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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2000
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Registration No. 333-_____
==============================================================================================================================
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
____________________________________
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
__________________________________
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
<S> <C> <C>
Cayman Islands 1044 NOT APPLICABLE
(State or Other Jurisdiction of (Primary standard industrial (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization) classification code number) Identification Number)
____________________________________
Caledonian House, Ground Floor
69 Jennette Street
George Town, Grand Cayman
Cayman Islands, British West Indies
(345) 949-0050
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of
Registrant's Principal Executive Offices)
Thomas S. Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer
Apex Silver Mines Corporation
1700 Lincoln Street, Suite 3050
Denver, Colorado 80203
(303) 839-5060
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code,
of Agent for Service)
____________________________________
With a copy to:
PATRICK J. DOOLEY, ESQ. DEBORAH J. FRIEDMAN, ESQ.
JAMES E. KAYE, ESQ. Davis, Graham & Stubbs, LLP
Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P. 370 Seventeenth Street
590 Madison Avenue Denver, Colorado 80202
New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (303) 892-9400
Telephone: (202) 872-1000
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable on or after the effective date of this
Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415
under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please
check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]______________
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and
list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
[ ]________________
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and
list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
[ ]________________
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. [ ]-------------------
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
===================================================================================================================================
Proposed Maximum Amount of
Title of Shares to be Registered Aggregate Offering Price (1) Registration Fee
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ordinary Shares, par value $0.01 per share.............................. $200,000,000 $52,800
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Warrants................................................................
===================================================================================================================================
(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended.
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date
until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter
become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement
shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
===================================================================================================================================
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SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MARCH 30, 2000
PROSPECTUS
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
______________ORDINARY SHARES
_______________WARRANTS TO PURCHASE ORDINARY SHARES AND
_______________ORDINARY SHARES UNDERLYING THE WARRANTS
This is a public offering of . ordinary shares, . warrants and . ordinary
shares underlying the warrants of Apex Silver Mines Limited. Each warrant
entitles the holder to purchase one ordinary share at the exercise price of $.
per share.
You should read this prospectus carefully before you invest.
Our company's ordinary shares are listed on the American Stock Exchange
under the symbol "SIL." On March ., 2000, the last reported sale price for our
ordinary shares on the AMEX composite index was $. per share.
Investing in these securities involves significant risks. See the Risk
Factors section beginning on page 3.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
__________________________
Per Per
Share Warrant Total
----- ------- -----
Public offering $. $. $.
price.................................
Proceeds, before expenses, to us....... $. $. $.
_________________________
We may sell the securities to or through dealers, directly to other
purchasers or through agents.
The date of this prospectus is March ., 2000.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may
not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, hereafter, the SEC, is effective. This
prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an
offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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[General Location Map]
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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SUMMARY............................................................................... 1
RISK FACTORS.......................................................................... 3
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS............................................................ 12
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK............................ 14
USE OF PROCEEDS....................................................................... 14
PRICE RANGE OF OUR COMMON STOCK....................................................... 15
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA.................................................. 16
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION.. 17
OUR BUSINESS.......................................................................... 20
REPUBLIC OF BOLIVIA................................................................... 28
METALS MARKET OVERVIEW................................................................ 32
MANAGEMENT............................................................................ 34
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND OTHER INFORMATION.......................................... 43
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS AND MANAGEMENT........................... 46
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.................................................................. 48
DESCRIPTION OF ORDINARY SHARES........................................................ 49
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS............................................................... 51
TRANSFER AGENT........................................................................ 54
OTHER CLASS OR SERIES OF SHARES....................................................... 54
DIFFERENCES IN CORPORATE LAW.......................................................... 54
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECTS OF ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION...................................... 56
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION.................................................................. 57
LEGAL MATTERS......................................................................... 58
EXPERTS............................................................................... 58
CONVERSION TABLE...................................................................... 58
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION................................................... 58
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS............................................. 58
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<PAGE>
SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information from this document and may not
contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand the
terms of our securities, you should carefully read this document. You should
also read the documents to which we have referred you in "Where You Can Find
More Information" below for additional information on our company and our
financial statements.
Our Business
Apex Silver Mines Limited explores and develops silver properties in South
America, Mexico and Central America. We have one of the largest, most
diversified portfolios of privately owned and controlled silver exploration
properties in the world. Our exploration efforts have produced our first
development project, the San Cristobal project located in southern Bolivia.
None of our properties are in production, and, consequently, we have no current
operating income or cash flow.
Our Offices
We maintain our principal executive offices at Caledonian House, 69
Jennette Street, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies.
Our telephone number is (345) 949-0050.
As used in this prospectus, Apex Limited, our company, we and our refer
collectively to Apex Silver Mines Limited, its predecessors, subsidiaries and
affiliates or to one or more of them as the context may require, and Apex
Corporation refers to Apex Silver Mines Corporation.
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The Offering
Ordinary Shares........................ . Shares
Warrants for Ordinary Shares........... . Warrants
Ordinary Shares to be outstanding
after the offering(1).................. . Shares
Net Proceeds........................... $. million
Use of Proceeds........................ We intend to use the net proceeds for
one or more of the following:
. constructing and developing the San
Cristobal project;
. exploring and developing properties
in our portfolio;
. maintaining control or ownership of
our properties, including making
ongoing lease and royalty payments
and paying other maintenance and
registration fees;
. acquiring additional mining related
properties or businesses; and
. financing other general corporate
purposes.
American Stock Exchange Symbol for the
Ordinary Shares ..................... SIL
American Stock Exchange Symbol for the
Warrants ............................. --
-----------------
(1) Assumes the exercise of all outstanding warrants, including the presently
outstanding 4,088,158 warrants to purchase ordinary shares and excludes
ordinary shares reserved for issuance pursuant to options that were or may
be granted pursuant to our Employee Share Option Plan and Non-employee
Director Share Option Plan. See "Executive Compensation--Share Option
Plans".
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RISK FACTORS
Prospective purchasers of our securities should consider carefully, in
addition to the other information contained in this prospectus, the following
risk factors:
No Production History - we have not mined any silver or other metals.
Our company has no history of producing silver or other metals. The
development of our economically feasible properties will require the
construction or rehabilitation and operation of mines, processing plants and
related infrastructure. As a result, we are subject to all of the risks
associated with establishing new mining operations and business enterprises. We
cannot assure you that we will successfully establish mining operations or
profitably produce silver or other metals at any of our properties.
History of Losses - we expect losses to continue for at least the next three
years.
As an exploration and development company that has no production history,
we have incurred losses since our inception, and we expect to continue to incur
additional losses for at least the next three years. As of December 31, 1999,
we had an accumulated deficit of $47.8 million. We cannot assure you that we
will achieve or sustain profitability in the future.
Potential Inaccuracy of the Reserves and Other Mineralization Estimates
Unless otherwise indicated, reserves and other mineralization figures we
present in our filings with the SEC, press releases and other public statements
that we may make from time to time are based on estimates of contained silver
and other metals made by independent geologists and/or our own personnel. These
estimates are imprecise and depend on geological interpretation and statistical
inferences drawn from drilling and sampling which may prove to be unreliable.
We cannot assure you that:
. these estimates will be accurate;
. reserves and other mineralization figures will be accurate; or
. reserves or mineralization could be mined and processed profitably.
Since we have not commenced production on any of our properties, reserves
and other mineralization estimates for these properties may require adjustments
or downward revisions based on actual production experience. Extended declines
in market prices for silver, zinc and lead may render portions of our reserves
uneconomic and result in reduced reported reserves. Any material reductions in
estimates of our reserves and other mineralization, or of our ability to extract
these reserves or mineralization, could have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations and financial condition.
We have not established the presence of any proven or probable reserves at
any of our mineral properties other than the San Cristobal project. We cannot
assure you that subsequent testing or future feasibility studies will establish
additional reserves at our properties. The failure to establish additional
reserves could restrict our ability to successfully implement our strategies for
long term growth beyond the San Cristobal project.
San Cristobal Project Risks - the completion of the San Cristobal project is
subject to delays in commencement and completion, our inability to achieve
anticipated production volume and cost increases.
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We plan to complete the development of the San Cristobal project and
commence production operations in late 2002. However, there can be no assurance
that:
. the development of the San Cristobal project will be commenced or
completed on a timely basis, if at all;
. the resulting operations will achieve the anticipated production volume;
or
. the construction costs and ongoing operating costs associated with the
development of the San Cristobal project will not be higher than
anticipated.
If the actual cost to complete the development of the San Cristobal project
is significantly higher than expected, we cannot assure you that we will have
enough funds to cover these costs or that we would be able to obtain alternative
sources of financing to cover these costs. Unexpected cost increases or the
failure to obtain necessary project financing on acceptable terms, to commence
or complete the development of the San Cristobal project on a timely basis, or
to achieve anticipated production capacity, and unexpected cost increases could
have a material adverse effect on our future results of operations and financial
condition.
The successful development of the San Cristobal project is subject to the
other risk factors described in this prospectus.
Dependence on a Single Mining Project - our principal asset is the San Cristobal
project.
We anticipate that the majority, if not all, of our revenues for the next
few years and beyond will be derived from the sale of metals mined at the San
Cristobal project. Therefore, if we are unable to complete and successfully
mine the San Cristobal project in a timely manner, our ability to generate
revenue and profits would be materially adversely affected.
Management of Growth - our success will depend on our ability to manage our
growth.
We anticipate that as we bring our mineral properties into production and
as we acquire additional mineral rights, we will experience significant growth
in our operations. We expect this growth to create new positions and
responsibilities for management personnel and increase demands on our operating
and financial systems. We cannot assure you that we will successfully meet
these demands and manage our anticipated growth.
Volatility of Metals Prices - our profitability will be affected by changes in
the prices of metals.
Our profitability and long-term viability depend, in large part, on the
market price of silver, zinc, lead and other metals. The market prices for
these metals are volatile and are affected by numerous factors beyond our
control, including:
. global or regional consumption patterns;
. supply of, and demand for, silver, zinc, lead and other metals;
. speculative activities;
. expectations for inflation; and
. political and economic conditions.
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The aggregate effect of these factors on metals prices is impossible for
our company to predict. A decrease in metals prices could adversely affect our
ability to finance the development of the San Cristobal project and the
exploration and development of our other properties, which would have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
The following table sets forth (1) the London Silver Market's high and low
spot price of silver in U.S. dollars per troy ounce and (2) the London Metals
Exchange's high and low spot prices of zinc and lead in U.S. dollars per pound,
for the periods indicated.
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Silver Zinc Lead
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Year High Low High Low High Low
- --- ---- --- ---- --- ---- ---
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1994 5.75 4.64 0.54 0.41 0.31 0.15
1995 6.04 4.41 0.55 0.43 0.35 0.24
1996 5.83 4.71 0.50 0.44 0.42 0.30
1997 6.27 4.22 0.60 0.47 0.33 0.23
1998 6.83 4.88 0.52 0.42 0.27 0.22
1999 5.75 4.88 0.56 0.41 0.25 0.21
</TABLE>
Hedging and Currency Risks - we may not be successful in hedging against price,
currency and interest rate fluctuations and may lose money through our hedging
programs.
We have engaged in limited metals trading activities to hedge against
commodity and base metals price risks, using puts and calls. We anticipate that
as we bring our mineral properties into production and we begin to generate
revenue, we may utilize various price hedging techniques to mitigate some of the
risks associated with fluctuations in the prices of the metals we produce. We
may also engage in activities to hedge the risk of exposure to currency and
interest rate fluctuations related to the development of San Cristobal in
Bolivia or in other countries in which we incur substantial expenditures for
exploration or development. Further, terms of our financing arrangements may
require us to hedge against these risks.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully hedge against
price, currency and interest rate fluctuations. In addition, our ability to
hedge against zinc and lead price risk in a timely manner may be adversely
affected by the smaller volume of transactions in both the zinc and lead markets
than in the silver market. Further, there can be no assurance that the use of
hedging techniques will always be to our benefit. Hedging instruments which
protect against market price volatility may prevent us from realizing the
benefit from subsequent increases in market prices with respect to covered
production. This limitation would limit our revenues and profits. Hedging
contracts are also subject to the risk that the other party may be unable or
unwilling to perform its obligations under these contracts. Any significant
nonperformance could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition
and results of operations.
Uncertainty and Cost of Mineral Exploration and Acquisition - the exploration of
mineral properties is highly speculative in nature, involves substantial
expenditures, and is frequently non-productive.
Our future growth and profitability will depend, in part, on our ability to
identify and acquire additional mineral rights, and on the costs and results of
our continued exploration and development programs. Competition for attractive
mineral exploration properties is intense. See "--Competition." Our strategy
is to expand our reserves through a broad program of exploration. Mineral
exploration is highly speculative in nature and is frequently non-productive.
Substantial expenditures are required to:
5
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. establish ore reserves through drilling and metallurgical and other
testing techniques;
. determine metal content and metallurgical recovery processes to extract
metal from the ore; and
. construct, renovate or expand mining and processing facilities.
If we discover ore, it usually takes several years from the initial phases
of exploration until production is possible. During this time, the economic
feasibility of production may change. As a result of these uncertainties, we
cannot assure you that we will successfully acquire additional mineral rights,
that our exploration programs will result in new proven and probable reserves in
sufficient quantities to justify commercial operations in any of our properties,
other than the San Cristobal project.
We consider from time to time the acquisition of operating or formerly
operating mines. Our decisions to acquire these properties are based on a
variety of factors including historical operating results, estimates of and
assumptions about future reserves, cash and other operating costs, metals prices
and projected economic returns, and evaluations of existing or potential
liabilities associated with the property and its operation. Other than
historical operating results, all of these may differ significantly from our
estimates and assumptions. In addition, there is intense competition for
attractive properties. Accordingly, there is no assurance that our acquisition
efforts will result in profitable mining operations.
Development Risks - our profitability depends, in part, on actual economic
returns and actual costs of developing mines, which may differ significantly
from our estimates and involve unexpected problems and delays.
None of our mineral properties, including the San Cristobal project, has an
operating history upon which we can base estimates of future cash operating
costs. Our decision to develop the San Cristobal project is based on
feasibility studies. Decisions about the development of other projects in the
future may also be based on feasibility studies. Feasibility studies provide
the basis for estimates of reserves and operating costs and project economic
returns. Estimates of economic returns are based, in part, on assumptions about
future metals prices. See "--Volatility of Metals Prices." Feasibility
studies provide the basis for estimates of cash operating costs based upon,
among other things:
. anticipated tonnage, grades and metallurgical characteristics of ore to
be mined and processed;
. anticipated recovery rates of silver and other metals from the ore;
. cash operating costs of comparable facilities and equipment; and
. anticipated climatic conditions.
Actual cash operating costs, production and economic returns may differ
significantly from those anticipated by our studies and estimates.
There are a number of uncertainties inherent in the development and
construction of any new mine, including the San Cristobal project. See "--San
Cristobal Project Risks." These uncertainties include:
. the timing and cost, which can be considerable, of the construction of
mining and processing facilities;
. the availability and cost of skilled labor, power, water and
transportation facilities;
. the availability and cost of appropriate smelting and refining
arrangements;
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. the need to obtain necessary environmental and other governmental
permits, and the timing of those permits; and
. the availability of funds to finance construction and development
activities.
The costs, timing and complexities of mine construction and development are
increased by the remoteness of the location of many mining properties, like the
San Cristobal project. It is common in new mining operations to experience
unexpected problems and delays during mine start-up. In addition, delays in the
commencement of mineral production often occur. Accordingly, there is no
assurance that our future development activities will result in profitable
mining operations.
Title to Our Mineral Properties May be Challenged
Our policy is to seek to confirm the validity of our rights to title to, or
contract rights with respect to, each mineral property in which we have a
material interest. However, we cannot guarantee that title to our properties
will not be challenged or impugned. Title insurance generally is not available,
and our ability to ensure that we have obtained secure claim to individual
mineral properties or mining concessions may be severely constrained. We have
not conducted surveys of all of the claims in which we hold direct or indirect
interests and, therefore, the precise area and location of these claims may be
in doubt. Accordingly, our mineral properties may be subject to prior
unregistered agreements, transfers or claims, and title may be affected by,
among other things, undetected defects. In addition, we may be unable to
operate our properties as permitted or to enforce our rights with respect to our
properties.
Property Rights - we may lose rights to properties if we fail to meet payment
requirements or development or production schedules.
We derive the rights to some of our mineral properties, including some of
our principal properties at the San Cristobal project, from leaseholds or
purchase option agreements which require the payment of rent or other
installment fees. If we fail to make these payments when they are due, our
rights to the property may lapse. We cannot assure you that we will always make
payments by the requisite payment dates. In addition, some contracts with
respect to our mineral properties require development or production schedules.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to meet any or all of the development
or production schedules. In addition, our ability to transfer or sell our
rights to some of our mineral properties requires governmental approvals or
third party consents, which may not be granted.
Mining Risks and Limits of Insurance Coverage - we cannot insure against all of
the risks associated with mining.
The business of mining is subject to a number of risks and hazards,
including:
. adverse environmental effects;
. industrial accidents;
. labor disputes;
. technical difficulties due to unusual or unexpected geologic formations;
. failures of pit walls; and
. flooding and periodic interruptions due to inclement or hazardous
weather conditions.
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These risks can result in, among other things:
. damage to, and destruction of, mineral properties or production
facilities;
. personal injury;
. environmental damage;
. delays in mining;
. monetary losses; and
. legal liability.
Although we maintain, and intend to continue to maintain, insurance with
respect to our operations and mineral properties within ranges of coverage
consistent with industry practice, there can be no assurance that insurance will
be available at economically feasible premiums. Insurance against environmental
risks is not generally available. These environmental risks include potential
liability for pollution or other disturbances resulting from mining exploration
and production. In addition, not all risks associated with developing and
producing silver, zinc, lead and other metals are included in coverage and some
covered risks may result in liabilities which exceed policy limits. Further, we
may elect to not seek coverage for all risks. The occurrence of an event that
is not fully covered, or covered at all, by insurance, could have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Foreign Operations - we conduct all of our exploration activities in countries
with developing economies and are subject to the risks of political and economic
instability associated with these countries.
We currently conduct exploration activities in countries with developing
economies including Bolivia, Honduras, Mexico and Peru in Latin America. These
countries and other emerging markets in which we may conduct operations have
from time to time experienced economic or political instability. We may be
materially adversely affected by risks associated with conducting operations in
countries with developing economies, including:
. political instability and violence;
. war and civil disturbance;
. expropriation or nationalization;
. changing fiscal regimes;
. fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
. high rates of inflation;
. underdeveloped industrial and economic infrastructure; and
. unenforceability of contractual rights.
Changes in mining or investment policies or shifts in the prevailing
political climate in any of the countries in which we conduct exploration and
development activities could adversely affect our business. Our operations may
be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to, among
other things:
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. production restrictions;
. price controls;
. export controls;
. income and other taxes;
. maintenance of claims;
. environmental legislation;
. foreign ownership restrictions;
. foreign exchange and currency controls;
. labor;
. welfare benefit policies;
. land use;
. land claims of local residents;
. water use; and
. mine safety.
We cannot accurately predict the effect of these factors. In addition,
legislation in the United States regulating foreign trade, investment and
taxation could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and
results of operations.
Government Regulation of Environmental Matters - our activities are subject to
foreign environmental laws and regulations which may materially adversely affect
our future operations.
We conduct mineral exploration and development activities primarily in
Central America and South America, and are most active in Bolivia, where the San
Cristobal project is located, and Mexico. With the development of San
Cristobal, we also expect to conduct mining operations in Bolivia. These
countries have laws and regulations which control the exploration and mining of
mineral properties and their effects on the environment, including air and water
quality, mine reclamation, waste handling and disposal, the protection of
different species of flora and fauna and the preservation of lands. These laws
and regulations will require our company to acquire permits and other
authorizations for certain activities. In many countries, including Bolivia,
there is relatively new comprehensive environmental legislation, and the
permitting and authorization processes may be less established and less
predictable than they are in the United States. We cannot assure you that we
will be able to acquire necessary permits or authorizations on a timely basis,
if at all. Delays in acquiring any permit or authorization could increase the
development cost of San Cristobal or other projects and could delay the
commencement of production.
Environmental legislation in many countries is evolving in a manner which
will likely require stricter standards and enforcement, increased fines and
penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of
proposed projects and a heightened degree of responsibility for companies and
their officers, directors and employees. In Bolivia, where there is relatively
new environmental legislation, enforcement activities and strategies may be
under development, and thus may be less predictable than in the United States.
We cannot predict what environmental legislation or regulations will be enacted
or adopted in the future or how future laws and regulations will be administered
or interpreted. Compliance with more stringent laws and regulations, as well as
potentially more vigorous
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enforcement policies or regulatory agencies or stricter interpretation of
existing laws, may (1) necessitate significant capital outlays, (2) cause us to
delay, terminate or otherwise change our intended activities with respect to one
or more projects and (3) materially adversely affect our future operations.
Many of our exploration and development properties are located in historic
mining districts where prior owners may have caused environmental damage which
may not be known to us or to the regulators. In most cases, we have not sought
complete environmental analyses of our mineral properties and have not conducted
comprehensive reviews of the environmental laws and regulations in every
jurisdiction in which we own or control mineral properties. To the extent we
are subject to environmental requirements or liabilities, the cost of compliance
with these requirements and satisfaction of these liabilities would reduce our
net cash flow and could have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations. If we are unable to fund fully the cost of
remediation of any environmental condition, we may be required to suspend
operations or enter into interim compliance measures pending completion of the
required remediation.
Competition - we compete against larger and more experienced companies.
The mining industry is intensely competitive. Many of the largest mining
companies are primarily producers of base metals, and may become interested in
the types of silver deposits on which we are focused because these deposits
typically are polymetallic, containing significant quantities of base metals
including zinc, lead and copper. Many of these companies have greater financial
resources, operational experience and technical capabilities than we have. We
may encounter increasing competition from other mining companies in our efforts
to acquire mineral properties and hire experienced mining professionals.
Increased competition in our business could adversely affect our ability to
attract necessary capital funding or acquire suitable producing properties or
prospects for mineral exploration in the future.
Holding Company Structure Risks - our ability to obtain dividends or other
distributions from our subsidiaries may be subject to restrictions imposed by
law and foreign currency exchange regulations.
We conduct, and will continue to conduct, all of our operations through
subsidiaries. Our ability to obtain dividends or other distributions from our
subsidiaries may be subject to restrictions on dividends or repatriation of
earnings under applicable local law, monetary transfer restrictions and foreign
currency exchange regulations in the jurisdictions in which the subsidiaries
operate. Our subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends or make other distributions
to us is also subject to their having sufficient funds to do so. If our
subsidiaries are unable to pay dividends or make other distributions, our growth
may be inhibited unless we are able to obtain additional debt or equity
financing on acceptable terms. In the event of a subsidiary's liquidation, we
may lose all or a portion of our investment in that subsidiary.
Requirement of External Financing - we may not be able to raise the funds
necessary to explore and develop our mineral properties.
We will need external financing to develop and construct the San Cristobal
project and to fund the exploration and development of our other mineral
properties. Sources of external financing may include bank borrowings and
future debt and equity offerings. We cannot assure you that financing will be
available on acceptable terms, or at all. The failure to obtain financing could
have a material adverse effect on our growth strategy and our results of
operations and financial condition. The mineral properties that we are likely
to develop are expected to require significant capital expenditures. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to secure the financing necessary to retain our
rights to, or to begin or sustain, production at our mineral properties.
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Dependence on Key Personnel - we depend on the services of key executives.
We are dependent on the services of key executives including our chairman
and our chief operating officer and a small number of highly skilled and
experienced executives and personnel focused on the development of the San
Cristobal project. Due to the relatively small size of our company, the loss of
these persons or our inability to attract and retain additional highly skilled
employees required for the development of the San Cristobal project, may delay
or otherwise adversely affect the development of the San Cristobal project,
which could have a material adverse effect on our business or future operations.
Substantial Control By Directors and Officers, and 5% Shareholders - the
substantial control of our company by our directors and officers, and 5%
shareholders may have a significant effect in delaying, deferring or preventing
a change in control of our company or other events which could be of benefit to
our other shareholders.
As of February 1, 2000, Thomas S. Kaplan and the other directors of our
company and officers of Apex Corporation, together with members of their
families and entities that may be deemed to be affiliates of or related to these
persons or entities, and 5% shareholders beneficially owned approximately
20,600,000 ordinary shares or approximately 60% of the outstanding shares of our
company. This level of ownership by these persons may have a significant effect
in delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company or other
events which could be of benefit to our other shareholders.
There May Be Certain Tax Risks Associated with Investments In Our Company.
Potential investors that are U.S. taxpayers should consider that our
company may be considered to be "passive foreign investment company" (a "PFIC")
for federal income tax purposes. If our company were deemed to be a PFIC, then
a U.S. taxpayer who disposes or is deemed to dispose of shares of our company at
a gain or who received a so-called "excess distribution" on the shares generally
would be required to treat such gain or excess distribution as ordinary income
and pay an interest charge on a portion of the gain or distribution unless the
taxpayer makes a timely qualified electing fund election (a "QEF" election). A
U.S. taxpayer who makes a QEF election generally must report on a current basis
his or her share of any of our company's ordinary earnings and net capital gain
for any taxable year in which our company is a PFIC, whether or not we
distribute those earnings. Special estate tax rules could be applicable to the
shares of our company if we are classified as a PFIC for income tax purposes.
See "Certain Federal Income Tax Considerations".
