DIGITAL DICTATION INC
S-8, 1997-06-03
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING SERVICES
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      As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 3, 1997

                                                   Registration No. 333-________
                               -----------------

                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549
                               ------------------
                                    FORM S-8

                             REGISTRATION STATEMENT
                                      UNDER
                           THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

                             DIGITAL DICTATION, INC.
                ------------------------------------------------
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

              Delaware                                  52-1451022
    (State or other jurisdiction            (I.R.S. employer identification no.)
  of incorporation or organization)


                            8230 Old Courthouse Road
                             Vienna, Virginia 22182
                    (Address of principal executive offices)

         --------------------------------------------------------------
                             Digital Dictation, Inc.
                      1996 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan
                          Employee Stock Purchase Plan
                            (Full title of the plan)




                               Richard D. Cameron
                                    President
                             Digital Dictation, Inc.
                            8230 Old Courthouse Road
            -------------------------------------------------------
                             Vienna, Virginia 22182
(Name, address and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

                                    Copy to:
                          David B.H. Martin, Jr., Esq.
                             Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.
                           555 Thirteenth Street, N.W.
                             Washington, D.C. 20004
                                (202) 637-6858



                         CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

- --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------
                                   Proposed         Proposed
   Title of       Amount to be      maximum          maximum        Amount of 
 securities to     registered    offering price     aggregate      registration
 be registered                    per share (1)  offering price(1)    fee (1)
- --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------
 Common Stock,
par value $.01     1,450,000         $1.50         $2,175,000          $660
  per share
- --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------
(1) Estimated pursuant to Rule 457(c) and (h) solely for purposes of calculating
the amount of the  registration  fee,  based on the average of the bid and asked
price per share of Digital  Dictation,  Inc.  common  stock,  par value $.01 per
share, on May 30, 1997.



<PAGE>


                                      - 4 -
                                     PART I

              INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(a) PROSPECTUS

                  The documents  containing the information  specified in Part I
will be sent or  given  to  employees  as  specified  by Rule  428(b)(1)  of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the  "Securities  Act").  In accordance with
the  instructions  to Part I of Form S-8, such  documents will not be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") either as part of this
Registration  Statement or as prospectuses or prospectus supplements pursuant to
Rule 424 of the Securities Act.


                                     PART II

               INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Item 3.           Incorporation of Documents by Reference.

     Digital Dictation, Inc. (the "Registrant") hereby incorporates by reference
into this  Registration  Statement the following  documents filed by it with the
Commission:  
                  (a)      The  Registrant's  Annual  Report on Form  10-KSB for
                           the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996;

                  (b)      All  reports  filed with the  Commission  pursuant to
                           Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
                           of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") since December 31, 1996;
                           and

                  (c)      The  description  of the  Registrant's  common stock,
                           $.01  par  value  per  share  (the  "Common   Stock")
                           contained in the Registrant's  Registration Statement
                           on Form 10-SB  filed with the  Commission  on October
                           23, 1995.

                  In addition, all documents and reports filed by the Registrant
subsequent to the date hereof pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of
the Exchange Act, and prior to the filing of a  post-effective  amendment  which
indicates that all securities  offered have been sold or which  deregisters  all
securities  remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in
this Registration  Statement and to be part of hereof from the date of filing of
such documents or reports. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or
deemed to be incorporated by reference  herein shall be deemed to be modified or
superseded  for  purposes of this  Registration  Statement  to the extent that a
statement  contained herein or in any other subsequent filed document which also
is or is deemed to be  incorporated  by reference  herein modifies or supersedes
such  statement.  Any such  statement  so  modified or  superseded  shall not be
deemed,  except as so  modified  or  superseded,  to  constitute  a part of this
Registration Statement.



Item 4.           Description of Securities.

                  Not applicable  (the Common Stock is registered  under Section
12 of the Exchange Act).



Item 5.           Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.

                  Not applicable.



