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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999
Commission File Number 0-20749
Aspect Development, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 25-1622857
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification
incorporation or organization) No.)
1395 Charleston Road, Mountain View CA 94043
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
(650) 428-2700
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, will not be contained, to the best
of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the
Registrant (based on the closing sale price of the Common Stock as reported on
the Nasdaq National Market on March 22, 2000) was approximately $4.8 billion.
The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant's Common Stock as of the
close of business on March 22, 2000 was 61,082,909.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2000 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders is incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K to the
extent stated herein.
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ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
FORM 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1999
Table of Contents
PART I
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Item 1. Business........................................................ 3
Item 2. Properties...................................................... 11
Item 3. Legal Proceedings............................................... 11
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders............. 11
PART II
Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder
Item 5. Matters......................................................... 12
Item 6. Selected Financial Data......................................... 13
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Item 7. Results of Operations ..................... .................... 14
Item 7A. Quantitative & Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk........ 24
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data..................... 25
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Item 9. Financial Disclosure............................................ 46
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.............. 46
Item 11. Executive Compensation.......................................... 46
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.. 46
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.................. 46
PART IV
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-
Item 14. K............................................................... 47
Signatures................................................................ 48
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PART I
This report contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to
future events or Aspect's future financial performance. In some cases,
forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as "may,"
"will," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates,"
"predicts," "potential," or "continue" or the negative of such terms and other
comparable terminology. These statements reflect only management's current
expectations. Actual events or results may differ materially from any forward-
looking statements. Factors that should cause or contribute to such
differences are discussed below and under the captions "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
"Risk Factors." Aspect does not undertake any obligations to update any
forward-looking statements contained in this report to reflect any future
events or developments.
All share and share price information concerning Aspect has been adjusted
to reflect the two-for-one stock split effected in March 2000.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Aspect Development, Inc. ("Aspect" or the "Company") is the leading global
provider of collaborative solutions for business-to-business (B2B) eCommerce
and inbound supply management. Aspect solutions for the enterprise and for
eMarkets and trade exchanges provide decision support and content for
procurement, product development, operations, and eCommerce between trading
partners. The Aspect solutions enable aggregation and collaboration among
design, procurement and operations functions across multiple divisions within
an enterprise, as well as solutions for establishing a collaborative Internet
Exchange, or portal. Aspect believes its B2B eCommerce solutions can enable
customers to reduce direct and indirect/Maintenance, Repair and Operations
(MRO) spending and to accelerate new product introductions. Over 180 of the
world's 200 largest companies are all customers of Aspect.
Aspect's decision support software, content, and data and consulting
services, can reduce the cost of purchased parts and supplies, mission-
critical MRO and plant equipment; speed time to market through multi-division
design collaboration; and improve innovation and product quality through
effective supplier collaboration.
Recent Developments
In January 2000, the Company announced that it had signed a definitive
agreement to acquire TACTech, Inc. Under the terms of the agreement, TACTech
shareholders will receive approximately 450,000 shares of Aspect common stock
in exchange for all the outstanding stock of TACTech. The signed definitive
agreement, which is subject to the approval of TACTech's stockholders and
certain other conditions, will be accounted for by Aspect as a purchase.
On March 13, 2000, i2 Technologies, Inc. and the Company announced a
definitive agreement to merge in a stock-for-stock transaction pursuant to
which the stockholders of Aspect will receive 0.55 shares of i2 Technologies
common stock for each share of Aspect common stock. The merger has been
unanimously approved by the boards of directors of both companies and is
subject to approval by stockholders of both companies and other regulatory
approvals.
Customers
Aspect's customers include more than 180 of the world's largest companies
spanning multiple industries such as electronics/high technology, aerospace
and defense, automotive, industrial equipment, energy, utilities,
chemical/pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods (CPG). Aspect's revenues
in any period are substantially dependent upon a relatively small number of
large sales, ranging from $1 million to $20 million. Aspect expects that this
trend will continue for the foreseeable future. During the year ended December
31, 1999, Motorola and Cooper Industries accounted for 13.6% and 12.4% of
total revenues, respectively.
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Aspect Solutions
Aspect offers three complementary and integrated solutions. Aspect's
Enterprise solutions enable multiple organizations and divisions within a
single business enterprise to collaborate on product development, sourcing and
procurement and operations decisions. Aspect's Exchange solutions enable
companies to quickly create or participate in B2B eCommerce exchanges with
their strategic suppliers and trading partners. Aspect's Content solutions
support both Aspect's Enterprise and Exchange solutions.
Aspect's Enterprise Solutions
Large companies today typically have multiple autonomous divisions or
subsidiaries engaged in designing, manufacturing and selling products to
customers. Many have undergone significant mergers and acquisitions, further
compounding organizational complexity. Invariably, a proliferation of
suppliers, parts, components and materials occurs that is impossible to control
without enterprise-wide decision support processes and standardized content on
parts, components, materials and suppliers.
Aspect's enterprise solutions for Component and Supplier Management (CSM)
are designed to give companies the decision support software and content needed
to streamline inbound supply and support collaboration among even the most
independent divisions and subsidiaries, as well as the extended supplier base.
By collaborating on design, procurement and operations decisions, and
sharing standardized component and supplier content, Aspect's Enterprise
solutions enable companies to:
. Reduce the cost of production parts and supplies by leveraging purchases
on fewer items from a smaller supplier base
. Reduce the cost of mission-critical MRO and office supplies
. Accelerate product innovation and time-to-market by increasing component
and design re-use across the enterprise
. Increase product quality by increasing usage of "preferred" components
and suppliers
The Aspect Enterprise solution suite includes:
. eSource: Decision support for strategic sourcing across multiple
divisions
. eDesign: Decision support for strategic product development through the
use of preferred parts, designs and suppliers
. eOperate: Decision support for the management of mission-critical MRO
Aspect's eXchange Solutions
The Internet has changed how companies do business with their suppliers and
customers, and has opened up new ways to increase profits by collaborating with
trading partners.
Aggregation and collaboration deliver whole new types of benefits for trade
exchange participants, where:
. Multiple buyers aggregate their spend to lower prices
. Buyers and sellers expand the size of their collaboration community for
the design of new products
. Sellers reduce their cost of sales while attracting new business
. Exchange operators secure additional participants by delivering new forms
of value
Aspect eXchange Solutions include:
. eMarket: a tactical decision support application for trading exchanges,
portals and online marketplaces. eMarket automates online business-to-
business trading decisions; enables multiple-company purchases of
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a broad range of commodities; and extends enterprise design solutions to
incorporate larger numbers of design collaboration participants via
Internet connectivity.
. Aspect Content eXchange: a B2B content publishing, discovery, and
distribution platform which manages the digital catalog content required
to enable transactions and decision support for B2B eCommerce. Aspect
Content eXchange integrates with leading B2B eCommerce platforms
including those provided by Ariba ORMS, Commerce One, i2 TradeMatrix,
Oracle and SAP. Also integrates with Aspect Development and Sourcing
Enterprise solutions to increase the value delivered to Aspect's current
customer base and leverage the exchange.
Aspect Content
Aspect's Enterprise and eXchange solutions enable companies to make better
choices about what parts, components and materials to use in production, what
MRO and office supplies to use in daily operations, and which suppliers to buy
from. However, to optimize these choices, companies must have comprehensive
and comparable content data on products and suppliers.
The Aspect Content eXchange platform allows sellers to publish their
content once and make it available to multiple buyers on multiple trade
exchanges. Aspect's custom content services enable buying organizations to
create catalogs of "preferred" products and suppliers for use across their
company. Finally, Aspect's eContent reference databases provide information on
over 17 million items from thousands of suppliers worldwide.
The Company's family of reference databases provides regularly updated
information for components and supplies, component life cycle data, commodity
suppliers, and indirect goods such as mission-critical MRO, plant equipment,
office supplies and computer equipment. The company currently maintains
information on more than 17 million products used by businesses today, and is
aggressively expanding those databases through a variety of means, including
direct sourcing from suppliers, searching from supplier sites, content
acquisition, and the latest addition, Aspect's Content Network that enables
suppliers to update information directly.
Electronic Parts Reference Databases. Aspect's VIP (Very Important Parts)
database contains over 9 million electronic, electro-mechanical and mechanical
components available from more than 1000 manufacturers. The VIP reference
databases include an index of search and select parameters that enables rapid
component search, comparison and selection based on form, fit and function and
other technical characteristics, as well as electronic versions of databooks
and datasheets. VIP component reference databases provide broad, industry-wide
coverage of component manufacturers, enabling users to rapidly access
standardized component information at their desktops instead of searching
manually through many different and often inconsistent paper databooks or web
sites, or receiving information from one manufacturer at a time. The VIP
component reference databases are organized by major device group, including
integrated circuits and discrete semiconductors, passive components, and
electromechanical components. The Company updates its VIP component reference
databases daily and maintains the data on its content web site, AspectWeb.
The VIP family of VIP component reference databases includes the following
individual databases:
. VIP IC and Discrete Semiconductors Reference Database: includes memory,
programmable logic, digital logic, microprocessor, analog, interface,
telecom/datacom, consumer, transistor, diode, transformer and trigger
devices, as well as opto-electronic devices and accessories and
RF/Microwave components and modules.
. VIP Passives Reference Database: includes capacitor, resistor, inductor
and transformer components.
. VIP Electro-Mechanical Reference Database: includes connectors, relays,
and switches.
. VIP Military Specifications Database: includes military characteristics
and specifications for military-rated integrated circuit and discrete
semiconductor components, as well as electronic specification drawings
for passives, electromechanical and mechanical devices.
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LCM Databases. Aspect's LCM (Life Cycle Management) product is a reference
database that provides a repository of component life cycle information
identifying existing obsolete and active components as well as daily
notification and alerts for recently obsoleted components. The database also
includes prediction information on components by estimating the number of
years to end of life. The database can be established to track customer-
specific components with alerts for pending obsolescence of affected parts.
VIS Databases. Aspect's VIS (Very Important Supplier) databases include
supplier information on millions of suppliers. The database is built using
multiple data sources. The Supplier Reference databases provide such
information as contact information, company lineage (headquarter, domestic
ultimate, global ultimate), demographics, supplier risk information and
commodity identification for products and services each supplier provides.
MRO Reference Databases. Aspect has two Maintenance and Repair Operations
("MRO") Reference databases, including MRO-Operations, and MRO-Business
Essentials. The Company's MRO-Operations Reference database contains
information on products from over 5,000 suppliers of operational management
items, such as pipes, valves, fittings, solvents, cleansers, repair items and
hardware. The Company is sourcing data for MRO-Operations from a variety of
suppliers and publishers. MRO-Business Essentials contains standardized,
organized information on over 95% of all commercially available office
products. Manufacturer part numbers are cross-referenced to the part numbers
used by the major suppliers of office products. MRO-Business Essentials
provides standardized information on major commercial computer and office
products and supplies, and is cross-referenced to part numbers used by the
major suppliers. Information on office products in MRO-Business Essentials
spans all standard office products and major office products distributors.
MRO-Business Essentials also contains information on computer equipment,
peripherals, and related supplies.
Preferred Catalogs. Tailored reference databases for commercial off-the-
shelf parts can be implemented in the form of a preferred catalog for
customers, where a unique catalog is created reflecting the parts, commodities
and suppliers that are preferred by each customer. The resulting catalogs are
used by engineering for product development, by procurement for commodity
management, and by manufacturing/operations to support such functions as
requisitioning and plant maintenance. In cases where customers have unique or
proprietary parts or specific suppliers to be cataloged, Aspect uses its
powerful expertise in collecting, cleansing, migrating, enriching and
publishing a variation of Preferred Catalogs called a Design Encyclopedia to
contain the required custom parts, designs, assemblies or equipment spares
information. This same preference management is used by Aspect's Exchange
solution to enable Internet exchanges to offer customized views of content on
the portal site.
Aspect Standard Classification Scheme. All of Aspect's reference databases
utilize Aspect's Standard Classification Scheme (analogous to a table of
contents for products used by an industry), which defines the classification
structure in which the part classes reside and the standard definitions of the
search parameters, including names, descriptions, units of measure, allowable
values and other criteria. Usage of this standard enables rapid search for
needed products across disparate suppliers, automated RFP (request for
proposal) and RFQ (request for quote) management, and spend aggregation.
Aspect Services
The Company provides professional consulting and content services for its
customers. Aspect is the world leader in e-commerce content services, which
typically includes such tasks as legacy data migration, cleansing, and
standardization and enrichment of existing customer and supplier data, as well
the development of electronic catalogs.
Aspect's business process services often partner with other professional
consulting firms to assist the customer in implementing best practices for
enterprise collaboration, inbound supply chain consolidation, design re-use
and strategic sourcing, strategic product development and strategic plant
management.
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Customer Service and Support
The Company's customer service and support organization provides customers
with technical support, training, consulting and implementation services. All
of the Company's current customers have software maintenance agreements with
the Company that provide for one or more of the following services:
Customer Education and Training. Aspect offers training courses designed to
meet the needs of end users, data modeling, knowledge, and integration experts
and system administrators. Aspect also trains customer personnel who in turn
train end users in large global enterprise deployments. Training classes are
provided at Aspect's offices in Mountain View, California; Boston,
Massachusetts; London, England; Tokyo, Japan; and Bangalore, India. Aspect
provides on-site training services upon request by customers at a higher cost.
Fees for education and training services are in addition to and separate from
the fees for software and content products and are typically charged either
per student per class, or on a per diem basis.
Software Maintenance and Support. Aspect offers telephone, e-mail and
facsimile customer support through its central technical support staff at the
Company's headquarters and regional support centers in North America, Europe,
and Asia. Aspect also provides customers with product documentation, release
notes, and on-line help that describe features in new products, known problems
and workarounds, and application notes. Software product license fees do not
cover maintenance. Each customer is entitled to receive certain software
updates, maintenance releases and technical support for an annual fee based on
a percentage of the price of the products under license to such customers. The
annual subscription service fee for Aspect's content products covers all data
updates and maintenance on an ongoing basis for the term of the subscription.
