<PAGE>
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended December 31, 1998.
or
[_] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 for the transition period from ____________ to ____________.
Commission File No. _______
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 94-3226532
(State or other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer
Incorporation or organization) Identification Number)
333 Ravenswood Avenue, Building 205
Menlo Park, California 94025
(Address of principal executive offices)
(650) 859-6400
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. [ ] Yes [X] No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes
of common stock, as of February 28, 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Title of each class Outstanding at February 28, 1999
------------------- --------------------------------
<S> <C>
Common Stock, $.001 par value 16,568,524
Class C Common Stock, $.001 par value 857,370
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
Table of Contents
Quarter Ended December 31, 1998
Page No.
--------
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 1998 and June 30, 1998
Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months
Ended December 31, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended
December 31, 1998 and 1997
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
Signatures
<PAGE>
PART I
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Assets December 31, 1998 June 30, 1998
------ ----------------- -------------
Current assets:
<S> <C> <C>
Cash and equivalents $ 112,045 $ 167,549
Short-term investments 56,311 30,015
Prepaid expenses 1,137 694
--------- ---------
Total current assets 169,493 198,258
Property and equipment, net 21,408 19,349
Debt issuance costs, net 8,843 9,524
Prepaid licenses 219 230
Deposits and other assets 358 354
Intangible asset, net 401 490
--------- ---------
Total assets $ 200,722 $ 228,205
========= =========
Liabilities, Redeemable warrants and Stockholders' Deficit
----------------------------------------------------------
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 4,423 $ 3,047
Other current liabilities 904 1,300
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities 5,327 4,347
Notes payable 258,744 243,031
--------- ---------
Total liabilities 264,071 247,378
--------- ---------
Redeemable warrants 1,661 1,139
--------- ---------
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, $.001 par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized;
21,382,932 and 21,372,287 shares issued and outstanding
at December 31, 1998 and June 30, 1998, respectively. 21 21
Common stock, $.001 par value; 60,000,000 shares authorized;
17,379,669 and 17,200,178 shares issued and outstanding
at December 31, 1998 and June 30, 1998, respectively. 17 17
Additional paid-in capital 117,405 115,759
Deferred compensation (1,668) --
Deficit accumulated during the development stage (180,785) (136,109)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) (65,010) (20,312)
--------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit $ 200,722 $ 228,205
========= =========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
1
<PAGE>
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
--------------------------------- -------------------------------
1998 1997 1998 1997
------------- ------------ ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue $ 57 $ 5 $ 120 $ 5
Operating expenses:
Programming 2,068 1,428 3,939 2,454
Operations 1,936 1,077 4,102 1,783
Engineering and development 6,185 2,776 11,159 7,527
Sales and marketing 1,381 951 2,606 1,610
General and administrative 3,819 2,245 6,792 3,517
Depreciation and amortization 2,446 1,071 4,692 2,094
Amortization of intangible assets 45 -- 89 --
Acquired in-process research & -- -- -- --
development
-------- -------- ------------- ------------
Total operating expenses 17,880 9,548 33,379 18,985
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net operating loss (17,823) (9,543) (33,259) (18,980)
-------- -------- -------- --------
Other (income) expense, net:
Equity in loss of investee -- (444) -- (1,273)
Interest income 2,317 632 4,991 1,405
Interest expense (8,387) (958) (16,408) (1,703)
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total other (income) expense, net (6,070) (770) (11,417) (1,571)
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss before extraordinary item (23,893) (10,313) (44,676) (20,551)
Extraordinary item:
Loss on early extinguishment of debt -- -- -- --
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss $(23,893) $(10,313) $(44,676) $(20,551)
Accretion of redeemable warrants (137) (978) (522) (1,148)
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $(24,030) $(11,291) $(45,198) $(21,699)
======== ======== ======== ========
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Loss before extraordinary item $1.40 $0.70 $2.65 $1.34
Extraordinary loss-early extinguishment
of debt -- -- -- --
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss per share $1.40 $0.70 $2.65 $1.34
======== ======== ======== ========
Shares used in per share computation 17,116 16,255 17,063 16,171
======== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from
July 1, 1995
(Inception)
to
December 31, 1998
-----------------
<S> <C>
Revenue $ 202
Operating expenses:
Programming 13,610
Operations 9,984
Engineering and development 49,427
Sales and marketing 11,021
General and administrative 20,499
Depreciation and amortization 10,875
Amortization of intangible assets 134
Acquired in-process research & 28,382
development ---------
Total operating expenses 143,932
---------
Net operating loss (143,730)
---------
Other (income) expense, net:
Equity in loss of investee (3,354)
Interest income 11,098
Interest expense (34,123)
---------
Total other (income) expense, net (26,379)
---------
Net loss before extraordinary item (170,109)
Extraordinary item:
Loss on early extinguishment of debt 10,676
---------
Net loss $(180,785)
---------
Accretion of redeemable warrants (1,377)
---------
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $(182,162)
=========
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Loss before extraordinary item $11.73
Extraordinary loss-early extinguishment
of debt 0.73
---------
Net loss per share $12.46
=========
Shares used in per share computation 14,626
=========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
2
<PAGE>
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended December 31, Inception to date
------------------------------- ------------------
1998 1997 December 31, 1998
------------- ------------ -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss $(44,676) $(20,551) $(180,785)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in
operating activities:
Acquired in-process research and development -- -- 28,382
Depreciation 4,692 2,094 10,875
Amortization of intangible assets 89 -- 134
Equity in loss of investee -- 1,273 3,354
Write off of fixed asset, net 1,161 -- 1,161
Amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion
of discount on notes payable 16,404 1,870 34,064
Amortization of deferred stock compensation 318 -- 318
Issuance of stock for research and development -- -- 240
Extraordinary loss -- -- 10,676
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (432) (354) (1,292)
Accounts payable 1,376 (756) 1,796
Payable to related party -- 372 --
Other current liabilities (396) -- 904
-------- -------- ---------
Net cash used in operating activities (21,464) (16,052) (90,173)
-------- -------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment (7,912) (6,877) (29,888)
Deposits on property and equipment (4) -- (6,611)
Purchases of short-term investments (26,296) (2,267) (56,311)
Cash acquired in business combination -- -- 402
Purchase of Norstar -- -- (3,358)
Restricted cash released -- 3,230 18,230
-------- -------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities (34,212) (5,914) (77,536)
-------- -------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of preferred stock -- 45,980 73,860
Exercise of stock options 182 153 565
Issuance of common stock -- -- 56
Proceeds from notes payable, net of issuance costs -- -- 205,302
Payments on notes payable (10) -- (29)
-------- -------- ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities 172 46,133 279,754
-------- -------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (55,504) 24,167 112,045
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 167,549 234 --
-------- -------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $112,045 $ 24,401 $ 112,045
======== ======== =========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated
financial statements.
3
<PAGE>
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
(A Development State Company)
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1-The Company And Basis Of Presentation
DIVA Systems Corporation (the "Company"), a Delaware corporation, was
formed in July 1995 to design, develop, and market a proprietary video-on-demand
service for the cable television industry. The Company is in the development
stage, and its primary activities to date have included performing research and
development, licensing program content, manufacturing the necessary equipment,
developing a service offering, establishing strategic alliances, deploying
service trials and limited commercial launches with cable operators and raising
capital.
The interim unaudited financial statements as of December 31, 1998, and for
the six months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, and for the period from July 1,
1995 (inception) to December 31, 1998, have been prepared on substantially the
same basis as the Company's audited financial statements and include all
adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, that, in the opinion
of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial
information set forth herein. The results of operations for current interim
periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the current
year or any other period.
These interim unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction
with the Company's annual financial statements for the year ended June 30, 1998.
Note 2-Basis and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share is computed using net loss adjusted
for the accretion of the redeemable warrants and the weighted-average number of
outstanding shares of common stock. Potentially dilutive securities, including
options, warrants, restricted common stock, and preferred stock, have been
excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because the effect
of the inclusion would be antidilutive.
Note 3-Acquisition of SRTC
On January 15, 1998, the Company and Sarnoff Real Time Corporation ("SRTC")
executed an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization setting forth their agreement
to merge SRTC into the Company, with the Company as the surviving corporation
(the "SRTC Transaction"). On that date, the Company held approximately 40% of
the outstanding capital stock of SRTC. In exchange for the remaining
approximately 60% of the issued and outstanding stock of SRTC, the Company
issued 3,277,539 shares of Series AA preferred stock valued at $6.50 per share.
The fair value was determined by the Company's Board of Directors based on the
most recent sales of preferred securities and the then current financial
condition of the Company, as well as other business considerations. In
addition, the Company reserved 276,792 shares of its Series AA preferred stock
for issuance upon exercise of options assumed by the Company in the transaction.
These options
4
<PAGE>
were valued at $1,744,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and were
included in the purchase price. Assumptions used were as follows: Expected life
of 3 years; Volatility of 90%; Dividend yield of 0%; Risk-free rate of 5.62%.
The Company also reserved 380,767 shares of its common stock for use in
connection with the future issuance of options to SRTC employees. The purchase
price of $23,049,000 is comprised of the fair value of the preferred stock
issued ($21,305,000) and the fair value of options assumed ($1,744,000).
The Company completed the SRTC Transaction in April 1998. The Company
accounted for the merger as a purchase, and, accordingly, the operating results
of SRTC have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements
since the date of acquisition. The Company initially allocated the purchase
price based on an appraisal by an independent third party using the cost
approach, which is the approach often used to value an early stage technology.
The purchase price of $23,049,000 was allocated as follows: $2,886,000 to the
fair value of acquired assets; $4,693,000 to assumed liabilities; $535,000 to
assumed work force; and $24,321,000 to acquired in-process research and
development. The acquired in-process research and development has not yet
reached technological feasibility and has no future alternative use until it is
further developed. The Company believes it will have to incur a significant
amount of research and development to develop the in-process technology into a
commercially viable product. There were no contingent payments, options, or
commitments included in the purchase.
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations have
been prepared as if the acquisition of SRTC had occurred as of the beginning of
fiscal 1998:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three months ended Six months ended
(in thousands, except per share data) December 31, 1997 December 31, 1997
------------------ -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Net loss.................................................... $ 37,390 $ 48,878
Basic and diluted net loss per share........................ $ 2.30 $ 3.02
</TABLE>
The pro forma results include amortization of the assumed work force of
$45,000 and $89,000 for the three months ended December 31, 1997 and the six
months ended December 31, 1997, respectively. The pro forma results are not
necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred if the acquisition
had been completed as of the beginning of each of the fiscal periods presented,
nor are they necessarily indicative of future consolidated results.
5
<PAGE>
Item 2. Management's Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And
Results Of Operations
The following discussion of the financial condition and results of
operations of DIVA Systems Corporation ("DIVA" or the "Company") should be read
in conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Interim Financial Statements for
the six months ended December 31, 1998. This discussion contains forward-
looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, including but not
limited to, certain assumptions regarding increases in customers, revenues and
certain expenses. Forward-looking statements are identified with an asterisk
(*) and reflect the Company's current expectations. Although the Company
believes that its plans, intentions and expectations reflected in such forward-
looking statements are reasonable, it can give no assurance that such plans,
intentions or expectations will be achieved. Actual results will differ and
such differences may be material. All forward-looking statements attributable to
the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the cautionary statements set forth below and in "-Factors Affecting
Operating Results."
Overview
DIVA provides a true video-on-demand ("VOD") service over the cable
television infrastructure. The Company's VOD service offers immediate in-home
access to a diverse and continuously available selection of hundreds of movies
with VCR functionality (i.e., pause, play, fast forward and rewind) and high
quality digital picture and sound. DIVA's proprietary technology is designed to
provide an economically viable turnkey digital VOD system that offers movies at
prices comparable to those charged for videotape rentals, pay-per-view and near
video-on-demand movies, but with greater convenience and functionality.
The Company was founded July 1, 1995 and is still in the development stage.
Since inception, the Company has devoted substantially all of its resources to
developing its VOD system, establishing strategic relationships, negotiating
deployment agreements, carrying out initial marketing activities and
establishing the operations necessary to support the commercial launch of the
Company's VOD service. Through December 31, 1998, the Company has generated
minimal revenues, has incurred significant losses and has substantial negative
cash flow, primarily due to the engineering and development and start-up costs
required to develop its VOD service. Since inception through December 31, 1998,
the Company had an accumulated deficit of $180.8 million. The Company currently
intends to increase its operating expenses and its capital expenditures in order
to continue to deploy, develop and market its VOD service.* As a result, the
Company expects to incur substantial additional net losses and negative cash
flow for at least the next several years.*
Results of Operations
Since its inception, the Company has engaged principally in technology
development and activities related to the startup of business operations.
Accordingly, the Company's historical revenues and expenditures are not
necessarily indicative of, and should not be relied upon as an indicator of,
revenues that may be attained or expenditures that may be incurred by the
Company in future periods.
6
<PAGE>
Revenues
Revenues consist of per-movie viewing fees, monthly service fees and the
sale of monthly subscription packages. The majority of revenues consists of
per-movie viewing fees paid by customers to view movies on demand. The Company
initiated the commercial launch of its VOD service on September 29, 1997. As of
December 31, 1998, the Company's VOD service was deployed commercially at four
multiple system operator ("MSO") locations. Revenue for the six months ended
December 31, 1997 and 1998 was $5,000 and $120,000, respectively.
DIVA realizes monthly revenue pursuant to long-term revenue sharing
agreements with MSOs. Generally, the timing and extent of deployment under each
agreement is conditioned on a successful initial deployment phase, followed by a
staged rollout in the applicable MSO system based on an agreed upon schedule.
DIVA incurs the capital expenditures necessary to deploy its VOD system a
substantial period of time prior to realizing any significant revenue.
The Company recognizes revenues under its MSO agreements only when its VOD
system is successfully integrated and operating and customer billing commences.
Accordingly, the recognition of revenues will lag the announcement of a new
cable operator agreement by at least the time necessary to install the service
and to achieve meaningful penetration and movie buy rates. In addition, the
Company believes the extent and timing of such revenues may fluctuate based on a
number of factors including the success and timing of deployment and the
Company's success in obtaining and retaining customers. Revenues are expected
to increase as the Company successfully deploys additional VOD systems and
achieves higher DIVA customer penetration.* The Company has a limited number of
customers and does not expect this number to increase substantially until the
Company deploys its VOD service utilizing industry standard set-top boxes.*
Operating Expenses
Programming expense. Programming expense includes license fees payable to
content providers, costs for the acquisition and production of digitally encoded
programming content (i.e. movies, videos, previews, promotions, etc.) and
content duplication and distribution expenses. Programming expense was $1.4
million and $2.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998,
respectively, and $2.5 million and $3.9 million for the six months ended
December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. The increase in programming expenses
was primarily attributable to the Company's recent multiple commercial
deployments and an increase in the overall volume of programming content in the
Company's library as well as increased personnel costs in the area of program
acquisition and program production services. To date, license fees payable to
content providers have been minimal.
Operations expense. Operations expense includes the cost of field
operations, both for initial launches and for the ongoing operations of the
Company's VOD service. These costs include technical support, customer service
training and support, maintenance costs for headend equipment and other field
support costs. In addition, operations expense includes personnel and other
costs which support the Company's ongoing manufacturing relationships with
third-party manufacturers
7
<PAGE>
for the Company's Sarnoff Server, DIVA converter units ("DCUs") and other
related hardware. Operations expense was $1.1 million and $1.9 million for the
three months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. Operations expense
was $1.8 million and $4.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 1997 and
1998, respectively. The increase in operations expense is primarily attributable
to increased costs, including significant increases in personnel, to support the
Company's existing and future commercial deployments and to increased
manufacturing support costs, primarily in connection with manufacturing DCUs.
Engineering and Development Expense. Engineering and development expense
consists of salaries, consulting fees and other costs to support product
development, prototype hardware costs, ongoing system software and integration
and new services technology. To date, the most substantial portion of the
Company's operating expenses has been engineering and development expense.
Engineering and development expense was $2.8 million and $ 6.2 million for the
three months ended December 31, 1997 and December 31, 1998, respectively, and
$7.5 million and $11.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 1997 and
1998, respectively. Included in engineering and development expense for the six
months ended December 31, 1997 was approximately $2.8 million in one-time
prototype set-top box costs related to costs for materials and components
incurred by a third-party manufacturer which were expensed because the Company
has no future alternative use for the components. There was no comparable
expense for the six months ended December 31, 1998. The increase in engineering
and development expense between the six months ended December 31, 1997 and
December 31, 1998, net of the aforementioned one-time prototype costs, was
primarily due to the hiring of additional engineering personnel in connection
with the Company's further development and refinement of its VOD service
technology, including activities directed toward reducing the cost of its
technology. In addition, the Company has dedicated significant engineering and
development resources toward the integration of its VOD technology with various
industry adopted two-way digital platforms, including digital set-top boxes.
Included in engineering and development expense for the six months ended
December 31, 1998 was $3.0 million attributable to the Company's SRTD division
and $1.2 million in server prototype expenses. (The SRTD division was created as
result of the Company's acquisition of SRTC on April 1, 1998. The SRTD division
is responsible for the development and manufacture of the Company's VOD server.)
There were no comparable expenses for the six months ending December 31, 1997.
The Company intends to increase engineering and development expenses to fund
continued development and enhancements of its VOD service.* The Company believes
significant investments in engineering and development will be necessary to
remain competitive and to respond to market pressures.
Sales and Marketing Expense. Sales and marketing expense consists of the
costs of marketing DIVA's VOD system to MSOs and their customers, and include
business development and marketing personnel, travel expenses, trade shows,
consulting fees and promotional costs. In addition, sales and marketing expense
includes costs related to acquiring customers, such as telemarketing, direct
mailings, targeted advertising and promotional campaigns. Sales and marketing
expense was $951,000 and $1.4 million for the three months ended December 31,
1997 and 1998, respectively. Sales and marketing expense was $1.6 million and
$2.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily the result of expanded
business development activity, increased promotional and product awareness
expenditures and increased consumer marketing and branding expenses in
8
<PAGE>
connection with the Company's existing commercial deployments. The Company
expects sales and marketing expense to continue to increase as the Company
pursues and enters into new agreements.*
General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense
consists primarily of salaries and related expenses of management and
administrative personnel, professional fees and general corporate and
administrative expenses. General and administrative expense covers a broad range
of the Company's infrastructure including corporate functions such as executive
administration, finance, legal, human resources and facilities. In addition,
general and administrative expense includes costs associated with the
development, support and growth of the Company's complex information system
infrastructure.
General and administrative expense was $2.2 million and $3.8 million for
the three months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. General and
administrative expense was $3.5 million and $6.8 million for the six months
ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. The increase in general and
administrative expense was primarily the result of increased personnel necessary
to support the growth of the Company in all phases of its operations, including
existing and future commercial deployments. General and administrative expenses
are expected to increase due to the addition of personnel required to support
expansion of the Company's business operations.*
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense
includes depreciation of property and equipment, including Sarnoff Servers and
other headend hardware. Generally, depreciation is calculated using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range
from three to five years. Depreciation and amortization expense was $1.1
million and $2.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998,
respectively, and $2.1 million and $4.7 million for the six months ended
December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. The increase is primarily due to the
increased number of servers and related hardware operating commercially at MSO
headends for the Company's VOD service. Depreciation and amortization expenses
are expected to continue to increase substantially due to planned expenditures
for capital equipment and other capital costs associated with the deployment and
expansion of the Company's business.*
Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization of intangible assets
represents the amortization expense related to the intangible assets, consisting
of the assumed and assembled workforce, which were recorded as a result of the
Company's acquisition of SRTC on April 1, 1998. Intangible assets are amortized
on a straight-line basis over three years. Amortization of intangible assets
was $89,000 for the six months ended December 31, 1998. There was no comparable
expense for the six months ended December 31, 1997.
Other Income and Expense
Other income and expense primarily consists of interest income and interest
expense. Interest income consists of earnings on cash, cash equivalents and
short-term investments. Interest income was $632,000 and $2.3 million for the
three months ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively and $1.4 million and
$5.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 1997 and
9
<PAGE>
1998, respectively. The increase in interest income is the result of increased
cash and cash equivalents balances, which are invested in short-term interest
bearing accounts, and an increase in short-term investments over the comparable
prior period. Interest expense consists of accreted interest on the Company's
indebtedness. Interest expense increased substantially from $958,000 for the
three months ended December 31, 1997 to $8.4 million for the three months ended
December 31, 1998. Interest expense increased from $1.7 million for the six
months ended December 31, 1997 to $16.4 million for the six months ended
December 31, 1998. The increase in interest expense was due to the significant
increase in the Company's debt as a result of the offering of the Company's 12-
5/8% Senior Discount Notes due 2008 (the "1998 Notes") which was completed on
February 19, 1998. The 1998 Notes were issued at a substantial discount from
their aggregate principal amount at maturity of $463.0 million. Although cash
interest is not payable on the 1998 Notes prior to September 1, 2003, the
Company's interest expense includes the accretion of such interest expense. The
carrying amount of the 1998 Notes will accrete to its face value by March 1,
2003. Beginning September 1, 2003, cash interest will be payable on the notes
semi-annually in arrears on each March 1/st/ and September 1/st/ at the rate of
12 5/8% per annum.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
From inception through December 31, 1998, the Company has financed its
operations primarily through the gross proceeds of private placements totaling
approximately $76.3 million of equity and $250.0 million of high yield debt
securities, net of repayments. As of December 31, 1998, the Company had cash
and cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $168.4 million.
In May 1996, the Company received $25.0 million in gross proceeds from the
sale of 47,000 units, consisting of subordinated discount notes due 2006 (the
"1996 Notes") with an aggregate principal amount at maturity of $47.0 million
and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,898,800 shares of common stock.
Aggregate proceeds of $285,000 were attributed to these warrants. In connection
with the new offering of units described below, the Company subsequently retired
all of the 1996 Notes in a debt exchange.
In July and August 1996, the Company completed the sale of Series C
Preferred Stock for approximately $25.9 million in gross proceeds.
In August and September 1997, the Company completed the sale of Series D
Preferred Stock for approximately $47.4 million in gross proceeds.
On February 19, 1998, the Company received $250.0 million in gross proceeds
from an offering of 463,000 units consisting of the 1998 Notes with an aggregate
principal amount at maturity of $463.0 million and warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 2,778,000 shares of common stock. Of these units, a total of
404,998 units were offered for sale and an additional 58,002 units were
exchanged for all the 1996 Notes. Each unit consists of one 1998 Note and three
warrants, each to purchase two shares of the Company's common stock at $0.005
per share. The 1998 Notes are senior unsecured indebtedness of the Company and
rank pari passu with any future unsubordinated unsecured indebtedness. The 1998
Notes will be senior to any future subordinated
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indebtedness of the Company, but effectively will be subordinated to any secured
indebtedness of the Company.
The 1998 Notes were issued at a substantial discount from their aggregate
principal amount at maturity of $463.0 million. Although cash interest is not
payable on the 1998 Notes prior to September 1, 2003, the Company's interest
expense includes the accretion of such interest expense and the carrying amount
of the 1998 Notes will accrete to face value by March 1, 2003. Beginning
September 1, 2003, cash interest will be payable on the notes semi-annually in
arrears on each March 1 and September 1 at the rate of 12 5/8% per annum. There
are no principal payments due on the 1998 Notes prior to maturity on March 1,
2008.
The gross proceeds to the Company from the issuance of the 1998 Notes were
approximately $250.0 million. In connection with the offering, the Company
recorded approximately $18.1 million in additional paid-in capital representing
the fair value of the warrants calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model. In addition, the Company recorded an extraordinary loss of approximately
$10.7 million resulting from the early extinguishment of the 1996 Notes. The
net proceeds from the offering of the 1998 Notes were approximately $200.0
million, after deducting placement fees and other offering costs and the early
extinguishment of the 1996 Notes.
In connection with the SRTC Transaction, $24.3 million of the purchase
price was allocated to acquired in-process research and development. At this
time, there have been no changes in assumptions used in the valuation of the
acquired in-process research and development. For the six-month period and
three-month period ended December 31, 1998, the Company has spent approximately
$5.5 million and $2.8 million, respectively, on further server development.
The Company expects to incur significant capital expenditures and operating
expenses in the future.* Capital expenditures include the Sarnoff Servers and
related headend equipment, and general capital expenditures associated with the
anticipated growth of the Company. The amount of capital expenditures will, in
part, be driven by the rate at which cable operators introduce the Company's VOD
service and the rate at which customers subscribe to the VOD service. In
addition to capital expenditures, the Company anticipates expending a
significant portion of its resources for sales and marketing, continued
development and enhancement of existing technology, development of new consumer
services and other expenses associated with the delivery of the Company's VOD
service to customers.* Actual capital requirements may vary from expectations
and will depend on numerous future factors and conditions, many of which are
outside of the Company's control, including, but not limited to (i) the ability
of the Company to meet its development and deployment schedules; (ii) the
accuracy of the Company's assumptions regarding the rate and extent of
commercial deployment and market acceptance by cable operators and customers;
(iii) the extent that cable operators choose to deploy industry standard, DIVA-
compatible set-top boxes; (iv) the number of customers choosing DIVA's VOD
service and their buying patterns; (v) the nature and penetration of new
services to be offered by the Company; (vi) unanticipated costs; and (vii) the
need to respond to competitive pressures and technological changes. The Company
believes that its cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at December
31, 1998 will be sufficient to satisfy the Company's liquidity at least through
the end of its fiscal year.* Thereafter, the Company will need to raise
significant additional funds to support its operations. However, the Company may
need to raise additional funds earlier if its estimates of working capital
and/or capital expenditure requirements change or prove to be inaccurate. The
Company may also need to raise significant additional funds in order to respond
to unforeseen technological or marketing hurdles or to take advantage of
unanticipated opportunities. The Company has no present commitments or
arrangements assuring it of any future equity or debt financing, and there can
be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain any such equity or debt
financing on favorable terms or at all. In the event that the
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Company is unable to obtain such additional capital, the Company will be
required to delay the expansion of its business or take other actions that could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results and
financial condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service
its indebtedness. To the extent the Company raises additional cash by issuing
equity securities, existing stockholders of the Company will be diluted.
Financial Market Risks
The Company is exposed to financial market risks, including changes in
interest rates and marketable equity security prices. The Company typically does
not attempt to reduce or eliminate its market exposures on its investment
securities because the majority of the Company's investments are short-term.
The fair value of the company's investment portfolio or related income would
not be significantly impacted by either a 100 basis point increase or decrease
in interest rates due mainly to the short-term nature of the major portion of
the Company's investment portfolio.
All of the potential changes noted above are based on sensitivity analysis
performed on the Company's balances as of June 30, 1998.
Year 2000 Compliance
Many computer systems and software and electronic products are coded to accept
only two-digit entries in the date code field. These date code fields will need
to accept four digit entries to distinguish 21st century dates from 20th century
dates. As a result, computer systems and software ("IT Systems") and other
property and equipment not directly associated with information and billing
systems ("Non-IT Systems"), such as phones, other office equipment used by many
companies, including the Company and MSOs, may need to be upgraded, repaired or
replaced to comply with such "Year 2000" requirements.
The Company has conducted an internal review of most of its internal corporate
headquarters IT Systems, including finance, human resources, Intranet
applications and payroll systems. DIVA has contacted most of the vendors of its
internal corporate headquarters IT Systems to determine potential exposure to
Year 2000 issues and has obtained certificates from such vendors assuring Year
2000 compliance. Although the Company has determined that most of its principal
internal corporate headquarters IT Systems are Year 2000 compliant, certain of
such internal systems, including its Windows NT operating system and internal
networking systems is not Year 2000 compliant or has not been evaluated by the
Company. In addition, the Company has tested and analyzed its proprietary VOD
hardware and software for Year 2000 compliance. As a result of such testing and
analysis, the Company has verified that it does not expect to encounter Year
2000 compliance issues with respect to such proprietary VOD hardware and
software. To date, costs to the Company of Year 2000 compliance related to its
proprietary VOD hardware and software have been included with the Company's
overall engineering and development activities as a component of the overall
design of the Company's VOD service. Such costs have not been material to the
Company's financial position or results of operations.
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The Company has appointed a task force (the "Task Force") to oversee Year
2000 issues. The Task Force is expected to review all IT Systems and Non-IT
Systems that have not been determined to be Year 2000 compliant and will attempt
to identify and implement solutions to ensure such compliance.* To date, the
Company has spent an immaterial amount to remediate its Year 2000 issues. The
Company presently estimates that the total cost of addressing its Year 2000
issues will be immaterial.* These estimates were derived utilizing numerous
assumptions, including the assumption that it has already identified its most
significant Year 2000 issues and that the plans of its third-party suppliers and
MSOs which currently deploy the Company's VOD service will be fulfilled in a
timely manner without cost to the Company. However, these assumptions may not be
accurate, and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated.
The Company has been informed by most of its suppliers and MSOs that
currently deploy its VOD service that such suppliers and MSOs will be Year 2000
compliant by the Year 2000. The Company has been informed that the companies
that perform billing services for MSOs may not be fully Year 2000 compliant. The
Company understands that these companies have devoted resources to becoming Year
2000 compliant. Any failure of these third parties systems to timely achieve
Year 2000 compliance could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business operating results and financial condition and its ability to achieve
sufficient cash flow to service its indebtedness.
The Company has not determined the state of compliance of certain third-
party suppliers of services such as phone companies, long distance carriers,
financial institutions and electric companies, the failure of any one of which
could severely disrupt the Company's ability to carry on its business as well as
disrupt the business of the Company's customers.
Failure to provide Year 2000 compliant business solutions to MSOs or to
receive such business solutions from its suppliers could result in liability to
the Company or otherwise have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. The Company
could be affected through disruptions in the operation of the enterprises with
which it interacts or from general widespread problems or an economic crisis
resulting from noncompliant Year 2000 systems. Despite the Company's efforts to
address the Year 2000 effect on its internal systems and business operations,
such effect could result in a material disruption of its business or have a
material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial
condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its
indebtedness. The Company has not developed a contingency plan to respond to any
of the foregoing consequences of internal and external failures to be Year 2000,
but expects the Task Force to develop such a plan.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) recently issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive
Income. SFAS No. 130 establishes standards for reporting and displaying
comprehensive income and its components in financial statements. It does not,
however, require a specific format, but requires the Company to display an
amount representing total comprehensive income for the period in its
consolidated financial statements. For all periods presented, comprehensive loss
equals net loss.
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The FASB also recently issued SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of
an Enterprise and Related Information. SFAS No. 131 establishes standards for
the way public business enterprises are to report information about operating
segments in annual financial statements and requires those enterprises to report
selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. SFAS
No. 131 is effective for financial statements for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 1997. The Company has determined that it does not have any
separately reportable business segments.
In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
(AICPA) issued Statement of Position ("SOP") No. 98-1, "Software for Internal
Use," which provides guidance on accounting for the cost of computer software
developed or obtained for internal use. SOP No. 98-1 is effective for financial
statements for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1998. The Company does
not expect that the adoption of SOP No. 98-1 will have a material impact on its
consolidated financial statements.