Item 6.           Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

                  Each  director  and officer of the  Registrant  is insured and
indemnified  against liability  incurred by him or her in his or her capacity as
an officer and/or director pursuant to the following:

                  (a)  Section  6  of  the  Registrant's  Amended  and  Restated
Certificate of  Incorporation  (the  "Certificate of  Incorporation"),  entitled
"Indemnification," provides for indemnification of directors and officers to the
fullest  extent  permitted  by the laws of the State of  Delaware.  Section  5.2
limits the  liability  of  directors  and  officers as  permitted  by such laws.
Sections 5.2 and 6 of the Registrant's Certificate of Incorporation are included
in Exhibit 4.1 to this  Registration  Statement and are  incorporated  herein by
reference.

                  (b) Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware,  which is set forth as Exhibit 99.1 to this Registration Statement and
is incorporated herein by reference.

                                      * * *

                  Insofar as indemnification  for liabilities  arising under the
Securities Act may be permitted to directors,  officers and controlling  persons
of the  Registrant  pursuant  to the  foregoing  provisions  or  otherwise,  the
Registrant  has been  advised  that,  in the  opinion  of the  Commission,  such
indemnification  is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and
therefore  is  unenforceable.  In the  event  that a claim  for  indemnification
against  such  liabilities  is asserted by such  person in  connection  with the
offering of the Common  Stock (other than for the payment by the  Registrant  of
expenses  incurred or paid by a director,  officer or controlling  person of the
Registrant in the  successful  defense of any action,  suit or  proceeding)  the
Registrant  will,  unless in the  opinion  of its  counsel  the  matter has been
settled by controlling precedent,  submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction
the question of whether such  indemnification  by it is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities  Act and will be governed by the final  adjudication
of the issue.



Item 7.           Exemption from Registration Claimed.

                  Not applicable.



Item 8.           Exhibits.

                  Exhibit
                  Number            Description

                  4.1               Amended   and   Restated    Certificate   of
                                    Incorporation of Registrant (incorporated by
                                    reference  to  Exhibit  2.1 to  Registration
                                    Statement on Form 10-SB (File No.
                                    0-27052)).

                  4.2               Amended   and   Restated   Bylaws   of   the
                                    Registrant,   as  amended  (incorporated  by
                                    reference  to  Exhibit  2.2 to  Registration
                                    Statement on Form 10-SB (File No.
                                    0-27052)).

                  4.3               Form    of    Common    Stock    Certificate
                                    (incorporated  by  reference to Exhibit 3 to
                                    Registration  Statement  on Form 10-SB (File
                                    No. 0-27052).

                  4.4               Shareholders' Agreement (incorporated by 
                                    reference to Exhibit 5 to Registration 
                                    Statement on Form 10-SB (File No. 0-27052)).

                  4.5               Agreement and Plan of Merger by and
                                    among  Registrant,  SonoChem,  Inc.  and  
                                    Principal  SonoChem  Stockholders
                                    (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 12 to 
                                    Registration  Statement on Form 10-SB (File 
                                    No. 0-27052)).  

                  5.1               Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. regarding
                                    the legality of the securities  being  
                                    registered.  23.1 Consent of Hozik & Charin.

                  23.2              Consent of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.  
                                    (included in their opinion filed as Exhibit 
                                    5.1 hereto). 

                  24.1              Power of Attorney (included on signature
                                    page).  

                  99.1              Section  145 of the General Corporation Law 
                                    of the State of Delaware.

Item 9.           Undertakings.

                  The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

                  (a) To file,  during any  period in which  offers or sales are
                  being made, a  post-effective  amendment to this  registration
                  statement:

                                    (i)     To include any prospectus required 
                           by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

                                    (ii) To reflect in the  prospectus any facts
                           or events  arising  after the  effective  date of the
                           Registration    Statement   (or   the   most   recent
                           post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually
                           or in the aggregate,  represent a fundamental  change
                           in the  information  set  forth  in the  Registration
                           Statement;

                                    (iii) To include  any  material  information
                           with  respect  to  the  plan  of   distribution   not
                           previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or
                           any  material  change  to  such  information  in  the
                           Registration Statement.

