible to continue as Trustee under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or if such Trustee becomes insolvent. If the Servicer so removes a
Trustee, the Servicer will be obligated to appoint a successor to such Trustee.
Any resignation or removal of a Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee
will not become effective until acceptance of the appointment by the successor
Trustee.
THE RECEIVABLES POOLS
General
The Receivables in each Receivables Pool were or will be acquired by UAC or
the Predecessor from Dealers or originated by UAC or the Predecessor through
Dealers in the ordinary course of business. Immediately after their origination
or acquisition by UAC, the Receivables were or will be conveyed to UAFC. UAFC,
UAC or the Predecessor will be the registered lienholder on the certificates of
title to each of the Financed Vehicles.
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The Receivables to be sold to each Trust will be selected from UAFC's
portfolio for inclusion in a Receivables Pool based on several criteria,
including that, unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
each Receivable (i) is secured by a new or used vehicle, (ii) provides for level
monthly payments (except for the last payment, which may be different from the
level payments) that fully amortize the amount financed over the original term
to maturity of the Receivable, (iii) is a Precomputed Receivable or a Simple
Interest Receivable and (iv) satisfies the other criteria, if any, set forth in
the related Prospectus Supplement. No selection procedures believed by UAFC or
the Depositor to be adverse to Certificateholders were or will be used in
selecting the Receivables.
Underwriting Procedures
UAC uses the degree of the applicant's creditworthiness as the basic
criterion when originating an installment sale contract or purchasing such a
contract from a Dealer. Each credit application requires that the applicant
provide current information regarding the applicant's employment history, bank
accounts, debts, credit references, and other factors that bear on
creditworthiness. UAC applies uniform underwriting standards when originating
loans on new and used vehicles. UAC also typically obtains credit reports from
major credit reporting agencies summarizing the applicant's credit history and
paying habits, including such items as open accounts, delinquent payments,
bankruptcies, repossessions, lawsuits, and judgments. UAC's credit analysts may
verify an applicant's employment or, where appropriate, check directly with the
applicant's creditors. On the basis of such information, extensive historical
data and the experience of its senior management, UAC is in a position to assess
an applicant's ability to repay a loan. Since December 1988, the criteria
applied by UAC to evaluate applicants have included credit scoring using models
developed by independent firms experienced in developing credit scoring models.
Credit scoring evaluates an applicant's credit profile to arrive at an estimate
of the associated credit risk. Credit scoring models are developed by
statistically evaluating common characteristics of applicants and their
correlation with credit risk.
While UAC adheres to no specific loan-to-value ratios, the amount financed
by UAC under an installment contract generally will not exceed, in the case of
new vehicles, the manufacturer's suggested retail price of the financed vehicle,
including sales tax, license fees and title fees, plus the cost of service and
warranty contracts and premiums for physical damage, credit life and disability
insurance obtained in connection with the vehicle or the financing. In the case
of used vehicles, if the applicant meets UAC's creditworthiness criteria, the
amount financed may exceed the "average black book value" (as published by
National Auto Research, a standard reference source for dealers in used cars) of
the financed vehicle, including sales tax, license fees and title fees, plus the
cost of service and warranty contracts and premiums for physical damage, credit
life and disability insurance obtained in connection with the vehicle or
financing. UAC believes that the resale value of a new vehicle purchased by an
obligor will generally decline below the manufacturer's suggested retail price
and, in some cases, may decline for a period of time below the principal balance
outstanding on the related installment contract. UAC also believes that the
resale value of a used vehicle purchased by an obligor will generally decline,
but believes that the percentage of such decline generally will be less than the
percentage of decline in the resale value of a new vehicle. UAC regularly
reviews the quality of the Contracts purchased from Dealers and periodically
conducts quality audits to ensure compliance with its established policies and
procedures.
The underwriting procedures and standards employed by the Predecessor are
substantially similar to those used by UAC and, accordingly, references to UAC
in the foregoing discussion of UAC's underwriting procedures apply also to any
Receivables included in a Receivables Pool that was acquired by UAC from the
Predecessor or Receivables that are otherwise originated by the Predecessor. See
also "Union Acceptance Corporation and Affiliates" herein.
Allocation of Payments
The Receivables will be either Simple Interest Receivables or Precomputed
Receivables. "Simple Interest Receivables" provide for equal monthly payments
that are applied, first, to interest accrued to the date of such payment, then
to principal due on such date, then to pay any applicable late charges, and then
to further reduce the outstanding principal balance. Accordingly, if an Obligor
pays a fixed monthly installment before its due date under a Simple Interest
Receivable, the portion of the payment allocable to interest for the period
since the preceding payment will be less than it would have been had the payment
been made on the contractual due date, and the portion of the payment applied to
reduce the principal balance of the Receivable will be correspondingly greater.
Conversely, if an Obligor pays a fixed monthly installment under a Simple
Interest Receivable after its contractual due date, the portion of such payment
allocable to interest for the period since the preceding payment will be greater
than it would have been had the payment been made when due, and the portion of
such payment applied to reduce the principal balance of the Receivable will be
correspondingly less, in which case a larger portion of the principal balance
may be due on the final scheduled payment date.
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"Precomputed Receivables" consist of either (i) monthly actuarial
receivables ("Actuarial Receivables") or (ii) receivables that provide for
allocation of payments according to the "sum of periodic balances" method,
similar to the Rule of 78's ("Rule of 78's Receivables"). An Actuarial
Receivable provides for amortization of the loan over a series of fixed level
payment monthly installments. Each monthly installment, including the monthly
installment representing the final payment of the receivable, consists of an
amount of interest equal to 1/12 of the annual percentage rate of the loan
multiplied by the unpaid principal balance of the loan, and an amount of
principal equal to the remainder of the monthly payment. A Rule of 78's
Receivable provides for the payment by the Obligor of a specified total amount
of payments, payable in equal monthly installments on each due date, which total
represents the principal amount financed and add-on interest for the term of the
receivable. The rate at which the amount of add-on interest is earned and,
correspondingly, the amount of each fixed monthly payment allocated to reduction
of the outstanding principal amount of the Receivable are calculated in
accordance with the sum of the periodic time balances or the "Rule of 78's". If
a Precomputed Receivable is prepaid in full (voluntarily or by liquidation,
acceleration or otherwise), under the terms of the Contract a "refund" or
"rebate" will be made to the Obligor of the portion of the total amount of
payments then due and payable under the Contract allocable to "unearned"
interest. Unearned interest is calculated in accordance with the sum of the
periodic time balances method or a method equivalent to the "Rule of 78's". The
amount of any such rebate under a Precomputed Receivable generally will be less
than or equal to the remaining scheduled payments of interest that would have
been due under a Simple Interest Receivable for which all payments were made on
schedule and generally will be significantly less than such amount.
Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus Supplement, all of the
Receivables that are Precomputed Receivables will be Rule of 78's Receivables;
however, the Trust will account for all Rule of 78's Receivables as if such
Receivables were Actuarial Receivables. Except as otherwise indicated in the
related Prospectus Supplement, early payments on Precomputed Receivables
("Payaheads") will be deposited to the Payahead Account as described under
"Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements --Accounts". Amounts
received upon prepayment in full of a Rule of 78's Receivable in excess of the
then outstanding principal balance of such Receivable (computed on an actuarial
basis) will not be passed through to Certificateholders, except to the extent
necessary to pay interest and principal on the Certificates.
In the event of the liquidation of a Receivable or the repossession of a
Financed Vehicle, amounts recovered are applied first to the expenses of
repossession, and then to unpaid interest and principal and any related payment
or other fee.
Delinquencies, Repossessions and Net Losses
Certain information concerning the experience of UAC pertaining to
delinquencies, repossessions and net losses with respect to new and used retail
automobile, light truck and van receivables (including receivables previously
sold by UAC or the Predecessor but which UAC continues to service) will be set
forth in each Prospectus Supplement. There can be no assurance that the
delinquency, repossession and net loss experience with respect to any
Receivables Pool will be comparable to prior experience or to such information.
WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIFE OF THE CERTIFICATES
The weighted average life of the Certificates of any Series generally will
be influenced by the rate at which the principal balances of the related
Receivables are paid, which payment may be in the form of scheduled amortization
or prepayments. For this purpose, the term prepayments includes prepayments in
full, partial prepayments (including those related to rebates of extended
warranty contract costs and insurance premiums), liquidations due to defaults,
as well as receipts of proceeds, if any, from physical damage, credit life and
disability and/or any lender's single interest insurance policies, and the
Purchase Amount of Receivables repurchased by UAC due to a breach of a
representation or warranty or purchased by the Servicer for administrative
purposes. All of the Receivables are prepayable at any time without penalty to
the Obligor. The rate of prepayment of automotive receivables is influenced by a
variety of economic, social and other factors, including the fact that an
Obligor generally may not sell or transfer the Financed Vehicle securing a
Receivable without the consent of UAFC, UAC or the Predecessor, as the
registered lienholder (or the Servicer on behalf of such lienholder). The rate
of prepayment on the Receivables may also be influenced by the structure of the
loan. In addition, under certain circumstances, UAC will be obligated to
repurchase Receivables from a Trust pursuant to the related Purchase Agreement
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and Pooling and Servicing Agreement as a result of breaches of representations
and warranties, and the Servicer will be obligated to purchase Receivables from
a Trust pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement as a result of
breaches of certain covenants. See "Description of the Transfer and Servicing
Agreements -- Sale and Assignment of Receivables" and " -- Servicing
Procedures". See also "Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements --
Termination" regarding the option of the Servicer or any other entity to
purchase or cause the Receivables to be purchased from a Trust.
A Series of Certificates may include one or more classes of Strip
Certificates that are more sensitive than certain other classes of Certificates
of the same Series to the rate of payment of the related Receivables.
Prospective investors in any such Strip Certificates should consider carefully
the information regarding such Certificates in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
In light of the above considerations, there can be no assurance as to the
amount of principal payments to be made on the Certificates of a Series on any
Distribution Date since such amount will depend, in part, on the amount of
principal collected on the related Receivables Pool during the applicable
Collection Period. Any reinvestment risks resulting from a faster or slower
incidence of prepayment of Receivables will be borne entirely by the
Certificateholders. The related Prospectus Supplement may set forth certain
additional information with respect to the maturity and prepayment
considerations applicable to the particular Receivables Pool and the related
Series of Certificates or particular classes of Certificates.
POOL FACTORS AND OTHER CERTIFICATE INFORMATION
The "Certificate Pool Factor" for each class of Certificates will be a
seven-digit decimal which the Servicer will compute prior to each distribution
with respect to such class of Certificates and which will indicate the remaining
Certificate Balance of such class of Certificates, as of the applicable
Distribution Date (after giving effect to distributions to be made on such
Distribution Date), as a fraction of the initial Certificate Balance of such
class of Certificates. Each Certificate Pool Factor will be 1.0000000 as of the
related Closing Date and thereafter will decline to reflect reductions in the
applicable Class Certificate Balance. A Certificateholder's portion of the
aggregate outstanding Class Certificate Balance will equal the product of (a)
the original denomination of such Certificateholder's Certificate and (b) the
applicable Certificate Pool Factor at the time of determination.
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Certificateholders will receive reports on or about each Distribution Date
concerning payments received on the Receivables, the Pool Balance and each
Certificate Pool Factor. In addition, Certificateholders of record during any
calendar year will be furnished information for tax reporting purposes not later
than the latest date permitted by law. See "Description of the Certificates --
Statements to Certificateholders".
USE OF PROCEEDS
On each Closing Date, the Depositor will convey the Receivables and, if so
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the applicable Pre-Funded Amount
to the related Trust in exchange for the related Series of Certificates. Unless
otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Depositor will
apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Certificates to the purchase of the
Receivables from UAFC and, if so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
to fund the Pre-Funding Account. UAFC will use the portion of such proceeds paid
to it to repay short-term borrowings and/or to purchase Contracts from UAC and
for general corporate purposes, and UAC will use such proceeds for general
corporate purposes.
UNION ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION AND AFFILIATES
UAC is an automotive finance company engaged primarily in the indirect
financing (the purchase of loan contracts from Dealers) of automobile purchases
by individuals.
UAC consummated its initial public offering of its Class A Common Stock on
August 7, 1995. In conjunction with such offering, the Predecessor effected a
spin-off of UAC. UAC is no longer a subsidiary of the Predecessor.
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UAFC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of UAC, formed in April 1994 as a
Delaware corporation, and is organized for the limited purpose of acquiring from
UAC and holding automobile installment sale and installment loan contracts,
reselling such receivables and conducting activities incidental thereto.
Immediately upon its acquisition of receivables, UAC sells such receivables to
UAFC, together with its security interest in the related Financed Vehicle and
other collateral. UAFC (or, with respect to certain Receivables, UAC or the
Predecessor) is registered as lienholder on the certificates of title for the
Financed Vehicles.
The Depositor is a wholly-owned subsidiary of UAC, formed in October 1994
as a Delaware corporation and is organized for the limited purpose of acquiring
automobile installment sale and installment loan contracts from UAC or UAFC,
reselling such receivables and conducting activities incidental thereto.
The Depositor has taken steps in structuring the transactions contemplated
hereby that are intended to ensure that the voluntary or involuntary application
for relief by UAC or UAFC under the United States Bankruptcy Code or similar
applicable state laws ("Insolvency Laws") will not result in the consolidation
of the assets and liabilities of the Depositor with those of UAC or UAFC. These
steps include the creation of the Depositor as a separate, limited-purpose
subsidiary pursuant to a certificate of incorporation containing certain
limitations (including restrictions on the nature of the Depositor's business,
as described above, and restrictions on the Depositor's ability to commence a
voluntary case or proceeding under any Insolvency Law without the unanimous
affirmative vote of all its directors). However, there can be no assurance that
the activities of the Depositor would not result in a court concluding that the
assets and liabilities of the Depositor should be consolidated with those of UAC
or UAFC in a proceeding under an Insolvency Law. See "Certain Legal Aspects of
the Receivables -- Bankruptcy Matters".
