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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
[X]ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 (FEE REQUIRED)
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
OR
[_]TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
1-14028
(COMMISSION FILE NUMBER)
DELAWARE 75-2370945
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER)
10370 RICHMOND AVENUE 77042
HOUSTON, TEXAS (ZIP CODE)
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE
OFFICES)
(713) 952-9555
(REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE
TITLE OF EACH CLASS ON WHICH REGISTERED
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<S> <C>
Common Stock, $.01 Par Value New York Stock Exchange
</TABLE>
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
NONE.
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the
Registrant as of March 21, 1997, was $251,792,486 (based on $22 per share). At
March 21, 1997, the Registrant had outstanding 11,451,541 shares of its Common
Stock, par value $.01 per share.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant's definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities
and Exchange commission within 120 days of December 31, 1996 is incorporated
by reference in Part III of this 10-K.
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<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
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<CAPTION>
ITEM PAGE
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<C> <S> <C>
1. Business............................................................ 3
2. Properties.......................................................... 19
3. Legal Proceedings................................................... 19
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders................. 20
PART II
5. Market for Company's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.. 20
6. Selected Financial Data............................................. 21
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operation............................................... 22
8. Financial Statements and Supplemental Data.......................... 36
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure............................................... 36
PART III
10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.................. 36
11. Executive Compensation.............................................. 36
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management...... 36
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions...................... 36
PART IV
14. Financial Statements, Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.............. 37
</TABLE>
2
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PART I
ITEM 1: BUSINESS.
General
Highlands Insurance Group, Inc. (the "Company") is a regional insurance
holding company that, through Highlands Insurance Company ("Highlands") and
its other insurance subsidiaries (collectively, the "Insurance Subsidiaries",
and, other than Highlands Insurance Company (U.K.) Limited ("Highlands (UK)")
the "U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries"), is primarily engaged in the commercial
property and casualty insurance business. Until January 23, 1996, the Company
was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Halliburton Company ("Halliburton"). On such
date, the shares of the Company's common stock (the "Company Common Stock")
were distributed to holders of record of common stock of Halliburton on
January 4, 1996 in the form of a dividend (the "Distribution"). Pursuant to
the Distribution, one share of Company Common Stock was distributed for each
ten shares of Halliburton common stock owned by the Halliburton stockholders.
The Company's principal product lines are workers' compensation insurance
(representing 38% of gross premiums written in 1996), general liability
insurance (representing 20% of gross premiums written in 1996), commercial
automobile liability insurance (representing 15% of gross premiums written in
1996) and ocean and inland marine insurance (representing 11% of gross
premiums written in 1996) and certain others, principally bonds, commercial
property insurance and assumed reinsurance, which represented in the aggregate
16% of gross premiums written in 1996. The principal customers of the Company
are Halliburton and its affiliates ("Insurance Services"), relatively large
third party and smaller complex commercial accounts ("Special Accounts") and
medium to small third party commercial accounts ("Commercial Insurance") and
commercial marine products ("Marine").
Highlands was incorporated in 1957 as a Texas domiciled insurer to write
workers' compensation insurance for Brown & Root, Inc., an engineering and
construction company that Halliburton acquired in 1962. In 1964, Highlands
expanded its operations to offer insurance coverage to third parties. Since
then, the proportion of the Company's business derived from unaffiliated
parties has dramatically increased, but Halliburton and its affiliates
continue to be the Company's largest customer, representing 19% of the
Company's gross premiums written in 1996. In connection with the Distribution,
the Company and Halliburton negotiated a four year Insurance Products and
Services Agreement covering the retention and pricing of coverages written for
Insurance Services.
Special Accounts include a group of relatively large commercial customers
(standard premium over $1 million) engaged in heavy industries, including oil
and gas exploration and production, construction, engineering, and certain
other smaller but complex commercial accounts. Special Accounts represented
21% of the Company's gross premiums written in 1996. Because of the Company's
relationship with Halliburton, its Special Accounts division has developed
particular expertise in underwriting, pricing and providing the specialized
service and products required by complex commercial accounts. The policies
written for these customers often have high deductibles or are retrospectively
rated, which results in significant risk retention by the insured. However, on
less complex risks, a guaranteed cost program is available.
To take advantage of its knowledge of large, heavy industry risks, the
Company devotes significant resources to writing Commercial Insurance that
have risks similar to those of Insurance Services and Special Accounts.
Commercial Insurance business is sold through independent insurance agents.
Because the coverage and servicing needs of small and medium-sized commercial
accounts are somewhat different from those of large commercial customers, in
1996 the Company established a separate business unit for small and medium-
sized customers with its own underwriting, claims and marketing personnel.
Commercial Insurance represented 39% of the Company's gross premiums written
in 1996.
Marine coverage insures business against losses related to waterborne
vessels and their cargo. The Company offers ocean marine coverage which can be
divided into four categories: (i) ocean marine hull which provides physical
damage coverage for the ship itself, (ii) ocean marine cargo for coverage of
goods while in transit, (iii) ocean marine freight which protects the insured
against loss of shipping costs and (iv) ocean marine protection and indemnity,
which provides marine liability insurance. Ocean marine is underwritten mainly
on the West Coast of the United States, including Hawaii and Alaska, and along
the Gulf of Mexico.
3
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The remainder of 1996 gross premiums written was derived from bonds and
assumed reinsurance. See "--Products--Other."
The Company is licensed to write property and casualty insurance in all 50
states, but is currently focused on companies headquartered in Texas and
Louisiana. For the year ended December 31, 1996, approximately 60% and 10% of
the Company's gross premiums written related to Texas and Louisiana,
respectively.
The Company has discontinued or curtailed three of its previous product
lines (the "Discontinued Lines"), specifically business originated by the
Company's London operations (representing approximately 2% of gross premiums
written in 1996), an umbrella/excess liability policy program (which did not
represent any gross premiums written in 1996) and assumed casualty and
property reinsurance contracts (representing approximately 2.5% of gross
premiums written in 1996). The Company has ceased to write the Discontinued
Lines. During the third quarter of 1995, the Company recorded a $117.0 million
charge relating to loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, $81.3 million of
which related to the Discontinued Lines. Although the Company's loss and loss
adjustment expense reserves were strengthened significantly, the Company's
business will continue to be exposed to potential changes in the estimated
ultimate liability for settlement of claims relating to the Discontinued
Lines. In addition, in 1996 the Company began to exit personal lines in Texas,
Florida property and the probate bond business which in total accounted for 6%
of 1996 gross premiums written.
The Company purchases reinsurance to limit its maximum loss, to provide
greater diversification of risks and to minimize exposures on larger risks.
Although reinsurance does not legally discharge an insurer from its primary
liability for the full amount of the policies, it does make the assuming
reinsured liable to the reinsured to the extent of the reinsurance ceded. The
Company's most significant concentration of reinsurance credit risk is with
underwriting syndicates at Lloyds, amounting to approximately $111.2 million
of which $90.2 million is carried by the Company's subsidiary, Highlands (UK),
as of December 30, 1996. See "--Regulation" regarding regulation of Highlands
(UK) in the United Kingdom.
The Company follows conservative investment practices and manages its
investment portfolio internally. As of December 31, 1996, 89% of the Company's
investment portfolio consisted of fixed maturity securities and 100% of such
fixed maturity securities were rated investment grade.
The U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries share Highlands' "A-"(Excellent) rating
assigned by A.M. Best.
INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS
Upon consummation of the Distribution, the Company sold an aggregate of $60
million in principal amount of the Company's 10% Convertible Subordinated
Debentures due December 31, 2005, (the "Debentures") together with detachable
Common Stock Subscription Warrants, Series A and Series B (the "Series A
Warrants" and "Series B Warrants," respectively, and, collectively, the
"Warrants") to Insurance Partners, L.P. and Insurance Partners Offshore
(Bermuda), L.P. ("IP" and "IP Bermuda," respectively, and, collectively, the
"Investors") pursuant to the terms of an Investment Agreement dated October
10, 1995 (as amended, the "Investment Agreement"). The Investors assigned the
rights to purchase $2.85 million of the Debentures, together with a
proportionate amount of the Warrants, to Mr. Richard M. Haverland, the
Company's Chief Executive Officer, and certain members of management of the
Company (the "Management Investors"). Additionally, the Company has issued to
the Management Investors an additional $2.85 million in principal amount of
the Company's 10% Convertible Subordinated Debentures, Series 2, due December
31, 2005, (the "Management Debentures"), together with Common Stock
Subscription Warrants Series A-2 and Series B-2 (the "Management Warrants",
and, collectively with the Management Debentures, the "Management
Securities"). The consideration paid by the Management Investors to the
Company for the Management Securities consisted of an aggregate of $2.85
million in principal amount of individual promissory notes made by the
Management Investors without personal recourse and secured by the Management
Securities. See, Item 13: "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions."
4
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The net proceeds from these transactions (approximately $54 million) have
been retained by the Company. Approximately $10 million of such funds were used
to make a capital injection into Highlands. In the aggregate, the Debentures,
Warrants and Management Securities entitle the Investors and the Management
Investors to purchase approximately 44% of the Company Common Stock for an
aggregate investment of up to approximately $128 million (including the $62.85
million that was initially paid for the Debentures, Warrants and Management
Securities). In connection with the investment transactions described above,
two principals of Insurance Partners Advisors, L.P. ("IP Advisors") have been
elected to serve on the Board of Directors of the Company. IP Advisors is a
management company that serves as the investment advisor to the Investors.
PRODUCTS
The Company underwrites commercial property and casualty coverage, primarily
workers' compensation, general liability and commercial automobile insurance.
Policies are frequently sold on a "package" basis including all three policy
lines. Policies written for Insurance Services and Special Accounts are
generally underwritten on a high deductible or retrospectively rated basis,
with significant risk retention by the insured. Policies written for Commercial
Insurance are generally on a fixed premium basis where the insured generally
has little or no retained risk. The Company seeks to be responsive and flexible
in providing enhancements to its policies that meet the needs of particular
customers. Additionally, the Company underwrites marine insurance which is
unrelated to the commercial property and casualty products.
The following table sets forth by product line the Company's gross premiums
written for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
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1996 1995 1994
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(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Workers' compensation.................................. $ 60.5 76.1 90.6
General liability...................................... 32.4 62.0 78.7
Commercial automobile.................................. 23.3 28.8 30.0
Marine................................................. 17.9 18.3 17.4
Other.................................................. 21.2 42.6 58.9
Highlands (UK)......................................... 3.2 6.6 17.2
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Total................................................ $158.5 234.4 292.8
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</TABLE>
Gross premiums written have been redefined for all periods presented to
include the effects of changes in premiums due under retrospective policies.
Such changes were previously recorded only as net premiums earned.
Workers' Compensation. Workers' compensation coverage insures employers
against medical and indemnity claims resulting from injuries related to work.
According to A.M. Best in 1995, the latest year for which information is
available, the Company was the eighth largest writer of workers' compensation
insurance in Texas, with 3.7% of the total estimated market of $1.27 billion of
premiums written on a direct basis. As a result of legislative changes
affecting the Texas insurance market, beginning with Senate Bill 1 of 1990
aimed at workers' compensation reform, which was upheld by the Texas Supreme
Court, the Texas insurance climate has become increasingly favorable. As a
result, statewide workers' compensation loss ratios on a direct basis steadily
improved since the time such Bill went into effect. This favorable climate has
resulted in increased competition and worsening underwriting results.
General Liability. General liability coverage insures businesses against
third-party liability from accidents occurring on their premises or arising out
of their operations, such as injuries sustained from products sold. According
to A.M. Best in 1995, the latest year for which information is available, the
Company was the twenty-fourth largest writer of general liability insurance in
Texas with 1.0% of the total estimated market of $1.49 billion of premiums
written on a direct basis.
5
<PAGE>
Commercial Automobile. Commercial automobile coverage insures businesses
against losses incurred from personal bodily injury, bodily injury to third
parties, property damage to an insured's vehicle, and property damage to other
vehicles and other property. This product line is primarily offered in
connection with the Company's other primary insurance products. According to
A.M. Best in 1995, the latest year for which information is available, the
Company was the twenty-first largest writer of commercial automobile insurance
in Texas with 1.8% of the total estimated market of $1.29 billion of premiums
written on a direct basis.
Marine. Marine coverage insures business against losses related to
waterborne vessels and their cargo. The Company offers ocean marine coverage
which can be divided into four categories: (i) ocean marine hull which
provides physical damage coverage for the ship itself, (ii) ocean marine cargo
for coverage of goods while in transit, (iii) ocean marine freight which
protects the insured against loss of shipping costs and (iv) ocean marine
protection and indemnity, which provides marine liability insurance.
Other. In addition to its primary product lines above, the Company also
underwrites surety bonds, property coverage and reinsurance assumed. For the
year ended December 31, 1996, reinsurance assumed and bond coverages accounted
for $3.9 million and $8.5 million in gross premiums written, respectively. For
the year ended December 31, 1996, $6.2 million of the Company's gross premiums
written were probate bonding business. Effective March 1, 1996, the Company
reinsured 100% of its inforce probate bond policies, subject to a profit
sharing arrangement. As a result of the sale and reinsurance, net premiums
written from the probate bonding business were significantly reduced in 1996.
Additionally, the Company began to cease writing Texas personal lines products
during the first quarter of 1996 which resulted in diminished property
premiums for 1996.
Highlands (UK). For a description of the Company's discontinued business in
the United Kingdom, see "--Discontinued Lines" and "Company Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations--
Discontinued Lines."
Types of Policies. Approximately 61% of the Company's gross premiums earned
in 1996 related to policies written on a traditional fixed premium basis
whereby the customer receives stated levels of coverage in return for a fixed
premium over the policy term. The balance of the Company's insurance premiums
are written on policies subject to retrospective rating or individually
negotiated high deductible fixed premium policies.
Premiums for retrospectively rated policies may be adjusted up or down,
subject to certain limitations contained in the policy, based on the actual
loss experience of the insured during the policy period. Experience rated
contracts reduce but do not eliminate risk to the insurer. The Company
estimates ultimate losses for the retrospectively rated policies and then
adjusts earned premiums and premiums due from policyholders under
retrospectively rated policies for changes in the estimated ultimate losses
from the prior valuation.
High deductible policies are similar to retrospectively rated policies in
terms of the level of risk retention by the insured. Under a high deductible
policy, the insured deposits an estimated deductible amount with the insurer,
which amount is generally adjusted quarterly to reflect loss payments under
the deductible. Amounts within the deductible limit are not recorded as
premiums or losses. Consequently, premiums on a high deductible policy
generally are significantly lower than on a retrospectively rated plan. In
addition, inward cash flows on high deductible policies are generally slower
than for retrospectively rated policies and, thus, the opportunity for
investment income is reduced.
As indicated above, generally the insurance products written for Insurance
Services have been on the basis of negotiated retrospectively rated premiums
or high deductibles. The Company believes that accounts the size of the
Insurance Services business would, in accordance with practice prevalent in
the property and casualty insurance industry, be based on negotiated
retrospectively rated premiums and high deductibles and that, due to the
negotiating strength of such accounts, the terms of the insurance products
involved may not comport with the terms, including pricing terms, of workers'
compensation or general liability policy forms published or approved by state
regulatory authorities.
6
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The regulatory authorities of certain states, including Texas, have in
recent years and under certain circumstances permitted fully negotiated
workers' compensation and general liability policies and plans and will accept
such policies or plans when filed as required under the related statutes and
regulations. In February of 1996, the Company filed the Insurance Services
workers' compensation plan with the Texas Department of Insurance and the
regulatory authorities of those other states which permit fully negotiated
contracts. Some state regulatory authorities, however, do not recognize fully
negotiated insurance policies or plans and, accordingly, such policies or
plans may not comply with all of the applicable laws and regulations in such
jurisdictions.
To the extent that the existing insurance products written for Insurance
Services and future insurance policies or plans written pursuant to the
Insurance Products and Services Agreement do not comply with applicable laws
and regulations relating to rates and forms of insurance policies or plans,
Halliburton has released the Company with respect to any claims by Halliburton
and/or any of its affiliates that such insurance policies or plans do not so
comply and has indemnified the Company with respect to certain losses arising
under any of such insurance policies or plans. It is possible, however, that
such policies or plans may in the future become the subject of regulatory
review and that regulatory sanctions may result which may prohibit enforcement
of such policies or plans, limit or deny the Company's ability to issue such
policies or plans in the future and may include fines and other penalties.
Nonetheless, the Company believes that, based on the foregoing facts and those
surrounding the issuance of such policies, the likelihood of the imposition of
any such sanctions that would have a material adverse effect on the financial
position and results of operations of the Company is remote.
In addition, certain of the workers' compensation, general liability and
commercial automobile insurance products written for the Special Accounts are
based on negotiated retrospectively rated premiums or high deductibles. The
Company believes that this practice is consistent with the practice prevalent
in the property and casualty insurance industry as it relates to large
commercial accounts, particularly in those product lines. Certain of such
products may not strictly comply with the laws and regulations of certain
states that do not provide for the negotiation of forms of, and rates under,
such insurance products.
GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS
Substantially all of the Company's business relating to its three primary
product lines is written for companies headquartered in Texas or Louisiana.
The Company's larger commercial customers often have employees and operations
in several other states. In order to write policies covering all of an
insured's operations, the Company is licensed to write property and casualty
insurance in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The Company's marine
business is primarily written for insureds located along the Gulf of Mexico
and on the West Coast of the United States, including Hawaii and Alaska, and
its probate bonds were primarily written for insureds located in California.
The following table sets forth by jurisdiction the Company's gross premiums
written, allocated to such jurisdictions for the U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries
based on the location of risks underwritten and for Highlands (UK) without
regard to the location of risks underwritten, for the periods indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
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1996 1995 1994
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(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Texas.................................................. $ 95.4 121.4 154.9
Louisiana.............................................. 16.4 32.7 24.1
California............................................. 7.9 9.0 23.9
Florida................................................ 3.8 5.3 5.9
Other.................................................. 31.8 59.4 66.8
Highlands (UK)......................................... 3.2 6.6 17.2
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Total................................................ $158.5 234.4 292.8
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</TABLE>
7
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CUSTOMER BASE
The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the allocation of the
Company's gross premiums written by customer type:
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<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
1996 1995 1994
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(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Commercial Insurance................................... $ 61.9 90.5 97.3
Insurance Services..................................... 30.3 55.9 44.3
Special Accounts....................................... 32.7 41.1 77.9
Marine................................................. 17.9 18.3 17.4
Other.................................................. 15.7 28.6 55.9
------ ----- -----
$158.5 234.4 292.8
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</TABLE>
Commercial Insurance. Commercial Insurance products are targeted at small to
medium-sized industrial businesses with standard premiums under $1 million,
including special trade contractors, wholesale durable goods, retail building
materials, machine shops and tool manufacturing. The Company provides its
primary commercial products through independent insurance agencies serviced by
two full service branch offices and four service centers located throughout
Texas and Louisiana. The Company has assessed its distribution and service
systems including the number of locations required to provide such services.
As a result of this assessment, several locations were closed during 1996. The
Company currently underwrites over 10,000 policies through its branch
distribution system.
Insurance Services. Insurance Services includes coverages written for
Halliburton. These two accounts represented 20% of the Company's gross
premiums written in 1996, comprised mostly of premiums for workers'
compensation and general liability insurance. These policies are written on a
high deductible or retrospectively rated basis. The decrease of gross premiums
written for Insurance Services for the year ended December 31, 1996 as
compared to the same period of 1995 is primarily the result of lower incurred
losses subject to retrospectively rated policies. The Company views this
coverage as substantially service-based business. In connection with the
Distribution, the Company and Halliburton have negotiated a four year contract
covering the retention and pricing of Insurance Services business. For further
information regarding this contract, see Item 13: "Certain Relationships and
Related Transactions."
Special Accounts. The Company's Special Accounts business currently serves
approximately 20 relatively large industrial clients whose insurance needs
require specialized service capabilities and flexible coverage programs. While
Special Accounts generally have standard premiums in excess of $1 million,
operators of oil and gas leases are also handled as Special Accounts,
regardless of size, due to their complex nature. Special Accounts' programs
frequently include workers' compensation, general liability, auto liability
and other coverages and are generally written on a high deductible or
retrospectively rated basis with significant risk retention by the insured.
The ten largest Special Accounts have been customers of the Company for an
average of 12 years, and accounted for $14 million of the Company's gross
premiums written in 1996. The decrease of gross premiums written for Special
Accounts for the year ended December 31, 1996 as compared to 1995 is primarily
the result of the loss of seven clients, and lower incurred losses for
retrospectively rated policies.
Marine. The Marine Division business consists of a mix of commercial marine
products. Approximately 35% of the business emanates from operations based on
the West Coast of the United States, including Hawaii and Alaska, most of
which is commercial fishing business. The remaining 65% of the business
emanates from operations along the Gulf of Mexico and predominately consists
of commercial fishing, tug and barge, oilfield support vessels and maritime
employer's liability business. As part of the Company's assessment of its
distribution and service systems, this business was consolidated from two
branches to one during 1996.
Other. Consists primarily of those insured against probate and performance
bond risks and the Discontinued Lines.
8
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MARKETING
The Company markets its insurance products (other than products written for
Insurance Services) through approximately 300 licensed independent insurance
agents. Frequently, licensed insurance brokers are involved with placements to
Special Accounts. The Company believes it is well known within the insurance
brokerage and agency communities in the region in which it operates. In 1996,
the Company's ten largest agents and brokers wrote approximately 25% of the
Company's premiums (excluding Insurance Services business).
The Company seeks to establish long-term relationships with well-established
agencies and to focus business on those agencies with a proven track record.
Because the Company offers its product lines only through independent
insurance agencies, its relationships with those agencies are critical to the
continued success of its business. The Company has fostered close working
relationships between agents and Company personnel to facilitate effective
marketing, claims servicing and consistent application of the Company's
underwriting guidelines. In selecting agencies for new appointments, the
Company considers the following criteria: a record of profitability and
financial stability, an experienced and professional staff, a marketing plan
for future growth and profitability and a perpetual plan for successor
management. Once appointed, each agency's performance is carefully monitored.
CLAIMS
Claims for Commercial Insurance are currently handled by the Company's two
branch offices and four service centers located throughout the Company's
operating territory. To help ensure efficient claims settlements, the Company
authorizes almost all claims to be settled by adjusters located in these
offices as rapidly and cost effectively as is practical. The Company has
assessed its distribution and service systems, including the number of
locations required to provide such services. As a result of this assessment,
several locations were closed during 1996. Commercial Insurance performed a
review of its need for 13 claim locations and, as a result thereof, has
reduced the number of locations to six. For the Company's Special Accounts,
claims are processed centrally at the Company's main office in Houston. In
addition, for some of the Company's largest accounts, including Insurance
Services, the Company maintains on-site adjusters to assist in settling
claims. The Company primarily uses independent adjusters in areas outside the
two branch offices and four service centers.
