File Nos. 333-17391 AND 811-07959
Preliminary Prospectus dated January , 1997
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission but has not yet become effective. Information
contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not
be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration
statement becomes effective. This prospectus shall not constitute an offer to
sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these
securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would
be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of
any such jurisdiction.
InformationTech 100(R) Fund
160 Sansome Street
San Francisco, CA 94104
(415) 705-7777
The InformationTech 100(R) Fund (the "Fund") is a mutual fund that
seeks capital appreciation by investing in the 100 stocks that make up the
InformationWeek 100 Index (the "Index"). The Index was created by Bay Isle
Financial Corporation (the "Advisor"), the investment advisor to the Fund. See
"Investment Objectives and Policies." There can be no assurance that the Fund
will achieve its investment objective.
This Prospectus sets forth basic information about the Fund that
prospective investors should know before investing. It should be read and
retained for future reference. The Fund is a separate series of Advisors Series
Trust (the "Trust"), an open-end registered management investment company. A
Statement of Additional Information dated , 1997, as may be amended from time to
time, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is
incorporated herein by reference. This Statement of Additional Information is
available without charge upon request to the Fund at the address or telephone
number given above.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and
Exchange Commission or any state securities commission nor has the Securities
and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission passed upon the
accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Prospectus dated , 1997
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Expense Table............................... 2
Investment Objective and Policies........... 3
Management of the Fund...................... 6
Investor Guide.............................. 8
Services Available to Shareholders.......... 11
How to Redeem Your Shares................... 12
Distributions and Taxes..................... 16
General Information ........................ 17
EXPENSE TABLE
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Expenses are one of several factors to consider when investing in the Fund. There are two types of expenses involved: shareholder
transaction expenses, such as sales loads, and annual operating expenses, such as investment advisory fees.
Shareholder Transaction Expenses
<S> <C>
Maximum Sales Load Imposed on Purchases................................................. None
Maximum Sales Load Imposed on Reinvested Dividends...................................... None
Deferred Sales Load..................................................................... None
Redemption Fees (as a percentage of amount redeemed in six months)...................... 1%
Annual Operating Expenses
(As a percentage of average net assets)
Investment Advisory Fees..................................................................... 0.95%
12b-1 Fees................................................................................... None
Other Expenses............................................................................... 0.55%
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Total Operating Expenses (estimated for the current fiscal year)............................. 1.50%
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The purpose of the above table is to provide an understanding of the various
expenses which may be borne directly or indirectly by an investment in the Fund.
Actual expenses may be more or less than those shown. A fee of 1% (paid to the
Fund) is imposed on shares redeemed if the shares have been held for less than
six months. See "How to Redeem Your Shares." The Fund's total operating expenses
are not expected to exceed 1.50% of average net assets annually, but in the
event that they do, the Advisor has agreed to reduce its fees to insure that the
expenses for the Fund will not exceed 1.50%. If the Advisor did not limit the
Fund's expenses, it is expected that total operating expenses would be 2.25%. If
the Advisor does waive any of its fees, the Fund may reimburse the Advisor in
future years. See "Management of the Fund." Example This table illustrates the
net operating expenses that would be incurred by an investment in the Fund over
different time periods assuming a $1,000 investment, a 5% annual return, and
redemption at the end of each time period.
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1 Year 3 Years
$ 15 $ 47
The Example shown above should not be considered a representation of past or
future expenses and actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. In
addition, federal regulations require the Example to assume a 5% annual return,
but the Fund's actual return may be higher or lower. See "Management of the
Fund."
The minimum initial investment in the Fund is $5,000, with subsequent minimum
investments of $1,000 or more ($2,000 and $500, respectively, for retirement
plans). Shares will be redeemed at their net asset value.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
What is the Fund's investment objective?
The investment objective of the Fund is capital appreciation which it attempts
to achieve by investing in the 100 stocks that make up the InformationWeek 100
Index (the "Index").
What is the Information Week(R) 100 Index?
The Index is designed to provide technology investors with an effective way to
measure the growth and performance of information technology's impact on North
American businesses. It consists of the common stocks of 100 companies
representing a mix of information technology (e.g., software, hardware,
Internet-related, networking, services, communications) which supports and fuels
North American business. Products from the information technology sector are
used by businesses to cut costs, boost productivity, serve as an agent of
competition, and themselves create new products and services. The Index excludes
biotechnology, medical, consumer electronics and software, and similar companies
often included in broader technology indices. Specific subsectors include, but
are not limited to,
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communications, networking, software, hardware and semi-conductor companies. The
Index is an equal-weighted index whose value, by convention, has been set to
100.00 as of the close of trading on March 1, 1995. The Index is rebalanced to
an equal weighting per company after the close of trading on the third Friday of
each December. (Because the Index is equal-weighted, after rebalancing each
stock in the Index represents approximately one percent of the Index.) On the
date the Index is rebalanced, the Advisor will review the 100 companies to
determine if each is still appropriate for the portfolio of the Fund.
The Advisor requires each security in the Index and the Fund to be listed on a
national securities exchange or the NASDAQ national market system, and be issued
by a company with total equity market capitalization in excess of $250 million
which, in the Advisor's opinion, is in sound financial and operational
condition. If, during the year, a company goes out of business, merges with
another company, falls below $150 million in total equity market capitalization,
or its securities are otherwise judged by the Advisor no longer to be suitable
for inclusion in the Index, the Advisor may delete the security from both the
Index and the Fund's portfolio and add another to both in its place.
The Fund considers transaction costs.
Normally, the Fund buys and sells stocks in order to match the composition of
the Index. (This means that the Advisor does not select securities for the
Fund's portfolio primarily based on traditional economic, financial and market
analyses.) However, to reduce
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transaction costs, the Fund will not normally buy odd lots of securities and it
may, if desirable, purchase or sell securities in blocks. It may also not invest
new cash received every day. These policies may cause a particular stock to be
over- or under-weighted in the Fund relative to its Index weighting, thereby
reducing the correlation between the Fund and the Index. However, in view of the
large number of stocks in the Index, the Advisor does not believe these
potential deviations will significantly affect the Fund's ability to track the
performance of the Index. The Advisor does not expect the Fund's annual turnover
rate to exceed 50%.
There is, of course, no assurance that the Fund's objective will be achieved.
Because prices of common stocks and other securities fluctuate, the value of an
investment in the Fund will vary as the market value of its investment portfolio
changes.
Other securities the Fund might purchase.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its total
assets in the common stocks that comprise the Index. However, the Fund will
normally maintain a reasonable position in high quality, short-term debt
securities and money market instruments to meet redemption requests and other
needs for liquid assets. If the Advisor believes that market conditions, such as
extreme market volatility, warrant a temporary defensive posture, the Fund may
invest without limit in high quality, short-term debt securities and money
market instruments. These short-term debt securities and money market
instruments include commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers'
acceptances, U.S. Government securities
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and repurchase agreements. The Fund may also purchase securities convertible
into the common stocks comprising the Index, as well as warrants and rights to
purchase these stocks. In addition, the Fund may invest in options on stocks and
stock indices.
Lending securities.
To increase its income, the Fund may lend securities from its portfolio to
brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. No more than one-third of the
Fund's total assets may be represented by loaned securities. The Fund's loans of
portfolio securities will be collateralized at all times by high quality liquid
securities equal in value to the securities loaned.
Foreign securities.
The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers, including Depositary
Receipts with respect to securities of foreign issuers, if they are included in
the Index. There is no limit on investment in foreign securities which are
listed on a national securities exchange, but investments in other foreign
securities are not expected to exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets.
Investment restrictions.
The Fund has adopted certain investment restrictions, which are described fully
in the Statement of Additional Information. Like the Fund's investment
objective, certain of these restrictions are fundamental and may be changed only
by a majority vote of the Fund's outstanding shares. As a fundamental policy,
the Fund is diversified, which means that as to 75% of its total assets, no more
than 5% may be invested in the securities of a single issuer and that no more
than
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10% of its total assets may be invested in the voting securities of such issuer.
The Fund may borrow money, but only for temporary purposes or to meet redemption
requests, and up to 10% of its total assets.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
The Board of Trustees of the Trust establishes the Fund's policies and
supervises and reviews the management of the Fund.
The Advisor.
The Fund's Advisor, Bay Isle Financial Corporation, 160 Sansome Street, 17th
Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, has been in the investment advisory business
since 1987. The Advisor has not previously managed a mutual fund, but it
provides investment advisory services to individual and institutional accounts
with an aggregate value in excess of $250 million. William F. K. Schaff, CFA, a
co-founder, Chief Investment Officer and controlling person of the Advisor, is
principally responsible for the management of the Fund's portfolio.
