<PAGE>
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 1997
Registration No. 333-09349
================================================================================
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
-----------
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
FORM SB-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
-----------
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Name of Small Business Issuer in Its Charter)
-----------
Delaware 8731 13-3575874
(State or other jurisdiction (Primary Standard (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or Industrial Classification Identification Number)
organization) Code Number)
4520 Main Street
Suite 930
Kansas City, MO 64111
(816) 960-1333
(Address and telephone number of Small Business Issuer's principal executive
offices and principal place of business)
-----------
JEFFREY M. JONAS, M.D.
President and Chief Executive Officer
4520 Main Street
Suite 930
Kansas City, MO 64111
(816) 960-1333
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)
-----------
Copy to:
IRA L. KOTEL
Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel
A Professional Corporation
12 East 49th Street, 30th floor
New York, New York 10017
(212) 299-8600
-----------
Approximate date of proposed sale to the public:
From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
-----------
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a
delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, check the following box: |X|
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant
to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering: |_|
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under
the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering: |_|
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box: |_|
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<PAGE>
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date
or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant
shall file a further amendment that specifically states that this Registration
Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of
the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become
effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting
pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
<PAGE>
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AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CROSS-REFERENCE SHEET
Showing Location in Prospectus of Information
Required by Items of Form SB-2
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Form SB-2 Registration Statement and Heading Heading or Location in Prospectus
-------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
1. Front of Registration Statement and Outside Front
Cover of Prospectus .................................. Front of Registration Statement and Outside Front
Cover of Prospectus
2. Inside Front and Outside Back Cover Pages of
Prospectus............................................ Inside Front Cover Page of Prospectus
3. Summary Information and Risk Factors.................. Prospectus Summary; Risk Factors
4. Use of Proceeds....................................... Use of Proceeds
5. Determination of Offering Price....................... Inapplicable
6. Dilution.............................................. Inapplicable
7. Selling Securityholders............................... Selling Securityholders
8. Plan of Distribution.................................. Plan of Distribution
9. Legal Proceedings..................................... Business - Legal Proceedings
10. Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and
Control Persons....................................... Management
11. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management........................................ Principal Stockholders
12. Description of Securities............................. Description of Securities
13. Interest of Named Experts and Counsel................. Legal Counsel
14. Disclosure of Commission Position on
Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities........ Management
15. Organization Within Last Five Years................... Company Summary
16. Description of Business............................... Prospectus Summary; Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Plan of
Operations; Business
17. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of
Operation............................................. Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Plan of Operations
18. Description of Property............................... Business - Facilities
19. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions........ Certain Transactions
20. Market for Common Equity and Related
Stockholder Matters................................... Prospectus Summary; Market for Common Equity
and Related Stockholder Matters; Description of
Securities; Selling Securityholders; Shares Eligible
for Future Sales; Plan of Distribution
21. Executive Compensation................................ Management--Executive Compensation
22. Financial Statements.................................. Financial Statements
23. Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure................... Inapplicable
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
Subject to Completion, Dated August 14, 1997
7,047,788 Shares
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Common Stock
This Prospectus relates to the offer (the "Offering") by the securityholders
named herein under the caption "Selling Securityholders" (collectively, the
"Selling Securityholders") for sale to the public of the following securities of
AVAX Technologies, Inc. (the "Company"): (i) 688,160 shares of the Company's
common stock, par value $.004 per share (the "Common Stock"); (ii) 6,310,395
shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of currently outstanding shares
of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the
Company ("Series B Preferred Stock"); and (iii) 49,233 shares of Common Stock
issuable upon (a) the conversion of shares of Series B Preferred Stock of the
Company issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued to the designees of the
placement agent of the Series B Offering described herein (the "Series B
Placement Warrants") and (b) exercise of warrants issued to the designees of the
placement agent for certain bridge financing transactions of the Company
described herein (the "Bridge Placement Warrants," and together with the Series
B Placement Warrants, the "Placement Warrants"). The number of shares of Common
Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock and upon exercise
of the Placement Warrants is subject to adjustment in certain events.
The Company will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Common
Stock. The Company is not expected to receive any proceeds from the exercise of
the Placement Warrants since the Placement Warrants may be exercised pursuant to
a cashless exercise provision. In the event that the Placement Warrants are
exercised for cash, the Company intends to use such net cash proceeds (after
estimated expenses of this Offering of approximately $300,000) for general
working capital purposes. Proceeds, if any, from the exercise for cash of all
the Placement Warrants, before deduction of estimated expenses of this Offering,
would be approximately $160,000. Whether, how and to what extent any of the
Placement Warrants will be exercised, and whether the Placement Warrants are
exercised for cash or not, cannot be predicted by the Company.
The Selling Securityholders have advised the Company that they may sell,
directly or through brokers, all or a portion of the securities offered hereby
in negotiated transactions or in one or more transactions in the market at the
price prevailing at the time of sale. In connection with such sales, the Selling
Securityholders and any participating broker may be deemed to be "underwriters"
of the Common Stock within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933. It is
anticipated that usual and customary brokerage fees will be paid by the Selling
Securityholders in all open market transactions. The Company will pay all other
expenses of this Offering. See "Plan of Distribution."
The Company has informed the Selling Securityholders that the anti-manipulation
provisions of Regulation M promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
may apply to the sales of their shares offered hereby. The Company also has
advised the Selling Securityholders of the requirement for delivery of this
Prospectus in connection with any sale of the shares offered hereby.
The Company is in the research and development stage, has not had any operating
revenues, and at June 30, 1997, had an accumulated deficit of approximately
$5,352,323. The Company is continuing to incur losses and expects to incur
significantly increasing additional losses for the foreseeable future.
The Common Stock is listed for quotation on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market under the
symbol "AVXT." The last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq
SmallCap Market on August 12, 1997, was $4 27/32 per share. The prices of the
Common Stock which may be obtained on such market are not necessarily related to
the Company's assets, book value, results of operations or any other established
criteria of value, and should not be regarded as any indication of future market
price of the Common Stock. See "Risk Factors," "Description of Securities" and
"Plan of Distribution." There can be no assurance that an active trading market
in the Company's securities will develop or be sustained.
----------------
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY INVOLVE A HIGH DEGREE
OF RISK. SEE "RISK FACTORS."
----------------
THE COMMON STOCK HAS NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION
PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY
REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
----------------
The date of this Prospectus is ________, 1997
<PAGE>
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Company intends to furnish to registered holders of Common Stock, annual
reports containing financial statements examined by an independent accounting
firm and quarterly reports for the first three quarters of each fiscal year
containing interim unaudited financial information.
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (together with all
amendments and exhibits thereto being herein referred to as the "Registration
Statement") under the Securities Act of 1933. For further information about the
Company and the securities offered hereby, reference is made to the Registration
Statement and to the financial statements and exhibits filed as a part thereof.
The statements contained in this Prospectus as to the contents of any contract
or any other document are not necessarily complete, and in each instance
reference is made to the copy of such contract or document filed as an exhibit
to the Registration Statement, each such statement being qualified in all
respects by such reference. The Registration Statement, as well as other reports
and other information filed by the Company, can be inspected and copied at the
public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at Room 1024, 450 Fifth
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the Commission's Regional Offices
at 7 World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048. Copies of such material can
be obtained upon written request addressed to the Commission, Public Reference
Section, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
The Commission maintains a site on the World Wide Web at http://www.sec.gov that
contains reports, proxy and other information statements regarding registrants
that file electronically with the Commission.
2
<PAGE>
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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
The following summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its
entirety by reference to the more detailed information and the financial
statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus, including,
without limitation, the information under "Risk Factors," or incorporated herein
by reference, and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction therewith. Unless
otherwise indicated to the contrary, the information in this Prospectus gives
effect to a two-for-one reverse stock split of the Common Stock effected on May
13, 1997.
COMPANY SUMMARY
AVAX Technologies, Inc. ("AVAX" or the "Company"), is a development stage
biopharmaceutical company which intends to acquire rights to, and to develop,
technologies and products for the treatment of cancer and other life-threatening
diseases. The Company initially intends to focus its efforts primarily on the
development of immunotherapies and chemotherapies for cancer. Immunotherapy is a
rapidly developing segment of the cancer therapeutic market.
The Company has licensed (the "TJU License") from Thomas Jefferson University
("TJU") an issued U.S. patent and certain patent applications covering a process
for the modification of a patient's own tumor cells into a cancer vaccine. This
process allows the Company to produce an autologous cell vaccine (an "AC
Vaccine") that attempts to stimulate the patient's immune system to eliminate
the cancer. This technology has emerged from research conducted at TJU and
primarily involves the removal of a patient's own tumor cells, modifying them
with a small molecule known as a hapten, and reintroducing the product back into
the patient. The approach is based on the premise that a patient's immune
response to a strongly immunogenic, hapten-modified tumor antigen may be
followed by the development of an immune response to the unmodified tumor
antigen, somewhat analogous to the phenomenon of drug-induced autoimmune
disease.
The Company's initial AC Vaccine, M-Vax(TM), is currently undergoing
physician-sponsored human clinical trials based on an experimental protocol at
TJU as an outpatient, post-surgical, adjunct therapy for the treatment of
melanoma, and is believed by the Company to be the first therapeutic cancer
vaccine to show a substantial increase in the survival rate for patients with
stage 3 melanoma. In such ongoing clinical trials at TJU, over 300 melanoma
patients have been treated post-surgically on an outpatient basis with
M-Vax(TM). In 62 patients with stage 3 melanoma in protocols in which there has
been sufficient time for long-term follow-up, the five-year survival rate is
approximately 60%. This compares with the historical and control group stage 3
survival rate of approximately 20%, and the survival rate for treatment with
high dose alpha interferon of approximately 32% in stage 3 patients whom the
Company believes to be comparable to those treated with M-Vax(TM). The Company
believes that the results to date of the ongoing clinical trial represent the
first substantial increase in survival for stage 3 melanoma patients treated by
immunotherapy. In the over 300 patients treated in studies, the Company believes
that only relatively minor side effects, such as mild transient nausea and
soreness and swelling at the site of the application of the M-Vax(TM) vaccine,
have been witnessed to date.
TJU and Dr. David Berd, the inventor of the AC Vaccine technology, have
conducted the ongoing clinical trials at TJU pursuant to an FDA-approved,
physician-sponsored Investigational New Drug Application ("IND"). The Company
has recently met with the FDA to discuss the clinical results obtained with
M-Vax(TM), the use of such results in support of the submission of a
Company-sponsored IND to the FDA, and to review its proposed development
program, which includes Phase III clinical trials for M-Vax(TM). Depending upon
the results of such clinical trials, it is the Company's intention to use the
results of these Company-sponsored clinical trials along with the results of the
clinical trial conducted at TJU, as the basis for the filing of a New Drug
Application ("NDA") for FDA approval to market M-Vax(TM). The Company also may
pursue a similar regulatory approval and commercialization strategy for
M-Vax(TM) in Australia, Canada, Mexico and certain other countries through
corporate partnering strategies, although such strategies have not yet been
finalized or initiated. Denial of any regulatory approvals or any significant
delays in obtaining any of the same, would have a material adverse effect on the
Company.
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3
<PAGE>
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The Company also believes that the AC Vaccine technology may have applications
in the treatment of other cancers, which may include ovarian, breast, prostate,
lung and colorectal cancers and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The Company
intends to fund the preclinical and initial clinical development of this
technology for at least some of these indications. Accordingly, in addition to
continuing the clinical work on M-Vax(TM), the Company has also entered into a
sponsored research agreement with TJU relating to the development of additional
immunotherapies based on the AC Vaccine technology. For example, the Company is
enrolling patients for its Phase II clinical trial of O-Vax(TM), its AC Vaccine
for ovarian cancer. This trial is being conducted at TJU under the direction of
Dr. Berd.
In order to contain costs, the Company may continue to use sponsored research
agreements and contract research organizations to help it develop its
technologies. At the appropriate time the Company may seek corporate partners to
provide the necessary resources and expertise for clinical development and to
market and distribute products. In addition, the Company may seek to explore the
acquisition and subsequent development and commercialization of additional
commercially promising immunotherapy, chemotherapy and adjuvant technologies. No
assurance can be given that the Company will have the requisite resources or
that any such projects will be identified on terms favorable to the Company, if
at all.
In connection with the Company's strategy to acquire, develop and commercialize
other potential biotechnology products and technologies, the Company has
licensed from Rutgers University and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of
New Jersey (collectively, "Rutgers"), certain patent applications relating to a
series of compounds for the potential treatment of cancer and infectious
diseases (the "Rutgers License"). The Company also has licensed from The Texas
A&M University System ("Texas A&M"), an issued U.S. patent and certain patent
applications relating to a series of compounds for the potential treatment of
cancer (the "Texas A&M License"). Pursuant to the Rutgers License and the Texas
A&M License (and under its related sponsored research agreements with each of
Rutgers and Texas A&M), the Company intends to expend substantial resources on
the research and development of these compounds.
The Company may seek to explore the acquisition and subsequent development and
commercialization of additional commercially promising immunotherapy and
adjuvant technologies. No assurance can be given that the Company will have the
requisite resources or that any such projects will be identified on terms
favorable to the Company, if at all.
The Company was incorporated in the State of New York on January 12, 1990, under
the name Nehoc, Inc. On May 29, 1992, it changed its name to Appex Technologies,
Inc. On October 22, 1992, the Company merged into Walden Laboratories, Inc.
("Walden"), a Delaware corporation, which was incorporated on September 18,
1992. On December 27, 1995, Walden sold its former leading product under
development, an over-the-counter nutritional dietary, medicinal and/or
elixorative food supplement or drug and related patents and intellectual
property to a subsidiary of Interneuron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The Company
changed its name from Walden Laboratories, Inc., to AVAX Technologies, Inc.,
effective March 26, 1996.
The Company's office is located at 4520 Main Street, Suite 930, Kansas City,
Missouri 64111. Its telephone number at that address is (816) 960-1333.
M-Vax(TM) and O-Vax(TM) are trademarks of the Company. This Prospectus also
includes trademarks of other companies.
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4
<PAGE>
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OFFERING SUMMARY
Common Stock Outstanding
as of August 14, 1997: 3,563,874 shares of Common Stock, including
688,160 currently outstanding shares of
Common Stock directly held by the Selling
Securityholders.1
Common Stock Offered
by Selling Securityholders: 7,047,788 shares of Common Stock.
Risk Factors: The securities offered hereby involve a high
degree of risk. See "Risk Factors."
OTC Bulletin Board Symbol AVXT
and Nasdaq SmallCap
Market Symbol:
Use of Proceeds: The Company will not receive any proceeds
from the sale of shares of Common Stock. The
Company is not expected to receive any
proceeds from the exercise of the Placement
Warrants since the Placement Warrants may be
exercised pursuant to a cashless exercise
provision. In the event that the Placement
Warrants are exercised for cash, the Company
intends to use such net cash proceeds (after
estimated offering expenses of this Offering
of approximately $300,000) for general
working capital purposes. Proceeds, if any,
from the exercise for cash of all the
Placement Warrants, before deduction of
estimated expenses of this Offering, would
be approximately $160,000. Whether, how and
to what extent any of the Placement Warrants
will be exercised, and whether the Placement
Warrants are exercised for cash or not,
cannot be predicted by the Company. See "Use
of Proceeds," "Certain Transactions,"
"Selling Securityholders" and "Description
of Securities."
- ----------
(1) Does not include (i) 6,344,305 shares of Common Stock issuable upon
conversion of currently outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock,
(ii) 704,824 shares of Common Stock issuable upon (a) exercise of
Bridge Placement Warrants and (b) conversion of Series B Preferred
Stock issuable upon exercise of Series B Placement Warrants, (iii)
30,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding
stock options at an exercise price of $1.20 per share under the
Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan, (iv) 407,500 shares of Common Stock
reserved for issuance of future options under the Company's 1992 Stock
Option Plan, (v) 941,372 shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance
pursuant to the employment arrangements among the Company and certain
of its full-time employees, officers and consultants, and (vi)
approximately 278,250 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of
other warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock. See "Executive
Compensation" and "Description of Securities."
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5
<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL DATA
The following table presents historical financial information derived from the
financial statements of the Company.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31 Six Months
---------------------- Ended
1995 1996 June 30
---- ---- -------
1996 1997
---- ----
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Statement of Operations Data:
Gain from sale of the Product .......... $1,951,000 $ -- $ -- $ --
Total operating income (loss) .......... 1,521,243 (1,992,386) (460,259) (2,561,660)
Net income (loss) ...................... 1,380,571 (1,536,842) (505,077) (2,098,301)
Net income (loss) attributable to common
stockholders ..................... 642,282 (2,668,586) (1,636,21) (2,098,301)
Net income (loss) per common share (1) . .19 (.84) (.55) (.62)
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding ...................... 3,385,171 3,182,058 2,988,668 3,394,844
</TABLE>
June 30, 1997
-------------
December 31, 1996 (Unaudited)
----------------- -----------
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents .................... $ 13,832,179 $ 9,707,661
Marketable securities ........................ 6,134,853 8,182,100
Total current assets ......................... 22,277,776 19,175,400
Total assets ................................. 22,321,546 19,239,500
Amount payable to preferred stockholders ..... 2,156,106 1,083,747
Amount payable to former officer ............. 93,353 46,922
Total current liabilities .................... 2,527,136 1,405,134
Deficit accumulated during development
stage ........................................ (3,254,022) (5,352,323)
Stockholders' equity ......................... 19,794,410 17,834,366
- ----------
(1) See Note 1 to Financial Statements for an explanation of the determination
of shares used in computing Net income (loss) per common share.
6
<PAGE>
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the shares of Common Stock offered hereby is highly speculative
in nature, involves a high degree of risk and should not be purchased by persons
who cannot afford a loss of their entire investment. Each prospective investor
should consider carefully the risks inherent in and affecting both the business
of the Company and the value of the Common Stock and speculative factors
including, without limitation, the following risk factors, as well as other
information contained elsewhere in this Prospectus before making an investment
in the Common Stock.
HISTORY OF OPERATING LOSSES; ACCUMULATED DEFICIT; UNCERTAINTY OF FUTURE
PROFITABILITY
The Company has incurred substantial operating losses since its inception. As of
June 30, 1997, the Company's accumulated deficit was approximately $5,352,323.
The Company expects to incur significant increasing operating losses over the
next several years, primarily due to the expansion of its research and
development programs, including clinical trials for M-VaxTM and preclinical
studies and clinical trials for other products that it may acquire or develop.
The Company's ability to achieve profitability depends upon, among other things,
its ability to develop products, obtain regulatory approval for its proposed
products, and enter into agreements for product development, manufacturing and
commercialization. The Company's M-VaxTM product does not currently generate
revenue and the Company does not expect to achieve revenues from this or other
products for the foreseeable future. Moreover, there can be no assurance that
the Company will ever achieve significant revenues or profitable operations from
the sale of M-VaxTM or any other products that it may develop.
NEED FOR ADDITIONAL FINANCING; ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES; FUTURE DILUTION
In the future, the Company may require substantial additional financing to
continue research, undertake product development and to pursue the manufacturing
and marketing of any products that it may develop. The Company anticipates that
further funds may be raised through additional debt or equity financings
conducted by the Company, or through collaborative ventures entered into between
the Company and potential corporate partners. However, there can be no assurance
that any such offering will be consummated or that the Company will otherwise be
able to obtain additional financing or that such financing, if available, can be
obtained on terms favorable or acceptable to the Company. If such offerings are
not consummated or additional financing is not otherwise available, the Company
will be required to modify its business development plans or reduce or cease
certain or all of its operations.
While the Company may seek to enter into collaborative ventures with corporate
sponsors to fund some or all of its research and development activities, as well
as to manufacture or market any products which may be successfully developed,
the Company currently does not have any such arrangements with corporate
sponsors, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter
into such ventures on favorable or acceptable terms, if at all. In addition, no
assurance can be given that the Company will be able to complete a subsequent
public offering or private placement of its securities. Failure by the Company
to enter into such collaborative ventures or to receive additional funding to
complete its proposed product development programs either through a private
placement or a public offering could have a material adverse effect on the
Company. In the event that the Company obtains any additional funding, such
financings may have a dilutive effect on the holders of the Common Stock. See
"Risk Factors--Dependence on Third Parties for Additional Funds and for
Manufacturing, Marketing and Selling."
In addition, the Company currently has an employee stock option plan under which
its officers and directors will be eligible to receive stock options exercisable
for Common Stock at exercise prices which may be lower than the current market
price of the Common Stock. Similarly, under employment arrangements with certain
full-time employees, officers and consultants of the Company, the Company has
granted such employees and officers options for Common Stock at exercise prices
that may be lower than the prevailing market price of the Common Stock from time
to time. Such stock option grants under the employee stock option plan if any,
and to certain of the full-time employees, officers and consultants of the
Company, may dilute the value of the Common Stock. See "Management" and
"Description of Securities--1992 Stock Option Plan; Other Options."
7
<PAGE>
DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY
Although the Company was organized in January 1990, it has only conducted
limited research and development activities and has not generated any
significant revenues to date from operations. Accordingly, the Company must be
evaluated in light of the expenses, delays, uncertainties and complications
typically encountered by newly established biopharmaceutical businesses, many of
which uncertainties and complications may be beyond the Company's control. These
include, but are not limited to, unanticipated problems relating to product
development, testing, regulatory compliance, manufacturing, marketing and
competition, and additional costs and expenses that may exceed current
estimates. There can be no assurance that the Company will successfully develop
and commercialize any products, generate any revenues or ever achieve profitable
operations. See "Business."
TECHNOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTY AND EARLY STAGE OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
The technologies and products which the Company intends to develop are in the
early stages of research and development, require significant further research,
development and testing and are subject to the risks of failure inherent in the
development of products based on innovative or novel technologies. These risks
include, but are not limited to, the possibility that any or all of the
Company's proposed products will be found to be ineffective or unsafe, that the
products once developed, although effective, are uneconomical to market, that
third parties hold proprietary rights that preclude the Company from marketing
such products or that third parties market a superior or equivalent product and
that the Company will be unable to secure a meaningful patent position for such
products. See "Uncertainty Regarding Patents and Proprietary Rights." The
results of initial preclinical and clinical testing of the Company's current and
proposed products under development are neither necessarily predictive of
results that will be obtained from subsequent or more extensive preclinical and
clinical testing nor necessarily acceptable to the United States Food and Drug
Administration (the "FDA") or other similar agencies to support applications for
marketing permits.
The Company's agreements with (i) TJU, its licensor for the AC Vaccine
technology, (ii) Rutgers, its licensor for certain anti-cancer and
anti-infective technology and (iii) Texas A&M, its licensor for certain
anti-cancer technology, do not contain any representations by the licensors as
to the safety or efficacy of the inventions or discoveries covered thereby. The
Company is unable to predict whether the research and development activities it
is funding will result in any commercially viable products or applications.
Further, due to the extended testing required before marketing clearance can be
obtained from the FDA or other similar agencies, the Company is not able to
predict with any certainty, when, if ever, it will be able to commercialize any
of its proposed products.
The market for biotechnology in general, and for cancer immunotherapies such as
the AC Vaccine technology and other possible future products, in particular, are
characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and
frequent new product introductions. The Company's future success will depend
upon its ability to develop and commercialize its existing product and to
develop new products and features. There can be no assurance that the Company
will successfully complete the development of its existing product or of any
future product or that the Company's current or future products will achieve
market acceptance. Any delay or failure of M-Vax(TM), or of any future product
which the Company may develop, in achieving market acceptance would materially
and adversely affect the Company's business. In addition, there can be no
assurance that products or technologies developed by others will not materially
render the Company's existing or future products or technologies non-competitive
or obsolete.
This Prospectus includes estimates by the Company of the number of patients with
a particular type of cancer or other diseases, the number of patients who were
administered a particular vaccine or drug and the number of patients who
received or might have been candidates for a particular type of treatment. There
can be no assurance that such estimates accurately reflect the true market or
the extent to which any of the Company's products, if successfully developed,
will actually be used by patients. Furthermore, even if patient use occurs,
there can be no assurance that the Company's sales of its products for such uses
will be profitable. Failure of the Company to successfully develop, obtain
regulatory approval for, introduce and market M-Vax(TM) and any possible future
products would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
8
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GOVERNMENT REGULATION; NO ASSURANCE OF PRODUCT APPROVAL
The proposed products of the Company will be subject to very stringent federal,
state and local government regulations, including, without limitation, the
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, and its state and local counterparts.
Similar regulatory frameworks exist in other countries where the Company may
consider marketing its products. To date, TJU and Dr. David Berd, the inventor
of the AC Vaccine technology, have conducted the ongoing clinical trials at TJU
pursuant to an FDA-approved physician sponsored Investigational New Drug
Application ("IND"). The Company has recently met with the FDA to discuss the
clinical results obtained with M-Vax(TM), the use of such results in support of
the submission of a Company-sponsored IND to the FDA, and to review its proposed
development program, which includes Phase III clinical trials for M-Vax(TM).
Prior to marketing M-Vax(TM) or any other possible product the Company may
develop, such product must undergo an extensive regulatory approval process. Any
denials or delays in obtaining requisite approvals would be likely to have a
material adverse effect on the Company.
The regulatory process includes preclinical and clinical testing of any product
to establish its safety and efficacy. This testing can take many years and
require the expenditure of substantial capital and other resources. Delays or
denials of marketing approval are encountered regularly due to the submission of
unacceptable or incomplete data as deemed by the FDA or other similar regulatory
agency, or due to regulatory policy for product approvals. These delays may be
encountered both domestically and abroad. There is no assurance that even after
clinical testing, regulatory approval will ever be obtained. If obtained,
regulatory approval may provide limitations on the indicated uses for which any
products may be marketed. Following regulatory approval, if any, a marketed
product and its manufacturer are subject to continual regulatory review.
Later discovery of problems with a product or manufacturer may result in
restrictions on such product or manufacturer. These restrictions may include
withdrawal of the marketing approval for the product. In addition, new
government regulations may be established that could delay or prevent regulatory
approval of the Company's products under development. Failure of the Company to
obtain and maintain regulatory approval of its proposed products, processes or
facilities would have a material adverse effect on the business, financial
condition and results of operations of the Company. In addition, many academic
institutions and companies doing research in the field of cancer immunotherapy
are using a variety of approaches and technologies. Any adverse results obtained
by such researchers in preclinical or clinical studies, even if not directly or
indirectly related to the Company's potential products or approaches, could
adversely affect the regulatory environment for immunotherapy or other
biotechnology products generally, and possibly lead to delays in the approval
process for the Company's potential products. See "Business--Government
Regulation."
DEPENDENCE ON OTHERS FOR CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF, AND REGULATORY APPROVALS FOR,
MANUFACTURING AND MARKETING OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
The Company anticipates that it may in the future seek to enter into
collaborative agreements with pharmaceutical or other biotechnology companies
for the development of, clinical testing of, seeking of regulatory approval for,
and manufacturing, marketing and commercialization of, certain of its products.
The Company may in the future grant to its collaborative partners, if any,
rights to license and commercialize any pharmaceutical products developed under
these collaborative agreements and such rights would limit the Company's
flexibility in considering alternatives for the commercialization of such
products. Under such agreements, the Company may rely on its collaborative
partners to conduct research efforts and clinical trials on, obtain regulatory
approvals for, manufacture, market and commercialize certain of the Company's
products. Although the Company believes that its collaborative partners may have
an economic motivation to commercialize the pharmaceutical products which they
may license, the amount and timing of resources devoted to these activities
generally will be controlled by each such individual partner. There can be no
that the Company will be successful in establishing any collaborative
arrangements, or that, if established, such future partners will be successful
in commercializing products or that the Company will derive any revenues from
such arrangements. Although the Company intends to pursue such collaborative
arrangements in the future, there are no specific arrangements, proposals, plans
or understandings with respect to any such collaborative arrangements.
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DEPENDENCE ON THIRD PARTIES FOR ADDITIONAL FUNDS AND FOR MANUFACTURING,
MARKETING AND SELLING
The Company currently does not have the resources to directly manufacture,
market or sell M-Vax(TM) or any products it may develop in the future.
Accordingly, the Company may be dependent on corporate partners or other
entities for, and may have only limited control over, commercial scale
manufacturing, marketing and selling of its products. The inability of the
Company to acquire such third party manufacturing, distribution, marketing and
selling arrangements for the Company's anticipated products will have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business. There can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to enter into any arrangements for the manufacturing,
marketing and selling of its products. In the event the Company determines to
establish a manufacturing facility, such endeavor will require substantial
additional funds, the hiring and retention of significant additional personnel
and compliance with extensive regulations applicable to such a facility. There
can be no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully establish such
a facility, hire such personnel or successfully manufacture products for sale at
competitive prices. See "Business--Manufacturing and Marketing."
DEPENDENCE ON LICENSES AND SPONSORED RESEARCH AGREEMENTS
The Company relies heavily on third parties for a variety of functions,
including certain functions relating to research and development. As of August
14, 1997, the Company had only six full-time employees. The Company is party to
several license and research agreements which place substantial responsibility
on the Company's licensors for research and clinical development of its products
and technologies.
In particular, the Company is dependent upon the TJU License as the basis of its
proprietary AC Vaccine technology and is dependent upon a sponsored research
agreement with TJU for research and development efforts in connection therewith.
Pursuant to the TJU License, the Company is obligated to pay an up-front license
fee, to use due diligence in developing and bringing products to market and to
make certain payments upon the achievement of certain milestones. The Company is
also obligated to make royalty payments on the sales, if any, of products
resulting from such licensed technology and, is responsible for the costs of
filing and prosecuting patent applications and maintaining issued patents. In
addition, the Company is required to invest a minimum amount per year in the AC
Vaccine technology as well as sponsored research at TJU. The Company is
similarly dependent upon the Rutgers License and Texas A&M License for certain
of its technology, and has financial and other obligations thereunder (and under
its related sponsored research agreements with each of Rutgers and Texas A&M)
which are similar to those under the TJU agreements.
As the Company currently does not have laboratory facilities, the Company's
research and development activities are intended to be conducted by universities
or other institutions pursuant to sponsored research agreements. The sponsored
research agreement entered into by the Company, TJU and Dr. Berd generally
requires periodic payments by the Company to TJU on a quarterly basis. There are
similar types of obligations under the Rutgers License and Texas A&M License.
If the Company does not meet its financial and other obligations in a timely
manner under its license agreements or related sponsored research agreements,
the Company could lose the rights to its proprietary technology or the right to
have its licensors and others conduct its research and development efforts, any
of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
UNCERTAINTY REGARDING PATENTS AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The biotechnology industry places considerable importance on obtaining patent
and trade secret protection for new technologies, products and processes. The
success of the Company will depend in substantial part on its ability, on the
ability of its current licensors and on the ability of its potential future
licensors, if any, to obtain patents, defend such patents, maintain trade
secrets and operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others,
both in the United States and in foreign countries. The patent position of firms
relying upon biotechnology is highly uncertain and involves complex legal and
factual questions. To date there has emerged no consistent policy regarding the
breadth of claims allowed in biotechnology patents or the degree of protection
afforded under such patents.
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More specifically, the Company relies on TJU's issued patent for the AC Vaccine
technology and may rely on certain United States patents and pending patent
applications, as well as a pending foreign Patent Cooperation Treaty ("PCT")
application, relating to various aspects of its present and future products and
processes. The patent application and issuance process can be expected to take
several years and could entail considerable expense to the Company, as it may be
responsible for such costs under the terms of any technology agreements. There
can be no assurance that patents will issue as a result of any applications or
that the existing patents and any patents resulting from such applications, will
be sufficiently broad to afford protection against competitors with similar
technology. In addition, there can be no assurance that such patents will not be
challenged, invalidated, circumvented, or that the rights granted thereunder
will provide competitive advantages to the Company. The commercial success of
the Company will also depend upon avoiding infringement of patents issued to
competitors. A United States patent application is maintained under conditions
of confidentiality while the application is pending, so the Company cannot
determine the inventions being claimed in pending patent applications filed by
third parties. As a result, the Company cannot be certain that its scientists
were the first to make inventions covered by its patents and patent
applications.
In the event a third party has also filed a patent application relating to an
invention claimed in a Company patent application, the Company or its licensor
may be required to participate in an interference proceeding in the United
States Patent and Trademark Office to determine priority of the invention, which
could result in substantial uncertainties and cost for the Company, even if the
eventual outcome is favorable to the Company. An adverse outcome could subject
the Company to significant liabilities to third parties and require the Company
to license disputed rights from third parties at an undeterminable cost or to
cease using the technology. There can be no assurance that the validity or
enforceability of the Company's patents, if issued, would be upheld by a court.
While no patent that could be potentially infringed by manufacture, use or sale
of the Company's product candidates has come to the attention of the Company,
the Company's product candidates are still in the development stage, and neither
their formulations nor their method of manufacture have been finalized. Thus,
there can be no assurance that the manufacture, use or sale of the Company's
product candidates will not infringe patent rights of others. The Company may be
unable to avoid infringement of any such patents and may have to seek a license,
defend an infringement action, or challenge the validity of the patents in
court. There can be no assurance that a license will be available to the
Company, if at all, upon terms and conditions acceptable to the Company or that
the Company will prevail in any patent litigation. Litigation may be necessary
to defend or enforce the Company's patent and license rights or to determine the
scope and validity of others' proprietary rights. Defense and enforcement of
patent claims can be expensive and time consuming, even in those instances in
which the outcome is favorable to the Company, and can result in the diversion
of substantial resources from the Company's other activities. There can be no
assurance that the Company will have sufficient resources to pursue such
litigation. If the Company does not obtain a license under any such patents, is
found liable for infringement, or is not able to have them declared invalid, the
Company may be liable for significant money damages, may encounter significant
delays in bringing products to market, or may be precluded from participating in
the manufacture, use or sale of products or methods of treatment covered by such
patents, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, results of operation and financial condition. See "Business--
Proprietary Technology."
In its product development activities, the Company relies substantially on
certain technologies which are not patentable or proprietary and are therefore
available to the Company's competitors. The Company also relies on certain
proprietary trade secrets and know-how which are not patentable. Although the
Company has taken steps to protect its unpatented trade secrets and know-how, in
part through the use of confidentiality agreements with its employees,
consultants and certain of its contractors, there can be no assurance that these
agreements will not be breached, that the Company would have adequate remedies
for any breach or that the Company's trade secrets will not otherwise become
known or be independently developed or discovered by competitors. If the
Company's employees, scientific consultants or collaborators develop inventions
or processes independently that may be applicable to the Company's product
candidates, disputes may arise about ownership of propriety rights to those
inventions and processes. Such inventions and processes will not necessarily
become the Company's property, but may remain the property of those persons or
their employers. Protracted and costly litigation could be necessary to enforce
and determine the scope of the Company's proprietary rights. Failure to obtain
or maintain patent and trade secret protection, for any reason, could have a
material adverse effect on the Company. Certain of the Company's patents are
directed to inventions developed within academic institutions (from which the
Company earlier acquired rights to such patents) with funds from United States
government agencies. As a result of these arrangements, the
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United States government may have rights in certain inventions developed during
the course of the performance of federally funded projects as required by law or
agreements with the funding agency. Several bills affecting patent rights have
been introduced in the United States Congress. These bills address various
aspects of patent law, including publication, patent term, re-examination,
subject matter and enforceability. It is not certain whether any of these bills
will be enacted into law or what form new laws may take. Accordingly, the effect
of legislative change on the Company's intellectual property rights is
uncertain.
CONDUCTING BUSINESS ABROAD
To the extent the Company conducts business outside the United States, it
intends to do so through licenses, joint ventures or other contractual
arrangements for the development, manufacturing and marketing of its products.
No assurance can be given that the Company will be able to establish foreign
operations successfully through such a plan, that the foreign PCT application
will be approved, that the foreign PCT coverage will be available or that the
manufacturing and marketing of its products through such licenses, joint
ventures other arrangements will be commercially successful. The Company might
also have greater difficulty obtaining proprietary protection for its products
and technologies outside the United States and enforcing its rights in foreign
courts.
For clinical investigation and marketing outside the United States, the Company
also is subject to foreign regulatory requirements governing human clinical
trials and marketing approval for drugs. The requirements governing the conduct
of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary widely for
European countries both within and outside the European Community ("EC").
Outside the United States, the Company's ability to market a product is
contingent upon receiving a marketing authorization from the appropriate
regulatory authority. At present, foreign marketing authorizations are applied
for at a national level, although with the EC certain registration procedures
are available to companies wishing to market their products in more than one EC
member state. If the regulatory authority is satisfied that adequate evidence of
safety, quality and efficacy has been presented, a marketing authorization will
be granted. The system for obtaining marketing authorizations within the EC
registration system is a dual one in which certain products, such as
biotechnology and high technology products and those containing new active
substances, will have access to a central regulatory system that provides
registration throughout the entire EC. Other products will be registered by
national authorities in individual EC member states, operating on a principle of
mutual recognition. This foreign regulatory approval process includes, at least,
all of the risks associated with FDA approval set forth above. The Company could
possibly have greater difficulty in obtaining any such approvals and also might
find it more difficult to protect its intellectual property abroad.
DEPENDENCE UPON KEY PERSONNEL AND CONSULTANTS
The Company will be highly dependent upon its officers and directors, as well as
its Scientific Advisory Board members, consultants and collaborating scientists.
Except for its six full-time employees, each of the Company's officers,
directors, advisors and consultants devotes only a portion of his or her time to
the Company's business and for the most part are involved with other
substantially full-time activities. The loss of certain of these individuals,
including, without limitation, Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D., the Company's President
and Chief Executive Officer, could have a material adverse effect on the Company
unless the Company could promptly hire qualified replacements. The Company
maintains a key-man life insurance policy on Dr. Jonas in the amount of only $3
million. In addition, several of the Company's full-time employees, officers and
consultants have only recently joined the Company. Although the Company has
entered into letters of employment with its full-time employees, officers and
consultants, such letters of employment do not contain provisions which would
prevent any of them from resigning at any time. See "Management".
Competition for qualified employees among pharmaceutical and biotechnology
companies is intense, and the loss of any of such persons, or an inability to
attract, retain and motivate any additional highly skilled employees required
for the expansion of the Company's activities, could have a material adverse
effect on the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able
to retain its existing personnel or to attract additional qualified employees
and such failure likely would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
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LACK OF MANUFACTURING FACILITIES
In order to successfully commercialize its product candidates, the Company must
be able to manufacture its products in commercial quantities, in compliance with
regulatory requirements, at acceptable costs and in a timely manner. The
manufacture of the types of biopharmaceutical products that are likely to be
developed by the Company present several risks and difficulties. For example,
the manufacture of M-Vax(TM) and other compounds the Company may develop for use
in the Company's current and future products and technologies is complex, can be
difficult to accomplish even in small quantities, can be difficult to scale-up
when large scale production is required and can be subject to delays,
inefficiencies and poor or low yields of quality products. The Company may also
be subject to risks relating to the expense, or unavailability of, products and
compounds manufactured or sold by third parties which are required for use on a
comparative basis in clinical trials and studies for the Company's products.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to procure such products
and compounds at an acceptable cost or in sufficient quantities without delays
or other adverse effects upon the Company's development programs.