Loss Prevention. The Company maintains a loss control operation in each
production and service branch that is committed to providing loss prevention
service to customers as well as complying with state regulatory requirements
and assisting underwriters in the risk section and pricing process. Because
worker's compensation is a major line for both the Commercial Insurance and
Special Accounts Divisions, loss control services include management
consultation, on-site inspections, supervisor training and a loan-free video
library. Services provided to underwriters include inspections, estimation of
building replacement costs, risk assessment and recommendations for improving
the risk.
DISCONTINUED LINES
The Company currently has three lines of business which have been
discontinued or curtailed but which continue to generate revenue and claims
that affect the Company's results of operations: (i) business generated by the
Highlands London Branch and Highlands (UK); (ii) certain umbrella/excess
liability policies; and (iii) assumed casualty and property reinsurance. The
Company has outsourced the claims handling and run-off management of the
Highlands London Branch and Highlands (UK) to Eastgate Group Limited
("Eastgate"). Eastgate is a professional run-off company doing business in the
United Kingdom. The decision to outsource these operation resulted in the
reduction of personnel and the elimination of the need for leased office
space. The costs associated with the restructuring and future run-off were
previously accrued for in the operations of Highlands London Branch and
Highlands (UK). For additional information regarding Discontinued Lines and
loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for Discontinued Lines, see Item 7:
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations--Discontinued Lines" and "--Results of Operations--1995 Third
Quarter Charge."
9
<PAGE>
LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES
Significant periods of time often elapse between the occurrence of an
insured loss, the reporting of the loss to the insurer and the insurer's
payment of that loss. To recognize liabilities for unpaid losses, insurers
establish reserves as balance sheet liabilities representing estimates of
amounts needed to pay reported and unreported losses and the related loss
adjustment expense. The Company's current loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves were reviewed quarterly by the Company's internal actuaries and at
year end by the Company's independent actuaries. The Company's independent
actuary certified its 1996 loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for the
U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries as required for its statutory filings.
The process of estimating loss reserves is a difficult and complex exercise
involving many variables and subjective judgments. As part of the reserving
process, insurers review historical data and consider the impact of various
factors such as trends in claims frequency and severity, emerging economic and
social trends, inflation and changes in the regulatory and litigation
environments. This process assumes that past experience, adjusted for the
effects of current developments and anticipated trends, is an appropriate
basis for predicting future events. There is no precise method, however, for
subsequently evaluating the impact of any specific factor on the adequacy of
reserves, because the eventual deficiency or redundancy of reserves is
affected by many factors.
When a claim is reported to the Company, its claims personnel establish a
"case reserve" for the estimated amount of the ultimate payment. This reflects
the informed judgment of such personnel based on general insurance reserving
practices and on the experience and knowledge of such personnel regarding the
nature and value of the specific types of claims. These are increased or
decreased as deemed necessary by the Company's claims department, after
evaluating, among other things, coverage, liability and severity of subsequent
developments and periodic reviews of the cases. In addition, case reserves are
established for adjustment and litigation expenses and litigation expenses
paid to third parties on a per claim basis.
In accordance with industry practice, the Company maintains reserves for
estimated unreported losses. These reserves are established to provide for
claims which have been incurred but not yet reported ("unreported losses") and
to provide for adverse development in case reserves. A significant portion of
the Company's loss reserve is the reserve relating to unreported losses. These
reserves, by definition, are not set up for specific claims. In calculating
reserves for unreported losses, therefore, the Company estimates the ultimate
net liability for losses using various techniques. Such reserves are
established based on loss experience and are grouped both by class of business
and by accident year. Reserve adjustments relating to unreported losses are
also made to take into account changes in the volume of business written,
claims frequency and severity, the mix of business, claims processing and
other items that can be expected to affect the Company's liability for losses
over time.
During the loss adjustment period, additional facts regarding individual
claims may become known. As the Company becomes aware of additional facts, it
may become necessary for it to refine and adjust liability estimates, and even
after adjustment, the ultimate net liability for claims may be less than or
greater than the revised estimates.
10
<PAGE>
The following table presents a reconciliation of total beginning and ending
reserve balances for loss and loss adjustment expense for the periods
indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
---------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1............................. $1,253,627 1,149,173 1,225,242
Less--Reinsurance recoverables................. 599,558 557,096 627,285
---------- --------- ---------
Net balance at January 1......................... 654,069 592,077 597,957
---------- --------- ---------
Incurred related to--
Current year................................... 133,717 156,683 159,431
Prior year--
Asbestos..................................... 4,645 50,027 10,160
Environmental................................ 1,912 31,768 15,879
All other.................................... 16,315 61,775 38,845
---------- --------- ---------
Total prior year............................... 22,872 143,570 64,884
---------- --------- ---------
Total incurred............................... 156,589 300,253 224,315
---------- --------- ---------
Paid related to--
Current year................................... 37,020 39,846 45,609
Prior year--
Asbestos..................................... 4,871 10,550 2,830
Environmental................................ 2,984 6,080 3,650
All other.................................... 155,666 181,785 178,106
---------- --------- ---------
Total prior year............................... 163,521 198,415 184,586
---------- --------- ---------
Total paid................................... 200,541 238,261 230,195
---------- --------- ---------
Net balance at December 31................... 610,117 654,069 592,077
Add--Reinsurance recoverables................ 546,707 599,558 557,096
---------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31........................... $1,156,824 1,253,627 1,149,173
========== ========= =========
</TABLE>
The loss reserve experience of the Company, as reflected on the basis of
generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), is shown in the following
table, which represents the development of balance sheet reserves (net of
reinsurance) for calendar years 1986 through 1996. The top three lines of the
table reconcile gross loss and loss adjustment expense reserves to net loss
and loss adjustment expense reserves for calendar years 1992 through 1996. The
upper section of the table shows the cumulative amount paid with respect to
the previously recorded reserves as of the end of each succeeding period. The
lower portion of the table shows the re-estimated amount of the previously
recorded net reserves based on experience as of the end of each succeeding
period. In addition, the table also presents the gross re-estimated reserve
liability as of the latest re-estimation period. The Company did not restate
data for years prior to 1992 in this table for presentation on a gross basis.
The estimate is increased or decreased as more information becomes known about
the frequency and severity of losses for individual years. The cumulative
(deficiency) redundancy represents the aggregate change in the estimates over
all prior periods. This table does not present accident or policy year
development data. Conditions and trends that have affected development of the
reserves in the past may not necessarily occur in the future. Accordingly, it
may not be appropriate to extrapolate deficiencies or redundancies based on
this table.
11
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
--------- --------- --------- --------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Gross reserves for
loss and loss
adjustment
expense.......... $ -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,393,352 1,225,242 1,149,173 1,253,627
Deduct:
Reinsurance
recoverable...... -- -- -- -- -- -- 827,381 627,285 557,096 599,558
Net reserves for
loss and loss
adjustment
expense.......... 361,335 408,950 452,448 493,818 540,818 652,925 565,971 597,957 592,077 654,069
Paid (cumulative)
as of:
One year later.. 122,859 147,950 165,380 207,948 236,070 263,755 268,072 184,586 198,415 163,521
Two years later. 212,571 237,910 283,703 344,994 419,791 420,876 395,244 333,366 323,737
Three years
later.......... 269,291 309,634 353,811 448,667 510,739 518,442 513,135 426,022
Four years
later.......... 318,590 346,990 419,100 516,833 573,504 608,865 587,726
Five years
later.......... 341,760 394,264 468,899 555,134 638,963 668,889
Six years later. 381,433 432,624 497,568 605,691 685,578
Seven years
later.......... 413,178 451,878 540,202 641,245
Eight years
later.......... 429,542 486,604 569,297
Nine years
later.......... 461,705 511,420
Ten years later. 484,810
Paid (cumulative)
as of:
One year later.. 583,108 405,885 284,446 209,265
Two years later. 920,199 635,683 452,854
Three years
later.......... 1,113,503 767,095
Four years
later.......... 1,226,508
Net liability re-
estimated as of:
End of year..... 361,335 408,950 452,448 493,818 540,818 652,925 565,971 597,957 592,077 654,069
One year later.. 407,129 443,859 479,617 544,574 653,379 694,248 688,811 662,841 735,647 676,940
Two years later. 426,544 450,217 518,162 627,917 725,661 785,147 772,020 788,454 750,941
Three years
later.......... 434,292 472,133 565,941 667,812 772,614 828,241 894,071 805,313
Four years
later.......... 450,119 511,098 585,565 714,290 824,126 938,216 915,163
Five years
later.......... 481,442 530,147 631,570 765,856 925,216 957,726
Six years later. 500,275 558,648 680,821 863,909 943,067
Seven years
later.......... 524,224 606,456 772,322 872,101
Eight years
later.......... 570,760 692,315 776,353
Nine years
later.......... 658,295 691,448
Ten years later. 655,333
Net deficiency.... (293,998) (282,498) (323,905) (378,283) (402,249) (304,801) (349,192) (207,356) (158,864) (22,871)
Impact of 1995
Third Quarter
Charge........... 80,241 79,995 84,482 88,701 90,501 96,640 103,483 107,594 117,000 --
Remaining net
deficiency....... (213,757) (202,503) (239,423) (289,582) (311,748) (208,161) (245,709) (99,762) (41,864) (22,871)
Gross re-estimated
liability as of:
End of year..... 1,393,352 1,225,242 1,149,173 1,254,489
One year later.. 1,636,022 1,413,673 1,445,913 1,255,351
Two years later. 1,811,827 1,693,009 1,422,645
Three years
later.......... 2,102,378 1,671,282
Four years
later.......... 2,087,253
Gross cumulative
deficiency....... (693,901) (446,040) (273,472) (862)
========== ========== ========== ==========
Gross re-estimated
liability........ 2,087,253 $1,671,282 $1,422,645 $1,255,351
Re-estimated
recoverable...... 1,172,090 865,969 671,704 578,411
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net re-estimated
liability........ $ 915,163 $ 805,313 $ 750,941 $ 676,940
========== ========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996
---------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C>
Gross reserves for
loss and loss
adjustment
expense.......... $1,156,824
Deduct:
Reinsurance
recoverable...... 546,707
Net reserves for
loss and loss
adjustment
expense.......... 610,117
Paid (cumulative)
as of:
One year later..
Two years later.
Three years
later..........
Four years
later..........
Five years
later..........
Six years later.
Seven years
later..........
Eight years
later..........
Nine years
later..........
Ten years later.
Cumulative amount
of gross
liability paid
through:
One year later..
Two years later.
Three years
later..........
Four years
later..........
Net liability re-
estimated as of:
End of year..... 610,117
One year later..
Two years later.
Three years
later..........
Four years
later..........
Five years
later..........
Six years later.
Seven years
later..........
Eight years
later..........
Nine years
later..........
Ten years later.
Net deficiency....
Impact of 1995
Third Quarter
Charge...........
Remaining net
deficiency.......
Gross re-estimated
liability:
End of year.....
One year later..
Two years later.
Three years
later..........
Four years
later..........
Gross cumulative
deficiency.......
Gross re-estimated
liability........
Re-estimated
recoverable......
Net re-estimated
liability........
</TABLE>
12
<PAGE>
The five components which account for the substantial majority of the
indicated historical reserve deficiencies are: (1) reserving practices prior
to 1991 for unreported losses associated with retrospectively rated policies
on Insurance Services business, (2) environmental (including asbestos) claims,
(3) extremely slow reporting of casualty losses from assumed reinsurance, (4)
catastrophic losses from assumed property reinsurance, (5) Highlands (UK)
business and (6) inadequate individual claim reserves.
As the table above illustrates, the Company's net reserves at the end of
1995 developed unfavorably in 1996 by $22.9 million. This increase is
primarily due to reserve deficiencies on asbestos and environmental, assumed
reinsurance and probate bonding business loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves. For additional discussion regarding loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves, see Item 7: "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations--Results of Operations."
In the third quarter of 1995, the Company and an independent actuary
conducted a review of its loss and loss adjustment expense reserves to assess
the Company's reserve position. As a result of such review, the company
recorded a $117 million charge to loss and loss adjustment expense incurred
which relate to items (2) through (5) in the second preceding paragraph. Loss
and loss adjustment expense reserves were increased by $117 million (net of
reinsurance) as follows: (i) asbestos and environmental reserves were
increased by $59.5 million relating to exposures prior to 1986; (ii) assumed
casualty reinsurance reserves were increased by $13.1 million relating to
risks reinsured in the early to mid-1970's; and (iii) catastrophe loss
reserves reinsured for Highlands (UK) were increased by $12.0 million relating
primarily to underwriting years 1988 through 1990. An additional $13.0 million
was added to loss adjustment expense reserves to reflect additional costs
related to the settlement of claims and run-off costs related to Highlands
(UK). This reserve increase impacts the reserve development for 1994 and all
prior years. The remaining $19.4 million reflects changes to reserves for
unreported losses in order to reflect the current evaluation of overall loss
and loss adjustment expense reserves and impacts development for 1994 and
various other prior years. For a more complete discussion of the third quarter
1995 reserve adjustments, see Item 7: "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Results of Operations--1995
Third Quarter Charge".
The Company and the property and casualty insurance industry in general have
seen substantial reserve development, particularly since 1987, related to
environmental claims. The areas of exposure for Highlands are discussed in
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations--Results of Operations--1995 Third Quarter Charge." For the
calendar years 1996, 1995 and 1994, the amounts of environmental development
were $6.6 million, $81.8 million and $26.0 million, respectively. Prior to
1993, the Company did not explicitly identify the amount of unreported loss
reserve related to environmental claims.
Prior to year-end 1991, Highlands did not establish a reserve for unreported
losses from retrospectively rated policies written for Halliburton and its
affiliated companies. The emergence of these losses was effectively offset by
collection of additional premiums under the contract and thus the impact on
the Company's income statement was minimal. For the calendar years 1986 to
1990, the total incurred loss emergence was equal to the adverse reserve
development for these policies and amounted to $181.0 million. The 1991
calendar year also contained an additional increase of $46.3 million related
to the initial establishment of unreported loss and allocated loss adjustment
expense reserves for all accident years prior to 1991.
Although the majority of the assumed reinsurance contracts covering casualty
exposures relate to the 1969 through 1974 policy years, losses have continued
to emerge throughout the last ten years. For the calendar years 1996, 1995 and
1994, the amounts of assumed reinsurance losses recorded were $3.4 million,
$22.5 million and $15.3 million, respectively. From calendar 1985 to 1991,
this line contributed $51.0 million of adverse reserve development averaging
approximately $7.3 million per calendar year. Included within these amounts
are losses related to environmental claims, although enough information to
identify these losses are not always provided by the ceding companies. To the
extent possible based on available data, the environmental losses have been
segregated for the Company's reserve analysis.
13
<PAGE>
The assumed property reinsurance business was adversely impacted by the
recent series of severe catastrophic events in the United States since 1989.
The Company has curtailed its participation in this business and has reduced
its exposure to future catastrophic claims. For the calendar years 1996, 1995
and 1994, the amounts of additional assumed property reinsurance claims
recorded were $4.5 million, $.2 million and $1.6 million, respectively.
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for Highlands (UK) have
demonstrated significant reserve deficiencies in recent years. Net reserve re-
estimates for the calendar years 1996, 1995 and 1994 have been $ 1.5 million,
$18.6 million and $13.6 million, respectively. There have been several factors
contributing to the adverse reserve development including the large number of
catastrophic claims, the reduction in expected future premiums due to
reinstatement premiums for reinsurance coverage on the catastrophic claims, and
losses resulting from the exhaustion of certain reinsurance coverage relating
to the catastrophe claims. In addition, worse than anticipated loss levels
resulted from the entry of Highlands (UK) into the proportional treaty business
in 1991. Finally, Highlands (UK) established a reserve for run-off costs in
1993 in response to the decision to cease underwriting in that year.
For additional information regarding loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves, see Item 7: "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations--Results of Operations."
REINSURANCE
The Company utilizes reinsurance arrangements to limit its maximum loss, to
provide greater diversification of risks and to minimize exposures on larger
risks. Reinsurance involves an insurance company transferring or ceding all or
a portion of its exposure on insurance policies to a reinsurer. The reinsurer
assumes the exposure in exchange for a portion of the premiums received by the
ceding insurance company. Generally, reinsurance coverage is on an excess of
loss basis, which means that reinsurance coverage commences after losses exceed
a specified dollar amount. Additionally, Highlands has catastrophe coverage for
certain types of losses over stipulated aggregate amounts arising from any one
occurrence. Although reinsurance does not legally discharge an insurer from its
primary liability for the full amount of the policies, it does make the
assuming reinsurer liable to the reinsured to the extent of the reinsurance
ceded.
The Company maintains excess of loss reinsurance treaties for each of its
main property, casualty and marine coverages. Effective January 1, 1996, the
Company restructured its existing reinsurance arrangements. On casualty risks,
including workers' compensation, the retention level was increased to $1
million from $400,000 per occurrence, with the maximum coverage remaining at
$40 million per occurrence. Additional workers' compensation coverage is
provided by a second catastrophe excess of loss arrangement that provides $80
million (up from $60 million in 1995) above the $40 million for total workers'
compensation coverage of $120 million excess of $1 million. In 1995, the first
$600,000 of reinsurance in excess of $400,000 per occurrence was accounted for
as a deposit type reinsurance agreement. On property risks, reinsurers assume
liability for 100% of that portion of the loss which exceeds a minimum of
$300,000 ($200,000 minimum in 1995), up to $15 million per risk and per
occurrence ($13 million in 1995). For larger limits or whenever unusual
exposures are present, the Company will purchase individual policy reinsurance
which is referred to as facultative. In addition, the Company has purchased
property catastrophe reinsurance to reduce its exposure to losses resulting
from any single catastrophic event. Under this treaty, the Company retains $3
million of each loss occurrence and has protection for 95% of all losses in
excess thereof up to $25 million. On marine business, reinsurers assume
liability on loss occurrences which exceed $250,000 per occurrence up to $21
million.
The Company monitors the financial condition of the reinsurance companies
with which it places significant reinsurance coverage and strives to place
reinsurance coverage with financially sound reinsurance companies. In the past,
the Company has placed reinsurance coverage with several hundred reinsurance
companies. It monitors the financial condition of many of such companies only
on a periodic basis. A number of such companies are in run-off or have ceased
writing reinsurance and some have become insolvent. The Company's ability to
monitor the financial condition of some foreign reinsurance companies is
limited because of the difficulty of acquiring financial information.
14
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth by quality of reinsurer (for those domestic
companies rated by A.M. Best) the Company's reinsurance recoverable as of
December 31, 1996.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CATEGORY DECEMBER 31, 1996
-------- -----------------
(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C>
A.M. Best Rated:
A- or better.......................................... $254.4
B++ or less........................................... 56.3
------
310.7
------
Non A.M. Best Rated:
Lloyds................................................ 111.2
Other foreign reinsurers.............................. 123.2
Pools and associations................................ 11.8
------
246.2
------
Total reinsurance recoverable....................... $556.9
======
</TABLE>
Based upon its evaluations of reinsurers, the Company retains ceded reserves
for potentially uncollectible reinsurance at such time as an uncollectible
amount is probable and the amount may be reasonably estimated. Because of the
difficulty of acquiring financial information for certain foreign reinsurers,
including Lloyds syndicate members, the Company believes that no meaningful
range of potentially uncollectible reinsurance can be established beyond
recorded reserves. With respect to carriers that are not authorized reinsurers
as determined by the Texas Department of Insurance, the Company often receives
collateral primarily in the form of bank letters of credit generally securing
the reinsurance recoverable regarding reported losses and in some instances
unreported losses. At December 31, 1996, such collateral totaled approximately
$14.8 million, of which $10.9 million was received from other foreign
reinsurers. The Company's three largest reinsurance recoverables at December
31, 1996, were with the underwriting syndicates at Lloyds, amounting to
approximately $111.2 million of which approximately $90.2 million is carried
by Highlands (UK), $84.2 million with American Re-insurance Company and $55.0
million with General Reinsurance Company. See Item 7: "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Liquidity and
Capital Resources--Reinsurance Receivables."
INVESTMENTS
The Company adheres to conservative investment practices and manages its
portfolio internally. The table below shows the carrying value and
classification of the Company's investments at the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
1996 1995 1994
------ ----- -----
(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed maturities:
United States Government and government agencies..... $152.4 77.3 49.3
States, municipalities and political subdivisions.... 223.1 258.9 299.9
Mortgage-backed obligations.......................... 113.4 114.5 111.8
Corporate bonds...................................... 172.7 141.1 128.5
Foreign governments.................................. 12.9 2.4 2.0
Sinking fund preferred stock......................... 5.8 7.7 7.1
Equity securities...................................... 27.0 33.7 31.6
Other invested assets.................................. 3.8 -- --
Cash and cash equivalents.............................. 49.5 85.2 52.8
------ ----- -----
$760.6 720.8 683.0
====== ===== =====
</TABLE>
Fixed Maturities. Fixed maturities constituted 89.4% of the Company's
investments at December 31, 1996. The Company determines the mix of its
investment in taxable and tax-exempt securities based on its current and
projected tax position and the relationship between taxable and tax-exempt
investment yields. As of December 31, 1996, taxable bonds accounted for
approximately 57% of total fixed maturities. Beginning
15
<PAGE>
December 31, 1993, the Company classified its fixed maturities portfolio as
either available for sale or held to maturity. Investments classified as held
to maturity are carried at amortized cost. Fixed maturity investments
classified as available for sale are carried on the Company's balance sheet at
estimated fair value, with unrealized appreciation and depreciation (net of
taxes) recorded in stockholders' equity. At December 31, 1996, the pre-tax
unrealized appreciation on available for sale fixed maturities totaled $4.7
million.
The fixed maturities portfolio is managed conservatively to provide
reasonable return while limiting exposure to risk. The following table sets
forth the composition of the Company's portfolio of fixed maturity investments
by National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") rating and a
description of the equivalent ratings of Moody's Investor Services, Inc.
("Moody's") at the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MOODY'S EQUIVALENT DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
NAIC RATINGS DESCRIPTION 1996 1995
------------ ------------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1.......................... Aaa/Aa/A 95.7% 90.7%
2.......................... Baa 4.3 8.5
3.......................... Ba -- 0.3
4.......................... B -- 0.5
5.......................... Caa and lower -- --
6.......................... In or near default -- --
----- -----
100.0% 100.0%
===== =====
</TABLE>
See Note (3) of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a description
of the contractual maturities of the Company's fixed maturity portfolio at
December 31, 1996 and 1995.
Equities. Equity holdings comprised 3.5% of the Company's investments at
December 31, 1996, and consist of a diversified portfolio of unaffiliated
preferred stocks.
Other Invested Assets. Other invested assets represent amounts invested in
limited partnerships and comprised .5% of total investments at December 31,
1996.
16
<PAGE>
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Company's portfolio also includes short-term
securities and other miscellaneous investments, which in the aggregate
comprised 6.5% of total investments at December 31, 1996.
The following table sets forth the Company's gross investment income and the
pre-tax yield of its investment portfolio (excluding investment income related
to premium notes receivable from insureds).