In April 1998, the AICPA issued SOP No. 98-5, "Reporting on the Costs of
Start-Up Activities," which provides guidance on the financial reporting of
start-up costs and organization costs. It requires costs of start-up activities
and organization costs to be expensed as incurred. SOP No. 98-5 is effective for
financial statements for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1998. The
Company does not expect that the adoption of SOP 98-5 will have a material
impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Factors Affecting Operating Results
Substantial Leverage; Ability to Service Indebtedness; Restrictive
Covenants
As a result of the issuance of the 1998 Notes, the Company is highly
leveraged. As of December 31, 1998, the Company had total debt of approximately
$258.7 million, accreting to $463.0 million in 2003. The Company believes its
existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet its cash
requirements at least through the end of its fiscal year.* Thereafter, the
Company will require substantial additional indebtedness primarily to fund
operating deficits and to finance the continued development and enhancement of
its VOD system and to fund capital expenditures in connection with commercial
deployment of its system. See "-- Substantial Future Capital Requirements." As a
result, the Company expects that it will continue to have substantial
indebtedness.* The degree to which the Company is leveraged could have important
consequences to the holders of the 1998 Notes, including, but not limited to,
the following: (i) the Company's ability to obtain additional financing in the
future for working capital, system deployments, development and enhancement of
its VOD system, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate
purposes may be materially limited or impaired; (ii) the Company's cash flow, if
any, will not be available for the Company's business because a substantial
portion of the Company's cash flow must be dedicated to the payment of principal
and interest on its indebtedness; (iii) the terms of future permitted
indebtedness may limit the Company's ability to redeem the 1998 Notes in the
event of a Change of Control (as defined); and (iv) the Company's high degree of
leverage may make it more
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vulnerable to economic downturns, may limit its ability to withstand competitive
pressures and may reduce its flexibility in responding to changing business and
economic conditions.
The ability of the Company to make scheduled debt service payments
(including with respect to the 1998 Notes) will depend upon the Company's
ability to achieve significant and sustained growth in its cash from operations
and to complete necessary additional financings. The Company's ability to
generate sufficient cash from operations is dependent upon, among other things,
the market acceptance and customer demand for its VOD service, the Company's
ability to successfully continue the development and enhancement of its system
including the Sarnoff Server, set-top box and network, including compatibility
with evolving industry standards as they are defined, the future operating
performance of the Company, integration of its digital platform with those
provided by major cable industry suppliers, the Company's ability to obtain
long-term contracts with MSOs and the rate of and success of commercial
deployment of its VOD system. The Company expects that it will continue to
generate operating losses and negative cash flow for at least the next several
years.* No assurance can be given that the Company will be successful in
achieving and maintaining a level of cash from operations sufficient to permit
it to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on its indebtedness. If
the Company is unable to generate sufficient cash from operations to service its
indebtedness, it may have to forego or delay development and enhancement of its
VOD system and service, reduce or delay system deployments, restructure or
refinance its indebtedness or seek additional equity capital or debt financing.
There can be no assurance that (i) any such strategy could be effected on
satisfactory terms, if at all, in light of the Company's high leverage or (ii)
any such strategy would yield sufficient proceeds to service the Company's
indebtedness, including the 1998 Notes. Any failure by the Company to satisfy
its obligations with respect to the 1998 Notes or any other indebtedness could
result in a default under the Indenture and could cause a default under
agreements governing other indebtedness of the Company. In the event of such a
default, the holders of such indebtedness would have enforcement rights,
including the right to accelerate such debt and the right to commence an
involuntary bankruptcy proceeding against the Company. Absent a certain level of
successful commercial deployment of its VOD service, ongoing technical
development and enhancement of its VOD system and significant growth of its cash
flow, the Company will not be able to service its indebtedness.
The indenture governing the 1998 Notes (the "Indenture") imposes operating
and financial restrictions on the Company and its subsidiaries. These
restrictions will affect, and in certain cases significantly limit or prohibit,
among other things, the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur
additional indebtedness, create liens upon assets, apply the proceeds from the
disposal of assets, make investments, make dividend payments and other
distributions on capital stock and redeem capital stock. There can be no
assurance that such covenants will not adversely affect the Company's ability to
finance its future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business
activities that may be in the interest of the Company. However, the limitations
in the Indenture will be subject to a number of important qualifications and
exceptions. In particular, while the Indenture will restrict the Company's
ability to incur indebtedness by requiring that specified leverage ratios are
met, it will permit the Company and its subsidiaries to incur substantial
indebtedness (which may be secured indebtedness), without regard to such ratios,
to finance the acquisition of equipment, inventory or network assets or to
finance or support working capital and capital expenditures for its business.
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Substantial Future Capital Requirements
The Company will require substantial additional funds for the continued
development and commercial deployment of its VOD service. As of December 31,
1998, the Company had approximately $168.4 million in cash, cash equivalents and
short-term investments. From inception until December 31, 1998, the Company had
an accumulated deficit of $180.8 million. The Company has made and expects to
continue to make significant investments in working capital and capital
expenditures in order to continue required development activities, continue to
commercially deploy its VOD service and fund operations until such time, if at
all, as the Company begins to generate positive cash flows from operations.* The
Company expects that its cash flow from operating and investing activities will
be increasingly negative over at least the next several years.* The Company
believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
will be sufficient to meet its working capital and capital expenditure
requirements at least through the end of its fiscal year.* Thereafter, the
Company will need to raise significant additional funds to support its
operations. However, the Company may need to raise additional funds earlier if
its estimates of working capital and/or capital expenditure requirements change
or prove to be inaccurate. The Company may also need to raise significant
additional funds in order to respond to unforeseen technological or marketing
hurdles or to take advantage of unanticipated opportunities. Actual capital
requirements may vary from expectations and will depend on numerous future
factors and conditions, many of which are outside of the Company's control,
including, but not limited to (i) the ability of the Company to meet its
development and deployment schedules; (ii) the accuracy of the Company's
assumptions regarding the rate and extent of commercial deployment and market
acceptance by cable operators and customers; (iii) the extent that cable
operators choose to deploy DIVA Converter Units ("DCUs") as opposed to set-top
boxes manufactured by cable industry suppliers that are DIVA-compatible; (iv)
the number of customers choosing the Company's VOD service and their buying
patterns; (v) the nature and penetration of new services to be offered by the
Company; (vi) unanticipated costs; and (vii) the need to respond to competitive
pressures and technological changes. The Company has no present commitments or
arrangements assuring it of any future equity or debt financing, and there can
be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain any such equity or debt
financing on favorable terms or at all. In the event that the Company is unable
to obtain such additional capital, the Company will be required to delay the
expansion of its business or take other actions that could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its
indebtedness.
Development Stage Company; Limited Revenues; History of Losses
The Company is a development stage company with limited commercial
operating history, having commercially deployed its VOD service on a limited
basis beginning in September 1997. The Company has incurred substantial net
losses in the period since inception through December 31, 1998 of approximately
$180.8 million. The Company expects to continue to incur substantial losses and
experience substantial negative cash flow for at least the next several years as
it continues to develop and deploy its VOD service.* The Company's limited
operating history makes the prediction of future operating results difficult or
impossible. Through December 31, 1998, the
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Company recognized revenues of approximately $202,000. The Company does not
expect to generate any substantial revenues unless and until its VOD service is
deployed at a significant number of additional headend locations and it has a
substantial number of customers.*
The Company's prospects should be considered in light of the risks,
expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their early
stage of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving
markets. The Company's future success depends in part on its ability to
accomplish a number of objectives, including, but not limited to (i) further
technical development of and reduction of the cost of manufacturing the Sarnoff
Server and other system components and modification of the service software for
future advances, (ii) modification of its headend equipment and of headend
equipment provided by cable industry suppliers and further integration of all
such headend equipment and related systems in order to achieve cost reductions
and reduce physical space requirements for widespread VOD deployment in a large
number of headends, (iii) continued scaling of the entire end-to-end system and
its implementation for use with larger numbers of customers and an increased
number of movie titles, (iv) further development of the Sarnoff Server required
for large-scale deployment of its VOD service and for other interactive and
digital applications, (v) continued integration of its digital platform with
two-way digital platforms developed and to be developed by cable industry
equipment suppliers, including set-top boxes and headend equipment, (vi)
integrating its digital platform or software with other digital applications and
services selected by the cable operator, including joint or coordinated
integration of set-top box and headend components and software provided by the
Company and cable industry equipment suppliers to enable such other digital
applications, (vii) designing and accessing content packages and service
offerings that will attract ongoing consumer demand for the Company's VOD
service on competitive economic terms, (viii) enhancement of its system to offer
additional services, including music videos and time-shifting, (ix) completion
of initial deployments with acceptable system performance and consumer
acceptance, (x) integrating DIVA's VOD service with other digital services that
cable operators may offer, (xi) entering into long-term service contracts on
acceptable terms with MSOs and (xii) raising significant additional debt and/or
equity financing to fund the Company's cash requirements.
Uncertainty of Future Revenues; Fluctuating Operating Results
As a result of the Company's limited operating history and the emerging
nature of the market in which it competes, the Company is unable to accurately
forecast its revenues. The Company does not have historical financial data for a
significant number of periods on which to base planned operating expenses and
plans its operating expenses based on anticipated deployments, which require
significant investments before any revenues are generated. If deployments in a
particular period do not meet expectations, it is likely that the Company will
not be able to adjust significantly its level of expenditures for such period,
which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating
results and financial condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow
to service its indebtedness. The Company expects to incur significant operating
expenses in order to continue development activities, secure initial
deployments, continue to commercially deploy its VOD service and expand its
operations.* The cost of deployments is highly variable and will depend upon a
wide variety of factors, including the cable system architecture, the size of
the service area served by a single Sarnoff Server, local labor rates and other
economic factors. In
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particular, the Company must install Sarnoff Servers at a headend in advance of
generating any significant revenues from customers served by such headend. To
the extent that expenses are not subsequently followed by increased revenues,
the Company's business, operating results and financial condition and its
ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its indebtedness would be
materially adversely affected.
The timing and amount of future revenues will depend in large part upon the
Company's ability to obtain long-term contracts with cable companies and the
successful deployment of its VOD service pursuant to such agreements. New
deployment agreements are expected to be secured on an irregular basis, if at
all, and there may be prolonged periods of time during which the Company does
not enter into new agreements or expanded arrangements. Furthermore, actual
deployments under such agreements are expected to occur at irregular intervals,
and the Company will have little control over when such deployments will occur,
which will make revenues difficult to forecast. Factors that may affect the
Company's operating results included, but are not limited to: (i) the Company's
success in obtaining and retaining customers and the rate of customer churn,
(ii) customers' usage of the Company's VOD service and their buying patterns,
(iii) the rate of growth in customers, (iv) the cost of continued development of
the VOD system and other costs relating to the expansion of operations, (v)
pricing changes by the Company and its competitors, (vi) prices charged by and
the timing of payments to suppliers, (vii) the mix of the Company's service
offerings sold, (viii) the timing of payments from cable operators, (ix) the
introduction of new service offerings by the Company's competitors, (x) the
evolution of alternative forms of in-home entertainment systems, (xi) economic
conditions in the cable television industry, (xii) the market for home video
entertainment services and (xiii) general economic conditions. Any one of these
factors, most of which are outside of the Company's control, could cause the
Company's operating results to fluctuate significantly in the future. In
response to a changing competitive environment and in order to respond to local
viewing patterns, the Company may choose or may be required from time to time to
make certain pricing, service or marketing decisions or enter into strategic
alliances or investments or be required to develop upgrades or enhancements to
its system that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
operating results and financial condition and its ability to achieve sufficient
cash flow to service its indebtedness.
Due to the foregoing factors, the Company's revenues and operating results
are difficult to forecast. The Company believes that its quarterly revenues,
expenses and operating results will vary significantly in the future and that
period-to-period comparisons are not meaningful and are not indicative of future
performance. As a result of the foregoing factors, it is likely that in some
future quarters or years the Company's operating results will fall below the
expectations of securities analysts or investors, which would have a material
adverse effect on the trading price of the 1998 Notes.
Dependence on Cable Operator Participation; Unproven Business Model
The Company's future success depends in large part on its ability to sign
long-term service contracts with cable operators to deploy its VOD service. The
Company's ability to enter into long-term commitments will depend upon, among
other things, successful commercial deployment of the Company's fully-integrated
VOD system and the Company's ability to demonstrate that its VOD
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service is reliable and more attractive to customers than alternative
entertainment services such as PPV and NVOD. To date, the Company has entered
into long-term contracts with Lenfest and Chambers and contingent contracts,
subject to significant conditions, with Adelphia, Cablevision and Rifkin. The
Company is in discussions with various other cable operators regarding its VOD
service. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into
definitive agreements with any of these or any other cable operators or that the
ongoing viability of its VOD service will be successfully demonstrated. If cable
operators are not persuaded to deploy the Company's VOD service, there can be no
assurance that the Company's VOD system can be modified and successfully
marketed to other potential video providers, and such modifications would
require additional time and capital if pursued.
The Company must negotiate separate agreements with each cable operator.
The Company's business model is significantly different from those commonly
employed in the cable television industry and is based on assumptions regarding
consumer acceptance and buying patterns that are as yet unproven. Cable
operators generally enter into service agreements on a wholesale basis and own,
install and fund all customer and headend equipment. By contrast, the Company
owns, installs and funds all headend hardware and software components of its VOD
service and intends to generate earnings through long-term, revenue sharing
agreements with MSOs, involving "per view" and other content prices set by the
Company. Certain MSOs may desire to own the headend equipment and license the
related software components of the VOD system or to determine the type, number
or pricing of product offerings contained in the VOD service. The Company
believes that it may not be able to do business at all with such MSOs unless it
alters its business model. Even if MSOs generally accept the equipment/software
ownership and price setting concepts of the Company's existing business model,
different pricing models or revenue sharing concepts may be required in order to
establish business relationships with some MSOs. It is likely that MSOs will
find it difficult to determine the net effect on revenue of either adding the
Company's service to their product mix, or replacing elements of their service
offerings with the Company's VOD service. The Company's VOD service may provide
lower margins than competitive services such as NVOD and may also be viewed as
cannibalizing existing MSO offerings. Consequently, until the economics of
DIVA's business model are proven, cable operators may be reluctant to broadly
deploy its VOD service in their systems or may be unwilling to deploy it at all.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully alter
its business model, that such an alteration would not produce a material adverse
change to the economics of its business model or that cable operators will be
willing to deploy the Company's VOD service on these or any other terms. VOD is
a new market, and the Company's VOD service is only one possible means available
to cable operators for providing movies in the home. Further, consumer
acceptance of the Company's VOD service and the intensity of subscriber buying
behavior are not established. See "-- Dependence on Single Service; Acceptance
by Subscribers." There can be no assurance of broad consumer acceptance of the
Company's service or that those consumers that do utilize the VOD service will
do so with a frequency and at prices that will not materially affect the
Company's business, operating results and financial condition and its ability to
generate sufficient cash flow to meet its obligations. Although the Company
believes that it has an economically viable turnkey solution, there can be no
assurance that the Company will be successful in achieving wider adoption of its
VOD service by the cable industry or that it will be able to attract and retain
customers on economic terms that do not materially adversely affect its ability
to generate cash flow. The inability of the Company to enter
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into definitive agreements with cable operators or the lack of acceptance of its
VOD service by cable operators and their subscribers would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its
indebtedness.
Long-Term Cable Operator Agreements Dependent on Initial Commercial
Deployment
The Company's agreements with each of Adelphia, Cablevision and Rifkin are
conditioned upon the successful completion of an initial commercial deployment
phase, which is designed to allow both parties to verify the business viability
of the Company's VOD service, in accordance with certain criteria set forth in
the agreements. The Company is currently in the limited commercial deployment
phase with each of these cable operators. Following the initial commercial
deployment phase, if any such cable operator is satisfied that the Company's VOD
service meets its business and operational expectations, the Company will
continue and expand the existing deployment and commence further commercial
deployment in certain of such cable operators' systems or other cable systems on
an agreed-to schedule. If the Company's VOD service does not demonstrate
business viability or if the cable operator otherwise determines that such
service does not meet its business or operational expectations, none of
Adelphia, Cablevision nor Rifkin is obligated to deploy the Company's VOD
service. There can be no assurance that the Company will successfully complete
its initial commercial deployment phases or that its VOD system and service will
be deployed beyond the initial phases in any such cable operator's systems. In
the event the Company fails to successfully complete initial commercial
deployment in any such cable operator's systems in accordance with the
contracts, the Company will be unable to generate any cash flow from such
systems and other prospective cable companies may be reluctant to enter into
long-term commitments with the Company due to concerns about the viability of
its VOD system. The Company's long-term Lenfest contract follows the completion
of an initial commercial deployment phase, and the Company's long-term Chambers
contract is not contingent upon the successful completion of an initial
commercial deployment phase. The Company expects that contracts with some MSOs
in the future will require such a contingency.*
Limited Commercial Deployments to Date
The Company has commercially deployed its VOD service in a single headend
location in cable systems owned by Lenfest, Adelphia, Cablevision and Rifkin.
Prior to launch of the service to commercial subscribers, the Company (i)
installed a Sarnoff Server at each headend location with associated control and
management systems; (ii) installed DCUs in an agreed-to number of homes and
business locations and delivered the Company's VOD service without charge to
such locations; and (iii) completed technical testing designed to stress both
the MSO's two-way HFC plant and the Company's system and VOD service. During
these periods, the Company experienced delays due to set-top box development,
two-way cable plant readiness, and integration and related stability testing of
the Company's and the cable operator's operating platforms and systems. The
Company experienced both fewer causes of delay and delays of more limited
duration with each successive installation. While the Company anticipates
continued reduction in the duration of these periods that precede commercial
deployments,* there can be no assurance that the Company will not experience
other delays in the testing, rollout or delivery of its VOD service, that the
Company will not experience periods of increased delay in testing, rollout and
delivery as it migrates its total end-to-
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end digital platform to one integrated with third party set top boxes and
headend equipment, or that the Company's VOD service can be delivered on the
scale anticipated by the Company. The existing commercial deployments, unless
expanded in scope, will not serve more than a limited number of customers. Until
the Company is able to deploy on a large scale in one cable system, the
scalability of the Company's VOD system will remain unproven. Further, there can
be no assurance that unforeseen problems will not develop as the Company evolves
its technology, products and services, or that the Company will be successful in
the continued development, cost reduction, integration and commercial
implementation of its technology, products and services on a wide scale.
Dependence on Single Service; Acceptance by Subscribers
The Company expects to derive a substantial portion of its future revenues
from providing its VOD service to cable operators and their subscribers.* The
Company's future financial performance will depend on the successful
introduction and broad customer acceptance of its VOD service, as to which there
can be no assurance. Numerous factors could have a material adverse effect on
the level of consumer acceptance, including, but not limited to, the degree of
consumer sensitivity to (i) the price of the service, (ii) the number and type
of product offerings contained in the service and (iii) the availability,
functions and cost of a single set-top box that both enables the Company's VOD
service and replaces the customer's existing set-top box. Since there is no
existing market for true VOD service, there can be no assurance that an
acceptable level of consumer demand will be achieved. If sufficient demand for
the Company's VOD service does not develop due to lack of market acceptance,
technological change, competition or other factors, the Company's business,
operating results and financial condition and its ability to generate sufficient
cash flow to service its indebtedness would be materially adversely affected.
Risks Associated with Anticipated Growth
The Company intends to aggressively expand its operations.* The growth in
size and scale of the Company's business has placed and is expected to continue
to place significant demands on its management, operating, development, third
party manufacturing and financial resources. The Company's ability to manage
growth effectively will require continued implementation of and improvements to
its operating, manufacturing, development and financial systems and will require
the Company to expand and continue to train and manage its employee base. These
demands likely will require the addition of new management personnel and the
development of additional expertise by existing management personnel. Although
the Company believes that it has made adequate allowances for the costs and
risks associated with future growth, there can be no assurance that the
Company's systems, procedures or controls or financial resources will be
adequate to support the Company's operations or that management will be able to
keep pace with such growth. If the Company is unable to manage its growth
effectively, the Company's business, operating results, financial condition and
ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its indebtedness will be
materially adversely affected.
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Dependence on Advanced Cable Distribution Networks
The Company's VOD service requires deployment on cable systems upgraded to
HFC architecture linking headends with nodes serving not more than 2,000 homes,
with the return path from the customer to the headend activated to enable two-
way operation. According to the Cablevision Blue Book, approximately 60% of the
total U.S. homes passed by cable had been upgraded to HFC architecture with
return path capability at the end of 1997, and only a limited portion of the
upgraded plant is currently activated for two-way transmission. A number of
cable operators have announced and begun to implement major infrastructure
investments to deploy two-way capable HFC systems which require significant
financial, managerial, operating and other resources. HFC upgrades have been,
and likely will continue to be, subject to delay or cancellation. In addition,
the Company believes that the widespread deployment of VOD services will not
occur until MSOs decide to deploy digital services through this upgraded plant
and invest in new digital set-top boxes. There can be no assurance that these or
any other cable operators will continue to upgrade their cable plant or that
sufficient, suitable cable plant will be available in the future to support the
Company's VOD service. The failure of cable operators to complete planned
upgrades in a timely and satisfactory manner, or at all, and the lack of
suitable cable plant to support the Company's VOD service would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its
indebtedness. In addition, the Company will be highly dependent on cable
operators to continue to maintain their cable infrastructure in such a manner
that the Company will be able to provide consistently high performance and
reliable service. Therefore, the future success and growth of the Company's
business will also be subject to economic and other factors affecting the
ability of cable operators to finance substantial capital expenditures to
maintain and upgrade the cable infrastructure.
Risk of Technological Change and New Product Development
Rapid technological developments are expected to occur in the home video
entertainment industry. As a result, the Company has modified and expects to
continue to modify its research and development plan.* Such modifications,
including those related to the set-top box, have resulted in delays and
increased costs. Furthermore, the Company expects that it will be required to
continue to enhance its current VOD service and develop and introduce increased
functionality and performance to keep pace with technological developments and
consumer preferences.* In particular, the Company must (i) continue technical
development of and reduce the cost of manufacturing the Sarnoff Server and other
system components and modification of the service software for future advances,
(ii) modify its headend equipment and headend equipment provided by cable
industry suppliers and integrate all of such headend equipment and related
systems in order to achieve cost reductions and reduce physical space
requirements for widespread VOD deployment in a large number of headends, (iii)
complete a scalable turnkey system and test it for use with larger numbers of
customers and a large number of movie titles, (iv) continue further development
of the Sarnoff Server required for large-scale deployment of its VOD service and
for other interactive and digital applications, (v) in order to achieve broader
deployment, integrate its digital platform with two-way digital platforms
developed and to be developed by cable industry equipment suppliers, including
set top boxes and headend equipment, (vi) integrate its digital platform and/or
software with other digital applications and services selected by the cable
operator, including joint or coordinated
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integration of set top box and headend components and software provided by the
Company and cable industry equipment suppliers to enable such other digital
applications, (vii) design content packages and service offerings that will
attract ongoing consumer demand and (viii) enhance its system to offer
additional services, including music videos and time-shifting.* There can be no
assurance that the Company will, on a satisfactory timetable, be able to
accomplish any of these tasks or do so while maintaining the same functionality.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in developing and
marketing product and service enhancements or new services that respond to
technological and market changes or that the Company will not experience
difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development,
introduction and marketing of such new services or enhancements. The Company has
encountered delays in product development, service integration and field tests
and other difficulties affecting both software and hardware components of its
system and its ability to operate successfully over HFC plant. In addition, many
of the Company's competitors have substantially greater resources than the
Company to devote to further technological and new product development. See "--
Competition for VOD Services." There can be no assurance that technological and
market changes or other significant developments in VOD technology by the
Company's competitors will not render its VOD service obsolete.
Compliance with Industry Standards; Need to Integrate with Set-Top Box
Manufacturers
The cable industry has launched an initiative called "open cable," which
will redefine the requirements and features of digital set top converters as
well as the requirements and features of their control systems located in the
boxes themselves and in cable headends. The open cable initiative is managed by
CableLabs on behalf of the cable MSOs and is supported by some of the cable
equipment manufacturers, including General Instrument Corporation ("General
Instrument") and Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. ("Scientific-Atlanta"). The open cable
initiative is defining future digital platform requirements as they relate to
set-top box requirements and control systems, which could affect DIVA's digital
platform and its efforts to integrate its digital platform and VOD application
with digital set top and headend equipment manufactured by third party cable
industry suppliers. There can be no assurance that the Company will be
successful in complying with the requirements of the open cable initiative as
they are finally adopted, or that compliance will not cause difficulties that
could delay or prevent successful development, introduction or broad deployment
of its VOD service.
For the initial deployments, the Company is using a separate proprietary
set-top box that is deployed in parallel with the customer's analog cable set-
top box. All of the MSOs with which the Company has contingent and long-term
contracts have indicated their strong preference for a single box solution that
both enables the Company's VOD service and replaces the subscriber's existing
set-top box. Although the Company is developing a single box that meets these
requirements, the Company has determined that it also needs to port its VOD
solution to other digital platforms that are or will be broadly deployed in the
cable industry, including those that may be offered by General Instrument,
Scientific-Atlanta and other companies. In this regard, the Company has signed a
non-binding letter of intent with General Instrument pursuant to which the
Company has agreed to cooperate with General Instrument to make the Company's
VOD system compatible with General Instrument's Digital Network System ("DNS").
Pursuant to the letter of intent, the Company and General Instrument have
demonstrated the successful port of the Company's VOD application to the
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DNS, and the initial implementation of this integration is being tested on a
limited, non-commercial basis with Lenfest. The Company and General Instrument
are continuing joint development efforts to more closely integrate the VOD
service with DNS, including achieving cost reductions, reducing physical space
requirements of headend equipment and enabling delivery of the Company's VOD
service with encryption capability. There can be no assurance that the Company
will be successful in accomplishing the General Instrument integration on a
cost-effective basis or at all or that this letter of intent will lead to a
definitive agreement with General Instrument. Further, failure to complete the
joint development as contemplated by the General Instrument letter of intent
could result in delay in implementation of a one box solution, delay of rollout
of the Company's VOD service under existing and contemplated long-term
deployment agreements with MSOs, reluctance on the part of other MSOs to enter
into long-term agreements with the Company and reallocation of resources to
internal or other third party single box development efforts. The Company
previously entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Scientific-Atlanta
to achieve compatibility between the Company's VOD System and Scientific-
Atlanta's Digital Broadband Delivery System. This letter of intent has since
expired without resulting in a definitive agreement, and limited development or
integration activities have occurred.
If the Company is unable to pursue and complete a relationship with
Scientific-Atlanta to achieve compatibility between their respective systems,
the Company's ability to enter into relationships with MSOs that require a
single box solution and choose to deploy Scientific-Atlanta's Digital Broadband
Delivery System may be significantly impaired.
Although the Company has developed an on-screen interactive guide or
navigator that is closely integrated with its VOD service, MSO customers and
their subscribers are likely to expect a seamless link between the navigator and
industry standard electronic programming guides ("EPGs") that provide
information regarding programming schedules. The ability to create cross access
points between the navigator and various EPGs may be limited by the engineering
and memory characteristics of the digital platforms provided by major cable
industry suppliers. Further, positioning the navigator as the first or one of
the first screens viewed by a subscriber, which would create enhanced revenue
and promotional opportunities, may be limited by these third-party platform
characteristics or by existing or future agreements between EPG providers and
MSOs.
Reliance on Third-Party Manufacturers; Exposure To Component Shortages
The Company depends and will continue to depend on third parties to
manufacture the major elements of its VOD system. The Company subcontracts
manufacturing of its proprietary DCU to Jabil Circuit, Inc., components of its
Video Session Manager to Pioneer Standard and the Sarnoff Server to another
manufacturer. All of such subcontractors are bound by confidentiality
agreements. As a result of the complexity of the Company's hardware components,
manufacturing and quality control are time consuming processes. Consequently,
there can be no assurance that these manufacturers will be able to meet the
Company's requirements in a timely and satisfactory manner or the Company would
be able to find or maintain a suitable relationship with alternate qualified
manufacturers for any such elements. The Company's reliance on third-party
manufacturers involves a number of additional risks, including the absence of
guaranteed capacity and reduced control over delivery schedules, quality
assurance, production yields and costs. In the event the Company is
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unable to obtain such manufacturing on commercially reasonable terms, its
business, operating results and financial condition and its ability to achieve
sufficient cash flow to service its indebtedness would be materially adversely
affected.
Certain of the Company's subassemblies and components used in the Sarnoff
Server, the Video Session Manager and the DCU are procured from single sources
and others are procured only from a limited number of sources. Consequently, the
Company may be adversely affected by worldwide shortages of certain components,
significant price increases, reduced control over delivery schedules, and
manufacturing capability, quality and cost. Although the Company believes
alternative suppliers of products, services, subassemblies and components are
available, the lack of alternative sources could materially impair the Company's
ability to deploy its VOD system. Manufacturing lead times can be as long as
nine months for certain critical components. Therefore, the Company may require
significant working capital to pay for such components well in advance of
revenues. Moreover, a prolonged inability to obtain certain components could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results and
financial condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service
its indebtedness and could result in damage to MSO or customer relationships.
Uncertainty of Protection of Patents and Proprietary Rights
The Company's future success depends, in part, on its ability to protect
its intellectual property and maintain the proprietary nature of its technology
through a combination of patents, licenses and other intellectual property
arrangements. The Company has licensed rights to the Sarnoff Server and the DCU
initially developed by Sarnoff. Sarnoff and the Company have filed applications
and intend to file additional applications for patents covering the Sarnoff
Server. Sarnoff and the Company have filed applications for patents covering the
DCU, and the Company has filed patent applications, and intends to file
additional and derivative patent applications covering the interactive service
and its technology. There can be no assurance, however, that any patents issued
to Sarnoff or the Company will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented,
or that the rights granted thereunder will provide proprietary protection to the
Company. Despite the efforts of Sarnoff and the Company to safeguard and
maintain these proprietary rights, there can be no assurance that the Company
will be successful in doing so or that the Company's competitors will not
independently develop or patent technologies that are substantially equivalent
or superior to the Company's technologies. On August 18, 1998, the Company
received a notice from a third party licensing company stating that it has
acquired rights in two U.S. patents and that the Company's VOD system and
process are described in the claims of these patents. The Company responded to
the letter in late November 1998 stating that it does not infringe and will
consider the matter closed unless it hears back promptly. The Company has not
received a response. In early November 1998, the Company received a letter from
a company that represents a group of companies that hold MPEG-2 patents,
offering to make available a license to that group of patents. The Company and
outside patent counsel are preparing a response. The Company has filed trademark
applications on certain marks and logos. In July 1996, the Company received a
notice from a third party claiming that the Company's use of one of its
trademarks infringes a trademark right held by such party. The Company
responded to the letter in late July 1996, asserting that the use of the
trademark does not infringe on the trademark right that the party holds. The
Company has received no further response.
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In August 1998, the Company received a notice from a third party, which provides
integrated circuits for digital multimedia applications, claiming that such
third party's trademark application gives it priority over the Company's use of
the "DIVA" mark. The Company sent a response to this letter in late November
1998 stating that it does not believe there is an infringement issue and
inviting further discussions. The Company has not received a response to this
letter. The Company could encounter similar challenges to its trademarks in the
future.