Infinite Supply
Infinite Supply (IS) is a startup company launched by Aspect in the third
quarter of 1999. Infinite Supply's mission is to be a leading global commerce
services provider, providing content and application software services for B2B
portals, marketplaces and exchanges (financial information of IS is
incorporated in the Consolidated Statements of Operations). By acting as a
content and commerce infrastructure conduit between buyers and suppliers,
Infinite Supply becomes a "portal behind the portal"--showcasing the world's
largest e-catalog with 10 million of the most purchased components from the
top 6,500 manufacturers, in addition to direct material and custom e-catalogs.
The IS infrastructure provides B2B connectivity between buyers and
suppliers, via a host of B2B and data content management services, for any
front-end customer facing vertical market portal.
One of the key components of this functionality is Aspect's search engine
eXplore.net. It not only allows buyers to search in all industry-accepted ways
(part name, part number, by distributor, etc.), but it also breaks down the
search results into categories (by product, by distributor, etc.). This allows
buyers to pinpoint the exact products they want more easily and efficiently.
Sales and Marketing
Aspect markets and sells its products and services primarily through a
direct sales force based in Mountain View, California and in field sales
offices in the North American metropolitan areas of Atlanta, Boston, Chicago,
Cleveland, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Houston, Indianapolis, Los Angeles,
Minneapolis, Montreal, Naples, Nashua, Philadelphia, Toronto, and Washington
D.C., and abroad in Zurich, London, Paris, Munich, Tokyo and Bangalore, India.
As of December 31, 1999 the Company's sales and marketing organization
consisted of 304 employees. To support its sales force, the Company conducts a
number of marketing programs, which include public relations, advertising,
senior executive industry conference events, telemarketing, seminars, direct
mail, trade shows and customer advisory board meetings. Aspect's sales team
includes persons performing strategic account management, applications, and
consulting and business development roles. The Company also has worldwide
strategic reselling agreements with i2, SAP, and Commerce One, a joint
marketing and systems integrator agreement with Nihon Unisys, Ltd. (NUL) in
Japan, and a sales representative agreement in South Korea with Advanced
Technology of Engineering Systems Co., Ltd. ("ATE").
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The Company's near-term strategy is to continue its rapid expansion into
the Internet Exchange market, leveraging its knowledge and expertise in
collaborative commerce solutions for the enterprise. Aspect has organized its
sales force to target companies in the leading vertical markets including the
leading companies in the high tech, industrial, aerospace & defense, energy,
chemical, pharmaceutical, consumer packaged goods and related industries, and
to explore additional sales opportunities among its current customer base. The
direct sales force is responsible for joint sales efforts and management of
multiple channels. The 1999 geographic sales breakdown was (in thousands):
North America $84,324 or 88.6%, Europe $8,180 or 8.6% and Asia $2,641 or 2.8%
for a total of $95,145.
International sales accounted for 11.4%, 12.9%, and 17.0% of total revenues
in 1999, 1998, and 1997 respectively. In addition, although the Company
records revenues based on the billing location, certain domestic billings
include licenses that may be deployed by customers or resold through indirect
channels into international locations. Aspect has invested over the last year
in increasing its presence in the European and Asian markets, and intends to
continue to expand its direct sales and marketing activities worldwide, which
will require significant management attention and financial resources.
The Company has committed, and continues to commit, significant time and
financial resources to developing international sales and support channels.
There are a number of risks inherent in the Company's international business
activities, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs
and other trade barriers, costs and risks of localizing products for foreign
countries, longer accounts receivable payment cycles, potentially adverse tax
consequences, currency fluctuations, repatriation of earnings and the burdens
of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws. In addition, revenues of the
Company earned in various countries where the Company does business may be
subject to taxation by more than one jurisdiction, thereby adversely affecting
the Company's earnings. There can be no assurance that such factors will not
have an adverse effect on the revenues from the Company's future international
sales and, consequently, the Company's business, financial condition or
results of operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
The Company generally ships its products within a short period of time
after execution of a license. As a result, the Company typically does not have
a material backlog of unfilled license orders at any given time, and the
Company does not consider backlog to be a meaningful indicator of future
performance.
Strategic Alliance Partners
The Company believes that in order to provide comprehensive B2B e-commerce
solutions, it will be necessary to develop, maintain and enhance close
alliances with vendors of software, and professional services. In addition to
the strategic reselling agreements with i2, Ariba and Commerce One, the
Company has established marketing, integration and strategic alliances with a
number of major vendors, including IBM, HP, EDTN, Arrow Electronics, Dun &
Bradstreet, SDRC/Metaphase Technology, Inc., Oracle, as well as relationships
with a number of the leading consulting groups.
Research and Development
The Company has committed, and expects to continue to commit in the future,
substantial resources to product development. Research and development efforts
are directed at increasing product functionality and solution modules,
improving product performance and expanding the capabilities of the products
to interoperate with third-party software. The Company originally introduced
its CIS software in 1992 and introduced commercial availability of the next
generation Explore client/server software and its VIP content databases in
1995. The Company has regularly released new products and enhancements to
existing products. Although the Company expects that certain of its new
products will be developed internally, the Company may, based on timing and
cost considerations, acquire technology and products from third parties.
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The Company supplements its product development efforts by reviewing
customer feedback on existing products and working with customers and
potential customers to anticipate future functionality requirements. To assist
this effort, the Company hosts a customer advisory board made up of
representatives from many of its key customers, which meets periodically to
provide feedback to the Company's current and future product plans.
The Company's future success will depend in part upon its ability to
enhance its current products and to develop and introduce new products on a
timely basis that keeps pace with technological developments, emerging
industry standards and the increasingly sophisticated needs of its customers.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in developing or
marketing product enhancements or new products that respond to technological
change or evolving industry standards, that the Company will not experience
difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development,
introduction and marketing of these products or that its new products or
product enhancements will adequately meet the requirements of the marketplace
and achieve market acceptance. If the Company is unable, for technological or
other reasons, to develop and introduce new products or enhancements, the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations could be
materially adversely affected.
In addition, applications software and content products as complex as those
offered by the Company frequently contain undetected errors or failures when
first introduced or when new versions are released. The Company has in the
past discovered software and data errors in certain of its products and
enhancements, both before and after initial shipments, and has experienced
delays or lost revenues during the period required to correct these errors.
There can be no assurance that, despite testing by the Company and by current
and potential customers, errors will not occur in products, data or releases
after commencement of commercial shipments, resulting in loss of or delay in
market acceptance, which could have a material adverse effect upon the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
As of December 31, 1999, the Company's research and development
organization consisted of 457 full time employees, 329 of whom are employed by
the Company's facility at Bangalore, India. During 1999, 1998 and 1997,
research and development expenses were approximately $20.1 million, $15.9
million, and $11.2 million, respectively.
Competition
The market for the Company's products is competitive, subject to rapid
change and significantly affected by new product introductions and other
market activities of industry participants. The Company's products are
targeted at the emerging market for open, client/server software, content
databases and services solutions, and many of the Company's competitors offer
software or content to address this market. Among the Company's principal
competitors is Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC), which has expanded its
product vision to include Component and Supplier Management (CSM). Further,
the Company currently faces indirect competition from third-party professional
service organizations and internal information systems and computer-aided
design departments of potential customers that develop custom internal
software.
In the future, because there are relatively low barriers to entry in the
software industry, the Company could experience additional competition from
other established or emerging companies as the Internet application software
market continues to develop and expand. In particular, ERP vendors, PDM
vendors, Supply Chain Management vendors or professional service providers may
enter the Company's market with competitive products. As the Company expands
into Internet-based or other forms of product delivery, it may encounter
additional competition from its existing competitors and other established or
emerging companies. While the Company believes that it has a significant
market advantage with its combination of software, content and services, with
the compilation of content and a significant barrier to entry, there can be no
guarantee of future success. Many of these potential competitors have well-
established relationships with the Company's current and potential customers,
have extensive knowledge of Internet technology, better name recognition and
significantly greater financial, technical, sales, marketing and other
resources and are capable of offering single vendor solutions which span
multiple industries. It is also possible that new competitors or alliances
among competitors
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may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share. The Company also
expects that competition will increase as a result of software industry
consolidations. The Company's competitors may be able to respond more quickly
to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, or to
devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their
products.
Increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins
and loss of market share, any of which could materially adversely affect the
Company's business, financial condition or results of operations. There can be
no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully against
current or future competitors or that competitive pressures will not
materially adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of
operations.
The Company believes that, to compete effectively, it must continue to
provide comprehensive software and integrated content products, openness,
scalability, ability to integrate with third-party products, functionality,
adaptability, ease of use, product reputation, quality, performance, price,
customer service and support, effectiveness of sales and marketing efforts and
company reputation. Although the Company believes that it currently competes
favorably with respect to such factors, there can be no assurance that the
Company can maintain its competitive position against current and potential
competitors, especially those with greater financial, marketing, service,
support, technical and other resources than the Company.
Proprietary Rights and Licensing
The Company's success is heavily dependent upon proprietary technology. The
Company relies primarily on a combination of copyright and trademark laws,
trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions with its
employees, consultants and business partners and in its license agreements to
protect its proprietary rights. The Company currently owns three patents for
object technology use for parametric searching, concurrency and
internationalization in an object data model. The Company seeks to protect its
software, published data, documentation and other written materials under
trade secret and copyright laws, which afford only limited protection. Despite
the Company's efforts to protect its proprietary rights, unauthorized parties
may attempt to copy aspects of the Company's product or to obtain and use
information that the Company regards as proprietary. While the Company is not
aware that any of its products infringes the proprietary rights of third
parties, there can be no assurance that third parties will not claim
infringement by the Company with respect to current or future products.
In addition, the Company relies on certain software and data that it
licenses from third parties, including software and data that are used in the
Company's products to perform certain functions. There can be no assurance
that such firms will remain in business, that they will continue to support
their products or that their products will otherwise continue to be available
to the Company on commercially reasonable terms. The Company believes that
substantially all of the software it licenses is available from vendors other
than the Company's current vendors and could be replaced with equivalent
software in a timely manner. However, it is possible that the loss of or
inability to maintain any of these software licenses could result in delays or
cancellations in product shipments until equivalent software can be identified
and licensed or developed and integrated with the Company's products. Any such
delay or cancellation could materially adversely affect the Company's
business, financial condition or results of operations.
The Company's products are generally provided to customers in object code
format only. From time to time, in limited circumstances, the Company has
licensed source code format subject to customary protections such as use
restrictions and confidentiality agreements. In addition, certain customers
have entered into source code escrow arrangements with the Company, pursuant
to which the Company's source code could be released to the customer upon the
occurrence of certain events, such as certain material breaches of the
agreement. In the event of any such release of source code from escrow, the
customer's license is generally limited to use of the source code to maintain,
support and configure the Company's software products.
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Employees
As of December 31, 1999, the Company employed 837 persons, of whom 382 were
based in the United States and 455 were based in India and other foreign
countries. Of the total, 304 were engaged in sales and marketing, 457 in
product development and technical support, and 71 in finance and
administration. None of the Company's employees is represented by a labor
union with respect to his or her employment by the Company. The Company has
experienced no organized work stoppages and believes its relationships with
its employees are good. The Company believes that its future success will also
depend to a significant extent upon its ability to attract, train and retain
highly skilled technical, management, sales, marketing and consulting
personnel. Competition for such personnel in the computer software industry in
both the United States and India is intense. The Company has, from time to
time, experienced difficulty in locating candidates with appropriate
qualifications. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful
in attracting or retaining such personnel and the failure to attract or retain
such personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business
or results of operations.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
The Company's principal administrative, sales, marketing, support and
software research and development facility is located in approximately 64,000
square feet of space in Mountain View, California. This facility is leased to
the Company through May 2004. The Company also leases facilities of
approximately 25,000 square feet of space in Nashua, New Hampshire and
approximately 53,000 square feet of space in three locations in Bangalore,
India. The Nashua facility is leased to the Company through August 2002. The
Bangalore facilities are occupied under leases, which expire in 2000 through
2007. In addition, the Company maintains sales and support offices in the
metropolitan areas of Atlanta, Boston, Boulder, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas,
Detroit, Houston, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, Montreal, Naples,
Philadelphia, Toronto, Washington D.C., London, Munich, Paris, and Tokyo. The
Company believes that its current facilities are adequate for its needs
through the end of 2000, and that, should it be needed, suitable additional or
alternative space will be available in the future on commercially reasonable
terms.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be involved in legal
proceedings. As of the date hereof, to the Company's knowledge there are no
material proceedings in which the Company is involved or litigation pending
against the Company.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the quarter
ended December 31, 1999.
11
<PAGE>
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
Market Price of Common Stock and Dividend Policy
The Company's common stock has been traded on the Nasdaq National Market
since May 1996. According to the Company's transfer agent, the Company had
approximately 194 stockholders of record as of February 29, 2000. Because many
of such shares are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of
stockholders, the Company is unable to estimate the total number of
stockholders represented by these record holders. The following table sets
forth the low and high closing sale prices of the Company's common stock in
each of the fiscal quarters during 1998 and 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
High Low
------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31, 1998
First quarter................................................ $13.72 $10.57
Second quarter............................................... 19.03 13.28
Third quarter................................................ 21.28 14.28
Fourth quarter............................................... 22.16 8.88
Year ended December 31, 1999
First quarter................................................ $20.50 $11.35
Second quarter............................................... 11.21 3.28
Third quarter................................................ 13.00 7.50
Fourth quarter............................................... 34.25 12.63
</TABLE>
Prices have been adjusted as necessary to reflect the two-for-one stock
splits declared in August 1998 and in February 2000.
The Company's policy has been to reinvest earnings to fund future growth.
Accordingly, the Company has not paid dividends and does not anticipate
declaring dividends on its Common Stock in the foreseeable future.
12
<PAGE>
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
The following selected consolidated financial data is qualified by reference
to and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements
and related notes thereto and the section captioned "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and other
financial information included elsewhere in this report.
