SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report: February 6, 1998
(Date of earliest event reported)
FIRSTPLUS Investment Corporation
-----------------------------------------------------
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Nevada 333-26527 75-2596063
- --------------------------- ------------- --------------
(State or Other Jurisdiction (Commission (I.R.S. Employer
of Incorporation) File Number) Identification No.)
377 Howard Hughes Parkway
Suite 300N
Las Vegas, Nevada 89101
--------------------------
(Address of Principal (Zip Code)
Executive Offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (702) 892-3772
No Change
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Item 5. Other Events
------------
Reference is hereby made to the Registrant's Registration Statement
on Form S-3 (File No. 333-26527) pursuant to which the Registrant
registered issuances of FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust asset backed
securities, issuable in various series, for sale in accordance with the
provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act").
Reference is also hereby made to the Prospectus dated September 10,
1997, and the related Prospectus Supplement, dated January 30, 1998
(collectively, the "Prospectus"), which were previously filed with the
Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5), relating to the publicly offered
FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1 Asset Backed Securities, Series
1998-1, consisting of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4,
Class A-5, Class A-6, Class A-7, Class A-8, Class M-1 and Class M-2
Asset Backed Notes (the "Publicly Offered Securities"). Capitalized
terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned to such
terms in the Prospectus.
The Publicly Offered Securities were sold to PaineWebber
Incorporated ("PaineWebber"), Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., Deutsche Morgan
Grenfell Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
(collectively, the "Underwriters") pursuant to the terms of an
underwriting agreement dated June 12, 1997, (the "Underwriting
Agreement"), as supplemented by a terms agreement dated January 30, 1998
(the "Terms Agreement"), each among PaineWebber, as representative (the
"Representative") of the Underwriters, the Registrant, FIRSTPLUS
Financial, Inc. ("FFI") and FIRSTPLUS Financial Group, Inc. A copy of
the Underwriting Agreement was previously filed with the Commission and
a copy of the Terms Agreement is filed herewith as Exhibit 1.1.
The Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture dated as of February
1, 1998 (the "Indenture") among FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1
(the "Issuer" or the "Trust") and U.S. Bank National Association, as
Indenture Trustee (the "Indenture Trustee"). A copy of the Indenture is
filed herewith as Exhibit 4.1.
The Notes are secured by the assets of the Trust pursuant to the
Indenture. The assets of the Trust primarily include a pool of home
loans (the "Home Loans") consisting of loans which are secured by
mortgages, deeds of trust or other similar security instruments. The
Home Loans consist of loans for which the related proceeds were used to
finance (i) property improvements, (ii) debt consolidation, or (iii) a
combination of property improvements, cash-out or other consumer
purposes.
The Home Loans were sold by FFI to the Registrant pursuant to the
terms of a Loan Sale Agreement dated as of February 1, 1998 (the "Loan
Sale Agreement") and were simultaneously sold by the Registrant to the
Trust pursuant to the Sale and Servicing Agreement (defined below). A
copy of the Loan Sale Agreement is filed herewith as Exhibit 10.1.
The Home Loans will be serviced by FFI, an affiliate of the
Registrant, pursuant to the terms of a Sale and Servicing Agreement
dated as of February 1, 1998 (the "Sale and Servicing Agreement") among
the Registrant, as Seller, FFI, as Transferor and Servicer, the Issuer,
and U.S. Bank National Association, as Indenture Trustee and Co-Owner
Trustee. A copy of the Sale and Servicing Agreement is filed herewith
as Exhibit 10.2.
Item 7. Financial Statements and Exhibits
---------------------------------
(a) Not applicable.
(b) Not applicable.
(c) Exhibits
Exhibit No. Description
--------------------------
1.1 Terms Agreement
4.1 Indenture
10.1 Loan Sale Agreement
10.2 Sale and Servicing Agreement
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this Current Report on Form 8-K to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION
By: /s/ Lee F. Reddin
-----------------------------------------
Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
Dated: February 25, 1998
EXHIBIT INDEX
-------------
Exhibit No. Description Page No.
- ----------- ----------- --------
1.1 Terms Agreement
4.1 Indenture
10.1 Loan Sale Agreement
10.2 Sale and Servicing Agreement
EXHIBIT 1.1
EXECUTION
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN TRUST 1998-1
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
TERMS AGREEMENT
---------------
(to Underwriting Agreement,
dated June 12, 1997
among the Company, FFI, FFG and the Representative)
FIRSTPLUS Investment Corporation January 30, 1998
3773 Howard Hughes Parkway
Suite 300N
Las Vegas, Nevada 89109
FIRSTPLUS Financial Inc.
1600 Viceroy
Dallas, Texas 75235
This letter supplements and modifies the captioned Underwriting
Agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement") with respect to the Series 1998-1
Securities solely as it relates to the purchase and sale of such Offered
Securities described below. The Series 1998-1 Securities are registered with
the Securities and Exchange Commission by means of an effective Registration
Statement (No. 333-26527). Capitalized terms used and not defined herein
have the meanings given them in the Underwriting Agreement.
Section 1. The Home Loan Pool: The Series 1998-1 Securities
------------------
shall evidence the entire beneficial ownership interest in a mortgage pool
(the "Home Loan Pool") of mortgage loans (the "Home Loans") having the
characteristics described in the Prospectus Supplement dated the date hereof.
Section 2. The Securities: The Offered Securities shall be
--------------
issued as follows:
(a) Classes: The Offered Securities shall be issued with the
-------
following Class designations, interest rates and principal balances, subject
In the aggregate to the variance referred to in the Prospectus Supplement:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Principal Interest Class Purchase
Class Balance Rate(1) Price Percentage
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Class A-1 Notes $126,758,000 (2) 99.90000%
Class A-2 Notes $43,036,000 5.97% 99.86001%
Class A-3 Notes $ 80,263,000 6.04% 99.82022%
Class A-4 Notes $ 25,881,000 6.20% 99.78588%
Class A-5 Notes $ 21,180,000 6.25% 99.74885%
Class A-6 Notes $ 33,700,000 6.61% 99.67523%
Class A-7 Notes $ 20,746,000 6.88% 99.63571%
Class A-8 Notes $ 20,873,500 7.09% 99.56857%
Class M-1 Notes $ 66,912,500 6.95% 99.27109%
Class M-2 Notes $ 29,037,500 7.15% 99.22966%
</TABLE>
____________________
(1) The Interest Rate will be increased by 0.50% beginning after the Initial
Call Date, as defined in the Memorandum.
(2) Interest will accrue on the Class A-1 Notes with respect to each Payment
Date at a per annum rate equal to LIBOR for the related Accrual Period
plus 0.14%, subject to a maximum rate equal to the Net Weighted Average
Rate. Capitalized terms are as defined in the Prospectus Supplement.
Each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, subject to
the terms and provisions herein and of the captioned Underwriting Agreement,
to purchase the principal balances of the Classes of Series 1998-1 Securities
specified opposite its name below.
Merrill Lynch,
PaineWebber Bear, Stearns Deutsche Morgan Pierce, Fenner
Class Incorporated & Co. Inc. Grenfell Inc. & Smith Incorporated
- ----- ------------ ------------- --------------- --------------------
Class A-1 $31,689,500 $31,689,500 $31,689,500 $31,689,500
Notes
Class A-2 $10,759,000 $10,759,000 $10,759,000 $10,759,000
Notes
Class A-3 $20,065,750 $20,065,750 $20,065,750 $20,065,750
Notes
Class A-4 $6,470,250 $6,470,250 $6,470,250 $6,470,250
Notes
Class A-5 $5,295,000 $5,295,000 $5,295,000 $5,295,000
Notes
Class A-6 $8,425,000 $8,425,000 $8,425,000 $8,425,000
Notes
Class A-7 $5,186,500 $5,186,500 $5,186,500 $5,186,500
Notes
Class A-8 $5,218,375 $5,218,375 $5,218,375 $5,218,375
Notes
Class M-1 $16,728,125 $16,728,125 $16,728,125 $16,728,125
Notes
Class M-2 $7,259,375 $7,259,375 $7,259,375 $7,259,375
Notes
(b) The Offered Securities shall have such other characteristics
as described in the Prospectus Supplement.
Section 3. Purchase Price: The Purchase Price for each Class
--------------
of the Offered Securities shall be the Class Purchase Price Percentage
therefor (as set forth in Section 2(a) above) of the initial class principal
balance thereof.
Section 4. Required Ratings: The Offered Securities, other
----------------
than the Class M-1 and Class M-2 Notes, shall have received Required Ratings
of at least "AAA" by each of Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co. ("DCR"),
Standard & Poor's Rating Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc. ("S&P") and Fitch IBCA, Inc. ("Fitch" and, together with DCR and S&P,
the "Rating Agencies"). The Class M-1 and Class M-2 Notes and shall have
received Required Ratings of at least "AA" and "A", respectively, from each
of the Rating Agencies.
Section 5. Underwriter-Provided Information: The Company
--------------------------------
acknowledges that the information set forth in (a) the first sentence of the
last paragraph on the cover page of the Prospectus Supplement, (b) the first
sentence of the last paragraph on page "iii" of the Prospectus Supplement,
(c) the first table under the caption "Underwriting" and the first paragraph
immediately thereafter in the Prospectus Supplement and (d) the second table
under the caption "Underwriting" and the first, second and fifth paragraphs
immediately thereafter in the Prospectus Supplement, as such information
relates to the Securities, constitute the only information furnished in
writing by or on behalf of the Underwriters for inclusion in such Prospectus
Supplement.
Section 6. Location of Closing: Brown & Wood LLP, 815
-------------------
Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006.
If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our
agreement, please sign and return to the undersigned a counterpart hereof,
whereupon this letter and your acceptance shall represent a binding agreement
between the Underwriters and the Company.
Very truly yours,
PAINEWEBBER INCORPORATED
as Representative of the several Underwriters
By: /s/ James Rothman
---------------------------------------------
Name: James Rothman
Title: Vice President
The foregoing Agreement is
hereby confirmed and accepted
as of the date first above written.
FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION
By: /s/ Lee Reddin
---------------------------------------------
Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL INC.
By: /s/ Lee F. Reddin
---------------------------------------------
Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
Acknowledged by:
FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
By: /s/ Christopher J. Gramlich
---------------------------------------------
Name: Christopher J. Gramlich
Title: Senior Vice President
EXHIBIT 4.1
EXECUTION
INDENTURE
between
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1,
as Issuer
and
U. S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Indenture Trustee
Dated as of February 1, 1998
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1
Asset Backed Securities, Series 1998-1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
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ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
1.01. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.02. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act . . . . . . . 7
1.03. Rules of Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
ARTICLE II
THE NOTES
2.01. Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.02. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating . . . . . . . . 9
2.03. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange . . . . . . 10
2.04. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.05. Persons Deemed Owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.06. Payment of Principal and Interest; Defaulted Interest . . . . . 12
2.07. Cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.08. Authentication of Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.09. Release of Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.10. Book-Entry Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.11. Notices to Clearing Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.12. Definitive Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.13. Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
ARTICLE III
COVENANTS
3.01. Payment of Principal and Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.03. Money for Payments To Be Held in Trust . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.04. Existence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.05. Protection of Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.06. Annual Opinions as to Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.07. Performance of Obligations; Servicing of Home Loans . . . . . . 23
3.08. Negative Covenants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.09. Annual Statement as to Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.10. Covenants of the Issuer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.11. Servicer's Obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.12. Restricted Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.13. Treatment of Notes as Debt for Tax Purposes . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.14. Notice of Events of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.15. Further Instruments and Acts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
ARTICLE IV
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.02. Application of Trust Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.03. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent . . . . . . . . . . . 28
ARTICLE V
REMEDIES
5.01. Events of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment . . . . . . 30
5.03. Non-Priority Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.04. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement
by Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.05. Remedies; Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.06. Optional Preservation of the Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.07. Limitation of Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.08. Unconditional Rights of Noteholders To Receive Principal
and Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.09. Restoration of Rights and Remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.11. Delay or Omission Not a Waiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.12. Control by Noteholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.14. Undertaking for Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.15. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
5.16. Action on Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
5.17. Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations . . . . . . 38
ARTICLE VI
THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE
6.01. Duties of Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.02. Rights of Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
6.03. Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.04. Indenture Trustee's Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.05. Notice of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.06. Reports by Indenture Trustee to Holders . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.07. Compensation and Indemnity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.08. Replacement of Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
6.09. Successor Indenture Trustee by Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
6.10. Appointment of Co-Indenture Trustee or Separate Indenture
Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
6.11. Eligibility; Disqualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
6.12. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer . . . . . . . 45
ARTICLE VII
NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS
7.01. Issuer To Furnish Indenture Trustee Names and Addresses of
Noteholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Noteholders . . 45
7.03. Reports by Issuer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
7.04. Reports by Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
ARTICLE VIII
ACCOUNTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND RELEASES
8.01. Collection of Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.02. Payments and Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.03. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8.04. Servicer's Monthly Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8.05. Release of Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8.06. Opinion of Counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
ARTICLE IX
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders . . . . 50
9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Noteholders . . . . . . 52
9.03. Execution of Supplemental Indentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
9.04. Effect of Supplemental Indenture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
9.05. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
9.06. Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures . . . . . . . . . 54
9.07 Amendments to Trust Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
ARTICLE X
REDEMPTION OF NOTES
10.01. Redemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
10.02. Form of Redemption Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
10.03. Notes Payable on Termination Date; Provision for Payment
of Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
11.01. Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc. . . . . . . . . . . 55
11.02. Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee . . . . . . . 57
11.03. Acts of Noteholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
11.04. Notices, etc. to Indenture Trustee, Issuer and Rating
Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
11.05. Notices to Noteholders; Waiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
11.06. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
11.07. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
11.08. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.09. Successors and Assigns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.10. Severability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.11. Benefits of Indenture and Consent of Noteholders . . . . . . . 60
11.12. Legal Holidays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.13. Governing Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.14. Counterparts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.15. Recording of Indenture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
11.16. Issuer Obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
11.17. No Petition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
11.18. Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
SCHEDULE I - Schedule of Home Loans
EXHIBIT A - Forms of Notes
INDENTURE dated as of February 1, 1998, between FIRSTPLUS Home Loan
Owner Trust 1998-1, a Delaware business trust (the "Issuer"), and U.S. Bank
National Association, a national banking association, as trustee and not in
its individual capacity (the "Indenture Trustee").
Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for
the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of the Notes:
GRANTING CLAUSE
Subject to the terms of this Indenture, the Issuer hereby Grants to the
Indenture Trustee at the Closing Date, as Indenture Trustee for the benefit
of the holders of the Notes, all of the Issuer's right, title and interest in
and to: (i) the Trust Estate (as defined in the Sale and Servicing
Agreement); (ii) the Sale and Servicing Agreement (including the Issuer's
right to cause the Transferor and/or the Seller to repurchase Home Loans from
the Issuer under certain circumstances described therein); (iii) all present
and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect
of any or all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds
of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the
foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or
involuntary, into cash or other liquid property, all cash proceeds, accounts,
accounts receivable, notes, drafts, acceptances, chattel paper, checks,
deposit accounts, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment
of any and every kind and other forms of obligations and receivables,
instruments and other property which at any time constitute all or part of or
are included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing; (iv) the Trust
Accounts, all amounts and property in the Trust Accounts from time to time,
and the Security Entitlements to all Financial Assets credited to the Trust
Accounts from time to time and (v) all other property of the Trust from time
to time (collectively, the "Collateral").
The foregoing Grant is made in trust to secure the payment of principal
of and interest on, and any other amounts owing in respect of, the Notes,
equally and ratably without prejudice, priority or distinction, and to secure
compliance with the provisions of this Indenture, all as provided in this
Indenture.
The Indenture Trustee, as Indenture Trustee on behalf of the holders of
the Notes, acknowledges such Grant, accepts the trusts hereunder and agrees
to perform the duties required of it in this Indenture to the best of its
ability to the end that the interests of the holders of the Notes may be
adequately and effectively protected. The Indenture Trustee agrees and
acknowledges that the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan Files will be held by the
Custodian for the benefit of the Indenture Trustee in Dallas, Texas. The
Indenture Trustee further agrees and acknowledges that each other item of
Collateral that is physically delivered to the Indenture Trustee will be held
by the Indenture Trustee in St. Paul, Minnesota. Subject to the conditions
set forth in this Indenture, on each Subsequent Transfer Date and pursuant to
a Subsequent Transfer Agreement, the Issuer shall Grant to the Indenture
Trustee all of the Issuer's right, title and interest of the Issuer in and to
each Subsequent Home Loan (including all interest and principal thereon
received after the related Cut-Off Date) identified on the schedule attached
to the related Subsequent Transfer Agreement and all items in the related
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File.
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
------------------------------------------
Section 1.01. Definitions. Except as otherwise specified herein or as
-----------
the context may otherwise require, (i) capitalized terms used but not
otherwise defined herein have the respective meanings set forth in the Sale
and Servicing Agreement for all purposes of this Indenture and (ii) the
following terms have the respective meanings set forth below for all purposes
of this Indenture.
Act: The meaning specified in Section 11.03(a).
---
Affiliate: With respect to any specified Person, any other Person
---------
controlling or controlled by or under common control with such specified
Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" when used with
respect to any Person means the power to direct the management and policies
of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of
voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and
"controlled" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
Authorized Officer: With respect to the Issuer, any officer of the
------------------
Owner Trustee who is authorized to act for the Owner Trustee in matters
relating to the Issuer and who is identified on the list of Authorized
Officers delivered by the Owner Trustee to the Indenture Trustee on the
Closing Date (as such list may be modified or supplemented from time to time
thereafter) and, so long as the Administration Agreement is in effect, any
Vice President or more senior officer of the Administrator who is authorized
to act for the Administrator in matters relating to the Issuer and to be
acted upon by the Administrator pursuant to the Administration Agreement and
who is identified on the list of Authorized Officers delivered by the
Administrator to the Indenture Trustee on the Closing Date (as such list may
be modified or supplemented from time to time thereafter).
Book-Entry Notes: A beneficial interest in any Class of Notes,
----------------
ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a
Clearing Agency as described in Section 2.10.
Certificate Depository Agreement: The meaning specified in Section
--------------------------------
1.01 of the Trust Agreement.
Certificate of Trust: The certificate of trust of the Issuer
--------------------
substantially in the form of Exhibit B to the Trust Agreement.
Collateral: The meaning specified in the Granting Clause of this
----------
Indenture.
Corporate Trust Office: The principal office of the Indenture Trustee
----------------------
at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be
administered, which office at date of execution of this Agreement is located
at 180 East Fifth Street, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101; Attention: Corporate
Trust Department, or at such other address as the Indenture Trustee may
designate from time to time by notice to the Noteholders and the Issuer, or
the principal corporate trust office of any successor Indenture Trustee at
the address designated by such successor Indenture Trustee by notice to the
Noteholders and the Issuer.
Default: Any occurrence that is, or with notice or the lapse of time
-------
or both would become, an Event of Default.
Definitive Notes: The meaning specified in Section 2.12.
----------------
Depository Institution: Any depository institution or trust company,
----------------------
including the Indenture Trustee, that (a) is incorporated under the laws of
the United States of America or any State thereof, (b) is subject to
supervision and examination by federal or state banking authorities and
(c) has outstanding unsecured commercial paper or other short-term unsecured
debt obligations that are rated in the highest rating category by each Rating
Agency, or is otherwise acceptable to each Rating Agency.
Event of Default: As specified in Section 5.01.
----------------
Executive Officer: With respect to any corporation, the Chief
-----------------
Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer,
President, Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the Secretary or the
Treasurer of such corporation; and with respect to any partnership, any
general partner thereof.
Grant: Mortgage, pledge, bargain, sell, warrant, alienate, remise,
-----
release, convey, assign, transfer, create, and grant a lien upon and a
security interest in and right of set-off against, deposit, set over and
confirm pursuant to this Indenture. A Grant of the Collateral or of any
other agreement or instrument shall include all rights, powers and options
(but none of the obligations) of the granting party thereunder, including the
immediate and continuing right to claim for, collect, receive and give
receipt for principal and interest payments in respect of the Collateral and
all other moneys payable thereunder, to give and receive notices and other
communications, to make waivers or other agreements, to exercise all rights
and options, to bring Proceedings in the name of the granting party or
otherwise, and generally to do and receive anything that the granting party
is or may be entitled to do or receive thereunder or with respect thereto.
Highest Priority Class Notes: Until the Class Principal Balances of
----------------------------
all Classes of Senior Notes are reduced to zero and all sums payable to the
Holders of the Senior Notes have been paid in full, the Senior Notes; when
the Class Principal Balances of all Classes of Senior Notes have been reduced
to zero and all amounts payable to the Holders of the Senior Notes have been
paid in full, the Class M-1 Notes; when the Class Principal Balances of all
Classes of Senior Notes and the Class M-1 Notes have been reduced to zero and
all sums payable to the Holders of the Senior Notes and Class M-1 Notes have
been paid in full, the Class M-2 Notes.
Holder or Noteholder: The Person in whose name a Note is registered
------ ----------
on the Note Register.
Indenture Trustee: U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking
-----------------
association, as Indenture Trustee under this Indenture acting on behalf of
the Noteholders, or any successor indenture trustee under this Indenture.
Independent: When used with respect to any specified Person, that such
-----------
Person (a) is in fact independent of the Issuer, any other obligor on the
Notes, the Seller and any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons, (b) does
not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial
interest in the Issuer, any such other obligor, the Seller or any Affiliate
of any of the foregoing Persons and (c) is not connected with the Issuer, any
such other obligor, the Seller or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing
Persons as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner,
director or person performing similar functions.
Independent Certificate: A certificate or opinion to be delivered to
-----------------------
the Indenture Trustee under the circumstances described in, and otherwise
complying with, the applicable requirements of Section 11.01, made by an
Independent appraiser or other expert appointed by an Issuer Order and
approved by the Indenture Trustee in the exercise of reasonable care, and
such opinion or certificate shall state that the signer has read the
definition of "Independent" in this Indenture and that the signer is
Independent within the meaning thereof.
Issuer: FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1 until a successor
------
replaces it and, thereafter, the successor and, for purposes of any provision
contained herein and required by the TIA, each other obligor on the Notes.
Issuer Order and Issuer Request: A written order or request signed in
------------ --------------
the name of the Issuer by any one of its Authorized Officers and delivered to
the Indenture Trustee.
Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders: On any date, Holders of
-------------------------------------------
Highest Priority Class Notes representing more than 50% of the Class
Principal Balance of the Highest Priority Class Notes then outstanding.
Maturity Date: With respect to each Class of Notes, the applicable
-------------
maturity date set forth below:
Class Maturity Date
----- -------------
A-1 September 10, 2008
A-2 November 10, 2010
A-3 October 10, 2013
A-4 March 10, 2015
A-5 November 10, 2016
A-6 May 10, 2020
A-7 April 10, 2022
A-8 January 10, 2024
M-1 January 10, 2024
M-2 January 10, 2024
Non-Priority Class: As of any date of determination, any outstanding
------------------
Class of Notes other than the Highest Priority Class Notes.
Note Depository Agreement: The agreement dated February 10, 1998,
-------------------------
among the Issuer, the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee and The Depository
Trust Company, as the initial Clearing Agency, relating to the Book Entry
Notes.
Note Owner: With respect to a Book-Entry Note, the Person who is the
----------
beneficial owner of such Book-Entry Note, as reflected on the books of the
Clearing Agency or on the books of a Person maintaining an account with such
Clearing Agency (directly as a Clearing Agency Participant or as an indirect
participant, in each case in accordance with the rules of such Clearing
Agency).
Note Register and Note Registrar: The respective meanings specified in
--------------------------------
Section 2.03
Officer's Certificate: A certificate signed by any Authorized Officer
---------------------
of the Issuer or the Administrator, under the circumstances described in, and
otherwise complying with, the applicable requirements of Section 11.01, and
delivered to the Indenture Trustee.
Opinion of Counsel: One or more written opinions of counsel who may,
------------------
except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture, be employees of or
counsel to the Issuer and who shall be satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee,
which opinion or opinions shall be addressed to the Indenture Trustee, as
Indenture Trustee, and shall comply with any applicable requirements of
Section 11.01 and shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the
Indenture Trustee.
Outstanding: With respect to any Note and as of the date of
-----------
determination, any Note theretofore authenticated and delivered under this
Indenture except:
(i) Notes theretofore canceled by the Note Registrar or
delivered to the Note Registrar for cancellation;
(ii) Notes or portions thereof the payment for which money in the
necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Indenture
Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the related Noteholders
(provided, however, that if such Notes are to be redeemed, notice of
such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or
provision for such notice has been made, satisfactory to the Indenture
Trustee); and
(iii) Notes in exchange for or in lieu of which other Notes have
been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture unless proof
satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee is presented that any such Notes
are held by a bona fide purchaser; provided, that in determining whether
the Holders of the requisite Outstanding Amount of the Notes have given
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, or
waiver hereunder or under any Basic Document, Notes owned by the Issuer,
any other obligor upon the Notes, the Seller or any Affiliate of any of
the foregoing Persons shall be disregarded and deemed not to be
Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Indenture Trustee
shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, or waiver, only Notes that
the Indenture Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded.
Notes so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as
Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the
Indenture Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such
Notes and that the pledgee is not the Issuer, any other obligor upon the
Notes, the Seller or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons.
Outstanding Amount: The aggregate of the Note Principal Balances of all
------------------
Notes Outstanding at the date of determination.
Paying Agent: The Indenture Trustee or any other Person that meets the
------------
eligibility standards for the Indenture Trustee specified in Section 6.11 and
is authorized by the Issuer to make payments to and distributions from the
Note Payment Account, including payment of principal of or interest on the
Notes on behalf of the Issuer.
Predecessor Note: With respect to any particular Note, every previous
----------------
Note evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such
particular Note; and, for the purpose of this definition, any Note
authenticated and delivered under Section 2.04 in lieu of a mutilated, lost,
destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the
mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note.
Proceeding: Any suit in equity, action at law or other judicial or
----------
administrative proceeding.
Rating Agency Condition: With respect to any action to which a Rating
-----------------------
Agency Condition applies, that each Rating Agency shall have been given 10
days (or such shorter period as is acceptable to each Rating Agency) prior
notice thereof and that each of the Rating Agencies shall have notified the
Seller, the Servicer and the Issuer in writing that such action will not
result in a reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating of the Notes
or the Certificates.
Registered Holder: The Person in whose name a Note is registered on
-----------------
the Note Register on the applicable Record Date.
Sale and Servicing Agreement: The Sale and Servicing Agreement dated
----------------------------
as of February 1, 1998, among the Issuer, FIRSTPLUS Investment Corporation,
as Seller, and, FIRSTPLUS Financial, Inc., as Transferor and Servicer, and
the Indenture Trustee, as Indenture Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee, as such may
be amended or supplemented from time to time.
Schedule of Home Loans: The listing of the Home Loans set forth in
----------------------
Schedule A, as supplemented as of each Subsequent Transfer Date and as of any
date on which a Deleted Home Loan has been repurchased from the Trust or
substituted with a Qualified Substitute Home Loan pursuant to Section 3.05 of
the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
State: Any one of the 50 States of the United States of America or the
-----
District of Columbia.
Termination Date: In the case of a redemption of the Notes pursuant
----------------
to Section 10.01 or a payment to Noteholders pursuant to Section 10.03, the
Payment Date specified by the Transferor pursuant to Section 10.10.
Trust Indenture Act or TIA: The Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in
------------------- ---
force on the date hereof, unless otherwise specifically provided.
Section 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.
-------------------------------------------------
Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is
incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The
following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:
"Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
----------
"indenture securities" means the Notes.
--------------------
"indenture security holder" means a Noteholder.
-------------------------
"indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture.
-------------------------
"indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the Indenture
----------------- ---------------------
Trustee.
"obligor" on the indenture securities means the Issuer and any other
-------
obligor on the indenture securities.
All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the TIA,
defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by Commission rule
have the meaning assigned to them by such definitions.
Section 1.03. Rules of Construction. Unless the context otherwise
---------------------
requires:
(i) a term has the meaning assigned to it;
(ii) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning
assigned to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles as in effect from time to time;
(iii) "or" is not exclusive;
(iv) "including" means including without limitation;
(v) words in the singular include the plural and words in the
plural include the singular; and
(vi) any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred
to herein or in any instrument or certificate delivered in connection
herewith means such agreement, instrument or statute as from time to
time amended, modified or supplemented (as provided in such agreements)
and includes (in the case of agreements or instruments) references to
all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein; references
to a Person are also to its permitted successors and assigns.
ARTICLE II
THE NOTES
---------
Section 2.01. Form. The Notes shall be designated as the "FIRSTPLUS
----
Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1 Asset Backed Notes". The Notes of each Class,
in each case together with the Indenture Trustee's certificate of
authentication, shall be in substantially the forms set forth in Exhibit A,
with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other
variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such
letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or
endorsements placed thereon as may, consistently herewith, be determined by
the officers executing such Notes, as evidenced by their execution thereof.
Any portion of the text of any Note may be set forth on the reverse thereof,
with an appropriate reference thereto on the face of the Note.
The Notes shall be typewritten, printed, lithographed or engraved or
produced by any combination of these methods, all as determined by the
officers executing such Notes, as evidenced by their execution of such Notes.
The terms of the Notes set forth in Exhibit A are part of the terms of
this Indenture.
Section 2.02. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. The
----------------------------------------------
Notes shall be executed on behalf of the Issuer by an Authorized Officer of
the Owner Trustee or the Administrator. The signature of any such Authorized
Officer on the Notes may be manual or facsimile.
Notes bearing the manual or facsimile signature of individuals who were
at any time Authorized Officers of the Owner Trustee or the Administrator
shall bind the Issuer, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them
have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of
such Notes or did not hold such offices at the date of such Notes.
Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.08,
the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver the Notes for original
issue in the aggregate principal amounts with respect to each Class as
specified below:
Class Aggregate Principal Amount
---------------------------------------------------
A-1 $126,758,000.00
A-2 $43,036,000.00
A-3 $80,263,000.00
A-4 $25,881,000.00
A-5 $21,180,000.00
A-6 $33,700,000.00
A-7 $20,746,000.00
A-8 $20,873,000.00
M-1 $66,912,500.00
M-2 $29,037,500.00
each class of Notes outstanding at any time may not exceed such respective
amounts.
The Notes that are authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee
to or upon the order of the Issuer on the Closing Date shall be dated the
Closing Date. All other Notes that are authenticated after the Closing Date
for any other purpose under the Indenture shall be dated the date of their
authentication. The Notes shall be issuable as registered Notes in the
minimum denomination $100,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess
thereof, except that one Note of each Class may be issued in any denomination
in excess of the minimum denomination.
No Note shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be
valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Note a
certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein
executed by the Indenture Trustee by the manual signature of one of its
authorized signatories, and such certificate upon any Note shall be
conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Note has been duly
authenticated and delivered hereunder.
Section 2.03. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange. The
---------------------------------------------------
Issuer shall cause to be kept a register (the "Note Register") in which,
subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Issuer shall
provide for the registration of Notes and the registration of transfers of
Notes. The Indenture Trustee initially shall be the "Note Registrar" for the
purpose of registering Notes and transfers of Notes as herein provided. Upon
any resignation of any Note Registrar, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a
successor or, if it elects not to make such an appointment, assume the duties
of Note Registrar.
If a Person other than the Indenture Trustee is appointed by the Issuer
as Note Registrar, the Issuer will give the Indenture Trustee prompt written
notice of the appointment of such Note Registrar and of the location, and any
change in the location, of the Note Register, and the Indenture Trustee shall
have the right to inspect the Note Register at all reasonable times and to
obtain copies thereof, and the Indenture Trustee shall have the right to rely
upon a certificate executed on behalf of the Note Registrar by an Executive
Officer thereof as to the names and addresses of the Holders of the Notes and
the principal amounts and number of such Notes.
Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note at the office or
agency of the Issuer to be maintained as provided in Section 3.02, the Issuer
shall execute, and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the
Noteholder shall be entitled to obtain from the Indenture Trustee, in the
name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes of
the same Class in any authorized denominations, of a like aggregate principal
amount. At the option of the Holder, Notes may be exchanged for other Notes
of the same Class in any authorized denominations, of a like aggregate
principal amount, upon surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at such office
or agency. Whenever any Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer
shall execute, and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the
Noteholder shall be entitled to obtain from the Indenture Trustee, the Notes
which the Noteholder making the exchange is entitled to receive.
All Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes
shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and
entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Notes surrendered
upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
Any Note presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or
exchange shall be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument
of transfer in form satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee duly executed by,
the Holder thereof or such Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing, with
such signature guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution" meeting the
requirements of the Note Registrar, which requirements include membership or
participation in the Securities Transfer Agent's Medallion Program ("STAMP")
or such other "signature guarantee program" as may be determined by the Note
Registrar in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance
with the Exchange Act.
No service charge shall be made to a Noteholder for any registration of
transfer or exchange of Notes, but the Issuer may require payment of a sum
sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed
in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes, other
than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.04 or Section 9.06 not involving any
transfer.
The preceding provisions of this Section notwithstanding, the Issuer
shall not be required to make and the Note Registrar need not register
transfers or exchanges of Notes selected for redemption or of any Note for a
period of 15 days preceding the due date for any payment with respect to such
Note.
Section 2.04. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes. If (i) any
------------------------------------------
mutilated Note is surrendered to the Indenture Trustee, or the Indenture
Trustee receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or
theft of any Note, and (ii) there is delivered to the Indenture Trustee such
security or indemnity as may be required by it to hold the Issuer and the
Indenture Trustee harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Issuer, the
Note Registrar or the Indenture Trustee that such Note has been acquired by a
bona fide purchaser, the Issuer shall execute, and upon its request the
Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu
of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note, a replacement Note of
the same Class; provided, however, that if any such destroyed, lost or stolen
Note, but not a mutilated Note, shall have become or within seven days shall
be due and payable, or shall have been called for redemption, instead of
issuing a replacement Note, the Issuer may pay such destroyed, lost or stolen
Note when so due or payable or upon the Termination Date without surrender
thereof. If, after the delivery of such replacement Note or payment of a
destroyed, lost or stolen Note pursuant to the proviso to the preceding
sentence, a bona fide purchaser of the original Note in lieu of which such
replacement Note was issued presents for payment such original Note, the
Issuer and the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to recover such
replacement Note (or such payment) from the Person to whom it was delivered
or any Person taking such replacement Note from such Person to whom such
replacement Note was delivered or any assignee of such Person, except a bona
fide purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or
indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or
expense incurred by the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee in connection
therewith.
Upon the issuance of any replacement Note under this Section, the Issuer
may require the payment by the Holder of such Note of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation
thereto and any other reasonable expenses (including the fees and expenses of
the Indenture Trustee) connected therewith.
Every replacement Note issued pursuant to this Section in replacement of
any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall constitute an original
additional contractual obligation of the Issuer, whether or not the
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be at any time enforceable by
anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally
and proportionately with any and all other Notes duly issued hereunder.
The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes.
Section 2.05. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment for
---------------------
registration of transfer of any Note, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and
any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in
whose name any Note is registered (as of the day of determination) as the
owner of such Note for the purpose of receiving payments of principal of and
interest, if any, on such Note and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether
or not such Note be overdue, and none of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee or
any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee shall be affected by notice
to the contrary.
Section 2.06. Payment of Principal and Interest; Defaulted Interest.
-----------------------------------------------------
(a) The Notes of each Class shall accrue interest at the Interest Rate
applicable thereto, as set forth in Exhibit A, and such interest shall be
payable on each Payment Date as specified therein, subject to Section 3.01.
With respect to each outstanding Class of LIBOR Securities, if any, the
Indenture Trustee or shall determine LIBOR for each applicable Accrual Period
(other than the initial Accrual Period) on the second London Business Day
prior thereto. All interest payments on each Class of Notes shall be made
pro rata to the Noteholders of such Class entitled thereto. Any installment
of interest or principal payable on any Note shall be paid on the applicable
Payment Date to the Person in whose name such Note (or one or more
Predecessor Notes) is registered on the Record Date (or, in the case of
payment of Deferred Amounts, to the Person in whose name such Note was most
recently registered, if such Note has previously been surrendered to the
Indenture Trustee for final payment) by check mailed first-class postage
prepaid to such Person's address as it appears on the Note Register on such
Record Date, except that, unless Definitive Notes have been issued pursuant
to Section 2.12, with respect to Notes registered on the Record Date in the
name of the nominee of the Clearing Agency (initially, such nominee to be
Cede & Co.), payment will be made by wire transfer in immediately available
funds to the account designated by such nominee, except for the final
installment of principal payable with respect to such Note on a Payment Date
or on the Maturity Date (and except for the Termination Price ), which shall
be payable as provided below. The funds represented by any such checks
returned undelivered shall be held in accordance with Section 3.03.
(b) The principal of each Note shall be payable in installments on each
Payment Date as provided in the forms of the Notes set forth in Exhibit A.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the entire unpaid principal amount of the
Notes together with the amount of any Deferred Amounts in respect thereof of
a Class of Notes shall be due and payable, if not previously paid, on the
earlier of (i) the Maturity Date, (ii) the Termination Date or (iii) the date
on which an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, if the
Indenture Trustee or the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders have
declared the Notes to be immediately due and payable in the manner provided
in Section 5.02. All principal payments on each Class of Notes shall be made
pro rata to the Noteholders of such Class entitled thereto. The Indenture
Trustee shall notify the Person in whose name a Note is registered at the
close of business on the Record Date preceding the Payment Date on which the
Issuer expects that the final installment of principal of and interest on
such Note will be paid. Such notice shall be mailed or transmitted by
facsimile prior to such final Payment Date and shall specify that such final
installment will be payable only upon presentation and surrender of such Note
and shall specify the place where such Note may be presented and surrendered
for payment of such installment. Notices in connection with an early
termination of the Notes as provided in Section 10.01 shall be mailed to
Noteholders as provided in Section 10.02.
Section 2.07. Cancellation. All Notes surrendered for payment,
------------
registration of transfer, exchange or redemption shall, if surrendered to any
Person other than the Indenture Trustee, be delivered to the Indenture
Trustee and shall be promptly canceled by the Indenture Trustee. The Issuer
shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation any Notes previously
authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Issuer may have acquired in
any manner whatsoever, and all Notes so delivered shall be promptly canceled
by the Indenture Trustee. No Notes shall be authenticated in lieu of or in
exchange for any Notes canceled as provided in this Section, except as
expressly permitted by this Indenture. All canceled Notes may be held or
disposed of by the Indenture Trustee in accordance with its standard
retention or disposal policy as in effect at the time unless the Issuer shall
direct by an Issuer Order that they be destroyed or returned to it; provided,
that such Issuer Order is timely and the Notes have not been previously
disposed of by the Indenture Trustee.
Section 2.08. Authentication of Notes. (a) The Notes shall be
-----------------------
authenticated by the Indenture Trustee, upon Issuer Request and upon receipt
by the Indenture Trustee of the following:
(i) An Issuer Order authorizing the execution and
authentication of such Notes;
(ii) All of the items of Collateral that are to be delivered
to the Indenture Trustee or its designee;
(iii) An executed counterpart of the Trust Agreement;
(iv) A fair value certificate from the Servicer, as agent of
the Trust, pursuant to Section 2(a)(xi) of the Administration Agreement;
(v) Except to the extent provided in subsection (b) below,
Opinions of Counsel addressed to the Indenture Trustee to the effect
that:
(A) the Issuer has been duly formed and is validly
existing as a business trust under the laws of the State of
Delaware, and has power, authority and legal right to execute
and deliver this Indenture, the Administration Agreement and
the Sale and Servicing Agreement;
(B) the issuance of the Notes has been duly and validly
authorized by the Issuer;
(C) the Notes, when executed and authenticated in
accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and delivered
against payment therefor, will be the legal, valid and
binding obligations of the Issuer pursuant to the terms of
this Indenture and will be entitled to the benefits of this
Indenture, and will be enforceable in accordance with their
terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
arrangement, moratorium, fraudulent or preferential conveyance
and other similar laws of general application affecting the
rights of creditors generally and to general principles of
equity (regardless of whether such enforcement is considered
in a proceeding in equity or at law);
(D) all instruments furnished to the Indenture Trustee
as conditions precedent to the authentication of the Notes by
the Indenture Trustee pursuant to the Indenture conform to the
requirements of this Indenture and constitute all the
documents required to be delivered hereunder for the Indenture
Trustee to authenticate the Notes;
(E) all conditions precedent provided for in this
Indenture relating to the authentication of the Notes have
been complied with;
(F) assuming due authorization, execution and delivery
thereof by the Indenture Trustee, this Indenture has been duly
executed and delivered by Issuer and constitutes the legal,
valid and binding obligation of the Issuer, enforceable
against the Issuer in accordance with its terms, subject to
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement,
moratorium, fraudulent or preferential conveyance and other
similar laws of general application affecting the rights of
creditors generally and to general principles of equity
(regardless of whether such enforcement is considered in a
proceeding in equity or at law);
(G) The Issuer is not required to be registered under
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
(H) The Notes will be treated as indebtedness for
federal income tax purposes;
(I) The Issuer will not be characterized as an
association (or publicly traded partnership) taxable as a
corporation;
(J) This Indenture has been duly qualified under the
Trust Indenture Act of 1939;
(K) The delivery by the Issuer to the Custodian, on
behalf of the Indenture Trustee, in the State of Texas of the
Debt Instruments pursuant to the Indenture will perfect the
security interest in favor of the Indenture Trustee under the
Texas UCC in all right, title and interest of the Issuer in
such Debt Instruments and, assuming the Indenture Trustee
acquires its interest in such Debt Instruments without
knowledge that the same are subject to a security interest
(other than the security interest created by this Indenture),
Indenture Trustee will acquire such security interest in such
Debt Instruments free and clear of any prior lien of a kind
which may be perfected under Article 9 of the Texas UCC. The
Debt Instruments constitute "instruments" under Article 9 of
the New York UCC and Article 9 of the Texas UCC; and
(L) The security interest in the portion of the Trust
Estate constituting "proceeds" (as defined in Section 9.306(a)
of the Texas UCC) from the Debt Instruments will be perfected
as and to the extent provided in Section 9.306 of the Texas
UCC and, assuming that none of such proceeds represent
proceeds (as defined in the Texas UCC) of collateral in which
another party has a prior perfected security interest, the
Indenture Trustee will acquire such security interest in such
proceeds free and clear of any prior lien of a kind which may
be perfected under Article 9 of the Texas UCC.
(vi) An Officer's Certificate of the Issuer complying with the
requirements of Section 11.01 and stating that:
(A) the Issuer is not in Default under this Indenture
and the issuance of the Notes will not result in any breach of
any of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a
default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other
agreement or instrument to which the Issuer is a party or by
which it is bound, or any order of any court or administrative
agency entered in any proceeding to which the Issuer is a
party or by which it may be bound or to which it may be
subject;
(B) the Issuer is the owner of all of the Home Loans,
has not assigned any interest or participation in the Home
Loans (or, if any such interest or participation has been
assigned, it has been released) and has the right to Grant all
of the Home Loans to the Indenture Trustee;
(C) the Issuer has Granted to the Indenture Trustee all
of its right, title, and interest in the Collateral, and has
delivered or caused the same to be delivered to the Indenture
Trustee;
(D) attached thereto are true and correct copies of
letters signed by each Rating Agency, confirming that (i) each
of the Senior Notes have been rated "AAA" by each Rating
Agency, (ii) the Class M-1 Notes have been rated "AA" by each
Rating Agency, and (iii) the Class M-2 Notes have been rated
"A" by each Rating Agency; and
(E) all conditions precedent provided for in this
Indenture relating to the authentication and delivery of the
Notes have been complied with.
(b) The Opinions of Counsel to be delivered pursuant to subsection
(a)(v) above may differ from the Opinions of Counsel described in such
subsection so long as such Opinions of Counsel so delivered are acceptable to
each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee, which shall be conclusively
evidenced by the delivery on the Closing Date of each such Rating Agency's
rating letter and by the Indenture Trustee's authentication and delivery of
the Notes, respectively, and such acceptable opinions shall be deemed to be
Opinions of Counsel required pursuant to subsection (a)(v) above.
Section 2.09. Release of Collateral. (a) Subject to the provisions
---------------------
of Section 11.01 and the terms of the Basic Documents, the Indenture Trustee
shall release property from the lien of this Indenture only upon receipt of
an Issuer Request accompanied by an Officer's Certificate, an Opinion of
Counsel, certificates in accordance with TIA Sections 3.14(c) and (d)(1), and
Independent Certificates in accordance with TIA Sections 314(c) and 314(d)(1)
or an Opinion of Counsel in lieu of such Independent Certificates to the
effect that the TIA does not require any such Independent Certificates;
provided that no such Independent Certificates or Opinion of Counsel in lieu
of such Independent Certificates shall be necessary in respect of property
released from the lien of the Indenture in accordance with the provisions
hereof if such property consists solely of cash.
(b) The Issuer or the Servicer, on behalf of the Issuer, shall be
entitled to obtain a release from the lien of this Indenture for any Home
Loan and the related Mortgaged Property at any time (i) after a payment by
the Transferor or the Issuer of the Purchase Price of the Home Loan, (ii)
after a Qualified Substitute Home Loan is substituted for such Home Loan and
payment of the Substitution Adjustment, if any, (iii) after liquidation of
the Home Loan in accordance with Section 4.02 of the Sale and Servicing
Agreement and the deposit of all Liquidation Proceeds and Insurance Proceeds
thereon in the Collection Account, (iv) upon the payment in full of the Home
Loan or the sale or other disposition of the related Mortgaged Property, or
(v) as contemplated by Section 11.02(a) or (b) of the Sale and Servicing
Agreement. Any such release other than as contemplated by Section 11.02(a)
or (b) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement or pursuant to clause (iv) of the
preceding sentence shall be subject to the condition that the Issuer shall
have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Issuer Request (A) identifying the
Home Loan and the related Mortgaged Property to be released, (B) requesting
the release thereof, (C) setting forth the amount deposited in the Collection
Account with respect thereto, (D) certifying that the amount deposited in the
Collection Account (x) equals the Purchase Price of the applicable Home Loan,
in the case of a release pursuant to clause (i) above, (y) equals the
Substitution Adjustment related to the Qualified Substitute Home Loan and the
Deleted Home Loan released pursuant to clause (ii) above, or (z) equals the
entire amount of Insurance Proceeds and Liquidation Proceeds received with
respect to such Home Loan and the related Mortgaged Property in the case of a
release pursuant to clause (iii) above. Any such release pursuant to
clause (iv) of the second preceding sentence shall be subject to the
Servicer's compliance with the provisions of Section 7.02 of the Sale and
Servicing Agreement.