                           Provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(i) and (a)(ii)
                  do not apply if the  Registration  Statement is on Form S-3 or
                  Form S-8,  and the  information  required  to be included in a
                  post-effective  amendment by those  paragraphs is contained in
                  periodic  reports filed by the Registrant  pursuant to Section
                  13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are  incorporated
                  by reference in the Registration Statement.

                  (b) That, for the purpose of determining  any liability  under
                  the Securities Act, each such  post-effective  amendment shall
                  be deemed to be a new registration  statement  relating to the
                  securities   offered   therein,   and  the  offering  of  such
                  securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
                  fide offering thereof.

                  (c) To remove from  registration by means of a  post-effective
                  amendment any of the securities  being registered which remain
                  unsold at the termination of the offering.

                  The  undersigned   Registrant   hereby  undertakes  that,  for
purposes of determining  any liability  under the Securities Act, each filing of
the Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act (and, where  applicable,  each filing of an employee benefit plan's
annual  report   pursuant  to  Section  15(d)  of  the  Exchange  Act)  that  is
incorporated by reference in the Registration  Statement shall be deemed to be a
new registration  statement relating to the securities offered therein,  and the
offering of such  securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.

                   The undertaking concerning indemnification is set forth under
the response to Item 6.



<PAGE>



                                      - 5 -


                Pursuant  to  the   requirements  of  the  Securities  Act,  the
Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration
Statement  to be  signed  on its  behalf  by  the  undersigned,  thereunto  duly
authorized, in the County of Fairfax, Commonwealth of Virginia, on May 30, 1997.

                                                   Digital Dictation, Inc.


                                                   By: /s/ Richard D. Cameron
                                                       Richard D. Cameron
                                                       President, Chief 
                                                       Executive Officer and 
                                                       Director



                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

                KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears  below  constitutes  and appoints  Richard D. Cameron as true and lawful
attorney-in-fact,  with  full  power of  substitution,  for him and in his name,
place and  stead,  in any and all  capacities,  to sign any  amendments  to this
Registration  Statement,  and to file the same, with all exhibits  thereto,  and
other  documents  in  connection  therewith,  with the  Securities  and Exchange
Commission,  hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact,  or
his  substitute  or  substitutes,  may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue
hereof.

                Pursuant to the  requirements  of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in
the capacities and on the dates indicated.

     SIGNATURE                          TITLE                         DATE 
/s/ Richard D. Cameron        Principal Executive Officer          May 30,  1997
- ------------------------      and Director
Richard D. Cameron          

/s/ Gerald H.  Gruber         Principal Financing and Accounting   May 30,  1997
- ------------------------      Officer
Gerald H. Gruber 

/s/ Myron A. Wick, III        Chairman of the Board of Directors   May 30,  1997
- ------------------------  
Myron A. Wick, III 

/s/ Charles C. McGettigan     Director                             May 30,  1997
- ------------------------
Charles  C.  McGettigan  

/s/  Bert I.Helfinstein       Director                             May ___, 1997
- ------------------------ 
Bert I. Helfinstein
<PAGE>



                                  EXHIBIT INDEX



Exhibit
Number                          Description                              Page
4.1          Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of          *
             Registrant  (incorporated  by reference to Exhibit 2.1 
             to Registration Statement on Form 10-SB (File No. 0-27052)).

4.2          Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, as amended     *
             (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Registration 
             Statement on Form 10-SB (File No. 0-27052)).

4.3          Form  of  Common  Stock  Certificate  (incorporated  by       *
             reference to Exhibit 3  to Registration Statement on Form 
             10-SB (File No. 0-27052)).

4.4          Shareholders'  Agreement  (incorporated  by  reference  to    *
             Exhibit 5 to  Registration Statement on Form 10-SB 
             (File No. 0-27052)).

4.5          Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Registrant,         *
             SonoChem, Inc. and Principal SonoChem  Stockholders  
             (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  12 to  
             Registration Statement on Form 10-SB (File No. 0-27052)).

