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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1999 Commission File No. 0-27742
CYLINK CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
95-3891600
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3131 Jay Street
Santa Clara, CA 95054
(Address of principal executive offices)
(408) 855-6000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YES X NO
--- ---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of the Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the
Registrant, based upon the closing sale price of the Common Stock on March 24,
2000, as reported by the Nasdaq National Market, was approximately
$191,355,000. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by
each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, based on
Schedule 13G filings, have been excluded from the computation in that such
persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status
is not a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of March 24, 2000, there were 30,435,631 shares of the Registrant's
Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Parts of the Registrant's Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of
Shareholders (the "Proxy Statement") to be held on May 17, 2000, are
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent stated
herein.
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PART I
This Report on Form 10-K includes statements that reflect our belief
concerning future events and financial performance. Statements which are not
purely historical in nature are called "forward-looking statements" within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We sometimes identify forward looking
statements with such words as "expects", "anticipates", "intends", "believes"
or similar words concerning future events.
You should not rely too heavily on these forward-looking statements. They
are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to
differ materially from past results or our predictions. For a description of
these risks see "Risk Factors" and other sections of this Report on Form 10-K.
You should also consult the risk factors listed from time to time in Cylink's
Reports on Form 10-Q, 10-Q/A, and 8-K.
All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on
information available to us as of the date of this Report on Form 10-K, and we
assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, or to
update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the
forward-looking statements.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
We develop, market and support a comprehensive family of secure e-business
solutions. We believe our cryptographically-based products provide the most
secure, flexible and easily managed solutions for expanding our customers'
businesses.
Our solutions provide competitive advantages for our customers by building
trust into their communications networks. We create trust in customers'
networks by securing the access, privacy and integrity of information when it
is transmitted over their local area networks ("LANs"), as well as globally
over wide area networks ("WANs"), and public networks, such as the Internet.
These trusted solutions enable our customers to merge their operations and
transactions onto their existing networks, maximize their use, reduce the costs
of their operations, and expand their businesses. Our customers include leading
Fortune 500 corporations, multinational financial institutions and numerous
agencies within the United States Government.
INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
The introduction of new data services for enterprise WANs, the use of the
Internet for enterprise communications and transactions and the continued
growth in LANs, have increased the demand for reliable, easily managed security
solutions. Until recently, corporate communication networks within the United
States typically relied on private lines leased from telephone carriers.
Competing services based on shared networks, such as frame relay and
Assynchronous Transfer Mode ("ATM"), and public networks such as the Internet,
now offer alternatives for ever increasing communications. Enterprises are
adopting these varied network services to communicate and conduct their
transactions with business partners and customers. However, this growing
dependence on diverse, non-private networks magnifies both the risk of exposing
highly valuable enterprise information to unauthorized parties and the
complexity of managing reliable security solutions. Our customers' needs to
expand their e-business services without jeopardizing the integrity of their
electronic information, and to easily manage their e-business security
solutions, create a market for our products and services.
Prior to the invention of public key cryptography at Stanford University
in 1976, the expense of managing and distributing unique cryptographic "keys"
limited the use of cryptographic solutions to governments and large financial
institutions. Public key cryptography offered the first economical method for
electronically automating cryptographic key management, drastically reducing
the cost of owning and operating cryptographic devices. In addition, public key
cryptography enables the use of "digital certificates" to establish
correspondents' identities, the authenticity of their communications and their
privileges within a network. By incorporating public key cryptography into our
products, we can satisfy customers' demands for reliable, easily managed
security solutions for their e-businesses.
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We provide a comprehensive portfolio of integrated security solutions. Our
public key based solutions create a secure, virtual private network ("VPN") for
transmitting high value information. Our link, frame relay and ATM security
appliances can be deployed easily throughout the network to assure the
integrity and privacy of information transmitted over private leased lines or
shared network services, These network security appliances are designed to
secure existing networks without reducing performance or requiring
modifications to customers' existing network hardware or software. This ease of
"drop in" integration is accomplished with a broad range of hardware and
software implementations of network interfaces, which enable our security
appliances to connect to most networks in use throughout the world. We also
offer a unified management platform for all of our security appliances to
authenticate these devices, configure their use and centrally manage their
operation. Today, we offer software solutions for managing access to the
network over the Internet and we expect by the middle of this year to begin
production of our latest Internet security appliance. Our solutions include our
public key infrastructure ("PKI") for managing the digital identities and
privileges of all correspondents on the customer's network. We also offer
professional services to integrate and support our solutions within the
customer's enterprise, and product-independent consulting to assess customers'
network security risks and policies.
COMPANY HISTORY
Founded in 1983, we are the first company created to market public key
based security solutions for high value networks. By 1985 we introduced to the
market our first line of link encryptors to secure private leased lines. Ten
years later, we began introducing our first security appliances for frame relay
services and the Internet. In 1997, we merged with Algorithmic Research Ltd.
("ARL"), and introduced to our customers ARL's services and solutions for
remote access over the Internet, smart cards and readers. In July 1999, we
acquired Security Design International, Inc. ("SDI"), and its security
consulting services for our customers.
In February and March of 1996, we completed our initial public offering
and our Common Stock began trading on the Nasdaq National Market under the
symbol CYLK.
We operate in one industry reportable segment--network security products.
Our principal operations outside of the United States comprise research and
development in Israel, as well as sales and service offices located in Israel,
the United Kingdom and several other countries in Europe and the Far East. See
Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for geographic area
information.
The following table sets forth our principal products and services:
Products and Services Description
- ------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------
Internet Security--VPNs
NetHawk Site-to-Site VPN Appliance for ISPs Providing
VPN Services
NetConneXion Security Appliance For Internet Connections
Between Routers
PrivateWire Software Solution For Internet Communications
PKI
NetAuthority Highly Scalable Software For Trusted
Authentication
Management
PrivaCy Manager Software For Managing Numerous
Security Devices
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Products and Services Description
- ----------------------------- -----------------------------------------------
WAN Security
Cylink Link High Speed Appliance For Point-To-Point
Encryptor Communications
Frame Relay High Speed Appliance for Frame Relay Networks
ATM Encryptors High Speed Appliances For ATM Networks
Smart Cards
PrivateCard and Embedded Cryptographic Processors and Secure
PrivateSafe PIN Readers
Consulting Services
Security Design Product Independent Security Assessments
International Group and Policies
Integration And Custom Development
Algorithmic Over 10 Years Of Experience Designing and
Research Ltd. Implementing Security Solutions
Internet Security--VPNs
NetHawk. NetHawk is our latest security appliance for site-to-site
communications over the Internet. NetHawk will encrypt thousands of
simultaneous connections at speeds of from 10 to 100 Mbps using strong, triple
DES encryption. Like all of our products, NetHawk uses public key cryptography
for fully automated key management. We announced NetHawk on January 14, 2000,
and began beta testing units at customer sites in the first quarter of 2000. We
expect to begin delivering production units to customers by mid 2000.
NetConneXion. NetConneXion is a security appliance that allows companies
using the Cisco High-Level Data Link Control (C-HDLC) protocol to interconnect
securely over an Internet Protocol (IP) backbone network. NetConneXion is
targeted at ISPs and other IP carriers that wish to offer outsourcing of VPN
services as a value-added service. NetConneXion is offered in two models, the
HC, a high-speed (4 Mbps clock rate) encryptor, and the LC, a low-speed device
with rates up to 256 Kbps. We began delivering NetConneXion in the second half
of 1999.
PrivateWire. PrivateWire gateways and clients, including SecureSource and
SecureDestination clients, are a family of bundled security services, which can
be integrated into almost any network environment, with little or no
application, system, or network modifications. PrivateWire security services
include authorization management and remote access control, as well as a
comprehensive security infrastructure, over TCP/IP communications. Security is
provided at the application as well as the communications level.
Application-level security allows for digital signing of sensitive
transactions, reciprocal authentication is established using public key
cryptography and communications are encrypted using one-time session keys.
Public Key Infrastructure
NetAuthority. NetAuthority is a highly scalable, standards-based public
key infrastructure, or PKI, system that enables a wide variety of applications
including secure email, secure web browsing, virtual private networking or VPN
and e-commerce. NetAuthority consists of a Certificate Authority, Registration
Server, Registration Authority and a PKI Toolkit that provides all the
components necessary to make applications and devices PKI-aware. NetAuthority
is based on our PKI delivered to the United States Post Office under a
development agreement to support delivery of postage over the Internet which,
based
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on certificate count to date, is one of the largest PKIs currently in
operation. Cylink began demonstrating NetAuthority in January 2000 and expects
to begin delivering this product by mid 2000.
Management
PrivaCy Manager. PrivaCy Manager provides a single, Java-based, security
management platform for all of our Internet Security and WAN Security
appliances. PrivaCy Manger's graphical representation of the network's
topology, and its point-and-click interface, simplifies the tasks of
configuring, modifying and managing the network's security. Furthermore,
PrivaCy Manager can implement a broad range of security policies for
determining access to network security devices, while preventing unauthorized
devices from masquerading as legitimate devices within the customer's network.
PrivaCy Manager's ease of management is one of our competitive advantages in
lowering the customer's total cost of network security.
WAN Security
Cylink Link Encryptors. The Cylink Link Encryptor and its predecessor, the
CIDEC product families, are network appliances that form a complete line of
link encryptors for securing sensitive data transmitted over high-speed,
point-to-point or dial-up communication links. Our Link Encryptors secure data
communications at speeds up to 2 Mbps over private and public networks and
support most widely used data link protocols.
Cylink Frame Encryptor. The Frame Encryptor is a network appliance that
provides high-speed high-level security for frame relay networks. It encrypts
data at speeds of up to 4 Mbps and is scalable across a wide range of networks
and applications. It positively identifies other Frame Encryptor units and will
not accept frames from unauthorized sources. Once a connection is made, data is
encrypted as it flows between nodes and different encryption keys are used for
each virtual circuit.
Cylink ATM Encryptor. The ATM Encryptor is a family of security gateways
for ATM networks operating at varying speeds. It creates a virtual trusted
network that provides data privacy and access control for connections between
trusted ATM local area networks across public ATM wide area networks.
Smart Cards
PrivateCard. PrivateCard is an advanced, electronic smart card with an
on-board Public Key processor. PrivateCard serves as a secure personal token
for authenticated and encrypted transactions.
PrivateSafe. PrivateSafe is a highly portable secure PIN smart card reader
that is easily installed by merely plugging in two cables between the keyboard
and the client computer.
Consulting Services
Security Design International Group. Acquired by us in July 1999, SDI
consultants are product-independent security professionals who provide security
assessments, risk management analysis, policy guidance and implementation,
penetration testing of customers' networks, PKI policies and security awareness
programs.
Integration And Custom Development
Algorithmic Research Ltd. Acquired by us in 1997, ARL has over ten years
of experience in developing and integrating security components and products
within customers' networks. ARL is responsible for developing a number of
Cylink's products, including NetHawk, PrivateWire, PrivateCard and PrivateSafe.
Market Acceptance of Our Latest Products
Our future results of operations will be highly dependent on the
successful marketing and customer acceptance of our latest products, including
both NetHawk and NetAuthority. These newly developed products require
additional work, enhancement, testing and further refinement before they can be
made commercially available by us or achieve market acceptance. If such new and
recently introduced products
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have performance, reliability, quality or other shortcomings, then such
products could fail to achieve market acceptance and we may experience reduced
orders, higher manufacturing costs, delays in collecting accounts receivable
and additional warranty and service expenses, which in each case could have a
material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Sales, Marketing and Customer Support
We market our products primarily through our direct sales force and, to an
increasing extent, through distributors. Our direct sales force operates from
our headquarters in Santa Clara, California, ARL's offices in Petach Tikva,
Israel, and other regional sales offices located in the United States, Europe,
and the Far East. Our sales force, engineers and technical personnel work
closely with customers in order to determine system security and network
configurations that meet the customers' needs.
International sales are made primarily through our headquarters in Santa
Clara, CA, five foreign sales offices, and numerous distributors. We do not
have long-term contractual relationships with any of our distributors and,
therefore, have no assurance of a continuing relationship within a given
market.
To date, the majority of our customers for our network security products
have been Fortune 1000 companies, financial institutions, government agencies
and telecommunication carriers who rely on our WAN Security Products to encrypt
and secure their WANs operating over private leased lines and packet switched
networks.
We believe that customer support is essential to developing and
maintaining good relationships with our customers. Our support personnel are
responsible for providing installation, technical training, technical support,
on-site support and repair services. We offer end-users a number of different
levels of support, maintenance and service options, including extended
warranties, emergency replacement services, product upgrades and on-site
support. We offer service and support from our headquarters and from service
and support centers in New Jersey, the United Kingdom, Brussels, Israel and
Singapore. Telephone support is available twenty-four hours per day, seven days
per week, through a toll-free hotline.
