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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(MARK ONE)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 333-70553
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 94-3236644
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
4600 PATRICK HENRY DRIVE, SANTA CLARA, CA 95054
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (408) 876-5000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [ ] NO [X]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant as of February 28, 1999 was approximately $620,734,000.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of
February 28, 1999 was 70,724,652.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report
on Form 10-K. The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of the end of
the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
Item 1. Business....................................................................... 3
Item 2. Properties..................................................................... 12
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.............................................................. 12
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders............................ 12
Item 4A. Executive Officers of the Registrant........................................... 13
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters........... 16
Item 6. Selected Financial Data........................................................ 17
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations.......................................................... 19
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk..................... 33
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplemental Data..................................... 34
Item 9. Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure........................................................... 35
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant............................. 36
Item 11. Executive Compensation......................................................... 36
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management................. 36
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions................................. 36
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule, and Reports on Form 8-K................ 37
Signatures..................................................................................... 41
Summary of Trademarks.......................................................................... 43
Financial Statements........................................................................... 44
Exhibits....................................................................................... 70
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Except for historical information, this Report contains forward-looking
statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking
statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, among other things,
statements regarding our anticipated costs and expenses, revenue mix, product
and service development, relationships with strategic partners and plans for
addressing Year 2000 issues. These forward-looking statements include, among
others, those statements including the words "expects," "anticipates,"
"intends," "believes" and similar language. Our actual results may differ
significantly from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Factors
that might cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited
to, those discussed in the section "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Factors That May Affect Future
Results of Operations." You should carefully review the risks described in other
documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
including the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q that we will file in 1999. You are
cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which
speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.We undertake no
obligation to publicly release any revisions to the forward-looking statements
or reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Healtheon believes a significant opportunity exists to leverage the power
of the Internet to provide secure, open, universally accessible network services
that connect participants and automate workflows throughout the healthcare
delivery process. Healtheon believes that such a solution has the potential to
create significant improvements in the way that information is used by the
healthcare system, enabling improved workflows, better decision-making and,
ultimately, higher quality care at a lower cost.
THE HEALTHEON VIRTUAL HEALTHCARE NETWORK
Healtheon is pioneering the use of the Internet to simplify workflows,
decrease costs and improve the quality of patient care throughout the healthcare
industry. Healtheon has designed an Internet-based information and transaction
platform that allows it to create Virtual Healthcare Networks that facilitate
and streamline interactions among the myriad participants in the healthcare
industry. The Healtheon VHN solution includes a suite of services delivered
through applications operating on its Internet-based platform. Healtheon VHNs
enable the secure exchange of information among disparate healthcare information
systems and support a broad range of healthcare transactions, including
enrollment, eligibility determination, referrals and authorizations, laboratory
and diagnostic test ordering, clinical data retrieval and claims processing.
Healtheon provides its own applications on the Healtheon Platform and also
enables third-party applications to operate on its platform. The Healtheon
Virtual Healthcare Network solution provides the following key benefits:
Elimination of Unnecessary or Redundant Efforts. The Healtheon VHN solution
is designed to reduce paper-based transactions, eliminate redundant data entry,
shorten cycle times and decrease the communication inefficiencies created by
isolated proprietary systems. Healtheon believes that by decreasing redundant
tasks, errors, delays and unnecessary tests and procedures, it can create
efficiencies and reduce costs across the healthcare industry.
Extendibility Across the Continuum of Healthcare. Healtheon leverages the
Internet to provide an open, low-cost information and transaction platform
capable of extending across a wide range of healthcare market segments. The
Healtheon VHN solution is designed to interconnect a broad range of practice
management, managed care, human resources and laboratory information systems.
Healtheon expects the benefits of its solution to increase as it adds customers,
enabling each user to exchange more data and complete more transactions with a
greater number and broader range of other healthcare industry participants.
Scalability and Flexibility. The Healtheon VHN solution is designed to
support Healtheon's customers as their businesses grow and evolve. The Healtheon
Platform is designed to scale to accommodate high volumes of transactions and
large numbers of simultaneous users. In addition, Healtheon's object-oriented
platform provides
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flexibility so that customers can add or modify applications and transaction
capabilities to react to changes in the healthcare marketplace.
High Degree of Security. To enable the use of the Internet for transmission
of highly sensitive and confidential data, Healtheon utilizes advanced
technology designed to ensure a high degree of security. This technology
includes strict authentication requirements, sophisticated data encryption
techniques, system-wide network security monitoring and tightly controlled
physical security systems. These safeguards are designed to provide a secure
environment for the exchange of confidential patient and customer data. The
Healtheon Platform is designed to enable compliance with proposed government
standards under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996,
which mandate the acceptance by payers of electronic transactions as well as the
use of standard transactions, standard identifiers and security features by the
year 2000.
Increased Accuracy and Timeliness of Information. The Healtheon VHN
solution is designed to increase information flows among all healthcare
participants, which ultimately results in more timely and appropriate
treatments. For example, on-line access to accurate, up-to-date eligibility
information facilitates patients' access to care on a more timely basis, reduces
frustration and costs and increases the likelihood that providers will be
compensated for their services in a timely manner. Similarly, using Healtheon's
VHN solution, consumers will have greater access to their healthcare
information, thereby enabling them to become more active participants in the
provision of their own healthcare.
Healtheon believes that these and other benefits provided by its solution
will result in increased quality of care.
HEALTHEON'S SERVICES
Healtheon offers a suite of healthcare transaction and information services
delivered over the Internet or over private intranets and other networks. These
network-based services are provided by software applications operating on or
interfacing with the Healtheon Platform, which is designed to provide
connectivity across the healthcare industry and enable a broad array of secure,
mission-critical healthcare transactions. In addition to its platform and
Internet-based applications, Healtheon provides comprehensive consulting and
implementation services to enable its customers to take full advantage of the
capabilities of Healtheon's platform.
Healtheon provides a broad range of applications and services that support
key healthcare transactions. The components of these application suites can be
combined and modified, or supplemented with new application components, to
provide custom solutions for large, complex, multi-entity business enterprises.
These applications and services are typically sold on a transaction or
subscription fee basis, which varies across customers and market segments. The
following chart summarizes the key transactions supported by Healtheon,
organized by business function.
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CUSTOMERS/
BUSINESS FUNCTION USERS TRANSACTIONS SUPPORTED HEALTHEON SERVICE
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Membership Services Consumers - Enrollment Benefits
Payers - Plan comparison/selection Administration
- Provider search, selection, change
- Benefits inquiry
- Messaging
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Healthcare Administration and Payers - Eligibility determination Healtheon
Financial Management Providers - Referrals Practice
- Authorization Healtheon
- Claims submission and status ProviderWorks*
- Remittance advice ProviderLink
- Provider directories*
- Provider files-management*
- Reporting
- Claims repricing*
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Clinical Information Services Providers - Patient identification and Healtheon Dx*
Suppliers encounter history SCAN+
- Patient registration GMPI+
- Lab orders and results
- Text document/transcription
distribution
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Online Consumer Information Consumers - Access to licensed dictionaries Healtheon
and encyclopedias, medical news and Consumer
other reference sources Portal
- Customized wellness assessments
- Food label and nutritional library
- Secure communications and
transactions with providers and
health plans*
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* Under development
+ Not Internet-enabled
The primary applications and services currently available or under
development are described in greater detail below. Certain of these applications
were acquired by Healtheon and are not yet Internet-enabled; Healtheon is
currently redeveloping or replacing these applications to integrate them with
the Healtheon Platform.
Membership Services. Healtheon provides membership services through its
Benefits Administration service. The Benefits Administration service utilizes
internally developed applications operating on the Healtheon Platform. The
service provides Internet-based connectivity between healthcare payers and
consumers and supports transactions such as selection of health plans and
providers, enrollment for benefits and benefit inquiries. Benefits
Administration users also receive Healtheon's Health Risk Appraisal service,
which provides consumer education in wellness and health risks. Healtheon has
contracted to deploy its Benefits Administration service directly and through
aggregators to 50 companies, covering approximately 190,000 members.
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Healthcare Administration and Financial Management. Healtheon supports or
will support healthcare administration and financial management transactions
through its ProviderLink, Healtheon Practice and Healtheon ProviderWorks
services. ProviderLink was licensed by Healtheon's ActaMed subsidiary from
UnitedHealth Group. Healtheon is currently developing a software interface
between the Healtheon Platform and ProviderLink to integrate ProviderLink with
Healtheon's network-based services. ProviderLink is used by providers to support
transactions and workflows with payers. ProviderLink supports transactions such
as eligibility determinations, claims submission and status, and remittance
advice. For example, physicians use ProviderLink to determine eligibility of
patients to receive care and to submit health claims to payers. ProviderLink is
currently deployed in over 4,600 active provider sites in more than 20 major
markets, and processes over 3.6 million transactions per month.
Healtheon has developed Healtheon Practice, a new Internet-based provider
service with support from Brown & Toland Physician Services Organization, or
Brown & Toland, one of Healtheon's strategic partners. Healtheon Practice, which
is in use at beta sites, is designed to provide all of the functionality of
ProviderLink and also support referrals, authorization, and provider directories
reporting. Providers using the Healtheon Practice service receive real-time
patient eligibility verifications and referral authorizations over the Healtheon
VHN.
Healtheon is developing Healtheon ProviderWorks, a new Internet-based payer
service, with support from Beech Street Corporation, one of Healtheon's
strategic partners. Healtheon ProviderWorks is designed to support the creation
and management of networks of providers. The service is designed to manage
large, complex provider directories and files, manage provider relationships and
contracts and perform certain claim processing functions, such as claim
repricing. See "-- Strategic Relationships."
Clinical Information Services. Healtheon's SCAN product supports ordering
and distribution of clinical tests and test results between SmithKline Beecham
Clinical Laboratories, Inc., or SmithKline Labs, and providers using SmithKline
Labs' services. ActaMed acquired the SCAN application from SmithKline Labs. SCAN
is deployed on approximately 4,650 installed workstations serving physicians
throughout the United States. SCAN is not Internet-enabled; however, Healtheon
is developing a new Internet-enabled application called Healtheon Dx, currently
in beta testing, that will combine the functionality of SCAN and ProviderLink.
See "-- Strategic Relationships."
Healtheon's Global Master Person Index, or "GMPI," enables the unique
identification of a patient and reconciliation of multiple records for the same
patient contained on diverse information systems. GMPI also supports access to
patient data and registration information as well as clinical records. GMPI is
an object-oriented application developed by ActaMed and is not yet
Internet-enabled. Healtheon intends to adapt and implement GMPI functionality on
the Healtheon Platform.
Online Consumer Information. Healtheon's recently introduced Consumer
Portal provides individual consumers with an authoritative source for healthcare
information and is intended to extend Healtheon's transaction services directly
to individual consumers. The Consumer Portal provides access to medical
dictionaries and encyclopedias, medical news, a food label and nutritional
library and customized wellness assessments. These sources include: Miller-Keane
Encyclopedia & Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Allied Health; Dorland's
Illustrated Medical Dictionary; Citizen 1's CitiLine index of authoritative
medical information; A.D.A.M.'s Hypertext Medical Encyclopedia; and Links to
medical headlines via the New York Times Syndicate. Healtheon's business
partners can integrate the Consumer Portal into their own sites to provide their
consumers with a single point of entry into the healthcare community.
Healtheon expects to expand its Consumer Portal to support secure
communications and transactions between consumers and their providers and health
plans.
Other Services. Healtheon also provides professional services to its
customers to enable them to define, develop and implement network-based
information systems that leverage the capabilities of the Healtheon Platform.
These services are typically sold on a fixed fee or time and materials basis.
These services include consulting on information systems strategy related to the
use of the Internet and secure networks, including design of information systems
functional specifications, mapping and redesign of business processes and
identification of enterprise transformation and training requirements to take
advantage of increased connectivity. Healtheon also provides custom development
of applications and enables the deployment of Healtheon services and integration
with legacy information technology systems. In addition, Healtheon provides
transitional network management services of its customers' networks. Healtheon
believes that its success is partially dependent upon its ability to introduce
new
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applications in several healthcare markets in a relatively short period of
time. Healtheon currently offers a limited number of applications on its
platform.
CUSTOMERS AND MARKETS
Healtheon's target customers include providers, payers, suppliers and
consumers. Because Healtheon believes that the value and benefit of Healtheon's
services are directly related to both the number of participants using Healtheon
VHNs and the breadth of functionality supported, it intends initially to focus
on selected regions where it can quickly gain significant market acceptance.
Healtheon is presently targeting a number of regional markets across the United
States.
Providers. Healtheon's target provider customers include aggregators of
individual physicians such as large medical groups, independent practice
associations, physician practice management companies and other large, organized
physician entities. In particular, Healtheon seeks to form strategic
relationships with providers with a high degree of involvement in managed care,
especially providers that are involved in activities such as capitation, which
require them to bear some level of insurance risk for each enrolled patient.
Healtheon's services for these providers include benefit eligibility
determinations, referrals and authorizations, claims processing, ordering of
clinical tests and delivery of results and maintenance of patient histories.
Healtheon also targets as potential customers large integrated delivery networks
that combine multiple healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, outpatient
facilities, labs and diagnostic centers, and affiliate with physicians and
physician groups to coordinate care, contract for managed care lives and manage
healthcare resource utilization. Healtheon offers these customers the following
services: patient identification, patient registration, ordering of clinical
tests and delivery of results and distribution of text documents across the
network. Healtheon's current customers in this category include Brown & Toland,
Baylor Health Care System, Hill Physician Group, Promina Health System and the
Greater Dayton Area Hospital Association.
Payers. Healtheon's target payer customers include managed care
organizations, indemnity insurers, third-party administrators and federal and
state governmental agencies. Healtheon targets managed care organization
customers, such as mid-sized to large HMOs and PPOs. Healtheon's services for
these customers include eligibility determination, member customer service
functions, referral and authorization management, coordination of provider files
and directories, and submission and tracking of claims and patient encounter
reports. Healtheon targets indemnity insurer and third-party administrator
customers, such as mid-sized to large commercial entities, Medicare and other
agencies of federal and state government. Healtheon's current customers in this
category include UnitedHealth Group, Beech Street, Sun Life of Canada, Blue
Shield of California, CIGNA HealthCare and the Health Care Financing
Administration.
Suppliers. Healtheon's target supplier customers include large national
laboratory companies, pharmaceutical companies and pharmacy benefit managers.
Healtheon's services for laboratory companies include ordering clinical tests
and reporting test results. Healtheon's customers in this category include
SmithKline Labs and Schering Corporation.
Consumers. Healtheon's target consumer customers include employers, health
plans and health plan brokers. Healtheon's services in this area include a
consumer web portal, health plan enrollment, benefits administration and
membership coordination. Healtheon's target employer group includes mid-sized
and large employers and, particularly, self-funded employers that have complex
benefits management needs. Healtheon's target health plan broker customers
include mid-sized to large brokers that aggregate small and medium employers and
administer healthcare benefits on their behalf. Healtheon has contracted to
deploy its Benefits Administration services directly and through aggregators to
50 companies, covering approximately 190,000 members.
STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS
Healtheon has entered into several strategic relationships that it believes
will enhance its application portfolio, provide important specialized industry
expertise, increase its market penetration, and generate revenue. Certain of
these relationships are described below:
UnitedHealth Group. UnitedHealth Group is one of the largest health and
well-being enterprises in the United States. UnitedHealth Group is Healtheon's
second largest stockholder and owns approximately 12.7% of Healtheon's common
stock. In March 1996, Healtheon acquired UnitedHealth Group's ProviderLink
network which currently supports over 4,600 active
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provider sites in more than 20 major markets servicing over 3.6 million
transactions per month. Healtheon earns transaction fee revenue by providing
certain healthcare information services to UnitedHealth Group, members of
UnitedHealth Group's provider network and ProviderLink subscribers.
In April 1996, Healtheon and UnitedHealth Group entered into a Services and
License Agreement, or the UnitedHealth Group Agreement, under which Healtheon,
using ProviderLink, provides claims processing, referral, eligibility and
enrollment services, to UnitedHealth Group's managed care providers and
customers. Under the UnitedHealth Group Agreement, Healtheon currently receives
a monthly fee for each user site enrolled with UnitedHealth Group and a fee per
transaction. However, the UnitedHealth Group Agreement does not guarantee any
minimum level of transactions or payments to Healtheon. The UnitedHealth Group
Agreement has a five year term; however, the agreement provides that two years
after the date of the agreement, the parties will agree on new prices that will
be competitive with the marketplace. Healtheon and UnitedHealth Group are
currently negotiating the new prices, and Healtheon anticipates that the new
prices will reduce the rates paid by UnitedHealth Group. UnitedHealth Group has
also agreed during the term of the UnitedHealth Group Agreement not to promote
or contract for services providing the same functionality as that provided by
Healtheon, although UnitedHealth Group is permitted to continue to utilize
services it was utilizing when it entered into the UnitedHealth Group Agreement.
In addition, Healtheon has developed PLNet, an Internet-based version of
ProviderLink, which Healtheon intends to integrate into the Healtheon Platform
and offer to other major healthcare payers and providers. Healtheon is working
with UnitedHealth Group to expand the applications and content available to
UnitedHealth Group's provider network, to increase the size and geographic reach
of its provider network, and to assimilate newly acquired health plans. William
McGuire, M.D., the Chairman and CEO of UnitedHealth Group, is a member of
Healtheon's Board of Directors. The UnitedHealth Group Agreement is effective
through March 2001, subject to earlier termination in the event Healtheon fails
to meet certain network performance standards or otherwise breaches its material
obligations under the UnitedHealth Group Agreement.
SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories, Inc. SmithKline Labs, a
subsidiary of SmithKline Beecham, is one of the largest independent clinical
laboratories in the United States. SmithKline Beecham is a stockholder of
Healtheon and owns approximately 8.8% of Healtheon's common stock. In December
1997, Healtheon and SmithKline Labs entered into a Services Agreement, or the
Services Agreement, under which Healtheon provides lab orders and results to
providers that use SCAN. SmithKline Labs has also agreed to promote Healtheon as
its preferred vendor for laboratory electronic connectivity services.
Healtheon acquired SCAN-related assets from SmithKline Labs, including
approximately 4,200 installed workstations in physicians' offices, hospitals and
other provider offices. Healtheon is currently developing Healtheon Dx, an
Internet-enabled version of the SCAN system, which Healtheon plans to integrate
into the Healtheon Platform and to offer to physicians using SmithKline Labs'
services or to physicians using other laboratories. Tadataka Yamada, M.D.,
Chairman Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals of SmithKline Beecham, is a
member of Healtheon's Board of Directors. The Services Agreement is effective
through December 2002, with options for successive two-year renewals, subject to
earlier termination in the event Healtheon fails to meet certain network
performance standards or if Healtheon otherwise breaches its material
obligations under the Services Agreement. The Services Agreement provides that
the parties will negotiate new rates as of January 1, 2001 and each two years
thereafter. Under the Services Agreement, the renegotiated rates must be
competitive with the marketplace and must be no higher than the lowest fees
charged by Healtheon to similarly situated customers.
In December 1998, Healtheon agreed to purchase, and in January 1999,
Healtheon purchased certain assets used by SmithKline Labs to provide laboratory
results delivery services in exchange for $2.0 million in cash and approximately
1.8 million shares of Healtheon's common stock. Healtheon and SmithKline Labs
entered into a related services agreement under which Healtheon will provide
certain electronic laboratory results delivery services to approximately 20,000
provider sites, in addition to the sites currently served through the SCAN
service. The services agreement has a five year term.
On February 9, 1999, SmithKline Beecham announced that it has agreed to
sell SmithKline Labs to Quest Diagnostics, Incorporated. SmithKline Labs has
been one of our strategic partners since December 1997, and our relationship
with them has been beneficial. We expect our agreements with SmithKline Labs to
remain in effect as a result of the acquisition.
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Brown & Toland Physician Services Organization. Brown & Toland Medical
Group, or BTMG, based in San Francisco, California, is a partnership of
approximately 2,000 physicians representing a merger of physicians from
California Pacific Medical Center, the University of California-San Francisco
and Stanford University. Brown & Toland, a wholly owned subsidiary of BTMG, is
the management company that administers the managed care risk business on behalf
of BTMG and other physician organizations. In December 1997, Healtheon and Brown
& Toland entered into an agreement under which Healtheon is developing Healtheon
Practice, which Healtheon intends to market to Brown & Toland and other payers
and providers. Healtheon also manages the information technology operations of
Brown & Toland. Through its relationship with Brown & Toland, Healtheon believes
it is gaining valuable industry-segment expertise from a leader in managed care
and accelerating its market presence in the San Francisco Bay Area. Healtheon's
agreement with Brown & Toland is effective through September 2000, although it
may be terminated by either party upon 120 days' notice.
