SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[x] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended April 30, 1997
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____ to _____
Commission File No. 0-21359
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 51-0374596
(State of or other jurisdiction (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
Kungsgatan 12-14, Box 7733
103 95 Stockholm, Sweden
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: 011-468-676-5000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.01 par value
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all
reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that
the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant
to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statement incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 1997, was approximately
$87,509,000.
At June 30, 1997, 15,756,903 shares of the registrant's Common
Stock, $.01 par value, and 12,088,200 shares of the registrant's non-voting
Class B Common Stock, $.01 par value, were outstanding.
PAGE
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant incorporates by reference in Part III of this Report
specified portions of its definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with its 1997 Annual Meeting
of Shareholders ("1997 Proxy Statement").
PAGE
<PAGE>
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP. ("IMI" or the "Company"), was
incorporated in the State of Delaware in 1995 and conducts its business
through domestic and international subsidiaries. The Company's business was
founded in 1967 and incorporated in Sweden as Industri-Matematik AB ("IMAB").
In May 1995, the then shareholders of IMAB exchanged all of their IMAB shares
for shares of the Company's capital stock and IMAB became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company. Pursuant to a Prospectus dated September 25, 1996,
5,060,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock (including the underwriters'
over-allotment portion) were sold to the public in an initial public offering
and the Company's Common Stock now trades on the Nasdaq National Market under
the symbol "IMIC".
IMI develops, markets, and supports client/server application software
that enables manufacturers, distributors and wholesalers to more effectively
manage the "demand chain." Demand chain management encompasses the execution
of multiple customer-focused order fulfillment processes, including order
management, distribution management, inventory replenishment, and demand chain
planning. The Company's principal product, System ESS, has been designed
specifically to meet the complex or high-volume demand chain management
requirements of medium and large manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers.
System ESS allows customers to leverage the value of their existing systems by
integrating with legacy and new client/server manufacturing, advanced
planning, and financial management systems. Current customers of IMI include
Black & Decker, British Airways PLC, Campbell Soup Company, Canon U.S.A.,
Inc., Kellogg Company, Nike Inc., Pioneer Standard Electronics, Inc.,
ProSource Distribution Services, Inc., Skyway Freight Systems, Starbucks
Corporation, and Unisys Corporation.
INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
In recent years, there has been a fundamental shift in market power from
manufacturers and distributors to retailers and consumers. This shift has
resulted from the convergence of a number of trends, including the rapid
proliferation in the number and variety of product offerings, shorter product
life cycles, the emergence of more informed and demanding consumers, and the
evolution of the retailing industry from local stores to large national and
regional chains of department and discount stores, "superstores", and
specialty category stores. These trends have continued to change the way
manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers must conduct their businesses to
compete effectively. Historically, manufacturers dictated the terms of trade
with retailers and consumers and, consequently, organized their businesses
primarily to increase manufacturing efficiency and output. Today, customers
increasingly are choosing suppliers based on their ability to match product
flow to actual customer demand. As a result, manufacturers and distributors
are reorganizing their businesses to focus on satisfying customer demand
through effective integrated order fulfillment.
Effective integrated order fulfillment is a complex logistics challenge,
requiring manufacturers and distributors to manage broadening product
portfolios, multinational distribution, reduced delivery response times,
frequent and customer-specific product promotions, lower inventory levels,
rapidly changing consumer behavior, and more complex manufacturing strategies,
involving global sourcing and assembly from a network of internal and
outsourced manufacturers and suppliers. To compete more effectively,
manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers must synchronize their internal
planning and execution functions with external participants in the demand
chain, including consumers, retailers, distributors, manufacturing
subcontractors, and suppliers. The efficient management and operation of this
"virtual enterprise" requires capturing information from customer orders most
effectively by using electronic commerce to facilitate communication to and
from customers and delivering it to support manufacturing resource planning
("MRP"), financial reporting, and decision support systems. Managing the flow
of information for this complex order fulfillment process is critical to
monitoring such variables as product profitability across customers and
geographies, planning the timing and impact of promotional activities, and
meeting demand on a customer-by-customer and product-by-product basis.
In order to cope with the logistics challenges of delivering the right
product to the right location at the right time and at the right price,
manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers, as well as industry consultants
and enterprise application software vendors, in recent years have emphasized
the need to integrate and more effectively manage what is commonly known as
the "supply chain." The supply chain refers to the movement of products from
raw material suppliers to manufacturers, to distributors, to wholesalers, to
retailers, and, ultimately, to consumers. In an attempt to achieve the
effective integration and management of their supply chains, many companies
began to replace their legacy manufacturing and distribution systems with
client/server enterprise resource planning ("ERP") systems which support MRP,
financial reporting, and some degree of logistics management functionality.
These software solutions traditionally focus on manufacturing efficiency and
financial reporting.
Existing ERP systems tend to focus on supply chain management from a
manufacturer-centric or supply-driven point of view and, in attempting to meet
the changing requirements of today's customer-focused or demand-driven
environment, fail to achieve many of the following fundamental strategic
objectives for manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers:
Automating the Order Fulfillment Process. A high level of system
functionality is required for effective fulfillment of orders placed
by thousands of customers regarding specialized products under
differing promotional and packaging schemes. Typically, integrated
ERP systems are not optimized to meet these complex needs, leading to
delayed shipments or added administrative costs. In particular,
existing ERP systems typically cannot disaggregate large orders into
their individual components, or "order lines", to cater to differing
customer needs on a product by product basis.
Management of a Heterogeneous Customer Base. As market power has
shifted to retailers and consumers, manufacturers, distributors, and
wholesalers now are forced to accommodate highly specific customer
order fulfillment procedures and other requirements that are dictated
by the retailer or consumer. Integrated ERP systems have been designed
to maximize the output efficiency of the manufacturer and supplier and
typically lack the capabilities necessary to track customer demand and
respond efficiently to highly variable order fulfillment requirements.
Scalability. The volume and complexity of customer orders
necessitates a highly scalable order fulfillment solution. The Company
believes that the leading integrated ERP systems do not meet the
transaction volume requirements of many manufacturers, distributors,
and wholesalers, which can require a solution capable of efficiently
processing in excess of 10 million complex order lines per year.
Globalized Logistics. Worldwide enterprises must manage their
businesses across multiple legal entities, in multiple currencies and
multiple languages, with product sourcing from a variety of physical
locations, including company-owned manufacturing facilities and
warehouses, public warehouses, and third-party suppliers. In order to
support logistics across this type of global network, ERP systems
typically require redundant systems in multiple locations.
Adaptability for Electronic Commerce. The virtual enterprise
concept only can be implemented successfully if there is
compatibility between internal and external information systems.
Increasingly, electronic data interchange ("EDI") and other modes of
electronic communication, such as the Internet, provide links between
an enterprise and its customers and suppliers. ERP systems often lack
the ease of connectivity required for electronic commerce.
Timely Implementation. The order fulfillment process is a complex
and mission-critical application. Companies require high-performance
functionality 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. Many buyers of ERP
systems have spent one or more years, and considerable resources,
attempting to implement a client/server solution without significant
success.
STRATEGY
The Company's objective is to be the leading global supplier of demand
chain management software solutions to manufacturers, distributors, and
wholesalers. The key elements of IMI's strategy to achieve this leading
position are as follows:
Target Vertical Markets. The Company has to date focused its marketing,
sales, and product development efforts towards establishing quality reference
customers in specific vertical markets, particularly the consumer packaged
goods market and the high-volume wholesale distribution industry. The Company
is increasingly targeting other vertical markets which are characterized by a
need for highly flexible solutions that can support large and complex
transaction volumes, including the health care, automotive parts, electronics,
and industrial products sectors as well as the third-party logistics sector.
Expand Sales, Support, Service, and Marketing Organizations. IMI
currently sells and supports System ESS through direct sales and support
organizations in North America and Europe. IMI plans to continue to invest
significantly in expanding its sales, support, service and marketing
organizations in North America, Europe and Asia/Pacific. As IMI increasingly
targets large, multinational customers and as existing customers migrate their
System ESS installations to other divisions internationally, the Company
intends to provide sales and support services on a worldwide basis. In fiscal
1997 the Company opened Sales/Support offices in Australia, Germany, and the
Netherlands.
Expand Usage Within Existing Customer Base. A substantial majority of
the Company's customers are large multinational enterprises that initially
have licensed System ESS for use within one or more specific divisions. IMI
believes that a significant opportunity exists within its established customer
base to expand usage of its software by licensing new sites and additional
users.
Enhance Core Product Functionality. The Company intends to continue to
focus its product development resources on the development and enhancement of
demand chain management software solutions. IMI has over 20 years of
experience in developing logistics management software. The Company intends to
continue to increase product functionality. IMI currently is funding
development efforts to increase order volume throughput, support Windows NT
servers, enhance and expand Internet and Intranet applications, and introduce
object-oriented technology.
Integrate with Complementary Products. The Company believes that the
ability to offer a software product that can integrate seamlessly with
selected third party components to provide a comprehensive solution tailored
for a particular vertical market is a key competitive advantage. The Company
intends to continue to integrate System ESS with complementary planning,
manufacturing, finance and decision support systems developed by others.
Partner agreements have been signed to that effect with Oracle Corporation,
Business Objects S.A., Frontec AMT AB, i2 Technologies, Taxware International,
and Jetforms.
Establish Partnerships to Leverage Third Party Strengths. In addition to
its direct sales and support organizations, the Company has and will continue
to establish partnerships with third parties to assist the Company in
developing customer relationships and in successfully customizing and
implementing System ESS.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
IMI provides a solution for developing demand chain management systems:
System ESS, a client/server integrated order fulfillment system and a set of
robust development tools. In addition, the Company and its third party systems
integrator partners provide a complete range of customer services, including
training, consulting, and maintenance.
System ESS
System ESS is an open systems, client/server demand chain management
solution that provides full capabilities for managing and executing the entire
order fulfillment process, including order management, distribution
management, service management, demand replenishment, price and promotion
management, global organization management, electronic commerce, and decision
support.
System ESS can currently operate on UNIX server platforms from Hewlett-
Packard Corporation, IBM, Digital Equipment Corporation , Sun Solaris, and
Sequent Corporation. In April 1997, the Company introduced a new version of
System ESS that provides an object-oriented architecture, operates on a
Windows NT server platform, supports Internet-based electronic commerce and
supports 7 languages in total. System ESS supports Microsoft Windows and Web-
and Java-based clients. System ESS makes full use of relational database
technology, storing each field in its own column, using descriptive column
names and identifying primary key/foreign key relations. Since System ESS
makes optimal use of relational database technology, additional third party
tools and complementary applications are easily integrated with System ESS. At
the time System ESS is delivered to a client and installed on a customer's
system, System ESS is fully capable, without additional modification, of
providing the functionality described below. In general, relatively little
modification to, or customization of, the standard System ESS software is
required in order for the software to meet the basic functionality
requirements of individual customers.
System ESS solution components include:
Order Management. System ESS performs the core customer interaction
functions, including customer order receipt, validation, pricing and
invoicing. The order management process initiates and concludes the entire
integrated order fulfillment process and enables users to monitor,
troubleshoot, and proactively expedite order exceptions throughout the order
cycle. System ESS flexibly manages a diverse set of order types, including
standard orders, samples, templates, export, assemble to order, stock
transfers, and quotes.
Distribution Management. System ESS manages the transactional processes
involving inbound and outbound product movement. The distribution management
process defines the configuration and interaction of all components in the
distribution network, such as warehouses and finished goods. Through tight
integration with order management and sophisticated product reserva-
tion/allocation methods, System ESS distribution management enables companies
to manage efficiently the logistics of fulfilling a customer order. In
addition to a comprehensive outbound (pick-pack-ship) and inbound (finished
goods receipt and putaway) logistics solution, System ESS provides a solution
for customer returns, cross-docking, cycle count/physical inventory, and
transportation scheduling.
Demand Replenishment. System ESS performs detailed inventory management
functions involving the sourcing and replenishment of goods in the
distribution network. System ESS establishes a "pull-driven" environment which
optimizes inventory levels and shipment of goods precisely when a customer
needs them. Its inventory and replenishment features are tightly integrated
with the order management process, synchronizing inventory replenishment with
customer demand. The System ESS demand replenishment process integrates with
the distribution management process to automatically trigger and execute stock
transfers throughout the distribution network, and replenishment orders and
drop shipments from outside suppliers. Demand replenishment also supports
vendor managed inventory and continuous replenishment programs.
Price and Promotion Management. System ESS administers and executes all
product pricing and promotion strategies. Specifically, the System ESS price
management process manages the product price list according to geography,
customer classification or other user-defined parameters, as well as executing
and tracking a wide variety of product discounts, surcharges, accruals, and
rebates. System ESS automates business-critical promotion transactions among
manufacturers, field sales organizations, and customers to maximize invoice
accuracy and minimize administrative costs due to invoice inaccuracies.
Global Organization Management. System ESS allows a company to define
its enterprise sales and distribution structures, and manage multiple legal
entities, regardless of where they are physically located. It enables
companies to maintain flexible business structures that support product flow
to global customers, while efficiently handling business transactions
worldwide.
Electronic Commerce. System ESS provides a complete electronic messaging
architecture that is integrated with all requisite business processes between
customers and suppliers, including orders, order changes, and acknowledgments,
as well as shipping confirmations and invoices. In addition, through its
recently introduced Internet Workbench, System ESS provides order status and
tracking for participants in the demand chain, such as buyers, field
representatives, and customers. System ESS also supports ISO/Edifact,
ANSI/X.12, and UCS EDI standards. The Company currently is developing
capabilities for Internet-based order placement.
Decision Support. System ESS continuously captures highly detailed data
regarding every customer purchase and related events and stores such data in
an information repository suitable for decision support processes. System ESS
provides decision support capabilities through a set of Microsoft Windows-
based client/server tools called the Customer Service Workbench, which
provides tight integration between the System ESS information repository and
electronic mail, spreadsheets, and event-trigger facilities. Other functions
include integration with Business Objects and the Company's proprietary
Economic Value Analyzer, a decision support tool that continuously monitors
the return on working capital and contains functions for volume, price, and
capital simulations.
Service Management. In April 1997, IMI introduced its System ESS Service
Management component that enables companies to run customer-focused product
installation and service operations. The software helps companies manage
after-sales product and field service activities -- such as service orders,
warranty tracking, and call handling integrated with System ESS Order
Management capabilities. It enables efficient management and exchange of
customer information to synchronize product installation and service
operations with other departments, such as sales, finance, and shipping.
Information on customers -- shipments, upgrades, and installations -- needs to
be entered only once into the system to be available across an extended
enterprise, including remote internal users via corporate Intranets, and
customers, suppliers and subcontractors via the World Wide Web.
Warehouse Management. In fiscal 1997, the Company acquired Ceratina
International AB, a Swedish warehouse management software company. Ceratina
International (and now the Company) owns the intellectual property rights to
"Open Warehouse," a warehouse management package that will be integrated with
System ESS. Open Warehouse is an object-oriented software that plans,
manages and monitors the day-to-day work in a warehouse optimizing personnel,
space, and equipment resources. It operates in UNIX, client/server
environments, and soon will have Microsoft Windows NT Server capabilities.
SYSTEM ESS PRICING
The license fee for System ESS is determined based upon number of servers,
number of defined users, and the annual number of order lines in the
customer's system. During fiscal 1997, license fees for System ESS ranged from
$0.5 million to $5.3 million and averaged $1.5 million. The Company expects
that license fees will remain at this level or even increase as the Company's
product line expands and becomes more sophisticated and manages larger and
more geographically dispersed locations. The Company derived approximately
74%, 84%, and 90% of its total revenue in fiscal 1995, 1996 and 1997,
respectively, from the licensing of System ESS and providing related services,
and the Company expects to derive an even higher percentage of its total
revenues from licenses of System ESS and providing related services in future
periods.
SYSTEM ESS TOOLS
The Company supports System ESS with a range of software tools developed
by the Company or by third parties. These tools are used by the Company to
develop, deliver, and maintain System ESS and by the Company's customers to
implement, develop extensions to, and support System ESS.
TRIM. TRIM is a 4GL application development tool which is optimized for
applications involving large transaction volumes and large numbers of
concurrent users. TRIM is licensed by the Company from Trifox, Inc. and was
used by the Company to develop System ESS. TRIM also is sold as an
applications development tool to customers requiring the ability to develop
custom applications. See "Proprietary Rights."
SDCM. The Software Development and Configuration Manager ("SDCM") tool
allows the Company to develop, deliver and maintain System ESS. SDCM also
allows customers to develop customized System ESS functionality in a multi-
user environment, control the modification of programs, documentation, and
databases, as well as manage data security and system integrity in the
implementation of System ESS upgrades.
Event Express. Event Express allow customers to easily integrate System
ESS with other management information systems, such as financial reporting and
manufacturing resource planning systems.
Business Engineering Workbench. In April 1997, IMI introduced a
Windows client-based tool focused on enhancing the implementation process.
This tool consists of two components: Navigation Express and Implementation
Express. Navigation Express provides a comprehensive review of the key System
ESS business concepts, routine flows, and implementation codes and parameters.
Implementation Express utilizes an upper case facility to graphically document
all System ESS business processes, routines, and functions. These graphical
views of the System ESS data model provide IMI customers with automated tools
for mapping current and future business processes against the System ESS
business flows to enhance the overall implementation process.
CUSTOMER SERVICE AND SUPPORT
The Company believes that providing a high level of customer service and
technical support is essential to customer satisfaction and timely
implementation of System ESS. As of April 30, 1997, IMI had 223 employees in
its customer service and support organization providing software maintenance
and support, training, and consulting services.
IMI provides the following services and support to its customers:
Implementation and Technical Services. The Company offers its customers
post delivery professional services, consisting primarily of training and
implementation services. The Company provides post delivery services pursuant
to separate service agreements. Customers also have the option of purchasing
implementation services for System ESS. These implementation services
typically involve assistance with the integration of System ESS with other
existing software applications and databases currently used by the customer.
Such existing software applications and databases will vary from customer to
customer, but may often include legacy management support, logistics or
enterprise resource planning applications. The integration of System ESS with
a customer's existing applications allows the customer to more efficiently
utilize System ESS by linking data flows between System ESS and various
existing applications. Such integration is not, however, a prerequisite to the
basic functionality of System ESS. In addition, the Company has established
its Demand Chain Alliance ("DCA") Program, which trains and certifies third
party providers. DCA participants include: Computer Sciences Corporation and
Computer Task Group Limited in the United States, ECsoft Group plc and Tietho
in Europe, and CAP Gemini Consulting, Oracle Consulting, and Unisys
Corporation worldwide. These companies provide systems integration and
expertise to IMI customers and aid in the implementation and ongoing technical
consulting of System ESS software solutions. The implementation of System ESS,
which, depending on the customer, may include the integration of System ESS
with existing customer application software and customer training, typically
requires 6 to 12 months. There can be no assurance that delays in the
implementation process of System ESS for any given customer will not have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results, and
financial condition. See "Risk Factors Lengthy Sales and Implementation
Cycles; Increasing Size of Orders" and " Reliance on and Need to Develop
Additional Relationships with Third Parties."