Our products developed or manufactured in the United States are subject to
the export control laws of the United States and regulations promulgated by the
U.S. Department of Commerce. Certain limitations applied by the Commerce
Department affect the functionality of the products which may be exported to
foreign governments. In addition, these United States export laws prohibit the
export of encryption products to a number of hostile countries. Similar export
control laws also apply to our products and technology developed by ARL in
Israel, and exported to customers outside of Israel.
Although to date we have been able to secure the necessary export licenses
to compete effectively in the international market we may not be able to secure
such licenses in a timely manner in the future, or at all. In certain foreign
countries, our distributors are required to secure licenses or formal
permission before encryption products can be imported. To date, except for
certain limited cases, our distributors have not been denied permission to
import our products. For more information on our sales, marketing and customer
support activities, see "Risk Factors."
Backlog
Orders for our products are usually placed by customers on an as-needed
basis and we have typically been able to ship products within thirty to sixty
days after the customer submits a firm purchase order. Our backlog consists of
all orders received, where the anticipated shipping date is within twelve
months. Because of the possibility of customer changes in delivery schedules or
cancellation of orders, our backlog as of any particular date may not be
indicative of sales in any future period. We do not generally maintain
long-term contracts with our customers that require them to purchase our
products. Our backlog for continuing operations as of December 31, 1998 and
1999 was approximately $3.1 million and $7.3 million, respectively. For more
information on our product sales cycle, see "Risk Factors."
Manufacturing
Our manufacturing operations consist primarily of component procurement,
final assembly and test, and quality control of subassemblies and systems. Our
standalone software products are replicated at our
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facilities. We generally use domestic independent contractors to manufacture
and assemble printed circuit boards and the metal packaging for our hardware
appliances. The manufacturing process enables us to configure the hardware and
software in combinations to meet a wide variety of customer requirements. We
install our software into the electronically programmable read-only memory of
our products to maintain quality control and security, and perform "burn-in"
procedures and functional tests, as well as comprehensive inspections to ensure
the quality and reliability of our products.
Our product designs are proprietary but generally incorporate
industry-standard algorithms and hardware components. However, certain
semiconductor devices, electronic components and subassemblies are currently
purchased from sole source suppliers. Specifically, each of our custom designed
integrated circuits, including our encryption circuits, are manufactured by one
supplier at a time. Our sole source suppliers include Atmel Corp., Motorola,
Inc. and Chip Express. Certain other components are presently available or
acquired from only a limited number of suppliers. Our ability to timely deliver
our products is highly dependent upon the availability of quality components
and subsystems from these suppliers. We also depend in part upon subcontractors
to manufacture, assemble and deliver in a timely and satisfactory manner. A
failure to find an adequate source of supply for components selected by our
design engineers for new products, such as NetHawk, or a significant
interruption in the delivery of sole source items from existing suppliers could
have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Although we
believe, if necessary, that we will be able to locate another source for
components and subsystems, the delay in receiving supplies and in production of
our finished goods, may be material. For more information on our manufacturing
dependencies, see "Risk Factors."
Intellectual Property and Other Proprietary Rights
We rely on patents, trademarks, copyrights, licenses and trade secret law
to establish and preserve our intellectual property rights. We own a number of
U.S. patents covering certain aspects of our network security product designs,
and have additional U.S. patent applications pending. We regularly evaluate the
applicability of our patents to other products of third parties. We also seek
to protect our proprietary rights through a combination of employee and third
party nondisclosure agreements. For more information on our intellectual
property and other proprietary rights, see "Risk Factors."
Research and Development
The market for our products is characterized by rapidly changing
technologies, extensive research and new product introductions. We believe that
our future success will depend in part upon our ability to continue to enhance
our existing products and to develop, manufacture and market new products. As a
result, we expect to continue to make a significant investment in engineering
and research and development. In 1998 and 1999 we incurred $17.7 million in
each year in research and development.
Competition
We compete in the market for network security solutions based on our
portfolio of products and services, their ease of deployment within customers'
existing networks and our integrated management platform for our network
security appliances. We believe that our offering of network appliances and
software solutions is the optimum selection for customers who are seeking to
expand their e-businesses with various network services. We also believe that
our cryptography-based products offer a more flexible, easily managed solution
for our customers' networks than other vendors' security solutions. Our
consulting and integration services provide an opportunity for our customers to
learn more about network security issues, and for us to learn more about the
market's requirements for improvements to our solutions. We also believe that
we can increase the demand for our products and services by increasing the
market's awareness of network security and its contribution to customers'
e-businesses.
Our competitors in the network security market, including companies that
offer products similar to or perceived as an alternative to our products,
include Axent Technologies, Inc., Checkpoint Software Technologies, Ltd.,
Information Resource Engineering, Inc., Network Associates, Inc., Secure
Computing Corporation, Racal Corporation and RSA Security, Inc. Our PKI
product, NetAuthority, will be
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competing with products offered by other vendors, including Baltimore
Technologies, Entrust Technologies, Inc. and VeriSign Inc., that already have
numerous customers and significantly greater market recognition. Our
professional services business competes with very large consulting
organizations such as Arthur Andersen, PricewaterhouseCoopers and other
entities which have formidable resources to market and support their security
consulting businesses. Our OEM supplier for our ATM Encryptor product also
competes with us through other channels, for sales of this product. Our smart
cards compete with numerous vendors, including Gemplus, S.A and Schlumberger
Ltd. A number of significant vendors, including Microsoft, America On Line and
Cisco Systems, have embedded security solutions in their software. For more
information on our competition see "Risk Factors."
Employees
As of December 31, 1999, we had 377 employees, of whom 103 were primarily
engaged in research and development, 174 in sales, marketing and related
customer support services, 56 in administration and 44 in manufacturing. Of
these employees approximately 39 were located in Europe, 72 in Israel, and 8 in
Asia. None of our employees is represented by a collective bargaining agreement
with respect to his or her employment by us, nor have we experienced any
organized work stoppage. We consider our relations with our existing employees
to be good.
Factors Affecting Stock Price
The market price of our stock may fluctuate substantially over short time
periods due to a number of factors, including facts that could affect our
future financial performance. The price may also be affected by factors that
influence the overall market for stocks, or stocks of high technology companies
in particular. For more information on factors affecting the price of our
Common Stock, see "Risk Factors."
RISK FACTORS
We have a history of losses and expect this to continue for the foreseeable
future.
We incurred losses from continuing operations in 1999 and for each of the
prior four years. We expect to continue to incur net losses through 2000. We
might not increase or maintain our revenue or be profitable on a quarterly or
an annual basis in the future.
Our quarterly operating results may vary in the future, which could cause our
stock price to drop.
We have historically experienced significant fluctuations in our operating
results on a quarterly basis and could experience such fluctuations in the
future. Our operating results are affected by a number of factors, many of
which are outside of our control, including the following:
* the timing of the introduction by us or by our competitors of new or
enhanced products;
* market acceptance of our new products and those of our competitors;
* the timing, cancellation or delay of customer orders, including
cancellation or delay in anticipation of new product introductions or
enhancements or resulting from uncertainty relating to intellectual
property claims;
* changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
* changes in operating expenses, including those resulting from changes in
available production capacity of independent foundries and other
suppliers and the availability of raw materials;
* delays in manufacturing due to shortages in components or unanticipated
revisions in product design;
* expenses incurred in seeking to obtain, enforce and defend claims with
respect to intellectual property rights;
* changes in the revenue mix from products or services sold;
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* changes in the percentage of products sold through our direct sales
force;
* loss of an important customer;
* failure to grow our customer base in accordance with market expectations;
* customer discounts and credits; and
* our limited ability to reduce expenses to offset any unexpected shortfall
in revenue growth or decrease in revenue.
We expect to introduce a number of new products during the remainder of
2000. The failure of any such products to achieve market acceptance when
anticipated, or at all, would materially and adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations.
Revisions in accounting estimates could adversely affect the calculation of our
future operating results.
In connection with the acquisition of ARL in September 1997, we allocated
$63.9 million of the purchase price to in-process research and development
("IPR&D"), and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
recorded an immediate charge off of that amount on the date of acquisition. The
amount allocated to IPR&D was determined in a manner consistent with widely
recognized appraisal practices.
In a letter dated September 15, 1998, to the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants, the Chief Accountant of the Securities and
Exchange Commission ("SEC") indicated the SEC Staff's concerns related to
certain appraisal practices generally employed in determining the fair value of
IPR&D. As a result, it is possible that the SEC staff may require that any
enterprise that recorded an IPR&D charge revise its estimate of the value of
the IPR&D. To the extent we are required by the SEC Staff to retroactively
revise our estimate of the value of IPR&D, such revision could result in the
capitalization of additional goodwill, the amortization of which would reduce
future operating results.
Pending Litigation
See Item 3. "Legal Proceedings."
Our sales cycles are long and unpredictable, which makes period-to-period
revenues difficult to predict.
Sales of our products generally involve a significant commitment of
capital by customers, with the attendant delays frequently associated with
large capital expenditures. For these and other reasons, the sales cycle
associated with our products is typically lengthy and subject to a number of
significant risks over which we have little or no control. We are often
required to ship products shortly after we receive orders and, consequently,
order backlog at the beginning of any period has, at times in the past,
represented only a small portion of that period's expected revenue. As a
result, product revenue in any period is substantially dependent on orders
booked and shipped in that period. Although we recently have experienced
changes in our customers' delivery requirements, resulting in significantly
greater backlog in the last two quarters of 1999 than in prior periods, our
product revenue will continue to be heavily dependent on orders booked in the
current quarter. We typically plan our production and inventory levels based on
internal forecasts of customer demand, which are highly unpredictable and can
fluctuate substantially. If revenue falls significantly below anticipated
levels, as it has at times in the past, our financial condition and results of
operations would be materially and adversely affected. In addition, our
operating expenses are based on anticipated revenue levels and a high
percentage of our expenses are generally fixed in the short term. Based on
these factors, a small fluctuation in the timing of sales can cause operating
results to vary significantly from period to period. It is possible that in the
future our operating results will again be below the expectations of securities
analysts and investors. In such an event, or in the event that adverse
conditions prevail or are perceived to prevail generally or with respect to our
business, the price of our Common Stock would likely be adversely affected.
These factors make it difficult to predict our financial performance. As
our quarterly results fluctuate, they may fall below the expectations of public
market analysts or investors. If this occurs, the price of our common stock may
drop.
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We are dependent on recently introduced and new network security products.
Our future results of operations will be highly dependent on the
successful completion of the design, development, introduction, marketing and
manufacture of the NetAuthority and NetHawk products, as well as successful
marketing and manufacture of the Cylink Link Encryptors, PrivaCy Manager,
PrivateWire and Cylink Frame Encryptor products. To date, we have made only
limited commercial shipments of certain of such products and, in some cases, no
commercial shipments of certain of such products. Our development engineers
employed by ARL in Israel delivered NetHawk in January for beta testing with
customers in the United States, and our ability to commence production at our
Santa Clara facilities depends on the availability and delivery schedules for
components, or suitable alternatives, selected by our design engineers.
NetAuthority is based on a pilot system delivered for the first time in
mid-1999 under a development contract with the United States Postal Service.
These products may require additional development work, enhancement, and
testing or further refinement before they can be introduced and made
commercially available by us or achieve market acceptance. If such new and/or
other recently introduced products have performance, reliability, quality or
other shortcomings, such products could fail to achieve market acceptance. The
failure by our new or existing products to achieve or enjoy market acceptance,
whether for these or other reasons, could cause us to experience reduced
orders, higher manufacturing costs, delays in collecting accounts receivable
and additional warranty and service expenses, which in each case could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations. Furthermore, we rely on a third party original equipment
manufacturer to supply our ATM Encryptor product, and we have no assurance this
contract will be renewed.
Competition
Competition is intense among providers of network security systems, and we
expect such competition to increase in the future. Significant competitive
factors in these markets include:
* the development of new products and features;
* product quality and performance;
* the quality and experience of sales, marketing and service organizations;
* product price;
* name recognition; and
* perception of our stability and long-term viability.
Many of these factors are beyond our control.