Beech Street Corporation. Beech Street is one of the largest PPOs in the
United States. Beech Street's PPO network consists of approximately 4,300
hospitals and 320,000 physician locations serving 15 million individuals in 49
states, and its clients consist of major self-insured employers, insurance
companies and third-party administrators. In December 1997, Healtheon and Beech
Street have entered into an agreement under which Healtheon is developing
Healtheon ProviderWorks, which Healtheon intends to offer to Beech Street and to
other payers and providers. Healtheon also manages the information technology
operations of Beech Street. The relationship with Beech Street provides
Healtheon with important industry-segment expertise and a strategic entry-point
into the PPO market segment. Healtheon's agreement with Beech Street is
effective through December 2002, although it may be terminated by either party
upon 180 days' notice.
THE HEALTHEON PLATFORM
The Healtheon Platform is a CORBA-based distributed application framework,
combined with software tools that ensure security, scalability, availability,
reliability and manageability, on which transaction intensive applications can
be delivered over the Internet or over other distributed environments. The
Healtheon Platform is deployed on a server complex at the Healtheon data center
in Santa Clara, California, which consists of SUN Solaris servers in a fault
tolerant configuration and redundant or fault tolerant network components. The
Healtheon Platform includes the following features:
Security. The Healtheon Platform is designed to ensure the privacy and
integrity of data and communications by using a combination of security
methodologies to provide multiple lines of defense. All Internet communications
between Healtheon and its users employ the Secure Sockets Layer protocol. In
addition, Healtheon utilizes server digital certificates and username/password
schemes to authenticate users. Each user has a unique user ID and has one or
more roles that define the types of functionality and data access available. All
Healtheon's applications record logging information, creating an audit trail,
and protect privacy by encrypting sensitive data. Healtheon also uses a
multi-layered firewall complex to secure the Healtheon network infrastructure.
In addition, network vulnerability scanners are used on a regular basis to
actively monitor security status. Healtheon's physical security systems at its
Santa Clara facility consist of comprehensive physical controls and
multi-layered internal network and information system safeguards. The physical
controls include using fingerprint authentication, dual-level access points, and
multiple alarm systems.
Scalability. The Healtheon Platform utilizes CORBA-based middleware, which
enables a highly scalable distributed applications infrastructure. The platform
enables an application to run simultaneously on multiple host systems, allowing
for large numbers of simultaneous users while at the same time optimizing
network performance and resource utilization. In addition, the Healtheon
Platform has been designed to transparently deploy new services and hardware
while existing applications remain operational. Finally, the Healtheon Platform
reduces communications bottlenecks resulting from limited numbers of connections
to database servers through intelligent management of database connections and
object caches that reduce the need to query database servers for frequently used
data.
Rapid Application Development and Integration. The Healtheon Platform is
designed to enable rapid application development and integration. The platform
supports object-oriented programming, which accelerates the design process
through object reuse. Healtheon maintains a comprehensive set of object
libraries, called core services, that allows developers to build complex
applications rapidly. The platform is also designed for deploying
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applications developed by third parties with relative ease. The platform
interfaces with legacy systems by accepting industry standard ANSI X.12 and HL7
electronic data interchange formats.
High Availability. The Healtheon Platform architecture is designed to
ensure high availability through the replication of applications and other
software services, failure detection and automatic restart of failed services
and applications. Running multiple copies of a service or application removes
any single point of failure within the system and ensures that at least some
copies of a service will be available while others may have failed. In addition,
the servers that host Healtheon applications are duplicated to provide
redundancy. Healtheon uses duplicate fiber optic cable connections to Sprint and
WorldCom to ensure highly-available access to the Internet. Healtheon's platform
uses a mix of fault-tolerant hardware, redundant equipment and back-up power
systems.
Manageability. The Healtheon management framework provides a single image
view of all Healtheon services, thus simplifying administration in a distributed
environment. Healtheon services can be managed from a Web-based management
station. The Healtheon management and administration framework monitors service
performance and generates event notifications of system abnormalities.
Disaster Recovery Plans. Although Healtheon believes its operations
facilities are highly resistant to systems failure and sabotage, it has
developed, and is in the process of implementing, a disaster recovery and
contingency operations plan. In addition, all of Healtheon's services are linked
to advanced storage systems that provide data protection through techniques such
as replication. Healtheon also maintains on-site backup power systems.
Audits. Healtheon's information technology department periodically
performs, and retains accredited third parties to perform, audits of its
operational procedures under both internally-developed audit procedures and
externally-recognized standards.
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Healtheon believes that a high level of customer support is necessary to
achieve wide acceptance of its solution. Healtheon provides a wide range of
customer support services through a staff of customer service personnel,
multiple call centers and an e-mail help desk. Healtheon also offers Web-based
support services that are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week and are
frequently updated to improve existing information and to support new services.
Healtheon also employs technical support personnel who work directly with its
direct sales force, distributors and customers of its applications and services.
Healtheon provides its customers with the ability to purchase maintenance for
its applications and services, which includes technical support and upgrades.
Healtheon also provides training programs for its customers. As of December 31,
1998, Healtheon had 240 employees and independent contractors in customer
support functions, including network services, provider services and customer
support services.
SALES AND MARKETING
Healtheon's sales and marketing efforts are organized according to its four
main customer segments: providers, payers, suppliers and consumers. Healtheon's
direct sales force targets significant potential customers in each market
segment by region. In certain instances, Healtheon's direct sales force works
with complementary brokers, value added resellers and systems integrators to
deliver complete solutions for major customers. In addition, senior management
plays an active role in the sales process by cultivating industry contacts.
Healtheon markets its applications and services through direct sales contacts,
strategic relationships, the sales and marketing organizations of its strategic
partners, participation in trade shows, articles in industry publications and by
leveraging its existing client base. Healtheon attends a number of major trade
shows each year and has begun to sponsor executive conferences, which feature
industry experts who address the information systems needs of large healthcare
organizations. Healtheon supports its sales force with technical personnel who
perform demonstrations of Healtheon's applications and assist clients in
determining the proper hardware and software configurations. Healtheon's
executive sales and marketing management is located in its Santa Clara,
California headquarters and in its Atlanta, Georgia, Minneapolis, Minnesota and
San Francisco, California facilities, while its account representatives are
deployed across the United States. As of December 31, 1998, Healtheon employed
121 sales executives, account managers, direct sales representatives and sales
support personnel.
10
<PAGE> 11
DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING
Healtheon believes that its future success will depend in large part on its
ability to continue to maintain and enhance its platform, applications and
services. To this end, Healtheon leverages the modular nature of its platform
architecture to enable it to develop new applications and services rapidly.
Healtheon has developed applications and services both independently and through
acquisitions. Healtheon will continue to work closely with other companies in
its applications development efforts.
Healtheon has several significant projects currently in development. These
include the continued enhancement of the platform architecture, development of
new services such as Healtheon Practice, Healtheon ProviderWorks and Healtheon
Dx, and integration of ActaMed's platform, network and associated services. As
of December 31, 1998, Healtheon employed 251 people in the areas of applications
design, research and development, quality assurance and technical support.
Healtheon's development and engineering expense, which excludes development
expenses included in cost of revenue, totaled $19.9 million in 1998, $13.0
million in 1997 and $8.6 million in 1996. Healtheon believes that timely
development of new and enhanced applications and technology is necessary to
remain competitive in the marketplace. Accordingly, Healtheon intends to
continue recruiting and hiring experienced development personnel and to make
other investments in development and engineering.
The emerging market for healthcare information exchange and transaction
processing is characterized by rapid technological developments, frequent new
application introductions and evolving industry standards. The emerging nature
of this market and its rapid evolution will require that Healtheon continually
improve the performance, features and reliability of its applications and
services, particularly in response to competing offerings, and that it
introduces new applications and services or enhancements to existing
applications and services as quickly as possible and prior to its competitors.
The success of new application and service introductions is dependent on several
factors, including proper definition of new applications or services, timely
completion and introduction of new applications and services, differentiation of
new applications and services from those of Healtheon's competitors and market
acceptance. There can be no assurance that Healtheon will be successful in
developing and marketing new applications and services that respond to
competitive and technological developments and changing customer needs. The
failure of Healtheon to develop and introduce new applications and services
successfully on a timely basis and to achieve market acceptance for its
applications and services could have a material adverse effect on Healtheon's
business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the
widespread adoption of new Internet, networking or telecommunication
technologies or standards or other technological changes could render its
applications and services obsolete or require substantial expenditures by
Healtheon to adapt its applications and services. Moreover, there is a risk that
a competitor's product might become the standard for healthcare information
services.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Healtheon relies upon a combination of trade secret, copyright and
trademark laws, license agreements, confidentiality procedures, employee
nondisclosure agreements and technical measures to maintain the secrecy of its
intellectual property. Healtheon believes that patent, trade secret and
copyright protection are less significant to Healtheon's success than its
ability to further develop applications. Healtheon has several trademarks in the
United States and internationally.
COMPETITION
The market for healthcare information services is intensely competitive,
rapidly evolving and subject to rapid technological change. Many of Healtheon's
actual and potential competitors have announced or introduced Internet
strategies. Healtheon's competitors can be divided into several groups:
healthcare information software vendors, including HBO & Company, which was
recently acquired by McKesson Corporation, one of the country's largest drug
wholesalers, and Shared Medical Systems Corporation; healthcare electronic data
interchange companies, including ENVOY Corporation, which was recently acquired
by Quintiles Transnational Corp., and National Data Corporation; and large
information technology consulting service providers, including Andersen
Consulting, International Business Machines Corporation and Electronic Data
Systems Corporation. Each of these companies can be expected to compete with
Healtheon within certain segments of the healthcare information technology
market.
11
<PAGE> 12
Furthermore, major software information systems companies and others, including
those specializing in the healthcare industry that are not presently offering
applications that compete with those offered by Healtheon, may enter Healtheon's
markets. In some cases, large customers may have the ability to compete directly
with Healtheon as well. Healtheon also competes with smaller regional
competitors. Many of Healtheon's competitors and potential competitors have
significantly greater financial, technical, product development, marketing and
other resources and greater market recognition than Healtheon. Many of
Healtheon's competitors also currently have, or may develop or acquire,
substantial installed customer bases in the healthcare industry. As a result of
these factors, Healtheon's competitors may be able to respond more quickly to
new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or to devote
greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their applications
or services than Healtheon. There can be no assurance that Healtheon will be
able to compete successfully against current and future competitors or that
competitive pressures faced by Healtheon will not materially adversely affect
its business, financial condition and results of operations.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, Healtheon had a total of 648 employees and
independent contractors, of whom there were 240 in customer, network and
provider services, 251 in development and engineering, 121 in sales and
marketing and 36 in corporate finance and administration. None of Healtheon's
employees is represented by a labor union, and Healtheon has never experienced a
work stoppage. Healtheon believes its relationship with its employees to be
good. Healtheon's ability to achieve its financial and operational objectives
depends in large part upon its continuing ability to attract, integrate, retain
and motivate highly qualified sales, technical and managerial personnel, and
upon the continued service of its senior management and key sales and technical
personnel, most of whom are not bound by an employment agreement. Competition
for such qualified personnel in Healtheon's industry and geographical location
in the San Francisco Bay Area is intense, particularly in software development
and technical personnel.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Healtheon's principal executive and corporate offices and development and
network operations are located in Santa Clara, California, in approximately
50,000 square feet of leased office space under a lease that expires in March
2008. Healtheon also maintains sales, development and network operations in
Atlanta, Georgia, in approximately 41,000 square feet of leased office space
under a lease that expires in July 2001; sales, engineering and support
operations in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in approximately 16,500 square feet of
leased office space under a lease that expires in December 1999; and sales,
engineering and support operations in San Francisco, California, in
approximately 11,000 square feet of leased office space under two leases that
expire in November 2000 and September 2001. Healtheon believes that its
facilities are adequate for its current operations and that additional leased
space can be obtained if needed.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Stockholder written consent of October 29, 1998 amending the Amended and
Restated Articles of Incorporation to:
- Increase the authorized capital stock of Healtheon to 157,516,673
shares, consisting of 150,000,000 shares of common stock and 7,516,673
shares of preferred stock, and
- Create the Series A Preferred Stock, in connection with the Series A
Preferred Stock financing of Healtheon.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Votes for: 37,933,856
Votes against: 0
Abstentions: 16,674,480
</TABLE>
12
<PAGE> 13
ITEM 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table sets forth certain information regarding Healtheon's
executive officers as of December 31, 1998:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AGE POSITION
- ---- --- --------
<S> <C> <C>
W. Michael Long...................... 46 Chief Executive Officer and Director
Michael K. Hoover.................... 43 President and Director
Mark Bailey.......................... 40 Vice President, Business Development
Kallen Chan.......................... 44 Corporate Controller
Jack Dennison........................ 42 Vice President and General Counsel
Dennis Drislane...................... 49 Vice President, Customer and Network Services
Edward Fotsch, M.D................... 42 Vice President, Physician and Integrated Delivery
Network Group
Nancy Ham............................ 37 Vice President, Laboratories and Pharmaceuticals
J. Philip Hardin..................... 35 Vice President, Managed Care Group
John R. Hughes, Jr................... 46 Vice President, Provider Services
Krishna Kolluri...................... 35 Vice President, Applications
Matthew Moore........................ 34 Vice President, Consumer Internet Services
Pavan Nigam.......................... 40 Vice President, Engineering
Charles Saunders, M.D................ 44 Vice President, Marketing and Consulting Services
and Medical Director
John L. Westermann III............... 53 Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary
and Treasurer
</TABLE>
W. Michael Long has served as Chief Executive Officer and a director of
Healtheon since joining Healtheon in July 1997. Prior to joining Healtheon, Mr.
Long was President and Chief Executive Officer of CSC Continuum, Inc., a unit of
Computer Sciences Corporation, from August 1996 to July 1997. For more than five
years prior to its acquisition by CSC, he was President and Chief Executive
Officer of The Continuum Company, Inc., a provider of IT and consulting services
to the financial industry. He holds a B.A. from the University of North
Carolina.
Michael K. Hoover has served as President and a director of Healtheon since
Healtheon acquired ActaMed Corporation in May 1998. Mr. Hoover co-founded
ActaMed in May 1992, and served as its President from its inception to May 1998,
and as its President and Chief Executive Officer from December 1995 to May 1998.
From 1989 to 1992, Mr. Hoover served as the Executive Director of Financial
Services of the MicroBilt division of First Financial Management Corporation.
Prior to that, he founded FormMaker Software Corporation, a producer of
electronic forms automation systems, and served as its Chief Executive Officer
from 1982 to 1988 and as its Executive Vice President during 1988.
Mark Bailey has served as Vice President, Business Development of Healtheon
since joining Healtheon in July 1998. Prior to joining Healtheon, Mr. Bailey
served as general partner at Venrock Associates, the venture capital
organization for the Rockefeller family, from October 1997 to April 1998. Prior
to that he was Senior Vice President Business Development at Symantec
Corporation, a provider of productivity and utilities software, where he
directed mergers and acquisitions efforts from December 1989 to October 1997.
Before joining Symantec, he was an associate with Kleiner Perkins Caufield &
Byers, a venture capital firm, from June 1985 to December 1989. Mr. Bailey holds
an MBA from Harvard University and a BSE from Princeton University.
Kallen Chan has served as Corporate Controller of Healtheon since April
1996. Prior to joining Healtheon, Mr. Chan was the Director of Audit and Group
Controller for Worldwide Manufacturing at Cirrus Logic, Inc. since March 1995.
From January 1993 to February 1995, Mr. Chan was Vice President of Finance and
Chief Financial Officer of Comtech Labs Inc., a video imaging technology
company. From 1986 to 1992, Mr. Chan served as Chief Financial Officer for
various early stage companies, including Caeco Inc., Harmonic Lightwaves, Inc.
and Oasic Technology, Inc. Prior to 1986, Mr. Chan spent nine years at Philips
Semiconductor as a Division Controller. He holds a B.S. in commerce and an
M.B.A. from the University of Santa Clara.
13
<PAGE> 14
Jack Dennison has served as Vice President and General Counsel of Healtheon
since joining Healtheon in July 1998. Mr. Dennison served as Deputy General
Counsel of Computer Sciences Corporation from August 1996 to July 1998. Prior to
that time, Mr. Dennison served as Vice President and General Counsel of The
Continuum Company, Inc. Prior to joining Continuum in 1989, he was a partner
with Ford, Dennison & Byrne in Austin, Texas. Mr. Dennison holds a B.A. and a
J.D. from the University of Texas.
Dennis Drislane has served as Vice President, Customer and Network Services
of Healtheon since joining Healtheon in July 1997. Mr. Drislane served as Vice
President, Communications Industry Group, at Electronic Data Systems
Corporation, or EDS, from June 1995 to July 1997. From October 1992 to June
1995, he was President of EDS' Healthcare Division. Prior to October 1992, he
held various management positions for EDS. Mr. Drislane holds both a B.S. and an
M.S. in business administration from California State University in Sacramento.
Edward Fotsch, M.D. has served as the Vice President, Physician and
Integrated Delivery Network group of Healtheon since Healtheon acquired Metis,
LLC in August 1998. Dr. Fotsch served as President and Chief Executive Officer
of Metis, LLC from March 1997 to August 1998. Prior to working at Metis, LLC,
Dr. Fotsch served as Vice President of Healthcare for NetSource Communications
Inc., an Internet development and consulting organization, from November 1994 to
March 1997. Prior to working at NetSource, Dr. Fotsch was President of Med-Tech
Consulting, a healthcare consulting firm from October 1992 through November
1994. Dr. Fotsch practiced medicine as Chief of the Department of Emergency
Medicine at Doctors Hospital in Northern California for ten years prior to 1994.
He holds a Doctorate in Medicine from the Medical College of Wisconsin and a
B.S. from Marquette University.
Nancy Ham has served as Vice President, Laboratories and Pharmaceuticals
Group of Healtheon since Healtheon acquired ActaMed in May 1998. Ms. Ham served
as a Senior Vice President of ActaMed from June 1996 to May 1998. She served as
Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of ActaMed from 1993 to May 1996. From
1992 to 1993, she was a Corporate Finance Director for the Capital Finance Group
of Equifax, Inc. Prior to that, she was an Assistant Vice President at G.E.
Capital Corporation. Ms. Ham holds a B.A. in economics from Duke University and
a masters in international business studies from the University of South
Carolina.
J. Philip Hardin has served as Vice President, Managed Care Group of
Healtheon since Healtheon acquired ActaMed in May 1998. Mr. Hardin served as
Vice President of Managed Care Operations of ActaMed from August 1997 until May
1998. He also served as Director of payer Sponsorship for ActaMed from January
1997 to August 1997, and Project Executive from July 1995 to December 1996. From
August 1993 to June 1995, Mr. Hardin attended Stanford University and received
an MBA degree in June 1995. Prior to that, he served as Vice President, Finance,
Director of Finance and Controller of Melita International Corporation and held
various accounting positions at Arthur Andersen & Company. Mr. Hardin also holds
a B.B.A. in accounting from the University of Georgia.
John R. Hughes, Jr. has served as Vice President, Provider Services of
Healtheon since Healtheon acquired ActaMed in May 1998. Mr. Hughes served as
Chief Operating Officer of ActaMed from March 1996 to May 1998. Prior to working
at ActaMed, Mr. Hughes served as General Manager of the EDI Services Group of
UnitedHealth Group from August 1992 to March 1996. Mr. Hughes served as Vice
President of North American Sales for Revelation Technologies, a computer
software company, from 1990 to 1992. From 1980 to 1990, Mr. Hughes was Vice
President, Sales Manager and Product Marketing Manager at Harris Corporation.
Mr. Hughes holds a B.S. in business administration from the University of
Kansas.
Krishna Kolluri has served as Vice President, Applications of Healtheon
since July 1998, and prior to that, as Senior Director of Development
Engineering of Healtheon since February 1996. Prior to joining Healtheon, Mr.
Kolluri spent six years at Silicon Graphics, Inc. From August 1993 to February
1996, Mr. Kolluri served as Senior Engineering Manager of Applications and
Development Environments in the Interactive Media Group of Silicon Graphics,
Inc. From May 1992 to August 1993, he served as Senior Engineering Manager of
Programming Environments in Silicon Graphics' CASE group where he was involved
in the development and deployment of interactive TV projects in Orlando, Florida
and Urayasu, Japan. From March 1990 to May 1992, he was a Member of Silicon
Graphic's technical staff. Mr. Kolluri holds a B.S.M.E. from the Indian
Institute of Technology, Madras, India, an M.S. in Operations Research from
S.U.N.Y., Buffalo, and an M.S.C.S. from the University of California, Santa
Cruz.
