<PAGE> 1
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
X QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
- --- ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997
OR
- --- TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period from ___________ to ___________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 0-27540
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
DELAWARE 94-3096794
(State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1360 O'BRIEN DRIVE
MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA 94025
415-325-1600
(Address, Zip Code and Telephone Number of Principal Executive Offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
YES X NO
--- ---
The number of shares outstanding of the issuer's common stock as of November 3,
1997 was 8,550,262.
This document contains 21 pages and the Exhibit Index is on Page 20
Page 1 of 21
<PAGE> 2
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION PAGE
<S> <C> <C>
Item 1. Financial Statements
Condensed Balance Sheets as of September 30, 1997 and
December 31, 1996 3
Condensed Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Month
Periods Ended September 30, 1997 and September 30, 1996 4
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Month Periods Ended
September 30, 1997 and September 30, 1996 5
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements 6
Risk Factors 7
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations 15
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 5. Other Information 18
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 18
Signatures 19
Exhibit Index 20
Exhibits 21
</TABLE>
Page 2 of 21
<PAGE> 3
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, December 31,
1997 1996
------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,536,962 $ 2,530,792
Securities available-for-sale 5,136,010 15,328,545
Accounts receivable 1,169,700 505,440
Interest receivable 153,210 269,329
Inventory 340,807 -
Prepaids and other 475,424 306,837
Notes receivable from employees 386,501 31,501
----------- -----------
Total current assets 12,198,614 18,972,444
Property and equipment, net 2,805,140 1,905,579
Other assets 72,111 74,361
----------- -----------
Total assets $15,075,865 $20,952,384
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable 927,711 714,323
Accrued and other liabilities 2,795,224 1,563,384
----------- -----------
Total current liabilities 3,722,935 2,277,707
----------- -----------
Line of credit, plus accrued interest 7,044,301 -
----------- -----------
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, $0.00001 par value:
Authorized: 30,000,000 shares at September 30, 1997
and December 31, 1996, respectively; issued and
outstanding: 8,543,356 and 8,402,371 shares at
September 30, 1997 and December 31, 1996,
respectively 86 84
Additional paid-in capital 57,291,818 56,298,754
Deferred compensation (61,453) (81,934)
Accumulated deficit (52,921,822) (37,542,227)
----------- -----------
Total stockholders' equity 4,308,629 18,674,677
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $15,075,865 $20,952,384
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
Page 3 of 21
<PAGE> 4
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
-------------------------------- -------------------------------
1997 1996 1997 1996
----------- ----------- ------------ -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net product sales $ 939,840 $ 303,500 $ 2,627,145 $ 659,000
Cost of goods sold 833,171 369,336 2,391,454 801,423
----------- ----------- ------------ -----------
Gross margin 106,669 (65,836) 235,691 (142,423)
Operating costs and expenses
Research and development 5,031,460 3,178,248 12,354,994 8,465,551
Selling, general and
administrative 1,237,862 552,072 3,669,723 1,680,465
----------- ----------- ------------ -----------
Total operating costs
and expenses 6,269,322 3,730,320 16,024,717 10,146,016
Loss from operations (6,162,653) (3,796,156) (15,789,026) (10,288,439)
Interest income (net) 49,822 289,123 409,431 889,525
----------- ----------- ------------ -----------
Net loss $(6,112,831) $(3,507,033) $(15,379,595) $(9,398,914)
=========== =========== ============ ===========
Net loss per share $ (0.72) $ (0.42) $ (1.81) $ (1.16)
=========== =========== ============ ===========
Shares used in computing
net loss per share 8,532,942 8,354,857 8,488,966 8,104,817
=========== =========== ============ ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
Page 4 of 21
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
Page 4 of 21
<PAGE> 5
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------------
1997 1996
------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss $(15,379,595) $ (9,398,914)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used
in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 427,202 264,955
Amortization of deferred compensation 20,481 20,481
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (664,260) (309,856)
Interest receivable 116,119 (57,005)
Inventory (340,807) --
Prepaids and other (168,587) 22,102
Note receivable from employees (355,000) --
Other assets -- (20,205)
Accounts payable 213,388 (36,149)
Accrued and other liabilities 1,231,840 748,721
Accrued interest payable 44,301 --
------------- --------------
Net cash used in operating activities (14,854,918) (8,765,870)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of securities available-for-sale (7,608,924) (31,531,776)
Sale/maturity of securities available-for-sale 17,801,459 20,725,964
Purchases of property and equipment (1,324,513) (1,279,978)
------------- --------------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 8,868,022 (12,085,790)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Drawdown on line of credit 7,000,000 --
Repayment of capital lease obligations -- (15,131)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 207,937 153,184
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 474,064 155,530
Stock option vesting acceleration 311,065 --
Proceeds from sale of common stock -- 21,594,688
------------- --------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 7,993,066 21,888,271
------------- --------------
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 2,006,170 1,036,611
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period 2,530,792 2,203,937
------------- --------------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period $ 4,536,962 $ 3,240,548
============= ==============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
Page 5 of 21
<PAGE> 6
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Interim Unaudited Financial Information
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared
in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission ("Commission"). They do not include all of the information and
footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete
financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair
presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine
month periods ended September 30, 1997 are not necessarily indicative of the
results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 1997. The
condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
Company's annual audited financial statements included in the Company's Form
10K for the year ended December 31, 1996.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from product sales is related to the sale of the Company's Ancure
systems consisting of an endovascular prosthesis and delivery catheter and
other ancillary items. The Company recognizes revenue once the Ancure system
has been used in a surgical procedure. Costs of goods sold include costs
attributable to the manufacture of the products.
Net Loss Per Share
Net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding. Common equivalent shares from stock options are excluded
from the computation as their effect is anti-dilutive, except that, pursuant
to the Commission's Staff Accounting Bulletins, common and common
equivalents (stock options and preferred stock) issued during the 12-month
period prior to the initial public offering of the Company's common stock at
prices below the initial public offering price of $12.00 per share have been
included in the calculation as if they were outstanding for all periods
prior to the initial public offering (using the treasury stock method).
In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128, Earnings per
Share, which simplifies the standards for computing earnings per share
previously found in Accounting Principles Board Opinion ("APBO") No. 15.
SFAS No. 128 replaces the presentation of primary earnings per share with a
presentation of basic earnings per share, which excludes dilution. SFAS No.
128 also requires dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share
on the face of the income statement for all entities with complex capital
structures and requires a reconciliation. Diluted earnings per share is
computed similarly to fully diluted earnings per share pursuant to APBO No.
15. SFAS No. 128 must be adopted for financial statements issued for periods
ending after December 15, 1997, including interim periods; earlier
application is not permitted. SFAS No. 128 requires restatement of all
prior-period earnings per share data presented. For the three and nine
months ended September 30, 1997, basic and diluted loss per share would be
equivalent to the loss per share presented in the accompanying condensed
statement of operations.
2. CREDIT AGREEMENT
In February 1997, the Company entered into a $30 million credit agreement.
Borrowings under the agreement bear interest at 16.5% to 19%. Interest
accruing during the first thirty months in which loans are outstanding is
payable in full thirty months after the date the first loan is made.
Interest accruing thereafter is due quarterly. Principal payments are due in
full on March 31, 2002. Balances owed under the agreement may be prepaid
subject to a prepayment fee, which is initially set at 5% of the prepayment
amount and is reduced on each anniversary date of the agreement by 1%.
Further, all principal outstanding will be due upon the occurrence of
certain asset sales and issuances of equity securities, and will be due at
the lender's discretion upon a change in control of the Company. Among other
requirements, the agreement prohibits the Company from paying dividends and
incurring additional indebtedness.
Page 6 of 21
<PAGE> 7
At September 30, 1997, there was a principal balance of $7,000,000 owing
under this agreement, with approximately $44,000 of accrued interest.
3. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On October 5, 1997 a definitive merger agreement was signed for Guidant
Corporation ("Guidant") to acquire the Company. The transaction will be a
tax-free, stock-for-stock exchange, and will be accounted for as a pooling
of interests transaction. As a result of the Merger, Company stockholders
will have the right to receive, in exchange for each share of Company Common
Stock they own, the number of shares of Guidant Common Stock determined by
dividing $20.00 by the average price of a share of Guidant Common Stock
during a specified period. However, if the average price of a share of
Guidant Common Stock during a specified period is greater than or equal to
$46.63 but less than or equal to $51.75, then Company stockholders will have
the right to receive, in exchange for each share of Company Common Stock
they own, 0.3865 of a share of Guidant Common Stock, and if the average
price of a share of Guidant Common Stock during a specified period is less
than $46.63, then Company stockholders will have the right to receive, in
exchange for each share of Company common Stock they own, the number of
share of Guidant Common Stock determined by dividing $18.00 by the average
price of a share of Guidant Common Stock during a specified period. The
merger is subject to certain closing conditions, including approval by
Company stockholders and Hart-Scott-Rodino anti-trust clearance. The
transaction is expected to be consummated in the first quarter of 1998.
RISK FACTORS
Early Stage of Clinical Trials; No Assurance of Safety and Efficacy
The Company's Ancure systems for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm
(AAA) repair are at an early stage of clinical testing. There can be no
assurance that the Company's products will prove to be safe and effective in
clinical trials or will ultimately be cleared for marketing by United States
or foreign regulatory authorities. The Company does not expect to submit a
PMA for any of its Ancure systems until 1998, and there can be no assurance
that the Company will ever submit a PMA or that, if submitted, such PMA will
be approved by the FDA. If the Tube, Bifurcated or Aortoiliac Ancure systems
do not prove to be safe and effective in clinical trials or if the Company
is otherwise unable to commercialize either system successfully, the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations will be
materially adversely effected and cessation of the Company's business could
occur.
During the course of its clinical trials, the Company identifies technical
difficulties and areas of improvement for its products. The clinical trials
may identify significant technical or other obstacles to be overcome prior
to obtaining necessary regulatory or reimbursement approvals. For example,
the Company continues to observe blood flow outside the implant ("Perigraft
Flow") in patients treated with the Tube and Bifurcated Ancure systems. The
clinical significance of Perigraft Flow is unknown. There can be no
assurance that Perigraft Flow or other difficulties will not have a material
adverse effect on the safety and efficacy of the Company's Ancure systems or
any follow-on devices and thereby prevent the Company from obtaining PMA
approval from the FDA.
Attachment System Fractures; Suspension of Clinical Trials January 1995
In January 1995, the Company discovered fractures in the attachment system
component of the Tube EndoGraft prosthesis during routine follow-up tests.
Based on this discovery, the Company suspended its clinical trials
worldwide. As of November 3, 1997 a total of 46 patients, representing
approximately 51% of 91 patients, implanted prior to February 1995, with the
Tube EndoGraft prosthesis in place for more than six weeks, have experienced
attachment system fractures. In 13 patients with fractures, the Tube
EndoGraft prosthesis was removed and the AAA was treated by open surgery.
Three patients with fractures have died for reasons unrelated to the
attachment system fractures. The remaining patients are closely monitored by
their physicians and the Company for fractures or the onset of adverse
clinical consequences. The Company expects additional fractures to occur in
these attachment systems. There can be no assurance that additional adverse
clinical consequences will not occur in the future, which could result in
the suspension of clinical trials or otherwise have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Following suspension of clinical trials in January 1995, the Company
determined that the fractures were caused by metal fatigue resulting from
higher than anticipated forces acting on the attachment systems. As a
result, the
Page 7 of 21
<PAGE> 8
Company has implemented a number of significant modifications to the
attachment systems and subjected the redesigned attachment systems to
accelerated fatigue testing. There can be no assurance, however, that the
accelerated fatigue testing accurately simulates the actual forces present
in the human body. In addition, there can be no assurance that fractures
will not occur in the redesigned attachment systems, which may not be
apparent for a substantial period of time, or that the Company will not
experience additional problems with the redesigned attachment systems. Any
future attachment system fractures that might occur could result in another
suspension or termination of clinical trials, which would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Limited Operating History; History of Losses; Substantial Additional Losses;
Fluctuations in Operating Results
The Company has a limited history of operations. Since its inception in June
1989, the Company has been primarily engaged in research and development of
the Ancure systems. The Company has experienced significant operating losses
since inception, and as of September 30, 1997, the Company's accumulated
deficit was approximately $52.9 million. The Company will incur substantial
additional losses until it can achieve significant commercial sales of its
Ancure systems which are dependent on a number of factors, including receipt
of U.S. marketing approval. There can be no assurance that the Ancure
systems or any other products of the Company will be approved, can be
successfully commercialized or that the Company will achieve significant
revenues from either international or domestic sales of such products. In
addition, there can be no assurance that the Company will achieve or sustain
profitability in the future. Failure to achieve significant revenues or
profitability would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, results
of operations have varied and are expected to fluctuate significantly from
quarter to quarter depending upon numerous factors, including the results of
clinical trials, the introduction and market acceptance of products by the
Company or competitors, international sales, the results of regulatory and
reimbursement actions, the timing of orders by distributors, the
expenditures incurred in the research and development of new products,
competitive pricing and the expansion of manufacturing capacity. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations."
Government Regulation; Significant Time Before Submission of any PMA
The Company's Ancure systems are subject to extensive regulation by FDA and
most foreign governments. The Company does not anticipate filing a PMA for
any of the Ancure systems until 1998 and does not anticipate receiving
approval for at least one year after a PMA is accepted for filing, if at
all. There can be no assurance as to when, or if, the Company will complete
clinical trials of any of its Ancure systems or that data from such trials,
if completed, will be adequate to support approval of a PMA. See "-Early
Stage of Clinical Trials; No Assurance of Safety and Efficacy" and
"-Attachment System Fractures; Suspension of Clinical Trials." Furthermore,
there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain PMA
approval on a timely basis, or at all, and delays in the receipt of or
failure to receive such approvals would have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and
could result in cessation of the Company's business.
Sales of Ancure systems outside of the United States are subject to
regulatory requirements that vary widely from country to country. The time
required to obtain approval for sale in foreign countries may be longer or
shorter than that required for FDA approval, and the requirements may
differ. In addition, there may be foreign regulatory barriers other than
premarket approval, and the FDA must approve exports of devices that require
a PMA but are not yet approved domestically. Countries in which the Company
currently markets or intends to market Ancure systems may adopt regulations
in the future that could prevent the Company from marketing its Ancure
systems in those countries. In addition, the Company may be required to
spend significant amounts of capital in order to respond to requests for
additional information by the FDA or foreign regulatory bodies or may
otherwise be required to spend significant amounts of capital in order to
obtain FDA and foreign regulatory approvals. Any such events could
substantially delay or preclude the Company from marketing its Ancure
systems in the United States or foreign countries.
Any devices manufactured or distributed by the Company pursuant to FDA
clearances or approvals are subject to pervasive and continuing regulation
by the FDA and certain state agencies. Foreign and domestic regulatory
approvals, if granted, may include significant limitations on the indicated
uses for which the product may be marketed. In addition, the FDA and certain
foreign regulatory authorities impose numerous other requirements with which
medical device manufacturers must comply. Product approvals could be
withdrawn for failure to comply with regulatory standards or the occurrence
of unforeseen problems following initial marketing. The Company is also be
required to adhere to applicable FDA regulations setting forth current
Quality Systems Regulations ("QSR")
Page 8 of 21
<PAGE> 9
requirements, which include testing, control and documentation requirements.
Ongoing compliance with QSR and other applicable regulatory requirements are
monitored through periodic inspections by state and federal agencies,
including the FDA, and by comparable agencies in other countries. Changes in
existing regulations or adoption of new regulations or policies could
prevent the Company from obtaining, or affect the timing of, future
regulatory approvals or clearances.
Substantial Dependence on Limited Product Line
The Company anticipates that for the foreseeable future it will be
substantially dependent on the successful development and commercialization
of endovascular products for AAA repair. Failure of the Company to
successfully develop and commercialize these products would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
No Assurance of Market Acceptance
There can be no assurance that the Tube, Bifurcated or Aortoiliac Ancure
systems will gain any significant degree of market acceptance among
physicians, patients or health care payors, even if necessary regulatory and
reimbursement approvals are obtained. The Company believes that
recommendations by physicians and health care payors will be essential for
market acceptance of the Ancure systems, and there can be no assurance that
any such recommendations will be obtained. Physicians will not recommend the
Tube, Bifurcated or Aortoiliac Ancure systems unless they conclude, based on
clinical data and other factors, that the Ancure systems represent an
acceptable alternative to open AAA surgical repair. In particular,
physicians may elect not to recommend the Tube, Bifurcated or Aortoiliac
Ancure procedure until such time, if ever, as successful resolution of the
attachment fractures is established and the clinical significance of
unresolved Perigraft Flow is better understood. Widespread use of the
Company's Ancure systems would require the training of numerous physicians,
and the time required to complete such training could result in a delay or
dampening of market acceptance. Even if the safety and efficacy of the
Company's Ancure systems is established, physicians may elect not to use
them for a number of reasons including unfavorable reimbursement from health
care payors. Failure of the Company's products to achieve any significant
market acceptance would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risk of Need for Substantial Additional Capital
The Company's development efforts have consumed substantial capital to date.
The Company's future liquidity and capital requirements will depend upon
numerous factors, including: the progress of clinical trials; the timing and
costs of filing future IDEs, PMAs and PMA supplements; the timing and costs
required to receive both domestic and international governmental approvals;
the extent to which the Company's products gain market acceptance; the
timing and costs of product introductions; the extent of the Company's
ongoing research and development programs; and the costs of developing
marketing and distribution capabilities, if regulatory approvals are
received. In February 1997, the Company entered into a credit agreement
pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to $30,000,000 (the "Funds"),
subject to the terms and conditions of the credit agreement. On September
16, 1997, the Company borrowed $7 million under the credit agreement. The
Company believes that the amount of Funds available thereunder, together
with existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments will allow
the Company to meet capital its requirements for at least the next 12
months. However, the credit agreement requires the Company to satisfy
certain conditions, the failure of which would prevent the Company from
drawing the Funds. Furthermore, any default by the Company under the credit
agreement would result in the acceleration of the Company's obligation to
repay any drawn Funds. In the event that the Company is unable to borrow
additional Funds under the credit agreement or repay Funds previously
borrowed on an accelerated basis, the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Furthermore, the Company may be required to seek additional debt or equity
financing. Issuance of additional equity securities could result in
substantial dilution to stockholders. There can be no assurance that such
financing will be available on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all.
The Company's inability to fund its capital requirements would have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Uncertainty Regarding Patents and Protection of Proprietary Technology
The Company holds a number of issued United States and foreign patents and
has filed a number of United States and counterpart patent applications in
other countries. There can be no assurance that the Company's United States
Page 9 of 21
<PAGE> 10
and foreign issued patents or pending applications will offer any protection
or that they will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. In
addition, there can be no assurance that competitors will not obtain patents
that will prevent, limit or interfere with the Company's ability to make,
use or sell its products either in the United States or in international
markets
The Company typically enters into confidentiality and assignment agreements
in connection with employment, consulting or advisory relationships. There
can be no assurance, however, that these agreements will not be breached or
that the Company will have adequate remedies for any breach. Furthermore, no
assurance can be given that competitors will not independently develop
substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise
gain access to the Company's proprietary technology, or that the Company can
meaningfully protect its rights in unpatented proprietary technology.
Patent applications in the United States are maintained in secrecy until
patents issue, and patent applications in foreign countries are maintained
in secrecy for a period after filing. In addition, patents issued and patent
applications filed relating to medical devices are voluminous. Accordingly,
there can be no assurance that current and potential competitors or other
third parties have not or will not file applications for, or have not or
will not receive, patents and will not obtain additional proprietary rights
relating to materials or processes used or proposed to be used by the
Company.
The Company has received letters from two medical device companies, Cook,
Inc. ("Cook") and InnerDyne Medical, Inc. ("InnerDyne"). The Cook letter,
dated July 9, 1993, suggested potential infringement of a Cook-owned patent
by future commercial sale of the Company's attachment system component of
the EndoGraft prosthesis. The Company has reviewed the Cook matter and the
Company believes that no such infringement exists. The InnerDyne letter,
dated November 2, 1994, proposed that the Company discuss licensing an
InnerDyne-owned patent that InnerDyne believed to be pertinent to the
Company's EVT Expandable Sheath. The Company has reviewed the InnerDyne
matter and the Company believes that it is not necessary to enter into a
licensing arrangement with InnerDyne. There can be no assurance, however,
that the Company's products do not infringe upon the patent rights or other
intellectual property rights of Cook, InnerDyne or other companies, that the
Company will not be required to seek licenses from these or other companies
or that these or other companies will not bring claims of infringement
against the Company. Although patent and intellectual property disputes in
the medical device industry have sometimes been settled through licensing or
similar arrangements, costs associated with such arrangements may be
substantial and could include ongoing royalties. There can be no assurance
that necessary licenses would be available to the Company on satisfactory
terms or at all. Furthermore, any litigation or administrative proceeding
could result in substantial costs to the Company and distraction of the
Company's management, even if the Company ultimately prevails in such
litigation. An adverse ruling in any litigation or administrative proceeding
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations.
If any relevant claims of third-party patents are upheld as valid and
enforceable, the Company could be prevented from practicing the subject
matter claimed in such patents, or would be required to obtain licenses or
to redesign its products or processes to avoid infringement. There can be no
assurance that such licenses would be available at all or on terms
acceptable to the Company or that the Company could redesign its products or
processes to avoid infringement. Litigation may be necessary to defend
against claims of infringement, to enforce patents issued to the Company or
to protect trade secrets and could result in substantial cost to, and
diversion of effort by, the Company.
