Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
File No. 333-65215
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus Dated October 27, 1998)
$400,000,000
(Approximate)
Block Mortgage Finance, Inc.
Depositor
Block Financial Corporation
Master Servicer
Companion Mortgage Corporation
Seller
ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATES, SERIES 1999-1
-----------------------
Consider careful the risk factors beginning on page S-11 of this prospectus
supplement and on page 15 of the prospectus.
The certificates represent interests in the trust only and will not represent
interests in or obligations of any other entity.
This prospectus supplement may be used to offer and sell the certificates only
if accompanied by the prospectus.
The Block Mortgage Finance Asset Backed
Certificates Series 1999-1 Trust will issue the
following certificates:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Initial Class Initial Class
Certificate Pass-Through Price to Underwriting Proceeds To
Class Balance (1) Rate Public Discount Depositor (3)
----- ----------- ---- ------ -------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Group 1
Class A-1 $ 82,000,000 5.94% 99.99381%(2) 0.150% 99.84381%(2)
Class A-2 $ 45,000,000 6.00% 99.98872%(2) 0.250% 99.73872%(2)
Class A-3 $ 17,000,000 6.21% 99.97351%(2) 0.350% 99.62351%(2)
Class A-4 $ 18,000,000 6.60% 99.94648%(2) 0.450% 99.49648%(2)
Class A-5 $ 18,000,000 6.19% 99.99643%(2) 0.410% 99.58643%(2)
Group 2
Class A-6 $165,000,000 (4) 100.00000%(5) 0.250% 99.75000%(5)
Class A-7 $ 55,000,000 5.83% 99.98928%(2) 0.250% 99.73928%(2)
------------ -------------- ------ --------------
Total $400,000,000 $399,969,172.70 $999,800.00 $398,969,372.70
</TABLE>
-----------------------
(1) Subject to the permitted variance described in this
prospectus supplement.
(2) Plus accrued interest from January 1, 1999.
(3) Before deducting expenses payable by the depositor.
(4) The pass-through rate of the class A-6 certificates is
adjustable based on one-month LIBOR, as described in
this prospectus supplement.
(5) Plus accrued interest, if any, from January 21, 1999.
o The trust will make monthly distributions, commencing
February 25, 1999.
o The certificates represent ownership interests in two
groups of mortgage loans.
o The trust will elect to be taxed as a real estate
mortgage investment conduit.
-----------------------
MBIA Insurance Corporation will issue two certificate guaranty insurance
policies that will guarantee receipt of interest and principal at the times and
to the extent described in this prospectus supplement.
[MBIA LOGO]
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved the certificates or determined that this prospectus
supplement or the prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the
contrary is a criminal offense.
The offering of the certificates is subject to certain conditions, which are
discussed in the "Underwriting" section of this prospectus supplement. The
depositor expects to deliver the certificates to the underwriters on or about
January 21, 1999, in book entry form through The Depository Trust Company,
Cedelbank and the Euroclear System.
SALOMON SMITH BARNEY
J. P. MORGAN & CO. MORGAN STANLEY DEAN WITTER
January 20, 1999
<PAGE>
CONTENT OF PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND PROSPECTUS
You should rely on the information contained in this prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you
with different information. You should not assume that the information in this
prospectus supplement or the prospectus is accurate as of any date other than
the date on the front of this prospectus supplement.
We provide information to you about the certificates in two separate
documents that progressively provide more detail: (a) the prospectus, which
provides general information, some of which may not apply to the certificates,
and (b) this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of the
certificates.
If the terms vary between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.
We include cross-references in this prospectus supplement and the
prospectus to captions in these materials where you can find further related
discussions. The table of contents on the next page of this document provides
the pages on which these captions are located.
You can find a listing of the pages where capitalized terms used in this
prospectus supplement are defined under the caption "Index of Definitions"
beginning on page S-99 in this prospectus supplement. Capitalized terms used but
not defined in this prospectus supplement have the definitions given to such
terms in the prospectus.
S-2
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
Page
----
Content of Prospectus Supplement and Prospectus.................S-2
Summary.........................................................S-4
Risk Factors...................................................S-11
Description of the Mortgage Pool...............................S-15
Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations....................S-34
The Depositor, the Seller and the Master Servicer..............S-47
Subservicers...................................................S-47
Formation of the Trust and the Trust Property..................S-52
Description of the Certificates................................S-53
Credit Enhancement.............................................S-69
The Pooling and Service Agreement..............................S-77
The Trustee....................................................S-89
Federal Income Tax Consequences................................S-91
Other Taxes....................................................S-94
ERISA Considerations...........................................S-94
Legal Investment Considerations................................S-95
Underwriting...................................................S-95
Use of Proceeds................................................S-97
Report of Experts..............................................S-97
Legal Matters..................................................S-97
Ratings........................................................S-97
Index of Definitions...........................................S-99
Prospectus
Available Information.............................................2
Reports to Holders................................................2
Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference...................2
Summary of Prospectus.............................................4
Risk Factors.....................................................15
Description of Primary Assets....................................22
Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations......................27
The Trusts.......................................................28
The Depositor....................................................36
The Seller.......................................................36
The Master Servicer..............................................36
Use of Proceeds..................................................36
The Primary Asset Program........................................37
Description of the Certificates..................................41
Certain Legal Aspects of the Primary Assets......................61
Legal Investment Matters.........................................70
Federal Income Tax Consequences..................................71
State and Other Tax Consequences.................................93
ERISA Considerations.............................................93
Plan of Distribution.............................................98
Ratings..........................................................98
Legal Matters....................................................99
Index of Definitions............................................100
S-3
<PAGE>
SUMMARY
The following summary highlights selected information from this prospectus
supplement. It does not contain all of the information that you need to consider
in making your investment decision. To understand the terms of the certificates,
you should read carefully this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus. This summary provides an overview of certain numeric information,
statistical percentages, calculations, cash flows and other information to aid
your understanding. This summary is qualified by the full description of such
numeric information, statistical percentages, calculations, cash flows and other
information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
Offered Certificates
The depositor has created the trust for the purpose of issuing the Block
Mortgage Finance Asset Backed Certificates, Series 1999-1. Only the certificates
listed below are being offered by
this prospectus supplement.
Initial
Certificate
Class Balance
----- -------
Group 1
Certificates
A-1 $ 82,000,000
A-2 $ 45,000,000
A-3 $ 17,000,000
A-4 $ 18,000,000
A-5 $ 18,000,000
Group 2
Certificates
A-6 $165,000,000
A-7 $ 55,000,000
The actual initial certificate balances of the certificates may vary from the
above amounts by as much as plus or minus 5%. On any date after the closing
date, the certificate balance of a specific class is its initial certificate
balance reduced by all amounts distributed to such class as principal.
Pass-Through Rates for the Certificates
Pass-through rates on the group 1 certificates and the class A-7 certificates
are fixed and are shown on the cover page, except that 0.75% will be added to
the pass-through rates on the class A-4 and class A-5 certificates after the
date on which the principal balance of the mortgage loans is less than 10% of
the principal balance of the mortgages loans on the cut-off date.
See "Optional Termination" in this summary.
The group 1 certificates and the class A-7 certificates are entitled to receive
interest on each distribution date equal to the interest accrued during the
preceding calendar month. All calculations of interest on the group 1
certificates and the class A-7 certificates will be made on the basis of a
360-day year consisting of twelve 30 day months.
The pass-through rate on the class A-6 certificates will adjust on each
distribution date, generally to one-month LIBOR plus:
o 0.49% until the principal balance of the mortgage loans is less than 10% of
the principal balance of the mortgage loans on the cut-off date, and then
o 0.98% after such date.
However, the pass-through rate for the class A-6 certificates cannot exceed an
interest rate cap which is equal to the weighted average of the interest rates
for the adjustable rate mortgage loans, less certain administrative costs.
Whenever the class A-6 pass-through rate is capped by the interest rate cap
described above, the excess of:
o the interest that would have been distributable had the class A-6
pass-through rate not been capped (but not more than the weighted average
of the maximum interest rates on the adjustable rate mortgage loans,
S-4
<PAGE>
less certain administrative costs); over
o the interest actually distributed based on the interest rate
cap, plus all similar amounts still outstanding from previous
periods,
will be treated as the "basis risk carryover amount."
If you are a holder of a class A-6 certificate, you may be entitled to recover,
to the extent available from certain sources, any basis risk carryover amount
outstanding even after the certificate balance of your class A-6 certificate has
been reduced to zero.
No interest will accrue on any basis risk carryover amount.
See "Description of the Certificates --Calculation of One-Month LIBOR" for a
discussion of how one-month LIBOR is calculated.
The class A-6 certificates are entitled to receive interest on each distribution
date equal to the interest accrued from the prior distribution date to the day
before the current distribution date. For the first distribution date, interest
will accrue from January 21, 1999. All calculations of interest on the class A-6
certificates will be made on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in
the related accrual period and a 360-day year.
Master Servicer
Block Financial Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of H&R Block, Inc.
Seller
Companion Mortgage Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the master servicer.
Depositor
Block Mortgage Finance, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned, limited
purpose subsidiary of the seller.
Trustee
The First National Bank of Chicago, a national banking association.
Certificate Insurer
MBIA Insurance Corporation. See "Credit Enhancement--The Certificate Insurer"
in this prospectus supplement.
Cut-off Date
The cut-off date is the date we use to determine whether a particular payment
received on a mortgage loan belongs to the trust or to the seller.
The cut-off date for a mortgage loan will vary depending on whether the mortgage
loan is an "actuarial loan" or a "simple interest loan".
o An actuarial loan is a mortgage loan that has a fixed split between
principal and interest for each payment. The split is fixed in an
amortization schedule at the time of origination.
o A simple interest loan is a mortgage loan in which each payment is first
applied to interest accrued since the last payment and the remainder is
applied to principal.
The cut-off date is:
o the close of business on January 1, 1999 for actuarial loans, and
o the close of business on December 31, 1998 for simple interest loans.
S-5
<PAGE>
See "Description of the Mortgage Pool" for additional information regarding how
we calculated the cut-off date principal balances of the mortgage loans.
Closing Date
On or about January 21, 1999.
Distribution Date
The 25th of each month or, if the 25th is not a business day, the next business
day, beginning on February 25, 1999.
Information About the Mortgage Loans
The certificates represent an ownership interest in the assets of the trust and
are not the obligation of any other entity.
The assets of the trust are separated into two groups, each containing mortgage
loans secured by one- to four- family residential properties.
o The fixed rate group consists of fixed rate, first or second lien mortgage
loans.
o The adjustable rate group consists of adjustable rate, first
lien mortgage loans.
The certificates are also separated into two groups. In general, the trust will
distribute collections on the fixed rate group to the group 1 certificates and
collections on the adjustable rate group to the group 2 certificates.
Unless we tell you otherwise in this prospectus supplement,
o all numeric information in this prospectus supplement is
based on the pool of mortgage loans as of the related cut-off
date, and
o all percentages are based on principal balances as of the
related cut-off date and not the number of mortgage loans.
Fixed Rate Group Data
Number of mortgage loans 3,402
Average loan balance $52,910.08
Range of mortgage rates 7.00% to 15.89%
Weighted average
combined loan-to-value 81.12%
ratio at origination
Weighted average
mortgage rate 11.29%
Weighted average
remaining term to
maturity 236 months
Range of remaining
terms to maturity 47 months to
360 months
Maximum loan balance $438,945.77
Percentage of balloon loans 40.67%
Latest scheduled
maturity date January 1, 2029
Aggregate loan balance
of first lien mortgage $158,337,843.57
lien mortgage loans
Percentage of first
lien mortgage loans 87.97%
Aggregate loan balance
of second lien
mortgage loans $21,662,247.86
Percentage of
second lien 12.03%
mortgage loans
See "Description of the Mortgage Pool --Mortgage Loans -- Fixed Rate Group" in
this prospectus supplement.
Adjustable Rate Group Data
Number of mortgage loans 2,386
Average loan balance $93,513.86
Range of mortgage rates 6.75% to 14.40%
Weighted average loan-to-
value ratio at origination 83.59%
Weighted average
mortgage rate 10.12%
Weighted average
remaining term to
maturity 345 months
Range of remaining 165 months to
terms to maturity 360 months
Maximum loan balance $665,212.18
Percentage of balloon loans 5.67%
Latest scheduled December 21, 2028
maturity date
S-6
<PAGE>
Second lien mortgage loans None
Weighted average
maximum mortgage rate 16.11%
Weighted average
minimum mortgage rates 10.09%
Range of maximum 10.35% to
mortgage rates 21.10%
Weighted average
gross margin 6.82%
Range of gross 3.00% to
margins 10.40%
Mortgage loans with mortgage
rates that will not
adjust for two
years following
origination 64.59%
Mortgage loans with
mortgage rates
that will not
adjust for three
years following
origination 18.49%
Mortgage loans with
mortgage rates
that will not
adjust for five
years following
origination 1.64%
See "Description of the Mortgage Pool--Mortgage Loans--Adjustable Rate Group" in
this prospectus supplement.
Certificates Will Be Issued in Book-Entry Form
The trust will initially issue the certificates in book-entry form. You may
elect to hold your interests in the certificates through The Depository Trust
Company in the United States, or Cedelbank or the Euroclear System in Europe, or
indirectly through participants in such systems. Generally, the trust will not
issue physical certificates.
See "Description of the Certificates -- Book-Entry Certificates" in this
prospectus supplement.
Final Scheduled Distribution Dates
Set forth below is the final scheduled distribution date for each class of
certificates assuming:
o no defaults on the mortgage loans;
o no prepayments on the mortgage loans; and
o excess interest payments on the mortgage loans are not used to pay
principal on the certificates.
Final Scheduled
Distribution
Date
---------------
Class A-1 September 2013
Class A-2 April 2020
Class A-3 May 2025
Class A-4 February 2030
Class A-5 September 2013
Class A-6 January 2030
Class A-7 April 2016
It is anticipated that the actual final distribution date for each class will be
earlier. See "Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations" in this prospectus
supplement.
Distributions of Interest
On each distribution date, the trustee will apply interest collected on each
mortgage loan group to pay interest to the holders of each class of the related
group of certificates at the applicable pass-through rate. Any remaining
interest may be used to provide credit enhancement as described under "Credit
Enhancement -- Overcollateralization" and "--Crosscollateralization" in this
prospectus supplement.
Distributions of Principal
As borrowers pay principal on the mortgage loans in each mortgage loan group,
the principal is passed on to the holders of the related group of certificates.
In general, on each distribution
S-7
<PAGE>
date, the trustee will pay principal to each group of certificates in an amount
equal to the principal collected from the related mortgage loan group.
Distributions to Group 1 Certificates. In general, the group 1 certificates are
"sequential pay" certificates. In other words, the class A-1 certificates are
paid in full before any principal payments are made on the class A-2
certificates, the class A-2 certificates are paid in full before any payments
are made on the class A-3 certificates, and so forth. However, the class A-5
certificates will be entitled to receive certain payments of principal beginning
in February 2002, even if some of the other group 1 certificates are still
outstanding.
Distributions to Group 2 Certificates. In general, the group 2 certificates are
also "sequential pay" certificates. In other words, the class A-6 certificates
are paid in full before any principal payments are made on the class A-7
certificates. However, the class A-7 certificates will be entitled to receive
certain payments of principal beginning in September 2000, even if the class A-6
certificates are still outstanding.
Effect of Overcollateralization and Crosscollateralization on Principal
Distributions. The overcollateralization and crosscollateralization provisions
of the trust may result in group 1 or group 2 certificateholders receiving
principal distributions on any given distribution date that are more or less
than the actual principal collected on the related mortgage loan group. See
"Credit Enhancement" in this prospectus supplement.
Credit Enhancement
Credit enhancement reduces the harm caused to certificateholders from shortfalls
in payments received from, and losses incurred on, the underlying pool of
mortgage loans. The credit enhancement provided for the benefit of the
certificateholders consists of:
o Certificate Insurance Policies. MBIA Insurance Corporation will issue two
certificate insurance policies. One policy is for the group 1 certificates
and the other policy for the group 2 certificates. These policies will, in
general, guarantee the payment of principal and interest to the
certificateholders at the times and in the amounts described in this
prospectus supplement.
The certificate insurance policies will not cover the payment of:
o any basis risk carryover amount, and
o certain prepayment interest shortfalls.
In the absence of payments under the certificate insurance policies,
certificateholders will directly bear the credit risk and other risks
associated with the mortgage loans.
o Overcollateralization. Generally, because more interest is
paid by the borrowers than is necessary to pay the interest
earned on the certificates, there will be excess interest each
month. The trust generally will use the excess interest from
each loan group to pay principal on the related group of
certificates. As a result of using excess interest on the
mortgage loans to pay principal on the certificates, the
principal balance of the certificates may be less than the
principal balance of the mortgage loans. This difference is
called "overcollateralization".
These payments will continue until the amount of overcollateralization
required by the certificate insurer has been reached. Once the required
level of overcollateralization is reached within a certificate group, the
trust will only distribute to the certificateholders of such group the
amount of principal that is needed to maintain the required level of
overcollateralization.
o Crosscollateralization. Excess interest amounts collected
from one loan group may, under certain circumstances, be used
to fund shortfalls in available funds and the
S-8
<PAGE>
required overcollateralization level in the other loan group.
See "Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations," "Credit Enhancement" in this
prospectus supplement and "Description of the Certificates--Description of
Credit Enhancement" in the prospectus for more information regarding the credit
enhancement provisions of the trust.
Servicing of the Mortgage Loans
The master servicer will service, manage and make collections on the mortgage
loans. The master servicer may use subservicers to help service the mortgage
loans. Initially, the master servicer may use the following subservicers:
o Companion Servicing Company, L.L.C., and
o Fairbanks Capital Corp.
The trust will pay the master servicer a monthly servicing fee as compensation
for acting as master servicer. The master servicer will pay any subservicer
fees. See "The Pooling and Servicing Agreement--Servicing and Subservicing" in
this prospectus supplement.
Advances for Delinquent Interest Payments
For any month, if the master servicer receives a payment on a mortgage loan that
is less than its full scheduled payment or if no payment is received, the master
servicer will advance its own funds to cover the shortfall in interest if it
reasonably believes the advance can be repaid from future collections on the
mortgage loan. The master servicer will not make advances for past due principal
on a mortgage loan.
Compensating Interest Payments
Prepayments in Full. When borrowers make prepayments in full, they need not pay
a full month's interest. Instead, they are required to pay interest only to the
date of their prepayment. To compensate certificateholders for the shortfall in
interest that this causes, the master servicer may pay compensating interest to
the certificateholders. The compensating interest will not exceed one-half of
that month's master servicing fee for the prepaid mortgage loan. See "The
Pooling and Servicing Agreement--Servicing and Subservicing" in this prospectus
supplement.
Partial Prepayments. When borrowers make partial prepayments, they do not pay
interest on the amount of that prepayment. Certificateholders will receive no
compensating interest to compensate them for the shortfall in interest this
causes.
Ratings
The certificates are required to be rated "AAA" by Standard and Poor's Ratings
Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., and "Aaa" by Moody's
Investors Service, Inc.
In general, the ratings on the certificates address credit risk and do not
represent any assessment of the likelihood or rate of principal prepayments. In
addition, the ratings do not address the likelihood of payment of any basis risk
carryover amount. See "Risk Factors--Limited Liquidity" in the prospectus and
"Ratings" in this prospectus supplement and in the prospectus.
Optional Termination
The holder of the residual interest in the trust has the right to purchase all
of the mortgage loans and other assets of the trust on any distribution date on
which the aggregate loan balance of the mortgage loans in the trust has declined
to less than 10% of the aggregate loan balances of the mortgage loans as of the
cut-off date.
The master servicer will also have the right to purchase all of the mortgage
loans and other assets of the trust on any distribution date on which the
aggregate loan balance of the mortgage loans in the trust has declined to less
than 5% of the aggregate loan balances of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off
date.
S-9
<PAGE>
Any such repurchase will result in the early retirement of your certificates.
See "The Pooling and Servicing Agreement--Termination; Retirement of the
Certificates" in this prospectus supplement.
Termination Auction
The trustee will solicit bids for the mortgage loans remaining in the trust
within 90 days following the distribution date on which the aggregate loan
balance of the mortgage loans in the trust has declined to less than 10% of the
aggregate loan balances of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date. Any
successful termination auction will result in the early retirement of your
certificates. See "The Pooling and Servicing Agreement--Termination Auction" in
this prospectus supplement and "The Trusts--Mandatory Disposition of Primary
Assets" in the prospectus.
Federal Income Tax Consequences
For federal income tax purposes, an election will be made to treat the trust as
a "real estate mortgage investment conduit" or "REMIC". The certificates will
constitute "regular interests" in the REMIC.
Subject to the qualifications in the "Federal Income Tax Consequences" section
of this prospectus supplement, Brown & Wood LLP, special tax counsel to the
depositor and counsel to the underwriters, is of the opinion that, for federal
income tax purposes, the trust will qualify as a REMIC under Sections 860A
through 860G of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
For further information regarding the federal income tax consequences of
investing in the certificates, see "Federal Income Tax Consequences" in this
prospectus supplement and in the prospectus.
The Certificates Are ERISA Eligible
Subject to the important considerations described under "ERISA Considerations"
in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus, pension, profit sharing and
other employee benefit plans and retirement arrangements may purchase the
certificates.
The Certificates Are Not SMMEA Eligible
The certificates will not constitute "mortgage related securities" under the
Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984. You should consult with your
legal advisers in determining whether and to what extent the certificates
constitute legal investments for you.
Use of Proceeds
The depositor will apply the net proceeds of the sale of the certificates to
purchase the mortgage loans from the seller.
S-10
<PAGE>
RISK FACTORS
You should consider, among other things, the following risk factors (as
well as the factors discussed under "Risk Factors" in the prospectus) in
connection with the purchase of the certificates:
Unpredictable Borrowers may prepay their mortgage loans in whole or
prepayments in part at any time. We cannot predict the rate at
may effect your which borrowers will repay their mortgage loans. A
yield prepayment of a mortgage loan will generally result
in a corresponding payment on the certificates.
o If you purchase your certificates at a discount and
principal is repaid slower than you expect, then your
yield may be lower than you expect.
o If you purchase your certificates at a premium and
principal is repaid faster than you expect, then your
yield may be lower than you expect.
o If the certificates are prepaid, you have no assurance
that similar investments offering similar yields will
be available.
See "Prepayment and Yield Considerations" in this prospectus
supplement and the prospectus for additional information.
Interest The class A-6 pass-through rate is not calculated on
rates for the same basis as the interest rates on the
the adjustable adjustable rate mortgages. The class A-6 pass-through
rate mortgages` adjusts monthly based upon one-month LIBOR. The
may limit pass- interest rates of most of the adjustable rate
through rate for mortgages adjust less frequently and may use a
class A-6 different index. For instance, 64.59% of the
adjustable rate mortgage loans will not adjust for
two years following origination, 18.49% will not
adjust for three years following origination and
1.64% will not adjust for five years following origination.
As a result, the available interest from the adjustable rate
mortgage loans could be less than the interest otherwise due
on the class A-6 certificates. In this case, the class A-6
pass-through rate will be limited by the interest rate cap
described under "Description of the Certificates --
Certificate Classes and Pass-Through Rates" in this
prospectus supplement. If the class A-6 pass-through rate is
calculated using the interest rate cap:
o the yield to maturity on the class A-6
certificates will be adversely affected, and
o the related certificate insurance policy will
not cover this shortfall in interest.
The class A-6 pass-through rate could be limited by the
interest rate cap, because, among other things:
o in a rising interest rate environment, the class A-6
pass-through rate may rise before the interest rates
for the adjustable rate mortgage loans, and
o the index used to calculate the class A-6
pass-through rate (one-month LIBOR) may respond to
different economic and market factors than the
indices used to calculate the interest rates for
the adjustable rate mortgage loans. One-month
LIBOR could rise while the other indices are
stable or are falling. Even if they move in the
same direction, one-month LIBOR may rise more
rapidly than the
S-11
<PAGE>
other indices in a rising interest rate environment or
fall less rapidly in a declining interest rate
environment.
Uncertainties Originators and servicers of mortgage loans must comply
whether with numerous, complex state and federal consumer
particular protection laws. It is not always certain whether these
consumer laws apply to particular circumstances. In some cases,
protection laws courts and regulatory authorities have shown a
apply to the willingness to adopt novel interpretations of to the
mortgage loans these laws. Depending on the provisions of the
applicable laws and the specific facts and
circumstances involved, violations of these laws:
o may limit the ability of the trust to collect amounts
due on a mortgage loan;
o may entitle the borrower to a refund of amounts
previously paid; and
o could subject the trust to significant damages and
administrative sanctions.
The payment of damages by the trust could possibly result in
a loss to certificateholders.
See "Risk Factors--Legal Considerations" and "Certain Legal
Aspects of the Primary Assets" in the prospectus.
Year 2000 Many existing computer programs use only two digits
issue to identify a year in the date field. These programs
were designed and developed without considering the impact
of the upcoming change in the century. If not corrected,
many computer applications could fail or create erroneous
results on or after January 1, 2000. In connection with this
issue H&R Block, Inc., the parent holding company of the
Master Servicer, has completed the evaluation of the
systems, applications and vendor lists of its subsidiaries,
and is implementing project plans to modify existing
computer programs, convert to new programs or replace
systems, to the extent necessary to address the upcoming
change in the century. H&R Block and its subsidiaries have
identified their significant business relationships,
including, without limitation, vendors, customers, asset
management counterparties and funding counterparties. H&R
Block and its subsidiaries have initiated communications
with these third parties to determine the extent to which
H&R Block is vulnerable to such third parties' failure to
remedy their own year 2000 issues. In the event that H&R
Block's project plans are not timely or successfully
completed, there can be no assurance that the upcoming
change in the century will not have a material adverse
effect on the operations of the Master Servicer, including a
shut-down of operations for a period of time, which may, in
turn, have a material adverse effect on the certificates. In
addition, there can be no assurance that the systems used by
outside service providers, including subservicers providing
services to the Master Servicer, or other third parties upon
which the Master Servicer's systems rely, will be converted
on a timely basis. Further, there can be no assurance that a
failure to convert by another company, or a conversion that
is incompatible with the Master Servicer's, would not have a
material adverse effect on its operations, which may, in
turn, have a material adverse effect on the certificates. In
the event that the systems or programs of the trustee and
the certificate insurer are not year 2000 compliant, there
can be no assurance that there would not be a material
adverse effect on the operations of the trustee or the
certificate insurer, which may, in turn, have a material
adverse effect on the certificates.
S-12
<PAGE>
DTC and the With respect to year 2000 issues, The Depository Trust
Year 2000 issue Company has informed members of the financial issue
community that it has developed and is implementing a
program so that its systems, as they relate to the timely
payment of distributions (including principal and income
payments) to securityholders, book-entry deliveries, and
settlement of trades within DTC continue to function
appropriately on and after January 1, 2000. This program
includes a technical assessment and a remediation plan, each
of which is expected to be completed within the appropriate
time frames.
However, DTC's ability to perform its services properly is
also dependent upon other parties, including but not limited
to, its participating organizations (through which
certificateholders will hold their certificates), as well as
the computer systems of third party providers. DTC has
informed the financial community that it is contacting (and
will continue to contact) third party vendors from whom DTC
acquires services to: (i) impress upon them the importance
of such services being year 2000 compliant and (ii)
determine the extent of their efforts for year 2000
remediation (and, as appropriate, testing) of their
services. DTC has stated that it is in the process of
developing such contingency plans as it deems appropriate.
If problems associated with the year 2000 issue were to
occur with respect to DTC and the services described above,
distributions to certificateholders could be delayed or
otherwise adversely affected.
The following characteristics
of the mortgage loans may
increase risk of loss
Borrowers may The seller purchased all of the mortgage loans using the
have poor underwriting standards for its "non-conforming" mortgage
credit histories loan program. A non-conforming mortgage loan histories means
a mortgage loan that is ineligible for purchase by programs
such as those administered by the Federal National Mortgage
Association (Fannie Mae) or by the Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac). See "Risk Factors--Lower
Credit Quality Primary Assets" in the prospectus.
Mortgage loans originated under these less stringent
underwriting standards are likely to experience rates of
delinquency, foreclosure and bankruptcy that are higher
(perhaps significantly higher) than those experienced by
conforming mortgage loans.
The seller's underwriting standards are discussed in the
prospectus under "The Primary Asset Program."
S-13
<PAGE>
Some of the 12.03% of the fixed rate mortgage loans are secured by
mortgage loans second liens. In general, a lender that has a second lien
are second may not foreclose on the mortgaged second property unless it
liens, which are either pays off the senior loan or agrees to make the
harder to monthly payments under the senior loan. The trust will have
forclose no source of funds to pay off the senior loan or make
payments due to the senior lender. As a result, the trust's
ability to realize on a second lien may be limited.
Although little data is available, the rate of loss and
delinquency of second mortgage loans may be greater than
those of first mortgage loans secured by comparable
properties. See "Risk Factors--Nature of Security" in the
prospectus.
The mortgage The properties securing the mortgage loans are
loans are concentrated in the southeastern United States.
concentrated Adverse economic conditions in this region could
in the disproportionately effect the trust by increasing:
southeast
o the rate of delinquencies of loans secured by
real estate in the region, and
o losses incurred upon foreclosure due to slower
absorption rates of real estate into the market, and
lower sales prices for real estate.
See "Description of the Mortgage Pool" in this prospectus
supplement for more information regarding the geographic
concentration of the mortgage loans.
Some of the Non-owner occupied properties represent 7.27% of the fixed
mortgage loans rate mortgage loans and 4.73% of the adjustable rate
are non-owner mortgage loans. It is possible that the rate of
occupied delinquencies, foreclosures and losses on mortgage loans
properties secured by non-owner occupied or investor properties
could be higher than that on mortgage loans secured by the
primary residence of the borrower.
Almost all of 99.23% of the fixed rate mortgage loans and 99.31% of the
the mortgage adjustable rate mortgage loans were originated after
loans are December 31, 1997. Although little data is available,
recently defaults on mortgage loans are generally expected to occur
originated with greater frequency in their early years.
Many of the 40.67% of the fixed rate mortgage loans are "balloon
mortgage loans loans" that provide for the payment of the unamortized
have balloon principal balance in a single payment at maturity. 5.67%
payments of the adjustable rate mortgage loans are balloon loans.
The depositor does not have any information regarding the
default history or prepayment history of balloon loans.
Because borrowers of balloon loans are required to make
substantial single payments upon maturity, it is possible
that the default risk associated with balloon loans is
greater than that associated with fully-amortizing mortgage
loans. See "Risk Factors -- Balloon Payments" in the
prospectus.
S-14
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF THE MORTGAGE POOL
The mortgage loans deposited into the Trust (the "Mortgage Loans") will
consist of a pool (the "Mortgage Pool") of fixed rate and adjustable rate
Mortgage Loans with remaining terms to maturity as of the Cut-off Date of not
more than 360 months (including both fully amortizing Mortgage Loans and balloon
loans). The Mortgage Loans had the characteristics set forth below as of the
Cut-off Date.
The Seller acquired the Mortgage Loans from the following sources:
Number of % of Original Pool
Name Mortgage Loans Principal Balance
---- -------------- -----------------
NCS Mortgage Services, L.L.C. ("NCS") 2,312 45.87%
NFI Investments, Inc. ("NFI") 2,851 43.68%
Cimarron Mortgage Company d/b/a
The Mortgage Warehouse ("Cimarron") 570 9.62%
H&R Block Mortgage Company, L.L.C.("HRBMC") 55 0.83%
Each Mortgage Loan in the Trust will be assigned to one of two "Loan
Groups":
o the "Fixed Rate Group", in the case of Mortgage Loans which
bear fixed interest rates, and
o the "Adjustable Rate Group", in the case of Mortgage Loans
which bear adjustable interest rates.
The "Related Loan Group" is the Fixed Rate Group or the Adjustable Rate Group,
as the case may be.
The Group 1 Certificates represent undivided ownership interests in all
Mortgage Loans contained in the Fixed Rate Group, and distributions on the Group
1 Certificates will be based primarily on amounts available for distribution in
respect of Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate Group. The Group 2 Certificates
represent undivided ownership interests in all Mortgage Loans contained in the
Adjustable Rate Group, and distributions on the Group 2 Certificates will be
based primarily on amounts available for distribution in respect of Mortgage
Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group. On the Closing Date, the aggregate Class
Certificate Balances of the Group 1 Certificates will equal approximately 100%
of the Original Loan Group Balance of the Fixed Rate Group and the aggregate
Class Certificate Balances of the Group 2 Certificates will equal approximately
98.6% of the Original Loan Group Balance of the Adjustable Rate Group.
If the residential real estate market should experience an overall decline
in property values such that the outstanding balance of any Mortgage Loan,
together with the outstanding balance of any related senior lien, becomes equal
to or greater than the value of the Mortgaged Property, the actual rates of
delinquencies, foreclosures and losses could be higher than those now generally
experienced in the mortgage lending industry.
Most of the Mortgage Loans with Loan-to-Value Ratios at origination
greater than 80% will not be covered by a primary mortgage guaranty insurance
policy issued by a mortgage insurance company. Such policies generally provide
coverage of a portion of the original principal balance of the related mortgage
loan equal to the product of the original principal balance thereof and a
fraction, the numerator of which is the excess of the original principal balance
of such mortgage loan over 75% of the lesser of the appraised value and selling
price of the related mortgaged property and the denominator of which is the
original principal balance of the related mortgage loan, plus accrued interest
thereon and related foreclosure expenses.
S-15
<PAGE>
The Loan-to-Value Ratios and Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios shown below
were calculated based upon:
o the appraisal, if any, drive-by evaluation or other method of estimating
value made at or within six months before the time of origination of the
Mortgage Loan, or
o in the case of a Mortgage Loan which is a purchase money mortgage, the sale
price of the related Mortgaged Property at such time of origination, if
such sale price is less than such appraised value (the "Appraised Values").
No assurance can be given that the values of the Mortgaged Properties have
remained or will remain at their Appraised Values on the dates of origination of
the related Mortgage Loans.
Unless otherwise noted, all numeric information in this Prospectus
Supplement is based on the Mortgage Pool as of the related Cut-off Date and all
statistical percentages in this Prospectus Supplement are approximate and
measured by the aggregate outstanding Loan Balance of the Mortgage Loans in the
Mortgage Pool as of the related Cut-off Date (the "Original Pool Principal
Balance") or in the respective Loan Groups as of the related Cut-off Date (as to
each Loan Group, the "Original Loan Group Balance"), in each case taking into
account with respect to Actuarial Loans scheduled monthly payments due, but not
received, on or prior to the related Cut-off Date. With respect to the Actuarial
Loans, payments due other than on the first day of a month are deemed to be due
on the first day of the month for all purposes, including determining the
Original Pool Principal Balance and servicing such Mortgage Loans. Certain
Mortgage Loans included in the Trust as of the related Cut-off Date may prepay
in full, or may be determined not to meet eligibility requirements, and
accordingly will not be included in the Trust on the Closing Date. As a result
of the foregoing, the statistical distribution of characteristics as of the
Closing Date for the Trust may vary from the statistical distribution of such
characteristics as of the related Cut-off Date as presented in this Prospectus
Supplement. The Depositor believes that the information set forth in this
Prospectus Supplement with respect to the Mortgage Pool as currently constituted
is representative of the characteristics of the Mortgage Pool as it will be
constituted at the Closing Date, although certain characteristics of the
Mortgage Loans in the Mortgage Pool may vary.
All of the Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with the
underwriting standards described in the Prospectus under "The Primary Asset
Program."
Mortgage Loans--Fixed Rate Group
As of the related Cut-off Date with respect to the Mortgage Loans in the
Fixed Rate Group:
o the average loan balance was $52,910.08,
o the Mortgage Rates ranged from 7.00% per annum to 15.89% per annum,
o the weighted average Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio at origination was
81.12%,
o the weighted average Mortgage Rate was 11.29% per annum,
o the weighted average remaining term to maturity was approximately 236
months,
o the weighted average original term to maturity was approximately 240
months,
S-16
<PAGE>
o the remaining terms to maturity ranged from 47 months to 360 months,
o the Loan Balances ranged from $9,705.42 to $438,945.77,
o Mortgage Loans containing a "balloon" payment feature represented not more
than 40.67% of the Fixed Rate Group,
o no Mortgage Loan is scheduled to mature later than January 1, 2029,
o none of the Mortgage Loans was more than 59 days delinquent, and
o no more than 2.71% of the Mortgage Loans were more than 29 days delinquent.
Set forth below is a description of certain additional characteristics of
the Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate Group as of the related Cut-off Date. The
percentages set forth in the tables below may not always add to 100% due to
rounding.
S-17
<PAGE>
Cut-off Date Loan Balances
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Range of Cut-off Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Date Loan Balances ($) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
---------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
9,705.42--24,999.99.......$ 11,932,872.20 6.63% 633
25,000.00--34,999.99....... 15,362,914.82 8.53 506
35,000.00--44,999.99....... 23,254,769.28 12.92 581
45,000.00--54,999.99....... 22,840,073.63 12.69 458
55,000.00--64,999.99....... 22,782,935.29 12.66 381
65,000.00--74,999.99....... 16,639,879.13 9.24 239
75,000.00--84,999.99....... 13,682,250.36 7.60 171
85,000.00--94,999.99....... 10,483,278.28 5.82 117
95,000.00--104,999.99...... 8,856,368.54 4.92 89
105,000.00--114,999.99...... 6,581,263.11 3.66 60
115,000.00--124,999.99...... 4,429,146.73 2.46 37
125,000.00--134,999.99...... 2,980,290.01 1.66 23
135,000.00--144,999.99...... 3,225,648.77 1.79 23
145,000.00--154,999.99...... 1,946,816.61 1.08 13
155,000.00--164,999.99...... 2,230,922.87 1.24 14
165,000.00--174,999.99...... 1,868,941.86 1.04 11
175,000.00--184,999.99...... 711,015.25 0.40 4
185,000.00--194,999.99...... 948,690.50 0.53 5
195,000.00--204,999.99...... 403,494.17 0.22 2
205,000.00--214,999.99...... 1,262,030.91 0.70 6
215,000.00--224,999.99...... 1,315,296.98 0.73 6
225,000.00--234,999.99...... 696,369.14 0.39 3
235,000.00--244,999.99...... 959,789.63 0.53 4
245,000.00--254,999.99...... 1,247,730.67 0.69 5
255,000.00--264,999.99...... 256,171.06 0.14 1
265,000.00--274,999.99...... 269,797.79 0.15 1
275,000.00--284,999.99...... 1,400,644.20 0.78 5
285,000.00--294,999.99...... 292,500.00 0.16 1
305,000.00--438,945.77...... 1,138,189.64 0.63 3
--------------- ------ ----
Total...............$180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
S-18
<PAGE>
Mortgage Rates
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Range of Mortgage Rates (%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- -------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
7.000 - 7.000 ............$ 42,033.56 0.02% 1
7.001 - 7.250 ............ 33,468.30 0.02 1
7.251 - 7.500 ............ 230,950.92 0.13 4
7.501 - 7.750 ............ 332,616.36 0.18 7
7.751 - 8.000 ............ 653,202.83 0.36 11
8.001 - 8.250 ............ 987,362.84 0.55 13
8.251 - 8.500 ............ 886,876.55 0.49 15
8.501 - 8.750 ............ 1,920,121.36 1.07 29
8.751 - 9.000 ............ 2,079,980.73 1.16 33
9.001 - 9.250 ............ 1,818,712.85 1.01 31
9.251 - 9.500 ............ 4,271,794.52 2.37 68
9.501 - 9.750 ............ 5,642,563.99 3.13 84
9.751 - 10.000 ............ 9,210,996.48 5.12 154
10.001 - 10.250 ............ 7,287,020.32 4.05 126
10.251 - 10.500 ............ 13,521,873.48 7.51 213
10.501 - 10.750 ............ 14,238,909.50 7.91 217
10.751 - 11.000 ............ 13,907,451.65 7.73 256
11.001 - 11.250 ............ 12,324,121.89 6.85 229
11.251 - 11.500 ............ 12,147,867.44 6.75 229
11.501 - 11.750 ............ 14,735,147.43 8.19 269
11.751 - 12.000 ............ 13,534,496.51 7.52 281
12.001 - 12.250 ............ 12,757,521.50 7.09 242
12.251 - 12.500 ............ 10,133,486.28 5.63 206
12.501 - 12.750 ............ 8,734,107.23 4.85 162
12.751 - 13.000 ............ 6,933,819.31 3.85 160
13.001 - 13.250 ............ 3,285,426.55 1.83 85
13.251 - 13.500 ............ 2,383,673.04 1.32 67
13.501 - 13.750 ............ 1,908,227.77 1.06 56
13.751 - 14.000 ............ 1,968,983.98 1.09 72
14.001 - 14.250 ............ 618,090.80 0.34 17
14.251 - 14.500 ............ 387,734.02 0.22 12
14.501 - 14.750 ............ 185,230.83 0.10 7
14.751 - 15.000 ............ 739,725.07 0.41 39
15.001 - 15.250 ............ 117,148.96 0.07 4
15.501 - 15.750 ............ 20,977.07 0.01 1
15.751 - 15.890 ............ 18,369.51 0.01 1
--------------- ------ ----
Total ...........$180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
S-19
<PAGE>
Months Remaining to Scheduled Maturity
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Range of Months Remaining Aggregate Aggregate Number of
to Scheduled Maturity Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
47 to 59................. $ 43,039.37 0.02% 2
60 to 119................ 1,753,737.58 0.97 71
120 to 179................ 100,562,344.24 55.87 2,000
180 to 239................ 22,382,245.12 12.43 469
240 to 299................ 367,499.66 0.20 8
300 to 360................ 54,891,225.46 30.50 852
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
Distribution of Loan Purpose
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Loan Purpose Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------ ------------ ------------ --------------
Refinance(1).............. $129,641,989.53 72.02% 2,547
Purchase.................. 50,358,101.90 27.98 855
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
- ---------------
(1) A "Refinance" loan is any loan other than loans the proceeds of which were
used by the related borrower to purchase a home, and such term includes
loans the proceeds of which were primarily used by the related borrower:
o to refinance an existing loan,
o to refinance a balloon payment,
o for debt consolidation,
o for home improvement, or
o for cashout.
Distribution of Occupancy Status
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Occupancy Status Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- --------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
Owner Occupied............ $166,906,294.47 92.73% 3,110
Non-Owner Occupied........ 13,093,796.96 7.27 292
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
S-20
<PAGE>
Distribution of Property Types
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Property Type Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
Single Family Residence... $161,744,030.66 89.86% 3,063
2-4 Family................ 8,270,516.19 4.59 145
Manufactured Housing...... 6,595,845.69 3.66 121
Planned Unit Development.. 1,790,842.80 0.99 29
Condominium............... 1,192,449.07 0.66 34
Unknown................... 288,620.92 0.16 7
Second Home............... 117,786.10 0.07 3
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
S-21
<PAGE>
Geographical Distribution
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
State Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ----- ------------ ------------ --------------
Louisiana................. $ 32,112,223.39 17.84% 716
Florida................... 21,584,104.17 11.99 403
Ohio...................... 13,009,634.24 7.23 228
Illinois.................. 10,921,569.65 6.07 174
Georgia................... 10,131,512.85 5.63 183
Mississippi............... 9,648,398.38 5.36 225
North Carolina............ 8,113,115.35 4.51 136
Indiana................... 7,776,813.80 4.32 166
South Carolina............ 7,695,588.43 4.28 137
Virginia.................. 7,383,893.43 4.10 113
Michigan.................. 7,220,032.14 4.01 135
Tennessee................. 5,813,912.68 3.23 108
Kentucky.................. 5,126,044.59 2.85 98
Colorado.................. 4,094,083.90 2.27 72
Arizona................... 3,881,230.20 2.16 71
Missouri.................. 3,118,760.58 1.73 55
Texas..................... 2,944,464.68 1.64 44
Utah...................... 2,282,539.19 1.27 41
Connecticut............... 2,220,236.95 1.23 40
Pennsylvania.............. 2,214,723.23 1.23 49
California................ 2,197,738.00 1.22 37
New Jersey................ 2,058,542.91 1.14 21
Arkansas.................. 1,871,208.40 1.04 33
Maryland.................. 1,157,836.07 0.64 25
Nevada.................... 1,100,627.18 0.61 18
Iowa...................... 904,066.15 0.50 18
Wisconsin................. 872,118.12 0.48 18
Washington................ 865,605.66 0.48 12
District of Columbia...... 690,329.84 0.38 4
Oklahoma.................. 285,063.52 0.16 10
New Mexico................ 236,609.01 0.13 4
Oregon.................... 103,266.75 0.06 1
West Virginia............. 113,930.60 0.06 2
Kansas.................... 97,645.43 0.05 1
Delaware.................. 51,963.95 0.03 1
New York.................. 50,143.50 0.03 1
Idaho..................... 35,534.56 0.02 1
Montana................... 14,979.95 0.01 1
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
S-22
<PAGE>
Calendar Year of Origin
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Calendar Year Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------ ------------ ------------ --------------
1996...................... $ 103,984.90 0.06% 2
1997...................... 1,275,076.77 0.71 26
1998...................... 178,621,029.76 99.23 3,374
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios at Origination
% of Fixed
Rate Group by
Range of Combined Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Loan-to-Value Ratios(%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ----------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
0.01-- 10.00............ $ 27,042.28 0.02% 2
10.01-- 20.00............. 67,615.18 0.04 3
20.01-- 30.00............. 370,318.09 0.21 14
30.01-- 40.00............. 946,316.90 0.53 31
40.01-- 50.00............. 2,300,066.17 1.28 70
50.01-- 60.00............. 4,094,811.62 2.27 102
60.01-- 70.00............. 13,922,156.38 7.73 299
70.01-- 80.00............. 61,147,419.10 33.97 1,143
80.01-- 90.00............. 92,159,864.18 51.20 1,564
90.01--100.00............. 4,964,481.53 2.76 174
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $180,000,091.43 100.00% 3,402
=============== ====== =====
S-23
<PAGE>
Junior Loan Ratios (1)
% of Junior
Loans in the
Fixed Rate
Group by
Range of Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Junior Loan Ratios (%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ---------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
5.01--10.00.............. $ 246,802.47 0.14% 14
10.01--15.00.............. 2,538,286.86 1.41 121
15.01--20.00.............. 4,842,812.10 2.69 191
20.01--25.00.............. 3,530,085.22 1.96 130
25.01--30.00.............. 3,055,041.83 1.70 99
30.01--35.00.............. 2,097,729.84 1.17 62
35.01--40.00.............. 2,349,681.12 1.31 56
40.01--45.00.............. 1,102,627.21 0.61 28
45.01--50.00.............. 655,690.75 0.36 19
50.01--55.00.............. 397,797.38 0.22 11
55.01--60.00.............. 237,856.37 0.13 6
60.01--65.00.............. 289,619.21 0.16 6
65.01--70.00.............. 35,114.99 0.02 1
70.01--75.00.............. 141,438.21 0.08 4
80.01--85.00.............. 56,578.56 0.03 2
85.01--90.00.............. 27,391.14 0.02 2
95.01--97.14.............. 57,694.60 0.03 1
-------------- ----- ---
Total................ $21,662,247.86 12.03% 753
============== ===== ===
- ---------------
(1) Excludes senior lien Mortgage Loans. Defined as the ratio of the original
principal balance of the second lien Mortgage Loan to the sum of:
o the original principal balance of the second lien Mortgage
Loan, and
o the unpaid principal balance of any senior lien mortgage loan at the
time of origination of the second lien Mortgage Loan.
Mortgage Loans--Adjustable Rate Group
In general, the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group bear interest
at rates that adjust (each such date, an "Adjustment Date"):
o annually based upon the London interbank offered rates for one-month United
States dollar deposits in the London Market, as set forth in The Wall
Street Journal ("One-Month LIBOR") as of the first Business Day of the
month in which the related Adjustment Date occurs,
o semi-annually based upon the average of the London interbank offered rates
for six-month U.S. dollar deposits in the London market, as set forth in
The Wall Street Journal ("Six-Month LIBOR") as of the first Business Day of
the month in which the related Adjustment Date occurs,
S-24
<PAGE>
o annually based upon the weekly average yield on United States treasury
securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year, as made available
by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("One-Year CMT"),
or
o annually or every three years based upon the weekly average yield on United
States treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of three years,
as made available by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
("Three-Year CMT" and together with One-Month LIBOR, Six-Month LIBOR and
One-Year CMT, the "Mortgage Indices").
As of the related Cut-off Date with respect to the Mortgage Loans in the
Adjustable Rate Group:
o the average Loan Balance was $93,513.86,
o the Mortgage Rates ranged from 6.75% per annum to 14.40% per annum,
o the weighted average Loan-to-Value Ratio at origination was 83.59%,
o the weighted average Mortgage Rate was 10.12% per annum,
o the weighted average remaining term to maturity was approximately 345
months,
o the weighted average original term to maturity was approximately 349
months,
o the remaining terms to maturity ranged from 165 months to 360 months,
o the Loan Balances ranged from $14,259.48 to $665,212.18,
o Mortgage Loans containing a "balloon" payment feature represented not
more than 5.67% of the Adjustable Rate Group,
o no Mortgage Loan will mature later than December 21, 2028,
o none of the Mortgage Loans was more than 59 days delinquent
in payment of principal and interest, and
o no more than 2.56% of the Mortgage Loans were more than 29 days delinquent
in payment of principal and interest.
All of the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group have maximum
Mortgage Rates. As of the related Cut-off Date, the weighted average maximum
Mortgage Rate of the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group was 16.11% per
annum, with maximum Mortgage Rates that ranged from 10.35% to 21.10% per annum.
The Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group had a weighted average gross
margin as of the related Cut-off Date of 6.82% per annum. As of the related
Cut-off Date, the gross margins for the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate
Group ranged from 3.00% per annum to 10.40% per annum.
All of the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group have periodic rate
adjustment caps. 58.00%, 0.58%, 0.04% and 0.04% of the Mortgage Loans in the
Adjustable Rate Group as of the related Cut-off Date had a rate adjustment cap
of 3.00% per annum for the first adjustment and 1.00%, 2.00%, 3.00% and 6.00%
per annum, respectively, thereafter. 24.25% and 15.28% of the Mortgage Loans in
the
S-25
<PAGE>
Adjustable Rate Group as of the related Cut-off Date had a rate adjustment cap
of 2.00% per annum for the first adjustment and 1.00% and 2.00% per annum,
respectively, thereafter. The remaining Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate
Group have periodic rate adjustment caps that range from 1.00% per annum to
6.00% per annum for the first adjustment and range from 1.00% per annum to 3.00%
per annum thereafter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Mortgage Rates on
64.59%, 18.49% and 1.64% of the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group will
not adjust for two, three and five years, respectively, following origination.
Set forth below is a description of certain additional characteristics of
the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group as of the Cut-off Date. The
percentages set forth in the table below may not always add to 100% due to
rounding.
Cut-off Date Loan Balances
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Range of Cut-off Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Date Loan Balances($) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- --------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
14,259.48 -24,999......... $ 196,537.54 0.09% 9
25,000.00 -34,999......... 780,761.13 0.35 25
35,000.00 -44,999......... 7,181,239.00 3.22 175
45,000.00 -54,999......... 14,815,642.68 6.64 293
55,000.00 -64,999......... 20,369,890.92 9.13 339
65,000.00 -74,999......... 18,910,878.96 8.48 271
75,000.00 -84,999......... 15,248,034.71 6.83 191
85,000.00 -94,999......... 18,878,321.88 8.46 210
95,000.00-104,999......... 15,873,198.80 7.11 159
105,000.00-114,999......... 16,407,325.56 7.35 149
115,000.00-124,999......... 14,818,684.26 6.64 124
125,000.00-134,999......... 11,182,737.55 5.01 86
135,000.00-144,999......... 8,969,943.18 4.02 64
145,000.00-154,999......... 8,118,716.75 3.64 54
155,000.00-164,999......... 7,695,386.98 3.45 48
165,000.00-174,999......... 4,894,532.09 2.19 29
175,000.00-184,999......... 3,768,131.35 1.69 21
185,000.00-194,999......... 4,197,386.68 1.88 22
195,000.00-204,999......... 5,591,147.07 2.51 28
205,000.00-214,999......... 2,722,238.51 1.22 13
215,000.00-224,999......... 1,981,436.09 0.89 9
225,000.00-234,999......... 1,156,172.69 0.52 5
235,000.00-244,999......... 2,409,237.50 1.08 10
245,000.00-254,999......... 1,503,305.54 0.67 6
255,000.00-264,999......... 1,034,445.69 0.46 4
265,000.00-274,999......... 1,346,690.09 0.60 5
275,000.00-284,999......... 1,683,457.61 0.75 6
285,000.00-294,999......... 1,743,717.08 0.78 6
295,000.00-304,999......... 1,797,497.04 0.81 6
305,000.00-665,212......... 7,847,375.93 3.52 19
--------------- ------ -----
Total .........$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
S-26
<PAGE>
Mortgage Rates
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Range of Mortgage Rates(%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
6.750 - 6.750..........$ 65,627.78 0.03% 1
6.751 - 7.000.......... 296,850.04 0.13 3
7.001 - 7.250.......... 364,768.29 0.16 3
7.251 - 7.500.......... 948,875.15 0.43 9
7.501 - 7.750.......... 2,762,392.17 1.24 24
7.751 - 8.000.......... 5,567,375.07 2.50 44
8.001 - 8.250.......... 3,451,919.14 1.55 34
8.251 - 8.500.......... 5,489,114.70 2.46 45
8.501 - 8.750.......... 9,418,440.04 4.22 78
8.751 - 9.000.......... 11,672,748.85 5.23 103
9.001 - 9.250.......... 9,603,849.78 4.30 104
9.251 - 9.500.......... 15,048,434.00 6.74 143
9.501 - 9.750.......... 17,720,272.32 7.94 179
9.751 - 10.00.......... 21,844,343.72 9.79 214
10.001 - 10.25.......... 20,575,858.21 9.22 229
10.251 - 10.50.......... 17,306,249.87 7.76 183
10.501 - 10.75.......... 19,175,858.82 8.59 218
10.751 - 11.00.......... 17,014,274.57 7.63 198
11.001 - 11.25.......... 12,090,752.97 5.42 147
11.251 - 11.50.......... 12,309,942.88 5.52 151
11.501 - 11.75.......... 6,148,955.29 2.76 81
11.751 - 12.00.......... 6,364,606.24 2.85 80
12.001 - 12.25.......... 3,872,925.18 1.74 47
12.251 - 12.50.......... 1,521,101.00 0.68 26
12.501 - 12.75.......... 1,512,496.70 0.68 22
12.751 - 13.00.......... 499,753.79 0.22 9
13.001 - 13.25.......... 204,833.33 0.09 5
13.251 - 13.50.......... 105,878.01 0.05 2
13.501 - 13.75.......... 50,989.71 0.02 1
13.751 - 14.00.......... 42,111.00 0.02 1
14.001 - 14.25.......... 37,651.39 0.02 1
14.251 - 14.40.......... 34,820.85 0.02 1
--------------- ------ -----
Total...............$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
S-27
<PAGE>
Margins
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Range of Margins(%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
3.000 - 3.000 ..........$ 256,495.57 0.11% 3
3.501 - 4.000 .......... 221,410.69 0.10 3
4.001 - 4.500 .......... 2,510,567.39 1.13 21
4.501 - 5.000 .......... 11,968,503.50 5.36 106
5.001 - 5.500 .......... 10,643,845.25 4.77 111
5.501 - 6.000 .......... 28,459,402.70 12.75 307
6.001 - 6.500 .......... 39,913,947.57 17.89 430
6.501 - 7.000 .......... 35,853,290.69 16.07 399
7.001 - 7.500 .......... 33,354,471.39 14.95 363
7.501 - 8.000 .......... 25,641,770.77 11.49 274
8.001 - 8.500 .......... 21,734,271.10 9.74 225
8.501 - 9.000 .......... 9,403,150.53 4.21 110
9.001 - 9.500 .......... 2,613,197.23 1.17 27
9.501 -10.000........... 342,913.90 0.15 5
10.001 -10.400........... 206,832.58 0.09 2
--------------- ------ -----
Total ...........$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
Maximum Mortgage Rates
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Range of Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Maximum Mortgage Rates(%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ --------------
10.350 - 10.50...........$ 111,499.82 0.05% 1
11.501 - 12.00........... 43,206.41 0.02 1
12.501 - 13.00........... 808,952.90 0.36 6
13.001 - 13.50........... 1,661,534.50 0.74 14
13.501 - 14.00........... 7,768,175.86 3.48 67
14.001 - 14.50........... 9,185,356.07 4.12 82
14.501 - 15.00........... 20,982,811.60 9.40 180
15.001 - 15.50........... 24,472,270.34 10.97 246
15.501 - 16.00........... 39,719,283.38 17.80 394
16.001 - 16.50........... 38,253,952.65 17.14 415
16.501 - 17.00........... 35,451,651.76 15.89 409
17.001 - 17.50........... 24,046,926.93 10.78 294
17.501 - 18.00........... 12,449,022.73 5.58 160
18.001 - 18.50........... 5,499,006.68 2.46 73
18.501 - 19.00........... 2,012,250.49 0.90 31
19.001 - 19.50........... 492,595.79 0.22 9
19.501 - 20.00........... 93,100.71 0.04 2
20.001 - 21.10........... 72,070.86 0.03 2
--------------- ------ -----
Total ................$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
S-28
<PAGE>
Next Rate Change Dates
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Next Rate Change Date Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- --------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
January 1999.............$ 82,251.48 0.04% 1
February 1999............ 57,600.00 0.03 1
March 1999............... 690,148.62 0.31 7
April 1999............... 1,307,139.99 0.59 10
May 1999................. 2,057,207.26 0.92 17
June 1999................ 3,307,544.75 1.48 28
July 1999................ 3,462,906.57 1.55 30
August 1999.............. 3,315,938.76 1.49 28
September 1999........... 3,682,780.20 1.65 36
October 1999............. 2,313,469.77 1.04 26
November 1999............ 2,013,912.12 0.90 17
December 1999............ 890,502.34 0.40 12
January 2000............. 353,125.69 0.16 5
February 2000............ 609,108.39 0.27 6
March 2000............... 4,369,792.75 1.96 37
April 2000............... 7,397,958.55 3.32 80
May 2000................. 17,832,790.41 7.99 198
June 2000................ 25,531,773.32 11.44 273
July 2000................ 15,596,636.97 6.99 165
August 2000.............. 20,552,175.39 9.21 231
September 2000........... 24,265,357.34 10.88 267
October 2000............. 18,503,309.07 8.29 216
November 2000............ 13,260,431.94 5.94 161
December 2000............ 5,095,560.96 2.28 66
January 2000............ 306,083.93 0.14 2
March 2001............... 552,251.13 0.25 4
April 2001............... 414,642.69 0.19 8
May 2001................. 2,652,475.69 1.19 19
June 2001................ 3,554,866.96 1.59 32
July 2001................ 7,048,021.98 3.16 71
August 2001.............. 14,239,506.21 6.38 142
September.2001........... 9,977,345.93 4.47 100
October 2001............. 2,642,845.03 1.18 25
November 2001............ 1,124,306.14 0.50 12
December 2001............ 412,758.10 0.18 6
March 2003............... 238,648.80 0.11 1
April 2003............... 223,727.28 0.10 3
May 2003................. 154,752.73 0.07 2
June 2003................ 389,316.60 0.17 5
July 2003................ 861,757.74 0.39 12
August 2003.............. 660,501.88 0.30 7
September 2003........... 642,404.33 0.29 9
October 2003............. 478,435.07 0.21 8
--------------- ------ -----
Total...............$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
S-29
<PAGE>
Months Remaining to Scheduled Maturity
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Range of Months Remaining Aggregate Aggregate Number of
to Scheduled Maturity Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
165 to 179 ...............$ 13,006,274.00 5.83% 132
180 to 239 ............... 258,944.45 0.12 4
300 to 359 ............... 199,622,545.68 89.47 2,125
360 to 360 ............... 10,236,306.73 4.59 125
--------------- ------ -----
Total.........$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
Distribution of Loan Purpose
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Loan Purpose Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------ ------------ ------------ --------------
Refinance (1)..............$119,811,530.40 53.70% 1,231
Purchase................... 103,312,540.46 46.30 1,155
--------------- ------ -----
Total............$223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
- ---------------
(1) A "Refinance" loan is any loan other than loans the proceeds of which were
used by the related borrower to purchase a home, and such term includes
loans the proceeds of which were primarily used by the related borrower:
o to refinance an existing loan,
o to refinance a balloon payment,
o for debt consolidation,
o for home improvement, or
o for cashout.
Distribution of Occupancy Status
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Occupancy Status Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ---------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
Owner Occupied............ $212,567,220.30 95.27% 2,231
Non-Owner Occupied........ 10,556,850.56 4.73 155
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
S-30
<PAGE>
Distribution of Property Types
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Property Type Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
Single Family Residence... $206,463,609.12 92.53% 2,198
2-4 Family................ 7,064,639.52 3.17 84
Planned Unit Development.. 4,407,035.41 1.98 34
Manufactured Housing...... 2,700,658.75 1.21 38
Condo..................... 1,084,014.04 0.49 17
Unknown................... 1,027,930.32 0.46 11
Second Home............... 246,906.35 0.11 3
Townhome.................. 129,277.35 0.06 1
--------------- ------ -----
Total......... $223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
S-31
<PAGE>
Geographical Distribution
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
State Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ----- ------------ ------------ --------------
Florida................... $ 28,524,771.09 12.78% 349
Colorado.................. 23,665,228.42 10.61 188
Georgia................... 21,313,307.03 9.55 215
Ohio...................... 20,925,165.07 9.38 269
Illinois.................. 15,939,630.82 7.14 159
Arizona................... 14,317,162.91 6.42 144
Virginia.................. 10,996,697.39 4.93 143
Michigan.................. 10,770,545.76 4.83 115
Indiana................... 8,062,993.04 3.61 103
Utah...................... 8,008,692.94 3.59 64
Kentucky.................. 6,837,781.41 3.06 85
Tennessee................. 6,372,511.29 2.86 74
Louisiana................. 5,375,048.07 2.41 63
North Carolina............ 4,753,956.89 2.13 53
South Carolina............ 4,705,867.92 2.11 47
Nevada.................... 3,854,575.82 1.73 27
New Jersey................ 3,603,154.74 1.61 24
California................ 3,516,937.25 1.58 19
Missouri.................. 3,265,639.78 1.46 39
Mississippi............... 2,979,620.05 1.34 39
Connecticut............... 2,689,112.16 1.21 33
Wisconsin................. 2,122,806.35 0.95 22
Maryland.................. 1,970,884.06 0.88 16
Iowa...................... 1,959,750.56 0.88 28
Washington................ 1,523,661.69 0.68 14
Texas..................... 1,326,516.81 0.59 18
Idaho..................... 1,253,851.55 0.56 10
Pennsylvania.............. 839,469.54 0.38 12
New Hampshire............. 517,672.65 0.23 1
Arkansas.................. 297,263.35 0.13 3
West Virginia............. 232,621.46 0.10 2
Minnesota................. 179,324.52 0.08 2
District of Columbia...... 160,438.81 0.07 2
Kansas.................... 146,836.05 0.07 2
Nebraska.................. 89,612.15 0.04 1
Oklahoma.................. 24,961.46 0.01 1
--------------- ------ -----
Total......... $223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
S-32
<PAGE>
Calendar Year of Origin
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Calendar Year Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
1997...................... $ 1,530,295.74 0.69% 16
1998...................... 221,593,775.12 99.31 2,370
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
Loan-to-Value Ratios at Origination
% of Adjustable
Rate Group by
Range of Aggregate Aggregate Number of
Loan-to-Value Ratios(%) Loan Balance Loan Balance Mortgage Loans
- ----------------------- ------------ ------------ --------------
20.01-- 30.00............. $ 44,125.52 0.02% 1
30.01-- 40.00............. 268,248.58 0.12 6
40.01-- 50.00............. 782,229.35 0.35 12
50.01-- 60.00............. 1,435,563.02 0.64 19
60.01-- 70.00............. 10,621,428.02 4.76 114
70.01-- 80.00............. 67,924,742.64 30.44 760
80.01-- 90.00............. 139,926,182.73 62.71 1,449
90.01--100.00............. 2,121,551.00 0.95 25
--------------- ------ -----
Total................ $223,124,070.86 100.00% 2,386
=============== ====== =====
Interest Payments on the Mortgage Loans
18.15% of the Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate Group and 29.42% of the
Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group are mortgage loans on which interest
is charged to the obligor (the "Mortgagor") at the interest rate on the
outstanding principal balance calculated based on the number of days elapsed
between receipt of the Mortgagor's last payment through receipt of the
Mortgagor's most current payment (such Mortgage Loans, "Simple Interest Loans").