(c) The Indenture Trustee shall, if requested by the Servicer,
temporarily release or cause the Custodian to temporarily release to the
Servicer the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File pursuant to the provisions of
Section 7.02 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement upon compliance by the
Servicer of the provisions thereof provided that the Indenture Trustee's Home
Loan File shall have been stamped to signify the Issuer's pledge to the
Indenture Trustee under the Indenture.
Section 2.10. Book-Entry Notes. The Notes, upon original issuance,
----------------
will be issued in the form of typewritten Notes representing the Book-Entry
Notes, to be delivered to The Depository Trust Company, the initial Clearing
Agency, by, or on behalf of, the Issuer. The Book-Entry Notes shall be
registered initially on the Note Register in the name of Cede & Co., the
nominee of the initial Clearing Agency, and no Owner thereof will receive a
definitive Note representing such Note Owner's interest in such Note, except
as provided in Section 2.12. Unless and until definitive, fully registered
Notes (the "Definitive Notes") have been issued to such Note Owners pursuant
to Section 2.12:
(i) the provisions of this Section shall be in full force and
effect;
(ii) the Note Registrar and the Indenture Trustee shall be
entitled to deal with the Clearing Agency for all purposes of this
Indenture (including the payment of principal of and interest on the
Notes and the giving of instructions or directions hereunder) as the
sole holder of the Notes, and shall have no obligation to the Note
Owners;
(iii) to the extent that the provisions of this Section
conflict with any other provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of
this Section shall control;
(iv) the rights of Note Owners shall be exercised only through
the Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and
agreements between such Note Owners and the Clearing Agency and/or the
Clearing Agency Participants pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.
Unless and until Definitive Notes are issued pursuant to Section 2.12,
the initial Clearing Agency will make book-entry transfers among the
Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit payments of
principal of and interest on the Notes to such Clearing Agency
Participants; and
(v) whenever this Indenture requires or permits actions to be
taken based upon instructions or directions of Holders of Notes
evidencing a specified percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the
Notes, the Clearing Agency shall be deemed to represent such percentage
only to the extent that it has received instructions to such effect from
Note Owners and/or Clearing Agency Participants owning or representing,
respectively, such required percentage of the beneficial interest in the
Notes and has delivered such instructions to the Indenture Trustee.
Section 2.11. Notices to Clearing Agency. Whenever a notice or other
--------------------------
communication to the Noteholders is required under this Indenture, unless and
until Definitive Notes shall have been issued to such Note Owners pursuant to
Section 2.12, the Indenture Trustee shall give all such notices and
communications specified herein to be given to Holders of the Notes to the
Clearing Agency, and shall have no obligation to such Note Owners.
Section 2.12. Definitive Notes. If (i) the Issuer advises the
----------------
Indenture Trustee in writing that the Clearing Agency is no longer willing or
able to properly discharge its responsibilities with respect to the
Book-Entry Notes and the Administrator is unable to locate a qualified
successor, (ii) the Issuer at its option advises the Indenture Trustee in
writing that it elects to terminate the book-entry system through the
Clearing Agency or (iii) after the occurrence of an Event of Default, Owners
of the Book-Entry Notes representing beneficial interests aggregating at
least a majority of the Outstanding Amount of such Notes advise the Clearing
Agency in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through the
Clearing Agency is no longer in the best interests of such Note Owners, then
the Clearing Agency shall notify all Note Owners and the Indenture Trustee of
the occurrence of such event and of the availability of Definitive Notes to
Note Owners requesting the same. Upon surrender to the Indenture Trustee of
the typewritten Notes representing the Book-Entry Notes by the Clearing
Agency, accompanied by registration instructions, the Issuer shall execute
and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate the Definitive Notes in
accordance with the instructions of the Clearing Agency. None of the Issuer,
the Note Registrar or the Indenture Trustee shall be liable for any delay in
delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be
protected in relying on, such instructions. Upon the issuance of Definitive
Notes, the Indenture Trustee shall recognize the Holders of the Definitive
Notes as Noteholders.
Section 2.13. Tax. The Issuer has entered into this Indenture, and the
---
Notes will be issued, with the intention that, for federal, state and local
income, single business and franchise tax purposes, the Notes will qualify as
indebtedness of the Issuer secured by the Collateral. The Issuer, by
entering into this Indenture, and each Noteholder, by its acceptance of a
Note (and each Note Owner by its acceptance of an interest in the applicable
Book-Entry Note), agree to treat the Notes for federal, state and local
income, single business and franchise tax purposes as indebtedness of the
Issuer.
ARTICLE III
COVENANTS
Section 3.01. Payment of Principal and Interest. The Issuer will duly
---------------------------------
and punctually pay (or will cause to be duly and punctually paid) the
principal of and interest on the Notes in accordance with the terms of the
Notes and this Indenture. Without limiting the foregoing, unless the Notes
have been declared due and payable pursuant to Section 5.02 and moneys
collected by the Indenture Trustee are being applied in accordance with
Section 5.05(b), subject to and in accordance with Section 8.02(a), the
Issuer will cause to be distributed all amounts on deposit in the Note
Payment Account on a Payment Date deposited therein pursuant to the Sale and
Servicing Agreement for the benefit of the Notes of each Class, to the
Holders thereof. Amounts properly withheld under the Code by any Person from
a payment to any Noteholder of interest and/or principal shall be considered
as having been paid by the Issuer to such Noteholder for all purposes of this
Indenture
The Notes shall be non-recourse obligations of the Issuer and shall be
limited in right of payment to amounts available from the Collateral as
provided in this Indenture. The Issuer shall not otherwise be liable for
payments of the Notes, and none of the owners, agents, officers, directors,
employees, or successors or assigns of the Issuer shall be personally liable
for any amounts payable, or performance due, under the Notes or this
Indenture. If any other provision of this Indenture shall be deemed to
conflict with the provisions of this Section 3.01, the provisions of this
Section 3.01 shall control.
Section 3.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Issuer will or will
-------------------------------
cause the Administrator to maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of
New York, an office or agency where Notes may be surrendered for registration
of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to or upon the Issuer
in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Issuer hereby
initially appoints the Administrator to serve as its agent for the foregoing
purposes and to serve as Paying Agent with respect to the Notes. The Issuer
will give prompt written notice to the Indenture Trustee of the location, and
of any change in the location, of any such office or agency. If at any time
the Issuer shall fail to maintain any such office or agency or shall fail to
furnish the Indenture Trustee with the address thereof, such surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office, and
the Issuer hereby appoints the Indenture Trustee as its agent to receive all
such surrenders, notices and demands.
Section 3.03. Money for Payments To Be Held in Trust. All payments of
--------------------------------------
amounts due and payable with respect to any Notes that are to be made from
amounts withdrawn from the Collection Account and the Note Payment Account
pursuant to Section 8.02(a) shall be made on behalf of the Issuer by the
Indenture Trustee or by the Paying Agent, and no amounts withdrawn from the
Collection Account and deposited in the Note Payment Account for payment on
the Notes shall be paid over to the Issuer except as provided in this
Section.
Any Paying Agent shall be appointed by Issuer Order with written notice
thereof to the Indenture Trustee. Any Paying Agent appointed by the Issuer
shall be a Person who would be eligible to be Indenture Trustee hereunder as
provided in Section 6.11. The Issuer shall not appoint any Paying Agent
(other than the Indenture Trustee) which is not, at the time of such
appointment, a Depository Institution.
The Issuer will cause each Paying Agent other than the Administrator to
execute and deliver to the Indenture Trustee an instrument in which such
Paying Agent shall agree with the Indenture Trustee (and if the Indenture
Trustee acts as Paying Agent, it hereby so agrees), subject to the provisions
of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:
(i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of amounts due
with respect to the Notes in trust for the benefit of the Persons
entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or
otherwise disposed of as herein provided and pay such sums to such
Persons as herein provided;
(ii) give the Indenture Trustee notice of any default by the
Issuer (or any other obligor upon the Notes) of which it has actual
knowledge in the making of any payment required to be made with respect
to the Notes;
(iii) at any time during the continuance of any such default,
upon the written request of the Indenture Trustee, forthwith pay to the
Indenture Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent;
(iv) immediately resign as a Paying Agent and forthwith pay to
the Indenture Trustee all sums held by it in trust for the payment of
Notes if at any time it ceases to meet the standards required to be met
by a Paying Agent at the time of its appointment; and
(v) comply with all requirements of the Code with respect to
the withholding from any payments made by it on any Notes of any
applicable withholding taxes imposed thereon and with respect to any
applicable reporting requirements in connection therewith; provided,
however, that with respect to withholding and reporting requirements
applicable to original issue discount (if any) on the Notes, the Issuer
shall have first provided the calculations pertaining thereto to the
Indenture Trustee.
The Issuer may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, by
Issuer Order direct any Paying Agent to pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums
held in trust by such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Indenture
Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which the sums were held by such
Paying Agent; and upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Indenture
Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with
respect to such money.
Subject to applicable laws with respect to escheat of funds or abandoned
property, any money held by the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent in
trust for the payment of any amount due with respect to any Note and
remaining unclaimed for two years after such amount has become due and
payable shall be discharged from such trust and be paid to the Issuer on
Issuer Request; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter, as an unsecured
general creditor, look only to the Issuer for payment thereof (but only to
the extent of the amounts so paid to the Issuer), and all liability of the
Indenture Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money shall
thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee or such Paying
Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, shall at the expense
and direction of the Issuer cause to be published once, in a newspaper
published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day
and of general circulation in The City of New York, notice that such money
remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not
be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance
of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuer. The Indenture
Trustee shall also adopt and employ, at the expense and direction of the
Issuer, any other reasonable means of notification of such repayment
(including, but not limited to, mailing notice of such repayment to Holders
whose Notes have been called but have not been surrendered for redemption or
whose right to or interest in moneys due and payable but not claimed is
determinable from the records of the Indenture Trustee or of any Paying
Agent, at the last address of record for each such Holder).
Section 3.04. Existence. (a) The Issuer will keep in full effect its
---------
existence, rights and franchises as a business trust under the laws of the
State of Delaware (unless it becomes, or any successor Issuer hereunder is or
becomes, organized under the laws of any other State or of the United States
of America, in which case the Issuer will keep in full effect its existence,
rights and franchises under the laws of such other jurisdiction) and will
obtain and preserve its qualification to do business in each jurisdiction in
which such qualification is or shall be necessary to protect the validity and
enforceability of this Indenture, the Notes and the Collateral.
(b) Any successor to the Owner Trustee appointed pursuant to Section
10.02 of the Trust Agreement shall be the successor Owner Trustee under this
Indenture without the execution or filing of any paper, instrument or further
act to be done on the part of the parties hereto.
(c) Upon any consolidation or merger of or other succession to the
Owner Trustee, the Person succeeding to the Owner Trustee under the Trust
Agreement may exercise every right and power of the Owner Trustee under this
Indenture with the same effect as if such Person had been named as the Owner
Trustee herein.
Section 3.05. Protection of Collateral. The Issuer will, from time to
------------------------
time and upon direction of the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders,
execute and deliver all such supplements and amendments hereto and all such
financing statements, continuation statements, instruments of further
assurance and other instruments, and will take such other action necessary or
advisable to:
(i) provide further assurance with respect to the Grant of
all or any portion of the Collateral;
(ii) maintain or preserve the lien and security interest (and
the priority thereof) of this Indenture or carry out more effectively
the purposes hereof;
(iii) perfect, publish notice of or protect the validity of any
Grant made or to be made by this Indenture;
(iv) enforce any rights with respect to the Collateral; or
(v) preserve and defend title to the Collateral and the
rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders in such Collateral
against the claims of all persons and parties.The Issuer hereby
designates the Administrator its agent and attorney-in-fact to execute
any financing statement, continuation statement or other instrument
required to be executed pursuant to this Section 3.05.
Section 3.06. Annual Opinions as to Collateral. On or before February
--------------------------------
15 in each calendar year, beginning in 1999, the Issuer shall furnish to the
Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel either stating that, in the opinion
of such counsel, such action has been taken with respect to the recording,
filing, re-recording and refiling of this Indenture, any indentures
supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents and with respect to the
execution and filing of any financing statements and continuation statements
as is necessary to maintain the lien and security interest created by this
Indenture and reciting the details of such action or stating that in the
opinion of such counsel no such action is necessary to maintain such lien and
security interest. Such Opinion of Counsel shall also describe the
recording, filing, re-recording and refiling of this Indenture, any
indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents and the
execution and filing of any financing statements and continuation statements
that will, in the opinion of such counsel, be required to maintain the lien
and security interest of this Indenture until February 15th of the following
calendar year.
Section 3.07. Performance of Obligations; Servicing of Home Loans. (a)
---------------------------------------------------
The Issuer will not take any action and will use its best efforts not to
permit any action to be taken by others that would release any Person from
any of such Person's material covenants or obligations under any instrument
or agreement included in the Collateral or that would result in the
amendment, hypothecation, subordination, termination or discharge of, or
impair the validity or effectiveness of, any such instrument or agreement,
except as expressly provided in this Indenture, the Sale and Servicing
Agreement or such other instrument or agreement.
(b) The Issuer may contract with or otherwise obtain the assistance of
other Persons (including, without limitation, the Administrator under the
Administration Agreement) to assist it in performing its duties under this
Indenture, and any performance of such duties by a Person identified to the
Indenture Trustee in an Officer's Certificate of the Issuer shall be deemed
to be action taken by the Issuer. Initially, the Issuer has contracted with
the Servicer and the Administrator to assist the Issuer in performing its
duties under this Indenture. The Administrator must at all times be the same
Person as the Indenture Trustee.
(c) The Issuer will punctually perform and observe all of its
obligations and agreements contained in this Indenture, the Basic Documents
and in the instruments and agreements included in the Collateral, including
but not limited to (i) filing or causing to be filed all UCC financing
statements and continuation statements required to be filed by the terms of
this Indenture and the Sale and Servicing Agreement and (ii) recording or
causing to be recorded all Mortgages, Assignments of Mortgage, all
intervening Assignments of Mortgage and all assumption and modification
agreements to the extent such documents are required to be recorded by the
terms of the Sale and Servicing Agreement, in each case in accordance with
and within the time periods provided for in this Indenture and/or the Sale
and Servicing Agreement, as applicable. Except as otherwise expressly
provided therein, the Issuer shall not waive, amend, modify, supplement or
terminate any Basic Document or any provision thereof without the consent of
the Indenture Trustee and the Holders of at least a majority of the
Outstanding Amount of the Notes.
(d) If the Servicer is terminated or resigns in accordance with the
Sale and Servicing Agreement, a successor Servicer shall be appointed as
provided in Section 10.02 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
(e) Without derogating from the absolute nature of the assignment
granted to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture or the rights of the
Indenture Trustee hereunder, the Issuer agrees that it will not, without the
prior written consent of the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders
(i) amend, modify, waive, supplement, terminate or surrender, or agree to any
amendment, modification, supplement, termination, waiver or surrender of, the
terms of any Collateral (except to the extent otherwise provided in the Sale
and Servicing Agreement) or (ii) waive timely performance or observance by
the Servicer or the Seller under the Sale and Servicing Agreement. If any
such amendment, modification, supplement or waiver shall be so consented to
by such Holders, the Issuer agrees, promptly following a request by the
Indenture Trustee, to execute and deliver, in its own name and at its own
expense, such agreements, instruments, consents and other documents as the
Indenture Trustee may deem necessary or appropriate in the circumstances.
Section 3.08. Negative Covenants. So long as any Notes are
------------------
Outstanding, the Issuer shall not:
(a) except as expressly permitted by this Indenture, the Loan Sale
Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, sell, transfer, exchange or
otherwise dispose of any of the properties or assets of the Issuer, including
those included in the Collateral, unless directed to do so by the Indenture
Trustee;
(b) claim any credit on, or make any deduction from the principal or
interest payable in respect of, the Notes (other than amounts properly
withheld from such payments under the Code) or assert any claim against any
present or former Noteholder by reason of the payment of the taxes levied or
assessed upon any part of the Collateral;
(c) engage in any business or activity other than as permitted by the
Trust Agreement or other than in connection with, or relating to, the
issuance of Notes pursuant to this Indenture, or amend the Trust Agreement as
in effect on the Closing Date other than in accordance with Section 11.01
thereof;
(d) issue debt obligations under any other indenture;
(e) incur or assume any indebtedness or guaranty any indebtedness of
any Person, except for such indebtedness as may be incurred by the Issuer in
connection with the issuance of the Notes pursuant to this Indenture;
(f) dissolve or liquidate in whole or in part or merge or consolidate
with any other Person;
(g) (A) permit the validity or effectiveness of this Indenture to be
impaired, or permit the lien of this Indenture to be amended, hypothecated,
subordinated, terminated or discharged, or permit any Person to be released
from any covenants or obligations with respect to the Notes under this
Indenture except as may be expressly permitted hereby, (B) permit any lien,
charge, excise, claim, security interest, mortgage or other encumbrance
(other than the lien of this Indenture) to be created on or extend to or
otherwise arise upon or burden the Collateral or any part thereof or any
interest therein or the proceeds thereof (other than tax liens, mechanics'
liens and other liens that arise by operation of law, in each case on any of
the Mortgaged Properties and arising solely as a result of an action or
omission of the related Obligor) or (C) permit the lien of this Indenture not
to constitute a valid first priority (other than with respect to any such
tax, mechanics' or other lien) security interest in the Collateral;
(h) remove the Administrator without cause unless the Rating Agency
Condition shall have been satisfied in connection with such removal; or
(i) take any other action or fail to take any action which may cause
the Issuer to be taxable as (a) an association pursuant to Section 7701 of
the Code and the corresponding regulations or (b) as a taxable mortgage pool
pursuant to Section 7701(i) of the Code and the corresponding regulations.
Section 3.09. Annual Statement as to Compliance. The Issuer will
---------------------------------
deliver to the Indenture Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each
fiscal year of the Issuer (commencing with the fiscal year 1998), an
Officer's Certificate stating, as to the Authorized Officer signing such
Officer's Certificate, that:
(i) a review of the activities of the Issuer during such year
and of its performance under this Indenture has been made under such
Authorized Officer's supervision; and
(ii) to the best of such Authorized Officer's knowledge, based
on such review, the Issuer has complied with all conditions and
covenants under this Indenture throughout such year, or, if there has
been a default in its compliance with any such condition or covenant,
specifying each such default known to such Authorized Officer and the
nature and status thereof.
Section 3.10. Covenants of the Issuer. All covenants of the Issuer in
-----------------------
this Indenture are covenants of the Issuer and are not covenants of the Owner
Trustee. The Owner Trustee is, and any successor Owner Trustee under the
Trust Agreement will be, entering into this Indenture solely as Owner Trustee
under the Trust Agreement and not in its respective individual capacity, and
in no case whatsoever shall the Owner Trustee or any such successor Owner
Trustee be personally liable on, or for any loss in respect of, any of the
statements, representations, warranties or obligations of the Issuer
hereunder, as to all of which the parties hereto agree to look solely to the
property of the Issuer.
Section 3.11. Servicer's Obligations. The Issuer shall cause the
----------------------
Servicer to comply with Sections 5.01, 6.01, 7.07 and Article IX of the Sale
and Servicing Agreement.
Section 3.12. Restricted Payments. The Issuer shall not, directly or
-------------------
indirectly, (i) pay any dividend or make any distribution (by reduction of
capital or otherwise), whether in cash, property, securities or a combination
thereof, to the Owner Trustee or any owner of a beneficial interest in the
Issuer or otherwise with respect to any ownership or equity interest or
security in or of the Issuer or to the Servicer, (ii) redeem, purchase,
retire or otherwise acquire for value any such ownership or equity interest
or security or (iii) set aside or otherwise segregate any amounts for any
such purpose; provided, however, that the Issuer may make, or cause to be
made, (x) distributions to the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner
Trustee and the Securityholders as contemplated by, and to the extent funds
are available for such purpose under, the Sale and Servicing Agreement or the
Trust Agreement and (y) payments to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to the
Administration Agreement. The Issuer will not, directly or indirectly, make
or cause to be made payments to or distributions from the Collection Account
except in accordance with this Indenture and the Basic Documents.
Section 3.13. Treatment of Notes as Debt for Tax Purposes. The Issuer
-------------------------------------------
shall, and shall cause the Administrator to, treat the Notes as indebtedness
for all federal and state tax purposes.
Section 3.14. Notice of Events of Default. The Issuer shall give the
---------------------------
Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies prompt written notice of each Event
of Default hereunder, each default on the part of the Servicer or the Seller
of its obligations under the Sale and Servicing Agreement and each default on
the part of the Transferor or the Seller of its obligations under the Loan
Sale Agreement.
Section 3.15. Further Instruments and Acts. Upon request of the
----------------------------
Indenture Trustee, the Issuer will execute and deliver such further
instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper
to carry out more effectively the purpose of this Indenture.
ARTICLE IV
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
Section 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. When either (I)
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the Sale and Servicing Agreement has been terminated pursuant to
Section 11.01(a) thereof or (II) all of the following have occurred:
(a) either
(1) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other
than (i) Notes that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that
have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.04 and (ii)
Notes for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in
trust or segregated and held in trust by the Issuer and thereafter
repaid to the Issuer or discharged from such trust, as provided in
Section 3.03) have been delivered to the Indenture Trustee for
cancellation; or
(2) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Indenture
Trustee for cancellation
(A) have become due and payable,
(B) will become due and payable within one year at the
Maturity Date, or
(C) are to be called for redemption within one year
under arrangements satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee for
the giving of notice of redemption by the Indenture Trustee in
the name, and at the expense, of the Issuer, and the Issuer
has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably
deposited with the Indenture Trustee cash or direct
obligations of or obligations guaranteed by the United States
of America (which will mature prior to the date such amounts
are payable), in trust for such purpose, in an amount
sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on
such Notes (including Deferred Amounts to the extent required
to be paid hereunder) to the applicable Maturity Date of such
Class of Notes or Termination Date (if Notes shall have been
called for redemption pursuant to Section 10.01), as the case
may be;
(b) the later of (i) eighteen months after payment in full of all
outstanding obligations under the Securities, (ii) the payment in full of all
unpaid Trust Fees and Expenses and (iii) the date on which the Issuer has
paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Issuer; and
(c) the Issuer has delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer's
Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel and (if required by the TIA or the
Indenture Trustee) an Independent Certificate from a firm of certified public
accountants, each meeting the applicable requirements of Section 11.01(a)
and, subject to Section 11.02, each stating that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture with respect to the Notes have been complied with, then, upon Issuer
Request, this Indenture and the lien, rights, and interests created hereby
shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Notes (except as
to (i) rights of registration of transfer and exchange, (ii) substitution
of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes, (iii) rights of Noteholders
to receive payments of principal thereof and interest thereon, (iv)
Sections 3.03, 3.04, 3.05, 3.08 and 3.10 hereof, (v) the rights,
obligations and immunities of the Indenture Trustee hereunder (including the
rights of the Indenture Trustee under Section 6.07 and the obligations of the
Indenture Trustee under Section 4.02) and (vi) the rights of Noteholders as
beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property so deposited with the
Indenture Trustee payable to all or any of them), and the Indenture Trustee,
on demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute and deliver
proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture
with respect to the Notes, and shall pay, or assign or transfer and deliver,
to or at the direction of the Issuer, all Collateral held by it as part of
the Trust Estate after satisfaction of the conditions specified in clauses
(b) and (c) above.
Section 4.02. Application of Trust Money. All moneys deposited with
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the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Sections 3.03 and 4.01 hereof shall be
held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the
Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any
Paying Agent, as the Indenture Trustee may determine, to the Holders of the
particular Notes for the payment or redemption of which such moneys have been
deposited with the Indenture Trustee, of all sums due and to become due
thereon for principal and interest; but such moneys need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required herein or in the Sale and
Servicing Agreement or required by law.
Section 4.03. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent. In connection
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with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the
Notes, all moneys then held by any Paying Agent other than the Indenture
Trustee under the provisions of this Indenture with respect to such Notes
shall, upon demand of the Issuer, be paid to the Indenture Trustee to be held
and applied according to Section 3.03 and thereupon such Paying Agent shall
be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys.
ARTICLE V
REMEDIES
Section 5.01. Events of Default. (a) "Event of Default," wherever
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used herein, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for
such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be
effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of
any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or
governmental body):
(i) subject to Section 5.01(b) and notwithstanding that there
may be insufficient sums in the Collection Account for payment thereof,
default for a period in excess of five days in the payment of any
interest on any Note when the same becomes due and payable or default in
the payment of the entire Principal Balance (including any Deferred
Amount to the extent required to be paid hereunder) of any Note on the
Maturity Date; or
(ii) the existence of an unpaid Deferred Amount in respect of
any Highest Priority Class Notes; or
(iii) default in the observance or performance of any covenant
or agreement of the Issuer made in this Indenture (other than a covenant
or agreement, a default in the observance or performance of which is
elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with), or any
representation or warranty of the Issuer made in this Indenture, the
Sale and Servicing Agreement or in any certificate or other writing
delivered pursuant hereto or in connection herewith proving to have been
incorrect in any material respect as of the time when the same shall
have been made, and such default shall continue or not be cured, or the
circumstance or condition in respect of which such misrepresentation or
warranty was incorrect shall not have been eliminated or otherwise
cured, for a period of 30 days after there shall have been given, by
registered or certified mail, to the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or
to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee by the Holders of at least 25%
of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes, a written notice specifying such
default or incorrect representation or warranty and requiring it to be
remedied and stating that such notice is a notice of Default hereunder;
or
(iv) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court
having jurisdiction in the premises in respect of the Issuer or any
substantial part of the Collateral in an involuntary case under any
applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law
now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator,
assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the
Issuer or for any substantial part of the Collateral, or ordering the
winding-up or liquidation of the Issuer's affairs, and such decree or
order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive
days; or
(v) the commencement by the Issuer of a voluntary case under
any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar
law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by the Issuer to the
entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law,
or the consent by the Issuer to the appointment or taking possession by
a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or
similar official of the Issuer or for any substantial part of the
Collateral, or the making by the Issuer of any general assignment for
the benefit of creditors, or the failure by the Issuer generally to pay
its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of any action by the
Issuer in furtherance of any of the foregoing.
The Issuer shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee, within five days
after the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officer's
Certificate of any event which with the giving of notice and the lapse
of time would become an Event of Default under clauses (iii) and (iv)
above, its status and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to
take with respect thereto.
(b) Neither (i) the failure to pay the full amount of interest payable
pursuant to Section 8.02(a)(iii) to the Holders of any Non-Priority Class,
nor (ii) an application of Allocable Loss Amounts pursuant to Section 5.07 of
the Sale and Servicing Agreement to a Non-Priority Class, shall constitute an
Event of Default under Section 5.01(a).
Section 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If
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an Event of Default should occur and be continuing, then and in every such
case the Indenture Trustee may, and at the direction or upon the prior
written consent of the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders shall
declare all the Notes to be immediately due and payable, by a notice in
writing to the Issuer, and upon any such declaration the unpaid principal
amount of such Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon
through the date of acceleration, shall become immediately due and payable.
At any time after such declaration of acceleration of maturity has been
made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been
obtained by the Indenture Trustee as hereinafter in this Article V provided,
the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders, by written notice to the
Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and
its consequences if the Issuer has paid or deposited with the Indenture
Trustee a sum sufficient to pay:
(a) all payments of principal of and interest on all Highest Priority
Class Notes and all other amounts that would then be due hereunder or upon
such Highest Priority Class Notes if the Event of Default giving rise to such
acceleration had not occurred; and
(b) all sums paid or advanced by the Indenture Trustee hereunder and
the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel; and
(c) all Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal
of the Notes that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured
or waived as provided in Section 5.12.
No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any
right consequent thereto.
Section 5.03. Non-Priority Classes. The Holders of Notes of a Non
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Priority Class shall have no right to exercise any remedies of Noteholders'
under this Article V, except to the extent otherwise expressly provided
herein.
Section 5.04. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
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Indenture Trustee. (a) The Issuer covenants that if default is made in the
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payment of any interest on any Highest Priority Class Note when the same
becomes due and payable, and such default continues for a period of five
days, the Issuer will, upon demand of the Indenture Trustee or, at the
direction of the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders, pay to the
Indenture Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, the whole
amount then due and payable on such Notes for interest and in addition
thereto such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and
expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee and its agents and
counsel.
(b) In case the Issuer shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon
such demand, the Indenture Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an
express trust may, and shall, at the direction of the Majority Highest
Priority Class Noteholders, institute a Proceeding for the collection of the
sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such Proceeding to judgment or
final decree, and may enforce the same against the Issuer or other obligor
upon such Notes and collect in the manner provided by law out of the property
of the Issuer or other obligor upon such Notes, wherever situated, the moneys
adjudged or decreed to be payable.
(c) If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Indenture
Trustee may, and shall, at the direction of the Majority Highest Priority
Class Noteholders, as more particularly provided in Section 5.05, in its
discretion, proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the
Noteholders, by such appropriate Proceedings as the Indenture Trustee shall
deem most effective to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the
specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid
of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper
remedy or legal or equitable right vested in the Indenture Trustee by this
Indenture or by law.
(d) In case there shall be pending, relative to the Issuer or any other
obligor upon the Notes or any Person having or claiming an ownership interest
in the Collateral, Proceedings under Title 11 of the United States Code or
any other applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar
law, or in case a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or
reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been
appointed for or taken possession of the Issuer or its property or such other
obligor or Person, or in case of any other comparable judicial Proceedings
relative to the Issuer or other obligor upon the Notes, or to the creditors
or property of the Issuer or such other obligor, the Indenture Trustee,
irrespective of whether the principal of any Notes shall then be due and
payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective
of whether the Indenture Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the
provisions of this Section, shall be entitled and empowered, upon the
direction of the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders, by intervention
in such Proceedings or otherwise:
(i) to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount
of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Notes and
to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable
in order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee (including any
claim for reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee, each
predecessor Indenture Trustee, and their respective agents, attorneys
and counsel, and for reimbursement of all expenses and liabilities
incurred, and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each
predecessor Indenture Trustee (except as a result of negligence or bad
faith)), and of the Noteholders allowed in such Proceedings;
(ii) unless prohibited by applicable law and regulations, to
vote on behalf of the Holders of Notes in any election of a trustee, a
standby trustee or Person performing similar functions in any such
Proceedings;
(iii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property
payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute all amounts
received with respect to the claims of the Noteholders and the Indenture
Trustee on their behalf; and
(iv) to file such proofs of claim and other papers or
documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims
of the Indenture Trustee or the Holders of Notes allowed in any judicial
proceedings relative to the Issuer, its creditors and its property; and
any trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official
in any such Proceeding is hereby authorized by each of such Noteholders
to make payments to the Indenture Trustee and, in the event that the
Indenture Trustee shall consent to the making of payments directly to
such Noteholders, to pay to the Indenture Trustee such amounts as shall
be sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee,
each predecessor Indenture Trustee and their respective agents,
attorneys and counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred,
and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor
Indenture Trustee except as a result of negligence or bad faith.
(v) Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the
Indenture Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or
adopt on behalf of any Noteholder any plan of reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights
of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Indenture Trustee to vote in
respect of the claim of any Noteholder in any such proceeding except, as
aforesaid, to vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or
similar Person.
(vi) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this
Indenture, or under any of the Notes, may be enforced by the Indenture
Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes or the production
thereof in any trial or other Proceedings relative thereto, and any such
action or Proceedings instituted by the Indenture Trustee shall be
brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery
of judgment, subject to the payment of the expenses, disbursements and
compensation of the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor Indenture
Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys, shall be for the
ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes.
(vii) In any Proceedings brought by the Indenture Trustee (and
also any Proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of
this Indenture to which the Indenture Trustee shall be a party), the
Indenture Trustee shall be held to represent all the Noteholders, and it
shall not be necessary to make any Noteholder a party to any such
Proceedings.
Section 5.05. Remedies; Priorities. (a) If an Event of Default shall
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have occurred and be continuing the Indenture Trustee may, and at the
direction of the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders shall, do one or
more of the following (subject to Section 5.06):
(i) institute Proceedings in its own name and as trustee of
an express trust for the collection of all amounts then payable on the
Notes or under this Indenture with respect thereto, whether by
declaration or otherwise, enforce any judgment obtained, and collect
from the Issuer and any other obligor upon such Notes moneys adjudged
due;
(ii) institute Proceedings from time to time for the complete
or partial foreclosure of this Indenture with respect to the Collateral;
(iii) exercise any remedies of a secured party under the UCC
and take any other appropriate action to protect and enforce the rights
and remedies of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders; and
(iv) sell the Collateral or any portion thereof or rights or
interest therein in a commercially reasonable manner, at one or more
public or private sales called and conducted in any manner permitted by
law; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee may not sell or
otherwise liquidate the Collateral following an Event of Default, unless
(A) the Holders of 100% of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes consent
thereto, (B) the proceeds of such sale or liquidation distributable to
the Noteholders are sufficient to discharge in full all amounts then due
and unpaid upon such Notes for principal (including any Deferred
Amounts) and interest or (C) the Indenture Trustee determines that the
Collateral will not continue to provide sufficient funds for the payment
of principal of (including any Deferred Amounts) and interest on the
Notes as they would have become due if the Notes had not been declared
due and payable, and the Indenture Trustee obtains the consent of
Holders of 66-2/3% of the Outstanding Amount of the Highest Priority
Class Notes. In determining such sufficiency or insufficiency with
respect to clause (B) and (C), the Indenture Trustee may, but need not,
obtain and rely upon an opinion of an Independent investment banking or
accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of such
proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Collateral for such
purpose.
(b) If the Indenture Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to
this Article V, it shall pay out the money or property in the following
order:
first: to the Indenture Trustee for any costs or expenses incurred
by it in connection with the enforcement of the remedies provided for in
this Article V;
second: to the Servicer for the Servicing Fee then due and unpaid;
third: to the Noteholders for amounts due and unpaid on the Notes
for interest (including any premium), pro rata, according to the amounts
due and payable on the Notes for interest (including any premium);
fourth: to Noteholders for amounts due and unpaid on the Notes in
respect of principal, pro rata, according to the Class Principal
Balances thereof, until the Outstanding Amount of each Class of Notes is
reduced to zero;
fifth: to Holders of the Class M-1 Notes and Class M-2 Notes, pro
rata based on the amount of their respective Deferred Amounts, such
Deferred Amounts if any, until such Deferred Amounts are paid in full;
sixth: to the Owner Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee, as applicable,
for amounts required to be distributed to the Residual Interest
Certificate in respect of the A IO, B-1 and B-2 Components;
seventh: to the Servicer for any amounts then due and payable as
the Servicing Advance Reimbursement Amount under the Sale and Servicing
Agreement; and
eighth: to the Owner Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee, as applicable,
for any amounts to be distributed to the Residual Interest Certificate
in respect of the Excess Component.
The Indenture Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any
payment to be made to the Noteholders pursuant to this Section. At least 15
days before such record date, the Indenture Trustee shall mail to each
Noteholder and the Issuer a notice that states the record date, the payment
date and the amount to be paid.
Section 5.06. Optional Preservation of the Collateral. If the Notes
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have been declared to be due and payable under Section 5.02 following an
Event of Default and such declaration and its consequences have not been
rescinded and annulled, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, elect to
maintain possession of the Collateral. It is the desire of the parties
hereto and the Noteholders that there be at all times sufficient funds for
the payment of interest and, ultimately, principal on and any Deferred
Amounts with respect to the Notes, and the Indenture Trustee shall take such
desire into account when determining whether or not to maintain possession of
the Collateral. In determining whether to maintain possession of the
Collateral, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and rely upon an
opinion of an Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national
reputation as to the feasibility of such proposed action and as to the
sufficiency of the Collateral for such purpose.
Section 5.07. Limitation of Suits. No Holder of any Note shall have
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any right to institute any Proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to
this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any
other remedy hereunder, unless:
(a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Indenture
Trustee of a continuing Event of Default;
(b) the Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders have made written
request to the Indenture Trustee to institute such Proceeding in respect of
such Event of Default in its own name as Indenture Trustee hereunder;
(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Indenture Trustee
reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be
incurred in complying with such request;
(d) the Indenture Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute such Proceedings; and
(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given
to the Indenture Trustee during such 60-day period by the Majority Highest
Priority Class Noteholders.
It is understood and intended that no one or more Holders of Notes shall
have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any
other Holders of Notes or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or
preference over any other Holders or to enforce any right under this
Indenture, except in the manner herein provided.
In the event the Indenture Trustee shall receive conflicting or
inconsistent requests and indemnity from two or more groups of Holders of
Notes, each representing less than the Majority Highest Priority Class
Noteholders, the Indenture Trustee in its sole discretion may determine what
action, if any, shall be taken, notwithstanding any other provisions of this
Indenture.
Section 5.08. Unconditional Rights of Noteholders To Receive Principal
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and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Indenture, the
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Holder of any Note shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional,
to receive payment of the principal of and interest on, if any, and Deferred
Amounts, if any, on such Note on or after the Maturity Date (or, in the case
of redemption, on or after the Termination Date) and to institute suit for
the enforcement of any such payment, and such right shall not be impaired
without the consent of such Holder.
Section 5.09. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Indenture
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Trustee or any Noteholder has instituted any Proceeding to enforce any right
or remedy under this Indenture and such Proceeding has been discontinued or
abandoned for any reason or has been determined adversely to the Indenture
Trustee or to such Noteholder, then and in every such case the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall, subject to any determination in
such Proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former
positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Indenture
Trustee and the Noteholders shall continue as though no such Proceeding had
been instituted.
Section 5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. No right or remedy
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herein conferred upon or reserved to the Indenture Trustee or to the
Noteholders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and
every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative
and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or
hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or
employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent
the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or
remedy.
Section 5.11. Delay or Omission Not a Waiver. No delay or omission of
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the Indenture Trustee or any Holder of any Note to exercise any right or
remedy accruing upon any Default or Event of Default shall impair any such
right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Default or Event of
Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this
Article V or by law to the Indenture Trustee or to the Noteholders may be
exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the
Indenture Trustee or by the Noteholders, as the case may be.
Section 5.12. Control by Noteholders. The Majority Highest Priority
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Class Noteholders shall have the right to direct the time, method and place
of conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Indenture
Trustee with respect to the Notes or exercising any trust or power conferred
on the Indenture Trustee; provided that:
(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or
with this Indenture;
(b) subject to the express terms of Section 5.05, any direction to the
Indenture Trustee to sell or liquidate the Collateral shall be by Holders of
Notes representing not less than 100% of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes;
(c) if the conditions set forth in Section 5.06 have been satisfied and
the Indenture Trustee elects to retain the Collateral pursuant to such
Section, then any direction to the Indenture Trustee by Holders of Notes
representing less than 100% of the Outstanding Amount of the Highest Priority
Class Notes to sell or liquidate the Collateral shall be of no force and
effect; and
(d) the Indenture Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by
the Indenture Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction.
Notwithstanding the rights of the Noteholders set forth in this Section,
subject to Section 6.01, the Indenture Trustee need not take any action that
it determines might involve it in liability or might materially adversely
affect the rights of any Noteholders not consenting to such action.
Section 5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults. Prior to the declaration of the
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acceleration of the maturity of the Notes as provided in Section 5.02, the
Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders may waive any past Default or
Event of Default and its consequences except a Default (a) in the payment of
interest on any of the Notes or (b) in respect of a covenant or provision
hereof that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder
of each Note, as applicable. In the case of any such waiver, the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee and the Holders of the Notes shall be restored to their
former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall
extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent
thereto.
Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist and be deemed to
have been cured and not to have occurred, and any Event of Default arising
therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, for
every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right
consequent thereto.
Section 5.14. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture
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agree, and each Holder of any Note by such Holder's acceptance thereof shall
be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in
any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or
in any suit against the Indenture Trustee for any action taken, suffered or
omitted by it as Indenture Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such
suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may
in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys'
fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the
merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant;
but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to (a) any suit instituted
by the Indenture Trustee, (b) any suit instituted by any Noteholder, or group
of Noteholders, in each case holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the
Outstanding Amount of the Notes or (c) any suit instituted by any Noteholder
for the enforcement of the payment of principal of or interest on any Note on
or after the respective due dates expressed in such Note and in this
Indenture (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Termination Date).
Section 5.15. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Issuer covenants
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(to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time
insist upon, or plead or in any manner whatsoever, claim or take the benefit
or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any
time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of
this Indenture; and the Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do so)
hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and
covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power
herein granted to the Indenture Trustee, but will suffer and permit the
execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
Section 5.16. Action on Notes. The Indenture Trustee's right to seek
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and recover judgment on the Notes or under this Indenture shall not be
affected by the seeking, obtaining or application of any other relief under
or with respect to this Indenture. Neither the lien of this Indenture nor
any rights or remedies of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders shall be
impaired by the recovery of any judgment by the Indenture Trustee against the
Issuer or by the levy of any execution under such judgment upon any portion
of the Collateral or upon any of the assets of the Issuer. Any money or
property collected by the Indenture Trustee shall be applied in accordance
with Section 5.05(b).
Section 5.17. Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations. (a)
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Promptly following a request from the Indenture Trustee to do so and at the
Issuer's expense, the Issuer shall take all such lawful action as the
Indenture Trustee may request to compel or secure the performance and
observance by the Seller and the Servicer, as applicable, of each of their
obligations to the Issuer under or in connection with the Sale and Servicing
Agreement or by the Seller of its obligations under or in connection with the
Loan Sale Agreement, and to exercise any and all rights, remedies, powers and
privileges lawfully available to the Issuer under or in connection with the
Sale and Servicing Agreement to the extent and in the manner directed by the
Indenture Trustee, including the transmission of notices of default on the
part of the Seller or the Servicer thereunder and the institution of legal or
administrative actions or proceedings to compel or secure performance by the
Seller or the Servicer of each of their obligations under the Sale and
Servicing Agreement.
(b) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the
Indenture Trustee may, and at the direction (which direction shall be in
writing or by telephone, confirmed in writing promptly thereafter) of the
Majority Highest Priority Class Noteholders shall, exercise all rights,
remedies, powers, privileges and claims of the Issuer against the Seller or
the Servicer under or in connection with the Sale and Servicing Agreement, or
against the Seller under or in connection with the Loan Sale Agreement,
including the right or power to take any action to compel or secure
performance or observance by the Seller or the Servicer, as the case may be,
of each of their obligations to the Issuer thereunder and to give any
consent, request, notice, direction, approval, extension, or waiver under the
Sale and Servicing Agreement or the Loan Sale Agreement, as the case may be,
and any right of the Issuer to take such action shall be suspended.
ARTICLE VI
THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE
Section 6.01. Duties of Indenture Trustee. (a) If an Event of Default
---------------------------
has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee shall exercise the
rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of
care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use
under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs.
(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
(i) the Indenture Trustee undertakes to perform such duties
and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and
no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture
against the Indenture Trustee; and
(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Indenture
Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or
opinions furnished to the Indenture Trustee and conforming to the
requirements of this Indenture; however, the Indenture Trustee shall
examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they
conform to the requirements of this Indenture.
(c) The Indenture Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its
own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful
misconduct, except that:
(i) this paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b)
of this Section;
(ii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any error
of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is
proved that the Indenture Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the
pertinent facts;
(iii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable with respect to
any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a
direction received by it pursuant to Section 5.12;
(iv) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates
to the Indenture Trustee is subject to this Section;
(v) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for interest on
any money received by it except as the Indenture Trustee may agree in
writing with the Issuer;
(vi) Money held in trust by the Indenture Trustee shall be
segregated from other funds except to the extent permitted by law or the
terms of this Indenture or the Sale and Servicing Agreement;
(vii) No provision of this Indenture shall require the
Indenture Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur
financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or
in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have
reasonable grounds to believe that repayment of such funds or adequate
indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to
it; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee shall not refuse or
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fail to perform any of its duties hereunder solely as a result of
nonpayment of its normal fees and expenses and further provided that
nothing in this Section 6.01(c)(vii) shall be construed to limit the
exercise by the Indenture Trustee of any right or remedy permitted
under this Indenture or otherwise in the event of the Issuer's failure
to pay the Indenture Trustee's fees and expenses pursuant to Section
6.07. In determining that such repayment or indemnity is not
reasonably assured to it, the Indenture Trustee must consider not only
the likelihood of repayment or indemnity by or on behalf of the
Issuer but also the likelihood of repayment or indemnity from
amounts payable to it from the Collateral pursuant to Section 6.07; and
(viii) Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct
or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Indenture
Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section and to the
provisions of the TIA.
Section 6.02. Rights of Indenture Trustee. (a) The Indenture Trustee
---------------------------
may rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been
signed or presented by the proper person. The Indenture Trustee need not
investigate any fact or matter stated in any such document.
(b) Before the Indenture Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may
require an Officer's Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel. The Indenture
Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good
faith in reliance on an Officer's Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel.
(c) The Indenture Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers
hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through
agents or attorneys or a custodian or nominee.
(d) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for (i) any action it
takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or
within its rights or powers; provided, however, that such action or omission
by the Indenture Trustee does not constitute willful misconduct, negligence
or bad faith; or (ii) any willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part
of the Custodian.
(e) The Indenture Trustee may consult with counsel, and the advice or
opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture
and the Notes shall be full and complete authorization and protection from
liability with respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it
hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such
counsel.
Section 6.03. Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee. The Indenture
--------------------------------------
Trustee in its individual or any other capacity other than as Indenture
Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee may, and in its capacity as Indenture Trustee or
Co-Owner Trustee may not, become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may
otherwise deal with the Issuer or its Affiliates with the same rights it
would have if it were not Indenture Trustee. Any Paying Agent, Note
Registrar, co-registrar or co-paying agent may do the same with like rights.
However, the Indenture Trustee must comply with Section 6.11.
Section 6.04. Indenture Trustee's Disclaimer. The Indenture Trustee
------------------------------
shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity
or adequacy of this Indenture or the Notes or the Issuer's use of the
proceeds from the Notes, or responsible for any statement of the Issuer in
the Indenture or in any document issued in connection with the sale of the
Notes or in the Notes other than the Indenture Trustee's certificate of
authentication.