Our competitors in the information security markets, including companies
that offer products similar to or as an alternative to the Company's products,
include Axent Technologies, Inc., Checkpoint Software Technologies, Ltd.,
Information Resource Engineering, Inc. Network Associates, Inc., Secure
Computing Corporation, Racal-Guardata, Inc., and RSA Security, Inc. Our PKI
product, NetAuthority, will be competing with numerous PKI products offered by
other vendors, including Baltimore Technologies, Entrust Technologies, Inc.,
and VeriSign Inc., that already have numerous customers and significantly
greater market recognition. Our professional services business competes with
very large consulting organizations such as Arthur Andersen,
PricewaterhouseCoopers and other entities which have formidable resources to
market and support their security consulting businesses. Our original equipment
manufacturer ("OEM") supplier of its ATM Encryptor product also competes with
us through other channels, for sales of this product. Our smart cards compete
with numerous vendors, including Gemplus, S.A and Schlumberger Ltd. A number of
significant vendors, including Microsoft Corporation, America On Line, Inc. and
Cisco Systems, Inc., have embedded security solutions in their software. To the
extent that these embedded or optional security capabilities provide all or a
portion of the functionality provided by our products, our products may no
longer be required by customers to attain network security.
Certicom Corporation and RSA Security, Inc., license various methods of
implementing public key cryptography, including some that are different from
(and incompatible with) the method of implementing public key cryptography
currently used in most of our products. Although we have a license to use all
9
<PAGE>
of the public key methods promoted by Certicom and RSA DSI, to the extent
significant segments of the network security market adopt technical standards
different from those currently used by us, to the exclusion of our methods,
sales of our existing and planned products in that market segment may be
adversely impacted, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations.
Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial, technical,
marketing, distribution and other resources, greater name recognition and
longer standing relationships with customers than we possess. Competitors with
greater financial resources are better able to engage in more aggressive
marketing campaigns and sustained price reductions in order to gain market
share. Any period of sustained price reductions would have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We may not be able
to compete successfully in the future and competitive pressures may result in
price reductions, loss of market share or otherwise have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We face the risks from tort and warranty claims that may be made against
us. Customers rely on our network security products to prevent unauthorized
access to their networks and data transmissions. A malfunction or the
inadequate design of our products could result in tort or warranty claims. A
breach of a customer's network by an unauthorized party, which is attributable
to an alleged defect in our products, may cause substantial damages due to loss
or compromise of the customer's valuable information. Furthermore, there is
inadequate legal precedent for allocating responsibility for such losses caused
by the wrongful acts of third parties. Although we attempt to reduce the risk
of such losses through warranty disclaimers and liability limitation clauses in
its sales and license agreements and by maintaining product liability
insurance, there can be no assurance that such measures will be effective in
limiting our liability for any such damages. Any liability for damages
resulting from security breaches could be substantial and could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, a well-publicized actual or perceived security breach could
adversely affect the market's perception of security products in general, or
our products in particular, regardless of whether such breach is attributable
to our products. This could result in a decline in demand for our products,
which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
We may be unable to retain our executive officers and key personnel that are
critical to our business.
On November 4, 1998 Mr. William C. Crowell, formerly Vice President of
Product Strategy, was promoted to President and Chief Executive Officer, and on
November 16, 1998 Mr. Roger A. Barnes became our Chief Financial Officer. Our
future success will depend on the abilities of Mr. Crowell and the
contributions by our other executive officers, key management and technical
personnel. The loss of the services of one or more of our executive officers or
key personnel, or the inability to continue to attract and retain qualified
personnel, could delay product development cycles or otherwise have a material
adverse effect on our business and operating results.
We may not be able to hire and retain sufficient technical, marketing and
management personnel that we need to succeed because these people are limited
in number and in high demand.
We may not be able to hire and retain sufficient technical, marketing and
management personnel that we need to succeed because these people are limited
in number and in high demand. We recently experienced, and may continue to
experience, substantial fluctuations in the number of employees and the scope
of our operations in the network security business, resulting in increased
responsibilities for management. To manage our business effectively, we will
need to continue to improve our operational, financial and management
information systems and to hire, train, motivate and manage our employees.
Competition is intense for qualified technical, marketing and management
personnel. In particular, the current availability of qualified engineers is
quite limited, and competition among companies, academic institutions,
government entities and other organizations for skilled and experienced
engineering personnel is very intense. We have experienced delays in filling
positions for engineering personnel and expect to experience continued
difficulty in filling our need for qualified engineers and other personnel.
There
10
<PAGE>
can be no assurance that we will be able effectively to achieve or manage any
future growth, and our failure to do so could delay product development cycles
or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and
results of operations.
Any inability to protect our intellectual property could reduce our competitive
advantage, divert management attention, require additional intellectual
property to be developed or cause us to incur expenses to enforce our rights.
We rely on patents, trademarks, copyrights, licenses and trade secret law
to establish and preserve our intellectual property rights. We own a number of
U.S. patents covering certain aspects of our network security product designs,
and have additional U.S. patent applications pending. There can be no assurance
that any patent, trademark, copyright or license owned or held by us will not
be invalidated, circumvented or challenged, that the rights granted thereunder
will provide competitive advantages to us or that any of our pending or future
patent applications will be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us,
if at all. Further, there can be no assurance that others will not develop
technologies that are similar or superior to our technology, duplicate our
technology or design around the patents owned by us. We may be subject to or
may initiate interference proceedings in the U.S. Patent Office, which can
require significant financial and management resources. In addition, the laws
of certain countries in which our products are or may be developed,
manufactured or sold may not protect our products and intellectual property
rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Our inability to
protect our intellectual property adequately could have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
The computer, communications, software and network security industries are
characterized by substantial litigation regarding patent and other intellectual
property rights. From time to time, we have received communications from third
parties asserting that our patents, features or content of certain of our
products infringe upon the intellectual property rights held by third parties,
and we may receive such communications in the future. There can be no assurance
that third parties will not assert claims against us that result in litigation.
Any litigation, whether or not determined in our favor, could result in
significant expense to us and could divert management and other resources. In
the event of an adverse ruling in any litigation involving intellectual
property, we might be required to discontinue the use of certain processes,
cease the manufacture, use and sale of infringing products, expend significant
resources to develop non-infringing technology or obtain licenses to the
infringing technology and may suffer significant monetary damages, which could
include treble damages. There can be no assurance that under such circumstances
a license would be available to us on reasonable terms or at all. In the event
of a successful claim against us and our failure to develop or license a
substitute technology on commercially reasonable terms, our financial condition
and results of operations would be adversely affected. There can be no
assurance that existing claims or any other assertions (or claims for indemnity
from customers resulting from infringement claims) will not materially and
adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
If we are unable to adapt our services to rapidly changing technology, or if
the market for network security fails to develop, our business and operating
results could suffer.
The market for our network security products is characterized by rapidly
changing technology, emerging industry standards, new product introductions and
changes in customer requirements and preferences. Our future success will
depend in part upon end users' demand for network security products in general,
and upon our ability to enhance our existing products and to develop and
introduce new products and technologies that meet customer requirements. We
face continuing challenges to educate customers as to the value of our security
products and security consulting services. We believe that many potential
customers do not appreciate the need for security products unless and until
they have faced a major security breach. Many potential customers prefer not to
disclose significant security breaches of their networks or are reluctant to
invest in the development of a professional security architecture to protect
their networks. This market resistance is compounded by our limited resources
to invest in marketing campaigns for our products and services.
If we are unable successfully to educate potential customers as to the
value of, and thereby obtain broad market acceptance for, our products and
services, we will continue to rely primarily on selling new
11
<PAGE>
and existing products to our base of existing customers, which will
significantly limit any opportunity for growth. In addition, any significant
advance in technologies for attacking cryptographic systems could render some
or all of our existing and new products obsolete or unmarketable. To the extent
that a specific method other than ours is adopted as the standard for
implementing network security in any segment of the network security market,
sales of our existing and planned products in that market segment may be
adversely impacted, which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations. Also, network security-related
products or technologies developed by others may adversely affect our
competitive position or render our products or technologies noncompetitive or
obsolete.
In addition, a portion of the sales of our network security products will
depend upon a robust industry and infrastructure for providing access to public
switched networks, such as the Internet. The infrastructure or complementary
products necessary to make these networks into viable commercial marketplaces
may not be fully developed, and once developed, these networks may not become
viable commercial marketplaces.
If our research and development activities are unsuccessful, we will not be
able to market new products and services and our business operations and
financial results could be harmed.
The markets for our products are characterized by rapidly changing
technologies, extensive research and new product introductions. We believe that
our future success will depend in part upon our ability to continue to enhance
our existing products and to develop, manufacture and market new products. As a
result, we expect to continue to make a significant investment in engineering,
research and development. We may not be able to develop and introduce new
products or enhancements to our existing products in a timely manner which
satisfy customer needs, achieve market acceptance or address technological
changes in our target markets. If we fail to develop products and introduce
them successfully and in a timely manner, this could adversely affect our
competitive position, financial condition and results of operations.
We face risks associated with international operations.
We plan to continue to expand our foreign sales channels and to enter
additional international markets, both of which will require significant
management attention and financial resources. International sales are subject
to a number of risks, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements,
export control laws, tariffs and other trade barriers, political and economic
instability in foreign markets, difficulties in the staffing, management and
integration of foreign operations, longer payment cycles, greater difficulty in
collecting accounts receivable, currency fluctuations and potentially adverse
tax consequences. Since most of our foreign sales are denominated in U.S.
dollars, our products become less price competitive in countries in which local
currencies decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar. The uncertainty of
monetary exchange values has caused, and may in the future cause, some foreign
customers to delay new orders or delay payment for existing orders. The
long-term impact of such devaluation, including any possible effect on the
business outlook in other developing countries, cannot be predicted.
Our ability to compete successfully in foreign countries is dependent in
part on our ability to obtain and retain reliable and experienced in-country
distributors and other strategic partners. We do not have long-term
relationships with any of our value added resellers and distributors and,
therefore, have no assurance of a continuing relationship within a given
market.
Due to U.S. and Israeli government regulations restricting the export of
cryptographic devices and software, including sales to foreign governments of
certain of our network security products, we are often at a disadvantage in
competing for international sales compared to companies located outside the
United States and Israel that are not subject to such restrictions. Although
the Department of Commerce recently relaxed the export control laws as they
apply to sales of our products to our commercial customers, we still face
considerable export controls on sales to foreign governments and transfers of
our technology to foreign partners. In particular, these controls frequently
hinder the close cooperation between our engineering departments, with
resulting delays in product developments and releases of products, such as
NetHawk, for manufacturing in the United States.
12
<PAGE>
We face risks from our dependence on third party subcontractors and suppliers.
Our ability to deliver our products in a timely manner is dependent upon
the availability of quality components and subsystems used in these products.
We depend in part upon subcontractors to manufacture, assemble and deliver
certain items in a timely and satisfactory manner. We obtain certain components
and subsystems from single, or a limited number of, sources. We rely on a
single OEM supplier for our ATM Encryptor, which we offer to our customers with
our own management solution. A significant delay in obtaining a source of
supply for components selected by our design engineers or interruption in the
delivery of such items could have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table sets forth certain information concerning our
executive officers as of December 31, 1999:
Name Age Position
- ----------------------------- ----- ------------------------------------------
William P. Crowell 59 Chief Executive Officer and President
Roger A. Barnes 51 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Robert B. Fougner 47 Secretary and General Counsel
Sarah L. Engel 56 Vice President, Professional Services
Theresa Marcroft 41 Vice President, Marketing
Paul Massie 45 Vice President, Information Systems
Peter J. Slocum 44 Vice President, Engineering
Michael Stewart 51 Vice President, Sales
Mr. Crowell joined Cylink as Vice President, Product Development and
Strategy in January 1998. Prior to joining Cylink, Mr. Crowell served as the
Deputy Director at the National Security Agency, and has also served as Vice
President of the Atlantic Aerospace Electronics Corporation.
Mr. Barnes joined Cylink as Vice President Finance and Chief Financial
Officer in November 1998. Prior to joining Cylink, Mr. Barnes served as Senior
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, for Evolving Systems, Inc. He has
held various senior executive financial and general management positions in the
technology sector for over twenty years, and began his career with Peat
Marwick, Mitchell & Co. (KPMG) where he was employed on the audit staff for
eight years.
Ms. Engel joined Cylink in February 1997. Before joining Cylink she was an
independent consultant specializing in strategic planning, human resources and
organizational development with such clients as Ford Motor Company, The
Coca-Cola Company, Exxon Corporation and Harcourt General, Inc., among others.
Mr. Fougner has been Secretary and General Counsel since joining Cylink in
December 1989. Prior to joining Cylink, he was a partner in the New York law
firm of Hill, Betts & Nash.