The information in the tables below represents Consolidated Statements of
Operations and Consolidated Balance Sheet Data, including the results of Cadis,
Inc. ("Cadis") which was acquired in 1997 in a transaction accounted for as a
pooling of interest, for all periods.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
(in thousands, except per share
amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Consolidated Statements of
Operations
Revenues:
Licenses........................ $52,440 $51,132 $26,892 $16,043 $ 8,123
Subscription and maintenance.... 24,514 17,509 13,594 9,392 5,141
Service and other............... 18,191 17,724 9,443 5,023 2,299
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total revenues................ 95,145 86,365 49,929 30,458 15,563
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Cost of revenues:
Licenses........................ 1,152 1,419 346 612 298
Subscription and maintenance.... 5,278 3,737 2,676 1,206 1,142
Service and other............... 9,120 6,400 5,027 2,689 1,291
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total cost of revenues........ 15,550 11,556 8,049 4,507 2,731
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Gross profit..................... 79,595 74,809 41,880 25,951 12,832
Operating expenses:
Research and development........ 20,061 15,882 11,213 8,762 6,031
Sales and marketing............. 44,625 33,246 26,730 13,540 7,128
General and administrative...... 11,136 7,909 5,304 4,030 2,253
Costs incurred in merger........ -- -- 4,312 -- --
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses...... 75,822 57,037 47,559 26,332 15,412
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) before interest
and taxes....................... 3,773 17,772 (5,679) (381) (2,580)
Interest and other income........ 6,872 3,526 3,066 1,805 268
Interest and other expense....... (634) (751) (665) (209) (83)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) before taxes... 10,011 20,547 (3,278) 1,215 (2,395)
Taxes............................ 2,212 4,522 1,593 330 150
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net income (loss)................ $ 7,799 $16,025 $(4,871) $ 885 $(2,545)
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Net income (loss) per share--
basic........................... $ 0.13 $ 0.27 $ (0.09) $ 0.02 $ (0.07)
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Net income (loss) per share--
diluted......................... $ 0.12 $ 0.24 $ (0.09) $ 0.02 $ (0.07)
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Number of shares used in
computing per share amounts--
basic........................... 58,726 59,862 55,268 48,020 36,100
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Number of shares used in
computing per share amounts--
diluted......................... 66,180 66,300 55,268 55,020 36,100
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of December 31,
-----------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
-------- -------- ------- ------- -------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
Cash and short-term investments..... $ 76,204 $ 81,473 $55,056 $57,831 $ 6,095
Working capital..................... $ 83,672 $ 79,438 $48,521 $56,440 $ 3,927
Total assets........................ $135,904 $114,782 $81,720 $73,273 $14,159
Long-term obligations, less current
portion............................ $ -- $ -- $ 11 $ 2,365 $ 2,620
Stockholders' equity................ $ 98,779 $ 88,840 $58,574 $58,746 $ 3,855
</TABLE>
13
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
The Company is the leading global provider of collaborative solutions for
business-to-business (B2B) eCommerce and inbound supply management. The
Company was incorporated in 1990 and was in the development stage, engaging
primarily in research and development, until 1992. In 1992, the Company
commenced shipment of its first generation component and supplier management
software product, CIS 1.0. The Company's second generation CSM software
product, Explore, first became generally commercially available in the second
quarter of 1995. In 1993, the Company began development of component reference
content products, and its first internally developed reference content
products, VIP, became generally commercially available in the second quarter
of 1995.
In November 1997, the Company acquired Cadis Inc., a developer of CSM
solutions. In the acquisition, the Company issued approximately 1.4 million
shares of its Common Stock in exchange for all of the outstanding capital
stock and options of Cadis. The acquisition was accounted for as a pooling of
interests, and the financial statements of the Company and the information
herein have been restated to include the results of Cadis for all periods.
Cadis was an early-stage company whose primary focus was on developing its
initial commercial products and entering the CSM market, and therefore
incurred substantial software development and marketing expenses that were
only partially offset by licensing revenues. The consolidated loss incurred in
1997 also reflected costs and expenses associated with the Company's
acquisition of Cadis. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
On March 13, 2000, i2 Technologies, Inc. and the Company announced a
definitive agreement to merge in a stock-for-stock transaction pursuant to
which the stockholders of Aspect will receive 0.55 shares of i2 Technologies
common stock for each share of Aspect common stock. The merger has been
unanimously approved by the boards of directors of both companies and is
subject to approval by the stockholders of both companies and other regulatory
approvals.
Licenses of the Company's decision support software and reference data
products have historically accounted for the substantial majority of the
Company's revenues, and the Company anticipates that this will continue for
the foreseeable future. Accordingly, any decline in the demand for or market
acceptance of the Company's software or reference data products would have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations. Although the Company has experienced significant
revenue growth in recent periods, there can be no assurance that the Company
will sustain such growth in revenues or that the Company will sustain
profitability in the future on a quarterly or an annual basis. A significant
portion of the Company's revenues has historically been derived from
relatively large sales to a limited number of customers, and the Company
expects that this trend will continue for the foreseeable future. The
licensing of the Company's decision support software and reference data
products generally requires the Company to engage in a sales cycle of six to
twelve months or longer, during which the Company typically provides a
significant level of education to prospective customers regarding the use and
benefits of the Company's products. In addition, the implementation of the
Company's standard products typically involves a significant commitment of
resources by its customers over an extended period of time and is commonly
associated with reengineering of product development and business processes.
For these reasons, sales and customer implementation cycles are subject to
delays over which the Company may have little or no control. Accordingly, any
delay in the sale or customer implementation of a larger license or a number
of smaller licenses would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition or results of operations and cause the Company's
operating results to vary significantly from quarter to quarter.
The Company's revenues consist of license revenues, subscription and
maintenance revenues and service and other revenues. License revenues are
comprised principally of perpetual license fees for the Company's
14
<PAGE>
decision support software products. Subscription and maintenance revenues are
comprised principally of annual subscription and maintenance fees for the
Company's products, including its Aspect eXplore decision support software and
its family of reference content databases. Service and other revenues are
comprised principally of fees for consulting, development and training
services performed by the Company. The Company recognizes revenues in
accordance with American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (the
"AICPA") Statement of Position ("SOP") 97-2 on Software Revenue Recognition,
and related interpretations. License revenues are recognized as revenue after
execution of a license agreement or receipt of a definitive purchase order,
shipment of the product has occurred, vendor specific objective evidence
exists to allocate the fee from the arrangement between delivered and
undelivered elements, and collection of the resulting receivables is deemed
probable. For arrangements involving multiple products and services, the
entire arrangement is allocated among the elements based on each element's
relative value. Product returns and sales allowances (which were not
significant through December 31, 1999) are estimated and provided for at the
time of sale. When delivery involves significant installation obligations at
multiple sites, revenues are recognized on a per-site basis upon completion of
installation.
Revenues from subscription and maintenance agreements are recognized on a
straight-line basis over the life of the related agreement, which is typically
twelve months.
Service revenues from training and consulting activities are recognized
upon completion of the work to be performed. Development revenues are
recognized in accordance with the terms of the agreements, generally when
related costs have been incurred.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, "Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" which requires companies to
record derivative financial instruments on the balance sheet as assets or
liabilities, measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in
the values of those derivatives would be accounted for depending on the use of
the derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting. The key
criterion for hedge accounting is that the hedging relationship must be highly
effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows. The
Company will be required to adopt SFAS No. 133 in fiscal 2001 in accordance
with SFAS No. 137, which delays the required implementation of SFAS No. 133
for one year. This Statement will not have a material impact on the financial
condition or results of the operations of the Company.
In March 1998, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued Statement of Position
(SOP) 98-4, "Deferral of the Effective Date of a Provision of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition,"' which defers for one year the application of
provisions in SOP 97-2 which limit what is considered vendor specific
objective evidence of the fair value of the various elements in a multiple
element arrangement. All other provisions of SOP 97-2 remain in effect. This
SOP was effective as of June 30, 1998. In December 1998, the AICPA issued SOP
98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition,' With Respect
to Certain Transactions," which amends paragraphs 11 and 12 of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, to require recognition of revenue using the
"residual value method" under certain conditions. Effective December 15, 1998,
SOP 98-9 amends SOP 98-4, "Deferral of the Effective Date of a Provision of
SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition,"' to extend the deferral of the
application of certain passages of SOP 97-2 provided by SOP 98-4 through
fiscal years beginning on or before March 15, 1999. All other provisions of
this SOP are effective for transactions entered into in fiscal years beginning
after March 15, 1999. The Company does not anticipate that these statements
will have a material adverse impact on its statement of operations.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") issued
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101 ("SAB 101"), "Revenue Recognition in
Financial Statements," which provides guidance on the recognition,
presentation, and disclosure of revenue in financial statements filed with the
SEC. SAB 101 outlines the basic criteria that must be met to recognize revenue
and provides guidance for disclosures related to revenue
15
<PAGE>
recognition policies. The Company will adopt SAB 101 as required in the second
quarter of 2000. Management does not expect the adoption of SAB101 to have a
material effect on the financial position or results of the operations of the
Company.
Significant Segment Information
The Company derived approximately 8.6%, 9.7% and 14.9% of its revenues from
its European operations in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The Company
generated income (losses) before interest and taxes of (3.3)%, 36.3% and 47.2%
on those revenues in each of the years listed. The Company generated 12.9% of
operating income from its North American operations in 1999, and 23.5% in 1998
while incurring losses of 22.5% in 1997 (See Note 7 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements). This apparent disparity is due to the fact
that in those years most of the Company's research and development, sales and
marketing and general and administrative costs were allocated to the Company's
operations in North America. In addition, the 1997 North American results
include expenses of approximately $4.3 million associated with the acquisition
of Cadis. Management expects this concentration of research and development
costs and other infrastructure expenses in North America to become less
significant in the future as more operational functions are organized and
developed in the countries in which the Company sells its products and as the
Company continues to expand its sales efforts in foreign markets.
Results of Operations
The following tables set forth certain operating data, expressed as a
percentage of total revenues, for each of the years ended December 31, 1999,
1998 and 1997 for the Company on a consolidated basis.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999 1998 1997
----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Revenues:
Licenses................................................. 55.1% 59.2% 53.9 %
Subscription and maintenance............................. 25.8 20.3 27.2
Service and other........................................ 19.1 20.5 18.9
----- ----- -----
Total revenues......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0
----- ----- -----
Cost of revenues:
Licenses................................................. 1.2 1.7 0.7
Subscription and maintenance............................. 5.5 4.3 5.3
Service and other........................................ 9.6 7.4 10.1
----- ----- -----
Total cost of revenues................................. 16.3 13.4 16.1
----- ----- -----
Gross margin.............................................. 83.7 86.6 83.9
----- ----- -----
Operating expenses:
Research and development................................. 21.1 18.4 22.5
Sales and marketing...................................... 46.9 38.5 53.6
General and administrative............................... 11.7 9.1 10.6
Merger costs............................................. -- -- 8.6
----- ----- -----
Total operating expenses............................... 79.7 66.0 95.3
----- ----- -----
Operating income (loss)................................... 4.0 20.6 (11.4)
Interest and other income................................. 6.6 3.9 6.1
Interest and other expense................................ (0.1) (0.7) (1.3)
Income (loss) before income taxes......................... 10.5 23.8 (6.6)
Provision for income taxes................................ 2.3 5.2 3.2
----- ----- -----
Net income (loss)......................................... 8.2% 18.6% (9.8)%
===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
16
<PAGE>
Revenues
License Revenues. License revenues were $52.4 million, $51.0 million and
$26.9 million in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. These increases in
revenues were due primarily to the growing market acceptance of the Company's
products and an increased emphasis on marketing the Company's products. Also
contributing to the revenue increases were higher average selling prices of
the eXplore decision support software and family of reference content
databases compared to the CIS products.
Subscription and Maintenance Revenues. Subscription and maintenance
revenues were $24.5 million in 1999, compared to $17.5 million in 1998 and
$13.6 million in 1997. The increases in subscription and maintenance revenues
during these years were principally due to the increased acceptance of the
Company's family of reference databases and the increased base of customers
entering into subscription and maintenance contracts.
Service and Other Revenues. Service and other revenues consist primarily of
professional services, and training and education. Service and other revenues
were $18.2 million, $17.7 million, and $9.4 million in 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. This growth in revenue was primarily due to the increased number
and size of consulting contracts and management's continuing recognition of
the need to offer superior service support to the Company's customers in order
to enhance the market's acceptance of the Company's products.
International sales were $10.8 million, $11.1 million and $8.5 million in
1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, representing 11.4%, 12.9% and 17.0% of
total revenues, respectively, in each year. The decreasing international
percentages of total revenue are attributable to faster comparative growth of
new sales and expansion sales in North America. The Company intends to
continue to expand its international operations and to enter additional
international markets. The Company currently maintains foreign sales offices
in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan, Canada, and has sales
representative agreements with Advanced Technology of Engineering Systems Co.,
Ltd. ("ATE") in South Korea, a joint marketing/systems integrator agreement
with Nihon Unisys Ltd. ("NUL") in Japan, marketing relationships with large
professional services organizations, and worldwide strategic reselling
agreements with SAP and Baan. In addition, although the Company records
revenues based on the billing location, certain domestic billings include
licenses that may be deployed by customers or resold by indirect channel
partners into international locations. International sales are denominated and
collected in both U.S. and foreign currency. Accordingly, a portion of the
Company's international revenues are subject to foreign currency fluctuation
risks. In those jurisdictions in which the Company's sales are denominated in
foreign currency, fluctuations in such currencies could adversely affect the
profitability of sales made in such jurisdictions and, therefore, materially
adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations. Further, an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to
foreign currencies could make the Company's products more expensive and,
therefore, potentially less competitive in those markets in which the
Company's sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. To a limited extent, the
Company has engaged in some insignificant foreign currency hedging activities
to offset the potential risks mentioned above. This hedging activity has not
had a material effect on the financial statements and no hedging contracts
remained open at December 31, 1999. If considered appropriate, the Company
will enter into hedging contracts in the future.
Adoption of the Euro Presents Uncertainties. In January 1999, the new
"Euro" currency was introduced in certain European countries that are part of
the European Monetary Union ("EMU"). During 2002, all EMU countries are
expected to be operating with the Euro as their single currency. A significant
amount of uncertainty exists as to the effect the Euro will have on the
marketplace in general and, additionally, all of the final rules and
regulations have not yet been defined and finalized by the European Commission
with regard to the Euro currency. We are currently assessing the effect the
introduction of the Euro will have on our internal accounting systems and the
sales of our products. We are not aware of any material operational issues or
costs associated with preparing our internal systems for the Euro. However, we
do utilize third-party vendor equipment and software products that may or may
not be EMU compliant. Although we are currently taking steps to address the
impact, if any, of EMU compliance for such third-party products, the failure
of any critical components to operate properly post-Euro may have an adverse
effect on the business or results of operations of our Company or require us
to incur expenses to remedy such problems.