Such interest is deducted from the Mortgagor's payment amount and the remainder,
if any, of the payment is applied as a reduction to the outstanding principal
balance of such Mortgage Note. Although the Mortgagor of a Simple Interest Loan
generally is required to remit equal monthly payments on a specified monthly
payment date that would reduce the outstanding principal balance of such
Mortgage Note to zero at such Mortgage Note's maturity date (or with respect to
a Mortgage Loan containing a "balloon" payment feature, reduce the principal
balance of such Mortgage Loan to a pre-determined remaining principal balance),
payments that are made by the Mortgagors after the due date therefor would cause
the outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Note not to be reduced to
zero on its maturity date. In such a case, the Mortgagor would be required to
make an additional principal payment at the maturity date for such Mortgage
Note. If it were assumed that all the Mortgagors on the Simple Interest Loans
were to pay on the latest date possible without the Simple Interest Loans being
in default, the amount of such additional principal payment would be a de
minimis amount of the aggregate Loan Balance of the Mortgage Loans. On the other
hand, if a Mortgagor makes a payment (other than a Prepayment) before the due
date therefor, the reduction in the outstanding principal balance of such
Mortgage Note would occur over a shorter period of time than would have occurred
had it been based on the schedule of amortization in
S-33
<PAGE>
effect on the Cut-off Date. Accordingly, the timing of principal payments to the
Offered Certificates may be affected by the fact that actual payments by
Mortgagors may not be made on the due dates therefor.
81.85% of the Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate Group and 70.58% of the
Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group are not Simple Interest Loans (such
Mortgage Loans, the "Actuarial Loans"). The Actuarial Loans provide that
interest is charged to the Mortgagors thereunder, and payments are due from such
Mortgagors, as of a scheduled day of each month which is fixed at the time of
origination. Scheduled monthly payments made by the Mortgagors on the Actuarial
Loans either earlier or later than the scheduled due dates thereof will not
affect the amortization schedule or the relative application of such payments to
principal and interest. With respect to the Actuarial Loans, payments due other
than on the first day of a month are deemed to be due on the first day of the
month for all purposes herein, including determining the Original Pool Principal
Balance and servicing of such Mortgage Loans.
CERTAIN YIELD AND PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Factors Affecting the Rates of Principal Payments on the
Certificates
The rate of principal payments on the Offered Certificates, the aggregate
amount of each interest payment on the Offered Certificates and the yield to
maturity of the Offered Certificates are related to the rate and timing of
payments of principal on the Mortgage Loans, which may be in the form of
scheduled and unscheduled payments. In general, when the level of prevailing
interest rates for similar loans significantly declines, the rate of prepayment
is likely to increase, although the prepayment rate is influenced by a number of
other factors, including those discussed below. Generally, defaults on mortgage
loans are expected to occur with greater frequency in their early years. The
rate of default on second mortgage loans may be greater than that of mortgage
loans secured by first liens on comparable properties. Prepayments, liquidations
and purchases of the Mortgage Loans will result in distributions to holders of
the related Offered Certificates of amounts of principal which would otherwise
be distributed over the remaining terms of the Mortgage Loans in the Trust. The
Class R Optionholder may purchase from the Trust, and the Trustee has the
obligation to conduct an auction for, all of the outstanding Mortgage Loans, and
thus effect the early retirement of the Offered Certificates, following the
Optional Termination Date. In addition, the Master Servicer may purchase from
the Trust all of the outstanding Mortgage Loans, and thus effect the early
retirement of the Offered Certificates, after the aggregate Loan Balance of the
Mortgage Loans in the Trust has declined to less than 5% of the Original Pool
Principal Balance. See "The Pooling and Servicing Agreement--Termination;
Retirement of the Certificates" and "--Termination Auction" herein.
The actual rate of principal prepayments on pools of mortgage loans has
fluctuated considerably in recent years and is influenced by a variety of
factors, including:
o economic,
o tax,
o geographic,
o demographic,
o social, and
o legal.
In addition, the rate of principal prepayments may differ among pools of
mortgage loans at any time because of specific factors relating to the mortgage
loans in the particular pool, including, among other things:
S-34
<PAGE>
o the age of the mortgage loans,
o the geographic locations of the properties securing the loans,
o the extent of the mortgagors' equity in such properties,
o changes in the mortgagors' housing needs,
o job transfers, and
o changes in the unemployment rate.
As with fixed rate obligations generally, the rate of prepayment on a pool
of mortgage loans with fixed rates such as the Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate
Group is affected by prevailing market rates for mortgage loans of a comparable
term and risk level. When the market interest rate is below the mortgage coupon,
mortgagors may have an increased incentive to refinance their mortgage loans.
Depending on prevailing market rates, the future outlook for market rates and
economic conditions generally, some mortgagors may sell or refinance mortgaged
properties in order to realize their equity in the mortgaged properties, to meet
cash flow needs or to make other investments. As of the Cut-off Date, 71.53% of
the Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate Group provided for prepayment penalties.
All of the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group will be adjustable
rate mortgage loans. As is the case with conventional fixed rate mortgage loans,
adjustable rate mortgage loans may be subject to a greater rate of principal
prepayments in a declining interest rate environment. For example, if prevailing
interest rates fall significantly, adjustable rate mortgage loans could be
subject to higher prepayment rates than if prevailing interest rates remain
constant, because the availability of fixed rate mortgage loans at competitive
interest rates may encourage mortgagors to refinance their adjustable rate
mortgage loan to "lock in" a lower fixed interest rate. However, no assurance
can be given as to the level of prepayments that the Mortgage Loans will
experience. 70.64% of the Mortgage Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group provided
for prepayment penalties.
In addition to the foregoing factors affecting the weighted average life
of each Class of the Offered Certificates, the overcollateralization provisions
and crosscollateralization provisions of the Trust will result in a limited
acceleration of the amortization of the Offered Certificates relative to the
amortization of the Mortgage Loans in the early months of the transaction. The
accelerated amortization is achieved by the application of certain excess
interest and principal to the payment of the Class Certificate Balances of the
Offered Certificates. Once the required level of overcollateralization is
reached, the acceleration feature will cease, unless necessary to maintain the
required level of overcollateralization.
Final Scheduled Distribution Dates
The Final Scheduled Distribution Dates for the Offered
Certificates are as follows:
Final Scheduled
Distribution Date
-----------------
Class A-1 Certificates.......September 2013
Class A-2 Certificates...........April 2020
Class A-3 Certificates.............May 2025
Class A-4 Certificates........February 2030
Class A-5 Certificates.......September 2013
Class A-6 Certificates.........January 2030
Class A-7 Certificates...........April 2016
S-35
<PAGE>
The Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class
A-3, Class A-5 and Class A-7 Certificates is the Distribution Date occurring in
the month following the date on which the Initial Class Certificate Balance set
forth on the cover page of this Prospectus Supplement for the related Class
would be reduced to zero on account of distribution of principal, assuming that:
o no prepayments are received on the Mortgage Loans,
o monthly payments of principal and interest on each of the Mortgage Loans
are timely received in order to amortize each such Mortgage Loan in
accordance with its terms,
o the Mortgage Loans have the characteristics set forth on
pages S-38 and S-39, and
o no Net Monthly Excess Cashflow will be used to make accelerated payments of
principal (i.e., Subordination Increase Amounts) to the holders of the
Offered Certificates.
The Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class A-4 and Class A-6
Certificates is the Distribution Date in the month which is 13 months after the
latest scheduled maturity date of any Mortgage Loan in the Related Loan Group.
The weighted average life of each Class of the Offered Certificates is
likely to be shorter than would be the case if payments actually made on the
Mortgage Loans conformed to the foregoing assumptions and the date on which the
final payment on any Class of Offered Certificates could occur is significantly
earlier than its respective Final Scheduled Distribution Date, because, among
other things:
o prepayments are likely to occur,
o defective Mortgage Loans may be purchased or substituted from the Trust
under certain circumstances described in this Prospectus Supplement,
o Net Monthly Excess Cash Flow may be used to make accelerated payments of
principal to holders of the Offered Certificates, and
o the Class R Optionholder, the Master Servicer or the Trustee may cause the
early termination of the Trust on or after the dates specified herein.
Weighted Average Lives of the Certificates
The "weighted average life" of an Offered Certificate refers to the
average amount of time that will elapse from the date of issuance to the date
each dollar in respect of principal of such Offered Certificate is repaid. The
weighted average lives of the Offered Certificates will be influenced by, among
other factors, the rate at which principal payments are made on the Mortgage
Loans in the Related Loan Group.
Prepayments on mortgage loans are commonly measured relative to a
prepayment standard or model. The model for the Fixed Rate Loans used in this
Prospectus Supplement is the prepayment assumption (the "Prepayment
Assumption"), which represents an assumed rate of prepayment each month relative
to the then outstanding loan balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans for the life
of such Mortgage Loans. For the Group 1 Certificates, a 100% Prepayment
Assumption assumes a constant prepayment rate ("CPR") of:
S-36
<PAGE>
o 3% per annum of the outstanding Loan Balance of the Mortgage Loans in the
Fixed Rate Group in the first month of the life of such Mortgage Loans,
o an additional 1.55% (precisely 17%/11) in each month thereafter until the
twelfth month, and
o beginning in the twelfth month and in each month thereafter during the life
of such Mortgage Loans, a CPR of 20% per annum.
For the Group 2 Certificates, prepayments on the Mortgage Loans in the
Adjustable Rate Group are modeled assuming a specified CPR percentage. As used
in the table below, 0% Prepayment Assumption assumes a prepayment rate equal to
0% of the Prepayment Assumption (i.e., no prepayments). Correspondingly, 150%
Prepayment Assumption assumes prepayment rates equal to 150% of the Prepayment
Assumption, and so forth. The Prepayment Assumption does not purport to be a
historical description of prepayment experience or a prediction of the
anticipated rate of prepayment of any pool of mortgage loans, including the
Mortgage Loans. The Depositor believes that no existing statistics of which it
is aware provide a reliable basis for holders of the Offered Certificates to
predict the amount or the timing of receipt of prepayments on the Mortgage
Loans.
Since the tables were prepared on the basis of the assumptions in the
following paragraph, there are discrepancies between characteristics of the
actual Mortgage Loans and the characteristics of the mortgage loans assumed in
preparing the tables. Any such discrepancy may have an effect upon the
percentages of the Class Certificate Balances outstanding and weighted average
lives of the Offered Certificates set forth in the tables. In addition, since
the actual Mortgage Loans in the Trust will have characteristics which differ
from those assumed in preparing the tables set forth below, distributions of
principal on the Offered Certificates may be made earlier or later than as
indicated in the tables. For example, it is very unlikely that the Mortgage
Loans in the Fixed Rate Group will prepay at the rates assumed by any level of
the Prepayment Assumption until maturity or that all of the Mortgage Loans in
the Adjustable Rate Group will prepay at a constant rate until maturity.
Moreover, the diverse remaining terms to maturity of the Mortgage Loans could
produce slower or faster principal distributions than indicated in the tables
relating to the percentage of the initial Class Certificate Balance outstanding
for each Class of the Offered Certificates at the various constant percentages
of the Prepayment Assumption specified in the tables, even if the weighted
average remaining term to maturity of the Mortgage Loans is as assumed. Any
difference between such assumptions and the actual characteristics and
performance of the Mortgage Loans, or actual prepayment or loss experience, will
affect the percentages of initial Class Certificate Balances outstanding over
time and the weighted average lives of the Offered Certificates.
The tables set forth below have been prepared on the basis of certain
assumptions, including the assumptions that:
1. the Mortgage Loans consist of assumed mortgage loans
having the characteristics set forth in the second and
third tables below,
2. the Closing Date is January 21, 1999,
3. distributions on the Certificates are made on the 25th day of each
month regardless of the day on which the Distribution Date actually
occurs, commencing in February 1999, in accordance with the
priorities described herein,
4. all prepayments are prepayments in full and include 30
days' interest thereon,
5. no early termination of the Trust occurs, unless
specifically stated in the applicable table,
S-37
<PAGE>
6. the "Specified Subordinated Amounts" (as defined under "Credit
Enhancement--Overcollateralization Provisions") are set initially as
specified by the Certificate Insurer, and thereafter decrease as
permitted by the Certificate Insurer,
7. no Mortgage Loan is ever delinquent or experiences losses,
8. the assumed interest rate indices are as follows:
o One-Month LIBOR 5.000%
o Six-Month LIBOR 5.005%
o One-Year CMT 4.493%
o Three-Year CMT 4.689%
9. the initial Class Certificate Balance and Pass-Through Rate of each
Class of Certificates are as set forth on the cover page of this
Prospectus Supplement or as described in this Prospectus Supplement,
10. the Mortgage Rate for each Mortgage Loan in the Adjustable Rate Group
is adjusted on its next Adjustment Date (and on subsequent Adjustment
Dates, if necessary) to equal the sum of:
o the assumed constant level of the applicable Mortgage Index,
and
o the respective gross margin (such sum being subject to the
applicable periodic adjustment cap, maximum Mortgage Rate and
minimum Mortgage Rate (which minimum Mortgage Rate will
generally equal the initial coupon), if any), and
11. all Mortgage Loans pay on their respective due dates in accordance
with their respective terms.
Prepayment Scenarios
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed Rate Group(1)..............0% 50% 100% 115% 150% 200%
Adjustable Rate Group(2).........0% 15% 25% 28% 35% 50%
- ---------------
(1)...As a percentage of the Prepayment Assumption.
(2)...CPR.
</TABLE>
Fixed Rate Group
Remaining Original Original
Amortization Amortization Balloon
Outstanding Gross Term Term Term
Balance ($) Coupon(%) (in months) (in months) (in months)
- ----------- --------- ----------- ----------- -----------
$ 1,786,282.43 .......... 11.297 115 120 N/A
33,016,324.52........... 11.508 175 180 N/A
16,831,779.16........... 11.399 235 240 N/A
55,153,203.09........... 11.270 355 360 N/A
73,212,502.23........... 11.185 355 360 180
S-38
<PAGE>
Adjustable Rate Group
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Original Initial
Remaining Original Balloon Periodic Periodic Reset
Gross Amortization Amortization Term Gross Adjustment Adjustment Months to Frequency
Outstanding Coupon Term Term (in Margin Maximum Cap Cap Next Rate (in
Balance ($) (%) (in months) (in months) months) Index (%) Rate (%) % % Adjustment months)
- ----------- ------- ----------- ----------- ------- ----- ------ --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$336,092.02 9.800 351 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 5.375 15.800 2.000 2.000 4 6
$47,963.70 10.750 358 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 7.900 16.750 3.000 1.000 33 6
$82,251.48 9.270 348 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 4.750 16.270 1.000 1.000 1 12
$220,893.53 10.042 348 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.066 16.042 2.000 2.000 2 12
$1,129,156.34 9.375 337 348 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.945 15.375 2.000 2.000 3 12
$1,138,757.83 9.121 352 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 5.925 15.214 2.504 2.000 4 12
$3,302,590.11 9.321 354 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.322 15.321 2.138 2.000 5 12
$3,266,086.99 9.370 354 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.959 15.414 2.000 1.921 6 12
$3,220,665.27 9.331 355 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.725 15.422 2.000 2.000 7 12
$3,378,580.22 9.546 356 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.871 15.716 2.061 2.000 8 12
$2,158,657.60 9.538 356 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.803 15.608 2.167 2.000 9 12
$1,859,350.85 9.720 358 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 7.058 15.714 2.000 2.000 10 12
$892,292.27 10.803 355 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.734 15.716 2.151 2.000 19 12
$2,459,110.68 8.759 353 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 5.261 14.578 2.091 2.000 29 12
$2,420,582.88 9.181 355 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.216 15.181 2.422 2.000 31 12
$2,317,254.10 8.815 356 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.348 14.815 2.360 1.846 32 12
$3,524,187.56 11.038 354 360 N/A 1 Year CMT 6.996 17.038 2.000 2.000 54 12
$57,600.00 10.650 360 360 180 1 Year CMT 5.650 16.650 2.000 2.000 1 12
$193,246.44 9.380 352 360 180 1 Year CMT 5.882 15.380 2.000 2.000 3 12
$344,404.09 10.044 352 360 180 1 Year CMT 6.489 16.044 2.000 2.000 5 12
$76,203.14 10.700 350 360 180 1 Year CMT 6.750 16.700 2.000 2.000 6 12
$459,078.99 8.436 354 360 N/A 3 Year CMT 5.913 14.521 2.000 2.000 30 12
$2,523,654.49 8.773 352 360 N/A 3 Year CMT 4.833 14.773 2.267 1.787 29 36
$128,728.08 10.601 355 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.494 16.183 1.582 1.000 3 6
$55,834.59 11.750 352 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 8.550 16.750 1.000 1.000 4 6
$55,234.61 11.750 359 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.500 17.750 1.000 1.000 5 6
$433,199.98 10.646 348 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.037 16.929 2.000 1.377 8 6
$1,863,727.20 10.380 339 351 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.058 16.411 2.453 1.000 13 6
$4,529,715.29 9.774 347 356 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.046 15.774 2.883 1.000 15 6
$10,146,776.86 10.094 352 359 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.515 16.094 2.924 1.046 16 6
$22,721,895.11 10.016 355 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.363 16.000 2.824 1.017 17 6
$21,936,961.91 10.260 355 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.533 16.251 2.632 1.005 18 6
$17,220,690.40 10.441 355 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.543 16.423 2.364 1.009 19 6
$22,565,479.87 10.442 356 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.082 16.435 2.557 1.005 20 6
$18,458,541.36 10.672 356 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.273 16.661 2.567 1.018 21 6
$13,765,254.05 10.523 358 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.366 16.458 2.493 1.000 22 6
$8,814,937.22 10.343 358 359 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.690 16.343 2.785 1.000 23 6
$2,311,070.45 9.961 353 357 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.289 15.982 2.305 1.021 27 6
$3,261,338.07 10.231 356 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.209 16.233 3.000 1.000 30 6
$8,067,679.19 10.014 357 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.632 16.009 3.005 1.000 31 6
$12,393,455.07 9.831 357 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.579 15.809 3.000 1.003 32 6
$3,935,545.45 10.245 356 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.831 16.245 3.000 1.000 33 6
$1,605,297.73 10.945 358 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.643 16.945 2.960 1.000 34 6
$125,356.87 11.320 352 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 7.302 17.320 2.000 2.000 53 6
$238,187.07 9.936 357 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.075 15.936 2.000 2.000 7 12
$62,282.95 10.850 355 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 8.750 16.850 3.000 1.000 19 12
$176,899.84 10.400 350 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.150 16.400 2.000 2.000 2 12
$537,128.83 8.676 333 338 N/A 6M LIBOR 5.266 14.676 2.319 2.000 30 12
$318,667.61 10.770 358 360 N/A 6M LIBOR 6.477 17.306 2.000 2.000 11 12
$116,068.38 11.100 308 360 180 6M LIBOR 5.450 18.100 2.000 1.000 8 6
$2,095,298.66 9.013 354 360 180 6M LIBOR 5.620 14.595 3.000 1.000 15 6
$1,674,066.69 9.638 355 360 180 6M LIBOR 6.414 15.638 3.000 1.000 16 6
$2,570,104.22 9.742 357 360 180 6M LIBOR 6.041 15.742 3.000 1.000 17 6
$1,667,033.02 10.123 357 360 180 6M LIBOR 7.236 16.123 3.000 1.000 20 6
$978,435.16 10.389 355 360 180 6M LIBOR 7.761 16.467 3.000 1.000 32 6
$2,884,518.49 9.672 350 360 180 6M LIBOR 6.191 15.882 3.000 1.000 13 6
</TABLE>
The following tables set forth the percentages of the initial Class
Certificate Balance of the Offered Certificates that would be outstanding after
the Distribution Date in each of the months shown, based on prepayment scenarios
described in the table entitled "Prepayment Scenarios". The percentages have
been rounded to the nearest 1%.
The weighted average life of each indicated Class of Offered Certificates has
been determined by:
o multiplying the amount of each principal payment by the
number of years from the date of issuance to the related
Distribution Date,
o adding the results, and
o dividing the sum by the initial respective Class Certificate
Balance for the related Offered Certificates as of the Closing
Date.
S-39
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-1 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 88 69 51 45 32 13
January 2001... 82 43 9 0 0 0
January 2002... 79 24 0 0 0 0
January 2003... 76 7 0 0 0 0
January 2004... 72 0 0 0 0 0
January 2005... 69 0 0 0 0 0
January 2006... 65 0 0 0 0 0
January 2007... 61 0 0 0 0 0
January 2008... 58 0 0 0 0 0
January 2009... 53 0 0 0 0 0
January 2010... 48 0 0 0 0 0
January 2011... 43 0 0 0 0 0
January 2012... 36 0 0 0 0 0
January 2013... 29 0 0 0 0 0
January 2014... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 9.1 2.0 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.6
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 9.1 2.0 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.6
- ---------------
(1) To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-40
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-2 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2001... 100 100 100 99 60 10
January 2002... 100 100 62 43 5 0
January 2003... 100 100 27 9 0 0
January 2004... 100 86 1 0 0 0
January 2005... 100 64 0 0 0 0
January 2006... 100 47 0 0 0 0
January 2007... 100 37 0 0 0 0
January 2008... 100 27 0 0 0 0
January 2009... 100 16 0 0 0 0
January 2010... 100 5 0 0 0 0
January 2011... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2012... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2013... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2014... 27 0 0 0 0 0
January 2015... 22 0 0 0 0 0
January 2016... 16 0 0 0 0 0
January 2017... 9 0 0 0 0 0
January 2018... 2 0 0 0 0 0
January 2019... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 15.3 7.4 3.5 3.0 2.3 1.7
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 15.3 7.4 3.5 3.0 2.3 1.7
- ---------------
(1) To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-41
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-3 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2001... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2002... 100 100 100 100 100 0
January 2003... 100 100 100 100 28 0
January 2004... 100 100 100 56 0 0
January 2005... 100 100 54 12 0 0
January 2006... 100 100 19 0 0 0
January 2007... 100 100 9 0 0 0
January 2008... 100 100 0 0 0 0
January 2009... 100 100 0 0 0 0
January 2010... 100 100 0 0 0 0
January 2011... 100 86 0 0 0 0
January 2012... 100 60 0 0 0 0
January 2013... 100 36 0 0 0 0
January 2014... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2015... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2016... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2017... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2018... 100 0 0 0 0 0
January 2019... 89 0 0 0 0 0
January 2020... 77 0 0 0 0 0
January 2021... 63 0 0 0 0 0
January 2022... 48 0 0 0 0 0
January 2023... 32 0 0 0 0 0
January 2024... 13 0 0 0 0 0
January 2025... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 22.8 13.4 6.4 5.2 3.8 2.5
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 22.8 13.4 6.4 5.2 3.8 2.5
- ---------------
(1) To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-42
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-4 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2001... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2002... 100 100 100 100 100 98
January 2003... 100 100 100 100 100 38
January 2004... 100 100 100 100 74 7
January 2005... 100 100 100 100 47 0
January 2006... 100 100 100 84 32 0
January 2007... 100 100 100 79 32 0
January 2008... 100 100 92 65 27 0
January 2009... 100 100 75 51 18 0
January 2010... 100 100 59 39 11 0
January 2011... 100 100 46 29 6 0
January 2012... 100 100 35 20 2 0
January 2013... 100 100 25 13 0 0
January 2014... 100 55 6 1 0 0
January 2015... 100 47 3 0 0 0
January 2016... 100 40 1 0 0 0
January 2017... 100 33 0 0 0 0
January 2018... 100 26 0 0 0 0
January 2019... 100 21 0 0 0 0
January 2020... 100 17 0 0 0 0
January 2021... 100 13 0 0 0 0
January 2022... 100 10 0 0 0 0
January 2023... 100 7 0 0 0 0
January 2024... 100 4 0 0 0 0
January 2025... 92 2 0 0 0 0
January 2026... 70 0 0 0 0 0
January 2027... 45 0 0 0 0 0
January 2028... 15 0 0 0 0 0
January 2029... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 27.8 17.3 12.0 10.4 7.1 3.9
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 27.5 14.6 8.8 7.5 5.5 3.7
- ---------------
(1 To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-43
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-5 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2001... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2002... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2003... 99 94 90 88 85 79
January 2004... 98 89 81 78 72 63
January 2005... 97 79 66 62 53 41
January 2006... 94 70 52 47 36 22
January 2007... 87 47 24 20 15 11
January 2008... 79 31 11 8 4 4
January 2009... 71 20 5 3 1 0
January 2010... 63 13 2 1 0 0
January 2011... 54 8 1 0 0 0
January 2012... 46 5 0 0 0 0
January 2013... 37 3 0 0 0 0
January 2014... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 11.8 8.1 6.8 6.6 6.2 5.7
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 11.8 8.1 6.7 6.3 5.3 3.8
- ---------------
(1) To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-44
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-6 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 94 74 61 57 48 28
January 2001... 90 60 42 37 26 4
January 2002... 90 60 41 37 26 4
January 2003... 90 54 34 29 20 4
January 2004... 90 48 26 21 13 3
January 2005... 90 42 20 15 8 1
January 2006... 90 35 15 11 5 0
January 2007... 90 30 11 8 3 0
January 2008... 90 25 8 6 2 0
January 2009... 90 21 6 4 1 0
January 2010... 90 17 4 3 0 0
January 2011... 90 15 3 2 0 0
January 2012... 90 12 2 1 0 0
January 2013... 90 10 1 0 0 0
January 2014... 90 8 1 0 0 0
January 2015... 90 7 0 0 0 0
January 2016... 90 5 0 0 0 0
January 2017... 87 4 0 0 0 0
January 2018... 83 4 0 0 0 0
January 2019... 78 3 0 0 0 0
January 2020... 73 2 0 0 0 0
January 2021... 67 1 0 0 0 0
January 2022... 60 1 0 0 0 0
January 2023... 53 1 0 0 0 0
January 2024... 46 0 0 0 0 0
January 2025... 38 0 0 0 0 0
January 2026... 29 0 0 0 0 0
January 2027... 19 0 0 0 0 0
January 2028... 8 0 0 0 0 0
January 2029... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 22.4 5.9 3.3 2.8 2.0 0.9
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 22.2 5.6 3.0 2.6 1.8 0.8
- ---------------
(1) To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-45
<PAGE>
Percentage of Initial Class A-7 Certificate Balance Outstanding
Dates Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Scenario 6
- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Initial........ 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2000... 100 100 100 100 100 100
January 2001... 99 79 68 65 61 62
January 2002... 97 35 18 16 15 28
January 2003... 95 13 4 3 1 9
January 2004... 92 5 1 0 0 0
January 2005... 89 0 0 0 0 0
January 2006... 86 0 0 0 0 0
January 2007... 82 0 0 0 0 0
January 2008... 78 0 0 0 0 0
January 2009... 73 0 0 0 0 0
January 2010... 68 0 0 0 0 0
January 2011... 62 0 0 0 0 0
January 2012... 55 0 0 0 0 0
January 2013... 48 0 0 0 0 0
January 2014... 20 0 0 0 0 0
January 2015... 11 0 0 0 0 0
January 2016... 1 0 0 0 0 0
January 2017... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average
Life (years)(1): 12.1 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5
Weighted Average
Life (years)(2): 12.1 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5
- ---------------
(1) To maturity.
(2) This assumes that the optional termination is exercised by the Class R
Optionholder on the Optional Termination Date.
S-46
<PAGE>
Payment Lag Feature of Certain Certificates
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement dated as of January 1,
1999 (the "Pooling and Servicing Agreement"), among the Depositor, the Seller,
the Master Servicer and the Trustee, interest on the Group 1 Certificates and
the Class A-7 Certificates accrues during the calendar month immediately
preceding the month in which the related Distribution Date occurs. Distribution
Dates occur on the 25th day of each month (or, if such day is not a Business
Day, on the next Business Day) commencing in February 1999. Thus, the effective
yield to the holders of such Certificates will be below that otherwise produced
by the related Pass-Through Rate because distributions to holders of such
Certificates in respect of any given month will not be made until on or after
the 25th day of the following month.
THE DEPOSITOR, THE SELLER AND THE MASTER SERVICER
For a general discussion of the Depositor, the Seller and the Master
Servicer, see "The Depositor", "The Seller" and "The Master Servicer" in the
Prospectus. The Master Servicer does not currently perform primary servicing for
mortgage loans.
SUBSERVICERS
The Depositor anticipates that Companion Servicing Company, L.L.C., will
initially subservice 5,218 of the Mortgage Loans representing 90.38% of the
Original Pool Principal Balance pursuant to a subservicing agreement with the
Master Servicer. In addition, the Depositor anticipates that Fairbanks Capital
Corp. will initially subservice 570 of the Mortgage Loans representing 9.62% of
the Original Pool Principal Balance pursuant to a subservicing agreement with
the Master Servicer. See "Subservicers" in this Prospectus Supplement. However,
the Master Servicer is permitted by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to enter
into a subservicing agreement with any other subservicer which either:
1. o has been designated an approved seller-servicer by FHLMC or FNMA, and
o has equity of at least $1,500,000, as determined in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles; or
2. o is controlling, controlled by or under common control with the
Master Servicer, or is 50% or more owned by the Master Servicer, and
o is qualified to service residential mortgage loans.
Companion Servicing Company
Companion Servicing Company, L.L.C. ("CSC"), a Georgia limited liability
company, was formed on August 14, 1996 under the laws of the State of Georgia.
CSC was formed essentially from the servicing fixed assets and servicing
employees of NF Investments, Inc. CSC is 50% owned by NCS Mortgage Services,
L.L.C. and 50% by W.D. Everitt, Jr., a Georgia resident. H&R Block, Inc., the
parent of the Master Servicer, owns 40% of NCS Mortgage Services, L.L.C. CSC is
a FNMA/FHLMC approved seller/servicer which is actively engaged in the servicing
of various financial instruments, including first and second lien mortgage
loans. CSC services several securitized and whole loan portfolios comprised of
single-family mortgage products. CSC's corporate offices are located at 1669
Phoenix Parkway, Suite 100, Atlanta, Georgia 30349. CSC commenced mortgage
servicing operations in 1996 and since then has managed and serviced third-party
mortgage loan portfolios.
S-47
<PAGE>
The information contained herein with regard to CSC has been provided to
the Depositor, or compiled from information provided to the Depositor, by CSC.
None of the Depositor, the Trustee, the Master Servicer, the Certificate Insurer
or any of their respective affiliates has made any independent investigation of
such information or has made or will make any representation as to the accuracy
or completeness of such information.
Delinquency and Loss Experience. The following tables set
forth certain information relating to:
o the delinquency experience (including foreclosures in
progress and bankruptcies) at the end of the indicated
periods, and
o the loan loss experience for the indicated periods
of one- to four-family residential mortgage loans included in CSC's servicing
portfolio of non-conforming mortgage loans originated under the guidelines
described in "The Primary Asset Program--Underwriting Procedures" in the
Prospectus (which portfolio does not include mortgage loans that are subserviced
for persons other than the Master Servicer). CSC did not service any such
mortgage loans prior to 1996. Prior to mid-1997, CSC serviced loans in the name
of NF Investments, Inc. Accordingly, previously reported statistics for NF
Investments, Inc. have been presented as historical data for CSC. The indicated
periods of delinquency are based on the number of days past due on a contractual
basis.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Delinquencies and Foreclosures
(Dollars in Thousands)
At December 31, 1996 At December 31, 1997
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
By No. By Percent Percent By No. By Percent Percent
of Dollar by No. by Dollar of Dollar by No. by Dollar
Loans Amount of Loans Amount Loans Amount of Loans Amount
----- ------- -------- --------- ----- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Total portfolio 2,079 $108,223 N/A N/A 7,062 $381,299 N/A N/A
===== ======= ===== ========
Period of delinquency
31-59 days 40 $ 2,299 1.92% 2.12% 211 $ 10,952 2.99% 2.87%
60-89 days 10 609 0.48 0.56 108 6,650 1.53 1.74
90 days or more 18 408 0.87 0.38 185 11,982 2.62 3.14
----- ------- ------- ------ ----- -------- ------ ------
Total delinquent loans(1) 68 $ 3,316 3.27% 3.06% 504 $29,584 7.14% 7.76%
===== ======= ======= ====== ===== ======== ====== ======
Loans in foreclosure 10 $ 716 0.48% 0.66% 146 $ 8,575 2.07% 2.25%
===== ======= ======= ====== ===== ======== ====== ======
At December 31, 1996
-----------------------------------
By No. By Percent Percent
of Dollar by No. by Dollar
Loans Amount of Loans Amount
------ ------- -------- ---------
Total portfolio 14,980 $939,383 N/A N/A
====== =======
Period of delinquency
31-59 days 1,022 $ 65,800 6.82% 7.00%
60-89 days 379 25,850 2.53 2.75
90 days or more 816 52,635 5.45 5.60
------ ------- ------- ------
Total delinquent loans(1) 2,217 $144,285 14.80% 15.36%
====== ======= ======= ======
Loans in foreclosure 362 $ 24,106 2.42% 2.57%
====== ======= ======= ======
</TABLE>
- ----------------------
(1) Includes loans in foreclosure.
S-48
<PAGE>
Real Estate Owned
(Dollars in Thousands)
At December 31, 1996 At December 31, 1997
-------------------------- -------------------------
By No. By By No. By
of Loans Dollar Amount of Loans Dollar Amount
-------- ------------- -------- -------------
Total portfolio 2,079 $108,223 7,062 $381,299
Foreclosed loans(1) 2 140 26 1,863
Foreclosure ratio(2) 0.10% 0.13% 0.37% 0.49%
At December 31, 1998
--------------------------
By No. By
of Loans Dollar Amount
-------- -------------
Total portfolio 14,980 $939,383
Foreclosed loans(1) 111 8,052
Foreclosure ratio(2) 0.74% 0.86%
- ---------------
(1)For the purposes of these tables, foreclosed loans means the principal
balance of mortgage loans secured by mortgaged properties the title to which
has been acquired by CSC, by investors or by an insurer following foreclosure
or delivery of a deed in lieu of foreclosure.
(2)The foreclosure ratio is equal to the aggregate principal balance or number
of foreclosed loans divided by the aggregate principal balance or number, as
applicable, of mortgage loans in the total portfolio at the end of the
indicated period.
Loan Loss Experience on CSC's
Servicing Portfolio of Mortgage Loans
(Dollars in Thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------
1996 1997 1998
---- ---- ----
Total portfolio (1) $108,223 $381,299 $939,383
Gross losses (2) 0 417 4,490
Recoveries (3) 0 300 3,298
-------- -------- --------
Net losses (4) $ 0 $ 117 $ 1,192
======== ======== ========
Annualized net losses
as a percentage of N/A 0.03% 0.13%
total portfolio
- ----------
(1) Aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans outstanding on the last
day of the period.
(2) Actual losses incurred on liquidated properties for each respective period.
Losses are calculated after repayment of all principal, foreclosure costs
and accrued interest to the date of liquidation.
(3) Recoveries from liquidation proceeds and deficiency judgments.
(4) Gross losses minus recoveries.
Fairbanks Capital Corp.
Fairbanks Capital Corp. ("Fairbanks"), a Utah corporation, was formed on
February 24, 1989. Fairbanks is a FNMA approved seller/servicer and a FHLMC
approved servicer which is engaged in the servicing of first and second lien
mortgage loans. Fairbanks' corporate offices are located at 3815 South West
Temple, P.O. Box 65250, Salt Lake City, Utah 84165-0250. Fairbanks commenced
mortgage servicing operations in 1989 for its own account and since 1994 has
managed and serviced third-party mortgage loan portfolios. Prior to 1998,
Fairbanks primarily serviced portfolios of non-performing or delinquent
residential mortgage loans.
S-49
<PAGE>
The information contained herein with regard to Fairbanks has been
provided to the Depositor, or compiled from information provided to the
Depositor, by Fairbanks. None of the Depositor, the Trustee, the Master
Servicer, the Certificate Insurer or any of their respective affiliates has made
any independent investigation of such information or has made or will make any
representation as to the accuracy or completeness of such information.
Delinquency and Loss Experience. The following tables set forth certain
information relating to:
o the delinquency experience (including foreclosures in progress and
bankruptcies) as of the end of indicated period, and
o the loan loss experience for the indicated period
of those portfolios of one- to four- family residential mortgage loans that
consisted primarily of performing loans at the time Fairbanks began servicing
such loans. Fairbanks did not service any such portfolios prior to 1998. The
indicated periods of delinquency are based on the number of days past due on a
contractual basis.
Delinquencies and Foreclosures
At December 31, 1998
-----------------------------------
By No. By Percent Percent
of Dollar by No. by Dollar
Loans Amount of Loans Amount
------ ------- -------- ---------
Total portfolio 7,575 $416,970 N/A N/A
====== =======
Period of delinquency
31-59 days 306 $ 19,222 4.04% 4.61%
60-89 days 81 4,579 1.07 1.10
90 days or more 216 13,596 2.85 3.26
------ ------- ------- ------
Total delinquent loans(1) 603 $ 37,397 7.96% 8.97%
====== ======= ======= ======
Loans in foreclosure 118 $ 7,409 1.56% 1.78%
====== ======= ======= ======
- ---------------
(1) Includes loans in foreclosure.
S-50
<PAGE>
Real Estate Owned
(Dollars in Thousands)
At December 31, 1998
---------------------------
By No. By
of Loans Dollar Amount
-------- -------------
Total portfolio............. 7,575 $416,970
Foreclosed loans (1)........ 20 1,265
Foreclosure ratio (2)....... 0.26% 0.30%
- ---------------
(1) For the purposes of these tables, foreclosed loans means the principal
balance of mortgage loans secured by mortgaged properties the title to which
has been acquired by Fairbanks, by investors or by an insurer following
foreclosure or delivery of a deed in lieu of foreclosure.
(2) The foreclosure ratio is equal to the aggregate principal balance or number
of foreclosed loans divided by the aggregate principal balance or number, as
applicable, of mortgage loans in the total portfolio at the end of the
indicated period.
Loan Loss Experience on Fairbanks'
Servicing Portfolio of Mortgage Loans
(Dollars in Thousands)
Year Ended
December 31, 1998
-----------------
Total portfolio (1).............. $416,970
Gross losses (2)................. 95
Recoveries (3)................... 71
--------
Net losses (4)................... $ 24
Annualized net losses as a ========
percentage of total portfolio...
- --------------
(1) Aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans outstanding on the last
day of the period.
(2) Actual losses incurred on liquidated properties for each respective period.
Losses are calculated after repayment of all principal, foreclosure costs
and accrued interest to the date of liquidation.
(3) Recoveries from liquidation proceeds and deficiency judgments.
(4) Gross losses minus recoveries.
Subservicer Delinquency and Loss Experience May Not Be Applicable to Mortgage
Pool
It is unlikely that the delinquency experience of the Mortgage Loans
comprising the Mortgage Pool will correspond to the delinquency experience of
the Subservicers' mortgage portfolios set forth in the foregoing tables. The
statistics shown above represent the delinquency experience of the Subservicers'
mortgage servicing portfolios only for the periods presented, whereas the
aggregate delinquency experience on the Mortgage Loans comprising the Mortgage
Pool will depend on the results obtained over the life of the Mortgage Pool.
There can be no assurance that the Mortgage Loans comprising the Mortgage Pool
will perform in a manner consistent with the delinquency or foreclosure
experience of the Subservicers' mortgage servicing portfolios described in this
Prospectus Supplement. It should be noted that if the residential real estate
market should experience an overall decline in property values, the actual rates
of delinquencies and foreclosures could be higher than those previously
experienced by the Subservicers. In addition, adverse economic conditions or
other factors may affect the timely payment by Mortgagors of scheduled payments
of principal and interest on the Mortgage Loans and, accordingly, the actual
rates of delinquencies and foreclosures with respect to the Mortgage Pool.
S-51
<PAGE>
FORMATION OF THE TRUST AND THE TRUST PROPERTY
The Trust will be created and established pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement on the Closing Date. On such date, the Seller will convey
the Mortgage Loans to the Depositor without recourse (except as otherwise
provided herein), the Depositor will convey the Mortgage Loans to the Trust
without recourse and the Trust will issue the Offered Certificates and the Class
R Certificates.
The property of the Trust will include:
o the Mortgage Loans (other than scheduled monthly payments due on the
Actuarial Loans on or before the Cut-off Date) together with the related
Mortgage Loan documents and the Seller's and Depositor's interest in any
Mortgaged Property which secures a Mortgage Loan and all payments thereon and
proceeds of the conversion, voluntary or involuntary, of the foregoing,
o such amounts as may be held by the Trustee in the Distribution Account and
such amounts as may be held by the Master Servicer in the name of the Trustee
in the Collection Account, in each case exclusive of investment earnings
thereon (except as otherwise provided) whether in the form of cash,
instruments, securities or other properties,
o the two certificate guaranty insurance policies relating to the Offered
Certificates (the "Certificate Insurance Policies"), and
o proceeds of all the foregoing (including, but not by way of limitation, all
proceeds of any hazard insurance and title insurance policies relating to
the Mortgage Loans, cash proceeds, accounts, accounts receivable, notes,
drafts, acceptances, chattel paper, checks, deposit accounts, rights to
payment of any and every kind, and other forms of obligations and
receivables which at any time constitute all, part of or are included in the
proceeds of, any of the foregoing) to pay the Certificates as specified in
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Offered Certificates will not represent an interest in or an
obligation of, nor will the Mortgage Loans be guaranteed or insured by:
o the Depositor,
o the Seller,
o the Master Servicer,
o the Trustee, or
o any of their affiliates.
For federal income tax purposes, an election will be made to treat the
Trust as a REMIC. The assets of the REMIC will generally consist of the Mortgage
Loans.
Prior to its formation the Trust will have had no assets or obligations.
Upon formation, the Trust will not engage in any business activity other than
acquiring, holding and collecting payments on the Mortgage Loans and other
property of the Trust, issuing the Certificates and distributing payments on the
Certificates. To the extent that borrowers make scheduled payments under the
Mortgage Loans, the Trust will have sufficient liquidity to make distributions
on the Certificates. As the Trust does not have any operating history and will
not engage in any business activity other than issuing the Certificates and
making distributions on the Certificates, there has not been included any
historical or pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges with respect to the
Trust.
S-52
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
The following summary describes certain terms of the Offered Certificates
and the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Reference is made to the accompanying
Prospectus for important additional information regarding the terms of the
Offered Certificates and the underlying documents. A form of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement
of which the Prospectus forms a part. The summary does not describe all of the
terms of the Offered Certificates and is subject to, and is qualified in its
entirety by reference to, the provisions of the Certificates and the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. Where particular provisions or terms used in any of such
documents are referred to, the actual provisions (including definitions of
terms) are incorporated by reference as part of such summary.
Certificate Classes and Pass-Through Rates
The Block Mortgage Finance Asset Backed Certificates, Series 1999-1 (the
"Certificates") will be issued in the following Classes (each, a "Class") with
the following pass-through rates (each, a "Pass-Through Rate"):
Initial
Pass-Through Certificate
Class Rate Balance(1)
----- ------------ ------------
A-1 5.94% $ 82,000,000
A-2 6.00% $ 45,000,000
A-3 6.21% $ 17,000,000
A-4 6.60%(2) $ 18,000,000
A-5 6.19%(2) $ 18,000,000
A-6 (3) $165,000,000
A-7 5.83% $ 55,000,000
(1) The aggregate Initial Class Certificate Balance of the Class A Certificates
will be subject to a permitted variance in the aggregate of plus or minus
5%.
(2) 0.75% will be added to the Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-4 and Class A-5
Certificates after the Optional Termination Date.
(3) On each Distribution Date, the Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-6
Certificates will be equal to the lesser of:
o One-Month LIBOR, plus
(a) 0.49% on or prior to the Optional Termination Date, or
(b) 0.98% after the Optional Termination Date
(such percentages, the "Adjustable Rate Margin"), and
o the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates on the Mortgage Loans in the
Adjustable Rate Group as of the first day of the related Due Period
(taking into account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net
Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments received during the
S-53
<PAGE>
immediately preceding Prepayment Period and, with respect to the Actuarial
Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group, scheduled monthly payments due during
the prior Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the prior
Determination Date), less the sum of:
(a) the Servicing Fee Rate,
(b) the Trustee Fee Rate,
(c) the combined rate at which the premiums payable with respect to the
Certificate Insurance Policies are calculated (the "Insurance Premium
Rate"), and
(d) commencing on the seventh Distribution Date, 0.50%
(such net weighted average, the "Available Funds Cap").
With respect to either Loan Group, the sum of the Servicing Fee Rate, the
Trustee Fee Rate and the Insurance Premium Rate will be approximately 0.735% per
annum. The Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates
are collectively referred to herein as the "Group 1 Certificates". The Class A-6
Certificates and the Class A-7 Certificates are collectively referred to herein
as the "Group 2 Certificates". The Group 1 Certificates and the Group 2
Certificates are each referred to herein as a "Certificate Group". The Group 1
Certificates and Group 2 Certificates are collectively referred to herein as the
"Class A Certificates". Only the Class A Certificates are offered hereby (the
"Offered Certificates"). On any date after the Closing Date, the "Class
Certificate Balance" of a specific Class is the "Initial Class Certificate
Balance" for such Class as set forth on the cover page hereof, less all amounts
previously distributed to such Class of Class A Certificates on account of
principal.
The Trust will also issue Class R Certificates which represent the
residual interest in the Trust (the "Class R Certificates").
Investment of Amounts on Deposit in the Collection Account
The Master Servicer will establish and maintain on behalf of the Trustee
an account (the "Collection Account") for the benefit of the holders of the
Certificates (the "Certificateholders") and the Certificate Insurer. The
Collection Account will be an Eligible Account. Amounts deposited in the
Collection Account may be invested in Permitted Investments maturing no later
than one Business Day prior to the related Monthly Remittance Date. "Permitted
Investments" are
o Direct general obligations of, or obligations fully and unconditionally
guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by, the
United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof, provided such
obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States,
Federal Housing Administration debentures, FHLMC senior debt obligations
and FNMA senior debt obligations, but excluding any of such securities
whose terms do not provide for payment of a fixed dollar amount upon
maturity or call for redemption;
o Consolidated senior debt obligations of any Federal Home Loan Banks;
o Federal funds, certificates of deposit, time deposits and bankers'
acceptances (having original maturities of not more than 365 days) of any
domestic bank, the short-term debt obligations of which have been rated A-1
or better by S&P and P-1 or better by Moody's;
o Deposits of any bank or savings and loan association (the long-term deposit
rating of which is Baa3 or better by Moody's and BBB or better by S&P)
which has combined capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least
$50,000,000 and which deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation ("FDIC") and held up to the limits insured by the FDIC;
S-54
<PAGE>
o Investment agreements approved by the Certificate Insurer, subject to the
limitations set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
o Repurchase agreements collateralized by securities described in (a) above
with any registered broker/dealer subject to the Securities Investors
Protection Corporation's jurisdiction and subject to applicable limits
therein promulgated by the Securities Investors Protection Corporation or
any commercial bank, if such broker/dealer or bank has an uninsured,
unsecured and unguaranteed short-term or long-term obligation rated P-1 or
Aa2, respectively, or better by Moody's and A-1+ or AA, respectively, or
better by S&P, subject to the limitations set forth in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement;
o Commercial paper (having original maturities of not more than 270 days)
rated in the highest short-term rating categories of S&P and Moody's; and
o Investments in no load money market or common trust funds rated AAAm or
AAAm-G by S&P and Aaa by Moody's.
No instrument described above may be a Permitted Investment if (a) such
instrument evidences the right to receive only interest with respect to the
obligations underlying such instrument or (b) both principal and interest
payments derived from obligations underlying such instrument and the interest
and principal payments with respect to such instrument provide a yield to
maturity greater than 120% of the yield to maturity at par of the underlying
obligations. All Permitted Investments in the Collection Account must mature at
par one Business Day prior to the next Monthly Remittance Date or be payable on
demand. All Permitted Investments in the Distribution Account must mature at par
one Business Day prior to the next Distribution Date or be payable on demand. No
instrument representing a Permitted Investment may be purchased at a price
greater than par if such instrument may be prepaid or called at a price less
than its purchase price prior to stated maturity.
An "Eligible Account" is an account that is:
o maintained with a federal or state chartered depository institution or
trust company whose short-term unsecured debt obligations at the time of
any deposit therein have the highest short-term rating by the Rating
Agencies,
o one or more accounts with a depository institution or trust company which
accounts are fully insured by either the Savings Association Insurance Fund
("SAIF") or the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") of the FDIC and the uninsured
deposits in which accounts are otherwise secured such that, as evidenced by
an opinion of counsel delivered to the Trustee, the Certificate Insurer and
to each Rating Agency, the holders of the Certificates have a claim with
respect to the funds in such account or a perfected first priority security
interest against any collateral (which shall be limited to Permitted
Investments) securing such funds that is superior to claims of any other
depositors or creditors of the depository institution or trust company in
which such account is maintained,
o a segregated trust account maintained with the Trustee or an affiliate of
the Trustee in its fiduciary capacity, or
o otherwise acceptable to the Certificate Insurer and each Rating Agency as
evidenced by a letter from the Certificate Insurer and each Rating Agency
to the Trustee, without reduction or withdrawal of their then current
ratings of the Certificates.
S-55
<PAGE>
Distribution and Record Dates
On the 25th day of each month or, if such day is not a Business Day, then
the next succeeding Business Day, commencing in February 1999 (each such day, a
"Distribution Date"), the Trustee will be required to distribute to the holders
of the Group 1 Certificates and the Class A-7 Certificates of record as of the
last day of the calendar month immediately preceding the calendar month in which
such Distribution Date occurs and to the holders of the Class A-6 Certificates
of record as of the calendar day immediately preceding such Distribution Date
(or, if Definitive Certificates are issued, the first calendar day of the month
in which such Distribution Date occurs) (each such date, the "Record Date"), to
the extent of funds available, the "Class A Distribution Amount", which shall be
the sum of (x) Current Interest and (y) the Principal Distribution Amount (each
as defined below), subject to the order of priority set forth in
"--Distributions from Distribution Account" below.
A "Business Day" is any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on
which commercial banking institutions in New York City, the States of Illinois,
Georgia, California, Utah or Missouri or in the cities in which the corporate
trust office of the Trustee is located or the principal offices of the
Certificate Issuer are located, are authorized or obligated by law or executive
order to close.
Each holder of record of the related Class of the Offered Certificates
will be entitled to receive such holder's Percentage Interest in the amounts due
such Class on such Distribution Date. The "Percentage Interest" of an Offered
Certificate as of any Distribution Date will be equal to the percentage obtained
by dividing the principal balance of the Offered Certificates as of the related
Distribution Date (prior to giving effect to distribution of principal on such
date) by the Class Certificate Balance for the related Class of the Offered
Certificates as of the related Distribution Date (prior to giving effect to
distribution of principal on such date).
Calculation of Current Interest
For each such Distribution Date, interest due with respect to the Group 1
Certificates and the Class A-7 Certificates will be interest which has accrued
on the related Class Certificate Balance during the calendar month immediately
preceding the month in which such Distribution Date occurs. The interest due
with respect to the Class A-6 Certificates will be interest which has accrued on
the related Class Certificate Balance from the preceding Distribution Date (or
from the Closing Date in the case of the first Distribution Date) to and
including the day prior to the current Distribution Date. Each such period
relating to the accrual of interest is an "Accrual Period" for the related Class
of Class A Certificates.
All calculations of interest on Group 1 Certificates and the Class A-7
Certificates will be made on the basis of a 360-day year assumed to consist of
twelve 30-day months. Calculations of interest on the Class A-6 Certificates
will be made on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in the related
Accrual Period and a year of 360 days.
Method of Paying Distributions
Distributions will be made:
o in immediately available funds to holders of Offered Certificates by wire
transfer to the account of such holders at a domestic bank or other entity
having appropriate facilities therefor, if such holders have so notified the
Trustee, or
S-56
<PAGE>
o by check mailed to the address of the person entitled thereto as it appears
on the register (the "Register") maintained by the Trustee as registrar (the
"Registrar").
Certificate Owners may experience some delay in the receipt of their payments
due to the operations of DTC.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that a Certificateholder,
upon receiving the final distribution to such Certificateholder, will be
required to send such Certificate to the Trustee. The Pooling and Servicing
Agreement additionally will provide that, in any event, any Certificate as to
which the final distribution thereon has been made shall be deemed canceled for
all purposes under or pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the
related Certificate Insurance Policies, except to the extent of a Reimbursement
Amount on such Certificate, in which case the Certificate Insurer will be
subrogated to the rights of such Certificateholder and the Certificate will not
be deemed canceled.
Deposits into Distribution Account
Upon receipt, the Trustee will be required to deposit into the
distribution account established and maintained by the Trustee in accordance
with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (the "Distribution Account") from funds
remitted by the Master Servicer:
1. o all payments on Simple Interest Loans (other than all Net Liquidation
Proceeds and Prepayments) collected during the related Due Period,
o scheduled monthly payments on Actuarial Loans due after the Cut-off
Date, or Replacement Cut-off Date, as applicable, and on or before the
end of the related Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the
related Determination Date,
o Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation Proceeds
and Prepayments collected during the related Prepayment Period, and
o Delinquency Advances and Compensating Interest payments made by the
Master Servicer, in each case, as remitted by the Master Servicer on the
Monthly Remittance Date,
but excluding in each case any amounts that are not required to be
deposited in the Collection Account as described under "The Pooling and
Servicing Agreement--Servicing and Subservicing --Deposits into Collection
Account" in this Prospectus Supplement, together with any Substitution
Adjustment and any Loan Purchase Price amount received by the Master
Servicer on the Monthly Remittance Date (the "Monthly Remittance Amount"),
2. any Insured Payment, and
3. the proceeds of any liquidation of the Trust.
Disbursements from Distribution Account
On each Distribution Date, the Trustee is required to make the following
disbursements and transfers from moneys then on deposit in the Distribution
Account as specified below in the following order of priority for each such
transfer and disbursement:
1. the Trustee shall allocate an amount equal to the sum of (x) the Total
Monthly Excess Spread with respect to such Loan Group and Distribution
Date plus (y) any Subordination Reduction
S-57
<PAGE>
Amount with respect to such Loan Group and Distribution Date (such sum
being the "Total Monthly Excess Cashflow" with respect to such Loan Group
and Distribution Date) in the following order of priority:
(A) first, such Total Monthly Excess Cashflow shall be allocated to
the payment of the Class A Distribution Amount pursuant to
clauses (3)(C) and (D) below on such Distribution Date with
respect to the Related Loan Group in an amount equal to the
amount, if any, by which:
o the Class A Distribution Amount with respect to the Related
Loan Group (determined for this purpose only by reference to
clause (2) of the definition of Principal Distribution Amount
and without any Subordination Increase Amount) for such
Distribution Date,
exceeds
o the Available Funds with respect to such Loan Group for such
Distribution Date (the amount of such difference with respect
to a Loan Group being an "Available Funds Shortfall" for such
Loan
Group);
(B) second, any portion of the Total Monthly Excess Cashflow with
respect to such Loan Group remaining after the application
described in clause (A) above shall be allocated against any
Available Funds Shortfall with respect to the other Loan Group;
(C) third, any portion of the Total Monthly Excess Cashflow with
respect to such Loan Group remaining after the allocations
described in clauses (A) and (B) above shall be paid to the
Certificate Insurer in respect of amounts owed on account of any
Reimbursement Amount owed to the Certificate Insurer with
respect to the Related Loan Group; and
(D) fourth, any portion of the Total Monthly Excess Cashflow with
respect to such Loan Group remaining after the allocations
described in clauses (A), (B) and (C) above shall be paid to the
Certificate Insurer in respect of any Reimbursement Amount with
respect to the other Loan Group;
2. the Trustee shall apply the amount, if any, of the Total Monthly Excess
Cashflow with respect to such Loan Group remaining after the allocations
described in clause (1) above (the "Net Monthly Excess Cashflow") with
respect to such Loan Group for such Distribution Date in the following
order of priority:
(A) first, such Net Monthly Excess Cashflow shall be used to reduce
to zero, through the allocation of a Subordination Increase
Amount to the payment of the Class A Distribution Amount
pursuant to clause (3)(D) below, any Subordination Deficiency
Amount (as defined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement)
with respect to such Loan Group as of such Distribution Date;
(B) second, any Net Monthly Excess Cashflow remaining after the
application described in clause (A) above shall be used to
reduce to zero, through the allocation of a Subordination
Increase Amount pursuant to clause (3)(D) below,
S-58
<PAGE>
the Subordination Deficiency Amount, if any, with respect to
the other Loan Group; and
(C) third, any Net Monthly Excess Cashflow remaining after the
applications described in clauses (A) and (B) above shall be
paid to the Master Servicer to the extent of any unreimbursed
Delinquency Advances and unreimbursed Servicing Advances; and
3. following the making by the Trustee of all allocations, transfers and
disbursements described above from amounts (including any related Insured
Payment, the proceeds of which will be applied solely to the payment of
the amount specified in clauses (C) and (D) below) then on deposit in the
Distribution Account with respect to the Related Loan Group, the Trustee
shall distribute:
(A) to the Certificate Insurer, for the related Certificate Group,
the prorated Insurance Premium determined by the relative Class
Certificate Balance of the related Classes of Offered
Certificates for such Distribution Date;
(B) to the Trustee, the Trustee Fees (as set forth in the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement) with respect to such Loan Group then
due;
(C) to the holders of the Offered Certificates of the related
Certificate Group, the related Current Interest, on a pro rata
basis without any priority among such Offered Certificates;
(D) to the holders of the related Class of Offered Certificates:
o the Principal Distribution Amount applicable to the Fixed Rate
Group shall be distributed as follows:
o first, to the holders of the Class A-5
Certificates, in an amount equal to the
Class A-5 Lockout Distribution Amount; and
o second, to the holders of the Group 1 Certificates, in
sequential order beginning with the Class A-1
Certificates, until the Class Certificate Balance of
each Class of Group 1 Certificates is reduced to zero;
o the Principal Distribution Amount applicable to the Adjustable
Rate Group shall be distributed as follows:
o first, to the holders of the Class A-7
Certificates, the Class A-7 Lockout Distribution
Amount; and
o second, to the holders of the Group 2 Certificates in
sequential order beginning with the Class A-6
Certificates, until the Class Certificate Balance of
each Class of Group 2 Certificates is reduced to zero;
(E) to the Class A-6 Certificates, the Basis Risk Carryover Amount,
if any, outstanding on such Distribution Date;
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(F) to the holders of the related Class or Classes of Offered
Certificates, any Net Prepayment Interest Shortfalls or the
interest portion of reductions due to the Relief Act incurred by
such Class or Classes of Certificates which remain outstanding
on such Distribution Date, on a pro rata basis among such
Classes of Certificates;
(G) to the Depositor and the Master Servicer to the extent of costs,
expenses and liabilities incurred with respect to certain legal
actions, subject to the limitations set forth in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement; and
(H) to the holders of the Class R Certificates, all remaining
distributable amounts as specified in the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
In the event of the continuance of a Certificate Insurer Default on any
Distribution Date:
o any amounts otherwise payable to the Certificate Insurer as Insurance
Premiums or Reimbursement Amounts shall be retained in the Distribution
Account as Total Available Funds,
o if there is a Subordination Deficit with respect to the Fixed Rate Group,
the Principal Distribution Amount for the Group 1 Certificates will be
distributed pro rata to the holders of the Group 1 Certificates then
outstanding, and
o if there is a Subordination Deficit with respect to the Adjustable Rate
Group, the Principal Distribution Amount for the Group 2 Certificates will
be distributed pro rata to the holders of the Group 2 Certificates then
outstanding.
"Available Funds" as to any Loan Group and Distribution Date is the amount
on deposit in the Distribution Account with respect to such Loan Group on such
Distribution Date (net of Total Monthly Excess Cashflow with respect to such
Loan Group) and disregarding the amounts of any Insured Payments with respect to
such Loan Group to be made on such Distribution Date and any amounts that cannot
distributed to the holders of the Offered Certificates, if any, by the Trustee
as a result of proceedings under the United States Bankruptcy Code.
"Total Available Funds" as to any Loan Group and Distribution Date is:
o the Available Funds with respect to such Loan Group on such Distribution
Date, plus
o any amounts of Total Monthly Excess Cashflow with respect to either Loan
Group to be applied on such Distribution Date to such Loan Group,
disregarding, in either case, the amount of any Insured Payment with
respect to either Loan Group to be made on such Distribution Date.
"Current Interest" with respect to each Class of Class A Certificates,
with respect to any Distribution Date, is the sum of:
o the aggregate amount of interest accrued at the related Pass-Through Rate
during the preceding Accrual Period on the Class Certificate Balance of the
related Class A Certificates immediately prior to such Distribution Date
(net of Net Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and the interest portion of
reductions due to the Relief Act allocable to such Class), plus
o the interest portion of any Preference Amount owed to the holders of such
Class as it relates to interest previously paid on such Class of the Class
A Certificates prior to such Distribution Date, plus
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o the portion of the Carry Forward Amount relating to interest, if any, with
respect to such Class of Class A Certificates (net of Net Prepayment
Interest Shortfalls and the interest portion of reductions due to the
Relief Act allocable to such Class).
The "Carry Forward Amount" with respect to any Class of the Class A
Certificates for any Distribution Date is the sum of:
o the amount, if any, by which the Class A Distribution Amount allocable to
such Class on the preceding Distribution Date exceeded the amount of the
actual distribution made to the holders of such Class of Class A
Certificates on such preceding Distribution Date, plus
o 30 days' interest on such amount, calculated at the related Pass-Through
Rate in effect with respect to such Class of Class A Certificates.
The "Class A-5 Lockout Distribution Amount" for any Distribution Date will
be the lesser of:
o the product of (1) the applicable Class A-5 Lockout Percentage for such
Distribution Date and (2) the Class A-5 Lockout Pro Rata Distribution
Amount for such Distribution Date, and
o the Class Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates.
The "Class A-5 Lockout Percentage" for each Distribution Date shall be as
follows:
Distribution Dates Lockout Percentages
------------------ -------------------
February 1999--January 2002 0%
February 2002--January 2004 45%
February 2004--January 2005 80%
February 2005--January 2006 100%
February 2006 and thereafter 300%
The "Class A-5 Lockout Pro Rata Distribution Amount" for any Distribution
Date will be an amount equal to the product of:
o a fraction, the numerator of which is the Class Certificate Balance of the
Class A-5 Certificates immediately prior to such Distribution Date and the
denominator of which is the aggregate Class Certificate Balance of all
Classes of the Group 1 Certificates immediately prior to such Distribution
Date, and
o the Principal Distribution Amount for the Group 1 Certificates for such
Distribution Date.
The "Class A-7 Lockout Distribution Amount" for any Distribution Date will
be the lesser of:
o the product of (1) the applicable Class A-7 Lockout Percentage for such
Distribution Date and (2) the Class A-7 Lockout Pro Rata Distribution
Amount for such Distribution Date, and
o the Class Certificate Balance of the Class A-7 Certificates.
The "Class A-7 Lockout Percentage" for each Distribution Date shall be as
follows:
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Distribution Dates Lockout Percentages
------------------ -------------------
February 1999--August 2000 0%
September 2000--January 2004 500%
February 2004 and thereafter 100%
The "Class A-7 Lockout Pro Rata Distribution Amount" for any Distribution
Date:
o occurring prior to February 2004, will be an amount equal to the product of
(x) a fraction, the numerator of which is the Class Certificate Balance of
the Class A-7 Certificates immediately prior to such Distribution Date and
thc denominator of which is the aggregate Class Certificate Balance of all
Classes of the Group 2 Certificates immediately prior to such Distribution
Date and (y) the Principal Distribution Amount for the Group 2 Certificates
for such Distribution Date, and
o occurring on or after February 2004, the principal Distribution Amount for
the Group 2 Certificates for such Distribution Date.
The "Principal Distribution Amount" for each of the Group 1 Certificates and
the Group 2 Certificates on each Distribution Date shall be the lesser of:
1. the Total Available Funds for the related Certificate Group plus any
related Insured Payments minus the related Current Interest with respect
to such Certificate Group; and
2. the excess, if any, of:
(a) the sum (without duplication) of the following:
o the Preference Amount with respect to principal owed to the Class A
Certificates for the Related Loan Group that remains unpaid as of such
Distribution Date;
o the principal (other than the principal portion of Net Liquidation
Proceeds or Prepayments) collected by the Master Servicer with respect
to Simple Interest Loans in the Related Loan Group during the related
Due Period;
o the principal portion of Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans,
Net Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments collected by the Master
Servicer with respect to Mortgage Loans in the Related Loan Group
during the related Prepayment Period;
o the principal portion of scheduled monthly payments due on the
Actuarial Loans in the Related Loan Group after the Cut-off Date or
Replacement Cut-off Date, as applicable, and on or before the end of
the related Due Period to the extent such scheduled monthly payments
are in the Collection Account as of the related Determination Date;
o the principal portion of any Loan Purchase Price for each Mortgage
Loan in the Related Loan Group that was repurchased by the Seller or
purchased by the Master Servicer on or prior to the related Monthly
Remittance Date, to the extent such Loan Purchase Price is actually
received by the Trustee on or prior to the related Monthly Remittance
Date;
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o the principal portion of any Substitution Adjustments (i.e., the
excess, if any, of the Loan Balance of a Mortgage Loan being replaced
over the outstanding Loan Balance of a replacement Mortgage Loan)
delivered by the Seller on or prior to the related Monthly Remittance
Date in connection with a substitution of a Mortgage Loan in the
Related Loan Group, to the extent such Substitution Adjustments are
actually received by the Trustee on or prior to the related Monthly
Remittance Date;
o the amount of any Subordination Deficit with respect to the Related
Loan Group for such Distribution Date;
o the portion of the proceeds received by the Trustee with respect to
the Related Loan Group upon termination of the Trust (to the extent
such proceeds relate to principal);
o the amount of any Subordination Increase Amount with respect to the
Related Loan Group for such Distribution Date to the extent of any Net
Monthly Excess Cash Flow available for such purposes; and
o the portion of any Carry Forward Amount relating to principal with
respect to the Related Loan Group for such Distribution Date;
over
(b) the amount of any Subordination Reduction Amount with respect to the
Related Loan Group for such Distribution Date.