Training Services. IMI customers can receive, for a fee, training either
at the customer's premises or at one of IMI's offices. Course offerings are
divided into four primary blocks: System ESS, Oracle Financials, System
Administration and System Development. Customers who purchase training
services receive training in the use of System ESS, particularly in the use of
some of the software's more advanced features. Customers often purchase
training services as a means of efficiently introducing those staff members
who will be users of the software to the basic operation of the system. Such
training services are not, however, necessary to allow System ESS to function.
Customer Support. The Company has fully-staffed support centers in
Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden. IMI provides 24
hour a day, 7 day a week support through telephone and electronic mail, and
uses logging/tracking systems for quality assurance.
CUSTOMERS
The Company's target customers are multinational manufacturers,
distributors and wholesalers in the consumer packaged goods, health care,
electronics, automotive parts, and industrial products sectors, as well as
other high-volume wholesalers. As of April 30, 1997, the Company licensed the
current version of System ESS to 47 customers worldwide. The following table
sets forth the license date and territory with respect to each of the Company's
customers as of April 30, 1997:
Fiscal 1995 Fiscal 1996 Fiscal 1997
Alpina (Columbia) Alko (Finland) Spicers (UK, France)
Campbell Soup (USA) Canon (USA) Land O'Lakes (USA)
Coats & Clark (USA) Carlton United Breweries Landstingsservice
(Australia) (Sweden)
Dannon (USA) First Brands (USA) Skyway Freight Systems
(USA)
SLL Healthcare (Sweden) Hartz Mountain (USA) Ralcorp (USA)
SLO (Finland) Hormel Foods (USA) Forlagscentralen (Norway)
Kellogg (worldwide) ColorLine (Norway)
Kiiltoo (Finland) Agway (USA)
MoDo Merchants (UK) Black & Decker (USA)
Posten Logistik (Sweden) ProSource (USA)
Unisys (worldwide) British Airways (UK)
Satair (Denmark)
Paragon (USA)
Starbucks (USA)
Nike (Japan)
Pioneer Standard (USA)
Fel-Pro (USA)
New license sales are often for large dollar amounts, typically ranging from
$0.5 million to $5.3 million, and averaging $1.5 million and, therefore,
individual customers have often accounted for more than 10% of total revenues
in particular quarterly periods. For the year ended April 30, 1995, the
Company recorded revenues from two customers which comprised 13% and 12% of
total revenues, respectively. For the years ended April 30, 1996, and April
30, 1997, the Company had no single customer representing more than 10% of
total revenues. The Company believes that the loss of any of its customers
would not have a material adverse effect upon the Company's business,
operating results, or financial condition. Although the Company does not
expect any of its current customers to account for 10% or more of its total
revenues in fiscal 1998, the Company expects that individual customers (the
identity of which likely will change on a quarterly basis) will continue to
account for 10% or more of the Company's total quarterly revenues in future
periods.
SALES AND MARKETING
The Company sells and supports its products through direct sales and
support organizations in Sweden, the United States, Germany, the Netherlands
and the United Kingdom. The Company maintains corporate headquarters in
Stockholm, Sweden, as well as facilities for product development, sales, and
support, and has sales and/or support services offices in Tarrytown, New York;
Boston, Massachusetts; Marlton, New Jersey; Chicago, Illinois; Houston, Texas;
Los Angeles, California; London, United Kingdom; Manchester, United Kingdom;
Stuttgart, Germany; Utrecht, the Netherlands; and Gothenburg, Linkoping, and
Hassleholm, Sweden. As of April 30, 1997, the Company employed 57 sales and
marketing personnel. The Company intends to increase expenditures to expand
its direct sales and marketing organizations in the United States, Europe, and
Asia/Pacific. To support its direct sales force, the Company conducts
marketing programs that include public relations, direct mail, trade shows,
product seminars, user group conferences, and ongoing customer communication
programs.
The Company also relies on informal arrangements with a number of
consulting and systems integration firms to enhance its marketing, sales and
customer support efforts, particularly with respect to implementation and
support of its products as well as lead generation and assistance in the sale
process. The Company expects to continue to rely significantly upon such third
parties for marketing and sales, lead generation, product implementation,
customer support services, and end user training. See "Risk
Factors Dependence upon Successful Expansion of Sales, Support, Service, and
Marketing Organizations." For certain geographic information relating to the
Company's revenues by customer location and income (loss) from operations and
identifiable assets by operating subsidiary location, see Note 18 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company also relies on informal
arrangements with a number of consulting and systems integration firms to
enhance its marketing, sales, and customer support efforts, particularly with
respect to implementation and support of its products as well as lead
generation and assistance in the sale process. The Company expects to continue
to rely significantly upon such third parties for marketing and sales, lead
generation, product implementation, customer support services, and end user
training. See "Risk Factors Reliance on and Need to Develop Additional
Relationships with Third Parties."
In January, 1997, the Company entered into an Agreement with Oracle
Corporation ("Oracle") which joins the Company, Oracle, and other leading
software vendors in a partnership alliance which will integrate the Company's
solution for the consumer packaged goods industry ("CPG") with the software of
the others. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company will be able to take
advantage of Oracle's global sales and support resources in ERP sales to the
CPG market. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company and Oracle will work
closely in the integration, development, implementation, and support of System
ESS as part of the comprehensive CPG solution. The Company alone or with the
assistance of third parties including Oracle continues to sell System ESS as a
point solution in the CPG industry and in all other markets. During the fiscal
years ended April 30, 1996, and 1997, 58% and 63%, respectively, of the
Company's license revenues, and 24% and 35%, respectively, of the Company's
total revenues, were derived from customers introduced to the Company as a
result of its relationship with Oracle.
Because the licensing of the Company's products generally involves a
significant capital expenditure by the customer, the Company's sales process
is subject to the delays and lengthy approval processes that are typically
involved in such expenditures. For these and other reasons, the sales cycle
associated with the licensing of the Company's products varies substantially
from customer to customer and typically lasts between 6 and 12 months, during
which time the Company may devote significant time and resources to a
prospective customer, including costs associated with multiple site visits,
product demonstrations and feasibility studies, and experience a number of
significant delays, over which the Company has no control. In addition the
Company's quarterly operating results are subject to certain seasonal
fluctuations as a result of the calendar year end budgeting focus of many of
its customers, vacation schedules, and sales force incentives. See "Risk
Factors Lengthy Sales and Implementation Cycle; Increasing Size of Orders."
In addition the Company's quarterly operating results are subject to certain
seasonal fluctuations. See "Risk Factors Significant Fluctuations in Quarterly
Operating Results and Seasonality; Potential Quarterly Losses" and
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of
Operations."
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
The Company has devoted significant resources to product development since
its inception and has increased such investments in recent years. The
Company's product development expenses for the year ended April 30, 1995, 1996
and 1997 were $7.0 million, $6.8 million, and $9.9 million, respectively. As
of April 30, 1997, the Company employed 93 people in product development. The
Company intends to increase its expenditures in product development in future
periods.
The Company believes that its future success depends upon its ability to
continue to enhance existing products, respond to changing customer
requirements, and develop and introduce new or enhanced products that keep
pace with technological developments and emerging industry standards. Customer
requirements include, but are not limited to, operability across distributed
and changing heterogeneous hardware platforms, operating systems, relational
databases, and networks. For example, as certain of the Company's customers
started to utilize Windows NT or other operating platforms, it was necessary
for the Company to enhance its System ESS products to operate on such
platforms in order to meet these customers' requirements. The Company recently
has released a new version of System ESS that operates on the Windows NT
server platform, supports Internet-based electronic commerce and supports 5
additional languages. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will
be successful in developing enhanced versions of System ESS or new products on
a timely basis, or that such enhancements or new products, when introduced,
will achieve market acceptance or will adequately address the changing needs
of the marketplace. See "Risk Factors Rapid Technological Change and
Requirement for Frequent Product Transitions."
EMPLOYEES
As of April 30, 1997, the Company employed a total of 403 full-time
employees, including 248 in Sweden, 104 in the United States, 44 in the United
Kingdom, 5 in the Netherlands, and 2 in Germany. The Company believes its
future success will depend in part upon its ability to attract and retain
highly skilled management, marketing, sales, consulting, and product
development personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and there
can be no assurance that the Company will be able to retain its key employees
or that it will be successful in attracting, assimilating and retaining such
personnel in the future. Of the Company's 403 full-time employees, 57 are in
sales and marketing, 223 are in technical support and maintenance, 93 are in
product development, and 30 are in general administrative functions. IMAB
voluntarily complies with the Swedish Act of Board Representation for
Employees, which provides employees of certain companies the right to elect
representatives to IMAB's board of directors. The Company does not have any
collective bargaining agreements with its employees and believes that its
employee relations are good. See "Risk Factors Dependence on and Need to Hire
Additional Personnel in All Areas."
RISK FACTORS
Significant Fluctuations in Quarterly Operating Results and Seasonality;
Potential Quarterly Losses. The Company has experienced, and expects to
continue to experience, significant fluctuations in quarterly operating
results that may be caused by many factors, including, among others: the size
and timing of orders for the Company's products; the lengthy sales and
implementation cycle for the Company's products and delays in the
implementation process; introduction or enhancement of products by the Company
or its competitors; changes in pricing policy of the Company or its
competitors; increased competition; technological changes in computer systems
and environments; the ability of the Company to timely develop, introduce and
market new products and new versions of existing products; quality control of
products sold; market readiness to deploy demand chain management products for
distributed computing environments; market acceptance of new products and
product enhancements; seasonality of revenue; customer order deferrals in
anticipation of new products and product enhancements; the Company's success
in expanding its sales, support, service and marketing organizations;
personnel changes; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; mix of
license and service and maintenance revenues and general economic conditions.
Because a significant portion of the Company's revenues has been, and the
Company believes will continue to be, derived from large orders, the timing of
orders and their fulfillment has caused, and is expected to continue to cause,
material fluctuations in the Company's operating results, particularly on a
quarterly basis. In addition, the Company intends to continue to expand its
direct sales force, and the timing of such expansion and the rate at which new
sales people become productive could also cause material fluctuations in the
Company's quarterly operating results. As a result of these and other factors,
the Company believes that period-to-period quarterly comparisons of its
results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied
upon as indications of future performance.
The Company's quarterly operating results are also subject to certain
seasonal fluctuations. The Company's revenues, particularly its license
revenues, are typically strongest in its third and fourth fiscal quarters,
which end January 31 and April 30, respectively, and weakest in its first and
second fiscal quarters, which end July 31 and October 31, respectively. The
Company's revenues and operating results in its third fiscal quarter typically
benefit from purchase decisions made by the large concentration of customers
with calendar year-end budgeting rules, while revenues and operating results
in its fourth fiscal quarter typically benefit from the efforts of the
Company's sales force to meet fiscal year-end sales quotas. Like many
enterprise application software vendors with large average order sizes, the
Company's revenues and operating results are typically lower in its first and
second fiscal quarters, as the Company's sales force initiates sales activity
directed to achieving fiscal year-end goals. In addition, the Company's first
and second fiscal quarters include the months of July and August, when both
sales and billable customer services activity, as well as customer purchase
decisions, are reduced, particularly in Europe, due to summer vacation
schedules. As a result of these seasonal factors, the Company historically has
experienced operating losses in its first and/or second fiscal quarters and
may continue to experience losses in such quarters in the future.
The Company's future quarterly revenues are difficult to forecast in part
because the demand chain management software market is an emerging market that
is subject to rapid change. Further, because the Company generally ships
software products within a short period after receipt of an order, it
typically does not have a material backlog of unfulfilled orders. License
revenues in any quarter are substantially dependent on orders booked and
shipped in that quarter and cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty.
In addition, the Company typically recognizes a significant portion of license
revenue in the last two weeks of a quarter. Any significant shortfall of
license revenues in relation to the Company's expectations or any material
delay of customer orders would have an immediate adverse effect on its
business, operating results and financial condition. Due to the foregoing
factors, it is possible that in future periods the Company's revenues and thus
its operating results may be below the expectations of public market analysts
and investors. In such event, the price of the Company's Common Stock could be
materially and adversely affected.
Lengthy Sales and Implementation Cycle; Increasing Size of Orders. The
sale and implementation of the Company's products generally involves a
significant commitment of resources by prospective customers. During fiscal
1997, license fees for System ESS generally ranged from $0.5 million to $5.3
million, and averaged $1.5 million. The Company expects that license fees will
continue to increase in size and the implementation of the Company's products
will become more complex as System ESS is used to manage larger and more
geographically dispersed installations. As a result, the Company's sales
process often is subject to delays associated with lengthy approval processes
attendant to significant capital expenditures. For these and other reasons,
the sales cycle associated with the license of the Company's products varies
substantially from customer to customer and typically lasts between 6 and 12
months, during which time the Company may devote significant time and
resources to a prospective customer, including costs associated with multiple
site visits, product demonstrations and feasibility studies, and experience a
number of significant delays over which the Company has no control. Any
significant or ongoing failure by the Company to ultimately achieve such sales
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating
results, and financial condition. In addition, following license sales, the
implementation of System ESS typically involves 6 to 12 months for customer
training and integration of System ESS with the customer's other existing
systems. The Company may provide such post delivery implementation services
pursuant to a separate service agreement. A successful implementation requires
a close working relationship between the Company, the customer and, generally,
third party consultants and systems integrators who assist in the process.
There can be no assurance that delays in the implementation process of System
ESS for any given customer will not have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, operating results and financial condition. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations", "Business Products and Services" and "Sales and Marketing."
Dependence upon Successful Expansion of Sales, Support, Service, and
Marketing Organizations. The Company's future success depends upon the
successful expansion of its sales, support, service, and marketing
organizations and its ability to establish indirect distribution channels,
including resellers, systems solution vendors, application software vendors
and systems integrators. The Company currently plans to increase significantly
its expenditures, to expand its direct sales force in the United States,
Europe, and Asia/Pacific and elsewhere, to develop additional indirect
distribution channels and to expand significantly its customer service and
support organizations which are required to support increased license sales.
Although the Company believes that such expenditures ultimately will improve
the Company's operating results, to the extent such expenditures are incurred
and revenues do not correspondingly increase, the Company's operating results
will be materially and adversely affected. Further, if the Company is unable
to expand its sales, support, service and marketing organizations and develop
additional distribution channels on a timely basis, the Company's business,
operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely
affected. See "Business Sales and Marketing."
Risks Associated with Multinational Operations. The Company's products
currently are marketed in the United States, Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands,
the United Kingdom and approximately 10 other countries world-wide. During
fiscal 1997, approximately 80% of the Company's total revenues were derived
from sales outside of Sweden, principally in the United States and, to a
lesser extent, the United Kingdom, and the Company expects that sales in the
United States, the United Kingdom, other European countries, Asia/Pacific, and
elsewhere outside of Sweden will continue to be significant in the future as
the Company expands the implementation of its products across multinational
companies. Such international expansion may require that the Company establish
additional offices and hire additional personnel outside Sweden and recruit
additional international resellers. This may require significant management
attention and financial resources and could adversely affect the Company's
operating margins and ability to achieve and sustain profitability. To the
extent the Company is unable to effect these additions efficiently and in a
timely manner, its growth, if any, in international sales will be limited, and
the Company's business, operating results, and financial condition could be
materially and adversely affected. Further, the Company intends to expand its
international operations by increasing the number of direct customer support
personnel in existing markets and additional international markets.
Accordingly, the Company's business, and its ability to expand its operations
internationally, is subject to risks inherent in international business
activities, including, in particular, general economic conditions in each
country, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, overlap of different tax
structures, management of an organization spread over various countries,
unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, compliance with a variety of
foreign laws and regulations, and longer accounts receivables payment cycles
in certain countries. Other risks associated with international operations
include import and export licensing requirements, trade restrictions, and
changes in tariff rates. There can be no assurance that any of the foregoing
factors will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's ability to
expand its international operations and, in general, its business, operating
results, and financial condition. See "Business Sales and Marketing."
Management of Growth. The Company currently is experiencing a period of
rapid growth that has placed and is expected to continue to place a strain on
the Company's administrative, financial, and operational resources. The
Company increased the size of its direct sales force from 33 people at April
30, 1996, to 48 people at April 30, 1997, and the number of customer service
and support personnel from 155 people at April 30, 1996, to 223 people at
April 30, 1997. The Company plans to continue to expand internationally and to
continue to increase the number of its sales, support, service, and marketing
and customer support personnel significantly in fiscal 1998, which planned
expansion, if achieved, would place a further strain on the Company's
resources and increase operating costs. The Company's ability to manage its
staff and growth effectively will require it to continue to improve its
operations, financial, and management controls, and reporting systems and
procedures, to train, motivate and manage its employees, and, as required,
install new management information and control systems. There can be no
assurance that the Company will implement improvements to such management
information and control systems in an efficient and timely manner or that, if
implemented, such improved systems will be adequate to support the Company's
operations. Any inability of the Company to successfully manage future
expansion, if any, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition, or operating results.
Dependence on and Need to Hire Additional Personnel in All Areas. The
Company's future performance depends in part upon the continued service of its
key members of management, as well as sales, support, service and marketing
and product development personnel. The Company does not have, and does not
intend to obtain, key man life insurance on any of its executive management
personnel. The loss of one or more of the Company's key personnel could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results, and
financial condition. The Company believes its future success will depend in
part upon its ability to attract and retain highly skilled management, sales,
support, service, and marketing and product development personnel. Competition
for such personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company
will be able to retain its key employees or that it will be successful in
attracting, assimilating, and retaining such personnel in the future. Failure
to attract, assimilate, and retain key personnel could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, operating results, and financial condition.
See "Business Employees".
Reliance on and Need to Develop Additional Relationships with Third
Parties. The Company relies on informal arrangements with a number of
consulting and systems integration firms to enhance its sales, support,
service, and marketing efforts, particularly with respect to implementation
and support of its products as well as lead generation and assistance in the
sale process. Such firms include Computer Sciences Corporation, Computer Task
Group Limited, and SHL Systemshouse, Inc. in the United States and Cap Gemini,
Tietho and ECsoft Group plc in Europe. The Company expects to continue to rely
significantly upon such third parties for marketing and sales, lead
generation, product implementation, customer support services, and end user
training. The Company will need to expand its relationships with these parties
and enter into relationships with additional third parties in order to support
revenue growth. Many such firms have similar, and often more established,
relationships with the Company's principal competitors. There can be no
assurance that these and other third parties will provide the level and
quality of service required to meet the needs of the Company's customers, that
the Company will be able to maintain an effective, long term relationship with
such third parties, or that such third parties will continue to meet the needs
of the Company's customers. If the Company is unable to develop and maintain
effective relationships with these and other third parties, or if such parties
fail to meet the needs of the Company's customers, the Company's business,
operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Further, there can be no assurance that these third party implementation
providers, many of which have significantly greater financial, technical,
personnel, and marketing resources than the Company, will not market software
products in competition with the Company in the future or will not otherwise
reduce or discontinue their relationships with or support of the Company and
its products. See "Business Products and Services" and " Sales and Marketing."