11
<PAGE>
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some information contained in this prospectus may contain forward-looking
statements. These statements include comments regarding mine development and
construction plans, costs, grade, production and recovery rates, permitting,
financing needs, the availability of financing on acceptable terms, the timing
of engineering studies and environmental permitting, and the markets for silver,
zinc and lead. The use of any of the words "anticipate," "continue,"
"estimate," "expect," "may," "will," "project," "should," "believe" and similar
expressions are intended to identify uncertainties. We believe the expectations
reflected in those forward-looking statements are reasonable. However, we
cannot assure you that these expectations will prove to be correct. You should
not unduly rely on forward-looking statements included in this prospectus.
These statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus. In particular,
this prospectus contains forward looking statements pertaining to the following:
. projections of future capital costs for construction in connection with
the San Cristobal project;
. expectations regarding the levels or timing of exploration, development
or production of metals;
. potential growth in our operations;
. geographic location or focus of our operations;
. potential investments of the proceeds of this offering pending the
application of the net proceeds;
. expected sources or uses of funds;
. anticipated methods and timing of production and processing of mined
ore;
. the size of any particular deposit, or reserves or recovery rates; and
. treatment under governmental tax and regulatory regimes.
Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these
forward-looking statements as a result of the risk factors set forth below and
other factors set forth in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus:
. worldwide economic and political events affecting the supply of and
demand for silver, zinc and lead;
. volatility in market prices for silver, zinc and lead;
. financial market conditions, and the availability of financing on terms
acceptable to our company;
. uncertainties associated with developing a new mine, including potential
cost overruns and the unreliability of estimates in early stages of mine
development;
. variations in ore grade and other characteristics affecting mining,
crushing, milling and smelting operations and mineral recoveries;
. geological, technical, permitting, mining and processing problems;
. the availability and timing of acceptable arrangements for power,
transportation, water and smelting;
12
<PAGE>
. uncertainties regarding future changes in tax legislation or
implementation of existing tax legislation;
. variations in smelting operations and capacity;
. the availability of experienced employees; and
. the factors discussed under "Risk Factors."
Many of those factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. Except
as required by law, we are not obligated to publicly release any revisions to
these forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments. All
subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us and
persons acting on our behalf are qualified in their entirety by the cautionary
statements contained in this section and elsewhere in this prospectus.
13
<PAGE>
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Currently, our major principal cash balances are held in U.S. dollars. We
maintain minimum cash balances in foreign currencies and therefore have a
relative low exposure to currency fluctuations. Because we conduct our
activities largely in several foreign countries, we may in the future engage in
hedging activities to minimize the risk of exposure to currency and interest
rate fluctuations.
We expect that we will be required to hedge some portion of our planned
production in advance in order to complete the financing necessary to develop
San Cristobal. In addition, as we bring San Cristobal into production and begin
to derive revenue from the production, sale and exchange of metals, we may
utilize various price-hedging techniques to lock in forward delivery prices on a
portion of our production. We would expect to balance the use of price-hedging
techniques to mitigate some of the risks associated with fluctuations in the
prices of the metals we produce while allowing us to take advantage of rising
metal prices should they occur.
We are currently developing policies, procedures and guidelines for the
hedging of metal prices, interest rates and foreign currency exposure. We have
engaged in limited metals trading activities utilizing puts and calls in a
manner similar to anticipated lender requirements, for the purpose of testing
procedures and controls surrounding the trading function. At December 31, 1999,
a mark to market of our open positions did not have a material effect on our
results of operations or financial position. We cannot assure you that we will
always benefit from the use of hedging techniques.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $ . million. The
net proceeds we receive from the sale of the securities offered by this
prospectus will be used for one or more of the following purposes:
. constructing and developing the San Cristobal project;
. exploring and developing properties in our portfolio;
. maintaining control or ownership of our properties, including making
ongoing lease and royalty payments and paying other maintenance and
registration fees;
. acquiring additional mining related properties or businesses; and
. financing other general corporate purposes.
Pending the application of the net proceeds, we expect to invest the
proceeds in short-term investment grade marketable securities or money market
obligations.
The proceeds from the exercise of the warrants offered by this prospectus
are expected to be used in the same manner. The exercise price of a warrant for
one ordinary share is initially $., or .% of the price of the ordinary shares
offered by this prospectus. The exercise price of the warrants may be adjusted
in accordance with the terms of the warrant. See "Description of Warrants."
14
<PAGE>
PRICE RANGE OF OUR COMMON STOCK
Our ordinary shares are listed on the American Stock Exchange under the
symbol ``SIL.'' Our company has warrants that are listed on the American Stock
Exchange under the symbol "SIL.WS" that are of a different class from the
warrants to be issued under this prospectus. Our currently outstanding warrants
began trading on February 25, 2000. As of March 3, 2000, we had approximately
140 shareholders of record and an estimated 2,000 additional beneficial holders
whose ordinary shares were held in street name by brokerage houses.
Our company has never paid any dividends on its ordinary shares and expects
for the foreseeable future to retain all of its earnings from operations for use
in expanding and developing its business. Any future decision as to the payment
of dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend
upon our earnings, receipt of dividends from our subsidiaries, financial
position, capital requirements, plans for expansion and such other factors as
our board of directors deems relevant.
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and the
low sale prices per share of our ordinary shares for the periods indicated. The
closing price of the ordinary shares on March 30, 2000 was $10-1/2.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Ordinary Shares
---------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998
---- ----
Period High Low High Low
- ------ ---- --- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1st Quarter....................... $10 3/4 $ 7 3/8 $14 1/8 $10 5/8
2nd Quarter....................... $13 1/4 $10 1/16 $12 3/4 $ 9 3/8
3rd Quarter....................... $15 1/4 $10 3/4 $10 5/16 $ 6 3/4
4th Quarter....................... $15 $11 $ 9 5/8 $ 7 1/2
</TABLE>
15
<PAGE>
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected consolidated financial data for our company for the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998, 1997, 1996 and 1995, and the period from
December 22, 1994 (inception) through December 31, 1999, are derived from the
audited consolidated financial statements of our company. The selected financial
data that has not been presented in the following table is immaterial. This
table should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements
and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 22,
1994
(inception)
through
Year ended December 31, December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1999
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Statement of Operations:
Interest and other income .............. $ 1,114 $ 2,444 $ 962 $ 575 $ 462 $ 5,572
-------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
Total income ........................... 1,114 2,444 962 575 462 5,572
-------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
Expenses
Exploration .......................... 6,014 9,966 13,358 14,852 3,559 48,167
Administrative ....................... 2,846 3,339 2,440 265 200 9,090
Amortization and depreciation ........ 233 169 149 57 57 666
-------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
Total expenses ......................... 9,093 13,474 15,947 15,174 3,816 57,922
-------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
Loss before minority interest .......... (7,979) (11,030) (14,985) (14,599) (3,354) (52,350)
Minority interest ...................... -- -- -- 2,876 1,493 4,559
-------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
Net loss for the period ................ $ (7,979) $(11,030) $(14,985) $(11,723) $(1,861) $(47,791)
======== ======== ======== ======== ======= ========
Net loss per Ordinary Share ............ $(0.29) $(0.42) $(0.72) $(0.66) $(0.12) (2.19)
======== ======== ======== ======== ======= ========
Weighted average number of Ordinary
Shares outstanding .................... 27,601 26,212 20,930 17,672 15,900 21,791
Cash Flow Data:
Net cash provided by (used in) financing
activities ............................ $ 94,073 $ (267) $ 55,008 $ 35,269 $ 6,430 $191,199
Net cash used in operating activities .. (8,289) (11,463) (17,990) (12,092) (3,491) (53,653)
Net cash used in investing activities .. (15,705) (19,086) (5,934) (524) 7 (41,249)
-------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
Net increase (decrease) in cash ........ $ 70,079 $(30,816) $ 31,084 $ 22,653 $ 2,939 $ 96,297
======== ======== ======== ======== ======= ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(dollars in thousands)
Balance Sheet Data: $151,077 $62,347 $73,329 $26,797 $6,820
Total assets ..................... 6,249 3,950 4,100 2,486 359
Total liabilities ................ -- -- -- -- 2,876
Minority interest ................ 144,828 58,397 69,229 24,311 3,585
Shareholders' equity ............
</TABLE>
16
<PAGE>
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATION
General
You should read the following discussion and analysis together with the
consolidated financial statements of Apex Silver Mines Limited and the selected
financial data and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Apex Limited is a mining exploration and development company that holds a
portfolio of silver exploration and development properties primarily in South
America, Mexico and Central America. None of these properties are in production
and, consequently, we have no current operating income or cash flow.
We currently focus our resources on the development of our San Cristobal
project in Bolivia as well as continued evaluation of our Cobrizos property in
Bolivia and Platosa property in Mexico.
Our company completed an initial public offering of ordinary shares on
December 1, 1997. We completed a subsequent offering of ordinary shares and
warrants during November 1999.
Results of Operations
Interest Income. Our company does not yet produce silver or any other
mineral products and has no revenues from product sales. Our primary source of
revenue is interest income. Our policy is to invest all excess cash in liquid,
high credit quality, short-term financial instruments. Our interest income for
the year ended December 31, 1999 was $1.1 million compared to $2.4 million and
$1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The
1999 decrease in interest income compared to 1998 is the result of declining
average cash balances during 1999 prior to receipt of the net proceeds of our
November 1999 offering of ordinary shares and warrants. The increase in our
interest income for 1998 compared to 1997 was due to the additional cash raised
in our initial public offering of ordinary shares in 1997.
Exploration. Our company expenses mineral exploration expenditures as
incurred on each property until we determine that mining operations on that
property are feasible. Once we have determined that a mineral property has
proven and probable ore reserves, we capitalize all development costs. Through
December 31, 1999, we have expensed all acquisition and exploration costs as
incurred, except those pertaining to the San Cristobal project. Since September
1, 1997, we have capitalized development costs associated with the San Cristobal
project and will continue to do so in the future.
Our exploration expenses were $6.0 million for the year ended December 31,
1999 compared to $10.0 million and $13.4 million for the years ended December
31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The decreases in our exploration expenses for
these periods is due primarily to the reduced emphasis on exploration as we
concentrate our resources on the development of the San Cristobal project.
Administrative. Our administrative expenses were $2.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 1999, compared to $3.3 million and $2.4 million for the
years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The decrease in our
administrative expenses in 1999 as compared to 1998 is primarily due to the
refocusing of our efforts on development activities at the San Cristobal
project. The increase in our administrative expenses for 1998 compared to 1997
is primarily the result of our increased activity and our hiring of additional
personnel associated with the anticipated development and financing of the San
Cristobal project.
17
<PAGE>
Income Taxes. Apex Corporation, our U.S. management services company, is
subject to U.S. income taxes. Otherwise our company pays no income tax in the
U.S. since we are incorporated in the Cayman Islands and conduct no business
that currently generates U.S. taxable income. The Cayman Islands currently
impose no corporate taxation. Our company has been granted exemption until
January 16, 2015 from any form of corporate taxation which may subsequently be
adopted in the Cayman Islands.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 1999, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately
$96.3 million compared to $26.2 million at December 31, 1998. The increase in
our cash and cash equivalents during 1999 is due to the $94.1 million in net
proceeds we received from our November 1999 offering of ordinary shares and
warrants, partially offset by our investments of approximately $15.0 million in
the development of the San Cristobal mine and $0.7 million in plant, buildings
and equipment, together with $8.3 million in other expenditures related
primarily to exploration and administration.
During November 1999, pursuant to a shelf registration statement filed with
the SEC, we sold 8,090,132 ordinary share units, resulting in proceeds before
commissions and fees of approximately $97.1 million and net proceeds of
approximately $94.1 million. The ordinary share units, each priced at $12.00
per unit, were comprised of one ordinary share and one-half warrant with each
warrant exercisable for one ordinary share at any time on or before November 4,
2002 at a price of $18.00 per ordinary share. The warrants, if exercised, would
raise an additional $73.6 million for us and would result in the issuance of
4,088,158 ordinary shares.
Based on the September 1999 feasibility study for the San Cristobal
project, we expect capital costs for construction to total approximately $413
million. In addition, we expect that the San Cristobal project will require $15
million of working capital and $20 million to pay Bolivian value-added tax
during construction. We should recover the value-added tax against our future
Bolivian income taxes. Based on our current development schedule for San
Cristobal, we anticipate capital expenditures of approximately $127 million over
the next twelve months, with the remaining $321 million to be spent in the
following two years. We expect to fund these expenditures from a combination of
our existing cash balances and financing raised from outside sources. Under the
current schedule, we expect our existing cash balances to be sufficient to fund
construction at San Cristobal through the third quarter of 2000. We will need
significant additional financing from outside sources to complete San Cristobal
construction.
We expect that outside sources of financing for San Cristobal will include
bank borrowings and future additional debt or equity financing. Our company does
not currently have a line of credit with any financial institution. We have
appointed Barclays and Deutsche Bank as co-lead arrangers for the project
financing of the San Cristobal project and have begun negotiations regarding the
terms of a potential financing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to
obtain the required financing on terms that we find attractive, or at all.
In order to maintain our mineral properties, we must make certain payments
including government mineral patent fees and commissions, work commitments,
lease and option payments and advance royalties. In order to maintain our
current portfolio of mineral properties, we will be required to make payments
during the next twelve months of approximately $0.5 million for San Cristobal,
$0.2 million for Cobrizos, $0.7 million for Platosa and $0.6 million for our
other exploration properties. In addition, we expect to make expenditures for
other continuing exploration, property acquisition, property evaluation and
general corporate expenses. Such expenditures are not anticipated to increase
significantly during the next twelve months. We expect to fund these obligations
from existing cash balances.
18
<PAGE>
Environmental Compliance
Our current and future exploration and development activities, as well as
our future mining and processing operations, are subject to various federal,
state and local laws and regulations in the countries in which we conduct our
activities. These laws and regulations govern the protection of the
environment, prospecting, development, production, taxes, labor standards,
occupational health, mine safety, toxic substances and other matters. Our
management expects to be able to comply with those laws and does not believe
that compliance will have a material adverse effect on our competitive position.
We intend to obtain all licenses and permits required by all applicable
regulatory agencies in connection with our mining operations and exploration
activities. We intend to maintain standards of environmental compliance
consistent with best contemporary industry practice.
19
<PAGE>
OUR BUSINESS
Apex Silver Mines Limited, organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands
in 1996, is engaged in the exploration and development of silver properties in
South America, Mexico and Central America. Our company has one of the largest,
most diversified portfolios of privately owned and controlled silver exploration
properties in the world. We have rights to or control of approximately 80 non-
producing silver and other mineral properties located in or near the traditional
silver producing regions of Bolivia, Mexico, Peru, Chile and Honduras. Our
exploration efforts have produced our first development property, our 100% owned
San Cristobal project located in southern Bolivia. San Cristobal's proven and
probable reserves total 240 million tonnes of ore grading 2.0 ounces per tonne
of silver, 1.67% zinc and 0.58% lead, and are estimated to contain 470 million
ounces of silver, 8.8 billion pounds of zinc and 3.1 billion pounds of lead.
None of our properties are in production, and consequently we have no operating
income or cash flow.
In December 1997, our company completed an initial public offering of
ordinary shares. In November 1999, we sold equity units comprised of ordinary
shares and warrants exercisable for ordinary shares.
Business Strategy
Our company is one of a limited number of mining companies which focus on
silver exploration, development and production. Our strategy is to capitalize on
our sizeable portfolio of silver exploration properties in order to achieve
long-term profits and growth and to enhance shareholder value.
Although our primary focus is on mining silver, we intend to produce other
metals associated with our silver deposits if economically practicable,
including zinc, lead, copper and gold. We are managed by a team of seasoned
mining professionals with significant experience in the identification and
exploration of mineral properties, as well as the construction, development and
operation of large scale, open pit and underground, precious and base metals
mining operations.
The principal elements of our business strategy are to:
. proceed to develop the San Cristobal project into a large scale open pit
mining operation;
. continue to explore and evaluate the Cobrizos silver property in southern
Bolivia and the Platosa silver and zinc property in northern Mexico;
. continue to explore and develop other properties which we believe are
most likely to contain significant amounts of silver and divesting of
those properties that are not of continuing interest; and
. identify and acquire additional mining and mineral properties that we
believe contain significant amounts of silver or have exploration
potential.
20
<PAGE>
San Cristobal Project
Our 100% owned San Cristobal project is located in the San Cristobal mining
district of the Potosi Department in southern Bolivia, a region that has
historically produced a significant portion of the world's silver supply. San
Cristobal is located in the Bolivian Altiplano in the Andes mountains,
approximately 500 kilometers south of the capital city of La Paz. The project
is accessible by a gravel road from the international railroad at Rio Grande,
approximately 50 kilometers to the north, and from the town of Uyuni, a former
railroad maintenance town, approximately 80 kilometers to the northeast. The
railroad begins at the Chilean port of Antafogasta, approximately 460 kilometers
southwest of San Cristobal, and continues approximately 500 kilometers north to
La Paz.
The San Cristobal property is comprised of certain mining concessions in a
large block of concessions owned or controlled by us covering approximately
460,000 acres. Under these mining concessions, our company has the right to
carry out exploration, mining, processing and marketing of all mineral
substances located within the concessions, and to use the water found on the
concessions. In order to maintain our rights to these concessions, we must make
annual mining patent payments to the Bolivian government.
Our San Cristobal property is largely unexploited. The relatively small,
shut down Toldos mine, located approximately 1.5 kilometers from San Cristobal,
was mined by underground block caving and open pit mining between 1985 and 1995.
At present, there is no significant plant or equipment on the San Cristobal
property.
We believe that our San Cristobal property contains one of the largest
known open pit silver, zinc and lead deposits in the world. Additional drilling
in 1998 doubled proven and probable reserves at San Cristobal, which total 240
million tonnes of ore grading 2.0 ounces per tonne of silver, 1.67% zinc and
0.58% lead. We believe these reserves contain 470 million ounces of silver, 8.8
billion pounds of zinc and 3.1 billion pounds of lead. The full dimensions of
the San Cristobal deposit have not yet been determined; mineralized material
extends outward from the identified ore body in most directions as well as to
depths below 260 meters.
In September 1999, we completed a detailed feasibility study on San
Cristobal. The feasibility study was prepared by Kvaerner, E&C Metals Division,
an independent engineering firm. Based on the feasibility study, we anticipate
developing a low cost, open pit silver-zinc mine at San Cristobal with a low
strip ratio of approximately 1.8:1 (tonnes of waste to tonnes of ore), including
pre-stripping. Under the study's mine plan, we would mine the deposit at a rate
of approximately 40,000 tonnes of ore per day and process the ore by
conventional means. We would transport mined ore to the primary crusher by
truck and then convey the crushed ore to a mill and flotation complex. The ore
would be ground in semi-autogenous (SAG) and ball mill circuits, and then
processed by selective flotation to produce separate silver-lead and silver-zinc
concentrates. We expect to transport the filtered concentrates by road to a
port in Chile, and then by ocean vessel to smelters and refineries in Asia, the
Americas and Europe.
Based on existing reserves and production rates from the feasibility study,
we believe the operation should produce, once commercial production is attained,
an annual average of approximately 19 million contained ounces of silver, 473
million contained pounds of zinc and 133 million contained pounds of lead over a
mine life of approximately 17 years, with higher production anticipated in the
first five years. Based on the geology of San Cristobal, and the drilling,
analysis and proven and probable reserves identified to date, we believe that
the San Cristobal project could be extended in life and/or increased in scale.
21
<PAGE>
Future capital costs for San Cristobal construction as projected in the
feasibility study total approximately $413 million, net of approximately $60
million in expected tax credits, and assume contract mining for the first five
years. These capital figures do not include an additional $15 million of
assumed working capital. The capital figures also exclude value-added taxes and
duties which the feasibility study assumes will be recovered by our company
following commencement of production. Thus, the feasibility study assumes that
up to approximately $20 million in Bolivian value-added tax to be paid during
construction will be recovered as credits against future income taxes. Under a
Supreme Decree recently enacted by the government of Bolivia, in exchange for
costs incurred in constructing a road from the San Cristobal site to the Chilean
border connecting with the Chilean road to the port, the Bolivian government has
agreed to provide tax credits which we believe will total approximately $40
million to offset an equivalent amount of additional value-added taxes and
duties. We believe this can reduce our initial funding requirements during pre-
production project development by approximately $40 million. The estimate of
capital costs in the feasibility study assumes that this reduction is achieved.
Since completion of the feasibility study, we have continued detailed
engineering and are working towards selection of a contractor to provide
engineering, procurement and construction management services. We are in the
process of arranging financing for the project and expect construction of the
San Cristobal mine and processing facilities to begin mid-year, if necessary
financing is obtained. Based on this schedule, we anticipate that start-up
could begin in late 2002.
Geology
The San Cristobal project occupies the central portion of a depression
associated with volcanism of the Miocene age. The 4 kilometer diameter
depression is filled with fine to coarse grained volcanoclastic sedimentary
rocks (including shale, conglomerate, sandstone, landslide debris and talus).
During the late Miocene Period, after sedimentation had nearly filled the
depression, a series of dacite and andesite porphyry sills and domes intruded
the volcanoclastic rocks. Disseminated and stockwork silver-lead-zinc
mineralization formed locally both within the volcanoclastic sediments and in
the intrusions themselves. The disseminated mineralization was not mined in the
past except at the nearby Toldos mine. Historic production on the San Cristobal
property was from veins.
The two largest areas of mineralization, the Jayula and Tesorera deposits,
initially were drilled separately. Our additional drilling in 1998, which more
than doubled proven and probable reserves, merged the Jayula and Tesorera
deposits into one large deposit, now called the San Cristobal orebody.
Mineralization at the Jayula portion of the San Cristobal orebody is
dominated by stockwork consisting of iron oxides, clays, galena, barite,
sphalerite, pyrite, tetrahedrite, and acanthite. The veins of the stockwork are
most abundant in the dacite sill, near its contact with the volcanoclastic
sedimentary rocks. At the Tesorera portion of the orebody, mineralization is
characterized by galena, sphalerite, and acanthite, disseminated in the
volcanoclastic sedimentary rocks. This mineralization is most prevalent in the
coarser grained beds, usually conglomerates and coarse sandstones. To the
extent that ore grade mineralization is confined to the sedimentary beds, the
mineral zones are both stratiform and strata-bound, forming tabular bodies.
Oxidation of the mineralized zone at San Cristobal has occurred to depths
averaging 40 to 75 meters and affects approximately 4% of the reserves. In this
oxide zone, zinc has been almost completely leached out by groundwater; silver
values, however, are locally enhanced due to secondary enrichment processes. In
the oxide zone, the dominant minerals are iron oxides, galena, clays, native
silver, and secondary acanthite.
22
<PAGE>
Reserves
We have completed approximately 169,400 meters of reverse circulation and
approximately 20,100 meters of diamond drilling at San Cristobal. This drilling
indicates that the mineralization is present over an area of 1,500 meters by
1,500 meters. The ore deposit defined by this drilling is open at depth and in
several lateral directions.
Proven and probable reserves were calculated in August 1999 using a $4.65
net smelter return per tonne cutoff value and market price assumptions of $5.00
per ounce of silver, $0.50 per pound of zinc and $0.28 per pound of lead. The
following tables show our company's proven and probable reserves of silver, zinc
and lead for sulfide ore and oxide ore at the San Cristobal project, which were
calculated by Mine Reserve Associates, Inc.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Proven and Probable Reserves--San Cristobal Project
---------------------------------------------------
Average Grade Contained Metals(1)
---------------------------- --------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Tonnes Silver Zinc Lead Silver Zinc Lead
of ore Grade Grade Grade Ounces Tonnes Tonnes
(000s) (oz.tonne) (%) (%) (000s) (000s) (000s)
------- --------- ----- ----- ------- ------ ------
Sulfide Ore... 230,700 1.90 1.73 0.58 430,300 3,990 1,338
Oxide Ore..... 9,600 4.20 0.10 0.61 39,700 10 58
</TABLE>
_____________
(1) Amounts are shown as contained metals in ore and therefore do not reflect
losses in the recovery process. Sulfide ore reserves are expected to have
an average recovery of 68.75% for silver, 91.22% for zinc and 75.43 for
lead. Oxide ore reserves are expected to have an average recovery of 60%
for silver and 50% for lead.
In addition to proven and probable reserves, Mine Reserve Associates, Inc.
has estimated 46 million tonnes of mineralized material at an average grade of
2.90 ounces of silver per tonne, 1.04% zinc, and 0.58% lead.
Exploration
Other than San Cristobal and nearby exploration projects in the San
Cristobal district, we have a portfolio of silver properties in Bolivia, Mexico,
Peru, Chile, Honduras and Central Asia totaling in excess of 1.0 million acres
which contain potential for silver mineralization or other significant
exploration potential. These mineral properties consist of:
. mining concessions which we have acquired, or applied for directly;
. mining concessions which we have leased, typically with an option to
purchase; and
. mining concessions which we have agreed to explore and develop and, if
feasible, bring into production, in concert with joint venture partners.
We generally seek to structure our acquisitions of mineral rights so that
individual properties can be optioned for exploration and subsequently acquired
at reasonable cost if justified by exploration results. Properties which we
determine do not warrant further exploration or development expenditures are
divested, typically without further financial obligation to our Company.
Although we believe that our exploration properties may contain significant
silver or other mineralization, our analysis of most of these properties is at a
preliminary stage. The activities performed to date at these properties often
have involved the analysis of data from previous exploration efforts by others,
supplemented by our own exploration programs.
23
<PAGE>
Our development activities are currently focused on the San Cristobal
project, while exploration is concentrated on the Cobrizos property in southern
Bolivia and the Platosa property in northern Mexico. In 2000, we expect to
complete additional metallurgical testing at Cobrizos followed by more drilling
at Platosa. Although the San Cristobal project remains our top development
priority, the initial work at the Cobrizos and Platosa properties has been
promising, and we believe that these properties eventually may become candidates
for development.
