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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 1999
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____ to _____
Commission File Number 0-28018
YAHOO! INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California 77-0398689
- -------------------------------- ------------------------------------
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
3420 Central Expressway
Santa Clara, California 95051
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(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (408) 731-3300
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required
to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days: Yes[X] No[ ]
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of
common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class Outstanding at April 30, 1999
- -------------------------------- -----------------------------
Common Stock, $0.00017 par value 204,372,850
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YAHOO! INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
PAGE NO.
<S> <C>
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
at March 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
for the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998 4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
for the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998 5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 6
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations 10
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 39
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 41
Item 2. Changes in Securities 41
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 41
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 41
Item 5. Other Information 42
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 42
Signatures 43
</TABLE>
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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YAHOO! INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
March 31, December 31,
1999 1998
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(unaudited) (audited)
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 184,463 $ 125,474
Short-term investments in marketable securities 251,858 308,025
Accounts receivable, net 26,876 24,831
Prepaid expenses 9,124 8,909
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Total current assets 472,321 467,239
Long-term investments in marketable debt securities 88,030 48,927
Long-term investments in marketable equity securities 130,493 41,339
Property and equipment, net 19,925 15,189
Other assets 80,910 49,190
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Total assets $ 791,679 $ 621,884
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 7,335 $ 6,302
Note payable 9,000 -
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 38,077 34,419
Deferred revenue 45,498 38,301
Due to related parties 2,184 961
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Total current liabilities 102,094 79,983
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Deferred tax liability 4,443 4,443
Minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries 1,573 1,248
Shareholders' equity:
Common Stock 24 23
Additional paid-in capital 598,233 522,997
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 7,993 (8,442)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 77,319 21,632
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Total shareholders' equity 683,569 536,210
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Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 791,679 $ 621,884
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</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated
financial statements.
3
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YAHOO! INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended
------------------------------
March 31, March 31,
1999 1998
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<S> <C> <C>
Net revenues $ 86,064 $ 30,596
Cost of revenues 9,697 4,294
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Gross profit 76,367 26,302
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Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing 32,299 16,653
Product development 8,964 4,764
General and administrative 3,456 2,227
Amortization of intangibles 1,220 -
Other - nonrecurring costs 9,775 -
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Total operating expenses 55,714 23,644
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Income from operations 20,653 2,658
Investment income, net 6,615 1,440
Minority interests in operations
of consolidated subsidiaries (325) 243
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Income before income taxes 26,943 4,341
Provision for income taxes 10,508 1,071
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Net income $ 16,435 $ 3,270
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--------- ------------
Net income per share - basic $0.08 $0.02
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--------- ------------
Net income per share - diluted $0.07 $0.02
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--------- ------------
Shares used in per share calculation - basic 201,531 172,578
--------- ------------
--------- ------------
Shares used in per share calculation - diluted 237,111 213,866
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</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated
financial statements.
4
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YAHOO! INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended
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March 31, March 31,
1999 1998
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<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 16,435 $ 3,270
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 4,782 922
Tax benefits from stock options 10,467 -
Non-cash charges related to stock option grants and warrant issuances 190 157
Minority interests in operations of consolidated subsidiaries 325 (243)
Purchased in-process research and development 9,775 -
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net (2,045) (1,995)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (491) 1,839
Accounts payable (479) (435)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 3,458 5,370
Deferred revenue 7,197 5,358
Due to related parties 1,223 (383)
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Net cash provided by operating activities 50,837 13,860
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CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Acquisition of property and equipment (6,762) (1,740)
Purchases of marketable securities (165,015) (42,226)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities 181,382 7,133
Other investments (15,867) -
Acquisition of Yahoo! Canada (9,200) -
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Net cash used in investing activities (15,462) (36,833)
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CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock, net 23,655 4,467
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Net cash provided by financing activities 23,655 4,467
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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (41) 65
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Net change in cash and cash equivalents 58,989 (18,441)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 125,474 63,571
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $184,463 $45,130
---------- ----------
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</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated
financial statements.
5
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YAHOO! INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE 1 - THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Yahoo! Inc. ("Yahoo!" or the "Company") is a global Internet media company
that offers a branded network of comprehensive information, communication, and
shopping services to millions of users daily. The Company was incorporated in
California on March 5, 1995 and commenced operations on that date. The Company
conducts its business within one industry segment.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a
fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods shown. The
results of operations for such periods are not necessarily indicative of the
results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future period.
These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended on April 29, 1999, for the year ended
December 31, 1998. Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to
conform to current period presentation. The condensed consolidated financial
statements for the period ended March 31, 1998 have been restated to reflect the
October 1998 acquisition of Yoyodyne Entertainment, Inc. ("Yoyodyne"), which was
accounted for as a pooling of interests.
NOTE 2 - RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS 133 establishes methods of accounting
for derivative financial instruments and hedging activities related to those
instruments as well as other hedging activities, and is effective for fiscal
years beginning after June 15, 1999. The Company is currently determining the
additional disclosures, if any, that may be required under this pronouncement.
NOTE 3 - STOCK SPLIT
During January 1999, the Company's Board of Directors approved a
two-for-one Common Stock split. Shareholders of record on January 22, 1999 (the
record date) received one additional share for every share held on that date.
The shares were distributed on February 5, 1999 and the stock split was
effective on February 8, 1999. All share numbers in these condensed
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for all periods presented
have been adjusted to reflect the two-for-one common stock split.
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NOTE 4 - OTHER ASSETS (IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Mar. 31, 1999 Dec. 31, 1998
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<S> <S> <S>
Intangible assets $56,344 $40,731
Investments in privately-held companies 15,445 5,445
Investment in Yahoo! Japan and other 9,121 3,014
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$80,910 $49,190
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</TABLE>
NOTE 5 - BASIC AND DILUTED NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is
computed using the weighted average number of common and common equivalent
shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares consist of the
incremental common shares issuable upon conversion of the convertible preferred
stock (using the if-converted method) and shares issuable upon the exercise of
stock options and warrants (using the treasury stock method). For the three
month periods ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, common share equivalents
approximated 35.6 and 41.3 million shares, respectively, and were primarily
related to shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options.
NOTE 6 - COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The components of comprehensive income, net of tax, are as follows (in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended
March 31,
1999 1998
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<S> <C> <C>
Net income $16,435 $3,270
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities 55,728 -
Foreign currency translation gains (losses) (41) 65
------- ------
Comprehensive income $72,122 $3,335
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</TABLE>
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities for the three months ended
March 31, 1999 consist primarily of a net gain of $32.2 million from an
investment in GeoCities common stock and a net gain of $24.1 million from an
investment in broadcast.com common stock.
Accumulated other comprehensive income consists of the unrealized gains on
available-for-sale securities, net of tax and the cumulative translation
adjustment, as presented on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance
sheets.
NOTE 7 - ACQUISITIONS
On January 15, 1999, the Company completed the acquisition of
Log-Me-On.Com LLC ("Log-Me-On"), a development stage entity, through the
issuance of 50,000 shares of Yahoo!
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Common Stock and $1.5 million in cash for a total purchase price of
approximately $9.9 million, including acquisition costs. Additional
consideration of $1 million is payable contingent on the continued employment of
certain employees for one year from the acquisition date. Such amount is being
amortized as compensation expense over the one-year period. The acquisition was
accounted for as a purchase in accordance with the provisions of Accounting
Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No. 16. Under the purchase method of
accounting, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and
liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of
acquisition. Results of operations for Log-Me-On for periods prior to the
acquisition were not material to the Company. Results of operations for
Log-Me-On have been included with those of the Company for periods subsequent to
the acquisition date.
Log-Me-On, founded in 1998, was a development stage entity with limited
operations, no revenues, and four developers. As of the acquisition date, the
Company's efforts were focused solely on developing a browser technology that
was approximately 30% complete and there was no other technology developed or in
process at such date. Approximately $9.8 million was allocated to in-process
research and development. This in-process research and development had not
reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use. Additional
development subsequent to the acquisition date principally relates to
development of browser and toolbar technology that would allow users into Yahoo!
sites without typing URLs or retrieving bookmarks, creation of the user
interface, development of customization screens and procedures, and
establishment of data links. The Company expects the development of this
technology to be completed in the third quarter of 2000. Future research and
development costs are not expected to be material to Yahoo!'s financial position
or results of operations. In addition, if this technology is not successfully
developed, Yahoo!'s revenues and profitability would not be materially adversely
affected. The remaining purchase price of approximately $100,000 was allocated
to the work force in place and is being amortized over the employment contract
period. Tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were not material to
the Company's financial statements.
In February 1996, the Company and Rogers Media Inc. ("Rogers") signed
the Yahoo! Canada Affiliation Agreement whereby Yahoo! licensed certain
intellectual property and development rights to Rogers, which Rogers utilized
to operate Yahoo! Canada. On March 1, 1999, this agreement was terminated,
as were all licenses and other rights and obligations granted under the
agreement. As part of this agreement, Yahoo! acquired the Yahoo! Canada
business including the URL, www.yahoo.ca.com, and existing advertising
relationships from Rogers. Total consideration was $9 million in cash and
the issuance of a note payable for $9 million due in April 1999. The
acquisition was recorded using the purchase method of accounting. The
Company recorded an intangible asset of approximately $18 million which is
being amortized over 10 years. The results of operations of Yahoo! Canada
are included in the statement of operations of Yahoo! beginning March 1,
1999. Results of operations for the current period and the year ago period
would not have been materially different had the companies combined at the
beginning of the respective periods.
On January 28, 1999, the Company announced the signing of a definitive
agreement to acquire GeoCities, a publicly traded Internet company. Under the
terms of the acquisition, which will be accounted for as a pooling of interests,
the Company will
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exchange approximately 21,545,000 shares of Yahoo! Common Stock for
approximately 31,834,000 shares of GeoCities common stock. Additionally, the
Company will convert approximately 8,603,000 GeoCities stock options into
approximately 5,822,000 Yahoo! stock options. The acquisition is expected to be
completed in the second quarter of 1999 and is subject to certain conditions and
approval by GeoCities shareholders. The Company expects to record a one-time
charge of approximately $66 million in the second quarter of 1999 relating to
expenses incurred in connection with this transaction. At March 31, 1999, the
fair value of Yahoo!'s investment in GeoCities was $73.8 million which is
included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet under long-term investments
in marketable equity securities.
GeoCities' operating results for the quarters ended March 31, 1999 and 1998
included revenues of approximately $7.8 million and $2.2 million, respectively,
and net losses of approximately $10.0 million and $2.9 million, respectively.
NOTE 8 - INVESTMENT IN YAHOO! JAPAN
During March 1999, Yahoo! Japan Corporation ("Yahoo! Japan") completed a
secondary public offering. The Company invested an additional $5.9 million in
Yahoo! Japan common stock in order to maintain its 34% ownership. At March 31,
1999, the carrying value of the investment was $9.0 million and is recorded in
other assets. The fair value of the Company's investment, based on the quoted
trading price, was approximately $491 million at March 31, 1999.
NOTE 9 - SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On April 1, 1999, the Company announced the signing of a definitive
agreement to acquire broadcast.com inc. ("broadcast.com"), a publicly traded
Internet company and a leading aggregator and broadcaster of streaming media
programming on the Web. Under the terms of the acquisition, which will be
accounted for as a pooling of interests, the Company will exchange approximately
28,334,000 shares of Yahoo! Common Stock for approximately 36,692,000 shares of
broadcast.com common stock. Additionally, the Company will convert
approximately 7,131,000 broadcast.com stock options into approximately 5,507,000
Yahoo! stock options. The acquisition is expected to be completed in the third
quarter of 1999 and is subject to certain conditions, regulatory approval, and
approval by broadcast.com shareholders. The Company expects to record a
one-time charge in the third quarter of 1999 relating to expenses incurred with
this transaction. At March 31, 1999, the fair value of Yahoo!'s investment in
broadcast.com was $55.0 million which is included in the condensed consolidated
balance sheet under long-term investments in marketable equity securities.
Broadcast.com's operating results for the quarters ended March 31, 1999 and
1998 included revenues of approximately $10.3 million and $4.5 million,
respectively, and net losses of approximately $3.8 million and $2.6 million,
respectively.
9
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
THIS REPORT CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF
SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, STATEMENTS REGARDING THE
COMPANY'S EXPECTATIONS, BELIEFS, INTENTIONS OR FUTURE STRATEGIES THAT ARE
SIGNIFIED BY THE WORDS "EXPECTS", "ANTICIPATES", "INTENDS", "BELIEVES", OR
SIMILAR LANGUAGE. ALL FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS INCLUDED IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE
BASED ON INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO THE COMPANY ON THE DATE HEREOF, AND THE
COMPANY ASSUMES NO OBLIGATION TO UPDATE ANY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.
ACTUAL RESULTS COULD DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE PROJECTED IN THE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. IN EVALUATING THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS, PROSPECTIVE
INVESTORS SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE INFORMATION SET FORTH BELOW UNDER THE
CAPTION "RISK FACTORS" AND SPECIFICALLY "RISKS RELATED TO THE PENDING GEOCITIES
AND BROADCAST.COM MERGERS" IN ADDITION TO THE OTHER INFORMATION SET FORTH
HEREIN. THE COMPANY CAUTIONS INVESTORS THAT ITS BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL
PERFORMANCE ARE SUBJECT TO SUBSTANTIAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES.
OVERVIEW
Yahoo! Inc. is a global Internet media company that offers a branded
network of comprehensive information, communication, and shopping services to
millions of users daily. As the first online navigational guide to the World
Wide Web (the "Web"), www.yahoo.com is a leading guide in terms of traffic,
advertising, household and business user reach, and is one of the most
recognized brands associated with the Internet. The Company was incorporated in
California on March 5, 1995 and commenced operations on that date. In August
1995, the Company commenced selling advertisements on its Web pages and
recognized its initial revenues. In April 1996, the Company completed its
initial public offering.
On January 15, 1999, the Company completed the acquisition of Log-Me-On, a
development stage entity, through the issuance of 50,000 shares of Yahoo! Common
Stock and $1.5 million in cash for a total purchase price of approximately $9.9
million, including acquisition costs. Additional consideration of $1 million is
payable contingent on the continued employment of certain employees for one year
from the acquisition date. Such amount is being amortized as compensation
expense over the one-year period. The acquisition was accounted for as a
purchase in accordance with the provisions of APB No. 16. Under the purchase
method of accounting, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired
and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of
acquisition. Results of operations for Log-Me-On for periods prior to the
acquisition were not material to the Company. Results of operations for
Log-Me-On have been included with those of the Company for periods subsequent to
the acquisition date.
Log-Me-On, founded in 1998, was a development stage entity with limited
operations, no revenues, and four developers. As of the acquisition date, the
Company's efforts were focused solely on developing a browser technology that
was approximately 30% complete and there was no other technology developed or in
process at such date. Approximately $9.8 million was allocated to in-process
research and development. This in-process research and development had not
reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use. Additional
development subsequent to the acquisition date principally relates to
development of browser and toolbar technology that would allow
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users into Yahoo! sites without typing URLs or retrieving bookmarks, creation of
the user interface, development of customization screens and procedures, and
establishment of data links. The Company expects the development of this
technology to be completed in the third quarter of 2000. Future research and
development costs are not expected to be material to Yahoo!'s financial position
or results of operations. In addition, if this technology is not successfully
developed, Yahoo!'s revenues and profitability would not be materially adversely
affected. The remaining purchase price of approximately $100,000 was allocated
to the work force in place and is being amortized over the employment contract
period. Tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were not material to
the Company's financial statements.
On January 28, 1999, the Company announced the signing of a definitive
agreement to acquire GeoCities, a publicly traded Internet company. Under the
terms of the acquisition, which will be accounted for as a pooling of interests,
the Company will exchange approximately 21,545,000 shares of Yahoo! Common Stock
for approximately 31,834,000 shares of GeoCities common stock. Additionally,
the Company will convert approximately 8,603,000 GeoCities stock options into
approximately 5,822,000 Yahoo! stock options. The acquisition is expected to be
completed in the second quarter of 1999 and is subject to certain conditions and
approval by GeoCities shareholders. The Company expects to record a one-time
charge of approximately $66 million in the second quarter of 1999 relating to
expenses incurred in connection with this transaction. At March 31, 1999, the
fair value of Yahoo!'s investment in GeoCities was $73.8 million which is
included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet under long-term investments
in marketable equity securities.
In February 1996, the Company and Rogers signed the Yahoo! Canada
Affiliation Agreement whereby Yahoo! licensed certain intellectual property
and development rights to Rogers, which Rogers utilized to operate Yahoo!