5.1          Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.

23.1         Consent of Hozik & Charin.

23.2         Consent of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.  (See Exhibit 5.1)

24.1         Power of Attorney (included on signature page).

99.1         Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of 
             Delaware.

*incorporated by reference


<PAGE>


Exhibit 5.1

                                                                               
Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.


<PAGE>


Board of Directors

May 30, 1997
Page 3






                                                   May 30, 1997



Board of Directors
Digital Dictation, Inc.
8230 Old Courthouse Road
Vienna, Virginia 22182

Dear Gentlemen:

                  This firm has acted as counsel to Digital Dictation, Inc. (the
"Company"),  a  Delaware  corporation,  in  connection  with  its  registration,
pursuant  to a  registration  statement  on Form S-8  filed on or about the date
hereof (the  "Registration  Statement"),  of 1,450,000  shares (the "Shares") of
common stock, par value $.01 per share of the Company ("Common Stock"), issuable
upon (i) the exercise of options granted under the Digital Dictation,  Inc. 1996
Non-Qualified  Stock Option Plan (the "Option Plan") and (ii) the sale of shares
under the Digital  Dictation,  Inc.  Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Purchase
Plan," and together with the Option Plan, the "Plans"). This letter is furnished
to you pursuant to the  requirements  of Item  601(b)(5) of  Regulation  S-K, 17
C.F.R. ss. 229.601(b)(5), in connection with such registration.

                  For purposes of this opinion,  we have examined  copies of the
following documents:

                  1.        An executed copy of the Registration Statement.

                  2.       A copy of the Option  Plan,  as  certified on May 30,
                           1997, by the Chief  Executive  Officer of the Company
                           as then being complete, accurate and in effect.

                  3.       A copy of the Purchase  Plan, as certified on May 30,
                           1997, by the Chief  Executive  Officer of the Company
                           as then being complete, accurate and in effect.

                  4.       The Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
                           of the  Company,  as amended,  as certified on May 7,
                           1997 by the  Secreatary  of  State  of the  State  of
                           Delaware  and on May 30, 1997 by the Chief  Executive
                           Officer  of  the  Company  as  then  being  complete,
                           accurate and in effect.

                  5.       The Amended and Restated  By-laws of the Company,  as
                           amended,  as  certified  on May 30, 1997 by the Chief
                           Executive  Officer  of  the  Company  as  then  being
                           complete, accurate and in effect.

                  6.       Resolutions  of the Board of Directors of the Company
                           adopted  by  unanimous  written  consent on March 14,
                           1996 and  December  10,  1996,  all of the  foregoing
                           resolutions  as  certified  by  the  Chief  Executive
                           Officer of the  Company on May 30, 1997 as then being
                           complete, accurate and in effect.

                  7.       Resolutions  of  the   stockholders  of  the  Company
                           adopted on December  10,  1996,  as  certified by the
                           Chief  Executive  Officer  of the  Company on May 30,
                           1997 as then being complete, accurate and in effect.

                  We have not, except as specifically  mentioned above, made any
independent  review  or  investigation  of  the  organization,  existence,  good
standing, assets, business or affairs of the Company or its subsidiaries,  or of
any other matters.  In our examination of the aforesaid  certificates,  records,
and  documents,  we have assumed the  genuineness of all  signatures,  the legal
capacity of natural persons,  the authenticity of all documents  submitted to us
as originals, and the authenticity and conformity with the original documents of
all  documents  submitted  to  us  as  certified,  telecopied,  photostatic,  or
reproduced  copies.  We  have  assumed  the  authenticity  and  accuracy  of the
foregoing  certifications of corporate  officers,  on which we are relying,  and
have made no independent investigations thereof.

                  We have not, except as specifically  identified  herein,  been
retained or engaged to perform, nor have we performed, any independent review or
investigation  of  any  statutes,  ordinances,  laws,  regulations,  agreements,
contracts,  instruments, or corporate records to which the Company or any of its
property may be a party or may be subject.  This opinion is given in the context
of the foregoing.