Since patent applications in the U.S. are not publicly disclosed until the
patent has been issued, applications may have been filed which, if issued as
patents, would relate to the Company's products. In addition, the Company has
not conducted a comprehensive patent search relating to the technology used in
the Sarnoff Server or the Company's VOD system. The Company is subject to the
risk of claims and litigation alleging infringement of the intellectual property
rights of others. There can be no assurance that third parties will not assert
infringement claims against the Company in the future based on patents or trade
secrets or that such claims will not be successful. Parties making such claims
may be able to obtain injunctive or other equitable relief which could
effectively block the Company's ability to provide its VOD service in the U.S.
and internationally, and could result in an award of substantial damages. In the
event of a successful claim of infringement, the Company, its MSOs and other end
users may be required to obtain one or more licenses from third parties. There
can be no assurance that the Company or its customers could obtain necessary
licenses from third parties at a reasonable cost or at all. The defense of any
lawsuit could result in time consuming and expensive litigation regardless of
the merits of such claims, and damages, license fees, royalty payments and
restrictions on the Company's ability to provide its VOD service, any of which
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating
results and financial condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow
to service its indebtedness.
Risks Associated with Programming Content
The Company's success will depend, in part, on its ability to obtain access
to sufficient movies (including new releases and library titles), special
interest videos and other programming content on commercially acceptable terms.
Although the Company has entered into arrangements with most of the major movie
studios and a number of other content providers for its initial deployments,
there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to obtain
the content, during the segment of time available to VOD providers and others
such as PPV, to support its VOD service beyond the geographic area of its
initial deployments. The Company could encounter increased competition for
access to movie titles from competitors with greater resources and stronger
relationships with major movie studios than the Company, including other VOD,
NVOD or DBS providers and providers of video rentals. Such competitors could
successfully negotiate with movie studios to obtain exclusive access to certain
titles. Furthermore, studios could delay the period of time before a title
becomes available to the Company, and reduce the period of time in which a title
may be available for the VOD market. In addition, studios may require the
Company to make prepayments prior to the time that customers pay for viewing a
title or require the Company to enter into long-term contracts with minimum
payments. Further, studios may increase the license fees currently charged to
the Company. The Company's failure to obtain timely access to such content on
commercially acceptable terms would have a material adverse effect on its
business,
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operating results and financial condition and its ability to achieve sufficient
cash flow to service its indebtedness.
Competition for VOD Services
The market for in-home video entertainment services is intensely
competitive, rapidly evolving and subject to rapid technological change. The
Company expects competition in the market for VOD services to intensify and
increase in the future.* A number of companies have announced an intention to
introduce a VOD service or deliver VOD components that might be deployed by a
video service provider. Intertainer, a company owned in part by Comcast Cable
Communications ("Comcast"), Intel Corporation ("Intel"), Sony Corp. of America
and NBC, is currently conducting trials with Comcast and US West to provide VOD
and other services over high speed networks such as ADSL (Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line) and cable modems primarily to the personal computer, but plans
to provide services to television sets in the future. It is possible that
companies currently operating overseas will adapt their technology and offer it
through high-speed networks in the U.S. Elmsdale Media is currently conducting a
trial for its VOD system in Cardiff, Wales for NTL Inc. VideoNet is conducting a
trial in Britain over telephone wires offering VOD and other interactive
services to non-paying customers. Hongkong Telecom began offering commercial
interactive services, including VOD, in March 1998 and has gained over 100,000
paying subscribers. Other companies internationally and domestically have also
announced plans to provide VOD services which vary in degree of commercial
viability. There can be no assurance that these or other companies will not
provide equivalent or more attractive capabilities that could be more acceptable
to cable operators and their subscribers.
It is also possible that such competitors may form new alliances, develop a
competitive VOD service and rapidly acquire significant market share. Such
competition would materially and adversely affect the Company's business,
operating results and financial condition. Companies that are or may be capable
of delivering VOD components include Concurrent Computer Corp, Celerity Systems
Inc., Mitsubishi Electronics America, Nippon Electric Corp., nCube, Pioneer and
its affiliates, SeaChange International, Inc., Silicon Graphics Inc., Unisys,
General Instrument, Scientific-Atlanta, Sony Corporation, Vivid Technology Inc.
and FreeLinQ Communications Corporation. Some of these competitors have
developed VOD products that have undergone tests or trials and may succeed in
obtaining market acceptance of their products more rapidly than the Company. In
addition, Time Warner Inc. previously field tested an integrated system solution
utilizing components from a number of the aforementioned entities. This trial
has since been terminated. Notwithstanding termination of its field trial in
Orlando, Time Warner Inc. has reached agreements with certain industry suppliers
for elements that might be used in designing and integrating a next generation
VOD system solution for an initial deployment in 1999. Cablevision is operating
a limited trial of an in-house VOD solution. Certain of the Company's
competitors or potential competitors have developed affiliations with cable
operators or alternative distribution providers or develop services or
technologies that may be better or more cost effective than the Company's VOD
service. These services or technologies may be more attractive to cable
operators, particularly those that desire to own all hardware and software
components of the VOD service. In addition, certain of these potential
competitors are either directly or indirectly affiliated with content providers
and cable operators and could therefore materially impact the Company's ability
to sign
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long-term services contracts with such cable operators and obtain content from
such providers. Although the Company is pursuing joint development efforts to
port its VOD service to digital platforms that are or will be broadly deployed
in the cable industry, these third party equipment manufacturers have the
financial and technical ability to develop and sustain deployment of their own
proprietary VOD platforms. There can be no assurance that the Company will not
face competition from these suppliers or their affiliates or that they will
support the integration of Company's VOD service with their own components. See
"--Compliance with Industry Standards; Need to Integrate with Set-Top Box
Manufacturers."
The Company may also face competition from cable operators or other
organizations, including but not limited to the telephone companies, providers
of DBS, PPV and NVOD, cable programmers and Internet service providers, who
could provide VOD-like services through cable and alternative delivery
platforms, including the Internet, telephone lines and satellite. For example,
the Company could encounter competition from companies such as Microsoft/WebTV
Plus, @Home or video streaming companies that in the future may be able to
deliver movies over the Internet to the television, or from consumer use of
purchased or rented digital video discs or variants thereof. In addition, the
competitive environment in which the Company will operate may inhibit its
ability to offer its VOD service to cable operators and other types of operators
that compete with one another in the same territory. A cable operator may
require the Company to provide its VOD service exclusively to such cable
operator in a particular territory. Further, cable operators themselves may
offer competing services, including increased NVOD offerings, or may be
unwilling to use the Company's VOD service exclusively. There can be no
assurance that any cable operator will commit exclusively to the Company's VOD
service. In particular, cable operators may trial a number of different
alternatives. The Company will also face competition for viewers from providers
of home video rentals, which are increasingly entering into revenue sharing
arrangements with content providers. These arrangements have resulted in a
significant increase in the number of copies available for rental and an
extension in the rental period at major video chains and, accordingly, have made
home video rentals more attractive to consumers.
Many of the Company's competitors and potential competitors have longer
operating histories, greater name recognition, and significantly greater
financial, technical, marketing and distribution resources than the Company. As
a result, they may be able to respond to new or emerging technologies and
changes in customer requirements or to devote greater resources to the
development, promotion and sale of their products and services more effectively
than the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to
compete successfully against current or future competitors or that competitive
pressures faced by the Company will not materially adversely affect its
business, operating results and financial condition and its ability to achieve
sufficient cash flow to service its indebtedness.
Dependence on Key Personnel
The Company's performance is substantially dependent on the performance of
its officers and key employees. Given the Company's early stage of development,
the Company is dependent on its ability to retain and motivate qualified
personnel, especially its management. The Company does not have "key person"
life insurance policies on any of its employees. There can be no assurance that
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key personnel will continue to be employed by the Company or that the Company
will be able to attract and retain qualified personnel in the future. The
Company's future success also depends on its ability to identify, hire, train
and retain technical, sales, marketing and managerial personnel. Competition for
such personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company will
be able to attract, assimilate or retain such personnel in the future. The
inability to attract and retain its officers and key employees and the necessary
technical, sales, marketing and managerial personnel could have a material
adverse effect upon the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition and its ability to achieve sufficient cash flow to service its
indebtedness.
Government Regulation
The Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") has broad jurisdiction over
the telecommunications and cable industries. The majority of FCC regulations,
while not directly affecting the Company, do affect cable companies, upon which
the Company will significantly rely for the marketing and distribution of its
VOD service to customers. As such, the indirect effect of these regulations may
adversely affect the Company's business. The Communications Act of 1934, as
significantly amended by Congress in 1992 and more recently by the
Telecommunications Act of 1996 (as so amended, the "Act"), provides a
significant regulatory framework for the operation of cable systems. Rules
promulgated by the FCC under the Act impose restrictions and obligations that
could affect how the cable operator offers or prices the Company's VOD service;
examples include (i) regulation of rates for certain tiers or packages of
programming and for equipment (set-top boxes) used to deliver regulated tiers of
service, (ii) prohibition of bundling equipment and service charges together
into one charge to the customer, (iii) equipment rate averaging, (iv)
prohibition of forced tier buy-through, and (v) imposition of various consumer
protection, billing and disclosure requirements. None of these impose direct
rate or service restrictions on the Company.
In addition, certain FCC rules, and FCC rulemakings in process or required
in the future under the Act could directly affect the Company's DCU and related
development efforts, as well as the joint efforts of the Company and third-party
equipment manufacturers such as General Instrument to port the Company's VOD
solution to digital platforms that are broadly deployed in the cable industry,
by imposing requirements that the set-top boxes (i) be designed to be compatible
with other consumer electronics equipment that is used to deliver services
provided by cable companies, (ii) be commercially available to consumers from
vendors other than cable operators, and (iii) not defeat or interfere with the
national emergency alert system, closed captioning for the hearing impaired, or
any "V" chip requirements that may be imposed. FCC rules to date have focused on
analog equipment, rather than digital equipment such as the Company's. However,
it is anticipated that as digital equipment, transmission and services are
deployed by cable operators, the FCC will extend analog rules to digital
transmission, or craft rules specific to digital platforms. An example being
discussed is digital "must carry" which would require cable operators to
transmit on their systems not only the analog channels of local broadcast
television stations in all markets, but the newly authorized digital broadcast
channels as well. Digital "must carry" for local over-the-air broadcast
licensees could consume a significant amount of the increased channel capacity
being created by cable operators through their upgrades. There can be no
assurance that the Company's VOD service will be successful in competing with
other analog and digital services for access to
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cable operator transmission capacity that remains after implementation of
digital "must carry" in any local market.
Local franchising authorities retain certain statutory and general
regulatory authority with respect to cable operators including the ability to
regulate or exclude content that they deem inappropriate under local community
standards. The Company's VOD service includes adult offerings and, because local
community standards will vary, the Company works closely with the local cable
operator to determine the extent of adult content, which in some communities may
be entirely excluded. The Company's VOD system also enables individual
subscribers to exclude entirely or restrict access to such content. The
Company's operating results could be impacted by the decisions of local
regulatory authorities and cable operators regarding such content.
Finally, the Act authorizes, but does not require, local franchising
authorities to impose a fee of up to 5% on the gross revenues derived by third
parties from the provision of cable service over a cable system. To the extent
that the Company provides its VOD service directly to cable subscribers (rather
than providing it to cable operators for resale to cable subscribers) and the
local franchise agreement has been amended or renewed and includes appropriate
language, the Company could be required to pay a franchise fee of up to 5% of
gross revenues derived from its VOD service in a specific franchise area to the
local franchising authority. At present, only the Lenfest deployment uses this
business model, and it will not be used in any other of the currently scheduled
deployments.
There are other rulemakings that have been and still are being undertaken
by the FCC which will interpret and implement provisions of the Act. It is
anticipated that the Act will stimulate increased competition generally in the
telecommunications and cable industries, which may adversely impact the Company.
No assurance can be given that changes in current or future laws or regulations,
including those limiting or abrogating exclusive MSO contracts, in whole or in
part, adopted by the FCC or other federal, state or local regulatory authorities
would not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business.
In addition, VOD services are licensed by the Canadian Radio and
Telecommunications Commission, and the Company is seeking to determine the basis
on which it may offer its service in Canada, the extent of regulatory controls
and the terms of any revenue arrangements that may be required as conditions to
the deployment of its VOD service in Canada. The Company may not be able to
obtain distribution rights to movie titles in Canada under regulatory and
financial arrangements acceptable to the Company.
Control by Insiders
The Company's executive officers and directors, together with entities
affiliated with such individuals, and Acorn Ventures, Inc. beneficially own
approximately 42.7% of the Common Stock (assuming conversion of all outstanding
Preferred Stock into Common Stock). Accordingly, these stockholders have
significant influence over the affairs of the Company. This concentration of
ownership could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of
the Company.
30
<PAGE>
Forward-Looking Statements
The statements contained in the "Factors Affecting Operating Results"
section that are not historical facts are "forward-looking statements," which
can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "estimates,"
"projects," "anticipates," "expects," "intends," "believes," or the negative
thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology, or by discussions
of strategy that involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking
statements, including statements regarding market opportunity, deployment plans,
market acceptance, the Company's business model of long-term revenue sharing
contracts, capital requirements, anticipated net losses and negative cash flow,
revenue growth, anticipated operating expenditures and product development plans
are only estimates or predictions and cannot be relied upon. No assurance can be
given that future results will be achieved; actual events or results may differ
materially as a result of risks facing the Company or actual results differing
from the assumptions underlying such statements. Such risks and assumptions
include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this "Factors Affecting
Operating Results" section, which could cause actual results to vary materially
from the future results indicated, expressed or implied in such forward-looking
statements. The Company disclaims any obligation to update information contained
in any forward-looking statement.
31
<PAGE>
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 and Items 3 through 5 are not applicable with respect to the
current reporting period.
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended December 31, 1998, the Company issued and
sold an aggregate of 117,160 shares of Common Stock to employees and
consultants for an aggregate purchase price of $133,360 pursuant to
exercises of options under its 1995 Stock Plan. These issuances were
deemed exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, in reliance upon Rule 701 promulgated thereunder.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K:
a. Exhibits.
10.1 Lease Agreement between Seaport Centre Associates, LLC
and Registrant, dated January 20, 1999
27.1 Financial Data Schedule
b. Reports on Form 8-K.
No reports on Form 8-K were filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission during the quarter ended December 31,
1998.
32
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934,
the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
/s/ William M. Scharninghausen
By:______________________________
William M. Scharninghausen
Vice President, Finance and Administration,
and Chief Financial Officer
Dated: March 26, 1999
33
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 10.1
LEASE AGREEMENT
between
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC
as "Landlord"
and
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION
as "Tenant"
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SECTION PAGE
- ------- ----
<S> <C>
1. PREMISES........................................................................... 5
2. TERM; POSSESSION................................................................... 5
3. RENT............................................................................... 5
4. SECURITY DEPOSIT................................................................... 11
5. USE AND COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS....................................................... 12
6. TENANT IMPROVEMENTS & ALTERATIONS.................................................. 15
7. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS............................................................ 17
8. TENANT'S TAXES..................................................................... 19
9. UTILITIES.......................................................................... 19
10. EXCULPATION AND INDEMNIFICATION.................................................... 20
11. INSURANCE.......................................................................... 21
12. DAMAGE OR DESTRUCTION.............................................................. 22
13. CONDEMNATION....................................................................... 24
14. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING.......................................................... 26
15. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES............................................................... 29
16. LATE CHARGE AND INTEREST........................................................... 31
17. WAIVER............................................................................. 32
18. ENTRY, INSPECTION AND CLOSURE...................................................... 32
19. SURRENDER AND HOLDING OVER......................................................... 32
20. ENCUMBRANCES....................................................................... 33
21. ESTOPPEL CERTIFICATES AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS..................................... 34
22. NOTICES............................................................................ 35
23. ATTORNEYS' FEES.................................................................... 35
24. QUIET POSSESSION................................................................... 35
25. SECURITY MEASURES.................................................................. 36
26. FORCE MAJEURE...................................................................... 36
27. RULES AND REGULATIONS.............................................................. 36
28. LANDLORD'S LIABILITY............................................................... 36
29. CONSENTS AND APPROVALS............................................................. 37
30. BROKERS............................................................................ 37
31. RELOCATION OF PREMISES............................................................. 37
32. ENTIRE AGREEMENT................................................................... 38
33. ARBITRATION OF SELECTED DISPUTES................................................... 38
34. MISCELLANEOUS...................................................................... 39
</TABLE>
i
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
35. AUTHORITY.......................................................................... 40
</TABLE>
ii
<PAGE>
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Additional Rent................. 9
Alterations..................... 15
Award........................... 23
Broker.......................... 36
Building 20 Commencement Date... 5
Building 21 Commencement Date... 5
Building Rules.................. 35
Building Systems................ 12
Buildings....................... 5
Change in Control............... 25
Claims.......................... 19
Condemnation.................... 23
Condemnor....................... 23
Construction Rider.............. 5
Controls........................ 18
Date of Condemnation............ 24
Development..................... 5
Encumbrance..................... 32
Environmental Losses............ 13
Environmental Requirements...... 13
Event of Default................ 28
Expiration Date................. 5
Handled by Tenant............... 13
Handling by Tenant.............. 13
Hazardous Materials............. 12
HVAC............................ 12
Interest Rate................... 30
Landlord Delay.................. 5
Laws............................ 6
MEP Systems..................... 16
Mortgagee....................... 32
Newly Enacted Laws.............. 6
Operating Costs................. 6
Parking Facility................ 5
Permit Delay.................... 5
Permitted Hazardous Materials... 13
Permitted Transfer.............. 27
Permitted Transferee............ 27
Premises........................ 5
Project......................... 5
Property........................ 5
Property Manager................ 20
Proposed Transferee............. 25
Rent............................ 11
Rental Tax...................... 18
Representatives................. 13
Security Deposit................ 11
Service Failure................. 19
Sublease Profits................ 26
Subleasing Expenses............. 26
Substantially Completed......... 5
Taxes........................... 8
Tenant Improvements............. 15
Tenant's Share.................. 9
Tenant's Taxes.................. 18
Term............................ 5
Trade Fixtures.................. 16
Transfer........................ 25
Transferee...................... 25
Visitors........................ 13
</TABLE>
iii
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BASIC LEASE INFORMATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Lease Date: For identification purposes only, the date of this Lease is January
20, 1999
Landlord: SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, a California limited
liability company
Tenant: DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation
Project: Seaport Centre Phase Three (West)
Development: Seaport Centre Phases One, Two and Three, consisting of 26
buildings, the underlying land and associated land.
Addresses of Buildings: Building 20: 900 Saginaw
Building 21: 800 Saginaw
Redwood City, California
Rentable Area of Building 20: Approximately 41,415 square feet
Buildings: Building 21: Approximately 41,415 square feet
Total Buildings 20 & 21: Approximately 82,830 square feet
Rentable Area of
Project: Approximately 287,402 square feet
Premises (consisting (a) Building Number: 20
of two buildings): Rentable Area: Approximately 41,415 square feet
(b) Building Number: 21
Rentable Area: Approximately 41,415 square feet
Term: 96 full calendar months (plus any partial month at the beginning of
the Term) following Building 20 Commencement Date
Building 20 Earlier of (a) substantial completion of Tenant Improvements in
Commencement Date: Building 20, or (b) the date upon which Tenant actually occupies
and conducts business in any portion of Building 20, or (c) June 1,
1999, as extended by reason of Landlord Delay (as defined in
Exhibit B attached hereto) and/or Permit Delay (as defined in
Exhibit B attached hereto)
Building 21 Earlier of (a) the date Tenant conducts business in Building 21, or
Commencement Date: (b) six (6) months after the Building 20 Commencement Date, as
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
more particularly described in Section 2 of the Lease
Expiration Date: The last day of the 96th full calendar month in the Term following
Building 20 Commencement Date
Base Rent: Months following Building 20 Commencement Date:
Months 01 - 06: $97,325.25 per month
Months 07 - 12: $194,650.50 per month
Months 13 - 24: $200,448.60 per month
Months 25 - 36: $206,246.70 per month
Months 37 - 48: $212,873.10 per month
Months 49 - 60: $218,671.20 per month
Months 61 - 72: $225,297.60 per month
Months 73 - 84: $232,752.30 per month
Months 85 - 96: $239,378.70 per month
Maintenance, Operating This is a "triple net lease" where Tenant is responsible for
Costs and Taxes: maintenance, operating costs and taxes, all in accordance with the
applicable provisions of the Lease.
Tenant's Share: From Building 20 Commencement Date until the day before
Building 21 Commencement Date: 14.41%
From Building 21 Commencement Date through remainder of
Term: 28.82%
Security Deposit: (a) Cash of $194,650.00, plus
(b) a Letter of Credit in the amount of $1,000,000.00, subject to,
and in accordance with, the provisions of Section 36 of this
Lease.
Prepaid Base Rent for
Seventh (7th) month
of Term: $194,650.50
Landlord's Address Seaport Centre Associates, LLC
for Payment of Rent: Ten Almaden Boulevard, Suite 430
San Jose, CA 95113
Landlord's Address Seaport Centre Associates, LLC
for Notices: c/o William Wilson & Associates
Ten Almaden Boulevard, #430
San Jose, CA 95113
with a copy to:
</TABLE>
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Seaport Centre Associates, LLC
c/o William Wilson & Associates
2929 Campus Drive, Suite 450
San Mateo, CA 94403
Attn: General Counsel
Tenant's Address DIVA Systems Corporation
for Notices: 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Bldg. 205
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Attn: General Counsel
after occupancy:
DIVA Systems Corporation
900 Saginaw
Redwood City, CA
Attn: General Counsel
Broker(s): Cornish & Carey Commercial and
Cresa Partners, LLC
Guarantor(s): (none)
Property Manager: William Wilson & Associates
Additional Provisions: 36. Letter of Credit
37. Parking
38. Extension Option
39. Rooftop Equipment
40. Diesel Generator
41. Loading Ramp
42. Truck Parking Stall
Exhibits:
- --------
Exhibit A-1: Building 20 and Outdoor Seating Area
Exhibit A-2: Building 21
Exhibit A-3: Location of Diesel Generator
Exhibit A-4: Location of Loading Ramp
Exhibit A-5: Location of Truck Parking Stall
Exhibit B: Construction Rider
Exhibit C: Building Rules
Exhibit D: Additional Provisions
Exhibit E: Form of Letter of Credit
Exhibit F: Parking Exhibit
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Exhibit G: Form of Consent to Assignment
Exhibit H: Form of Consent to Sublease
The Basic Lease Information set forth above is part of the Lease. In
the event of any conflict between any provision in the Basic Lease Information
and the Lease, the Lease shall control.
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<PAGE>
THIS LEASE is made as of the Lease Date set forth in the Basic Lease
Information, by and between the Landlord identified in the Basic Lease
Information ("Landlord"), and the Tenant identified in the Basic Lease
Information ("Tenant"). Landlord and Tenant hereby agree as follows:
1. PREMISES. Landlord hereby leases to Tenant, and Tenant hereby leases from
Landlord, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Lease, and
subject to covenants, conditions and restrictions recorded in the real estate
records in the county in which the Property is located, the space identified in
the Basic Lease Information as the Premises (the "Premises"), consisting of
Building 20 and Building 21 located at the addresses specified in the Basic
Lease Information (the "Building"). The approximate configuration and location
of Building 20 is shown on Exhibit A-1. The approximate configuration and
-----------
location of Building 21 is shown on Exhibit A-2. Landlord and Tenant agree that
-----------
the rentable area of each of the Buildings for all purposes under this Lease
shall be the Rentable Area specified in the Basic Lease Information. The
Buildings, together with the parking facilities serving the Buildings (the
"Parking Facility"), and the parcel(s) of land on which the Buildings and the
Parking Facility are situated (collectively, the "Property"), is part of the
Project identified in the Basic Lease Information (the "Project"), which is part
of the Development identified in the Basic Lease Information (the
"Development").
2. TERM; POSSESSION. The term of this Lease (the "Term") shall commence on
the Building 20 Commencement Date as described below and, unless sooner
terminated, shall expire on the Expiration Date set forth in the Basic Lease
Information (the "Expiration Date"). The "Building 20 Commencement Date" shall
be the earlier of (a) the date Tenant Improvements are "Substantially Completed"
in Building 20, as provided in the Construction Rider attached as Exhibit B (the
---------
"Construction Rider"); or (b) the date upon which Tenant actually occupies and
conducts business in any portion of Building 20; or (c) June 1, 1999 as extended
by reason of "Landlord Delay (as defined in Exhibit B) and/or "Permit Delay (as
defined in Exhibit B). When the Building 20 Commencement Date has been
established, Landlord and Tenant shall at the request of either party confirm
the Building 20 Commencement Date and Expiration Date in writing.
The "Building 21 Commencement Date" shall be the earlier of (a) the date upon
which Tenant actually occupies and conducts business in any portion of Building
21; or (b) six (6) months after the Building 20 Commencement Date. When the
Building 21 Commencement Date has been established, Landlord and Tenant shall at
the request of either party confirm the Building 21 Commencement Date in
writing.
3. RENT.
3.1 Base Rent. Tenant agrees to pay to Landlord the Base Rent set
---------
forth in the Basic Lease Information, without prior notice or demand, on the
first day of each and every calendar month during the Term, except that Base
Rent for any partial month at the beginning of the Term shall be paid on the
Building 20 Commencement Date. In addition, Tenant shall pay to Landlord upon
execution of this Lease the Base Rent for the seventh (7th) full calendar month
of the Term in the amount of $194,650.50, as shown on the Basic Lease
Information. Base Rent for any partial
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<PAGE>
month at the beginning or end of the Term shall be prorated based on the actual
number of days in the month.
If the Basic Lease Information provides for any change in Base Rent by
reference to years or months (without specifying particular dates), the change
will take effect on the applicable annual or monthly anniversary of the Building
20 Commencement Date (which won't necessarily be the first day of a calendar
month).
3.2 Additional Rent: Operating Costs and Taxes.
-------------------------------------------
(a) Definitions.
-----------
(1) "Operating Costs" means all costs of managing,
operating, maintaining and repairing the Project, including, but not limited to,
all costs, expenditures, fees and charges for the following, subject to the
limitations contained hereinbelow: (A) operation, maintenance and repair of the
Project (including maintenance, repair and replacement of glass, and
landscaping, but capital costs shall be amortized in accordance with the
provisions of Subsection (G) below); (B) utilities and services (including
telecommunications facilities and equipment, recycling programs and trash
removal) for common areas and for the management office serving the Project, and
associated supplies and materials; (C) compensation (including employment taxes
and fringe benefits) for persons who perform duties in connection with the
operation, management, maintenance and repair of the Project, such compensation
to be appropriately allocated for persons who also perform duties unrelated to
the Project; (D) property (including coverage for earthquake and flood if
carried by Landlord), liability, rental income and other insurance relating to
the Project, and (i) expenditures for deductible amounts paid under such
insurance, provided that in any calendar year in which Landlord pays the
deductible amount under such insurance, Tenant's Share of such deductible amount
shall be limited to $25,000.00 (excluding earthquake insurance, which shall be
payable pursuant to the following provisions), and (ii) expenditures for
deductible amounts paid in any calendar year under earthquake insurance, subject
to the following limitations: (x) in the year in which Landlord pays the
deductible amount under earthquake insurance, Tenant's Share of the deductible
amount under earthquake insurance shall be limited to $100,000.00, and (y) in
subsequent calendar years, Tenant's Share of that portion of the earthquake
insurance deductible in excess of $100,000.00 (the "Excess Deductible") under
(x) shall be amortized over a period of ten (10) years commencing in the
calendar year following the year in which Landlord pays the deductible, provided
that Tenant's Share of the Excess Deductible shall not exceed $100,000.00 in any
calendar year; (E) licenses, permits and inspections; (F) complying with the
requirements of any law, statute, ordinance or governmental rule or regulation
or any orders pursuant thereto (collectively "Laws") either (i) not in effect as
of the Commencement Date or (ii) as any Laws in effect as of the Commencement
Date may be amended, changed, added to, interpreted or re-interpreted by
applicable governmental authority or court decision, or administrative ruling
subsequent to the Commencement Date (such [i] and [ii] being herein called
"Newly Enacted Laws" "); (G) amortization of capital replacements, repairs or
improvements to the Project, with interest on the unamortized balance at the
rate paid by Landlord on funds borrowed to finance such capital improvements
(or, if Landlord finances such improvements out of Landlord's funds without
borrowing, the rate that Landlord would have paid to borrow such funds, as
reasonably determined by Landlord), over the useful life of the item in question
as Landlord shall reasonably determine in
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accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (H) an office for the
management of the Project, including expenses of furnishing and equipping such
office and the rental value of any space occupied for such purposes; (I)
property management fees not to exceed the greater of (i) the rate of property
management fees charged by owners of similar type and quality properties in the
vicinity of the Project, or (ii) three percent (3%) of gross revenues of the
Project; (J) accounting, legal and other professional services incurred in
connection with the operation of the Project and the calculation of Operating
Costs and Taxes; (K) a reasonable allowance for depreciation on machinery and
equipment used to maintain the Project and on other personal property owned by
Landlord in the Project (including window coverings and carpeting in common
areas); (L) contesting the validity or applicability of any Laws that may affect
the Project; (M) the Project's share of any shared or common area maintenance
fees and expenses (including costs and expenses of operating, managing, owning
and maintaining the Parking Facility and the common areas of the Project
(subject to the limitations set forth herein), any fitness center in the
Development, the fees and charges from the Seaport Centre Owners Association and
any other fees and expenses shared with the Development), but only to the extent
such costs and expenses of the Project would be properly included in Operating
Costs after application of the limitations contained in this subparagraph and in
the second subparagraph of this section which limit the scope of Operating
Costs, and in addition, if any such expense or charge is a capital expenditure,
then such capital expenditure shall be amortized and Tenant's share shall be
limited and calculated in accordance with the provisions of Subsection 3.2
(a)(1)(G) above ; and (N) any other cost, expenditure, fee or charge, whether or
not hereinbefore described, which in accordance with generally accepted property
management practices would be considered an expense of managing, operating,
maintaining and repairing the Project (subject to the limitations set forth
herein). Operating Costs for any calendar year during which average occupancy of
the Project is less than one hundred percent (100%) shall be calculated based
upon the Operating Costs that would have been incurred if the Project had an
average occupancy of one hundred percent (100%) during the entire calendar year.