14
<PAGE> 15
Matthew Moore has served as Vice President, Consumer Internet Services
since joining Healtheon in September 1998. Prior to joining Healtheon, Mr. Moore
spent four years at Netscape Communications, where he co-founded the firm's
European operations and served as Director of Strategic Sales from August 1994
until December 1997. Commencing January 1998, he moved to Netscape's U.S.
operations to head up vertical markets internationally. From 1989 to 1994, he
was a partner at Keystone Strategies, a technology consultancy firm based in
Geneva, Switzerland. Mr. Moore holds a B.A. from University of California, Los
Angeles, and an M.B.A from Hautes Etudes Commerciales, University of Geneva,
Switzerland.
Pavan Nigam co-founded Healtheon and has served as its Vice President,
Engineering since February 1996. Prior to joining Healtheon, Mr. Nigam worked at
Silicon Graphics from August 1989 to January 1996, where he was the division
manager for Silicon Graphic's Interactive Media Group and was responsible for
deploying Time Warner, Inc.'s Interactive TV project in Orlando, Florida. From
1989 to 1993, he was director of Silicon Graphics' Casevision products. Prior to
1989, Mr. Nigam was employed by Atherton Technologies and Intel Corporation. Mr.
Nigam holds a B.S.E.E. from the Indian Institute of Technology and an M.S.C.S.
from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Charles Saunders, M.D. has served as Vice President, Marketing and
Consulting Services and Medical Director since joining Healtheon in September
1997. Prior to joining Healtheon, Dr. Saunders was a principal in the consulting
firm of A.T. Kearney, Inc./Electronic Data Systems Corporation from September
1994 to August 1997. Prior to that time, Dr. Saunders was Executive Director of
managed care programs at San Francisco General Hospital, and served as Medical
Director of the San Francisco Department of Public Health, Paramedic Division,
from 1988 to 1994. He has conducted healthcare systems research for and has
served on the faculties of the University of California at San Francisco,
Vanderbilt University and the University of Colorado. Dr. Saunders holds a B.S.
in biology from the University of Southern California and an M.D. from Johns
Hopkins University.
John L. Westermann III has served as Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer, Secretary and Treasurer of Healtheon since joining Healtheon in July
1998. From August 1996 to July 1998, Mr. Westermann was Chief Financial Officer
and Vice President of CSC Continuum, Inc., a unit of Computer Sciences
Corporation. For more than five years prior to its acquisition by CSC, Mr.
Westermann was Chief Financial Officer, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer
of The Continuum Company, Inc., a provider of IT and consulting services to the
financial industry. Mr. Westermann holds a B.A. from Northwestern University and
an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business.
15
<PAGE> 16
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Healtheon completed the initial public offering of its common stock on
February 10, 1999. Healtheon's common stock has been traded on the Nasdaq
National Market under the symbol "HLTH" since February 11, 1999. Prior to that
date, there was no public market for our common stock and, therefore, no quoted
market prices for our common stock are available for the years ended December
31, 1998 and 1997.
On February 28, 1999, there were 373 holders of record of our common stock.
Because many of such shares are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf
of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders
represented by these record holders.
The market price of our common stock has fluctuated since the date of our
initial public offering and is likely to fluctuate in the future. Factors that
may have a significant effect on the market price of our common stock include:
- actual or anticipated quarterly variations in our operating results;
- changes in expectations of future financial performance or changes in
estimates of securities analysts;
- announcements of technological innovations;
- announcements relating to strategic relationships;
- customer relationship developments; and
- conditions affecting the Internet or healthcare industries, in
general.
The trading price of our common stock may be volatile. The stock market in
general, and the market for technology and Internet-related companies in
particular, has experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to
the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market and
industry fluctuations many adversely affect the trading price of our common
stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.
In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a
company's securities, securities class action litigation has often been
instituted. If this were to happen to Healtheon, litigation would be expensive
and would divert management's attention.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock or
other securities and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the
foreseeable future.
16
<PAGE> 17
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in
conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations" and with the consolidated financial statements and
notes thereto, which are included elsewhere in this report. In May 1998,
Healtheon acquired ActaMed in a transaction accounted for as a pooling of
interests. All financial information has been restated to reflect the combined
operations of Healtheon and ActaMed. The consolidated statements of operations
data for the three-year period ended December 31, 1998 and the consolidated
balance sheet data at December 31, 1998 and 1997 are derived from, and are
qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements
included elsewhere in this report. The consolidated statements of operations
data for the two-year period ended December 31, 1995 and the consolidated
balance sheet data at December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 are derived from, and are
qualified by reference to, audited consolidated financial statements that are
not included in this report. The consolidated statements of operations and
balance sheet data as of and for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994 are
derived solely from the ActaMed statements of operations and balance sheets for
such periods because Healtheon did not commence operations until January 1996.
See notes 1 and 2 of notes to consolidated financial statements for a discussion
of the accounting for the acquisition of ActaMed. Historical operating results
are not necessarily indicative of results in the future. Revenue from services
to related parties consists of revenue from UnitedHealth Group and SmithKline
Labs, customers that are also significant stockholders of Healtheon. See note 1
of notes to consolidated financial statements for an explanation of the
determination of the shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per
common share.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Revenue:
Services.................................. $ 27,102 $ 4,301 $ 1,795 $ 458 $ 190
Services to related parties............... 20,956 7,309 4,237 -- --
Software licenses......................... 780 1,780 4,981 1,717 --
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total revenue............................. 48,838 13,390 11,013 2,175 190
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue:
Cost of services........................ 27,640 4,011 1,648 1,573 507
Cost of services to related parties..... 19,554 6,536 4,919 -- --
Cost of software licenses............... -- -- 160 343 --
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total cost of revenue................... 47,194 10,547 6,727 1,916 507
Development and engineering expense....... 19,884 12,986 8,596 2,446 1,863
Sales, general and administrative expense 24,231 11,031 9,042 1,749 938
Amortization of intangible assets......... 9,857 4,249 3,189 -- --
Write-off of offering costs............... 1,620 -- -- -- --
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total operating costs and expenses........ 102,786 38,813 27,554 6,111 3,308
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Loss from operations........................ (53,948) (25,423) (16,541) (3,936) (3,118)
Interest income............................. 1,262 611 539 208 172
Interest expense............................ (472) (323) (56) (6) (57)
Dividends on ActaMed's convertible
redeemable preferred stock................ (890) (2,870) (2,548) -- --
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss.................................... (54,048) (28,005) (18,606) (3,734) (3,003)
Dividends on ActaMed's convertible
redeemable preferred stock................ -- -- -- (724) (423)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss applicable to common
stockholders.............................. $ (54,048) $ (28,005) $ (18,606) $ (4,458) $ (3,426)
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Basic and diluted net loss per common share $ (1.54) $ (3.88) $ (2.83) $ (.85)
=========== =========== ============= ===========
Weighted-average shares outstanding used in
computing basic and diluted net loss per
common share.............................. 34,987 7,223 6,583 5,246
=========== =========== ============ ===========
</TABLE>
17
<PAGE> 18
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments............................. $ 36,817 $ 21,804 $ 7,539 $ 9,386 $ 4,186
Working capital........................... 27,934 14,790 2,505 7,244 4,226
Total assets.............................. 79,940 53,747 34,407 10,801 5,379
Long-term obligations, net of current
portion................................. 2,984 932 1,210 -- 63
Convertible redeemable preferred stock.... -- 50,948 39,578 16,209 7,919
Stockholders' equity (net capital
deficiency)............................. 59,413 (9,930) (14,553) (7,697) (2,838)
</TABLE>
18
<PAGE> 19
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with Healtheon's
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. The following discussion
contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Healtheon's actual results could differ materially from the results contemplated
by these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors discussed
below in "--Factors That May Affect Future Results of Operations" and elsewhere
in this Report.
OVERVIEW
Healtheon is pioneering the use of the Internet to simplify workflows,
decrease costs and improve the quality of patient care throughout the healthcare
industry. Healtheon's Virtual Healthcare Network, or VHN, solution enables the
secure exchange of information among a wide array of disparate healthcare
information systems and provides a framework for a broad range of healthcare
transactions.
Healtheon was incorporated in December 1995, commenced operations in
January 1996 and until late 1997 had not recognized substantial revenue and was
therefore considered to be in the development stage. In May 1998, Healtheon
acquired ActaMed, which was incorporated in 1992. The acquisition of ActaMed was
accounted for as a pooling of interests. The financial information presented
reflects the combined financial position and results of operations of Healtheon
and ActaMed for all dates and periods presented. Healtheon's revenue to date has
been derived primarily from proprietary non-Internet network services offered by
ActaMed and from management and operation of customers' information technology,
or IT, infrastructure. In March 1996, ActaMed acquired EDI Services, or EDI, a
wholly-owned subsidiary of UnitedHealth Group, in a transaction accounted for as
a purchase. Accordingly, the operations of EDI are included in Healtheon's
consolidated statements of operations beginning in March 1996. In August 1998,
Healtheon acquired substantially all of the assets of Metis, LLC, a leading
consulting, design and development firm focused on Internet and intranet-based
solutions for medical centers and integrated delivery networks. In connection
with this acquisition, Healtheon issued 1,600,000 shares of its common stock, of
which 200,000 shares are held in escrow to secure certain indemnification
obligations. Of the total shares issued, 476,548 shares were issued to certain
employees under restricted stock purchase agreements subject to a lapsing right
of repurchase, at Healtheon's option, over the agreements' respective vesting
periods. The Metis acquisition was treated as a tax-free reorganization and was
accounted for as a purchase.
Because we have recently begun operations, it is difficult to evaluate our
business and our prospects. Our revenue and income potential is unproven and our
business model is still emerging. Our historical financial information is of
limited value in projecting our future operating results because of our limited
operating history as a combined organization and the emerging nature of our
markets. We began operations in January 1996 and until recently had not earned
significant revenue. We have lost money since we began operations and, as of
December 31, 1998, we had an accumulated deficit of $103.4 million. In May 1998,
we acquired ActaMed and in August 1998, we acquired Metis, LLC. We currently
derive our revenue primarily from proprietary non-Internet network services
offered by ActaMed, from development and consulting services and from managing
and operating our customers' information technology infrastructures. We plan to
invest heavily in acquisitions, infrastructure development, applications
development and sales and marketing. As a result, we expect that we will
continue to lose money through 1999 and we may never achieve or sustain
profitability.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth certain data expressed as a percentage of
total revenue for the periods indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue:
Services................................................... 55.5% 32.1 % 16.3%
Services to related parties................................ 42.9 54.6 38.5
Software licenses.......................................... 1.6 13.3 45.2
------ ------ ------
Total revenue.............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue:
Cost of services......................................... 56.6 30.0 15.0
Cost of services to related parties...................... 40.0 48.8 44.7
Cost of software licenses................................ -- -- 1.5
------ ------ ------
Total cost of revenue.................................... 96.6 78.8 61.2
Development and engineering................................ 40.7 97.0 78.0
Sales, general and administrative.......................... 49.7 82.4 82.1
Amortization of intangible assets.......................... 20.2 31.7 29.0
Write-off of offering costs................................ 3.3 -- --
------ ------ ------
Total operating costs and expenses......................... 210.5 289.9 250.3
------ ------ ------
Loss from operations......................................... (110.5) (189.9) (150.3)
Interest income.............................................. 2.6 4.6 4.9
Interest expense............................................. (1.0) (2.4) (0.5)
Dividends on ActaMed's convertible redeemable
preferred stock............................................ (1.8) (21.4) (23.1)
------ ------ ------
Net loss..................................................... (110.7)% (209.1)% (169.0)%
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
Revenue
Healtheon earns revenue from services and services to related parties, both
of which include providing access to our network-based services, including fixed
fee and transaction based services, and performing development and consulting
services, and from licensing software. Services revenue also includes revenue
from the management and operation of customers' IT infrastructure. Customers may
purchase some or all of Healtheon's applications and services and the customer
relationship may evolve from utilizing development and consulting services to
utilizing transaction and subscription-based services. Healtheon earns
network-based services revenue from fixed fee subscription arrangements, which
revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the applicable agreement, and
from arrangements that are priced on a per-transaction or per-user basis, which
revenue is recognized as the services are performed. Revenue from development
projects is recognized on a percentage-of-completion basis or as the services
are performed, depending on the terms of the contract. Revenue from consulting
services and revenue from the management and operation of customers' IT
infrastructure is recognized as the services are performed. Cash received in
excess of revenue recognized relating to these services has been recorded as
deferred revenue. At December 31, 1998, we had deferred revenue of approximately
$1.9 million.
Total revenue increased to $48.8 million in 1998 from $13.4 million in 1997
and $11.0 million in 1996. Revenue from services was $27.1 million in 1998, $4.3
million in 1997 and $1.8 million in 1996. The significant increase in services
revenue in these periods was principally due to new contracts with Brown &
Toland Physician Services Organization, or Brown & Toland, and Beech Street
Corporation, or Beech Street, for the management and operation of their IT
infrastructure beginning in late 1997. To provide these services, we utilize our
own personnel, certain outside contractors and certain personnel and facilities
of the customers that are leased to Healtheon. The cost of these leased customer
personnel and facilities are included as part of the total costs of the IT and
development
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services that we billed to the customers. We recognized revenue for IT services
of $15.1 million in 1998 and $2.1 million in 1997. Revenue for IT services
included costs of leased personnel and facilities of $11.8 million in 1998 and
$1.9 million in 1997. These amounts are also included in cost of services. In
addition, we recognized revenue related to development services of $6.5 million
in 1998 and $.2 million in 1997. No revenue was recognized from IT services or
development services in 1996.
Revenue from services to related parties consists of services provided to
UnitedHealth Group under a Services and License Agreement between ActaMed and
UnitedHealth Group dated April 4, 1996, or the UnitedHealth Group Agreement, and
services provided to SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories, Inc., or
SmithKline Labs, under a Services Agreement between ActaMed and SmithKline Labs
dated December 31, 1997, or the Services Agreement. Revenue from services to
related parties increased to $21.0 million in 1998 from $7.3 million in 1997 and
$4.2 million in 1996. The increase was primarily due to the additional revenue
from the December 1997 Services Agreement with SmithKline Labs to service its
SCAN laboratory and test order and results service.
The UnitedHealth Group Agreement has a five-year term. However, the
agreement provides that two years after the date of the agreement, or April 4,
1998, the parties will agree on new prices that they agree are competitive with
the marketplace. Healtheon and UnitedHealth Group are negotiating the new prices
and we anticipate that the new prices will reduce the rates paid by UnitedHealth
Group. The Services Agreement with SmithKline Labs also has a five year term,
but provides that the parties will negotiate new rates as of January 1, 2001 and
every two years thereafter. Under the terms of the Services Agreement, the
renegotiated rates must be competitive with the marketplace and must be no
higher than the lowest fees charged by Healtheon to similar customers.
ActaMed entered into a national marketing and licensing agreement, or the
Agreement, with International Business Machines Corporation in 1995 that granted
IBM a nonexclusive, nontransferable right to market ActaMed's software and
services for a total of $6.3 million. Under the Agreement, we recognized
software license revenue of approximately $1.2 million in 1997 and approximately
$3.4 million in 1996, upon delivery of the software. All revenue under the
Agreement had been recognized by the end of 1997.
In December 1996, ActaMed entered into a new agreement, or the License, to
license its newly granted patent to IBM. As part of the License, IBM agreed to
pay $4.8 million over a four-year period, $1.0 million in December 1996 and the
remaining balance in 48 equal monthly installments commencing in January 1997.
Additionally, in conjunction with the License, we issued IBM a five-year warrant
to purchase 282,522 shares of our common stock at a price of $7.97 per share.
Because of the extended payment terms and ActaMed's contentious relationship
with IBM, ActaMed concluded that the license fee was not assured of collection
and, accordingly, we are recognizing this revenue as the proceeds are collected.
We recognized revenue from the License of $.8 million in 1998, $.8 million in
1997 and $1.0 million in 1996. Deferred revenue at December 31, 1998 included
$1.6 million related to the License.
Healtheon does not expect that it will earn a material amount of revenue
from software licenses in the foreseeable future.
We have developed strategic relationships with healthcare industry leaders,
including UnitedHealth Group, SmithKline Labs, Brown & Toland and Beech Street.
These four companies each accounted for over 10% and together accounted for
approximately 87% of our total revenue in 1998. UnitedHealth Group and
SmithKline Labs accounted for all of our revenue from services to related
parties. We expect that a small number of customers will continue to account for
a substantial portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. The loss of one
or more of our significant customers, or a decline in the volume of business
generated by these customers, could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of services and cost of services to related parties consist of costs
related to services Healtheon provides to customers and costs associated with
the operation and maintenance of our networks. These costs include salaries and
related expenses for consulting and development personnel, network operations
personnel and customer support personnel; telecommunication costs; depreciation
and maintenance of network equipment; amortization of certain intangible assets;
a portion of facilities expenses; and leased personnel and facilities costs.
Cost of software licenses consists primarily of expenses related to royalties
and sublicensing fees. There were no costs related to software
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licenses in 1998 or 1997. Given Healtheon's limited operating history, changes
in revenue mix, limited history of Internet-based network services, recent
investments in personnel, amortization of infrastructure investments and
evolving business model, we believe that analysis of historical cost of revenue
as a percentage of revenue is not meaningful. We anticipate that our total cost
of revenue will increase in absolute dollars in the future.
Total cost of revenue was $47.2 million in 1998, $10.5 million in 1997 and
$6.7 million in 1996. Cost of services increased to $27.6 million in 1998 from
$4.0 million in 1997 and $1.7 million in 1996. The increases included costs of
leased personnel and facilities utilized to provide IT services totaling $11.8
million in 1998 and $1.9 million in 1997 as well as costs related to development
services of $6.5 million in 1998 and $.2 million in 1997. The remainder of the
increase resulted from increased personnel and expansion of our network
infrastructure to support current customers and future business activities. We
believe that our margin on services revenue will continue to be negative until
revenue from other than IT and development services increases.
Cost of services to related parties was $19.6 million in 1998, $6.5 million
in 1997 and $4.9 million in 1996. These increases resulted from higher personnel
and network operation costs required to support increased transactions from our
SCAN services under the Services Agreement with SmithKline Labs as well as
increased transaction volume under the UnitedHealth Group Agreement.
Development and Engineering
Development and engineering expense, which excludes development expenses
that are included in cost of revenue, consists primarily of salaries and related
expenses associated with the development of applications and services. Expenses
include compensation paid to engineering personnel, fees to outside contractors
and consultants, a portion of facilities expenses and the depreciation and
maintenance of capital equipment used in the development process. We believe our
success is partially dependent upon our ability to introduce new applications in
several healthcare markets in a relatively short period of time. Accordingly,
Healtheon intends to continue recruiting and hiring experienced engineering
personnel and to continue making other investments in development and
engineering. We expect that development and engineering expenses will continue
to increase in absolute dollars. Currently, all development and engineering
expenses are expensed as incurred.
Development and engineering expense was $19.9 million in 1998, $13.0
million in 1997 and $8.6 million in 1996. The increase was the result of a
significant increase in the number of engineers engaged in the development of
our applications and services.
Sales, General and Administrative
Sales, general and administrative expense consists primarily of salaries
and related expenses for sales, account management, marketing, administrative,
finance, legal, human resources and executive personnel; commissions; costs and
expenses for marketing programs and trade shows; fees for professional services;
and costs of accounting and internal control systems to support our operations.
We anticipate that sales, general and administrative expense will continue to
increase in absolute dollars as we add sales, marketing and administrative
personnel, increase our marketing and promotional activities and incur costs
related to being a public company, such as directors' and officers' liability
insurance premiums and professional fees.
Sales, general and administrative expense increased to $24.2 million in
1998 from $11.0 million in 1997 and $9.0 million in 1996. The amortization of
deferred stock compensation expense accounted for $2.8 million of the increase
in 1998 and $.6 million of the increase in 1997. In addition, 1998 includes $.8
million of costs related to the merger with ActaMed. Substantially all of the
remainder of the increase in both 1998 and 1997 resulted from salaries and
related support costs for added sales personnel and executive management.
Deferred stock compensation represents the difference between the purchase
or exercise price of certain restricted stock and stock option grants and the
deemed fair value of Healtheon's common stock at the time of those grants.