Cobrizos
The Cobrizos property is located on level terrain 12 kilometers north of
the San Cristobal project in southern Bolivia. Its proximity to San Cristobal
could afford significant potential operating and administrative efficiencies.
During pre-Columbian times, green and blue supergene copper carbonate
minerals were produced from the deposit at Cobrizos for use as pigment. Spanish
miners subsequently engaged in small scale native copper and copper sulfate
mining. Between 1892 and 1906 Compania Arenal sank shafts as deep as 60 meters
and produced copper from approximately 100,000 tonnes of material extracted from
shallow underground and open cast workings. A combination of flooding and carbon
dioxide build-up in the workings ultimately forced a cessation of operations.
Our company is party to a joint venture agreement with Corporacion Minera
de Bolivia S.A., or Comibol, a Bolivian government mining company, on its
approximately 2,600 acres of mining rights at the Cobrizos property. Under the
agreement, we must make certain payments to Comibol and complete certain work
commitments on the property in order to acquire an 85% interest in the joint
venture. Under the joint venture, Comibol would receive five percent of the
operating cash flow (as defined in the agreement) from production at the
Cobrizos property until we have recovered our entire capital investment;
thereafter, Comibol would receive 15% of operating cash flow. Our company would
be the operator of the joint venture.
Geology
Cobrizos is a partially oxidized copper-silver deposit of possible roll
front or red bed type in shale and sandstone of the Jurassic Potoco Formation.
Exploration and Mineralized Material
We focused our drilling program in 1997 and 1998 on a silver and copper
rich zone we had previously identified. Twelve holes were drilled over a strike
length of 850 meters which, together with the four earlier holes, resulted in
the holes being spaced approximately 75 meters apart. The results indicate a
steeply dipping mineralized zone with an average width of 55 meters over the 855
meters of strike length, open at both ends. The indicated depth from surface or
near surface is at least 100 meters. Mine Reserve Associates calculates that
the Cobrizos property contains mineralized material of 11 million tonnes at
grades averaging between 2.5 and 3 ounces of silver per tonne. Further drilling
is required to determine the limits of the Cobrizos mineralization, and whether
there are proven and probable reserves. We conducted metallurgical tests on
Cobrizos ore in 1999 and plan to perform additional metallurgical testing in
2000.
Platosa
In February 1999, we announced completion of our first drill program on the
approximately 9,000 acre Platosa property which is located 5 kilometers
northwest of the town of Bermejillo in the
24
<PAGE>
Durango State in northern Mexico. The Platosa property contains water and is
located within approximately 1.5 kilometers of a major paved highway, railroad,
and natural gas and power lines. Under the terms of our exploration and
development agreement, we have the right to earn up to a 65% direct ownership
interest in the property. Upon completion of earn-in requirements, a joint
venture company would be formed with our company as operator.
Twenty-one diamond drill holes totaling approximately 2,605 meters have
been completed. Nine holes encountered an average of 4.5 meters of massive and
sanded sulfides averaging 49.7 ounces per tonne silver, 28.5% zinc and 16.5%
lead in the mineralized zone we refer to as Manto No. 4. Five holes in the
mineralized zone 1.8 meters thick on average and referred to as Manto No. 5,
located from 10 to 20 meters below Manto No. 4, averaged 30.1 ounces of silver
and 5.1% lead and 3.1% zinc. Overall core recovery averaged 59% in Manto No. 4
and 81% in Manto No. 5. Our geologists believe that the material not recovered
was sulfide sand. We also have conducted mercury and geophysical soil-gas
surveys, which will aid geologists designing a follow-up drill program.
Other Mineral Properties
In addition to the San Cristobal project and the Cobrizos and Platosa
exploration properties, we have a portfolio of more than 1.0 million acres of
exploration properties located in the traditional and emerging silver producing
regions of the world. Our holdings consist primarily of ownership interests,
leases, options and joint venture interests, in varying percentages. The
distribution of these holdings other than the San Cristobal, Cobrizos and
Platosa properties is summarized in the table below. These three properties
consist of claims and concessions approximately 460,000 acres, 2,600 acres, and
9,000 acres, respectively.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Location and Distribution of Major Groups of Exploration Properties
Number of
Country Properties Acreage(1)
------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
South America
Bolivia....................................... 3 118,800
Peru.......................................... 3 94,300
-- ---------
Subtotal................................... 6 213,100
-- ---------
Mexico and Central America
Mexico........................................ 6 98,800
Honduras...................................... 1 1,100
-- ---------
Subtotal................................... 7 99,900
-- ---------
Central Asia 3 716,200
-- ---------
Total...................................... 16 1,029,200
== =========
</TABLE>
Our exploration activities in certain countries are described below. Due
to the preliminary nature of the available information regarding these
properties, the exploration portfolio is discussed in general terms.
Bolivia
Our holdings and joint ventures in Bolivia, other than the Cobrizos
property and the San Cristobal project, now total approximately 118,800 acres,
including our joint venture interests in the historic
25
<PAGE>
Pulacayo mine and options on several properties currently under evaluation. We
are aggressively pursuing exploration in Bolivia.
Peru
We have an exploration office in Lima and are actively exploring for silver
in Peru, the world's second largest silver producing country. In addition to
our Otuzco copper-gold porphyry property, we are evaluating several other
exploration property acquisition opportunities.
Mexico
Mexico is the largest producer of silver in the world. We have an
exploration office at Zacatecas, Zacatecas State in northern Mexico, the heart
of the silver belt. We hold approximately 13,300 acres of mineral rights in the
Zacatecas mining district that we continue to evaluate for vein and volcanogenic
massive sulfide exploration targets. Excluding Platosa, we control
approximately 98,800 acres of mineral rights in Mexico that it is evaluating for
silver and other metals in combination with silver.
Honduras
We hold approximately 1,100 acres of mineral rights in Honduras that are
administered by the exploration office in Zacatecas, Mexico.
Central Asia
Our properties in Central Asia are held primarily under joint venture
arrangements and are operated by other companies.
History, Principal Office
We conduct substantially all of our operations through Apex Silver Mines
and its subsidiaries. Apex Silver Mines was formerly Apex Silver Mines LDC and
is our wholly owned subsidiary. Our company's material assets consist
exclusively of the shares of Apex Silver Mines.
We have a contract with Apex Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex
Silver Mines, pursuant to which Apex Corporation provides our company with
strategic, financial, planning and other management services. Apex Corporation
maintains its principal office at 1700 Lincoln Street, Suite 3050, Denver,
Colorado 80203 and its telephone number is (303) 839-5060.
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities Under United States Laws
Our company is a Cayman Islands exempted company and some of our directors
reside in jurisdictions outside of the United States. At any one time, all or a
substantial portion of our assets and directors are or may be located in
jurisdictions outside of the United States. Therefore, it could be difficult
for investors to effect within the United States service of process on our
company or any of the directors who reside outside the United States. Further,
it could be difficult to recover against our company or such directors judgments
of courts in the United States, including judgments based upon civil liability
under U.S. federal securities laws and similar state laws. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, our company has irrevocably agreed that it may be served with process
with respect to actions based on offers of the securities offered by this
prospectus in the United States by serving Apex Silver Mines Corporation, 1700
Lincoln Street, Suite 3050, Denver, Colorado 80203, its U.S. agent appointed for
that purpose.
26
<PAGE>
W.S. Walker & Company, our Cayman Islands counsel, has advised our company
that there may be circumstances where the courts of the Cayman Islands would not
enforce:
. judgments of U.S. courts obtained in actions against our company or
directors of our company that are not resident within the United States
that are based upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal
securities laws and similar state laws; or
. original actions brought in the Cayman Islands against our company or
such persons based solely upon U.S. federal securities laws.
There is no treaty in effect between the United States and the Cayman
Islands providing for such enforcement. There are grounds upon which Cayman
Islands courts may not enforce judgments of U.S. courts. In addition, some
remedies that are available under the laws of U.S. jurisdictions, including
certain remedies under U.S. federal securities laws, may not be allowed in
Cayman Islands courts as being contrary to public policy.
27
<PAGE>
REPUBLIC OF BOLIVIA
We have compiled the following information from governmental and private
publications.
General Information
Bolivia is situated in central South America and is bordered by Peru,
Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile. It has an area of 1,098,581 square
kilometers and a population of approximately 8.1 million people. Bolivia's
official and most widely spoken language is Spanish, but over 70 percent of the
population is either native Aymara or Quechua Indian. Sucre is the capital city
of Bolivia. La Paz is the seat of government and, with a population of over one
million people, the largest city in Bolivia. La Paz is situated on the
Altiplano, the high plateau which separates the eastern and western ranges of
the Andes. The land in this part of the country is largely semi-desert plains
bordered by steep, rugged mountains. The eastern portion of the country consists
of sparsely populated low-lands bordering the Brazilian Amazon basin where
temperate and tropical forests dominate. Santa Cruz is the principal city of the
low country with a population of approximately 1,000,000.
The government of Bolivia consists of a directly elected president and a
bicameral congress. Since the military government stepped down in 1982, Bolivia
has maintained a stable democratic system with elections every four years. The
current president, Hugo Banzer, was elected in 1997.
Economy
The Bolivian economy has experienced continuous growth and relatively low,
stable inflation in recent years. This economic performance is generally
ascribed to the deregulation of key sectors of the economy, including oil and
gas, communications, transportation and finance, and to foreign direct
investment which has occurred as part of the privatization of formerly
government-owned electricity, telecommunications, railways, aviation and oil and
gas companies. The country's privatization program has involved (1) the sale of
shares in government-owned entities in exchange for capital contributions to the
privatized entities, and (2) the contribution of government-owned shares in
privatized entities to pension trust funds established on behalf of all
Bolivians over the age of 21 at the end of 1995. In connection with this
program, we have entered into joint venture agreements with the government
mining company, Comibol.
Summary information on the Bolivian economy is set forth in the table
below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
GDP Growth..................................... 5.0% 3.7% 4.0% 4.2% 4.7%
GDP per Capita................................. $ 756 $ 812 $ 860 $1,005 $1,076
Inflation...................................... 8.5% 12.6% 7.9% 6.7% 4.4%
Pubic Sector Deficit (non-financial) as % of
GDP........................................... 3.2% 2.3% 2.1% 3.6% 4.0%
Exports FOB (in millions)...................... $1,124 $1,181 $1,326 $1,272 $1,206
Imports CIF (in millions)...................... $1,196 $1,433 $1,635 $1,906 $2,083
Current Account Balance (% GDP)................ 3.6% 5.0% 5.2% -8.0% -10.0%
Total Investment (in millions)................. $ 794 $ 898 $ 540 $1,578 $1,754
Share of GDP (%)............................... 13.3% 13.7% 7.6% 19.8% 20.5%
Public Investment (in millions)................ $ 481 $ 505 $ 524 $ 582 $ 539
Share of GDP (%)............................... --% --% 7.6% 7.3% 6.3%
Private Investment (in millions)............... $ 288 $ 373 $ 632 $ 996 $1,215
Share of GDP (%)............................... 4.8% 5.7% 8.9% 12.5% 14.2%
</TABLE>
28
<PAGE>
Source: Latin Finance
The official monetary unit of Bolivia is the boliviano, which was
introduced in January 1987 following the adoption in 1985 of a broad based
reform program known as the "New Economic Policy."
In the mid-1980s, prior to the New Economic Policy, Bolivia suffered from
hyperinflation, declining foreign investment, growing balance of payments
deficits and a foreign exchange shortage fueled in part by an increasing
disparity between the official and unofficial exchange rates. The New Economic
Policy removed restrictions on exports and imports, ended most price controls
and subsidies, instituted a freeze on public sector wages and subjected the
public sector to rigorous cost cutting. By 1986, inflation was under control and
the International Monetary Fund resumed stand-by assistance. During the period
of the New Economic Policy, the gap between the official exchange rate and the
parallel unofficial rate was bridged. On December 31, 1999, the exchange rate
was 6.00 bolivianos to one U.S. dollar compared to the exchange rate on December
31, 1998 of 5.65 bolivianos to one U.S. dollar.
The boliviano is freely convertible in Bolivia at a single, public exchange
rate established by twice-weekly auctions held by the Bolivian Central Bank.
Foreign Investment and Tax
Since the New Economic Policy, most restrictions on trade have been removed
or are in the process of being phased out. The remaining material restrictions
applicable to mining in Bolivia are described below. Currently, import levies
stand at ten percent for all items except capital goods, which are subject to a
five percent levy. In March 1991, a new export code introduced further measures
to liberalize trade. In order to prevent transfer pricing and other tax
avoidance mechanisms, almost all foreign trade transactions require the filing
of an aviso de conformidad describing the terms of the underlying transactions.
The 1990 Investment Law provides for unrestricted repatriation of capital,
freedom to import goods and services, equality under the law between foreign and
domestic companies, and the creation of "free trade zones".
Mining companies in Bolivia are subject to a 25 percent income tax. Taxable
income is determined in accordance with Bolivian generally accepted accounting
principles.
Under the new Bolivian Mining Code, which came into effect on March 17,
1997, there is Complementary Mining Tax applicable to whomever carries out
mining activities. Mining activities are defined to include: prospecting and
exploration; mining or extracting minerals or metals; concentrating mine
products; smelting and refining; and marketing of minerals and metals. The
Complementary Mining Tax is calculated by applying an aliquot to the taxable
base. The aliquot of the Complementary Mining Tax is a variable percentage
indexed to the official U.S. dollar market price for the relevant metal or
mineral. The variable percentage fluctuates between three percent and seven
percent for precious stones and metals and between one percent and five percent
for other metallic minerals. The taxable base is construed as the amount that
results from multiplying the weight of the fine content of the mineral or metal
by its official U.S. dollar market price. This tax is creditable against
corporate income and is, in effect, a minimum tax on mining companies. If
complementary mining tax payments in any fiscal year exceed corporate income tax
payments, the excess is credited against corporate income in the following year.
Manufacturing or processing involving minerals is not subject to the
Complementary Mining Tax.
29
<PAGE>
Bolivian source income, including dividends, interest, management fees and
expenses charged to a Bolivian company by foreign affiliates, is subject to a
withholding tax of 12.5 percent, as is any of these payments when made to third
parties.
Operating losses are adjusted for inflation and may be carried forward and
deducted from taxable income indefinitely. However, if accrued losses exceed 50
percent of capital, the capital must be increased.
Bolivia assesses a 12.5 percent tax on profits of a branch of a foreign
corporation operating in Bolivia. The branch tax is calculated on the book
profits of the branch regardless of remittances. Any portion of the profits
reinvested in Bolivia can be excluded from the taxable basis. Book profits are
deemed remitted 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.
There is a 13 percent value added tax on all sales, including mineral
commodities, a five percent import duty on machinery and equipment and a ten
percent duty on imported raw materials and components. The VAT paid on purchases
is recoverable against VAT collected on Bolivian sales. Exports are not subject
to VAT. The exporter can offset the VAT credit arising from purchases with
domestic sales or can apply for a refund of import duties and VAT paid on inputs
and raw materials included in the cost of exported goods. However, the refund of
credits arising from imports is limited to 13 percent of the total value of the
exports and therefore is not recoverable during the exploration phase.
Mining Industry
Bolivia produces a number of mineral commodities including tin, gold,
silver, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, copper and bismuth. The country has long
been a leading mineral and precious metals producer. Bolivia was colonized in
the early sixteenth century by Spaniards who arrived in search of silver and
gold. The extensive silver mining operations in Potosi which developed under
Spanish rule led to the region being described as the "treasury of the Spanish
empire." In the early twentieth century, tin became the country's leading
mineral export although in recent years the focus has returned to gold, silver,
lead and zinc. The country's principal mining regions are the eastern part of
Bolivia along the Brazilian border, and the traditional mining areas of the
Altiplano and Cordillera.
Recent regulatory reforms have resulted in increased exploration
activities, particularly with respect to precious metals. In the early 1990s,
the government reformed the land tenure system, reduced taxes on mining
operations, established equal treatment under the law between Comibol and
foreign companies in obtaining mineral concessions, and created a national
Mining Inventory Service which will maintain up-to-date information, including
maps, for exploration and mining exploration concessions.
Mining Concessions
The Bolivian constitution states that all mineral deposits are the property
of the State. Mining concessions, which may be awarded by the government, grant
the holder, subject to the payment of patents, the real and exclusive right to
carry out prospecting, exploration, exploitation, concentration, smelting,
refining and marketing activities with respect to all mineral substances located
within a given concession. Individual mineral claims consist of indivisible
squares shaped like an inverted pyramid, whose lower vertex is the center of the
earth and whose surface area covers a total area of 25 hectares. Mining
concessions are comprised of no fewer than one and no more than 2,500 adjacent
squares. Mining concessions are distinct from the surface rights which comprise
traditional land ownership; holders of mining concessions are entitled to
explore and exploit a property and to use the water found at the property.
Expropriation or the establishment of easements may not be legally carried out
if the water supplies for a population are interrupted or negatively affected.
30
<PAGE>
Holders of mining concessions are obliged to pay an annual mining patent.
Co-owners are jointly and severally responsible for the patent payment. The
patent is progressive and fees are based on the number of years of existence of
the concession. Concessions established before the enactment of the new Mining
Code which comprise an area of up to 1,000 mining claims pay the equivalent of
$1.00 per claim per year. Concessions established before the enactment of the
new Mining Code which comprise an area of more than 1,000 mining claims pay the
equivalent of $1.00 per claim per year for the first five years of the existence
of the concession; thereafter, the patent increases to the equivalent of $2.00
per claim per year. Concessions established under the new Mining Code pay the
following: for the first five years of the existence of a concession, the owner
is required to pay the equivalent of $25.00 per square per year; thereafter the
patent increases to the equivalent of $50.00 per square per year. Most of our
Bolivian concessions were established prior to enactment of the new Mining Code.
Mining concessions are liable to forfeiture when the corresponding annual
patent fails to be paid. Forfeiture is governed by law and does not require any
administrative or judicial declaration. When a concession has been forfeited,
the mining concession reverts to the State.
Environmental Matters
In 1992, the Bolivian government passed environmental legislation that
established a comprehensive scheme for the initiation of a national
environmental policy to protect the environment, promote sustainable
development, promote the preservation of biological diversity and promote
environmental education. Few environmental regulations specifically applicable
to mineral exploration companies in Bolivia have been proclaimed to date. At
present, concession holders must maintain waterways running through their
concessions in their unspoiled state and concession holders must employ
exploration and development techniques that will minimize environmental damage.
Under Bolivia's environmental regulations, environmental impact assessments are
required. In practice, foreign mining companies operating in Bolivia generally
adhere to U.S. and European environmental standards for mining and exploration.
The new Mining Code requires concession holders to minimize damage to
surface rights, to neighboring concessions and to the environment. Concession
holders are liable for damage or injury caused by their operations. Concession
holders are not obliged to remediate environmental damage caused prior to the
effectiveness of the new Mining Code or the date on which the mining concession
was obtained, if the concession was granted at a later date. Upon becoming the
owner of a concession, the concession holder must conduct an environmental audit
to determine the extent of any environmental damage. If an environmental audit
is not performed, the concession holder assumes the responsibility to mitigate
all environmental damage. Environmental liabilities incurred under this new
regime survive the existence or ownership of the relevant concession.
Labor Market
Bolivia has a large pool of unskilled and, in the mining sector, semi-
skilled labor, but a relative shortage of skilled labor and managerial expertise
overall. One percent of the payroll tax is used for worker training. A large
portion of the labor force that is engaged in wage employment is also unionized,
although union participation is not mandatory. Strikes, the frequency of which
have decreased greatly since the early 1980s, are not forbidden. However,
before a strike may be called, all legally mandated alternatives, including
negotiation, mediation and conciliation, must have been exhausted. Collective
bargaining agreements are very rare, as negotiations are generally carried out
between an individual company's union and management.
31
<PAGE>
METALS MARKET OVERVIEW
Silver Market
Silver has traditionally served as a medium of exchange, much like gold.
While silver continues to be used for currency, the principal uses of silver are
for industrial uses, primarily for electrical and electronic components,
photography, jewelry and silverware. The CPM Group forecast in reports
generally available in the industry that in 1999 approximately 816 million
ounces of silver would be consumed for these and other industrial purposes, a
decrease of 0.7% from 1998. The CPM Group projected that an additional 29.5
million ounces of silver would be used to satisfy the coinage demand in 1999, an
increase of 18% from the 25 million ounces used in 1998.
Silver's strength, malleability, ductility, thermal and electrical
conductivity, sensitivity to light and ability to endure extreme changes in
temperature combine to make silver a widely used industrial metal. Specifically,
it is used in photography, batteries, computer chips, electrical contacts, and
high technology printing. Silver's anti-bacterial properties also make it
valuable for use in medicine and in water purification.
Most silver production is obtained from mining operations in which silver
is not the principal or primary product. Approximately 76% of mined silver is
produced as a by-product of mining lead, zinc, gold, nickel or copper deposits.
The CPM Group estimates that in 1999 recycled or secondary supply of silver
increased to 208 million ounces, representing a 10.9% increase over 1998 levels.
The CPM Group further estimates that total silver supply from mine production,
recycling and estimated dishoarding and government stockpile sales has been
insufficient to meet industrial demand since 1990, and that stockpiles are
continuing to diminish. The CPM Group studies indicate that approximately 696
million ounces of silver were supplied from all sources in 1999, an increase of
8.3% from 1998. Mine production of silver rose 6.4% to 478 million ounces.
The following table sets forth the London Silver Market's annual average,
high and low spot price of silver in U.S. dollars per troy ounce since 1978.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Average High Low
- ---- ------- ---- ---
(U.S. dollars per troy ounce)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1978............................................................. 5.42 6.26 4.82
1979............................................................. 1.06 32.20 5.94
1980............................................................. 0.98 49.45 10.89
1981............................................................. 0.49 16.30 8.03
1982............................................................. 7.92 11.11 4.90
1983............................................................. 1.43 14.67 8.37
1984............................................................. 8.14 10.11 6.22
1985............................................................. 6.13 6.75 5.45
1986............................................................. 5.46 6.31 4.85
1987............................................................. 7.01 10.93 5.36
1988............................................................. 6.53 7.82 6.05
1989............................................................. 5.50 6.21 5.04
1990............................................................. 4.83 5.36 3.95
1991............................................................. 4.06 4.57 3.55
1992............................................................. 3.95 4.34 3.65
1993............................................................. 4.31 5.42 3.56
1994............................................................. 5.28 5.75 4.64
1995............................................................. 5.19 6.04 4.41
1996............................................................. 5.19 5.83 4.71
1997............................................................. 5.17 6.27 4.22
1998............................................................. 5.54 6.83 4.88
1999............................................................. 5.22 5.75 4.88
</TABLE>
____________
Source: Silver Institute and Kitco
32
<PAGE>
Zinc and Lead Markets
We anticipate that our San Cristobal project will, and that our future
projects may, involve the production of economically significant quantities of
metals other than silver. We expect production from San Cristobal to include
the extraction, processing and sale of significant quantities of zinc and lead
contained in sulfide concentrates.
Due to the corrosion resisting property of zinc, zinc is used primarily as
the coating in galvanized steel. Galvanized steel is widely used in
construction of infrastructure, housing and office buildings. In the automotive
industry, zinc is used for galvanizing and die-casting, and in the vulcanization
of tires. Smaller quantities of various forms of zinc are used in the chemical
and pharmaceutical industries, including fertilizers, food supplements and
cosmetics, and in specialty electronic applications such as satellite receivers.
The western world industrial consumption of zinc in 1999 was estimated in
generally available industry publications of the International Lead Zinc Study
Group, also known as ILZSG, and Brook Hunt at approximately 6.73 million tonnes
compared to an estimated available supply of 6.60 million tonnes. The implied
deficit resulted in a decrease in zinc metal stocks to approximately 0.85
million tonnes. Recycled zinc accounts for about 8% of the zinc consumed
annually.
The primary use of lead is in motor vehicle batteries, but it is also used
in cable sheathing, shot for ammunition and alloying. Lead in chemical form is
used in alloys, glass and plastics. Western world industrial consumption of
lead in 1999 is estimated by ILZSG and Brook Hunt at 5.46 million tonnes. Lead
is widely recycled, with secondary production accounting in recent years for
approximately 55% to 60% of total supply. According to ILZSG, 5.55 million
tonnes of lead were produced in 1999.
The following table sets forth the annual average spot prices for zinc and
lead on the London Metals Exchange since 1978.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Zinc Lead
- ---- ---- ----
(U.S. cents per pound)
<S> <C> <C>
1978.............................................................. 31.0 33.7
1979.............................................................. 33.5 52.6
1980.............................................................. 34.4 41.4
1981.............................................................. 38.3 33.5
1982.............................................................. 33.7 24.7
1983.............................................................. 34.6 19.3
1984.............................................................. 41.7 20.1
1985.............................................................. 35.5 17.7
1986.............................................................. 34.1 18.4
1987.............................................................. 36.2 27.0
1988.............................................................. 56.3 29.7
1989.............................................................. 77.6 30.5
1990.............................................................. 68.9 36.7
1991.............................................................. 50.7 25.3
1992.............................................................. 56.2 24.6
1993.............................................................. 43.6 18.4
1994.............................................................. 45.3 24.9
1995.............................................................. 46.8 28.6
1996.............................................................. 46.5 35.1
1997.............................................................. 59.7 28.3
1998.............................................................. 46.4 24.0
1999.............................................................. 48.9 22.8
</TABLE>
____________
Source: Fleming Global Mining Group and ILZSG
33
<PAGE>
MANAGEMENT
Directors
Michael Comninos. Mr. Comninos, 68, has been a director since April 1997
and his term will expire in 2001. An international financier, Mr. Comninos
joined N.M. Rothschild & Sons in 1954, becoming a Partner in its corporate
finance group in 1965, and, later, upon the firm's incorporation as N. M.