17
<PAGE>
Cost of Revenues
Cost of License Revenues. Cost of license revenues consists primarily of
license fees and royalties paid to third-party vendors, primarily Oracle, and
shipping expenses. Cost of license revenues was $1.2 million, $1.4 million and
$0.3 million in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, representing 2.2%, 2.8% and
1.3%, respectively, of the related license revenues for each of those years.
The decrease from 1998 to 1999 occurred because more customers already owned
Oracle or other relational database software, and as a result, the Company was
not obligated to obtain the product for them. The increase as a percentage of
revenues from 1997 to 1998 was primarily due to the addition of third-party
vendors' products licensed in conjunction with Aspect's products. Because all
development costs incurred in the research and development of products and
enhancements to existing software products have been expensed as incurred,
cost of licenses includes no amortization of capitalized software development
costs. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Cost of Subscription and Maintenance Revenues. Cost of subscription and
maintenance revenues consist primarily of license fees and royalties paid to
third-party vendors and personnel-related costs incurred in providing
centralized telephone support and related technical support to customers. Cost
of subscription and maintenance revenues was $5.3 million, $3.7 million and
$2.7 million, in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, representing 21.5%, 21.3%
and 19.7%, respectively, of related subscription and maintenance revenues for
each year. The increase from 1997 to 1999 is primarily due to the Company's
high level of interest in continued customer support and the resulting
increase in facilities and employees for this segment.
Cost of Service and Other Revenues. Cost of service and other revenues
consist primarily of personnel-related costs incurred in providing consulting
services, development services and training to customers. Cost of service and
other revenues was $9.1 million, $6.4 million and $5.0 million, in 1999, 1998
and 1997, respectively, representing 50.1%, 36.1% and 53.2%, respectively, of
related service and other revenues for each year. The increase in absolute
dollars in each of the years presented is due to an increase in the number and
size of consulting contracts. The increase from 1998 to 1999 as a percent of
total revenues was primarily due to an increase in staffing and associated
expenses.
Gross Profit
Gross profit was $79.6 million, $74.8 million and $41.9 million in 1999,
1998 and 1997, respectively, representing 83.7%, 86.6% and 83.9%,
respectively, of total revenues for each year. The increase in absolute
dollars in each of the years presented was primarily the result of increased
levels of revenue each year and the allocation of costs over a larger customer
base. Gross profits may decrease as a percentage of total revenues in the
future as services and other revenues, which generally have lower gross
margins than the Company's license revenues, increase as a percentage of total
revenues, as well as due to an increase in royalties due for data in its
subscription products sourced through other third-party companies.
Operating Expenses
Research and development. Research and development expenses consist
primarily of engineering personnel costs. Research and development expenses
for 1999, 1998 and 1997 were $20.1 million, $15.9 million and $11.2 million,
respectively, representing 21.1%, 18.4% and 22.5% of total revenues,
respectively. The increases in research and development expenses in absolute
dollars for each of the years presented were primarily due to increased
staffing and associated support for technical staff and the use of consultants
and outside service providers required to develop and enhance the Company's
products. The reduction as a percentage of revenue from 1997 to 1998 is due to
revenues increasing at a higher rate than research and development expenses.
The Company believes that a significant level of research and development
expenses will be required in order to be competitive in the future.
Accordingly, the Company expects research and development expenses to increase
in absolute dollars while remaining approximately level or decreasing as a
percent of total revenues.
Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses include expenditures for
salaries, commissions, advertising, travel, trade shows, public relations and
other selling and marketing-related expenses. Sales and
18
<PAGE>
marketing expenses for 1999, 1998 and 1997 were $44.6 million, $33.2 million
and $26.7 million, respectively, representing 46.9%, 38.5%, and 53.6% of total
revenues, respectively. The increases in sales and marketing expenses in
absolute dollars were primarily due to the addition of sales and marketing
personnel and increased marketing activities, including trade shows and
promotional expenses and substantial growth in international sales and
marketing channels. The Company believes that such expenses will increase in
dollar amounts and may increase as a percentage of total revenues in the
future as the Company expands its sales and marketing staff and enters new
markets worldwide.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses include
personnel costs for administration, finance, human resources and general
management, legal and accounting expenses and other professional services.
General and administrative expenses for 1999, 1998 and 1997 were $11.1
million, $7.9 million and $5.3 million, respectively, representing 11.7%, 9.1%
and 10.6% of total revenues, respectively. The increases in general and
administrative expenses in absolute dollars were primarily due to increased
staffing and associated expenses necessary to manage and support the Company's
growth. The Company believes that its general and administrative expenses will
increase in absolute dollars in the future as the Company expands its staffing
to manage and support the Company's growth.
Merger costs. During 1997, the costs associated with the acquisition of
Cadis were approximately $4.3 million, including $0.9 million in consulting
fees to financial advisors, $0.7 million for legal and other professional
fees, $0.7 million for personnel severance and outplacement expenses and $0.6
million for facilities consolidation expense. Of the merger expenses, a total
of approximately $2.9 million was accrued at December 31, 1997. This amount
was paid during 1998. The Company may incur similar expenses should management
determine that further acquisitions are strategically important to the
Company's future growth.
Interest and Other Income
The Company's interest and other income for 1999, 1998 and 1997 was $6.9
million, $3.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively. Interest and other
income consists primarily of interest income earned on the Company's cash and
cash equivalents, short-term investments, and foreign exchange gains and
losses. The increase in interest and other income from 1998 to 1999 was
primarily due to a one-time gain of approximately $3 million from the sale of
a partial interest in the ChipCenter joint venture, which was recorded in the
first quarter of fiscal 1999. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Interest and Other Expense
Interest and other expense was $0.6 million, $0.8 million and $0.7 million
in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, which primarily represents charges to
record the Company's proportionate share of losses in the ChipCenter joint
venture.
Provision for Income Taxes
The Company's provision for income taxes was $2.2 million in 1999, $4.5
million in 1998, and $1.6 million in 1997. The decrease in the provision in
1999 compared to 1998 was primarily due to decreased income generated by the
Company. The increase in the provision in 1998 compared to 1997 was primarily
due to increased income generated by the Company (excluding the acquisition of
Cadis) and the Company's limitation in use of Cadis net operating loss
carryforwards or its losses generated in 1998. As of December 31, 1999, the
Company had federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $46.8 million. The Company also had federal and state research
and development tax credit carryforwards of approximately $4.9 million. The
net operating loss carryforwards and credits will expire in 2007 through 2019,
if not utilized sooner. Utilization of the net operating losses and credits
will be subject to a substantial annual limitation for losses previously
incurred by Cadis and obtained by the Company in the acquisition and merger
(as described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) due to the
ownership change limitations provided by the
19
<PAGE>
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and similar state provisions. Net operating
losses and credits related to Aspect may also be subject to a substantial
limitation due to ownership change limitations provided by the Internal
Revenue Code and similar state provisions. Due to the uncertainty of their
realization, management has substantially offset the deferred tax asset
resulting from net operating loss and credit carryforwards with a valuation
allowance.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has historically financed its operations and met its capital
expenditure requirements primarily through cash flows from operations. Net
cash provided by operations was $7.9 million, $21.4 million and $3.2 million
in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Operating cash flows decreased in 1999
as compared to 1998 primarily due to a decrease in net income, an increase in
accounts receivable and prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially
offset by an increase in other accrued liabilities. Operating cash flows
increased in 1998 as compared to 1997 primarily due to an increase in net
income, accrued bonuses and commissions, and other accrued liabilities,
partially offset by a decrease in accrued merger costs and an increase in
accounts receivable.
In 1999 and 1998, the Company's investing activities consisted primarily of
purchases of property and equipment. During these years, the Company used $7.2
million and $5.5 million, respectively, of cash to purchase property and
equipment, primarily for personal computers and for furniture and other office
equipment. The Company expects that the rate of purchases of property and
equipment will increase as the Company's employee base grows. As of December
31, 1999, the Company's principal commitments consisted primarily of operating
leases for office facilities. See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities was $(4.9) million,
$10.1 million, and $2.0 million in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Financing cash flows decreased in 1999 as compared to 1998 primarily due to
the repurchase of the Company's common stock in Q2, 1999 totaling $20.6
million, partially offset by net proceeds received by the Company upon the
exercise of stock options by its employees. Financing cash flows increased in
1998 as compared to 1997 primarily due to an increase in net proceeds received
by the Company upon the exercise of stock options by its employees.
To date, the Company has not invested in derivative securities or any other
financial instruments that involve a high level of complexity or risk. The
Company has invested its cash in excess of current operating requirements in
investment grade securities. The investments have variable and fixed interest
rates and primarily short-term maturities. In accordance with SFAS 115,
"Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities" such
investments are classified as "available for sale."
At December 31, 1999, the Company had a total of $76.2 million in cash and
short-term investments. This was composed of $28.9 million in cash and cash
equivalents and $47.3 million in short-term investments. At December 31, 1999,
the Company had $83.7 million of working capital.
The Company believes that its current cash and cash equivalent balances,
short-term investment balances, and the cash flows generated from operations,
if any, will be sufficient to meet its working capital and capital expenditure
requirements for at least the next 12 months. Although operating activities
may provide cash in certain periods, to the extent that the Company
experiences growth in the future, the Company anticipates that its operating
and investing activities may use cash. Consequently, any such growth may
require the Company to obtain additional equity or debt financing. In
addition, although there are no present understandings, commitments or
agreements with respect to any acquisition of other businesses (other than the
TACTech acquisition as discussed in Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements), products or technologies, the Company from time to time evaluates
potential acquisitions of businesses, products and technologies and may in the
future require additional equity or debt financing to consummate such
potential acquisitions. There can be no assurance that such financing will be
available on acceptable terms, if at all.
20
<PAGE>
Impact of the Year 2000
Like many other companies, Aspect is subject to risks from the Year 2000
("Y2K") computer issue. The Company has a Y2K internal task force which has
been determining the impact of the Y2K issues related to the Company's
products (which include third-party databases embedded in the Company's
products), internal computer and information systems, office equipment,
customers' internal management systems, and third-party suppliers. During
1999, the Company retained a consultant to evaluate internal systems
compliance with Y2K. The Company has tested its products and has determined
that all of the Company's supported products are Y2K compliant, with the
exception of certain older versions of software for which upgrades are
available. The Company has completed the process of obtaining questionnaires
or certificates of compliance from significant third-party vendors as to their
Y2K compliance. All critical path vendors have indicated they are Y2K
compliant.
The costs to address the Y2K compliance issues to date have been minimal
and have been financed through operating cash flow. The Company has determined
that the total estimated cost of the Y2K compliance program was not material.
These costs did not include internal resource costs or the costs of software
and systems that have been replaced or upgraded in the normal course of
business. There can be no assurance that additional costs will not be incurred
after December 31, 1999, or that any corrective actions necessary to achieve
Y2K compliance after December 31, 1999 will be successful or completed in a
timely manner. See "Risk Factors." The Company will continue to expend
appropriate resources to address this issue on a timely basis.
The Company believes that Y2K issues may affect the purchasing patterns of
customers and potential customers in a variety of ways. Many companies have
expended significant resources to correct, patch or replace their current
software systems to achieve Y2K compliance. These expenditures may result in
reduced funds available to purchase products such as those offered by the
Company. Any of the foregoing could result in a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, operating results and financial condition.
The Company believes that it has completed its Y2K compliance efforts.
Contingency plans have been developed in the event that the Company, its key
customers or its key suppliers are not Y2K compliant, and such noncompliance
would have a material adverse impact on the Company's operations.
Risk Factors
The Company announced on March 13, 2000 that it had entered into a merger
agreement with i2 Technologies pursuant to which its stockholders will receive
0.55 shares of i2 common stock for each outstanding share of the Company's
common stock. Since the Company may terminate the agreement only in very
limited circumstances and the exchange ratio is not subject to adjustment, the
Company's stock price will be affected by changes in the i2 stock price.
Accordingly, the Company's stockholders are subject to the risk of downward
movement in the Company's stock price as a result of adverse developments in
i2's business. Moreover, if for any reason the Company is unable to complete
the merger with i2, the price of the Company's stock may be adversely
affected.
The Company's revenues and results of operations could be materially
adversely affected by many factors, some of which are outside the control of
the Company, including, among others: the relatively long sales and
implementation cycles for the Company's products; the size and timing of
individual license transactions; seasonality of revenues; changes in the
Company's operating expenses; changes in the mix of products and services
sold; timing of introduction or enhancement of products by the Company or its
competitors; market acceptance of new products; technological changes in
software or database technology; personnel changes and difficulties in
attracting and retaining qualified sales, marketing, technical and consulting
personnel; changes in customers' budgeting cycles; foreign currency exchange
rates; quality control of products sold; and economic conditions generally and
in specific industry segments.
The Company's business has experienced and is expected to continue to
experience seasonality, in part due to customer buying patterns and the
Company's expense patterns. In recent years, the Company has generally had
stronger demand for its products during the quarter ending December 31 and has
incurred higher personnel
21
<PAGE>
costs in the quarters ending March 31 and June 30. The Company believes that
these patterns will continue for the foreseeable future.
Licenses of the Company's decision support software have historically
accounted for the substantial majority of the Company's revenues, and the
Company anticipates that this trend will continue for the foreseeable future.
The Company generally ships its products within a short period of time after
execution of a license agreement. As a result, the Company typically does not
have a material backlog of unfilled license orders, and revenues in any
quarter are substantially dependent on license revenues recognized in that
quarter. The Company's expense levels are based, in part, on its expectations
as to future revenues and to a large extent are fixed in the short term.
Accordingly, the Company may be unable to adjust spending in a timely manner
to compensate for any unexpected shortfall in revenues, and any significant
shortfall of demand in relation to the Company's expectations or any material
delay of customer orders would have an almost immediate material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition or results of
operations. As a result, it is likely that in some future period the Company's
results of operations could fail to meet the expectations of public market
analysts or investors. In such event, or in the event that adverse conditions
prevail or are perceived to prevail generally or with respect to the Company's
business, the price of the Company's common stock would likely drop
significantly.