The Company does not currently have any manufacturing facilities. Accordingly,
the Company expects to expand its manufacturing staff and facilities and to
establish such a facility or facilities or to contract with third parties to
assist it with production. There can be no assurance that the Company will be
able to obtain from third party manufacturers adequate supplies in a timely
fashion for commercialization, or that commercial quantities of any such
products, if approved for marketing, will be available from contract
manufacturers at acceptable costs. In the event the Company decides to establish
a full-scale commercial manufacturing facility, the Company will require
substantial additional funds and will be required to hire and train significant
numbers of employees and comply with the extensive regulations applicable to
such a facility. There is no assurance that AVAX will be able to develop a
current Good Manufacturing Practices ("cGMP") manufacturing facility sufficient
for all clinical trials or commercial-scale manufacturing. The cost of
manufacturing certain products may make them prohibitively expensive. In
addition, in order to successfully commercialize its product candidates, the
Company may be required to reduce the cost of production, and there can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to do so. See "Business--Manufacturing
and Marketing."
COMPETITION
The Company's proposed cancer immunotherapy business is characterized by
intensive research efforts and intense competition. Many companies, research
institutes, hospitals and universities are working to develop products and
processes in the Company's fields of research. Most of these entities have
substantially greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing,
distribution and other resources than the Company and include, among others,
Schering Plough Corporation, Chiron Corporation, Bristol-Myers Squibb and
Johnson & Johnson. Certain of such companies have experience in undertaking
testing and clinical trials of new or improved products similar in nature to
that which the Company is developing. In addition, certain competitors have
already begun testing similar compounds or processes and may introduce such
products or processes before the Company. Accordingly, other companies may
succeed in developing products earlier than the Company or that are more
effective than those proposed to be developed by the Company. Further, it is
expected that competition in the Company's field will intensify. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully in the future.
See "Business--Competition."
RISK OF PRODUCT LIABILITY
Should the Company develop and market any products, the marketing of such
products, through third-party arrangements or otherwise, may expose the Company
to product liability claims. Though the Company presently carries product
liability insurance, there can be no assurance that such insurance will protect
the Company against all claims of product liability. The Company may be required
to indemnify its licensor against certain product liability claims incurred as a
result of the products developed by the Company. The Company's licensors have
not made, and are not expected to make, any representations as to the safety or
efficacy of the inventions covered by the license or as to any products which
may be made or used under rights granted therein or thereunder. In addition, it
is possible that license and collaborative agreements which the Company may
enter into in the future may also include similar insurance requirements. There
can be no assurance that
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in the future adequate insurance coverage will be available in sufficient
amounts or at a reasonable cost, or that a product liability claim or recall
would not have a material adverse effect on the Company.
UNCERTAINTY OF PRODUCT PRICING AND REIMBURSEMENT; HEALTH CARE REFORM AND RELATED
MEASURES
The levels of revenues and profitability of pharmaceutical and/or biotechnology
products and companies may be affected by efforts of governmental and third
party payors to contain or reduce the costs of health care through various
means. For example, in certain foreign markets, pricing or profitability of
prescription pharmaceuticals is subject to government control. In the United
States there have been, and the Company expects that there will continue to be,
a number of federal and state proposals to implement similar government control.
Presently, the United States Congress is considering a number of legislative and
regulatory reforms that may affect companies engaged in the health care industry
in the United States. Pricing constraints on the Company's products, if
approved, could have a material adverse effect on the Company. Although the
Company cannot predict whether these proposals will be adopted or what effects
such proposals may have on its business, the existence and pendency of such
proposals could have a material adverse effect on the Company in general. In
addition, the Company's ability to commercialize potential pharmaceutical and/or
biotechnology products may be adversely affected to the extent that such
proposals have a material adverse effect on other companies that are prospective
collaborators with respect to any of the Company's product candidates.
In addition, in the United States and elsewhere, sales of medical products and
services are dependent in part on the availability of reimbursement to the
consumer from third party payors, such as government and private insurance
plans. Third party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for
medical products and services. If the Company succeeds in bringing one or more
products to the market, there can be no assurance that these products will be
considered cost effective and that reimbursement to the consumer will be
available or will be sufficient to allow the Company to sell their products on a
competitive basis. See "Risk Factors--Government Regulation; No Assurance of
Product Approval."
NO ASSURANCE OF IDENTIFICATION OF ADDITIONAL PROJECTS; CERTAIN INTERLOCKING
RELATIONSHIPS; POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The Company initially intends to be engaged primarily in the development and
commercialization of the AC Vaccine technology, as well as the potential
anti-cancer and anti-infective technology licensed pursuant to the Rutgers
License and the potential anti-cancer technology licensed pursuant to the Texas
A&M License. See "Business." From time to time, if and when the Company's
resources allow, the Company may explore the acquisition and subsequent
development and commercialization of additional biomedical and pharmaceutical
products and technologies. However, there can be no assurance that the Company
will be able to identify any additional products or technologies and, even if
suitable products or technologies are identified, there can be no assurance that
the Company will have sufficient resources to pursue any such products or
technologies in the foreseeable future.
Certain of the directors of the Company are officers of Paramount Capital
Investments, LLC. See "Management." Paramount Capital Investments, LLC, is a
merchant bank specializing in biotechnology companies. In the regular course of
its business, Paramount Capital Investments, LLC, identifies, evaluates and
pursues investment opportunities in biomedical and pharmaceutical products,
technologies and companies. Generally, Delaware corporate law requires that any
transactions between the Company and any of its affiliates be on terms that,
when taken as a whole, are substantially as favorable to the Company as those
then reasonably obtainable from a person who is not an affiliate in an
arms-length transaction. Nevertheless, neither Paramount Capital Investments,
LLC, nor any other person is obligated pursuant to any agreement or
understanding with the Company to make any additional products or technologies
available to the Company, and there can be no assurance, and purchasers of the
Common Stock should not expect, that any biomedical or pharmaceutical product or
technology identified by Paramount Capital Investments, LLC, or any other person
in the future will be made available to the Company. In addition, certain of the
officers, directors, consultants and advisors to the Company may from time to
time serve as officers, directors, consultants or advisors to other
biopharmaceutical or biotechnology companies. There can be no assurance that
such other companies will not in the future have interests in conflict with
those of the Company.
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CONTROL BY CURRENT OFFICERS, DIRECTORS AND PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
The Company's directors, executive officers and principal stockholders
beneficially own approximately 41% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.
Accordingly, the Company's executive officers, directors, principal stockholders
and certain of their affiliates have the ability to exert substantial influence
over the election of the Company's Board of Directors and the outcome of issues
submitted to the Company's stockholders. See "Principal Stockholders."
VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE
The market price of the Common Stock like that of many other development-stage
public pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies, may be highly volatile.
Factors such as announcements of technological innovations or new commercial
products by the Company or its competitors, disclosure of results of preclinical
and clinical testing, adverse reactions to products, governmental regulation and
approvals, developments in patent or other proprietary rights, public or
regulatory agency concerns as to the safety of any products developed by the
Company and general conditions may have a significant or adverse effect on the
market price of the Common Stock. Also, the trading price of the Common Stock
may respond to quarterly variations in operating results, announcements of
innovations or new products by the Company or its competitors and other events
or factors, including, but not limited to, the sale or attempted sale of a large
amount of such securities into the market. In addition, market fluctuations may
adversely affect the market prices of such securities. See "Description of
Securities."
POTENTIAL ADVERSE EFFECT OF SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
As of August 14, 1997, 3,563,874 shares of Common Stock were issued and
outstanding of which the Company believes that 2,172,095 shares of Common Stock
are "restricted securities" and under certain circumstances may, in the future,
be sold in compliance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act, unless they are
held by "affiliates" of the Company as that term is used under the Securities
Act. Assuming the availability of Rule 144, including the requirement that there
is adequate current public information with respect to the Company as
contemplated by Rule 144, the Company believes that of the 2,172,095
"restricted" shares of Common Stock, approximately 1,175,748 shares of Common
Stock are presently eligible for sale and an additional (i) approximately
567,421 shares of Common Stock will be eligible for sale in the latter part of
1997 and (ii) approximately 1,132,545 shares of Common Stock will be eligible in
1998, in each case pursuant to Rule 144 and subject to certain volume
limitations and manner of sale requirements imposed by Rule 144. In general,
under Rule 144 as currently in effect, subject to the satisfaction of certain
other conditions, a person, including an affiliate of the Company, who
beneficially owned restricted shares of Common Stock for at least one year is
entitled to sell, within any three-month period, a number of shares that does
not exceed the greater of one percent of the total number of outstanding shares
of the same class, or if the Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq National
Market or Nasdaq SmallCap Market, any other national securities exchange or the
OTC Bulletin Board, the average weekly trading volume during the four calendar
weeks immediately preceding the sale. A person who presently is not and who has
not been an affiliate of the Company for at least three months immediately
preceding the sale and who has beneficially owned the shares of Common Stock for
at least two years is entitled to sell such shares under Rule 144(k) without
regard to the volume limitations described above.
In addition, the Company has issued and outstanding or issuable warrants and
options to purchase an aggregate of 1,935,213 shares of Common Stock (excluding
shares of Common Stock underlying Series B Placement Warrants and Bridge
Placement Warrants that are being registered in this Offering). Any employee,
officer or director of the Company who acquired his or her shares prior to the
effective date of the Registration Statement at a time when the Company was not
subject the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") or who holds vested options as of the
effective date of the Registration Statement, pursuant to a written compensatory
plan or contract is entitled to rely on the resale provisions of Rule 701. Rule
701 permits non-affiliates to sell their Rule 701 shares without having to
comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation or notice
provisions of Rule 144 and permits affiliates to sell their Rule 701 shares
without having to comply with Rule 144's holding period restrictions, in each
case commencing 90 days after the effective date of the Registration Statement.
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No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that sales of shares of
Common Stock or the availability of such shares for sale will have on the market
prices that may be quoted from time to time on the OTC Bulletin Board, or the
Nasdaq SmallCap Market when quoted thereon. Nevertheless, the possibility that
substantial amounts of Common Stock may be sold in the public market may
adversely effect the prevailing market prices for the Common Stock and could
impair the Company's ability to raise capital in the future through the sale of
equity securities. Actual sales of Common Stock under Rule 144 or otherwise may
also have a depressive effect upon the price of the Common Stock and the market
therefor.
LIMITED PUBLIC MARKET; POSSIBLE VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE
The Company has been granted approval for initial listing and quotation of the
Common Stock on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. Prior to this Offering, the public
market for the Common Stock has been limited to shares eligible for trading
under Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act on the OTC Bulletin Board. There can
be no assurance that an active trading market will develop or be sustained after
the Offering. The absence of an active trading market would reduce the liquidity
of an investment in the Common Stock. To the extent that brokerage firms act as
market makers, they may be a dominating influence in any market that might
develop, and the degree of participation by such firms may significantly affect
the price and liquidity of the Common Stock. These firms may discontinue such
activities at any time or from time to time. The prices at which the Common
Stock may be offered in the market will be determined by these firms and the
purchasers and sellers of the Common Stock, based in part on market factors, and
may not necessarily relate to the Company's assets, book value, results of
operations or other established and quantifiable criteria of value. The trading
price of the Common Stock, including, without limitation, any Common Stock to be
offered by the Selling Shareholders, could be subject to wide fluctuations in
response to quarterly variations in operating results, announcements of
technological innovations or new products by the Company or its competitors and
other events or factors. In addition, the stock market has experienced
volatility that has particularly affected the market prices of equity securities
of many biotechnology companies and that often has been unrelated to the
operating performance of such companies. These broad market fluctuations may
affect adversely the market price of the Common Stock. See "Plan of
Distribution."
UNCERTAINTY OF LISTING ON NASDAQ SMALLCAP MARKET; MARKET ILLIQUIDITY
Although the Common Stock was approved for initial listing and quotation on the
Nasdaq SmallCap Market based upon such market's existing initial listing
criteria, such market has recently proposed stricter initial listing criteria,
which the Company will be required to meet if and when such criteria are
approved by the Commission. As proposed, such criteria would require that: (i)
the Company have net tangible assets of $4,000,000, more than $750,000 in net
income in two of the last three years or a market capitalization of at least $50
million; (ii) the public float of the Common Stock have a market value of at
least $5,000,000 and a public float of at least 1,000,000 shares; (iii) the
minimum bid price for the Common Stock be at least $4.00 per share; (iv) the
Common Stock have at least three market makers and be held of record by at least
300 shareholders; (v) the Company have at least a one year operating history or
a market capitalization of $50 million if its operating history is less than one
year and (vi) the Company adhere to certain corporate governance provisions.
Although the Company believes that it currently meets such initial listing
criteria, there can be no assurance that such requirements will be satisfied at
the time of their approval, if any, by the Commission.
Continued inclusion of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market pursuant
to recently proposed stricter standards requires that: (i) the Company have net
tangible assets of $2,000,000, or a market capitalization of $35 million or
more, or net income in two of the three most recent fiscal years of at least
$500,000; (ii) the Company's public float have a market value of at least $1
million and a public float of at least 500,000 shares; (iii) the minimum bid
price for the Common Stock be at least $1.00 per share; (iv) the Common Stock
have at least two active market makers and be held of record by at least 300
shareholders and (v) the Company adhere to certain corporate governance
provisions. There can be no assurance that the Company and the Common Stock will
satisfy the requirements for maintaining a listing on the Nasdaq SmallCap
Market.
If the Company is unable to satisfy the initial or continuing maintenance
requirements as they may be in effect or applied from time to time, the Common
Stock may be delisted from the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. In such event, trading,
if any, in the Common Stock would thereafter probably be conducted on the OTC
Bulletin Board or in the over-the-counter market in the "pink sheets," and the
Company would be required to comply with the Nasdaq SmallCap Market's initial
listing
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criteria in order to have the Common Stock approved for listing and quotation
thereon. Consequently, the liquidity of the Common Stock could be impaired
materially and adversely, not only in the number of securities that can be
bought and sold at a given price, but also through delays in the timing of
transactions and reduction in security analysts' and media coverage of the
Company, which could result in lower prices for the Common Stock than might
otherwise be attained and could also result in a larger spread between the bid
and asked prices for the Common Stock. See "Risks of Low Price Stock; Possible
Effect of "Penny Stock" Rules on Liquidity for the Common Stock."
RISKS OF LOW-PRICED STOCK; POSSIBLE EFFECT OF "PENNY STOCK" RULES ON LIQUIDITY
FOR THE COMMON STOCK
The Exchange Act requires additional disclosure relating to the market for penny
stocks in connection with trades in any stock defined as a penny stock. The
Commission's regulations generally define a penny stock to be any equity
security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to
certain exceptions. Such exceptions include any equity security listed on the
Nasdaq SmallCap Market, subject to certain trade reporting requirements, and any
equity security issued by an issuer that has (i) net tangible assets of at least
$2 million, if such issuer has been in continuous operation for three years,
(ii) net tangible assets of at least $5 million, if such issuer has been in
continuous operation for less than three years, or (iii) average annual revenue
of at least $6 million, if such issuer has been in continuous operation for less
than three years. Though the Company believes that it currently meets the net
tangible assets test, there can be no assurance that the Company will meet the
requirements of the foregoing financial exceptions. Thus, if the price per share
of the Common Stock were to be less than $5.00 per share and the Company was
unable to continue to meet the requirements for listing on the Nasdaq SmallCap
Market, failure to qualify under one of the foregoing exceptions would require
delivery, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, of a disclosure schedule
prepared by the Commission relating to the penny stock market. Disclosure is
also required to be made about sales commissions payable to both the
broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the
securities. Finally, monthly statements are required to be sent disclosing
recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information
on the limited market in penny stocks. In any event, even if the Common Stock
were exempt from such restrictions, they would remain subject to Section
15(b)(6) of the Exchange Act, which gives the Commission the authority to
prohibit any person that engages in unlawful conduct while participating in a
distribution of penny stock from associating with a broker-dealer or
participating in a distribution of penny stock, if the Commission finds that
such a restriction would be in the public interest. Accordingly, if the Common
Stock is subject to the rules on penny stocks, the market liquidity for such
securities could be materially and adversely affected.
In addition, if the Common Stock fails to meet the minimum market price, the net
tangible asset or the annual revenue tests set forth above, but is quoted on the
OTC Bulletin Board (as to which there can be no assurance), then trading in the
Common Stock would be regulated pursuant to Rules 15-g-1 through 15-g-6 and
15-g-9 promulgated under the Exchange Act for non-National Association of
Securities Dealers Automotive Quotation System and non-exchange listed
securities. Under such rules, broker-dealers who recommend such securities to
persons other than established customers and "accredited investors" must make a
special written suitability determination that the penny stock is a suitable
investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser's written agreement to
this transaction. Securities are exempt from these rules if the market price of
the Common Stock is at least $5.00 per share. Consequently, such Exchange Act
rules may affect the ability of broker-dealers to make a market in such shares
and may affect the ability of holders of Common Stock to sell in the secondary
market.
ANTITAKEOVER EFFECTS OF PROVISIONS OF THE CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND
DELAWARE LAW
The Company's Articles of Incorporation, as amended, authorize the issuance of
up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share, of which
300,000 shares are authorized for issuance as shares of Series B Preferred
Stock, of which approximately 269,119 are issued and outstanding as Series B
Preferred Stock or reserved for issuance upon the exercise of Series B Placement
Warrants. The Company's Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of
"blank check" preferred stock with such designation, rights and preferences as
may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. Accordingly, the
Board of Directors is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue a new
series of preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or
other rights which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of
the holders of the Common Stock. In the event of issuance, the new series of
preferred stock could be utilized, under certain circumstances, as a method of
discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of the
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Company. Although the Company has no present intention to issue any additional
shares of its preferred stock, other than those already authorized for issuance
upon exercise of the Placement Warrants, there can be no assurance that the
Company will not do so in the future. See "Description of Securities."
The Company is subject to Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware which, subject to certain exceptions, prohibits a Delaware
corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested
stockholder for a period of three years following the date that such stockholder
became an interested stockholder. In general, Section 203 defines an interested
stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the
outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated
with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person. The foregoing
provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender
offers for the Company's shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit
fluctuations in the market price of the Company's shares that could result from
actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions also may have the effect of
preventing changes in the management of the Company.
POTENTIAL CONVERSION PRICE RESET OF SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK
In May and June 1996, the Company consummated an offering of units consisting of
shares of Series B Preferred Stock and Common Stock. The 259,198 shares of
Series B Preferred Stock sold in such offering were convertible at the option of
the holders thereof into shares of Common Stock, at an initial conversion rate
of 25 shares of Common Stock per share of Series B Preferred Stock,
corresponding to a conversion price equal to $4.00 per share (the "Initial
Conversion Price"). As of June 11, 1997, 13,250 shares of Series B Preferred
Stock had been converted to Common Stock. The Initial Conversion Price was
adjusted effective June 11, 1997, because the average closing bid price of the
Common Stock for the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding such date
was less than $5.40. The average was, in fact, $5.175 per share. Accordingly,
the conversion price was adjusted to $3.83 per share, which corresponds to a new
conversion rate of 26.0875 shares of Common Stock per share of Series B
Preferred Stock. The conversion price (and, consequently the number of shares of
Common Stock issuable upon conversion) is subject to further adjustment upon the
occurrence of certain events. See "Description of Securities--Conversion." Any
such reset of the conversion price applicable to the Series B Preferred Stock
would result in the issuance of additional shares of Common Stock upon
conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock, and would have a dilutive effect on
purchasers of the Common Stock offered hereby.
In addition, in consideration for their agreement to extend the "lock-up"
provisions described below which are applicable to the shares of Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock, certain holders of
shares of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to be issued additional shares
of Common Stock upon the happening of certain events. See "Description of
Securities--Lock-Up." The occurrence of such an event and the issuance of the
additional shares of Common Stock would have a dilutive effect on purchasers of
the Common Stock offered hereby.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
When used in this Prospectus, the words "estimate", "project", "intend",
"forecast", "anticipate" and similar expressions are intended to identify
forward-looking statements. In addition, certain other statements set forth in
this Prospectus, including, without limitation, the Company's research and
development programs, the possible filing of INDs or NDAs for M-Vax(TM) or any
other products the Company may develop, the seeking of joint development or
licensing arrangements with pharmaceutical companies, the research and
development of particular compounds and technologies for particular indications
and the period of time for which the Company's existing resources will enable
the Company to fund its operations and to meet the continuing listing
requirements for the quotation of its securities on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market
and the possibility of contracting with other parties additional licenses to
develop, manufacture and market commercially viable products, are
forward-looking and based upon the Company's current belief as to the outcome,
occurrence and timing of future events or current expectations and plans. All
such statements involve significant risks and uncertainties. Many important
factors affect the Company's ability to achieve the stated outcomes and to
successfully develop and commercialize its product candidates, including, among
other things, the ability to obtain substantial additional funds, obtain and
maintain all necessary patents or licenses, to demonstrate the safety and
efficacy of product candidates at each state of development, to meet applicable
regulatory standards and receive required regulatory approvals, to meet
obligations and
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required milestones under its license agreements, to be capable of producing
drug candidates in commercial quantities at reasonable costs, to compete
successfully against other products and to market products in a profitable
manner. Although the Company believes that its assumptions underlying the
forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove
inaccurate and, therefore, there also can be no assurance that these statements
included in the Prospectus will prove to be accurate. In light of the
significant uncertainties inherent in these statements included herein, the
inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by the
Company or any other person that the objectives and plans of the Company will be
achieved; in fact, actual results could differ materially from those
contemplated by such forward-looking statements. AVAX does not undertake any
obligation to publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements
or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
NO DIVIDENDS
The Company has never paid cash dividends on its capital stock and does not
anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. See "Dividend
Policy."
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USE OF PROCEEDS
The Company will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Common
Stock. The Company is not expected to receive any proceeds from the exercise of
the Placement Warrants since the Placement Warrants may be exercised pursuant to
a cashless exercise provision. In the event that the Placement Warrants are
exercised for cash, the Company intends to use such net cash proceeds (after
estimated offering expenses of this Offering of approximately $300,000) for
general working capital purposes. Proceeds, if any, from the exercise for cash
of all the Placement Warrants, before deduction of estimated expenses of this
Offering, would be approximately $160,000. Whether, how and to what extent any
of the Placement Warrants will be exercised, and whether the Placement Warrants
are exercised for cash or not, cannot be predicted by the Company.
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The Common Stock was publicly traded on the OTC Bulletin Board from December 19,
1996 through July 9, 1997. Since July 10, 1997, the Common Stock has been listed
for quotation on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market.. The following table sets forth,
for the periods indicated, the high and low closing bid prices for the Common
Stock, as reported by the National Quotation Bureau, for the quarters presented.
The prices set forth below represent inter-dealer quotations, without adjustment
for markups, markdowns and commissions and may not be reflective of actual
transactions.
High Low
---- ---
Fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
First quarter $6 3/4 $5 1/2
Second quarter 5 7/8 4 1/4
Third quarter (through August 12, 1997) 5 3/8 4 3/8
Fiscal year ended December 31, 1996
Fourth quarter 6 5 3/4
The last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market
on August 12, 1997, was $4 27/32 per share. At August 14, 1997, there were
3,563,874 shares of Common Stock outstanding, which were held by approximately
450 shareholders of record.
DIVIDEND POLICY
The Company has not paid any cash dividends on its Common Stock since its
formation. The payment of dividends, if any, in the future, with respect to the
Common Stock, is within the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company
and will depend on the Company's earnings, capital requirements, financial
condition and other relevant factors. The Board of Directors of the Company does
not presently intend to declare any dividends on the Common Stock in the
foreseeable future. The Company anticipates that all earnings and other
resources of the Company, if any, will be retained by the Company for investment
in its business.
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CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth the capitalization of the Company as of June 30,
1997. This table should be read in conjunction with the Company's financial
statements, and the related notes thereto. See "Financial Statements."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Stockholders' equity December 31, 1996 June 30, 1997
----------------- -------------
(Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C>
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value:
Authorized Shares - 5,000,000, including Series B
convertible preferred stock-
300,000 shares
Issued and outstanding shares - 244,948
(liquidation preference - $34,991,730) 2,592 2,449
Common Stock, $.004 par value:
Authorized shares - 50,000,000
Issued and outstanding shares - 3,518,250 12,445 14,073
Additional paid-in capital 24,002,882 24,001,321
Subscription receivable (4,026) (2,280)
Deferred compensation (963,424) (828,874)
Unrealized loss on marketable securities (2,037) --
Deficit accumulated during the developmental stage (3,254,022) (5,352,323)
----------- -----------
Total stockholders' equity $19,794,410 $17,834,366
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND PLAN OF OPERATIONS
GENERAL
Since its inception, the Company has concentrated its efforts and resources in
the development and commercialization of biotechnology and pharmaceutical
products and technologies. The Company has been unprofitable since its founding
and has incurred a cumulative net loss of approximately $5,352,323 as of June
30, 1997. The Company expects to incur significantly increasing operating losses
over the next several years, primarily due to the expansion of its research and
development programs, including clinical trials for M-Vax(TM), and other
preclinical studies and clinical trials for other products that may arise from
the AC Vaccine technology and from the compounds licensed from Rutgers and Texas
A&M and other products that it may acquire or develop.
The Company's ability to achieve profitability depends upon, among other things,
its ability to develop products, obtain regulatory approval for its proposed
products, and enter into agreements for product development, manufacturing and
commercialization. The Company's M-Vax(TM) product does not currently generate
revenue and the Company does not expect to achieve revenues from this or other
products for the foreseeable future. Moreover, there can be no assurance that
the Company will ever achieve significant revenues or profitable operations from
the sale of M-Vax(TM) or any other products that it may develop.
PLAN OF OPERATION
The Company is currently engaged in the development and commercialization of
biotechnology and pharmaceutical products and technologies. In November 1995,
the Company acquired the rights to the AC Vaccine technology pursuant to the TJU
License. The Company initially intends to be engaged primarily in the
development and commercialization of the AC Vaccine technology, as well as the
potential anti-cancer and anti-infective technology licensed pursuant to the
Rutgers License and the potential anti-cancer technology licensed pursuant to
the Texas A&M License. See "Business." The Company anticipates that during the
next 12 months it will conduct substantial research and development of the AC
Vaccine technology, including, without limitation, Phase III clinical trials on
M-Vax(TM), the Company's lead AC Vaccine technology for metastatic melanoma. The
Company also anticipates that it will expend substantial resources on the
research and development of that same technology for the treatment of other
cancers, which may include ovarian, breast, prostate, lung and colorectal cancer
and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). For example, the Company is enrolling
patients for its Phase II clinical trial of O-Vax(TM), its AC Vaccine for
ovarian cancer. This trial is being conducted at TJU under the direction of Dr.
David Berd. It is also expected that during the next 12 months, in order to
support these clinical trial efforts, the Company will be required to expend
substantial resources on the establishment of laboratory facilities for the
manufacture of its products. See "Business--Technology Applications and Product
Candidates," "Research and Development" and "Manufacturing and Marketing."
In connection with the Company's strategy to acquire, develop and commercialize
other potential biotechnology products and technologies, in December 1996, the
Company acquired the exclusive worldwide rights to a series of compounds for the
potential treatment of cancer and other infectious diseases from Rutgers.
Additionally, in February 1997, the Company acquired the exclusive worldwide
rights to another series of compounds for the potential treatment of cancer from
Texas A&M. Pursuant to the Rutgers License, the Texas A&M License, and the
related sponsored research agreements with each of Rutgers and Texas A&M, the
Company intends to expend substantial resources on the research and development
of these compounds.
While there can be no assurance, the Company may acquire additional products and
technologies during the next 12 months, which may or may not be in the cancer
immunotherapy field. Should the Company acquire such additional products or
technologies, it is anticipated that such additional products or technologies
will require substantial resources for research, development and clinical
evaluation. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to
obtain the additional financing necessary to acquire and develop such additional
products and technologies. In addition, there can be no assurance, that changes
in the Company's research and development plans or other changes which would or
could alter
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the Company's operating expenses will not require the Company to reallocate
funds among its planned activities and curtail certain planned expenditures. In
such event, the Company may need additional financing. There can be no assurance
as to the availability or the terms of any required additional financing, when
and if needed. In the event that the Company fails to raise any funds it
requires, it may be necessary for the Company to significantly curtail its
activities or cease operations.
During the past 12 months, the Company hired four new employees and it
anticipates that over the next 12 months it may hire additional new employees,
and may establish facilities for the clinical development and manufacture of the
AC Vaccine products or any other technologies which may have been, or may be,
acquired. The timing and cost of hiring any additional employees or the
establishment of any such facility may vary depending on need and cannot
currently be predicted with any certainty.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company currently anticipates that its current resources should be
sufficient to fund operations for approximately the next 18-30 months based upon
the Company's current operating plan. The Company does not currently expect to
be required to raise additional capital in the next 12 months, although from
time to time, depending upon its anticipated future needs, the Company may avail
itself of opportunities in the capital markets to raise additional capital if
acceptable terms may be obtained. However, since the Company's working capital
requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including, without limitation,
progress of the Company's research and development programs, preclinical and
clinical testing, timing and cost of obtaining regulatory approvals, changes in
levels of resources that the Company devotes to the development of manufacturing
and marketing capabilities, competitive and technological advances, status of
competitors, and the ability of the Company to establish collaborative
arrangements with other organizations, there can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to meets its business objectives under its current
operations plan and/or not need to raise additional capital. Since the Company
has no committed external sources of capital, and expects no product revenues
for the foreseeable future, it will likely require additional financing to fund
future operations. There can be no assurance, however, that the Company will be
able to obtain the additional funds it will require on acceptable terms, if at
all. If adequate funds are not available the Company may be required to delay,
reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of its research or development
programs; to obtain funds through arrangements with collaborative partners or
others that may require the Company to relinquish rights to certain
technologies, product candidates or products that the Company would otherwise
seek to develop or commercialize itself; or to license the rights to such
products on terms that are less favorable to the Company that might otherwise be
available. See "Risk Factors--Accumulated Deficit; Uncertainty of Future
Profitability."
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BUSINESS
GENERAL
AVAX Technologies, Inc. ("AVAX" or the "Company"), is a development stage
biopharmaceutical company which intends to acquire rights to, and to develop,
technologies and products for the treatment of cancer and other life-threatening
diseases. The Company initially intends to focus its efforts primarily on the
development of immunotherapies and chemotherapies for cancer. Immunotherapy is a
rapidly developing segment of the cancer therapeutic market.
The Company has licensed (the "TJU License") from Thomas Jefferson University
("TJU") an issued U.S. patent and certain patent applications covering a process
for the modification of a patient's tumor cells into a cancer vaccine. This
process allows the Company to produce an autologous cell vaccine (an "AC
Vaccine") that attempts to stimulate the patient's immune system to eliminate
the cancer. This technology has emerged from research conducted at TJU and
primarily involves the removal of a patient's own tumor cells, modifying them
with a small molecule known as a hapten, and reintroducing the product back into
the patient. The approach is based on the premise that a patient's immune
response to a strongly immunogenic, hapten-conjugated tumor antigen may be
followed by the development of an immune response to the unmodified tumor
antigen, somewhat analogous to the phenomenon of drug-induced autoimmune
disease.
The Company's initial AC Vaccine, M-Vax(TM), is currently undergoing
physician-sponsored human clinical trials based on an experimental protocol at
TJU as an outpatient, post-surgical, adjunct therapy for the treatment of
melanoma, and is believed by the Company to be the first therapeutic cancer
vaccine to show a substantial increase in the survival rate for patients with
stage 3 melanoma. In such ongoing clinical trials at TJU, over 300 melanoma
patients have been treated post-surgically on an outpatient basis with
M-Vax(TM). In 62 patients with stage 3 melanoma in protocols in which there has
been sufficient time for long-term follow-up, the five-year survival rate is
approximately 60%. This compares with the historical and control group stage 3
survival rate of approximately 20%, and the survival rate for treatment with
high dose alpha interferon of approximately 32% in stage 3 patients whom the
Company believes to be comparable to those treated with M-Vax(TM). The Company
believes that the results to date of the ongoing clinical trial represent the
first substantial increase in survival for stage 3 melanoma patients treated by
immunotherapy. In the over 300 patients treated in studies, the Company believes
that only relatively minor side effects, such as mild transient nausea and
soreness and swelling at the site of the application of the M-Vax(TM) vaccine,
have been witnessed to date.
The Company also believes that the AC Vaccine technology may have applications
in the treatment of other cancers, which may include ovarian, breast, prostate,
lung and colorectal cancers and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The Company
intends to fund the preclinical and initial clinical development of this
technology for at least some of these indications. Accordingly, in addition to
continuing the clinical work on M-Vax(TM), the Company has also entered into a
sponsored research agreement with TJU relating to the development of additional
immunotherapies based on the AC Vaccine technology. For example, the Company is
enrolling patients for its Phase II clinical trial of O-Vax(TM), its AC Vaccine
for ovarian cancer. This trial is being conducted at TJU under the direction of
Dr. David Berd, the inventor of the AC Vaccine technology.
In order to contain costs, the Company may continue to use sponsored research
agreements and contract research organizations to help it develop its
technologies. At the appropriate time the Company may seek corporate partners to
provide the necessary resources and expertise for clinical development and to
market and distribute products. In addition, the Company may seek to explore the
acquisition and subsequent development and commercialization of additional
commercially promising immunotherapy, chemotherapy and adjuvant technologies. No
assurance can be given that the Company will have the requisite resources or
that any such projects will be identified on terms favorable to the Company, if
at all.
In connection with the Company's strategy to acquire, develop and commercialize
other potential biotechnology products and technologies, the Company has
licensed from Rutgers University and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of
New Jersey (collectively, "Rutgers"), certain patent applications relating to a
series of compounds for the potential treatment of cancer and infectious
diseases (the "Rutgers License"), and from The Texas A&M University System
("Texas A&M"), an issued U.S. patent and certain patent applications relating to
a series of compounds for the potential treatment of cancer
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<PAGE>
(the "Texas A&M License"). Pursuant to the Rutgers License and the Texas A&M
License (and under its related sponsored research agreements with each of
Rutgers and Texas A&M), the Company intends to expend substantial resources on
the research and development of these compounds.
BACKGROUND AND SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE OF THE AC VACCINE TECHNOLOGY
Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
which escape the body's protective immune surveillance system, invade healthy
tissues and destroy normal tissue function and ultimately lead to a person's
death if untreated. Cancers, composed of either solid tumors or blood-borne
cancerous cells, over time tend to spread to other tissues and organs in the
body (metastasis). Cancer may be diagnosed at any stage of the disease, from
very early (best prognosis) to very late (worst prognosis). When cancer is
detected early and has not yet metastasized (spread) to other organs and
tissues, surgical removal of the tumor is often effective. Unfortunately, many
cancers are not discovered until metastatic cancer cells from the primary tumor
have already entered the blood or lymphatic system and established new tumors at
distant sites. These cells, and the tumors they form, are difficult to diagnose
and treat with current technology.
As of 1995, approximately 7.4 million people in the United States were diagnosed
as having cancer. The incidence of cancer continues to increase. The cost to the
health care system of treating these patients is believed to exceed
approximately $104 billion. The Company is aware of estimates that deaths from
cancer will surpass cardiovascular mortality worldwide by the end of the
century.
Although some progress has been made, few effective treatments are available for
most adult solid tumors, which often metastasize and invade other organs before
they are detected. The standard treatment for solid tumors is surgery. While
this treatment is effective in many types of cancers, in cases in which removal
of the tumor is incomplete or in which the tumor has metastasized, the patient's
prognosis is poor. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are rather crude
treatments since they kill cells indiscriminately, destroying normal as well as
malignant cells, leading to toxic side-effects and thereby limiting the
usefulness of these therapies. A safe, effective treatment for residual and
metastatic disease is clearly needed. Such a treatment, if effective and safe,
would increase patient survival and may, therefore, be widely adopted.
Although, many different types of drugs are used to treat a variety of cancers,
no one drug has been found to be a cure for the disease. Given the need for new
effective treatments for cancer, a drug which may effectively treat cancer could
have a large market potential. Although there can be no assurance, the Company
believes that an AC Vaccine, developed to effectively treat the recurrence of
cancer after surgery, is likely to have a sizable market share. Surgery, in many
cases is the first treatment performed on cancer patients, and if such a
treatment following surgery were to prove broadly applicable and safe, its
market potential could be significant while enabling the health care system to
realize significant overall cost savings due to a reduction in the number of
cases of recurrent disease requiring hospitalization and ongoing clinical and
home care.
Immunotherapy is an emerging cancer treatment modality that the Company believes
shows promise for utilizing a patient's own immune system to recognize and
eliminate cancer cells. There are a number of different types of immunotherapies
such as cytokines, antibodies, activated cell therapy and vaccines currently
under development by third parties. See "Business--Competition." In all cases,
immunotherapies attempt to modulate the body's immune system to contain and
eliminate cancer cells. In concept, immunotherapies should have fewer
side-effects than chemotherapies and should be relatively well-tolerated by the
patient. Thus, although there can be no assurance of success, the Company
believes immunotherapies have the potential to be effective and by reason of
their selectivity, relatively safe anticancer therapeutic agents.
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TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS AND PRODUCT CANDIDATES
The AC Vaccine Technology
The Company's primary proprietary technology is a patented process that allows
the Company to produce an autologous cell vaccine (an "AC Vaccine") that
attempts to stimulate the patient's own immune system to recognize, contain and
eliminate cancer cells. The technology primarily involves the removal of a
patient's own tumor cells, conjugating them to a small molecule known as a
hapten-dinitro phenyl (DNP), and reintroducing the product back into the patient
with an adjuvant, which is an immunological agent that increases the immune
response. Haptenization is the process of modifying a larger molecule with a
smaller molecule. The small molecule known as a hapten, is recognized by the
immune system and elicits an immune response against the larger molecule. The
approach is based on the premise that a patient's immune response to a strongly
immunogenic, hapten-modified tumor antigen may be followed by the development of
an immune response to the unmodified tumor antigen, somewhat analogous to the
phenomenon of drug-induced autoimmune disease. Therefore, the process of
haptenizing a patient's tumor cells may allow the unhaptenized cancer cells to
be recognized by the body's immune system leading to an immune response against
the patient's tumor cells and their potential elimination from the body.
In practice, the Company's initial therapy would be used as an adjunct to
surgical treatment of tumors. In one proposed model, the surgeon would remove
the patient's tumor and send the cells to the Company where they would be
processed into an AC Vaccine. The vaccine would then be sent to the patient's
oncologist, who would administer the vaccine on an outpatient basis. The
patient's response to the treatment would then be monitored using standard
protocols.
The Company is initially developing this technology for the treatment of
metastatic melanoma but believes that it possibly could have applications in the
treatment of a variety of solid tumors such as ovarian, breast, prostate, lung
and colorectal cancer and may have applications in the treatment of acute
myelogenous leukemia (AML).