Rothschild & Sons Limited in 1970, a director. Prior to his retirement from the
firm in 1991, Mr. Comninos served as the head of the firm's investment
management and credit divisions and for ten years served as the chairman of N.M.
Rothschild & Sons (C.I.) Ltd., the firm's merchant banking affiliate in
Guernsey. Mr. Comninos has served as a director of numerous listed real estate
and investment funds and since August 1995 has been a member of the investment
committee of the East European Food Fund, a Luxembourg investment fund managed
by Jupiter Asset Management Bermuda Limited. Mr. Comninos is a member of the
Institute of Investment Management and Research, The Institute of Bankers, The
Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators, and the Association of
Corporate Treasurers.
Harry M. Conger. Mr. Conger, 69, has been a director since April 1997 and
his term will expire in 2001. A leading figure in the international mining
community, Mr. Conger has 42 years of industry experience, rising from shift
boss to Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Homestake Mining Company
(``Homestake''), a New York Stock Exchange listed-company. He served as
Chairman of Homestake from 1982 until 1997 and retired from the Chief Executive
Officer position in May 1986. Over the course of his career, Mr. Conger has
been involved in gold, silver, lead, zinc, uranium, sulfur, coal, iron ore and
copper mining. He has been extensively involved in numerous major project
developments, with both on-site and broader supervisory responsibility,
including the $170 million expansion of an iron ore mine to 25 million tons of
material mined per year, the $165 million greenfield development of a large 20
million tonne surface coal mine, and the $165 million development of a new gold
mine with new technology. Mr. Conger is a former Chairman of the American
Mining Congress, the World Gold Council and is a member of the National Academy
of Engineering. He currently serves on the board of directors of ASA Limited, a
closed-end portfolio of gold stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and
Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), a San Francisco based utility company.
He retired in 1998 from the board of directors of Baker Hughes Inc., an oil and
mining services company based in Houston, Texas, under their ten year tenure
rule; and retired in 1988 from the board of directors of Cal Mat Company of Los
Angeles, an integrated producer of cement, construction aggregates, pre-mixed
concrete and asphalt mixes, and real estate developer.
Eduardo S. Elsztain. Mr. Elsztain, 40, has been a director since March
1996 and his term will expire in 2000. Mr. Elsztain is a director of, and is an
indirect shareholder in, Silver Holdings LDC which was a former shareholder of
our company. Mr. Elsztain is the founder of Consultores Asset Management S.A.,
also known as Consultores, a leading securities portfolio management firm in
Buenos Aires, Argentina formerly known as Consultores de Inversiones Bursatiles
y Financiera S.A. He has served as the President of Consultores since 1989.
Mr. Elsztain is currently the Chairman of the board of directors of IRSA
Inversiones y Representaciones S.A., an Argentine real estate company listed on
the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange and the Mexico
Stock Exchange. He is also the Chairman of the board of directors of Cresud
S.A.C.I.F. y A. and of SAMAP Sociedad Anonima Mercado de Abasto Proveedor, both
of which are listed on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange. Mr. Elsztain studied
Economics at the University of Buenos Aires.
David Sean Hanna. Mr. Hanna, 39, has been a director since March 1996 and
his term will expire in 2000. For the past fifteen years Mr. Hanna has
practiced corporate law with the Bahamian law firm of Arthur D. Hanna & Co, of
which he is a partner. He is also a director of Consolidated Commodities, Ltd.,
also known as Consolidated, which is a shareholder of our company. Mr. Hanna
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<PAGE>
holds an LL.B. (Hons.) from the University of Buckingham, England and in 1983
was called first to the Bar of England and Wales and then as an attorney of the
Supreme Court of The Bahamas.
Ove Hoegh. Mr. Hoegh, 63, has been a director since April 1997 and his
term will expire in 2002. A member of the board of directors from July 1966
until July 1997 of Leif Hoegh & Co. ASA, a family owned shipping business with
more than $1 billion in assets, Mr. Hoegh has more than 30 years of experience
in the international shipping industry. From 1970 to 1982, he served as Chief
Operating Officer and Chief Executive Officer of Leif Hoegh & Co. ASA. Since
1982, he has served as the senior partner of Hoegh Invest A/S, a family
investment company with a diversified portfolio of technology, oil and gas and
real estate holdings. In addition, Mr. Hoegh served for eight years as a member
of the board of directors and executive committee of Brown Boveri (Norway), and
also has served on the shareholders' councils of Esso Norway, Den Norske
Creditbank, and Det Norske Veritas. Mr. Hoegh is a member of the board of the
Energy Policy Foundation of Norway, a former member of the steering committee of
the International Maritime Industry Forum, and a former Vice Chairman of the
executive committee of the Independent Tanker Owners' Association. He served
for five years as a member of the Harvard Business School Visiting Committee.
Mr. Hoegh is a graduate of the Royal Norwegian Naval Academy and holds a M.B.A.
from Harvard University.
Keith R. Hulley. Mr. Hulley, 60, has been a director since April 1997 and
his term will expire in 2002. A mining engineer with more than 30 years
experience, Mr. Hulley has served as the Chief Operating Officer of Apex
Corporation since its formation in October 1996. He has served as President of
Apex Corporation since March 1998, prior to which he served as the Executive
Vice President of Apex Corporation. From early 1991 until he joined our
company, he served as a member of the board of directors and the Director of
Operations at Western Mining Holdings Limited Corporation, a publicly-traded
international nickel, gold and copper producer. At Western Mining, Mr. Hulley's
responsibilities included supervising on a global basis strategic planning, mine
production, concentrating, smelting, refining and sales. During this period,
Western Mining produced on an annual basis approximately 90,000 tonnes of
nickel, 700,000 ounces of gold, 80,000 tonnes of refined copper and 1,500 tonnes
of uranium oxide. Mr. Hulley also supervised the development and operation of
Western Mining's Mount Keith open-pit nickel mine, an A$450 million mining
project. Prior to joining Western Mining, Mr. Hulley was the President, Chief
Executive Officer and Chairman of the board of directors of USMX Inc., a
publicly-traded precious metals exploration company. Mr. Hulley also served as
the President of the minerals division and Senior Vice President for Operations
of Atlas Corporation, where he was in charge of mining exploration, development
and production. Previously he was Vice President of Mining and Development of
the U.S. division of BP Minerals, Inc. Over the course of his career, Mr.
Hulley has worked as a miner and shift supervisor in the gold mines of South
Africa, Mine Operation Superintendent of Kennecott Corporation's Bingham Canyon
mine which processed 100,000 tonnes of ore per day, and project manager of the
early phase of the Ok Tedi exploration and development projects in Papua New
Guinea. A member of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical
Engineers and a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Mr.
Hulley holds a B.S. in Mining Engineering from the University of Witwatersrand
and an M.S. in Mineral Economics from Stanford University.
Thomas S. Kaplan. Mr. Kaplan, 37, has been a director since March 1996
and his term will expire in 2000. Mr. Kaplan has been the Chairman of the board
of directors of our company since its inception in March 1996 and is a director
and was the founder of companies we acquired in 1996 through 1998. Mr. Kaplan
is a principal shareholder in Consolidated Commodities Ltd., a shareholder of
our company. For the past ten years, Mr. Kaplan has served as an advisor to
private clients, trusts and fund managers in the field of strategic forecasting,
an analytical method which seeks to identify and assess global trends in
politics and economics and the way in which such trends relate to international
financial markets, particularly in the developing markets of Asia, Latin
America, the Middle East and Africa. Mr.
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Kaplan has managed numerous venture capital investments and portfolio investment
accounts, and is a principal of several entities specializing in direct and
portfolio investments, including Feder Information Services Corporation, Tigris
Financial Group Ltd. and FMS Partners L.P. Mr. Kaplan also serves as a director
of African Plantations Corporation LDC, a Cayman Islands limited duration
company, which owns and operates coffee and tea plantations in eastern and
southern Africa. Mr. Kaplan was educated in Switzerland and England and holds
B.A., M.A., and D. Phil. degrees in history from the University of Oxford.
Richard Katz. Mr. Katz, 57, has been a director since April 1997 and his
term will expire in 2001. An investment banker specializing in international
finance, Mr. Katz was a director of N.M. Rothschild & Sons Limited, London,
England from 1977 until March 1993, having joined them in 1969; he was also a
managing director of Rothschild Italia S.p.A., Milan, Italy from its inception
in 1989 until December 1993. Mr. Katz has been a supervisory director of
Quantum Fund N.V., a Netherlands Antilles investment fund, or one of its
subsidiaries, since 1986. He is also a member of the board of supervisory
directors of a number of other investment funds affiliated with Mr. George
Soros, including Quantum Emerging Growth Fund N.V., and is the Chairman of the
board of supervisory directors of Quota Fund N.V., and the Chairman of the
boards of advisors of Quantum Realty Fund Limited, Asian Infrastructure
Development Fund Ltd., and Quantum Industrial Holdings LDC, a shareholder of our
company. Mr. Katz has served as Vice Chairman of the board of directors of
Outboard Marine Corp., a Delaware company listed on the American Stock Exchange,
since September 1997. Mr. Katz has also served since July 1998 as a non-
executive director of Delancey Estates Plc, which is listed on the London Stock
Exchange.
Kevin R. Morano. Mr. Morano, 46, has been a director since February 2000
and his term will expire in 2000. Mr. Morano served as President and Chief
Operating Officer of ASARCO, Incorporated from April 1999 until its acquisition
by Grupo de Mexico in December 1999. From January 1998 through April 1999 he
served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of ASARCO. In
this capacity he was responsible for all financial functions of ASARCO and for
the operations of its specialty chemical and aggregate businesses. From 1993 to
January 1998, Mr. Morano served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
ASARCO. During this period, he was responsible for all of ASARCO's financial
functions, completing the sale or acquisition of over 20 businesses or
investments and an $800 million financing program and initial public offering of
ASARCO's Peruvian copper mining subsidiary. Mr. Morano held various positions
at ASARCO from 1978 through 1992, including General Manager of the Ray complex,
ASARCO's largest copper operation in Arizona, Treasurer, Director of Financial
Planning and various positions in the Controller's Department. He was employed
by Coopers & Lybrand from 1974 to 1978. Mr. Morano is a certified public
accountant and holds a B.A. in business administration from Drexel University
and an M.B.A. from Rider University.
Charles B. Smith. Mr. Smith, age 61, has been a director since March 2000.
Mr. Smith's term will expire at the annual meeting in 2001. A mining executive
with more than 35 years experience, Mr. Smith served as President and Chief
Executive Officer of Southern Peru Copper Company, the world's seventh largest
copper producer located in southern Peru, from March to December 1999. Mr.
Smith left Southern Peru Copper following the acquisition of ASARCO,
Incorporated, its principal shareholder, by Grupo Mexico. Mr. Smith served as
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Southern Peru Copper
Company from March 1996 to March 1999, and as Vice President, Operations from
November 1992 to March 1997. From May 1974 to November 1992, Mr. Smith served
in various executive positions at Atlantic Richfield Company, including Vice
President of U.S. Operations and Marketing of its subsidiary ARCO Coal Company
from November 1988 to November 1992 and Vice President of Engineering and
Research of its subsidiary Anaconda Minerals Company from June 1984 to November
1988. Mr. Smith's other positions at Atlantic Richfield included Vice President
of General Properties and various positions at Thunder Basin Coal Company,
including mine
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manager and President. From September 1967 to May 1974 Mr. Smith held various
positions at Kaiser Steel Corporation's Eagle Mountain mine in California,
including Chief Engineer and General Mine Superintendent. From May 1961 to
September 1967, Mr. Smith was Mine Supervisor at Inspiration Consolidated
Copper's copper mine in Globe, Arizona. Mr. Smith holds a B.S. in mining
engineering from the University of Arizona.
Paul Soros. Mr. Soros, 73, has been a director since March 1996 and his
term will expire in 2002. Principally involved in private investment activities
during the past five years, Mr. Soros is a director of VDM, Inc. which is a
shareholder of our company. Mr. Soros is a member of the Investment Advisory
Committee of Quantum Industrial Partners LDC, which is a shareholder of our
company. Mr. Soros is involved in the monitoring of the Quantum Group of Fund's
shareholding in Companhia Vale do Rio Doce S.A. of Brazil, its participation in
Global Power Investments, L.P., a joint venture with the International Finance
Corporation and GE Capital Corporation to develop power projects in emerging
economies, serves on the Board of Directors of TVX Gold Inc., and is an active
advisor to our company. Mr. Soros is the founder and former president of Soros
Associates, an international engineering firm specializing in port development
and offshore terminal and material handling projects for the mining industry and
other basic industries. Soros Associates was involved in projects in more than
80 countries, acting on behalf of consortia including USX Corporation, The
Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, Alcan Aluminum Limited and Aluminum
Company of America, and was involved in projects in a majority of the largest
mineral ports in the world. Mr. Soros has served on the Review Panel of the
President's Office of Science and Technology and the U.S.-Japan Natural
Resources Commission. He received the Outstanding Engineering Achievement Award
of the National Society of Professional Engineers in 1989. Mr. Soros holds a
Masters of Mechanical Engineering degree from the Polytechnic Institute of
Brooklyn and is a licensed professional engineer in New York and numerous other
states. In addition, he holds several patents in material handling and offshore
technology, and is the author of over 100 technical articles.
Meetings and Committees of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors met four times during fiscal 1999. Each director,
with the exception of Richard Katz, attended 75 percent or more of the total
number of such meetings and committee meetings on which he served that were held
during 1999.
Audit Committee. The Audit Committee held six meetings during 1999, and is
currently comprised of Messrs. Comninos, Hoegh and Morano. The Audit Committee
reviews the accounting and auditing principles and procedures of our company
with a view to providing for the safeguard of our assets and the reliability of
our financial records, recommending to the Board of Directors the engagement of
our independent accountants, reviewing with the independent accountants the
plans and results of the auditing engagement, and considering the independence
of our accountants.
Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee held one meeting during
1999, and is currently comprised of Messrs. Conger and Soros. The principal
responsibilities of the Compensation Committee are to establish policies and
periodically determine matters involving executive compensation, recommend
changes in employee benefit programs, grant or recommend the grant of stock
options and stock awards under our Employees' Share Option Plan and Non-Employee
Directors' Share Plan and provide counsel regarding key personnel selection.
Project Development Committee. The Project Development Committee was
established in March 2000 and is currently comprised of Messrs. Conger, Hulley,
Smith and Soros. The Project Development Committee reviews and approves major
project development plans and progress and provides guidance to management on
these matters.
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Director Compensation
Our non-employee director compensation program consists of two principal
components: share options and cash payments. The Non-Employee Directors' Share
Plan provides for the automatic grant of (i) an option to purchase a number of
ordinary shares equal to $50,000 divided by the closing price of the ordinary
shares on the American Stock Exchange on the date of the grant to each non-
employee director at the effective date of his or her initial election to the
Board of Directors and (ii) an option to purchase the number of ordinary shares
equal to $50,000 divided by the closing price of our ordinary shares on the
American Stock Exchange on the date of the grant at the close of business of
each annual meeting of the shareholders of our company, and (iii) at the close
of business of each meeting of the Board of Directors, an option valued at
$3,000 calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to purchase
ordinary shares with an exercise price equal to that of the closing price of our
ordinary shares on the American Stock Exchange on such date, regardless of
whether the non-employee director attends the meeting. During 1999, pursuant to
the Non-Employee Directors' Share Plan, each non-employee director received
options to purchase 1,060, 5,149, 858 and 883 ordinary shares at prices of
$8.75, $11.69, $13.25 and $12.06, respectively.
Executive Officers and Certain Personnel
We have no executive officers. Under the Companies Law (1995 Revision) of
the Cayman Islands, directors are authorized to bind the corporation that they
represent. Apex Limited has entered into a Management Services Agreement
pursuant to which it has engaged Apex Silver Mines Corporation, our wholly owned
subsidiary, referred to as Apex Corporation, to provide a broad range of
corporate management and advisory services.
Set forth below are certain personnel of Apex Limited and its subsidiaries.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name Age Position
--- --- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Thomas S. Kaplan......... 37 Chairman of Apex Limited, and Chief Executive Officer of Apex
Corporation
Keith R. Hulley.......... 60 President and Chief Operating Officer, Apex Corporation
Marcel F. DeGuire........ 50 Vice President of Corporate Development, Apex Corporation
Mark A. Lettes........... 50 Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer, Apex Corporation
Larry J. Buchanan........ 55 Chief Geologist, Apex Corporation
Edmond R. LeBlanc........ 41 Vice President, Marketing, Apex Corporation
Douglas M. Smith, Jr..... 56 Vice President, Exploration, Apex Corporation
Linda Good Wilson........ 42 Vice President, Investor Relations, Apex Corporation
Johnny Delgado Achaval... 60 President and Chief Executive Officer, Andean Silver Corporation LDC
Michael F. Shaw.......... 53 Project Manager, San Cristobal, Apex Corporation
</TABLE>
Thomas S. Kaplan. Mr. Kaplan has been the Chairman of the board of
directors of our Company since its inception in March 1996 and is a director and
was the founder of companies we acquired in 1996 through 1998. See "Management-
- -Directors", above.
Keith R. Hulley. See "Management--Directors", above.
Marcel F. DeGuire. Mr. DeGuire serves as Vice President of Corporate
Development of Apex Corporation. Prior to joining Apex Corporation in August
1996, he served as Vice President of Project Development and Regional Director
for those jurisdictions which were formerly part of the Soviet Union for Newmont
Gold Company, a subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corporation. During this period,
Mr.
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DeGuire acted as Project Leader of Newmont's Muruntau large scale open pit
heap leach gold project in Uzbekistan. This facility processes 37,800 tonnes of
ore per day and was built at a cost of $225 million. Mr. DeGuire was directly
involved in the joint venture negotiations leading up to the project, the
subsequent feasibility studies, completion of construction and the commencement
of mining operations. In addition to his work in Central Asia, Mr. DeGuire has
been responsible for various feasibility analyses, including Newmont's Yanacocha
gold project in Peru. During his almost 20 years with Newmont, Mr. DeGuire
worked as resident manager of a uranium mine and rose to President of several of
Newmont's subsidiaries and became a leading expert in environmental management
and mine reclamation, serving as Newmont's Vice President of Environmental
Affairs and Research and Development as well as in other senior executive
positions. Mr. DeGuire is a member of the American Institute of Mining,
Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, the Canadian Institute of Metallurgy, the
Mining and Metallurgical Society of America and has published various articles
on mineral processing and environmental matters. Mr. DeGuire holds a B.S. in
metallurgical engineering from Michigan Technological University and an M.S. in
metallurgical engineering from the University of Nevada, Reno.
Mark A. Lettes. Mr. Lettes has served as Vice President of Finance and
Chief Financial Officer of Apex Corporation since June 1998. Prior to joining
Apex Corporation, Mr. Lettes served from late 1996 to 1998 as Vice President
Trading for Amax Gold Inc. and Director of Treasury for Cyprus Amax Minerals
Company, where he was responsible for all Amax Gold hedging activities. A
financial professional with 25 years experience, Mr. Lettes served as Vice
President and Chief Financial Officer for Amax Gold from 1994 until 1996 where
he was responsible for numerous financings including project financings for the
Fort Knox mine in Alaska and the Refugio mine in Chile, parent-subsidiary
financing arrangements with Cyprus Amax and a convertible preferred issue. Mr.
Lettes started the gold hedging program at Amax Gold and was responsible for all
hedging activities of Amax Gold from 1987 through June 1998, when Amax Gold
merged with Kinross Gold Corporation. From 1979 through 1986, Mr. Lettes held
several positions at AMAX Inc. including Manager of Corporate Development,
Manager Futures Analysis and Group Planning Administration. In those positions,
Mr. Lettes was responsible for planning and economic analysis activities for
AMAX and for business development and acquisition functions. Transactions on
which Mr. Lettes worked at AMAX included the acquisition of the remaining 50% of
Alumax, AMAX's aluminum subsidiary. Prior to his service at AMAX and Amax Gold,
Mr. Lettes held professional positions in the financial departments of United
Technologies and Rockwell International from 1974 until 1979. Mr. Lettes holds a
B.S. in marketing from the University of Connecticut and an M.B.A. from Ohio
State University.
Dr. Larry J. Buchanan. Dr. Buchanan serves as Chief Geologist to Apex
Corporation and is a principal advisor to our international operations. He
joined Apex Corporation in 1995, following five years as an independent
consultant from 1990 through 1994. Dr. Buchanan is a noted exploration geologist
with a reputation as one of the industry's leading experts on epithermal
deposits, on which he has written several definitive texts. His analysis of such
deposits has given rise to the industry paradigm known as ``The Buchanan
Model''. Dr. Buchanan has published eight geological texts, played a key role in
identifying several multi-million ounce gold deposits, and developed
implementation programs for numerous currently producing mines. His consulting
clients have included Cyprus Minerals Company, FMC Corporation, Total Resources,
Inc. and Fischer-Watt Gold Co. Inc. Dr. Buchanan is a shareholder and director
of Begeyge Minera Ltda. Dr. Buchanan holds a B.Sc. and an M.Sc. in geological
engineering and a Ph.D in economic geology from the Colorado School of Mines.
Edmond R. LeBlanc. Mr. LeBlanc has served as Vice President of Marketing
of Apex Corporation since April 1998. Prior to joining us, Mr. LeBlanc served
as Director of Marketing for Westmin Resources Limited from 1995 through March
1998, where he was responsible for sales, transportation and hedging for all of
the company's mineral production. Westmin sold a wide variety of products
including copper, zinc, precious metals and molybdenum concentrates, as well as
precious metal
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<PAGE>
dore and copper cathodes. As a member of Westmin's senior management, Mr.
LeBlanc was instrumental in assessing marketing issues for the company's five-
year strategic plans. From 1990 to 1995, he served as Manager of Special
Projects and Manager of Marketing for Westmin. Mr. LeBlanc commenced his career
in the mining industry as an exploration geologist before specializing in the
marketing of nonferrous concentates and precious metals. He earned a B.S. in
geology from Saint Xavier University
Douglas M. Smith, Jr. Mr. Smith has served as Vice President of
Exploration for Apex Corporation since early 1997. Mr. Smith began his career
with Minas de San Luis, S.A., where he was District Geologist at the Taylotita
mine in Mexico, one of the largest epithermal silver-gold deposits in the world,
and subsequently became Chief Geologist. Prior to joining Apex Corporation, Mr.
Smith was employed for almost 20 years by ASARCO Incorporated, which he joined
in 1977. During his tenure at ASARCO, he held numerous positions including
Manager of the Rocky Mountain Exploration Division and, most recently, Chief
Geologist of the Latin American Exploration Division, where he was responsible
for overseeing all aspects of exploration and project evaluation in Spanish-
speaking countries of the Americas, including Bolivia, Peru, Chile and Mexico.
Mr. Smith holds a B.S. in geology from the University of New Mexico.
Linda Good Wilson. Ms. Wilson joined Apex Corporation as Vice President of
Investor Relations in October 1997. Prior to joining Apex Corporation, Ms.
Wilson served from March through October 1997 as Director of Investor Relations
for Addwest Minerals, a newly listed Canadian junior gold producer. With 14
years of mining experience, Ms. Wilson spent the 10 years prior to March 1997 at
Cyprus Amax in numerous positions, including Director in the Investor Relations
and Treasury Department. Ms. Wilson began her career as a Geologist at AMAX
Inc.'s Mount Tolman Project, a large copper-molybdenum deposit in eastern
Washington. Ms. Wilson holds a B.A. in geology from Colby College and a M.S. in
mineral economics from the Colorado School of Mines.
Johnny Delgado Achaval. Mr. Delgado serves as the Chief Executive Officer
of Andean Silver Corporation LDC, a wholly owned subsidiary of our company. Mr.
Delgado has over 30 years experience in the South American mining industry,
including 15 years as President and principal shareholder of Mineria Tecnica
Consultores Asociados S.A., also referred to as Mintec, which was one of
Bolivia's leading mining consulting firms and the agent for Andean Silver
Corporation LDC from the formation of its Bolivian branch in 1994 until Mintec's
acquisition by us in 1998. Mr. Delgado founded Mintec in 1981. Prior to the
formation of Mintec, Mr. Delgado worked with International Mining Company from
1966 to 1981, where he served initially as Chief of Exploration and Project
Manager and then as Technical Vice President of its tungsten mining holding
company, Estalsa Boliviana S.A. Both before and during his tenure at Mintec,
Mr. Delgado was involved in all aspects of international mining, including the
direction of major exploration efforts in Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Ecuador,
Argentina and Chile, as well as management of mining operations in Bolivia. Mr.
Delgado has taught mining engineering, mining finance and mine geology. He is a
member of the Geological Society of Bolivia, the Society of Bolivian Engineers
and the Mining Club.
Michael F. Shaw. Mr. Shaw has served as Project Manager for the San
Cristobal project since January 1999. Prior to joining Apex Corporation, Mr.
Shaw served from 1996 through 1998 as a Vice President of Tiomin Resources and
as Vice President, General Manager and a director of Panama Cobre, S.A., a
subsidiary of Tiomin. At Tiomin, he was responsible for development activity at
the Cerro Colorado copper deposit in Panama. Mr. Shaw previously served from
1994 to 1996 as Project Director for Cyprus Amax Minerals Company on its solvent
extraction-electrowinning expansion of the Cerro Verde copper mine in Peru.