Ms. Marcroft joined Cylink in 1999. Prior to joining Cylink, Ms. Marcroft
served as Vice President of Marketing for Accure Software. Ms. Marcroft has 20
years of experience in marketing high technology products to Fortune 500 and
enterprise-level MIS departments in the U.S. and abroad. Ms. Marcroft, who also
brings to Cylink extensive knowledge of Internet software, previously served as
head of worldwide marketing at SurfWatch Software, a division of Spyglass, Inc.
Mr. Massie joined Cylink in 1997. Prior to joining Cylink, Mr. Massie was
employed by Bay Networks where he was the director of information systems. Mr.
Massie resigned on February 29, 2000.
Mr. Slocum joined Cylink in February 1997. From July 1993 to February 1997
he served as Vice President of Engineering for Octel Communications
Corporation, a provider of voice messaging systems and services. Mr. Slocum
also served as Director of Engineering for Silicon Graphics, Inc., and MIPS
Computer Systems, Inc.
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<PAGE>
Mr. Stewart joined Cylink in February 1999. Prior to joining Cylink, Mr.
Stewart was President and Chief Executive Officer of Escalate Networks, Inc.
Prior to that he was Vice President of Worldwide Systems Products Sales &
Marketing for A.T.M.L. and Director of The Advanced Technology Team at Bay
Networks.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Cylink's headquarters occupy 118,000 square feet in Santa Clara,
California, the lease for which expires in August 2009. As a result of the
acquisition of ARL, Cylink owns, subject to an outstanding mortgage, a 7,500
square foot office building in Petach Tikva, Israel and leases a production
facility of 2,000 square feet. Cylink leases facilities for sales offices in
New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, Belgium, the United Kingdom, Singapore,
and Germany. Cylink believes that its current facilities are well maintained
and are adequate for the foreseeable future and that suitable additional or
alternative space will be available in the future on commercially reasonable
terms as needed.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On September 14, 1998, Cylink announced that its earnings for the third
quarter would be below consensus estimates. On November 5, 1998, Cylink
announced that, with the assistance of its independent accountants, it was
reviewing its revenue recognition practices, and Cylink announced that its
first and second quarter earnings would have to be restated and that it would
have operating losses for each of the three quarters for the period ended
September 27, 1998. During the review, certain facts became known indicating
errors had been made in the application of revenue recognition policies which
also impacted the fourth quarter of 1997, and as a result, 1997 full-year
results have been restated along with first and second quarter 1998 results.
Cylink has filed amended Forms 10-Q for the first and second quarters of 1998
and an amended Form 10-K for 1997. Between November 6, 1998 and December 14,
1998, several securities class action complaints were filed against Cylink and
certain of its current and former directors and officers in federal courts in
California. These complaints allege, among other things, that Cylink's
previously issued financial statements were materially false and misleading and
that the defendants knew or should have known that these financial statements
caused Cylink's common stock price to rise artificially. The actions variously
allege violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
"Exchange Act"), as amended, and SEC Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and
Section 20 of the Exchange Act.
The securities class action lawsuits have been ordered consolidated into a
single action pending in the United States District Court for the Northern
District of California, captioned In Re Cylink Securities Litigation, No.
C98-4292 (VRW). Plaintiffs have not yet filed an amended consolidated
complaint.
Cylink believes it has meritorious defenses to these actions and intends
to defend itself vigorously. However, it is not feasible to predict or
determine the final outcome of these proceedings, and if the outcome were to be
unfavorable, Cylink's business, financial condition, cash flows and results of
operations could be materially adversely affected.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders, through
solicitation of proxies or otherwise, during the fourth quarter of the fiscal
year covered by this report.
14
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Our Common Stock has been traded in the over-the-counter market under the
symbol CYLK since our initial public offering on February 15, 1996. The
following table sets forth the high and low closing prices as reported on the
Nasdaq National Market during the last two years:
First Second Third Fourth
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
---------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Year Ended December 31, 1999
High .................. 5-3/8 4-15/16 8-3/16 14-15/16
Low .................. 3-3/8 3-3/8 3-3/8 6-1/4
Year Ended December 31, 1998
High .................. 15-1/16 15-5/8 13-1/16 8-1/16
Low .................. 9-3/16 8-1/2 5-1/8 3-1/16
As of March 24, 2000, we had approximately 112 shareholders of record. We
have never declared or paid dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend
to reinvest any earnings in the development of our business and do not intend
to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
Our Registration Statement on Form S-1 was declared effective by the
Securities and Exchange Commission on February 15, 1996 (Reg. No. 33-80719). In
February and March 1996 we issued 5,750,000 shares of our common stock to the
public at a price of $15 per share. We received approximately $78.9 million net
of underwriting discounts and commissions of $6.0 million and other offering
expenses of $1.4 million. Through the period ended December 31, 1999, the net
proceeds have been used as follows (in thousands):
Purchase and installation of equipment ............ $ 6,601
Acquisition of Algorithmic Research, Ltd. ......... 45,913
Repayment of indebtedness ........................... 1,000
Working capital .................................... 12,673
Temporary investment in money market accounts ...... 12,677
---------
$ 78,864
=========
None of the net proceeds or expenses of issuance and distribution of the
securities have been, either directly or indirectly, paid to or invested with
any related party or shareholder.
15
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial information has been derived from our
audited consolidated financial statements. The information set forth below is
not necessarily indicative of results of future operations and is qualified by
reference to and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial
statements and related notes thereto and Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere herein.
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -------------
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue .............................. $ 59,655 $ 42,760 $ 47,690 $ 25,793 $ 21,534
Gross Profit ........................ 40,496 25,862 33,704 16,062 14,644
Total operating expenses ............ 59,289 54,720 101,673 24,270 18,776
Loss from continuing operations ...... (16,877) (17,356) (64,955) (5,522) (4,260)
Loss from continuing operations per
share--basic and diluted ............ (0.58) (0.60) (2.43) (0.23) (0.24)
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash, cash equivalents and
short-term investments ...... $ 33,170 $ 46,575 $ 22,977 $ 78,849 $ 6,098
Working capital ............... 42,862 60,587 47,985 93,518 12,604
Total assets .................. 81,289 94,318 76,555 107,088 22,725
Long-term obligations ......... 112 147 256 241 291
Shareholders' equity ......... $ 61,979 $ 75,221 $ 66,134 $ 97,211 $ 14,605
</TABLE>
On March 28, 1998, we sold our Wireless Communications Group, which has
been reported as discontinued operations and, therefore, the above consolidated
statements of operations information excludes discontinued operations for all
periods presented.
The net loss for 1997 included a charge of approximately $63.9 million
($2.39 per share) for purchased in-process technology resulting from the
acquisition of ARL.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
Discontinued Operations
On March 28, 1998, we sold our Wireless Communications Group ("Wireless")
to P-Com for $46.0 million in cash and an unsecured note in the amount of $12.1
million due 100 days after closing, subject to closing adjustments. The sale
resulted in an after-tax gain of approximately $22.8 million. See Note 2 of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
As a result, the operations of Wireless have been classified as
discontinued operations in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements
and related Notes.
16
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
Results of Continuing Operations
Except where noted, the comments herein are associated with the results of
our continuing operations. The following table sets forth certain consolidated
statement of operations data as a percentage of revenue for the periods
indicated:
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------------- ----------------- -------------------
(restated)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue ................................................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of revenue .......................................... 32.1 39.5 29.3
------- ------- --------
Gross profit ............................................. 67.9 60.5 70.7
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net ........................... 27.1 37.0 26.2
Selling and marketing .................................... 44.1 56.4 33.6
General and administrative .............................. 23.5 28.2 17.7
Amortization of purchased intangibles ..................... 4.7 6.4 1.7
Purchased in-process technology ........................ -- -- 134.0
------- ------- --------
Total operating expenses .............................. 99.4 128.0 213.2
------- ------- --------
Loss from operations .................................... (31.5) (67.5) (142.5)
Other income, net ....................................... 3.5 5.5 6.3
------- ------- --------
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes ...... (28.0) (62.0) (136.2)
Income tax expense (benefit) .............................. 0.3 (21.4) --
------- ------- --------
Loss from continuing operations ........................... (28.3)% (40.6)% (136.2)%
======= ======= ========
</TABLE>
Revenue. Revenue increased 40% from $42.7 million for the year ended
December 31, 1998 to $59.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1999. This
increase was attributable to increases in unit shipments of existing products,
shipments of products with higher average selling prices, and increased
revenues associated with software maintenance and support services.
Revenues decreased 10% from $47.7 million for the year ended December 31,
1997 to $42.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. The decreased
revenue was primarily due to the disruption caused by the fourth quarter
turnover of management, which encompassed both executive management as well as
the turnover of the mid-level sales staff, and continued integration of ARL.
Overall average selling prices decreased marginally.
International product revenue was 44%, 41%, and 43% of revenue for 1999,
1998, and 1997, respectively.
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased 57% from $25.9 million in 1998 to
$40.5 million in 1999, and increased as a percentage of sales from 61% to 68%.
The dollar increase was due to increased revenues and better absorption of
manufacturing overhead. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of revenue
resulted from better absorption of manufacturing overhead due to better
manufacturing utilization, offset by reduced profit margins from OEM products.
Gross profit decreased 23% from $33.7 million in 1997 to $25.9 million in
1998, and decreased as a percentage of sales from 71% to 61%. The dollar
decrease resulted from a combination of a decrease in revenue, the introduction
of OEM products with reduced gross profit margins and unplanned excess
manufacturing capacity. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of revenue
resulted from reduced profit margins from OEM products and manufacturing
variances generated by excess manufacturing capacity.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist
primarily of salaries and other personnel-related expenses, depreciation of
development equipment, facilities costs and supplies.
17
<PAGE>
Gross research and development expenses remained unchanged at $17.7 million in
1998 and 1999, and increased 24% from $13.9 million in 1997 to $17.7 million in
1998. The decrease in expenses as a percent of sales for 1999 as compared to
1998 resulted from a substantially increased revenue base and reduced contract
and other variable expenses related to externally funded research and
development. The increase in dollars and as a percent of sales for 1998 as
compared to 1997 was primarily a result of a one-time expense of $3.0 million,
which represents the write-off of a minority investment in an unaffiliated,
emerging stage company.
From time to time, we receive engineering funding for development projects
to apply or enhance our technology to a particular customer's need. The amounts
recognized under these research and development contracts are offset against
research and development expense. Amounts that were recognized under
non-recurring engineering contracts totaled $1.4 million, $1.9 million, and
$1.5 million in 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
Selling and Marketing. Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of
personnel costs, including sales commissions, and costs of advertising, public
relations, seminars and trade shows. Selling and marketing expenses increased
9% from $24.1 million in 1998 to $26.3 million in 1999 and 51% from $16.0
million in 1997 to $24.1 million in 1998. The increases were primarily to
support the launch of new products as well as the continued expansion of our
direct field operations, product line management, market development,
advertising, channel and distribution development, and international
operations.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist
primarily of personnel and related costs, recruitment expenses, information
system costs, and audit, legal and other professional service fees. General and
administrative expenses increased 16% from $12.1 million in 1998 to $14.0
million in 1999 and 44% from $8.4 million to $12.1 million in 1998. The dollar
increases in 1999 over 1998 resulted from training and post-implementation
customization costs associated with our new Enterprise Resource Planning
system, relocation and excess facilities costs, an additional provision for
doubtful accounts, accounting and consulting expenses from the restatement, and
legal fees for litigation defense. The decrease as a percentage of revenue in
1999 was due the allocation of costs over a wider revenue base. The increase in
dollars and as a percentage of revenue in 1998 over 1997 was primarily due to
general and administrative expenses allocated over a smaller revenue base, and
one-time charges of approximately $3.6 million incurred in connection with the
executive and sales management turnover in the fourth quarter of 1998.
Amortization of Purchased Intangibles. The amortization of intangible
assets, which resulted from the acquisition of ARL in 1997 and S.D.I. in 1999
(see Note 3 to the Financial Statements) was $2.8 million, $2.7 million and
$0.8 million in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Purchased In-Process Technology. Approximately $63.9 million of the total
purchase price for the acquisition of ARL represented the value of in-process
technology that had not yet reached technological feasibility, had no
alternative future uses and was charged to our operations in the third quarter
ended September 26, 1997. See further discussion under Note 3 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Income (Expense), Net. Other income (expense), net, primarily
consists of royalties, interest income, interest expense and investment gains
and losses. We generated other income of $2.1 million in 1999, $2.3 million in
1998, and $3.0 million in 1997. In 1997, we recorded a benefit of $632,000
primarily related to the reversal of an allowance provided on the receivable
related to our interest in a former partnership known as Public Key Partners
Other income decreased from $2.3 million in 1998 to $2.1 million in 1999,
and decreased from $3.0 million in 1997 to $2.3 million in 1998. Royalty, and
other income, net decreased from $.3 million in 1997 to $.1 million in 1998 due
to the expiration of certain patents we controlled. Interest income, net
decreased from $2.7 million in 1997 to $2.3 million in 1998 to $2.1 million on
1999 due to the decrease in average balances of cash, cash equivalents, and
marketable securities after the September 8, 1997 acquisition of ARL. The
decrease in interest income would have been more significant, if not for the
cash proceeds arising from the March 28th 1998 divestiture of our Wireless
Communications Group to P-Com.