Volatility of Stock Price
The market price for the Company's Common Stock has been subject to
significant fluctuations and may be volatile in the future. The Company
believes that factors such as announcements of developments related to the
Company's business, announcements of clinical results, regulatory approvals,
technological innovations or new products or enhancements by the Company or
its competitors, developments in the Company's relationships with its
customers, partners, distributors, and suppliers, changes in analysts'
estimates, regulatory developments, political and economic instability,
fluctuations in results of operations and general conditions in the
Company's market or the markets served by the Company's customers or the
economy could cause the price of the Company's Common Stock to fluctuate,
perhaps substantially. The Company may be particularly vulnerable to
fluctuations in the market price of its Common Stock given the substantial
amount of time before it may achieve significant revenues from commercial
sales of its products. In addition, in recent years the stock market in
general, and the market for shares of small capitalization health care
stocks in particular, have experienced extreme price fluctuations, which
have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected
companies. Such fluctuations could adversely affect the market
Page 10 of 21
<PAGE> 11
price of the Company's Common Stock. There can be no assurance that the
market price of the Company's Common Stock will not continue to experience
significant fluctuations in the future, including fluctuations that are
unrelated to the Company's performance. Further, it is likely that in some
future quarter the Company's net sales or operating results will be below
the expectations of public market analysts and investors. In such event, the
price of the Company's Common Stock would likely be materially adversely
affected.
Risks Associated with International Sales
International sales are expected to account for a substantial portion of the
Company's revenues in the foreseeable future. A number of risks are inherent
in international transactions. International sales may be limited or
disrupted by the imposition of government controls, export license
requirements, economic or political instability, trade restrictions, changes
in tariffs or difficulties in staffing and management. Additionally,
although the Company's sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely
affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates as well as increases in
duty rates and difficulties in obtaining export licenses. The financial
condition, expertise and performance of the Company's international
distributors and any future international distributors could affect sales of
the Company's products internationally and could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Dependence on Key Suppliers; Limited Manufacturing Experience
The Company uses or relies on sole source suppliers for certain components
and services used to manufacture its Ancure systems. The Company utilizes
materials supplied by third parties, including raw material manufactured by
Dow Chemical Co. ("Dow Chemical") and DuPont, in its products. In recent
years, in the wake of litigation surrounding silicone breast implants, both
Dow Chemical and DuPont have ceased supplying chemical raw materials for use
in implantable medical devices, including DuPont raw material used to
produce the graft material utilized in the Company's EndoGraft prostheses.
There can be no assurance that use of such graft material by the Company
will not be restricted or that the Company will be able to obtain additional
quantities of such graft material in the future. Moreover, the continued use
by the Company of graft material based on chemical raw materials
manufactured by third parties could subject the Company to liability
exposure. The Company believes that the cessation of the supply of
components and materials for implantable medical devices may be addressed
through legislative action. There can be no assurance that such legislative
action will occur on a timely basis, if at all. The establishment of
additional or replacement suppliers for certain of these components of raw
materials cannot be accomplished quickly, particularly because of the time
and effort required to obtain FDA approval to use materials from alternative
suppliers. Although the Company routinely attempts to identify primary and
alternative vendors, the qualification of additional or replacement vendors
for certain components or services is a lengthy process. Any significant
supply interruption would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
ability to manufacture its products and, therefore, a material adverse
effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company manufactures its products at its Menlo Park, California
facility. To date, the Company's manufacturing activities have consisted
primarily of producing limited quantities of products for use in clinical
trials and controlled market release. The manufacture of the Company's
products is a complex and costly operation involving a number of separate
processes and components. Certain manufacturing processes of the Ancure
systems are labor intensive and achieving significant cost reductions will
depend in part upon reducing the time required to complete these processes.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve cost
reductions in the manufacture of its products. The Company does not have
experience in manufacturing its products in the commercial quantities that
might be required if the Company receives PMA approval. Manufacturers often
encounter difficulties in scaling up manufacturing of new products,
including problems involving product yields, quality control and assurance,
component and service availability, adequacy of control policies and
procedures and lack of qualified personnel. The Company has and will
continue to consider as appropriate the internal manufacture of components
currently provided by third parties, as well as the implementation of new
production processes. There can be no assurance that manufacturing yields or
costs will not be adversely affected by the transition to in-house
production or to new production processes when and if such efforts are
undertaken, and thereby materially and adversely affect the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Limitations on Third-Party Reimbursement
In the United States, the Company's products will be purchased primarily by
medical institutions which then bill various third-party payors, such as
Medicare, Medicaid and other government programs and private insurance
plans, for the health care services provided to their patients. Medicare
traditionally has considered items or services
Page 11 of 21
<PAGE> 12
involving devices that have not been approved or cleared for marketing by
the FDA to be precluded from Medicare coverage. There can be no assurance,
however, that any of the Ancure systems and related services will be covered
when they are used in clinical trials and, if covered, whether the payment
amounts for their use will be considered to be adequate by hospitals and
physicians. If the devices are not covered or the payments are considered to
be inadequate, the Company may need to bear additional costs to sponsor such
trials, and such costs could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if a device
has received approval or clearance for marketing by the FDA, there can be no
assurance that Medicare will cover the device and related services.
Furthermore, Medicare may place certain restrictions on the circumstances in
which coverage will be available. Limited or no coverage of the Company's
products would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Acute care hospitals are now generally reimbursed by Medicare for inpatient
operating costs under a prospective payment system ("PPS"). Under PPS, acute
care hospitals receive a prospectively determined payment amount for each
covered inpatient based upon the Diagnosis-Related Group ("DRG") to which
the patient is assigned, regardless of the actual cost of the services
provided. The Health Care Financing Administration ("HCFA") has not made any
decision concerning which DRG will be generally assigned to patients who
undergo AAA diagnosis and endovascular repair procedures in which the
Company's products are used, and there can be no assurance that the DRG to
which such patients will be assigned will result in Medicare payment levels
that are considered by hospitals to be adequate. Because the DRG system is
also used by other government and private payors, HCFA's decision concerning
the DRG assignment for these patients also may affect the amount of payment
made by other payors.
Physician services are reimbursed by Medicare based on a physician fee
schedule which has not been determined for AAA diagnosis and endovascular
repair procedures in which the Company's products are used. There can be no
assurance that the physicians fee schedule for endovascular AAA procedures
using the Company's products will result in Medicare payment levels that
physicians consider to be adequate. In addition, Medicare payment levels are
used by many other third-party payors in addition to Medicare. Failure by
hospitals and physicians to receive what they consider to be adequate
reimbursement for AAA diagnosis and repair procedures in which the Company's
products are used would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. See
"Business-Government Regulation."
Competition
The Company expects that significant competition in the endovascular
grafting market will develop. There are many large companies, with
significantly greater financial, manufacturing, marketing, distribution and
technical resources and experience than the Company, focusing on the
development of endovascular technology. Many of these companies have
vascular stents, as well as vascular graft and catheter technologies that
may be applicable to endovascular repair. The Company may compete against a
number of these companies including: Boston Scientific Corporation;
Medtronic Corporation; Pfizer Corporation; Johnson & Johnson; C.R. Bard,
Inc.; and United States Surgical Corporation. Several of these companies
have designed and developed products that compete directly with the
Company's products. There can be no assurance that one or more of these or
other companies will not develop technologies that are more effective or
less costly than the Company's products, or that would otherwise render the
Company's products and technology non-competitive or obsolete. Such
competition could have a material, adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company's
products could be rendered obsolete as a result of future innovations in AAA
surgical techniques, which could have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Any product developed by the Company that gains regulatory approval will
have to compete for market acceptance and market share. An important factor
in such competition may be the timing of market introduction of competitive
products. Accordingly, the relative speeds with which the Company can
develop products, complete clinical testing and regulatory approval
processes, gain reimbursement acceptance and supply commercial quantities of
the product to the market are expected to be important competitive factors.
In addition, the Company believes that the primary competitive factors in
the market for endovascular grafting products are safety, long-term
efficacy, ease of delivery, reliability, innovation and price. The Company
also believes that physician relationships and customer support are
important competitive factors. There can be no assurance that the Company's
competitive position will be maintained or that the Company will be first to
market endovascular products for the treatment of AAA's in the United
States.
Risk of Technological Obsolescence
Page 12 of 21
<PAGE> 13
The medical device industry is characterized by rapid and significant
technological change. There can be no assurance that third parties will not
succeed in developing or marketing technologies and products that are more
effective than those developed or marketed by the Company or that would
render the Company's technology and products obsolete or noncompetitive.
Additionally, new less invasive surgical procedures and medications could be
developed that replace or reduce the importance of current procedures that
use the Company's products. Accordingly, the Company's success will depend
in part on its ability to respond quickly to medical and technological
changes through the development and introduction of new products. Product
development involves a high degree of risk and there can be no assurance
that the Company's new product development efforts will result in any
commercially successful products.
Risk of Federal Reform of Health Care
There are widespread efforts to control health care costs in the United
States on the federal, state and local levels. For example, the U.S.
Congress is currently considering various legislative proposals to reform
the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Current proposals call for reductions in
the annual updates for hospital PPS rates and physician reimbursement rates,
reductions in the amount of added payments made to teaching hospitals and
hospitals that serve a disproportionate share of low-income persons,
increased incentives and opportunities for Medicare beneficiaries to obtain
their benefits through managed care plans, and the establishment of a "block
grant" program that would give states greater discretion in designing and
administering state Medicaid programs. If enacted into law, any of these
proposals could affect the amount of Medicare and Medicaid payment that is
made to hospitals and physicians and, in turn, demand for the Company's
products. Lower demand for the Company's products resulting from federal
healthcare reform could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Limited Sales and Marketing Experience; Dependence on International
Distributors
The Company currently has a small sales and marketing function and has
limited experience in marketing and selling its Ancure systems. There can be
no assurance that the Company will be able to recruit and train adequate
sales and marketing personnel. The Company plans to rely on distributors for
substantially all of its international sales. Any foreign sales by the
Company may be subject to certain risks, including exchange rate
fluctuations, international monetary conditions, tariffs, import licenses,
trade policies, domestic and foreign tax policies and foreign medical
regulations. The loss of major international distributors could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Product Liability and Availability of Insurance
The clinical use and sale of the Company's products involve significant risk
of product liability claims. There can be no assurance that the coverage
limits of the Company's insurance policies will be adequate. Product
liability insurance is expensive and in the future may not be available to
the Company on acceptable terms or at all. While there have been no product
liability claims to date, there can be no assurance that a product liability
claim will not be brought against the Company either for injuries occurring
in the past or in the future, including, but not limited to, injuries due to
fractures in the attachment system of the Tube EndoGraft prosthesis. A
successful claim brought against the Company in excess of its insurance
coverage could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. See "-Attachment System
Fractures:
Suspension of Clinical Trials in 1995."
Dependence on Key Personnel
The Company's future business and operating results depend in significant
part upon the continued contributions of its key technical personnel and
senior management, many of whom would be difficult to replace. None of such
persons is subject to a noncompete agreement. The Company's business and
future operating results also depend in significant part upon its ability to
attract and retain qualified management, manufacturing, technical, marketing
and sales and support personnel for its operations. Competition for such
personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be
successful in attracting or retaining such personnel. The loss of key
employees, the failure of any key employee to perform or the Company's
inability to attract and retain skilled employees, as needed, could
materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Influence by Officers, Directors and Principal Stockholders
Page 13 of 21
<PAGE> 14
The Company's officers, directors and principal stockholders beneficially
own a significant portion of the Company's Common Stock (assuming exercise
of immediately exercisable options held by such directors and officers). As
a result, such persons may have the ability to influence the Company and
direct its affairs and business. Such concentration of ownership may also
have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of
the Company.
Anti-takeover Effects of Certain Charter Provisions, Delaware Law and Rights
Plan
Under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors has
the power to authorize the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of Preferred
Stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without further vote
or action by the stockholders. The rights of the holders of Common Stock
will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the
holders of any Preferred Stock that may be issued in the future. The
issuance of Preferred Stock, while providing desirable flexibility in
connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, may have
the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the
Company, may discourage bids for the Common Stock at a premium over the
market price of the Common Stock and may adversely affect the market price
of and the voting or other rights of the holders of the Common Stock. The
Company has no present plans to issue shares of Preferred Stock. In
addition, the Company's Certificate of Incorporation provides for a
classified Board of Directors such that approximately only one-third of the
members of the Board are elected at each annual meeting of stockholders.
Classified Boards may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging
changes in control of the Company. Further, certain provisions of the
Company's Bylaws and of Delaware law could discourage, delay or prevent a
merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving the Company. Furthermore,
the Company has adopted a stockholder rights plan that, in conjunction with
certain provisions of the Company's charter documents and Delaware law,
could delay or make more difficult a merger, tender offer, or proxy contest
involving the Company.
Absence of Dividends
The Company has never paid cash dividends and does not anticipate paying
cash dividends on the Common Stock in the foreseeable future. In addition,
the Company entered into a credit agreement in February 1997, pursuant to
which the Company the Company has agreed not to make or declare any
dividends on the Common Stock for so long as it is indebted under such
credit agreement. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources."
Page 14 of 21
<PAGE> 15
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
This report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks
and uncertainties. The Company's actual results may differ materially from the
results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause
such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in "Risk
Factors".
OVERVIEW
Since its inception in June 1989, the Company has been engaged in the research
and development of its Ancure systems and related technology for the
endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. To date, the Company has
generated limited revenues and has been unprofitable since inception. The
Company does not expect to begin generating significant revenues from sales of
its products until it receives U.S. marketing approval and market launch, and
will continue to incur substantial losses for the next several years.
Furthermore, the Company expects its expenses in all categories to increase as
its clinical trials and other business activities expand.
The research, manufacture, sale and distribution of medical devices such as the
Company's Ancure systems are subject to numerous regulations imposed by
governmental authorities, principally FDA and corresponding state and foreign
agencies. The regulatory process is lengthy, expensive and uncertain. FDA
approval of a PMA application is required before any Ancure system can be
marketed in the United States. Securing FDA approvals and clearances will
require submission to the FDA of extensive clinical data and technical
information. Many foreign governments and the European Union also have a review
process for medical devices.
The Company commenced U.S. clinical trials of its original Tube Ancure system in
February 1993 and its Bifurcated Ancure system in September 1994. Following
suspension of all clinical trials in January 1995 due to attachment system
fractures, and after receiving FDA clearance to re-initiate clinical trials, the
Company re-initiated Phase II clinical trials of the Tube Ancure system in
November 1995 and reached its Phase II target enrollment in January 1997. The
Company re-initiated Phase I clinical trials of the Bifurcated Ancure system in
December 1995. In June 1996, the Phase I clinical trial of the Bifurcated Ancure
system was completed, and the Phase II clinical trial of that device was
initiated in August 1996 and reached its Phase II target enrollment in April
1997. Patient enrollment in each of these Phase II trials is continuing.
Additional clinical testing of the Tube and Bifurcated Ancure systems is
required and the Company does not believe it will be able to complete clinical
trials of, obtain regulatory approval for, and begin commercial sales of its
Ancure systems in the United States before mid-1999, if ever.
In October 1996, the Company received approval from the FDA to begin Phase II
clinical trials of the Aortoiliac Ancure system, bypassing the Phase I trial.
The Aortoiliac Ancure system utilizes an endovascular prosthesis that is a
hybrid between the Company's Tube EndoGraft and Bifurcated EndoGraft. The device
is designed to address aneurysms in which one iliac artery is unsuitable for
endovascular attachment of an implant.
In June 1995, the Company became ISO 9001/EN 46001 certified and in May 1997
received CE Mark approval from an independent Dutch Notified Body for Medical
Devices to market its products throughout the European Community. The Company
anticipates that a substantial portion of its revenues from product sales over
the next year will be derived from international sales through a distributor
network. Any such international sales will be subject to a number of risks,
including exchange rate fluctuations, international monetary conditions,
tariffs, import licenses, trade policies, domestic and foreign tax policies and
foreign medical regulations.
There can be no assurance that the Company's research and development efforts
will be successfully completed. Given that the Company is in clinical testing,
there can be no assurance that the Company's Ancure systems will be shown to be
safe and effective. Accordingly, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood
that its products will be approved for marketing by FDA, and there can be no
assurance that the Company will ever achieve either significant revenues from
sales of its Ancure systems or profitable operations.
On October 5, 1997 a definitive merger agreement was signed for Guidant
Corporation ("Guidant") to acquire the Company. The transaction will be a
tax-free, stock-for-stock exchange, and will be accounted for as a pooling of
interests transaction. As a result of the Merger, Company stockholders will have
the right to receive, in exchange for each share of Company Common Stock they
own, the number of shares of Guidant Common Stock determined by dividing $20.00
by the average price of a share of Guidant Common Stock during a specified
period. However, if the average price of a share of Guidant Common Stock during
a specified period is greater than or equal to $46.63 but less than or equal to
$51.75, then Company stockholders will have the right to receive, in exchange
for each share of Company Common Stock they own, 0.3865 of a share of Guidant
Common Stock, and if the average price of a share of Guidant Common Stock during
a specified period is less than $46.63, then Company stockholders will have the
right to receive, in exchange for each share of Company common
Page 15 of 21
<PAGE> 16
Stock they own, the number of share of Guidant Common Stock determined by
dividing $18.00 by the average price of a share of Guidant Common Stock during a
specified period. The merger is subject to certain closing conditions, including
stockholder approval.
Results of operations will fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and
will depend upon, among other factors: actions relating to foreign and domestic
regulatory and reimbursement matters; the extent to which the Company's products
gain market acceptance; the rate at which the Company establishes its
international distributor network; the progress of clinical trials; and
introduction of competing products or alternative treatments for AAA. See "Risk
Factors - Limited Operating History; History of Losses; Substantial Additional
Losses; Fluctuations in Operating Results."
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three and Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 1997 and September 30, 1996
In 1996, the Company began recognizing revenue on sales of its products used in
clinical trials. During the three month period ended September 30, 1997, the
Company recognized approximately $940,000 in sales, 34% of which were
international sales. For the same period in 1996, the Company recognized
$303,500 in sales, 29% of which were international sales.
During the nine month period ended September 30, 1997, the Company recognized
approximately $2,627,000 in sales, 36% of which were international sales. For
the same period in 1996, the Company recognized $659,000 in sales, 27% of which
were international sales. The international sales price to European distributors
ranges from approximately 50% to 60% of the U.S. price. Revenue, in U.S.
clinical trials, is recognized only upon successful implantation of an EndoGraft
prosthesis.
Gross margin for the three month period ended September 30, 1997 was
approximately $107,000, or 11% of product sales. Negative gross margin for the
three month period ended September 30, 1996 was approximately $66,000, or 22% of
product sales. Gross margin for the nine month period ended September 30, 1997
was approximately $236,000, or 9% of product sales. Negative gross margin for
the nine month period ended September 30, 1996 was approximately $142,000, or
22% of product sales. A positive gross margin was reported for the first nine
months of 1997 due to higher sales volume. Higher volume allows fixed costs to
be spread over a greater number of units, thereby decreasing the cost per unit.
The negative gross margin reported in 1996 reflected the Company's early stage
of manufacturing.
Research and development expenses include research, development, clinical and
regulatory expenses and certain manufacturing and quality expenses. Research and
development for the three month period ended September 30, 1997 increased to
approximately $5,031,000 from approximately $3,178,000 for the comparable three
month period in 1996. The increase in spending was due primarily to expedited
PMA preparation activities as well as higher clinical trial costs, which is
directly related to the increased sales volume in the U.S. The balance of the
increased spending is due primarily to personnel costs associated with headcount
increases. These same factors primarily account for the increase in the nine
month period ended September 30, 1997 to approximately $12,355,000 from
approximately $8,466,000 in the comparable nine month period in 1996. The
Company believes that research and development expenses will continue to
increase in the future due to clinical trial expenses and continuing research
spending and regulatory requirements.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to approximately
$1,238,000 during the three month period ended September 30, 1997 from
approximately $552,000 for the comparable three month period in 1996. The 1997
period includes the costs associated with the Company's European operations.
Increases in personnel account for the balance of the increased spending. For
the nine month period ended September 30, 1997, selling, general and
administrative expenses increased to approximately $3,670,000 from approximately
$1,680,000 for the same period in 1996. The increase in spending was due
primarily to increased sales and marketing expenses and includes the costs
associated with the Company's European operations. Increases in personnel
account for the balance of the increased spending. The Company anticipates
continued increases in administrative expenses due to the increased level of
business activities.
The net loss of approximately $6,113,000 for the three months ended September
30, 1997 was greater than the net loss of approximately $3,507,000 for the
comparable period in 1996 due primarily to the increase in research and
development spending, principally related to clinical trial costs and expedited
PMA preparation activities, as well as the establishment of a marketing
organization in Europe. Similarly, for the nine months ended September 30, 1997,
the net loss of approximately $15,380,000 has increased from approximately
$9,399,000 reported for the nine month period ended September 30, 1996,
primarily due to the same factors mentioned above for the three month period
ending on the same date.
The Company has not incurred any income tax expense since inception due to its
history of operating losses.
Page 16 of 21
<PAGE> 17
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
In February 1996, the Company completed an initial public offering of two
million shares of Common Stock with net proceeds to the Company of approximately
$21.6 million after deducting the underwriters discount, commissions and
offering expenses. Cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities were
approximately $9.7 million at September 30, 1997.
Cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 1997
increased to approximately $14,855,000 from approximately $8,766,000 for the
comparable period in 1996, related to increased spending for research and
development expenditures, primarily clinical trials costs, expedited PMA
preparation activities, and personnel related costs, and the establishment of a
marketing organization in Europe.