M-Vax(TM)
General. The Company's lead product, M-Vax(TM), is a post-surgical treatment for
stage 3 melanoma. Melanoma is a highly malignant tumor that can spread so
rapidly that it can be fatal within months of diagnosis. The incidence of
melanoma is increasing at a faster rate than most other cancers in the United
States, Australia, northern Europe and Canada. Although there are several
causative factors, rising exposure by the general population to UV radiation in
sunlight appears to be the most significant factor behind this increase. With
the incidence growing at a rate in excess of 6% annually, melanoma affects over
200,000 people in the United States, with approximately 38,000 new cases
diagnosed in 1996.
Melanoma patients may be categorized according to the following staging system:
o Stage 1-- lesion less than 1.5mm thickness and no apparent metastasis;
o Stage 2-- lesion greater than 1.5mm thickness and local spreading from primary
cancer site;
o Stage 3-- metastasis to regional draining lymph nodes and regional spread from
primary cancer site; and
o Stage 4--distant metastasis.
Surgical excision of the tumor mass and any of the nearby lymph nodes into which
there has been metastasis followed by high dose alpha interferon remains the
generally accepted treatment to date for patients with stage 3 melanoma.
However, in many cases survival is restricted by the inability of surgery to
guarantee removal of all the tumor cells. It is highly possible for the patient
to remain with undetected metastasis. Further, use of high dose alpha interferon
is associated with many severe side effects, often leading to either reduction
in dosage or complete discontinuation before the full course of treatment is
completed. Due to its limited efficacy and highly toxic side-effects,
chemotherapy and radiation have not been widely used in the treatment of these
patients. The five-year survival rate for these patients is believed by the
Company
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to be approximately 20%. Recently, the FDA approved the use of high doses of
alpha interferon for the post-surgical treatment of melanoma patients. In
clinical studies alpha interferon has demonstrated a five-year survival rate
that the Company believes to be approximately 32% in stage 3 patients whom the
Company believes to be comparable to those treated with M-Vax(TM). Thus, the
Company believes that there is a clear need for an effective post-surgical
treatment of stage 3 melanoma patients, one that would contain metastasis and
prevent recurrent disease.
Clinical Trials. Dr. David Berd, the inventor of the patented technology
licensed to the Company by TJU, is a clinical oncologist at TJU. Dr. Berd has
been conducting physician-sponsored clinical trials for the treatment of
melanoma using M-Vax(TM) for approximately the past eight years.
In such ongoing clinical trials at TJU, over 300 melanoma patients have been
treated post-surgically on an outpatient basis with M-Vax(TM). In 62 patients
with stage 3 melanoma in protocols in which there has been sufficient time for
long-term follow-up, the five-year survival rate is approximately 60%. This
compares with the historical and control group survival rates of about 20%, and
the survival rate for treatment with high dose alpha interferon of approximately
32% in stage 3 patients whom the Company believes to be comparable to those
treated with M-Vax(TM). The Company believes that the results to date of the
ongoing clinical trial represent the first substantial increase in survival for
stage 3 melanoma patients treated by immunotherapy. In the over 300 patients
treated in studies, the Company believes that only relatively minor side
effects, such as soreness and mild transient nausea and swelling at the site of
the application of the M-Vax(TM) vaccine, have been witnessed to date.
TJU and Dr. Berd have conducted the ongoing clinical trials at TJU pursuant to
an FDA-approved, physician-sponsored Investigational New Drug Application
("IND"). The Company has recently met with the FDA to discuss the clinical
results obtained with M-Vax(TM), the use of such results in support of the
submission of a Company-sponsored IND to the FDA, and to review its proposed
development program, which includes Phase III clinical trials for M-Vax(TM). The
Company's management presently anticipates that it may initiate pivotal Phase
III multicenter clinical trials of M-Vax(TM) later in 1997. Commencement of
these studies is dependent upon the Company's ability to establish adequate
manufacturing capabilities which may be needed for compliance with certain
regulatory standards promulgated by the FDA. While management of the Company
anticipates that such capability may be established in a timely manner, there
can be no assurance of the adequacy of the manufacturing or of FDA acceptance.
Delays in either manufacturing capability or regulatory approval would delay
commencement of these studies and could have a material adverse affect on the
Company. Depending upon the results of the anticipated clinical trials, the
Company intends to use the results of these Company-sponsored clinical trials
along with the results of the clinical trial conducted at TJU, as the basis for
the filing of a New Drug Application ("NDA") for FDA approval to market
M-Vax(TM). The Company's management estimates that it may be in the position to
submit such NDA for FDA approval in approximately the year 2000 or 2001. The
targeted timetable for filing an NDA depends upon the rate of enrollment of both
clinical sites and patients in the Phase III studies, the adequacy of the
overall clinical outcome data from these trials, and ultimately acceptance by
the FDA of the studies. A delay in enrollment of either clinical sites or
patients would delay completion of the trials. Moreover, equivocal clinical
outcomes from such trials would have the effect of at least delaying the
timetable for submission of an NDA and would impact negatively regulatory
acceptance of the studies in connection with the possible approval of such NDA.
The Company also may pursue a similar regulatory approval and commercialization
strategy for M-Vax(TM) in Australia, Canada, Mexico and certain other countries
through corporate partnering strategies, although such strategies have not yet
been finalized or initiated. Denial of any regulatory approvals or any
significant delays in obtaining any of the same, would have a material adverse
effect on the Company.
The Company is enrolling patients for its Phase II clinical trial of O-Vax(TM),
its AC Vaccine for ovarian cancer. This trial is being conducted at TJU under
the direction of Dr. Berd. Although there can be no such assurance, management
of the Company anticipates that preliminary data from this initial clinical
trial which may be demonstrative of the ability of O-Vax(TM) to induce an immune
response against ovarian cancer in humans may be available by the end of 1997.
Depending upon the timing and results of such trial, the Company intends for
further clinical trials to be conducted at TJU under the direction of Dr. Berd
in 1998 and 1999 for the purpose of collecting Phase II preliminary efficacy
data with respect to the
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effectiveness of O-Vax(TM) in treating advanced stages of ovarian cancer, and to
use the results of such Company-sponsored trials to support the commencement of
a subsequent Phase III program for O-Vax(TM).
The can be no assurance, however, that the foregoing forward-looking statements
with respect to the Company's intended timetable for the commencement of Phase
III clinical trials for M-Vax(TM), the eventual filing of an NDA and the
Company's intended timetable for clinical trials for O-Vax(TM) will be met. For
a discussion of certain of the risks and uncertainties which may impact upon
such timing, see "Risk Factors--Development Stage Company", "Technological
Uncertainty and Early Stage of Product Development", "Government Regulation; No
Assurance of Product Approval", "Dependence on Others for Clinical Development
of, and Regulation Approvals for, Manufacturing and Marketing of Pharmaceutical
Products", "Dependence on Others for Clinical Development of, and Regulation
Approvals for, Manufacturing and Marketing of Pharmaceutical Products",
"Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research Agreements", "Lack of
Manufacturing Facilities", "Forward Looking Statements" and the other items
under "Risk Factors".
Topoisomerase Inhibitors
The Rutgers License relates to a series of novel anticancer compounds being
prepared and studied under the direction of Professors Edmund LaVoie and Leroy
Liu at Rutgers University (the "Rutgers Compounds"). The Rutgers Compounds have
proven effective on animal models during preclinical studies, and, although
there can be no assurance, the Company believes that they may be effective on
humans. The Rutgers Compounds fall into three distinct and varied chemical
classes, and have been shown to inhibit topoisomerase I or topoisomerase II
activities, depending on the exact structure. Topoisomerases are key enzymes
needed for remolding DNA, a necessary function for malignant tumor growth.
Inhibitors of these enzymes have been proven to be clinically-useful anticancer
therapies. In addition to having topoisomerase-inhibiting characteristics, some
of the Rutgers compounds have shown activity against fungal as well as parasitic
organisms. Both United States and non-U.S. patents have been filed for the
Rutgers Compounds and their anticancer and anti-infective uses. Although such
compounds are in an early stage of preclinical development for solid tumor,
antifungal and parasitic indications, the Company intends to pursue development
of one or more of these compounds. The Company's management anticipates that the
preclinical work may lead to indentification of a lead compound by the end of
1997, and that an IND for such compound may be filed with the FDA during 1998.
However, there can be no assurance that any such compounds will ultimately reach
a stage of clinical testing or commercialization. For a discussion of certain
risks which may impact upon the timing and outcomes of the development of the
Rutgers compounds, see "Risk Factors--Development Stage Company", "Technological
Uncertainty and Early Stage of Product Development", "Government Regulation; No
Assurance of Product Approval", "Dependence on Others for Clinical Development
of, and Regulation Approvals for, Manufacturing and Marketing of Pharmaceutical
Products", "Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research Agreements", "Lack of
Manufacturing Facilities", "Forward Looking Statements" and the other items
under "Risk Factors".
Novel Anti-Estrogens
The Texas A&M License relates to a series of novel anticancer compounds (the
"Texas A&M Compounds") being prepared and studied under the direction of
Professor Stephen Safe at Texas A&M University. The unique activity against
solid tumors exhibited by the Texas A&M Compounds can be classified as
anti-estrogen, although they appear to act indirectly on the estrogen receptor
through a novel pathway. Anti-estrogens have been proven to be clinically-useful
anticancer therapies. United States patents for both the Texas A&M Compounds and
their anticancer uses have been filed. Although non-U.S. patent filings have not
yet been made, the Company expects that foreign patent coverage eventually will
be pursued. Although such compounds are in a early stage of preclinical
development for solid tumor indications, the Company intends to pursue
development of one or more of these compounds. The Company's management
anticipates that the preclinical work will lead to indentification of a lead
compound by the end of 1997, and that an IND for such compound may be filed with
the FDA during 1998. However, there can be no assurance that any such compounds
will ultimately reach a stage of clinical testing or commercialization. For a
discussion of certain risks which may impact upon the timing and outcomes of the
development of the Rutgers compounds, see "Risk Factors--Development Stage
Company", "Technological Uncertainty and Early Stage of Product Development",
"Government Regulation; No Assurance of Product Approval", "Dependence on Others
for Clinical Development of, and Regulation Approvals for, Manufacturing and
Marketing of
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Pharmaceutical Products", "Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research
Agreements", "Lack of Manufacturing Facilities", "Forward Looking Statements"
and the other items under "Risk Factors".
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Autologous Cell Vaccines
In connection with the TJU License entered into in November 1995, TJU, Dr. Berd,
as TJU's principal investigator, and the Company entered into a Clinical Study
and Research Agreement pursuant to which TJU and Dr. Berd began a research and
clinical study program for the further development of the AC Vaccine technology
for additional cancer targets. In turn, the Company agreed to fund such research
as follows: $220,094 for the first year of the agreement, $220,381 for the
second year of the agreement and at least $100,000 for the third year of the
agreement. Following the third year, the Company is obligated to spend a minimum
of $500,000 per year on the development of the AC Vaccine technology until
commercialized in the United States. If following the third year, the Company
files for FDA approval of a Company-sponsored NDA for the right to market a
product arising from such technology, the Company may elect to spend less than
$500,000 per year on the development of the AC Vaccine technology during the
period of time the NDA is under review by the FDA. If the Company fails to make
such payments in accordance with the terms of the Clinical Study and Research
Agreement, TJU may terminate the agreement and no further research would be
performed thereunder. Termination of the TJU License would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations. See "Risk Factors--Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research
Agreements."
Topoisomerase Inhibitors
In consideration of the license granted to the Company by Rutgers in December
1996, the Company has committed to the funding of research for each of the first
three years of the Rutgers License at a rate of $100,000 per year as well as the
payment of certain indirect overhead costs. The Company also is obligated to pay
on a deferred basis to Rutgers for certain overhead costs for such three-year
period. In addition, the Company is obligated to spend an aggregate of $200,000
in the first year, $300,000 in the second year and $500,000 each year thereafter
until the first year of commercial marketing of a product derived from the
Rutgers compounds, for the development, research (including the $100,000
research funding commitment in each of the first three years), manufacture,
regulatory approval, marketing and selling of a product derived from the Rutgers
compounds. If the Company fails to make such payments in accordance with the
terms of the Rutgers License, Rutgers would be entitled to terminate the
agreement and no further research would be performed thereunder. The termination
of the Rutgers License could have a material adverse effect on the Company. See
"Risk Factors--Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research Agreements."
It is expected that the research and development effort with respect to these
compounds will be conducted at Rutgers under the direction of Edmond J. LaVoie,
Ph.D., the co-originator of the technology underlying the Rutgers License. Dr.
LaVoie is Professor of Medicinal Chemistry and Chairman of the Department of
Pharmaceutical Chemistry at Rutgers and is a member of the Company's Scientific
Advisory Board. See "Management--Scientific Advisory Board."
Novel Anti-Estrogens
In consideration of the license granted to the Company by Texas A&M in February
1997, the Company has committed to the funding of research in the amount of
$108,750 for each of the first three years. In addition, the Company is required
to achieve certain milestones toward development of a licensed product within
certain specified time frames. If the Company fails to make such payments or
achieve such milestones in accordance with the terms of the Texas A&M License,
Texas A&M would be entitled to terminate the agreement and no further research
would be performed thereunder. The termination of the Texas A&M License could
have a material adverse effect on the Company. See "Risk Factors-- Dependence on
Licenses and Sponsored Research Agreements."
It is anticipated that the research and development effort with respect to the
potential anti-cancer compounds licensed under the Texas A&M License will be
conducted at Texas A&M under the direction of Stephen H. Safe, Ph.D., the
originator of
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the technology underlying the Texas A&M License. Dr. Safe is Sid Kyle Professor
of Toxicology at Texas A&M and is a member of the Company's Scientific Advisory
Board. See "Management--Scientific Advisory Board."
For fiscal years 1995 and 1996, the Company incurred research and development
expenses of $126,957 and $738,991, respectively. See "Financial Statements."
Although there can be no assurance, the Company intends to spend increasingly
more on research and development in the foreseeable future.
PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The TJU License
Pursuant to the TJU License, the Company has licensed an issued U.S. patent and
certain patent applications covering a process for the modification of a
patient's own tumor cells into a cancer vaccine. The TJU License is a
royalty-bearing license for the rights to such patented vaccine technology, and
provides for certain payments upon the occurrence of certain milestones. As
consideration for the TJU License, the Company paid $10,000 to TJU, and issued
229,121.5 shares of Common Stock to each of TJU and Dr. Berd, representing 7.5%
(15% in the aggregate) of the Company's total outstanding voting securities at
the time of issuance.
The Company is obligated to make certain milestone payments to TJU as follows:
$10,000 upon initiation of the first clinical trial that is approved by the FDA
(or comparable international agency), $10,000 upon the first filing of an NDA
with the FDA (or comparable filing with a comparable international agency), and
$25,000 upon receipt by the Company of approval from the FDA (or comparable
international agency) to market products relating to the AC Vaccine technology.
In addition, the Company is obligated to pay royalties on its net sales revenue
and a percentage of all revenues received from sublicenses relating to the AC
Vaccine technology. Failure to comply with the terms of the TJU License may
cause its termination, which would have a material adverse effect on the
Company. See "Risk Factors--Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research
Agreements."
The Rutgers License
Pursuant to the Rutgers License, the Company has licensed certain patent
applications relating to a series of compounds for the potential treatment of
cancer and infectious diseases. The Company paid $15,000 as consideration for
the Rutgers License, and has agreed to pay an additional $15,000 license
maintenance fee in each subsequent year. The Company has also committed to the
issuance to Rutgers of warrants to purchase 125,000 shares of Common Stock at a
price of $8.24 per share. Such warrants are exercisable upon the achievement of
certain development-related milestones. The first 75,000 of such warrants will
expire in 2006 and the final 50,000 of such warrants will expire in 2011. These
warrants will provide for cashless exercise, piggyback registration rights and
certain anti-dilution rights.
The Company also has agreed to fund research in the amount of $100,000 for the
first three years of the Rutgers License as well as to pay for certain indirect
overhead costs during such time. The Company also is obligated to pay on a
deferred basis for certain overhead costs for such three-year period. The
license maintenance fee is not payable in years where research funding is equal
to or greater than $100,000.
The Company is also obligated to pay certain milestone payments as follows:
$15,000 on the earlier of October 31, 1999 or the date of first filing of an IND
application with the FDA, or comparable international agency, $25,000 on the
earlier of October 31, 2001 or the date of initiation of Phase II trials in the
United States or another major market country, $45,000 on the earlier of October
31, 2005 or the date of first filing of an NDA application with the FDA, or
comparable international agency and $150,000 on the earlier of October 31, 2008
or the date of receipt by the Company of approval from the FDA or comparable
international agency to market products. In addition, the Company is required to
pay royalties on its worldwide net sales revenue derived from the Rutgers
compounds and a percentage of all revenues received from sublicenses of products
derived from these compounds. Failure to comply with the terms of the Rutgers
License may cause its termination, which would have a material adverse effect on
the Company. See "Risk Factors--Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research
Agreements."
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The Texas A&M License
Pursuant to the Texas A&M License, the Company has licensed an issued U.S.
patent and certain patent applications relating to a series of compounds for the
potential treatment of cancer. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company is
obligated to pay future milestone payments, royalties on its net sales revenue
derived from these compounds and a percentage of all revenues received from
sublicensees of such compounds. The Company also has agreed to fund research in
the amount of $108,750 for each of the first three years of the Texas A&M
License. Failure to comply with the terms of the Rutgers License may cause its
termination, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company. See
"Risk Factors--Dependence on Licenses and Sponsored Research Agreements."
In the future, the Company may require additional licenses from other parties to
develop, manufacture and market commercially viable products effectively. The
Company's commercial success will depend in part on obtaining and maintaining
such licenses. There can be no assurance that such licenses can be obtained or
maintained on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, that the patents
underlying such licenses will be valid and enforceable or that the proprietary
nature of the patented technology underlying such licenses will remain
proprietary. The Company presently intends to pursue aggressively the broadest
patent coverage possible for all of its intellectual property. See "Risk
Factors--Uncertainty Regarding Patents and Proprietary Rights."
COMPETITION
The Company is aware of estimates that more than 300 companies are reported to
have approximately 1,250 cancer drugs under development worldwide, of which a
substantial number are under development in the United States. Many of such
drugs or other substances under development involve chemotherapeutic agents and
cancer immunotherapies and, thus, are, or may be, in direct competition with the
Company's AC Vaccine or compounds resulting from development work pursuant to
the Rutgers License or the Texas A&M License. Such future competitor products
and drugs may perform more effectively or safely than the Company's product
candidates.
Many of the companies engaged in anticancer research and development and in
acquiring rights to the products of such research and development, including
biotechnology companies, have substantially greater financial, technical,
scientific, manufacturing, marketing and other resources than the Company and
have more experience in developing, marketing and manufacturing therapeutics,
including performing the preclinical testing and clinical trials that are
required for obtaining FDA and other regulatory approvals. Included among the
Company's competitors are: (i) large established pharmaceutical and
biotechnology companies with commitments to oncology or antiviral research,
development and marketing, including, without limitation, Schering Plough
Corporation, Chiron Corporation, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Johnson & Johnson;
(ii) smaller biotechnology companies with similar strategies, including IDEC
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Biomira Diagnostics; and (iii) many development stage
companies licensing and/or developing oncology therapeutics.
In addition, many research institutes, hospitals and universities are working to
develop products and processes in the same field of cancer that may in the
future be in direct competition with the Company's present and future products.
Several companies or research institutions are developing cancer vaccines to
treat melanoma, including, without limitation, Ribi ImmunoChem Research, Inc.
and Progenics, Inc., which are in Phase III clinical trials. The principal
competitive factors in the area of cancer immunotherapies are (i) the efficacy
of the product and (ii) the timing of the entry of the product into the market.
Although there is significant competition, to date, the Company believes that
none of such immunotherapies have demonstrated the increase in survival over the
same period of time that the Company's technology has shown. Although there can
be no assurance, the Company also believes that its AC Vaccine technology may be
applicable to a variety of solid tumors such as ovarian, breast, prostate, lung
and colorectal cancer and may have applications in the treatment of acute
myelogenous leukemia (AML) and therefore may not be as limited as certain other
approaches. With respect to the timing of the entry of the product, the Company
is unable to estimate, when, if at all, any of its potential products will be
approved.
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MANUFACTURING AND MARKETING
The Company does not currently have the resources to manufacture or directly
market any products that it may develop. In connection with its research and
development activities, the Company may seek to enter into collaborative
arrangements with pharmaceutical, medical device, health care, chemical or other
companies to assist in further funding as well as in development, manufacturing
and/or marketing of its products if such activities are commercially feasible.
These partners may also be responsible for commercial scale manufacturing, which
may be subject to compliance with applicable FDA regulations. The Company
anticipates that such arrangements may involve the grant of exclusive or
semi-exclusive rights to sell specific products to specified market segments or
particular geographic territories in exchange for a royalty, joint venture,
future co-marketing or other financial interests.
To date, the Company has not entered into any collaborative commercial
manufacturing or marketing agreements for any of its potential products. There
can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into any such
arrangements on favorable terms, if at all. Such collaborative marketing
arrangements, whether licenses, joint ventures or otherwise, may result in lower
revenues than would otherwise be generated if the Company conducted the
marketing of their own products. See "Risk Factors--Dependence on Third Parties
for Additional Funds and for Manufacturing, Marketing and Selling."
The Company may elect to establish its own manufacturing facilities for the
products and technologies that it may develop. In the event the Company decides
to establish manufacturing facilities, the Company will be required to hire and
train significant numbers of employees and to comply with the extensive cGMP
regulations applicable to such a facility. The establishment of any such
facilities and eventual expansion of operations to commercial levels, as well as
the hiring of qualified employees, could require substantial expenditures. In
addition, if any of the Company's products produced at its facilities were
regulated as biologics, the Company could be required to file with the FDA in
order to obtain an establishment license (or similar license) for its
facilities. Any delay in the FDA's approval (or its refusal to grant) such a
license would delay or prevent marketing of the relevant product. See "Risk
Factors--Lack of Manufacturing Facilities" "--Dependence on Others for Clinical
Development of, and Regulatory Approvals for Manufacturing and Marketing of
Pharmaceutical Products."
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
The research, preclinical development, clinical trials, product manufacturing
and marketing which may be conducted by the Company is subject to regulation by
the FDA and similar health authorities in foreign countries. The proposed
products and technologies of the Company also may be subject to certain other
federal, state and local government regulations, including, without limitation,
the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, and their state, local and foreign
counterparts. Although there can be no such assurance, the Company does not
believe that compliance with such laws and regulations has, nor is presently
expected to have, a material adverse effect on the business of the Company.
However, the Company cannot predict the extent of the adverse effect on its
business or the financial and other cost that might result from any government
regulations arising out of future legislative, administrative or judicial
action. See "Risk Factors--Government Regulation; No Assurance of Product
Approval."
Generally, the steps required before a pharmaceutical or therapeutic biological
agent may be marketed in the United States include: (i) preclinical laboratory
tests, in vivo preclinical studies in animals, toxicity studies and formulation
studies; (ii) the submission to the FDA of an IND application for human clinical
testing, that must become effective before human clinical trials commence; (iii)
adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and
efficacy of the drug; (iv) the submission of an NDA to the FDA; and (v) FDA
approval of the NDA prior to any commercial sale or shipment of the drug. In
addition to obtaining FDA approval for each product, each domestic drug
manufacturing establishment must be registered with, and approved by, the FDA.
Domestic manufacturing establishments are subject to biennial inspections by the
FDA and must comply with Good Manufacturing Practices ("GMP") for both drugs and
devices. To supply products for use in the United States, foreign manufacturing
establishments must comply with GMP and are subject to periodic inspection by
the FDA or by corresponding regulatory agencies in such countries under
reciprocal agreements with the FDA. As permitted by FDA regulations, the
M-Vax(TM) and O-Vax(TM) human clinical trials are being conducted by TJU under
the supervision of Dr. David Berd pursuant to an FDA-approved physician
sponsored IND. Even
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if the Company eventually receives FDA approval of an NDA to commercialize any
of its products, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to
successfully manufacture such product at a commercially acceptable cost.
For clinical investigation and marketing outside the United States, the Company
also is subject to foreign regulatory requirements governing human clinical
trials and marketing approval for drugs. The requirements governing the conduct
of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary widely for
European countries both within and outside the European Community ("EC").
Outside the United States, the Company's ability to market a product is
contingent upon receiving a marketing authorization from the appropriate
regulatory authority. At present, foreign marketing authorizations are applied
for at a national level, although within the EC certain registration procedures
are available to companies wishing to market their products in more than one EC
member state. If the regulatory authority is satisfied that adequate evidence of
safety, quality and efficacy has been presented, a marketing authorization will
be granted. The system for obtaining marketing authorizations within the EC
registration system is a dual one in which certain products, such as
biotechnology and high technology products and those containing new active
substances, will have access to a central regulatory system that provides
registration throughout the entire EC. Other products will be registered by
national authorities in individual EC member states, operating on a principle of
mutual recognition. This foreign regulatory approval process includes, at least,
all of the risks associated with FDA approval set forth above. The Company could
possibly have greater difficulty in obtaining any such approvals and also might
find it more difficult to protect its intellectual property abroad.
SOURCES AND AVAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIALS
The Company does not expect to encounter significant difficulties in obtaining
raw materials for M-Vax(TM) since it is primarily composed of a readily
available chemical reagent, DNP, and the patient's own tumor cells. Should the
supply of DNP significantly decrease, the Company may encounter problems
preparing M-Vax(TM) or any other AC Vaccine technology.
COMPLIANCE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
The Company's business may be subject to regulation under federal, state, local,
and foreign laws regarding environmental protection and hazardous substance
control. The Company believes that its compliance with these laws will have no
adverse impact upon its capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position.
Federal, state and foreign agencies and legislative bodies have expressed
interest in the further environmental regulation of the biotechnology industry.
The Company is unable to estimate the extent and impact of such, if any, future
federal, state, local legislation or administrative environmental action.
EMPLOYEES
As of August 14, 1997, the Company had six full-time employees, including
Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D., its President and Chief Executive Officer, David L.
Tousley, C.P.A., its Chief Financial Officer, and Ernest W. Yankee, Ph.D., its
Executive Vice President. Its other consultants, scientific advisors, part-time
officers and directors devote only a portion of their time to the business of
the Company. The Company believes that it maintains good relations with Dr.
Jonas and its employees, consultants, scientific advisors, part-time officers
and directors. See "Risk Factors--Lack of Management and Employees" and
"--Dependence Upon Key Personnel and Consultants."
33
<PAGE>
FACILITIES
The Company's executive offices are located at 4520 Main, Suite 930, Kansas
City, Missouri 64111. The Company anticipates that in the future it may own or
lease its own laboratory facility for the manufacturing of its potential
products although no such lease or ownership interest is under current
consideration. The research and development work of the Company is currently
being conducted at TJU, Rutgers and Texas A&M pursuant to their respective
license and research agreements with the Company. See "Risk Factors--Lack of
Facilities,""--Dependence on Third Parties for Additional Funds and for
Manufacturing, Marketing and Selling," and "--Dependence on Others for Clinical
Development of, and Regulatory Approvals for, and Manufacturing and Marketing of
Pharmaceutical Products" and "Certain Transactions."
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is not aware of any pending or threatened legal actions which may
have a material adverse affect on the Company's business.
34
<PAGE>
MANAGEMENT
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
The following table sets forth the names and positions of the executive officers
and directors of the Company:
Name Age Position
- ---- --- --------
Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D. 44 Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
Edson D. de Castro 58 Director
John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D. 43 Director
Carl Spana, Ph.D. 35 Director
Michael S. Weiss 31 Secretary and Director
David L. Tousley, C.P.A. 42 Chief Financial Officer
Ernest W. Yankee, Ph.D. 53 Executive Vice President
Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D., has been the Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director of the Company since June 1, 1996. Prior to joining the Company, from
1994 to 1996, Dr. Jonas was the Vice President of Clinical Development and the
Chief Medical Officer of Upjohn Laboratories. From 1991 to 1994, he was the Vice
President of Worldwide Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs, the Director of
Psychopharmacology and the Director of Clinical Development III for Upjohn
Company. Prior thereto, Dr. Jonas was a research and clinical
psychopharmacologist in the Boston area. Dr. Jonas has authored a book on
Prozac(TM), and over 100 scientific articles, abstracts and book chapters. Dr.
Jonas received his M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1979 and a B.A. in
Biology and English from Amherst College in 1975.
Mr. Edson D. de Castro has been a member of the Board of Directors of the
Company since October 1993. Since May 1995, Mr. de Castro has been Chairman of
the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Xenometrix, Inc., a
biotechnology company for which he had previously served as Chief Executive
Officer from June to November 1992 and as a Director since June 1992. From 1990
through 1995, Mr. de Castro has been consulting for companies and participating
as a member of certain Boards of Directors. Mr. de Castro was one of five
co-founders of Data General Corporation in 1968 for which, from 1968 to 1989, he
served as its President and Chief Executive Officer, and from 1989 to 1990, he
served as its Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. de Castro was a founder
and Executive Committee Member of the Massachusetts High Tech Council. Mr. de
Castro is a Trustee of Boston University. In addition, Mr. de Castro serves on
the Board of Directors of two other biotechnology companies, Boston Life
Sciences, Inc., and Binary Therapeutics, Inc. Mr. de Castro received his B.S. in
Electrical Engineering from the University of Lowell in 1960.
John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D., has been a director of the Company since July
1996. He is a co-founder and/or a member of the Board of Ingenex, Inc., Atlantic
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Optex Ophthamologics, Inc., Gemini Gene Therapies, Inc.,
Channel Therapeutics, Inc., Xenometrix, Inc., Avigen, Inc., and Palatin
Technologies, Inc. Dr. Prendergast is a Managing Director of Paramount Capital
Investments, LLC. Prior to joining Paramount Capital Investments, LLC, Dr.
Prendergast worked as an investment banker in the Corporate Finance division of
the firm D.H. Blair & Co., Inc., a New York investment bank. Dr. Prendergast
received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from the University of New South Wales, Sydney,
Australia and a CSS in Administration and Management from Harvard University.
Carl Spana, Ph.D., has been a Director of the Company since September 1995 and
was its Interim President from August 1995 to June 15, 1996. Dr. Spana is
currently the Executive Vice President of Business Development and Chief
Scientific Officer of Palatin Technologies, Inc. From 1993 to 1996, Dr. Spana
was responsible for discovering, evaluating, and commercializing new
biotechnologies through his work at Paramount Capital Investments, LLC where he
was an Associate Director. Dr. Spana has been a co-founder of several private
biotechnology firms. From 1991 to 1993, Dr. Spana was a Research Associate at
Bristol-Myers Squibb where he was involved in scientific research in the field
of immunology that lead to the initiation of several new drug discovery
programs. Dr. Spana currently is a member of the Board of Directors
35
<PAGE>
of Palatin Technologies, Inc. Dr. Spana received his Ph.D. in Molecular Biology
from The Johns Hopkins University and a B.S. in Biochemistry from Rutgers
University.
Michael S. Weiss, Esq., has been a Director of the Company since March 1996 and
Secretary of the Company since September 1995. Since November 1993, Mr. Weiss
has been Vice President and then Senior Managing Director of Paramount Capital,
Inc., and since 1995 he has been General Counsel of Paramount Capital
Investments, LLC. From 1991 to 1993, Mr. Weiss was an attorney with Cravath,
Swaine & Moore. Mr. Weiss is a Director of Xytronyx, Inc. and Palatin
Technologies, Inc., Interim Chairman of the Board of Directors of Procept, Inc.,
and Secretary of Atlantic Pharmaceuticals, Inc., each of which is a publicly
traded biotechnology company. In addition, Mr. Weiss is a Director of several
privately- held biotechnology companies. Mr. Weiss received his J.D. from
Columbia University School of Law and a B.S. in Finance from the State
University of New York at Albany.
David L. Tousley, C.P.A., has been the Chief Financial Officer of the Company
since October 1, 1996. Prior to joining the Company, from 1989 to 1996, Mr.
Tousley was the Controller and then the Vice President for Finance and
Administration of Connaught Laboratories, Inc. Mr. Tousley received his M.B.A.
in Accounting from Rutgers University Graduate School of Business in 1978 and
his B.A. in English from Rutgers College in 1977.
Ernest W. Yankee, Ph.D., has been an Executive Vice President of the Company
since October 1, 1996. Prior to joining the Company, he served as the Director
of Clinical Development of the Upjohn Company from 1994 to 1996. From 1990 to
1994, he was the Director of Preclinical Development-Scientific Affairs of the
Upjohn Company. Dr. Yankee received his Ph.D. from the University of California
at Los Angeles in 1970 and his B.A. in Chemistry from La Sierra University in
1965.
All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders of the
Company and until their successors have been elected and qualified. Officers
serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Company's bylaws provide
that directors and officers shall be indemnified against liabilities arising
from their service as directors or officers to the fullest extent permitted by
the laws of the State of Delaware, which generally requires that the individual
act in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in or not
opposed to the Company's best interests.
The Company has only six full time employees. Mr. Weiss currently devotes only a
portion of his time to the Company and does not currently receive compensation
from the Company. Certain of the officers and directors of the Company currently
do and may from time to time in the future serve as officers or directors of
other biopharmaceutical or biotechnical companies. There can be no assurance
that such other companies will not in the future have interest in conflict with
those of the Company. See "Risk Factors -- No Assurance of Identification of
Additional Projects," and "--Certain Interlocking Relationships; Potential
Conflicts of Interest."
BOARD COMMITTEES
The Company's Board of Directors has a Compensation Committee. The Compensation
Committee sets the compensation for certain of the Company's personnel and
administers the Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan. The Compensation Committee
consists of Dr. Spana and Mr. Weiss.
The Company's Board of Directors also has an Audit Committee. The Audit
Committee reviews the professional services provided by the Company's
independent accountants and monitor the scope and the results of the annual
audit, reviews proposed changes in the Company's financial and accounting
standards and principles, and the Company's policies and procedures with respect
to its internal accounting, auditing and financial controls and make
recommendations to the Board of Directors on the engagement of the independent
accountants, as well as other matters that may come before it or as directed by
the Board of Directors. The Audit Committee is composed of Dr. Jonas, Dr. Spana
and Mr. de Castro.
36
<PAGE>
SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD
The Company has a Scientific Advisory Board that consists of individuals with
extensive experience in the Company's fields of interest. It is expected that
the Scientific Advisory Board members will meet as a board with management and
key scientific employees of the Company on a semi-annual basis and in smaller
groups or individually on an informal basis. The Company anticipates that the
Scientific Advisory Board members will assist the Company in identifying
scientific and product development opportunities, in reviewing and evaluating
scientists and other employees. Presently, the Scientific Advisory Board members
consists of:
David Berd, M.D. -- Chairman Clinical Oncologist at the Jefferson Cancer
Center of TJU and Inventor of the Company's
AC Vaccine technology.
Edmond J. LaVoie, Ph.D. Professor of Medicinal Chemistry and
Chairman of the Department of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry at Rutgers University.
Margalit Mokyr, Ph.D. Professor of Biochemistry at the University
of Illinois College of Medicine.
Stephen H. Safe, Ph.D. Sid Kyle Professor of Toxicology at Texas
A&M University.
Robert J. Belt, M.D. Medical Director at the Peet
Cancer Center of Saint Luke's Hospital in
Kansas City.
Jerry A. Weisbach, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the
Board of the Company from September 1995 to
March 1996. Former Director of Technology
Transfer and Adjunct Professor at the
Rockefeller University.
Drs. Berd, LaVoie and Weisbach are compensated pursuant to their consulting
agreements with the Company. See "Employment Agreements, Termination and
Severance Arrangements." Drs. LaVoie, Mokyr, Safe and Belt each recently entered
into a Scientific Advisory Board Agreement with the Company, where they agreed
to serve on the Scientific Advisory Board for a period of two years, subject to
automatic annual renewal periods. Pursuant to their respective agreements with
the Company, each such SAB member shall receive $2,000 per meeting, and may, in
the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company or Compensation
Committee thereof, receive additional compensation in the form of options to
purchase shares of Common Stock of the Company or otherwise.
Members of the Scientific Advisory Board may be employed by or have consulting
agreements with entities other than the Company, some of which may conflict or
compete with the Company, or which may, limit a particular member's availability
to the Company. Certain of the institutions with which the Scientific Advisory
Board members are affiliated may have regulations or policies which are unclear
with respect to the ability of such personnel to act as part-time consultants or
in other capacities for a commercial enterprise. Regulations or policies now in
effect or adopted in the future might limit the ability of the Scientific
Advisory Board members to consult with the Company. The loss of the services of
certain of the Scientific Advisory Board members could have a material adverse
effect on the Company.
Although each of the members of the Scientific Advisory Board has the customary
contractual obligation to keep confidential and not to disclose nor use any
confidential or proprietary information of the Company's, inventions or
processes discovered by any Scientific Advisory Board member, in certain
instances or unless otherwise agreed, will not become the property of the
Company but will remain the property of such person or of such person's
full-time employers. In addition, the institutions with which the Scientific
Advisory Board members are affiliated may make available the research services
of their scientific and other skilled personnel, including the Scientific
Advisory Board members to entities other than the Company. In rendering such
services, such institutions may be obligated to assign or license to a
competitor of the Company patents and other proprietary information which may
result from such services, including research performed by an advisor or
consultant for a competitor of the Company.
37
<PAGE>
BOARD COMPENSATION
Currently, directors of the Company do not receive compensation for service on
the Board of Directors or any committee thereof but are reimbursed for travel
expenses incurred in attending board and committee meetings. The Company may
retain additional board members in the future. The Company expects that in the
future it will compensate its directors on a per meeting basis and through the
granting of stock options. Certain of the directors may have consulting
agreements and/or received stock grants in consideration for services rendered
to the Company, other than services rendered as members of the Board. See
"Executive Compensation" and "Certain Transactions."
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth the compensation earned by
the persons serving as the Company's chief executive officer during 1996.
Summary Compensation Table
Annual Compensation
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name and Principal Year Salary Bonus Restricted Common Shares of All Other
Position Stock Award(s) Common Stock Compensation
($) Underlying
Options/SARs
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D. 1996 $117,712.29 $12,500(1) -0- 318,872.5 -0-
- -- President and Chief
Executive Officer
Carl Spana, Ph.D. -- 1995 -0- -0- $259.67(2) -0- -0-
President
Jerry Weisbach, Ph.D. - 1996 $71,330.35(3) -0- -0- -0- -0-
- - Chief Executive
Officer
1995 $50,000 -0- $519.34(4) -0- -0-
1994 -0- -0- -0- -0- $31,250(5)
</TABLE>
(1) Represents amount paid to Dr. Jonas as a signing bonus in connection
with his letter of employment. See "Management--Employment Agreements;
Termination and Severance Arrangements."
(2) Represents 64,918 shares of Common Stock issued to, and purchased by,
Dr. Spana on September 13, 1995, which shares were valued at December
31, 1995 at $.004 per share.
(3) Represents payment of consulting and deferred consulting fees. See
"Management--Employment Agreements; Termination and Severance
Arrangements."