Canada. On March 1, 1999, this agreement was terminated, as were all licenses
and other rights and obligations granted under the agreement. As part of
this agreement, Yahoo! acquired the Yahoo! Canada business including the URL,
www.yahoo.ca.com, and existing advertising relationships from Rogers. Total
consideration was $9 million in cash and the issuance of a note payable for
$9 million due in April 1999. The acquisition was recorded using the
purchase method of accounting. The Company recorded an intangible asset of
approximately $18 million which is being amortized over 10 years. The
results of operations of Yahoo! Canada are included in the statement of
operations of Yahoo! beginning March 1, 1999. Results of operations for the
current period and the year ago period would not have been materially
different had the companies combined at the beginning of the respective
periods.
On April 1, 1999, the Company announced the signing of a definitive
agreement to acquire broadcast.com, a publicly traded Internet company and a
leading aggregator and broadcaster of streaming media programming on the Web.
Under the terms of the acquisition, which will be accounted for as a pooling of
interests, the Company will exchange approximately 28,334,000 shares of Yahoo!
Common Stock for approximately 36,692,000 shares of broadcast.com common stock.
Additionally, the Company will convert approximately 7,131,000 broadcast.com
stock options into approximately 5,507,000 Yahoo! stock options. The
acquisition is expected to be completed in the third
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quarter of 1999 and is subject to certain conditions, regulatory approval, and
approval by broadcast.com shareholders. The Company expects to record a
one-time charge in the third quarter of 1999 relating to expenses incurred with
this transaction. At March 31, 1999, the fair value of Yahoo!'s investment in
broadcast.com was $55.0 million which is included in the condensed consolidated
balance sheet under long-term investments in marketable equity securities.
The results of operations for GeoCities and broadcast.com are not included
in the Yahoo! results of operations as the acquisitions have not yet been
consummated.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
NET REVENUES
Net revenues were $86.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 1999, a
181% increase from $30.6 million during the first quarter in 1998. The increase
was due primarily to the increasing number of advertisers purchasing space on
the Company's online media properties as well as larger and longer-term
purchases by certain advertisers. Approximately 2,125 customers advertised on
the Company's online media properties during the quarter ended March 31, 1999 as
compared to approximately 1,600 during the first quarter of 1998. No one
customer accounted for 10% or more of net revenues during the quarters ended
March 31, 1999 and 1998. Advertising purchases by SOFTBANK and its related
companies, a 28% shareholder of the Company at March 31, 1999, accounted for
approximately 8% and 1% of net revenues during the quarters ended March 31, 1999
and 1998, respectively. Contracted prices on these orders are comparable to
those given to other similarly situated customers of the Company. International
revenues have accounted for less than 10% of net revenues during the quarters
ended March 31, 1999 and 1998. Barter revenues also represented less than 10%
of net revenues during those periods. There can be no assurance that customers
will continue to purchase advertising on the Company's Web pages, that
advertisers will not make smaller and shorter-term purchases, or that market
prices for Web-based advertising will not decrease due to competitive or other
factors. Additionally, while the Company has experienced strong revenue growth
during the last three years, management does not believe that this level of
revenue growth will be sustained in future periods.
COST OF REVENUES
Cost of revenues consists of the expenses associated with the production
and usage of Yahoo! and the Company's other online media properties. These
costs primarily consist of fees paid to third parties for content included on
the Company's online media properties, Internet connection charges, amortization
of purchased technology, equipment depreciation, and compensation. Cost of
revenues were $9.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 1999, or 11% of net
revenues, as compared to $4.3 million, or 14% of net revenues for the quarter
ended March 31, 1998. The absolute dollar increase in cost of revenues from
quarter to quarter is primarily attributable to an increase in the quantity of
content available on the Company's online media properties, the increased usage
of these properties, and the amortization of purchased technology. The Company
anticipates that its content and Internet connection expenses will increase with
the quantity and quality of
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content available on Yahoo! online media properties, and increased usage of
these properties. As measured in page views (defined as electronic page
displays), the Company delivered an average of approximately 235 million page
views per day in March 1999 compared with an average of approximately 95 million
page views per day in March 1998. Yahoo! Japan, an unconsolidated joint venture
of the Company which began operations in April 1996, is included in these page
views figures and accounted for an average of more than 17 million per day in
March 1999 and an average of approximately 6 million per day in March 1998. The
Company anticipates that its content and Internet connection expenses will
continue to increase in absolute dollars for the foreseeable future.
SALES AND MARKETING
Sales and marketing expenses were $32.3 million, or 38% of net revenues for
the quarter ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $16.7 million, or 54% of net
revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 1998. Sales and marketing expenses
consist primarily of advertising and other marketing related expenses (which
include distribution costs), compensation and employee-related expenses, sales
commissions, and travel costs. The increase in absolute dollars is primarily
attributable to an increase in advertising and distribution costs associated
with the Company's aggressive brand-building strategy, increases in compensation
expense associated with growth in its direct sales force and marketing
personnel, expansion in the international subsidiaries with the addition of
subsidiaries in Italy, Hong Kong, Singapore, Spain, and Taiwan as well as Yahoo!
guides in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese languages subsequent to March 1998, and
an increase in sales commissions associated with the increase in revenues. The
Company anticipates that sales and marketing expenses in absolute dollars will
increase in future periods as it continues to pursue an aggressive
brand-building strategy through advertising and distribution, continues to
expand its international operations, and continues to build its global direct
sales organization.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Product development expenses were $9.0 million, or 10% of net revenues for
the quarter ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $4.8, or 16% of net revenues for
the quarter ended March 31, 1998. Product development expenses consist
primarily of employee compensation relating to developing and enhancing the
features and functionality of Yahoo! online media properties. The increase in
absolute dollars is primarily attributable to increases in the number of
engineers that develop and enhance Yahoo! online media properties. The Company
believes that significant investments in product development are required to
remain competitive. Consequently, the Company expects to incur increased
product development expenditures in absolute dollars in future periods.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
General and administrative expenses were $3.5 million, or 4% of net
revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $2.2 million, or 7%
of net revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 1998. General and
administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and fees for
professional services, and the increase in absolute dollars is primarily
attributable to increases in these areas. The Company believes that the
absolute
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dollar level of general and administrative expenses will increase in future
periods, as a result of an increase in personnel and increased fees for
professional services.
AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLES
As part of the June 1998 Viaweb Inc. ("Viaweb") acquisition and December
1998 HyperParallel, Inc. ("HyperParallel") acquisition, the Company has recorded
intangible assets related to goodwill of $24.3 million and $4.6 million,
respectively, which are being amortized over seven years. Additionally, as part
of the January 1999 Yahoo! Canada acquisition, the Company has recorded $18.2
million in intangible assets, principally related to goodwill, which are being
amortized over ten years.
OTHER - NON-RECURRING COSTS
During January 1999, the Company completed the acquisition of Log-Me-On
through the issuance of 50,000 shares of Yahoo! Common Stock and $1.5 million in
cash. During the quarter ended March 31, 1999, the Company recorded a
non-recurring charge of $9.8 million for in-process research and development
that had not yet reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future
use.
INVESTMENT INCOME, NET
Investment income, net of expense, was $6.6 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1999. For the quarter ended March 31, 1998, investment income was
$1.4 million. The increase is primarily attributable to a higher average
investment balance, principally due to proceeds of $250 million received by the
Company on July 14, 1998 from a private placement of shares to SOFTBANK and cash
provided by operations. Investment income in future periods may fluctuate as a
result of fluctuations in average cash balances maintained by the Company and
changes in the market rates of its investments.
MINORITY INTERESTS IN OPERATIONS OF CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
Minority interests in operations of consolidated subsidiaries were
($325,000) for the quarter ended March 31, 1999 compared to $243,000 for the
year ago quarter. The decrease is attributable to the profitable results
recorded in the European and Korean joint ventures in the aggregate during the
quarter ended March 31, 1999 as compared to losses in the year ago quarter. The
Company expects that minority interests in operations of consolidated
subsidiaries in the aggregate will continue to fluctuate in future periods as a
function of the results from consolidated subsidiaries. If the consolidated
subsidiaries remain profitable, the minority interests adjustment on the
statement of operations will continue to reduce the Company's net income by the
minority partners' share of the subsidiaries' net income.
INCOME TAXES
The Company's effective income tax rate increased to 39% for the first
quarter of 1999 as compared to 25% in the year ago period due principally to the
release of a portion of the valuation allowance in 1998. This rate may change
during the remainder of 1999 if
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operating results or acquisition-related costs differ significantly from the
current projections.
NET INCOME
The Company recorded net income of $16.4 million or $0.07 per share diluted
for the quarter ended March 31,1999 compared to net income of $3.3 million or
$0.02 per share diluted for the quarter ended March 31, 1998. The results for
the quarter ended March 31, 1999 include a non-recurring charge of $9.8 million
incurred in connection with a January 1999 acquisition and the amortization of
$2.6 million from the purchased technology and intangible assets acquired in
various purchase transactions.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Yahoo! invests excess cash predominantly in debt instruments that are
highly liquid, of high-quality investment grade, and predominantly have
maturities of less than one year with the intent to make such funds readily
available for operating purposes. At March 31, 1999, the Company had cash and
cash equivalents and investments in marketable debt securities totaling $524.4
million compared to $482.4 million at December 31, 1998.
For the three months ended March 31, 1999, cash provided by operating
activities of $50.8 million was primarily due to earnings before a non-recurring
charge of $9.8 million and depreciation and amortization of $4.8 million, tax
benefits from stock option plans of $10.5 million, and increases in deferred
revenue of $7.2 million and accrued liabilities of $3.5 million. The increase
in deferred revenue relates principally to overall significant growth in revenue
and increases in advanced payments on several new and relatively longer
sponsorship agreements. For the three months ended March 31, 1998, cash
provided by operating activities of $13.9 million was primarily due to increases
in accrued liabilities, deferred revenue, and net income.
Cash used in investing activities was $15.5 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1999. Sales and maturities (net of purchases) of investments in
marketable securities and other assets during the period were offsetting while
cash of $9.2 million was paid as part of the acquisition of Yahoo! Canada and
capital expenditures totaled $6.8 million. Capital expenditures have generally
been comprised of purchases of computer hardware and software as well as
leasehold improvements related to leased facilities, and are expected to
increase in future periods. Cash used by investing activities was $36.8 million
for the quarter ended March 31, 1998. Purchases (net of sales and maturities)
of investments in marketable securities during the period were $35.1 million and
capital expenditures totaled $1.7 million.
For the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, cash provided by
financing activities from the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise
of stock options was $23.7 million and $4.5 million, respectively.
The Company currently has no material commitments other than those under
operating lease agreements and fees associated with the proposed acquisitions of
GeoCities
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and broadcast.com. The Company has experienced a substantial increase in its
capital expenditures and operating lease arrangements since its inception, which
is consistent with increased staffing, and anticipates that this will continue
in the future. Additionally, the Company will continue to evaluate possible
acquisitions of, or investments in businesses, products, and technologies that
are complementary to those of the Company, which may require the use of cash.
Management believes existing cash and investments will be sufficient to meet the
Company's operating requirements for at least the next twelve months; however,
the Company may sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain credit
facilities to further enhance its liquidity position. The sale of additional
securities could result in additional dilution to the Company's shareholders.
YEAR 2000 IMPLICATIONS
Many currently installed computer systems and software products are coded
to accept only two-digit entries in the date code field and cannot distinguish
twenty-first century dates from twentieth century dates. To function properly,
these date-code fields must distinguish twenty-first century dates from
twentieth century dates and, as a result, many companies' software and computer
systems may need to be upgraded or replaced in order to comply with such "Year
2000" requirements.
Yahoo! is dependent on the operation of numerous systems that may be
adversely affected by the Year 2000 problem, including Yahoo!'s internal
systems, and equipment, software and content supplied to Yahoo! by third-party
vendors that may not be Year 2000 compliant, including outside providers of
Web-hosting services on which Yahoo! is currently dependent. In addition,
Yahoo!'s future business depends on the successful operation of the Internet
following the commencement of the Year 2000. If the Internet is inaccessible
for an appreciable period of time, or if Yahoo!'s customers and users are unable
to access Yahoo!'s site, Yahoo!'s business and revenues could be materially
adversely affected. Yahoo! is also subject to external forces that might
generally affect industry and commerce, such as telecommunications, utility or
transportation company Year 2000 compliance failures, related service
interruptions and the economic impact that such failures have on Yahoo!'s
customers and advertisers.
YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT PLANS. Yahoo! has undertaken a two-phase
process of analyzing the impact of the Year 2000 problem. First, Yahoo! has
completed an informal assessment of its primary internal systems and, based on
such assessment and its knowledge of the specific software and systems, Yahoo!
currently believes that its systems are Year 2000 compliant in all material
respects or can readily be brought into compliance with the application of
corrective software modifications. In many cases, Yahoo! expects these
modifications to be provided by the vendors of the computer and software
products Yahoo! has installed. Yahoo! has not incurred material costs to date
in this informal phase of the assessment process, and currently does not believe
that the cost of additional actions will have a material effect on its results
of operations or financial condition.
Second, Yahoo! is in the process of performing a formal assessment of both
its internal systems and the vendor-supplied items and services it employs to
determine how the Year 2000 problem will affect all aspects of Yahoo!'s
operations. Yahoo! expects to complete this
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second phase of its assessment by mid-spring of 1999. The formal process
involves assessment of the following Yahoo! systems:
- hardware systems, including servers and systems used for data
storage;
- software systems, including applications, development tools
and proprietary code;
- infrastructure systems, including routers, hubs and networks;
- facility systems, including general building functions, security, HVAC
and related operations; and
- the systems of our business partners, including content providers and
ISPs.
Yahoo! is conducting its formal assessment of Year 2000 readiness by
gathering information on each aspect of Yahoo!'s systems, reviewing each
component or application for date usage, and examining date representations.
With respect to vendor-supplied items and services, Yahoo! is conducting an
extensive review of product compliance information on such items and services
available online, in vendor literature and through trade group information
resources, contacting its vendors for compliance information, and maintaining
documentation of assessments that have been performed by such vendors or outside
sources.
Each department of Yahoo! is involved in this formal assessment process.
Once complete, the formal assessment will lead to the creation of a formal
remediation and contingency plan for achieving Year 2000 readiness. Yahoo! does
not anticipate, however, undertaking a formal assessment of the Year 2000
readiness of the Internet or its underlying telecommunications infrastructure,
and will therefore be unable to predict the impact of Year 2000 issues that
might affect the broader Internet business community, including Yahoo!.
RESULTS OF COMPLIANCE EFFORTS TO DATE. Based on the completed informal
assessment and the Company's progress on the formal assessment, Yahoo! currently
believes that its internal systems are, or can readily be made, Year 2000
compliant in all material respects. However, it is possible that these current
internal systems contain undetected errors or defects with Year 2000 date
functions. In addition, although Yahoo! does not anticipate problems,
vendor-supplied items and services could contain undetected errors or defects
which, if not corrected, could result in serious unanticipated negative
consequences, including significant downtime for one or more Yahoo! media
properties.
COSTS OF YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE COULD BE SIGNIFICANT. Although Yahoo! is not
aware of any material operational issues or costs associated with preparing its
internal systems for the Year 2000, and although Yahoo! has not incurred
material costs to date with respect to the Year 2000 readiness of these internal
systems, the occurrence of any of the following events could materially and
adversely affect Yahoo!'s business, results of operations and financial
condition:
- errors and defects are detected after the formal assessment process is
complete;
- third-party equipment, software or content fails to operate properly
with regard to the year 2000;
- Web advertisers expend significant resources to correct their current
systems for Year 2000 compliance, resulting in reduced funds available
for Web advertising or sponsorship of Web services; or
- material costs arise in connection with preparing GeoCities' or
broadcast.com's internal systems for the Year 2000 problem.
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RISK FACTORS
WE HAVE A LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY AND MAY NOT BE ABLE TO IMPLEMENT OUR GROWTH
STRATEGY.
Yahoo! was incorporated in March 1995 and did not begin generating
advertising revenues until August 1995. Therefore, we have a limited
operating history, and our prospects are subject to the risks, expenses and
uncertainties frequently encountered by young companies that operate
exclusively in the new and rapidly evolving markets for Internet products and
services. Successfully achieving our growth plan depends on, among other
things, our ability to:
- continue to develop and extend the Yahoo! brand;
- develop new media properties;
- maintain and increase the levels of traffic on Yahoo! properties;
- develop or acquire competitive services or products;
- effectively generate revenues through sponsored services and
placements;
- effectively integrate businesses or technologies;
- successfully develop personalized Web-based services, such as e-mail
services; and
- continue to identify, attract, retain and motivate qualified
personnel.
Furthermore, Yahoo!'s growth depends on factors outside of our control,
including:
- adoption by the market of the Web, and more specifically, Yahoo! as an
effective advertising medium; and
- relative price stability for Web-based advertising, despite
competition and other factors that could reduce market prices for
advertising.