In addition, tax and certain other statutory liabilities, such as
liabilities to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, if any, relating to the
underfunding of pension plans of UAC or its affiliates can by asserted against
the Depositor. To the extent that any such liabilities arise after the transfer
of Receivables to a Trust, the Trust's interest in the Receivables would be
prior to the interest of the claimant with respect to any such liabilities.
However, the existence of a claim against the Depositor could permit the
claimant to subject the Depositor to an involuntary proceeding under the
Bankruptcy Code or other Insolvency Laws. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the
Receivables -- Bankruptcy Matters".
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
General
Each Trust will issue a Series of Certificates pursuant to a Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. A form of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement has been
filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus forms
a part. The following summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to,
and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the provisions of the related
Certificates and Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Certificates will be available for purchase in minimum denominations of $1,000
and integral multiples in excess thereof in book-entry form only.
Distributions of Principal and Interest
The timing and priority of distributions, seniority, allocations of losses,
Pass-Through Rate and amount of or method of determining distributions with
respect to principal and interest on each class of Certificates of a Series will
be described in the related Prospectus Supplement. Distributions on such
Certificates will be made on the dates specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement (the "Distribution Date") and may be made prior to distributions with
respect to principal of such Certificates. To the extent provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, a Series of Certificates may include one or more classes
of Strip Certificates entitled to (i) interest distributions with
disproportionate, nominal or no principal distributions or (ii) principal
distributions with disproportionate, nominal or no interest distributions. Each
class of Certificates may have a different Pass-Through Rate, which may be a
fixed, variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate (and which may be zero for
certain classes of Strip Certificates) or any combination of the foregoing. The
related Prospectus Supplement will specify the Pass-Through Rate for each class
of Certificates of a Series or the method for determining such Pass-Through
Rate.
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To the extent specified in any Prospectus Supplement, one or more classes
of Certificates of a given Series may have fixed principal and/or interest
distribution schedules, as set forth in such Prospectus Supplement.
In the case of a Series of Certificates that includes two or more classes
of Certificates, the timing, sequential order, priority of payment or amount of
distributions in respect of interest and principal, and any schedule or formula
or other provisions applicable to the determination thereof, of each such class
shall be as set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. Unless otherwise
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, distributions in respect of
interest on and principal of any class of Certificates will be made on a pro
rata basis among all holders of Certificates of such class.
Book-Entry Registration
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each class
of Certificates initially will be represented by one or more certificates, in
each case registered in the name of the nominee of DTC. Unless another nominee
is specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the nominee of DTC will be
Cede. Accordingly, such nominee is expected to be the holder of record of the
Certificates of each Series, except for Certificates, if any, retained by the
Depositor or UAC. Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued under the
limited circumstances described herein or in the related Prospectus Supplement,
no Certificateholder will be entitled to receive a physical certificate
representing a Certificate, all references herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement to actions by Certificateholders will refer to actions taken by DTC
upon instructions from the Participants, and all references herein and in the
related Prospectus Supplement to distributions, notices, reports and statements
to Certificateholders will refer to distributions, notices, reports and
statements to DTC or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered holder
of the Certificates, for distribution to Certificateholders in accordance with
DTC's procedures with respect thereto. Beneficial owners of the Certificates
("Certificate Owners") will not be recognized as "Certificateholders" by the
related Trustee, as such term is used in each Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
and Security Owners will be permitted to exercise the rights of
Certificateholders only indirectly through DTC and its participating members
("Participants").
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the laws of the
State of New York, a "banking organization" within the meaning of the New York
Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation"
within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code (the "UCC") in effect in the
State of New York, and a "clearing agency" registered pursuant to the provisions
of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC was created to hold securities for the
Participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions between Participants through electronic book-entries, thereby
eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Participants include
securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing
corporations. Indirect access to the DTC system also is available to banks,
brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial
relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (the "Indirect
Participants").
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
Certificate Owners that are not Participants or Indirect Participants but desire
to purchase, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of, or an interest in, the
Certificates may do so only through Participants and Indirect Participants. In
addition, all Certificate Owners will receive all distributions of principal and
interest from the related Trustee through Participants. Under a book-entry
format, Certificate Owners may experience some delay in their receipt of
payments, since such payments will be forwarded by the Trustee to DTC's nominee.
DTC will then forward such payments to the Participants, which thereafter will
forward them to Indirect Participants or Certificate Owners.
Under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and affecting DTC and
its operations (the "Rules"), DTC is required to make book-entry transfers among
Participants on whose behalf it acts with respect to the Certificates and to
receive and transmit distributions of principal of and interest on the
Certificates. Participants and Indirect Participants with which Certificate
Owners have accounts with respect to the Certificates similarly are required to
make book-entry transfers and to receive and transmit such payments on behalf of
their respective Certificate Owners. Accordingly, although Certificate Owners
will not possess physical certificates representing the Certificates, the Rules
provide a mechanism by which Participants and Indirect Participants will receive
payments and transfer interests, directly or indirectly, on behalf of
Certificate Owners.
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Because DTC can act only on behalf of Participants, who in turn act on
behalf of Indirect Participants and certain banks, the ability of a Certificate
Owner to pledge Certificates to persons or entities that do not participate in
the DTC system, or otherwise take actions with respect to such Certificates, may
be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate representing such
Certificates.
DTC has advised the Depositor that it will take any action permitted to be
taken by a Certificate Owner under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement only at
the direction of one or more Participants to whose account with DTC the
Certificates are credited. DTC may take conflicting actions with respect to
other undivided interests to the extent that such actions are taken on behalf of
Participants whose holdings include such undivided interests.
Except as required by law, the related Trustee will not have any liability
for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of
beneficial ownership interests of Certificates of any Series held by DTC's
nominee, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to
such beneficial ownership interests.
Definitive Certificates
Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Certificates of a given Series will be issued in fully registered, certificated
form ("Definitive Certificates") to Certificateholders or their respective
nominees, rather than to DTC or its nominee, only if (i) the related Trustee
determines that DTC is no longer willing or able to discharge properly its
responsibilities as depository with respect to the related Certificates and such
Trustee is unable to locate a qualified successor, (ii) the Trustee elects, at
its option, to terminate the book-entry system through DTC or (iii) after the
occurrence of an Event of Default or Servicer Default, Certificate Owners
representing at least a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the
Certificates of such Series, advise the related Trustee through DTC that the
continuation of a book-entry system through DTC (or a successor thereto) is no
longer in the best interests of the related Certificate Owners.
Upon the occurrence of any of the events described in the immediately
preceding paragraph, the related Trustee will be required to notify the related
Certificate Owners, through Participants, of the availability of Definitive
Certificates. Upon surrender by DTC of the certificates representing all
Certificates of any affected class and the receipt of instructions for
re-registration, the Trustee will issue Definitive Certificates to the related
Certificate Owners. Distributions on the related Definitive Certificates will be
made thereafter by the related Trustee directly to the holders in whose name the
related Definitive Certificates are registered at the close of business on the
applicable record date, in accordance with the procedures set forth herein and
in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Distributions will be made by
check mailed to the address of such holders as they appear on the register
specified in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement; however, the final
payment on any Certificates (whether Definitive Certificates or Certificates
registered in the name of a depository or its nominee) will be made only upon
presentation and surrender of such Certificates at the office or agency
specified in the notice of final distribution to Certificateholders.
Definitive Certificates will be transferable and exchangeable at the
offices of the related Trustee (or any security registrar appointed thereby). No
service charge will be imposed for any registration of transfer or exchange, but
such Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge imposed in connection therewith.
Statements to Certificateholders
With respect to each Series of Certificates, on or prior to each
Distribution Date, the Servicer (to the extent applicable to such
Certificateholder) will prepare and forward to the related Trustee to be
included with the distribution to each Certificateholder of record a statement
setting forth for the related Collection Period the following information (and
any other information specified in the related Prospectus Supplement):
(i) the amount of the distribution allocable to principal of each class of
Certificates of such Series;
(ii) the amount of the distribution allocable to interest on each class of
Certificates of such Series;
(iii) the amount of the Servicing Fee paid to the Servicer with respect to
the related Collection Period;
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(iv) the Class Certificate Balance and Certificate Pool Factor for each
class of Certificates of such Series as of the related record date;
(v) the balance of any Cash Collateral Account or other form of credit
enhancement, after giving effect to any additions thereto or
withdrawals therefrom or reductions thereto to be made on the
following Distribution Date;
(vi) with respect to any Series of Certificates as to which a Pre-Funding
Account has been established, for Distribution Dates during the
Funding Period, the remaining Pre-Funded Amount; and
(vii) for the Distribution Date that falls on or immediately after the end
of the Funding Period, if any, the amount of the Pre-Funded Amount
that has not been used to purchase Subsequent Receivables.
Dollar amounts described in items (i), (ii) and (iv) above will be
expressed as a dollar amount per $1,000 of initial Class Certificate Balance of
such Certificates.
In addition, within the prescribed period of time for tax reporting
purposes after the end of each calendar year during the term of each Trust, the
related Trustee or Indenture Trustee, as applicable, will mail to each person
who at any time during such calendar year shall have been a registered
Certificateholder a statement containing certain information for the purposes of
such Certificateholder's preparation of federal income tax returns. See "Certain
Federal Income Tax Consequences".
List of Certificateholders
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Trustee, within 15 days after receipt of written request of the Servicer, will
provide the Servicer with a list of the names and addresses of all holders of
record as of the most recent record date of the related Series of Certificates.
In addition, three or more holders of the Certificates of any Series or one or
more holders of such Certificates evidencing not less than 25% of the applicable
Certificate Balance may, by written request to the related Trustee, obtain
access to the list of all Certificateholders maintained by such Trustee for the
purpose of communicating with other Certificateholders with respect to their
rights under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or under such
Certificates.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRANSFER AND SERVICING AGREEMENTS
The following summary describes certain terms of each Purchase Agreement
and Pooling and Servicing Agreement (collectively, the "Transfer and Servicing
Agreements") pursuant to which the Depositor will purchase Receivables from
UAFC, a Trust will purchase Receivables from the Depositor, and the Servicer
will agree to service such Receivables. Forms of the Purchase Agreement and
Pooling and Servicing Agreement have been filed as exhibits to the Registration
Statement of which this Prospectus forms a part. The following summary does not
purport to be complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to, the provisions of the related Transfer and Servicing Agreements.
Sale and Assignment of Receivables
On the related Closing Date, (i) UAFC will sell and assign to the Depositor
pursuant to the related Purchase Agreement, without recourse, its entire right
in the related Receivables, including its security interests in the related
Financed Vehicles and (ii) the Depositor will sell and assign to the related
Trust pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, without recourse,
(a) its entire right in such Receivables, including the security interests in
the Financed Vehicles, and (b) if so provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the applicable Pre-Funded Amount. Each Receivable will be identified
in a schedule appearing as an exhibit to the related Purchase Agreement and
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Trustee will, concurrently with such sale
and assignment of the Receivables and, if applicable, the Pre-Funded Amount, to
the related Trust, execute, authenticate and deliver the related Series of
Certificates to the Depositor in exchange for such Receivables and such
Pre-Funded Amount, if any. The related Prospectus Supplement will specify
whether the property of a Trust will include the Pre-Funded Amount and, if so,
the terms, conditions and manner under which Subsequent Receivables will be sold
and assigned by the Depositor to the related Trust.
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In each Purchase Agreement, UAFC and UAC will represent and warrant to the
Depositor, among other things, that (i) the information provided with respect to
the related Receivables is correct in all material respects; (ii) the Obligor on
each such Receivable has obtained or agreed to obtain and maintain physical
damage insurance covering the Financed Vehicle in accordance with UAC's normal
requirements; (iii) at the Closing Date, with respect to Receivables conveyed to
a Trust on the Closing Date, and on the applicable Subsequent Transfer Date with
respect to any Subsequent Receivables, the Receivables are free and clear of all
security interests, liens, charges and encumbrances, other than the lien of the
Depositor, and no offsets, defenses or counterclaims against the Depositor, UAFC
or UAC have been asserted or threatened with respect to the related Receivables;
(iv) at the Closing Date or Subsequent Transfer Date, as applicable, each of the
related Receivables is secured by a first perfected security interest in the
related Financed Vehicle in favor of UAFC (or UAC or the Predecessor) or all
necessary action has been taken by UAC or the Predecessor to secure such a first
perfected security interest; and (v) each of the related Receivables, at the
time it was originated, complied and, at the Closing Date or Subsequent Transfer
Date, as applicable, complies, in all material respects with applicable federal
and state laws, including, without limitation, consumer credit, truth in
lending, equal credit opportunity and disclosure laws. As of the last day of any
Collection Period following the discovery by or notice to UAC of a breach of any
such representation or warranty that materially and adversely affects the
interests of the Depositor or its assignee in a Receivable (or as of the last
day of the preceding Collection Period, if UAC so elects), UAC, unless it has
cured such breach, will repurchase the Receivable at a price equal to the unpaid
principal balance owed by the Obligor thereon plus, if the nonpayment of
interest on such Receivable would require a withdrawal from or on any Cash
Collateral Account or other form of credit enhancement in connection with the
purchase of such Receivable on such date, accrued interest thereon at the
applicable Contract Rate to the date of purchase (the "Purchase Amount"), and
such Receivable will be considered a "Purchased Receivable" as of such date. In
each Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Depositor will assign certain rights
under the related Purchase Agreement to the related Trust, including the right
to cause UAC to repurchase Receivables with respect to which it is in breach of
any such representation and warranty. The repurchase obligation of UAC pursuant
to each Purchase Agreement and Pooling and Servicing Agreement will constitute
the sole remedy available to the related Certificateholders or Trustee for any
uncured breach of a representation or warranty.