(4) Represents 129,835.5 shares of Common Stock granted and purchased at a
price of $.004 per share on September 13, 1995, which shares were
valued at December 31, 1995 at $.004 per share. Pursuant to the
exercise by the Company of its repurchase rights under the stock
purchase agreement for such granted shares of Common Stock, the Company
repurchased 77,901.5 shares of Common Stock at a price of $.004 per
share on March 24, 1996. See "Management--Employment Agreements;
Termination and Severance Arrangements."
(5) Represents fees received by Dr. Weisbach pursuant to his consulting
agreement with the Company. See "Management--Employment Agreements;
Termination and Severance Arrangements."
38
<PAGE>
Options/SAR Grants In Last Fiscal Year
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Shares of Common Stock % of Total
Underlying Options/SARs Options/SARs Granted Exercise or Base
Name Granted to Employees in Fiscal Price ($/share) Expiration Date
Year
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D. 318,872.5 55.81% 1.00 June 1, 2003
- -- President and Chief
Executive Officer
</TABLE>
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS; TERMINATION AND SEVERANCE ARRANGEMENTS
On May 17, 1996, the Company entered into a letter of employment (the "Jonas
Employment Letter") with Dr. Jeffrey M. Jonas, pursuant to which Dr. Jonas
became the President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director of the Company for
an initial term of four years, effective as of June 1, 1996. Pursuant to the
terms of the Jonas Employment Letter, Dr. Jonas will receive an annual salary of
$200,000, in addition to a signing bonus of $12,500. Dr. Jonas will also receive
a minimum annual bonus of $25,000 at the end of the first year of his employment
and an additional discretionary bonus of up to $175,000. Dr. Jonas also received
options to acquire 318,872.5 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of
$1.00. Such options will vest at a rate of 1/16 per quarter over a four-year
period, and are exercisable for a period of seven years. In June 1997, Dr. Jonas
received a bonus of $100,000 and his annual salary was increased to $225,000. In
July 1997, Dr. Jonas received options to acquire an additional 150,000 shares of
Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.50 pre share. Such options will vest at
a rate of 1/12 per quarter over a three-year period, and are exercisable for a
period of seven years.. The Jonas Employment Letter also provides that the
Company and Dr. Jonas intend to enter into a more formal employment agreement
which will contain, among other things, severance arrangements and non-compete
provisions. Dr. Jonas will also be eligible for additional stock options and
bonuses based upon outstanding performance. In the event that a Change of
Control (as defined in the Jonas Employment Letter) occurs and, prior to the
expiration of the initial term of the Jonas Employment Letter, Dr. Jonas'
employment thereunder is terminated by the Company without cause or by Dr. Jonas
with cause, all options previously granted to Dr. Jonas which remain unvested
will immediately vest.
On September 13, 1996, the Company entered into a letter of employment (the
"Tousley Employment Letter") with David L. Tousley, pursuant to which Mr.
Tousley became the Chief Financial Officer of the Company for an initial term of
four years. Pursuant to the terms of the Tousley Employment Letter, Mr. Tousley
will receive an annual salary of $150,000. Mr. Tousley will also receive a
minimum annual bonus of $25,000 at the end of the first year of his employment
and an additional discretionary bonus of up to $125,000. Mr. Tousley also
received options to acquire 125,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price
of $1.00 per share. In July 1997, Mr. Tousley received options to acquire an
additional 60,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.50 pre
share. All such options will vest at a rate of 1/16 per quarter over a four-year
period, and are exercisable for a period of seven years. The Tousley Employment
Letter also provides that the Company and Mr. Tousley intend to enter into a
more formal employment agreement which will contain, among other things,
severance arrangements and non-compete provisions. Mr. Tousley shall also be
entitled to such additional compensation in the form of bonuses, raises or
otherwise as the Board of Directors of the Company may determine. In the event
that a Change of Control (as defined in the Tousley Employment Letter) occurs
and, prior to the expiration of the initial term of the Tousley Employment
Letter, Mr. Tousley's employment thereunder is terminated by the Company without
cause or Mr. Tousley with cause, all options previously granted to Mr. Tousley
which remain unvested will immediately vest.
On September 13, 1996, the Company entered into a letter of employment (the
"Yankee Employment Letter") with Ernest W. Yankee, Ph.D., pursuant to which Dr.
Yankee became an Executive Vice President of the Company for an initial term of
four years. Pursuant to the terms of the Yankee Employment Letter, Dr. Yankee
will receive an annual salary of $145,000. Dr. Yankee will also receive a
minimum annual bonus of $25,000 at the end of the first year of his employment
and an additional discretionary bonus of up to $83,750. Dr. Yankee also received
options to acquire 125,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.00
per share. In July 1997, Dr. Yankee received options to acquire an additional
39
<PAGE>
60,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.50 pre share. All such
options will vest at a rate of 1/16 per quarter over a four-year period, and are
exercisable for a period of seven years. The Yankee Employment Letter also
provides that the Company and Dr. Yankee intend to enter into a more formal
employment agreement which will contain, among other things, severance
arrangements and non-compete provisions. Dr. Yankee shall also be entitled to
such additional compensation in the form of bonuses, raises or otherwise as the
Board of Directors of the Company may determine. In the event that a Change of
Control (as defined in the Yankee Employment Letter) occurs and, prior to the
expiration of the initial term of the Yankee Employment Letter, Dr. Yankee's
employment thereunder is terminated by the Company without cause or by Dr.
Yankee with cause, all options previously granted to Dr. Yankee which remain
unvested will immediately vest.
On February 22, 1996, the Company entered into a consulting agreement (the
"Spana Consulting Agreement") with Dr. Carl Spana, a Director and the then
Interim President of the Company. Pursuant to the Spana Consulting Agreement,
Dr. Spana is entitled to a consulting fee of $25,000 per annum payable on a
monthly basis, commencing upon the consummation of the Series B Offering. The
Spana Consulting Agreement is for an initial term of three years, and is
renewable for one year terms thereafter at the discretion of both parties and
may be terminated upon 30 days' notice by either party. Dr. Spana's tenure as
Interim President of the Company included the period from March 1996 to June
1996, when the Company did not have a Chief Executive Officer. At the time of
Dr. Jonas' appointment as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the
Company, Dr. Spana resigned from his position as Interim President. See "Certain
Transactions."
In May 1996, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Dr. David Berd
(the "Berd Consulting Agreement"). Pursuant to such consulting agreement, Dr.
Berd is entitled to a $36,000 per year consulting fee payable on a monthly basis
accruing from January 1, 1996, the payment of which commenced upon the
consummation of the Series B Offering. The Berd Consulting Agreement is for a
term of three years subject to early termination upon the happening of certain
events. If Dr. Berd's consulting agreement is terminated without cause, Dr. Berd
will be entitled to six months' severance pay. In addition, Dr. Berd has agreed
to serve as Chairman of the Company's Scientific Advisory Board.
In July 1997, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a member of
its Scientific Advisory Board, Dr. Edmond J. LaVoie (the "LaVoie Consulting
Agreement"). Pursuant to such consulting agreement, Dr. LaVoie is entitled to a
consulting fee of $20,000 per annum, payable quarterly. In addition, Dr. LaVoie
received options to acquire 30,000 shares of Common Stock, exercisable for a
period of seven years at an exercise price of $4.50. The LaVoie Consulting
Agreement is for an initial term of three years, and is renewable for one year
periods thereafter upon the mutual agreement of the parties.
From April 1994 to September 1995, Dr. Jerry Weisbach was a consultant for the
Company and, pursuant to his consulting agreement with the Company, he was to be
paid $25,000 per annum. Upon his appointment as Chief Executive Officer of the
Company, Dr. Weisbach's compensation was increased to $75,000 per annum and he
was granted and sold 129,835.5 shares of Common Stock, which shares were valued
at December 31, 1995 at $.004 per share. Dr. Weisbach's consultancy fees and
salary were accrued until the consummation of the Series B Offering. On June 10,
1996, the Company paid Dr. Weisbach $49,663.98 in satisfaction of such payment
obligations.
On March 24, 1996, Dr. Weisbach resigned as Chief Executive Officer of the
Company. Pursuant to the stock purchase agreement between him and the Company,
the Company repurchased 77,901.5 shares of Common Stock previously issued to Dr.
Weisbach at a price of $.004 per share. Effective March 25, 1996, Dr. Weisbach
entered into a Scientific Advisory Board Agreement (the "Weisbach SAB
Agreement") with the Company. Dr. Weisbach will serve as a member of the
Scientific Advisory Board for an initial term of three years. The agreement is
renewable for one-year terms thereafter at the discretion of both parties.
Pursuant to the Weisbach SAB Agreement, Dr. Weisbach will receive $2,500 per
meeting but no less than $5,000 in any year and will be entitled to stock
options in the discretion of the Board of Directors. Either party may terminate
such agreement upon 30 days' prior written notice.
40
<PAGE>
From August 1991 to April 1995, Dayne R. Myers was the President and the Chief
Executive Officer of the Company and received a salary of $75,000 per annum. In
April 1995, he resigned these positions and pursuant to his severance agreement
with the Company, Mr. Myers was paid: (i) $75,000; (ii) $3,000 for reimbursable
moving expenses; and (iii) $447 for continued medical coverage. He also was
given the right to receive 4.15% (approximately $99,600 in value) of the
aggregate consideration to be received by the Company from Interneuron
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("IPI") on account of the sale of the NutriFem PMS product
within 30 days of receipt by the Company of each payment of such consideration.
See "Employment Agreements; Termination and Severance Arrangements" and "Certain
Transactions." Pursuant to the severance agreement, Mr. Myers entered into
various agreements with the Company relating to, without limitation, (i) the
returning of all shares of and options for capital stock of the Company ever
received by him, (ii) the waiver and release by him of all claims that he may
have had, if any, against the Company and (iii) his obligation to keep
confidential all of the Company's trade secrets and proprietary information.
41
<PAGE>
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
Pursuant to a private offering held in May and June 1996, the Company
consummated an offering of Series B Preferred Stock (the "Series B Offering")
pursuant to which the Company raised aggregate gross proceeds of approximately
$25,800,000. In connection with services rendered by Paramount Capital, Inc., as
placement agent ("Paramount" or the "Placement Agent"), for the Series B
Offering, and pursuant to a placement agency agreement entered into by the
Company and the Placement Agent, the Company paid the Placement Agent cash
commissions of approximately $2,324,000, a non-accountable expense allowance of
approximately $1,033,000 and placement warrants ("Series B Placement Warrants")
to acquire approximately 25,820 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, exercisable
until June 11, 2006 at an exercise price of $110 per share of Series B Preferred
Stock. See "Description of Securities."
Pursuant to the placement agency agreement for the Series B Offering, on June
12, 1996, the Company and the Placement Agent entered into a Financial Advisory
Agreement, pursuant to which the Placement Agent will act as the Company's
financial advisor. Such engagement provides that the Placement Agent will
receive a monthly retainer of $4,000 per month for a minimum of 24 months, plus
expenses and success fees.
On October 20, 1995, the Company entered into an Engagement & Technology
Acquisition Agreement with The Castle Group, LLC ("The Castle Group"), which may
be deemed an affiliate of both the Company and the Placement Agent, pursuant to
which The Castle Group identified, negotiated and acquired for the Company the
TJU License. In consideration for the conveyance of the license, TJU and Dr.
Berd were both granted 229,121.5 shares of Common Stock. In connection
therewith, The Castle Group and its designees were granted and sold 916,485.5
shares of Common Stock of the Company at a price of $.004 per share. Prior to
the acquisition of the TJU License, the Company had no technological assets
other than that discussed below.
On December 27, 1995, the Company sold its former leading product under
development (the "Former Lead Product"), an over-the-counter nutritional
dietary, medicinal and/or elixorative food supplement or drug and related
patents and intellectual property to a subsidiary of Interneuron
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Interneuron"). In consideration for the Former Lead
Product, Interneuron agreed to pay in two installments, in December 1996 and
December 1997, $2.4 million of its common stock ("IPI Stock") to the Company or
its designees. In the Company's Stockholder Information Statement dated June
15,1995, the IPI Stock was designated, under certain circumstances, to be paid
approximately at the time of each installment to the holders of shares of the
Company's Series A Preferred Stock which were issued and outstanding on December
27, 1995 and to the Company's former President and Chief Executive Officer,
Dayne R. Myers. All shares of Series A Preferred Stock were automatically
converted in accordance with their terms into shares of Common Stock effective
June 11, 1996, the date of the final closing of the Series B Offering. The IPI
Stock remained payable to those persons who were record holders of shares of the
Company's Series A Preferred Stock on December 27, 1995. Accordingly, in January
1997, 55,422 shares of IPI common stock were distributed to the former holders
of Series A Preferred Stock and Dayne R. Myers as the first installment payment.
The transactions relating to the sale of Former Lead Product and the rights of
the former holders of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to the IPI Stock
were approved by action by written consent of the Board of Directors of the
Company and the holders of a majority of the shares of both the Common Stock and
the Series A Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class in July 1995. Based
upon publicly available information, Interneuron is a diversified
biopharmaceutical company engaged in the development and commercialization of a
portfolio of products primarily for the treatment or management of central
nervous systems disorders. Interneuron's common stock is traded on the Nasdaq
National Market. The market price of Interneuron's common stock at December 31,
1995, and August 12, 1997 was $12 1/2 and $19 9/16 , respectively.
Dr. Lindsay A. Rosenwald, a substantial shareholder of the Company, is the
Chairman and sole shareholder of each of the Placement Agent and Paramount
Capital Investments, LLC. Dr. Rosenwald is also Chairman of the Board and a
principal stockholder of Interneuron. Dr. Rosenwald personally collateralized
loans to the Company from NatWest Bank N.A., pursuant to which the Company
incurred principal and interest indebtedness of approximately $55,000. Such
indebtedness was paid in full as of June 30, 1996. Dr. Rosenwald also extended a
line of credit to the Company. As of June 30, 1996, the Company paid the
outstanding principal amount and accrued interest under such line of credit,
which was approximately $250,000. In addition, in 1995 and 1996, Paramount acted
as placement agent, pursuant to a placement agency agreement,
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<PAGE>
for a bridge financing for the Company as to which Paramount was paid $90,000 in
commissions and received warrants to purchase 31,250 shares of Common Stock. Two
of the investors in these bridge financings were private investment funds
managed by a company for which Dr. Rosenwald is President. Also, Michael S.
Weiss, Director and Secretary of the Company, is a Senior Managing Director of
Paramount and General Counsel of Paramount Capital Investments, LLC. Wayne
Rubin, at that time, the Treasurer of the Company, is Chief Financial Officer of
Paramount and Paramount Capital Investments, LLC. Dr. Carl Spana, a Director of
the Company, was at that time a Vice President of Paramount Capital Investments,
LLC. Dr. John K.A. Prendergast, also a Director of the Company, is a Managing
Director of Paramount Capital Investments, LLC.
In consideration of services rendered on behalf of the Company in connection
with the acquisition and negotiation of the Rutgers License, on February 13,
1997, the Company agreed to pay Samuel P. Wertheimer, Ph.D., $25,000, and Carl
Spana, Ph.D., $15,000. In addition, the Company agreed to issue to each of Drs.
Wertheimer and Spana warrants to purchase 6,375 shares of Common Stock at an
exercise price of $6.00 per share, exercisable for seven years. In consideration
of services rendered on behalf of the Company in connection with the acquisition
and negotiation of the Texas A&M License, on February 13, 1997, the Company
agreed to pay Fred Mermelstein, Ph.D., $40,000 and to issue to Dr. Mermelstein
warrants to purchase 12,750 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.00
per share, exercisable for seven years. Drs. Wertheimer and Mermelstein are
employees of Paramount Capital Investments, LLC. Dr. Spana is a Director of the
Company.
Pursuant to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, the Company
has agreed to indemnify the Directors of the Company to the maximum extent
permissible under Delaware law.
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<PAGE>
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth, as of the date of this Prospectus, certain
information regarding the beneficial ownership of the Common Stock (i) by each
person known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent
of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock, (ii) by each of the named
executive officers and directors of the Company and (iii) by all officers and
directors of the Company as a group.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name and Address of Beneficial Number of Percentage of Class
Owner (1) Title of Stock Shares Beneficially Owned
<C> <C> <C> <C>
Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D. (2)
787 Seventh Avenue, Common Stock 773,056 21.69%
44th Floor Series B Preferred 10,000 (3) *
New York, NY 10019
Thomas Jefferson University
Office of Technology Transfer
1020 Locust Street Common Stock 229,121 6.43%
Philadelphia, PA 19107
David Berd, M.D.
c/o Thomas Jefferson University
Office of Technology Transfer Common Stock 229,121 6.43%
1020 Locust Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Jeffrey M. Jonas, M.D. (4) Common Stock 112,148 3.05%
Carl Spana, Ph.D. Common Stock 64,918 1.82%
John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D. Common Stock 64,918 1.82%
Edson D. de Castro (5) Common Stock 29,444 *
Michael S. Weiss (6) Common Stock 100,718 2.83%
David L. Tousley (7) Common Stock 35,000 *
Ernest W. Yankee (8) Common Stock 35,000 *
All officers and directors as a group Common Stock 442,146 11.71%
(7 persons) Series B Preferred -0- *
</TABLE>
(See notes on next page)
- ----------
* Represents less than 1%.
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<PAGE>
(1) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with rules promulgated by
the Securities and Exchange Commission, and include voting and investment power
with respect to shares of Common Stock. Shares of Common Stock subject to
options or warrants currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of the
date of this Prospectus, are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage
ownership of the person holding such options or warrants, but are not deemed
outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any other
person.
(2) Includes 199,314 shares of Common Stock owned by Dr. Rosenwald's wife and
trusts in favor of his minor children. Dr. Rosenwald disclaims beneficial
ownership of such shares. Excludes (i) 17,000 shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of Bridge Placement Warrants and (ii) approximately 320,949 shares
of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of shares of Series B Preferred Stock
issuable upon exercise of Series B Placement Warrants; which warrants are not
exercisable within 60 days of the date of this Prospectus. Includes 61,250
shares of Common Stock owned by The Aries Fund, A Cayman Island Trust and The
Aries Domestic Fund, L.P. (collectively, the "Funds"), two private investment
funds that are managed by a company of which Dr. Rosenwald is President, but
excludes an aggregate of 335,550 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion
of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held directly by such entities or issuable
upon exercise of Series B Placement Warrants and Bridge Placement Warrants held
by such entities. Dr. Rosenwald disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares
owned by the Funds, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest, if any.
(3) Represents shares of Series B Preferred Stock owned by the Funds. Dr.
Rosenwald disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares owned by the Funds,
except to the extent of his pecuniary interest, if any.
(4) Represents shares that Dr. Jonas may acquire within 60 days of the date of
this Prospectus, upon the exercise of options granted pursuant to his letter of
employment. Excludes 356,724 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of
options granted pursuant to his letter of employment which are not exercisable
within 60 days of the date of this Prospectus.
(5) Represents shares of Common Stock that Mr. de Castro may acquire within 60
days of the date of this Prospectus. Excludes 556 shares of Common Stock
issuable upon exercise of options that are not exercisable within 60 days of the
date of this Prospectus.
(6) Excludes (i) 1,500 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Bridge
Placement Warrants and (ii) approximately 45,179 shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of shares of Series B Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of
Series B Placement Warrants, which warrants are not exercisable within 60 days
of the date of this Prospectus.
(7) Represents shares that Mr. Tousley may acquire within 60 days of the date of
this Prospectus upon the exercise of options granted pursuant to his letter of
employment. Excludes 150,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of
options granted pursuant to his letter of employment which are not exercisable
within 60 days of the date of this Prospectus.
(8) Represents shares that Dr. Yankee may acquire within 60 days of the date of
this Prospectus upon the exercise of options granted pursuant to his letter of
employment. Excludes 150,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of
options granted pursuant to his letter of employment which are not exercisable
within 60 days of the date of this Prospectus.
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<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
The Company is authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par
value $.004 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value, $.01
per share, of the Company. As of August 14, 1997, 3,563,874 shares of Common
Stock and 243,199 shares of Series B Preferred Stock were issued and
outstanding.
COMMON STOCK
Each holder of Common Stock of the Company is entitled to one vote for each
share held of record. There is no right to cumulative voting of shares for the
election of directors. The shares of Common Stock are not entitled to preemptive
rights and are not subject to redemption or assessment. Each share of Common
Stock is entitled to share ratably in distributions to shareholders and to
receive ratably such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors out
of funds legally available therefor. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up
of the Company, the holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive, pro-rata,
the assets of the Company which are legally available for distribution to
shareholders. The issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock are validly
issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
PREFERRED STOCK
The Company is authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock,
par value $.01 per share (of which 300,000 are designated as Series B Preferred
Stock and 243,199 of which are issued and outstanding). The preferred stock of
the Company can be issued in one or more series as may be determined from
time-to-time by the Board of Directors. In establishing a series the Board of
Directors shall give to it a distinctive designation so as to distinguish it
from the shares of all other series and classes, shall fix the number of shares
in such series, and the preferences, rights and restrictions thereof. All shares
of any one series shall be alike in every particular. The Board of Directors has
the authority, without shareholder approval, to fix the rights, preferences,
privileges and restrictions of any series of preferred stock including, without
limitation: (a) the rate of distribution, (b) the price at and the terms and
conditions on which shares shall be redeemed, (c) the amount payable upon shares
for distributions of any kind, (d) the terms and conditions on which shares may
be converted if the shares of any series are issued with the privilege of
conversion and (e) voting rights except as limited by law.
Although the Company currently does not have any plans to issue additional
shares of preferred stock or to designate a new series of preferred stock, there
can be no assurance that the Company will not do so in the future. As a result,
the Company could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock which
would grant to holders preferred rights to the assets of the Company upon
liquidation, the right to receive dividend coupons before dividends would be
declared to holders of Common Stock, and the right to the redemption of such
shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption to Common Stock. The
current shareholders of the Company have no redemption rights. In addition, the
Board could issue large blocks of voting stock to fend off unwanted tender
offers or hostile takeovers without further shareholder approval.
SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK
At one time, the Company had designated and issued 1,287,500 shares of Series A
Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share ("Series A Preferred Stock"). Pursuant
to an automatic conversion provision in the Certificate of Designations
therefor, all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into
an aggregate of 321,875 shares of Common Stock effective as of June 11, 1996, in
connection with the second closing of the Series B Offering. Thereafter, in July
1996, the Series A Preferred Stock was eliminated pursuant to a Certificate of
Elimination filed by the Company. Notwithstanding such conversion, holders of
the Series A Preferred Stock at the time of such conversion, will receive, pro
rata, $2.4 million of shares of common stock of IPI. The first installment of
common stock of IPI was received by these former holders of Series A Preferred
Stock in January 1997. See "Certain Transactions."
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<PAGE>
SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK
The Board of Directors of the Company has authorized the issuance of up to
300,000, of which 243,199 are outstanding, shares of Series B Preferred Stock,
par value $.01 per share, the rights, preferences and characteristics of which
are as follows:
Dividends
The holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends as,
when and if declared by the Board of Directors of the Company out of funds
legally available therefor. No dividend or distribution, as the case may be,
will be declared or paid on any junior stock unless the dividend also is paid to
holders of the Series B Preferred Stock. The Company does not intend to pay cash
dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock or the underlying Common Stock for the
foreseeable future.
Conversion
Each share of Series B Preferred Stock initially was convertible, in whole or
part, at the option of the holder at any time after the initial issuance date
into 25 shares of Common Stock based upon an initial conversion price of $4.00
per share of Common Stock (the "Initial Conversion Price"). As of June 11, 1997,
13,250 shares of Series B Preferred Stock had been converted into shares of
Common Stock. The Initial Conversion Price was adjusted effective June 11, 1997
(the "Reset Date"), because the average closing bid price of the Common Stock
for the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding such date was less
than $5.40. The average was, in fact, $5.175 per share. Accordingly, the
conversion price was adjusted to $3.83 per share, which corresponds to a new
conversion rate of 26.0875 shares of Common Stock per share of Series B
Preferred Stock. The conversion price is subject to further adjustment upon the
occurrence of certain mergers, reorganizations, consolidations,
reclassifications, stock dividends or stock splits which will result in an
increase or decrease in the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding.
Mandatory Conversion
The Company has the right at any time after the Reset Date to cause the
Preferred Stock to be converted in whole or in part, on a pro rata basis, into
shares of Common Stock if the closing price of the Common Stock exceeds 150% of
the then applicable Preferred Conversion Price for at least 20 trading days in
any 30 consecutive trading day period.
Liquidation
Upon (i) a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether
voluntary or involuntary, (ii) a sale or other disposition of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company or (iii) merger or consolidation
(a "Merger Transaction") in which the Company is not the surviving entity and
shares of Common Stock consisting in excess of 50% of the voting power of the
Company are exchanged (subparagraphs (i), (ii), and (iii) being collectively
referred to as a "Liquidation Event"), after payment or provision for payment of
the debts and other liabilities of the Company, the holders of the Preferred
Stock then outstanding will first be entitled to receive, pro rata (on the basis
of the number of shares of the preferred stock then outstanding), and in
preference to the holders of the Common Stock and any other series of Preferred
Stock of the Company, an amount per share equal to $135.00 plus accrued but
unpaid dividends, if any; provided, however, that in the case of a Merger
Transaction, such $135.00 per share may be paid in cash and/or securities of the
surviving entity in such Merger Transaction.
Voting Rights
The holders of the Series B Preferred Stock have the right at all meetings of
stockholders to the number of votes equal to the number of shares of Common
Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock at the record
date for determination of the stockholders entitled to vote. So long as 50% of
the shares of Series B Preferred Stock remain outstanding, the holders of 66.67%
of the Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to approve (i) the issuance of any
securities of the Company senior to or on parity with the Series B Preferred
Stock, (ii) any alteration or change in the rights or
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<PAGE>
preferences or privileges of the Series B Preferred Stock and (iii) the
declaration or payment of any dividend on any junior stock or the repurchase of
any securities of the Company. Except as provided above or as required by
applicable law, the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to
vote together with the holders of the Common Stock and not as a separate class.
LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS
The holders of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of shares of
Series B Preferred Stock (the "Conversion Shares") agreed pursuant to their
subscription agreements with the Company not to offer, pledge, sell, contract to
sell, grant any option for the sale of, or otherwise dispose of, directly or
indirectly, 75% of the Conversion Shares, without the prior written consent of
the placement agent in the Series B Offering (the "Lock-Up"). Such restrictions
were effective as follows: (i) with respect to 75% of the Conversion Shares
until September 12, 1996 (three months after the completion of the Series B
Offering); with respect to the 50% of the Conversion Shares until December 12,
1996 (six months after the completion of the Series B Offering); and with
respect to the remaining 25% of the Conversion Shares until March 11, 1997 (nine
months after the completion of the Series B Offering). Accordingly, 25% of each
of the holders' Conversion Shares were never subject to the Lock-Up, and as of
March 11, 1997, the Lock-Ups expired.
However, holders of approximately 94% of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock
agreed to amend their subscription agreements with the Company to extend the
Lock-Up period. Pursuant to this amendment, the Lock-Up for such holders' shares
of Series B Preferred Stock has been extended for the period following the later
of the effectiveness under the Securities Act of 1933 of the Registration
Statement ("Effectiveness") and the listing of the Conversion Shares on a
national securities exchange or initial quotation on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market
("Listing"), which occurred on July 10, 1997, as follows: (i) three months
following the later of Effectiveness and Listing with respect to 75% of the
Conversion Shares; (ii) six months following the later of Effectiveness and
Listing with respect to 50% of the Conversion Shares and (iii) nine months
following the later of Effectiveness and Listing with respect to the remaining
25% of the Conversion Shares. Accordingly, 25% of such holders' Conversion
Shares continue to have never been subject to the Lock-Up. The Conversion Shares
of holders that did not agree to amend their subscription agreement are not
subject to any Lock-Up.
In consideration of the agreement with the Company to extend the Lock-Up period
for their Conversion Shares, holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock that
agreed to such extended Lock-Up have the right as of July 10, 1998 (i.e., one
year after the later of Effectiveness and Listing), to have the Company issue
such number of additional shares of Common Stock as shall be necessary to effect
the principles of the original reset provisions contained in the Certificate of
Designations for the Series B Preferred Stock taking into account any
adjustments which may have been previously made at the time of the Reset Date.
The holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of
Series B Placement Warrants and the Common Stock issuable upon conversion
thereof (collectively, the "Placement Conversion Shares") are bound, pursuant to
the terms of such Series B Placement Warrants, not to offer, pledge, sell,
contract to sell, grant any option for the sale of, or otherwise dispose of,
directly or indirectly, any of the Placement Conversion Shares prior to December
11, 1997.
In addition, in connection with the Company's application for listing and
quotation of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, pursuant to the
request of Nasdaq, the Company obtained from the officers and directors of the
Company, and certain employees of Paramount and its affiliates, agreements
locking-up all securities and derivative securities of the Company held by such
individuals for a period of two years through July 10, 1999. Such agreements may
be waived in whole or in part at the option of the Company.
1992 STOCK OPTION PLAN
A total of 437,500 shares of Common Stock has been reserved for issuance under
the Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "AVAX Option Plan"). The AVAX Option
Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors in April 1992 and approved by
stockholders of the Company in April 1992. The AVAX Option Plan expires by its
own terms in 2002.
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<PAGE>
The AVAX Option Plan provides for the grant of "incentive stock options" within
the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and
nonqualified stock options to employees, directors and consultants of the
Company. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees. The AVAX
Option Plan is administered by the Board of Directors of the Company (or a
Committee thereof) which determines the terms of the options granted, including
the exercise price, the number of shares subject to the option, and the schedule
on which the option becomes exercisable.
The AVAX Option Plan requires that the exercise price of incentive stock options
granted to employees of the Company who at the time of the grant of such
incentive stock option own stock representing more than 10% of the voting power
of all classes of stock of the Company or any parent or subsidiary, must be at
least equal to 110% of the fair market value of such shares on the date of
grant. The AVAX Option Plan also requires that the exercise price of incentive
stock options granted to any other employee of the Company must be at least
equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant, and that the
exercise price of nonqualified stock options granted by the Company must be
equal to 85% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant. The
maximum terms of options granted under the AVAX Option Plan is 10 years. With
respect to any participant who owns stock possessing more than 10% of the voting
rights of outstanding capital stock, the exercise price of any option must be at
least equal to 110% of fair market value on the date of grant and the term may
be no longer than five years. No incentive stock option may be granted under the
AVAX Option Plan to any individual if the aggregate fair market value of the
shares (determined as of the time of the option is granted) which would become
exercisable during any calendar year, under all incentive stock options held by
such individual, exceeds $100,000, unless such excess options shall be treated
as nonstatutory stock options.
Generally, any option held by an individual who ceases to be employed or
retained by the Company may be exercised by such individual within three months
after such individual ceases to be employed or retained by the Company or within
one year after such individual ceases to be employed or retained in the case of
disability. Generally, any option held by an individual who dies while still
employed or retained by the Company or dies within three months after the date
he or she is no longer employed or retained by the Company may be exercised by
such individual's representative within six months following the date of death.
Pursuant to the AVAX Option Plan, as of August 14, 1997, options to purchase
30,000 shares of Common Stock were outstanding (of which approximately 28,333
were vested) at a weighted average price of $1.20 per share, and no options had
been exercised.
Such options do not confer upon holders thereof any voting or any other rights
of a stockholder of the Company. The shares of Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of the options and warrants in accordance with the terms thereof, will
be fully paid and nonassessable.
OTHER OPTIONS
Pursuant to their letters of employment with the Company, Dr. Jonas, Mr. Tousley
and Dr. Yankee received share options to acquire 318,872.5, 125,000 and 125,000
shares of Common Stock, respectively, at an exercise price of $1.00 per share.
In connection with her letter of employment entered into on August 23, 1996,
another employee of the Company received share options to acquire 2,500 shares
of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share. All the foregoing share
options will vest at a rate of 1/16 per quarter over the four-year period
following the effective date of the applicable letters of employment and are
exercisable for a period of seven years.
In July 1997, Dr. Jonas Mr. Tousley, Dr. Yankee and the other employee referred
to above received additional share options to acquire 150,000, 60,000, 60,000
and 10,000 shares of Common Stock, respectively, at an exercise price of $4.50
per share. All such share options will vest at a rate of 1/16 per quarter over
the four-year period and are exercisable for a period of seven years; provided,
however, that the additional options granted to Dr. Jonas will vest at a rate of
1/12 per quarter over a three-year period.
In connection with his letter of employment, effective February 10, 1997, one
other employee of the Company has received share options to purchase 52,500
shares of Common Stock at an exercise price equal to $6.00 per share. In July
1997, to
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<PAGE>
reward and incent such employee, the Company withdrew such share options and
replaced them with share options to acquire 90,000 shares of Common Stock at an
exercise price of $4.50. The share options issued to such employee will vestas
follows: 5,000 of such options shall vest on September 1, 1997, 30,000 shall
vest at a rate of 1/6 every six months over a three-year period thereafter, and
the remaining 55,000 shares will vest upon the occurrence of certain milestone
events relating to the Company's manufacturing program.
As of August 14, 1997, options to purchase 127,062 shares of Common Stock were
vested with respect to such employees with a weighted average price of $2.13 per
share and no such options had been exercised.
WARRANTS
The following summaries are qualified in their entirety by the text of the
warrants, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the Registration
Statement.
In connection with services rendered by Paramount, as placement agent in the
Series B Offering, and pursuant to a placement agency agreement entered into by
the Company and Paramount, the Company granted Paramount and/or its designees
placement warrants ("Series B Placement Warrants") to acquire approximately
25,820 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, exercisable until June 11, 2006 at an
exercise price of $110 per share of Series B Preferred Stock. The Series B
Placement Warrants may be exercised, in whole or in part and may be exercised
pursuant to a cashless exercise provision. The Series B Placement Warrants are
subject to certain lock-up restrictions. See "Lock-up Agreements."
An aggregate of 37,983 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the
shares of Series B Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series B
Placement Warrants held by non-Paramount registered representatives are being
registered pursuant to the Registration Statement for this Offering. An
aggregate of 635,591 shares issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series B
Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series B Placement Warrants held
by Paramount registered representatives are not being so registered.
In connection with services rendered by Paramount, as bridge financing agent in
a certain bridge financing loan availed of by the Company from August 1995 to
February 1996, the Company granted Paramount and/or its designees warrants
("Bridge Placement Warrants") to acquire 11,250 newly issued shares of Common
Stock. Each Bridge Placement Warrant entitles the registered holder thereof to
purchase Common Stock at a price of $.04 per share, at any time until five years
from the date of this Prospectus. The Bridge Placement Warrants may be
exercised, in whole or in part and may be exercised pursuant to a cashless
exercise provision.
In connection with services rendered by Castelli Associates, Inc. and
Shear/Kershman Laboratories, Inc., the Company granted Castelli Associates, Inc.
and Shear/Kershman Laboratories, Inc. and/or their designees warrants ("Castelli
and Shear/Kershman Warrants") to acquire 7,750 newly issued shares of Common
Stock. Each Castelli and Shear/Kershman Warrant entitles the registered holder
thereof to purchase Common Stock at a price of $11.00 per share, at any time
until April 30, 1998. The Castelli and Shear/Kershman Warrants may be exercised
in whole or in part.
In connection with services rendered by Ladenberg, Thalmann & Co., Inc.
("Ladenberg"), and D. H. Blair Investment Banking Corp. ("D. H. Blair"), as
placement agents in the offering of Series A Preferred Stock conducted from June
1992 to September 1992, the Company granted Ladenberg and D. H. Blair and/or
their respective designees certain warrants ("Series A Placement Warrants") to
purchase Common Stock at any time until June 26, 1997. In April and June 1997,
Ladenberg and D.H. Blair and/or their respective designees were issued
approximately 49,770 shares of Common Stock pursuant to the cashless exercise
provisions of the Series A Placement Warrants.
In consideration for certain investment banking and financial advisory services
that may be rendered on a non-exclusive basis by Hill, Thompson, Magid & Co.
("HTM"), the Company granted HTM warrants (the "HTM Warrants") to acquire 50,000
shares of Common Stock, which warrants shall vest from time to time through
April 17, 1998. The HTM Warrants entitle the registered holder to purchase
Common Stock at a price of $8.00 per share, at any time from July 17, 1997 until
July 17, 2002. The HTM Warrants may be exercised in whole or in part.
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In consideration for certain investment banking and financial advisory services
to have been rendered on a non-exclusive basis by M.H. Meyerson & Co., Inc.
("Meyerson"), the Company granted Meyerson warrants (the "Meyerson Warrants") to
acquire 50,000 shares of Common Stock on October 24, 1996. The Company
terminated the agreement with Meyerson on April 17, 1997, and, accordingly, the
Meyerson Warrants vested with respect to the right to purchase up to 25,000
shares. Pursuant to the Meyerson Warrants, the registered holder is entitled to
purchase up to 25,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $6.00 per share, at
any time from December 24, 1996 until October 24, 2001. Meyerson was also paid a
fee of $15,000 at the time of its execution of the investment banking agreement.
Pursuant to Section 2710(c)(7)(A) of the NASD Corporate Financing Rules, the HTM
Warrants and the Meyerson Warrants were issued to HTM and Meyerson and certain
of their respective bona fide officers and employees only and may not be sold,
transferred, assigned or pledged or hypothecated by any person for a period of
one year from the date of issuance. Accordingly, the HTM Warrants and the
Meyerson Warrants contain an appropriate legend describing the restriction set
forth above for the period in which such restriction is operative.
In connection with the Rutgers License, the Company granted Rutgers warrants
(the "Rutgers Warrants") to purchase 125,000 shares of Common Stock at $8.24 per
share, which warrants vest from time to time until October 31, 2011, subject to
the achievement of certain milestones. The Rutgers Warrants may be exercised, in
whole or in part and may be exercised pursuant to a cashless exercise provision.
In consideration of services rendered on behalf of the Company in connection
with the acquisition and negotiation of the Rutgers License, on February 13,
1997, the Company agreed to issue to each of Samuel P. Wertheimer, Ph.D. and
Carl Spana, Ph.D., warrants to purchase 6,375 shares of Common Stock at a price
of $6.00 per share. Such warrants may be exercised in whole or in part over a
seven-year period. In consideration of services rendered on behalf of the
Company in connection with the acquisition and negotiation of the Texas A&M
License, on February 13, 1997, the Company agreed to issue to Fred Mermelstein,
Ph.D., warrants to purchase 12,750 shares of Common Stock at a price of $6.00
per share.
Such warrants may be exercised in whole or in part over a seven-year period.
In July 1997, the Company issued warrants to purchase 45,000 shares of Common
Stock at an exercise price of $4.50 per share. Such warrants were issued in
consideration of services being rendered by the Company's real estate advisor
who is representing it in connection with the identification and negotiation of
potential biopharmaceutical clinical manufacturing sites throughout the country.
Such warrants shall vest upon the occurrence of certain milestones relating to
the establishment of clinical manufacturing sites, and may be exercised in whole
or in part over a five-year period.