Relationship with Oracle Corporation. The Company has entered into a
written agreement with Oracle pursuant to which the two companies have agreed
to market the Oracle Solution Suite incorporating the Company's System ESS
software to potential customers in the consumer packaged goods industry. The
Oracle Solution Suite incorporates, in addition to System ESS software, Oracle
software and other complementary software owned by third parties. The
agreement deals with development of component software, integration,
marketing, and support. Pursuant to the written agreement, Oracle pays the
Company the total fees that Oracle receives from the customer less specified
percentages. The Company has the right to market System ESS to customers in
the consumer packaged goods industry as a point solution or in any other
manner which does not encompass all of the elements of the Oracle Solution
Suite. In addition, outside of the scope of the Oracle Solution Suite, the
Company and Oracle periodically enter into separate agent agreements with
respect to a customer authorizing Oracle to license the Company's System ESS
software to that customer. Pursuant to the agent agreements, Oracle pays to
the Company a specified amount for the particular license. For the fiscal
year ended April 30, 1997, 63% of the Company's license revenues and 35% of
the Company's total revenues was derived from customers introduced to the
Company by Oracle pursuant to this agreement. As such, the Company's operating
results depend to a large extent upon the effectiveness of Oracle's efforts
under such arrangements, which the Company cannot control. Accordingly, there
can be no assurance that Oracle will not market software products (including
software products developed by Oracle) in competition with the Company in the
future or that Oracle will not otherwise curtail or discontinue the Agreement
at the end of the initial term, or cease recommending the Company and its
products to potential customers, any of which could have a material adverse
effect on the business, operating results, and financial condition of the
Company. See "Business Sales and Marketing."
Competition. The Company's products are targeted at the emerging market
for demand chain management software products, which is intensely competitive
and characterized by rapid technological change. The Company's competitors are
diverse and offer a variety of solutions directed at various segments of the
supply and demand chain as well as the enterprise as a whole. These
competitors include (i) enterprise application software vendors, such as SAP
AG ("SAP"), which currently offer sophisticated client/server ERP solutions,
(ii) companies offering standardized or customized products on mainframe
and/or mid-range computer systems, (iii) internal development efforts by
corporate information technology departments, (iv) smaller independent
companies which have developed or are attempting to develop advanced logistics
and execution software which complement or compete with the Company's software
solutions and (v) other business application software vendors who may broaden
their product offerings by internally developing, or by acquiring or
partnering with independent developers of, advanced logistics and execution
software. In connection with specific customer evaluations, certain ERP and
other application software vendors have from time to time jointly marketed the
Company's products as a complement to their own systems. To the extent such
vendors develop or acquire systems with functionality comparable or superior
to System ESS, their significant installed customer base, long-standing
customer relationships, and ability to offer a broader solution could provide
a significant competitive advantage over the Company. In addition, many of the
Company's competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater
financial, technical, marketing and other resources, greater name recognition
and a larger installed base of customers than the Company. In order to be
successful in the future, the Company must continue to respond promptly and
effectively to the challenges of technological change and competitors'
innovations. The Company's competitors may be able to respond more quickly to
new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or devote
greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products
than the Company. The Company also expects to face additional competition as
other established and emerging companies enter the market for order
fulfillment software and new products and technologies are introduced. In
addition, current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitions or
establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties,
thereby increasing the ability of their products to address the needs of the
Company's prospective customers. Accordingly, it is possible that new
competitors or alliances among current and new competitors may emerge and
rapidly gain significant market share, resulting in price reductions, fewer
customer orders and reduced gross margins, any one of which could materially
adversely affect the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete
successfully with existing or new competitors or that competition will not
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results
and financial condition.
Dependence on Principal Product. The Company derived approximately 90%
of its total revenues in fiscal 1997 from the licensing of the Company's
System ESS software and providing related services. License and service and
maintenance revenues related to System ESS are expected to continue to
represent a significant percentage of the Company's revenues in the future.
The Company's success depends on continued market acceptance of System ESS
software and services as well as the Company's ability to introduce new
versions of System ESS or other products to meet the evolving needs of its
customers. There can be no assurance that System ESS will continue to achieve
market acceptance or that the Company will introduce enhanced versions of
System ESS on a timely basis, or at all, to meet the evolving needs of its
customers. Any reduction in demand for System ESS, increased competition in
the market for demand chain management software, technological change, or
other factors could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
operating results and financial condition. See "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
"Business Products and Services."
Dependence on Emerging Market for Demand Chain Management Software. The
Company currently derives, and is expected to continue to derive,
substantially all of its revenues from licenses and services related to System
ESS, a client/server demand chain management software product. Although demand
for System ESS has grown in recent periods, the market for enterprise-wide
management software in general, and for demand chain management software in
particular, is still emerging and there can be no assurance that it will
continue to grow or that, even if the market does grow, businesses will
continue to adopt System ESS. The Company has spent, and intends to continue
to spend, considerable resources educating potential customers generally about
demand chain management, about the need for order fulfillment software
solutions and specifically about System ESS. However, there can be no
assurance that such expenditures will enable System ESS to achieve any
additional degree of market acceptance. If the demand chain management
software market fails to grow or grows more slowly than the Company currently
anticipates, the Company's business, operating results and financial condition
could be materially and adversely affected. See "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
"Business Products and Services."
Rapid Technological Change and Requirement for Frequent Product
Transitions. The market for the Company's products is characterized by rapid
technological developments, evolving industry standards and rapid changes in
customer requirements. The introduction of products embodying new
technologies, the emergence of new industry standards or changes in customer
requirements could render the Company's existing products obsolete and
unmarketable. As a result, the Company's success depends upon its ability to
continue to enhance existing products, respond to changing customer
requirements and develop and introduce in a timely manner new or enhanced
products that keep pace with technological developments and emerging industry
standards. Customer requirements include, but are not limited to, operability
across distributed and changing heterogeneous hardware platforms, operating
systems, relational databases and networks. The System ESS client operates on
Windows 3.1, Windows 95, and Windows NT platforms. System ESS provides support
for 7 languages. System ESS can currently operate on server platforms for
Hewlett-Packard Corporation, IBM, Digital Equipment Corporation, and Sequent
Corporation. The Company to enhance its System ESS products to operate on such
platforms in order to meet customers' requirements. There can be no assurances
that the Company will be successful in developing enhanced versions of System
ESS or new products on a timely basis, or that such enhancements or new
products, when introduced, will achieve market acceptance or will adequately
address the changing needs of the marketplace. If the Company is unable to
develop and introduce new products, or enhancements to existing products, in a
timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer
requirements, the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition could be materially and adversely affected. See "Business Product
Development."
Risk of Software Defects. Software products as complex as those offered
by the Company frequently contain errors or defects, especially when first
introduced or when new versions or enhancements are released. Despite product
testing, the Company has in the past released products with defects,
discovered software errors in certain of its new versions after introduction,
and experienced delays or lost revenue during the period required to correct
these errors. The Company regularly introduces new releases and periodically
introduces new versions of System ESS. There can be no assurance that, despite
testing by the Company and by its customers, defects and errors will not be
found in existing products or in new products, releases, versions, or
enhancements after commencement of commercial shipments. Any such defects and
errors could result in adverse customer reactions, negative publicity
regarding the Company and its products, harm to the Company's reputation, loss
of or delay in market acceptance, or require product changes, any of which
could have a material adverse effect upon the Company's business, operating
results, and financial condition. See "Business Products and Services."
Product Liability. The Company's license agreements with customers
typically contain provisions designed to limit the Company's exposure to
potential product liability claims. The limitation of liability provisions
contained in such license agreement may not be effective. The Company's
products are generally used to manage data critical to large organizations,
and, as a result, the sale and support of products by the Company may entail
the risk of product liability claims. A successful liability claim brought
against the Company could have a material adverse effect upon the Company's
business, operating results, and financial condition. See "Business Products
and Services."
Dependence on Proprietary Technology; Risks of Infringement. The
Company's success depends, in part, upon the protection of its proprietary
technology. The Company relies on a combination of copyright, trademark and
trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures, and license arrangements to
establish and protect its proprietary rights. As part of its confidentiality
procedures, the Company licenses its software pursuant to signed license
agreements that impose restrictions on the licensee's ability to utilize the
software and generally enters into non-disclosure agreements with its
employees, distributors and corporate partners, and limits access to and
distribution of its software, documentation and other proprietary information.
Despite these precautions, it may be possible for a third party to copy the
Company's. In addition, the laws of certain countries do not protect the
Company's proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United
States or Sweden. Accordingly, products or otherwise obtain and use the
Company's proprietary technology without authorization. There can be no
assurance that the Company's protection of its proprietary rights will be
adequate or that the Company's competitors will not independently develop
similar technology or duplicate illegally the Company's products.
The Company is not aware that any of its products infringe the proprietary
rights of third parties. There can be no assurance, however, that third
parties will not claim such infringement by the Company with respect to
current or future products. The Company expects that software product
developers increasingly will be subject to such claims as the number of
products and competitors in the Company's industry segment grows and the
functionality of products in the industry segment overlaps. Any such claims,
with or without merit, could result in costly litigation that could absorb
significant management time, which could have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, operating results and financial condition. Such claims
might require the Company to enter into royalty or license agreements. Such
royalty or license agreements, if required, may not be available on terms
acceptable to the Company or at all, which could have a material adverse
effect upon the Company's business, operating results and financial condition.
Exposure to Currency Fluctuations. A significant portion of the
Company's business is conducted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar (the
currency in which its financial statements are stated), primarily the Swedish
krona and, to a lesser extent, the U.K. pound sterling, the German mark, and
the Dutch guilder. The Company incurs a significant portion of its expenses in
Swedish kronor, including all of its product development expenses and a
substantial portion of its general and administrative expenses. As a result,
appreciation of the value of the Swedish krona relative to the other
currencies in which the Company generates revenues, particularly the U.S.
dollar, could adversely affect operating results. The financial statements of
the Company are translated from the functional currency of the operating
subsidiaries into U.S. dollars, the Company's reporting currency, utilizing
the current rate method. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated at
exchange rates in effect at the end of the reporting period, and revenues and
expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period. All
translation gains or losses from the translation into the Company's reporting
currency are included as a separate component of stockholders' equity.
Fluctuations in the Swedish krona and other currencies relative to the U.S.
dollar will effect period to period comparison of the Company's reported
results of operations. Due to the constantly changing currency exposures and
the volatility of currency exchange rates, there can be no assurance that the
Company will not experience currency losses in the future, nor can the Company
predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating
results. The Company does not currently undertake hedging transactions to
cover its currency exposure, but the Company may choose to hedge a portion of
its currency exposure in the future as it deems appropriate. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Uncertainty of Realizability of Deferred Tax Asset. At April 30, 1997,
the Company had approximately $2.8 million of gross deferred tax assets
comprised primarily of net operating loss carryforwards in Sweden. Such net
operating loss carryforwards are available for an indefinite period of time.
The Company believes that, based upon a number of factors, the available
objective evidence creates sufficient uncertainty regarding the realizability
of the deferred tax asset such that a valuation allowance has been recorded.
These factors include the Company's history of net losses, the Company's
limited profitability in recent periods, the fact that the market in which the
Company competes is intensely competitive and characterized by rapidly
changing technology, and the uncertainty regarding market acceptance of new
versions of the Company's System ESS. Accordingly, the Company has recorded a
valuation allowance with respect to a portion of such deferred tax asset. The
Company will continue to assess the realizability of the deferred tax assets
based upon actual and forecasted operating results. Estimated future earnings
necessary to fully realize the net deferred tax asset are $5.6 million. Such
earnings are currently forecasted to be realized within the next fiscal year.
There can be no assurance that future earnings, if any, will meet currently
forecasted levels, however it is management's opinion that the realization of
such earnings in the future is more likely than not. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Holding Company Structure. All of the operations of the Company are and
will be conducted through direct and indirect subsidiaries. The Company's cash
flow will depend upon the operating results and cash flow of its subsidiaries
and the payment of funds by those subsidiaries to the Company in the form of
loans, dividends, or otherwise. The subsidiaries are separate and distinct
legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to make funds
available to the Company, whether in the form of loans, dividends, or
otherwise. Applicable law in certain countries may limit the ability of a
subsidiary to pay dividends in the absence of sufficient distributable
reserves or for other reasons. The Company's Swedish, United Kingdom, German,
Dutch, French, and United States subsidiaries are not subject to any current
exchange controls. However, future exchange controls in these counties, or the
existence of such controls in other countries in which the Company establishes
subsidiaries could limit or restrict the ability of the Company to obtain
loans, dividends, or otherwise access financial resources in such subsidiary.
In addition, the Company's subsidiaries may from time to time in the future
become parties to financing arrangements which may contain limitations on the
ability of such subsidiaries to pay dividends or to make loans or advances to
the Company. In the event of any insolvency, bankruptcy, or similar
proceedings, creditors of the subsidiaries would generally be entitled to
priority over the stockholders of the Company with respect to assets of the
affected subsidiary.
Effect of Certain Charter Provisions; Antitakeover Effects of the
Company's Charter, Bylaws and Delaware Law. The Company's Board of Directors
has the authority to issue up to 15,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock and to
determine the price, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including
voting rights, of those shares without any further vote or action by the
stockholders. The rights of the holders of Common Stock will be subject to,
and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any Preferred
Stock that may be issued in the future. The issuance of Preferred Stock could
have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a
majority of the outstanding voting stock of the Company. In addition, the
Company is subject to the antitakeover provisions of Section 203 of the
Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits the Company from engaging in
a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three
years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an
interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a
prescribed manner. The application of Section 203 also could have the effect
of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of the Company.
Further, certain provisions of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws may have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a merger,
tender offer or proxy contest involving the Company, which could adversely
affect the market price of the Company's Common Stock.
ITEM 2. FACILITIES
The Company's principal administrative, sales, marketing, product
development and support facilities are located in Stockholm, Sweden, where the
Company leases approximately 50,000 square feet under a lease agreement that
expires in September 2000. The Company also leases office space for its six
sales and service offices in the United States, three in Sweden, two in the
United Kingdom, one in Germany and one in the Netherlands. The Company
believes that its offices in the United States and the United Kingdom are
adequate to allow the Company to expand according to its plans for the next
two fiscal years.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is not a party to any legal proceeding that would have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results or
financial condition.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year ended April 30, 1997.
PAGE
<PAGE>
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
The Company's Common Stock, $.01 par value, has traded on the Nasdaq National
Market under the symbol "IMIC" since September 26, 1996. Prior to the
commencement of the Company's initial public offering on that date, there was
no public market for the Company's Common Stock. The following table sets
forth, for the fiscal quarters indicated, the high and low closing prices per
share for the respective quarterly periods, as reported in published financial
sources.
Fiscal Year 1997 High Low
Second Quarter (ended October 31,1996) 12 9
Third Quarter (ended January 31, 1997) 13 7 1/2
Fourth Quarter (ended April 30, 1997) 9 6
As of June 30, 1997, there were 34 shareholders of record including Cede &
Company in its capacity as nominee for the Depository Trust Company.
DIVIDEND POLICY
The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on its Common Stock and
does not intend to do so in the foreseeable future. It is the present
intention of the Company to retain any future earnings to provide funds for
the operation and expansion of its business. The Swedish Company Act imposes
certain limitations on the ability of IMAB to pay dividends to the Company.
PAGE
<PAGE>
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data is qualified by
reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in Item 7 of
this Form 10-K and the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto and
the other financial information included in Item 14 of this Form 10-K. The
selected consolidated financial data set forth below for the Company as of
April 30, 1996, and 1997, and for each of the three years in the period ended
April 30, 1997, are derived from audited financial statements included
elsewhere herein. The selected consolidated financial data set forth below
for the Company as of April 30, 1993, 1994, and 1995, and for each of the two
years in the period ended April 30, 1994, are derived from the financial
statements not included elsewhere herein.
Five Year Review:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
(in thousands, except per share data)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
Revenues:
Licenses .................. $ 5,698 $ 5,254 $ 10,661 $15,474 $ 26,147
Services and maintenance .. 15,648 11,950 14,543 23,103 31,747
Other ..................... 2,450 1,576 2,540 1,432 1,718
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total revenues ............ 23,796 18,780 27,744 40,009 59,612
-------- ------ ------ ------ ------
Cost of revenues:
Licenses .................. 1,136 721 2,172 2,717 1,540
Services and maintenance .. 11,854 10,030 12,424 16,813 22,871
Other ..................... 2,417 831 2,252 947 1,001
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total cost of revenues .... 15,407 11,582 16,848 20,477 25,412
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Gross profit .............. 8,389 7,198 10,896 19,532 34,200
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Operating expenses:
Product development ....... 3,593 5,517 7,009 6,822 9,935
Sales and marketing ....... 2,693 3,056 5,720 7,746 14,997
General and administrative. 4,431 3,688 4,192 3,579 4,399
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total operating expenses .. 10,717 12,261 16,921 18,147 29,331
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Income (loss) from operations . (2,328) (5,063) (6,025) 1,385 4,869
Other income (expense):
Gain on sale of subsidiary(1) 1,291 -- -- -- --
Interest income ........... 8 40 15 13 643
Interest expense .......... (584) (229) (689) (744) (253)
Miscellaneous income (expense) 82 (227) (384) (12) (21)
------- ------ ------ ------ ------
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before income taxes (1,531) (5,479) (7,083) 642 5,238
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 122 40 (941) (781) (190)
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Income (loss) from continuing
operations .................. (1,653) (5,519) (6,142) 1,423 5,428
Income (loss) from discontinued
operations .................. (156) (151) (246) 327 374
Gain on sale of discontinued
operations (net of income tax
of $372,000)................. -- -- -- -- 1,100
------- ------- ------ ------ ------
Net income (loss) ............. $ (1,809) $ (5,670) $ (6,388) $ 1,750 $ 6,902
======== ======== ======== ======== ========
Pro forma net income per share data(2):
Income from continuing operations $ 0.06 $ 0.20
Income from discontinued operations 0.01 0.01
Gain on sale of discontinued operations -- 0.04
-------- ------
Pro forma net income per share $ 0.07 $ 0.25
======== ======
Pro forma shares used in per share calculation 25,223 28,063
======== ======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents ............ $ 99 $ 75 $ 160 $ 558 $ 9,023
Short-term investments ............... -- -- -- -- 9,952
Working capital (3) .................. 3,714 174 (3,478) (1,364) 30,831
Total assets ......................... 15,630 13,364 15,508 21,324 50,963
Capital lease obligations,
less current portion ............... -- 18 267 624 554
Total stockholders' equity ........... 5,513 1,779 (2,097) 502 34,754
</TABLE>
(1) During the fiscal year ended April 30, 1993, the Company sold all of its
interest in Systecon AB, a wholly-owned subsidiary. The gain recognized on the
sale represents the excess of the sales price over the Company's book basis.
During fiscal 1993, Systecon AB generated revenues of $3.1 million.
(2) See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for an
explanation of the determination of shares used in calculating pro forma net
income per share.
(3) The Company's working capital position is due, in part, to the
classification of the Company's credit facilities as short-term borrowings.
See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
PAGE
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties. The Company's actual results may differ significantly from the
results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause
such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Financial Condition and
Results of Operations" and the "Business" section of this Report. The Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward
looking statements. In order to comply with the provisions of the safe harbor,
the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Company's actual
results to differ materially from the expectations expressed in this Report or
elsewhere. The risks and uncertainties that may affect the business,
operating results, or financial condition of the Company include those set
forth in this "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition"
and Results of Operations and under "Risk Factors".