The Advisor provides the Fund with advice on buying and selling securities,
manages the investments of the Fund, furnishes the Fund with office space and
certain administrative services, and provides most of the personnel needed by
the Fund. As compensation, the Fund pays the Advisor a monthly management fee
based upon the average daily net assets of the Fund at the annual rate of 0.95%.
The Advisor will donate 10% of its fees it collects from the Fund to charities
qualifying under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the
("Code"). However, the Advisor will not make any donations while it is
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waiving any part of its fees or reimbursing the Fund for expenses in excess of
the 1.50% limit.
The Administrator.
Investment Company Administration Corporation (the "Administrator") prepares
various federal and state regulatory filings, reports and returns for the Fund,
prepares reports and materials to be supplied to the trustees, monitors the
activities of the Fund's custodian, shareholder servicing agent and accountants,
and coordinates the preparation and payment of Fund expenses and reviews the
Fund's expense accruals. For its services, the Administrator receives a monthly
fee at the rate annual rate of 0.25%, subject to a $30,000 annual minimum.
Other operating expenses.
The Fund is responsible for its own operating expenses, including but not
limited to, the advisory and administration fees, custody and shareholder
servicing agent fees, legal and auditing expenses, federal and state
registration fees, and fees to the Trust's disinterested trustees. The Advisor
may reduce its fees or reimburse the Fund for expenses at any time in order to
reduce the Fund's expenses. Reductions made by the Advisor in its fees or
payments or reimbursements of expenses which are the Fund's obligation are
subject to reimbursement by the Fund provided the Fund is able to do so and
remain in compliance with any applicable expense limitations.
Brokerage transactions.
The Advisor considers a number of factors
in determining which brokers or dealers to use for the Fund's portfolio
transactions. While these are more fully discussed in the Statement of
Additional Information, the factors include, but are not limited to,
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the
reasonableness of commissions, quality of services and execution, and the
availability of research which the Advisor may lawfully and appropriately use in
its investment advisory capacities. Provided the Fund receives prompt execution
at competitive prices, the Advisor may also consider the sale of Fund shares as
a factor in selecting broker-dealers for the Fund's portfolio transactions.
INVESTOR GUIDE
How to purchase shares of the Fund.
There are two ways to purchase shares of the Fund. Both of them require you to
complete an Application Form, which accompanies this Prospectus. If you have
questions about how to invest, or about how to complete the Application Form,
please call an account representative at (800) 000-0000.
You may send money to the Fund by mail.
If you wish to invest by mail, simply complete the Application Form and mail it
with a check (made payable to the InformationTech 100(R) Fund) to the Fund's
Shareholder Servicing Agent: InformationTech 100 Fund P.O. Box 000 Cincinnati,
OH 45264-0856
You may wire money to the Fund.
Before sending a wire, you should call the Fund at (800) 000-0000 between 9:00
a.m. and 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on a day when the New York Stock Exchange
("NYSE") is open for trading, in order to receive an account number. It is
important to call and receive this account number, because if your wire is sent
without it or without the name of the Fund, there may be a delay in investing
the money you wire. You should then ask your bank to wire money to:
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Star Bank, N.A. Cinti/Trust
ABA # 0420-0001-3
for credit to InformationTech 100 Fund
DDA #
for further credit to [your name and account#]
Your bank may charge you a fee for sending a wire to the Fund.
Minimum investments.
The minimum initial investment in the Fund is $5,000. The minimum subsequent
investment is $1,000. However, if you are starting a Check-A-Matic Investing
Plan (see below), the minimum initial investment is $2,000. If you are investing
in an Individual Retirement Account ("IRA"), the minimum initial and subsequent
investments are $2,000 and $500, respectively.
Subsequent investments.
You may purchase additional shares of the Fund by sending a check, with the stub
from an account statement, to the Fund at the address above. Please also write
your account number on the check. (If you do not have a stub from an account
statement, you can write your name, address and account number on a separate
piece of paper and enclose it with your check.) If you want to send additional
money for investment by wire, it is important for you to call the Fund at (800)
000-0000.
When is money invested in the Fund?
Any money received for investment in the Fund, whether sent by check or by wire,
is invested at the net asset value of the Fund which is next calculated after
the money is received (assuming the check or wire correctly identifies the Fund
and account). The
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net asset value is calculated at the close of regular trading of the NYSE,
currently 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. A check or wire received after the NYSE
closes is invested as of the next calculation of the Fund's net asset value.
What is the net asset value of the Fund?
The Fund's net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the value of the
Fund's total assets, less its liabilities, by the number of its shares
outstanding. In calculating the net asset value, portfolio securities are valued
using current market values, if available. Securities for which market
quotations are not readily available are valued at fair values determined in
good faith by or under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
The fair value of short-term obligations with remaining maturities of 60 days or
less is considered to be their amortized cost.
Other information.
First Fund Distributors, Inc., 4455 E. Camelback Road,
Suite 261E, Phoenix, AZ 85018, an affiliate of the Administrator, is the
principal underwriter ("Distributor") of the Fund's shares. The Distributor may
waive the minimum investment requirements for purchases by certain group or
retirement plans. All investments must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must
be drawn on U.S. banks. Third party checks will not be accepted. A charge may be
imposed if any check used for investment does not clear. The Fund and the
Distributor reserve the right to reject any investment, in whole or in part.
Federal tax law requires that investors provide a certified taxpayer
identification number and other certifications on opening an account in order to
avoid backup
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withholding of taxes. See the Application Form for more information about backup
withholding. The Fund is not required to issue share certificates; all shares
are normally held in non-certificated form on the books of the Fund, for the
account of the shareholder.
SERVICES AVAILABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS
Retirement Plans.
You may obtain a prototype IRA plan from the Fund. Shares of the Fund are also
eligible investments for other types of retirement plan.
Automatic investing by check.
You may make regular monthly investments in the Fund using the "Check-A-Matic
Plan." A check is automatically drawn on your personal checking account each
month for a predetermined amount (but not less than $50), as if you had written
it directly. Upon receipt of the withdrawn funds, the Fund automatically invests
the money in additional shares of the Fund at the current net asset value.
Applications for this service are available from the Fund. There is no charge by
the Fund for this service. The Fund may terminate or modify this privilege at
any time, and shareholders may terminate their participation by notifying the
Shareholder Servicing Agent in writing, sufficiently in advance of the next
withdrawal.
Automatic withdrawals.
The Fund offers a Systematic Withdrawal Program whereby shareholders may request
that a check drawn in a predetermined amount be sent to them each month or
calendar quarter. To start this Program, your account must have Fund shares with
a value of at least $10,000, and the minimum amount that may be
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withdrawn each month or quarter is $50. The Program may be terminated or
modified by a shareholder or the Fund at any time without charge or penalty. A
withdrawal under the Systematic Withdrawal Program involves a redemption of
shares of the Fund, and may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax
purposes. In addition, if the amount withdrawn exceeds the dividends credited to
your account, the account ultimately may be depleted.
HOW TO REDEEM YOUR SHARES
You have the right to redeem all or any portion of your shares of the Fund at
their net asset value on each day the NYSE is open for trading.
Redemption in writing.
You may redeem your shares by simply sending a written request to the Fund. You
should give your account number and state whether you want all or part of your
shares redeemed. The letter should be signed by all of the shareholders whose
names appear in the account registration. You should send your redemption
request to: InformationTech 100 Fund 24 West Carver Street, 2nd Floor
Huntington, NY 11743
Signature guarantee.
If the value of the shares you wish to redeem exceeds
$5,000, the signatures on the redemption request must be guaranteed by an
"eligible guarantor institution." These institutions include banks,
broker-dealers, credit unions and savings institutions. A broker-dealer
guaranteeing a signature must be a member of a clearing corporation or maintain
net capital of at least $100,000. Credit unions must be authorized to issue
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signature guarantees. Signature guarantees will be accepted from any eligible
guarantor institution which participates in a signature guarantee program. A
notary public is not an acceptable guarantor.
Redemption by telephone.
If you complete the Redemption by Telephone portion of the Fund's Application
Form, you may redeem shares on any business day the NYSE is open by calling the
Fund's Shareholder Servicing Agent at (800) 000-0000 before 4:00 p.m. Eastern
time. Redemption proceeds will be mailed or wired, at your direction, on the
next business day to the bank account you designated on the Application Form.
The minimum amount that may be wired is $1,000 (wire charges, if any, will be
deducted from redemption proceeds). Telephone redemptions cannot be made for IRA
accounts.