Operating Costs shall not include:
1) costs of special services rendered to individual tenants
(including Tenant) for which a special charge is made;
2) interest and principal payments on loans or indebtedness
secured by the Building;
3) costs of improvements for Tenant or other tenants of the
Project;
4) costs of services or other benefits of a type which are not
available to Tenant but which are available to other tenants
or occupants, and costs for which Landlord is reimbursed by
other tenants of the Project other than through payment of
tenants' shares of Operating Costs and Taxes;
5) utility charges paid by Tenant (and other tenants in the
Project) directly to the applicable public utility company;
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6) leasing commissions, attorneys' fees and other expenses
incurred in connection with leasing space in the Project or
enforcing such leases;
7) depreciation or amortization, other than as specifically
enumerated in the definition of Operating Costs above;
8) costs, fines or penalties incurred due to Landlord's violation
of any Law;
9) repairs or other work occasioned by fire, windstorm or other
casualty or hazard, provided, however, Tenant shall be
responsible for any deductible portion of insurance proceeds
as provided in Subsection 3.2 (a)(1)(D) above;
10) repairs or rebuilding necessitated by condemnation;
11) Landlord's costs of electricity and other services sold or
provided to tenants in the Project and for which Landlord is
entitled to be reimbursed, whether or not collected, by such
tenants as a separate additional charge or rental over and
above the basic rent or operating costs payable under the
lease with such tenant;
12) costs of repairs directly resulting from the negligence or
willful misconduct of Landlord, its agents or employees;
13) amounts paid to subsidiaries or other affiliates of Landlord
(i.e., persons or companies controlled by, under common
control with, or which control, Landlord) for services on or
to the Land, the Building or the Premises (or any portion
thereof), to the extent only that the costs of such services
exceed competitive costs of such services were they not so
rendered by a subsidiary or other affiliate of Landlord;
14) the costs of maintaining, repairing or replacing the
structural elements of any building within the Property;
15) any expense incurred with respect to the maintenance, repair,
replacement or operation of any building within the Project
other than Building 20 and Building 21 which is of a type
that, had it been incurred with respect to either Building 20
or Building 21, would have been one hundred percent (100%)
the responsibility of Tenant pursuant to other provisions of
this Lease (e.g., maintenance and repair of the roof
membrane, and maintenance and repair of the MEP Systems), all
without limiting Tenant's obligation to maintain and repair
the roof membranes and the MEP Systems, and other elements of
the Premises, as more particularly set forth in Section 7.1
of this Lease; and,
16) any costs associated with the investigation or remediation of
Hazardous Materials (which subject is covered exclusively by
the provisions of Section 5.2 of this Lease).
-8-
<PAGE>
(2) "Taxes" means: all real property taxes and general,
special or district assessments or other governmental impositions, of whatever
kind, nature or origin, imposed on or by reason of the ownership or use of the
Project; governmental charges, fees or assessments for transit or traffic
mitigation (including area-wide traffic improvement assessments and
transportation system management fees), housing, police, fire or other
governmental service or purported benefits to the Project; personal property
taxes assessed on the personal property of Landlord used in the operation of the
Project; service payments in lieu of taxes and taxes and assessments of every
kind and nature whatsoever levied or assessed in addition to, in lieu of or in
substitution for existing or additional real or personal property taxes on the
Project or the personal property described above; any increases in the foregoing
caused by changes in assessed valuation, tax rate or other factors or
circumstances; and the reasonable cost of contesting by appropriate proceedings
the amount or validity of any taxes, assessments or charges described above.
Taxes shall not include any state and federal personal or corporate income taxes
measured by the income of Landlord from all sources (as opposed to taxes based
upon gross rents, receipts or income attributable to the operation of the
Project), as well as any franchise, inheritance, or estate, succession, gift
tax, or capital levy. Landlord agrees that for the purpose of this Lease any
special assessments or special taxes for public improvements to the property
will be deemed to be paid, with interest at the rate payable to the assessing or
taxing authority, over the maximum time Landlord is permitted to pay such
special assessment or special tax without penalty. To the extent paid by Tenant
or other tenants as "Tenant's Taxes" (as defined in Section 8 - Tenant's Taxes),
"Tenant's Taxes" shall be excluded from Taxes.
(3) "Tenant's Share'" means the Rentable Area of the
Premises divided by the total Rentable Area of the Project, as set forth in the
Basic Lease Information. If the Rentable Area of the Project is changed or the
Rentable Area of the Premises is changed by Tenant's leasing of additional space
hereunder or for any other reason, Tenant's Share shall be adjusted accordingly.
(b) Additional Rent.
---------------
(1) Commencing upon the Building 20 Commencement Date
and continuing until the day before the Building 21 Commencement Date, Tenant
shall pay Landlord as "Additional Rent" for each calendar year or portion
thereof Tenant's Share of the sum of (x) the amount of Operating Costs, and (y)
the amount of Taxes with respect to Building 20. Commencing upon the Building 21
Commencement Date and continuing through the Term, Tenant shall pay Landlord as
Additional Rent for each calendar year or portion thereof Tenant's Share of the
sum of (x) the amount of Operating Costs, and (y) the amount of Taxes with
respect to both Building 20 and Building 21.
(2) Prior to the Building 20 Commencement Date and each
calendar year thereafter, Landlord shall notify Tenant of Landlord's estimate of
Operating Costs, Taxes and Tenant's Additional Rent for the following calendar
year (or first partial year following the Commencement Date). Commencing on the
Building 20 Commencement Date, and in subsequent calendar years, on the first
day of January of each calendar year and continuing on the first day of every
month thereafter in such year, Tenant shall pay to Landlord one-twelfth (1/12th)
of the Additional Rent, as reasonably estimated by Landlord for such full
calendar year. If Landlord thereafter estimates that Operating Costs or Taxes
for such year will vary from Landlord's prior
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estimate, Landlord may, by notice to Tenant, revise the estimate for such year
(and Additional Rent shall thereafter be payable based on the revised estimate).
(3) As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of
each calendar year, Landlord shall furnish Tenant a statement with respect to
such year, showing Operating Costs, Taxes and Additional Rent for the year, and
the total payments made by Tenant with respect thereto. Unless Tenant raises any
objections to Landlord's statement within one hundred twenty (120) days after
receipt of the same, such statement shall conclusively be deemed correct and
Tenant shall have no right thereafter to dispute such statement or any item
therein or the computation of Additional Rent based thereon. If Tenant does
object to such statement, then Landlord shall provide Tenant with reasonable
verification of the figures shown on the statement and the parties shall
negotiate in good faith to resolve any disputes. Any objection by Tenant to
Landlord's statement and resolution of any dispute shall not postpone the time
for payment of any amounts due Tenant or Landlord based on Landlord's statement,
nor shall any failure of Landlord to deliver Landlord's statement in a timely
manner relieve Tenant of Tenant's obligation to pay any amounts due Landlord
based on Landlord's statement.
(4) If Tenant's Additional Rent as finally determined
for any calendar year exceeds the total payments made by Tenant on account
thereof, Tenant shall pay Landlord the deficiency within ten (10) days of
Tenant's receipt of Landlord's statement. If the total payments made by Tenant
on account thereof exceed Tenant's Additional Rent as finally determined for
such year, Tenant's excess payment shall be credited toward the rent next due
from Tenant under this Lease. For any partial calendar year at the beginning or
end of the Term, Additional Rent shall be prorated on the basis of a 365-day
year by computing Tenant's Share of the Operating Costs and Taxes for the entire
year and then prorating such amount for the number of days during such year
included in the Term. Notwithstanding the termination of this Lease, Landlord
shall pay to Tenant or Tenant shall pay to Landlord, as the case may be, within
ten (10) days after Tenant's receipt of Landlord's final statement for the
calendar year in which this Lease terminates, the difference between Tenant's
Additional Rent for that year, as finally determined by Landlord, and the total
amount previously paid by Tenant on account thereof.
If for any reason Taxes for any year during the Term are reduced, refunded or
otherwise changed, Tenant's Additional Rent shall be adjusted accordingly. If
Taxes are temporarily reduced as a result of space in the Project being leased
to a tenant that is entitled to an exemption from property taxes or other taxes,
then for purposes of determining Additional Rent for each year in which Taxes
are reduced by any such exemption, Taxes for such year shall be calculated on
the basis of the amount the Taxes for the year would have been in the absence of
the exemption. The obligations of Landlord to refund any overpayment of
Additional Rent and of Tenant to pay any Additional Rent not previously paid
shall survive the expiration of the Term.
(c) Tenant's Audit Rights.
----------------------
Tenant, at its expense, shall have the right upon
fifteen (15) days prior written notice to Landlord ( "Tenant's Audit Notice") to
be given only within one hundred twenty (120) days after Tenant receives the
annual statement of Additional Rent to audit Landlord's books and records
relating to such statement for such immediately preceding calendar year, subject
to
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the following terms and conditions: (a) No audit shall be conducted at any time
that Tenant is in default of any of the terms of this Lease; (b) any audit shall
be conducted only by independent certified public accountants practicing for an
accounting firm of national prominence, employed by Tenant on an hourly or fixed
fee basis, and not on a contingency fee basis; and (c) Tenant shall not audit
Landlord's books and records more than one (1) time for any calendar year.
Tenant acknowledges that Tenant's right to inspect Landlord's books and records
with respect to Additional Rent for the preceding calendar year is for the
exclusive purpose of determining whether Landlord has complied with the terms of
the Lease with respect to Additional Rent. Tenant shall have ninety (90) days
after Tenant's Audit Notice to complete Tenant's inspection of Landlord's books
and records concerning Additional Rent at Landlord's accounting office. During
its inspection Tenant agrees to request, in writing, all pertinent documents
relating to the inspection. If in Landlord's possession, Landlord will provide
such documents to Tenant within ten (10) days from Landlord's receipt of the
request and Tenant shall not remove such records from Landlord's accounting
office, but Tenant shall have the right to make copies of the relevant documents
at Tenant's expense. Tenant shall deliver to Landlord a copy of the results of
such audit within fifteen (15) days of its receipt by Tenant. Tenant shall use
all reasonable efforts to prevent its employees and persons engaged by Tenant to
conduct such audit from disclosing the results of such audit to third parties,
except that Tenant shall be permitted to disclose the information obtained from
the audit to the Internal Revenue Service and any other governmental agency
having a right to know such information, pursuant to a court order, to its
attorneys, lenders, subtenants, assignees, and in connection with any litigation
or dispute resolution process between Landlord and Tenant concerning this Lease.
No assignee shall conduct an audit for any period during which such assignee was
not in possession of the Premises. If Tenant's audit shows that Operating Costs
are overstated by more than five percent (5%), then Landlord agrees to pay the
reasonable costs of such audit, not to exceed Five Thousand and 00/100 Dollars
($5,000.00) per audit. Landlord shall reimburse to Tenant within thirty (30)
days following Landlord's receipt of Tenant's audit the amount of Operating
Costs which Tenant has overpaid.
3.3 Payment of Rent. All amounts payable or reimbursable by Tenant
---------------
under this Lease, including late charges and interest (collectively, "Rent"),
shall constitute rent and shall be payable and recoverable as rent in the manner
provided in this Lease. All sums payable to Landlord on demand under the terms
of this Lease shall be payable within ten (10) days after notice from Landlord
of the amounts due. All rent shall be paid without offset, recoupment or
deduction in lawful money of the United States of America to Landlord at
Landlord's Address for Payment of Rent as set forth in the Basic Lease
Information, or to such other person or at such other place as Landlord may from
time to time designate.
4. SECURITY DEPOSIT. On execution of this Lease, Tenant shall deposit with
Landlord the cash amount specified in the Basic Lease Information under Security
Deposit and on or before the Building 20 Commencement Date, the letter of credit
identified in Section 36 below as the Security Deposit (collectively, the
"Security Deposit", which term shall include amounts drawn on the letter of
credit), as security for the performance of Tenant's obligations under this
Lease. Landlord may (but shall have no obligation to) use the Security Deposit
or any portion thereof to cure any breach or default by Tenant under this Lease,
to fulfill any of Tenant's obligations under the Lease, or to compensate
Landlord for any damage it incurs as a result of Tenant's failure to perform any
of Tenant's obligations hereunder. In such event, Tenant shall pay to Landlord
on demand an amount
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sufficient to replenish the Security Deposit to the full amount of the cash
specified in the Basic Lease Information and the applicable Face Amount (defined
in Section 36 below) of the letter of credit. Within thirty (30) days after the
expiration or termination of this Lease, Landlord shall promptly return the
Security Deposit to Tenant in accordance with the provisions of California Civil
Code Section 1950.7 or any successor statute thereto; provided, however, that if
Tenant is then in default or there is an outstanding Claim (as defined in
Section 10.1 below) for which Landlord has made written demand upon Tenant, then
Landlord shall be entitled to withhold one hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of
Landlord's reasonable estimate of the amount that Tenant owes Landlord on
account of such default or claim until there is settlement, resolved litigation,
or other disposition determining the validity of the right of Landlord to
withhold such amount. Landlord may commingle the Security Deposit with
Landlord's general and other funds. Landlord shall not be required to pay
interest on the Security Deposit to Tenant. Tenant acknowledges that Landlord
has agreed to accept a letter of credit in lieu of an additional cash deposit as
an accommodation to Tenant and Tenant agrees that the letter of credit and all
amounts drawn thereunder shall be treated for all purposes under this Lease as
if a cash deposit had been tendered to Landlord upon the execution of this
Lease.
5. USE AND COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS.
5.1 Use. DIVA Systems Corporation and any Permitted Transferee of
---
Tenant under this Lease (as that term is defined in Section 14.9) may use the
Premises only for general business office purposes, software engineering,
software research and development, television cable operations, sales of
Tenant's products and services, and administrative functions associated with all
such uses, and for no other use or purpose. Any Transferee (other than DIVA
Systems Corporation or any Permitted Transferee) may use the Premises only for
general business office purposes, light industrial, office flex and research and
development uses consistent with a high quality light industrial/research and
development park and for no other use or purpose; provided, further that any
such Transferee shall not use heavy machinery in manufacturing, and shall fully
comply with the provisions of Section 5.2 below. Tenant shall comply with all
present and future Laws relating to Tenant's use or occupancy of the Premises
(and make any repairs, alterations or improvements as required to comply with
all such Laws), and shall observe the "Building Rules" (as defined in Section 27
- - Rules and Regulations). Tenant shall not do, bring, keep or sell anything in
or about the Premises that is prohibited by, or that will cause a cancellation
of or an increase in the existing premium for, any insurance policy covering the
Property or any part thereof. Tenant shall not permit the Premises to be
occupied or used in any manner that will constitute waste or a nuisance.
Without limiting the foregoing, the Premises shall not be used to manufacture
goods or products, for educational activities, practice of medicine or any of
the healing arts, providing social services, for any governmental use (including
embassy or consulate use), or for personnel agency, customer service office
(except as incidental to the permitted use contained above), studios for radio,
television or other media, travel agency or reservation center operations or
uses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, DIVA Systems Corporation and any Permitted
Transferee (but not any other Transferee) shall have the right to use (a) up to
three thousand (3,000) square feet of rentable area within the Premises as an
in-house travel agency, (b) the Premises for customer service, (c) from time to
time a portion of the Premises for training of and by the employees,
contractors, suppliers and consultants, so long as the number of people
attending such training at any given time comply with the parking limitations
contained in Section 35 of this Lease, and (d) the Premises for studios
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and edit suites for the development of educational products so long as such use
is incidental to the business of DIVA Systems Corporation or any Permitted
Transferee. Tenant shall not, without the prior consent of Landlord, (i) bring
into the Building or the Premises anything that may cause unreasonable noise,
odor or vibration, overload the floors in the Premises or the Building or any of
the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning ("HVAC"), mechanical, plumbing,
electrical, fire protection, life safety, security or other systems in the
Building ("Building Systems"), or jeopardize the structural integrity of the
Building or any part thereof.
Tenant shall honor and comply with the terms of all recorded
covenants, conditions and restrictions relating to the Property to the extent
that such restrictions govern or relate to the use or occupancy of the Premises
and the common areas of the Project serving the Premises.
5.2 Hazardous Materials.
-------------------
(a) Definitions.
-----------
(1) "Hazardous Materials" shall mean any substance: (A) that
now or in the future is regulated or governed by, requires investigation or
remediation under, or is defined as a hazardous waste, hazardous substance,
pollutant or contaminant under any governmental statute, code, ordinance,
regulation, rule or order, and any amendment thereto, including the
Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C.
(S)9601 et seq., and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C.
-- ---
(S)6901 et seq., or (B) that is toxic, explosive, corrosive, flammable,
-- ---
radioactive, carcinogenic, dangerous or otherwise hazardous, including gasoline,
diesel fuel, petroleum hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), asbestos,
radon and urea formaldehyde foam insulation.
(2) "Environmental Requirements" shall mean all present and
future Laws, orders, permits, licenses, approvals, authorizations and other
requirements of any kind applicable to Hazardous Materials.
(3) "Handled by Tenant" and "Handling by Tenant" shall mean
and refer to any installation, handling, generation, storage, use, disposal,
discharge, release, abatement, removal, transportation, or any other activity of
any type by Tenant or its agents, employees, contractors, licensees, assignees,
sublessees, transferees or representatives (collectively, "Representatives") or
its guests, customers, invitees, or visitors (collectively, "Visitors"), at or
about the Premises in connection with or involving Hazardous Materials.
(4) "Environmental Losses" shall mean all costs and expenses
of any kind, damages, including foreseeable and unforeseeable consequential
damages, fines and penalties incurred in connection with any violation of and
compliance with Environmental Requirements and all losses of any kind
attributable to the diminution of value, loss of use or adverse effects on
marketability or use of any portion of the Premises or Property.
(b) Tenant's Covenants. No Hazardous Materials shall be Handled
------------------
by Tenant at or about the Premises or Property without Landlord's prior written
consent, which consent may be granted, denied, or conditioned upon compliance
with Landlord's requirements, all in Landlord's
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absolute discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, normal quantities and use of
those Hazardous Materials customarily used in the conduct of general office
activities, such as copier fluids and cleaning supplies ("Permitted Hazardous
Materials"), may be used and stored at the Premises without Landlord's prior
written consent, provided that Tenant's activities at or about the Premises and
Property and the Handling by Tenant of all Hazardous Materials shall comply at
all times with all Environmental Requirements. At the expiration or termination
of the Lease, Tenant shall promptly remove from the Premises and Property all
Hazardous Materials Handled by Tenant at the Premises or the Property. Tenant
shall keep Landlord fully and promptly informed of all Handling by Tenant of
Hazardous Materials other than Permitted Hazardous Materials. Tenant shall be
responsible and liable for the compliance with all of the provisions of this
Section by all of Tenant's Representatives and Visitors, and all of Tenant's
obligations under this Section (including its indemnification obligations under
paragraph (e) below) shall survive the expiration or termination of this Lease.
(c) Compliance. Tenant shall at Tenant's expense promptly take
----------
all actions required by any governmental agency or entity in connection with or
as a result of the Handling by Tenant of Hazardous Materials at or about the
Premises or Property, including inspection and testing, performing all cleanup,
removal and remediation work required with respect to those Hazardous Materials,
complying with all closure requirements and post-closure monitoring, and filing
all required reports or plans. All of the foregoing work and all Handling by
Tenant of all Hazardous Materials shall be performed in a good, safe and
workmanlike manner by consultants qualified and licensed to undertake such work
and in a manner that will not interfere with any other tenant's quiet enjoyment
of the Property or Landlord's use, operation, leasing and sale of the Property.
Tenant shall deliver to Landlord prior to delivery to any governmental agency,
or promptly after receipt from any such agency, copies of all permits,
manifests, closure or remedial action plans, notices, and all other documents
relating to the Handling by Tenant of Hazardous Materials at or about the
Premises or Property. If any lien attaches to the Premises or the Property in
connection with or as a result of the Handling by Tenant of Hazardous Materials,
and Tenant does not cause the same to be released, by payment, bonding or
otherwise, within ten (10) days after the attachment thereof, Landlord shall
have the right but not the obligation to cause the same to be released and any
sums expended by Landlord (plus Landlord's administrative costs) in connection
therewith shall be payable by Tenant on demand.
(d) Landlord's Rights. Landlord shall have the right, but not the
-----------------
obligation, to enter the Premises at any reasonable time (i) to confirm Tenant's
compliance with the provisions of this Section 5.2, and (ii) to perform Tenant's
obligations under this Section if Tenant has failed to do so after reasonable
notice to Tenant. Landlord shall also have the right to engage qualified
Hazardous Materials consultants to inspect the Premises and review the Handling
by Tenant of Hazardous Materials, including review of all permits, reports,
plans, and other documents regarding same. If Tenant has violated the provisions
of this Section 5.2, then Tenant shall pay to Landlord on demand the costs of
Landlord's consultants' fees and all costs incurred by Landlord in performing
Tenant's obligations under this Section. Landlord shall use reasonable efforts
to minimize any interference with Tenant's business caused by Landlord's entry
into the Premises, but Landlord shall not be responsible for any interference
caused thereby.
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(e) Tenant's Indemnification. Tenant agrees to indemnify,
------------------------
defend, protect and hold harmless Landlord and its partners or members and its
or their partners, members, directors, officers, shareholders, employees and
agents from all Environmental Losses and all other claims, actions, losses,
damages, liabilities, costs and expenses of every kind, including reasonable
attorneys', experts' and consultants' fees and costs, incurred at any time and
arising from or in connection with the Handling by Tenant of Hazardous Materials
at or about the Property or Tenant's failure to comply in full with all
Environmental Requirements with respect to the Premises.
(f) Landlord's Responsibilities. Landlord shall not use any of
----------------------------
the Land or Building for any activities involving the use, generation, handling,
release, threatened release, treatment, storage, discharge, disposal or
transportation of any Hazardous Materials, except in such quantity or
concentration that is customarily used, stored or disposed in the ordinary
course of the business so long as such activity duly complies with applicable
Laws and good business practice. If Landlord violates the foregoing covenant
resulting in an Environmental Claim (as hereinafter defined) with respect to the
Premises, then Landlord agrees to (a) notify Tenant immediately of any such
Environmental Claim and (b) clean up any contamination in full compliance with
all applicable Laws. Any Environmental Claim for Hazardous Materials either (i)
existing on the Property on the date of this Lease, or (ii) not caused by
Handling by Tenant shall not be included in Operating Costs or otherwise be the
responsibility of Tenant; provided, however, Tenant shall be responsible for any
Environmental Claim for Hazardous Material to the extent of any Handling by
Tenant of Hazardous Materials, as otherwise provided in this Section 5.2.
"Environmental Claim" means any claim, demand, action, cause of action, suit,
damage, punitive damage, fine, penalty, expense, liability, criminal liability,
judgment, or governmental investigation relating to remediation or compliance
with requirements of Laws covering Hazardous Materials. The term "Environmental
Claim" also includes any costs incurred in responding to efforts to require
remediation and any claim based upon any asserted or actual breach or violation
of any requirements of any Laws covering Hazardous Materials.
6. TENANT IMPROVEMENTS & ALTERATIONS.
6.1 Landlord and Tenant shall perform their respective obligations
with respect to design and construction of any improvements to be constructed
and installed in the Premises (the "Tenant Improvements"), as provided in the
Construction Rider. Except for any Tenant Improvements to be constructed by
Tenant as provided in the Construction Rider, Tenant shall not make any
alterations, improvements or changes to the Premises, including installation of
any security system or telephone or data communication wiring ("Alterations"),
without Landlord's prior written consent, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld; provided, however, Tenant shall have the right to make
installations and changes to the telephone and data communication wiring without
Landlord's consent on the conditions that Tenant (x) remove all such telephone
and data communication wiring at the expiration or termination of this Lease and
(y) obtain Landlord's prior written consent to any boring or cutting through
structural or load-bearing portions of the Premises, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld so long as such boring or cutting does not affect the
structural integrity of the Building, and Tenant complies with any requirements
of Landlord's independent structural engineer. Notwithstanding any other
provision contained herein, Tenant shall not be required to obtain Landlord's
prior
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consent for minor, non-structural Alterations that (a) do not affect any of the
Building Systems, (b) are not visible from the exterior of the Premises, and (c)
cost less than Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000), so long as Tenant gives
Landlord notice of the proposed Alterations at least ten (10) days prior to
commencing the Alterations and complies with all of the following provisions
(except that Tenant shall not be required to obtain Landlord's approval of any
plans or specifications therefor). Any such Alterations shall be completed by
Tenant at Tenant's sole cost and expense: (i) with due diligence, in a good and
workmanlike manner, using new materials; (ii) in compliance with plans and
specifications approved by Landlord, which approval shall not be unreasonably
withheld; (iii) in compliance with the construction rules and regulations
promulgated by Landlord from time to time; (iv) in accordance with all
applicable Laws (including all work, whether structural or non-structural,
inside or outside the Premises, required to comply fully with all applicable
Laws and necessitated by Tenant's work); and (v) subject to all conditions which
Landlord may reasonably impose. Such conditions may include requirements for
Tenant to: (i) provide payment or performance bonds or additional insurance
(from Tenant or Tenant's contractors, subcontractors or design professionals);
(ii) use contractors or subcontractors approved by Landlord, which approval
shall not be unreasonably withheld, provided that contractors and subcontractors
for Alterations affecting either the structure of the Building, or the Building
Systems are bondable, are experienced and have done work in buildings similar to
the Buildings; and (iii) remove all or part of the Alterations prior to or upon
expiration or termination of the Term, as designated by Landlord. If any work
outside the Premises, or any work on or adjustment to any of the Building
Systems, is required in connection with or as a result of Tenant's work, such
work shall be performed at Tenant's expense by contractors designated by
Landlord. Landlord's right to review and approve (or withhold approval of)
Tenant's plans, drawings, specifications, contractor(s) and other aspects of
construction work proposed by Tenant is intended solely to protect Landlord, the
Property and Landlord's interests. No approval or consent by Landlord shall be
deemed or construed to be a representation or warranty by Landlord as to the
adequacy, sufficiency, fitness or suitability thereof or compliance thereof with
applicable Laws or other requirements. Except as otherwise provided in
Landlord's consent, all Alterations shall upon installation become part of the
realty and be the property of Landlord.
6.2 Before making any Alterations, Tenant shall submit to Landlord
for Landlord's prior approval reasonably detailed final plans and specifications
prepared by a licensed architect or engineer, a copy of the construction
contract, including the name of the contractor and all subcontractors proposed
by Tenant to make the Alterations and a copy of the contractor's license.
Tenant shall reimburse Landlord upon demand for any third party out-of pocket
expenses reasonably incurred by Landlord in connection with any Alterations made
by Tenant, including reasonable fees charged by Landlord's contractors or
consultants to review plans and specifications prepared by Tenant and to update
the existing as-built plans and specifications of the Building to reflect the
Alterations. Tenant shall obtain all applicable permits, authorizations and
governmental approvals and deliver copies of the same to Landlord before
commencement of any Alterations.
6.3 Tenant shall keep the Premises and the Project free and clear of
all liens arising out of any work performed, materials furnished or obligations
incurred by Tenant. If any such lien attaches to the Premises or the Project,
and Tenant does not cause the same to be released by payment, bonding or
otherwise within ten (10) days after Tenant receives actual notice of the
attachment thereof, Landlord shall have the right but not the obligation to
cause the same to be
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released, and any sums expended by Landlord (plus Landlord's administrative
costs) in connection therewith shall be payable by Tenant on demand with
interest thereon from the date of expenditure by Landlord at the Interest Rate
(as defined in Section 16.2 -Interest). Tenant shall give Landlord at least ten
(10) days' notice prior to the commencement of any Alterations and cooperate
with Landlord in posting and maintaining notices of non-responsibility in
connection therewith.
6.4 Subject to the provisions of Section 5 - Use and Compliance with
Laws and the foregoing provisions of this Section, Tenant may install, maintain
and remove at any time furnishings, equipment, movable partitions, business
equipment and other trade fixtures ("Trade Fixtures") in the Premises, which
Trade Fixtures shall include any of the following installed by Tenant and paid
for with Tenant's funds: (i) generator providing uninterrupted power supply;
(ii) transfer switch; (iii) security systems; (iv) computer servers; (v)
cafeteria equipment; (vi) dumpsters; and (vii) signage. Tenant shall promptly
repair any damage to the Premises or the Building caused by any installation or
removal of such Trade Fixtures.
7. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS.
7.1 By taking possession of the Premises Tenant agrees that the
Premises are then in a good and tenantable condition. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, prior to the Commencement Date Landlord shall cause the roof and the
roof membrane, the window film and the following systems (the "MEP Systems") to
be inspected and placed in good working order and repair: (i) existing
electrical, (ii) existing plumbing, and (iii) existing heating, ventilating and
air-conditioning. If, during the first ninety (90) days of the Term, the roof,
the roof membrane, the window film or any MEP System is not in the condition
required by the foregoing sentence, Tenant shall notify Landlord of the need for
repair within ninety (90) days following the Commencement Date, and the repair
shall be promptly be completed by Landlord at no cost to Tenant. Tenant shall
be responsible to clean, maintain and repair the Premises, including providing
janitorial services and disposal of trash (provided, however, that the subject
of repair of damage caused by fire or any other casualty or by condemnation is
governed exclusively by the provisions of Sections 12 and 13 of this Lease); and
to that end, during the Term, Tenant, at Tenant's expense but under the
direction of Landlord, shall repair and maintain the Premises, including,
without limitation, the heating, ventilating and air conditioning system or
systems serving the Premises, the electrical and plumbing systems serving the
Premises, including the lighting and plumbing fixtures, the restrooms serving
the Premises, the roof membrane, interior stairways in the Premises, the
interior and exterior glass, plate glass skylights, interior walls, floor
coverings, ceiling (ceiling tiles and grid), Tenant Improvements, Alterations,
fire extinguishers, outlets and fixtures, and any appliances (including
dishwashers, hot water heaters and garbage disposers) in the Premises, in a
first class condition, and keep the Premises in a clean, safe and orderly
condition; provided, however, (x) Tenant may remove any cafeteria equipment
existing in the Premises as of the date this Lease is executed, and (y) neither
Landlord nor Tenant shall have any obligation to maintain or replace any such
existing cafeteria equipment. Prior to the Commencement Date Tenant shall
provide Landlord with a copy of a service contract with a licensed commercial
Heating, Ventilating and Air-conditioning maintenance company (which contract
and company shall be subject to Landlord's prior approval, which approval shall
not be unreasonably withheld), to maintain, on an ongoing basis (at least
quarterly), the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system serving the
Premises.
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In addition to the foregoing, Tenant acknowledges that the sewer piping at the
Development is made of ABS plastic. Accordingly, without Landlord's prior
written consent, which consent may be granted or withheld in Landlord's sole
discretion, Tenant shall allow only ordinary domestic sewage to be placed in the
sewer system from the Premises. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL TENANT EVER PLACE,
OR ALLOW TO BE PLACED, ANY ESTERS OR KETONES (USUALLY FOUND IN SOLVENTS TO CLEAN
UP PETROLEUM PRODUCTS) IN THE DRAINS OR SEWER SYSTEM, FROM THE PREMISES.
7.2 Landlord shall to the extent necessary to maintain the Project in
a first class condition: (a) maintain or cause to be maintained in reasonably
good order, condition and repair, the structural portions of the roof,
foundations, floors and exterior walls of the Building, landscaping, and the
public and common areas outside of the Building, (b) wash the exterior windows
of the Building on a periodic basis, (c) caulk exterior window joints and
concrete slabs and (d) paint the exterior of the Building, all of which shall be
included as a part of Operating Costs, subject to the terms and conditions
contained in Section 3.2 of this Lease. Landlord shall be under no obligation
to inspect the Premises. Tenant shall promptly report in writing to Landlord
any defective condition known to Tenant which Landlord is required to repair.