If the related Prospectus Supplement provides that the property of a Trust
will include a Pre-Funding Account, UAFC will be obligated to sell and assign to
the Depositor pursuant to the related Purchase Agreement, and the Depositor will
be obligated to sell and assign to the related Trust pursuant to the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, Subsequent Receivables from time to time during
the Funding Period in an aggregate outstanding principal amount approximately
equal to the Pre-Funded Amount. The related Trust will be obligated pursuant to
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement to purchase all such Subsequent
Receivables from the Depositor subject to the satisfaction, on or before the
related Subsequent Transfer Date, of the following conditions precedent, among
others: (i) each such Subsequent Receivable shall satisfy the eligibility
criteria specified in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement and shall not
have been selected from among the eligible Receivables in a manner that UAFC or
the Depositor deems adverse to the interests the related Certificateholders;
(ii) as of the applicable Cutoff Date for such Subsequent Receivables, all of
the Receivables in the related Trust, including the Subsequent Receivables to be
conveyed to the Trust as of such date, must satisfy the parameters described
under "The Receivables Pools" herein and "The Receivables Pool" in the related
Prospectus Supplement; (iii) any required deposit to any Cash Collateral Account
or other similar account must have been made; and (iv) UAFC must execute and
deliver to the Depositor, and the Depositor must execute and deliver to such
Trust, a written assignment conveying such Subsequent Receivables to the
Depositor and the related Trust, respectively. In addition, the conveyance of
Subsequent Receivables to a Trust is subject to the satisfaction of the
following conditions subsequent, among others, each of which must be satisfied
within the applicable within the time period specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement: (a) the Depositor must deliver certain opinions of counsel to the
related Trustee with respect to the validity of the conveyance of such
Subsequent Receivables to the Trust; (b) the Trustee must receive written
confirmation from a firm of certified independent public accountants that, as of
the end of the period specified therein, the Receivables in the related
Receivables Pool, including all such Subsequent Receivables, satisfied the
parameters described under "The Receivables Pools" herein and "The Receivables
Pool" in the related Prospectus Supplement; and (c) each of the Rating Agencies
must have notified the Depositor in writing that, following the conveyance of
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the Subsequent Receivables to the Trust, each class of Certificates of the
related Series will have the same rating assigned to it by such Rating Agency
that it had on the related Closing Date. If any such conditions precedent or
conditions subsequent are not met with respect to any Subsequent Receivables
within the time period specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, UAC will
be required under the related Purchase Agreement and Pooling and Servicing
Agreement to repurchase such Subsequent Receivables from the related Trust, at a
purchase price equal to the related Purchase Amounts therefor.
Accounts
Certificate Account. With respect to each Trust, the Servicer will
establish and maintain with the related Trustee one or more accounts, in the
name of the Trustee on behalf of the related Certificateholders, into which all
payments made on or in respect of the related Receivables will be deposited and
from which all distributions with respect to the related Certificates will be
made (the "Certificate Account"). The amounts on deposit in the Certificate
Account will be invested by the Trustee in Eligible Investments.
Payahead Account. If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer will establish an additional account (the "Payahead Account"), in the
name of the Trustee and for the benefit of Obligors on the Receivables, into
which, to the extent required by the Agreement, Payaheads on Precomputed
Receivables will be deposited until such time as the payment becomes due. Until
such time as payments are transferred from the Payahead Account to the
Certificate Account, they will not constitute collected interest or collected
principal and will not be available for distribution to Certificateholders. The
Payahead Account will initially be maintained with the Trustee. Interest earned
on the balance in the Payahead Account will be remitted to the Servicer monthly.
Collections on a Precomputed Receivable made during a Collection Period shall be
applied first to any overdue scheduled payment on such Receivable, then to the
scheduled payment on such Receivable due in such Collection Period. If any
collections remaining after the scheduled payment is made are insufficient to
prepay the Precomputed Receivable in full, then generally such remaining
collections shall be transferred to and kept in the Payahead Account until such
later Collection Period as the collections may be retransferred to the
Certificate Account and applied either to a later scheduled payment or to prepay
such Receivable in full.
Pre-Funding Account. If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
the Servicer will establish and maintain an account, in the name of the related
Trustee on behalf of the related Certificateholders, into which the Depositor
will deposit the Pre-Funded Amount on the related Closing Date (the "Pre-Funding
Account"). In no event will the Pre-Funded Amount exceed 25% of the aggregate
Certificate Balance of the related Series of Certificates. The Pre-Funded Amount
will be used by the related Trustee to purchase Subsequent Receivables from the
Depositor from time to time during the Funding Period. The amounts on deposit in
the Pre-Funding Account during the Funding Period will be invested by the
Trustee in Eligible Investments. Any investment income received on the Eligible
Investments during a Collection Period (such amounts, net of any related
investment expenses, "Investment Income") will be included in the interest
distribution amount on the following Distribution Date. The Funding Period, if
any, for a Trust will begin on the related Closing Date and will end on the date
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, which in no event will be later
than the date that is three calendar months after the related Closing Date. Any
amounts remaining in the Pre-Funding Account at the end of the Funding Period
will be distributed to the related Certificateholders, in the manner and
priority specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, as a prepayment of
principal of the related Certificates.
Any other accounts to be established with respect to a Trust, including any
Cash Collateral Account or yield supplement account, will be described in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
For each Series of Certificates, funds in the Certificate Account,
Pre-Funding Account and any other account identified as such in the related
Prospectus Supplement (collectively, the "Trust Accounts") will be invested as
provided in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement in Eligible Investments
and any related Investment Income will be distributed as described herein and in
the related Prospectus Supplement. "Eligible Investments" generally will be
limited to investments acceptable to the Rating Agencies as being consistent
with the rating of the related Certificates. Except as may be otherwise
indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, Eligible Investments will
include (i) direct obligations of, and obligations guaranteed by, the United
States of America, the Federal National Mortgage Association, or any
instrumentality of the United States of America; (ii) demand and time deposits
in or similar obligations of any depository institution or trust company
(including the Trustee or any agent of the Trustee, acting in their respective
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commercial capacities) rated P-1 by Moody's or A-1+ by Standard & Poor's (an
"Approved Rating") or any other deposit which is fully insured by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation; (iii) repurchase obligations with respect to any
security issued or guaranteed by an instrumentality of the United States of
America entered into with a depository institution or trust company having an
Approved Rating (acting as principal); (iv) short-term corporate securities
bearing interest or sold at a discount issued by any corporation incorporated
under the laws of the United States of America or any State, the short-term
unsecured obligations of which have an Approved Rating, or higher, at the time
of such investment; (v) commercial paper having an Approved Rating at the time
of such investment; (vi) a guaranteed investment contract issued by any
insurance company or other corporation acceptable to the Rating Agencies; (vii)
interests in any money market fund having a rating of Aaa by Moody's or AAAm by
Standard & Poor's; and (viii) any other investment approved in advance in
writing by the Rating Agencies.
Except as described herein or in the related Prospectus Supplement,
Eligible Investments will be limited to obligations or securities that mature on
or before the date of the next scheduled distribution to Certificateholders of
such Series; provided, however, that, unless the related Prospectus Supplement
requires otherwise, each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will generally permit
the investment of funds in any Cash Collateral Account or similar type of credit
enhancement account to be invested in Eligible Investments without the
limitation that such Eligible Investments mature not later than the business day
prior to the next succeeding Distribution Date if (i) the Servicer obtains a
liquidity facility or similar arrangement with respect to such Cash Collateral
Account or other account and (ii) each rating agency that initially rated the
related Certificates confirms in writing that the ratings of such Certificates
will not be lowered or withdrawn as a result of eliminating or modifying such
limitation.
The Accounts will be maintained as Eligible Deposit Accounts. "Eligible
Deposit Account" means either (a) a segregated account with an Eligible
Institution or (b) a segregated trust account with the corporate trust
department of a depository institution organized under the laws of the United
States of America or any one of the states thereof or the District of Columbia
(or any domestic branch of a foreign bank), having corporate trust powers and
acting as trustee for funds deposited in such account, so long as any of the
securities of such depository institution have a credit rating from each Rating
Agency in one of its generic rating categories that signifies investment grade.
"Eligible Institution" means, with respect to a Trust, (a) the corporate trust
department of the related Trustee or (b) a depository institution organized
under the laws of the United States of America or any one of the states thereof
or the District of Columbia (or any domestic branch of a foreign bank) (i) that
has either (A) a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least Baa3 from Moody's
Investor's Service, Inc. or (B) a long-term unsecured debt rating, a short-term
unsecured debt rating or a certificate of deposit rating acceptable to the
Rating Agencies and (ii) whose deposits are insured by the FDIC.
Servicing Procedures
The Servicer will make reasonable efforts to collect all payments due with
respect to the Receivables and will, consistent with the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, follow such collection procedures as it follows with
respect to comparable automotive installment contracts that it owns or services
for others. The Servicer will continue to follow such normal collection
practices and procedures as it deems necessary or advisable to realize upon any
Receivables with respect to which the Servicer determines that eventual payment
in full is unlikely. The Servicer may sell the Financed Vehicle securing such
Receivables at a public or private sale, or take any other action permitted by
applicable law.
Consistent with its normal procedures, the Servicer may, in its discretion,
arrange with the Obligor on a Receivable to extend or modify the payment
schedule; if, however, the extension of a payment schedule causes a Receivable
to remain outstanding on the final scheduled Distribution Date with respect to a
Series of Certificates specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (the
"Final Scheduled Distribution Date"), the Servicer will purchase such Receivable
as of the last day of the Collection Period preceding such Final Scheduled
Distribution Date. The Servicer's purchase obligation will constitute the sole
remedy available to the related Certificateholders or Trustee for any such
modification of a Contract.
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Collections
With respect to each Trust, the Servicer will deposit all payments (from
whatever source) on and all proceeds of the related Receivables collected during
a Collection Period into the related Certificate Account not later than two
business days after receipt thereof. However, at any time that and for so long
as (i) UAC is the Servicer, (ii) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing with respect to the Servicer and (iii) each other condition to making
deposits less frequently than daily as may be specified by the Rating Agencies
or set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement is satisfied, the Servicer
will not be required to deposit such amounts into the Certificate Account until
on or before the applicable Distribution Date. Pending deposit into the
Certificate Account, collections may be invested by the Servicer at its own risk
and for its own benefit and will not be segregated from its own funds. If the
Servicer were unable to remit such funds, Certificateholders might incur a loss.
To the extent set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer may,
in order to satisfy the requirements described above, obtain a letter of credit
or other security for the benefit of the related Trust to secure timely
remittances of collections on the related Receivables and payment of the
aggregate Purchase Amounts with respect to Receivables purchased by the
Servicer.
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Prospectus Supplement,
Payaheads on Precomputed Receivables will be transferred from the Certificate
Acount and deposited into the Payahead Account for subsequent transfer to the
Certificate Account, as described above under "-- Accounts"
Advances
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, if a
Receivable is delinquent more than 30 days at the end of a Collection Period,
the Servicer will make an Advance in the amount of 30 days of interest due on
such Receivable, but only to the extent that the Servicer, in its sole
discretion, expects to recoup the Advance from subsequent collections on the
Receivable or from withdrawals from any Cash Collateral Account or other form of
credit enhancement. The Servicer will deposit Advances in the Certificate
Account on or prior to the date specified therefor in the related Prospectus
Supplement. If the Servicer determines that reimbursement of an Advance from
subsequent payments on or with respect to the related Receivable is unlikely,
the Servicer may recoup such Advance from insurance proceeds, collections made
on other Receivables from any other source specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer will be entitled to receive a fee with respect to each Trust (the
"Servicing Fee"), equal to one percent (1.00%) per annum (the "Servicing Fee
Rate"), payable monthly at one-twelfth the annual rate, of the related aggregate
Certificate Balance as of the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect
to distributions to be made on such preceding Distribution Date). Unless
otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer also will
collect and retain any late fees, prepayment charges, other administrative fees
or similar charges allowed by applicable law with respect to the Receivables and
will be entitled to reimbursement from each Trust for certain liabilities.
The Servicing Fee will compensate the Servicer for performing the
functions of a third-party servicer of automotive receivables as an agent for
the related Trust, including collecting and posting all payments, making
Advances, responding to inquiries of Obligors on the Receivables, investigating
delinquencies, sending payment coupons to Obligors, and overseeing the
collateral in cases of Obligor default. The Servicing Fee will also compensate
the Servicer for administering the related Receivables Pool, including
accounting for collections and furnishing monthly and annual statements to the
related Trustee with respect to distributions, and generating federal income tax
information for such Trust and for the related Certificateholders. The Servicing
Fee also will reimburse the Servicer for certain taxes, accounting fees, outside
auditor fees, data processing costs, and other costs incurred in connection with
administering the applicable Receivables Pool.
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Distributions
With respect to each Series of Certificates, beginning on the Distribution
Date specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, distributions of principal
and interest (or, where applicable, of interest only or principal only) on each
class of Certificates entitled thereto will be made by the related Trustee to
the related Certificateholders. The timing, calculation, allocation, order,
source and priorities of, and requirements for, all distributions to the holders
of each class of Certificates will be set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
With respect to each Trust, collections on or with respect to the related
Receivables will be deposited into the related Certificate Account for
distribution to the related Certificateholders on each Distribution Date to the
extent and in the priority provided in the related Prospectus Supplement. Credit
enhancement, such as a Cash Collateral Account or yield supplement account or
other arrangement, may be available to cover shortfalls in the amount available
for distribution on such date to the extent specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. As more fully described in the related Prospectus Supplement, and
unless otherwise specified therein, distributions in respect of principal of a
class of Certificates of a Series will be subordinate to distributions in
respect of interest on such class, and distributions in respect of one or more
classes of Certificates of a Series may be subordinate to payments in respect of
other classes of Certificates. Distributions of principal on the Certificates of
a Series may be based on the amount of principal collected or due, or the amount
of realized losses incurred, in a Collection Period.