Under Mr. Shaw's management, Cerro Verde's expansion was completed on schedule
and under budget. In addition, Mr. Shaw has held numerous project management
positions for Bechtel Corporation and Kvaerner Metals (Davy McKee). Over the
course of his career, he helped build
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<PAGE>
the Andacollo gold mine in Chile, the El Abra copper mine in Chile, the Jerritt
Canyon gold mine in Nevada and Magma Copper Company's flash copper smelter in
Arizona. A metallurgical engineer with nearly 30 years experience, Mr. Shaw
began his career as a metallurgist for Phelps Dodge Corporation before
specializing in project management. He earned a B.S. in chemistry and an M.S. in
metallurgical engineering from the University of Texas at El Paso.
41
<PAGE>
As of December 31, 1999, we had approximately 85 full-time employees.
Our subsidiary, Apex Corporation provides management, advisory and
administrative services for our company under a Management Services Agreement
dated October 22, 1996. The services provided by Apex Corporation include:
. identifying and evaluating investment opportunities;
. making recommendations to our board of directors with respect to our
exploration and development activities;
. providing staffing, employees and the necessary expertise to manage our
company's business and monitor our exploration and development
activities; and
. advising us with respect to investments, contractual and financing
activities and providing financial services.
We pay Apex Corporation a service fee in an amount equal to the direct and
indirect costs incurred by Apex Corporation in providing its services, plus 7%
of those costs.
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND OTHER INFORMATION
The following table sets forth certain information for the years indicated
with respect to the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer and the four
other most highly compensated executives of Apex Corporation. Amounts shown as
restricted security awards represent grants of stock which is restricted for two
years. Amounts shown as all other compensation represent employer contributions
to the Apex Corporation 401(k) Plan.
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Annual Long-Term
Compensation Compensation
---------------------- -----------------------------
Restricted Awards
Security Securities All Other
Salary Bonus Awards Underlying Compensation
Name and Principal Position Year ($) ($) ($) Options (#) ($)
- --------------------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ---------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Thomas S. Kaplan............................. 1999 275,000 187,500
Chairman, Apex Limited, 1998 248,750 25,000 -- -- --
and Chief Executive Officer, Apex 1997 213,000 -- -- -- --
Corporation
Keith R. Hulley.............................. 1999 260,000 87,750 54,246 50,000 5,200
President and Chief Operating 1998 233,750 16,250 48,750 -- 5,063
Officer, Apex Corporation (1) 1997 225,000 -- -- -- 4,500
Marcel F. DeGuire............................ 1999 192,500 60,638 20,213 25,000 5,000
Vice President of Development, 1998 184,565 12,500 37,500 -- 5,052
Apex Corporation (2) 1997 180,000 -- -- -- 3,600
Mark A. Lettes............................... 1999 178,000 53,400 17,800 25,000 4,777
Vice President of Finance and Chief 1998 115,642 6,250 18,750 60,000 --
Financial Officer, Apex Corporation (3) 1997 -- -- -- -- --
Douglas M. Smith............................. 1999 130,000 29,250 9,751 15,000 3,900
Vice President of Exploration, 1998 122,500 6,250 18,750 -- 2,550
Apex Corporation (4) 1997 96,666 -- -- 31,250 2,400
</TABLE>
(1) Mr. Hulley's bonuses for 1999 and 1998 included 4,498 and 5,735 restricted
ordinary shares, which were valued at the end of fiscal 1999 at $53,436 and
$68,132, respectively.
(2) Mr. DeGuire's bonuses for 1999 and 1998 included 1,676 and 4,412 restricted
ordinary shares, which were valued at the end of fiscal 1999 at $19,911 and
$52,415, respectively.
(3) Mr. Lettes joined Apex Corporation on June 8, 1998. His bonuses for 1999
and 1998 included 1,476 and 2,206 restricted ordinary shares, which were
valued at the end of fiscal 1999 at $17,535 and $26,207, respectively.
(4) Mr. Smith joined Apex Corporation on March 7, 1997. His bonuses for 1999
and 1998 included 809 and 2,206 restricted ordinary shares, which were
valued at the end of fiscal 1999 at $9,611 and $26,207, respectively.
43
<PAGE>
Share Option Grants
The following table contains further information concerning the share
option grants made to the Chief Executive Officer and the four other most highly
compensated executives of Apex Corporation during the fiscal year ended December
31, 1999. All options granted in 1999 vest ratably over four years, with the
first tranche vesting one year from the date of grant. In the event of a change
in control (as defined in the Employees' Share Option Plan) all unexercised
options are immediately exercisable in full. The weighted exercise price of
share options granted during 1999 was $11.81. The percentage of total options
granted to employees is based on 303,197 options granted to employees in 1999
pursuant to the Employees' Share Option Plan.
Amounts shown as potential realizable values are based on compounded annual
rates of share price appreciation of five and ten percent over the 10-year term
of the options, as mandated by rules of the SEC, and are not indicative of
expected share price performance. Actual gains, if any, on share option
exercises are dependent on future performance of the overall market conditions,
as well as the option holders' continued employment through the vesting period.
The amounts reflected in this table may not necessarily be achieved or may be
exceeded. The indicated amounts are net of the option exercise price but before
taxes that may be payable upon exercise.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Option Grants in Last Fiscal Year
Individual Grants
----------------- Potential
Realizable
Value at Assumed
% of Total Annual Rates of
Number of Options Share Price
Securities Granted to Appreciation for
Underlying Employees Exercise or Option Term
Options In Fiscal Base Price Expiration -----------
Name Granted Year ($/Sh) Date 5% 10%
---- ------- ---- ---------- ----------- -------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Thomas S. Kaplan.... -- -- -- -- -- --
Keith R. Hulley..... 50,000 16.0 $12.06 12/14/2009 30,156 60,313
Marcel F. DeGuire... 25,000 8.0 $12.06 12/14/2009 15,078 30,156
Mark A. Lettes...... 25,000 8.0 $12.06 12/14/2009 15,078 30,156
Douglas M. Smith.... 15,000 5.0 $12.06 12/14/2009 9,047 18,094
</TABLE>
Option Exercises and Holdings
The following table sets forth information with respect to the Chief
Executive Officer and the four other most highly compensated executives of Apex
Corporation concerning unexercised options held as of December 31, 1999.
44
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Aggregated Option Exercises in Last Fiscal Year
and Fiscal Year-End Option Values
Number of Value of
Securities Underlying Unexercised
Shares Unexercised Options At In-the-Money Options
Acquired Fiscal Year-End at Fiscal Year-End
On Value ---------------------------------- --------------------------------
Name Exercise Realized Exercisable Unexercisable Exercisable Unexercisable
- ------------------------ -------------- ------------- ---------------------------------- --------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Thomas S. Kaplan -- -- -- --
Keith R. Hulley......... -- -- 125,000 50,000 $485,000 --
Marcel F. DeGuire....... -- -- 62,500 25,000 $242,500 --
Mark A. Lettes.......... -- -- 15,000 70,000 $ 23,550 $70,650
Douglas M. Smith........ -- -- 23,438 22,812 $ 94,812 $30,312
</TABLE>
__________
* Computed based upon a price of $11.88 share, which was the closing price of
the ordinary shares on December 31, 1999 as quoted by the American Stock
Exchange.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
The current members of the Compensation Committee of our company are
Messrs. Conger and Soros. In addition, Mr. Soros owns 100 percent of VDM, Inc.
which is a shareholder of our company and is also a member of the Investment
Advisory Committee of Quantum Industrial Partners LDC, a shareholder of our
company (see ``Certain Transactions'').
Employment Agreements and Change-in-Control Arrangements
We have entered into employment agreements with Messrs. Hulley, DeGuire,
Lettes and Smith. Each establishes a base salary and provides that the
executive is eligible to participate in employee benefit programs. Each
agreement provided for a share option grant made under the Employees' Share
Option Plan. Twenty-five percent of the options granted to Messrs. Hulley,
DeGuire and Smith vested effective on the date of the employment agreement, with
an additional 25 percent vesting on the three succeeding anniversaries of the
date of the employment agreement. Thus, 100% percent of the options granted to
Messrs. Hulley, DeGuire and Smith under their respective employment agreements
have vested. Twenty-five percent of the options granted to Mr. Lettes vest on
the four succeeding anniversaries of the date of his employment agreement.
Thus, 25% of the options granted to Mr. Lettes have vested. The employment
agreements may be terminated by us at any time. Mr. Lettes' contract contains a
severance provision, which provides six months salary and benefits if terminated
for reasons other than cause on or after June 2, 1999 and before June 2, 2000.
Messrs. Hulley, DeGuire and Lettes have agreed not to join a company whose
primary business is the acquisition and development of silver mines for two
years after termination of employment with us. Mr. Smith has agreed to keep
certain information confidential for two years after the termination of his
employment with us.
The Employees' Share Option Plan, pursuant to which Messrs. Hulley,
DeGuire, Lettes and Smith hold options, provides that in the event of a change
in control of our company (as defined in the Employees' Share Option Plan) all
unvested options become exercisable in full.
45
<PAGE>
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table includes information as of March 29, 2000, except as
otherwise indicated, concerning the beneficial ownership of the ordinary shares
by the following:
. each person known by us to beneficially hold five percent or more of our
outstanding ordinary shares,
. each of our directors,
. each executive officer of Apex Corporation named in the table set forth
under "Executive Compensation and Other Information," and
. all such executive officers of Apex Corporation and directors of our
company as a group.
We have no executive officers. We entered into a management services
agreement pursuant to which we have engaged Apex Corporation, a wholly owned
subsidiary of ours, to provide a broad range of corporate management and
advisory services. Except as otherwise noted, we believe that all of the persons
and groups shown below, based on information furnished by them, have sole voting
and investment power with respect to the ordinary shares indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Beneficial Ownership
--------------------
Number Percentage
------ ----------
Directors and 5% Shareholders of our Company
and Executive Officers of Apex Corporation
<S> <C> <C>
Quantum Industrial Partners LDC (1).......................... 4,992,801 14.48%
Moore Global Investments Ltd./Remington Investment
Strategies L.P./Moore Emerging Markets (2).................. 7,192,599 20.87%
Michael Comninos (3)(4)...................................... 23,745 *
Harry M. Conger (3).......................................... 41,620 *
Marcel F. DeGuire (3)(5)..................................... 68,588 *
Eduardo S. Elsztain (3)(6)................................... 610,299 1.77%
David Sean Hanna (3)......................................... 19,745 *
Ove Hoegh (3)................................................ 19,745 *
Keith R. Hulley (3)(5)....................................... 135,233 *
Thomas S. Kaplan (7)......................................... 6,674,979 19.36%
Richard Katz (3)............................................. 19,745 *
Mark A. Lettes (3)(5)........................................ 18,682 *
Kevin R. Morano (3).......................................... 7,348 *
Douglas M. Smith (3)(5)...................................... 34,265 *
Paul Soros (3)(8)............................................ 760,246 2.21%
Directors of Apex Limited and Officers of Apex Corporation,
as a group.................................................. 20,619,640 59.82%
</TABLE>
____________
* The percentage of ordinary shares beneficially owned is less than 1%.
(1) The address of Quantum Industrial Partners LDC is Kaya Flamboyan 9,
Willemstad, Curacao, Netherlands Antilles. Quantum Industrial Partners LDC
is an exempted limited duration company formed under the laws of the Cayman
Islands. QIH Management Investor, L.P. ("QIHMI"), an investment advisory
firm organized as a Delaware limited partnership, is a minority shareholder
of, and is vested with investment discretion with respect to portfolio
assets held for the account of Quantum Industrial Partners LDC. The sole
general partner of QIHMI is QIH Management, Inc. ("QIH Management"), a
corporation formed under the laws of the
46
<PAGE>
State of Delaware. Mr. George Soros, the sole shareholder of QIH
Management, has entered into an agreement with Soros Fund Management LLC
("SFM LLC"), a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State
of Delaware, pursuant to which Mr. George Soros has, among other things,
agreed to use his best efforts to cause QIH Management to act at the
direction of SFM LLC (the "QIP Contract"). Mr. George Soros is Chairman of
SFM LLC, and as a result of such position and the QIP Contract, may be
deemed the beneficial owner of shares held for the account of Quantum
Industrial Partners LDC. Mr. Stanley F. Druckenmiller, the Lead Portfolio
Manager and a member of the Management Committee of SFM LLC, by virtue of
such position as Lead Portfolio Manager and the QIP Contract, also may be
deemed the beneficial owner of shares held for the account of Quantum
Industrial Partners LDC. The total number of ordinary shares includes the
ordinary shares held by Geosor Corporation and EMOF LLC. Geosor
Corporation, a corporation formed under the laws of the State of New York,
which is wholly-owned by Mr. George Soros, is the registered owner of
1,021,521 ordinary shares. EMOF LLC, a limited liability company formed
under the laws of the State of Delaware, is the registered owner of 566,210
ordinary shares. EMOF Management LLC ("EMOF Management"), a Delaware
limited liability company, is the manager of EMOF LLC and is vested with
investment discretion with respect to portfolio assets held for the account
of EMOF LLC. Mr. George Soros is the Principal Executive Officer of EMOF
Management, and in such capacity may be deemed the beneficial owner of
shares held for the account of EMOF.
(2) The address of Moore Global Investments Ltd./Remington Investment
Strategies L.P./Moore Emerging Markets is 1251 Avenue of the Americas, 53rd
Floor, New York, New York 10020. Moore Capital Management, Inc., a
Connecticut corporation, is vested with investment discretion with respect
to portfolio assets held for the account of Moore Global Investments, Ltd.
and Moore Emerging Markets. Moore Capital Advisors, L.L.C., a New York
limited liability company ("Moore Capital Advisors"), is the sole general
partner of Remington Investment Strategies, L.P. Mr. Louis M. Bacon is the
majority shareholder of Moore Capital Management, Inc. and is the majority
equity holder of Moore Capital Advisors. As a result, Mr. Bacon may be
deemed to be the indirect beneficial owner of the aggregate 7,192,599
shares held by Moore Global Investments Ltd., Moore Emerging Markets and
Remington Investment Strategies L.P. The 7,192,599 shares include ordinary
shares subject to warrants exercisable immediately for 1,458,333 ordinary
shares by Moore Global Investments Ltd./Remington Investment Strategies
L.P./Moore Emerging Markets.
(3) Amounts shown include ordinary shares subject to options exercisable within
60 days: 19,745 ordinary shares for Mr. Comninos; 41,620 ordinary shares
for Mr. Conger; 62,500 ordinary shares for Mr. DeGuire; 19,745 ordinary
shares for Mr. Elsztain; 19,745 ordinary shares for Mr. Hanna; 19,745
ordinary shares for Mr. Hoegh; 125,000 ordinary shares for Mr. Hulley;
19,745 ordinary shares for Mr. Katz; 15,000 ordinary shares for Mr. Lettes;
4,348 ordinary shares for Mr. Morano; 31,250 ordinary shares for Mr. Smith;
and 19,745 ordinary shares for Mr. Soros.
(4) Mr. Comninos is the registered owner jointly with Ann Comninos of 4,000
ordinary shares.
(5) Amounts shown include restricted ordinary shares issued pursuant to our
Employees' Share Option Plan: 6,088 restricted ordinary shares for Mr.
DeGuire; 10,233 ordinary shares for Mr. Hulley; 3,682 restricted ordinary
shares for Mr. Lettes; and 3,015 restricted ordinary shares for Mr. Smith.
(6) Mr. Elsztain is the registered owner of 25,000 ordinary shares. Mr.
Elsztain is the Chairman and majority shareholder of Consultores Asset
Management, S.A. ("Consultores"), the owner of 62,974 ordinary shares.
Consultores is the sole owner of Consultores Management Company Limited
("Consultores Management"), a company formed under the laws of the Isle of
Man. Consultores Management is the manager of Quantum Dolphin Limited, a
private open-end investment fund formed under the laws of the Isle of Man,
which is the registered owner of 502,580 ordinary shares.
(7) Mr. Kaplan, pursuant to voting trust agreements, has voting and dispositive
control with respect to 2,739,154 ordinary shares owned by Argentum LLC and
3,935,825 ordinary shares owned by Consolidated Commodities, Ltd.
(8) Mr. Paul Soros is the registered owner of 100,000 ordinary shares. Mr.
Paul Soros owns 100 percent of VDM, Inc., which is the registered owner of
640,501 ordinary shares.
47
<PAGE>
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
Larry Buchanan, the Chief Geologist of Apex Corporation and a shareholder
of our company, and another individual who is an officer of certain of our
subsidiaries, are shareholders and directors of Begeyge Minera Ltda., from whom
we have the right to purchase the Suyatal Project in Honduras for an aggregate
purchase price of $3,000,000. During 1998 and 1999, Begeyge received no
payments from us in connection with this mineral property.
48
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF ORDINARY SHARES
The following summarizes certain provisions of our Memorandum of
Association, also referred to as the Memorandum, and our Articles of
Association, as amended, also referred to as the Articles. The following
descriptions are intended as a summary only. The full text of our Articles is
available as an exhibit to our first registration statement filed with the SEC.
See "Exhibits" and "Where You Can Find More Information", below.
General
Our authorized share capital consists of one class of 75,000,000 ordinary
shares, par value $0.01 per share, of which 34,471,268 shares were outstanding
as of the date of this prospectus. The board of directors has the power to
designate whether an issue of shares shall be ordinary shares or preference
shares. As of the date of this prospectus no preference shares were
outstanding.
Ordinary Shares
The ordinary shares offered hereby are validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable. There are no provisions of Cayman Islands law, the Memorandum of
Association or the Articles of Association which impose any limitation on the
rights of shareholders to hold or vote ordinary shares by reason of their not
being resident in the Cayman Islands.
Dividends. Holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends ratably
when and as declared by the Board of Directors (subject to the rights of holders
of preference shares).
Voting Rights. Our Articles provide that the quorum required for a general
meeting of our shareholders is not less than one shareholder present in person
or by proxy holding at least 50 percent of the issued and outstanding shares
entitled to vote at the meeting. Unless a greater majority is required by law
or by any provision of our Articles, we may from time to time by special
resolution do any of the following:
. alter or amend our Memorandum or Articles;
. voluntarily liquidate, dissolve or wind-up the affairs of our company;
. reduce our share capital or any capital, redemption or reserve funds, or
any share premium account;
. or change our name or alter our objects.
Each of our shareholders is entitled to one vote per share on all matters
submitted to a vote of shareholders at any shareholders' meeting. All matters
voted upon at any duly held shareholders' meeting must be carried by either an
ordinary resolution or a special resolution. A special resolution requires the
approval of at least two-thirds of the votes cast by holders of our outstanding
voting shares voting together as a single class represented in person or by
proxy at a duly convened meeting. An ordinary resolution requires the approval
of a simple majority of votes cast at a meeting of our shareholders represented
in person or by proxy. All matters, including the election of directors, voted
upon at any duly held shareholders' meeting shall be carried by ordinary
resolution, except the following:
. approval of a merger, consolidation or amalgamation which requires (in
addition to any regulatory or court approvals) the approval of at least
seventy-five percent of our outstanding voting shares, voting together as
a single class,
49
<PAGE>
. any matter that must be approved by special resolution, including any
amendment of our Memorandum and Articles, and
. as so provided in our Articles.
Our Articles provide that, generally, extraordinary general meetings of the
shareholders may be called only by (i) the directors or (ii) at the request in
writing of shareholders owning at least 25 percent of the outstanding shares
generally entitled to vote. This provision may not apply if otherwise required
by law. This provision is also subject to the rights of the holders of any
class or series of shares issued by us having a preference over the ordinary
shares as to dividends or upon liquidation to elect directors in specified
circumstances.
Our ordinary shares have noncumulative voting rights, which means that the
holders of a majority of the ordinary shares may elect all of our directors and,
in such event, the holders of the remaining ordinary shares will not be able to
elect any directors. Our board of directors is presently divided into three
classes, of three directors each. At present, each class is elected for a term
of three years, with the result that our shareholders will not vote for the
election of a majority of directors in any single year. See "Management". Our
Articles provide that directors may be removed by our shareholders only with the
vote of 80 percent of our outstanding shares that are generally entitled to
vote. The classified board provision and the removal of directors by shareholder
provision can only be amended with the vote of 80 percent of the outstanding
shares generally entitled to vote.
This classified board provision could prevent a party who acquires control
of a majority of the outstanding voting power from obtaining control of our
board of directors until the second annual shareholders meeting following the
date the acquirer obtains the controlling share interest. The classified board
provision could have the effect of discouraging a potential acquirer from making
a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the Company and
could thus increase the likelihood that incumbent directors will retain their
positions.
Rights Upon Liquidation. In the event of our voluntary or involuntary
dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, the holders of outstanding ordinary
shares shall be entitled to share ratably in our assets available for
distribution after payment in full of all debts and after the holders of
preference shares have received their liquidation preferences in full.
Transfer of Shares. Our Articles also provide that our board of directors may
suspend the registration of transfers of ordinary shares for such periods as our
board of directors may determine, but shall not suspend the registration of
transfers for more than 40 days.
Miscellaneous. Ordinary shares are not redeemable and have no subscription,
conversion or preemptive rights.
50
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
Presently Outstanding Warrants
We have issued 4,088,158 warrants for the purchase of ordinary shares. Each
of our outstanding warrants is exercisable for one ordinary share at an initial
exercise price of $18.00 per share, subject to any adjustments made pursuant to
the warrant agreement. Our outstanding warrants may be exercised at any time
until November 4, 2002. Our outstanding warrants are subject to a warrant
agreement that contains terms that, other than the exercise price and the
expiration date, are similar to the terms of the warrant agreement by which the
warrants to be issued under this prospectus will be governed.
Warrants to be Issued
General
The warrants are being issued pursuant to a warrant agreement between our
company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as the warrant agent. The
following summary of the material provisions of the warrant agreement are not
complete. You should refer to the warrant agreement, a copy of which will be
filed with the SEC prior to the issuance of the units.
The warrants offered by this prospectus are initially exercisable for an
aggregate of . ordinary shares. Each warrant is exercisable for one ordinary
share at an exercise price of $. per share. If an adjustment of the exercise
price occurs, the number of ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the
warrants would increase or decrease proportionately. See "--Adjustment." The
warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on ..
We have reserved and will continue to reserve out of our authorized share
capital, a number of ordinary shares sufficient to provide for the issuance of
ordinary shares upon the exercise of the warrants.
The certificates for the warrants will be numbered and registered in a
warrant register maintained by the warrant agent. The registered holder of a
warrant will be treated as the owner of that warrant for all purposes.
Our company will pay any documentary stamp taxes, if any, attributable to
the initial issuance of any warrant certificates or certificates for ordinary
shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants. However, the warrant holder
shall pay any taxes that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in
the issue or delivery of any warrant certificates or certificates for ordinary
shares unless that holder has paid our company the amount of the tax or has
established to our satisfaction that the tax has been paid.
There is no public market for the warrants and we do not expect that a
market for the warrants will develop. We cannot assure you that the market
price of the ordinary shares will exceed the exercise price of the warrants.
Transfer of Warrants
The warrants are transferable only on the books of the warrant agent upon
delivery of a warrant certificate, duly endorsed by the registered holder or by
an authorized representative or accompanied by proper evidence of succession,
assignment or authority to transfer. Endorsements must be guaranteed by an
eligible guarantor institution which is a member of a signature guarantee
program satisfactory to the warrant agent. Warrants may be transferred only in
whole, so as to allow the holder of each warrant to purchase one whole ordinary
share. In addition, any transfer of a warrant must be in a minimum
51
<PAGE>
increment of one hundred warrants. Without the prior written consent of our
company, during the first thirty days after the date of the warrant agreement, a
warrant certificate may not be transferred or exchanged other than for the full
number of unexercised warrants that the certificate represents.
Exercise of Warrants.
Each warrant certificate initially entitles the holder of the warrant to
purchase for cash the number ordinary shares indicated on the certificate at the
exercise price of $. per share, subject to any adjustments made pursuant to the
warrant agreement. Warrants may be exercised at any time from the opening of
business on . to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on . . After that time and
date, unexercised warrants will become void.
Subject to the terms of the warrant agreement, a warrant may be exercised
upon:
. the surrender of the warrant certificate evidencing that warrant to the
warrant agent;
. delivery of the subscription form duly executed, with the signature
guaranteed by an eligible institution; and
. delivery of payment of the exercise price by certified or official bank
check.
Upon receipt of the warrant certificate, the duly executed subscription
form and payment of the exercise price, the warrant agent shall cause to be
issued and delivered as soon as practicable the ordinary shares purchased upon
exercise. No fractions of ordinary shares, cash or other consideration will be
issued. If less than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate
are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining
warrants.
Adjustment
An adjustment to the number of ordinary shares purchasable upon exercise of
each warrant will be made if our company takes any of the following actions at
any time while a warrant is outstanding:
. declare a dividend or make a distribution on the ordinary shares payable
in ordinary shares;
. subdivide or reclassify the outstanding ordinary shares into a greater
number of ordinary shares; or
. combine or reclassify the outstanding ordinary shares into a smaller
number of ordinary shares.
If any of these events occur, then the exercise price and the number of
ordinary shares to be issued upon exercise of a warrant in effect on the record
date of these actions will be proportionately adjusted so that the holder of a
warrant exercised after that time shall be entitled to receive the aggregate
number of ordinary shares which, if the warrant had been exercised immediately
before the action, the holder would have owned upon exercise and been entitled
to receive by virtue of the dividend, subdivision, combination or
reclassification.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, no adjustment in the exercise
price will be made unless the increase or decrease is at least 1 percent of the
exercise price. Any adjustments that are not made as a result of the
immediately preceding sentence will be carried forward and taken into account
into any subsequent adjustment. In addition, no adjustment to the exercise
price or other terms of the warrants will be made if the registered holder is to
participate in any transaction on a basis, and with notice, that the
52
<PAGE>
board of directors of our company determines to be fair and appropriate in light
of the basis and notice on which holders of ordinary shares participate in the
transaction.