Section 6.05. Notice of Default. If a Default occurs and is continuing
-----------------
and if it is known to a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee, the
Indenture Trustee shall mail to each Noteholder notice of the Default within
90 days after it occurs. Except in the case of a Default in payment of
principal of or interest on any Note (including payments pursuant to the
mandatory redemption provisions of such Note), the Indenture Trustee may
withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers
in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of
Noteholders.
Section 6.06. Reports by Indenture Trustee to Holders. The Indenture
---------------------------------------
Trustee shall deliver to each Noteholder such information as may be required
to enable such holder to prepare its federal and State income tax returns.
Section 6.07. Compensation and Indemnity. As compensation for its
--------------------------
services hereunder, the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to receive, on
each Payment Date, the Indenture Trustee's Fee, payable by the Servicer
(which compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a
trustee of an express trust), and shall be entitled to reimbursement from the
Servicer for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred or made by it,
including costs of collection, in addition to the compensation for its
services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and
expenses, disbursements and advances, if any, of the Indenture Trustee's
agents, counsel, accountants and experts. The Issuer agrees to cause the
Servicer to indemnify the Indenture Trustee against any and all loss,
liability or expense (including attorneys' fees) incurred by it in connection
with the administration of this trust and the performance of its duties
hereunder. The Indenture Trustee shall notify the Issuer and the Servicer
promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the
Indenture Trustee to so notify the Issuer and the Servicer shall not relieve
the Issuer of its obligations hereunder. The Issuer shall or shall cause the
Servicer to defend any such claim, and the Indenture Trustee may have
separate counsel and the Issuer shall or shall cause the Servicer to pay the
fees and expenses of such counsel. Neither the Issuer nor the Servicer need
reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense
incurred by the Indenture Trustee to the extent attributable the Indenture
Trustee's own willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.
The Issuer's payment obligations to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to
this Section shall survive the discharge of this Indenture. When the
Indenture Trustee incurs expenses in connection with occurrence of a Default
specified in Section 5.01(a)(v) or (vi) with respect to the Issuer, the
expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration under Title 11
of the United States Code or any other applicable federal or State
bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law.
Section 6.08. Replacement of Indenture Trustee. No resignation or
--------------------------------
removal of the Indenture Trustee and no appointment of a successor Indenture
Trustee shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the
successor Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Section. The Indenture Trustee
may resign at any time by so notifying the Issuer. The Holders of a majority
in Outstanding Amount of the Notes may remove the Indenture Trustee by so
notifying the Indenture Trustee and may appoint a successor Indenture
Trustee. The Issuer shall remove the Indenture Trustee if:
(a) the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11;
(b) the Indenture Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent;
(c) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Indenture
Trustee or its property; or
(d) the Indenture Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.
If the Indenture Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in
the office of Indenture Trustee for any reason (the Indenture Trustee in such
event being referred to herein as the "resigning or removed Indenture
Trustee"), the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Indenture Trustee
that satisfies the eligibility requirements of Section 6.11.
The resigning or removed Indenture Trustee agrees to cooperate with the
Servicer and any successor Indenture Trustee in effecting the termination of
the resigning or removed Indenture Trustee's responsibilities and rights
hereunder and shall promptly provide such successor Indenture Trustee all
documents and records reasonably requested by it to enable it to assume the
Indenture Trustee's functions hereunder. Any successor Indenture Trustee
shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Indenture Trustee under
this Indenture.
The resigning or removed Indenture Trustee shall grant to the successor
Indenture Trustee the Collateral, including, without limitation, all of the
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan Files, the related documents and statements
held by it hereunder, and the Seller, the Servicer, the Issuer and the
resigning or removed Indenture Trustee shall execute and deliver such
instruments and do such other things as may reasonably be required for more
fully and certainly vesting and confirming in the successor Indenture Trustee
all such rights, powers, duties and obligations.
The successor Indenture Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of
its appointment to the resigning or removed Indenture Trustee, the Servicer,
the Seller and the Issuer. The successor Indenture Trustee shall mail a
notice of its succession to Noteholders. The resigning Indenture Trustee
shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Indenture Trustee to the
successor Indenture Trustee.
If a successor Indenture Trustee does not take office within 60 days
after the retiring Indenture Trustee resigns or is removed, the resigning or
removed Indenture Trustee, the Issuer or the Holders of a majority of the
Outstanding Amount of the Notes may petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee. If the
Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11, any Noteholder may
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Indenture
Trustee and the appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee.
Notwithstanding the replacement of the Indenture Trustee pursuant to
this Section, the Issuer's and the Administrator's obligations under Section
6.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Indenture Trustee.
Section 6.09. Successor Indenture Trustee by Merger. If the Indenture
-------------------------------------
Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or
substantially all its corporate trust business or assets to, another
corporation or banking association, the resulting, surviving or transferee
corporation without any further act shall be the successor Indenture Trustee;
provided, that such corporation or banking association shall be otherwise
qualified and eligible under Section 6.11. The Indenture Trustee shall
provide the Rating Agencies prior written notice of any such transaction.
In case at the time such successor or successors by merger, conversion
or consolidation to the Indenture Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created
by this Indenture any of the Notes shall have been authenticated but not
delivered, any such successor to the Indenture Trustee may adopt the
certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee, and deliver such
Notes so authenticated; and in case at that time any of the Notes shall not
have been authenticated, any successor to the Indenture Trustee may
authenticate such Notes either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in
the name of the successor to the Indenture Trustee; and in all such cases
such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Notes
or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Indenture Trustee
shall have.
Section 6.10. Appointment of Co-Indenture Trustee or Separate Indenture
---------------------------------------------------------
Trustee. (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, at any
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time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirement of any jurisdiction in
which any part of the Collateral may at the time be located, the Indenture
Trustee shall have the power and may execute and deliver all instruments to
appoint one or more Persons to act as a co-trustee or co-trustees, or
separate trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the Trust
Estate, and to vest in such Person or Persons, in such capacity and for the
benefit of the Noteholders, such title to the Collateral, or any part
thereof, and, subject to the other provisions of this Section, such powers,
duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Indenture Trustee may consider
necessary or desirable. No co-trustee or separate trustee hereunder shall be
required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor trustee under
Section 6.11 and no notice to Noteholders of the appointment of any
co-trustee or separate trustee shall be required under Section 6.08 hereof;
(b) Every separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent
permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions
and conditions:
(i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or
imposed upon the Indenture Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon
and exercised or performed by the Indenture Trustee and such separate
trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate
trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the
Indenture Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under
any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to
be performed the Indenture Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified
to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties
and obligations (including the holding of title to the Collateral or any
portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and
performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at
the direction of the Indenture Trustee;
(ii) no trustee hereunder shall be personally liable by reason
of any act or omission of any other trustee hereunder; and
(iii) the Indenture Trustee may at any time accept the
resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.
(c) Any notice, request or other writing given to the Indenture Trustee
shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and
co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument
appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Indenture
and the conditions of this Article VI. Each separate trustee and co-trustee,
----------
upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates
or property specified in its instrument of appointment, jointly with the
Indenture Trustee, subject to all the provisions of this Indenture,
specifically including every provision of this Indenture relating to the
conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the
Indenture Trustee. Every such instrument shall be filed with the Indenture
Trustee.
(d) Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time constitute the
Indenture Trustee its agent or attorney-in-fact with full power and
authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or
in respect of this Indenture on its behalf and in its name. If any separate
trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be
removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall
vest in and be exercised by the Indenture Trustee, to the extent permitted by
law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.
Section 6.11. Eligibility; Disqualification. The Indenture Trustee
-----------------------------
shall at all times satisfy the requirements of TIA Section 310(a). The
Indenture Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least
$50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of
condition and it or its parent shall have a long-term debt rating of "A" or
better by S&P or shall otherwise be acceptable to S&P. The Indenture Trustee
shall comply with TIA Section 310(b), including the optional provision
permitted by the second sentence of TIA Section 310(b)(9); provided, however,
that there shall be excluded from the operation of TIA Section 310(b)(1) any
indenture or indentures under which other securities of the Issuer are
outstanding if the requirements for such exclusion set forth in TIA Section
310(b)(1) are met.
Section 6.12. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer. The
------------------------------------------------
Indenture Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 311(a), excluding any
creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). An Indenture Trustee who
has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the
extent indicated.
ARTICLE VII
NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS
Section 7.01. Issuer To Furnish Indenture Trustee Names and Addresses
-------------------------------------------------------
of Noteholders. The Issuer will furnish or cause to be furnished to the
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Indenture Trustee not more than five days after each Record Date, a list, in
such form as the Indenture Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and
addresses of the Holders of Notes as of such Record Date; provided, however,
that so long as the Indenture Trustee is the Note Registrar, no such list
shall be required to be furnished.
Section 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to
----------------------------------------------
Noteholders. (a) The Indenture Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form
- -----------
as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes
contained in the most recent list furnished to the Indenture Trustee as
provided in Section 7.01 and the names and addresses of Holders of Notes
received by the Indenture Trustee in its capacity as Note Registrar. The
Indenture Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in such
Section 7.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.
(b) Noteholders may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with
other Noteholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under
the Notes.
(c) The Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Note Registrar shall have
the protection of TIA Section 312(c).
Section 7.03. Reports by Issuer. (a) The Issuer shall:
-----------------
(i) file with the Indenture Trustee within 15 days after the
Issuer is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the
annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or
copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may
from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Issuer
may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Exchange Act;
(ii) file with the Indenture Trustee and the Commission in
accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed from time to time
by the Commission such additional information, documents and reports
with respect to compliance by the Issuer with the conditions and
covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such
rules and regulations; and
(iii) supply to the Indenture Trustee (and the Indenture
Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Noteholders described in TIA
Section 313(c)) such summaries of any information, documents and reports
required to be filed by the Issuer pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) of
this Section 7.03(a) and by rules and regulations prescribed from time
to time by the Commission.
(b) Unless the Issuer otherwise determines, the fiscal year of the
Issuer shall end on December 31 of each year.
Section 7.04. Reports by Indenture Trustee. If required by TIA Section
----------------------------
313(a), within 60 days after each September 1, beginning with September 1,
1998, the Indenture Trustee shall mail to each Noteholder as required by TIA
Section 313(c) a brief report dated as of such date that complies with TIA
Section 313(a). The Indenture Trustee also shall comply with TIA Section
313(b).
A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Noteholders shall be
filed by the Indenture Trustee with the Commission and each securities
exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed. The Issuer shall notify the
Indenture Trustee if and when the Notes are listed on any securities
exchange.
ARTICLE VIII
ACCOUNTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND RELEASES
Section 8.01. Collection of Money. Except as otherwise expressly
-------------------
provided herein, the Indenture Trustee may demand payment or delivery of, and
shall receive and collect, directly and without intervention or assistance of
any fiscal agent or other intermediary, all money and other property payable
to or receivable by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Indenture. The
Indenture Trustee shall apply all such money received by it as provided in
this Indenture. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture, if
any default occurs in the making of any payment or performance under any
agreement or instrument that is part of the Collateral, the Indenture Trustee
may take such action as may be appropriate to enforce such payment or
performance, including the institution and prosecution of appropriate
Proceedings. Any such action shall be without prejudice to any right to
claim a Default or Event of Default under this Indenture and any right to
proceed thereafter as provided in Article V.
Section 8.02. Payments and Distributions. (a) Subject to
--------------------------
Section 8.02(b), on each Payment Date and on any Termination Date, to the
extent funds are available in the Note Payment Account, the Indenture Trustee
shall make the following payments pursuant to the Servicer's Monthly
Statement (except as provided in Section 5.05(b)):
(i) to the Servicer, an amount equal to the Servicing
Compensation (net of (1) any amounts retained prior to deposit into the
Collection Account pursuant to Section 5.01(b)(1) of the Sale and
Servicing Agreement, (2) any amounts representing income or gain form
investments credited to the Collection Account and paid to the Servicer
pursuant to Section 5.01(b)(2) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement and
(3) the Indenture Trustee Fee, which shall be paid to the Indenture
Trustee) and all unpaid Servicing Compensation from prior Due Periods;
(ii) (Reserved)
(iii) to the extent of the Regular Payment Amount for such
Payment Date, in the following order of priority:
(A) to the Holders of the Senior Notes, the Senior
Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount for such Payment Date,
allocated to each Class of Senior Notes, pro rata, based on
the amount of interest payable in respect of each such Class
based on the applicable Interest Rate;
(B) to the Holders of the Class M-1 Notes, the Class M-1
Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount for such Payment Date;
(C) to the Holders of the Class M-2 Notes, the Class M-2
Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount for such Payment Date;
(D) to the Holders of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-
3, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-6, Class A-7 and Class A-8
Notes, in that order, until the respective Class Principal
Balances thereof are reduced to zero, the amount necessary to
reduce the aggregate of the Class Principal Balances of the
Senior Notes to the Senior Optimal Principal Balance for such
Payment Date;
(E) to the Holders of the Class M-1 Notes, the amount
necessary to reduce the Class Principal Balance thereof to the
Class M-1 Optimal Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
(F) to the Holders of the Class M-2 Notes, the amount
necessary to reduce the Class Principal Balance thereof to the
Class M-2 Optimal Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
(G) to the Holders of the Class M-1 Notes, the
applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such Deferred Amount
has been paid in full;
(H) to the Holders of the Class M-2 Notes, the
applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such Deferred Amount
has been paid in full;
(iv) to the extent of the Excess Spread, if any, in the following
order of priority:
(A) in an amount equal to the Overcollateralization
Deficiency Amount, if any, as follows:
1) to the Holders of the Class A-1, Class A-2,
Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-6, Class A-7 and
Class A-8 Notes, in that order, until the respective
Class Principal Balances thereof are reduced to zero, the
amount necessary to reduce the aggregate of the Class
Principal Balances thereof to the Senior Optimal
Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
2) to the Holders of the Class M-1 Notes, the
amount necessary to reduce the Class Principal Balance
thereof to the Class M-1 Optimal Principal Balance for
such Payment Date; and
3) to the Holders of the Class M-2 Notes, the
amount necessary to reduce the Class Principal Balance
thereof to the Class M-2 Optimal Principal Balance for
such Payment Date;
(B) to the Holders of the Class M-1 Notes, the
applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such Deferred Amount
has been paid in full; and
(C) to the Holders of the Class M-2 Notes, the
applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such Deferred Amount
has been paid in full.
(b) On the Payment Date on which an early redemption or termination
pursuant to Section 11.02 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement is to occur, to
the extent funds are available in the Note Payment Account, the Indenture
Trustee shall make the following payments from the Note Payment Account in
the following order of priority:
(i) to the Servicer, an amount equal to the Servicing Compensation
and all paid and unpaid Servicing Compensation from prior Due Periods;
(ii) to the holders of the Notes, all accrued and unpaid interest
on each Class of Notes and an amount equal to the aggregate of the then
outstanding Class Principal Balances of each Class of Notes; and
(iii) to the holders of the Class M-1 and Class M-2 Notes, in
that order, the applicable Deferred Amounts, until each such Deferred
Amount has been paid in full.
(c) On each Payment Date and the Termination Date, to the extent of the
interest of the Indenture Trustee in the Certificate Distribution Account (as
described in Section 5.05(a) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement), the
Indenture Trustee hereby authorizes the Owner Trustee, the Co-Owner Trustee
or the Paying Agent, as applicable, to make the distributions from the
Certificate Distribution Account as required pursuant to Section 5.05(c) of
the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
Section 8.03. (Reserved)
Section 8.04. Servicer's Monthly Statements. On each Payment Date, the
-----------------------------
Indenture Trustee shall deliver the Servicer's Monthly Statement with respect
to such Payment Date to DTC and the Rating Agencies.
Section 8.05. Release of Collateral. (a) Subject to the payment of
---------------------
its fees and expenses pursuant to Section 6.07, the Indenture Trustee may,
and when required by the provisions of this Indenture or the Sale and
Servicing Agreement shall, execute instruments to release property from the
lien of this Indenture, or convey the Indenture Trustee's interest in the
same, in a manner and under circumstances that are not inconsistent with the
provisions of this Indenture or the Sale and Servicing Agreement. No party
relying upon an instrument executed by the Indenture Trustee as provided in
this Article VIII shall be bound to ascertain the Indenture Trustee's
authority, inquire into the satisfaction of any conditions precedent or see
to the application of any moneys.
(b) The Indenture Trustee shall, at such time as there are no Notes
Outstanding and all sums due to (i) the Certificateholders pursuant to
Section 5.05(c) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement and (ii) the Servicer
pursuant to Section 8.02(a)(i) hereof have been paid, release any remaining
portion of the Collateral that secured the Notes from the lien of this
Indenture and release to the Issuer or any other Person entitled thereto any
funds then on deposit in the Trust Accounts. The Indenture Trustee shall
release property from the lien of this Indenture pursuant to this
Subsection (b) only upon receipt of an Issuer Request accompanied by an
Officer's Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel and (if required by the TIA)
Independent Certificates in accordance with TIA Sections 314(c) and 314(d)(1)
meeting the applicable requirements of Section 11.01.
Section 8.06. Opinion of Counsel. The Indenture Trustee shall receive
------------------
at least seven days notice when requested by the Issuer to take any action
pursuant to Section 8.05(a), accompanied by copies of any instruments
involved, and the Indenture Trustee shall also require, as a condition to
such action, an Opinion of Counsel, in form and substance satisfactory to the
Indenture Trustee, stating the legal effect of any such action, outlining the
steps required to complete the same, and concluding that all conditions
precedent to the taking of such action have been complied with and such
action will not materially and adversely impair the security for the Notes or
the rights of the Noteholders in contravention of the provisions of this
Indenture; provided, however, that such Opinion of Counsel shall not be
required to express an opinion as to the fair value of the Collateral.
Counsel rendering any such opinion may rely, without independent
investigation, on the accuracy and validity of any certificate or other
instrument delivered to the Indenture Trustee in connection with any such
action.
ARTICLE IX
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
Section 9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders.
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(a) Without the consent of the Holders of any Notes but with prior notice to
the Rating Agencies and with the prior written consent of the Issuer and the
Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer Order, at any time and from
time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto
(which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as in force
at the date of the execution thereof), in form satisfactory to the Indenture
Trustee, for any of the following purposes:
(i) to correct or amplify the description of any property at
any time subject to the lien of this Indenture, or better to assure,
convey and confirm unto the Indenture Trustee any property subject or
required to be subjected to the lien of this Indenture, or to subject to
the lien of this Indenture additional property;
(ii) to evidence the succession, in compliance with the
applicable provisions hereof, of another person to the Issuer, and the
assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Issuer herein
and in the Notes contained;
(iii) to add to the covenants of the Issuer, for the benefit of
the Holders of the Notes, or to surrender any right or power herein
conferred upon the Issuer;
(iv) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any
property to or with the Indenture Trustee;
(v) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any
provision herein or in any supplemental indenture that may be
inconsistent with any other provision herein or in any supplemental
indenture or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
questions arising under this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture;
provided, that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of
the Holders of the Notes;
(vi) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the
appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to the Notes
and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall
be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by
more than one trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Article VI; or
(vii) to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this
Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to effect the
qualification of this Indenture under the TIA or under any similar
federal statute hereafter enacted and to add to this Indenture such
other provisions as may be expressly required by the TIA.
The Indenture Trustee is hereby authorized to join in the execution of
any such supplemental indenture and to make any further appropriate
agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained.
(b) The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer
Order, may, also without the consent of any Noteholder but with prior consent
of the Rating Agencies, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental
hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner
or eliminating any of the provisions of, this Indenture or of modifying in
any manner the rights of the Noteholders under this Indenture; provided,
however, that such action shall not, as evidenced by (i) an Opinion of
Counsel or (ii) satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition, adversely affect
in any material respect the interests of any Noteholder.
Section 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Noteholders. The
---------------------------------------------------
Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer Order, also
may, with prior consent of the Rating Agencies, and with the consent of the
Holders of not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes,
enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of
adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the
provisions of, this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the
Holders of the Notes under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such
supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each
Outstanding Note affected thereby:
(a) change the date of payment of any installment of principal of or
interest on any Note, or reduce the principal amount thereof, the interest
rate thereon or the Termination Price with respect thereto, change the
provisions of this Indenture relating to the application of collections on,
or the proceeds of the sale of, the Collateral to payment of principal of or
interest on the Notes, or change any place of payment where, or the coin or
currency in which, any Note or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the
right to institute suit for the enforcement of the provisions of this
Indenture requiring the application of funds available therefor, as provided
in Article V, to the payment of any such amount due on the Notes on or after
the respective due dates thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after
the Termination Date);
(b) reduce the percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes, the
consent of the Holders of which is required for any such supplemental
indenture, or the consent of the Holders of which is required for any waiver
of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults
hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture;
(c) modify or alter the provisions of the proviso to the definition of
the term "Outstanding";
(d) reduce the percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes
required to direct the Indenture Trustee to direct the Issuer to sell or
liquidate the Collateral pursuant to Section 5.04;
(e) modify any provision of this Section except to increase any
percentage specified herein or to provide that certain additional provisions
of this Indenture or the Basic Documents cannot be modified or waived without
the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Note affected thereby;
(f) modify any of the provisions of this Indenture in such manner as to
affect the calculation of the amount of any payment of interest or principal
due on any Note on any Payment Date (including the calculation of any of the
individual components of such calculation) or to affect the rights of the
Holders of Notes to the benefit of any provisions for the mandatory
redemption of the Notes contained herein; or
(g) permit the creation of any lien ranking prior to or on a parity
with the lien of this Indenture with respect to any part of the Collateral
or, except as otherwise permitted or contemplated herein, terminate the lien
of this Indenture on any property at any time subject hereto or deprive the
Holder of any Note of the security provided by the lien of this Indenture.
The Indenture Trustee may in its discretion determine whether or not any
Notes would be affected by any supplemental indenture and any such
determination shall be conclusive upon the Holders of all Notes, whether
theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder. The
Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any such determination made in good
faith.
In connection with requesting the consent of the Noteholders pursuant to
this Section, the Indenture Trustee shall mail to the Holders of the Notes to
which such amendment or supplemental indenture relates a notice setting forth
in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture. It shall not
be necessary for any Act of Noteholders under this Section to approve the
particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be
sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.
Section 9.03. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing, or
------------------------------------
permitting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture
permitted by this Article IX or the modification thereby of the trusts
created by this Indenture, the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to
receive, and subject to Sections 6.01 and 6.02, shall be fully protected in
relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such
supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The
Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such
supplemental indenture that affects the Indenture Trustee's own rights,
duties, liabilities or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
Section 9.04. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. Upon the execution of
--------------------------------
any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions hereof, this Indenture
shall be and shall be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance
therewith with respect to the Notes affected thereby, and the respective
rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties, liabilities and
immunities under this Indenture of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the
Holders of the Notes shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced
hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and
all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and
be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any
and all purposes.
Section 9.05. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every amendment of
-----------------------------------
this Indenture and every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this
Article IX shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as
then in effect so long as this Indenture shall then be qualified under the
Trust Indenture Act.
Section 9.06. Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures. Notes
---------------------------------------------
authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture
pursuant to this Article IX may, and if required by the Indenture Trustee
shall, bear a notation in form approved by the Indenture Trustee as to any
matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Issuer or the
Indenture Trustee shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in
the opinion of the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer, to any such supplemental
indenture may be prepared and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and
delivered by the Indenture Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Notes.
Section 9.07 Amendments to Trust Agreement. Subject to Section 11.01
-----------------------------
of the Trust Agreement, the Indenture Trustee shall, upon Issuer Order,
consent to any proposed amendment to the Trust Agreement or an amendment to
or waiver of any provision of any other document relating to the Trust
Agreement, such consent to be given without the necessity of obtaining the
consent of the Holders of any Notes upon satisfaction of the requirements
under Section 11.01 of the Trust Agreement.
Nothing in this Section shall be construed to require that any Person
obtain the consent of the Indenture Trustee to any amendment or waiver or any
provision of any document where the making of such amendment or the giving of
such waiver without obtaining the consent of the Indenture Trustee is not
prohibited by this Indenture or by the terms of the document that is the
subject of the proposed amendment or waiver.
ARTICLE X
REDEMPTION OF NOTES
Section 10.01. Redemption. The Seller may, at its option, effect an
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early redemption of the Notes on or after the Payment Date on which the Pool
Principal Balance declines to 10% or less of the Assumed Pool Principal
Balance. The Seller shall effect such early redemption in the manner
specified in and subject to the provisions of Section 11.02 of the Sale and
Servicing Agreement.
The Servicer or the Issuer shall furnish the Rating Agencies notice of
any such redemption in accordance with Section 10.02.
Section 10.02. Form of Redemption Notice. Notice of redemption under
-------------------------
Section 10.01 shall be given by the Indenture Trustee by first-class mail,
postage prepaid, or by facsimile mailed or transmitted not later than 10 days
prior to the applicable Termination Date to each Holder of Notes, as of the
close of business on the Record Date preceding the applicable Termination
Date, at such Holder's address or facsimile number appearing in the Note
Register.
All notices of redemption shall state:
(i) the Termination Date;
(ii) the Termination Price; and
(iii) the place where such Notes are to be surrendered for
payment of the Termination Price (which shall be the office or agency of
the Issuer to be maintained as provided in Section 3.02).
Notice of redemption of the Notes shall be given by the Indenture
Trustee in the name of the Issuer and at the expense of the Servicer.
Failure to give notice of redemption, or any defect therein, to any Holder of
any Note shall not impair or affect the validity of the redemption of any
other Note.
Section 10.03. Notes Payable on Termination Date; Provision for Payment
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of Indenture Trustee. The Notes or portions thereof to be redeemed shall,
- --------------------
following notice of redemption as required by Section 10.02 (in the case of
redemption pursuant to Section 10.01), on the Termination Date become due and
payable at the Termination Price and (unless the Issuer shall default in the
payment of the Termination Price) no interest shall accrue on the Termination
Price for any period after the date to which accrued interest is calculated
for purposes of calculating the Termination Price. The Issuer may not redeem
the Notes unless, (i) all outstanding obligations under the Notes have been
paid in full and (ii) the Indenture Trustee has been paid all amounts to
which it is entitled hereunder.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc.. (a) Upon
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any application or request by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee to take any
action under any provision of this Indenture, the Issuer shall furnish to the
Indenture Trustee (x) an Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions
precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed
action have been complied with, (y) an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the
opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been
complied with and (z) if required by TIA Section 3.14(c), a certificate of an
accountant or, if required by such section, an Independent Certificate from a
firm of certified public accountants meeting the applicable requirements of
this Section, except that, in the case of any such application or request as
to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any
provision of this Indenture, no additional certificate or opinion need be
furnished. Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:
(i) a statement that each signatory of such certificate or
opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein
relating thereto;
(ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions
contained in such certificate or opinion are based;
(iii) a statement that, in the opinion of each such signatory,
such signatory has made such examination or investigation as is
necessary to enable such signatory to express an informed opinion as to
whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and
(iv) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of each such
signatory, such condition or covenant has been complied with.
(b) Prior to the deposit of any Collateral or other property or
securities with the Indenture Trustee that is to be made the basis for the
release of any property or securities subject to the lien of this Indenture,
the Issuer shall, in addition to any obligation imposed in Section 11.01(a)
or elsewhere in this Indenture, furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer's
Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of each person signing such
certificate as to the fair value (within 90 days of such deposit) to the
Issuer of the Collateral or other property or securities to be so deposited.
(i) Whenever the Issuer is required to furnish to the
Indenture Trustee an Officer's Certificate certifying or stating the
opinion of any signer thereof as to the matters described in clause (i)
above, the Issuer shall also deliver to the Indenture Trustee an
Independent Certificate as to the same matters, if the fair value to the
Issuer of the securities to be so deposited and of all other such
securities made the basis of any such withdrawal or release since the
commencement of the then-current calendar year, as set forth in the
certificates delivered pursuant to clause (i) above and this clause
(ii), is 10% or more of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes, but such a
certificate need not be furnished with respect to any securities so
deposited, if the fair value thereof to the Issuer as set forth in the
related Officer's Certificate is less than $25,000 or less than one
percent of the then Outstanding Amount of the Notes.
(ii) Whenever any property or securities are to be released from
the lien of this Indenture, the Issuer shall also furnish to the
Indenture Trustee an Officer's Certificate certifying or stating the
opinion of each person signing such certificate as to the fair value
(within 90 days of such release) of the property or securities proposed
to be released and stating that in the opinion of such person the
proposed release will not impair the security under this Indenture in
contravention of the provisions hereof.
(iii) Whenever the Issuer is required to furnish to the
Indenture Trustee an Officer's Certificate certifying or stating the
opinion of any signer thereof as to the matters described in clause
(iii) above, the Issuer shall also furnish to the Indenture Trustee an
Independent Certificate as to the same matters if the fair value of the
property or securities and of all other property or securities released
from the lien of this Indenture since the commencement of the
then-current calendar year, as set forth in the certificates required by
clause (iii) above and this clause (iii), equals 10% or more of the
Outstanding Amount of the Notes, but such certificate need not be
furnished in the case of any release of property or securities if the
fair value thereof as set forth in the related Officer's Certificate is
less than $25,000 or less than one percent of the then Outstanding
Amount of the Notes.
Section 11.02. Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee. In
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any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by
an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such
matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person,
or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such
Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or
more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify
or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.
Any certificate or opinion of an Authorized Officer of the Issuer may be
based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion
of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the
exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or
representations with respect to the matters upon which such officer's
certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate of an
Authorized Officer or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates
to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by,
an officer or officers of the Servicer, the Seller, the Issuer or the
Administrator, stating that the information with respect to such factual
matters is in the possession of the Servicer, the Seller, the Issuer or the
Administrator, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable
care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with
respect to such matters are erroneous.
Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.
Whenever in this Indenture, in connection with any application or
certificate or report to the Indenture Trustee, it is provided that the
Issuer shall deliver any document as a condition of the granting of such
application, or as evidence of the Issuer's compliance with any term hereof,
it is intended that the truth and accuracy, at the time of the granting of
such application or at the effective date of such certificate or report (as
the case may be), of the facts and opinions stated in such document shall in
such case be conditions precedent to the right of the Issuer to have such
application granted or to the sufficiency of such certificate or report. The
foregoing shall not, however, be construed to affect the Indenture Trustee's
right to rely upon the truth and accuracy of any statement or opinion
contained in any such document as provided in Article VI.
Section 11.03. Acts of Noteholders. (a) Any request, demand,
-------------------
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Indenture to be given or taken by Noteholders may be embodied in and
evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by
such Noteholders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and except
as herein otherwise expressly provided such action shall become effective
when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Indenture Trustee,
and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Issuer. Such instrument
or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are
herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Noteholders signing such
instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a
writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this
Indenture and (subject to Section 6.01) conclusive in favor of the Indenture
Trustee and the Issuer, if made in the manner provided in this Section.
(b) The fact and date of the execution by any person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved in any manner that the Indenture Trustee
deems sufficient.
(c) The ownership of Notes shall be proved by the Note Register.
(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action by the Holder of any Notes shall bind the Holder of
every Note issued upon the registration thereof or in exchange therefor or in
lieu thereof, in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by
the Indenture Trustee or the Issuer in reliance thereon, whether or not
notation of such action is made upon such Note.
Section 11.04. Notices, etc. to Indenture Trustee, Issuer and Rating
-----------------------------------------------------
Agencies. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
- --------
waiver or Act of Noteholders or other documents provided or permitted by this
Indenture shall be in writing and if such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or act of Noteholders is to be made upon,
given or furnished to or filed with:
(a) the Indenture Trustee by any Noteholder or by the Issuer shall be
sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in
writing to or with the Indenture Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, or
(b) the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or by any Noteholder shall be
sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and mailed first-class,
postage prepaid to the Issuer addressed to: FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust
1998-1, in care of Wilmington Trust Company, Rodney Square North, 1100 North
Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19890, Attention: Emmett R. Harmon, or
at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Indenture Trustee
by the Issuer or the Administrator. The Issuer shall promptly transmit any
notice received by it from the Noteholders to the Indenture Trustee.
Notices required to be given to the Rating Agencies by the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee shall be in writing, personally
delivered or mailed by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the
applicable address specified in the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
Section 11.05. Notices to Noteholders; Waiver. Where this Indenture
------------------------------
provides for notice to Noteholders of any event, such notice shall be
sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing
and mailed, first-class, postage prepaid to each Noteholder affected by such
event, at his address as it appears on the Note Register, not later than the
latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the
giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Noteholders is given by
mail, neither the failure to mail such notice nor any defect in any notice so
mailed to any particular Noteholder shall affect the sufficiency of such
notice with respect to other Noteholders, and any notice that is mailed in
the manner herein provided shall conclusively be presumed to have been duly
given.
Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may
be waived in writing by any Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such
notice. Waivers of notice by Noteholders shall be filed with the Indenture
Trustee but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of
any action taken in reliance upon such a waiver.
In case, by reason of the suspension of regular mail service as a result
of a strike, work stoppage or similar activity, it shall be impractical to
mail notice of any event to Noteholders when such notice is required to be
given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving
such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed
to be a sufficient giving of such notice.
Where this Indenture provides for notice to the Rating Agencies, failure
to give such notice shall not affect any other rights or obligations created
hereunder, and shall not under any circumstance constitute a Default or Event
of Default.
Section 11.06. (Reserved)
Section 11.07. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any provision
---------------------------------
hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof that is
required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the
Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control.
The provisions of TIA Sections 310 through 317 that impose duties on any
person (including the provisions automatically deemed included herein unless
expressly excluded by this Indenture) are a part of and govern this
Indenture, whether or not physically contained herein.
Section 11.08. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article
----------------------------------------
and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience
only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
Section 11.09. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements
----------------------
in this Indenture and the Notes by the Issuer shall bind its successors and
assigns, whether so expressed or not. All agreements of the Indenture
Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors, co-trustees and agents.
Section 11.10. Severability. In case any provision in this Indenture
------------
or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity,
legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way
be affected or impaired thereby.
Section 11.11. Benefits of Indenture and Consent of Noteholders.
------------------------------------------------
Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, express or implied, shall give to
any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, and
the Noteholders, and any other party secured hereunder, and any other Person
with an ownership interest in any part of the Collateral, any benefit or any
legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture. Each
Noteholder and Note Owner, by acceptance of a Note or, in the case of a Note
Owner, a beneficial interest in a Note, consents to and agrees to be bound by
the terms and conditions of this Indenture.
Section 11.12. Legal Holidays. In any case where the date on which any
--------------
payment is due shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other
provision of the Notes or this Indenture) payment need not be made on such
date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force
and effect as if made on the date on which nominally due, and no interest
shall accrue for the period from and after any such nominal date.
Section 11.13. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN
-------------
ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, AND, TO THE EXTENT
PERMITTED BY LAW WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS, AND THE
OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.
Section 11.14. Counterparts. This Indenture may be executed in any
------------
number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an
original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the
same instrument.
Section 11.15. Recording of Indenture. If this Indenture is subject
----------------------
to recording in any appropriate public recording offices, such recording is
to be effected by the Issuer and at its expense accompanied by an Opinion of
Counsel (which may be counsel to the Indenture Trustee or any other counsel
reasonably acceptable to the Indenture Trustee) to the effect that such
recording is necessary either for the protection of the Noteholders or any
other Person secured hereunder or for the enforcement of any right or remedy
granted to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture.
Section 11.16. Issuer Obligations. No recourse may be taken, directly
------------------
or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuer, the Owner
Trustee or the Indenture Trustee on the Notes or under this Indenture or any
certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or therewith,
against (i) the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee in its individual
capacity, (ii) any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuer or (iii) any
partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer, director, employee or agent of
the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee in its individual capacity, any
holder of a beneficial interest in the Issuer, the Owner Trustee or the
Indenture Trustee or of any successor or assign of the Indenture Trustee or
the Owner Trustee in its individual capacity, except as any such Person may
have expressly agreed (it being understood that the Indenture Trustee and the
Owner Trustee have no such obligations in their individual capacity) and
except that any such partner, owner or beneficiary shall be fully liable, to
the extent provided by applicable law, for any unpaid consideration for
stock, unpaid capital contribution or failure to pay any installment or call
owing to such entity. For all purposes of this Indenture, in the performance
of any duties or obligations of the Issuer hereunder, the Owner Trustee shall
be subject to, and entitled to the benefits of, the terms and provisions of
Article VI, VII and VIII of the Trust Agreement.
Section 11.17. No Petition. The Indenture Trustee, by entering into
-----------
this Indenture, and each Noteholder, by its acceptance of a Note, hereby
covenant and agree that they will not at any time institute against the
Seller or the Servicer, or join in any institution against the Seller or the
Servicer, any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, insolvency or
liquidation proceedings, or other proceedings under any United States federal
or state bankruptcy or similar law in connection with any obligations
relating to the Notes, this Indenture or any of the Basic Documents.
Section 11.18. Inspection. The Issuer agrees that, on reasonable prior
----------
notice, it will permit any representative of the Indenture Trustee during the
Issuer's normal business hours, to examine all the books of account, records,
reports and other papers of the Issuer, to make copies and extracts
therefrom, to cause such books to be audited by Independent certified public
accountants, and to discuss the Issuer's affairs, finances and accounts with
the Issuer's officers, employees, and Independent certified public
accountants, all at such reasonable times and as often as may be reasonably
requested. The Indenture Trustee shall and shall cause its representatives
to hold in confidence all such information except to the extent disclosure
may be required by law (and all reasonable applications for confidential
treatment are unavailing) and except to the extent that the Indenture Trustee
may reasonably determine that such disclosure is consistent with its
obligations hereunder.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee have caused
this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers, thereunto
duly authorized and duly attested, all as of the day and year first above
written.
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1
By: Wilmington Trust Company, not in its individual
capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By: /s/ James P. Lawler
----------------------------------------------
Name: James P. Lawler
Title: Vice President
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Indenture Trustee
By: /s/ Jim Kaufman
----------------------------------------------
Name: Jim Kaufman
Title: Assistant Vice President
STATE OF DELAWARE )
)
COUNTY OF NEWCASTLE )
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, a Notary Public in and for said
county and state, on this day personally appeared
James P. Lawler, known to me to be the person and officer whose name is
subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that the same
was the act of the said WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, not in its individual
capacity, but solely as Owner Trustee on behalf of FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER
TRUST 1998-1, a Delaware business trust, and that such person executed the
same as the act of said business trust for the purpose and consideration
therein expressed, and in the capacities therein stated.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this 24th day of February,
1998.
/s/ Kathleen A. Pedelini
--------------------------------------------
Notary Public in and for the State of Delaware
(Seal)
My commission expires:
October 31, 1998
STATE OF MINNESOTA )
)
COUNTY OF RAMSEY )
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, a Notary Public in and for said
county and state, on this day personally appeared
J.T. Kaufman, known to me to be the person and officer whose name is
subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that the same
was the act of U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking
association, and that such person executed the same as the act of said
corporation for the purpose and consideration therein stated.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this 24th day of February, 1998.
/s/ Gina M. Vittor
--------------------------------------------
Notary Public in and for the State of New York
(Seal)
My commission expires:
1/31/00
SCHEDULE I
(To be Provided at the Closing and Supplemented on each Subsequent
Transfer Date on which Subsequent Home Loans are transferred to the Trust)
EXHIBIT A-1
Form of Class A-1 Note
EXHIBIT A-2
Form of Class A-2 Note
EXHIBIT A-3
Form of Class A-3 Note
EXHIBIT A-4
Form of Class A-4 Note
EXHIBIT A-5
Form of Class A-5 Note
EXHIBIT A-6
Form of Class A-6 Note
EXHIBIT A-7
Form of Class A-7 Note
EXHIBIT A-8
Form of Class A-8 Note
EXHIBIT A-9
Form of Class M-1 Note
EXHIBIT A-10
Form of Class M-2 Note
EXHIBIT 10.1
EXECUTION
LOAN SALE AGREEMENT
dated as of February 1, 1998
by and between
FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL, INC.
(Seller)
and
FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION
(Purchaser)
FIRSTPLUS Asset Backed Securities, Series 1998-1
This Loan Sale Agreement, dated as of February 1, 1998 (the
"Agreement"), is made and entered into by and between FIRSTPLUS Investment
Corporation, as purchaser (together with its successors and assigns, the
"Purchaser"), and FIRSTPLUS Financial, Inc., as seller (together with its
successors and assigns, "FFI").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, FFI is engaged in the business of underwriting, originating or
acquiring property improvement and debt consolidation loans secured by
mortgages on residential property;
WHEREAS, FFI desires to sell to Purchaser and Purchaser desires to
purchase from FFI on a whole loan basis the Initial Home Loans and all monies
due and to become due thereunder after January 30, 1998, less one-third of
interest collected thereon during February 1998;
WHEREAS, FFI desires to sell to Purchaser and Purchaser desires to
purchase from FFI all right, title and interest of FFI in and to the
obligations of each Seller of a Home Loan pursuant to each Loan Sale
Agreement in which FFI acquired any Home Loan and all right, title and
interest of FFI in and to the rights and obligations of each Subservicer,
pursuant to any Subservicing Agreement; and
WHEREAS, Purchaser intends to transfer the Home Loans and the rights,
titles and interest described above to FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1
(the "Issuer" or the "Trust") in order to facilitate the issuance by the
Trust of a series of asset backed notes (the "Asset Backed Securities").
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings ascribed
to such terms in the Sale and Servicing Agreement stated as of February 1,
1998, among the Seller, at Transferor and Servicer, the Purchaser, as Seller,
FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1, as Issuer and U.S. Bank National
Association, as Indenture Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of these premises and of the mutual
agreements herein set forth, Purchaser and FFI each agree as follows:
Section 1. Representations and Warranties. FFI hereby represents
------------------------------
and warrants to the Purchaser and the Issuer with respect to each Initial
Home Loan, as of the date hereof (the "Closing Date"), and with respect to
itself, as follows:
(a) Home Loan Information. The information with respect to each
---------------------
Home Loan set forth in the Home Loan Schedule is true and correct in all
material respects as of the applicable Cut-Off Date.
(b) Delivery of Home Loan Documents. All of the original or
-------------------------------
certified documentation required to be delivered to the Indenture Trustee or
to the Custodian on or prior to the Closing Date or the Subsequent Transfer
Date, as applicable, or as otherwise provided in this Agreement, has or will
be so delivered.
(c) Payments Current. As of the applicable Cut-Off Date, none of
----------------
the Initial Home Loans are more than 29 days contractually delinquent, based
on the terms under which the related Mortgages and Debt Instruments have been
made. The Seller has not advanced funds, or induced, solicited or knowingly
received any advance of funds from a party other than the related Obligor,
directly or indirectly, for the payment of any amount required by any Home
Loan.
(d) No Waiver or Modification. The terms of each Debt Instrument
-------------------------
and Mortgage, have not been impaired, waived, altered or modified in any
respect, except by written instruments reflected in the Indenture Trustee's
Home Loan File and no provision of any Mortgage or Debt Instrument has been
"whited out" or erased unless such modification has been initialed by each of
the parties to the related Home Loan. No instrument of waiver, alteration,
modification or assumption has been executed except for the instruments that
are part of the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File and the terms of which are
reflected in the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File.
(e) No Defenses. No Debt Instrument or Mortgage is subject to any
-----------
claim, set-off, counterclaim or defense, including the defense of usury, nor
will the operation of any of the terms of any Debt Instrument or Mortgage or
the exercise of any right thereunder, render such Debt Instrument or Mortgage
unenforceable, in whole or in part, or subject to any claim, right of
rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense, including the defense of usury,
and no such claim, right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense has
been asserted in any proceeding or was asserted in any state or federal
bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding at the time the related Home Loan was
originated.
(f) Compliance with Laws; Relief Act Matters. Any and all
----------------------------------------
requirements of any federal, state or local law applicable to each Home Loan
have been complied with including, without limitation, all licensing, real
estate settlement procedures act, consumer, usury, truth-in-lending, consumer
credit protection, equal credit opportunity or disclosure laws applicable to
each Home Loan. Each Home Loan was originated in compliance with all
applicable laws and no fraud or misrepresentation was committed by any Person
in connection therewith. No relief has been requested by or allowed to an
Obligor under the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940.
(g) No Satisfaction or Release of Lien. No Mortgage has been
----------------------------------
satisfied, canceled, subordinated or rescinded, in whole or in part. No
Mortgaged Property has been released from the lien of the related Mortgage in
whole or in part, nor has any instrument been executed that would effect any
such release, cancellation, subordination or rescission, other than the
subordination of the lien of such Mortgage securing a Home Loan with respect
to a Superior Lien on such Mortgaged Property in connection with the
refinancing of the mortgage loan relating to such Superior Lien.
(h) Valid Lien. With respect to each Debt Instrument, the related
----------
Mortgage is or creates a valid, subsisting and enforceable lien on the
related Mortgaged Property.
(i) Validity of Home Loan Documents; Entire Agreement. Each Debt
-------------------------------------------------
Instrument and each Mortgage is genuine and each is the legal, valid and
binding obligation of the Obligor thereof, enforceable in accordance with its
terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights
in general and by general principles of equity. All parties to each Debt
Instrument and each Mortgage had legal capacity at the time to enter into the
related Home Loan and to execute and deliver such Debt Instrument and
Mortgage, and such Debt Instrument and Mortgage have been duly and properly
executed by such parties. The Debt Instrument and the Mortgage contain the
entire agreement between the related Obligor and the lender and all
obligations of the lender under the related Home Loan, and no other agreement
defines, modifies, or expands the obligations of the lender under the Home
Loan, except for certain assumptions or modifications included in the
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File.
(j) Full Disbursement of Proceeds. The proceeds of each Home Loan
-----------------------------
have been fully disbursed and there is no requirement for future advances
thereunder. All costs, fees and expenses incurred in making or closing each
Home Loan and the recording of the Mortgage have been disbursed. The Obligor
is not entitled to any refund of any amounts paid or due under the Debt
Instrument or any related Mortgage and any and all requirements set forth in
the related Home Loan documents have been complied with.
(k) Ownership. Immediately prior to the conveyance thereof to the
---------
Seller, the Seller had good and marketable title to each Home Loan, Debt
Instrument and Mortgage, the Seller was the sole owner thereof and had full
right to sell each Home Loan, Debt Instrument and Mortgage to the Purchaser;
and upon the conveyance thereof by the Seller to the Purchaser, the Purchaser
became the sole owner of each Home Loan, Debt Instrument and Mortgage free
and clear of any encumbrance, equity, lien, pledge, charge, claim or security
interest.