Credit and Cash Flow Enhancement
The amounts and types of any credit and cash flow enhancement arrangements
and the provider thereof, if applicable, with respect to each class of
Certificates of a Series will be set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
To the extent provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, credit or cash flow
enhancement may be in the form of subordination of one or more classes of
Certificates, Cash Collateral Accounts, reserve accounts, yield supplement
accounts, spread accounts, letters of credit, surety bonds, insurance policies,
over-collateralization, credit or liquidity facilities, guaranteed investment
contracts, swaps or other interest rate protection agreements, repurchase
obligations, other agreements with respect to third-party payments or other
support, cash deposits, or such other arrangements as may be described in the
related Prospectus Supplement, or any combination of the foregoing. If specified
in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, credit or cash flow enhancement for a
class of Certificates may cover one or more other classes of Certificates of the
same Series, and credit enhancement for a Series of Certificates may cover one
or more other Series of Certificates.
The existence of a Cash Collateral Account or other form of credit
enhancement for the benefit of any class or Series of Certificates is intended
to enhance the likelihood of receipt by the Certificateholders of such class or
Series of the full amount of principal and interest due thereon and to decrease
the likelihood that such Certificateholders will experience losses. Unless
otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the credit enhancement
for a class or Series of Certificates will not provide protection against all
risks of loss and will not guarantee repayment of all principal and interest
thereon. If losses occur which exceed the amount covered by such credit
enhancement or which are not covered by such credit enhancement,
Certificateholders will bear their allocable share of such losses, as described
in the related Prospectus Supplement. In addition, if a form of credit
enhancement covers more than one Series of Certificates, Certificateholders of
any such Series will be subject to the risk that such credit enhancement may be
exhausted by the claims of Certificateholders of other Series.
Cash Collateral Account. If so provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement the
Depositor will establish an account (a "Cash Collateral Account") for a Series
or class or classes of Certificates, which will be maintained with the related
Trustee. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Cash
Collateral Account will be funded by an initial deposit by the Depositor on the
Closing Date in the amount set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement and,
if the related Series has a Funding Period, may also be funded on each
Subsequent Transfer Date to the extent described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. As further described in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
amount on deposit in the Cash Collateral Account may be increased or reinstated
on each Distribution Date, to the extent described in the related Prospectus
Supplement, by the deposit thereto of the amount of collections on the related
Receivables remaining on such Distribution Date after the payment of all other
required payments and distributions on such date. The related Prospectus
Supplement will describe the circumstances under which and the manner in which
distributions may be made out of any such Cash Collateral Account, either to
holders of the Certificates covered thereby or to the Depositor or to any other
entity.
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Evidence as to Compliance
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that a firm of
independent public accountants will furnish annually to the related Trustee a
statement as to compliance by the Servicer during the preceding twelve months
with certain standards relating to the servicing of the Receivables.
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will also provide for delivery to the
related Trustee each year of a certificate signed by an officer of the Servicer
stating that the Servicer has fulfilled its obligations under the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement throughout the preceding twelve months or, if
there has been a default in the fulfillment of any such obligation, describing
each such default. The Servicer has agreed or will agree to give each Trustee
notice of certain Servicer Defaults under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
Copies of the foregoing statements and certificates may be obtained by
Certificateholders by a request in writing addressed to the related Trustee at
the Corporate Trust Office for such Trustee specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Certain Matters Regarding the Servicer
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that UAC may not resign
from its obligations and duties as Servicer thereunder, except upon
determination that UAC's performance of such duties is no longer permissible
under applicable law. No such resignation will become effective until the
related Trustee or a successor servicer has assumed UAC's servicing obligations
and duties under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will further provide that neither the
Servicer nor any of its directors, officers, employees and agents will be under
any liability to the related Trust or Certificateholders for taking any action
or for refraining from taking any action pursuant to the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that neither
the Servicer nor any such person will be protected against any liability that
would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or
negligence in the performance of the Servicer's duties or by reason of reckless
disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder. In addition, each Pooling
and Servicing Agreement will provide that the Servicer is under no obligation to
appear in, prosecute or defend any legal action that is not incidental to its
servicing responsibilities under such Pooling and Servicing Agreement and that,
in its opinion, may cause it to incur any expense or liability.
Under the circumstances specified in each Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
any entity into which UAC may be merged or consolidated, or any entity resulting
from any merger or consolidation to which UAC is a party, or any entity
succeeding to the indirect automobile financing and receivable servicing
business of UAC, which corporation or other entity assumes the obligations of
the Servicer, will be the successor to the Servicer under the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement.
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Events of Default
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, "Events of
Default" under each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will consist of: (i) any
failure by the Servicer or UAC to deliver to the related Trustee for
distribution to the related Certificateholders any required payment, which
failure continues unremedied for five business days after written notice to the
Servicer of such failure from the Trustee or holders of the related Certificates
evidencing not less than 25% of the aggregate Certificate Balance (or notional
principal amount, if applicable); (ii) any failure by the Servicer, UAC or the
Depositor duly to observe or perform in any material respect any covenant or
agreement in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which failure
materially and adversely affects the rights of the related Certificateholders
and which continues unremedied for 60 days after written notice of such failure
is given (1) to the Servicer, UAC or the Depositor, as the case may be, by the
related Trustee or (2) to the Servicer, UAC or the Depositor, as the case may
be, and to the related Trustee by holders of the related Certificates evidencing
not less than 25% of the related Certificate Balance (or notional principal
amount, if applicable); and (iii) certain events of insolvency, readjustment of
debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities, or similar proceedings with respect
to the Servicer and certain actions by the Servicer indicating its insolvency,
reorganization pursuant to bankruptcy proceedings or inability to pay its
obligations.
Rights Upon Event of Default
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, as long as
an Event of Default under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement remains
unremedied, the related Trustee or holders of Certificates of the related Series
evidencing not less than 25% of the Certificate Balance (or notional principal
amount, if applicable) may terminate all the rights and obligations of the
Servicer under such Pooling and Servicing Agreement, whereupon a successor
Servicer appointed by the related Trustee or such Trustee will succeed to all
the responsibilities, duties and liabilities of the Servicer under such Pooling
and Servicing Agreement and will be entitled to similar compensation
arrangements, provided, however, that if the Trustee becomes the successor
Servicer it will not be subject to all of the indemnification obligations of the
Servicer. If, however, a bankruptcy trustee or similar official has been
appointed for the Servicer, and no Event of Default other than such appointment
has occurred, such trustee or official may have the power to prevent the related
Trustee or the related Certificateholders from effecting a transfer of
servicing. In the event that the related Trustee is unwilling or unable to act
as successor to the Servicer, such Trustee may appoint, or may petition a court
of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a successor with assets of at least
$50,000,000 and whose regular business includes the servicing of automotive
receivables. The related Trustee may arrange for compensation to be paid to such
successor Servicer, which in no event may be greater than the servicing
compensation paid to the Servicer under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
Waiver of Past Defaults
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, holders of
Certificates evidencing not less than a majority of the related aggregate
Certificate Balance (or notional principal amount, if applicable) may, on behalf
of all such Certificateholders, waive any default by the Servicer in the
performance of its obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
and its consequences, except a default in making any required deposits to or
payments from any Account in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement. No such waiver will impair the Certificateholders' rights with
respect to subsequent Events of Default.
Amendment
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Pooling and Servicing Agreement may be amended from time to time by the
Depositor, the Servicer and the related Trustee, without the consent of the
related Certificateholders, to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any
provision therein that may be inconsistent with other provisions therein, or to
make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under
such Pooling and Servicing Agreement that are not inconsistent with the
provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; provided that such action
shall not, in the opinion of counsel satisfactory to the related Trustee,
materially and adversely affect the interests of any related Certificateholder.
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement may also be amended by the Depositor, the
Servicer and the related Trustee with the consent of the holders of the related
Certificates evidencing not less than 51% of the related aggregate Certificate
Balance (and notional principal amount, if applicable) for the purpose of adding
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any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions
of such Pooling and Servicing Agreement or of modifying in any manner the rights
of such Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment may (i)
increase or reduce in any manner the amount of, or accelerate or delay the
timing of, collections of payments on or in respect of the related Receivables
or distributions that are required to be made for the benefit of such
Certificateholders or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of the Certificate
Balance of such Series that is required to consent to any such amendment,
without the consent of the holders of all of the outstanding Certificates of
such Series. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, any
provision in a Pooling and Servicing Agreement that imposes unlimited liability
on the holder of a Class IC Certificate and provides for the termination of the
related Trust upon the occurrence of an "Insolvency Event" (as described in the
related Prospectus Supplement) with respect to such holder of the Class IC
Certificate, shall not be amended without the unanimous consent of the Trustee
and all holders of outstanding Certificates of such Series. No amendment of a
Pooling and Servicing Agreement shall be permitted unless an opinion of counsel
is delivered to the Trustee to the effect that such amendment will not adversely
affect the tax status of the Trust.
Termination
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
obligations of the Servicer, the Depositor and the related Trustee pursuant to
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement will terminate upon the earliest to
occur of (i) the maturity or other liquidation of the last Receivable in the
related Receivables Pool and the disposition of any amounts received upon
liquidation of any such remaining Receivables and (ii) the payment to the
related Certificateholders of all amounts required to be paid to them pursuant
to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and (iii) the occurrence of certain
Insolvency Events, to the extent set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, in order
to avoid excessive administrative expenses, the Servicer or one or more other
entities identified in the related Prospectus Supplement, will be permitted, at
its option, to purchase from each Trust or to cause such Trust to sell all
remaining Receivables in the related Receivables Pool as of the end of any
Collection Period, if the Certificate Balance as of the Distribution Date
following such Collection Period would be less than or equal to 10% of the
initial aggregate Certificate Balance, at a purchase price equal to the fair
market value of such Receivables, but not less than the sum of (x) the
outstanding Pool Balance and (y) accrued and unpaid interest on such amount
computed at a rate equal to the weighted average Contract Rate, minus any amount
representing payments received on the Receivables and not yet applied to reduce
the principal balance thereof or interest related thereto.
If and to the extent provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
related Trustee will, within ten days following a Distribution Date as of which
the Pool Balance is equal to or less than 10% of the original Pool Balance,
solicit bids for the purchase of the Receivables remaining in such Trust, in the
manner and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in such Prospectus
Supplement. If such Trustee receives satisfactory bids as described in such
Prospectus Supplement, then the Receivables remaining in such Trust will be sold
to the highest bidder.
CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE RECEIVABLES
Security Interest in Vehicles
Installment sale contracts such as those included in the Receivables
evidence the credit sale of automobiles, light trucks and vans by dealers to
obligors; the contracts and the installment loan and security agreements also
constitute personal property security agreements and include grants of security
interests in the vehicles under the UCC. Perfection of security interests in the
vehicles is generally governed by the motor vehicle registration laws of the
state in which the vehicle is located. In all of the States where UAC currently
acquires or originates Receivables, a security interest in a vehicle is
perfected by notation of the secured party's lien on the vehicle's certificate
of title. With respect to the Receivables, the lien is or will be perfected in
the name of UAC, UAFC or, in certain cases, the Predecessor. Each Receivable
prohibits the sale or transfer of the Financed Vehicle without the lienholder's
consent.
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Pursuant to each Purchase Agreement, UAFC will assign its security
interests in the Financed Vehicles to the Depositor along with the Receivables.
Pursuant to each Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Depositor will assign its
security interests in the Financed Vehicles to the related Trustee along with
the Receivables. Because of the administrative burden and expense, neither the
Depositor nor the related Trustee will amend any certificate of title to
identify itself as the secured party.
In most states, an assignment such as that under a Pooling and Servicing
Agreement is an effective conveyance of a security interest without amendment of
any lien noted on a vehicle's certificate of title, and the assignee succeeds
thereby to the assignor's rights as secured party. In many states in which the
Receivables were originated, the laws governing certificates of title are silent
on the question of the effect of an assignment on the continued validity and
perfection of a security interest in vehicles. However, with respect to security
interests perfected by a central filing, the UCC in these states provides that a
security interest continues to be valid and perfected even though the security
interest has been assigned to a third party and no amendments or other filings
are made to reflect the assignment. An official comment to the UCC states that
this rule should control a security interest in a vehicle which is perfected by
the notation of the lien on the certificate of title. Although the comment does
not have the force of law, official comments are typically given substantial
weight by the courts.
The other states in which the Receivables were originated have statutory
provisions that address or could be interpreted as addressing assignments.
However, nearly all of these statutory provisions either do not require
compliance with the procedure outlined to insure the continued validity and
perfection of the lien or are ambiguous on the issue of whether the procedure
must be followed. Under the official comment noted above, if these procedures
for noting an assignee's name on a certificate of title are determined to be
merely permissive in nature, the procedures would not have to be followed as a
condition to the continued validity and perfection of the security interest. In
Maryland, where the statutory procedure clearly must be followed to assure
continued validity and perfection of the security interest, the Servicer will
comply with such procedure.
By not identifying the Trust as the secured party on the certificate of
title, the security interest of the Trust in the vehicle could be defeated
through fraud or negligence. In the absence of fraud or forgery by the vehicle
owner, UAC, UAFC or the Predecessor or administrative error by state or local
agencies, the notation of the UAFC's or the Predecessor's lien on the
certificates should be sufficient to protect the Trust against the right of
subsequent purchasers of a vehicle or subsequent lenders who take a security
interest in a vehicle securing a Receivable. If there are any vehicles as to
which UAC, UAFC or the Predecessor failed to obtain a perfected security
interest, its security interest would be subordinate to, among others,
subsequent purchasers of the vehicles and holders of perfected security
interests. Such a failure, however, would constitute a breach of warranties
under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement and Purchase Agreement and
would create an obligation of UAC to repurchase the related Receivable, unless
such breach were cured in a timely manner. See "Description of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreements -- Sale and Assignment of Receivables."
Under the laws of most states, including most of the states in which the
Receivables have been or will be originated, the perfected security interest in
a vehicle continues for four months after a vehicle is moved to a state other
than the state which issued the certificate of title and thereafter until the
vehicle owner re-registers the vehicle in the new state. A majority of states
require surrender of a certificate of title to re-register a vehicle. Since UAFC
(or UAC or the Predecessor) will have its lien noted on the certificates of
title and the Servicer will retain possession of the certificates issued by most
states in which Receivables were or will be originated, the Servicer would
ordinarily learn of an attempt at re-registration through the request from the
obligor to surrender possession of the certificate of title or would receive
notice of surrender from the state of re-registration since the security
interest would be noted on the certificate of title. Thus, the secured party
would have the opportunity to re-perfect its security interest in the vehicle in
the state of relocation. In states that do not require a certificate of title
for registration of a motor vehicle, re-registration could defeat perfection.