Mergers, Consolidations and Other Transactions
If (1) we consolidate into or merge or consummate an arrangement,
reconstruction or statutory share exchange with, any other person or company or
(2) any other person or company acquires all of our outstanding ordinary shares,
each registered holder will have the right upon exercise of a warrant and
payment of the exercise price, to purchase the kind and amount of shares of
stock and other securities and property, including cash, that the holder would
have owned or been entitled to receive after the happening of the consolidation,
merger, arrangement, reconstruction or share exchange, had the warrant been
exercised immediately prior to the event.
No Rights as Shareholders
Holders of warrants are not entitled to vote, receive dividends, consent or
receive notice as shareholders with respect to any meeting of shareholders, or
to exercise any rights whatsoever as shareholders.
Modification of the Warrants
Our company and the warrant agent may supplement or amend the warrant
agreement without the approval of any holder in order to cure any ambiguity or
correct or supplement any provision that may be defective or inconsistent with
any other provision of the warrant agreement or as our company and the warrant
agreement deems necessary or advisable, but which do not materially and
adversely affect the interest of the holders.
Our company and the warrant agent may also supplement or amend the warrant
agreement in any other respect with the written consent of the holders of a
majority of the outstanding warrants. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each
holder must consent to the following events, to the extent the events are not
originally provided for in the warrant agreement or made in compliance with
applicable law:
. a change the number or nature of securities purchasable upon the
exercise of any warrant;
. increase the exercise price of any warrant or
. accelerate the expiration date of any warrant.
53
<PAGE>
TRANSFER AGENT
Our registrar and transfer agent for all ordinary shares and warrants for
ordinary shares is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
OTHER CLASS OR SERIES OF SHARES
Our directors may create and issue one or more classes or series of shares
and determine the rights and preferences of each such class or series, to the
extent permitted by our Articles and applicable law.
Preference Shares
Our board of directors is authorized, without further shareholder approval,
to create classes or series of preference shares, to issue preference shares in
such series up to the number of shares of capital stock currently authorized but
not yet issued, and to determine the preferences, rights, privileges and
restrictions of any such series, including the dividend rights, voting rights,
rights and terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, the number of shares
constituting any such series and the designation of such series. See
"Description of Ordinary Shares--General".
The majority vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of
each class or series of preference shares voting together as a class, is
required to authorize any amendment, alteration or repeal of the Articles of
Association, the Memorandum of Association or the adoption of a special
resolution by the shareholders of our company which would adversely affect the
powers, preferences or special rights of the preference shares, including
authorizing any class or series of shares with superior dividend and liquidation
preferences.
DIFFERENCES IN CORPORATE LAW
We are a Cayman Islands corporation; accordingly, the law that governs
corporate matters is the Companies Law (1995 Revision) (the "Companies Law") of
the Cayman Islands. The Companies Law is modeled after the Companies Act of
1985, as amended, of England, and differs in certain respects from laws that
generally apply to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. The following is a
summary of certain significant provisions of the Companies Law (with certain
modifications that apply because of provisions in our Articles) that apply to us
and that differ from provisions that generally apply to U.S. corporations and
their shareholders. These statements are a brief summary of certain significant
provisions of the Companies Law and, do not deal with all aspects of every law
that may be relevant to corporations and their shareholders.
Interested Directors. Our Articles provide that any transaction entered
into between us and any of our directors is not voidable by us nor can the
director be held liable to us for any profit received by the director in
connection with the transaction. The director is entitled to vote as a member of
our board of directors to approve the transaction as long as the nature of the
director's interest is disclosed to our board of directors before they vote on
the transaction.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements. Our Memorandum permits us to acquire the
business of another company and carry on its business. However, unless the
transaction is between us and an entity that we already directly or indirectly
control, we must obtain the approval of the holders of at least 75 percent of
our outstanding ordinary shares and preference shares, if any, voting together
as a single group, at a meeting called for such purpose before we may undertake
any of the following activities:
54
<PAGE>
. merge, consolidate or amalgamate with another company;
. reorganize or reconstruct our Company; or
. sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all of our assets.
In addition, before we could merge or amalgamate with another company or
reorganize and reconstruct our Company, as a general rule, we would need to
obtain the approval of the Cayman Islands courts. Any shareholder that opposed
one of these transactions because he believed it would not provide the
shareholders with the fair value of their shares would have the right to express
his view in a Cayman Islands' court; however, the court ordinarily would not
disapprove the transaction on that ground unless there was evidence of fraud or
bad faith. Furthermore, although dissenting shareholders of a U.S. corporation
would ordinarily have the right to receive payment from the corporation in cash
in the amount of the judicially determined value of their shares if the
transaction was approved and consummated, our shareholders would not have the
same rights.
Shareholders' Suits. There does not appear to be any history of either a
class action or a derivative action ever having been brought by shareholders
against a corporation in the Cayman Islands courts. This lack of any documented
cases may be due to the fact that, until recently, there has been no official
publication in the Cayman Islands of the results legal proceedings.
Additionally, legal proceedings that are subject to the Confidential
Relationships (Preservation) Law of 1976, as amended, are held in closed court.
However, if a class action or a derivative action was initiated against us by a
shareholder, the Cayman Islands courts ordinarily would be expected to follow
English precedent, which would permit a shareholder that owned less than a
majority of our shares to commence an action against or a derivative action in
the name of the corporation only (i) where the act complained of is alleged to
be beyond the corporate power of the corporation or illegal, (ii) where the act
complained of is alleged to constitute a fraud against the minority perpetrated
by those in control of the corporation, (iii) where the act requires approval by
a greater percentage of the corporation's shareholders than actually approved
it, or (iv) where there is an absolute necessity to waive the general rule that
a shareholder may not bring such an action in order that there not be a denial
of justice or a violation of the corporation's memorandum of association.
Indemnification; Exculpation. Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent
to which a company's Articles of Association may provide for the indemnification
of officers and directors, except to the extent that such provision may be held
by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy (for instance, for
purporting to provide indemnification against the consequences of committing a
crime). In addition, an officer or director may not be indemnified for fraud or
wilful default.
Our Articles contain provisions providing for the indemnity by us of an
officer, director, consultant, employee or agent of our company for threatened,
pending or contemplated actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative (including, without limitation, an action by or
the right of the company), brought against such indemnified person by reason of
the fact that such person was an officer, director, consultant, employee or
agent of our company. In addition, our board of directors may authorize us to
purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any such person against any
liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or
arising out of his status as such, whether or not the company would have the
power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of our
Articles.
We also purchase directors and officers liability insurance from third
parties for our directors and officers. Our Articles provide that none of our
directors and officers shall have any liability for the following:
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. for the acts, receipts, neglects, defaults or omissions of any other of
our directors, officers or agents;
. by reason of his having joined in any receipt for money not received by
him personally;
. for any loss on account of defect of title to any of our property;
. on account of the insufficiency of any security in or upon which any of
our money is invested;
. for any loss incurred through any bank, broker or other agent;
. for any loss occasioned by any negligence, default, breach of duty,
breach of trust, error of judgement or oversight on his part; or
. for any loss, damage or misfortune whatsoever which may happen in or
arise from the execution or discharge of the duties, powers,
authorities, or discretions of his office or in relation thereto, unless
it happens through his own dishonesty.
Inspection of Books and Records. Shareholders of a Cayman Islands company
have no general rights to inspect or obtain copies of the list of shareholders
or corporate records of a corporation.
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECTS OF ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
Our Articles contain provisions that make it difficult for a third party to
acquire a majority of our outstanding ordinary shares. These provisions are
designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of our company to
negotiate with our directors. Our directors believe that, as a general rule, the
interests of our shareholders would be best served if any change in control
results from negotiations with the directors. Our directors would negotiate
based upon careful consideration of the proposed terms, such as the price to be
paid to shareholders, the form of consideration to be paid and the anticipated
tax effects of the transaction. However, these provisions could have the effect
of discouraging a prospective acquirer from attempting to obtain control of our
company. If these provisions discourage takeover attempts, they could deprive
you of opportunities to receive takeover premiums for your shares or could
depress the market price of your shares.
In addition to the provisions of our Articles discussed above, the
following information provides a description of other relevant provisions of our
Articles. The descriptions are intended as a summary only. The full text of our
Articles is available as an exhibit to one of our filings with the SEC. See
"Exhibits", below and "Where You Can Find More Information", above.
Shareholder Action by Written Consent. Cayman law permits shareholders to
act by unanimous written consent.
Availability of Ordinary Shares of our Company for Future Issuances. The
availability for issue of shares by our directors without further action by
shareholders (except as may be required by applicable stock exchange
requirements) could be viewed as enabling our directors to make more difficult a
change in control of our company, including by issuing warrants or rights to
acquire shares to discourage or defeat unsolicited share accumulation programs
and acquisition proposals and by issuing shares in a private placement or public
offering to dilute or deter share ownership of persons seeking to obtain control
of our company.
Shareholder Proposals. The Articles provide that if a shareholder desires
to submit a proposal for consideration at an annual general meeting or
extraordinary general meeting, or to nominate persons for
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election as directors, written notice of such shareholder's intent to make such
a proposal or nomination must be given and received by our corporate secretary
at our principal executive offices not later than
. with respect to an annual general meeting, 60 days prior to the
anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual general meeting, and
. with respect to an extraordinary general meeting, the close of business
on the tenth day following the date on which notice of such meeting is
first sent or given to shareholders.
. The notice must describe the proposal or nomination in sufficient detail
for a proposal or nomination to be summarized on the agenda for the
meeting and must set forth the following:
. the name and address of the shareholder,
. a representation that the shareholder is a holder of record of our shares
entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by
proxy at the meeting to present such proposal or nomination, and
. the class and number of our shares which are beneficially owned by the
shareholder.
In addition, the notice must set forth the reasons for conducting such proposed
business at the meeting and any material interest of the shareholder in such
business. In the case of a nomination of any person for election as a director,
the notice shall set forth the following:
. the name and address of any person to be nominated;
. a description of all arrangements or understandings between the
shareholder and each nominee and any other person or persons;
. such other information regarding such nominee proposed by such
shareholder as would be required to be included in a proxy statement
filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, whether or not
we are then subject to such Regulation; and
. the consent of each nominee to serve as one of our directors, if so
elected.
. The presiding officer of the annual general meeting or extraordinary
general meeting shall, if the facts warrant, refuse to acknowledge a
proposal or nomination not made in compliance with the foregoing
procedure.
The advance notice requirements regulating shareholder nominations and
proposals may have the effect of precluding a contest for the election of
directors or the introduction of a shareholder proposal if the procedures
summarized above are not followed and may discourage or deter a third party from
conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or to
introduce a proposal.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Of the _________ ordinary shares and the ________ warrants offered by this
prospectus, _________ ordinary shares and ________ warrants are being sold by
our company directly to purchasers at a price of $_______ per ordinary share and
the $______ per warrant. In connection with this offering, our company has
agreed to pay to ________________. an aggregate commission equal to $________.
This commission may be paid in the form of cash and/or securities of our
company. Up to _________ ordinary shares and ________ warrants may be issued as
part of the commission payable by our company in connection with this offering.
The ordinary shares offered by this prospectus, the warrants, and the ordinary
shares underlying the warrants are expected to be listed on the American Stock
Exchange subject to official notice of issuance.
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LEGAL MATTERS
Some U.S. legal matters, including the validity of the securities offered
by this prospectus, will be passed upon for our company by Akin, Gump, Strauss,
Hauer & Feld, L.L.P., New York, New York, our special legal counsel, and some
Cayman Islands legal matters, including the validity of the securities offered
by this prospectus, will be passed upon for our company by W.S. Walker &
Company, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
EXPERTS
Our audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1999, appearing in this prospectus and Registration Statement have
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, as set
forth in their report on our audited consolidated financial statements appearing
elsewhere in this prospectus and Registration Statement, and are included in
reliance upon their report given upon the authority of PricewaterhouseCoopers
LLP as experts in accounting and auditing.
Reserves for the San Cristobal project were calculated by Mine Reserves
Associates, Inc. All reserve figures that we included in this prospectus have
been included in reliance upon the authority of Mine Reserves Associates, Inc.
as experts in these matters.
CONVERSION TABLE
In this report, figures are presented in both U.S. standard and metric
measurements. Conversion rates from U.S. standard to metric and metric to U.S.
standard measurement systems are provided in the table below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
U.S. Measure Metric Unit Metric Measure U.S. Unit
- ------------ ----------- -------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
2.47 acres................ 1 hectare 0.4047 hectares...... 1 acre
3.28 feet................. 1 meter 0.3048 meters....... 1 foot
0.62 miles................ 1 kilometer 1.609 kilometer...... 1 mile
0.032 ounces (troy)....... 1 gram 31.103 grams....... 1 ounce (troy)
1.102 tons................ 1 tonne 0.907 tonnes....... 1 ton
</TABLE>
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other
information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file at the
SEC's public reference rooms in Washington, D.C., New York, New York and
Chicago, Illinois. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information
on the public reference rooms. Our SEC filings are also available to the public
at the SEC's web site at http://www.sec.gov.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion is a summary of certain Cayman Islands and U.S.
federal income tax consequences of the ownership of ordinary shares and warrants
by an investor that holds the warrants and shares as capital assets. The
discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code and the tax laws of the Cayman
Islands and the U.S. as in effect on the date of this prospectus, which are
subject to change. The discussion does not address all material tax consequences
of the ownership of the ordinary shares and warrants, and does not consider any
specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor,
including tax-exempt entities, insurance companies, banks, broker-dealers,
investors liable for alternative minimum tax, investors who hold ordinary shares
and warrants as part of straddles or hedging or
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conversion transactions or constructive sales, and investors whose functional
currency is not the U.S. dollar, which may be subject to special rules. In
addition, the discussion does not address special rules that could, in some
circumstances, apply to a U.S. Holder of ordinary shares and warrants that owns
directly or by attribution 10% or more of the ordinary shares.
Because the discussion is not exhaustive of all possible tax considerations
relevant to the ownership of ordinary shares and warrants and individual
circumstances may vary and because the discussion is not based upon an opinion
of counsel, prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors
regarding the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences, including
the Cayman Islands tax consequences, of the acquisition, ownership and
disposition of ordinary shares and warrants in their particular circumstances.
Cayman Islands Taxation
There is, at present, no direct income taxation in the Cayman Islands.
Accordingly, income and gains received by our company, and distributions by our
company to our shareholders and gains realized upon the disposition of ordinary
shares and warrants, will be received free of all Cayman Islands income and
withholding taxes. Our company is registered as an exempted company under Cayman
Islands law, and our company has received an undertaking from the Governor-in-
Council of the Cayman Islands to the effect that, for a period of 20 years from
the date of the undertaking, no law that is enacted in the Cayman Islands
imposing any tax to be levied on profits or income or gains or appreciations
will apply to our company nor shall any tax in the nature of estate duty or
inheritance tax be payable on the shares, debentures or other obligations of our
company.
United States Federal Income Taxation
For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. Holder is any beneficial owner that
owns ordinary shares and/or warrants as capital assets and is:
. a citizen or resident of the U.S.,
. a corporation or partnership that is created or organized in the U.S. or
under the law of the U.S. or any state,
. an estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax on its income
regardless of source, or
. a trust, if a court within the U.S. is able to exercise primary
supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S.
fiduciaries have authority to control all substantial decisions of the
trust.
U.S. Holders
Ownership and Disposition of Warrants
Sale of a Warrant. Generally, a U.S. Holder of a warrant will recognize
gain or loss upon the sale of a warrant in an amount equal to the difference
between the amount realized on the sale and the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis
for the warrant. A U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in a warrant generally will
equal its cost, increased by the amount of any constructive distributions to the
U.S. Holder in respect of the warrants as a result of an adjustment to the
conversion ratio. In order to determine the cost of a warrant, the total
purchase price paid for the ordinary share/warrant units offered by this
prospectus must be allocated between the ordinary shares and the warrants
acquired, based upon their relative fair market value. Our company will provide
this information upon request to any holder. Gain or loss attributable to the
sale of an option to buy or sell property is considered gain from the sale of
property that has the same
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character as the property to which the option relates. The warrants relate to
ordinary shares. Accordingly, subject to the discussion below regarding the
passive foreign investment company status of our company, gain or losses
attributable to the sale of warrants generally will constitute capital gains and
losses if the ordinary shares would be a capital asset in the hands of the
warrant holder and will be long term if the warrants have been held for more
than one year.
Exercise of a Warrant. In general, no gain or loss will be recognized by a
U.S. Holder upon the exercise of a warrant. Upon the exercise of a warrant, the
holder's tax basis in the shares so acquired will be the sum of (1) the holder's
adjusted tax basis in the warrant and (2) the cash paid upon exercise of the
warrant. A U.S. Holder's holding period in the ordinary shares so acquired will
begin on the day following the date the warrants are exercised for purposes of
determining whether gain on the sale of the ordinary shares will be treated as
long-term or short-term capital gain.
Expiration of the Warrants. Upon expiration of an unexercised warrant, the
holder will recognize a loss equal to the adjusted tax basis of the warrant in
the hands of the holder. The character of the loss recognized upon the failure
to exercise an option is determined based on the character of the property to
which the option relates. Because the warrants relate to ordinary shares, a
loss recognized upon expiration of a warrant generally will be capital loss if
the ordinary shares would have been a capital asset in the hands of the warrant
holder and will be long term if the warrant was held for more than one year.
Adjustments Under the Warrants. Pursuant to the terms of the warrants, the
number of ordinary shares that may be purchase upon exercise of the warrants is
subject to adjustment from time to time upon the occurrence of the events
described under "Description of Warrants--Adjustment." In some circumstances, a
change in the conversion ratio or any transaction having a similar effect on the
interest of a warrant holder may be treated as a distribution with respect to
any warrant holder whose proportionate interest in the earnings and profits of
the issuer is increased by that change or transaction. As a result, under some
circumstances which may or may not occur, an adjustment pursuant to the terms of
the warrants may be treated as a taxable distribution to the warrant holders to
the extent of our company's current or accumulated earnings and profits, as
determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, without regard to whether the
warrant holders receive any cash or other property. If the warrant holders
receive a taxable distribution, their tax bases in the warrants will be
increased by an amount equal to the taxable distribution.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations. As discussed below, our
company may constitute a passive foreign investment company (PFIC) for any
taxable year. If our company were treated as a PFIC during a U.S. Holder's
holding period for the warrants, then such U.S. Holder will be subject to a
special tax regime in respect of gains realized on the sale or other disposition
of warrants. Although not entirely free from doubt, the PFIC rules should not
apply to gain realized in respect of any warrants disposed of during the same
taxable year in which the warrants are acquired.
In general, under the PFIC rules, a U.S. Holder will be required to
allocate any gain realized on the sale of the warrants to each day during the
Holder's holding period for the warrants, and will be taxable at the highest
rate of taxation applicable to ordinary income for the year to which the gain is
allocable, without regard to the U.S. Holder's other items of income and loss
for such taxable year. This deferred tax, other than the tax on amounts
allocable to the year of disposition, then will be increased by an interest
charge computed by reference to the rate generally applicable to underpayments
of tax, which interest charge generally will be non-deductible interest expense
for individual taxpayers. A U.S. Holder of warrants will not be entitled to
elect to have our company treated as a "qualified electing fund" ("QEF
election") or to a mark to market election, as described below, to alleviate
adverse tax consequences arising from the special tax regime. Holders of
warrants also should note that they may be subject to adverse PFIC consequences
as the result of their possible indirect ownership of certain "lower-tier
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PFICs," which are discussed below. The application of the PFIC rules to
ordinary shares received upon an exercise of the warrants also raise complicated
tax issues. The application of the PFIC rules to holders of warrants is
complex. Investors are urged to consult their U.S. tax advisors with respect to
the PFIC consequences of owning and exercising the warrants.
A U.S. Holder who owns warrants during any year that our company is a PFIC
must file an Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 in respect of such warrants and,
under proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations, in respect of interests in any lower-
tier PFICs.
Prospective investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding
the possible classification of our company as a PFIC as well as the potential
tax consequences arising from the ownership and disposition, directly or
indirectly, of interests in a PFIC.
Ownership and Disposition of Ordinary Shares
Taxation of Dividends
Subject to the discussion under "Passive Foreign Investment Company
Considerations" and "Foreign Personal Holding Company Considerations," under
U.S. federal income tax law, U.S. Holders must include in gross income as a
dividend the gross amount of any distribution paid by our company to the extent
of its current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, as ordinary income when the dividend is received by
the U.S. Holder. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received
deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations. In general, the dividend will
be income from sources outside the U.S., and generally will be treated together
with other items of "passive income" or, in the case of certain holders,
"financial services income" for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Taxation of Capital Gains
Subject to the discussion under "Passive Foreign Investment Company
Considerations," upon a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares, a U.S.
Holder will recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an
amount equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount
realized and the U.S. Holder's tax basis, determined in U.S. dollars, in the
ordinary shares. This gain or loss will be capital gain or loss and, if the
U.S. Holder's holding period for those ordinary shares exceeds one year, will be
long-term capital gain or loss.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations
Classification as a PFIC. Our company will be a PFIC for any taxable year
if 75 percent or more of its gross income for the taxable year is "passive"
income or 50 percent or more of its assets produce or are held for the
production of "passive" income. For purposes of applying these income and asset
tests, our company is deemed to receive its pro rata share of the income, and to
own its pro rata share of the assets, of any corporation in which our company
directly or indirectly owns 25 percent or more of the stock, measured by value.
In addition, although not free from doubt, it is expected that our company will
be deemed to receive its pro rata share of the income, and to own its pro rata
share of the assets, of any partnership in which our company is a partner,
either directly or through one or more intervening partnerships. U.S. Holders
should be aware that the ordinary shares may be treated as stock of a PFIC for
U.S. federal income tax purposes because our company will earn significant
passive income from investments relative to any non-passive income of our
company prior to the commencement by our company of substantial mining
operations. Further, the Internal Revenue Code treats gains from transactions
in commodities, such as silver, as passive income for PFIC purposes unless
"substantially
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all" of a company's business is as an active producer of the commodity.
Applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations interpret "substantially all" to mean that
85 percent or more of a producer's taxable income must be gross receipts from
sales in the active conduct of a commodities business or certain related
activities. Under these rules, we cannot assure you that our company would not
be treated as a PFIC even after it has begun to earn income from mining
operations. In this regard, prospective investors should note that our company
would likely constitute a PFIC even after it begins to generate significant
income from mining operations in the event our company conducts our mining
operations predominantly through the use of independent contractors rather than
directly through the use of our own employees.
Prospective investors should note that the PFIC classification rules are
complex and may apply in numerous unexpected circumstances. Under these rules,
our company could be classified as a PFIC in various circumstances in addition
to those described in the preceding paragraphs. For example, our company could
constitute a PFIC for any taxable year as a consequence of owning substantial
"passive assets" such as cash and marketable securities, including any cash
derived from the issuance of our company's securities or the sale of assets of
our company, even in a year in which our company generates significant income
from direct mining operations.
Consequences of PFIC Status. If our company were treated as a PFIC for any
taxable year of a U.S. Holder's holding period for its shares, unless a U.S.
Holder makes a QEF election or mark to market election in respect of our
company, that U.S. Holder will be subject to a special tax regime (1) in respect
of gains realized on the sale or other disposition of ordinary shares, and (2)
in respect of distributions on ordinary shares held for more than one taxable
year to the extent those distributions constitute "excess distributions."
Although not entirely free from doubt, the PFIC rules should not apply to gain
realized in respect of any ordinary shares disposed of during the same taxable
year in which the ordinary shares are acquired. An excess distribution generally
includes dividends or other distributions received from a PFIC in any taxable
year to the extent the amount of such distributions exceeds 125 percent of the
average distributions for the three preceding years or, if shorter, the
investor's holding period. In general, under the PFIC rules, a U.S. Holder will
be required to allocate such excess distributions and any gain realized on the
sale of the ordinary shares to each day during the Holder's holding period for
the ordinary shares, and will be taxable at the highest rate of taxation
applicable to ordinary income for the year to which the excess distribution or
gain is allocable, without regard to the U.S. Holder's other items of income and
loss for such taxable year. This deferred tax, other than the tax on amounts
allocable to the year of disposition or receipt of the distribution, will then
be increased by an interest charge computed by reference to the rate generally
applicable to underpayments of tax, which interest charge generally will be non-
deductible interest expense for individual taxpayers.
QEF Election. The special PFIC tax rules described above will not apply to
a U.S. Holder if the U.S. Holder makes a QEF election in the first taxable year
of the holder's ownership of the ordinary shares during which our company is a
PFIC and our company complies with specified reporting requirements. Our company
intends to comply with all reporting requirements necessary for U.S. Holders to
make a QEF election with respect to our company and will upon request provide to
U.S. Holders the information that may be required to make a QEF election
effective.
A U.S. Holder that makes a QEF election with respect to our company will be
currently taxable on its pro rata share of ordinary earnings and net capital
gain of our company for each taxable year of our company in which our company
qualifies as a PFIC, regardless of whether the holder receives any distribution
from our company. The U.S. Holder's basis in the ordinary shares of our company
will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed income of our company.
Distributions of income that previously has been taxed will result in a
corresponding reduction of basis in the ordinary shares and will not be taxed
again as a distribution to the U.S. Holder.