As a material part of the consideration for this Lease, Tenant hereby waives any
benefits of any applicable existing or future Law, including the provisions of
California Civil Code Sections 1932(1), 1941 and 1942, that allows a tenant to
make repairs at its landlord's expense.
7.3 Landlord hereby reserves the right, at any time and from time to
time, without liability to Tenant, and without constituting an eviction,
constructive or otherwise, or entitling Tenant to any abatement of rent or to
terminate this Lease or otherwise releasing Tenant from any of Tenant's
obligations under this Lease:
(a) To make alterations, additions, repairs, improvements to or
in or to decrease the size of area of, all or any part of the Building, the
fixtures and equipment therein, and the Building Systems;
(b) To change the Building's name or street address, provided
that Landlord shall pay Tenant's reasonable costs of changing stationery and
business cards resulting from any change in the Building's name or street
address to the extent such stationery and business cards are existing and on
hand at the Premises;
(c) To install and maintain any and all signs on the exterior and
interior of the Building;
(d) To reduce, increase, enclose or otherwise change at any time
and from time to time the size, number, location, lay-out and nature of the
common areas (including the Parking Facility) and other tenancies and premises
in the Property and to create additional rentable areas through use or enclosure
of common areas, subject to the provisions of Section 37 of this Lease); and
(e) If any governmental authority promulgates or revises any Law
or imposes mandatory or voluntary controls or guidelines on Landlord or the
Property relating to the use or
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conservation of energy or utilities or the reduction of automobile or other
emissions or reduction or management of traffic or parking on the Property
(collectively "Controls"), to comply with such Controls, whether mandatory or
voluntary, or make any alterations to the Property related thereto.
(f) In exercising its rights under Subsections (a), (c) and (d)
of this Section 7.2, Landlord shall not reduce the size of the Premises, or
permanently, materially and adversely affect Tenant's access to and use of the
Premises, or materially change Tenant's signage rights, except only as may be
required to comply with Laws or as a result of any fire or other casualty or
Condemnation.
8. TENANT'S TAXES. "Tenant's Taxes" shall mean (a) all taxes, assessments,
license fees and other governmental charges or impositions levied or assessed
against or with respect to Tenant's personal property or Trade Fixtures in the
Premises, whether any such imposition is levied directly against Tenant or
levied against Landlord or the Property, (b) all rental, excise, sales or
transaction privilege taxes arising out of this Lease (excluding, however, state
and federal personal or corporate income taxes measured by the income of
Landlord from all sources) imposed by any taxing authority upon Landlord or upon
Landlord's receipt of any rent payable by Tenant pursuant to the terms of this
Lease ("Rental Tax"), and (c) any increase in Taxes attributable to inclusion of
a value placed on Tenant's personal property, Trade Fixtures or Alterations.
Tenant shall pay any Rental Tax to Landlord in addition to and at the same time
as Base Rent is payable under this Lease, and shall pay all other Tenant's Taxes
before delinquency (and, at Landlord's request, shall furnish Landlord
satisfactory evidence thereof). If Landlord pays Tenant's Taxes or any portion
thereof, Tenant shall reimburse Landlord upon demand for the amount of such
payment, together with interest at the Interest Rate from the date of Landlord's
payment to the date of Tenant's reimbursement.
9. UTILITIES.
9.2 Payment for Utilities and Services.
----------------------------------
(a) If the temperature otherwise maintained in any portion of the
Premises by the HVAC systems of the Building is affected as a result of any
lights, machines or equipment used by Tenant in the Premises, then Tenant shall
be responsible, at Tenant's sole cost and expense, to install any machinery or
equipment reasonably necessary to restore the temperature, including
modifications to the standard air-conditioning equipment, subject to the
provisions of Section 6.1 of this Lease.
(b) Electricity, water, sanitary sewer and any gas will be
separately metered for the Premises. Tenant shall pay directly to the utility
services provider prior to delinquency all charges for water, gas, electricity,
telephone and other telecommunication services, janitorial service, trash pick-
up, sewer and all other services consumed on or supplied to the Premises, and
all taxes, levies, fees and surcharges thereon.
9.3 Interruption of Services. In the event of an interruption in or
------------------------
failure or inability to provide any services or utilities to the Premises or
Building for any reason (a "Service Failure"), such Service Failure shall not,
regardless of its duration, impose upon Landlord any liability
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whatsoever, constitute an eviction of Tenant, constructive or otherwise, entitle
Tenant to an abatement of rent or to terminate this Lease or otherwise release
Tenant from any of Tenant's obligations under this Lease. Tenant hereby waives
any benefits of any applicable existing or future Law, including the provisions
of California Civil Code Section 1932(1), permitting the termination of this
Lease due to such interruption, failure or inability.
10. EXCULPATION AND INDEMNIFICATION.
10.1 Landlord's Indemnification of Tenant. Landlord shall indemnify,
------------------------------------
protect, defend and hold Tenant harmless from and against any claims, actions,
liabilities, damages, costs or expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees
and costs incurred in defending against the same ("Claims") asserted by any
third party against Tenant for loss, injury or damage, to the extent such loss,
injury or damage is caused by the willful misconduct or negligent acts or
omissions of Landlord or its authorized representatives.
10.2 Tenant's Indemnification of Landlord. Tenant shall indemnify,
------------------------------------
protect, defend and hold Landlord and Landlord's authorized representatives
harmless from and against Claims arising from (a) the acts or omissions of
Tenant or Tenant's Representatives or Visitors in or about the Property, or (b)
any construction or other work undertaken by Tenant on the Premises (including
any design defects), or (c) any breach or default under this Lease by Tenant, or
(d) claims by third parties for any loss, injury or damage, howsoever and by
whomsoever caused, to any person or property, occurring in or about the Premises
during the Term, excepting only Claims described in this clause (d) to the
extent they are caused by the willful misconduct or negligent acts or omissions
of Landlord or its authorized representatives. This Section shall not apply to
Hazardous Materials, the subject of which is governed by the provisions of
Section 5.2 of this Lease.
10.3 Damage to Tenant and Tenant's Property. Landlord shall not be
--------------------------------------
liable to Tenant for any loss, injury or other damage to Tenant or to Tenant's
property in or about the Premises or the Property from any cause (including
defects in the Property or in any equipment in the Property; fire, explosion or
other casualty; bursting, rupture, leakage or overflow of any plumbing or other
pipes or lines, sprinklers, tanks, drains, drinking fountains or washstands in,
above, or about the Premises or the Property; or acts of other tenants in the
Property). Tenant hereby waives all claims against Landlord for any such loss,
injury or damage and the cost and expense of defending against claims relating
thereto, including any loss, injury or damage caused by Landlord's negligence
(active or passive) or willful misconduct. Notwithstanding any other provision
of this Lease to the contrary, in no event shall Landlord be liable to Tenant
for any punitive or consequential damages or damages for loss of business by
Tenant.
10.4 Survival. The obligations of the parties under this Section 10
--------
shall survive the expiration or termination of this Lease.
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11. INSURANCE.
11.1 Tenant's Insurance.
------------------
(a) Liability Insurance. Tenant shall maintain in full force
-------------------
throughout the Term, commercial general liability insurance providing coverage
on an occurrence form basis with limits of not less than Four Million Dollars
($4,000,000.00) each occurrence for bodily injury and property damage combined,
Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) annual general aggregate, and Four Million
Dollars ($4,000,000.00) products and completed operations annual aggregate.
Tenant's liability insurance policy or policies shall: (i) include premises and
operations liability coverage, products and completed operations liability
coverage, broad form property damage coverage including completed operations,
blanket contractual liability coverage including, to the maximum extent
possible, coverage for the indemnification obligations of Tenant under this
Lease, and personal and advertising injury coverage; (ii) provide that the
insurance company has the duty to defend all insureds under the policy; (iii)
[intentionally deleted]; (iv) cover liabilities arising out of or incurred in
connection with Tenant's use or occupancy of the Premises or the Property; (v)
extend coverage to cover liability for the actions of Tenant's Representatives
and Visitors; and (iv) designate separate limits for the Property. Each policy
of liability insurance required by this Section shall: (i) contain a cross
liability endorsement or separation of insureds clause; (ii) provide that any
waiver of subrogation rights or release prior to a loss does not void coverage;
(iii) provide that it is primary to and not contributing with, any policy of
insurance carried by Landlord covering the same loss; (iv) provide that any
failure to comply with the reporting provisions shall not affect coverage
provided to Landlord, its partners, property managers and Mortgagees; and (v)
name Landlord, its partners, the Property Manager identified in the Basic Lease
Information (the "Property Manager"), and such other parties in interest as
Landlord may from time to time reasonably designate to Tenant in writing, as
additional insureds. Such additional insureds shall be provided at least the
same extent of coverage as is provided to Tenant under such policies. All
endorsements effecting such additional insured status shall be at least as broad
as additional insured endorsement form number CG 20 11 11 85 promulgated by the
Insurance Services Office.
(b) Property Insurance. Tenant shall at all times maintain in
------------------
effect with respect to any Alterations and Tenant's Trade Fixtures and personal
property, commercial property insurance providing coverage, on an "all risk" or
"special form" basis, in an amount equal to at least 90% of the full replacement
cost of the covered property. Tenant may carry such insurance under a blanket
policy, provided that such policy provides coverage equivalent to a separate
policy. During the Term, the proceeds from any such policies of insurance shall
be used for the repair or replacement of the Alterations, Trade Fixtures and
personal property so insured. Landlord shall be provided coverage under such
insurance to the extent of its insurable interest and, if requested by Landlord,
both Landlord and Tenant shall sign all documents reasonably necessary or proper
in connection with the settlement of any claim or loss under such insurance.
Landlord will have no obligation to carry insurance on any Alterations or on
Tenant's Trade Fixtures or personal property.
(c) Requirements For All Policies. Each policy of insurance
-----------------------------
required under this Section 11.1 shall: (i) be in a form, and written by an
insurer, reasonably acceptable to Landlord, (ii) be maintained at Tenant's sole
cost and expense, and (iii) require at least thirty (30) days' written notice to
Landlord prior to any cancellation, nonrenewal or modification of insurance
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coverage. Insurance companies issuing such policies shall have rating
classifications of "A" or better and financial size category ratings of "VII" or
better according to the latest edition of the A.M. Best Key Rating Guide. All
insurance companies issuing such policies shall be admitted carriers licensed to
do business in the state where the Property is located. Any deductible amount
under such insurance shall not exceed $5,000. Tenant shall provide to Landlord,
upon request, evidence that the insurance required to be carried by Tenant
pursuant to this Section, including any endorsement effecting the additional
insured status, is in full force and effect and that premiums therefor have been
paid.
(d) Updating Coverage. [Intentionally deleted].
-----------------
(e) Certificates of Insurance. Prior to occupancy of the Premises
-------------------------
by Tenant, and not less than thirty (30) days prior to expiration of any policy
thereafter, Tenant shall furnish to Landlord a certificate of insurance
reflecting that the insurance required by this Section is in force, accompanied
by an endorsement showing the required additional insureds satisfactory to
Landlord in substance and form. Notwithstanding the requirements of this
paragraph, Tenant shall at Landlord's request provide to Landlord a certified
copy of each insurance policy required to be in force at any time pursuant to
the requirements of this Lease or its Exhibits.
11.2 Landlord's Insurance. During the Term, to the extent such
--------------------
coverages are available at a commercially reasonable cost, Landlord shall
maintain in effect insurance on the Building with responsible insurers, on an
"all risk" or "special form" basis, insuring the Building and the Tenant
Improvements in an amount equal to at least 90% of the replacement cost thereof,
excluding land, foundations, footings and underground installations. Landlord
may, but shall not be obligated to, carry insurance against additional perils
and/or in greater amounts.
11.3 Mutual Waiver of Right of Recovery & Waiver of Subrogation.
----------------------------------------------------------
Notwithstanding any other provision in this Lease to the contrary, Landlord and
Tenant each hereby waive any right of recovery against each other and the
partners, managers, members, shareholders, officers, directors and authorized
representatives of each other for any loss or damage that is covered by any
policy of property insurance maintained by either party (or required by this
Lease to be maintained) with respect to the Premises or the Property or any
operation therein, regardless of cause, including negligence (active or passive)
of the party benefiting from the waiver. If any such policy of insurance
relating to this Lease or to the Premises or the Property does not permit the
foregoing waiver or if the coverage under any such policy would be invalidated
as a result of such waiver, the party maintaining such policy shall obtain from
the insurer under such policy a waiver of all right of recovery by way of
subrogation against either party in connection with any claim, loss or damage
covered by such policy.
12. DAMAGE OR DESTRUCTION.
12.1 Landlord's Duty to Repair.
-------------------------
(a) If all or a substantial part of either Building in which the
Premises is located are rendered untenantable or inaccessible by damage to all
or any part of the Property from fire or other casualty then, unless either
party is entitled to and elects to terminate this Lease pursuant to
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Sections 12.2 - Landlord's Right to Terminate and 12.3 - Tenant's Right to
Terminate, Landlord shall, at its expense, use reasonable efforts to repair and
restore the Premises and/or the Property, as the case may be, to substantially
their former condition to the extent permitted by then applicable Laws;
provided, however, in no event shall Landlord have any obligation for repair or
restoration for any of Tenant's personal property, Trade Fixtures or
Alterations.
(b) If Landlord is required or elects to repair damage to the
Premises and/or the Property, this Lease shall continue in effect, but Tenant's
Base Rent and Additional Rent shall be abated with regard to any portion of the
Premises that Tenant is prevented from using by reason of such damage or its
repair from the date of the casualty until substantial completion of Landlord's
repair of the affected portion of the Premises as required under this Lease. In
no event shall Landlord be liable to Tenant by reason of any injury to or
interference with Tenant's business or property arising from fire or other
casualty or by reason of any repairs to any part of the Property necessitated by
such casualty.
12.2 Landlord's Right to Terminate. Landlord may elect to terminate
-----------------------------
this Lease following damage by fire or other casualty under the following
circumstances:
(a) If, in the reasonable judgment of Landlord, the Premises and
that part of the Property that is damaged which renders the Premises
untenantable or inaccessible cannot be substantially repaired and restored under
applicable Laws within one (1) year from the date of the casualty;
(b) If, in the reasonable judgment of Landlord, adequate proceeds
are not, for any reason (other than Landlord's failure to maintain the "all
risk" insurance required under Section 11.2 of this Lease), made available to
Landlord from Landlord's insurance policies (and/or from Landlord's funds made
available for such purpose, at Landlord's sole option) to make the required
repairs and Landlord notifies Tenant in writing that Landlord has elected not to
restore the Premises but instead intends to either (x) demolish the Premises
without the intent to restore it to substantially its original condition within
six (6) months after such demolition, or (y) replace the Premises with a
substantially different structure; provided, however, Landlord shall not have
the right to terminate this Lease pursuant to the provisions of this Subsection
(b) if Landlord restores or repairs the Premises within one (1) year following
the date of any such fire or other casualty. In determining whether or not
adequate proceeds are available to Landlord, the following funds shall be taken
into account: (i) proceeds from Landlord's insurance policies actually received
by Landlord, (ii) any additional funds Landlord elects to make available for
such purpose at Landlord's sole option, (iii) any funds Tenant elects to make
available for such purpose at Tenant's sole option (which option Tenant may
exercise by written notice to Landlord within thirty (30) days after Landlord
notifies Tenant that Landlord elects to terminate the Lease under this
subsection) and (iv) any payments of Operating Expenses which relate to
insurance deductibles paid by Tenant in the 12 months following the casualty;
(c) If either Building in which the Premises is located is
damaged or destroyed to the extent that, in the reasonable judgment of Landlord,
the cost to repair and restore such Building would exceed fifty percent (50%) of
the full replacement cost of such Building; or
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(d) If the fire or other casualty occurs during the last year of
the Term, and the repairs and restoration would either (i) take longer than
ninety (90) days to complete following the date of the fire or other casualty,
or (ii) would not be completed at least ninety (90) days prior to the expiration
of the Term.
If any of the circumstances described in subparagraphs (a), (b), (c) or (d) of
this Section 12.2 occur or arise, Landlord shall give Tenant notice within one
hundred and twenty (120) days after the date of the casualty, specifying whether
Landlord elects to terminate this Lease as provided above and, if not,
Landlord's estimate of the time required to complete Landlord's repair
obligations under this Lease.
12.3 Tenant's Right to Terminate. If all or a substantial part of
---------------------------
the Premises are rendered untenantable or inaccessible by damage to all or any
part of the Property from fire or other casualty, and Landlord does not elect to
terminate as provided above, then Tenant may elect to terminate this Lease if
(a) Landlord's estimate of the time required to complete Landlord's repair
obligations under this Lease is greater than one (1) year, in which event Tenant
may elect to terminate this Lease by giving Landlord notice of such election to
terminate within thirty (30) days after Landlord's notice to Tenant pursuant to
Section 12.2 - Landlord's Right to Terminate, or (b) if the fire or other
casualty occurs during the last year of the Term, and would either (i) take
longer than ninety (90) days to complete following the date of the fire or other
casualty, or (ii) would not be completed at least ninety (90) days prior to the
expiration of the Term, then Tenant may elect to terminate this Lease during the
last year of the Term by giving Landlord written notice of such election to
terminate within thirty (30) days following the determination of the time to
repair or restore.
12.4 Waiver. Landlord and Tenant each hereby waive the provisions of
------
California Civil Code Sections 1932(2), 1933(4) and any other applicable
existing or future Law permitting the termination of a lease agreement in the
event of damage or destruction under any circumstances other than as provided in
Sections 12.2 - Landlord's Right to Terminate and 12.3 - Tenant's Right to
Terminate.
13. CONDEMNATION.
13.1 Definitions.
-----------
(a) "Award" shall mean all compensation, sums, or anything of
value awarded, paid or received on a total or partial Condemnation.
(b) "Condemnation" shall mean (i) a permanent taking (or a
temporary taking for a period extending beyond the end of the Term) pursuant to
the exercise of the power of condemnation or eminent domain by any public or
quasi-public authority, private corporation or individual having such power
("Condemnor"), whether by legal proceedings or otherwise, or (ii) a voluntary
sale or transfer by Landlord to any such authority, either under threat of
condemnation or while legal proceedings for condemnation are pending.
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(c) "Date of Condemnation" shall mean the earlier of the date
that title to the property taken is vested in the Condemnor or the date the
Condemnor has the right to possession of the property being condemned.
13.2 Effect on Lease.
---------------
(a) If the Premises are totally taken by Condemnation, this Lease
shall terminate as of the Date of Condemnation. If a portion but not all of the
Premises is taken by Condemnation, this Lease shall remain in effect; provided,
however, that if the portion of the Premises remaining after the Condemnation
will be unsuitable for Tenant's continued use, then upon notice to Landlord
within thirty (30) days after Landlord notifies Tenant of the Condemnation,
Tenant may terminate this Lease effective as of the Date of Condemnation.
(b) If twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the Project or of the
parcel(s) of land on which the Building is situated or of the Parking Facility
or of the floor area in the Building is taken by Condemnation, or if as a result
of any Condemnation the Building is no longer reasonably suitable for use as an
office building, whether or not any portion of the Premises is taken, Landlord
may elect to terminate this Lease, effective as of the Date of Condemnation, by
notice to Tenant within thirty (30) days after the Date of Condemnation.
(c) If all or a portion of the Premises is temporarily taken by a
Condemnor for a period not extending beyond the end of the Term, this Lease
shall remain in full force and effect.
13.3 Restoration. If this Lease is not terminated as provided in
-----------
Section 13.2 - Effect on Lease, Landlord, at its expense, shall diligently
proceed to repair and restore the Premises to substantially its former condition
(to the extent permitted by then applicable Laws) and/or repair and restore the
Building to an architecturally complete office building; provided, however, that
Landlord's obligations to so repair and restore shall be limited to the amount
of any Award received by Landlord and not required to be paid to any Mortgagee
(as defined in Section 20.2 below). In no event shall Landlord have any
obligation to repair or replace any improvements in the Premises beyond the
amount of any Award received by Landlord for such repair or to repair or replace
any of Tenant's personal property, Trade Fixtures, or Alterations.
13.4 Abatement and Reduction of Rent. If any portion of the Premises
-------------------------------
is taken in a Condemnation or is rendered permanently untenantable by repairs
necessitated by the Condemnation, and this Lease is not terminated, the Base
Rent and Additional Rent payable under this Lease shall be proportionally
reduced as of the Date of Condemnation based upon the percentage of rentable
square feet in the Premises so taken or rendered permanently untenantable. In
addition, if this Lease remains in effect following a Condemnation and Landlord
proceeds to repair and restore the Premises, the Base Rent and Additional Rent
payable under this Lease shall be abated during the period of such repair or
restoration to the extent such repairs prevent Tenant's use of the Premises.
13.5 Awards. Any Award made shall be paid to Landlord, and Tenant
------
hereby assigns to Landlord, and waives all interest in or claim to, any such
Award, including any claim for the value of the unexpired Term; provided,
however, that Tenant shall be entitled to receive, or to prosecute a
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separate claim for, an Award for a temporary taking of the Premises or a portion
thereof by a Condemnor where this Lease is not terminated (to the extent such
Award relates to the unexpired Term), or an Award or portion thereof separately
designated for relocation expenses or the interruption of or damage to Tenant's
business or as compensation for Tenant's personal property, Trade Fixtures or
Alterations.
13.6 Waiver. Landlord and Tenant each hereby waive the provisions of
------
California Code of Civil Procedure Section 1265.130 and any other applicable
existing or future Law allowing either party to petition for a termination of
this Lease upon a partial taking of the Premises and/or the Property.
14. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING.
14.1 Landlord's Consent Required. Tenant shall not assign this Lease
---------------------------
or any interest therein, or sublet or license or permit the use or occupancy of
the Premises or any part thereof by or for the benefit of anyone other than
Tenant, or in any other manner transfer all or any part of Tenant's interest
under this Lease (each and all a "Transfer" and the transferee in any transfer
is referred to herein as a "Transferee"), without the prior written consent of
Landlord, which consent (subject to the other provisions of this Section 14)
shall not be unreasonably withheld. Notwithstanding any provision in this Lease
to the contrary, Tenant shall not mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise
encumber this Lease or all or any part of Tenant's interest under this Lease.
The term "Transfer" shall include any direct or indirect transfer of ownership
interest of the entity, whether in one transaction or in a series of related
transactions, that results in any person or entity (or group of related persons
or entities) becoming the owners of fifty percent (50%) or more of the ownership
interests of the entity (a "Change of Control"); provided, however, that none of
the following shall constitute a Transfer, or be considered in determining
whether or not a Change of Control has occurred: (i) any transfer of stock in a
corporation that is the Tenant if the stock of such corporation is publicly held
and traded through an exchange or over the counter; (ii) if Tenant is a
corporation, any public or private placements or offerings of Tenant's stock,
including any initial public offering of such stock; and (iii) the issuance of
warrants or stock options to purchase Tenant's stock, and the exercise of
purchase rights under any such warrants or stock options.
14.2 Reasonable Consent.
------------------
(a) Prior to any proposed Transfer, Tenant shall submit in
writing to Landlord (i) the name and legal composition of the proposed assignee,
subtenant, user or other transferee (each a "Proposed Transferee"); (ii) the
nature of the business proposed to be carried on in the Premises; (iii) a
current balance sheet, income statements for the last two years and such other
reasonable financial and other information concerning the Proposed Transferee as
Landlord may request; and (iv) a copy of the proposed assignment, sublease or
other agreement governing the proposed Transfer. Within fifteen (15) Business
Days after Landlord receives all such information it shall notify Tenant whether
it approves or disapproves such Transfer or if it elects to proceed under
Section 14.7 - Landlord's Right to Space.
(b) Tenant acknowledges and agrees that, among other
circumstances for which Landlord could reasonably withhold consent to a proposed
Transfer, it shall be reasonable for
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Landlord to withhold consent where (i) the Proposed Transferee does not intend
itself to initially occupy at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the portion of
the Premises assigned or sublet, (ii) Landlord reasonably disapproves of the
Proposed Transferee's business operating ability or history, reputation or
creditworthiness or the nature or character of the business to be conducted by
the Proposed Transferee at the Premises, (iii) the Proposed Transferee is a
governmental agency, (iv) the proposed Transfer would violate any "exclusive"
rights of any tenants in the Project, or (v) the proposed Transfer would have
the effect of materially decreasing the value of the Project or materially
increasing the expenses associated with operating, maintaining and repairing the
Project.
14.3 Excess Consideration. If Landlord consents to the Transfer,
--------------------
Landlord shall be entitled to receive as Additional Rent hereunder, fifty
percent (50%) of all "Sublease Profits" (as defined below). "Sublease Profits "
shall mean, in the case of a sublease, the excess of the rent and other
consideration payable by the subtenant for the sublease over the amount of Base
Rent and Additional Rent payable hereunder applicable to the subleased space,
less any and all direct, out-of-pocket expenses and cash concessions, including
costs for necessary Alterations and brokerage commission, paid by Tenant to
procure the assignee or subtenant ("Subleasing Expenses "). In the case of an
assignment, the term "Sublease Profits" shall mean any consideration paid by the
Transferee for the assignment, less the amount of Subleasing Expenses paid by
Tenant with respect to such assignment transaction. With respect to when
payment is to be made to Landlord of its share of Sublease Profits (i) in the
case of an assignment, Tenant shall first be entitled to recover all Subleasing
Expenses with respect to such assignment as and when consideration is received
from the assignee, and thereafter as additional consideration (if any) is
received, Landlord's share thereof shall be paid to it by Tenant within ten (10)
days after receipt by Tenant; and (ii) in the case of a sublease, all Subleasing
Expenses shall be amortized over the term of the sublease in question, and as
any excess of the rent and other consideration payable by the Subtenant over the
amount of Base Rent and Additional Rent payable hereunder, applicable to the
sublease space is received by Tenant, Tenant shall be entitled to first recover
accrued amortization of the Subleasing Expenses, and from any remaining amount
Tenant shall pay to Landlord as additional rent, within ten (10) days after
receipt thereof, fifty percent (50%) of such remaining amount.
14.4 No Release Of Tenant. No consent by Landlord to any Transfer
--------------------
shall relieve Tenant of any obligation to be performed by Tenant under this
Lease, whether occurring before or after such consent, assignment, subletting or
other Transfer. Each assignee of the Lease shall be jointly and severally
liable with Tenant (and Tenant shall be jointly and severally liable with each
Transferee) for the payment of rent and for the performance of all other terms
and provisions of this Lease. The consent by Landlord to any Transfer shall not
relieve Tenant or any such Transferee from the obligation to obtain Landlord's
express prior written consent to any subsequent Transfer by Tenant or any
Transferee. The acceptance of rent by Landlord from any other person (whether
or not such person is an occupant of the Premises) shall not be deemed to be a
waiver by Landlord of any provision of this Lease or to be a consent to any
Transfer. If, in connection with any such Transfer, Tenant gives Landlord a
written request for Landord to provide an estoppel certificate, then Landlord
agrees to use reasonable efforts to provide to the Transferee a certificate
stating whether or not this Lease is in full force and effect, describing any
amendments or modifications hereto, the Term, the monthly Base Rent, the date to
which Rent has been paid, the amount of any security deposit or prepaid rent,
and whether Landlord in good faith beleives to be true to the best of its
knowledge that either party hereto is in default under the terms of the Lease.
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14.5 Expenses and Attorneys' Fees. Tenant shall pay to Landlord on
----------------------------
demand all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees not to
exceed $1,000.00 per request for Landlord's consent to a Transfer) incurred by
Landlord in connection with reviewing or consenting to any proposed Transfer
(including any request for consent to, or any waiver of Landlord's rights in
connection with, any security interest in any of Tenant's property at the
Premises).
14.6 Effectiveness of Transfer. Prior to the date on which any
-------------------------
permitted Transfer (whether or not requiring Landlord's consent) becomes
effective, Tenant shall deliver to Landlord a counterpart of the fully executed
Transfer document and Landlord's standard form of Consent to Assignment or
(attached hereto as Exhibit G) or Consent to Sublease (attached hereto as
Exhibit H) executed by Tenant and the Transferee in which each of Tenant and the
Transferee confirms its obligations pursuant to this Lease. Failure or refusal
of a Transferee to execute any such instrument shall not release or discharge
the Transferee from liability as provided herein. The voluntary, involuntary or
other surrender of this Lease by Tenant, or a mutual cancellation by Landlord
and Tenant, shall not work a merger, and any such surrender or cancellation
shall, at the option of Landlord, either terminate all or any existing subleases
or operate as an assignment to Landlord of any or all of such subleases.
14.7 Landlord's Right to Space. Notwithstanding any of the above
-------------------------
provisions of this Section to the contrary, if Tenant notifies Landlord that it
desires to enter into a Transfer, Landlord, in lieu of consenting to such
Transfer, may elect (x) in the case of an assignment or a sublease of the entire
Premises, to terminate this Lease, or (y) in the case of a sublease which
cumulatively results in Tenant subleasing (whether to one or more entities) one
full floor (20,707 contiguous rentable square feet) or more of the entire
Premises, to terminate this Lease as it relates to the space proposed to be
subleased by Tenant only if the sublease is to expire less than nine (9) months
prior to the scheduled expiration date of this Lease; provided, however, a
change in control of Tenant shall not, by itself, entitle Landlord to terminate
this Lease pursuant to the provisions of this Section 14.7. In such event, this
Lease will terminate (or the space proposed to be subleased will be removed from
the Premises subject to this Lease and the Base Rent, Tenant's Share, the
Security Deposit and the amount of the Letter of Credit under this Lease shall
be proportionately reduced) on the date the Transfer was proposed to be
effective, and Landlord may lease such space to any party, including the
prospective Transferee identified by Tenant.
14.8 Assignment of Sublease Rents. Tenant hereby absolutely and
----------------------------
irrevocably assigns to Landlord any and all rights to receive rent and other
consideration from any sublease and agrees that Landlord, as assignee or as
attorney-in-fact for Tenant for purposes hereof, or a receiver for Tenant
appointed on Landlord's application may (but shall not be obligated to) collect
such rents and other consideration and apply the same toward Tenant's
obligations to Landlord under this Lease; provided, however, that Landlord
grants to Tenant at all times prior to occurrence of any breach or default by
Tenant a revocable license to collect such rents (which license shall
automatically and without notice be and be deemed to have been revoked and
terminated immediately upon any Event of Default).
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14.9 Permitted Transfers. Notwithstanding any provision contained in
-------------------
the Section 14 to the contrary, Tenant shall have the right, without the consent
of Landlord, upon ten (10) days prior written notice to Landlord, to engage in
any of the following transactions (each a "Permitted Transfer") and to Transfer
the Lease to any of the following entities (each, a "Permitted Transferee"):
(i) a merger, consolidation, or non-bankruptcy reorganization involving Tenant,
whether or not Tenant is the surviving corporation, including any of the
foregoing where Tenant's interest in the Lease is transferred to the surviving
corporation; (ii) a transfer of Tenant's interest in this Lease to a purchaser
of at least ninety percent (90%) of Tenant's assets as an ongoing concern; and
(iii) a transfer of Tenant's interest in this Lease to an "Affiliate" of Tenant.