We may not be successful in implementing our growth plan.
WE ANTICIPATE INCREASED OPERATING EXPENSES AND MAY EXPERIENCE LOSSES.
Because of our limited operating history and the uncertain nature of the
rapidly changing market we serve, the prediction of future results of operations
is difficult or impossible. In addition, period-to-period comparisons of
operating results are not likely to be meaningful. You should not rely on the
results for any period as an indication of future performance. In particular,
although we experienced strong revenue growth during 1998 and the first quarter
of 1999, we do not believe that this level of revenue growth will be sustained
in future periods. We currently expect that our operating expenses will continue
to increase significantly as we expand our sales and marketing operations,
continue to develop and extend the Yahoo! brand, fund greater levels of product
development, develop and commercialize additional media properties, and acquire
complementary businesses and technologies. As a result, we may experience
significant losses on a quarterly and annual basis.
OUR QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS WILL FLUCTUATE BECAUSE OF A NUMBER OF FACTORS,
INCLUDING THE RELIANCE ON SHORT-TERM ADVERTISING CONTRACTS.
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly in the future as a result
of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. These factors
include:
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- the level of usage of the Internet;
- demand for Internet advertising;
- the addition or loss of advertisers;
- the level of user traffic on Yahoo! online properties;
- the mix of types of advertising we sell (targeted advertising
generally has higher rates);
- the amount and timing of capital expenditures and other costs relating
to the expansion of our operations;
- the introduction of new products or services by us or our competitors;
- pricing changes for Internet-based advertising;
- the timing of initial set-up, engineering or development fees that may
be paid in connection with larger advertising and distribution
arrangements;
- technical difficulties with respect to the use of Yahoo! online
properties;
- costs incurred with respect to acquisitions; and
- negative general economic conditions and their resulting effects on
media spending.
We may from time to time make certain pricing, service or marketing
decisions that may adversely affect our profitability in a given quarterly or
annual period.
We derive the majority of our revenues from the sale of advertisements
under short-term contracts, which are difficult to forecast accurately. Our
expense levels are based in part on expectations of future revenue and, to a
large extent, are fixed. We may be unable to adjust spending quickly enough to
compensate for any unexpected revenue shortfall. Accordingly, the cancellation
or deferral of advertising or sponsorship contracts could have a material
adverse effect on our financial results. Our operating expenses are likely to
increase significantly over the near term and, to the extent that our expenses
increase but our revenues do not, our business, operating results, and financial
condition may be materially and adversely affected.
Our advertising revenue is also subject to seasonal fluctuations.
Historically, advertisers spend less in the first and third calendar quarters
and user traffic on our online media properties has historically been lower
during the summer and during year-end vacation and holiday periods.
THE RATE STRUCTURE OF SOME OF OUR ADVERTISING CONTRACTS CREATES EXPOSURE TO
POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT FINANCIAL RISKS.
A key element of our strategy is to generate advertising revenues through
sponsored services and placements by third parties in our online media
properties in addition to banner advertising. We typically receive sponsorship
fees as well as a portion of transaction revenues received by the sponsor from
users originated through the Yahoo! placement in return for minimum levels of
user impressions to be provided by us. These arrangements expose us to
potentially significant financial risks, including the following:
- if we fail to deliver required minimum levels of user impressions or
"click throughs," our fee may be adjusted downwards;
- the sponsors may not renew the agreements or renew at lower rates; and
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- the arrangements may not generate anticipated levels of shared
transaction revenue, or sponsors may default on the payment
commitments in such agreements as has occurred in the past.
As a result of these financial risks, we may not achieve significant
revenue from these sponsorship arrangements. In addition, because of the limited
experience with these arrangements, we are unable to determine what effect these
arrangements will have on gross margins and results of operations.
Transaction-based fees have not to date represented a material portion of our
net revenues. If and to the extent such revenues become a significant portion of
our results, there could be greater variations in our quarterly operating
results.
WE ARE IN A HIGHLY COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY AND SOME OF OUR COMPETITORS MAY BE MORE
SUCCESSFUL IN ATTRACTING AND RETAINING CUSTOMERS.
The market for Internet products and services is highly competitive. There
are no substantial barriers to entry in these markets, and we expect that
competition will continue to intensify. Negative competitive developments could
have a material adverse effect on our business and the trading price of our
stock.
We will compete with many other providers of online navigation,
information, entertainment, business and community services. As we expand the
scope of our Internet offerings, we will compete directly with a greater number
of Internet sites, media companies, and companies providing business services
across a wide range of different online services, including:
- vertical markets where competitors may have advantages in expertise,
brand recognition, and other factors;
- metasearch services and software applications that allow a user to
search the databases of several directories and catalogs
simultaneously;
- database vendors that offer information search and retrieval
capabilities with their core database products;
- Web-based email and instant messaging services either on a stand alone
basis or integrated into other products and media properties;
- online merchant hosting services; and
- online broadcasting of business events following consummation of the
proposed broadcast.com merger.
Companies that offer competitive products or services addressing Web
navigation, information and community services include:
- America Online, Inc. (NetFind) including Netscape (Netcenter);
- CNET, Inc. (Snap);
- Compaq/Digital Equipment Corporation (AltaVista);
- Excite, Inc. (including WebCrawler);
- Infoseek Corporation (including GO Network);
- Inktomi Corporation;
- Lycos, Inc. (including HotBot and Tripod); and
- Microsoft Corporation (msn.com).
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A large number of these websites and online services as well as
high-traffic e-commerce merchants such as Amazon.com, Inc. also offer or are
expected to offer informational and community features that may be competitive
with the services that Yahoo! offers. In order to effectively compete, we may
need to expend significant internal engineering resources or acquire other
technologies and companies to provide such capabilities. Any of these efforts
could be dilutive to our shareholders.
MARKET CONSOLIDATION IS CREATING MORE FORMIDABLE COMPETITORS.
In the recent past, there have been a number of significant acquisitions
and strategic plans announced among and between certain of our competitors,
including:
- The Walt Disney Company acquiring a significant interest in Infoseek;
- AOL acquiring Netscape;
- @Home Networks, a provider of high speed internet access serving the
cable television infrastructure and the largest shareholder of which
is AT&T, acquiring Excite;
- NBC acquiring an interest in Snap, a subsidiary of CNET, and
announcing plans to merge its Internet assets with XOOM.com and Snap
to create a new Internet media network;
- Compaq taking control of AltaVista through its acquisition of Digital
Equipment Corporation; and
- Microsoft investing $5 billion in AT&T, and AT&T acquiring MediaOne.
The effect of these completed and pending acquisitions and strategic plans
on Yahoo! cannot be predicted with certainty, but all of these competitors are
aligned with companies that are significantly larger or more well established
than Yahoo!. In particular, many of them are television broadcasters having
substantial marketing resources and capabilities to assist our competitors. As a
result, each of them will have access to significantly greater financial,
marketing and, in certain cases, technical resources than Yahoo!.
RECENT ALLIANCES MAY MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT TO ACCESS YAHOO!'S PRODUCTS AND
MEDIA PROPERTIES.
The recent acquisitions and alliances discussed above will result in
greater competition as more users of the Internet consolidate on fewer services
that incorporate search and retrieval features. In addition, providers of
software and other Internet products and services are incorporating search and
retrieval features into their offerings. For example, Web browsers offered by
Netscape and Microsoft increasingly incorporate prominent search buttons that
direct search traffic to competing services. These features could make it more
difficult for Internet users to find and use our products and services. Netscape
has an agreement with Excite under which Excite is the most prominent
navigational service within the Netcenter website. In the future, Netscape,
Microsoft and other browser suppliers may also more tightly integrate products
and services similar to ours into their browsers or their browsers' pre-set home
pages. Another example is the recently announced arrangement that will result in
Compaq including prominent links to Alta Vista with many of the computers which
it sells. Any of these companies could take actions that would make it more
difficult for consumers to
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find and use Yahoo! services. Microsoft recently announced that it will feature
and promote Internet search services provided by Alta Vista and signed a long
term partnership with LookSmart to provide directory services in the Microsoft
Network and other Microsoft online properties. Such search services may be
tightly integrated into future versions of the Microsoft operating system, the
Internet Explorer browser, and other software applications, and Microsoft may
promote such services within the Microsoft Network or through other Microsoft
affiliated end-user services such as MSNBC or WebTV Networks. Each of these
situations creates a potential competitive advantage over ours because their
Internet navigational offerings may be more conveniently accessed by users.
INCREASED COMPETITION MAY EXERT DOWNWARD PRICING PRESSURE ON ADVERTISING
CONTRACTS.
We compete with online services, other website operators and advertising
networks, as well as traditional offline media such as television, radio and
print for a share of advertisers' total advertising budgets. We believe that the
number of companies selling Web-based advertising and the available inventory of
advertising space has recently increased substantially. Accordingly, we may face
increased pricing pressure for the sale of advertisements, which could reduce
our advertising revenues. In addition, our sales may be adversely affected to
the extent that our competitors offer superior advertising services that better
target users or provide better reporting of advertising results.
WE DEPEND ON CONTINUED GROWTH IN THE USE OF WEB ADVERTISING TO SUPPORT OUR
REVENUE MODEL.
Web-based advertising is relatively new, and it is difficult to predict the
extent of further growth, if any, in Web advertising expenditures. The Internet
may not prove to be a viable commercial marketplace for a number of reasons,
including the lack of acceptable security technologies, potentially inadequate
development of the necessary infrastructure, or the lack of timely development
and commercialization of performance improvements.
THE MARKET FOR OUR PRODUCTS IS NEW, AND THE GROWTH IN MARKET ACCEPTANCE FOR
THESE PRODUCTS IS UNCERTAIN.
The markets for our products and media properties have only recently begun
to develop, are rapidly evolving, and are increasingly competitive. Demand and
market acceptance for recently introduced products and services are subject to a
high level of uncertainty and risk. If the market develops more slowly than
expected or becomes saturated with competitors, or if our products and media
properties do not sustain market acceptance, our business, operating results,
and financial condition will be materially and adversely affected.
THE INTERNET IS CHARACTERIZED BY RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES, AND WE MUST ADAPT
QUICKLY TO THESE CHANGES TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY.
The market for Internet products and services is characterized by rapid
technological developments, evolving industry standards and customer demands,
and frequent new product introductions and enhancements. For example, to the
extent that higher bandwidth Internet access becomes more widely available, we
may be required to make significant changes to the design and content of our
products and media properties. Failure to effectively adapt to these
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or any other technological developments could adversely affect our business,
operating results, and financial condition.
WE MUST DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN A "BRAND IDENTITY" FOR OUR PRODUCTS IN ORDER TO
ATTRACT AND EXPAND OUR USER AND ADVERTISER BASE.
We believe that establishing and maintaining the Yahoo! brand is an
important aspect of our efforts to attract and expand our user and advertiser
base. We also believe that the importance of brand recognition will increase due
to the growing number of Internet sites and the relatively low barriers to
entry. Promotion and enhancement of the Yahoo! brand will depend largely on our
success in providing high-quality products and services. In order to attract and
retain Internet users and to promote and maintain the Yahoo! brand, we may find
it necessary to increase expenditures devoted to creating and maintaining brand
loyalty. In the event of any breach or alleged breach of security or privacy
involving our services, or if any third party undertakes illegal or harmful
actions utilizing our community, communications or commerce services, we could
suffer substantial adverse publicity and impairment of our brand and reputation.
If any of these events occur, our business, operating results, and financial
condition will be materially and adversely affected.
OUR ABILITY TO UTILIZE THE WEB AS AN ADVERTISING MEDIUM DEPENDS ON EFFECTIVELY
REACHING AN AUDIENCE THAT IS ATTRACTIVE TO ADVERTISERS AND CONTINUING TO ENHANCE
DELIVERY AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS.
Most of our advertising customers have limited experience with the Web as
an advertising medium. Our ability to generate significant advertising revenues
will depend upon:
- the development of a large base of users of our services possessing
demographic characteristics attractive to advertisers; and
- our ability to continue to develop and update effective advertising
delivery and measurement systems.
No standards have yet been widely accepted for the measurement of the
effectiveness of Web-based advertising. Advertisers may determine that banner
advertising, which comprises the majority of our revenues, is not an effective
advertising medium. We may not be able to effectively transition to any other
forms of Web-based advertising, should such other forms prove more popular.
Certain advertising filter software programs are available that limit or remove
banner advertising from Web pages viewed by an Internet user. Such software, if
generally adopted by users, may have a materially adverse effect upon the
viability of advertising on the Internet. Our advertising customers may not
accept the internal and third-party measurements of impressions received by
advertisements on Yahoo! online media properties and such measurements may
contain errors. We rely primarily on our internal advertising sales force for
domestic advertising sales, which involves additional risks and uncertainties,
including risks associated with the recruitment, retention, management,
training, and motivation of sales personnel. As a result of these factors, we
may not be able to sustain or increase current advertising sales levels. Failure
to do so will have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results,
and financial position.
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THE SUCCESSFUL OPERATION OF OUR BUSINESS DEPENDS UPON THE SUPPLY OF CRITICAL
ELEMENTS FROM OTHER COMPANIES.
We will depend substantially upon third parties for several critical
elements of our business including technology and infrastructure, content
development, and distribution activities.
TECHNOLOGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE. Inktomi provides text-based Web search results
to complement our directory and navigational guide. We depend substantially upon
ongoing maintenance and technical support from Inktomi to ensure accurate and
rapid presentation of such search results to customers. If Inktomi were to
prematurely terminate its agreement with us or fail to renew it, we would have
to make substantial expenditures to develop or license replacement technology.
This also could result in lower levels of use of our navigational services. We
rely on a private third-party provider, Frontier GlobalCenter, Inc., for our
principal Internet connections. Email and other service Internet connections are
provided to us by GTE. Any disruption in the Internet access provided by these
third-party providers or any failure of these third-party providers to handle
current or higher volumes of use could have a material adverse effect on our
business, operating results, and financial condition. We license technology and
related databases from third parties for certain elements of our properties,
including, among others, technology underlying the delivery of news, stock
quotes and current financial information, chat services, street mapping and
telephone listings, streaming capabilities and similar services. We have
experienced and expect to continue to experience interruptions and delays in
service and availability for such elements, including recent interruptions in
our stock quote services. Furthermore, we are dependent on hardware suppliers
for prompt delivery, installation, and service of servers and other equipment to
deliver our products and services. Any errors, failures, interruptions, or
delays experienced in connection with these third-party technologies and
information services could negatively impact our relationship with users and
adversely affect our brand and our business, and could expose us to liabilities
to third parties.
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT. A key element of our strategy involves the implementation
of Yahoo!-branded media properties targeted for interest areas, demographic
groups, and geographic areas. In these efforts, we rely on content development
and localization efforts of third parties, such as SOFTBANK in Japan and Korea.
We cannot guarantee that our current or future third-party affiliates will
effectively implement these properties, or that their efforts will result in
significant revenue to us. Any failure of these parties to develop and maintain
high-quality and successful media properties also could hurt the Yahoo! brand.
Certain of these arrangements also require us to integrate third parties'
content with our services, which can require significant programming and design
efforts. In addition, we have granted exclusivity provisions to certain third
parties, and may in the future grant additional exclusivity rights. These
exclusive rights may have the effect of preventing us from accepting particular
advertising, sponsorship, or content arrangements during the term of
exclusivity.
DISTRIBUTION RELATIONSHIPS. In order to create traffic for our online
properties and make them more attractive to advertisers and consumers, we have
certain distribution agreements and informal relationships with leading Web
browser providers such as Microsoft and Netscape, operators of online networks
and leading websites, and computer manufacturers, such as Toshiba,
Hewlett-Packard and Gateway. These distribution arrangements typically are not
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exclusive, and may be terminated upon little or no notice. In addition, we may
be required to establish relationships with providers of broadband services.
Even if sufficient distribution opportunities are available to us in the U.S. or
abroad, third parties that provide distribution assess fees or otherwise impose
additional conditions on the listing of Yahoo! or our other online properties.
Any failure to cost-effectively obtain distribution could have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
We recently announced a co-branding and distribution arrangement with AT&T
under which we will provide a Web-based online service in conjunction with
dial-up Internet access provided by AT&T WorldNet Service. The acquisition of
Excite by @Home Networks, whose largest stockholder is AT&T, could adversely
affect our relationship with AT&T.
TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN THE CONTINUALLY EVOLVING MARKET FOR ONLINE SERVICES, WE MUST
CONTINUE TO ENHANCE OUR PROPERTIES AND DEVELOP NEW ONES.
To remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the
functionality, features, and content of the Yahoo! main site, as well as our
other media properties. We may not be able to successfully maintain competitive
user response times or implement new features and functions, which will involve
the development of increasingly complex technologies. Personalized information
services, such as our Web-based email services, message boards, stock portfolios
and Yahoo! Clubs community features, require significantly greater expenses than
our general services. We cannot guarantee that these additional expenses will be
offset by additional revenues from personalized services.
Our future success also depends in part upon the timely processing of
website listings submitted by users and Web content providers, which have
increased substantially in recent periods. We have, from time to time,
experienced significant delays in the processing of submissions. Further delays
could have a material adverse effect on our goodwill among users and Web content
providers, and on our business.
A key element of our business strategy is the development and introduction
of new Yahoo!-branded online properties targeted for specific interest areas,
user groups with particular demographic characteristics, and geographic areas.
We may not be successful in developing, introducing, and marketing such products
or media properties and such properties may not achieve market acceptance,
enhance our brand name recognition, or increase user traffic. Furthermore,
enhancements of or improvements to Yahoo! or new media properties may contain
undetected errors that require significant design modifications, resulting in a
loss of customer confidence and user support and a decrease in the value of our
brand name. If we fail to effectively develop and introduce new properties, or
those properties fail to achieve market acceptance, our business, results of
operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
OUR EQUITY INVESTMENTS IN OTHER COMPANIES MAY NOT YIELD ANY RETURNS.
We have made equity investments in affiliated companies that are involved
in the commercialization of Yahoo!-branded online properties, such as Yahoo!
Japan and Yahoo! Korea. These affiliated companies typically are in an early
stage of development and may be expected to incur substantial losses. Our
investments in such companies may not result in any
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return. As a result, we have recorded and expect to continue to record a share
of the losses in such affiliates attributable to our ownership. We have also
made equity investments in non-affiliated companies involved in the development
of technologies or services that are complementary or related to our business.
We intend to continue to make significant additional investments in the future.
Losses resulting from such investments could have a material adverse effect on
our operating results.
WE MUST MANAGE OUR RECENT GROWTH AND THE INTEGRATION OF RECENTLY ACQUIRED
COMPANIES SUCCESSFULLY IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE DESIRED RESULTS.
Our recent growth has placed a significant strain on our managerial,
operational, and financial resources. To manage our growth, we must continue to
implement and improve our operational and financial systems and to expand,
train, and manage our employee base. Any inability to manage growth effectively
could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and
financial condition.
The process of managing advertising within large, high traffic websites
such as ours is an increasingly important and complex task. We rely on both
internal and licensed third-party advertising inventory management and analysis
systems. To the extent that any extended failure of our advertising management
system results in incorrect advertising insertions, we may be exposed to "make
good" obligations, which, by displacing advertising inventory, could defer
advertising revenues. Failure of our advertising management systems to
effectively scale to higher levels of use or to effectively track and provide
accurate and timely reports on advertising results also could negatively affect
our relationships with advertisers.
As part of our business strategy, we have completed several acquisitions
and expect to enter into additional business combinations and acquisitions
including our proposed acquisitions of GeoCities and broadcast.com. Acquisition
transactions are accompanied by a number of risks, including:
- the difficulty of assimilating the operations and personnel of the
acquired companies;
- the potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of
management;
- the difficulty of incorporating acquired technology or content and
rights into our products and media properties;
- the negative impact on reported earnings if any of these transactions
which are expected to qualify for pooling of interest accounting
treatment for financial reporting purposes fail to so qualify;
- the correct assessment of the relative percentages of in-process
research and development expense which can be immediately written off
as compared to the amount which must be amortized over the appropriate
life of the asset;
- the failure to successfully develop an acquired in-process technology
resulting in the impairment of amounts currently capitalized as
intangible assets;
- unanticipated expenses related to technology integration;
- the maintenance of uniform standards, controls, procedures and
policies;
- the impairment of relationships with employees and customers as a
result of any integration of new management personnel; and
- the potential unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses.
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We may not be successful in addressing these risks or any other problems
encountered in connection with such acquisitions. See "Risks Related to the
Pending GeoCities and Broadcast.com Mergers."
WE WILL CONTINUE TO EXPAND INTO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS IN WHICH WE HAVE LIMITED
EXPERIENCE.
A key part of our strategy is to develop Yahoo!-branded online properties
in international markets. We have developed and operate, through joint ventures
with SOFTBANK and related entities, versions of Yahoo! localized for Japan,
Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Korea. We also operate localized or
mirror versions of Yahoo! through wholly-owned subsidiaries in Australia,
Denmark, Italy, Norway, Sweden, and Singapore and offer Yahoo! guides in Spanish
and Mandarin Chinese. We or our partners may not be able to successfully market
and operate our products and services in foreign markets.
To date, we have only limited experience in developing localized versions
of our products and marketing and operating our products and services
internationally. We rely on the efforts and abilities of our foreign business
partners in such activities. We also believe that in light of substantial
anticipated competition, we will need to move quickly into international markets
in order to effectively obtain market share. For example, in a number of
international markets, we face substantial competition from ISPs, some of which
have a dominant market share in their territories, that offer or may offer their
own navigational services. We expect to continue to experience higher costs as a
percentage of revenues in connection with international online properties.
International markets we have selected may not develop at a rate that supports
our level of investment. In particular, international markets may be slower in
adoption of the Internet as an advertising and commerce medium.
In addition to uncertainty about our ability to continue to generate
revenues from our foreign operations and expand our international presence,
there are certain risks inherent in doing business on an international level,
including:
- unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
- trade barriers;
- difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations including, as
a result of distance, language and cultural differences;
- longer payment cycles;
- currency exchange rate fluctuations;
- problems in collecting accounts receivable;
- political instability;
- export restrictions;
- seasonal reductions in business activity; and
- potentially adverse tax consequences.
One or more of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our future
international operations and, consequently, on our business, operating results,
and financial condition.
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OUR OPERATIONS COULD BE SIGNIFICANTLY HINDERED BY THE OCCURRENCE OF A NATURAL
DISASTER OR OTHER CATASTROPHIC EVENT.
Our operations are susceptible to outages due to fire, floods, power loss,
telecommunications failures, break-ins and similar events. In addition,
substantially all of our network infrastructure is located in Northern
California, an area susceptible to earthquakes. We do not have multiple site
capacity in the event of any such occurrence. Despite our implementation of
network security measures, our servers are vulnerable to computer viruses,
break-ins, and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our computer
systems. We do not carry sufficient business interruption insurance to
compensate us for losses that may occur as a result of any of these events. Such
events could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results,
and financial condition.
OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ARE COSTLY AND DIFFICULT TO PROTECT.
We regard our copyrights, trademarks, trade dress, trade secrets, and
similar intellectual property as critical to our success. We rely upon trademark
and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality or license
agreements with our employees, customers, partners and others to protect our
proprietary rights. For example, we have obtained the registration for certain
of our trademarks, including "Yahoo!" and "Yahooligans!". Effective trademark,
copyright, and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in
which our products and media properties are distributed or made available
through the Internet, and while we attempt to ensure that the quality of our
brand is maintained by our licensees, our licensees may take actions that could
materially and adversely affect the value of our proprietary rights or the
reputation of our products and media properties. We are aware that third parties
have, from time to time, copied significant portions of Yahoo! directory
listings for use in competitive Internet navigational tools and services.
Protection of the distinctive elements of Yahoo! may not be available under
copyright law. We cannot guarantee that the steps we have taken to protect our
proprietary rights will be adequate.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INFRINGEMENT CLAIMS, WHICH ARE COSTLY
TO DEFEND AND COULD LIMIT OUR ABILITY TO USE CERTAIN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FUTURE.
Many parties are actively developing search, indexing, e-commerce and other
Web-related technologies. We believe that these parties will continue to take
steps to protect these technologies, including seeking patent protection. As a
result, we believe that disputes regarding the ownership of these technologies
are likely to arise in the future. For example, we are aware that a number of
patents have been issued in the areas of:
- electronic commerce;
- online auctions;
- Web-based information indexing and retrieval, including patents
recently issued to one of our direct competitors;
- online direct marketing;
- fantasy sports;
- common Web graphics formats; and
- mapping technologies.
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We anticipate that additional third-party patents will be issued in the
future. From time to time, parties assert patent infringement claims against us
in the form of letters, lawsuits and other forms of communications.
In addition to patent claims, third parties may assert claims against us
alleging infringement of copyrights, trademark rights, trade secret rights or
other proprietary rights or alleging unfair competition. In the event that we
determine that licensing patents or other proprietary rights is appropriate, we
cannot guarantee that we will be able to license such proprietary rights on
reasonable terms or at all. We may incur substantial expenses in defending
against third-party infringement claims regardless of the merit of such claims.
In the event that there is a determination that we have infringed third-party
proprietary rights, we could incur substantial monetary liability and be
prevented from using the rights in the future.
We are aware of lawsuits filed against two of our competitors regarding the
presentment of advertisements in response to search requests on "keywords" that
may be trademarks of third parties. It is not clear what, if any, impact an
adverse ruling in these recently filed lawsuits would have on us. In addition,
lawsuits have been filed against broadcast.com, a company we propose to acquire,
alleging patent infringement relating to broadcast.com's use of streaming media
products.
WE DEPEND ON KEY PERSONNEL WHO MAY NOT CONTINUE TO WORK FOR US.
We are substantially dependent on the continued services of our key
personnel, including our two founders, our chief executive officer, chief
financial officer, chief operating officer, chief technical officer, our vice
presidents in charge of business development, sales and production and our
senior engineers. Each of these individuals has acquired specialized knowledge
and skills with respect to Yahoo! and its operations. As a result, if any of
these individuals were to leave Yahoo!, we could face substantial difficulty in
hiring qualified successors and could experience a loss in productivity while
any such successor obtains the necessary training and experience. We expect that
we will need to hire additional personnel in all areas. The competition for
qualified personnel is intense, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area,
where our corporate headquarters are located. At times, we have experienced
difficulties in hiring personnel with the right training or experience,
particularly in technical areas. We do not maintain key person life insurance
for any of our personnel. If we do not succeed in attracting new personnel, or
retaining and motivating existing personnel, our business will be adversely
affected.
GEOCITIES, A COMPANY WE PROPOSE TO ACQUIRE, HAS AN UNPROVEN BUSINESS MODEL THAT
IS HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON THE CONTINUED SUPPORT OF ITS MEMBERS AND ADVERTISERS.
GeoCities' business model, which will be incorporated into and become a
meaningful part of the Yahoo! business model following the consummation of the
GeoCities merger (assuming the merger is consummated), depends upon its ability
to leverage its community platform and to generate multiple revenue streams.
The potential profitability of this business model is unproven, and, to be
successful, we must, among other things, develop and market solutions that
achieve broad market acceptance by our members, Internet advertisers, commerce
vendors and Internet users. GeoCities is substantially dependent upon its
member-generated content, the grass-roots promotional efforts of its members,
the acceptance
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by its members of advertising and other promotional programs of third parties
and GeoCities and the voluntary involvement of its community leaders and
liaisons to attract Web users to its site and to reduce the demands on company
personnel. This model has existed for only a limited period of time, and, as a
result, is relatively unproven. There can be no assurance that member-generated
content or the promotional efforts of members will continue to attract users to
GeoCities' website or that we will attract advertising revenue from third
parties in sufficient amounts to make the business commercially viable. There
can also be no assurance that GeoCities' community leaders and liaisons will
continue to devote their time voluntarily to improving the community. If,
following the consummation of the merger, a substantial number of homesteaders
become dissatisfied with our services or our focus on the commercialization of
those services, our business, results of operations and financial condition
would be adversely affected.
The GeoCities business model relies on volunteers such as its community
leaders and liaisons to provide assistance to homesteaders and other users of
the GeoCities website. We are aware of a published report that several
volunteers at AOL have asked the U.S. Department of Labor to investigate whether
AOL's use of voluntary labor violates the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act. The
same report states that the Labor Department has not begun an investigation into
the matter, but acknowledges that it has received information from several of
AOL's volunteers. Although we are not aware of any similar requests by any of
GeoCities' volunteers, no assurances can be given that such requests will not be
made in the future. We do not believe that any of GeoCities' practices in
connection with the use of volunteers in its business is in violation of any
labor laws; however, to the extent that the Department of Labor makes an adverse
determination in the AOL matter, it could materially and adversely affect our
business and financial results following the consummation of the GeoCities
merger.
WE ARE SUBJECT TO U.S. AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF THE INTERNET, THE
IMPACT OF WHICH IS DIFFICULT TO PREDICT.
There are currently few laws or regulations directly applicable to the
Internet. The application of existing laws and regulations to Yahoo! relating to
issues such as user privacy, defamation, pricing, advertising, taxation,
gambling, sweepstakes, promotions, content regulation, quality of products and
services, and intellectual property ownership and infringement can be unclear.
In addition, we will also be subject to new laws and regulations directly
applicable to our activities. Any existing or new legislation applicable to us
could expose us to substantial liability, including significant expenses
necessary to comply with such laws and regulations, and dampen the growth in use
of the Web.
Other nations, including Germany, have taken actions to restrict the free
flow of material deemed to be objectionable on the Web. The European Union has
recently adopted privacy and copyright directives that may impose additional
burdens and costs on our international operations. In addition, several
telecommunications carriers, including America's Carriers' Telecommunications
Association, are seeking to have telecommunications over the Web regulated by
the FCC in the same manner as other telecommunications services. Many areas with
high Web use have begun to experience interruptions in phone service, and local
telephone carriers, such as Pacific Bell, have petitioned the FCC to regulate
ISPs and OSPs and to impose access fees. A number of proposals have been made at
the federal, state and local level that would impose additional taxes on the
sale of goods and services through the Internet.
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If any such proposals are adopted, it could substantially impair the growth of
the Internet and adversely affect us.
Several recently passed federal laws could have an impact on our business.
The Digital Millenium Copyright Act is intended to reduce the liability of
online service providers for listing or linking to third-party websites that
include materials that infringe copyrights or other rights of others. The
Children's Online Protection Act and the Children's Online Privacy Protection
Act are intended to restrict the distribution of certain materials deemed
harmful to children and impose additional restrictions on the ability of online
services to collect user information from minors. In addition, the Protection of
Children From Sexual Predators Act of 1998 requires online service providers to
report evidence of violations of federal child pornography laws under certain
circumstances. We are currently reviewing this legislation, and cannot currently
predict the effect, if any, that it will have on our business. Such legislation
may impose significant additional costs on our business or subject us to
additional liabilities.
We post policies concerning the use and disclosure of user data. In
addition, following the consummation of the GeoCities merger, we will be
required to comply, to a certain extent, with a consent order issued by the FTC
to GeoCities, which imposes certain obligations and restrictions with respect to
information collected from users. Any failure by us to comply with our posted
privacy policies or, following the consummation of the GeoCities merger, the
consent order could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and
financial condition.
Due to the global nature of the Web, it is possible that the governments of
other states and foreign countries might attempt to regulate its transmissions
or prosecute us for violations of their laws. We might unintentionally violate
such laws. Such laws may be modified, or new laws enacted, in the future. Any
such developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of operations, and financial condition.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO LEGAL LIABILITY FOR OUR ONLINE SERVICES.
We host a wide variety of services that enable individuals to exchange
information, generate content, conduct business and engage in various online
activities, including services relating to online auctions and, following the
consummation of the GeoCities merger, the homesteading and other services
offered by GeoCities. The law relating to the liability of providers of these
online services for activities of their users is currently unsettled. Claims
could be made against us for defamation, negligence, copyright or trademark
infringement, unlawful activity, tort, including personal injury, fraud, or
other theories based on the nature and content of information that we provide
links to or that may be posted online or generated by our users or with respect
to auctioned materials. These types of claims have been brought, and sometimes
successfully pressed, against online service providers in the past. In addition,
we are aware that governmental agencies are currently investigating the conduct
of online auctions.
We also periodically enter into arrangements to offer third-party products,
services, or content under the Yahoo! brand or via distribution on Yahoo!
properties, including stock quotes and trading information. Likewise, GeoCities
and broadcast.com license third-party content for distribution over the
Internet. We may be subject to claims concerning these products, services or
content by virtue of our involvement in marketing, branding, broadcasting or
providing access to them, even if we do not ourself host, operate, provide, or
provide access
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to these products, services or content. While our agreements with these parties
often provide that we will be indemnified against such liabilities, such
indemnification may not be adequate.
It is also possible that, if any information provided directly by us
contains errors or is otherwise negligently provided to users, third parties
could make claims against us. For example, we offer Web-based email services,
which expose us to potential risks, such as liabilities or claims resulting from
unsolicited email, lost or misdirected messages, illegal or fraudulent use of
email, or interruptions or delays in email service. Investigating and defending
any of these types of claims is expensive, even to the extent that the claims do
not result in liability.