The licensing of the Company's decision support software and reference data
products generally requires the Company to engage in a sales cycle lasting six
to twelve months or longer, during which the Company typically provides a
significant level of education to prospective customers regarding the use and
benefits of the Company's products. The combination of products sold may also
reach a price level (over a million dollars) that requires approval from
senior management of the buying company, potentially including approval from
the CEO. In addition, the implementation of the Company's standard products
typically involves a significant commitment of resources by its customers over
an extended period of time and is commonly associated with reengineering of
product development and business processes. For these reasons, sales and
customer implementation cycles are subject to delays over which the Company
may have little or no control. Any delay in the sale or customer
implementation of a larger license or a number of smaller licenses would have
a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition or
results of operations and cause the Company's operating results to vary
significantly from quarter to quarter.
The Company currently derives substantially all of its revenues from the
licensing of its decision support software and family of reference content
databases and fees from related services. These products and services are
expected to continue to account for substantially all of the Company's
revenues for the foreseeable future. While the Company believes that to date
its customers have not experienced significant problems with such products, if
the Company's customers were to do so in the future or if they were
dissatisfied with product functionality or performance, the Company's
business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially
adversely affected.
There can be no assurance that the Company's products will achieve broader
market acceptance or that the Company will be successful in marketing its
products or enhancements thereto. In the event that the Company's current or
future competitors release new products that have more advanced features,
offer better performance or are more price competitive than the Company's
products, demand for the Company's products would decline. A decline in demand
for, or market acceptance of, the software or the reference content databases
as a result of competition, technological change, evolution of the Internet or
other factors would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition or results of operations.
The Company has experienced significant growth in the number of its
employees, the scope of its operating and financial systems and the geographic
area of its operations, which has placed a significant strain on the Company's
management. The Company's future results of operations will depend in part on
the ability of its officers and other key employees to continue to implement
and expand its operational, customer support and financial control systems and
to expand, train and manage its employee base. In addition, the Company
believes that its future success will also depend to a significant extent upon
its ability to attract, train and retain highly
22
<PAGE>
skilled technical, management, sales, marketing and consulting personnel.
Competition for such personnel is intense, and the Company expects that such
competition will continue for the foreseeable future. The Company has from
time to time experienced difficulty in locating candidates with appropriate
qualifications. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful
in attracting or retaining such personnel, and the failure to attract or
retain such personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition or results of operations.
Although the Company believes that all of its current products record,
store, process, calculate and present calendar dates falling on or after (and
if applicable, spans of time including) January 1, 2000, and will calculate
any information dependent on or relating to such dates in the same manner, and
with the same functionality, data integrity and performance, as such products
record, store, process, calculate and present calendar dates on or before
December 31, 1999, Y2K compliance issues may arise with respect to customers,
internal management systems or third-party suppliers that may result in
unforeseen costs or delays to the Company and therefore may have a material
adverse effect on the Company.
To implement its business plans, the Company may make further acquisitions
in the future, which will require significant financial and management
resources both at the time of the transaction and during the process of
integrating the newly-acquired business into the Company's operations. The
Company's operating results could be adversely affected if it is unable to
successfully integrate such new companies into its operations. There can be no
assurance that any acquired products, technologies or businesses will
contribute at anticipated levels to the Company's sales or earnings, or that
sales and earnings from combined businesses will not be adversely affected by
the integration process. Certain acquisitions or strategic transactions may be
subject to approval by the other party's board of directors or stockholders,
domestic or foreign governmental agencies or other third parties. Accordingly,
there is a risk that important acquisitions or transactions could fail to be
concluded as planned. Future acquisitions by the Company could also result in
issuances of equity securities or the rights associated with the equity
securities, which could potentially dilute earnings per share. In addition,
future acquisitions could result in the incurrence of additional debt, taxes,
contingent liabilities, amortization expenses related to goodwill and other
intangible assets and expenses incurred to align the accounting policies and
practices of the acquired companies with those of the Company. These factors
could adversely affect the Company's future operating results, financial
position and cash flows as some of the Company's competitors have pursued a
strategy of growth through acquisition, and there is a risk that future
acquisitions could be more expensive due to competition among bidders for
target companies.
Historically, a relatively small number of customers have accounted for a
significant percentage of the Company's total revenues, and the Company
expects that it will continue to experience significant customer concentration
for the foreseeable future. There can be no assurance that such customers or
any other customers will in the future continue to license or purchase
products or services from the Company at levels that equal or exceed those of
prior periods, or at all.
The Company believes that, in order to provide competitive solutions, it
will be necessary to develop, maintain and enhance close associations with
other enterprise data management vendors such as eProcurement, database,
hardware, data, Enterprise Resource Planning ("ERP"), Product Data Management
("PDM"), Advanced Planning & Scheduling, Computer Aided Design ("CAD"),
business-to-business eCommerce, and professional service companies. The
Company has established marketing, selling and consulting relationships with
many such vendors, but there can be no assurance that the Company will be able
to maintain its existing relationships or enter into new relationships with
such vendors.
The Company has operations in Bangalore, India with 391 employees as of
December 31, 1999. The Company is dependent to a significant extent upon the
ability of its Indian operations to successfully maintain and upgrade its
reference data products. The Company believes that the success of its Indian
operations will depend in large part upon its ability to attract, train and
retain highly skilled technical and management personnel in India. Competition
for such personnel in India is intense, and there can be no assurance that the
Company will be successful in attracting a sufficient number of qualified
personnel. The Company is directly affected by
23
<PAGE>
the political and economic conditions to which India is subject. In addition,
many of the Company's expenses in India are paid in Indian currency, thereby
subjecting the Company to the risk of foreign currency fluctuations. Any
difficulties in coordinating or managing the Indian operations due to
cultural, geographic, communication or other reasons could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition or results of
operations.
As part of its business strategy, the Company intends, directly and through
relationships with its strategic partners, to support marketplaces which
conduct business-to-business electronic commerce. If this business strategy is
flawed, or if the Company is unable to execute its strategy effectively, the
business, operating results, and financial condition could be materially
impacted. This strategy is unproven and the Company has limited experience in
this area. There is no assurance that significant revenues will be generated
from these areas.
The market for business-to-business electronic commerce solutions is
extremely competitive. The Company expects competition to intensify as current
competitors expand their product offerings and new competitors enter the
market.
ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKS
The Company's revenues originating outside the U.S. in 1999, 1998 and 1997
were 11.4%, 12.9% and 17.0% of total revenues, respectively. Revenues
generated from the European region in 1999, 1998 and 1997 were 8.6%, 9.7% and
14.9% of total revenues, respectively. International revenues are generated
primarily by the Company's foreign sales subsidiaries in the local countries
and are typically denominated in U.S. dollars. These subsidiaries incur most
of their expenses in the local currency.
The Company's international business is subject to risks typical of an
international business, including, but not limited to different economic
conditions, changes in political climate, differing tax structures, other
regulations and restriction, and foreign exchange rate volatility.
Accordingly, the Company's future results could be materially adversely
impacted by changes in these or other factors. The effect of foreign exchange
rate fluctuations on the Company in 1999, 1998 and 1997 was not material. No
hedging contracts remained open at December 31, 1999.
The Company invests its cash in a variety of financial instruments,
including bank time deposits, taxable and tax-advantaged variable rate and
fixed rate obligations of corporations, municipalities, and local, state and
national governmental entities and agencies. Cash balances in foreign
currencies overseas are operating balances and are invested in short-term time
deposits of the local operating bank.
Interest income on the Company's investments is carried in "Interest and
other income." The Company accounts for its investments in accordance with
SFAS No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities." All of the cash equivalents and short-term investments are
treated as available-for-sale under SFAS No. 115.
The Company maintains a short-term investment portfolio consisting mainly
of income securities with an average maturity of less than one year. The
market value of this portfolio was $47.3 million at December 31, 1999. These
available-for-sale securities are subject to interest rate risk and will fall
in value if market interest rates increase. If market interest rates were to
increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from current levels at December 31,
1999, the fair value of the portfolio would decline by $0.2 million. The
Company has the ability to hold its fixed income investments until maturity,
and therefore the Company would not expect its operating results or cash flows
to be affected to any significant degree by the effect of a sudden change in
market interest rates on its securities portfolio. The Company does not hedge
any interest rate exposures. The weighted-average interest rate on investment
securities at December 31, 1999 was 5.92%.
24
<PAGE>
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following Financial Statements are filed as part of this Report.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page No.
--------
<S> <C>
Report of Arthur Andersen LLP, Independent Public Accountants......... 26
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors..................... 27
Report of Arthur Andersen LLP, Independent Public Accountants ........ 28
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1999 and 1998.......... 29
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three fiscal
years in the period ended December 31, 1999.......................... 30
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for each of the three
fiscal years in the period ended December 31, 1999................... 31
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three fiscal
years in the period ended December 31, 1999.......................... 32
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................ 33
</TABLE>
25
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Aspect Development, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Aspect
Development, Inc., (a Delaware corporation) as of December 31, 1999 and 1998,
and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity
and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. The financial
statements of Aspect Development, Inc., as of December 31, 1997 were audited
by other auditors whose report dated January 26, 1998, except with respect to
paragraph 3 of Note 4, as to which the date is August 15, 1998, and paragraph
4 of Note 4, as to which the date is March 10, 2000, expressed an unqualified
opinion on those statements.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Aspect Development, Inc.,
as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the results of its operations and its
cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States.
Arthur Andersen LLP
San Jose, California
January 24, 2000
except with respect to paragraph 4
of Note 4, as to which the date is
March 10, 2000, and Note 9, as to
which the date is March 13, 2000.
26
<PAGE>
REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Aspect Development, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders' equity and cash flows of Aspect Development, Inc. for the year
ended December 31, 1997. These financial statements are the responsibility of
the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits. In November 1997, the Company merged
with Cadis, Inc. in a transaction that was accounted for as a pooling of
interests. We did not audit the financial statements of Cadis, Inc., which
statements reflected net losses of $10.8 million for the year ended December
31, 1997. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has
been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to data included
for Cadis, Inc., is based solely on the report of the other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the
report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the
financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of Aspect
Development, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 1997, after giving
retroactive effect to the business combination with Cadis, Inc., as described
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
Ernst & Young LLP
Palo Alto, California
January 26, 1998,
except with respect to paragraph 3 of Note 4,
as to which the date is August 15, 1998 and
paragraph 4 of Note 4, as to which the date is
March 10, 2000
27
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To Cadis, Inc.;
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Cadis, Inc. (a Delaware
corporation) and subsidiary as of December 31, 1997, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, mandatorily redeemable convertible
preferred stock, junior mandatorily redeemable preferred stock and
stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for the year ended December 31,
1997, not presented separately herein. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above, not presented
separately herein, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated
financial position of Cadis Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 1997, and
the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the year
ended December 31, 1997, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States.
Arthur Andersen LLP
Denver, Colorado
January 20, 1998
28
<PAGE>
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
------------------
1999 1998
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................ $ 28,872 $ 7,877
Short-term investments................................... 47,332 73,596
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts of $732 and $421 in 1999 and 1998,
respectively............................................ 28,709 19,509
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................ 15,884 4,397
-------- --------
Total current assets................................... 120,797 105,379
Property and equipment, net................................ 12,342 9,121
Other assets, net.......................................... 2,765 282
-------- --------
Total assets........................................... $135,904 $114,782
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable......................................... $ 3,221 $ 2,483
Accrued bonuses and commissions.......................... 7,266 5,233
Income taxes payable..................................... 3,863 2,946
Other accrued liabilities................................ 9,191 5,766
Deferred revenue......................................... 13,584 9,497
Capital lease obligations--current portion............... -- 17
-------- --------
Total current liabilities.............................. 37,125 25,942
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share; 2,000
authorized, none issued or outstanding.................. -- --
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share and additional
paid in capital; 100,000 authorized, 59,216 and 61,504
issued and outstanding in 1999 and 1998, respectively... 96,929 95,068
Deferred compensation.................................... (43) (210)
Unrealized loss on investments........................... (35) --
Accumulated translation adjustment....................... 159 12
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit).................. 1,769 (6,030)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity............................. 98,779 88,840
-------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity............. $135,904 $114,782
======== ========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
29
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Licenses.......................................... $52,440 $51,132 $26,892
Subscription and maintenance...................... 24,514 17,509 13,594
Service and other................................. 18,191 17,724 9,443
------- ------- -------
Total revenues.................................. 95,145 86,365 49,929
------- ------- -------
Cost of revenues:
Licenses.......................................... 1,152 1,419 346
Subscription and maintenance...................... 5,278 3,737 2,676
Service and other................................. 9,120 6,400 5,027
------- ------- -------
Total cost of revenues.......................... 15,550 11,556 8,049
------- ------- -------
Gross profit....................................... 79,595 74,809 41,880
------- ------- -------
Operating expenses:
Research and development.......................... 20,061 15,882 11,213
Sales and marketing............................... 44,625 33,246 26,730
General and administrative........................ 11,136 7,909 5,304
Merger costs...................................... -- -- 4,312
------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses........................ 75,822 57,037 47,559
------- ------- -------
Operating income (loss)............................ 3,773 17,772 (5,679)
Interest and other income.......................... 6,872 3,526 3,066
Interest and other expense......................... (634) (751) (665)
------- ------- -------
Income (loss) before income taxes.................. 10,011 20,547 (3,278)
Provision for income taxes......................... 2,212 4,522 1,593
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss).................................. $ 7,799 $16,025 $(4,871)
======= ======= =======
Net income (loss) per share--basic................. $ 0.13 $ 0.27 $ (0.09)
======= ======= =======
Net income (loss) per share--diluted............... $ 0.12 $ 0.24 $ (0.09)
======= ======= =======
Number of shares used in computing per share
amounts-basic..................................... 58,726 59,862 55,268
Number of shares used in computing per share
amounts-diluted................................... 66,180 66,300 55,268
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
30
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity
(in thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Notes
Common Stock Receivable Unrealized Accumulated
--------------- From Deferred Loss on Translation
Shares Amount Stockholders Compensation Investments Adjustments
------ ------- ------------ ------------ ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at
December 31,
1996............ 53,989 $76,729 $(320) $(544) -- $ 65
Comprehensive
loss:
Net loss........ -- -- -- -- -- --
Foreign currency
translation
adjustments..... -- -- -- -- -- (367)
Comprehensive
loss............