By establishing telephone redemption privileges, you authorize the Fund and its
Shareholder Servicing Agent to act upon the instruction of any person who makes
the telephone call to redeem shares from your account and transfer the proceeds
to the bank account designated in the Application Form. The Fund and the
Shareholder Servicing Agent will use procedures to confirm that redemption
instructions received by telephone are genuine, including recording of telephone
instructions and requiring a form of personal identification before acting on
these instructions. If these normal identification procedures are followed,
neither the Fund nor the Shareholder Servicing Agent will be liable for any
loss, liability, or cost which results from acting upon instructions of a person
believed to be a shareholder with respect to the
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telephone redemption privilege. The Fund may change, modify, or terminate these
privileges at any time upon at least 60-days' notice to shareholders.
You may request telephone redemption privileges after your account is opened;
however, the authorization form will require a separate signature guarantee.
Shareholders may experience delays in exercising telephone redemption privileges
during periods of abnormal market activity.
What price is used for a redemption?
The redemption price is the net asset value of the Fund's shares, next
determined after shares are validly tendered for redemption. All signatures of
account holders must be included in the request, and a signature guarantee, if
required, must also be included for the request to be valid.
When are redemption payments made?
As noted above, redemption payments for telephone redemptions are sent on the
day after the telephone call is received. Payments for redemptions sent in
writing are normally made promptly, but no later than seven days after the
receipt of a valid request. However, the Fund may suspend the right of
redemption under certain extraordinary circumstances in accordance with rules of
the Securities and Exchange Commission.
If shares were purchased by wire, they cannot be redeemed until the day after
the Application Form is received. If shares were purchased by check and then
redeemed shortly after the check is received, the Fund may delay sending the
redemption proceeds until it has been notified that the check used to purchase
the shares has been collected, a process which may take up to 15 days. This
delay can be avoided by investing
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by wire or by using a certified or official bank check to make the purchase.
Redemption Fee
The Fund is intended as a long-term investment, not as a short-term trading
vehicle. In order to prevent excessive brokerage costs, a one percent redemption
fee, paid to the Fund, will be deducted from the proceeds of any redemption of
shares held less than six months. This fee will not be charged to retirement
plan accounts or in the case of redemptions resulting from the death of the
shareholder.
Other information about redemptions.
A redemption may result in recognition of a gain or loss for federal income tax
purposes. Due to the relatively high cost of maintaining smaller accounts, the
shares in your account (unless it is a retirement plan or Uniform Gifts or
Transfers to Minors Act account) may be redeemed by the Fund if, due to
redemptions you have made, the total value of your account is reduced to less
than $500. If the Fund determines to make such an involuntary redemption, you
will first be notified that the value of your account is less than $500, and you
will be allowed 30 days to make an additional investment to bring the value of
your account to at least $500 before the Fund takes any action.
DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
Dividends and other distributions.
Dividends from net investment income, if any, are normally declared and paid by
the Fund in December. Capital gains distributions, if any, are also normally
made in December, but the Fund may make an additional payment of dividends or
distributions if it
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deems it desirable at another time during any year.
Dividends and capital gain distributions (net of any required tax withholding)
are automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund at the net asset
value per share on the reinvestment date unless you have previously requested in
writing to the Shareholder Servicing Agent that payment be made in cash.
Any dividend or distribution paid by the Fund has the effect of reducing the net
asset value per share on the record date by the amount of the dividend or
distribution. You should note that a dividend or distribution paid on shares
purchased shortly before that dividend or distribution was declared will be
subject to income taxes even though the dividend or distribution represents, in
substance, a partial return of capital to you.
Taxes
The Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a regulated investment
company under Subchapter M of the Code. As long as the Fund continues to
qualify, and as long as the Fund distributes all of its income each year to the
shareholders, the Fund will not be subject to any federal income or excise
taxes. Distributions made by the Fund will be taxable to shareholders whether
received in shares (through dividend reinvestment ) or in cash. Distributions
derived from net investment income, including net short-term capital gains, are
taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. A portion of these distributions may
qualify for the intercorporate dividends-received deduction. Distributions
designated as capital gains dividends are taxable as long-term capital gains
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regardless of the length of time shares of the Fund have been held. Although
distributions are generally taxable when received, certain distributions made in
January are taxable as if received the prior December. You will be informed
annually of the amount and nature of the Fund's distributions. Additional
information about taxes is set forth in the Statement of Additional Information.
You should consult your own advisers concerning federal, state and local
taxation of distributions from the Fund.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Trust.
The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on October 3, 1996. The
Agreement and Declaration of Trust permits the Board of Trustees to issue an
unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, without
par value, which may be issued in any number of series. The Board of Trustees
may from time to time issue other series, the assets and liabilities of which
will be separate and distinct from any other series. The fiscal year of the Fund
ends on November 30.
Shareholder Rights
Shares issued by the Fund have no preemptive, conversion, or subscription
rights. Shareholders have equal and exclusive rights as to dividends and
distributions as declared by the Fund and to the net assets of the Fund upon
liquidation or dissolution. The Fund, as a separate series of the Trust, votes
separately on matters affecting only the Fund (e.g., approval of the Investment
Advisory Agreement); all series of the Trust vote as a single class on matters
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affecting all series jointly or the Trust as a whole (e.g., election or removal
of Trustees). Voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than
50% of the shares voting in any election of Trustees can, if they so choose,
elect all of the Trustees. While the Trust is not required and does not intend
to hold annual meetings of shareholders, such meetings may be called by the
Trustees in their discretion, or upon demand by the holders of 10% or more of
the outstanding shares of the Trust for the purpose of electing or removing
Trustees.
Performance Information.
From time to time, the Fund may publish its total return in advertisements and
communications to investors. Total return information will include the Fund's
average annual compounded rate of return over the most recent four calendar
quarters and over the period from the Fund's inception of operations. The Fund
may also advertise aggregate and average total return information over different
periods of time. The Fund's total return will be based upon the value of the
shares acquired through a hypothetical $1,000 investment at the beginning of the
specified period and the net asset value of those shares at the end of the
period, assuming reinvestment of all distributions. Total return figures will
reflect all recurring charges against Fund income. You should note that the
investment results of the Fund will fluctuate over time, and any presentation of
the Fund's total return for any prior period should not be considered as a
representation of what an investor's total return may be in any future period.
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Shareholder Inquiries.
Shareholder inquiries should be directed to the Shareholder Servicing Agent at
(800) 000-0000.
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Subject to Completion. Preliminary Statement of Additional Information dated
January , 1997
Information contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. A
registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. These securities may not be sold nor may any
offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes
effective. This Statement of Additional Information does not constitute a
prospectus.
INFORMATIONTECH 100(R) FUND
Statement of Additional Information
Dated , 1997
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus, and it should be
read in conjunction with the prospectus dated , 1997, as may be amended from
time to time, of the InformationTech 100(R) Fund (the "Fund"), a series of
Advisors Series Trust (the "Trust"). Bay Isle Financial Corporation (the
"Advisor") is the Advisor to the Fund. A copy of the prospectus may be obtained
from the Fund at [address], telephone [telephone number].
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Cross-reference to sections
Page in the prospectus
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Investment Objective and Policies.................... B-4 The Fund at a Glance; The Fund in
Detail
Management........................................... B-12 Management of the Fund
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage................. B-14 Management of the Fund
Net Asset Value...................................... B-15 Investor Guide
Taxation ........................................... B-16 Distributions and Taxes
Dividends and Distributions.......................... B-18 Distributions and Taxes
Performance Information.............................. B-18 General Information
General Information.................................. B-19 General Information
Appendix ........................................... B-20 Not applicable
Statement of Assets and Liabilities..................
Notes to Statement of Assets and Liabilities.........
</TABLE>
B-1
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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
The investment objective of the Fund is capital appreciation which it
attempts to achieve by investing in the 100 stocks that make up the
InformationWeek 100 Index (the "Index"). There is no assurance that the Fund
will achieve its objective. The discussion below supplements information
contained in the prospectus as to investment policies of the Fund.
Convertible Securities and Warrants
The Fund may invest in convertible securities and warrants. A
convertible security is a fixed income security (a debt instrument or a
preferred stock) which may be converted at a stated price within a specified
period of time into a certain quantity of the common stock of the same or a
different issuer. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an
issuer's capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar
non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed income stream (generally
higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that
afforded by a similar nonconvertible security), a convertible security also
affords an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to
participate in the capital appreciation attendant upon a market price advance in
the convertible security's underlying common stock.
A warrant gives the holder a right to purchase at any time during a
specified period a predetermined number of shares of common stock at a fixed
price. Unlike convertible debt securities or preferred stock, warrants do not
pay a fixed dividend. Investments in warrants involve certain risks, including
the possible lack of a liquid market for resale of the warrants, potential price
fluctuations as a result of speculation or other factors, and failure of the
price of the underlying security to reach or have reasonable prospects of
reaching a level at which the warrant can be prudently exercised (in which event
the warrant may expire without being exercised, resulting in a loss of the
Fund's entire investment therein).