The "Due Period" with respect to any Monthly Remittance Date is:
o With respect to Simple Interest Loans (other than Prepayments and Net
Liquidation Proceeds), the calendar month immediately preceding the calendar
month in which the Monthly Remittance Date occurs. The initial Due Period for
Simple Interest Loans will be from January 1 to January 31, 1999.
o With respect to scheduled monthly payments on Actuarial Loans, the period
from the second day of the preceding calendar month to the first day of the
month in which the Monthly Remittance Date occurs. The initial Due Period for
Actuarial Loans will be from January 2 to January 31, 1999.
A "Monthly Remittance Date" is any date on which funds on deposit in the
Collection Account are remitted by the Master Servicer to the Trustee for
deposit into the Distribution Account, which is the fourth Business Day
following the related Determination Date commencing in February 1999.
With respect to any Distribution Date, the "Determination Date" is the
13th day of the month of such Distribution Date, or if such day is not a
Business Day, the Business Day immediately preceding such 13th day of the month,
commencing in February 1999.
With respect to any Distribution Date, the "Prepayment Period" is the
period commencing on the calendar day after the prior Determination Date and
ending on the related Determination Date; provided, however, that with respect
to the first Distribution Date, with respect to Actuarial Loans, the Prepayment
Period will be from January 2, 1999 to February 12, 1999 and with respect to
Simple Interest Loans, the Prepayment Period will be from January 1, 1999 to
February 12, 1999.
A "Liquidated Mortgage Loan" is, in general, a defaulted Mortgage Loan as
to which the Master Servicer has determined that all amounts that it expects to
recover on such Mortgage Loan have been
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recovered (exclusive of any possibility of a deficiency judgment). The holders
of the Class A Certificates are entitled to receive ultimate recovery of
Realized Losses which occur in the Related Loan Group to the extent such
Realized Losses create a Subordination Deficit in the Related Loan Group, and
payment in recovery of such losses will be in the form of an Insured Payment
payable in accordance with the terms of the applicable Certificate Insurance
Policy if not covered through Net Monthly Excess Cashflow from the Related Loan
Group or crosscollateralization from the other Loan Group.
A "Subordination Increase Amount" with respect to a Loan Group and
Distribution Date is the amount, if any, of Net Monthly Excess Cashflow actually
applied on such Distribution Date as an accelerated payment of principal on the
Class A Certificates relating to the applicable Loan Group.
A "Subordination Reduction Amount" with respect to a Loan Group and
Distribution Date is the amount, if any, distributed to the Class R Certificates
in an amount equal to the lesser of:
o the Excess Subordinated Amount for such Loan Group and such Distribution
Date; and
o the amount available for distribution on account of principal with respect
to the Class A Certificates relating to such Loan Group on such
Distribution Date.
See "Credit Enhancement--Overcollateralization Provisions" herein.
Insured Payments
The Trustee shall receive as attorney-in-fact of each holder of Offered
Certificates any Insured Payment from the Certificate Insurer and disburse the
same to each holder of Offered Certificates. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement
will provide that to the extent the Certificate Insurer makes any Insured
Payments, either directly or indirectly (as by paying through the Trustee), to
the holders of the Offered Certificates, the Certificate Insurer will be
subrogated to the rights of such holders of Offered Certificates with respect to
such Insured Payments, and shall receive reimbursement for such Insured Payments
plus any amounts due and owing the Certificate Insurer pursuant to the terms of
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (the "Reimbursement Amount") to the extent
provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, but only from the sources and
in the manner provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for the payment of
the Class A Distribution Amount to holders of Offered Certificates; such
subrogation and reimbursement will have no effect on the Certificate Insurer's
obligations under the related Certificate Insurance Policies.
Each holder of an Offered Certificate will be required promptly to notify
the Trustee in writing upon the receipt of a court order relating to a
Preference Amount and will be required to enclose a copy of such order with such
notice to the Trustee.
Basis Risk Carryover Amounts
If on any Distribution Date, the Pass-Through Rate for the Class A-6
Certificates is based on the Available Funds Cap, the distribution paid to the
holders of the Class A-6 Certificates will be reduced by the amount of the Basis
Risk Excess. The "Basis Risk Excess" means:
o the amount of interest the Class A-6 Certificates would be entitled to
receive on such Distribution Date at the lesser of:
(a) the Net Lifetime Cap for such Distribution Date, and
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(b) the then-applicable Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-6 Certificates
without reference to the Available Funds Cap,
over
o the amount of interest such Class A-6 Certificates will receive on such
Distribution Date, at the Available Funds Cap.
If, on any Distribution Date, the Available Funds Cap equals the Net Lifetime
Cap, the Basis Risk Excess for such Distribution Date will equal zero. The Basis
Risk Excess for such Distribution Date, together with any Basis Risk Excess that
remains unpaid from prior Distribution Dates, is referred to herein as the
"Basis Risk Carryover Amount".
Any Basis Risk Carryover Amount will be paid, to the extent of funds, if
any, available to make payment, on any Distribution Date, as provided in
"--Disbursements from Distribution Account" above. No interest will accrue on
the Basis Risk Carryover Amount. However, the Class A-6 Certificates may be
entitled to recover any Basis Risk Carryover Amount outstanding after the Class
Certificate Balance thereof has been reduced to zero. The Certificate Insurance
Policies will not cover, and the ratings assigned to the Class A-6 Certificates
do not address the likelihood of, the payment of any Basis Risk Carryover
Amount.
The "Net Lifetime Cap" on any Distribution Date is equal to:
1. the weighted average of the maximum Mortgage Rates on the Mortgage Loans in
the Adjustable Rate Group as of the first day of the related Due Period
(taking into account Curtailments, Net Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments
collected during the immediately preceding Prepayment Period and, with
respect to Actuarial Loans in the Adjustable Rate Group, any scheduled
monthly payments due on or before the last day of the immediately preceding
Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the Determination Date for
such immediately preceding Due Period), less
2. the sum of:
o the Servicing Fee Rate,
o the Trustee Fee Rate,
o the Insurance Premium Rate, and
o commencing on the seventh Distribution Date, 0.50%.
Calculation of One Month LIBOR
On the second LIBOR Business Day (as defined below) preceding the
commencement of each Accrual Period for the Class A-6 Certificates (each such
date, a "LIBOR Determination Date"), the Trustee will determine the rate for
One-Month LIBOR for such Accrual Period for the Class A-6 Certificates as
described under "Description of the Certificates--Indices Applicable to Floating
Rate and Inverse Floating Rate Classes" in the Prospectus. As used in this
Prospectus Supplement, "LIBOR Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday
or a Sunday, or a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York, or
London, England are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to be
closed.
Book-Entry Certificates
The Offered Certificates will be book-entry Certificates (the "Book-Entry
Certificates"). Persons acquiring beneficial ownership interests in the Offered
Certificates ("Certificate Owners") may elect to
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hold their Offered Certificates through The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") in
the United States, or Cedel or Euroclear in Europe if they are participants of
such systems, or indirectly through organizations which are participants in such
systems. The Book-Entry Certificates will be issued in one or more certificates
which equal the aggregate principal balance of each Class of Offered
Certificates and will initially be registered in the name of Cede & Co., the
nominee of DTC. Cedel and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of
their participants through customers' securities accounts in Cedel's and
Euroclear's names on the books of their respective depositaries which in turn
will hold such positions in customers securities accounts in the depositaries'
names on the books of DTC. Citibank N.A. will act as depositary for Cedel and
The Chase Manhattan Bank will act as depositary for Euroclear (in such
capacities, individually the "Relevant Depositary" and collectively the
"European Depositaries"). Investors may hold such beneficial interests in the
Book-Entry certificates in minimum denominations representing Class Certificate
Balances of $25,000 and in multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. Except as
described below, no person acquiring a Book-Entry Certificate (each, a
"beneficial owner") will be entitled to receive a physical certificate
representing such Offered Certificate (a "Definitive Certificate"). Unless and
until Definitive Certificates are issued, it is anticipated that the only
"Certificateholder" of the Offered Certificates will be Cede, as nominee of DTC.
Certificate Owners will not be Certificateholders as that term is used in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Certificate Owners are only permitted to
exercise their rights indirectly through the participating organizations that
utilize the services of DTC, including securities brokers and dealers, banks and
trust companies and clearing corporations and certain other organizations
("Participants") and DTC. See "Description of the Certificates--Registration and
Transfer of the Certificates" in the Prospectus.
Definitive Certificates will be issued to beneficial owners of the
Book-Entry Certificates, or their nominees, rather than to DTC, only if:
o DTC or the Depositor advises the Trustee in writing that DTC is no longer
willing, qualified or able to discharge properly its responsibilities as
nominee and depositary with respect to the Book-Entry Certificates and the
Depositor or the Trustee is unable to locate a qualified successor,
o the Depositor, at its sole option, elects to terminate a book-entry system
through DTC, or
o after the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement) beneficial owners having not less than 51% of the
Voting Rights (as defined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) evidenced
by the Offered Certificates advise the Trustee and DTC through the
Participants in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system
through DTC (or a successor thereto) is no longer in the best interests of
beneficial owners.
Upon the occurrence of any of the events described in the immediately
preceding paragraph, the Trustee will be required to notify all beneficial
owners of the occurrence of such event and the availability through DTC of
Definitive Certificates. Upon surrender by DTC of the global certificate or
certificates representing the Book-Entry Certificates and instructions for
re-registration, the Trustee will issue Definitive Certificates. After such
time, the Trustee will recognize the holders of such Definitive Certificates as
holders of Offered Certificates under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Although DTC, Cedel and Euroclear have agreed to the foregoing procedures
and those outlined in the Prospectus under "Description of the
Certificates--Registration and Transfer of the Certificates", in order to
facilitate transfers of Certificates among participants of DTC, Cedel and
Euroclear, they are under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such
procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
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Reports to Holders of Offered Certificates
On each Distribution Date, the Trustee will forward to each holder of an
Offered Certificate and to the Certificate Insurer a statement generally setting
forth as to each Loan Group and as to the Trust, as applicable:
o the amount of the related distribution to holders of such Class of Offered
Certificates allocable to principal, separately identifying the aggregate
amount of any Prepayments included therein, any principal portion of any
Carry Forward Amount included in such distribution and any remaining
principal portion of any Carry Forward Amount after giving effect to such
distribution;
o the amount of such distribution to holders of each Class of Offered
Certificates allocable to interest, any Compensating Interest, any interest
portion of any Carry Forward Amount included in such distribution, any
remaining interest portion of any Carry Forward Amount after giving effect
to such distribution, any amount paid on account of any outstanding Basis
Risk Carryover Amount and any remaining Basis Risk Carryover Amount after
giving effect to such distribution;
o the Class Certificate Balance of each Class of Offered Certificates after
giving effect to the distribution of principal on such Distribution Date;
o the aggregate Loan Balance of the Mortgage Loans in each Loan Group for the
following Distribution Date;
o the related amount of the Servicing Fees paid to or retained by the Master
Servicer, the insurance premium paid to the Certificate Insurer and the
Trustee Fee paid to the Trustee;
o the Pass-Through Rate for each Class of Offered Certificates with respect
to the current Accrual Period;
o the amount of Delinquency Advances included in the distribution on such
Distribution Date, the amount of Servicing Advances made during the related
Prepayment Period and the aggregate amount of Delinquency Advances and
Servicing Advances, stated separately, outstanding as of the close of
business on such Distribution Date;
o the number and aggregate Loan Balance of Mortgage Loans delinquent
(exclusive of Mortgage Loans in foreclosure):
o 1 to 30 days,
o 31 to 59 days,
o 60 to 89 days, and
o 90 or more days,
as of the close of business on the last day of the related Due Period and,
with respect to Actuarial Loans, not collected by the related
Determination Date;
o the number and aggregate Loan Balance of Mortgage Loans in foreclosure and
delinquent
o 1 to 30 days,
o 31 to 59 days,
o 60 to 89 days, and
o 90 or more days,
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as of the close of business on the last day of the related Due Period and,
with respect to Actuarial Loans, not collected by the related
Determination Date;
o with respect to any Mortgaged Properties that became REO Properties during
the related Due Period, the aggregate Loan Balance of the related Mortgage
Loans as of the last day of the related Due Period preceding such
Distribution Date (taking into account Curtailments, Net Liquidation
Proceeds and Prepayments collected during the related Prepayment Period,
and with respect to Actuarial Loans, amounts due on or before the last day
of the related Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the related
Determination Date);
o the total number and principal balance of any REO Properties as of the last
day of the related Due Period preceding such Distribution Date (taking into
account Net Liquidation Proceeds received during the related Prepayment
Period, and with respect to Actuarial Loans, amounts due on or before the
last day of the related Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the
related Determination Date);
o the amount of any Insured Payment included in the amounts distributed to
the holders of each Class of the Offered Certificates on such Distribution
Date;
o the aggregate Loan Balance of all Mortgage Loans and the aggregate Loan
Balance of the Mortgage Loans in each Loan Group after giving effect to any
payment of principal on such Distribution Date;
o the Subordinated Amount and Subordination Deficit for each Loan Group, if
any, remaining after giving effect to all distributions and transfers on
such Distribution Date;
o the total of any Substitution Adjustment or Loan Purchase Price amounts
included in such distribution with respect to each Certificate Group;
o the weighted average Mortgage Rate of the Mortgage Loans with respect to
each Loan Group;
o the largest Loan Balance outstanding in each Loan Group;
o the Available Funds and the Total Available Funds with respect to each
Certificate Group; and
o such other information as the Certificate Insurer may reasonably request
with respect to delinquent Mortgage Loans.
In addition, holders of Offered Certificates may, by faxing a request to
the Trustee at (312) 407-1708, obtain on a quarterly basis such information as
may be required by Section 6049(d)(7)(C) of the Code and the regulations
promulgated thereunder to assist the holders of the Offered Certificates in
computing their market discount.
Certain obligations of the Trustee to provide information to the holders
of Offered Certificates and the Certificate Insurer are conditioned upon such
information being received from the Master Servicer.
In addition, within a reasonable period of time after the end of each
calendar year, the Trustee will prepare and deliver to each Certificateholder of
record during the previous calendar year and the
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Certificate Insurer a statement containing information necessary to enable
Certificateholders to prepare their tax returns. Such statements will not have
been examined and reported upon by an independent public accountant.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
Certificate Insurance Policies
The following information and the information under "Credit
Enhancement--The Certificate Insurer" herein have been supplied by MBIA
Insurance Corporation (the "Insurer") for inclusion in this Prospectus
Supplement. No representation is made by the Underwriters, the Seller, the
Master Servicer, the Trustee, the Depositor or any of their affiliates as to the
accuracy or completeness of such information. Terms defined in this section are
exclusive to this section and "Credit Enhancement--The Certificate Insurer" in
this Prospectus Supplement.
The Insurer, in consideration of the payment of the premium and subject to
the terms of each of the Certificate Insurance Policies (each, a "Policy"),
thereby unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees to any Owner (as defined
below) that an amount equal to each full and complete Insured Payment will be
received by The First National Bank of Chicago, or its successor, as trustee for
the Owners (the "Trustee") on behalf of the Owners from the Insurer, for
distribution by the Trustee to each Owner of each Owner's proportionate share of
the Insured Payment. The Insurer's obligations under the related Policy with
respect to a particular Insured Payment shall be discharged to the extent funds
equal to the applicable Insured Payment are received by the Trustee, whether or
not such funds are properly applied by the Trustee. Insured Payments shall be
made only at the time set forth in such Policy, and no accelerated Insured
Payments shall be made regardless of any acceleration of the Offered
Certificates, unless such acceleration is at the sole option of the Insurer.
Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraph, the Policies do not cover
shortfalls, if any, attributable to the liability of the Trust, the REMIC or the
Trustee for withholding taxes, if any (including interest and penalties in
respect of any such liability).
The Insurer will pay any Insured Payment that is a Preference Amount on
the Business Day following receipt on a Business Day by the Fiscal Agent (as
described below) of (i) a certified copy of the order requiring the return of a
preference payment, (ii) an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the Insurer that
such order is final and not subject to appeal, (iii) an assignment in such form
as is reasonably required by the Insurer, irrevocably assigning to the Insurer
all rights and claims of the Owner relating to or arising under the Offered
Certificates against the debtor which made such preference payment or otherwise
with respect to such preference payment, and (iv) appropriate instruments to
effect the appointment of the Insurer as agent for such Owner in any legal
proceeding related to such preference payment, such instruments being in a form
satisfactory to the Insurer, provided that if such documents are received after
12:00 noon New York City time on such Business Day, they will be deemed to be
received on the following Business Day. Such payments shall be disbursed to the
receiver or trustee in bankruptcy named in the final order of the court
exercising jurisdiction on behalf of the Owner and not to any Owner directly
unless such Owner has returned principal or interest paid on the Offered
Certificates to such receiver or trustee in bankruptcy, in which case such
payment shall be disbursed to such Owner.
The Insurer will pay any other amount payable under a Policy no later than
12:00 noon, New York City time, on the later of the Distribution Date on which
the related Insured Payment is due or the second Business Day following receipt
in New York, New York on a Business Day by State Street Bank and Trust Company,
N.A., as the Fiscal Agent for the Insurer or any successor fiscal agent
appointed by
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the Insurer (the "Fiscal Agent"), of a Notice (as described below); provided
that if such Notice is received after 12:00 noon, New York City time, on such
Business Day, it will be deemed to be received on the following Business Day. If
any such Notice received by the Fiscal Agent is not in proper form or is
otherwise insufficient for the purpose of making a claim under such Policy it
shall be deemed not to have been received by the Fiscal Agent for purposes of
this paragraph, and the Insurer or the Insurer's Fiscal Agent, as the case may
be, shall promptly so advise the Trustee and the Trustee may submit an amended
Notice.
Insured Payments due under a Policy unless otherwise stated therein will
be disbursed by the Fiscal Agent to the Trustee on behalf of the Owners by wire
transfer of immediately available funds in the amount of the Insured Payment
less, in respect of Insured Payments related to Preference Amounts, any amount
held by the Trustee for the payment of such Insured Payment and legally
available therefor.
The Fiscal Agent is the agent of the Insurer only and the Fiscal Agent
shall in no event be liable to Owners for any acts of the Fiscal Agent or any
failure of the Insurer to deposit, or cause to be deposited, sufficient funds to
make payments due under the Policies.
As used in the Policies, the following terms shall have the following
meanings:
"Agreement" means the Pooling and Servicing Agreement dated as of January
1, 1999, among the Depositor, the Seller, the Master Servicer and the Trustee,
without regard to any amendment or supplement thereto, unless such amendment or
supplement has been approved in writing by the Insurer.
"Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on
which the Insurer or banking institutions in New York City or in the city in
which the corporate trust office of the Trustee is located are authorized or
obligated by law or executive order to close.
"Insured Payments" means, with respect to the Related Loan Group and any
Distribution Date, without duplication, (A) the excess, if any, of (i) the sum
of: (a) the aggregate amount of interest accrued at the related Pass-Through
Rate during the preceding Accrual Period on the Offered Certificate Principal
Balance of the related Offered Certificates (net of any Prepayment Interest
Shortfall and the interest portion of reductions due to the Relief Act), (b) the
Preference Amount as it relates to interest previously paid on each Class of the
related Offered Certificates prior to such Distribution Date, (c) the portion of
the Carry Forward Amount related to interest with respect to each Class of the
related Offered Certificates (net of any Prepayment Interest Shortfall and the
interest portion of reductions due to the Relief Act), and (d) the then existing
Subordination Deficit for the Related Loan Group, if any,over (ii)Total
Available Funds (net of the Insurance Premium for the Related Loan Group) after
taking into account any Principal Distribution Amount to be actually distributed
on such Distribution Date and the cross-collateralization provisions of the
Trust, (B) plus an amount equal to the principal portion of the Preference
Amount with respect to the Related Loan Group.
"Notice" means the telephonic or telegraphic notice, promptly confirmed in
writing by telecopy substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached to each
Policy, the original of which is subsequently delivered by registered or
certified mail, from the Trustee specifying the Insured Payment which shall be
due and owing on the applicable Distribution Date.
"Owner" means each Owner (as defined in the Agreement) of any Offered
Certificate who, on the applicable Distribution Date, is entitled under the
terms of the Offered Certificates to payment thereunder.
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"Preference Amount" means any amount previously distributed to an Owner on
the Offered Certificates that is recoverable and sought to be recovered as a
voidable preference by a trustee in bankruptcy pursuant to the United States
Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.), as amended from time to time in accordance with a
final nonappealable order of a court having competent jurisdiction.
"Related Loan Group" means the Fixed Rate Group or the Adjustable Rate
Group, as the case may be.
Capitalized terms used in each Policy and not otherwise defined in the
Policy shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Agreement as of the
date of execution of the Policy, without giving effect to any subsequent
amendment or modification to the Agreement, unless such amendment or
modification has been approved in writing by the Insurer.
Any notice under each Policy or service of process on the Fiscal Agent may
be made at the address listed below for the Fiscal Agent or such other address
as the Insurer shall specify in writing to the Trustee.
The notice address of the Fiscal Agent is 15th Floor, 61 Broadway, New
York, New York, 10006, Attention: Municipal Registrar and Paying Agency, or such
other address as the Fiscal Agent shall specify in writing to the Trustee.
Each Policy is being issued under and pursuant to, and shall be construed
under, the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the conflict
of laws principles thereof.
The insurance provided by each Policy is not covered by the
Property/Casualty Insurance Security Fund specified in Article 76 of the New
York Insurance Law.
Neither Policy is cancelable for any reason. The premium on each Policy is
not refundable for any reason including payment, or provision being made for
payment, prior to maturity of the Offered Certificates.
The Certificate Insurer
The Insurer is the principal operating subsidiary of MBIA Inc., a New York
Stock Exchange listed company. MBIA Inc. is not obligated to pay the debts of or
claims against the Insurer. The Insurer is domiciled in the State of New York
and licensed to do business in and is subject to regulation under the laws of
all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United
States and the Territory of Guam. The Insurer has two European branches, one in
the Republic of France and the other in the Kingdom of Spain. New York has laws
prescribing minimum capital requirements, limiting classes and concentrations of
investments and requiring approval of policy rates and forms. State laws also
regulate the amount of both the aggregate and individual risks that may be
insured, the payment of dividends by the Insurer, changes in control and
transactions among affiliates. Additionally, the Insurer is required to maintain
contingency reserves on its liabilities in certain amounts and for certain
periods of time.
Effective February 17, 1998, MBIA Inc. acquired all of the outstanding
stock of Capital Markets Assurance Corporation ("CMAC"), through a merger with
its parent CapMAC Holdings Inc. Pursuant to a reinsurance agreement, CMAC has
ceded all of its net insured risks (including any amounts due but unpaid from
third party reinsurers), as well as its unearned premiums and contingency
reserves, to the Insurer. MBIA Inc. is not obligated to pay the debts of or
claims against CMAC.
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The consolidated financial statements of the Insurer, a wholly owned
subsidiary of MBIA Inc., and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997 and
December 31, 1996 and for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 1997, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
("GAAP"), included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of MBIA Inc. for the year
ended December 31, 1997 and the consolidated financial statements for the
Insurer and its subsidiaries as of September 30, 1998 and for each of the
nine-month periods ended September 30, 1997 and September 30, 1998, included in
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of MBIA Inc. for the period ended September
30, 1998, are hereby incorporated by reference into this Prospectus Supplement
and shall be deemed to be a part hereof. Any statement contained in a document
incorporated by reference herein shall be modified or superseded for purposes of
this Prospectus Supplement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in
any other subsequently filed document which also is incorporated by reference
herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or
superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to
constitute a part of this Prospectus Supplement.
All financial statements of the Insurer and its subsidiaries included in
documents filed by MBIA Inc. pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934 Act"), subsequent to
the date of this Prospectus Supplement and prior to the termination of the
offering of the Offered Certificates shall be deemed to be incorporated by
reference into this Prospectus Supplement and to be a part hereof from the
respective dates of filing such documents.
The tables below present selected financial information of the Insurer
determined in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed or
permitted by insurance regulatory authorities ("SAP") and generally accepted
accounting principles ("GAAP").
SAP
December 31, 1997 September 30, 1998
----------------- ------------------
(Audited) (Unaudited)
(In millions)
Admitted Assets....... $5,256 $6,318
Liabilities........... 3,496 4,114
Capital and Surplus... 1,760 2,204
GAAP
December 31, 1997 September 30, 1998
----------------- --------------------
(Audited) (Unaudited)
(In millions)
Assets................ $5,988 $7,439
Liabilities........... 2,624 3,268
Shareholder's Equity.. 3,364 4,171
Copies of the financial statements of the Insurer incorporated by
reference herein and copies of the Insurer's 1997 year-end audited financial
statements prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices are
available, without charge, from the Insurer. The address of the Certificate
Insurer is 113 King Street, Armonk, New York 10504. The telephone number of the
Insurer is (914) 273-4545.
The Insurer does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy or
completeness of this Prospectus Supplement or any information or disclosure
contained herein, or omitted herefrom, other
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than with respect to the accuracy of the information regarding the Policies and
the Insurer set forth under "Credit Enhancement--Certificate Insurance Policies"
and "--The Certificate Insurer" herein. Additionally, the Insurer makes no
representation regarding the Offered Certificates or the advisability of
investing in the Offered Certificates.
Moody's Investors Service, Inc. rates the financial strength of the Insurer
"Aaa".
Standard & Poor's Rating Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc. rates the financial strength of the Insurer "AAA".
Fitch IBCA, Inc. (formerly known as Fitch Investors Service, L.P.) rates
the financial strength of the Insurer "AAA".
Each rating of the Insurer should be evaluated independently. The ratings
reflect the respective rating agency's current assessment of the
creditworthiness of the Insurer and its ability to pay claims on its policies of
insurance. Any further explanation as to the significance of the above ratings
may be obtained only from the applicable rating agency.
The above ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold the Offered
Certificates and such ratings may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any
time by the rating agencies. Any downward revision or withdrawal of any of the
above ratings may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Offered
Certificates. The Insurer does not guaranty the market price of the Offered
Certificates nor does it guaranty that the ratings on the Offered Certificates
will not be reversed or withdrawn.
Year 2000 Readiness Disclosure. An area of potential risk to the Insurer's
financial guarantee business would be the inability of an issuer or its trustee
or paying agent to make payments on an Insurer insured transaction because of
their failure to be Year 2000 ready. To mitigate this risk, the Insurer has been
surveying all trustees, all paying agents and selected high volume issuers to
determine their state of readiness. While the survey is not complete, the
results to-date are that all respondents are either ready or planning to be
ready by late 1999. If the Insurer is asked to pay in those situations where the
issuer's system fails, it will do so and would expect to recover any such
payment in a fairly short time period. It is not possible at this time to
evaluate the extent of such payments. The Insurer believes that it has adequate
sources of liquidity to cover these payments.
Overcollateralization Provisions
Overcollateralization Resulting from Cash Flow Structure. The Pooling and
Servicing Agreement requires that, on each Distribution Date, Net Monthly Excess
Cashflow with respect to a Loan Group be applied on such Distribution Date as an
accelerated payment of principal on the applicable Classes of Offered
Certificates of the related Certificate Group then entitled to receive
distributions of principal but only to the limited extent hereafter described.
"Net Monthly Excess Cashflow" with respect to a Loan Group equals the excess of:
1. the sum of :
o the excess, if any, of:
(x) the sum of:
(a) interest (other than the interest portion of Net Liquidation
Proceeds and Prepayments with respect to such Loan Group and
other than that portion, if
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any, of Excess Interest required to be allocated to
reimbursement of unreimbursed Delinquency Advances with
respect to Simple Interest Loans in such Loan Group)
collected on the Simple Interest Loans in such Loan Group
during the related Due Period, plus
(b) the interest portion of any Curtailments with respect to
Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments
collected during the related Prepayment Period in connection
with such Loan Group, plus
(c) the interest portion of scheduled monthly payments due on
the Actuarial Loans in such Loan Group after the Cut-off
Date or Replacement Cut-off Date, as applicable, and on or
before the end of the related Due Period to the extent in
the Collection Account as of the related Determination
Date, less
(d) the Servicing Fee, the Trustee Fee and the insurance premium
with respect to such Loan Group, plus
(e) any Delinquency Advances and Compensating Interest in
connection with such Loan Group,
over
(y) the sum of the interest which accrues on the related Classes of
Offered Certificates during the related Accrual Period
(such difference, the "Total Monthly Excess Spread" with respect
to such Loan Group), and
o the Subordination Reduction Amount with respect to such Loan Group
and such Distribution Date,
over
2. the portion of the Total Monthly Excess Cashflow that is used to cover the
amounts described in item 1 under "Description of the
Certificates--Disbursements from Distribution Account" on page 58 of this
Prospectus Supplement.
This has the effect of accelerating the amortization of the related
Classes of Offered Certificates then entitled to receive distributions of
principal relative to the amortization of the Mortgage Loans in the Related Loan
Group. To the extent that any Net Monthly Excess Cashflow is not so used (and is
not required to satisfy requirements with respect to the other Loan Group), the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that it will be used to reimburse the
Master Servicer with respect to any amounts owing to it, or paid to the holders
of the Class R Certificates.
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, each Loan Group's Net
Monthly Excess Cashflow will be applied as an accelerated payment of principal
on the Classes of Offered Certificates then entitled to receive distributions of
principal until the Subordinated Amount has increased to the level required.
"Subordinated Amount" means, with respect to each Loan Group and
Distribution Date, the excess, if any, of:
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o the aggregate Loan Balances of the Mortgage Loans in such Loan Group as of
the close of business on the last day of the related Due Period (taking
into account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation
Proceeds and Prepayments collected during the related Prepayment Period
and, with respect to Actuarial Loans, any scheduled monthly payments due on
or before the last day of the related Due Period and in the Collection
Account as of the related Determination Date)
over
o the related Class Certificate Balance of the Offered Certificates as of
such Distribution Date after taking into account the payment of the Class A
Distribution Amount (except for any Subordination Deficit or Subordination
Increase Amount with respect to such Loan Group), on such Distribution
Date.
The required level of the Subordinated Amount for each Loan Group with
respect to a Distribution Date is the "Specified Subordinated Amount". The
Pooling and Servicing Agreement generally provides that the Specified
Subordinated Amount may, over time, decrease or increase, subject to certain
floors, caps and triggers.
In the event that the required level of the Specified Subordinated Amount
with respect to a Loan Group is permitted to decrease or "step down" on a
Distribution Date in the future, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides
that a portion of the principal which would otherwise be distributed to the
holders of Offered Certificates on such Distribution Date may be distributed to
the holders of the Class R Certificates on such Distribution Date. This has the
effect of decelerating the amortization of Offered Certificates relative to the
amortization of the Mortgage Loans and of reducing the related Subordinated
Amount. With respect to any Loan Group and Distribution Date, the excess, if
any, of:
o the Subordinated Amount on such Distribution Date after taking into account
all distributions to be made on such Distribution Date (except for any
distributions of Subordination Reduction Amounts as described in this
paragraph)
over
o the Specified Subordinated Amount
is the "Excess Subordinated Amount" for such Loan Group and Distribution Date.
If, on any Distribution Date, the Excess Subordinated Amount is, or, after
taking into account all other distributions to be made on such Distribution
Date, would be, greater than zero (i.e., the Subordinated Amount is or would be
greater than the related Specified Subordinated Amount), then any amounts
relating to principal which would otherwise be distributed to the holders of the
related Offered Certificates on such Distribution Date may instead be
distributed to the holders of the Class R Certificates (subject to certain other
prior applications as described below under "--Crosscollateralization
Provisions") in an amount equal to the Subordination Reduction Amount.
As a result of the cash flow structure of the Trust, Subordination
Reduction Amounts may result even prior to the occurrence of any decrease or
"step down" in the Specified Subordinated Amount. That is because the holders of
the Offered Certificates generally will, except for the provisions relating to
the Subordination Reduction Amount, be entitled to receive 100% of collected
principal with respect to the Related Loan Group even though the Class A Class
Certificate Balance, following the accelerated amortization resulting from the
application of the Net Monthly Excess Cashflow, will be less than 100% of the
Related Loan Group's aggregate Loan Balance. Accordingly, in the absence of the
provisions relating to Subordination Reduction Amounts, the Subordinated Amount
would increase above the
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Specified Subordinated Amount requirements even without the further application
of any Net Monthly Excess Cashflow.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides generally that, on any
Distribution Date, all amounts collected on account of principal (other than any
such amount applied to the payment of a Subordination Reduction Amount and
excluding any amounts not required to be deposited into the Collection Account
pursuant to the second paragraph under "The Pooling and Servicing
Agreement--Servicing and Subservicing") during the related Due Period (taking
into account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation
Proceeds and Prepayments collected during the related Prepayment Period, and
with respect to Actuarial Loans, any scheduled monthly payments due on or before
the last day of the related Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the
related Determination Date), will be distributed to the holders of Offered
Certificates then entitled to receive distributions of principal on such
Distribution Date. If any Mortgage Loan became a Liquidated Mortgage Loan during
the related Prepayment Period, the Net Liquidation Proceeds related thereto and
allocated to principal may be less than the principal balance of the related
Mortgage Loan. The amount of any such insufficiency is a "Realized Loss".
In addition, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that the Loan
Balance of any Mortgage Loan which becomes a Liquidated Mortgage Loan shall
thenceforth equal zero. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement does not contain any
provisions which require that the amount of any Realized Loss be distributed to
the holders of Offered Certificates on the Distribution Date which immediately
follows the event of loss; in other words, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement
does not require the current recovery of losses. However, the occurrence of a
Realized Loss will reduce the Subordinated Amount with respect to the Related
Loan Group. If such reduction causes the Subordinated Amount to be less than the
Specified Subordinated Amount applicable to the related Distribution Date, a
Subordination Increase Amount will be paid on such Distribution Date. If
insufficient funds are available on such Distribution Date to make such payment,
then a Subordination Increase Amount will be paid on subsequent Distribution
Dates until the Subordinated Amount equals the related Specified Subordinated
Amount. The effect of the foregoing is to allocate losses to the holders of the
Class R Certificates by reducing, or eliminating entirely, payments of Net
Monthly Excess Cashflow and of Subordination Reduction Amounts which such
holders would otherwise receive.
Overcollateralization and the Certificate Insurance Policies. The Pooling
and Servicing Agreement defines a "Subordination Deficit" with respect to a Loan
Group and Distribution Date to be the amount, if any, by which:
o the aggregate of the Class Certificate Balances relating to such Loan Group
(after taking into account all distributions to be made on such
Distribution Date)
exceeds
o the aggregate Loan Balances of the Mortgage Loans in the Related Loan Group
as of the close of business on the last day of the related Due Period
(taking into account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net
Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments collected during the related
Prepayment Period, and with respect to Actuarial Loans, any scheduled
monthly payments due on or before the last day of the related Due Period
and in the Collection Account as of the related Determination Date).
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires the Trustee to make a claim for an
Insured Payment under the related Certificate Insurance Policy not later than
the third Business Day prior to any Distribution Date as to which the Trustee
has determined that a Subordination Deficit will occur for the purpose of
applying the proceeds of such Insured Payment as a payment of principal to the
holders of the
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Offered Certificates entitled to such Insured Payment on such Distribution Date.
Each Certificate Insurance Policy is similar to the overcollateralization
provisions described above insofar as each Certificate Insurance Policy
guarantees ultimate, rather than current, payment of the amounts of any Realized
Losses (to the extent of a Subordination Deficit) to the holders of the Offered
Certificates. Investors in the Offered Certificates should realize that, under
extreme loss or delinquency scenarios applicable to the Mortgage Loans, they may
temporarily receive no distributions of principal when they would otherwise be
entitled thereto under the principal allocation provisions described in this
Prospectus Supplement. Nevertheless, the exposure to risk of loss of principal
of the holders of the Offered Certificates depends in part on the ability of the
Certificate Insurer to satisfy its obligations under the relevant Certificate
Insurance Policy. If the Certificate Insurer satisfies such obligations, the
holders of the Offered Certificates will be insulated from shortfalls in
Available Funds that may arise as a result of a Subordination Deficit.
Crosscollateralization Provisions
In addition to the use of Total Monthly Excess Cashflow with respect to a
Loan Group to cover related Subordination Increase Amounts, Available Funds
Shortfalls and Subordination Deficits, such Total Monthly Excess Cashflow will
be available to cover such requirements for the other Loan Group as described
under the caption "Description of the Certificates--Distributions" herein.
THE POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENT
Representations and Warranties of the Seller
The Seller will make the representations, among others, as to each
Mortgage Loan conveyed by the Seller to the Depositor as of the Closing Date
described under "The Trusts--Assignment of the Primary Assets" in the Prospectus
and such other representations as are set forth in the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, upon the discovery by the
Depositor, the Seller, the Master Servicer, the Certificate Insurer or the
Trustee that any representations and warranties with respect to the Mortgage
Loans were untrue in any material respect as of the Closing Date with the result
that the interests of the holders of the Certificates or of the Certificate
Insurer are materially and adversely affected, the party discovering such breach
is required to give prompt written notice to the other parties.
Upon the earlier to occur of the Seller's discovery or its receipt of
notice of breach from any of the other parties, the Seller will be required
promptly to cure such breach in all material respects or, on the second Monthly
Remittance Date next succeeding such discovery or receipt of notice, the Seller
shall:
o substitute in lieu of each Mortgage Loan which has given rise to the
requirement for action by the Seller a Qualified Replacement Mortgage Loan
(as such term is defined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) and deliver
the Substitution Adjustment to the Master Servicer for deposit in the
Collection Account on behalf of the Trust on such Monthly Remittance Date, or
o purchase such Mortgage Loan from the Trust at a purchase price equal to the
Loan Purchase Price (as defined below) for such Mortgage Loan.
Notwithstanding any provision of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to
the contrary, with respect to any Mortgage Loan which is not in default or as to
which no default is imminent, no such
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repurchase or substitution will be made unless the Seller obtains for the
Trustee and the Certificate Insurer an opinion of counsel experienced in federal
income tax matters and acceptable to the Certificate Insurer to the effect that
such a repurchase or substitution would not give rise to a Prohibited
Transaction Tax for the Trust or otherwise subject the Trust to tax and would
not jeopardize the status of the Trust as a REMIC (a "REMIC Opinion") addressed
to the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer and acceptable to the Trustee and the
Certificate Insurer. Any Mortgage Loan as to which repurchase or substitution
was delayed pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement shall be repurchased
or substituted for (subject to compliance with the provisions of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement) upon the earlier of
o the occurrence of a default or imminent default with respect to such
Mortgage Loan, and
o receipt by the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer of a REMIC Opinion.
The obligation of the Seller so to substitute for or purchase any Mortgage Loan
constitutes the sole remedy available to the holders of the Certificates, the
Trustee and the Certificate Insurer respecting a discovery of any such
representation or warranty which is untrue in any material respect, except as
provided below.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement, the Seller agrees to indemnify the Trust for any breach of a
representation or warranty relating to the legality of the Mortgage Loans
(including, without limitation, the origination of such Mortgage Loans) and the
mortgage loan documents relating thereto.
"Loan Purchase Price" means the sum of:
o outstanding loan balance of the related Mortgage Loan as of the beginning
of the Due Period preceding the date of purchase (taking into account
Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation Proceeds and
Prepayments collected during the preceding Prepayment Period, and with
respect to Actuarial Loans, any scheduled monthly principal payment due on
or before the last day of the preceding Due Period and in the Collection
Account as of the Determination Date for such preceding Due Period) (such
amount, the "Loan Balance" of such Mortgage Loan) (assuming that the Master
Servicer has already remitted to the Trustee all amounts in the Collection
Account on the related Monthly Remittance Date),
o one month's interest at the related Mortgage Rate on the outstanding Loan
Balance thereof as of the beginning of the related Due Period, taking into
account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation
Proceeds and Prepayments collected during the immediately preceding
Prepayment Period, and with respect to Actuarial Loans, any scheduled
monthly principal payment due on or before the last day of the preceding
Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the Determination Date for
such preceding Due Period,
o the aggregate amount of all unreimbursed Delinquency Advances and Servicing
Advances made with respect to such Mortgage Loan,
o all Delinquency Advances and Servicing Advances which the Master Servicer
has failed to remit with respect to such Mortgage Loan, and
o all reimbursed Delinquency Advances to the extent that the reimbursement is
not made from the Mortgagor or from proceeds with respect to a Liquidated
Loan.
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"Replacement Cut-off Date" means, with respect to any Qualified
Replacement Mortgage Loan, the first day of the calendar month in which such
Qualified Replacement Mortgage Loan is conveyed to the Trust.
"Substitution Adjustment" means, with respect to a Qualified Replacement
Mortgage Loan with an outstanding principal amount as of the applicable
Replacement Cut-off Date less than the Loan Balance of the replaced Mortgage
Loan as of such Replacement Cut-off Date, an amount equal to such difference
together with the aggregate amount of:
o all Delinquency Advances and Servicing Advances made with respect to such
Mortgage Loan, to the extent unreimbursed to the Master Servicer, and
o all Delinquency Advances which the Master Servicer has failed to remit with
respect to such Mortgage Loan.
Sale and Assignment of the Mortgage Loans
On the Closing Date, the Seller will, pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, sell and assign to the Depositor without recourse (except
as otherwise provided herein) its entire interest in and to the Mortgage Loans,
including the Mortgages on the Mortgaged Properties securing the Mortgage Loans
and the right to receive all payments on, and proceeds with respect to, the
Mortgage Loans after the Cut-off Date (other than, with respect to Actuarial
Loans, amounts due on or prior to the Cut-off Date). On the Closing Date,
simultaneously with the sale from the Seller to the Depositor, the Depositor
will, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, sell and assign to the
Trust, without recourse (except as otherwise provided herein), its entire
interest in and to the Mortgage Loans, including the Mortgages on the Mortgaged
Properties securing the Mortgage Loans and the right to receive all payments on,
and proceeds with respect to, the Mortgage Loans after the Cut-off Date (other
than, with respect to Actuarial Loans, amounts due on or prior to the Cut-off
Date). Each Mortgage Loan will be identified in a schedule appearing as an
exhibit to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Trustee will, concurrently
with the sale and assignment of the Mortgage Loans pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement as described above, countersign and deliver the Certificates
to or upon the order of the Depositor.
Under the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Master
Servicer will, within six months of the Closing Date, cause to be recorded with
respect to each Mortgage Loan the original assignment of Mortgage, except in the
states for which a legal opinion is delivered to the Trustee and the Certificate
Insurer (and is approved by the Certificate Insurer) to the effect that the
recordation of the assignment of Mortgage in such states is not necessary under
state law to transfer the related Mortgage Loan to the Trust. No more than one
such legal opinion will be required with respect to each state.
All assignments of Mortgages shall be prepared and caused to be recorded
by, and shall be at the expense of, the Master Servicer.
The Loan Files (as defined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) will be
delivered to the Trustee on the Closing Date. Thereafter, the Trustee will
review the Loan Files and if any document required to be included in any Loan
File is found to be defective in any material respect and such defect is not
cured within 30 days after the Trustee notifies the Master Servicer, the Seller
must repurchase or substitute for the related Mortgage Loan.
The Trustee is authorized to appoint a custodian, which custodian shall
not be an affiliate of the Master Servicer and shall meet certain other criteria
set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (the "Custodian"), to maintain
possession of and review the documents with respect to the Mortgage
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Loans, as the agent of the Trustee. Any such Custodian will be required to
release the Loan Files to the Master Servicer or to any subservicers in
connection with its servicing activities or for review by licensing authorities.
Any such Custodial Agreement will be on such terms as the Trustee, the Master
Servicer and the Custodian shall agree.
Servicing and Subservicing
The Master Servicer is required to service, either directly or through one
or more subservicers, the Mortgage Loans in accordance with the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. See "Description of the Certificates--Servicing Standard"
in the Prospectus for additional information.
Deposits into Collection Account. The Master Servicer is required to
deposit into the Collection Account, within two Business Days following receipt,
all principal and interest collections on the Mortgage Loans received after the
Cut-off Date (other than, with respect to Actuarial Loans, amounts due on or
prior to the Cut-off Date), including any Prepayments, the proceeds of any
liquidation of a Mortgage Loan net of expenses and unreimbursed Delinquency
Advances ("Net Liquidation Proceeds") and any income from REO Properties, but
net of:
1. the Servicing Fee with respect to each Mortgage Loan and
other servicing compensation,
2. the amount of Net Liquidation Proceeds that exceeds the sum of:
o the Loan Balance of the related Mortgage Loan, plus
o accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan (net of the Servicing
Fee) to the date of such liquidation,
3. reimbursements for Delinquency Advances from late collections or
Liquidation Proceeds on the Mortgage Loans which gave rise to such
Delinquency Advances, and
4. reimbursement for amounts deposited into the Collection Account
representing payments of principal and/or interest on a Mortgage Loan by a
Mortgagor which are subsequently returned by a depository institution as
unpaid.
Withdrawals from Collection Account. The Master Servicer may make
withdrawals for its own account from the amounts on deposit in the Collection
Account with respect to each Loan Group, for the following purposes:
o to withdraw investment earnings on amounts on deposit in the Collection
Account;
o to reimburse or pay the Master Servicer, the Trustee and/or the Depositor
certain amounts owed to such entity pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement;
o to withdraw amounts that have been deposited into the Collection Account in
error;
o to reimburse itself for unreimbursed Delinquency Advances with respect to
Simple Interest Loans from Excess Interest; and
o to clear and terminate the Collection Account following the termination of
the Trust.
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Remittance to Distribution Account. The Master Servicer will remit to the
Trustee for deposit into the Distribution Account the Monthly Remittance Amount
not later than the related Monthly Remittance Date and Loan Purchase Prices and
Substitution Adjustments two Business Days following the related purchase or
substitution, as the case may be.
Delinquency Advances. The Master Servicer will be obligated to make
Delinquency Advances no later than the fourth Business Day following the
Determination Date to the extent that such Delinquency Advances, in the Master
Servicer's reasonable judgment, are reasonably recoverable from the related
Mortgage Loan. Delinquency Advances are recoverable from:
o late collections on the Mortgage Loan which gave rise to the Delinquency
Advance;
o Liquidation Proceeds of the Mortgage Loan which gave rise to such
Delinquency Advance;
o with respect to Simple Interest Loans, the aggregate interest collected on
the Simple Interest Loans in a Loan Group during the related Due Period in
excess of the interest deemed due on the Simple Interest Loans in such Loan
Group during such Due Period ("Excess Interest"); and
o certain excess cash flows not applied for any other purpose.
"Delinquency Advances" will equal, on any Distribution Date, interest on
the Mortgage Loans due during the related Due Period (net of the Servicing Fee)
but uncollected:
o with respect to Simple Interest Loans, as of the end of the related Due
Period, and
o with respect to Actuarial Loans, as of the related Determination Date.
For purposes of calculating the amount of Delinquency Advances for the
Simple Interest Loans or Excess Interest for reimbursement of such Delinquency
Advances for each Loan Group, the amount "due" during the Due Period will be
deemed to be 30 days' interest at the weighted average Mortgage Rate for the
Simple Interest Loans in such Loan Group. The Master Servicer is only obligated
to make a Delinquency Advance if it reasonably believes that such Delinquency
Advance will ultimately be recoverable from the related Mortgage Loan. The
Master Servicer shall give written notice of such determination to the Trustee
and the Certificate Insurer. The Trustee shall promptly furnish a copy of such
notice to the holders of the Certificates.
Servicing Advances. The Master Servicer will be required to pay all "out of
pocket" costs and expenses incurred in the performance of its servicing
obligations, including, but not limited to:
o expenditures in connection with a foreclosed Mortgage Loan prior to the
liquidation thereof, including, without limitation, expenditures for real
estate property taxes, hazard insurance premiums, certain amounts due with
respect to Senior Liens, property restoration or preservation,
o the cost of any enforcement or judicial proceedings, including
foreclosures, and
o the cost of the management and liquidation of Mortgaged Property acquired
in satisfaction of the related Mortgage Loan.
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Such costs will constitute "Servicing Advances". The Master Servicer may
reimburse itself for a Servicing Advance:
o from the Mortgagors to the extent permitted by the Mortgage Loans,
o if not recovered from the Mortgagor on whose behalf such Servicing Advance
was made, from Liquidation Proceeds realized upon the liquidation of the
related Mortgage Loan, or
o from Net Monthly Excess Cashflow as specified in the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
Master Servicer may Purchase Delinquent Loans. Subject to the terms of the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Master Servicer, and in the absence of the
exercise thereof by the Master Servicer, the Certificate Insurer, will have the
right and the option, but not the obligation, to purchase for its own account
any Mortgage Loan which becomes delinquent, in whole or in part, as to four
consecutive monthly installments or any Mortgage Loan as to which enforcement
proceedings have been brought by the Master Servicer. The purchase price for any
such Mortgage Loan is equal to the Loan Purchase Price thereof, which purchase
price shall be deposited into the Collection Account.
Sale of REO Property. The Master Servicer is required to cause to be
liquidated any Mortgage Loan relating to a Mortgaged Property as to which
ownership has been effected in the name of the Master Servicer or subservicer on
behalf of the Trust and which has not been liquidated by the end of the third
taxable year after the year in which the Trust acquired ownership at such price
as the Master Servicer deems necessary to comply with this requirement, or
within such period of time as may, in the opinion of counsel experienced in
federal income tax matters, be permitted under the Code.
Use of Subservicers. The Master Servicer will be permitted under the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement to enter into subservicing agreements for any
servicing and administration of Mortgage Loans with:
o any institution which is a FHLMC or FNMA approved seller-servicer for
mortgage loans and has equity of at least $1,500,000,
o any institution which is an affiliate of the Master Servicer,
o CSC, or
o Fairbanks.
The Master Servicer has initially entered into subservicing agreements
with each of CSC and Fairbanks for the servicing and administration of the
Mortgage Loans. The Certificate Insurer will have the right to remove a
subservicer as provided in the related subservicing agreement.
Notwithstanding any subservicing agreement, the Master Servicer will not
be relieved of its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the
Master Servicer will be obligated to the same extent and under the same terms
and conditions as if it alone were servicing and administering the Mortgage
Loans. The Master Servicer may enter into any agreement with a subservicer for
indemnification of the Master Servicer by such subservicer. The subservicing
agreements may not limit or modify the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
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Compliance Reports. The Master Servicer will be required to deliver to the
Trustee, the Certificate Insurer and the Rating Agencies:
1. on or before March 31 of each year, commencing in 2000, an officers'
certificate stating, as to each signer thereof, that:
o a review of the activities of the Master Servicer during such
preceding calendar year and of performance under the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement has been made under such officers' supervision,
and
o to the best of such officers' knowledge, based on such review, the
Master Servicer has fulfilled all its obligations under the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement for such year, or, if there has been a default
in the fulfillment of all such obligations, specifying each such
default known to such officers and the nature and status thereof
including the steps being taken by the Master Servicer to remedy such
default; and
2. on or before March 31 of each year commencing in 2000, a letter or letters
of a firm of independent, nationally recognized certified public
accountants reasonably acceptable to the Certificate Insurer and dated as
of the date of the audit for the Master Servicer's or such subservicer's
most recent fiscal year stating that such firm has examined the Master
Servicer's or such subservicer's overall servicing operations in accordance
with the requirements of the Uniform Single Attestation Program for
Mortgage Bankers, and stating such firm's conclusions relating thereto.
Servicing Fees. The Master Servicer will be entitled to receive a fee on
each Mortgage Loan for each Due Period (the "Servicing Fee") equal to 0.50% per
annum (the "Servicing Fee Rate") and the Loan Balance of such Mortgage Loan as
of the beginning of such Due Period (taking into account Curtailments with
respect to Actuarial Loans, Net Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments collected
during the preceding Prepayment Period and, with respect to Actuarial Loans, any
scheduled monthly payment due on or before the last day of the preceding Due
Period and in the Collection Account as of the Determination Date for such
preceding Due Period), or, with respect to the first Due Period, the principal
balance of such Mortgage Loan as of the Cut-off Date. In addition, the Master
Servicer will receive the following as additional servicing compensation:
o investment income from the investment of funds in the Collection
Account and the Distribution Account,
o any late fees,
o penalty charges,
o prepayment premiums,
o bad check fees,
o modification or extension fees,
o and other administrative fees or similar charges allowed by applicable
laws with respect to the Mortgage Loans.
The Servicing Fee will compensate the Master Servicer for performing the
functions of a third-party servicer of the Mortgage Loans, including:
o collecting and posting all payments,
o responding to inquiries of Mortgagors,
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o investigating delinquencies,
o sending coupon books or past due notices to Mortgagors, and
o monitoring the collateral.
The Servicing Fee also will compensate the Master Servicer for all fees and
expenses payable to any subservicer and for administering the Mortgage Loans,
including accounting for collections and furnishing monthly and annual
statements to the Trustee with respect to distributions. The Master Servicer
will pay certain taxes, accounting fees, outside auditor fees, data processing
costs and other costs incurred in connection with administering the Mortgage
Loans.
Compensating Interest Payments. When a Mortgagor prepays a Mortgage Loan
in full (a "Prepayment") between due dates, the Mortgagor is required to pay
interest on the amount prepaid only to the date of prepayment and not
thereafter. Prepayments by Mortgagors received during a Prepayment Period will
be distributed to holders of the Certificates on the related Distribution Date.
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, with respect to any shortfall
in an interest payment which arises from such Prepayment (a "Prepayment Interest
Shortfall"), the Servicing Fee for the related month will be reduced by an
amount (but in any event not more than one-half of the Servicing Fee for such
Mortgage Loan) sufficient to pass through to holders of the Certificates the
full amount of interest to which they would be entitled in respect of such
Mortgage Loan on the related Distribution Date to the extent not otherwise
covered by amounts otherwise described in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement
(such amount is herein referred to as "Compensating Interest"). To the extent
the Compensating Interest does not cover a Prepayment Interest Shortfall, such
amount (a "Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall") shall not, unless covered by
distributions discussed in "Description of the Certificates--Distributions", be
paid to Certificateholders. If shortfalls in interest as a result of Prepayments
in any month exceed the Compensating Interest for such month, the amount of
interest available to be distributed to holders of the Certificates will be
reduced by the amount of such excess.
Removal and Resignation of Master Servicer
The Certificate Insurer, or the holders of the Offered Certificates as
provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement with the consent of the
Certificate Insurer, will have the right pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement to remove the Master Servicer upon the occurrence of:
o certain acts of bankruptcy or insolvency on the part of the Master
Servicer;
o certain failures on the part of the Master Servicer to perform its
obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
o the failure to cure material breaches of the Master Servicer's
representations in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; or
o the failure of the Seller, so long as the Seller is an affiliate of the
Master Servicer, following the breach of a representation or warranty with
respect to the Mortgage Loans to either substitute a Qualified Replacement
Mortgage Loan and deliver the Substitution Adjustment or repurchase such
Mortgage Loan, as discussed above under "--Representations and Warranties
of the Seller".
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement also provides that the Certificate
Insurer may remove the Master Servicer upon the occurrence of certain additional
events.
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The Master Servicer is not permitted to resign from the obligations and
duties imposed on it under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement except upon
determination that its duties thereunder are no longer permissible under
applicable law or are in material conflict by reason of applicable law with any
other activities carried on by it, the other activities of the Master Servicer
so causing such conflict being of a type and nature carried on by the Master
Servicer on the date of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Any such
determination permitting the resignation of the Master Servicer is required to
be evidenced by an opinion of counsel to such effect which shall be delivered to
the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer.
Upon removal or resignation of the Master Servicer, the Trustee:
o may solicit bids for a successor Master Servicer, and
o pending the appointment of a successor Master Servicer as a result of
soliciting such bids, shall serve as Master Servicer.
The Trustee, if it is unable to obtain a qualifying bid and is prevented by law
from acting as Master Servicer, will be required to appoint, or petition a court
of competent jurisdiction to appoint, any housing and home finance institution,
bank or mortgage servicing institution designated as an approved seller-servicer
by the FHLMC or the FNMA having equity of not less than $1,500,000 and
acceptable to the Certificate Insurer and the holders of the Class R
Certificates as the successor to the Master Servicer in the assumption of all or
any part of the responsibilities, duties or liabilities of the Master Servicer.
If the Certificate Insurer and such holders cannot agree as to the acceptability
of such successor Master Servicer, the decision of the Certificate Insurer shall
control.
No removal or resignation of the Master Servicer will become effective
until the Trustee or a successor servicer shall have assumed the Master
Servicer's responsibilities and obligations in accordance with the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement.
Amendment
Amendments Without Consent of Certificateholders. The Pooling and
Servicing Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Depositor, the
Seller, the Master Servicer and the Trustee, with the consent of the Certificate
Insurer and without the consent of the holders of the Certificates, to:
o cure any ambiguity or error,
o correct or supplement any provision therein which may be inconsistent with
any other provision therein, in this prospectus supplement or in the
accompanying prospectus,
o to evidence a succession to the Master Servicer, or
o add any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising
thereunder which are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement;
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement may also be amended, from time to
time, by the Master Servicer, the Depositor, the Seller and the Trustee, with
the consent of the Certificate Insurer and without consent of the holders of the
Certificates, to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement to the extent necessary to:
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o maintain the qualification of the Trust as a REMIC under the Code or
avoid, or minimize the risk of, the imposition of any tax on the Trust
under the Code that would be a claim against the Trust's assets, or
o prevent the Trust from entering into any "prohibited transaction" as
defined in the Code.
if such action will not, in the opinion of counsel satisfactory to the Trustee,
adversely affect in any material respect the interest of any holder of the
Certificates.
Amendment With Consent of Certificateholders. The Pooling and Servicing
Agreement may also be amended by the Depositor, the Seller, the Master Servicer
and the Trustee, with the consent of the Certificate Insurer and the consent of
the holders of Certificates evidencing not less than a majority of the aggregate
Class Certificate Balance of each Class of Certificates affected by such
amendment. However, no such amendment may:
o increase or reduce in any manner the amount of, or accelerate or delay the
timing of, distributions that are required to be made on any Certificate
without the consent of the holder of such Certificate, or
o reduce the aforesaid percentage required to consent to any such amendment,
without the consent of the holders of all Certificates then outstanding.
Provisions Applicable to All Amendments. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no
amendment may be made unless the Trustee shall have received an opinion of
counsel to the effect that such amendment will not cause the Trust to be
disqualified as a REMIC, or subject the Trust to "prohibited transaction" or
"prohibited contribution" taxes.
Offered Certificates held by either the Depositor or any affiliate thereof
will not be counted as outstanding for purposes of the approval of any
amendment, waiver or other consent or vote required by the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
List of Certificateholders
Upon written request of the Master Servicer, the Trustee will provide to
the Master Servicer, within 15 days after receipt of such request, a list of the
names and addresses of all holders of the Certificates of record as of the most
recent Record Date. Upon written request by three or more holders of the Offered
Certificates who in the aggregate hold Certificates that evidence not less than
25% of the aggregate Class Certificate Balance of the Offered Certificates and
provided such request is accompanied by a copy of the communication that such
holders propose to transmit, the Trustee or the Certificate Registrar will
provide the holders of the Offered Certificates with a list of the names and
addresses of all of the holders of the Offered Certificates as of the most
recent Record Date.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will not provide for the holding of
any annual or other meetings of holders of the Certificates.
Termination; Retirement of the Certificates
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will terminate upon the latest to
occur of:
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o the final payment or other liquidation of the last Mortgage Loan remaining
in the Trust and the disposition of all property acquired by foreclosure or
deed in lieu of foreclosure of any Mortgage Loan,
o the purchase by the Class R Optionholder or the Master Servicer from the
Trust, or the sale pursuant to an auction conducted by the Trustee, of all
remaining Mortgage Loans and all property acquired in respect of any
Mortgage Loan remaining in the Trust, or
o the final payment to the Certificate Insurer of all amounts then owing to
it.
In no event, however, will the trust created by the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement continue more than 21 years after the death of the last survivor of
certain persons named in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Trustee will
give a written notice of termination of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to
each holder of a Certificate.
At its option, the holder of the 99.999% Percentage Interest in the Class
R Certificates (the "Class R Optionholder") or the Master Servicer may purchase,
on any Distribution Date on which such a purchase is permitted as described
below, all remaining Mortgage Loans and other property constituting the assets
of the Trust on terms agreed upon between the Certificate Insurer and such Class
R Optionholder or the Master Servicer, as applicable, but in no event less than
at a price equal to the greater of:
1. the sum of:
o 100% of the aggregate Loan Balance of the related Mortgage Loans as of
the day of purchase and any Reimbursement Amounts not otherwise paid
to the Certificate Insurer minus amounts remitted from the Collection
Account to the Distribution Account representing collections of
principal on the Mortgage Loans during the current Due Period (taking
into account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net
Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments collected during the immediately
preceding Prepayment Period, and with respect to Actuarial Loans, any
scheduled monthly principal payment due on or before the last day of
the Due Period and in the Collection Account as of the related
Determination Date),
o one month's interest on such amount computed at the weighted average
Mortgage Rate,
o all accrued and unpaid Servicing Fees,
o the aggregate amount of any unreimbursed Delinquency Advances and
Servicing Advances, and
o Delinquency Advances which the Master Servicer has failed to remit,
and
2. the sum of:
o the aggregate Class Certificate Balances of the Offered Certificates
on such date of purchase,
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o any shortfall in interest due on the Offered Certificates in respect
of prior Distribution Dates,
o one month's interest at the Pass-Through Rate for each of the
outstanding Offered Certificates on the date of purchase, and
o any Reimbursement Amounts not otherwise paid to the Certificate
Insurer.
The right of the Class R Optionholder or the Master Servicer to make any
such purchase is not exercisable until the Distribution Date on which, after
giving effect to principal distributions on the Certificates that would
otherwise be made on such Distribution Date, the aggregate Loan Balance of the
Mortgage Loans has declined to less than 10% of the Original Pool Principal
Balance (the "Optional Termination Date") for the Class R Optionholder or 5% of
the Original Pool Principal Balance for the Master Servicer. The Trustee will
terminate the Trust in a manner consistent with applicable federal income tax
regulations and the Trust's status as a REMIC.
In addition to the foregoing, following a final determination by the
Internal Revenue Service or by a court of competent jurisdiction, in either case
from which no appeal is taken within the permitted time for such appeal, or if
any appeal is taken, following a final determination of such appeal from which
no further appeal can be taken, to the effect that the Trust does not and will
no longer qualify as a "REMIC" pursuant to Section 860D of the Code (the "Final
Determination"), at any time on or after the date which is 30 calendar days
following such Final Determination, the Certificate Insurer or the holders of a
majority in Percentage Interests represented by the Offered Certificates then
outstanding with the consent of the Certificate Insurer may direct the Trustee
on behalf of the Trust to adopt a plan of complete liquidation, as contemplated
by Section 860F(a)(4) of the Code.
Termination Auction
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that within 90 days following
the Optional Termination Date, the Trustee shall solicit bids for the purchase
of the Mortgage Loans remaining in the Trust. In the event that satisfactory
bids are received as described in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the
Trustee will distribute the net sales proceeds to holders of Certificates in the
same order of priority as collections received in respect of the Mortgage Loans.
If satisfactory bids are not received, the Trustee shall decline to sell the
Mortgage Loans and shall not be under any obligation to solicit any further bids
or otherwise negotiate any further sale of the Mortgage Loans. Under the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, a satisfactory bid is one in which the purchase price
of the Mortgage Loans then outstanding is at least equal to the greater of:
1. the sum of:
o 100% of the aggregate Loan Balance of the related Mortgage Loans as of
the day of purchase and any Reimbursement Amounts not otherwise paid
to the Certificate Insurer minus amounts remitted from the Collection
Account to the Distribution Account representing collections of
principal on the Mortgage Loans during the current Due Period (taking
into account Curtailments with respect to Actuarial Loans, Net
Liquidation Proceeds and Prepayments collected during related
Prepayment Period, and with respect to Actuarial Loans, any scheduled
monthly principal payment due on or before the last day of the Due
Period and in the Collection Account as of the related Determination
Date),
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one month's interest on such amount computed at the weighted average
Mortgage Rate,
o all accrued and unpaid Servicing Fees,
o the aggregate amount of any unreimbursed Delinquency Advances and
Servicing Advances, and
o Delinquency Advances which the Master Servicer has failed to remit,
and
2. the sum of:
o the aggregate Class Certificate Balances of the Offered Certificates
on such date of purchase,
o any shortfall in interest due on the Offered Certificates in respect
of prior Distribution Dates,
o one month's interest at the Pass-Through Rate for each of the
outstanding Offered Certificates on the date of purchase, and
o any Reimbursement Amounts not otherwise paid to the Certificate
Insurer.
Such a bid must be made in accordance with auction procedures set forth in
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which include a requirement that the
Trustee receive good faith bids for the Mortgage Loans by at least two
prospective purchasers (at least one of whom is not the Seller or an affiliate
thereof) that are considered by the Trustee, in its sole discretion, to be:
o competitive participants in the market for like mortgage loans, and
o willing and able purchasers of the Mortgage Loans.