====== ======= ===== ===== ===== =====
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... 2,692 1,027 -- -- -- --
Amortization of
deferred
compensation.... -- -- -- 168 -- --
Issuance of
common stock
under Employee
Stock Purchase
Plan............ 728 1,307 -- -- -- --
Issuance of
common stock for
Redeemable
Preferred
Stock........... 168 1,986 -- -- -- --
Issuance of
common stock for
software........ 55 375 -- -- -- --
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... -- -- -- -- -- --
settlement (see
Note 4)......... 100 203 -- -- -- --
------ ------- ----- ----- ----- -----
Balance at
December 31,
1997............ 57,732 81,627 (320) -- (376) (302)
Comprehensive
income:
Net income...... -- -- -- -- -- --
Foreign currency
translation
adjustments..... -- -- -- -- -- 314
------ ------- ----- ----- ----- -----
Comprehensive
income..........
====== ======= ===== ===== ===== =====
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... 3,146 8,706 -- -- -- --
Issuance of
common stock
under Employee
Stock Purchase
Plan............ 626 1,770 -- -- -- --
Amortization of
deferred
compensation.... -- -- -- 166 -- --
Repayment of
notes
receivable...... -- -- 320 -- -- --
Income tax
benefit from
stock option
transactions.... -- 2,965 -- -- -- --
------ ------- ----- ----- ----- -----
Balance at
December 31,
1998............ 61,504 95,068 -- (210) -- 12
Comprehensive
income:
Net income...... -- -- -- -- -- --
Foreign currency
translation
adjustments..... -- -- -- -- -- 147
Unrealized loss
on investments.. -- -- -- -- (35) --
Comprehensive
income..........
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... 3,251 14,260 -- -- -- --
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (See Note 4).. (5,717) (20,636) -- -- -- --
Issuance of
common stock
under Employee
Stock Purchase
Plan............ 178 1,467 -- -- -- --
Amortization of
deferred
compensation.... -- -- -- 167 -- --
Income tax
benefit from
stock option
transactions.... -- 6,770 -- -- -- --
------ ------- ----- ----- ----- -----
Balance at
December 31,
1999............ 59,216 $96,929 $ -- $ (43) $ (35) $ 159
====== ======= ===== ===== ===== =====
<CAPTION>
Retained Total
Earnings Stock-
(Accumulated holders' Comprehensive
Deficit) Equity Income (Loss)
------------ --------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at
December 31,
1996............ $(17,184) $58,746
Comprehensive
loss:
Net loss........ (4,871) (4,871) $(4,871)
Foreign currency
translation
adjustments..... -- (367) (367)
-------------
Comprehensive
loss............ $(5,238)
============ ========= =============
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... -- 1,027
Amortization of
deferred
compensation.... -- 168
Issuance of
common stock
under Employee
Stock Purchase
Plan............ -- 1,307
Issuance of
common stock for
Redeemable
Preferred
Stock........... -- 1,986
Issuance of
common stock for
software........ -- 375
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... --
settlement (see
Note 4)......... -- 203
------------ ---------
Balance at
December 31,
1997............ (22,055) 58,574
Comprehensive
income:
Net income...... 16,025 16,025 $16,025
Foreign currency
translation
adjustments..... -- 314 314
------------ --------- -------------
Comprehensive
income.......... $16,339
============ ========= =============
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... -- 8,706
Issuance of
common stock
under Employee
Stock Purchase
Plan............ -- 1,770
Amortization of
deferred
compensation.... -- 166
Repayment of
notes
receivable...... -- 320
Income tax
benefit from
stock option
transactions.... -- 2,965
------------ ---------
Balance at
December 31,
1998............ (6,030) 88,840
Comprehensive
income:
Net income...... 7,799 7,799 $ 7,799
Foreign currency
translation
adjustments..... -- 147 147
Unrealized loss
on investments.. -- (35) (35)
--------- -------------
Comprehensive
income.......... $ 7,911
=============
Issuance of
common stock
upon exercise of
options......... -- 14,260
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (See Note 4).. -- (20,636)
Issuance of
common stock
under Employee
Stock Purchase
Plan............ -- 1,467
Amortization of
deferred
compensation.... -- 167
Income tax
benefit from
stock option
transactions.... -- 6,770
------------ ---------
Balance at
December 31,
1999............ $ 1,769 $98,779
============ =========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements
31
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
(in thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)............................. $ 7,799 $ 16,025 $ (4,871)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization................ 3,776 5,079 3,096
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets............ (150) 30 61
Loss in joint ventures....................... 54 489 612
Compensation expense......................... 167 166 168
Provision for allowance for doubtful
accounts.................................... 311 126 45
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable........................ (9,511) (6,269) (3,918)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.. (4,717) (1,163) (1,956)
Other assets............................... (1,037) 522 (1,160)
Accounts payable........................... 738 474 1,058
Accrued bonuses and commissions............ 2,033 3,156 1,167
Accrued merger costs....................... -- (2,883) 2,883
Income taxes payable....................... 917 4,303 1,563
Other accrued liabilities.................. 3,425 2,690 (42)
Deferred revenue........................... 4,087 (1,639) 4,480
Repayment of notes receivable from
stockholders.............................. -- 320 --
--------- --------- --------
Net cash provided by operating activities..... 7,892 21,426 3,186
--------- --------- --------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment.......... (7,165) (5,459) (7,593)
Proceeds from sale of property and
equipment................................... 318 -- 15
Maturities of short-term investments......... 169,001 117,376 56,662
Purchases of short-term investments.......... (142,772) (150,466) (56,020)
Purchase of long term investment............. (1,500) -- --
--------- --------- --------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing
activities................................... 17,882 (38,549) (6,936)
--------- --------- --------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on capital lease
obligations................................. (17) (340) (553)
Buy back of common stock..................... (20,636) -- --
Sale of common stock......................... 15,727 10,476 2,537
--------- --------- --------
Net cash (used in) provided by financing
activities.................................. (4,926) 10,136 1,984
--------- --------- --------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents................................. 20,848 (6,987) (1,766)
Exchange rate impact on cash................. 147 314 (367)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
period...................................... 7,877 14,550 16,683
--------- --------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period... $ 28,872 $ 7,877 $ 14,550
========= ========= ========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow
information
Cash paid during the period for interest..... $ 4 $ 16 $ 44
========= ========= ========
Income taxes paid............................ $ 1,134 $ 40 $ 143
========= ========= ========
Supplemental schedule of non-cash financing
activities
Equipment acquired under capital lease
obligations................................. $ -- $ -- $ 49
========= ========= ========
Conversion of preferred stock to common
stock....................................... $ -- $ -- $ 1,986
========= ========= ========
Issuance of common stock for software........ $ -- $ -- $ 375
========= ========= ========
Tax benefit from stock options............... $ 6,770 $ 2,965 $ --
========= ========= ========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
32
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business and Principles of Consolidation
Aspect Development, Inc. ("Aspect" or the "Company") is the leading global
provider of collaborative solutions for business-to-business (B2B) eCommerce
and inbound supply management. Aspect solutions for the enterprise and for
eMarkets and exchanges provide decision support and content for procurement,
product development, operations, and eCommerce between trading partners. The
Aspect solutions enable aggregation and collaboration among Design,
Procurement and Operations across multiple divisions within an enterprise, as
well as solutions for establishing a collaborative Internet Exchange, or
portal.
The consolidated financial statements comprise the accounts of the Company
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries after elimination of all significant
intercompany balances and transactions. On November 25, 1997, the Company
acquired Cadis, Inc. in a merger transaction accounted for as a pooling of
interests (see Note 2).
Foreign Exchange
Assets and liabilities of the Company and its wholly-owned foreign
subsidiaries are translated from the local currency to United States dollars
at period-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated on a
monthly basis at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the month.
The adjustment resulting from translating the assets and liabilities of the
Company and its foreign subsidiaries is reflected in accumulated translation
adjustment within stockholders' equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and
losses are included in the results of operations and were immaterial for all
periods presented.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
License revenues are comprised of perpetual license fees, and are
recognized as revenue after execution of a license agreement or receipt of a
definitive purchase order, shipment of the product has occurred, vendor
specific objective evidence exists to allocate the fee from the arrangement
between delivered and undelivered elements, and collection of the resulting
receivables is deemed probable. For arrangements involving multiple products
and services, the entire arrangement is allocated among the elements based on
each element's relative value. Product returns and sales allowances (which
were not significant through December 31, 1999) are estimated and provided for
at the time of sale. When delivery involves significant installation
obligations at multiple sites, revenues are recognized on a per-site basis
upon completion of installation.
Revenues from subscription and maintenance agreements are deferred and
recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related agreement,
which is typically one year.
Service and other revenues are comprised of data services, process
consulting and training fees. These revenues are recognized upon completion of
the work performed.
33
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income
(loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and
the employee stock purchase plan using the "treasury stock" method.
The following is a reconciliation of the weighted average common shares
used to calculate basic net income (loss) per share to the weighted average
common and common equivalent shares used to calculate diluted net income
(loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997 (in
thousands except per share amounts):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years ended December
31,
----------------------
1999 1998 1997
------ ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Basic:
Weighted average common shares outstanding......... 58,726 59,862 55,268
Net income (loss).................................. $7,799 $16,025 $(4,871)
Net income (loss) per share........................ $ 0.13 $ 0.27 $ (0.09)
Diluted:
Weighted average common shares outstanding......... 58,726 59,862 55,268
Common stock equivalents (treasury stock method)... 7,454 6,438 --
Total weighted average common and common equivalent
shares outstanding................................ 66,180 66,300 55,268
Net income (loss).................................. $7,799 $16,025 $(4,871)
Net income (loss) per share........................ $ 0.12 $ 0.24 $ (0.09)
</TABLE>
Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to
concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash investments and trade
receivables. The Company has a cash investment policy that limits investments
to investment grade securities. The Company's revenues consist primarily of
license and subscription fees for its applications software and reference data
products from large manufacturers in the United States, Europe and Asia. The
Company has historically sold primarily to large financially stable
institutions and has not obtained collateral. The Company has not incurred
significant credit losses during any of the periods presented. Increases in
the Company's allowance for bad debts (expense) in 1999, 1998 and 1997 were
approximately $355,000, $126,000 and $52,000, respectively. Total write-offs
of outstanding customer receivables in the years 1999 and 1997 were
approximately $44,000 and $7,000 respectively, while no outstanding customer
receivables were written off in fiscal 1998.
During the year ended December 31, 1999, two customers accounted for 26% of
revenues. During the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, no one customer
accounted for more than 10% of revenues.
Product Concentration
The Company currently derives substantially all of its revenues from the
licensing of its eXplore decision support software, reference data products,
and fees from related services. These products and services are expected to
continue to account for substantially all of the Company's revenues for the
foreseeable future. While the Company believes that its customers have not
experienced significant problems with such products to date, if the Company's
customers were to do so in the future or if they were dissatisfied with
product functionality or performance, the Company's business, financial
condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
34
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with minimum yield
risks and original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. The
Company's investment policy is to protect the value of its investment
portfolio and to minimize principal risk by earning returns based on current
interest rates.
At December 31, 1999, all of the Company's cash equivalents and short-term
investments were designated as "available-for-sale" and, in accordance with
SFAS No. 115, are presented at fair value in the financial statements. At
December 31, 1999, the carrying value of the Company's short-term investments
approximated the current fair value. The Company recorded a $35,000 unrealized
loss on investments, which has been recorded as a separate component of equity
at December 31, 1999. Realized gains and losses to date have not been
material. The cost of securities sold is based on specific identification.
At December 31, 1999 and 1998, the Company's short-term investments
consisted of $9.9 million and $1.0 million of US Government Agency
obligations, respectively, and $37.4 million and $72.6 million of domestic
corporate debt issues, respectively, all of which mature within one year.
Property and Equipment
Office and computer equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a
straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets
(generally two to five years). Equipment under capital lease obligations is
recorded at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of
its estimated life or the term of the lease (generally three years). Property
and equipment as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, consisted of the following (in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999 1998
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Computer equipment......................................... $15,190 $10,323
Computer software.......................................... 2,330 2,101
Leased computer equipment & software....................... -- 2,172
Office equipment and furniture............................. 3,724 3,384
Leasehold improvements..................................... 5,170 1,992
------- -------
26,414 19,972
Less accumulated depreciation.............................. (14,072) (10,851)
------- -------
Property and equipment, net................................ $12,342 $ 9,121
======= =======
</TABLE>
Research and Development
Research and development expenditures are generally charged to operations
as incurred. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 86,
"Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise
Marketed," requires the capitalization of certain software development costs
subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility. Based on the
Company's product development process, technological feasibility is
established upon completion of a working model. Costs incurred by the Company
between completion of the working model and the point at which the product is
ready for general release have been insignificant. Through December 31, 1999,
all research and development costs have been expensed.
Reclassification
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current
year presentation.
35
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS
No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" which
requires companies to record derivative financial instruments on the balance
sheet as assets or liabilities, measured at fair value. Gains or losses
resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives would be accounted
for depending on the use of the derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge
accounting. The key criterion for hedge accounting is that the hedging
relationship must be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair
value or cash flows. The Company will be required to adopt SFAS No. 133 in
fiscal 2001 in accordance with SFAS No. 137, which delays the required
implementation of SFAS No. 133 for one year. This Statement will not have a
material impact on the financial condition or results of the operations of the
Company.