OUR E-COMMERCE ACTIVITIES MAY EXPOSE US TO UNCERTAIN LEGAL RISKS AND POTENTIAL
LIABILITIES.
As part of our business, we enter into agreements with sponsors, content
providers, service providers, and merchants under which we are entitled to
receive a share of revenue from the purchase of goods and services by users of
our online properties. In addition, we provide hosting and other services to
online merchants. These types of arrangements may expose us to additional legal
risks and uncertainties, including potential liabilities relating to the
products and services offered by such third parties.
We recently began offering a Yahoo!-branded VISA credit card, which
includes a "rewards" program entitling card users to receive points that may be
redeemed for merchandise, such as books or music. This arrangement exposes us to
risks and expenses relating to compliance with consumer protection laws, loss of
customer data, disputes over redemption procedures and rules, products
liability, sales taxation and liabilities associated with any failure in
performance by participating merchants.
Although we maintain liability insurance, insurance may not cover these
claims or may not be adequate. Even to the extent these types of claims do not
result in material liability, investigating and defending the claims is
expensive.
RISKS RELATED TO THE PENDING GEOCITIES AND BROADCAST.COM MERGERS
EXPECTED BENEFITS OF EITHER MERGER MAY NOT BE REALIZED.
If we are not able to effectively integrate technology, operations and
personnel from the acquired companies in a timely and efficient manner, then the
benefits of such mergers will not be realized. In particular, if the integration
is not successful:
- our operating results may be adversely affected;
- we may lose key personnel; and
- we may not be able to retain the acquired companies' user bases or
content providers (including, in the case of the GeoCities merger,
GeoCities' community membership base of homesteaders).
In addition, whether or not such integrations are successful, the attention
and effort devoted to the integration of the acquired companies will
significantly divert management's attention from other important issues, and
could result in the delay of strategic initiatives, the
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disruption of sales and marketing efforts, and the loss of customers, vendors,
and employees, any of which could have a material adverse impact on us.
EITHER MERGER COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS.
If the benefits of either merger do not exceed the costs associated with
such merger, including the dilution to Yahoo! shareholders resulting from the
issuance of shares in connection with such merger, our financial results,
including earnings per share, could be adversely affected. Specifically, we
expect to incur a one-time charge of approximately $66 million related to the
GeoCities merger during the second quarter of 1999 and a yet to be determined
amount related to the broadcast.com merger during the third quarter of 1999.
THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK MAY DECLINE AS A RESULT OF EITHER MERGER.
The market price of our common stock may decline as a result of the mergers
with GeoCities or broadcast.com if:
- the integration of Yahoo! with either company is unsuccessful;
- we do not achieve the perceived benefits of either merger as rapidly
or to the extent anticipated by financial analysts; or
- the effect of either merger on our financial results is not consistent
with the expectations of financial analysts.
FAILURE OF EITHER MERGER TO QUALIFY AS A POOLING OF INTERESTS WOULD NEGATIVELY
AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS.
The failure of either merger to qualify for pooling of interests accounting
treatment for financial reporting purposes for any reason would materially and
adversely affect our reported earnings and, likely, the price of our common
stock.
The availability of pooling of interests accounting treatment for each
merger depends upon circumstances and events occurring after the effective time
of such merger. For example, there must be no significant changes in the
business of the combined company, including significant dispositions of assets,
for a period of two years following the effective time of each such merger.
Further, affiliates of Yahoo! and the acquired company must not sell any shares
of either Yahoo! or the acquired company's capital stock until the day that
Yahoo! publicly announces financial results covering at least 30 days of
combined operations of Yahoo! and the acquired company after each such merger.
If affiliates of Yahoo! or the acquired company sell their shares of Yahoo!
common stock prior to that time despite a contractual obligation not to do so,
such merger may not qualify for accounting as a pooling of interests for
financial reporting purposes.
FAILURE TO SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETE THE ACQUISITION OF EITHER GEOCITIES OR
BROADCAST.COM COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR STOCK PRICE.
The consummation of the GeoCities and broadcast.com mergers is subject to a
number of conditions including approval by the GeoCities and broadcast.com
stockholders, respectively. In addition, the broadcast.com merger is still
awaiting regulatory approval. If we
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are unable to effectively complete either merger for any reason, our business
and operations could be seriously harmed. In particular, whether or not the
mergers are successful over the long term, the acquisition of GeoCities and
broadcast.com may:
- significantly divert the attention of management from other important
issues;
- delay strategic initiatives;
- cause the loss of customers or key employees; and
- disrupt sales and marketing efforts.
In addition, our stock price may decline if it does not achieve the
perceived benefits of either merger in a manner consistent with the expectations
of the financial markets.
RISKS RELATED TO BROADCAST.COM'S BUSINESS
Assuming the proposed broadcast.com merger is consummated, broadcast.com
will constitute a meaningful part of Yahoo!'s business and, as a result, we will
become subject to the following additional risks with respect to the
broadcast.com portion of our business.
BROADCAST.COM IS DEPENDENT ON THIRD-PARTY CONTENT PROVIDERS.
Broadcast.com's future success depends upon its ability to aggregate
compelling content and deliver that content on the Web. Broadcast.com typically
does not create content. Rather, it relies on third parties including major
sports organizations, radio and television stations, record labels, cable
networks, businesses, colleges and universities, film producers and
distributors, and other organizations for the compelling and entertaining
content available on the broadcast.com site. Broadcast.com's ability to
maintain and build relationships with third-party content providers will be
critical to the combined company's success and also exposes it to the following
risks.
MANY OF BROADCAST.COM'S CONTENT AGREEMENTS EXTEND FOR A PERIOD OF LESS THAN TWO
YEARS AND THERE CAN BE NO GUARANTEE THAT THEY WILL BE RENEWED UPON THEIR
EXPIRATION ON FAVORABLE TERMS OR AT ALL. Broadcast.com's inability to secure
licenses from content providers or performances rights societies or the
termination of a significant number of content provider agreements would
decrease the availability of content and likely result in decreased traffic on
broadcast.com's websites. As a result, broadcast.com would receive decreased
advertising revenue, which would adversely affect its business. Also, as
competition for compelling content increases, broadcast.com's content providers
may increase the prices at which it offers its content to broadcast.com upon the
expiration of these contracts. Either of these events would negatively affect
broadcast.com's business.
THE ROYALTY RATES FOR CERTAIN MUSIC LICENSES HAVE NOT BEEN SET AND MAY BE SET AT
RATES THAT ARE HIGHER THAN ANTICIPATED. In order to have the right to broadcast
music on the Web, broadcast.com is currently required to license and pay
royalties on the copyright in the musical compositions and also to license and
pay royalties on the separate copyright in the actual recordings of the music to
be broadcast. Broadcast.com has license agreements in place with ASCAP and BMI,
the two largest music societies that license the copyrights to the compositions,
to license the musical composition copyrights on reasonable terms.
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However, there is currently a large amount of uncertainty related to licensing
issues and there can be no assurance that those music societies will renew those
contracts on similar terms. The Recording Industry Association of America
represents the five major record labels in setting the royalties to be paid by
webcasters, like broadcast.com, for the license to most music recordings. The
RIAA has not yet determined what the royalty and other terms for the actual
sound recordings will be and it is therefore unclear how it will effect
broadcast.com's business. If ASCAP, BMI or the RIAA set high royalty rates,
offer to renew existing agreements at higher rates or provide other terms which
make it difficult to operate broadcast.com's current business model, our overall
business could be adversely affected.
CONTENT AGREEMENTS ARE OFTEN NOT EXCLUSIVE AND OTHER COMPANIES ARE OFTEN ABLE TO
OFFER SIMILAR CONTENT. In many cases, broadcast.com has not been able to enter
into exclusive licenses to the content it licenses from third parties.
Accordingly, other Web broadcasters may often be able to offer similar content
and in most cases, the content is available for broadcast on other media like
radio or television. These media are currently, and for the foreseeable future
will be, much more widely adopted for listening or viewing such content than the
Web. To the extent other companies are able to broadcast content that is
similar to or the same as broadcast.com, the broadcast.com website may not grow
at all or at a slower rate than anticipated and therefore broadcast.com will
generate less advertising revenue than expected.
BROADCAST.COM'S BUSINESS IS DEPENDENT ON BUSINESS SERVICES REVENUES.
Broadcast.com expects to derive a substantial amount of its revenues by
providing services to businesses to enable them to broadcast streaming content
over the Internet and corporate intranets. The demand and market acceptance for
these business services solutions is uncertain. Its ability to establish and
maintain a leadership position in Internet and intranet broadcasting for
businesses and in the distribution of other live and on-demand events will
depend on, among other things:
- market acceptance of its current and future business service offerings;
- the reliability of its networks and services; and
- the extent to which end users are able to receive broadcasts at adequate
bit rates to provide for high quality services, none of which can be
assured.
Broadcast.com operates in a market that is at a very early stage of
development, is rapidly evolving and is characterized by an increasing number of
competitors. Today, the most significant of these competitors are companies
offering teleconferencing or videoconferencing services. Broadcast.com also
expects other competitors to become more formidable in the future including
software companies, internet service providers or networking companies. Demand
and market acceptance for recently introduced services by broadcast.com are
subject to a high level of uncertainty and risk. Sales of business services may
require an extended sales effort in certain cases. In addition, potential
customers must accept audio and video broadcast services over the Internet as a
viable alternative to face-to-face meetings, television or audio, audio
teleconferences and video conferencing. Because the market for business
services is new and evolving, it is difficult to predict the size of this market
and its growth rate, if any. In addition, it is uncertain
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whether businesses and other organizations will utilize the Internet to any
significant degree as a means of broadcasting business conferences and other
events. There can be no assurance that the market for broadcast.com's business
services will continue to develop or be sustainable. If the market fails to
develop, develops more slowly than expected or becomes more competitive than is
currently expected, or if broadcast.com's sites do not achieve or sustain market
acceptance, the portion of our business related to such activities could be
adversely affected.
BROADCAST.COM IS DEPENDENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT, ACCEPTANCE AND AVAILABILITY OF
STREAMING MEDIA TECHNOLOGY.
Broadcast.com relies on the two leading providers of streaming media
products, RealNetworks and Microsoft, to license encoders to it in order to
broadcast its content and to distribute player software in order to create a
broad base of users. There can be no assurance that these providers will
continue to license these products on reasonable terms, or at all, to
broadcast.com. In addition, users are currently able to electronically download
copies of the RealNetwork's RealPlayer and Microsoft's Windows Media Player
software free of charge from a wide variety of sources, including broadcast.com.
These providers of streaming media products may begin charging users for copies
of their player software or otherwise change their business model in a manner
which slows the widespread acceptance of these products. In order for
broadcast.com to be successful, there must be a large and growing base of users
of these streaming media products. In addition, competitors of RealNetworks and
Microsoft may introduce and promote products that obtain a substantial share of
the market for streaming media software. In such event, broadcast.com may need
to acquire licenses from such companies, as to which there can be no assurance
that they may be available on reasonable terms or at all. Broadcast.com has
limited or no control over the availability or acceptance of streaming media
software, and to the extent that any of these circumstances occur,
broadcast.com's business will be materially adversely effected.
Broadcast.com also depends on the availability of high quality streaming
media technology to users. Early streaming media technology suffered from poor
audio quality, and video streaming at 28.8 kbps (thousands of bits per second)
currently is of lower quality than television or radio broadcasts. In addition,
congestion over the Internet and packet loss may interrupt audio and video
streams, resulting in unsatisfying user experiences. In order to receive
streamed media adequately, users generally must have multimedia PCs with certain
microprocessor requirements and at least 28.8 kbps Internet access and streaming
media software. Users typically electronically download such software and
install it on their PCs. Such installation may require technical expertise that
some users do not possess. Furthermore, in order for users to receive streaming
media over corporate intranets, information systems managers may need to
reconfigure such intranets. Because of bandwidth constraints on corporate
intranets, some information systems managers may block reception of streamed
media. Widespread adoption of streaming media technology depends on overcoming
these obstacles, improving audio and video quality and educating customers and
users in the use of streaming media technology. If streaming media technology
fails to overcome these obstacles, broadcast.com's business could be adversely
affected.
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BROADCAST.COM MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY SCALE ITS OPERATIONS.
Broadcast.com's success depends on its ability to attract large numbers of
additional users and broadcast audio and video programming to a large number of
users simultaneously. In addition, streaming media content requires more
bandwidth than most data transmissions. As a result, to the extent that demand
for broadcast.com's content increases, there will be a need to expand its
infrastructure, including the capacity of its hardware servers and the
sophistication of its software. It may also result in the demand by a greater
number of users to transition to the use of high bandwidth Internet access
devices such as cable modems and xDSL devices. This expansion will be expensive
and complex, and require additional technical expertise. If broadcast.com is
unable to accommodate this growth, it will be adversely affected.
From the commencement of operations, broadcast.com has deployed unicasting
(one user per company originated stream) technology to broadcast audio and video
programming to users over the Internet. Recently, it began to deploy another
broadcast technology, multicasting (multiple users per company originated
stream). Broadcast.com believes that unicasting will continue to be used to
distribute archived and on-demand programming and that multicasting or a similar
broadcasting technology will be used for live and other events where a larger
audience for the content is expected.
To increase its unicast capacity, the successful expansion of its network
infrastructure through the acquisition and deployment of additional network
equipment and bandwidth will be necessary. There can be no assurance that
broadcast.com will be successful in such expansion.
Broadcast.com also must successfully deploy multicasting or a similar
broadcasting technology that can deliver streaming media content to many users
simultaneously through one-to-many Internet connections. Broadcast.com will be
required to test, deploy and successfully scale its multicast network
infrastructure to serve mass audiences. There can be no assurance that it will
be successful in doing so, that multicasting will be able to support a
substantial audience or that an alternative technology will not emerge that
offers superior broadcasting technology as compared to multicasting. In the
event that multicasting technology is not successfully deployed in a timely
manner or such an alternative technology emerges, broadcast.com would likely be
required to expend significant resources to deploy a technology other than
multicasting, which could adversely affect its results of operations. If it
fails to scale its broadcasts to large audiences of simultaneous users, such
failure could adversely affect its business.
INVESTMENT RISKS
OUR STOCK PRICE HAS HISTORICALLY BEEN VOLATILE, WHICH MAY MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT
FOR YOU TO RESELL SHARES WHEN YOU WANT AT PRICES YOU FIND ATTRACTIVE.
The trading price of our common stock has been and may continue to be
subject to wide fluctuations. During 1998 and the first quarter of 1999, the
closing sale prices of our common stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market ranged from
$14.52 to $207.69. The stock price may fluctuate in response to a number of
events and factors, such as quarterly variations in
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operating results, announcements of technological innovations or new products
and media properties by us or our competitors, changes in financial estimates
and recommendations by securities analysts, the operating and stock price
performance of other companies that investors may deem comparable, and news
reports relating to trends in our markets. In addition, the stock market in
general, and the market prices for Internet-related companies in particular,
have experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to the
operating performance of such companies. These broad market and industry
fluctuations may adversely affect the price of our stock, regardless of our
operating performance.
MANAGEMENT AND ONE LARGE SHAREHOLDER BENEFICIALLY OWN MORE THAN 50% OF OUR
STOCK; THEIR INTERESTS COULD CONFLICT WITH YOURS.
Yahoo!'s directors and executive officers, and SOFTBANK beneficially own
more than 50% of our outstanding common stock. As a result of their ownership,
our directors and executive officers and SOFTBANK collectively are able to
control all matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of
directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. Such concentration
of ownership may also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in
control of Yahoo!.
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS COULD MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT FOR A THIRD PARTY TO
ACQUIRE US.
Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 10,000,000 shares
of preferred stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges
and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without any further
vote or action by the shareholders. The rights of the holders of common stock
may be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders
of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future. The issuance of
preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a
change of control of Yahoo! without further action by the shareholders and may
adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. We
have no present plans to issue shares of preferred stock. Further, certain
provisions of our charter documents, including provisions eliminating the
ability of shareholders to take action by written consent and limiting the
ability of shareholders to raise matters at a meeting of shareholders without
giving advance notice, may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in
control or management of Yahoo!, which could have an adverse effect on the
market price of our stock. In addition, our charter documents do not permit
cumulative voting, which may make it more difficult for a third party to gain
control of the Yahoo! Board of Directors.
PRIVATELY-SOLD SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR PUBLIC RESALE COULD HAVE A NEGATIVE EFFECT ON
OUR STOCK PRICE.