Any sale and consequent termination of the Trust pursuant to a Termination
Auction must constitute a "qualified liquidation" of the Trust under Section
860F of the Code, including the requirement that the qualified liquidation takes
place over a period not to exceed 90 days.
THE TRUSTEE
The First National Bank of Chicago, a national banking association
organized under the laws of the United States of America with its principal
place of business in the State of Illinois, will be named Trustee pursuant to
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Trustee will initially serve as
custodian for the mortgage files relating to the Mortgage Loans as provided in
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee is required
at all times to be a corporation or association organized and doing business
under the laws of the United States of America or of any state, authorized under
such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or
examination by federal or state authority. If at any time the Trustee shall
cease to be eligible in
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accordance with the provisions described in this paragraph, the Trustee shall
give notice of such ineligibility to the Master Servicer, the Certificate
Insurer and holders of the Certificates and shall resign in the manner and with
the effect specified in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Trustee Fee. The Trustee will receive a monthly fee payable out of the
interest amounts collected by the Master Servicer on each Mortgage Loan, as
compensation for acting as Trustee. The Trustee's fee will be paid on each
Distribution Date for the related Due Period, and will be equal to a percentage
per annum (the "Trustee Fee Rate") of the then outstanding Loan Balance.
Grounds for Removal of Trustee. The Trustee may be removed upon the
occurrence of any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such
event and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by
operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or
any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body) on the
part of the Trustee:
o failure to make distributions of available amounts;
o certain breaches of covenants and representations by the Trustee;
o certain acts of bankruptcy or insolvency on the part of the Trustee;
o the Trustee shall have, without the prior written consent of the Master
Servicer:
(1) delegated or assigned the execution of certain of its trusts and
powers or the performance of certain of its duties under the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement with respect to certificate administration,
generation of reports and REMIC administration, or
(2) resumed the execution of certain of its trusts or powers or the
performance of certain of its duties under the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement with respect to certificate administration, generation of
reports and REMIC administration after having previously delegated or
assigned such execution or performance; or
o failure to meet the standards of Trustee eligibility as set forth in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Appointment of Successor Trustee. If any of the events described above
occurs and is continuing, the following persons may appoint a successor trustee:
o the Certificate Insurer,
o the Master Servicer,
o the holders of a majority of the percentage interests represented by the
Offered Certificates, or
o if there are no Offered Certificates then outstanding, a majority of the
percentage interests represented by the Class R Certificates.
The Certificate Insurer must approve any successor trustee.
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The Trustee, or any successor trustee or trustees, may resign at any time
by giving written notice to the Master Servicer, the Certificate Insurer and the
holders of the Certificates. Upon receiving notice of resignation, the Master
Servicer is required to appoint promptly a successor trustee or trustees, with
the consent of the Certificate Insurer, meeting the eligibility requirements set
forth above in the manner set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. If
no successor trustee shall have been appointed and have accepted appointment
within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning
trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of
a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it
may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.
Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor
trustee shall become effective upon the acceptance of appointment by such
successor trustee.
Use of Co-Trustees. At any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal
requirements of any jurisdiction in which any part of the assets of the Trust or
property securing the same may at the time be located, the Master Servicer and
the Trustee together may appoint one or more persons to act as a co-trustee,
jointly with the Trustee, or as a separate trustee, of all or any part of the
assets of the Trust.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
Taxation of Trust as a REMIC
For federal income tax purposes, an election will be made to treat the
Trust as a "real estate mortgage investment conduit" ("REMIC"). The Offered
Certificates will constitute the regular interests in the REMIC. The Class R
Certificates will constitute the sole class of "residual interest" in the REMIC.
The Offered Certificates generally will be treated as debt instruments
issued by the REMIC for federal income tax purposes. Income on the Offered
Certificates must be reported under an accrual method of accounting.
Original Issue Discount
The Classes of Offered Certificates, depending on their respective issue
prices (as described in the Prospectus under "Federal Income Tax Consequences"),
may be treated as having been issued with original issue discount ("OID") for
federal income tax purposes. For purposes of determining the amount and rate of
accrual of OID and market discount, the Trust intends to assume that there will
be prepayments on the Mortgage Loans in the Fixed Rate Group and the Adjustable
Rate Group at a rate equal to 100% of the Prepayment Assumption and 25% CPR,
respectively. No representation is made as to whether the Mortgage Loans will
prepay at the foregoing rates or any other rate. See "Certain Yield And
Prepayment Considerations" herein and in the Prospectus and "Federal Income Tax
Consequences" in the Prospectus. Computing accruals of OID in the manner
described in the Prospectus may (depending on the actual rate of prepayments
during the accrual period) result in the accrual of negative amounts of OID on
the Certificates issued with OID in an accrual period. Holders will be entitled
to offset negative accruals of OID only against future OID accruals on such
Certificates.
A reasonable application of the principles of the OID Regulations (as
defined below) to the Class A-6 Certificates generally would be to report all
income with respect to such Certificates as OID for each period, computing such
OID (i) by assuming that the value of One-Month LIBOR will remain constant for
purposes of determining the original yield to maturity of such Class of
Certificates and projecting future distributions on such Class A-6 Certificates,
thereby treating such Class A-6 Certificates as fixed
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rate instruments to which the OID computation rules described in the Prospectus
can be applied, and (ii) by accounting for any positive or negative variation in
the actual value of the applicable index in any period from its assumed value as
a current adjustment to OID with respect to such period.
The Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") recently issued final regulations
governing the calculation of OID on instruments having contingent interest
payments. The regulations specifically do not apply for purposes of calculating
OID on debt instruments subject to Code Section 1272(a)(6), such as the Regular
Certificates. Additionally, Treasury regulations issued on January 27, 1994, as
amended June 11, 1996, which provide rules for calculating OID (the "OID
Regulations"), do not contain provisions specifically interpreting Code Section
1272(a)(6). The Trustee intends to base its computations on Code Section
1272(a)(6) and the OID Regulations as described in the Prospectus and this
Prospectus Supplement. However, because no regulatory guidance currently exists
under Code Section 1272(a)(6), there can be no assurance that such methodology
represents the correct manner of calculating OID.
If the holders of any Offered Certificates are treated as holding such
Certificates at a premium, such holders should consult their tax advisors
regarding the election to amortize bond premium and the method to be employed.
Offered Certificates Will Be Qualifying Assets
As is described more fully under "Federal Income Tax Consequences" in the
Prospectus, the Offered Certificates will represent qualifying assets under
Sections 856(c)(4)(A) and 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, and net interest income
attributable to the Offered Certificates will be "interest on obligations
secured by mortgages on real property" within the meaning of Section
856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, to the extent the assets of the Trust are assets
described in such sections. The Offered Certificates will represent qualifying
assets under Section 860G(a)(3) if acquired by a REMIC within the prescribed
time periods of the Code.
Backup Withholding
Certain holders of the Offered Certificates may be subject to backup
withholding at the rate of 31% with respect to interest paid on the Offered
Certificates if the holders of the Offered Certificates, upon issuance, fail to
supply the Trustee or their broker with their taxpayer identification number,
furnish an incorrect taxpayer identification number, fail to report interest,
dividends, or other "reportable payments" (as defined in the Code) properly, or,
under certain circumstances, fail to provide the Trustee or their broker with a
certified statement, under penalty of perjury, that they are not subject to
backup withholding.
The Trustee will be required to report annually to the IRS, and to each
holder of the Offered Certificates of record, the amount of interest paid (and
OID accrued, if any) on the Offered Certificates (and the amount of interest
withheld for federal income taxes, if any) for each calendar year, except as to
exempt holders (generally, holders that are corporations, certain tax-exempt
organizations or nonresident aliens who provide certification as to their status
as nonresidents). As long as the only holder of the "Offered Certificates" of
record is Cede, as nominee for DTC, holders of the Offered Certificates and the
IRS will receive tax and other information including the amount of interest paid
on such Offered Certificates owned from Participants and indirect participants
rather than from the Trustee. (The Trustee, however, will respond to requests
for necessary information to enable Participants, indirect participants and
certain other persons to complete their reports.) Each non-exempt holder of the
Offered Certificates will be required to provide, under penalty of perjury, a
certificate on IRS Form W-9 containing his or her name, address, correct federal
taxpayer identification number and a statement that he or she is not subject
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to backup withholding. Should a nonexempt holder of the Offered Certificates
fail to provide the required certification, the Participants or indirect
participants (or the Paying Agent) will be required to withhold 31% of the
interest (and principal) otherwise payable to the holder, and remit the withheld
amount to the IRS as a credit against the holder's federal income tax liability.
Final regulations dealing with withholding tax on income paid to foreign
persons, backup withholding and related matters (the "New Withholding
Regulations") were issued by the Treasury Department on October 6, 1997. The New
Withholding Regulations generally will be effective for payments made after
December 31, 1999, subject to certain transition rules. Prospective U.S. holders
are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the New
Withholding Regulations.
Such amounts will be deemed distributed to the affected holders of the
Offered Certificates for all purposes of the Offered Certificates, the Pooling
and Servicing Agreement and the Certificate Insurance Policies.
Federal Income Tax Consequences to Foreign Investors
The following information describes the United States federal income tax
treatment of holders that are Foreign Investors. The term "Foreign Investor"
means any person other than:
o a citizen or resident of the United States,
o a corporation, partnership or other entity (treated as a corporation or
partnership for federal income tax purposes) organized in or under the laws
of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof (unless
in the case of a partnership Treasury regulations provide otherwise),
o an estate the income of which is includable in gross income for United
States federal income tax purposes, regardless of its source, or
o a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary
supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more United
States persons have authority to control all substantial decisions of the
trust.
In addition, the term "Foreign Investors" excludes certain trusts that
elect to be treated as United States persons.
The Code and Treasury regulations generally subject interest paid to a
Foreign Investor to a withholding tax at a rate of 30% (unless such rate is
changed by an applicable treaty). The withholding tax, however, is eliminated
with respect to certain "portfolio debt investments" issued to Foreign
Investors. Portfolio debt investments include debt instruments issued in
registered form for which the United States payer receives a statement that the
beneficial owner of the instrument is a Foreign Investor. Since the Offered
Certificates will be issued in registered form, no withholding tax will apply to
the Offered Certificates if the information required by the Code is furnished
(as described below) and no other exceptions to the withholding tax exemption
are applicable.
For the Offered Certificates to constitute portfolio debt investments
exempt from the United States federal withholding tax, the withholding agent
must receive from the holder of an Offered Certificate an executed IRS Form W-8
signed under penalty of perjury by the holder of an Offered Certificate stating
that the holder of the Offered Certificate is a Foreign Investor and providing
such holder's name and address. The statement must be received by the
withholding agent in the calendar
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year in which the interest payment is made or in either of the two preceding
calendar years. A holder of an Offered Certificate that is a nonresident alien
or foreign corporation will not be subject to United States federal income tax
on gain realized on the sale, exchange or redemption of such Offered
Certificate, if:
o such gain is not effectively connected with a trade or business carried on
by the holder of an Offered Certificate in the United States,
o in the case of a holder of an Offered Certificate that is an individual,
such holder is not present in the United States for 183 days or more during
the taxable year in which such sale, exchange or redemption occurs, and
o in the case of gain representing accrued interest, the conditions described
in the immediately preceding paragraph are satisfied.
In addition, prospective Foreign Investors are strongly urged to consult
their own tax advisors with respect to the New Withholding Regulations.
OTHER TAXES
The Depositor makes no representations regarding the tax consequences of
purchase, ownership or disposition of the Offered Certificates under any
jurisdiction other than the Code. You should consult your own tax advisors
regarding the federal, state, local or foreign income tax consequences of the
purchase, ownership and disposition of the Offered Certificates.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Any Plan fiduciary which proposes to cause a Plan to acquire any of the
Offered Certificates should consult with its counsel with respect to the
potential consequences under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, as amended ("ERISA"), and the Code, of the Plan's acquisition and
ownership of such Certificates. See "ERISA Considerations" in the Prospectus.
Section 406 of ERISA prohibits `parties in interest' with respect to an employee
benefit plan subject to ERISA and the excise tax provisions set forth under
Section 4975 of the Code (a "Plan") from engaging in certain transactions
involving such Plan and its assets unless a statutory or administrative
exemption applies to the transaction. Section 4975 of the Code imposes certain
excise taxes on prohibited transactions involving plans described under that
Section. ERISA authorizes the imposition of civil penalties for prohibited
transactions involving Plans subject to ERISA.
Certain employee benefit plans, including governmental plans and certain
church plans, are not subject to ERISA's requirements. Accordingly, assets of
such plans may be invested in the Offered Certificates without regard to the
ERISA considerations described in this Prospectus Supplement and in the
Prospectus, subject to the provisions of other applicable federal and state law.
Any such plan which is qualified and exempt from taxation under Sections 401(a)
and 501(a) of the Code may nonetheless be subject to the prohibited transaction
rules in Section 503 of the Code.
Except as noted above, investments by Plans are subject to ERISA's general
fiduciary requirements, including the requirement of investment prudence and
diversification and the requirement
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<PAGE>
that a Plan's investments be made in accordance with the documents governing the
Plan. A fiduciary which decides to invest the assets of a Plan in the Offered
Certificates should consider, among other factors, the extreme sensitivity of
the investments to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the
Mortgage Loans.
The U.S. Department of Labor has granted to Salomon Smith Barney Inc. an
administrative exemption (Prohibited Transaction Exemption 89-89, Exemption
Application No. D-6446, 54 Fed. Reg. 42589 (1989)) (the "Exemption") from
certain of the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA and the related excise tax
provisions of Section 4975 of the Code with respect to the initial purchase, the
holding and the subsequent resale by Plans of certificates in pass-through
trusts that consist of certain receivables, loans and other obligations that
meet the conditions and requirements of the Exemption. The Exemption applies to
mortgage loans such as the Mortgage Loans in the Trust. For a general
description of the Exemption and the conditions that must be satisfied for the
Exemption to apply, see "ERISA Considerations" in the Prospectus. It is expected
that the Exemption will apply to the acquisition and holding by Plans of the
Offered Certificates and that all conditions of the Exemption other than those
within the control of the investors will be met. In addition, as of the date of
this Prospectus Supplement, there is no single Mortgagor that is the obligor on
5% of the Mortgage Loans included in the Trust by aggregate unamortized
principal balance of the assets of the Trust. Prospective Plan investors should
consult with their legal advisors concerning the impact of ERISA and the Code,
the applicability of PTCE 83-1 described in the Prospectus and the Exemption,
and the potential consequences in their specific circumstances, prior to making
an investment in any of the Offered Certificates. Moreover, each Plan fiduciary
should determine whether, under the general fiduciary standards of investment
prudence and diversification, an investment in any of the Offered Certificates
is appropriate for the Plan, taking into account the overall investment policy
of the Plan and the composition of the Plan's investment portfolio.
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Although upon their initial issuance all Classes of Offered Certificates
are expected to be rated AAA by S&P and Aaa by Moody's, no Class of the Offered
Certificates will constitute "mortgage related securities" for purposes of the
Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act.
UNDERWRITING
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting
agreement with the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Seller (the
"Underwriting Agreement"), Salomon Smith Barney Inc., J.P. Morgan & Co. and
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (the "Underwriters") have severally agreed to
purchase the respective aggregate principal amount of each Class of Offered
Certificates, in each case as set forth under its name below:
S-95
<PAGE>
Class of Solomon J.P. Morgan Morgan Stanley &
Certificates Smith Barney, Inc. & Co. Co. Incorporated Total
- ------------ ------------------ ------------- ---------------- -----
Class A-1 $ 27,333,334 $ 27,333,333 $ 27,333,333 $82,000,000
Class A-2 15,000,000 15,000,000 15,000,000 45,000,000
Class A-3 5,666,668 5,666,666 5,666,666 17,000,000
Class A-4 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 18,000,000
Class A-5 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 18,000,000
Class A-6 55,000,000 55,000,000 55,000,000 165,000,000
Class A-7 18,333,334 18,333,333 18,333,333 55,000,000
----------- ------------ ----------- ------------
Total $133,333,336 $133,333,332 $133,333,332 $400,000,000
============ ============ ============ ============
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the obligations of the
Underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the Offered Certificates are
subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain
other conditions. The Underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the
Offered Certificates to be purchased by them if any are taken.
The Underwriters initially propose to offer all or part of the Offered
Certificates directly to the public at the public offering prices for each
series set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus Supplement and may offer a
portion of the Offered Certificates to dealers at a price which represents a
concession not in excess of the amounts (approximate) set forth below for the
respective Class of the Offered Certificates. The Underwriters may allow, and
such dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of the amounts set forth
below for the respective Class of the Offered Certificates for certain dealers.
After the initial public offering, the public offering prices and such
concessions may from time to time be varied by the Underwriters.
Concession to Reallowance
Dealers Concession
------- ----------
Class A-1....... 0.100% 0.060%
Class A-2....... 0.170% 0.100%
Class A-3....... 0.240% 0.140%
Class A-4....... 0.300% 0.180%
Class A-5....... 0.270% 0.165%
Class A-6....... 0.170% 0.100%
Class A-7....... 0.170% 0.100%
After the initial public offering, the public offering price, such
concessions and such discounts may be changed.
Block Financial Corporation has agreed to indemnify the Underwriters
against certain liabilities including liabilities under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended.
The Underwriters intend to make a secondary market in the Offered
Certificates, but none have any obligation to do so. There can be no assurance
that a secondary market for the Offered Certificates will develop or, if it does
develop, that it will continue or that it will provide holders of the Offered
Certificates with a sufficient level of liquidity of, or trading markets for,
the Offered Certificates.
Until the distribution of the Offered Certificates is completed, rules of
the Commission may limit the ability of the Underwriters and certain selling
group members to bid for and purchase the Offered Certificates. As an exception
to these rules, the Underwriters are permitted to engage in certain
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<PAGE>
transactions that stabilize the price of the Offered Certificates. Such
transactions consist of bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or
maintaining the price of the Offered Certificates.
In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization or to
reduce a short position could cause the price of the security to be higher than
it might be in the absence of such purchases.
None of Block Financial Corporation, the Depositor or any of the
Underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the direction or
magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the
prices of the Offered Certificates. In addition, none of Block Financial
Corporation, the Depositor or any of the Underwriters makes any representation
that the Underwriters will engage in such transactions or that such
transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The Depositor will apply the net proceeds of the sale of the Offered
Certificates to purchase the Mortgage Loans from the Seller.
REPORT OF EXPERTS
The consolidated balance sheets of MBIA Insurance Corporation and
Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997 and 1996 and the related consolidated
statements of income, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997, incorporated by
reference in this Prospectus Supplement, have been incorporated herein in
reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants,
given on the authority of that firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the Certificates will be passed upon for the Depositor by
Morrison & Hecker L.L.P., Kansas City, Missouri. Brown & Wood LLP, New York, New
York, will pass upon certain legal matters on behalf of the Underwriters. In
addition, Brown & Wood LLP, as special tax counsel to the Depositor, will pass
upon certain federal income tax matters for the Depositor.
RATINGS
It is a condition to the issuance of the Offered Certificates that they be
rated AAA by Standard and Poor's Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc. ("S&P") and Aaa by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's").
The ratings assigned by each of the Rating Agencies to mortgage pass-through
certificates address the likelihood of the receipt of all distributions on the
mortgage loans by the related certificateholders under the agreements pursuant
to which such certificates are issued. The ratings of each Rating Agency take
into consideration the credit quality of the related mortgage pool, including:
o any credit support providers,
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structural and legal aspects associated with such certificates, and
o the extent to which the payment stream on the mortgage pool is adequate to
make the payments required by such certificates.
The ratings of each of the Rating Agencies on such certificates do not,
however, constitute a statement regarding frequency of prepayments of the
related mortgage loans.
The ratings of the Rating Agencies do not address:
o the possibility that, as a result of principal prepayments,
Certificateholders may receive a lower than anticipated yield, or
o the ability of the Trust to pay any Basis Risk Carryover Amount.
The ratings assigned to the Offered Certificates should be evaluated
independently from similar ratings on other types of securities. A rating is not
a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision
or withdrawal at any time by the Rating Agencies.
The Depositor has not requested a rating of the Offered Certificates by
any rating agency other than the Rating Agencies; there can be no assurance,
however, as to whether any other rating agency will rate the Offered
Certificates or, if it does, what rating would be assigned by such other rating
agency. The rating assigned by such other rating agency to the Offered
Certificates could be lower than the respective ratings assigned by the Rating
Agencies.
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<PAGE>
INDEX OF DEFINITIONS
Term Page
- ---- ----
1934 Act.......................................................S-72
Accrual Period.................................................S-56
Actuarial Loans................................................S-34
Adjustable Rate Group..........................................S-15
Adjustable Rate Margin.........................................S-53
Adjustment Date................................................S-24
Agreement......................................................S-70
Appraised Values...............................................S-16
Available Funds................................................S-60
Available Funds Cap............................................S-54
Available Funds Shortfall......................................S-58
Basis Risk Carryover Amount....................................S-65
Basis Risk Excess..............................................S-64
beneficial owner...............................................S-66
BIF............................................................S-55
Book-Entry Certificates........................................S-65
Business Day.............................................S-56, S-70
Carry Forward Amount...........................................S-61
Certificate Group..............................................S-54
Certificate Insurance Policies.................................S-52
Certificate Insurer.............................................S-5
Certificate Owners.............................................S-65
Certificateholders.............................................S-54
Certificates...................................................S-53
Cimarron.......................................................S-15
Class..........................................................S-53
Class A Certificates...........................................S-54
Class A Distribution Amount....................................S-56
Class A-5 Lockout Distribution Amount..........................S-61
Class A-5 Lockout Percentage...................................S-61
Class A-5 Lockout Pro Rata Distribution Amount.................S-61
Class A-7 Lockout Percentage...................................S-61
Class A-7 Lockout Pro Rata Distribution Amount.................S-62
Class Certificate Balance......................................S-54
Class R Certificates...........................................S-54
Class R Optionholder...........................................S-87
Closing Date....................................................S-6
CMAC...........................................................S-71
Collection Account.............................................S-54
Compensating Interest..........................................S-84
CPR............................................................S-36
CSC............................................................S-47
Current Interest...............................................S-60
Custodian......................................................S-79
Cut-off Date....................................................S-5
Definitive Certificate.........................................S-66
Delinquency Advances...........................................S-81
Depositor.......................................................S-5
S-99
<PAGE>
Determination Date.............................................S-63
Distribution Account...........................................S-57
Distribution Date.........................................S-6, S-56
DTC............................................................S-66
Due Period.....................................................S-63
Eligible Account...............................................S-55
ERISA..........................................................S-94
European Depositaries..........................................S-66
Excess Interest................................................S-81
Excess Subordinated Amount.....................................S-75
Exemption......................................................S-95
Fairbanks......................................................S-49
FDIC...........................................................S-54
Final Determination............................................S-88
Fiscal Agent...................................................S-70
Fixed Rate Group...............................................S-15
Foreign Investor...............................................S-93
Foreign Investors..............................................S-93
GAAP...........................................................S-72
Group 1 Certificates...........................................S-54
Group 2 Certificates...........................................S-54
HRBMC..........................................................S-15
Initial Class Certificate Balance..............................S-54
Insurance Premium Rate.........................................S-54
Insured Payments...............................................S-70
Insurer........................................................S-69
IRS............................................................S-92
LIBOR Business Day.............................................S-65
LIBOR Determination Date.......................................S-65
Liquidated Mortgage Loan.......................................S-63
Loan Balance...................................................S-78
Loan Groups....................................................S-15
Loan Purchase Price............................................S-78
Master Servicer.................................................S-5
Monthly Remittance Amount......................................S-57
Monthly Remittance Date........................................S-63
Moody's........................................................S-97
Mortgage Indices...............................................S-25
Mortgage Loans.................................................S-15
Mortgage Pool..................................................S-15
Mortgagor......................................................S-33
NCS............................................................S-15
Net Lifetime Cap...............................................S-65
Net Liquidation Proceeds.......................................S-80
Net Monthly Excess Cashflow..............................S-58, S-73
Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall..............................S-84
New Withholding Regulations....................................S-93
NFI............................................................S-15
Notice.........................................................S-70
Offered Certificates...........................................S-54
OID............................................................S-91
S-100
<PAGE>
OID Regulations................................................S-92
One-Month LIBOR................................................S-24
One-Year CMT...................................................S-25
Optional Termination Date......................................S-88
Original Loan Group Balance....................................S-16
Original Pool Principal Balance................................S-16
Owner..........................................................S-70
Participants...................................................S-66
Pass-Through Rate..............................................S-53
Percentage Interest............................................S-56
Permitted Investments..........................................S-54
Plan...........................................................S-94
Policy.........................................................S-69
Pooling and Servicing Agreement................................S-47
Preference Amount..............................................S-71
Prepayment.....................................................S-84
Prepayment Assumption..........................................S-36
Prepayment Interest Shortfall..................................S-84
Prepayment Period..............................................S-63
Principal Distribution Amount..................................S-62
Realized Loss..................................................S-76
Record Date....................................................S-56
Register.......................................................S-57
Registrar......................................................S-57
Reimbursement Amount...........................................S-64
Related Loan Group.......................................S-15, S-71
Relevant Depositary............................................S-66
REMIC..........................................................S-91
REMIC Opinion..................................................S-78
Replacement Cut-off Date.......................................S-79
S&P............................................................S-97
SAIF...........................................................S-55
SAP............................................................S-72
Seller..........................................................S-5
Servicing Advances.............................................S-82
Servicing Fee..................................................S-83
Servicing Fee Rate.............................................S-83
Simple Interest Loans..........................................S-33
Six-Month LIBOR................................................S-24
Specified Subordinated Amount..................................S-75
Subordinated Amount............................................S-74
Subordinated Increase Amount...................................S-64
Subordinated Reduction Amount..................................S-64
Subordination Deficit..........................................S-76
Substitution Adjustment........................................S-79
Three-Year CMT.................................................S-25
Total Available Funds..........................................S-60
Total Monthly Excess Cashflow..................................S-58
Total Monthly Excess Spread....................................S-74
Trustee...................................................S-5, S-69
Trustee Fee Rate...............................................S-90
S-101
<PAGE>
Underwriters...................................................S-95
Underwriting Agreement.........................................S-95
S-102
<PAGE>
$400,000,000
(Approximate)
ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATES, SERIES 1999-1
Block Mortgage Finance Asset Backed Certificates Series 1999-1 Trust
Block Mortgage Finance, Inc., Depositor
Block Financial Corporation, Master Servicer
Companion Mortgage Corporation, Seller
-----------------------
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
-----------------------
SALOMON SMITH BARNEY
J.P. MORGAN & CO.
MORGAN STANLEY DEAN WITTER
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference
in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not
authorized anyone to provide you with different information.
We are not offering the certificates in any state where the offer is not
permitted.
We represent the accuracy of the information in this prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus only as of the dates on their respective covers.
Dealers will be required to deliver a prospectus supplement and prospectus when
acting as underwriters of the Offered Certificates offered hereby and with
respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions. In addition, all dealers
selling the Offered Certificates, whether or not participating in this offering,
may be required to deliver a prospectus supplement and prospectus until April
20, 1999.
S-103
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
BLOCK MORTGAGE FINANCE, INC.
Depositor
ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATES
(Issuable in Series)
Block Financial Corporation
Master Servicer
Companion Mortgage Corporation
Seller
-------------------
The Asset Backed Certificates (the "Certificates") offered hereby may be
sold from time to time in series (each, a "Series") as described in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Each Series of Certificates will be issued by a separate
trust (each, a "Trust"). The assets of each Trust (the "Trust Assets") will
consist primarily of (i) (a) first lien and junior lien mortgage loans secured
by one- to four-family residential properties, including Title I Loans and other
types of home improvement loans (each, a "Single Family Loan"); and/or (b) first
lien and junior lien mortgage loans secured by residential real property,
together with the manufactured housing unit located thereon (each, a "Contract",
and together with the Single Family Loans, the "Primary Assets"), (ii) monies
due or received on the Primary Assets after the related Cut-off Date to the
extent provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, and (iii) certain other
property, each as described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. In
addition to the foregoing, a Trust may contain a Prefunding Account to be
applied to acquire additional Primary Assets after the related Closing Date. The
amount initially deposited into a Prefunding Account for a Series of
Certificates will not exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of the aggregate
principal amount of such Series of Certificates. The Primary Assets will be
acquired by Block Mortgage Finance, Inc. (the "Depositor") from Companion
Mortgage Corporation (the "Seller") and/or other institutions as set forth in
the related Prospectus Supplement and conveyed by the Depositor to the related
Trust. The Primary Assets will be master serviced by Block Financial Corporation
(the "Master Servicer"). The Primary Assets and other assets of each Trust as
described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement will be held for the
benefit of the holders of the related Series of Certificates.
Each Series of Certificates will be issuable in one or more classes (each,
a "Class"), each of which will represent beneficial ownership interests in the
Trust Assets of the related Trust. A Series may include one or more Classes of
Certificates entitled to principal distributions and disproportionate, nominal
or no interest distributions, or to interest distributions and disproportionate,
nominal or no principal distributions. The rights of one or more Classes of
Certificates of a Series may be senior or subordinate to the rights of one or
more of the other Classes of Certificates of such Series. A Series may include
two or more Classes of Certificates which differ as to the timing, sequential
order, priority of payment, interest rate or amount of distributions of
principal or interest or both.
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more Classes of
Certificates of a Series may have the benefit of one or more of a letter of
credit, financial guaranty insurance policy, reserve fund, spread account, cash
collateral account, overcollateralization, cross-collateralization or other form
of credit enhancement. If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Primary Assets underlying a Series of Certificates may be insured under one or
more of a mortgage pool insurance policy, special hazard insurance policy,
bankruptcy bond or similar credit enhancement. In addition to or in lieu of any
or all of the foregoing, credit enhancement with respect to one or more Classes
of Certificates of a Series may be provided through subordination. See
"Description of the Certificates--Description of Credit Enhancement" herein.
The yield on each Class of Certificates of a Series will be affected by,
among other things, the rate of payment of principal (including prepayments) on
the Primary Assets in the related Trust and the timing of receipt of such
payments. See "Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations" herein and in the
related Prospectus Supplement. A Trust may be subject to early termination under
the circumstances described herein or in the related Prospectus Supplement.
None of the Certificates of any Series will represent an interest in or
obligation of the Depositor, the Seller, the Master Servicer, the Trustee or any
of their respective affiliates. None of the Certificates of any Series or the
underlying Primary Assets will be insured or guaranteed by any governmental
agency or instrumentality or by the Depositor, the Seller, the Master Servicer,
the Trustee or any of their affiliates, except as set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
THESE CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED
UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR THE RELATED PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER THE RISK FACTORS SET
FORTH UNDER "RISK FACTORS" COMMENCING ON PAGE 15 HEREIN AND IN
THE RELATED PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
Prospective investors should refer to the "Index of Definitions" on page
100 herein for the location of the definitions of capitalized terms that appear
in this Prospectus.
October 27, 1998 (continued on following page)
<PAGE>
(continued from Prospectus cover)
Offers of the Certificates of a Series may be made through one or more
different methods, including offerings through underwriters, as described under
"Plan of Distribution" herein and "Underwriting" in the related Prospectus
Supplement. There will have been no secondary market for the Certificates of any
Series prior to the offering thereof. There can be no assurance that a secondary
market for any Class of Certificates of any Series will develop or, if one does
develop, that it will continue. None of the Certificates will be listed on any
securities exchange.
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more elections
will be made to treat the related Trust or a designated portion of the assets of
the related Trust as one or more "real estate mortgage investment conduits"
(each, a "REMIC") for federal income tax purposes. For a description of certain
tax consequences of owning the Certificates, including, without limitation,
original issue discount, see "Federal Income Tax Consequences" herein and in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Depositor has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, with respect to the Certificates. This Prospectus, which forms a part
of the Registration Statement, omits certain information contained in such
Registration Statement pursuant to the Rules and Regulations of the Commission.
The Registration Statement and the exhibits thereto may be inspected and copied
at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at 450 Fifth
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at its Regional Offices located as
follows: Chicago Regional Office, 500 West Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago,
Illinois 60661-2511; and New York Regional Office, 7 World Trade Center, 3rd
Floor, New York, New York 10007. Copies of such material may also be obtained
from the Public Reference Section of the Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. The Commission maintains an
Internet Web site that contains reports, information statements and other
information regarding the registrants that file electronically with the
Commission. The address of such Internet Web site is http://www.sec.gov.
REPORTS TO HOLDERS
Periodic reports in such frequency as set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement concerning the Trust Assets of each Trust are required to be
forwarded to holders of the Certificates of the related Series. See "Description
of the Certificates--Reports to Holders" herein for the listing of the types of
information that will be included in such report. Any reports forwarded to
holders will not contain financial information that has been examined and
reported upon by, with an opinion expressed by, an independent public or
certified public accountant.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
All reports and other documents filed by the Depositor pursuant to Section
13(a), Section 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, with respect to the Trust for each Series subsequent to the date of
this Prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of the Certificates
evidencing an interest in such Trust shall be deemed to be incorporated by
reference in this Prospectus and to be a part hereof. Any statement contained
herein or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference
herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this
Prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other
subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by
reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so
modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded,
to constitute a part of this Prospectus.
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The Depositor will provide without charge to each person to whom a copy of
this Prospectus is delivered, on the written or oral request of any such person,
a copy of any of or all the documents incorporated herein by reference (other
than exhibits to such documents). Requests for such copies should be directed to
the Depositor at 4435 Main Street, Suite 500, Kansas City, Missouri 64111,
Attention: Corporate Counsel.
3
<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF PROSPECTUS
The following Summary of Prospectus is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the detailed information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus and
by reference to the information with respect to each Series of Certificates
contained in the related Prospectus Supplement. Capitalized terms used but not
defined in this Summary of Prospectus shall have the meanings ascribed to such
terms elsewhere in this Prospectus. The Index of Definitions included in this
Prospectus on page 100 hereof sets forth the pages on which the definitions of
capitalized terms appear.
Title of Certificates Block Mortgage Finance Asset Backed Certificates,
issuable in series (the "Certificates").
Depositor ........... Block Mortgage Finance, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Depositor") and a wholly
owned, limited purpose subsidiary of the
Seller.
Seller .............. Companion Mortgage Corporation, a Delaware corporation
(the "Seller") and a wholly owned subsidiary
of Block Financial Corporation and/or other institutions
as set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Master Servicer ..... Block Financial Corporation, a Delaware
corporation (the "Master Servicer") and an
indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of H&R
Block, Inc.
Trustee ............. The entity or entities named as trustee in
the related Prospectus Supplement (the
"Trustee").
Cut-off Date ........ The date specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement after which payments
due or received on the related Primary
Assets, as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, are transferred to
the related Trust and available for
payment to the holders of the related
Certificates (each, a "Cut-off Date").
Closing Date ........ The date on which the Certificates of any
Series are initially issued (each, a
"Closing Date") as specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
Description of
Certificates ........ The Certificates of each Series may be
issued in one or more classes (each, a "Class") and will
represent "Description of the Primary Assets" herein.
Series of Certificates may include one or more Classes
entitled to distributions of principal and
disproportionate, nominal interest and disproportionate,
nominal or no principal distributions. The principal
amount of any Certificate may be zero or may be a
notional amount as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. A Class of Certificates of a Series entitled
to payments of interest may receive interest at a
specified rate (a "Pass-Through Rate") which may be
fixed or adjustable and may differ from other Classes of
the same Series, may receive interest. Based on the
weighted average interest rate on the underlying Primary
Assets or may receive interest as otherwise determined,
all as described in the related Prospectus Supplement.
One or more Classes of a Series
4
<PAGE>
may be Certificates upon which interest will accrue but
not be currently paid until certain other Classes have
received principal payments due to them in full or until
the happening or certain events, as set forth in the
related Prospectus Supplement. One or more Classes of
Certificates of a Series may be entitled to receive
principal payments pursuant to a planned amortization
schedule or may be entitled to receive interest payments
based on a notional principal amount which reduces in
accordance with a planned amortization schedule. A
Series may also include one or more Classes of
Certificates entitled to payments derived from a
specified group or groups of Primary Assets held by the
related Trust. The rights of one or more Classes of
Certificates may be senior or subordinate to the rights
of one or more of the other Classes of certificates. A
Series may include two or more Classes of Certificates
which differ as to the timing, sequential order,
priority of payment or amount of distributions of
principal or interest or both.
Distribution Date ... The date specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement on which payments
will be made to holders of Certificates
(each, a "Distribution Date").
Determination Date .. With respect to each Distribution Date, the
business day (each, a "Determination Date") specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement.
Record Date ......... The calendar day (each, a "Record Date")
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Distributions of Interest
on the Certificates . Interest on each Class of Certificates of
a Series (other than a Class of
Certificates entitled to receive only
principal) will accrue during each period
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement (each, an "Accrual Period") at
the Pass-Through Rate for such Class
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Interest accrued on each
Class of Certificates at the applicable
Pass-Through Rate during each Accrual
Period will be paid, to the extent monies
are available therefor, on each
Distribution Date, commencing on the day
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, and will be distributed in the
manner specified in such Prospectus
Supplement, except for any Class of
Certificates ("Accrual Certificates") on
which interest is to accrue and not be
paid until the principal of certain other
Classes has been paid in full or until the
occurrence of certain events as specified
in such Prospectus Supplement. If so
described in the related Prospectus
Supplement, interest that has accrued but
is not yet payable on any Accrual
Certificates will be added to the
principal balance thereof on each
Distribution Date and will thereafter bear
interest at the applicable Pass-Through
Rate. Payments of interest with respect
to any Class of Certificates entitled to
receive interest only or a
disproportionate amount of interest and
principal will be paid in the manner set
forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Payments of interest (or
accruals of
5
<PAGE>
interest, in the case of Accrual Certificates) with
respect to any Series of Certificates or one or more
Classes of Certificates of such Series, may be reduced
to the extent of interest shortfalls not covered by
Advances, if any, or by any applicable credit
enhancement.
Distribution of
Principal of the
Certificates ........ On each Distribution Date, commencing with
the Distribution Date specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, principal
received or advanced with respect to the
related Primary Assets during the period
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement (each such period, a "Due
Period") will be paid to holders of the
Certificates of the related Series (other
than a Class of Certificates of such
Series entitled to receive interest only)
in the priority, manner and amount
specified in such Prospectus Supplement,
to the extent funds are available
therefor. Payments of principal with
respect to a Series of Certificates or one
or more Classes of such Series may be
reduced to the extent of delinquencies or
losses not covered by Advances, if any, or
any applicable credit enhancement.
Denominations ....... Each Class of Certificates of a Series
will be issued in the minimum
denominations set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Each individual
Certificate of a Class of Certificates
will represent a percentage interest (a
"Percentage Interest") in the related
Class determined by dividing the original
principal balance (or original Notional
Principal Amount, in the case of
Certificates entitled to interest only and
assigned a Notional Principal Amount)
represented by such individual Certificate
by the original aggregate principal
balance of all Certificates of the related
Class (or original aggregate Notional
Principal Amount of the related Class, if
applicable). The "Notional Principal
Amount" with respect to any Certificate
having a Notional Principal Amount will be
calculated as set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
Registration of
the Certificates ..... Each or any Class of Certificates
of a Series may be issued in definitive form or may
initially be represented by one or more certificates
("Book-Entry Certificates") registered in the name of
Cede & Co. ("Cede"), the nominee of The Depository Trust
Company ("DTC"), and available only in the form of
book-entries on the records of DTC, participating
members thereof ("Participants") and other entities,
such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies,
that clear through or maintain custodial relationships
with a Participant, either directly or indirectly
("Indirect Participants"). Certificateholders may also
hold Certificates of a Series through CEDEL or Euroclear
(in Europe), if they are participants in such systems or
indirectly through organizations that are participants
in such systems. Certificates representing Book Entry
Certificates will be issued in definitive form only
under the limited circumstances described herein and in
the related Prospectus Supplement. With respect to
Book-Entry Certificates, all references herein and in
the Prospectus Supplement to "holders" shall reflect the
rights of owners of the Book-Entry
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<PAGE>
Certificates as they may indirectly exercise such rights
through DTC and Participants, except as otherwise
specified herein. See "Risk Factors" and "Description of
the Certificates--Registration and Transfer of the
Certificates" herein.
The Trusts .......... The Trust for a Series of Certificates
will include certain mortgage related
assets (the "Primary Assets") consisting
of Single Family Loans and/or Contracts,
together with payments in respect of such
assets and certain other accounts,
obligations or agreements, in each case as
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. All of the Primary Assets
will have been purchased by the Depositor
from the Seller and/or from other
institutions as set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
A. Single Family
Loans ........ Single Family Loans will be
secured by first, second or more junior
liens on residential properties. Such
Single Family Loans may be conventional
loans (i.e., loans that are not insured or
guaranteed by any governmental agency),
insured by the Federal Housing Authority
("FHA") or partially guaranteed by the
Veterans' Administration ("VA"), as
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. If specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the Single Family
Loans may include (i) closed-end home
equity loans ("Home Equity Loans") and/or
(ii) Title I Loans and other types of home
improvement loans each of which will be
secured by first, second or more junior
liens on fee simple or leasehold interests
in one to four-family residential
properties. See "Description of the
Primary Assets--Single Family Loans" herein.
B. Contracts .... Contracts will consist of first lien or
junior lien mortgage loans secured by
residential real property, together with
the manufactured Homes located thereon.
Contracts may be conventional, insured by
the FHA or partially guaranteed by the VA,
as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. See "Description of the
Primary Assets--Contracts" herein.
C. Terms of the
Primary Assets The payment terms of the Primary Assets to
be included in a Trust will be described
in the related Prospectus Supplement and
may include any of the following features
or combinations thereof or other features
described in the related Prospectus
Supplement:
(a) Interest may be payable at a fixed rate, a rate
adjustable from time to time in relation to an index
(which will be specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement), a rate that is fixed for a period of time
or under certain circumstances and is followed by an
adjustable rate, a rate that otherwise varies from
time to time, or a rate that is convertible from an
adjustable rate to a fixed rate (the "Mortgage Rate").
Changes to an adjustable rate may be subject to
periodic limitations, maximum rates, minimum rates or
a combination of such limitations. Accrued interest
may be deferred and added to the principal of a loan
for such periods and under such circumstances as may
be specified in the related
7
<PAGE>
Prospectus Supplement. The Primary Assets may provide
for the payment of interest at a rate lower than the
specified Mortgage Rate for a period of time or for
the life of the loan, and the amount of any difference
may be contributed from funds supplied by the seller
of the Mortgaged Property or another source.
(b) Principal may be payable on a level debt service
basis to fully amortize the loan over its term, may be
calculated on the basis of an assumed amortization
schedule that is significantly longer than the
original term to maturity or on an interest rate that
is different from the interest rate on the Primary
Asset or may not be amortized during all or a portion
of the original term. Payment of all or a substantial
portion of the principal may be due on maturity
("balloon payments"). Principal may include interest
that has been deferred and added to the principal
balance of the Primary Asset.
(c) Monthly payments of principal and interest on the
Primary Assets (the "Monthly Payments") may be fixed
for the life of the loan, may increase over a
specified period of time or may change from period to
period. Primary Assets may include limits on periodic
increases or decreases in the amount of Monthly
Payments and may include maximum or minimum amounts of
Monthly Payments.
(d) Prepayments of principal may be subject to a
prepayment fee, which may be fixed for the life of the
Primary Asset or may decline over time, and may be
prohibited for the life of the Primary Asset or for
certain periods ("lockout periods"). Certain Primary
Assets may permit prepayments after expiration of the
applicable lockout period and may require the payment
of a prepayment fee in connection with any such
subsequent prepayment. Other Primary Assets may permit
prepayments without payment of a fee unless the
prepayment occurs during specified time periods. The
Primary Assets may include "due-on-sale" clauses which
permit the mortgagee to demand payment of the entire
Primary Asset in connection with the sale or certain
transfers of the related Mortgaged Property. Other
Primary Assets may be assumable by persons meeting the
then applicable underwriting standards for such
Primary Asset.
(e) The real property constituting security for
repayment of a Primary Asset (the "Mortgaged
Property") may be located in any one of the fifty
states, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico or
any other territory of the United States. The Primary
Assets will be required to be covered by standard
hazard insurance policies insuring against losses due
to fire and various other causes as discussed herein
and, to the extent not covered herein, in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The Primary Assets will be
covered by primary mortgage insurance policies to the
extent provided in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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<PAGE>
The Prospectus Supplement for each Series of
Certificates will specify certain information with
respect to the related Primary Assets initially
deposited into the related Trust including, without
limitation, the aggregate original principal balance of
the Primary Assets initially deposited into the related
Trust, the respective percentages of such Primary Assets
which are secured by first mortgages, second mortgages
and more junior mortgages, the minimum and maximum
outstanding principal balances of such Primary Assets,
the Mortgage Rate (fixed or adjustable) together with,
with respect to such adjustable rate Primary Assets
initially deposited into the related Trust, the index
upon which the interest rate is based, the weighted
average original term to maturity, the weighted average
remaining term to maturity, the minimum and maximum
remaining terms to maturity and the range of origination
dates. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, such information may be approximate, based
on the expected Primary Assets to be included in the
related Trust, in which case the final information, to
the extent of any variances, will be contained in the
Form 8-K referred to below. See "Description of the
Primary Assets" herein and "Description of the Mortgage
Pool" in the related Prospectus Supplement. A Current
Report on Form 8-K (each, a "Form 8-K") will be
available to purchasers or underwriters of the related
Series of Certificates and will be filed, together with
the related primary documents, with the Commission
within fifteen days after the related Closing Date.
Forward Commitments;
Prefunding ........ If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, a portion of the proceeds of
the sale of one or more Classes of
Certificates of a Series may be deposited
in a segregated account (a "Prefunding
Account") to be applied to acquire
additional Primary Assets. The times and
requirements for the acquisition of such
Primary Assets will be set forth in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or
other agreement with the Depositor and/or
Seller and will be disclosed in the
related Prospectus Supplement. Monies on
deposit in the Prefunding Account and not
applied to acquire such additional Primary
Assets within the time set forth in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or
other applicable agreement, which shall in
no event exceed six months, shall be used
in the manner set forth in related
Prospectus Supplement, including being
treated as a principal prepayment and
applied in the manner described in the
related Prospectus Supplement. The amount
initially deposited into a Prefunding
Account for a Series of Certificates will
not exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of
the aggregate principal amount of such
Series of Certificates.
Optional Termination The Master Servicer, the Depositor
and/or any other entity specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement may have the
option to effect the early termination of
a Series of Certificates through the
purchase of the Primary Assets and other
assets in the related Trust under the
circumstances and in the manner described
in "The Trusts--
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<PAGE>
Optional Disposition of Primary Assets" herein and in
the related Prospectus Supplement.
Mandatory Termination If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the Trustee, the
Master Servicer, the Seller, the Depositor
and/or any other entity as may be
specified in such Prospectus Supplement
may be required to effect early retirement
of a Series of Certificates by soliciting
competitive bids for the purchase of the
Primary Assets and other assets in the
related Trust or otherwise, under the
circumstances and in the manner specified
under "The Trusts--Mandatory Disposition of
Primary Assets" herein.
Yield and Prepayment
Considerations .... The yield on each Class of Certificates of
a Series will be affected by, among other
things, the rate of payment of principal
(including prepayments) on the Primary
Assets in the related Trust and the timing
of receipt of such payments. See "Certain
Yield and Prepayment Considerations"
herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The Prospectus Supplement for
a Series may specify certain yield
calculations for Classes receiving
disproportionate allocations of principal
and interest based upon an assumed rate or
range of prepayment assumptions on the
related Primary Assets. A higher level of
principal prepayments on the related
Primary Assets than anticipated is likely
to have an adverse effect on the yield of
any Class of Certificates that is
purchased at a premium (including
Certificates entitled to receive interest
only) and a lower level of principal
prepayments on the related Primary Assets
than anticipated is likely to have an
adverse effect on the yield of any Class
of Certificates that is purchased at a
discount. In either case, those
Certificateholders may fail to recoup
fully their initial investment. See
"Certain Yield and Prepayment
Considerations" herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
Credit Enhancement .. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, credit enhancement may be
provided by any one or a combination of a
letter of credit, financial guaranty
insurance policy, reserve fund, spread
account, cash collateral account,
overcollateralization,
cross-collateralization or other type of
credit enhancement to provide full or
partial coverage for certain defaults and
losses relating to the underlying Primary
Assets. In addition, if specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the Primary
Assets underlying a Series of Certificates
may be insured under one or more of a
mortgage pool insurance policy, special
hazard insurance policy, bankruptcy bond
or similar credit enhancement. Credit
support may also be provided by
subordination. The amount of any credit
enhancement may be limited or have
exclusions from coverage and may decline
or be reduced over time or under certain
circumstances, all as specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement. See
"Description of the
Certificates--Description of Credit
Enhancement" herein.
A. Subordination A Series of Certificates may consist of
one or more classes of Senior Certificates
and one or more classes of Subordinated
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Certificates. The rights of the holders of the
Subordinated Certificates of a Series to receive
distributions with respect to the Trust Assets will be
subordinated to such rights of the holders of the Senior
Certificates of the same Series to the extent described
in the related Prospectus Supplement. This subordination
is intended to enhance the likelihood of regular receipt
by holders of Senior Certificates of the full amount of
monthly payments of principal and interest due them. The
protection afforded to the holders of Senior
Certificates of a Series by means of the subordination
feature will be accomplished by: (i) the preferential
right of such holders to receive, prior to any
distribution being made in respect of the related
Subordinated Certificates, the amounts of interest
and/or principal due them on each Distribution Date out
of the funds available for distribution on such date
and, to the extent described in the related Prospectus
Supplement, by the right of such holders to receive
future distributions on the assets in the related Trust
that would otherwise have been payable to the holders of
Subordinated Certificates; (ii) reducing the ownership
interest (if applicable) or principal balance of the
related Subordinated Certificates through the allocation
of losses on the related Primary Assets; (iii) a
combination of clauses (i) and (ii) above; or (iv) as
otherwise described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, subordination may apply only in the event of
certain types of losses not covered by other forms of
credit enhancement, such as hazard losses not covered by
standard hazard insurance policies or losses due to the
bankruptcy or fraud of the Mortgagor. The related
Prospectus Supplement will set forth information
concerning, among other things, the amount of
subordination of a Class or Classes of Subordinated
Certificates in a Series, the circumstances in which
such subordination will be applicable, and the manner,
if any, in which the amount of subordination will
decrease over time.
B. Reserve Account One or more reserve accounts (each, a
"Reserve Account") may be established and
maintained for each Series of
Certificates. The related Prospectus
Supplement will specify whether such
Reserve Accounts will be included in the
corpus of the Trust for such Series and
will also specify the manner of funding
such Reserve Accounts and the conditions
under which the amounts in any such
Reserve Accounts will be used to make
distributions to holders of Certificates
of a particular Class or released from
such Reserve Accounts.
C. Overcollateralization.
If specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, credit support may
consist of overcollateralization whereby
the aggregate principal amount of the
Primary Assets exceeds the aggregate
principal balance of the Certificates of
such Series. Such overcollateralization
may exist on the Closing Date or develop
thereafter as a result of the application
of certain interest collections or other
collections received in connection with
the Trust Assets in excess of amounts
necessary to pay the Pass-Through Rate on
the Certificates. The existence of any
overcollateralization and the manner, if
any, by
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which it increases or decreases, will be
set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
D. Special Hazard
Insurance Policy If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, certain classes of
Certificates of a Series may have the
benefit of a special hazard insurance
policy or policies (each, a "Special
Hazard Policy") covering certain physical
risks that are not other- wise insured
against by standard hazard insurance
policies. Each Special Hazard Policy will
be limited in scope and will cover losses
pursuant to the provisions of each such
Special Hazard Policy as described in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
E. Bankruptcy Bond One or more bankruptcy bonds (each, a
"Bankruptcy Bond") may be obtained
covering certain losses resulting from
action which may be taken by a bankruptcy
court in connection with a Primary Asset.
The level of coverage and the limitations
in scope of each Bankruptcy Bond will be
specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
F. Pool Insurance Policy
A mortgage pool insurance
policy or policies (each, a "Pool
Insurance Policy") may be obtained and
maintained for Primary Assets relating to
any Series of Certificates, which shall be
limited in scope, covering defaults on the
related Primary Assets in an amount equal
to a specified percentage of the aggregate
principal balance of all Primary Assets
included in the Trust.
G. Cross-
collateralization If specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, separate Classes of
a Series of Certificates may evidence the
beneficial ownership of, or be secured by,
separate groups of assets included in a
Trust. In such case, credit support may
be provided by a cross-collateralization
feature which requires that distributions
be made with respect to Certificates
evidencing beneficial ownership of, or
secured by, one or more asset groups prior
to distributions to other Classes of
Certificates evidencing a beneficial
ownership interest in, or secured by,
other asset groups within the same Trust.
If specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the coverage provided by one
or more forms of credit support may apply
concurrently to two or more separate
Trusts. If applicable, the related
Prospectus Supplement will identify the
Trusts to which such credit support
relates and the manner of determining the
amount of the coverage provided thereby
and of the application of such coverage to
the identified Trusts.
H. Other
Arrangements Other arrangements as described in
the related Prospectus Supplement including, but not
limited to, one or more letters of credit, surety bonds,
other insurance or third-party guarantees may be used to
provide coverage for certain risks of defaults or
various types of losses.
Advances............. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Master Servicer may be
required (i) to make advances (each, a
"P&I
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Advance"), to the extent deemed recoverable, or (ii) to
withdraw from any Collection Account specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement amounts on deposit therein
and held for future distribution, in each case in
respect of (A) interest on the Primary Assets due during
the related Due Period but uncollected as of the related
Determination Date (net of the Servicing Fee) and/or (B)
principal on the Primary Assets scheduled to be paid
during the related Due Period but uncollected as of the
related Determination Date, other than a balloon
payment. See "The Trusts--Advances; Servicing Advances"
herein.
Servicing Fee........ The Master Servicer will be entitled to
receive a fee for its servicing duties in
the amount specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement (the "Servicing
Fee"), payable from payments on the
related Primary Assets (as specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement),
Liquidation Proceeds, Released Mortgaged
Property Proceeds and certain other
sources as provided in the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement.
Ratings.............. It is a condition to the issuance of each
Series of Certificates that each Class of
the Certificates of such Series offered
pursuant to this Prospectus and the
related Prospectus Supplement be rated by
one or more of Moody's Investors Service,
Inc. ("Moody's"), Standard & Poor's
Ratings Services, a division of The
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ("S&P"), Fitch
IBCA, Inc. ("Fitch") and Duff & Phelps
Credit Rating Co. ("D&P"; and each of D&P,
Fitch, Moody's and S&P, a "Rating Agency")
in one of their four highest rating
categories. A security rating is not a
recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities and may be subject to revision
or withdrawal at any time. No person is
obligated to maintain any rating on any
Certificate, and, accordingly, there can
be no assurance that the ratings assigned
to any Class of Certificates upon initial
issuance thereof will not be lowered or
withdrawn by a Rating Agency at any time
thereafter. If a rating of any Class of
Certificates of a Series is revised or
withdrawn, the liquidity of such Class of
Certificates may be adversely affected.
In general, the ratings address credit
risk and do not represent any assessment
of the likelihood or rate of principal
prepayments. See "Risk Factors--Limited
Liquidity" and "Ratings" herein.
Federal Income Tax
Consequences..... The federal income tax consequences of
each Trust will depend upon, among other
factors, whether one or more elections are
made to treat a Trust or specific portion
thereof as a "real estate mortgage
investment conduit" ("REMIC") under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the "Code"), or, if no REMIC election is
made, whether the Certificates are
considered to be Pass-Through Securities
or Stripped Securities. The related
Prospectus Supplement will specify whether
a REMIC election will be made. See
"Federal Income Tax Consequences" herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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Legal Investment..... Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, no Class of
Certificates will constitute "mortgage
related securities" for purposes of the
Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act
of 1984 ("SMMEA") because, among other
things, the related Trust will include
Primary Assets that are secured by second
mortgages. Investors should consult their
own legal advisors in determining whether
and to what extent a Class of Certificates
constitutes legal investments for such
investors. See "Legal Investment Matters"
herein.
ERISA Considerations. A fiduciary of any employee benefit plan
or other retirement plan or arrangement
subject to the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended
("ERISA"), or the Code should carefully
review with its legal advisors whether the
purchase or holding of Certificates could
give rise to a transaction prohibited or
not otherwise permissible under ERISA or
the Code. Certain Classes of Certificates
may not be acquired or transferred unless
the Trustee and the Depositor are
furnished with a letter of representation
or an opinion of counsel to the effect
that such acquisition or transfer will not
result in a violation of the prohibited
transaction provisions of ERISA and the
Code and will not subject the Trustee, the
Depositor or the Master Servicer to
additional obligations. See "ERISA
Considerations" herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
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<PAGE>
RISK FACTORS
Investors should consider the following material risks in connection with
the purchase of Certificates:
Limited Liquidity. There will be no market for the Certificates of any
Series prior to the issuance thereof, and there is no assurance that a secondary
market for any of the Certificates will develop or, if one does develop, that it
will provide Certificateholders with liquidity of investment or that it will
continue for the life of such Certificates.
Limited Source of Payments, Limited Obligations of Seller, Depositor or
Master Servicer. The Depositor does not have, nor is it expected to have, any
significant assets. Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Certificates of a Series will be payable solely from the Trust
Assets in the related Trust and will not have any claim against or security
interest in the Trust for any other Series. There will be no recourse to the
Depositor or any other person for any failure to receive distributions on the
Certificates. Consequently, Certificateholders of each Series must rely solely
upon payments with respect to the Trust Assets for a Series of Certificates,
including, if applicable, any amounts available pursuant to any credit
enhancement for such Series, for the payment of principal of and interest on the
Certificates of such Series.
The Certificates of any Series will not represent an interest in or
obligation of the Depositor, the Seller, the Master Servicer, the Trustee or any
of their respective affiliates. In addition, if the Seller fails to repurchase
any Primary Asset with respect to which it has a repurchase obligation as a
result of a breach of a representation or warranty, the Depositor will have no
obligation to purchase such Primary Asset from the Trust. The Master Servicer's
servicing obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement may
include its limited obligation to make certain Advances, but only to the extent
deemed recoverable.
Yield and Prepayment Considerations. The yield to maturity of each Class
of Certificates of a Series will depend on the rate and timing of payment of
principal on the related Primary Assets, including prepayments, liquidations due
to defaults, repurchases due to defective documentation and breaches of
representations and warranties or early termination of the Trust. Such yield may
be adversely affected by a higher or lower than anticipated rate of prepayments
on the Primary Assets. Prepayments are influenced by a number of factors,
including prevailing mortgage market interest rates, local and regional economic
conditions and homeowner mobility. The yield to maturity of certain Classes of
Certificates identified in the related Prospectus Supplement may be particularly
sensitive to the rate and timing of principal payments (including prepayments,
liquidations and repurchases) of the related Primary Assets, which may fluctuate
significantly from time to time. Generally, mortgage loans with rates which are
higher, and especially if they are significantly higher, than prevailing
mortgage market interest rates will prepay faster than mortgage loans which have
rates set closer to the then prevailing mortgage market interest rates.
Therefore, in a declining interest rate environment, Primary Assets with higher
Mortgage Rates may prepay faster than anticipated. Investors in a Class of
Certificates offered at a discount from the principal amount thereof or with no
stated principal amount should fully consider the associated risks, including
the risk that a rapid rate of principal payments could result in the failure of
such investors to recoup their initial investments. See "Certain Yield and
Prepayment Considerations" herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Lower Credit Quality Primary Assets. Certain of the Primary Assets
underlying a Series of Certificates may have been made to lower credit quality
borrowers who have marginal credit and fall into one of two categories:
customers with moderate income, limited assets and other income characteristics
which cause difficulty in borrowing from banks and other traditional sources of
lenders, and customers
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<PAGE>
with a derogatory credit report including a history of irregular employment,
previous bankruptcy filings, repossession of property, charged-off loans and
garnishment of wages. The average Mortgage Rate on Primary Assets made to these
types of borrowers is generally higher than that charged by lenders that
typically impose more stringent credit requirements. The payment experience on
loans made to these types of borrowers is likely to be different (i.e., greater
likelihood of late payments or defaults, less likelihood of prepayments) from
that on loans made to borrowers with higher credit quality, and is likely to be
more sensitive to changes in the economic climate in the areas in which such
borrowers reside. See "Description of the Primary Assets" herein and
"Description of the Mortgage Pool" in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Nature of Security. Certain of the Primary Assets underlying the
Certificates of a Series may be secured by Mortgages junior or subordinate to
one or more other mortgages ("Senior Liens"), and the related Senior Liens will
not be included in the Primary Assets. Although little data is available, the
rate of default of second or more junior mortgage loans may be greater than that
of mortgage loans secured by Senior Liens on comparable properties. A primary
risk to holders of Primary Assets secured by junior Mortgages is the possibility
that adequate funds will not be received in connection with a foreclosure of the
related Senior Lien to satisfy fully both the Senior Lien and the Primary Asset.
If a holder of the Senior Lien forecloses on a Mortgaged Property, the proceeds
of the foreclosure or similar sale generally will be applied first to the
payment of court costs and fees in connection with the foreclosure, second to
real estate taxes, and third to satisfaction of all principal, interest,
prepayment or acceleration penalties, if any, and any other sums due and owing
to the holder of the Senior Lien. The claims of the holder of the Senior Lien
will be satisfied in full out of proceeds of the liquidation of the Primary
Asset, if such proceeds are sufficient, before the related Trust, as holder of
the junior Mortgage, receives any payments in respect of such Primary Asset. If
the Master Servicer were to foreclose on any Primary Asset which is a junior
mortgage loan, it would do so subject to any related Senior Lien. The debt
related to such Primary Asset would not be paid in full at such sale unless a
bidder at the foreclosure sale of such Primary Asset bids an amount sufficient
to pay off all sums due under such Primary Asset and the Senior Lien or
purchases the Mortgaged Property subject to the Senior Lien. If such proceeds
from a foreclosure or similar sale of the related Mortgaged Property are
insufficient to satisfy such loans in the aggregate, the related Trust, as the
holder of the junior Mortgage, and, accordingly, holders of the Certificates
would bear (i) the risk of delay in distributions while a deficiency judgment
against the Mortgagor is obtained and (ii) the risk of loss if the deficiency
judgment is not realized upon. Moreover, deficiency judgments may not be
available in certain jurisdictions. In addition, a junior mortgagee may not
foreclose on the property securing a junior Mortgage unless it forecloses
subject to the Senior Lien. In servicing second Mortgages, the Master Servicer
may, but is not obligated to, advance funds to keep the related Senior Lien
current in the event the Mortgagor is in default thereunder until such time as
the Master Servicer satisfies the Senior Lien by sale of the Mortgaged Property,
if it determines such Advances will be recoverable from future payments and
collections on that Primary Asset or otherwise. The related Trust will have no
source of funds to satisfy any Senior Lien or make payments due to any senior
mortgagee. The junior Mortgages securing the Primary Assets are subject and
subordinate to any Senior Liens affecting the related Mortgaged Property.
In addition to the foregoing, certain of the Primary Assets underlying the
Certificates of a Series may have Loan-to-Value Ratios or Combined Loan-to-Value
Ratios in excess of 100%. As a result, the Mortgaged Property may not provide
adequate security for the related Primary Asset. In the event the Mortgaged
Property fails to provide adequate security for the related Primary Asset, the
Certificateholders of the related Trust could, absent credit enhancement
features, experience a loss.
Balloon Payments. Certain of the Primary Assets underlying a Series of
Certificates may provide for the payment of the unamortized principal balance of
the Primary Asset in a single payment at the maturity of the Primary Asset that
is greater than the preceding monthly payment ("Balloon Loans"). See
"Description of the Primary Assets" herein and "Description of the Mortgage
Pool" in the related
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<PAGE>
Prospectus Supplement. Because Mortgagors under Balloon Loans are required to
make a relatively large single payment upon maturity, it is possible that the
default risk associated with Balloon Loans is greater than that associated with
fully-amortizing mortgage loans. The ability of a Mortgagor on a Balloon Loan to
repay the Primary Asset upon maturity frequently depends upon, among other
things, the Mortgagor's ability to refinance the Primary Asset, which will be
affected by a number of factors, including, without limitation, the level of
mortgage rates available in the primary mortgage market at the time, the
Mortgagor's equity in the related Mortgaged Property, the financial condition of
the Mortgagor, the condition of the Mortgaged Property, tax law, general
economic conditions and the general willingness of financial institutions and
primary mortgage bankers to extend credit.
Although a low interest rate environment may facilitate the refinancing of
a balloon payment, the receipt and reinvestment by holders of the Certificates
of the proceeds in such an environment may produce a lower return than that
previously received in respect of the related Primary Asset. Conversely, a high
interest rate environment may make it more difficult for the Mortgagor to
accomplish a refinancing and may result in delinquencies or defaults.