Cash used for purchases of property and equipment in the nine month period ended
September 30, 1997 was approximately $1,325,000, as compared to approximately
$1,280,000 for the same period in 1996. The 1996 period includes costs
associated with a facilities expansion and the 1997 period includes development
payments on a software diagnostic project that is targeted to provide 3-D
modeling of patient anatomy to assist in selection, delivery and implantation of
the Company's products.
In February 1997, the Company secured a credit facility of $30 million (the
"Funds"). The credit agreement requires the Company to satisfy certain
conditions, the failure of which would prevent the Company from drawing the
Funds. Furthermore, any default by the Company under the credit agreement would
result in the acceleration of the Company's obligation to repay any drawn Funds.
During the three month period ended September 30, 1997, the Company drew down $7
million on this credit facility. In the event that the Company is unable to
borrow additional Funds or repay Funds previously borrowed on an accelerated
basis, the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations
could be materially adversely affected. Pursuant to the credit agreement the
Company has agreed not to make or declare any dividends on the Common Stock for
so long as it is indebted under such agreement.
The Company expects to continue to incur substantial expenses in support of
additional research and development activities, including costs of clinical
studies, manufacturing, the establishment of a sales and marketing organization
and ongoing administrative activities. The Company anticipates that pre-existing
cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities and capital
available under its credit facility will be sufficient to fund its operations
and planned new product development, including increased working capital
expenditures, through the next 12 months.
The Company's cash requirements may vary materially from those now planned
because of results of research, development, and clinical testing, the
development of regulatory submissions and the FDA regulatory process, the
development of commercial-scale manufacturing capability, the development of
sales, distribution and marketing capabilities, and other factors. The Company
may be required to seek additional funds through debt or equity financing.
Issuance of additional equity securities could result in substantial dilution to
stockholders. There can be no assurance that such financing will be available on
terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. In the event that the merger
agreement with Guidant (see Note 3 to Financial Statements) is completed in a
timely manner, no additional funds will be required either through debt or
equity financing. The Company's inability to fund its capital requirements would
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations. The Company may also enter into collaborative
arrangements with corporate partners that could provide the Company with
additional funding.
Page 17 of 21
<PAGE> 18
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
See Note 3 of Notes to Financial Statements
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
a) Exhibits
See Exhibit Index on Page 20
b) Reports on form 8-K
There were no reports filed of Form 8-K during the quarterly period
ended September 30, 1997.
Page 18 of 21
<PAGE> 19
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
-------------------------------
(Registrant)
Date: November 10, 1997 /s/ W. James Fitzsimmons
-------------------- --------------------------------------------
W. James Fitzsimmons
President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 10, 1997 /s/ G. Bradley Cole
-------------------- -------------------------------------------
G. Bradley Cole
Senior Vice President of Operations and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Page 19 of 21
<PAGE> 20
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
EXHIBIT INDEX
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
- ----------- ----------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger by and amoung Guidant
Corporation, Ski Acquisition Corp., and the Company dated
October 5, 1997.
*3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
****3.2 Bylaws of the Company.
****4.1 Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.
*4.2 Specimen Common Stock certificate.
*4.3 Fourth Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated
August 15, 1994, among the Company and the investors and the
founders named therein.
****4.4 Credit Agreement between the Company and Guidant Corporation,
dated February 28, 1997.
*10.1 Form of Indemnification Agreement.
*10.2 1989 Stock Option Plan.
*10.3 1995 Stock Option Plan.
*10.4 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
*10.5 1996 Incentive Compensation Plan.
*10.6 Employment agreement between the Company and W. James Fitzsimmons.
*10.7 Employment agreement between the Company and Victor M. Bernhard.
**10.8 Employment agreement between the Company and Ronald R. Giannotti.
***10.9 Employment agreement between the Company and Elizabeth A. McDermott.
**10.10 Lease by and between Menlo Business Park and Patrician
Associates, Inc. and the Company, as amended by First
Amendment to Lease Agreement, dated February 26, 1996.
****10.11 Rights Agreement between the Company and ChaseMellon
Shareholder Services dated February 5, 1997.
****10.12 Promissory Note Secured by Second Deed of Trust between the
Company and Ronald R. Giannotti dated February 9, 1997.
****10.13 Officer Severance Plan and Summary Plan Description effective
September 24, 1996.
****10.14 Multimedia Development Agreement between the Company and
Engineering Animation, Inc. dated March 19, 1997.
*****10.15 Promissory Note Secured by Second Deed of Trust between the
Company and Lori E. Adels dated April 11, 1997.
10.16 Amendment to Rights Agreement between the Company and
ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, dated October 5, 1997.
11.1 Computation of Net Loss Per Share. 21
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
</TABLE>
- ----------
* Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1, as amended, (File No. 33-80557) declared effective
by the Commission on February 6, 1996.
** Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to the Company Annual Report on
Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 29, 1996.
*** Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to the Company Report on Form
10-Q filed with the Commission on November 12, 1996.
**** Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to the Company Annual Report on
Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 28, 1997.
***** Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to the Company Form 10-Q filed
with the Commission on May 15, 1997.
Page 20 of 21
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 2.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
BY AND AMONG
GUIDANT CORPORATION
SKI ACQUISITION CORP.
AND
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
DATED AS OF OCTOBER 5, 1997
<PAGE> 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE NO.
<S> <C> <C>
ARTICLE 1 THE MERGER........................................................................1
1.1 The Merger......................................................................1
1.2 The Closing.....................................................................2
1.3 Effective Time..................................................................2
1.4 Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws.........................................2
1.5 Directors of the Surviving Corporation..........................................2
1.6 Officers of the Surviving Corporation...........................................2
ARTICLE 2 CONVERSION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES.............................................3
2.1 Merger Sub Stock................................................................3
2.2 EVT Stock.......................................................................3
2.3 Exchange of Certificates Representing EVT Common Stock..........................4
2.4 Adjustment of Exchange Ratio....................................................7
ARTICLE 3 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF EVT.............................................7
3.1 Existence; Good Standing; Corporate Authority; Compliance With Law..............7
3.2 Authorization, Validity and Effect of Agreements................................8
3.3 Capitalization..................................................................8
3.4 Subsidiaries....................................................................9
3.5 Other Interests.................................................................9
3.6 No Violation....................................................................9
3.7 SEC Documents...................................................................9
3.8 Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Trade Secrets..............................10
3.9 Investigations; Litigation.....................................................11
3.10 Governmental Approvals........................................................11
3.11 Absence of Certain Changes....................................................11
3.12 Taxes and Tax Returns.........................................................12
3.13 Material Contracts............................................................14
3.14 Employee Benefit Plans........................................................14
3.15 Labor Matters.................................................................16
3.16 Guidant Stock Ownership.......................................................16
3.17 Pooling of Interests; Tax Reorganization......................................16
3.18 Environmental Matters.........................................................16
3.19 State Takeover Statutes and Shareholder Rights Plan...........................16
3.20 No Brokers....................................................................17
3.21 Opinion of Financial Advisor..................................................17
3.22 Affiliates....................................................................17
</TABLE>
i
<PAGE> 3
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF GUIDANT AND MERGER SUB.........................17
4.1 Existence; Good Standing; Corporate Authority; Compliance With Law.............17
4.2 Authorization, Validity and Effect of Agreements...............................18
4.3 Capitalization.................................................................18
4.4 Merger Sub.....................................................................19
4.5 No Violation...................................................................19
4.6 SEC Documents..................................................................19
4.7 Investigations; Litigation.....................................................20
4.8 Absence of Certain Changes.....................................................20
4.9 No Brokers.....................................................................20
4.10 Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Trade Secrets.............................20
4.11 Pooling of Interests; Tax Reorganization......................................21
ARTICLE 5 COVENANTS........................................................................21
5.1 Alternative Proposals..........................................................21
5.2 Interim Operations.............................................................22
5.3 Meeting of Stockholders........................................................24
5.4 Filings; Other Actions.........................................................25
5.5 Inspection of Records..........................................................25
5.6 Publicity......................................................................25
5.7 Registration Statement.........................................................25
5.8 Listing Application............................................................26
5.9 Affiliate Letters..............................................................26
5.10 Expenses......................................................................27
5.11 Certain Transaction Related Fees..............................................27
5.12 Directors' and Officers' Indemnification and Insurance........................27
5.13 Reorganization................................................................28
5.14 Shareholder Rights Plan and Takeover Statutes.................................28
5.15 Support Agreement Legend......................................................28
5.16 Conveyance Taxes..............................................................28
5.17 Transfer Taxes................................................................28
5.18 Company Employee Stock Purchase Plan..........................................29
5.19 Benefit Arrangements..........................................................29
ARTICLE 6 CONDITIONS.......................................................................30
6.1 Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the Merger.....................30
6.2 Conditions to Obligation of EVT to Effect the Merger...........................31
6.3 Conditions to Obligation of Guidant and Merger Sub to Effect the Merger........31
ARTICLE 7 TERMINATION......................................................................32
7.1 Termination by Mutual Consent..................................................32
7.2 Termination by Either Guidant or EVT...........................................32
7.3 Termination by EVT.............................................................32
7.4 Termination by Guidant.........................................................33
</TABLE>
ii
<PAGE> 4
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
7.5 Effect of Termination and Abandonment..........................................33
7.6 Extension; Waiver..............................................................34
7.7 Certain Rights of Guidant......................................................34
ARTICLE 8 GENERAL PROVISIONS...............................................................34
8.1 Nonsurvival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements......................34
8.2 Notices........................................................................34
8.3 Assignment; Binding Effect.....................................................35
8.4 Entire Agreement...............................................................35
8.5 Amendment......................................................................36
8.6 Governing Law..................................................................36
8.7 Counterparts...................................................................36
8.8 Headings.......................................................................36
8.9 Interpretation.................................................................36
8.10 Waivers.......................................................................36
8.11 Incorporation of Exhibits.....................................................36
8.12 Severability..................................................................36
8.13 Enforcement of Agreement......................................................36
8.14 Subsidiaries..................................................................37
8.15 Other.........................................................................37
EXHIBIT A Form of Affiliate Letter
SCHEDULES
EVT Disclosures Schedules
3.4. Subsidiaries
3.8. Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Trade Secrets
3.9. Investigations; Litigation
3.10 Governmental Approvals
3.13 Material Contracts
3.14 Employee Benefit Plans
3.22 Affiliates
Guidant Disclosure Schedules
4.7 Investigations; Litigation
</TABLE>
iii
<PAGE> 5
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement"), dated as of
October 5, 1997, between Guidant Corporation, an Indiana corporation
("Guidant"), Ski Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned
subsidiary of Guidant ("Merger Sub"), and EndoVascular Technologies, Inc., a
Delaware corporation ("EVT").
RECITALS
A. Guidant and EVT each have determined that a business
combination between Guidant and EVT is in the best interests of their respective
companies and stockholders and presents an opportunity for their respective
companies to achieve long-term strategic and financial benefits, and accordingly
have agreed to effect the merger provided for herein upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth herein.
B. Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, in order to
induce Guidant and Merger Sub to enter into the Agreement, certain stockholders
of EVT are entering into support agreements (each a "Support Agreement") with
Guidant, providing for certain voting and other restrictions with respect to the
shares of EVT Common Stock (as defined herein) beneficially owned by them upon
the terms and conditions specified therein.
C. It is intended that for federal income tax purposes, the
merger provided for herein shall qualify as a reorganization within the meaning
of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code")
and for accounting purposes as a pooling of interests.
D. Merger Sub is a wholly owned subsidiary of Guidant and has
been formed solely to facilitate the Merger (as defined herein) and has
conducted and will conduct no business or activity other than in connection with
the Merger.
E. The parties intend to cause the Merger to be accounted for as
a pooling of interests pursuant to APB Opinion No. 16, Staff Accounting Series
Releases 130, 135 and 146 and Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic Two.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, and of the
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein, the
parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
THE MERGER
1.1 THE MERGER. Subject to the terms and conditions of this
Agreement, at the Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.3), Merger Sub shall
be merged with and into EVT in
<PAGE> 6
accordance with this Agreement, and the separate corporate existence of Merger
Sub shall thereupon cease (the "Merger"). EVT shall be the surviving corporation
in the Merger (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the "Surviving Corporation")
and will be a wholly owned subsidiary of Guidant. The Merger shall have the
effects specified in the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL").
1.2 THE CLOSING. Subject to the terms and conditions of this
Agreement, the closing of the Merger (the "Closing") shall take place (a) at the
offices of Dewey Ballantine LLP, 1301 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New
York, at 10:00 a.m., local time, on the first business day immediately following
the day on which the last to be fulfilled or waived of the conditions set forth
in Article 6 shall be fulfilled or waived in accordance herewith or (b) at such
other time, date or place as Guidant and EVT may agree in writing. The date on
which the Closing occurs is hereinafter referred to as the "Closing Date."
1.3 EFFECTIVE TIME. If all the conditions set forth in Article 6
shall have been fulfilled or waived in accordance herewith and this Agreement
shall not have been terminated as provided in Article 7, the parties hereto
shall cause a Certificate of Merger meeting the requirements of Section 251 of
the DGCL to be properly executed and filed in accordance with such Section on
the Closing Date. The Merger shall become effective at the time of filing of the
Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in
accordance with the DGCL or at such later time which the parties hereto shall
have agreed upon and designated in such filing as the effective time of the
Merger (the "Effective Time").
1.4 CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS. After the Effective
Time, (i) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be
amended and restated in its entirety to read as the Certificate of Incorporation
of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall provide that the
name of the corporation be "EndoVascular Technologies, Inc." and (ii) the Bylaws
of the Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall
be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until duly amended in accordance with
applicable law.
1.5 DIRECTORS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION. The directors of
Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the
Surviving Corporation as of the Effective Time and until their successors are
duly appointed or elected in accordance with applicable law.
1.6 OFFICERS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION. The officers of EVT
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving
Corporation as of the Effective Time and until their successors are duly
appointed or elected in accordance with applicable law.
2
<PAGE> 7
ARTICLE 2
CONVERSION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES
2.1 MERGER SUB STOCK. At the Effective Time, each share of common
stock, par value $.01 per share, of Merger Sub outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall be converted into and exchanged for one validly issued,
fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $.01 per share,
of the Surviving Corporation.
2.2 EVT STOCK. (a) At the Effective Time, each share of common
stock, par value $.00001 per share, of EVT (the "EVT Common Stock") issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, by virtue of the
Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be converted
into the right to receive such number or fraction of a number, rounded to four
decimal places (the "Exchange Ratio"), of shares of common stock, without par
value, of Guidant (the "Guidant Common Stock") that equals the result obtained
by dividing $20.00 by the "Closing Price" (the "Exchange Consideration");
provided, however, that if the Closing Price shall be greater than or equal to
$46.63 but less than or equal to $51.75, then the Exchange Ratio shall be fixed
at 0.3865; provided, further, that if the Closing Price shall be less than
$46.63, then the Exchange Ratio shall be the result obtained by dividing $18.00
by the Closing Price.
"Closing Price" means the average closing price of Guidant Common
Stock, rounded to four decimal places, as reported in The Wall Street Journal's
New York Stock Exchange Composite Transaction Reports, for each of the 10
consecutive Trading Days immediately preceding the third Trading Day prior to
the EVT Stockholders Meeting (as defined in Section 5.3). "Trading Day" means a
day on which the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (the "NYSE") is open for trading.
(b) As a result of the Merger and without any action on
the part of the holder thereof, at the Effective Time, all shares of EVT Common
Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to be
outstanding and shall cease to exist, and each holder of shares of EVT Common
Stock shall thereafter cease to have any rights with respect to such shares of
EVT Common Stock, except the right to receive, without interest, the Exchange
Consideration and cash for fractional shares of Guidant Common Stock in
accordance with Sections 2.3(b) and 2.3(e) upon the surrender of a certificate
(a "Certificate") representing such shares of EVT Common Stock.
(c) Each share of EVT Common Stock issued and held in
EVT's treasury at the Effective Time shall, by virtue of the Merger, cease to be
outstanding and shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist without
payment of any consideration therefor.
(d) All options to purchase capital stock of EVT (the "EVT
Options") outstanding, whether or not exercisable, whether or not vested, and
whether or not performance-based, at the Effective Time under EVT's 1989 Stock
Option Plan and 1995 Stock Option Plan, (collectively, the "EVT Stock Option
Plans"), shall by virtue of the Merger and without any
3
<PAGE> 8
further action on the part of EVT or the holder thereof, be converted into an
option to purchase Guidant Common Stock pursuant to the terms of the Guidant
Corporation 1994 Stock Plan ("Guidant 1994 Stock Plan") in such manner that
Guidant (i) is "assuming a stock option in a transaction to which Section 424(a)
applied" within the meaning of Section 424 of the Code, or (ii) to the extent
that Section 424 of the Code does not apply to any such EVT Options, would be a
transaction within Section 424 of the Code. Each EVT Option converted by Guidant
shall be exercisable upon the same terms and conditions as under the applicable
EVT Stock Option Plan and the applicable option agreement issued thereunder,
except that (A) each such EVT Option shall be exercisable for that whole number
of shares of Guidant Common Stock (rounded down to the nearest whole share) into
which the number of shares of EVT Common Stock subject to such EVT Option
immediately prior to the Effective Time would be converted under Section 2.2(a),
and (B) the option price per share of Guidant Common Stock shall be an amount
equal to the option price per share of EVT Common stock subject to such EVT
Option in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time divided by the Exchange
Ratio (the option price per share, as so determined, being rounded downward to
the nearest full cent). Guidant shall (i) on or prior to the Effective Time,
reserve for issuance the number of shares of Guidant Common Stock that will
become subject to options to purchase shares of Guidant Common Stock ("Guidant
Options") pursuant to this Section 2.2(d), (ii) from and after the Effective
Time, upon exercise of the Guidant Options in accordance with the terms thereof,
make available for issuance all shares of Guidant Common Stock covered thereby
and (iii) as promptly as practicable after the Effective Time, issue to each
holder of an outstanding EVT Option a document evidencing the foregoing
assumption by Guidant.
(e) It is the intention of the parties that the EVT
Options converted by Guidant qualify following the Effective Time as incentive
stock options as defined in Section 422 of the Code to the extent permitted
under Section 422 of the Code and to the extent the EVT Options qualified as
incentive stock options prior to the Effective Time.
(f) If necessary to register Guidant Common Stock issuable
upon the exercise of Guidant Options, Guidant shall as promptly as practicable
following the Effective Time file a registration statement on Form S-8 or an
amendment to an existing registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), covering the shares of Guidant
Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Guidant Options created upon the
assumption by Guidant of EVT Options under Section 2.2(d), except to the extent
the shares issuable pursuant to the assumption of EVT Options by Guidant have
already been registered, and will use its reasonable best efforts to cause such
registration statement to become effective and to maintain such registration in
effect until the exercise or expiration of such Guidant Options. No payment
shall be made for fractional interests, rather, the aggregate number of shares
to be issued under any assumed EVT Option shall be rounded down to the nearest
whole number.
2.3 EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES REPRESENTING EVT COMMON STOCK.
(a) As of the Effective Time, Guidant shall deposit, or
shall cause to be deposited, with First Chicago Trust Company of New York (the
"Exchange Agent"), for the
4
<PAGE> 9
benefit of the holders of shares of EVT Common Stock, for exchange in accordance
with this Article 2, certificates representing the shares of Guidant Common
Stock to be issued in connection with the Merger and cash in an amount equal to
Guidant's good faith estimate of the cash required to be paid to holders of
shares of EVT Common Stock in lieu of fractional shares expected to be payable
in connection with the Merger (such cash and certificates for shares of Guidant
Common Stock, together with any dividends or distributions with respect thereto
(relating to record dates for such dividends or distributions after the
Effective Time), being hereinafter referred to as the "Exchange Fund") to be
issued pursuant to Section 2.2 and paid pursuant to this Section 2.3 in exchange
for outstanding shares of EVT Common Stock. Notwithstanding anything in this
Agreement to the contrary, Guidant may, in lieu of issuing certificates for
Guidant Common Stock, make book-entry notations pursuant to established
book-entry procedures of the Exchange Agent, and all references in this
Agreement to certificates for Guidant Common Stock will be deemed to be
references to book-entry notations.
(b) Promptly after the Effective Time, Guidant shall cause
the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of shares of EVT Common
Stock (i) a letter of transmittal specifying that delivery shall be effected,
and risk of loss and title to such shares of EVT Common Stock shall pass, only
upon delivery of the Certificates representing such shares to the Exchange Agent
and which letter shall be in such form and have such other provisions as Guidant
may reasonably specify and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender
of EVT Common Stock Certificates in exchange for the Exchange Consideration,
including cash in lieu of fractional shares. Upon surrender of a Certificate for
cancellation to the Exchange Agent together with such letter of transmittal,
duly executed and completed in accordance with the instructions thereto, the
holder of the shares represented by such Certificate shall be entitled to
receive in exchange therefor (x) a certificate representing that number of whole
shares of Guidant Common Stock and (y) a check representing the amount of cash
in lieu of fractional shares, if any, and unpaid dividends and distributions, if
any, that such holder has the right to receive in respect of the Certificate
surrendered pursuant to the provisions of this Article 2, after giving effect to
any required withholding tax, and the shares represented by the Certificate so
surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. No interest will be paid or accrued on
the cash payable to holders of shares of EVT Common Stock. In the event of a
transfer of ownership of EVT Common Stock that is not registered in the transfer
records of EVT, a certificate representing the proper number of shares of
Guidant Common Stock, together with a check for the cash to be paid may be
issued to such a transferee if the Certificate representing such EVT Common
Stock is presented to the Exchange Agent, accompanied by all documents required
to evidence and effect such transfer and to evidence that any applicable stock
transfer taxes have been paid.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this
Agreement, no dividends or other distributions declared after the Effective Time
on Guidant Common Stock shall be paid with respect to any shares of EVT Common
Stock represented by a Certificate until such Certificate is surrendered for
exchange as provided herein. Subject to the effect of applicable laws, following
surrender of any such Certificate, there shall be paid to the holder of the
certificates representing whole shares of Guidant Common Stock issued in
exchange therefor, without interest, (i) at the time of such surrender, the
amount of dividends or other distributions with a record date after the
Effective Time theretofore payable with respect to such whole shares
5
<PAGE> 10
of Guidant Common Stock and not paid, less the amount of any withholding taxes
which may be required thereon, and (ii) at the appropriate payment date, the
amount of dividends or other distributions with a record date after the
Effective Time but prior to surrender and a payment date subsequent to surrender
payable with respect to such whole shares of Guidant Common Stock, less the
amount of any withholding taxes which may be required thereon.