In March 1998, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued Statement of Position
(SOP) 98-4, "Deferral of the Effective Date of a Provision of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition,"' which defers for one year the application of
provisions in SOP 97-2 which limit what is considered vendor specific
objective evidence of the fair value of the various elements in a multiple
element arrangement. All other provisions of SOP 97-2 remain in effect. This
SOP was effective as of June 30, 1998. In December 1998, the AICPA issued SOP
98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition,' With Respect
to Certain Transactions," which amends paragraphs 11 and 12 of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, to require recognition of revenue using the
"residual value method" under certain conditions. Effective December 15, 1998,
SOP 98-9 amends SOP 98-4, "Deferral of the Effective Date of a Provision of
SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition,"' to extend the deferral of the
application of certain passages of SOP 97-2 provided by SOP 98-4 through
fiscal years beginning on or before March 15, 1999. All other provisions of
this SOP are effective for transactions entered into in fiscal years beginning
after March 15, 1999. The Company does not anticipate that these statements
will have a material adverse impact on its statement of operations.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") issued
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101 ("SAB 101"), "Revenue Recognition in
Financial Statements," which provides guidance on the recognition,
presentation, and disclosure of revenue in financial statements filed with the
SEC. SAB 101 outlines the basic criteria that must be met to recognize revenue
and provides guidance for disclosures related to revenue recognition policies.
The Company will adopt SAB 101 as required in the second quarter of 2000.
Management does not expect the adoption of SAB101 to have a material effect on
the financial position or results of the operations of the Company.
2. Business Combination
On November 25, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of
Cadis, a privately held Delaware corporation which develops, markets, and
supports component and supplier management software, by issuing approximately
1,411,000 shares of the Company's common stock. The acquisition was accounted
for as a pooling-of-interests and the accompanying consolidated financial
statements of Aspect for the year ended December 31, 1997 have been restated
to include the operating results of Cadis. In connection with the transaction,
the Company incurred approximately $4.3 million in merger related expenses,
including $0.9 million in consulting fees to financial advisors, $0.7 million
for legal and other professional fees, $0.7 million for personnel severance
and outplacement expenses and $0.6 million for facilities consolidation
expense. Of the merger expenses, a total of approximately $2.9 million was
accrued at December 31, 1997, which was fully utilized at December 31, 1998.
There were no materially significant intercompany transactions between the
Company and Cadis prior to the merger and there were no significant
adjustments required to conform the financial reporting of the two companies.
36
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The following information shows revenue and net income (loss) of the
separate companies during the ten months ended October 31, 1997 preceding the
combination (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unaudited
Ten Months
Ended
October
31, 1997
----------
<S> <C>
Revenue:
Aspect............................................................ $36,170
Cadis............................................................. 4,564
-------
$40,734
=======
Net income (loss):
Aspect............................................................ $ 6,614
Cadis............................................................. (6,725)
-------
$ (111)
=======
</TABLE>
3. Lease Obligations
The Company leases 18 office facilities under noncancelable operating
leases, which expire at various dates through November 2007. The Company also
rents certain property and equipment under operating leases. Rental expense
for all operating leases, net of sublease income, was $3,223,000, $2,439,000
and $2,378,000 for 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments, net of sublease income, under operating
lease obligations which have initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms
in excess of one year as of December 31, 1999 are as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Amount
-------
<S> <C>
Year ending December 31,
2000................................................................ $ 3,903
2001................................................................ 3,217
2002................................................................ 2,903
2003................................................................ 3,215
2004................................................................ 2,026
Thereafter.......................................................... 3,054
-------
Total minimum lease payments...................................... $18,318
=======
</TABLE>
4. Stockholders' Equity
Cadis was authorized to issue a total of 1,985,705 shares of Junior
Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred stock ("Junior Preferred"), all of which had
been issued as of December 31, 1996. The holders of Junior Preferred were
entitled to liquidation preferences of $1.00 per share and were not entitled
to dividends. The Junior Preferred was mandatroily redeemable at $1.00 per
share on each of July 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002. In 1997, all of the outstanding
Junior Preferred of Cadis was converted to common stock of the Company at the
time of the acquisition of Cadis.
37
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Stock Repurchase
In 1999, the Company's Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to
an aggregate of $25 million of its common stock. During 1999, the Company
repurchased approximately 5.7 million shares of its common stock totaling
approximately $20.6 million.
Stock Split
In 1998, the Company effected a two for one stock split by declaring a
dividend payable in shares of the Common Stock of the Company, of one
additional share for each share outstanding. All share and per share numbers
in the accompanying financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the
stock split.
The Company announced a two-for-one stock split payable to shareholders of
record as of the close of business on February 25, 2000. The stock split was
effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend. The Company's transfer agent
delivered new stock certificates representing the additional shares on March
10, 2000. As a result, all financial statement and earnings per share data
have been adjusted for the two for one stock split.
Share Purchase Rights Plan
On September 1, 1998 the Board of Directors approved the adoption of a
Share Purchase Rights Plan (the "Rights Plan"). Terms of the Rights Plan
provide for a dividend distribution of one preferred share purchase right (a
"Right") for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $.001 per share
(the "Common Shares"), of the Company. The dividend was payable on October 22,
1998 (the "Record Date") to the stockholders of record on that date. Each
Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-
hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par
value $.001 per share (the "Preferred Shares"), at a price of $187.50 per one
one-hundredth of a Preferred Share (the "Purchase Price"), subject to
adjustment. Each one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Shares has
designations and powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications,
limitations and restrictions which make its value approximately equal to the
value of a Common Share.
Rights will not be distributed until the earlier of (i) the date of a
public announcement that a person, entity or group of affiliated or associated
persons have acquired beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the outstanding
Common Shares (an "Acquiring Person") or (ii) 10 business days (or such later
date as may be determined by action of the Board of Directors prior to such
time as any person or entity becomes an Acquiring Person) following the
commencement of, or announcement of an intention to commence, a tender offer
or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in any person or
entity becoming an Acquiring Person. The Rights will expire on October 7, 2008
unless the Rights are earlier redeemed or exchanged by the Company.
Stock Options
Amended and Restated 1992 Stock Option Plan. In 1996, the Company adopted
its Amended and Restated 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan"), which authorizes
the board of directors to grant incentive and nonstatutory stock to purchase
up to 7,860,000 shares of common stock to employees, officers, directors and
consultants of the Company. The 1992 Plan allows for the grant of incentive
stock options to employees and the grant of nonstatutory stock options to all
eligible participants. In 1998, the Company amended the 1992 Plan to increase
the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder to
10,060,000. In 1999, the Company amended the 1992 Plan to increase the number
of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder to 12,060,000
shares and to modify the eligibility requirements to (i) permit directors who
are not employees of the Company ("non-employee directors") to participate in
the plan and (ii) increase the maximum number of options that may be granted
to an employee in any fiscal year from 1,000,000 to 2,000,000.
38
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The exercise price shall be at least 100% and 85% of the fair market value
of the common stock on the date of the grant for incentive stock options and
nonstatutory stock options, respectively, except for options granted to a
person owning greater than 10% of the total voting power of the Company, for
which the exercise price of the options must not be less than 110% of the fair
market value at the time of grant. Options generally become exercisable upon
grant subject to repurchase rights in favor of the Company until vested. At
December 1999, a total of 4,535 shares of common stock previously exercised
under the plan were subject to repurchase. Shares generally vest over a period
of four years, with 1/8 of the shares subject to option vesting at the end of
the six months after commencement of employment, and the remainder vesting
ratably over the next 42 months. Options may be granted with different vesting
terms. Options are exercisable for a term of ten years after the date of grant
except those options granted to a person owning greater than 10% of the total
vesting power of stock of the Company, which are exercisable for a term of
five years after the date of grant. The options are not transferable.
In the event of a sale or merger of the Company, the board may arrange with
the acquiring corporation for such corporation either to assume the Company's
rights and obligations under the outstanding options or to substitute new
options for the acquiring corporation's stock for such outstanding options.
Options that are neither assumed nor substituted by the acquiring corporation,
nor exercised as of the date of the sale or merger, terminate and cease to be
outstanding as of the date of the transaction.
On November 25, 1997, in connection with the merger of the Company and
Cadis described in Note 2, the Company substituted options covering 235,684
shares of common stock for options granted under the Cadis option plan and
assumed the rights and obligations of Cadis with respect to the outstanding
options. The options are generally exercisable only when vested, and have
similar vesting terms as options granted under the 1992 Plan.
1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan. In 1996, the Company adopted its
1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan (the "Directors Plan") and reserved
for issuance a total of 200,000 shares of common stock. The Directors Plan
provides for the automatic grant of nonstatutory stock options to directors of
the Company who are not employees of the Company or any parent or subsidiary
corporation of the Company ("Outside Directors"). Under the Directors Plan,
each Outside Director who had not previously been granted an option under a
stock option plan of the Company was granted automatically on the effective
date of the IPO an option to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock. Each new
Outside Director elected after the date of the IPO is granted automatically on
the date of election an option to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock. Such
options will become vested in three annual installments on the anniversary of
the date of grant. In addition, each Outside Director previously granted an
option under the Directors Plan is granted automatically on the date of each
annual meeting of the stockholders after 1996 an option to purchase 10,000
shares of common stock. Each such subsequent option will become vested in full
on the third anniversary of the date of grant. The exercise price of each
option granted under the Directors Plan is equal to the fair market value of
the common stock on the date of grant, and the term of each option is ten
years. Options granted under the Directors plan are nontransferable. In 1999,
the Company terminated future grants under the 1996 Directors Plan.
1997 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan. In 1997, the Company adopted its 1997
Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan (the "1997 Plan"), which authorizes the board
of directors to grant nonstatutory stock options to purchase up to 5,400,000
shares of common stock to eligible participants. The option exercise price
shall be at least 85% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock
on the date of grant of the option. The options are not transferable. Shares
vest ratably over a 48-month period.
39
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Information with respect to activity under the plans is as follows (in
thousands except per share and exercise price amounts):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Outstanding Options
--------------------- Weighted
Options Number Price Average
Available of Per Exercise
for Grant Shares Share Price
--------- ------ ------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1996........... 3,688 8,880 $0.02--$ 6.69 $ 1.32
Additional Shares Authorized.......... 4,800 -- -- --
Options Granted....................... (6,800) 6,800 $0.75--$11.21 $ 7.25
Exercised............................. -- (2,692) $0.02--$ 8.44 $ 0.44
Canceled.............................. 760 (760) $0.05--$ 9.78 $ 5.07
------- ------ ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1997........... 2,448 12,228 $0.02--$11.21 $ 4.60
Additional Shares Authorized.......... 4,400 -- -- --
Options Granted....................... (5,000) 5,000 $8.88--$19.13 $13.53
Exercised............................. -- (3,146) $0.02--$15.94 $ 2.74
Canceled.............................. 1200 (1,200) $0.05--$19.13 $ 8.24
------- ------ ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1998........... 3,048 12,882 $0.02--$19.13 $ 8.20
Additional Shares Authorized.......... 14,000 -- -- --
Options Granted....................... (13,530) 13,530 $3.47--$24.22 $ 7.63
Exercised............................. -- (3,251) $0.05--$19.13 $ 4.41
Canceled.............................. 1,804 (1,804) $0.18--$19.13 $ 8.88
------- ------ ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1999........... 5,322 21,357 $0.05--$24.22 $ 8.36
======= ====== ============= ======
</TABLE>
At December 31, 1999, 5,784,460 options were vested (3,731,104 at December
31, 1998).
Compensation expense recognized in fiscal 1999, 1998, and 1997 total
approximately $167,000, $166,000, and $168,000, respectively. At December 31,
1999, deferred compensation totaled $43,000.
1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. In 1996, the Company adopted its 1996
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Purchase Plan"). A total of 1,000,000
shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the Purchase
Plan, and 362,893 were issued in the year ended December 31, 1997, 312,939 in
the year ended December 31, 1998 and 89,301 in the year ended December 31,
1999. The Purchase Plan permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at
a discount, but only through payroll deductions, during concurrent 24-month
offering periods. Each offering period is divided into four consecutive six-
month purchase periods. The price at which stock is sold under the Purchase
Plan is equal to 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first
day of the offering period or the last day of the purchase period, whichever
is lower. The initial offering period commenced approximately two weeks prior
to the effective date of the IPO. In 1999, the Company amended the Purchase
Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance
under the Purchase Plan from 1,000,000 to 1,200,000.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No.
25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" (APB 25) and related
interpretations in accounting for its employee stock options because, as
discussed below, the alternative fair value accounting provided for under SFAS
No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" requires use of option
valuation models that were not developed for use in valuing employee stock
options. Under APB 25, because the exercise price of the Company's employee
stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of
grant, no compensation expense is recognized.
40
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share is
required by SFAS No. 123, which also requires that the information be
determined as if the Company has accounted for its employee stock options
granted subsequent to December 31, 1994 under the fair value method of SFAS
No. 123. The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-
average assumptions for 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively: risk-free interest
rates of 5.59%, 5.26%, and 6.00%; a dividend yield of 0.0%; volatility factors
of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of .80, .84, and
.70; and a weighted-average expected life of the option of 0.03, 0.20, and 2.0
years beyond each respective vesting period. The weighted average fair value
of options granted during 1999, 1998, and 1997 was $7.04, $8.78, and $6.99,
respectively.
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in
estimating the fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions
and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the
input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price
volatility. Because the Company's employee stock options have characteristics
significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in
the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value
estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily
provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock
options.
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the
options is amortized to expense over the options' vesting period. The
Company's pro forma information follows (in thousands except for earnings per
share information):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999 1998 1997
------- ------ --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Pro forma net income (loss)....................... $(9,434) $4,366 $(13,157)
Pro forma earnings
Income (loss) per share (basic)................. $ (0.16) $ 0.07 $ (0.24)
Income (loss) per share (diluted)............... $ (0.16) $ 0.07 $ (0.24)
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes information regarding stock options
outstanding at December 31, 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
--------------------------------- --------------------
Shares Weighted
Outstanding Average Weighted Weighted
Range of at Remaining Average Average
Exercise December 31, Contractual Exercise Number Exercise
Prices 1999 Life Price Exercisable Price
-------------- ------------ ----------- -------- ----------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$0.05--$ 2.50 1,265,724 6.15 $1.39 923,383 $1.27
3.47-- 3.47 5,485,338 9.28 3.47 1,084,871 3.47
3.63-- 5.59 2,161,509 7.87 5.12 1,191,213 5.36
5.66-- 7.50 2,259,529 8.98 6.50 294,712 6.31
8.44-- 9.78 2,211,753 8.69 9.35 455,762 9.49
9.88-- 11.81 2,124,335 8.38 10.90 526,635 10.93
13.06-- 13.06 2,707,504 9.78 13.06 50,291 13.06
14.56-- 15.94 2,180,111 8.61 14.78 1,184,248 14.68
16.06-- 22.23 824,583 9.50 19.84 73,345 17.82
24.22-- 24.22 136,800 9.96 24.22 0 0
$0.05--$24.22 21,357,186 8.78 $8.32 5,784,460 $7.37
</TABLE>
41
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
5. Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to SFAS No. 109, "Accounting
for Income Taxes." SFAS No. 109 provides for an asset and liability approach
to accounting for income taxes under which deferred tax assets and liabilities
are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences
between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and
liabilities, and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be
recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance
when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some
portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be recognized. The effect
on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized
in income in the period of enactment.