Each of the foregoing warrants contain provisions that generally provide the
holders thereof certain antidilution protection in certain events (such as, but
not limited to, the occurrence of stock dividends, stock splits, mergers, sales
of all or substantially all of the Company's assets and sales of other preferred
stock at below market price) by adjustment of the applicable exercise price
and/or the number of shares issuable upon exercise of such warrants.
The Company is not required to issue fractional shares of Common Stock upon
exercise of any such warrants. In lieu thereof, an amount of cash equal to the
same fraction of the then current market value of a share of Common Stock will
be paid. No adjustment as to dividends will be made upon any exercise of any
such warrants. The holder of any such warrant will not have any rights as a
holder of Common Stock unless and until the applicable warrant is exercised.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
The Company has agreed under certain circumstances to register the shares of
Common Stock owned by TJU, Dr. Berd, VentureTek, L.P. and, Dr. Rosenwald. Under
terms of the agreements between the Company and the holders of such registrable
securities, generally, if the Company proposes to register any of its securities
under the Securities Act, either for its own account or for the account of other
securityholders exercising registration rights, such holders are entitled to
notice of such registration and are entitled to include such shares of Common
Stock therein. Holders of an aggregate of 50% of the shares of Common Stock
issuable upon exercise of the Series A Placement Warrants are entitled to
exercise their right to have the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise
thereof registered under the Securities Act at any time 180 days
51
<PAGE>
after the Company's initial public offering until August 31, 1999. Holders of
the Castelli and Shear/Kershman Warrants are entitled under certain
circumstances 18 months after the Company's initial public offering also to
require the Company to file a registration statement under the Securities Act at
the Company's expense with respect to their shares of Common Stock and the
Company is required to use its reasonable best efforts to effect such
registration. Such rights are subject to certain conditions and limitations,
including the right of the underwriter of an offering of the Common Stock to
limit the number of shares included in such registration in certain
circumstances. The holders of the Meyerson Warrants and holders of any shares of
Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Meyerson Warrants ("Meyerson Shares")
are entitled, during the period commencing October 24, 1998, and ending October
24, 2001, upon the request of at least 51% of the collective holders of the
unexercised Meyerson Warrants and the Meyerson Shares, to require the Company to
file a registration statement under the Securities Act at the Company's expense
with respect to the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the
Meyerson Warrants. Holders of the Meyerson Warrants and Meyerson Shares are also
entitled to certain piggyback registration rights during the same period.
Holders of the Rutgers Warrants are entitled to piggyback registration rights in
any registrations subsequent to the first public offering by the Company.
Registered representatives of Paramount that may have had registration rights
with respect to their ownership of shares of Common Stock (including shares of
Common Stock issuable upon conversion of shares of Series B Preferred Stock,
including shares of Series B Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of any
Placement Warrants), have waived their rights to have such Common Stock included
in the Registration Statement at this time and are not participating in the
Offering.
TRANSFER AGENT
The Transfer Agent for the shares of Common Stock is UMB Bank of Missouri.
52
<PAGE>
SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS
The following table sets forth as of July 10, 1997, the date of the
commencement of the Offering, (i) the name of each Selling Securityholder, (ii)
the amount of shares of Common Stock owned, whether outstanding or issuable, by
such holder before the Offering, (iii) the amount of shares of Common Stock
which may be offered by each Selling Securityholder and (iv) the amount and
percentage of shares of Common Stock to be owned by each such holder following
the completion of the Offering. The amounts of Common Stock set forth above,
below the caption "Amount to be Offered," represent the aggregate number of
shares of (A) Common Stock owned by each Selling Stockholder, (B) Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock owned by each Selling
Securityholder, (C) Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B
Placement Warrants and (D) Common Stock issuable upon exercise of conversion of
the Bridge Placement Warrants (assuming for (B)-(D) the initial
conversion/exercise rates under the terms of the Series B Preferred Stock, the
Series B Placement Warrants and the Bridge Placement Warrants, respectively), in
each case as of July 10, 1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage
Shares Owned Amount to Shares Owned Owned after
Selling Securityholder (1) prior to Offering be Offered after Offering Offering
- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
The 1992 Houston Partnership, L.P. 13,293 13,293 0 *
The A.M. Group L.L.C. 33,234 33,234 0 *
Todd D. Aaron, M.D. 6,646 6,646 0 *
Leonard J. Adams 26,587 26,587 0 *
Ross D. Ain 2,658 2,658 0 *
Kenneth G. Alberstadt 1,747 1,747 0 *
Meir Aliakim 102,760 102,760 0 *
Amram Kass P.C. Defined Benefit Pension 13,293 13,293 0 *
Plan
George Anagnos 6,646 6,646 0 *
Josephine G. Anagnos 6,646 6,646 0 *
Steven Anagnos 6,646 6,646 0 *
Ansec Corp. 53,175 53,175 0 *
The Aries Domestic Fund, L.P. (2) 125,088 125,088 0 *
The Aries Fund, A Cayman Island Trust (2) 234,373 234,373 0 *
Rajiv Bahl 6,646 6,646 0 *
BAM of NY, Inc. Defined Benefit Pension 33,234 33,234 0 *
Plan
Martin Bandier 13,293 13,293 0 *
Banque SCS Alliance (2) 27,109 27,109 0 *
Banque Franck S.A. 26,587 26,587 0 *
Banque Unigestion 79,762 79,762 0 *
Banque Unigestion 39,881 39,881 0 *
Amnon Barness & Caren H. Barness, 6,646 6,646 0 *
JTWROS
Alan R. Batkin 13,293 13,293 0 *
Laurie and Steven Beane 6,646 6,646 0 *
Mark Berg 66,468 66,468 0 *
David J. Bershad 53,175 53,175 0 *
Biowave Investment Partners 13,293 13,293 0 *
Bishops Merchant Group Limited 26,587 26,587 0 *
John V. Bivona 11,964 11,964 0 *
Marcy Blender, Alan Blender 3,988 3,988 0 *
JTWROS
Blair Foster & Co., Inc. (2) 965 965 0 *
Elliott Broidy 26,587 26,587 0 *
Seymour Buehler 6,250 6,250 0 *
Patrick J. Callahan 6,646 6,646 0 *
M. Rafael Gonzalez Calvillo 2,658 2,658 0 *
Carlos Plancarte Garcia N., Leonor P. De 6,646 6,646 0 *
Morian, JTWROS
Gabriel M. Cerrone 51,000 51,000 0 *
Chana Sasha Foundation 26,587 26,587 0 *
</TABLE>
53
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage
Shares Owned Amount to Shares Owned Owned after
Selling Securityholder (1) prior to Offering be Offered after Offering Offering
- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Andrew and Barbara Cichelli 6,646 6,646 0 *
Cinco de Mayo, Ltd. 13,293 13,293 0 *
Roger and Margaret Coleman 6,646 6,646 0 *
Colony Partners, A California General 13,293 13,293 0 *
Partnership
Robert J. Conrads 13,293 13,293 0 *
Cook & CIE SA 106,350 106,350 0 *
Lilia Cordero de Adame, Lilia M.A. Olvera, 13,293 13,293 0 *
JTWROS
Archibald Cox, Jr. 53,175 53,175 0 *
Credit Lyonnais Suisse (SA) 79,762 79,762 0 *
David Trust 2,658 2,658 0 *
DBRN Securities Inc. 26,587 26,587 0 *
Elke R. de Ramirez 2,658 2,658 0 *
Nathan P. Diamond 6,646 6,646 0 *
Donald G. Drapkin 66,468 66,468 0 *
M. Robert Dussler 1,329 1,329 0 *
Eastside Investment Partners 13,293 13,293 0 *
Elena Edelstein and Marcus Edelstein 6,646 6,646 0 *
Edgewater Private Equity Fund, LP 97,718 66,468 31,250 *
EDN Equities 53,175 53,175 0 *
Ariel Elia 6,646 6,646 0 *
Howard Ellis 2,658 2,658 0 *
Etablissement Occramis 13,293 13,293 0 *
Europa International, Inc. 13,293 13,293 0 *
Joseph A. Fabiani, M.D. 26,190 19,940 6,250 *
Faisal Finance 53,175 53,175 0 *
Laurence D. Fink 53,175 53,175 0 *
Steven B. Fink 6,646 6,646 0 *
Finterbank Zuerich 26,587 26,587 0 *
Firebird Overseas, Ltd. 12,750 12,750 0 *
Alan Fisher 11,964 11,964 0 *
Norman J. Fisher 12,750 12,750 0 *
Joseph H. Flom 13,293 13,293 0 *
Hans-Wolfgang Frick 26,587 26,587 0 *
James P. Frickleton and James R. Bartimus 26,587 26,587 0 *
Michael J. Garnick 50,750 38,250 12,500 *
Marc Gelman 76,500 76,500 0 *
Joseph Giamanco 53,175 53,175 0 *
Richard Goldberg 13,293 13,293 0 *
Harold S. Goldstein 6,646 6,646 0 *
Golex Holding 53,175 53,175 0 *
Ofelia Anton Gomez 5,317 5,317 0 *
Michael J. Gordon 3,323 3,323 0 *
Robert P. Gordon 13,293 13,293 0 *
Peter Grabler 3,323 3,323 0 *
Robert J. Granovsky 13,293 13,293 0 *
Greenwood Partners 66,468 66,468 0 *
James & Nancy Grosfeld, tenants by 53,175 53,175 0 *
entireties
Peter Grossman 6,646 6,646 0 *
Stuart Gruber 26,587 26,587 0 *
Erez & Elyse Halevah 13,293 13,293 0 *
Yonah J. Hamlet, MD, Trustee FBO Yonah 9,771 9,771 0 *
J. Hamlet, MD Profit Sharing Plan Dtd.
1/1/86
Harpel Family Partnership 66,468 66,468 0 *
Thomas O. Hecht 13,293 13,293 0 *
Chaim Herman and Denise Herman 2,658 2,658 0 *
Gary Herman 13,293 13,293 0 *
Jack Hirschfield 3,323 3,323 0 *
</TABLE>
54
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage
Shares Owned Amount to Shares Owned Owned after
Selling Securityholder (1) prior to Offering be Offered after Offering Offering
- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
The Holding Company 26,587 26,587 0 *
Jeffrey C. Hoos 6,646 6,646 0 *
Irving Huber and Charlotte Huber 6,646 6,646 0 *
IASD Health Services Corp. 53,175 53,175 0 *
Mark & Rebecca Ingerman 13,293 13,293 0 *
J.F. Shea Co., Inc. as Nominee 1996-21 53,175 53,175 0 *
Jackson Hole Investments Acquisitions, 26,587 26,587 0 *
L.P.
Peter L. Jensen 13,293 13,293 0 *
John Osterweis TTEE Osterweis Revocable 6,646 6,646 0 *
Trust dtd 9-13-93
James D. Judd 16,418 13,293 3,125 *
Hyman R. Kahn 26,587 26,587 0 *
Patrick M. Kane 6,646 6,646 0 *
Robert S. Kapito 26,587 26,587 0 *
Donald R. Kendall, Jr. 7,976 7,976 0 *
Daniel Kessel, M.D. 29,712 26,587 3,125 *
Ida Kessel 9,771 6,646 3,125 *
Lawrence J. Kessel 29,712 26,587 3,125 *
Keys Foundation, Curacao, Netherlands, 26,587 26,587 0 *
Antilles
Robert Klein, M.D. 26,587 26,587 0 *
Robert Knox 13,293 13,293 0 *
Arthur or Sean Kohn 13,293 13,293 0 *
Charles Koppelman 26,587 26,587 0 *
Ira L. Kotel 8,880 8,880 0 *
Ted Koutsoubos 26,587 26,587 0 *
Michael and Nicole Kubin 26,587 26,587 0 *
Vincent P. Lambriola 6,646 6,646 0 *
Larich Associates 39,881 39,881 0 *
Legong Investments N.V. 106,350 106,350 0 *
Albert Lemer 6,646 6,646 0 *
Susan Tauber Lemor 6,646 6,646 0 *
Gregory Lenchner 16,885 10,635 6,250 *
Gregory S. Lenchner and Donna Lenchner, 9,305 9,305 0 *
Jointly
Harvey Lenchner 5,317 5,317 0 *
Michael Lenchner 1,329 1,329 0 *
Henry N. Lieberman 13,293 13,293 0 *
Lifelines Care, Inc. 9,305 9,305 0 *
Frank T. Lincoln, Jr. 13,293 13,293 0 *
The Lincoln Tax Advantaged, L.P. 26,587 26,587 0 *
Armand A. Lindenbaum 6,646 6,646 0 *
Lion Tower Corporation 13,293 13,293 0 *
Beverly O. Lobell 12,750 12,750 0 *
J. Jay Lobell 25,500 25,500 0 *
John L. Loeb, Jr. 6,646 6,646 0 *
Luxembrella - All Around Int'l 53,175 53,175 0 *
Herbert M. Lyman 9,146 6,646 2,500 *
The M.L. Lawrence Trust 79,762 79,762 0 *
Marathon Agents Profit Sharing 6,646 6,646 0 *
Michael P. Marcus 53,175 53,175 0 *
Alfons Melohn 76,500 76,500 0 *
Arden Merback 3,323 3,323 0 *
Joseph Merback (2) 3,860 3,860 0 *
Josef Mermelstein 26,587 26,587 0 *
Albert Milstein 13,293 13,293 0 *
Mary Y.Y. Mo 6,646 6,646 0 *
Michael Y.Q. Mo 6,646 6,646 0 *
Zhong-Liang Mo 13,293 13,293 0 *
Richard Molinsky 12,750 12,750 0 *
</TABLE>
55
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage
Shares Owned Amount to Shares Owned Owned after
Selling Securityholder (1) prior to Offering be Offered after Offering Offering
- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
The Monument Trust Company Limited 26,587 26,587 0 *
Roberto Gonzalez Moreno 26,587 26,587 0 *
Alfred D. Morgan, Trust Administrator 6,646 6,646 0 *
(Trustee) / Margaret Goldwater, Trustee
Robert Mosberg 6,646 6,646 0 *
Eli Moshen 3,323 3,323 0 *
Mova Investments Limited 26,587 26,587 0 *
Arnold Mullen 13,293 13,293 0 *
Arthur J. Nagle 6,646 6,646 0 *
Mechie Nebenzahl 13,293 13,293 0 *
P. Sherrill Neff 6,646 6,646 0 *
New Jersey Wolfson Trust 345,637 345,637 0 *
Kevin P. Newman 3,323 3,323 0 *
Nikki Establishment For Fashion & 13,293 13,293 0 *
Marketing Research
Old Oly, J.V. 13,293 13,293 0 *
Paul D. and Rebecca L. Ostrovsky 6,646 6,646 0 *
Steven N. Ostrovsky 6,646 6,646 0 *
P.A.W. Offshore Fund, Ltd. 26,587 26,587 0 *
Palmetto Partners, Ltd. 39,881 39,881 0 *
John Pappajohn 85,675 53,175 32,500 *
Mark D. Pesonen 13,293 13,293 0 *
Maria Pierce 6,646 6,646 0 *
Porter Partners, L.P. 53,175 53,175 0 *
Charles Potter 6,646 6,646 0 *
Tis Prager 6,646 6,646 0 *
Privat Kredit Bank, Lugano 159,525 159,525 0 *
Propp & Company, Inc. (2) 6,803 6,803 0 *
Abel Quezada Rueda, Mercedes P. Quezada 3,988 3,988 0 *
JTWRS
Michael S. Resnick 6,646 6,646 0 *
Rick Steiner Productions, Inc. 7,976 7,976 0 *
Todd M. Roberts 8,853 8,853 0 *
Linda Gosden Robinson 39,881 39,881 0 *
Rosemary Cass Ltd. Pension Plan 5,317 5,317 0 *
J. Philip Rosen 13,293 13,293 0 *
Paul H. Rosen 2,658 2,658 0 *
Ervin Rosenfeld 26,587 26,587 0 *
Martine Rothblatt 6,646 6,646 0 *
Jeffrey Rothenberg DDS 7,976 7,976 0 *
David W. Ruttenberg 6,646 6,646 0 *
S&M Investments 6,646 6,646 0 *
Leeor Sabbah 79,762 79,762 0 *
M.D. Sabbah 132,937 132,937 0 *
Sagres Group Ltd. 212,700 212,700 0 *
Wayne Saker 26,587 26,587 0 *
Scott G. Sandler 19,940 19,940 0 *
Sarah Trust 2,658 2,658 0 *
Savenna Consultants, Inc. (2) 4,043 4,043 0 *
Roy and Marlena Schaeffer 13,293 13,293 0 *
Howard Schain 13,293 13,293 0 *
Carl M. Schechter 6,646 6,646 0 *
Robin Schlaff 6,646 6,646 0 *
Ralph Schlosstein 26,587 26,587 0 *
Andrew W. Schonzeit 6,646 6,646 0 *
Schwendiman Global Sector Fund L.P. 13,293 13,293 0 *
Scoggin Capital Management, L.P. 39,881 39,881 0 *
Roberto Segovia 5,317 5,317 0 *
Lori Shapero 13,293 13,293 0 *
Leonard P. Shaykin 13,293 13,293 0 *
</TABLE>
56
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage
Shares Owned Amount to Shares Owned Owned after
Selling Securityholder (1) prior to Offering be Offered after Offering Offering
- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
The Sheila Davis Lawrence Revocable 26,587 26,587 0 *
Trust
L. Kevin Sheridan, Jr. 7,105 7,105 0 *
Martin Sirotkin 16,418 13,293 3,125 *
Bruce Slovin 66,468 66,468 0 *
South Ferry #2, L.P. 303,375 303,375 0 *
Aaron Speisman 6,646 6,646 0 *
Aaron Speisman custodian for Jennifer 6,375 6,375 0 *
Speisman
Aaron Speisman custodian for Joshua 6,375 6,375 0 *
Speisman
William M. Spencer III 26,587 26,587 0 *
Neil and Laurie Spindel 13,293 13,293 0 *
John L. Steffens 26,587 26,587 0 *
Dr. Edward L. Steinberg 6,375 6,375 0 *
Catherine Steinmann 6,646 6,646 0 *
Gabriel Steinmann 6,646 6,646 0 *
Jennifer Steinmann 6,646 6,646 0 *
Joshua Steinmann 6,646 6,646 0 *
Gary J. Strauss 13,293 13,293 0 *
Strome Partners, L.P. 265,875 265,875 0 *
Kaveh Taleghani 6,646 6,646 0 *
Hindy H. Taub 6,646 6,646 0 *
Herman Tauber 39,087 39,087 0 *
Myron M. Teitelbaum, M.D. 16,021 16,021 0 *
Termtec, Ltd. 13,293 13,293 0 *
Patricia & Erich Theissen 2,658 2,658 0 *
Mitchell Troyetsky 6,646 6,646 0 *
Thomas R. Ulie (2) 14,076 14,076 0 *
Joseph A. Umbach 13,293 13,293 0 *
United Congregations Mesora 26,587 26,587 0 *
Dan Valahu 6,646 6,646 0 *
Valor Capital Management, L.P. 13,293 13,293 0 *
William J. Vanden Heuvel 6,250 6,250 0 *
Andre Visser (2) 28,152 28,152 0 *
Vivaldi, Ltd. 53,175 53,175 0 *
W & P Bank & Trust Company Ltd. 53,175 53,175 0 *
Allan Warshawsky 6,646 6,646 0 *
Michael Weiner, M.D. 2,658 2,658 0 *
Mark E. Weiss 6,646 6,646 0 *
The M and B Weiss Family Limited 53,175 53,175 0 *
Partnership of 1996
Robert J. Whetten 26,587 26,587 0 *
Whitcome Family Trust 26,587 26,587 0 *
Tim Winans 6,646 6,646 0 *
Wisdom Tree Associates, LP 39,881 39,881 0 *
Alan Wise/Teri Wise, Jointly 6,646 6,646 0 *
Andrew B. Woldow 6,646 6,646 0 *
James D. Wolfensohn 25,000 25,000 0 *
Aaron Wolfson 26,587 26,587 0 *
Abraham Wolfson 26,587 26,587 0 *
Wolfson Descendents' 1983 Trust 132,937 132,937 0 *
Worldwide Consultants and Finance Ltd. 26,587 26,587 0 *
Peter Young 4,865 4,865 0 *
Richard A. Young 6,646 6,646 0 *
Robert J. Young 6,646 6,646 0 *
Zapco Holdings Settlement 6,646 6,646 0 *
Uzi Zucker 13,293 13,293 0 *
TOTAL 7,154,663 7,047,788 106,875 1.11%
</TABLE>
- ----------
* Represents less than 1.0 %.
57
<PAGE>
(1) Unless otherwise indicated, includes all shares of Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock at the reset
conversion rate of $3.83 per share. See "Description of
Securities--Series B Preferred Stock."
(2) Includes Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series
B Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series B Placement
Warrants.
Each Selling Securityholder may, but is not required to, sell all of the shares
of Common Stock shown in the column entitled "Amount of Shares to be Offered"
subject, in certain instances, to lock-up provisions. See "Description of
Securities -- Lock-Up Agreements." The Selling Securityholders and any
broker-dealers that act in connection with the sale of the Common Stock as
principals may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the meaning of Section
2(11) of the Securities Act and any commission received by them and any profit
on the resale of such securities as principals might be deemed to be
underwriting discounts and commissions under the Act. The Selling
Securityholders may agree to indemnify any agent, dealer or broker-dealer that
participates in transactions involving sales of such securities certain
liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act. The Company
will not receive any proceeds from the sales of the Common Stock by the Selling
Securityholders, although the Company may receive proceeds from the exercise of
the Placement Warrants. Sales of the shares of Common Stock by the Selling
Securityholders, or even the potential sale of such shares, may have an adverse
effect on the market price of the Common Stock.
At the time a particular offer for Common Stock is made, as herein contemplated,
by or on behalf of the Selling Securityholder, to the extent required, a
Prospectus will be distributed by the Selling Securityholder which will set
forth the number of shares of Common Stock being offered and the terms of the
Offering, including the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, if
any, and to the extent that an underwriter is involved, the purchase price paid
by any underwriter for shares purchased from the Selling Securityholder and any
discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.
Except as noted below, none of the Selling Securityholders named in the
preceding table has had any position, office or other material relationship with
the Company or any of its affiliates within the past three years. The Aries
Domestic Fund, L.P. and The Aries Fund, A Cayman Island Trust are private
investment funds managed by Dr. Lindsay A. Rosenwald, a substantial shareholder
and former director of the Company and the sole owner of Paramount. See "Certain
Transactions."
58
<PAGE>
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALES
Upon completion of the Offering, the Company will have 12,300,125 shares of
Common Stock outstanding or issuable upon the conversion of the Series B
Preferred Stock, the exercise of all outstanding or issuable options and
warrants as of the date of this prospectus. Of these shares, the 7,047,788
shares registered in the Offering will be freely tradeable without restriction
or further registration under the Securities Act, except that (i) any shares
purchase by "affiliates" of the Company, as the term is defined under the
Securities Act ("Affiliates"), may generally only be sold in compliance with the
limitations of Rule 144 described below and (ii) that such registered shares may
be subject to certain lock-up provisions discussed below. In addition, the
Company believes that the approximately 1,175,748 shares of Common Stock may be
eligible for sale without restriction or further registration under the
Securities Act, subject to certain requirements. See "Risk Factors--Potential
Adverse Effect of Shares Eligible For Future Sales." The Company has a Stock
Option Plan under which 437,500 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for
issuance, and has also reserved 941,372 shares of Common Stock for issuance
pursuant to the employment arrangements among the Company and Dr. Jonas, Mr.
Tousley, Dr. Yankee and two other non-executive employees.
SALES OF RESTRICTED SHARES
The Company believes that 2,172,095 shares of Common Stock are "restricted
securities" and under certain circumstances may, in the future, be sold in
compliance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act, unless they are held by
"affiliates" of the Company (as that term is used under the Securities Act).
Assuming the availability of Rule 144, the Company believes that of the
2,172,095 "restricted" shares of Common Stock, approximately 1,175,748 shares of
Common Stock are eligible for sale and an additional (i) approximately 567,421
shares of Common Stock will be eligible for sale in 1997 and (ii) approximately
1,132,545 shares of Common Stock will be eligible in 1998, in each case pursuant
to Rule 144, so long as there is adequate current public information with
respect to the Company as contemplated by Rule 144, as well as, certain volume
limitations and manner of sale requirements imposed by Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, subject to the satisfaction
of certain other conditions, a person, including an affiliate of the Company,
who beneficially owned restricted shares of Common Stock for at least one year
is entitled to sell, within any three-month period, a number of shares that does
not exceed the greater of one percent of the total number of outstanding shares
of the same class, or the average weekly trading volume of the Common Stock on
the Nasdaq SmallCap Market during the four calendar weeks immediately preceding
the sale. A person who presently is not and who has not been an affiliate of the
Company for at least three months immediately preceding the sale and who has
beneficially owned the shares of Common Stock for at least two years is entitled
to sell such shares under Rule 144(k) without regard to the volume limitations
described above. Certain shares eligible for sale under Rule 144 remain subject
to certain lock-up restrictions. See "Lock-Up Agreements."
Prior to the Offering, there has been only a limited public market for the
Common Stock on the OTC Bulletin Board, and no predictions can be made of the
effect, if any, that the sale or availability for sale of restricted shares or
locked-up shares will have on the market price of the Common Stock on any market
upon which the Common Stock shall be listed. Nevertheless, sales of substantial
amounts of such shares in the public market, or the perception that such sales
could occur, could adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock and
could impair the Company's future ability to raise capital through an offering
of its equity securities.
For a description of the Company's outstanding warrants and options, see
"Description of Securities--1992 Stock Option Plan," "Other Options," and
"Warrants."
59
<PAGE>
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
A total of 7,047,788 shares of Common Stock are being directly offered for sale
by the Selling Securityholders to the public. The Selling Securityholders may,
but are not required to, sell, directly or through brokers, the shares of Common
Stock in negotiated transactions or in one or more transactions in the market at
the price prevailing at the time of sale. (Certain of the shares of Common Stock
may be subject to lock-up agreements. See "Description of Securities--Lock-Up
Agreements"). In connection with such sales, the Selling Securityholders and any
participating broker may be deemed to be "underwriters" of the shares of Common
Stock within the meaning of the Securities Act, although the offering of these
securities will not be underwritten by a broker-dealer firm. Sales in the market
may be made to broker-dealers making a market in the Common Stock or other
broker-dealers, and such broker-dealer, upon their resale of such securities,
may be deemed to be "Selling Securityholders" in this offering. The Company will
not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Common Stock by the Selling
Securityholders. Pursuant to the terms under which the Preferred Stock and
Placement Warrants were issued and sold, the Company has agreed to indemnify the
Selling Securityholders against such liabilities as they may incur as a result
of any untrue statement of a material fact in the Registration Statement of
which this Prospectus forms a part, or any omission herein or therein to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in the light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Such
indemnification includes liabilities that the Selling Securityholders may incur
under the Securities Act.
The Company will bear all costs and expenses of the registration under the
Securities Act and certain state securities laws of the Common Stock and any
discounts or commissions payable with respect to sales of such securities.
From time to time, this Prospectus will be supplemented and amended as required
by the Securities Act. During any time when a supplement or amendment is so
required, after notice from the Company, the Selling Securityholders are
required to cease sales until the Prospectus has been supplemented or amended.
The Selling Securityholders have advised the Company that they may sell,
directly or through brokers, all or a portion of the securities offered hereby
in negotiated transactions or in one or more transactions in the market at the
price prevailing at the time of sale. In connection with such sales, the Selling
Securityholders and any participating broker may be deemed to be "underwriters"
of the Common Stock within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933. It is
anticipated that usual and customary brokerage fees will be paid by the Selling
Securityholders in all open market transactions. The Company will pay all other
expenses of this Offering.
The Company has advised the Selling Securityholders that no NASD member
participating in the offering of the shares of Common Stock being offered hereby
by the Selling Securityholders may receive compensation in excess of 8% of the
proceeds of the sale of such shares. In addition, the terms and arrangements of
any underwritten offering must be filed with the NASD for its review pursuant to
Section 2710 of the NASD's Corporate Financing Rules.
The Company has informed the Selling Securityholders that the anti-manipulation
provisions of Regulation M promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
may apply to the sales of their shares offered hereby. The Company has advised
the Selling Securityholders of the requirement for delivery of this Prospectus
in connection with any sale of the Common Stock offered hereby.
Certain Selling Securityholders may from time to time purchase shares of Common
Stock in the open market. These Selling Securityholders have been notified that
they should not commence any distribution of Common Stock unless they have
terminated their purchasing and bidding for Common Stock in the open market as
provided in applicable securities regulations, including, without limitation,
Regulation M.
60
<PAGE>
EXPERTS
The financial statements of AVAX Technologies, Inc. (formerly Walden
Laboratories, Inc.), at December 31, 1996 and for the years ended December 31,
1995 and 1996, appearing in this Prospectus and Registration Statement, have
been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their
report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon
such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and
auditing.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Legal matters relating to the Offering will be passed upon for the Company by
Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel, a Professional Corporation, New York, New York,
counsel to the Company. Members of such firm beneficially own an aggregate of
26,585 shares of Common Stock assuming the conversion of all shares of Series B
Preferred Stock owned by them at the adjusted conversion price. All of such
shares of Common Stock owned directly or issuable upon conversion of shares of
Series B Preferred Stock are included in the Registration Statement.
61
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996 and the
six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 (Unaudited)
and for the period from January 12, 1990
(Incorporation) to June 30, 1997 (Unaudited)
Contents
Report of Independent Auditors...............................................F-1
Financial Statements
Balance Sheet as of December 31, 1996 and June 30, 1997 (Unaudited)..........F-2
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996;
for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 (Unaudited); and for the
period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997
(Unaudited)...............................................................F-3
Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) for the years ended
December 31, 1995 and 1996; for the six months ended June 30,
1997 (Unaudited); and for the period from January 12, 1990
(incorporation) to June 30, 1997 (Unaudited)..............................F-4
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1995
and 1996; for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997
(Unaudited); and for the period from January 12, 1990
(incorporation) to June 30, 1997 (Unaudited)..............................F-6
Notes to Financial Statements................................................F-8
<PAGE>
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.) (a development stage company) as of
December 31, 1996, and the related statements of operations, stockholders'
equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards required that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.) at December 31, 1996, and the results of
its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1995 and
1996, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Ernst & Young LLP
Kansas City, Missouri
January 29, 1997, except for Note 1
as to which the date is May 7, 1997
F-1
<PAGE>
F-2 AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Balance Sheets
December 31 June 30,
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997
---------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Assets (Unaudited)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 13,832,179 $ 9,707,661
Marketable securities 6,134,853 8,182,100
Common stock receivable from a related party (Note 2) 2,249,459 1,130,669
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 61,285 154,970
---------------------------
Total current assets 22,277,776 19,175,400
Furniture and equipment, at cost 45,777 71,689
Less accumulated depreciation 2,007 7,589
---------------------------
Net furniture and equipment 43,770 64,100
===========================
Total assets $ 22,321,546 $ 19,239,500
===========================
Liabilities and stockholders' equity Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Note 5) $ 277,677 $ 274,465
Amount payable to preferred stockholders' (Note 2 ) 2,156,106 1,083,747
Amount payable to Former Officer (Note 2) 93,353 46,922
---------------------------
Total current liabilities 2,527,136 1,405,134
Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)
Stockholders' equity (Notes 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9):
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value:
Authorized shares - 5,000,000, including Series B -
300,000 shares
Series B convertible preferred stock:
Issued and outstanding shares - 259,198 and 244,948 at December 31,
1996 and June 30, 1997, respectively (liquidation preference
$34,991,730 and $33,067,980 at December 31, 1996 and June 30, 1997,
respectively) 2,592 2,449
Common stock, $.004 par value:
Authorized shares - 50,000,000
Issued and outstanding shares - 3,111,158 and 3,518,250 at December 31,
1996 and June 30, 1997, respectively) 12,445 14,073
Additional paid-in capital 24,002,882 24,001,321
Subscription receivable (4,026) (2,280)
Deferred compensation (963,424) (828,874)
Unrealized loss on marketable securities (2,037) --
Deficit accumulated during the development stage (3,254,022) (5,352,323)
---------------------------
Total stockholders' equity 19,794,410 17,834,366
===========================
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity $ 22,321,546 $ 19,239,500
===========================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-2
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Statements of Operations
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from
January 12,
1990
(Incorporation)
Year ended Six months ended To
December 31 June 30, June 30,
1995 1996 1996 1997 1997)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Gain from sale of the
Product (Note 2) $ 1,951,000 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 1,951,000
Costs and expenses:
Research and
development 126,957 738,991 177,378 969,782 3,322,091
Marketing and selling -- -- -- -- 543,646
General and
administrative 302,800 1,253,395 282,881 1,591,878 4,430,014
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Total operating income
(loss) 1,521,243 (1,992,386) (460,259) (2,561,660) (6,344,751)
Other income (expense):
Interest income -- 819,324 171,238 544,597 1,423,590
Interest expense (96,962) (353,867) (206,222) (81,238) (576,930)
Other, net (43,710) (9,913) (9,834) -- 145,768
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other income
(expense) (140,672) 455,544 (44,818) 463,359 992,428
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income (loss) 1,380,571 (1,536,842) (505,077) (2,098,301) (5,352,323)
Amount payable for
liquidation (738,289) (1,131,744) (1,131,744) -- (1,870,033)
preference
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income (loss)
attributable to
common stockholders $ 642,282 $(2,668,586) $(1,636,821) $(2,098,301) $(7,222,356)
===================================================================
Net income (loss) per
common share $ .19 $ (.84) $ (.55) $ (.62)
=====================================================
Weighted average number
of shares outstanding
3,385,171 3,182,058 2,988,668 3,394,844
=====================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-3
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Series A Series B
Convertible Convertible
Preferred Stocks Preferred Stock Common Stock
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of common stock for services in
January 1990 -- $ -- -- $ -- 582,500 $ 2,330
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1990 -- -- -- -- 582,500 2,330
Issuance of common stock for services in -- -- -- -- 230,000 920
August 1991
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1991 -- -- -- -- 812,500 3,250
Conversion of note payable to related party
to common stock in June 1992 -- -- -- -- 22,913 92
Issuance of common stock for services in May
and June 1992 -- -- -- -- 264,185 1,056
Issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock, net of issuance cost in June, July
and September 1992 1,287,500 12,875 -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1992 1,287,500 12,875 -- -- 1,099,598 4,398
Issuance of common stock for services in July
and November 1993 -- -- -- -- 8,717 35
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1993 1,287,500 12,875 -- -- 1,108,315 4,433
Issuance of common stock for services in July
1994 -- -- -- -- 3,750 15
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1994 1,287,500 12,875 -- -- 1,112,065 4,448
Common stock returned and canceled in April
and May 1995 -- -- -- -- (307,948) (1,232)
Shares issued in September and November 1995 -- -- -- -- 1,777,218 7,109
Amount payable for liquidation preference -- -- -- -- -- --
Net income -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1995 1,287,500 12,875 -- -- 2,581,335 10,325
<CAPTION>
Deficit
Unrealized Accumulated Total
Additional Loss on During the Stockholders'
Paid-In Subscription Deferred Marketable Development Equity
Capital Receivable Compensation Securities Stage (Deficit)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of common stock for services in
January 1990 $ 920 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 3,250
Net loss -- -- -- -- (889) (889)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1990 920 -- -- -- (889) 2,361
Issuance of common stock for services in
August 1991 5,830 -- -- -- -- 6,750
Net loss -- -- -- -- (97,804) (97,804)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1991 6,750 -- -- -- (98,693) (88,693)
Conversion of note payable to related party
to common stock in June 1992 160,465 -- -- -- -- 160,557
Issuance of common stock for services in May
and June 1992 6,444 -- -- -- -- 7,500
Issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock, net of issuance cost in June, July
and September 1992 2,258,837 -- -- -- -- 2,271,712
Net loss -- -- -- -- (607,683) (607,683)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1992 2,432,496 -- -- -- (706,376) 1,743,393
Issuance of common stock for services in July
and November 1993 24,965 -- -- -- -- 25,000
Net loss -- -- -- -- (1,610,154) (1,610,154)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1993 2,457,461 -- -- -- (2,316,530) 158,239
Issuance of common stock for services in July
1994 4,485 -- -- -- -- 4,500
Net loss -- -- -- -- (781,221) (781,221)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1994 2,461,946 -- -- -- (3,097,751) (618,482)
Common stock returned and canceled in April
and May 1995 -- -- -- -- -- (1,232)
Shares issued in September and November 1995 -- (7,109) -- -- -- --
Amount payable for liquidation preference (738,289) -- -- -- -- (738,289)
Net income -- -- -- -- 1,380,571 1,380,571
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1995 1,723,657 (7,109) -- -- (1,717,180) 22,568
</TABLE>
F-4
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Continued)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Series A Series B
Convertible Convertible
Preferred Stocks Preferred Stock Common Stock
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Repurchase of common stock in March 1996 -- $ -- -- $ -- (77,901) $ (312)
Payment of subscription receivable -- -- -- -- -- --
Conversion of Series A preferred in June
1996 (1,287,500) (12,875) -- -- 321,875 1,288
Issuance of common stock and Series B
preferred stock in a private placement
in May and June 1996 -- -- 258,198 2,582 129,099 516
Issuance of common stock and Series B
preferred stock for services in
June 1996 -- -- 1,000 10 500 2
Exercise of warrants in June and July
1996 -- -- -- -- 156,250 626
Amount payable for liquidation preference -- -- -- -- -- --
Compensation related to stock options
granted in May and September 1996 -- -- -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation -- -- -- -- -- --
Unrealized loss on marketable securities -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 -- -- 259,198 2,592 3,111,158 12,445
Payment of subscription receivable -- -- -- -- -- --
Exercise of warrants in April and June
1997 -- -- -- -- 49,770 199
Conversions of preferred to common stock
in June 1997 -- -- (14,250) (143) 357,336 1,429
Repurchase of fractional shares -- -- -- -- (14) --
Realization of loss on marketable
securities -- -- -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
===============================================================================
Balance at June 30, 1997 (Unaudited) -- $ -- 244,948 $ 2,449 3,518,250 $ 14,073
===============================================================================
<CAPTION>
Deficit
Unrealized Accumulated Total
Additional Loss on During the Stockholders'
Paid-In Subscription Deferred Marketable Development Equity
Capital Receivable Compensation Securities Stage (Deficit)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Repurchase of common stock in March 1996 $ -- $ 312 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Payment of subscription receivable -- 2,771 -- -- -- 2,771
Conversion of Series A preferred in June
1996 11,587 -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock and Series B
preferred stock in a private placement
in May and June 1996 22,217,397 -- -- -- -- 22,220,495
Issuance of common stock and Series B
preferred stock for services in
June 1996 99,988 -- -- -- 100,000
Exercise of warrants in June and July
1996 5,624 -- -- -- 6,250
Amount payable for liquidation preference (1,131,744) -- -- -- (1,131,744)
Compensation related to stock options
granted in May and September 1996 1,076,373 -- (1,076,373) -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation -- -- 112,949 -- 112,949
Unrealized loss on marketable securities -- -- -- (2,037) -- (2,037)
Net loss -- -- -- -- (1,536,842) (1,536,842)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 24,002,882 (4,026) (963,424) (2,037) (3,254,022) 19,794,410
Payment of subscription receivable -- 1,746 -- -- -- 1,746
Exercise of warrants in April and June
1997 (199) -- -- -- -- --
Conversions of preferred to common stock
in June 1997 (1,286) -- -- -- --
Repurchase of fractional shares (76) -- -- -- -- (76)
Realization of loss on marketable
securities -- -- -- 2,037 -- 2,037
Amortization of deferred compensation -- -- 134,550 -- 134,550
Net loss -- -- -- -- (2,098,301) (2,098,301)
==========================================================================================
Balance at June 30, 1997 (Unaudited) $ 24,001,321 $ (2,280) $ (828,874) $ -- $ (5,352,323) $ 17,834,366
==========================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-5
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Statements of Cash Flows
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from
January 12, 1990
(Incorporation) To
Year ended December 31, Six months ended June 30, June 30,
1995 1996 1996 1997 1997
------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Operating activities
Net income (loss) $ 1,380,571 $(1,536,842) $(505,077) $(2,098,301) $ (5,352,323)
Adjustments to reconcile net
income (loss) to net cash
used in operating
activities:
Depreciation and
amortization 44,942 164,865 59,471 140,132 370,393
Gain from sale of the
Product (1,951,000) -- -- -- (1,951,000)
Gain on sale of
intellectual property (787) -- -- -- (787)
Accretion of interest on
common stock receivable -- (298,459) (150,975) (81,210) (379,669)
Accretion of interest
on amount payable to
preferred stockholders
and Former Officer -- 298,459 150,975 81,210 379,669
Loss on sale or
abandonment of
furniture and equipment -- 8,156 8,156 -- 37,387
Issuance of common stock
for services -- 100,000 -- -- 147,000
Changes in operating assets
and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and
other current assets -- (61,285) (12,793) (93,685) (154,970)
Accounts payable and
accrued liabilities 231,756 2,933 (36,415) (3,212) 274,465
Amount payable to
Former Officer 80,522 -- -- -- 80,522
------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash used in operations (213,996) (1,322,173) (486,658) (2,055,066) (6,549,313)
Investing activities
Purchase of marketable
securities and short-term
investments -- (6,136,890) -- (4,000,000) (11,116,472)
Proceeds from sale of
short-term investments -- -- -- 1,954,790 2,934,372
Purchases of furniture and
equipment -- (45,777) -- (25,912) (137,623)
Proceeds from sale of
furniture and equipment -- -- -- -- 4,600
Organization costs incurred -- -- -- -- (1,358)
------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash used in investing
activities -- (6,182,667) -- (2,071,122) (8,316,481)
</TABLE>
F-6
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from
January 12, 1990
(Incorporation)
Year ended December 31, Six months ended June 30, To June 30,
1995 1996 1996 1997 1997
---------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of
notes payable to related
party $ -- $ -- $ -- $ $ 957,557
Principal payments on notes
payable to related party -- (207,000) (207,000) -- (797,000)
Proceeds from loans payable 600,000 400,000 400,000 -- 1,389,000
Principal payments on loans
payable (339,000) (1,050,000) (1,050,000) -- (1,389,000)
Payments for fractional
shares from reverse
splits and preferred
stock conversions -- -- -- (76) (76)
Financing costs incurred (54,000) (36,000) (36,000) -- (90,000)
Payments received on
subscription receivable -- 2,771 208 1,746 4,517
Proceeds received from
exercise of stock
warrants -- 6,250 375 -- 6,250
Net proceeds received from
issuance of preferred
and common stock -- 22,220,495 22,347,403 -- 24,492,207
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by
financing activities 207,000 21,336,516 21,454,986 1,670 24,573,455
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Net (decrease) increase in
cash and cash equivalents (6,996) 13,831,676 20,968,328 (4,124,518) 9,707,661
Cash and cash equivalents
at beginning of period 7,499 503 503 13,832,179 --
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents
at end of period $ 503 $ 13,832,179 $ 20,968,831 $ 9,707,661 $ 9,707,661
=====================================================================
Supplemental Disclosure of
Cash Flow Information:
Interest paid $ 8,338 $ 157,721 $ 157,721 $ -- $ 197,072
=====================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes
F-7
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
AVAX Technologies, Inc. (formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.) (the Company) is a
development stage biopharmaceutical company. The Company changed its name to
AVAX Technologies, Inc. effective March 26, 1996.