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
INVESTMENT PRE-TAX INVESTMENT PRE-TAX INVESTMENT PRE-TAX
INCOME YIELD(1) INCOME YIELD(1) INCOME YIELD(1)
---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed income:
Taxable............... $26,815 7.06% $23,511 7.26% $17,364 6.71%
Non-taxable(2)........ 16,743 7.14% 19,989 7.23% 24,378 7.58%
Equity securities....... 2,180 7.84% 2,441 7.89% 2,248 6.37%
Short-term.............. 5,807 5.50% 2,687 5.28% 2,209 4.49%
Other invested assets... 54 1.35% -- -- -- --
------- ------- -------
Total............... $51,599 6.96% $48,628 7.16% $46,199 6.86%
======= ==== ======= ==== ======= ====
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) Calculated as gross investment income (including dividend income in the
case of equity securities) divided by the average of the investment
balances at the beginning and end of each quarter. Investment balances are
at amortized value, except in the case of equity securities, for which cost
is used.
(2) For purposes of comparing non-taxable yields to yields on taxable
securities, these yields are equivalent to pre-tax yields of 11.0%, 11.1%
and 11.6% in 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively, assuming a 35% tax rate.
The disparity between the equivalents of pre-tax yields on non-taxable
fixed income securities in comparison with the pre-tax yields on taxable
fixed income securities is a function of the differing interest rate
environments in which such securities were acquired.
COMPETITION; INDUSTRY CONDITIONS
The property and casualty insurance business is highly competitive, mainly on
the basis of price and service. The Company estimates that there are more than
3,000 property and casualty insurers nationwide. Many of the Company's
competitors are large national companies with greater financial and other
resources than the Company. In 1996, approximately 60% of the Company's gross
premiums written related to Texas. The Company believes that as a result of
legislative developments affecting the Texas insurance market, beginning with
Senate Bill 1 of 1990 aimed at workers' compensation reform, which was upheld
by the Texas Supreme Court, the Texas insurance climate has become more
attractive to insurers. In addition, insurers have been granted much greater
freedom in Texas to file and use their own rates across many lines of business.
These market improvements have attracted additional competitors to the Texas
market and placed downward pressure on prices. Accordingly, the Company may
face more intense competition in its principal markets which could have an
adverse effect on the Company's business. The Company competes on the basis of
underwriting expertise, pricing, service and product design. Management
believes its regional market knowledge, flexibility and quality service to
agents and insureds provide a competitive advantage.
REGULATION
The Company's U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries are subject to comprehensive
regulation throughout the United States, under statutes that delegate
regulatory, supervisory and administrative powers to state insurance
commissioners. The nature and extent of such regulation vary from jurisdiction
to jurisdiction, but typically involve (i) approval requirements for premium
rates for certain lines of insurance, (ii) standards of solvency and minimum
capital and surplus requirements, (iii) limitations on amounts and types of
investments, (iv) restrictions on the size of risks that may be insured by a
single company, (v) approval requirements for policy forms, methods of
accounting and methods of establishing loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves, (vi) licensing of insurers and agents, (vii) limitations on the exit
of certain classes of business, (viii) required participation in
17
<PAGE>
frequently under-priced underwriting pools, and (ix) filing requirements for
annual and other reports with respect to financial condition and other
matters. Such regulations may impede, or impose burdensome conditions on, rate
increases or other actions that the Company might wish to take to enhance its
operating results. In addition, state regulatory examiners perform periodic
examinations of insurance companies. Such regulations are generally intended
for the protection of policyholders rather than investors.
The Company also is subject to laws governing insurance holding companies in
Texas, where Highlands is domiciled. These laws, among other things, (a)
require the Company to file periodic information with state regulatory
authorities including information concerning its capital structure, ownership,
financial condition and general business operations; (b) regulate certain
transactions between the Company, its affiliates and the Insurance
Subsidiaries, including the amount of dividends and other distributions and
the terms of surplus notes; (c) and restrict the ability of any one person to
acquire certain levels of the Company's voting securities without prior
regulatory approval.
The insurance holding company laws of Texas limit dividends and other
distributions from Highlands to the Company. Under Texas law, dividends or
distributions may not be paid by an insurance company without prior regulatory
approval, unless such dividend, together with any dividends paid within the
preceding 12 months, does not exceed the greater of (y) 10% of statutory
surplus as of the end of preceding year and (z) the insurer's net income for
the preceding year. The maximum dividend payable during 1997 without the prior
approval of the Texas Insurance Commissioner is approximately $18 million.
During the 1995 Texas legislative session, legislation was enacted that
directs the Commissioner of Insurance to rollback the rates on several lines
of personal and commercial liability insurance for the stated purpose of
reducing insurance rates in order to pass on immediately to insureds the
benefits of federal civil justice reform and Texas tort reform. The initial
rate rollback took effect on January 1, 1996 and the legislation will impact
Texas insurance rates through January 1, 2001. On September 1 of each year
during which the legislation is in effect, the Commissioner will hold a rule
making hearing to determine the reduction in insurance rates required by the
statute. For calendar years 1996 and 1997, the Commissioner recommended rate
reductions between 6% and 15% from the rates in effect on April 1, 1995 for
the Company's lines of insurance subject to rate rollback. As future rate
rollbacks are contingent upon the hearings to be held each year by the
Commissioner of Insurance, it is not possible to predict the impact of this
legislation on future rates. Due to the stated purpose of the legislation,
however, it should be assumed that the rate rollbacks will continue to have a
downward pressure on rates. The lines of insurance impacted by the legislation
include, but are not limited to, commercial liability insurance for damages
arising out of the manufacture, design or sale of products, commercial
automobile liability insurance, private umbrella and excess liability
insurance, the liability portion of commercial multi-peril insurance and the
employer's liability portion of workers' compensation insurance.
The business of Highlands (UK) is subject to regulation under the laws of
the United Kingdom pursuant to the Insurance Companies Act 1982. After
incurring unacceptable underwriting results in 1991 and 1992 and reviewing the
prospects for the future, Highlands (UK) voluntarily ceased writing new
business effective April 1993. The Company received a Notification of
Requirements from the Department of Trade and Industry ("DTI") on October 29,
1993, which included: timely reporting of certain financial information;
restrictions on certain investment activities without prior approval of the
DTI; restrictions relating to transactions with connected persons; and a
provision requiring Highlands (UK) to cease to effect contracts of insurance
except where it has a legal obligation to do so. Capital infusions for
Highlands (UK) were arranged in 1993 but not effected until 1994 due to the
Notification of Requirements restriction requiring approval of connected-
person transactions. During 1994, DTI sent an additional requirements notice
to Highlands (UK) requesting a plan for restoration of a sound financial
position because of its failure to maintain a margin of solvency required by
Section 32 of the Insurance Companies Act 1982 for a company writing premiums.
Highlands (UK) has developed such a plan. Maintaining a license to write
business in the United Kingdom is not essential and Highlands (UK) plan does
not anticipate any further capital contribution to Highlands (UK) beyond the
1995 contribution of $10 million. Management believes that the regulatory
matters concerning Highlands (UK) will not have a material impact on the
Company's results of operations or financial position.
18
<PAGE>
EMPLOYEES
At January 1, 1996, the Company had 651 full-time employees and 4 part-time
employees, none of whom was represented by a labor union. As a result of
reduction in the Company's workforce, terminations and retirements, the
Company had 376 full-time and 3 part-time employees as of December 31, 1996.
The Company believes that its relations with its employees are satisfactory.
ITEM 2: PROPERTIES.
The Company leases its principal executive offices in Houston, Texas. The
Company also leases offices in Dallas, El Paso and San Antonio, Texas and
Metairie, Louisiana. The Company has three leased offices in California, two
of which have been sublet and one of which the Company is currently attempting
to sublet. The Company believes that it has adequate space for its current
operations and to accommodate expansion.
ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
On May 15, 1991, Weatherford Roofing Company and other plaintiffs commenced
an action against Employers National Insurance Company in the 116th Texas
State District Court in Dallas County, Texas, alleging that they had been
overcharged for workers' compensation insurance. On April 23, 1992, the
plaintiffs amended their petition to allege a class action on behalf of all
employers overcharged for workers' compensation insurance purchased between
1987 and 1992 to cover Texas employees. On April 18, 1994, Highlands and
Highlands Underwriters Insurance Company were added to the action as named
defendants. The lawsuit, styled Weatherford Roofing Company, et al. v.
Employers National Insurance Company (Case No. 91-05637), alleges, among other
things, that the defendants conspired to charge rates of premium for
retrospectively rated insurance policies that exceeded rates then permitted
under applicable Texas law and regulations. On July 2, 1996, the named
plaintiffs and a group of 14 insurance company defendants, including the
Company, entered into a settlement agreement (the "Settlement Agreement"), and
said agreement has received preliminary approval of the court. Pursuant to the
terms of the Settlement Agreement, in July of 1996, notification of the
settlement was published in several Texas newspapers and mailed to all
insureds within the settlement class. The insureds that have elected to opt-
out of the settlement will not impact Highlands or terminate the Settlement
Agreement.
Final approval of the Settlement Agreement was granted by the court in the
fourth quarter of 1996 and the distribution of the settlement fund is now
expected to occur in the first quarter of 1997. The time to appeal the
approval of the Settlement Agreement has now expired. The Company's liability,
pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement, is not in excess of current
legal reserves and is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the
financial position of the Company.
In November 1988, the State of California adopted by ballot initiative
Proposition 103, a comprehensive system of regulation applicable to all
property and casualty insurance written in California. Proposition 103 does
not apply to workers' compensation insurance or reinsurance. Proposition 103
provided, among other things, that rates for automobile and certain other
insurance policies issued or renewed on or after November 8, 1988 be rolled
back to levels of November 8, 1987 and then reduced by an additional 20%. In
January 1995, the State of California notified the Company that it believed
that the Company had a premium rollback obligation to policyholders under
Proposition 103. On April 18, 1995, the Department of Insurance of the State
of California issued a Notice of Hearing Re Proposition 103 Rollback Exemption
Application In the Matter of the Rate Rollback Liability of Highlands and
Highlands Underwriters Insurance Company. Subsequent to the issuance of the
Notice of Hearing, there was a Prehearing Conference Order and several motions
regarding the extent and nature of discovery. On June 30, 1995, Highlands and
Highlands Underwriters Insurance Company mailed a settlement offer to the
Insurance Commissioner of the State of California, which was rejected by the
Commissioner on July 18, 1995. In December of 1995, a decision was entered in
the matter of Amwest Surety Insurance Company v. Pete Wilson, et al. In that
case, the Supreme Court of the State of California determined that surety
insurance would be subject to Proposition 103. There were hearings pursuant to
the above-referenced Notice of Hearing during May and June of 1996 at which
the California Department of Insurance ("DOI")
19
<PAGE>
asserted that the rollback obligation of Highlands and Highlands Underwriters
Insurance Company was $3.9 million, plus interest, for a total amount of $6.5
million. In connection with such hearing, the administrative law judge was
expected to render a decision regarding the Company's rollback liability
during the last quarter of 1996. Subsequent to the June of 1996 hearing, the
Company re-evaluated its legal reserves, and such reserves were increased in
the third quarter of 1996 by $1 million to reflect the Company's current
estimate of its most probable loss. Settlement negotiations occurred during
the fourth quarter of 1996, and as a result of the status of such
negotiations, legal reserves were increased $1 million in the fourth quarter
of 1996.
On February 3, 1997, this matter was settled for $5.7 million. Such amount
is not in excess of current legal reserves and is not expected to have a
material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company. The
settlement will be submitted to the Administrative Law Judge and the
Commissioner of Insurance for their approval, and the Company has no reason to
believe at this time that the settlement will not be approved. In the event
the settlement is not approved, the Company will continue to defend this
matter vigorously.
ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
None.
PART II
ITEM 5: MARKET FOR COMPANY'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
The Company Common Stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")
under the trading symbol "HIC". Until January 23, 1996, Halliburton owned all
of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock. In connection with the
Distribution, approximately 11.4 million shares of Company Common Stock were
issued, and on March 21, 1997 approximately the same number of shares of the
Company Common Stock was issued and outstanding. In addition 750,000 shares of
Company Common Stock are reserved for issuance pursuant to restricted stock
grants and options granted or to be granted pursuant to the 1995 Stock Option
Plan and the 1995 Directors' Stock Plan. See Item 11: "Executive
Compensation."
The following table sets forth, for the calendar periods indicated, the high
and low per share sale prices of Company Common Stock as reported in NYSE--
Composite Transactions.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR 1996 HIGH LOW
--------- ------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
First Quarter............................................... $24.25 $18.75
Second Quarter.............................................. $20.00 $17.63
Third Quarter............................................... $20.12 $17.13
Fourth Quarter.............................................. $21.38 $19.00
</TABLE>
The approximate number of holders of Common Stock as of March 21, 1997,
based upon the number of record holders, was 22,000.
Dividends. The Company has not previously paid any dividends and currently
does not intend to pay dividends on the Company Common Stock. This policy,
however, will be reconsidered from time to time by the Board of Directors of
the Company. The Company's ability to pay dividends in the future will depend
upon its financial performance and other factors not now determinable.
Additionally, the Debentures contain covenants restricting the payment of
dividends in excess of specified amounts.
Moreover, the payment of dividends to the Company by the U.S. Insurance
Subsidiaries is subject to certain limitations under Texas insurance laws.
Texas insurance law permits a Texas domiciled insurance company to pay
dividends in any year in an amount not exceeding the greater of (y) 10% of
statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year, and (z) its net income
for the prior year. Larger dividends may be paid only with prior regulatory
approval. These restrictions and any additional subsequently imposed
restrictions may in the future adversely affect the Company's ability to pay
its expenses and any cash dividends to its stockholders.
20
<PAGE>
ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
The following table summarizes certain selected historical consolidated
financial data with respect to the Company and is based upon the historical
consolidated financial statements of the Company. The information set forth
below should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and the Consolidated
Financial Statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere herein.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
DATA:
Revenues:
Net premiums earned... $ 152,048 201,446 241,676 275,300 237,387
Net investment income. 50,988 48,529 46,720 46,485 53,402
Net realized
investment gains..... 1,199 2,618 1,910 2,702 7,384
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total revenues...... 204,235 252,593 290,306 324,487 298,173
Expenses:
Losses and loss
adjustment expenses
incurred............. 156,589 300,253 224,315 310,029 231,062
Underwriting expenses. 56,487 73,905 65,022 56,649 72,867
Interest expense and
debt amortization.... 6,903 -- -- -- --
Other expenses
(income), net........ 1,697 (823) (1,314) (795) 5,086
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total expenses...... 221,676 373,335 288,023 365,883 309,015
Income (loss) before
income tax benefits and
cumulative effect of
change in accounting
principle(1)........... (17,441) (120,742) 2,283 (41,396) (10,842)
Income tax benefit(2)... 12,098 -- -- -- --
Cumulative effect of
change in accounting
principle(3)........... -- -- -- -- (439)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss)(1)(2). $ (5,343) (120,742) 2,283 (41,396) (11,281)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Earnings (loss) per
share(4)............... $ (.47) (10.55) .20 (3.62) (.99)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
BALANCE SHEET DATA (AT
END OF PERIOD):
Investments, cash and
cash equivalents....... $ 760,618 720,746 683,020 673,913 688,529
Receivable from
reinsurers(5).......... 556,900 602,380 561,474 622,473 839,718
Total assets.......... 1,566,031 1,636,091 1,539,418 1,625,815 1,832,352
Loss and loss adjustment
expense reserves(5).... 1,156,824 1,253,627 1,149,173 1,225,242 1,393,352
Stockholders' equity.... 263,475 267,110 295,808 288,800 299,708
CERTAIN FINANCIAL RATIOS
AND OTHER DATA:
GAAP:
Loss ratio............ 103.0% 149.0% 92.8% 112.6% 97.3%
Expense ratio......... 37.1 36.7 26.9 20.6 30.7
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Combined ratio....... 140.1% 185.7% 119.7% 133.2% 128.0%
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Statutory(6):
Loss ratio............ 102.2% 136.9% 90.2% 98.9% 91.4%
Expense ratio......... 31.7 29.0 27.3 19.3 24.0
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Combined ratio....... 133.9% 165.9% 117.5% 118.2% 115.4%
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Statutory surplus....... $ 188,527 180,020 257,953 248,673 257,090
Net premiums written to
policyholder surplus... 0.8x 1.1x 0.9x 0.9x 0.8x
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) The Company recorded a charge to pre-tax earnings during the year ended
December 31, 1995 of $125 million as more fully discussed under
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operation--Results of Operations."
(2) The Company provides for income taxes in its statements of operations
pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. ("SFAS") 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes,".
With respect to losses for periods preceding the Distribution, no tax
benefits were recorded in the statements of operations pursuant to SFAS
109 and the Company's tax-sharing agreement with its
21
<PAGE>
former parent, Halliburton. Tax receipts under its intercompany tax-sharing
arrangements with Halliburton were recorded as additions to stockholders'
equity for the periods preceding the Distribution. For further information
regarding federal and foreign taxes, see Note (5) of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
(3) In 1992, the Company adopted SFAS 106, "Employers' Accounting for
Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions," which requires accrual,
during the years that the employee renders the services, of the expected
cost of providing postretirement benefits. As of January 1, 1992, the
Company recognized a transition obligation of $439,000 which was recorded
as a cumulative effect of change in accounting principle. Prior to
adoption of SFAS 106, the Company expensed its contributions as paid.
(4) Earnings (loss) per share has been computed based upon the 11,448,208
shares of Company Common Stock distributed on January 23, 1996.
(5) In 1992, the Company adopted SFAS 113, "Accounting and Reporting for
Reinsurance of Short-Duration and Long-Duration Contracts," which requires
presenting loss and loss adjustment expense reserves before reinsurance
recoverables and reinsurance recoverables as receivables from reinsurers.
(6) Relates only to U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries.
ITEM 7: MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The Industry
The property and casualty insurance industry's profitability may be affected
significantly by the availability of insurance coverage, which varies
according to levels of surplus in the industry, volatile and unpredictable
developments, including natural and man-made disasters (such as hurricanes,
windstorms, earthquakes, blizzards, fires and explosions), fluctuations in
interest rates and other changes in the investment environment that affect
market prices of insurance companies' investments and the income from those
investments, inflationary pressures that may tend to affect the size of losses
and judicial, legislative and regulatory decisions affecting insurers'
liabilities. The demand for property and casualty insurance can also vary
significantly, generally rising as the overall level of economic activity
increases and falling as such activity decreases. Price competition has also
been enhanced by a flight of commercial insureds to alternative risk
mechanisms, often including a degree of self-insurance.
The industry has experienced the effects of a number of well publicized
catastrophic events in recent years, some of which have affected the Company
(primarily through its curtailed assumed reinsurance operations). Growth in
liabilities related to asbestos and environmental risks has also adversely
affected the industry and are of significance to the Company. See "--Results
of Operations--1995 Third Quarter Charge--Environmental Reserves (Including
Asbestos)" below.
Property and casualty insurers are regulated by the various state insurance
departments that coordinate their efforts through the National Association of
Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC"). Regulation includes rate and policy form
approval, licensing of insurance agents and companies and solvency oversight.
As a result of recent legislative changes in the Texas insurance market,
beginning with Senate Bill 1 aimed at workers' compensation reform, which
became effective January 1, 1991, the Texas insurance climate has become more
attractive to insurers.
Discontinued Lines
For reporting purposes, the Company has three lines of business which are
considered Discontinued Lines: (i) business originated by the Company's London
reinsurance operations (Highlands (UK)), (ii) an umbrella/excess liability
policy program and (iii) assumed casualty and property reinsurance contracts.
The Company has ceased to write these Discontinued Lines. Although the Company
has discontinued other lines of business, primarily its Florida and Texas
personal lines and probate bonding business, the Company has included the
financial results of those lines in underwriting results excluding
Discontinued Lines for consistency purposes.
22
<PAGE>
The Discontinued Lines percentage of gross premiums written to the Company
totals for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 were 4.5%, 8.1%
and 15.4%, respectively, while the percentage of underwriting losses to the
Company totals for the same time periods were 22.6%, 55.1% and 84.9%,
respectively.
London-Originated Business. The Company participated in the London insurance
markets from 1972 until 1982 through a branch office in London (the "Highlands
London Branch"). The primary business of the Highlands London Branch was the
direct writing and reinsurance of general liability risks for insureds in the
United States and London market marine and aviation risks. The Highlands
London Branch ceased doing business in the United Kingdom when Highlands (UK)
was formed in 1982 in order to withdraw from direct writing of marine and
aviation risks and significantly reduce the direct writing and reinsurance of
U.S. general liability risks in the London market. Highlands (UK) served as an
insurer and reinsurer in London markets primarily by participating in excess
of loss reinsurance liability policies, which included coverage for
catastrophe losses of customers in excess of policy limits of other applicable
policies. Highlands (UK) ceased writing new policies in early 1993.
Accordingly, the Company's continuing exposure on the business of the
Highlands London Branch is generally attributable to adverse loss reserve
development on asbestos and environmental claims, whereas the ongoing exposure
of Highlands (UK) is primarily related to adverse loss reserve development on
the high levels and severity of catastrophe claims (such as the Piper Alpha
explosion, the Exxon Valdez oil spill and Hurricane Hugo) that have occurred
since 1988 and have been slow to emerge in the London market.
Umbrella/Excess Liability Program. Beginning in the early 1970s, Highlands
wrote policies that provided the customer with umbrella and excess liability
coverage with respect to losses which exceeded another insurer's primary and
excess policy coverages. The threshold at which coverage commenced under such
policies underwritten by the Company varied from $300,000 to $100 million and
above. The limits of coverage under the Company's excess liability policies
were generally up to $10 million (in excess of underlying policies) and the
Company generally limited its exposure through substantial reinsurance. The
program was canceled and underwriting operations ceased effective December 31,
1985. The Company's adverse loss experience on these policies has primarily
emanated from asbestos and environmental pollution claims.
Assumed Casualty and Property Reinsurance. Highlands participated in
approximately 200 assumed casualty reinsurance agreements per year (primarily
written from 1969 through 1974) as an excess of loss reinsurer with
participation percentages that varied from contract to contract. A majority of
assumed casualty treaties were nonrenewed by the end of 1976. All remaining
casualty contracts were canceled by December 31, 1996. The Company
participated at levels of $50,000 to $250,000 per contract on hundreds of
assumed property reinsurance contracts per year from 1969 through 1994. Loss
development on the assumed casualty treaties has primarily emanated from
product liability, asbestos and environmental pollution liability,
particularly for accident years 1971 through 1974. Development on the assumed
property reinsurance agreements has primarily related to catastrophe
exposures. For 1992 and prior periods, Highlands was a direct writer of
Florida commercial and personal homeowners lines and acted as a fronting
company for the Southern Underwriters Inc. Quota Share Facility (the "Southern
Underwriters Facility"), which reinsured substantially all of this risk. Due
to Highlands' participation (approximately 6.5%) as a reinsurer of the
Southern Underwriters Facility, this business was managed as and included with
the assumed property reinsurance business. Subsequent to the termination of
the Southern Underwriters Facility in 1993, the Company's Florida direct
business has been (and will continue to be) managed as and included with the
assumed property reinsurance business. In 1996, as permitted by the laws of
the State of Florida, the Company ceased writing the Florida personal
homeowners line of business.