Prefunding Accounts May Adversely Affect Investment. If a Trust includes a
Prefunding Account and the principal balance of additional Primary Assets
delivered to the Trust after the Closing Date is less than the amount initially
deposited into the Prefunding Account, the holders of the Certificates of the
related Series will receive a prepayment of principal as and to the extent
described in the related Prospectus Supplement. Any such principal prepayment
may adversely affect the yield to maturity of the applicable Certificates. Since
prevailing interest rates are subject to fluctuation, there can be no assurance
that investors will be able to reinvest such prepayments at yields equaling or
exceeding the yields on the related Certificates. It is possible that the yield
on any such reinvestment will be lower, and may be substantially lower, than the
yield on the related Certificates
The ability of a Trust to invest in additional Primary Assets during the
Prefunding Period (as defined in the related Prospectus Supplement) will be
dependent upon the ability of the Depositor to acquire Primary Assets that
satisfy the requirements for transfer to the Trust. Although such additional
Primary Assets must satisfy the characteristics described in the related
Prospectus Supplement, such Primary Assets may have certain different
characteristics, including, without limitation, a more recent origination date
than the Primary Assets originally transferred to the Trust or a lesser credit
quality. As a result, the addition of such additional Primary Assets pursuant to
the Prefunding Account may adversely affect the performance of the related
Certificates.
Limitations, Reduction and Substitution of Credit Enhancement. Credit
enhancement may be provided with respect to one or more Classes of Certificates
of a Series to cover certain types of losses on the underlying Primary Assets.
Credit enhancement may be provided by one or more forms, including but not
limited to subordination of one or more Classes of Certificates of such Series,
letter of credit, financial guaranty insurance policy, mortgage pool insurance
policy, special hazard insurance policy, bankruptcy bond, reserve fund, spread
account, cash collateral account, overcollateralization, cross-collateralization
or other type of credit enhancement. The coverage of any credit enhancement may
be limited or have exclusions from coverage and may decline over time or under
certain circumstances, all as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
See "Description of the Certificates--Description of Credit Enhancement" herein.
Basis Risk. The Primary Assets in a Trust may accrue interest at variable
rates based on changes in specified indexes (as set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement) which may adjust monthly, quarterly, annually or
otherwise. The Certificates, however, may accrue interest at Pass-Through Rates
that are variable rates based on different indexes and which may adjust at
different periods. Consequently, the weighted average rate on the Primary Assets
may not equal the weighted average of the Pass-Through Rates on the
Certificates. The difference between the interest rates on the Primary Assets
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<PAGE>
and the Pass-Through Rates may limit the Pass-Through Rates and
the amount paid to Certificateholders accordingly.
General Economic Conditions. General economic conditions have an impact on
the ability of borrowers to repay mortgage loans. Loss of earnings, illness and
other similar factors may lead to an increase in delinquencies and bankruptcy
filings by borrowers. In the event of personal bankruptcy of a borrower under a
Primary Asset (a "Mortgagor"), it is possible that the holders of the related
Certificates could experience a loss with respect to such Mortgagor's Primary
Asset. In conjunction with a Mortgagor's bankruptcy, a bankruptcy court may
suspend, reduce or reschedule the payments of principal and interest to be paid
with respect to such Primary Asset, thus delaying or reducing the amount
received by the holders of the related Certificates with respect to such Primary
Asset. Moreover, if a bankruptcy court prevents or avoids the transfer of the
related Mortgaged Property to the related Trust, any remaining balance on such
Primary Asset may not be recoverable.
Real Estate Market Conditions. An investment in securities such as the
Certificates which are secured by or represent interests, either directly or
indirectly, in mortgage loans or similar assets may be affected by, among other
things, a decline in real estate values. No assurance can be given that values
of the Mortgaged Properties will remain at the levels existing on the dates of
origination of the related Primary Asset. If the residential real estate market
should experience an overall decline in property values such that the
outstanding balances of the Primary Assets, together with loans secured by
Senior Liens, if any, on the Mortgaged Properties, become equal to or greater
than the value of the Mortgaged Properties, the actual rates of delinquencies,
foreclosures and losses could be higher than those now generally experienced in
the mortgage lending industry.
Geographic Concentration. Certain geographic regions of the United States
from time to time will experience weaker regional economic conditions and
housing markets, and, consequently, will experience higher rates of loss and
delinquency on mortgage loans generally. Any concentration of the Primary Assets
relating to any Series of Certificates in such a region may present risk
considerations in addition to those generally present for similar
mortgage-backed securities without such concentration. See the related
Prospectus Supplement for further information regarding the geographic
concentration of the Primary Assets underlying the Certificates of any Series.
Delays in Liquidating Defaulted Primary Assets. Even assuming that the
Mortgaged Properties provide adequate security for the Primary Assets underlying
a Series of Certificates, substantial delays could be encountered in connection
with the liquidation of defaulted Primary Assets and corresponding delays in the
receipt of related proceeds by the related Trust could occur. An action to
foreclose on a Mortgaged Property securing a Primary Asset is regulated by state
statutes and rules and is subject to many of the delays and expenses of other
lawsuits if defenses or counterclaims are interposed, sometimes requiring
several years to complete. Furthermore, in some states an action to obtain a
deficiency judgment is not permitted following a nonjudicial sale of a Mortgaged
Property. In the event of a default by a Mortgagor, these restrictions, among
other things, may impede the ability of the Master Servicer to foreclose on or
sell the Mortgaged Property or to obtain Net Liquidation Proceeds sufficient to
repay all amounts due on the related Primary Assets. In addition, the Master
Servicer will be entitled to deduct from the Collection Account to the extent
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement all previously made Advances for
all expenses reasonably incurred in attempting to recover amounts due and not
yet repaid on Liquidated Primary Assets, including payments to senior
lienholders, legal fees and costs of legal action, real estate taxes and
maintenance and preservation expenses, thereby reducing collections available to
the related Trust. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Primary Assets--Foreclosure
of Single Family Loans" and "--Rights of Redemption" herein.
Likelihood of Disproportionate Liquidation Expenses.
Liquidation expenses with respect to defaulted Primary Assets do
not vary directly with the outstanding principal balance of the
loan at the
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<PAGE>
time of default. Therefore, assuming that the Master Servicer took the same
steps in realizing upon a defaulted Primary Asset having a small remaining
principal balance as it would in the case of a defaulted Primary Asset having a
large remaining principal balance, the amount realized after expenses of
liquidation would be smaller as a percentage of the outstanding principal
balance of the defaulted Primary Asset having a small remaining principal
balance than would be the case with the defaulted Primary Asset having a large
remaining principal balance. Because the average outstanding principal balance
of the Primary Assets is small relative to the size of the average outstanding
principal balance of the loans in a typical pool consisting only of conventional
purchase-money mortgage loans, Net Liquidation Proceeds on Liquidated Primary
Assets may also be smaller as a percentage of the principal balance of a Primary
Asset than would be the case in a typical pool consisting only of conventional
purchase-money mortgage loans.
Legal Considerations. Applicable state laws generally regulate interest
rates and other charges, require certain disclosures and, unless an exemption is
available, require licensing of the originators of certain Primary Assets. In
addition, most states have other laws, public policies and general principles of
equity relating to the protection of consumers, unfair and deceptive practices
and practices which may apply to the origination, servicing and collection of
the Primary Assets.
The Primary Assets are also subject to federal laws, including, without
limitation: (i) the Federal Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated
thereunder, which require certain disclosures to the Mortgagors regarding the
terms of the Primary Assets; (ii) the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and
Regulation B promulgated thereunder, which prohibit discrimination on the basis
of age, race, color, sex, religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of
public assistance or the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit
Protection Act, in the extension of credit; (iii) the Fair Credit Reporting Act,
which regulates the use and reporting of information related to the Mortgagor's
credit experience; (iv) the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, which
regulates closing and servicing practices relating to first mortgage loans for
one- to four-family residential properties; and (v) certain other laws and
regulations. The Contracts are also subject to general equitable principles and
other rules in consumer credit transactions. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the
Primary Assets--The Contracts" herein.
Certain of the Primary Assets may be subject to the Riegle Community
Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 (the "Riegle Act"), which
incorporates the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act of 1994. These
provisions impose additional disclosure and other requirements on creditors with
respect to non-purchase money mortgage loans with high interest rates or high
up-front fees and charges. The provisions of the Riegle Act apply on a mandatory
basis to all mortgage loans originated on or after October 1, 1995. These
provisions can impose specific statutory liabilities upon creditors who fail to
comply with their provisions and may affect the enforceability of the related
mortgage loans. In addition, any assignee of the creditor would generally be
subject to all claims and defenses that the consumer could assert against the
creditor, including, without limitation, the right to rescind the mortgage loan.
The application of State and Federal consumer protection laws to
particular circumstances is not always certain and in some cases courts and
regulatory authorities have shown a willingness to adopt novel interpretations
of these laws. Depending on the provisions of the applicable law and the
specific facts and circumstances involved, violations of these laws, policies
and principles may limit the ability of an assignee (including a Trust) to
collect all or part of the principal of or interest on the Primary Assets, may
entitle the Mortgagor to a refund of amounts previously paid and, in addition,
could subject the assignee to damages and administrative sanctions. In some
instances, particularly in actions involving fraud or deceptive practices,
damage awards have been large. If a Trust were obligated to pay any such
damages, its assets would be reduced, resulting in a possible loss to
Certificateholders. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Primary Assets" herein.
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Generally, under the terms of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act
of 1940, as amended (the "Relief Act"), a Mortgagor who enters military service
after the origination of such Mortgagor's Primary Asset (including a Mortgagor
who is a member of the National Guard or is in reserve status at the time of the
origination of the Primary Asset and is later called to active duty) may not be
charged interest (including fees and charges) above an annual rate of 6% during
the period of such Mortgagor's active duty status, unless a court orders
otherwise upon application of the lender. It is possible that such action could
have an effect, for an indeterminate period of time, on the ability of the
Master Servicer to collect full amounts of interest on certain of the Primary
Assets underlying a Series of Certificates. In addition, the Relief Act imposes
limitations which would impair the ability of the Master Servicer to foreclose
on an affected Primary Asset during the Mortgagor's period of active duty
status. Thus, in the event that such a Primary Asset goes into default, there
may be delays and losses occasioned by the inability to realize upon the related
Mortgaged Property in a timely fashion.
Under environmental legislation and case law applicable in certain states,
it is possible that liability for environmental hazards in respect of real
property may be imposed on a holder of a mortgage note (such as the Trust)
secured by real property. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Primary
Assets--Environmental
Legislation" herein.
Insolvency Related Matters. Counsel to the Depositor and the Seller will
render an opinion to the Trustee that in the event that the Seller became a
debtor under the United States Bankruptcy Code, the transfer of the Primary
Assets from the Seller to the Depositor in accordance with the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement would be treated as a true sale and not as a pledge to
secure borrowings and that the Depositor would not be substantively consolidated
with the Seller as a single entity or that the assets and/or liabilities of the
Depositor and Seller would not be consolidated. If, however, the transfer of the
Primary Assets from the Seller to the Depositor were treated as a pledge to
secure borrowings by the Seller or if the Depositor were ordered substantively
consolidated with the Seller as a single entity or if the Depositor were to
become bankrupt for any reason, the distribution of proceeds from the Primary
Assets to the Trust might be subject to the automatic stay provisions of the
United States Bankruptcy Code, which would delay the distribution of such
proceeds for an uncertain period of time. In addition, a bankruptcy trustee
would have the power to sell the Primary Assets, or the bankruptcy trustee could
substitute other collateral in lieu of the Primary Assets to secure such debt,
or such debt could be subject to reduction or adjustment by the bankruptcy court
if the Seller were to become the subject of a case for reorganization under
Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.
In addition, the case of Octagon Gas Systems, Inc. v. Rimmer, 995 F.2d 948
(10th Cir. 1993) contains language to the effect that accounts sold by an entity
which subsequently became a debtor in bankruptcy remained property of such
debtor's bankruptcy estate. Although the Contracts constitute chattel paper
rather than accounts under the UCC, sales of chattel paper, like sales of
accounts, are governed by Article 9 of the UCC. If the Depositor or the Seller
were to become a debtor under the United States Bankruptcy Code and a court were
to follow the reasoning of the Tenth Circuit and apply such reasoning to chattel
paper, holders of the Certificates in the related Trust could experience a delay
or reduction in distributions.
Additionally, because the Seller may have purchased the Primary Assets
from other originators or sellers, it is possible that (as a result of recourse
retained against such other originators or sellers or otherwise) the transfer of
the Primary Assets from such originators or sellers to the Seller could be
treated as a pledge rather than a sale and the corresponding negative
implications for delay and reduction of payments by a Trust could apply.
Original Issue Discount. Certain Classes of Certificates of
a Series may be treated as having been issued with original issue
discount for federal income tax purposes. As a result, holders
of such Certificates will be required to include amounts in
income without the receipt of cash corresponding to
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<PAGE>
that income. See "Federal Income Tax Consequences--Original Issue Discount"
herein and, if applicable, in the related Prospectus Supplement.
ERISA Considerations. An investment in a Class of Certificates of any
Series by an employee benefit plan or other plan or arrangement subject to ERISA
or Section 4975 of the Code (a "Plan") may give rise to a prohibited transaction
under Section 406 of ERISA and/or be subject to tax under Section 4975 of the
Code, unless a statutory or administrative exemption is available. Accordingly,
fiduciaries of any Plan or any insurance company (whether through its general or
separate accounts) or other person investing "plan assets" of any Plan, should
consult their counsel before purchasing any Class of Certificates. Certain
Classes of Certificates will not be eligible for purchase by, on behalf of or
with "plan assets" of Plans. See "ERISA Considerations" herein and in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
Ratings Not a Recommendation. It is a condition to the issuance of the
Certificates offered pursuant to this Prospectus and the related Prospectus
Supplement that each such Class of Certificates be rated in one of the four
highest rating categories by one or more of Moody's, S&P, Fitch or D&P. See
"Ratings" herein. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time. No person
is obligated to maintain the rating on any Certificate and, accordingly, there
can be no assurance that the ratings assigned to any Class of Certificates on
the date on which such Certificates are initially issued will not be lowered or
withdrawn by a Rating Agency at any time thereafter. In the event any rating is
revised or withdrawn, the liquidity of the related Certificates may be adversely
affected.
Book-Entry Certificates. Issuance of any of the Certificates in book-entry
form may reduce the liquidity of such Certificates in the secondary trading
market because investors may be unwilling to purchase Certificates for which
they cannot obtain physical certificates. See "Description of the
Certificates--Registration and Transfer of the Certificates" herein.
Difficulty in Pledging. Because transactions in Certificates of a Series
in book-entry form may be effected only through DTC, Participants and Indirect
Participants, the ability of an Owner to pledge such a Certificate to persons or
entities that do not participate in the DTC system, or otherwise to take actions
in respect of such Certificates, may be limited due to the lack of a physical
certificate representing such Certificate. See "Description of the
Certificates--Registration and Transfer of the Certificates" herein.
Potential Delays in Receipt of Payments. Owners of Certificates issued in
book-entry form may experience some delay in their receipt of payments of
interest and principal on the Certificates because such payments will be
forwarded to DTC and DTC will credit such payments to the accounts of its
Participants which will thereafter credit them to the accounts of Owners either
directly or indirectly through Indirect Participants. See "Description of the
Certificates--Registration and Transfer of the Certificates" herein.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIMARY ASSETS
General
The property of each Trust will consist of: (i) the Primary Assets
(subject, if specified in the Prospectus Supplement, to certain exclusions)
having the aggregate principal balance outstanding as of the related Cut-off
Date, after giving effect to payments due or received on or prior to such date,
as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (the "Original Pool Principal
Balance"); (ii) all payments (subject, if specified in the Prospectus
Supplement, to certain exclusions) in respect of such Primary Assets; (iii) if
specified in the Prospectus Supplement, reinvestment income on such payments;
(iv) all property acquired by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure with
respect to any such Primary Asset; (v) certain rights of the Trustee, the
Depositor and the Master Servicer under any insurance policies required to be
maintained in respect of the related Primary Assets; and (vi) if so specified in
the Prospectus Supplement, one or more forms of credit enhancement (together,
the "Trust Assets").
While it is expected that the Primary Assets will be acquired by the
Depositor from the Seller, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
Primary Assets may be acquired by the Depositor from affiliated or unaffiliated
originators. The following is a brief description of the Primary Assets expected
to be included in the Trusts. If specific information respecting the Primary
Assets is not known at the time the related Series of Certificates initially are
offered, more general information of the nature described below will be provided
in the related Prospectus Supplement, and specific information may, in certain
instances as set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement, be set forth in a
report on Form 8-K to be filed with the Commission within fifteen days after the
initial issuance of such Certificates. A copy of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement with respect to each Series of Certificates will be attached to the
Form 8-K and will be available for inspection at the corporate trust office of
the Trustee specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Unless so specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, no Form 8-K will be filed with respect to
additional Primary Assets acquired by a Trust with funds from a Prefunding
Account. A schedule of the Primary Assets relating to each Series of
Certificates, will be attached to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
delivered to the Trustee upon delivery of such Certificates.
Single Family Loans
Each Single Family Loan will be evidenced by a promissory note (the
"Mortgage Note") secured by a mortgage or deed of trust (the "Mortgage")
creating a first, second or more junior lien in one- to four-family residential
properties (the "Mortgaged Properties"). If specified in the Prospectus
Supplement, the Primary Assets may include cooperative apartment loans
("Cooperative Loans") secured by security interests in shares issued by
Cooperatives and in the related proprietary leases or occupancy agreements
granting exclusive rights to occupy specific dwelling units in such
Cooperatives' buildings. The Mortgaged Properties securing the Single Family
Loans may include investment properties, vacation and second homes and leasehold
interests. Each Single Family Loan will be selected by the Depositor for
inclusion in the Trust from among those acquired by the Depositor from the
Seller or from one or more affiliated or unaffiliated originators, including
newly originated loans. In the case of leasehold interests, the term of the
leasehold will exceed the scheduled maturity of the Primary Asset by at least
five years, unless a shorter period is specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
The Single Family Loans may be (i) "conventional" mortgage loans, that is,
they will not be insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency, (ii) insured
by the Federal Housing Authority ("FHA") or (iii) partially guaranteed by the
Veteran's Administration ("VA"), as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Single Family
Loans may include closed-end home equity loans ("Home Equity Loans"). Such Home
Equity Loans will be secured by first, second or more junior liens on fee simple
or leasehold interests in one- to four-family residential properties. See
"Description of the Primary Assets--Single Family Loans." The principal and
interest on
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the Single Family Loans included in the Trust for a Series of Certificates will
be payable either on the first day of each month or on different scheduled days
throughout each month, and the interest will be calculated either on a simple
interest, actuarial method or "Rule of 78s" method, as described herein and in
the related Prospectus Supplement. When a full principal prepayment is paid on a
Single Family Loan during a month, the Mortgagor is generally charged interest
only on the days of the month actually elapsed up to the date of such
prepayment, at a daily interest rate that is applied to the principal amount of
the Single Family Loan so prepaid.
The payment terms of the Single Family Loans to be included in a Trust for
a Series will be described in the related Prospectus Supplement and may include
any of the following features or combinations thereof or other features
described in the related Prospectus Supplement:
(a) Interest may be payable at a fixed rate, a rate adjustable from
time to time in relation to an index (which will be specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement), a rate that is fixed for a period of time
or under certain circumstances and is followed by an adjustable rate, a
rate that otherwise varies from time to time, or a rate that is
convertible from an adjustable rate to a fixed rate. Changes to an
adjustable rate may be subject to periodic limitations, maximum rates,
minimum rates or a combination of such limitations. Accrued interest may
be deferred and added to the principal of a Single Family Loan for such
periods and under such circumstances as may be specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Single Family Loans may provide for the payment of
interest at a rate lower than the specified Mortgage Rate for a period of
time or for the life of the Single Family Loan, and the amount of any
difference may be contributed from funds supplied by the seller of the
Mortgaged Property or another source.
(b) Principal may be payable on a level debt service basis to fully
amortize the Single Family Loan over its term, may be calculated on the
basis of an assumed amortization schedule that is significantly longer
than the original term to maturity or on an interest rate that is
different from the Mortgage Rate or may not be amortized during all or a
portion of the original term. Payment of all or a substantial portion of
the principal may be due on maturity ("balloon payment"). Principal may
include interest that has been deferred and added to the principal balance
of the Single Family Loan.
(c) Monthly Payments of principal and interest may be fixed for the
life of the Single Family Loan, may increase over a specified period of
time or may change from period to period. Single Family Loans may include
limits on periodic increases or decreases in the amount of Monthly
Payments and may include maximum or minimum amounts of Monthly Payments.
(d) Prepayments of principal may be subject to a prepayment fee,
which may be fixed for the life of the Single Family Loan or may decline
over time, and may be prohibited for the life of the Single Family Loan or
for certain periods ("lockout periods"). Certain Single Family Loans may
permit prepayments after expiration of the applicable lockout period and
may require the payment of a prepayment fee in connection with any such
subsequent prepayment. Other Single Family Loans may permit prepayments
without payment of a fee unless the prepayment occurs during specified
time periods. The Single Family Loans may include "due on sale" clauses
which permit the mortgagee to demand payment of the entire Single Family
Loan in connection with the sale or certain transfers of the related
Mortgaged Property. Other Single Family Loans may be assumable by persons
meeting the then applicable underwriting standards of the Seller.
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Contracts
Each Contract included as a Primary Asset in the Trust with respect to a
Series of Certificates will be secured by a Manufactured Home and a mortgage or
deed of trust relating to the real estate to which the Manufactured Home is
permanently affixed. Contracts are similar to Single Family Loans, and the
description herein to Single Family Loans is generally applicable to Contracts,
except as otherwise noted. The Prospectus Supplement will specify whether the
Contracts will be fully amortizing or have a balloon payment, whether they will
bear interest at a fixed, adjustable or variable rate and other pertinent
information with respect to the Contracts. As used herein, Mortgaged Property
includes Manufactured Homes, unless otherwise noted.
The "Manufactured Homes" securing the Contracts consist of manufactured
homes within the meaning of Section 5402(6) of title 42 of the United States
Code which defines a "manufactured home" as "a structure, transportable in one
or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is eight body feet or more in
width or forty body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, is three
hundred twenty or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis
and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without permanent foundation when
connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating,
air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein; except that such
term shall include any structure which meets all the requirements of this
paragraph except the size requirements and with respect to which the
manufacturer voluntarily files a certification required by the [Secretary of
Housing and Urban Development] and complies with the standards established under
[Chapter 70 of title 42 of the United States Code]." Moreover, if an election is
made to treat the Trust as a REMIC as described in "Federal Income Tax
Consequences" herein, Manufactured Homes will have a minimum of 400 square feet
of living space and a minimum width in excess of 102 inches.
Certain of the Single Family Loans or Contracts contained in a Trust may
be loans insured under the FHA Title I credit insurance program created pursuant
to Sections 1 and 2(a) of the National Housing Act of 1934 (the "Title I
Program"). Under the Title I Program, the FHA is authorized and empowered to
insure qualified lending institutions against losses on eligible loans. The
Title I Program operates as a coinsurance program in which the FHA insures up to
90% of certain losses incurred on an individual insured loan, including the
unpaid principal balance of the loan, but only to the extent of the insurance
coverage available in the lender's FHA insurance coverage reserve account. The
owner of the loan bears the uninsured loss on each loan. The types of loans
which are eligible for insurance by the FHA under the Title I Program include
property improvement loans ("Title I Loans"). Title I Loan means a loan made to
finance actions or items that substantially protect or improve the basic
livability or utility of a property and includes: (1) single family, multifamily
and nonresidential property improvement loans; (2) manufactured home improvement
loans, where the home is classified as personalty; (3) historic preservation
loans; and (4) fire safety equipment loans in existing health care facilities.
Certain Characteristics of the Primary Assets
The related Prospectus Supplement will describe certain characteristics of
the related Primary Assets initially included in the Trust, which may include,
without limitation (i) the range of dates of origination and the latest
scheduled maturity date, (ii) the minimum remaining term to maturity, the
weighted average original term to maturity and the weighted average remaining
term to maturity, (iii) the range of Mortgage Rates, the weighted average
Mortgage Rate and, with respect to adjustable-rate Primary Assets, the index
upon which the Mortgage Rate is based, (iv) the range of principal balances
outstanding and the weighted average outstanding principal balance, (v) the
percentages of Primary Assets secured by first Mortgages, second Mortgages and
more junior Mortgages, respectively, (vi) the range of Combined Loan-to-Value
Ratios at origination, the weighted average Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio, the
range of Loan-to-Value Ratios at origination and the weighted average
Loan-to-Value Ratio, (vii) the percentage of Primary Assets secured by fee
simple interests in single-family dwelling units,
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investor properties, units in planned unit developments and condominiums,
respectively, the percentage of Primary Assets secured by leasehold interests
and the percentage of Primary Assets secured by units in Cooperatives, (viii)
the percentage of Primary Assets as to which the related Mortgagor represented
at the time of origination that the related Mortgaged Property would be occupied
by such Mortgagor as a primary or secondary residence, (ix) the percentage of
Primary Assets that are Contracts, (x) certain summary information relating to
the geographic concentration of the Mortgaged Properties securing the Primary
Assets, (xi) the percentage of Primary Assets which are Balloon Loans, and (xii)
the percentage of Primary Assets which are Bankruptcy Loans, the percentage of
Bankruptcy Loans which are 30 days or more contractually delinquent and the
percentages of Primary Assets other than Bankruptcy Loans which are 30 days and
60 days or more contractually delinquent, respectively. If so specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the characteristics of the Primary Assets may be
approximate, based on the expected characteristics of the Primary Assets to be
included in the related Trust and any significant variations therefrom will be
provided on the related Form 8-K.
For purposes of the foregoing, the "Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio" of any
Primary Asset is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of (i) the sum of (a) the
original principal balance of such Primary Asset at the date of origination
(which, if specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, may include certain
financed fees and insurance premiums) plus (b) the outstanding balance of the
Senior Lien, if any, divided by (ii) the lesser of (a) the value of the related
Mortgaged Property, based upon the appraisal, if any, or drive-by evaluation or
other method made at the time of origination of the Primary Asset and (b) the
purchase price of the Mortgaged Property if the Primary Asset proceeds were used
to purchase the Mortgaged Property. See "The Primary Asset Program--Underwriting
Procedures" herein. The "Loan-to-Value Ratio" of any Primary Asset is the ratio
(expressed as a percentage) of (i) the original principal balance of such
Primary Asset at the date of origination (which, if specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, may include certain financed fees and insurance premiums)
divided by (ii) the lesser of (a) the value of the related Mortgaged Property,
based upon the appraisal, if any, or drive-by evaluation or other method made at
the time of origination of the Primary Asset and (b) the purchase price of the
Mortgaged Property if the Primary Asset proceeds were used to purchase the
Mortgaged Property. For purposes of calculating the Loan-to-Value Ratio of a
Contract relating to a Manufactured Home, the "value" is the appraised value of
the Manufactured Home, based upon the age and condition of the Manufactured Home
and the quality and condition of the community in which it is situated, if
applicable. For Primary Assets secured by a first Mortgage, the Combined
Loan-to-Value Ratio and the Loan-to-Value Ratio will be the same.
In the event that title to any Primary Asset is acquired in foreclosure or
by deed in lieu of foreclosure (or, in the case of Contracts in certain states,
by repossession of the related Manufactured Home), the deed or certificate of
sale will be issued to the Trustee or to its nominee on behalf of
Certificateholders. Notwithstanding any such acquisition of title and
cancellation of the related Primary Asset, such Primary Asset (an "REO
Property") will be considered for most purposes to be an outstanding Primary
Asset held in the Trust until such time as the Primary Asset is sold and all
recoverable proceeds have been received with respect to such defaulted Primary
Asset.
A "Bankruptcy Loan" is a Primary Asset on which the related Mortgagor is
making payments pursuant to a personal bankruptcy plan or proceeding (each, a
"Bankruptcy Plan"). The entire principal balance and the right to receive
interest accrued after the Cut-off Date with respect to each Bankruptcy Loan
will generally be included in the assets of the related Trust, while the right
to interest accrued but unpaid prior to the related Cut-off Date under each
Bankruptcy Loan will generally be retained by the Seller. The Seller's right to
collect interest accrued on a Bankruptcy Loan prior to the date of the related
Bankruptcy Plan filing will generally be subordinate to the related Trust's
right to receive timely payments of principal and interest with respect to such
Bankruptcy Loan.
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Payments on the Primary Assets
The Primary Asset underlying a Series of Certificates will provide for
payments that are allocated to principal and interest according to either the
actuarial method (an "Actuarial Primary Asset"), the simple interest method (a
"Simple Interest Primary Asset") or the "Rule of 78s" method (a "Rule of 78s
Primary Asset"), as set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. The related
Prospectus Supplement will set forth whether any of the Primary Assets will
provide for deferred interest or negative amortization.
An Actuarial Primary Asset provides for payments in level monthly
installments (except, in the case of a Balloon Loan, the final payment)
consisting of interest equal to one-twelfth of the applicable Mortgage Rate
times the unpaid principal balance, with the remainder of such payment applied
to principal.
A Simple Interest Primary Asset provides for the amortization of the
amount financed under such Primary Asset over a series of equal Monthly Payments
(except, in the case of a Balloon Loan, the final payment). Each Monthly Payment
consists of an installment of interest which is calculated on the basis of the
outstanding principal balance of the Primary Asset being multiplied by the
stated Mortgage Rate and further multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of
which is the number of days in the period elapsed since the preceding payment of
interest was made and the denominator of which is the number of days in the
annual period for which interest accrues on such Primary Asset. As payments are
received under a Simple Interest Primary Asset, the amount received is applied
first to interest accrued to the date of payment and the balance is applied to
reduce the unpaid principal balance. Accordingly, if a borrower pays a fixed
monthly installment on a Simple Interest Primary Asset before its scheduled due
date, the portion of the payment allocable to interest for the period since the
preceding payment was made will be less than it would have been had the payment
been made as scheduled, and the portion of the payment applied to reduce the
unpaid principal balance will be correspondingly greater. However, the next
succeeding payment will result in an allocation of a greater amount to interest
if such payment is made on its scheduled due date.
Conversely, if a borrower pays a fixed monthly installment after its
scheduled due date, the portion of the payment allocable to interest for the
period since the preceding payment was made will be greater than it would have
been had the payment been made as scheduled, and the remaining portion, if any,
of the payment applied to reduce the unpaid principal balance will be
correspondingly less. If each scheduled payment under a Simple Interest Primary
Asset is made on or prior to its scheduled due date, the principal balance of
the Primary Asset will amortize in the manner described in the preceding
paragraph. However, if the borrower consistently makes scheduled payments after
the scheduled due date, the Primary Asset will amortize more slowly than
scheduled. If a Simple Interest Primary Asset is prepaid, the borrower is
required to pay interest only to the date of prepayment.
A Rule of 78s Primary Asset provides for the payment by the borrower of a
specified total amount of payments, payable in equal monthly installments on
each due date, which total represents the amount financed and add-on interest in
an amount calculated on the basis of the stated note rate for the term of the
Primary Asset. The rate at which such amount of add-on interest is earned and,
correspondingly, the portion of each fixed monthly payment allocated to
reduction of the outstanding principal balance are calculated in accordance with
the "sum of the digits" or "Rule of 78s". Under a Rule of 78s Primary Asset, the
portion of a payment allocable to interest is determined by multiplying the
total amount of add-on interest payable over the term of the Primary Asset by a
fraction derived as described herein. The fraction used in the calculation of
add-on interest earned each month under a Rule of 78s Primary Asset has as its
denominator a number equal to the sum of a series of numbers beginning with one
and ending with the number of monthly payments due under the Primary Asset. For
example, for a Primary Asset providing for twelve scheduled payments, the
denominator of each month's fraction
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would be 78, the sum of the series of numbers from one to twelve. The numerator
of the fraction for a given month would be the number of payments remaining
before giving effect to the payment to which the fraction is being applied.
Accordingly, in the case of such Primary Asset, the fraction for the first
payment would be 12/78, for the second payment, 11/78, for the third payment,
10/78, and so on through the final payment, for which the fraction would be
1/78. The applicable fraction is then multiplied by the total add-on interest
payable over the term of the Primary Asset to determine the amount of interest
"earned" that month. The difference between the amount of the monthly payment
made by the borrower and the amount of earned add-on interest calculated for the
month is applied to principal reduction. As a result, the rate at which interest
is earned in the initial months of a Rule of 78s Primary Asset is somewhat
higher than the interest computed for a Primary Asset computed on an actuarial
basis, and the rate at which interest is earned at the end of a Rule of 78s
Primary Asset is somewhat less than that computed for a Primary Asset under an
actuarial basis.
Payments to holders of the related Certificates and the Servicing Fee with
respect to Rule of 78s Primary Assets will be computed as if such Primary Assets
were Simple Interest Primary Assets. Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, amounts received upon prepayment in full of a Rule of 78s
Primary Asset in excess of (i) the then outstanding principal balance of such
Primary Asset (computed on a daily simple interest amortization basis) and (ii)
accrued interest computed on a daily simple interest basis at the Mortgage Rate,
plus servicing compensation exclusive of Servicing Fees, will not be available
to make required payments of principal and interest to holders of the related
Certificates and will not be treated as collected principal for purposes of
computing the amount to be distributed.
In the event of the prepayment in full (voluntarily or by acceleration) of
a Rule of 78s Primary Asset, under the terms of such Primary Asset the entire
remaining amount of payments will be due but a "refund" or "rebate" will be made
to the Mortgagor of the portion of the total amount of the scheduled payments
remaining under such Primary Asset immediately prior to such prepayment which is
allocable to "unearned" add-on interest. Such rebate will be calculated in
accordance with the Rule of 78s method.
CERTAIN YIELD AND PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The rate of principal payments on each Class of Certificates of a Series
entitled to principal, the aggregate amount of each interest payment on each
Class of Certificates of a Series entitled to interest and the yield to maturity
of each Class of Certificates of a Series will be related to the rate and timing
of payments of principal on the related Primary Assets, which may be in the form
of scheduled and unscheduled payments. The rate of prepayment on a pool of
mortgage loans is affected by prevailing market rates for mortgage loans of a
comparable term and risk level. In general, when the level of prevailing
interest rates for similar loans significantly declines, the rate of prepayment
is likely to increase, although the prepayment rate is influenced by a number of
other factors, including general economic conditions and homeowner mobility.
Defaults on mortgage loans are expected to occur with greater frequency in their
early years. The rate of default on second or more junior mortgage loans may be
greater than that of mortgage loans secured by first liens on comparable
properties. Prepayments, liquidations and purchases of the Primary Assets will
result in distributions to the holders of amounts of principal which would
otherwise be distributed over the remaining terms of the Primary Assets.
In addition, as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Master
Servicer, the Seller, the Depositor and/or another party specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, may have the option to effect the early
termination of a Series of Certificates through the purchase of the Primary
Assets and other assets in the related Trust under the circumstances and in the
manner described in "The Trusts--Optional Disposition of Primary Assets" herein.
Further, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Trustee, the
Master Servicer, the Seller, the Depositor and/or such other entities as may be
specified in such Prospectus Supplement may be required to effect early
retirement of a Series of
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Certificates by soliciting competitive bids for the purchase of the assets of
the related Trust or otherwise. See "The Trusts--Mandatory Disposition of
Primary Assets" herein.
If the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for a Series of Certificates
provides for a Prefunding Account or other means of funding the transfer of
additional Primary Assets to the related Trust and the Trust is unable to
acquire such additional Primary Assets within any applicable time limit, the
amounts set aside for such purpose may be required to be applied to effect the
retirement of all or a portion of one or more Classes of Certificates of such
Series.
As described above, the rate of prepayment on a pool of mortgage loans is
affected by prevailing market rates for comparable mortgage loans. When the
market interest rate is below the Mortgage Rate for a Primary Asset, Mortgagors
may have an increased incentive to refinance such Primary Asset. Depending on
prevailing market rates, the future outlook for market rates and economic
conditions generally, some Mortgagors may sell or refinance Mortgaged Properties
in order to realize their equity in such Mortgaged Properties, to meet cash flow
needs or to make other investments. No representation is made as to the
particular factors that will affect the prepayment of the Primary Assets
underlying any Series of Certificates, as to the relative importance of such
factors, as to the percentage of the principal balance of the Primary Assets
that will be paid as of any date or as to the overall rate of prepayment on the
related Primary Assets.
The yield to maturity of certain Classes of Certificates of a Series may
be particularly sensitive to the rate and timing of principal payments
(including prepayments) of the Primary Assets, which may fluctuate significantly
from time to time. The Prospectus Supplement relating to such Certificates may
provide certain additional information with respect to the effect of such
payments on the yield to maturity of such Certificates under varying rates of
prepayment, including the rate of prepayment, if any, which would reduce the
holder's yield to zero.
Greater than anticipated prepayments of principal will increase the yield
on Certificates purchased at a price less than par. Conversely, greater than
anticipated prepayments of principal will decrease the yield on Certificates
purchased at a price greater than par. The effect on an investor's yield due to
principal prepayments on the Primary Assets occurring at a rate that is faster
(or slower) than the rate anticipated by the investor in the period immediately
following the issuance of the Certificates will not be entirely offset by a
subsequent like reduction (or increase) in the rate of principal payments. The
weighted average life of each Class of Certificates of a Series will also be
affected by the amount and timing of delinquencies and defaults on the related
Primary Assets and the recoveries, if any, on defaulted Primary Assets and
foreclosed properties in the related Trust Assets.
The "weighted average life" of a Certificate refers to the average amount
of time that will elapse from the date of issuance to the date each dollar in
respect of principal of such Certificate is repaid. The weighted average life of
each Class of Certificates of a Series will be influenced by, among other
factors, the rate at which principal payments are made on the Primary Assets,
including final payments made upon the maturity of Balloon Loans.
THE TRUSTS
General
Each Trust will be formed under a pooling and servicing agreement among
the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Trustee named therein (a "Trustee")
or another agreement to be specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (a
"Pooling and Servicing Agreement"). The property of each Trust will consist of:
(i) the Primary Assets (subject, if specified in the Prospectus Supplement, to
certain exclusions) as from time to time are subject to the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement; (ii) all
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payments (subject, if specified in the Prospectus Supplement, to certain
exclusions) in respect of such Primary Assets; (iii) if specified in the
Prospectus Supplement, reinvestment income on such payments; (iv) all property
acquired by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure with respect to any such
Primary Assets; (v) certain rights of the Trustee, the Depositor and the Master
Servicer under any insurance policies required to be maintained in respect of
the related Primary Assets; and (vi) if so specified in the Prospectus
Supplement, one or more forms of credit enhancement (together, the "Trust
Assets").
Assignment of the Primary Assets
Assignment of the Single Family Loans. At the time of issuance of the
Certificates, the Depositor will assign the Single Family Loans to the Trustee,
including all security interests created thereby and any related mortgages or
deeds of trust, together with principal and interest due or received on or after
the Cut-off Date, as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Trustee
will, concurrently with such assignment, execute, countersign and deliver the
Certificates to the Depositor in exchange for the Single Family Loans. Each
Single Family Loan will be identified in a schedule appearing as an exhibit to
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Such schedule may include information as to
the principal balance of each Single Family Loan as of the Cut-off Date, as well
as information respecting the Mortgage Rate, the scheduled Monthly Payment of
principal and interest as of the Cut-off Date and the maturity date of each
Mortgage Note.
In addition, as to each Single Family Loan, the Depositor will cause to be
delivered to the Trustee the Mortgage Note and Mortgage, any assumption and
modification agreement, an assignment of the Mortgage in recordable form (but
not necessarily recorded), evidence of title insurance, if obtained, and, if
applicable, the certificate of private mortgage insurance. In instances where
recorded documents cannot be delivered due to delays in connection with
recording, the Depositor may deliver copies thereof and deliver the original
recorded documents promptly upon receipt.
With respect to any Single Family Loans which are Cooperative Loans, the
Depositor will cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Mortgage Note, the
original security agreement, the proprietary lease or occupancy agreement, the
recognition agreement, an executed financing agreement and the relevant stock
certificate and related blank stock powers. The Depositor will file in the
appropriate office an assignment and a financing statement evidencing the
Trustee's security interest in each Cooperative Loan upon demand by the Trustee.
The Seller will represent and warrant to the Depositor with respect to the
Single Family Loans sold by it that (i) the information set forth in the
schedule of Single Family Loans attached thereto is correct in all material
respects; (ii) a lender's title insurance policy or binder for each Single
Family Loan subject to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement was issued on the
date of origination thereof and each such policy or binder assurance is valid
and remains in full force and effect or a legal opinion concerning title or
title search was obtained or conducted in connection with the origination of the
Single Family Loans; (iii) at the date of assignment to the Depositor, the
Seller has good title to the Single Family Loans and the Single Family Loans are
free of offsets, defenses or counterclaims; (iv) at the date of initial issuance
of the Certificates, each Mortgage is either a valid first lien on the property
securing the Mortgage Note (subject only to (a) the lien of current real
property taxes and assessments, (b) covenants, conditions, restrictions, rights
of way, easements and other matters of public record as of the date of the
recording of such Mortgage, such exceptions appearing of record being acceptable
to mortgage lending institutions generally in the area wherein the property
subject to the Mortgage is located or specifically reflected in the appraisal
obtained by the originator, (c) other matters to which like properties are
commonly subject which do not materially interfere with the benefits of the
security intended to be provided by such Mortgage, (d) leases and subleases
pertaining to such Mortgaged Property and to Seller's knowledge such property is
free of material damage and is in good repair or, with respect to a junior lien
Single Family Loan, that such Mortgage is a valid junior lien Mortgage (subject
only to (a) the
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lien of current real property taxes and assessments, (b) covenants, conditions,
restrictions, rights of way, easements and other matters of public record as of
the date of the recording of such Mortgage, such exceptions appearing of record
being acceptable to mortgage lending institutions generally in the area wherein
the property subject to the Mortgage is located or specifically reflected in the
appraisal obtained by the originator, (c) other matters to which like properties
are commonly subject which do not materially interfere with the benefits of the
security intended to be provided by such Mortgage, (d) leases and subleases
pertaining to such Mortgaged Property and (e) any existing Senior Lien), as the
case may be, and specifying the percentage of the Primary Assets and Single
Family Loans comprised of junior lien Single Family Loans; (v) at the Cut-off
Date, no Single Family Loan is 31 or more days delinquent (with such exceptions
as may be specified in the related Prospectus Supplement) and to Seller's
knowledge there are no delinquent tax or assessment liens against the Mortgaged
Property covered by the related Mortgage; (vi) at the date of assignment to the
Depositor, the portion of each Single Family Loan, if any, which, pursuant to
the terms set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement should be insured with
a private mortgage insurer is so insured; and (vii) each Single Family Loan at
the time it was made complied in all material respects with applicable state and
federal laws, including, without limitation, usury, equal credit opportunity and
disclosure laws. The Prospectus Supplement may set forth additional
representations and warranties made by the Seller to the Depositor. The
Depositor's rights against the Seller in the event of a breach of its
representations will be assigned to the Trustee for the benefit of the holders
of the Certificates of such Series.
Assignment of Contracts. The Depositor will cause the Contracts to be
assigned to the Trustee, including all security interests created thereby and
any related mortgages or deeds of trust, together with principal and interest
due or received on or after the Cut-off Date, as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Each Contract will be identified in a loan schedule
("Contract Loan Schedule") appearing as an exhibit to the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. Such Contract Loan Schedule may specify, with respect to
each Contract, among other things: the original principal balance and the
outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date, the Mortgage Rate, the
current scheduled payment of principal and interest and the maturity date.
In addition, with respect to each Contract, the Depositor will deliver or
cause to be delivered to the Trustee, the original Contract and copies of
documents and instruments related to each Contract and the security interest in
the Manufactured Home securing each Contract. To give notice of the right, title
and interest of the Trust to the Contracts, the Depositor will cause the Seller
to file a UCC-1 financing statement identifying the Trustee as the secured party
and identifying all Contracts as collateral. See "Risk Factors" and "Certain
Legal Aspects of the Primary Assets" herein.
The Seller will provide representations and warranties to the Depositor
concerning the Contracts. Such representations and warranties generally will
include the same types of representations and warranties made with respect to
Single Family Loans, plus the following additional representations and
warranties: (i) no contract was originated in or is subject to the laws of any
jurisdiction whose laws would make the transfer of the Contract or an interest
therein to the Depositor or from the Depositor to the Trustee pursuant to the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement unlawful; (ii) no Contract has been
satisfied, subordinated in whole or in part or rescinded and the Manufactured
Home securing the Contract has not been released from the lien of the Contract
in whole or in part; (iii) each Contract creates a valid and enforceable
security interest in favor of the Seller in the Manufactured Home and real
estate covered thereby and the lien created thereby has been recorded and such
security interest or lien has been assigned by the Seller to the Depositor; (iv)
the related Manufactured Home is a "manufactured home" within the meaning of 42
United States Code, Section 5402(6); and (v) each Contract is a "qualified
mortgage" under Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code and each Manufactured Home is
"manufactured housing" within the meaning of Section 25(3)(10) of the Code. The
Prospectus Supplement may set forth additional representations and warranties
made by the Seller to the Depositor. The Depositor's rights against the
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Seller in the event of a breach of its representations will be assigned to the
Trustee for the benefit of the holders of the Certificates of such Series.
Forward Commitments; Prefunding. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, a Pooling and Servicing Agreement or other agreement may provide for
the transfer by the Seller to the Depositor and from the Depositor to the
related Trust of additional Primary Assets after the Closing Date for the
related Certificates. Such additional Primary Assets will be required to conform
to the requirements set forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or
other agreement providing for such transfer. As specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, such transfer may be funded by the establishment of a
Prefunding Account (a "Prefunding Account"). The amount initially deposited into
a Prefunding Account for a Series of Certificates will not exceed twenty-five
percent (25%) of the aggregate principal amount of such Series of Certificates.
If a Prefunding Account is established, all or a portion of the proceeds of the
sale of one or more Classes of Certificates of the related Series will be
deposited in such account to be released as additional Primary Assets are
transferred. A Prefunding Account will be required to be maintained as an
Eligible Account. The related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or other agreement
providing for the transfer of additional Primary Assets will generally establish
a specified period of time within which such transfers must be made, which in no
event shall exceed six months from the initial deposit of funds into the
Prefunding Account. Amounts set aside to fund such transfers (whether in a
Prefunding Account or otherwise) and not so applied within the required period
of time will be used in the manner set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement, including being treated as a principal prepayment and applied in the
manner set forth in such Prospectus Supplement.
Repurchase or Substitution of Primary Assets. The Trustee will review the
documents delivered to it with respect to the Primary Assets included in the
related Trust. If any document is not delivered or is found to be defective in
any material respect and the Depositor or the Seller, if so required, cannot
deliver such document or cure such defect within the period specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement after notice thereof (which the Trustee will
undertake to give within the period specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement), and if any other party obligated to deliver such document or cure
such defect has not done so and has not substituted or repurchased the affected
Primary Asset then, if the failure to deliver such document or to cure such
defect materially and adversely affects the interest of the Owners of the
Certificates in a Primary Asset, the Depositor will cause the Seller, not later
than the first date designated for the deposit of payments into the Collection
Account (a "Deposit Date") which is more than a specified number of days after
such period, (a) if so provided in the Prospectus Supplement to remove the
affected Primary Asset from the Trust and substitute one or more other Primary
Assets therefor or (b) repurchase the Primary Asset from the Trustee for a price
equal to 100% of its principal balance of such repurchased Mortgage Loan plus
all accrued and unpaid interest thereon together with all Servicing Advances, as
set forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. This repurchase and,
if applicable, substitution obligation will, unless otherwise set forth in the
related Prospectus Supplement, generally constitute the sole remedy available to
the Trustee for a material defect in a document relating to a Primary Asset.
The Depositor is required to cause the Seller to do either of the
following: (a) cure any breach of any representation or warranty that materially
and adversely affects the interest of the holders of the Certificates in a
Primary Asset (each, a "Defective Primary Asset") within a specified number of
days of its discovery by the Depositor or its receipt of notice thereof from the
Trustee, (b) repurchase such Defective Primary Asset not later than the first
Deposit Date which is more than a specified number of days after such period for
a price equal to 100% of its principal balance plus all accrued and unpaid
interest thereon together with all Servicing Advances, as set forth in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or (c) if so specified in the
Prospectus Supplement, remove the affected Primary Asset from the Trust, and
substitute one or more other Primary Assets therefor. This repurchase and, if
applicable, substitution obligation will generally constitute the sole remedies
available to the Trustee for any such breach.
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If a REMIC election is to be made with respect to all or a portion of a
Trust, there may be federal income tax limitations on the right to substitute
Primary Assets, which limitations will be disclosed in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement.
Payments on the Primary Assets
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Pooling and Servicing Agreement will require the Master Servicer to cause to be
established and maintained an account (the "Collection Account", but which may
have such designation as is set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement) at
an institution meeting certain ratings and other criteria set forth in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement (an "Eligible Account"), into which it is
required to deposit certain payments received in respect of the Primary Assets,
as more fully described below. All funds in the Collection Account are required
to be held (i) uninvested or (ii) invested in certain permitted investments,
which will include, but will not be limited to, United States government
securities, Federal funds, certificates of deposits and bankers' acceptance of
domestic banks with acceptable credit ratings, commercial paper with original
maturities of not more than 270 days rated in the highest short term rating
categories and other high-quality investments and repurchase agreements or
similar arrangements with respect to such investments (collectively, "Permitted
Investments"). Any investment earnings on funds held in the Collection Account
will be for the account of the Master Servicer.
The Master Servicer is required to deposit into the Collection Account
within one business day of receipt all Monthly Payments received after the
related Cut-off Date (other than amounts received after the Cut-off Date in
respect of interest accrued, or principal due, on the Primary Assets prior to
the Cut-off Date, unless the related Prospectus Supplement provides that such
amounts are part of the Trust) and all Principal Prepayments and Curtailments
collected after the Cut-off Date (net of the Servicing Fee with respect to each
Primary Asset and other servicing compensation payable to the Master Servicer as
permitted by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement), all Net Liquidation Proceeds,
Insurance Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds, any amounts paid in
connection with the repurchase of any Primary Asset, the amount of any deposit
made by the Seller when substituting a Defective Primary Asset in order to equal
the balance of the deleted Primary Asset (a "Substitution Adjustment"), the
amount of any losses incurred in connection with investments in Permitted
Investments and certain amounts relating to insufficient insurance policies and
REO Property. If the related Prospectus Supplement provides that there will be
no Collection Account, all of such payments will be deposited directly in the
Distribution Account, as specified therein.
The Master Servicer may make withdrawals from the Collection Account for
the following purposes:
(i) for deposit to the Distribution Account no later than the
business day preceding each Distribution Date, the Available Payment
Amount for the related Due Period;
(ii) to reimburse itself for any unreimbursed Advances. The Master
Servicer's right to reimburse itself for unreimbursed Advances will be
limited to collections on the related Primary Asset, including late
collections, Liquidation Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds,
Insurance Proceeds and such other amounts as may be collected by the
Master Servicer from the related Mortgagor or otherwise relating to the
Primary Asset in respect of which such unreimbursed amounts are owed;
(iii)to withdraw any amount received from a Mortgagor that is
recoverable and sought to be recovered as a voidable preference pursuant
to the United States Bankruptcy Code in accordance with a final,
nonappealable order of a court having competent jurisdiction;
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(iv) to make investments in Permitted Investments and to pay itself
interest or other income earned in respect of Permitted Investments or on
funds deposited in the Collection Account;
(v) to withdraw any funds deposited in the Collection Account that
were not required to be deposited therein (such as servicing compensation)
or were deposited therein in error;
(vi) to pay itself the accrued unpaid Servicing Fee and any other
permitted servicing compensation to the extent not previously retained or
paid;
(vii)to withdraw funds necessary for the conservation
and disposition of REO Property;
(viii) to make Advances out of excess amounts on deposit in the
Collection Account and held for future distribution, as more fully
described below;
(ix) with respect to a Bankruptcy Loan, to remit to the Seller
certain payments, as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
(x) to reimburse itself for any Nonrecoverable Advances previously
made and unreimbursed; and
(xi) to clear and terminate the Collection Account upon the
termination of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Master Servicer is required to wire transfer to the Distribution
Account the amount described in clause (i) above no later than the business day
preceding each Distribution Date or such other date as provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
Advances; Servicing Advances
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, not later than the
close of business on the business day prior to each Distribution Date or such
other date as provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Master Servicer
may be required to withdraw from amounts on deposit in any Collection Account
and held for future distribution or, if so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, to pay from its own funds, and remit for deposit in the Distribution
Account an amount (each, a "P&I Advance"), to be distributed on the related
Distribution Date, equal to (x) the sum of the interest portions of the
aggregate amount of Monthly Payments (net of the Servicing Fee) due during the
related Due Period, but uncollected as of the close of business on the related
Determination Date and/or (y) the principal portion of the aggregate amount of
Monthly Payments (other than balloon payments) due during the related Due Period
but uncollected as of the close of business on the related Determination Date.
Unless so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Master Servicer
shall not be required to make such P&I Advance from its own funds or be liable
for the recovery thereof from collections on the related Primary Assets or
otherwise.
In the course of performing its servicing obligations, the Master Servicer
will pay all reasonable and customary "out-of-pocket" costs and expenses
incurred in the performance of its servicing obligations ("Servicing Advances"
and together with P&I Advances, "Advances"), including, but not limited to, the
cost of (i) maintaining REO Properties; (ii) any enforcement or judicial
proceedings, including foreclosures; and (iii) the management and liquidation of
Mortgaged Property acquired in full or partial satisfaction of the related
Primary Asset To the extent provided in the related Pooling and Servicing
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Agreement, the Master Servicer may pay all or a portion of any Servicing Advance
out of excess amounts on deposit in the Collection Account and held for future
distribution on the date on which such Servicing Advance is made. Any such
excess amounts so used will be required to be replaced by the Master Servicer by
deposit to the Collection Account no later than the date specified in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Master Servicer may recover Advances to the extent permitted by the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement or, if not theretofore recovered from the
Mortgagor on whose behalf such Advance was made, from collections on the related
Primary Asset, including late collections, Liquidation Proceeds, Released
Mortgaged Property Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds and such other amounts as may be
collected by the Master Servicer from the Mortgagor or otherwise relating to the
Primary Asset. If so provided in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, to
the extent the Master Servicer, in its good faith business judgment, determines
that certain Advances will not be ultimately recoverable from late collections,
Liquidation Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds
or otherwise on the related Primary Assets ("Nonrecoverable Advances"), the
Master Servicer may reimburse itself from the amounts on deposit in the
Collection Account.
The Master Servicer is not required to make any Advance which it
determines would be a Nonrecoverable Advance.
Distributions
The Trustee is required to establish a trust account (referred to herein
as the "Distribution Account", but which may have such other designation as is
set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement) into which there shall be
deposited amounts transferred by the Master Servicer from the Collection Account
or, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, collections on or with
respect to Primary Assets deposited by the Master Servicer into the Distribution
Account directly. The Distribution Account is required to be maintained as an
Eligible Account. Amounts on deposit in the Distribution Account may be invested
in Permitted Investments and other investments specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
On each Distribution Date the Trustee is required to withdraw from the
Distribution Account and distribute the amounts set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement, to the extent available, in the priority set forth
therein, which generally will include (in no particular order of priority):
(i) deposits into any account established for the purpose of paying
credit enhancement fees and premiums;
(ii) if a Spread Account, Reserve Account or similar account is
established with respect to a Series of Certificates, deposits into such
fund or account of the amounts required to be deposited therein;
(iii)payments to the holders of the Certificates on
account of interest and principal, in the order and manner
set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement;
(iv) reimbursement of the Master Servicer for amounts expended by the
Master Servicer and reimbursable thereto under the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement but not previously reimbursed; and
(v) after the payments and deposits described above and in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the balance, if any, to the persons
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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The amount available to make the payments described above will generally
equal (a) the sum of (i) the Available Payment Amount for the related Due Period
and (ii) the amount available under any credit enhancement, including amounts
withdrawn from any Spread Account or Reserve Account, less (b) the amount of the
premiums or fees payable to the Credit Provider, if any, for the related Due
Period.
Generally, to the extent a Credit Provider makes payments to holders of
Certificates, such Credit Provider will be subrogated to the rights of such
holders with respect to such payments and shall be deemed, to the extent of the
payments so made, to be a registered holder of such Certificates.
For purposes of the provisions described above, the following terms have
the respective meanings ascribed to them below, each determined as of any
Distribution Date.
"Available Payment Amount" generally means the result of (a) collections
on or with respect to the Primary Assets due during the related Due Period, net
of the Servicing Fee paid to the Master Servicer for the related Due Period and
reimbursements for accrued unpaid Servicing Fees and other servicing
compensation, unreimbursed Advances and for certain expenses paid by the Master
Servicer, plus (b) the amount of Advances, if any.
"Realized Losses" means, for Primary Assets that become Liquidated Primary
Assets during the related Due Period, the amount, if any, by which (i) the sum
of the outstanding principal balance of each such Primary Asset (determined
immediately before such Primary Asset became a Liquidated Primary Asset) and
accrued and unpaid interest thereon at the Mortgage Rate to the date on which
such Primary Asset became a Liquidated Primary Asset exceeds (ii) the Net
Liquidation Proceeds received during such Due Period in connection with the
liquidation of such Primary Asset which have not theretofore been used to reduce
the principal balance of such Primary Asset.
"Distribution Date" means the monthly date specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement on which payments will be made to holders of the related
Certificates.
Optional Disposition of Primary Assets
The Master Servicer, the Seller, the Depositor and/or any other entities
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement may have the option to effect the
early termination of a Series of Certificates through the purchase of the
Primary Assets and other assets in the related Trust when the outstanding
principal balance of such Series of Certificates declines to the percentage of
the original principal balance of such Series specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement or at such other time as is specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The related Pooling and Servicing Agreement will
establish a minimum price at which such Primary Assets and other assets in the
related Trust may be sold, which price will be sufficient to pay all accrued but
unpaid interest on the Certificates, the outstanding Certificate Balance of the
Certificate, any outstanding Advances plus all expenses of the Trust Fund
incurred in connection with such sale. Any such sale will be made without
recourse to the Trust or the Certificateholders. The proceeds of any such sale
will be distributed to Certificateholders on the Distribution Date next
following the date of disposition or at such other time as set forth in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
Mandatory Disposition of Primary Assets
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Trustee or such
other entity as may be specified in such Prospectus Supplement may be required
to effect early retirement of a Series of Certificates by soliciting competitive
bids for the purchase of the Primary Assets and other assets in the related
Trust or otherwise, under the circumstances set forth in such Prospectus
Supplement. The procedures for the solicitation of such bids will be described
in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Master Servicer and any Underwriter
will be permitted to submit bids unless the Prospectus Supplement
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specifically states otherwise. The related Pooling and Servicing Agreement will
establish a minimum price at which such Primary Assets and other assets in the
related Trust may be sold, which price will be sufficient to pay all accrued but
unpaid interest on the Certificates, the outstanding Certificate Balance of the
Certificate, any outstanding Advances plus all expenses of the Trust Fund
incurred in connection with such sale. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Underwriter or such other entity specified in such Prospectus
Supplement will be required to confirm that the accepted bid will result in the
sale of the Primary Assets and other assets of the Trust at their fair market
value. Any such sale will be made without recourse to the Trust or the
Certificateholders.
THE DEPOSITOR
Block Mortgage Finance, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was incorporated in
October, 1996 for the limited purpose of acquiring, owning and transferring the
Primary Assets and selling interests therein. The Depositor is a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Seller. The principal executive offices of the Depositor are
located at 4435 Main Street, Suite 500, Kansas City, Missouri 64111. Its
telephone number is (816) 932-4960.
Neither the Depositor nor any of the Depositor's affiliates will insure or
guarantee distributions on the Certificates of any Series, unless otherwise set
forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
THE SELLER
Companion Mortgage Corporation, a Delaware corporation, is a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Master Servicer. Its sole business activity consists of
purchasing, investing in and selling mortgage loans. The Seller's principal
executive offices are located at 4435 Main Street, Suite 500, Kansas City,
Missouri 64111. Its telephone number is (816) 932-4940.
The Seller is licensed, to the extent required, to purchase, invest in and
sell mortgage loans in the states in which the Mortgaged Properties are located.
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the term "Seller" may
include another or additional institutions. The Seller will sell and assign the
Primary Assets to the Depositor pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Each Primary Asset will be serviced by the Master Servicer. The Master Servicer
will be entitled to receive the Servicing Fees and certain other servicing
compensation. Neither the Master Servicer or the Seller nor any of their
affiliates will insure or guarantee the Certificates of any Series.
THE MASTER SERVICER
The Master Servicer is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of H&R Block,
Inc. ("Block"). The Master Servicer and its subsidiaries are engaged in various
financial businesses, including consumer finance, commercial finance and
personal productivity computer software products. Block is a diversified
services company engaged primarily in income tax return preparation services and
financial services.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The Depositor will apply all or substantially all of the net proceeds from
the sale of each Series of Certificates for one or more of the following
purposes: (i) to purchase the related Primary Assets, (ii) to repay indebtedness
which has been incurred to obtain funds to acquire such Primary Assets, (iii) to
establish a Reserve Account described in the related Prospectus Supplement and
(iv) to pay costs of structuring and issuing such Certificates, including the
costs of obtaining credit enhancements, if any. If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the purchase of the Primary Assets for a Series may be
effected in whole or in part by an exchange of Certificates with the Seller for
such Primary Assets.
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THE PRIMARY ASSET PROGRAM
The Seller will acquire, directly or indirectly, the Primary Assets either
(i) from NCS Mortgage Services, L.L.C. ("NCS") or NF Investments, Inc. ("NFI")
or Cimarron Mortgage Company, d/b/a The Mortgage Warehouse ("Cimarron") pursuant
to wholesale or correspondent lending programs or from H&R Block Mortgage
Company, L.L.C. ("HRBMC") pursuant to a retail lending program through which BMC
originates mortgage loans through a loan underwriting and processing arrangement
with NCS or (ii) from other mortgage loan originators as set forth in the
related Prospectus Supplement. The Master Servicer owns 40% of the equity
interests in NCS.
NCS Mortgage Services, L.L.C.
NCS was formed in September 1995 to originate nonconforming mortgage loans
through wholesale broker channels, to purchase closed loans originated through
correspondent lenders, and to underwrite, process and purchase nonconforming
mortgage loans originated through mortgage lenders owned by franchisees of H&R
Block Tax Services, Inc. ("HRB Tax Services"), an indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of Block. NCS began originating broker loans in November 1995 and
began in January 1996 underwriting, processing and purchasing mortgage loans
originated by mortgage loan companies owned by franchisees of HRB Tax Services.
The correspondent division commenced operations in the fall of 1997.
NCS originates closed-end, fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgages,
targeted primarily at B and C credit quality customers, although NCS's mortgage
loan program also competes for A credit quality customers. As of September 1998,
NCS acquires mortgage loans through the following means:
o Wholesale originations through a network of approximately 650 active
brokers located in 21 states. These brokers are managed by an
in-house sales force of approximately 45 sales representatives.
o Correspondent lender programs through approximately 100
lenders located in 18 states.
o Retail originations through mortgage loan companies owned by
franchisees of HRB Tax Services.
o Bulk purchases from other lenders identified by state sales
representatives.
NF Investments, Inc.
NFI was formed in March 1986 under the name National Mortgage Investments
Co., Inc. In October 1995, NFI changed its name to NF Investments, Inc. From
inception until October 2, 1995, NFI engaged in the business of originating,
selling and servicing mortgage loans secured by liens on one-to-four-family
residential properties and had become one of the prominent mortgage banking
firms in Atlanta, Georgia.
On October 2, 1995, NFI sold its conforming mortgage loan origination
business to The Dime Savings Bank of New York, FSB. NFI retained the rights to
offer second mortgages and nonconforming first mortgages and retained its
servicing business. Since the sale of its conforming mortgage loan origination
business, NFI has focused primarily on servicing residential mortgage loans and
originating nonconforming residential mortgage loans. NFI originates and
purchases fixed- and adjustable-rate first mortgages for A through D credit
quality borrowers. As of September 1998, NFI obtains mortgage loans through a
network of approximately 1,200 brokers and 200 correspondents in 40 states.
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Cimarron Mortgage Company
Cimarron was founded in January 1998 as the subprime lending operation of
Cimarron Mortgage Company, a Mississippi corporation. Cimarron originates first
and second lien fixed and adjustable mortgage loans for A through D credit
quality customers. Cimarron is based in Clearwater, Florida and has processing
centers in Clearwater, Florida and Phoenix, Arizona. Cimarron originates
mortgage loans through a network of approximately 240 brokers in six states as
of September 1998.
H&R Block Mortgage Company, L.L.C.
Block Mortgage Company was formed as a mortgage loan lender in August 1995
by Bay Colony, Ltd. ("Bay Colony"), a former franchisee of HRB Tax Services.
Block acquired Bay Colony in June 1996 and changed the name of Block Mortgage
Company to H&R Block Mortgage Company in August 1997. NCS underwrites and
processes mortgage loans originated by HRBMC utilizing similar underwriting
criteria and procedures utilized by NCS for mortgage loans originated by NCS.
These mortgage loans are purchased by the Seller.