(l) Ownership of Mortgaged Property. With respect to each Home
-------------------------------
Loan, the related Servicer's Home Loan File contains a title document
reflecting that title to the related Mortgaged Property is held at least 50%
by the Obligor under such Home Loan.
(m) No Defaults. There is no default, breach, violation or event of
-----------
acceleration existing under any Mortgage or any Debt Instrument and, to the
best of the Seller's knowledge, there is no event which, with the passage of
time or with notice and/or the expiration of any grace or cure period, would
constitute such a default, breach, violation or event of acceleration and
neither the Seller nor its predecessors have waived any such default, breach,
violation or event of acceleration, except as set forth in an instrument of
waiver, alteration, modification or assumption that is included in the
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File.
(n) Consent and Delinquency of Superior Lien. No obligation secured
----------------------------------------
by a Superior Lien was more than 30 days past due at the time of origination
of the related Home Loan. With respect to each Home Loan that is not a first
mortgage loan, either (i) no consent for the Home Loan is required by the
holder of the related prior lien or (ii) such consent has been obtained and
has been delivered to the Indenture Trustee.
(o) No Condemnation or Damage; Good Repair. To the best of the
--------------------------------------
Seller's knowledge, the physical condition of each Mortgaged Property has not
deteriorated since the date of origination of the related Home Loan (normal
wear and tear excepted) and there is no proceeding pending for the total or
partial condemnation of any Mortgaged Property. To the best of the Seller's
knowledge, the related Mortgaged Property described in each Mortgage is free
of damage and in good repair or will be free of damage and in good repair
following the completion of any improvements or repairs to be financed by the
related Home Loan.
(p) Environmental Compliance. To the best of the Seller's
------------------------
knowledge, the Mortgaged Property is free from any and all toxic or hazardous
substances and there exists no violation of any local, state or federal
environmental law, rule or regulation.
(q) Mortgage Remedies Adequate. Each Mortgage contains customary
--------------------------
and enforceable provisions such as to render the rights and remedies of the
holder thereof adequate for the realization against the related Mortgaged
Property of the benefits of the security provided thereby, including, (i) in
the case of a Mortgage designated as a deed of trust, by trustee's sale, and
(ii) otherwise, by judicial foreclosure.
(r) Remedies Against Originators. In the event that any Home Loan
----------------------------
was originated by an entity (such entity, the "Originator") other than the
Seller and to the extent that the Seller has failed to fulfill or is not
capable of fulfilling its obligations to cure, substitute or repurchase such
Home Loan as required hereunder, then the Indenture Trustee on behalf of the
Securityholders may enforce any remedies for breach of representations and
warranties made by the Originator with respect to such Home Loan.
(s) Security. No Debt Instrument is, or has been, secured by any
--------
collateral except the lien of the related Mortgage.
(t) Deed of Trust. If a Mortgage for a Home Loan constitutes a deed
-------------
of trust, a trustee, duly qualified under applicable law to serve as such,
has been properly designated and currently so serves as such and is named in
such Mortgage, or a valid substitution of trustee has been recorded or may be
recorded and no extraordinary fees or expenses are, or will become, payable
by the Seller to the trustee under the deed of trust, except in connection
with default proceedings and a trustee's sale after default by the related
Obligor.
(u) Use of Proceeds of Combination Loan. With respect to each
-----------------------------------
Combination Loan the related Obligor has represented to Purchaser that a
portion of the proceeds of such Combination Loan will be used to finance
property improvements.
(v) Inspections of Improvements; and No Encroachment. To the best
------------------------------------------------
of the Seller's knowledge, all inspections, licenses and certificates
required to be made, obtained and issued as of the Closing Date with respect
to the improvements and the use and occupancy of all occupied portions of all
Mortgaged Property have been made, obtained or issued as applicable. To the
best of the Seller's knowledge, all improvements which were considered in
determining the appraised value of the Mortgaged Property lay wholly within
the boundaries and building restrictions lines of the related property and no
improvements on adjoining properties encroach upon such property and no
improvement located on or being a part of such property is in violation of
any applicable zoning laws or regulation.
(w) Flood Insurance. If required by federal or state law, each
---------------
Mortgaged Property is covered by flood insurance with a standard mortgagee
clause and extended coverage in an amount which is not less than the value of
such Mortgaged Property. All such insurance policies meet the requirements
of the current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration, conform to
the requirements of the FNMA Sellers' Guide and the FNMA Servicers' Guide,
and are of standard type and quality for the locale where the related
Mortgaged Property is located. All acts required to be performed to
preserve the rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee in any such
insurance policies have been performed including, without limitation, any
necessary notifications of insurers and assignments of policies or interests
therein.
(x) Underwriting Origination and Servicing Practices. Each Home
------------------------------------------------
Loan, other than the Home Loans identified in Exhibit A hereto, has been
underwritten or re-underwritten in accordance with the Seller's then-current
underwriting guidelines. The origination practices used by each originator
of the Home Loans and the servicing and collection practices used by the
Seller with respect to each Home Loan have been in all material respects
legal, proper, prudent and customary with respect to the loan origination and
servicing business as applicable to the respective loan type. To the best of
the Seller's knowledge, no fraud or misrepresentation was committed by any
Person in connection with the origination or servicing of each Home Loan.
(y) Selection Criteria; No Bulk Transfer. The Home Loans were not
------------------------------------
selected by the Seller for sale to the Purchaser or the Issuer on any basis
intended to adversely affect the Purchaser or the Issuer. The sale,
transfer, assignment, conveyance and grant of the Debt Instruments and the
Mortgages to the Purchaser are not subject to the bulk transfer laws or any
similar statutory provisions in effect in any applicable jurisdiction.
(z) Treasury Regulation Section 301.7701. On the Closing Date, each
-----------------------------------
Subsequent Transfer Date and each date of substitution of a Qualified Home
Loan, 55% or more (by aggregate principal balance) of the Home Loans do not
constitute "real estate mortgages" for the purpose of Treasury Regulation
Section 301.7701 under the Code. For this purpose a Home Loan does not
constitute a "real estate mortgage" if:
(i) The Home Loan is not secured by an interest in real property,
or
(ii) The Home Loan is not an "obligation principally secured by an
interest in real property." For this purpose an obligation is "principally
secured by an interest in real property" if it satisfies either the test set
out in paragraph (1) or the test set out in paragraph (2) below.
(1) The 80-percent test. An obligation is principally secured by
an interest in real property if the fair market value of the interest in
real property securing the obligation
(A) was at least equal to 80 percent of the adjusted issue
price of the obligation at the time the obligation was
originated (or, if later, the time the obligation was
significantly modified); or
(B) is at least equal to 80 percent of the adjusted issue
price of the obligation on the Closing Date or Subsequent
Transfer Date, as applicable.
For purposes of this paragraph (1), the fair market value of
the real property interest must be first reduced by the amount
of any lien on the real property interest that is senior to
the obligation being tested, and must be further reduced by a
proportionate amount of any lien that is in parity with the
obligation being tested, in each case before the percentages
set forth in (1)(A) and (1)(B) are determined. The adjusted
issue price of an obligation is its issue price plus the
amount of accrued original issue discount, if any, as of the
date of determination.
(2) Alternative test. An obligation is principally secured by an
interest in real property if substantially all of the proceeds of the
obligation were used to acquire or to improve or protect an interest in
real property that, at the origination date, is the only security for
the obligation. For purposes of this test, loan guarantees made by the
United States or any state (or any political subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality of the United States or of any state), or other third
party credit enhancement are not viewed as additional security for a
loan. An obligation is not considered to be secured by property other
than real property solely because the obligor is personally liable on
the obligation. For this purpose only substantially all of the proceeds
of the obligation means more than 66-2/3% of the gross proceeds.
(aa) No Fraudulent Conveyance. The Home Loans are not being
------------------------
transferred with any intent to hinder, delay or defraud any creditors.
(ab) Value and Marketability. To the best of the Seller's knowledge,
-----------------------
there do not exist any circumstances, conditions or information with respect
to the Home Loan, the related Mortgaged Property, the Obligor or the
Obligor's credit standing that reasonably can be expected to cause private
institutional investors investing in same type of home loan to regard such
Home Loan as an unacceptable investment, to increase the likelihood that such
Home Loan will become delinquent, or adversely affect the value or
marketability of such Home Loan.
(ac) Terms of Home Loans and Interest Method. Each Home Loan is a
---------------------------------------
fixed rate loan. Each Debt Instrument has an original term to maturity of
not less than 24 months nor more than 25 years and three months from the date
of origination. Each Debt Instrument is payable in monthly installments of
principal and interest, with interest payable in arrears, and requires a
monthly payment which is sufficient to amortize the original principal
balance over the original term and to pay interest at the related Home Loan
Interest Rate. No Debt Instrument provides for any extension of the original
term. Interest for each Home Loan is calculated at a rate of interest
computed by the simple interest method or the actuarial method.
(ad) Types of Home Loans; Retail Installment Contracts. Each Home
-------------------------------------------------
Loan is either (i) a Home Improvement Loan, (ii) a Debt Consolidation Loan,
or (iii) a Combination Loan. No Home Loan was originated for the express
purpose of purchasing a manufactured home. Some of the Home Loans are retail
installment contracts for goods or services, and some of the Home Loans are
home improvement loans for goods or services, which are either "consumer
credit contracts" or "purchase money loans" as such terms are defined in
16 C.F.R. Part 433.1.
(ae) No Buydown, GPM or Shared Appreciation Loans. No Home Loan
--------------------------------------------
contains any provisions pursuant to which principal and interest payments are
paid or partially paid with funds deposited in any separate account
established by the Seller, the Obligor or anyone else on behalf of the
Obligor, or paid by any source other than the Obligor. No Home Loan contains
any other similar provision which may constitute a "buydown" provision. No
Home Loan is a graduated payment mortgage loan. No Home Loan has a shared
appreciation or other contingent interest feature.
(af) No Chattel Paper. Each Debt Instrument is comprised of one
----------------
original promissory note and each such promissory note constitutes an
"instrument" for purposes of Section 9-105(1)(i) of the UCC. No Debt
Instrument constitutes or is comprised of "chattel paper" as such term is
defined in Section 9-105(1)(b) of the UCC. Each Debt Instrument has been
delivered to the Indenture Trustee.
(ag) Description Conforms to Prospectus Supplement. Each Initial
---------------------------------------------
Home Loan conforms, and all Initial Home Loans in the aggregate conform, in
all material respects to the description thereof set forth in the Prospectus
Supplement.
(ah) Review by the Seller. In light of the Seller's underwriting
--------------------
guidelines, the Seller has reviewed all of the documents constituting each
Servicer's Home Loan File and each Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File and has
made such inquiries as it deems reasonable under the circumstances to make
and confirm the accuracy of the representations set forth herein.
Section 2. Purchase and Delivery. In consideration for the sale and
---------------------
transfer of the Home Loans to Purchaser by FFI, and upon transfer of such
Home Loans to Purchaser or Purchaser's designee from FFI on the date hereof
with respect to the Initial Home Loans, and on the applicable Subsequent
Transfer Date with respect to the Subsequent Home Loans, the Purchaser shall
pay or cause to be paid to FFI good and valuable consideration (the "Purchase
Price") including (without limitation) the net proceeds of (a) the sale of
the Asset Backed Securities and (b) certain residual classes of securities
subordinate to the Asset Backed Securities. The transfer of funds from
Purchaser to FFI for the Purchase Price for all Home Loans purchased shall be
made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the bank account
designated by FFI, or by other method as such parties shall agree.
On the date hereof with respect to the Initial Home Loans, and on the
applicable Subsequent Transfer Date with respect to the Subsequent Home
Loans, FFI shall transfer, assign and convey to Purchaser all of FFI's right,
title and interest in and to each Home Loan and the related Home Loan File,
free and clear of any adverse claims, rights or interests therein. FFI
shall, or shall cause its agent to, deliver to Purchaser or Purchaser's
designee the related Home Loan File.
On the date hereof with respect to the Initial Home Loans, and on the
Subsequent Transfer Date with respect to the Subsequent Home Loans, FFI shall
promptly transfer to Purchaser or its designee good title to the related
Mortgage, if applicable, pursuant to an Assignment of Mortgage and legal
title to the related Debt Instrument pursuant to the endorsement thereof in
the name of the Purchaser or its designee; provided that such Assignment of
Mortgage, if applicable, and endorsement of such Debt Instrument shall be
prepared and executed in the manner as specified in writing by the Purchaser.
FFI shall provide to Purchaser, at FFI's cost, a duly executed Assignment of
Mortgage, if applicable, and a blank endorsement of the related Debt
Instrument. Purchaser shall bear the cost and expense of completing and
recording such Assignment of Mortgage, if applicable, and completing the
endorsement of such Debt Instrument to the Purchaser or its designee.
Section 3. Sale Treatment. It is the express intent of the
--------------
parties hereto that the conveyance of the Home Loans by FFI to the Purchaser
as contemplated by this Agreement be, and be treated as, an absolute transfer
and conveyance of all of FFI's right, title, ownership and other interest in
the Home Loans. In the event that, notwithstanding the intent of the
parties, the Home Loans are held by a court to be the property of FFI, then
(i) this Agreement shall be deemed to be a security agreement within the
meaning of Articles 8 and 9 of the applicable Uniform Commercial Code; (ii)
the transfer of the Home Loans provided for herein shall be deemed to be a
grant by FFI to the Purchaser of a security interest (and/or an assignment of
any security interest that FFI may hold) in all of the FFI's right, title,
ownership and other interest in and to the Home Loans and all amounts payable
to the holders of the Home Loans in accordance with the terms thereof and all
proceeds of the conversion, voluntary or involuntary, of the foregoing into
cash, instruments, securities or other property, to the extent the Purchaser
would otherwise be entitled to own such Home Loans and proceeds thereof;
(iii) the possession by the Purchaser or the Indenture Trustee of the Debt
Instruments and such other items of property as constitute instruments,
money, negotiable documents or chattel paper shall be deemed to be
"possession by the secured party" for purposes of perfecting the security
interest pursuant to Section 9-305 (or comparable provision) of the
applicable Uniform Commercial Code; and (iv) notifications to persons holding
such property, and acknowledgments, receipts or confirmations from persons
holding such property, shall be deemed notifications to, or acknowledgments,
receipts or confirmations from, financial intermediaries, bailees or agents
(as applicable) of the Purchaser for the purpose of perfecting such security
interest under applicable law. Any assignment of the interest of the
Purchaser pursuant to any provision hereof or pursuant to the Sale and
Servicing Agreement shall also be deemed to be an assignment of any security
interest created hereby. FFI and the Purchaser shall, to the extent
consistent with this Agreement, take such actions as may be reasonably
necessary to ensure that, if this Agreement were deemed to create a security
interest in the Home Loans, such security interest would be deemed to be a
perfected first priority security interest under applicable law and will be
maintained as such throughout the term of the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
Section 4. Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon
--------------
and inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Purchaser and
FFI, respectively.
Section 5. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY
-------------
AND CONSTRUED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, AND THE OBLIGATIONS,
RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS, WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICT OF LAWS PRINCIPLES
APPLIED IN SUCH STATE.
Section 6. Capitalized Terms. Capitalized terms used and not
-----------------
otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Sale
and Servicing Agreement dated as of February 1, 1998, by and among FFI, as
Transferor and Servicer, the Purchaser, as Seller, FIRSTPLUS Home Loan
Trust 1998-1, as Issuer and U.S. Bank National Association, as Indenture
Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Purchaser and FFI have executed this
Loan Sale Agreement as of the date first above written.
FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL, INC.,
as Seller
By: /s/ Lee F. Reddin
------------------------------
Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION,
as Purchaser
By: /s/ Lee F. Reddin
-------------------------------
Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
EXHIBIT 10.2
EXECUTION
SALE AND SERVICING AGREEMENT
among
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1,
as Issuer
FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION,
as Seller
FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL, INC.,
as Transferor and Servicer
and
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Indenture Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee
Dated as of February 1, 1998
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1
Asset Backed Securities, Series 1998-1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
1.01. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.02. Other Definitional Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.03. Interest Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
ARTICLE II
CONVEYANCE OF THE HOME LOANS
2.01. Conveyance of the Initial Home Loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.02. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.03. Ownership and Possession of Home Loan Files . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.04. Books and Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.05. Delivery of Home Loan Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.06. Acceptance by Indenture Trustee of the Home Loans;
Certain Substitutions; Initial Certification by Custodian . . . 30
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
3.01. Representations and Warranties of the Seller . . . . . . . . . 32
3.02. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Servicer
and Transferor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.03. Individual Home Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.04. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.05. Purchase and Substitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
ARTICLE IV
ADMINISTRATION AND SERVICING OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS
4.01. Duties of the Servicer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.02. Liquidation of Home Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.03. Fidelity Bond; Errors and Omission Insurance . . . . . . . . . 47
4.04. Title, Management and Disposition of Foreclosure Property . . . 47
4.05. Access to Certain Documentation and Information Regarding
the Home Loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.06. Superior Liens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.07. Subservicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.08. Successor Servicers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
ARTICLE V
ESTABLISHMENT OF TRUST ACCOUNTS
5.01. Collection Account and Note Payment Account . . . . . . . . . . 50
5.02. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5.03. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5.04. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5.05. Certificate Distribution Account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5.06. Trust Accounts; Trust Account Property . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.07. Allocation of Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
ARTICLE VI
STATEMENTS AND REPORTS; SPECIFICATION OF TAX MATTERS
6.01. Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
6.02. Reports of Foreclosure and Abandonment of Mortgaged
Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
6.03. Specification of Certain Tax Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL SERVICING PROCEDURES
7.01. Assumption Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
7.02. Satisfaction of Mortgages and Release of Home Loan Files . . . 69
7.03. Servicing Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
7.04. Quarterly Statements as to Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
7.05. Annual Independent Public Accountants' Servicing Report . . . . 72
7.06. Right to Examine Servicer Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
7.07. Reports to the Indenture Trustee; Collection Account Statements 72
ARTICLE VIII
REPORTS TO BE PROVIDED BY SERVICER
8.01. Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
ARTICLE IX
THE SERVICER
9.01. Indemnification; Third Party Claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
9.02. Merger or Consolidation of the Servicer . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
9.03. Limitation on Liability of the Servicer and Others . . . . . . 75
9.04. Servicer Not to Resign; Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
9.05. Relationship of Servicer to the Issuer and the Indenture
Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
ARTICLE X
DEFAULT
10.01. Events of Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
10.02. Indenture Trustee to Act; Appointment of Successor . . . . . . 78
10.03. Waiver of Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
10.04. Accounting Upon Termination of Servicer . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
ARTICLE XI
TERMINATION
11.01. Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
11.02. Optional Termination by Seller. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . 80
11.03. Notice of Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
ARTICLE XII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
12.01. Acts of Securityholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
12.02. Amendment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
12.03. Recordation of Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
12.04. Duration of Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
12.05. Governing Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
12.06. Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
12.07. Severability of Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
12.08. No Partnership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
12.09. Counterparts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
12.10. Successors and Assigns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
12.11. Headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
12.12. Actions of Securityholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
12.13. Reports to Rating Agencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
12.14. (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
12.15. No Petition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT A Home Loan Schedule
EXHIBIT B (Reserved)
EXHIBIT C (Reserved)
EXHIBIT D Schedule of Specified Home Loans
This Sale and Servicing Agreement is entered into effective as of
February 1, 1998, among FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1, a Delaware
business trust (the "Issuer" or the "Trust"), FIRSTPLUS Investment
Corporation, a Nevada corporation, as Seller (the "Seller"), FIRSTPLUS
Financial, Inc., a Texas corporation ("FFI"), as Transferor (in such
capacity, the "Transferor") and Servicer (in such capacity, the "Servicer")
and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association, as
Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Noteholders (in such capacity, the
"Indenture Trustee") and as Co-Owner Trustee on behalf of the
Certificateholders (in such capacity, the "Co-Owner Trustee").
PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
WHEREAS, the Issuer desires to purchase a pool of Home Loans which were
originated or purchased by the Transferor and sold to the Seller in the
ordinary course of business of the Transferor;
WHEREAS, the Seller is willing to sell such Home Loans to the Issuer;
and
WHEREAS, the Servicer is willing to service such Home Loans in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein
contained, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions. Whenever used in this Agreement, the
-----------
following words and phrases, unless the context otherwise requires, shall
have the meanings specified in this Article.
A IO Component's Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to the
----------------------------------------------
initial Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the
excess (if any) of (a) the A IO Component's Monthly Interest Distributable
Amount for the immediately preceding Payment Date and any A IO Component's
Interest Carry-Forward Amount remaining outstanding with respect to prior
Payment Dates, over (b) the amount in respect of interest that was paid on
such Component on such immediately preceding Payment Date.
A IO Component's Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any
----------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the sum of the A IO Component's Monthly Interest Distributable
Amount for such date and the A IO Component's Interest Carry-Forward Amount
for such date; provided, however, that on the Payment Date, if any, on which
the Component Principal Balance of the B-1 Component is reduced to zero
through application of the Allocable Loss Amount with respect to such Payment
Date, and on each succeeding Payment Date, the amount of the A IO Component's
Interest Distributable Amount will be equal to the A IO Component's Interest
Distributable Amount calculated without giving effect to this proviso, minus
the portion of any Allocable Loss Amount that otherwise would be applied to
any Class of Notes on such Payment Date in the absence of this proviso.
A IO Component's Monthly Interest Distributable Amount: With respect
------------------------------------------------------
to any Payment Date, interest accrued for the related Due Period at the
applicable Interest Rate on the Component Notional Balance of the A IO
Component immediately preceding such Payment Date.
Accrual Period: With respect to the Class A-1 Notes, the period
--------------
beginning on the Payment Date in the calendar month preceding the month in
which the related Payment Date occurs (or, in the case of the first Payment
Date, beginning on the Closing Date) and ending on the day preceding the
related Payment Date. With respect to the other Classes of Securities, the
calendar month preceding the month in which the related Payment Date occurs
(or, in the case of the first Payment Date, the period from the Closing Date
through the end of February).
Addition Notice: Not applicable.
---------------
Administration Agreement: The Administration Agreement dated as of
------------------------
February 1, 1998 among the Issuer, FFI, and U.S. Bank National Association,
as Administrator, as such may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
Administrator: U.S. Bank National Association, or any successor in
-------------
interest thereto, in its capacity as Administrator under the Administration
Agreement.
Agreement: This Sale and Servicing Agreement and all amendments hereof
---------
and supplements hereto.
Allocable Loss Amount: With respect to each Payment Date after the
---------------------
Initial Undercollateralization Amount has been reduced to zero, the excess,
if any, of (a) the aggregate of the Class Principal Balances of the
Securities (after giving effect to all payments and distributions on such
Payment Date) over (b) the sum of (i) the Pool Principal Balance as of the
immediately preceding Determination Date and (ii) the amount, if any, on
deposit in the Pre-Funding Account as of the end of the immediately preceding
Due Period (net of investment earnings thereon). With resect to each Payment
Date prior to the Payment Date on which the Initial Undercollateralization
Amount is reduced to zero, zero.
Allocable Loss Amount Priority: With respect to any Payment Date,
------------------------------
sequentially, to the B-2 Component, the B-1 Component, the Class M-2 Notes
and the Class M-1 Notes, in that order, until the respective Class Principal
Balances (or Component Principal Balances) thereof are reduced to zero.
Assignment of Mortgage: With respect to each Home Loan, an assignment,
----------------------
notice of transfer or equivalent instrument sufficient under the laws of the
jurisdiction where the related Mortgaged Property is located to reflect of
record the assignment of the Mortgage with respect to such Home Loan to the
Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Securityholders.
Assumed Pool Principal Balance: As of any date of determination, the
------------------------------
sum of (a) the Initial Pool Principal Balance, (b) the Cut-Off Date Principal
Balance of each Subsequent Home Loan and (c) the amount, if any, on deposit
in the Pre-Funding Account as of such date (other than investment earnings).
Available Collection Amount: With respect to each Payment Date, an
---------------------------
amount equal to the sum of (a) all amounts received in respect of the Home
Loans or paid by the Servicer, the Transferor or the Seller (exclusive of
amounts not required to be deposited in the Collection Account) during the
related Due Period (and, in the case of amounts required to be paid by the
Transferor in connection with the purchase or substitution of a Defective
Home Loan, deposited in the Collection Account on or before the related
Determination Date), as reduced by any portion thereof that may not be
withdrawn therefrom pursuant to an order of a United States bankruptcy court
of competent jurisdiction imposing a stay pursuant to Section 362 of the
United States Bankruptcy Code, (b) in the case of the Payment Date following
the Due Period in which the Funding Period ends, amounts, if any, remaining
in the Pre-Funding Account at the end of the Funding Period, (c) with respect
to the final Payment Date, or an early redemption or termination of the
Securities pursuant to Section 11.02(b), the Termination Price, or in the
case of an early redemption or termination of the Securities pursuant to
Section 11.02(a), the proceeds from the sale of the Home Loans; and (d) any
income or gain from investment of funds on deposit in the Collection Account.
Available Funds: With respect to any Payment Date, the amount deposited
---------------
in the Note Payment Account with respect to such Payment Date less the
Servicing Compensation (net of the Servicing Fees, to the extent previously
paid or withheld) for such Payment Date.
Basic Documents: This Agreement, the Indenture, the Loan Sale
---------------
Agreement, the Certificate of Trust, the Trust Agreement, the Administration
Agreement, the Custodial Agreement, the Note Depository Agreement and the
documents and certificates delivered in connection therewith.
B-1 Component Optimal Principal Balance: With respect to any Payment
---------------------------------------
Date prior to the Overcollateralization Stepdown Date, zero; and with respect
to any other Payment Date, the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately
preceding Determination Date minus the sum of (a) the aggregate of the Class
Principal Balances of the Notes (after taking into account payments made on
such Payment Date) and (b) the greater of (i) 5.05% of the Pool Principal
Balance as of the immediately preceding Determination Date plus the Required
Overcollateralization Amount for such Payment Date (calculated without giving
effect to the proviso in the definition thereof) and (ii) 0.50% of the
Assumed Pool Principal Balance.
B-1 Component's Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to the
---------------------------------------------
initial Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the
excess (if any) of (a) the B-1 Component's Monthly Interest Distributable
Amount for the immediately preceding Payment Date and any B-1 Component's
Interest Carry-Forward Amount remaining outstanding with respect to prior
Payment Dates, over (b) the amount in respect of interest that was paid on
such Component on such immediately preceding Payment Date.
B-1 Component's Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any
---------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the sum of the B-1 Component's Monthly Interest Distributable
Amount for such date and the B-1 Component's Interest Carry-Forward Amount
for such date; provided, however, that on the Payment Date, if any, on which
the Component Principal Balance of the B-1 Component is reduced to zero
through application of the Allocable Loss Amount with respect to such Payment
Date, the amount of the B-1 Component's Interest Distributable Amount will be
equal to the B-1 Component's Interest Distributable Amount calculated without
giving effect to this proviso, minus the portion, if any, of such Allocable
Loss Amount that otherwise would be applied to any Class of Notes on such
Payment Date in the absence of this proviso.
B-1 Component's Monthly Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to
-----------------------------------------------------
any Payment Date, interest accrued for the related Due Period at the
applicable Interest Rate on the Component Principal Balance of the B-1
Component immediately preceding such Payment Date.
B-2 Component Optimal Principal Balance: With respect to any Payment
---------------------------------------
Date prior to the Overcollateralization Stepdown Date, zero; and with respect
to any other Payment Date, the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately
preceding Determination Date minus the sum of (a) the aggregate of the Class
Principal Balances of the Notes and the Component Principal Balance of the B-
1 Component (after taking into account any payments made on such Payment
Date) and (b) the Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Payment
Date.
B-2 Component's Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to the
---------------------------------------------
initial Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the
excess (if any) of (a) the B-2 Component's Monthly Interest Distributable
Amount for the immediately preceding Payment Date and any B-2 Component's
Interest Carry-Forward Amount remaining outstanding with respect to prior
Payment Dates, over (b) the amount in respect of interest that was paid on
such Component on such immediately preceding Payment Date.
B-2 Component's Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any
---------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the sum of the B-2 Component's Monthly Interest Distributable
Amount for such date and the B-2 Component's Interest Carry-Forward Amount
for such date.
B-2 Component's Monthly Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to
-----------------------------------------------------
any Payment Date, interest accrued for the related Due Period at the
applicable Interest Rate on the Component Principal Balance of the B-2
Component immediately preceding such Payment Date.
Business Day: Any day other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday, or (ii) a
------------
day on which banking institutions in New York City or in the city in which
the corporate trust office of the Indenture Trustee is located are authorized
or obligated by law or executive order to be closed.
Certificate: The Residual Interest Certificate issued pursuant to the
-----------
Trust Agreement.
Certificate Distribution Account: The Account established and
--------------------------------
maintained pursuant to Section 5.05.
Certificateholder: The holder of the Residual Interest Certificate.
-----------------
Class: With respect to the Notes, all Notes bearing the same class
-----
designation.
Class M-1 Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to
----------------------------------------------------
the initial Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the
excess (if any) of (a) the Class M-1 Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment
Amount for the immediately preceding Payment Date and any Class M-1
Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward Amount remaining outstanding with respect
to prior Payment Dates, over (b) the amount in respect of interest that was
paid on such Notes on such immediately preceding Payment Date.
Class M-1 Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount: With respect to any
----------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the sum of the Class M-1 Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment
Amount for such date and the Class M-1 Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward
Amount for such date.
Class M-1 Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount: With respect to
------------------------------------------------------
any Payment Date, interest accrued for the related Due Period at the
applicable Interest Rate on the Class Principal Balance of the Class M-1
Notes immediately preceding such Payment Date.
Class M-1 Optimal Principal Balance: With respect to any Payment Date
-----------------------------------
prior to the Overcollateralization Stepdown Date, zero; and with respect to
any other Payment Date, the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately
preceding Determination Date minus the sum of (a) the aggregate of the Class
Principal Balances of the Senior Notes (after taking into account payments
made on such Payment Date and (b) the greater of (i) 26.26% of the Pool
Principal Balance as of the immediately preceding Determination Date plus the
Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Payment Date (calculated
without giving effect to the proviso in the definition thereof) and (ii)
0.50% of the Assumed Pool Principal Balance.
Class M-2 Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to
----------------------------------------------------
the initial Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the
excess (if any) of (a) the
Class M-2 Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount for the immediately
preceding Payment Date and any Class M-2 Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward
Amount remaining outstanding with respect to prior Payment Dates, over (b)
the amount in respect of interest that was paid on such Notes on such
immediately preceding Payment Date.
Class M-2 Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount: With respect to any
----------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the sum of the Class M-2 Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment
Amount for such date and the Class M-2 Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward
Amount for such date.
Class M-2 Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount: With respect to
------------------------------------------------------
any Payment Date, interest accrued for the related Due Period at the
applicable Interest Rate on the Class Principal Balance of the Class M-2
Notes immediately preceding such Payment Date.
Class M-2 Optimal Principal Balance: With respect to any Payment Date
-----------------------------------
prior to the Overcollateralization Stepdown Date, zero; and with respect to
any other Payment Date, the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately
preceding Determination Date minus the sum of (a) the aggregate of the Class
Principal Balances of the Senior Notes and the Class M-1 Notes (after taking
into account any payments made on such Payment Date) and (b) the greater of
(i) 14.645% of the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately preceding
Determination Date plus the Required Overcollateralization Amount for such
Payment Date (calculated without giving effect to the proviso in the
definition thereof) and (ii) 0.50% of the Assumed Pool Principal Balance.
Class Pool Factor: With respect to each Class of Securities and any
-----------------
Payment Date, the Class Principal Balance thereof (giving effect to payments
thereon on such Payment Date) divided by the Original Class Principal Balance
of such Class.
Class Principal Balance: With respect to each Class of Securities and
-----------------------
any date of determination, the Original Class Principal Balance thereof as
reduced by (a) all amounts previously paid in respect of such Class in
reduction of the Class Principal Balance thereof and (b) in the case of the
Subordinate Securities, any Allocable Loss Amounts previously applied
thereto.
Clearing Agency: An organization registered as a "clearing agency"
---------------
pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act.
Clearing Agency Participant: A broker, dealer, bank, other financial
---------------------------
institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Clearing Agency
effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the
Clearing Agency.
Closing Date: February 11, 1998.
------------
Code: The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time,
----
and Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
Collection Account: An account established and maintained by the
------------------
Servicer in accordance with Section 5.01(a)(1).
Combination Loan: A loan, the proceeds of which were used by the
----------------
related Obligor in combination to finance property improvements, debt
consolidation, cash-out, or other consumer purposes.
Component: Any of the components of the Residual Interest Certificate
---------
having the designations, initial Component Principal Balances and Component
Interest Rates as follows:
Original Component
Designation Interest Rate Principal Balance
- ----------- ------------- -----------------
A IO Component 6.15%(1) (2)
B-1 Component 7.63%(3) $23,987,500.00
B-2 Component 8.02%(3) $12,625,000.00
Excess Component (4) (5)
- -------------------------
(1) After the Payment Date in April 2000, the Interest Rate applicable to
the Class A IO Component will be 0.00%
(2) The A IO Component will have an initial Component Notional Balance of
$41,619,500.00.
(3) The Interest Rate applicable to each of the B-1 and B-2 Components, if
the Residual Certificate remains outstanding, will be increased by 0.50% with
respect to each Payment Date occurring after the date on which the Seller is
first permitted to exercise its option to redeem or terminate the Securities
pursuant to Section 11.02(b).
(4) The Excess Component will not have an interest rate.
(5) The Excess Component will not have a principal balance.
Component Notional Balance: With respect to any Payment Date and the
--------------------------
A IO Component, the sum of the Class Principal Balances of the Class A-7 and
Class A-8 Notes immediately prior to such date.
Component Principal Balance: With respect to each Component, other than
---------------------------
a Notional Component, and any date of determination, the Original Component
Principal Balance thereof as reduced by (a) all amounts previously paid in
respect of such Component in reduction of the Component Principal Balance
thereof and (b) any Allocable Loss Amounts previously applied thereto.
Control: The meaning specified in Section 8-106 of the New York UCC.
-------
Co-Owner Trustee: U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking
----------------
association, in its capacity as the Co-Owner Trustee under the Trust
Agreement acting on behalf of the Certificateholders, or any successor co-
owner trustee under the Trust Agreement.
Credit Score: With respect to the obligor on a home loan (including the
------------
Obligor on a Home Loan), a numerical assessment of default risk with respect
to such obligor, determined based on a methodology developed by Fair, Isaac
and Company.
Custodial Agreement: The custodial agreement dated as of February 1,
-------------------
1998 by and among the Seller, FFI, as the Transferor and the Servicer, the
Indenture Trustee, and Bank One, Texas, National Association, as the
Custodian, and any subsequent custodial agreement, in similar form and
substance, providing for the retention of the Home Loan Files by the
Custodian on behalf of the Indenture Trustee.
Custodian: Any custodian appointed by the Indenture Trustee pursuant
---------
to the Custodial Agreement, which shall not be affiliated with the Servicer,
the Transferor, any Subservicer, or the Seller. Bank One, Texas, National
Association, shall be the initial Custodian pursuant to the terms of the
Custodial Agreement.
Cut-Off Date: The close of business on January 31, 1998.
------------
DCR: Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co., or any successor thereto.
---
Debt Consolidation Loan: A loan, the proceeds of which were primarily
-----------------------
used by the related Obligor for debt consolidation purposes or purposes other
than to finance property improvements.
Debt Instrument: With respect to any Home Loan, the note or other
---------------
evidence of indebtedness evidencing the indebtedness of an Obligor under such
Home Loan.
Defective Home Loan: As defined in Section 3.05 hereof.
-------------------
Deferred Amount: As of any Payment Date and as to each Class of
---------------
Subordinate Securities (or the B-1 or B-2 Component), the amount of Allocable
Loss Amounts previously applied in reduction of the Class Principal Balance
(or Component Principal Balance) thereof, to the extent not previously
reimbursed, plus interest accrued thereon at the applicable Interest Rate
from the date when so applied through the end of the Due Period immediately
preceding such Payment Date.
Delinquency Event: With respect to any Payment Date, a Delinquency
-----------------
Event will have occurred and be continuing if the Net Delinquency Calculation
Amount for such date exceeds the Required Overcollateralization Amount for
such date.
Deleted Home Loan: A Home Loan replaced by or to be replaced by a
-----------------
Qualified Substitute Home Loan pursuant to Section 3.05 or 2.06(c) hereof.
Determination Date: With respect to a Payment Date in a given month,
------------------
the day of such month that is three (3) Business Days prior to such Payment
Date.
DTC: The Depository Trust Company.
---
Due Date: With respect to any Home Loan, the day of the month on which
--------
the related Monthly Payment is due.
Due Period: With respect to each Payment Date, the calendar month
----------
immediately preceding the month in which such Payment Date occurs, with the
first Due Period commencing on February 1, 1998.
Eligible Account: At any time, an account which is any of the
----------------
following: (i) an account maintained with a depository institution (A) the
long-term debt obligations of which are at such time rated by each Rating
Agency in one of their two highest long-term rating categories, or (B) the
short-term debt obligations of which are then rated by each Rating Agency in
their highest short-term rating category; (ii) an account or accounts the
deposits in which are fully insured by either the Bank Insurance Fund or the
Savings Association Insurance Fund of the FDIC; (iii) a trust account (which
shall be a "segregated trust account") maintained with the corporate trust
department of a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust
company with trust powers and acting in its fiduciary capacity for the
benefit of the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer, which depository institution
or trust company shall have capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000;
or (iv) an account that will not cause any Rating Agency to downgrade or
withdraw its then-current rating(s) assigned to the Securities, as evidenced
in writing by such Rating Agency.
Eligible Servicer: A Person that is qualified to act as Servicer of the
-----------------
Home Loans under applicable federal and state laws and regulations and who
satisfies the criteria of Section 9.04(b) hereof.
Entitlement Holder: The meaning specified in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the
------------------
New York UCC.
Entitlement Order: The meaning specified in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the
-----------------
New York UCC (i.e., generally, orders directing the transfer or redemption of
any Financial Asset).
Event of Default: As specified in Section 10.01 hereof.
----------------
Excess Spread: With respect to any Payment Date, the excess of (a) the
-------------
Available Funds with respect to such Payment Date over (b) the Regular
Payment Amount with respect to such Payment Date.
Exchange Act: The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
------------
FDIC: The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and any successor
----
thereto.
FHLMC: The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and any successor
-----
thereto.
Fidelity Bond: As described in Section 4.03 hereof.
-------------
Financial Asset: The meaning specified in Section 8-102(a)(9) of the
---------------
New York UCC.
Fitch: Fitch IBCA, Inc., or any successor thereto.
-----
FNMA: The Federal National Mortgage Association and any successor
----
thereto.
Foreclosure Property: Any real or personal property securing a Home
--------------------
Loan that has been acquired by the Servicer through foreclosure, deed in lieu
of foreclosure or similar proceedings in respect of such Home Loan.
Funding Period: Not applicable.
--------------
HUD: The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development and
---
any successor thereto.
Home Improvement Loan: A loan, the net proceeds of which were or will
---------------------
be used by the Obligor to finance property improvements.
Home Loan: A Home Improvement Loan, Debt Consolidation Loan, or
---------
Combination Loan that is included in the Home Loan Pool. As applicable,
"Home Loan" shall be deemed to refer to the related Debt Instrument,
Mortgage, and any related Foreclosure Property.
Home Loan File: As defined in Section 2.05.
--------------
Home Loan Interest Rate: With respect to any Home Loan, the fixed
-----------------------
annual rate of interest borne by the related Debt Instrument, as shown on the
Home Loan Schedule, as such rate of interest may be modified from time to
time by the Servicer in accordance with Section 4.01(c) hereof.
Home Loan Pool: All of the Home Loans that are subject to the lien of
--------------
the Indenture as identified in the Home Loan Schedule.
Home Loan Schedule: The schedule of Initial Home Loans attached hereto
------------------
as Exhibit A, as amended from time to time pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement, such schedule identifying each Home Loan by address of the related
Mortgaged Property, if any, and the name(s) of each Obligor and setting forth
as to each Home Loan the following information: (i) the Principal Balance as
of the applicable Cut-Off Date, (ii) the account number, (iii) the original
principal amount, (iv) the Due Date, (v) the Home Loan Interest Rate, (vi)
the first date on which a Monthly Payment is due under the related Debt
Instrument, (vii) the Monthly Payment, (viii) the maturity date of the
related Debt Instrument, and (ix) the remaining number of months to maturity
as of the applicable Cut-Off Date.
Indenture: The Indenture dated as of February 1, 1998 between the
---------
Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, as such may be amended or supplemented from
time to time.
Indenture Event of Default: Any event of default specified in
--------------------------
Section 5.1 of the Indenture.
Indenture Trustee: U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking
-----------------
association, as Indenture Trustee under the Indenture, or any successor
indenture trustee under the Indenture.
Indenture Trustee Fee: The annual fee payable to the Indenture Trustee,
---------------------
calculated and payable monthly on each Payment Date, equal to $416.67, except
that with respect to the first Payment Date such monthly amount shall be pro
rated for the first Due Period.
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File: As defined in Section 2.05(d).
----------------------------------
Initial Home Loan: An individual Home Loan that is conveyed to the
-----------------
Issuer pursuant to this Agreement on the Closing Date, together with the
rights and obligations of a holder thereof and payments thereon and proceeds
therefrom received after the Cut-Off Date. The Initial Home Loans subject to
this Agreement are identified on the Home Loan Schedule annexed hereto as
Exhibit A.
Initial Overcollateralization Amount: Zero.
------------------------------------
Initial Pool Principal Balance: $499,999,998.50, which is the Pool
------------------------------
Principal Balance as of the Cut-Off Date.
Initial Undercollateralization Amount: With respect to any Payment
-------------------------------------
Date, an amount (not less than zero) equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the
aggregate of the Class Principal Balances of all Classes of Securities, after
giving effect to payments and distributions in respect of the Securities on
such Payment Date, over (b) the sum of (i) the Pool Principal Balance as of
the end of the preceding Due Period and (ii) the amount, if any, on deposit
in the Pre-Funding Account as of the end of such Due Period (net of
investment earnings thereon). Notwithstanding the foregoing, on any date
after the Payment Date on which the Initial Undercollateralization Amount is
first reduced to zero, such amount shall be deemed to be zero.
Insurance Proceeds: With respect to each Payment Date, an amount equal
------------------
to, with respect to any Home Loan, the proceeds paid during the immediately
preceding Due Period to the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer by any insurer
pursuant to any insurance policy covering a Home Loan, Mortgaged Property or
REO Property or any other insurance policy that relates to a Home Loan, net
of any expenses incurred by the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer in
connection with the collection of such proceeds and not otherwise reimbursed,
but excluding the proceeds of any insurance policy that are to be applied to
the restoration or repair of the Mortgaged Property or released to the
borrower in accordance with customary loan servicing procedures.
Interest Rate: With respect to each Class of Securities, the per annum
-------------
rate of interest applicable to Securities of such Class, as specified below:
Class Interest Rate(1)
----- -------------
A-1 (2)
A-2 5.97%
A-3 6.04%
A-4 6.20%
A-5 6.25%
A-6 6.61%
A-7 6.88%
A-8
A-8 7.09%
M-1 6.95%
M-2 7.15%
Residual Interest Certificate (3)
(1) The Interest Rate applicable to each Class of Notes remaining
outstanding will be increased by 0.50% with respect to each Payment Date
occurring after the date on which the Seller is first permitted to
exercise its option to redeem or terminate the Securities pursuant to
Section 11.02(b).
(2) Interest will accrue on the Class A-1 Notes during each Accrual Period
at a per annum rate equal to LIBOR for the related LIBOR Determination
Date plus 0.14%, subject to a maximum rate equal to the Net Weighted
Average Rate. The Interest Rate applicable to the Class A-1 Notes for
the initial Accrual Period will be 5.738% per annum.
(3) Interest will accrue on the Residual Interest Certificate during each
Accrual Period at a per annum rate calculated on the basis of the Class
Principal Balance thereof and the aggregate amount of interest accrued
on the A IO, B1 and B-2 Components during such Accrual Period.
With respect to each Component other than the Excess Component, the per annum
rate of interest applicable thereto is as specified in the definition of
Components.
LIBOR: With respect to each Accrual Period (other than the initial
-----
Accrual Period) and each Class of LIBOR Securities, the rate for United
States dollar deposits for one month that appears on Telerate Screen Page
3750 as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the second LIBOR Business Day before
the first day of such Accrual Period, as determined by the Indenture Trustee.
If such rate does not appear on such page (or such other page as may replace
that page on that service, or if such service is no longer offered, such
other service for displaying LIBOR or comparable rates as may be reasonably
selected by the Indenture Trustee), LIBOR for the applicable Accrual Period
will be the Reference Bank Rate. If no such quotations can be obtained by
the Indenture Trustee and no Reference Bank Rate is available, LIBOR will be
LIBOR applicable to the preceding Accrual Period. LIBOR for the initial
Accrual Period will be 5.598%.
LIBOR Business Day: Any day on which banks are open for dealing in
------------------
foreign currency and exchange in London and New York City.
LIBOR Securities: The Class A-1 Notes.
----------------
Liquidated Home Loan: A defaulted Home Loan as to which the Servicer
--------------------
has determined that all recoverable liquidation and insurance proceeds have
been received, which will be deemed to occur upon the earlier of: (a) the
liquidation of the related Mortgaged Property acquired through foreclosure or
similar proceedings, (b) the Servicer's determination in accordance with
customary servicing practices that no further amounts are collectible from
the Home Loan and any related security, or (c) the 180th day that any portion
of a scheduled monthly payment of principal and interest is past due.
Liquidation Proceeds: With respect to a Liquidated Home Loan, any cash
--------------------
amounts received in connection with the liquidation of such Liquidated Home
Loan, whether through trustee's sale, foreclosure sale or other disposition,
and any other amounts required to be deposited in the Collection Account
pursuant to Sections 4.02 or 4.04, in each case other than Post-Liquidation
Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds and Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds.
Loan Sale Agreement: Individually or collectively, as the context in
-------------------
which this term is used may require, any or all of the following: (i) the
loan sale agreement between the Transferor, as seller, and the Seller, as
purchaser, pursuant to which the Seller has acquired any of the Home Loans;
and (ii) each loan sale agreement entered into by the Transferor, as
purchaser, pursuant to which the Transferor has acquired any of the Home
Loans and which shall include all of the rights and benefits of the
Transferor thereunder with respect to such Home Loans, subject to any
limitations thereunder regarding assignment by the Transferor.