23
<PAGE>
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The results of the Company's consolidated operations for the periods
indicated are set forth below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
1996 1995 1994
------ ------ -----
(DOLLARS IN
MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Consolidated Results:
Gross premiums written.......................... $158.5 234.3 292.8
Net premiums written............................ $135.1 201.6 243.2
====== ====== =====
Net premiums earned:
Excluding Discontinued Lines.................... $144.9 187.2 208.6
Discontinued Lines.............................. 7.1 14.3 33.1
------ ------ -----
$152.0 201.5 241.7
====== ====== =====
Underwriting loss:
Excluding Discontinued Lines.................... $(47.0) (77.5) (7.2)
Discontinued Lines.............................. (14.0) (95.2) (40.4)
------ ------ -----
$(61.0) (172.7) (47.6)
====== ====== =====
Net investment income............................. $ 51.0 48.5 46.7
====== ====== =====
Net realized investment gains..................... $ 1.2 2.6 1.9
====== ====== =====
Interest expense and debt amortization............ $ 6.9 -- --
====== ====== =====
Other expense (income), net....................... $ 1.7 (.8) (1.3)
====== ====== =====
Net income (loss)................................. $ (5.3) (120.7) 2.3
====== ====== =====
Ratios:
Loss............................................ 103.0% 149.0% 92.8%
Expense......................................... 37.1 36.7 26.9
------ ------ -----
Combined...................................... 140.1% 185.7% 119.7%
====== ====== =====
</TABLE>
A $125 million pre-tax charge is reflected in the Company's results of
operations for the year ended December 31, 1995. See "--1995 Third Quarter
Charge." The Company's consolidated results have been significantly influenced
by the underwriting results of the Discontinued Lines. In order to indicate
the magnitude of those influences, underwriting results exclusive of the
Discontinued Lines and with respect to the Discontinued Lines are presented
and discussed separately below. Also see "--Discontinued Lines".
Net investment income for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
amounted to $51.0 million, $48.5 million and $46.7 million, respectively. Net
investment income for 1996 increased from 1995 primarily as a result of the
additional investable funds from the issuance of the Debentures and tax
proceeds from the Company's former parent. The income is partially offset by
lower investment rates in 1996. The increase between 1994 and 1995 reflects an
increase in average invested assets and a higher investment yield during 1995
as a result of moving to taxable investments. Net realized investment gains
have not been a significant portion of revenue for the Company and amount to
$1.2 million, $2.6 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
Interest expense and debt amortization for the year ended December 31, 1996
compared with the same period for 1995 increased as a result of net interest
expense ($5.6 million), amortization of debt discount ($.8 million) and debt
acquisition costs ($.5 million) related to the Debentures.
Other expenses for the year ended December 31, 1996 compared with the same
period for 1995 increased due to additional expenses associated with being a
public company.
24
<PAGE>
The Company provides for income taxes on its statements of operations
pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting
for Income Taxes" (SFAS 109). Total tax benefit for the year ended December
31, 1996 amounted to $12.1 million. With respect to losses for periods
preceding the Distribution (January 23, 1996), no tax benefit was recorded in
the statements of operations pursuant to SFAS 109 and the Company's tax-
sharing arrangement with its former parent, Halliburton. Tax receipts under
its intercompany tax-sharing arrangements with Halliburton were recorded as
additions to stockholders' equity for the periods preceding the Distribution.
Gross premiums written and net premiums written have been redefined for all
periods presented to include the effects of changes in premiums due under
retrospective policies. Such changes were previously recorded only as net
premiums earned.
UNDERWRITING LOSS EXCLUDING DISCONTINUED LINES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
1996 1995 1994
------ ------ ------
(DOLLARS IN
MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Gross premiums written................................. $151.4 215.2 247.6
Net premiums written................................... $130.7 189.4 211.9
====== ====== ======
Net premiums earned.................................... $144.9 187.2 208.6
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred........... (139.5) (196.9) (168.6)
Underwriting expenses.................................. (52.4) (67.8) (47.2)
------ ------ ------
Underwriting loss.................................. $(47.0) (77.5) (7.2)
====== ====== ======
Ratios:
Loss................................................. 96.3% 105.2% 80.8%
Expense.............................................. 36.2 34.9 22.7
------ ------ ------
Combined........................................... 132.5% 140.1% 103.5%
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
The underwriting results excluding Discontinued Lines primarily consist of
relatively large commercial accounts (Special Accounts), medium to small
commercial accounts (Commercial Insurance), insurance for Halliburton
(Insurance Services), commercial marine products (Marine Division) and surety
products (Surety Division).
Period to Period Comparisons of Underwriting Results Excluding Discontinued
Lines
Gross Premiums Written. Gross premiums written for the years ended December
31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 amounted to $151.4 million, $215.2 million and $247.6
million, respectively. The decrease of $63.8 million or 29.6% in 1996 is
attributable to several factors. The Company began its underwriting
initiatives in March 1996 and continues to focus on stricter underwriting
standards and price increases both of which have contributed to declines in
gross premiums written. Also contributing to declines in gross premiums
written is the highly competitive market conditions for Special Accounts
customers. In this highly competitive market, Special Accounts has become more
selective in its initial underwriting as well as renewal activity. Finally,
Insurance Services' mix of business continues to change from retrospectively
rated policies to high deductible policies which produce lower gross premiums.
Gross written premiums written for 1996 were negatively impacted by a
reduction of $6.9 million of accrued premium adjustments and $3.1 million of
improperly classified accrued premiums on retrospectively rated policies.
Gross premiums written for 1996 were also impacted by the decision to exit
the probate bonding business. On March 1, 1996, the Company reinsured 100% of
its inforce policies, subject to a profit sharing arrangement. The year ended
December 31, 1996 includes $6.2 million of probate bonding gross premiums
written compared
25
<PAGE>
to $7.1 million for the comparable 1995 period. The decrease in probate
bonding gross premiums written is expected to continue in 1997.
Gross premiums written for retrospectively rated policies may be adjusted up
or down, subject to certain limitations contained in the policy, based on the
estimated loss experience of the insured during the policy period. The Company
estimates ultimate losses for retrospectively rated policies and then adjusts
gross premiums written and premiums due from policyholders under
retrospectively rated policies for changes in the estimated ultimate loss and
loss adjustment expense from the date of the prior valuation. These
adjustments may cause gross premiums written to fluctuate significantly from
period to period. Gross premiums written for the year ended December 31, 1996
compared to the like period in 1995 were also impacted by a $4.9 million
decrease in written premium on Insurance Services retrospectively rated
policies. Experience rated contracts reduce but do not eliminate risk to the
insurer.
Net Premiums Written. Net premiums written for the years ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994 amounted to $130.7 million, $189.4 million and $211.9
million, respectively. The decrease of $58.7 million or 31% in 1996 is
primarily related to the same issues affecting gross premiums written.
However, net premiums written in 1996 were increased by an adjustment to ceded
premiums written of $1.4 million related to prior years reinsurance treaties.
The 1995 decrease from 1994 in net premiums written amounted to $22.5 million
and was due to the cessation of California-sourced business in April 1994 and
the loss of two Special Accounts customers.
The decision to exit the probate bonding business also significantly
impacted net premiums written due to the ceding of 100% of the business. The
year ended December 31, 1996 includes $1.0 million of probate bond net
premiums written compared to $6.7 million for the comparable 1995 period.
Net Premiums Earned. Net premiums earned for the years ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994 amounted to $144.9 million, $187.2 million and $208.6
million, respectively. The decrease of $42.3 million or 23% in 1996 is related
to the same issues affecting gross and net premiums written. The decline of
$21.4 million or 10% in 1995 reflects the cessation of California-sourced
business and the loss of two Special Accounts customers.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Losses and loss adjustment
expenses incurred for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
amounted to $139.5 million, $196.9 million and $168.6 million, respectively.
The decrease in 1996 of $57.4 million or 29% less than 1995 and the 1995
increase of $28.3 million over 1994 can be primarily attributed to net reserve
re-estimates in 1996, 1995 and 1994 of $10 million, $46.7 million and $21.4
million, respectively. See "--Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves".
Additionally, the year ended December 31, 1996 reflects the lower incurred
losses subject to retrospectively rated policies and the impact of declining
premium volume. See Item 1: "Business--Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense
Reserves" for a discussion of the process of estimating loss reserves.
Underwriting Expenses. Underwriting expenses for the years ended December
31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 amounted to $52.4 million, $67.8 million and $47.2
million, respectively. The 1996 decrease of $15.4 million is related to
declining premium volume and lower reserve increases for litigation and
administrative proceedings against the Company. The year ended December 31,
1996 includes $2 million of legal reserve increases as compared to $10.5
million recorded in the same period for 1995.
The year ended December 31, 1996 underwriting expenses included two other
unusual items of significance amounting to $2.4 million. The Company
implemented a plan under which it recorded a $1.3 million restructuring charge
as part of its strategic and financial assessment of the Company's business.
Additionally, a charge of $1.1 million was recorded for underaccrued premium
taxes.
26
<PAGE>
The 1995 increase in underwriting expenses from 1994 amounted to $20.6
million and was due largely to $10.5 million of legal reserve increases, of
which $8.0 million was included in the 1995 Third Quarter Charge. See "--1995
Third Quarter Charge". Additionally, 1994 underwriting expenses were reduced
by the receipt of an $8.4 million refund from the Texas Workers' Compensation
Insurance Facility.
UNDERWRITING LOSS OF DISCONTINUED LINES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
1996 1995 1994
------ ------ -----
(DOLLARS IN
MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Gross premiums written............................ $ 7.1 19.1 45.2
Net premiums written.............................. $ 4.4 12.2 31.3
====== ====== =====
Net premiums earned............................... $ 7.1 14.3 33.1
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred...... (17.1) (103.3) (55.7)
Underwriting expenses............................. (4.0) (6.2) (17.8)
------ ------ -----
Underwriting loss............................. $(14.0) (95.2) (40.4)
====== ====== =====
</TABLE>
For reporting purposes, the Company has three lines of business which are
considered Discontinued Lines, specifically business originated by the
Company's London reinsurance operations (Highlands (UK)), an umbrella/excess
liability policy program and assumed casualty and property reinsurance
contracts. The Company has ceased to write these Discontinued Lines and
cancelled all remaining assumed casualty and property reinsurance contracts
during 1996.
Period to Period Comparisons of Underwriting Results of Discontinued Lines
Net Premiums Earned. Net premiums earned were $7.1 million, $14.3 million
and $33.1 million in 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. The decline is due to
the runoff of canceled assumed reinsurance and the declining premiums from
Highlands (UK), which ceased writing new business in 1993. However, due to the
nature of the Company's policies and reinsurance contracts, small premium
adjustments can continue subsequent to cancellation.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Losses and loss adjustment
expenses amounted to $17.1 million, $103.3 million and $55.7 million for the
years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. The decrease for
the year ended December 31, 1996 compared to the same period for 1995 is
primarily the result of the 1995 third quarter loss and loss adjustment
expense charge of $81.3 million. See "--Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense
Reserves" and "--1995 Third Quarter Charge". The decline for 1996 also
reflects the decline in premium volume offset by development on prior year
loss reserve. The prior year reserve strengthening in 1996 related to:
asbestos, environmental and other toxic torts of $3.8 million; assumed
reinsurance workers' compensation of $3.0 million; and all other of $6.1
million. In addition, the Company's participation in an assumed reinsurance
contract resulted in a $.5 million loss from the ValuJet catastrophe and a $.5
million loss from the TWA flight 800. Losses and loss adjustment expenses
incurred in 1994 reflect loss development on the significant catastrophe
losses that have plagued the industry since 1988 and incurred losses related
to asbestos and environmental exposures. The Company's catastrophe losses for
1994 were primarily experienced through Highlands (UK) and the assumed
property reinsurance business. Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred
for Highlands (UK) amounted to $13.6 million in 1994 and included net loss
development of approximately $9.3 million ($44.5 million before deducting
reinsurance) related to catastrophe claims. The catastrophe claims include
Hurricane Andrew, European Storms, Pan Am Lockerbie and Kuwait Airlines.
27
<PAGE>
In addition to catastrophe losses, the Company began to experience asbestos
and environmental losses and responded by increasing its estimate of ultimate
loss levels by $3.8 million, $61.2 million and $12.4 million for 1996, 1995
and 1994, respectively. See "--Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves" and
"--1995 Third Quarter Charge--Environmental Reserves (Including Asbestos)"
below.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
Underwriting results of the property and casualty industry are significantly
influenced by estimates of loss and loss adjustment expense reserves. (See
Note (8) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere
herein). These reserves are an accumulation of the estimated amounts necessary
to settle and pay all outstanding and unreported claims including loss
adjustment expenses, net of estimated claim recoveries. The case reserve
estimates for reported claims are based upon the facts of each case and the
Company's experience with similar cases. Consideration is given to historical
trends regarding reserving patterns, loss payments, and the effects of court
decisions, economic conditions and public attitudes. The process of
establishing reserves is an imprecise science involving significant judgment
and assumptions. As information develops that varies from experience, provides
additional data or, in some cases, augments data that previously was not
considered sufficient for use in determining reserves, changes in the
Company's estimate of ultimate liabilities may be required. Changes in prior
year reserve estimates (net of reinsurance), which may be material, are
reflected in the results of operations in the period such changes are
determined to be required.
During the last several years, the Company has experienced significant
adverse development on prior year net ultimate loss estimates. The following
table sets forth the amount of the adverse development split between lines
other than Discontinued Lines and Discontinued Lines for the periods
indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1996 1995 1994
-------- -------- --------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net reserve re-estimates due to:
Lines other than Discontinued Lines:
Asbestos and environmental....................... $ 2.8 10.6 1.0
All other........................................ 7.2 36.1 20.4
Discontinued Lines:
Asbestos and environmental....................... 3.8 61.2 12.4
Highlands (UK)--primarily catastrophes........... 1.5 18.6 13.6
All other........................................ 7.6 17.1 17.5
----- ----- ----
Net adverse development.............................. $22.9 143.6 64.9
===== ===== ====
</TABLE>
As a result of changes in estimates of insured events in prior years,
primarily asbestos and environmental claims as well as catastrophe claims, the
provision for losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred (net of reinsurance
recoveries of $(22.0) million, $152.9 million and $123.5 million for 1996,
1995 and 1994, respectively) increased by $22.9 million in 1996, $143.6
million in 1995 and $64.9 million in 1994. The emergence of environmental and
asbestos claims over the last few years and the difficulty in accurately
estimating the necessary reserves have significantly contributed to the
Company's loss reserve development over this period. For additional details
regarding environmental claims emergence and reserves, see "--1995 Third
Quarter Charge--Environmental Reserves (Including Asbestos)." The Company's
exposure to future catastrophe claims has been significantly reduced as a
result of curtailing the Company's cessation of its Highlands (UK) business.
For the year ended December 31, 1996, the Company's loss and loss adjustment
expense reserves were reviewed by external independent actuaries in order to
establish the Company's reserve position.
1995 Third Quarter Charge
In the third quarter of 1995, the Company and its external actuaries
conducted a review of its loss and loss adjustment expense reserves to assess
the Company's reserve position. As a result of such review, the Company
recorded a charge to pre-tax earnings during the nine months ended September
30, 1995 of $125.0 million. Of
28
<PAGE>
this amount, $117.0 million related to loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves ($242.5 million before deducting reinsurance) and $8 million
represents an increase in reserves related to litigation proceedings against
the Company. Of the $117 million amount for loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves, adjustments of risks arising from (i) environmental claims
constitute $59.5 million ($125.5 million before deducting reinsurance), (ii)
assumed reinsurance claims constitute $13.1 million ($27.7 million before
deducting reinsurance), and (iii) increased losses from catastrophes reinsured
by Highlands (UK) constitute $12.0 million ($50.7 million before deducting
reinsurance). An additional $13.0 million ($13.0 million before deducting
reinsurance) was added to unallocated loss adjustment expense reserves to
reflect additional costs related to the settlement of claims and run-off costs
related to Highlands (UK), and the remaining $19.4 million ($25.6 million
before deducting reinsurance) reflects changes to reserves for unreported
losses in order to reflect the current evaluation of overall loss and loss
adjustment expense reserves. Each of these is discussed in more detail below.
Environmental Reserves (Including Asbestos). Approximately $59.5 million of
the increase in the net loss and loss adjustment expense reserves ($125.5
million before deducting reinsurance) of the Company is related to increased
provisions for environmental claims (including asbestos claims). Environmental
claims for this purpose are those claims arising from long term and other
exposure to asbestos and chemicals, and those claims arising from the handling
and/or disposal of pollutants such as chemicals and toxic waste. Also included
in the review of environmental matters for purposes of excess liability
policies was potential exposure relating to litigation over breast implants.
Highlands has a dedicated environmental claims unit responsible for handling
these types of claims.
Environmental claims have arisen in three of the Company's product lines,
two of which are Discontinued Lines described above. The ongoing product line
involving increased environmental loss exposure is the general liability
policies written by the Company as primary insurance provider for its various
commercial customers since 1965. The Discontinued Lines that are sources of
increased environmental claim exposure are the Company's umbrella/excess
liability program (as to which new underwriting activities ceased at the end
of 1985) and its participation in the assumed casualty reinsurance
marketplace, both in London (1972 through 1982) and the United States (most of
which were nonrenewed by the end of 1976).
The third quarter of 1995 reserve review reevaluated the Company's potential
environmental exposure, including a review of possible exposure under policies
provided to specific high-profile or "target" potential defendants (companies
identified as being primarily involved in the creation of environmental risks,
such as asbestos manufacturers), without regard to whether claims have been
reported under such policies; the segmentation of environmental and asbestos
data on the U.S. portion of assumed reinsurance; and the review and discussion
of the conclusions of the examination with the Company's external independent
actuaries.
The difficulties inherent in the establishment of loss and loss adjustment
expense reserves for property and casualty companies are magnified when
estimating exposure from environmental claims. Estimation of exposure in
regard to such claims involves a large number of variables which are difficult
to establish with precision, including determining the actual scope of
coverage under existing policies, fixing the date of an occurrence of a
covered loss, estimating the ultimate proportion of pollution clean-up costs
that will be borne by liable parties, evaluating the potential for and nature
of legislative relief and other similar items. The Company's historical
estimates of reserves for environmental claims for two of the Discontinued
Lines and the primary general liability line have relied primarily upon loss
payment and emergence patterns without regard to the year of occurrence
separated between asbestos and pollution claims. The assumptions employed in
the recent loss review involved lengthening the assumed loss payment and
emergence patterns for pollution claims, which resulted in increased indicated
reserves related to these claims across all three business product lines
affected by environmental risks.
Primary General Liability. The bulk of the Company's general liability
policies as primary insurer are written for companies headquartered in the
geographic region in which the Company's activities are focused (currently,
principally Texas and Louisiana). As a result of its regional focus and
typical customer profile (which has included relatively few large national
companies), the Company's primary general liability coverage has not included
many companies identified as principal "targets" of major environmental
litigation at this time. Certain
29
<PAGE>
of the Company's insureds do, however, have environmental and asbestos loss
exposure, even if not as a "target" defendant. One result of insuring
potential secondary defendants is that the likely exposure with regard to
environmental claims for these insureds takes longer to assess, because
claimants often exhaust the potential for recovery from "target" defendants
before actively pressing claims from defendants involved to a lesser degree in
the alleged pollution. The Company believes this to be true, particularly for
asbestos claims. The current adjustment to reserves for unreported losses for
asbestos claims relating to primary general liability operations recognizes
that the Company may experience a somewhat slower reporting pattern on these
claims due to the nature of the Company's exposure on policies written for
insureds that have been to date predominantly secondary defendants. The
overall increase to primary general liability reserves for environmental
claims was $8.0 million ($40.8 million before deducting reinsurance).
Umbrella Excess Liability. The Company's umbrella/excess liability program
consisted of participation in the overall U.S. excess liability marketplace
from 1969 through 1985. In general, larger enterprises were the purchasers of
high limits of excess liability protection. Consequently, the Company insured
many large industrial companies, some of which have or may become the
potential primary defendants with regard to significant environmental claims.
The inherent difficulty described above in estimating ultimate loss levels for
environmental claims is further complicated with regard to excess of loss
policies because the Company has no contractual exposure until the policy
limits of the insured's underlying coverage are reached. The loss threshold at
which coverage under the excess liability policies issued by the Company
commences ranged from $300,000 to in excess of $100 million. Accordingly,
estimation of the Company's loss exposure with regard to these policies also
involves a difficult evaluation of whether aggregate claims will be made (and
proven) under other insurers' policies to trigger the coverage threshold of
the policies issued by the Company. The third quarter of 1995 loss review
involved an evaluation of policies issued by the Company to approximately 85
insureds who were potential principal defendants for environmental claims
without regard to whether any claims had been filed under these policies. Also
included in the analysis was the identification of any policies for which the
Company might incur losses or loss adjustment expenses related to breast
implants. The resulting reserve increase on the umbrella/excess liability
program related to unreported losses for environmental and breast implant
claims was approximately $4.4 million ($23.0 million before deducting
reinsurance).
Assumed Reinsurance--London and U.S. Markets. Net environmental reserves
related to the London market were increased by approximately $11.8 million
($22.7 million before deducting reinsurance). The London market historically
has demonstrated very slow claim recognition, reporting and payment. The
increase in reserves stems primarily from a specific adjustment to the
reserves for unreported losses relating to London market claims based on the
application of asbestos payment and emergence patterns to the Company's
reported losses to date. In addition, the lengthening of loss payment and
emergence patterns for unreported pollution claims assumed in the loss reserve
review indicated the appropriateness of an increase in the reserve for
pollution claims.
In the U.S. market, the Company participated in approximately 200 assumed
casualty reinsurance contracts per year between 1969 and 1974 before the
product line was substantially discontinued. As a participant with other
reinsurers, the Company generally assumed a small percentage of each
reinsurance placement. The majority of the Company's exposure for
environmental claims on these agreements relates to risks reinsured in the
early to mid-1970s.
The information on these contracts currently provided to the Company by the
ceding companies varies substantially. Some companies provide individual claim
detail with clear identification of environmental claims as well as actuarial
estimates of ultimate loss levels. For other companies, very little (if any)
detail regarding individual claims is provided to the Company and
environmental claims are not separately identified. Some of the ceding
companies are no longer in business and the loss information is now provided
by a third-party that was not originally involved in the reinsurance
placement.
In past evaluations, reserves for U.S. assumed reinsurance contracts were
aggregated and the Company made no specific estimation or segregation of
reserves for environmental claims. During the first nine months of 1995, the
Company reviewed the individual treaties with the intent to segregate these
treaties into relevant groups for actuarial analysis, identified environmental
claims to the extent possible with existing information, compiled
30
<PAGE>
loss data related to pre-1973 periods and separately analyzed the resulting
treaty groups and environmental data. The treaties were divided into the two
groups: those as to which the Company has been able to identify environmental
claims and those as to which it has not been able to specifically identify
environmental claims.