Other Corporate Debt Securities
The Fund may invest in non-convertible debt securities of foreign and
domestic companies over a cross-section of industries. The debt securities in
which the Fund may invest will be of varying maturities and may include
corporate bonds, debentures, notes and other similar corporate debt instruments.
The value of a longer-term debt security fluctuates more widely in response to
changes in interest rates than do shorter-term debt securities.
Risks of Investing in Debt Securities
There are a number of risks generally associated with an investment in
debt securities (including convertible securities). Yields on short-,
intermediate-, and long-term securities depend on a variety of factors,
including the general condition of the money and bond markets, the size of a
particular offering, the maturity of the obligation, and the rating of the
issue.
Debt securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields
and are generally subject to potentially greater capital appreciation and
depreciation than obligations with short maturities and lower yields. The market
prices of debt securities usually vary, depending upon available yields. An
increase in interest rates will generally reduce the value of such portfolio
investments, and a decline in interest rates will generally increase the value
of such portfolio investments. The ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective also depends on the continuing ability of the issuers of the debt
securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment
of interest and principal when due.
Risks of Investing in Lower-Rated Debt Securities
As set forth in the prospectus, the Fund may invest a portion of its
net assets in convertible debt securities, which may be rated below "Baa" by
Moody's Investors Services, Inc. ("Moody's") or "BBB" by Standard & Poor's
Corporation ("S&P") or below investment grade by other recognized rating
agencies, or in unrated securities of comparable quality under certain
circumstances. Securities with ratings below "Baa" and/or "BBB" are commonly
referred to as "junk bonds." Such bonds are subject to greater market
fluctuations and risk of loss of income and principal than higher rated bonds
for a variety of reasons, including the following:
Sensitivity to Interest Rate and Economic Changes. The economy and
interest rates affect high yield securities differently from other securities.
For example, the prices of high yield bonds have been found to be less
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sensitive to interest rate changes than higher-rated investments, but more
sensitive to adverse economic changes or individual corporate developments.
Also, during an economic downturn or substantial period of rising interest
rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress which would
adversely affect their ability to service their principal and interest
obligations, to meet projected business goals, and to obtain additional
financing. If the issuer of a bond defaults, the Fund may incur additional
expenses to seek recovery. In addition, periods of economic uncertainty and
changes can be expected to result in increased volatility of market prices of
high yield bonds and the Fund's asset values.
Payment Expectations. High yield bonds present certain risks based on
payment expectations. For example, high yield bonds may contain redemption and
call provisions. If an issuer exercises these provisions in a declining interest
rate market, the Fund would have to replace the security with a lower yielding
security, resulting in a decreased return for investors. Conversely, a high
yield bond's value will decrease in a rising interest rate market, as will the
value of the Fund's assets. If the Fund experiences unexpected net redemptions,
it may be forced to sell its high yield bonds without regard to their investment
merits, thereby decreasing the asset base upon which the Fund's expenses can be
spread and possibly reducing the Fund's rate of return.
Liquidity and Valuation. To the extent that there is no established
retail secondary market, there may be thin trading of high yield bonds, and this
may impact the Advisor's ability to accurately value high yield bonds and the
Fund's assets and hinder the Fund's ability to dispose of the bonds. Adverse
publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental
analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of high yield bonds, especially
in a thinly traded market.
Credit Ratings. Credit ratings evaluate the safety of principal and
interest payments, not the market value risk of high yield bonds. Also, since
credit rating agencies may fail to timely change the credit ratings to reflect
subsequent events, the Advisor must monitor the issuers of high yield bonds in
the Fund's portfolio to determine if the issuers will have sufficient cash flow
and profits to meet required principal and interest payments, and to assure the
bonds' liquidity so the Fund can meet redemption requests. The Fund will not
necessarily dispose of a portfolio security when its rating has been changed.
Short-Term Investments
The Fund may invest in any of the following securities and instruments:
Bank Certificates or Deposit, Bankers' Acceptances and Time Deposits.
The Fund may acquire certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and time
deposits. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against
funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a
specified return. Bankers' acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of
exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific
merchandise, which are "accepted" by a bank, meaning in effect that the bank
unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity.
Certificates of deposit and bankers' acceptances acquired by the Fund will be
dollar-denominated obligations of domestic or foreign banks or financial
institutions which at the time of purchase have capital, surplus and undivided
profits in excess of $100 million (including assets of both domestic and foreign
branches), based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if the
principal amount of such bank obligations are fully insured by the U.S.
Government. If the Fund holds instruments of foreign banks or financial
institutions, it may be subject to additional investment risks that are
different in some respects from those incurred by a fund which invests only in
debt obligations of U.S. domestic issuers. See "Foreign Investments" below. Such
risks include future political and economic developments, the possible
imposition of withholding taxes by the particular country in which the issuer is
located on interest income payable on the securities, the possible seizure or
nationalization of foreign deposits, the possible establishment of exchange
controls, or the adoption of other foreign governmental restrictions which might
adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on these securities.
Domestic banks and foreign banks are subject to different governmental
regulations with respect to the amount and types of loans which may be made and
interest rates which may be charged. In addition, the profitability of the
banking industry depends largely upon the availability and cost of funds for the
purpose of financing lending operations under prevailing money market
conditions. General economic conditions as well as exposure to credit losses
arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers play an important part
in the operations of the banking industry.
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As a result of federal and state laws and regulations, domestic banks
are, among other things, required to maintain specified levels of reserves,
limited in the amount which they can loan to a single borrower, and subject to
other regulations designed to promote financial soundness. However, such laws
and regulations do not necessarily apply to foreign bank obligations that the
Fund may acquire.
In addition to purchasing certificates of deposit and bankers'
acceptances, to the extent permitted under its investment objectives and
policies stated above and in its prospectus, the Fund may make interest-bearing
time or other interest-bearing deposits in commercial or savings banks. Time
deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained at a banking institution for a
specified period of time at a specified interest rate.
Savings Association Obligations. The Fund may invest in certificates of
deposit (interest-bearing time deposits) issued by savings banks or savings and
loan associations that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of
$100 million, based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if
the principal amount of such obligations is fully insured by the U.S.
Government.
Commercial Paper, Short-Term Notes and Other Corporate Obligations. The
Fund may invest a portion of its assets in commercial paper and short-term
notes. Commercial paper consists of unsecured promissory notes issued by
corporations. Issues of commercial paper and short-term notes will normally have
maturities of less than nine months and fixed rates of return, although such
instruments may have maturities of up to one year.
Commercial paper and short-term notes will consist of issues rated at
the time of purchase "A-2" or higher by S&P, "Prime-1" or "Prime-2" by Moody's,
or similarly rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating
organization or, if unrated, will be determined by the Advisor to be of
comparable quality. These rating symbols are described in the Appendix.
Corporate obligations include bonds and notes issued by corporations to
finance longer-term credit needs than supported by commercial paper. While such
obligations generally have maturities of ten years or more, the Fund may
purchase corporate obligations which have remaining maturities of one year or
less from the date of purchase and which are rated "AA" or higher by S&P or "Aa"
or higher by Moody's.
Money Market Funds
The Fund may under certain circumstances invest a portion of its assets
in money market funds. The Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act")
prohibits the Fund from investing more than 5% of the value of its total assets
in any one investment company. or more than 10% of the value of its total assets
in investment companies as a group, and also restricts its investment in any
investment company to 3% of the voting securities of such investment company.
The Advisor will not impose advisory fees on assets of the Fund invested in a
money market mutual fund. However, an investment in a money market mutual fund
will involve payment by the Fund of its pro rata share of advisory and
administrative fees charged by such fund.
Government Obligations
The Fund may make short-term investments in U.S. Government
obligations. Such obligations include Treasury bills, certificates of
indebtedness, notes and bonds, and issues of such entities as the Government
National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Export-Import Bank of the United States,
Tennessee Valley Authority, Resolution Funding Corporation, Farmers Home
Administration, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks,
Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, Federal Housing Administration,
Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation, and the Student Loan Marketing Association.
Some of these obligations, such as those of the GNMA, are supported by
the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the
Export-Import Bank of United States, are supported by the right of the issuer to
borrow from the Treasury; others, such as those of the FNMA, are supported by
the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agency's
obligations; still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing
Association, are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No
assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support
to U.S. Government-sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so
by law.
The Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations of foreign countries.
A sovereign debtor's willingness
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or ability to repay principal and interest in a timely manner may be affected by
a number of factors, including its cash flow situation, the extent of its
foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a
payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a
whole, the sovereign debtor's policy toward principal international lenders and
the political constraints to which it may be subject. Emerging market
governments could default on their sovereign debt. Such sovereign debtors also
may be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments,
multilateral agencies and other entities abroad to reduce principal and interest
arrearages on their debt. The commitments on the part of these governments,
agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on a sovereign
debtor's implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the
timely service of such debtor's obligations. Failure to meet such conditions
could result in the cancellation of such third parties' commitments to lend
funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor's ability or
willingness to service its debt in a timely manner.