As of March 31, 1999, we had 202,927,000 shares of common stock
outstanding, and there were outstanding options to purchase approximately
50,833,000 shares of our common stock under stock option plans. Of the
outstanding shares of common stock, approximately 2,570,000 shares issued by us
in connection with acquisitions and investments have been available for resale
pursuant to currently effective registration statements previously filed by us
with the SEC. Sales of substantial amounts of these shares in the public market
or the prospect of these sales could adversely affect the market price of our
common stock.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes, foreign
currency fluctuations, and change in the market values of its investments.
INTEREST RATE RISK. The Company's exposure to market rate risk for changes
in interest rates relates primarily to the Company's investment portfolio. The
Company has not used derivative financial instruments in its investment
portfolio. The Company invests its excess cash in debt instruments of the U.S.
Government and its agencies, and in high-quality corporate issuers and, by
policy, limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The Company
protects and preserves its invested funds by limiting default, market and
reinvestment risk.
Investments in both fixed rate and floating rate interest earning
instruments carries a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may
have their fair market value adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates,
while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest
rates fall. Due in part to these factors, the Company's future investment
income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or the
Company may suffer losses in principal if forced to sell securities which have
declined in market value due to changes in interest rates.
FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK. International revenues from the Company's foreign
subsidiaries were less than 10% of total revenues. International sales are made
mostly from the Company's foreign sales subsidiaries in their respective
countries and are typically denominated in the local currency of each country.
These subsidiaries also incur most of their expenses in the local currency.
Accordingly, all foreign subsidiaries use the local currency as their functional
currency.
The Company's international business is subject to risks typical of an
international business, including, but not limited to differing economic
conditions, changes in political climate, differing tax structures, other
regulations and restrictions, and foreign exchange rate volatility.
Accordingly, the Company's future results could be materially adversely impacted
by changes in these or other factors.
The Company's exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations arises in part
from intercompany accounts in which costs incurred in the United States are
charged to the Company's foreign sales subsidiaries. These intercompany
accounts are typically denominated in the functional currency of the foreign
subsidiary in order to centralize foreign exchange risk with the parent company
in the United States. The Company is also exposed to foreign exchange rate
fluctuations as the financial results of foreign subsidiaries are translated
into U.S. dollars in consolidation. As exchange rates vary, these results, when
translated, may vary from expectations and adversely impact overall expected
profitability. The effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the Company
in the quarter ended March 31, 1999 was not material.
INVESTMENT RISK. The Company invests in equity instruments of
privately-held, information technology companies for business and strategic
purposes. These investments are included in other long-term assets and are
accounted for under the cost method when
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ownership is less than 20%. For these non-quoted investments, the Company's
policy is to regularly review the assumptions underlying the operating
performance and cash flow forecasts in assessing the carrying values. The
Company identifies and records impairment losses on long-lived assets when
events and circumstances indicate that such assets might be impaired. To date,
no such impairment has been recorded. During 1998, certain of these investments
in privately-held companies became marketable equity securities when the
investees completed initial public offerings. Such investments, which are in
the Internet industry, are subject to significant fluctuations in fair market
value due to the volatility of the stock market, and are recorded as long-term
investments.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time the Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims in
the ordinary course of business, including claims of alleged infringement of
trademarks, copyrights and other intellectual property rights, and a variety of
claims arising in connection with the Company's email, message boards, and other
communications and community features, such as claims alleging defamation and
invasion of privacy. The Company is not currently aware of any legal
proceedings or claims that the Company believes will have, individually or in
the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or
results of operations.
ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES
Yahoo! Inc. made the following unregistered sales of the Company's Common
Stock in the quarter ended March 31, 1999:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRANSACTION AMOUNT OF NAME OF CONSIDERATION PERSONS OR CLASS EXEMPTION
DATE SECURITIES SOLD UNDERWRITER OR RECEIVED OF PERSONS TO FROM
PLACEMENT WHOM THE REGISTRATION
AGENT SECURITIES WERE CLAIMED
SOLD
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1/15/99 50,000 Shares (1) None (1) Members of Section 4(2)
Log-Me- of the
On.Com LLC Securities
Act of 1933,
as amended
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Pursuant to the acquisition of Log-Me-On on January 15, 1999, the Company
issued 50,000 shares of Yahoo! Common Stock and paid $1.5 million in cash
to the members of Log-Me-On. The resale of these shares has been
registered on a Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on February 2, 1999 and amended on March
12, 1999 and March 23, 1999.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
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ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
a. The exhibits listed in the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed as
part of this Report on Form 10-Q.
b. Reports on Form 8-K:
1) On January 13, 1999, the Company filed a report on Form 8-K
announcing (i) Yahoo!'s financial results for the quarter and
year ended December 31, 1998, (ii) a 2-for-1 stock split, and
(iii) the expansion of executive roles.
2) On January 21, 1999, the Company filed a report on Form 8-K/A
which amends the Form 8-K previously filed on June 12, 1998. The
original Form 8-K announced the acquisition of Viaweb and
included unaudited pro forma condensed financial statements which
were adjusted after discussions with the Staff at the Securities
and Exchange Commission regarding the allocation of the Viaweb
purchase price.
3) On January 21, 1999, the Company filed a report on Form 8-K/A
which amends the Form 8-K/A previously filed on November 19,
1998. The original Form 8-K/A included supplementary consolidated
financial statements of Yahoo!, restated for the acquisition of
Yoyodyne, which were adjusted after discussions with the Staff at
the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding the allocation
of the Viaweb purchase price.
4) On January 29, 1999, the Company filed a report on Form 8-K
announcing that they and GeoCities had entered into an Agreement
and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 27, 1999, which sets
forth the terms and conditions of the proposed merger of a
subsidiary of Yahoo! with and into GeoCities pursuant to which
GeoCities will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Yahoo!.
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SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Registrant has
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
YAHOO! INC.
Dated: May 17, 1999 By: /s/ Gary Valenzuela
----------------------
Senior Vice President, Finance
and Administration, and Chief
Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Dated: May 17, 1999 By: /s/ James J. Nelson
----------------------
Vice President, Finance
(Principal Accounting Officer)
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YAHOO! INC.
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit
Title No.
- ----- ---
<S> <C>
* Termination Agreement between Yahoo! Inc. and Rogers Media Inc.
dated January 6, 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.1
Financial Data Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
* confidential treatment requested
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CONFIDENTIAL
CERTAIN INFORMATION IN THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY
WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED WITH RESPECT
TO THE OMITTED PORTIONS.
TERMINATION AGREEMENT
This Termination Agreement ("Agreement") is entered into between
Yahoo! Inc., a California corporation ("Yahoo"), and Rogers Media Inc.
(formerly known as Rogers Multi-Media Inc.), a corporation organized under
the laws of British Columbia ("Rogers"), effective as of the 6th day of
January 1999.
RECITALS:
A. Yahoo and Rogers entered into that certain Yahoo Canada
Affiliation Agreement, dated February 29, 1996 (the "Affiliation Agreement"),
pursuant to which, among other things, Yahoo licensed certain intellectual
property and development rights to Rogers with respect to the Yahoo Internet
Directory and associated Internet services that have been customized and
localized specifically for the Canadian market and which are currently
offered through the Yahoo! Canada website ("Yahoo Canada").
B. In December 1998, pursuant to the terms of the Affiliation
Agreement, each of Yahoo and Rogers formally initiated a dispute resolution
process in order to resolve differences arising under the Affiliation
Agreement.
C. On January 6, 1999, Yahoo and Rogers each executed and
delivered a letter agreement (the "Letter Agreement") pursuant to which the
parties agreed to terminate the Affiliation Agreement and to release each
other from all claims arising out of or relating to the Affiliation Agreement.
D. Pursuant to the terms of the Letter Agreement, Yahoo and Rogers
agreed to enter into this Agreement, which is intended to supersede the
Letter Agreement in its entirety.
AGREEMENT:
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals and the
mutual covenants contained herein, the parties agree to the following terms
and conditions.
1. TERMINATION OF AFFILIATION AGREEMENT. Subject to Section 13
below, Yahoo and Rogers agree that the Affiliation Agreement shall terminate
in its entirety on the Termination Date (as defined below). In connection
therewith, all licenses and other rights and obligations granted under the
Affiliation Agreement shall terminate effective as of the Termination Date.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Affiliation Agreement, no
provisions thereof shall survive its termination. After the Termination
Date, any and all rights and obligations of Yahoo and Rogers shall be
governed exclusively by this Agreement and the exhibits attached hereto and
such other documents contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
Sections 2.7, 2.9 and 2.11 only of the Affiliation Agreement shall terminate
as of February 15, 1999 and neither Yahoo nor Rogers shall be bound by or
have any obligations thereunder as of such date.
<PAGE>
2. CONSIDERATION.
2.1 PAYMENT BY YAHOO. As consideration for entering into
this Agreement, and such other covenants and agreements set forth herein, on
the Termination Date, Yahoo, or its affiliates, shall deliver to Rogers
payments in the aggregate amount of Eighteen Million United States Dollars
(US$18,000,000) (the "Termination Fee") inclusive of any and all sales, use,
consumption, value-added, goods and services or other taxes incurred as a
result of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. The
Termination Fee shall be paid without interest in two installments, each of
which shall be equal to 50% of the Termination Fee as follows:
(a) the first installment shall be paid on the
Termination Date by wire transfer to an account designated by Rogers in the
amount of Nine Million United States Dollars (US $9,000,000); and
(b) the second installment shall be paid in the form
of an unsecured promissory note, bearing interest in accordance with its
terms, substantially in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT A (the
"Promissory Note"), payable in full on April 1, 1999 to Rogers in the amount
of Nine Million United States Dollars (US $9,000,000).
2.2 PAYMENTS BY ROGERS. Rogers shall deliver to Yahoo by
wire transfer to an account designated by Yahoo an aggregate amount equal to
accrued but unpaid royalties due and payable to Yahoo by Rogers under the
Affiliation Agreement as of the Termination Date in two installments to be
paid as follows:
(a) on the Termination Date, an amount equal to the
accrued but unpaid royalties as of January 31, 1999; and
(b) seven (7) days after the Termination Date, an
amount equal to the accrued but unpaid royalties for the period of February
1, 1999 to the Termination Date.
The royalties payable by Rogers to Yahoo pursuant to the Affiliation
Agreement shall be reduced after February 15, 1999 (as such may be prorated)
by the "net loss", if any, incurred by Rogers with respect to the maintenance
and operation of Yahoo Canada from February 15, 1999 until the Termination
Date in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices. The
determination of "net loss" in regard to the maintenance and operation of
Yahoo Canada shall be determined in accordance with Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles as set forth by the Canadian Institute of Chartered
Accountants from time to time. Only those payments, expenses, charges and
other liabilities or accruals directly allocable to the maintenance and
operation of Yahoo Canada by Rogers shall be utilized in determining the "net
loss" of Yahoo Canada. In addition, interest charges for the financing of
Rogers shall not be included in "net loss" other than interest directly
allocable for the maintenance and operation of Yahoo Canada. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the parties agree that in no event shall Yahoo be responsible
for any "net losses" incurred by Rogers in connection with the operation of
Yahoo Canada that
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exceed the royalties payable by Rogers to Yahoo pursuant to the Affiliation
Agreement for the period from February 15, 1999 to the Termination Date.
2.3 ACCOUNTING. Together with the royalty payment payable
by Rogers pursuant to Section 2.2 above, Rogers shall provide Yahoo with a
complete and accurate accounting of the royalties payable by Rogers.
2.4 TAXES. Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.5 of
the Affiliation Agreement in regard to the payment set forth in Section 2.2
above, Rogers shall be solely responsible for the payment of any and all
sales, use, consumption, value-added, goods and services or other taxes
incurred as a result of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby, and Rogers shall be solely responsible for the due and punctual
payment and remittance of all such taxes to all applicable governmental
authorities in Canada. In the event Yahoo is required by law to pay any
interest or penalties in connection with the payment of taxes pursuant to the
Affiliation Agreement as a result of actions or inactions on the part of
Rogers, Rogers agrees to reimburse Yahoo for all such amounts paid and costs
and expenses incurred by Yahoo in connection therewith, provided that Yahoo
gives Rogers reasonable notice of such interest, penalties, costs and
expenses prior to the payment thereof.
3. TERMINATION DATE. The "Termination Date" shall be March 1,
1999.
4. MUTUAL RELEASE. Subject to Section 13 and as of the
Termination Date, the parties each fully release and discharge the other, and
their respective officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents,
and any affiliated corporations or companies from any and all potential and
outstanding legal claims, actions, suits, duties, obligations, contracts,
debts, demands, or causes of action whatsoever ("Claims"), whether known or
unknown, whether in law or in equity, and whether past, future or present,
arising out of, based upon, or relating to the Affiliation Agreement or any
settlement or termination thereof, except for any Claims arising out of this
Agreement.
5. CONTRACTS RELATING TO YAHOO CANADA. Rogers and Yahoo
acknowledge and agree that the termination of the Affiliation Agreement, the
return of certain assets and the assignment of certain contracts by Rogers to
Yahoo is not an acquisition of a business, and except for the contractual
obligations set forth on EXHIBIT B attached hereto (the "Assigned Contracts")
or as otherwise expressly provided herein, Yahoo shall not assume or perform,
and shall not be responsible for performing or satisfying, any of the duties,
liabilities, obligations or agreements of Rogers, whether or not arising out
of or relating to the Affiliation Agreement, including, but not limited to,
any liabilities or other obligations arising in connection with the
employment of Rogers' employees or the termination thereof, taxes,
indebtedness, royalty payments, claims or legal proceedings and contractual
obligations arising on or before the Termination Date. As of the Termination
Date, Rogers assigns and transfers to Yahoo, and Yahoo assumes, all of the
rights and obligations under the Assigned Contracts.
6. RETURN OF ASSETS. As of the Termination Date, Rogers shall
return or cause to be returned to Yahoo all of the assets set forth on
EXHIBIT C attached hereto (the "Returned Assets").
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To the extent Rogers has any interests in such Returned Assets at the
Termination Date, Rogers transfers and assigns to Yahoo, as of the
Termination Date, all of its right, title and interest in and to the Returned
Assets free and clear of any and all liens, claims, equities and encumbrances
of any nature. In the event that the URL "www.yahoo.ca" is not able to be
transferred to Yahoo or its affiliate or designee on or prior to the
Termination Date, Rogers shall license exclusively to Yahoo all rights to use
the URL "www.yahoo.ca" for the period after the Termination Date up to and
including December 31, 1999 in exchange for a royalty of One United States
Dollar (US $1). If not assigned on or prior to the Termination Date, the URL
"www.yahoo.ca" shall be assigned by Rogers to Yahoo or its affiliate or
designee in consideration of One United States Dollar (US $1) on December 31,
1999 or such earlier date as requested in writing by Yahoo.
7. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.
7.1 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF ROGERS. Rogers hereby
represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Termination Date
as follows:
(a) AUTHORITY. Rogers has the requisite corporate
power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement. This Agreement,
and the consummation by Rogers of its obligations contained herein, have been
duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of Rogers and the Agreement
has been duly executed and delivered by Rogers.
(b) BINDING EFFECT. This Agreement is a valid and
binding agreement of Rogers, and is enforceable against Rogers in accordance
with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights
generally, and general principles of equity.
(c) RETURNED ASSETS. To the extent that Rogers has
any interest in the Returned Assets, Rogers has the right, power and
authority to transfer the Returned Assets, and the Returned Assets shall be
transferred to Yahoo, free and clear of all liens, claims, equities and
encumbrances of any type or nature, other than the interests of Yahoo in the
Returned Assets.
(d) CONTRACTS AND COMMITMENTS. Except for the
Assigned Contracts set forth on EXHIBIT B, neither Rogers nor any of its
affiliates, is a party to any contracts, agreements, licenses or commitments
which relate to Yahoo Canada, which could prevent or hinder consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby or which could affect Yahoo's title to
the Returned Assets or the Assigned Contracts or to Rogers' knowledge after
reasonable inquiry, materially affect Yahoo's ability to operate Yahoo
Canada. Rogers has provided Yahoo with true and correct copies of all of the
Assigned Contracts. Each of the Assigned Contracts is a valid and binding
obligation of Rogers and is enforceable in accordance with its terms, except
as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium or
other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally, and general
principles of equity. Rogers is not, and is not aware that any other party
to any of the Assigned Contracts is, in breach of the Assigned Contracts, and
Rogers is not aware of any facts or circumstances that have occurred which,
through the passage of time or the giving of notice, would result in a breach
thereof. Except for the Assigned Contracts, Rogers does not have any debts,
obligations, liabilities or commitments
4
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of any nature relating to Yahoo Canada which may result in any claim against,
or an obligation of, Yahoo.