Primary Assets
The Primary Assets consist primarily of purchase money loans, refinancings
and home equity borrowings. The Primary Assets are originated through retail,
wholesale and correspondent lending programs conducted through NCS, NFI, HRBMC
and Cimarron. Primary Assets originated through retail programs ("Retail Loans")
are originated through H&R Block tax preparation offices by HRBMC or mortgage
lenders owned by franchisees of HRB Tax Services or through NCS or NFI. Primary
Assets originated through wholesale programs ("Wholesale Loans") are generally
originated through mortgage brokers eligible to refer Primary Asset applications
to NCS, NFI or Cimarron. Wholesale Loans are generally underwritten by NCS, NFI
or Cimarron, processed primarily by the mortgage broker and closed by NCS, NFI
or Cimarron in its name. Primary Assets acquired pursuant to correspondent
programs ("Correspondent Loans") are purchased from approved correspondent
lenders in negotiated transactions. Correspondent Loans generally are closed in
the name of the applicable correspondent lenders and are subsequently sold and
ultimately assigned to the Seller. Correspondent lenders are generally required
to follow the Seller's loan underwriting policies, as described below, with
respect to Correspondent Loans.
Underwriting Procedures
The underwriting procedures pertaining to the Primary Assets evaluate the
prospective mortgagor's credit standing and ability to repay the Primary Asset,
as well as the value and adequacy of the underlying Mortgaged Property that
serves as collateral for the Primary Asset.
All Primary Asset applications received by NCS, NFI or Cimarron (NCS, NFI
and Cimarron may hereinafter be referred to as a "Primary Asset Underwriter")
are subject to a credit investigation. As part of such investigation, the
Primary Asset Underwriter (i) reviews at least two independent credit bureau
reports (which may consist of a merged report), (ii) obtains verification of
income and employment, which generally includes at least one current pay stub,
and either the borrower's most recent W-2 form or verification of employment
(verbal or written), (iii) conducts a title search and (iv) obtains an
independent appraisal of the property, as described further below. In addition,
in the case of a junior Primary Asset, the Primary Asset Underwriter may obtain
a written or telephone verification of the current principal balance and payment
history for the mortgage loan secured by the Senior Lien.
After the investigation is completed, the Primary Asset
Underwriter decides whether to accept or reject the loan
application and assigns a loan class based upon the borrower's
credit history and ability to repay the loan. Generally,
borrowers must have a debt-to-income ratio not greater than 55%. For
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purposes of this calculation, "debt" is defined as the sum of all deed of trust
or mortgage payments, including escrow payments for hazard insurance premiums,
real estate taxes, mortgage insurance premiums and any owner's association dues,
plus payments on any installment debt, and alimony or child support payments and
"income" is defined as stable monthly gross income from the borrower's primary
source of employment plus acceptable secondary income.
The Seller generally has not acquired first-priority Primary Assets when
the Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio exceeded 90% and generally has not acquired
junior Primary Assets when the Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio has exceeded 90%,
except in connection with its "High LTV" program, under which the Seller has
acquired Primary Assets with Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios of generally up to
100%. Under the High LTV program, certain borrowers with high credit ratings
have been permitted to borrow varying amounts under Primary Assets with Combined
Loan-to-Value Ratios generally not exceeding 100%. Borrowers under the High LTV
program must also meet minimum credit score levels to qualify. A Primary Asset
Underwriter's determination of an acceptable Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio for a
particular Primary Asset application is based on the quality, condition and
appreciation history of the related Mortgaged Property and prospective market
conditions with regard to such Mortgaged Property. If the related Mortgaged
Property constitutes rural property, the Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio generally
will not exceed 85%.
Certain Primary Assets may be acquired under the Seller's No Income
Verification ("NIV") program. To qualify for the NIV program, a borrower
generally must have a debt-to-income ratio of no greater than 45% and a Combined
Loan-to-Value Ratio of no greater than 85%. The credit investigation of an
applicant for a loan under the NIV program is generally the same as described
above except that the income of the borrower will not be verified.
An appraisal satisfying either FNMA/FHLMC or state guidelines is required
for all Primary Assets acquired by the Seller, except for the High LTV program
where the stronger credit quality of the borrowers warrants a more limited
appraisal. In addition to the appraisal evaluation which each Mortgaged Property
undergoes, the Primary Asset Underwriter has established a system for conducting
periodic reviews of each appraiser using internal and third party appraisers.
Terms
The Primary Assets include fixed- and variable-rate, closed-end Single
Family Loans and Contracts. The fixed-rate Primary Assets are predominantly
Simple Interest Primary Assets that provide for the amortization of the amount
financed under the Primary Asset over a series of equal Monthly Payments. The
fixed-rate Primary Assets acquired by the Seller typically have original terms
to maturity ranging from 120 to 360 months and, except for Balloon Loans,
provide for Monthly Payments of principal and interest in substantially equal
installments for the contractual term of the related Mortgage Note in sufficient
amounts to fully amortize the principal thereof by maturity. Generally, the
fixed-rate Balloon Loans will have an amortization schedule based upon a
360-month term and have a term to maturity of 180 months.
The variable-rate Primary Assets are predominantly Simple Interest Primary
Assets which amortize over 180 to 360 months as explained above, or are
Actuarial Primary Assets or Rule of 78s Primary Assets which amortize over 180
to 360 months with the monthly principal and interest amounts computed as of the
first of the month, regardless of when the Monthly Payment is actually received.
The variable-rate Primary Assets may fully amortize over the original term of
the loan or may become due in a balloon payment, generally in 180 months. The
variable rate Primary Assets are indexed to short term base rates (such as
Six-Month LIBOR) and may adjust every six to 12 months.
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Payments on the Primary Assets in the form of late payment charges,
prepayment premiums or other miscellaneous administrative charges, to the extent
collected from Mortgagors, will be retained by the Master Servicer as additional
servicing compensation and may be passed on to the sub-servicer.
Unless specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, none of the Primary
Assets will be insured by the FHA, guaranteed by the VA or otherwise insured or
guaranteed in any manner (except in some cases for title and hazard insurance,
which insurance is required to be obtained by the Mortgagor).
Servicing
The Master Servicer has established policies for servicing Primary Assets.
The Master Servicer retains the right to service the Primary Assets and will
generally assign subservicing rights to servicers who are FNMA/FHLMC approved
servicers. Servicing includes but is not limited to customer service,
collections and loss mitigation, remittance processing, investor reporting,
foreclosure and REO Properties.
The Master Servicer or its subservicers (collectively, "Servicer") utilize
a batch mode servicing system. It provides payment processing and cashiering
functions, automated payoff statements, on-line collections, hazard insurance
and tax monitoring, and a full range of investor reporting requirements for both
fixed-rate and adjustable-rate loans. The servicing standards applied by the
Servicer shall be comparable to those used in the industry as a whole for assets
similar to the Primary Assets.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement for a Series of Certificates, which
will govern the distribution of cash flows within the related Trust, may require
that the Servicer advance interest and principal on any delinquent Primary Asset
until satisfaction of the Mortgage Note, liquidation of the Mortgaged Property
or charge-off of the Primary Asset to the extent the Servicer deems such
Advances of interest and/or principal to be ultimately recoverable. Realized
losses on Primary Assets are paid out of the related credit enhancement or
similar account or, if necessary, from the related monoline insurance company to
the extent such coverage exists and is otherwise disclosed in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
Once a Primary Asset becomes 30 days delinquent, the Servicer will take
additional steps to evaluate the Mortgagor's ability to repay the Primary Asset
and may also inspect the Mortgaged Property. Collection activity on accounts 60
days delinquent typically emphasize curing the delinquency, including the use of
formal forbearance, refinance and voluntary liquidation, and other means
directed at curing the delinquency. Depending on the circumstances surrounding
the delinquent account, a temporary suspension of payments or a repayment plan
to return the account to an up-to-date status may be authorized by the
collection supervisor. In any event, it is the Servicer's policy to work with
the delinquent customer to resolve the past due balance before legal action is
initiated.
In most cases, accounts that cannot be cured by reasonable means will be
moved to foreclosure as soon as all legal documentation permits. Foreclosures
are initiated by the collections manager after performing a pre-foreclosure loan
analysis and require the approval of the Master Servicer. When foreclosure
proceedings are initiated, a third-party appraiser inspects the Mortgaged
Property or completes a drive-by evaluation and obtains comparable sales prices
and listings in the area. In addition, the Servicer checks the status of the
homeowner's insurance, Senior Liens, and property taxes. Subject to applicable
state law, all legal expenses are assessed to the account and become the
responsibility of the Mortgagor.
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Delinquency and Loss Experience
The related Prospectus Supplement will set forth certain information
relating to the delinquency and loan loss experience for mortgage loans or
subservicers in the related Prospectus Supplement. The data presented is
unlikely to be indicative of the delinquency and loss experience that will be
experienced on the Primary Assets in a specific Trust, in light of the fact that
such portfolio may include Primary Assets which were originated by different
originators under different underwriting standards and which have a different
geographic distribution from the Primary Assets for a specific Trust. There is
no assurance that future delinquency or loss experience of the related Primary
Assets will be similar to that set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
General
The following summary describes certain terms of the Certificates, common
to each Pooling and Servicing Agreement. A form of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement has been filed as an Exhibit to the Registration Statement of which
this Prospectus forms a part. The summary does not purport to be complete and is
subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the provisions of
the Certificates, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the related Prospectus
Supplement. Where particular provisions or terms used in any of such documents
are referred to, the actual provisions (including definitions of terms) are
incorporated by reference as part of such summaries.
The Certificates will represent beneficial interests in the assets of the
related Trust, including (i) the Primary Assets and all proceeds thereof, (ii)
REO Property, (iii) amounts on deposit in the funds and accounts established
with respect to the related Trust, including all investments of amounts on
deposit therein, and (iv) certain other property, as described in the related
Prospectus Supplement. If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or
more Classes of Certificates of a Series may have the benefit of one or more of
a letter of credit, financial guaranty insurance policy, reserve fund, spread
account, cash collateral account, overcollateralization, cross-collateralization
or other form of credit enhancement. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Primary Assets underlying a Series of Certificates may be
insured under one or more of a mortgage pool insurance policy, special hazard
insurance policy, bankruptcy bond or similar credit enhancement. In addition to,
or in lieu of any or all of the foregoing, credit enhancement with respect to
one or more Classes of Certificates of a Series may be provided through
subordination. Any such credit enhancement may be included in the assets of the
related Trust. See "--Description of Credit Enhancement" herein.
A Series of Certificates may include one or more Classes entitled to
distributions of principal and disproportionate, nominal or no interest
distributions or distributions of interest and disproportionate, nominal or no
principal distributions. The principal amount of any Certificate may be zero or
may be a notional amount as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. A
Class of Certificates of a Series entitled to payments of interest may receive
interest at a specified rate (a "Pass-Through Rate"") which may be fixed,
variable or adjustable and may differ from other Classes of the same Series, may
receive interest based on the weighted average Mortgage Rate on the related
Primary Assets, or may receive interest as otherwise determined, all as
described in the related Prospectus Supplement. One or more Classes of a Series
may be Certificates upon which interest will accrue but not be currently paid
until certain other Classes have received principal payments due to them in full
or until the occurrence of certain events, as set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement. One or more Classes of Certificates of a Series may be
entitled to receive principal payments pursuant to a planned amortization
schedule or may be entitled to receive interest payments based on a notional
principal amount which reduces in accordance with a planned amortization
schedule. A Series may also include one or more Classes of Certificates entitled
to payments derived from a specified group or groups of Primary Assets held by
the related Trust.
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The rights of one or more Classes of Certificates may be senior or subordinate
to the rights of one or more of the other Classes of Certificates. A Series may
include two or more Classes of Certificates which differ as to the timing,
sequential order, priority of payment or amount of distributions of principal or
interest or both.
Each Class of Certificates of a Series will be issued in the denominations
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Each Certificate will represent
a percentage interest (a "Percentage Interest") in the Certificates of the
respective Class, determined by dividing the original principal balance (or
Notional Principal Amount, in the case of certain Certificates entitled to
receive interest only) represented by such Certificate by the original principal
balance (or Notional Principal Amount) of such Class. The related Prospectus
Supplement will set forth the amount or method of calculating the Notional
Principal Amount with respect to any Certificate.
One or more Classes of Certificates of a Series may be issuable in the
form of fully registered definitive certificates or, if so specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, one or more Classes of Certificates of a Series
(the "Book-Entry Certificates" may initially be represented by one or more
certificates registered in the name of Cede & Co. ("Cede"), the nominee of The
Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), and available only in the form of book-entries
on the records of DTC, participating members thereof ("Participants") and other
entities, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies, that clear
through or maintain custodial relationships with a Participant, either directly
or indirectly ("Indirect Participants"). Certificateholders may also hold
Certificates of a Series through CEDEL or Euroclear (in Europe), if they are
participants in such systems or indirectly through organizations that are
participants in such systems. Certificates representing the Book-Entry
Certificates will be issued in definitive form only under the limited
circumstances described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. With
respect to Book-Entry Certificates, all references herein to "holders" of
Certificates shall reflect the rights of owners ("Owners") of the Book-Entry
Certificates, as they may indirectly exercise such rights through DTC and
Participants, except as otherwise specified herein. See "--Registration and
Transfer of Certificates" herein.
On each Distribution Date there shall be paid to each person in whose name
a Certificate is registered on the related Record Date (which in case of the
Book-Entry Certificates initially will be only Cede, as nominee of DTC), the
portion of the aggregate payment to be made to holders of such Class to which
such holder is entitled, if any, based on the Percentage Interest, held by such
holder of such Class, as further described in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Interest
Interest will accrue on each Class of Certificates of a Series (other than
a Class of Certificates entitled to receive only principal) during each period
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (each, an "Accrual Period") at
the Pass-Through Rate for such Class specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Interest accrued on each Class of Certificates at the applicable
Pass-Through Rate during each Accrual Period will be paid, to the extent monies
are available therefor, on each Distribution Date, commencing on the day
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement and will be distributed in the
manner specified in such Prospectus Supplement, except for any Class of
Certificates ("Accrual Certificates") on which interest is to accrue and not be
paid until the principal of certain other Classes has been paid in full or the
occurrence of certain events as specified in such Prospectus Supplement. If so
described in the related Prospectus Supplement, interest that has accrued but is
not yet payable on any Accrual Certificates will be added to the principal
balance thereof on each Distribution Date and will thereafter bear interest at
the applicable Pass-Through Rate. Payments of interest with respect to any Class
of Certificates entitled to receive interest only or a disproportionate amount
of interest and principal will be paid in the manner set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Payments of interest (or accruals of interest, in the
case of Accrual Certificates) with respect to any Series of Certificates or one
or
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more Classes of Certificates of such Series, may be reduced to the extent of
interest shortfalls not covered by Advances, if any, or by any applicable credit
enhancement.
Indices Applicable to Floating Rate and Inverse Floating Rate
Classes
LIBOR
On the LIBOR Determination Date (as such term is defined in the related
Prospectus Supplement) for each class of Certificates of a Series as to which
the applicable interest rate is determined by reference to an index denominated
as LIBOR, the person designated in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
(the "Calculation Agent") will determine LIBOR by reference to the quotations,
as set forth on the Telerate Screen Page 3750 offered by the principal London
office of each of the designated reference banks meeting the criteria set forth
herein (the "Reference Banks") for making one-month United States dollar
deposits in leading banks in the London Interbank market, as of 11:00 a.m.
(London time) on such LIBOR Determination Date. In lieu of relying on the
quotations for those Reference Banks that appear at such time on the Telerate
Screen Page, the Calculation Agent will request each of the Reference Banks to
provide such offered quotations at such time.
LIBOR will be established by the Calculation Agent on each LIBOR
Determination Date as follows:
(a) If on any LIBOR Determination Date two or more Reference Banks provide
such offered quotations, LIBOR for the next Interest Accrual Period shall
be the arithmetic mean of such offered quotations (rounded upwards if
necessary to the nearest whole multiple of 1/32%).
(b) If on any LIBOR Determination Date only one or none of the
Reference Banks provides such offered quotations, LIBOR for
the next Interest Accrual Period (as such term is defined in
the related Prospectus Supplement) shall be whichever is the
higher of (i) LIBOR as determined on the previous LIBOR
Determination Date or (ii) the Reserve Interest Rate. The
"Reserve Interest Rate" shall be the rate per annum which
the Calculation Agent determines to be either (i) the
arithmetic mean (rounded upwards if necessary to the nearest
whole multiple of 1/32%) of the one-month United States
dollar lending rates that New York City banks selected by
the Calculation Agent are quoting, on the relevant LIBOR
Determination Date, to the principal London offices of at
least two of the Reference Banks to which such quotations
are, in the opinion of the Calculation Agent, being so made,
or (ii) in the event that the Calculation Agent can
determine no such arithmetic mean, the lowest one-month
United States dollar lending rate which New York City banks
selected by the Calculation Agent are quoting on such LIBOR
Determination Date to leading European banks.
(c) If on any LIBOR Determination Date for a Class specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement, the Calculation Agent is
required but is unable to determine the Reserve Interest
Rate in the manner provided in paragraph (b) above, LIBOR
for the next Accrual Period shall be LIBOR as determined on
the preceding LIBOR Determination Date, or, in the case of
the first LIBOR Determination Date, LIBOR shall be deemed to
be the per annum rate specified as such in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
Each Reference Bank (i) shall be a leading bank engaged in transactions in
Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurocurrency market; (ii) shall not
control, be controlled by, or be under common control with the Calculation
Agent; and (iii) shall have an established place of business in London. If any
such Reference Bank should be unwilling or unable to act as such or if
appointment of any such Reference Bank is terminated, another leading bank
meeting the criteria specified above will be appointed.
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The establishment of LIBOR on each LIBOR Determination Date by the
Calculation Agent and its calculation of the rate of interest for the applicable
classes for the related Accrual Period shall (in the absence of manifest error)
be final and binding.
COFI
The Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index is designed to represent the
monthly weighted average cost of funds for savings institutions in Arizona,
California and Nevada that are member institutions of the Eleventh Federal Home
Loan Bank District (the "Eleventh District"). The Eleventh District Cost of
Funds Index for a particular month reflects the interest costs paid on all types
of funds held by Eleventh District member institutions and is calculated by
dividing the cost of funds by the average of the total amount of those funds
outstanding at the end of that month and of the prior month and annualizing and
adjusting the result to reflect the actual number of days in the particular
month. If necessary, before these calculations are made, the component figures
are adjusted by the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco ("FHLBSF") to
neutralize the effect of events such as member institutions leaving the Eleventh
District or acquiring institutions outside the Eleventh District. The Eleventh
District Cost of Funds Index is weighted to reflect the relative amount of each
type of funds held at the end of the relevant month. The major components of
funds of Eleventh District member institutions are: (i) savings deposits, (ii)
time deposits, (iii) FHLBSF advances, (iv) repurchase agreements and (v) all
other borrowings. Because the component funds represent a variety of maturities
whose costs may react in different ways to changing conditions, the Eleventh
District Cost of Funds Index does not necessarily reflect current market rates.
A number of factors affect the performance of the Eleventh District Cost
of Funds Index, which may cause it to move in a manner different from indices
tied to specific interest rates, such as United States Treasury bills or LIBOR.
Because the liabilities upon which the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index is
based were issued at various times under various market conditions and with
various maturities, the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index may not
necessarily reflect the prevailing market interest rates on new liabilities of
similar maturities. Moreover, as stated above, the Eleventh District Cost of
Funds Index is designed to represent the average cost of funds for Eleventh
District savings institutions for the month prior to the month in which it is
due to be published. Additionally, the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index may
not necessarily move in the same direction as market interest rates at all
times, since as longer term deposits or borrowings mature and are renewed at
prevailing market interest rates, the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index is
influenced by the differential between the prior and the new rates on those
deposits or borrowings. In addition, movements of the Eleventh District Cost of
Funds Index, as compared to other indices tied to specific interest rates, may
be affected by changes instituted by the FHLBSF in the method used to calculate
the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index.
The FHLBSF publishes the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index in its
monthly Information Bulletin. Any individual may request regular receipt by mail
of Information Bulletins by writing the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco,
P.O. Box 7948, 600 California Street, San Francisco, California 94120, or by
calling (415) 616-1000. The Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index may also be
obtained by calling the FHLBSF at (415) 616-2600.
The FHLBSF has stated in its Information Bulletin that the Eleventh
District Cost of Funds Index for a month "will be announced on or near the last
working day" of the following month and also has stated that it "cannot
guarantee the announcement" of such index on an exact date. So long as such
index for a month is announced on or before the tenth day of the second
following month, the interest rate for each Class of Certificates of a Series as
to which the applicable interest rate is determined by reference to an index
denominated as COFI (each, a Class of "COFI Certificates") for the Accrual
Period commencing in such second following month will be based on the Eleventh
District Cost of Funds Index for the second
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preceding month. If publication is delayed beyond such tenth day, such interest
rate will be based on the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index for the third
preceding month.
If on the tenth day of the month in which any Accrual Period commences for
a Class of COFI Certificates the most recently published Eleventh District Cost
of Funds Index relates to a month prior to the third preceding month, the index
for such current Accrual Period and for each succeeding Accrual Period will,
except as described in the next to last sentence of this paragraph, be based on
the National Monthly Median Cost of Funds Ratio to SAIF-Insured Institutions
(the "National Cost of Funds Index") published by the Office of Thrift
Supervision (the "OTS") for the third preceding month (or the fourth preceding
month if the National Cost of Funds Index for the third preceding month has not
been published on such tenth day of an Interest Accrual Period). Information on
the National Cost of Funds Index may be obtained by writing the OTS at 1700 G
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20552 or calling (202) 906-6677, and the current
National Cost of Funds Index may be obtained by calling (202) 906-6988. If on
any such tenth day of the month in which an Interest Accrual Period commences
the most recently published National Cost of Funds Index relates to a month
prior to the fourth preceding month, the applicable index for such Accrual
Period and each succeeding Accrual Period will be based on LIBOR, as determined
by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement
relating to such Series of Certificates. A change of index from the Eleventh
District Cost of Funds Index to an alternative index will result in a change in
the index level, and, particularly if LIBOR is the alternative index, could
increase its volatility.
The establishment of COFI by the Calculation Agent and its calculation of
the rates of interest for the applicable Classes for the related Accrual Period
shall (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding.
Treasury Index
On the Treasury Index Determination Date (as such term is defined in the
related Prospectus Supplement) for each Class of Certificates of a Series as to
which the applicable interest rate is determined by reference to an index
denominated as a Treasury Index, the Calculation Agent will ascertain the
Treasury Index for Treasury securities of the maturity and for the period (or,
if applicable, date) specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Unless
otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Treasury Index for
any period means the average of the yield for each business day during the
period specified therein (and for any date means the yield for such date),
expressed as a per annum percentage rate, on (i) U.S. Treasury securities
adjusted to the "constant maturity" (as further described below) specified in
such Prospectus Supplement or (ii) if no "constant maturity" is so specified,
U.S. Treasury securities trading on the secondary market having the maturity
specified in such Prospectus Supplement, in each case as published by the
Federal Reserve Board in its Statistical Release No. H.15(519). Statistical
Release No. H.15(519) is published on Monday or Tuesday of each week and may be
obtained by writing or calling the Publications Department at the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve 53 System, 21st and C Streets, Washington, D.C.
20551, (202) 452-3244. If the Calculation Agent has not yet received Statistical
Release No. H.15(519) for such week, then it will use such Statistical Release
from the immediately preceding week.
Yields on U.S. Treasury securities at "constant maturity" are derived from
the U.S. Treasury's daily yield curve. This curve, which relates the yield on a
security to its time to maturity, is based on the closing market bid yields on
actively traded Treasury securities in the over-the-counter market. These market
yields are calculated from composites of quotations reported by five leading
U.S. Government securities dealers to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. This
method provides a yield for a given maturity even if no security with that exact
maturity is outstanding. In the event that the Treasury Index is no longer
published, a new index based upon comparable data and methodology will be
designated in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement relating to
the particular Series of Certificates.
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The Calculation Agent's determination of the Treasury Index, and its calculation
of the rates of interest for the applicable Classes for the related Accrual
Period shall (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding.
Prime Rate
On the Prime Rate Determination Date (as such term is defined in the
related Prospectus Supplement) for each Class of Certificates of a Series as to
which the applicable interest rate is determined by reference to an index
denominated as the Prime Rate, the Calculation Agent will ascertain the Prime
Rate for the related Accrual Period. Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the "Prime Rate" for an Accrual Period will be the "prime
rate" as published in the "Money Rates" section of The Wall Street Journal (or
if not so published, the "prime rate" as published in a newspaper of general
circulation selected by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion) on the
related Prime Rate Determination Date. If a prime rate range is given, then the
average of such range will be used. In the event that the "prime rate" is no
longer published, a new index based upon comparable data and methodology will be
designated in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement relating to
the particular Series of Certificates. The Calculation Agent's determination of
the Prime Rate and its calculation of the rates of interest for the related
Accrual Period shall (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding.
Principal
On each Distribution Date, commencing with the Distribution Date specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, principal with respect to the related
Primary Assets due during the period specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement (each such period, a "Due Period") will be paid to holders of the
Certificates of the related Series (other than a Class of Certificates of such
Series entitled to receive interest only) in the priority, manner and amount
specified in such Prospectus Supplement, to the extent funds are available
therefor. Such principal payments will generally include to the extent of funds
available (i) the principal portion of all Monthly Payments on the related
Primary Assets which are received or advanced, (ii) any principal prepayments of
any such Primary Assets in full ("Principal Prepayments") and in part
("Curtailments") received during the related Due Period or such other period
(each, a "Prepayment Period") specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
(iii) the principal portion received during the related Due Period or such other
period as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement of (A) the proceeds of
any insurance policy relating to a Primary Asset, a Mortgaged Property or a REO
Property net of any amounts applied to the repair of the Mortgaged Property or
released to the Mortgagor and net of reimbursable expenses ("Insurance
Proceeds"), (B) proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of any
defaulted Primary Assets or REO Properties ("Liquidation Proceeds"), net of fees
and advances reimbursable therefrom ("Net Liquidation Proceeds") and (C) net
proceeds received in connection with a taking of a related Mortgaged Property by
condemnation or the exercise of eminent domain or in connection with any partial
release of any such Mortgaged Property from the related lien ("Released
Mortgaged Property Proceeds"), (iv) the principal portion of all amounts paid by
the Seller in connection with the purchase of a Primary Asset as to which there
is defective documentation or a breach of a representation or warranty contained
in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement that materially and adversely
affects the interests of the Certificateholders and (v) the principal portion of
amounts received on each defaulted Primary Asset or REO Property as to which the
Master Servicer has determined that all amounts expected to be recovered have
been recovered (each, a "Liquidated Primary Asset"), to the extent not included
in the amounts described in clauses (i) through (iv) above. Payments of
principal with respect to a Series of Certificates or one or more Classes of
such Series may be reduced to the extent of delinquencies or losses not covered
by Advances or any applicable credit enhancement.
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Reports to Holders
On each Distribution Date, there will be forwarded to each holder a
statement prepared by the Trustee setting forth, among other things, the
information as to such Distribution Date required by the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, which generally will include, except as otherwise provided
therein or the related Prospectus Supplement, if applicable:
(i) the Available Payment Amount (and any portion of the Available Payment
Amount that has been deposited in the Distribution Account but may not be
withdrawn therefrom pursuant to an order of a court of competent
jurisdiction imposing a stay pursuant to Section 362 of the United States
Bankruptcy Code);
(ii) the principal balance of each Class of Certificates as reported in the
report for the immediately preceding Distribution Date, or, with respect
to the first Distribution Date for a Series of Certificates, the original
principal balance of such Class;
(iii) the principal portion of all Monthly Payments received during the related
Due Period;
(iv) the amount of interest received on the Primary Assets during the related
Due Period;
(v) the aggregate amount of the Advances, if any, to be made with respect to
the Distribution Date;
(vi) certain delinquency and foreclosure information as described more fully in
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and the amount of Realized
Losses during the related Due Period;
(vii) the amount of interest and principal due to the holders of each Class of
Certificates of such Series on such Distribution Date;
(viii)the amount then available in any Spread Account, Reserve Account or
Prefunding Account;
(ix) the amount of the payments, if any, to be made from any credit enhancement
on the Distribution Date;
(x) the amount to be distributed on the Distribution Date to the holders of
any subordinated or residual Certificates issued pursuant to the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and not otherwise offered pursuant to this
Prospectus or the related Prospectus Supplement;
(xi) the principal balance of each Class of Certificates of such Series after
giving effect to the payments to be made on the Distribution Date;
(xii) with respect to the Trust, the weighted average maturity and the weighted
average Mortgage Rate of the Primary Assets as of the last day of the
related Due Period;
(xiii)the amount of all payments or reimbursements to the Master Servicer for
accrued unpaid Servicing Fees, unreimbursed Advances, and interest in
respect of Permitted Investments or funds on deposit in the Collection
Account and certain other amounts during the related Due Period;
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(xiv) the Pool Principal Balance as of the immediately preceding Distribution
Date, the Pool Principal Balance after giving effect to payments received
prior to the related Determination Date or during the related Due Period,
as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement and Realized Losses
incurred during the related Due Period and the ratio of the Pool Principal
Balance to the Original Pool Principal Balance. As of any Distribution
Date, the "Pool Principal Balance" equals the aggregate outstanding
principal balance of all Primary Assets, together with all amounts in any
Prefunding Account not otherwise distributed pursuant to the terms of the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as reduced by the aggregate Realized
Losses, at the end of the related Due Period;
(xv) certain information with respect to the funding, availability and release
of monies from any Spread Account, Reserve Account or Prefunding Account;
(xvi) the number of Primary Assets outstanding at the beginning and at the end
of the related Due Period;
(xvii) the amounts that are reimbursable to the Master Servicer, the Trustee or
the Depositor, as appropriate; and
(xviii) such other information as the Depositor reasonably determines to be
necessary or appropriate.
Description of Credit Enhancement
To the extent specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, credit
enhancement for one or more Classes of a Series of Certificates may be provided
by one or more of a letter of credit, financial guaranty insurance policy,
mortgage pool insurance policy, special hazard insurance policy, bankruptcy
bond, reserve fund, spread account, cash collateral account,
overcollateralization, cross-collateralization subordination or other type of
credit enhancement to cover one or more risks with respect to the Primary Assets
or the Certificates, as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Credit
enhancement may also be provided by subordination of one or more Classes of
Certificates of a Series to one or more other Classes of Certificates of such
Series. Any credit enhancement will be limited in amount and scope of coverage.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, credit
enhancement for a Series of Certificates will not be available for losses
incurred with respect to any other Series of Certificates. To the extent credit
enhancement for any Series of Certificates is exhausted, or losses are incurred
which are not covered by such credit enhancement, the holders of the
Certificates will bear all further risk of loss.
The amounts and types of credit enhancement, as well as the provider
thereof (the "Credit Provider"), if applicable, with respect to each Series of
Certificates will be set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. To the
extent provided in the applicable Prospectus Supplement and the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, any credit enhancement may be periodically modified,
reduced or substituted, either as the aggregate principal balance of the
Certificates decreases, upon the occurrence of certain events or otherwise. To
the extent permitted by the applicable Rating Agencies and provided that the
then current rating of the affected Certificates is not reduced or withdrawn as
a result thereof, any credit enhancement may be cancelled, reduced or modified
in amount or scope of coverage or both, as provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
The descriptions of credit enhancement arrangements included in this
Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement and the coverage thereunder do not
purport to be complete and are qualified in
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their entirety by reference to the actual forms of governing documents, copies
of which will be filed with the related Form 8-K.
Financial Guaranty Insurance Policy. If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, a financial guaranty insurance policy or surety bond (a
"Certificate Insurance Policy") may be obtained and maintained for a Class or
Series of Certificates. The issuer of the Certificate Insurance Policy (the
"Insurer") will be described in the related Prospectus Supplement and a copy of
the form of Certificate Insurance Policy will be filed with the related Form
8-K.
A Certificate Insurance Policy will be described in the related Prospectus
Supplement and will generally be unconditional and irrevocable and will
guarantee to holders of the applicable Certificates that an amount equal to the
full amount of distributions due to such holders will be received by the Trustee
or its agent on behalf of such holders for distribution on each Distribution
Date. The specific terms of any Certificate Insurance Policy will be set forth
in the related Prospectus Supplement. A Certificate Insurance Policy may have
limitations and generally will not insure the obligation of the Seller to
purchase or substitute for a defective Primary Asset and will not guarantee any
specific rate of principal prepayments. The Insurer will, to the extent
described in the related Prospectus Supplement, be subrogated to the rights of
each holder to the extent the Insurer makes payments under the Certificate
Insurance Policy.
Letter of Credit. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
all or a component of credit enhancement for a Class or a Series of Certificates
may be provided by a letter of credit (a "Letter of Credit") issued by a bank or
other financial institution (a "Letter of Credit Issuer") identified in the
related Prospectus Supplement. Each Letter of Credit will be described in the
related Prospectus Supplement and will generally be irrevocable. A Letter of
Credit may provide coverage with respect to one or more Classes of Certificates
or the underlying Primary Assets or, if specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, may support a specified obligation or be provided in lieu of the
funding with cash of a Reserve Account or Spread Account. The amount available,
conditions to drawing, if any, and right to reimbursement with respect to a
Letter of Credit will be specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. A
Letter of Credit will expire on the date specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, unless earlier terminated or extended in accordance with its terms.
Mortgage Pool Insurance Policy. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, credit enhancement with respect to a Series of Certificates may be
provided by a mortgage pool insurance policy (a "Pool Insurance Policy") issued
by the insurer (a "Pool Insurer") specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Each Pool Insurance Policy will, subject to limitations described in
such Prospectus Supplement, insure against losses due to defaults in the payment
of principal or interest on the underlying Primary Assets up to the amount
specified in such Prospectus Supplement (or in the related Form 8-K). The
Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to any Series of Certificates for
which a Pool Insurance Policy is provided will require the Master Servicer or
other party specified therein to use reasonable efforts to maintain at the
expense of the Trust the Pool Insurance Policy and to present claims to the Pool
Insurer in the manner required thereby. No Pool Insurance Policy will be a
blanket policy against loss and each such policy will be subject to the
limitations and conditions precedent described in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Special Hazard Insurance Policy. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, credit enhancement with respect to a Series of Certificates may be
provided in part by an insurance policy (a "Special Hazard Policy") covering
losses due to physical damage to a Mortgaged Property other than a loss of the
type covered by a standard hazard insurance policy or flood insurance policy or
losses resulting from the application of co-insurance clauses contained in
standard hazard insurance policies. The Prospectus Supplement relating to a
Series of Certificates for which a Special Hazard Policy is provided will
identify the issuer of such policy and any limitations on coverage. No Special
Hazard
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Policy will cover extraordinary losses such as those due to war, civil
insurrection, governmental action, errors in design or workmanship, chemical
contamination or similar causes. Each Special Hazard Policy will contain an
aggregate limit on claims specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. No
claim will be paid under any Special Hazard Policy unless hazard insurance on
the Mortgaged Property is in force and protection and preservation expenses have
been paid.
Spread Account and Reserve Account. If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, all or any component of credit enhancement for a Series
of Certificates may be provided by a reserve account (a "Reserve Account") or a
spread account (a "Spread Account"). A Reserve Account or Spread Account may be
funded by a combination of cash, one or more letters of credit or one or more
Permitted Investments provided by the Depositor or other party identified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, amounts otherwise distributable to one or more
Classes of Certificates subordinated to one or more other Classes of
Certificates or all or any portion of the interest accrued on the Primary Assets
in excess of that accrued on the related Certificates ("Excess Spread"). If so
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Reserve Account for a Series
of Certificates may be funded in whole or in part on the applicable Closing
Date. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, cash deposited in a
Reserve Account or a Spread Account may be withdrawn and replaced with one or
more letters of credit or Permitted Investments. A Reserve Account or Spread
Account may be pledged or otherwise made available to a Credit Provider. If so
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Reserve Account or Spread
Account may not be deemed part of the assets of the related Trust or the related
REMIC or may be deemed to be pledged or provided by one or more of the
Depositor, the holders of the Class of Certificates otherwise entitled to the
amounts deposited in such account or such other party as is identified in such
Prospectus Supplement. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
Spread Account, Prefunding Account or Reserve Account may also require the
establishment of an account (a "Yield Supplement Account") to cover interest
shortfalls, as more fully described in the related Prospectus Supplement. Funds
on deposit in the Yield Supplement Account for any Series may be applied to
supplement interest payable on the related Primary Assets if necessary to pay
interest to holders of one or more Classes of Certificates of such Series at the
applicable Pass-Through Rate.
Cash Collateral Account. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, all or any portion of credit enhancement for a Series of
Certificates may be provided by the establishment of a cash collateral account
(a "Cash Collateral Account"). A Cash Collateral Account will be similar to a
Reserve Account or Spread Account except that generally a Cash Collateral
Account is funded initially by a loan from a cash collateral lender (the "Cash
Collateral Lender"), the proceeds of which are invested with the Cash Collateral
Lender or other eligible institution. Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the Cash Collateral Account will be required to be
maintained as an Eligible Account. The loan from the Cash Collateral Lender will
be repaid from Excess Spread, if any, or such other amounts as are specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement. Amounts on deposit in the Cash Collateral
Account will be available in generally the same manner described above with
respect to a Spread Account or Reserve Account. As specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, a Cash Collateral Account may be deemed to be part of the
assets of the related Trust, may be deemed to be part of the assets of a
separate cash collateral trust or may be deemed to be property of the party
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement and pledged for the benefit of
the holders of one or more Classes of Certificates of a Series.
Subordination. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
distributions of scheduled principal, Principal Prepayments, Curtailments,
interest or any combination thereof otherwise payable to one or more Classes of
Certificates of a Series ("Subordinated Certificates") may instead be payable to
holders of one or more other Classes of Certificates of such Series ("Senior
Certificates") under the circumstances and to the extent specified in such
Prospectus Supplement. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
delays in receipt of scheduled payments on the Primary Assets and losses on
defaulted Primary Assets will be borne first by the various Classes of
Subordinated Certificates and thereafter by the various Classes of Senior
Certificates, in each case under the circumstances and subject
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to the limitations specified in such Prospectus Supplement. A Series of
Certificates may include one or more Classes of Subordinated Certificates
entitled to receive cash flows remaining after distributions are made to all
other Classes designated as being senior thereto. Such right to receive payments
will effectively be subordinate to the rights of holders of such senior
designated Classes of Certificates. A Series may also include one or more
Classes of Subordinated Certificates that will be allocated losses prior to any
losses being allocated to Classes of Subordinated Certificates designated as
being senior thereto. The aggregate losses in respect of defaulted Primary
Assets which must be borne by the Subordinated Certificates by virtue of
subordination and the amount of the distributions otherwise distributable to the
Subordinated Certificates that will be distributable to Senior Certificates on
any Distribution Date may be limited as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement or the availability of subordination may otherwise be limited as
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. If losses or delinquencies were
to exceed the amounts payable and available to holders of Subordinated
Certificates of a Series or if such amounts were to exceed any limitation on the
amount of subordination available, holders of Senior Certificates of such Series
could experience losses.
In addition, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, amounts
otherwise payable to holders of Subordinated Certificates on any Distribution
Date may be deposited in a Reserve Account or Spread Account, as described
above. Such deposits may be made on each Distribution Date, on each Distribution
Date for a specified period or to the extent necessary to cause the balance in
such account to reach or maintain a specified amount, as specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, and thereafter, amounts may be released from such
Reserve Account or Spread Account in the amounts and under the circumstances
specified in such Prospectus Supplement.
Distributions may be allocated as among Classes of Senior Certificates and
as among Classes of Subordinated Certificates in order of their final scheduled
payment dates, in accordance with a schedule or formula or otherwise, as
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. As between Classes of
Subordinated Certificates, payments to holders of Senior Certificates on account
of delinquencies or losses and deposits to any Reserve Account or Spread Account
will be allocated as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Principal
Prepayments and Curtailments may be paid disproportionately to Classes of Senior
Certificates pursuant to a "shifting interest" structure or otherwise, as
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Overcollateralization. If specified in the Prospectus Supplement,
subordination provisions of a Trust may be used to accelerate to a limited
extent the amortization of one or more Classes of Certificates relative to the
amortization of the related Primary Assets. The accelerated amortization is
achieved by the application of certain excess interest to the payment of
principal of one or more Classes of Certificates. This acceleration feature
creates, with respect to the Primary Assets or groups thereof,
overcollateralization which results from the excess of the aggregate principal
balance of the related Primary Assets, or a group thereof, over the principal
balance of the related Class of Certificates. Such acceleration may continue for
the life of the related Certificates, or may be limited. In the case of limited
acceleration, once the required level of overcollateralization is reached, and
subject to certain provisions specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
such limited acceleration feature may cease, unless necessary to maintain the
required level of overcollateralization.
Cross-Collateralization. If specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the beneficial ownership of separate groups of Primary Assets
included in the Trust for a Series may be evidenced by separate Classes of
Certificates. In such case, credit enhancement may be provided by a
cross-support feature which may require that distributions be made with respect
to Certificates evidencing beneficial ownership of one or more groups of Primary
Assets prior to distribution to Subordinated Certificates evidencing a
beneficial ownership interest in other groups of Primary Assets within the same
Trust. The Prospectus Supplement for a Series which includes a cross-support
feature will describe the manner and conditions for applying such cross-support
feature.
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Payment of Certain Expenses
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, in order to provide
for the payment of the fees of the Credit Provider, if any, the Trustee may be
required to establish a credit enhancement account and to deposit therein on the
dates specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, from amounts on deposit in
the Distribution Account, in the priority indicated, an amount that is
sufficient to pay the premiums or fees due to the Credit Provider.
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will set forth the terms of the
payment to the Trustee from time to time of its fees and the reasonable
expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee, either
from amounts on deposit in the Distribution Account or as otherwise described
therein.
Servicing Compensation
As compensation for servicing and administering the Primary Assets, the
Master Servicer is entitled to a fee in the amount specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement (the "Servicing Fee"), payable from all or a portion of
payments on the related Primary Assets, Liquidation Proceeds, Released Mortgaged
Property Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds and certain other collections on the
related Primary Assets, as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. In
addition to the Servicing Fee, the Master Servicer will generally be entitled
under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement to retain as additional
servicing compensation any assumption, modification and other administrative
fees (including bad check charges, prepayment premiums, late payment fees and
similar fees), the excess of any Net Liquidation Proceeds over the outstanding
principal balance of a Liquidated Primary Asset, to the extent not otherwise
required to be remitted to the Trustee for deposit into the Distribution
Account, and interest paid on funds on deposit in the Collection Account.
Servicing Standards
General Servicing Standards. The Master Servicer will agree to service the
Primary Assets in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and, in
servicing and administering the Primary Assets, to employ or cause to be
employed procedures, including collection, foreclosure and REO Property
management procedures, and exercise the same care it customarily employs and
exercises in servicing and administering assets similar to the Primary Assets
for other third party portfolios or its own account, in accordance with accepted
servicing practices of prudent servicing institutions that service assets
similar to the Primary Assets and giving due consideration to the holders of the
related Certificates, and any Credit Provider's interests. The interests of the
holders of each Class of Certificates of any Series and the Credit Provider, if
any, may differ with respect to servicing decisions which may affect the rate at
which prepayments are received. No holder of a Certificate will have the right
to make any decisions with respect to the underlying Primary Assets. The Master
Servicer will have the right and obligation to make such decisions in accordance
with its normal servicing procedures and the standards set forth in the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and, in certain cases, the consent or approval
of the Credit Provider, if any, may be permitted or required.
Hazard Insurance. The Master Servicer will exercise its best reasonable
efforts to cause to be maintained fire and hazard insurance with extended
coverage (sometimes referred to as "standard hazard insurance") customary in the
area where the Mortgaged Property is located, to the extent required or
permitted under the related Mortgage, in an amount which is at least equal to
that of the standard form of fire insurance policy with extended coverage
customary in the state in which the property is located. Such coverage generally
will be in an amount equal to the lesser of the principal balance of such
Primary Asset or 100% of the insurable value of the improvements securing the
Primary Asset. Generally, if the
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Mortgaged Property is in an area identified in the Federal Register by the Flood
Emergency Management Agency as Flood Zone "A", the Mortgage will require the
Mortgagor to maintain a flood insurance policy with a generally acceptable
insurance carrier in an amount representing coverage not less than that required
under guidelines promulgated by the Federal National Mortgage Association. The
Master Servicer will also be required to maintain on REO Property, to the extent
such insurance is available at commercially reasonable rates, fire and hazard
insurance in the applicable amounts described above, liability insurance and, to
the extent required and available under the National Flood Insurance Act of
1968, as amended, and the Master Servicer determines that such insurance is
necessary in accordance with accepted servicing practices of prudent servicing
institutions for assets similar to the Primary Assets, flood insurance in an
amount equal to that required above. Any amounts collected by the Master
Servicer under any such policies (other than amounts to be applied to the
restoration or repair of the Mortgaged Property, or to be released to the
Mortgagor in accordance with the related Mortgage or customary mortgage
servicing procedures) will be deposited in the Collection Account, subject to
retention by the Master Servicer to the extent such amounts constitute servicing
compensation or to withdrawal pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
If the Master Servicer obtains and maintains a blanket policy or master
forced placed insurance policy insuring all of the Primary Assets against some
or all of the risks described above, then, to the extent such policy names the
Master Servicer as loss payee and provides coverage in an amount equal to the
aggregate outstanding principal balance on the Primary Assets without
co-insurance, the Master Servicer will be deemed conclusively to have satisfied
its obligations with respect to such insurance coverage.
In general, the standard hazard insurance policy covers physical damage
to or destruction of the improvements on the property by fire, lightning,
explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, and riot, strike and civil commotion,
subject to the conditions and exclusions specified in each policy. Although the
policies relating to Primary Assets will be underwritten by different insurers
under different state laws in accordance with different applicable state forms
and therefore will not contain identical terms and conditions, the basic terms
thereof are dictated by respective state laws, and most such policies typically
do not cover any physical damage resulting from war, revolution, governmental
actions, floods and other water related causes, earth movement (including
earthquakes, landslides and mudflows), nuclear reactions, wet or dry rot,
rodents, insects or domestic animals, theft and, in certain cases, vandalism.
The foregoing list is merely indicative of certain kinds of uninsured risks and
is not intended to be all-inclusive. No other insurance coverage (other than
title insurance as specified herein) is required under the Primary Assets or the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Mortgagors under some of the Primary Assets may obtain credit life or
disability insurance policies. Such policies require the insurers to make
payments on the related Primary Assets in the event of death or certain events
of disability of the Mortgagor. To the extent such policies are obtained, the
proceeds thereof will constitute assets of the related Trust. No Mortgagor is
required to obtain credit life or disability insurance.
Since, as a general matter, the cost of construction of residential
properties has increased in recent years, if the amount of hazard insurance
maintained on the improvements securing a Primary Asset were to decline as its
principal balance decreased, hazard insurance proceeds could be insufficient to
restore fully the damaged property in the event of a loss.
Enforcement of "Due-on-Sale" Clauses. When a Mortgaged Property has been
or is about to be conveyed by the Mortgagor, the Master Servicer, on behalf of
the Trustee, is required, to the extent it has knowledge of such conveyance or
prospective conveyance to enforce the rights of the Trustee as the mortgagee of
record to accelerate the maturity of the related Primary Asset under any
"due-on-sale" clause contained in the related Mortgage or Mortgage Note;
provided, however, that the Master Servicer
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will not be permitted to exercise any such right if the "due-on-sale" clause, in
the reasonable belief of the Master Servicer, is not enforceable under
applicable law or unless, in the Master Servicer's reasonable judgment, doing so
would materially increase the risk of default or delinquency on, or materially
impair the security for, such Primary Asset. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the
Primary Assets--Enforceability of Certain Provisions." In such event, the Master
Servicer will be required to enter into an assumption and modification agreement
with the person to whom such property has been or is about to be conveyed,
pursuant to which such person becomes liable under the Mortgage Note and, unless
prohibited by applicable law or the Mortgage Note or Mortgage, the Mortgagor
remains liable thereon. The Master Servicer will also be authorized (with the
prior approval of any Credit Provider, if required) to enter into a substitution
of liability agreement with such person, pursuant to which the original
Mortgagor is released from liability and such person is substituted as Mortgagor
and becomes liable under the Mortgage Note.
Realization Upon Defaulted Primary Assets. The Master Servicer is required
to use its best reasonable efforts to foreclose upon or otherwise comparably
effect the ownership in the name of the Trustee on behalf of the holders of the
related Certificates of Mortgaged Properties relating to defaulted Mortgage
Loans as to which no satisfactory arrangements can be made for collection of
delinquent payments; provided, however, that the Master Servicer will not be
required to foreclose if it determines that foreclosure would not be in the best
interests of the holders or any Credit Provider. In connection with such
foreclosure or other conversion, the Master Servicer is required to exercise
collection and foreclosure procedures which are consistent with accepted
servicing practices of prudent servicing institutions for assets similar to the
Primary Assets.
Collection of Primary Asset Payments. Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement
will require the Master Servicer to make reasonable efforts to collect all
payments called for under the terms and provisions of the Primary Assets.
Consistent with the foregoing, the Master Servicer may, based upon its
reasonable determination of what is necessary or desirable, waive any late
payment charge, prepayment premiums, assumption fee or any penalty interest in
connection with the prepayment of a Primary Asset or any other fee or charge
which the Master Servicer would be entitled to retain as servicing compensation.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement for each Series will provide the Master
Servicer with the discretion to modify, waive or amend certain of the terms of
any Primary Asset without the consent of the Trustee or any Certificateholder
subject to certain conditions set forth therein, including the condition that
such modification, waiver or amendment will not result in such Primary Asset
ceasing to be a "qualified mortgage" under the REMIC Regulations.
Use of Subservicers
The Master Servicer will be permitted under each Pooling and Servicing
Agreement to enter into subservicing agreements ("Subservicing Agreements") for
any servicing and administration of Primary Assets with any institution (each, a
"Subservicer") which meets the requirements set forth in the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. Such Subservicer shall have all the rights and powers of
the Master Servicer with respect to such Primary Assets under the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. The related Prospectus Supplement shall set forth whether a
Subservicer is required to be designated by Federal National Mortgage
Association ("FNMA") or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC") as
an approved Seller-Servicer for first and second mortgage loans or the standards
under which a Subservicer may service the Primary Assets.
Notwithstanding any Subservicing Agreement, the Master Servicer will not
be relieved of its obligations under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and the
Master Servicer shall be obligated to the same extent and under the same terms
and conditions as if it alone were servicing and administering the Primary
Assets. The Master Servicer will be entitled to enter into any agreement with a
Subservicer for indemnification of the Master Servicer by such Subservicer and
nothing contained in any Pooling and Servicing Agreement shall be deemed to
limit or modify such indemnification.
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Servicing Certificates and Audits
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement for each Series will generally provide
that on or before a specified date in each year, beginning the first such date
that is at least a specified number of months after the Cut-off Date, there will
be furnished to the related Trustee a report of a firm of independent certified
public accountants stating that (i) it has obtained a letter of representation
regarding certain matters from the management of the Master Servicer which
includes an assertion that the Master Servicer has complied with certain minimum
mortgage loan servicing standards, identified in the Uniform Single Attestation
Program for Mortgage Bankers established by the Mortgage Bankers Association of
America, with respect to the Master Servicer's servicing of mortgage loans
during the most recently completed calendar year and (ii) on the basis of an
examination conducted by such firm in accordance with standards established by
the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, such representation is
fairly stated in all material respects, subject to such exceptions and other
qualifications that, in the opinion of such firm, such standards require it to
report. In rendering its report, such firm may rely, as to the matters relating
to the direct servicing of mortgage loans by sub-servicers, upon comparable
reports of firms of independent public accountants rendered on the basis of
examinations conducted in accordance with the same standards (rendered within
one year of such report) with respect to those sub-servicers. The Prospectus
Supplement may provide that additional reports of independent certified public
accountants relating to the servicing of mortgage loans may be required to be
delivered to the Trustee.
In addition, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for each Series will
generally provide that the Master Servicer will each deliver to the Trustee, the
Depositor and each Rating Agency, annually on or before a date specified in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, a statement signed by an officer of the Master
Servicer to the effect that, based on a review of its activities during the
preceding calendar year, to the best of such officer's knowledge, the Master
Servicer has fulfilled in all material respects its obligations under the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement throughout such year or, if there has been a
default in the fulfillment of any such obligation, specifying each default known
to such officer.
Limitations on Liability of the Master Servicer and Its Agents
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that the Master Servicer
and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Master Servicer may rely on
any document of any kind that is reasonably and in good faith believed to be
genuine and adopted or signed by the proper authorities respecting any matters
arising under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In addition, the Master
Servicer will not be required to appear with respect to, prosecute or defend any
legal action that is not incidental to the Master Servicer's duty to service the
Primary Assets in accordance with the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
other than certain claims made by third parties with respect to such Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. In such event, the legal expenses and costs of such action
and any liability resulting therefrom will be expenses, costs and liabilities of
the related Trust and the Master Servicer will be entitled to reimbursement
therefor out of funds otherwise distributable to the Certificateholders. The
Pooling and Servicing Agreement for each Series will also provide that none of
the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Seller or any director, officer,
employee or agent of the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Seller will be
under any liability to the Trust Fund or the Certificateholders for any action
taken, or for refraining from the taking of any action, in good faith pursuant
to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or for errors in judgment; provided,
however, that neither the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Seller nor any
such person will be protected against any liability for a breach of any
representations or warranties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or that
would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or
negligence (or, in the case of the Master Servicer a breach of the servicing
standards set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) in the performance
of its duties or by reason of negligent disregard of its obligations and duties
thereunder. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will further provide that the
Depositor, the
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Master Servicer, the Seller and any director, officer, employee or agent of the
Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Seller will be entitled to indemnification
by the Trust Fund for any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with
any legal action relating to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the
Certificates, other than any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of
its respective willful misfeasance, bad faith, fraud or negligence (or, in the
case of the Master Servicer a breach of the servicing standard set forth in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement) in the performance of duties thereunder or by
reason of negligent disregard of its respective obligations and duties
thereunder. Any loss resulting from such indemnification will reduce amounts
distributable to Certificateholders. The Prospectus Supplement will specify any
variations to the foregoing required by the Rating Agencies rating Certificates
of a Series. Additional information with respect to the limitation on
liabilities of the Master Servicer will be provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Removal and Resignation of Master Servicer
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, any
Credit Provider or either the Trustee or the holders of Certificates of a Series
representing a majority in principal amount of Certificates of such Series,
voting as a single class (a "Majority in Aggregate Voting Interest"), with the
consent of any Credit Provider, may, pursuant to the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, remove the Master Servicer upon the occurrence and
continuation of any of the following events (each a "Master Servicer Termination
Event"):
(i) Any failure by the Master Servicer to deliver to the Trustee for
distribution to Certificateholders any proceeds or payment required to be
so delivered under the terms of the Certificates and the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement that shall continue unremedied for a period of five
Business Days (an "Event of Nonpayment"); or
(ii) Failure of the Seller, so long as it is an affiliate of the Master
Servicer, to repurchase or substitute a Primary Asset pursuant to the
terms of the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement; or
(iii) Failure on the part of the Master Servicer duly to observe or to perform
in any material respect any other covenants or agreements of the Master
Servicer set forth in the Certificates or in the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement which failure materially and adversely affects the rights of
Certificateholders and which failure shall continue unremedied for a
period of 60 days after the date on which written notice of such failure
requiring the same to be remedied shall have been given to the Master
Servicer by the Trustee, or to the Master Servicer and to the Trustee by
the Holders of Certificates evidencing not less than a majority of the
aggregate principal amount of Certificates of such Series; or
(iv) The Master Servicer shall file a petition commencing a
voluntary case under any chapter of the federal bankruptcy
laws, or the Master Servicer shall file a petition or answer
or consent seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment
or composition under any other similar applicable federal
law, or shall consent to the filing of any such petition,
answer or consent, or the Master Servicer shall appoint, or
consent to the appointment of, a custodian, receiver,
liquidator, trustee, assignee, sequestrator or other similar
official in bankruptcy or insolvency, of it or of any
substantial part of its property, or shall make an
assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall admit in
writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they
become due; or
(v) Any order for relief against the Master Servicer shall have been entered
by a court having jurisdiction in the premises under any chapter of the
federal bankruptcy laws, and such order shall have continued undischarged
or unstayed for a period of 120 days, or a decree or order by a court
having jurisdiction in the premises shall have been entered, approving as
properly filed
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a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition
of the Master Servicer under any other similar applicable federal law, and
such decree or order shall have continued undischarged or unstayed for a
period of 120 days, or a decree or order of a court having jurisdiction in
the premises for the appointment of a custodian, receiver, liquidator,
trustee, assignee, sequestrator or other similar official in bankruptcy or
insolvency of the Master Servicer or of any substantial part of its
property, or for the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, shall have
been entered, and such decree or order shall have remained in force
undischarged or unstayed for a period of 120 days.
To the extent specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Depositor may, with the consent of any Credit Provider and holders representing
a majority in aggregate Percentage Interest of each Class of Certificates of a
Series, remove the Master Servicer upon 90 days' prior written notice. No such
removal shall be effective until the appointment and acceptance of a successor
Master Servicer other than the Trustee (unless the Trustee agrees to serve)
meeting the requirements described below and otherwise acceptable to any Credit
Provider and majority in Percentage Interest of each Class of Certificates of
such Series.
The Master Servicer may not assign the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement nor resign from the obligations and duties thereby imposed on it
except by mutual consent of the Master Servicer, any Credit Provider, the
Trustee, the Depositor and the Majority in Aggregate Voting Interest or upon the
determination that the Master Servicer's duties thereunder are no longer
permissible under applicable law and such incapacity cannot be cured by the
Master Servicer. No such resignation shall become effective until a successor
has assumed the Master Servicer's responsibilities and obligations in accordance
with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Upon removal or resignation of the Master Servicer other than as described
in the second preceding paragraph, the Trustee will be the successor servicer
(the "Successor Master Servicer"). Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus
Supplement, the Trustee, as Successor Master Servicer, is obligated to make any
Servicing Advances and certain other Advances, unless it determines reasonably
and in good faith that such Advances would not be recoverable. If, however, the
Trustee is unwilling or unable to act as Successor Master Servicer, the Trustee
may appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint any
housing and home finance institution, bank or mortgage servicing institution
which has been designated as an approved Seller-Servicer by FNMA or FHLMC for
first and second mortgage loans and having equity of not less than the amount
set forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement as the Successor Master
Servicer in the assumption of all or any part of the responsibilities, duties or
liabilities of the Master Servicer.
The Trustee and any other Successor Master Servicer in such capacity is
entitled to the same reimbursement for Advances and other Servicing
Compensation as the Master Servicer. See "--Servicing Compensation" above.
Registration and Transfer of the Certificates
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more Classes
of Certificates of a Series will be issued in definitive certificated form and
will be transferable and exchangeable at the office of the registrar identified
in the related Prospectus Supplement. The related Prospectus Supplement will set
forth whether a service charge will be made for any such registration or
transfer of such Certificates. Whether or not there is a service charge, the
owner may be required to pay a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge.
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more Classes
of Certificates of a Series ("Book-Entry Certificates") may be initially
represented by one or more certificates registered in
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the name of The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") or other securities depository
and be available only in the form of book-entries. Any Book-Entry Certificates
will initially be registered in the name of Cede, the nominee of DTC.
Certificateholders may also hold Certificates of a Series through CEDEL or
Euroclear (in Europe), if they are participants in such systems or indirectly
through organizations that are participants in such systems. CEDEL and Euroclear
will hold omnibus positions on behalf of their participants through customers'
certificates accounts in CEDEL's and Euroclear's names on the books of their
respective Depositaries which in turn will hold such positions in customers'
certificates accounts in the Depositaries' names on the books of DTC. Citibank,
N.A. ("Citibank"), will act as depositary for CEDEL and The Chase Manhattan Bank
("Chase"), will act as depositary for Euroclear (in such capacities, the
"Depositaries").
Transfers between DTC participants will occur in the ordinary way in
accordance with DTC rules. Transfers between CEDEL Participants and Euroclear
Participants will occur in the ordinary way in accordance with their applicable
rules and operating procedures.
Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly
through DTC, on the one hand, and directly or indirectly through CEDEL or
Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in accordance with
DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international clearing system by
its Depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of
instructions to the relevant European international clearing system by the
counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and procedures and
within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant European
international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its settlement
requirements, deliver instructions to its Depositary to take action to effect
final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving certificates through
DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for
same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. CEDEL Participants and Euroclear
Participants may not deliver instructions directly to the Depositaries.
Because of time-zone differences, credits of certificates received in
CEDEL or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a DTC participant will be
made during subsequent certificates settlement processing and dated the business
day following the DTC settlement date. Such credits or any transactions in such
certificates settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant
Euroclear or CEDEL Participant on such business day. Cash received in CEDEL or
Euroclear as a result of sales of certificates by or through a CEDEL Participant
or a Euroclear Participant to a DTC Participant will be received with value on
the DTC settlement date but will be available in the relevant CEDEL or Euroclear
cash account only as of the business day following settlement in DTC. For
information with respect to tax documentation procedures relating to the
Certificates, see "Federal Income Tax Consequences" herein.
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the laws of the
State of New York, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing
corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a
"clearing agency" registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. DTC accepts securities for deposit
from its participating organizations ("Participants") and facilitates the
clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Participants in such
securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of Participants,
thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Participants
include securities brokers and dealers, banks and trust companies and clearing
corporations and may include certain other organizations. Indirect access to the
DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust
companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a
Participant, either directly or indirectly ("Indirect Participants").
Beneficial owners ("Owners") that are not Participants but desire to
purchase, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of Book-Entry Certificates may do
so only through Participants (unless and until
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Definitive Certificates are issued). In addition, Owners will receive all
distributions of principal of, and interest on, the Book-Entry Certificates from
the Trustee through DTC and Participants. Owners will not receive or be entitled
to receive certificates representing their respective interests in the
Book-Entry Certificates, except under the limited circumstances described below.
Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued, it is anticipated
that the only "holder" of Book-Entry Certificates of any Series will be Cede, as
nominee of DTC. Owners will only be permitted to exercise the rights of holders
indirectly through Participants and DTC.
While any Book-Entry Certificates of a Series are outstanding (except
under the circumstances described below), under the rules, regulations and
procedures creating and affecting DTC and its operations (the "Rules"), DTC is
required to make book-entry transfers among Participants on whose behalf it acts
with respect to the Book-Entry Certificates and is required to receive and
transmit distributions of principal of, and interest on, the Book-Entry
Certificates. Participants with whom Owners have accounts with respect to Book
Entry Certificates are similarly required to make book-entry transfers and
receive and transmit such distributions on behalf of their respective Owners.
Accordingly, although Owners will not possess certificates, the Rules provide a
mechanism by which Owners will receive distributions and will be able to
transfer their interests.
Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued, Owners who are not
Participants may transfer ownership of Book-Entry Certificates of a Series only
through Participants by instructing such Participants to transfer Book-Entry
Certificates, by book-entry transfer, through DTC for the account of the
purchasers of such Book-Entry Certificates, which account is maintained with
their respective Participants. Under the Rules and in accordance with DTC's
normal procedures, transfers of ownership of Book-Entry Certificates will be
executed through DTC and the accounts of the respective Participants at DTC will
be debited and credited. Similarly, the respective Participants will make debits
or credits, as the case may be, on their records on behalf of the selling and
purchasing Owners.
Book-Entry Certificates of a Series will be issued in registered form to
Owners, or their nominees, rather than to DTC (such Book-Entry Certificates
being referred to herein as "Definitive Certificates") only under the
circumstances provided in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which
generally will include, except if otherwise provided therein, if (i) DTC or the
Master Servicer advises the Trustee in writing that DTC is no longer willing or
able to discharge properly its responsibilities as nominee and depository with
respect to the Book-Entry Certificates of such Series and the Master Servicer is
unable to locate a qualified successor, (ii) the Master Servicer, at its sole
option, elects to terminate the book-entry system through DTC or (iii) after the
occurrence of a Master Servicer Termination Event, a majority of the aggregate
Percentage Interest of any Class of Certificates of such Series advises DTC in
writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through DTC (or a successor
thereto) to the exclusion of any physical certificates being issued to Owners is
no longer in the best interests of Owners of such Class of Certificates. Upon
issuance of Definitive Certificates of a Series to Owners, such Book-Entry
Certificates will be transferable directly (and not exclusively on a book-entry
basis) and registered holders will deal directly with the Trustee with respect
to transfers, notices and distributions.
DTC has advised the Master Servicer and the Depositor that, unless and
until Definitive Certificates are issued, DTC will take any action permitted to
be taken by a holder only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose
DTC accounts the Certificates are credited. DTC has advised the Master Servicer
and the Depositor that DTC will take such action with respect to any Percentage
Interests of the Book-Entry Certificates of a Series only at the direction of
and on behalf of such Participants with respect to such Percentage Interests of
the Book-Entry Certificates. DTC may take actions, at the direction of the
related Participants, with respect to some Book-Entry Certificates which
conflict with actions taken with respect to other Book-Entry Certificates.