Majority Securityholders: (i) Until such time as the sum of the Class
------------------------
Principal Balances of all Classes of Notes has been reduced to zero, the
holder or holders of in excess of 50% of the aggregate Class Principal
Balance of all Classes of Notes (accordingly, the holder of the Residual
Interest Certificate shall be excluded from any rights or actions of the
Majority Securityholders during such period); and (ii) thereafter, the holder
of the Residual Interest Certificate.
Monthly Payment: With respect to a Home Loan, the scheduled monthly
---------------
payment of principal and/or interest required to be made by the related
Obligor on the related Home Loan, as set forth in the related Debt
Instrument.
Mortgage: The mortgage, deed of trust or other security instrument
--------
creating a lien in accordance with applicable law on a Mortgaged Property to
secure the Debt Instrument which evidences a Home Loan.
Mortgaged Property: The property (real, personal or mixed) encumbered
------------------
by the Mortgage which secures the Debt Instrument evidencing a Home Loan.
Mortgaged Property States: Each state in which any Mortgaged Property
-------------------------
securing an Initial Home Loan is located as set forth in the Home Loan
Schedule, and any other state wherein a Mortgaged Property securing any
Subsequent Home Loan may be located as set forth in the applicable Home Loan
Schedule.
Net Delinquency Calculation Amount: With respect to any Payment Date,
----------------------------------
the excess, if any, of (x) the product of 1.4 and the Rolling Six-Month
Delinquency Average over (y) the aggregate of the amounts of Excess Spread
for the three preceding Payments Dates.
Net Liquidation Proceeds: With respect to each Payment Date, an amount
------------------------
equal to any cash amounts received during the related Due Period from
Liquidated Home Loans, whether through trustee's sale, foreclosure sale,
disposition of REO Property, whole loan sales or otherwise (other than
Insurance Proceeds and Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds), and any other
cash amounts received during the related Due Period in connection with the
management of the Mortgaged Properties from defaulted Home Loans, in each
case, net of any reimbursements to the Servicer made from such amounts for
any unreimbursed Servicing Advances made and any other fees and expenses paid
in connection with the foreclosure, conservation and liquidation of the
related Liquidated Home Loans or Mortgaged Properties pursuant to Sections
4.02 and 4.04 hereof.
Net Loan Losses: With respect to a Payment Date, the sum of (A) with
---------------
respect to the Home Loans that became Liquidated Home Loans during the
immediately preceding Due Period, an amount (but not less than zero)
determined as of the related Determination Date equal to:
(i) the aggregate uncollected Principal Balances of such Liquidated
Home Loans as of the related Determination Date and without the
application of any amounts included in clause (ii) below, minus
(ii) the aggregate amount of any recoveries attributable to principal
from whatever source received during any Due Period, with respect
to such Liquidated Home Loans, including any subsequent Due Period,
and including without limitation any Net Liquidation Proceeds, any
Insurance Proceeds, any Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds, any
payments from the related Obligor and any payments made pursuant to
Section 3.05, less the amount of any expenses incurred in
connection with such recoveries; and
(B) with respect to any defaulted Home Loan that is subject to a
modification by the Servicer, an amount equal to the portion of the Principal
Balance, if any, released in connection with such modification.
Net Weighted Average Rate: With respect to any Accrual Period, the per
-------------------------
annum rate equal to the weighted average (by Principal Balance) of the
interest rates of the Home Loans as of the first day of the related Due
Period, as reduced by the Servicing Fee Rate.
New York UCC: The Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of
------------
New York.
Non-Recordation State: Any state with respect to which the Transferor
---------------------
and the Seller shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee (and to each
Rating Agency, in the case of any state in which 10% or more by Principal
Balance as of the Cut-Off Date of the Mortgaged Properties are located) on or
prior to March 31, 1998 an opinion, memorandum or other written assurance of
counsel in a form reasonably acceptable to the Indenture Trustee (and, where
applicable, to each Rating Agency), to the effect that, as to any Home Loan
with respect to which the related Mortgaged Property is located in such
state, recordation of an Assignment of Mortgage in such state is not
necessary to transfer title to the related Mortgage Note to the Issuer or to
pledge to the Indenture Trustee the issuer's rights under such Mortgage Note
in respect of which the Mortgaged Property is located in such state.
Note(s): One or more of the Class A-1 Notes, the Class A-2 Notes, the
-------
Class A-3 Notes, the Class A-4 Notes, the Class A-5 Notes, the Class A-6
Notes, the Class A-7 Notes, the Class A-8 Notes, the Class M-1 Notes or the
Class M-2 Notes.
Note Payment Account: The account established and maintained pursuant
--------------------
to Section 5.01(a)(2).
Noteholder: A holder of a Note.
----------
Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to the initial
------------------------------------------
Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the excess (if
any) of (A) the Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount for the
immediately preceding Payment Date and any Noteholders' Interest Carry-
Forward Amount remaining outstanding with respect to prior Payment Dates,
over (B) the amount in respect of interest on the Notes that was paid on the
Notes on such immediately preceding Payment Date.
Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount: With respect to any Payment Date,
------------------------------------
the sum of the Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount for such Payment
Date and the Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward Amount for such Payment
Date.
Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount: With respect to any
--------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the aggregate of interest accrued for the related Due Period on
each Class of Notes at the applicable Interest Rate on the Class Principal
Balance thereof immediately preceding such Payment Date.
Notional Component: The A IO Component.
------------------
Obligor: Each obligor on a Debt Instrument.
-------
Officer's Certificate: A certificate delivered to the Indenture Trustee
---------------------
or the Issuer signed by the President or a Vice President of the Seller, the
Servicer, the Transferor or the Issuer, in each case, as required by this
Agreement.
Original Class Principal Balance: With respect to each Class of
--------------------------------
Securities, the original principal balance of such Class, as set forth below:
Original
Class Principal Balance
----- -----------------
A-1 $126,758,000.00
A-2 $43,036,000.00
A-3 $80,263,000.00
A-4 $25,881,000.00
A-5 $21,180,000.00
A-6 $33,700,000.00
A-7 $20,746,000.00
A-8
A-8 $20,873,500.00
M-1 $66,912,500.00
M-2 $29,037,500.00
Residual Interest Certificate (1)
(1) The Original Class Principal Balance of the Residual Interest
Certificate is equal to the sum of the Original Component Principal
Balances of the B-1 and B-2 Components, as set forth under the
definition of "Component" herein. The Original Class Principal Balance
of the Residual Interest Certificate is $36,612,500.00.
Overcollateralization Amount: With respect to any Payment Date, an
----------------------------
amount (not less than zero) equal to the excess of (a) the sum of (i) the
Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately preceding Determination Date and
(ii) the amount, if any, on deposit in the Pre-Funding Account (other than
investment earnings) as of the end of such immediately preceding Due Period
over (b) the aggregate of the Class Principal Balances of all Classes of
Securities, after giving effect, unless otherwise specified, to all payments
on the Notes and distributions in respect of the Residual Interest
Certificate on such Payment Date.
Overcollateralization Shortfall: With respect to any Payment Date, the
-------------------------------
excess, if any, of the Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Payment
Date over the Overcollateralization Amount before giving effect to payments
on the Notes and distributions in respect of the Residual Interest
Certificate to be made on such Payment Date pursuant to Section 5.01(c)(4).
Overcollateralization Stepdown Date: The first Payment Date occurring
-----------------------------------
after February 2001 as to which the aggregate of the Class Principal Balances
of the Senior Notes has been reduced to an amount equal to or less than the
amount, if any, by which (a) the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately
preceding Determination Date exceeds (b) the greater of (i) 53.025% of the
Pool Principal Balance as of such immediately preceding Determination Date
plus the greater of (x) 7.0% of the Pool Principal Balance as of the
immediately preceding Determination Date and (y) the Net Delinquency
Calculation Amount for such Payment Date, and (ii) 0.50% of the Assumed Pool
Principal Balance as of such Payment Date.
Overcollateralization Surplus: With respect to any Payment Date, the
-----------------------------
excess, if any, of the Overcollateralization Amount for such Payment Date
over the Required Overcollateralization Amount for such date.
Ownership Interest: As to any Security, any ownership or security
------------------
interest in such Security, including any interest in such Security as the
holder thereof and any other interest therein, whether direct or indirect,
legal or beneficial, as owner or as pledgee.
Owner Trustee: Wilmington Trust Company, as owner trustee under the
-------------
Trust Agreement, and any successor owner trustee under the Trust Agreement.
Owner Trustee Fee: The annual fee of $2,500 payable to the Owner
-----------------
Trustee on the Payment Date occurring in March each year during the term of
this Agreement commencing in March 1998; provided that the initial Owner
Trustee fee shall be paid on the Closing Date.
Payment Date: The 10th day of any month or if such 10th day is not a
------------
Business Day, the first Business Day immediately following such day,
commencing in March 1998 and ending upon termination of this Agreement.
Permitted Investments: Each of the following:
---------------------
(1) obligations of, or guaranteed as to principal and interest by,
the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof when such
obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United
States;
(2) a repurchase agreement that satisfies the following criteria:
(1) must be between the Indenture Trustee and either (a) primary
dealers on the Federal Reserve reporting dealer list which are rated in
one of the two highest ratings for short-term unsecured debt obligations
by each Rating Agency, or (b) banks rated in one of the two highest
categories for short-term unsecured debt obligations by each Rating
Agency; and (2) the written repurchase agreement must include the
following: (a) securities which are acceptable for the transfer and
are either (I) direct U.S. governments obligations, or (II) obligations
of a Federal agency that are backed by the full faith and credit of the
U.S. government, or FNMA or FHLMC; (b) a term no greater than 60 days
for any repurchase transaction; (c) the collateral must be delivered to
the Indenture Trustee or a third party custodian acting as agent for the
Indenture Trustee by appropriate book entries and confirmation
statements and must have been delivered before or simultaneous with
payment (i.e., perfection by possession of certificated securities); and
(d) the securities sold thereunder must be valued weekly,
marked-to-market at current market price plus accrued interest and the
value of the collateral must be equal to at least 104% of the amount of
cash transferred by the Indenture Trustee under the repurchase agreement
and if the value of the securities held as collateral declines to an
amount below 104% of the cash transferred by the Indenture Trustee plus
accrued interest (i.e., a margin call), then additional cash and/or
acceptable securities must be transferred to the Indenture Trustee to
satisfy such margin call; provided, however, that if the securities used
as collateral are obligations of FNMA or FHLMC, then the value of the
securities held as collateral must equal at least 105% of the cash
transferred by the Indenture Trustee under such repurchase agreement;
(3) certificates of deposit, time deposits and bankers acceptances
of any United States depository institution or trust company
incorporated under the laws of the United States or any state, including
the Indenture Trustee; provided that the debt obligations of such
depository institution or trust company at the date of the acquisition
thereof have been rated by each Rating Agency in one of its two highest
short-term ratings;
(4) deposits, including deposits with the Indenture Trustee, which
are fully insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association
Insurance Fund of the FDIC, as the case may be;
(5) commercial paper of any corporation incorporated under the
laws of the United States or any state thereof, including corporate
affiliates of the Indenture Trustee, which at the date of acquisition is
rated by each Rating Agency in its highest short-term rating category
and which has an original maturity of not more than 365 days;
(6) debt obligations rated by each Rating Agency at the time at
which the investment is made in its highest short-term rating category
(or those investments specified in (iii) above with depository
institutions which have debt obligations rated by each Rating Agency in
one of its two highest short-term ratings);
(7) money market funds which are rated by each Rating Agency at
the time at which the investment is made in its highest short-term
rating category, any such money market funds which provide for demand
withdrawals being conclusively deemed to satisfy any maturity
requirements for Permitted Investments set forth in this Agreement; or
(8) any other demand, money market or time deposit obligation,
security or investment as may be acceptable to each Rating Agency at the
time at which the investment is made;
provided that no instrument described in the foregoing subparagraphs shall
evidence either the right to receive (a) only interest with respect to the
obligations underlying such instrument or (b) both principal and interest
payments derived from obligations underlying such instrument where the
interest and principal payments with respect to such instrument provide a
yield to maturity at par greater than 120% of the yield to maturity at par of
the underlying obligations; and provided, further, that no instrument
described in the foregoing subparagraphs may be purchased at a price greater
than par if such instrument may be prepaid or called at a price less than its
purchase price prior to stated maturity.
Person: Any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
------
limited liability company, association, joint-stock company, trust, national
banking association, unincorporated organization or government or any agency
or political subdivision thereof.
Pool Principal Balance: As of any Determination Date, the aggregate of
----------------------
the Principal Balances as of the close of business on the last day of the
immediately preceding Due Period of all Home Loans in the Home Loan Pool as
of the close of such Due Period.
Post-Liquidation Proceeds: As defined in Section 4.02(b).
-------------------------
Pre-Funded Amount: Not applicable.
-----------------
Pre-Funding Account: None.
-------------------
Pre-Funding Account Deposit: Not applicable.
---------------------------
Pre-Funding Account Weighted Average Balance: Not applicable.
--------------------------------------------
Pre-Funding Termination Payment Date: Not applicable.
------------------------------------
Principal Balance: With respect to any date of determination and with
-----------------
respect to any Home Loan or related Foreclosure Property, an amount equal to
the Cut-Off Date principal balance of such Home Loan minus all principal
reductions credited against the Principal Balance of such Home Loan since
such Cut-Off Date through the end of the immediately preceding Due Period;
provided, however, that the Principal Balance of a Liquidated Home Loan shall
be zero.
Principal Prepayment: With respect to any Home Loan and with respect
--------------------
to any Due Period, any principal amount received on a Home Loan in excess of
the scheduled principal amount included in the Monthly Payment due on the Due
Date in such Due Period.
Prospectus: The final Prospectus, dated September 10, 1997, as
----------
supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement.
Prospectus Supplement: The Prospectus Supplement dated January 30,
---------------------
1998, prepared by the Transferor and the Seller in connection with the
issuance and sale of the Securities.
Purchase Price: As defined in Section 3.05 herein.
--------------
Qualified Substitute Home Loan: A home loan or home loans substituted
------------------------------
for a Deleted Home Loan pursuant to Section 3.05, which (i) has or have an
interest rate or rates not more than 0.50% lower than the Home Loan Interest
Rate for the Deleted Home Loan, (ii) matures or mature not more than one year
later than and not more than one year earlier than the Deleted Home Loan,
(iii) has or have a principal balance or principal balances (after
application of all payments received on or prior to the date of substitution)
equal to or less than the Principal Balance of the Deleted Home Loan as of
such date, (iv) has or have a lien priority no lower than the Deleted Home
Loan, (v) has a related obligor with a Credit Score equal to or greater than
the Credit Score of the Obligor with respect to the Deleted Mortgage Loan,
and (vi) complies or comply as of the date of substitution with each
representation and warranty set forth in Section 3.03 and is not more than 29
days delinquent as of the date of substitution for such loan; and (vii) has a
related obligor with a Credit Score at origination of not less than 600. For
purposes of determining whether multiple home loans proposed to be
substituted for one or more Deleted Home Loans pursuant to Section 3.05 are
in fact "Qualified Substitute Home Loans" as provided above, the criteria
specified in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (v) and (vii) above may be considered
on an aggregate or weighted average basis, rather than on a loan-by-loan
basis (e.g., so long as the weighted average Home Loan Interest Rate of any
loans proposed to be substituted is not less than nor more than one
percentage point different from the Home Loan Interest Rate for the
designated Deleted Home Loan or Home Loans and the weighted average Credit
Score of any Qualified Substitute Home Loans cumulatively substituted is
equal to the weighted average Credit Score of the Deleted Home Loans, the
requirements of clauses (i) and (v) above would be deemed satisfied), except
that, with respect to any such substitution, the lowest Credit Score of any
home loan substituted shall not be lower than the lowest Credit Score of the
related Deleted Home Loans.
Rating Agency: Each of DCR, S&P and Fitch and their respective
-------------
successors; provided, however, that if no such organization or successor is
any longer in existence, "Rating Agency" shall be a nationally recognized
statistical rating organization or other comparable person designated by the
Issuer, notice of which designation shall have been given to the Indenture
Trustee, the Issuer and the Servicer.
Ratings: The ratings initially assigned to the rated Securities by the
-------
Rating Agencies, as evidenced by letters from the Rating Agencies.
Record Date: With respect to each Payment Date, the close of business
-----------
on the last Business Day of the calendar month immediately preceding the
month in which such Payment Date occurs.
Reference Bank Rate: With respect to any Accrual Period, the arithmetic
-------------------
mean (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest one sixteenth of a
percent) of the offered rates for United States dollar deposits for one month
that are offered by the Reference Banks as of 11:00 a.m., New York City time,
on the second LIBOR Business Day prior to the first day of such Accrual
Period to prime banks in the London interbank market for a period of one
month in amounts approximately equal to the outstanding Class Principal
Balance of the Class A-1 Notes, provided that at least two such Reference
Banks provide such rate. If fewer than two offered rates appear, the
Reference Bank Rate will be the arithmetic mean of the rates quoted by one or
more major banks in New York City, selected by the Indenture Trustee, as of
11:00 a.m., New York City time, on such date for loans in U.S. Dollars to
leading European Banks for a period of one month in amounts approximately
equal to the outstanding Class Principal Balance of the Class A-1 Notes. If
no such quotations can be obtained, the Reference Bank Rate will be the
Reference Bank Rate applicable to the preceding Accrual Period.
Reference Banks: Three money center banks selected by the Indenture
---------------
Trustee.
Regular Payment Amount: With respect to any Payment Date, the lesser
----------------------
of (a) the Available Funds and (b) the sum of (i) the Noteholders' Interest
Payment Amount, (ii) the aggregate of the A IO Component's Interest
Distributable Amount, the B-1 Component's Interest Distributable Amount and
the B-2 Component's Interest Distributable Amount and (iii) the Regular
Principal Payment Amount.
Regular Principal Payment Amount: With respect to each Payment Date,
--------------------------------
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(a) the sum of (i) each scheduled payment of principal collected by the
Servicer in the related Due Period, (ii) all partial and full principal
prepayments applied by the Servicer during such Due Period, (iii) the
principal portion of all Net Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds and
Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds received by the Servicer during the
related Due Period in respect of any Home Loan, to the extent received on or
prior to the date on which such Home Loan became a Liquidated Home Loan, (iv)
that portion of the Purchase Price of any repurchased Home Loan which
represents principal and (v) the principal portion of any Substitution
Adjustments required to be deposited in the Collection Account as of the
related Determination Date; and
(b) the aggregate of the outstanding principal balances of the
Securities immediately prior to such Payment Date.
Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds: With respect to each Payment
------------------------------------
Date, an amount equal to, with respect to any Home Loan, the proceeds
received by the Servicer in connection with (i) a taking of an entire
Mortgaged Property by exercise of the power of eminent domain or condemnation
or (ii) any release of part of the Mortgaged Property from the lien of the
related Mortgage, whether by partial condemnation, sale or otherwise, which
in either case are not released to the borrower in accordance with applicable
law, customary mortgage servicing procedures and this Agreement.
Required Overcollateralization Amount: With respect to any Payment Date
-------------------------------------
occurring prior to the Overcollateralization Stepdown Date, an amount equal
to the greater of (x) 3.5% of the Assumed Pool Principal Balance as of the
end of the related Due Period and (y) the Net Delinquency Calculation Amount
for such Payment Date; with respect to any other Payment Date, an amount
equal to the greater of (x) 7.0% of the Pool Principal Balance as of the
immediately preceding Determination Date and (y) the Net Delinquency
Calculation Amount for such Payment Date; provided, however, that the
Required Overcollateralization Amount with respect to a Payment Date will in
no event be less than 0.5% of the Assumed Pool Principal Balance as of the
end of the related Due Period.
Residual Interest Certificate: The residual interest certificate issued
-----------------------------
pursuant to the Trust Agreement which, for purposes of calculating
distributions of interest and principal and of allocating Allocable Loss
Amounts, will be composed of the four payment Components having the
designations and, with respect to each of the A IO Component, the B-1
Component and the B-2 Component, the Interest Rates and Original Component
Notional Balance or Original Component Principal Balance as set forth under
"Component" herein.
Responsible Officer: When used with respect to the Indenture Trustee,
-------------------
any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee,
including any Vice President, Assistant Vice President, Secretary, Assistant
Secretary or any other officer of the Indenture Trustee customarily
performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above
designated officers and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other
officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer's knowledge
of and familiarity with the particular subject. When used with respect to
the Issuer, the Transferor, the Seller, or the Servicer, the President or any
Vice President, Assistant Vice President, or any Secretary or Assistant
Secretary thereof.
Rolling Six-Month Delinquency Average: With respect to any Payment
-------------------------------------
Date, the average of the applicable 60-Day Delinquency Amounts for each of
the six immediately preceding Due Periods.
S&P: Standard & Poor's Rating Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill
---
Companies, Inc., or any successor thereto.
Securities Act: The Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
--------------
Securities Intermediary: The Person acting as Securities Intermediary
-----------------------
under this Agreement (which is U.S. Bank National Association), its successor
in interest, and any successor Securities Intermediary appointed pursuant to
Section 5.06(d).
Security or Securities: Any Notes or the Residual Interest Certificate,
----------------------
as applicable.
Security Entitlement: The meaning specified in Section 8-102(a)(17) of
--------------------
the New York UCC.
Securityholder: A holder of a Note or the Residual Interest
--------------
Certificate, as applicable.
Seller: FIRSTPLUS Investment Corporation, a Nevada corporation, and any
------
successor thereto.
Senior Noteholders' Interest Carry-Forward Amount: With respect to the
--------------------------------------------------
initial Payment Date, zero; with respect to each other Payment Date, the
excess (if any) of (A) the Senior Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment
Amount for the immediately preceding Payment Date and any Senior Noteholders'
Interest Carry-Forward Amount remaining outstanding with respect to prior
Payment Dates, over (B) the amount in respect of interest that was paid on
such Notes on such immediately preceding Payment Date.
Senior Noteholders' Interest Payment Amount: With respect to any
--------------------------------------------
Payment Date, the sum of the Senior Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment
Amount for such Payment Date and the Senior Noteholders' Interest Carry-
Forward Amount for such Payment Date.
Senior Noteholders' Monthly Interest Payment Amount: With respect to
----------------------------------------------------
each Payment Date, the aggregate of interest accrued for the related Accrual
Period on each Class of Senior Notes at the applicable Interest Rates on the
respective Class Principal Balances of such Classes immediately preceding
such Payment Date.
Senior Notes: The Class A-1, the Class A-2, the Class A-3, the Class
------------
A-4, the Class A-5, the Class A-6, the Class A-7 and the Class A-8 Notes.
Senior Optimal Principal Balance: With respect to any Payment Date
--------------------------------
prior to the Overcollateralization Stepdown Date, zero; with respect to any
other Payment Date, an amount equal to the Pool Principal Balance as of the
immediately preceding Determination Date minus the greater of (a) 53.025% of
the Pool Principal Balance as of such immediately preceding Determination
Date plus the Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Payment Date
(calculated without giving effect to the proviso in the definition thereof)
and (b) 0.50% of the Assumed Pool Principal Balance.
Series or Series 1998-1: FIRSTPLUS Asset Backed Securities, Series
------ -------------
1998-1.
Servicer: FFI, in its capacity as the servicer hereunder, or any
--------
successor appointed as herein provided.
Servicer's Fiscal Year: October 1st of each year through September 30th
----------------------
of the following year.
Servicer's Home Loan Files: In respect of each Home Loan, all documents
--------------------------
customarily included in the servicer's loan file for the related type of Home
Loan in accordance with the servicing standard set forth in Section 4.01.
Servicer's Monthly Statement: As defined in Section 6.01(b).
----------------------------
Servicing Advances: Subject to Section 4.01(b), all reasonable,
------------------
customary and necessary "out of pocket" costs and expenses advanced or paid
by the Servicer with respect to the Home Loans in accordance with the
performance by the Servicer of its servicing obligations hereunder,
including, but not limited to, the costs and expenses for (i) the
preservation, restoration and protection of the Mortgaged Property, including
without limitation advances in respect of real estate taxes and assessments,
(ii) any collection, enforcement or judicial proceedings, including without
limitation foreclosures, collections and liquidations pursuant to Section
4.02, (iii) the conservation, management and sale or other disposition of any
Foreclosure Property pursuant to Section 4.04, (iv) the preservation of the
security for a Home Loan if any lienholder under a Superior Lien has
accelerated or intends to accelerate the obligations secured by such Superior
Lien pursuant to Section 4.06; provided that such Servicing Advances are
reimbursable to the Servicer as provided in Section 5.01(c)(3)(xv) to the
extent not previously deducted or retained by the Servicer in calculating Net
Liquidation Proceeds hereunder.
Servicing Advance Reimbursement Amount: As defined in
--------------------------------------
Section 5.01(c)(3)(xv).
Servicing Compensation: With respect to a Payment Date, the Servicing
----------------------
Fee and other amounts to which the Servicer is entitled pursuant to Sections
5.01(b)(1), 5.01(b)(2), 5.01(c)(1), 7.01 and 7.03.
Servicing Fee: As to each Home Loan (including any Home Loan that has
-------------
been foreclosed and has become a Foreclosure Property, but excluding any
Liquidated Home Loan), the fee payable monthly to the Servicer on each
Payment Date, which shall be (a) the product of the Servicing Fee Rate and
the Principal Balance of such Home Loan as of the second preceding
Determination Date divided by (b) 12. The Servicing Fee includes any
servicing fees owed or payable to any Subservicer and any custodial fees owed
or payable to the Custodian which fees shall be paid from the Servicing Fee.
Servicing Fee Rate: 0.75% per annum.
------------------
Servicing Officer: Any officer of the Servicer or Subservicer involved
-----------------
in, or responsible for, the administration and servicing of the Home Loans
whose name and specimen signature appears on a list of servicing officers
annexed to an Officer's Certificate furnished by the Servicer or the
Subservicer, respectively, to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, on behalf
of the Securityholders, as such list may from time to time be amended.
60-Day Delinquency Amount: With respect to any Due Period, the
-------------------------
aggregate of the Principal Balances of all Home Loans that are 60 or more
days delinquent, in foreclosure or REO Property as of the end of such Due
Period, excluding any Liquidated Home Loan.
Subordinate Security: Any Class M-1 Note, Class M-2 Note or Residual
--------------------
Interest Certificate.
Subsequent Home Loan: None.
--------------------
Subsequent Purchase Price: Not applicable.
-------------------------
Subsequent Transfer Agreement: Not applicable.
-----------------------------
Subsequent Transfer Date: Not applicable.
------------------------
Subservicer: Any Person with whom the Servicer has entered into a
-----------
Subservicing Agreement and who is an Eligible Servicer and who satisfies any
requirements set forth in Section 4.07(a) in respect of the qualifications of
a Subservicer.
Subservicing Account: An account established by a Subservicer pursuant
--------------------
to a Subservicing Agreement, which account must be an Eligible Account.
Subservicing Agreement: Any agreement between the Servicer and any
----------------------
Subservicer relating to subservicing and/or administration of any or all Home
Loans as provided in Section 4.07(a), copies of which shall be made
available, along with any modifications thereto, to the Issuer and the
Indenture Trustee.
Substitution Adjustment: As to any date on which a substitution occurs
-----------------------
pursuant to Section 3.05, the amount, if any, by which (a) the sum of the
aggregate Principal Balance after application of principal payments received
through the close of the preceding Due Period of any Qualified Substitute
Home Loans plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon that is scheduled to
be paid during the Due Period in which such substitution occurs, is less than
(b) the sum of the aggregate of the Principal Balances, together with accrued
and unpaid interest scheduled to be paid during the Due Period in which such
substitution occurs, of the related Deleted Home Loans.
Superior Lien: With respect to any Home Loan which is secured by other
-------------
than a first priority lien, the mortgage(s) relating to the corresponding
Mortgaged Property having a superior priority lien.
Termination Price: An amount equal to the sum of (i) the then
-----------------
outstanding aggregate Class Principal Balances of the Securities plus all
accrued and unpaid interest thereon at the applicable Interest Rates, (ii)
any Servicing Compensation due and unpaid, and (iii) any unreimbursed
Servicing Advances including such Servicing Advances deemed to be
nonrecoverable.
Third-Party Purchaser: As defined in Section 11.02(a).
---------------------
Total Collection Amount: With respect to each Payment Date, an amount
-----------------------
equal to the sum of the Available Collection Amount and any investment
earnings on amounts in the Note Payment Account and the Certificate
Distribution Account during the related Due Period.
Transferor: FFI, in its capacity as the transferor hereunder.
----------
Trust: The Issuer.
-----
Trust Account Property: The Trust Accounts, the Certificate
----------------------
Distribution Account, all amounts and investments held from time to time in
any Trust Account or in the Certificate Distribution Account and all proceeds
of the foregoing.
Trust Accounts: The Note Payment Account, the Collection Account and
--------------
the Pre-Funding Account.
Trust Agreement: The Trust Agreement dated as of February 1, 1998 among
---------------
the Seller as Depositor, the Co-Owner Trustee and the Owner Trustee, as such
may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
Trust Estate: The assets subject to this Agreement and the Indenture
------------
pledged by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee, which assets consist of
(a) all of the Seller's right, title and interest in and to: (i) such Home
Loans as from time to time are subject to this Agreement, including both the
Initial Home Loans and any Subsequent Home Loans conveyed to the Issuer as
provided in this Agreement and as listed in the Home Loan Schedule, as the
same may be amended or supplemented from time to time (including to reflect
the removal of Deleted Home Loans and the addition of Qualified Substitute
Home Loans), together with the Servicer's Home Loan Files and the Indenture
Trustee's Home Loan Files relating thereto and all proceeds thereof, (ii) all
payments and proceeds received on or with respect to the Home Loans after the
applicable Cut-Off Dates, less one third of amounts attributable to interest
collected during the initial Due Period, (iii) such assets as from time to
time are identified as Foreclosure Property, (iv) all assets and funds as are
from time to time deposited in any Trust Account, including amounts on
deposit in such accounts which are invested in Permitted Investments, (v) all
insurance policies with respect to the Home Loans and any Insurance Proceeds,
(vi) Net Liquidation Proceeds, Post-Liquidation Proceeds and Released
Mortgaged Property Proceeds, (vii) that certain Loan Sale Agreement under
which the Seller acquired the Initial Home Loans from the Transferor, and
(b) all right, title and interest of the Issuer, as purchaser, under each
Subsequent Transfer Agreement.
Weighted Average Interest Rate: As of any date of determination, the
------------------------------
per annum rate equal to the weighted average (by Class Principal Balance) of
the Interest Rates applicable to the Classes of Securities.
Withdrawal Date: With respect to a Payment Date, the second Business Day
---------------
prior to such Payment Date.
Section 1.02. Other Definitional Provisions. (a) Capitalized terms
-----------------------------
used herein and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to
them in the Indenture and the Trust Agreement.
(b) All terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings
when used in any certificate or other document made or delivered pursuant
hereto unless otherwise defined therein.
(c) As used in this Agreement and in any certificate or other document
made or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto, accounting terms not defined in
this Agreement or in any such certificate or other document, and accounting
terms partly defined in this Agreement or in any such certificate or other
document to the extent not defined, shall have the respective meanings given
to them under generally accepted accounting principles. To the extent that
the definitions of accounting terms in this Agreement or in any such
certificate or other document are inconsistent with the meanings of such
terms under generally accepted accounting principles, the definitions
contained in this Agreement or in any such certificate or other document
shall control.
(d) The words "hereof," "herein," "hereunder" and words of similar
import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole
and not to any particular provision of this Agreement; Article, Section,
Schedule and Exhibit references contained in this Agreement are references to
Articles, Sections, Schedules and Exhibits in or to this Agreement unless
otherwise specified; and the term "including" shall mean "including without
limitation."
(e) The definitions contained in this Agreement are applicable to the
singular as well as the plural forms of such terms and to the masculine as
well as to the feminine and neuter genders of such terms.
(f) Any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred to herein
or in any instrument or certificate delivered in connection herewith means
such agreement, instrument or statute as from time to time amended, modified
or supplemented and includes (in the case of agreements or instruments)
references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein;
references to a Person are also to its permitted successors and assigns.
Section 1.03. Interest Calculation. Unless otherwise specified, all
--------------------
calculations of accrued interest and accrued fees shall be made on the basis
of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months, except that with
respect to the Class A-1 Notes, calculations of accrued interest shall be
made on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in
each Accrual Period.
ARTICLE II
CONVEYANCE OF THE HOME LOANS
Section 2.01. Conveyance of the Initial Home Loans. (a) As of the
------------------------------------
Closing Date, in consideration of the Issuer's delivery of the Notes and the
Residual Interest Certificate to the Seller or its designee, upon the order
of the Seller, the Seller, as of the Closing Date and concurrently with the
execution and delivery hereof, does hereby sell, transfer, assign, set over
and otherwise convey to the Issuer, without recourse, but subject to the
other terms and provisions of this Agreement, all of the right, title and
interest of the Seller in and to the Trust Estate and the Certificate
Distribution Account. The foregoing sale, transfer, assignment, set over and
conveyance does not and is not intended to result in a creation or an
assumption by the Issuer of any obligation of the Seller, the Transferor or
any other Person in connection with the Trust Estate or under any agreement
or instrument relating thereto except as specifically set forth herein.
(b) As of the Closing Date, the Issuer acknowledges the conveyance to
it by the Seller of all of the Seller's right, title and interest in and to
the Trust Estate, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged by the Issuer.
Concurrently with such delivery, the Issuer has pledged to the Indenture
Trustee the Trust Estate, and in exchange for the conveyance to it by the
Seller of all of the Seller's right, title and interest in and to the Trust
Estate (i) the Owner Trustee (not in its individual capacity, but solely as
Owner Trustee on behalf of the Issuer) has executed the Notes and (ii) the
Issuer has caused the Indenture Trustee to authenticate and deliver the Notes
to the Seller or its designee, upon the order of the Issuer. In addition,
concurrently with the delivery to the Issuer of all of the Seller's right,
title and interest in and to the Trust Estate and in exchange therefor, the
Owner Trustee, pursuant to the instructions of the Seller, has executed (not
in its individual capacity, but solely as Owner Trustee on behalf of the
Issuer) and caused to be authenticated and delivered the Residual Interest
Certificate to the Seller or its designee, upon the order of the Seller.
Section 2.02. (Reserved)
Section 2.03. Ownership and Possession of Home Loan Files. Upon the
-------------------------------------------
issuance of the Securities, with respect to the Initial Home Loans, and upon
payment of the related Subsequent Purchase Price, with respect to the
Subsequent Home Loans, the ownership of each Debt Instrument, the related
Mortgage and the contents of the related Servicer's Home Loan File and the
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File shall be vested in the Issuer, subject to
the lien created by the Indenture in favor of the Indenture Trustee for the
benefit of the Securityholders, although possession of the Servicer's Home
Loan Files (other than items required to be maintained in the Indenture
Trustee's Home Loan Files) on behalf of the Indenture Trustee and for the
benefit of the Securityholders shall remain with the Servicer, and the
Custodian shall take possession of the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan Files as
contemplated in Section 2.06.
Section 2.04. Books and Records. The sale of each Home Loan shall be
-----------------
reflected on the Seller's balance sheets and other financial statements as a
sale of assets by the Seller to the Issuer under generally accepted
accounting principles ("GAAP"). The Servicer shall be responsible for
maintaining, and shall maintain, a complete set of books and records for each
Home Loan which shall be clearly marked to reflect the record ownership of
each Home Loan by the Issuer, subject to the lien created by the Indenture in
favor of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Securityholders.
It is the intention of the parties hereto that the transfers and
assignments contemplated by this Agreement shall constitute a sale of the
Trust Estate from the Seller to the Issuer and upon the execution of this
Agreement by the parties hereto, the Trust Estate shall no longer be owned by
the Seller. If the assignment, transfer and conveyance of the Trust Estate
to the Issuer pursuant to this Agreement is held or deemed not to be a sale
or is held or deemed to be a pledge of security for a loan, the Seller
intends that the rights and obligations of the parties to this Agreement
shall be established by the terms of this Agreement and that, in such event,
(i) the Seller shall be deemed to have granted to the Issuer a first priority
security interest in the entire right, title and interest of the Seller in
and to the Trust Estate and all proceeds thereof, and (ii) this Agreement
shall constitute a security agreement under applicable law. Prior to or
promptly after the Closing Date, the Seller shall cause to be filed a UCC-1
financing statement with the Secretary of State of Delaware naming the Seller
as "debtor" and the Issuer as "secured party" and describing the Trust
Estate.
Section 2.05. Delivery of Home Loan Documents.
-------------------------------
(a) With respect to each Initial Home Loan, on the Closing Date the
Transferor and the Seller have delivered or caused to be delivered, and with
respect to each Subsequent Home Loan, on the related Subsequent Transfer
Dates, the Transferor and the Seller will deliver or will cause to be
delivered, to the Custodian as the designated agent of the Indenture Trustee
each of the following documents (collectively, the "Home Loan Files"):
(i) The original Debt Instrument, endorsed "Pay to the order
of U.S. Bank National Association, as Indenture Trustee for the
FIRSTPLUS Asset Backed Securities, Series 1998-1, without recourse" and
signed, by facsimile or manual signature, in the name of the Seller by a
Responsible Officer thereof, together with all intervening endorsements
that evidence a complete chain of title from the originator thereof to
the Transferor; provided that any of the foregoing endorsements may be
contained on an allonge which shall be firmly affixed to such Debt
Instrument;
(ii) With respect to each Debt Instrument, either: (A) the
original Mortgage, with evidence of recording thereon, (B) a copy of the
Mortgage certified as a true copy by a Responsible Officer of the
Transferor or by the closing attorney, if the original has been
transmitted for recording but has not, at the time of delivery of this
Agreement, been returned or (C) a copy of the Mortgage certified by the
public recording office in those instances where the original recorded
Mortgage has been lost or has been retained by the public recording
office;
(iii) With respect to each Debt Instrument, either (A) the
original Assignment of Mortgage assigned to "U.S. Bank National
Association, as Indenture Trustee for the FIRSTPLUS Asset Backed
Securities, Series 1998-1" and signed in the name of the Transferor by a
Responsible Officer with evidence of recording thereon, (B) a copy of
the Assignment of Mortgage, certified as a true copy by a Responsible
Officer of the Transferor where the original has been transmitted for
recording but has not, at the time of delivery of this Agreement, been
returned or (C) a copy of the Assignment of Mortgage certified by the
public recording office in those instances where the original recorded
Assignment of Mortgage has been lost or has been retained by the public
recording office (provided, however, that where the original Assignment
of Mortgage is not being delivered to the Custodian, such Responsible
Officer may complete one or more blanket certificates attaching copies
of one or more Assignments of Mortgage relating thereto); provided that
any such Assignments of Mortgage may
--------
be made by blanket assignments for Home Loans secured by Mortgaged Properties
located in the same county, if permitted by applicable law; provided,
--------
however, that the recordation of such Assignment of Mortgage shall not be
required in Non-Recordation States;
(iv) With respect to each Debt Instrument, either: (A)
originals of all intervening assignments of the Mortgage, with evidence
of recording thereon, (B) if the original intervening assignments have
not yet been returned from the recording office, a copy of the originals
of such intervening assignments together with a certificate of a
Responsible Officer of the Transferor or the closing attorney certifying
that the copy is a true copy of the original of such intervening
assignments or (C) a copy of the intervening assignment certified by the
public recording office in those instances where the original recorded
intervening assignment has been lost or has been retained by the public
recording office; provided that the chain of intervening recorded
assignments shall not be required to match the chain of intervening
endorsements of the Debt Instrument, so long as the chain of intervening
recorded assignments, if applicable, evidences one or more assignments
of the Mortgage from the original mortgagee ultimately to the person who
has executed the Assignment of Mortgage referred to in clause (iii)
above; and
(v) Originals of all assumption and modification agreements,
if any, or a copy certified as a true copy by a Responsible Officer of
the Transferor if the original has been transmitted for recording until
such time as the original is returned by the public recording office.
(b) The Seller agrees to deliver or cause to be delivered on or before
the applicable Subsequent Transfer Date to the Custodian each of the
documents identified in paragraphs (i) through (v) of subsection (a) above
with respect to any Subsequent Home Loans.
(c) With respect to each Home Loan, the Transferor shall, within five
Business Days after the receipt thereof, and in any event, within nine (9)
months of the Closing Date (in the case of the Initial Home Loans) or the
related Subsequent Transfer Date (in the case of the Subsequent Home Loans),
deliver or cause to be delivered to the Custodian: (i) the original recorded
Mortgage in those instances where a copy thereof certified by the Transferor
was delivered to the Custodian; (ii) the original recorded Assignment of
Mortgage, except with respect to Non-Recordation States; (iii) any original
recorded intervening assignments of Mortgage in those instances where copies
thereof certified by the Transferor were delivered to the Custodian; and (iv)
the original recorded assumption and modification agreement in those
instances in which a copy was delivered. Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary contained in this Section 2.05, in those instances where the public
recording office retains the original Mortgage or, if applicable, the
Assignment of Mortgage, the intervening assignments of the Mortgage or the
original recorded assumption and modification agreement after it has been
recorded, or where any such original has been lost or destroyed, the Seller
and Transferor shall be deemed to have satisfied their respective obligations
hereunder with respect to the delivery of any such document upon delivery to
the Custodian of a copy, as certified by the public recording office to be a
true copy of the recorded original of such Mortgage or, if applicable, the
Assignment of Mortgage, intervening assignments of Mortgage or assumption and
modification agreement, respectively.
The Transferor and the Seller shall not be required to record
Assignments of Mortgages for any Home Loan with respect to which the related
Mortgaged Property is located in a Non-Recordation State, and the delivery of
the Assignments of Mortgages for such Home Loans to the Custodian in
recordable form on the Closing Date or Subsequent Transfer Date, as
applicable, shall constitute full compliance with subsection (a)(iii) above
and the Transferor, in its capacity as Servicer, shall retain record title to
such Mortgages on behalf of the Indenture Trustee and the holders of the
Securities. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions allowing for the non-
recordation of Assignments of Mortgage in the Non-Recordation States, if an
Event of Default occurs pursuant to clause (a)(vii) of Section 10.01 or the
Transferor, as the Servicer, is terminated hereunder, then the Transferor, in
its capacity as the Servicer or predecessor Servicer, shall be required to
record all Assignments of Mortgage in Non-Recordation States.
(d) All Home Loan documents held by the Custodian on behalf of the
Indenture Trustee are referred to herein as the "Indenture Trustee's Home
Loan File." All recordings required pursuant to this Section 2.05 shall be
accomplished by and at the expense of the Transferor.
Section 2.06. Acceptance by Indenture Trustee of the Home Loans;
--------------------------------------------------
Certain Substitutions; Initial Certification by Custodian. (a) The
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Indenture Trustee agrees to cause the Custodian to execute and deliver on the
Closing Date an acknowledgment of receipt of the Indenture Trustee's Home
Loan File for each Initial Home Loan, and the Indenture Trustee agrees to
cause the Custodian to execute and deliver on any Subsequent Transfer Date an
acknowledgment of receipt of the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File for each
Subsequent Home Loan. The Indenture Trustee declares that it will cause the
Custodian to hold such documents and any amendments, replacements or
supplements thereto, as well as any other assets included in the Trust Estate
and delivered to the Custodian in trust, upon and subject to the conditions
set forth herein for the benefit of the Securityholders. The Indenture
Trustee agrees, for the benefit of the Securityholders, to cause the
Custodian to review each Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File within 45 days
after the Closing Date (or, with respect to any Qualified Substitute Home
Loan or Subsequent Home Loan, within 45 days after the conveyance of the
related Home Loan to the Issuer) and to cause the Custodian to deliver to the
Transferor, the Seller, the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Servicer an
interim certification to the effect that, as to each Home Loan listed in the
Home Loan Schedule and as to each Subsequent Home Loan Listed in a Subsequent
Home Loan Schedule (other than any Home Loan paid in full or any Home Loan
specifically identified in such certification as not covered by such
certification), (i) all documents required to be delivered to the Indenture
Trustee pursuant to this Agreement are in its possession or in the possession
of the Custodian on its behalf (other than as expressly permitted by
Section 2.05(c)) (ii) all documents delivered by the Seller and the
Transferor to the Custodian pursuant to Section 2.05 have been reviewed by
the Custodian and have not been mutilated or damaged and appear regular on
their face (handwritten additions, changes or corrections shall not
constitute irregularities if initialed by the Obligor) and relate to such
Home Loan, (iii) based on the examination of the Custodian on behalf of the
Indenture Trustee, and only as to the foregoing documents, the information
set forth on the Home Loan Schedule accurately reflects the information set
forth in the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File and (iv) each Debt Instrument
has been endorsed as provided in Section 2.05. Neither the Issuer nor the
Custodian shall be under any duty or obligation (i) to inspect, review or
examine any such documents, instruments, certificates or other papers to
determine that they are genuine, enforceable, or appropriate for the
represented purpose or that they are other than what they purport to be on
their face or (ii) to determine whether any Indenture Trustee's Home Loan
File should include any of the documents specified in Section 2.05(a)(v).
Prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date, the Indenture Trustee
shall cause the Custodian to deliver to the Transferor, the Seller, the
Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Servicer a final certification
evidencing the completeness of the Home Loans in its possession or control.
(b) If the Custodian, during the process of reviewing the Indenture
Trustee's Home Loan Files, finds any document constituting a part of a
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File which is not executed, has not been
received, is unrelated to any Home Loan identified in the Home Loan Schedule,
does not conform to the requirements of Section 2.05 or does not conform, in
all material respects, to the description thereof as set forth in the Home
Loan Schedule, then the Custodian shall promptly so notify the Transferor,
the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Seller. In
performing any such review, the Custodian may conclusively rely on the Seller
and the Transferor as to the purported genuineness of any such document and
any signature thereon. It is understood that the scope of the Custodian's
review of the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan Files is limited solely to
confirming that the documents listed in Section 2.05 have been received and
further confirming that any and all documents delivered pursuant to Section
2.05 have been executed and relate to the Home Loans identified in the Home
Loan Schedule and to the Subsequent Home Loans listed in the Subsequent Home
Loan Schedule. Neither the Issuer nor the Custodian shall have any
responsibility for determining whether any document is valid and binding,
whether the text of any assignment or endorsement is in proper or recordable
form, whether any document has been recorded in accordance with the
requirements of any applicable jurisdiction, or whether a blanket assignment
is permitted in any applicable jurisdiction. If a material defect in a
document constituting part of a Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File is
discovered, then the Seller and Transferor shall comply with the cure,
substitution and repurchase provisions of Section 3.05 hereof.