OVERVIEW
IMI develops, markets and supports client/server application software that
enables manufacturers, distributors and wholesalers to more effectively manage
the demand chain. The Company was founded in 1967 as a custom software
development and consulting services organization. The Company developed and
delivered its first distribution logistics software in 1974, its first UNIX-
based version in 1984, and its first Oracle-based client/server version in
1991. In 1993, the Company introduced its current generation product, System
ESS, which was designed to meet the needs of multinational manufacturers,
distributors, and wholesalers. Since that time, the Company's operating
expenses have increased substantially as the Company has made significant
investments outside Sweden in sales and marketing, customer support, and
product development related to System ESS. As a result of these investments,
greater market acceptance of System ESS and expansion of its business outside
Sweden, the Company's revenues have grown in recent years, increasing from
$40.0 million in fiscal 1996 to $59.6 million in fiscal 1997. The Company has
been profitable in its two most recent fiscal years, but there can be no
assurance that the Company will sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual
basis in the future.
A substantial majority of the Company's revenues in the last three years
have been attributable to license fees and related services, including
software maintenance and support, implementation, consulting, and training.
Recently, the Company has experienced an increase in license revenues as a
percentage of total revenues due to an increase in individual licenses of
System ESS to multinational manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers. The
Company expects that license and services revenues related to System ESS will
continue to constitute predominantly all of the Company's revenues in the
foreseeable future. License revenues are recognized upon the signing of the
license agreement and shipment of the product if no significant vendor
obligations remain and collection of the resulting receivable is probable.
Annual maintenance and support revenues consist of ongoing support and product
updates and are recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement.
Revenues from implementation, training, and consulting services are recognized
when the relevant services are performed. The Company recognized revenues, in
all periods presented, in accordance with the American Institute of Certified
Public Accountants Statement of Position 91-1, "Software Revenue Recognition."
Revenues from sales to customers outside Sweden increased significantly
from $26.5 million in fiscal 1996 to $48.1 million in fiscal 1997 as the
Company established and expanded its direct sales activities in the United
States and Asia/Pacific. Revenues from sales in the United States increased
from $18.2 in fiscal 1996 to $29.8 million in fiscal 1997, revenues from sales
in Europe increased from $19.8 million in fiscal 1996 to $23.9 million in
fiscal 1997, and revenues from sales in Asia/Pacific increased from $2.0
million to $6.0 million over the same period.
The Company plans to increase expenditures in order to fund the continued
expansion of its worldwide operations, including greater levels of product
development and larger and more geographically dispersed sales, support,
service, and marketing organizations. Although the Company believes such
expenditures will ultimately improve the Company's operating results, to the
extent such expenditures are incurred and revenues do not correspondingly
increase, the Company's operating results will be materially adversely
affected. Future operating results will depend on many factors, including the
growth of the demand chain management software market, market acceptance of
the Company's products, competition, the success of the Company's expansion of
its sales, support, service, and marketing organizations, general economic
conditions, and other factors.
A significant portion of the Company's business is conducted in currencies
other than the U.S. dollar (the currency in which its financial statements are
stated), primarily the Swedish krona and, to a lesser extent, the U.K. pound
sterling, German mark, and Dutch guilder. The Company incurs a significant
portion of its expenses in Swedish kronor, including all of its product
development expenses and a substantial portion of its general and
administrative expenses. As a result, appreciation of the value of the Swedish
krona relative to the other currencies in which the Company generates
revenues, particularly the U.S. dollar, could adversely affect operating
results. The financial statements of the Company are translated from the
functional currency of the operating subsidiaries into U.S. dollars, the
Company's reporting currency, utilizing the current rate method. Accordingly,
assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the end
of the reporting period, and revenues and expenses are translated at the
average exchange rate during the period. All translation gains or losses from
the translation into the Company's reporting currency are included as a
separate component of stockholders' equity. Fluctuations in the Swedish krona
and other currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will affect period to period
comparison of the Company's reported results of operations. Due to the
constantly changing currency exposures and the volatility of currency exchange
rates, there can be no assurance that the Company will not experience currency
losses in the future, nor can the Company predict the effect of exchange rate
fluctuations upon future operating results. The Company does not currently
undertake hedging transactions to cover its currency exposure, but the Company
may choose to hedge a portion of its currency exposure in the future as it
deems appropriate.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
For the fiscal periods indicated, the following table sets forth the
percentage of total revenues represented by certain items reflected in the
Company's consolidated statements of operations:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Licenses ..................... 38.4 % 38.7 % 43.9 %
Services and maintenance ..... 52.4 57.7 53.2
Other ........................ 9.2 3.6 2.9
----- ----- -----
Total revenues ............ 100.0 100.0 100.0
----- ----- -----
Cost of revenues:
Licenses ..................... 7.8 6.8 2.6
Services and maintenance ..... 44.8 42.0 38.3
Other ........................ 8.1 2.4 1.7
----- ----- -----
Total cost of revenues .... 60.7 51.2 42.6
----- ----- -----
Gross profit .............. 39.3 48.8 57.4
----- ----- -----
Operating expenses:
Product development .......... 25.3 17.1 16.7
Sales and marketing .......... 20.6 19.4 25.1
General and administrative ... 15.1 8.9 7.4
----- ----- -----
Total operating expenses .. 61.0 45.4 49.2
----- ----- -----
Income (loss) from operations .. (21.7) 3.4 8.2
Other income (expense):
Interest income .............. 0.1 0.0 1.1
Interest expense ............. (2.5) (1.9) (0.4)
Miscellaneous income (expense) (1.4) 0.0 0.0
----- ----- -----
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before income taxes (25.5) 1.5 8.9
Provision (benefit) for
income taxes .................. (3.4) (2.0) (0.3)
----- ----- -----
Income (loss) from continuing
operations .................... (22.1) 3.5 9.2
Income (loss) from discontinued
operations .................... (0.9) 0.8 0.6
Gain on sale of discontinued
operations .................... -- -- 1.8
----- ----- -----
Net income (loss) .............. (23.0)% 4.3 % 11.6 %
===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
COMPARISON OF FISCAL YEARS 1997, 1996, and 1995
REVENUES
Total revenues consist of revenues derived from sales of software licenses
and related services, including software maintenance and support,
implementation, consulting and training. Total revenues increased 49.0% to
$59.6 million in fiscal 1997 from $40.0 million in fiscal 1996 and increased
44.2% in fiscal 1996 from $27.7 million in fiscal 1995. The increase in
revenues during these periods was primarily due to increased license fees from
the Company's System ESS product and related service and maintenance fees.
Licenses. License revenues increased 69.0% to $26.1 million in fiscal
1997 from $15.5 million in fiscal 1996 and increased 45.1% in fiscal 1996 from
$10.7 million in fiscal 1995. License revenues constituted 43.9%, 38.7%, and
38.4% of total revenues in fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively. The
significant increases in license revenues were primarily due to growing market
acceptance of the Company's software products and continued expansion of the
Company's sales and marketing organization, particularly into new geographical
areas and new vertical markets. In January, 1997, the former marketing and
sales arrangement with Oracle was replaced in part by a written Agreement.
Under the Agreement, revenue with respect to System ESS license sales which
are related to the Oracle Solution Suite for the CPG industry are accounted for
net of amounts retained by Oracle. The Company anticipates that this Agreement
may provide for Oracle to receive, in certain geographic markets, a higher
proportion of license revenues from System ESS if Oracle's responsibility for
sales and marketing activities in such geographic markets increases. In fiscal
1997, 63% of the Company's license revenues and 35% of the Company's total
revenues was derived from ten customers introduced to the Company by Oracle.
Service and Maintenance. Service and maintenance revenues increased
37.4% to $31.7 million in fiscal 1997 from $23.1 million in fiscal 1996 and
increased 58.9% from $14.5 million in fiscal 1995. Service and maintenance
revenues constituted 53.2%, 57.7%, and 52.4% of total revenues in fiscal 1997,
1996, and 1995, respectively. The significant increases in the dollar amount
of service and maintenance revenues were primarily due to the increase in
services related to a greater number of System ESS licenses sold, as well as
the high percentage of maintenance agreement renewals for licenses sold in
prior years. The Company expects service and maintenance revenues to increase
in total dollar amounts but decrease as a percentage of total revenues in
coming periods as the Company's sales and marketing strategy is to increase
its utilization of third-party implementation services to enable it to more
rapidly penetrate its target markets.
Other. Other revenues are primarily third-party hardware sales to help
certain customers implement System ESS. Other revenues increased 20.0% to $1.7
million in fiscal 1997 from $1.4 million in fiscal 1996 and decreased 43.6% in
fiscal 1996 from $2.5 million in fiscal 1995. Other revenues constituted 2.9%,
3.6% and 9.2% of total revenues in fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995 respectively.
The Company has deliberately reduced its emphasis on providing third-party
hardware and support, and its strategy is to minimize its efforts in this area
except on an as needed basis. The Company expects other revenues to fluctuate
generally in absolute dollars and to decline significantly as a percentage of
total revenues.
COST OF REVENUES
Cost of revenues was $25.4 million, $20.5 million, and $16.8 million in
fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995 representing 42.6%, 51.2%, and 60.7% of total
revenues, respectively. As a percentage of total revenues, cost of revenues
has declined both from fiscal 1996 to fiscal 1997 and from fiscal 1995 to
fiscal 1996. This decrease was primarily due to the fact that the gross margin
on license revenues is higher than the gross margin on all other revenues and
to an increase in the gross margin of license revenues as well as service and
maintenance revenues. The Company anticipates that if revenues from licenses
of System ESS continue to increase as a percentage of total revenues, then
costs of revenues will continue to decline as a percentage of total revenues.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the cost of
revenues for each revenue category and the cost of revenues represented as a
percentage of each revenue category:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
-------------- ------------ ------------
Cost % of Cost % of Cost % of
of Revenue of Revenue of Revenue
Revenues Category Revenues Category Revenue Category
(in thousands, except percentage data)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Licenses ................ $ 2,172 20.4% $ 2,717 17.6% $ 1,540 5.9%
Services and maintenance 12,424 85.4 16,813 72.8 22,871 72.0
Other ................... 2,252 88.7 947 66.1 1,001 58.3
------ ------ ------
Total cost of revenues $16,848 60.7% $20,477 51.2% $25,412 42.6%
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
Cost of License Revenues. Cost of license revenues consists primarily of
commissions and license fees paid to third parties in fiscal years 1997, 1996,
and 1995, particularly fees paid to Oracle pursuant to an informal joint
marketing and sales arrangement. Cost of license revenues was $1.5 million,
$2.7 million, and $2.2 million in fiscal 1997, 1996 and 1995, and 5.9%, 17.6%,
and 20.4% of license revenues, respectively. The decrease in the absolute
dollar amount of the cost of license revenues was principally related to the
fact that revenues received under the new Agreement with Oracle are net of
fees retained by Oracle.
Cost of Service and Maintenance Revenues. Cost of service and
maintenance revenues consists primarily of costs associated with consulting,
implementation, training, and ongoing support. Cost of service and maintenance
revenues was $22.9 million, $16.8 million, and $12.4 million in fiscal 1997,
1996, and 1995, representing 72.0%, 72.8% and 85.4% of service and maintenance
revenues, respectively. The increase in cost of service and maintenance
revenues in absolute dollars was primarily due to the increase in the number
of personnel providing consulting and training services to customers. Although
the Company intends to continue to enter into informal joint marketing
arrangements with third parties, including systems integrators, who might
provide services to the Company's customers, the Company expects to continue
to increase the number of its service personnel in the future as the number of
licensees of System ESS increases.
Cost of Other Revenues. Cost of other revenues consists primarily of the
cost of third party hardware supplied to certain customers. Cost of other
revenues was $1.0 million, $0.9 million, and $2.3 million in fiscal 1997, 1996
and 1995, representing 58.3%, 66.1%, and 88.7% of other revenues,
respectively. The Company has deliberately reduced its emphasis on providing
third-party hardware and support, and its strategy is to minimize its efforts
in this area except on an as needed basis. The Company expects cost of other
revenues to fluctuate on a period to period basis, to generally decrease in
absolute dollars and to decline significantly as a percentage of total cost of
revenues.
Product Development. Product development expenses consist primarily of
salaries and other related costs for the Company's engineering staff. Product
development expenses were $9.9 million, $6.8 million, and $7.0 million in
fiscal 1997, 1996 and 1995, representing 16.7%, 17.1%, and 25.3% of total
revenues, respectively. Product development expenses, in absolute dollars,
increased significantly in fiscal 1997 due to the build-up of development
staff, following a slight decrease in fiscal 1996 due to a reduction in the
hiring of third-party consultants. As a percentage of total revenues, product
development expenses declined in fiscal 1997 and 1996 from fiscal 1996 and
1995 primarily due to an increase in revenues related to System ESS. The
Company believes that a significant level of investment for product
development is required to remain competitive and, accordingly, the Company
anticipates that product development expenses will increase in the future,
both in absolute dollars and as a percentage of total revenues.
In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB")
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 86, software
development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has
been established, after which time such costs are capitalized until the
product is available for general release to customers. To date, costs incurred
after establishment of technological feasibility have been immaterial and, as
a result, all product development costs have been expensed as incurred.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of
salaries, commissions, and bonuses, and other related costs for sales and
marketing personnel, as well as certain partner royalties. Sales and
marketing expenses were $15.0 million, $7.7 million and $5.7 million in fiscal
1997, 1996, and 1995, representing 25.1%, 19.4%, and 20.6% of total revenues,
respectively. The increase in sales and marketing expenses in absolute dollars
from fiscal 1996 to fiscal 1997 and from fiscal 1995 to 1996 was primarily due
to increased headcount as the Company expanded its sales offices in the
United States and the United Kingdom and established new sales offices in
Germany and the Netherlands. The Company intends to continue the expansion of
its sales and marketing efforts and anticipates that sales and marketing
expenses will increase in absolute dollars and as a percentage of total
revenues in the future.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist
primarily of salary expenses and related expenses for administrative and
executive staff. General and administrative expenses were $4.4 million, $3.6
million, and $4.2 million in fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995, representing 7.4%,
8.9% and 15.1% of total revenues, respectively. General and administrative
expenses increased from fiscal 1996 to fiscal 1997 due to increased headcount
but decreased from fiscal 1995 to fiscal 1996 due primarily to severance
benefits incurred in fiscal 1995 relating to changes in management and costs
incurred in fiscal 1995 relating to obsolete computer equipment. The Company
believes that general and administrative expenses will generally increase in
absolute dollars but should decrease as a percentage of total revenues.
Other Income (Expense). Other income comprises interest income, interest
expenses, and miscellaneous income and expenses. Interest income was
approximately $0.6 million in fiscal 1997, whereas in each of fiscal 1996 and
1995 interest income was $0.0 million. The increase in 1997 compared to 1996
and 1995 is due to the Company's investment of a portion of the proceeds of
its initial public offering in short-term investments and interest-bearing
accounts. Interest expenses have decreased from approximately $0.7 million
in each of fiscal 1996 and 1995 to approximately $0.2 million in fiscal 1997.
The decrease in fiscal 1997 was the result of the Company's repayment of its
outstanding loans after the initial public offering.
Discontinued Operations. In fiscal 1997, the Company sold its 55%
owned subsidiary, Pargon AB ("Pargon") for $2.9 million in cash. The capital
gain on this transaction was $1.1 million (net of income tax of $0.4 million).
Pargon's business was focused on microprocessor compiler software and systems
consulting services, and, therefore, did not fit the Company's strategy of
focusing on System ESS.
Provision for Income Taxes. In fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995, the Company
recorded a benefit for income taxes of $0.2 million, $0.8 million, and $0.9
million, respectively. The benefits related primarily to the reduction of the
Company's valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. At April 30, 1997, the
Company had approximately $2.8 million of gross deferred tax assets comprised
primarily of net operating loss carryforwards in Sweden. Such net operating
loss carryforwards are available for an indefinite period of time. The Company
has recorded a valuation allowance with respect to a portion of such deferred
tax asset. The Company will continue to assess the realizability of the
deferred tax assets based upon actual and forecasted operating results.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Since its inception, the Company has financed and met its capital
expenditure requirements through cash flows from operations and short-term
borrowings and, during fiscal 1997, through sales of equity securities. Cash
flow from operations was $1.0 million in fiscal 1996 while in fiscal 1997 and
1995, a net of $2.2 million and $5.1 million, respectively, was used in
operating activities. Total repayment of borrowings were $8.1 and $1.0 in
fiscal 1997 and 1996, respectively, while net proceeds from borrowings in
fiscal 1995 were $5.6 million. Cash flows from issuance of common stock were
$28.2 million and $1.2 million in fiscal 1997 and 1996, respectively. The
Company purchased approximately $2.2 million, $1.3 million, and $0.8 million
of office equipment and other property in fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995,
respectively. At April 30, 1997, the Company did not have any material
commitments for capital expenditures.
At April 30, 1997, the Company had $30.8 million of working capital,
including $9.0 million in cash and cash equivalents and $10.0 in short term
investments, as compared to $1.4 million of negative working capital at April
30, 1996. The increase in working capital was primarily attributed to the
Company's initial public offering which was completed in September 1996 and
which generated net proceeds of $28.2 million after deducting offering
expenses and the underwriting discount.
The Company has chosen not to continue its revolving credit arrangement
with its bank in Sweden as the Company does not anticipate that this credit
facility will be needed in the near future. The Company expects this revolving
credit facility to be available as needed on terms equal or similar to the
earlier arrangement.
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, increased to
$22.5 million at April 30, 1997, from $13.1 million at April 30, 1996,
primarily due to a significant increase in revenues during fiscal 1997.
Contract receivables, primarily scheduled amounts due from customers on terms
which are longer than typical trade terms, decreased to $1.0 million at April
30 1997, from $1.2 million at April 30 1996 primarily due to collections of
contract receivables outstanding at April 30, 1996 partially offset by new
license agreements at April 30, 1997. Based upon the nature of the Company's
customers and its past collection experience, the Company does not expect to
encounter collection difficulties with respect to such accounts that would
have a material effect on the Company's position or results of operations.
Average days' outstanding, including contract receivables was 99 days for
the fiscal year ended April 30, 1997 as compared to 87 days for the year ended
April 30, 1996. The increase in average days outstanding was primarily due to
several large license sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 1997. Average
days' sales outstanding can fluctuate for a variety of reasons including the
mix of license and services revenue in any period, as payments terms for
license fees tend to be somewhat longer than for services and maintenance.
Total deferred revenue increased to $3.7 million at April 30, 1997, from
$2.4 million at April 30, 1996 primarily as a result of payments received from
customers for maintenance fees that will be recognized on a prorated basis.
The Company believes that existing cash and cash equivalent balances,
short-term investment balances, and potential cash flow from operations will
satisfy the Company's working capital and capital expenditure requirements for
at least the next 12 months. However any material acquisitions of
complementary businesses, products, or technologies could require the Company
to obtain additional sources of financing.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this item is included in Part IV Item 14 (a)(1)
and (2).
ITEM 9. CHANGES AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
None.
PAGE
<PAGE>
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Reference is made to the information to be set forth in the 1997
Proxy Statement under the caption "Election of Directors".
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Reference is made to the information to be set forth in the 1997
Proxy Statement under the caption "Executive Compensation."
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Reference is made to the information to be set forth in the 1997
Proxy Statement under the caption "Ownership of Common Stock."
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.
Reference is made to the information to be set forth in the 1997
Proxy Statement under the caption "Certain Business Relationships."