In addition, if Tenant experiences a Change of Control where Landlord's consent
is required, and such consent is obtained, such Change of Control shall also
constitute a "Permitted Transfer". The provisions of Sections 14.2, 14.3 and
14.7 shall not apply with respect to a Permitted Transfer, but any transfer
pursuant to the provisions of this Section 14.9 shall be subject to all other
terms and conditions of this Lease, including the provisions of this Section
14.9. Tenant shall remain liable under this Lease after any such transfer. For
the purposes of this Article 14, the term "Affiliate" of Tenant shall mean and
refer to any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with
Tenant or Tenant's parent, as the case may be. "Control" as used herein shall
mean the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the
direction of the management and policies of such controlled entity; and the
ownership, or possession of the right to vote, in the ordinary direction of its
affairs, of at least fifty percent (50%) of the voting interest in any entity.
Notwithstanding Tenant's right to Transfer to an Affiliate pursuant to the
provisions of this Section 14.9, Tenant may not, through use of its rights under
this Article 14 in two or more transactions (whether separate transactions or
steps or phases of a single transaction), at one time or over time, whether by
first assigning this Lease to a subsidiary and then merging the subsidiary into
another entity or selling the stock of the subsidiary or by other means, assign
or sublease the Premises, or transfer control of Tenant, to any person or entity
which is not a subsidiary, affiliate or controlling corporation of the original
Tenant, as then constituted, existing prior to the commencement of such
transactions, without first obtaining Landlord's prior written consent pursuant
to the provisions of Section 14.2.
15. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES.
15.1 Events of Default. The occurrence of any of the following shall
-----------------
constitute an "Event of Default" by Tenant:
(a) Tenant fails to make any payment of rent when due, or any
amount required to replenish the security deposit as provided in Section 4
above, if payment in full is not received by Landlord within three (3) days
after written notice that it is due.
(b) Tenant abandons the Premises.
(c) Tenant fails timely to deliver any subordination document,
estoppel certificate or financial statement requested by Landlord within the
applicable time period specified in Sections 20 - Encumbrances - and 21 -
Estoppel Certificates and Financial Statements - below,
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and such failure is not cured within five (5) days after Landlord notifies
Tenant in writing of such failure.
(d) Tenant violates the restrictions on Transfer set forth in
Section 14 - Assignment and Subletting.
(e) Tenant ceases doing business as a going concern; makes an
assignment for the benefit of creditors; is adjudicated an insolvent, files a
petition (or files an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition)
seeking relief under any under any state or federal bankruptcy or other statute,
law or regulation affecting creditors' rights; all or substantially all of
Tenant's assets are subject to judicial seizure or attachment and are not
released within 30 days, or Tenant consents to or acquiesces in the appointment
of a trustee, receiver or liquidator for Tenant or for all or any substantial
part of Tenant's assets.
(f) Tenant fails, within ninety (90) days after the commencement
of any proceedings against Tenant seeking relief under any state or federal
bankruptcy or other statute, law or regulation affecting creditors' rights, to
have such proceedings dismissed, or Tenant fails, within ninety (90) days after
an appointment, without Tenant's consent or acquiescence, of any trustee,
receiver or liquidator for Tenant or for all or any substantial part of Tenant's
assets, to have such appointment vacated.
(g) Tenant fails to perform or comply with any provision of this
Lease other than those described in (a) through (f) above, and does not fully
cure such failure within thirty (30) days after notice to Tenant or, if such
failure cannot be cured within such thirty (30)-day period, Tenant fails within
such thirty (30)-day period to commence, and thereafter diligently and
continuously proceeds with all actions necessary to cure such failure as soon as
reasonably possible but in all events within ninety (90) days of such notice,
provided, however if such failure, by its nature, is not capable of being cured
within such ninety (90) day period, then Tenant shall have such additional time
to cure such failure so long as Tenant is diligently and continuously proceeding
with all actions necessary to cure such failure as soon as reasonably possible.
15.2 Remedies. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, Landlord
--------
shall have the following remedies, which shall not be exclusive but shall be
cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedies now or hereafter
allowed by law:
(a) Landlord may terminate Tenant's right to possession of the
Premises at any time by written notice to Tenant. Tenant expressly acknowledges
that in the absence of such written notice from Landlord, no other act of
Landlord, including re-entry into the Premises, efforts to relet the Premises,
reletting of the Premises for Tenant's account, storage of Tenant's personal
property and Trade Fixtures, acceptance of keys to the Premises from Tenant or
exercise of any other rights and remedies under this Section, shall constitute
an acceptance of Tenant's surrender of the Premises or constitute a termination
of this Lease or of Tenant's right to possession of the Premises. Upon such
termination in writing of Tenant's right to possession of the Premises, as
herein provided, this Lease shall terminate and Landlord shall be entitled to
recover damages from Tenant as provided in California Civil Code Section 1951.2
and any other applicable existing or future Law providing for recovery of
damages for such breach, including the worth at the time of
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award of the amount by which the rent which would be payable by Tenant hereunder
for the remainder of the Term after the date of the award of damages, including
Additional Rent as reasonably estimated by Landlord, exceeds the amount of such
rental loss as Tenant proves could have been reasonably avoided, discounted at
the discount rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco for
member banks at the time of the award plus one percent (1%).
(b) Landlord shall have the remedy described in California Civil
Code Section 1951.4 (Landlord may continue this Lease in effect after Tenant's
breach and abandonment and recover rent as it becomes due, if Tenant has the
right to sublet or assign, subject only to reasonable limitations).
(c) Landlord may cure the Event of Default at Tenant's expense.
If Landlord pays any sum or incurs any expense in curing the Event of Default,
Tenant shall reimburse Landlord upon demand for the amount of such payment or
expense with interest at the Interest Rate from the date the sum is paid or the
expense is incurred until Landlord is reimbursed by Tenant.
(d) Landlord may remove all Tenant's property from the Premises,
and such property may be stored by Landlord in a public warehouse or elsewhere
at the sole cost and for the account of Tenant. If Landlord does not elect to
store any or all of Tenant's property left in the Premises, Landlord may
consider such property to be abandoned by Tenant, and Landlord may thereupon
dispose of such property in any manner deemed appropriate by Landlord. Any
proceeds realized by Landlord on the disposal of any such property shall be
applied first to offset all expenses of storage and sale, then credited against
Tenant's outstanding obligations to Landlord under this Lease, and any balance
remaining after satisfaction of all obligations of Tenant under this Lease shall
be delivered to Tenant.
16. LATE CHARGE AND INTEREST.
16.1 Late Charge. If any payment of rent is not received by Landlord
-----------
when due, Tenant shall pay to Landlord on demand as a late charge ("Late
Charge") an additional amount equal to four percent (4%) of the overdue payment.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tenant shall not be obligated to pay a Late
Charge on the first payment of rent not received by Landlord when due in any
consecutive twelve (12) month period unless Tenant does not pay such rent within
five (5) days after written notice from Landlord (the "Past Due Notice") that
such payment of rent is past due. Tenant shall pay the Late Charge to Landlord
on demand commencing with the second (2nd) past due payment in any twelve (12)
month period, and continuing with each past due payment thereafter in such
twelve (12) month period. A Late Charge shall not be imposed more than once on
any particular installment not paid when due, but imposition of a Late Charge on
any payment not made when due does not eliminate or supersede late charges
imposed on other (prior) payments not made when due or preclude imposition of a
late charge on other installments or payments not made when due.
16.2 Interest. In addition to the late charges referred to above,
--------
which are intended to defray Landlord's costs resulting from late payments, any
payment from Tenant to Landlord not paid when due shall at Landlord's option
bear interest from the date due until paid to Landlord by Tenant at the rate of
fifteen percent (15%) per annum or the maximum lawful rate that Landlord
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may charge to Tenant under applicable laws, whichever is less (the "Interest
Rate"). Acceptance of any late charge and/or interest shall not constitute a
waiver of Tenant's default with respect to the overdue sum or prevent Landlord
from exercising any of its other rights and remedies under this Lease.
17. WAIVER. No provisions of this Lease shall be deemed waived by Landlord
unless such waiver is in a writing signed by Landlord. The waiver by Landlord
of any breach of any provision of this Lease shall not be deemed a waiver of
such provision or of any subsequent breach of the same or any other provision of
this Lease. No delay or omission in the exercise of any right or remedy of
Landlord upon any default by Tenant shall impair such right or remedy or be
construed as a waiver. Landlord's acceptance of any payments of rent due under
this Lease shall not be deemed a waiver of any default by Tenant under this
Lease (including Tenant's recurrent failure to timely pay rent) other than
Tenant's nonpayment of the accepted sums, and no endorsement or statement on any
check or payment or in any letter or document accompanying any check or payment
shall be deemed an accord and satisfaction. Landlord's consent to or approval
of any act by Tenant requiring Landlord's consent or approval shall not be
deemed to waive or render unnecessary Landlord's consent to or approval of any
subsequent act by Tenant.
18. ENTRY, INSPECTION AND CLOSURE. Upon reasonable oral or written notice to
Tenant (and without notice in emergencies), Landlord and its authorized
representatives may enter the Premises at all reasonable times to: (a)
determine whether the Premises are in good condition, (b) determine whether
Tenant is complying with its obligations under this Lease, (c) perform any
maintenance or repair of the Premises or the Building that Landlord has the
right or obligation to perform, (d) install or repair improvements for other
tenants where access to the Premises is required for such installation or
repair, (e) serve, post or keep posted any notices required or allowed under the
provisions of this Lease, (f) show the Premises to prospective brokers, agents,
buyers, transferees, Mortgagees or tenants, or (g) do any other act or thing
necessary for the safety or preservation of the Premises or the Building. When
reasonably necessary Landlord may temporarily close entrances, doors, corridors
or other facilities in the Building without liability to Tenant by reason of
such closure. Landlord shall conduct its activities under this Section in a
manner that will minimize inconvenience to Tenant without incurring additional
expense to Landlord. In no event shall Tenant be entitled to an abatement of
rent on account of any entry by Landlord, and Landlord shall not be liable in
any manner for any inconvenience, loss of business or other damage to Tenant or
other persons arising out of Landlord's entry on the Premises in accordance with
this Section. No action by Landlord pursuant to this paragraph shall constitute
an eviction of Tenant, constructive or otherwise, entitle Tenant to an abatement
of rent or to terminate this Lease or otherwise release Tenant from any of
Tenant's obligations under this Lease.
19. SURRENDER AND HOLDING OVER.
19.1 Surrender. Upon the expiration or termination of this Lease,
---------
Tenant shall surrender the Premises and all Tenant Improvements and Alterations
to Landlord broom-clean and in their original condition, except for reasonable
wear and tear, damage from casualty or condemnation and any changes resulting
from approved Alterations; provided, however, that prior to the expiration or
termination of this Lease Tenant shall remove all telephone and other cabling
installed in the Building by Tenant and remove from the Premises all Tenant's
personal property and any Trade
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Fixtures and all Alterations that Landlord has elected to require Tenant to
remove (all such property being herein called "Tenant's Removal Property") as
provided in Section 6.1 - Tenant Improvements & Alterations, and repair any
damage caused by such removal. If such removal is not completed before the
expiration or termination of the Term, Landlord shall have the right (but no
obligation) to remove Tenant's Removal Property, and Tenant shall pay Landlord
on demand for all costs of removal and storage of Tenant's Removal Property and
for any other damages incurred by Landlord as a result of Tenant's failure to
remove Tenant's Removal Property from the Premises at the expiration or
termination of this Lease. Landlord shall also have the right to retain or
dispose of all or any portion of Tenant's Removal Property if Tenant does not
pay all such costs and retrieve the property within twenty (20) days after
notice from Landlord (in which event title to all such property described in
Landlord's notice shall be transferred to and vest in Landlord). Tenant waives
all Claims against Landlord for any damage or loss to Tenant resulting from
Landlord's removal, storage, retention, or disposition of any such Tenant's
Removal Property. Upon expiration or termination of this Lease or of Tenant's
possession, whichever is earliest, Tenant shall surrender all keys to the
Premises or any other part of the Building and shall deliver to Landlord all
keys for or make known to Landlord the combination of locks on all safes,
cabinets and vaults that may be located in the Premises. Tenant's obligations
under this Section shall survive the expiration or termination of this Lease.
19.2 Holding Over. If Tenant (directly or through any Transferee or
------------
other successor-in-interest of Tenant) remains in possession of the Premises
after the expiration or termination of this Lease, Tenant's continued possession
shall be on the basis of a tenancy at the sufferance of Landlord. No act or
omission by Landlord, other than its specific written consent, shall constitute
permission for Tenant to continue in possession of the Premises, and if such
consent is given or declared to have been given by a court judgment, Landlord
may terminate Tenant's holdover tenancy at any time upon seven (7) days written
notice. In such event, Tenant shall continue to comply with or perform all the
terms and obligations of Tenant under this Lease, except that the monthly Base
Rent during Tenant's holding over shall be one hundred seventy-five percent
(175%) of the Base Rent payable in the last full month prior to the termination
hereof. Acceptance by Landlord of rent after such termination shall not
constitute a renewal or extension of this Lease; and nothing contained in this
provision shall be deemed to waive Landlord's right of re-entry or any other
right hereunder or at law. Tenant shall indemnify, defend and hold Landlord
harmless from and against all Claims arising or resulting directly or indirectly
from Tenant's failure to timely surrender the Premises, including (i) any rent
payable by or any loss, cost, or damages claimed by any prospective tenant of
the Premises, and (ii) Landlord's damages as a result of such prospective tenant
rescinding or refusing to enter into the prospective lease of the Premises by
reason of such failure to timely surrender the Premises.
20. ENCUMBRANCES.
20.1 Subordination. This Lease is expressly made subject and
-------------
subordinate to any mortgage, deed of trust, ground lease, underlying lease or
like encumbrance affecting any part of the Property or any interest of Landlord
therein which is now existing or hereafter executed or recorded ("Encumbrance");
provided, however, that such subordination shall only be effective, as to future
Encumbrances, if the holder of the Encumbrance agrees that this Lease shall
survive the termination of the Encumbrance by lapse of time, foreclosure or
otherwise and such holder agrees
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to recognize the rights of Tenant under the Lease, all so long as Tenant is not
in default under this Lease. Provided the conditions of the preceding sentence
are satisfied, Tenant shall execute and deliver to Landlord, within ten (10)
days after written request therefor by Landlord and in a form reasonably
requested by Landlord, any additional documents evidencing the subordination of
this Lease with respect to any such Encumbrance and the nondisturbance agreement
of the holder of any such Encumbrance. If the interest of Landlord in the
Property is transferred pursuant to or in lieu of proceedings for enforcement of
any Encumbrance, Tenant shall immediately and automatically attorn to the new
owner, and this Lease shall continue in full force and effect as a direct lease
between the transferee and Tenant on the terms and conditions set forth in this
Lease. Landlord agrees to use reasonable good faith efforts to obtain within 60
days after execution of this Lease, a Subordination, Attornment and Non-
Disturbance Agreement (the "SNDA") from the holder of any Encumbrance existing
at the date of this Lease pursuant to the provisions contained above; provided,
Landlord's failure to obtain an SNDA shall not affect the validity of this
Lease. Tenant shall be responsible for all costs and fees charged by any holder
of an Encumbrance to prepare or negotiate an SNDA.
20.2 Mortgagee Protection. Tenant agrees to give any holder of any
--------------------
Encumbrance covering any part of the Property ("Mortgagee"), by registered mail,
a copy of any notice of default served upon Landlord, provided that prior to
such notice Tenant has been notified in writing (by way of notice of assignment
of rents and leases, or otherwise) of the address of such Mortgagee. If
Landlord shall have failed to cure such default within thirty (30) days from the
effective date of such notice of default, then the Mortgagee shall have an
additional thirty (30) days within which to cure such default or if such default
cannot be cured within that time, then such additional time as may be necessary
to cure such default (including the time necessary to foreclose or otherwise
terminate its Encumbrance, if necessary to effect such cure), and this Lease
shall not be terminated so long as such remedies are being diligently pursued.
21. ESTOPPEL CERTIFICATES AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
21.1 Estoppel Certificates. Within ten (10) days after written
---------------------
request therefor, Tenant shall execute and deliver to Landlord, in a form
provided by or satisfactory to Landlord, a certificate stating whether or not
this Lease is in full force and effect, describing any amendments or
modifications hereto, acknowledging that this Lease is subordinate or prior, as
the case may be, to any Encumbrance and stating any other information Landlord
may reasonably request to the extent Tenant in good faith believes to be true to
the best of its knowledge, including the Term, the monthly Base Rent, the date
to which Rent has been paid, the amount of any security deposit or prepaid rent,
whether either party hereto is in default under the terms of the Lease, and
whether Landlord has completed its construction obligations hereunder (if any).
If Tenant fails timely to execute and deliver such certificate as provided
above, then Landlord and the addressee of such certificate shall be entitled to
rely upon the information contained in the certificate submitted to Tenant as
true, correct and complete, and Tenant shall be estopped from later denying,
contradicting or taking any position inconsistent with the information contained
in such certificate. Any person or entity purchasing, acquiring an interest in
or extending financing with respect to the Property shall be entitled to rely
upon any such certificate. If Tenant fails to deliver such certificate within
ten (10) days after Landlord's second written request therefor, Tenant shall be
liable to Landlord for any damages incurred by Landlord including any profits or
other benefits from any
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financing of the Property or any interest therein which are lost or made
unavailable as a result, directly or indirectly, of Tenant's failure or refusal
to timely execute or deliver such estoppel certificate.
21.2 Financial Statements. Within ten (10) days after written request
--------------------
therefor, but not more than once a year, Tenant shall deliver to Landlord a copy
of the financial statements (including at least a year end balance sheet and a
statement of profit and loss) of Tenant for each of the three most recently
completed years, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles (and, if such is Tenant's normal practice, audited by an independent
certified public accountant), all then available subsequent interim statements,
and such other financial information as may reasonably be requested by Landlord
or required by any Mortgagee. To the extent such financial information is not
publicly available, Landlord shall not disclose details of such financial
statements except (x) pursuant to court proceedings, and (y) to Landlord's (a)
directors, (b) shareholders, (c) officers, (d) those employees of Landlord and
of Landlord's agents who have a need to know, (e) accountants, (f) auditors, (g)
lenders and/or Mortgagee, (h) purchasers, (i) potential lenders and/or
Mortgagees and purchasers, and (j) attorneys. Landlord shall use all reasonable
efforts to prevent such persons or employees of such entities from disclosing
details of Tenant's financial statements.
22. NOTICES. Any notice, demand, request, consent or approval that either
party desires or is required to give to the other party under this Lease shall
be in writing and shall be served personally, delivered by messenger or courier
service, or sent by U.S. certified mail, return receipt requested, postage
prepaid, addressed to the other party at the party's address for notices set
forth in the Basic Lease Information. Any notice required pursuant to any Laws
may be incorporated into, given concurrently with or given separately from any
notice required under this Lease. Notices shall be deemed to have been given
and be effective on the earlier of (a) receipt (or refusal of delivery or
receipt); or (b) one (1) day after acceptance by the independent service for
delivery, if sent by independent messenger or courier service, or three (3)
days after mailing if sent by mail in accordance with this Section. Either
party may change its address for notices hereunder, effective fifteen (15) days
after notice to the other party complying with this Section. If Tenant sublets
the Premises, notices from Landlord shall be effective on the subtenant when
given to Tenant pursuant to this Section.
23. ATTORNEYS' FEES. In the event of any dispute between Landlord and
Tenant in any way related to this Lease, the non-prevailing party shall pay to
the prevailing party all reasonable attorneys' fees and costs and expenses of
any type incurred by the prevailing party in connection with any action or
proceeding (including any appeal and the enforcement of any judgment or award),
whether or not the dispute is litigated or prosecuted to final judgment. The
"prevailing party" shall be determined based upon an assessment of which party's
major arguments or positions taken in the action or proceeding could fairly be
said to have prevailed (whether by compromise, settlement, abandonment by the
other party of its claim or defense, final decision, after any appeals, or
otherwise) over the other party's major arguments or positions on major disputed
issues.
24. QUIET POSSESSION. Subject to Tenant's full and timely performance of all
of Tenant's obligations under this Lease and subject to the terms of this Lease,
including Section 20 -
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Encumbrances, Tenant shall have the quiet possession of the Premises throughout
the Term as against any persons or entities lawfully claiming by, through or
under Landlord.
25. SECURITY MEASURES. Tenant shall be responsible for all security measures
for the Premises, such as the registration or search of all persons entering or
leaving the Building, requiring identification for access to the Building,
evacuation of the Building for cause, suspected cause, or for drill purposes,
the issuance of magnetic pass cards or keys for Building to prevent any threat
of property loss or damage, bodily injury or business interruption. Landlord
shall have no security responsibility for the Premises or the Project.
Landlord, its agents and employees shall have no liability to Tenant for the
implementation or exercise of, or the failure to implement or exercise, any
security measures for the Premises or the Project, or for any resulting
disturbance of Tenant's use or enjoyment of the Premises.
26. FORCE MAJEURE. If either Landlord or Tenant is delayed, interrupted or
prevented from performing any of its obligations under this Lease (other than,
with respect to Tenant the payment of Base Rent, Additional Rent or any other
charge payable by Tenant to Landlord under this Lease), including Landlord's
obligations under the Construction Rider and such delay, interruption or
prevention is due to fire, act of God, governmental act or failure to act, labor
dispute, unavailability of materials or any cause outside the reasonable control
of Landlord or Tenant, then the time for performance of the affected obligations
of Landlord or Tenant, as the case may be, shall be extended for a period
equivalent to the period of such delay, interruption or prevention. The
inability to pay money shall in no event constitute force majeure.
27. RULES AND REGULATIONS. Tenant shall be bound by and shall comply with
the rules and regulations attached to and made a part of this Lease as Exhibit C
---------
to the extent those rules and regulations are not in conflict with the terms of
this Lease, as well as any reasonable rules and regulations hereafter adopted by
Landlord for all tenants of the Building, upon notice to Tenant thereof
(collectively, the "Building Rules"). Landlord shall not be responsible to
Tenant or to any other person for any violation of, or failure to observe, the
Building Rules by any other tenant or other person.
28. LANDLORD'S LIABILITY'. The term "Landlord," as used in this Lease, shall
mean only the owner or owners of the Building at the time in question. In the
event of any conveyance of title to the Building, then from and after the date
of such conveyance, the transferor Landlord shall be relieved of all liability
with respect to Landlord's obligations to be performed under this Lease after
the date of such conveyance. Notwithstanding any other term or provision of
this Lease, the liability of Landlord for Landlord's breach of its obligations
under this Lease is limited solely to (a) Landlord's interest in the Property as
the same may from time to time be encumbered, (b) any Rent prepaid by Tenant to
Landlord, (c) proceeds received by Landlord from Landlord's all risk insurance
policy covering the Building following a fire or other casualty to the Premises
or the Building, if Landlord materially misappropriates such proceeds, and
either (i) such proceeds are not used for repair or restoration in accordance
with the provisions of Section 12 of this Lease, or (ii) this Lease is not
terminated in accordance with the provisions of Section 12 of this Lease, (d)
Awards received by Landlord from Condemnation, if Landlord materially
misappropriates such Award, and either (iii) the Award is not used for
restoration in accordance with the provisions of Section 13 of this Lease, or
(iv) this Lease is not terminated in accordance with the provisions of
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Section 13 of this Lease, and (e) subject to the provisions of Sections 4 and 36
of this Lease, Tenant's Security Deposit or letter of credit given by Tenant to
Landlord; and no personal liability shall at any time be asserted or enforceable
against any other assets of Landlord or against Landlord's partners or members
or its or their respective partners, shareholders, members, directors, officers
or managers on account of any of Landlord's obligations or actions under this
Lease.
29. CONSENTS AND APPROVALS.
29.1 Determination in Good Faith. Wherever the consent, approval,
---------------------------
judgment or determination of Landlord is required or permitted under this Lease,
Landlord may exercise its good faith business judgment in granting or
withholding such consent or approval or in making such judgment or determination
without reference to any extrinsic standard of reasonableness, unless the
specific provision contained in this Lease providing for such consent, approval,
judgment or determination specifies that Landlord's consent or approval is not
to be unreasonably withheld, or that such judgment or determination is to be
reasonable, or otherwise specifies the standards under which Landlord may
withhold its consent. If it is determined that Landlord failed to give its
consent where it was required to do so under this Lease, Tenant shall be
entitled to injunctive relief but shall not to be entitled to monetary damages
or to terminate this Lease for such failure. If (a) Tenant requests Landlord's
consent to a Transfer, (b) Landlord withholds consent, and (c) Tenant believes
that Landlord unreasonably withheld consent to a Transfer is in violation of the
provisions of Section 14 of this Lease, then Tenant shall be entitled to invoke
the arbitration provisions of the subsection 33 below to determine whether
Landlord unreasonably withheld consent to a Transfer, but Tenant shall not be
entitled to monetary damages.
29.2 No Liability Imposed on Landlord. The review and/or approval by
--------------------------------
Landlord of any item or matter to be reviewed or approved by Landlord under the
terms of this Lease or any Exhibits or Addenda hereto shall not impose upon
Landlord any liability for the accuracy or sufficiency of any such item or
matter or the quality or suitability of such item for its intended use. Any
such review or approval is for the sole purpose of protecting Landlord's
interest in the Property, and no third parties, including Tenant or the
Representatives and Visitors of Tenant or any person or entity claiming by,
through or under Tenant, shall have any rights as a consequence thereof.
30. BROKERS. Landlord shall pay the fee or commission of the broker or
brokers identified in the Basic Lease Information (the "Broker") in accordance
with Landlord's separate written agreement with the Broker, if any. Tenant
warrants and represents to Landlord that in the negotiating or making of this
Lease neither Tenant nor anyone acting on Tenant's behalf has dealt with any
broker or finder who might be entitled to a fee or commission for this Lease
other than the Broker. Tenant shall indemnify and hold Landlord harmless from
any claim or claims, including costs, expenses and attorney's fees incurred by
Landlord asserted by any other broker or finder for a fee or commission based
upon any dealings with or statements made by Tenant or Tenant's Representatives.
31. RELOCATION OF PREMISES. [Intentionally deleted].
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32. ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Lease, including the Exhibits and any Addenda
attached hereto, and the documents referred to herein, if any, constitute the
entire agreement between Landlord and Tenant with respect to the leasing of
space by Tenant in the Building, and supersede all prior or contemporaneous
agreements, understandings, proposals and other representations by or between
Landlord and Tenant, whether written or oral, all of which are merged herein.
Neither Landlord nor Landlord's agents have made any representations or
warranties with respect to the Premises, the Building, the Project or this Lease
except as expressly set forth herein, and no rights, easements or licenses shall
be acquired by Tenant by implication or otherwise unless expressly set forth
herein. The submission of this Lease for examination does not constitute an
option for the Premises and this Lease shall become effective as a binding
agreement only upon execution and delivery thereof by Landlord to Tenant.
33. ARBITRATION OF SELECTED DISPUTES.
33.1. Disputes Subject to Arbitration. If any dispute between
-------------------------------
Landlord and Tenant as to whether Landlord has unreasonably withheld consent
under Subsection 6.1 Alterations, Subsections 14.1 and 14.2 Consent to
Assignment, Exhibit B, or Exhibit C of this Lease arises, and such dispute is
not resolved by the parties within ten (10) days after either party gives
written notice ("Arbitration Notice") to the other of its desire to arbitrate
such dispute, the dispute shall be resolved solely by arbitration in accordance
with the provisions of Section 33.2. Landlord and Tenant agree to cooperate in
expediting the Arbitration of any dispute subject to arbitration to achieve a
prompt resolution of the dispute. Any such arbitration shall be limited
exclusively to the matters described in the first sentence of this Section 33.1,
and nothing in this Section 33 shall be construed to require Landlord to submit
any other dispute to arbitration or otherwise limit Landlord's substantive or
procedural remedies against Tenant. In no event shall any provision of this
Section 33 in any way limit or delay exercise of Landlord's rights to pursue an
action in unlawful detainer upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as
defined in Section 15.1 - "Events of Default").
33.2 Arbitration. Any dispute between the parties that is to be
-----------
resolved by arbitration as provided in Subsection 33.1 shall be settled and
decided by arbitration conducted by the American Arbitration Association in
accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration
Association, as then in effect, except as provided below. Any such arbitration
shall be held and conducted in San Mateo, California before a single arbitrator
(or three (3) arbitrators) who shall be selected as provided in this Section
33.2. Landlord and Tenant shall endeavor in good faith to agree upon a single
arbitrator. If Landlord and Tenant have not agreed upon a single arbitrator
within fifteen (15) days after an Arbitration Notice is given, then each party
shall select one arbitrator and give the other party written notice of such
selection within twenty (20) days after the Arbitration Notice is given. Within
ten (10) days of their selection, the two (2) arbitrators so selected shall
mutually agree on the selection of a third (3rd) arbitrator. If either party
fails timely to give written notice of its selection, the arbitrator timely
selected and designated in writing by the other party shall be the sole
arbitrator.
The provisions of the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American
Arbitration Association shall apply and govern such arbitration, subject,
however, to the following:
-38-
<PAGE>
(a) Any demand for arbitration shall be made by giving an
Arbitration Notice and shall be made within a reasonable time after the
claim, dispute or other matter in question has arisen. In no event shall the
demand for arbitration be made after the date that institution of legal or
equitable proceedings based on such claim, dispute or other matter would be
barred by the applicable statute of limitations.
(b) Each arbitrator appointed shall be a former or retired judge
or attorney with at least seven (7) years' experience in real property and
commercial matters, or a nonattorney with like experience in the area of
dispute.
(c) At the request of either party (and at the expense of the
requesting party), proceedings involving the parties shall be reported by a
certified shorthand court reporter.
(d) The arbitrator (or arbitrators) shall prepare in writing and
provide to the parties factual findings and a statement of the reasons on
which the decisions of the arbitrator (or arbitrators) is based.
(e) Final decision by the arbitrator (or arbitrators) shall be
made within thirty (30) days from the date the arbitration proceedings are
initiated.
(f) The prevailing party shall be awarded reasonable attorneys'
fees, and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the
arbitration, and each party shall bear the costs and expenses of expert and
nonexpert witnesses called or presented by such party, unless for good cause
otherwise determined by the arbitrator (or arbitrators).
(g) Costs and fees of the arbitrator (or arbitrators) shall be
split evenly between Landlord and Tenant, unless for good cause otherwise
determined by the arbitrator (or arbitrators).
(h) The arbitrator (or arbitrators) shall have no power to: (i)
add to, modify, detract from, or alter in any way the provisions of this
Lease or any amendments or supplements to this Lease; (ii) make any award of
punitive or exemplary damages; or (iii) resolve any disputes that the parties
have not specifically agreed to arbitrate under this Lease or any amendments
or supplements thereto.
(i) The award of decision of the arbitrator (or arbitrators),
which may include equitable relief, shall be final and judgment may be
entered on it in accordance with applicable law in any court having
jurisdiction over the matter.