As a result of this analysis, the Company increased the reserve (net of
reinsurance) for unreported losses relating to environmental claims for all of
the U.S. assumed casualty reinsurance agreements by $30.3 million ($34.0
million before deducting reinsurance). Of this amount, $20.3 million relates
to the group of treaties for which the Company has been able to identify
environmental claims. For the treaty group that currently does not explicitly
provide information to identify environmental claims, the Company has
established a net provision of $10.0 million ($13.7 million before deducting
reinsurance) for unreported environmental losses. This provision is based on
the likelihood that a significant portion of the current payments and incurred
loss emergence observed for this treaty group is related to environmental
claims activity. During the Company's third quarter of 1995 reserve review of
the U.S. assumed casualty reinsurance, it was noted that for contracts
reporting environmental claims, approximately 80% of the current year's
payments and reserve emergence were related to environmental claims. The
Company believes that the treaties not identifying environmental claims have a
lower exposure to these claims than the treaties that have reported
environmental claims and thus has assumed that approximately 50% of the
observed payments and reserve emergence on assumed casualty reinsurance
contracts not identifying environmental claims are actually related to
environmental claims activity. The Company has also assumed that the survival
ratios (outstanding reserves to average annual payments) for the treaties not
reporting environmental claims are similar to the survival ratios implied for
the treaty group reporting environmental claims. These assumptions combined
with the partial reliance on industry loss reporting patterns excluding
environmental and asbestos claims produced the $10.0 million reserve for
unreported environmental claims for this treaty group.
Due to the increases in reserve estimates for environmental claims, the
Company also increased unallocated loss adjustment expense reserves by $5.0
million in recognition of additional costs related to the settlement of these
claims. The 1995 Third Quarter Charge resulted in direct outstanding reserves
for environmental claims increasing by $75.5 million. This increase is related
to the primary general liability and the umbrella/excess liability programs.
The Company utilizes a traditional industry methodology for determining
unallocated loss adjustment expense reserves based on calendar year paid
unallocated loss adjustment expense to direct paid loss ratios, case and
incurred but not reported reserves outstanding and the 50/50 assumption (50%
of the unallocated loss adjustment expense is paid when a claim is opened and
50% is paid upon closing). Since unallocated loss adjustment expense has a
positive relationship with outstanding reserves, the $75.5 million reserve
increase indicated an additional $5.0 million of unallocated loss adjustment
expense reserve was appropriate.
Non-Environmental Exposure on Assumed Reinsurance, Catastrophe Losses and
Other Insurance Related Reserves. The Company also established an additional
reserve of $13.1 million ($27.7 million before deducting reinsurance) for
unreported losses relating to the non-environmental exposures for the two
assumed reinsurance treaty groups described above. This estimate was developed
in reliance upon historical emergence patterns for Highlands' assumed
reinsurance treaties, reported development patterns compiled by the
Reinsurance Association of America, actuarial estimates provided by the ceding
companies and management's judgment as to the likely effects of these factors
on the Company's loss exposure.
The remaining $44.4 million ($89.3 million before deducting reinsurance) of
the increase in reserves was spread over several lines of business. Included
in this amount was $13.0 million of additional unallocated loss adjustment
expense reserves, which were established primarily for additional costs
related to the settlement of claims and run-off costs related to Highlands
(UK). Loss reserves with regard to Highlands (UK) were increased by $12.0
million ($50.7 million before deducting reinsurance) in recognition of
continuing loss realization from catastrophes occurring in the 1987 through
1990 underwriting years. The remaining reserve increases were not related to
specific events, but were deemed to be appropriate adjustments to previous
reserve estimates in light of the most recent available data regarding
projected expected loss and loss adjustment expense from existing policies.
31
<PAGE>
Litigation Reserves. As indicated above, the Company increased its reserves
for litigation and administrative proceedings against the Company by $8.0
million during the third quarter of 1995 and by an additional $2.5 million in
the fourth quarter of 1995. In addition, litigation reserves were increased by
$2.0 million in 1996. See Item 3: "Legal Proceedings."
On May 15, 1991, Weatherford Roofing Company and other plaintiffs commenced
an action against Employers National Insurance Company in the 116th Texas
State District Court in Dallas County, Texas, alleging that they had been
overcharged for workers' compensation insurance. On April 23, 1992, the
plaintiffs amended their petition to allege a class action on behalf of all
employers overcharged for workers' compensation insurance purchased between
1987 and 1992 to cover Texas employees. On April 18, 1994, Highlands and
Highlands Underwriters Insurance Company were added to the action as named
defendants. The lawsuit, styled Weatherford Roofing Company, et al. v.
Employers National Insurance Company (Case No. 91-05637), alleges among other
things that the defendants conspired to charge rates of premium for
retrospectively rated insurance policies that exceeded rates then permitted
under applicable Texas law and regulations. On July 2, 1996, the named
plaintiffs and a group of 14 insurance company defendants, including the
Company, entered into a settlement agreement (the "Settlement Agreement"), and
said agreement has received preliminary approval of the court. Pursuant to the
terms of the Settlement Agreement, in July of 1996, notification of the
settlement was published in several Texas newspapers and mailed to all
insureds within the settlement class. The insureds that have elected to opt-
out of the settlement will not impact Highlands or terminate the Settlement
Agreement.
Final approval of the agreement settlement was granted by the court in the
fourth quarter of 1996 and the distribution of the settlement fund is now
expected to occur in the first quarter of 1997. The time to appeal the
approval of the Settlement Agreement has now expired. The Company's liability,
pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement, is not in excess of current
legal reserves and is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the
financial position of the Company.
In November 1988, the State of California adopted by ballot initiative
Proposition 103, a comprehensive system of regulation applicable to all
property and casualty insurance written in California. Proposition 103 does
not apply to workers' compensation insurance or reinsurance. Proposition 103
provided, among other things, that rates for automobile and certain other
insurance policies issued or renewed on or after November 8, 1988 be rolled
back to levels of November 8, 1987 and then reduced by an additional 20%. In
January 1995, the State of California Department of Insurance ("DOI") notified
the Company that it believed that the Company had a premium rollback
obligation to policyholders under Proposition 103. On April 18, 1995, the DOI
issued a Notice of Hearing Re Proposition 103 Rollback Exemption Application
In the Matter of the Rate Rollback Liability of Highlands and Highlands
Underwriters Insurance Company. Subsequent to the issuance of the Notice of
Hearing there was a Prehearing Conference Order and several motions regarding
the extent and nature of discovery. On June 30, 1995, Highlands and Highlands
Underwriters Insurance Company mailed a settlement offer to the Insurance
Commissioner of the State of California, which was rejected by the
Commissioner on July 18, 1995. In December of 1995, a decision was entered in
the matter of Amwest Surety Insurance Company v. Pete Wilson, et al. In that
case, the Supreme Court of the State of California determined that surety
insurance would be subject to Proposition 103. There were hearings pursuant to
the above-referenced Notice of Hearing during May and June of 1996 at which
the DOI asserted that the rollback obligation of Highlands and Highlands
Underwriters Insurance Company was $3.9 million, plus interest, for a total
amount of $6.5 million. In connection with such hearing, the administrative
law judge was expected to render a decision regarding the Company's rollback
liability during the last quarter of 1996. Subsequent to the June of 1996
hearing, the Company re-evaluated its legal reserves, and such reserves were
increased in the third quarter of 1996 by $1 million to reflect the Company's
current estimate of its most probable loss. Settlement negotiations occurred
during the fourth quarter of 1996, and as a result of the status of such
negotiations, legal reserves were increased $1 million in the fourth quarter
of 1996.
On February 3, 1997, this matter was settled for $5.7 million and such
amount is not in excess of current legal reserves and is not expected to have
a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company. The
settlement will be submitted to the Administrative Law Judge and the
Commissioner of Insurance for their approval, and the Company has no reason to
believe at this time that the settlement will not be approved. In the event
the settlement is not approved, the Company will continue to defend this
matter vigorously.
32
<PAGE>
The remaining portion of the legal reserves relates to various claims and
legal actions arising in the ordinary course of the Company's business.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company is a holding company, the principal assets of which are all of
the capital stock of Highlands and $47.0 million of fixed maturities and cash
and cash equivalent investments at December 31, 1996. The Company's property
and casualty insurance business is conducted by Highlands and the other
Insurance Subsidiaries. The liquidity and capital resource considerations for
the Company and its Insurance Subsidiaries are different.
Holding Company
Immediately following the Distribution, the Company issued $62.85 million in
principal amount of Debentures for $60.0 million in cash and $2.85 million of
notes. Of such proceeds, the Company invested $10.0 million in the U.S.
Insurance subsidiaries as a contribution to surplus, paid approximately $5.7
million in transactions fees and for reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses
incurred in connection with the issuance of the Debentures and Warrants and
retained the remaining approximately $44.4 million for general corporate
purposes.
Prior to the Distribution, the Company was included in the Halliburton
consolidated U.S. federal tax return. An intercompany tax-sharing arrangement
between the Company and Halliburton resulted in the Company receiving from or
paying to Halliburton a cash payment for U.S. federal income taxes based on
financial reporting (book) income rates that were determined by Halliburton.
The Company was not charged more U.S. federal income tax than it would have
paid on a separate return basis. Pursuant to SFAS 109, the Company provided
for income taxes on its statements of operations as if it had filed separate
tax returns in each taxing jurisdiction (separate return method). Differences
between income tax provisions calculated using the separate return method and
amounts calculated under the intercompany tax-sharing arrangements are
reflected as additions or reductions to stockholders' equity, as appropriate.
In 1996 the Company received from Halliburton and forwarded to its Insurance
Subsidiaries approximately $42.2 million in cash related to the tax benefit of
the significant tax losses incurred in 1995 which are utilizable by
Halliburton.
The tax-sharing agreement resulted in Halliburton acquiring the domestic
deferred tax assets and liabilities from its U.S. subsidiaries. In
contemplation of Halliburton's distribution of the Company's shares,
Halliburton contributed to the Company in 1995 the net deferred tax assets
attributable to the Company which the Company recorded as a contribution to
capital. Based on the tax-free nature of the spin off, the deferred tax asset
attributes are available to the Company.
The Company's other principal sources of funds are dividend and tax sharing
payments from Highlands, if any, and funds that may be raised from time to
time from the issuance of additional debt or equity securities. The payment of
dividends by Highlands is subject to restrictions and limitations imposed by
the insurance laws of the State of Texas. The maximum dividend payable by
Highlands in 1997 without approval is approximately $18.0 million. Both the
issuance of additional debt and the issuance of additional equity securities
at a price less than current market price would require the consent of the
holders of a majority in interest of the Debentures pursuant to the covenants
contained in the Debentures.
As a holding company, the Company's principal requirements for funds are to
pay operating expenses, to pay franchise and other taxes, to pay debt service
and to pay dividends. Operating expenses and franchise and other taxes imposed
on the Company are not expected to be material. The annual cash interest
requirements relating to the debentures will be approximately $6.0 million.
The Company does not currently intend to pay dividends on the Company Common
Stock. In light of the Company's corporate strategy, an additional use of
funds may be to invest in other insurance companies or other insurance
operations.
On June 21, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire Vik
Brothers Insurance, Inc. ("VBII"). VBII is an insurance holding company that
primarily writes commercial property and casualty business for small to medium
sized companies and, to a lesser extent, personal lines business.
33
<PAGE>
On February 13, 1997, the Company signed an amended and restated agreement
and plan of merger which revised the terms of the agreement originally entered
into June 21, 1996. On March 10, 1997, the Company entered into an amendment
to the February 13, 1997 agreement. Under the revised terms, the Company will
acquire VBII for aggregate consideration of approximately $97 million
consisting of the issuance of 1.4 million shares of Company Common Stock
valued at $21.50 per share representing 12.5% of the then outstanding Company
Common Stock, the refinancing of $40 million in debt, the issuance of $21.4
million of preferred stock and $4 million of cash.
Following completion of the acquisition, the Company intends to contribute
up to a maximum of $42 million of capital to the VBII insurance subsidiaries,
which will be funded by $25 million of additional debt and $17 million in
cash. The Company is currently negotiating a $65 million revolving credit
facility in connection with this acquisition.
Consummation of the acquisition is subject to certain consents, waivers or
other agreements from certain securityholders of VBII and other third parties,
as well as regulatory approval. The transaction is expected to be completed in
the second quarter of 1997.
Insurance Subsidiaries
Insurance Operations. The principal sources of funds for the Insurance
Subsidiaries are premiums and amounts earned from the investment of such
premiums. The principal uses of funds by these subsidiaries are the payment of
claims and related expenses, underwriting expenses, other operating expenses
and dividends and tax sharing payments to the Company.
In the insurance industry, liquidity refers to the ability of an enterprise
to generate adequate amounts of cash from its normal operations, including
from its investment portfolio, in order to meet its financial commitments,
which are principally obligations under the insurance policies it has written.
Liquidity requirements of insurance companies are influenced significantly by
product mix. Future catastrophe claims, the timing and amount of which are
inherently unpredictable, may create increased liquidity requirements for the
Insurance Subsidiaries.
The liquidity requirements of the Insurance Subsidiaries are met by that
portion of the investment portfolio that is held in cash and highly liquid
short-and intermediate-term securities. Prior to the Distribution, liquidity
requirements of the Insurance Subsidiaries were also provided for by the
payments made by Halliburton to the Company and the Insurance Subsidiaries
under the income tax sharing arrangements for losses generated by the Company
and its subsidiaries. These tax sharing arrangements were terminated in
connection with the Distribution and resulted in the Insurance Subsidiaries
receiving $42.2 million from Halliburton in 1996.
In 1994, Highlands (UK) had a liability of $21.5 million for cash advances
received from an affiliate of Halliburton. During 1994, this liability was
exchanged for a capital contribution to Highlands (UK). Accordingly, the
Company recorded additional paid-in capital of $21.5 million in 1994.
Statutory Surplus. Maintenance of appropriate levels of statutory surplus of
the Company's U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries is a primary objective of the
Company and is also important to regulatory authorities and rating agencies.
In addition, increased public and regulatory concerns regarding the financial
stability of participants in the insurance industry have caused greater
emphasis to be placed by current and potential customers upon the ratings
assigned to property and casualty insurance companies. Each of the U.S.
Insurance Subsidiaries and Highlands have been assigned an "A-" (Excellent)
rating by A.M. Best.
The NAIC has adopted risk based capital ("RBC") requirements that require
insurance companies to calculate and report information under a risk-based
formula which measures statutory capital and surplus needs based on a
regulatory definition of risk with respect to a company's mix of products and
its balance sheet. Highlands' authorized control level RBC, as defined by the
NAIC, was $56.6 million on December 31, 1996 which was substantially below
Highlands' existing capital of $187.0 million. The other U.S. Insurance
Subsidiaries have an RBC amount above the authorized control level RBC as
defined by the NAIC.
34
<PAGE>
The NAIC's Insurance Regulatory Information System ("IRIS") was developed by
a committee of state insurance regulators primarily to assist state insurance
departments in executing their statutory mandate to oversee the financial
condition of insurance companies operating in their respective states. IRIS
helps to identify those companies that merit the highest priority in the
allocation of the regulators' resources on the basis of eleven financial
ratios which are calculated annually from financial information obtained from
insurers' statutory annual statements. A "usual range" of results for each
ratio is used as a benchmark. The ratios and benchmark comparisons are
calculated within defined parameters and are not intended to replace the
Insurance Commissioners' own in-depth financial analysis or on-site
examinations. Departure from the usual range on four or more of the ratios
could lead to inquiries from individual Commissioners.
An annual range of ratio results has been established from studies of the
ratios for companies that have become insolvent or have experienced financial
difficulties falling outside the usual range. The analytical phase is a review
of annual statements and the financial ratios. Companies that receive
financial ratio values outside the usual range generally are analyzed in order
to identify those companies that appear to require immediate regulatory
attention. A more comprehensive review of the ratio results in an insurer's
annual statement is performed later to confirm that an insurer's situation in
fact calls for increased and closer regulatory attention. If the review
confirms that the insurer's situation should be accorded the highest priority
in the Insurance Commissioner's surveillance process, the insurer receives a
"first priority" designation. Highlands received "first priority" designation
as a result of the review of its financial ratio results and statutory annual
statements for 1995. The primary reason Highlands received a "first priority"
designation was due to the large reserve increase it recorded in 1995.
Highlands' statutory surplus decreased by $75.4 million in 1995, principally
as a result of a third quarter charge (see "1995 Third Quarter Charge"), and
was $178.7 million as of December 31, 1995.
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the
Company's statutory surplus (U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries) at the dates
indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------
1996 1995 1994
------ ----- -----
(DOLLARS IN
MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Statutory surplus................................... $188.5 180.0 258.0
Net premiums written to surplus ratio............... 0.8x 1.1x 0.9x
</TABLE>
Reinsurance Receivables. The Company monitors the financial condition of the
reinsurance companies with which it places significant reinsurance coverage
and strives to place current reinsurance coverages with financially sound
reinsurance companies. In the past, the Company has placed reinsurance
coverage with several hundred reinsurance companies. It monitors the financial
condition of many of such companies only on a periodic basis. A number of such
companies are in run-off or have ceased writing reinsurance and some have
become insolvent. The Company's ability to monitor the financial condition of
some reinsurance companies is limited because of the difficulty of acquiring
accurate information.
Based on the Company's evaluation of the financial condition of its
reinsurers, the Company has established reserves for potentially uncollectible
reinsurance which amounted to $2.4 million and $4.6 million as of December 31,
1996 and 1995, respectively. Additionally, the Company has retained net $20.1
million and $18.6 million of ceded reserves related to potentially
uncollectible reinsurance at December 31, 1996 and 1995. With respect to
carriers that are not authorized reinsurers as determined by the Texas
Department of Insurance, the Company often receives collateral primarily in
the form of bank letters of credit generally securing the reinsurance
recoverable regarding reported losses and in some instances unreported losses.
At December 31, 1996 such collateral totaled approximately $14.8 million. The
Company's three largest reinsurance recoverable exposures at December 31, 1996
were approximately $111.2 million with underwriting syndicates at Lloyds
(Highlands (U.K.) $90.2 million and U.S. Insurance Subsidiaries $21.0
million), $84.2 million with American Re-insurance Company and $55.0 million
with General Reinsurance Company. American Re-insurance Company and General
Reinsurance Company are rated by A. M. Best and carry "A+" and "A++" ratings,
respectively.
35
<PAGE>
ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA.
The Consolidated Financial Statements are set forth herein beginning on page
43 of this Report.
ITEM 9: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
On August 30, 1996, the Board of Directors of the Company, retained KPMG
Peat Marwick LLP ("KPMG") as its principal accountant in lieu of Arthur
Andersen LLP ("Arthur Andersen"). The decision to change accountants was
recommended by the Audit Committee and approved by the Board of Directors of
the Company.
During the two most recent fiscal years and subsequent interim periods
preceding the retention of KPMG, there were no disagreements between the
Company and Arthur Andersen on accounting and financial disclosure matters.
There have been no disagreements with KPMG on accounting and financial
disclosure matters since the retention of KPMG.
ITEM 10: DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Except for the information provided in Part I under the heading "Directors
and Executive Officers of the Registrant", this item is omitted because a
definitive proxy statement which involves the election of directors will be
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days
after the close of the fiscal year, and which is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
This item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement which involves the
election of directors will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year, and
which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12: SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS & MANAGEMENT
This item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement which involves the
election of directors will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year, and
which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
This item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement which involves the
election of directors will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year, and
which is incorporated herein by reference.
36
<PAGE>
PART IV
ITEM 14: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Financial Statements--The Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedules
are listed in the Index to Financial Statements on page 40 and are filed as
part of this Report.
(b) Exhibits
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION
------- --------------------
<C> <S>
+3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
+3.2 Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant
+4.1 Form of Stock Certificate of Common Stock (See also Exhibits 3.1 and
3.2)
+4.2 Form of 10% Convertible Subordinated Debentures Due December 31, 2005
+4.3 Form of Common Stock Subscription Warrant, Series A
+4.4 Form of Common Stock Subscription Warrant, Series B
+4.5 Form of 10% Convertible Subordinated Debentures Due December 31, 2005,
Series 2
+4.6 Form of Common Stock Subscription Warrant, Series A-2
+4.7 Form of Common Stock Subscription Warrant, Series B-2
+10.1 Distribution Agreement among Halliburton and the Registrant dated as
of October 10, 1995 (exhibits omitted)
+10.2 Investment Agreement among the Registrant, Halliburton and the
Investors, dated as of October 10, 1995 (exhibits and schedules
omitted)
+10.3 Form of Tax Agreement
+10.4 Form of Insurance Products and Services Agreement (schedules omitted)
+10.5 Form of Employee Benefit Matters Agreement
+10.6 Form of Transition Agreement
+10.7 Form of Registration Rights Agreement to be entered into among
Insurance Partners, L.P., Insurance Partners Offshore (Bermuda), L.P.
and the Registrant
+10.8 Form of 1995 Stock Option Plan
+10.9 Form of Employment Agreement to be entered into between the Registrant
and Richard M. Haverland
+10.10 Lease Agreement dated as of May 14, 1990 between Highlands Insurance
Company and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, including First
Amendment thereto dated February 12, 1991; Second Amendment thereto
dated May 17, 1991; Third Amendment thereto dated October 22, 1992;
Fourth Amendment thereto dated June 4, 1993; Fifth Amendment thereto
dated December 14, 1993; Sixth Amendment thereto dated May 16, 1994;
and Seventh Amendment thereto dated August 25, 1995
+10.11 Form of Indemnification Agreement to be entered into between the
Registrant and each of its directors
+10.12 Severance Agreement dated as of August 18, 1992 between Harold Duble
and Halliburton, as amended April 1, 1995
+10.13 Form of Severance Agreements entered into between Halliburton and
Messrs. Michael A. Weberpal, Charles J. Bachand, W. Dale Montgomery
and Robert M. Stephens.
+10.14 Form of 1995 Directors' Stock Plan
+10.15 Amendatory Agreement dated as of November 9, 1995 among the Company,
Halliburton, the Investors, Robert A. Spass and Bradley E. Cooper
(amending the Investment Agreement)
+10.16 Form of note to be issued in consideration for the issuance by the
Registrant of 10% Convertible Subordinated Debentures Due December 31,
2005, Series 2, Common Stock Subscription Warrants, Series A-2, and
Common Stock Subscription Warrants, Series B-2
+10.17 Form of pledge agreement to secure the note filed as Exhibit 10.16
+10.18 Form of Purchase, Redemption and Bonus Agreement to be entered into
between the Company and the Management Investors with respect to the
Management Securities
11.1 Statement re computation of per share earnings
21.1 List of Subsidiaries
</TABLE>
37
<PAGE>
- --------
+ Incorporated by reference to the Company's registration statement on Form 10
as filed with the Commission on January 4, 1996.
(c) Reports on Form 8-K
The Registrant filed a Form 8-K Current Report, dated November 30, 1996
pertaining to the Registrant's press release reporting the results of
operations for the three months ended September 30, 1996, and certain other
selected financial data.