In November 1995, the Company sold its leading product under development, an
over-the-counter nutritional, dietary, medicinal and/or elixorative food
supplement or drug and all of the related patents and other intellectual
property (the Product) (see Note 2).
Also in November 1995, the Company entered into a license agreement with the
Thomas Jefferson University (TJU) to develop, commercially manufacture and sell
products embodying immunotherapeutic vaccines for the treatment of malignant
melanoma and other carcinomas (the Invention) (see Note 3).
In December 1996, the Company entered into a license agreement with Rutgers
University (Rutgers) to develop, commercially manufacture and sell products
embodying a series of compounds for the treatment of cancer and infectious
diseases (the Rutgers Compounds) (see Note 3).
In February 1997, the Company entered into a license agreement with Texas A&M to
develop, commercially manufacture and sell products embodying a series of
compounds for the treatment of cancer (The Texas A&M Compounds) (see Note 3).
The Company's business is subject to significant risks consistent with
biotechnology companies that are developing products for human therapeutic use.
These risks include, but are not limited to, uncertainties regarding research
and development, access to capital, obtaining and enforcing patents, receiving
regulatory approval, and competition with other biotechnology and pharmaceutical
companies. The Company plans to continue to finance its operations with a
combination of equity and debt financing and, in the longer term, revenues from
product sales, if any. However, there can be no assurance that it will
successfully develop any product or, if it does, that the product will generate
any or sufficient revenues.
F-8
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Interim Financial Statements
The interim financial statements at June 30, 1997 and for the six months ended
June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation)
to June 30, 1997 are unaudited; however, in the opinion of management, all
adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair
presentation have been included. Results of interim periods are not necessarily
indicative of results to be expected for the entire year.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual
results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments with a maturity of
three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At December 31,
1996, substantially all cash and cash equivalents were held in one financial
institution.
Marketable Securities
Management determines the appropriate classification of debt securities at the
time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date.
Debt securities are classified as held-to-maturity when the Company has the
positive intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Held-to-maturity
securities are stated at amortized cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums
and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization and interest on
securities classified as held-to-maturity are included in interest income.
F-9
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Equity securities are classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale
securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net
of tax, reported in a separate component of stockholders' equity. Interest and
dividends on securities classified as available-for-sale are included in
interest income.
The following is a summary of marketable securities at December 31, 1996 and
June 30, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unrealized Estimated
Description of Securities Cost Loss Fair Value
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
December 31, 1996 Held-to-maturity debt securities:
Commercial paper $ -- $ -- $ --
U.S. Treasury securities 2,126,462 -- 2,126,462
Other U.S. government securities 2,000,000 -- 2,000,000
---------------------------------------------
4,126,462 -- 4,126,462
Available-for-sale:
Equity securities 2,010,428 (2,037) 2,008,391
---------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 $6,136,890 $(2,037) $ 6,134,853
=============================================
June 30, 1997 (Unaudited)
Held-to-maturity debt securities:
Commercial paper $4,000,000 $ -- $ 4,000,000
U.S. Treasury securities 2,182,100 -- 2,182,100
Other U.S. government securities 2,000,000 -- 2,000,000
---------------------------------------------
8,182,100 -- 8,182,100
Available-for-sale:
Equity securities -- -- --
---------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1997 (Unaudited) $8,182,100 $ -- $ 8,182,100
=============================================
</TABLE>
The Company's debt securities all mature in 1997.
F-10
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Depreciation
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated
useful lives of the furniture and equipment, which range from three to 10 years.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs, including payments related to patents and
license agreements, are expensed when incurred.
Deferred Costs
Financing costs are deferred and amortized over the period of the related debt.
Share Information
Prior to the first closing of a private placement on May 15, 1996 (see Note 4),
the Company effected a 1-for-2 reverse stock split of the Company's common
stock. Pursuant to an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation
dated May 7, 1997, a second 1-for-2 reverse split of the Company's common stock
was effected as of the close of business on May 13, 1997. All outstanding share
and per share amounts included in the accompanying financial statements have
been adjusted to reflect both 1-for-2 reverse stock splits.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Net income (loss) per share is based on net income (loss) divided by weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the respective
periods, retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. The weighted
average number of common shares outstanding have been calculated in accordance
with Staff Accounting Bulletin 83 (SAB 83) of the Securities and Exchange
Commission. SAB 83 requires that shares of common stock, warrants and options
issued one-year prior to the initial filing of a registration statement relating
to an initial public offering at amounts below the public
F-11
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
offering price be considered outstanding for all periods presented in the
Company's registration statement. For purposes of calculating the net income
(loss) per share, the private placement of Series B convertible preferred stock
(see Note 4) has been considered to be the equivalent of an initial public
offering, and the initial public offering price was determined to be $3.92 per
share by assuming that the preferred stock issued was immediately converted into
common stock. Series A convertible preferred stock, actually converted in June
1996, was included in the calculation of the weighted average number of shares
for the year ended December 31, 1995, as if converted.
The weighted average shares used in calculating supplementary net income (loss)
per share include the conversion of Series A preferred stock and the estimated
number of shares assumed to be sold by the Company (320,663.5 shares at $3.92
per share) to repay certain debt of $1,257,000. Net income (loss) per share
would have been $(.72) for the year ended December 31, 1996 and $(.44) and
$(.56) for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997, respectively, if the
said shares had been converted/issued at the beginning of the respective
periods.
Stock-Based Compensation
In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" (SFAS 123). SFAS 123 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 31, 1995 and prescribes accounting and reporting standards for all
stock-based compensation plans, including employee stock options, restricted
stock, employee stock purchase plans and stock appreciation rights. SFAS 123
requires compensation expense to be recorded (i) using the new fair value method
or (ii) using existing accounting rules prescribed by Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" (APB 25) and
related interpretations, with pro forma disclosure of what net income and
earnings per share would have been had the Company adopted the new fair value
method. The Company has elected to continue to account for its stock-based
compensation plans in accordance with the provisions of APB 25. Net income
(loss) and related per share amounts determined in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS 123 would not materially differ from amounts reported on the
accompanying statements of operations.
F-12
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
2. Sale of the Product
In December 1995, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the Product for
$2.4 million in shares of common stock of Interneuron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(IPI), a public company, the parent of the purchaser of the Product (the Stock).
Certain common stockholders of the Company are also common stockholders of IPI.
The purchase price, payable in two equal installments in December 1996 and 1997,
is fixed, and the number of shares of Stock will vary depending on the quoted
market price of the Stock at such time.
The first installment was paid on January 3, 1997 in the form of a distribution
of IPI stock directly by IPI to the Series A convertible preferred stockholders,
who were holders of record on the closing date of the agreement for sale, and
the Company's former President and Chief Executive Officer (the Former Officer).
Accordingly, the common stock receivable and the payables to preferred
stockholders and the Former Officer related to both installments are reported as
current assets and liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying balance
sheets.
The sale of the Product was approved by the Company's common and Series A
preferred stockholders subject to the following conditions:
o At approximately the same time each installment is received by the
Company, 95.85% of the Stock will be distributed by the Company, or
directly by IPI, to the Company's preferred stockholders of record
(referred to herein as the holders of Series A preferred stock) at
the time sale of the Product closed, on a pro rata basis, to reduce
their liquidation preference, provided, however, that if at the time
of each installment, any of the Company's indebtedness which had
been outstanding at the time of the closing of the agreement to sell
the Product (December 27, 1995) and is then due and payable, the
Company will cause such indebtedness to be paid or provided for,
whether by use of available cash, refinancing, redirecting a portion
of the Stock to satisfy such indebtedness, or otherwise, as the
Company shall determine in its best interest.
F-13
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
2. Sale of the Product (continued)
o The remaining 4.15% of the Stock (or a cash payment equal to the
value thereof) will be distributed to the Former Officer in partial
consideration for his resignation from the Company and the return to
the Company of all common stock of the Company and cancellation of
options to purchase 62,500 shares of common stock (see Note 8).
Other than for the Former Officer, none of the other common stockholders were
entitled to any of the Stock.
Because the Stock is receivable in two equal annual installments, the gain from
the sale of the Product, $1,951,000, was calculated by discounting the value of
the Stock receivable using a discount rate of 15%. In 1995, the Company also
recorded the difference between 95.85% of the discounted net present value of
the Stock to be received and the Company's indebtedness, $1,131,744 at December
31, 1995, as a payable to the preferred stockholders of $738,289 to reduce their
liquidation preference. The present value of the amount payable to the preferred
stockholders, including the accretion of interest thereon, is $2,156,106 at
December 31, 1996, since all of the Company's indebtedness outstanding as of the
date of the sale of the Product has been satisfied through sources other than
the Stock to be received. The present value of the amount payable to the
preferred stockholders, including the accretion of interest thereon, is
$1,083,747 at June 30, 1997, reduced by the payment of the first installment.
The discounted net present value of the Stock distributable to the Former
Officer as of the date of sale, amounting to $80,967, was allocated between
common stock ($445) and severance expense ($80,522) based on the fair value of
the Company's common stock ($.004 per share). The present value of the amount
payable to the Former Officer, including the accretion of interest thereon, is
$93,353 at December 31, 1996. The present value of the amount payable to the
Former Officer, including the accretion of interest thereon, is $46,922 at June
30, 1997, reduced by the payment of the first installment.
F-14
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
3. License and Research Agreements
In November 1995, the Company entered into an agreement with TJU for the
exclusive worldwide license to develop, manufacture and sell the Invention. The
Company paid cash of $10,000 as consideration for the license agreement. In
addition, the Company sold an aggregate of 458,243 shares of common stock at
$.004 per share (the fair value of the Company's common stock) to TJU and the
scientific founder (the Scientist). These shares have antidilution rights prior
to the first equity financing, as defined in the license agreement, in excess of
$1,000,000 by the Company.
Under terms of the license agreement, the Company is required to raise a minimum
of $500,000 of net operating capital by December 1996. Also under the terms of
the license agreement, (i) the Company is obligated to pay certain milestone
payments as follows: $10,000 upon initiation of the first clinical trial that is
approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or comparable international
agency, $10,000 upon the first filing of a New Drug Application (NDA) with the
FDA or comparable international agency, and $25,000 upon receipt by the Company
of approval from the FDA or comparable international agency to market products.
In addition, the Company is obligated to pay royalties on its worldwide net
sales revenue derived from the Invention and a percentage of all revenues
received from sublicensees of the Invention.
The Company also entered into a research agreement with TJU to fund a study to
be performed by TJU for the development of the technology related to the
Invention (the Study) at approximately $220,000 per annum for the first three
years. The Company, at its discretion, may reduce the funding in the third year
to no less than $100,000. Following the third year, the Company is obligated to
spend a minimum of $500,000 per year on the development of the Invention until
commercialized in the United States. If following the third year, the Company
files for United States marketing approval through a Company sponsored NDA, the
Company may elect to spend less than $500,000 per year on the development of the
Invention during the period of time the NDA is under review by the FDA. The
research agreement will continue until completion of the Study.
F-15
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
3. License and Research Agreements (continued)
In December 1996, the Company entered into an agreement with Rutgers for the
exclusive worldwide license to develop, manufacture and sell products embodying
the Rutgers Compounds. The Company paid cash of $15,000 as consideration for the
license agreement and has agreed to pay $15,000 in each subsequent year as a
license maintenance fee. The Company has agreed to fund direct research costs in
the amount of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) per year for the next
three years. In addition, the Company is obligated to spend an aggregate of
$200,000 in the first year, $300,000 in the second year and $500,000 each year
thereafter until the first year of commercial marketing of a product derived
from the Rutgers Compounds. The license maintenance fee shall not be payable in
years where research funding is equal to or greater than $100,000.
The Company has committed to the issuance of warrants to Rutgers to purchase
125,000 shares of common stock at a price of $8.24 per share based on the
achievement of certain development milestones. The first 75,000 warrants will
expire in 2006 and the final 50,000 warrants will expire in 2011. These
warrants, once issued, shall provide for cashless exercise, piggyback
registration rights and certain antidilution rights.
Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company is obligated to pay
certain milestone payments as follows: $15,000 on the earlier of October 31,
1999 or the date of first filing of an Investigational New Drug (IND)
application with the FDA, or comparable international agency; $25,000 on the
earlier of October 31, 2001 or the date of initiation of Phase II trials in the
United States or another major market country; $45,000 on the earlier of October
31, 2005 or the date of first filing of an NDA application with the FDA, or
comparable international agency; and $150,000 on the earlier of October 31, 2008
or the date of receipt by the Company of approval from the FDA, or comparable
international agency, to market products.
In addition, the Company is obligated to pay royalties on its worldwide net
sales revenue derived from the Rutgers Compounds and a percentage of all
revenues received from sublicensees of products derived from the Rutgers
Compounds. Such royalty payments shall be no less than $100,000 in the first
year of commercial marketing, $200,000 in the second year, $250,000 in the third
year, $300,000 in the fourth year, and $350,000 in the fifth and all following
years.
F-16
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
3. License and Research Agreements (continued)
In February 1997, the Company entered into an agreement with Texas A&M for the
exclusive worldwide license to develop, manufacture and sell products embodying
the Texas A&M Compounds. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company
has agreed to fund research in the amount of approximately $108,000 per year for
the next three years. The Company is also obligated to pay certain milestone
payments as follows: $24,000 upon initiation of certain toxicity evaluations;
$12,000 upon completion of toxicity evaluations demonstrating certain acceptable
toxicity levels; $12,000 upon the submission of an IND to the FDA, or comparable
international agency; $5,000 upon completion of the first Phase I clinical
investigation; and $15,000 upon the receipt by the Company of NDA approval from
the FDA to market products.
In addition, the Company is obligated to pay royalties on its worldwide net
sales revenue derived from the Compounds and a percentage of all revenues
received from sublicensees of products derived from the Compounds. Such royalty
payments shall be no less than $50,000 in the first year of commercial
marketing, $100,000 in the second year, $200,000 in the third year and all
following years.
4. Equity Transactions
Common and Preferred Stock
Common stock issued for services in the years 1990 through 1996 were recorded
based on the value of the services provided.
In April 1995, in accordance with the terms of his resignation and related
severance arrangements (see Note 8), the Former Officer returned 111,330 shares
of common stock and options to purchase 62,500 shares of common stock. The
common stock returned was valued at $.004 per share. The common stock and
options returned were canceled.
In May 1995, in accordance with the terms of a settlement agreement (see Note
8), with a former officer and director of the Company, the Company agreed to
release and relinquish any claim it may have on certain intellectual property,
excluding the Product, in exchange for 196,618 shares of the Company's common
stock owned by her and her family. The common stock was valued at $.004 per
share and was canceled.
F-17
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
4. Equity Transactions (continued)
On September 13, 1995, the Company issued 402,490 shares of common stock to
officers of the Company at $.004 per share.
On November 20, 1995, the Company issued an aggregate of 458,243 shares of
common stock at $.004 per share to TJU and the Scientist (see Note 3). In
addition, on November 20, 1995, the Company issued, in aggregate, an additional
916,485 shares to a principal stockholder, a third party designated by the
principal stockholder, and an officer, at $.004 per share.
On March 24, 1996, the Company repurchased 77,901 shares of common stock
previously issued to an officer at $.004 per share. The repurchased shares were
canceled.
In May 1996, the Company's authorized capital was increased to 50,000,000 shares
of common stock, par value $.004, and 5,000,000 shares (of which 2,500,000
shares were designated as Series A preferred stock and 300,000 shares were
designated as Series B preferred stock) of preferred stock, par value $.01.
Pursuant to a private placement in May and June 1996, the Company issued
258,198 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock. The preferred
stockholders also received 129,099 shares of common stock. The total
consideration was $25,819,800. The per share price allocated to common stock and
Series B convertible preferred stock was $1 and $99, respectively. In connection
with the private placement, the Company paid $3,357,000 in commissions and
nonaccountable expenses to the placement agent, a related party, and issued 500
shares of common stock and 1,000 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock
as consideration for legal services valued at $100,000. In addition, the
placement agent received warrants to purchase 25,819.8 shares of Series B
convertible preferred stock at an exercise price of $110 per share. Such
warrants are exercisable until June 11, 2006. Other share issuance expenses
amounted to $142,000.
The Series B preferred stockholders are entitled to voting rights equivalent to
the number of common shares into which their preferred shares are convertible.
The Series B preferred stockholders are also entitled to receive, in preference
to the holders of common stock, an amount per preferred share of $135 plus any
declared but unpaid dividends.
F-18
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
4. Equity Transactions (continued)
Each share of Series B preferred stock is convertible at any time, in whole or
in part, at the discretion of the holders, into common stock at $4 per share
(the Initial Conversion Price), which amounts to 6,479,950 shares at December
31, 1996. Twelve months after the final closing date (the Reset Date), the
Company may, at its option, cause conversion of the preferred stock, in whole or
in part, into common stock at the Initial Conversion Price if the closing price
of the common stock has exceeded 150% of the Initial Conversion Price for at
least 20 trading days in any 30 consecutive trading day period.
At the second closing of the private placement on June 11, 1996, the 1,287,500
shares of Series A preferred stock were automatically converted to 321,875
shares of common stock. Notwithstanding such conversion, holders of the Series A
preferred stock will receive pro rata, 95.85% of shares of common stock of IPI
associated with the sale of the Product, as discussed in Note 2.
Conversion Reset
In accordance with the terms of the placement, the Initial Conversion Price was
to be adjusted and reset effective as of the Reset Date if the average closing
bid price for the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the Reset
Date (the 12-Month Trading Price) was less than 135% of the Initial Conversion
Price, or $5.40. If such was the case, the Initial Conversion Price was to be
reduced to the greater of the 12-Month Trading Price divided by 1.35 or 50% of
the Initial Conversion Price.
The Initial Conversion Price was adjusted effective June 11, 1997, because the
average closing bid price of the common stock for the 30 consecutive trading
days immediately preceding such date was less than $5.40. The average was, in
fact, $5.175 per share. Accordingly, the conversion price was adjusted to $3.83
per share, which corresponds to a new conversion rate of 26.0875 shares of
common stock per share of Series B preferred stock.
Staggered Lock-up
Pursuant to the original terms of the placement, 25% of each holder's shares of
common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B preferred shares (the
Conversion Shares)
F-19
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
4. Equity Transactions (continued)
were not subject to any restriction on resale (Lock-up). The remaining 75% of
each holder's Conversion Shares were subject to a staggered Lock-up, whereby 25%
of the Conversion Shares were released from the Lock-up every three months after
the final closing, through and including March 11, 1997.
In March 1997, the Company completed a revision to the staggered Lock-up and
Conversion Reset provisions of the private placement. Approximately 94% of the
Series B preferred shares have agreed to a modification of the original
subscription agreement, such that the staggered Lock-up would expire beginning
three months after both listing and effectiveness under the Securities Act of
1933 of the Company's Registration Statement for its common stock
(Effectiveness). As so modified, upon listing and Effectiveness, which occurred
on July 10, 1997, 25% of the Conversion Shares were not subject to any Lock-up
provisions. The remaining 75% of the Conversion Shares will be subject to a
staggered Lock-up, such that every three months after July 10, 1997, 25% of the
Conversion Shares will be released from Lock-up until the ninth month, at which
point, all Conversion Shares will no longer be subject to any Lock-up.
In addition, for those shareholders who accepted the Lock-up modifications, the
Company has agreed to provide additional reset protection, extending the Reset
Date to 12 months following the later of Effectiveness and listing. The terms of
this modified reset will be the same as the original reset provision, except
that the Company will not adjust the conversion price, but will issue additional
shares of common stock to effect the principles of the reset provision.
Stock Options
In April 1992, the Board of Directors approved the 1992 Stock Option Plan (the
Plan), which, as amended, authorizes up to 437,500 shares of common stock for
granting both incentive and nonqualified stock options to employees, directors,
consultants, and members of the scientific advisory board of the Company. The
exercise price and vesting period of the options are determined by the Board of
Directors at the date of grant. Options may be granted up to 10 years after the
Plan's adoption date and generally expire 10 years from the date of grant.
F-20
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
4. Equity Transactions (continued)
The following summarizes activity in the Plan:
Options
---------
Balances at December 31, 1994 276,375
Canceled (246,375)
---------
Balances at December 31, 1995 and 1996
and June 30, 1997 30,000
=========
All outstanding options were issued at an exercise price of $1.20 per share. At
December 31, 1996 and June 30, 1997, options to purchase 23,889 and 27,222
shares of common stock, respectively, were exercisable, and options to purchase
407,500 shares of common stock were available for grant under the Plan.
Certain officers and employees were also granted stock options in 1996, as
authorized by the Board of Directors, apart from the Plan. In May 1996, the
Comany's President and Chief Executive Officer (the President) received options
to purchase 318,873 shares of common stock at $1.00 per share. Such options vest
at a rate of 1/16 per quarter over four years and are exercisable for a period
of seven years. Because the fair value of the Company's common stock at the date
of grant was determined to be $2 per share, the Company recorded $318,873 as
deferred compensation. Such deferred compensation is being amortized over four
years.
In September 1996, certain officers and an employee also received options to
purchase 252,500 shares of common stock at $1.00 per share. Such options vest at
a rate of 1/16 per quarter over four years and are exercisable for a period of
seven years. Because the fair value of the Company's common stock at the date of
grant was determined to be $4 per share, the Company recorded $757,500 as
deferred compensation. Such deferred compensation is being amortized over four
years.
In March 1997, one other employee of the Company received options to purchase
52,500 shares of common stock at $6.00 per share, the closing market price on
the date of grant. Such options vest at a rate of 1/6 every six months over
three years and are exercisable for a period of seven years.
F-21
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
4. Equity Transactions (continued)
Warrants
In June, July and September, 1992, the Company issued warrants to purchase
88,769 (adjusted to comply with anti-dilution provisions of the warrants) shares
of the Company's common stock at a price of $2.59. These warrants were exercised
in April and June, 1997 under a cashless exercise provision resulting in the
issuance of 49,770 shares of common stock.
The Company has issued warrants to purchase 7,750 (May 1993), and 90,000
(January, February and August 1995) shares of the Company's common stock at a
price of $11.00 and $.04 per share, respectively. These warrants are exercisable
at any time and expire in 1998 and 2006, respectively.
In January and February of 1996, the Company issued warrants to purchase 97,500
shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $.04 per share. Such warrants
are exercisable at any time and expire in 2007.
In October 1996, the Company issued warrants to purchase 50,000 shares of common
stock at $6 per share, 25,000 of which were subsequently cancelled in April of
1997 (see Note 7).
In December 1996, the Company committed to the future issuance of warrants to
purchase 125,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $8.24 per
share (see Note 3).
In June and July of 1996, warrants to purchase 156,250 shares of common stock at
$.04 per share were exercised.
F-22
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
4. Equity Transactions (continued)
In February 1997, the Company issued warrants to purchase 25,500 shares of
common stock at $6.00 per share.
In April 1997, the Company issued warrants to purchase 50,000 shares of common
stock at $8.00 per share (see Note 7). Such warrants vest on various dates
through April 1998 and expire in July 2002.
Authorized but unissued shares of common stock were reserved for issuance at
December 31, 1996 and June 30, 1997 as follows:
December 31, June 30,
1996 1997
-------------------------
(Unaudited)
Series B convertible preferred stock (Note 4) 6,479,950 6,390,081
Stock option plan 437,500 437,500
Options issued to officers and employees 571,372 623,872
Warrants to purchase common stock 302,769 264,500
Warrants to purchase Series B convertible preferred
stock (Note 4) 645,495 673,574
-------------------------
8,437,086 8,389,527
=========================
5. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities consist of the following:
December 31, June 30,
1996 1997
-------------------------
(Unaudited)
Professional fees $199,880 $206,577
Business insurance 2,739 42,660
Other 75,058 25,228
-------------------------
$277,677 $274,465
-------------------------
F-23
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
6. Income Taxes
At December 31, 1996, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $5,100,000 for federal income tax purposes that expire in varying
amounts through the year 2011, if not utilized.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences
between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting
purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of
the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities for federal income tax
purposes are as follows:
December 31, June 30,
1996 1997
---------------------------
(Unaudited)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses $ 1,968,000 $ 2,413,000
Capitalized start-up costs 19,000 5,000
---------------------------
Total deferred tax assets 1,987,000 2,418,000
Deferred tax liabilities:
Gain on sale of the Product treated as an
installment sale for income tax purposes (753,000) (376,000)
---------------------------
Net deferred tax assets 1,234,000 2,042,000
Valuation allowance (1,234,000) (2,042,000)
---------------------------
Net deferred tax assets $ -- $ --
===========================
The valuation allowance at December 31, 1994 and 1995 was $1,161,000 and
$647,000, respectively.
Under Section 382 of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the Company's net operating
loss carryforward could be subject to an annual limitation if it should be
determined that a change in ownership of more than 50% of the value of the
Company's stock occurred over a three-year period.
F-24
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
6. Income Taxes (continued)
The following summary reconciles the federal statutory rate with the actual
income tax provision (benefit):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, June 30,
1995 1996 1996 1997
----------------------------------------------
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Income taxes (benefit) at statutory rate $ 469,000 $(522,000) $(172,000) $(713,000)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit 64,000 (71,000) (23,000) (97,000)
Change in the valuation allowance (514,000) 587,000 188,000 808,000
Other (19,000) 6,000 7,000 2,000
----------------------------------------------
Provision for income taxes (benefit) $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
==============================================
</TABLE>
7. Commitments
Leases
The Company leased office facilities on a month-to-month basis through April
1995. Rent expense amounted to approximately $10,000 for the year ended December
31, 1995. In August 1996, the Company entered into a three-year lease for office
facilities. The lease commenced in October with a monthly rental of
approximately $5,400, beginning in the fourth month. Future minimum lease
payments are $64,607 in 1997 and 1998, and $48,455 in 1999.
Employment and Consulting Agreements
In May 1996, the Company entered into a letter agreement with the President
pursuant to which the President will receive an annual salary of $200,000, a
minimum annual bonus of $25,000 and an additional discretionary bonus of up to
$175,000. The President was also granted options to purchase common stock (see
Note 4). In June 1997, the President received a bonus of $100,000 and his salary
was increased to $225,000.
F-25
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
7. Commitments (continued)
Effective in June 1996, the Company entered into consulting agreements with the
Scientist, a director and a former officer. These agreements are for an initial
term of three years through June 1999. Annual consulting fees payable pursuant
to these agreements approximate $66,000.
In September 1996, the Company entered into letter agreements with its Chief
Financial Officer (the CFO) and Executive Vice President (the Executive V.P.)
pursuant to which these officers will receive annual salaries of $150,000 and
$145,000, respectively, minimum annual bonuses of $25,000 each and additional
discretionary bonuses of up to $125,000 and $83,750, respectively. These
officers were also granted options to purchase common stock (see Note 4).
In October 1996, the Company entered into an agreement with an investment banker
pursuant to which the investment banker may, at the Company's request, perform
certain investment banking services for the Company. In connection with this
agreement, the investment banker was granted warrants to purchase 50,000 shares
of common stock at $6 per share. The Company subsequently terminated this
agreement in April of 1997 and cancelled 25,000 unvested warrants (see Note 4).
In April 1997, the Company entered into an agreement with another investment
banker pursuant to which the investment banker may, at the Company's request,
perform certain investment banking services for the Company. In connection with
this agreement, the investment banker was granted warrants to purchase 50,000
shares of common stock at $8 per share (see Note 4).
In April, May and July 1997, the Company entered into agreements with four
members of its Scientific Advisory Board. These agreements are for initial terms
of two years and require compensation of $2,000 per person per meeting of the
Scientific Advisory Board.
F-26
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
8. Loans Payable and Related-Party Transactions
On March 1, 1994, the Company entered into a line of credit agreement with a
major stockholder. During 1994, the Company received $397,000 and repaid
$190,000. There were no borrowings or repayments under the line of credit during
1995. Borrowings under this line of credit amounted to $207,000 at December 31,
1995, bore interest at 2% above the prime rate (10.5% at December 31, 1995) and
were repaid in full in June 1996.
On November 16, 1994, the Company entered into a term loan with a financial
institution and borrowed $389,000. The outstanding balance at December 31, 1995
was $50,000. The above major stockholder had assigned certain bank deposits as
collateral for this borrowing. This borrowing, which bore interest at the prime,
was repaid in June 1996.
In 1995, the Company obtained eight separate bridge loans totaling $600,000
($150,000 of which was obtained from related parties). The lenders also were
granted warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock at $.04 per share. In
connection with these loans, the Company paid commissions totaling $54,000 and
issued warrants to purchase 15,000 shares of common stock at $.04 per share to
the placement agent (the Placement Agent), a related party. The warrants were
considered to have a de minimus value. These loans bore interest at 13% per
annum and were payable in 12 months. Loans totaling $200,000 were repaid in
January and February of 1996, and loans totaling $250,000 that were due in
February 1996 were rolled over for another year through February 1997. Warrants
to purchase 31,250 shares of common stock at $.04 per share were granted in
connection with the rollover of these loans. All bridge loans were payable in
full upon the closing of an initial public offering or private placement of the
Company's stock, with gross proceeds in excess of $2,500,000.
In addition, in January and February of 1996, the Company obtained additional
bridge loans totaling $400,000 ($300,000 of which was obtained from related
parties) with interest payable at 13% per annum and issued additional warrants
to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock at $.04 per share. Also, in connection
with these additional bridge loans, the Company paid commissions totaling
$36,000 and issued warrants to
8. Loans Payable and Related-Party Transactions (continued)
F-27
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.)
(a development stage company)
Notes to Financial Statements
(Unaudited with respect to the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for
the period from January 12, 1990 (incorporation) to June 30, 1997)
purchase 16,250 shares of common stock at $.04 per share to the Placement Agent,
a related party. All bridge loans were repaid in June 1996.
In April 1995, in connection with his resignation, the Former Officer also
received $75,000 (payable over a 12-month period) and reimbursement of certain
expenses. These amounts were recorded as accrued expenses in 1995. In May 1995,
the Company entered into an agreement with an officer, director and principal
stockholder of the Company upon her resignation from the Company. Under the
terms of the agreement, the Company agreed to release and relinquish any claim
the Company may have to intellectual property created by the former director
prior to or during her term of employment with the Company, other than the
Product, and the former director returned all shares of common stock of the
Company owned by her and her family.
On June 11, 1996, the Company entered into a financial advisory agreement with
the Placement Agent, pursuant to which the Company will pay a monthly retainer
of $4,000 for a minimum of 24 months, plus expenses and success fees.
F-28
<PAGE>
================================================================================
No dealer, salesman or any other person has been authorized to give
information or to make any representations not contained in this Prospectus and,
if given or made, such information or representations must not be relied upon as
having been authorized by the Company. This Prospectus does not constitute an
offer of any securities other than those to which it relates or an offer to
sell, or a solicitation of an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy
any of the securities offered hereby to any person in any jurisdiction in which
such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. Neither the delivery of this
Prospectus nor any sales made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create
any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time
subsequent to the date hereof.
--------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AVAILABLE INFORMATION........................................................2
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY...........................................................3
COMPANY SUMMARY..............................................................3
OFFERING SUMMARY.............................................................5
SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL DATA....................................................6
RISK FACTORS.................................................................7
USE OF PROCEEDS.............................................................20
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY
AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.............................................20
DIVIDEND POLICY.............................................................20
CAPITALIZATION..............................................................21
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND PLAN OF OPERATIONS..................................22
BUSINESS....................................................................24
MANAGEMENT..................................................................35
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS........................................................42
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS......................................................44
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES...................................................46
SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS.....................................................53
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALES...........................................59
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION........................................................60
EXPERTS.....................................................................61
LEGAL COUNSEL...............................................................61
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS........................................................F-1
================================================================================
7,047,788 Shares
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Common Stock
--------------------
PROSPECTUS
, 1997
--------------------
================================================================================
<PAGE>
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 24. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law ("Section 145") authorizes a
court to award or a corporation's Board of Directors to grant indemnification to
directors and officers in terms sufficiently broad to permit such
indemnification under certain circumstances for liabilities (including
reimbursement for expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the "Securities Act"). Article Seven of the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation provides that the Corporation shall indemnify and advance expenses
to its directors ands officers to the fullest extent permitted by Section 145 of
the Delaware General Corporation Law. Article Nine of the Company's Certificate
of Incorporation provides that the liability of its directors is eliminated to
the fullest extent permitted by Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General
Corporation Law. Article V, Section 1 of the Company's By-Laws provides for
mandatory indemnification of its directors to the fullest extent authorized by
the Delaware General Corporation Law. Article V, Section 2 of the Company's
By-Laws provides for prepayment of expenses incurred by its directors to the
fullest extent permitted by, and only in compliance with, the Delaware General
Corporate Law. Article V, Section 6 of the Company's By-Laws provides for
permissive indemnification of its officers, employees and agents if and to the
extent authorized by the Board of Directors in compliance with the Delaware
General Corporation Law. These provisions in the Certificate of Incorporation
and the By-Laws do not eliminate the directors' fiduciary duty, and in
appropriate circumstances equitable remedies such as injunctive or other forms
of non-monetary relief will remain available under Delaware law. In addition,
each director will continue to be subject to liability for breach of the
director's duty of loyalty to the Company for acts or omissions not in good
faith or involving intentional misconduct, for knowing violations of law, for
actions leading to improper personal benefit to the director, and for payment of
dividends or approval of stock repurchases or redemptions that are unlawful
under Delaware law. The provisions also do not affect a director's
responsibilities under any other law, such as the federal securities laws or
state or federal environmental laws. In addition, there are certain contractual
indemnification provisions contained in the Subscription Agreements of the
Series B Offering (Exhibit 4.6), the Series B Placement Warrants (Exhibit 4.12),
the Bridge Placement Warrants (Exhibit 4.7), the HTM Warrants (Exhibit 4.5), the
Meyerson Warrants (Exhibit 4.13), the Shear/Kershman and Castelli Warrants
(Exhibit 4.16), the Rutgers Warrants (Exhibit 4.17) and the warrants to be
issued to Drs. Wertheimer, Spana and Mermelstein (Exhibit 4.15) indemnifying
against certain liabilities the Company, its officers, directors, affiliates
and/or controlling person, including, in certain cases, Paramount Capital, Inc.,
a company wholly owned by a substantial shareholder of the Company, Lindsay A.
Rosenwald, M.D. In addition, the Company has obtained liability insurance for
its directors and officers.
II-1
<PAGE>
Item 25. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses, other than underwriting
discounts and commissions, payable by the Company in connection with the sale of
securities being registered. The following table includes costs and expenses
relating to securities being registered for resale by certain securityholders,
all which amounts will be paid by the Company. All amounts are estimates except
the SEC registration fee and the Nasdaq filing fees.