Healtheon recorded deferred stock compensation of $8.2 million in 1998 and $2.7
million in 1997. The deferred stock compensation balance at December 31, 1998
was $6.9 million. From January 1, 1999 through February 10, 1999, the date of
our initial public offering, Healtheon granted additional stock options for
which it will record approximately $6.0 million of additional deferred stock
compensation. The deferred stock compensation balance will be amortized based on
a graded vesting method over the vesting period, generally four years, of the
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<PAGE> 23
option or restricted stock grants. Amortization is estimated to total $7.7
million for 1999, $3.4 million for 2000, $1.5 million for 2001 and $.3 million
for 2002.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets was $9.9 million in 1998, $4.2 million in
1997 and $3.2 million in 1996. The intangible assets include those arising from
the acquisitions of EDI from UnitedHealth Group in March 1996 and of Metis in
August 1998 as well as certain intangible assets related to SCAN acquired from
SmithKline Labs in December 1997 through June 1998. All of these assets are
being amortized over a three-year life except the value of the assembled
workforce of Metis, which is being amortized over two years. Although the
Services and License Agreement entered into with UnitedHealth Group in
connection with the acquisition of EDI has a five year term, Healtheon
determined that a three year amortization period was appropriate for the
EDI-related assets due to the price renegotiation required by such agreement,
the probability that the purchased technology and software would be replaced
within three years and the uncertain profitability of the agreement after the
price renegotiation. Similarly, although the Services Agreement entered into
with SmithKline Labs in connection with the acquisition of the SCAN-related
assets has a five year term, Healtheon determined that a three year amortization
period was appropriate for the SCAN related assets due to the price
renegotiation required by such agreement, the probability that the purchased
technology and software would be replaced within three years and the uncertain
profitability of the agreement after the price renegotiation. There can be no
assurance that Healtheon's services to UnitedHealth Group and SmithKline Labs
will be profitable after the price renegotiations required by the agreements,
particularly given the uncertainty of future rates and volumes under those
agreements. At December 31, 1998, a total of $19.9 million remained to be
amortized. Amortization charges are estimated to be $10.1 million in 1999 and
$8.2 million in 2000, assuming no impairment of the remaining unamortized
intangible asset balances. See Notes 2 and 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Write-off of Offering Costs
In October 1998, Healtheon withdrew a planned initial public offering and
wrote off the accumulated costs related to the planned offering. These costs
consisted primarily of professional fees for legal and accounting services and
printing costs.
Interest Income and Expense
Interest income has been derived primarily from the investment of excess
cash. Interest expense results primarily from our borrowings and from
capitalized lease obligations for equipment purchases. Net interest income was
$.8 million in 1998, $.3 million in 1997 and $.5 million in 1996. The 1998
increase was due to higher average cash balances resulting from the proceeds of
our $25.0 million preferred stock financing in October 1997 and our $46.1
million preferred stock financing in October 1998. We expect that net interest
income may increase in the near term as the proceeds of our initial public
offering in February 1999 are invested.
Dividends on ActaMed's Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock
Because dividends on ActaMed's convertible redeemable preferred stock were
cumulative whether declared or not, ActaMed accrued the dividends on a quarterly
basis. Dividends of $.9 million in 1998, $2.9 million in 1997 and $2.5 million
in 1996 were charged against income in the consolidated statements of
operations. None of the dividends were paid, and, in conjunction with approving
the acquisition of ActaMed by Healtheon, ActaMed's preferred stockholders waived
their right to receive the dividends, which totaled $7.5 million at the time of
the acquisition. The ActaMed preferred stockholders received an aggregate of
17,252,408 shares of Healtheon common stock in exchange for their ActaMed
convertible redeemable preferred stock.
Income Taxes
At December 31, 1998, Healtheon had net operating loss carryforwards for
federal income tax purposes of $76.5 million and federal tax credits of $1.8
million, both expiring from 2009 through 2018. Of these net operating losses,
$19.9 million relates to a consolidated subsidiary. This loss carryforward is
available only to offset future taxable income of that subsidiary. Because of
the "change of ownership" provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, a portion of
Healtheon's net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards may be
subject to an annual
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limitation regarding their utilization against taxable income in future periods.
Thus, a portion of these carryforwards may expire before becoming available to
reduce future income tax liabilities.
FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS OF OPERATION
Our quarterly operating results may vary.
Fluctuations in our quarterly results could affect the market price of our
common stock in a manner unrelated to our long-term operating performance. We
expect that our quarterly revenue and operating results may fluctuate as a
result of a number of factors, including:
- changes in our strategic relationships;
- future acquisitions;
- our entry into new healthcare markets;
- new customers;
- new application and service offerings;
- software defects, delays in development and other quality factors;
- customer demand for our applications and services;
- our ability to meet project milestones or customer expectations;
- our mix of consulting and transaction fee revenue;
- variability in demand of Internet-based healthcare solutions;
- changes within the healthcare industry; and
- seasonality of demand.
We expect to increase activities and spending in substantially all of our
operational areas. We base our expense levels in part upon our expectations
concerning future revenue and these expense levels are relatively fixed in the
short-term. If we have lower revenue, we may not be able to reduce our spending
in the short-term in response. Any shortfall in revenue would have a direct
impact on our results of operations. For these and other reasons, we may not
meet the earnings estimates of securities analysts or investors and our stock
price could suffer.
The healthcare industry may not accept our solutions.
To be successful, we must attract a significant number of customers
throughout the healthcare industry. To date, the healthcare industry has been
resistant to adopting new information technology solutions. Electronic
information exchange and transaction processing by the healthcare industry is
still developing. We believe that complexities in the nature of the healthcare
transactions that must be processed have hindered the development and acceptance
of information technology solutions by the industry. Conversion from traditional
methods to electronic information exchange may not occur as rapidly as we expect
it will. Even if the conversion does occur as rapidly as we expect, healthcare
industry participants may use applications and services offered by others.
We believe that we must gain significant market share with our applications
and services before our competitors introduce alternative products, applications
or services with features similar to our current or proposed offerings. Our
business plan is based on our belief that the value and market appeal of our
solution will grow as the number of participants and the scope of the
transaction services available on our platform increase. We may not achieve the
critical mass of users we believe is necessary to become successful. In
addition, we expect to generate a significant portion of our revenue from
subscription and transaction-based fees. Consequently, any significant shortfall
in the number of users or transactions occurring over our platform would
adversely affect our financial results.
We rely on strategic relationships to generate revenue.
To be successful, we must establish and maintain strategic relationships
with leaders in a number of healthcare industry segments. This is critical to
our success because we believe that these relationships will enable us to:
- extend the reach of our applications and services to the various
participants in the healthcare industry;
- obtain specialized healthcare expertise;
- develop and deploy new applications;
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- further enhance the Healtheon brand; and
- generate revenue.
Entering into strategic relationships is complicated because some of our
current and future partners may decide to compete with us. In addition, we may
not be able to establish relationships with key participants in the healthcare
industry if we have established relationships with competitors of these key
participants. Consequently, it is important that we are perceived as independent
of any particular customer or partner. Moreover, many potential partners may
resist working with us until our applications and services have been
successfully introduced and have achieved market acceptance.
As we establish strategic relationships, we will depend on our partners'
ability to generate increased acceptance and use of our platform, applications
and services. To date, we have established only a limited number of strategic
relationships and these relationships are in the early stages of development. We
have limited experience in establishing and maintaining strategic relationships
with healthcare industry participants. If we lose any of these strategic
relationships or fail to establish additional relationships, or if our strategic
partners fail to actively pursue additional business relationships and
partnerships, we would not be able to execute our business plans and our
business would suffer significantly. On February 9, 1999, SmithKline Beecham
announced that it has agreed to sell SmithKline Labs to Quest Diagnostics,
Incorporated. SmithKline Labs has been one of our strategic partners since
December 1997, and our relationship with them has been beneficial. Our
agreements with SmithKline Labs will remain in effect as a result of the
acquisition. However, we will need to work with a new business partner, which
involves risks such as different customer requirements and working
relationships. At this time, we are not aware of Quest's intentions regarding
our relationship with SmithKline Labs. Our business could be adversely affected
if Quest does not pursue the relationship to the same extent as SmithKline Labs.
In addition, our ability to take advantage of our relationship with SmithKline
Labs may be impaired because the attention of management of the combining
companies may be diverted during and after the acquisition. We may not
experience increased use of our platform, applications and services even if we
establish and maintain these strategic relationships. For additional information
regarding our strategic relationships, see "Business--Strategic Relationships."
Our business will suffer if we do not expand our suite of applications.
Our business will suffer if we do not expand the breadth of our
applications quickly. We currently offer a limited number of applications on our
platform and our future success depends on quickly introducing new applications
in several healthcare segments. We do not have the internal resources and
specialized healthcare expertise to develop all these applications
independently. Consequently, we must rely on a combination of internal
development, strategic relationships, licensing and acquisitions to develop
these applications. Each of our applications, regardless of how it was
developed, must be integrated and customized to operate with existing customer
legacy computer systems and our platform. Developing, integrating and
customizing these applications will be expensive and time consuming. Even if we
are successful, these applications may never achieve market acceptance, which
could also cause our business to suffer.
We must acquire technologies and companies to increase our customer base.
We expect to continue to acquire technologies and other healthcare
technology companies to increase the number and variety of applications on our
platform and to increase our customer base. For example, in May 1998 we acquired
ActaMed, and in August 1998 we acquired substantially all the assets of Metis,
LLC. To be successful, we will need to identify applications, technologies and
businesses that are complementary to ours, integrate disparate technologies and
corporate cultures and manage a geographically dispersed company. Acquisitions
could divert our attention from other business concerns and expose us to
unforeseen liabilities or risks associated with entering new markets. Finally,
we may lose key employees while integrating these new companies.
Integrating newly acquired organizations and technologies into our company
could be expensive, time consuming and may strain our resources. In addition, we
may lose our current customers if any acquired companies have relationships with
competitors of our customers. Consequently, we may not be successful in
integrating acquired businesses or technologies and may not achieve anticipated
revenue and cost benefits. The healthcare industry is consolidating and we
expect that we will face intensified competition for acquisitions, especially
from larger, better-funded organizations. If we fail to execute our acquisition
strategy successfully for any reason, our business will suffer significantly.
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We intend to pay for some of our acquisitions by issuing additional common
stock and this could dilute our stockholders. We may also use cash to buy
companies or technologies in the future. If we do use cash, we may need to incur
debt to pay for these acquisitions. Acquisition financing may not be available
on favorable terms or at all. In addition, we may be required to amortize
significant amounts of goodwill and other intangible assets in connection with
future acquisitions, which would materially increase our operating expenses.
We must manage our growth.
We have rapidly and significantly expanded our operations and expect to
continue to do so. This growth has placed, and is expected to continue to place,
a significant strain on our managerial, operational, financial and other
resources. As of December 31, 1998, we have grown to 648 employees and
independent contractors, from 176 employees and independent contractors on
December 31, 1997. A large portion of this increase resulted from our
acquisitions of ActaMed in May 1998 and Metis, LLC in August 1998, which
increased our payroll by 230 employees. We expect to hire a significant number
of new employees to support our business.
Our current information systems, procedures and controls may not continue
to support our operations and may hinder our ability to exploit the market for
healthcare applications and services. We are in the process of evaluating our
accounting and management information systems and anticipate that we may
implement new systems within the next twelve months. We could experience
interruptions to our business while we transition to new systems.
Our business will suffer if commercial users do not accept Internet
solutions.
Our business model depends on the adoption of Internet solutions by
commercial users. Our business could suffer dramatically if Internet solutions
are not accepted or not perceived to be effective. The Internet may not prove to
be a viable commercial marketplace for a number of reasons, including:
- inadequate development of the necessary infrastructure for
communication speed, access and server reliability;
- security and confidentiality concerns;
- lack of development of complementary products, such as high-speed
modems and high-speed communication lines;
- implementation of competing technologies;
- delays in the development or adoption of new standards and protocols
required to handle increased levels of Internet activity; and
- governmental regulation.
We expect Internet use to grow in number of users and volume of traffic.
The Internet infrastructure may be unable to support the demands placed on it by
this continued growth.
Growth in the demand for our applications and services depends on the
adoption of Internet solutions by healthcare participants, which requires the
acceptance of a new way of conducting business and exchanging information. The
healthcare industry, in particular, relies on legacy systems that may be unable
to benefit from our Internet-based platform. To maximize the benefits of our
platform, healthcare participants must be willing to allow sensitive information
to be stored in our databases. We can process transactions for healthcare
participants that maintain information on their own proprietary databases.
However, the benefits of our connectivity and sophisticated information
management solution are limited under these circumstances. Customers using
legacy and client-server systems may refuse to adopt new systems when they have
made extensive investment in hardware, software and training for older systems.
Performance or security problems with our systems could damage our business.
Our customer satisfaction and our business could be harmed if we or our
customers experience any system delays, failures or loss of data. We currently
process substantially all our customer transactions and data at our facilities
in Santa Clara, California and Atlanta, Georgia. Although we have safeguards for
emergencies, we do not have backup facilities to process information if either
of these facilities is not functioning. The occurrence of a major
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catastrophic event or other system failure at either the Santa Clara or the
Atlanta facility could interrupt data processing or result in the loss of stored
data. In addition, we depend on the efficient operation of Internet connections
from customers to our systems. These connections, in turn, depend on the
efficient operation of Web browsers, Internet service providers and Internet
backbone service providers, all of which have had periodic operational problems
or experienced outages.
A material security breach could damage our reputation or result in
liability to us. We retain confidential customer and patient information in our
processing centers. Therefore, it is critical that our facilities and
infrastructure remain secure and that our facilities and infrastructure are
perceived by the marketplace to be secure. Despite the implementation of
security measures, our infrastructure may be vulnerable to physical break-ins,
computer viruses, programming errors, attacks by third parties or similar
disruptive problems.
Technology may change faster than we can update our applications and
services.
Healthcare information exchange and transaction processing is a relatively
new and evolving market. The pace of change in our markets is rapid and there
are frequent new product introductions and evolving industry standards. We may
be unsuccessful in responding to technological developments and changing
customer needs. In addition, our applications and services offerings may become
obsolete due to the adoption of new technologies or standards. See
"Business--Development and Engineering."
Our platform infrastructure and its scalability are not proven.
So far, we have processed a limited number and variety of transactions over
our platform. Similarly, a limited number of healthcare participants use our
platform. Our systems may not accommodate increased use while maintaining
acceptable overall performance. We must continue to expand and adapt our network
infrastructure to accommodate additional users, increased transaction volumes
and changing customer requirements. This expansion and adaptation will be
expensive and will divert our attention from other activities.
Many of our service agreements contain performance standards. If we fail to
meet these standards, our customers could terminate their agreements with us.
The loss of any of our service agreements would directly and significantly
impact our business. We may be unable to expand or adapt our network
infrastructure to meet additional demand or our customers' changing needs on a
timely basis and at a commercially reasonable cost, or at all.
Our revenues are concentrated in a few customers.
We expect that we will generate a significant portion of our revenue from a
small number of customers for the next few years. If we do not generate as much
revenue from these customers as we expect, or if we lose any of these customers,
our revenue will be significantly reduced which would harm our business. For
example, we receive a substantial majority of our revenue from four customers.
UnitedHealth Group, SmithKline Labs, Brown & Toland and Beech Street each
accounted for over 10% and together accounted for approximately 87% of our total
revenue in 1998. In addition, UnitedHealth Group and Brown & Toland each
accounted for over 10% and together accounted for approximately 70% of our total
revenue in 1997. Customers who also own shares of our stock, including
UnitedHealth Group and SmithKline Labs, accounted for 43% of our total revenue
in 1998 and 55% of our total revenue in 1997. UnitedHealth Group owns
approximately 12.7% of our stock and SmithKline Labs owns approximately 8.8% of
our stock. See "Business--Strategic Relationships."
We face significant competition.
The market for healthcare information services is intensely competitive,
rapidly evolving and subject to rapid technological change. Many of our
competitors have greater financial, technical, product development, marketing
and other resources than we have. These organizations may be better known and
have more customers than us. We may be unable to compete successfully against
these organizations.
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Many of our competitors have announced or introduced Internet strategies
that will compete with our applications and services. We have many competitors,
including:
- healthcare information software vendors, including HBO & Company and
Shared Medical Systems Corporation;
- healthcare electronic data interchange companies, including ENVOY
Corporation and National Data Corporation;
- large information technology consulting service providers, including
Andersen Consulting, International Business Machines Corporation and
Electronic Data Systems Corporation; and
- small regional organizations.
In addition, we expect that major software information systems companies and
others specializing in the healthcare industry will offer competitive
applications or services. Some of our large customers may also compete with us.
See "Business--Competition."
Changes in the healthcare industry could adversely affect our business.
The healthcare industry is highly regulated and is subject to changing
political, economic and regulatory influences. These factors affect the
purchasing practices and operation of healthcare organizations. Changes in
current healthcare financing and reimbursement systems could cause us to make
unplanned modifications of applications or services, or result in delays or
cancellations of orders or in the revocation of endorsement of our applications
and services by healthcare participants. Federal and state legislatures have
periodically considered programs to reform or amend the U.S. healthcare system
at both the federal and state level. These programs may contain proposals to
increase governmental involvement in healthcare, lower reimbursement rates or
otherwise change the environment in which healthcare industry participants
operate. Healthcare industry participants may respond by reducing their
investments or postponing investment decisions, including investments in our
applications and services. We do not know what effect any proposals would have
on our business.
Many healthcare providers are consolidating to create integrated healthcare
delivery systems with greater market power. These providers may try to use their
market power to negotiate price reductions for our applications and services. If
we were forced to reduce our prices, our operating margins would decrease. As
the healthcare industry consolidates, competition for customers will become more
intense and the importance of acquiring each customer will become greater.
Government regulation could adversely affect our business.
Our business is subject to government regulation. Existing as well as new
laws and regulations could adversely affect our business. Laws and regulations
may be adopted with respect to the Internet or other on-line services covering
issues such as:
- user privacy;
- pricing;
- content;
- copyrights;
- distribution; and
- characteristics and quality of products and services.
Moreover, the applicability to the Internet of existing laws in various
jurisdictions governing issues such as property ownership, sales and other
taxes, libel and personal privacy is uncertain and may take years to resolve.
Demand for our applications and services may be affected by additional
regulation of the Internet. For example, until recently current Health Care
Financing Administration guidelines prohibited transmission of Medicare
eligibility information over the Internet.
We are subject to extensive regulation relating to the confidentiality and
release of patient records. Additional legislation governing the distribution of
medical records has been proposed at both the state and federal level. It may
28
<PAGE> 29
be expensive to implement security or other measures designed to comply with any
new legislation. Moreover, we may be restricted or prevented from delivering
patient records electronically.
Legislation currently being considered at the federal level could affect
our business. For example, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability
Act of 1996 mandates the use of standard transactions, standard identifiers,
security and other provisions by the year 2000. We are designing our platform
and applications to comply with these proposed regulations; however, until these
regulations become final, they could change, which could cause us to use
additional resources and lead to delays in order to revise our platform and
applications. In addition, our success depends on other healthcare participants
complying with these regulations.
Some computer applications and software are considered medical devices and
are subject to regulation by the United States Food and Drug Administration, or
the FDA. We do not believe that our current applications or services are subject
to FDA regulation. We may expand our application and service offerings into
areas that subject us to FDA regulation. We have no experience in complying with
FDA regulations. We believe that complying with FDA regulations would be time
consuming, burdensome and expensive and could delay our introduction of new
applications or services.
We may face product-related liabilities.
Although we and our customers test our applications, they may contain
defects or result in system failures. In addition, our platform may experience
problems in security, availability, scalability or other critical features.
These defects or problems could result in the loss of or delay in generating
revenue, loss of market share, failure to achieve market acceptance, diversion
of development resources, injury to our reputation or increased insurance costs.
Many of our strategic relationships and services agreements involve
providing critical information technology services to our clients' businesses.
Providing these services is complex because our clients have complex computing
system environments. If we fail to meet our clients' expectations, our
reputation could suffer and we could be liable for damages. In addition, patient
care could suffer and we could be liable if our systems fail to deliver correct
information in a timely manner. Our insurance may not protect us from this risk.
Finally, we could become liable if confidential information is disclosed
inappropriately.
Our contracts limit our liability arising from our errors; however, these
provisions may not be enforceable and may not protect us from liability. While
we have general liability insurance that we believe is adequate, including
coverage for errors and omissions, we may not be able to maintain this insurance
on reasonable terms in the future. In addition, our insurance may not be
sufficient to cover large claims and our insurer could disclaim coverage on
claims. If we are liable for an uninsured or underinsured claim or if our
premiums increase significantly, our financial condition could be materially
harmed.