(d) At or after the Effective Time, there shall be no
transfers on the stock transfer books of EVT of the shares of EVT Common Stock
which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the
Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation, they
shall be canceled and exchanged for certificates for shares of Guidant Common
Stock and cash deliverable in respect thereof pursuant to this Agreement in
accordance with the procedures set forth in this Article 2. Certificates
surrendered for exchange by any person constituting an "affiliate" of EVT for
purposes of Rule 145(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), shall not be exchanged until Guidant has received a written
agreement from such person as provided in Section 5.9.
(e) No fractional shares of Guidant Common Stock shall be
issued pursuant hereto. In lieu of the issuance of any fractional share of
Guidant Common Stock, cash adjustments will be paid to holders in respect of any
fractional share of Guidant Common Stock that would otherwise be issuable, and
the amount of such cash adjustment shall be equal to the product obtained by
multiplying such stockholder's fractional share of Guidant Common Stock that
would otherwise be payable by the Closing Price.
(f) Any portion of the Exchange Fund (including the
proceeds of any investments thereof and any shares of Guidant Common Stock) that
remains unclaimed by the former stockholders of EVT six months after the
Effective Time shall be delivered to Guidant. Any former stockholders of EVT who
have not theretofore complied with this Article 2 shall thereafter look only to
Guidant, and Guidant shall comply with such requests, made in accordance with
the terms of this Agreement, for payment of their shares of Guidant Common
Stock, cash and unpaid dividends and distributions on Guidant Common Stock
deliverable in respect of each share of EVT Common Stock such stockholder holds
as determined pursuant to this Agreement, in each case, without any interest
thereon.
(g) None of Guidant, EVT, the Surviving Corporation, the
Exchange Agent or any other person shall be liable (except to the extent
provided by applicable law) to any former holder of shares of EVT Common Stock
for any amount properly delivered to a public official pursuant to applicable
abandoned property, escheat or similar laws.
(h) In the event any Certificate shall have been lost,
stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person
claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and the posting by
such person of a bond in such amount as the Surviving Corporation may direct as
indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such
Certificate, the Exchange Agent will issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or
destroyed Certificate the shares of Guidant Common Stock and cash deliverable in
respect thereof pursuant to this Agreement.
6
<PAGE> 11
2.4 ADJUSTMENT OF EXCHANGE RATIO. In the event that, subsequent
to the date of this Agreement but prior to the Effective Time, the outstanding
shares of Guidant Common Stock or EVT Common Stock, respectively, shall have
been changed into a different number of shares or a different class as a result
of a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, subdivision,
reclassification, combination, exchange, recapitalization or other similar
transaction, the Exchange Ratio shall be appropriately adjusted.
ARTICLE 3
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF EVT
Except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered at or
prior to the execution hereof to Guidant (the "EVT Disclosure Schedule") or in
the EVT Reports (as defined below), EVT represents and warrants to Guidant as of
the date of this Agreement as follows:
3.1 EXISTENCE; GOOD STANDING; CORPORATE AUTHORITY; COMPLIANCE
WITH LAW. EVT is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation. EVT is duly
licensed or qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good
standing under the laws of any other state of the United States in which the
character of the properties owned or leased by it or in which the transaction of
its business makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be
so qualified or to be in good standing would not have a material adverse effect
on the business, results of operation, financial condition or prospects of EVT
and its Subsidiaries (as defined in Section 8.14) taken as a whole (as modified
by the following proviso, an "EVT Material Adverse Effect"); provided, however,
that any such effect resulting from (i) any change in economic or business
conditions generally affecting the medical devices industry, (ii) any change in
generally accepted accounting principles or interpretations thereof generally
affecting the medical devices industry (as opposed to EVT specifically), (iii)
any effect on EVT resulting from actions taken or not taken by EVT at Guidant's
direction pursuant to Section 5.2 of this Agreement or (iv) operating losses not
in excess of $2 million per month, shall not be considered when determining if
an EVT Material Adverse Effect has occurred. EVT has all requisite corporate
power and authority to own, operate and lease its properties and carry on its
business as now conducted or as reasonably contemplated in the future. Each of
EVT's Subsidiaries is a corporation or partnership duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization, has the corporate or partnership power and
authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being
conducted, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each
jurisdiction in which the ownership of its property or the conduct of its
business requires such qualification, except for jurisdictions in which such
failure to be so qualified or to be in good standing would not have an EVT
Material Adverse Effect. Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation
of any order of any court, governmental authority or arbitration board or
tribunal, or any law, ordinance, governmental rule or regulation to which EVT or
any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets is
subject, other than any violations that would not have an EVT Material Adverse
Effect. EVT and its Subsidiaries have obtained all licenses, permits and other
authorizations and have taken all
7
<PAGE> 12
actions required by applicable law or governmental regulations in connection
with their business as now conducted, except where the failure to obtain any
such item or to take any such action would not have an EVT Material Adverse
Effect.
3.2 AUTHORIZATION, VALIDITY AND EFFECT OF AGREEMENTS. EVT has the
requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement
and all agreements and documents contemplated hereby. Subject only to the
approval of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby by the
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of EVT Common Stock, the
consummation by EVT of the transactions contemplated hereby has been unanimously
approved by the Board of Directors of EVT and duly authorized by all requisite
corporate action. This Agreement constitutes, and all agreements and documents
contemplated hereby to which EVT is a party (when executed and delivered
pursuant hereto for value received) will constitute, the valid and legally
binding obligations of EVT, enforceable in accordance with their respective
terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium or other similar
laws relating to creditors' rights and general principles of equity.
3.3 CAPITALIZATION. The authorized capital stock of EVT consists
of 30,000,000 shares of EVT Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred
stock, par value $.00001 per share (the "EVT Preferred Stock"). As of October 5,
1997, there were 8,545,609 shares of EVT Common Stock issued and outstanding and
no shares of EVT Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. As of October 5, 1997,
options to acquire 1,280,414 shares of EVT Common Stock were outstanding
pursuant to the terms of the 1989 Stock Option Plan and the 1995 Stock Option
Plan (the "EVT Stock Option Plans"). Since such date, no additional options have
been granted. EVT has no outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other
obligations the holders of which have the right to vote (or which are
convertible into or exercisable for securities having the right to vote) on any
matter with respect to such securities. All issued and outstanding shares of EVT
Common Stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and
free of preemptive rights. The current "Purchase Period" (as defined in EVT's
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Stock Purchase Plan")) commenced on August 1,
1997 and will end upon the earlier of January 30, 1998 or immediately prior to
the Effective Time, provided that if the Effective Time is later than January
31, 1998, then a new Purchase Period will commence on February 2, 1998 and will
end upon the earlier of July 31, 1998 or immediately prior to the Effective
Time. Except for the outstanding purchase rights held by participants in the
current Purchase Period, there are no other purchase rights or options
outstanding under the Stock Purchase Plan. There are not at the date of this
Agreement any existing options, warrants, calls, subscriptions, convertible
securities, or other rights, agreements or commitments, other than under the EVT
Stock Option Plans, the Rights Agreement, dated February 5, 1997, between EVT
and Chase Mellon Shareholder Services (the "EVT Shareholder Rights Plan"), the
Stock Purchase Plan, and as contemplated herein, that obligate EVT or any of its
Subsidiaries to issue, transfer or sell any shares of capital stock of EVT or
any of its Subsidiaries. After the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation
will have no obligation to issue, transfer or sell any shares of capital stock
or other securities of EVT or the Surviving Corporation pursuant to any EVT Plan
(as defined in Section 3.14).
8
<PAGE> 13
3.4 SUBSIDIARIES. EVT owns directly or indirectly each of the
outstanding shares of capital stock (or other ownership interests having by
their terms ordinary voting power to elect a majority of directors or others
performing similar functions with respect to such Subsidiary) of each of EVT's
Subsidiaries. Each of the outstanding shares of capital stock of each of EVT's
Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable,
and is owned, directly or indirectly, by EVT free and clear of all liens,
pledges, security interests, claims or other encumbrances. Set forth in Section
3.4 of the EVT Disclosure Schedule is the name and jurisdiction of incorporation
of each Subsidiary of EVT.
3.5 OTHER INTERESTS. Except for interests in its Subsidiaries,
neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries owns directly or indirectly any interest
or investment (whether equity or debt) in any corporation, partnership, joint
venture, business, trust or entity other than marketable securities available
for sale.
3.6 NO VIOLATION. Neither the execution and delivery by EVT of
this Agreement nor the consummation by EVT of the transactions contemplated
hereby in accordance with the terms hereof, will: (i) conflict with or result in
a breach of any provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of EVT;
(ii) result in a breach or violation of, a default under, or the triggering of
any payment or other material obligations pursuant to, or accelerate vesting
under, any existing EVT Plan, or any grant or award made under any of the
foregoing; (iii) violate, conflict with, result in a breach of any provision of,
constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both,
would constitute a default) under, result in the termination or in a right of
termination or cancellation of, accelerate the performance required by, result
in the triggering of any payment or other material obligations pursuant to,
result in the creation of any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance
upon any of the material properties of EVT or its Subsidiaries under, or result
in being declared void, voidable, or without further binding effect, any of the
terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of
trust or any material license, franchise, permit, lease, contract, agreement or
other instrument, commitment or obligation to which EVT or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party, or by which EVT or any of its Subsidiaries or any of
their respective properties is bound or affected, except for any of the
foregoing matters which would not have an EVT Material Adverse Effect; or (iv)
other than the filings provided for in Article 1, filings required under the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the "HSR Act"), the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), the Securities
Act, or applicable state securities and "Blue Sky" laws, as required under the
DGCL and the rules of the Nasdaq National Market or filings in connection with
the maintenance of qualification to do business in other jurisdictions or
foreign filings of which EVT notifies Guidant in writing within five business
days of the date hereof (collectively, the "Regulatory Filings"), require any
consent, approval or authorization of, or declaration, filing or registration
with, any domestic governmental or regulatory authority, other than consents,
approvals, authorizations, declarations or filings or registration which, if not
obtained or made would not have an EVT Material Adverse Effect. The stockholders
of EVT have no appraisal, dissenters or other similar rights with respect to the
Merger.
3.7 SEC DOCUMENTS. As of their respective dates, each
registration statement, report, proxy statement or information statement (as
defined in Regulation 14C under
9
<PAGE> 14
the Exchange Act) of EVT prepared by it since its initial public offering of EVT
Common Stock (including, without limitation, the Registration Statement on Form
S-1 with respect to its initial offering), in the form (including exhibits and
any amendments thereto) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"SEC"), (collectively, the "EVT Reports") (i) complied as to form in all
material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the
Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder and (ii) did not contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
Each of the balance sheets included in or incorporated by reference into the EVT
Reports (including the related notes and schedules) fairly presents the
consolidated financial position of EVT and its Subsidiaries as of its date, and
each of the statements of operations, retained earnings and cash flows included
in or incorporated by reference into the EVT Reports (including any related
notes and schedules) fairly presents the results of operations, retained
earnings or cash flows, as the case may be, of EVT and its Subsidiaries for the
periods set forth therein (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to
normal year-end audit adjustments which would not be material in amount or
effect), in each case in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles consistently applied during the periods involved, except as may be
noted therein. Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities or
obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise),
except (a) as set forth in the EVT Reports, (b) liabilities or obligations
reflected on, or reserved against in, a balance sheet of EVT or in the notes
thereto, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
consistently applied and included in the EVT Reports, (c) liabilities or
obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business which do not have an EVT
Material Adverse Effect and (d) arising under executory contracts not currently
in default.
3.8 PATENTS, TRADEMARKS, COPYRIGHTS AND TRADE SECRETS. (a)
Section 3.8 of the EVT Disclosure Schedule contains a complete list of all
United States and foreign patents and patent applications, trademarks (whether
registered or as to which registration has been applied for), trade names and
service marks owned by or licensed to EVT or any of its Subsidiaries as of the
date hereof.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 3.8 of the Ski
Disclosure Schedule or the EVT Reports, (i) to the knowledge of EVT, there is no
existing or, threatened infringement, misuse or misappropriation by others, of
any United States or foreign patents, patent applications, trademarks, whether
registered or as to which registration has been applied for, tradenames, service
marks, copyrights, processes, designs, formulae, inventions, know-how, trade
secrets or concepts (the "Intellectual Property") of EVT or any of its
Subsidiaries that is reasonably likely to be material to EVT's operation, (ii)
there are no pending or threatened claims by EVT or any of its Subsidiaries
against others for infringement, misuse or misappropriation, of any Intellectual
Property of EVT or its Subsidiaries that are reasonably likely to be material to
EVT's operation and (iii) to the knowledge of EVT, neither EVT nor any of its
Subsidiaries is infringing, misusing or misappropriating any Intellectual
Property of any third party and, to EVT's knowledge, no claim of such
infringement, misuse or misappropriation is pending or threatened.
10
<PAGE> 15
(c) Except as set forth in Section 3.8 of the EVT
Disclosure Schedule or the EVT Reports, EVT and its Subsidiary own or possess
adequate licenses or other valid rights to use all of the Intellectual Property
of EVT. EVT has no knowledge of any facts or claims which may bring the validity
of its issued patents into question.
3.9 INVESTIGATIONS; LITIGATION. Except as set forth in Section
3.9 of the EVT Disclosure Schedule or in the EVT Reports and except in the
ordinary course of its business, (a) no material investigation or review by any
governmental entity with respect to EVT or any of its Subsidiaries is pending
(or, to EVT's knowledge, threatened) nor has any governmental entity indicated
to EVT an intention to conduct the same; and (b) there are no actions, suits or
proceedings pending against EVT or its Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of EVT,
threatened against EVT or its Subsidiaries, at law or in equity, or before or by
any federal, state, local or foreign commission, board, bureau, agency or
instrumentality.
3.10 GOVERNMENTAL APPROVALS. Except as set forth in Section 3.10
of the EVT Disclosure Schedule, there are no products now being manufactured,
sold or distributed by EVT or any Subsidiary which at the date hereof would
require any approval of the United States Food and Drug Administration (the
"FDA") or any other governmental body that regulates the safety, effectiveness,
market clearances, market or post-market surveillance of the products, whether
Federal, state, local or foreign for the purpose for which they are being
manufactured, sold or distributed, for which such approval has not been
obtained. All products now being commercially distributed by EVT or any
Subsidiary in any jurisdiction meet, in all material respects, the applicable
legal requirements of such jurisdiction with respect to their safety,
effectiveness, market clearance, marketing and post-market surveillance and all
requisite governmental approvals have been duly obtained and are in full force
and effect, and except as set forth in the EVT Reports, there is no basis known
to EVT for the FDA or any other governmental body to rescind any approval for
any of their commercially distributed products for the purpose for which they
are being manufactured, sold or distributed. There is no action or proceeding by
the FDA or any other governmental body claiming that any product now being
commercially distributed or used in any clinical trials by EVT or any Subsidiary
is defective or fails to meet any applicable regulatory standards or that EVT
has violated any applicable rules or regulations governing the marketing or
post-market surveillance requirements for any product, including, but not
limited to, recall procedures, pending or, to the knowledge of EVT, threatened
against EVT or any Subsidiary, and no such proceeding was brought at any time in
the past, relating to the safety or efficacy of any of its products, and, to the
knowledge of EVT, there is no basis for any such action or proceeding. No
Institutional Review Board or Institutional Review Committee or other similar
group has terminated or recommended termination of a clinical study of any
product of EVT or any Subsidiary.
3.11 ABSENCE OF CERTAIN CHANGES. Since December 31, 1996, EVT has
conducted its business only in the ordinary course of such business, and there
has not been (i) any EVT Material Adverse Effect or any event which is
reasonably likely to result in an EVT Material Adverse Effect; (ii) any
declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or other distribution with
respect to its capital stock; or (iii) any material change in its accounting
principles, practices or methods.
11
<PAGE> 16
3.12 TAXES AND TAX RETURNS. (a) Definitions:
"Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. All
citations to provisions of the Code, or to the Treasury Regulations promulgated
thereunder, shall include any amendments thereto and any substitute or successor
provisions thereto.
"Taxes" means all taxes, charges, fees, levies or other
assessments, including, without limitation, income, gross receipts, employment,
excise, withholding, property, sales, use, transfer, license, payroll and
franchise taxes, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax
or additional amounts with respect thereto, imposed by the United States, or any
state, local or foreign government or subdivision or agency thereof.
"Taxable Period" means any taxable year or any other period that
is treated as a taxable year (or other period, or portion thereof, in the case
of a Tax imposed with respect to such period or portion thereof, e.g., a
quarter) with respect to which any Tax may be imposed under any applicable
statute, rule, or regulation.
"Tax Reserve" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
3.12(d).
"Tax Return" shall mean any report, return, election, notice or
other information required to be supplied to a taxing authority in connection
with Taxes.
(b) All Tax Returns required to be filed by or with
respect to EVT and each of its Subsidiaries for all Taxable Periods ending on or
before the date hereof or the Effective Time have been or will be timely filed.
Except to the extent that a proper reserve for Taxes has been reflected on the
EVT Financial Statements included in the EVT Reports for the period ended June
30, 1997, in accordance with GAAP, all such Tax Returns (i) were prepared in the
manner required by applicable law, (ii) are true, correct, and complete in all
material respects, and (iii) reflect the liability for Taxes of EVT and each of
its Subsidiaries. All Taxes shown to be payable on such Tax Returns, and all
assessments of Tax made against EVT and each of its Subsidiaries with respect to
such Tax Returns, have been paid when due except to the extent that a proper
reserve for Taxes has been reflected on the EVT Financial Statements included in
the EVT Reports for the period ended June 30, 1997, in accordance with GAAP. No
adjustment relating to any such Tax Return has been proposed or threatened
formally or informally by any Taxing authority and, except to the extent that a
proper reserve for Taxes has been reflected on the EVT Financial Statements
included in the EVT Reports for the period ended June 30, 1997, in accordance
with GAAP, no basis exists for any such adjustment.
(c) EVT and each of its Subsidiaries have made (or there
has been made on its behalf) all required current estimated Tax payments
sufficient to avoid any material underpayment penalties.
(d) EVT and each of its Subsidiaries have (i) timely paid
or caused to be paid or will cause to be paid all Taxes that are or were due on
or prior to the date hereof or the Effective Time, except to the extent that a
proper reserve for Taxes has been reflected on the EVT Financial Statements
included in the EVT Reports for the period ended June 30, 1997, in
12
<PAGE> 17
accordance with GAAP, whether or not shown (or required to be shown) on a Tax
Return and (ii) provided a sufficient reserve for the payment of all Taxes not
yet due and payable (the "Tax Reserve") on the financial statements included in
EVT's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. There are
no Taxes that would be due if asserted by a Taxing authority, except with
respect to which EVT and each of its Subsidiaries are maintaining adequate
reserves on such EVT Financial Statements.
(e) EVT and each of its Subsidiaries have complied (and
until the Closing Date will comply) in all material respects with the provisions
of the Code relating to the withholding and payment of Taxes, including, without
limitation, the withholding and reporting requirements under Code sections 1441
through 1464, 3401 through 3406, and 6041 through 6049, as well as similar
provisions under any other laws, and have, within the time and in the manner
prescribed by law, withheld from employee wages and paid over to the proper
governmental authorities all amounts required.
(f) Except as set forth in Schedule 3.12(f) of the EVT
Disclosure Schedule, none of the Tax Returns have been examined by the IRS or
relevant state, local or foreign Taxing authorities. There are no threatened
actions, suits, proceedings, investigations or claims relating to or asserted
for Taxes of EVT and/or any of its Subsidiaries to EVT's knowledge and there is
no basis for any such claim.
(g) No material claim has ever been made in writing by any
Taxing authority with respect to EVT or any of its Subsidiaries in a
jurisdiction where EVT and/or any of its Subsidiaries do not file reports and
returns that EVT or any such Subsidiary is or may be subject to Taxation by that
jurisdiction. Except for liens for real and personal property Taxes that are not
yet due and payable, there are no liens for any Tax upon any asset of EVT or any
of its Subsidiaries.
(h) Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries has agreed or
is required to include in income or make any material adjustment under either
Section 481(a) or Section 482 of the Code (or an analogous provision of state,
local, or foreign law) by reason of a change in accounting or otherwise. Neither
EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries has disposed of any material property in a
transaction being accounted for under the installment method pursuant to Section
453 of the Code.
(i) Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to
any agreement (other than this Agreement) to share Taxes with respect to any
Taxable Period.
(j) There is no contract, agreement, plan or arrangement
covering any person that, individually or collectively, could give rise to the
payment of any amount that would not be deductible by EVT or any Subsidiary
thereof by reason of Section 280G of the Code.