                  This  opinion  is based as to  matters  of law  solely  on the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware,  as amended, and we express no
opinion as to any other laws, statutes,  regulations,  or ordinances,  including
without  limitation any federal or state tax or securities  laws or regulations.
We note that our firm only  requires  lawyers to be qualified to practice law in
the District of Columbia, Virginia, or Maryland.

                  Based upon,  subject to, and limited by the foregoing,  we are
of the opinion that the Shares,  when issued and  delivered in the manner and on
the terms  contemplated  in the  Registration  Statement and the Plans (with the
Company  having  received the  consideration  therefor,  the form of which is in
accordance  with  applicable  law),  will be  validly  issued,  fully  paid  and
non-assessable.

                  We assume no  obligation  to advise you of any  changes in the
foregoing  subsequent  to the  delivery of this  opinion.  This opinion has been
prepared solely for your use in connection  with the filing of the  Registration
Statement  on the date of this  letter,  and should not be quoted in whole or in
part or  otherwise  be  referred  to,  nor be  filed  with or  furnished  to any
governmental agency or other person or entity, without the prior written consent
of this form.

                  We hereby  consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit
to the Registration Statement.  Nothing herein shall be construed to cause us to
be considered  "experts"  within the meaning of Section 11 of the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended, or the rules thereunder.

                                                     Very truly yours,

                                                     /s/ Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.

                                                      HOGAN & HARTSON  L.L.P.







<PAGE>




                         CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

We  hereby  consent  to the  incorporation  by  reference  in this  Registration
Statement on Form S-8 of our report dated  February 15, 1997,  which  appears on
page 15 of Digital  Dictation's  Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended
December 31,  1996.  We also  consent to the  incorporation  by reference of our
report on the  Financial  Statement  Schedule,  which appears on page 14 of such
Annual Report on Form 10-KSB.



                               /s/ Hozik & Charin

April 25, 1997


<PAGE>


                                        3
Exhibit 99.1

                Section  145 of the  General  Corporation  Law of the  State  of
Delaware provides as follows:

(a) A  corporation  may  indemnify  any  person  who  was  or is a  party  or is
threatened to be made a party to any  threatened,  pending or completed  action,
suit or proceeding,  whether civil,  criminal,  administrative  or investigative
(other  than an action by or in the right of the  corporation)  by reason of the
fact  that  he  is or  was  a  director,  officer,  employee  or  agent  of  the
corporation,  or is or was  serving  at the  request  of  the  corporation  as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,  partnership, joint
venture,  trust or other  enterprise,  against  expenses  (including  attorneys'
fees),  judgments,  fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably
incurred by him in connection  with such action,  suit or proceeding if he acted
in good faith and in a manner he reasonably  believed to be in or not opposed to
the best interests of the corporation,  and, with respect to any criminal action
or proceeding,  had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The
termination of any action,  suit or proceeding by judgment,  order,  settlement,
conviction,  or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent,  shall not, of
itself,  create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a
manner  which  he  reasonably  believed  to be in or not  opposed  to  the  best
interests  of the  corporation,  and,  with  respect to any  criminal  action or
proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

(b) A  corporation  may  indemnify  any  person  who  was  or is a  party  or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened,  pending or completed action or
suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by
reason of the fact that he is or was a director,  officer,  employee or agent of
the  corporation,  or is or was serving at the request of the  corporation  as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,  partnership, joint
venture,  trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys' fees)
actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by him in  connection  with the  defense or
settlement  of such  action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner he
reasonably  believed  to be in or not  opposed  to  the  best  interests  of the
corporation and except that no  indemnification  shall be made in respect of any
claim,  issue or matter as to which such person  shall have been  adjudged to be
liable  to the  corporation  unless  and only to the  extent  that the  Court of
Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought  shall  determine
upon application that,  despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all
the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably  entitled to
indemnity  for such  expenses  which the Court of  Chancery  or such other court
shall deem proper.