(e) EMPLOYEES. None of the employees of Rogers who
provide services for Yahoo Canada is a party to a collective bargaining
agreement, a written employment agreement or an oral agreement which would be
binding on Yahoo, with Rogers, or an affiliate of Rogers. To the best of
Rogers' knowledge, no such employee is in violation of any term of any
proprietary information or nondisclosure agreement, non-competition agreement
or any other agreement affecting the relationship between such employee and
Rogers. Rogers has no collective bargaining agreement with any of its
employees and to the best of Rogers' knowledge, there is no labor union
organizing activity pending or threatened, in either case with respect to
Rogers' employees who are employed in connection with Yahoo Canada.
(f) LITIGATION. There is no action, suit, proceeding
or investigation before any court or before or by any governmental
department, agency or authority or before any arbitrator, except for the
disputes between the parties hereto under the Affiliation Agreement, of any
kind, that is pending or, to the best of Rogers' knowledge, threatened
against Rogers relating to Yahoo Canada or which seeks to stay or enjoin the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement or materially impair the
operations of Yahoo Canada.
(g) CONSENTS. Rogers has not contravened or
breached, and Rogers' consummation of, and performance of the obligations
under, this Agreement will not cause any contravention or breach of, any
laws, regulations, approvals, consents, orders, authorizations, registrations
or filings with any governmental agency or third party in any manner or to
any extent, that would interfere with, prevent or limit Rogers' performance
of its obligations under this Agreement or which could have material adverse
effect on the operations of Yahoo Canada.
7.2 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF YAHOO. Yahoo hereby
represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Termination Date
as follows:
(a) AUTHORITY. Yahoo has the requisite corporate
power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement. This Agreement,
and the consummation by Yahoo of its obligations contained herein, have been
duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of Yahoo and the Agreement
has been duly executed and delivered by Yahoo.
(b) BINDING EFFECT. Each of this Agreement and the
Promissory Note, when executed and delivered, shall be a valid and binding
agreement of Yahoo, and is enforceable against Yahoo in accordance with its
terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally, and
general principles of equity.
(c) LITIGATION. There is no action, suit, proceeding
or investigation before any court or before or by any governmental
department, agency or authority or before any arbitrator, except for the
disputes between the parties hereto under the Affiliation Agreement and
applications with respect to Regulatory Consents (as defined in Section 9.4),
of any kind, that is
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pending or, to the best of Yahoo's knowledge, threatened against Yahoo
relating to Yahoo Canada or which seeks to stay or enjoin the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
(d) CONSENTS. All approvals, consents, orders,
authorizations, registrations and filings with any governmental authority or
third party required on the part of Yahoo in connection with the valid
execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby have been obtained, or will be effective, as of the
Termination Date.
8. POST-TERMINATION DATE SERVICES.
8.1 SERVICES BY ROGERS. During the period of time
commencing with the Termination Date and ending on the dates set out in
Exhibit D or in any event not later than May 31, 1999, for no additional
consideration, Rogers shall supply the services to Yahoo set out in EXHIBIT
D.
8.2 SERVICES BY YAHOO. During the period of time commencing
with the Termination Date and ending on the dates set out in Exhibit D or in
any event not later than May 31, 1999, for no additional consideration, Yahoo
shall perform the obligations set out in EXHIBIT D.
8.3 COMPANY REPRESENTATIVES. In order to facilitate the
provision of services contemplated by Section 8, Yahoo and Rogers hereby
appoint Maury Zeff, and Mike Abramsky, or in his absence Brian Segal, as
their respective representatives for this purpose. Each of Yahoo and Rogers
shall cause such representatives to be available upon reasonable notice to
assist in the provision of such Services. All requests for information or
services shall be directed to the representative(s) of the party identified
in EXHIBIT D.
9. OTHER AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS.
9.1 ACCESS TO INFORMATION; AUDITS. From and after the date
hereof and for a period of six (6) months after the Termination Date, Rogers
agrees to permit access to, and shall make available to Yahoo's
representatives, the properties, books and records and such other
documentation of Rogers relating to the operations of Yahoo Canada as may be
reasonably requested by Yahoo to facilitate the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement. For a period of six (6) months following the Termination
Date, Yahoo shall have the right, upon five (5) business days notice and at
its own expense, to audit during regular business hours the books and records
of Rogers that are relevant to the royalty payment pursuant to Section 2.2 of
this Agreement.
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9.2 FURTHER ASSURANCES. Each of the parties hereto shall
use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to
do, or cause to be done, all other things reasonably necessary, proper or
advisable to consummate as promptly as practicable the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, each of the parties shall use good faith efforts to provide the
services set forth in Section 8, subject to the limitations set forth in
Section 16.4.
9.3 REGULATORY MATTERS. Rogers and Yahoo shall each use
commercially reasonable efforts to obtain and assist the other party to
obtain promptly all U.S. and Canadian regulatory and governmental approvals,
consents, authorizations and filings which such other party deems advisable,
upon the advice of legal counsel, and of which such party provided written
notice prior to the Termination Date ("Regulatory Consents").
9.4 NOTICE OF CLAIMS. In the event that Rogers receives or
is provided notice of any claim or threatened suit, action or proceeding
prior to the Termination Date that it reasonably believes is likely to rise
to the level of any suit, action or proceeding described in Section 13.1(d),
Rogers shall provide notice of same to Yahoo as soon as practicable.
9.5 CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS. Neither party shall induce
or encourage any former employee of the other party to disclose any
Confidential Information of the other party, breach any duties or obligations
owed to the other party, or breach any non-disclosure, confidentiality or
employment agreement of such former employee with the other party.
10. ROGERS' EMPLOYEES. Rogers acknowledges that Yahoo shall not
have, and is not under, any obligation to employ any of the Rogers' employees
who provide services that relate to Yahoo Canada. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, Rogers agrees that Yahoo shall not be
responsible for performing or satisfying any of the liabilities or
obligations of Rogers relating to any employees of Rogers, including, but not
limited to, employee benefits, severance or termination payments, arising on
or prior to the Termination Date. Rogers further acknowledges, however, that
Yahoo may desire, but is not obligated, to employ a limited number of key
employees of Rogers' dedicated to Yahoo Canada and listed in EXHIBIT E, and
Rogers agrees not to interfere with the employment by Yahoo of such employees
listed on EXHIBIT E. Rogers agrees to provide Yahoo with all information
relating to the compensation and benefits of the employees listed on EXHIBIT
E, including, without limitation, all termination, severance, holiday,
vacation, pregnancy and parental leave benefits and accruals related thereto,
except to the extent that providing such information would violate
confidentiality obligations of Rogers. For greater certainty, nothing in this
Agreement shall preclude Rogers from dealing with its employees listed in
EXHIBIT E in the normal course, including offering raises and bonuses in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practices. Nothing in this
Agreement shall preclude Rogers from attempting to retain any of its
employees not listed in EXHIBIT E. All liabilities or obligations relating
to any employees of Yahoo who are former employees of Rogers arising after
such employee terminates his or her employment with Rogers shall be the
responsibility of Yahoo. All liabilities or obligations relating to any
employees of Rogers not employed by Yahoo after the Termination Date shall
remain the responsibility of Rogers.
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11. CONFIDENTIALITY.
11.1 CONFIDENTIALITY COVENANT. All information concerning
each party to this Agreement, whether disclosed prior to or after the date
hereof, including, without limitation, all commercial, financial, sales,
marketing, technological, customer and software information, is deemed to be
proprietary and confidential information of the disclosing party
("Confidential Information"). Each party agrees not to disclose or use,
other than as required to perform its obligations under this Agreement, the
other party's Confidential Information in any manner whatsoever without the
prior written consent of the disclosing party. Each of the parties hereto
shall cause its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents
("Representatives") to observe the terms of this Section 11 and will be
responsible for any breach of this Section 11 by any of its Representatives.
Confidential Information does not include information that (a) is or becomes
publicly available other than by disclosure by the receiving party, (b) is or
becomes available to the receiving party from a source that is not prohibited
from disclosing such information, (c) is or was known to the receiving party
prior to receipt of such information by the disclosing party, as evidenced by
prior written records of the receiving party, or (d) is required to be
disclosed, on the advice of legal counsel, by law, regulation or legal
process; provided, where not precluded by law, regulation or legal process,
the receiving party provides the disclosing party with reasonable notice of
such obligation to allow the disclosing party sufficient time to object.
Except for that Confidential Information that the receiving party is required
to maintain by law or regulation, such as accounting records, invoices and
sales reports, as soon as practicable after the Termination Date, the
recipient of any Confidential Information of the other party hereto shall (a)
promptly destroy such Confidential Information in its possession or (b)
promptly deliver to the disclosing party such Confidential Information, at
the option of the disclosing party. In the event of any conflict between
this Section 11 and the Affiliation Agreement with respect to obligations of
confidentiality prior to the Termination Date, this Section 11 shall prevail.
11.2 CERTAIN ROGERS INFORMATION INCLUDED. The parties
agree, confirm and acknowledge that, except as provided in this Section 11.2,
all Rogers' customers, subscribers, advertisers and all Canadian market
information, and all information concerning such customers, subscribers,
advertisers and the Canadian market (including without limitation their
identity and the identity of the Yahoo System in their possession, as defined
in the Affiliation Agreement), shall be (and is hereby deemed to be) the sole
and exclusive property, and confidential information, of Rogers, and shall be
included in the definition of Rogers' "Confidential Information" set out in
Section 11.1 hereof. Rogers hereby grants Yahoo an unrestricted, perpetual
and royalty-free right to use all information provided to Yahoo by Rogers
pursuant to this Agreement for its internal commercial purposes.
12. YAHOO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. Yahoo retains all rights, title
and interest in and to its trade secrets, trademarks, know-how, copyrights,
patents, trade dress and other proprietary rights ("Yahoo Intellectual
Property") that were licensed to Rogers under the Affiliation Agreement or
otherwise a subject of the Affiliation Agreement and nothing contained in the
Affiliation Agreement, this Agreement or otherwise shall be deemed to grant
Rogers any interest therein. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, after the date hereof, Rogers shall have
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no right to use any of the Yahoo Intellectual Property in any manner
whatsoever, except as mutually agreed for purposes of providing services
under Section 8. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Yahoo acknowledges that
nothing in this Agreement shall preclude Rogers from retaining and using all
industry and trade knowledge, know-how and intellectual property of general
application which was not acquired or developed by Rogers for the primary
purpose of, and primarily in connection with Yahoo Canada or such
intellectual property rights, developed by or on behalf of Rogers as Rogers
Yahoo Canada Intellectual Property (as defined in the Affiliation Agreement),
that are listed on EXHIBIT F attached hereto.
13. CONDITIONS TO CLOSING.
13.1 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO OBLIGATIONS OF YAHOO. The
obligations of Yahoo to consummate the transactions contemplated under this
Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following
conditions prior to or as of the Termination Date:
(a) UNDISCLOSED LIABILITIES. There shall be no
liability of Rogers, contingent or otherwise, other than the Assigned
Contracts, which would become material obligations of Yahoo as a result of
the transactions contemplated hereby.
(b) CONSENTS. All material consents or
authorizations required pursuant to the Assigned Contracts shall have been
obtained.
(c) LITIGATION. There shall not be any injunction,
court order or order of an administrative tribunal (A) staying or enjoining
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without
limitation, Yahoo's ownership rights relating to Yahoo Canada or the Returned
Assets or (B) otherwise materially impairing the operations of Yahoo Canada.
(d) URL. Rogers shall have caused Yahoo
Communications, Inc. to convey, or if unable to do so as contemplated in
Section 6 hereof, to license, the URL "yahoo.ca" to Yahoo, or an affiliate or
designee of Yahoo, and to change its corporate name such that there is no
reference to the name Yahoo or any confusingly similar variant.
(e) ROYALTY PAYMENTS. Yahoo shall have received the
first of the royalty payments set forth in Section 2.2 of this Agreement.
13.2 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO OBLIGATIONS OF ROGERS. The
obligations of Rogers to consummate the transactions contemplated under this
Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following
conditions prior to or as of the Termination Date:
(a) LITIGATION. There shall not be any injunction,
court order or order of an administrative tribunal staying or enjoining the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(b) PAYMENTS BY YAHOO. Rogers shall have received
the first installment of the Termination Fee and the Promissory Note, or
payment in lieu thereof, in the
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amount of the second installment of the Termination Fee.
14. TERMINATION. This Agreement shall terminate upon the earliest
of (a) at the option of Rogers, the failure to satisfy any of the conditions
set forth in Section 13.2 hereof as of the Termination Date, or (b) at the
option of Yahoo, the failure to satisfy any of the conditions set forth in
Section 13.1 hereof as of the Termination Date. Upon termination of this
Agreement for any reason (i) Yahoo and Rogers shall each continue to be bound
by the terms of the Affiliation Agreement, and each party shall perform its
respective obligations thereunder, as such obligations existed immediately
prior to the execution of the Letter Agreement; and (ii) either party may
proceed with the dispute resolution process requirements of the Affiliation
Agreement with respect to the Disputes (as defined in Section 15 below).
15. DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESS. Yahoo and Rogers agree that the
dispute resolution process requirements of the Affiliation Agreement with
respect to the disputes (the "Disputes") set forth in Rogers' letter of
December 8, 1998 and Yahoo's letter of December 9, 1998 are suspended and
that neither party shall take any additional steps or proceedings to
prosecute such Disputes, or to otherwise pursue the Disputes under the
provisions of the Affiliation Agreement, during the term of this Agreement.
In the event of a termination of this Agreement for any reason, either party
may proceed with the dispute resolution process set forth in the Affiliation
Agreement regarding the Disputes. Upon consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, the arbitration proceedings initiated under
the Affiliation Agreement with respect to the Disputes shall irrevocably
terminate.
16. LIABILITY
16.1 INDEMNIFICATION BY ROGERS. Rogers shall indemnify and
hold harmless Yahoo against any and all losses, liabilities, claims and
expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and costs ("Losses"),
sustained by Yahoo resulting from, arising out of, or in connection with (i)
any material inaccuracy in, breach of, or non-fulfillment of any
representation, warranty, covenant or other obligation of Rogers contained in
this Agreement, (ii) any liability or obligation of Rogers not specifically
assumed by Yahoo or (iii) any claim by a third party or governmental or
regulatory authority relating to the period prior to the Termination Date and
in respect of which Rogers would have been required to indemnify Yahoo under
subsection 5.2(2) of the Affiliation Agreement if that Agreement were not
terminated; provided that the indemnification procedures and any remedies to
enforce such obligations shall be governed solely by this Agreement.
16.2 INDEMNIFICATION BY YAHOO. Yahoo shall indemnify and
hold harmless Rogers against any and all Losses sustained by Rogers resulting
from, arising out of, or in connection with (i) any material inaccuracy in,
breach of, or non-fulfilment of any representation, warranty, covenant or
agreement made by or other obligation of Yahoo contained in this Agreement
and/or the Promissory Note, (ii) Yahoo's failure to satisfy or otherwise
discharge any obligations under the Assigned Contracts after the Termination
Date, (iii) any claim by a third party or governmental or regulatory
authority relating to Yahoo's operation of Yahoo Canada after the
Termination Date, (iv) any claim by a third party or
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governmental or regulatory authority relating to the period prior to the
Termination Date and in respect of which Yahoo would have been required to
indemnify Rogers under subsection 5.2(1) of the Affiliation Agreement if that
Agreement were not terminated, provided that the indemnification procedures
and any remedies to enforce such obligations shall be governed solely by this
Agreement, and (v) any actual or threatened claim that the performance by
Rogers of its obligations under this Agreement after the Termination Date,
infringes, breaches, or harms in any manner or to any extent the Intellectual
Property Rights (as that term is defined in the Affiliation Agreement) of any
other person, provided Rogers acts in a commercially reasonable manner.
16.3 PROCEDURES. In the event any third party asserts any
claim with respect to any matter as to which the indemnities in this
Agreement relate, the party against whom the claim is asserted (the
"Indemnified Party") shall give prompt notice to the other party (the
"Indemnifying Party"), and the Indemnifying Party shall have the right at its
election to take over the defense or settlement of the third party claim at
its own expense by giving prompt notice to the Indemnified Party. If the
Indemnifying Party does not give such notice and does not proceed diligently
so to defend the third party claim within 30 days after receipt of the notice
of the third party claim, the Indemnifying Party shall be bound by any
defense or settlement that the Indemnified Party may make as to those claims
and shall reimburse the Indemnified Party for its Losses and expenses related
to the defense or settlement of the third party claim. The parties shall
cooperate in defending against any asserted third party claims. For purposes
of this Section 16, the indemnification of the Indemnified Party shall also
include the indemnification of the Indemnified Party's employees, agents,
affiliates, and third parties performing services for the Indemnified Party.