(k) Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries has
distributed the stock of any corporation in a transaction satisfying the
requirements of Section 355 of the Code since April 16, 1997.
13
<PAGE> 18
3.13 MATERIAL CONTRACTS. Section 3.13 of the EVT Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a complete list as of the date of this Agreement of (i)
contracts, commitments and agreements (for purposes of this Agreement,
contracts, commitments and agreements shall include, without limitation, all
collaborative arrangements or relationships of EVT and its Subsidiaries) to
which EVT or any Subsidiary is a party or under which any of them is obligated
or bound or to which any of their properties or assets may be subject, which (a)
involve a payment or receipt after the date hereof of more than $200,000, (b)
are supply agreements, (c) involve the licensing of or by EVT of any
Intellectual Property, (d) are joint development agreements or (e) are
contracts, commitments and agreements that individually or in the aggregate with
other contracts, commitments and agreements are material to the business of EVT
and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. To EVT's knowledge, all material terms of
each of such contracts are in full force and effect and are enforceable against
all parties thereto in accordance with their terms. Neither EVT nor any of its
Subsidiaries is in default under any such contract, commitment or agreement and,
to the knowledge of EVT, no party having any commitment to, or contract or
agreement with, EVT or any Subsidiary is in default thereunder and EVT has no
knowledge of any fact, circumstance or event which might reasonably be expected
in the future to cause any such party to be in default under any such material
contract, commitment or agreement except for such instances that would not
result in an EVT Material Adverse Effect.
3.14 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS. (a) Section 3.14 of the EVT
Disclosure Schedule sets forth each plan, agreement, arrangement or commitment
which is an employment or consulting agreement, executive or incentive
compensation plan, bonus plan, deferred compensation agreement, employee
pension, profit sharing, savings or retirement plan, employee stock option or
stock purchase plan, group life, health, or accident insurance or other employee
benefit plan, agreement, arrangement or commitment, including, without
limitation, any commitment arising under the laws of any jurisdiction,
severance, holiday, vacation, Christmas or other bonus plans (including, but not
limited to, "employee benefit plans", as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")), maintained by EVT
or any Subsidiary for any of their present or former employees, officers or
directors ("EVT Personnel") or with respect to which EVT or any Subsidiary has
liability, makes or has an obligation to make contributions ("EVT Plans").
(b) EVT has provided Guidant with (i) copies of all EVT
Plans or in the case of an unwritten plan, a written description thereof, (ii)
copies of any annual, financial or actuarial reports and Internal Revenue
Service determination letters relating to such EVT Plans and (iii) copies of all
summary plan descriptions (whether or not required to be furnished under ERISA)
and employee communications relating to such EVT Plans and distributed to EVT
Personnel, in each case under this subsection (b), existing or in effect during
or within the past five years.
(c) There are no EVT Personnel who are entitled to (i) any
pension benefit that is unfunded or (ii) any pension or other benefit to be paid
after termination of employment other than required by Section 601 of ERISA or
pursuant to plans intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code and
listed on Section 3.14 of the EVT Disclosure
14
<PAGE> 19
Schedule, and no other benefits whatsoever are payable to any EVT Personnel
after termination of employment (including retiree medical and death benefits).
(d) Each EVT Plan that is an employee welfare benefit plan
under Section 3(1) of ERISA is either (i) funded through an insurance company
contract and is not a "welfare benefit fund" within the meaning of Section 419
of the Code or (ii) is unfunded.
(e) All contributions or payments owed with respect to any
periods prior to the Closing under any EVT Plan have been made or accrued. Each
EVT Plan by its terms and operation is in material compliance with all
applicable laws (including, but not limited to, ERISA, the Code and the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended).
(f) There are no actions, suits or claims pending or
threatened (other than routine noncontested claims for benefits) or, to EVT's
knowledge, no set of circumstances exist which may reasonably give rise to such
a claim against any EVT Plan or administrator or fiduciary of any such EVT Plan.
As to each EVT Plan for which an annual report is required to be filed under
ERISA or the Code, all such filings, including schedules, have been made on a
timely basis and with respect to the most recent report regarding each such EVT
Plan liabilities do not exceed assets, and no material adverse change has
occurred with respect to the financial matters covered thereby.
(g) Neither EVT nor any entity required to be aggregated
with EVT pursuant to Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code contributes
to, maintains or has any liability with respect to a plan subject to Title IV of
ERISA, Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code or Section 302 of ERISA.
(h) Each EVT Plan that is intended to be qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter from
the Internal Revenue Service stating that such plan is so qualified and nothing
has occurred since the date of such letter to cause the letter to be no longer
valid or effective.
(i) Neither EVT, any Subsidiary nor any other person,
including any fiduciary, has engaged in any "prohibited transaction" (as defined
in Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA), which could subject any of
the EVT Plans (or their trusts), EVT, or any person who EVT has an obligation to
indemnify, to any tax or penalty imposed under Section 4975 of the Code or
Section 502 of ERISA.
(j) The events contemplated by this Agreement (either
alone or together with any other event) will not (i) entitle any EVT Personnel
to severance pay, unemployment compensation, or other similar payments under any
EVT Plan or law, (ii) accelerate the time of payment or vesting or increase the
amount of benefits due under any EVT Plan or compensation to any EVT Personnel,
(iii) result in any payments (including parachute payments) under any EVT Plan
or law becoming due to any EVT Personnel, or (iv) terminate or modify or give a
third party a right to terminate or modify the provisions or terms of any EVT
Plan.
15
<PAGE> 20
(k) EVT, its Subsidiaries and each member of their
respective business enterprises have complied with the Worker Adjustment and
Retraining Notification Act.
3.15 LABOR MATTERS. Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries is a
party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining agreement, contract or other
agreement or understanding with a labor union or labor organization. There is no
unfair labor practice or labor arbitration proceeding pending or, to the
knowledge of EVT, threatened against EVT or its Subsidiaries relating to their
business, except for any such proceeding which would not have an EVT Material
Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of EVT, there are no organizational efforts
with respect to the formation of a collective bargaining unit currently being
made or threatened involving employees of EVT or any of its Subsidiaries. EVT
and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all
applicable laws regarding employment consulting, employment practices, wages,
hours and terms and conditions of employment.
3.16 GUIDANT STOCK OWNERSHIP. Neither EVT nor any of its
Subsidiaries owns any shares of Guidant Common Stock or other securities
convertible into Guidant Common Stock.
3.17 POOLING OF INTERESTS; TAX REORGANIZATION. There has been no
action or omission by EVT or its Subsidiaries which would prevent the accounting
for the Merger as a pooling of interests in accordance with Accounting
Principles Board Opinion No. 16 ("APB No. 16"), the interpretative releases
issued pursuant thereto, and the pronouncements of the SEC. There has been no
action or omission by EVT or its Subsidiaries which would prevent the Merger
from constituting a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Code.
3.18 ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS. Except as described in the EVT
Reports, EVT and each of its Subsidiaries are in material compliance with all
applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules and regulations
relating to pollution or protection of human health, worker safety or the
environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, ground
water, land surface or subsurface strata) (collectively, "Environmental Laws").
Such compliance includes, but is not limited to, the possession by EVT and its
Subsidiaries of all material permits and other governmental authorizations
required under applicable Environmental Laws, and compliance with the terms and
conditions thereof. Neither EVT nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written
notice of, or to the knowledge of EVT, is the subject of, any actions, causes of
action, claims, investigations, demands or notices by any person or entity
alleging liability under or noncompliance with any Environmental Law. To the
knowledge of EVT, there are no circumstances that are reasonably likely to
prevent or interfere with such material compliance in the future.
3.19 STATE TAKEOVER STATUTES AND SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN. The
Board of Directors of EVT has approved the Merger, this Agreement, the Support
Agreements and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the
Support Agreements, and such approval is sufficient to render inapplicable to
the Merger, this Agreement, the Support Agreements and the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Support Agreements, the EVT Shareholder
Rights Plan and the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL to the extent, if
16
<PAGE> 21
any, such EVT Shareholder Rights Plan or Section would otherwise be applicable
to the Merger, this Agreement, the Support Agreements and the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Support Agreements.
3.20 NO BROKERS. EVT has not entered into any contract,
arrangement or understanding with any person or firm which may result in the
obligation of EVT or Guidant to pay any finder's fees, brokerage or agent's
commissions or other like payments in connection with the negotiations leading
to this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby,
except that EVT has retained Montgomery Securities, Inc. as its financial
advisor, the arrangements of which have been disclosed by EVT to Guidant. Other
than the foregoing arrangements, EVT is not aware of any claim for payment of
any finder's fees, brokerage or agent's commissions or other like payments in
connection with the negotiations leading to this Agreement or the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby.
3.21 OPINION OF FINANCIAL ADVISOR. EVT has received the opinion
of Montgomery Securities, Inc. to the effect that, as of the date hereof, the
Exchange Consideration is fair to the holders of EVT Common Stock from a
financial point of view.
3.22 AFFILIATES. Section 3.22 of the EVT Disclosure Schedule
contains an accurate and complete list of the names and addresses of those
persons who are "affiliates" of EVT within the meaning of Rule 145 of the rule
and regulations promulgated under the Securities Act.
ARTICLE 4
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF GUIDANT AND MERGER SUB
Except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered at or
prior to the execution hereof to EVT (the "Guidant Disclosure Schedule") or in
the Guidant Reports (as defined below), Guidant and Merger Sub represent and
warrant to EVT as of the date of this Agreement as follows:
4.1 EXISTENCE; GOOD STANDING; CORPORATE AUTHORITY; COMPLIANCE
WITH LAW. Each of Guidant and Merger Sub is a corporation duly incorporated,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of
incorporation. Guidant is duly licensed or qualified to do business as a foreign
corporation and is in good standing under the laws of any other state of the
United States in which the character of the properties owned or leased by it or
in which the transaction of its business makes such qualification necessary,
except where the failure to be so qualified or to be in good standing would not
have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations or
financial condition of Guidant and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (as
modified by the following proviso, a "Guidant Material Adverse Effect");
provided, however, that any such effect resulting from (i) any change in
economic or business conditions generally affecting the medical devices industry
or (ii) any change in generally accepted accounting principles or interpretation
thereof generally affecting the medical devices industry (as opposed to Guidant
specifically) shall not be considered when determining if a Guidant
17
<PAGE> 22
Material Adverse Effect has occurred. Guidant has all requisite corporate power
and authority to own, operate and lease its properties and carry on its business
as now conducted. Neither Guidant nor Merger Sub is in violation of any order of
any court, governmental authority or arbitration board or tribunal, or any law,
ordinance, governmental rule or regulation to which Guidant or Merger Sub or any
of their respective properties or assets is subject, other than any violations
which would not have a Guidant Material Adverse Effect. Guidant and Merger Sub
have obtained all licenses, permits and other authorizations and have taken all
actions required by applicable law or governmental regulations in connection
with their business as now conducted, except where the failure to obtain any
such item or to take any such action would not have a Guidant Material Adverse
Effect.
4.2 AUTHORIZATION, VALIDITY AND EFFECT OF AGREEMENTS. Each of
Guidant and Merger Sub has the requisite corporate power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement and all agreements and documents contemplated
hereby. The consummation by Guidant and Merger Sub of the transactions
contemplated hereby has been unanimously approved by the Board of Directors of
Guidant and duly authorized by all requisite corporate action. This Agreement
constitutes, and all agreements and documents contemplated hereby (when executed
and delivered pursuant hereto for value received) will constitute, the valid and
legally binding obligations of Guidant and Merger Sub, enforceable in accordance
with their respective terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
moratorium or other similar laws relating to creditors' rights and general
principles of equity.
4.3 CAPITALIZATION. The authorized capital stock of Guidant
consists of 250,000,000 shares of Guidant Common Stock and 50,000,000 shares of
Preferred Stock, without par value, ("Guidant Preferred Stock"). As of September
30, 1997, there were 148,139,439 shares of Guidant Common Stock and no shares of
Guidant Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Since such date, no additional
shares of capital stock of Guidant have been issued, except shares issued
pursuant to the exercise of options outstanding under Guidant's stock option
plans (the "Guidant Stock Option Plans"). As of September 30, 1997, options to
acquire 6,675,161 shares of Guidant Common Stock were outstanding. Since such
date, no additional options have been granted. Prior to the Closing Date,
Guidant anticipates that options to acquire additional shares of Guidant Common
Stock will be granted to certain employees pursuant to the Guidant 1994 Stock
Plan. Guidant has no outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations
the holders of which have the right to vote (or which are convertible into or
exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of
Guidant on any matter. All such issued and outstanding shares of Guidant Common
Stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of
preemptive rights. Except as contemplated by this Agreement, there are not at
the date of this Agreement any existing options, warrants, calls, subscriptions,
convertible securities, or other rights, agreements or commitments, other than
pursuant to the Guidant Stock Option Plans and the Rights Agreement between
Guidant and Bank One, Indianapolis, NA dated October 17, 1994 (the "Guidant
Rights Agreement"), which obligate Guidant or any of its Subsidiaries to issue,
transfer or sell any shares of capital stock of Guidant or any of its
Subsidiaries.
18
<PAGE> 23
4.4 MERGER SUB. The authorized capital stock of Merger Sub
consists of 100 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, all of which
shares are issued and outstanding and owned by Guidant. Notwithstanding any
provisions to the contrary, Guidant may, in its sole discretion, increase or
decrease the number of shares of authorized common stock of Merger Sub and the
number of shares of common stock of Merger Sub issued and outstanding owned by
Guidant. Merger Sub has not engaged in any activities other than in connection
with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.5 NO VIOLATION. Neither the execution and delivery by Guidant
and Merger Sub of this Agreement, nor the consummation by Guidant and Merger Sub
of the transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with the terms hereof,
will: (i) conflict with or result in a breach of any provisions of the
Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of Guidant or Merger Sub; (ii) result in
a breach or violation of, a default under, or the triggering of any payment or
other material obligations pursuant to, or accelerate vesting under, any of the
Guidant Stock Option Plans, or any grant or award under any of the foregoing;
(iii) violate, conflict with, result in a breach of any provision of, constitute
a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would
constitute a default) under, result in the termination or in a right of
termination or cancellation of, accelerate the performance required by, result
in the triggering of any payment or other material obligations pursuant to,
result in the creation of any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance
upon any of the material properties of Guidant or Merger Sub under, or result in
being declared void, voidable, or without further binding effect, any of the
terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of
trust or any material license, franchise, permit, lease, contract, agreement or
other instrument, commitment or obligation to which Guidant or Merger Sub is a
party, or by which Guidant or Merger Sub or any of their respective properties
is bound or affected, except for any of the foregoing matters which would not
have a Guidant Material Adverse Effect; or (iv) other than the Regulatory
Filings, require any consent, approval or authorization of, or declaration,
filing or registration with, any domestic governmental or regulatory authority,
other than consents, approvals, authorizations, declarations or filings or
registrations which, if not obtained or made would not have a Guidant Material
Adverse Effect.
4.6 SEC DOCUMENTS. As of their respective dates, each
registration statement, report, proxy statement or information statement (as
defined in Regulation 14C under the Exchange Act) of Guidant prepared by it
since its initial public offering (including, without limitation, the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 with respect to its initial offering), in the
form (including exhibits and any amendments thereto) filed with the SEC,
(collectively, the "Guidant Reports") (i) complied as to form in all material
respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange
Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder and (ii) did not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in the light
of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each of the
consolidated balance sheets included in or incorporated by reference into the
Guidant Reports (including the related notes and schedules) fairly presents the
consolidated financial position of Guidant as of its date, and each of the
consolidated statements of income, retained earnings and cash flows included in
or incorporated by reference into the Guidant Reports (including any related
notes and schedules)
19
<PAGE> 24
fairly presents the results of operations, retained earnings or cash flows, as
the case may be, of Guidant for the periods set forth therein (subject, in the
case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments which would
not be material in amount or effect), in each case in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles consistently applied during the periods involved,
except as may be noted therein. Guidant has no liabilities or obligations of any
nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise) except (a)
liabilities or obligations reflected on, or reserved against in, a balance sheet
of Guidant or in the notes thereto, prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles consistently applied and included in the Guidant
Reports and (b) liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary course of
business which do not have a Guidant Material Adverse Effect.
4.7 INVESTIGATIONS; LITIGATION. Except as set forth in Section
4.7 of the Guidant Disclosure Schedule or in the Guidant Reports (a) no material
investigation or review, except in the ordinary course of its business, by any
governmental entity with respect to Guidant is pending (or, to Guidant's
knowledge, threatened) nor has any governmental entity indicated to Guidant an
intention to conduct the same; and (b) there are no actions, suits or
proceedings pending against Guidant or, to the knowledge of Guidant, threatened
against Guidant, at law or in equity, or before or by any federal or state
commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, that are reasonably likely
to have a Guidant Material Adverse Effect.
4.8 ABSENCE OF CERTAIN CHANGES. Since December 31, 1996, Guidant
has conducted its business only in the ordinary course of such business, and
there has not been (i) any Guidant Material Adverse Effect or any event which is
reasonably likely to result in a Guidant Material Adverse Effect; (ii) any
declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or other distribution with
respect to its capital stock (other than the regular quarterly cash dividends
payable on Guidant Common Stock); or (iii) any material change in its accounting
principles, practices or methods.
4.9 NO BROKERS. Guidant has not entered into any contract,
arrangement or understanding with any person or firm which may result in the
obligation of EVT or Guidant to pay any finder's fee, brokerage or agent's
commissions or other like payments in connection with the negotiations leading
to this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby,
except that Guidant has retained BT Alex. Brown, Incorporated as its financial
advisor. Other than the foregoing arrangements, Guidant is not aware of any
claim for payment of any finder's fees, brokerage or agent's commissions or
other like payments in connection with the negotiations leading to this
Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
4.10 PATENTS, TRADEMARKS, COPYRIGHTS AND TRADE SECRETS. Guidant
and its Subsidiaries own, or are licensed or otherwise possess legally
enforceable rights to use all patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks,
copyrights, and any applications therefor, and tangible or intangible
proprietary information or material ("Guidant Intellectual Property") that are
used or proposed to be used in the business of Guidant and its Subsidiaries as
currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted, except where the failure to
have such rights would not have a Guidant Material Adverse Effect.
20
<PAGE> 25
4.11 POOLING OF INTERESTS; TAX REORGANIZATION. There has been no
action or omission by Guidant or its Subsidiaries which would prevent the
accounting for the Merger as a pooling of interests in accordance with APB No.
16, the interpretive releases issued pursuant thereto, and the pronouncements of
the SEC. There has been no action or omission by Guidant or its Subsidiaries
which would prevent the Merger from constituting a reorganization with the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
ARTICLE 5
COVENANTS
5.1 ALTERNATIVE PROPOSALS. EVT, its affiliates and their
respective officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents shall
immediately cease any existing discussions or negotiations, if any, with any
parties conducted heretofore with respect to any acquisition of all or any
material portion of the assets of, or any material equity interest in, EVT or
any of its Subsidiaries or any business combination with EVT or any of its
Subsidiaries. EVT may, directly or indirectly, furnish information and access,
in each case only in response to unsolicited requests therefor, to any
corporation, partnership, person or other entity or group pursuant to
confidentiality agreements, and may participate in discussions and negotiate
with such entity or group concerning (i) any merger, consolidation, share
exchange, business combination, or other similar transaction; (ii) any sale,
lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition of 15% or more
of the assets of EVT in a single transaction or series of transactions; (iii)
any tender offer or exchange offer for 15% or more of the outstanding shares of
EVT Common Stock or the filing of a registration statement under the Securities
Act in connection therewith; (iv) any person having acquired beneficial
ownership or the right to acquire beneficial ownership of, or any "group" (as
such term is defined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder) having been formed which beneficially owns
or has the right to acquire beneficial ownership of, 15% or more of the
outstanding shares of EVT Common Stock; or (v) any public announcement of a
proposal, plan or intention to do any of the foregoing or any agreement to
engage in any of the foregoing, if such entity or group has submitted a written
proposal or an indication of interest reasonably likely to lead to a written
proposal to the Board relating to any such transaction (an "Alternative
Proposal") and the Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith
judgment, based as to legal matters on the advice of outside legal counsel and
as to financial matters upon the advice of an investment banking firm of
national reputation, that the Alternative Proposal is a Superior Proposal (as
hereinafter defined) and that failing to take such action would constitute a
breach of the Board's fiduciary duty. The Board shall provide a copy of any such
written proposal or indication of interest to Guidant or Merger Sub immediately
after receipt thereof and thereafter keep Guidant and Merger Sub promptly
advised of any development with respect thereto. Except as set forth above,
neither EVT or any of its affiliates, nor any of its or their respective
officers, directors, employees, representatives or agents, shall, directly or
indirectly, encourage, solicit, participate in or initiate discussions or
negotiations with, or provide any information to, any corporation, partnership,
person or other entity or group (other than Guidant and Merger Sub, any
affiliate or associate of Guidant and Merger Sub or any designees of Guidant and
Merger Sub) concerning (i) any
21
<PAGE> 26
merger, consolidation, share exchange, business combination, or other similar
transaction; (ii) any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other
disposition of 15% or more of the assets of EVT in a single transaction or
series of transactions; (iii) any tender offer or exchange offer for 15% or more
of the outstanding shares of EVT Common Stock or the filing of a registration
statement under the Securities Act in connection therewith; (iv) any person
having acquired beneficial ownership or the right to acquire beneficial
ownership of, or any "group" (as such term is defined under Section 13(d) of the
Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) having been
formed which beneficially owns or has the right to acquire beneficial ownership
of, 15% or more of the outstanding shares of EVT Common Stock; or (v) any public
announcement of a proposal, plan or intention to do any of the foregoing or any
agreement to engage in any of the foregoing, or similar transaction involving
EVT or any subsidiary or division of EVT (each a "Transaction"); provided,
however, that nothing herein shall prevent the Board from taking, and disclosing
to EVT's shareholders, a position contemplated by Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2
promulgated under the Exchange Act with regard to any tender offers, provided,
further, that the Board shall not recommend that the shareholders of EVT tender
their outstanding shares of EVT Common Stock in connection with any such tender
offer or exchange offer unless the Board by a majority vote determines in its
good faith judgment, based as to legal matters on the advice of outside legal
counsel and as to financial matters upon the advice of an investment banking
firm of national reputation, that the tender offer is a Superior Proposal and
that failing to take such action would constitute a breach of the Board's
fiduciary duty. Nothing in this Section 5.1 shall (x) permit EVT to terminate
this Agreement (except as specifically provided in Article 7 hereof), (y) permit
EVT to enter into any agreement with respect to an Alternative Proposal during
the term of this Agreement (it being agreed that during the term of this
Agreement, EVT shall not enter into any agreement with any person that provides
for, or in any way facilitates, an Alternative Proposal (other than a
confidentiality agreement in customary form)), or (z) affect any other
obligation of EVT under this Agreement.