<PAGE>
<PAGE>
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Documents filed as a part of this Report:
(1) Consolidated Financial Statements. The following
consolidated financial statements of Industri-Matematik
International Corporation are filed as part of this report:
Report of Independent Public Accountants
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 1996,
and April 30, 1997.
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the
years ended April 30, 1995, 1996, and 1997.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders'
Equity for the years ended April 30, 1995, 1996,
and 1997.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the
years ended April 30, 1995, 1996, and 1997.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consent of Independent Public Accountants
dated July 28, 1997
Schedules other than those listed above are omitted for the reason
that they are not required, are not applicable, or the required information is
shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
Individual financial statements of the Company and its
subsidiaries are omitted because all subsidiaries included in the
Consolidated Financial Statements are 100% owned.
(b) No reports on Form 8-K have been filed by the Company during
the last quarter of the period covered by this Report.
Schedules other than the one listed above are omitted because
they are not required or are not applicable, or the required information is
shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto contained in
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(c) Exhibits
The exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed below
and are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number Description
- ------- -----------
<S> <C>
3.1 Amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company*
3.2 Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company*
10.1 Registration and Expense Agreement among the Company, Martin
Leimdorfer, and Warburg Pincus Investors, L.P.*
10.2 Registration Rights Agreement among the Company, Martin
Leimdorfer, and Warburg Pincus Investors, L.P.*
10.3 Stock Option Plan of the Company*
10.4 Form of Agreements of Registered Stock Program*
10.5 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of the Company**
10.6 Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated April 3, 1997
between Stig Durlow and the Company
10.7 Employee Agreement between Lars-Goran Peterson and the Company*
10.8 Lease dated April 28, 1993, between Lansforsakringsbolagen AB
and Industri-Matematik, AB and Amendment dated December 9, 1994
(certified English translation)*
10.9 Lease dated August 24, 1992, between Diosfastigheter AB and
Industri-Matematik, AB (certified English translation)*
10.10 Form of Indemnity Agreement with Officers and Directors*
11 Statement re: Computation of Per Share Earnings
21 Subsidiaries of the Company
23 Consent of Independent Public Accountants
27 Financial Data Schedule
</TABLE>
* Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-5495).
** Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit to the Company's Post-Effective
Amendment Number 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-5495).
(d) Financial Statement Schedules
None.
PAGE
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Industri-Matematik International Corp.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Industri-
Matematik International Corp. and subsidiaries as of April 30, 1996 and 1997,
and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in
stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended April 30, 1997. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide
a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Industri-
Matematik International Corp. and subsidiaries as of April 30, 1996 and 1997,
and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended April 30, 1997 in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
Stockholm, Sweden
July 28, 1997
OHRLINGS COOPERS & LYBRAND AB
By: /S/ ROBERT BARNDEN
-------------------------
Robert Barnden
<PAGE>
<PAGE>
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
ASSETS
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ................................... $ 558 $ 9,023
Short-term investments ...................................... -- 9,952
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts
of $321 and $205 at April 30, 1996 and 1997, respectively ... 13,067 22,463
Contract receivables ........................................ 1,190 1,010
Prepaid expenses ............................................ 1,160 1,773
Net assets of discontinued operations (Note 20).............. 1,111 --
Income taxes receivable ..................................... 48 28
Other current assets ........................................ 169 111
------ ------
Total current assets .................................... 17,303 44,360
====== ======
Non current assets:
Property and equipment, net ................................. 1,873 3,484
Deferred income taxes ....................................... 1,988 1,643
Goodwill .................................................... -- 1,107
Other non current assets .................................... 160 369
Total non current assets ................................ 4,021 6,603
------- -------
Total assets ....................................... $ 21,324 $ 50,963
======= =======
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings ....................................... $ 7,424 $ --
Current portion of capital lease obligations ................ 251 422
Accounts payable ............................................ 1,464 1,426
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities .............. 3,777 2,455
Accrued payroll and employee benefits ....................... 3,365 5,509
Deferred revenue ............................................ 2,386 3,717
Total current liabilities ............................... 18,667 13,529
======= =======
Long-term liabilities:
Capital lease obligations ................................... 624 554
Accrued pension liability ................................... 1,482 1,674
Deferred income taxes ....................................... 49 68
Other long-term liabilities ................................. -- 384
Total long-term liabilities ............................. 2,155 2,680
----- ------
Total liabilities ....................................... 20,822 16,209
====== ======
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Stockholders' equity:
Convertible Preferred Stock; $.01 par value; 15,000,000
shares authorized; 14,630,250 and 0 shares issued
and outstanding ............................................ 146 --
Common Stock; voting, $.01 par value; 35,000,000 and
62,500,000 shares authorized; 9,480,003 and 15,591,558
issued and outstanding ..................................... 94 156
Class B Common Stock; non-voting, $.01 par value; 12,500,000
shares authorized; 384,000 and 12,088,200 shares issued
and outstanding ............................................ 4 121
Additional paid-in capital .................................. 15,323 43,379
Accumulated deficit ......................................... (10,870) (4,106)
Cumulative translation adjustment ........................... (1,569) (2,270)
Notes receivable from stockholders (Note 14) ................ (2,626) (2,526)
------- -------
Total stockholders' equity .............................. 502 34,754
------- -------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity .............. $ 21,324 $ 50,963
======= =======
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
PAGE
<PAGE>
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Licenses ............................ $10,661 $15,474 $26,147
Services and maintenance ............ 14,543 23,103 31,747
Other ............................... 2,540 1,432 1,718
------ ------ ------
Total revenues .................. 27,744 40,009 59,612
====== ====== ======
Cost of revenues:
Licenses ............................ 2,172 2,717 1,540
Services and maintenance ............ 12,424 16,813 22,871
Other ............................... 2,252 947 1,001
------ ------ ------
Total cost of revenues .......... 16,848 20,477 25,412
------ ------- ------
Gross profit .................... 10,896 19,532 34,200
------ ------ ------
Operating expenses:
Product development ................. 7,009 6,822 9,935
Sales and marketing ................. 5,720 7,746 14,997
General and administrative .......... 4,192 3,579 4,399
------ ------ ------
Total operating expenses ....... 16,921 18,147 29,331
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) from operations ........ (6,025) 1,385 4,869
====== ====== ======
Other income (expense):
Interest income ..................... 15 13 643
Interest expense .................... (689) (744) (253)
Miscellaneous income (expense) ...... (384) (12) (21)
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before income taxes ................. (7,083) 642 5,238
Benefit for income taxes ............. (941) (781) (190)
------ ------ ------
Income from continuing operations .... (6,142) 1,423 5,428
Income (loss) from discontinued opera-
tions (Note 20) ..................... (246) 327 374
Gain on sale of discontinued operations
(net of income tax of $372) .. -- -- 1,100
------- ------ ------
Net income (loss)..................... $(6,388) $ 1,750 $ 6,902
====== ====== ======
Pro forma net income per share data: (Note 2)
Income from continuing operations ....... $ 0.06 $ 0.20
Income from discontinued operations ..... 0.01 0.01
Gain on sale of discontinued operations.. -- 0.04
------ ------
Pro forma net income per share ....... $ 0.07 $ 0.25
====== ======
Pro forma shares used in per share calculation 25,223 28,063
====== ======
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated
financial statements.
PAGE
<PAGE>
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Notes Total
Convertible Class B Additional Cumul. Receivable Stock-
Preferred Common Common Paid-in Accum. Transl. from holders
Stock Stock Stock Capital Deficit Adjus. Stockholders Equity
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance as of
May 1, 1994 $133 $ 76 $ 4 $ 8,865 $ (6,232) $(1,067) $1,779
Issuance of
1,319,265 shares
of Convertible
Preferred Stock 13 2,625 2,638
Currency translation
adjustment (126) (126)
Net loss (6,388) (6,388)
--- --- ---- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------
Balance as of
April 30, 1995 146 76 4 11,490 (12,620) (1,193) (2,097)
Issuance of
1,256,985 shares of
Common Stock under
Restricted Stock
Program 12 2,614 (2,626) 0
Issuance of
612,468 shares of
Common Stock 6 1,219 1,225
Currency translation
adjustment (376) (376)
Net income 1,750 1,750
--- --- ---- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------
Balance as of
April 30, 1996 146 94 4 15,323 (10,870) (1,569) (2,626) 502
Conversion of
Convertible
Preferred Stock (146) 29 117 0
Issuance of
3,200,000 shares
of Common Stock
under Initial Public
Offering, net of
expenses 32 28,085 28,117
Issuance of 35,500 shares
of Common Stock under
Stock Option Plan 1 70 71
Repurchase of 49,995
shares of Common Stock
under Restricted Stock
Program -- (99) (138) 100 (137)
Currency translation
adjustment (701) (701)
Net income 6,902 6,902
--- --- ---- ------ ------- ------- ------- ------
Balance as of
April 30, 1997 $ -- $156 $121 $43,379 $(4,106) $(2,270) $(2,526) $34,754
=== === === ====== ======= ======= ======== ======
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated
financial statements.
PAGE
<PAGE>
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss) .............................. $ (6,388) $ 1,750 $ 6,902
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization ................. 814 1,063 1,062
Provision for doubtful accounts ............... 175 99 (192)
Deferred income taxes ......................... (977) (876) (278)
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment 3 (3) 29
(Gain) loss on disposal of other shares ....... -- -- (111)
(Gain) loss on disposal of discontinued operations -- -- (1,100)
Write-down of property and equipment .......... 655 -- --
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable ........................... (4,209) (5,070) (9,123)
Accrued receivables and prepaid expenses ...... 2,361 1,789 (604)
Income taxes .................................. (717) 224 16
Other assets .................................. 632 (36) (203)
Accounts payable .............................. 310 135 (5)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (977) 361 (2,331)
Accrued payroll and employee benefits and
deferred revenue ............................. 2,755 1,626 3,565
Accrued pension liability ..................... 192 214 435
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by (used in) continuing
operations ................................... (5,371) 1,276 (1,938)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued
operations ................................... 248 (322) (288)
-------- ------- -------
Net cash flows provided by (used in)
operating activities ......................... (5,123) 954 (2,226)
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of short-term investments ............. -- -- (44,728)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments ... -- -- 34,776
Additions to property and equipment ............ (787) (1,269) (2,202)
Cash acquired in Ceratina ...................... -- -- 348
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ... 11 17 19
Proceeds from sale of other shares ............. -- -- 138
Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations .. -- -- 2,900
-------- -------- -------
Net cash flows provided by (used in)
investing activities ........................ (776) (1,252) (8,749)
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net borrowings (payments) under lines of credit 627 5,281 (7,670)
Proceeds from short-term borrowings ............ 2,665 -- --
Payments on short-term borrowings .............. (178) (5,994) (101)
Principal payments on capital lease obligations (190) (305) (346)
Proceeds from related party debt ............... 2,638 -- --
Issuance of Common Stock ....................... -- 1,225 28,188
Repurchase of Common Stock under Restricted
Stock Program ................................. -- -- (137)
Other .......................................... 420 484 (360)
-------- -------- -------
Net cash flows provided by financing
activities ................................ 5,982 691 19,574
-------- -------- -------
Translation differences on cash and cash
equivalents .................................... 2 5 (134)
-------- -------- -------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 85 398 8,465
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year .. 75 160 558
-------- -------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ........ $ 160 $ 558 $ 9,023
======== ======== =======
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid (received) during the year for:
Interest ....................................... $ 432 $ 621 $ 380
========= ======== =======
Income taxes ................................... $ 572 $ (40) $ 81
========= ======== =======
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
PAGE
<PAGE>
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Nature of Business and Organization
Industri-Matematik International Corp. ("Company'"), a Delaware
corporation, and its subsidiaries (collectively, "Companies"), develop,
market, implement and support client/server demand chain management software.
The Companies' primary software product, System ESS, has been designed to
provide for the complex and high throughput order fulfillment requirements of
manufacturers, distributors and wholesalers. The Company has operating
subsidiaries located and primarily conducts business in the United States,
Sweden and the United Kingdom. During fiscal 1997, subsidiaries were
established in the Netherlands and Germany.
The Company was formed on May 1, 1995 as the parent of Industri-Matematik
AB ("IMAB"), a company domiciled in Sweden, pursuant to a corporate
reorganization. The reorganization was effected by issuing all the shares of
the Company's stock to the stockholders of IMAB based upon the number and
class of shares of IMAB owned by each in exchange for all of the outstanding
stock of IMAB. The reorganization was accounted for in a manner similar to a
pooling-of-interests. The consolidated accounts comprise the accounts of the
Companies as if they had been owned by the Company throughout the entire
reporting period.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions
have been eliminated in consolidation.
In fiscal 1997, the Company sold its business segments operated by its 55%
owned subsidiary, Pargon AB ("Pargon"), a company domiciled in Sweden. In
accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No. 30, the
segments of Pargon have been presented as discontinued operations in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements. (See Note 20 for further
discussion and disclosure).
Revenue Recognition
License revenues represent sales of the Companies' System ESS software.
Service revenues represent sales from consulting implementation and training
services. Annual maintenance and support revenues consist of ongoing support
and product updates. Other revenues primarily represent hardware sales.
The Companies recognize revenue in accordance with the American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position ("SOP") 91-1, Software
Revenue Recognition. Software license fees are recognized upon the signing of
the license agreement and shipment of the product to the customer provided
that no significant vendor obligations remain and collection of the resulting
receivables is probable. Revenues relating to services are recognized as
services are performed. Annual payments for maintenance agreements are
generally received in advance and are non-refundable. Maintenance revenues are
recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Other revenues are
recognized when shipment is made to the customer. Unrecognized revenue
relating to maintenance contracts are reflected as deferred revenue in the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Under the terms of the Company's License Agreements, the only warranty
provided is that the software will function in accordance with the operation
documentation by a specified date. As this warranty is effective for a very
limited time period and historically the Company has had no warranty claims,
the Company's policy is to record no warranty provision upon the recognition
of license revenues. In addition, due to the Companies' insignificant product
returns and price adjustments in the past, no provision is made for product
returns and price adjustments upon recognition of software license revenues.
Insignificant vendor obligations are recorded at the time products are
shipped.
In January 1997, the Company entered into a written Agreement with Oracle
Corporation ("Oracle") pursuant to which the two companies agreed to market
the Oracle Solution Suite incorporating the Company's System ESS software to
potential customers in the consumer packaged goods ("CPG") industry. (See
Note 16 for further discussion.) Under the Agreement, revenues with respect
to System ESS license sales which are related to the Oracle Solution Suite
for the CPG industry are accounted for net of fees retained by Oracle.
Product Development Costs
Software development costs are accounted for in accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 86, "Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed."
Costs incurred in the product development of new software products are
expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. To
date, the establishment of technological feasibility of the Company's products
and general release substantially coincide. As a result, the Companies have
not capitalized any software development costs since such costs have been
immaterial.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation
and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the
straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives of the assets ranging
from 3 to 5 years. Equipment purchased under capital leases is amortized on a
straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset
or the lease term.
Upon retirement or sale of property and equipment, cost and accumulated
depreciation on such assets are removed from the accounts and any gains or
losses are reflected in the statement of operations. Maintenance and repairs
are charged to expense as incurred.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of assets
acquired and is amortized using the straight-line method over a period of 10
years. The Company reviews the carrying value of goodwill for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
may not be recoverable.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency of the Company's foreign subsidiaries is the
applicable local currency. The translation from the respective foreign
currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using
current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for income
statement accounts using a weighted average exchange rate during the period.
Gains or losses resulting from such translation are included as a separate
component of stockholders' equity. Gains or losses resulting from foreign
currency transactions are included in miscellaneous income (expense). For the
fiscal years ended April 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997 foreign exchange gains (losses)
of ($105,000), $65,000 and ($75,000),respectively, were recorded by the
Companies.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Companies to
concentrations of credit risk consist principally of accounts receivable with
customers and short-term investments. Credit risk with respect to accounts
receivable, however, is limited due to the number of customers comprising the
Companies' customer base and their dispersion principally across the United
States, Scandinavia and the United Kingdom. The Companies' customers are
generally multi-national companies in the food and beverage, pharmaceutical,
consumer electronics, automotive parts and industrial sector industries. The
Companies perform ongoing credit evaluations of their customers and do not
require collateral. The Companies maintain allowances for potential credit
losses and such losses have been within management's expectations. Short-term
investments are placed with high credit quality financial institutions or in
short-duration, high quality debt securities.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
The Companies consider all highly liquid, low risk debt instruments
purchased with maturity dates of three months or less from the date of
purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at fair market
value, which approximates cost, based on quoted market prices. The Company's
short-term investments comprise fixed income securities with remaining
maturities of more than 90 days at the time of purchase. The Company has
classified its short-term investments in fixed income securities as available
for sale securities, which are carried at their fair value based upon the
quoted market prices of those investments at April 30, 1997. Accordingly, the
change in unrealized gains and losses with respect to these securities is
recorded as a direct increase or decrease in stockholders' equity, net of
deferred income tax, if any.
Fixed income securities available for sale are purchased with the original
intent to hold to maturity, but which may be available for sale if market
conditions warrant, or if the Company's investment policies dictate, in order
to maximize the Company's investment yield. Realized gains and losses are
included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method
for determining the cost of securities sold. When impairment of the value of
an investment is considered other than temporary, the decrease in value is
reported in earnings as a realized investment loss and a new cost basis is
established.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and contingent
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the reporting years. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
Pro Forma Net Income Per Share
For the years ended April 30, 1996, and 1997, pro forma net income per share
was based on the weighted average number of common and common stock
equivalents outstanding during the period, computed in accordance with the
treasury stock method. The weighted average number of common shares for the
years ended April 30, 1996, and 1997, assumed the three-for-one stock split
and the conversion of all Convertible Preferred Stock into Common Stock and
Class B Common Stock upon the closing of the Company's initial public offering
using the if-converted method as of the beginning of the reporting period.
Historical net income per share data for periods prior to the year ended April
30, 1996, has not been presented as such information is not considered to be
relevant or meaningful.
Pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting
Bulletins, common and common equivalent shares issued at prices below the
anticipated public offering price during the twelve months immediately
preceding the initial filing date have been included in the calculation as
outstanding for the entire year ended April 30, 1996, and the entire interim
period of the year ended April 30, 1997, in which the initial public offering
was made (using the treasury stock method and the anticipated initial public
offering price). The determination of common stock and common stock
equivalents outstanding for the interim periods after the initial public
offering in the fiscal year ended April 30, 1997, are based upon the weighted
average number of shares outstanding and the dilutive effect of common stock
equivalents outstanding, determined using the treasury stock method and the
average market price for the period.
Cash Flow Information
Cash flows in foreign currencies have been converted to U.S. dollars at an
approximate weighted average exchange rate or the exchange rates in effect at
the time of the cash flows, where determinable.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SFAS No. 107, "Disclosure about Fair Value of Financial Instruments."
requires the disclosure of estimated fair values for all financial instruments
for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. Financial instruments
including cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables, deferred
revenue, and current portions of long-term debt are deemed to approximate fair
value due to their short maturity. The carrying amount of long-term debt with
banks and capitalized lease obligations are also deemed to approximate their
fair values.
Income taxes
The Companies account for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109,
"Accounting for Income Taxes." Under SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing
assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates that are
applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are
expected to be settled or realized, to the differences between the financial
statement carrying amount and the tax bases of existing assets and
liabilities. Under SFAS 109, the effect of a change in tax rates on deferred
tax assets and liabilities is recognized in net income in the period in which
the tax rate change is enacted. The statement also requires a valuation
allowance against net deferred tax assets if, based upon the available
evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax
assets may not be realized.