(c) To the extent that a director,  officer,  employee or agent of a corporation
has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or
proceeding referred to in subsections (a) and (b) of this section, or defense of
any claim,  issue or matter therein,  he shall be indemnified  against  expenses
(including   attorneys'  fees)  actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by  him  in
connection therewith.

(d) Any  indemnification  under  subsections (a) and (b) of this section (unless
ordered by a court) shall be made by the  corporation  only as authorized in the
specific  case  upon a  determination  that  indemnification  of  the  director,
officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances because he has met the
applicable  standard  of conduct  set forth in  subsections  (a) and (b) of this
section.  Such  determination  shall  be  made  (1) by a  majority  vote  of the
directors who are not parties to such action,  suit or  proceeding,  even though
less than a quorum, or (2) if there are no such directors,  or if such directors
so direct,  by  independent  legal counsel in a written  opinion,  or (3) by the
stockholders.

(e) Expenses  (including  attorneys' fees) incurred by an officer or director in
defending any civil,  criminal,  administrative or investigative action, suit or
proceeding may be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of
such action,  suit or proceeding  upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf
of such  director  or  officer to repay such  amount if it shall  ultimately  be
determined  that he is not  entitled to be  indemnified  by the  corporation  as
authorized in this section.  Such expenses (including  attorneys' fees) incurred
by other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions,  if
any, as the board of directors deems appropriate.

(f) The  indemnification  and  advancement  of expenses  provided by, or granted
pursuant to, the other subsections of this section shall not be deemed exclusive
of any other rights to which those seeking  indemnification  or  advancement  of
expenses may be entitled under any bylaw,  agreement,  vote of  stockholders  or
disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity
and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.

(g) A corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain  insurance on behalf
of any  person  who is or was a  director,  officer,  employee  or  agent of the
corporation,  or is or was  serving  at the  request  of  the  corporation  as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,  partnership, joint
venture,  trust or other enterprise  against any liability  asserted against him
and incurred by him in any such capacity,  or arising out of his status as such,
whether or not the  corporation  would have the power to  indemnify  him against
such liability under this section.

(h) For purposes of this section, references to "the corporation" shall include,
in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including
any constituent of a constituent)  absorbed in a consolidation  or merger which,
if its separate  existence had continued,  would have had power and authority to
indemnify its directors,  officers,  and employee or agents,  so that any person
who is or was a  director,  officer,  employee  or  agent  of  such  constituent
corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation
as a director,  officer, employee or agent of another corporation,  partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under
this section with respect to the resulting or surviving  corporation as he would
have with respect to such constituent  corporation if its separate existence had
continued.

(i) For  purposes  of this  section,  references  to "other  enterprises"  shall
include employee  benefit plans;  references to "fines" shall include any excise
taxes  assessed on a person  with  respect to any  employee  benefit  plan;  and
references  to  "serving at the request of the  corporation"  shall  include any
service as a  director,  officer,  employee  or agent of the  corporation  which
imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director,  officer, employee or
agent  with  respect  to  an  employee   benefit  plan,  its   participants   or
beneficiaries;  and a  person  who  acted  in  good  faith  and in a  manner  he
reasonably  believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries
of an  employee  benefit  plan  shall be deemed to have  acted in a manner  "not
opposed  to the  best  interests  of the  corporation"  as  referred  to in this
section.

(j) The  indemnification  and  advancement  of expenses  provided by, or granted
pursuant to, this section shall,  unless  otherwise  provided when authorized or
ratified,  continue  as to a person  who has ceased to be a  director,  officer,
employee  or agent and shall inure to the  benefit of the heirs,  executors  and
administrators of such a person.


<PAGE>


(k) The Court of Chancery is hereby vested with exclusive  jurisdiction  to hear
and determine all actions for advancement of expenses or indemnification brought
under this  section  or under any  bylaw,  agreement,  vote of  stockholders  or
disinterested  directors,  or  otherwise.  The Court of Chancery  may  summarily
determine a corporation's  obligation to advance expenses (including  attorneys'
fees).




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