SEC Registration fee........................................ $15,398.36
Nasdaq filing fee........................................... 10,000.00
NASD Corporate Financing Rule filing fee.................... 4,966.00
Printing and engraving...................................... 25,000.00
Legal fees and expenses of the Company...................... 150,000.00
Accounting fees and expenses................................ 20,000.00
Blue sky fees and expenses.................................. 20,000.00
Transfer agent fees and expenses............................ 15,000.00
Miscellaneous............................................... 39,635.64
-----------
Total................................................. $300,000.00
===========
Item 26. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
In the last three years, the Company has issued and sold the following
securities (as adjusted to reflect a two-for one reverse stock split effected on
March 26, 1996):
1. On May 11, 1996 and June 11, 1996 (the "Closing Dates"), the Company
consummated a private placement of an aggregate amount of
approximately $25,800,000 of shares ("Units") of Series B Preferred
Stock and Common Stock (the "Series B Offering"). The issuance of
the above referenced securities was deemed to be exempt from
registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2)
thereof and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
The offer and sale of Units were conducted through the Company's
Placement Agent (as defined below). In offering the Units, the
Placement Agent confined its actions to activities sanctioned by
Regulation D and did not engage in any form of general advertising
or general solicitation in offering the Units. All investors of the
Units represented to the Company that they were accredited investors
and the Company believed that such investors were accredited
investors. The Closing Dates were the only dates that the Company
sold Units, and the Company timely filed a Form D (or amended Form
D, as the case may be) on each of the Closing Dates. Each of the
purchasers of the Units represented their intentions to acquire the
securities for investment only and not with a view to, or for sale
in connection with, any distribution thereof and appropriate legends
were affixed to the share certificates issued in such transactions.
The purchasers in such offering of Units were all the Selling
Securityholders listed as such in the Registration Statement except
for James D. Wolfensohn, Seymour Buehler and William J. Vanden
Heuvel who are included in the list of selling Shareholders because
of their ownership of shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of
Bridge Placements Warrants being registered hereby, and, employees
of Paramount that are not included in the Registration Statement
notwithstanding their purchase of units in the Series B Offering.
2. In connection with services rendered by Paramount Capital, Inc., as
placement agent in the offering (the "Placement Agent"), the Company
issued to the Placement Agent or its designees warrants to purchase
an aggregate of approximately 25,820 shares of Series B Preferred
Stock. The issuance of the above referenced securities was deemed to
be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on
Section 4(2) thereof and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated
thereunder. Each of such recipients had the sophistication,
knowledge and experience in financial matters as to be capable of
evaluating the merits and risks of its investment in the Company,
and had access to information, and the opportunity prior to its
investment to ask questions of and receive answers from
II-2
<PAGE>
representatives of the Company, in each case concerning the
finances, operations and business of the Company. In addition, the
recipients of securities in each such transaction represented their
intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not
with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution
thereof and appropriate legends were affixed to the certificates
issued in such transactions.
3. On November 20, 1995, the Company entered into a License Agreement
(the "TJU License Agreement') with Thomas Jefferson University
("TJU") pursuant to which TJU licensed to the Company certain patent
and patent applications relating to a process for the modification
of a patient's own tumor cells into a cancer vaccine (the "TJU
License"). Pursuant to the TJU License Agreement, the Company issued
229,121.5 shares of Common Stock to each of TJU and Dr. David Berd,
TJU's chief oncologist and the inventor of its cancer vaccine. In
the stock subscription agreements ("Subscription Agreements")
entered into by the Company, TJU and Dr. Berd on November 20, 1995,
relating to the issuance of Common Stock to each of TJU and Dr.
Berd, each of TJU and Dr. Berd represented, among other things, to
the Company, and the Company believed, the following: that (i) it
acquired the Common Stock for investment purposes only and not for
resale for an indefinite period of time for its own account; (ii) it
had such sophistication, knowledge and experience in financial and
business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks
of its investment in the Company; (iii) it had the ability to bear
the economic risks of its investment for an indefinite period of
time and could afford a complete loss of its investment; and (iv) it
had access to information, and the opportunity prior to its purchase
of the Common Stock to ask questions of and receive answers from
representatives of the Company, in each case concerning the
finances, operations and business of the Company. Also, as stated in
the Subscription Agreements, the share certificates issued in
connection with the above issuance of Common Stock had endorsed
thereon legends regarding restrictions on the transfer of the Common
Stock. Because of, among other things, the foregoing, the issuances
of the above referenced securities was deemed to be exempt from
registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2)
thereof.
4. The Castle Group, LLC ("The Castle Group") which may be deemed an
affiliate of both the Company and the Placement Agent, identified,
negotiated and acquired for the Company the TJU License. In
connection therewith, The Castle Group and/or its designees were
granted 916,485.5 of Common Stock of the Company at a price of $.004
per share pursuant to an Engagement & Technology Acquisition
Agreement dated October 20, 1995 between The Castle Group and the
Company. In the stock subscription agreements ("Castle Subscription
Agreements") entered into by the Company, The Castle Group and its
designees in September, 1995, relating to the Common Shares issued
to each of The Castle Group and its designees, each of them
represented, among other things, to the Company, and the Company
believed, the following: that (i) it acquired the Common Stock for
investment purposes only and not for resale for an indefinite period
of time for its own account; (ii) that each of The Castle Group and
its designees had such sophistication, knowledge and experience in
financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the
merits and risks of its investment in the Company; (iii) it had the
ability to bear the economic risks of its investment for an
indefinite period of time and could afford a complete loss of its
investment; and (iv) it had access to information, and the
opportunity prior to its purchase of the Common Stock to ask
questions of and receive answers from representatives of the
Company, in each case concerning the finances, operations and
business of the Company. Also, as stated in the Subscription
Agreements, the share certificates issued in connection with the
above issuance of Common Stock had endorsed thereon legends
regarding restrictions on the transfer of the Common Stock. Because
of the foregoing, the issuances of the above referenced securities
were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act
in reliance on Section 4(2) thereof because such issuances did not
involve a public offering. In addition, each of the recipients of
securities in such transaction represented their intention to
acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or
for sale in connection with any distribution thereof and conform to
appropriate legends were affixed to the share certificates issued in
such transactions. All recipients had adequate access, through their
relationships with the Company, to information about the Company.
II-3
<PAGE>
5. In 1995 and 1996, the Company, pursuant to certain bridge financing
transactions issued to nine persons or entities namely, The Aries
Domestic Fund, L.P., The Aries Fund, A Cayman Island Trust, Seymour
Buehler, Yonah J. Hamlet, M.D., Trustee FBO Yonah J. Hamlet, M.D.
Profit Sharing Plan Dtd. 1/1/86, South Ferry #2, L.P., Herman
Tauber, Myron M. Teitelbaum, M.D. William J. Vanden Heuvel and James
D. Wolfensohn ("Warrant Holders"), (i) bridge notes aggregating
$1,000,000 and (ii) warrants to purchase an aggregate of 156,250
shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $.004 per share. In
June 1996, such bridge notes were paid by the Company and all the
warrants were exercised by the holders thereof. In connection with
services rendered as the placement agent of the bridge financing,
Paramount Capital, Inc. ("Paramount") was issued warrants to
purchase 31,250 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $.004
per share. In connection with the issuances of the Warrants and the
Placement Warrants, each of the Warrant Holders and Paramount
represented, and the Company believed, among other things, the
following: that (i) it acquired the Common Stock for investment only
and not for resale for an indefinite period for its own account;
(ii) it had such sophistication, knowledge and experience in
financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the
merits and risks of its investment in the Company; (iii) it had the
ability to bear the economic risks of its investment for an
indefinite period of time and could afford a complete loss of its
investment; and (iv) it had access to information, and the
opportunity prior to its purchase of the Common Stock to ask
questions of and receive answers from representatives of the
Company, in each case concerning the finances, operations and
business of the Company. Also, as stated in the Subscription
Agreements, the share certificates issued in connection with the
above issuances of Common Stock had endorsed thereon legends
regarding restrictions on the transfer of the Common Stock. The
issuances of the above referenced securities were deemed to be
exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on
Section 4(2) thereof because such issuances did not involve a public
offering.
6. On October 24, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement with M.
H. Meyerson & Co., Inc. ("Meyerson"), pursuant to which Meyerson
performed certain investment banking and financial advisory services
on a non- exclusive basis for the Company (the "Meyerson Investment
Banking Agreement"). Pursuant to the Meyerson Investment Banking
Agreement, which was terminated by the Company on April 17, 1997,
Meyerson acquired warrants to purchase an aggregate of 50,000 shares
of Common Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $6.00 per
share. At the time of the Company's termination, 25,000 of the
Meyerson Warrants had vested. The issuance of the Meyerson Warrants
was deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act
in reliance on Section 4(2) thereof because such issuance did not
involve a public offering. In addition, Meyerson represented its
intention to acquire the securities for investment only and not with
a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof
and appropriate legends are required to be affixed to the warrant
certificates issuable in such transactions. Meyerson had adequate
access, through its negotiations with the Company of the terms of
the Investment Banking Agreement, to information about the Company.
7. On December 10, 1996, the Company entered into a license agreement
with Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey and the University
of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (collectively, "Rutgers")
pursuant to which Rutgers licensed to the Company certain patent
applications relating to a series of compounds for the potential
treatment of cancer and infectious diseases (the "Rutgers License").
Pursuant to the Rutgers License, the Company issued warrants to
purchase 125,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $8.24 per
share to Rutgers (the "Rutgers Warrants"). The issuance of the
Rutgers Warrants was deemed to be exempt from registration under the
Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2) thereof because such
issuance did not involve a public offering. In addition, Rutgers
represented its intention to acquire the securities for investment
only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any
distribution thereof and appropriate legends are required to be
affixed to the warrant certificates issued in such transactions.
Rutgers had adequate access, through its negotiations with the
Company of the terms of the Rutgers License, to information about
the Company.
II-4
<PAGE>
8. In consideration of services rendered on behalf of the Company in
connection with the acquisition and negotiation of the Rutgers
License, in February 1997, the Company agreed to pay Samuel P.
Wertheimer, Ph.D., $25,000 and to issue to Dr. Wertheimer warrants
to purchase 6,375 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of
$6.00 per share, exercisable for seven years (the "Wertheimer
Warrants"). The issuance of the Wertheimer Warrants was deemed to be
exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on
Section 4(2) thereof because such issuance did not involve a public
offering. In addition, Dr. Wertheimer represented his intention to
acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or
for sale in connection with any distribution thereof and appropriate
legends are required to be affixed to the warrant certificates
issued in such transactions. Dr. Wertheimer had adequate access,
through his negotiations with the Company of the terms of the
Rutgers License, to information about the Company. Moreover, Dr.
Wertheimer represented to the Company that he was sophisticated and
expert in financial matters.
9. In consideration of services rendered on behalf of the Company in
connection with the acquisition and negotiation of the Rutgers
License, in February 1997, the Company agreed to pay Carl Spana,
Ph.D., $15,000 and to issue to Dr. Spana warrants to purchase 6,375
shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share,
exercisable for seven years (the "Spana Warrants"). The issuance of
the Spana Warrants was deemed to be exempt from registration under
the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2) thereof because such
issuance did not involve a public offering. In addition, Dr. Spana
represented his intention to acquire the securities for investment
only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any
distribution thereof and appropriate legends are required to be
affixed to the warrant certificates issued in such transactions. Dr.
Spana had adequate access to information about the Company through
his negotiations with the Company of the terms of the Rutgers
License and through his position as a Director of the Company.
10. In consideration of services rendered on behalf of the Company in
connection with the acquisition and negotiation of the Texas A&M
License, in February 1997, the Company agreed to pay Fred
Mermelstein, Ph.D., $40,000 and to issue to Dr. Mermelstein warrants
to purchase 12,750 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of
$6.00 per share, exercisable for seven years (the "Mermelstein
Warrants"). The issuance of the Mermelstein Warrants was deemed to
be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on
Section 4(2) thereof because such issuance did not involve a public
offering. In addition, Dr. Mermelstein represented his intention to
acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or
for sale in connection with any distribution thereof and appropriate
legends are required to be affixed to the warrant certificates
issued in such transactions. Dr. Mermelstein had adequate access,
through his negotiations with the Company of the terms of the Texas
A&M License, to information about the Company. Moreover, Dr.
Mermelstein represented to the Company, and the Company believed,
that he was sophisticated and expert in financial matters.
11. In connection with services rendered by Ladenberg, Thalmann & Co.,
Inc. ("Ladenberg"), and D. H. Blair Investment Banking Corp. ("D. H.
Blair"), as placement agents in the offering of Series A Preferred
Stock conducted from June 1992 to September 1992 (the "Series A
Offering"), the Company granted Ladenberg and D. H. Blair and/or
their respective designees certain warrants ("Series A Placement
Warrants") to purchase Common Stock at any time until June 26, 1997.
In April and June 1997, Ladenberg and D.H. Blair and/or their
respective designees were issued approximately 49,770 shares of
Common Stock pursuant to the cashless exercise provisions of the
Series A Placement Warrants. The issuance of (i) the Series A
Placement Warrants and (ii) the issuance of Common Stock upon the
exercise of the Series A Placement Warrants, were deemed to be
exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on
Section 4(2) thereof because such issuances did not involve a public
offering. In addition, each of Ladenberg and D. H. Blair and their
respective designees represented its intention to acquire the
securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in
connection with any distribution thereof and appropriate legends
were required to be affixed to the warrant certificates. Ladenberg
and D. H. Blair and/or their respective designees each had adequate
access, through their negotiations with the Company as placement
agents in the Series A Offering, to information about the Company.
The shares of Common Stock were issued without restrictive legends
pursuant to exemptions afforded by Rule 144(k).
II-5
<PAGE>
12. On April 17, 1997, the Company entered into an agreement with Hill,
Thompson, Magid & Co. ("HTM"), pursuant to which HTM may perform
certain investment banking and financial advisory services on a
non-exclusive basis for the Company (the "HTM Investment Banking
Agreement"). Among the services that might be provided by HTM are
general advice and guidance on long-term strategic planning,
assistance with debt and equity financings, identification of
potential strategic/corporate partners, financial and transaction
feasibility analysis, and mergers and acquisitions advisory
services. Pursuant to the Investment Banking Agreement, the Company
granted to HTM warrants to purchase an aggregate of 50,000 shares of
Common Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $8.00 per share.
The issuance of the HTM Warrants was deemed to be exempt from
registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2)
thereof because such issuance did not involve a public offering. In
addition, HTM represented its intention to acquire the securities
for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection
with any distribution thereof and appropriate legends are required
to be affixed to the warrant certificates issuable in such
transactions. HTM had adequate access, through its negotiations with
the Company of the terms of the HTM Investment Banking Agreement, to
information about the Company.
II-6
<PAGE>
Item 27. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Exhibit No. Description
* 2.1 Asset Purchase Agreement dated December 27, 1995, by and between
the Registrant, InterNuria, Inc. and Interneuron Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
## 3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended to date.
* 3.2 By-laws of the Registrant, as amended to date.
* 4.1 Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.
* 4.2 Specimen of Common Stock certificate.
* 4.3 Specimen of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock certificate.
* 4.4 Investors' Rights Agreement dated November 20, 1995, by
and between the Registrant and certain investors.
## 4.5 Form of Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common
Stock, by and between the Registrant and designees of Hill,
Thompson, Magid & Co.
** 4.6 Form of Subscription Agreement, by and between the
Registrant and certain purchasers of Series B Preferred
Stock and Common Stock.
* 4.7 Form of Placement Warrant Relating to the Bridge Financing.
* 4.8 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 1 dated June
26, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain investors.
* 4.9 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 2 dated June
26, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain investors.
* 4.10 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 3 dated July
23, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain investors.
* 4.11 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 4 dated
September 2, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain
investors.
* 4.12 Form of Placement Warrant Relating to Offering of Series B
Placement Warrants.
**** 4.13 Meyerson Investment Banking Agreement and Common Stock Warrants
dated October 24, 1996, by and between the Registrant and M.H.
Meyerson & Co., Inc.
***** 4.14 Form of Amendment to Subscription Agreement--Lock-Up Provisions.
# 4.15 Form of Warrant for the Purchase of Common Stock, by and between
the Registrant and Drs. Samuel P. Wertheimer, Carl Spana and Fred
Mermelstein.
## 4.16 Form of Warrant for the Purchase of Common Stock, by and between
the Registrant and Shear/Kershman Laboratories, Inc. and Castelli
Associates, Inc.
## 4.17 Warrant for the Purchase of Common Stock dated December 10, 1996,
by and between the Registrant and Rutgers, The State University of
New Jersey and The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New
Jersey.
5.1 Opinion of Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel, a Professional Corporation.
II-7
<PAGE>
10.1 Reference is made to Exhibit 2.1.
###++ 10.2 Clinical Study and Research Agreement dated November 20, 1995, by
and between the Registrant and Thomas Jefferson University.
* 10.3 The Registrant's 1992 Stock Option Plan.
## 10.4 Letter of Employment dated May 17, 1996, between the Registrant and
Dr. Jeffrey M. Jonas.
* 10.5 Employment Agreement dated August 19, 1991, between the Registrant
and Dayne R. Myers, as amended.
* 10.6 Consulting Agreement dated February 22, 1996, between the
Registrant and Dr. Carl Spana.
* 10.7 Scientific Advisory Board Agreement dated March 25, 1996, between
the Registrant and Dr. Jerry Weisbach.
* 10.8 Consulting Agreement dated May 9, 1996, between the Registrant and
Dr. David Berd.
* 10.9 Financial Advisory Agreement dated June 12, 1996, by and between
the Registrant and Paramount Capital, Inc.
###++ 10.10 License Agreement dated November 20, 1995, by and between the
Registrant and Thomas Jefferson University.
## 10.11 Letter of Employment dated September 13, 1996, between the
Registrant and David L. Tousley.
## 10.12 Letter of Employment dated September 13, 1996, between the
Registrant and Ernest W. Yankee, Ph.D.
###++ 10.13 License Agreement dated December 10, 1996, by and between the
Registrant and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and the
University of Medicine and Dentistry.
###++ 10.14 License Agreement dated February 17, 1997, by and between the
Registrant and The Texas A&M University System.
## 10.15 Investment Banking Services Agreement dated April 17, 1997, by and
between the Registrant and Hill, Thompson, Magid & Co.
+ 10.16 Sponsored Research Agreement dated May 2, 1997, by and between the
Registrant and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and the
University of Medicine and Dentistry.
+ 10.17 Sponsored Research Agreement dated May 12, 1997, by and between the
Registrant and Rutgers, The Texas A&M University System.
11.1 Statement Concerning Computation of Per Share Earnings.
* 20.1 Stockholder Information Statement of the Registrant dated June 15,
1995.
23.1 Consent of Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel, a Professional Corporation.
Reference is made to Exhibit 5.1.
23.2 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.
**** 24.1 Power of Attorney. Reference is made to the Signature Page of the
Registration Statement.
II-8
<PAGE>
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
* Previously filed with the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed with
the Commission on August 1, 1996.
** Previously filed with Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement of
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission in September 23, 1996 and which
superseded such exhibit as previously filed with the Registration
Statement on Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on August 1, 1996.
*** Previously filed with Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on September 23, 1996.
**** Previously filed with Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on November 6, 1996.
***** Previously filed with Amendment No. 4 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on February 26, 1997.
# Previously filed with Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on April 4, 1997.
## Previously filed with Amendment No. 6 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on May 7, 1997.
### Previously filed with Amendment No. 9 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on July 3, 1997.
+ Confidential treatment requested as to certain portions of these exhibits.
Such portions have been redacted.
++ Confidential treatment granted as to certain portions of these exhibits.
Such portions have been redacted.
II-9
<PAGE>
Item 28. Undertakings
The Company hereby undertakes that it will:
(1) File, during any period in which it offers or sells securities, a
post-effective amendment to this registration statement to:
(i) Include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities
Act;
(ii) Reflect in the prospectus any facts or events which, individually or
together, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration
statement; and notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume
of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not
exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of
the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus
filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the
changes in the volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the
maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration
Fee" table in the effective registration statement;
(iii) Include any additional or changed material information on the plan
of distribution.
(2) For determining liability under the Securities Act, treat each
post-effective amendment as a new registration statement of the securities
offered, and the offering of the securities at that time to be the initial bona
fide offering.
(3) File a post-effective amendment to remove from registration any of the
securities that remain unsold at the end of the offering.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may
be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Company
pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of
Incorporation or the By-Laws of the Company, or otherwise, the Company has been
advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and
is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Company of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the Company in
the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered hereunder, the Company will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the
matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of
appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by
the final adjudication of such issue.
The Company hereby undertakes that it will:
(1) For determining any liability under the Securities Act, treat the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1), or (4) or 497(h)
under the Securities Act as part of this registration statement as of the time
it was declared effective.
(2) For determining any liability under the Securities Act, treat each
post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus as a new
registration statement for the securities offered in the registration statement,
and that offering of such securities at that time as the initial bona fide
offering of those securities.
II-10
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
the Company certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets
all of the requirements for filing on Form SB-2 and authorized this Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on this August 14, 1997.
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By: /s/ Michael S. Weiss
------------------------
Michael S. Weiss
Secretary and Director
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
the Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Signature Name & Title Date
--------- ------------ ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ Jeffrey Jonas, M.D.* Jeffery Jonas, M.D. August 14, 1997
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
/s/ David L. Tousley* David L. Tousley August 14, 1997
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Edson D. de Castro* Edson D. de Castro August 14, 1997
Director
/s/ John K. A. Prendergast, Ph.D.* John K. A. Prendergast, Ph.D. August 14, 1997
Director
/s/ Carl Spana, Ph.D.* Carl Spana, Ph.D. August 14, 1997
Director
/s/ Michael S. Weiss Michael S. Weiss August 14, 1997
Secretary and Director
</TABLE>
*By: /s/ Michael S. Weiss
-------------------------
Michael S. Weiss
Attorney-in-Fact
II-11
<PAGE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
-----------
EXHIBITS
TO
POST-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
FORM SB-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
-----------
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. Description
* 2.1 Asset Purchase Agreement dated December 27, 1995, by and between
the Registrant, InterNuria, Inc. and Interneuron Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
## 3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended to date.
* 3.2 By-laws of the Registrant, as amended to date.
* 4.1 Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.
* 4.2 Specimen of Common Stock certificate.
* 4.3 Specimen of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock certificate.
* 4.4 Investors' Rights Agreement dated November 20, 1995, by
and between the Registrant and certain investors.
## 4.5 Form of Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common
Stock, by and between the Registrant and designees of Hill,
Thompson, Magid & Co.
** 4.6 Form of Subscription Agreement, by and between the
Registrant and certain purchasers of Series B Preferred
Stock and Common Stock.
* 4.7 Form of Placement Warrant Relating to the Bridge Financing.
* 4.8 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 1 dated June
26, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain investors.
* 4.9 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 2 dated June
26, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain investors.
* 4.10 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 3 dated July
23, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain investors.
* 4.11 Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock No. 4 dated
September 2, 1992, by and between the Registrant and certain
investors.
* 4.12 Form of Placement Warrant Relating to Offering of Series B
Placement Warrants.
**** 4.13 Meyerson Investment Banking Agreement and Common Stock Warrants
dated October 24, 1996, by and between the Registrant and M.H.
Meyerson & Co., Inc.
***** 4.14 Form of Amendment to Subscription Agreement--Lock-Up Provisions.
# 4.15 Form of Warrant for the Purchase of Common Stock dated February 26,
1997, by and between the Registrant and Drs. Samuel P. Wertheimer
and Fred Mermelstein.
## 4.16 Form of Warrant for the Purchase of Common Stock dated May 1993, by
and between the Registrant and Shear/Kershman Laboratories, Inc.
and Castelli Associates, Inc.
## 4.17 Warrant for the Purchase of Common Stock dated December 10, 1996,
by and between the Registrant and Rutgers, The State University of
New Jersey and The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New
Jersey.
<PAGE>
5.1 Opinion of Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel, a Professional Corporation.
10.1 Reference is made to Exhibit 2.1.
###++ 10.2 Clinical Study and Research Agreement dated November 20, 1995, by
and between the Registrant and Thomas Jefferson University.
* 10.3 The Registrant's 1992 Stock Option Plan.
## 10.4 Letter of Employment dated May 17, 1996, between the Registrant and
Dr. Jeffrey M. Jonas.
* 10.5 Employment Agreement dated August 19, 1991, between the Registrant
and Dayne R. Myers, as amended.
* 10.6 Consulting Agreement dated February 22, 1996, between the
Registrant and Dr. Carl Spana.
* 10.7 Scientific Advisory Board Agreement dated March 25, 1996, between
the Registrant and Dr. Jerry Weisbach.
* 10.8 Consulting Agreement dated May 9,1996, between the Registrant and
Dr. David Berd.
* 10.9 Financial Advisory Agreement dated June 12, 1996, by and between
the Registrant and Paramount Capital, Inc.
###++ 10.10 License Agreement dated November 20, 1995, by and between the
Registrant and Thomas Jefferson University.
## 10.11 Letter of Employment dated September 13, 1996, between the
Registrant and David L. Tousley.
## 10.12 Letter of Employment dated September 13, 1996, between the
Registrant and Ernest W. Yankee, Ph.D.
###++ 10.13 License Agreement dated December 10, 1996, by and between the
Registrant and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and the
University of Medicine and Dentistry.
###++ 10.14 License Agreement dated February 17, 1997, by and between the
Registrant and The Texas A&M University System.
## 10.15 Investment Banking Services Agreement dated April 17, 1997, by and
between the Registrant and Hill, Thompson, Magid & Co.
+ 10.16 Sponsored Research Agreement dated May 2, 1997, by and between the
Registrant and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and the
University of Medicine and Dentistry.
+ 10.17 Sponsored Research Agreement dated May 12, 1997, by and between the
Registrant and Rutgers, The Texas A&M University System.
11.1 Statement Concerning Computation of Per Share Earnings.
* 20.1 Stockholder Information Statement of the Registrant dated June 15,
1995.
23.1 Consent of Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel, a Professional Corporation.
Reference is made to Exhibit 5.1.
23.2 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.
<PAGE>
**** 24.1 Power of Attorney. Reference is made to the Signature Page to the
Registration Statement.
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
* Previously filed with the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed with
the Commission on August 1, 1996.
** Previously filed with Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement of
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission in September 23, 1996 which superseded
such exhibit as previously filed with the Registration Statement on Form
SB-2 filed with the Commission on August 1, 1996.
*** Previously filed with Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on September 23, 1996.
**** Previously filed with Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on November 6, 1996.
***** Previously filed with Amendment No. 4 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on February 26, 1997.
# Previously filed with Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on April 4, 1997.
## Previously filed with Amendment No. 6 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on May 7, 1997.
### Previously filed with Amendment No. 9 to the Registration Statement on
Form SB-2 filed with the Commission on July 3, 1997.
+ Confidential treatment requested as to certain portions of these exhibits.
Such portions have been redacted.
++ Confidential treatment granted as to certain portions of these exhibits.
Such portions have been redacted.
EXHIBIT 5.1
[Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel letterhead]
August 14, 1997
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
4520 Main Street, Suite 930
Kansas City, MO 64111
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
Registration on Form SB-2
Dear Sirs:
We have acted as counsel for AVAX Technologies, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Issuer"), in connection with the preparation of Post-Effective
Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (the "Registration
Statement") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission")
on August 14, 1997, Registration Number 333- 09349, under the Securities Act of
1933 (the "Act") for the registration under the Act of the following securities
of the Issuer:
(i) 688,160 shares of common stock, par value $.004 per share
("Common Stock");
(ii) 6,310,395 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
currently outstanding shares of Series B Convertible Preferred
Stock, par value of $.01 per share (the "Series B Preferred Stock");
and
(iii) up to 49,233 shares of Common Stock issuable upon (a) the
conversion of shares of Series B Preferred Stock issuable upon
exercise of the warrants issued to the placement agent and/or its
designees relating to the offering of the Series B Preferred Stock
(the "Series B Placement Warrants") and (b) exercise of warrants
issued to the placement agent and/or its designees for certain
bridge financing transactions of the Company (the "Bridge Placement
Warrants," and together with the Series B Placement Warrants, the
"Placement Warrants").
<PAGE>
2
In that connection, we have examined originals or copies, certified
or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of certificates of public officials
and corporate records, instruments and documents of or affecting the Issuer,
including, without limitation, (i) the Certificate of Incorporation of the
Issuer, as amended to date; (ii) the Bylaws of the Issuer, as amended to date;
(iii) resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors and Stockholders of the
Issuer; (iv) the Certificate of Designations for the Series B Preferred Stock;
(v) a form of specimen stock certificate for the Common Stock; (vi) a form of
specimen stock certificate for the Series B Preferred Stock; (vii) a form of the
Series B Placement Warrant; and (viii) a form of the Bridge Placement Warrant.
We have also examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to
our satisfaction, of certificates of officers of the Issuer, and have reviewed
such questions of law and made such other inquiries, as we have deemed necessary
or appropriate for the purpose of rendering this opinion.
In rendering our opinion, we have relied, as to matters of fact,
upon representations and warranties of the Issuer and upon such certificates and
other instruments of officers of the Issuer and public officials as we have
deemed necessary or appropriate for the purpose of rendering this opinion, in
each case without independent investigation or verification. Additionally,
without any independent investigation or verification, we have assumed (i) the
genuineness of all signatures, (ii) the authenticity of all documents submitted
to us as originals and the conformity with the original documents of all
documents submitted to us as certified, conformed or photostatic copies, (iii)
the authority of all persons signing any document other than the officers of the
Issuer, where applicable, signing in their capacity as such, (iv) the
enforceability of all the agreements we have reviewed in accordance with their
respective terms against the parties thereto, and (v) the truth and accuracy of
all matters of fact set forth in all certificates and other instruments
furnished to us.
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the limitations,
qualifications and assumptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that:
1. The Issuer is a corporation duly incorporated and is in good
standing under the laws of the State of Delaware.
2. The 688,160 shares of Common Stock which may be sold in
accordance with the provisions of the Registration Statement have been legally
issued and are fully paid and nonassessable.
3. The 6,310,395 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
currently outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock have been duly
authorized for issuance, and when issued upon conversion of the Series B
Preferred Stock will be legally issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
<PAGE>
3
4. The aggregate of up to 37,983 shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock after exercise of the Series B
Placement Warrants have been duly authorized for issuance, and when issued upon
conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock after exercise of the Series B
Placement Warrants, and the payment of the applicable exercise price thereof or
the use of the cashless exercise provision thereof will be legally issued, fully
paid and nonassessable.
5. The aggregate of up to 11,250 shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of the Bridge Placement Warrants have been duly authorized for
issuance, and when issued upon exercise of the Bridge Placement Warrants, and
the payment of the applicable exercise price thereof or the use of the cashless
exercise provision thereof will be legally issued, fully paid and
non-assessable.
Members of this Firm are admitted to practice law only in the State
of New York and do not purport to be experts on, and are not expressing any
opinion with respect to, any laws other than the laws of the State of New York,
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Federal laws of the
United States of America.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to
the Registration Statement and the reference to us under the heading "Legal
Counsel" in the Prospectus included in Part I of the Registration Statement. In
giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of
persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Roberts, Sheridan & Kotel
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 10.16
SPONSORED RESEARCH AGREEMENT
THIS SPONSORED RESEARCH AGREEMENT (the "Agreement") is made and is
effective as of this 2nd day of May, 1997, by and between both RUTGERS, THE
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY, having its principal offices at Old Queens, New
Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 and the University of Medicine and Dentistry
("UMDNJ"), having its principal offices at Newark, New Jersey 07107 (hereinafter
collectively referred to as "Rutgers/UMDNJ"), and AVAX Technologies, Inc., a
corporation having its principal place of business at 4520 Main Street, Ste.
930, Kansas City, Missouri 64111 (hereinafter referred to as "Sponsor"). The
parties to this agreement shall also be referred to hereinafter as "Parties" and
individually identified as "Party" when appropriate. All capitalized terms used
herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings ascribed for such terms
in the License Agreement (as hereinafter defined).
WHEREAS, Sponsor, pursuant to the License Agreement dated December
10th, 1996, between Rutgers/UMDNJ and Sponsor (the "License Agreement"), is the
exclusive licensee of Rutgers/UMDNJ's rights to certain inventions (the
"Inventions") disclosed under Rutgers Docket # 94-1003-1 entitled "Noncharged
Bisbenzimidazoles and Trisbenzimidazoles as Mammalian Topoisomerase I Poisons";
Rutgers' Docket # 94-0930-1 entitled "Substituted Benzimidazoles as Mammalian
Topoisomerase I Poisons", Rutgers' Docket # 95-0419-2 entitled "Protoberberines
and Related Compounds as Potent Inhibitors of Mammalian Topoisomerase I",
Rutgers' Docket # 95-0419-3 entitled "Substituted Benzimidazo[2,1-a]-
isoquinolines,5,6-Dihydro-benimidazo [2,1-a]-isoquinolines, and Benzimidazole
as Mammalian Topoisomerase I Poisons" and Rutgers' Docket # 96-0508-1, entitled
"Substituted Benz[a]acridine Derivatives as Novel Topoisomerase I Poisons" were
made in the course of research at Rutgers/UMDNJ by Dr. Edmond LaVoie and Dr.
Leroy Liu (hereinafter, "Inventors");
WHEREAS, Sponsor desires to support research conducted by Rutgers/UMDNJ
upon the terms and conditions as set forth herein including clinical studies and
research programs;
WHEREAS, Rutgers/UMDNJ has the facilities and the personnel with the
requisite skills, experience, and knowledge to undertake such Study; and
WHEREAS, the Study contemplated by this Agreement is of mutual interest
and benefit to Rutgers/UMDNJ and Sponsor, and will further the instructional and
research objectives of Rutgers/UMDNJ in a manner consistent with their status as
a non-profit educational and health care institutions;
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. Description of the Study. Rutgers/UMDNJ and the Principal
Investigators (as defined below) agree to conduct a research program for the
further development of the Inventions (the "Study") during the term of this
agreement. The Study shall be conducted according to the research
1
<PAGE>
protocol which is attached hereto as Exhibit B (the "Research Protocol") and
fully details the research activities and responsibilities to be undertaken for
the first year of the Study. The Research Protocol for each year of the Study
commencing after the first year shall be added to Exhibit B, following the
completion of good-faith negotiations between Sponsor and Rutgers/UMDNJ, which
discussions shall begin ninety (90) days prior to the end of the Study for the
immediately preceding year. Sponsor shall fund this Study for a period of three
(3) years pursuant to paragraph 4 and subject to the termination provisions of
paragraph 7.
2. Principal Investigators. The Principal Investigators (the "Principal
Investigators") shall be Dr. Edmond LaVoie, a full-time employee of Rutgers and
Dr. Leroy Liu, a full time employee of UMDNJ. The Principal Investigators agree
to use their reasonable best efforts to perform the work required under this
Agreement. If either Dr. LaVoie or Dr. Liu is unable to continue to serve as
Principal Investigator and the Parties hereto are unable to agree on a successor
acceptable to both Rutgers/UMDNJ and Sponsor within a reasonable time not to
exceed ninety (90) days, Sponsor may terminate this Agreement in accordance with
paragraph 7.
3. Compliance with Laws. The Study shall be conducted in accordance
with, and the Principal Investigators shall comply with all federal, state, and
local laws and regulations applicable to the Study.
4. Awards and Payments. In consideration of the work to be performed
under this Agreement, Sponsor will provide financial support for the Study in
the amount of $300,000 with an additional $[***] in indirect costs (for research
performed during the time period set forth in paragraph 1 and as more fully set
forth in the budget (the "Budget") attached hereto and included as part of
Exhibit A. The funding for the first year of the Study shall be made to
Rutgers/UMDNJ by Sponsor according to the payment schedule included in Exhibit
A, with the exception that the first such payment shall be made within thirty
(30) days of the Effective Date (defined in Paragraph 6 below). The Budget and
the payment schedule for each year of the Study commencing after the first year
shall be added to Exhibit A at the same time the Research Protocol for such year
is agreed upon in writing between the parties subsequent to the negotiations
contemplated in paragraph 1. Payment for Research Protocols after the first year
shall be made thirty (30) days after the Parties have agreed upon such Research
Protocols in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence.
A portion of the overhead costs normally expected by Rutgers/UMDNJ (57%
of the direct costs) shall be deferred according to the following schedule:
Year Research Funding Overhead Cost (%) Deferred Overhead (%)
- ---- ---------------- ----------------- ---------------------
1 $100,000 $[***] $[***]
2 $100,000 $[***] $[***]
3 $100,000 $[***] $[***]
The total amount of the non-deferred Research Funding shall be $[***]. The
total amount of
[***] Confidential Treatment Requested
2
<PAGE>
deferred overhead costs during the time period of the Agreement equals $[***].
Sponsor agrees to pay to Rutgers/UMDNJ this amount at such time as (a) Sponsor
is selling the Licensed Products under the License Agreement and/or is in
receipt of royalty income in excess of $[***] or (b) this Agreement is
concluded.
5. Independent Contractor. Rutgers/UMDNJ's relationship to Sponsor
under this Agreement shall be that of an independent contractor and not an
agent, joint venturer or partner of Sponsor and shall not otherwise be construed
as creating any other form of legal association or arrangement which would
impose liability upon one party for the act or failure to act of the other
party.
6. Effective Date and Term. This Agreement shall become effective upon
the signing of this Agreement and shall continue in effect for a period of three
(3) years or until completion of the Study or termination of this Agreement
pursuant to paragraph 7. The Study will be deemed completed for purposes of this
paragraph 6 whenever:
(a) the Study is concluded by the Principal
Investigators;
(b) further Research Protocols and/or Budgets are not
agreed to pursuant to Paragraphs 1 and 4 hereof.
7. Termination. This Agreement may be terminated as follows:
(a) Either Party may terminate this Agreement due to
any material breach or default of any material
provision of this Agreement upon receipt of sixty
(60) days prior written notice to the other Party
unless such breach or default is cured within
such sixty (60) day period.
(b) Sponsor may terminate this Agreement upon receipt
of ninety (90) days written notice.
(c) Sponsor may terminate this Agreement upon sixty
(60) days written notice if the Principal
Investigators are unable to complete the Study
and the parties are unable to agree upon a
successor within a reasonable time pursuant to
paragraph 2 hereinabove.
(d) Sponsor may terminate this Agreement with
Rutgers/UMDNJ if either Principal Investigator
leaves the employment of his respective
institution.
If this Agreement is terminated prior to the end of the Term, all funds paid up
to the time of termination shall be considered non-recoverable by Sponsor.
Additionally, Rutgers/UMDNJ's sole damages and remedy shall be to recover from
Sponsor all amounts owed for work completed and non-cancelable expenses
committed through the date of termination based pro-rata upon the figures
[***] Confidential Treatment Requested
3
<PAGE>
in Exhibit A, provided, however, that Sponsor shall reimburse Rutgers/UMDNJ for
non-cancelable employment obligations entered into by Rutgers/UMDNJ as a result
of this Agreement, except for the Principal Investigators, for the remainder of
any Agreement year which has begun and within such year the termination has
occurred. Paragraphs 9 (Confidential Information), 10 (Publication), 11
(Inventions and Patent Rights), 12 (Indemnification), and 13 (Use of Name) shall
survive any termination of this Agreement. Termination of this Agreement shall
have no effect on the rights and obligations of Sponsor contained in the License
Agreement.