(c) On the Payment Date in March of each year commencing in 1998, the
Issuer shall deliver (or cause the Custodian to deliver) to the Seller, the
Indenture Trustee and the Servicer a certification listing all Indenture
Trustee's Home Loan Files held by the Custodian on behalf of the Indenture
Trustee on such Payment Date.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
Section 3.01. Representations and Warranties of the Seller. The Seller
--------------------------------------------
hereby represents, warrants and covenants with and to the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee, the Servicer and the Securityholders as of the Closing
Date:
(a) The Seller is a corporation duly organized, validly existing, and
in good standing under the laws of the State of Nevada and has all licenses
necessary to carry on its business as now being conducted and is licensed,
qualified and in good standing in each Mortgaged Property State if the laws
of such state require licensing or qualification in order to conduct business
of the type conducted by the Seller and perform its obligations as Seller
hereunder except where the failure to be so licensed, qualified or in good
standing, either singularly or in the aggregate, would not have a material
adverse effect on its business or its ability to perform its obligations
hereunder; the Seller has the power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement and to perform in accordance herewith; the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement (including all instruments of transfer to be
delivered pursuant to this Agreement) by the Seller and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by
all necessary action of the Seller; this Agreement evidences the valid,
binding and enforceable obligation of the Seller; and all requisite action
has been taken by the Seller to make this Agreement valid, binding and
enforceable upon the Seller in accordance with its terms, subject to the
effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other,
similar laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally or the
application of equitable principles in any proceeding, whether at law or in
equity.
(b) All actions, approvals, consents, waivers, exemptions, variances,
franchises, orders, permits, authorizations, rights and licenses required to
be taken, given or obtained, as the case may be, by or from any federal,
state or other governmental authority or agency (other than any such actions,
approvals, etc. under any state securities laws, real estate syndication or
"Blue Sky" statutes, as to which the Seller makes no such representation or
warranty) that are necessary in connection with the purchase and sale of the
Securities and the execution and delivery by the Seller of this Agreement and
the other related documents to which it is a party, have been duly taken,
given or obtained, as the case may be, are in full force and effect, are not
subject to any pending proceedings or appeals (administrative, judicial or
otherwise) and either the time within which any appeal therefrom may be taken
or review thereof may be obtained has expired or no review thereof may be
obtained or appeal therefrom taken, and are adequate to authorize the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and such
other documents on the part of the Seller and the performance by the Seller
of its obligations as Seller under this Agreement and such other documents to
which it is a party.
(c) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
will not result in (i) the breach of any terms or provisions of the Articles
of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Seller, (ii) the breach of any term or
provision of, or conflict with or constitute a default under or result in the
acceleration of any obligation under, any material agreement, indenture or
loan or credit agreement or other material instrument to which the Seller, or
its property is subject, or (iii) the violation of any law, rule,
regulation, order, judgment or decree to which the Seller or its respective
property is subject.
(d) Neither this Agreement nor the Prospectus nor any statement, report
or other document prepared by the Seller and furnished or to be furnished
pursuant to this Agreement or in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereby contains any untrue statement of material fact or omits
to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or
therein not misleading.
(e) There is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation pending or,
to the best of the Seller's knowledge, threatened against the Seller which,
either in any one instance or in the aggregate, may result in any material
adverse change in the business, operations, financial condition, properties
or assets of the Seller or in any material impairment of the right or ability
of the Seller to carry on its business substantially as now conducted, or in
any material liability on the part of the Seller or which would draw into
question the validity of this Agreement or the Home Loans or of any action
taken or to be taken in connection with the obligations of the Seller
contemplated herein, or which would be likely to impair materially the
ability of the Seller to perform under the terms of this Agreement.
(f) The Seller is not in default with respect to any order or decree of
any court or any order, regulation or demand of any federal, state, municipal
or other governmental agency, which default might have consequences that
would materially and adversely affect the condition (financial or otherwise)
or operations of the Seller or its properties or might have consequences that
would materially and adversely affect its performance hereunder.
(g) As of the Closing Date, the Issuer will have good and marketable
title to each Initial Home Loan and such other assets included in the Trust
Estate as of such date free and clear of any lien, mortgage, pledge, charge,
security interest or other encumbrance other than the lien of the Indenture.
(h) As of each Subsequent Transfer Date, the Issuer will have good and
marketable title to each Subsequent Home Loan transferred on such date and
such other items comprising the corpus of the Trust free and clear of any
lien, mortgage, pledge, charge, security interest or other encumbrance.
(i) The transfer, assignment and conveyance of the Home Loans, the Debt
Instruments and the Mortgages by the Seller pursuant to this Agreement or any
Subsequent Transfer Agreement are not subject to the bulk transfer laws or
any similar statutory provisions in effect in any applicable jurisdiction.
(j) The Seller shall provide each Rating Agency with notice and a copy
of any amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the Seller promptly
after the filing thereof.
Section 3.02. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Servicer
---------------------------------------------------------
and Transferor. The Servicer as such and in its capacity as the Transferor
- --------------
hereby represents, warrants and covenants with and to the Seller, the Issuer,
the Indenture Trustee and the Securityholders as of the Closing Date:
(a) The Servicer is a corporation duly organized, validly existing, and
in good standing under the laws of the State of Texas and has all licenses
necessary to carry on its business as now being conducted and is licensed,
qualified and in good standing in each Mortgaged Property State if the laws
of such state require licensing or qualification in order to conduct business
of the type conducted by the Servicer and perform its obligations as Servicer
hereunder except where the failure to be so licensed, qualified or in good
standing, either singularly or in the aggregate, would not have a material
adverse effect on its business or its ability to perform its obligations
hereunder; the Servicer has the power and authority to execute and deliver
this Agreement and to perform in accordance herewith; the execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement (including all instruments of transfer to
be delivered pursuant to this Agreement) by the Servicer and the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized
by all necessary action of the Servicer; this Agreement evidences the valid,
binding and enforceable obligation of the Servicer; and all requisite action
has been taken by the Servicer to make this Agreement valid, binding and
enforceable upon the Servicer in accordance with its terms, subject to the
effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other,
similar laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally or the
application of equitable principles in any proceeding, whether at law or in
equity;
(b) All actions, approvals, consents, waivers, exemptions, variances,
franchises, orders, permits, authorizations, rights and licenses required to
be taken, given or obtained, as the case may be, by or from any federal,
state or other governmental authority or agency (other than any such actions,
approvals, etc. under any state securities laws, real estate syndication or
"Blue Sky" statutes, as to which the Servicer makes no such representation or
warranty) that are necessary in connection with the execution and delivery by
the Servicer of this Agreement and the other related documents to which it is
a party, have been duly taken, given or obtained, as the case may be, are in
full force and effect, are not subject to any pending proceedings or appeals
(administrative, judicial or otherwise) and either the time within which any
appeal therefrom may be taken or review thereof may be obtained has expired
or no review thereof may be obtained or appeal therefrom taken, and are
adequate to authorize the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement and such other documents on the part of the Servicer and the
performance by the Servicer of its obligations as Servicer under this
Agreement and such other documents to which it is a party;
(c) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
will not result in (i) the breach of any terms or provisions of the charter
or by-laws of the Servicer, (ii) the breach of any term or provision of, or
conflict with or constitute a default under or result in the acceleration of
any obligation under, any material agreement, indenture or loan or credit
agreement or other material instrument to which the Servicer or its property
is subject, or (iii) the violation of any law, rule, regulation, order,
judgment or decree to which the Servicer or its property is subject;
(d) Neither this Agreement nor the Prospectus nor any statement, report
or other document prepared by the Servicer and furnished or to be furnished
pursuant to this Agreement or in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereby contains any untrue statement of material fact or omits
to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or
therein not misleading;
(e) There is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation pending or,
to the best of the Servicer's knowledge, threatened against the Servicer
which, either in any one instance or in the aggregate, may result in any
material adverse change in the business, operations, financial condition,
properties or assets of the Servicer or in any material impairment of the
right or ability of the Servicer to carry on its business substantially as
now conducted, or in any material liability on the part of the Servicer or
which would draw into question the validity of this Agreement or the Home
Loans or of any action taken or to be taken in connection with the
obligations of the Servicer contemplated herein, or which would be likely to
impair materially the ability of the Servicer to perform under the terms of
this Agreement;
(f) The Servicer is not in default with respect to any order or decree
of any court or any order, regulation or demand of any federal, state,
municipal or other governmental agency, which default might have consequences
that would materially and adversely affect the condition (financial or
otherwise) or operations of the Servicer or its properties or might have
consequences that would materially and adversely affect its performance
hereunder;
(g) So long as FFI is the Servicer of the Home Loans hereunder, the
Servicer's Home Loan Files will be maintained at 1600 Viceroy, Dallas, Texas
75235, or, if FFI is no longer the Servicer hereunder or if FFI changes the
location of the Servicer's Home Loan Files, the Servicer's Home Loan Files
shall be maintained at such address as may be indicated on an Officer's
Certificate executed by a Servicing Officer and delivered to the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee and the Seller;
(h) The Servicer shall not solicit any refinancing of any of the Home
Loans; provided, that this covenant shall not prevent or restrict either (1)
the Servicer from making general solicitations, by mail, advertisement or
otherwise of the general public or persons on a targeted list, so long as the
list was not generated from the Home Loan Schedule or (2) any refinancing in
connection with an Obligor's unsolicited request for refinancing; and
(i) The Servicer shall not sell, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose
of a customer or similar list comprised of the names of the Obligors under
the Home Loans to any third party.
Section 3.03. Individual Home Loans. The Transferor hereby represents
---------------------
and warrants to the Seller, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the
Securityholders, with respect to the Initial Home Loans, as of the Closing
Date:
(a) Home Loan Information. The information with respect to each Home
---------------------
Loan set forth in the Home Loan Schedule is true and correct in all material
respects as of the applicable Cut-Off Date.
(b) Delivery of Home Loan Documents. All of the original or certified
-------------------------------
documentation required to be delivered to the Indenture Trustee or to the
Custodian on or prior to the Closing Date or the Subsequent Transfer Date, as
applicable, or as otherwise provided in this Agreement has or will be so
delivered.
(c) Payments Current. As of the applicable Cut-Off Date, none of the
----------------
Initial Home Loans are more than 30 days contractually delinquent, based on
the terms under which the related Mortgages and Debt Instruments have been
made. The Transferor has not advanced funds, or induced, solicited or
knowingly received any advance of funds from a party other than the related
Obligor, directly or indirectly, for the payment of any amount required by
any Home Loan.
(d) No Waiver or Modification. The terms of each Debt Instrument and
-------------------------
Mortgage, have not been impaired, waived, altered or modified in any respect,
except by written instruments reflected in the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan
File and no provision of any Mortgage or Debt Instrument has been "whited
out" or erased unless such modification has been initialed by each of the
parties to the related Home Loan. No instrument of waiver, alteration,
modification or assumption has been executed except for the instruments that
are part of the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File and the terms of which are
reflected in the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File.
(e) No Defenses. No Debt Instrument or Mortgage is subject to any
-----------
claim, set-off, counterclaim or defense, including the defense of usury, nor
will the operation of any of the terms of any Debt Instrument or Mortgage or
the exercise of any right thereunder, render such Debt Instrument or Mortgage
unenforceable, in whole or in part, or subject to any claim, right of
rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense, including the defense of usury,
and no such claim, right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense has
been asserted in any proceeding or was asserted in any state or federal
bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding at the time the related Home Loan was
originated.
(f) Compliance with Laws; Relief Act Matters. Any and all requirements
----------------------------------------
of any federal, state or local law applicable to each Home Loan have been
complied with including, without limitation, all licensing, real estate
settlement procedures act, consumer, usury, truth-in-lending, consumer credit
protection, equal credit opportunity or disclosure laws applicable to each
Home Loan. Each Home Loan was originated in compliance with all applicable
laws and no fraud or misrepresentation was committed by any Person in
connection therewith. No relief has been requested by or allowed to an
Obligor under the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940.
(g) No Satisfaction or Release of Lien. No Mortgage has been
----------------------------------
satisfied, canceled, subordinated or rescinded, in whole or in part. No
Mortgaged Property has been released from the lien of the related Mortgage in
whole or in part, nor has any instrument been executed that would effect any
such release, cancellation, subordination or rescission, other than the
subordination of the lien of such Mortgage securing a Home Loan with respect
to a Superior Lien on such Mortgaged Property in connection with the
refinancing of the mortgage loan relating to such Superior Lien.
(h) Valid Lien. With respect to each Debt Instrument, the related
----------
Mortgage is or creates a valid, subsisting and enforceable lien on the
related Mortgaged Property.
(i) Validity of Home Loan Documents; Entire Agreement. Each Debt
-------------------------------------------------
Instrument and each Mortgage is genuine and each is the legal, valid and
binding obligation of the Obligor thereof, enforceable in accordance with its
terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights
in general and by general principles of equity. All parties to each Debt
Instrument and each Mortgage had legal capacity at the time to enter into the
related Home Loan and to execute and deliver such Debt Instrument and
Mortgage, and such Debt Instrument and Mortgage have been duly and properly
executed by such parties. The Debt Instrument and the Mortgage contain the
entire agreement between the related Obligor and the lender and all
obligations of the lender under the related Home Loan, and no other agreement
defines, modifies, or expands the obligations of the lender under the Home
Loan, except for any assumptions or modifications included in the Indenture
Trustee's Home Loan File pursuant to Section 2.05(a)(v) or referred to in
Section 3.03(m).
(j) Full Disbursement of Proceeds. The proceeds of each Home Loan have
-----------------------------
been fully disbursed and there is no requirement for future advances
thereunder. All costs, fees and expenses incurred in making or closing each
Home Loan and the recording of the Mortgage have been disbursed. The Obligor
is not entitled to any refund of any amounts paid or due under the Debt
Instrument or any related Mortgage and any and all requirements set forth in
the related Home Loan documents have been complied with.
(k) Ownership. Immediately prior to the conveyance thereof to the
---------
Seller, the Transferor had good and marketable title to each Home Loan, Debt
Instrument and Mortgage, the Transferor was the sole owner thereof and had
full right to sell each Home Loan, Debt Instrument and Mortgage to the
Seller; and upon the conveyance thereof by the Transferor to the Seller, the
Seller became the sole owner of each Home Loan, Debt Instrument and Mortgage
free and clear of any encumbrance, equity, lien, pledge, charge, claim or
security interest.
(l) Ownership of Mortgaged Property. With respect to each Home Loan,
-------------------------------
the related Servicer's Home Loan File contains a title document reflecting
that title to the related Mortgaged Property is held at least 50% by the
Obligor under such Home Loan.
(m) No Defaults. There is no default, breach, violation or event of
-----------
acceleration existing under any Mortgage or any Debt Instrument and, to the
best of the Transferor's knowledge, there is no event which, with the passage
of time or with notice and/or the expiration of any grace or cure period,
would constitute such a default, breach, violation or event of acceleration
and neither the Transferor nor its predecessors have waived any such default,
breach, violation or event of acceleration, except as set forth in an
instrument of waiver, alteration, modification or assumption that is included
in the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File.
(n) Consent and Delinquency of Superior Lien. No obligation secured
----------------------------------------
by a Superior Lien was more than 30 days past due at the time of origination
of the related Home Loan. With respect to each Home Loan that is not a first
mortgage loan, either (i) no consent for the Home Loan is required by the
holder of the related prior lien or (ii) such consent has been obtained and
has been delivered to the Indenture Trustee.
(o) No Condemnation or Damage; Good Repair. To the best of the
--------------------------------------
Transferor's knowledge, the physical condition of each Mortgaged Property has
not deteriorated since the date of origination of the related Home Loan
(normal wear and tear excepted) and there is no proceeding pending for the
total or partial condemnation of any Mortgaged Property. To the best of the
Transferor's knowledge, the related Mortgaged Property described in each
Mortgage is free of damage and in good repair or will be free of damage and
in good repair following the completion of any improvements or repairs to be
financed by the related Home Loan.
(p) Environmental Compliance. To the best of the Transferor's
------------------------
knowledge, the Mortgaged Property is free from any and all toxic or hazardous
substances and there exists no violation of any local, state or federal
environmental law, rule or regulation.
(q) Mortgage Remedies Adequate. Each Mortgage contains customary and
--------------------------
enforceable provisions such as to render the rights and remedies of the
holder thereof adequate for the realization against the related Mortgaged
Property of the benefits of the security provided thereby, including, (i) in
the case of a Mortgage designated as a deed of trust, by trustee's sale, and
(ii) otherwise, by judicial foreclosure.
(r) Remedies Against Originators. In the event that any Home Loan was
----------------------------
originated by an entity (such entity, the "Originator") other than the
Transferor and to the extent that the Transferor has failed to fulfill or is
not capable of fulfilling its obligations to cure, substitute or repurchase
such Home Loan as required hereunder, then the Indenture Trustee on behalf of
the Securityholders may enforce any remedies for breach of representations
and warranties made by the Originator with respect to such Home Loan.
(s) Security. No Debt Instrument is, or has been, secured by any
--------
collateral except the lien of the related Mortgage.
(t) Deed of Trust. If a Mortgage for a Home Loan constitutes a deed
-------------
of trust, a trustee, duly qualified under applicable law to serve as such,
has been properly designated and currently so serves as such and is named in
such Mortgage, or a valid substitution of trustee has been recorded or may be
recorded and no extraordinary fees or expenses are, or will become, payable
by the Transferor to the trustee under the deed of trust, except in
connection with default proceedings and a trustee's sale after default by the
related Obligor.
(u) Use of Proceeds of Combination Loan. With respect to each
-----------------------------------
Combination Loan the related Obligor has represented to Seller that a portion
of the proceeds of such Combination Loan will be used to finance property
improvements.
(v) Inspections of Improvements; and No Encroachment. To the best of
------------------------------------------------
the Transferor's knowledge, all inspections, licenses and certificates
required to be made, obtained and issued as of the Closing Date with respect
to the improvements and the use and occupancy of all occupied portions of all
Mortgaged Property have been made, obtained or issued as applicable. To the
best of the Transferor's knowledge, all improvements which were considered in
determining the appraised value of the Mortgaged Property lay wholly within
the boundaries and building restrictions lines of the related property and no
improvements on adjoining properties encroach upon such property and no
improvement located on or being a part of such property is in violation of
any applicable zoning laws or regulation.
(w) Flood Insurance. If required by federal or state law, each
---------------
Mortgaged Property is covered by flood insurance with a standard mortgagee
clause and extended coverage in an amount which is not less than the value of
such Mortgaged Property. All such insurance policies meet the requirements
of the current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration, conform to
the requirements of the FNMA Sellers' Guide and the FNMA Servicers' Guide,
and are of standard type and quality for the locale where the related
Mortgaged Property is located. All acts required to be performed to
preserve the rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee in any such
insurance policies have been performed including, without limitation, any
necessary notifications of insurers and assignments of policies or interests
therein.
(x) Underwriting Origination and Servicing Practices. Each Home Loan,
------------------------------------------------
other than the Home Loans identified on Exhibit D hereto, has been
underwritten or re-underwritten in accordance with the Transferor's then-
current underwriting guidelines. The origination practices used by each
originator of the Home Loans and the servicing and collection practices used
by the Transferor with respect to each Home Loan have been in all material
respects legal, proper, prudent and customary with respect to the loan
origination and servicing business as applicable to the respective loan type.
To the best of the Transferor's knowledge, no fraud or misrepresentation was
committed by any Person in connection with the origination or servicing of
each Home Loan.
(y) Selection Criteria; No Bulk Transfer. The Home Loans were not
------------------------------------
selected by the Transferor for sale to the Seller or the Issuer on any basis
intended to adversely affect the Seller or the Issuer. The sale, transfer,
assignment, conveyance and grant of the Debt Instruments and the Mortgages by
the Transferor to the Seller were not subject to the bulk transfer laws or
any similar statutory provisions in effect in any applicable jurisdiction.
(z) Treasury Regulation Section301.7701. On the Closing Date, each
-----------------------------------
Subsequent Transfer Date and each date of substitution of a Qualified
Substitute Home Loan, 55% or more (by aggregate principal balance) of the
Home Loans do not constitute "real estate mortgages" for the purpose of
---
Treasury Regulation Section301.7701 under the Code. For this purpose a Home
Loan does not constitute a "real estate mortgage" if:
---
(i) The Home Loan is not secured by an interest in real property,
---
or
(ii) The Home Loan is not an "obligation principally secured by an
---
interest in real property." For this purpose an obligation is "principally
secured by an interest in real property" if it satisfies either the test set
------
out in paragraph (1) or the test set out in paragraph (2) below.
(1) The 80-percent test. An obligation is principally secured by
an interest in real property if the fair market value of the
interest in real property securing the obligation
(A) was at least equal to 80 percent of the adjusted issue
price of the obligation at the time the obligation was
originated (or, if later, the time the obligation was
significantly modified); or
(B) is at least equal to 80 percent of the adjusted issue
price of the obligation on the Closing Date or Subsequent
Transfer Date, as applicable.
For purposes of this paragraph (1), the fair market value of
the real property interest must be first reduced by the amount
of any lien on the real property interest that is senior to
the obligation being tested, and must be further reduced by a
proportionate amount of any lien that is in parity with the
obligation being tested, in each case before the percentages
set forth in (1)(A) and (1)(B) are determined. The adjusted
issue price of an obligation is its issue price plus the
amount of accrued original issue discount, if any, as of the
date of determination.
(2) Alternative test. An obligation is principally secured by an
interest in real property if substantially all of the proceeds
of the obligation were used to acquire or to improve or
protect an interest in real property that, at the origination
date, is the only security for the obligation. For purposes
of this test, loan guarantees made by the United States or any
state (or any political subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality of the United States or of any state), or
other third party credit enhancement are not viewed as
additional security for a loan. An obligation is not
considered to be secured by property other than real property
solely because the obligor is personally liable on the
obligation. For this purpose only substantially all of the
proceeds of the obligation means more than 66-2/3% of the
gross proceeds.
(aa) No Fraudulent Conveyance. The Home Loans are not being transferred
------------------------
with any intent to hinder, delay or defraud any creditors.
(ab) Value and Marketability. To the best of the Transferor's
-----------------------
knowledge, there do not exist any circumstances, conditions or information
with respect to the Home Loan, the related Mortgaged Property, the Obligor or
the Obligor's credit standing that reasonably can be expected to cause
private institutional investors investing in same type of home loan to regard
such Home Loan as an unacceptable investment, to increase the likelihood that
such Home Loan will become delinquent, or adversely affect the value or
marketability of such Home Loan.
(ac) Terms of Home Loans and Interest Method. Each Home Loan is a fixed
---------------------------------------
rate loan. Each Debt Instrument has an original term to maturity of not less
than 24 months nor more than 25 years and three months from the date of
origination. Each Debt Instrument is payable in monthly installments of
principal and interest, with interest payable in arrears, and requires a
monthly payment which is sufficient to amortize the original principal
balance over the original term and to pay interest at the related Home Loan
Interest Rate. No Debt Instrument provides for any extension of the original
term. Interest for each Home Loan is calculated at a rate of interest
computed by the simple interest method or the actuarial method.
(ad) Types of Home Loans; Retail Installment Contracts. Each Home Loan
-------------------------------------------------
is either (i) a Home Improvement Loan, (ii) a Debt Consolidation Loan, or
(iii) a Combination Loan. No Home Loan was originated for the express
purpose of purchasing a manufactured home. Some of the Home Loans are retail
installment contracts for goods or services, and some of the Home Loans are
home improvement loans for goods or services, which are either "consumer
credit contracts" or "purchase money loans" as such terms are defined in
16 C.F.R. Part 433.1.
(ae) No Buydown, GPM or Shared Appreciation Loans. No Home Loan
--------------------------------------------
contains any provisions pursuant to which principal and interest payments are
paid or partially paid with funds deposited in any separate account
established by the Transferor, the Obligor or anyone else on behalf of the
Obligor, or paid by any source other than the Obligor. No Home Loan contains
any other similar provision which may constitute a "buydown" provision. No
Home Loan is a graduated payment mortgage loan. No Home Loan has a shared
appreciation or other contingent interest feature.
(af) No Chattel Paper. Each Debt Instrument is comprised of one
----------------
original promissory note and each such promissory note constitutes an
"instrument" for purposes of Section 9-105(1)(i) of the Relevant UCC. No
Debt Instrument constitutes or is comprised of "chattel paper" as such term
is defined in Section 9-105(1)(b) of the Relevant UCC. Each Debt Instrument
has been delivered to the Indenture Trustee.
(ag) Description Conforms to Prospectus Supplement. Each Initial Home
---------------------------------------------
Loan conforms, and all Initial Home Loans in the aggregate conform, in all
material respects to the description thereof set forth in the Prospectus
Supplement.
(ah) Review by Transferor. In light of the Transferor's underwriting
--------------------
guidelines, the Transferor has reviewed all of the documents constituting
each Servicer's Home Loan File and each Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File
and has made such inquiries as it deems reasonable under the circumstances to
make and confirm the accuracy of the representations set forth herein.
(ai) Fraud in Origination. Each Obligor has not commenced, and will not
--------------------
commence within six months following origination of the related Home Loan,
any bankruptcy or similar insolvency proceeding.
Section 3.04. (Reserved)
Section 3.05. Purchase and Substitution. (a) It is understood and
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agreed that the representations and warranties set forth in Sections 3.03 and
3.04 shall survive the conveyance of the Home Loans to the Issuer, the Grant
of the Home Loans to the Indenture Trustee and the delivery of the Securities
to the Securityholders. Upon discovery by the Seller, the Servicer, the
Transferor, the Custodian, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee or any
Securityholder of a breach of any of such representations and warranties
which materially and adversely affects the value of the Home Loans or the
interest of the Securityholders, or which materially and adversely affects
the interests of the Securityholders in the related Home Loan in the case of
a representation and warranty relating to a particular Home Loan
(notwithstanding that such representation and warranty may have been made to
the Transferor's best knowledge), the party discovering such breach shall
give prompt written notice to the others. The Transferor shall within 60
days of the earlier of its discovery or its receipt of notice of any breach
of a representation or warranty, or of its discovery or its receipt of notice
of a material defect in a document contained in an Indenture Trustee's Home
Loan File as referred to in the last sentence of Section 2.06(b), promptly
cure such breach in all material respects. If, however, within 60 days after
the Seller's discovery of or receipt of notice of such a breach or defective
document, as applicable, such breach or defective document, as applicable,
has not been remedied by the Transferor and such breach or defective
document, as applicable, materially and adversely affects the interests of
the Securityholders generally or in the related Home Loan (the "Defective
Home Loan"), the Seller shall cause the Transferor on or before the
Determination Date next succeeding the end of such 60 day period either
(i) to remove such Defective Home Loan from the Trust Estate (in which case
it shall become a Deleted Home Loan) and substitute one or more Qualified
Substitute Home Loans in the manner and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Section 3.05 or (ii) to purchase such Defective Home Loan at a
purchase price equal to the Purchase Price (as defined below) by depositing
such Purchase Price in the Collection Account. In the event the Seller or
the Transferor is notified that any Mortgaged Property was, as of the Closing
Date, not free of damage or not in good repair, regardless of the
Transferor's knowledge, the Seller shall cause the Transferor to (x)
substitute or purchase the related Home Loan in accordance with clauses (i)
and (ii), respectively, above or (y) repair any such Mortgaged Property such
that such Mortgaged Property is free of damage and in good repair. The
Transferor shall provide the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer
with a certification of a Responsible Officer on the Determination Date next
succeeding the end of such 60 day period indicating whether the Transferor is
purchasing the Defective Home Loan or substituting in lieu of such Defective
Home Loan a Qualified Substitute Home Loan. With respect to the purchase of
a Defective Home Loan pursuant to this Section, the "Purchase Price" shall be
equal to the Principal Balance of such Defective Home Loan as of the date of
purchase, plus all accrued and unpaid interest on such Defective Home Loan to
but not including the Due Date in the Due Period in which such repurchase
occurs computed at the applicable Home Loan Interest Rate, plus the amount of
any unreimbursed Servicing Advances made by the Servicer with respect to such
Defective Home Loan, which Purchase Price shall be deposited in the
Collection Account (after deducting therefrom any amounts received in respect
of such repurchased Defective Home Loan and being held in the Collection
Account for future payment to the extent such amounts represent recoveries of
principal not yet applied to reduce the related Principal Balance or interest
(net of the Servicing Fee) for the period from and after the Due Date in the
Due Period most recently ended prior to such Determination Date).
Any substitution of Home Loans pursuant to this Section 3.05(a) shall be
accompanied by payment by the Transferor of the Substitution Adjustment, if
any, to be deposited in the Collection Account. For purposes of calculating
the Available Collection Amount for any Payment Date, amounts paid by the
Transferor pursuant to this Section 3.05 in connection with the repurchase or
substitution of any Defective Home Loan that are on deposit in the Collection
Account as of the Determination Date for such Payment Date shall be deemed to
have been paid during the related Due Period and shall be transferred to the
Note Payment Account to be retained therein or transferred to the Certificate
Distribution Account pursuant to Section 5.01(c).
As to any Home Loan for which the Transferor substitutes a Qualified
Substitute Home Loan or Loans, the Transferor shall effect such substitution
by delivering (i) to the Issuer a certification executed by a Responsible
Officer of the Transferor to the effect that the Substitution Adjustment has
been credited to the Collection Account, and (ii) to the Custodian on behalf
of the Indenture Trustee, the documents constituting the Indenture Trustee's
Loan File for such Qualified Substitute Home Loan or Loans.
(b) In addition to the preceding repurchase obligations, each of the
Transferor and Servicer shall have the option, exercisable in its sole
discretion at any time, to repurchase from the Issuer any Home Loan that is
delinquent or is in foreclosure or default or as to which default is
imminent; provided that any repurchase pursuant to this paragraph is
conducted in the same manner as the repurchase of a Defective Home Loan
pursuant to this Section 3.05.
(c) The Servicer shall deposit in the Collection Account all payments
received in connection with such Qualified Substitute Home Loan or Loans on
or after the beginning of the Due Period in which such substitution occurs.
All payments received with respect to Qualified Substitute Home Loans on or
before the beginning of the Due Period in which such substitution occurs will
be retained by the Transferor. The Issuer will be entitled to all payments
received on the Deleted Home Loan on or before the beginning of the Due
Period in which such substitution occurs, and the Transferor shall thereafter
be entitled to retain all amounts subsequently received in respect of such
Deleted Home Loan. The Transferor shall give written notice to the Issuer,
the Servicer (if the Transferor is not then acting as such) and the Indenture
Trustee that such substitution has taken place. Upon such substitution,
such Qualified Substitute Home Loan or Loans shall be subject to the terms of
this Agreement in all respects, and the Transferor shall be deemed to have
made with respect to such Qualified Substitute Home Loan or Loans, as of the
date of substitution, the covenants, representations and warranties set forth
in Section 3.03. On the date of such substitution, the Transferor will
deposit into the Collection Account an amount equal to the related
Substitution Adjustment, if any. In addition, on the date of such
substitution, (i) the Issuer shall cause such Qualified Substitute Home Loan
to be pledged to the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture as part of the
Trust Estate and (ii) the Indenture Trustee shall (A) release the applicable
Deleted Home Loan from the lien of the Indenture, (B) release (or cause the
Custodian to release) to the Servicer for release to the Seller the Indenture
Trustee's Home Loan File for such Deleted Home Loan and (C) execute, without
recourse, representation or warranty, and deliver such instruments of
transfer and release presented to it by the Servicer as shall be necessary to
transfer such Deleted Home Loan to the Seller and to evidence such release.
(d) It is understood and agreed that the obligations of the Transferor
set forth in this Section 3.05 to cure, purchase or substitute for a
Defective Home Loan constitute the sole remedies of the Issuer, the Indenture
Trustee and the Securityholders hereunder respecting a breach of the
representations and warranties contained in Sections 3.03 and 3.04. Any
cause of action against the Seller relating to or arising out of a material
defect in a document contained in an Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File as
contemplated by Section 2.06(b) or against the Transferor relating to or
arising out of a breach of any representations and warranties made in
Sections 3.03 or 3.04 shall accrue as to any Home Loan upon (i) discovery of
such defect or breach by any party and notice thereof to the Seller or the
Transferor, as applicable, or notice thereof by the Transferor or the Seller,
as applicable, to the Issuer, (ii) failure by the Transferor or the Seller,
as applicable, to cure such defect or breach or purchase or substitute such
Home Loan as specified above, and (iii) demand upon the Transferor or the
Seller, as applicable, by the Issuer or the Majority Securityholders for all
amounts payable in respect of such Home Loan.
(e) Neither the Issuer nor the Indenture Trustee shall have any duty to
conduct any affirmative investigation other than as specifically set forth in
this Agreement as to the occurrence of any condition requiring the repurchase
or substitution of any Home Loan pursuant to this Section or the eligibility
of any Home Loan for purposes of this Agreement.
(f) In connection with a repurchase of or substitution for a Home Loan
pursuant to this Section 3.05, the Transferor shall amend the Home Loan
Schedule to reflect (i) the removal of the applicable Deleted Home Loan from
the terms of this Agreement and (ii) if applicable, the substitution of the
applicable Qualified Substitute Home Loan. The Transferor shall promptly
deliver to the Issuer, the Servicer (if the Transferor is not then acting as
such) and the Indenture Trustee a copy of the Home Loan Schedule as so
amended.
ARTICLE IV
ADMINISTRATION AND SERVICING OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS
Section 4.01. Duties of the Servicer. (a) Servicing Standard. The
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Servicer, as an independent contractor, shall service and administer the Home
Loans and shall have full power and authority, acting alone, to do any and
all things in connection with such servicing and administration which the
Servicer may deem necessary or desirable and consistent with the terms of
this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein,
the Servicer, in servicing and administering the Home Loans, shall employ or
cause to be employed procedures (including collection, foreclosure,
liquidation and Foreclosure Property management and liquidation procedures)
and exercise the same care that it customarily employs and exercises in
servicing and administering loans of the same type as the Home Loans for its
own account, all in accordance with accepted servicing practices of prudent
lending institutions and servicers of loans of the same type as the Home
Loans and giving due consideration to the Securityholders' reliance on the
Servicer. The Servicer has and shall maintain the facilities, procedures and
experienced personnel necessary to comply with the servicing standard set
forth in this subsection (a) and the duties of the Servicer set forth in this
Agreement relating to the servicing and administration of the Home Loans.
(b) Servicing Advances. In accordance with the preceding general
------------------
servicing standard, the Servicer, or any Subservicer on behalf of the
Servicer, shall make all Servicing Advances in connection with the servicing
of each Home Loan hereunder. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary
herein, neither the Servicer, nor any Subservicer on behalf of the Servicer,
shall have any obligation to advance its own funds for any delinquent
scheduled payments of principal and interest on any Home Loan or to satisfy
or keep current the indebtedness secured by any Superior Liens on the related
Mortgaged Property. No costs incurred by the Servicer or any Subservicer in
respect of Servicing Advances shall, for the purposes of payments or
distributions to Securityholders, be added to the amount owing under the
related Home Loan. Notwithstanding any obligation by the Servicer to make a
Servicing Advance hereunder with respect to a Home Loan, before making any
Servicing Advance that is material in relation to the outstanding principal
balance thereof, the Servicer shall assess the reasonable likelihood of (i)
recovering such Servicing Advance and any prior Servicing Advances for such
Home Loan, and (ii) recovering any amounts attributable to outstanding
interest and principal owing on such Home Loan for the benefit of the
Securityholders in excess of the costs, expenses and other deductions to
obtain such recovery, including without limitation any Servicing Advances
therefor and, if applicable, the outstanding indebtedness secured by all
Superior Liens. The Servicer shall only make a Servicing Advance with
respect to a Home Loan to the extent that the Servicer determines in its
reasonable, good faith judgment that such Servicing Advance would likely be
recovered as aforesaid.
(c) Waivers, Modifications and Extensions. Consistent with the terms
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of this Agreement, the Servicer may waive, modify or vary any provision of
any Home Loan or consent to the postponement of strict compliance with any
such provision or in any manner grant indulgence to any Obligor if in the
Servicer's reasonable determination such waiver, modification, postponement
or indulgence is not materially adverse to the interests of the
Securityholders; provided, however, unless the Obligor is in default with
respect to the Home Loan, or such default is, in the judgment of the
Servicer, reasonably foreseeable, the Servicer may not permit any
modification with respect to any Home Loan that would change the Home Loan
Interest Rate, defer (subject to the following paragraph) or forgive the
payment of any principal or interest (unless in connection with the
liquidation of the related Home Loan) or extend the final maturity date on
the Home Loan. The Servicer may grant a waiver or enter into a subordination
agreement with respect to the refinancing of the indebtedness secured by a
Superior Lien on the related Mortgaged Property, provided that the Obligor is
in a better financial or cash flow position as a result of such refinancing,
which may include a reduction in the Obligor's scheduled monthly payment on
the indebtedness secured by such Superior Lien. The Servicer shall notify
the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee of any modification, waiver or amendment
of any provision of any Home Loan and the date thereof, and shall deliver to
the Custodian for deposit in the related Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File,
an original counterpart of the agreement relating to such modification,
waiver or amendment promptly following the execution thereof.
Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this subsection (c), the
Servicer may modify, vary or waive any defaulted Home Loan in a manner that
in the reasonable judgment of the Servicer will be likely to maximize the net
proceeds realizable from such defaulted Home Loan under the circumstances,
including, without limitation, the deferment or forgiveness of any principal
or interest payments due or to become due thereon; provided, however, that no
such modification, waiver or variation of a Home Loan pursuant to this
subsection (c) shall involve the execution by the related Obligor of a new
Debt Instrument.
The Servicer shall make reasonable efforts to collect all payments
called for under the terms and provisions of each Home Loan and the related
Debt Instrument and Mortgage. Consistent with the foregoing, the Servicer
may in its discretion waive or permit to be waived any late payment charge,
prepayment charge or assumption fee or any other fee or charge which the
Servicer would be entitled to retain hereunder as Servicing Compensation and
extend the due date for payments due on a Debt Instrument for a period.
The Servicer may, in a manner consistent with its servicing practices,
permit an Obligor who is selling his principal residence and purchasing a new
residence to substitute the new Mortgaged Property as collateral for the
related Home Loan. In such circumstances, the Servicer acknowledges that it
intends to, consistent with its servicing practices, generally require such
Obligor to make a partial prepayment in reduction of the principal balance of
the Home Loan to the extent that such Obligor has received proceeds from the
sale of the prior residence that will not be applied to the purchase of the
new residence.
(d) Instruments of Satisfaction or Release. Without limiting the
--------------------------------------
generality of the foregoing, the Servicer is hereby authorized and empowered
to execute and deliver on behalf of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee, each
Securityholder, all instruments of satisfaction or cancellation, or of
partial or full release, discharge and all other comparable instruments, with
respect to the Home Loans and with respect to the related Mortgaged
Properties. If reasonably required by the Servicer, the Issuer and the
Indenture Trustee shall furnish the Servicer with any powers of attorney and
other documents necessary or appropriate to enable the Servicer to carry out
its servicing and administrative duties under this Agreement.
Section 4.02. Liquidation of Home Loans. (a) In the event that any
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payment due under any Home Loan and not postponed pursuant to Section 4.01(c)
is not paid when the same becomes due and payable, or in the event the
Obligor fails to perform any other covenant or obligation under the Home Loan
and such failure continues beyond any applicable grace period, the Servicer
shall, in accordance with the standard of care specified in Section 4.01(a),
take such action as it shall deem to be in the best interest of the
Securityholders to collect or liquidate such Home Loan in default in a manner
that in the reasonable judgment of the Servicer will be likely to maximize
the net proceeds realizable therefrom under the circumstances (including, but
without limitation, the purchase or substitution of such Home Loan pursuant
to Section 3.05, or, if no Superior Liens exist on the related Mortgaged
Property, foreclose or otherwise comparably effect ownership in such
Mortgaged Property in the name of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of
Securityholders). In addition, the Servicer shall have the power and
authority, exercisable in its sole discretion at any time, to sell any
Liquidated Home Loan on behalf of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of
the Securityholders to one or more third party purchasers in a manner that,
in the reasonable judgment of the Servicer, will be likely to maximize the
net proceeds realizable therefrom. The purchase price paid for any
Liquidated Loan sold to an affiliate of the Servicer shall not be less than
the price that would have been paid for such Liquidated Loan by an
unaffiliated third party. The Servicer shall promptly deposit the Net
Liquidation Proceeds or Post-Liquidation Proceeds, as applicable, from the
sale of such Liquidated Home Loans into the Collection Account in accordance
with Section 5.01 of this Agreement. The Servicer shall give the Indenture
Trustee notice of the election of remedies made pursuant to this Section
4.02. The Servicer shall not be required to satisfy the indebtedness secured
by any Superior Liens on the related Mortgaged Property or to advance funds
to keep the indebtedness secured by such Superior Liens current. In
connection with any collection or liquidation activities, the Servicer shall
exercise collection or liquidation procedures with the same degree of care
and skill as it would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct
of its own affairs.
(b) During any Due Period occurring after a Home Loan becomes a
Liquidated Home Loan, the Servicer shall deposit into the Collection Account
any proceeds received by it with respect to such Liquidated Home Loan or the
related Foreclosure Property ("Post-Liquidation Proceeds").
(c) After a Home Loan has become a Liquidated Home Loan, the Servicer
shall promptly prepare and forward to the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and,
upon request of any Securityholder, to such Securityholder a liquidation
report detailing the following: (i) the Net Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance
Proceeds or Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds received in respect of such
Liquidated Home Loan; (ii) expenses incurred with respect thereto; (iii) any
Net Loan Losses incurred in connection therewith; and (iv) any Post-
Liquidation Proceeds.
Section 4.03. Fidelity Bond; Errors and Omission Insurance. The
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Servicer shall maintain with a responsible company, and at its own expense, a
blanket fidelity bond and an errors and omissions insurance policy in such
amounts as required by, and satisfying any other requirements of, the FHA and
the FHLMC, with broad coverage on all officers, employees or other persons
acting in any capacity requiring such persons to handle funds, money,
documents or papers relating to the Home Loans ("Servicer Employees"). Any
such fidelity bond and errors and omissions insurance shall protect and
insure the Servicer against losses, including losses resulting from forgery,
theft, embezzlement, fraud, errors and omissions and negligent acts
(including acts relating to the origination and servicing of loans of the
same type as the Home Loans) of such Servicer Employees. Such fidelity bond
shall also protect and insure the Servicer against losses in connection with
the release or satisfaction of a Home Loan without having obtained payment in
full of the indebtedness secured thereby. In the event of any loss of
principal or interest on a Home Loan for which reimbursement is received from
the Servicer's fidelity bond or errors and omissions insurance, the proceeds
from any such insurance will be deposited in the Collection Account. No
provision of this Section 4.03 requiring such fidelity bond and errors and
omissions insurance shall diminish or relieve the Servicer from its duties
and obligations as set forth in this Agreement. Upon the request of the
Issuer, the Indenture Trustee, the Servicer shall cause to be delivered to
requesting party a certified true copy of such fidelity bond and insurance
policy. On the Closing Date, such fidelity bond and insurance is maintained
by the Servicer with Reliance Insurance Company of Illinois.
Section 4.04. Title, Management and Disposition of Foreclosure
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Property. The deed or certificate of sale in respect of each Foreclosure
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Property shall be taken in the name of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit
of the Securityholders.
The Servicer shall manage, conserve, protect and operate each
Foreclosure Property for the Indenture Trustee and the Securityholders solely
for the purpose of its prudent and prompt disposition and sale. The Servicer
shall, either itself or through an agent selected by the Servicer, manage,
conserve, protect and operate the Foreclosure Property in the same manner
that it manages, conserves, protects and operates other foreclosure property
for its own account, and in the same manner that similar property in the same
locality as the Foreclosure Property is managed. The Servicer shall attempt
to sell the same (and may temporarily lease the same) on such terms and
conditions as the Servicer deems to be in the best interest of the
Securityholders. The disposition of Foreclosure Property shall be carried
out by the Servicer at such price, and upon such terms and conditions, as the
Servicer deems to be in the best interest of the Indenture Trustee and the
Securityholders and, as soon as practicable thereafter, the expenses of such
sale shall be paid. The Net Liquidation Proceeds or Post-Liquidation
Proceeds, as applicable, from the conservation, disposition and sale of the
Foreclosure Property shall be promptly deposited by the Servicer in the
Collection Account in accordance with Section 5.01 of this Agreement and the
Indenture, which Net Liquidation Proceeds or Post-Liquidation Proceeds, as
applicable, shall equal all cash amounts received with respect thereto less
the amounts retained and withdrawn by the Servicer for any related
unreimbursed Servicing Advances and any other fees and expenses incurred in
connection with such Foreclosure Property.
Section 4.05. Access to Certain Documentation and Information Regarding
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the Home Loans. The Servicer shall provide to the Issuer, the Indenture
- --------------
Trustee, the Securityholders and the supervisory agents and examiners of each
of the foregoing access to the documentation regarding the Home Loans
required by applicable state and federal regulations, such access being
afforded without charge but only upon reasonable request and during normal
business hours at the offices of the Servicer designated by it.
Section 4.06. Superior Liens. (a) The Servicer shall file (or cause
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to be filed) of record a request for notice of any action by a lienholder
under a Superior Lien for the protection of the Indenture Trustee's interest,
where permitted by local law and whenever applicable state law does not
require that a junior lienholder be named as a party defendant in foreclosure
proceedings in order to foreclose such junior lienholder's equity of
redemption.
(b) If the Servicer is notified that any lienholder under a Superior
Lien has accelerated or intends to accelerate the obligations secured by such
Superior Lien, or has declared or intends to declare a default under the
related mortgage or promissory note secured thereby, or has filed or intends
to file an election to have any Mortgaged Property sold or foreclosed, the
Servicer shall take, on behalf of the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, all
reasonable actions that are necessary to protect the interests of the
Securityholders, and/or to preserve the security of the related Home Loan,
including making any Servicing Advances that are necessary to cure the
default or reinstate the Superior Lien. The Servicer shall immediately
notify the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee of any such action or
circumstances. Any Servicing Advances by the Servicer pursuant to its
obligations in this Section 4.06 shall comply with requirements set forth in
Section 4.01(b) hereof.