38
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Highland Insurance Group, Inc.
/s/ Richard M. Haverland
By:__________________________________
Richard M. Haverland,
Chairman, President and Chief
Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ Richard M. Haverland Chairman, President and March 21, 1997
____________________________________ Chief Executive Officer
Richard M. Haverland
/s/ Charles J. Bachand Vice President, Treasurer March 21, 1997
____________________________________ and Principal Accounting
Charles J. Bachand Officer
/s/ Robert A. Spass Director March 21, 1997
____________________________________
Robert A. Spass
/s/ Bradley E. Cooper Director March 21, 1997
____________________________________
Bradley E. Cooper
/s/ W. Bernard Pieper Director March 21, 1997
____________________________________
W. Bernard Pieper
/s/ Kenneth S. Crews Director March 21, 1997
____________________________________
Kenneth S. Crews
/s/ Philip J. Hawk Director March 21, 1997
____________________________________
Philip J. Hawk
/s/ Robert W. Shower Director March 21, 1997
____________________________________
Robert W. Shower
</TABLE>
39
<PAGE>
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Audited Financial Statements
Reports of Independent Public Accountants................................ 41
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1995............. 43
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994..................................................... 44
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994........................................ 45
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994..................................................... 46
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................... 47
Financial Statement Schedules
Summary of Investments Other Than Investments in Related Parties--
December 31, 1996....................................................... 65
Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company only):
Condensed Balance Sheets--December 31, 1996 and 1995..................... 66
Condensed Statements of Operations--Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995
and 1994................................................................ 67
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows--Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995
and 1994................................................................ 68
Supplemental Insurance Information--Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995
and 1994................................................................ 69
Reinsurance--Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994................ 70
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts--Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995
and 1994................................................................ 71
Supplemental Information (for Property-Casualty Insurance Operations)--
Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994............................ 72
</TABLE>
40
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors,
Highlands Insurance Group, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Highlands
Insurance Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 1996
and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity
and cash flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial
statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Highlands
Insurance Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and the results
of their operations and their cash flows for year then ended in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles.
Our audit was made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic
financial statements taken as a whole. The schedules listed in Index to
Financial Statements and Schedules are presented for the purpose of complying
with the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and are not part of the
basic financial statements. These schedules have been subjected to the
auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements
and, in our opinion, fairly state in all material respects the financial data
required to be set forth therein in relation to the basic financial statements
taken as a whole.
KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP
Houston, Texas
February 25, 1997
41
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors,
Highlands Insurance Group, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Highlands
Insurance Group, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 1995 and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for
each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 1995. These
consolidated financial statements and the schedules referred to below are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedules based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Highlands
Insurance Group, Inc. as of December 31, 1995 and the results of its
operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period
ended December 31, 1995 in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
Our audits were made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic
financial statements taken as a whole. Schedules II, III, IV, V and VI are
presented for purposes of complying with the Securities and Exchange
Commission's rules and are not a required part of the basic financial
statements. These schedules have been subjected to the auditing procedures
applied in the audits of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion,
fairly state in all material respects the financial data required to be set
forth therein in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole.
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
Houston, Texas
March 8, 1996
42
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 1996 AND 1995
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities:
Available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of
$320,909 in 1996 and $216,093 in 1995)................. $ 324,905 227,509
Held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of
$367,446 in 1996 and $396,729 in 1995)................. 355,492 374,364
Equity securities, at fair value (cost of $26,293 in
1996 and $31,966 in 1995).............................. 26,967 33,697
Other invested assets, at cost.......................... 3,770 --
---------- ---------
Total investments..................................... 711,134 635,570
Cash and cash equivalents................................. 49,484 85,176
Premiums in course of collection, net..................... 24,048 40,959
Premiums due under retrospective policies................. 121,276 134,428
Receivable from reinsurers................................ 556,900 602,380
Funds on deposit with reinsurers.......................... 14,456 15,449
Deferred taxes............................................ 37,126 29,534
Receivable from former affiliates......................... 250 41,255
Accrued investment income................................. 12,600 11,131
Deferred policy acquisition costs......................... 6,436 11,744
Other assets.............................................. 32,321 28,465
---------- ---------
Total assets.......................................... $1,566,031 1,636,091
========== =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves................. $1,156,824 1,253,627
Unearned premiums......................................... 31,474 52,571
Convertible subordinated debentures....................... 55,452 --
Funds held................................................ 16,475 22,702
Payable to former affiliates.............................. -- 676
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities.................. 42,331 39,405
---------- ---------
Total liabilities..................................... 1,302,556 1,368,981
---------- ---------
Commitments and contingent liabilities
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares
authorized, 11,448,208 shares issued and outstanding in
1996 ($1,000 par value; 10,000 shares authorized, 1,000
shares issued and outstanding in 1995)................. 114 1,000
Additional paid-in capital.............................. 192,273 184,168
Net unrealized gain on investments...................... 3,036 8,547
Retained earnings....................................... 68,052 73,395
---------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity............................ 263,475 267,110
---------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity............ $1,566,031 1,636,091
========== =========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral
part of these statements.
43
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER COMMON SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
-------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Net premiums earned............................. $152,048 201,446 241,676
Net investment income........................... 50,988 48,529 46,720
Net realized investment gains................... 1,199 2,618 1,910
-------- -------- -------
Total revenues................................ 204,235 252,593 290,306
-------- -------- -------
Expenses:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred.... 156,589 300,253 224,315
Underwriting expenses........................... 56,487 73,905 65,022
Interest expense and debt amortization.......... 6,903 -- --
Other expenses (income), net.................... 1,697 (823) (1,314)
-------- -------- -------
Total expenses................................ 221,676 373,335 288,023
-------- -------- -------
Income (loss) before income tax benefit........... (17,441) (120,742) 2,283
Income tax benefit................................ 12,098 -- --
-------- -------- -------
Net income (loss)................................. $ (5,343) (120,742) 2,283
======== ======== =======
Net income (loss) per common share and common
stock equivalents.............................. $ (.47) (10.55) .20
======== ======== =======
Weighted average number of common shares and
common stock equivalents outstanding........... 11,448 11,448 11,448
======== ======== =======
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral
part of these statements.
44
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
-------- --------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Common Stock:
Balance, beginning of year...................... $ 1,000 1,000 1,000
Change in par value of common stock............ (886) -- --
-------- --------- -------
Balance, end of year............................ 114 1,000 1,000
-------- --------- -------
Additional paid-in capital:
Balance, beginning of year...................... 184,168 110,803 84,261
Addition resulting from issuance of convertible
subordinated debentures with detachable common
stock warrants................................ 7,439 -- --
Change in par value of common stock............ 886 -- --
Contribution from former parent:
Net current tax asset......................... 7,723 39,229 5,064
Net deferred tax asset........................ (7,943) 34,136 --
Investment in Highlands (UK) by former
affiliate.................................... -- -- 21,478
-------- --------- -------
Balance, end of year............................ 192,273 184,168 110,803
-------- --------- -------
Net unrealized gain (loss) on investments:
Balance, beginning of year...................... 8,547 (10,132) 11,685
Changes in net unrealized (loss) gain, net of
applicable federal income tax................. (5,511) 18,679 (21,817)
-------- --------- -------
Balance, end of year............................ 3,036 8,547 (10,132)
-------- --------- -------
Retained earnings:
Balance, beginning of year...................... 73,395 194,137 191,854
Net income (loss).............................. (5,343) (120,742) 2,283
-------- --------- -------
Balance, end of year............................ 68,052 73,395 194,137
-------- --------- -------
Total stockholders' equity....................... $263,475 267,110 295,808
======== ========= =======
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral
part of these statements.
45
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss).............................. $ (5,343) (120,742) 2,283
-------- -------- --------
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
net cash (used in) provided by operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization................. (152) 455 769
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs... 5,308 106 (5,807)
Net realized investment gains................. (1,199) (2,618) (1,910)
Decrease in premiums in course of collection.. 16,911 25,513 5,960
Decrease (increase) in premiums due under
retrospective policies....................... 13,152 (4,811) 12,933
Decrease (increase) in receivables from
reinsurers................................... 45,480 (40,906) 60,999
Decrease in funds on deposit with reinsurers.. 993 4,841 3,831
Increase in deferred taxes.................... (12,098) -- --
Advances from (payments to) former affiliates,
net.......................................... 801 (1,949) 1,251
(Decrease) increase in loss and loss
adjustment expense reserves.................. (96,803) 104,454 (76,069)
(Decrease) increase in unearned premiums...... (21,097) 1,393 (2,325)
(Decrease)increase in funds held.............. (6,227) 1,263 862
Change in other operating assets and
liabilities.................................. 7,633 23,415 5,771
-------- -------- --------
Total adjustments........................... (47,298) 111,156 6,265
-------- -------- --------
Net cash (used in) provided by operating
activities................................. (52,641) (9,586) 8,548
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sales--
Fixed maturity securities available for sale.. -- 7,075 40,609
Equity securities............................. 4,726 8,064 839
Maturities or calls--
Fixed maturity securities available for sale.. 27,168 19,324 71,708
Fixed maturity securities held to maturity.... 40,162 45,591 32,692
Investment purchases--
Fixed maturity securities available for sale.. (131,559) (46,923) (139,918)
Fixed maturity securities held to maturity.... (20,220) (7,700) (17,062)
Equity securities............................. (2,282) (4,064) (5,815)
Purchases of property and equipment............ (1,531) (675) (995)
Sales of property and equipment................ 194 29 1,295
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary, net...... 22 -- --
Cash returned by former affiliates, net........ 3,800 418 16,667
-------- -------- --------
Net cash (used in) provided by investing
activities................................. (79,520) 21,139 20
-------- -------- --------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of convertible
subordinated debentures...................... 60,000 -- --
Payment for debt issuance expense............. (5,705) -- --
Contribution from former parent of net current
tax asset.................................... 42,174 20,834 2,888
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by financing activities... 96,469 20,834 2,888
-------- -------- --------
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash
equivalents.................................... (35,692) 32,387 11,456
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year.. 85,176 52,789 41,333
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year........ $ 49,484 85,176 52,789
======== ======== ========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow
information:
Interest paid................................. $ 5,639 -- --
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral
part of these statements.
46
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Basis of Reporting and Operations
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of
Highlands Insurance Group, Inc., (HIC) and its subsidiaries (the Company). The
Company is an insurance holding company for Highlands Insurance Company
(Highlands) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries including Highlands Lloyds, a
controlled insurance affiliate, Highlands Insurance Company (U.K.) Limited
(Highlands UK) (a foreign reinsurance company located in the United Kingdom)
and certain other insignificant companies. All material intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated.
HIC was wholly-owned by Halliburton Company (Halliburton) until January 23,
1996 when Halliburton distributed all of the outstanding shares of common
stock of HIC to holders of record of common stock of Halliburton on January 4,
1996 (the Distribution). Holders of record received one share of common stock
of HIC for every ten shares of common stock of Halliburton held on that date.
Approximately 11.4 million common shares of HIC were issued in conjunction
with the Distribution.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Net Premiums Earned
Insurance premiums on property/casualty insurance contracts are generally
earned ratably over the terms of the policies after estimated adjustments for
retrospectively rated policies and a deduction for ceded insurance.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves are based on (a) case basis
estimates for claims reported on direct business, adjusted in the aggregate
for ultimate loss expectations, (b) estimates of incurred but not reported
(IBNR) claims based upon past experience, (c) estimates of assumed insurance
losses, (d) estimates of future expenses to be incurred in settlement of
claims and (e) estimates of claim recoveries. In establishing these estimates,
consideration is given to current conditions and trends as well as past
Company and industry experience.
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves are based on estimates, and the
ultimate liability may vary significantly from such estimates (see note 8).
Any adjustments that are made to the reserves are reflected in the
consolidated statements of operations in the year such adjustments are known.
Deferred Acquisition Costs
Costs of acquiring insurance business which vary with and are primarily
related to the production of such business are deferred. Such costs include
commissions, premium taxes and certain underwriting and policy issuance costs.
Deferred acquisition costs are amortized ratably over the period the related
premiums are earned. Anticipated investment income and business line
profitability is considered in the determination of the recoverability of
deferred acquisition costs.
Investments
Investments classified as held to maturity are carried at amortized cost.
This classification is based upon the Company's intent and ability to hold
these securities to full maturity. Investments classified as available for
sale are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on available for
sale investments are reported as a separate
47
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
component of stockholders' equity, net of applicable deferred taxes. The
Company continually monitors the difference between the cost and estimated
fair value of the investments. When impairment of the value of an investment
is considered other than temporary, the decrease in value is reported in
earnings as a realized investment loss and a new cost basis is established.
Fixed income securities may be sold to take advantage of investment
opportunities generated by changing interest rates, prepayments and tax and
credit considerations, as part of the Company's assets/liability strategy, or
for similar factors. As a result, the Company considers a portion of its fixed
income securities (bonds and redeemable preferred stocks) and all equity
securities as available for sale. The amortized cost of debt securities is
adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to expected
maturity. Such amortization is included in net investment income.
Foreign Operations
Most of the Company's foreign premium income comes from the London insurance
market which is characterized by long delays in reporting of both premium and
loss information. Profits or losses from foreign business are generally
recognized based on projections of ultimate premiums and losses.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company defines cash equivalents as short-term, highly liquid
investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash. In general,
only investments with original maturities of three months or less qualify as
cash equivalents.
Debt Issuance Costs
Deferred financing and related costs consist of capitalized fees associated
with the issuance of $62.85 million in principal amount of 10% convertible
subordinated debentures (Debentures). These costs include underwriting, legal
and accounting fees. Debt issuance costs of $4.9 million were capitalized in
connection with the issuance of the Debentures and are amortized on the
straight line basis and charged to income over 10 years.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Primary net income (loss) per share amounts are based upon the weighted
average number of common stock shares and common stock equivalents, common
stock warrants and options, outstanding during the period. Fully diluted net
income (loss) per share amounts are based upon the weighted average number of
common stock shares and common stock equivalents outstanding during the period
and the effects of converting the Debentures. The effects of common stock
equivalents and the conversion of the Debentures are considered to be
antidilutive for all periods presented and, therefore, the effects are not
reflected in either primary or fully diluted net income (loss) per share
amounts. The income (loss) per share amounts for the year ended December 31,
1995 and 1994 are based upon the 11,448,208 shares of common stock that were
distributed and outstanding immediately following the Distribution.
Certain Risks and Uncertainties
The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions as of the date of the financial statements that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as well as disclosures
of contingent assets and liabilities. Management must make estimates and
assumptions that affect amounts of revenues and expenses, primarily losses and
loss adjustment expenses incurred for the reporting period. Management must
also make estimates and assumptions in determining reinsurance collectibility
and in determining litigation accruals. Actual results could differ from these
estimates. Future events, which could impact the estimates used in these
financial statements, include inflationary pressures that may tend to affect
the size of losses, judicial, legislative and regulatory decisions affecting
insurers' liabilities and fluctuations in interest rates.
48
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Accounting Standards
In March 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121 "Accounting for the
Impairment of Long-lived Assets and for Long-lived Assets to Be Disposed Of"
(SFAS 121). This statement requires that long-lived assets and certain
identifiable intangibles be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable and an impairment loss must be recognized. The adoption of this
statement was effective January 1, 1996 and did not have an impact on the
results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.
In October 1995, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" (SFAS 123). SFAS 123
establishes accounting and reporting standards for stock-based employee
compensation plans. SFAS 123 recommends but does not require entities to adopt
the fair value based method of accounting for all employee stock compensation
plans, under which compensation cost is measured based on the fair value of
the award at the grant date and recognized over the vesting period. Entities
may continue to account for these plans using the intrinsic value based method
of accounting, under which compensation cost is measured as the excess, if
any, of the quoted market price of the stock at the grant date over the amount
an employee must pay to acquire the stock. Entities not adopting the fair
value based method must present proforma disclosures of net income and
earnings per share as if the fair value method of accounting had been applied.
The Company has elected to use the intrinsic value based method of accounting
effective for the year ended December 31, 1996 financial statements.
Reclassification
Certain items in the December 31, 1995 and 1994 consolidated financial
statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year's
presentation.
Gross premiums and net premiums written have been redefined for all periods
presented to include the effects of changes in premiums due under
retrospective policies. Such changes were previously recorded only as net
premiums earned.
2. BUSINESS ACQUISITION
Pending Acquisition
On June 21, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire Vik
Brothers Insurance, Inc. (VBII). VBII is an insurance holding company that
primarily writes commercial property and casualty business for small to medium
sized companies and, to a lesser extent, personal lines business.
On February 13, 1997, the Company signed an amended and restated agreement
and plan of merger which revised the terms of the agreement originally entered
into June 21, 1996. Under the revised terms, the Company will acquire VBII for
aggregate consideration of approximately $97 million consisting of the
issuance of 1.6 million shares of HIC common stock valued at $21.50 per share
representing 12.5% of the then outstanding common stock, the assumption of $40
million in debt and issuance of $21.4 million of preferred stock.
Following completion of the acquisition, the Company intends to contribute
up to a maximum of $42 million of capital to the VBII insurance subsidiaries,
which will be funded by $25 million of additional debt and $17 million in
cash. The Company is currently negotiating a $65 million revolving credit
facility in connection with this acquisition.
Consummation of the acquisition is subject to certain consents, waivers or
other agreements from certain securityholders of VBII and other third parties,
as well as regulatory approval. The transaction is expected to be completed in
the second quarter of 1997.
49
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
3. INVESTMENTS AND INVESTMENT INCOME
Net Investment Income
Net investment income for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
is comprised of the following (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
------- ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Gross investment income:
Fixed maturity securities............................... $43,558 43,500 41,742
Equity securities....................................... 2,180 2,441 2,248
Short-term investments.................................. 5,807 3,197 3,926
Other invested assets................................... 54 -- --
------- ------ ------
Gross investment income............................... 51,599 49,138 47,916
Investment expenses..................................... 611 609 1,196
------- ------ ------
Net investment income................................. $50,988 48,529 46,720
======= ====== ======
</TABLE>
The following is a summary of available for sale and held to maturity
securities at December 31, 1996 and 1995 (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GROSS
UNREALIZED
AMORTIZED ------------- FAIR
COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE
--------- ------ ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
At December 31, 1996--
Fixed maturities available for sale:
United States Government and government
agencies................................... $141,767 1,521 (903) 142,385
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions............................... 31,920 1,683 (3) 33,600
Mortgage-backed securities.................. 25,742 304 (764) 25,282
Corporate securities........................ 115,914 2,647 (723) 117,838
Sinking fund preferred stock................ 5,566 248 (14) 5,800
-------- ------ ------ -------
320,909 6,403 (2,407) 324,905
Equity securities............................ 26,293 1,015 (341) 26,967
-------- ------ ------ -------
$347,202 7,418 (2,748) 351,872
======== ====== ====== =======
Fixed maturities held to maturity:
United States Government and government
agencies................................... $ 10,041 3 (87) 9,957
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions............................... 189,512 15,197 (1) 204,708
Mortgage-backed securities.................. 88,209 876 (2,181) 86,904
Foreign governments......................... 12,862 29 -- 12,891
Corporate securities........................ 54,868 212 (2,094) 52,986
-------- ------ ------ -------
$355,492 16,317 (4,363) 367,446
======== ====== ====== =======
At December 31, 1995--
Fixed maturities available for sale:
United States Government and government
agencies................................... $ 69,636 3,143 -- 72,779
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions............................... 38,499 2,459 -- 40,958
Mortgage-backed securities.................. 26,812 899 (565) 27,146
Corporate securities........................ 73,720 5,137 (4) 78,853
Sinking fund preferred stock................ 7,426 362 (15) 7,773
-------- ------ ------ -------
216,093 12,000 (584) 227,509
Equity securities............................ 31,966 1,996 (265) 33,697
-------- ------ ------ -------
$248,059 13,996 (849) 261,206
======== ====== ====== =======
Fixed maturities held to maturity:
United States Government and government
agencies................................... $ 4,498 110 -- 4,608
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions............................... 217,712 20,504 (3) 238,213
Mortgage-backed securities.................. 87,392 2,071 (718) 88,745
Foreign governments......................... 2,395 26 -- 2,421
Corporate securities........................ 62,367 1,494 (1,119) 62,742
-------- ------ ------ -------
$374,364 24,205 (1,840) 396,729
======== ====== ====== =======
</TABLE>
50
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The Company is not a trader in bonds and has classified investments into two
categories: available for sale and held to maturity.
The fair value of investments is based on quoted market prices, where
available, or quotes from external pricing sources such as brokers for those
or similar investments and issues. With the exception of the United States
Governments the Company has no investment in any one individual security
issuer exceeding 10 percent of total assets.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities at December 31,
1996, by contractual maturity, are presented below (in thousands). Actual
maturities may differ from contractual maturities as securities may be
restructured, called or prepaid. Securities with multiple maturity dates are
disclosed separately rather than allocated over several maturity groupings.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMORTIZED FAIR
COST VALUE
--------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Available for sale:
Within one year....................................... $ 25,773 25,805
After one year through five years..................... 52,113 53,235
After five years through ten years.................... 76,558 79,001
After ten years....................................... 135,157 135,782
Mortgage-backed securities............................ 25,742 25,282
-------- -------
$315,343 319,105
======== =======
Held to maturity:
Within one year....................................... $ 48,425 47,020
After one year through five years..................... 72,760 76,800
After five years through ten years.................... 59,361 64,024
After ten years....................................... 86,737 92,698
Mortgage-backed securities............................ 88,209 86,904
-------- -------
$355,492 367,446
======== =======
</TABLE>
The change in net unrealized capital gains and losses on investments
available for sale is as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER
31,
------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------- ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed maturity securities..................... $(7,420) 17,999 (16,281)
Equity securities............................. (1,057) 5,282 (5,536)
Deferred income taxes......................... 2,966 (4,602) --
------- ------ -------
Change in net unrealized capital gains and
losses, net of tax......................... $(5,511) 18,679 (21,817)
======= ====== =======
</TABLE>
Due to the facts and circumstances related to accounting for income taxes
under SFAS No. 109 discussed in Note 5, the Company recorded no deferred
income taxes related to unrealized capital gains and losses in 1994.
51
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Sales of Securities
Net realized investment gains and proceeds from the sale of investments for
the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 are as follows (in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
------ ----- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed maturities.................................... $ 658 1,812 1,910
Equity securities................................... (52) 806 --
Other invested assets............................... 593 -- --
------ ----- ------
Net realized investment gains..................... $1,199 2,618 1,910
====== ===== ======
Proceeds from sale of bonds (calls and maturities
excluded).......................................... $ -- 7,075 40,609
====== ===== ======
</TABLE>
The cost of each security sold was specifically identified in computing the
related gain or loss.
4. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
The payment of dividends by Highlands without prior approval of the Texas
Department of Insurance is limited to formula amounts. Accordingly, the net
assets of HIC are similarly restricted. At December 31, 1996, approximately
$18 million was available for the payment of dividends without prior approval
by the Texas Department of Insurance. Dividends in the amount of $3 million
were paid to HIC by Highlands in 1996.