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During the period in which our company may be a PFIC, our company may be
entitled to deductions under U.S. federal income tax principles that may
substantially offset earnings of our company. As a result, the pro rata share of
the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of our company that would be
includable by a U.S. Holder making a QEF election may not be material. If this
were the case, U.S. Holders generally could obtain the benefits of making a QEF
election in respect of our company, including the elimination of deferred tax
and interest charges on excess distributions and realized gains, without having
to bear current inclusions of income substantially in excess of distributions
received. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the
most appropriate manner in which to make a QEF election.
Lower-Tier PFICs. At the present time, none of our company's non-U.S.
subsidiaries is or will be classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income
tax purposes. Accordingly, U.S. Holders are not subject to the PFIC rules with
respect to their indirect ownership interests in these subsidiaries.
If our company is a PFIC and, in the future, our company acquires a non-
U.S. subsidiary that is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, U.S. Holders generally would be deemed to own, and also would be
subject to the PFIC rules with respect to, their indirect ownership interests in
any corporate subsidiaries of our company which themselves constitute PFICs.
These indirect corporate subsidiaries are referred to as "lower-tier PFICs." If
our company were a PFIC and a U.S. Holder does not make a QEF election in
respect of any lower-tier PFIC, the U.S. Holder could incur liability for the
deferred tax and interest charge described above if either (1) our company
receives a distribution from, or disposes of all or part of its interest in, a
lower-tier PFIC or (2) the U.S. Holder disposes of all or part of its ordinary
shares. Our company intends to cause any lower-tier PFIC to comply with all
reporting requirements necessary for a U.S. Holder to make a QEF election with
respect to the lower-tier PFIC.
Mark to Market Election. For taxable years beginning after December 31,
1997, a U.S. Holder who owns marketable stock of a PFIC may elect to recognize
any gain or loss on the stock on a mark-to-market basis at the end of the U.S.
Holder's taxable year. If an election is made, any mark-to-market gains, and any
gains realized on disposition of the stock, will be treated as ordinary income.
Mark-to-market losses, and any losses recognized on disposition of the stock to
the extent of the holder's net mark-to-market gains, will be treated as ordinary
losses. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect of
making a mark-to-market election with respect to the ordinary shares, including
the effect of such an election on any lower-tier PFICs that the holder is deemed
to own.
A U.S. Holder who owns ordinary shares during any year that our company is
a PFIC must file an Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 in respect of such
ordinary shares and, under proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations, in respect of
interests in any lower-tier PFICs.
Prospective investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding
the possible classification of our company as a PFIC as well as the potential
tax consequences arising from the ownership and disposition, directly or
indirectly, of interests in a PFIC.
Foreign Personal Holding Company Considerations
Prospective investors should also be aware that special U.S. tax laws would
apply to U.S. Holders of ordinary shares if our company, or any corporate
subsidiary of our company, is characterized as a foreign personal holding
company (FPHC). In particular, if our company, or any corporate subsidiary, is
an FPHC in respect of any taxable year of our company, U.S. Holders may be
subject to current tax on their direct or indirect pro rata share of the income
of the FPHC, as determined for purposes of the FPHC rules, even if no cash
dividend is actually paid by the FPHC. In general, our company, or any corporate
subsidiary of our company, will constitute a FPHC during a taxable year if (1)
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a specified percentage of its income is passive for purposes of the FPHC rules,
and (2) at any time during the taxable year five or fewer individuals who are
U.S. citizens or residents own directly, indirectly or constructively more than
50 percent of the voting power or value of such company's stock. Our company
does not anticipate that it or any of its subsidiaries will be an FPHC
immediately following this offering or in the future. Our company, however, can
provide no assurance as to this conclusion.
Non-U.S. Holders
An investor who is not a U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on any dividends received on the ordinary shares unless (1) the
investor has an office or other fixed place of business in the U.S. to which the
dividends are attributable and either the dividends are derived in the active
conduct of a banking, finance or similar business in the U.S. or the investor is
a non-U.S. corporation the principal business of which consists of trading in
stocks or securities for its own account and other specified conditions are met
or (2) the investor is a foreign insurance company that conducts business in the
U.S. and the dividends are attributable to that business.
An investor who is not a U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on any gain realized on the sale or other disposition of ordinary
shares or warrants unless (1) the investor is engaged in the conduct of a trade
or business in the United States and the gain is effectively connected with that
trade or business or (2) the investor is an individual who is present in the
U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year in which the gain is realized
and other specified conditions are met.
United States Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Under current U.S. federal income tax law, payments of dividends to some
U.S. Holders are subject to information reporting, and a "back up" withholding
tax at a rate of 31 percent if these persons fail to supply correct taxpayer
identification numbers and other information in the required manner. Payments of
dividends to a U.S. Holder (1) made by mail or wire transfer to an address in
the U.S., (2) made by a paying agent, broker or other intermediary in the U.S.
or (3) made by a U.S. broker or by a custodian, nominee or agent that is (a) a
U.S. person, (b) a controlled foreign corporation for U.S. tax purposes, or (c)
a foreign person 50% or more of whose gross income is from a U.S. trade or
business (the persons described in (a), (b) and (c) shall be referred to as a
"U.S. Controlled Person") to that holder outside the U.S. may be subject to U.S.
information reporting requirements. Payments of dividends received by investors
who are not U.S. Holders generally would be exempt from these reporting
requirements, but these persons may be required to comply with certification
and identification procedures in order to prove their exemption from the
reporting requirements. Treasury regulations currently in effect do not require
backup withholding with respect to dividends paid by a foreign corporation such
as our company.
The payment of proceeds of the disposition of ordinary shares or warrants
by a holder to or through the U.S. office of a broker generally will be subject
to information reporting and backup withholding at a rate of 31 percent, unless
the holder either certifies its status as a non-U.S. Holder under penalties of
perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption. The payment of proceeds of the
disposition by a holder of ordinary shares or warrants to or through a non-U.S.
office of a broker generally will not be subject to backup withholding and
information reporting. However, information reporting, but not backup
withholding, may apply to such a holder who sells a beneficial interest in
ordinary shares or warrants through a non U.S. branch of a U.S. broker, or
through a non-U.S. office of a U.S. Controlled Person, in either case, unless
the holder establishes an exemption or the broker has documentary evidence in
its files of the holder's status as a non-U.S. person.
64
<PAGE>
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from payment to a
holder will be refunded, or credited against the holder's U.S. federal income
tax liability, if any, provided that the required information is furnished to
the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.
65
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA INDEX
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
Report of Management...................................................... F-2
Report of Independent Accountants......................................... F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 1999 and 1998.................. F-3
Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998, and 1997 and for the period from December 22, 1994
(inception) through December 31, 1999.................................... F-4
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997 and for the period from December
22, 1994 (inception) through December 31, 1999........................... F-5
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998, and 1997 and for the period from December 22, 1994
(inception) through December 31, 1999.................................... F-6
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements............................ F-7
</TABLE>
F-1
<PAGE>
REPORT OF MANAGEMENT
Management is responsible for the preparation of the accompanying financial
statements and for other financial and operating information appearing in the
annual report. It believes that its accounting systems and internal accounting
controls, together with other controls, provide assurance that all accounts
and records are maintained by qualified personnel in requisite detail, and
accurately and fairly reflect transactions of Apex Silver Mines Limited and
its subsidiaries in accordance with established policies and procedures.
The Board of Directors has an Audit Committee, all of whose members are
neither officers nor employees of the Company or its affiliates. The Audit
Committee recommends independent public accountants to act as auditors for the
Company for consideration by the Board of Directors; reviews the Company's
financial statements; confers with the independent accountants with respect to
the scope and results of their audit of the Company's financial statements and
their reports thereon; reviews the Company's accounting policies, tax matters
and internal controls; and oversees compliance by the Company with the
requirements of federal regulatory agencies. Access to the Audit Committee is
given to the Company's financial and accounting officers and independent
accountants.
/s/ Thomas S. Kaplan /s/ Mark A. Lettes
Thomas S. Kaplan Mark A. Lettes
Chairman Vice President and Chief Financial
Apex Silver Mines Limited Officer
Apex Silver Mines Corporation
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of Apex Silver Mines Limited
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet and the related
consolidated statements of operations, of changes in shareholders' equity and
of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position
of Apex Silver Mines Limited (successor to Apex Silver Mines LDC) and its
subsidiaries at December 31, 1999 and 1998 and the results of their operations
and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 and
the period from December 22, 1994 (inception) through December 31, 1999, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management;
our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements
based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance
with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States which require
that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
March 3, 2000
F-2
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Expressed in United States dollars)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents......................... $ 96,296,577 $26,217,241
Accrued interest receivable....................... 61,119 126,332
Prepaid expenses and other assets................. 301,485 1,197,622
------------ -----------
Current assets.................................. 96,659,181 27,541,195
Mining properties and development costs........... 48,056,283 29,777,360
Plant, buildings and equipment (net).............. 2,505,483 2,229,584
Value added tax recoverable....................... 3,810,460 2,725,803
Other............................................. 45,997 73,092
------------ -----------
Total assets.................................... $151,077,404 $62,347,034
============ ===========
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities
Accrued salaries, wages and benefits.............. $ 118,108 $ 154,800
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities.... 2,092,477 1,580,123
Current portion of notes payable.................. 901,459 248,773
------------ -----------
Current liabilities............................. 3,112,044 1,983,696
Notes payable....................................... 3,137,368 1,966,588
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)............. -- --
Shareholders' equity
Ordinary Shares, $.01 par value, 75,000,000 shares
authorized; 34,466,168 and 26,250,761, shares
issued and outstanding, respectively (Note 1e)... 344,662 262,507
Contributed surplus............................... 192,274,553 97,946,434
Accumulated deficit............................... (47,791,223) (39,812,191)
------------ -----------
Total shareholders' equity...................... 144,827,992 58,396,750
------------ -----------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity...... $151,077,404 $62,347,034
============ ===========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-3
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(Expressed in United States dollars)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the period
December 22,
1994 (inception)
Year ended Year ended Year ended through
December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31,
1999 1998 1997 1999
------------ ------------ ------------ ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Income
Interest and other
income............... $ 1,113,547 $ 2,444,357 $ 961,810 $ 5,571,687
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Total income........ 1,113,547 2,444,357 961,810 5,571,687
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Expenses
Exploration........... 6,013,535 9,965,999 13,357,617 48,166,709
Administrative........ 2,846,057 3,338,812 2,439,722 9,089,572
Amortization and
depreciation......... 232,987 169,116 149,429 665,515
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Total expense....... 9,092,579 13,473,927 15,946,768 57,921,796
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Loss before minority
interest............... (7,979,032) (11,029,570) (14,984,958) (52,350,109)
Minority interest in
loss of consolidated
subsidiary............. -- -- -- 4,558,886
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Net loss for the
period................. $(7,979,032) $(11,029,570) $(14,984,958) $(47,791,223)
=========== ============ ============ ============
Net loss per Ordinary
Share--basic and
diluted(1)............. $ (0.29) $ (0.42) $ (0.72) $ (2.19)
=========== ============ ============ ============
Weighted average Ordi-
nary Shares outstanding
(Notes 1e and 2h)...... 27,601,362 26,212,009 20,929,882 21,790,991
=========== ============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) Diluted earnings per share were antidilutive for all periods presented.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-4
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Expressed in United States dollars)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Accumulated
Deficit & Total
Shares Contributed Comprehensive Shareholders'
Outstanding Amount Surplus Deficit Equity
----------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of shares upon
incorporation, December
22, 1994............... 8,822,546 $ 88,225 $ 5,571,398 $ -- $ 5,659,623
Net loss................ -- -- -- (213,165) (213,165)
---------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, December 31,
1994................... 8,822,546 88,225 5,571,398 (213,165) 5,446,458
Net loss and
comprehensive loss..... -- -- -- (1,861,185) (1,861,185)
---------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, December 31,
1995................... 8,822,546 88,225 5,571,398 (2,074,350) 3,585,273
Issuance of shares in
private placement...... 4,256,700 42,567 32,406,783 -- 32,449,350
Net loss and
comprehensive loss..... -- -- -- (11,723,313) (11,723,313)
---------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, December 31,
1996................... 13,079,246 130,792 37,978,181 (13,797,663) 24,311,310
Purchase of minority
interest in ASC
Bolivia................ 268,496 2,685 2,950,771 -- 2,953,456
Issuance of shares to
associates............. 138,595 1,386 1,523,159 -- 1,524,545
Issuance of shares for
services............... 115,207 1,152 231,566 -- 232,718
Stock option
compensation expense... -- -- 416,562 -- 416,562
Issuance of shares upon
Initial Public
Offering............... 5,523,372 55,234 54,719,730 -- 54,774,964
Net loss and
comprehensive loss..... -- -- -- (14,984,958) (14,984,958)
---------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, December 31,
1997................... 19,124,916 191,249 97,819,969 (28,782,621) 69,228,597
Exchange of Apex LDC
shares................. 7,079,006 70,790 (70,790) -- --
Stock options
exercised.............. 25,001 250 197,473 -- 197,723
Restricted stock
awards................. 21,838 218 185,407 -- 185,625
Unearned compensation... -- -- (185,625) -- (185,625)
Net loss and
comprehensive loss..... -- -- -- (11,029,570) (11,029,570)
---------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, December 31,
1998................... 26,250,761 262,507 97,946,434 (39,812,191) 58,396,750
Stock options
exercised.............. 25,549 256 223,900 -- 224,156
Sale of Ordinary Share
units (net)............ 8,090,132 80,901 94,004,628 -- 94,085,529
Commissions paid in
stock.................. 84,184 842 (842) -- --
Restricted stock
awards................. 15,542 156 187,475 -- 187,631
Unearned compensation
(net).................. -- -- (87,042) -- (87,042)
Net loss and
comprehensive loss..... -- -- -- (7,979,032) (7,979,032)
---------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, December 31,
1999................... 34,466,168 $344,662 $192,274,553 $(47,791,223) $144,827,992
========== ======== ============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-5
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(Expressed in United States dollars)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the period
December 22,
1994
(inception)
Year ended Year ended Year ended through
December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31,
1999 1998 1997 1999
------------ ------------ ------------ --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from
operating activities:
Net cash used in
operating activities
(See Note 9)......... $ (8,288,609) $(11,463,133) $(17,990,299) $(53,652,838)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Cash flows from
investing activities:
Mining properties and
development costs.... (15,017,926) (17,664,436) (5,214,815) (37,897,177)
Purchase of plant,
buildings and
equipment............ (687,280) (1,421,467) (719,146) (3,352,228)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used in
investing activities... (15,705,206) (19,085,903) (5,933,961) (41,249,405)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Cash flows from
financing activities:
Net proceeds from
issuance of Ordinary
Shares............... 94,085,529 -- 55,007,682 191,761,070
Payment of notes...... (236,534) (464,639) -- (701,173)
Proceeds from exercise
of stock options..... 224,156 197,723 -- 421,879
Deferred
organizational and
financing costs...... -- -- -- (282,956)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by
(used in) financing
activities......... 94,073,151 (266,916) 55,007,682 191,198,820
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net increase (decrease)
in cash and cash
equivalents............ 70,079,336 (30,815,952) 31,083,422 96,296,577
Cash and cash
equivalents beginning
of period.............. 26,217,241 57,033,193 25,949,771 --
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Cash and cash
equivalents end of
period................. $ 96,296,577 $ 26,217,241 $ 57,033,193 $ 96,296,577
============ ============ ============ ============
Supplemental non-cash
transactions:
Acquisition of
minority interest in
ASC Bolivia for
Ordinary Shares at
$11 per share........ $ -- $ -- $ 2,953,456
Acquisition of mining
properties for
asssumption of debt.. $ 260,000 $ -- $ 3,506,196
Commitment to fund the
San Cristobal
Foundation
capitalized as mining
properties........... $ 2,000,000 $ -- $ --
Non-cash debt
extinguished by one-
time early cash
payment.............. $ -- $ 826,196 $ --
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-6
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in United States dollars)
1. Incorporation, Recapitalization, Initial Public Offering, Subsequent
Offerings, Ownership and Operations
a. Apex Silver Mines Limited ("Apex Limited" or the "Company") was formed
under the laws of the Cayman Islands in March of 1996 for the sole purpose of
serving as a holding company for certain ownership interests in Apex Silver
Mines LDC ("Apex LDC"). On April 15, 1996, holders of approximately 55% of the
then-outstanding shares of Apex LDC elected to participate, effective as of
the completion of a proposed private placement of shares of Apex Limited which
was completed as of August 6, 1996, in a recapitalization effected by an
exchange, on a one-for-one basis, of their shares in Apex LDC for identical
equity instruments of Apex Limited (the "Recapitalization"). The balance of
shareholders retained a direct ownership interest in Apex LDC. As a result of
this recapitalization, Apex LDC became a majority-owned subsidiary of Apex
Limited. The accompanying financial statements reflect the historical accounts
of the Company's predecessor, Apex LDC. For purposes of the accompanying
consolidated financial statements of Apex Limited, the recapitalization has
been given retroactive effect to the date of incorporation of Apex LDC, with
the results of operations and equity attributable to the other ownership
interests in Apex LDC being reflected in "minority interest in consolidated
subsidiary". Consequently, for purposes of these financial statements, Apex
Limited is considered the successor to Apex LDC.
b. In August of 1996, Apex Limited issued 4,256,700 Ordinary Shares in a
private placement transaction (the "Private Placement") for net proceeds of
$32.4 million. These proceeds were contributed to Apex LDC in exchange for the
issuance by Apex LDC of 4,256,700 shares of its share capital. As a result of
this private placement, the Company's ownership interest in Apex LDC was
increased from approximately 55% to 65%.
c. On December 1, 1997, the Company closed its initial public offering (the
"Offering") of Ordinary Shares. The Company sold 5,000,000 Ordinary Shares at
a price of $11 per share on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol
"SIL". In addition, on December 23, 1997, the underwriters exercised an option
to purchase an additional 523,372 Ordinary Shares at the initial price of $11
per share. Net proceeds raised in the offering were approximately $54.8
million. These proceeds were contributed to Apex LDC in exchange for the
issuance by Apex LDC of 5,523,372 shares of its capital.
d. Apex LDC was incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands on
November 23, 1994 as a 30-year limited duration company on the contribution of
all the assets of its predecessor entity, Apex Silver Mines Ltd., a Bermuda
corporation. (Actual contribution occurred on December 22, 1994.) The
Company's principal activities are the exploration and development of mineral
properties. The Company participates in the acquisition and exploration of
mineral properties for possible future development directly and indirectly
through Apex LDC's principal subsidiaries, Andean Silver Corporation LDC
("Andean"), ASC Bolivia LDC ("ASC Bolivia"), Apex Asia LDC ("Apex Asia"),
Minera de Cordilleras (Honduras), S. de R.L. ("Cordilleras Honduras"),
Cordilleras Silver Mines Ltd. ("Cordilleras Bahamas"), Cordilleras Silver
Mines (Cayman) LDC ("Cordilleras Cayman"), Compania Minerales de Zacatecas, S.
de R.L. de C.V. ("CMZ"), Apex Silver Mines Corporation, ("Apex Corporation")
and ASC Peru LDC ("ASC Peru").
e. In conjunction with the Recapitalization and the Private Placement, Apex
Limited and the shareholders of Apex LDC entered into a Buy-Sell Agreement
(the "Buy-Sell Agreement") which was intended to maintain the same beneficial
interest in Apex LDC attributable to all shareholders of Apex LDC prior to the
Recapitalization and Private Placement. During 1998, pursuant to the terms of
the Buy-Sell Agreement, Apex Limited exchanged 7,079,006 of its Ordinary
Shares for an equal number of Apex LDC shares. Such shares are included in the
34,466,168 Apex Limited Ordinary Shares outstanding at December 31, 1999. At
December 31,
F-7
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
1999, Apex Silver Mines Limited owned 100 percent of Apex LDC. Per the
provisions of the Buy-Sell Agreement, all of the outstanding shares of Apex
LDC are considered Ordinary Shares outstanding for the purposes of computing
net loss per Ordinary Share for the periods presented.
f. In November 1999, pursuant to a shelf registration statement filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company sold 8,090,132 Ordinary
Share units, resulting in proceeds before commissions and fees of
approximately $97.1 million and net proceeds of approximately $94.1 million.
The Ordinary Share units, each priced at $12.00 per unit, were comprised of
one Ordinary Share and one-half warrant exercisable into one-half of an
Ordinary Share at any time on or before November 4, 2002 at a price of $18.00
per Ordinary Share. The warrants, if exercised, would raise an additional
$73.6 million for the Company and would result in the issuance of 4,088,158
Ordinary Shares.
g. The Company, through indirect subsidiaries, is active in Central America
and South America and currently holds interests in, or is the beneficial owner
of, non-producing silver resource properties in Chile, Bolivia, Honduras,
Mexico and Peru. The Company is in the process of evaluating certain of its
properties to determine the economic feasibility of bringing one or more of
the properties into production.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
("GAAP"). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Actual results could
differ from those estimates. The policies adopted, considered by management to
be significant, are summarized as follows:
a. Basis of consolidation
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its majority-owned subsidiaries. Investments in unincorporated joint
ventures are proportionately consolidated consistent with generally accepted
accounting practices in the mining industry.
b. Translation of foreign currencies
Substantially all expenditures are made in United States dollars.
Accordingly, the Company uses the United States dollar as its functional
currency.
c. Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
The Company considers all highly-liquid investments with a maturity of three
months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Short-term investments
include certificates of deposit with maturities greater than three months, but
not exceeding twelve months. Short-term investments are recorded at cost which
approximates fair value.
d. Mining properties, exploration and development costs
The Company expenses general prospecting costs and the costs of acquiring
and exploring unevaluated mining properties. When a property is determined to
have proven and probable reserves, development costs are capitalized. When ore
reserves are developed and operations commence, capitalized costs will be
amortized using
F-8
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
the units-of-production method. Upon abandonment or sale of projects, all
capital costs relating to the specific project are written off in the period
abandoned or sold and a gain or loss is recognized. Beginning September 1,
1997, all costs associated with the Company's San Cristobal Project have been
capitalized. As of December 31, 1999, capitalized property and development
costs related to the San Cristobal Project amounted to $48,056,283. No other
amounts related to mineral properties have been capitalized.
e. Fixed assets
Buildings and equipment are carried at cost and are depreciated on a
straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of three to thirty years.
f. Asset impairment
The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment when events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amount may not be
recoverable. If the sum of estimated future net cash flows on an undiscounted
basis is less than the carrying amount of the related asset, an asset
impairment is considered to exist. The related impairment loss is measured by
comparing estimated future net cash flows on a discounted basis to the
carrying amount of the asset. Changes in significant assumptions underlying
future cash flow estimates may have a material effect on the Company's
financial position and results of operations. To date no such impairments have
been identified.
g. Stock compensation
As permitted under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No.
123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," the Company has elected to
measure compensation expense as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board
Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." Under that method,
the difference between the exercise price and the estimated fair value of the
shares at the date of grant is charged to compensation expense ratably over
the vesting period.
h. Net loss per Ordinary Share
Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net
earnings available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of
shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the
potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to issue
Ordinary Shares were exercised or converted into Ordinary Shares.
Outstanding options to purchase 915,817, 626,571 and 455,625 Ordinary Shares
were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share at December
31, 1999, 1998, and 1997 respectively, because to do so would have been
antidilutive.
i. New accounting pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
Statement of Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities ("FAS 133"). FAS 133, as amended by FAS
137, is effective for all fiscal quarters of all fiscal years beginning after
June 15, 2000 (January 1, 2001 for the Company). FAS 133 requires that all
derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value.
Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in current
earnings or other
F-9
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is designated as part
of a hedge transaction and, if it is, the type of hedge transaction. For fair-
value hedge transactions in which the Company is hedging changes in the fair
value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment, changes in the fair value of
the derivative instrument will generally be offset by changes in the hedged
item's fair value. For cash flow hedge transactions, in which the Company is
hedging the variability of cash flows related to a variable-rate asset,
liability or forecasted transaction, changes in the fair value of the
derivative instrument will be reported in other comprehensive income. The
gains and losses on the derivative instrument that are reported in other
comprehensive income will be reclassified as earnings in the periods in which
earnings are impacted by the variability of cash flows of the hedged item. The
ineffective portion of all hedges will be recognized in current-period
earnings.
The Company is in the process of determining the future impact that the
adoption of FAS 133 will have on its earnings or statement of financial
position.
Other pronouncements issued by authoritative bodies with future effective
dates are either not applicable or not material to the consolidated financial
statements of the Company.
j. Reclassification of prior year balances
Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform to the
classifications being presented at December 31, 1999.
3. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes includes United States federal, state and
foreign income taxes currently payable and deferred based on currently enacted
tax laws. Deferred income taxes are provided for the tax consequences of
differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and
liabilities. A valuation allowance is recognized if, based on the weight of
available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the
deferred tax asset will not be realized.
There is currently no taxation imposed by the Cayman Islands. If any form of
taxation were to be enacted, the Company has been granted exemption therefrom
to January 16, 2015. The Company's subsidiaries which do business in other
countries have not generated income and therefore are not liable for local
income taxes.
As of December 31, 1999 and 1998, operating loss carryforwards generated by
ASC Bolivia amounted to approximately $16.1 and $13.1 million, respectively.
Operating losses (as adjusted for inflation) may be carried forward and
deducted from taxable income indefinitely. The deferred tax asset resulting
from the operating loss carryforwards has been entirely offset by a valuation
allowance.
No net deferred tax assets related to operating losses generated through
December 31, 1999 by the Company's other foreign subsidiaries have been
included in the accompanying financial statements, as all such assets have
been entirely offset by a valuation allowance.