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In the ordinary course of servicing receivables, the Servicer takes steps
to effect re-perfection upon receipt of notice of re-registration or information
from the obligor as to relocation. Similarly, when an obligor sells a vehicle,
the Servicer must surrender possession of the certificate of title or will
receive notice as a result of UAFC's (or UAC's or the Predecessor's) lien noted
thereon and accordingly will have an opportunity to require satisfaction of the
related Receivable before release of the lien. Under each Pooling and Servicing
Agreement, the Servicer is obligated to take appropriate steps, at its own
expense, to maintain perfection of security interests in the Financed Vehicles.
Under the laws of most states, liens for repairs performed on a motor
vehicle and liens for unpaid taxes would take priority over even a perfected
security interest in a Financed Vehicle. In some states, a perfected security
interest in a Financed Vehicle may take priority over liens for repairs.
UAC and UAFC will represent and warrant in each Purchase Agreement and
Pooling and Servicing Agreement that, as of the date of issuance of the
Certificates, each security interest in a Financed Vehicle is or will be prior
to all other present liens (other than tax liens and liens that arise by
operation of law) upon and security interests in such Financed Vehicle. However,
liens for repairs or taxes could arise at any time during the term of a
Receivable. No notice will be given to the Trustee or Certificateholders in the
event such a lien arises.
Repossession
In the event of a default by vehicle purchasers, the holder of a retail
installment sale contract or an installment loan and security agreement has all
of the remedies of a secured party under the UCC, except where specifically
limited by other state laws. The remedy employed by the Servicer in most cases
of default is self-help repossession and is accomplished simply by taking
possession of the Financed Vehicle. The self-help repossession remedy is
available under the UCC in most of the states in which Receivables have been or
will be originated as long as the repossession can be accomplished without a
breach of the peace.
In cases where the obligor objects or raises a defense to repossession, or
if otherwise required by applicable state law, a court order must be obtained
from the appropriate state court. The vehicle must then be repossessed in
accordance with that order.
Notice of Sale; Redemption Rights
In the event of default by an obligor, some jurisdictions require that the
obligor be notified of the default and be given a time period within which the
obligor may cure the default prior to repossession. Generally, this right of
reinstatement may be exercised on a limited number of occasions in any one-year
period.
The UCC and other state laws require the secured party to provide an
obligor with reasonable notice of the date, time and place of any public sale
and/or the date after which any private sale of the collateral may be held. The
obligor generally has the right to redeem the collateral prior to actual sale by
paying the secured party the unpaid principal balance of the obligation plus
reasonable expenses for repossessing, holding, and preparing the collateral for
disposition and arranging for its sale, and, to the extent provided in the
related retail installment sale contract, and, as permitted by law, reasonable
attorneys' fees.
Deficiency Judgments and Excess Proceeds
The proceeds of resale of the vehicles generally will be applied first to
the expenses of resale and repossession and then to the satisfaction of the
indebtedness. If the net proceeds from resale do not cover the full amount of
the indebtedness, a deficiency judgment may be sought. However, the deficiency
judgment would be a personal judgment against the obligor for the shortfall, and
a defaulting obligor can be expected to have very little capital or sources of
income available following repossession. Therefore, in many cases, it may not be
useful to seek a deficiency judgment or, if one is obtained, it may be settled
at a significant discount.
Occasionally, after resale of a vehicle and payment of all expenses and all
indebtedness, there is a surplus of funds. In that case, the UCC requires the
lender to remit the surplus to any holder of a lien with respect to the vehicle
or if no such lienholder exists, the UCC requires the lender to remit the
surplus to the former owner of the vehicle.
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Consumer Protection Laws
Numerous federal and state consumer protection laws and related regulations
impose substantial requirements upon lenders and servicers involved in consumer
finance. These laws include the Truth-in-Lending Act, the Equal Credit
Opportunity Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Fair Credit Billing Act,
the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, the Federal Reserve Board's Regulations B and Z,
state adaptations of the National Consumer Act and of the Uniform Consumer
Credit Code and state motor vehicle retail installment sales acts, and other
similar laws. Also, state laws impose finance charge ceilings and other
restrictions on consumer transactions and require contract disclosures in
addition to those required under federal law. Those requirements impose specific
statutory liabilities upon creditors who fail to comply with their provisions.
In some cases, this liability could affect an assignee's ability to enforce
consumer finance contracts such as the Receivables.
The so-called "Holder-in-Due-Course" Rule of the Federal Trade Commission
(the "FTC Rule"), the provisions of which are generally duplicated by the
Uniform Consumer Credit Code, other state statutes, or the common laws in
certain states, has the effect of subjecting a seller (and certain related
lenders and their assignees) in a consumer credit transaction and any assignee
of the seller to all claims and defenses that the obligor in the transaction
could assert against the seller of the goods. Liability under the FTC Rule is
limited to the amounts paid by the obligor under the contract, and the holder of
the contract may also be unable to collect any balance remaining due thereunder
from the obligor. Most of the Receivables will be subject to the requirements of
the FTC Rule. Accordingly, the Trustee, as holder of the Receivables, will be
subject to any claims or defenses that the purchaser of the related financed
vehicle may assert against the seller of the vehicle. Such claims are limited to
a maximum liability equal to the amounts paid by the Obligor on the Receivable.
Under most state motor vehicle dealer licensing laws, dealers of motor
vehicles are required to be licensed to sell motor vehicles at retail sale. In
addition, with respect to used vehicles, the Federal Trade Commission's Rule on
Sale of Used Vehicles requires that all sellers of used vehicles prepare,
complete and display a "Buyer's Guide" which explains the warranty coverage for
such vehicles. Furthermore, Federal Odometer Regulations promulgated under the
Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act requires that all sellers of used
vehicles furnish a written statement signed by the seller certifying the
accuracy of the odometer reading. If a seller is not properly licensed or if
either a Buyer's Guide or Odometer Disclosure Statement was not provided to the
purchaser of the related financed vehicle, the obligor may be able to assert a
defense against the seller of the vehicle. If an Obligor were successful in
asserting any such claim or defense, such claim or defense would constitute a
breach of UAC's representations and warranties under each Purchase Agreement and
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and would create an obligation of UAC to
repurchase the Receivable unless such breach were cured in a timely manner. See
"Description of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Sale and Assignment of
Receivables."
Courts have applied general equitable principles to secured parties
pursuing repossession or litigation involving deficiency balances. These
equitable principles may have the effect of relieving an obligor from some or
all of the legal consequences of a default.
In several cases, consumers have asserted that the self-help remedies of
secured parties under the UCC and related laws violate the due process
protections provided under the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United
States. Courts have generally upheld the notice provisions of the UCC and
related laws as reasonable or have found that the repossession and resale by the
creditor do not involve sufficient state action to afford constitutional
protection to consumers.
UAC will represent and warrant in each Purchase Agreement that each
Receivable complies with all requirements of law in all material respects.
Accordingly, if an Obligor has a claim against a Trust for violation of any law
and such claim materially and adversely affects the Trust's interest in a
Receivable, such violation would constitute a breach of UAC's representations
and warranties under the Purchase Agreement and would create an obligation of
UAC to repurchase such Receivable unless the breach were cured. See "Description
of the Transfer and Servicing Agreements -- Sale and Assignment of Receivables."
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Other Limitations
In addition to the laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency judgments,
numerous other statutory provisions, including federal bankruptcy laws and
related state laws, may interfere with or affect the ability of a lender to
realize upon collateral or enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, in a
Chapter 13 proceeding under the federal bankruptcy law, a court may prevent a
lender from repossessing an automobile, and, as part of the rehabilitation plan,
reduce the amount of the secured indebtedness to the market value of the
automobile at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the court), leaving the
party providing financing as a general unsecured creditor for the remainder of
the indebtedness. A bankruptcy court may also reduce the monthly payments due
under a contract or change the rate of interest and time of repayment of the
indebtedness.
Bankruptcy Matters
UAC and UAFC will represent and warrant to the Depositor in each Purchase
Agreement, and the Depositor will warrant to the related Trust in each Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, that the sales of the Receivables by UAC to UAFC, by
UAFC to the Depositor and by the Depositor to the Trust are valid sales of the
Receivables to UAFC, the Depositor and such Trust, respectively. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, if UAC, UAFC or the Depositor were to become a debtor in a
bankruptcy case and a creditor or trustee-in-bankruptcy of such debtor or such
debtor itself were to take the position that the sale of Receivables to UAFC,
the Depositor or the Trust should instead be treated as a pledge of such
Receivables to secure a borrowing of such debtor, delays in payments of
collections of Receivables to Certificateholders could occur or (should the
court rule in favor of any such trustee, debtor or creditor) reductions in the
amounts of such payments could result. If the transfer of Receivables to the
Trust is treated as a pledge instead of a sale, a tax or government lien on the
property of UAC, UAFC or the Depositor arising before the transfer of the
related Receivables to such Trust may have priority over such Trust's interest
in such Receivables. If the transactions contemplated herein are treated as a
sale, the Receivables would not be part of the UAC's, UAFC's or the Depositor's
bankruptcy estate and would not be available to the bankrupt entity's creditors.
The decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, Octagon
Gas System, Inc. v. Rimmer (In re Meridian Reserve, Inc.) (decided May 27,1993),
contains language to the effect that under the UCC accounts sold by a debtor
would remain property of the debtor's bankruptcy estate, whether or not the sale
of the accounts was perfected. Although the Receivables constitute chattel paper
under the UCC, rather than accounts, Article 9 of the UCC applies to the sale of
chattel paper as well as the sale of accounts, and perfection of a security
interest in both chattel paper and accounts may be accomplished by the filing of
a UCC-1 financing statement. If, following a bankruptcy of UAC, UAFC or the
Depositor, a court were to follow the reasoning of the Tenth Circuit reflected
in the above case, then the Receivables could be included in the bankruptcy
estate of UAC, UAFC or the Depositor, as applicable, and delays in payments of
collections on or in respect of the Receivables could occur. UAC and UAFC will
warrant to the Depositor in each Purchase Agreement, and the Depositor will
warrant to the Trust in each Pooling and Servicing Agreement, that the sale of
the related Receivables to the Depositor or the related Trust is a sale of such
Receivables to the Depositor and to the Trust, respectively.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following is a general summary of certain federal income tax
consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Certificates. The
summary does not purport to deal with federal income tax consequences applicable
to all categories of holders, some of which may be subject to special rules. For
example, its does not discuss the tax treatment of Certificateholders that are
insurance companies, regulated investment companies or dealers in securities.
Prospective investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors in determining
the federal, state, local, foreign and any other tax consequences to them of the
purchase, ownership and disposition of the Certificates.
The following summary is based upon current provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), the Treasury regulations
promulgated thereunder and judicial or ruling authority, all of which are
subject to change, which change may be retroactive. Each Trust will be provided
with an opinion of federal tax counsel regarding certain federal income tax
matters discussed below. Such opinions, however, are not binding on the IRS or
the courts. No ruling on any of the issues discussed below will be sought from
the IRS. For purposes of the following summary, references to the Trust, the
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Certificates and related terms, parties and documents shall be deemed to refer,
unless otherwise specified herein, to each Trust and the Certificates and the
related terms, parties and documents applicable to such Trust.
The federal income tax consequences to Certificateholders will vary
depending on whether an election is made to treat the Trust as a partnership
under the Code or whether the Trust will be treated as a grantor trust. The
Prospectus Supplement for each Series of Certificates will specify whether a
partnership election will be made or whether the Trust will be treated as a
grantor trust.
TRUSTS FOR WHICH A PARTNERSHIP ELECTION IS MADE
Tax Characterization of the Trust as a Partnership
Federal Tax Counsel will deliver its opinion that a Trust for which a
partnership election is made will not be an association (or publicly traded
partnership) taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. This
opinion will be based on the assumption that the terms of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement and related documents will be complied with, and on such
counsel's conclusions that (i) the Trust will not have certain characteristics
necessary for a business trust to be classified as an association taxable as a
corporation and (ii) the nature of the income of the Trust will exempt it from
the rule that certain publicly traded partnerships are taxable as corporations.
If a Trust were taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes,
it would be subject to corporate income tax on its taxable income. The Trust's
taxable income would include all of its income on the related Receivables, less
servicing fees and other deductible expenses. Any such corporate income tax
could materially reduce cash available to make distributions on the
Certificates, and beneficial owners of Certificates (the "Certificate Owners")
could be liable for any such tax that is unpaid by the Trust.
The IRS has publicly announced that it is considering a "check-the-box"
procedure under which partnership (as opposed to association) status may be
elected by an unincorporated entity for federal income tax purposes without
lacking some or all of the characteristics distinguishing such entities
described in clause (i) of the second preceding paragraph. The IRS has indicated
that guidance in this area will be issued publicly, but its application to any
particular Trust, particularly those formed prior to any such guidance, is
uncertain. If such guidance is issued, the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement will require that any eligible Trust must make a partnership election
thereunder. Moreover, any such Trust may be amended to remove one or more of the
distinguishing characteristics described in this paragraph. In such event, it is
not expected that there would be any material adverse effect on Certificate
Owners.
Tax Consequences to Holders of the Certificates
Treatment of the Trust as a Partnership. The Depositor and the Servicer
will agree, and the related Certificate Owners will agree by their purchase of
Certificates, to treat the Trust as a partnership for purposes of federal and
state income tax, franchise tax and any other tax measured in whole or in part
by income, with the assets of the partnership being the assets held by the
Trust, the partners of the partnership being the Certificate Owners (including
the holder of the Class IC Certificate). However, the proper characterization of
the arrangement involving the Trust, the Certificates, the Depositor and the
Servicer is not certain because there is no authority on transactions closely
comparable to that contemplated herein.