Statutory capital and surplus and net income (loss), determined in
accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Texas
Department of Insurance, for Highlands follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
-------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Statutory capital and surplus.................. $188,527 180,020 257,953
======== ======= =======
Statutory net income (loss).................... $ (2,021) (78,533) 6,310
======== ======= =======
</TABLE>
Statutory capital and surplus and net (loss) for Highlands (UK), determined
in accordance with United Kingdom accounting practices, are as follows (in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
------ ------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Statutory capital and surplus...................... $5,778 5,442 7,881
====== ======= =====
Statutory net income (loss)........................ $ 373 (12,276) (192)
====== ======= =====
</TABLE>
After incurring unacceptable underwriting results in 1991 and 1992 and
reviewing the prospects for the future, Highlands (UK) voluntarily ceased
producing new business effective April 1993. The Company received a
Notification of Requirements from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
on October 29, 1993, which included: timely reporting of certain financial
information; restrictions on certain investment activities without prior
approval of the DTI; restrictions relating to transactions with connected
persons; and a provision requiring Highlands (UK) to cease to effect contracts
of insurance except where it has a legal obligation to do so. Capital
infusions for Highlands (UK) were arranged in 1993 but not effected until 1994
due to the Notification of Requirements restriction requiring approval of
connected-person transactions. During 1994, DTI sent an additional
requirements notice to Highlands (UK) requesting a plan for restoration of a
sound financial position because of its failure to maintain a margin of
solvency required by Section 32 of the Insurance Company's Act of 1982 for a
company writing premiums. Highlands (UK) has developed such a plan.
Maintaining a license to write business in the United Kingdom is not essential
and Highlands (UK)'s plan does not anticipate any further
52
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
capital contribution to Highlands (UK) beyond the 1995 contribution of $10
million. Management believes that the regulatory matters concerning Highlands
(UK) should not have a material impact on the Company's financial position.
In 1994, Highlands (UK) had a liability of $21.5 million for cash advances
received from an affiliate of Halliburton. In 1994, this liability was
exchanged for a capital contribution to Highlands (UK). Accordingly, the
Company recorded additional paid-in capital of $21.5 million in 1994. The
capital contribution is considered a non-cash financing transaction for the
purposes of the statement of cash flows. Additionally, HIC contributed $10
million to Highlands (UK) on December 20, 1995.
5. FEDERAL AND FOREIGN INCOME TAXES
The Company provides for income taxes on its statements of operations
pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 109, "Accounting for
Income Taxes" (SFAS 109). With respect to losses for periods preceding the
Distribution (January 23, 1996), no tax benefit was recorded in the statements
of operations pursuant to SFAS 109 and the Company's tax-sharing arrangement
with its former parent, Halliburton. Tax receipts under its intercompany tax-
sharing arrangements with its former parent were recorded as additions to
stockholders' equity for the periods preceding the Distribution.
The tax-sharing arrangement resulted in Halliburton acquiring the domestic
deferred tax assets and liabilities from its domestic subsidiaries. In
contemplation of Halliburton's distribution of HIC shares, Halliburton
contributed to Highlands the net deferred tax assets attributable to Highlands
which HIC recorded as a contribution to capital in 1995. The contribution of
the net deferred tax asset is considered a non-cash financing transaction for
the purposes of the statement of cash flows. Based upon the tax-free nature of
the Distribution of HIC from Halliburton the deferred tax asset attributes are
available to HIC.
The primary components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities
and the related valuation allowance at December 31, 1996 and 1995,
respectively, follow (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
------- ------
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred tax assets--
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves.............. $33,382 42,048
Net operating loss carryforward........................ 20,023 5,204
Legal reserve.......................................... -- 3,675
Unearned premiums...................................... 2,005 3,195
Vacation and employee benefit reserves................. 760 837
Policyholder dividends................................. 350 350
Other.................................................. 1,362 364
------- ------
Gross deferred tax assets............................ 57,882 55,673
Valuation allowance...................................... (5,204) (5,204)
------- ------
Net deferred tax assets.............................. 52,678 50,469
------- ------
Deferred tax liabilities--
Accrued retrospective premiums......................... 8,489 9,410
Deferred acquisition costs............................. 2,253 4,110
Amortized bond discount, net........................... 3,174 2,813
Unrealized investment gains............................ 1,636 4,602
------- ------
Gross deferred tax liabilities....................... 15,552 20,935
------- ------
Net deferred tax asset................................... $37,126 29,534
======= ======
</TABLE>
53
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The realization of the net deferred tax asset is dependent upon Highland's
ability to generate sufficient taxable income in future periods. The net
deferred tax asset is net of valuation allowances of $5.2 million at each of
December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The valuation allowances are based
upon management's assessment that it is more likely than not that the portion
of the deferred tax asset related to Highlands (UK)'s net operating loss
carryforwards will not be realized. Based upon the anticipated future
earnings, historical profitability of the domestic operations, projected
reversal of the temporary differences, tax planning strategies available if
required and all other available evidence, both positive and negative,
management has concluded it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax
asset will be realized. Adjustments to the valuation allowance will be made if
there is a change in management's assessment of the amount of the deferred tax
asset that is realizable.
The income tax benefit was different from the amount computed by applying
the federal income tax rate to income (loss) before income taxes for the
following reasons (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
-------- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Income (loss) before taxes......................... $(17,441) (120,742) 2,283
Tax rate........................................... 35% 35% 35%
-------- -------- ------
Application of the tax rate........................ (6,104) (42,260) 799
Tax effect of--
Tax-exempt interest.............................. (5,889) (6,881) (8,992)
Foreign tax differential......................... (105) 1,537 (1,286)
Other............................................ -- 36 (81)
-------- -------- ------
Income tax benefit before adjustment............... (12,098) (47,568) (9,560)
Net operating loss utilized by former affiliates,
not recognizable by Highlands under separate
return calculation................................ -- 47,568 9,560
-------- -------- ------
Income tax benefit as recorded..................... $(12,098) -- --
======== ======== ======
</TABLE>
At December 31, 1996, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of
$42.3 million for federal income tax purposes which will expire, if unused, in
the year 2011. In addition, the Company had foreign tax loss carryforwards of
$15.8 million which can be carried indefinitely. For financial reporting
purposes, the valuation allowance offsets the deferred tax asset related to
the foreign tax loss carryforwards.
6. DEBT OUTSTANDING
On January 23, 1996, HIC issued $62.85 million in principal amount of 10%
convertible subordinated debentures (Debentures) due December 31, 2005,
together with Series A and A-2 (collectively the "Series A Warrants") and B
and B-2 (collectively the "Series B Warrants") common stock purchase warrants,
to Insurance Partners, L.P., and Insurance Partners Offshore (Bermuda), L.P.
(collectively "IP") and certain members of the Company's management team
(Management Investors). The Company received $60 million in cash from IP and
the Management Investors and individual promissory notes (each, a "Promissory
Note" and, collectively, the "Promissory Notes") in the aggregate principal
amount of $2.85 million made by the individual Management Investors without
personal liability and secured by a pledge of Debentures. The Debentures
issued in exchange for the Management Investors Promissory Note were issued
pursuant to a Purchase, Redemption and Bonus Agreement (the "Purchase
Agreement").
The carrying values of the Debentures, Series A Warrants and Series B
Warrants at the Distribution date were determined by allocating the $62.85
million purchase price based upon estimated relative fair value of such
securities. The estimated fair value of the Series A Warrants and Series B
Warrants amounting to $8.2 million
54
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
was recorded as paid-in capital, net of $.8 million of Debentures' acquisition
costs. The debt discount related to the Series A Warrants and Series B
Warrants is being amortized over the ten-year life of the Debentures and
amounted to $.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1996.
The Debentures are convertible into common stock of HIC after one year from
issuance at the option of the holders. If all of the Debentures are converted
into HIC common stock at the conversion price of $16.16 per share, the holders
would receive approximately 3.9 million shares of HIC common stock and have an
ownership interest in HIC of approximately 25%. Interest on the Debentures is
payable semi-annually in cash at 10% per annum. HIC can redeem the Debentures
at any time after December 3, 2002. Total interest expense incurred and paid
on the Debentures was $5.6 million in 1996. The acquisition costs related to
the Debentures are being amortized over the ten-year life of the Debentures
and amounted to $.5 million for the year ended December 31, 1996.
The detachable Series A Warrants enable the holders to purchase HIC common
stock at an exercise price of $12.89 per share, equal to an additional
ownership interest in HIC of approximately 21% after giving effect to the
assumed conversion of the Debentures and the exercise of the Series A
Warrants. If all of the Series A Warrants were exercised, the holders would
receive approximately 4.0 million shares of common stock of HIC. The exercise
price and the number of shares of HIC common stock into which the Series A
Warrants are exercisable are subject to adjustment related to adverse loss
reserve and uncollectible reinsurance development. Such adjustment reduced the
exercise price by $1.80 per share in 1996. These warrants expire on December
31, 2005.
The detachable Series B Warrants enable the holders to purchase HIC common
stock at an exercise price of $12.89 per share, equal to an additional
ownership interest of 5% after giving effect to the assumed conversion of the
Debentures and the exercise of the Series A and B Warrants. The Series B
Warrants become exercisable by the holders in the event that the average
closing market price of HIC common stock exceeds 1.61 times the exercise price
for any 30 consecutive trading days between January 1, 1999 and December 31,
2000. If all of the Series B Warrants were exercised, the holders would
receive approximately 1.0 million additional shares of HIC common stock. The
exercise price and the number of shares of HIC common stock into which the
Series B Warrants are exercisable are subject to adjustment related to adverse
loss reserve and uncollectible reinsurance development. Such adjustment
reduced the exercise price by $1.80 per share in 1996. The detachable Series B
Warrants expire on December 31, 2005.
The Purchase Agreement further provides for a bonus to be paid to each
Management Investor on the fifth anniversary of the Purchase Agreement if the
average closing price of the Company Common Stock is equal to or greater than
prices expressed as a percentage of the exercise price of the Series A
Warrants (as adjusted from time to time) as specified in the Purchase
Agreement (the "Bonus Trigger Stock Price"). The amount of the bonus is stated
as a percentage of a maximum bonus amount separately determined for each
Management Investor and equal to the aggregate principal amount of each
Management Investor's Promissory Note. If the Bonus Trigger Stock Price is at
least 1.40 times but less than 1.50 times the Series A Warrant exercise price,
the bonus is 25% of the maximum bonus amount, 50% if the Bonus Trigger Stock
Price is a least 1.50 but less than 1.61 times the Series A Warrant exercise
price and 100% if the Bonus Trigger Stock Price is 1.61 times the Series A
Warrant exercise price or higher.
If the Debentures are converted into common stock of HIC and the Series A
and B Warrants are utilized by the holders to purchase common stock of HIC, IP
and the Management Investors will have an ownership interest in HIC of
approximately 44%.
55
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
7. REINSURANCE
The Company assumes and cedes insurance with other insurers and reinsurers
and members of various reinsurance pools and associations and syndicates. The
Company utilizes reinsurance arrangements to limit its maximum loss, to
provide greater diversification of risks and to minimize exposures on larger
risks. Generally, reinsurance coverage is on an excess of loss basis. In
addition, the Company has catastrophe coverage for certain types of losses
over stipulated aggregate amounts arising from any one occurrence or event.
The ceding of reinsurance does not discharge the primary liability of the
original insurer. The Company currently places reinsurance with other carriers
only after careful review of the nature of the contract and a thorough
assessment of the reinsurer's current credit quality and claim settlement
performance. Based upon its evaluations of reinsurers, the Company has
established reserves ($2.4 million and $4.6 million as of December 31, 1996
and 1995, respectively) or does not record certain contracts as ceded business
but retains these amounts ($20.1 million and $18.6 million as of December 31,
1996 and 1995, respectively) as loss reserves for potentially uncollectible
reinsurance at such time as an uncollectible amount is probable and the amount
may be reasonably estimated. Because of the difficulty of acquiring accurate
information for certain reinsurers, including Lloyds syndicates and members,
the Company believes that no meaningful range of potentially uncollectible
reinsurance can be established beyond recorded reserves. With respect to its
domestic book of business and reinsurers that are not authorized reinsurers as
determined by the Texas Department of Insurance, the Company often receives
collateral primarily in the form of bank letters of credit generally securing
the reinsurance recoverable regarding reported losses and in some instances
IBNR. At December 31, 1996 such collateral totaled approximately $14.8
million.
The Company's three largest recoverables as of December 31, 1996, were
approximately $111.2 million with Underwriters at Lloyds of London, $84.2
million with American Re-insurance Company and $55.0 million with General
Reinsurance Company. American Re-insurance Company and General Reinsurance
Company are rated by A. M. Best and carry an A+ and A++ rating, respectively.
56
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The effects of assumed and ceded reinsurance on net premiums and losses
follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DIRECT ASSUMED CEDED NET
-------- ------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31, 1996--
Written premiums--
HIC-US.................................... $147,474 7,892 (20,671) 134,695
HIC-UK.................................... -- 3,180 (2,824) 356
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $147,474 11,072 (23,495) 135,051
======== ======= ======== =======
Earned premiums--
HIC-US.................................... $160,776 10,723 (19,807) 151,692
HIC-UK.................................... -- 3,180 (2,824) 356
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $160,776 13,903 (22,631) 152,048
======== ======= ======== =======
Losses and loss adjustment expenses
incurred--
HIC-US.................................... $159,611 23,029 (27,580) 155,060
HIC-UK.................................... -- 30,519 (28,990) 1,529
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $159,611 53,548 (56,570) 156,589
======== ======= ======== =======
Year ended December 31, 1995--
Written premiums--
HIC-US.................................... $210,052 17,677 (28,145) 199,584
HIC-UK.................................... -- 6,646 (4,665) 1,981
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $210,052 24,323 (32,810) 201,565
======== ======= ======== =======
Earned premiums--
HIC-US.................................... $204,508 20,345 (25,388) 199,465
HIC-UK.................................... -- 6,646 (4,665) 1,981
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $204,508 26,991 (30,053) 201,446
======== ======= ======== =======
Losses and loss adjustment expenses
incurred--
HIC-US.................................... $273,488 116,413 (108,222) 281,679
HIC-UK.................................... -- 71,676 (53,102) 18,574
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $273,488 188,089 (161,324) 300,253
======== ======= ======== =======
Year ended December 31, 1994--
Written premiums--
HIC-US.................................... $234,277 41,288 (43,416) 232,149
HIC-UK.................................... -- 17,210 (6,161) 11,049
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $234,277 58,498 (49,577) 243,198
======== ======= ======== =======
Earned premiums--
HIC-US.................................... $233,343 42,958 (45,674) 230,627
HIC-UK.................................... -- 17,210 (6,161) 11,049
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $233,343 60,168 (51,835) 241,676
======== ======= ======== =======
Losses and loss adjustment expenses
incurred--
HIC-US.................................... $169,330 48,874 (7,458) 210,746
HIC-UK.................................... -- 161,534 (147,965) 13,569
-------- ------- -------- -------
Total.................................... $169,330 210,408 (155,423) 224,315
======== ======= ======== =======
</TABLE>
57
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
8. LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
---------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1....................... $1,253,627 1,149,173 1,225,242
Less--Reinsurance recoverables........... 599,558 557,096 627,285
---------- --------- ---------
Net balance at January 1................... 654,069 592,077 597,957
---------- --------- ---------
Incurred related to--
Current year............................. 133,717 156,683 159,431
Prior years--
Asbestos............................... 4,645 50,027 10,160
Environmental.......................... 1,912 31,768 15,879
All other.............................. 16,315 61,775 38,845
---------- --------- ---------
Total prior years........................ 22,872 143,570 64,884
---------- --------- ---------
Total incurred......................... 156,589 300,253 224,315
---------- --------- ---------
Paid related to--
Current year............................. 37,020 39,846 45,609
Prior years--
Asbestos............................... 4,871 10,550 2,830
Environmental.......................... 2,984 6,080 3,650
All other.............................. 155,666 181,785 178,106
---------- --------- ---------
Total prior years........................ 163,521 198,415 184,586
---------- --------- ---------
Total paid............................. 200,541 238,261 230,195
---------- --------- ---------
Net balance at December 31............. 610,117 654,069 592,077
Add--Reinsurance recoverables.......... 546,707 599,558 557,096
---------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31..................... $1,156,824 1,253,627 1,149,173
========== ========= =========
</TABLE>
As a result of changes in estimates of insured events in prior years,
primarily environmental and pollution claims, the provision for losses and
loss adjustment expenses (net of reinsurance recoveries of $(22.0) million,
$152.9 million and $123.5 million for 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively)
increased by $22.9 million in 1996, $143.6 million in 1995 and $64.9 million
in 1994.
As the result of a review conducted in the third quarter of 1995, the
Company increased loss and loss adjustment expense reserves by $117 million in
the third quarter of 1995. The review process consisted of gathering new
information and refining prior estimates, with a major focus on assumed
reinsurance and overall environmental and asbestos exposures. For the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, the Company recognized $6.6 million,
$81.8 million and $26.0 million, respectively, of adverse development related
to environmental and asbestos exposures.
Losses incurred related to prior years for all other is primarily related to
Highlands (UK) and assumed casualty reinsurance exposures. Net reserve re-
estimates for Highlands (UK) for 1996, 1995, and 1994 were $1.5 million, $18.6
million and $13.6 million, respectively, and relate primarily to catastrophe
losses. Assumed casualty reinsurance net reserve re-estimates for 1996, 1995,
and 1994 amounted to $3.5 million, $14.3 million, and $15.3 million,
respectively.
58
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Highlands has a retirement and savings plan (defined contribution plan) for
employees. All employees are eligible to participate in the plan following the
completion of one year of service. Highlands' contributions are restricted to
amounts authorized annually by the Highlands' board of directors. Employees,
at their option, may contribute a portion of their eligible earnings to the
plan. Retirement benefits are based on the balance in each employee's account,
including the amount vested in employer contributions. The plan may be
canceled at any time at the option of Highlands. Highlands' contributions to
the plan for 1996, 1995 and 1994 were approximately $.6 million, $1.5 million
and $1.6 million, respectively.
10. STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS
At December 31, 1996, the Company had a stock-based compensation plan, which
is described below. The Company applies APB Opinion No. 25 and related
Interpretations in accounting for its plans. Accordingly, compensation cost
has been recognized for the options granted to acquire Company Common Stock
granted prior to the Distribution and prior to a market price for Company
Common Stock. However, no compensation cost has been recognized for shares
issued subsequent to the Distribution which are issued with an exercise price
equal to the market value at date of grant. The compensation cost that has
been charged against income for its stock-based plan was $.7 million for 1996.
Had all compensation cost for the Company's stock-based compensation plan been
determined pursuant to SFAS 123, the Company's net loss and loss per share
would have increased $1.26 million and $.11, respectively, to the pro forma
amounts indicated below (in thousands, except per share data):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996
-------
<S> <C> <C>
Net (loss).......................................... As reported $(5,343)
Pro forma $(6,609)
Net (loss) per common share......................... As reported $ (.47)
Pro forma $ (.58)
</TABLE>
Pursuant to the Company's 1995 Stock Option Plan, HIC may grant either
incentive stock options (ISO) or non-qualified stock options (NQSO). The
exercise price for each share subject to an option will be an amount that the
Compensation Committee determines, in its good faith judgment. In the case of
ISOs, however, the exercise price per share shall not be less than the amount
the Committee determines, in its good faith judgment, to be not less than 100%
of the fair value of Company common stock on the date the option is granted.
Options are typically exercisable over a period not in excess of ten years.
The options generally vest over three to four years, or in full upon a change
of control of the Company. The maximum number of shares that are reserved for
issuance under all option plans is 750,000 at December 31, 1996. A summary of
the status of the Company's stock option plans at December 31, 1996 and
changes during the year ended on that date is presented below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996
-------------------------
SHARES WEIGHTED-AVERAGE
SHARES UNDER OPTION (000) EXERCISE PRICE
------------------- ------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Outstanding at beginning of year.................... -- $ --
Granted............................................. 522,000 15.03
Exercised........................................... -- --
Forfeited........................................... (36,000) 15.02
-------
Outstanding at end of year.......................... 486,000 $15.03
======= ======
Options exercisable at year-end..................... none
Weighted-average fair value of options granted
during the year:
Issued prior to the Distribution.................. $ 9.92
Issued equal to market value...................... $ 7.88
</TABLE>
59
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Summarized information with respect to outstanding stock options at December
31, 1996, is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
--------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
RANGE OF NUMBER WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER
EXERCISE OUTSTANDING REMAINING WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISABLE WEIGHTED AVERAGE
PRICES AT 12/31/96 CONTRACTUAL LIFE EXERCISE PRICE AT 12/31/96 EXERCISE PRICE
- -------- ----------- ---------------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$14.69
to
$21.13 486,000 9.0 years $15.03 -- --
</TABLE>
The fair value of stock options granted during the year ended December 31,
1996 was $4.8 million. The fair value of each option is estimated on the date
of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
The following weighted average assumptions were used for grants in 1996:
expected volatility of 15.0%, risk-free interest rate of 6.5%, expected life
of 6.5 years and a dividend yield of 0%.
11. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company has identified certain assets as financial instruments that
require fair value disclosure. The estimated fair value of financial
instruments has been determined by the Company using available market
information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable
judgment is necessarily required in interpreting market data to develop the
estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the Company's estimates of fair value
are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could realize
in a current market exchange. Potential taxes and other transaction costs have
not been considered in estimating fair value. As a number of the Company's
significant assets (including deferred policy acquisition costs, property and
equipment, and deferred taxes) and liabilities (loss and loss adjustment
expense reserves) are not considered financial instruments, the disclosures
that follow do not reflect the fair value of the Company as a whole.
The carrying values and estimated fair values of financial instruments at
December 31, 1996 and 1995, were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
---------------- ----------------
CARRYING FAIR CARRYING FAIR
VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
-------- ------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Assets:
Fixed maturity securities................... $680,397 692,351 601,873 624,238
Equity securities........................... 26,967 26,967 33,697 33,697
Other invested assets....................... 3,770 3,770 -- --
Cash and cash equivalents................... 49,484 49,484 85,176 85,176
Premium installment receivables............. 4,145 4,145 8,237 8,237
Accrued invested assets..................... 12,600 12,600 11,131 11,131
Liabilities:
Convertible subordinated debentures......... 55,452 60,000 -- --
</TABLE>
Fair values for fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices,
where available. If quoted market prices were not available, fair values were
determined by dealers specializing in those securities. Equity securities are
valued based on quoted market prices. Cash and cash equivalents, premium
installment receivables, accrued investment income and other investments are
valued at their carrying value as they are highly liquid financial assets with
maturities of less than one year. The fair value for convertible subordinated
debentures was estimated using discounted cash flow calculations based upon
HIC's current incremental borrowing for similar types of borrowing
arrangements.