Our proprietary technology may be subjected to infringement claims or may
be infringed upon.
Our intellectual property is important to our business. We could be subject
to intellectual property infringement claims as the number of our competitors
grows and the functionality of our applications overlaps with competitive
offerings. These claims, even if not meritorious, could be expensive and divert
our attention from operating our company. If we become liable to third parties
for infringing their intellectual property rights, we would be required to pay a
substantial damage award and to develop noninfringing technology, obtain a
license or cease selling the applications that contain the infringing
intellectual property. We may be unable to develop noninfringing technology or
obtain a license on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. In addition, we
may not be able to protect against misappropriation of our intellectual
property. Third parties may infringe upon our intellectual property rights, we
may not detect this unauthorized use and we may be unable to enforce our rights.
See "Business--Intellectual Property."
Lengthy sales and implementation cycles for our solutions could adversely
affect our revenue growth.
A key element of our strategy is to market our solutions directly to large
healthcare organizations. We are unable to control many of the factors that will
influence our customers' buying decisions. We expect that the sales and
implementation process will be lengthy and will involve a significant technical
evaluation and commitment of capital and other resources by our customers. The
sale and implementation of our solutions are subject to delays due to our
29
<PAGE> 30
customers' internal budgets and procedures for approving large capital
expenditures and deploying new technologies within their networks.
We will need to expend substantial resources to integrate our applications
with the existing legacy and client-server architectures of large healthcare
organizations. We have limited experience in integrating our applications with
large, complex architectures, and we may experience delays in the integration
process. These delays would, in turn, delay our ability to generate revenue from
these applications and could adversely affect our results of operations.
Our business will be adversely affected if we cannot attract and retain key
personnel.
Our success will depend significantly on our senior management team and
other key employees. We need to attract, integrate, motivate and retain
additional highly skilled technical people. In particular, we need to attract
experienced professionals capable of developing, selling and installing complex
healthcare information systems. We face intense competition for these people.
Our executive management team, including W. Michael Long, our Chief Executive
Officer, and Pavan Nigam, our Vice President, Engineering, is critical to our
success. We do not maintain key person life insurance for anyone.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Healtheon has funded its operations since inception primarily through the
private placement of equity securities, through which we had raised net proceeds
of $106.2 million through December 31, 1998. We have also financed our
operations through equipment lease financing and bank borrowings. As of December
31, 1998, we had outstanding equipment lease financing and bank borrowings of
$6.5 million. As of December 31, 1998, we had approximately $36.8 million of
cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments.
Cash used in operating activities was $27.0 million in 1998, $16.4 million
in 1997 and $9.6 million in 1996. The cash used during these periods was
primarily attributable to net losses of $54.0 million in 1998, $28.0 million in
1997 and $18.6 million in 1996 offset in part by depreciation and amortization
and dividends on ActaMed's convertible redeemable preferred stock. These losses
were principally related to increased development and engineering expenses and
sales, general and administrative expenses.
Investments in property and equipment, excluding equipment acquired under
capital leases, and internally developed software were $6.3 million in 1998,
$2.8 million in 1997 and $2.0 million in 1996. In 1997, Healtheon used $5.3
million of cash to purchase short-term investments. In 1998, Healtheon purchased
an additional $22.5 million of short-term investments and realized $10.4 million
in cash from maturities of its short-term investments. Healtheon had no
purchases or maturities of short-term investments in 1996.
Cash provided by financing activities was $49.0 million in 1998, $34.6
million in 1997 and $11.1 million in 1996, resulting primarily from net proceeds
from the sale of preferred stock and, to a lesser extent, from a bank line and
bridge note financing in 1997. In addition, proceeds from the issuance of common
stock in 1998 totaled $3.7 million.
As of December 31, 1998, we did not have any material commitments for
capital expenditures. Our principal commitments at December 31, 1998 consisted
of obligations of $12.5 million under operating leases and $5.8 million under
capital leases. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In February 1999, Healtheon completed the initial public offering of its
common stock and realized net proceeds from the offering of approximately $41.9
million. We currently anticipate that the net proceeds from the offering,
together with our available cash resources and credit facilities, will be
sufficient to meet our presently anticipated working capital, capital
expenditure and business expansion requirements for at least the next 12 months.
However, we may need to raise additional funds within the next 12 months to
support expansion, develop new or enhanced applications and services, respond to
competitive pressures, acquire complementary businesses or technologies or take
advantage of unanticipated opportunities. Our future liquidity and capital
requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including the success of our
existing and new application and service offerings and competing technological
and market developments. We may be required to raise additional funds through
public or private
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<PAGE> 31
financing, strategic relationships or other arrangements. There can be no
assurance that additional funding, if needed, will be available on terms
acceptable to us, or at all.
YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE
Many currently installed computer systems and software products are unable
to distinguish between twentieth century dates and twenty-first century dates.
As a result, many companies' software and computer systems may need to be
upgraded or replaced to comply with these "Year 2000" requirements. Healtheon's
business is dependent on the operation of numerous systems that could
potentially be impacted by Year 2000 related problems. Those systems include,
among others: hardware and software systems used by Healtheon to deliver
services to its customers, including our proprietary software systems as well as
hardware and software supplied by third parties; communications networks, such
as the Internet and private intranets, which we depend on to provide electronic
transactions to our customers; the internal systems of our customers and
suppliers; the hardware and software systems we use internally in the management
of our business; and non-information technology systems and services we use in
our business, such as telephone systems and building systems.
Healtheon has reviewed the proprietary software systems we use to deliver
services to our customers. Although we believe that our internally developed
applications and systems are designed to be Year 2000 compliant, we utilize
third-party equipment and software that may not be Year 2000 compliant. Also,
two systems acquired by ActaMed, specifically SCAN and ProviderLink, which
together accounted for approximately 42% of our total revenue in 1998, will
require modifications to become Year 2000 compliant. We plan to release Year
2000 upgrades to these systems in early 1999. We estimate the cost of these Year
2000 upgrades to be less than $1.0 million. In addition, our SCAN product is
installed on approximately 4,650 Healtheon-owned workstations located in
provider offices. Many of these workstations are not Year 2000 compliant and we
must upgrade or replace them. We expect the costs of such upgrades or
replacements to be less than $1.0 million. However, we could experience delays
and cost overruns in the development of these upgrades, the upgrades could
contain defects and we could experience difficulties in getting our installed
base of physicians to implement these upgrades in a timely manner. If we
experience these or other difficulties in developing and deploying our Year 2000
upgrades, revenue from SCAN and ProviderLink could be significantly reduced,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations. Failure of third-party or of our equipment or
software to operate properly with regard to the Year 2000 and thereafter could
require us to incur unanticipated expenses to remedy any problems, which could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations. In certain of our agreements, we warrant that our applications
and services are Year 2000 compliant. Failure of our applications and services
to be Year 2000 compliant could result in the termination of these agreements or
in liability for damages, either of which could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not
believe that the expenditures to upgrade our internal systems and applications
will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Furthermore, the success of our efforts may depend on the success of other
healthcare participants in dealing with their Year 2000 issues. Many of these
organizations are not Year 2000 compliant, and the impact of widespread customer
failure on Healtheon's systems is difficult to determine. Customer difficulties
due to Year 2000 issues could interfere with healthcare transactions or
information, which might expose us to significant potential liability. If client
failures result in the failure of our systems, Healtheon's business, financial
condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
Furthermore, the purchasing patterns of these customers or potential customers
may be affected by Year 2000 issues as companies expend significant resources to
become Year 2000 compliant. The costs of becoming Year 2000 compliant for
current or potential customers may result in reduced funds being available to
purchase and implement Healtheon's applications and services.
Healtheon, with the assistance of an independent consulting firm
specializing in Year 2000 issues, has conducted a formal assessment of our Year
2000 exposure and is taking steps to address the identified points of exposure.
We expect to complete our Year 2000 remediation efforts by mid-1999. We do not
presently have a contingency plan for handling Year 2000 problems that are not
detected and corrected prior to their occurrence. Any failure by us to address
any unforeseen Year 2000 issue could adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
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<PAGE> 32
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." We are required to adopt SFAS No. 133 for
the year ending December 31, 2000. SFAS No. 133 establishes methods of
accounting for derivative financial instruments and hedging activities related
to those instruments as well as other hedging activities. Because we currently
hold no derivative financial instruments and do not currently engage in hedging
activities, adoption of SFAS No. 133 is expected to have no material impact on
our financial condition or results of operations.
In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, or
AICPA, issued Statement of Postion, or SOP, 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use." SOP 98-1 requires
that entities capitalize certain costs related to internal use software once
certain criteria have been met. We are required to implement SOP 98-1 for the
year ending December 31, 1999. Adoption of SOP 98-1 is expected to have no
material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In December 1998, the AICPA issued SOP. 98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, with Respect to Certain Transactions." SOP 98-9
requires recognition of revenue using the "residual method" in a
multiple-element software arrangement when fair value does not exist for one or
more of the delivered elements in the arrangement. Under the "residual method,"
the total fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and recognized in
accordance with SOP 97-2. We are required to implement SOP 98-9 for the year
ending December 31, 2000. SOP 98-9 also extends the deferral of the application
of SOP 97-2 to certain other multiple-element software arrangements through
Healtheon's year ending December 31, 1999. Adoption of SOP 98-9 is expected to
have no material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
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<PAGE> 33
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY
The primary objective of Healtheon's investment activities is to preserve
principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our
investments without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities that
we have invested in may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in
prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to
fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with a fixed
interest rate at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later
rises, the principal amount of our investment will probably decline. To minimize
this risk, we maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and short-term
investments in a variety of securities, including commercial paper, other
non-government debt securities and money market funds. In general, money market
funds are not subject to market risk because the interest paid on such funds
fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate. In addition, we invest in
relatively short-term securities. As of December 31, 1998, all of our
investments mature in less than one year. See note 1 of notes to consolidated
financial statements.
The following table presents the amounts of our cash equivalents and
short-term investments that are subject to market risk by range of expected
maturity and weighted-average interest rates as of December 31, 1998. This table
does not include money market funds because those funds are not subject to
market risk.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MATURING IN
---------------------------
THREE MONTHS
THREE MONTHS TO FAIR
OR LESS ONE YEAR TOTAL VALUE
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Included in cash and cash equivalents......... $ 16,858 NA $ 16,858 $ 16,858
Weighted-average interest rate.............. 5.41%
Included in short-term investments............ $ 7,953 $ 9,475 $ 17,428 $ 17,428
Weighted-average interest rates............. 5.40% 5.06%
</TABLE>
EXCHANGE RATE SENSITIVITY
Healtheon operates solely within the United States and, therefore, has no
exposure related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
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<PAGE> 34
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Healtheon's financial statements required by this item are submitted as a
separate section of this Form 10-K. See Item 14.(a)1. for a listing of financial
statements provided in the section titled "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS."
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
The following tables set forth quarterly supplemental data for each of the
years in the two-year period ended December 31, 1998 and reflect Healtheons's
results as restated to reflect our acquisition of ActaMed in 1998, which was
accounted for as a pooling of interests. See note 2 of notes to consolidated
financial statements.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUARTER ENDED YEAR
------------------------------------------------------------ ENDED
MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 DEC. 31
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(UNAUDITED--IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue .................. $ 9,754 $ 10,899 $ 12,578 $ 15,607 $ 48,838
Total operating costs
and expenses ........... 18,782 23,698 26,194 34,112 102,786
Loss from operations ..... (9,028) (12,799) (13,616) (18,505) (53,948)
Dividends on ActaMed's
convertible redeemable
preferred stock ........ (890) -- -- -- (890)
Net loss ................. (9,676) (12,655) (13,529) (18,188) (54,048)
Basic and diluted
net loss per share ..... (1.19) (.47) (.26) (.34) (1.54)
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997
------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUARTER ENDED YEAR
-------------------------------------------------------- ENDED
MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 DEC. 31
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(UNAUDITED--IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue ................ $ 1,922 $ 2,364 $ 2,714 $ 6,390 $ 13,390
Total operating costs
and expenses ......... 8,656 8,327 9,090 12,740 38,813
Loss from operations ... (6,734) (5,963) (6,376) (6,350) (25,423)
Dividends on ActaMed's
convertible redeemable
preferred stock ...... (783) (823) (776) (488) (2,870)
Net loss ............... (7,421) (6,756) (7,096) (6,732) (28,005)
Basic and diluted
net loss per share ... (1.05) (.92) (1.06) (.86) (3.88)
</TABLE>
Our quarterly operating results have varied in the past and we expect that
they will continue to vary in future periods depending on a number of factors
described below and in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Operating Results--Factors That May Affect Future Results of
Operations." Our services revenue in any quarter depends on our mix of
consulting and transaction fee revenue and our ability to meet project
milestones and customer expectations.
To increase our revenue in any operating period, we must enter new markets
and develop new applications and services offerings required by our customers.
Our operating results will be harmed if we experience delays in developing new
applications and services for our customers or defects in our applications.
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<PAGE> 35
We expect to increase activities and spending in substantially all of our
operational areas. We base our expense levels in part upon our expectations
concerning future revenue and these expense levels are relatively fixed in the
short-term. If we have lower revenue, we may not be able to reduce our spending
in the short-term in response. Any shortfall in revenue would have a direct
impact on our results of operations. For these and other reasons, we may not
meet the earnings estimates of securities analysts or investors and our stock
price could suffer.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None
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<PAGE> 36
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Information regarding Healtheon's current executive officers is included
in Item 4A of this Report.
Information regarding Healtheon's directors may be found in the section
captioned "Election of Directors" appearing in the definitive Proxy Statement to
be delivered to stockholders in connection with the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders. This information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information with respect to this item may be found in the section
captioned "Executive Compensation" appearing in the definitive Proxy Statement
to be delivered to stockholders in connection with the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders. This information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Information with respect to this item may be found in the section
captioned "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management"
appearing in the definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to stockholders in
connection with the 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. This information is
incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Information with respect to this item may be found in the section
captioned "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions" appearing in the
definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to stockholders in connection with
the 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. This information is incorporated
herein by reference.
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<PAGE> 37
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Documents filed as part of this report
1. Financial statements
- Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors
- Independent Auditors' Report
- Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 1998 and 1997
- Consolidated Statements of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
- Consolidated Statements of Convertible Redeemable Preferred
Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Net Capital Deficiency)
Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
- Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
- Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2. Financial statement schedules
Financial statement schedules are omitted because the information
called for is not required or is shown either in the
consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.
3. Exhibits
(a) Index to Exhibits
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
EXHIBIT ---------------------------------------- FILED
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION FORM DATE NUMBER HEREWITH
--------- ------------------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
3.2 Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of the Registrant S-1 1/14/99 3.2
3.4 Bylaws of the Registrant S-1 1/14/99 3.4
10.1 Form of Indemnification Agreement to be
entered into by the Registrant with each of
its directors and officers S-1 1/14/99 10.1
10.2 1996 Stock Plan and form of Stock Option
Agreement thereunder S-1 1/14/99 10.2
10.3 ActaMed Corp. 1997 Stock Option Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.3
10.4 ActaMed Corp. 1996 Stock Option Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.4
10.5 ActaMed Corp. 1995 Stock Option Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.5
10.6 ActaMed Corp. 1994 Stock Option Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.6
</TABLE>
37
<PAGE> 38
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
EXHIBIT ---------------------------------------- FILED
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION FORM DATE NUMBER HEREWITH
--------- ------------------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
10.7 ActaMed Corp. 1993 Class B Common Stock Option
Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.7
10.8 ActaMed Corp. 1992 Stock Option Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.8
10.9 ActaMed Corp. 1996 Director Stock Option Plan,
as amended S-1 1/14/99 10.9
10.10 Amended and Restated Investors' Rights
Agreement dated as of May 19, 1998 among the
Registrant and certain of the Registrant's
security holders S-1 1/14/99 10.10
10.11 Lease Agreement, dated December 2, 1997,
between Larvan Properties and Registrant,
including addenda S-1 1/14/99 10.11
10.12 Lease Agreement, dated November 6, 1995, as
amended, between ActaMed Corporation and
ZML-Central Park L.L.C., including addenda S-1 1/14/99 10.12
10.13* Services and License Agreement, dated April 4,
1996, between ActaMed Corporation and United
HealthCare Corporation S-1 1/14/99 10.13
10.14* Services Agreement, dated as of December 31,
1997, as amended, between ActaMed Corporation
and SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories,
Inc. S-1 1/14/99 10.14
10.15* Assets Purchase Agreement, dated as of
December 31, 1997, as amended, between ActaMed
Corporation and SmithKline Beecham Clinical
Laboratories, Inc. S-1 1/14/99 10.15
10.16* License Agreement, dated as of December 31,
1997, between ActaMed Corporation and
SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories, Inc. S-1 1/14/99 10.16
10.17* Development Agreement, dated as of October 31,
1997, between ActaMed Corporation and
SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories, Inc. S-1 1/14/99 10.17
10.18* Services, Development and License Agreement
dated as of December 15, 1997, between the
Registrant and Beech Street Corporation S-1 1/14/99 10.18
10.19* Services, Development and License Agreement
dated as of September 30, 1997, between the
Registrant and Brown & Toland Physician
Services Organization S-1 1/14/99 10.19
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 39
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
EXHIBIT ---------------------------------------- FILED
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION FORM DATE NUMBER HEREWITH
--------- ------------------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
10.20 Amended and Restated Securities Purchase
Agreement, dated as of August 15, 1996,
between the Registrant and investors S-1 1/14/99 10.20
10.21 Amended and Restated Series B Preferred Stock
Purchase Agreement dated October 31, 1996,
between the Registrant and investors S-1 1/14/99 10.21
10.22 Form of Series B Preferred Stock Purchase
Warrant between the Registrant and certain of
the Registrant's investors S-1 1/14/99 10.22
10.23 Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement
dated July 25, 1997, between the Registrant
and investors S-1 1/14/99 10.23
10.24 Series D Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement
dated October 13, 1997, between the Registrant
and investors S-1 1/14/99 10.24
10.25 Full Recourse Promissory Note dated as of July
11, 1997, between the Registrant and W.
Michael Long S-1 1/14/99 10.25
10.26 Form of Promissory Note for Bridge Financing S-1 1/14/99 10.26
10.27 W. Michael Long Employment Agreement S-1 1/14/99 10.27
10.28 Michael Hoover Employment Agreement,
as amended S-1 1/14/99 10.28
10.29 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan S-1 1/14/99 10.29
10.30 Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement,
dated as of October 31, 1998, between the
Registrant and investors S-1 1/14/99 10.30
10.31* Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 31, Amendment
1998, between the Registrant and SmithKline No. 1 to
Beecham Clinical Laboratories, Inc. Form S-1 2/4/99 10.31
10.32* Services Agreement dated January 19, 1999, Amendment
between the Registrant and SmithKline Beecham No. 1 to
Clinical Laboratories, Inc. Form S-1 2/4/99 10.32
</TABLE>
39
<PAGE> 40
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
EXHIBIT ---------------------------------------- FILED
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION FORM DATE NUMBER HEREWITH
--------- ------------------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant X
27.1 Financial Data Schedule X
</TABLE>
* Confidential treatment was received with respect to certain portions
of this agreement. Such portions were omitted and filed separately
with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
No reports on Form 8-K were filed in the quarter ended December
31, 1998.
40
<PAGE> 41
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Santa Clara, State of
California, on the 30th day of March, 1999.
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
By /s/ W. Michael Long
-----------------------------------
W. Michael Long,
Chief Executive Officer
Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints John L.
Westermann III, Jack Dennison and Kallen Chan and any two of them, as
attorneys-in-fact, with the power of substitution, for him or her in any and all
capacities, to sign any amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file
the same, with all exhibits thereto and all documents in connection therewith,
with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact, and any two of them, full power and authority to do and
perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in
connection therewith, as fully as to all intents and purposes that he or she
might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact or any two of them, or their substitutes, may lawfully do or
cause to be done by virtue hereof.
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant
and in the capacities indicated on the 30th day of March, 1999.
SIGNATURE TITLE
- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
/s/ W. Michael Long Chief Executive Officer and Director
- ----------------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer)
W. Michael Long
/s/ John L. Westermann III Chief Financial Officer
- ----------------------------------- (Principal Finance and Accounting
John L. Westermann III Officer)
/s/ James H. Clark Chairman of the Board
- -----------------------------------
James H. Clark
/s/ L. John Doerr Director
- -----------------------------------
L. John Doerr
/s/ Michael K. Hoover President and Director
- -----------------------------------
Michael K. Hoover
/s/ Thomas A. Jermoluk Director
- -----------------------------------
Thomas A. Jermoluk
/s/ C. Richard Kramlich Director
- -----------------------------------
C. Richard Kramlich
/s/ William W. McGuire, M.D. Director
- -----------------------------------
William W. McGuire, M.D.