The provision for taxes consists of the following (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years ended December
31,
----------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current:
Federal............................................. $ 5,183 $ 0 $1,027
State............................................... 1,587 100 466
Foreign............................................. 29 475 100
------- ------ ------
6,799 579 1,593
Deferred:
Federal............................................. (4,715) 2,387 --
State............................................... 128 1,556 --
------- ------ ------
(4,587) 3,943 --
------- ------ ------
$ 2,212 $4,522 $1,593
======= ====== ======
</TABLE>
The Company's effective income tax provision differs from the Federal
statutory rate of 35% due to the following (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years ended December
31,
-------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Expected tax provision (benefit) at federal
statutory rate................................ $ 3,492 $ 6,668 $(1,114)
State taxes (net of federal benefit)........... 599 1,656 308
Change in valuation allowance.................. (1,303) (3,120) 2,598
Non-deductible acquisition costs............... -- -- 519
Foreign taxes.................................. -- 479 100
Research credits............................... 906 (750) (350)
Foreign tax credits............................ (16) (411) --
Other.......................................... 346 -- 239
Prior year net operating losses not benefited.. -- -- (707)
------- ------- -------
Provision for income taxes..................... $ 2,212 $ 4,522 $ 1,593
======= ======= =======
Effective tax rate............................. 22.10% 22.01% N.M.
</TABLE>
As of December 31, 1999, the Company had federal, state and foreign net
operating loss carryforwards of approximately $46.8 million, of which
approximately $22.2 million relate to Cadis pre-acquisition net operating
losses. The Company also had federal and state research and development tax
credit carryforwards of approximately $4.9 million. The net operating loss and
credit carryforwards will expire between 2007 and 2019 if not utilized.
42
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Due to the change in ownership which resulted from Aspect Development,
Inc.'s acquisition of Cadis, there is an overall annual limitation of
approximately $3.5 million with respect to the entire $22.2 million of Cadis's
pre-acquisition net operating losses. The Company's net operating losses and
credits may also be subject to an annual limitation due to the ownership
change provisions should the Company itself experience an ownership change.
Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards............. $ 14,415 $ 11,319 $ 13,000
Research credit carryforwards................ 4,919 2,450 1,700
Foreign tax credits.......................... 442 811 400
Other timing differences..................... 5,229 2,000 2,000
--------- -------- --------
Total deferred tax assets...................... 25,005 16,580 17,100
Valuation allowance............................ (18,905) (15,000) (17,100)
--------- -------- --------
Net deferred tax assets........................ $ 6,100 $ 1,580 $ --
========= ======== ========
</TABLE>
The valuation allowance increased by $3.9 million during the year ended
December 31, 1999. Approximately $7.4 million of the remaining valuation
allowance relates to net operating losses and other tax attributes acquired in
the Cadis acquisition (see Note 2) which have not been benefited.
Approximately $11.5 million of the remaining valuation allowance relates to
benefits of stock option deductions which, if recognized, will be allocated
directly to stockholders' equity.
6. Joint Venture
The Company entered into a limited liability company joint venture
agreement with CMP Media Inc. ("CMP"), dated April 4, 1997. The joint venture,
ChipCenter LLC (formerly EDTN), was established to provide news, promotional
materials, literature, product data, reference material, application
information tutorials, seminars, product and software demonstrations and other
services through the Internet and corporate intranets to electronic systems
designers and purchasing managers. Initially, the ownership of the joint
venture was shared equally between the Company and CMP.
The Company's share of losses in the joint venture amounted to $0.5
million, $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively in fiscal 1999, 1998 and
1997, respectively. This amount is included in interest and other expense.
During 1999, the interest in the joint venture was fully written down and no
commitments existed for additional funding. As a result, the Company no longer
recognizes net earnings or losses in the consolidated statements of
operations.
In March 1999, both the Company and CMP each sold approximately one-third
of their respective interests in the joint venture to a third party. In
connection with this sale, the Company recorded a $3 million gain in interest
and other income. Subsequently in 1999, each of the three partners sold
approximately one-fourth of their respective interests to a fourth party in
return for its cash contribution to the joint venture.
43
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
7. Industry Segment and Geographic Information
The Company adopted SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information," in fiscal 1998. SFAS No. 131 established
standards for reporting information about operating segments in annual
financial statements and requires selected information about operating
segments in interim financial reports issued to stockholders. It also
established standards for related disclosures about products and services, and
geographic areas. Operating segments are defined as components of an
enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is
evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making
group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
The Company is organized based upon the nature of the products and services
it offers. Under this organizational structure, the Company operates in three
business segments' licenses, subscriptions and maintenance, and service. The
Company evaluates its segment's performance based on several factors including
revenue and gross profit. The Company does not allocate or report financial
operations by segment beyond revenue and cost of revenue, nor does it allocate
long-term assets by business segment. No additional segment information is
reported in this footnote as required segment disclosures are included in the
Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Company's foreign operations consist of sales, marketing, and support
activities in subsidiaries and distributors throughout the world and
development and support activities in India. The Company's export sales were
as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended
December 31,
------------------
1999 1998 1997
---- ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues from unaffiliated customers:
Europe................................................. $182 $ 202 $ 976
Asia................................................... 249 2,344 1,046
---- ------ ------
Total export sales................................... $431 $2,546 $2,022
==== ====== ======
</TABLE>
Revenues and income (loss) before interest and taxes generated by the
Company and its corresponding identifiable assets classified by major
geographic area were as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues from unaffiliated customers:
North America................................ $ 84,324 $ 75,232 $41,431
Europe....................................... 8,180 8,413 7,452
Other international operations............... 2,641 2,720 1,046
-------- -------- -------
Total revenues............................. $ 95,145 $ 86,365 $49,929
======== ======== =======
Income (loss) before interest and taxes:
North America................................ $ 10,875 $ 17,661 $(9,328)
Europe....................................... (270) 3,051 3,520
Other international operations............... (6,832) (2,940) 129
-------- -------- -------
Income (loss) before interest and taxes.... $ 3,773 $ 17,772 $(5,679)
======== ======== =======
Identifiable assets:
North America................................ $123,440 $109,938
Europe....................................... 5,855 2,891
Other international operations............... 6,605 1,953
-------- --------
Total identifiable assets.................. $135,900 $114,782
======== ========
</TABLE>
44
<PAGE>
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
8. 401(k) Plan
Under the Company's 401(k) Plan, all employees who are at least 21 years
old are entitled to participate on the first quarterly enrollment date
following the first day of employment. Under the 401(k) Plan, eligible
employees are entitled to make tax-deferred contributions up to 20% of
compensation, subject to an annual limitation. The Company may, at its
discretion, make matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan. For the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, the Company made no matching
contributions.
9. Subsequent Events
TACTech acquisition
In January 2000, the Company announced that it had signed a definitive
agreement to acquire TACTech, Inc. Under the terms of the agreement, TACTech
shareholders will receive approximately 450,000 shares of Aspect common stock
in exchange for all the outstanding common stock of TACTech, for a total
purchase price at the time of announcement of approximately $16.1 million. The
signed definitive agreement, which is subject to the approval of TACTech's
stockholders and certain other conditions, will be accounted for by Aspect as
a purchase.
i2 Technologies Merger Agreement
On March 13, 2000, i2 Technologies, Inc. and the Company announced a
definitive agreement to merge in a stock-for-stock transaction pursuant to
which the stockholders of Aspect will receive 0.55 shares of i2 Technologies
common stock for each share of Aspect common stock. The merger has been
unanimously approved by the boards of directors of both companies and is
subject to approval by the stockholders of both companies and other regulatory
approvals.
45
<PAGE>
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Not Applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT.
Information required by this item, insofar as it relates to directors and
executive officers, will be contained under the captions "Election of
Directors and Executive Officers" and "Compliance with Section 16(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934" in the definitive Proxy Statement with
respect to the Company's 2000 Annual meeting of Stockholders (the "2000 Proxy
Statement'), and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Information required by this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement
under the caption "Executive Compensation," and is hereby incorporated by
reference thereto.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT.
Information required by this item will be contained in the 2000 Proxy
Statement under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management," and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.
Information required by this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement
under the caption "Certain Transactions," and is hereby incorporated by
reference thereto.
46
<PAGE>
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Report:
1. Financial Statements -- See Index to Consolidated Financial
Statements at Item 8 on Page 26 of this Report.
2. Exhibits. The following exhibits are filed as part of, or
incorporated by reference into, this Report.
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit
Number Exhibit Title
------- -------------
<C> <S>
3.1(1) Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
3.2(1) Form of Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be filed with the
Delaware Secretary of State following the closing of this offering.
3.3(4) Certificate of Designation for Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock
3.4(1) By-Laws.
4.1(1) Restated Rights Agreement dated December 3, 1993.
*10.1(1) Amended and Restated 1992 Stock Option Plan and forms of agreements
thereunder.
*10.2(1) 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
*10.3(1) 1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan and forms of agreement
thereunder.
10.4(1) Sublease Agreement between the Company and Insignia Solutions, Inc.
dated December 9, 1995.
10.5(1) Agreement of Lease between the Company and Mareld Company, Inc. dated
June 2, 1994.
10.6(1) Agreement of Lease between Aspect Development India and M.S.
Janardhan Corporation dated September 18, 1995.
10.7(1) Agreement of Lease between Aspect-DCM Pvt. Ltd. and the co-owners of
Leo Shopping Complex, dated February 10, 1994.
21.1 List of Subsidiaries.
23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP, Independent Public Accountants.
23.2 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.
23.3 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP, Independent Public Accountants.
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
99.1(4) Rights Agreement dated as of October 7, 1998 among the Company and
U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation.
</TABLE>
- --------
* Constitutes a management contract or compensatory plan required to be filed
pursuant to Item 13(a) of Form 10-K.
(1) Incorporated by reference to identically numbered exhibit to Registrant's
Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (file no. 333-3840-LA) filed on April
19, 1996.
(2) Incorporated by reference to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed
December 10, 1997.
(3) Incorporated by reference to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed
December 10, 1997.
(4) Incorporated by reference to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed
October 7, 1998.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended December 31, 1999:
None.
47
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on this 30th day
of March 2000.
Aspect Development, Inc.
/s/ Romesh Wadhwani
By: _________________________________
Romesh Wadhwani
Chief Executive Officer and
Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934,
this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ Romesh Wadhwani Chairman of the Board of March 30, 2000
______________________________________ Directors and Chief
Romesh Wadhwani Executive Officer
(Principal Executive
Officer)
/s/ Robert L. Evans President, Chief Operating March 30, 2000
______________________________________ Officer and Director
Robert L. Evans
/s/ David S. Dury Senior Vice President and March 30, 2000
______________________________________ Chief Financial Officer
David S. Dury (Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)
/s/ Dennis Sisco Director March 30, 2000
______________________________________
Dennis Sisco
/s/ Steven Goldby Director March 30, 2000
______________________________________
Steven Goldby
</TABLE>
48
<PAGE>
Exhibit 21.1
ASPECT DEVELOPMENT, INC.
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Subsidiary State or country of Incorporation
- ---------- ---------------------------------
<S> <C>
Aspect Development (Schweiz) GmbH............ Switzerland
Aspect Development BV........................ Netherlands
Aspect Development Europe Limited............ United Kingdom
Aspect Development India Private Limited..... India
Aspect Development KK........................ Japan
Aspect Development SARL...................... France
Aspect Development GmbH...................... Germany
InfiniteSupply.com, Inc. .................... Delaware
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Public Accountants
As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the incorporation
of our report included in this Form 10-K, into the Company's previously filed
Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File No. 333-11747, File No. 333-36117,
File No. 333-43139, File No. 333-63047, File No. 333-75919, and File No. 333-
86939).
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
San Jose, California
March 29, 2000
<PAGE>
Exhibit 23.2
CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements
(on Forms S-8) pertaining to the Aspect Development, Inc. 1992 Amended and
Restated Stock Option Plan, 1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan, 1996
Employee Stock Purchase Plan; the 1997 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, 1992
Stock Option and Options Granted Under the Cadis, Inc. 1991 Stock Option Plan
and Assumed by Aspect Development, Inc., of our report dated January 26, 1998,
except with respect to paragraph 3 of Note 4, as to which the date is
August 15, 1998, and paragraph 4 of Note 4, as to which the date is March 10,
2000, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Aspect
Development, Inc. included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended
December 31, 1999.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Palo Alto, California
March 27, 2000
<PAGE>
Exhibit 23.3
Consent of Independent Public Accountants
As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the incorporation of
our reports included in this Form 10-K, into the Company's previously filed
Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File No. 333-11747, File No. 333-36117,
File No. 333-43139, and File No. 333-63047, File No. 333-75919, and File No.
333-86939).
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
Denver, Colorado
March 29, 2000
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 5
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1999
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1999
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1999
<CASH> 28,872
<SECURITIES> 47,332
<RECEIVABLES> 28,709
<ALLOWANCES> 732
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 114,027
<PP&E> 23,966
<DEPRECIATION> (11,624)
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 129,134
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 37,125
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 90,159
<OTHER-SE> (1,691)
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 129,134
<SALES> 52,440
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 95,145
<CGS> 1,152
<TOTAL-COSTS> 15,550
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 75,822
<LOSS-PROVISION> 355
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 4
<INCOME-PRETAX> 10,011
<INCOME-TAX> 2,212
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 7,799
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 7,799
<EPS-BASIC> 0.13<F1>
<EPS-DILUTED> 0.12<F1>
<FN>
<F1>INCLUDES THE EFFECT OF A TWO-FOR-ONE STOCK SPLIT WHICH WAS EFFECTIVE MARCH 10,
2000.
</FN>
</TABLE>