Effect of Recent Pronouncements
In February 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share". SFAS
No. 128 establishes standards for computing and presenting earnings per share.
The Company believes that the implementation of this statement will not have a
material impact on the Company's calculation of earnings per share.
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income"
and SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information". SFAS No. 130 establishes standards for reporting and display of
comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general-purpose
financial statements. The Company will be required to comply with the
requirements of SFAS No. 130 for the fiscal year ending April 30, 1999. SFAS
No. 131 establishes revised guidelines for determining an entity's operating
segments and the type and level of financial information to be disclosed. It
requires entities to report segment information in quarterly reports issued to
shareholders. The Company will be required to comply with the requirements of
SFAS No. 131 in the fiscal year ending April 30, 1999. The Company believes
that the implementation of these statements will not have a significant impact
on the nature of information disclosed in the financial statements.
3. Short-term investments
Short-term investments are comprised of fixed income securities which are
classified as available for sale securities. As of April 30, 1997, the
Company had one Federal Agency security with an amortized cost of $9,952,000
which approximates fair value. The Federal Agency security matures within one
year. During the year ended April 30, 1997, proceeds from sales of fixed
income securities were $34,997,000.
4. Accounts Receivable Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The following table provides a summary of the activity in the accounts
receivable allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended April 30, 1995,
1996 and 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at beginning of period $ 29 $ 205 $ 321
Charged to expense . . . . . . 210 265 80
Deductions . . . . . . . . . . (34) (149) (196)
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of period $ 205 $ 321 $ 205
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
5. Prepaid Expenses
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Prepaid rent . . . . . . . . . . $ 251 $ 284
Prepaid leasing costs. . . . . . 205 154
Prepaid insurance costs. . . . . 108 260
Prepaid third party licenses -- 267
Prepaid maintenance. . . . . . . 187 245
Prepaid option premium expenses -- 159
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 404
----- -----
$1,160 $1,773
===== =====
</TABLE>
6. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation.
Property and equipment consists of:
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Computer equipment . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,877 $ 4,564
Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . 1,272 1,494
Automobiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571 755
Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . -- 248
------- -------
4,720 7,061
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (2,847) (3,577)
------- -------
$ 1,873 $ 3,484
======= =======
</TABLE>
Included in property and equipment are assets leased under capital lease
obligations as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Computer equipment . . . . . . $ 250 $ 384
Furniture and fixtures . . . . 312 379
Automobiles. . . . . . . . . . 510 730
Leasehold improvements -- 27
------ ------
1,072 1,520
Less accumulated amortization (255) (535)
------ ------
$ 817 $ 985
====== ======
</TABLE>
The amortization expense on capital leases amounted to $214,000 and
$337,000 for the years ended April 30, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
7. Income Taxes
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes was
distributed geographically as follows:
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (1,583) $ 87 $ 342
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5,500) 555 4,896
-------- ------ -------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (7,083) $ 642 $ 5,238
======== ====== =======
</TABLE>
Components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current:
Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ -- $ -- $ 122
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 13
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 100 2
Total current provision . . . . . . . 38 105 137
Deferred:
Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (10) $ 58 $ (70)
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 2 46
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (969) (946) (303)
------ ------ ------
Total deferred provision (benefit) (979) (886) (327)
------ ------ ------
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes $ (941) $ (781) $ (190)
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
The approximate tax effects of temporary differences which give
rise to net deferred taxes are:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred income taxes, noncurrent asset
Net operating loss carryforwards . . . . . . $5,260 $2,774
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (290) (18)
------ ------
Total deferred income taxes, noncurrent asset 4,970 2,756
Valuation allowance. . . . . . . . . . . . . (2,982) (1,113)
------ ------
Total net deferred income taxes, noncurrent asset 1,988 1,643
------ ------
Deferred income taxes, long-term liability
Net operating loss carryforwards . . . . . . 43 44
Alternative Minimum Tax Credits. . . . . . . 153 --
Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (32) (84)
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (213) --
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- (28)
------ ------
Total deferred income taxes, long-term liability (49) (68)
------ ------
Total net deferred tax asset . . . . . . . . $1,939 $1,575
====== ======
</TABLE>
A reconciliation of the provision (benefit) for income taxes to the amount
computed by applying the statutory rates is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
$ % $ % $ %
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Statutory rate $(2,408) 34% $ 218 34% $1,780 34%
Benefit of utilization of net
operating loss and tax credit
carryforwards - (542) (85) (128) (2)
Valuation of temporary
differences 1,104 (16) (1,176) (183) (1,614) (31)
Deferred revenues (267) 4 620 96 -- --
Foreign taxes 376 (5) (33) (5) (317) (6)
Other 254 (4) 132 21 89 1
------ --- ------ ---- ----- ----
Effective tax rate (941) 13% $ (781) (122)% (190) (4)%
====== === ====== ==== ===== ====
</TABLE>
As of April 30, 1997, the Companies had net operating loss carryforwards
of approximately $10,020,000 available to offset future taxable income of
which $9,793,000 is related to net operating loss carryforwards in IMAB. Net
operating loss carryforwards available to offset alternative minimum taxable
income do not differ significantly from those available to offset regular
taxable income. The majority of these carryforwards are available for an
indefinite period.
The deferred tax asset was reduced by a valuation allowance of $2,585,000
as of April 30, 1994. The valuation allowance increased to $3,911,000 as of
April 30, 1995. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 1996, the Companies,
based on their operating results and the strong market acceptance of the
System ESS product, reduced their valuation allowance by $929,000 to
$2,982,000. The valuation allowance has been further reduced by $1,869,000 to
$1,113,000 as of April 30, 1997. This change in judgment regarding the
realizability of certain net operating losses has been reflected in the
benefit for income taxes for the years ended April 30, 1996 and 1997.
Realization of the residual tax asset of $1,575,000 as of April 30, 1997 is
dependent on generating sufficient taxable income and corresponding taxes in
the future to offset the net operating loss carryforwards. Estimated future
earnings necessary to fully realize the net deferred tax asset are $5,625,000.
Such earnings currently are forecasted to be realized within the next fiscal
year. There can be no assurance that future earnings, if any, will meet
currently forecasted levels, however it is management's opinion that the
realization of such earnings in the future is more likely than not. The amount
of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be reduced in
the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward
period are reduced.
The Companies have not recorded deferred income taxes applicable to
undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that are indefinitely
reinvested in foreign operations.
8. Short-Term Borrowings
During the year ended April 30, 1997, proceeds from the Company's initial
public offering were utilized to repay all outstanding short-term debt.
The Companies had various revolving credit agreements in effect with a
Swedish bank with available borrowings aggregating $9,900,000 of which
$2,562,000 was unused as of April 30, 1996. During the year ended April 30,
1997, the Company closed all credit facilities except for the line of credit
facility denominated in U.S. dollars. As of April 30, 1997, available and
unused lines of credit amount to $1,036,000.
As of April 30, 1996, approximately $5,893,000 of the Companies' assets in
Sweden were pledged as collateral, however, as a result of the closing of the
credit facilities, the collateral is no longer required as of April 30, 1997.
The agreements for the Companies' former credit facilities contained a debt
covenant and a restriction on the payment of dividends which are no longer
applicable as of April 30, 1997.
The following provides a summary of the terms and balances outstanding
relating to the Companies' short-term borrowings:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
Description 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
SEK 15,000,000 Revolving Line of Credit Facility renewable
November 28, 1996 and SEK 6,500,000 Facility due
September 8, 1996, Swedish Prime Rate plus 1% (weighted
average interest rate of 7.88% at April 30, 1996) . . . . . $ 3,003 $ --
US $2,700,000 Revolving Line of Credit Facility renewable
June 27, 1996, U.S. Prime Rate plus 1.75% (weighted
average interest rate of 7.30% at April 30, 1996) . . . . . 319 --
GBP 2,000,000 Revolving Line of Credit Facility renewable
December 8, 1996, British Prime Rate plus 1.75% (weighted
average interest rate of 7.88% at April 30, 1996) . . . . . 3,005 --
US $1,000,000 Facility renewable May 31, 1997, U.S. Prime
Rate plus .25% (weighted average interest rate of 8.27%
at April 30, 1996). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000 --
Finance company loan due September 1996, Swedish Market "K1"
plus 2.5% (8.81% at April 30, 1996), unsecured. . . . . . . 97 --
------ ------
Total short-term borrowings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,424 $ --
====== ======
</TABLE>
9. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Accrued purchases. . . . . . $1,731 $ 651
Accrued royalty. . . . . . . 1,372 --
Acquisition of Ceratina . . -- 1,025
Accrual for loss contract. . 237 --
Accrued pension taxes. . . . -- 407
Value-added tax. . . . . . . 131 160
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . 306 212
----- -----
$3,777 $2,455
====== ======
</TABLE>
The accrual for loss contract relates to a reserve for obsolete software
that was part of an operating lease contract for computer hardware. The amount
accrued represents the software portion of the future minimum lease payments
based on the fair value of the software in relation to the fair value of both
the hardware and software provided under the total lease contract. Accruals
for contract expenses are primarily license fees to third parties for software
included in the sale of System ESS.
10. Accrued Payroll and Employee Benefits
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Accrued commissions . . . . . . $ 776 $2,500
Accrued payroll taxes . . . . . 960 1,392
Accrued vacation pay . . . . . 750 1,030
Accrued salaries and bonus. . . 879 297
Accrued pension expenses. . . . -- 290
----- ------
$3,365 $5,509
====== ======
</TABLE>
11. Employee Benefit Plans
The Companies provide retirement benefits for substantially all employees
in the United States and in foreign locations. In the U.S. and the U.K., the
Companies sponsor defined contribution plans. In addition, IMAB has a
supplemental defined contribution plan for certain key management.
The Companies' Swedish subsidiary, IMAB, participates in several pension
plans (non-contributory for employees), which cover substantially all
employees of its Swedish operations. The plans are administered by a national
organization, Pensionsregistreringsinstitutet ("PRI"), in which most companies
in Sweden participate. The level of benefits and actuarial assumptions are
established by the national organization and, accordingly, IMAB may not change
benefit levels or actuarial assumptions. The Company accounts for pensions in
accordance with SFAS No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions" using the
projected unit credit cost method.
The net periodic pension cost related to continuing operations is
comprised of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $106 $164 $263
Interest cost. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 85 171
Amortization of actuarial net loss or gain . . (3) (9) 4
Amortization of transition obligation. . . . . 3 3 3
---- ---- ----
Net periodic pension cost. . . . . . . . . . . $178 $243 $441
==== ==== ====
</TABLE>
The following table shows the plans funded status and amounts
recognized in the consolidated balance sheet:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Actuarial present value of benefit obligation:
Vested benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,316 $1,470
Additional benefits due to salary increases 673 590
------ ------
Projected benefit obligation ("PBO"). . . . . . . 1,989 2,060
Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . -- --
------ ------
Unfunded PBO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,989 2,060
Unrecognized actuarial (gain) or loss . . . . . . (481) (366)
Unrecognized transition obligation. . . . . . . . (26) (20)
------ ------
Accrued pension liability . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,482 $1,674
====== ======
</TABLE>
The actuarial assumptions used in computing the pension amounts
above were:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Discount rate . . . . . 8.5% 8.0% 8.0%
Salary increase . . . . 5.0% 5.0% 5.0%
Inflation . . . . . . . 4.0% 4.0% 4.0%
</TABLE>
Defined Contribution Plans
Contributions by the Companies relating to their defined contribution
plans for the years ended April 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997 were $149,000,
$208,000 and $216,000 respectively.
12. Capital Lease Obligations
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Obligations under capital leases, imputed interest rates of 13.2%-
20.8% and 11.0%-20.0% in 1996 and 1997, respectively, terms vary
from 36 to 60 months, collateralized by the underlying assets . . . $ 875 $ 976
Less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (251) (422)
----- -----
Capital lease obligations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 624 $ 554
===== =====
</TABLE>
Future minimum payments, by year and in the aggregate, under
noncancellable capital leases consist of the following as of April 30,
1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Future minimum payments
on capital leases
(in thousands)
<S> <C>
Fiscal Year Ending April 30,
1998 . . . . . . . . . . $ 468
1999 . . . . . . . . . . 366
2000 . . . . . . . . . . 186
2001 . . . . . . . . . . 35
2002 . . . . . . . . . . 4
Thereafter . . . . . . . 0
-----
Total future minimum lease payments $1,059
=====
</TABLE>
13. Stockholders' Equity
The Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as in
effect as of April 30, 1997, authorizes (i) 15,000,000 shares of preferred
stock ("Preferred Stock") at par value of $0.01 and (ii) 75,000,000 shares of
Common Stock at par value of $0.01 of which 12,500,000 shares have been
designated as Class B Common Stock. No shares of Preferred Stock were
outstanding at April 30, 1997. Holders of Common Stock are entitled to one
vote for each share held. Holders of Class B Common Stock have no voting
rights. All holders of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock are entitled to
receive dividends in the same amount per share.
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the
outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, upon any transfer of such shares
by the holder thereof, will be automatically converted into a like number of
shares of Common Stock, subject to adjustment upon certain events with respect
to the Common Stock. In addition, the holder of Class B Common Stock has the
right to convert such shares to Common Stock at any time provided that after
conversion such holder may not control more than 49% of the Common Stock.
All outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred Stock was converted into
Common Stock (20%) and Class B Common Stock (80%) on the date of the initial
public offering.
Total stockholders' equity includes an amount of SEK 40,800,000
(approximately U.S. $6,000,000) in IMAB which is restricted as to usage
according to Swedish Company Law. The amount only can be used to cover a net
deficit, for an increase in share capital, or for other uses as agreed by the
courts.
In May 1996, the Company's Board of Directors approved a three-for-one
stock split of its issued and outstanding Common Stock, Class B Common Stock,
and Convertible Preferred Stock without change to the par value, which became
effective in July 1996. All per share, weighted average shares outstanding and
option data presented in the consolidated financial statements have been
retroactively adjusted to reflect the effects of the split unless otherwise
indicated.
14. Stock Option Plan, Restricted Stock Program, and Employee Stock
Purchase Plan
Stock Option Plan
In May 1995, the Company adopted the Industri-Matematik International
Corp. Stock Option Plan (the "U.S. Plan"). The U.S. plan provides for grants
of incentive stock options to key employees (including officers and employee
directors) of the Companies and non-incentive stock options to members of the
Company's Board of Directors, consultants and other advisors of the Company
who are not employees. The maximum term for either form of option is ten
years. A total of 2,060,025 shares of Common Stock were reserved for future
issuance under the U.S. Plan.
The Company's board of directors believes that all stock options were
granted with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the Company's Common
Stock on the date of the grant, based on the facts, circumstances and
limitations existing at the time of their determinations.
If compensation cost had been determined based on the fair value of the
options for which no compensation cost has been recognized, consistent with
the method of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation" (SFAS 123), the Company's net loss and loss per
share would have been:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years ended April 30,
1996 1997
(in thousands, except per share data)
<S> <C> <C>
Net income As reported . . . . $ 1,750 $ 6,902
Pro forma . . . . . 1,690 6,653
Earnings per share As reported . . . . $ 0.07 $ 0.25
Pro forma . . . . . 0.07 0.24
</TABLE>
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant
using the Black-Scholes options-pricing modem with the following weighted-
average assumptions used for grants in the years ended April 30, 1996 and
1997, respectively: expected volatility of 80 percent; risk-free interest
rates of 5.35-6.21 percent and 6.16-6.70 percent, respectively, for the years
ended April 30, 1996 and 1997; and expected lives of 5 years.
A summary of the Company's U.S. Plan is presented below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years ended April 30,
1996 1997
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Shares Exercise Price Shares Exercise Price
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at beginning of year -- -- 939,975 $ 2.00
Granted 1,014,975 $ 2.00 215,000 $ 8.95
Exercised -- -- (35,500) $ 2.00
Expired/Cancelled (75,000) $ 2.00 (75,000) $ 2.00
--------- --------
Outstanding at year end 939,975 $ 2.00 1,044,475 $ 3.43
========= ====== ========= ======
Weighted-average fair value of
options granted during the year $ 2.25 $ 3.82
====== ======
</TABLE>
Restricted Stock Program
In May 1995, the Company instituted a restricted stock program whereby
shares of the Company's Common Stock were purchased by certain key employees
of the Company's operating subsidiary in Sweden in exchange for nonrecourse
promissory notes. The shares were issued through a wholly owned subsidiary of
the Company, Software Finance Corporation ("SFC"). Principal on the promissory
notes is due either nine or ten years after issuance with interest being due
and payable annually, generally at the beginning of each fiscal year.
Under the Restricted Stock Program the total number of shares issued were
1,256,985 at a weighted average price of $2.09 per share for total proceeds of
$2,626,000. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 1997, 49,995 shares issued
pursuant to the Restricted Stock Program were repurchased from one shareholder
for $237,476.
Under the terms of the restricted stock program, SFC has an option to
repurchase the shares issued to each employee provided it pays the annual
option premium. The exercise price to be paid by SFC upon exercise of a purchase
option shall be the fair market value, provided that if the option to purchase
is exercised prior to the end of a stated period, then the exercise price
shall be the initial purchase price for a percentage of the shares after the
first anniversary of the option agreement, generally decreasing by 20% each
subsequent year, such that the exercise price is the fair market value.
Under the terms of the Restricted Stock Program SFC pays an annual option
premium to the restricted stock shareholders. Such premium is at a rate
substantially equal to the interest due on the non-recourse promissory note.
The restricted stock shares are included within Common Stock and
additional paid-in capital in Stockholders' equity while the non-recourse
promissory notes are classified as a contra-account as notes receivable from
Stockholders, and shown in Stockholders' equity.
SFC has the right and obligation to apply against the payment of any
principal due on the employee's promissory note any amounts payable by SFC to
the recipient of the Shares as the exercise price under the Option Agreement.
The Company has the ability and intent to prevent the recipients from selling
the purchased securities. The Company has not recognized any compensation
expense in respect of the restricted stock in the statements of operations
since the purchase price of the restricted stock did not differ from the
estimated fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of issuance. The
restricted stock shares issued under this program and dividends paid are
subject to a pledge and security interest held by SFC.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Effective February 26, 1997, the Company adopted, subject to shareholder
approval, the Industri-Matematik International Corp. 1997 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan ("ESPP") to provide eligible employees an opportunity to
purchase shares of Company Common Stock at a discount from market value
through payroll deductions and other contributions. The ESPP establishes
purchase periods of up to 27 months and two 6-month accrual periods per
calendar year commencing each January 1 and June 1, except that the first
accrual period started on February 26, 1997, and ended on June 30, 1997. On
the last day of each accrual period, participant account balances are used to
purchase shares of Common Stock at the lesser of 85% of the fair market value
of the Common Stock on such date or on the first day of the purchase period.
No participant may purchase more than 500 shares in any accrual period, and
600,000 shares are available for purchase pursuant to the ESPP. No shares
were issued and no contributions towards the purchase of shares were made
pursuant to the provisions of the ESPP in fiscal 1997.
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Operating leases
The Companies lease office facilities and certain office equipment under
various noncancelable operating lease agreements.