60
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
12. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
The Company establishes loss reserves which are estimates of future payments
of reported and unreported claims for losses and the related expenses with
respect to insured events that have occurred. The process of establishing loss
reserves is subject to uncertainties that are normal, recurring and inherent
in the property and casualty business. The process requires reliance upon
estimates based on available data that reflect past experience, current trends
and other information and the exercise of informed judgment. As information
develops that varies from experience, provides additional data or, in some
cases, augments data that previously was not considered sufficient for use in
determining reserves, changes in the Company's estimate of ultimate
liabilities may be required. The effect of these changes, net of reinsurance,
is charged or credited to income for the periods in which they are determined.
Reserving for asbestos, environmental-related and certain other long-term
exposure claims is subject to significant additional uncertainties that are
not generally present for other types of claims. Developed case law and
adequate claim history do not exist for such claims. Highlands and the
insurance industry dispute coverage for certain environmental, pollution and
asbestos liabilities of their policyholders. These claims differ from almost
all others in that it is not often clear that an insurable event has occurred
and which, if any, multiple policy years and insurers will be liable. These
uncertainties prevent identification of applicable policy and policy limits
until after a claim is reported and substantial time is spent (many years in
some cases) resolving contract issues and determining facts necessary to
evaluate the claim. If the courts continue in the future to expand the intent
of the policies and the scope of the coverage as they have in the past,
additional liabilities could emerge for amounts in excess of the current
reserves held.
The Company uses methods and assumptions that are consistent with prevailing
actuarial practice and are modified periodically based on changes in
circumstance. However, estimation of loss reserves for asbestos, environmental
related and other long-term exposure claims is one of the most difficult
aspects of establishing reserves, especially given the above uncertainties.
Because of the significant uncertainties involved and the likelihood that
these uncertainties will not be resolved in the near future, the Company
believes that no meaningful range of loss and loss adjustment expense reserves
beyond recorded reserves can be established.
In management's judgment, information currently available has been
appropriately considered in estimating the Company's loss reserves. However,
future changes in estimates of the Company's liability for insured events may
adversely affect results in future periods although such effects cannot be
reasonably estimated.
Proposition 103
In November 1988, the State of California adopted by ballot initiative
Proposition 103, a comprehensive system of regulation applicable to all
property and casualty insurance written in California. Proposition 103 does
not apply to workers' compensation insurance or reinsurance. Proposition 103
provided, among other things, that rates for automobile and certain other
insurance policies issued or renewed on or after November 8, 1988 be rolled
back to levels of November 8, 1987 and then reduced by an additional 20%. In
January 1995, the State of California Department of Insurance ("DOI") notified
the Company that it believed that the Company had a premium rollback
obligation to policyholders under Proposition 103. On April 18, 1995, the DOI
issued a Notice of Hearing Re Proposition 103 Rollback Exemption Application
In the Matter of the Rate Rollback Liability of Highlands and Highlands
Underwriters Insurance Company. Subsequent to the issuance of the Notice of
Hearing, there was a Prehearing Conference Order and several motions regarding
the extent and nature of discovery. On June 30, 1995, Highlands and Highlands
Underwriters Insurance Company mailed a settlement offer to the Insurance
Commissioner of the State of California, which was rejected by the
Commissioner on July 18, 1995.
61
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
In December of 1995, a decision was entered in the matter of Amwest Surety
Insurance Company v. Pete Wilson, et al. In that case, the Supreme Court of
the State of California determined that surety insurance would be subject to
Proposition 103. There were hearings pursuant to the above-referenced Notice
of Hearing during May and June of 1996 at which the DOI asserted that the
rollback obligation of Highlands and Highlands Underwriters Insurance Company
was $3.9 million, plus interest, for a total amount of $6.5 million. In
connection with such hearing, the administrative law judge was expected to
render a decision regarding the Company's rollback liability during the last
quarter of 1996. Subsequent to the June of 1996 hearing, the Company re-
evaluated its legal reserves, and such reserves were increased in the third
quarter of 1996 by $1 million to reflect the Company's current estimate of its
most probable loss. Settlement negotiations occurred during the fourth quarter
of 1996, and as a result of the status of such negotiations, legal reserves
were increased $1 million in the fourth quarter of 1996.
On February 3, 1997, this matter was settled for $5.7 million and such
amount is not in excess of current legal reserves and is not expected to have
a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company. The
settlement will be submitted to the Administrative Law Judge and the
Commissioner of Insurance for their approval, and the Company has no reason to
believe at this time that the settlement will not be approved. In the event
the settlement is not approved, the Company will continue to defend this
matter vigorously.
Class Action Lawsuit
On May 15, 1991, Weatherford Roofing Company and other plaintiffs commenced
an action against Employers National Insurance Company in the 116th Texas
State District Court in Dallas County, Texas, alleging that they had been
overcharged for workers' compensation insurance. On April 23, 1992, the
plaintiffs amended their petition to allege a class action on behalf of all
employers overcharged for workers' compensation insurance purchased between
1987 and 1992 to cover Texas employees. On April 18, 1994, Highlands and
Highlands Underwriters Insurance Company were added to the action as named
defendants. The lawsuit, styled Weatherford Roofing Company, et al. v.
Employers National Insurance Company (Case No. 91-05637), alleges, among other
things, that the defendants conspired to charge rates of premium for
retrospectively rated insurance policies that exceeded rates then permitted
under applicable Texas law and regulations.
On July 2, 1996, the named plaintiffs and a group of 14 insurance company
defendants, including the Company, entered into a settlement agreement (the
"Settlement Agreement"), and said agreement has received preliminary approval
of the court. Pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement, in July of
1996, notification of the settlement was published in several Texas newspapers
and mailed to all insureds within the settlement class. The insureds that have
elected to opt-out of the settlement will not impact Highlands or terminate
the Settlement Agreement.
Final approval of the Settlement Agreement was granted by the court in the
fourth quarter of 1996 and the distribution of the settlement fund is now
expected to occur in the first quarter of 1997. The time to appeal the
approval of the Settlement Agreement has now expired. The Company's liability,
pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement, is not in excess of current
legal reserves and is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the
financial position of the Company.
Other
The Company is a party to various claims and legal actions arising in the
ordinary course of its insurance business which, in the opinion of management,
will not have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results
of operations.
62
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Leases
At December 31, 1996, the Company was obligated under noncancelable
operating leases, expiring on various dates through 2001, principally for
office space and computer software. Future aggregate minimum rentals on
noncancelable operating leases are as follows: $4.2 million in 1997, $4.0
million in 1998, $3.6 million in 1999, $1.8 million in 2000 and $3.2 million
for all remaining years thereafter.
The Company's gross rental expense was approximately $4.5 million, $5.3
million and $5.1 million for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994,
respectively.
Year 2000
The Company has conducted a comprehensive review of its computer systems to
identify the systems that could be affected by the "Year 2000" issue and is
developing an implementation plan to resolve the issue. The Year 2000 problem
is the result of computer programs being written using two digits (rather than
four) to define the applicable year. Any of the Company's programs that have
time-sensitive software may recognize a date using "00" as the year 1900
rather than the year 2000. This could result in a major system failure or
miscalculations. The Company presently believes that, with modifications to
existing software and converting to new software, the Year 2000 problem will
not pose significant operational problems for the Company's computer systems
as so modified and converted. However, if such modifications and conversions
are not completed timely, the Year 2000 problem may have a material impact on
the operations of the Company.
13. SEGMENT INFORMATION
In the normal course of business, the Company underwrites risks of
Halliburton and various subsidiaries and affiliates of Halliburton. During
1996, 1995 and 1994 , net premiums earned from Halliburton aggregated
approximately $30.7 million, $54.2 million and $41.7 million, respectively.
A portion of this business is retrospectively rated, meaning that ultimate
premiums will approximate ultimate losses plus certain expenses. Premiums due
from Halliburton under these retrospective arrangements were approximately
$68.4 million and $78.3 million at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
A portion of the Company's business is conducted in the United Kingdom. The
following summary presents the Company's business by geographic segments (in
thousands).
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
---------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Domestic.............................. $ 199,100 246,376 276,484
United Kingdom........................ 5,135 6,217 13,822
---------- --------- ---------
$ 204,235 252,593 290,306
========== ========= =========
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic.............................. $ (15,954) (94,075) 16,880
United Kingdom........................ (1,487) (26,667) (14,597)
---------- --------- ---------
$ (17,441) (120,742) 2,283
========== ========= =========
Identifiable Assets:
Domestic.............................. $1,315,359 1,353,918 1,273,732
United Kingdom........................ 250,672 282,173 265,686
---------- --------- ---------
$1,566,031 1,636,091 1,539,418
========== ========= =========
</TABLE>
63
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
14. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
The following quarterly financial information for each of the three months
ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 1996 and 1995 is
unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting
of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the results of
operations for such periods, have been made for a fair presentation of the
results shown.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
JUNE DEC.
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31 30 SEPT. 30 31
------------- -------- ------ -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1996
Net premiums earned........................ $46,836 40,018 35,057 30,137
Total revenues............................. 59,963 52,932 47,814 43,526
Total expenses............................. 59,699 57,158 46,333 58,486
Net income (loss).......................... 214 (3,506) 1,233 (3,284)
Net income (loss) per common share......... .02 (.31) .11 (.29)
1995
Net premiums earned........................ $43,519 69,535 51,272 37,120
Total revenues............................. 55,893 81,722 65,838 49,140
Total expenses............................. 53,594 78,843 189,081 51,817
Net income (loss).......................... 2,299 2,879 (123,243) (2,677)
Net income (loss) per common share......... .20 .25 (10.77) (.23)
</TABLE>
64
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE I
SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS
OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES
DECEMBER 31, 1996
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMOUNT
AT
WHICH
SHOWN
IN THE
AMORTIZED FAIR BALANCE
TYPE OF INVESTMENT COST VALUE SHEET
- ------------------ --------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
At December 31, 1996
Available for sale:
Fixed maturity securities:
United States Government
and government agencies. $141,767 142,385 142,385
States, municipalities
and political
subdivisions............ 31,920 33,600 33,600
All other corporate
bonds................... 115,914 117,838 117,838
Mortgage-backed
securities.............. 25,742 25,282 25,282
Sinking fund preferred
stock................... 5,566 5,800 5,800
-------- ------- -------
320,909 324,905 324,905
Equity securities......... 26,293 26,967 26,967
-------- ------- -------
Total securities,
available for sale..... $347,202 351,872 351,872
======== ======= =======
Held to maturity:
Fixed maturity securities:
United States Government
and government agencies. $ 10,041 9,957 10,041
States, municipalities
and political
subdivisions............ 189,512 204,708 189,512
Foreign governments...... 12,862 12,891 12,862
All other corporate
bonds................... 54,868 52,986 54,868
Mortgage-backed
securities.............. 88,209 86,904 88,209
-------- ------- -------
Total securities, held
to maturity............ $355,492 367,446 355,492
======== ======= =======
Other invested assets... $ 3,770 3,770 3,770
======== ======= =======
Total investments....... $706,464 723,088 711,134
======== ======= =======
</TABLE>
65
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE II
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
----------------
1996 1995
-------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Assets
Investment in subsidiaries.................................. $263,312 263,619
Fixed maturity securities:
Available for sale, at fair value......................... 24,475 --
Cash and cash equivalents................................... 22,549 --
Accrued investment income................................... 373 --
Deferred taxes.............................................. 2,238 --
Deferred debt expense....................................... 4,482 --
Other assets................................................ 3,204 --
Receivable from former affiliates........................... -- 39,136
-------- -------
Total assets............................................ $320,633 302,755
======== =======
Liabilities
Convertible subordinated debentures......................... $ 55,452 --
Payable to subsidiaries..................................... 196 35,644
Payable to former affiliates................................ -- 1
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities.................... 1,510 --
-------- -------
Total liabilities....................................... 57,158 35,645
-------- -------
Stockholders' equity
Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized;
11,448,208 issued and outstanding in 1996 ($1,000 par
value; 10,000 shares authorized, 1,000 shares issued and
outstanding in 1995)....................................... 114 1,000
Additional paid-in capital.................................. 192,273 184,168
Net unrealized gain on investments.......................... 3,036 8,547
Retained earnings........................................... 68,052 73,395
-------- -------
Total stockholders' equity.............................. 263,475 267,110
-------- -------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity.............. $320,633 302,755
======== =======
</TABLE>
66
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE II
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue:
Investment income.................................. $ 2,539 -- --
Affiliated interest income......................... -- 115 54
------- -------- ------
Total revenues................................... 2,539 115 54
------- -------- ------
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries.............. (1,186) (120,857) 2,229
------- -------- ------
Expenses:
Interest expense................................... 5,639 -- --
Debt amortization.................................. 1,264 -- --
Other expenses..................................... 2,031 -- --
------- -------- ------
Total expenses................................... 8,934 -- --
------- -------- ------
Income (loss) before income tax benefit............ (7,581) -- --
Income tax benefit................................. 2,238 -- --
------- -------- ------
Net income (loss).................................... $(5,343) (120,742) 2,283
======= ======== ======
Net income (loss) per common share and common stock
equivalents....................................... $ (.47) (10.55) .20
======= ======== ======
Weighted average number of common shares and common
stock equivalents outstanding..................... 11,448 11,448 11,448
======= ======== ======
</TABLE>
67
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE II
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income (loss)................................. $(5,343) (120,742) 2,283
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in loss of subsidiaries.................. 1,186 120,857 (2,229)
Debt amortization............................... 1,264 -- --
Dividends received from subsidiaries............ 3,000 500 3,300
Increase in deferred taxes...................... (2,238) -- --
Changes in other operating assets and
liabilities.................................... 1,038 -- 3
------- -------- ------
Total adjustments............................. 4,250 121,357 1,074
------- -------- ------
Net cash (used in) provided by operating
activities................................... (1,093) 615 3,357
------- -------- ------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investment purchases--
Fixed maturity securities available for sale.... (24,475) -- --
Capital contributions to subsidiaries............. (52,174) (20,834) (4,368)
Cash returned by former affiliates, net........... 3,800 (615) (1,877)
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary, net......... 22 -- --
------- -------- ------
Net cash used in investing activities......... (72,827) (21,449) (6,245)
------- -------- ------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of convertible subordinated
debentures....................................... 60,000 -- --
Payment for debt issuance expense................. (5,705) -- --
Contribution from former parent of net current tax
asset............................................ 42,174 20,834 2,888
------- -------- ------
Net cash provided by financing activities..... 96,469 20,834 2,888
------- -------- ------
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents........... 22,549 -- --
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year...... -- -- --
------- -------- ------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year............ $22,549 -- --
======= ======== ======
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid..................................... $ 5,639 -- --
======= ======== ======
</TABLE>
68
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE III
SUPPLEMENTAL INSURANCE INFORMATION
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT DECEMBER 31, FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------
AMORTIZATION
DEFERRED LOSSES, OF DEFERRED
POLICY CLAIMS NET LOSSES AND POLICY OTHER NET
ACQUISITION AND LOSS UNEARNED PREMIUM INVESTMENT SETTLEMENT ACQUISITION OPERATING PREMIUMS
SEGMENT COSTS EXPENSES PREMIUMS REVENUE INCOME(1) EXPENSES COSTS EXPENSES WRITTEN
------- ----------- --------- -------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------------ --------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1996
Property-liability
operations
Domestic.............. $ 6,436 884,060 31,474 151,645 46,255 150,894 28,495 35,711 134,648
United Kingdom........ -- 272,764 -- 403 4,733 5,695 334 547 403
------- --------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------ -------
Total............... $ 6,436 1,156,824 31,474 152,048 50,988 156,589 28,829 36,258 135,051
======= ========= ====== ======= ====== ======= ====== ====== =======
1995
Property-liability
operations
Domestic.............. $11,744 957,696 52,571 199,332 44,428 270,115 39,255 31,091 199,451
United Kingdom........ -- 295,931 -- 2,114 4,101 30,138 416 2,320 2,114
------- --------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------ -------
Total............... $11,744 1,253,627 52,571 201,446 48,529 300,253 39,671 33,411 201,565
======= ========= ====== ======= ====== ======= ====== ====== =======
1994
Property-liability
operations
Domestic.............. $11,850 881,036 51,178 230,905 43,669 203,614 45,628 10,362 232,427
United Kingdom........ -- 268,137 -- 10,771 3,051 20,701 4,430 3,288 10,771
------- --------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------ -------
Total............... $11,850 1,149,173 51,178 241,676 46,720 224,315 50,058 13,650 243,198
======= ========= ====== ======= ====== ======= ====== ====== =======
</TABLE>
- -------
(1) Highlands London Branch receives an allocation of investment income based
on its net balances of loss and loss adjustment reserves and Highlands (UK)
is its actual investment income.
69
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE IV
REINSURANCE EARNED PREMIUMS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENT
ASSUMED OF
CEDED TO FROM AMOUNT
GROSS OTHER OTHER NET ASSUMED
AMOUNT COMPANIES COMPANIES AMOUNT TO NET
-------- --------- --------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31, 1996
Property-liability insurance..... $160,776 (22,631) 13,903 152,048 9.1%
======== ======= ====== ======= ====
Year ended December 31, 1995
Property-liability insurance..... $204,508 (30,053) 26,991 201,446 13.4%
======== ======= ====== ======= ====
Year ended December 31, 1994
Property-liability insurance..... $233,343 (51,835) 60,168 241,676 24.9%
======== ======= ====== ======= ====
</TABLE>
70
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE V
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ADDITIONS
------------------
BALANCE CHARGES BALANCE
AT TO COSTS AT END
BEGINNING AND OTHER OF
OF PERIOD EXPENSES ADDITIONS DEDUCTIONS(1) PERIOD
--------- -------- --------- ------------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31,
1996
Allowance for
uncollectible
reinsurance............. $ 4,598 -- -- 2,188 2,410
======= ==== === ===== ======
Year ended December 31,
1995
Allowance for
uncollectible
reinsurance............. $11,903 (763) -- 6,542 4,598
======= ==== === ===== ======
Year ended December 31,
1994
Allowance for
uncollectible
reinsurance............. $11,516 387 -- -- 11,903
======= ==== === ===== ======
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) Deductions in the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance represent write-
offs, net of recoveries, of amounts determined to be uncollectible.
71
<PAGE>
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE VI
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION CONCERNING
CONSOLIDATED PROPERTY-CASUALTY INSURANCE OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
---------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Deferred policy acquisition costs............... $ 6,436 11,744 11,850
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves....... 1,156,824 1,253,627 1,149,173
Unearned premiums............................... 31,474 52,571 51,178
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER
31,
------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
---------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net premiums earned............................. $ 152,048 201,446 241,676
Net investment income........................... 50,988 48,529 46,720
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred
Current year.................................. 133,717 156,683 159,431
Prior year.................................... 22,872 143,570 64,884
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs.......................................... 28,829 39,671 50,058
Paid losses and loss adjustment expenses........ 200,541 238,261 230,195
Net premiums written............................ 135,051 201,565 243,198
</TABLE>
72
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 11.1
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS PER SHARE
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995, AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT FOR PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
------- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
EARNINGS:
Primary:
Net income (loss), as reported....................... $(5,343) (120,742) 2,283
After tax investment earnings applicable to common
stock warrants and outstanding stock options (based
on treasury stock method)........................... -- -- --
------- -------- ------
Net income, as adjusted.......................... $(5,343) (120,742) 2,283
======= ======== ======
Fully diluted:
Net income (loss), as reported................... (5,343) (120,742) 2,283
After tax investment earnings applicable to common
stock warrants and outstanding stock options (based
on treasury stock method)........................... -- -- --
After tax debt expense applicable to convertible
subordinated debentures............................. -- -- --
------- -------- ------
Net income (loss), as adjusted................... $(5,343) (120,742) 2,283
======= ======== ======
SHARES:
Primary:
Number of common shares issued and outstanding, per
consolidated financial statements................... 11,448 11,448 11,448
Additional dilutive effect of:
Common stock warrants and outstanding stock options
(based on treasury stock method).................. -- -- --
------- -------- ------
Weighted average, as adjusted.................... 11,448 11,448 11,448
======= ======== ======
Fully diluted:
Weighted average number of common shares issued and
outstanding, per consolidated financial statements.. 11,448 11,448 11,448
Additional dilutive effect of:
Common stock warrants and outstanding stock options
(based on treasury stock method).................. -- -- --
Common stock shares upon conversion of convertible
subordinated debentures........................... -- -- --
------- -------- ------
Weighted average, as adjusted.................... 11,448 11,448 11,448
======= ======== ======
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE:
Primary............................................ $ (.47) (10.55) .20
Fully diluted...................................... $ (.47) (10.55) .20
</TABLE>
Common stock warrants and stock options are considered to be antidilutive
for the period ended December 31, 1996. Earnings (loss) per share for 1996,
1995 and 1994 has been computed based upon 11,448,208 shares of Company Common
Stock distributed on January 23, 1996.
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 21.1
HIGHLANDS INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION
- ---- ---------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Aberdeen Insurance Company Texas
Highlands Casualty Company Texas
Highlands Claims and Safety
Services, Inc. Texas
Highlands Insurance Company
(U.K.) Limited United Kingdom
Highlands Insurance Company Texas
Highlands Limited Bermuda
Highlands Lloyds Texas
Highlands Overseas Company Panama
Highlands Overseas Limited Bermuda
Highlands Underwriters Insurance
Company Texas
Highlands Underwriters Insurance
Agency, Inc. Texas
Highlands Underwriting Agents,
Limited United Kingdom
Highlands Acquisition Corp. Delaware
Underwriters Special Risks of
La., Inc. Louisiana
Underwriters Special Risks, Inc. Texas
</TABLE>
i
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 7
<LEGEND>
This schedule contains summary financial information extracted from the
financial statements contained in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1996 for Highlands Insurance Group, Inc. and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to such statements.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1996
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1996
<DEBT-HELD-FOR-SALE> 0
<DEBT-CARRYING-VALUE> 355,492
<DEBT-MARKET-VALUE> 324,905
<EQUITIES> 26,967
<MORTGAGE> 0
<REAL-ESTATE> 0
<TOTAL-INVEST> 711,134
<CASH> 49,484
<RECOVER-REINSURE> 556,900
<DEFERRED-ACQUISITION> 6,436
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 1,566,031
<POLICY-LOSSES> 1,156,824
<UNEARNED-PREMIUMS> 31,474
<POLICY-OTHER> 0
<POLICY-HOLDER-FUNDS> 0
<NOTES-PAYABLE> 55,452
0
0
<COMMON> 114
<OTHER-SE> 263,361
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 1,566,031
152,048
<INVESTMENT-INCOME> 50,988
<INVESTMENT-GAINS> 1,199
<OTHER-INCOME> (8,600)
<BENEFITS> 156,589
<UNDERWRITING-AMORTIZATION> 28,829
<UNDERWRITING-OTHER> 27,658
<INCOME-PRETAX> (17,441)
<INCOME-TAX> 12,098
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 0
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (5,343)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (.47)
<EPS-DILUTED> (.47)
<RESERVE-OPEN> 0
<PROVISION-CURRENT> 0
<PROVISION-PRIOR> 0
<PAYMENTS-CURRENT> 0
<PAYMENTS-PRIOR> 0
<RESERVE-CLOSE> 0
<CUMULATIVE-DEFICIENCY> 0
</TABLE>