If the "check-the-box" proposal described above under "Tax Characterization
of the Trust as a Partnership" is adopted, the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement will provide that an election to treat the Trust as a partnership
shall be made thereunder.
Partnership Taxation. As a partnership, the Trust will not be subject to
federal income tax. Rather, each Certificate Owner will be required to
separately take into account such holder's allocated share of income, gains,
losses, deductions and credits of the Trust. The Trust's income will consist
primarily of interest and finance charges earned on the related Receivables
(including appropriate adjustments for market discount, original issue discount
("OID") and bond premium) and any gain upon collection or disposition of such
Receivables. The Trust's deductions will consist primarily of servicing and
other fees, and losses or deductions upon collection or disposition of
Receivables.
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The tax items of a partnership are allocable to the partners in accordance
with the Code, Treasury regulations and the partnership agreement (i.e., the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and related documents). The Pooling and
Servicing Agreement will provide, in general, that the Certificate Owners will
be allocated taxable income of the Trust for each month equal to the sum of: (i)
the interest that accrues on the Certificates in accordance with their terms for
such month, including interest accruing at the related Pass-Through Rate for
such month and interest, if any, on amounts previously due on the Certificates
but not yet distributed; (ii) any Trust income attributable to discount on the
related Receivables that corresponds to any excess of the principal amount of
the Certificates over their initial issue price; (iii) any other amounts of
income payable to the Certificate Owners for such month; and (iv) in the case of
an individual, such Certificate Owner's share of income corresponding to the
miscellaneous itemized deductions described in the next paragraph. Such
allocation will be reduced by any amortization by the Trust of premium on
Receivables that corresponds to any excess of the issue price of Certificates
over their principal amount. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, all remaining taxable income of the Trust will be allocated to the
Class IC Certificateholder. In the event the Trust issues interest-only Class I
Certificates, the amount allocated to such Certificate Owners will equal the
excess of (i) the Class I Pass-Through Rate times the Notional Principal Amount
for such month over (ii) the portion of the amount distributed with respect to
the Class I Certificates for such month that would constitute a return of basis
if the Class I Certificates constituted an instrument described in Section
860G(a)(1)(B)(ii) of the Code, applying the principles of Section 1272(a)(6) of
the Code and employing the constant yield method of accrual (utilizing the
appropriate prepayment assumption); provided, that no negative accruals shall be
permitted, and, provided further, that other deductions derived by the Trust
equal to the aggregate remaining capital account balances of the Class I
Certificate Owners will be allocated to the Class I Certificates in proportion
to the respective capital account balances immediately before the final
redemption.
An individual taxpayer's share of expenses of the Trust (including fees to
the Servicer, but not interest expense) would be miscellaneous itemized
deductions. Such deductions might be disallowed to the individual in whole or in
part and might result in such holder being taxed on an amount of income that
exceeds the amount of cash actually distributed to such holder over the life of
the Trust. Any net loss of the Trust will be allocated first to the Class IC
Certificateholder to the extent of its adjusted capital account then to the
other Certificate Owners in the priorities set forth in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement to the extent of their respective adjusted capital accounts,
and thereafter to the Class IC Certificateholder.
The Trust intends to make all calculations relating to market discount
income and amortization of premium with respect to both Simple Interest
Receivables and Precomputed Receivables on an aggregate basis rather than a
Receivable-by-Receivable basis. If the IRS were to require that such
calculations be made separately for each Receivable, the Trust might be required
to incur additional expense, but it is believed that there would not be a
material adverse effect on Certificate Owners.
Discount and Premium. Except as otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, it is believed that the Receivables were not issued with
OID, and, therefore, the Trust should not have OID income. However, the purchase
price paid by the Trust for the related Receivables may be greater or less than
the remaining principal balance of the Receivables at the time of purchase. If
so, the Receivables will have been acquired at a premium or discount, as the
case may be. (As indicated above, the Trust will make this calculation on an
aggregate basis, but might be required to recompute it on a
Receivable-by-Receivable basis.)
If the Trust acquires the related Receivables at a market discount or
premium, it will elect to include any such discount in income currently as it
accrues over the life of such Receivables or to offset any such premium against
interest income on such Receivables. As indicated above, a portion of such
market discount income or premium deduction may be allocated to Certificate
Owners.
Section 708 Termination. Under Section 708 of the Code, the Trust will be
deemed to terminate for federal income tax purposes if 50% or more of the
capital and profits interests in the Trust are sold or exchanged within a
12-month period. If such a termination occurs, the Trust will be considered to
distribute its assets to the partners, who would then be treated as
recontributing those assets to the Trust, as a new partnership. The Trust will
not comply with certain technical requirements that might apply when such a
constructive termination occurs. As a result, the Trust may be subject to
certain tax penalties and may incur additional expenses if it is required to
comply with those requirements. Furthermore, the Trust might not be able to
comply due to lack of data.
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Disposition of Certificates. Generally, capital gain or loss will be
recognized on a sale of Certificates in an amount equal to the difference
between the amount realized and the seller's tax basis in the Certificates sold.
A Certificate Owner's tax basis in a Certificate will generally equal the
holder's cost increased by the holder's share of Trust income (includible in
income) and decreased by any distributions received with respect to such
Certificate. In addition, both the tax basis in the Certificates and the amount
realized on a sale of a Certificate would include the holder's share of the
liabilities of the Trust. A holder acquiring Certificates at different prices
may be required to maintain a single aggregate adjusted tax basis in such
Certificates and, upon sale or other disposition of some of the Certificates, to
allocate a portion of such aggregate tax basis to the Certificates sold (rather
than maintaining a separate tax basis in each Certificate for purposes of
computing gain or loss on a sale of that Certificate).
Any gain on the sale of a Certificate attributable to the holder's share of
unrecognized accrued market discount on the related Receivables would generally
be treated as ordinary income to the holder and would give rise to special tax
reporting requirements. The Trust does not expect to have any other assets that
would give rise to such special reporting requirements. Thus, to avoid those
special reporting requirements, the Trust will elect to include market discount
in income as it accrues.
If a Certificate Owner is required to recognize an aggregate amount of
income (not including income attributable to disallowed itemized deductions
described above) over the life of the Certificates that exceeds the aggregate
cash distributions with respect thereto, such excess will generally give rise to
a capital loss upon the retirement of the Certificates.
Allocations Between Transferors and Transferees. In general, the Trust's
taxable income and losses will be determined monthly and the tax items for a
particular calendar month will be apportioned among the Certificate Owners in
proportion to the principal amount of Certificates (or notional principal
amount, in the case of any interest only Certificates) owned by them as of the
close of the last day of such month. As a result, a holder purchasing
Certificates may be allocated tax items (which will affect its tax liability and
tax basis) attributable to periods before the actual transaction.
The use of such a monthly convention may not be permitted by existing
regulations. If a monthly convention is not allowed (or only applies to
transfers of less than all of the partner's interest), taxable income or losses
of the Trust might be reallocated among the Certificate Owners. The Class IC
Certificateholder, acting as tax matters partner for the Trust, will be
authorized to revise the Trust's method of allocation between transferors and
transferees to conform to a method permitted by future regulations.
Section 754 Election. In the event that a Certificate Owner sells its
Certificates at a profit (loss), the purchasing Certificate Owner will have a
higher (lower) basis in the Certificates than the selling Certificate Owner had.
The tax basis of the Trust's assets will not be adjusted to reflect that higher
(or lower) basis unless the Trust were to file an election under Section 754 of
the Code. In order to avoid the administrative complexities that would be
involved in keeping accurate accounting records, as well as potentially onerous
information reporting requirements, the Trust will not make such election. As a
result, Certificate Owners might be allocated a greater or lesser amount of
Trust income than would be appropriate based on their own purchase price for
Certificates.
Administrative Matters. The Trustee is required to keep or have kept
complete and accurate books of the Trust. Such books will be maintained for
financial reporting and tax purposes on an accrual basis, and the fiscal year of
the Trust is expected to be the calendar year. The Trustee will file a
partnership information return (IRS Form 1065) with the IRS for each taxable
year of the Trust and will report each Certificate Owner's allocable share of
items of Trust income and expense to holders and the IRS on Schedule K-1. The
Trust will provide the Schedule K-l information to nominees that fail to provide
the Trust with the information statement described below and such nominees will
be required to forward such information to the beneficial owners of the
Certificates. Generally, holders must file tax returns that are consistent with
the information return filed by the Trust or be subject to penalties unless the
holder notifies the IRS of all such inconsistencies.
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Under Section 6031 of the Code, any person that holds Certificates as a
nominee at any time during a calendar year is required to furnish the Trust with
a statement containing certain information on the nominee, the beneficial owners
and the Certificates so held. Such information includes (i) the name, address
and taxpayer identification number of the nominee and (ii) as to each beneficial
owner (a) the name, address and identification number of such person, (b)
whether such person is a United States person, a tax-exempt entity or a foreign
government, an international organization, or any wholly owned agency or
instrumentality of either of the foregoing, and (c) certain information on
Certificates that were held, bought or sold on behalf of such person throughout
the year. In addition, brokers and financial institutions that hold Certificates
through a nominee are required to furnish directly to the Trust information as
to themselves and their ownership of Certificates. A clearing agency registered
under Section 17A of the Exchange Act is not required to furnish any such
information statement to the Trust. The information referred to above for any
calendar year must be furnished to the Trust on or before the following January
31. Nominees, brokers and financial institutions that fail to provide the Trust
with the information described above may be subject to penalties.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Class
IC Certificateholder will be designated as the tax matters partner for each
Trust in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement and, as such, will be
responsible for representing the Certificate Owners in any dispute with the IRS.
The Code provides for administrative examination of a partnership as if the
partnership were a separate and distinct taxpayer. Generally, the statute of
limitations for partnership items does not expire before three years after the
date on which the partnership information return is filed. Any adverse
determination following an audit of the return of the Trust by the appropriate
taxing authorities could result in an adjustment of the returns of the
Certificate Owners, and, under certain circumstances, a Certificate Owner may be
precluded from separately litigating a proposed adjustment to the items of the
Trust. An adjustment could also result in an audit of a Certificate Owner's
returns and adjustments of items not related to the income and losses of the
Trust.
Tax Consequences to Foreign Certificate Owners. It is not clear whether the
Trust would be considered to be engaged in a trade or business in the United
States for purposes of federal withholding taxes with respect to non-U.S.
persons because there is no clear authority dealing with that issue under facts
substantially similar to those described herein. Although it is not expected
that the Trust would be engaged in a trade or business in the United States for
such purposes, the Trust will withhold as if it were so engaged in order to
protect the Trust from possible adverse consequences of a failure to withhold.
The Trust expects to withhold on the portion of its taxable income that is
allocable to foreign Certificate Owners pursuant to Section 1446 of the Code, as
if such income were effectively connected to a U.S. trade or business, at a rate
of 35% for foreign holders that are taxable as corporations and 39.6% for all
other foreign holders. Subsequent adoption of Treasury regulations or the
issuance of other administrative pronouncements may require the Trust to change
its withholding procedures. In determining a holder's withholding status, the
Trust may rely on IRS Form W-8, IRS Form W-9 or the holder's certification of
nonforeign status signed under penalties of perjury.
Each foreign holder might be required to file a U.S. individual or
corporate income tax return (including, in the case of a corporation, the branch
profits tax) on its share of the Trust's income. Each foreign holder must obtain
a taxpayer identification number from the IRS and submit that number to the
Trust on Form W-8 in order to assure appropriate crediting of the taxes
withheld. A foreign holder generally would be entitled to file with the IRS a
claim for refund with respect to taxes withheld by the Trust, taking the
position that no taxes were due because the Trust was not engaged in a U.S.
trade or business. However, interest payments made (or accrued) to a Certificate
Owner who is a foreign person generally will be considered guaranteed payments
to the extent such payments are determined without regard to the income of the
Trust. If these interest payments are properly characterized as guaranteed
payments, then the interest will not be considered "portfolio interest". As a
result, Certificate Owners will be subject to United States federal income tax
and withholding tax at a rate of 30 percent, unless reduced or eliminated
pursuant to an applicable treaty. In such case, a foreign holder would only be
entitled to claim a refund for that portion of the taxes in excess of the taxes
that should be withheld with respect to the guaranteed payments.
Backup Withholding. Distributions made on the Certificates and proceeds
from the sale of the Certificates will be subject to a "backup" withholding tax
of 31% if, in general, the Certificate Owner fails to comply with certain
identification procedures, unless the holder is an exempt recipient under
applicable provisions of the Code.
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TRUSTS TREATED AS GRANTOR TRUSTS
Tax Characterization of Grantor Trusts
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, Federal Tax Counsel
will deliver its opinion that the Trust will not be classified as an association
taxable as a corporation and that such Trust will be classified as a grantor
trust under subpart E, Part I of subchapter J of the Code. In this case,
beneficial owners of Certificates (referred to herein as "Grantor Trust
Certificateholders") will be treated for federal income tax purposes as owners
of a portion of the Trust's assets as described below. The Certificates issued
by a Trust that is treated as a grantor trust are referred to herein as "Grantor
Trust Certificates".
Characterization. Each Grantor Trust Certificateholder will be treated as
the owner of a pro rata undivided interest in the interest and principal
portions of the Trust represented by the Grantor Trust Certificates and will be
considered the equitable owner of a pro rata undivided interest in each of the
Receivables in the Trust. Any amounts received by a Grantor Trust
Certificateholder in lieu of amounts due with respect to any Receivable because
of a default or delinquency in payment will be treated for federal income tax
purposes as having the same character as the payments they replace.
Each Grantor Trust Certificateholder will be required to report on its
federal income tax return in accordance with such Grantor Trust
Certificateholder's method of accounting its pro rata share of the entire income
from the Receivables in the Trust represented by Grantor Trust Certificates,
including interest, OID, if any, prepayment fees, assumption fees, any gain
recognized upon an assumption and late payment charges received by the Servicer.