For purposes of this Agreement "Superior Proposal" means any
Alternative Proposal with respect to a Transaction which is superior to the
Merger from a financial point of view to the stockholders of EVT.
5.2 INTERIM OPERATIONS. Prior to the Effective Time, except as
set forth in the EVT Disclosure Schedule or as contemplated by any other
provision of this Agreement, unless Guidant has consented in writing thereto,
which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, EVT:
(i) shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to,
conduct its operations according to their usual, regular and ordinary course in
substantially the same manner as heretofore conducted;
(ii) shall use its reasonable efforts, and shall cause
each of its Subsidiaries to use its reasonable efforts, to preserve intact their
business organizations and goodwill, keep available the services of their
respective officers and employees and maintain satisfactory relationships with
those persons having business relationships with them;
22
<PAGE> 27
(iii) shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries not to,
amend their respective Certificates of Incorporation or Bylaws or comparable
governing instruments;
(iv) shall promptly notify Guidant of (x) any material
adverse change in its condition (financial or otherwise), business, properties,
assets, prospects, liabilities or the normal course of its business or of its
properties, (y) any litigation or governmental complaints, investigations or
hearings (or communications indicating that the same may be contemplated), or
(z) any material breach of any representation or warranty contained herein;
(v) shall, upon receiving any written notice from any
Taxing authority proposing any adjustment to any Tax relating to EVT or any of
its Subsidiaries, give prompt written notice thereof to Guidant, which notice
shall describe in detail each proposed adjustment;
(vi) shall promptly deliver to Guidant true and correct
copies of any report, statement or schedule filed with the SEC subsequent to the
date of this Agreement;
(vii) subject to the provisions of Section 5.1, shall not,
and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, authorize, propose or announce
an intention to authorize or propose, or enter into an agreement with respect
to, any merger, consolidation or business combination (other than the Merger),
any acquisition of a material amount of assets or securities, any disposition of
a material amount of assets or securities or any release or relinquishment of
any material contract rights;
(viii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, issue any shares of their capital stock or securities, except
upon exercise of options outstanding on the date of this Agreement to purchase
shares of EVT Common Stock outstanding under EVT Stock Option Plans, or effect
any stock split or otherwise change its capitalization and except for up to
35,000 shares of EVT Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Stock Purchase
Plan;
(ix) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, grant, confer or award any options, warrants, conversion rights
or other rights, not existing on the date hereof, to acquire any shares of its
capital stock or other securities of EVT or its Subsidiaries except for options
to purchase up to 100,000 shares of EVT Common Stock granted to newly hired
officers, employees and consultants in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice;
(x) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, take any action which would, or would be reasonably likely to,
prevent the accounting for the Merger as a pooling of interests in accordance
with APB No. 16, the interpretive releases issued thereto, and the
pronouncements of the SEC.
(xi) shall not and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, take any actions which would, or would be reasonably likely to,
prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization with the meaning of
Section 368(a) of the Code;
23
<PAGE> 28
(xii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, amend the terms of any EVT Benefit Plan, including, without
limitation, any employment, severance or similar agreements or arrangements in
existence on the date hereof, or adopt any new employee benefit plans, programs
or arrangements or any employment, severance or similar agreements or
arrangements except that EVT may hire employees in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practice and this subsection (xii) shall not
preclude EVT from making payments under EVT Plans;
(xiii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, (x) incur, create, assume or otherwise become liable for
borrowed money or assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become responsible or
liable for the obligations of any other individual, corporation or other entity
except pursuant to the loan agreement existing on the date hereof between
Guidant and EVT (the "Loan Agreement") or (y) make any loans or advances to any
other person, except in the case of clause (x) for borrowings under existing
credit facilities in the ordinary course of business;
(xiv) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, (x) change any practice with respect to Taxes, (y) make, revoke
or change any election with respect to Taxes or (z) settle or compromise any tax
liability;
(xv) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, (y) declare, set aside or pay any dividend or make any other
distribution or payment with respect to any shares of its capital stock or other
ownership interests or (z) directly or indirectly redeem, purchase or otherwise
acquire any shares of its capital stock or capital stock of any of its
Subsidiaries, or make any commitment for any such action, except for the
repurchase of unvested shares from employees, consultants or directors in
accordance with the EVT Plans and the agreements entered into pursuant thereto;
and
(xvi) shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, agree, in writing or otherwise, to take any of the foregoing
actions or take any action which would make any representation or warranty in
Article 3 hereof untrue or incorrect.
5.3 MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS. EVT will take all action necessary
in accordance with applicable law and its Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws to convene a meeting of its stockholders (the "EVT Stockholders Meeting")
as promptly as practicable to consider and vote upon the approval of this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. The Board of Directors of
EVT shall recommend such approval and shall take all lawful action to solicit
such approval, including, without limitation, timely mailing the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus (as defined in Section 5.7); provided, however, that such
recommendation or solicitation shall not be required if and to the extent that
the Board of Directors of EVT determines after the date hereof, in its good
faith judgment, based as to legal matters on the advice of outside legal counsel
and as to financial matters upon the advice of an investment banking firm of
national reputation, that the making of such recommendation or solicitation
would involve a breach of its fiduciary duties to its stockholders imposed by
law.
24
<PAGE> 29
5.4 FILINGS; OTHER ACTIONS. Subject to the terms and conditions
herein provided, EVT and Guidant shall: (a) promptly make their respective
filings and thereafter make any other required submissions under the HSR Act
with respect to the Merger; (b) use all reasonable efforts to cooperate with one
another (i) in determining which filings are required to be made prior to the
Effective Time with, and which consents, approvals, permits or authorizations
are required to be obtained prior to the Effective Time from, governmental or
regulatory authorities of the United States, the several states and foreign
jurisdictions in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and (ii) timely
making all such filings and timely seeking all such consents, approvals, permits
or authorizations; and (c) use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be
taken, all other action and do, or cause to be done, all other things necessary,
proper or appropriate to consummate and make effective the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement as promptly as practicable.
5.5 INSPECTION OF RECORDS. From the date hereof to the Effective
Time, EVT and Guidant shall (i) allow all designated officers, attorneys,
accountants and other representatives of their respective companies reasonable
access at all reasonable times to the offices, records and files,
correspondence, audits and properties, as well as to all information relating to
commitments, contracts, titles and financial position, or otherwise pertaining
to the business and affairs, of the other party and their Subsidiaries, (ii)
furnish to such other party and such other party's counsel, financial advisors,
auditors and other authorized representatives such financial and operating data
and other information as such persons may reasonably request and (iii) instruct
employees, counsel and financial advisors to cooperate with such party in such
party's investigation of the business of the other party and its Subsidiaries.
5.6 PUBLICITY. The initial press release relating to this
Agreement shall be a joint press release and thereafter EVT and Guidant shall,
subject to their respective legal obligations (including requirements of stock
exchanges and other similar regulatory bodies), consult with each other, and use
reasonable efforts to agree upon the text of any press release, before issuing
any such press release or otherwise making public statements with respect to the
transactions contemplated hereby and in making any filings with any federal or
state governmental or regulatory agency or with any national securities exchange
with respect thereto.
5.7 REGISTRATION STATEMENT. Guidant and EVT shall cooperate and
promptly prepare and Guidant shall file with the SEC as soon as practicable a
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (the "Form S-4") under the Securities Act,
with respect to the Guidant Common Stock issuable in the Merger, which
Registration Statement shall contain the proxy statement with respect to the
meeting of the stockholders of EVT in connection with the Merger (the "Proxy
Statement/Prospectus"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Guidant may file the
Proxy Statement/Prospectus with the SEC, and receive SEC clearance of the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, prior to filing the Form S-4. The respective parties will
cause the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the Form S-4 to comply as to form in
all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act, the
Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. Guidant shall use
reasonable efforts, and EVT will cooperate with Guidant, to have the Form S-4
declared effective by the SEC as promptly as practicable. Guidant shall use
25
<PAGE> 30
reasonable efforts to obtain, prior to the effective date of the Form S-4, all
necessary state securities law or "Blue Sky" permits or approvals required to
carry out the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The information
supplied by EVT for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and the Form S-4 shall not (i) at the time the Form S-4 is
declared effective, (ii) at the time the Proxy Statement/Prospectus (or any
amendment thereof or supplement thereto) is first mailed to holders of EVT
Common Stock, (iii) at the time of the EVT Stockholders' Meeting and (iv) at the
Effective Time, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made,
not misleading. The information supplied by Guidant for inclusion or
incorporation by reference in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the Form S-4
shall not (i) at the time the Form S-4 is declared effective, (ii) at the time
the Proxy Statement/Prospectus (or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto)
is first mailed to holders of EVT Common Stock, (iii) at the time of the EVT
Stockholders' Meeting and (iv) at the Effective Time, contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. No amendment or
supplement to the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will be made by EVT without the
approval of Guidant. Guidant will advise EVT, promptly after it receives notice
thereof, of the time when the Form S-4 has become effective or any supplement or
amendment has been filed, the issuance of any stop order, the suspension of the
qualification of the Guidant Common Stock issuable in connection with the Merger
for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or any request by the SEC for
amendment of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or the Form S-4 or comments thereon
and responses thereto or requests by the SEC for additional information.
5.8 LISTING APPLICATION. Guidant shall promptly prepare and
submit to the NYSE and the Pacific Exchange, Inc. (the "Pacific Exchange") a
listing application covering the shares of Guidant Common Stock issuable in the
Merger, and shall use all reasonable efforts to obtain, prior to the Effective
Time, approval for the listing of such Guidant Common Stock, subject to official
notice of issuance.
5.9 AFFILIATE LETTERS. At least 30 days prior to the Closing
Date, EVT shall deliver to Guidant a list of names and addresses of those
persons who were, at the record date for its stockholders' meeting to approve
the Merger, "affiliates" (each such person, an "Affiliate") of EVT within the
meaning of Rule 145 of the rules and regulations promulgated under the
Securities Act. EVT shall provide Guidant such information and documents as
Guidant shall reasonably request for purposes of reviewing such list. EVT shall
deliver or cause to be delivered to Guidant, prior to the Closing Date, from
each of the Affiliates of EVT identified in the foregoing list, an Affiliate
Letter in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. Guidant shall be entitled to
place legends as specified in such Affiliate Letters on the certificates
evidencing any Guidant Common Stock to be received by such Affiliates pursuant
to the terms of this Agreement, and to issue appropriate stop transfer
instructions to the transfer agent for the Guidant Common Stock, consistent with
the terms of such Affiliate Letters.
26
<PAGE> 31
5.10 EXPENSES. Whether or not the Merger is consummated, all
costs and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring such
expenses except as expressly provided herein and except that the filing fee in
connection with the filing of the Form S-4 or Proxy Statement/Prospectus with
the SEC and the expenses incurred in connection with printing and mailing the
Form S-4 and the Proxy Statement/Prospectus shall be paid by Guidant.
5.11 CERTAIN TRANSACTION RELATED FEES. EVT shall not, and shall
not permit any Subsidiary to, incur, spend or otherwise become liable or
obligated for any fees, costs or other expenses arising out of or related to the
transactions contemplated hereby, including without limitation fees of counsel,
investment banking, and other financial and other advisors, in excess of $2.5
million. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to any fees, costs or other
expenses arising out of or relating to any dispute or litigation that relates to
the transactions contemplated hereby. EVT shall not, without the prior written
consent of Guidant, amend the arrangements with Montgomery Securities, Inc.,
which have been disclosed by EVT to Guidant.
5.12 DIRECTORS' AND OFFICERS' INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE.
(a) The Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of the
Surviving Corporation shall contain the respective provisions that are set
forth, as of the date of this Agreement, in Article IX of the Eighth Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of EVT ("Restated Certification") and
Article VII, Section 6 of the Bylaws of EVT, which provisions shall not be
amended, repealed or otherwise modified for a period of six years from the
Effective Time in any manner that would affect adversely the rights thereunder
of individuals who at or at any time prior to the Effective Time were entitled
to indemnification thereunder.
(b) Guidant hereby agrees (i) to assume, as of the
Effective Time, all obligations of EVT under Article IX of the Restated
Certificate and Article VII, Section 6 of the Bylaws of EVT, and (ii) to pay all
amounts that become due and payable under such provisions.
(c) The Surviving Corporation and Guidant shall honor and
fulfill in all respects the obligations of EVT pursuant to indemnification
agreements with EVT's directors and officers existing at or before the Effective
Time.
(d) The Surviving Corporation shall use commercially
reasonable efforts to maintain in effect for six years from the Effective Time,
if available, directors' and officers' liability insurance covering those
persons who are currently covered by EVT's directors' and officers' liability
insurance policy on terms comparable to such existing insurance coverage;
provided, however, that in no event shall the Surviving Corporation be required
to expend pursuant to this Section 5.12 more than an amount per year equal to
150% of current annual premiums paid by EVT for such insurance (which premiums
EVT represents and warrants to be not more than $250,000 in the aggregate) and;
provided further that if the annual premiums exceed such amount, Guidant shall
be obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain a policy with the
greatest coverage available for a cost not exceeding such amount.
27
<PAGE> 32
(e) This Section shall survive the consummation of the
Merger, is intended to benefit EVT, the Surviving Corporation and each
indemnified party, shall be binding, jointly and severally, on all successors
and assigns of the Surviving Corporation and Guidant, and shall be enforceable
by the indemnified parties.
5.13 REORGANIZATION. From and after the date hereof and until the
Effective Time, neither Guidant nor EVT nor any of their respective subsidiaries
or other affiliates shall (i) knowingly take any action, or knowingly fail to
take any action, that would jeopardize qualification of the Merger as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code; or (ii) enter
into any contract, agreement, commitment or arrangement with respect to the
foregoing.
5.14 SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN AND TAKEOVER STATUTES. EVT shall
take all action necessary to render the EVT Shareholder Rights Plan and the
rights issued pursuant thereto inapplicable to the transactions contemplated
hereby or by the Support Agreements. If any "fair price," "moratorium," "control
share acquisition" or other form of antitakeover statute or regulation,
including without limitation Section 203 of the DGCL, is or shall become
applicable to the transactions contemplated hereby or the Support Agreements,
EVT and the members of the Board of Directors of EVT shall grant such approvals
and take such actions as are necessary so that the transactions contemplated
hereby and by the Support Agreements may be consummated as promptly as
practicable on the terms contemplated hereby and by the Support Agreements and
otherwise act to eliminate or minimize the effects of such statute or regulation
on the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Support Agreements.
5.15 SUPPORT AGREEMENT LEGEND. EVT will inscribe upon any
Certificate representing the Shares tendered by a Stockholder (as such terms are
defined in the various Support Agreements dated the same date as this Agreement,
a list of which are included in Section 5.14 of the EVT Disclosure Schedule) for
such purpose the following legend: `THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE
$.00001 PER SHARE, OF EVT REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO A
SUPPORT AGREEMENT DATED AS OF OCTOBER 5, 1997, AND ARE SUBJECT TO TERMS THEREOF.
COPIES OF SUCH AGREEMENT MAY BE OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES OF
EVT.
5.16 CONVEYANCE TAXES. EVT and Guidant shall cooperate in the
preparation, execution and filing of all returns, questionnaires, applications
or other documents regarding any real property transfer or gains, sales, use,
transfer, value added, stock transfer and stamp Taxes, any transfer, recording,
registration and other fees or any similar Taxes which become payable in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement that are
required or permitted to be filed on or before the Effective Time.
5.17 TRANSFER TAXES. On or before the Closing Date, the Board of
Directors of EVT shall declare a special dividend (the "Special Dividend") to
the holders of EVT Common Stock in an amount equal to the amount of any real
property transfer or gains Taxes and/or stock transfer Taxes imposed on the
holders of EVT Common Stock by any state or other jurisdiction
28
<PAGE> 33
(and any penalties and interest with respect to such taxes) (the "Transfer
Taxes"), which become payable in connection with the Merger. In satisfaction of
the Special Dividend, EVT shall pay the Transfer Taxes on behalf of the holders
of EVT Common Stock. EVT and Guidant shall cooperate in the preparation,
execution and filing of any required returns with respect to such Transfer Taxes
(including returns on behalf of the holders of EVT Common Stock) and in the
determination of the portion of the consideration allocable to individual real
properties of EVT and the EVT Subsidiaries. The Proxy Statement/Prospectus shall
provide that the holders of EVT Common Stock shall be deemed to have (i)
authorized EVT to prepare, execute and file any Tax Returns relating to Transfer
Taxes and pay any Transfer Taxes arising in connection with the Merger, in each
case, on behalf of such holders, and (ii) agreed to be bound by the values and
allocations established by EVT and Guidant in the preparation of any return with
respect to the Transfer Taxes, if applicable.
5.18 COMPANY EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN. Outstanding purchase
rights under EVT's Stock Purchase Plan shall be exercised upon the earlier of
January 30, 1998 or immediately prior to the Effective Time, provided that if
the Effective Time is later than January 31, 1998, then a new Purchase Period
will commence on February 2, 1998 and will end upon the earlier of July 31, 1998
or immediately prior to the Effective Time, and each participant in the Stock
Purchase Plan shall accordingly be issued shares of EVT Common Stock at that
time pursuant to the terms of the Stock Purchase Plan and each share of EVT
Common Stock so issued shall by virtue of the Merger, and without any action on
the part of the holder thereof, be converted into the right to receive the
Exchange Consideration.
5.19 BENEFIT ARRANGEMENTS. (a) Guidant and EVT agree that Guidant
will provide benefits to EVT employees and officers following the Effective Time
that are substantially identical to the benefits currently provided to similarly
situated employees and officers of Guidant. From and after the Effective Time,
Guidant shall grant all employees credit for all service (to the same extent as
service with Guidant is taken into account with respect to similarly situated
employees of Guidant) with EVT prior to the Effective Time for (i) vesting
purposes and (ii) for purposes of vacation accrual after the Effective Time as
if such service with EVT was service with Guidant. Guidant and EVT agree that
where applicable with respect to any medical or dental benefit plan of Guidant,
Guidant shall waive any pre-existing condition exclusion and actively-at-work
requirements (provided, however, that no such waiver shall apply to a
pre-existing condition of any employee of EVT who was, as of the Effective Time,
excluded from participation in a plan by virtue of such pre-existing condition)
and provided that any covered expenses incurred on or before the Effective Time
by an employee or an employee's covered dependents shall be taken into account
for purposes of satisfying applicable deductible, coinsurance and maximum
out-of-pocket provisions after the Effective Time to the same extent as such
expenses are taken into account for the benefit of similarly situated employees
of Guidant.
(b) Any EVT employee who is terminated without cause after
the Effective Time will receive severance benefits which would result from the
Merger in accordance with the existing terms of the EVT Officers Severance Plan
or EVT Key Employees Severance Plan, to the extent such individual is eligible
under each such plan. This
29
<PAGE> 34
Section 5.19(b) is intended to benefit each beneficiary of such plans and shall
be enforceable by the beneficiaries of such plans.
(c) To the extent any matching contribution is paid or
payable to the EVT 401(k) Savings Plan, it shall be paid in cash.
ARTICLE 6
CONDITIONS
6.1 CONDITIONS TO EACH PARTY'S OBLIGATION TO EFFECT THE MERGER.
The respective obligation of each party to effect the Merger shall be subject to
the fulfillment at or prior to the Closing Date of the following conditions:
(a) This Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby shall have been approved by the holders of the issued and outstanding
shares of capital stock of EVT in accordance with the DGCL and EVT's Restated
Certificate of Incorporation.
(b) The waiting period applicable to the consummation of
the Merger under the HSR Act shall have expired or been terminated.
(c) None of the parties hereto shall be subject to any
order or injunction of a court of competent jurisdiction in the United States
which prohibits the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. In the event any such order or injunction shall have been issued,
each party agrees to use all reasonable efforts to have any such injunction
lifted.
(d) The Form S-4 shall have become effective and shall be
effective at the Effective Time, and no stop order suspending effectiveness of
the Form S-4 shall have been issued, no action, suit, proceeding or
investigation by the SEC to suspend the effectiveness thereof shall have been
initiated and be continuing, and all material approvals under state securities
laws relating to the issuance or trading of the Guidant Common Stock to be
issued to EVT stockholders in connection with the Merger shall have been
received.
(e) The Guidant Common Stock to be issued to EVT
stockholders in connection with the Merger shall have been approved for listing
on the NYSE and the Pacific Exchange, subject only to official notice of
issuance.