41
<PAGE> 42
/s/ P.E. Sadler Director
- -----------------------------------
P.E. Sadler
/s/ Laura D'Andrea Tyson Director
- -----------------------------------
Laura D'Andrea Tyson
/s/ Tadataka Yamada, M.D. Director
- -----------------------------------
Tadataka Yamada, M.D.
42
<PAGE> 43
SUMMARY OF TRADEMARKS
The following trademarks and service marks of Healtheon Corporation, which
may be registered in certain jurisdictions, may be referenced in this Form 10-K:
TRADEMARKS
Healtheon
Healtheon's logo
Healtheon ProviderWorks
Healtheon ProviderLink
Virtual Healthcare Network
VHN
All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of
their respective holders.
43
<PAGE> 44
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As required under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,
Healtheon's consolidated financial statements are provided in this separate
section. The consolidated financial statements included in this section are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FINANCIAL STATEMENT DESCRIPTION PAGE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------
<S> <C>
- Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors................................... 45
- Independent Auditors' Report........................................................ 46
- Consolidated Balance Sheets......................................................... 47
As of December 31, 1998 and 1997
- Consolidated Statements of Operations............................................... 48
For the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
- Consolidated Statements of Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders'
Equity (Net Capital Deficiency)..................................................... 49
For the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
- Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows............................................... 52
For the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
- Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.......................................... 54
</TABLE>
44
<PAGE> 45
REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Healtheon Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Healtheon
Corporation as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, convertible redeemable preferred stock and
stockholders' equity (net capital deficiency), and cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1998. These financial statements
are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. In May
1998, the Company acquired ActaMed Corporation in a transaction that was
accounted for as a pooling of interests. We did not audit the financial
statements of ActaMed Corporation for the year ended December 31, 1996, which
statements reflect revenues and a net loss constituting approximately 89% and
54%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement totals for
the year ended December 31, 1996. Those statements were audited by other
auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it
relates to data included for ActaMed Corporation, is based solely on the report
of the other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted accounting
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits and the report of the other auditors provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors,
the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the consolidated financial position of Healtheon Corporation at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the consolidated results of its operations and
its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
1998, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Palo Alto, California
February 16, 1999
45
<PAGE> 46
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
Board of Directors of ActaMed Corporation
We have audited the consolidated statements of operations, convertible
redeemable preferred stock and stockholders' equity (net capital deficiency),
and cash flows of ActaMed Corporation and subsidiary (the "Company") for the
year ended December 31, 1996 (the consolidated financial statements for 1996 are
not separately presented herein). These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated statements of operations, convertible
redeemable preferred stock and stockholders' equity (net capital deficiency),
and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the results of the
Company's operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 1996 in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Atlanta, Georgia
June 20, 1997 (September 26, 1998 as to Note 1--Net Loss per Common Share,
paragraph 2 and Note 2--Acquisition of EDI Services, Inc., paragraph 4)
46
<PAGE> 47
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1998 1997
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ..................................................... $ 19,389 $ 16,504
Short-term investments ........................................................ 17,428 5,300
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $152
in 1998 and $71 in 1997 ....................................................... 4,594 2,723
Due from related parties ...................................................... 3,360 1,533
Other current assets .......................................................... 706 527
--------- ---------
Total current assets .......................................................... 45,477 26,587
Property and equipment, net ..................................................... 12,285 5,500
Intangible assets, net .......................................................... 19,868 18,768
Other assets .................................................................... 2,310 2,892
--------- ---------
$ 79,940 $ 53,747
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (NET CAPITAL DEFICIENCY)
Current liabilities:
Borrowings under line of credit ............................................... $ 1,213 $ 3,425
Accounts payable .............................................................. 5,178 2,225
Accrued compensation .......................................................... 2,424 448
Other accrued liabilities ..................................................... 4,559 1,265
Current portion of capital lease obligations .................................. 2,295 1,038
Deferred revenue .............................................................. 1,874 3,396
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities ..................................................... 17,543 11,797
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion ............................... 2,984 932
Commitments
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, $.016 par value, issuable in series;
1998: none authorized, issued or outstanding;
1997: 16,488,860 shares authorized, 16,488,860 shares issued and outstanding,
at amounts paid in ............................................................ -- 50,948
Stockholders' equity (net capital deficiency):
Convertible preferred stock, $.0001 par value, issuable in series;
1998: 8,285,007 shares authorized, 7,683,341 shares issued and outstanding;
1997: 48,020,000 shares authorized, 21,002,692 shares issued and outstanding;
at amounts paid in ........................................................... 46,101 43,756
Common stock, $.0001 par value;
1998: 150,000,000 shares authorized; 54,463,097 shares issued and outstanding;
1997: 75,000,000 shares authorized; 9,436,724 shares issued and outstanding .. 5 1
Additional paid-in capital .................................................... 123,670 4,502
Note receivable from officer .................................................. -- (349)
Deferred stock compensation ................................................... (6,935) (2,151)
Accumulated deficit ........................................................... (103,428) (55,689)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity (net capital deficiency) ........................... 59,413 (9,930)
--------- ---------
$ 79,940 $ 53,747
========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
47
<PAGE> 48
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue:
Services .................................................... $ 27,102 $ 4,301 $ 1,795
Services to related parties.................................. 20,956 7,309 4,237
Software licenses ........................................... 780 1,780 4,981
--------- --------- ---------
Total revenue ............................................... 48,838 13,390 11,013
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue:
Cost of services .......................................... 27,640 4,011 1,648
Cost of services to related parties ....................... 19,554 6,536 4,919
Cost of software licenses ................................. -- -- 160
--------- --------- ---------
Total cost of revenue ..................................... 47,194 10,547 6,727
Development and engineering ................................. 19,884 12,986 8,596
Sales, general and administrative ........................... 24,231 11,031 9,042
Amortization of intangible assets ........................... 9,857 4,249 3,189
Write-off of offering costs ................................. 1,620 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Total operating costs and expenses .......................... 102,786 38,813 27,554
--------- --------- ---------
Loss from operations .......................................... (53,948) (25,423) (16,541)
Interest income ............................................... 1,262 611 539
Interest expense .............................................. (472) (323) (56)
Dividends on ActaMed's convertible redeemable
preferred stock ............................................. (890) (2,870) (2,548)
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss ...................................................... $ (54,048) $ (28,005) $ (18,606)
========= ========= =========
Basic and diluted net loss per common share ................... $ (1.54) $ (3.88) $ (2.83)
========= ========= =========
Weighted-average shares outstanding used in computing basic and
diluted net loss per common share ........................... 34,987 7,223 6,583
========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
48
<PAGE> 49
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (NET CAPITAL DEFICIENCY)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONVERTIBLE
REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED
PREFERRED STOCK STOCK COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL
---------------------------------------------------------------------- PAID-IN
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1995 ............ 7,682,671 $ 16,030 -- $ -- 5,846,288 $ 1 $ 1,379
Net loss and comprehensive loss .......... -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock to founders and
employees for cash .................... -- -- -- -- 2,806,134 -- 140
Issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock for cash (less issuance costs
of $27) ............................... -- -- 10,285,000 5,115 -- -- --
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock for cash (less issuance costs
of $8) ................................ -- -- 3,000,000 5,992 -- -- --
Issuance of Series B preferred stock
warrant to investor for services ...... -- -- -- 500 -- -- --
Issuance of Series C convertible
redeemable preferred stock for
acquisition ........................... 6,488,276 21,000 -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock warrants ........ -- -- -- -- -- -- 4
Dividends accrued on convertible
redeemable preferred stock ............ -- 2,548 -- -- -- -- --
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1996 ............ 14,170,947 39,578 13,285,000 11,607 8,652,422 1 1,523
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL
NOTE DEFERRED STOCKHOLDERS'
RECEIVABLE STOCK EQUITY (NET
FROM COMPEN- ACCUMULATED CAPITAL
OFFICER SATION DEFICIT DEFICIENCY)
----------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1995 ............ $ -- $ -- $ (9,078) $ (7,698)
Net loss and comprehensive loss .......... -- -- (18,606) (18,606)
Issuance of common stock to founders and
employees for cash .................... -- -- -- 140
Issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock for cash (less issuance costs
of $27) ............................... -- -- -- 5,115
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock for cash (less issuance costs
of $8) ................................ -- -- -- 5,992
Issuance of Series B preferred stock
warrant to investor for services ...... -- -- -- 500
Issuance of Series C convertible
redeemable preferred stock for
acquisition ........................... -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock warrants ........ -- -- -- 4
Dividends accrued on convertible
redeemable preferred stock ............ -- -- -- --
----------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1996 ............ -- -- (27,684) (14,553)
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
49
<PAGE> 50
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (NET CAPITAL DEFICIENCY) (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONVERTIBLE
REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED
PREFERRED STOCK STOCK COMMON STOCK
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1996 ............. 14,170,947 $ 39,578 13,285,000 $ 11,607 8,652,422 $ 1
Net loss and comprehensive loss ........... -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock for option and
restricted stock exercises by employees -- -- -- -- 1,397,844 --
Repurchase of employee common stock ....... -- -- -- -- (613,542) --
Issuance of Series A and Series B
convertible preferred stock for services -- -- 45,000 55 -- --
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock for cash ......................... -- -- 15,000 30 -- --
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock to officer for note receivable ... -- -- 250,000 500 -- --
Issuance of Series B stock warrants in
connection with bridge financing ....... -- -- -- 64 -- --
Issuance of Series C convertible preferred
stock for cash and conversion of bridge
note ................................... -- -- 2,600,000 6,500 -- --
Issuance of Series D convertible preferred
stock for cash ......................... -- -- 4,807,692 25,000 -- --
Issuance of Series D convertible
redeemable preferred stock for asset
purchase ............................... 2,317,913 8,500 -- -- -- --
Repayment of note receivable from
officer ................................ -- -- -- -- -- --
Dividends accrued on convertible
redeemable preferred stock ............. -- 2,870 -- -- -- --
Deferred stock compensation ............... -- -- -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation
-- -- -- -- -- --
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1997 ............. 16,488,860 50,948 21,002,692 43,756 9,436,724 1
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL STOCK-
NOTE DEFERRED HOLDERS'
ADDITIONAL RECEIVABLE STOCK ACCUMU- EQUITY (NET
PAID-IN FROM COMPEN- LATED CAPITAL
CAPITAL OFFICER SATION DEFICIT DEFICIENCY)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1996 ............. $ 1,523 $ -- $ -- $ (27,684) $ (14,553)
Net loss and comprehensive loss ........... -- -- -- (28,005) (28,005)
Issuance of common stock for option and
restricted stock exercises by employees 297 -- -- -- 297
Repurchase of employee common stock ....... (31) -- -- -- (31)
Issuance of Series A and Series B
convertible preferred stock for services -- -- -- -- 55
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock for cash ......................... -- -- -- -- 30
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock to officer for note receivable ... -- (500) -- -- --
Issuance of Series B stock warrants in
connection with bridge financing ....... -- -- -- -- 64
Issuance of Series C convertible preferred
stock for cash and conversion of bridge
note ................................... -- -- -- -- 6,500
Issuance of Series D convertible preferred
stock for cash ......................... -- -- -- -- 25,000
Issuance of Series D convertible
redeemable preferred stock for asset
purchase ............................... -- -- -- -- --
Repayment of note receivable from
officer ................................ -- 151 -- -- 151
Dividends accrued on convertible
redeemable preferred stock ............. -- -- -- -- --
Deferred stock compensation ............... 2,713 -- (2,713) -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation
-- -- 562 -- 562
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1997 ............. 4,502 (349) (2,151) (55,689) (9,930)
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
50
<PAGE> 51
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (NET CAPITAL DEFICIENCY) (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONVERTIBLE
REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED
PREFERRED STOCK STOCK COMMON STOCK
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1997 ............. 16,488,860 $ 50,948 21,002,692 $ 43,756 9,436,724 $ 1
Net loss and comprehensive loss ........... -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock for option and
restricted stock exercises by employees -- -- -- -- 3,532,731 --
Repurchase of employee common stock ....... -- -- -- -- (714,896) --
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock for warrant exercise ............ -- -- 1,017,229 2,034 -- --
Issuance of Series D convertible
redeemable preferred stock for asset
purchase ............................... 763,548 2,800 -- -- -- --
Dividends accrued on convertible
redeemable preferred stock ............. -- 890 -- -- -- --
Conversion of redeemable preferred and
preferred stock to common stock ........ (17,252,408) (54,638) (22,019,921) (45,790) 39,272,329 4
Issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock .................................. -- -- 7,683,341 46,101 -- --
Issuance of common stock for asset
purchases .............................. -- -- -- -- 2,936,209 --
Repayment of note receivable from
officer ................................ -- -- -- -- -- --
Deferred stock compensation ............... -- -- -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation -- -- -- -- -- --
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1998 ............. -- $ -- 7,683,341 $ 46,101 54,463,097 $ 5
============================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL
NOTE DEFERRED STOCKHOLDERS'
ADDITIONAL RECEIVABLE STOCK EQUITY (NET
PAID-IN FROM COMPEN- ACCUMULATED CAPITAL
CAPITAL OFFICER SATION DEFICIT DEFICIENCY)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1997 ............. $ 4,502 $ (349) $ (2,151) $ (55,689) $ (9,930)
Net loss and comprehensive loss ........... -- -- -- (54,048) (54,048)
Issuance of common stock for option and
restricted stock exercises by employees 5,849 -- -- -- 5,849
Repurchase of employee common stock ....... (2,176) -- -- -- (2,176)
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred
stock for warrant exercise ............ -- -- -- -- 2,034
Issuance of Series D convertible
redeemable preferred stock for asset
purchase ............................... -- -- -- -- --
Dividends accrued on convertible
redeemable preferred stock ............. -- -- -- -- --
Conversion of redeemable preferred and
preferred stock to common stock ........ 94,115 -- -- 6,309 54,638
Issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock .................................. -- -- -- -- 46,101
Issuance of common stock for asset
purchases .............................. 13,220 -- -- -- 13,220
Repayment of note receivable from
officer ................................ -- 349 -- -- 349
Deferred stock compensation ............... 8,160 -- (8,160) -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation -- -- 3,376 -- 3,376
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1998 ............. $ 123,670 $ -- $ (6,935) $ (103,428) $ 59,413
======================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
51
<PAGE> 52
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss ........................................................ $(54,048) $(28,005) $(18,606)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization ................................. 19,580 9,319 6,366
Amortization of deferred stock compensation ................... 3,376 562 --
Warrants and preferred stock issued for services .............. -- 119 500
Dividends on ActaMed's convertible redeemable preferred stock 890 2,870 2,548
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable ......................................... (3,510) (806) (5,066)
Other assets ................................................ 420 (224) (325)
Accounts payable ............................................ 2,857 751 1,139
Accrued compensation and other liabilities .................. 4,996 345 800
Deferred revenue ............................................ (1,522) (1,285) 3,078
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used in operating activities ........................... (26,961) (16,354) (9,566)
-------- -------- --------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of short-term investments .............................. (22,529) (5,300) --
Maturities of short-term investments ............................ 10,401 -- --
Increase in restricted cash ..................................... -- (867) --
Purchases of property and equipment ............................. (6,340) (2,817) (2,027)
Cash paid in business combination ............................... (652) -- --
Acquisition costs related to business combination ............... -- -- (316)
Capitalized internally developed software costs ................. -- (291) (1,001)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used in investing activities ........................... (19,120) (9,275) (3,344)
-------- -------- --------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from line of credit borrowings and bridge notes ........ -- 5,395 30
Payment of line of credit borrowings ............................ (2,212) -- --
Proceeds from line of credit borrowings from related party ...... 1,000 -- --
Payments of line of credit borrowings from related party ........ (1,000) -- --
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock ....................... 48,135 29,530 11,107
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of repurchases ...... 3,673 266 144
Payments on note receivable from officer ........................ 349 151 --
Principal payments of capital lease obligations ................. (979) (748) (218)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash from financing activities .............................. 48,966 34,594 11,063
-------- -------- --------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ............ 2,855 8,965 (1,847)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period ................ 16,504 7,539 9,386
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period ...................... $ 19,389 $ 16,504 $ 7,539
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes
52
<PAGE> 53
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
----------- ----------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid ................................................. $ 350 $ 252 $ 56
=========== =========== =======
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing
activities:
Equipment acquired under capital lease obligations ............ $ 4,236 $ 774 $ 2,083
=========== =========== =======
Issuance of note receivable from officer for preferred stock .. $ -- $ 500 $ --
=========== =========== =======
Conversion of bridge notes to preferred stock ................. $ -- $ 2,000 $ --
=========== =========== =======
Issuance of convertible redeemable preferred stock for business
combination ................................................. $ -- $ -- $21,000
=========== =========== =======
Issuance of convertible redeemable preferred stock for asset
purchase .................................................... $ 2,800 $ 8,500 $ --
=========== =========== =======
Issuance of common stock for asset purchases .................. $ 13,220 $ -- $ --
=========== =========== =======
Deferred stock compensation related to options granted ........ $ 8,160 $ 2,713 $ --
=========== =========== =======
Conversion of convertible redeemable preferred and convertible
preferred stock to common stock ............................. $ 94,119 $ -- $ --
=========== =========== =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes
53
<PAGE> 54
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
In May 1998, Healtheon Corporation acquired ActaMed Corporation in a merger
transaction accounted for as a pooling of interests (see Note 2). ActaMed was
incorporated in 1992. Healtheon was incorporated on December 26, 1995 and was
considered to be in the development stage through late 1997. All financial
information has been restated to reflect the combined operations of Healtheon
and ActaMed.
Nature of Operations
Healtheon is pioneering the use of the Internet to simplify workflows,
decrease costs and improve the quality of patient care throughout the healthcare
industry. We have designed and developed an Internet-based information and
transaction platform, which we call the Healtheon Platform, that allows us to
create Virtual Healthcare Networks, or VHNs, that facilitate and streamline
interactions among the myriad participants in the healthcare industry. Our VHN
solution includes a suite of services delivered through applications operating
on our Internet-based platform. Our solution enables the secure exchange of
information among disparate healthcare information systems and supports a broad
range of healthcare transactions, including enrollment, eligibility
determination, referrals and authorization, laboratory and diagnostic test
ordering, clinical data retrieval and claims processing. We provide our own
applications on the Healtheon Platform and also enable third-party applications
to operate on the platform. In addition to VHNs, Healtheon provides consulting,
implementation and network management services to enable our customers to take
advantage of the capabilities of the Healtheon Platform.
Healtheon has incurred operating losses to date and had an accumulated
deficit of $103,428,000 at December 31, 1998. Through December 31, 1998, our
activities have been primarily financed through private placements of equity
securities. We had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling
$36,817,000 at December 31, 1998. As noted above and as further discussed in
Note 2, Healtheon merged with ActaMed in May 1998. This merger may significantly
affect our operating cash needs. We completed our initial public offering in
February 1999 and raised approximately $41,900,000. See Note 15.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Healtheon and
its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances and
transactions have been eliminated.
Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. Actual
results could differ materially from these estimates.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
All highly liquid investments with an original maturity from date of
purchase of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.
Healtheon's cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are invested in
various investment-grade commercial paper, money market accounts and
certificates of deposit. All of our short-term investments mature within nine
months. The fair value of our cash equivalents and short-term investments is as
follows (in thousands):
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<PAGE> 55
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
1998 1997
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Cash equivalents:
Corporate and other non-government debt securities .. $16,858 $12,704
Money market funds .................................. 43 3,429
------- -------
16,901 16,133
Short-term investments:
Corporate and other non-government debt securities .. 17,428 5,300
------- -------
$34,329 $21,433
======= =======
</TABLE>
Net unrealized gains (losses) were immaterial at December 31, 1998 and
1997.
Management determines the appropriate classification of debt and equity
securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each
balance sheet date. Marketable debt and equity securities are classified as
available-for-sale, and are carried at their fair value, with the unrealized
gains and losses, when material, reported net-of-tax in a separate component of
stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to
be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included in
interest income. The cost of securities sold is based on specific
identification. Interest and dividends on securities classified as
available-for-sale are included in interest income.