Foreign Investments and Currencies
The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers that are not
publicly traded in the United States. The Fund may also invest in depositary
receipts and in foreign currency futures contracts and may purchase and sell
foreign currency on a spot basis.
Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts ("DRs") include American
Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), European Depositary Receipts ("EDRs"), Global
Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") or other forms of depositary receipts. DRs are
receipts typically issued in connection with a U.S. or foreign bank or trust
company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign
corporation.
Risks of Investing in Foreign Securities. Investments in foreign
securities involve certain inherent risks, including the following:
Political and Economic Factors. Individual foreign economies of certain
countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States' economy in
such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital
reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, diversification and balance of payments
position. The internal politics of certain foreign countries may not be as
stable as those of the United States. Governments in certain foreign countries
also continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest
or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could
include restrictions on foreign investment, nationalization, expropriation of
goods or imposition of taxes, and could have a significant effect on market
prices of securities and payment of interest. The economies of many foreign
countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly
affected by the trade policies and economic conditions of their trading
partners. Enactment by these trading partners of protectionist trade legislation
could have a significant adverse effect upon the securities markets of such
countries.
Currency Fluctuations. The Fund may invest in securities denominated in
foreign currencies. Accordingly, a change in the value of any such currency
against the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar
value of the Fund's assets denominated in that currency. Such changes will also
affect the Fund's income. The value of the Fund's assets may also be affected
significantly by currency restrictions and exchange control regulations enacted
from time to time.
Market Characteristics. The Advisor expects that many foreign
securities in which the Fund invest will be purchased in over-the-counter
markets or on exchanges located in the countries in which the principal offices
of the issuers of the various securities are located, if that is the best
available market. Foreign exchanges and markets may be more volatile than those
in the United States. While growing in volume, they usually have substantially
less volume than U.S. markets, and the Fund's foreign securities may be less
liquid and more volatile than U.S. securities. Moreover, settlement practices
for transactions in foreign markets may differ from those in United States
markets, and may include delays beyond periods customary in the United States.
Foreign security trading practices, including those involving securities
settlement where Fund assets may be released prior to receipt of payment or
securities, may expose the Fund to increased risk in the event of a failed trade
or the insolvency of a foreign broker-dealer.
Transactions in options on securities and currency contracts may not be
regulated as effectively on foreign exchanges as similar transactions in the
United States, and may not involve clearing mechanisms and related guarantees.
The values of such positions also could be adversely affected by the imposition
of different exercise terms
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and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States. The values of
the Fund's positions may also be adversely impacted by delays in its ability to
act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours
in the United States.
Legal and Regulatory Matters. Certain foreign countries may have less
supervision of securities markets, brokers and issuers of securities, and less
financial information available to issuers, than is available in the United
States.
Taxes. The interest and dividends payable on certain of the Fund's
foreign portfolio securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thus
reducing the net amount of income available for distribution to the Fund's
shareholders.
Costs. To the extent that the Fund invests in foreign securities, its
expense ratio is likely to be higher than those of investment companies
investing only in domestic securities, since the cost of maintaining the custody
of foreign securities is higher.
Emerging markets. Some of the securities in which the Fund may invest
may be located in developing or emerging markets, which entail additional risks,
including less social, political and economic stability; smaller securities
markets and lower trading volume, which may result in a less liquidity and
greater price volatility; national policies that may restrict the Fund's
investment opportunities, including restrictions on investment in issuers or
industries, or expropriation or confiscation of assets or property; and less
developed legal structures governing private or foreign investment.
In considering whether to invest in the securities of a foreign
company, the Advisor considers such factors as the characteristics of the
particular company, differences between economic trends and the performance of
securities markets within the U.S. and those within other countries, and also
factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of
the country or countries where the company is located. The extent to which the
Fund will be invested in foreign companies and countries and depository receipts
will fluctuate from time to time within the limitations described in the
prospectus, depending on the Advisor's assessment of prevailing market, economic
and other conditions.
Options on Securities
Purchasing Put and Call Options. The Fund may purchase covered "put"
and "call" options with respect to securities which are otherwise eligible for
purchase by the Fund subject to certain restrictions. The Fund will engage in
trading of such derivative securities exclusively for hedging purposes.
If the Fund purchases a put option, the Fund acquires the right to sell
the underlying security at a specified price at any time during the term of the
option (for "American-style" options) or on the option expiration date (for
"European-style" options). Purchasing put options may be used as a portfolio
investment strategy when the Advisor perceives significant short-term risk but
substantial long-term appreciation for the underlying security. The put option
acts as an insurance policy, as it protects against significant downward price
movement while it allows full participation in any upward movement. If the Fund
is holding a security which it feels has strong fundamentals, but for some
reason may be weak in the near term, the Fund may purchase a put option on such
security, thereby giving itself the right to sell such security at a certain
strike price throughout the term of the option. Consequently, the Fund will
exercise the put only if the price of such security falls below the strike price
of the put. The difference between the put's strike price and the market price
of the underlying security on the date the Fund exercises the put, less
transaction costs, will be the amount by which the Fund will be able to hedge
against a decline in the underlying security. If during the period of the option
the market price for the underlying security remains at or above the put's
strike price, the put will expire worthless, representing a loss of the price
the Fund paid for the put, plus transaction costs. If the price of the
underlying security increases, the profit the Fund realizes on the sale of the
security will be reduced by the premium paid for the put option less any amount
for which the put may be sold.
If the Fund purchases a call option, it acquires the right to purchase
the underlying security at a specified price at any time during the term of the
option. The purchase of a call option is a type of insurance policy to hedge
against losses that could occur if the Fund has a short position in the
underlying security and the security thereafter increases in price. The Fund
will exercise a call option only if the price of the underlying security is
above the strike
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price at the time of exercise. If during the option period the market price for
the underlying security remains at or below the strike price of the call option,
the option will expire worthless, representing a loss of the price paid for the
option, plus transaction costs. If the call option has been purchased to hedge a
short position of the Fund in the underlying security and the price of the
underlying security thereafter falls, the profit the Fund realizes on the cover
of the short position in the security will be reduced by the premium paid for
the call option less any amount for which such option may be sold.
Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be sold when it has
remaining value by a purchaser through a "closing sale transaction," which is
accomplished by selling an option of the same series as the option previously
purchased. The Fund generally will purchase only those options for which the
Advisor believes there is an active secondary market to facilitate closing
transactions.
Writing Call Options. The Fund may write covered call options. A call
option is "covered" if the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an
absolute right to acquire the security without additional cash consideration
(or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or cash equivalents in
such amount as are held in a segregated account by the Custodian). The writer of
a call option receives a premium and gives the purchaser the right to buy the
security underlying the option at the exercise price. The writer has the
obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security
against payment of the exercise price during the option period. If the writer of
an exchange-traded option wishes to terminate his obligation, he may effect a
"closing purchase transaction." This is accomplished by buying an option of the
same series as the option previously written. A writer may not effect a closing
purchase transaction after it has been notified of the exercise of an option.
Effecting a closing transaction in the case of a written call option
will permit the Fund to write another call option on the underlying security
with either a different exercise price, expiration date or both. Also, effecting
a closing transaction will permit the cash or proceeds from the concurrent sale
of any securities subject to the option to be used for other investments of the
Fund. If the Fund desires to sell a particular security from its portfolio on
which it has written a call option, it will effect a closing transaction prior
to or concurrent with the sale of the security.
The Fund will realize a gain from a closing transaction if the cost of
the closing transaction is less than the premium received from writing the
option or if the proceeds from the closing transaction are more than the premium
paid to purchase the option. The Fund will realize a loss from a closing
transaction if the cost of the closing transaction is more than the premium
received from writing the option or if the proceeds from the closing transaction
are less than the premium paid to purchase the option. However, because
increases in the market price of a call option will generally reflect increases
in the market price of the underlying security, any loss to the Fund resulting
from the repurchase of a call option is likely to be offset in whole or in part
by appreciation of the underlying security owned by the Fund.
Risks Of Investing in Options. There are several risks associated with
transactions in options on securities. Options may be more volatile than the
underlying securities and, therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in
options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the
underlying securities themselves. There are also significant differences between
the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation
between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objective.
In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options may be absent for
reasons which include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest
in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening
transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or
other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series
of options of underlying securities; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may
interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or
clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading
volume; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or
be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a
particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on
that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist,
although outstanding options that had been issued by a clearing corporation as a
result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance
with their terms.
A decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the
exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be
unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events. The
extent to which the Fund may enter into options transactions may be limited by
the Internal Revenue Code of
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1986 (the "Code") requirements for qualification of the Fund as a regulated
investment company. See "Dividends and Distributions" and "Taxation."
In addition, when trading options on foreign exchanges, many of the
protections afforded to participants in United States option exchanges will not
be available. For example, there may be no daily price fluctuation limits in
such exchanges or markets, and adverse market movements could therefore continue
to an unlimited extent over a period of time. Although the purchaser of an
option cannot lose more than the amount of the premium plus related transaction
costs, this entire amount could be lost. Moreover, the Fund as an option writer
could lose amounts substantially in excess of its initial investment, due to the
margin and collateral requirements typically associated with such option
writing. See "Dealer Options" below.
Dealer Options. The Fund will engage in transactions involving dealer
options as well as exchange-traded options. Certain additional risks are
specific to dealer options. While the Fund might look to a clearing corporation
to exercise exchange-traded options, if the Fund were to purchase a dealer
option it would need to rely on the dealer from which it purchased the option to
perform if the option were exercised. Failure by the dealer to do so would
result in the loss of the premium paid by the Fund as well as loss of the
expected benefit of the transaction.
Exchange-traded options generally have a continuous liquid market while
dealer options may not. Consequently, the Fund may generally be able to realize
the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by exercising or reselling
the option to the dealer who issued it. Similarly, when the Fund writes a dealer
option, the Fund may generally be able to close out the option prior to its
expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer
to whom the Fund originally wrote the option. While the Fund will seek to enter
into dealer options only with dealers who will agree to and which are expected
to be capable of entering into closing transactions with the Fund, there can be
no assurance that the Fund will at any time be able to liquidate a dealer option
at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. Unless the Fund, as a
covered dealer call option writer, is able to effect a closing purchase
transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used
as cover until the option expires or is exercised. In the event of insolvency of
the other party, the Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option. With
respect to options written by the Fund, the inability to enter into a closing
transaction may result in material losses to the Fund. For example, because the
Fund must maintain a secured position with respect to any call option on a
security it writes, the Fund may not sell the assets which it has segregated to
secure the position while it is obligated under the option. This requirement may
impair the Fund's ability to sell portfolio securities at a time when such sale
might be advantageous.
The Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission")
has taken the position that purchased dealer options are illiquid securities.
The Fund may treat the cover used for written dealer options as liquid if the
dealer agrees that the Fund may repurchase the dealer option it has written for
a maximum price to be calculated by a predetermined formula. In such cases, the
dealer option would be considered illiquid only to the extent the maximum
purchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option.
Accordingly, the Fund will treat dealer options as subject to the Fund's
limitation on illiquid securities. If the Commission changes its position on the
liquidity of dealer options, the Fund will change its treatment of such
instruments accordingly.
Foreign Currency Options. The Fund may buy or sell put and call options
on foreign currencies. A put or call option on a foreign currency gives the
purchaser of the option the right to sell or purchase a foreign currency at the
exercise price until the option expires. The Fund will use foreign currency
options separately or in combination to control currency volatility. Among the
strategies employed to control currency volatility is an option collar. An
option collar involves the purchase of a put option and the simultaneous sale of
a call option on the same currency with the same expiration date but with
different exercise (or "strike") prices. Generally, the put option will have an
out-of-the-money strike price, while the call option will have either an
at-the-money strike price or an in-the-money strike price. Foreign currency
options are derivative securities. Currency options traded on U.S. or other
exchanges may be subject to position limits which may limit the ability of the
Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using such options.
As with other kinds of option transactions, the writing of an option on
foreign currency will constitute only a partial hedge, up to the amount of the
premium received. The Fund could be required to purchase or sell foreign
currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The
purchase of an option on foreign currency may constitute an effective hedge
against exchange rate fluctuations: however, in the event of exchange rate
movements adverse to the Fund's position, the Fund may forfeit the entire amount
of the premium plus related transaction costs.
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Spread Transactions. The Fund may purchase covered spread options from
securities dealers. These covered spread options are not presently
exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the
Fund the right to put securities that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed
yield spread in relationship to another security that the Fund does not own, but
which is used as a benchmark. The risk to the Fund, in addition to the risks of
dealer options described above, is the cost of the premium paid as well as any
transaction costs. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect the
Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the
yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. This protection
is provided only during the life of the spread options.
Forward Currency Contracts
The Fund may enter into forward currency contracts in anticipation of
changes in currency exchange rates. A forward currency contract is an obligation
to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed
number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a
price set at the time of the contract. For example, the Fund might purchase a
particular currency or enter into a forward currency contract to preserve the
U.S. dollar price of securities it intends to or has contracted to purchase.
Alternatively, it might sell a particular currency on either a spot or forward
basis to hedge against an anticipated decline in the dollar value of securities
it intends to or has contracted to sell. Although this strategy could minimize
the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, it could
also limit any potential gain from an increase in the value of the currency.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to its
portfolio securities. Pursuant to such agreements, the Fund acquires securities
from financial institutions such as banks and broker-dealers as are deemed to be
creditworthy by the Advisor, subject to the seller's agreement to repurchase and
the Fund's agreement to resell such securities at a mutually agreed upon date
and price. The repurchase price generally equals the price paid by the Fund plus
interest negotiated on the basis of current short-term rates (which may be more
or less than the rate on the underlying portfolio security). Securities subject
to repurchase agreements will be held by the Custodian or in the Federal
Reserve/Treasury Book-Entry System or an equivalent foreign system. The seller
under a repurchase agreement will be required to maintain the value of the
underlying securities at not less than 102% of the repurchase price under the
agreement. If the seller defaults on its repurchase obligation, the Fund will
suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from a sale of the underlying
securities are less than the repurchase price under the agreement. Bankruptcy or
insolvency of such a defaulting seller may cause the Fund's rights with respect
to such securities to be delayed or limited. Repurchase agreements are
considered to be loans under the 1940 Act.
When-Issued Securities, Forward Commitments and Delayed Settlements
The Fund may purchase securities on a "when-issued," forward commitment
or delayed settlement basis. In this event, the Custodian will set aside cash or
liquid portfolio securities equal to the amount of the commitment in a separate
account. Normally, the Custodian will set aside portfolio securities to satisfy
a purchase commitment. In such a case, the Fund may be required subsequently to
place additional assets in the separate account in order to assure that the
value of the account remains equal to the amount of the Fund's commitment. It
may be expected that the Fund's net assets will fluctuate to a greater degree
when it sets aside portfolio securities to cover such purchase commitments than
when it sets aside cash.
The Fund does not intend to engage in these transactions for
speculative purposes but only in furtherance of its investment objectives.
Because the Fund will set aside cash or liquid portfolio securities to satisfy
its purchase commitments in the manner described, the Fund's liquidity and the
ability of the Advisor to manage it may be affected in the event the Fund's
forward commitments, commitments to purchase when-issued securities and delayed
settlements ever exceeded 15% of the value of its net assets.
The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued, forward commitment
or delayed settlement basis only with the intention of completing the
transaction. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however,
the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into,
and may sell securities it has committed to
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purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement
date. In these cases the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss. When
the Fund engages in when-issued, forward commitment and delayed settlement
transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of
such party to do so may result in the Fund's incurring a loss or missing an
opportunity to obtain a price credited to be advantageous.
The market value of the securities underlying a when-issued purchase,
forward commitment to purchase securities, or a delayed settlement and any
subsequent fluctuations in their market value is taken into account when
determining the market value of the Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to
purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it
has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the
settlement date.
Borrowing
The Fund is authorized to borrow money from time to time for temporary,
extraordinary or emergency purposes or for clearance of transactions in amounts
up to 10% of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowings. The
use of borrowing by the Fund involves special risk considerations that may not
be associated with other funds having similar objectives and policies. Since
substantially all of the Fund's assets fluctuate in value, whereas the interest
obligation resulting from a borrowing will be fixed by the terms of the Fund's
agreement with its lender, the asset value per share of the Fund will tend to
increase more when its portfolio securities increase in value and to decrease
more when its portfolio assets decrease in value than would otherwise be the
case if the Fund did not borrow funds. In addition, interest costs on borrowings
may fluctuate with changing market rates of interest and may partially offset or
exceed the return earned on borrowed funds. Under adverse market conditions, the
Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal
payments at a time when fundamental investment considerations would not favor
such sales.