4. Value Added Tax Recoverable
The Company has recorded value added tax ("VAT") paid by ASC Bolivia and
Cordilleras Mexico as recoverable assets. The VAT paid by ASC Bolivia is
expected to be recovered through production from the proven and probable
reserves at the San Cristobal Project that the Company intends to develop.
Bolivian law states that VAT paid prior to production may be recovered as a
credit against Bolivian taxes arising from
F-10
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
production, including income tax. The VAT paid by Cordilleras Mexico is
related to exploration activities and is recoverable upon application to the
tax authorities. Cordilleras Mexico has received VAT refunds relating to VAT
paid through 1996. Applications for refund of the remaining VAT paid through
1999 have been filed and payment is expected in due course. At December 31,
1999, the recoverable VAT recorded by ASC Bolivia and Cordilleras Mexico is
$3,473,181 and $337,279 respectively.
Because of the uncertainty of the recoverability of VAT paid by ASC Peru,
VAT costs incurred by ASC Peru are charged to expense as incurred.
5. Plant, Buildings and Equipment
The components of plant, buildings and equipment were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
Buildings.......................................... $1,137,173 $ 828,077
Mining equipment and machinery..................... 1,267,679 1,513,757
Other furniture and equipment...................... 765,241 229,475
---------- ----------
3,170,093 2,571,309
Less: accumulated depreciation..................... (664,610) (341,725)
---------- ----------
$2,505,483 $2,229,584
========== ==========
Depreciation expense for the periods ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997
totaled $176,395, $112,471 and $92,838, respectively. During 1999 and 1998
respectively, $168,461 and $135,561 of depreciation associated with the San
Cristobal Project was capitalized. No amounts were capitalized during 1997.
6. Notes Payable
The Company's Notes Payable consists of the following:
<CAPTION>
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
San Cristobal area properties...................... $2,238,827 $2,215,361
San Cristobal Foundation........................... 1,800,000 --
---------- ----------
Sub-total........................................ 4,038,827 2,215,361
Less current portion............................... (901,459) (248,773)
---------- ----------
Total............................................ $3,137,368 $1,966,588
---------- ----------
</TABLE>
In 1996, 1997 and 1998 the Company exercised options to purchase the Toldos
and other properties in the San Cristobal area. At December 31, 1999, the
following outstanding notes payable were recorded on the Company's books
related to these options:
Banco de Santa Cruz--The Company will make annual payments of $68,914 for
each of the next six years, plus interest at Banco de Santa Cruz'
preferential rate of interest which was approximately 14% as of December
31, 1999. The note plus accrued interest was being carried on the company's
books for $422,827 at December 31, 1999.
F-11
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
Barex--The Company will make one payment of $900,000 on December 1, 2001.
No interest is due on this note.
Monica de Prudencio--The Company makes monthly payments of $12,000 per
month through June 2004 and a final payment of $8,000 due July 15, 2004. No
interest is due on this debt. The note was being carried on the company's
books for $656,000 at December 31, 1999.
Oscar Bonifaz--The Company makes monthly payments of $10,000 per month
through November 2001. No interest is due on this debt. The note was being
carried on the company's books for $260,000 at December 31, 1999.
In addition to the notes related to the San Cristobal area properties, the
Company is carrying the following note payable:
San Cristobal Foundation--During the fourth quarter of 1999, the Company
entered into an agreement with the San Cristobal Foundation whereby it has
agreed to contribute $2 million to the Foundation through the end of 2005.
A payment in the amount of $200,000 was made to the Foundation during 1999.
7. Stock Option Plans
The Company has established a plan to issue share options and other awards
to be valued in whole or part by reference to the Company's shares for
officers, employees, consultants and agents of the Company and its
subsidiaries (the "Plan"). Under the Plan, the total number of options and
other awards outstanding at any time cannot exceed ten percent of the
Company's share capital. Options granted and other awards under the Plan are
non-assignable. Options exist for a term, not to exceed ten years, as fixed by
the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the
Committee"). Options vest ratably over periods of up to four years with the
first tranche vesting on the date of grant or the anniversary of the date of
grant. Unexercised options expire ten years after the date of grant.
The Company has established a share option plan for its non-employee
directors (the "Director Plan"). Under the Director Plan, the total number of
options outstanding at any one time cannot exceed five percent of the
Company's share capital. Pursuant to the Director Plan non-employee directors
receive (i) at the effective date of their initial election to the Company's
board of directors, an option to purchase the number of Ordinary Shares equal
to $50,000 divided by the closing price of the Ordinary Shares on the American
Stock Exchange (the "AMEX") on such date, (ii) at the close of business of
each annual meeting of the Company's shareholders, an option to purchase the
number of Ordinary Shares equal to $50,000 divided by the closing price of the
Ordinary Shares on the AMEX on such date, and (iii) at the close of business
of each meeting of the Company's Board of Directors, an option valued at
$3,000 calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to purchase
Ordinary Shares with an exercise price equal to that of the closing price of
the Ordinary Shares on the AMEX on such date. Options granted to a non-
employee director vest on the date of the grant and expire 10 years after the
date of the grant or one year after the date that such non-employee director
ceases to be a director of the Company. Options granted under the Director
Plan are transferable only in limited circumstances.
F-12
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
The following table summarizes stock option information:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended Year ended Year ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
1999 1998 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Options outstanding at beginning of
period............................. 626,571 455,625 281,250
Options granted during period....... 358,847 195,947 174,375
Options forfeited or expired during
period............................. (44,052) -- --
Options exercised during period..... (25,549) (25,001) --
--------- --------- ---------
Options outstanding at end of
period............................. 915,817 626,571 455,625
========= ========= =========
Options exercisable at end of
period............................. 563,898 391,222 241,727
Weighted average grant-date fair
value of options granted during
period............................. $1.36 $1.98 $1.08
Weighted average remaining
contractual life................... 8.3 years 8.3 years 8.9 years
</TABLE>
Options granted during the period were at an average exercise price of
$11.76, $10.69 and $8.00 for the years 1999, 1998 and 1997 respectively.
Options granted during 1999 ranged in exercise price from $7.94 to $14.88.
Pro forma information regarding net income is required by SFAS No. 123, and
has been determined as if the Company has accounted for its stock options
under the fair value method of SFAS No. 123. For purposes of calculating the
fair value of options, volatility was not considered for the year ended
December 31, 1997, as the Company was non-public at the date of those grants.
The volatility for 1999 and 1998 is based on the historical volatility of the
Company's stock over its public trading life. The Company currently does not
foresee the payment of dividends in the near term. The fair value for these
options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model with the following assumptions:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended Year ended Year ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
1999 1998 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average risk-free interest
rate............................... 5.64% 5.55% 6.27%
Volatility.......................... 42.10% 48.10% 0.00%
Expected dividend yield............. -- -- --
Weighted average expected life (in
years)............................. 2.73 2.53 2.33
</TABLE>
For the purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the
options is amortized to expense over the options' vesting period. The
Company's pro forma information follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended Year ended Year ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
1999 1998 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
As reported
Net loss........................ $(7,979,032) $(11,029,570) $(14,984,958)
Net loss per Ordinary Share..... (.29) (.42) (.72)
Pro forma
Net loss........................ $(8,509,350) $(11,548,400) $(15,199,421)
Net loss per Ordinary Share..... (.31) (.44) (.73)
</TABLE>
F-13
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
In addition, on December 14, 1999 and December 15, 1998, the Company issued
15,983 and 21,838 respectively of its Ordinary Shares to employees as a
portion of performance bonuses paid during these years. Such shares are
restricted for two years from the date of issuance and may not be traded or
pledged during that period. Should the employee terminate during the
restricted period the shares are forfeited to the Company. The shares, net of
441 forfeited shares, are included in the outstanding shares at December 31,
1999.
8. Related Party Transactions
Apex LDC engaged Tigris Financial Group Ltd. ("Tigris") and LCM Holdings LDC
("LCM") to provide management advisory services to Apex LDC and its
subsidiaries. Tigris is wholly owned by Mr. Thomas S. Kaplan, a director and
officer of Apex LDC and a director and shareholder of the Company. LCM is
wholly-owned by a shareholder of the Company. The LCM consulting arrangement
was terminated at the end of the first quarter of 1997, following the
formation of Apex Corporation. During the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998
and 1997 fees and reimbursed expenses paid to Tigris and LCM for such services
amounted to $20,495, $39,637, and $93,964, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 1997, Apex LDC hired both individuals and
companies ("associates") to perform services on its behalf in countries in
which Apex LDC has mineral interests. These services include property
acquisitions on Apex LDC's behalf, consulting services and administrative
costs. In certain cases persons affiliated with such associates served as
officers or directors of certain Apex LDC's subsidiaries. During the year
ended December 31, 1997, the total amount charged to Apex LDC by such related
associates was $7,395,441 and is included in the statement of operations under
the applicable captions. In 1998 all of these associates became employees or
subsidiaries of Apex LDC and are no longer considered related parties.
Two individuals, one of whom is an officer of a subsidiary and a shareholder
of the Company, the second of whom is an officer of certain of the Company's
subsidiaries, are shareholders and directors of Begeyge Minera Ltda.
("Begeyge"), from whom the Company has the right to purchase the Suyatal
Project in Honduras for an aggregate purchase price of $3,000,000 (see Note
10). Begeyge also served as an associate during the year ended December 31,
1997.
F-14
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
9. Cash Flow Information
A reconciliation of net earnings to cash from operations is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the period
December 22,
1994
(inception)
Year ended Year ended Year ended through
December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31,
1999 1998 1997 1999
------------ ------------ ------------ --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from
operating activities:
Net loss.............. $(7,979,032) $(11,029,570) $(14,984,958) $(47,791,223)
Adjustments to
reconcile net loss to
net cash used in
operating activities:
Amortization and
depreciation....... 232,987 169,116 149,429 665,515
Minority interest in
loss of
consolidated
subsidiary......... -- -- -- (4,558,886)
Stock option
compensation
expense............ 100,589 -- 416,562 517,151
Shares issued in
consideration for
services........... -- -- 1,524,545 1,524,545
Loss on asset
disposals.......... 9,933 -- -- 9,933
Changes in operating
assets and
liabilities:
(Increase) decrease
in accrued interest
receivable......... 65,213 (23,920) (102,412) (61,119)
(Increase) decrease
in prepaid expenses
and other assets... 896,137 (229,572) (813,825) (301,485)
Increase in Value
Added Tax
recoverable........ (1,084,657) (1,374,799) (1,351,004) (3,810,460)
(Increase) decrease
in amounts due from
affiliates......... -- 722,717 (1,254,800) --
Increase (decrease)
in accrued
salaries, wages &
benefits........... (36,692) 114,064 (269,933) 118,108
Increase (decrease)
in accounts payable
and other accrued
liabilities........ (520,182) 205,331 (1,302,711) 24,488
Increase (decrease)
in other assets.... 27,095 (16,500) (1,192) 10,595
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used in
operating activities... $(8,288,609) $(11,463,133) $(17,990,299) $(53,652,838)
=========== ============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
F-15
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
The Company will be required to make expenditures in the following amounts
to maintain its interests in the San Cristobal property.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
San Cristobal................. $790,932 $444,142 $435,224 $426,182 $353,139
The Company has lease commitments associated with the corporate headquarters
office space as follows:
<CAPTION>
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Corporate headquarters office
lease........................ $225,579 $187,987 $ -- $ -- $ --
</TABLE>
Payments associated with this lease were recorded to rent expense by the
Company in the amounts of $146,714, $140,650, and $102,384 for the years ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 respectively.
Contingencies
The Company holds the rights to a portfolio of properties and explores and
evaluates the mineral potential of these properties on an ongoing basis. The
Company's rights to maintain interests in these properties are contingent upon
the payment of certain fees, lease and option payments and/or performance of
work commitments. The Company would be required to make payments or
expenditures in the following amounts should it decide to continue the rights
to the following properties:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Property 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
-------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Bolivia
Ximena Group.......... $ 129,163 $ 119,163 $ 9,163 $ 9,163 $ 9,163
Pulacayo.............. 18,000 18,000 18,000 18,000 18,000
General............... 24,890 24,890 24,890 24,890 24,890
Honduras
Sabanetas............. 65,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000
Mexico
Saltillera and
Platosa(1)........... 700,000 1,100,000 1,200,000 975,000 --
San Luis Cordero...... 269,000 469,000 669,000 869,000 1,126,500
San Juan Cordero(2)... 137,000 218,000 390,000 1,560,000 148,000
General............... 44,900 49,900 34,900 34,900 34,900
Peru
Otuzco(3)............. 54,798 54,798 54,798 54,798 54,798
Aventura(4)........... 15,689 15,689 15,689 15,689 15,689
General............... 19,600 19,600 19,600 19,600 19,600
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total............... $1,478,040 $2,139,040 $2,486,040 $3,631,040 $1,501,540
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) With the final payment in 2003 the Company would own 65% of these
properties. Included in the payment schedule is $1,775,000 in lease
payments and $2,570,000 of work commitments.
(2) The Company would pay an additional $462,000 in February 2004 if it
exercised a purchase option associated with certain portions of the
property. In lieu of this payment, the Company may elect to pay a 2.5% net
smelter return not to exceed $1,250,000.
F-16
<PAGE>
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
An Exploration and Development Stage Company
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(Expressed in United States dollars)
(3) The Company would pay an additional $550,000 if it exercised purchase
options associated with certain portions of the property.
(4) The Company would pay an additional $90,000 if it exercised purchase
options associated with certain portions of the property.
11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company's financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents,
receivables, VAT recoverable, accounts payable, other current liabilities and
long-term debt. Except for the VAT and long-term debt, the carrying amounts of
these financial instruments approximate fair value due to their short
maturities. The estimated fair values of the Company's long-term financial
instruments, as measured on December 31, 1999 and 1998, are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999 1998
--------------------- ---------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Amount Value Amount Value
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
VAT recoverable.................. $3,810,460 $2,999,445 $2,725,803 $2,145,645
Notes payable.................... 3,137,368 2,402,260 1,966,588 1,449,227
</TABLE>
The fair values of the VAT recoverable and the long-term debt are estimated
based on the expected timing of future cash flows.
12. Segment Information
In 1998, the Company adopted SFAS 131, Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information. The Company's sole activity is exploration
for and development of silver properties and, consequently, the Company has
only one operating segment--mining.
Substantially all of the Company's long-lived assets are in Bolivia.
F-17
<PAGE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or
provided in this prospectus. We have authorized no one to provide you with
different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any
state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the
information in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other that the date on
the front of this document.
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
____________ORDINARY SHARES
____________WARRANTS TO PURCHASE ORDINARY SHARES AND
____________ORDINARY SHARES UNDERLYING THE WARRANTS
____________
PROSPECTUS
____________
March __, 2000
<PAGE>
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 13: Other Expenses Of Issuance And Distribution.
The following are the estimated expenses, other than the underwriting
discounts and commissions, expected to be incurred in connections with the
issuance and distribution of the securities registered under this Registration
Statement:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
* Estimated
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee $ 52,800
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMEX Listing Fee................................................................... $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NASD Filing Fee.................................................................... $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Blue Sky Fees and Expenses*........................................................ $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Printing and Engraving Expenses*................................................... $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legal Fees and Expenses*........................................................... $ 150,000
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accounting Fees and Expenses*...................................................... $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Transfer Agent's Fees and Expenses*................................................ $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Miscellaneous*..................................................................... $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total......................................................................... $
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Our Articles of Association provide that that we must indemnify our
directors, officers, employees and agents in connection with the defense of any
civil legal proceedings concerning our company or its affairs, except in the
case of willful default or fraud by such person. To the extent that we are
permitted to do so, we intend to give an indemnity to each of our directors and
to arrange for the liabilities under these indemnities to be covered. We have
directors' and officers' insurance for our directors, officers and some
employees for specified liabilities.
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our
certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage stockholders from
bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. They
may also have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation
against directors and officers, even though an action of this kind, if
successful, might otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. Furthermore, a
stockholders' investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the
costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to
these indemnification provisions. However, we believe that these
indemnification provisions are necessary to attract and retain qualified
directors and officers.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the
registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item 14 of this registration
statement or otherwise may be permitted, the registrant has been advised that in
the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such
liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or
paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the
successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the
II-1
<PAGE>
securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court
of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by
the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
Since March of 1997, ordinary shares have been issued in the following
transactions:
1. Effective as of August 15, 1997, we issued (i) 268,496 ordinary shares
to Mintec in exchange for Mintec's two and one-half percent (2.5%)
interest in ASC Bolivia, (ii) 113,595 ordinary shares to Johnny Delgado
Achaval in consideration of his consulting and other work for us, and
(iii) 25,000 ordinary shares to Mada Limited in consideration for its
and Mr. Golan's work for us.
2. In 1998, pursuant to the terms of an existing buy-sell agreement, our
company exchanged 7,079,006 of our ordinary shares for an equal number
of shares of Apex Silver Mines, a majority-owned subsidiary of our
company. As a result of the exchange of shares, we became the owner all
of the shares of Apex Silver Mines.
We believe that the foregoing described issuances of securities, if they
constitute sales, are exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, by virtue of the exemption provided by Section 4(2) thereof for
transactions not involving a public offering.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) Exhibits. Attached hereto are the following exhibits:
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- ------ ----------------------
<S> <C>
3.1 Form of Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association of the Registrant. (1)
3.2 Form of Amended and Restated Articles of Association of the Registrant. (1)
4.1 Form of Ordinary Share Certificate. (2)
4.2 Form of Ordinary Share Warrant Agreement dated November 5, 1999. (3)
4.3 Form of Ordinary Share Warrant Certificate (included as part of Exhibit 4.2). (3)
5.1 Opinion of W.S. Walker & Company.**
5.2 Opinion of Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P.**
10.1 Summary of the Company's 401(k) Plan.(2)
10.2 Management Services Agreement among Apex Limited and its subsidiaries. (2)
10.3 Non-Employee Directors' Share Plan, as amended. (1)
</TABLE>
II-2
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- ------ ----------------------
<S> <C>
10.4 Employees' Share Option Plan. (1)
10.5 Form of Option Grant to Non-Employee Directors dated April 10, 1997. (4)
10.6 Employment contract between Apex Limited and Marcel F. DeGuire, dated July 23, 1996. (2)
10.7 Employment contract between Apex Limited and Mark A. Lettes, dated May 19, 1998. (1)
10.8 Employment contract between Apex Limited and Keith R. Hulley, dated August 4, 1996. (2)
10.9 Employment contract between Apex Limited and Douglas M. Smith Jr., dated January 21, 1997. (2)
10.10 English translation of Deed of Lease and Purchase Option Contract between Monica de Prudencio and
Mineria Tecnia Consultores Asociados, S.A. (``Mintec''), dated November 7, 1994, regarding the
Tesorera concession, with an attached note from Keith Hulley, a director of Apex Limited, as
required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.11 English translation of Assignment Agreement between ASC Bolivia LDC and Mintec regarding the
rights to the above agreement, with an attached note from Keith Hulley, a director of Apex
Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.12 English translation of the Lease and Purchase Option Contract between Empresa Minera Yana Mallcu
S.A. and Mintec, dated February 7, 1996, regarding the Toldos concession, with an attached note
from Keith Hulley, a director of Apex Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.13 English translation of the Assignment of Lease and Purchase Option Agreement among Banco
Industrial S.A., Mintec and ASC Bolivia LDC, with an attached note from Keith Hulley, a director
of Apex Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.14 English translation of the Purchase Option Agreement between Mintec and Litoral Mining
Cooperative Ltd., dated August 17, 1995, regarding the Animas concession, with an attached note
from Keith Hulley, a director of Apex Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.15 English translation of the Assignment and Assumption Agreement between Mintec and ASC Bolivia
LDC, dated May 22, 1996, regarding the Animas concession, with an attached note from Keith
Hulley, a director of Apex Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.16 English translation of the Purchase Agreement between ASC Bolivia LDC and Litoral Mining
Cooperative Ltd., regarding the Animas concessions with an attached note from Keith Hulley, a
director of Apex Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.17 English translation of the Joint Venture Agreement between Corporacion Minera Boliviano
S.A.(``Comibol'') and ASC Bolivia LDC, regarding the Cobrizos Concession, with an attached note
from Keith Hulley, a director of Apex Limited, as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.18 English translation of the Joint Venture Agreement between Comibol and ASC Bolivia LDC regarding
the Choroma Concession, with an attached note from Keith Hulley, a director of Apex Limited, as
required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
10.19 Board Designation Agreement, dated October 28, 1997, by and between Apex Limited and Silver
Holdings LDC. (2)
10.20 Registration Rights and Voting Agreement, dated October 28, 1997, by and among Apex Limited,
</TABLE>
II-3
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- ------ ----------------------
<S> <C>
Silver Holdings LDC, Consolidated Commodities, Ltd., Argentum LLC, Aurum LLC and Thomas S.
Kaplan. (2)
10.21 Amended and Restated Voting Trust Agreement, dated October 29, 1997, between Thomas Kaplan and
Consolidated Commodities, Ltd. (2)
10.22 Amended and Restated Voting Trust Agreement, dated October 29, 1997, between Thomas Kaplan and
Argentum LLC. (2)
10.23 English translation of the Purchase Agreement between Monica de Prundencio and ASC Bolivia,
regarding the Tesorera and Jayula concessions, dated September 3, 1997, with an attached note
from Keith Hulley as required by Rule 306 of Regulation S-T. (2)
21 Subsidiaries*
23.1 Consent of W.S. Walker & Company (included as part of Exhibit 5.1).**
23.2 Consent of Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P. (included as part of Exhibit 5.2).**
23.3 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.*
23.4 Consent of Mine Reserves Associates, Inc.*
24 Powers of Attorney of the registrant (included on signature page).*
</TABLE>
- ------------------
* Filed herewith.
** To be filed by amendment.
(1) Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1998, first filed with the SEC on March 26, 1999 (File
No. File No. 333-34685).
(2) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Registration Statement on
Form S-1 first filed with the SEC on August 29, 1997 (File No. 333-34685).
(3) Filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 8, 1999
(File No. 001-13627).
(4) Corporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed
with the SEC on May 20, 1998 (File No. 333-53185).
Item 17. Undertakings.
We hereby undertake that:
(a) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of
1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by us pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the
Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of
the time it was declared effective.
II-4
<PAGE>
(b) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act
of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall
be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-5
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant
has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of New York, state of New
York, on March 15, 2000.
APEX SILVER MINES LIMITED
By: /s/ Thomas S. Kaplan .
---------------------------
Thomas S. Kaplan
Chairman, Board of Directors
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS that each person whose signature appears
below constitutes and appoints Keith R. Hulley, Thomas S. Kaplan and Mark A.
Lettes his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, with
full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place
and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments to this
Registration Statement, including post-effective amendments, and any
registration statement for the same offering by this Registration Statement that
is to be effective upon filing pursuant to rule 462(b) under the Securities Act,
and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in connection
therewith, with the SEC, granting unto attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all
intents and purposes as he might or could in person, and hereby ratifies and
confirms all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, or their
substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
- --------- -----
/s/ Thomas S. Kaplan Director March 15, 2000
- --------------------------------- (Registrant's Authorized
Thomas S. Kaplan Representative in the U.S.)
/s/ Michael Comninos Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Michael Comninos
/s/ Harry M. Conger Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Harry M. Conger
/s/ Eduardo S. Elsztain Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Eduardo S. Elsztain
/s/ David Sean Hanna Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
David Sean Hanna
II-6
<PAGE>
/s/ Ove Hoegh Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Ove Hoegh
/s/ Keith R. Hulley Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Keith R. Hulleyd
Director March __, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Richard Katz
/s/ Kevin R. Morano Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Kevin R. Morano
/s/ Charles B. Smith Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Charles B. Smith
/s/ Paul Soros Director March 15, 2000
- ---------------------------------
Paul Soros
II-7
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 21
Significant Subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name Jurisdiction
<C> <S> <C>
1. Andean Silver Corporation Cayman Islands
2. Apex Asia LDC Cayman Islands
3. Apex Metals Ltd. Cayman Islands
4. Apex Partners LDC Cayman Islands
5. Apex Silver Mines Corporation Delaware, USA
6. Apex Silver Mines Cayman Islands
7. ASC Boliva LDC Cayman Islands
8. ASC Partners LDC Cayman Islands
9. ASC Peru LDC Cayman Islands
10. `Asgadmongu' Company Ltd. Mongolia
11. ASM Holdings Limited Cayman Islands
12. Compania Minerales de Zacatecas, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico
13. Cordilleras Silver Mines (Cayman) LDC Cayman Islands
14. Cordilleras Silver Mines Ltd. Bahamas
15. `JSC' Kumushtak Kyrgyzstan
16. Kumushtak Management Company Kyrgyzstan
17. Minera Largo, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico
18. Minera de Cordilleras (Honduras), S. de R.L. Honduras
19. Minera de Cordilleras, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 23.3
Consent of Independent Accountants
We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of
our report dated March 3, 2000 relating to the financial statements of Apex
Silver Mines Limited, which appear in such Registration Statement. We also
consent to the references to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration
Statement.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
March 28, 2000
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 23.4
Consent of Mine Reserves Associates, Inc.
We hereby consent to references to our name and to any analyses
performed by us in our capacity as an independent consultant to Apex Silver
Mines Limited (the "Company") which are set forth in the Registration Statement
on Form S-1 to be filed by the Company with the SEC (the "Commission") on March
30, 2000 or any related abbreviated registration statement filed by the Company
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, or in any amendment to any of the foregoing.
Mine Reserves Associates, Inc.
/s/ Donald C. Elkin
--------------------
Name: Donald C. Elkin
Title: President
Wheat Ridge, Colorado
March 30, 2000