Section 4.07. Subservicing. (a) The Servicer may, with the prior
------------
written consent of the Indenture Trustee and each Rating Agency, enter into
Subservicing Agreements for any servicing and administration of Home Loans
with any institution which is in compliance with the laws of each state
necessary to enable it to perform its obligations under such Subservicing
Agreement and is an Eligible Servicer. The Servicer shall give prior written
notice to the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee of the appointment of any
Subservicer. The Servicer shall be entitled to terminate any Subservicing
Agreement in accordance with the terms and conditions of such Subservicing
Agreement and to either directly service the related Home Loans or enter into
a Subservicing Agreement with a successor subservicer which qualifies
hereunder.
(b) Notwithstanding any Subservicing Agreement, any of the provisions
of this Agreement relating to agreements or arrangements between the Servicer
and a Subservicer or reference to actions taken through a Subservicer or
otherwise, the Servicer shall remain obligated and primarily liable to the
Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and Securityholders for the servicing and
administering of the Home Loans in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement without diminution of such obligation or liability by virtue of
such Subservicing Agreements or arrangements or by virtue of indemnification
from the Subservicer and to the same extent and under the same terms and
conditions as if the Servicer alone were servicing and administering the Home
Loans. For purposes of this Agreement, the Servicer shall be deemed to have
received payments on Home Loans when the Subservicer has actually received
such payments and, unless the context otherwise requires, references in this
Agreement to actions taken or to be taken by the Servicer in servicing the
Home Loans include actions taken or to be taken by a Subservicer on behalf of
the Servicer. The Servicer shall be entitled to enter into any agreement
with a Subservicer for indemnification of the Servicer by such Subservicer,
and nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to limit or modify
such indemnification.
(c) In the event the Servicer shall for any reason no longer be the
Servicer (including by reason of an Event of Default), the successor
Servicer, on behalf of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee, and the
Securityholders pursuant to Section 4.08, shall thereupon assume all of the
rights and obligations of the Servicer under each Subservicing Agreement that
the Servicer may have entered into, unless the successor Servicer elects to
terminate any Subservicing Agreement in accordance with its terms. The
successor Servicer shall be deemed to have assumed all of the Servicer's
interest therein and to have replaced the Servicer as a party to each
Subservicing Agreement to the same extent as if the Subservicing Agreements
had been assigned to the assuming party, except that the Servicer shall not
thereby be relieved of any liability or obligations under the Subservicing
Agreements. The Servicer at its expense and without right of reimbursement
therefor, shall, upon request of the successor Servicer, deliver to the
assuming party all documents and records relating to each Subservicing
Agreement and the Home Loans then being serviced and an accounting of amounts
collected and held by it and otherwise use its best efforts to effect the
orderly and efficient transfer of the Subservicing Agreements to the assuming
party.
(d) As part of its servicing activities hereunder, the Servicer, for
the benefit of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Securityholders,
shall enforce the obligations of each Subservicer under the related
Subservicing Agreement. Such enforcement, including, without limitation, the
legal prosecution of claims and the pursuit of other appropriate remedies,
shall be in such form and carried out to such an extent and at such time as
the Servicer, in its good faith business judgment, would require were it the
owner of the related Home Loans. The Servicer shall pay the costs of such
enforcement at its own expense, and shall be reimbursed therefor only (i)
from a general recovery resulting from such enforcement to the extent, if
any, that such recovery exceeds all amounts due in respect of the related
Home Loan or (ii) from a specific recovery of costs, expenses or attorneys
fees against the party against whom such enforcement is directed.
(e) Any Subservicing Agreement that may be entered into and any other
transactions or services relating to the Home Loans involving a Subservicer
in its capacity as such and not as an originator shall be deemed to be
between the Subservicer and the Servicer alone and none of the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee or the Securityholders shall be deemed parties thereto or
shall have any claims, rights, obligations, duties or liabilities with
respect to the Subservicer in its capacity as such except as set forth in
Section 4.07(c) above.
Section 4.08. Successor Servicers. In the event that the Servicer is
-------------------
terminated pursuant to Section 10.01 hereof, or resigns pursuant to Section
9.04 hereof or otherwise becomes unable to perform its obligations under this
Agreement, the Indenture Trustee will become the successor Servicer or will
appoint a successor Servicer in accordance with the provisions of Section
10.02 hereof; provided that any successor Servicer, including the Indenture
Trustee, shall satisfy the requirements of an Eligible Servicer and shall be
approved by each Rating Agency.
ARTICLE V
ESTABLISHMENT OF TRUST ACCOUNTS
Section 5.01. Collection Account and Note Payment Account.
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(a)(1) Establishment of Collection Account. The Servicer shall cause
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to be established and maintained in the name of the Securities Intermediary
one or more Collection Accounts which shall be pledged to the Indenture
Trustee for the benefit of Securityholders, which shall be separate Eligible
Accounts, which may be interest-bearing, entitled "Collection Account, U.S.
Bank National Association, as Indenture Trustee, in trust for the FIRSTPLUS
Asset Backed Securities, Series 1998-1". The Collection Account may be
maintained with the Indenture Trustee or, subject to the following paragraph,
any other depository institution which satisfies the requirements set forth
in the definition of Eligible Account. The creation of any Collection
Account other than one maintained with the Indenture Trustee shall be
evidenced by a letter agreement between the Servicer and the depository
institution. A copy of such letter agreement shall be furnished to the
Indenture Trustee and, upon request of any Securityholder, to such
Securityholder. Funds in the Collection Account shall be invested in
accordance with Section 5.06.
As of the Closing Date, the Collection Account shall be established with
the Indenture Trustee, and thereafter upon written notice to the Issuer and
the Indenture Trustee, and the Collection Account may be transferred by the
Servicer to a different depository institution so long as such transfer is to
an Eligible Account.
(a)(2) Establishment of Note Payment Account. No later than the
-------------------------------------
Closing Date, the Servicer shall cause to be established and maintained in
the name of the Securities Intermediary one or more Note Payment Accounts
which shall be pledged to the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of
Securityholders, which shall be separate Eligible Accounts, which may be
interest-bearing and which shall be entitled "Note Payment Account, U.S. Bank
National Association, as Indenture Trustee, in trust for the "FIRSTPLUS Asset
Backed Securities, Series 1998-1." Funds in the Note Payment Account shall
be invested in accordance with Section 5.06.
(b)(1) Deposits to Collection Account. The Servicer shall use its
------------------------------
best efforts to deposit or cause to be deposited (without duplication) within
one (1) Business Day, and shall in any event deposit within two (2) Business
Days, of receipt thereof in the Collection Account and retain therein in
trust for the benefit of the Securityholders:
(i) all payments on account of principal on each Home Loan
received after its related Cut-Off Date;
(ii) all payments on account of interest on each Home Loan received
after its related Cut-Off Date;
(iii) all Net Liquidation Proceeds and Post-Liquidation Proceeds
pursuant to Sections 4.02 or 4.04;
(iv) all Insurance Proceeds;
(v) all Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds;
(vi) any amounts payable in connection with the repurchase of any
Home Loan and the amount of any Substitution Adjustment pursuant to
Section 3.05;
(vii) any amount required to be deposited in the Collection Account
pursuant to the receipt of proceeds from any fidelity bond or errors and
omission insurance under Section 4.03 or the deposit of the Termination
Price and any other proceeds of the sale of the Home Loans under Section
11.02; and
(viii) interest and gains on funds held in the Collection Account.
The Servicer shall be entitled to retain and not deposit into the
Collection Account any amounts received with respect to a Home Loan that
constitute additional servicing compensation pursuant to Section 7.03, and
such amounts retained by the Servicer during a Due Period shall be excluded
from the calculation of the Servicing Compensation that is distributable to
the Servicer from the Note Payment Account on the next Payment Date following
such Due Period.
(b)(2) Deposits to Note Payment Account. On the Withdrawal Date with
--------------------------------
respect to each Payment Date, the Indenture Trustee (based on information
contained in the Servicer's Monthly Remittance Report for such Payment Date)
shall (i) withdraw the Available Collection Amount with respect to such
Payment Date from the Collection Account, (x) pay the portion thereof
representing one-third of amounts attributable to interest collected during
the initial Due Period to the Transferor, (y) pay the portion thereof
representing income or gain from investments credited to the Collection
Account during the preceding Due Period to the Servicer as Servicing
Compensation with respect to such Payment Date, and (z) deposit the remainder
in the Note Payment Account and (ii) make withdrawals from the Pre-Funding
Account of amounts required to be deposited in the Note Payment Account from
such accounts on such Withdrawal Date and deposit into the Note Payment
Account the amounts so withdrawn.
(c) Withdrawals from Note Payment Account. Subject to Section 5.01(e),
-------------------------------------
no later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the second Business Day
prior to each Payment Date, to the extent funds are available in the Note
Payment Account, the Indenture Trustee (based on the information contained in
the Servicer's Monthly Remittance Report for such Payment Date) shall either
(1) retain funds in the Note Payment Account for payment or distribution on
such Payment Date or (2) make withdrawals from the Note Payment Account and
deposits into the other Trust Accounts as indicated, in each case as
specified below and in the following order of priority:
(1) to retain in the Note Payment Account for payment on such
Payment Date pursuant to the Indenture, to the Servicer, an amount equal
to the Servicing Compensation (net of (i) any amounts retained prior to
deposit into the Collection Account pursuant to subsection (b)(1) above,
(ii) any amounts representing income or gain from investments credited
to the Collection Account and paid to the Servicer pursuant to
subsection (b)(2) above and (iii) the Indenture Trustee Fee, which shall
be paid to the Indenture Trustee) and all unpaid Servicing Compensation
from prior Due Periods;
(2) to retain in the Note Payment Account for payment pursuant to
the Indenture on such Payment Date and to deposit in the Certificate
Distribution Account for distribution pursuant to Section 5.02, any
amount remaining from the Pre-Funding Account Deposit at the end of the
Funding Period, which will be paid (x) if no Indenture Event of Default
has occurred and such amount remaining is greater than $50,000, in
reduction, on a pro rata basis, of the Class Principal Balances (and
Component Principal Balances) of each Class of Securities (and the B-1
and B-2 Components) as provided in Section 8.2(a)(ii) of the Indenture
and Section 5.05(c)(i) hereof, (y) if no Indenture Event of Default has
occurred and such amount remaining is less than or equal to $50,000,
such remaining amount will be retained in the Note Payment Account and
be paid on the Pre-Funding Termination Payment Date sequentially to the
Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-6,
Class A-7 and Class A-8 Notes, in that order, in reduction of the Class
Principal Balances thereof, or (z) if an Indenture Event of Default has
occurred, such remaining amount will be retained in the Note Payment
Account and be paid in reduction of the Class Principal Balances of each
Class of Notes, pro rata based on the Class Principal Balances thereof;
(3) to retain in the Note Payment Account with respect to the
Notes, or to deposit in the Certificate Distribution Account with
respect to the Residual Interest Certificate, as applicable, to the
extent of the Regular Payment Amount for such Payment Date, in the
following order of priority:
(i) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Senior Notes, the Senior Noteholders' Interest Payment
Amount for such Payment Date, allocated to each Class of Senior
Notes, pro rata, based on the amount of interest payable in respect
of each such Class based on the applicable Interest Rate;
(ii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-1 Notes, the Class M-1 Noteholders' Interest Payment
Amount for such Payment Date;
(iii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-2 Notes, the Class M-2 Noteholders' Interest Payment
for such Payment Date;
(iv) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the A IO
Component, the A IO Component's Interest Distributable Amount for
such Payment Date;
(v) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-1
Component, the B-1 Component's Interest Distributable Amount for
such Payment Date;
(vi) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-2
Component, the B-2 Component's Interest Distributable Amount for
such Payment Date;
(vii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5,
Class A-6, Class A-7 and Class A-8 Notes, in that order, until the
respective Class Principal Balances thereof are reduced to zero,
the amount necessary to reduce the aggregate of the Class Principal
Balances of the Senior Notes to the Senior Optimal Principal
Balance for such Payment Date;
(viii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-1 Notes, the amount necessary to reduce the Class
Principal Balance thereof to the Class M-1 Optimal Principal
Balance for such Payment Date;
(ix) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-2 Notes, the amount necessary to reduce the Class
Principal Balance thereof to the Class M-2 Optimal Principal
Balance for such Payment Date;
(x) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-1
Component, the amount necessary to reduce the Component Principal
Balance thereof to the B-1 Component Optimal Principal Balance for
such Payment Date;
(xi) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-2
Component, the amount necessary to reduce the Component Principal
Balance thereof to the B-2 Component Optimal Principal Balance for
such Payment Date;
(xii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-1 Notes, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any,
until such Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(xiii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-2 Notes, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any,
until such Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(xiv) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-1
Component, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such
Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(xv) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-2
Component, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such
Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(xvi) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
Servicer, an amount equal to any Servicing Advances previously made
by the Servicer and not previously reimbursed (the "Servicing
Advance Reimbursement Amount"); and
(xvii) to deposit any remaining amount in the Certificate
Distribution Account for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to
the holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
Excess Component.
(4) to retain in the Note Payment Account with respect to the
Notes, or to deposit in the Certificate Distribution Account with
respect to the Residual Interest Certificate, as applicable, to the
extent of the Excess Spread, if any, in the following order of priority:
(i) in an amount equal to the Overcollateralization
Shortfall, if any, as follows:
(A) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5,
Class A-6, Class A-7 and Class A-8 Notes, in that order, until
the respective Class Principal Balances thereof are reduced to
zero, the amount necessary to reduce the aggregate of the
Class Principal Balances of the Senior Notes to the Senior
Optimal Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
(B) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-1 Notes, the amount necessary to reduce the
Class Principal Balance thereof to the Class M-1 Optimal
Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
(C) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-2 Notes, the amount necessary to reduce the
Class Principal Balance thereof to the Class M-2 Optimal
Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
(D) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
B-1 Component, the amount necessary to reduce the Component
Principal Balance thereof to the B-1 Component Optimal
Principal Balance for such Payment Date, and
(E) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
B-2 Component, the amount necessary to reduce the Component
Principal Balance thereof to the B-2 Component Optimal
Principal Balance for such Payment Date;
(ii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-1 Notes, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any,
until such Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(iii) for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders
of the Class M-2 Notes, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any,
until such Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(iv) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-1
Component, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such
Deferred Amount has been paid in full;
(v) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-2
Component, the applicable Deferred Amount, if any, until such
Deferred Amount has been paid in full; and
(vi) for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
Excess Component, any amount remaining in the Certificate
Distribution Account.
Notwithstanding that the Notes have been paid in full, the Indenture
Trustee and the Servicer shall continue to maintain the Collection Account
and the Note Payment Account hereunder until the Class Principal Balance of
each Class of Securities has been reduced to zero.
(d) Additional Withdrawals from Collection Account. The Indenture
----------------------------------------------
Trustee, at the direction of the Servicer, shall also make the following
withdrawals from the Collection Account, in no particular order of priority:
(i) to withdraw and pay as directed by the Servicer any amount not
required to be deposited in the Collection Account, including, without
limitation, any payments on or proceeds from a Home Loan received on or
prior to its related Cut-Off Date, or deposited therein in error; and
(ii) to clear and terminate the Collection Account in connection
with the termination of this Agreement.
The Servicer shall not retain any cash or investment in the Collection
Account for a period in excess of 12 months and cash therein shall be
considered transferred to the Note Payment Account on a first-in, first-out
basis.
(e) Additional Withdrawals from Note Payment Account Following Early
----------------------------------------------------------------
Redemption or Termination. No later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on
- -------------------------
the second Business Day prior to the Payment Date on which an early
redemption or termination pursuant to Section 11.02(a) or Section 11.02(b) is
to occur, to the extent funds are available in the Note Payment Account, the
Indenture Trustee (based on the information contained in the Servicer's
Monthly Remittance Report for such Payment Date) shall either (x) retain
funds in the Note Payment Account for payment on such Payment Date or (y)
make withdrawals from the Note Payment Account and deposits into the other
Trust Accounts as indicated, in each case as specified below and in the
following order of priority: (1) to deposit in the Certificate Distribution
Account for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the Servicer, the
Servicing Advance Reimbursement Amount, and (2) to retain in the Note Payment
Account or to deposit in the Certificate Distribution Account, as specified
in each succeeding clause: (i) to retain in the Note Payment Account for
payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders of the Notes, all accrued
and unpaid interest on each Class of Notes and an amount equal to the
aggregate of the then outstanding Class Principal Balances of each Class of
Notes; (ii) to deposit in the Certificate Distribution Account for
distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to the Certificateholder, all accrued
and unpaid interest on the Residual Interest Certificate and an amount equal
to the aggregate of the then outstanding Class Principal Balance of the
Residual Interest Certificate; (iii) to retain in the Note Payment Account
for payment pursuant to the Indenture to the holders of the Class M-1 and
Class M-2 Notes, in that order, the applicable Deferred Amounts, if any,
until each such Deferred Amount has been paid in full; (iv) to deposit in the
Certificate Distribution Account for distribution pursuant to Section 5.05 to
the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the B-1 and B-2 Components,,
in that order, the applicable Deferred Amounts, if any, until each such
Deferred Amount has been paid in full; and (v) to deposit any remaining
amount in the Certificate Distribution Account for distribution pursuant to
Section 5.05 to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the Excess
Component.
Section 5.02. (Reserved)
Section 5.03. (Reserved)
Section 5.04. (Reserved)
Section 5.05. Certificate Distribution Account. (a) Establishment.
-------------------------------- -------------
No later than the Closing Date, the Servicer, for the benefit of the
Certificateholder, will establish and maintain in the name of the Securities
Intermediary with U.S. Bank National Association for the benefit of the Owner
Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee on behalf of the Certificateholder one or more
separate Eligible Accounts, which while the Co-Owner Trustee holds such Trust
Account shall be entitled "Certificate Distribution Account, U.S. Bank
National Association, as Co-Owner Trustee, in trust for the FIRSTPLUS Asset
Backed Securities, Series 1998-1." Funds in the Certificate Distribution
Account shall be invested in accordance with Section 5.06.
(b) (Reserved)
(c) Distributions. Subject to Section 5.05(f), no later than the
-------------
second Business Day before each Payment Date, the Indenture Trustee shall
withdraw from the Note Payment Account all amounts required to be deposited
in the Certificate Distribution Account with respect to the preceding Due
Period pursuant to Section 5.01(c) and remit such amount to the Owner Trustee
or the Co-Owner Trustee for deposit into the Certificate Distribution
Account. On each Payment Date, the Owner Trustee or the Co-Owner Trustee
shall distribute all amounts on deposit in the Certificate Distribution
Account to the Certificateholder in respect of the Residual Interest
Certificate to the extent of amounts due and unpaid on the Residual Interest
Certificate for principal and interest and to the other parties specified
below the following amounts:
(i) only to the extent of funds withdrawn from the
Pre-Funding Account attributable to the remaining amount therein and
deposited in the Certificate Distribution Account by the Indenture
Trustee pursuant to Section 5.01(c)(2) to the Residual Interest
Certificate, pro rata in respect of the B-1 and B-2 Components;
(ii) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the A
IO, B-1 and B-2 Components, the amounts, if any, deposited in the
Certificate Distribution Account pursuant to Sections 5.01(c)(3) and
5.01(c)(4), in the order of priority provided therein;
(iii) to the Servicer, the amount, if any, in respect of the
Servicing Advance Reimbursement Amount deposited in the Certificate
Distribution Account pursuant to Section 5.01(c)(3)(xvi); and
(iv) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
Excess Component, the amounts deposited in the Certificate Distribution
Account pursuant to Sections 5.01(c)(3)(xvii) and 5.01(c)(4)(vi).
(d) All distributions made on the Residual Interest Certificate shall
be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of
such Certificateholder. The final distribution on each Certificate will be
made in like manner, but only upon presentment and surrender of such
Certificate at the location specified in the notice to the Certificateholder
of such final distribution.
(e) Distributions Following Early Redemption or Termination. No later
-------------------------------------------------------
than the second Business Day before the Payment Date on which an early
redemption or termination pursuant to Section 11.02(a) or 11.02(b) is to
occur, the Indenture Trustee shall withdraw from the Note Payment Account all
amounts required to be deposited in the Certificate Distribution Account with
respect to the preceding Due Period pursuant to Section 5.01(e) and remit
such amount to the Owner Trustee or the Co-Owner Trustee for deposit into the
Certificate Distribution Account. On such Payment Date, the Owner Trustee or
the Co-Owner Trustee shall distribute all amounts on deposit in the
Certificate Distribution Account to the Certificateholder in respect of the
Residual Interest Certificate to the extent of amounts due and unpaid on the
Residual Interest Certificate for principal and interest and to the other
parties specified below the following amounts:
(i) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the A
IO Component, all accrued and unpaid interest thereon;
(ii) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
B-1 Component, an amount equal to the Component Principal Balance of the
B-1 Component and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon;
(iii) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
B-2 Component, an amount equal to the Component Principal Balance of the
B-2 Component and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon;
(iv) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
B-1 and B-2 Components, the amounts, if any, deposited in the
Certificate Distribution Account pursuant to Section 5.01(e)(2)(iv); and
(v) to the Residual Interest Certificate, in respect of the
Excess Component, the amounts deposited in the Certificate Distribution
Account pursuant to Section 5.01(e)(2)(v).
Section 5.06. Trust Accounts; Trust Account Property. (a) Control of
--------------------------------------
Trust Accounts. Each of the Trust Accounts established hereunder has been
pledged by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture and shall
be subject to the lien of the Indenture. In addition to the provisions
hereunder, each of the Trust Accounts shall also be established and
maintained pursuant to the Indenture. Amounts paid or distributed from each
Trust Account in accordance with the Indenture and this Agreement shall be
released from the lien of the Indenture upon such payment or distribution
thereunder or hereunder. The Indenture Trustee shall possess all right,
title and interest in all funds on deposit from time to time in the Trust
Accounts and in all proceeds thereof (including all income thereon) and all
such funds, investments, proceeds and income shall be part of the Trust
Account Property and the Trust Estate. If, at any time, any Trust Account
ceases to be an Eligible Account, the Indenture Trustee (or the Servicer on
its behalf) shall within 10 Business Days (or such longer period, not to
exceed 30 calendar days, as to which each Rating Agency may consent)
(i) establish a new Trust Account as an Eligible Account, (ii) terminate the
ineligible Trust Account, and (iii) transfer any cash and investments from
such ineligible Trust Account to such new Trust Account. With respect to the
Trust Accounts, the Indenture Trustee agrees, by its acceptance hereof, that
each such Trust Account shall be subject to the sole and exclusive custody
and control of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Securityholders
and the Issuer, as the case may be, and the Indenture Trustee shall have sole
signature and withdrawal authority with respect thereto.
In addition to this Agreement, the Certificate Distribution Account
established hereunder also shall be subject to and established and maintained
in accordance with the Trust Agreement. The Owner Trustee or Co-Owner
Trustee shall possess all right, title and interest for the benefit of the
Certificateholders in all funds on deposit from time to time in the
Certificate Distribution Account and in all proceeds thereof (including all
income thereon) and all such funds, investments, proceeds and income shall be
part of the Trust Account Property. If, at any time, the Certificate
Distribution Account ceases to be an Eligible Account, the Issuer (or the
Servicer on its behalf) shall within 10 Business Days (or such longer period,
not to exceed 30 calendar days, as to which each Rating Agency may consent)
(i) establish a new Certificate Distribution Account as an Eligible Account,
(ii) terminate the ineligible Certificate Distribution Account, and
(iii) transfer any cash and investments from such ineligible Certificate
Distribution Account to such new Certificate Distribution Account. The Owner
Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee agree, by their acceptance hereof, that such
Certificate Distribution Account shall be subject to the sole and exclusive
custody and control of the Owner Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee for the benefit
of the Issuer and the parties entitled to distributions therefrom, including
without limitation, the Certificateholders, and the Owner Trustee and the Co-
Owner Trustee shall have sole signature and withdrawal authority with respect
to the Certificate Distribution Account.
The Servicer shall have the power, revocable by the Indenture Trustee or
by the Owner Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee with the consent of the Indenture
Trustee, to instruct the Indenture Trustee or Owner Trustee or Co-Owner
Trustee to make withdrawals and payments from the Trust Accounts and the
Certificate Distribution Account for the purpose of permitting the Servicer
to carry out its duties hereunder or permitting the Indenture Trustee or
Owner Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee to carry out its duties herein or under the
Indenture or the Trust Agreement, as applicable.
(b)(1) Investment of Funds. So long as no Event of Default shall
-------------------
have occurred and be continuing, the funds held in any Trust Account or in
the Certificate Distribution Account may be invested (to the extent
practicable and consistent with any requirements of the Code) in Permitted
Investments, as directed by the Servicer, in the case of the Collection
Account, or by the Transferor, in the case of each other Trust Account and
the Certificate Distribution Account, in each case in writing or by telephone
or facsimile transmission confirmed in writing by the Servicer or the
Transferor, as applicable. In any case, funds in any Trust Account or in the
Certificate Distribution Account must be available for withdrawal without
penalty, and any Permitted Investments must mature or otherwise be available
for withdrawal, not later than three (3) Business Days (except with respect
to the Note Payment Account, Pre-Funding Account and Certificate Distribution
Account, which shall be invested on a one (1) Business Day basis) immediately
preceding the Payment Date next following the date of such investment and
shall not be sold or disposed of prior to its maturity subject to
Section 5.06(b)(2) below. All interest and any other investment earnings on
amounts or investments held in any Trust Account or in the Certificate
Distribution Account shall be deposited into such account immediately upon
receipt by the Indenture Trustee, or in the case of the Certificate
Distribution Account, the Owner Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee, as applicable.
All Permitted Investments in which funds in any Trust Account are invested
must be held by or registered in the name of "U.S. Bank National Association,
as Indenture Trustee, in trust for the FIRSTPLUS Asset Backed Securities,
Series 1998-1". While the Co-Owner Trustee holds the Certificate
Distribution Account, all Permitted Investments in which funds in the
Certificate Distribution Account are invested shall be held by or registered
in the name of "U.S. Bank National Association, as Co-Owner Trustee, in trust
for the FIRSTPLUS Asset Backed Securities, Series 1998-1".
(b)(2) Insufficiency and Losses in Trust Accounts. If any amounts
------------------------------------------
are needed for disbursement from any Trust Account or the Certificate
Distribution Account and sufficient uninvested funds are not available to
make such disbursement, the Indenture Trustee, or Owner Trustee or Co-Owner
Trustee in the case of the Certificate Distribution Account, shall cause to
be sold or otherwise converted to cash a sufficient amount of the investments
in such account. The Indenture Trustee, or Owner Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee
in the case of the Certificate Distribution Account, shall not be liable for
any investment loss or other charge resulting therefrom, unless such loss or
charge is caused by the failure of the Indenture Trustee or Owner Trustee or
Co-Owner Trustee, respectively, to perform in accordance with this Section
5.06.
If any losses are realized in connection with any investment in any
Trust Account or in the Certificate Distribution Account pursuant to this
Agreement and the Indenture, then the Servicer, with respect to the
Collection Account, and the Transferor, with respect to each other such
account, shall deposit the amount of such losses (to the extent not offset by
income from other investments in such account) in such account immediately
upon the realization of such loss or, to the extent that the Servicer or the
Transferor, as applicable, fails to deposit any portion of such amount, the
Transferor or the Servicer, as applicable, shall deposit any insufficiency
from such failure in such account. All interest and any other investment
earnings on amounts held in any Trust Account or in the Certificate
Distribution Account shall be taxed to the Issuer and for federal and state
income tax purposes the Issuer shall be deemed to be the owner of each Trust
Account and of the Certificate Distribution Account.
(c) Subject to Section 6.1 of the Indenture, the Indenture Trustee
shall not in any way be held liable by reason of any insufficiency in any
Trust Account held by the Indenture Trustee resulting from any investment
loss on any Permitted Investment included therein (except to the extent that
the Indenture Trustee, with respect to such Permitted Investment, is the
obligor and has defaulted thereon).
(d) The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee hereby appoint U.S. Bank
National Association as Securities Intermediary with respect to the Trust
Accounts and the Certificate Distribution Account. The Issuer has, pursuant
to the Indenture, granted to the Indenture Trustee, as collateral agent for
the benefit of the Securityholders, a security interest to secure all amounts
due Noteholders hereunder in and to the Trust Accounts and the Security
Entitlements to all Financial Assets credited to the Trust Accounts, and the
Seller hereby grants to the Issuer, as collateral agent for the benefit of
Certificateholders, a security interest to secure all mounts due
Certificateholders hereunder in and to the Certificate Distribution Account
and the Security Entitlements and all Financial Assets credited to the
Certificate Distribution Account, including in each case without limitation
all amounts, securities, investments, Financial Assets, investment property
and other property from time to time deposited in or credited to such
accounts and all proceeds thereof. Amounts held from time to time in the
Trust Accounts will continue to be held by the Securities Intermediary for
the benefit of the Indenture Trustee, as collateral agent, for the benefit of
the Securityholders, and amounts held from time to time in the Certificate
Distribution Account will continue to be held by the Securities Intermediary
for the benefit of the Issuer, as collateral agent, for the benefit of the
Certificateholders. Upon the termination of the Trust or the discharge of
the Indenture, the Indenture Trustee shall inform the Securities Intermediary
of such termination. By acceptance of their Securities or interests therein,
the Securityholders shall be deemed to have appointed U.S. Bank National
Association as Securities Intermediary. U.S. Bank National Association
hereby accepts such appointment as Securities Intermediary.
(1) With respect to the Trust Account Property credited to the
Trust Accounts and the Certificate Distribution Account, the Securities
Intermediary agrees that:
(i) with respect to any Trust Account Property that is held
in deposit accounts, each such deposit account shall be subject to the
exclusive custody and control of the Securities Intermediary, and the
Securities Intermediary shall have sole signature authority with respect
thereto;
(ii) the sole assets permitted in the Trust Accounts and the
Certificate Distribution Account shall be those as the Securities
Intermediary agrees to treat as Financial Assets; and
(iii) any such Trust Account Property that is, or is
treated as, a Financial Asset shall be physically delivered (accompanied
by any required endorsements) to, or credited to an account in the name
of, the Securities Intermediary or other eligible institution
maintaining any Trust Account or the Certificate Distribution Account in
accordance with the Securities Intermediary's customary procedures such
that the Securities Intermediary or such other institution establishes a
Security Entitlement in favor of the Indenture Trustee with respect
thereto over which the Securities Intermediary or such other institution
has Control;
(2) The Securities Intermediary hereby confirms that (A) each
Trust Account and the Certificate Distribution Account is an account to
which Financial Assets are or may be credited, and the Securities
Intermediary shall, subject to the terms of this Agreement, treat the
Indenture Trustee, as collateral agent, as entitled to exercise the
rights that comprise any Financial Asset credited to any Trust Account,
and the Issuer, as collateral agent, as entitled to exercise the rights
that comprise any Financial Asset credited to the Certificate
Distribution Account, (B) all Trust Account Property in respect of any
Trust Account or the Certificate Distribution Account will be promptly
credited by the Securities Intermediary to such account, and (C) all
securities or other property underlying any Financial Assets credited to
any Trust Account or the Certificate Distribution Account shall be
registered in the name of the Securities Intermediary, endorsed to the
Securities Intermediary or in blank or credited to another securities
account maintained in the name of the Securities Intermediary and in no
case (x) will any Financial Asset credited to any Trust Account be
registered in the name of the Seller or the Issuer, payable to the order
of the Seller or the Issuer or specially endorsed to the Seller or the
Issuer, or (y) will any Financial Asset credited to the Certificate
Distribution Account be registered in the name of the Seller, payable to
the order of the Seller or specially endorsed to the Seller, except to
the extent the foregoing have been specially endorsed to the Securities
Intermediary or in blank;
(3) The Securities Intermediary hereby agrees that each item of
property (whether investment property, Financial Asset, security,
instrument or cash) credited to any Trust Account or the Certificate
Distribution Account shall be treated as a Financial Asset;
(4) If at any time the Securities Intermediary shall receive any
order from the Indenture Trustee directing transfer or redemption of any
Financial Asset relating to any Trust Account, the Securities
Intermediary shall comply with such entitlement order without further
consent by the Seller, the Issuer or any other Person. If at any time
the Indenture Trustee notifies the Securities Intermediary in writing
that the Trust has been terminated or the Indenture discharged in
accordance herewith and with the Trust Agreement or the Indenture, as
applicable, and the security interest granted pursuant to the Indenture
has been released, then thereafter if the Securities Intermediary shall
receive any order from the Seller or the Issuer directing transfer or
redemption of any Financial Asset relating to any Trust Account, the
Securities Intermediary shall comply with such entitlement order without
further consent by the Indenture Trustee or any other Person;
If at any time the Securities Intermediary shall receive any order
from the Issuer directing transfer or redemption of any Financial Asset
relating to the Certificate Distribution Account, the Securities
Intermediary shall comply with such entitlement order without further
consent by the Seller or any other Person. If at any time the Issuer
notifies the Securities Intermediary in writing that the Trust has been
terminated in accordance herewith and with the Trust Agreement and the
security interest granted above has been released, then thereafter if
the Securities Intermediary shall receive any order from the Seller
directing transfer or redemption of any Financial Asset relating to the
Certificate Distribution Account, the Securities Intermediary shall
comply with such entitlement order without further consent by the Issuer
or any other Person;
(5) In the event that the Securities Intermediary has or
subsequently obtains by agreement, operation of law or otherwise a
security interest in any Trust Account or the Certificate Distribution
Account or any Financial Asset credited thereto, the Securities
Intermediary hereby agrees that such security interest shall be
subordinate to the security interest of the Indenture Trustee, in the
case of the Trust Accounts, or of the Issuer, in the case of the
Certificate Distribution Account. The Financial Assets credited to the
Trust Accounts or the Certificate Distribution Account will not be
subject to deduction, set-off, banker's lien, or any other right in
favor of any Person other than the Indenture Trustee, in the case of the
Trust Accounts, or the Issuer, in the case of the Certificate
Distribution Account (except that the Securities Intermediary may set
off (i) all amounts due to it in respect of its customary fees and
expenses for the routine maintenance and operation of the Trust Accounts
and the Certificate Distribution Account, and (ii) the face amount of
any checks which have been credited to any Trust Account or the
Certificate Distribution Account but are subsequently returned unpaid
because of uncollected or insufficient funds);
(6) There are no other agreements entered into between the
Securities Intermediary in such capacity and the Seller or the Issuer
with respect to any Trust Account, or the Seller with respect to the
Certificate Distribution Account. In the event of any conflict between
this Agreement (or any provision of this Agreement) and any other
agreement now existing or hereafter entered into, the terms of this
Agreement shall prevail;
(7) The rights and powers granted under the Indenture and herein
to (x) the Indenture Trustee have been granted in order to perfect its
security interest in the Trust Accounts and the Security Entitlements to
the Financial Assets credited thereto, and (y) the Issuer have been
granted in order to perfect its security interest in the Certificate
Distribution Account and the Security Entitlements to the Financial
Assets credited thereto, and are powers coupled with an interest and
will neither be affected by the bankruptcy of the Seller (or the Issuer,
in the case of the Trust Accounts) nor by the lapse of time. The
obligations of the Securities Intermediary hereunder shall continue in
effect until the security interest of the Indenture Trustee in the Trust
Accounts or the Issuer in the Certificate Distribution Account, and in
such Security Entitlements, has been terminated pursuant to the terms of
this Agreement and the Indenture Trustee or the Issuer, as applicable,
has notified the Securities Intermediary of such termination in writing;
and
(8) Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, the Seller and
the Issuer agree that the Trust Accounts and the Certificate
Distribution Account will be established only with the Securities
Intermediary or another institution meeting the requirements of this
Section, which by acceptance of its appointment as Securities
Intermediary agrees substantially as follows: (1) it will comply with
Entitlement Orders related to the Trust Accounts issued by the Indenture
Trustee, as collateral agent, without further consent by the Seller or
the Issuer, and with Entitlement Orders related to the Certificate
Distribution Account issued by the Issuer, as collateral agent, without
further consent by the Seller; (2) until termination of the Trust or
discharge of the Indenture, it will not enter into any other agreement
related to such accounts pursuant to which it agrees to comply with
Entitlement Orders of any Person other than the Indenture Trustee, as
collateral agent with respect to the Trust Accounts, or the Issuer, as
collateral agent with respect to the Certificate Distribution Account;
and (3) all assets delivered or credited to it in connection with such
accounts and all investments thereof will be promptly credited to the
applicable account.
(e) The Servicer shall have the power, revocable by the Indenture
Trustee or by the Issuer with the consent of the Indenture Trustee, to
instruct the Indenture Trustee to make withdrawals and payments from the
Trust Accounts for the purpose of permitting the Servicer or the Issuer to
carry out its respective duties hereunder or permitting the Indenture Trustee
to carry out its duties under the Indenture.
Section 5.07. Allocation of Losses. (a) In the event that Net
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Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds or Released Mortgaged Property
Proceeds on a Liquidated Home Loan are less than the related Principal
Balance plus accrued interest thereon, or any Obligor makes a partial payment
of any Monthly Payment due on a Home Loan, such Net Liquidation Proceeds,
Insurance Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds or partial payment
shall be applied to payment of the related Debt Instrument, first to interest
accrued at the Home Loan Interest Rate and then to principal.
(b) On any Payment Date, any Allocable Loss Amount shall be applied,
after giving effect to all payments and distributions made on such Payment
Date, to the reduction of the Class Principal Balances of the Subordinate
Securities in accordance with the Allocable Loss Amount Priority. Any
Allocable Loss Amount allocated to a Class of Securities pursuant to this
Section 5.07(b) shall be allocated among the Securities of such Class in
proportion to their respective outstanding principal balances.
ARTICLE VI
STATEMENTS AND REPORTS; SPECIFICATION OF TAX MATTERS
Section 6.01. Statements. (a) No later than each Determination Date,
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the Servicer shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee a magnetic tape or
computer disk providing such information regarding the Servicer's activities
in servicing the Home Loans during the related Due Period as the Indenture
Trustee may reasonably require.
(b)(1) Subject to the modification of the Servicer's Monthly
Statement by the Servicer with the prior written consent of the Majority
Securityholders and the Indenture Trustee, no later than three (3) Business
Days before each Payment Date, the Servicer shall prepare and the Indenture
Trustee shall distribute a monthly statement (the "Servicer's Monthly
Statement", with respect to such Payment Date) to the Seller, the
Securityholders and each Rating Agency, stating the date of original issuance
of the Securities (day, month and year), the name of the Issuer (i.e.,
"FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1"), the series designation of the
Securities (i.e., "Series 1998-1"), the date of this Agreement and the
following information:
(i) the Available Collection Amount, the Regular Payment
Amount and the Excess Spread for the related Payment Date;
(ii) the amount, if any, on deposit in the Pre-Funding Account
on such Payment Date;
(iii) the Class Principal Balance of each Class of Securities
(and the Component Principal Balance or Component Notional Balance, as
applicable, of the Components of the Residual Interest Certificate), and
the Pool Principal Balance as of the first day of the related Due Period
and after giving effect to payments and distributions made to the
holders of such Securities on such Payment Date;
(iv) the Class Pool Factor with respect to each Class of
Securities then outstanding;
(v) the amount of principal and interest received on the Home
Loans during the related Due Period;
(vi) the amount, if any, of the Overcollateralization Surplus;
(vii) the Servicing Compensation for such Payment Date;
(viii) the Overcollateralization Amount with respect to such
Payment Date, the Required Overcollateralization Amount as of such
Payment Date, the Net Loan Losses incurred during the related Due Period
and the cumulative Net Loan Losses with respect to such Payment Date;
(ix) the amount, if any, paid on such Payment Date to each
Class of Subordinate Securities in respect of Deferred Amounts;
(x) with respect to each Class of Subordinate Securities and
the B-1 and B-2 Components of the Residual Interest Certificate, the
amount of any applicable Deferred Amounts remaining unreimbursed after
giving effect to payments made on such Payment Date;
(xi) the weighted average maturity of the Home Loans and the
weighted average Home Loan Interest Rate of the Home Loans each as of
such Payment Date;
(xii) certain performance information, including delinquency
and foreclosure information with respect to the Home Loans, as set forth
in the Servicer's Monthly Remittance Report;
(xiii) the amount of any Servicing Advance Reimbursement Amount
to be paid to the Servicer on such Payment Date, and the amount of any
Servicing Advance Reimbursement Amount remaining unpaid following such
payment;
(xiv) the number of and aggregate Principal Balance of all Home
Loans in foreclosure proceedings (other than any Home Loans described in
clause (xvi)) and the percent of the aggregate Principal Balances of
such Home Loans to the aggregate Principal Balances of all Home Loans,
all as of the close of business on the first day of the related Due
Period;
(xv) the number of and the aggregate Principal Balance of the
Home Loans in bankruptcy proceedings (other than any Home Loans
described in clause (xvii)) and the percent of the aggregate Principal
Balances of such Home Loans to the aggregate Principal Balances of all
Home Loans, all as of the close of business on the first day of the
related Due Period;
(xvi) the number of Foreclosure Properties, the aggregate
Principal Balance of the related Home Loans, the book value of such
Foreclosure Properties and the percent of the aggregate Principal
Balances of such Home Loans to the aggregate Principal Balances of all
Home Loans, all as of the close of business on the first day of the
related Due Period;
(xvii) during the related Due Period, the aggregate Principal
Balance of Home Loans for each of the following: (A) that became
Liquidated Home Loans, (B) that became Deleted Home Loans pursuant to
Section 3.05 as a result of such Deleted Home Loans being Defective Home
Loans, and (C) that became Deleted Home Loans pursuant to Section 3.05
as a result of such Deleted Home Loans being Liquidated Home Loans or a
Home Loan in foreclosure, default or imminent default, including the
foregoing amounts by loan type;
(xviii) from the Closing Date through the most current Due
Period, the cumulative aggregate Principal Balance of Home Loans for
each of the following: (A) that became Liquidated Home Loans, and (B)
that became Deleted Home Loans pursuant to Section 3.05 as a result of
such Deleted Home Loans being in foreclosure, default or imminent
default;
(xix) the scheduled principal payments and the principal
prepayments received with respect to the Home Loans during the related
Due Period;
(xx) the number of and aggregate principal balance of all Home
Loans (both during the related Due Period and in aggregate since the
Closing Date) repurchased or substituted pursuant to Sections 2.06, 3.05
or 4.02;
(xxi) the number of Home Loans remaining in the Home Loan Pool;
and
(xxii) such other information as may be reasonably requested by
the Indenture Trustee.
(2) No later than three (3) Business Days before each Payment
Date, the Servicer shall prepare and distribute to the Seller and each Rating
Agency a monthly statement that includes the cumulative aggregate Principal
Balance of Home Loans that became Deleted Home Loans pursuant to Section
3.05(c) as a result of such Deleted Home Loans being Defective Home Loans,
from the Closing Date through the most current Due Period.
(3) No later than seven days following a repurchase or
substitution pursuant to Sections 2.06, 3.05 or 4.02, the Servicer shall
notify each Rating Agency of the aggregate principal balances of the Home
Loans repurchased or substituted and (if applicable) the relevant
Substitution Adjustment.
All reports prepared by the Servicer of the withdrawals from and
deposits in the Collection Account will be based in whole or in part upon the
information provided to the Indenture Trustee by the Servicer, and the
Indenture Trustee may fully rely upon and shall have no liability with
respect to such information provided by the Servicer.
(c) Within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar
year, the Servicer shall prepare and direct the Indenture Trustee to
distribute to each Person who at any time during the calendar year was a
Securityholder, such information as is reasonably necessary to provide to
such Person a statement containing the information set forth in subclauses
(b)(iv) and (v) above, aggregated for such calendar year or applicable
portion thereof during which such Person was a Securityholder. Such
obligation of the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed to have been satisfied to
the extent that substantially comparable information shall be provided by the
Servicer to the Securityholders pursuant to any requirements of the Code as
are in force from time to time.
(d) On each Payment Date, the Indenture Trustee shall forward to DTC
and to the holder of the Residual Interest Certificate a copy of the
Servicer's Monthly Statement in respect of such Payment Date and a statement
setting forth the amounts actually distributed to the holder of the Residual
Interest Certificate on such Payment Date, together with such other
information as the Indenture Trustee deems necessary or appropriate.
(e) Within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar
year, the Servicer shall prepare and direct the Indenture Trustee to
distribute to each Person who at any time during the calendar year was the
holder of the Residual Interest Certificate, if requested in writing by such
Person, such information as is reasonably necessary to provide to such Person
a statement containing the information provided pursuant to the previous
paragraph aggregated for such calendar year or applicable portion thereof
during which such Person was the holder of the Residual Interest Certificate.
Such obligation of the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed to have been
satisfied to the extent that substantially comparable information shall be
provided by the Servicer to the holder of the Residual Interest Certificate
pursuant to any requirements of the Code as are in force from time to time.
(f) Upon reasonable advance notice in writing, the Servicer will
provide to each Securityholder which is a savings and loan association, bank
or insurance company access to information and documentation regarding the
Home Loans sufficient to permit such Securityholder to comply with applicable
regulations of the FDIC or other regulatory authorities with respect to
investment in such Securities.
(g) The Servicer or its agent shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee,
who in turn shall forward to each Securityholder, during the term of this
Agreement, such periodic, special, or other reports, including information
tax returns or reports required with respect to the Securities, including
Internal Revenue Service Forms 1099 and (if instructed in writing by the
Seller on the basis of the advice of legal counsel) and other similar reports
that are required to be filed by the Servicer or its agent and the holder of
Residual Interest Certificate, whether or not provided for herein, as shall
be necessary, reasonable, or appropriate with respect to the Securityholders
or the holders of the Residual Interest Certificate, or otherwise with
respect to the purposes of this Agreement, all such reports or information to
be provided by and in accordance with such applicable instructions and
directions as the Securityholders may reasonably require.
(h) Reports and computer tapes furnished by the Servicer and the
Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed confidential and
of proprietary nature, and shall not be copied or distributed except in
connection with the purposes and requirements of this Agreement. No Person
entitled to receive copies of such reports or tapes shall use the information
therein for the purpose of soliciting the customers of the Seller or the
Servicer or for any other purpose except as set forth in this Agreement.
Section 6.02 Reports of Foreclosure and Abandonment of Mortgaged
---------------------------------------------------
Property. Each year beginning in 1998 the Servicer, at its expense, shall
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make the reports of foreclosures and abandonments of any Mortgaged Property
required by Section 6050J of the Code. The reports from the Servicer shall
be in form and substance sufficient to meet the reporting requirements
imposed by such Section 6050J of the Code.