Aggregate future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating
leases are as follows as of April 30, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Future minimum payments
Fiscal Year Ending April 30, on operating leases
(in thousands)
<S> <C>
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,074
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,732
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,150
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . 630
--------
Total future minimum lease payments $ 6,846
========
</TABLE>
Total rent expense under the leases was $1,455,000, $973,000 and
$2,226,000 for the years ended April 30, 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively.
Litigation
The Companies have not had a record of material disputes. There is
currently one dispute that is unresolved and for which a formal complaint has
been filed. The Companies believe that the allegations of this customer have
no merit and plans to vigorously defend the action. While the outcome of this
matter cannot be determined with certainty, the Companies do not believe that
the resolution of this claim will have a material adverse effect on the
Companies' business, operating results, liquidity or financial condition. The
Companies are not a party to any litigation that would have a material adverse
effect on their business, operating results, liquidity or financial condition.
See Note 21.
16. Relationship with Oracle
In January 1997, the Company entered into a written agreement with
Oracle pursuant to which the two companies agreed to market the Oracle
Solution Suite incorporating the Company's System ESS software to
potential customers in the consumer packaged goods industry. The
agreement deals with development of component software, integration,
marketing, and support. Pursuant to the written agreement, Oracle pays the
Company specified percentages of the total fees that Oracle receives from the
customer. The Company has the right to market System ESS to customers in the
consumer packaged goods industry as a joint solution or in any manner which
does not encompass all of the elements of the Oracle Solution Suite. In
addition, outside of the scope of the Oracle Solution Suite, the Company and
Oracle periodically enter into separate agent agreements with respect to a
customer authorizing Oracle to license the Company's System ESS software to
that customer. Pursuant to the agent agreements, Oracle pays to the Company a
specified amount for the particular license. For the fiscal years ended April
30, 1996 and 1997, 58% and 63%, respectively, of the Company's license
revenues and 24% and 35%, respectively, of the Company's total revenues was
derived from customers introduced to the Company by Oracle pursuant to this
agreement.
17. Related Party Transactions
During the fiscal year ended April 30, 1995, the Company issued a
promissory note to the Company's majority stockholder of $2.5 million. This
note, together with accrued interest thereon was converted into shares of the
Company's Convertible Preferred Stock within the same fiscal year as
originally issued.
The Companies had a consulting arrangement with a shareholder of the
Company which expired on October 31, 1996. Pursuant to this arrangement, the
shareholder received $306,000 and $228,000 from the Companies during the years
ended April 30, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
As of April 30, 1997, the Company had a short-term loan receivable with an
employee of the Company in the amount of $100,000.
18. Geographic Information
The Companies' operations are located primarily in the United States,
Sweden and the United Kingdom.
The following table sets forth information relating to revenues, income
(loss) from operations and identifiable assets by geographic location of
subsidiaries:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Inter-
Year Ended United United Discontinued Co. & Total
April 30, States Sweden Kingdom Netherlands Operations Other Consol.
Revenues (in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997 $18,432 $35,629 $ 8,227 $ -- $ -- $(2,676) $59,612
====== ====== ======= ==== ==== ====== ======
1996 $12,805 $25,439 $ 2,955 $ -- $ -- $(1,190) $40,009
======= ====== ======= ==== ==== ====== ======
1995 $ 7,068 $23,117 $ 1,482 $ -- $ -- $(3,923) $27,744
======= ======= ======== ==== ==== ====== ======
Year Ended
April 30,
Income (loss) from
operations (in thousands)
1997 $ 747 $ 4,938 $ (234) $(295) $ -- $ (287) $ 4,869
====== ====== ======= ==== ==== ====== ======
1996 $ 214 $ 1,098 $ 73 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 1,385
====== ====== ======= ==== ==== ====== ======
1995 $(1,348) $(4,545) $ (132) $ -- $ -- $ -- $(6,025)
====== ====== ======= ==== ==== ====== ======
April 30,
Identifiable Assets (in thousands)
1997 $63,908 $25,695 $ 4,984 $ 156 $ -- $ (43,780) $50,963
====== ====== ======= ==== ===== ====== ======
1996 $11,420 $13,209 $ 2,725 $ -- $1,111 $ (7,141) $21,324
====== ====== ======= ==== ===== ====== =======
</TABLE>
The Company's export sales are less than 10 percent of total revenue.
The disclosure of export sales by geographic area, therefore, is not required
according to SFAS No. 14 "Financial Reporting for Segments of a Business
Enterprise." The following table is presented to show revenues by customer
location:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended United United Other Asia/ Total
April 30, States Sweden Kingdom Europe Pacific Consolidated
Revenues (in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997 $29,767 $11,536 $ 8,253 $ 4,064 $5,992 $59,612
====== ======= ======= ====== ====== =======
1996 $18,212 $13,516 $ 3,081 $ 3,249 $1,951 $40,009
====== ======= ======= ======= ====== =======
1995 $ 8,550 $17,040 $ $ 2,154 $ $27,744
====== ======= ======= ======= ====== =======
</TABLE>
Major customers
For the year ended April 30, 1995, the Companies recorded revenues from
two customers which comprised 13% and 12% of total revenues, respectively. For
the years ended April 30, 1996 and 1997, the Companies had no single customers
with sales comprising more than 10% of total revenues.
19. Acquisition of Ceratina
On April 24, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of
Ceratina International AB ("Ceratina"), a Swedish-based warehouse management
software company, for $1,025,000. This amount was paid in May 1997 and is,
therefore, shown as other current liability at April 30, 1997. The Ceratina
acquisition agreement provides that the Company will be required to pay
additional consideration of $45,000 on the signing of each new license
agreement for warehouse software. This provision applies to license agreements
made from the date of the acquisition to April 30, 2000 and is limited to a
total of $768,000. The Company estimates that it is more likely than not that
approximately $384,000 will be required to be paid as additional
consideration. The results of Ceratina International AB have been combined
with those of the Company since January 1, 1997.
The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method. Accordingly,
a portion of the purchase price was allocated to the net assets acquired based
on their estimated fair values. The fair value of the tangible assets acquired
and liabilities assumed was $781,000 and $516,000, respectively. The excess of
the purchase price over the net assets acquired, which includes the estimated
additional consideration as described above, amounted to $1,144,000. This
amount was recorded as goodwill and is being amortized over ten years on a
straight-line basis.
The results of operations of Ceratina International AB are immaterial with
respect to the Company as a whole.
20. Discontinued Operations
On January 20, 1997, the Company sold its stock representing 55% ownership
in Pargon AB for $2,900,000 in cash. The Company recorded a gain of $1,100,000
(net of taxes of $372,000) on the sales. Pargon AB operated in two segments
constituting the production and sale of microprocessor compilers and
consultancy services for relational data base management systems ("RDBMS").
The Microprocessor compiler segment includes the development and supply
through direct sale of compilers for microprocessors used by manufacturers of
domestic appliances and cellular communications equipment. The RDBMS
consultancy segment related to the supply of RDBMS consultancy services to
public sector institutions in Sweden.
The disposal of these business segments has been accounted for as
discontinued operations in accordance with APB No. 30 and therefore, their
operations have been separately presented in the consolidated financial
statements. Revenues, cost of revenues, operating expenses, other income and
expense and provisions for income taxes for the fiscal year 1995, 1996 and
1997 have been reclassified for amounts associated with the discontinued
operations.
Summary operating results associated with the discontinued operations of
Pargon AB for the years ended April 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997 were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended April 30,
1995 1996 1997
(in thousands)
<S> <C <C> <C>
Revenues ................................... $6,080 $8,149 $6,783
====== ====== ======
Gross profit ............................... $2,578 $3,826 $3,836
====== ====== ======
Operating expenses ......................... $2,693 $2,928 $2,906
====== ====== ======
Minority interest .......................... $ 63 $ 275 $ 424
====== ====== ======
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before
income taxes ............................. $ (168) $ 590 $ 519
Provision for income taxes ................. 78 263 145
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) from discontinued operations after
provision for income taxes ................ $ (246) $ 327 $ 374
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
The net assets of the discontinued operations excluding intercompany
balances as of April 30, 1996 and 1997 were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
April 30,
1996 1997
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets ......................... $2,899 $ --
Property and equipment ................. 460 --
Other assets ........................... 14 --
----- -----
Total assets ......................... 3,373 --
----- -----
Current liabilities .................... 1,212 --
Other noncurrent liabilities ........... 152 --
Minority interest ...................... 898 --
----- -----
Total liabilities and minority interest 2,262 --
----- -----
Net assets ........................... $1,111 $ --
===== =====
21. Subsequent Events
The pending legal claim which existed as of April 30, 1997, was settled on
June 9, 1997, on terms providing that all pending claims be dismissed and
each party bear its own costs. The Company had an outstanding account
receivable from the claimant which was written off in 1996.
</TABLE>
22. Quarterly Information (Unaudited)
Summarized quarterly consolidated financial information for 1996 and
1997 is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended
July 31, Oct. 31, Jan. 31, April 30, July 31, Oct. 31, Jan. 31, April 30,
1995 1995 1996 1996 1996 1996 1997 1997
(in thousands, except per share data)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
<C>
Total revenues $4,725 $7,812 $12,803 $14,669 $9,217 $13,504 $15,611 $21,280
Gross profit 939 3,383 7,538 7,672 3,943 6,706 9,381 14,170
Income (loss)
from continuing
operations (2,279) (347) 2,311 1,738 (1,064) 184 2,201 4,107
Income (loss)
from discontinued
operations (78) 134 189 82 2 263 109 --
Net income
(loss) (2,357) (213) 2,500 1,820 (1,062) 549 3,308 4,107
Earnings per
share (0.09) (0.01) 0.10 0.07 (0.04) 0.02 0.12 0.14
Weighted average
number of
shares 25,223 25,223 25,223 25,223 24,502 25,568 28,443 28,338
</TABLE>
PAGE
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP.
July 28 1997 By: /S/ STIG G. DURLOW
----------------------------------
Stig G. Durlow, Chairman, President,
and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of
the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
July 28, 1997 /S/ STIG G. DURLOW
-----------------------------
Stig G. Durlow, Principal
Executive Officer, Director
July 28, 1997 /S/ LARS-GORAN PETERSON
------------------------------
Lars-Goran Peterson, Principal
Financial and Accounting
Officer
July 28, 1997 /S/ JEFFREY A. HARRIS
------------------------------
Jeffrey A. Harris, Director
July 28, 1997 /S/ WILLIAM H. JANEWAY
------------------------------
William H. Janeway, Director
July 28, 1997 /S/ MARTIN LEIMDORFER
------------------------------
Martin Leimdorfer, Director
July 28, 1997 /S/ GEOFFREY W. SQUIRE
------------------------------
Geoffrey W. Squire, Director
Industri-Matematik International Corp.
One Commerce Center
12th and Orange Streets
Wilmington, Delaware 19801
April 3, 1997
Mr. Stig Durlow
151 Shore Road
Greenwich, Connecticut 06830
Dear Stig:
On May 1, 1995, you became the Chairman and President (Chief Executive
Officer) of Industri-Matematik International Corp. ("IMIC"). On August 22,
1995, you entered into a written employment agreement with Industri-Matematik
AB ("IMAB"), IMIC's then principal operating subsidiary, pursuant to which you
became, inter alia, IMAB's managing director and group manager. In your
capacity as Chief Executive Officer of IMIC and in accordance with the August
20, 1995, Employment Agreement, subject to the authority of the IMIC Board of
Directors ("Board"), you have been responsible for the operation and
direction of IMIC and all of its worldwide direct and indirect subsidiaries
including IMAB. In order to reflect more accurately your position, you and
IMIC have agreed that the August 22, 1995, Employment Agreement should be
amended and restated effective as of May 1, 1996, as an agreement between you
and IMIC with respect to your continued employment. Accordingly, you and IMIC
have agreed that:
l. Position, Duties, and Period of Employment.
1.l. Position.
IMIC hereby continues to employ you, and you agree to
accept continued employment, as its Chairman and President (Chief Executive
Officer) with responsibility for IMIC and all of its direct and indirect
subsidiaries (IMIC and such subsidiaries collectively, "IMIC Group").
1.2. Duties.
During the term of your employment under this
Employment Agreement, except for 30 vacation days per year, national and
religious holidays , and personal days as each is authorized by and consistent
with the practices of IMIC, and absences due to psychological, emotional, or
physical reasons, you shall devote your full business time, skill, and energy
to the business and affairs of the IMIC Group, and you shall use your best
efforts to promote the best interests of the IMIC Group.
1.3. Place of Employment.
You shall perform your duties under this Employment
Agreement primarily at the offices of the IMIC Group in Sweden and in the
United States, provided that (a) you shall be obligated to travel
within these countries and elsewhere to further the business of the IMIC Group
and (b) for a period to be mutually agreed by you and IMIC, commencing in
January 1997, you will be based and reside in the United States.
1.4. Period of Employment.
Your employment under this Employment Agreement shall
continue until terminated in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.
2. Base Compensation, Incentive Compensation, Executive Employee
Benefits, and Expenses.
2.1. Base Compensation.
For each period from May 1 through April 30 ("Fiscal
Year") during the term of this Employment Agreement commencing as at May 1,
1996, IMIC shall pay you compensation ("Base Compensation") determined from
time to time by the Board which may not be less than $225,000 per Fiscal Year.
2.2. Incentive Compensation.
For each full Fiscal Year during the term of this
Employment Agreement, IMIC shall pay you compensation determined by the Board
which may not be less than amounts calculated in accordance with this Section
2.2 based upon IMIC achieving in each Fiscal Year mutually agreed minimum net
revenues ("Revenue Component") and mutually agreed minimum net income after
taxes ("Income Component") (the compensation so computed, "Incentive
Compensation"). The Incentive Compensation for each Fiscal Year shall be the
sum of (a) a Revenue Component of $56,250 plus or minus .7934128% of the
amount by which IMIC's net revenues from continuing operations exceed, or fall
short of, the mutually agreed minimum net revenues for such Fiscal Year and
(b) an Income Component of $56,250 plus or minus 3.8226299% of the amount by
which IMIC's net income after taxes from continuing operations exceeds, or
falls short of, the mutually agreed minimum net revenues for such Fiscal Year,
provided that neither the Revenue Component nor the Income Component may be
increased above $112,500 nor reduced below $0. The Incentive Compensation
calculated in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.2 shall be paid
to you within 10 days after IMIC's independent certified public accountants
issue the IMIC financial statements for the applicable Fiscal Year. For the
Fiscal Year ending April 30, 1997, the agreed minimum net revenues from con-
tinuing operations are $56,717,000 and the agreed minimum net income after
taxes from continuing operations is $5,886,000. In each Fiscal Year after
Fiscal Year 1997, the minimum net revenues and minimum net income after taxes
shall be agreed mutually by you and IMIC.
2.3. Executive Employee Benefits.
During the Employment Term, IMIC shall provide you with
executive employee benefits determined from time to time by the Board
including a pension benefit, which executive employee benefits shall be at
least as favorable as those provided to other senior executives of IMIC.
2.4. Expenses.
2.4.a. IMIC shall provide you with and pay all costs
for an agreed upon automobile at the place in which you reside as well as
paying or reimbursing you for all other transportation expenses you incur in
connection with the performance of your duties under this Employment
Agreement. IMIC shall pay or reimburse you for all other expenses you incur
in connection with the performance of your duties under this Employment
Agreement.
2.4.b. In connection with your residence in the United
States referred to in Section 1.3, IMIC will pay or reimburse you for all
costs relating to your occupancy of a house comparable to your home in Sweden
including, but not limited to, rent, utilities, insurance, maintenance,
repairs, and taxes and brokerage costs. In addition, IMIC shall pay or
reimburse you for all expenses of round-trip travel from Sweden for you and
your wife to look for a house and the cost of transporting you, your family,
and your personal belongings to the United States and back to Sweden upon your
relocation or termination of employment, irrespective of the reason therefor .
Further, IMIC will pay or reimburse you for one round-trip visit to Sweden in
each Fiscal Year for you and your family. To the extent any of the payments
or reimbursements referred in this Section 2.4.b are subject to United States
income tax, IMIC shall pay to you an additional amount as a tax equalization
payment so that based on applicable tax rates you will net after taxes the
amounts necessary to pay the occupancy costs and other expenses referred to in
this Section 2.4.b and you will not incur any out-of-pocket payment.
3. Termination of Employment.
3.1. Termination by IMIC Other Than for Cause.
3.1.a. Prior to a change of Control Event (as defined
in Section 3.1.c), IMIC may terminate your employment under this Employment
Agreement without Cause (as defined in Section 3.4.b) upon two years' notice
to you. During the period from the date such notice is deemed given to the
date of termination, IMIC shall continue to pay to you compensation at a rate
equal to the average of the sum of your Base Compensation and Incentive
Compensation for the two Fiscal Years ended prior to the date the notice of
termination is deemed given (provided that if such notice is given by IMIC in
the Fiscal Year ending April 30, 1998, the amount shall be at a rate equal to
your Base Compensation and Incentive Compensation for the Fiscal Year ending
April 30, 1997) and continue to pay or provide you with your executive
employee benefits and expenses, provided that if IMIC releases you from any
further obligation to render services pursuant to this Employment Agreement,
during the 12 month period prior to the specified date of termination, the
compensation, executive employee benefits, and expenses payable by IMIC to you
or for you pursuant to this Section 3.1 shall be reduced by the compensation,
benefits and expenses payable to you or for you by another employer or by the
equivalent value of services you render for your own activity. In the event
IMIC sends you a notice of termination, IMIC can remove you from your position
as a corporate officer. The payment of compensation and executive employee
benefits shall continue irrespective of your death or your incurring a
Disability or becoming Disabled (as those terms are defined in Section 3.6.d)
as applicable.
3.1.b. Subsequent to a change of Control Event (as
defined in Section 3.1.c), IMIC may terminate your employment under this
Employment Agreement without Cause (as defined in Section 3.4.b) upon two
years' notice to you. During the period from the date such notice is deemed
given to the date of termination, IMIC shall continue to pay to you compensa-
tion at a rate equal the sum of (i) to the greater of your then Base
Compensation at the dated that notice of termination is deemed given or at the
date the Change of Control Event occurred and (ii) the greater of the maximum
Incentive Compensation you could earn in the Fiscal Year in which the notice
of termination is deemed given or you could earn in the Fiscal Year in which
the Change of Control Event occurred and continue to pay or provide you with
your executive employee benefits and expenses. IMIC shall designate in such
notice of termination either that it wishes you to continue to render services
or that it releases you from any further obligation to render services pur-
suant to this Employment Agreement. If IMIC wishes you to continue to render
services, you must notify IMIC within 10 days of the date such notice is
deemed given as to whether you will do so or that you will cease rendering
services on a date you determine which is not more than 30 days after the date
of your notice. In the event IMIC sends you a notice of termination, IMIC can
remove you from your position as a corporate officer. The payment of
compensation and executive employee benefits shall continue irrespective of
your death or your incurring a Disability or becoming Disabled (as those terms
are defined in Section 3.6.d) as applicable.