Benefit from Income Taxes. No provision or benefit for income taxes for
continuing operations was recorded in 1999 or 1997. Our effective tax rate for
1998 was approximately 35%. Net deferred tax assets of $4.4 million at December
31, 1999, were based on available carryback capacity.
18
<PAGE>
Loss from Continuing Operations. We had losses from continuing operations
of $16.9 million in 1999, $17.4 million in 1998, and $65.0 million in 1997. In
1994, the Company began a strategic research and development program designed
to create new products and enhance existing products which continued through
1999. In 1999, we incurred a decreased net loss due to an increase in revenues
versus 1998 levels, offset by continued high levels of research and development
expenses related to our strategic research and development projects, high
levels of sales and marketing expenses associated with continued expansion of
our direct field operations, product line management, marketing, channel and
distribution development, and international operations, amortization related to
the acquisition of Algorithmic Research Ltd and SDI Ltd, as well as
non-capitalized information technology costs, relocation and excess facilities
costs, expenses from the restatement, and legal fees for litigation defense.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At December 31, 1999, we had working capital of $42.9 million including
cash and cash equivalents of $33.2 million and minimal long-term obligations.
We have reported net losses from continuing operations each year since 1994.
Net cash used by operating activities for the years ended December 31, 1999,
1998, and 1997 was $8.4 million, $25.7 million, and $4.3 million, respectively.
Net cash used in operating activities decreased in 1999 from 1998 primarily due
to reduced operating losses from continuing operations, reduced income tax
payments, better inventory management, but offset by increases in accounts
receivable to fund revenue growth. Net cash used in operating activities in
1997 was primarily to fund increases in accounts receivable and inventory in
order to support increased revenue.
Net cash used in investing activities in 1999 was $5.8 million, arising
principally from investments in restricted cash related to our new facility of
$1.4 million, acquisition of property, plant and equipment related to our
investment in leasehold improvements, computer equipment and an Enterprise
Planning and Reporting System totaling $4.9 million, and the cash portion of
our acquisition of S.D.I. of $.6 million, long-term loans to employees of $.6
million, offset in part by a $3.3 million collection of a note receivable
related to the sale of our Wireless Division and a $.9 million collection of an
employee note receivable. In 1998, net cash provided by investing activities
consisted of cash proceeds of $54.9 million from the sale of the Wireless
Communications Group offset in part by the acquisition of property and
equipment of $2.0 million, long-term loans to employees of $2.1 million and an
investment of $3.0 million for a minority interest in an unaffiliated, emerging
stage company. Cash used in investing activities in 1997 was $52.1 million, of
which $44.9 million was used for the acquisition of ARL. We also made
expenditures for property and equipment of $3.8 million and provided long-term
loans to employees of $3.5 million. Expenditures for property and equipment for
all periods presented have generally consisted of computer workstations,
networking equipment, office furniture and equipment, and leasehold additions
and improvements.
Cash provided by financing activities was $.8 million, $1.6 million, and
$0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997. For the year
ended December 31, 1999, cash provided by financing activities resulted
primarily from the proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our stock
option plans.
We believe that existing cash balances and cash generated from operations,
if any, will be sufficient to fund necessary purchases of capital equipment and
to provide working capital through 2000. However, we may require additional
funds to support our working capital requirements or for other purposes and may
seek to raise such additional funds through public or private equity financing
or from other sources. No assurance can be given that additional financing will
be available or that, if available, will be available on terms favorable to us
or our shareholders.
19
<PAGE>
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As of December 31, 1999, we held a total of $33.1 million of cash and cash
equivalents. These securities consist primarily of money market funds and
high-grade, short-term corporate obligations. Certain of these securities are
subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if market interest
rates increase. If market interest rates were to increase immediately and
uniformly by 10 percent from levels as of December 31, 1999, the decline in
fair value of the portfolio would not be material.
We transact substantially all of our revenues and costs in U.S. dollars
and our results of operations would not be materially affected by fluctuations
in foreign exchange rates. Accordingly, to date, we have not used material
amounts of derivative financial instruments. As of December 31, 1999, we had no
fixed rate obligations except for capitalized leases and long-term debt of
approximately $136,000. As such, the fair value of our fixed rate obligations
is not subject to a material adverse impact from changes in interest rates.
20
<PAGE>
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule
Page
------
Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Accountants .................. 22
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1999
and 1998 ............................................. 24
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 ............... 25
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the
years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 ......... 26
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 ............... 27
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ......... 28
Financial Statement Schedule:
Schedule II--Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the
years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 ......... 44
All other schedules are omitted because they are not required, are not
applicable, or the information is included in the consolidated financial
statements or notes thereto.
21
<PAGE>
Report of Independent Accountants
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Cylink Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Cylink
Corporation and subsidiaries ("Company") as of December 31, 1999, and the
related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash
flows for the year then ended. Our audit also included the consolidated
financial statement schedule listed in Item 14. (a) 2 as of and for the year
ended December 31, 1999. These financial statements and the financial statement
schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on these financial statements and the financial
statement schedule based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated 1999 financial statements present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at
December 31, 1999, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the
year then ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Also, in our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as
a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth
therein.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Deloitte & Touche LLP
San Jose, California
February 10, 2000
22
<PAGE>
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Cylink Corporation
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the above
index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of
Cylink Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31, 1998, and the results
of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the
period ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles. These financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company's management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these
statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards which
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
February 26, 1999
23
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
Cylink Corporation
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
<CAPTION>
December 31,
---------------------------
1999 1998
----------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents .................................... $ 33,170 $ 46,575
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $941 and $1,251 ...... 16,130 7,958
Note receivable ................................................ -- 3,545
Inventories ................................................... 6,745 10,289
Deferred income taxes .......................................... 4,367 4,495
Other current assets .......................................... 1,648 6,675
--------- ---------
Total current assets ....................................... 62,060 79,537
Restricted cash ................................................... 1,400 --
Property and equipment, net ....................................... 10,038 5,731
Acquired technology, goodwill and other intangibles ............... 3,188 5,341
Notes receivable from employees or former employees ............... 3,165 2,558
Other assets ...................................................... 1,438 1,151
--------- ---------
$ 81,289 $ 94,318
========= =========
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of lease obligations and long-term debt ...... $ 24 $ 120
Accounts payable ............................................. 6,635 3,656
Accrued liabilities .......................................... 9,082 8,230
Accrued liabilities related to discontinued operations ......... -- 3,878
Income taxes payable .......................................... 1,062 1,091
Deferred revenue ............................................. 2,395 1,975
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities ................................. 19,198 18,950
--------- ---------
Capital lease obligations and long-term debt ..................... 112 147
--------- ---------
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 9 and 11) ..................
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized;
none issued and outstanding ................................. -- --
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized;
29,877,000 and 29,115,000 shares issued and outstanding ...... 299 291
Additional paid-in capital .................................... 126,896 123,929
Deferred compensation .......................................... (1,790) (167)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss ........................... (82) (61)
Accumulated deficit .......................................... (63,344) (48,771)
--------- ---------
Total shareholders' equity ................................. 61,979 75,221
--------- ---------
$ 81,289 $ 94,318
========= =========
<FN>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</FN>
</TABLE>
24
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
Cylink Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------------- ----------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue ............................................. $ 59,655 $ 42,760 $ 47,690
Cost of revenue .................................... 19,159 16,898 13,986
---------- --------- ----------
Gross profit ....................................... 40,496 25,862 33,704
---------- --------- ----------
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net .................. 16,176 15,809 12,488
Selling and marketing ........................... 26,316 24,111 16,036
General and administrative ..................... 13,998 12,082 8,422
Amortization of purchased intangibles ............ 2,799 2,718 807
Purchased in-process technology .................. -- -- 63,920
---------- --------- ----------
Total operating expenses ..................... 59,289 54,720 101,673
---------- --------- ----------
Loss from operations .............................. (18,793) (28,858) (67,969)
Other income (expense):
Interest income, net ........................... 1,858 2,281 2,697
Other income, net .............................. 232 66 317
---------- --------- ----------
Loss from continuing operations before
income taxes ....................................... (16,703) (26,511) (64,955)
Income tax expense (benefit) ........................ 174 (9,155) --
---------- --------- ----------
Loss from continuing operations ..................... (16,877) (17,356) (64,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of
income tax expense (benefit) of $0, ($139),
and $1,439 .......................................... -- (259) 3,210
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net
of income tax expense of $0, $12,358 and $0 ......... 2,304 22,776 --
---------- --------- ----------
Net income (loss) ................................. $ (14,573) $ 5,161 $ (61,745)
========== ========= ==========
Earnings (loss) per share--basic:
Continuing operations ........................... $ (0.58) $ (0.60) $ (2.43)
Discontinued operations ........................ 0.08 0.78 0.12
---------- --------- ----------
Net income (loss) .............................. $ (0.50) $ 0.18 $ (2.31)
========== ========= ==========
Earnings (loss) per share--diluted:
Continuing operations ........................... $ (0.58) $ (0.60) $ (2.43)
Discontinued operations ........................ 0.08 0.78 0.12
---------- --------- ----------
Net income (loss) .............................. $ (0.50) $ 0.18 $ (2.31)
========== ========= ==========
Shares used in per share calculation--basic ......... 29,217 29,009 26,703
========== ========= ==========
Shares used in per share calculation--diluted ...... 29,217 29,009 26,703
========== ========= ==========
<FN>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</FN>
</TABLE>
25
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
Cylink Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
(dollars in thousands)
<CAPTION>
Notes
Additional Receivable
Common Stock
--------------------- Paid-in from
Shares Amount Capital Shareholders
------------ -------- ------------ --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1997 ........................ 25,597,000 $ 257 $ 89,772 $ (301)
Issuance of common stock under stock option plans 505,000 4 525 --
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of
Algorithmic Research .............................. 2,593,000 26 29,499 --
Tax benefit from stock options ..................... -- -- 296 --
Payments on notes receivable from shareholders ... -- -- -- 301
Amortization of deferred compensation ............ -- -- -- --
Translation adjustment .............................. -- -- -- --
Net loss .......................................... -- -- -- --
Comprehensive loss .............................. -- -- -- --
----------- ------ ---------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1997 ..................... 28,695,000 287 120,092 --
Issuance of common stock under stock option plans 420,000 4 1,813 --
Charge due to acceleration of options upon
disposal of Wireless Group ........................ -- -- 725 --
Tax benefit from stock options ..................... -- -- 1,299 --
Amortization of deferred compensation ............ -- -- -- --
Translation adjustment ........................... -- -- -- --
Net income ....................................... -- -- -- --
Comprehensive income .............................. -- -- -- --
----------- ------ ---------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1998 ..................... 29,115,000 291 123,929 --
Issuance of common stock under stock option plans 456,000 5 936 --
Issuance of common stock and options for
S.D.I. Acquisition .............................. 306,000 3 2,031 --
Amortization of deferred compensation ............ -- -- -- --
Translation adjustment ........................... -- -- -- --
Net loss .......................................... -- -- -- --
Comprehensive loss .............................. -- -- -- --
----------- ------ ---------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1999 ..................... 29,877,000 $ 299 $ 126,896 $ --
=========== ====== ========== =======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Deferred
Compensation Accumulated Retained
Related to Other Earnings Comprehensive
Stock Comprehensive (Accumulated Income
Options Income (Loss) Deficit) Total (Loss)
-------------- --------------- -------------- ------------ ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1997 ........................ $ (334) $ 4 $ 7,813 $ 97,211
Issuance of common stock under stock option plans -- -- -- 529
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of
Algorithmic Research .............................. -- -- -- 29,525
Tax benefit from stock options ..................... -- -- -- 296
Payments on notes receivable from shareholders ... -- -- -- 301
Amortization of deferred compensation ............ 84 -- -- 84
Translation adjustment .............................. -- (67) -- (67) $ (67)
Net loss .......................................... -- -- (61,745) (61,745) (61,745)
----------
Comprehensive loss .............................. -- -- -- -- $ (61,812)
--------- ------ ---------- ---------- ==========
Balance at December 31, 1997 ..................... (250) (63) (53,932) 66,134
Issuance of common stock under stock option plans -- -- -- 1,817
Charge due to acceleration of options upon
disposal of Wireless Group ........................ -- -- -- 725
Tax benefit from stock options ..................... -- -- -- 1,299
Amortization of deferred compensation ............ 83 -- -- 83
Translation adjustment ........................... -- 2 -- 2 $ 2
Net income ....................................... -- -- 5,161 5,161 5,161
----------
Comprehensive income .............................. -- -- -- -- $ 5,163
--------- ------ ---------- ---------- ==========
Balance at December 31, 1998 ..................... (167) (61) (48,771) 75,221
Issuance of common stock under stock option plans -- -- -- 941
Issuance of common stock and options for
S.D.I. Acquisition .............................. (2,034) -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation ............ 411 -- -- 411