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Cedel Bank, societe anonyme ("CEDEL") is incorporated under the laws of
Luxembourg as a professional depository. CEDEL holds securities for its
participating organizations ("CEDEL Participants") and facilitates the clearance
and settlement of securities transactions between CEDEL Participants through
electronic book-entry changes in accounts of CEDEL Participants, thereby
eliminating the need for physical movement of securities. Transactions may be
settled in CEDEL in any of 28 currencies, including United States dollars. CEDEL
provides to its Participants, among other things, services for safekeeping,
administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities
and securities lending and borrowing. CEDEL interfaces with domestic markets in
several countries. As a professional depository, CEDEL is subject to regulation
by the Luxembourg Monetary Institute. CEDEL Participants are recognized
financial institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities
brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain
other organizations and may include any underwriters, agents or dealers with
respect to a Series of Certificates offered hereby. Indirect access to CEDEL is
also available to others, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies
that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a CEDEL
Participant, either directly or indirectly.
The Euroclear System ("Euroclear") was created in 1968 to hold securities
for participants of the Euroclear System ("Euroclear Participants") and to clear
and settle transactions between Euroclear Participants through simultaneous
electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for
physical movement of certificates and any risk from lack of simultaneous
transfers of securities and cash. Transactions may now be settled in any of 27
currencies, including United States dollars. The Euroclear System includes
various other services, including securities lending and borrowing, and
interfaces with domestic markets in several countries generally similar to the
arrangements for cross-market transfers with DTC described above. The Euroclear
System is operated by Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Brussels,
Belgium office (the "Euroclear Operator"), under contract with Euroclear
Clearance System S.C., a Belgian cooperative corporation (the "Cooperative").
All operations are conducted by the Euroclear Operator, and all Euroclear
securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts with the
Euroclear Operator, not the Cooperative. The Cooperative establishes policy for
Euroclear on behalf of Euroclear Participants. Euroclear Participants include
banks (including central banks), securities brokers and dealers with respect to
a Series of Certificates offered hereby. Indirect access to Euroclear is also
available to other firms that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship
with a Euroclear Participant, either directly or indirectly.
The Euroclear Operator is the Belgian branch of a New York banking
corporation that is a member bank of the Federal Reserve System. As such, it is
regulated and examined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
and the New York State Banking Department, as well as the Belgian Banking
Commission.
Certificates clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear
Operator are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and
the related Operating Procedures of Euroclear and applicable Belgian law
(collectively, the "Terms and Conditions"). The Terms and Conditions govern
transfers of securities and cash within Euroclear, withdrawals of securities and
cash from Euroclear and receipts of payments with respect to securities in
Euroclear. All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis without
attribution of specific certificates to specific securities clearance accounts.
The Euroclear Operator acts under the Terms and Conditions only on behalf of
Euroclear Participants, and has no record of or relationship with persons
holding through Euroclear Participants.
Distributions with respect to Certificates held through CEDEL or Euroclear
will be credited to the cash accounts of CEDEL Participants or Euroclear
Participants in accordance with the relevant systems' rules and procedures, to
the extent received by its Depositary. Such distributions will be subject to tax
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reporting in accordance with relevant United States tax laws and
regulations. See "Federal Income Tax Consequences."
CEDEL or the Euroclear Operator, as the case may be, will take any other
action permitted to be taken by a Certificateholder under the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or the relevant Supplement on behalf of a CEDEL Participant
or Euroclear Participant only in accordance with its relevant rules and
procedures and subject to its Depositary's ability to effect such actions on its
behalf through DTC.
CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE PRIMARY ASSETS
The following discussion contains summaries of certain legal aspects of
mortgage loans and manufactured housing contracts that are general in nature.
Because such legal aspects are governed in part by applicable state laws (which
laws may differ substantially from one another), the summaries do not purport to
be complete nor to reflect the laws of any particular state nor to encompass the
laws of all states in which the Single Family Loans and Contracts may be
situated. The summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the
applicable federal and state laws governing the Single Family Loans and
Contracts.
Single Family Loans
The Single Family Loans will be secured by either deeds of trust or
mortgages, depending upon the prevailing practice in the state in which the
Mortgaged Property subject to a Single Family Loan is located. A mortgage
conveys legal title to or creates a lien upon the property to the mortgagee
subject to a condition subsequent, i.e., the payment of the indebtedness secured
thereby. There are two parties to a mortgage, the mortgagor, who is the borrower
and homeowner, and the mortgagee, who is the lender. Under the mortgage
instrument, the mortgagor delivers to the mortgagee a note or bond and the
mortgage. Although a deed of trust is similar to a mortgage, a deed of trust has
three parties, the borrower-homeowner called the trustor (similar to a
mortgagor), a lender called the beneficiary (similar to a mortgagee), and a
third-party grantee called the trustee. Under a deed of trust, the borrower
grants the property, irrevocably until the debt is paid, in trust, generally
with a power of sale, to the trustee to secure payment of the obligation. The
trustee's authority under a deed of trust and the mortgagee's authority under a
mortgage are governed by law, the express provisions of the deed of trust or
mortgage, and, in some cases, the directions of the beneficiary. Some states use
a security deed or deed to secure debt which is similar to a deed of trust
except that it has only two parties: a grantor (similar to a mortgagor) and a
grantee (similar to a mortgagee). Mortgages, deeds of trust and deeds to secure
debt are not prior to liens for real estate taxes and assessments and other
charges imposed under governmental police powers. Priority between mortgages,
deeds of trust and deeds to secure debt and other encumbrances depends on their
terms in some cases and generally on the order of recordation of the mortgage,
deed of trust or the deed to secure debt in the appropriate recording office.
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, Primary Assets may
include loans on units in cooperatives ("Cooperative Loans"). Cooperative Loans
are evidenced by notes secured by security interests in shares issued by
cooperatives, which are corporations entitled to be treated as housing
cooperatives under federal tax law, and in the related proprietary leases or
occupancy agreements granting rights to occupy specific dwelling units within
the cooperative buildings. The security agreement will create a lien upon or
grant a title interest in the property which it covers, the priority of which
lien will depend on the terms of the agreement and the order of recordation in
the appropriate recording office. Ownership of a unit in a cooperative is held
through the ownership of stock in the corporation, together with the related
proprietary lease or occupancy agreement. Such ownership interest is generally
financed through a cooperative share loan evidenced by a promissory note and
secured by an assignment of and a
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security interest in the proprietary lease or occupancy agreement and a security
interest in the related cooperative shares.
Each cooperative owns in fee or has a leasehold interest in the real
property and improvements, including all separate dwelling units therein. The
cooperative is responsible for property management and generally for the payment
of real estate taxes, insurance and similar charges, the cost of which is shared
by the owners. The cooperative building or underlying land may be subject to one
or more mortgages (generally incurred in connection with the construction or
purchase of the building) for which the cooperative is responsible. The interest
of an occupant under proprietary leases or occupancy agreements is generally
subordinate to that of the holder of such a mortgage or land lease. If the
cooperative is unable to meet the payment obligations under such mortgage or any
land lease, the holder of such mortgage or land lease could foreclose the
mortgage or terminate the land lease, which may have the effect of terminating
all proprietary leases or occupancy agreements. In the event of such foreclosure
or termination, the value of any collateral held by a lender which financed the
purchase by a tenant/shareholder of cooperative shares or, in the case of the
Primary Assets, the collateral securing the Cooperative Loans could be
eliminated or significantly reduced.
Foreclosure of Single Family Loans
Foreclosure of a mortgage is generally accomplished by judicial action.
The action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all parties
having an interest in the real property. Delays in completion of the foreclosure
may occasionally result from difficulties in locating necessary parties
defendant. Although judicial foreclosure proceedings are often not contested by
any of the parties defendant, any activity by any one defendant may materially
delay completion of a foreclosure.
Foreclosure of a deed of trust or a security deed is generally
accomplished by a non-judicial trustee's sale under a specific provision in the
deed of trust or security deed which authorizes the sale of the property to a
third party upon any default by the borrower under the terms of the note, deed
of trust or security deed. In some states, the trustee must record a notice of
default and send a copy to the borrower-trustor and to any person who has
recorded a request for a copy of a notice of default and notice of sale. In
addition, the trustee must provide notice in some states to any other individual
having an interest in the real property, including any junior lienholders. The
borrower, or any other person having a junior encumbrance on the real estate,
may, during a specified period, cure the default by paying the entire amount in
arrears plus the costs and expenses incurred in enforcing the obligations.
Generally, state laws require that a copy of the notice of sale be posted on the
property and sent to all parties having an interest in the real property.
In case of foreclosure under either a mortgage or a deed of trust, the
sale by the referee or other designated officer or by the trustee is often a
public sale. Because of the difficulty a potential buyer at the sale would have
in determining the exact status of title and because the physical condition of
the property subject to the lien of the mortgage or the deed of trust may have
deteriorated during the foreclosure proceedings, a third party may be unwilling
to purchase the property at a foreclosure sale. Potential buyers may further
question the prudence of purchasing property at a foreclosure sale as a result
of several court decisions permitting such a sale to be rescinded as a
fraudulent conveyance, including the 1980 decision of the United States Court of
Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Durrett v. Washington National Insurance
Company. The court in Durrett held that even a non-collusive, regularly
conducted foreclosure sale was a fraudulent transfer under section 67d of the
former Bankruptcy Act (which is analogous to section 548 of the current United
States Bankruptcy Code) and, therefore, could be rescinded in favor of the
bankrupt's estate, if (i) the foreclosure sale was held while the debtor was
insolvent and not more than one year prior to the filing of the bankruptcy
petition, and (ii) the price paid for the foreclosed property did not represent
"fair consideration" (which is analogous to "reasonably equivalent value" under
the United States Bankruptcy Code). However, on May 23, 1994, Durrett was
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effectively overruled by the United States Supreme Court in BFP v. Resolution
Trust Corporation, as Receiver for Imperial Federal Savings and Loan
Association, et al., in which the Court held, in relevant part, "that
'reasonable equivalent value', for the foreclosed property, is the price in fact
received at foreclosure sale, so long as all the requirements of the State's
foreclosure law have been complied with."
For these reasons, it is common for the lender to purchase the property
from the trustee or referee for an amount equal to some or all of the principal
amount of the indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of trust, accrued and
unpaid interest and the expenses of foreclosure. The lender thereby assumes the
burdens of ownership, including the obligation to pay taxes, obtain casualty
insurance and to make such repairs at its own expense as are necessary to render
the property suitable for sale. In some states there is a statutory minimum
purchase price which the lender may offer for the property. The lender will
commonly obtain the services of a real estate broker and pay the broker's
commission in connection with the sale of the property. Depending upon market
conditions, the ultimate proceeds from the sale of the property may be
substantially less than the loan balance.
A second mortgagee may not foreclose on the property securing a second
mortgage unless it forecloses subject to the first mortgage, in which case it
must either pay the entire amount due on the first mortgage to the first
mortgagee prior to or at the time of the foreclosure sale or undertake the
obligation to make payments on the first mortgage in the event the mortgagor is
in default thereunder, in either event adding the amounts expended to the
balance due on the second loan, and may be subrogated to the rights of the first
mortgagee. In addition, in the event that the foreclosure of a second mortgage
triggers the enforcement of a "due-on-sale" clause, the second mortgagee may be
required to pay the full amount of the first mortgage to the first mortgagee.
Accordingly, with respect to those Single Family Loans which are second mortgage
loans, if the lender purchases the property, the lender's title will be subject
to all senior liens and claims and certain governmental liens.
The proceeds received by the referee or trustee from the sale generally
are applied first to the costs, fees and expenses of sale and then in
satisfaction of the indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of trust under
which the sale was conducted. Any remaining proceeds are generally payable to
the holders of junior mortgages or deeds or trust and other liens and claims in
order of their priority, whether or not the borrower is in default. Any
additional proceeds are generally payable to the mortgagor or trustor. The
payment of the proceeds to the holders of junior mortgages may occur in the
foreclosure action of the senior mortgagee or may require the institution of
separate legal proceedings.
Under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (and the REMIC Provisions of the
Code), the Master Servicer may hire an independent contractor to operate any REO
Property. The costs of such operation may be significantly greater than the cost
of direct operation by the Master Servicer.
Some states impose prohibitions or limitations on remedies available to
the mortgagee, including the right to recover the debt from the mortgagor. See
"--Anti-Deficiency Legislation and Other Limitations on Lenders" herein.
Junior Mortgages
Some of the Single Family Loans may be secured by second or more junior
mortgages or deeds of trust, which are subordinate to first or more senior
mortgages or deeds of trust held by other lenders. The rights of the holders, as
the holders of a junior deed of trust or a junior mortgage, are subordinate in
lien and in payment to those of the holder of the senior mortgage or deed of
trust, including the prior rights of the senior mortgagee or beneficiary to
receive and apply hazard insurance and condemnation proceeds and, upon default
of the mortgagor, to cause a foreclosure on the property. Upon completion of the
foreclosure proceedings by the holder of the senior mortgage, the junior
mortgagee's or junior beneficiary's lien will be extinguished unless the junior
mortgagee satisfies the defaulted senior loan or
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asserts its subordinate interest in a property in foreclosure
proceedings. See "--Foreclosure of Single Family Loans" herein.
Furthermore, the terms of the second or more junior mortgage or deed of
trust are subordinate to the terms of the first or senior mortgage or deed of
trust. In the event of a conflict between the terms of the senior mortgage or
deed of trust and the junior mortgage or deed of trust, the terms of the senior
mortgage or deed of trust will govern generally. Upon a failure of the mortgagor
or trustor to perform any of its obligations, the senior mortgagee or
beneficiary, subject to the terms of the senior mortgage or deed of trust, may
have the right to perform the obligation itself. Generally, all sums so expended
by the mortgagee or beneficiary become part of the indebtedness secured by the
mortgage or deed of trust. To the extent a senior mortgagee expends such sums,
such sums will generally have priority over all sums due under the junior
mortgage. See "Risk Factors--Nature of Security" for a further discussion of
certain risks associated with junior mortgage loans.
Rights of Redemption
In some states, after sale pursuant to a deed of trust or foreclosure of a
mortgage, the borrower and foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory
period in which to redeem the property from the foreclosure sale. In some
states, redemption may occur only upon payment of the entire principal balance
of the loan, accrued interest and expenses of foreclosure. In other states,
redemption may be authorized if the former borrower pays only a portion of the
sums due. The effect of a statutory right of redemption is to diminish the
ability of the lender to sell the foreclosed property. The rights of redemption
would defeat the title of any purchaser from the lender subsequent to
foreclosure or sale under a deed of trust. Consequently, the practical effect of
the redemption right is to force the lender to retain the property and pay the
expenses of ownership until the redemption period has expired.
Anti-Deficiency Legislation and Other Limitations on Lenders
Certain states have imposed statutory prohibitions which limit the
remedies of a beneficiary under a deed of trust or a mortgagee under a mortgage.
In some states, statutes limit the right of the beneficiary or mortgagee to
obtain a deficiency judgment against the borrower following foreclosure or sale
under a deed of trust. A deficiency judgment would be a personal judgment
against the former borrower equal in most cases to the difference between the
net amount realized upon the public sale of the real property and the amount due
to the lender. Other statutes require the beneficiary or mortgagee to exhaust
the security afforded under a deed of trust or mortgage by foreclosure in an
attempt to satisfy the full debt before bringing a personal action against the
borrower. Finally, other statutory provisions limit any deficiency judgment
against the former borrower following a judicial sale to the excess of the
outstanding debt over the fair market value of the property at the time of the
public sale. The purpose of these statutes is generally to prevent a beneficiary
or a mortgagee from obtaining a large deficiency judgment against the former
borrower as a result of low or no bids at the judicial sale.
In addition to laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency judgments, numerous
other statutory provisions, including the federal bankruptcy laws and state laws
affording relief to debtors, may interfere with or affect the ability of the
secured mortgage lender to realize upon collateral and/or enforce a deficiency
judgment. For example, with respect to federal bankruptcy law, a court with
federal bankruptcy jurisdiction may permit a debtor through a Chapter 11 or
Chapter 13 plan to cure a monetary default in respect of a mortgage loan on a
debtor's residence by paying arrearages within a reasonable time period and
reinstating the original mortgage loan payment schedule even though the lender
accelerated the mortgage loan and final judgment of foreclosure had been entered
in state court provided no sale of the residence had yet occurred prior to the
filing of the debtor's petition. Some courts with federal bankruptcy
jurisdiction have approved plans, based on the particular facts of the
reorganization case, that effected the curing of a mortgage loan default by
paying arrearages over a number of years.
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Also, if the last payment on the original payment schedule for a loan secured
only by a security interest in real property that is the debtor's principal
residence is due before the date on which the final payment on a Chapter 13 plan
is due, the Chapter 13 plan may provide for the payment of the claim as modified
pursuant to the Chapter 13 plan. If a Chapter 13 plan proposes to cure a
default, the amount necessary to cure the default is determined in accordance
with the underlying agreement and applicable nonbankruptcy law.
Courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have also indicated that the
terms of a mortgage loan secured by property of the debtor may be modified.
These courts have allowed modifications that include reducing the amount of each
monthly payment, changing the rate of interest, altering the repayment schedule,
forgiving all or a portion of the debt and reducing the lender's security
interest to the value of the residence, thus leaving the lender a general
unsecured creditor for the difference between the value of the residence and the
outstanding balance of the loan. Generally, however, the terms of a mortgage
loan secured only by a mortgage on real property that is the debtor's principal
residence may not be modified pursuant to a plan confirmed pursuant to Chapter
13 except with respect to mortgage payment arrearages, which may be cured within
a reasonable time period.
Courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have also approved full or
partial surrender of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the debt
based on appraisal evidence that may or may not reflect the amount ultimately
received from a sale of the collateral. Courts with federal bankruptcy
jurisdiction have also approved full or partial substitution of new collateral
for the existing collateral, including but not limited to stock and partnership
interests, based on appraisal evidence that may or may not reflect the amount
ultimately received from a sale of the substitute collateral.
The United States Bankruptcy Code provides priority to certain tax liens
over the lien of a mortgage. In addition, substantive requirements are imposed
upon mortgage lenders in connection with the origination and the servicing of
mortgage loans by numerous federal and some state consumer protection laws.
These laws include the federal Truth-in-Lending Act, Real Estate Settlement
Procedures Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Credit Billing Act, Fair
Credit Reporting Act, and related statutes. These federal laws impose specific
statutory liabilities upon lenders who originate mortgage loans and who fail to
comply with the provisions of the applicable laws. In some cases, this liability
may affect assignees of the Primary Assets.
Enforceability of Certain Provisions
The Primary Assets will generally include a debt-acceleration clause,
which permits the lender to accelerate the debt upon a monetary default of the
borrower, after the applicable cure period. The courts of all states will
enforce clauses providing for acceleration in the event of a material payment
default. However, courts of any state, exercising equity jurisdiction, may
refuse to allow a lender to foreclose a mortgage or deed of trust when an
acceleration of the indebtedness would be inequitable or unjust and the
circumstances would render the acceleration unconscionable.
Some courts have imposed general equitable principles to limit the
remedies available in connection with foreclosure. These equitable principles
are generally designed to relieve the borrower from the legal effect of his
defaults under the loan documents. For example, some courts have required that
the lender undertake affirmative and expensive actions to determine the causes
for the borrower's default and the likelihood that the borrower will be able to
reinstate the loan. In some cases, courts have substituted their judgment for
the lenders' judgment and have required that lenders reinstate loans or recast
payment schedules in order to accommodate borrowers who are suffering from
temporary financial disability. In other cases, courts have limited the right of
the lenders to foreclose if the default under the mortgage instrument or deed of
trust is not monetary, such as the borrower's failure to maintain adequately the
property or the borrower's execution of a second mortgage or deed of trust
affecting the
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property. Finally, some courts have been willing to relieve a borrower from the
consequences of the default if the borrower has not received adequate notice of
the default.
The Primary Assets will generally contain due-on-sale clauses, which
permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the Primary Asset if the
borrower sells, transfers, or conveys the related Mortgaged Property. The
enforceability of these clauses has been the subject of legislation or
litigation in many states. Some jurisdictions automatically enforce such
clauses, while others require a showing of reasonableness and hold, on a
case-by-case basis, that a "due-on-sale" clause may be invoked only where a sale
threatens the legitimate security interests of the lender.
The Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 purports to
preempt state laws which prohibit the enforcement of "due-on-sale" provisions in
certain loans made after October 15, 1982. The Master Servicer may thus be able
to accelerate the Primary Assets that were originated after that date and
contain a "due-on-sale" provision, upon transfer of an interest in the related
Mortgaged Property, regardless of its ability to demonstrate that a sale
threatens its legitimate security interest. Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement
will provide that the Master Servicer, on behalf of the Trustee, will enforce
any right of the Trustee as the mortgagee of record to accelerate a Mortgage
Loan in the event of a sale or other transfer of the related Mortgaged Property
unless, in the Master Servicer's reasonable judgment, doing so would materially
increase the risk of default or delinquency on, or materially impair the
security for, such Primary Asset.
Applicability of Certain Regulatory Requirements
Title V of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control
Act of 1980, enacted in March, 1980 ("Title V"), provides that state usury
limitations shall not apply to certain types of residential first mortgage loans
originated by certain lenders after March 31, 1980. A similar federal statute
was in effect with respect to mortgage loans made during the first three months
of 1980. The statute authorized any state to reimpose interest rate limits by
adopting, before April 1, 1983, a law or constitutional provision which
expressly rejects application of the federal law. In addition, even where Title
V is not so rejected, any state is authorized by the law to adopt a provision
limiting discount points or other charges on mortgage loans covered by Title V.
Certain states have taken action to reimpose interest rate limits and/or to
limit discount points or other charges.
Applicable state laws generally regulate interest rates and other charges,
require certain disclosures and, unless an exemption is available, require
certain disclosures and, unless an exemption is available, require licensing of
the originators of certain Primary Assets. In addition, most states have other
laws, public policies and general principles of equity relating to the
protection of consumers, unfair and deceptive practices and practices which may
apply to the origination, servicing and collection of the Primary Assets.
The Primary Assets are also subject to federal laws, including, without
limitation: (i) the Federal Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated
thereunder, which require certain disclosures to the Mortgagors regarding the
terms of the Primary Assets; (ii) the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and
Regulation B promulgated thereunder, which prohibit discrimination on the basis
of age, race, color, sex, religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of
public assistance or the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit
Protection Act, in the extension of credit; (iii) the Fair Credit Reporting Act,
which regulates the use and reporting of information related to the Mortgagor's
credit experience; (iv) the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, which
regulates closing and servicing practices relating to first mortgage loans for
one- to four-family residential properties; and (v) certain other laws and
regulations.
Certain of the Primary Assets may be subject to the Riegle Community
Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 (the "Riegle Act"), which
incorporates the Home Ownership and
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Equity Protection Act of 1994. These provisions impose additional disclosure and
other requirements on creditors with respect of non-purchase money mortgage
loans with high interest rates or high up-front fees and charges. The provisions
of the Riegle Act apply on a mandatory basis to all mortgage loans originated on
or after October 1, 1995. These provisions can impose specific statutory
liabilities upon creditors who fail to comply with their provisions and may
affect the enforceability of the related mortgage loans. In addition, any
assignee of the creditor would generally be subject to all claims and defenses
that the consumer could assert against the creditor, including, without
limitation, the right to rescind the mortgage loan.
The application of State and Federal consumer protection laws to
particular circumstances is not always certain and in some cases courts and
regulatory authorities have shown a willingness to adopt novel interpretations
of these laws. Depending on the provisions of the applicable law and the
specific facts and circumstances involved, violations of these laws, policies
and principles may limit the ability of an assignee (including a Trust) to
collect all or part of the principal of or interest on the Primary Assets, may
entitle the Mortgagor to a refund of amounts previously paid and, in addition,
could subject the assignee to damages and administrative sanctions. In some
instances, particularly in actions involving fraud or deceptive practices,
damage awards have been large. If a Trust were obligated to pay any such
damages, its assets would be reduced, resulting in a possible loss to
Certificateholders.
The Seller will represent and warrant in the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement that each related Primary Asset was originated in compliance with
applicable state law in all material respects.
Environmental Legislation
Certain states impose a statutory lien for associated costs on property
that is the subject of a cleanup action by the state on account of hazardous
wastes or hazardous substances released or disposed of on the property. Such a
lien will generally have priority over all subsequent liens on the property and,
in certain of these states, will have priority over prior recorded liens
including the lien of a mortgage. In addition, under federal environmental
legislation and possibly under state law in a number of states, a secured party
which takes a deed in lieu of foreclosure, acquires a mortgaged property at a
foreclosure sale or which has been involved in decisions which may lead to
contamination of a property, may be liable for the costs of cleaning up a
contaminated site. Although such costs could be substantial, it is unclear
whether they would be imposed on a secured lender (such as the related Trust).
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires that the Master Servicer, in making
a determination to foreclose on or otherwise acquire a Mortgaged Property, take
into account (and the Master Servicer is not required to foreclose or otherwise
acquire a Mortgaged Property in the case of) the existence of hazardous wastes
or hazardous substances on such Mortgaged Property. If title to a Mortgaged
Property securing a Primary Asset is acquired by a Trust and cleanup costs are
incurred in respect of the Mortgaged Property, the holders of the Certificates
might incur a loss if such costs were required to be paid by the Trust and
sufficient funds were not available from any Reserve Account, Spread Account or
similar account or from collections on the Primary Assets.
Forfeitures in Drug and RICO Proceedings
Federal law provides that property owned by persons convicted of
drug-related crimes or of criminal violations of the Racketeer Influenced and
Corrupt Organizations ("RICO") statute can be seized by the government if the
property was used in, or purchased with the proceeds of, such crimes. Under
procedures contained in the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984, the
government may seize the property even before conviction. The government must
publish notice of the forfeiture proceeding and may give notice to all parties
"known to have an alleged interest in the property," including the holders of
mortgage loans.
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A lender may avoid forfeiture of its interest in the property if it
establishes that (i) its mortgage was executed and recorded before commission of
the crime upon which the forfeiture is based, or (ii) the lender was, at the
time of execution of the mortgage, "reasonably without cause to believe" that
the property was used in, or purchased with the proceeds of, illegal drug or
RICO activities.
The Contracts
General. As a result of the Depositor's assignment of the Contracts to the
Trustee, the holders of Certificates will succeed collectively to all the rights
(including the right to receive payment on the Contracts) and will assume
certain obligations of the Depositor. Each Contract evidences both (a) the
obligation of the obligor to repay the loan evidenced thereby, and (b) the grant
of a security interest in the Manufactured Home to secure repayment of such
loan. Certain aspects of both features of the Contracts are described more fully
below.
The Contracts generally are "chattel paper" as defined in the UCC in
effect in the states in which the Manufactured Homes initially were registered.
Pursuant to the UCC, the sale of chattel paper is treated in a manner similar to
perfection of a security interest in chattel paper. Under the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, the Depositor will transfer physical possession of the
Contracts to the Trustee or its custodians. In addition, the Depositor will
cause to be made an appropriate filing of a UCC-1 financing statement in the
appropriate states to give notice of the Trustee's ownership of the Contracts.
Security Interests in the Manufactured Homes. The Manufactured Homes
securing the Contracts may be located in all 50 states. Security interests in
manufactured homes may be perfected either by notation of the secured party's
lien on the certificate of title or by delivery of the required documents and
payment of a fee to the state motor vehicle authority, depending on state law.
In some nontitle states, perfection pursuant to the provisions of the UCC is
required. The Depositor may effect such notation or delivery of the required
documents and fees, and obtain possession of the certificate of title, as
appropriate under the laws of the state in which any Manufactured Home securing
a Contract is registered. In the event the Depositor fails, due to clerical
errors, to effect such notation or delivery, or files the security interest
under the wrong law (for example, under a motor vehicle title statute rather
than under the UCC, in a few states), the Trustee may not have a first priority
security interest in the Manufactured Home securing a Contract. As manufactured
homes have become larger and often have been attached to their sites without any
apparent intention to move them, courts in many states have held that
manufactured homes, under certain circumstances, may become subject to real
estate title and recording laws. As a result, a security interest in a
manufactured home could be rendered subordinate to the interests of other
parties claiming an interest in the manufactured home under applicable state
real estate law. In order to perfect a security interest in a manufactured home
under real estate law, the holder of the security interest must file either a
"fixture filing" under the provisions of the UCC or a real estate mortgage under
the real estate laws of the state where the manufactured home is located. These
filings must be made in the real estate records office of the county where the
manufactured home is located. So long as the Mortgagor does not violate this
agreement, a security interest in the Manufactured Home will be governed by the
certificate of title laws or the UCC, and the notation of the security interest
on the certificate of title or the filing of a UCC financing statement will be
effective to maintain the priority of the security interest in the Manufactured
Home. If, however, a Manufactured Home is permanently attached to a site, other
parties could obtain an interest in the Manufactured Home which is prior to the
security interest transferred to the Trustee. With respect to a Series of
Certificates and as described in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Depositor may be required to perfect a security interest in the Manufactured
Home under applicable real estate laws. If such real estate filings are not
required and if any of the foregoing events were to occur, the only recourse
would be to pursue the Trust's rights to require the Seller to repurchase for
breach of warranties.
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The Depositor will assign its security interest in the Manufactured Homes
to the Trustee. Neither the Depositor nor the Trustee will amend the
certificates of title to identify the Trust as the new secured party.
Accordingly, the Depositor will continue to be named as the secured party on the
certificates of title relating to the Manufactured Homes. In most states, such
assignment is an effective conveyance of such security interest without
amendment of any lien noted on the related certificate of title and the new
secured party succeeds to the Depositor's rights as the secured party. However,
in some states there exists a risk that, in the absence of an amendment to the
certificate of title, such assignment of the security interest might not be held
effective against creditors of the Depositor.
In the absence of fraud, forgery or permanent affixation of the
Manufactured Home to its site by the Manufactured Home owner, or administrative
error by state recording officials, the notation of the lien of the Depositor on
the certificate of title or delivery of the required documents and fees will be
sufficient to protect the Trust against the rights of subsequent purchasers of a
Manufactured Home or subsequent lenders who take a security interest in the
Manufactured Home. If there are any Manufactured Homes as to which the security
interest is not perfected, such security interest would be subordinate to, among
others, subsequent purchasers for value of Manufactured Homes and holders of
perfected security interests. There also exists a risk in not identifying the
Trust as the new secured party on the certificate of title that, through fraud
or negligence, the security interest of the Trust could be released.
Enforcement of Security Interests in Manufactured Homes. The Master
Servicer on behalf of the Trustee, to the extent required by the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, may take action to enforce the Trustee's security
interest with respect to Contracts in default by repossession and resale of the
Manufactured Homes securing such Contracts in default. So long as the
Manufactured Home has not become subject to the real estate law, a creditor can
repossess a Manufactured Home securing a Contract by voluntary surrender, by
"self-help" repossession that is "peaceful" (i.e., without breach of the peace)
or in the absence of voluntary surrender and the ability to repossess without
breach of the peace, by judicial process. The holder of a Contract must give the
debtor a certain number of days' notice, which varies from 10 to 30 days
depending on the state, prior to commencement of any repossession. The UCC and
consumer protection laws in most states place restrictions on repossession
sales, including requiring prior notice to the debtor and commercial
reasonableness in effecting such a sale. The law in most states also requires
that the debtor be given notice of any sale prior to resale of the unit so that
the debtor may redeem at or before such resale. In the event of such
repossession and resale of a Manufactured Home, the Trustee would be entitled to
be paid out of the sale proceeds before such proceeds could be applied to the
payment of the claims of unsecured creditors or the holders of subsequently
perfected security interests or, thereafter, to the debtor.
If the owner of a Manufactured Home moves it to a state other than the
state in which such Manufactured Home initially is registered, under the laws of
most states the perfected security interest in the Manufactured Home would
continue for four months after such relocation and thereafter only if and after
the owner registers the Manufactured Home in such state. If the owner were to
relocate a Manufactured Home to another state and not re-register the
Manufactured Home in such state, and if steps are not taken to re-perfect the
Trustee's security interest in such state, the security interest in the
Manufactured Home would cease to be perfected. A majority of states generally
require surrender of a certificate of title to re-register a Manufactured Home;
accordingly, the Trustee must surrender possession if it holds the certificate
of title to such Manufactured Home, or, in the case of a Manufactured Home
registered in a state which provides for notation of lien, the Trustee would
receive notice of surrender if the security interest in the Manufactured Home is
noted on the certificate of title. Accordingly, the Trustee would have the
opportunity to re-perfect its security interest in the Manufactured Home in the
state of relocation. In states which do not require a certificate of title for
registration of a Manufactured Home, re-registration could defeat perfection. In
the ordinary course of servicing the Contracts, the Master Servicer will be
required to take steps to effect such re-perfection upon receipt of notice of
reregistration or information from the obligor as to relocation. Similarly, when
an obligor under a
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Contract sells a Manufactured Home, the Trustee must surrender possession of the
certificate of title and accordingly will have an opportunity to require
satisfaction of the related Contract before release of the lien. Under each
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Master Servicer is obligated to take such
steps, at the Master Servicer's expense, as are necessary to maintain perfection
of security interests in the Manufactured Homes.
Under the laws of most states, liens for repairs performed on a
Manufactured Home take priority even over a perfected security interest. The
Seller will represent in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement that there
are no such liens with respect to any Manufactured Home securing payment on any
Contract. However, such liens could arise at any time during the term of a
Contract. No notice will be given to the Trustee in the event such a lien
arises.
Under the laws of most states, a creditor is entitled to obtain a
deficiency judgment from a debtor for any deficiency on repossession and resale
of the manufactured home securing such debtor's loan. However, some states
impose prohibitions or limitations on deficiency judgments.
Certain other statutory provisions, including federal and state bankruptcy
and insolvency laws and general equitable principles, may limit or delay the
ability of a lender to repossess and resell collateral or enforce a deficiency
judgment.
Consumer Protection Laws. Numerous federal and state consumer protection
laws impose requirements applicable to the origination of and lending pursuant
to the Contracts, including the Truth-in-Lending Act, the Federal Trade
Commission Act, the Fair Credit Billing Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the
Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and the
Uniform Consumer Credit Code. In the case of some of these laws, the failure to
comply with their provisions may affect the enforceability of the related
Contract.
Transfer of Manufactured Homes; Enforceability of "Due-on-Sale" Clauses.
The Contracts, in general, prohibit the sale or transfer of the related
Manufactured Homes without the consent of the lender and permit the acceleration
of the maturity of the Contracts by the lender upon any such sale or transfer
for which consent has not been granted. In certain cases, the transfer may be
made by a delinquent obligor in order to avoid a repossession proceeding with
respect to a Manufactured Home.
In the case of a transfer of a Manufactured Home after which the Master
Servicer desires to accelerate the maturity of the related Contract, the Master
Servicer's ability to do so will depend on the enforceability under state law of
the "due-on-sale" clause. The Garn-St. Germain Act preempts, subject to certain
exceptions and conditions, state laws prohibiting enforcement of "due-on-sale"
clauses applicable to the Manufactured Homes.
LEGAL INVESTMENT MATTERS
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, no Class
of Certificates will constitute "mortgage related securities" for purposes of
the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984 ("SMMEA") because, among
other things, the related Trust will include Primary Assets that are secured by
second mortgages. Investors should consult their own legal advisors in
determining whether and to what extent a Class of Certificates constitutes legal
investments for such investors.
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FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
General
The following is a summary of the anticipated material federal income tax
consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Certificates
offered hereunder. This discussion is directed solely to Certificateholders that
hold the Certificates as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code") and does not purport to discuss
all federal income tax consequences that may be applicable to particular
categories of investors, some of which (such as banks, insurance companies and
foreign investors) may be subject to special rules. Further, the authorities on
which this discussion, and the opinion referred to below, are based are subject
to change or differing interpretations, which could apply retroactively.
Taxpayers and preparers of tax returns (including those filed by any REMIC or
other issuer) should be aware that under applicable Treasury regulations a
provider of advice on specific issues of law is not considered an income tax
return preparer unless the advice (i) is given with respect to events that have
occurred at the time the advice is rendered and is not given with respect to the
consequences of contemplated actions, and (ii) is directly relevant to the
determination of an entry on a tax return. Accordingly, taxpayers should consult
their own tax advisors and tax return preparers regarding the preparation of any
item on a tax return, even where the anticipated tax treatment has been
discussed herein. In addition to the federal income tax consequences described
herein, potential investors should consider the state and local tax
consequences, if any, of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the
Certificates. See "State and Other Tax Consequences." Certificateholders are
advised to consult their own tax advisors concerning the federal, state, local
or other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of
the Certificates offered hereunder. References herein to "Tax Counsel" shall
mean Morrison & Hecker L.L.P.
The following discussion addresses securities ("REMIC Certificates")
representing interests in a Trust, or a portion thereof, which the Trustee will
covenant to elect to have treated as a REMIC under Sections 860A through 860G
(the "REMIC Provisions") of the Code. The Prospectus Supplement for each series
of Certificates will indicate whether a REMIC election (or elections) will be
made for the related Trust and, if such an election is to be made, will identify
all "regular interests" and "residual interests" in the REMIC. For purposes of
this tax discussion, references to a "Certificateholder" or a "holder" are to
the beneficial owner of a Certificate.
The following discussion is based in part upon the rules governing
original issue discount that are set forth in Sections 1271-1273 and 1275 of the
Code and in the Treasury regulations issued thereunder (the "OID Regulations"),
and in part upon the REMIC Provisions and the Treasury regulations issued
thereunder (the "REMIC Regulations"). The OID Regulations, which are effective
with respect to debt instruments issued on or after April 4, 1994, do not
adequately address certain issues relevant to, and in some instances provide
that they are not applicable to, securities such as the Certificates. REMICS
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Classification of REMICs
The special tax counsel to the Depositor identified in the related
Prospectus Supplement ("Tax Counsel") shall file with the Commission on the
related Form 8-K prior to the Closing Date for each Series an opinion with
respect to the validity of the information set forth under "Federal Income Tax
Consequences" herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. In the opinion of
Tax Counsel, assuming compliance with all provisions of the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, the related Trust (or each applicable portion thereof) will
qualify as a REMIC and the REMIC Certificates offered with respect thereto will
be considered to evidence ownership of "regular interests" ("REMIC Regular
Certificates") or "residual interests" ("REMIC Residual Certificates") in that
REMIC within the meaning of the REMIC Provisions.
If an entity electing to be treated as a REMIC fails to comply with one or
more of the ongoing requirements of the Code for such status during any taxable
year, the Code provides that the entity will not be treated as a REMIC for such
year and thereafter. In that event, such entity may be taxable as a separate
corporation under Treasury regulations, and the related REMIC Certificates may
not be accorded the status or given the tax treatment described below. Although
the Code authorizes the Treasury Department to issue regulations providing
relief in the event of an inadvertent termination of REMIC status, no such
regulations have been issued. Any such relief, moreover, may be accompanied by
sanctions, such as the imposition of a corporate tax on all or a portion of the
Trust's income for the period in which the requirements for such status are not
satisfied. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to each REMIC will
include provisions designed to maintain the Trust's status as a REMIC under the
REMIC Provisions. It is not anticipated that the status of any Trust as a REMIC
will be terminated.
Characterization of Investments in REMIC Certificates
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, the REMIC Certificates will be "real estate
assets" within the meaning of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code and assets
described in Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code in the same proportion that the
assets of the REMIC underlying such Certificates would be so treated. Moreover,
in the opinion of Tax Counsel, if 95% or more of the assets of the REMIC qualify
for any of the foregoing treatments at all times during a calendar year, the
REMIC Certificates will qualify for the corresponding status in their entirety
for that calendar year. Interest (including original issue discount) on the
REMIC Regular Certificates and income allocated to the class of REMIC Residual
Certificates will be interest described in Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code to
the extent that such Certificates are treated as "real estate assets" within the
meaning of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code. In addition, in the opinion of Tax
Counsel, the REMIC Regular Certificates will be "qualified mortgages" within the
meaning of Section 860G(a)(3)(C) of the Code if transferred to another REMIC on
its startup day in exchange for regular or residual interests therein. The
determination as to the percentage of the REMIC's assets that constitute assets
described in the foregoing sections of the Code will be made with respect to
each calendar quarter based on the average adjusted basis of each category of
the assets held by the REMIC during such calendar quarter. The Trustee will
report those determinations to Certificateholders in the manner and at the times
required by applicable Treasury regulations.
The assets of the REMIC will include, in addition to Primary Assets,
payments on Primary Assets held pending distribution on the REMIC Certificates
and property acquired by foreclosure held pending sale, and may include amounts
in reserve accounts. It is unclear whether property acquired by foreclosure held
pending sale and amounts in reserve accounts would be considered to be part of
the Primary Assets, or whether such assets (to the extent not invested in assets
described in the foregoing sections) otherwise would receive the same treatment
as the Primary Assets for purposes of all of the foregoing sections. In
addition, in some instances Primary Assets may not be treated entirely as assets
described in the foregoing sections. If so, the related Prospectus Supplement
will describe the Primary Assets that may not be so
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treated. The REMIC Regulations do provide, however, that payments on Primary
Assets held pending distribution are considered part of the Primary Assets for
purposes of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code.
Tiered REMIC Structures
For certain series of REMIC Certificates, two or more separate elections
may be made to treat designated portions of the related Trust as REMICs ("Tiered
REMICs") for federal income tax purposes. Upon the issuance of any such series
of REMIC Certificates, Tax Counsel will deliver their opinion to the effect
that, assuming compliance with all provisions of the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, the Tiered REMICs will each qualify as a REMIC and the
REMIC Certificates issued by the Tiered REMICs, respectively, will be considered
to evidence ownership of REMIC Regular Certificates or REMIC Residual
Certificates in the related REMIC within the meaning of the REMIC Provisions.
Solely for purposes of determining whether the REMIC Certificates will be
"real estate assets" within the meaning of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code, and
"loans secured by an interest in real property" under Section 7701 (a)(19)(C) of
the Code, and whether the income on such Certificates is interest described in
Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, the Tiered REMICs will be treated as one
REMIC.
Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates
General
Except as otherwise stated in this discussion, in the opinion of Tax
Counsel, REMIC Regular Certificates will be treated for federal income tax
purposes as debt instruments issued by the REMIC and not as ownership interests
in the REMIC or its assets. Moreover, holders of REMIC Regular Certificates that
otherwise report income under a cash method of accounting will be required to
report income with respect to REMIC Regular Certificates under an accrual
method.
Original Issue Discount
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, certain REMIC Regular Certificates may be
issued with "original issue discount" within the meaning of Section 1273(a) of
the Code. Any holders of REMIC Regular Certificates issued with original issue
discount generally will be required to include original issue discount in income
as it accrues, in accordance with the method described below, in advance of the
receipt of the cash attributable to such income. In addition, Section 1272(a)
(6) of the Code provides special rules applicable to REMIC Regular Certificates
and certain other debt instruments issued with original issue discount.
Regulations have not been issued under that section.
The Code requires that a prepayment assumption be used with respect to
Primary Assets held by a REMIC in computing the accrual of original issue
discount on REMIC Regular Certificates issued by that REMIC, and that
adjustments be made in the amount and rate of accrual of such discount to
reflect differences between the actual prepayment rate and the prepayment
assumption. The prepayment assumption is to be determined in a manner prescribed
in Treasury regulations; as noted above, those regulations have not been issued.
The Committee Report indicates that the regulations will provide that the
prepayment assumption used with respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate must be
the same as that used in pricing the initial offering of such REMIC Regular
Certificate. The prepayment assumption used by the Trustee in reporting original
issue discount for each series of REMIC Regular Certificates (the "Prepayment
Assumption") will be consistent with this standard and will be disclosed in the
related Prospectus Supplement. However, neither the Depositor, the Trustee nor
the Master Servicer will make any representation that the Primary Assets will in
fact prepay at a rate conforming to the Prepayment Assumption or at any other
rate.
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In the opinion of Tax Counsel, the original issue discount, if any, on a
REMIC Regular Certificate will be the excess of its stated redemption price at
maturity over its issue price. The issue price of a particular class of REMIC
Regular Certificates will be the first cash price at which a substantial amount
of REMIC Regular Certificates of that class is sold (excluding sales to bond
houses, brokers and underwriters). If less than a substantial amount of a
particular class of REMIC Regular Certificates is sold for cash on or prior to
the date of their initial issuance (the "Closing Date"), the issue price for
such class will be treated as the fair market value of such class on the Closing
Date. Under the OID Regulations, the stated redemption price of a REMIC Regular
Certificate is equal to the total of all payments to be made on such Certificate
other than "qualified stated interest." "Qualified stated interest" includes
interest that is unconditionally payable at least annually at a single fixed
rate, or in the case of a variable rate debt instrument, at a "qualified
floating rate," an "objective rate," a combination of a single fixed rate and
one or more "qualified floating rates" or one "qualified inverse floating rate,"
or a combination of "qualified floating rates" that generally does not operate
in a manner that accelerates or defers interest payments on such REMIC Regular
Certificate.
In the case of REMIC Regular Certificates bearing adjustable interest
rates, the determination of the total amount of original issue discount and the
timing of the inclusion thereof will vary according to the characteristics of
such REMIC Regular Certificates. Generally, an adjustable rate instrument that
is determined to have original issue discount is converted to a fixed rate
instrument for which a schedule of hypothetical accruals is determined. Original
issue discount on the adjustable rate instrument is accrued in accordance with
that schedule with adjustments in each period to account for the divergence of
the actual interest rate on the instrument from the interest rate for that
period assumed in the preparation of the hypothetical schedule.
In addition, if the accrued interest to be paid on the first Distribution
Date is computed with respect to a period that begins prior to the Closing Date,
a portion of the purchase price paid for a REMIC Regular Certificate will
reflect such accrued interest. In such cases, information returns to the
Certificateholders and the IRS will be based on the position that the portion of
the purchase price paid for the interest accrued with respect to periods prior
to the Closing Date is treated as part of the overall cost of such REMIC Regular
Certificate (and not as a separate asset the cost of which is recovered entirely
out of interest received on the next Distribution Date) and that portion of the
interest paid on the first Distribution Date in excess of interest accrued for a
number of days corresponding to the number of days from the Closing Date to the
first Distribution Date should be included in the stated redemption price of
such REMIC Regular Certificate. However, the OID Regulations state that all or
some portion of such accrued interest may be treated as a separate asset the
cost of which is recovered entirely out of interest paid on the first
Distribution Date. It is unclear how an election to do so would be made under
the OID Regulations and whether such an election could be made unilaterally by a
Certificateholder.
Notwithstanding the general definition of original issue discount, in the
opinion of Tax Counsel, original issue discount on a REMIC Regular Certificate
will be considered to be de minimis if it is less than 0.25% of the stated
redemption price of the REMIC Regular Certificate multiplied by its weighted
average life. For this purpose, the weighted average life of the REMIC Regular
Certificate is computed as the sum of the amounts determined, as to each payment
included in the stated redemption price of such REMIC Regular Certificate, by
multiplying (i) the number of complete years (rounding down for partial years)
from the issue date until such payment is expected to be made (presumably taking
into account the Prepayment Assumption) by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of
which is the amount of the payment, and the denominator of which is the stated
redemption price at maturity of such REMIC Regular Certificate. Under the OID
Regulations, original issue discount of only a de minimis amount (other than de
minimis original issue discount attributable to a so-called "teaser" interest
rate or an initial interest holiday) will be included in income as each payment
of stated principal is made, based on the product of the total amount of such de
minimis original issue discount and a fraction, the numerator of which is the
amount of such principal payment and the denominator of which is the outstanding
stated principal amount of the REMIC
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Regular Certificate. The OID Regulations also would permit a Certificateholder
to elect to accrue de minimis original issue discount into income currently
based on a constant yield method. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Market Discount" for a description of such election under the OID
Regulations.
If original issue discount on a REMIC Regular Certificate is in excess of
a de minimis amount, in the opinion of Tax Counsel, the holder of such
Certificate must include in ordinary gross income the sum of the "daily
portions" of original issue discount for each day during its taxable year on
which it held such REMIC Regular Certificate, including the purchase date but
excluding the disposition date. In the case of an original holder of a REMIC
Regular Certificate, the daily portions of original issue discount will be
determined as follows.
As to each "accrual period," that is, unless each period that ends on a
date that corresponds to a Distribution Date and begins on the first day
following the immediately preceding accrual period (or in the case of the first
such period, begins on the Closing Date), or such other "accrued period" as
defined in the related Prospectus Supplement, a calculation will be made of the
portion of the original issue discount that accrued during such accrual period.
The portion of original issue discount that accrues in any accrual period will
equal the excess, if any, of (i) the sum of (A) the present value, as of the end
of the accrual period, of all of the distributions remaining to be made on the
REMIC Regular Certificate, if any, in future periods and (B) the distributions
made on such REMIC Regular Certificate during the accrual period of amounts
included in the stated redemption price, over (ii) the adjusted issue price of
such REMIC Regular Certificate at the beginning of the accrual period. The
present value of the remaining distributions referred to in the preceding
sentence will be calculated (i) assuming that distributions on the REMIC Regular
Certificate will be received in future periods based on the Primary Assets being
prepaid at a rate equal to the Prepayment Assumption and (ii) using a discount
rate equal to the original yield to maturity of the Certificate. For these
purposes, the original yield to maturity of the Certificate will be calculated
based on its issue price and assuming that distributions on the Certificate will
be made in all accrual periods based on the Primary Assets being prepaid at a
rate equal to the Prepayment Assumption. The adjusted issue price of a REMIC
Regular Certificate at the beginning of any accrual period will equal the issue
price of such Certificate, increased by the aggregate amount of original issue
discount that accrued with respect to such Certificate in prior accrual periods,
and reduced by the amount of any distributions made on such REMIC Regular
Certificate in prior accrual periods of amounts included in its stated
redemption price. The original issue discount accruing during any accrual
period, computed as described above, will be allocated ratably to each day
during the accrual period to determine the daily portion of original issue
discount for such day.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, a subsequent purchaser of a REMIC Regular
Certificate that purchases such Certificate at a cost (excluding any portion of
such cost attributable to accrued qualified stated interest) less than its
remaining stated redemption price will also be required to include in gross
income the daily portions of any original issue discount with respect to such
Certificate. However, each such daily portion will be reduced, if such cost is
in excess of its "adjusted issue price," in proportion to the ratio such excess
bears to the aggregate original issue discount remaining to be accrued on such
REMIC Regular Certificate. The adjusted issue price of a REMIC Regular
Certificate on any given day equals the sum of (i) the adjusted issue price (or,
in the case of the first accrual period, the issue price) of such Certificate at
the beginning of the accrual period which includes such day and (ii) the daily
portions of original issue discount for all days during such accrual period
prior to such day.
The Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") recently issued final regulations
(the "Contingent Regulations") governing the calculation of OID on instruments
having contingent interest payments. The Contingent Regulations specifically do
not apply for purposes of calculating OID on debt instruments subject to Code
Section 1272(a)(6), such as the Regular Certificates. Additionally, Treasury
regulations issued on January 27, 1994 which provide rules for calculating OID
(the "OID Regulations") do not
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contain provisions specifically interpreting Code Section 1272(a)(6). The
Trustee intends to base its computations on Code Section 1272(a)(6) and the OID
Regulations as described in the Prospectus and this Prospectus Supplement.
However, because no regulatory guidance currently exists under Code Section
1272(a)(6), there can be no assurance that such methodology represents the
correct manner of calculating OID.
Market Discount
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, a Certificateholder that purchases a REMIC
Regular Certificate at a market discount, that is, in the case of a REMIC
Regular Certificate issued without original issue discount, at a purchase price
less than its remaining stated principal amount, or in the case of a REMIC
Regular Certificate issued with original issue discount, at a purchase price
less than its adjusted issue price, will recognize income upon receipt of each
distribution representing stated redemption price. In particular, under Section
1276 of the Code such a Certificateholder generally will be required to allocate
the portion of each such distribution representing stated redemption price first
to accrued market discount not previously included in income, and to recognize
ordinary income to that extent. A Certificateholder may elect to include market
discount in income currently as it accrues rather than including it on a
deferred basis in accordance with the foregoing. If made, such election will
apply to all market discount bonds acquired by such Certificateholder on or
after the first day of the first taxable year to which such election applies. In
addition, the OID Regulations permit a Certificateholder to elect to accrue all
interest, discount (including de minimis market or original issue discount) and
premium in income as interest, based on a constant yield method. If such an
election were made with respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate with market
discount, the Certificateholder would be deemed to have made an election to
include currently market discount in income with respect to all other debt
instruments having market discount that such Certificateholder acquires during
the taxable year of the election or thereafter, and possibly previously acquired
instruments. Similarly, a Certificateholder that made this election for a
Certificate that is acquired at a premium would be deemed to have made an
election to amortize bond premium with respect to all debt instruments having
amortizable bond premium that such Certificateholder owns or acquires. See
"--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Premium." Each of these
elections to accrue interest, discount and premium with respect to a Certificate
on a constant yield method or as interest would be irrevocable.
However, in the opinion of Tax Counsel, market discount with respect to a
REMIC Regular Certificate will be considered to be de minimis for purposes of
Section 1276 of the Code if such market discount is less than 0.25% of the
remaining stated redemption price of such REMIC Regular Certificate multiplied
by the number of complete years to maturity remaining after the date of its
purchase. In interpreting a similar rule with respect to original issue discount
on obligations payable in installments, the OID Regulations refer to the
weighted average maturity of obligations, and it is likely that the same rule
will be applied with respect to market discount, presumably taking into account
the Prepayment Assumption. If market discount is treated as de minimis under
this rule, it appears that the actual discount would be treated in a manner
similar to original issue discount of a de minimis amount. See "--Taxation of
Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Original Issue Discount." Such treatment
would result in discount being included in income at a slower rate than discount
would be required to be included in income using the method described above.
Section 1276(b)(3) of the Code specifically authorizes the Treasury
Department to issue regulations providing for the method for accruing market
discount on debt instruments, the principal of which is payable in more than one
installment. Until regulations are issued by the Treasury Department, certain
rules described in the Conference Committee Report (the "Committee Report")
apply. The Committee Report indicates that in each accrual period market
discount on REMIC Regular Certificates should accrue, at the Certificateholder's
option: (i) on the basis of a constant yield method, (ii) in the case of a REMIC
Regular Certificate issued without original issue discount, in an amount that
bears the same
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ratio to the total remaining market discount as the stated interest paid in the
accrual period bears to the total amount of stated interest remaining to be paid
on the REMIC Regular Certificate as of the beginning of the accrual period, or
(iii) in the case of a REMIC Regular Certificate issued with original issue
discount, in an amount that bears the same ratio to the total remaining market
discount as the original issue discount accrued in the accrual period bears to
the total original issue discount remaining on the REMIC Regular Certificate at
the beginning of the accrual period. Moreover, the Prepayment Assumption used in
calculating the accrual of original issue discount is to be used in calculating
the accrual of market discount. Because the regulations referred to in this
paragraph have not been issued, it is not possible to predict what effect such
regulations might have on the tax treatment of a REMIC Regular Certificate
purchased at a discount in the secondary market.
To the extent that REMIC Regular Certificates provide for monthly or other
periodic distributions throughout their term, the effect of these rules may be
to require market discount to be includable in income at a rate that is not
significantly slower than the rate at which such discount would accrue if it
were original issue discount. Moreover, in any event a holder of a REMIC Regular
Certificate generally will be required to treat a portion of any gain on the
sale or exchange of such Certificate as ordinary income to the extent of the
market discount accrued to the date of disposition under one of the foregoing
methods, less any accrued market discount previously reported as ordinary
income.
Further, under Section 1277 of the Code a holder of a REMIC Regular
Certificate may be required to defer a portion of its interest deductions for
the taxable year attributable to any indebtedness incurred or continued to
purchase or carry a REMIC Regular Certificate purchased with market discount.
For these purposes, the de minimis rule referred to above applies. Any such
deferred interest expense would not exceed the market discount that accrues
during such taxable year and is, in general, allowed as a deduction not later
than the year in which such market discount is includable in income. If such
holder elects to include market discount in income currently as it accrues on
all market discount instruments acquired by such holder in that taxable year or
thereafter, the interest deferral rule described above will not apply.
Premium
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, a REMIC Regular Certificate purchased at a
cost (excluding any portion of such cost attributable to accrued qualified
stated interest) greater than its remaining stated redemption price will be
considered to be purchased at a premium. The holder of such a REMIC Regular
Certificate may elect under Section 171 of the Code to amortize such premium
under the constant yield method over the life of the Certificate. If made, such
an election will apply to all debt instruments having amortizable bond premium
that the holder owns or subsequently acquires. Amortizable premium will be
treated as an offset to interest income on the related REMIC Regular
Certificate, rather than as a separate interest deduction. The OID Regulations
also permit Certificateholders to elect to include all interest, discount and
premium in income based on a constant yield method, further treating the
Certificateholder as having made the election to amortize premium generally. See
"--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Market Discount." The
Committee Report states that the same rules that apply to accrual of market
discount (which rules will require use of a Prepayment Assumption in accruing
market discount with respect to REMIC Regular Certificates without regard to
whether such Certificates have original issue discount) will also apply in
amortizing bond premium under Section 171 of the Code.
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Realized Losses
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, under Section 166 of the Code, both
corporate holders of the REMIC Regular Certificates and noncorporate holders of
the REMIC Regular Certificates that acquire such Certificates in connection with
a trade or business should be allowed to deduct, as ordinary losses, any losses
sustained during a taxable year in which their Certificates become wholly or
partially worthless as the result of one or more realized losses on the Primary
Assets. However, it appears that a noncorporate holder that does not acquire a
REMIC Regular Certificate in connection with a trade or business will not be
entitled to deduct a loss under Section 166 of the Code until such holder's
Certificate becomes wholly worthless (i.e., until its outstanding principal
balance has been reduced to zero) and that the loss will be characterized as a
short-term capital loss.
Each holder of a REMIC Regular Certificate will be required to accrue
interest and original issue discount with respect to such Certificate, without
giving effect to any reductions in distributions attributable to defaults or
delinquencies on the Primary Assets until it can be established that any such
reduction ultimately will not be recoverable. As a result, the amount of taxable
income reported in any period by the holder of a REMIC Regular Certificate could
exceed the amount of economic income actually realized by the holder in such
period. Although the holder of a REMIC Regular Certificate eventually will
recognize a loss or reduction in income attributable to previously accrued and
included income that, as the result of a realized loss, ultimately will not be
realized, the law is unclear with respect to the timing and character of such
loss or reduction in income.
Taxation of Owners of REMIC Residual Certificates
General
As residual interests, the REMIC Residual Certificates will be subject to
tax rules that differ significantly from those that would apply if the REMIC
Residual Certificates were treated for federal income tax purposes as direct
ownership interests in the Primary Assets or as debt instruments issued by the
REMIC.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, a holder of a REMIC Residual Certificate
generally will be required to report its daily portion of the taxable income or,
subject to the limitations noted in this discussion, the net loss of the REMIC
for each day during a calendar quarter that such holder owned such REMIC
Residual Certificate. For this purpose, the taxable income or net loss of the
REMIC will be allocated to each day in the calendar quarter ratably using a "30
days per month/90 days per quarter/360 days per year" convention unless
otherwise disclosed in the related Prospectus Supplement. The daily amounts will
then be allocated among the REMIC Residual Certificateholders in proportion to
their respective ownership interests on such day. Any amount included in the
gross income or allowed as a loss of any REMIC Residual Certificateholder by
virtue of this allocation will be treated as ordinary income or loss. The
taxable income of the REMIC will be determined under the rules described below
in "--Taxable Income of the REMIC" and will be taxable to the REMIC Residual
Certificateholders without regard to the timing or amount of cash distributions
by the REMIC. Ordinary income derived from REMIC Residual Certificates will be
"portfolio income" for purposes of the taxation of taxpayers subject to
limitations under Section 469 of the Code on the deductibility of "passive
losses."
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, a holder of a REMIC Residual Certificate
that purchased such Certificate from a prior holder of such Certificate also
will be required to report on its federal income tax return amounts representing
its daily portion of the taxable income (or net loss) of the REMIC for each day
that it holds such REMIC Residual Certificate. These daily portions generally
will equal the amounts of taxable income or net loss determined as described
above. The Committee Report indicates that certain modifications of the general
rules may be made, by regulations, legislation or otherwise, to reduce
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(or increase) the income or loss of a holder of a REMIC Residual
Certificateholder that purchased such REMIC Residual Certificate from a prior
holder of such Certificate at a price greater than (or less than) the adjusted
basis such REMIC Residual Certificate would have had in the hands of an original
holder of such Certificate. The REMIC Regulations, however, do not provide for
any such modifications.
Any payments received by a holder of a REMIC Residual Certificate in
connection with the acquisition of such REMIC Residual Certificate will be taken
into account in determining the income of such holder for federal income tax
purposes. Although it appears likely that any such payment would be includable
in income immediately upon its receipt, the IRS might assert that such payment
should be included in income over time according to an amortization schedule or
according to some other method. Because of the uncertainty concerning the
treatment of such payments, holders of REMIC Residual Certificates should
consult their tax advisors concerning the treatment of such payments for income
tax purposes.
The amount of income REMIC Residual Certificateholders will be required to
report (or the tax liability associated with such income) may exceed the amount
of cash distributions received from the REMIC for the corresponding period.
Consequently, REMIC Residual Certificateholders should have other sources of
funds sufficient to pay any federal income taxes due as a result of their
ownership of REMIC Residual Certificates, because it is unlikely that unrelated
deductions will be available to offset such income due to the rules relating to
"excess inclusions," and "noneconomic" residual interests discussed below. The
fact that the tax liability associated with the income allocated to REMIC
Residual Certificateholders may exceed the cash distributions received by such
REMIC Residual Certificateholders for the corresponding period may significantly
adversely affect such REMIC Residual Certificateholders' after-tax rate of
return.
Taxable Income of the REMIC
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, the taxable income of the REMIC will equal
the income from the Primary Assets, including stated interest and any OID or
market discount on the Primary Assets, and other assets of the REMIC plus any
cancellation of indebtedness income due to the allocation of realized losses to
REMIC Regular Certificates, less the deductions allowed to the REMIC for
interest (including original issue discount and reduced by the amortization of
any premium received on issuance) on the REMIC Regular Certificates (and any
other class of REMIC Certificates constituting "regular interests" in the REMIC
not offered hereby), amortization of any premium on the Primary Assets, bad debt
deductions with respect to the Primary Assets and, except as described below,
for servicing, administrative and other expenses.
For purposes of determining its taxable income, the REMIC will have an
initial aggregate basis in its assets equal to their fair market value
immediately after their transfer to the REMIC. For this purpose, the Trustee
intends to treat the fair market value of the Primary Assets as being equal to
the aggregate issue prices of the REMIC Regular Certificates and REMIC Residual
Certificates. Such aggregate basis will be allocated among the Primary Assets
collectively and the other assets of the REMIC in proportion to their respective
fair market values. The issue price of any REMIC Certificates offered hereby
will be determined in the manner described above under "--Taxation of Owners of
REMIC Regular Certificates--Original Issue Discount." Accordingly, if one or
more classes of REMIC Certificates are retained initially rather than sold, the
Trustee may be required to estimate the fair market value of such interests in
order to determine the basis of the REMIC in the Primary Assets and other
property held by the REMIC.
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Subject to the possible application of the de minimis rules, the method of
accrual by the REMIC of original issue discount income and market discount
income with respect to Primary Assets that it holds will be equivalent to the
method of accruing original issue discount income for REMIC Regular
Certificateholders (that is, under the constant yield method taking into account
the Prepayment Assumption). However, a REMIC that acquires loans at a market
discount must include such discount in income currently, as it accrues, on a
constant interest basis. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates" above, which describes a method of accruing discount income that
is analogous to that required to be used by a REMIC as to Primary Assets with
market discount that it holds.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, Primary Assets will be deemed to have been
acquired with discount (or premium) to the extent that the REMIC's basis
therein, determined as described in the preceding paragraph, is less than (or
greater than) its stated redemption price. Any such discount will be includable
in the income of the REMIC as it accrues, in advance of receipt of the cash
attributable to such income, under a method similar to the method described
above for accruing original issue discount on the REMIC Regular Certificates. It
is anticipated that each REMIC will elect under Section 171 of the Code to
amortize any premium on the Primary Assets. Premiums on Primary Assets to which
such election applies may be amortized under a constant yield method, presumably
taking into account a Prepayment Assumption.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, the REMIC will be allowed deductions for
interest (including original issue discount) on the REMIC Regular Certificates
(including any other class of REMIC Certificates constituting "regular
interests" in the REMIC not offered hereby) equal to the deductions that would
be allowed if the REMIC Regular Certificates (including any other class of REMIC
Certificates constituting "regular interests" in the REMIC not offered hereby)
were indebtedness of the REMIC. Original issue discount will be considered to
accrue for this purpose as described above under "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC
Regular Certificates-- Original Issue Discount," except that the de minimis rule
and the adjustments for subsequent holders of REMIC Regular Certificates
(including any other Class of Certificates constituting "regular interests" in
the REMIC not offered hereby) described therein will not apply.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, if a class of REMIC Regular Certificates is
issued at a price in excess of the stated redemption price of such class (such
excess, "Issue Premium"), the REMIC will have an additional item of income in
each taxable year in an amount equal to the portion of the Issue Premium that is
considered to be amortized or repaid in that year. Although the matter is not
entirely certain, it is likely that Issue Premium would be amortized under a
constant yield method in a manner analogous to the method of accruing original
issue discount described above under "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Original Issue Discount."