Under Code Sections 162 or 212, each Grantor Trust Certificateholder will be
entitled to deduct its pro rata share of servicing fees, prepayment fees,
assumption fees and late payment charges retained by the Servicer, provided that
such amounts are reasonable compensation for services rendered to the Trust.
Grantor Trust Certificateholders that are individuals, estates or trusts will be
entitled to deduct their share of expenses only to the extent such expenses plus
all other Section 212 expenses exceed two percent of their respective adjusted
gross incomes. A Grantor Trust Certificateholder using the cash method of
accounting must take into account its pro rata share of income and deductions as
and when collected by or paid to the Servicer. A Grantor Trust Certificateholder
using an accrual method of accounting must take into account its pro rata share
of income and deductions as they become due or are paid to the Servicer,
whichever is earlier. If the servicing fees paid to the Servicer are deemed to
exceed reasonable servicing compensation, the amount of such excess could be
considered as an ownership interest retained by the Servicer (or any person to
whom the Servicer assigned for value all or a portion of the servicing fees) in
a portion of the interest payments on the Receivables. The Receivables would
then be subject to the "coupon stripping" rules of the Code discussed below.
Stripped Bonds and Stripped Coupons
Although the tax treatment of stripped bonds is not entirely clear, based
on recent guidance by the IRS, it appears that each purchaser of a Grantor Trust
Certificate will be treated as the purchaser of a stripped bond which generally
should be treated as a single debt instrument issued on the day it is purchased
for purposes of calculating any original issue discount. Generally, under
recently issued Treasury regulations (the "Section 1286 Treasury Regulations"),
if the discount on a stripped bond is larger than a de minimis amount (as
calculated for purposes of the OID rules of the Code) such stripped bond will be
considered to have been issued with OID. For these purposes, OID is the excess
of the "stated redemption price at maturity" (generally, principal and any
interest which is not "qualified stated interest") of a debt instrument over its
issue price. See "-- Original Issue Discount" below. Based on the preamble to
the Section 1286 Treasury Regulations, Federal Tax Counsel is of the opinion
that, although the matter is not entirely clear, the interest income on the
Certificates at the sum of the Pass-Through Rate and the portion of the
Servicing Fee Rate that does not constitute excess servicing will be treated as
"qualified stated interest" within the meaning of the Section 1286 Treasury
Regulations and such income will be so treated in the Trustee's tax information
reporting. It is possible that the treatment described in this paragraph will
apply only to that portion of the Receivables in a particular trust as to which
there is "excess servicing" and that the remainder of such Receivables will not
be treated as stripped bonds, but as undivided interests as described above.
Unless indicated otherwise in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, it is not
anticipated that Grantor Trust Certificates will be issued with greater than de
minimis OID.
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Original Issue Discount. The rules of the Code relating to OID (currently
Sections 1271 though 1273 and 1275) will be applicable to a person comparable to
a Grantor Trust Certificateholder that acquires an undivided interest in a
stripped bond issued or acquired with OID, and such person must include in gross
income the sum of the "daily portions," as defined below, of the OID on such
stripped bond for each day on which it owns a Certificate, including the date of
purchase but excluding the date of disposition. It is not clear whether such OID
will be determined under Code Section 1272(a)(6), applicable to debt instruments
whose payments may be accelerated by prepayments on underlying obligations.
Unless indicated otherwise in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, it is
anticipated that such approach will be used, with OID accruals based on a
constant interest method and a prepayment assumption indicated in such
Prospectus Supplement. In the case of an original Grantor Trust
Certificateholder, the daily portions of OID generally would be determined as
follows. A calculation will be made of the portion of OID that accrues on the
stripped bond during each successive monthly accrual period (or shorter period
in respect of the date of original issue or the final Distribution Date). This
will be done, in the case of each full monthly accrual period, by adding (i) the
present value of all remaining payments to be received on the stripped bond
under the prepayment assumption used in respect of the Grantor Trust
Certificates and (ii) any payments received during such accrual period, and
subtracting from the total the "adjusted issue price" of the stripped bond at
the beginning of such accrual period. No representation is made that the Grantor
Trust Certificates will prepay at any prepayment assumption. The "adjusted issue
price" of a stripped bond at the beginning of the first accrual period is its
issue price (as determined for purposes of the OID rules of the Code) and the
"adjusted issue price" of a stripped bond at the beginning of a subsequent
accrual period is the "adjusted issue price" at the beginning of the immediately
preceding accrual period plus the amount of OID allocable to that accrual period
and reduced by the amount of any payment (other than "qualified stated
interest") made at the end of or during that accrual period. The OID accruing
during such accrual period will then be divided by the number of days in the
period to determine the daily portion of OID for each day in the period. A
subsequent Grantor Trust Certificateholder will be required to adjust its OID
accrual to reflect its purchase price, the remaining period to maturity and,
possibly, a new prepayment assumption. The Servicer will report to all Grantor
Trust Certificateholders as if they were original holders.
With respect to the Receivables, the method of calculating OID as described
above will cause the accrual of OID to either increase or decrease (but never
below zero) in any given accrual period to reflect the fact that prepayments are
occurring at a faster or slower rate than the prepayment assumption used in
respect of the Receivables. Subsequent purchasers that purchase Grantor Trust
Certificates at more than a de minimis discount should consult their tax
advisors with respect to the proper method to accrue such OID.
Market Discount. A Grantor Trust Certificateholder that acquires an
undivided interest in Receivables may be subject to the market discount rules of
Sections 1276 though 1278 to the extent an undivided interest in a Receivable or
stripped bond is considered to have been purchased at a "market discount".
Generally, the amount of market discount is equal to the excess of the portion
of the principal amount of such Receivable or stripped bond allocable to such
holder's undivided interest over such holder's tax basis in such interest.
Market discount with respect to a Grantor Trust Certificate will be considered
will be considered to be zero if the amount allocable to the Grantor Trust
Certificate is less than 0.25% of the Grantor Trust Certificate's stated
redemption price at maturity multiplied by the weighted average maturity
remaining after the date of purchase. Treasury regulations implementing the
market discount rules have not yet been issued; therefore, investors should
consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of these rules and the
advisability of making any of the elections allowed under Code Section 1276 and
1278.
The Code provides that any principal payment (whether a scheduled payment
or a prepayment) or any gain or disposition of a market discount bond shall be
treated as ordinary income to the extent that it does not exceed the accrued
market discount at the time of such payment. The amount of accrued market
discount for purposes of determining the tax treatment of subsequent principal
payments or dispositions of the market discount bond is to be reduced by the
amount so treated as ordinary income.
The Code also grants the Treasury Department authority to issue regulations
providing for the computation of accrued market discount on debt instruments,
the principal of which is payable in more than one installment. While the
Treasury Department has not yet issued regulations, rules described in the
relevant legislative history will apply. Under those rules, the holder of a
market discount bond may elect to accrue market discount either on the basis of
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a constant interest rate or according to one of the following methods. If a
Grantor Trust Certificate is issued with OID, the amount of market discount that
accrues during any accrual period would be equal to the product of (i) the total
remaining market discount and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the OID
accruing during the period and the denominator of which is the total remaining
OID at the beginning of the accrual period. For Grantor Trust Certificates
issued without OID, the amount of market discount that accrues during a period
is equal to the product of (i) the total remaining market discount and (ii) a
fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of stated interest paid during
the accrual period and the denominator of which is the total amount of stated
interest remaining to be paid at the beginning of the accrual period. For
purposes of calculating market discount under any of the above methods in the
case of instruments (such as the Grantor Trust Certificates) that provide for
payments that may be accelerated by reason of prepayments of other obligations
securing such instruments, the same prepayment assumption applicable to
calculating the accrual of OID will apply. Because the regulations described
above have not been issued, it is impossible to predict what effect those
regulations might have on the tax treatment of a Grantor Trust Certificate
purchased at a discount or premium in the secondary market.
A holder who acquired a Grantor Trust Certificate at a market discount also
may be required to defer a portion of its interest deductions for the taxable
year attributable to any indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry
such Grantor Trust Certificate purchased with market discount. For these
purposes, the de minimis rule referred to above applies. Any such deferred
interest expense would not exceed the market discount that accrues during such
taxable year and is, in general, allowed as a deduction not later than the year
in which such market discount is includible in income. If such holder elects to
include market discount in income currently as it accrues on all market discount
instruments acquired by such holder in that taxable year or thereafter, the
interest deferral rule described above will not apply.
Premium. To the extent a Grantor Trust Certificateholder is considered to
have purchased an undivided interest in a Receivable or stripped bond for an
amount that is greater than its stated redemption price at maturity of such
Receivable or stripped bond, such Grantor Trust Certificateholder will be
considered to have purchased the Receivable with "amortizable bond premium"
equal in amount to such excess. A Grantor Trust Certificateholder (who does not
hold the Certificate for sale to customers or in inventory) may elect under
Section 171 of the Code to amortize such premium. Under the Code, premium is
allocated among the interest payments on the Receivables or stripped bonds to
which it relates and is considered as an offset against (and thus a reduction
of) such interest payments. With certain exceptions, such an election would
apply to all debt instruments held or subsequently acquired by the electing
holder. Absent such an election, the premium will be deductible as an ordinary
loss only upon disposition of the Certificate or pro rata as principal is paid
on the Receivables or stripped bonds.
Election to Treat All Interest as OID. The OID regulations permit a Grantor
Trust Certificateholder to elect to accrue all interest, discount (including de
minimis market discount or original issue discount) and premium in income as
interest, based on a constant yield method. If such an election were to be made
with respect to a Grantor Trust Certificate with market discount, the
Certificate Owner would be deemed to have made an election to include in income
currently market discount with respect to all other debt instruments having
market discount that such Grantor Trust Certificateholder acquires during the
year of the election or thereafter. Similarly, a Grantor Trust Certificateholder
that makes this election for a Grantor Trust Certificate that is acquired at a
premium will be deemed to have made an election to amortize bond premium with
respect to all debt instruments having amortizable bond premium that such
Grantor Trust Certificateholder owns or acquires. See "-- Premium" herein. The
election to accrue interest, discount and premium on a constant yield method
with respect to a Grantor Trust Certificate is irrevocable.
Sale or Exchange of a Grantor Trust Certificate. Sale or exchange of a
Grantor Trust Certificate prior to its maturity will result in gain or loss
equal to the difference, if any, between the amount received and the owner's
adjusted basis in the Grantor Trust Certificate. Such adjusted basis generally
will equal the seller's purchase price for the Grantor Trust Certificate,
increased by the OID and any market discount included in the seller's gross
income with respect to the Grantor Trust Certificate, and reduced by any market
premium amortized by the Depositor and by principal payments on the Grantor
Trust Certificate previously received by the seller. Such gain or loss will be
capital gain or loss to an owner for which a Grantor Trust Certificate is a
"capital asset" within the meaning of Section 1221 (except in the case of gain
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attributable to accrued market discount, as noted above under "--Market
Discount"), and will be long-term or short-term depending on whether the Grantor
Trust Certificate has been owned for the long-term capital gain holding period
(currently more than one year).
Grantor Trust Certificates will be "evidences of indebtedness" within the
meaning of Section 582(c)(1), so that gain or loss recognized from the sale of a
Grantor Trust Certificate by a bank or a thrift institution to which such
section applies will be treated as ordinary income or loss.
Non-U.S. Persons. Interest or OID paid to non-U.S. Owners of Grantor Trust
Certificates will be treated as "portfolio interest" for purposes of United
States withholding tax. Such interest (including OID, if any) attributable to
the underlying Receivables will not be subject to the normal 30% (or such lower
rate provided for by an applicable tax treaty) withholding tax imposed on such
amounts provided that (i) the Non-U.S. Certificate Owner is not a "10%
shareholder" (within the definition of Section 871(h)(3)) of any obligor on the
Receivables; and is not a controlled foreign corporation (within the definition
of Section 957) related to any Obligor on the Receivables and (ii) such
Certificate Owner fulfills certain certification requirements. Under these
requirements, the Certificate Owner must certify, under penalty of perjury, that
it is not a "United States person" and must provide its name and address. For
this purpose "United States person" means a citizen or resident of the United
States, a corporation, partnership other entity created or organized in or under
the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof, or an estate
or trust the income of which is includible in gross income for United States
federal income tax purposes, without regard to its source. If, however, such
interest or gain is effectively connected to the conduct of a trade or business
within the United States by such Certificate Owner, such owner will be subject
to United States federal income tax thereon at graduated rates. Potential
investors who are not United States persons should consult their own tax
advisors regarding the specific tax consequences of owning a Certificate.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. The Servicer will furnish or
make available, within a reasonable time after the end of each calendar year, to
each person who was a Grantor Trust Certificateholder at any time during such
year, such information as may be deemed necessary or desirable to assist Grantor
Trust Certificateholders in preparing their federal income tax returns, or to
enable holders to make such information available to beneficial owners or
financial intermediaries that hold Grantor Trust Certificates as nominees on
behalf of beneficial owners. If a holder, beneficial owner, financial
intermediary or other recipient of a payment on behalf of a beneficial owner
fails to supply a certified taxpayer identification number or if the Secretary
of the Treasury determines that such person has not reported all interest and
dividend income required to be shown on its federal income tax return, 31%
backup withholding may be required with respect to any payments. Any amounts
deducted and withheld from a distribution to a recipient would be allowed as a
credit against such recipient's federal income tax liability.
***
THE FEDERAL TAX DISCUSSIONS SET FORTH ABOVE ARE INCLUDED FOR GENERAL
INFORMATION ONLY AND MAY NOT BE APPLICABLE DEPENDING UPON A CERTIFICATEHOLDER'S
PARTICULAR TAX SITUATION. PROSPECTIVE PURCHASERS OF CERTIFICATES SHOULD CONSULT
THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE PURCHASE,
OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF CERTIFICATES, INCLUDING THE TAX CONSEQUENCES UNDER
STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN AND OTHER TAX LAWS AND THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF CHANGES
IN FEDERAL OR OTHER TAX LAWS.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Section 406 of ERISA, and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit a pension,
profit sharing or other employee benefit plan, as well as individual retirement
accounts and certain types of Keogh Plans (each, a "Plan"), from engaging in
certain transactions involving "plan assets" with persons that are "parties in
interest" under ERISA or "disqualified persons" under the Code with respect to
the Plan. ERISA also imposes certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries of
Plans subject to ERISA and prohibits certain transactions between a Plan and
parties in interest with respect to such Plans. Under ERISA, any person who
exercises any authority or control with respect to the management or disposition
of the assets of a Plan is considered to be a fiduciary of such Plan (subject to
certain exceptions not here relevant). A violation of these "prohibited
transaction" rules may generate excise tax and other liabilities under ERISA and
the Code for such persons.