Lending Portfolio Securities
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount not exceeding
30% of its total assets to financial institutions such as banks and brokers if
the loan is collateralized in accordance with applicable regulations. Under the
present regulatory requirements which govern loans of portfolio securities, the
loan collateral must, on each business day, at least equal the value of the
loaned securities and must consist of cash, letters of credit of domestic banks
or domestic branches of foreign banks, or securities of the U.S. Government or
its agencies. To be acceptable as collateral, letters of credit must obligate a
bank to pay amounts demanded by the Fund if the demand meets the terms of the
letter. Such terms and the issuing bank would have to be satisfactory to the
Fund. Any loan might be secured by any one or more of the three types of
collateral. The terms of the Fund's loans must permit the Fund to reacquire
loaned securities on five days' notice or in time to vote on any serious matter
and must meet certain tests under the Code.
Short Sales
The Fund is authorized to make short sales of securities it owns or has
the right to acquire at no added cost through conversion or exchange of other
securities it owns (referred to as short sales "against the box") and to make
short sales of securities which it does not own or have the right to acquire.
In a short sale that is not "against the box," the Fund sells a
security which it does not own, in anticipation of a decline in the market value
of the security. To complete the sale, the Fund must borrow the security
(generally from the broker through which the short sale is made) in order to
make delivery to the buyer. The Fund is then obligated to replace the security
borrowed by purchasing it at the market price at the time of replacement. The
Fund is said to have a "short position" in the securities sold until it delivers
them to the broker. The period during which the Fund has a short position can
range from one day to more than a year. Until the security is replaced, the
proceeds of the short sale are retained by the broker, and the Fund is required
to pay to the broker a negotiated portion of any dividends or interest which
accrue during the period of the loan. To meet current margin requirements, the
Fund is also required to deposit with the broker additional cash or securities
so that the total deposit with the broker is maintained daily at 150% of the
current market value of the securities sold short (100% of the current market
value if a security is held in the account that is convertible or exchangeable
into the security sold short within 90 days without restriction other than the
payment of money).
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Short sales by the Fund that are not made "against the box" create
opportunities to increase the Fund's return but, at the same time, involve
specific risk considerations and may be considered a speculative technique.
Since the Fund in effect profits from a decline in the price of the securities
sold short without the need to invest the full purchase price of the securities
on the date of the short sale, the Fund's net asset value per share will tend to
increase more when the securities it has sold short decrease in value, and to
decrease more when the securities it has sold short increase in value, than
would otherwise be the case if it had not engaged in such short sales. The
amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by
the amount of any premium, dividends or interest the Fund may be required to pay
in connection with the short sale. Furthermore, under adverse market conditions
the Fund might have difficulty purchasing securities to meet its short sale
delivery obligations, and might have to sell portfolio securities to raise the
capital necessary to meet its short sale obligations at a time when fundamental
investment considerations would not favor such sales.
If the Fund makes a short sale "against the box," the Fund would not
immediately deliver the securities sold and would not receive the proceeds from
the sale. The seller is said to have a short position in the securities sold
until it delivers the securities sold, at which time it receives the proceeds of
the sale. To secure its obligation to deliver securities sold short, the Fund
will deposit in escrow in a separate account with the Custodian an equal amount
of the securities sold short or securities convertible into or exchangeable for
such securities. The Fund can close out its short position by purchasing and
delivering an equal amount of the securities sold short, rather than by
delivering securities already held by the Fund, because the Fund might want to
continue to receive interest and dividend payments on securities in its
portfolio that are convertible into the securities sold short.
The Fund's decision to make a short sale "against the box" may be a
technique to hedge against market risks when the Advisor believes that the price
of a security may decline, causing a decline in the value of a security owned by
the Fund or a security convertible into or exchangeable for such security. In
such case, any future losses in the Fund's long position would be reduced by a
gain in the short position. The extent to which such gains or losses in the long
position are reduced will depend upon the amount of securities sold short
relative to the amount of the securities the Fund owns, either directly or
indirectly, and, in the case where the Fund owns convertible securities, changes
in the investment values or conversion premiums of such securities.
The extent to which the Fund may enter into short sales
transactions may be limited by the Code requirements for
qualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company. See "Taxation."
Illiquid Securities
The Fund may not invest more than 15% of the value of its net assets in
securities that at the time of purchase have legal or contractual restrictions
on resale or are otherwise illiquid. The Advisor will monitor the amount of
illiquid securities in the Fund's portfolio, under the supervision of the
Trust's Board of Trustees, to ensure compliance with the Fund's investment
restrictions.
Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to
contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been
registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), securities
which are otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements having a
maturity of longer than seven days. Securities which have not been registered
under the Securities Act are referred to as private placement or restricted
securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary
market. Mutual funds do not typically hold a significant amount of these
restricted or other illiquid securities because of the potential for delays on
resale and uncertainty in valuation. Limitations on resale may have an adverse
effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and the Fund might be unable
to dispose of restricted or other illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable
prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemption requests
within seven days. The Fund might also have to register such restricted
securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and
delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of
securities.
In recent years, however, a large institutional market has developed
for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act,
including repurchase agreements, commercial paper, foreign securities, municipal
securities and corporate bonds and notes. Institutional investors depend on an
efficient institutional market in which the unregistered security can be readily
resold or on an issuer's ability to honor a demand for repayment. The fact that
there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or
to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such
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investments. If such securities are subject to purchase by institutional buyers
in accordance with Rule 144A promulgated by the Commission under the Securities
Act, the Trust's Board of Trustees may determine that such securities are not
illiquid securities notwithstanding their legal or contractual restrictions on
resale. In all other cases, however, securities subject to restrictions on
resale will be deemed illiquid.
Risks of Investing in Small Companies
As stated in the prospectus, the Fund may purchase securities of
companies with market capitalization as low as $250 million. Additional risks of
such investments include the markets on which such securities are frequently
traded. In many instances the securities of smaller companies are traded only
over-the-counter or on a regional securities exchange, and the frequency and
volume of their trading is substantially less than is typical of larger
companies. Therefore, the securities of smaller companies may be subject to
greater and more abrupt price fluctuations. When making large sales, the Fund
may have to sell portfolio holdings at discounts from quoted prices or may have
to make a series of small sales over an extended period of time due to the
trading volume of smaller company securities. Investors should be aware that,
based on the foregoing factors, an investment in the Fund may be subject to
greater price fluctuations than an investment in a fund that invests exclusively
in larger, more established companies. The Advisor's research efforts may also
play a greater role in selecting securities for the Fund than in a fund that
invests in larger, more established companies.
Investment Restrictions
The Trust (on behalf of the Fund) has adopted the following
restrictions as fundamental policies, which may not be changed without the
favorable vote of the holders of a "majority," as defined in the 1940 Act, of
the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Under the 1940 Act, the "vote of
the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" means the vote
of the holders of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the Fund represented at
a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of its outstanding shares are
represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund is diversified; i.e., as to
75% of the value of a its total assets: (i) no more than 5% of the value of its
total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than
U.S. Government securities); and (ii) the Fund may not purchase more than 10% of
the outstanding voting securities of an issuer. The Fund's investment objective
is also fundamental.
In addition, the Fund may not:
1. Issue senior securities, borrow money or pledge its assets, except
that (i) the Fund may borrow on an unsecured basis from banks for temporary or
emergency purposes or for the clearance of transactions in amounts not exceeding
10% of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed), provided that it
will not make investments while borrowings in excess of 5% of the value of its
total assets are outstanding; and (ii) this restriction shall not prohibit the
Fund from engaging in options and foreign currency transactions or short sales;
2. Purchase securities on margin, except such short-term credits as may
be necessary for the clearance of transactions;
3. Act as underwriter (except to the extent the Fund may be deemed
to be an underwriter in connection with the sale of securities in its
investment portfolio);
4. Invest 25% or more of its total assets, calculated at the time of
purchase and taken at market value, in any one industry (other than U.S.
Government securities);
5. Purchase or sell real estate or interests in real estate or real
estate limited partnerships (although the Fund may purchase and sell securities
which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or
deal in real estate);
6. Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts, except
that the Fund may purchase and sell foreign currency contracts in accordance
with any rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission;
7. Make loans of money (except for purchases of debt securities
consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and
except for repurchase agreements); or
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8. Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management.
The Fund observes the following restrictions as a matter of operating
but not fundamental policy, pursuant to positions taken by federal regulatory
authorities:
The Fund may not:
1. Invest in the securities of other investment companies or purchase
any other investment company's voting securities or make any other investment in
other investment companies except to the extent permitted by federal law; or
2. Invest more than 15% of its assets in securities which are
restricted as to disposition or otherwise are illiquid or have no readily
available market (except for securities which are determined by the Board of
Trustees to be liquid).
MANAGEMENT
The overall management of the business and affairs of the Trust is
vested with its Board of Trustees. The Board approves all significant agreements
between the Trust and persons or companies furnishing services to it, including
the agreements with the Advisor, Administrator, Custodian and Transfer Agent.