(f) All material consents, authorizations, orders and
approvals of (or filings or registrations with) any governmental commission or
other regulatory body required in connection with the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement shall have been obtained or made, except for
filings in connection with the Merger and any other documents which may be
required to be filed after the Effective Time.
30
<PAGE> 35
6.2 CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATION OF EVT TO EFFECT THE MERGER. The
obligation of EVT to effect the Merger shall be subject to the fulfillment at or
prior to the Closing Date of the following conditions:
(a) Guidant shall have performed in all material respects
their agreements contained in this Agreement required to be performed on or
prior to the Closing Date, the representations and warranties of Guidant and
Merger Sub contained in this Agreement, the Guidant Disclosure Schedule and
documents delivered at closing, other than the representations and warranties
contained in Section 4.8(i) of this Agreement, shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of the Closing Date, except that those representations and
warranties which address matters only as of a particular date shall have been
true and correct as of such date, and EVT shall have received a certificate of
the President or a Vice President of Guidant, dated the Closing Date, certifying
to such effect.
(b) EVT shall have received the opinion of Gunderson
Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP, counsel to EVT, dated the
Closing Date and based upon reasonably requested representation letters, to the
effect that the Merger will be treated for federal income tax purposes as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and that EVT and
Guidant will each be a party to that reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368(b) of the Code.
6.3 CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATION OF GUIDANT AND MERGER SUB TO EFFECT
THE Merger. The obligations of Guidant and Merger Sub to effect the Merger shall
be subject to the fulfillment at or prior to the Closing Date of the following
conditions:
(a) EVT shall have performed in all material respects its
agreements contained in this Agreement required to be performed on or prior to
the Closing Date, the representations and warranties of EVT contained in this
Agreement, the EVT Disclosure Schedule and documents delivered at closing shall
be true and correct in all material respects as of the Closing Date, except that
those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a
particular date shall have been true and correct as of such date, and Guidant
shall have received a certificate of the President or a Vice President of EVT,
dated the Closing Date, certifying to such effect.
(b) Guidant shall have received the opinion of Dewey
Ballantine LLP, counsel to Guidant, dated the Closing Date and based upon
reasonably requested representation letters, to the effect that the Merger will
be treated for Federal income tax purposes as a reorganization within the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, and that EVT and Guidant will each be a
party to that reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code.
(c) Guidant shall have received a letter of its
independent public accountants, dated the Effective Time, in form and substance
reasonably satisfactory to it, stating that such accountants concur with
management's conclusion that the Merger will qualify as a transaction to be
accounted for in accordance with the pooling of interests method of accounting
under the requirements of APB No. 16.
31
<PAGE> 36
(d) From the date of this Agreement through the Effective
Time, there shall not have occurred an EVT Material Adverse Effect.
ARTICLE 7
TERMINATION
7.1 TERMINATION BY MUTUAL CONSENT. This Agreement may be
terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective
Time, before or after the approval of this Agreement by the stockholders of EVT,
by the mutual consent of Guidant and EVT.
7.2 TERMINATION BY EITHER GUIDANT OR EVT. This Agreement may be
terminated and the Merger may be abandoned by action of the Board of Directors
of either Guidant or EVT if (a) the Merger shall not have been consummated by
March 31, 1998, or (b) the approval of EVT's stockholders required by Section
6.1(a) shall not have been obtained at a meeting duly convened therefor or at
any adjournment thereof, or (c) a United States federal, state, local or foreign
court of competent jurisdiction or United States federal or state, local or
foreign governmental, regulatory or administrative agency or commission shall
have issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action permanently
restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement and such order, decree, ruling or other action shall have become
final and nonappealable; provided, that the party seeking to terminate this
Agreement pursuant to this clause (c) shall have used all reasonable efforts to
remove such injunction, order or decree; and provided, in the case of a
termination pursuant to clause (a) above, that the terminating party shall not
have breached in any material respect its obligations under this Agreement in
any manner that shall have proximately contributed to the failure to consummate
the Merger by March 31, 1998. Notwithstanding the foregoing, EVT's ability to
terminate this Agreement pursuant to this subsection (b) and (c) of Section 7.2
is conditioned upon the prior payment by EVT of any amounts owed by it pursuant
to Section 7.5(a).
7.3 TERMINATION BY EVT. This Agreement may be terminated and the
Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, before or after
the adoption and approval by the stockholders of EVT referred to in Section
6.1(a), by action of the Board of Directors of EVT, if (a) in the exercise of
its good faith judgment as to fiduciary duties to its stockholders imposed by
law based on the advice of outside counsel, the Board of Directors of EVT
determines that such termination is required by reason of a Superior Proposal
being made, or (b) there has been a breach by Guidant or Merger Sub of any
representation or warranty contained in this Agreement that has had or will have
a Guidant Material Adverse Effect, which breach is not curable or, if curable,
is not cured within 30 days after written notice of such breach is given by EVT
to Guidant, (c) there has been a material breach of any of the covenants or
agreements set forth in this Agreement on the part of Guidant, which breach is
not curable or, if curable, is not cured within 30 days after written notice of
such breach is given by EVT to Guidant, or (d) the Closing Price is less than
$40.00. Notwithstanding the foregoing, EVT's
32
<PAGE> 37
ability to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.3 is conditioned
upon the prior payment by EVT of any amounts owed by it pursuant to Section
7.5(a).
7.4 TERMINATION BY GUIDANT. This Agreement may be terminated and
the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, before or
after the approval by the stockholders of EVT referred to in Section 6.1(a), by
action of the Board of Directors of Guidant, if (a) the Board of Directors of
EVT shall have withdrawn or modified in a manner materially adverse to Guidant
its approval or recommendation of this Agreement or the Merger or shall have
recommended an Alternative Proposal to EVT stockholders, (b) there has been a
breach by EVT of any representation or warranty contained in this Agreement that
has had or will have an EVT Material Adverse Effect, which breach is not curable
or, if curable, is not cured within 30 days after written notice of such breach
is given by Guidant to EVT, (c) there has been a material breach of any of the
covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement on the part of EVT, which
breach is not curable or, if curable, is not cured within 30 days after written
notice of such breach is given by Guidant to EVT, or (d) the Closing Price is
less than $40.00.
7.5 EFFECT OF TERMINATION AND ABANDONMENT. (a) EVT shall pay
Guidant a fee of $7 million, which amount shall be payable by wire transfer of
same day funds, within two business days after such amount becomes due, upon the
occurrence of any of the following events:
(i) EVT or Guidant terminates this Agreement pursuant to
clause (b) of Section 7.2 and prior to such termination, (x) a proposal with
respect to a Transaction shall have been made, and (y) within one year after
such termination, (A) any third party shall acquire beneficial ownership of more
than 50% of EVT's outstanding shares of voting stock, or (B) EVT shall enter
into any agreement with respect to any Transaction, and within such one year
period or thereafter, such Transaction is consummated;
(ii) Guidant terminates this Agreement pursuant to clause
(a) of Section 7.4;
(iii) EVT terminates this Agreement pursuant to clause (a)
of Section 7.3.
EVT acknowledges that the agreements contained in this Section 7.5(a) are an
integral part of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, and that,
without these agreements, Guidant and Merger Sub would not enter into this
Agreement; accordingly, if EVT fails to promptly pay the amount due pursuant to
this Section 7.5(a), and, in order to obtain such payment, Guidant or Merger Sub
commences a suit which results in a judgment against EVT for the full amount of
the fee set forth in this Section 7.5(a), EVT shall pay to Guidant its costs and
expenses (including attorneys' fees) in connection with such suit, together with
interest on the amount of the fee at the rate of 12% per annum from the date
such fee was required to be paid.
(b) In the event of termination of this Agreement and the
abandonment of the Merger pursuant to this Article 7, all obligations of the
parties hereto shall terminate, except the obligations of the parties set forth
in this Section 7.5 and Section 5.10 and except for
33
<PAGE> 38
the Confidentiality Agreement, dated October 1, 1996. Moreover, in the event of
termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.3 or 7.4, nothing herein
shall prejudice the ability of the nonbreaching party from seeking damages from
any other party for any breach of this Agreement, including without limitation,
attorneys' fees and the right to pursue any remedy at law or in equity.
Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, Guidant shall not have the
right to seek damages from any officer, director or employee of EVT.
7.6 EXTENSION; WAIVER. At any time prior to the Effective Time,
any party hereto, by action taken by its Board of Directors, may, to the extent
legally allowed, (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the
obligations or other acts of the other parties hereto, (b) waive any
inaccuracies in the representations and warranties made to such party contained
herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and (c) waive compliance
with any of the agreements or conditions for the benefit of such party contained
herein. Any agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or
waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on
behalf of such party.
7.7 CERTAIN RIGHTS OF GUIDANT. If EVT proposes to terminate this
Agreement pursuant to subsection (d) of Section 7.3, EVT shall first notify
Guidant in writing of its intent to so terminate this Agreement and Guidant
shall then have not less than five days from the date of receipt of written
notice by EVT to submit a final and best written offer (a "Final Offer") for a
change in the Exchange Consideration. If such Final Offer is accepted by EVT,
the parties thereto shall amend this Agreement to reflect such Final Offer and
shall make any appropriate amendments to the Registration Statement and the
Proxy Statement/Prospectus. Any decision by EVT to accept or reject a Final
Offer shall be at EVT's sole discretion.
ARTICLE 8
GENERAL PROVISIONS
8.1 NONSURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND AGREEMENTS.
All representations, warranties and agreements in this Agreement or in any
instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall not survive the Merger,
provided, however, that the agreements contained in Article 1, Article 2,
Section 5.11, Section 5.12, Section 5.19 and this Article 8 shall survive the
Merger to the extent contemplated by such sections.
8.2 NOTICES. Any notice required to be given hereunder shall be
sufficient if in writing, and sent by facsimile transmission, by courier or
other national overnight express mail service (with proof of service), hand
delivery or certified or registered mail (return receipt requested and
first-class postage prepaid), addressed as follows:
If to Guidant or Merger Sub:
Guidant Corporation
111 Monument Circle, 29th Floor
Indianapolis, IN 46204-5129
34
<PAGE> 39
Attention: General Counsel
with copies to:
Dewey Ballantine LLP
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019-6092
Attention: Bernard E. Kury, Esq.
Jonathan L. Freedman, Esq.
If to EVT:
EndoVascular Technologies, Inc.
1360 O'Brien Drive
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Attention: W. James Fitzsimmons.
with copies to:
Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP
155 Constitution Drive
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Attention: Robert V. Gunderson, Esq.
or to such other address as any party shall specify by written notice so given,
and such notice shall be deemed to have been delivered as of the date so
telecommunicated, personally delivered or mailed.
8.3 ASSIGNMENT; BINDING EFFECT. Neither this Agreement nor any of
the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any of the
parties hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior
written consent of the other parties. Subject to the preceding sentence, this
Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties
hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Notwithstanding anything
contained in this Agreement to the contrary, except for the provisions of
Section 5.11, nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to
confer on any person other than the parties hereto or their respective heirs,
successors, executors, administrators and assigns any rights, remedies,
obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement.
8.4 ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement, the Exhibits, the EVT
Disclosure Schedule, the Guidant Disclosure Schedule, the Confidentiality
Agreement dated October 1, 1996, between EVT and Guidant and any documents
delivered by the parties in connection herewith constitute the entire agreement
among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all
prior agreements and understandings among the parties with respect thereto. No
addition to or modification of any provision of this Agreement shall be binding
upon any party hereto unless made in writing and signed by all parties hereto.
35
<PAGE> 40
8.5 AMENDMENT. This Agreement may be amended by the parties
hereto, by action taken by their respective Boards of Directors, at any time
before or after approval of matters presented in connection with the Merger by
the stockholders of EVT and Guidant, but after any such stockholder approval, no
amendment shall be made which by law requires the further approval of
stockholders without obtaining such further approval. This Agreement may not be
amended except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the
parties hereto.
8.6 GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to
its rules of conflict of laws.
8.7 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed by the parties
hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered
shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one
and the same instrument. Each counterpart may consist of a number of copies
hereof each signed by less than all, but together signed by all of the parties
hereto.
8.8 HEADINGS. Headings of the Articles and Sections of this
Agreement are for the convenience of the parties only, and shall be given no
substantive or interpretive effect whatsoever.
8.9 INTERPRETATION. In this Agreement, unless the context
otherwise requires, words describing the singular number shall include the
plural and vice versa, and words denoting each gender shall include the other
gender and words denoting natural persons shall include corporations and
partnerships and vice versa.
8.10 WAIVERS. Except as provided in this Agreement, no action
taken pursuant to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any
investigation by or on behalf of any party, shall be deemed to constitute a
waiver by the party taking such action of compliance with any representations,
warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement. The waiver by
any party hereto of a breach of any provision hereunder shall not operate or be
construed as a waiver of any prior or subsequent breach of the same or any other
provision hereunder.
8.11 INCORPORATION OF EXHIBITS. The EVT Disclosure Schedule, the
Guidant Disclosure Schedule and all Exhibits attached hereto and referred to
herein are hereby incorporated herein and made a part hereof for all purposes as
if fully set forth herein.
8.12 SEVERABILITY. Any term or provision of this Agreement which
is invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to that jurisdiction,
be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability without
rendering invalid or unenforceable the remaining terms and provisions of this
Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of any of the terms or
provisions of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction. If any provision of this
Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, the provision shall be interpreted
to be only so broad as is enforceable.
8.13 ENFORCEMENT OF AGREEMENT. The parties hereto agree that
irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this
Agreement was not performed
36
<PAGE> 41
in accordance with its specific terms or was otherwise breached. It is
accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction or
injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically
the terms and provisions hereof, this being in addition to any other remedy to
which they are entitled at law or in equity.
8.14 SUBSIDIARIES. As used in this Agreement, the word
"Subsidiary" when used with respect to any party means any corporation or other
organization, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of which such party
directly or indirectly owns or controls at least a majority of the securities or
other interests having by their terms ordinary voting power to elect a majority
of the board of directors or others performing similar functions with respect to
such corporation or other organization, or any organization of which such party
is a general partner.
8.15 OTHER. Guidant agrees that any adverse effect on EVT
resulting from any of the matters set forth in clauses (i) through (iv) of the
proviso to the definition of EVT Material Adverse Effect in Section 3.1 shall
not be considered in determining whether there has been a material adverse
change to or effect on EVT for purposes of the Loan Agreement.
37
<PAGE> 42
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement and
caused the same to be duly delivered on their behalf on the day and year first
written above.
GUIDANT CORPORATION
By: /s/ JAY WATKINS
--------------------------------------
Name:
---------------------------------
Title:
--------------------------------
SKI ACQUISITION CORP.
By: /s/ JAY WATKINS
--------------------------------------
Name:
---------------------------------
Title:
--------------------------------
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By: /s/ W. JAMES FITZSIMMONS
--------------------------------------
Name: W. James Fitzsimmons
Title: President and Chief Executive
Officer
<PAGE> 43
EXHIBIT A
TO MERGER
AGREEMENT
FORM OF AFFILIATE LETTER
[GUIDANT]
[ADDRESS]
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I have been advised that as of the date of this letter I may be
deemed to be an "affiliate" of EndoVascular Technologies, Inc., a Delaware
corporation ("EVT"), as the term "affiliate" is (i) defined for purposes of
paragraphs (c) and (d) of Rule 145 of the rules and regulations (the "Rules and
Regulations") of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), or (ii) used in and for purposes
of Accounting Series, Releases 130 and 135, as amended, of the SEC (the "Pooling
Rules"). Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of
October 5, 1997 (the "Agreement"), between Guidant Corporation, an Indiana
corporation ("Guidant"), Ski Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a
wholly owned subsidiary of Guidant ("Merger Sub"), and EVT, Merger Sub will be
merged with and into EVT (the "Merger").
As a result of the Merger, I will receive shares of Common Stock,
without par value, of Guidant (the "Guidant Common Stock") in exchange for
shares owned by me of Common Stock, par value $.00001 per share, of EVT.
Compliance with the Act. In compliance with the Act and the Rules
and Regulations thereunder, I represent, warrant and covenant to Guidant that in
the event I receive any Guidant Common Stock as a result of the Merger:
A. I shall not make any sale, transfer or other disposition of
the Guidant Common Stock in violation of the Act or the Rules and Regulations.
B. I have carefully read this letter and the Agreement and
discussed the requirements of such documents and other applicable limitations
upon my ability to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Guidant Common
Stock, to the extent I felt necessary, with my counsel or counsel for EVT.
C. I have been advised that the issuance of Guidant Common Stock
to me pursuant to the Merger has been registered with the SEC under the Act on a
Registration Statement on Form S-4. However, I have also been advised that,
since at the time the Merger was submitted for a vote of the stockholders of
EVT, I may be deemed to have been an affiliate of EVT and the distribution by me
of the Guidant Common Stock has not been registered under the Act, I may not
sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Guidant Common Stock issued to me in
the Merger unless such sale, transfer or other disposition (i) has been
registered under the Act
A-1
<PAGE> 44
and all applicable state securities or "blue sky" laws, (ii) is made in
conformity with Rule 145 promulgated by the SEC under the Act and all applicable
state securities or "blue sky" laws, or (iii) in the opinion of counsel
reasonably acceptable to Guidant, or pursuant to a "no action" letter obtained
by the undersigned from the staff of the SEC, is otherwise exempt from
registration under the Act and all applicable state securities or "blue sky"
laws.
D. I understand that Guidant is under no obligation to register
the sale, transfer or other disposition of the Guidant Common Stock received by
me or on my behalf as a result of the Merger under the Act or to take any other
action necessary in order to make compliance with an exemption from such
registration available.
E. I also understand that stop transfer instructions will be
given to Guidant's transfer agents with respect to the Guidant Common Stock and
that there will be placed on the certificates for the Guidant Common Stock
issued to me, or any substitutions therefor, a legend stating in substance:
"THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ISSUED PURSUANT TO A
BUSINESS COMBINATION WHICH IS BEING ACCOUNTED FOR AS A POOLING OF
INTERESTS, IN A TRANSACTION TO WHICH RULE 145 PROMULGATED UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 APPLIES. THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS
CERTIFICATE MAY ONLY BE TRANSFERRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF AN
AGREEMENT DATED BETWEEN THE REGISTERED HOLDER HEREOF AND GUIDANT
CORPORATION, A COPY OF WHICH AGREEMENT IS ON FILE AT THE PRINCIPAL
OFFICES OF GUIDANT CORPORATION."
F. I also understand that unless the transfer by me of my Guidant
Common Stock has been registered under the Act or is a sale made in conformity
with the provisions of Rule 145 and all applicable state securities or "blue
sky" laws, Guidant reserves the right to put the following legend on the
certificates issued to my transferee:
"THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES OR
"BLUE SKY" LAWS AND WERE ACQUIRED FROM A PERSON WHO RECEIVED SUCH SHARES
IN A TRANSACTION TO WHICH RULE 145 PROMULGATED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT
OF 1933 APPLIES. THE SHARES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED BY THE HOLDER NOT WITH A
VIEW TO, OR FOR RESALE IN CONNECTION WITH, ANY DISTRIBUTION THEREOF
WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND MAY NOT BE SOLD,
PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH AN EXEMPTION
FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND ALL
APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES OR "BLUE SKY" LAWS.
A-2
<PAGE> 45
It is understood and agreed that the legends set forth in
paragraphs E and F above shall be removed by delivery of substitute certificates
without such legend if such legend is not required for purposes of the Act, any
applicable state securities or "blue sky" laws or this Agreement. It is
understood and agreed that such legends and the stop orders referred to above
will be removed if (i) one year shall have elapsed from the date the undersigned
acquired the Guidant Common Stock received in the Merger and the provisions of
Rule 145(d)(2) are then available to the undersigned, (ii) two years shall have
elapsed from the date the undersigned acquired the Guidant Common Stock received
in the Merger and the provisions of Rule 145(d)(3) are then available to the
undersigned, (iii) Guidant has received either an opinion of counsel, which
opinion and counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to Guidant, or a "no
action" letter obtained by the undersigned from the staff of the SEC, to the
effect that the restrictions imposed by Rule 145 under the Act and all
applicable state securities or "blue sky" laws no longer apply to the
undersigned or (iv) the shares of stock beneficially owned by me, any of my
affiliates and any person with whom I am acting in concert represent less than 1
% of the outstanding Guidant Common Stock and may be sold pursuant to Rule 144
during a single 90-day period.
2. Pooling Requirements. I further represent to and covenant with
Guidant that (A) I have not sold any shares of common stock of EVT within 30
days of the Effective Time (as defined in the Merger Agreement and (B) I will
not sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of (i) any shares of common stock of EVT
within 30 days of the Effective Time or (ii) any Guidant Common Stock received
by me in the Merger or any other shares of the capital stock of Guidant until
after such time as results covering at least 30 days of post-merger combined
operations of EVT and Guidant have been published by Guidant, in the form of a
quarterly earnings report, an effective registration statement filed with the
SEC, a report to the SEC on Form 10-K, 10-Q or 8-K, or any other public filing
or announcement which includes such combined results of operations and would
satisfy the Pooling Rules.
3. Certain Tax Matters. In connection with the qualification of
the receipt of Guidant Common Stock in the Merger as tax-free under Section
368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), I hereby
represent and warrant to Guidant as follows:
A. I am currently the owner of __________ shares of EVT Common
Stock and have not acquired, or made any Sale (as defined below) of EVT Common
Stock since ____________, 1997, or otherwise in contemplation of the Merger.
These shares constitute my entire interest in EVT.