Translation adjustment ........................... -- (21) (21) $ (21)
Net loss .......................................... -- -- (14,573) (14,573) (14,573)
----------
Comprehensive loss .............................. -- -- -- -- $ (14,594)
--------- ------ ---------- ---------- ==========
Balance at December 31, 1999 ..................... $ (1,790) $ (82) $ (63,344) $ 61,979
========= ====== ========== ==========
<FN>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</FN>
</TABLE>
26
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
Cylink Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(dollars in thousands)
<CAPTION>
Year Ended
-----------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------------- ------------ ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) ................................................... $ (14,573) $ 5,161 $ (61,745)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in
operating activities:
Write-off of investment in unaffiliated company ..................... -- 3,000 --
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations ........................ (2,304) (22,776) --
Purchased in-process technology .................................... -- -- 63,920
Loss on Disposition of Fixed Assets ................................. 337 -- --
Depreciation ...................................................... 2,657 2,630 2,107
Amortization ...................................................... 2,799 2,676 807
Bonuses applied against employee notes receivable .................. -- 1,253 --
Deferred income taxes ............................................. 128 (2,975) (100)
Amortization of imputed interest on Note Receivable ............... (250) (301) --
Deferred compensation related to stock options ..................... 411 83 84
Tax benefit from stock options .................................... -- 1,299 296
Changes in assets and liabilities (net of effects of acquisitions):
Accounts receivable ................................................ (7,927) 7,455 (7,627)
Inventories ...................................................... 3,544 (6,134) (2,662)
Other assets ...................................................... 3,036 (3,063) (376)
Accounts payable ................................................... 2,937 653 (22)
Accrued liabilities ................................................ 381 (3,892) 90
Income taxes payable ............................................. (29) (12,571) 1,244
Deferred revenue ................................................... 420 1,769 (332)
---------- --------- ----------
Net cash used in operating activities ........................... (8,433) (25,733) (4,316)
---------- --------- ----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investment of restricted cash ....................................... (1,400) -- --
Acquisition of property and equipment .............................. (7,339) (2,060) (3,786)
Purchase of ARL, net of cash acquired .............................. -- -- (44,890)
Loans to employees in exchange for notes receivable .................. (570) (2,108) (3,473)
Collections of employee notes receivable ........................... 870 -- --
Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations ........................ -- 54,879 --
Collection of note receivable ....................................... 3,250 -- --
Acquisition of S.D.I. ................................................ (572) -- --
Acquisition of preferred stock of unaffiliated company ............... -- (3,000) --
---------- --------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities ............ (5,761) 47,711 (52,149)
---------- --------- ----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net ........................ 941 1,817 529
Other ............................................................... (131) (199) 131
---------- --------- ----------
Net cash provided by financing activities ........................ 810 1,618 660
---------- --------- ----------
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents ......... (21) 2 (67)
---------- --------- ----------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .................. (13,405) 23,598 (55,872)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ........................ 46,575 22,977 78,849
---------- --------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year .............................. $ 33,170 $ 46,575 $ 22,977
========== ========= ==========
Supplemental disclosures:
Cash paid for income taxes .......................................... $ -- $ 8,117 $ 31
Cash paid for interest ............................................. 3 60 159
Equity issued for purchase of ARL .................................... -- -- 29,525
Note receivable from disposition of Wireless Communications Group ... -- 12,424 --
Equity issued for purchase of SDI .................................... 2,034 -- --
<FN>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</FN>
</TABLE>
27
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. The Company and a Summary of its Significant Accounting Policies
The Company
Cylink Corporation (the "Company") develops, markets and supports a
comprehensive family of secure electronic commerce and communications solutions
used by organizations worldwide to protect and manage the access, privacy and
integrity of information transmitted globally. The Company's products are
incorporated into local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and
packet switched networks, such as the Internet.
Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Foreign currency
The functional currency of the Company's Israeli operations is the U.S.
dollar. The functional currencies of the Company's other foreign operations are
the local currencies. The effects of translating the financial position and
results of operations of local functional currency operations are included as a
component of other comprehensive income. The effects of foreign currency
transactions and of remeasuring the financial position and results of Israeli
operations into the functional currency are included in the statements of
operations. Net gains and losses from foreign currency transactions were not
significant during any of the periods presented.
Cash equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investment instruments with a
maturity at the time of purchase of three months or less.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates
actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis) or market.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed
using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets,
generally three-to-five years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is
computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated
useful lives of the assets or the remaining lease term. Beginning in 1999,
computer software for internal use is capitalized in accordance with the
guidelines of Statement of Position (SOP) 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use" issued by the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA).
Restricted cash
Restricted cash consists of certificates of deposit which are restricted
from use pursuant to an operating lease obligation. (Note 11)
28
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
Amortization of goodwill and other intangibles
Goodwill related to the acquisition of ARL (Note 3) is being amortized on
a straight-line basis over seven years. Goodwill related to the acquisition of
SDI (Note 3) is amortized on a straight-line basis over three years. Amounts
allocated to capitalized intangibles other than goodwill are being amortized
over three years. Accumulated amortization relating to goodwill and other
intangibles was $6.3 million, $3.5 million, and $0.8 million at December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The Company periodically reviews the recoverability of all long-term
assets, including the related amortization period, whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset might not be
recoverable. The Company determines whether there has been an impairment by
comparing the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows to the related
asset's carrying value. If an asset is considered impaired, the asset is
written down to fair value which is either determined based on discounted cash
flows or appraised values, depending on the nature of the asset.
Revenue recognition
Revenues derived from sale or license of the Company's network security
products are recognized in accordance with the applicable accounting standards,
including Statement of Position No. 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition."
Revenue is recognized when a purchase order has been received, the product has
been shipped, the sales price is fixed and determinable, collection is
probable, and vendor-specific objective evidence exists to allocate a portion
of the total fee to any undelivered elements of the arrangement. Such
undelivered elements typically consist of maintenance and support, which are
deferred and amortized over the applicable period, usually twelve months.
Vendor specific objective evidence of the value of maintenance and support is
generally based on the annual renewal rate. Concurrent with sales, a provision
is made for estimated costs to repair or replace products under warranty
arrangements. Consulting revenues, which to date have been immaterial, are
recognized on a time-and-materials or percentage of completion basis, depending
on the contract.
Research and development
Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred.
During the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, the Company performed
research and development under several government funded arrangements
aggregating $445,000, and $1,201,000, respectively. There were no such funded
arrangements in 1999. These contracts provide funding (irrespective of the
results) for research and development of certain cryptographic technologies.
Amounts received under these contracts are offset against research and
development expenses.
The Company performed research and development under several other
research and development contracts during 1999, 1998 and 1997 which provide for
the development and licensing of technology in exchange for development
funding. The Company recorded as a reduction of research and development
expenses $1.5 million, $1.5 million, and $.2 million under such arrangements in
the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Software development costs
Software development costs are included in research and development and
are expensed as incurred. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 86
(SFAS 86) requires the capitalization of certain development costs of software
to be sold once technological feasibility is established, which the Company
defines as completion of a working model. The capitalized cost is then
amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated product life, or on the
ratio of current revenues to total projected product revenues,
29
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
whichever is greater. To date, the period between achieving technological
feasibility and the general availability of such software has been short and
software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been
insignificant. Accordingly, the Company has not capitalized any software
development costs under SFAS 86.
Stock-based compensation
The Company accounts for stock based compensation using the intrinsic
value method prescribed in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and related Interpretations. The
Company provides additional pro forma disclosures as required under Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. ("SFAS") 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" (See Note 7).
Income taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax
consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and
liabilities and their financial statement reported amounts. A valuation
allowance is used to reduce net deferred tax assets to amounts that are more
likely than not to be realized.
Earnings (loss) per share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is based on the weighted-average number of
common shares outstanding, excluding shares in escrow related to S.D.I. (Note
3). Diluted earnings (loss) per share is based on the weighted-average number
of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares outstanding
excluding contingent shares held in escrow. The Company's only potentially
dilutive securities are stock options (See Note 7). All potentially dilutive
securities have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per
share as their effect is anti-dilutive on the loss from continuing operations
for all periods presented.
Concentrations of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant
concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents,
accounts receivable, and to a lesser extent, currency fluctuation of balances
denominated in currencies other than the United States dollar. The Company
limits the amount of investment exposure to any one financial institution and
financial instrument. The Company performs on-going credit evaluations and
maintains reserves for estimated potential credit losses. The Company minimizes
the amount of cash it maintains in local currencies by maintaining excess cash
in United States dollars.
No customer accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable at December
31, 1999 and 1998. One customer accounted for 11% of revenue for the year ended
December 31, 1999 and one customer for 14% of revenue for the year ended
December 31, 1998. No customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the
year ended December 31, 1997.
Fair value of financial instruments
The carrying amount of cash, cash equivalents, and other current assets
and liabilities such as accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued
liabilities, as presented in the financial statements, approximates fair value
based on the short-term nature of these instruments. The recorded amount of
long-term debt approximates fair value as the actual interest rates approximate
current competitive rates.
Dependence on suppliers
The Company's ability to timely deliver its products is dependent upon the
availability of quality components and subsystems used in these products. The
Company depends in part upon subcontractors
30
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
to manufacture, assemble and deliver certain items in a timely and satisfactory
manner. The Company obtains certain components and subsystems from single, or a
limited number of sources. A significant interruption in the delivery of such
items could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition
and results of operations.
Comprehensive income (loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in equity (net assets)
during a period from nonowner sources. Examples of items to be included in
comprehensive income, which are excluded from net income (loss), include foreign
currency translation adjustments and unrealized gain/loss on available-for-sale
securities The Company has presented comprehensive income (loss) for each period
presented within the Consolidated Statements of Shareholder's Equity.
Recently issued accounting standards
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS
No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," which
defines derivatives, requires that all derivatives be carried at fair value,
and provides hedge accounting when certain conditions are met. SFAS 133 is
effective for the Company in fiscal 2001. The Company does not believe that
adoption of this statement will have a material impact on the Company's
financial position or results of operations.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the financial statements in
order to conform to the 1999 presentation.
2. Discontinued Operations
On March 28, 1998, the Company sold its Wireless Communications Group
("Wireless") to P-Com for $58.1 million ($46.0 million in cash and an unsecured
note in the amount of $12.1 million). The sale resulted in an after tax gain of
approximately $22.8 million in 1998. As a result, the operations of Wireless
have been classified as discontinued operations in the accompanying
Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes. Accrued expenses in the
amount of approximately $6.8 million, primarily for professional services,
anticipated excess facilities expenses, and certain other transaction-related
accruals were charged to discontinued operations in computing the gain on
disposal. On July 14, 1998, P-Com made a partial payment of $8.9 million on its
promissory note. In August 1999, P-Com paid the Company $3.25 million in
settlement of the entire remaining balance of the promissory note and a
complete settlement of all outstanding claims and counterclaims. After the
elimination of other claims by Cylink against P-Com and the offset of certain
reserves against those assets, Cylink recorded an additional $2.3 million
after-tax gain on disposal of discontinued operations in 1999. Wireless
revenues were $28.0 million in 1997 and $4.4 million in 1998 through the date
of disposal.
3. Acquisitions
Algorithmic Research
On September 8, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares
of Algorithmic Research, Ltd. and Algart Holdings, Ltd. (hereafter referred to
on a combined basis as "ARL"), both limited liability companies organized under
the laws of the State of Israel. ARL is an information security company
providing remote access software products and smart-card technology focusing on
the market for Internet-based (TCP/IP) communications. ARL also provides
security products to broadcast networks. Consideration for this purchase was
$44.9 million in cash, net of cash acquired, including transaction expenses of
$3.5 million; and 2,593,169 shares of the Company's common stock and 409,641
fully vested options to purchase common stock of the Company for $0.01 per
share. The total value placed on
31
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
the common stock and options issued by the Company was $29.5 million. The
common stock and options issued are subject to decreasing restrictions on
trading and exercise, respectively, for three years from the transaction date.