Additionally, at December 31, 1998 and 1997, we had restricted cash of
$867,000, related to a letter of credit invested in a certificate of deposit at
a financial institution as a security deposit for its office facilities (see
Note 6). This amount is included in other assets in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated amortization
and depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over
the estimated useful life of the related asset, generally three to seven years.
Leasehold improvements and equipment acquired under capital leases are amortized
over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the related
asset.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets related to software technology rights, services
agreements and goodwill are amortized on a straight-line basis over three years.
Intangible assets related to assembled workforce are amortized on a
straight-line basis over two years.
Software Development Costs
Software development costs are incurred in the development or enhancement
of software utilized in providing Healtheon's services. Software development
costs incurred after the establishment of technological feasibility for each
product or process are capitalized and capitalization ceases when the product or
process is available for general release to customers or is put into service.
Capitalized internally developed software costs were approximately $291,000 in
1997 and $1,001,000 in 1996. There were no internally developed software costs
capitalized in 1998. Capitalized internally developed software costs are
amortized based on the greater of the amount determined using the straight line
method over the estimated useful economic life of the software or the ratio of
remaining unamortized costs to current and expected future revenue from the
software. Amortization expense related to our capitalized internally developed
software costs included in cost of revenue was approximately $782,000 in 1998,
$376,000 in 1997 and $134,000 in 1996.
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<PAGE> 56
Long-Lived Assets
Healtheon continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that
could indicate carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including intangible
assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances are
present, we assess the recoverability of long-lived assets by determining
whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through undiscounted
expected future cash flows. In June 1998, we evaluated the carrying value of the
capitalized internally developed software in light of the changes in operations
resulting from the acquisition of ActaMed by Healtheon. We determined that we
expected no future cash flows to be generated by this software and, accordingly,
wrote off the remaining unamortized balance of $603,000 related to capitalized
internally developed software. This amount is included in the $782,000
amortization expense in 1998 noted above. No impairment losses were recorded in
1997 and 1996.
Revenue Recognition
Healtheon earns revenue from services and services to related parties, both
of which include providing access to our network-based services and performing
development and consulting services, and from licensing software. Services
revenue also includes revenue from the management and operation of customers' IT
infrastructure. We earn network-based services revenue from fixed fee
subscription arrangements, which is recognized ratably over the term of the
applicable agreement, and from arrangements that are priced on a per-transaction
or per-user basis, which is recognized as the services are performed. Revenue
from development projects is recognized on a percentage-of-completion basis or
as such services are performed, depending on the terms of the contract. Revenue
from consulting services and revenue from the management and operation of
customers' IT infrastructure is recognized as the services are performed. Cash
received in excess of revenue recognized relating to such services has been
recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Revenue from services to related parties consists of services revenue
attributable to UnitedHealth Group and SmithKline Labs. To date, we have derived
no significant revenue from brokers, value-added resellers or systems
integrators.
During 1997, we entered into agreements with two customers to manage and
operate their current and expanding information technology, or IT, operations,
to develop a suite of specific Internet-based commercial software applications
and to assist these customers in migrating from their current IT operating
environment to these new applications. We utilize our own personnel, certain
outside contractors and certain personnel and facilities of the customers that
are leased under contract terms to us for these services. The cost of these
leased customer personnel and facilities is included as part of the total costs
of the IT and development services that we billed to the customers. In 1998, we
recognized revenue of approximately $15,061,000 for the IT services and
approximately $6,471,000 for the development services. In 1997, we recognized
revenue of approximately $2,100,000 for the IT services and approximately
$200,000 for the development services. Revenue recognized for IT services
included $11,792,000 in 1998 and $1,909,000 in 1997 related to leased personnel
and facilities. These amounts were also included in cost of revenue for the
respective periods.
We recognize revenue from license fees when a noncancellable license
agreement has been signed with a customer, the software product covered by the
license agreement has been delivered, there are no uncertainties surrounding
product acceptance, there are no significant future performance obligations, the
license fees are fixed and determinable and collection of the license fees is
considered probable. Our products do not require significant customization.
In October 1997, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
(AICPA) issued Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition."
SOP 97-2 was effective January 1, 1998 and generally requires revenue earned on
software arrangements involving multiple elements such as software products,
upgrades, enhancements, post-contract customer support, installation and
training to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair values of
the elements. There was no material change to our accounting for revenue as a
result of the adoption of SOP 97-2.
ActaMed entered into a national marketing and licensing agreement, or the
Agreement, with International Business Machines Corporation in 1995 that granted
IBM a nonexclusive, nontransferable right to market ActaMed's software and
services for a total of $6,300,000. Under the Agreement, we recognized software
license revenue of approximately $1,200,000 in 1997 and approximately $3,400,000
in 1996, upon delivery of the software. All revenue under the Agreement had been
recognized by the end of 1997.
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<PAGE> 57
In December 1996, we entered into a new agreement, or the License, to
license our newly granted patent to IBM. As part of the License, IBM agreed to
pay ActaMed $4,800,000 over a four-year period. Additionally, in conjunction
with the License, we issued IBM a five-year warrant to purchase 282,522 shares
of our common stock at a price of $7.97 per share. Because of the extended
payment terms and ActaMed's contentious relationship with IBM, we concluded that
the license fee was not assured of collection and, accordingly, we are
recognizing this revenue as the proceeds are collected. We recognized revenue
from the License of $780,000 in 1998, $780,000 in 1997 and $995,000 in 1996.
Accounts receivable included $815,000 at December 31, 1998 and $738,000 at
December 31, 1997 due from IBM. Other assets included $900,000 at December 31,
1998 and $1,715,000 at December 31, 1997 due from IBM. Deferred revenue included
$1,561,000 at December 31, 1998 and $2,341,000 at December 31, 1997 related to
the License.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value for marketable debt securities is based on quoted market
prices. The carrying value of these securities approximates their fair value.
The fair value of notes is estimated by discounting the future cash flows
using the current interest rates at which similar loans would be made to
borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. The
carrying value of the note receivable from an officer approximated its fair
value.
The fair value of short-term and long-term capital lease obligations is
estimated based on current interest rates available to Healtheon for debt
instruments with similar terms, degrees of risk and remaining maturities. The
carrying values of these obligations approximate their respective fair values.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Healtheon currently derives a substantial portion of its consolidated
revenue from a few large customers, two of which are related parties. Four
customers represented 30%, 12%, 11% and 10% of the total balance of trade
accounts receivable and amounts due from related parties at December 31, 1998
and two customers represented 35% and 17% of the total balance of trade accounts
receivable and amounts due from related parties at December 31, 1997. We believe
that the concentration of credit risk in our trade receivables, with respect to
our limited customer base, is substantially mitigated by our credit evaluation
process. We do not require collateral. To date, our bad debt write-offs have not
been significant. We added approximately $103,000 in 1998, $35,000 in 1997 and
$41,000 in 1996 to our bad debt reserves. Total write-offs of uncollectible
amounts were $22,000 in 1998, $5,000 in 1997 and zero in 1996.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
Healtheon grants stock options for a fixed number of shares to employees
with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the shares at the date
of grant. As permitted under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS)
No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," we account for stock option
grants to employees and directors in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25,
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees."
Net Loss Per Common Share
Basic net loss per common share and diluted net loss per common share are
presented in conformity with SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," for all periods
presented. In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 98, common stock and convertible preferred stock issued
or granted for nominal consideration prior to the effective date of our initial
public offering must be included in the calculation of basic and diluted net
loss per common share as if they had been outstanding for all periods presented.
We have had no issuances or grants for nominal consideration.
In accordance with SFAS No. 128, basic net loss per common share has been
computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding
during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. On May 19, 1998, in
connection with Healtheon's acquisition of ActaMed, all outstanding shares of
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Healtheon's convertible preferred stock and ActaMed's convertible redeemable
preferred stock were converted into an aggregate of 39,272,329 shares of common
stock.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss
per common share follows (in thousands, except per share data):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net loss ............................................ $(54,048) $(28,005) $(18,606)
======== ======== ========
Basic and diluted:
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding 36,418 8,621 7,398
Less: Weighted-average shares subject to repurchase (1,431) (1,398) (815)
======== ======== ========
Weighted-average shares used in computing basic and
diluted net loss per common share ................. 34,987 7,223 6,583
======== ======== ========
Basic and diluted net loss per common share ......... $ (1.54) $ (3.88) $ (2.83)
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
We have excluded all convertible redeemable preferred stock, convertible
preferred stock, warrants, outstanding stock options and shares subject to
repurchase by Healtheon from the calculation of diluted loss per common share
because all such securities are anti-dilutive for all periods presented. The
total number of shares excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share
was 23,020,426 in 1998, 51,216,689 in 1997 and 36,643,084 in 1996. See Notes 9,
10 and 11 for further information on these securities.
Comprehensive Loss
Healtheon has no material components of other comprehensive loss and
accordingly the comprehensive loss is the same as net loss for all periods
presented.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS
No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." We are
required to adopt SFAS No. 133 for the year ending December 31, 2000. SFAS No.
133 establishes methods of accounting for derivative financial instruments and
hedging activities related to those instruments as well as other hedging
activities. Because we currently hold no derivative financial instruments and
not currently engage in hedging activities, adoption of SFAS No. 133 is expected
to have no material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In March 1998, the AICPA issued SOP 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use." SOP 98-1 requires
that entities capitalize certain costs related to internal use software once
certain criteria have been met. We are required to implement SOP 98-1 for the
year ending December 31, 1999. Adoption of SOP 98-1 is expected to have no
material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In December 1998, the AICPA issued SOP. 98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, with Respect to Certain Transactions." SOP 98-9
requires recognition of revenue using the "residual method" in a
multiple-element software arrangement when fair value does not exist for one or
more of the delivered elements in the arrangement. Under the "residual method,"
the total fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and recognized in
accordance with SOP 97-2. We are required to implement SOP 98-9 for the year
ending December 31, 2000. SOP 98-9 also extends the deferral of the application
of SOP 97-2 to certain other multiple-element software arrangements through
Healtheon's year ending December 31, 1999. Adoption of SOP 98-9 is expected to
have no material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
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2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Acquisition of EDI Services, Inc.
Effective March 31, 1996, ActaMed acquired EDI Services Inc., or EDI, a
wholly-owned subsidiary of UnitedHealth Group, in a transaction through which
EDI became a wholly-owned subsidiary of ActaMed. ActaMed issued 6,488,276 shares
of Series C convertible redeemable preferred stock with a fair value of
$21,000,000 and incurred acquisition-related costs of approximately $316,000 in
connection with the acquisition. EDI is a provider of electronic data
interchange services to health care providers and has marketed its health care
network product, ProviderLink, to providers of UnitedHealth Group's local health
plans since 1992.
In connection with the acquisition, UnitedHealth Group and ActaMed entered
into a five-year Services and License Agreement under which we earn transaction
fee revenue by providing certain health care information services to
UnitedHealth Group and its provider network and ProviderLink subscribers.
The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. Accordingly, the
operations of EDI were included in our consolidated statements of operations
after March 31, 1996. Assets and liabilities acquired in connection with this
acquisition were recorded at their estimated fair market values. Approximately
$359,000 of the purchase price was allocated to certain equipment and the
remainder of the purchase price was allocated to intangible assets, consisting
principally of software technology rights, the Services and License Agreement,
trademarks and goodwill.
Subsequent to the issuance of the financial statements for 1997 and 1996,
ActaMed changed the allocation of the purchase price associated with the
acquisition of the EDI technology to decrease the amount previously expensed as
in process research and development costs and increase the amount capitalized as
software technology rights. The financial statements for ActaMed for the year
ended December 31, 1996, have been reissued to reflect this restatement.
Intangible assets arising from the acquisition of EDI at March 31, 1996 are
summarized as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMORTIZATION
PERIOD
------------
<S> <C> <C>
Goodwill..................................................................... 3 years $ 8,012
Software technology rights................................................... 3 years 8,333
Service and License Agreement................................................ 3 years 2,855
Trademarks................................................................... 3 years 216
Other intangibles............................................................ 3 years 1,541
---------
$ 20,957
=========
</TABLE>
The following pro forma information gives effect to the acquisition of EDI
as if such transaction had occurred as of the beginning of 1996 (in thousands,
except per share data, unaudited):
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Net revenue.................................................................. $ 12,031
=========
Net loss..................................................................... $ (20,492)
=========
Basic and diluted net loss per common share.................................. $ (3.11)
=========
</TABLE>
Acquisition of ActaMed Corporation
On May 19, 1998, Healtheon completed its acquisition of ActaMed, a Georgia
corporation that develops and markets an integrated health care network, in a
transaction that has been accounted for as a pooling of interests. Accordingly,
the financial information presented reflects the combined financial position and
operations of Healtheon and ActaMed for all dates and periods presented.
Healtheon issued 23,271,355 shares of its common stock in exchange for all of
the outstanding shares of common and convertible redeemable preferred stock of
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ActaMed. Healtheon also assumed all outstanding stock options and warrants to
acquire 3,383,011 shares of ActaMed capital stock, after giving effect to the
exchange ratio.
Separate results of the combined entities for the four months ended April
30, 1998 (period ended immediately prior to the acquisition) and the full years
of 1997 and 1996 were as follows (in thousands, unaudited):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOUR MONTHS
ENDED YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
APRIL 30, ------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue:
Healtheon .. $ 6,405 $ 3,199 $ 1,200
ActaMed .... 6,690 10,191 9,813
-------- -------- --------
$ 13,095 $ 13,390 $ 11,013
======== ======== ========
Net loss:
Healtheon .. $ (6,664) $(13,979) $ (8,543)
ActaMed .... (6,186) (14,026) (10,063)
-------- -------- --------
$(12,850) $(28,005) $(18,606)
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
There were no intercompany transactions between the two companies or
significant conforming accounting adjustments.
Acquisition of Metis, LLC
On August 25, 1998, Healtheon acquired Metis, LLC, a provider of
Internet/intranet strategic consulting, design and development of Internet-based
applications and content for the healthcare industry enabling clinical
integration and managed care process improvement. The acquisition has been
accounted for using the purchase method of accounting and, accordingly, the
purchase price has been allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired
and the liabilities assumed on the basis of their respective fair values on the
acquisition date. Metis' results of operations have been included in the
consolidated financial statements from its date of acquisition.
Healtheon issued 1,600,000 shares of its common stock with a fair market
value of $8,320,000. Of these shares, 476,548 shares were issued to employees
under restricted stock purchase agreements subject to a lapsing right of
repurchase, at Healtheon's option, over the respective vesting periods. In
addition, we made a cash payment of $652,000, assumed liabilities of
approximately $300,000 and incurred other acquisition related expenses,
consisting primarily of legal and other professional fees, of approximately
$100,000. The total purchase price was approximately $9,400,000. Approximately
$300,000 of the purchase price was allocated to accounts receivable and certain
assets; approximately $1,400,000 of the purchase price was allocated to the
assembled workforce of Metis and will be amortized over two years; and the
remaining $7,700,000 of the purchase price was allocated to goodwill and will be
amortized over three years.
3. SERVICES AGREEMENT WITH SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CLINICAL LABORATORIES, INC.
Effective December 31, 1997, Healtheon entered into a series of agreements
with SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories, Inc., or SmithKline Labs, to
outsource the network connection between their customers and SmithKline Labs
laboratories. In connection with this transaction, SmithKline Labs and Healtheon
entered into a five-year Services Agreement under which we will earn transaction
fee revenue by providing certain health care information services to SmithKline
Labs and its provider customers.
As part of that transaction, we acquired a license to SmithKline Labs' SCAN
software and computer workstations that reside in various medical providers'
offices. At December 31, 1997, the SCAN license and the assets from one region
of the country were transferred to Healtheon for $2,000,000 in cash and
2,317,913 shares of Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock valued at
$8,500,000. In March and June 1998, the assets for the remaining regions of the
country were transferred to Healtheon and we paid the remaining purchase price
of
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<PAGE> 61
$7,700,000 through the issuance of 763,548 shares of our Series D convertible
redeemable preferred stock in March and 1,336,209 shares of our common stock in
June. The value of the services agreement and the SCAN software license totaled
$14,774,000, and the value of the computer workstations totaled $3,426,000.
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
1998 1997
---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Computer equipment............................................... $ 14,979 $ 6,238
Office equipment, furniture and fixtures......................... 2,958 1,237
Purchased software for internal use.............................. 2,624 1,240
Leasehold improvements........................................... 1,465 328
---------- ---------
22,026 9,043
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization................... (9,741) (3,543)
---------- ---------
Property and equipment, net...................................... $ 12,285 $ 5,500
========== =========
</TABLE>
Property and equipment included assets acquired under capital lease
obligations with a cost of approximately $6,481,000 at December 31, 1998 and a
cost of approximately $3,076,000 at December 31, 1997. Accumulated depreciation
related to the assets acquired under capital leases totaled $2,656,000 at
December 31, 1998 and $1,174,000 at December 31, 1997.
5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMORTIZATION
PERIOD DECEMBER 31,
------------ ------------------------------
1998 1997
------------ -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Services agreements................... 3 years $ 2,855 $ 2,855
Software technology rights............ 3 years 23,107 17,664
Internally developed software......... 3 years -- 1,292
Trademarks............................ 3 years 216 216
Goodwill.............................. 3 years 15,668 8,012
Other................................. 2-3 years 2,924 1,541
------------ -------------
44,770 31,580
Less accumulated amortization......... (24,902) (12,812)
------------ -------------
$ 19,868 $ 18,768
============ =============
</TABLE>
6. COMMITMENTS
Healtheon has entered into several lease lines of credit. Lease lines
entered into totaled $3,500,000 in 1996, $2,000,000 in 1997 and $7,000,000 in
1998. Approximately $7,092,000 had been utilized under these lease lines through
December 31, 1998. At December 31, 1998, approximately $6,508,000 was available
for future utilization under these lease lines. This amount included
approximately $1,100,000 that was repaid under the terms of a
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<PAGE> 62
revolving lease line and is thus again available for future utilization. The
arrangements are secured by the property and equipment subject to the leases.
The term of the leases is generally three years and the interest rates implicit
in the leases range from 16.9% to 20.2% per annum. Information on payments due
under these lease lines is included in the table below under "Capital Leases."
We lease our headquarters and other office facilities under operating lease
agreements that expire at various dates through 2008. Total rent expense for all
operating leases was approximately $2,386,000 in 1998, $1,165,000 in 1997 and
$1,646,000 in 1996. These amounts are net of sublease income from a related
party of approximately $65,000 in 1998, $58,000 in 1997 and $68,000 in 1996.
Future minimum lease commitments under noncancellable lease agreements at
December 31, 1998 were as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OPERATING CAPITAL
LEASES LEASES
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Year ending December 31,
1999............................................................... $ 2,612 $ 2,636
2000............................................................... 2,055 2,035
2001............................................................... 1,570 1,151
2002............................................................... 968 --
2003............................................................... 987 --
Thereafter......................................................... 4,277 --
----------- -----------
Total minimum lease payments......................................... $ 12,469 5,822
===========
Amount representing interest......................................... (543)
-----------
Present value of minimum lease payments under capital lease
obligations........................................................ 5,279
Less current portion................................................. (2,295)
------------
Non-current portion.................................................. $ 2,984
===========
</TABLE>
7. BRIDGE LOANS AND NOTE RECEIVABLE FROM OFFICER
In 1997, Healtheon borrowed $2,000,000 from certain stockholders in the
form of 6% convertible promissory notes in contemplation of the Series C
convertible preferred stock offering. These notes were converted into 800,000
shares of Series C convertible preferred stock upon the closing of that
offering. Warrants to purchase 61,947 shares of Series B convertible preferred
stock were issued in connection with the notes (see Note 10).
In July 1997, in consideration of 250,000 shares of Series B convertible
preferred stock issued to an officer, we received a one-year, full-recourse,
noninterest-bearing promissory note for $500,000. At December 31, 1998, the note
had been paid in full.
8. LINES OF CREDIT
In September 1997, Healtheon entered into a line of credit agreement with a
bank that allows us to borrow up to $2,101,000. Amounts borrowed under this
agreement bear interest at the bank's prime rate (7.75% at December 31, 1998).
Interest is payable monthly with payments commencing on September 30, 1997. The
line of credit availability declines over the term to $1,215,000 at December 31,
1998 and $547,000 at December 31, 1999, and expires on September 5, 2000. The
amount outstanding is collateralized by certain assets. At December 31, 1998,
$1,213,000 was outstanding under the agreement.