8. Research and Clinical Data and Reporting; Site Visits.
(a) The Principal Investigators shall promptly and fully
provide Sponsor with all research and clinical data, including
a copy of laboratory notebooks and case report forms and other
relevant information generated during the Study shall be
freely usable by Sponsor, consistent with paragraphs 9 and 11
hereof. Rutgers/UMDNJ will submit a complete written progress
report after the Study is completed. Rutgers/UMDNJ shall also
submit interim progress reports on a semi-annual basis
providing the Sponsor with a narrative account of the research
performed, expenditures incurred, the results of the research
and the supporting data concerning the research conducted
during said semi-annual period, as the case may be, within
sixty (60) days of the end of such quarter or year.
(b) From time to time during the term of this Agreement,
Sponsor may, upon reasonable notice, send one or more
representatives to Rutgers/UMDNJ to discuss with the Principal
Investigators and their associates the results of the Study
(the "Study Results") and the details of the investigative
techniques being employed therein. The representatives shall
be identified to Rutgers and the timing of such site visits
shall be reasonably acceptable to Rutgers/UMDNJ.
(c) Milestones are expected to change during the course of the
Project and will be jointly agreed to between the Principal
Investigators and Sponsor during the course of expected
monthly meetings.
9. Confidential Information. "Confidential Information" shall mean all
information provided by one Party to the other and clearly identified as
"Confidential" by the transmitting Party at the time of disclosure. If such
transmittal occurs orally, the transmitting party shall promptly reduce such
transmittal to writing, mark and identify it as confidential, and provide such
record to the other Party within thirty (30) days of such oral transmittal.
Specifically excepted from this is all information:
(a) known by the receiving Party prior to the receipt of such
information from the disclosing Party;
(b) that was in the public domain or enters the public domain
through no improper act
4
<PAGE>
on the part of the Sponsor or any of the Sponsor's
employees;
(c) approved for public release by written authorization of
the transmitting party;
(d) rightfully received by the receiving Party without an
express obligation of confidence;
(e) independently developed by personnel of either Party who
are not working under this Agreement; or
(f) disclosed pursuant to any judicial or government request,
requirement or order, provided that the disclosing Party
takes reasonable steps to provide the other Party
reasonable notice to contest such request, requirement or
order.
Subject to the publication provisions of paragraph 10, neither party will
disclose Confidential Information without authorization from the other. This
provision shall remain in effect for three (3) years following the termination
of this Agreement.
10. Publication. Subject to paragraph 9, Rutgers/UMDNJ and Principal
Investigators shall be free to use the Study Results for their own
non-commercial purposes, including teaching, research, education, clinical and
publication purposes. Rutgers/UMDNJ shall submit to Sponsor for its review, a
copy of any proposed written disclosure resulting from the Study at least sixty
(60) days prior to the estimated date of publication, and if no response is
received within thirty (30) days of the date submitted to Sponsor, it will be
conclusively presumed that the publication may proceed without delay. For
abstracts, oral presentations or other proposed public disclosures,
Rutgers/UMDNJ shall submit a copy of such abstract, or oral presentation or
other disclosure to Sponsor no later than thirty (30) days prior to the
estimated date of publication, and if no response is received within fifteen
(15) days of the date submitted to Sponsor, it will be conclusively presumed
that the publication may proceed without day. In accordance with Paragraph 13.3
of the License Agreement, if Sponsor determines that the proposed publication
contains patentable subject matters which require protection, Sponsor may
require the delay of publication for such period as may be required to file such
patent application or other Intellectual Property protection not to exceed
ninety (90) days. Rutgers/UMDNJ, Sponsor, the Principal Investigator, and any
other applicable employee of Rutgers/UMDNJ, including but not limited to the
Inventors, shall cooperate in accordance with Paragraph 13.3 of the License
Agreement so as to enable the filing of any patent applications or other
Intellectual Property protection necessary to protect the proprietary interests
of Sponsor and Rutgers/UMDNJ.
11. Improvements and Patent Rights. It is recognized and understood
that certain existing Inventions and technologies are the separate property of
Sponsor or Rutgers/UMDNJ and are not affected by this Agreement, and neither
Party shall have any claims to or rights in such separate inventions and
technologies. Any Improvements (as that term is defined in Section 1.06(b) of
the License Agreement) ("Improvements") resulting from the Study shall be
promptly disclosed
5
<PAGE>
in writing to Sponsor but in no event shall disclosure of such Improvements by
Rutgers/UMDNJ, the Principal Investigator or other researcher be made to any
third party unless in accordance with this paragraph 11; provided, however, that
title to any new Inventions resulting from the Study shall be in Rutgers/UMDNJ.
Inventorship of such Improvements shall be determined in accordance with patent
law or by mutual agreement if the Improvements is not patentable. To the extent
that Rutgers/UMDNJ owns the rights of sole or joint inventorship of such
Invention, Sponsor is hereby granted, without further consideration, an
exclusive right and license to any Improvements upon the terms and conditions
set forth in the License Agreement and such Invention shall be included as a
part of the Patent Rights and Technology Rights. In addition, if any such
Invention is not patentable or otherwise protectable as a trade secret, Sponsor
shall have the right to use, develop, manufacture, have manufactured, market and
employ any such unpatentable Inventions without the obligation to pay any
royalties.
12. Indemnification.
(a) Sponsor agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and defend
Rutgers/UMDNJ, its trustees, officers, employees, and agents from and against
any and all claims, suits, losses, damages, costs, fees, expenses (including
reasonable attorney's fees), and other liabilities asserted by third parties,
both government and non-government, resulting from or arising out of the Study
carried out pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that Sponsor shall
not be liable for (a) the negligence, intentional wrongdoing, or failure to
follow the Research Protocol of the Principal Investigators, Rutgers/UMDNJ, its
trustees, officers, employees and agents and (b) any and all claims for damages
to Rutgers/UMDNJ property or for bodily injury, death or property damage to
employees of Rutgers/UMDNJ or to any third party acting on behalf of or under
the authorization of Rutgers/UMDNJ arising out of the performance of this
Agreement, except for the negligent or intentional acts solely of the Sponsor
with respect to both (a) and (b) above. Without limiting the foregoing, except
for the negligence or willful misconduct of Rutgers/UMDNJ, Sponsor agrees to
indemnify and defend Rutgers/UMDNJ from all liabilities, demands, damages,
expenses and losses (including reasonable attorney fees and expenses of
litigation) arising out of the use by Sponsor, or any party acting on behalf of
or under authorization from Sponsor, of the Study Results or out of any use,
sale or other disposition by Sponsor, or by any party acting on behalf of or
under authorization from Sponsor, of products made or developed incorporating
the Study Results or made by a process incorporating the Study Results. This
paragraph shall survive termination of this Agreement.
(b) Rutgers/UMDNJ agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and defend the
Sponsor, its directors, officers, employees, and agents from and against any and
all claims, suits, losses, damages, costs, fees, expenses (including reasonable
attorney's fees), and other liabilities asserted by third parties, both
government and non-government, resulting from or arising out of the Study
carried out pursuant to this Agreement as a result of the negligence,
intentional wrongdoing of Rutgers/UMDNJ, its trustees, officers, employees and
agents and any and all claims for bodily injury, death or property damage to
employees of Rutgers/UMDNJ or to any third party acting on behalf of or under
the authorization of Rutgers/UMDNJ arising out of the performance of this
Agreement, provided, however, that Rutgers/UMDNJ shall not be liable for the
negligent or intentional acts solely of the
6
<PAGE>
Sponsor. Rutgers/UMDNJ, its trustees, officers, employees and agents shall incur
no liability under this Section 12(b) with respect to any claims, suits, losses,
damages, costs, fees, expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees), and other
liabilities asserted by third parties, both government and non-government, as a
result of product liability and/or patent infringement.
13. Use of a Party's Name. Neither Party will, without the prior
written consent of the other Party, use in advertising, publicity, or otherwise,
the name, trademark, logo, symbol, or other image of the Party or that Party's
employee or agent; provided, however, that Rutgers/UMDNJ ac knowledges and
agrees that Sponsor may use Rutgers/UMDNJ's name and references to this
Agreement and related agreements and the names of the their employees
(including, without limitation, the Principal Investigators) as they may relate
to such agreements in any private placement memorandum, prospectus, registration
statement or any similar disclosure document used by Sponsor for capital raising
and financing purposes as may be required by and in accordance with applicable
laws without such prior written consent. Rutgers/UMDNJ may list the existence of
this Agreement in its internal documents and annual reports and databases which
are available to the public and identify the Project by title, Principal
Investigators, Sponsor, and period and amount of funding.
14. Equipment. Subject to paragraph 11 hereof, title to any equipment,
materials, sup plies and things of value purchased, built, manufactured or
acquired either from Sponsor or from third parties in conjunction with
performance of the Study shall vest in Rutgers/UMDNJ. All such equipment
purchased and/or fabricated by Rutgers/UMDNJ with the funds provided by Sponsor
shall be and remain the property of Rutgers/UMDNJ.
15. Notice. Any notice or other communication required or permitted
under the Agreement shall be in writing and will be deemed be effective on the
date of delivery if delivered in person, by facsimile where confirmed by the
receiving party or if mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt
requested) to the respective addresses given below, or to such other address as
it shall designate by written notice given to the other party:
If to Rutgers:
- -------------
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Office of Corporate Liaison and Technology Transfer
P.O. Box 1179
ASB Annex II, Bevier Road, Busch Campus
Piscataway, NJ 08855-1179
Attn: Director
Fax: (908) 445-5670
If to UMDNJ:
- -----------
UMDNJ
Office of Patents and Licensing
45 Knightsbridge Road
7
<PAGE>
P.O. Box 6810
Piscataway, NJ 08855-6810
Attn: Director
Fax: (908) 235-4449
If to Sponsor:
- -------------
President and CEO
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
4520 Main Street, Ste. 930
Kansas City, Missouri 64111
Attn: Dr. Jeff Jonas
Fax: (816) 960-1334
16. Modification. Any alteration, modification, or amendment to this
Agreement must be in writing and signed by both parties. No changes in the
Research Protocol will be made unless agreed upon in writing by Rutgers/UMDNJ,
Principal Investigators, and Sponsor or unless necessary to protect the safety,
rights, or welfare of the patients or research subjects.
17. Assignment. This Agreement and the rights and duties appertaining
thereto may not be assigned by either Party without first obtaining the written
consent of the other. Any such purported assignment, without the written consent
of the other Party, shall be null and void and of no binding effect.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Rutgers/UMDNJ or Sponsor may assign this
Agreement to the following:
(a) a purchaser, merging or consolidating
corporation, or acquiror of substantially all of
Rutgers/UMDNJ's or Sponsor's assets or business;
or
(b) an Affiliate of Rutgers/UMDNJ or Sponsor subject
to the consent of the other Party, which consent
shall not be unreasonably withheld.
18. Governing Law. The laws of the State of New Jersey shall govern
this Agreement without regard to principles of conflict of laws.
19. Arbitration. In the event that a Party to this Agreement perceives
the existence of a dispute arising from or relating to any provision of this
Agreement, the Parties shall, as soon as practicable, confer in an attempt to
resolve the dispute. If within a reasonable time not to exceed sixty (60) days
from the first notification of a dispute a resolution is not forthcoming, the
dispute shall be determined before a tribunal of three arbitrators in New York,
New York in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association.
One arbitrator shall be selected by Rutgers/UMDNJ, one arbitrator shall be
selected by Sponsor and the third arbitrator shall be selected by mutual
agreement of the first two arbitrators. The costs of such arbitration shall be
borne by the nonprevailing Party. Judgment on the arbitration award may be
entered by any court of competent jurisdiction.
8
<PAGE>
20. Warranties. RUTGERS/UMDNJ MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF THE STUDY OR ANY INVENTION OR PRODUCT INCORPORATING THE
STUDY RESULTS. RUTGERS/UMDNJ WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
OR OTHER DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE RESEARCH OR ANY SUCH INVENTION OR
PRODUCT.
RUTGERS/UMDNJ MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY REGARDING ACTUAL OR
POTENTIAL INFRINGEMENT OF PATENTS COPYRIGHTS OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OF
THIRD PARTIES.
21. Miscellaneous.
(a) Any of the provisions of this Agreement which are
determined to be invalid or unenforceable in any
jurisdiction shall be ineffective to the extent
of such invalidity or unenforceability in such
jurisdiction, without rendering invalid or
unenforceable the remaining provisions hereof or
affecting the validity or unenforceability of any
of the terms of this Agreement in any other
jurisdiction.
(b) The headings and captions used in this Agreement
are for convenience of reference only and shall
not affect its construction or interpretation.
(c) Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is
intended to confer on any person other than the
Parties hereto or their permitted assigns, any
benefits, rights or remedies.
9
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, have
caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives.
Sponsor:
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By: /s/ Dr. Jeffrey Jonas
-------------------------------------
Name: Dr. Jeff Jonas
-------------------------------------
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
-------------------------------------
Date: 5/1/97
-------------------------------------
Rutgers:
RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY
By: /s/ William Adams
-------------------------------------
Name: William Adams
-------------------------------------
Title: Director
-------------------------------------
Date: 4/29/97
-------------------------------------
UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY
By: /s/ L.M. Stephenson
-------------------------------------
Name: L.M. Stephenson
-------------------------------------
Title: Director, Patents & Licensing
-------------------------------------
Date: 5/1/97
-------------------------------------
Acknowledged and Approved:
/s/ Dr. Edmond LaVoie
--------------------------------------------
Principal Investigator
Name: Dr. Edmond LaVoie
--------------------------------------
Date: 4/28/97
--------------------------------------
/s/ Dr. Leroy Liu
--------------------------------------------
Principal Investigator
Name: Dr. Leroy Liu
--------------------------------------
Date: 4/28/97
--------------------------------------
10
<PAGE>
Exhibit A
Budget Allocations Projected for Year 1
The major objective of this program is to advance the development of
terbenzimidazoles and protoberberines and related compounds as clinical
topoisomerase I poisons. A full time Research Assistant, working together with
Dr. Zhao, under the direction of Professor LaVoie will advance these research
programs.
Personnel:
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fringe
Effort Cost Benefits Total
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
E.J. LaVoie, Ph.D. 40% $12,190 $0 $12,190
(Summer Salary)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bao-Ping Zhao 50% $21,000 $4,620 $25,620
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Research Assistant 100% $32,000 $7,040 $39,040
(22%)
============================================================================
Total Personnel: $76,850
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Supplies:
-----------------------------------------------
Chemicals, Solvents, Gases $12,500
-----------------------------------------------
Glassware $2,000
-----------------------------------------------
Chromatography Absorbents $2,500
-----------------------------------------------
Total Supplies $17,000
-----------------------------------------------
Other:
-----------------------------------------------
Equipment Repair $1,200
-----------------------------------------------
Mass Spectrometry $2,000
-----------------------------------------------
Elemental Analyses $ 500
-----------------------------------------------
NMR Spectrometry $1,500
-----------------------------------------------
Office Costs $ 950
-----------------------------------------------
Total Miscellaneous Costs $6,150
-----------------------------------------------
Total Direct Costs: $100,000
<PAGE>
Exhibit A (Continued)
This budget will essentially remain similar for years 2-3.
Normal annual costs: $ 100,000 direct costs
[***] indirect costs @ 57%
---------
$ [***] total costs
Special Indirect Cost Schedule: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
- ------------------------------- ------ ------ ------
Normal IC @ 57% $[***] $[***] $[***]
Available IC @ 25% $[***]
------
Available IC @ 30% $[***]
------
Available IC @ 35% $[***]
------
Net Reduction (Deferred Indirect) $[***] $[***] $[***]
Total Budget for Year 1
$100,000 + $[***] (indirect costs not deferred) = $[***]
Total Budget for Year 2
$100,000 + $[***] (indirect costs not deferred) = $[***]
Total Budget for Year 3
$100,000 + $[***] (indirect costs not deferred) = $[***]
Deferred Indirect Costs of $[***] to be paid according to Article 4.
[***] Confidential Treatment Requested
<PAGE>
Exhibit B
The objectives associated with this research agreement can be divided into three
distinct categories. These are [***]. This document outlines the specific aims
which will be undertaken in the advancement of these objectives.
[***]
[***] Confidential Treatment Requested
EXHIBIT 10.17
SPONSORED RESEARCH AGREEMENT
----------------------------
This Research Agreement (the "Agreement") dated as of May 12, 1997 is
entered into by and between The Texas A&M University System ("University"), with
principal offices in College Station, Texas, and Avax Technologies, Inc.
("Sponsor"), a Delaware corporation having its principal place of business at
4520 Main Street, Ste. 930, Kansas City, MO, 64111. All capitalized terms used
herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed for
such terms in the License Agreement (as hereinafter defined).
WHEREAS, Sponsor, pursuant to the License Agreement dated February 17,
1997 between University and Sponsor (the "License Agreement"), is the exclusive
licensee of University's rights to certain patent applications (as more fully
defined therein) relating to a family of molecules known as the
Alkyl-Substituted Dibenzofurans.
WHEREAS, Sponsor desires to support research conducted by University
upon the terms and conditions as set forth herein;
WHEREAS, University has the facilities and the personnel with the
requisite skills, experience, and knowledge to undertake such Study; and
WHEREAS, the Study contemplated by this Agreement is of mutual interest
and benefit to University and Sponsor.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. Description of the Study and Budget. University and the Principal
Investigator agree to conduct research at the Texas Agricultural Experimentation
Station of the Texas A&M University System to further develop the dibenzofurans
technology (the "Study"). The Study shall be conducted in accordance with the
plan of work, attached hereto as Exhibit A and forming a part of this Agreement.
The Principal Investigator (as defined in the below paragraph 2) may make shifts
among items of expense when necessary to accomplish objectives of the Study.
2. Principal Investigator. The Principal Investigator (the "Principal
Investigator"), a full-time employee of the University, shall be Dr. Stephen
H. Safe. The Principal Investigator agrees to use best efforts to perform the
work required under this Agreement. If Dr. Safe is unable to continue to
serve as Principal Investigator and the parties hereto are unable to agree on
a successor acceptable to both University and Sponsor within a reasonable
time not to exceed ninety (90) days, the Agreement shall be terminated in
accordance with Paragraph 7.
<PAGE>
3. Compliance with Laws. The Study will be conducted in
accordance with, and the Principal Investigator shall comply with all
federal, state, and local laws and regulations applicable to the Study.
4. Awards and Payments. In consideration of the work to be performed
under this Agreement as set forth in Exhibit A, Sponsor shall provide financial
support for the Study as set forth in the budget (the "Budget") attached hereto
as Exhibit B and forming a part of this Agreement. The Budget for the first year
of the Study, and extensions mutually agreed upon by the parties, shall be
payable in accordance with the payment schedule included in Exhibit B, with the
exception that the first such payment by Sponsor to University shall be due
ninety (90) days from the Effective Date (as defined in Paragraph 6 below).
Subject to the immediately succeeding sentence, the exact Budget for each year
of the Study commencing after the first year shall be added to Exhibit at the
same time the Research Protocol for such year is added to Exhibit A pursuant to
Paragraph 1 and shall be part of the negotiations contemplated in Paragraph 1.
Subject to Paragraph 7 of this Agreement, Sponsor shall provide University with
sponsored research funding of Dr. Stephen H. Safe's laboratory at University in
the amount of not more than $108,750 for each of the first three agreement years
unless such greater amount is mutually agreed to by the parties hereto.
5. Independent Contractor. University and the Principal Investigator's
relationship to Sponsor under this Agreement shall be that of an independent
contractor and not an agent, joint venturer or partner of Sponsor and shall not
otherwise be construed as creating any other form of legal association or
arrangement which would impose liability upon one Party for the act or failure
to act of the other Party.
6. Effective Date and Term. The "Effective Date" shall be thirty (30)
days from the date of the signing of this Agreement. This Agreement shall
continue in effect for three (3) years or until completion of the Study (the
"Term") or termination of this Agreement pursuant to Paragraph 7 herein. The
research proposal set forth in Exhibit A shall be deemed completed for the
purposes of this Paragraph 6 whenever:
(a) the Study is concluded by the Principal Investigator;
(b) the Principal Investigator leaves the employ of the
University.
7. Termination. This Agreement may be terminated as follows:
(a) Either Party may immediately terminate this Agreement due
to any material breach or default of any material
provision of this Agreement upon sixty (60) days prior
written notice to the other Party unless such breach or
default is cured within such sixty (60) day period.
<PAGE>
(b) Sponsor may terminate this Agreement upon ninety (90)
days written notice.
(c) Sponsor may terminate this Agreement upon thirty (30)
days written notice if the Principal Investigator is
unable to complete the Study and the parties are unable
to agree upon a successor within a reasonable time
pursuant to Paragraph 2 hereinabove.
(d) Sponsor may terminate this Agreement if the
Principal Investigator leaves the employment of the
University.
If this Agreement is terminated prior to the end of the Term, all funds paid to
the time of termination shall be considered non-recoverable. Also, University's
sole damages and remedy shall be to recover from Sponsor all amounts owed for
work completed and expenses committed through the date of termination based
pro-rata upon the figures in Exhibit A; provided, however, that Sponsor shall
continue to pay to University for all non-cancelable employment obligations
incurred by University as a result of this Agreement, except for the Principal
Investigator, for the remainder of any Agreement year which has begun and within
such year the termination has occurred. Paragraphs 9 (Confidential Information),
10 (Publication), 11 (Inventions and Patent Rights), 12 (Indemnification), and
13 (Use of Name) shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
Termination of this Agreement shall have no effect on the rights and obligations
of the Sponsor in contained in the License Agreement.
8. Research Data and Reporting; Site Visits.
(a) All research data, including copies of laboratory
notebooks and other relevant information generated during the Study shall be
promptly and fully disclosed to Sponsor, and shall be freely usable by Sponsor
consistent with good business judgment. University shall submit a complete
written progress report after the Study is completed. The Principal
Investigator, with the concurrence of the University, shall submit interim
progress reports not less than annually nor more than quarterly, providing the
Sponsor with a narrative account of the research performed, expenditures
incurred, the results of the research and the supporting data concerning the
research conducted during such period, within (60) days of the end of such
quarter or year, as the case may be.
(b) From time to time during the term of this Agreement,
Sponsor may, upon reasonable notice, send one or more representatives to the
University to discuss with the Principal Investigator and their associates the
results of the Study and the details of the investigative techniques being
employed therein. The representatives shall be identified to University and the
timing of such site visits shall be reasonably acceptable to University.
<PAGE>
(c) Milestones are expected to change during the course of the
Study and shall be jointly agreed to between the Principal Investigator and
Sponsor during the course of expected monthly meetings.
9. Confidential Information. "Confidential Information" shall mean
all information provided by one Party to the other and clearly
identified as "Confidential" by the transmitting Party at the time of
disclosure. If such transmittal occurs orally, the transmitting Party will
promptly reduce such transmittal in writing, mark and identify it as
confidential, and provide such record to the other Party. Specifically
excepted from this is all information:
(a) known by the receiving Party prior to the receipt
of such information from the disclosing Party;
(b) that was in the public domain or enters the public
domain through no improper act on the part of the
Sponsor or on the part of any of the Sponsor's employees;
(c) subject to Paragraph 10 of this Agreement, which has
been approved for public release by written
authorization by the Foundation;
(d) rightfully received by the receiving Party
without an express obligation of confidence;
(e) independently developed by personnel of either Party
who are not working under this Agreement; or
(f) disclosed pursuant to any judicial or government request,
requirement or order, provided that the disclosing Party
takes reasonable steps to provide the other Party to
contest such request, requirement or order.
Subject to publication provisions of Paragraph 10, neither Party will disclose
the other Party's Confidential Information without prior written authorization
from the other. This provision shall remain in effect for five (5) years
following the termination of this Agreement.
10. Publication. Subject to Paragraph 9, University and Principal
Investigator shall be free to use the results of the research for their own
non-commercial purposes, including teaching, research, education, clinical and
publication purposes, without the payment of royalties or other fees. University
shall submit to Sponsor for its review, a copy of any proposed written, oral or
other disclosure which relates to the Patent Rights, Licensed Improvements and
Technology (as those terms are defined in the License Agreement) at least sixty
(60) days prior to the estimated date of publication, and if no
<PAGE>
response is received within thirty (30) days of the date submitted to Sponsor,
it will be conclusively presumed that the publication may proceed without delay.
For abstracts, oral presentations or other proposed public disclosures,
University shall submit a copy of such abstract, or oral presentation or other
disclosure to Sponsor no later than thirty (30) days prior to the estimated date
of publication, and if no response is received within fifteen (15) days of the
date submitted to Sponsor, it will be conclusively presumed that the publication
may proceed without day. If Sponsor determines that the proposed publication
contains information that should remain proprietary Sponsor may request that
such information be removed from the proposed publication or disclosure. If
Sponsor determines that such disclosures contain patentable subject matters
which require protection, Sponsor may require the delay of publication for such
period as may be required to file such patent application or other Intellectual
Property protection. University, Sponsor, the Principal Investigator and any
other applicable employee of University shall cooperate so as to enable the
filing of any patent applications or other Intellectual Property protection
necessary to protect the proprietary interests of Sponsor and University.
11. Inventions and Patent Rights. It is recognized and understood that
certain existing inventions and technologies are the separate property of
Sponsor or University and are not affected by this Agreement, and neither Party
shall have any claims to or rights in such separate inventions and technologies.
Any new inventions, developments or discoveries (including, without limitations,
technical information, know-how, and Improvements [as that term is defined in
the License Agreement]) (collectively referred to hereinafter as the
"Inventions") resulting from the Study shall be promptly disclosed in writing to
Sponsor but in no event shall disclosure of such Invention by University, the
Principal Investigator or other researcher be made to any third Party unless in
accordance with Paragraph 10. Title to any new Inventions resulting from the
Study shall be in University if discovered by University employees, and in
Sponsor if discovered by employees of Sponsor. Inventorship of such Inventions
shall be determined in accordance with patent law or by mutual agreement if the
Invention is not patentable. To the extent that University owns the rights of
sole or joint inventorship of such Invention, Sponsor is hereby granted, without
further consideration, an exclusive worldwide right and license to any
patentable Invention upon the terms and conditions set forth in the License
Agreement if Sponsor elects to fund the patent prosecution of such Invention and
such patentable Invention shall be included as a part of the Patent Rights. In
addition, if any such Invention is not patentable or otherwise protectable as a
trade secret, Sponsor shall have the right to use, develop, manufacture, have
manufactured, market and employ any such unpatentable Inventions without the
obligation to pay any royalties.
12. Indemnification.
(a) Sponsor agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and defend
University, its trustees, officers, employees, and agents from and against any
and all claims, suits, losses, damages, costs, fees, expenses (including
reasonable attorney's fees), and other liabilities asserted by third parties,
both government and non-government, resulting from
<PAGE>
or arising out of the Study carried out pursuant to this Agreement; provided,
however, that Sponsor shall not be liable for (a) the negligence, intentional
wrongdoing, or failure to follow the Research Protocol of the Principal
Investigators, University, its trustees, officers, employees and agents and (b)
any and all claims for damages to University property or for bodily injury,
death or property damage to employees of University or to any third party acting
on behalf of or under the authorization of University arising out of the
performance of this Agreement, except for the negligent or intentional acts
solely of the Sponsor with respect to both (a) and (b) above. Without limiting
the foregoing, except for the negligence or willful misconduct of University,
Sponsor agrees to indemnify and defend University from all liabilities, demands,
damages, expenses and losses (including reasonable attorney fees and expenses of
litigation) arising out of the use by Sponsor, or any Party acting on behalf of
or under authorization from Sponsor, of the Study Results or out of any use,
sale or other disposition by Sponsor, or by any Party acting on behalf of or
under authorization from Sponsor, of products made or developed incorporating
the Study Results or made by a process incorporating the Study Results. This
paragraph shall survive termination of this Agreement.
(b) University agrees, to the extent permitted by the laws of
the State of Texas, to indemnify, hold harmless and defend the Sponsor, its
directors, officers, employees, and agents from and against any and all claims,
suits, losses, damages, costs, fees, expenses (including reasonable attorney's
fees), and other liabilities asserted by third parties, both government and
non-government, resulting from or arising out of the Study carried out pursuant
to this Agreement as a result of the negligence, intentional wrongdoing of
University, its trustees, officers, employees and agents and any and all claims
for bodily injury, death or property damage to employees of University or to any
third party acting on behalf of or under the authorization of University arising
out of the performance of this Agreement, provided, however, that University
shall not be liable for the negligent or intentional acts solely of the Sponsor.
University, its trustees, officers, employees and agents shall incur no
liability under this Section 12(b) with respect to any claims, suits, losses,
damages, costs, fees, expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees), and other
liabilities asserted by third parties, both government and non-government, as a
result of product liability and/or patent infringement.
13. Use of a Party's Name. Neither Party shall, without the prior
written consent of the other Party, use in advertising, publicity, or otherwise,
the name, trademark, logo, symbol, or other image of the Party or that Party's
employee or agent; provided, however, that University acknowledges and agrees
that Sponsor may use University's name and references to this Agreement and
related agreements and the names of the their employees (including, without
limitation, the Principal Investigator) as they may relate to such agreements in
any private placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or any
similar disclosure document used by Sponsor for capital raising and financing
purposes as may be required by and in accordance with applicable laws without
such prior written consent.
<PAGE>
14. Notice. Any notice or other communication required or permitted
under the Agreement shall be in writing and will be deemed given as of the
date it is received by the receiving Party. Notice shall be given to the
parties at the addresses listed below:
If to University:
Dr. Stephen H. Safe
Texas A&M University
Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology
College Station, TX 77843-4466
Office of Technology Transfer
Attn: John C. Key, III
Technology Licensing Manager
The Texas A&M University System
310 Wisenbaker
College Station, TX 77843-3369
If to Sponsor:
Dr. Jeff Jonas
President and Chief Executive Officer
Avax Technologies, Inc.
4520 Main Street, Ste. 930
Kansas City, MO 64111
15. Modification. Any alteration, modification, or amendment to this
Agreement must be in writing and signed by both parties. No changes in the
Research Protocol will be made unless agreed upon by University, Principal
Investigator, and Sponsor or unless necessary to protect the safety, rights, or
welfare of the patients or research subjects.
16. Assignment. This Agreement and the rights and duties
appertaining thereto may not be assigned by either Party without first
obtaining the written consent of the other. Any such purported assignment,
without the written consent of the other Party, shall be null and of no
effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, University or Sponsor may assign this
Agreement to the following:
(a) a purchaser, merging or consolidating corporation, or
acquiror of substantially all of University's or
Sponsor's assets or business; or
(b) an Affiliate of University or Sponsor subject to the
consent of the other Party which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld.
<PAGE>
17. Miscellaneous.
(a) Any of the provisions of this Agreement which are
determined to be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall be
ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability in such
jurisdiction, without rendering invalid or unenforceable the remaining
provisions hereof or affecting the validity or unenforceability of any of the
terms of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction.
(b) The headings and captions used in this Agreement are for
convenience of reference only and shall not affect its construction or
interpretation.
(c) Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended
to confer on any person other than the parties hereto or their permitted
assigns, any benefits, rights or remedies.
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties, intending to be legally bound, have
caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives.
Sponsor:
AVAX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By: /s/ Dr. Jeffrey Jonas
-------------------------------------
Name: Dr. Jeffrey Jonas
-------------------------------------
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
-------------------------------------
Date: 5/12/97
-------------------------------------
TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT
STATION:
By: /s/ Barry Thompson
-------------------------------------
Name: Barry Thompson
-------------------------------------
Title: Chancellor
-------------------------------------
Date: 5/12/97
-------------------------------------
Acknowledged and Approved:
By: /s/ Steven H. Safe
-------------------------------------
Name: Dr. Steven H. Safe
-------------------------------------
Title: Principal Investigator
-------------------------------------
Date: 5/12/97
-------------------------------------
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A
---------
ANTIESTROGENIC ACTIVITIES OF ALTERNATED-SUBSTITUTED
ALKYL PCDFs - PROPOSED STUDIES
S. Safe
Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology
Texas A&M University
College Station, TX 77843-4466
Background
[***]
Proposed Studies
1. [***]
2. [***]
[***] Confidential Treatment Requested
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT B
ANNUAL BUDGET
-------------
EST. SALARY
% EFFORT + FRINGE AMOUNT
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
PERSONNEL
- ---------
Research Assistant for
chemical synthesis 100% $30,000
Graduate research assistant
for biology/toxicology 100% $19,000
Secretarial/data analysis 8% $21,500
SUB-TOTAL $ 51,500
CHEMICALS
- ---------
Purchase of chemical intermediates, glassware,
equipment, chromatographic supplies, upgrade
of gas chromatograph, NMR and GC-MS services $ 13,500
ANIMALS
- -------
Cost of carcinogenesis preliminary
toxicology studies $ 10,000
--------
TOTAL DIRECT COSTS $ 75,000
TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS $ 33,750
========
TOTAL $108,750
ESTIMATED COST FOR A THREE (3) YEAR COMMITMENT $326,250
Exhibit 11
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Six
Month of Months O/S Weighted Year Year Months Months
Issuance For Number of Each Given Average Ended Ended Ended Ended
F/S Purposes Shares Year Shares 1995 1996 30-Jun-96 30-Jun-97
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
January '90 582,500 582,500 582,500 582,500 582,500
August '91 230,000 230,000 230,000 230,000 230,000
June '92 287,098 287,098 287,098 287,098 287,098
Series A Preferred:
June '92 259,375 (a) (a) (a)
July '92 59,375
Sept '92 3,125
321,875 321,875
July '93 7,358
November '93 1,359
8,717 8,717 8,717 8,717 8,717
July '94 3,750 - 3,750 3,750 3,750 3,750
April '95 (111,330) 8.5 (78,859) (78,859)
May '95 (196,618) 7.5 (122,886) (122,886)
September '95 402,490 3.5 117,393 (b)
November '95 1,374,728 2.5 286,402 (b)
1,469,270 202,050 1,469,270 1,469,270 1,469,270
March '96 (77,901) 9.5 (61,672) (45,442)
May & June '96 321,875 7 187,760 53,646
May & June '96 129,099 7 75,308 21,517
June '96 500 6.5 271 42
July '96 (d) 46,875 5.5 21,484
420,448 223,152 223,152 420,448
June '97 (g) 371,755 0.5 15,490 15,490
Cheap Shares:
September and
November '95 1,777,218
Treasury Shares (1,814)
1,775,404 1,775,404
June '96 9,375
Treasury Shares (96)
9,279 9,279 9,279 9,279 9,279
CheapWarrants (c):
January and February '96
and August '95 120,000
Treasury Shares (1,225)
118,775 118,775 118,775 118,775 118,775
June, July and ( f )
September '92 warrants 35,337
Treasury Shares (23,348)
11,989 11,989 11,989 11,989 11,989
Cheap Options (e)
May '96 318,873
Treasury Shares (81,345)
237,528 237,528 237,528 237,528 237,528
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share (continued)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted Average Shares 3,385,171 3,182,058 2,988,668 3,394,844
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders 642,282 (2,668,586) (1,636,821) (2,098,301)
Net Income (Loss) Per Share $ 0.19 $ (0.84) $ (0.55) $ (0.62)
</TABLE>
(a)- Not included because it would be anti-dilutive
(b - see cheap shares
(c)- represents bridge loan warrants (100,000) issued within one year of
IPO, exercised after June '96 Also includes 20,000 bridge placement
warrants issued within one year of IPO, not yet exercised, and excludes
11,250 bridge placement warrants issued prior to June '95, not yet
exercised (20,000 + 11,250 = 31,250 total bridge placement warrants)
(d)- represents the non-cheap portion of the bridge warrants exercised in
July issued prior to June '95 (9,375 + 100,000 + 46,875 = 156,250 total
bridge warrants)
(e)- 252,500 options issued to Officers and an employee in September not
considered cheap options since issued subsequent to IPO and not
included because it would be anti-dilutive
(f)- represents additional warrants, exercised in June '97 in cashless
exercise, issued under anti-dilution provisions within one year of IPO
(g)- includes 14,433 additional warrants, exercised in June '97 in a
cashless exercise, issued under anti-dilution provisions more than one
year prior to IPO
<PAGE>
AVAX Technologies, Inc.
Computation of Supplementary Earnings (Loss) Per Share
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Six
Year Months Months
Ended Ended Ended
1996 30-Jun-96 30-Jun-97
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders (2,668,586) (1,636,821) (2,098,301)
Interest on Debt Repaid 55,247 55,247 -
Deferred Financing Cost related to Debt Repaid - - -
---------- ---------- ----------
Supplementary Net Income (Loss) (2,613,339) (1,581,574) (2,098,301)
--------- --------- ----------
Weighted Average Shares 3,182,058 2,988,668 3,394,844
Additional Shares:
Conversion of Series A Preferred 321,875 321,875 (f)
Less:Series A Preferred included in primary calculation (187,760) - -
Common Stock Equivalents sold to retire debt 320,664 320,664 320,664
--------- --------- ---------
Supplementary Weighted Average Shares 3,636,837 3,631,207 3,715,508
--------- -------- ---------
Supplementary Net Income (Loss) per share $ (0.72) $ (0.44) $ (0.56)
</TABLE>
(f) - Included in weighted average shares for primary calculation
EXHIBIT 23.2
Consent of Independent Auditors
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" and to the
use of our report dated January 29, 1997 (except Note 1, as to which the date is
May 7, 1997) in Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement
(Form SB-2 No. 333-09349) and related Prospectus of AVAX Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Walden Laboratories, Inc.) for the registration of 7,047,788 shares of
common stock.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Ernst & Young LLP
Kansas City, Missouri
August 13, 1997
<PAGE>
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM
THE COMPANY'S REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON FORM SB-2, FILE NO. 333-09349
</LEGEND>
<S> <C> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR 6-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1996 DEC-31-1997
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1996 JUN-30-1997
<CASH> 20,968,831 9,707,661
<SECURITIES> 0 8,182,100
<RECEIVABLES> 0 0
<ALLOWANCES> 0 0
<INVENTORY> 0 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 21,952,624 19,175,400
<PP&E> 0 71,689
<DEPRECIATION> 0 7,589
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 23,084,002 19,239,500
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 1,209,231 1,405,134
<BONDS> 0 0
0 0
2,592 2,449
<COMMON> 11,857 14,073
<OTHER-SE> 20,729,249 17,834,366
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 20,743,698 19,239,500
<SALES> 0 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 0 0
<CGS> 0 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 0 0
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 460,259 463,359
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 206,222 (81,238)
<INCOME-PRETAX> (505,077) 0
<INCOME-TAX> 0 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 0 0
<DISCONTINUED> 0 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0 0
<CHANGES> 0 0
<NET-INCOME> (505,077) (2,098,301)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (0.27) (.62)
<EPS-DILUTED> 0 0
</TABLE>