34. MISCELLANEOUS. This Lease may not be amended or modified except by a
writing signed by Landlord and Tenant. Subject to Section 14 - Assignment and
Subletting and Section 28 - Landlord's Liability, this Lease shall be binding on
and shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors,
assigns and legal representatives. The determination that any provisions hereof
may be void, invalid, illegal or unenforceable shall not impair any other
provisions hereof and all such other provisions of this Lease shall remain in
full force and effect. The unenforceability, invalidity or illegality of any
provision of this Lease under particular
-39-
<PAGE>
circumstances shall not render unenforceable, invalid or illegal other
provisions of this Lease, or the same provisions under other circumstances. This
Lease shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws (excluding
conflict of laws principles) of the State in which the Building is located. The
provisions of this Lease shall be construed in accordance with the fair meaning
of the language used and shall not be strictly construed against either party,
even if such party drafted the provision in question. When required by the
context of this Lease, the singular includes the plural. Wherever the term
"including" is used in this Lease, it shall be interpreted as meaning
"including, but not limited to" the matter or matters thereafter enumerated. The
captions contained in this Lease are for purposes of convenience only and are
not to be used to interpret or construe this Lease. If more than one person or
entity is identified as Tenant hereunder, the obligations of each and all of
them under this Lease shall be joint and several. Time is of the essence with
respect to this Lease, except as to the conditions relating to the delivery of
possession of the Premises to Tenant. Neither Landlord nor Tenant shall record
this Lease.
35. AUTHORITY. If Tenant is a corporation, partnership, limited liability
company or other form of business entity, each of the persons executing this
Lease on behalf of Tenant warrants and represents that Tenant is a duly
organized and validly existing entity, that Tenant has full right and authority
to enter into this Lease and that the persons signing on behalf of Tenant are
authorized to do so and have the power to bind Tenant to this Lease. Tenant
shall provide Landlord upon request with evidence reasonably satisfactory to
Landlord confirming the foregoing representations.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Landlord and Tenant have entered into this Lease as of
the date first above written.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
TENANT: LANDLORD:
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC
a Delaware corporation a California limited liability company
By: CORNERSTONE HOLDINGS, LLC,
By: ______________________________ a Delaware limited liability company
Name: Paul M. Cook Manager
Title: Chief Executive Officer
By:________________________
By: ______________________________ Name:
Name: William M. Scharninghausen Title:
Title: Chief Financial Officer
By:________________________
Name:
Title:
</TABLE>
-40-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A-1
-----------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
BUILDING 20
-----------
[Floor plan showing location
and configuration of Building 20
to be inserted.]
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-41-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A-2
-----------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
BUILDING 21
-----------
[Floor plan showing location
and configuration of Building 21
to be inserted.]
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-42-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A-3
-----------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
LOCATION OF DIESEL EQUIPMENT
----------------------------
[Floor plan showing location
and configuration of Diesel Equipment
to be inserted.]
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-43-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A-4
-----------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
LOCATION OF LOADING RAMP
------------------------
[Floor plan showing location
and configuration of Loading Ramp
to be inserted.]
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-44-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A-5
-----------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
LOCATION OF TRUCK PARKING STALL
-------------------------------
[Floor plan showing location
and configuration of Truck Parking Stall
to be inserted.]
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-45-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT B
---------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
CONSTRUCTION RIDER
------------------
1. Tenant Improvements. Tenant has inspected and examined the
-------------------
Premises and has elected to lease the Premises as provided in the Lease on a
strictly "AS IS" basis. Landlord shall have no obligation to perform any work
to prepare the Premises for use or occupancy by Tenant (subject to Landlord's
obligations with respect to the roof, the roof membrane, the MEP Systems and any
other matter contained in Section 7.1 of the Lease). Tenant shall enter into a
construction contract with Commercial Interior Contractors ("CIC") to construct
and install in the Premises the improvements and fixtures provided for in this
Construction Rider ("Tenant Improvements") using the customary AIA form, or such
other form as are approved by Tenant and CIC, with such modifications as are
reasonably acceptable to Tenant and to CIC. Tenant acknowledges and agrees that
CIC is an affiliate of Landlord. Upon request by Landlord, Tenant shall
designate in writing an individual authorized to act as Tenant's Representative
with respect to all approvals, directions and authorizations pursuant to this
Construction Rider. CIC will construct the Tenant Improvements at competitive
prices, with a fee not to exceed the market rate for other similar sized and
type of construction contracts in the San Mateo County, California area. CIC
will competitively bid subcontracts, using at least three (3) subcontractors for
each proposed subcontract. Other than the fees charged by CIC in accordance
with the provisions of the contract between Tenant and CIC, Landlord shall not
charge any supervision or management fee in connection with the Tenant
Improvements. Notwithstanding anything contained herein, if Tenant terminates
its contract with CIC based upon a material default by CIC thereunder, then (a)
Tenant shall be entitled to hire any general contractor of its choice, subject
to Landlord's prior approval, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld,
and (b) all references in this Construction Rider to "CIC" which follow shall
instead refer to the replacement general contractor engaged by Tenant to
construct the Tenant Improvements.
1.1. Plans. Tenant has retained Gensler & Associates ("Space
-----
Planner"), to prepare a space plan ("Space Plan") for the Premises. Tenant
agrees to cause the Space Planner to diligently proceed to prepare the Space
Plan and submit the Space Plan to Landlord and Tenant for approval on or before
January 13, 1999. Within three (3) Business Days after receipt of Tenant's
Space Plan, Landlord shall either (i) approve Tenant's Space Plan, which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, or (ii) notify Tenant in writing of
specific requests for changes and corrections as may be necessary to receive
approval from Landlord. If Landlord has requested changes or corrections,
Tenant shall revise the proposed Space Plan accordingly and
-46-
<PAGE>
deliver Tenant's revised Space Plan to Landlord within five (5) Business Days
after receipt of Landlord's request. Within three (3) Business Days after
receipt of Tenant's revised Space Plan, Landlord shall either approve the
revised Space Plan or specify needed changes or corrections as described above
(and the process shall continue as needed to obtain Landlord's approval) which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. As of January 18, 1999 Landlord has
approved the Space Plan.
Within thirty (30) Business Days after Landlord and Tenant have
approved the Space Plan, the Space Planner will prepare and deliver to Landlord
and Tenant detailed plans and specifications sufficient to permit the
construction of the Tenant Improvements by CIC ("Construction Documents").
Tenant will cause CIC to provide Landlord and Tenant with a cost estimate for
the work shown in the Construction Documents. Landlord and Tenant shall respond
to the Construction Documents and cost estimate within five (5) Business Days
after receipt thereof, specifying any changes or modifications Landlord and
Tenant desire in the Construction Documents. The Space Planner will then revise
the Construction Documents and resubmit them to Landlord and Tenant for their
approval (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld) and Tenant will
cause CIC to provide Landlord and Tenant with a revised cost estimate. Landlord
and Tenant shall approve or disapprove the same within three (3) Business Days
after receipt which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. To the extent
that revisions to the Construction Documents or the cost estimate are not
approved by Landlord and Tenant, Tenant shall continue to cause revisions to be
made and resubmitted for approval until final approval is achieved. The revised
Construction Documents and cost estimate, as approved by Tenant and Landlord,
are hereinafter referred to as the "Final Construction Documents" and "Final
Cost Estimate," respectively.
If Landlord fails to give its written response to the foregoing items (Space
Plans, Construction Documents) within the time specified hereinabove, then each
day of delay beyond the time specified hereinabove for Landlord's response shall
be one (1) day of "Landlord Delay." The Commencement Date shall be extended day
for day for each day of Landlord Delay, so that the Commencement Date shall be
the earlier of (a) June 1, 1999, as extended day for day for each day of
Landlord Delay; or (b) the date upon which Tenant actually occupies and conducts
business in any portion of the Premises. In addition, if the governmental
agency required to issue a building permit for the Tenant Improvements takes
longer than six (6) weeks to issue a building permit for the Construction
Documents after the Construction Documents are first submitted to such
governmental agency, then for each day of delay beyond six (6) weeks for the
governmental agency to issue a building permit shall be one-half (1/2) day of
"Permit Delay." The Commencement Date shall be extended by one-half (1/2) day
for each day of Permit Delay, so that the Commencement Date shall be the earlier
of June 1, 1999, as extended one-half (1/2) day for each day of Permit Delay; or
(b) the date upon which Tenant actually occupies and conducts business in any
portion of the Premises.
1.2. Construction. Upon approval by Landlord and Tenant of the
------------
Final Construction Documents and the Final Cost Estimate, Tenant shall use
reasonable efforts to cause CIC to Substantially Complete the Tenant
Improvements in Building 20 on or prior to the Building 20 Commencement Date,
and the Tenant Improvements in Building 21 on or prior to
-47-
<PAGE>
the Building 21 Commencement Date (or, in each case, as near as possible to such
date as is practicable, using reasonable efforts). The Tenant Improvements shall
be deemed to be "Substantially Complete" when they have been completed in
accordance with the Final Construction Documents except for finishing details,
minor omissions, decorations and mechanical adjustments of the type normally
found on an architectural "punch list". (The definition of Substantially
Complete shall also define the terms "Substantial Completion" and "Substantially
Completed.")
Following Substantial Completion of the Tenant Improvements (or as soon
thereafter as may be reasonably practicable and in any event within 30 days
after Substantial Completion), Landlord, CIC and Tenant shall inspect the
applicable portion of the Premises and jointly prepare a "punch list" of agreed
items of construction remaining to be completed. CIC shall complete the items
set forth in the punch list as soon as reasonably possible.
1.3. Cost of Tenant Improvements. Landlord shall contribute (the
---------------------------
"Allowance") up to $15.00 per rentable square foot in the Premises toward the
cost of the design (including preparation of space plans and Construction
Documents), construction and installation of the Tenant Improvements in each of
the Buildings. Tenant may construct Tenant Improvements in the two (2) Buildings
at separate times. The Allowance for each Building shall not be used for the
costs of Tenant Improvements in the other Building. In no event shall Landlord
be obligated to pay any portion of the Allowance for (i) any Tenant Improvements
not completed by March 31, 2000, or (ii) for any request Landlord receives from
Tenant after April 30, 2000 for payment of the Allowance. Landlord shall also
contribute (the "Additional Allowance") up to One Hundred Forty Thousand Dollars
($140,000) toward the design and construction of Tenant's loading dock, truck
parking stall and a ramp to comply with ADA at the exterior of Building 20. In
no event shall the Allowance or the Additional Allowance be used for cost of
furniture, fixtures, cabling and telecommunication. The balance, if any, of the
cost of the Tenant Improvements ("Additional Cost"), including, but not limited
to, usual markups for overhead, supervision and profit, shall be paid by Tenant.
As construction of Tenant Improvements progresses, within ten (10) Business Days
after Landlord receives from Tenant each request for payment (each request being
a "Construction Draw"), which request shall be accompanied by "Supporting
Information," Landlord shall disburse portions of the Allowance and the
Additional Allowance to Tenant based upon an invoice from CIC for work completed
in construction of Tenant Improvements; provided, however, Landlord shall not be
obligated to disburse portions of the Allowance and the Additional Allowance
more often than once per month. The "Supporting Information" shall include (a)
an invoice from CIC based upon work then completed, less (i) previous
disbursements and (ii) retainage of ten percent (10%), (b) a cost breakdown of
the work completed by trade or category, with the amount of previous
disbursements by trade or category, (c) conditional and unconditional lien
releases from CIC and the applicable subcontractors and suppliers (or, in lieu
of such lien release, a statutory lien release bond, or other security or
monetary assurances financially equivalent to a statutory lien release bond
reasonably satisfactory to Landlord, providing Landlord with appropriate and
adequate protection against any mechanics liens claims that may be made by a
subcontractor or supplier not providing an appropriate lien release), and (d)
any other information reasonably requested by Landlord's lender which is funding
construction costs of the Property. In no event shall
-48-
<PAGE>
Landlord be obligated to contribute more than the Allowance and the Additional
Allowance toward all the costs of the Tenant Improvements and any permits and
inspections required in connection with the construction thereof. If Landlord
does not pay to Tenant a Construction Draw within ten (10) Business Days after
Landlord receives a Construction Draw with all the applicable Supporting
Information, then Landlord shall pay interest on the unpaid portion of the
Construction Draw at the Interest Rate commencing ten (10) Business Days after
Landlord receives such Construction Draw until such Construction Draw is paid in
full.
1.4. Changes. If Tenant requests any change, addition or
-------
alteration in or to any Final Construction Documents ("Changes") Tenant shall
cause the Space Planner to prepare additional Plans implementing such Change.
Tenant shall pay the cost of preparing additional Plans. As soon as practicable
after the completion of such additional Construction Documents, CIC shall notify
Landlord and Tenant of the estimated cost of the Changes. Within three (3)
Business Days after receipt of such cost estimate, Landlord and Tenant shall
notify the other party in writing whether each party approves the Change (which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld). If Landlord and Tenant approve the
Change, CIC shall proceed with the Change and Tenant shall be liable for any
Additional Cost resulting from the Change.
1.5. Delays. [Intentionally deleted].
------
2. Delivery of Premises. Upon complete execution of this Lease,
--------------------
Landlord shall deliver possession of the Premises to Tenant.
3. Access to Premises. Landlord shall allow Tenant and Tenant's
------------------
Representatives to enter the Premises upon complete execution of this Lease to
permit Tenant to construct Tenant Improvements; provided, however, that prior to
such entry of the applicable portion of the Premises, Tenant shall provide
evidence reasonably satisfactory to Landlord that Tenant's insurance, as
described in Section 11.1 - Tenant's Insurance of the Lease, shall be in effect
as of the time of such entry.
Tenant agrees that Landlord shall not be liable in any way for any injury,
loss or damage which may occur to any of Tenant's property placed upon or
installed in the Premises prior to the applicable Commencement Date, the same
being at Tenant's sole risk, and Tenant shall be liable for all injury, loss or
damage to persons or property arising as a result of such entry into the
Premises by Tenant or its Representatives.
4. Ownership of Tenant Improvements. All Tenant Improvements, whether
--------------------------------
installed by Landlord or Tenant, shall become a part of the Premises, shall be
the property of Landlord and, subject to the provisions of the Lease, shall be
surrendered by Tenant with the Premises, without any compensation to Tenant, at
the expiration or termination of the Lease in accordance with the provisions of
the Lease; provided, however, that with respect to any Tenant Improvements
installed by Tenant with Tenant's funds (but not financed with the Allowance or
the Additional Allowance), such Tenant financed Tenant Improvements (i) shall be
the property of Tenant during the Lease Term, but Tenant shall not be entitled
to remove such improvements, (ii) such Tenant Improvements shall become the
property of Landlord upon the expiration or
-49-
<PAGE>
earlier termination of the Lease Term without any obligation on the part of
Landlord to pay Tenant any compensation for such Tenant Improvements; and (iii)
Tenant shall have the right to claim any tax deductions for amortization or
depreciation associated with such Tenant Improvements installed by it.
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-50-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT C
---------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
BUILDING RULES
--------------
The following Building Rules are additional provisions of the foregoing
Lease to which they are attached. The capitalized terms used herein have the
same meanings as these terms are given in the Lease.
1. Use of Common Areas. Tenant will not obstruct the common areas outside
-------------------
of the Building ("Common Areas"), and Tenant will not use the Common Areas for
any purpose other than ingress and egress to and from the Premises; provided,
however, Tenant shall have the right to place outdoor furniture in the location
identified on Exhibit A as "Tenant's Outdoor Seating" for the exclusive use of
Tenant, Tenant's employees and customers, provided that (a) Landlord shall not
be responsible to monitor or enforce Tenant's exclusive use of Tenant's Outdoor
Seating, and (b) Tenant shall, at Tenant's cost and expense, maintain Tenant's
Outdoor Seating, including removing each day all trash and debris associated
therewith. The Common Areas, except for the sidewalks, are not open to the
general public and Landlord reserves the right to control and prevent access to
the Common Areas of any person whose presence, in Landlord's opinion, would be
prejudicial to the safety, reputation and interests of the Building and its
tenants.
2. No Access to Roof. Tenant has no right of access to the roof of the
-----------------
Building and will not install, repair or replace any antenna, aerial, aerial
wires, fan, air-conditioner or other device on the roof of the Building, without
the prior written consent of Landlord. Any such device installed without such
written consent is subject to removal at Tenant's expense without notice at any
time. In any event Tenant will be liable for any damages or repairs incurred or
required as a result of its installation, use, repair, maintenance or removal of
such devices on the roof and agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Landlord from
any liability, loss, damage, cost or expense, including reasonable attorneys'
fees, arising from any activities of Tenant or of Tenant's Representatives on
the roof of the Building. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Landlord hereby
consents to entry by (a) Tenant's HVAC contractor onto the roof for service of
the HVAC units, and (b) Tenant and its contractors for the performance of any
maintenance or repair which is Tenant's obligation under this Lease and where
access to the roof is reasonably required to perform such obligation, including
maintenance of the satellite equipment, subject to reasonable rules and
regulations of Landlord, and provided that Tenant and any such contractor shall
be responsible for any damage Tenant or such contractor causes to the roof.
-51-
<PAGE>
3. Signage. Tenant shall have the right, at Tenant's sole cost and
-------
expense, to install a sign upon a monument to be located near the entrance to
one of the Buildings, subject to Landlord's reasonable approval, and subject to
ordinances, regulations and any approval from the City of Redwood City. Landlord
shall, at Landlord's sole cost and expense, construct a monument near the
entrance to one of the Buildings, subject to approval of the City of Redwood
City. Upon Tenant's written request Landlord shall construct a second monument,
at Tenant's sole cost and expense, near the entrance of the Building at which
the first monument is not located, subject to ordinances, regulations and any
approval from the City of Redwood City. Such second monument shall be consistent
with the first monument. Tenant shall reimburse Landlord the costs of any second
monument with thirty (30) days after the date Landlord invoices Tenant the costs
therefor. Tenant shall have the right, at Tenant's sole cost and expense, to
install a sign upon any such second monument, subject to Landlord's reasonable
approval, and subject to ordinances, regulations and any approval from the City
of Redwood City. No sign, placard, picture, name, advertisement or notice
visible from the exterior of the Premises will be inscribed, painted, affixed or
otherwise displayed by Tenant on or in any part of the Building without the
prior written consent of Landlord. Landlord reserves the right to adopt and
furnish Tenant with general guidelines relating to signs in or on the Building.
All approved signage will be inscribed, painted or affixed at Tenant's expense
by a person approved by Landlord, which approval will not be unreasonably
withheld.
4. Prohibited Uses. The Premises will not be used for manufacturing, for
---------------
the storage of merchandise held for sale to the general public, for lodging or
for the sale of goods to the general public. Tenant may store set-top boxes in
the Premises for sale to the general public so long as delivery to the purchaser
is by shipping from the Premises, and the purchaser does not take physical
delivery at the Premises. Tenant will be permitted to have a cafeteria not to
exceed 5,000 contiguous rentable square feet in the Premises for preparation,
serving and consumption of food by Tenant's employees and customers, so long as
all equipment used in connection therewith has been approved by Underwriters'
Laboratory (if applicable to such equipment) and so long as such use is in
accordance with all applicable federal, state and city laws, codes, ordinances,
rules and regulations.
5. Janitorial Services. Tenant will be responsible, at Tenant's expense,
-------------------
to keep the Premises clean, including periodic janitorial service. Tenant enter
into an agreement with a janitorial service to clean the Premises, which
contract and janitorial company shall be subject to Landlord's prior written
consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
6. Keys and Locks. Tenant will be responsible to install locks to doors
--------------
and enclosures at the Premises. Tenant will provide Landlord with a key (or
access card) for each such lock. On the termination of the Lease, Tenant will
deliver to Landlord all keys (and access cards) to any locks or doors in the
Premises.
7. Freight. Landlord reserves the right to reasonably prescribe the
-------
weight, size and position of all equipment, materials, furniture or other
property brought into the Building.
-52-
<PAGE>
Landlord will not be responsible for loss of or damage to any such property from
any cause, and Tenant will be liable for all damage or injuries caused by moving
or maintaining such property.
8. Nuisances and Dangerous Substances. Tenant will not conduct itself or
----------------------------------
permit Tenant's Representatives or Visitors to conduct themselves, in the
Premises or anywhere on or in the Property in a manner which is unreasonably
offensive or annoying to any other tenant or Landlord's property managers.
Tenant will not install or operate any phonograph, radio receiver, musical
instrument, or television or other similar device in any part of the Common
Areas and shall not operate any such device installed in the Premises in such
manner as to disturb or annoy other tenants of the Project. Tenant will not use
or keep in the Premises or the Property any kerosene, gasoline or other
combustible fluid or material other than limited quantities thereof reasonably
necessary for the maintenance of office equipment, or, without Landlord's prior
written approval, use any method of heating or air conditioning other than that
supplied by Landlord. Tenant will not use or keep any foul or noxious gas or
substance in the Premises or permit or suffer the Premises to be occupied or
used in a manner unreasonably offensive or objectionable to Landlord or other
occupants of the Project by reason of noise, odors or vibrations, or
unreasonably interfere in any way with other tenants or those having business
therein.
9. Building Name and Address. Without Landlord's prior written consent,
-------------------------
Tenant will not use the name of the Building in connection with or in promoting
or advertising Tenant's business except as Tenant's address.
10. Building Directory. [Intentionally deleted].
------------------
11. Window Coverings. No curtains, draperies, blinds, shutters, shades,
----------------
awnings, screens or other coverings, window ventilators, hangings, decorations
or similar equipment shall be attached to, hung or placed in, or used in or with
any window of the Building without the prior written consent of Landlord, which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, and Landlord shall have the right to
reasonably control all lighting within the Premises that may be visible from the
exterior of the Premises.
12. Floor Coverings. Tenant will be liable for the cost of repair of any
---------------
damage resulting from the removal of any floor covering by Tenant or its
contractors, employees or invitees.
13. Wiring and Cabling Installations. No boring or cutting through
--------------------------------
structural or load-bearing portions of the Premises for wires or cables will be
allowed without the prior written consent of Landlord, which consent shall not
be unreasonably withheld so long as such boring or cutting does not affect the
structural integrity of the Building, and Tenant complies with any requirements
of Landlord's independent structural engineer. At the expiration or termination
of this Lease Tenant shall restore all other portions of the Premises having a
detrimental affect from any other boring or cutting for wires or cables done by,
or at the request of, Tenant.
14. Office Closing Procedures. [Intentionally deleted].
-------------------------
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15. Plumbing Facilities. The toilet rooms, toilets, urinals, wash bowls
-------------------
and other apparatus shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which
they were constructed and no foreign substance of any kind whatsoever shall be
disposed of therein. Tenant will be liable for any breakage, stoppage or damage
resulting from the violation of this rule by Tenant, its employees or invitees.
16. Use of Hand Trucks. [Intentionally deleted].
------------------
17. Refuse. Tenant shall store all Tenant's trash and garbage within the
------
Premises or in other facilities designated by Landlord for such purpose. Tenant
shall not place in any trash box or receptacle any material which cannot be
disposed of in the ordinary and customary manner of removing and disposing of
trash and garbage in the city in which the Building is located without being in
violation of any law or ordinance governing such disposal. All trash and
garbage removal shall be made in accordance with directions issued from time to
time by Landlord. Tenant shall be responsible for removing trash from the
Premises. Tenant shall comply with the requirements of any recycling program
adopted by Landlord for the Building.
18. Soliciting. [Intentionally deleted].
----------
19. Parking. Tenant will use, and cause Tenant's Representatives and
-------
Visitors to use, any parking spaces to which Tenant is entitled under the Lease
in a manner consistent with Landlord's directional signs and markings in the
Parking Facility. Specifically, but without limitation, Tenant will not park,
or permit Tenant's Representatives or Visitors to park, in a manner that impedes
access to and from the Building or the Parking Facility or that violates space
reservations for handicapped drivers registered as such with the California
Department of Motor Vehicles. Landlord may use such reasonable means as may be
necessary to enforce the directional signs and markings in the Parking Facility,
including but not limited to towing services, and Landlord will not be liable
for any damage to vehicles towed as a result of non-compliance with such parking
regulations except to the extent caused by Landlord's gross negligence or
willful misconduct. In the event of any conflict between this paragraph 19 and
the provisions of Paragraph 37 entitled "Parking" contained in Exhibit D, the
latter shall control
20. Fire, Security and Safety Regulations. Tenant will comply with all
-------------------------------------
safety, security, fire protection and evacuation measures and procedures
established by Landlord or any governmental agency.
21. Responsibility for Theft. Tenant assumes any and all responsibility
------------------------
for protecting the Premises from theft, robbery and pilferage, which includes
keeping doors locked and other means of entry to the Premises closed.
22. Sales and Auctions. Tenant will not conduct or permit to be conducted
------------------
any sale by auction in, upon or from the Premises or elsewhere in the Property,
whether said auction be voluntary, involuntary, pursuant to any assignment for
the payment of creditors or pursuant to any bankruptcy or other insolvency
proceeding.
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23. Waiver of Rules. Landlord may waive any one or more of these Building
---------------
Rules for the benefit of any particular tenant or tenants, but no such waiver by
Landlord will be construed as a waiver of such Building Rules in favor of any
other tenant or tenants nor prevent Landlord from thereafter enforcing these
Building Rules against any or all of the tenants of the Building.
24. Effect on Lease. These Building Rules are in addition to, and shall
---------------
not be construed to in any way modify or amend, in whole or in part, the terms,
covenants, agreements and conditions of the Lease. In the event of any conflict
or inconsistency between these Building Rules and the provisions of the Lease,
the provisions of the Lease shall control. Violation of these Building Rules
constitutes a failure to fully perform the provisions of the Lease, as referred
to in Section 15.1 - "Events of Default".
25. Non-Discriminatory Enforcement. Subject to the provisions of the Lease
------------------------------
(and the provisions of other leases with respect to other tenants), Landlord
shall use reasonable efforts to enforce these Building Rules in a non-
discriminatory manner, but in no event shall Landlord have any liability for any
failure or refusal to do so (and Tenant's sole and exclusive remedy for any such
failure or refusal shall be injunctive relief preventing Landlord from enforcing
any of the Building Rules against Tenant in a manner that discriminates against
Tenant).
26. Additional and Amended Rules. Landlord reserves the right to rescind
----------------------------
or amend these Building Rules and/or adopt any other and reasonable non-
discriminatory rules and regulations as in its judgment may from time to time be
needed for the safety, care and cleanliness of the Project and for the
preservation of good order therein, to the extent that such additional rules and
regulations are not inconsistent with the limitations set forth in these
approved Rules or with the provisions of the Lease.
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
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EXHIBIT D
---------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS RIDER
---------------------------
36. LETTER OF CREDIT.
----------------
(a) Upon the Building 20 Commencement Date, Tenant shall deliver to
Landlord an unconditional, irrevocable, transferable and negotiable standby
letter of credit (the "L/C") in an amount equal to $1,000,000.00 ("Face
Amount"), issued by a bank or trust company ("Issuer") and in form and content
acceptable to Landlord, in its sole and absolute discretion, as additional
security for the performance of Tenant's obligations under this Lease. Landlord
hereby approves Wells Fargo Bank, San Francisco, California as the Issuer.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Tenant elects to use as Issuer other than
Wells Fargo Bank, Landlord shall not unreasonably withhold consent to any other
bank as the Issuer of the L/C so long as the Issuer is a national money center
bank which has a branch in San Francisco, California and the Issuer has
shareholders' equity of at least $1,000,000,000. An L/C in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit F is hereby approved by Landlord. The L/C shall name Landlord
---------
as beneficiary thereunder and provide that draws, including partial draws, at
Landlord's election, will be honored upon the delivery to the Issuer of a
certificate signed by Landlord, or its authorized agent, that Tenant has failed
to perform its obligations under the Lease. The L/C shall also provide that it
will be automatically extended upon each renewal date unless the Issuer thereof
delivers to Landlord, no later than forty-five (45) days prior to the stated
expiration date of the L/C, written notice of Issuer's intent not to extend or
renew the L/C. During any period that Tenant is required to maintain the L/C,
Tenant shall, at least thirty (30) days prior to any expiration or termination
of the L/C, provide Landlord either with written confirmation that the existing
L/C will be automatically extended and renewed or with a new L/C that satisfies
all of the requirements for the L/C in this Section 36. In addition, upon a
proposed sale or other transfer of any interest in the Building, the Land, this
Lease or Landlord (including consolidations, mergers, or other entity changes),
Tenant, upon ten (10) Business Days' notice, shall, concurrent with Landlord's
delivery to Tenant of the then outstanding L/C, deliver to any such transferees,
successors, or assigns a replacement L/C on identical terms (except for the
stated beneficiary) from the same Issuer or another bank or trust company
acceptable to Landlord, in Landlord's sole discretion, subject to the criteria
for the Issuer contained hereinabove, naming the new landlord as the beneficiary
thereof. Landlord shall be responsible for all fees charged by the
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Issuer to transfer the L/C to the new entity resulting from any such sale or
other transfer of any interest in the Building, the Land, this Lease or
Landlord.
Tenant's failure to perform or observe any of the covenants set forth in this
Section 36 for any reason shall entitle Landlord to draw on the full amount of
the L/C and shall not constitute an Event of Default under this Lease (provided,
however, that Tenant's failure to deliver to Landlord the L/C upon the Building
20 Commencement Date shall constitute an Event of Default without the
requirement of any notice from Landlord). Any amount(s) drawn under the L/C
shall be held or used by Landlord in accordance with the terms of Section 4 of
the Lease. If Landlord draws on the L/C, then upon Tenant curing the covenant
which entitled Landlord to draw on the L/C, Tenant shall have the right, upon
ten (10) days prior written notice to Landlord, to obtain a refund from Landlord
of any unapplied proceeds of the L/C which Landlord has drawn upon, any such
refund being conditioned upon Tenant simultaneously delivering to Landlord a
new, replacement L/C in the amount required hereinabove, and meeting the
requirements contained herein. If Landlord has applied a portion of the L/C
which Landlord has drawn upon toward the payment or performance of Tenant's
obligations under the Lease, then the amount of the refund from Landlord to
Tenant pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph will be less than the amount
of the replacement L/C.
(b) If as of the third (3rd) and each subsequent anniversary date following
the Commencement Date, no prior or current Event of Default has occurred under
the Lease during the eighteen (18) months preceding such anniversary date, the
Face Amount of the L/C may be immediately reduced by $200,000.00 on each
anniversary date of the Commencement Date, commencing with the third (3rd)
anniversary date of the Commencement Date and continuing with each anniversary
date of the Commencement Date thereafter (the "L/C Burnoff").
(c) Provided there has been no Event of Default under the Lease during the
eighteen (18) months preceding such request, then upon the completion of an
initial public offering of the stock of Tenant which results in a market
valuation of all issued and outstanding common stock of Tenant that exceeds Five
Hundred Million Dollars ($500,000,000.00) (as averaged over the first five [5]
days of public trading of Tenant's common stock following the initial public
offering), then the Face Amount of the L/C (following any reduction pursuant to
the L/C Burnoff) shall be reduced by one-half (1/2) of the then existing Face
Amount of the L/C.
(d) Provided there has been no Event of Default under the Lease during the
eighteen (18) months preceding such request, then if for any consecutive three
(3) year period following any initial public offering of Tenant's stock on any
public stock exchange the average market valuation of all issued and outstanding
common stock of Tenant exceeds Five Hundred Million Dollars ($500,000,000.00),
then the requirement for the L/C shall be terminated and any then existing L/C
shall be returned to Tenant.