3.1.c. For purposes of this Employment Agreement:
3.1.c.1. Change of Control Event shall mean any one of
the following: (a) Continuing Directors no longer constitute at least a
majority of the IMIC Board of Directors, (b) on and after the date of this
Employment Agreement any person or group of persons (as defined in Rule 13d-5
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), together with its affiliates,
become the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of at least 40% of IMIC's
then outstanding Common Stock, (c) the approval by IMIC's shareholders of the
merger or consolidation of IMIC with any other corporation, the sale of
substantially all of the assets of IMIC, or the liquidation or dissolution of
IMIC, unless, in the case of a merger or consolidation, the incumbent
Continuing Directors in office immediately prior to such merger or
consolidation will constitute at least a majority of the directors of the
surviving corporation of such merger or consolidation and any parent (as such
term is defined In Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of
such corporation, and such surviving corporation (and such parent, if any)
shall have at least five directors, or (d) at least a majority of the
incumbent Continuing Directors in office immediately prior to any other action
proposed to be taken by IMIC's shareholders or by IMIC's Board of Directors
determines that such proposed action, if taken, would constitute a Change of
Control of IMIC and such proposed action is taken thereafter.
3.1.c.2. Continuing Director shall mean any individual
who is a member of IMIC's Board of Directors on April 30, 1997, or who
thereafter is designated (before such person's initial election as a director)
as a Continuing Director by a majority of the then Continuing Directors.
3.2. Voluntary Termination by You.
3.2.a. You may terminate the term of this Employment
Agreement upon one year's notice to IMIC.
3.2.b.1. If you give notice of termination prior to
a Change of Control Event, during the period from the date of notice is deemed
given to the date of termination, IMIC shall pay to you compensation at a rate
equal to the average of the sum of the Base Compensation and Incentive
Compensation paid to you with respect to the two Fiscal Years ended prior to
date the notice of termination is deemed given (provided that if you give such
notice in the Fiscal Year ending April 30, 1998, the amount shall be at a rate
equal to your Base Compensation and Incentive Compensation for the Fiscal Year
ending April 30, 1997) and continue to pay you your executive employee
benefits and expenses, provided that if IMIC releases you from any further
obligation to render services pursuant to this Employee Agreement, the
compensation, executive employee benefits and expenses payable by IMIC to you
or for you pursuant to this Section 3.2 shall be reduced by the compensation,
benefits and expenses payable to you or for you by another employer or by the
equivalent value of services you render for your own activity. In the event
that you send such notice, IMIC can remove you from your position as a
corporate officer. The payment of compensation and executive employee
benefits shall continue irrespective of your death or your incurring a
Disability or becoming Disabled (as those terms are defined in Section 3.6.d)
as applicable.
3.2.b.2. If you give notice of termination
subsequent to a Change of Control Event, during the period from the date of
notice is deemed given to the date of termination, IMIC shall pay to you com-
pensation at a rate equal to (a) the greater of your Base Compensation at the
date your notice of termination is deemed given or on the date of the Change
of Control Event occurred plus (b) the greater of the maximum Incentive
Compensation you could earn in the Fiscal Year in which the notice of
termination is deemed given or you could earn in the Fiscal Year in which the
Change of Control Event occurred, and continue to pay you your executive
employee benefits and expenses. In the event that you send such notice, IMIC
can remove you from your position as a corporate officer. The payment of
compensation and executive employee benefits shall continue irrespective of
your death or your incurring a Disability or becoming Disabled (as those terms
are defined in Section 3.6.d) as applicable.
3.3. Retirement.
The term of this Employment Agreement shall terminate
automatically on the last day of the month during which you reach your agreed
retirement age which is presently 63 and which will become 62 years on
February 13, 1998, 61 years on February 13, 1999, and 60 years on February 13,
2000.
3.4. Termination by IMIC for Cause.
3.4.a. IMIC shall have the right to terminate your
employment under this Employment Agreement at any time upon a determination by
IMIC to dismiss you for Cause. Upon such termination for Cause, IMIC's sole
obligation shall be to pay you any amounts due under Sections 2 and 3 which
are earned but unpaid as of the date of the termination.
3.4.b. For purposes of this Employment Agreement, Cause
means willful and gross misconduct on your part that is materially and
demonstrably detrimental to IMIC or the commission by you of one or more acts
which constitute an indictable crime under the laws of any jurisdiction, as
determined in good faith by a written resolution duly adopted by the affirma-
tive vote of a majority of all of the directors then serving on the Board at a
meeting duly called and held for that purpose after reasonable notice to you
and opportunity for you and your counsel to be heard.
3.5. Death.
Upon your death during your employment under this
Employment Agreement, this Employment Agreement shall terminate and all
obligations of IMIC under this Employment Agreement shall terminate
simultaneously therewith, except that IMIC shall pay to your designated
beneficiaries, or if no beneficiaries are designated, then to your Estate, any
amounts under Sections 2 and 3 which are earned but unpaid as of the date of
your death.
3.6. Disability.
3.6.a. In the event you incur a Disability as defined
in Section 3.6.d during the term of this Employment Agreement, IMIC shall
continue to pay you during the period of such Disability and, if you become
Disabled, for a period of 12 months from the date that you become Disabled
irrespective of your death after you become Disabled your Base Compensation
and Incentive Compensation as last determined by the Board reduced by the
gross amount payable as a result of such Disability under any disability or
salary continuation policy or plan the cost of which is paid by the IMIC
Group.
3.6.b. During the period set forth in Section 3.6.a
until your death, IMIC shall continue your executive employee benefits and
expenses set forth in Sections 2.3 and 2.4 as in effect at the first day that
you incurred the Disability.
3.6.c. If you become Disabled, (i) IMIC can remove you
from any positions you hold and (ii) unless notice of termination was given
prior to the date you incurred Disability, the provisions of Sections 3.1 and
3.2 shall no longer apply, provided that neither IMIC nor you shall be
relieved of any other obligations under this Employment Agreement.
3.6.d. For purposes of this Employment Agreement,
Disability shall mean that you are unable to substantially carry out your
obligations under this Employment Agreement because of psychological,
emotional, or physical reasons and Disabled shall mean that your Disability
has continued for a period of 90 consecutive days or for an aggregate of 120
days during any period of 360 consecutive days.
3.7. Automobile.
Within 30 days following the last day that you render
services as an employee to IMIC under this Employment Agreement or the
date on which you became Disabled, you or your Estate shall have the right to
elect to purchase from IMIC the automobile then supplied to you by IMIC, if
any, at the value therefor on IMIC's books at such time. Payment shall be
made in cash on the 30th day after such election.
4. Trade Secrets, Non-Competition, Non-Interference, and Non-
Disparagement.
4.1. Trade Secrets.
You acknowledge that: (a) your employment by IMIC
throughout the term of this Employment Agreement and prior thereto will bring
and has brought you into close contact with many confidential affairs of the
IMIC Group, (b) the business of the IMIC Group is conducted throughout Sweden,
the United States, and elsewhere and competes with similar businesses of other
organizations, (c) the IMIC Group carries on substantial promotional,
marketing, and/or sales activities throughout Sweden, the United States, and
elsewhere, and (d) the covenants contained in Sections 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 of
this Employment Agreement are specific inducements by you to IMIC in
connection with the execution of this Employment Agreement.
4.2. Non-Competition.
In recognition of the provisions of Section 4.1 and as
consideration for your continued employment by IMIC, the payment by IMIC to
you of compensation, and IMIC providing you with benefits, you agree that:
4.2.a. While you are performing services for the
IMIC Group pursuant to this Employment Agreement, and at all times thereafter,
you shall not disclose, communicate, or divulge to any person (other than to
officers, directors, or employees of the IMIC Group whose duties require such
knowledge) or use for your personal benefit or for the benefit of anyone other
than the IMIC Group any trade secrets, specifications, sales plans, programs,
research, or other confidential information employed in or proposed to be
employed in the business of the IMIC Group and its subsidiaries which comes to
or came to your knowledge in the course of or by reason of your employment by
IMIC or your performance under this Employment Agreement.
4.2.b.i. While you are performing services for the
IMIC Group pursuant to this Employment Agreement, and, in the event that your
employment pursuant to this Employment Agreement terminates pursuant to
Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, or 3.4, during the period that you receive
compensation from IMIC pursuant to any of those Sections and thereafter for so
long as IMIC continues to pay you in accordance with its payroll practices,
but for not more than the 12 month period beginning on the date of
termination, compensation at a rate determined in accordance with Section
4.2.b.ii, you shall not directly or indirectly enter into or in any manner
take part as an employee, agent, independent contractor, consultant, owner,
sole proprietor, partner, joint venturer, member, officer, director, or
shareholder or take part in any other capacity in, for, or with any person,
firm, corporation, association, or business enterprise, or in any manner
render any assistance to any business or endeavor, whose business activities
are the same, similar to, or competitive with any part of the business which
is conducted by the IMIC Group during the course of your employment by IMIC
prior to and pursuant to this Employment Agreement in Sweden, the United
States, or in any territory, possession, or foreign country, provided that the
provisions of this Section 4.2.b shall not preclude you from ownership, as an
investor, of less than 5% of the stock of a publicly owned company which
engages in such business activities.
4.2.b.ii. The rate of compensation referred to in
Section 4.2.b.i until a Change of Control Event shall be equal to the average
of the sum of your Base Compensation and Incentive Compensation for the two
Fiscal Years ended prior to the last day you rendered services to IMIC,
provided that if you last rendered services in the Fiscal Year ending April
30, 1998, the amount shall be at a rate equal to your Base Compensation and
Incentive Compensation for the Fiscal Year ending April 30, 1997, and after a
Change of Control Event shall be equal to (a) the greater of your Base
Compensation at the date a notice of termination is deemed given or the date
the Change of Control Event occurred plus (b) the greater of the maximum
Incentive Compensation you could earn in the Fiscal Year in which the notice
of termination is deemed given or that you could earn in the Fiscal Year in
which the Change of Control Event occurred.
4.2.b.iii. In the event IMIC determines to pay you
for the 12-month period referred to in Section 4.2.b.i, it shall do so for
minimum period of 3 months, and it shall give you notice not later than 15
days prior to the beginning of the initial and each 3-month period thereafter
that it is invoking the provisions of Section 4.2.b.i and that it will
compensate you accordingly.
4.3. Non-Interference.
Upon the termination of your services for IMIC under
this Employment Agreement, until the one year anniversary date of such
termination, neither you nor any person, firm, corporation, association, or
business enterprise with which you are affiliated as an employee, agent,
independent contractor, consultant, partner, joint venturer, member, officer,
director, or shareholder shall directly or indirectly induce or attempt to
induce any employee of the IMIC Group to terminate or alter his or her
employment relationship with the IMIC Group, or directly or indirectly hire
any person who is or had been employed by the IMIC Group.
4.4. Non-Disparagement.
During the term of your employment pursuant to this
Employment Agreement and thereafter, (a) you shall not directly or indirectly
disparage the name, reputation, products, or services of any member of the
IMIC Group and (b) IMIC shall not, directly or indirectly, disparage your name
or reputation.
4.5. Additional Provisions.
4.5.a. In the event that the provisions of
Sections 4.2, 4.3, or 4.4 should be deemed unenforceable, invalid, or
overbroad in whole or in part for any reason, any court of competent
jurisdiction is, or the Arbitrators appointed in accordance with the
provisions of Section 5 are, hereby authorized, requested, and instructed to
reform such sections consistent with the intent of Sections 4.2, 4.3, or 4.4
to provide for the maximum restraints upon (i) your activities (including, but
not limited to, time, geographic area, employee solicitation, and dis-
paragement) and (ii) with respect to Section 4.4, IMIC's activities, which may
then be legal and valid.
4.5.b. You and IMIC agree that violation by you
of the provisions of Sections 4.2, 4.3, or 4.4 or by IMIC of the provisions of
Section 4.4 will cause irreparable injury to the other for which any remedy at
law would be inadequate, and that the injured party shall be entitled in any
court of law or equity or in any arbitration proceeding in accordance with
Section 5, whichever forum is designated by the injured party, to temporary,
preliminary, permanent, and other injunctive relief against any breach of the
provisions contained in such sections, and such punitive and compensatory
damages as shall be awarded. Further, in the event of a violation of the
provisions of Sections 4.2, 4.3, or 4.4, (i) the period of non-competition,
employee non-interference, or non-disparagement referred to therein shall be
extended for a period of time equal to that period beginning on the date when
such violation commenced and ending when the activities constituting that
violation shall be finally terminated and (ii) IMIC shall have the right to
suspend your compensation and benefits and payments made pursuant to Section
4.2.b until the activities constituting that violation shall be finally ter-
minated.
5. Arbitration and Jurisdiction.
5.1. Arbitration.
Except as otherwise alternatively provided in Section
4.5 relating to the reformation of the non-competition, employee
non-interference, and non-disparagement provisions and obtaining injunctive
relief, any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Employment
Agreement, or the breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration by one
Arbitrator in New York, New York, in accordance with the Rules of the American
Arbitration Association, and judgment upon the award rendered by the
Arbitrator may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.
5.2. Consent to Jurisdiction.
Each of you and IMIC hereby consents to the
jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York for the County of
New York and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New
York for all purposes in connection with (a) the arbitration referred to in
Section 5.1 and (b) this Employment Agreement, and further consents that any
process or notice of motion in connection therewith may be served by certified
or registered mail or by personal service in accordance with the provisions of
Section 6, within or without the State of New York, provided a reasonable time
for appearance is allowed.
6. Notice.
All notices provided for in this Employment Agreement shall
be in writing and shall be given by registered or certified mail, return
receipt requested, and by regular mail, both with postage prepaid, or
personally delivered, to the addresses set forth below, and shall be deemed
given when sent.
The addresses referred to above are:
Your address: 151 Shore Road
Greenwich, Connecticut 06830.
IMIC: c/o Industri-Matematik AB
Kungsgatan 12-14
S-111 43 Stockholm, Sweden
Attn: Lars-Goran Peterson,
Vice President
With a copy to: Tannenbaum Dubin & Robinson, LLP
1140 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
Attn: Marvin S. Robinson, Esq.
Either you or IMIC at any time may give notice of another
address in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.
7. Governing Law, Amendment, and Binding Effect, etc.
This Employment Agreement (a) shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York as if it were
an agreement made and to be performed entirely within such State, (b) may not
be modified or amended except by a writing signed by each of IMIC or its suc-
cessors and you, (c) may not be assigned by IMIC or by you, (d) shall be
binding upon each of IMIC and its successors and you and your distributees,
personal representatives, executors, and administrators, and (e) contains the
entire agreement and understanding between IMIC and you with respect to the
subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, arrangements, and
understandings, written or oral, between IMIC and you with respect to the
subject matter of this Employment Agreement.
8. Withholding; Mitigation of Damages.
8.1. IMIC, to the extent permitted by law, shall have the
right to deduct from any payment or benefit of any kind otherwise due to you
under this Employment Agreement any taxes of any kind required to be withheld.
8.2. Except as provided in Sections 3.1, 3.2, and 3.6.a,
all payments and benefits to which you are entitled under this Employment
Agreement shall be made and provided without offset, deduction, or mitigation
on account of income you may receive from other employment or otherwise.
If the foregoing correctly sets forth our agreement, please execute and
return the enclosed copy of this letter.
Sincerely,
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP.
By: /S/ LARS-GORAN PETERSON
------------------------------------
Lars-Goran Peterson, Vice President
ACCEPTED AND AGREED:
/S/ STIG DURLOW
- -----------------------
Stig Durlow
COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS PER SHARE
(in thousands except per share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Pro forma Pro forma
Year ended April 30, April 30, 1996 April 30, 1997
<S> <C> <C>
Income from continuing operations ........ $ 1,423 $ 5,428
Income from discontinued operations ...... 327 374
Gain on sale of discontinued operations
(net of income tax of $372) ........... -- 1,100
------- -------
Net Income ............................ $ 1,750 $ 6,902
======= =======
Primary:
Average shares outstanding ............... 9,864 21,184
Net effect of dilutive stock options
based on the treasury method .......... 729 783
Net effect of dilutive convertible
preferred stock based on the "as
converted" method* .................... 14,630 6,096
------- ------
Total ................................. 25,223 28,063
======= ======
Per share amounts:
Income from continuing operations ........ $ 0.06 $ 0.19
Income from discontinued operations ...... 0.01 0.01
Gain on sale of discontinued operations .. -- 0.04
------- -------
Net Income ............................ $ 0.07 $ 0.25
======= =======
</TABLE>
* Pro forma amounts assume conversion of convertible preferred stock to common
stock from the beginning of the reporting period until the date of the
initial public offering upon which such shares were officially converted.
Pro forma accounts also assume the effect of the three-for-one stock split,
which occurred in July, 1996, for the entire reporting period.
INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP.
LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES AT APRIL 30, 1997
AUSTRALIA
Industri - Matematik Pty Ltd
GERMANY
Industri - Matematik GmbH
THE NETHERLANDS
Industri - Matematik Nederland B.V.
SWEDEN
Ceratina International AB
Ceratina Systems AB
Industri - Matematik AB
Industri - Matematik Data Goteborg AB
Industri - Matematik Data Stockholm AB
Industri - Matematik Datasystem AB
Industri - Matematik Ekonomi AB
Industri - Matematik Intressenter AB
Industri - Matematik Projektledning AB
Industri - Matematik Samarbetspartner AB
Industri - Matematik System Goteborg AB
Industri - Matematik System Stockholm AB
UNITED KINGDOM (1)
Enterprise Management System Limited (England and Wales)
Industri - Matematik Limited (England and Wales)
UNITED STATES (1)
Industri - Matematik Corp. (Delaware)
Industri - Matematik Licensing Corp. (Delaware)
Industri - Matematik North American Operations, Inc. (Delaware)
International Technology Group, Inc. (New Jersey) dba IMI Services
Software Finance Corp. (Delaware)
Software Research Corp. (Florida)
- - ----------------------
(1) Country or state of incorporation is indicated in parentheses.
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements
of Industri-Matematik International Corp. on Form S-8 (SEC file no. 333-
19737) and Form S-8 (SEC file no. 333-25407) of our report dated July 28,
1997, on our audits of the consolidated financial statements of Industri-
Matematik International Corp. as of April 30, 1996 and 1997, and for the
years ended April 30, 1995, 1996, and 1997, which report is included in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Stockholm, Sweden, July 28, 1997
OHRLINGS COOPERS & LYBRAND AB
By: /S/ ROBERT BARNDEN
-------------------------
Robert Barnden
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS AND BALANCE SHEETS OF INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK
INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES ANNEXED HERETO AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS
ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<CIK> 0001016243
<NAME> INDUSTRI-MATEMATIK INTERNATIONAL CORP.
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> APR-30-1997
<PERIOD-START> MAY-01-1996
<PERIOD-END> APR-30-1997
<CASH> 9,023,000
<SECURITIES> 9,952,000
<RECEIVABLES> 22,668,000
<ALLOWANCES> 205,000
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 44,360,000
<PP&E> 7,061,000
<DEPRECIATION> 3,577,000
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 50,963,000
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 13,529,000
<BONDS> 0
<COMMON> 277,000
0
0
<OTHER-SE> 34,477,000
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 50,963,000
<SALES> 57,894,000
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 59,612,000
<CGS> 24,411,000
<TOTAL-COSTS> 25,412,000
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 29,331,000
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 253,000
<INCOME-PRETAX> 5,238,000
<INCOME-TAX> (190,000)
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 5,428,000
<DISCONTINUED> 1,474,000
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 6,902,000
<EPS-PRIMARY> .25
<EPS-DILUTED> .25
</TABLE>