The acquisition was recorded under the purchase method of accounting; and
accordingly, the results of operations of ARL are included in the consolidated
financial statements from the date of acquisition. The purchase price was
allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon the
estimated fair market values at the date of acquisition, as summarized below
(in thousands):
Current assets (including cash and cash equivalents
of $1,857) ....................................... $ 4,380
Property and equipment ........................... 1,261
In-process technology ........................... 63,920
Developed technology and other intangibles ...... 7,498
Goodwill ....................................... 1,326
Other non-current assets ........................ 96
Current liabilities assumed ..................... (2,021)
Long-term debt assumed ........................... (188)
--------
$ 76,272
========
The amounts allocated to technology were estimated using a risk adjusted
income approach applied to specifically identified technologies. In-process
technology was expensed upon acquisition because technological feasibility had
not been established and no alternative future uses existed. Amounts allocated
to capitalized intangibles other than goodwill are being amortized on a
straight-line basis over three years. Goodwill is being amortized on a
straight-line basis over seven years.
Security Design International
On July 21, 1999, Cylink acquired Virginia-based Security Design
International, Inc. (SDI), a security consulting and professional services
company which provides network vulnerability assessments. Concurrent with the
acquisition, Cylink entered into employment contracts with four SDI
shareholders. In connection with the acquisition and employment agreements,
Cylink (1) paid cash of $572,000 (including $122,000 of transaction costs), (2)
issued 306,402 shares of Cylink common shares valued at $1.7 million into
escrow, to be released in annual installments as the shares vest over a
three-year employment period, (3) issued options to purchase 150,000 of Cylink
common shares at $3.84 per share, which vest over four years of continued
employment, and (4) agreed to pay bonuses of up to $1.925 million contingent
upon continued employment and the achievement of specified revenue and
profitability goals during the next three years. Deferred compensation
resulting from the issuance of the escrowed common shares and the stock options
totaled $2.034 million and is reported as a reduction to sharholders' equity,
to be amortized over the applicable vesting period. The acquisition was
recorded using the purchase method, and the goodwill arising from the
transaction ($436,000) is being amortized over three years. The results of
operations of SDI are included in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements from the date of acquisition. Revenues from SDI were insignificant
in comparison to Cylink's consolidated revenues during 1999. Pro forma results
of operations of SDI, assuming the acquisition had occurred as of the beginning
of 1998, are not presented as the pro forma effects are insignificant.
32
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
4. Details of Balance Sheet Components
December 31,
---------------------------
1999 1998
----------- -------------
(in thousands)
Inventories:
Raw materials ........................... $ 2,412 $ 2,813
Work in process and subassemblies ...... 1,610 1,877
Finished goods ........................ 2,723 5,599
-------- --------
$ 6,745 $ 10,289
======== ========
Property and equipment:
Machinery and equipment ............... $ 10,262 $ 8,563
Software .............................. 2,414 1,111
Furniture and fixtures .................. 2,327 1,478
Land and building ..................... 814 814
Leasehold improvements .................. 3,252 821
-------- --------
19,069 12,787
Less: accumulated depreciation
and amortization ...................... (9,031) (7,056)
-------- --------
$ 10,038 $ 5,731
======== ========
Accrued liabilities:
Compensation and benefits ............... $ 3,623 $ 2,341
Royalties .............................. 124 768
Employee severance costs ............... 852 1,556
Distributor commissions ............... 362 636
Legal and Accounting costs ............ 1,270 1,215
Warranty costs ........................ 759 562
Other ................................. 2,092 1,152
-------- --------
$ 9,082 $ 8,230
======== ========
33
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
5. Income Taxes
No provision or benefit was recorded for 1997. The Company recorded a
provision for income taxes on discontinued operations of $1.4 million for 1997.
Income tax provision (benefit) for income from continuing operations consists
of the following:
Year ended December 31,
-----------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------- ------------- ------
(in thousands)
Current:
Federal ......... $ 36 $ (4,506) $ --
State ............ 6 (1,722) --
Foreign ......... 4 48 --
------- --------- -----
$ 46 $ (6,180) $ --
======= ========= =====
Deferred:
Federal ......... $ (34) $ (3,233) $ --
State ............ (6) 258 --
Foreign ......... 168 -- --
------- --------- -----
128 (2,975) --
------- --------- -----
$ 174 $ (9,155) $ --
======= ========= =====
<TABLE>
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) comprise the following:
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998
---------- ------------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Assets:
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards ...... $ 8,000 $ --
Unrealized capital loss ........................... 1,160 1,057
Bad debt reserve ................................. -- 172
Inventory reserves and basis differences ......... -- 1,563
Accrued expenses ................................. 820 1,508
Warranty reserve ................................. 270 218
Reserve for discontinued operations ............... -- 1,504
Other ............................................. 736 1,073
-------- --------
Total deferred tax assets .................. 10,986 7,095
-------- --------
Liabilities: ....................................
Depreciation .................................... (150) --
Other liabilities ................................. (140) --
-------- --------
Total deferred tax liabilities ............ (290) --
-------- --------
Valuation allowance .............................. (6,329) (2,600)
-------- --------
Net deferred tax assets ........................... $ 4,367 $ 4,495
======== ========
</TABLE>
Net deferred tax assets of $4,367,000 at December 31, 1999 were based on
the Company's available carryback capacity. The Company recorded a partial
valuation allowance against the remainder of its deferred tax assets.
34
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
At December 31, 1999, the Company has net operating loss (NOL)
carryforwards of approximately $10,000,000 and $14,800,000 for federal and
state income tax purposes, respectively. The federal NOL carryforwards expire
through 2019, while the state NOL carryforwards expire through 2004.
At December 31, 1999, the Company has federal and state research credit
carryforwards of approximately $630,000 and $2,100,000, respectively. The
federal credits expire through 2019 and the state credits have no expiration.
<TABLE>
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for continuing operations
reconciles to the amount computed by applying the United States federal
statutory rate to income before taxes as follows:
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------------- ---------------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate (35.0)% (35.0)% -- %
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit (4.7) (3.2) --
Research and development tax credits ... (4.4) (10.1) --
Change in valuation allowance ......... 23.8 2.4 --
Foreign losses not benefitted ......... 15.2 5.2 --
Other ................................. 6.1 6.2 --
-------- ---------- -----
Effective Tax Rate ..................... 1.0% (34.5)% -- %
======== ========== =====
</TABLE>
6. Preferred stock
In connection with the Company's initial public offering in 1996, the
Board of Directors authorized the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of
undesignated preferred stock and the Board has the authority to issue the
undesignated preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights,
preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. No preferred stock had been
issued as of December 31, 1999.
7. Stock option plans
The Company has two stock option plans: the 1994 Flexible Stock Incentive
Plan which was the successor plan to the 1987 plan ("1994 Plan") and the
Cylink/ARL 1997 Stock Option Plan ("1997 Plan"). The 1994 Plan provides for the
grant of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options to executives,
employees and consultants to purchase up to 8,050,000 common shares. Stock
options may be granted at prices not less than 100% and 85% for incentive and
nonqualified stock options, respectively, of the fair market value of the stock
on the date of grant. Through December 31, 1999, all nonqualified stock options
have been granted at 100% of the fair market value of the stock on the date of
grant. Options granted under the 1994 Plan are exercisable at such times and
under such conditions as determined by the Board of Directors, and generally
vest over four years. Options generally expire six years from the date of
grant.
The Company adopted the 1997 Plan in conjunction with the acquisition of
ARL. The 1997 Plan provides for the grant of nonqualified stock options to the
employees and consultants of ARL to purchase up to 410,000 of Cylink common
shares. On September 8, 1997, the Company issued 409,641 fully vested options
to purchase common stock for $0.01 per share. The options are subject to
decreasing restrictions on exercise for three years from the grant date and
expire in ten years.
35
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
<TABLE>
Option activity is summarized as follows:
<CAPTION>
Weighted
Shares Average
Available Options Exercise
for Grant Outstanding Price
----------- ------------- ----------
(thousands of shares)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1997 ................................. 1,982 3,377 $ 7.72
Approved ................................................ 410 -- --
Granted at market price ................................. (2,519) 2,519 10.38
Granted below market price .............................. (410) 410 .01
Exercised ................................................ -- (504) 1.64
Canceled ................................................... 537 (537) 12.17
------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1997 (1,443,000 shares exercisable at a
weighted average exercise price of $4.50 at 12/31/97) ...... -- 5,265 8.52
Approved ................................................... 2,100 -- --
Granted at market price .................................... (4,974) 4,975 5.55
Exercised ................................................... -- (420) 4.27
Canceled ................................................... 3,720 (3,720) 10.25
------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1998 (1,746,000 shares exercisable at a
weighted average exercise price of $6.49 at 12/31/98) ...... 846 6,100 5.58
Approved ................................................... 1,200 -- --
Granted at market price .................................... (2,848) 2,847 6.35
Granted below market price ................................. (150) 150 3.84
Exercised ................................................... -- (446) 2.03
Canceled ................................................... 1,752 (1,752) 8.36
------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1999 ................................. 800 6,899 $ 5.19
======= =======
</TABLE>
On December 11 and 14, 1998, the Company canceled options to purchase
2,346,999 shares of common stock with exercise prices ranging from $2.00 to
$23.50 per share previously granted to employees, and reissued all such options
at prices ranging from $4.25 to $4.625 per share, representing the fair market
values on the dates of reissuance. The issued options have a six-year term and
vest over three years from the date of reissuance. In February 1997, the
Company canceled options to purchase 225,100 shares of common stock with
exercise prices ranging from $13.13 to $23.50 per share previously granted to
employees, and reissued all such options at $11.00 to $11.63 per share,
representing the fair market value of the stock on the date of reissuance. The
reissued options have a ten-year term and vest over five years from the date of
reissuance.
36
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
<TABLE>
Significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 1999, and related
weighted average exercise price and contractual life information are as
follows:
<CAPTION>
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
----------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
Weighted
Average
Remaining Weighted Weighted
Range of Number Contractual Life Average Number Average
Exercise Prices Outstanding (in years) Exercise Price Outstanding Exercise Price
- ----------------- ------------- ------------------ ---------------- ------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$0.01 to $ 3.75 1,433,017 5.2 $ 2.60 646,628 $ 1.78
$3.81 to $ 4.06 963,306 5.1 3.97 104,413 3.95
$4.25 to $ 4.25 1,957,581 5.0 4.25 669,278 4.25
$4.31 to $ 7.50 1,350,053 5.4 5.70 291,165 5.11
$7.69 to $15.81 1,195,138 7.1 10.34 557,086 10.18
---------- ----------
6,899,095 5.5 $ 5.20 2,268,570 $ 5.10
========== ==========
</TABLE>
Pro forma stock compensation disclosures
The weighted average estimated grant date fair value, as defined by SFAS
123, for options granted at market price during 1999, 1998 and 1997 was $3.01,
$3.80, and $4.70, respectively. The estimated grant date fair value disclosed
by the Company is calculated using the Black-Scholes model. The Black-Scholes
model, as well as other currently accepted option valuation models, was
developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable
options without vesting restrictions, which significantly differ from the
Company's stock option awards. These models also require highly subjective
assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time until
exercise, which greatly affect the calculated grant date fair value.
<TABLE>
The following weighted average assumptions are included in the estimated
grant date fair value calculations for the Company's stock option awards under
the 1994 Plan:
<CAPTION>
1999 1998 1997
----------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Expected life (years) ...... 2.90 3.10 3.10
Risk-free interest rate ...... 5.39% 4.55% 5.98%
Volatility .................. 80.00% 80.00% 64.16%
Dividend yield ............... 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
Had the Company recorded compensation costs based on the estimated grant
date fair value, as defined by SFAS 123, for awards granted, the Company's net
income (loss) and net income (loss) per share would have been reduced
(increased) to the pro forma amounts below for the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997 (in thousands, except for per share amounts):
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------------- --------- ---------------
(restated)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net income (loss) As reported $ (14,573) $ 5,161 $ (61,745)
Pro forma (21,568) 1,714 (65,243)
Net income (loss) per share As reported $ (0.50) $ 0.18 $ (2.31)
--(basic and diluted) Pro forma (0.74) 0.06 (2.44)
</TABLE>
37
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
The estimated grant date fair value for options granted in connection with
the ARL acquisition under the 1997 Plan was $9.82 based on an independent
appraisal. The aggregate value of the options issued was included as a
component of the purchase price of ARL and has been excluded from the above pro
forma disclosures.