Section 6.03. Specification of Certain Tax Matters. Each
------------------------------------
Securityholder shall provide the Indenture Trustee with a completed and
executed Form W-9 prior to purchasing a Security. The Indenture Trustee
shall comply with all requirements of the Code, and applicable state and
local law, with respect to the withholding from any payments or distributions
made to any Securityholder of any applicable withholding taxes imposed
thereon and with respect to any applicable reporting requirements in
connection therewith.
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL SERVICING PROCEDURES
Section 7.01. Assumption Agreements. When a Mortgaged Property has
---------------------
been or is about to be conveyed by the Obligor, the Servicer shall, to the
extent it has knowledge of such conveyance or prospective conveyance,
exercise its rights to accelerate the maturity of the related Home Loan under
any "due-on-sale" clause contained in the related Mortgage or Debt
Instrument; provided, however, that the Servicer shall not exercise any such
right if the "due-on-sale" clause, in the reasonable belief of the Servicer,
is not enforceable under applicable law. In such event or in the event the
related Mortgage and Debt Instrument do not contain a "due-on-sale" clause,
the Servicer shall enter into an assumption and modification agreement with
the person to whom such property has been or is about to be conveyed,
pursuant to which such person becomes liable under the Debt Instrument and,
unless prohibited by applicable law or the Home Loan documents, the Obligor
remains liable thereon. The Servicer is also authorized to enter into a
substitution of liability agreement with such person, pursuant to which the
original Obligor is released from liability and such person is substituted as
Obligor and becomes liable under the Debt Instrument. The Servicer shall
notify the Custodian that any such substitution or assumption agreement has
been completed by forwarding to the Custodian the original of such
substitution or assumption agreement, which original shall be added by the
Custodian to the related Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File and shall, for
all purposes, be considered a part of such Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File
to the same extent as all other documents and instruments constituting a part
thereof. In connection with any assumption or substitution agreement entered
into pursuant to this Section 7.01, the Servicer shall not change the Home
Loan Interest Rate or the Monthly Payment, defer or forgive the payment of
principal or interest, reduce the outstanding principal amount or extend the
final maturity date on such Home Loan. Any fee collected by the Servicer for
consenting to any such conveyance or entering into an assumption or
substitution agreement shall be retained by or paid to the Servicer as
additional Servicing Compensation.
Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraph or any other provision of this
Agreement, the Servicer shall not be deemed to be in default, breach or any
other violation of its obligations hereunder by reason of any assumption of a
Home Loan by operation of law or any assumption which the Servicer may be
restricted by law from preventing, for any reason whatsoever.
Section 7.02. Satisfaction of Mortgages and Release of Home Loan Files.
--------------------------------------------------------
Subject to the provisions of Sections 4.01 and 4.02, the Servicer shall not
grant a satisfaction or release of a Mortgage without having obtained payment
in full of the indebtedness secured by the Mortgage or otherwise prejudice
any right the Securityholders may have under the mortgage instruments. The
Servicer shall maintain the fidelity bond and errors and omissions insurance
as provided for in Section 4.03 insuring the Servicer against any loss it may
sustain with respect to any Home Loan not satisfied in accordance with the
procedures set forth herein.
Upon the payment in full of any Home Loan, or the receipt by the
Servicer of a notification that payment in full will be escrowed in a manner
customary for such purposes, the Servicer will immediately notify the
Custodian by an Officers' Certificate (which certificate shall include a
statement to the effect that all amounts received or to be received in
connection with such payment which are required to be deposited in the
Collection Account pursuant to Section 5.01(b) have been or will be so
deposited) of a Servicing Officer and shall request delivery to it of the
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File. Upon receipt of such certification and
request and in accordance with Section 2.9 of the Indenture, the Custodian
shall promptly release the related Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File to the
Servicer. Expenses incurred in connection with any instrument of
satisfaction or deed of reconveyance shall be payable only from and to the
extent of Servicing Compensation and shall not be chargeable to the
Collection Account, the Note Payment Account, or the Certificate Distribution
Account. Upon receipt by the Custodian of the certification of a Servicing
Officer with respect to the release of the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File
for any Home Loan or any documents included therein, the Custodian shall
release to the Servicer such Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File and shall
deliver such instruments of transfer presented to it by the Servicer as shall
be necessary or appropriate for the release of such Indenture Trustee's Home
Loan File in accordance with such certification of the Servicing Officer.
The release to the Servicer of an Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File pursuant
to such certification shall not require or be subject to the prior approval
of the Indenture Trustee in the case of a release in connection with the
following: (1) the satisfaction or release of a Mortgage upon the payment in
full of the Home Loan or upon such Home Loan becoming a Liquidated Home Loan;
(2) a Home Loan in default for which the Servicer is or will be pursuing
foreclosure or another method of liquidation pursuant to Section 4.02; or
(3) the correction of documentation in the Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File
for errors and ambiguities, provided that such corrections shall be performed
and returned to the Custodian in a prompt manner, and provided further that
no more than 100 Indenture Trustee's Home Loan Files shall be released and
held by the Servicer at any one time. In the case of a release of the
related Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File to the Servicer in connection with
a substitution or repurchase of any Home Loan pursuant to Section 3.05 or
Section 11.02 or a release for other servicing reasons, such release of the
Indenture Trustee's Home Loan File by the Custodian shall be subject to the
prior approval of the Indenture Trustee.
The Indenture Trustee shall execute and deliver to the Servicer any
court pleadings, requests for trustee's sale or other documents necessary to
the foreclosure or trustee's sale in respect of a Mortgaged Property or to
any legal action brought to obtain judgment against any Obligor on the Debt
Instrument or Mortgage or to obtain a deficiency judgment, or to enforce any
other remedies or rights provided by the Debt Instrument or Mortgage or
otherwise available at law or in equity. Together with such documents or
pleadings, the Servicer shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee a certificate
of a Servicing Officer requesting that such pleadings or documents be
executed by the Indenture Trustee and certifying as to the reason such
documents or pleadings are required and that the execution and delivery
thereof by the Indenture Trustee will not invalidate or otherwise affect the
lien of the Mortgage, except for the termination of such a lien upon
completion of the foreclosure or trustee's sale. The Indenture Trustee
shall, upon receipt of a written request from a Servicing Officer, execute
any document provided to the Indenture Trustee by the Servicer or take any
other action requested in such request that is, in the opinion of the
Servicer as evidenced by such request, required by any state or other
jurisdiction to discharge the lien of a Mortgage upon the satisfaction
thereof and the Indenture Trustee will sign and post, but will not guarantee
receipt of, any such documents to the Servicer, or such other party as the
Servicer may direct, within five Business Days, or more promptly if needed,
of the Indenture Trustee's receipt of such certificate or documents. Such
certificate or documents shall establish to the Indenture Trustee's
satisfaction that the related Home Loan has been paid in full by or on behalf
of the Obligor and that such payment has been deposited in the Collection
Account.
Subject to any other applicable terms and conditions of this Agreement,
the Indenture Trustee and Servicer shall be entitled to approve an assignment
in lieu of satisfaction with respect to any Home Loan, provided the obligee
with respect to such Home Loan following such proposed assignment provides
the Indenture Trustee and Servicer with a "Certification for Assignment of
Home Loan" in form and substance satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee and
Servicer, providing the following: (i) that the Home Loan is secured by
Mortgaged Property located in a jurisdiction in which an assignment in lieu
of satisfaction is required to preserve lien priority, minimize or avoid
mortgage recording taxes or otherwise comply with or facilitate a refinancing
under the laws of such jurisdiction; (ii) that the substance of the
assignment is, and is intended to be, a refinancing of such Home Loan and
that the form of the transaction is solely to comply with or facilitate the
transaction under such local laws; (iii) that the Home Loan following the
proposed assignment will have a rate of interest not more than 0.25 percent
below or above the rate of interest on such Home Loan prior to such proposed
assignment; and (iv) that such assignment is at the request of the related
Obligor. Upon approval of an assignment in lieu of satisfaction with respect
to any Home Loan, the Servicer shall receive cash in an amount equal to the
unpaid principal balance of and accrued interest on such Home Loan and the
Servicer shall treat such amount as a Principal Prepayment with respect to
such Home Loan for all purposes hereof.
Section 7.03. Servicing Compensation. As compensation for its services
----------------------
hereunder, the Servicer shall be entitled to receive from the Collection
Account, the Servicing Fee out of which the Servicer shall pay any servicing
fees owed or payable to any Subservicer and any custodial fees owed or
payable to the Custodian. Additional servicing compensation in the form of
assumption and other administrative fees, amounts remitted pursuant to
Section 7.01, prepayment penalties and late payment charges shall be part of
the Servicing Compensation payable to the Servicer hereunder and shall be
paid either by the Servicer retaining such additional servicing compensation
prior to deposit in the Collection Account pursuant to Section 5.01(b)(1) or
if deposited into the Collection Account as part of the Servicing
Compensation withdrawn from the Note Payment Account pursuant to
Section 8.2(a) of the Indenture.
The Servicer shall be required to pay all expenses incurred by it in
connection with its servicing activities hereunder and shall not be entitled
to reimbursement therefor except as specifically provided for herein. The
Servicer also agrees to pay (i) the Owner Trustee Fee and the Indenture
Trustee Fee, and the fees of the Co-Owner Trustee and the Custodian, (ii) all
reasonable costs and expenses incurred by the Indenture Trustee, the Owner
Trustee or the Seller in investigating the Servicer's activities hereunder
when, in the reasonable opinion of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee
or the Seller, such investigation is warranted on the basis of adverse
information about the Servicer obtained from a reasonably reliable source,
(iii) all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by any successor servicer or
the Indenture Trustee in replacing the Servicer in the event of a default by
the Servicer in the performance of its duties under the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, and (iv) the annual Rating Agency monitoring fees.
Section 7.04. Quarterly Statements as to Compliance. Not later than
-------------------------------------
the last day of the second month following the end of each quarter of the
Servicer's Fiscal Year, beginning in February, 1998, the Servicer will
deliver to the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and to each Securityholder, an
Officer's Certificate stating that (i) the Servicer has fully complied with
the provisions of Articles V and VII, (ii) a review of the activities of the
Servicer during the preceding quarter and of performance under this Agreement
has been made under such officer's supervision, and (iii) to the best of such
officers' knowledge, based on such review, the Servicer has fulfilled all its
obligations under this Agreement throughout such quarter, or, if there has
been a default in the fulfillment of any such obligation, specifying each
such default known to such officer and the nature and status thereof and the
action being taken by the Servicer to cure such default.
Section 7.05. Annual Independent Public Accountants' Servicing Report.
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On or before 120 days after the end of each of the Servicer's fiscal years
elapsing during the term of its appointment under this Agreement, beginning
with the first fiscal year ending after the Closing Date, the Servicer, at
its expense, shall furnish to the Seller, the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer,
the Securityholders and the Rating Agencies (i) an opinion by a firm of
independent certified public accountants on the financial position of the
Servicer at the end of the relevant fiscal year and the results of operations
and changes in financial position of the Servicer for such year then ended on
the basis of an examination conducted in accordance with generally accepted
auditing standards, and (ii) if the Servicer is then servicing any Home
Loans, a statement from such independent certified public accountants to the
effect that based on an examination of certain specified documents and
records relating to the servicing of the Servicer's loan portfolio conducted
substantially in compliance with the audit program for mortgages serviced for
the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development Mortgage Audit
Standards, or the Uniform Single Attestation Program for Mortgage Bankers
(the "Applicable Accounting Standards"), such firm is of the opinion that
such servicing has been conducted in compliance with the Applicable
Accounting Standards except for (a) such exceptions as such firm shall
believe to be immaterial and (b) such other exceptions as shall be set forth
in such statement.
Section 7.06. Right to Examine Servicer Records. Each Securityholder,
---------------------------------
the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and each of their respective agents shall
have the right upon reasonable prior notice, during normal business hours and
as often as reasonably required, to examine, audit and copy, at the expense
of the Person making such examination, any and all of the books, records or
other information of the Servicer (including without limitation any
Subservicer to the extent provided in the related Subservicing Agreement)
whether held by the Servicer or by another on behalf of the Servicer, which
may be relevant to the performance or observance by the Servicer of the
terms, covenants or conditions of this Agreement. Each Securityholder, the
Indenture Trustee and the Issuer agree that any information obtained pursuant
to the terms of this Agreement shall be held confidential.
Section 7.07. Reports to the Indenture Trustee; Collection Account
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Statements. If the Collection Account is not maintained with the Indenture
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Trustee, then not later than 25 days after each Record Date, the Servicer
shall forward to the Indenture Trustee a statement, certified by a Servicing
Officer, setting forth the status of the Collection Account as of the close
of business on the preceding Record Date and showing, for the period covered
by such statement, the aggregate of deposits into the Collection Account for
each category of deposit specified in Section 5.01(b), the aggregate of
withdrawals from the Collection Account for each category of withdrawal
specified in Section 5.01(b)(2) and (d) and the aggregate amount of permitted
withdrawals not made in the related Due Period in each case, for the related
Due Period.
ARTICLE VIII
REPORTS TO BE PROVIDED BY SERVICER
Section 8.01. Financial Statements. The Servicer understands that, in
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connection with the transfer of the Securities, Securityholders may request
that the Servicer make available to the Securityholders, to prospective
Securityholders annual audited financial statements of the Servicer for one
or more of the most recently completed five fiscal years for which such
statements are available, which request shall not be unreasonably denied.
The Servicer also agrees to make available on a reasonable basis to the
Securityholders, any prospective Securityholder a knowledgeable financial or
accounting officer for the purpose of answering reasonable questions
respecting recent developments affecting the Servicer or the financial
statements of the Servicer and to permit the Securityholders, any prospective
Securityholder to inspect the Servicer's servicing facilities during normal
business hours for the purpose of satisfying the Securityholders and such
prospective Securityholder that the Servicer has the ability to service the
Home Loans in accordance with this Agreement.
ARTICLE IX
THE SERVICER
Section 9.01. Indemnification; Third Party Claims. (a) The Servicer
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agrees to indemnify and hold the Indenture Trustee, the Co-Owner Trustee, the
Issuer, the Seller and each Securityholder harmless from and against any and
all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related
costs, judgments, and any other costs, fees and expenses that the Indenture
Trustee, the Issuer, the Seller or any Securityholder may sustain directly
resulting from the negligence or willful misconduct of the Servicer in the
performance of its duties hereunder or in the servicing of the Home Loans in
compliance with the terms of this Agreement. It is the express intention of
the parties to this Agreement that the indemnification and hold harmless
obligations of the Servicer set forth in the preceding sentence shall apply
fully to claims, losses, etc. resulting from acts or omissi ons that may
constitute ordinary negligence on the part of the Servicer. The Servicer
shall not be liable or responsible for any of the representations, covenants,
warranties, responsibilities, duties or liabilities of any prior Servicer.
The Servicer shall immediately notify the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer, the
Seller and each Securityholder if a claim is made by a third party with
respect to this Agreement, and the Servicer shall assume (with the consent of
the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer) the defense of any such claim and
advance all expenses in connection therewith, including reasonable counsel
fees, and promptly advance funds to pay, discharge and satisfy any judgment
or decree which may be entered against the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee,
the Issuer, the Seller and/or any Securityholder in respect of such claim.
(b) The Seller agrees to indemnify and hold the Indenture Trustee, the
Issuer, the Servicer and each Securityholder harmless from and against any
and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related
costs, judgments, and any other costs, fees and expenses that the Indenture
Trustee, the Issuer, the Servicer or any Securityholder may sustain directly
resulting from the negligence or willful misconduct of the Seller in the
performance of its duties hereunder or in compliance with the terms of this
Agreement. It is the express intention of the parties to this Agreement that
the indemnification and hold harmless obligations of the Seller set forth in
the preceding sentence shall apply fully to claims, losses, etc. resulting
from acts or omissions that may constitute ordinary negligence on the part
of the Seller. The Seller shall immediately notify the Indenture Trustee,
the Issuer, the Servicer and each Securityholder if a claim is made by a
third party with respect to this Agreement, and the Seller shall assume (with
the consent of the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer) the defense of any such
claim and advance all expenses in connection therewith, including reasonable
counsel fees, and promptly advance funds to pay, discharge and satisfy any
judgment or decree which may be entered against the Seller, the Servicer, the
Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and/or any Securityholder in respect of such
claim.
(c) The Transferor agrees to indemnify and hold the Indenture Trustee,
the Issuer, the Servicer and each Securityholder harmless from and against
any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and
related costs, judgments, and any other costs, fees and expenses that the
Indenture Trustee, the Issuer, the Servicer or any Securityholder may sustain
directly resulting from the negligence or willful misconduct of the
Transferor in the performance of its duties hereunder or in compliance with
the terms of this Agreement. It is the express intention of the parties to
this Agreement that the indemnification and hold harmless obligations of the
Transferor set forth in the preceding sentence shall apply fully to claims,
losses, etc. resulting from acts or omissions that may constitute ordinary
negligence on the part of the Transferor. The Transferor shall immediately
notify the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer, the Servicer and each
Securityholder if a claim is made by a third party with respect to this
Agreement, and the Transferor shall assume (with the consent of the Indenture
Trustee and the Issuer) the defense of any such claim and advance all
expenses in connection therewith, including reasonable counsel fees, and
promptly advance funds to pay, discharge and satisfy any judgment or decree
which may be entered against the Transferor, the Servicer, the Indenture
Trustee, the Issuer and/or any Securityholder in respect of such claim.
(d) The obligations of the Servicer, the Seller and the Transferor
under this Section 9.01 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
Section 9.02. Merger or Consolidation of the Servicer. The Servicer
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shall keep in full effect its existence, rights and franchises as a
corporation, and will obtain and preserve its qualification to do business as
a foreign corporation and maintain such other licenses and permits, in each
jurisdiction necessary to protect the validity and enforceability of this
Agreement or any of the Home Loans and to perform its duties under this
Agreement.
Any Person into which the Servicer may be merged or consolidated, or any
corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which
the Servicer shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to the business of
the Servicer, shall be an Eligible Servicer and shall be the successor of the
Servicer, as applicable hereunder, without the execution or filing of any
paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything
herein to the contrary notwithstanding. The Servicer shall send notice of
any such merger, conversion, consolidation or succession to the Indenture
Trustee and the Issuer.
Section 9.03. Limitation on Liability of the Servicer and Others. The
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Servicer and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Servicer may
rely on any document of any kind which it in good faith reasonably believes
to be genuine and to have been adopted or signed by the proper authorities
respecting any matters arising hereunder. Subject to the terms of Section
9.01 herein, the Servicer shall have no obligation to appear with respect to,
prosecute or defend any legal action which is not incidental to the
Servicer's duty to service the Home Loans in accordance with this Agreement.
Section 9.04. Servicer Not to Resign; Assignment. (a) The Servicer
----------------------------------
shall not resign from the obligations and duties hereby imposed on it except
by mutual consent of the Servicer, the Seller, the Indenture Trustee, the
Issuer and the Majority Securityholders, or upon the determination that the
Servicer's duties hereunder are no longer permissible under applicable law
and such incapacity cannot be cured by the Servicer. Any such determination
permitting the resignation of the Servicer shall be evidenced by a written
opinion of counsel (who may be an employee of the Servicer) to such effect
delivered to the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Seller, which opinion
of counsel shall be in form and substance acceptable to the Indenture Trustee
and the Issuer. No such resignation shall become effective until the
Indenture Trustee or a successor servicer has assumed the Servicer's
responsibilities and obligations hereunder in accordance with Section 10.02.
(b) The Servicer shall not assign this Agreement or any of its
obligations, rights and duties hereunder without the prior written consent of
the Seller, the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Majority
Securityholders; provided, however, the Servicer may assign this Agreement
(i) without the prior written consent of the Seller, the Indenture Trustee
and the Issuer, but with the prior written consent of the Majority
Securityholders to the Indenture Trustee or (ii) without the prior written
consent of the Seller, but with the prior written consent of the Indenture
Trustee, the Issuer and the Majority Securityholders, to any Person that (A)
services not less than $25,000,000 in aggregate outstanding principal amount
of loans similar in type to the Home Loans, (B) has a net worth of not less
than $2,500,000, (C) has a blanket fidelity bond and errors and omissions
insurance coverage satisfying the requirements set forth in Section 4.03 and
(D) will not cause any rating of any Class of the Securities in effect
immediately prior to such assignment to be qualified, downgraded or
withdrawn, as evidenced by a letter from each Rating Agency to such effect.
Any such assignment to a successor servicer (other than the Indenture
Trustee) shall be effective only upon delivery to the Indenture Trustee and
the Issuer of an agreement, duly executed by the Servicer and such successor
servicer in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee and the
Issuer, in which such successor servicer shall assume the due and punctual
performance of each covenant and condition to be performed or observed by the
Servicer hereunder.
Section 9.05. Relationship of Servicer to the Issuer and the Indenture
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Trustee. The relationship of the Servicer (and of any successor to the
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Servicer as servicer under this Agreement) to the Issuer and the Indenture
Trustee under this Agreement is intended by the parties hereto to be that of
an independent contractor and not of a joint venturer, agent or partner of
the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee.
ARTICLE X
DEFAULT
Section 10.01. Events of Default. (a) In case one or more of the
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following Events of Default by the Servicer shall occur and be continuing,
that is to say:
(i) any failure by the Servicer to deposit in the Collection
Account in accordance with Section 5.01(b) any payments in respect of
the Home Loans received by the Servicer no later than the second
Business Day following the day on which such payments were received; or
(ii) any failure by the Servicer duly to observe or perform,
in any material respect, any other covenants, obligations or agreements
of the Servicer as set forth in this Agreement (other than a covenant,
obligation or agreement, or default in the observance of which, that is
elsewhere in this Section 10.01 specifically dealt with), which failure
continues unremedied for a period of 60 days after the date on which
written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and
stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder, shall have
been given (a) to the Servicer by the Indenture Trustee or the Issuer,
or (b) to the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee or the Issuer by any
Securityholder; or
(iii) (A) the entry by a court or supervisory authority having
jurisdiction of a decree or order for relief in respect of the Servicer
in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or
state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar law or
(B) the appointment a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee,
trustee, sequestrator, or other similar official of such member or of
any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or
liquidation of the Servicer's affairs, and the continuance of any such
decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed
and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or
(iv) the commencement by the Servicer of a voluntary case or
proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding
to be adjudicated bankrupt or insolvent or the consent by the Servicer
to the entry of a decree or order for relief in respect of itself in an
involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or state
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar law or to the
commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against
the Servicer, or the filing by the Servicer of a petition or answer or
consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable federal or
state law, or the consent by the Servicer to the filing of such petition
or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian, receiver,
liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, or similar official of the
Servicer or of any substantial part of its property, or the making by
the Servicer of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the
Servicer's failure to pay its debts generally as they become due, or the
taking of corporate action by the Servicer in furtherance of any such
action; or
(v) the Servicer shall admit in writing its inability to pay
its debts as they become due, file a petition to take advantage of any
applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, make an assignment for
the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspend payment of its
obligations; or
(vi) the Majority Securityholders (A) shall receive notice
from the Servicer that the Servicer is no longer able to discharge its
duties under this Agreement or (B) shall determine, in their reasonable
judgment and based upon published reports (including wire services),
which they reasonably believe in good faith to be reliable, that the
Servicer
a) has experienced a material adverse change in its
business, assets, liabilities, operations, condition
(financial or otherwise) or prospects,
b) has defaulted on any of its material obligations, or
c) has ceased to conduct its business in the ordinary
course; or
(vii) as of any Determination Date, the total Expected Loan
Loss Percentage (as defined below) exceeds (1) up to the fifth (5th)
anniversary of the Cut-Off Date, 20.5%, or (2) thereafter, 30.75% (where
the "Expected Loan Loss Percentage" shall be the sum of (A) the
cumulative Net Loan Losses divided by the Assumed Pool Principal
Balance, plus (B) 25% of the aggregate Principal Balance of the Home
Loans which are then more than 30 but less than 60 days delinquent
divided by the Assumed Pool Principal Balance, plus (C) 50% of the
aggregate Principal Balance of the Home Loans which are then more than
60 but less than 90 days delinquent divided by the Assumed Pool
Principal Balance, plus (D) 100% of the aggregate Principal Balance of
the Home Loans which are then more than 90 days delinquent divided by
the Assumed Pool Principal Balance).
(b) then, and in each and every such case, so long as an Event of
Default shall not have been remedied, the Majority Securityholders, the
Indenture Trustee or the Issuer by notice in writing to the Servicer and each
Rating Agency may, in addition to whatever rights such Person may have at law
or equity to damages, including injunctive relief and specific performance
terminate all the rights and obligations of the Servicer under this Agreement
and in and to the Home Loans and the proceeds thereof, as servicer under this
Agreement. Upon receipt by the Servicer of such written notice, all
authority and power of the Servicer under this Agreement, whether with
respect to the Home Loans or otherwise, shall, subject to Section 10.02, pass
to and be vested in a successor servicer acceptable to the Rating Agencies,
or the Indenture Trustee if a successor servicer cannot be retained in a
timely manner, and the successor servicer, or Indenture Trustee, as
applicable, is hereby authorized and empowered to execute and deliver, on
behalf of the Servicer, as attorney-in-fact or otherwise, any and all
documents and other instruments and do or cause to be done all other acts or
things necessary or appropriate to effect the purposes of such notice of
termination, including, but not limited to, the transfer and endorsement or
assignment of the Home Loans and related documents. The Servicer agrees to
cooperate with the successor servicer in effecting the termination of the
Servicer's responsibilities and rights hereunder, including, without
limitation, the transfer to the successor servicer for administration by it
of all amounts which shall at the time be credited by the Servicer to each
Collection Account or thereafter received with respect to the Home Loans.
Section 10.02. Indenture Trustee to Act; Appointment of Successor. On
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and after the date the Servicer receives a notice of termination pursuant to
Section 10.01, or the Indenture Trustee receives the resignation of the
Servicer evidenced by an opinion of counsel or accompanied by the consents
required by Section 9.04, or the Servicer is removed as Servicer pursuant to
this Article X, then, subject to Section 4.08, the Indenture Trustee, with
the consent of the Majority Securityholders, shall appoint a successor
Servicer acceptable to the Rating Agencies to be the successor in all
respects to the Servicer in its capacity as Servicer under this Agreement and
the transactions set forth or provided for herein and shall be subject to all
the responsibilities, duties and liabilities relating thereto placed on the
Servicer by the terms and provisions hereof; provided, however, that the
successor Servicer shall not be liable for any actions of any Servicer prior
to it; provided further, however, that if a successor Servicer cannot be
retained in a timely manner, the Indenture Trustee shall act as successor
Servicer and shall assume the responsibilities of the Servicer hereunder. In
the event that the Indenture Trustee assumed the responsibilities of Servicer
pursuant to this Section 10.02, the Indenture Trustee will become licensed,
qualified and in good standing in each Mortgaged Property State the laws of
which require licensing or qualification, in order to perform its obligations
as Servicer hereunder or, alternatively, shall retain an agent who is so
licensed, qualified and in good standing in any such Mortgaged Property
State. The successor Servicer shall be obligated to make Servicing Advances
hereunder. As compensation therefor, the successor Servicer appointed
pursuant to this Section 10.02, shall be entitled to all Servicing
Compensation as provided in this Agreement. The Servicer shall not be
entitled to any termination fee if it is terminated pursuant to Section
10.01, but shall be entitled to any accrued and unpaid Servicing Fee to the
date of termination. Any collections received by the prior Servicer after
its removal or resignation shall be endorsed by it to the Indenture Trustee
and remitted directly to the Indenture Trustee or, at the direction of the
Indenture Trustee, to the successor Servicer.
The compensation of any successor Servicer (including, without
limitation, the Indenture Trustee) so appointed shall be the Servicing Fee,
together with other Servicing Compensation provided for herein. In the event
the Indenture Trustee is required to solicit bids to appoint a successor
Servicer, the Indenture Trustee shall solicit, by public announcement, bids
from housing and home finance institutions, banks and mortgage servicing
institutions meeting the qualifications set forth in Section 9.04(b)(ii)
above. Such public announcement shall specify that the successor Servicer
shall be entitled to the full amount of the Servicing Fee and Servicing
Compensation provided for herein. Within thirty days after any such public
announcement, the Indenture Trustee shall negotiate and effect the sale,
transfer and assignment of the servicing rights and responsibilities
hereunder to the qualified party submitting the highest qualifying bid. The
Indenture Trustee shall deduct from any sum received by the Indenture Trustee
from the successor Servicer in respect of such sale, transfer and assignment
all costs and expenses of any public announcement and of any sale, transfer
and assignment of the servicing rights and responsibilities hereunder and the
amount of any unreimbursed Servicing Advances made by the Indenture Trustee.
After such deductions, the remainder of such sum shall be paid by the
Indenture Trustee to the Servicer at the time of such sale, transfer and
assignment to the successor Servicer.
The Indenture Trustee, the Issuer, any Custodian, the Servicer and any
such successor Servicer shall take such action, consistent with this
Agreement, as shall be necessary to effectuate any such succession of a
successor Servicer. The Servicer agrees to cooperate with the Indenture
Trustee and any successor Servicer in effecting the termination of the
Servicer's servicing responsibilities and rights hereunder and shall promptly
provide the Indenture Trustee or such successor Servicer, as applicable, all
documents and records reasonably requested by the applicable party to enable
it to assume the Servicer's functions hereunder and shall promptly also
transfer to the Indenture Trustee or such successor Servicer, as applicable,
all amounts which then have been or should have been deposited in the
Collection Account by the Servicer or which are thereafter received with
respect to the Home Loans. Neither the Indenture Trustee nor any other
successor Servicer shall be held liable by reason of any failure to make, or
any delay in making, any payment hereunder or any portion thereof caused by
(i) the failure of the prior Servicer to deliver, or any delay in delivering,
cash, documents or records to it, or (ii) restrictions relating to the prior
Servicer imposed by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction over the
prior Servicer. No appointment of a successor Servicer hereunder shall be
effective until written notice of such proposed appointment shall have been
provided by the Indenture Trustee to each Securityholder, the Issuer and the
Seller and, except in the case of the appointment of the Indenture Trustee as
successor Servicer (when no consent shall be required), the Seller, the
Majority Securityholders and the Issuer shall have consented thereto.
Pending appointment of a successor Servicer hereunder, the Indenture
Trustee shall act as Servicer hereunder as hereinabove provided. In
connection with such appointment and assumption, the Indenture Trustee may
make such arrangements for the compensation of such successor Servicer as it
and such successor Servicer shall agree; provided, however, that no such
compensation shall be in excess of the Servicing Compensation in the form of
assumption fees, late payment charges or otherwise as provided in this
Agreement.
Section 10.03. Waiver of Defaults. The Majority Securityholders may,
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on behalf of all Securityholders, waive any events permitting removal of the
Servicer as servicer pursuant to this Article X, provided, however, that the
Majority Securityholders may not waive a default in making a required payment
or distribution on a Security or Residual Interest without the consent of the
related Securityholder or holders of the Residual Interest. Upon any waiver
of a past default, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of
Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been remedied for every
purpose of this Agreement. No such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other default or impair any right consequent thereto except to the extent
expressly so waived.
Section 10.04. Accounting Upon Termination of Servicer. Upon
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termination of the Servicer under this Article X, the Servicer shall, at its
own expense:
(a) deliver to its successor or, if none shall yet have been appointed,
to the Indenture Trustee, the funds in any Collection Account;
(b) deliver to its successor or, if none shall yet have been appointed,
to the Indenture Trustee, all of the Servicer's files, documents and
statements relating to the Home Loans held by it hereunder and a Home Loan
portfolio computer tape;
(c) deliver to its successor or, if none shall yet have been appointed,
to the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Securityholders a full
accounting of all funds, including a statement showing the Monthly Payments
collected by it and a statement of monies held in trust by it for payments or
charges with respect to the Home Loans; and
(d) execute and deliver such instruments and perform all acts
reasonably requested in order to effect the orderly and efficient transfer of
servicing of the Home Loans to its successor and to more fully and
definitively vest in such successor all rights, powers, duties,
responsibilities, obligations and liabilities of the Servicer under this
Agreement.
ARTICLE XI
TERMINATION
Section 11.01. Termination. (a) This Agreement shall terminate upon
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any of the following events: (i) the later of (a) the satisfaction and
discharge of the Indenture pursuant to Section 4.1 of the Indenture and
Notice to the Indenture Trustee of such discharge and (b) the disposition of
all funds with respect to the last Home Loan and the remittance of all funds
due hereunder; (ii) payment of all amounts due and payable to the
Securityholders, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the
Co-Owner Trustee and the Issuer pursuant to this Agreement and the Indenture
and written notice to the Indenture Trustee from the Issuer of the Issuer's
intent to terminate this Agreement; or (iii) mutual written consent of the
Servicer, the Seller, the Transferor and all Securityholders in writing.
(b) Notice of termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section
11.01(a)(i) shall be sent by the Indenture Trustee to the Securityholders in
accordance with Section 2.6(b) of the Indenture. Notice of termination of
this Agreement pursuant to Section 11.01(a)(ii) or (iii) shall be mailed or
transmitted by facsimile by the Indenture Trustee to the Securityholders on
the Business Day immediately following the day on which the Indenture Trustee
receives notice of such termination, and such notice to the Securityholders
shall state that the Securityholders are to surrender their respective
Securities for cancellation and shall specify the place where such Securities
are to be surrendered.
Section 11.02. Optional Termination by Seller.
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(a) (Reserved)
(b) The Seller may, at its option, effect an early redemption or
termination of the Securities on or after any Payment Date on which the Pool
Principal Balance declines to 10% or less of the Assumed Pool Principal
Balance as of the Closing Date. The Seller shall effect such early
redemption or termination by providing notice thereof to the Indenture
Trustee and Owner Trustee and by paying into the Collection Account in the
manner described below an amount equal to the Termination Price.
(c) Any early redemption and termination by the Seller pursuant to
Sections 11.01(b) shall be accomplished by depositing the Termination Price
into the Collection Account on the Determination Date immediately preceding
the Payment Date on which the early redemption or termination is to occur.
The amount so deposited and any other amounts then on deposit in the
Collection Account (other than any amounts not required to have been
deposited therein pursuant to Section 5.01(b)(1) and any amounts withdrawable
therefrom by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 5.01(d)) shall be
transferred to the Note Payment Account pursuant to Section 5.01(b)(2) for
payment or distribution to Securityholders on the final Payment Date; and any
amounts received with respect to the Home Loans and Foreclosure Properties
subsequent to the Due Period immediately preceding such final Payment Date
shall belong to the Seller. For purposes of calculating the payments and
distributions to be made on the final Payment Date, amounts transferred to
the Note Payment Account immediately preceding such final Payment Date shall
in all cases be deemed to have been received during the related Due Period,
and amounts so transferred shall be applied pursuant to Section 5.01(d).
Section 11.03. Notice of Termination. Notice of termination of this
---------------------
Agreement or of early redemption and termination of the Securities shall be
sent (i) by the Indenture Trustee to the Noteholders in accordance with
Section 10.2 of the Indenture and (ii) by the Owner Trustee to the
Certificateholder in accordance with Section 9.1(d) of the Trust Agreement.
ARTICLE XII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
Section 12.01. Acts of Securityholders. Except as otherwise
-----------------------
specifically provided herein, whenever Securityholder action, consent or
approval is required under this Agreement, such action, consent or approval
shall be deemed to have been taken or given on behalf of, and shall be
binding upon, all Securityholders if the Majority Securityholders agree to
take such action or give such consent or approval.
Section 12.02. Amendment. (a) This Agreement may be amended from time
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to time by the Issuer, the Seller, the Servicer, the Transferor and the
Indenture Trustee by written agreement with notice thereof to the
Securityholders, without the consent of any of the Securityholders, to cure
any error or ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions hereof which
may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions hereof, to add any
other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this
Agreement; provided, however, that such action will not adversely affect in
any material respect the interests of the Securityholders. An amendment
described above shall be deemed not to adversely affect in any material
respect the interests of the Securityholders if either (i) an opinion of
counsel is obtained to such effect, or (ii) the party requesting the
amendment obtains a letter from each of the Rating Agencies confirming that
the amendment, if made, would not result in the downgrading or withdrawal of
the rating then assigned by the respective Rating Agency to any Class of
Securities then outstanding.
(b) This Agreement may also be amended from time to time by the Issuer,
the Seller, the Servicer, the Transferor and the Indenture Trustee by written
agreement, with the prior written consent of the Majority Securityholders,
for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or
eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any
manner the rights of the Securityholders; provided, however, that no such
amendment shall (i) reduce in any manner the amount of, or delay the timing
of, collections of payments on Home Loans or payments or distributions which
are required to be made on any Security, without the consent of the holders
of 100% of each Class of Securities affected thereby, (ii) adversely affect
in any material respect the interests of the holders of any Class of
Securities in any manner other than as described in (i), without the consent
of the holders of 100% of such Class of Securities, or (iii) reduce the
percentage of any Class of Securities, the holders of which are required to
consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of 100% of
such Class of Securities.
(c) It shall not be necessary for the consent of Securityholders under
this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it
shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.
(d) Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement, the
Issuer shall be entitled to receive and rely upon an opinion of counsel
stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by
this Agreement. The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be
obligated to, enter into any such amendment which affects such Person's own
rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement.
Section 12.03. Recordation of Agreement. To the extent permitted by
------------------------
applicable law, this Agreement, or a memorandum thereof if permitted under
applicable law, is subject to recordation in all appropriate public offices
for real property records in all of the counties or other comparable
jurisdictions in which any or all of the Mortgaged Properties are situated,
and in any other appropriate public recording office or elsewhere, such
recordation to be effected by the Servicer at the Securityholders' expense on
direction of the Majority Securityholders, but only when accompanied by an
opinion of counsel to the effect that such recordation materially and
beneficially affects the interests of the Securityholders or is necessary for
the administration or servicing of the Home Loans.
Section 12.04. Duration of Agreement. This Agreement shall continue
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in existence and effect until terminated as herein provided.
Section 12.05. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN
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ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS
AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
SUCH LAWS, AND, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO
PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW.
Section 12.06. Notices. All demands, notices and communications
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hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if
personally delivered at or mailed by overnight mail, certified mail or
registered mail, postage prepaid, to: (i) in the case of the Seller,
FIRSTPLUS Investment Corporation, 3773 Howard Hughes Parkway, Suite 300N, Las
Vegas, Nevada 89109, Attention: Russ Ungerman, or such other addresses as
may hereafter be furnished to the Securityholders and the other parties
hereto in writing by the Seller, (ii) in the case of the Issuer, FIRSTPLUS
Home Loan Owner Trust 1998-1, c/o Wilmington Trust Company, Rodney Square
North, 1100 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19890, Attention:
Emmett R. Harmon, or such other address as may hereafter be furnished to the
Securityholders and the other parties hereto, (iii) in the case of the
Transferor and the Servicer, FIRSTPLUS Financial, Inc., 1600 Viceroy, 7th
Floor, Dallas, Texas 75235, Attention: Lee Reddin, or such other address as
may hereafter be furnished to the Securityholders and the other parties
hereto in writing by the Servicer or the Transferor, (iv) in the case of the
Indenture Trustee or Co-Owner Trustee, U.S. Bank National Association,
180 East Fifth Street, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101, Attention: Structured
Finance, FIRSTPLUS 1998-1, and (v) in the case of the Securityholders, as set
forth in the applicable Note Register and Certificate Register. Any such
notices shall be deemed to be effective with respect to any party hereto upon
the receipt of such notice by such party, provided, however, that a facsimile
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or other form of electronic transmission shall be deemed to be received by
the parties referred to in (i) to (v) above when transmitted so long as the
transmitting machine has provided an electronic confirmation of such
transmission and such facsimile or other form of electronic transmission is
confirmed with a printed paper copy thereof by mail or overnight courier
service; and provided, further, that any delivery of computer readable format
hereunder shall be accompanied or confirmed by the delivery of a printed
paper copy thereof. Notices to the Securityholders shall be effective upon
mailing or personal delivery. Each party may, by notice, designate any
further or different address to which subsequent notices, certificates or
other communications to such party shall be sent.
Section 12.07. Severability of Provisions. If any one or more of the
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covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall be held
invalid for any reason whatsoever, then such covenants, agreements,
provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants,
agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect
the validity or enforceability of the other covenants, agreements, provisions
or terms of this Agreement.
Section 12.08. No Partnership. Nothing herein contained shall be
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deemed or construed to create any partnership or joint venture between the
parties hereto and the services of the Servicer shall be rendered as an
independent contractor.
Section 12.09. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or
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more counterparts and by the different parties hereto on separate
counterparts, each of which, when so executed, shall be deemed to be an
original; such counterparts, together, shall constitute one and the same
Agreement.
Section 12.10. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to
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the benefit of and be binding upon the Servicer, the Transferor, the Seller,
the Issuer and the Securityholders and their respective successors and
permitted assigns.
Section 12.11. Headings. The headings of the various sections of this
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Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not
be deemed to be part of this Agreement.
Section 12.12. Actions of Securityholders. (a) Any request, demand,
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authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Agreement to be given or taken by Securityholders may be embodied in and
evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by
such Securityholders in person or by agent duly appointed in writing; and
except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become
effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Indenture
Trustee, the Seller, the Servicer or the Issuer. Proof of execution of any
such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient
for any purpose of this Agreement and conclusive in favor of the Seller, the
Servicer and the Issuer if made in the manner provided in this Section.
(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Securityholder of any
such instrument or writing may be proved in any reasonable manner which the
Seller, the Servicer or the Issuer deems sufficient.
(c) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other act by a Securityholder shall bind every holder of every
Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange
therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of anything done, or omitted to be
done, by the Indenture Trustee, the Seller, the Servicer or the Issuer in
reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such
Security.
(d) The Seller, the Servicer or the Issuer may require additional proof
of any matter referred to in this Section 12.12 as it shall deem necessary.
Section 12.13. Reports to Rating Agencies. (a) The Indenture Trustee
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shall provide to each Rating Agency copies of statements, reports and
notices, to the extent received by it from the Servicer, the Transferor or
the Issuer hereunder, as follows:
(i) copies of amendments to this Agreement;
(ii) notice of any substitution or repurchase of any Home
Loans;
(iii) notice of any termination, replacement, succession,
merger or consolidation of either the Servicer, any Custodian or the
Issuer;
(iv) notice of final payment on the Notes and the final
distribution with respect to the Residual Interest Certificate;
(v) notice of the occurrence of any Event of Default;
(vi) copies of the annual independent auditor's report
delivered pursuant to Section 7.05, and copies of any compliance reports
delivered by the Servicer hereunder including Section 7.04; and
(vii) copies of any Servicer's Monthly Statement pursuant to
Section 6.02(b); and
(b) With respect to the requirement of the Indenture Trustee to provide
statements, reports and notices to the Rating Agencies such statements,
reports and notices shall be delivered to the Rating Agencies at the
following addresses: (i) if to S&P, 26 Broadway, 15th Floor, New York, New
York 10004-1064, Attention: Asset-Backed Monitoring Department, (ii) if to
Fitch, One State Street Plaza, New York, New York 10004 and (iii) if to DCR,
55 East Monroe Street, 38th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60603, Attention: RMBS
Monitoring.
Section 12.14. (Reserved).
Section 12.15. No Petition. Each of the Indenture Trustee, the Seller
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and the Servicer by entering into this Agreement, hereby covenants and agrees
that it will not at any time institute against the Issuer, or join in any
institution against the Issuer of, any bankruptcy, reorganization,
arrangement, insolvency or liquidation proceedings, or other proceedings
under any United States federal or state bankruptcy or similar law in
connection with any obligations relating to the Securities or any of the
Basic Documents.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Servicer, the Transferor, the Issuer and the
Seller have caused their names to be signed by their respective officers
thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written, to
this Sale and Servicing Agreement.
FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1,
By: Wilmington Trust Company, as Owner Trustee
By: /s/ James P. Lawler
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Name: James P. Lawler
Title: Vice President
FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION, as Seller
By: /s/ Lee F. Reddin
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Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL, INC., as Transferor and Servicer
By: /s/ Lee F. Reddin
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Name: Lee F. Reddin
Title: Vice President
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Indenture Trustee and Co-Owner Trustee
By: /s/ Jim Kaufman
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Name: Jim Kaufman
Title: Assistant Vice President
THE STATE OF TEXAS )
)
COUNTY OF DALLAS )
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, a Notary Public, on this day
personally appeared Lee Reddin, known to me to be the person and officer
whose name subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that
the same was the act of the said FIRSTPLUS FINANCIAL, INC., a Texas
corporation, and that he executed the same as the act of such corporation for
the purposes and consideration therein expressed, and in the capacity therein
stated.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this the 24th day of February,
1998.
/s/ Debra Villarreal
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Notary Public, State of Texas
8-14-99
THE STATE OF TEXAS )
)
COUNTY OF DALLAS )
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, a Notary Public, on this day
personally appeared Lee Reddin, known to me to be the person and officer
whose name subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that
the same was the act of the said FIRSTPLUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION, a Nevada
corporation, and that he executed the same as the act of such corporation for
the purposes and consideration therein expressed, and in the capacity therein
stated.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this the 24th day of February,
1998.
/s/ Debra Villareal
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Notary Public, State of Texas
8-14-99
THE STATE OF DELAWARE )
)
COUNTY OF NEWCASTLE )
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, a Notary Public, on this day
personally appeared James P. Lawler, known to me to be the person and officer
whose name subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that
the same was the act of the said FIRSTPLUS HOME LOAN OWNER TRUST 1998-1, as
Issuer, and that he executed the same as the act of such association for the
purposes and consideration therein expressed, and in the capacity therein
stated.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this the 24th day of February,
1998.
/s/ Kathleen A. Pedelini
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Notary Public, State of Delaware
My commission expires:
Kathleen A. Pedelini
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October 31, 1998. (printed name)
THE STATE OF MINNESOTA )
)
COUNTY OF RAMSEY )
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, a Notary Public, on this day
personally appeared J.T. Kaufman, known to me to be the person and officer
whose name subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that
the same was the act of the said U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Indenture
Trustee, and that she executed the same as the act of such association for
the purposes and consideration therein expressed, and in the capacity
therein stated.
GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this the 24th day of February,
1998.
/s/ Gina M. Vittori
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Notary Public, State of Minnesota
My commission expires:
Gina M. Vittori
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1/31/00. (printed name)
EXHIBIT A
Home Loan Schedule
(Delivered under Separate Cover)
EXHIBIT B
(Reserved)
EXHIBIT C
(Reserved)
EXHIBIT D
Schedule of Specified Home Loans