16.4 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. Any claim under this Agreement
with respect to any breach of warranty by either party must be brought within
eighteen months of the Termination Date. Rogers and Yahoo each agree that
each party's liability to the other party for any and all direct harm,
liability, expense, cost, loss or damage, whether in negligence, tort,
equity, contract or otherwise, arising out of, or in connection with, this
Agreement shall be strictly limited in the aggregate, in respect of each and
all incidences or occurrences, to US$18 million, provided that Rogers'
liability arising out of, or in connection with Section 8.1 shall be strictly
limited in the aggregate to US$500,000. EXCEPT WITH RESPECT TO THE
PROVISIONS OF SECTIONS 16.1 AND 16.2 HEREOF, UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL
EITHER PARTY BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY FOR ANY INDIRECT, THIRD PARTY,
SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR EXEMPLARY EXPENSES, COSTS, LIABILITY,
LOSS, OR DAMAGE WHATSOEVER (EVEN IF THAT PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF SUCH
DAMAGES.)
17. PUBLICITY. Neither party to this Agreement shall publicly
disclose the existence or nature of this Agreement without the consent of the
other party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided, however,
that either party may, without the prior consent of the other party, issue a
press release or otherwise publicly disclose this Agreement if, upon the
advice of legal counsel, such disclosure is required by law or the rules or
regulations governing the securities exchange on which such party's
securities are registered for trading; provided further, however,
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that such party shall use its best efforts to provide twenty-four (24) hours
prior notice of such required release.
18. MISCELLANEOUS.
18.1 GOVERNING LAW; VENUE. This Agreement will be governed
by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York
applicable to contracts between residents of that State and executed in and
to be performed in that State. The parties hereto agree that any claim, suit
or action brought to enforce the terms of this Agreement shall be brought in
the State of New York before a judge alone and the parties hereby consent to
the personal jurisdiction of such State.
18.2 ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement and the exhibits
hereto constitute the entire agreement between the parties hereto relating to
the subject matter hereof and shall supersede and replace in its entirety the
Letter Agreement. There are not and shall not be any oral statements,
representations, warranties, undertakings or agreements between the parties.
18.3 AMENDMENTS; WAIVER. This Agreement may not be amended
or modified in any respect except by written instrument signed by the parties
hereto. No waiver of any provision of this agreement or any breach hereunder
shall be valid or effective unless such waiver is set forth in writing and
signed by the party giving such waiver; and no such waiver shall be deemed a
waiver of any subsequent breach of the same or similar nature or any other
breach of the other party.
18.4 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in several
counterparts which shall constitute one agreement. Facsimile signatures
shall be binding.
18.5 ASSIGNMENT. This Agreement may not be assigned without
the written consent of the parties hereto; provided, however, that either
party shall be entitled to assign its rights hereunder, in whole or in part,
to one or more of its affiliates. This Agreement shall be binding upon and
inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the parties
hereto.
18.6 ATTORNEYS' FEES. Should any lawsuit, action or
proceeding be brought to enforce the rights or obligations relating to this
Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to be reimbursed by the
other party for all reasonable attorneys' fees, expenses and costs incurred
as a result thereof.
18.7 SEVERABILITY. In case any provision of this Agreement
shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, it shall, to the extent
practicable, be modified so as to make it valid, legal and enforceable and to
retain as nearly as practicable the intent of the parties, and the validity,
legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way
be affected or impaired thereby.
18.8 NOTICES. All notices and other communications required
or permitted
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hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon
personal delivery, one day following mailing by a reputable overnight courier
or by facsimile transmission with confirmation of receipt or five business
days following mailing by registered or certified mail addressed: (i) if to
Yahoo, 3420 Central Expressway, Santa Clara, California 95051, facsimile
number (408) 731-3400, attn: Heather Killen and Douglas P. Feick, or (ii) if
to Rogers, 777 Bay Street, Toronto, Canada M5W 1A7, facsimile number (416)
593-3175, attn: Timothy Root, with a copy to 333 Bloor Street East, 10th
Floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M4W 1G9, facsimile number: (416) 935-3548,
attn: David Miller, or at such other address or facsimile number as either
Yahoo or Rogers shall have furnished to the other party.
18.9 MUTUAL DRAFTING. Each party has cooperated in the
negotiations, drafting, and preparing of this Agreement. Therefore, no
provision of this Agreement shall be construed against any party by reason of
the fact that such party or its legal counsel was the draftsperson of such
provision.
18.10 HEADINGS. The headings of the paragraphs of this
Agreement are included for purposes of convenience only and shall not affect
the interpretation of any of its provisions.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be
executed by officers duly authorized as of the date first written above.
YAHOO! INC.
By:
-----------------------------------
Its:
-----------------------------------
ROGERS MEDIA INC.
By:
-----------------------------------
Its:
-----------------------------------
By:
-----------------------------------
Its:
-----------------------------------
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EXHIBIT A
FORM OF PROMISSORY NOTE
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, Yahoo! Inc. hereby promises to pay to or to the
order of Rogers Media Inc. on or before April 1, 1999 the principal amount of
$9,000,000, in lawful money of the United States of America, together with
any interest accrued thereon as hereinafter provided.
The principal amount under this promissory note (the "Note")
remaining unpaid and outstanding from time to time shall bear interest from
and after the business day following April 1, 1999, at a rate equal to the
Prime Rate plus one percent per annum, compounded and payable monthly in
arrears on the last business day of each month. All compounded interest
hereunder remaining unpaid and outstanding from time to time shall bear
interest at the same rate and shall be compounded in the same manner as the
unpaid principal amount hereof. Such interest shall accrue on a day-to-day
basis.
For the purposes of this Note, "Prime Rate" shall mean a rate per
annum equal to the annual variable rate of interest quoted or published from
time to time as the prime rate of interest charged by the Royal Bank of
Canada for commercial loans in United States dollars made by it in Canada.
The whole or any part of the principal amount of this Note may be
prepaid by the undersigned at any time or from time to time without notice,
bonus or penalty of any kind.
The undersigned hereby waives presentment for payment, notice of
non-payment, protest and notice of protest and hereby agrees to pay all
reasonable costs and expenses (including all reasonable legal costs) paid or
incurred in collecting any amount due and payable hereunder after demand for
payment thereof has been made.
This Note shall enure to the benefit of the holder hereof and its
successors and assigns and shall be binding on the undersigned and its
successors and assigns.
This Note shall be governed by and construed and enforced in
accordance with the laws of the State of New York and the federal laws of the
United States of America applicable therein. The undersigned hereby attorns
to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York.
DATED as of the ___th day of ______________, 1999.
YAHOO! INC.
By:
----------------------------------
Its:
-----------------------------------
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EXHIBIT B
ASSIGNED CONTRACTS
- - Linking Agreement between Rogers and Microsoft Network, LLC, dated
January 23, 1998. (The consent to assignment required pursuant to
this Agreement shall not be a material consent for the purposes of
Section 13 hereof).
- - Advertising and Insertion Orders set forth on Schedule 1 attached
hereto, together with such additional advertising orders for Yahoo
Canada that may be entered into up to the Termination Date.
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SCHEDULE 1
TO EXHIBIT B
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INSERTION ORDER $
<S> <C>
[*] [*]
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[*]
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[*] CERTAIN INFORMATION IN THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY
WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED WITH RESPECT
TO THE OMITTED PORTIONS.
</TABLE>
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EXHIBIT C
RETURNED ASSETS
- - URL (www.yahoo.ca) for Yahoo Canada
- - Products and merchandise that incorporate Yahoo brand features.
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EXHIBIT D
POST-TERMINATION SERVICES/OBLIGATIONS
COORDINATORS:
ROGERS COORDINATORS. Questions and requests for information from Yahoo! Inc.
("Yahoo") should be directed in writing, whether by e-mail or facsimile,
first to [*] and then to the following representatives from Rogers Media Inc.
("Rogers"):
- Technical issues for platform, DNS, hosting, etc.: [*]
- Technical issues for content feeds and content partners: [*]
- Sales, ad serving and insertion order issues: [*]
- Financial reconciliation issues: [*]
- All other general issues: [*]
YAHOO COORDINATORS. Questions and requests for information from Rogers should
be directed by email (or in writing, if necessary, by facsimile), to [*] and
to the following representatives from Yahoo! Inc. ("Yahoo"), as applicable:
- Technical, hosting and engineering issues: [*]
- Sales, ad serving and insertion order issues: [*]
- Financial issues: [*]
- Content and production issues: [*]
- Marketing, PR and communication issues: [*]; and
- All other general issues: [*].
OBLIGATIONS OF YAHOO AND ROGERS:
HOSTING:
ROGERS OBLIGATIONS:
- Rogers shall, until two weeks after Rogers has sent written
authorization to the Canadian domain registry to transfer
"www.yahoo.ca" to Yahoo, continue operating and maintaining
"www.yahoo.ca" in the ordinary course of business, consistent with
past practices, and agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts not
to cause any disruptions or cessation of Yahoo's services in Canada.
- Rogers will assist in the switchover in terms of file transfer
assistance, remote machine access, and any other server aid required
during this switchover. Any such
[*] CERTAIN INFORMATION IN THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY
WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED WITH RESPECT
TO THE OMITTED PORTIONS.
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requests for assistance shall be sent in writing to the appropriate
Coordinator for Rogers. Rogers will use reasonable efforts to
respond to requests in a timely fashion.
- Except as may be required by law or regulation, Rogers will
permanently remove and destroy all Confidential Information of Yahoo
in its possession within 10 business days after its servers are
switched off, but in any event no later than March 31, 1999. Rogers
will provide Yahoo with a letter confirming such removal and
destruction.
- Rogers will assist in the transfer of "www.yahoo.ca" to Yahoo,
including providing its assent to the CA Domain Registrar requesting
the transfer of the "www.yahoo.ca" domain from Yahoo Communications
Inc. to a Canadian corporation owned by Yahoo. As soon as
practicable, Rogers shall send written authorization to the Canadian
domain registry to transfer "www.yahoo.ca" to Yahoo.
YAHOO OBLIGATIONS:
- Yahoo shall be responsible for the set up and operations of its
servers.
- Yahoo shall be responsible for the transfer of the "www.yahoo.ca"
domain to Yahoo and the transition and propagation of the IP address
through the Internet; provided that Rogers shall provide its assent to
the transfer as soon as practicable.
- Except as may be required by law or regulation or as otherwise
provided in the Termination Agreement, Yahoo will permanently remove
and destroy all Confidential Information of Rogers in its possession
within 10 business days after the transfer of the URL, but in any
event no later than March 31, 1999. Yahoo will provide Rogers with a
letter confirming such removal and destruction.
AD SERVING AND SALES:
ROGERS OBLIGATIONS:
- On the Termination Date, Rogers shall provide a final sales reports
for each account up to March 1, 1999.
- On the Termination Date, Rogers shall provide a list of current,
active 'high-level' prospects to Yahoo up to March 1, 1999.
- Rogers shall provide a final sales report for each current account
on the Termination Date. In addition, within 15 days of the
Termination Date, Rogers shall provide a list of accounts, together
with any available contact information, that were approached during
the previous 12 month period by Rogers personnel assigned to sell
advertising on Yahoo Canada and for which Rogers has maintained a
written record (e.g., ACT information maintained by [*] and [*]).
For the period from the Termination Date to March 31, 1999, to the
extent Yahoo requires any additional explanation about specific
accounts, Rogers will attempt to answer any questions directed to
the appropriate Coordinator on a timely basis.
YAHOO OBLIGATIONS
- From the date of transition of the ad serving operations from Rogers
to Yahoo, but in any event no later than the Termination Date, Yahoo
shall be responsible for ad
[*] CERTAIN INFORMATION IN THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY
WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED WITH RESPECT
TO THE OMITTED PORTIONS.
21
<PAGE>
serving, including ensuring the correct content and placement of
all advertising on the site.
- Following the Termination Date, Yahoo shall be responsible for all
sales activities and pre-sales and post-sales communications with
advertising customers.
BILLING, RECONCILIATION, FINANCE:
ROGERS OBLIGATIONS:
- Rogers shall have billed all accounts to the end of February, and will
prepare a final reconciliation of accounts, costs and royalty
obligations as of February 15, 1999 and the Termination Date, so that
Yahoo receives the appropriate portion of royalties (determined on the
basis of number of days) up to the Termination Date, for which
purposes account shall be taken of any "net loss" of Rogers, as
contemplated by Section 2.2 of the Termination Agreement. Rogers
shall provide a complete accounting of any such "net losses" and the
calculation of the amounts payable to Yahoo.
- Rogers shall provide to Yahoo complete copies of all current, active
advertising and insertion orders and all creative and other salient
information regarding such advertising and insertion orders.
- As soon as practicable, but in any event no later than March 31, 1999,
Rogers shall provide Yahoo with the following financial materials.
For the period from the Termination Date until March 31, 1999, to the
extent Yahoo requires any additional explanation regarding the
financial materials, Rogers will attempt to answer any questions
directed to the appropriate Coordinator on a timely basis.
1. Listing of all invoices by month from inception to
Termination Date.
2. Listing of all cash receipts from inception to Termination
Date.
3. Listing of all adjustments and bad debts from inception to
Termination Date.
4. Overall proof and reconciliation of accounts receivable
balance and royalty revenues.
5. Detail of any unbilled receivables, if any, as of the
Termination Date.
6. Detail of current deferred revenue (unmet page view
obligations, prepaid campaigns) as of the Termination Date.
YAHOO OBLIGATIONS:
- Yahoo shall be responsible for all subsequent billing of accounts from
and after March 1, 1999.
CONTENT:
YAHOO OBLIGATIONS:
- From the date of transition of the site hosting operations from Rogers
to Yahoo, Yahoo shall be responsible for all content on Yahoo Canada
site.
22
<PAGE>
STAFF, RETURNED ASSETS AND OTHER MATTERS:
ROGERS OBLIGATIONS:
- Rogers will arrange to redirect in a timely manner to Yahoo any
correspondence, email, payments or other materials it receives in
respect of Yahoo Canada after the Termination Date.
- As soon as practicable following the Termination Date, Rogers shall
send the tangible Returned Assets to The Exchange Tower, 1800-130 King
Street West, Office #1871, Toronto, Ontario M5X 1E3. Rogers shall
provide notice to Yahoo prior to shipment.
YAHOO OBLIGATIONS:
- Yahoo will arrange to redirect to Rogers in a timely manner any
correspondence, email, payments or other materials its receives
through the "www.yahoo.ca" site or otherwise after the Termination
Date that relates to Rogers or to Yahoo Canada prior to the
Termination Date.
23
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT E
KEY YAHOO CANADA EMPLOYEES
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*] CERTAIN INFORMATION IN THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY
WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED WITH RESPECT
TO THE OMITTED PORTIONS.
24
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT F
ROGERS YAHOO CANADA INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
All industry and trade knowledge, know-how and intellectual property of
general application which was not acquired or developed by Rogers for the
primary purpose of, and primarily in connection with Yahoo Canada, and the
following modifications, revisions, additions, customizations and
enhancements made by Rogers to the Yahoo Internet Directory pursuant to the
Affiliation Agreement:
- Application software for parsing Canadian Press news feed
- Today's News
- Weekly Picks
- NHL
- Holiday Shop Online
After execution of this Agreement and prior to the Termination Date,
Yahoo shall perform a review of the Rogers Yahoo Canada Intellectual Property
(as defined in the Affiliation Agreement), together with other Rogers
intellectual property associated and used with Yahoo Canada, to determine its
applicability in connection with the maintenance and operation of Yahoo
Canada. In the event that Yahoo determines, at any time within one month
after the Termination Date, that any such Rogers Yahoo Canada Intellectual
Property or other Rogers intellectual property associated and used with Yahoo
Canada is reasonably necessary for the maintenance and operation of Yahoo
Canada, then as of the Termination Date Rogers shall grant to Yahoo a
non-exclusive, perpetual royalty-free license to use same for maintenance and
operation of Yahoo Canada following the Termination Date. THE FOREGOING
LICENSES SHALL BE PROVIDED "AS IS", AND ROGERS HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, WITH RESPECT TO THE FOREGOING
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
25
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE YAHOO!
INC. FORM 10-Q FOR THE PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 1999 AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS
ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 3-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1999
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1999
<PERIOD-END> MAR-31-1999
<CASH> 184,463
<SECURITIES> 251,858
<RECEIVABLES> 32,701
<ALLOWANCES> 5,825
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 472,321
<PP&E> 30,271
<DEPRECIATION> 10,346
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 791,679
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 102,094
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 24
<OTHER-SE> 683,545
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 791,679
<SALES> 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 86,064
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 9,697
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 55,714
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 0
<INCOME-PRETAX> 26,943
<INCOME-TAX> 10,508
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 16,435
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 16,435
<EPS-PRIMARY> 0.08<F1>
<EPS-DILUTED> 0.07
<FN>
<F1>reflects basic EPS according to SFAS 128
</FN>
</TABLE>