In December 1997, we entered into a loan agreement with a bank that allowed
us to borrow up to $2,250,000. Amounts borrowed under this loan agreement bore
interest at the bank's prime rate (7.75% at December 31, 1998). The loan was
personally guaranteed by a stockholder until the acquisition of ActaMed in May
1998. In May 1998, concurrent with the removal of the stockholder guarantee, the
interest rate was increased to the bank's prime rate
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plus 1.5%. Interest was payable monthly with payments commencing on January 31,
1998. The principal balance of the loan was repaid in full in August 1998.
In February 1998, we entered into a $2,000,000 line of credit agreement
with a stockholder. We borrowed $1,000,000 under the agreement, which was repaid
with interest at 10% per annum in May 1998.
9. CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
A summary of ActaMed's 8% cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock
is as follows.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------------------------------------------
SHARES ISSUED AND LIQUIDATION
AUTHORIZED OUTSTANDING PREFERENCE
-------------- -------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Series A............ 5,519,912 5,519,912 $ 10,458,000
Series B............ 2,162,759 2,162,759 8,171,000
Series C............ 6,488,276 6,488,276 23,936,000
Series D............ 2,317,913 2,317,913 8,500,000
-------------- -------------- --------------
16,488,860 16,488,860 $ 51,065,000
============== ============== ==============
</TABLE>
In March 1998, an additional 763,548 shares of Series D convertible
redeemable preferred stock were issued in connection with the asset acquisition
from SmithKline Labs (see Note 3).
Dividends on each Series were cumulative whether or not declared and are
shown as a charge against income in the accompanying financial statements. On
May 19, 1998, in connection with the acquisition of ActaMed by Healtheon, the
convertible redeemable preferred stockholders waived payment of all accrued and
unpaid dividends.
Preferred holders voted generally on an as-if converted basis. In addition,
a majority approval of the four Series was required to approve certain
transactions.
The Series A, B, C and D cumulative convertible redeemable preferred
stockholders were entitled to receive, upon liquidation, an amount per share
equal to the issuance price, plus all accrued but unpaid dividends. Common
stockholders would then have received $5,000,000. Any remaining proceeds would
then have been distributed pro rata to the stockholders, subject only to the
Series A holders' right to receive sufficient funds to provide a 20% return on
their original investment.
Each Series was redeemable at up to one-third of the originally issued
shares per year commencing in years six, seven and eight after the issue date at
a redemption price equal to the issue price plus all accrued but unpaid
dividends. On May 19, 1998, all outstanding shares of convertible redeemable
preferred stock were converted into 17,252,408 shares of common stock in
connection with the acquisition of ActaMed by Healtheon.
10. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Convertible Preferred Stock
In October 1998, the Board of Directors authorized 8,285,007 shares of
convertible preferred stock and designated all of these shares as Series A. In
November 1998, we issued 7,683,341 shares of Series A convertible preferred
stock for $46,101,000 of cash proceeds. The Series A convertible preferred
stockholders are entitled to non-cumulative dividends of $.405 per share per
annum, and liquidation rights per share equal to the issuance price plus all
declared but unpaid dividends. Each share of Series A preferred stock is
convertible into one share of common stock. The Series A preferred stock has
voting rights equal to the common stock issuable upon conversion. Upon the
closing of our initial public offering in February 1999, all of the outstanding
shares of Series A preferred stock were converted into shares of common stock.
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<PAGE> 64
At December 31, 1997, Healtheon was authorized to issue 48,020,000 shares
of convertible preferred stock, designated in series. A summary of convertible
preferred stock was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------------------------------------------
ISSUED
SHARES AND LIQUIDATION
DESIGNATED OUTSTANDING PREFERENCE
-------------- -------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Series A............ 10,305,000 10,305,000 $ 5,153,000
Series B............ 6,105,000 3,290,000 6,580,000
Series C............ 2,600,000 2,600,000 6,500,000
Series D............ 5,000,000 4,807,692 25,000,000
-------------- -------------- --------------
24,010,000 21,002,692 $ 43,233,000
============== ============== ==============
</TABLE>
Series A and Series B convertible preferred shares included 20,000 and
25,000 shares, respectively, that were issued for services rendered.
On May 19, 1998, all outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock were
converted into shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis at the election of
the holders in connection with Healtheon's acquisition of ActaMed. Concurrently
with the conversion, all outstanding warrants to purchase Series B preferred
stock were converted into warrants to purchase the same number of shares of
common stock.
Series A, B, C and D convertible preferred stockholders were entitled to
noncumulative dividends of $0.03375, $0.135, $0.16875 and $0.351, respectively,
per share per annum. No dividends were declared through the date of conversion.
The Series A, B, C and D convertible preferred stockholders were entitled to
receive, upon liquidation, an amount per share equal to the issuance price, plus
all declared but unpaid dividends. The Series A, B, C and D convertible
preferred stockholders had voting rights equal to the common shares issuable
upon conversion.
Preferred Stock
In July 1998, the Board of Directors approved a resolution authorizing
Healtheon to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. This resolution
became effective upon the date of our initial public offering, February 10,
1999.
Warrants
In November 1996, Healtheon issued a warrant to a venture capital investor
to purchase 1,000,000 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock at an
exercise price of $2.00 per share for services rendered by the investor on
Healtheon's behalf. A then partner of the venture capital firm assumed the role
of President and Chief Executive Officer for Healtheon from our inception
through June 1997. The warrant was immediately exercisable and expires three
years from the date of issuance. We recorded a charge of $500,000 representing
the fair value of the warrant issued and services received based on a valuation
obtained from an independent appraiser utilizing a modified Black-Scholes option
pricing model. This warrant was outstanding at December 31, 1997 and in May 1998
was converted to a warrant to purchase common stock. It remained outstanding at
December 31, 1998.
In November 1996, we granted a warrant to one of our directors to purchase
1,000,000 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock at an exercise price of
$2.00 per share, the fair value of Series B convertible preferred stock at the
date of issuance. The warrant vests over a period of 18 months from the date of
issuance. The term of the warrant is three years. This warrant was outstanding
at December 31, 1997 and was exercised in full in May 1998.
In December 1996, we issued a warrant to a customer to purchase 282,522
shares of common stock at a price of $7.97 per share. The warrant expires in
December 2001. This warrant was outstanding at December 31, 1998.
In July 1997, we issued a warrant to an officer, in connection with his
employment, to purchase 750,000 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock
at an exercise price of $2.00 per share, the fair value of Series B convertible
preferred stock at the date of issuance. The warrant expires three years from
issuance, and shares purchased under the warrant are subject to repurchase by
Healtheon, at our option, upon termination of employment. Shares under the
64
<PAGE> 65
warrant vest ratably over a period of two years from the date of grant. This
warrant was outstanding at December 31, 1997 and in May 1998 was converted to a
warrant to purchase common stock. It remained outstanding at December 31, 1998.
In July 1997, we issued warrants to purchase a total of 61,947 shares of
Series B convertible preferred stock to certain investors in connection with a
bridge financing. The warrants expire four years from issuance and are
exercisable at $2.00 per share. The value of these warrants, approximately
$64,000, was expensed as a cost of financing. All of these warrants were
outstanding at December 31, 1997. In May 1998, warrants to purchase 17,229
shares of Series B convertible preferred stock were exercised and the remainder
of the warrants, which were outstanding at December 31, 1998, were converted to
warrants to purchase 44,718 shares of common stock.
In December 1998, as part of a service agreement with a customer, we issued
to the customer a warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of common stock with an
exercise price of $10.40 per share. The warrant vests as to 200,000 shares in
December 1999 and as to an additional 100,000 shares in December 2000, 2001 and
2002. The warrant expires in March 2003.
At December 31, 1998, we had reserved 2,577,240 shares of our common stock
for issuance upon exercise of the outstanding warrants for common stock.
11. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock Option Plans
Under the 1996 Stock Plan, or the 1996 Plan, which was adopted in February
1996, the Board of Directors may grant options to purchase common stock or issue
common stock subject to a restricted stock purchase agreement to eligible
participants. Options granted may be either incentive stock options or
nonstatutory stock options and are exercisable within the times or upon the
events determined by the Board of Directors as specified in each option
agreement. Options vest over a period of time as determined by the Board of
Directors, generally four years. The term of the 1996 Plan is ten years. At
December 31, 1998, a total of 15,000,000 shares had been reserved under the 1996
Plan and 1,237,424 shares remained available for future grant under the 1996
Plan. The number of shares reserved under the 1996 Plan is subject to an annual
increase equal to the lesser of 5% of the outstanding common shares or a lesser
amount determined by the Board of Directors. In January 1999, an additional
3,107,321 shares were reserved under the 1996 Plan under the annual increase
provision. In February 1999, the Board of Directors and the stockholders
approved an amendment to increase the number of shares reserved for issuance
under the 1996 Plan by an additional 1,000,000 shares.
On October 20, 1998, we offered our employees who were granted options from
July 1998 through October 1998 the ability to cancel their original option grant
in exchange for a new option agreement with a new vesting start date and an
option price of $3.55 per share. A total of 3,380,200 option shares with
exercise prices of $4.50, $6.30, $7.00 and $8.00 were eligible to be repriced. A
total of 2,057,950 option shares were cancelled and reissued.
In connection with the acquisition of ActaMed, Healtheon assumed all the
outstanding options issued under the ActaMed stock option plans, after the
application of the exchange ratio, and reserved 3,100,489 shares of common stock
for issuance upon exercise of the assumed options. No further options can be
granted under these plans. At the time of the acquisition, options for 2,717,269
shares were fully vested. The remainder of the shares vest based upon annual
cliffs over a five-year period from the date of grant.
Shares issued subject to restricted stock purchase agreements totaled
1,098,732 in 1998, 850,000 in 1997 and 1,806,000 in 1996. All of these shares
were issued to employees for cash. The common stock is subject to repurchase at
the original exercise price until vested, at our option. The shares vest over a
period of time as determined by the Board of Directors for each individual
purchase agreement, generally four years. During 1998, 259,896 shares were
repurchased from terminated employees and 613,542 shares were repurchased in
1997. In addition, on December 14, 1998, 455,000 shares of common stock issued
in July 1998 subject to restricted stock purchase agreements were rescinded as
part of the repricing program. Shares subject to repurchase totaled
approximately 1,247,000 at
65
<PAGE> 66
December 31, 1998, approximately 1,430,000 at December 31, 1997 and
approximately 1,660,000 at December 31, 1996.
The following table summarizes stock option activity:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE
NUMBER OF EXERCISE PRICE
SHARES PER SHARE
------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Options outstanding at December 31, 1995.................................. 2,474,438 $ .88
Granted................................................................. 3,004,384 .54
Exercised............................................................... (300) .05
Canceled................................................................ (233,907) .78
-------------
Options outstanding at December 31, 1996.................................. 5,244,615 .68
Granted................................................................. 5,394,008 .73
Exercised............................................................... (547,844) .16
Canceled................................................................ (890,528) .49
-------------
Options outstanding at December 31, 1997.................................. 9,200,251 .72
Granted................................................................. 7,743,881 4.32
Exercised............................................................... (2,433,999) .59
Canceled................................................................ (2,997,333) 4.95
-------------
Options outstanding at December 31, 1998.................................. 11,512,800 $ 2.06
=============
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------- ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted-average fair value of options granted................ $ .67 $ .18 $ .15
============= ============= ============
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes information regarding options outstanding
and exercisable at December 31, 1998:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE
WEIGHTED- REMAINING WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE CONTRACTUAL AVERAGE
NUMBER EXERCISE LIFE NUMBER EXERCISE
EXERCISE PRICES OUTSTANDING PRICE (IN YEARS) EXERCISABLE PRICE
- ------------------ ----------- -------- ----------- ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ .03 - $ .08 1,218,970 $ .04 6.28 687,696 $ .04
$ .20 - $ .25 2,887,653 .25 8.54 2,192,610 .25
$ 1.00 - $ 1.50 1,597,411 1.25 7.90 730,210 1.35
$ 2.00 - $ 3.24 1,368,002 2.84 8.70 661,437 3.22
$ 3.55 2,863,225 3.55 9.67 -- --
$ 3.67 - $ 4.50 1,550,239 4.36 9.45 1,500 4.50
$ 6.30 - $ 8.00 27,300 7.26 9.71 -- --
---------- -----------
$ .03 - $ 8.00 11,512,800 $ 2.06 8.64 4,273,453 $ .86
========== ===========
</TABLE>
We recorded deferred stock compensation of approximately $8,160,000 in 1998
and $2,713,000 in 1997. These amounts represented the difference between the
exercise price and the deemed fair value of our common stock on the date the
stock options were granted. We recorded amortization of deferred stock
compensation of approximately $3,376,000 in 1998 and $562,000 in 1997 based on a
graded vesting method. At December 31, 1998, we had a total of approximately
$6,935,000 remaining to be amortized on a graded vesting method over the
corresponding vesting period of each respective option, generally four years.
66
<PAGE> 67
Pro Forma Information
We have elected to follow APB No. 25 and related interpretations in
accounting for our employee stock options because, as discussed below, the
alternative fair value accounting provided for under SFAS No. 123 requires use
of option valuation models that were not developed for use in valuing employee
stock options. Under APB No. 25, no compensation expense is recognized when the
exercise price of stock options granted to our employees equals the market price
of the underlying stock on the date of grant.
Pro forma information regarding net loss is required by SFAS No. 123 and
has been determined as if employee stock options granted subsequent to December
31, 1994 were accounted for under the fair value method of SFAS No. 123. The
fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using the
minimum value method with the following weighted-average assumptions: risk-free
interest rate of approximately 4.9% in 1998, 6.0% in 1997 and 6.0% in 1996; a
weighted-average expected life of the option of 3.5 years in 1998, 4.2 years in
1997 and 4.3 years in 1996; and a dividend yield of zero for all years.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net loss (in thousands):
As reported ................................ $ (54,048) $ (28,005) $ (18,606)
============= ============== =============
Pro forma .................................. $ (55,414) $ (28,173) $ (18,695)
============= ============== =============
Basic and diluted net loss per common share:
As reported ................................ $ (1.54) $ (3.88) $ (2.83)
============= ============== =============
Pro forma .................................. $ (1.58) $ (3.90) $ (2.84)
============= ============== =============
</TABLE>
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In September 1998, the Board of Directors approved and in October 1998, the
stockholders also approved the adoption of Healtheon's 1998 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan, or the 1998 Purchase Plan. The 1998 Purchase Plan became
effective on the effective date of our initial public offering, February 10,
1999. A total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock has been reserved for issuance
under the 1998 Purchase Plan, plus annual increases equal to the lesser of
500,000 shares, 0.5% of the outstanding common shares or a lesser amount
determined by the Board of Directors.
67
<PAGE> 68
12. INCOME TAXES
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences
between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting
purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of
Healtheon's deferred tax assets (liabilities) were as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1998 1997
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards.......................................... $ 29,984 $ 14,263
Intangible assets......................................................... 5,491 3,688
Research and development tax credit....................................... 2,353 1,014
Other..................................................................... 2,775 308
--------- -----------
Total deferred tax assets................................................... 40,603 19,273
Valuation allowance......................................................... (40,530) (18,931)
--------- -----------
Net deferred tax assets..................................................... 73 342
--------- -----------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation.............................................................. (73) (45)
Capitalized software development costs.................................... -- (297)
--------- -----------
Total deferred tax liabilities.............................................. (73) (342)
--------- -----------
Net deferred tax assets and liabilities..................................... $ -- $ --
========= ===========
</TABLE>
A valuation allowance equal to 100% of the net deferred tax assets has been
established because of the uncertainty of realization of the deferred tax assets
due to our lack of earnings history. The valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets increased by $21,599,000 in 1998, $9,386,000 in 1997 and $6,580,000 in
1996.
At December 31, 1998, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal
income tax purposes of approximately $76,500,000, which expire in 2009 through
2018, and federal tax credits of approximately $1,800,000, which expire in 2009
through 2018.
Approximately $19,890,000 of the net operating loss carryforwards at
December 31, 1998 related to a consolidated subsidiary. This loss carryforward
is only available to offset future taxable income of that subsidiary.
Because of the "change of ownership" provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code, a portion of our net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit
carryforwards may be subject to an annual limitation regarding their utilization
against taxable income in future periods. A portion of these carryforwards may
expire before becoming available to reduce future income tax liabilities.
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Healtheon has two customers that are significant stockholders of Healtheon.
We entered into a Development Agreement with a partnership controlled by
the former Chairman of the Board of Directors of ActaMed. Under this agreement,
we granted the partnership exclusive licenses to use ActaMed's technology for
industries other than the healthcare industry. Under the agreement, we will
receive a commercial royalty on the partnership's gross receipts. If we desire
in the future to expand to other industries, the partnership must either develop
that industry in a defined time period or rights to that industry revert to
Healtheon. The agreement expired unexercised on December 3, 1998. No fees were
paid to Healtheon under this agreement.
We share office space and provide administrative support and network
resources to a company controlled by a member of the Board of Directors. Amounts
reimbursed for the shared facilities and administrative support totaled
approximately $80,000 in 1998, $46,000 in 1997 and $58,000 in 1996.
Approximately $124,000 in 1998, $78,000 in 1997 and $187,000 in 1996 was
reimbursed for the use of the network maintained by Healtheon. All of the
amounts reimbursed are included as an offset to general and administrative
expenses in the accompanying consolidated
68
<PAGE> 69
statements of operations. Amounts due from the related party of $40,000 at
December 31, 1998 and $72,000 at December 31, 1997 were included in other
current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
14. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Healtheon derives its revenue from a single operating segment, healthcare
transaction and information services delivered over the Internet, private
intranets or other networks and from development and consulting contracts
related to these services. In addition, we manage the information technology
operations of some of our customers.
Revenue derived from each of these services is as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------ ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Healthcare transactions and information services......... $ 33,777 $ 11,290 $ 11,013
Information technology operations management............. 15,061 2,100 --
------------ ------------- -------------
Total revenue............................................ $ 48,838 $ 13,390 $ 11,013
============ ============= =============
</TABLE>
Geographic Information
Healtheon operates solely within the United States and to date has derived
all of its revenue from within the United States. All of our assets are located
within the United States.
Major Customers
In 1998, four customers accounted for 25%, 22%, 21% and 19% of consolidated
revenue. In 1997, two customers accounted for 55% and 15% of consolidated
revenue. In 1996, two customers accounted for 46% and 38% of consolidated
revenue.
15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
From January 1, 1999 through February 10, 1999, the date of our initial
public offering, Healtheon granted to employees options to purchase common stock
and issued shares of common stock under restricted stock purchase agreements
equal to a total of 4,006,075 shares of common stock at exercise or purchase
prices ranging from $3.55 to $5.85 per share. We will record additional deferred
stock compensation of approximately $6,000,000 with regard to these grants.
In January 1999, Healtheon and SmithKline Labs entered into a services
agreement under which Healtheon will provide certain electronic laboratory
results delivery services to approximately 20,000 provider sites, in addition to
the sites currently served through the SCAN service. In addition, in January
1999, the two companies completed an asset purchase agreement under which
Healtheon purchased certain assets currently used by SmithKline Labs to provide
these laboratory results delivery services in exchange for $2,000,000 in cash
and 1,833,333 shares of Healtheon's common stock with a value of $11,000,000.
On February 10, 1999, Healtheon completed its initial public offering. We
sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock to the public and realized net proceeds of
approximately $41,900,000.
69
<PAGE> 70
EXHIBITS
As required under Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and
Reports on Form 8-K, the exhibits filed as part of this report are provided in
this separate section. The exhibits included in this section are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION
------- ---------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant
27.1 Financial Data Schedule
</TABLE>
70
<PAGE> 1
HEALTHEON CORPORATION
EXHIBIT 21.1
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF
SUBSIDIARY LEGAL NAME JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION OWNERSHIP
- --------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C>
ActaMed Corporation Georgia 100%
EDI Services, Inc. Nevada 100%
Metis Acquisition Corp. Delaware 100%
</TABLE>
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AT DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT
OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS
ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<CURRENCY> U.S. DOLLARS
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1998
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1998
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1998
<EXCHANGE-RATE> 1
<CASH> 19,389
<SECURITIES> 17,428
<RECEIVABLES> 4,746
<ALLOWANCES> 152
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 45,477
<PP&E> 22,026
<DEPRECIATION> 9,741
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 79,940
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 17,543
<BONDS> 0
0
46,101
<COMMON> 5
<OTHER-SE> 13,428
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 79,940
<SALES> 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 48,838
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 47,194
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 55,489
<LOSS-PROVISION> 103
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 472
<INCOME-PRETAX> (54,048)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (54,048)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (54,048)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (1.54)
<EPS-DILUTED> (1.54)
</TABLE>