As a general rule, the taxable income of the REMIC will be determined in
the same manner as if the REMIC were an individual having the calendar year as
its taxable year and using the accrual method of accounting. However, no item of
income, gain, loss or deduction allocable to a prohibited transaction will be
taken into account. See "--Prohibited Transactions and Other Possible REMIC
Taxes" below. Further, the limitation on miscellaneous itemized deductions
imposed on individuals by Section 67 of the Code (which allows such deductions
only to the extent they exceed in the aggregate two percent of the taxpayer's
adjusted gross income) will not be applied at the REMIC level so that the REMIC
will be allowed deductions for servicing, administrative and other non-interest
expenses in determining its taxable income. All such expenses will be allocated
as a separate item to the holders of REMIC Certificates, subject to the
limitation of Section 67 of the Code. See "--Possible Pass-Through of
Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions." If the deductions allowed to the REMIC
exceed its gross income for a calendar quarter, such excess will be the net loss
for the REMIC for that calendar quarter.
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Basis Rules, Net Losses and Distributions
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, the adjusted basis of a REMIC Residual
Certificate will be equal to the amount paid for such REMIC Residual
Certificate, increased by amounts included in the income of the REMIC Residual
Certificateholder and decreased (but not below zero) by distributions made, and
by net losses allocated, to such REMIC Residual Certificateholder.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, a REMIC Residual Certificateholder is not
allowed to take into account any net loss for any calendar quarter to the extent
such net loss exceeds such REMIC Residual Certificateholder's adjusted basis in
its REMIC Residual Certificate as of the close of such calendar quarter
(determined without regard to such net loss). Any loss that is not currently
deductible by reason of this limitation may be carried forward indefinitely to
future calendar quarters and, subject to the same limitation, may be used only
to offset income from the REMIC Residual Certificate. The ability of REMIC
Residual Certificateholders to deduct net losses may be subject to additional
limitations under the Code, as to which REMIC Residual Certificateholders should
consult their tax advisors.
In the opinion of Tax Counsel any distribution on a REMIC Residual
Certificate will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent it
does not exceed the holder's adjusted basis in such REMIC Residual Certificate.
To the extent a distribution on a REMIC Residual Certificate exceeds such
adjusted basis, it will be treated as gain from the sale of such REMIC Residual
Certificate. Holders of certain REMIC Residual Certificates may be entitled to
distributions early in the term of the related REMIC under circumstances in
which their bases in such REMIC Residual Certificates will not be sufficiently
large that such distributions will be treated as nontaxable returns of capital.
Their bases in such REMIC Residual Certificates will initially equal the amount
paid for such REMIC Residual Certificates and will be increased by their
allocable shares of taxable income of the Trust. However, such basis increases
may not occur until the end of the calendar quarter, or perhaps the end of the
calendar year, with respect to which such REMIC taxable income is allocated to
the REMIC Residual Certificateholders. To the extent such REMIC Residual
Certificateholders' initial bases are less than the distributions to such REMIC
Residual Certificateholders, and increases in such initial bases either occur
after such distributions or (together with their initial bases) are less than
the amount of such distributions, gain will be recognized to such REMIC Residual
Certificateholders on such distributions and will be treated as gain from the
sale of their REMIC Residual Certificates.
The effect of these rules is that a REMIC Residual Certificateholder may
not amortize its basis in a REMIC Residual Certificate, but may only recover its
basis through distributions, through the deduction of its share of any net
losses of the REMIC or upon the sale of its REMIC Residual Certificate. See
"--Sales of REMIC Certificates." For a discussion of possible modifications of
these rules that may require adjustments to income of a holder of a REMIC
Residual Certificate other than an original holder in order to reflect any
difference between the cost of such REMIC Residual Certificate to such holder
and the adjusted basis such REMIC Residual Certificate would have had in the
hands of the original holder, see "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Residual
Certificates--General."
Excess Inclusions
In the opinion of Tax Counsel, any "excess inclusions" with respect to a
REMIC Residual Certificate will be subject to federal income tax in all events.
In general, the "excess inclusions" with respect to a REMIC Residual
Certificate for any calendar quarter will be the excess, if any, of (i) the sum
of the daily portions of REMIC taxable income allocable to such REMIC Residual
Certificate over (ii) the sum of the "daily accruals" for each day during such
quarter that such REMIC Residual Certificate was held by such REMIC Residual
Certificateholder. The "daily accruals" of a REMIC Residual Certificateholder
will be determined by allocating to each day
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during a calendar quarter its ratable portion of the product of the "adjusted
issue price" of the REMIC Residual Certificate at the beginning of the calendar
quarter and 120% of the "long-term federal rate" in effect on the Closing Date.
For this purpose, the adjusted issue price of a REMIC Residual Certificate as of
the beginning of any calendar quarter will be equal to the issue price of the
REMIC Residual Certificate, increased by the sum of the daily accruals for all
prior quarters and decreased (but not below zero) by all distributions made with
respect to such REMIC Residual Certificate before the beginning of such quarter.
The issue price of a REMIC Residual Certificate is the initial offering price to
the public (excluding bond houses and brokers) at which a substantial amount of
the REMIC Residual Certificates were sold. The "long-term federal rate" is an
average of current yields on Treasury securities with a remaining term of
greater than nine years, computed and published monthly by the IRS.
For REMIC Residual Certificateholders, an excess inclusion (i) will not be
permitted to be offset by deductions, losses or loss carryovers from other
activities, (ii) will be treated as "unrelated business taxable income" to an
otherwise tax-exempt organization and (iii) will not be eligible for any rate
reduction or exemption under any applicable tax treaty with respect to the 30%
United States withholding tax imposed on distributions to REMIC Residual
Certificateholders that are foreign investors. See, however, "--Foreign
Investors in REMIC Certificates" below.
The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 has eliminated the special
rule permitting Section 593 institutions ("thrift institutions") to use net
operating losses and other allowable deductions to offset their excess inclusion
income from REMIC residual certificates that have "significant value" within the
meaning of the REMIC Regulations, effective for taxable years beginning after
December 31, 1995, except with respect to residual certificates continuously
held by a thrift institution since November 1, 1995.
In addition, the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 provides three
rules for determining the effect on excess inclusions on the alternative minimum
taxable income of a residual holder. First, alternative minimum taxable income
for such residual holder is determined without regard to the special rule that
taxable income cannot be less than excess inclusions. Second, a residual
holder's alternative minimum taxable income for a tax year cannot be less than
excess inclusions for the year. Third, the amount of any alternative minimum tax
net operating loss deductions must be computed without regard to any excess
inclusions. These rules are effective for tax years beginning after December 31,
1986, unless a residual holder elects to have such rules apply only to tax years
beginning after August 20, 1996.
In the case of any REMIC Residual Certificates held by a real estate
investment trust, the aggregate excess inclusions with respect to such REMIC
Residual Certificates, reduced (but not below zero) by the real estate
investment trust taxable income (within the meaning of Section 857(b)(2) of the
Code, excluding any net capital gain), will be allocated among the shareholders
of such trust in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders from
such trust, and any amount so allocated will be treated as an excess inclusion
with respect to a REMIC Residual Certificate as if held directly by such
shareholder. Treasury regulations yet to be issued could apply a similar rule to
regulated investment companies, common trust funds and certain cooperatives; the
REMIC Regulations currently do not address this subject.
Noneconomic REMIC Residual Certificates
Under the REMIC Regulations, transfers of "noneconomic" REMIC Residual
Certificates will be disregarded for all federal income tax purposes if "a
significant purpose of the transfer was to enable the transferor to impede the
assessment or collection of tax." If such transfer is disregarded, the purported
transferor will continue to remain liable for any taxes due with respect to the
income on such "noneconomic" REMIC Residual Certificate. The REMIC Regulations
provide that a REMIC Residual Certificate is noneconomic unless, based on the
Prepayment Assumption and on any required or permitted
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clean up calls, or required qualified liquidation provided for in the REMIC's
organizational documents, (1) the present value of the expected future
distributions (discounted using the "applicable federal rate" for obligations
whose term ends on the close of the last quarter in which excess inclusions are
expected to accrue with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificate, which rate is
computed and published monthly by the IRS) on the REMIC Residual Certificate
equals at least the present value of the expected tax on the anticipated excess
inclusions, and (2) the transferor reasonably expects that the transferee will
receive distributions with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificate at or after
the time the taxes accrue on the anticipated excess inclusions in an amount
sufficient to satisfy the accrued taxes. Accordingly, all transfers of REMIC
Residual Certificates that may constitute noneconomic residual interests will be
subject to certain restrictions under the terms of the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement that are intended to reduce the possibility of any such
transfer being disregarded. Such restrictions will require each party to a
transfer to provide an affidavit that no purpose of such transfer is to impede
the assessment or collection of tax, including certain representations as to the
financial condition of the prospective transferee, as to which the transferor
also is required to make a reasonable investigation to determine such
transferee's historic payment of its debts and ability to continue to pay its
debts as they come due in the future. Prior to purchasing a REMIC Residual
Certificate, prospective purchasers should consider the possibility that a
purported transfer of such REMIC Residual Certificate by such a purchaser to
another purchaser at some future date may be disregarded in accordance with the
above-described rules which would result in the retention of tax liability by
such purchaser.
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose whether offered REMIC
Residual Certificates may be considered "noneconomic" residual interests under
the REMIC Regulations; provided, however, that any disclosure that a REMIC
Residual Certificate will not be considered "noneconomic" will be based upon
certain assumptions, and the Depositor will make no representation that a REMIC
Residual Certificate will not be considered "noneconomic" for purposes of the
above-described rules. See "--Foreign Investors in REMIC Certificates--REMIC
Residual Certificates" below for additional restrictions applicable to transfers
of certain REMIC Residual Certificates to foreign persons.
Mark-to-Market Rules
On January 4, 1995, the IRS released proposed regulations (the
"Mark-to-Market Regulations") relating to the requirement that a securities
dealer mark to market securities held for sale to customers. This mark-to-market
requirement applies to all securities owned by a dealer, except to the extent
that the dealer has specifically identified a security as held for investment.
The Mark-to-Market Regulations provide that for purposes of this mark-to-market
requirement, a REMIC Residual Certificate issued after January 4, 1995 would not
be treated as a security and thus generally could not be marked to market.
Prospective purchasers of a REMIC Residual Certificate should consult their tax
advisors regarding the possible application of the mark-to-market requirement to
REMIC Residual Certificates.
Possible Pass-Through of Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions
Fees and expenses of a REMIC generally will be allocated to the holders of
the related REMIC Residual Certificates. The applicable Treasury regulations
indicate, however, that in the case of a REMIC that is similar to a single class
grantor trust, all or a portion of such fees and expenses should be allocated to
the holders of the related REMIC Regular Certificates. Unless otherwise stated
in the related Prospectus Supplement, such fees and expenses will be allocated
to holders of the related REMIC Residual Certificates in their entirety and not
to the holders of the related REMIC Regular Certificates.
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With respect to REMIC Residual Certificates or REMIC Regular Certificates
the holders of which receive an allocation of fees and expenses in accordance
with the preceding discussion, if any holder thereof is an individual, estate or
trust, or a "pass-through entity" beneficially owned by one or more individuals,
estates or trusts, (i) an amount equal to such individual's, estate's or trust's
share of such fees and expenses will be added to the gross income of such holder
and (ii) such individual's, estate's or trust's share of such fees and expenses
will be treated as a miscellaneous itemized deduction allowable subject to the
limitation of Section 67 of the Code, which permits such deductions only to the
extent they exceed in the aggregate 2% of a taxpayer's adjusted gross income. In
addition, Section 68 of the Code provides that the amount of itemized deductions
otherwise allowable for an individual whose adjusted gross income exceeds a
specified amount will be reduced by the lesser of (i) 3% of the excess of the
individual's adjusted gross income over such amount or (ii) 80% of the amount of
itemized deductions otherwise allowable for the taxable year. The amount of
additional taxable income reportable by REMIC Certificateholders that are
subject to the limitations of either Section 67 or Section 68 of the Code may be
substantial. Furthermore, in determining the alternative minimum taxable income
of such a holder of a REMIC Certificate that is an individual, estate or trust,
or a "pass-through entity" beneficially owned by one or more individuals,
estates or trusts, no deduction will be allowed for such holder's allocable
portion of servicing fees and other miscellaneous itemized deductions of the
REMIC, even though an amount equal to the amount of such fees and other
deductions will be included in such holder's gross income. Accordingly, such
REMIC Certificates may not be appropriate investments for individuals, estates
or trusts, or pass-through entities beneficially owned by one or more
individuals, estates or trusts. Such prospective investors should consult
carefully with their tax advisors prior to making an investment in such
Certificates.
Sales of REMIC Certificates
If a REMIC Certificate is sold, the selling Certificateholder will
recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on
the sale and its adjusted basis in the REMIC Certificate. The adjusted basis of
a REMIC Regular Certificate generally will equal the cost of such REMIC Regular
Certificate to such Certificateholder, increased by income reported by such
Certificateholder with respect to such REMIC Regular Certificate (including
original issue discount and market discount income) and reduced (but not below
zero) by distributions on such REMIC Regular Certificate received by such
Certificateholder and by any amortized premium. The adjusted basis of a REMIC
Residual Certificate will be determined as described under "--Taxation of Owners
of REMIC Residual Certificates--Basis Rules, Net Losses and Distributions."
Except as described below, any such gain or loss generally will be capital gain
or loss. The Code as of the date of this Prospectus provides for a top marginal
tax rate of 39.6% for individuals and a maximum marginal rate for long-term
capital gains of individuals of 28%. No such rate differential exists for
corporations. In addition, the distinction between a capital gain or loss and
ordinary income or loss remains relevant for other purposes.
The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 reduces the maximum rates on long-term
capital gains recognized on capital assets held by individual taxpayers for more
than eighteen months as of the date of disposition (and would further reduce the
maximum rates on such gains in the year 2001 and thereafter for certain
individual taxpayers who meet specified conditions). Prospective investors
should consult their own tax advisors concerning these tax law changes. Gain
from the sale of a REMIC Regular Certificate that might otherwise be capital
gain will be treated as ordinary income to the extent such gain does not exceed
the excess, if any, of (i) the amount that would have been includable in the
seller's income with respect to such REMIC Regular Certificate had income
accrued thereon at a rate equal to 110% of the "applicable federal rate"
(generally, a rate based on an average of current yields on Treasury securities
having a maturity comparable to that of the Certificate, which rate is computed
and published monthly by the IRS), determined as of the date of purchase of such
REMIC Regular Certificate, over (ii) the amount of ordinary income actually
includable in the seller's income prior to such sale. In addition, gain
recognized on the sale of a REMIC Regular Certificate by a seller who purchased
such REMIC
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Regular Certificate at a market discount will be taxable as ordinary income to
the extent of any accrued and previously unrecognized market discount that
accrued during the period the Certificate was held. See "--Taxation of Owners of
REMIC Regular Certificates--Market Discount" herein.
REMIC Certificates will be "evidences of indebtedness" within the meaning
of Section 582(c) (1) of the Code, so that gain or loss recognized from the sale
of a REMIC Certificate by a bank or thrift institution to which such section
applies will be ordinary income or loss.
A portion of any gain from the sale of a REMIC Regular Certificate that
might otherwise be capital gain may be treated as ordinary income to the extent
that such Certificate is held as part of a "conversion transaction" within the
meaning of Section 1258 of the Code. A conversion transaction generally is one
in which the taxpayer has taken two or more positions in Certificates or similar
property that reduce or eliminate market risk, if substantially all of the
taxpayer's return is attributable to the time value of the taxpayer's net
investment in such transaction. The amount of gain so realized in a conversion
transaction that is recharacterized as ordinary income generally will not exceed
the amount of interest that would have accrued on the taxpayer's net investment
at 120% of the appropriate "applicable federal rate" (which rate is computed and
published monthly by the IRS) at the time the taxpayer enters into the
conversion transaction, subject to appropriate reduction for prior inclusion of
interest and other ordinary income items from the transaction.
Finally, a taxpayer may elect to have net capital gain taxed at ordinary
income rates rather than capital gains rates in order to include such net
capital gain in total net investment income for the taxable year, for purposes
of the limitation on the deduction of interest on indebtedness incurred to
purchase or carry property held for investment to a taxpayer's net investment
income.
Except as may be provided in Treasury regulations yet to be issued, if a
person who sells or otherwise disposes of a REMIC Residual Certificate
reacquires the Certificate, any other residual interest in a REMIC or any
similar interest in a "taxable mortgage pool" (as defined in Section 7701 (i) of
the Code) within six months of the date of such sale, the sale will be subject
to the "wash sale" rules of Section 1091 of the Code. In that event, any loss
realized by the REMIC Residual Certificateholder on the sale will not be
deductible, but instead will be added to such REMIC Residual Certificateholder's
adjusted basis in the newly-acquired asset.
Prohibited Transactions and Other Possible REMIC Taxes
The Code imposes a tax on REMICs equal to 100% of the net income derived
from "prohibited transactions" (a "Prohibited Transactions Tax"). In general,
subject to certain specified exceptions a prohibited transaction means the
disposition of a Primary Asset, the receipt of income from a source other than a
Primary Asset or certain other permitted investments, the receipt of
compensation for services, or gain from the disposition of an asset purchased
with the payments on the Primary Assets for temporary investment pending
distribution on the REMIC Certificates. It is not anticipated that any REMIC
will engage in any prohibited transactions in which it would recognize a
material amount of net income.
In addition, certain contributions to a REMIC made after the day on which
the REMIC issues all of its interests could result in the imposition of a tax on
the REMIC equal to 100% of the value of the contributed property (a
"Contributions Tax"). Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will include
provisions designed to prevent the acceptance of any contributions that would be
subject to such tax.
REMICs also are subject to federal income tax at the highest corporate
rate on "net income from foreclosure property," determined by reference to the
rules applicable to real estate investment trusts. "Net income from foreclosure
property" generally means gain from the sale of a foreclosure property that is
inventory property and gross income from foreclosure property other than
qualifying rents and other
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qualifying income for a real estate investment trust. Unless otherwise disclosed
in the related Prospectus Supplement, it is not anticipated that any REMIC will
recognize "net income from foreclosure property" subject to federal income tax.
Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus Supplement, and to the
extent permitted by then applicable laws, any Prohibited Transactions Tax,
Contributions Tax, tax on "net income from foreclosure property" or state or
local income or franchise tax that may be imposed on the REMIC will be borne by
the related Master Servicer or Trustee in either case out of its own funds,
provided that the Master Servicer or the Trustee, as the case may be, has
sufficient assets to do so, and provided further that such tax arises out of the
negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of the Master Servicer or the
Trustee. Any such tax not borne by the Master Servicer or the Trustee will be
payable out of the related Trust resulting in a reduction in amounts payable to
holders of the related REMIC Certificates.
Tax and Restrictions on Transfers of REMIC Residual Certificates
to Certain Organizations
If a REMIC Residual Certificate is transferred to a "disqualified
organization," a tax would be imposed in an amount (determined under the REMIC
Regulations) equal to the product of (i) the present value (discounted using the
"applicable federal rate" for obligations whose term ends on the close of the
last quarter in which excess inclusions are expected to accrue with respect to
the Certificate, which rate is computed and published monthly by the IRS) of the
total anticipated excess inclusions with respect to such REMIC Residual
Certificate for periods after the transfer and (ii) the highest marginal federal
income tax rate applicable to corporations. The anticipated excess inclusions
must be determined as of the date that the REMIC Residual Certificate is
transferred and must be based on events that have occurred up to the time of
such transfer, the Prepayment Assumption and any required or permitted clean up
calls or required liquidation provided for in the REMIC's organizational
documents. Such a tax generally would be imposed on the transferor of the REMIC
Residual Certificate, except that where such transfer is through an agent for a
disqualified organization, the tax would instead be imposed on such agent.
However, a transferor of a REMIC Residual Certificate would in no event be
liable for such tax with respect to a transfer if the transferee furnishes to
the transferor an affidavit that the transferee is not a disqualified
organization and, as of the time of the transfer, the transferor does not have
actual knowledge that such affidavit is false. Moreover, an entity will not
qualify as a REMIC unless there are reasonable arrangements designed to ensure
that (i) residual interests in such entity are not held by disqualified
organizations and (ii) information necessary for the application of the tax
described herein will be made available. Restrictions on the transfer of REMIC
Residual Certificates and certain other provisions that are intended to meet
this requirement will be included in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and
will be discussed more fully in any Prospectus Supplement relating to the
offering of any REMIC Residual Certificate.
In addition, if a "pass-through entity" includes in income excess
inclusions with respect to a REMIC Residual Certificate, and a disqualified
organization is the record holder of an interest in such entity, then a tax will
be imposed on such entity equal to the product of (i) the amount of excess
inclusions on the REMIC Residual Certificate that are allocable to the interest
in the pass-through entity held by such disqualified organization and (ii) the
highest marginal federal income tax rate imposed on corporations. A pass-through
entity will not be subject to this tax for any period, however, if each record
holder of an interest in such pass-through entity furnishes to such pass-through
entity (i) such holder's social security number and a statement under penalties
of perjury that such social security number is that of the record holder or (ii)
a statement under penalties of perjury that such record holder is not a
disqualified organization.
For these purposes, a "disqualified organization" means (i) the United
States, any state or political subdivision thereof, any foreign government, any
international organization, or any agency or instrumentality of the foregoing
(but would not include instrumentalities described in Section
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168(h)(2)(D) of the Code or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation), (ii)
any organization (other than a cooperative described in Section 521 of the Code)
that is exempt from federal income tax, unless it is subject to the tax imposed
by Section 511 of the Code or (iii) any organization described in Section
1381(a)(2)(C) of the Code. For these purposes, a "pass-through entity" means any
regulated investment company, real estate investment trust, trust, partnership
or certain other entities described in Section 860E(e)(6) of the Code. In
addition, a person holding an interest in a pass-through entity as a nominee for
another person will, with respect to such interest, be treated as a pass-through
entity.
The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 adds provisions to the Code that will
apply to an "electing large partnership." If an electing large partnership holds
a Residual Certificate, all interests in the electing large partnership held by
any partner are treated as held by disqualified organizations for purposes of
the tax imposed upon a pass-through entity by Section 860E(e) of the Code. An
exception to this tax, otherwise available to a pass-through entity that is
furnished certain affidavits by record holders of interests in the entity and
that does not know such affidavits are false, is not available to an electing
large partnership.
Termination
A REMIC will terminate immediately after the Distribution Date following
receipt by the REMIC of the final payment in respect of the Mortgage Loans or
upon a sale of the REMIC's assets following the adoption by the REMIC of a plan
of complete liquidation. The last distribution on a REMIC Regular Certificate
will be treated as a payment in retirement of a debt instrument. In the case of
a REMIC Residual Certificate, if the last distribution on such REMIC Residual
Certificate is less than the REMIC Residual Certificateholder's adjusted basis
in such Certificate, such REMIC Residual Certificateholder should be treated as
realizing a loss equal to the amount of such difference. The character of any
such loss as ordinary or capital is uncertain. Further, any such loss may be
subject to the "wash sale" rules of Section 1091 of the Code. See "--Sales of
REMIC Certificates" herein.
Reporting and Other Administrative Matters
Solely for purposes of the administrative provisions of the Code, the
REMIC will be treated as a partnership and Residual Certificateholders will be
treated as partners. Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Trustee will file REMIC federal income tax returns on behalf of
the related REMIC, will be designated as and will act as the "tax matters
person" with respect to the REMIC in all respects, and generally will hold at
least a nominal amount of REMIC Residual Certificates.
As the tax matters person, the Trustee will, subject to certain notice
requirements and various restrictions and limitations, generally have the
authority to act on behalf of the REMIC and the REMIC Residual
Certificateholders in connection with the administrative and judicial review of
items of income, deduction, gain or loss of the REMIC, as well as the REMIC's
classification. REMIC Residual Certificateholders will generally be required to
report such REMIC items consistently with their treatment on the related REMIC's
tax return and may in some circumstances be bound by a settlement agreement
between the Trustee as tax matters person, and the IRS concerning any such REMIC
item. Adjustments made to the REMIC tax return may require a REMIC Residual
Certificateholder to make corresponding adjustments on its return, and an audit
of the REMIC's tax return, or the adjustments resulting from such an audit,
could result in an audit of a REMIC Residual Certificateholder's return. No
REMIC will be registered as a tax shelter pursuant to Section 6111 of the Code
because it is not anticipated that any REMIC will have a net loss for any of the
first five taxable years of its existence. Any person that holds a REMIC
Residual Certificate as a nominee for another person may be required to furnish
to the related REMIC, in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations, the
name and address of such person and other information.
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Reporting of interest income, including any original issue discount, with
respect to REMIC Regular Certificates is required annually, and may be required
more frequently under Treasury regulations. These information reports generally
are required to be sent to individual holders of REMIC Regular Interests and the
IRS; holders of REMIC Regular Certificates that are corporations, trusts,
securities dealers and certain other non-individuals will be provided interest
and original issue discount income information and the information set forth in
the following paragraph upon request in accordance with the requirements of the
applicable regulations. The information must be provided by the later of 30 days
after the end of the quarter for which the information was requested, or two
weeks after the receipt of the request. The REMIC must also comply with rules
requiring a REMIC Regular Certificate issued with original issue discount to
disclose on its face certain information including the amount of original issue
discount and the issue date, and requiring such information to be reported to
the IRS. Reporting with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificates, including
income, excess inclusions, investment expenses and relevant information
regarding qualification of the REMIC's assets will be made as required under the
Treasury regulations, generally on a quarterly basis.
As applicable, the REMIC Regular Certificate information reports will
include a statement of the adjusted issue price of the REMIC Regular Certificate
at the beginning of each accrual period. In addition, the reports will include
information required by regulations with respect to computing the accrual of any
market discount. Because exact computation of the accrual of market discount on
a constant yield method requires information relating to the holder's purchase
price that the Master Servicer will not have, such regulations only require that
information pertaining to the appropriate proportionate method of accruing
market discount be provided. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Market Discount."
The responsibility for complying with the foregoing reporting rules will
be borne by the Trustee. Certificateholders may request any information with
respect to the returns described in Section 1.6049-7(e)(2) of the Treasury
regulations. Such request should be directed to the Trustee at the address
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Backup Withholding with Respect to REMIC Certificates
Payments of interest and principal, as well as payments of proceeds from
the sale of REMIC Certificates, may be subject to the "backup withholding tax"
under Section 3406 of the Code at a rate of 31% if recipients of such payments
fail to furnish to the payor certain information, including their taxpayer
identification numbers, or otherwise fail to establish an exemption from such
tax. Any amounts deducted and withheld from a distribution to a recipient would
be allowed as a credit against such recipient's federal income tax.
Furthermore, certain penalties may be imposed by the IRS on a recipient of
payments that is required to supply information but that does not do so in the
proper manner.
Final regulations dealing with withholding tax on income paid to foreign
persons, backup withholding and related matters (the "New Withholding
Regulations") were issued by the Treasury Department on October 6, 1997. The New
Withholding Regulations generally will be effective for payments made after
December 31, 1998, subject to certain transition rules. Prospective U.S. Holders
are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the New
Withholding Regulations.
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Foreign Investors in REMIC Certificates
A REMIC Regular Certificateholder that is not a "United States person" and
is not subject to federal income tax as a result of any direct or indirect
connection to the United States in addition to its ownership of a REMIC Regular
Certificate will not be subject to United States federal income or withholding
tax in respect of a distribution on a REMIC Regular Certificate, provided that
the holder complies to the extent necessary with certain identification
requirements (including delivery of a statement, signed by the Certificateholder
under penalties of perjury, certifying that such Certificateholder is not a
United States person and providing the name and address of such
Certificateholder). For these purposes, "United States person" means a citizen
or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or other entity
created or organized in, or under the laws of, the United States or any
political subdivision thereof, an estate whose income from sources without the
United States is includable in gross income for United States federal income tax
purposes regardless of its connection with the conduct of a trade or business
within the United States or a trust if a court within the United States is able
to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or
more United States trustees have authority to control all substantial decisions
of the trust. It is possible that the IRS may assert that the foregoing tax
exemption should not apply with respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate held by a
REMIC Residual Certificateholder that owns directly or indirectly a 10% or
greater interest in the REMIC Residual Certificates. If the holder does not
qualify for exemption, distributions of interest, including distributions in
respect of accrued original issue discount, to such holder may be subject to a
tax rate of 30%, subject to reduction under any applicable tax treaty.
In addition, prospective Foreign Investors are strongly urged to consult
their own tax advisors with respect to the New Withholding Regulations. See
"--Backup Withholding with Respect to REMIC Certificates" herein.
In addition, the foregoing rules will not apply to exempt a United States
shareholder of a controlled foreign corporation from taxation on such United
States shareholder's allocable portion of the interest income received by such
controlled foreign corporation.
Further, it appears that a REMIC Regular Certificate would not be included
in the estate of a non-resident alien individual and would not be subject to
United States estate taxes. However, Certificateholders who are non-resident
alien individuals should consult their tax advisors concerning this question.
Transfers of REMIC Residual Certificates to investors that are not United
States persons will be prohibited under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement unless specific exclusions are set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Tax Status as a Grantor Trust
General. As specified in the related Prospectus Supplement if a REMIC
election is not made, in the opinion of the Tax Counsel the Trust will be
classified for federal income tax purposes as a grantor trust under Subpart E,
Part I of the Subchapter J of the Code and not as an association taxable as a
corporation (securities in the Trust shall hereinafter be referred as the
"Pass-Through Securities"). In some Series there will be no separation of the
principal and interest payments on the Primary Assets. In such circumstances, a
holder of such securities (the "Holder") will be considered to have purchased a
pro rata undivided interest in each of the Loans. In other cases ("Stripped
Securities"), sale of the securities (the "Securities") will produce a
separation in the ownership of all or a portion of the principal payments from
all or a portion of the interest payments on the Primary Assets.
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Each Holder must report on its federal income tax return its share of the
gross income derived from the Primary Assets (not reduced by the amount payable
as fees to the Trustee and the Master Servicer and similar fees (collectively,
the "Servicing Fee")), at the same time and in the same manner as such items
would have been reported under the Holder's tax accounting method had it held
its interest in the Primary Assets directly, received directly its share of the
amounts received with respect to the Primary Assets, and paid directly its share
of the Servicing Fees. In the case of Pass-Through Securities other than
Stripped Securities, such income will consist of a pro rata share of all of the
income derived from all of the Primary Assets and, in the case of Stripped
Securities, such income will consist of a pro rata share of the income derived
from each stripped bond or stripped coupon in which the Holder owns an interest.
The holder of a Pass-Through Security will generally be entitled to deduct such
Servicing Fees under Section 162 or Section 212 of the Code to the extent that
such Servicing Fees represent "reasonable" compensation for the services
rendered by the Trustee and the Master Servicer (or third parties that are
compensated for the performance of services). In the case of a noncorporate
holder, however, Servicing Fees (to the extent not otherwise disallowed, e.g.,
because they exceed reasonable compensation) will be deductible in computing
such holder's regular tax liability only to the extent that such fees, when
added to other miscellaneous itemized deductions, exceed 2% of adjusted gross
income and may not be deductible to any extent in computing such holder's
alternative minimum tax liability. In addition, the amount of itemized
deductions otherwise allowable for the taxable year for an individual whose
adjusted gross income exceeds the applicable amount (which amount will be
adjusted for inflation) will be reduced by the lesser of (i) 3% of the excess of
adjusted gross income over the applicable amount or (ii) 80% of the amount of
itemized deductions otherwise allowable for such taxable year.
Discount or Premium on Pass-Through Securities. The holder's purchase
price of a Pass-Through Security is to be allocated among the Primary Assets in
proportion to their fair market values, determined as of the time of purchase of
the Securities. In the typical case, the Trustee (to the extent necessary to
fulfill its reporting obligations) will treat each Primary Assets as having a
fair market value proportional to the share of the aggregated principal balances
of all of the Primary Assets that it represents, since the Securities, unless
otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, will have a relatively
uniform interest rate and other common characteristics. To the extent that the
portion of the purchase price of a Pass-Through Security allocated to a Primary
Assets (other than to a right to receive any accrued interest thereon and any
undistributed principal payments) is less than or greater than the portion of
the principal balance of the Primary Assets allocable to the Security, the
interest in the Primary Assets allocable to the Pass-Through Security will be
deemed to have been acquired at a discount or premium, respectively.
The treatment of any discount will depend on whether the discount
represents OID or market discount. In the case of a Primary Assets with OID in
excess of a prescribed de minimis amount or a Stripped Security, a holder of a
Security will be required to report as interest income in each taxable year its
share of the amount of OID that accrues during that year in the manner described
above. OID with respect to a Primary Assets could arise, for example, by virtue
of the financing of points by the originator of the Loan, or by virtue of the
charging of points by the originator of the Primary Assets in an amount greater
than a statutory de minimis exception, in circumstances under which the points
are not currently deductible pursuant to applicable Code provisions. Any market
discount or premium on a Loan will be includable in income, generally in the
manner described above, except that in the case of Pass-Through Securities,
market discount is calculated with respect to the Primary Assets underlying the
Certificate, rather than with respect to the Security. A Holder that acquires an
interest in a Loan originated after July 18, 1984 with more than a de minimis
amount of market discount (generally, the excess of the principal amount of the
Primary Assets over the purchaser's allocable purchase price) will be required
to include accrued market discount in income in the manner set forth above. See
"--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates; Market Discount" and
"--Premium" above.
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In the case of market discount on a Pass-Through Security attributable to
Primary Assets originated on or before July 18, 1984, the holder generally will
be required to allocate the portion of such discount that is allocable to a loan
among the principal payments on the Primary Assets and to include the discount
allocable to each principal payment in ordinary income at the time such
principal payment is made. Such treatment would generally result in discount
being included in income at a slower rate than discount would be required to be
included in income using the method described in the preceding paragraph.
Stripped Securities. A Stripped Security may represent a right to receive
only a portion of the interest payments on the Primary Assets, a right to
receive only principal payments on the Primary Assets, or a right to receive
certain payments of both interest and principal. Certain Stripped Securities
("Ratio Strip Securities") may represent a right to receive differing
percentages of both the interest and principal on the Primary Assets. Pursuant
to Section 1286 of the Code, the separation of ownership of the right to receive
some or all of the interest payments on an obligation from ownership of the
right to receive some or all of the principal payments results in the creation
of "stripped bonds" with respect to principal payments and "stripped coupons"
with respect to interest payments. Section 1286 of the Code applies the OID
rules to stripped bonds and stripped coupons. For purposes of computing original
issue discount, a stripped bond or a stripped coupon is treated as a debt
instrument issued on the date that such stripped interest is purchased with an
issue price equal to its purchase price or, if more than one stripped interest
is purchased, the ratable share of the purchase price allocable to such stripped
interest.
Servicing fees in excess of reasonable servicing fees ("excess servicing")
will be treated under the stripped bond rules. If the excess servicing fee is
less than 100 basis points (i.e., 1% interest on the Primary Assets principal
balance) or the Securities are initially sold with a de minimis discount
(assuming no prepayment assumption is required), any non-de minimis discount
arising from a subsequent transfer of the Securities should be treated as market
discount. The IRS appears to require that reasonable servicing fees be
calculated on a Primary Asset by Primary Asset basis, which could result in some
Primary Assets being treated as having more than 100 basis points of interest
stripped off.
The Code, OID Regulations and judicial decisions provide no direct
guidance as to how the interest and original issue discount rules are to apply
to Stripped Securities and other Pass-Through Securities. Under the method
described above for Pass-Through Securities (the "Cash Flow Bond Method"), a
prepayment assumption is used and periodic recalculations are made which take
into account with respect to each accrual period the effect of prepayments
during such period. However, the 1986 Act does not, absent Treasury regulations,
appear specifically to cover instruments such as the Stripped Securities which
technically represent ownership interests in the underlying Primary Assets,
rather than being debt instruments "secured by" those loans. Nevertheless, it is
believed that the Cash Flow Bond Method is a reasonable method of reporting
income for such Securities, and it is expected that OID will be reported on that
basis unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. In
applying the calculation to Pass-Through Securities, the Trustee will treat all
payments to be received by a holder with respect to the underlying Primary
Assets as payments on a single installment obligation. The IRS could, however,
assert that original issue discount must be calculated separately for each
Primary Asset underlying a Security.
Under certain circumstances, if the Primary Assets prepay at a rate faster
than the Prepayment Assumption, the use of the Cash Flow Bond Method may
accelerate a Holder's recognition of income. If, however, the Primary Assets
prepay at a rate slower than the Prepayment Assumption, in some circumstances
the use of this method may decelerate a Holder's recognition of income.
Character as Qualifying Loans. In the case of Stripped Securities, there
is no specific legal authority existing regarding whether the character of the
Securities, for federal income tax purposes, will be the same as the Loans. The
IRS could take the position that the Primary Assets' character is not
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carried over to the Securities in such circumstances. Pass-Through Securities
will be, and, although the matter is not free from doubt, Stripped Securities
should be considered to represent "real estate assets" within the meaning of
Section 856(c)(5)(B) of the Code and "loans secured by an interest in real
property" within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v) of the Code; and
interest income attributable to the Securities should be considered to represent
"interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests
in real property", within the meaning of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code.
Reserves or funds underlying the Securities may cause a proportionate reduction
in the above-described qualifying status categories of Securities.
Sale or Exchange
Subject to the discussion below with respect to a Trust as to which a
partnership election is made, a Holder's tax basis in its Security is the price
such holder pays for a Security, plus amounts of original issue or market
discount included in income and reduced by any payments received (other than
qualified stated interest payments) and any amortized premium. Gain or loss
recognized on a sale, exchange, or redemption of a Security, measured by the
difference between the amount realized and the Security's basis as so adjusted,
will generally be capital gain or loss, assuming that the Security is held as a
capital asset. In the case of a Security held by a bank, thrift, or similar
institution described in Section 582 of the Code, however, gain or loss realized
on the sale or exchange of a Security will be taxable as ordinary income or
loss. In addition, gain from the disposition of a Security that might otherwise
be capital gain will be treated as ordinary income to the extent of the excess,
if any, of (i) the amount that would have been includable in the holder's income
if the yield on such Security had equaled 110% of the applicable federal rate as
of the beginning of such holder's holding period, over the amount of ordinary
income actually recognized by the holder with respect to such Security. For
taxable years beginning after December 31, 1993, the maximum tax rate on
ordinary income for individual taxpayers is 39.6% and the maximum tax rate on
long-term capital gains reported after December 31, 1990 for such taxpayers is
28%. The maximum tax rate on both ordinary income and long-term capital gains of
corporate taxpayers is 35%. Tax rates for individuals were modified by the
Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997. See "--Sales of REMIC Certificates" herein.
Miscellaneous Tax Aspects
Backup Withholding. Subject to the discussion below with respect to a
Trust as to which a partnership election is made, a Holder, other than a holder
or a REMIC Residual Certificate, may, under certain circumstances, be subject to
"backup withholding" at a rate of 31% with respect to distributions or the
proceeds of a sale of certificates to or through brokers that represent interest
or original issue discount on the Securities. This withholding generally applies
if the holder of a Security (i) fails to furnish the Trustee with its taxpayer
identification number ("TIN"); (ii) furnishes the Trustee an incorrect TIN;
(iii) fails to report properly interest, dividends or other "reportable
payments" as defined in the Code; or (iv) under certain circumstances, fails to
provide the Trustee or such holder's securities broker with a certified
statement, signed under penalty of perjury, that the TIN provided is its correct
number and that the holder is not subject to backup withholding. Backup
withholding will not apply, however, with respect to certain payments made to
Holders, including payments to certain exempt recipients (such as exempt
organizations) and to certain Nonresidents (as defined below). Holders should
consult their tax advisers as to their qualification for exemption from backup
withholding and the procedure for obtaining the exemption. In addition,
prospective investors are strongly urged to consult their tax advisors with
respect to the New Withholding Regulations. See "--Backup Withholding with
Respect to REMIC Certificates" herein.
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The Trustee will report to the Holders and to the Master Servicer for each
calendar year the amount of any "reportable payments" during such year and the
amount of tax withheld, if any, with respect to payments on the Securities.
Tax Treatment of Foreign Investors
Subject to the discussion below with respect to a Trust as to which a
partnership election is made, under the Code, unless interest (including OID)
paid on a Security (other than a REMIC Residual Certificate) is considered to be
"effectively connected" with a trade or business conducted in the United States
by a nonresident alien individual, foreign partnership or foreign corporation
("Nonresidents"), such interest will normally qualify as portfolio interest
(except where (i) the recipient is a holder, directly or by attribution, of 10%
or more of the capital or profits interest in the issuer, or (ii) the recipient
is a controlled foreign corporation to which the issuer is a related person) and
will be exempt from federal income tax. Upon receipt of appropriate ownership
statements, the issuer normally will be relieved of obligations to withhold tax
from such interest payments. These provisions supersede the generally applicable
provisions of the United States law that would otherwise require the issuer to
withhold at a 30% rate (unless such rate were reduced or eliminated by an
applicable tax treaty) on, among other things, interest and other fixed or
determinable, annual or periodic income paid to Nonresidents. Holders of
Pass-Through Securities and Stripped Securities, including Ratio Strip
Securities, however, may be subject to withholding to the extent that the
Primary Assets were originated on or before July 18, 1984.
Interest and OID Holders who are foreign persons are not subject to
withholding if they are effectively connected with a United States business
conducted by the Holder. They will, however, generally be subject to the regular
United States income tax. In addition, prospective Foreign Investors are
strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the New
Withholding Regulations. See "--Backup Withholding with Respect to Certain REMIC
Certificates" herein.
STATE AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES
In addition to the federal income tax consequences described in "Federal
Income Tax Consequences," potential investors should consider the state and
local tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the
Certificates offered hereunder. State tax law may differ substantially from the
corresponding federal tax law, and the discussion above does not purport to
describe any aspect of the tax laws of any state or other jurisdiction.
Therefore, prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with
respect to the various tax consequences of investments in the certificates
offered hereunder.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"),
imposes certain fiduciary and prohibited transaction restrictions on employee
pension and welfare benefit plans subject to ERISA ("ERISA Plans"). Section 4975
of the Code imposes similar prohibited transaction restrictions on tax-qualified
retirement or annuity plans described in Section 401(a) or 403(a) of the Code
("Qualified Plans") and on individual retirement accounts ("IRAs") described in
Section 408 of the Code (collectively, "Tax-Favored Plans"). Generally, any
person who has discretionary authority or control respecting the management or
disposition of "plan assets" of any ERISA Plan or Tax-Favored Plan
(collectively, "Plans"), and any person who provides investment advice with
respect to such assets for a fee, is a fiduciary of the Plan involved.
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Any fiduciary or other Plan investor considering whether to purchase any
Certificates on behalf of or with "plan assets" of any Plan should consult with
its counsel and refer to the applicable Prospectus Supplement for guidance
regarding the ERISA considerations applicable to the Certificates offered
thereby.
Certain employee benefit plans, such as governmental plans (as defined in
Section 3(32) of ERISA) and certain church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of
ERISA), are not subject to the requirements of ERISA or Section 4975 of the
Code. Accordingly, assets of such plans may be invested in the Certificates
without regard to the ERISA considerations described herein and in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement, subject to the provisions of other applicable
federal and state law. However, any such plan that is a Qualified Plan and
exempt from taxation under Section 501(a) of the Code is subject to the
prohibited transaction rules set forth in Section 503(b) of the Code.
In addition to imposing general fiduciary requirements, including those of
investment prudence and diversification and the requirement that an ERISA Plan's
investments be made in accordance with the documents governing the Plan, Section
406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit a broad range of transactions
involving "plan assets" of Plans and persons (referred to as "parties in
interest" in ERISA or "disqualified persons" in Section 4975 of the Code) who
have certain specified relationships to the Plans, unless a statutory or
administrative exemption is available. Certain "parties in interest" (or
"disqualified persons") that participate in a prohibited transaction may be
subject to a penalty or an excise tax imposed pursuant to Section 502 of ERISA
or Section 4975 of the Code, unless a statutory or administrative exemption is
available.
Plan Asset Regulation
An investment of Plan Assets in Certificates may cause the Primary Assets
and other assets of the related Trust to be deemed "plan assets" of all Plans
involved. Section 2510.3-101 of the U.S. Department of Labor (the "DOL")
regulations (the "DOL Regulation") addresses whether a Plan's assets would be
deemed to include an interest in the underlying assets of an entity (such as a
Trust), for purposes of applying the general fiduciary responsibility provisions
of ERISA and the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and Section 4975 of
the Code, when a Plan acquires an "equity interest" (such as a Certificate) in
such entity. Because of the factual nature of certain of the rules set forth in
the DOL Regulation, the assets of a Plan which acquires Certificates of any
Class may be deemed to include merely its interest in the Certificates or both
such interest and an undivided interest in the assets of the related Trust. For
example, one of the exceptions in the DOL Regulation states that the underlying
assets of an entity (such as any Class of Certificates) will not be considered
to be "plan assets" if less than 25% of the value of each class of equity
interests (in such Class of Certificates) is held by "benefit plan investors,"
which are defined to include not only ERISA Plans and Tax-Favored Plans, but
also individual retirement accounts and other employee benefit plans not subject
to ERISA (such as governmental, foreign or church plans). This exception is
tested immediately after each acquisition of the equity interest in the entity
(or Certificates), whether upon initial issuance or in the secondary market.
Therefore, certain Classes of Certificates may not be acquired or transferred
unless the Trustee and the Depositor are furnished with a letter of
representation or an opinion of counsel to the effect that such an acquisition
or transfer will not result in a violation of the prohibited transaction
provisions of ERISA and the Code and will not subject the Trustee, the Depositor
or the Master Servicer to additional obligations. Therefore, it may not be
appropriate to use Plan Assets to acquire or hold Certificates in reliance upon
the availability of any exception under the DOL Regulation because of the
factual nature of these exceptions. For purposes of the sections of this
Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement headed "ERISA Considerations," the
terms "Plan Assets" and "assets of a Plan" have the meaning specified in the DOL
Regulation and include an undivided interest in the underlying assets of certain
entities in which a Plan invests.
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The prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406 of ERISA and Section
4975 of the Code may apply to a Trust and cause the Depositor, the Master
Servicer, any Subservicer, the Trustee, any Credit Provider and certain
affiliates thereof, to be considered or become "parties in interest" (or
"disqualified persons") with respect to the assets of any Plan that are invested
in Certificates issued by the Trust. If so, the acquisition or holding of
Certificates by or on behalf of a Plan or with Plan Assets could also give rise
to a prohibited transaction under ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code, unless a
statutory or administrative exemption is available. Certificates acquired by a
Plan would be assets of that Plan. Under the DOL Regulation, the Trust,
including the Primary Assets and other assets held in the Trust, may also be
deemed to be assets of each Plan that acquires Certificates. Special caution
should be exercised before Plan Assets are used to acquire a Certificate in such
circumstances, especially if, with respect to such Plan Assets, a Depositor, the
Master Servicer, a Subservicer, the Trustee, any Credit Provider or an affiliate
thereof either (1) has investment discretion with respect to the investment of
Plan Assets, or (2) has authority or responsibility to give (or regularly gives)
investment advice with respect to Plan Assets for a fee pursuant to an agreement
or understanding that such advice will serve as a primary basis for investment
decisions with respect thereto.
Any person who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the
management or disposition of the assets of a Plan, and any person who provides
investment advice with respect to such assets for a fee (in the manner described
above), is a fiduciary with respect to such Plan. If the Primary Assets and
other Trust assets were deemed to be Plan Assets, any party exercising
management or discretionary control regarding those assets may be deemed to be a
"fiduciary" with respect to all Plans involved and, therefore, subject to the
fiduciary requirements of ERISA and the prohibited transaction provisions of
ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code with respect to such Plans. In addition, if
the Primary Assets and other Trust assets were deemed to be Plan Assets, the
acquisition or holding of Certificates by or on behalf of a Plan or with Plan
Assets, as well as the normal operations of the Trust, may constitute or result
in a prohibited transaction under ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code.
Prohibited Transaction Exemptions
Underwriters' Exemptions. The DOL has issued individual exemptions (each,
an "Exemption"), to a large number of investment banking firms, broker-dealers
and banks or their affiliates (each, an "Underwriter"), which generally exempt
from the application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406 of
ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed on prohibited transactions pursuant to
Section 4975(a) and (b) of the Code, certain transactions (among others)
relating to the servicing and operation of mortgage pools and the purchase, sale
and holding of mortgage pass-through certificates issued by a trust as to which
an Underwriter to whom the DOL has issued an Exemption (or any of its
affiliates) is the sole underwriter or the manager or co-manager of the
underwriting syndicate, or a selling or placement agent, with respect to such
certificates, provided that certain conditions set forth in the applicable
Exemption are satisfied. The Prospectus Supplement for each Series will state
(in the section headed "ERISA Considerations") whether the DOL has issued an
Exemption to an Underwriter with respect to that Series and identify the Classes
of Certificates of that Series to which any such Exemption may apply.
General Conditions. Each Exemption sets forth six general conditions which
must be satisfied for a transaction involving the purchase, sale and holding of
Certificates to be eligible for exemptive relief thereunder. First, the
acquisition of Certificates with Plan Assets must be on terms that are at least
as favorable to the Plans involved as they would be in an arm's-length
transaction with an unrelated party. Second, an Exemption only applies to
Certificates evidencing rights and interests that are not subordinated to the
rights and interests evidenced by the other Certificates of the same Trust.
Third, the Certificates, at the time of their acquisition with Plan Assets, must
be rated in one of the three highest generic rating categories by S&P, Moody's,
D&P or Fitch. Fourth, the Trustee cannot be an affiliate of any member of the
"Restricted Group," which consists of any Underwriter, the Depositor, the Master
Servicer, any Subservicer and any Mortgagor with respect to Primary Assets
constituting more than 5% of
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the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the Primary Assets held in the
related Trust as of the date of initial issuance of the Certificates. Fifth, the
sum of all payments made to and retained by the Underwriters must represent not
more than reasonable compensation for underwriting or placing the Certificates;
the sum of all payments made to and retained by the Depositor pursuant to the
assignment of the Primary Assets and other Trust assets to the related Trust
must represent not more than the fair market value of such obligations; and the
sum of all payments made to and retained by the Master Servicer and any
Subservicers must represent not more than reasonable compensation for such
persons' services under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement and
reimbursement of such persons' reasonable expenses in connection therewith.
Sixth, each Exemption states that the investing Plan must be an accredited
investor as defined in Rule 501 (a) (1) of Regulation D of the Securities and
Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
A Plan fiduciary or other investor of Plan Assets contemplating purchasing
a Certificate must make its own determination that the general conditions
described above will be satisfied with respect to such Certificate.
If the general conditions of an applicable Exemption are satisfied, the
Exemption may provide exemptive relief from the restrictions imposed by Section
406(a) of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed by Section 4975 (a) and (b) by
reason of Section 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of the Code, in connection with the
direct or indirect sale, exchange, transfer, holding or the direct or indirect
acquisition or disposition in the secondary market of Certificates by a Plan or
with Plan Assets. However, no exemption is provided from the restrictions of
Section 406(a)(1)(E) and (2) of ERISA for the acquisition or holding of a
Certificate by or with Plan Assets of an Excluded Plan by any person who has
discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to Plan Assets
of such Excluded Plan. For purposes of the sections of this Prospectus and any
Prospectus Supplement headed "ERISA Considerations," the term "Excluded Plan"
means a Plan sponsored by any member of the Restricted Group.
Specific Conditions. If certain specific conditions of an applicable
Exemption are also satisfied, the Exemption may provide exemptive relief from
the restrictions imposed by Section 406(b)(1) and (2) of ERISA, and the excise
taxes imposed by Section 4975 (a) and (b) by reason of Section 4975(c)(1)(E) of
the Code, in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale, exchange or
transfer of Certificates, in the initial issuance of Certificates between a
Depositor or an Underwriter and an investor of Plan Assets, when the person who
has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the
investment of the relevant Plan Assets in the Certificates is a Mortgagor with
respect to 5% or less of the fair market value of the Primary Assets or other
assets held in the Trust (or an affiliate of such a person), and (2) the direct
or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary market and holding of
Certificates by a Plan or with Plan Assets.
Further, if certain specific conditions of an applicable Exemption are
satisfied, the Exemption may provide exemptive relief from the restrictions
imposed by Section 406(a) and (b) of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed by
Section 4975(a) and (b) by reason of Section 4975(c) of the Code, for
transactions in connection with the servicing, management and operation of the
Mortgage Pools. The Depositor expects that those specific conditions of an
applicable Exemption will be satisfied with respect to the Certificates so that
the Exemption would provide exemptive relief from those restrictions and excise
taxes for transactions in connection with the servicing, management and
operation of the Mortgage Pools, provided that the general conditions of the
Exemption are satisfied.
An applicable Exemption also may provide exemptive relief from the
restrictions imposed by Section 406(a) of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed by
Section 4975(a) and (b) by reason of Section 4975(e)(1)(A) through (D) of the
Code, if such restrictions are otherwise deemed to apply because a person is
deemed to be a "party in interest" (within the meaning of Section 3(14) of
ERISA) or a "disqualified person" (within the meaning of Section 4975(e) (2) of
the Code) with respect to a Plan by
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virtue of providing services to the Plan(s) involved, or by virtue of having
certain specified relationships to such a person, solely as a result of the
ownership of Certificates by a Plan or with Plan Assets.
Advance Determinations. Before purchasing any Class of Certificates of any
Series, a Plan fiduciary or other investor of Plan Assets should itself
determine that (1) the DOL has issued an Exemption to an Underwriter with
respect to that Series which will be disclosed in the related Prospectus
Supplement, (2) the Exemption applies to Certificates of that Class, (3) the
Certificates constitute "certificates" as defined in the Exemption, and (4) the
specific and general conditions and any other requirements set forth in the
Exemption would be satisfied. In addition to making its own determination as to
the availability of the exemptive relief provided by an applicable Exemption,
the Plan fiduciary or other investor of Plan Assets should consider its general
fiduciary obligations under ERISA in determining whether to purchase any
Certificates with Plan Assets, and should especially consider the ERISA
requirements of investment prudence and whether such a purchase is permitted
under the governing Plan instruments and is appropriate for the Plan in view of
its overall investment policy and the composition and diversification of its
portfolio.
Any Plan fiduciary or other investor of Plan Assets who proposes to
purchase Certificates with Plan Assets should consult with its counsel with
respect to the potential applicability of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code to
such investment and the availability of exemptive relief under an Exemption or
any other prohibited transaction exemption in connection therewith. Depending on
the relevant facts and circumstances, other prohibited transaction exemptions
may apply to the purchase, sale or holding of Certificates of any Series or
Class by a Plan, for example. Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption ("PTCE")
95-60, which exempts certain transactions between insurance company general
accounts and parties in interest; PTCE 91-38, which exempts certain transactions
between bank collective investment funds and parties in interest; PTCE 90-1,
which exempts certain transactions between insurance company pooled separate
accounts and parties in interest; or PTCE 84-14, which exempts certain
transactions effected on behalf of a plan by a "qualified professional asset
manager." In particular, in connection with a contemplated purchase of
Certificates representing a beneficial ownership interest in a pool of
single-family residential mortgage loans, any fiduciary or other Plan investor
should consider the availability of an Exemption or PTCE 83-1 for certain
transactions involving mortgage pool investment trusts. The Prospectus
Supplement for any Series of Certificates may contain additional information
regarding the application of an Exemption, PTCE 83-1 or any other prohibited
transaction exemption with respect to the Certificates offered thereby. However,
PTCE 83-1 does not provide exemptive relief with respect to Certificates
evidencing interests in Trusts which include Cooperative Loans, and there can be
no assurance that any of these exemptions will apply with respect to any Plan's
investment in any Certificates or, even if an exemption were deemed to apply,
that any exemption would apply to all prohibited transactions that may occur in
connection with such investment.
Tax Exempt Investors
A Plan that is exempt from federal income taxation pursuant to Section
501(a) of the Code (a "Tax Exempt Investor") nonetheless will be subject to
federal income taxation to the extent that its income is "unrelated business
taxable income" ("UBTI") (within the meaning of Section 512 of the Code). All
"excess inclusions" of a REMIC allocated to a REMIC Residual Certificate held by
a Tax-Exempt Investor will be considered UBTI and, therefore, will be subject to
federal income tax. See "Federal Income Tax Consequences--Taxation of Owners of
REMIC Residual Interests."
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Consultation With Counsel
Any Plan fiduciary or other investor of Plan Assets who proposes to
acquire or hold Certificates on behalf of or with Plan Assets of any Plan should
consult with its counsel with respect to the potential applicability of the
fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA and the prohibited transaction
provisions of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code to the proposed investment and
the availability of exemptive relief under an Exemption, such as PTCE 83-1 (for
a pool of single family residential mortgage loans) or any other prohibited
transaction exemption.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Certificates of each Series may be sold to or through Underwriters by
a negotiated firm commitment underwriting and public reoffering by the
Underwriters or such other underwriting arrangement as may be specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement or may be offered or placed either directly or
through agents. The Depositor intends that Certificates will be offered through
such various methods from time to time and that offerings may be made
concurrently through more than one of such methods or that an offering of a
particular Series of Certificates may be made through a combination of such
methods.
The distribution of Certificates may be effected from time to time in one
or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, or at
market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such
prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions or otherwise at varying
prices to be determined at the time of sale.
In connection with the sale of the Certificates, Underwriters or agents
may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions.
Underwriters may sell Certificates to certain dealers at prices less a
concession. Underwriters may allow and such dealers may reallow a concession to
certain other dealers. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the
distribution of the Certificates of a Series may be deemed to be underwriters
and any discounts or commissions received by them from the Depositor or the
related Trust and any profit on the resale of the Certificates by them may be
deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act of
1933. Any such Underwriters or agents will be identified, and any such
compensation received from the Depositor or the related Trust will be described,
in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Under agreements which may be entered into by the Depositor, Underwriters
and agents who participate in the distribution of the Certificates may be
entitled to indemnification by the Depositor against certain liabilities,
including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.
The Underwriters may, from time to time, buy and sell Certificates, but
there can be no assurance that an active secondary market will develop and there
is no assurance that any such market, if established, will continue.
RATINGS
Each Class of Certificates of a Series offered pursuant hereto will be
rated at their initial issuance in one of the four highest categories by at
least one Rating Agency.
A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities
and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning Rating
Agency. No person is obligated to maintain the rating on any Certificate, and,
accordingly, there can be no assurance that the ratings assigned to a
Certificate upon initial issuance will not be lowered or withdrawn by a Rating
Agency at any time
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thereafter. In general, ratings address credit risk and do not represent any
assessment of the likelihood or rate of principal prepayments.
LEGAL MATTERS
The legality of the Certificates of each Series and certain federal income
tax consequences of the issuance of the Certificates will be passed upon by
Morrison & Hecker, L.L.P., Brown & Wood LLP or other legal counsel, as specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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INDEX OF DEFINITIONS
Term Page
Accrual Certificates..........................................5, 42
Accrual Period................................................5, 42
Actuarial Primary Asset..........................................26
Advances.........................................................33
Available Payment Amount.........................................35
Balloon Loans....................................................16
balloon payment..................................................23
balloon payments..................................................8
Bankruptcy Bond..................................................12
Bankruptcy Loan..................................................25
Bankruptcy Plan..................................................25
Bay Colony.......................................................38
Block............................................................36
Book-Entry Certificates...................................6, 42, 57
Calculation Agent................................................43
Cash Collateral Account..........................................50
Cash Collateral Lender...........................................50
Cash Flow Bond Method............................................91
Cede..........................................................6, 42
CEDEL............................................................60
CEDEL Participants...............................................60
Certificate Insurance Policy.....................................49
Certificateholder................................................71
Certificates...................................................1, 4
Chase............................................................58
Cimarron.........................................................37
Citibank.........................................................58
Class..........................................................1, 4
Closing Date..................................................4, 74
Code.........................................................13, 71
COFI Certificates................................................44
Collection Account...............................................32
Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio.....................................25
Commission........................................................2
Committee Report.................................................76
Contingent Regulations...........................................75
Contract..........................................................1
Contract Loan Schedule...........................................30
Contributions Tax................................................85
Cooperative......................................................60
Cooperative Loans............................................22, 61
Correspondent Loans..............................................38
Credit Provider..................................................48
100
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Curtailments.....................................................46
Cut-off Date......................................................4
D&P..............................................................13
Defective Primary Asset..........................................31
Definitive Certificates..........................................59
Deposit Date.....................................................31
Depositaries.....................................................58
Depositor......................................................1, 4
Determination Date................................................5
disqualified organization........................................86
Distribution Account.............................................34
Distribution Date.............................................5, 35
DOL..............................................................94
DOL Regulation...................................................94
DTC.......................................................6, 42, 58
Due Period....................................................6, 46
Eleventh District................................................44
Eligible Account.................................................32
ERISA........................................................14, 93
ERISA Plans......................................................93
Euroclear........................................................60
Euroclear Operator...............................................60
Euroclear Participants...........................................60
Event of Nonpayment..............................................56
excess servicing.................................................91
Excess Spread....................................................50
Excluded Plan....................................................96
Exemption........................................................95
FHA...........................................................7, 22
FHLBSF...........................................................44
FHLMC............................................................54
Fitch............................................................13
FNMA.............................................................54
Form 8-K..........................................................9
Holder...........................................................89
Home Equity Loans.............................................7, 22
HRB Tax Services.................................................37
HRBMC............................................................37
Indirect Participants.....................................6, 42, 58
Insurance Proceeds...............................................46
Insurer..........................................................49
IRAs.............................................................93
IRS..............................................................75
Issue Premium....................................................80
Letter of Credit.................................................49
Letter of Credit Issuer..........................................49
Liquidated Primary Asset.........................................46
Liquidation Proceeds.............................................46
101
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Loan-to-Value Ratio..............................................25
lockout periods...............................................8, 23
Majority in Aggregate Voting Interest............................56
Manufactured Homes...............................................24
Mark-to-Market Regulations.......................................83
Master Servicer................................................1, 4
Master Servicer Termination Event................................56
Monthly Payments..................................................8
Moody's..........................................................13
Mortgage.........................................................22
Mortgage Note....................................................22
Mortgage Rate.....................................................7
Mortgaged Properties.............................................22
Mortgaged Property................................................8
Mortgagor........................................................18
National Cost of Funds Index.....................................45
NCS..............................................................37
Net Liquidation Proceeds.........................................46
New Withholding Regulations......................................88
NFI..............................................................37
NIV..............................................................39
Nonrecoverable Advances..........................................34
Nonresidents.....................................................93
Notional Principal Amount.........................................6
OID Regulations..............................................71, 75
Original Pool Principal Balance..................................22
OTS..............................................................45
Owners.......................................................42, 58
P&I Advance..................................................12, 33
Participants..............................................6, 42, 58
Pass-Through Rate.............................................4, 41
Pass-Through Securities..........................................89
Percentage Interest...........................................6, 42
Permitted Investments............................................32
Plan.............................................................21
Plan Assets......................................................94
Plans............................................................93
Pool Insurance Policy........................................12, 49
Pool Insurer.....................................................49
Pool Principal Balance...........................................48
Pooling and Servicing Agreement..................................28
Prefunding Account............................................9, 31
Prepayment Assumption............................................73
Prepayment Period................................................46
Primary Asset Underwriter........................................38
Primary Assets.................................................1, 7
Prime Rate.......................................................46
Principal Prepayments............................................46
102
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Prohibited Transactions Tax......................................85
PTCE.............................................................97
Qualified Plans..................................................93
Rating Agency....................................................13
Ratio Strip Securities...........................................91
Realized Losses..................................................35
Record Date.......................................................5
Reference Banks..................................................43
Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds.............................46
Relief Act.......................................................20
REMIC.........................................................2, 13
REMIC Certificates...............................................71
REMIC Provisions.................................................71
REMIC Regular Certificates.......................................72
REMIC Regulations................................................71
REMIC Residual Certificates......................................72
REO Property.....................................................25
Reserve Account..............................................11, 50
Reserve Interest Rate............................................43
Restricted Group.................................................95
Retail Loans.....................................................38
RICO.............................................................67
Riegle Act...................................................19, 66
Rule of 78s Primary Asset........................................26
Rules............................................................59
S&P..............................................................13
Securities.......................................................89
Seller.....................................................1, 4, 36
Senior Certificates..............................................50
Senior Liens.....................................................16
Series............................................................1
Servicer.........................................................40
Servicing Advances...............................................33
Servicing Fee............................................13, 52, 90
Simple Interest Primary Asset....................................26
Single Family Loan................................................1
SMMEA........................................................14, 70
Special Hazard Policy........................................12, 49
Spread Account...................................................50
Stripped Securities..............................................89
Subordinated Certificates........................................50
Subservicer......................................................54
Subservicing Agreements..........................................54
Substitution Adjustment..........................................32
Successor Master Servicer........................................57
Tax Counsel..................................................71, 72
Tax Exempt Investor..............................................97
Tax-Favored Plans................................................93
103
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Terms and Conditions.............................................60
thrift institutions..............................................82
Tiered REMICs....................................................73
TIN..............................................................92
Title I Loans....................................................24
Title I Program..................................................24
Title V..........................................................66
Trust.............................................................1
Trust Assets..............................................1, 22, 29
Trustee.......................................................4, 28
UBTI.............................................................97
Underwriter......................................................95
United States person.............................................89
VA............................................................7, 22
Wholesale Loans..................................................38
Yield Supplement Account.........................................50
104