B. Except with respect to (i) the exchange of EVT Common Stock
for Guidant Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, I have no current plan or
intent to engage in any Sale (as defined below) of any EVT Common Stock on, or
prior to, the Merger.
C. I have no current plan or intent to engage in a sale,
exchange, transfer, pledge, distribution, redemption, or any transaction that
reduces my risk of loss or potential for gain (by short sale or otherwise) with
respect to, or other disposition of, directly or indirectly (collectively, a
"Sale"), any Guidant Common Stock that I receive in the Merger. I am not
A-3
<PAGE> 46
aware of, or participating in, any plan or intent on the part of EVT's
stockholders (a "Plan") to engage in any Sale of Guidant Common Stock to be
issued in the Merger such that the aggregate fair market value, as of the
Effective Time of the shares subject to such Sale would exceed ten percent (10%)
of the aggregate fair market value of all shares of EVT Common Stock outstanding
immediately prior to the Merger (the "Outstanding EVT Common Stock"). A Sale of
Guidant Common Stock shall be considered to have occurred pursuant to a Plan if,
among other things, such sale, transfer or other disposition occurs in a
transaction that is in contemplation of, or related to, the Merger (a "Related
Transaction"). Additionally, for purposes of the foregoing, shares of EVT Common
Stock with respect to which a pre-Merger Sale occurs in a Related Transaction
shall be considered to be shares of Outstanding EVT Common Stock that are
exchanged for shares of Guidant Common Stock which are disposed of pursuant to a
Plan.
D. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, I acknowledge that I
will hold the Guidant Common Stock with an investment intent and, therefore, in
the event of a change of circumstances (including a change in financial
circumstances or a change in value of Guidant Common Stock), I may at some time
in the future engage in a Sale of some or all of my shares of Guidant Common
Stock. I do not intend to take a position on any federal or state income tax
return that is inconsistent with the treatment of the receipt of Guidant Common
Stock in the Merger as occurring pursuant to a reorganization qualifying as
tax-free under Section 368(a) of the Code.
E. I shall immediately notify Guidant in writing via facsimile
if, at any time prior to the Effective Time, any of the following
representations are untrue.
The representation, covenants and agreements contained herein
shall be true and correct at all times from the date hereof. I understand that
my obligations hereunder shall attach to and be binding upon any person or
entity to whom legal or beneficial ownership of my shares of EVT Common Stock
(and shares of Guidant Common Stock following the Merger) shall pass by
operation of law or otherwise.
Very truly yours,
Name:
Accepted this ______ day of
_______________, 1997 by
Guidant Corporation
By:
------------------------------------
Name:
Title:
A-4
<PAGE> 47
SUPPORT AGREEMENT
SUPPORT AGREEMENT, dated as of October 5, 1997, between Guidant
Corporation, an Indiana corporation ("Guidant"), and the undersigned
stockholders of EndoVascular Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("EVT")
(the "Stockholders," each a "Stockholder").
WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, each of the Stockholders own
(either beneficially or of record) that amount of shares of common stock, par
value $0.00001 per share ("EVT Common Stock"), of EVT as set forth opposite such
Stockholder's name on Schedule A attached hereto (all such shares and any shares
hereafter acquired by the Stockholder prior to the termination of this Agreement
being referred to herein as the "Shares");
WHEREAS, concurrently herewith, Guidant, Ski Acquisition Corp.
("Merger Sub") and EVT are entering into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (as
such Agreement may hereafter be amended from time to time, the "Merger
Agreement"), pursuant to which, upon the terms and subject to the conditions
thereof, Merger Sub will be merged with and into EVT (the "Merger"), and the
Surviving Corporation (as defined in the Merger Agreement) will be a wholly
owned subsidiary of Guidant; and
WHEREAS, as a condition to the willingness of Guidant to enter
into the Merger Agreement, Guidant has requested that the Stockholders agree,
and, in order to induce Guidant to enter into the Merger Agreement, the
Stockholders have agreed, to grant Guidant proxies to vote such Stockholder's
Shares;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the
mutual representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein
and in the Merger Agreement, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound,
hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
1.1 VOTING OF SHARES. Until the termination of this Agreement in
accordance with Section 4.13 hereof, each Stockholder hereby agrees as follows:
(a) The Stockholder shall, including by initiating a
written consent solicitation if requested by Guidant, vote (or cause to be
voted) the Shares in favor of the Merger, the approval and adoption of the
Merger Agreement and the approval of the other transactions contemplated by the
Merger Agreement, at any meeting of stockholders of EVT called to vote upon the
Merger and the Merger Agreement or at any adjournment thereof or in any other
circumstances upon which a vote, consent or other approval (including by written
consent) with respect to the Merger and the Merger Agreement is sought (the
"Special Meeting").
(b) The Stockholder, and any beneficiary of a revocable
trust for which the Stockholder serves as trustee, shall not take any action to
revoke or terminate such trust or take any other action which would restrict,
limit or frustrate the Stockholder's right to
<PAGE> 48
vote the Shares on behalf of such trust in accordance with this Agreement. Each
such beneficiary hereby acknowledges and agrees to be bound by the terms of this
Agreement applicable to it.
1.2 GRANT OF IRREVOCABLE PROXY; APPOINTMENT OF PROXY. (a) The
Stockholder hereby irrevocably grants to, and appoints, Guidant and James M.
Cornelius, Ronald W. Dollens and J.B. King, in their respective capacities as
officers of Guidant, and any individual who shall hereafter succeed to any such
office of Guidant, and each of them individually, the Stockholder's proxy and
attorney-in-fact (with full power of substitution), for and in the name, place
and stead of the Stockholder, to vote the Shares, or grant a consent or approval
in respect of the Shares, in favor of adoption of the Merger Agreement.
(b) The Stockholder represents that any proxies heretofore
given in respect of the Shares are not irrevocable, and that all such proxies
are hereby revoked. The Stockholder hereby affirms that the irrevocable proxy
set forth in this Section 1.2 is given in connection with the execution of the
Merger Agreement, and that such irrevocable proxy is given to secure the
performance of the duties of the Stockholder under this Agreement. The
Stockholder hereby further affirms that the irrevocable proxy is coupled with an
interest and may under no circumstances be revoked. The Stockholder hereby
ratifies and confirms all that such irrevocable proxy may lawfully do or cause
to be done by virtue hereof. Such irrevocable proxy is executed and intended to
be irrevocable in accordance with the provisions of Section 212(e) of the
Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL").
1.3 RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND CONVERSION. (a) Until the close
of business on the date of the Special Meeting, the Stockholder will not (i)
sell, assign, transfer, pledge or otherwise dispose of any of its Shares, (ii)
deposit its Shares into a voting trust or enter into a voting agreement or
arrangement with respect to such Shares or grant any proxy with respect thereto,
or (iii) enter into any contract, option or other arrangement or undertaking
with respect to the direct or indirect acquisition or sale, assignment, transfer
or other disposition of any EVT Common Stock.
(b) If, at the time the Merger Agreement is submitted for
approval to the stockholders of EVT, the Stockholder is an "affiliate" of EVT
for purposes of Rule 145 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or for
purposes of qualifying the Merger for pooling of interests accounting treatment
under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 16 and applicable Securities and
Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules and regulations, the Stockholder shall deliver
to Guidant on or prior to the Closing Date (as defined in the Merger Agreement)
a written agreement substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A to the
Merger Agreement.
(c) The Stockholder agrees to tender to Ski, within 10
business days after the date hereof (or, in the event the Shares are acquired
subsequent to the date hereof within 10 business days after the date of such
acquisition), any and all certificates representing the Shares in order that Ski
may inscribe upon such certificates the legend in accordance with Section 5.14
of the Merger Agreement, if such legend is required by law to be placed upon
such certificates.
<PAGE> 49
ARTICLE 2
2.1 AUTHORITY. The Stockholder has all requisite power and
authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and
delivered by the Stockholder and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of
the Stockholder enforceable against the Stockholder in accordance with its
terms. If the Stockholder is a natural person and is married, and the Shares
constitute community property or otherwise require spousal or other approval for
this Agreement to be legal, valid and binding, this Agreement has been duly
authorized, executed and delivered by, and constitutes a valid and binding
agreement of, the Stockholder's spouse, enforceable against such spouse in
accordance with its terms. No trust of which the Stockholder is a trustee
requires the consent of any beneficiary to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement or to the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
2.2 THE SHARES. The Stockholder is the record and beneficial
owner of or is trustee of a trust that is the record holder of, and whose
beneficiaries are the beneficial owners of, and has good and marketable title
to, the Shares, free and clear of any Liens whatsoever. The Stockholder does not
own, of record or beneficially, any shares of capital stock of EVT other than as
set forth on Schedule A. The Stockholder has the sole right to vote the Shares,
and none of such Shares is subject to any voting trust or other agreement,
arrangement or restriction with respect to the voting of such Shares, except as
contemplated by this Agreement.
2.3 NO VIOLATION. Neither the execution and delivery by the
Stockholder of this Agreement nor the consummation by the Stockholder of the
transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with the terms hereof, will: (i)
conflict with, or result in a breach of any provision of the Certificate of
Incorporation or Bylaws (or other comparable organizational documents, if any)
of the Stockholder; (ii) violate, conflict with, result in a breach of any
provision of, constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of
time or both, would constitute a default) under, any trust agreement, loan or
credit agreement, bond, note, mortgage, indenture, lease or other contract,
agreement, obligation, commitment, arrangement, understanding, instrument,
permit, concession, franchise, license, statute, law, ordinance, rule,
regulation, judgment, order, notice or decree, applicable to the Stockholder or
to the Stockholder's property or assets, including the Shares; (iii) other than
the expiration or termination of the waiting periods under the HSR Act (as
defined in the Merger Agreement) and informational filings with the SEC, require
any filing with, or permit, authorization, consent or approval of, any Federal,
state or local government or any court, tribunal, administrative agency or
commission or other governmental and regulatory authority or agency, domestic or
foreign, or (iv) violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or
regulation applicable to the Stockholder or any of the Stockholder's properties
or assets, including the Shares.
ARTICLE 3
3.1 NO SOLICITATION. Prior to the Effective Time (as defined in
the Merger Agreement), (a) the Stockholder shall not, and shall not permit any
agents and representatives (including, without limitation, any investment
banker, attorney or accountant retained by it) to,
<PAGE> 50
initiate, solicit or encourage, directly or indirectly, any inquiries or the
making or implementation of any proposal or offer (including, without
limitation, any proposal or offer to EVT's shareholders) with respect to an
Alternative Proposal (as defined in the Merger Agreement) or engage in any
negotiations concerning, or provide any confidential information or data to, or
have any discussions with, any person relating to an Alternative Proposal, or
otherwise facilitate any effort or attempt to make or implement an Alternative
Proposal and (b) the Stockholder will notify Guidant immediately in writing if
any such inquiries or proposals are received in writing by, any such information
is requested from, or any such negotiations or discussions are sought to be
initiated or continued with, it. Nothing in this section 3.1 shall preclude any
Stockholder who is also a director of EVT from taking any action solely in his
capacity as a director of EVT which is permitted by Section 5.1 of the Merger
Agreement.
ARTICLE 4
4.1 NOTICES. All notices and other communications given or made
pursuant hereto shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given
or made as of the date delivered, mailed or transmitted, and shall be effective
upon receipt, if delivered personally, mailed by registered or certified mail
(postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the parties at the following
addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like
changes of address) or sent by electronic transmission to the telecopier number
specified below:
If to Guidant:
Guidant Corporation
111 Monument Circle, 29th Floor
Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-5129
Attention: General Counsel
with a copy to:
Dewey Ballantine LLP
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019-6092
Attention: Bernard E. Kury, Esq.
Jonathan L. Freedman, Esq.
If to the Stockholder, to the address indicated on Schedule A
attached hereto for each respective Stockholder.
with a copy to:
Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP
155 Constitution Drive
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Attention: Robert V. Gunderson, Jr., Esq.
<PAGE> 51
Brooks Stough, Esq.
4.2 CERTAIN EVENTS. The Stockholder agrees that this Agreement
and the obligations hereunder shall attach to the Shares and shall be binding
upon any person or entity to which legal or beneficial ownership of such Shares
shall pass, whether by operation of law or otherwise, including the
Stockholder's heirs, guardians, administrators or successors. In the event of
any stock split, stock dividend, merger, reorganization, recapitalization or
other change in the capital structure of EVT affecting the EVT Common Stock, or
the acquisition of additional shares of EVT Common Stock or other voting
securities of EVT by the Stockholder, the number of Shares listed herein shall
be adjusted appropriately and this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall
attach to any additional shares of EVT Common Stock or other voting securities
of EVT issued to or acquired by the Stockholder.
4.3 ASSIGNMENT; BINDING EFFECT. Neither this Agreement nor any of
the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any of the
parties hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior
written consent of the other parties. Subject to the preceding sentence, this
Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties
hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Nothing in this Agreement,
expressed or implied, is intended to confer on any person other than the parties
hereto or their respective heirs, successors, executors, administrators and
assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of
this Agreement.
4.4 ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement constitutes the entire
agreement of the parties and supersedes all prior agreements and undertakings,
both written and oral, between the parties, or any of them, with respect to the
subject matter hereof.
4.5 AMENDMENTS. This Agreement may not be amended except by an
instrument in writing signed by each of the parties hereto.
4.6 GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving
effect to principles of conflicts of laws.
4.7 ENFORCEMENT. The parties agree that irreparable damage would
occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not
performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It
is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction or
injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically
the terms and provisions of this Agreement in any court of the United States
having jurisdiction, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they
are entitled at law or in equity. In addition, each of the parties hereto waives
any right to trial by jury with respect to any claim or proceeding related to or
arising out of this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby.
4.8 VOIDABILITY. If prior to the execution hereof, the Board of
Directors of EVT shall not have duly and validly authorized and approved by all
necessary corporate action, this Agreement, the Merger Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, so
<PAGE> 52
that by the execution and delivery hereof Guidant would become, or could
reasonably be expected to become an "interested stockholder" with whom EVT would
be prevented for any period pursuant to Section 203 of the DGCL from engaging in
any "business combination" (as such terms are defined in Section 203 of the
DGCL), then this Agreement shall be void and unenforceable until such time as
such authorization and approval shall have been duly and validly obtained.
4.9 SEVERABILITY. If any term or other provision of this
Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law
or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall
nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal
substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner
materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other
provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto
shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the
original intent of the parties as closely as possible to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law in an acceptable manner to the end that the
transactions contemplated hereby are fulfilled to the extent possible.
4.10 PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS. Except as required by law, the
Stockholder shall not issue any press release or other public statement with
respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Merger
Agreement without the prior written consent of Guidant.
4.11 HEADINGS. The headings contained in this Agreement are for
reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or
interpretation of this Agreement.
4.12 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each
of which when executed shall be deemed to be an original but all of which, taken
together, shall constitute one and the same agreement.
4.13 TERMINATION. This Agreement shall terminate automatically
immediately following the earlier of (i) termination of the Merger Agreement and
(ii) the closing of the Merger.
<PAGE> 53
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as
of the date first above written.
GUIDANT CORPORATION
By: /s/ JAY WATKINS
------------------------------------
Name:
Title:
MENLO EVERGREEN V, L.P
MENLO VENTURES IV, L.P.
By MV Management IV, L.P. General Partner
By: /s/ H. DUBOSE MONTGOMERY
--------------------------------------
H. DuBose Montgomery,
General Partner
H. DUBOSE MONTGOMERY
/s/ H. DUBOSE MONTGOMERY
-----------------------------------------
H. DuBose Montgomery
[SIGNATURE PAGE TO SUPPORT AGREEMENT]
<PAGE> 54
W. JAMES FITZSIMMONS
/s/ W. JAMES FITSIMMONS
-----------------------------------------
W. James Fitzsimmons
VAUGHN BRYSON
/s/ VAUGHN BRYSON
-----------------------------------------
Vaughn Bryson
TONY R. BROWN
/s/ TONY R. BROWN
-----------------------------------------
Tony R. Brown
[SIGNATURE PAGE TO SUPPORT AGREEMENT]
<PAGE> 55
SCHEDULE A
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHAREHOLDER SHARES OWNED
- ----------- ------------
<S> <C>
DuBose Montgomery 33,325
c/o Menlo Ventures
3000 Sand Hill Road
Building 4, Suite 100
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Menlo Ventures and its affiliated entities 2,107,921
3000 Sand Hill Road
Building 4, Suite 100
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Vaughn Bryson 23,809
800 Pembroke Court
Vero Beach, FL 32963
Tony R. Brown 26,190
6605 Canyon Hill Road
Anaheim Hills, CA 92807
James Fitzsimmons* 49,613
</TABLE>
* c/o EndoVascular Technologies, Inc.
1360 O'Brien Drive
Menlo Park, California 94025
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.16
AMENDMENT TO RIGHTS AGREEMENT BETWEEN
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND CHASEMELLON SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
THIS AMENDMENT TO RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this "Amendment") is made as
of the 5th day of October, 1997 by and between EndoVascular Technologies, Inc.,
a Delaware corporation (the "Corporation"), and ChaseMellon Shareholder
Services, as rights agent (the "Rights Agent").
WHEREAS, the Corporation is entering into an Agreement and Plan
of Merger (as the same may be amended from time to time, the "Merger Agreement")
among Guidant Corporation ("Guidant"), Ski Acquisition Corporation and the
Corporation, providing for transactions (collectively, the "Merger") pursuant to
which, among other things, the Corporation will become a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Guidant and the former stockholders of the Corporation will receive shares of
Guidant Common Stock.
WHEREAS, in connection with the Merger Agreement, certain
officers, directors and stockholders of the Corporation are entering into
Support Agreements (the "Support Agreements") with Guidant and are delivering
Affiliate Letters to Guidant (the "Affiliate Letters").
WHEREAS, the Corporation and the Rights Agent are parties to a
Rights Agreement dated as of February 5, 1997 (the "Rights Agreement").
WHEREAS, the parties desire to amend the Rights Agreement in
connection with the execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual
agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:
<PAGE> 2
1. The definition of "Acquiring Person" set forth in Section 1 of
the Rights Agreement is hereby amended by adding the following sentence to the
end of that definition:
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no person shall be an
Acquiring Person solely by reason of the execution and delivery
of the Agreement and Plan of Merger (as the same may be amended
from time to time, the "Merger Agreement") among Guidant
Corporation ("Guidant"), Ski Acquisition Corporation and the
Corporation, the Support Agreements between Guidant and certain
officers, directors and stockholders of the Corporation or the
receipt of Affiliate Letters by certain officers, directors and
stockholders of the Corporation.
2. The definition of "Final Expiration Date" set forth in Section
1 of the Rights Agreement shall be amended to read in its entirety as follows:
"Final Expiration" shall mean the earlier of (1) the
Effective Time, as that term is defined in the Merger Agreement,
or (2) March 3, 2007.
3. The definition of "Shares Acquisition Date" included in
Section 1 of the Rights Agreement shall be amended by adding the following
sentence to the end of such definition:
Notwithstanding anything else set forth in this Agreement,
a Shares Acquisition Date shall not be deemed to have occurred
solely by reason of the public announcement or public disclosure
of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated
thereby.
4. Section 3(a) of the Rights Agreement shall be amended by
adding the following sentence to the end thereof:
Notwithstanding anything else set forth in this Agreement,
no distribution date shall be deemed to have occurred solely by
reason of the execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement and
the transactions contemplated thereby.
5. The Rights Agreement, as amended by this Amendment, shall
remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms.
2
<PAGE> 3
6. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts and
each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original,
and all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties herein have caused this Amendment
to be duly executed and attested, all as of the date and years first above
written.
Attest: ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By: /s/ CRAIG E. WALKER By: /s/ W. JAMES FITZSIMMONS
--------------------------------- -------------------------------
Attest: CHASEMELLON SHAREHOLDER
SERVICES
By: /s/ DUANE K. KNUTSON By: /s/
--------------------------------- -------------------------------
Duane Knutson Joseph W. Thatcher
Assistant Vice President Assistant Vice President
3
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 11.1
ENDOVASCULAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
COMPUTATION OF NET LOSS PER SHARE
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended Sept. 30, Nine Months Ended Sept. 30,
---------------------------- ----------------------------
1997 1996 1997 1996
------- ------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net Loss $(6,113) $(3,507) $(15,380) $(9,399)
======= ======= ======== =======
Weighted average common shares outstanding 8,533 8,355 8,489 8,042
Common shares and options granted (using
the treasury stock method assuming an
initial public offering price price of
$12.00) since December 15, 1994 included
pursuant to Securities and Exchange
Commission Rules -- -- -- 62
------- ------- -------- -------
Weighted average common and equivalent
shares 8,533 8,355 8,489 8,042
======= ======= ======== =======
Net loss per common and equivalent share $ (0.72) $ (0.42) $ (1.81) $ (1.16)
======= ======= ======== =======
</TABLE>
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 9-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1997
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1997
<PERIOD-END> SEP-30-1997
<CASH> 4,536,962
<SECURITIES> 5,136,010
<RECEIVABLES> 1,331,200
<ALLOWANCES> 161,500
<INVENTORY> 340,807
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 12,198,614
<PP&E> 4,161,159
<DEPRECIATION> (1,356,019)
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 15,075,865
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 3,722,935
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 86
<OTHER-SE> 4,308,543
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 15,075,865
<SALES> 2,627,145
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 2,627,145
<CGS> 2,391,454
<TOTAL-COSTS> 2,391,454
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 16,024,717
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 44,301
<INCOME-PRETAX> (15,379,595)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 0
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (15,379,595)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (1.81)
<EPS-DILUTED> (1.81)
</TABLE>