(e) At any time after Tenant qualifies for a reduction in the Face Amount,
and so long as there has been no Event of Default during the eighteen (18)
preceding any such request, the outstanding L/C shall be returned by Landlord to
Tenant simultaneously with the issuance and delivery by Tenant to Landlord of a
new L/C issued in the correct amount, reflecting the reduction in the Face
Amount for which Tenant has qualified. At such time as the requirement for the
L/C terminates because of the completion of an initial public offering meeting
the requirements set forth
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above, upon demand Landlord shall return to Tenant the then existing L/C, and
Tenant shall have no further obligation under this Lease to deliver or maintain
a L/C, and the provisions of this Paragraph 36 shall terminate.
37. PARKING.
(a) Tenant's Parking Rights. Landlord shall provide Tenant, on an
-----------------------
unassigned and non-exclusive basis, for use by Tenant and Tenant's
Representatives and Visitors, at the users' sole risk, three (3) parking space
in the Parking Facility for each one thousand (1,000) rentable square feet of
space leased to Tenant. The parking spaces to be made available to Tenant
hereunder may contain a reasonable mix of spaces for compact cars and up to ten
percent (10%) of the unassigned spaces may also be designated by Landlord as
Building visitors' parking.
(b) Availability of Parking Spaces. Landlord shall take reasonable actions
------------------------------
to ensure the availability of the parking spaces leased by Tenant, but Landlord
does not guarantee the availability of those spaces at all times against the
actions of other tenants of the Project and users of the Parking Facility;
provided, however, if after the Commencement Date there is significant
interference with Tenant's ability to park in the Parking Facility in the
vicinity of the Buildings, then at Tenant's written request to Landlord,
Landlord shall designate certain parking spaces in the vicinity of the Buildings
as reserved for Tenant and/or Tenant's visitors, as shown on the attached
Exhibit F. Access to the Parking Facility may, at Landlord's option, be
regulated by card, pass, bumper sticker, decal or other appropriate
identification issued by Landlord. Landlord retains the right to revoke the
parking privileges of any user of the Parking Facility who violates the rules
and regulations governing use of the Parking Facility (and Tenant shall be
responsible for causing any employee of Tenant or other person using parking
spaces allocated to Tenant to comply with all parking rules and regulations).
(c) Assignment and Subletting. Notwithstanding any other provision of the
-------------------------
Lease to the contrary, Tenant shall not assign its rights to the parking spaces
or any interest therein, or sublease or otherwise allow the use of all or any
part of the parking spaces to or by any other person, except (i) in connection
with a Transfer, or (ii) with Landlord's prior written consent, which may be
granted or withheld by Landlord in its sole discretion. In the event of any
separate assignment or sublease of parking space rights that is approved by
Landlord, Landlord shall be entitled to receive, as additional Rent hereunder,
one hundred percent (100%) of any profit received by Tenant in connection with
such assignment or sublease.
(d) Condemnation, Damage or Destruction. In the event the Parking Facility
-----------------------------------
is the subject of a Condemnation, or is damaged or destroyed, and this Lease is
not terminated, and if in such event the available number of parking spaces in
the Parking Facility is permanently reduced, then Tenant's rights to use parking
spaces hereunder may, at the election of Landlord, thereafter be reduced in
proportion to the reduction of the total number of parking spaces in the Parking
Facility, subject to the provisions of Subsection (e) below. In such event,
Landlord reserves the right to reduce the number of parking spaces to which
Tenant is entitled or to relocate some or all of the parking spaces to which
Tenant is entitled to other areas in the Parking Facility.
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(e) Notwithstanding any provision contained in the Lease or in this Section
37 to the contrary, if the number of parking spaces available to Tenant in the
Parking Facility is permanently reduced due to (i) damage by fire or other
casualty or (ii) Condemnation then (x) if the reduction in the number of parking
spaces is twenty-five (25) or less, Landlord shall use reasonable efforts to
provide, within a reasonable period of time, either within a reasonable walking
distance from the Buildings, or at an off-site location within a reasonable
distance, including a shuttle service to and from the Premises, both at no
additional charge to Tenant, the same number of parking spaces as existed prior
to any such reduction, and (y) if the reduction in the number of parking spaces
is twenty-six (26) or more, then if Landlord does not provide, within a
reasonable period of time, alternative parking arrangements within a reasonable
walking distance of the Premises that provide Tenant the same parking capacity
as existed prior to any such reduction, Tenant may terminate this Lease by
written notice to Landlord within one hundred twenty (120) days after any
reduction by twenty-six (26) or more parking spaces.
38. EXTENSION OPTION.
Provided that (a) DIVA Systems Corporation has not assigned this Lease
other than in connection with a Permitted Transfer (it being intended that all
rights pursuant to this provision are and shall be personal to the original
Tenant under this Lease and any Permitted Transferee and shall not be
transferable or exercisable for the benefit of any Transferee other than a
Permitted Transferee), (b) DIVA Systems Corporation or its Permitted Transferee
is in actual occupancy of at least eighty percent (80%) of all the rentable area
in at least one (1) of the Buildings, and (c) there is no uncured Event of
Default by Tenant under this Lease at the time of exercise or at any time
thereafter until the beginning of any such extension of the Term, Tenant shall
have the option (the "Extension Option") to extend the Term for one (1)
additional consecutive period of five (5) years ("Extension Period") with
respect to either one or both of the Buildings, by giving written notice to
Landlord of the exercise of any such Extension Option at least nine (9) months,
but not more than eighteen (18) months, prior to the expiration of the initial
Term; provided, however, Tenant shall not have the right to exercised the
Extension Option for any Building in which Tenant or its Permitted Transferee
does not actually occupy at least eighty percent (80%) of the rentable area. The
exercise of any Extension Option by Tenant shall be irrevocable and shall cover
either (x) the entire Building, or (y) the entire Premises, as elected by DIVA
Systems Corporation or its Permitted Transferee in its notice exercising such
Extension Option. Upon such exercise, the term of the Lease shall automatically
be extended for the applicable Extension Period without the execution of any
further instrument by the parties; provided that Landlord and Tenant shall, if
requested by either party, execute and acknowledge an instrument confirming the
exercise of the Extension Option. Any Extension Option shall terminate if not
exercised precisely in the manner provided herein. Any extension of the Term
shall be upon all the terms and conditions set forth in this Lease and all
Exhibits thereto, except that: (i) Tenant shall have no further option to extend
the Term of the Lease; (ii) Landlord shall not be obligated to contribute funds
toward the cost of any remodeling, renovation, alteration or improvement work in
the Premises; and (iii) Base Rent for any such Extension Period shall be the
then Fair Market Base Rental (as defined below) for the Premises for the space
and term involved, which shall be determined as set forth below.
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(a) "Fair Market Base Rental" shall mean the "fair market" Base Rent at
the time or times in question for the applicable space, based on the prevailing
rentals then being charged to tenants in the Project and tenants in other
similar type buildings in the general vicinity of the Building of comparable
size, location, quality and age as the Building for leases with terms equal to
the Extension Period, taking into account the creditworthiness and financial
strength of the tenant, the financial guaranties provided by the tenant (if
any), the value of market concessions (including the value of construction,
renovation, moving and other allowances or rent credits), the desirability,
location in the building, size and quality of the space, tenant finish allowance
and/or tenant improvements, included services, operating expenses and tax and
expense stops or other escalation clauses, and brokerage commissions, for the
space in the Project for which Fair Market Base Rental is being determined and
for comparable space in the buildings which are being used for comparison. Fair
Market Base Rental shall also reflect the then prevailing rental structure for
comparable type buildings in the general vicinity of the Property, so that if,
for example, at the time Fair Market Base Rental is being determined the
prevailing rental structure for comparable space and for comparable lease terms
includes periodic rental adjustments or escalations, Fair Market Base Rental
shall reflect such rental structure.
(b) Landlord and Tenant shall endeavor to agree upon the Fair Market Base
Rental. If they are unable to so agree within thirty (30) days after receipt by
Landlord of Tenant's notice of exercise of the Extension Option, Landlord and
Tenant shall mutually select a licensed real estate appraiser. If Landlord and
Tenant are unable to agree upon the name of a licensed real estate appraiser
within such thirty (30) day period, then within fifteen (15) days after the
expiration of the thirty (30) day period, Landlord shall select a licensed real
estate appraiser, and Tenant shall select a licensed real estate appraiser. The
two (2) licensed real estate appraisers shall then within fifteen (15) days
thereafter mutually select a third licensed real estate appraiser (the
"Arbitrator"). If the appraisers fail to select the Arbitrator within such
period of time, then either Landlord may make application to the Presiding Judge
of the Superior Court of San Mateo County to appoint the Arbitrator, and any
party so designated by the Presiding Judge in response to such application shall
be entitled to act as the Arbitrator pursuant to this Section. All licensed real
estate appraiser selected pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph must be
active in appraising space similar to the Premises in the general vicinity of
the Project, and have at least five (5) years experience in appraising space
similar to the Building in the general vicinity of the Project. After selection
of the appraiser or appraisers in accordance with the provisions of this
paragraph, Landlord shall submit Landlord's determination of Fair Market Base
Rental and Tenant shall submit Tenant's determination of Fair Market Base Rental
to such appraiser, or appraisers, at such time or times and in such manner as
Landlord and Tenant shall agree (or as directed by the appraiser; or if Landlord
and Tenant do not agree on one appraiser and an Arbitrator is appointed, then as
directed by the Arbitrator, if Landlord and Tenant do not promptly agree). If
Landlord and Tenant have agreed upon one appraiser, the appraiser shall select
either Landlord's or Tenant's determination as the Fair Market Base Rental, and
such determination shall be binding on Landlord and Tenant. If Tenant's
determination is selected as the Fair Market Base Rental, then Landlord shall
bear all of the appraiser's cost and fees. If Landlord's determination is
selected as the Fair Market Base Rental, then Tenant shall bear all of the
appraiser's cost and fees. If Landlord and Tenant have not agreed upon one
appraiser, and
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there is an Arbitrator appointed, then each of the three (3) appraisers shall
select either Landlord's or Tenant's determination as the Fair Market Base
Rental, and whichever of Landlord's or Tenant's determination is selected by two
(2) or more of the three (3) appraisers shall be binding on Landlord and Tenant.
If Tenant's determination is selected as the Fair Market Base Rental, then
Landlord shall bear all costs and fees of all of the appraisers (including the
Arbitrator). If Landlord's determination is selected as the Fair Market Base
Rental, then Tenant shall bear all of all costs and fees of all of the
appraisers (including the Arbitrator). The appraiser or appraisers may select
only between the two (2) determinations of Fair Market Base Rental submitted by
Landlord and Tenant, and shall not have the right to average the two
determinations of Fair Market Base Rental, or to make any determination of Fair
Market Base Rental other than between the two determinations submitted by
Landlord and Tenant.
(c) In the event the Fair Market Base Rental for any Extension Period has
not been determined at such time as Tenant is obligated to pay Base Rent for
such Extension Period, Tenant shall pay as Base Rent pending such determination,
the Base Rent in effect for such space immediately prior to the Extension
Period; provided, that upon the determination of the applicable Fair Market Base
Rental, any shortage of Base Rent paid, together with interest at the rate
specified in the Lease, shall be paid to Landlord by Tenant.
(d) In no event shall the Base Rent during any Extension Period be less
than $2.54 per month per rentable square foot in the Building or Buildings for
which the Term of the Lease is extended pursuant to the provisions of this
Extension Option.
(e) The term of this Lease, whether consisting of the Initial Term alone
or the Initial Term as extended by any Extension Period (if any Extension Option
is exercised), is referred to in this Lease as the "Term."
39. ROOFTOP EQUIPMENT.
(a) Satellite Dish. Subject to all other provisions of the Lease, Tenant
--------------
shall have the non-exclusive right to install on the roof of Building 20 and use
during the Term of this Lease in conjunction with the conduct of Tenant's usual
business in the Premises up to six (6) satellite dish and other antennas of not
more than 112" in diameter each, as such number and size of antennas may be
changed by Tenant subject to the terms of this Section 39, so long as any such
installation is designed, made, operated, maintained, repaired, replaced as
necessary, and removed by Tenant at Tenant's sole cost and expense and at no
cost or expense to Landlord, is either (i) not visible from the ground, or (ii)
is adequately screened as reasonably approved by Landlord, does not interfere
with communications by other tenants in the Project, does not adversely affect
the structural integrity of the roof, cause any leaks, and complies at all times
with all applicable Laws and governmental regulations and the provisions set
forth below, provided, however, that to the extent that the installation of such
antennas voids any roof warranty, Landlord shall not be responsible for
repairing the roof.
(b) Request by Tenant & Approval by Landlord. At least thirty (30) days
----------------------------------------
prior to making any installation, Tenant shall submit detailed plans and
specifications, describing all aspects of Tenant's proposed installation,
including detailed specifications and plans concerning
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the antenna, all associated equipment, the means of attaching the antenna and
associated equipment to the Building, the connections between the antenna and
the equipment and the Premises, power requirements, cable specifications,
equipment and equipment cabinet dimensions and weights, and such other
particulars and details as Landlord may reasonably request in order to have
sufficient information to understand the installation proposed by Tenant
(collectively, the "Plans"), for review and approval by Landlord and Landlord's
consultants, including Landlord's structural engineer. All aspects of the Plans
(including the location of any antenna and any associated equipment) shall be
subject to Landlord's prior written approval which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld, and any approval from all applicable governmental
agencies, including ordinances, regulations and any approval from the City of
Redwood City.
(c) Grant of License. Subject to Tenant's request and Landlord's approval
----------------
of Tenant's plans and specifications and written agreement between Landlord and
Tenant concerning the location of any antenna and any associated equipment,
Landlord hereby grants to Tenant, during the Term of the Lease, for no
additional rent or other charge (other than reimbursement of any out-of-pocket
expenditures incurred in good faith by Landlord in connection therewith and
payment of other costs as provided below), the exclusive right, subject to the
other provisions of this Section 39, to use the area within the existing roof
fence on the roof of Building 20 (the "Licensed Area") for the purpose of
installing, operating, using, maintaining and repairing satellite dishes and
other antenna for data communications and associated cabling and equipment as
defined and described in the Plans approved by Landlord (the "Equipment") and
including the right to connect the Equipment to the Premises. If Tenant desires
to locate any satellite dishes or other antenna outside the Licensed Area, then
Landlord may designate the location or locations of such the Equipment in its
sole discretion, and the designated location for such satellite dishes and other
antenna shall be included in the definition of Licensed Area. The Licensed Area
shall be included within the term Premises for all purposes under the Lease.
(d) Use; Compliance with Laws. The Licensed Area may be used by Tenant
-------------------------
only for the installation, operation, use, maintenance, repair, replacement and
removal of the Equipment, all at Tenant's sole risk and expense and in full
compliance with all applicable Laws, which Equipment shall be used only in the
conduct of Tenant's business in the Premises. Tenant's right to use the
Licensed Area is personal to Tenant and may not be separately assigned or
sublet, except in connection with an assignment of the Lease or sublease of the
entire Premises consented to by Landlord or in connection with a Permitted
Transfer.
(e) Interference. Tenant's use of the Licensed Area and Equipment shall
------------
not interfere in any manner with Landlord's or any tenant's, occupant's or
licensee's use or activities in the Project and shall not damage or interfere
with any facilities or equipment of any type installed by Landlord or any other
person or entity, including without limitation, the Building Systems and any
satellite dishes, antenna, computer or other devices or systems installed at the
Property at any time prior to Landlord's approval of Tenant's Plans and
Equipment. Landlord shall be entitled to withhold approval until Landlord has
been completely satisfied (as determined by Landlord in Landlord's sole and
absolute discretion) that installation and use of Tenant's Equipment will not
cause any such interference. Tenant agrees, warrants and represents that should
any such
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interference occur, it shall take whatever steps are required to correct such
interference within two (2) business days after receiving written notice thereof
from Landlord, and that should there occur any material interference with the
ability of Landlord or any tenants, occupants or licensees of the Project to
communicate in any manner (whether by radio, television, electrical, telephone,
computer, microwave or otherwise) that Tenant shall take whatever steps are
required to stop such interference within seventy-two (72) hours after receiving
written notice thereof from Landlord, but if despite Tenant's steps to stop such
interference, the interference continues, then Tenant shall not be obligated to
discontinue using the Equipment. Tenant's failure to promptly correct any such
interference, as set forth herein, shall constitute an Event of Default and
shall entitle Landlord to correct the cause of the interference, and to charge
Tenant with all costs so incurred. Tenant agrees that Landlord shall not be
responsible for preventing or correcting any interference that may be caused to
Tenant's Equipment or its use and that Tenant shall be fully responsible for
coordinating and cooperating with other tenants, occupants or licensees who have
communications devices at the Project in order to minimize or prevent any
interference by or with Tenant's Equipment and its use (except as Landlord may
otherwise expressly agree to the contrary at the time Landlord approves Tenant's
Plans; for example, based on a particular proposed location for Tenant's
antenna, Landlord may agree not to locate anything that would interfere with
Tenant's antenna between Tenant's antenna and the edge of the roof).
(f) Installation and Maintenance of Equipment. Tenant agrees that the
-----------------------------------------
Licensed Area will be delivered to it in its AS IS and WHERE IS condition and
that Landlord shall have no obligation to modify or install any improvements in
the Licensed Area. Prior to installing any of the Equipment or constructing any
improvements in the Licensed Area, Tenant shall establish to Landlord's
satisfaction that the requirements of Article 11 (Insurance) of the Lease have
been satisfied. Tenant shall coordinate the installation of the Equipment with
Landlord's roofing contractor. Landlord shall have the right to require
reasonable modifications and impose reasonable conditions on Tenant's Plans;
provided, however, that Landlord shall have the absolute right, in its sole
discretion, to require any changes or impose any conditions on the Plans
(including without limitation the right to require which contractors must be
used) to the extent the Plans affect the structural integrity of the Building
provided, however, Tenant will be permitted to use sufficient mounts to support
the Equipment, including the use of a penetrating roof mount (subject to the
other provisions of this Section 39), (or such other means of attachment to the
roof recommended by Landlord's structural engineer) or any of the Building
Systems, or to prevent interference with any other communications devices at the
Project (or which Landlord has agreed to install or permit to be installed at
the Project) at the time of Landlord's approval, or to minimize the effect of
the Equipment on the appearance of the Building (including installing screens
and other esthetic improvements). Tenant shall be required, at its own cost, to
construct or install any improvements to the Property required by applicable
Laws as a result of Tenant's Equipment or improvements or the use or operation
thereof. The installation of Tenant's Equipment and construction of all related
or required improvements shall be completed by Tenant, at its sole cost, and in
full compliance with the Plans approved by Landlord and any conditions imposed
by Landlord thereon and the requirements of Article 6 (Alterations) of the
Lease. Tenant shall pay all of Landlord's actual costs incurred in the review
and supervision of Tenant's efforts, including any fees (not to exceed $3,000.00
for each time that Tenant is to install Equipment) charged by Landlord's
structural engineer in connection with such engineer's review and
recommendations with respect to the
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installation of the Equipment. Tenant shall label each cable placed in or on the
Building, as well as the antennas, with information as to where the cables
originate and where the cables terminate. Tenant shall prominently label any
Equipment with appropriate safety warnings when human exposure to radio
frequency radiation may exceed the safety standards of any applicable
governmental authority. Tenant shall at all times, and at its sole cost,
maintain the Equipment and the Licensed Area in a good, orderly, sanitary and
safe condition and repair and restore any loss or damage Tenant or any of
Tenant's Representatives may cause to the Licensed Area or roof of the Building.
Tenant shall have access to the Licensed Area and other portions of the Property
at all reasonable times and as necessary for Tenant's installation, operation,
use, maintenance, repair, replacement and removal of the Equipment and other
improvements installed by Tenant.
(g) Title to Equipment and Removal. Tenant shall at all times remain the
------------------------------
owner of all the Equipment, which shall not be deemed fixtures, notwithstanding
their method of installation or attachment to the Building, and shall pay all
Tenant's Taxes with respect to all the Equipment and related improvements
constructed or installed by Tenant. On or before the Expiration Date or earlier
termination date of the Lease, Tenant shall remove all of the Equipment and all
improvements installed or constructed by Tenant, shall restore the Licensed Area
and Property to the condition they were in upon installation of Tenant's
Equipment, reasonable wear and tear excepted, and shall return the Licensed Area
in broom-clean condition; provided, however, that (i) Landlord shall have the
right to approve Tenant's contractor and all of Tenant's plans for the removal
of the Equipment and improvements and restoration of the Building; and (ii) if
any of the improvements installed or constructed by Tenant at the Building
penetrated the roof membrane or otherwise in any affected the watertight
integrity of the Building's roof, then upon removal of such improvements, Tenant
shall provide Landlord with a written warranty, in a form and from a contractor
reasonably acceptable to Landlord, warranting the watertight integrity of the
roof for a period of one (1) year after removal of such improvements. If Tenant
does not remove all of its Equipment and improvements, as required hereunder,
Landlord may, at its sole option, either retain such items as its own, without
any further actions, notice or compensation to Tenant, or remove and dispose of
such items in any manner it chooses, restore the Property as required hereunder
and charge Tenant for all costs incurred in that effort.
(h) Utilities. Tenant shall pay for all costs of electrical service and
---------
other utilities provided to the Licensed Area.
(i) Relocation. [Intentionally Deleted].
----------
(j) Indemnification and Waiver. In addition to the indemnification of
--------------------------
Landlord set forth in the Lease, Tenant shall indemnify, protect, defend and
hold harmless Landlord from any Claims arising out of or resulting from, in
whole or in part, any loss, injury or damage occurring or caused to any person
or property during the Term (x) in or about the Licensed Area, or the roof of
the Building, arising from the acts or omissions of Tenant, its agents,
employees, contractors, or others acting under its control or at its discretion,
or by the existence of the Equipment and related improvements on the roof of the
Building, or (y) within the vicinity of the Building caused by the Equipment
becoming detached from the roof, or any part of the Equipment becoming detached
from the remainder of the Equipment; provided, however, that the
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foregoing indemnification by Tenant shall not apply to the extent any such
Claims are proven by final judgment to have been caused by acts or omissions of
Landlord that constitute gross negligence or willful misconduct. This
indemnification shall apply and be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by
Law and shall survive termination or expiration of the Term. Landlord shall not
be liable to Tenant, and Tenant hereby waives all claims it may have against
Landlord, for any loss, injury or damage to any person or property in or about
the Licensed Area or the roof of the Building, or resulting from the Equipment
becoming detached from the roof, or any part of the Equipment becoming detached
from the remainder of the Equipment, any including interruption of services and
loss of use of the Equipment, from any cause, without limitation as to type or
description and specifically including acts or omissions constituting the active
or sole negligence of Landlord, but excluding from all of the foregoing the acts
or omissions of Landlord that are proven by final judgment to constitute gross
negligence or willful misconduct. Notwithstanding any other provision of the
Lease, in no event shall Landlord be liable to Tenant for any punitive or
consequential damages or damages for loss of business by Tenant. It is the
intent of the foregoing provisions that Tenant shall look to its own insurance
for payment or reimbursement for any such loss, damage, injury or liability.
(k) The parties acknowledge that the Project is subject to certain
covenants, conditions and restrictions for Seaport Centre (the "CC&R's), which
provide in Section 11.8 entitled "Antenna and Other Roof Structure" that no
exterior towers, aerials, or other similar structures may be installed on the
roof of any building unless approval has been obtained from the appropriate
architectural committee under the CC&R's. It shall be a condition for the
benefit of Tenant that within thirty (30) days after Tenant delivers to Landlord
Tenant's plans and specifications for the satellite dish(es) and antennas in
sufficient detail to obtain any required approvals under the CC&R's (along with
any future modifications or other Equipment that Tenant desires the flexibility
to install in the future that otherwise complies with this Section 39)
(collectively the "CC&R Antenna Plans"), Landlord shall obtain for Tenant such
approval of the CC&R Antenna Plans (including any future modifications or
installations described therein) from either (x) such architectural control
committee, or (y) any entity or entities with the legal right to modify the
CC&R's with the effect that such architectural control committee approval is not
required. If Landlord is unable to obtain approval for the CC&R Antenna Plans
within such thirty (30) day period, then Tenant shall have the one-time option
to terminate this Lease following submission of the CC&R Antenna Plans preceding
the Building 20 Commencement Date, which termination option can only be
exercised by written notice to Landlord within fifteen (15) days following the
expiration of such thirty (30) day period; provided, however, if Tenant fails to
deliver to Landlord the CC&R Antenna Plans within thirty (30) days following the
date a fully executed copy of this Lease is delivered to Tenant, then Tenant
shall be deemed to have waived its right to terminate this Lease pursuant to the
provisions of this subsection. Approval of the CC&R Antenna Plans does not
limit or restrict Landlord's right to review and approve Tenant's Plans under
subsection (b) of this Section 39.
40. DIESEL GENERATOR
Tenant shall have the right to install up to a 100 KVA sized diesel
generator and above-ground diesel fuel storage tank and related switching and
connection facilities (collectively, the "Diesel Equipment") in the location
shown on Exhibit A-3 attached
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<PAGE>
hereto, subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 40. The purpose of
the Diesel Equipment is to provide emergency back-up power to Tenant's
laboratories and other key rooms in Building 20 and not as a general back-up to
all electrical systems in the Buildings. Therefore, the Diesel Equipment would
not constitute part of the Building Systems for purposes of the Lease.
The installation of the Diesel Equipment shall be subject to the prior written
approval of Landlord, and applicable Laws, and any approval permits from the
City of Redwood City and any other applicable governmental agency. As part of
the Construction Documents Tenant shall detailed plans and specifications of the
Diesel Equipment showing the location, supporting structures, size, height,
method of exhaust, storage of diesel fuel, and contingency plans for containing
any spills of diesel fuel. Any approval by Landlord of the Diesel Equipment
shall not constitute any warranty or representation that the Diesel Equipment
will be adequate for their intended purposes.
During the Term of this Lease Tenant shall operate the Diesel Equipment in
accordance with all applicable Laws. Tenant shall be solely responsible to
maintain, repair, replace, and test the Diesel Equipment. Although Landlord is
allowing Tenant to install the Diesel Equipment, subject to the provisions of
this Section 40, and other provisions of the Lease, Tenant shall be responsible
during the Term to comply with all Laws and the Environmental Requirements
contained within Section 5.2 of the Lease as such apply to the operation of the
Diesel Equipment, and Tenant shall indemnify Landlord against any Environmental
Losses resulting from Handling by Tenant of diesel fuel, including spills of
diesel fuel onto the Land.
Upon expiration or termination of this Lease Tenant shall remove the Diesel
Equipment, and restore any penetrations through the Building arising from the
Diesel Equipment, at Tenant's sole cost and expense. At Landlord's election,
Tenant shall also remove the pad upon which the Diesel Equipment is placed, and
to restore the land upon which the pad has been placed to the condition existing
as of the date of this Lease. If Tenant fails to remove the Diesel Equipment
(and the pad if Landlord so elects) within ten (10) days after the expiration or
termination of this Lease, then Landlord shall have the right to do so at
Tenant's expense, and Tenant agrees to pay to Landlord the costs of such
removal, repair and restoration within thirty (30) days after Landlord invoices
Tenant therefor.
41. LOADING RAMP.
Tenant shall have the right to construct and install a loading ramp (the
"Loading Ramp") in the location shown on Exhibit A-4 attached hereto. The
Loading Ramp will be included in the Construction Documents. The Loading Ramp
shall be subject to applicable Laws, and any approval permits from the City of
Redwood City and any other applicable governmental agency, and the prior written
approval of Landlord pursuant to the provisions of Exhibit B to the Lease.
Tenant shall be responsible to maintain the Loading Ramp throughout the Term.
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<PAGE>
At Landlord's election, Tenant shall remove the Loading Ramp upon
expiration or termination of this Lease. If Tenant fails to remove the Loading
Ramp, if Landlord so elects, within ten (10) days after the expiration or
termination of this Lease, then Landlord shall have the right to do so at
Tenant's expense, and Tenant agrees to pay to Landlord the costs of such removal
within thirty (30) days after Landlord invoices Tenant therefor.
42. TRUCK PARKING STALL.
Tenant shall have the right to construct and install a truck parking stall
(the "Truck Parking Stall") in the location shown on Exhibit A-5 attached
hereto. The Truck Parking Stall will be contained as a part of the Construction
Documents. The Truck Parking Stall shall be subject to applicable Laws, and any
approval permits from the City of Redwood City and any other applicable
governmental agency, and the prior written approval of Landlord pursuant to the
provisions of Exhibit B to the Lease.
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
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<PAGE>
EXHIBIT E
---------
ATTACHED TO AND FORMING A PART OF
LEASE AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF JANUARY 20, 1999
BETWEEN
SEAPORT CENTRE ASSOCIATES, LLC, AS LANDLORD,
AND
DIVA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, AS TENANT ("LEASE")
APPROVED LETTER OF CREDIT FORM
------------------------------
[Letterhead of Issuing Bank]
[must be a Bank whose location, credit and practices we have approved]
RE: IRREVOCABLE COMMERCIAL LETTER OF CREDIT NO. _________
TO: [Name of project owner] ("Landlord"),________________________________
__________________ [Landlord's address]
Gentlemen:
We hereby issue our Irrevocable Commercial Letter of Credit in your favor, for
the account of _____________________________ [name of tenant and type of entity
(e.g. "ABC Corporation, a California corporation")] ("Tenant"), in the amount of
______________________________ Dollars ($__________). This amount is available
to you on presentation of your sight draft drawn upon us referring to the above
letter of credit number, date and amount being drawn hereunder, accompanied by
the signed statement of you or your authorized agent, William Wilson &
Associates, that the amount drawn hereunder is being drawn pursuant to the terms
of the _______________ [title of lease document (e.g. Office Lease, or Lease
Agreement, etc.)] dated as of __________, between Tenant, as tenant, and
Landlord, as landlord, for certain premises located at _______________
__________________________ (the "Lease").
Any draft presented for payment must be presented on or before ________________
[term should be at least one year], the date this Letter of Credit expires.
Partial drawings are permitted.
If you sell or otherwise transfer any interest in the "Premises" or "Building"
(as defined in the Lease) [be sure to use the defined terms used in the Lease
(e.g. if the premises are called "Leased Premises" in the Lease, then use that
term here)], in the land upon which the same is located, in the Lease, or in
Landlord (including consolidations, mergers or other entity changes),
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<PAGE>
you shall have the right to transfer this Letter of Credit to your
transferee(s), successors or assigns.
We hereby certify that this is an unconditional and irrevocable Letter of Credit
and agree that a draft drawn under and in compliance with the terms hereof will
be honored upon presentation at our office at _________________________________
[it must be a location easily accessible to us (e.g. no country banks located in
some tiny town in the Southeastern corner of Texas].
Except to the extent inconsistent with the express provisions hereof, this
Letter of Credit is subject to and governed by Uniform Customs and Practice for
Documentary Credits (1993 Revision) International Chamber of Commerce
publication number 500.
[Name of Bank]
_________________________________
Authorized Signature
INITIALS:
Landlord ______
Tenant ______
-69-
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