8. Notes Receivable From Employees or Former Employees
During 1997, 1998 and 1999, the Company made loans to certain of its
officers towards the purchase of their principal residences. Some of these
officers are no longer employed by the Company. The notes are generally
interest free and are secured by deeds of trust on the related residences. The
Company has imputed interest on the notes based on an assumed interest rate of
8% per annum. The notes are carried at their discounted value which aggregated
$3.2 million at December 31, 1999. As of December 31, 1999, the remaining
unamortized discount on the notes was $.9 million. The notes mature as follows:
$1.0 million in 2002; $2.5 million in 2003; and $.6 million in 2004.
9. Contingencies
On September 14, 1998, Cylink announced that its earnings for the third
quarter of 1998 would be below consensus estimates. In November 1998, Cylink
announced that, with the assistance of its independent accountants, it was
reviewing its revenue recognition practices, and Cylink announced that its
first and second quarter earnings of 1998 would have to be restated and that it
would have operating losses for each of the three quarters for the period ended
September 27, 1998. During the review, certain facts became known indicating
errors had been made in the application of revenue recognition policies which
also impacted the fourth quarter of 1997, and as a result, 1997 full-year
results have been restated along with first and second quarter 1998 results.
Cylink filed amended Forms 10-Q for the first and second quarters of 1998 and
an amended Form 10-K for 1997. Between November 6 and November 25, 1998,
several securities class action complaints were filed against Cylink and
certain of its current and former directors and officers in federal courts in
California. These complaints allege, among other things, that Cylink's
previously issued financial statements were materially false and misleading and
that the defendants knew or should have known that these financial statements
caused Cylink's common stock price to rise artificially. The actions variously
allege violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
"Exchange Act"), as amended, and SEC Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and
Section 20 of the Exchange Act.
Cylink believes it has meritorious defenses to these actions and intends
to defend itself vigorously. Cylink believes its insurance coverage for these
disputes is adequate. However, it is not feasible to predict or determine the
final outcome of these proceedings, and if the outcome were to be unfavorable,
Cylink's business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations
could be materially adversely affected.
38
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
<TABLE>
10. Geographic Information
The Company operates in one reportable segment: network security. Revenue
from continuing operations and long-lived assets, classified by the major
geographic areas in which the Company operates, were as follows:
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
---------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------- ---------- -------------
(restated--
See Note 2)
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue:
Sales to unaffiliated customers:
From United States to:
Customers in United States .................. $ 33,375 $ 25,334 $ 26,970
Customers in Central and South America ...... 2,883 1,752 2,340
Customers in Europe ........................ 6,612 3,855 7,996
Customers in Asia ........................... 4,925 1,303 2,326
From Europe to customers in Europe ............ 5,662 6,855 5,113
From Israel to:
Customers in North America .................. 112 -- --
Customers in Central and South America ...... 828 -- --
Customers in Europe ........................ 3,759 1,710 530
Customers in Asia ........................... 1,499 1,194 2,332
Other ....................................... -- 757 83
--------- --------- ---------
$ 59,655 $ 42,760 $ 47,690
========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
Net sales are attributable to countries based upon shipment destination
and service location.
December 31,
1999 1998
--------- ---------
(in thousands)
Long-lived assets:
United States ...... $ 8,456 $ 3,759
Europe ............ 510 254
Israel ............ 4,260 7,059
-------- --------
13,226 11,072
======== ========
Long-lived assets attributed to Israel include acquired technology,
goodwill and other intangibles of $2.6 million and $5.3 million at December 31,
1999 and 1998, respectively, related to the Company's acquisition of ARL in
September 1997.
11. Lease Commitments
The Company leases its headquarters and manufacturing facility and sales
offices under various noncancelable operating leases. These leases expire at
various dates through August 2009 and certain of the leases are renewable for
an additional five years. In addition to the minimum lease payments, the
Company is responsible for insurance, repairs and certain other operating costs
under the terms of the leases.
Under the terms of an operating lease, the Company is required to maintain
a restricted cash deposit with a financial institution to be used as collateral
against future minimum lease allocations, until the Company reaches some
defined profitability goals.
39
<PAGE>
Cylink Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -- (Continued)
Future minimum lease payments under all noncancelable operating leases are
as follows:
Year ending December 31, Leases
------------------------------ ----------------
(in thousands)
2000 ........................ $ 3,902,447
2001 ........................ 3,660,353
2002 ........................ 3,384,041
2003 ........................ 3,293,526
2004 ........................ 3,235,905
Subsequent to 2004 ......... 16,095,119
-------------
Total minimum payments ...... $ 33,571,391
=============
Rent expense under operating leases totaled $3,347,000, $1,473,000 and
$1,720,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
12. Subsequent Events
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In January 2000, Cylink adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan that
allows full time employees of the Company to purchase Cylink common stock at a
discount to the open market price through a payroll deduction plan. This Plan
is subject to shareholder approval at the annual shareholder meeting in May
2000. Employee contributions are limited to 12% of their base compensation
during the initial five month offering period and 10% of their base
compensation during each subsequent six month offering period, subject to an
overall limitation of $25,000 per year. Employee contributions that are
accumulated during the offering period are used to purchase Cylink common stock
at the end of the offering period at a 15% discount to the lower of the Cylink
market prices at the first day and the last day of the offering period.
401(k) Matching
In October 1999, the Board of Directors approved a 401(k) matching program
effective January 2000. Under the program, Cylink will match each enrolled
employee's contributions to his or her 401(k) plan on a dollar-for-dollar basis
up to a maximum contribution of $1,000 per employee. This program will impact
future operating results to the extent of the number of employees participating
in the 401(k) plan and the level of their contributions to the Plan.
Stock Option Plans
In January 2000, Cylink increased the number of shares available for award
under the Company's 1994 stock incentive plan by 1,200,000 shares.
13. Related Party Transactions
S.D.I. performed consulting services during 1999 totaling $80,000 for
Pittway Corporation, a 28% shareholder in Cylink.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable
40
<PAGE>
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by this Item with respect to directors, appearing
under the caption "Election of Directors" including subcaptions thereof, in
Cylink's Proxy Statement for the 2000 annual meeting of shareholders to be held
on or about May 17, 2000 (the "Proxy Statement") and which will be filed in
definitive form pursuant to Regulation 14a before the meeting date and within
120 days after the end of fiscal year 1999, is incorporated herein by
reference. The information required by this Item concerning Cylink's executive
officers is set forth in Part I hereof under the caption "Executive Officers of
the Registrant."
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item appearing under the caption
"Executive Compensation and Other Information" in Cylink's Proxy Statement is
incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT
The information required by this Item appearing under the caption
"Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" in Cylink's
Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this Item appearing under the caption "Certain
Transactions" in Cylink's Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) 1. Financial Statements--See index to Consolidated Financial
Statements and Financial Statement Schedule at page 21 of this
Form 10-K.
2. Financial Statement Schedule--See Index to Consolidated Financial
Statements and Financial Statement Schedule at page 21 of this For
10-K.
3. Exhibits Index:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
2.1 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 7, 1997, between Registrant,
A.R. Data Security Ltd. And Algorithmic Research Ltd. (4)
2.2 Seller's Agreement, dated as of September 8, 1997, among Registrant, A.R. Data
Security Ltd., Algorithmic Research Ltd., Amos Fiat, Yossi Cohen, Yossi Tulpan,
Koor Capital Markets, and Telrad Holdings Ltd. (4)
3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant (1) and Certificate
of Amendment thereto dated March 5, 1996.
3.2 Bylaws, as amended. (1)
3.3 Certificates of Amendment of the Bylaws dated March 26, 1997. (3)
4.1 Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3.
</TABLE>
41
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- -------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
4.2 Specimen certificate for Common Stock. (1)
10.1 Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and each of its executive
officers and directors. (1)
10.4 Employment Agreement between the Company and Fernand B. Sarrat, dated as of
November 6, 1996, and Severance and Consulting Agreement entered into
November 3, 1998. (2)(3)
10.5 Employment Agreement between the Company and William C. Crowell dated
December 18, 1997 (2)
10.6 Employment Agreement between the Company and Sarah Engel dated
February 14, 1997 (2)
10.8 Company's 1987 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan, including forms of agreements
thereunder. (1) (2)
10.9 Company's 1994 Flexible Stock Incentive Plan, including forms of agreements
thereunder, and amendments thereto. (1) (2)
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company.
23.1 Consent of Deloitte and Touche LLP.
23.2 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
24.1 Power of Attorney. Reference is made to Page IV-2.
27.1 Financial Data Schedule. (5)
27.2 Employment Agreement between the Company and Roger Barnes dated as of
October 14, 1999, and as amended August 9, 2000.
27.3 Lease dated May 10, 1999 by and between Orchard Jay Investors, LLC and David
Brown as Landlord and Cylink Corporation, as tenant, as amended August 5, 1999.
27.4 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Cylink Corporation,
Star Acquisition Corporation and Security Design International, Inc., dated as of
June 25, 1999.
<FN>
- ------------
(1) Incorporated by reference from the Company's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 Registration No. 33-80719, which became effective February 15, 1996.
(2) Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be
filed as an exhibit to this report on Form 10-K pursuant to Item 14(a).
(3) Incorporated by reference from the Company's report on Form 10-K filed as
of March 31, 1997 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996.
(4) Incorporated by reference from the Company's report on Form 8-K filed as of
September 23, 1997, and report on Form 8-K/A filed as of November 24,
1997.
(5) To be filed by amendment to this report on Form 10-K.
</FN>
</TABLE>
(b) On November 24, 1997, the Company filed a report on Form 8-K/A amending the
report on Form 8-K filed as of September 23, 1997, reporting under Items
2, 7, and 9 the Company's acquisition of ARL, by reporting under Item 7
the consolidated financial statements of A.R. Data Security Ltd. and pro
forma financial information for the Company and ARL.
42
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CYLINK CORPORATION
Date: March 27, 2000 By: /s/ William P. Crowell
---------------------------------------
William P. Crowell
President and Chief Executive Officer
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below constitutes and appoints Roger A. Barnes and Robert B. Fougner,
and each of them, acting individually, as his or her attorney-in-fact, each
with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name,
place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to
this Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them,
full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith and about the
premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully
do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
<TABLE>
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<CAPTION>
Signature Title Date
- ----------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------------
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ WILLIAM P. CROWELL President, Chief executive Officer March 27, 2000
- --------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer) and
William P. Crowell Director
/s/ ROGER A. BARNES Vice President of Finance and March 27, 2000
- --------------------------- Administration and Chief Financial
Roger A. Barnes Officer (Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)
/s/ LEO A. GUTHART Chairman of the Board March 27, 2000
- ---------------------------
Leo A. Guthart
/s/ ELWYN BERLEKAMP Director March 27, 2000
- ---------------------------
Elwyn Berlekamp
/s/ WILLIAM W. HARRIS Director March 27, 2000
- ---------------------------
William W. Harris
/s/ HOWARD L. MORGAN Director March 27, 2000
- ---------------------------
Howard L. Morgan
</TABLE>
43
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE II
CYLINK CORPORATION
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
(in thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Additions
Balance at Charged to Deductions Balance
Beginning Statement of from at end
of Year Operations Reserves of Year
------------ -------------- ------------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Allowance for doubtful accounts:
Year ended December 31, 1997 ...... $ 644 $ (211) $ -- $ 433
Year ended December 31, 1998 ...... $ 433 $ 874 $ 56 $1,251
Year ended December 31, 1999 ...... $1,251 $ 525 $835 $ 941
</TABLE>
44
EXHIBIT 23.1
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements
Nos. 333-09797 and 333-36845 of Cylink Corporation, on Form S-8 of our report
dated February 10, 2000 appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Cylink
Corporation for the year ended December 31, 1999.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Deloitte & Touche LLP
San Jose, California
March 27, 2000
45
EXHIBIT 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration
Statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-09797 and 333-36845) of Cylink Corporation of
our report dated February 26, 1999 relating to the financial statements, which
appear in this Form 10-K.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
March 27, 2000
46
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<MULTIPLIER> 1000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1999
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1999
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1999
<CASH> 33,170
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 17,071
<ALLOWANCES> 941
<INVENTORY> 6,745
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 62,060
<PP&E> 19,069
<DEPRECIATION> 9,031
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 91,289
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 19,198
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 299
<OTHER-SE> 126,896
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 81,289
<SALES> 59,655
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 59,655
<CGS> 19,159
<TOTAL-COSTS> 19,159
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 59,289
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 60
<INCOME-PRETAX> (16,703)
<INCOME-TAX> 174
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (16,877)
<DISCONTINUED> 2,304
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (14,573)
<EPS-BASIC> (0.50)
<EPS-DILUTED> (0.50)
</TABLE>