41
<PAGE>
Certain transactions involving a Trust might be deemed to constitute
prohibited transactions under ERISA and the Code with respect to a Benefit Plan
that purchased Certificates if assets of the Trust were deemed to be assets of
the Benefit Plan. Under a regulation issued by the United Sates Department of
Labor (the "Plan Assets Regulations"), the assets of a Trust would be treated as
plan assets of a Benefit Plan for the purposes of ERISA and the Code only if the
Benefit Plan acquired an "equity interest" in the Trust and none of the
exceptions contained in the Plan Assets Regulation was applicable. An equity
interest is defined under the Plan Assets Regulation as an interest other than
an instrument that is treated as indebtedness under applicable local law and
which has no substantial equity features. The likely treatment in this context
of Certificates of a given Series will be discussed in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Employee benefit plans that are governmental plans (as defined in Section
3(32) of ERISA) and certain church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA)
are not subject to ERISA requirements.
A plan fiduciary considering the purchase of Certificates of a given Series
should consult its tax and/or legal advisors regarding whether the assets of the
related Trust would be considered plan assets, the possibility of exemptive
relief from the prohibited transaction rules and other issues and their
potential consequences.
The U.S. Department of Labor has granted to the underwriter (or in the case
of series offered by more than one underwriter, the lead underwriter) named in
each Prospectus Supplement an exemption (the "Exemption") from certain of the
prohibited transaction rules of ERISA with respect to the initial purchase, the
holding and the subsequent resale by Benefit Plans of certificates representing
interests in asset-backed pass-through trusts that consist of certain
receivables, loans and other obligations that meet the conditions and
requirements of the Exemption. The receivables covered by the Exemption include
motor vehicle installment sales contracts such as the Receivables. The Exemption
will apply to the acquisition, holding and resale of nonsubordinated
Certificates (referred to herein as "Senior Certificates") by a Plan, provided
that certain conditions (certain of which are described below) are met.
Among the conditions that must be satisfied for the Exemption to apply to
the Senior Certificates are the following:
(1) The Trust is considered to consist solely of obligations which
bear interest or are purchased at a discount and which are secured by motor
vehicles or equipment, or "qualified motor vehicle leases" (as defined in
the Exemption), property that had secured such obligations or qualified
motor vehicle leases, cash or temporary investments maturing no later than
the next date on which distributions are to be made to the Senior
Certificate Owners, and rights of the Trustee under the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement and under credit support arrangements with respect to
such obligations or qualified motor vehicle leases.
(2) The acquisition of the Senior Certificates by a Plan is on terms
(including the price for the Senior Certificates) that are at least as
favorable to the Plan as they would be in an arm's length transaction with
an unrelated party;
(3) The rights and interests evidenced by the Senior Certificates
acquired by the Plan are not subordinated to the rights and interests
evidenced by other certificates of the Trust;
(4) The Senior Certificates acquired by the Plan have received a
rating at the time of such acquisition that is in one of the three highest
generic rating categories from either Standard & Poor's Ratings Group,
Moody's Investors Service, Inc., Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co. or Fitch
Investors Service, L.P.;
(5) The related Trustee is not an affiliate of any other member of the
Restricted Group (as defined below);
(6) The sum of all payments made to the underwriters in connection
with the distribution of the Senior Certificates represents not more than
reasonable compensation for underwriting the Senior Certificates; the sum
of all payments made to and retained by the Depositor pursuant to the sale
of the Contracts to the related Trust represents not more than the fair
market value of such Contracts; and the sum of all payments made to and
retained by the Servicer represents not more than reasonable compensation
for the Servicer's services under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement and reimbursement of the Servicer's reasonable expenses in
connection therewith; and
42
<PAGE>
(7) The Plan investing in the Senior Certificates is an "accredited
investor" as defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D of the Commission
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Moreover, the Exemption would provide relief from certain
self-dealing/conflict of interest or prohibited transactions only if, among
other requirements, (i) in the case of the acquisition of Senior Certificates in
connection with the initial issuance, at least fifty percent of the Senior
Certificates are acquired by persons independent of the Restricted Group (as
defined below), (ii) the Benefit Plan's investment in Senior Certificates does
not exceed twenty-five percent of all of the Senior Certificates outstanding at
the time of the acquisition and (ii) immediately after the acquisition, no more
than twenty-five percent of the assets of the benefit Plan are invested in
certificates representing an interest in one or more trusts containing assets
sold or serviced by the same entity. The Exemption does not apply to Plans
sponsored by the Depositor, any underwriter, the related Trustee, the Servicer,
any obligor with respect to Contracts included in the related Trust constituting
more than five percent of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the
assets in the Trust, or any affiliate of such parties (the "Restricted Group").
As mentioned above, whether or not the Exemption will apply to the purchase
and holding of Senior Certificates by Plans will depend on, among other things,
whether the Trust consists solely of permitted assets. The Exemption provides
that a Trust may include, among other assets, undistributed cash or temporary
investments made therewith maturing no later than the next date on which
distributions are to be made to certificateholders. There can be no assurance
that the cash or Eligible Investments in the Cash Collateral Account and the
Yield Supplement Account or the cash or Eligible Investments in the Pre-Funding
Account or Pre-Funding Reserve Account held by the Trust would meet this
definition, and not render the Exemption inapplicable. In view of the foregoing,
any Plan fiduciary who proposes to cause a Plan to purchase Senior Certificates
should consult with its own counsel with respect to the applicability of the
Exemption and should determine whether all of the conditions of the Exemption
have been satisfied.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
On the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting agreement with
respect to a given Series (the "Underwriting Agreement"), the Depositor will
agree to cause the related Trust to sell to the underwriters named therein and
in the related Prospectus Supplement, and each of such underwriters will
severally agree to purchase, the principal amount of each class of Certificates
of the related Series set forth therein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
In each Underwriting Agreement, the several underwriters will agree,
subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, to purchase all of the
Certificates described therein that are offered hereby and by the related
Prospectus Supplement if any of such Certificates are purchased.
Each Prospectus Supplement will either (i) set forth the price at which
each class of Certificates being offered thereby will be offered to the public
and any concessions that may be offered to certain dealers participating in the
offering of such Certificates or (ii) specify that the related Certificates are
to be resold by the underwriters in negotiated transactions at varying prices to
be determined at the time of such sale. After the initial public offering of any
such Certificates, such public offering prices and such concessions may be
changed.
Each Underwriting Agreement will provide that UAC and the Depositor will
indemnify the related underwriters against certain civil liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribute to payments the several
underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.
Each Trust may, from time to time, invest the funds in the related Accounts
in Eligible Investments acquired from such underwriters.
Pursuant to each Underwriting Agreement, the closing of the sale of any
class of Certificates subject thereto will be conditioned on the closing of the
sale of all other classes of Certificates of such Series.
The place and time of delivery for the Certificates in respect of which
this Prospectus is delivered will be set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
43
<PAGE>
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters relating to the Certificates of any Series will be
passed upon for the related Trust, the Depositor and the Servicer by Barnes &
Thornburg, Indianapolis, Indiana, and for the underwriters by Cadwalader,
Wickersham & Taft, New York, New York or such other firm as shall be identified
in the related Prospectus Supplement. Certain federal income tax and other
matters will be passed upon for each Trust by Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft,
Barnes & Thornburg or such other firm as shall be identified in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
INDEX OF PRINCIPAL TERMS
Set forth below is a list of certain of the more significant terms used in
this Prospectus and the pages on which the definitions of such terms may be
found herein.
TERM PAGE
Actuarial Receivables.................................................... 17
Advance ............................................................... 7
Approved Rating.......................................................... 24
Cash Collateral Account.................................................. 26
Cede ................................................................... 13
Certificate Account .................................................... 23
Certificate Balance ................................................... 5
Certificate Owners .....................................................19, 34
Certificate Pool Factor ................................................ 17
Certificateholders ................................................... 14
Certificates .......................................................... 1
Class Certificate Balance ............................................. 3
Closing Date ........................................................... 5
Code ................................................................... 34
Collection Period ...................................................... 7
Commission ............................................................ 2
Contracts................................................................ 5
Contract Rate............................................................ 8
Cutoff Date ........................................................... 4
Dealers ............................................................... 5
Definitive Certificates ................................................ 20
Depositor................................................................ 3
Distribution Date ...................................................... 18
DTC .................................................................... 13
Eligible Deposit Account .............................................. 24
Eligible Institution .................................................. 24
Eligible Investments ................................................... 23
ERISA .................................................................. 10
Events of Default ...................................................... 28
Exchange Act............................................................. 2
Exemption................................................................ 42
Federal Tax Counsel...................................................... 9
Final Scheduled Distribution Date........................................ 24
Final Scheduled Maturity Date ......................................... 8
Financed Vehicles ...................................................... 4
FTC Rule ............................................................... 32
Funding Period ........................................................ 6
Grantor Trust Certificates ............................................. 38
Grantor Trust Certificateholder.......................................... 38
Indirect Participants ................................................. 19
Insolvency Event ....................................................... 29
44
<PAGE>
Insolvency Laws.......................................................... 18
Investment Earnings .................................................... 28
Investment Income........................................................ 23
Investment Shortfall..................................................... 7
IRS .................................................................... 38
Obligor ............................................................... 8
OID ................................................................... 34
Participants .......................................................... 19
Pass-Through Rate .................................................... 3
Payaheads................................................................ 16
Payahead Account ...................................................... 23
Plan ................................................................... 41
Plan Asset Regulation.................................................... 42
Pooling and Servicing Agreement ....................................... 3
Pool Balance............................................................. 8
Precomputed Receivables ............................................... 16
Predecessor.............................................................. 5
Pre-Funded Amount .................................................... 5
Pre-Funding Account .................................................. 5,23
Prospectus Supplement ................................................. 1
Purchase Agreement....................................................... 5
Purchase Amount ........................................................ 22
Rating Agencies ....................................................... 9
Receivables .......................................................... 1, 4
Receivables Pool ....................................................... 13
Registration Statement ................................................ 2
Restricted Group......................................................... 43
Rules ................................................................. 19
Rule of 78's Receivables................................................. 16
Senior Certificates ..................................................... 42
Series ................................................................ 1
Servicer .............................................................. 3
Servicer Default ....................................................... 32
Servicing Fee ......................................................... 25
Servicing Fee Rate ..................................................... 25
Short-Term Note ........................................................ 40
Simple Interest Receivables ............................................ 15
Strip Certificates .................................................... 3
Subsequent Receivables ............................................... 6
Subsequent Transfer Date ................................................ 10
Transfer and Servicing Agreements ....................................... 21
Trust ................................................................ 1
Trust Accounts ........................................................ 23
Trustee .............................................................. 3
UAFC..................................................................... 5
UCC ................................................................... 19
Underwriting Agreement ................................................. 43
45
<PAGE>
(BACK COVER LEFT COLUMN)
No dealer, salesman, or any other person has been authorized to give any
information or to make any representations other than those contained in this
Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus in connection with the offer contained
herein, and, if given or made, such information or representations must not be
relied upon as having been authorized by the Depositor, the Servicer or the
Underwriters. This Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus do not constitute an
offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities offered
hereby in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such
offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. The delivery of this Prospectus
Supplement and the Prospectus at any time does not imply that the information
herein or therein is correct as of any time subsequent to the date hereof.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Prospectus Supplement
Reports to Certificateholders............................................ S-2
Summary of Terms......................................................... S-3
Risk Factors ............................................................ S-10
Formation of the Trust ................................................. S-11
The Receivables Pool..................................................... S-12
Yield and Prepayment Considerations...................................... S-16
The Depositor and UAC .................................................. S-17
The Surety Bond Issuer................................................... S-17
The Offered Certificates ............................................... S-18
ERISA Considerations..................................................... S-28
Underwriting............................................................. S-28
Legal Opinions........................................................... S-29
Experts.................................................................. S-29
Index of Principal Terms ................................................ S-29
Financial Statements of the
Surety Bond Issuer.................................................... F-1
Prospectus
Available Information ................................................ 2
Incorporation of Certain Documents
by Reference.......................................................... 2
Summary of Terms......................................................... 3
Risk Factors............................................................. 10
The Trusts............................................................... 13
The Receivables Pools.................................................... 14
Weighted Average Life of the Certificates................................ 16
Pool Factors and Other
Certificate Information............................................... 17
Use of Proceeds.......................................................... 17
Union Acceptance Corporation and Affiliates.... ......................... 17
Description of the Certificates.......................................... 18
Description of the Transfer
and Servicing Agreements.............................................. 21
Certain Legal Aspects of the Receivables................................. 29
Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences.................................. 33
ERISA Considerations..................................................... 41
Plan of Distribution..................................................... 43
Legal Matters............................................................ 43
Index of Principal Terms................................................. 44
<PAGE>
(BACK COVER, RIGHT COLUMN)
$245,101,821.24
UACSC 1996-B Auto Trust
$245,101,821.24
_______% Class A Automobile
Receivable Pass-Through
Certificates
Class I Interest Only Automobile
Receivable Pass-Through
Certificates
UAC Securitization Corporation
Depositor
Union Acceptance Corporation
Servicer
[UACSC LOGO]
Underwriters of the Class A Certificates
Salomon Brothers Inc
NationsBanc Capital Markets, Inc.
Underwriter of the Class I Certificates
Salomon Brothers Inc
Prospectus Supplement
Dated May ____, 1996