The day-to-day operations of the Trust are delegated to its officers, subject to
the Fund's investment objectives and policies and to general supervision by the
Board of Trustees.
The Trustees and officers of the Trust, their ages and positions with the Trust,
their business addresses and principal occupations during the past five years
are:
Name, address and age Position Principal Occupation During Past Five Years
[To be filed by amendment]
* denotes Trustees who are "interested persons" of the Trust under the 1940 Act.
It is estimated that each Trustee who is not an interested person of the Trust
will receive a fee at the annual rate of $
The Advisor
Subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, investment
management and related services are provided by the Advisor, pursuant to an
Investment Advisory Agreement (the "Advisory Agreement").
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor agrees to invest the assets
of the Fund in accordance with the investment objectives, policies and
restrictions of the Fund as set forth in the Fund's and Trust's governing
documents, including, without limitation, the Trust's Agreement and Declaration
of Trust and By-Laws; the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional
information, and undertakings; and such other limitations, policies and
procedures as the Trustees of the Trust may impose from time to time in writing
to the Advisor. In providing such services, the Advisor shall at all times
adhere to the provisions and restrictions contained in the federal securities
laws, applicable state securities laws, the Code, and other applicable law.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Advisor has
agreed to (i) furnish the Fund with advice and recommendations with respect to
the investment of the Fund's assets, (ii) effect the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities; (iii) manage and oversee the investments of the Fund,
subject to the ultimate supervision and direction of the Trust's Board of
Trustees; (iv) vote proxies and take other actions with respect to the Fund's
securities; (v) maintain the books and records required to be maintained with
respect to the securities in the Fund's portfolio; (vi) furnish reports,
statements and other data on securities, economic conditions and other matters
related to the investment of the Fund's assets which the Trustees or the
officers of the Trust may reasonably request; and (vi) render to the Trust's
Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as the Board may reasonably
request. The Advisor has also agreed, at its own expense, to maintain such staff
and employ or retain such personnel and consult with such other persons as it
shall from time to time determine to be necessary to the performance of its
obligations under the Advisory Agreement. Personnel of the Advisor may serve as
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<PAGE>
officers of the Trust provided they do so without compensation from the Trust.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the staff and personnel of the
Advisor shall be deemed to include persons employed or retained by the Advisor
to furnish statistical information, research, and other factual information,
advice regarding economic factors and trends, information with respect to
technical and scientific developments, and such other information, advice and
assistance as the Advisor or the Trust's Board of Trustees may desire and
reasonably request. With respect to the operation of the Fund, the Advisor has
agreed to be responsible for the expenses of printing and distributing extra
copies of the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional information, and sales
and advertising materials (but not the legal, auditing or accounting fees
attendant thereto) to prospective investors (but not to existing shareholders);
and the costs of any special Board of Trustees meetings or shareholder meetings
convened for the primary benefit of the Advisor.
As compensation for the Advisor's services, the Fund pays it an
advisory fee at the rate specified in the prospectus. In addition to the fees
payable to the Advisor and the Administrator, the Trust is responsible for its
operating expenses, including: fees and expenses incurred in connection with the
issuance, registration and transfer of its shares; brokerage and commission
expenses; all expenses of transfer, receipt, safekeeping, servicing and
accounting for the cash, securities and other property of the Trust for the
benefit of the Fund including all fees and expenses of its custodian,
shareholder services agent and accounting services agent; interest charges on
any borrowings; costs and expenses of pricing and calculating its daily net
asset value and of maintaining its books of account required under the 1940 Act;
taxes, if any; a pro rata portion of expenditures in connection with meetings of
the Fund's shareholders and the Trust's Board of Trustees that are properly
payable by the Fund; salaries and expenses of officers and fees and expenses of
members of the Trust's Board of Trustees or members of any advisory board or
committee who are not members of, affiliated with or interested persons of the
Advisor or Administrator; insurance premiums on property or personnel of the
Fund which inure to its benefit, including liability and fidelity bond
insurance; the cost of preparing and printing reports, proxy statements,
prospectuses and statements of additional information of the Fund or other
communications for distribution to existing shareholders; legal, auditing and
accounting fees; trade association dues; fees and expenses (including legal
fees) of registering and maintaining registration of its shares for sale under
federal and applicable state and foreign securities laws; all expenses of
maintaining and servicing shareholder accounts, including all charges for
transfer, shareholder recordkeeping, dividend disbursing, redemption, and other
agents for the benefit of the Fund, if any; and all other charges and costs of
its operation plus any extraordinary and non-recurring expenses, except as
otherwise prescribed in the Advisory Agreement.
The Advisor may agree to waive certain of its fees or reimburse the
Fund for certain expenses, in order to limit the expense ratio of the Fund. In
that event, subject to approval by the Trust's Board of Trustees, the Fund may
reimburse the Advisor in subsequent years for fees waived and expenses
reimbursed, provided the expense ratio before reimbursement is less than the
expense limitation in effect at that time.
The Advisor is controlled by William F. K. Schaff.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will not be liable to the
Trust or the Fund or any shareholder for any act or omission in the course of,
or connected with, rendering services or for any loss sustained by the Trust
except in the case of a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of
compensation for services (in which case any award of damages will be limited as
provided in the 1940 Act) or of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross
negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the
Agreement.
The Advisory Agreement will remain in effect for a period not to exceed
two years. Thereafter, if not terminated, the Advisory Agreement will continue
automatically for successive annual periods, provided that such continuance is
specifically approved at least annually (i) by a majority vote of the
Independent Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of
voting on such approval, and (ii) by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
The Advisory Agreement is terminable by vote of the Board of Trustees
or by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund
at any time without penalty, on 60 days written notice to the Advisor. The
Advisory Agreement also may be terminated by the Advisor on 60 days written
notice to the Trust. The Advisory Agreement terminates automatically upon its
assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
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<PAGE>
The Administrator. The Administrator has agreed to be responsible for
providing such services as the Trustees may reasonably request, including but
not limited to (i) maintaining the Trust's books and records (other than
financial or accounting books and records maintained by any custodian, transfer
agent or accounting services agent); (ii) overseeing the Trust's insurance
relationships; (iii) preparing for the Trust (or assisting counsel and/or
auditors in the preparation of) all required tax returns, proxy statements and
reports to the Trust's shareholders and Trustees and reports to and other
filings with the Commission and any other governmental agency (the Trust
agreeing to supply or cause to be supplied to the Administrator all necessary
financial and other information in connection with the foregoing); (iv)
preparing such applications and reports as may be necessary to permit the offer
and sale of the shares of the Trust under the securities or "blue sky" laws of
the various states selected by the Trust (the Trust agreeing to pay all filing
fees or other similar fees in connection therewith); (v) responding to all
inquiries or other communications of shareholders, if any, which are directed to
the Administrator, or if any such inquiry or communication is more properly to
be responded to by the Trust's custodian, transfer agent or accounting services
agent, overseeing their response thereto; (vi) overseeing all relationships
between the Trust and any custodian(s), transfer agent(s) and accounting
services agent(s), including the negotiation of agreements and the supervision
of the performance of such agreements; and (vii) authorizing and directing any
of the Administrator's directors, officers and employees who may be elected as
Trustees or officers of the Trust to serve in the capacities in which they are
elected. All services to be furnished by the Administrator under this Agreement
may be furnished through the medium of any such directors, officers or employees
of the Administrator.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
The Advisory Agreement states that the Advisor shall be responsible for
broker-dealer selection and for negotiation of brokerage commission rates,
provided that the Advisor shall not direct orders to an affiliated person of the
Advisor without general prior authorization to use such affiliated broker or
dealer by the Trust's Board of Trustees. The Advisor's primary consideration in
effecting a securities transaction will be execution at the most favorable
price. In selecting a broker-dealer to execute each particular transaction, the
Advisor may take the following into consideration: the best net price available;
the reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker-dealer; the
size of and difficulty in executing the order; and the value of the expected
contribution of the broker-dealer to the investment performance of the Fund on a
continuing basis. The price to the Fund in any transaction may be less favorable
than that available from another broker-dealer if the difference is reasonably
justified by other aspects of the portfolio execution services offered.
Subject to such policies as the Advisor and the Board of Trustees of
the Trust may determine, the Advisor shall not be deemed to have acted
unlawfully or to have breached any duty created by this Agreement or otherwise
solely by reason of its having caused the Fund to pay a broker or dealer that
provides (directly or indirectly) brokerage or research services to the Advisor
an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the
amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting
that transaction, if the Advisor determines in good faith that such amount of
commission was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services provided by such broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either that
particular transaction or the Advisor's overall responsibilities with respect to
the Fund. The Advisor is further authorized to allocate the orders placed by it
on behalf of the Fund to such brokers or dealers who also provide research or
statistical material, or other services, to the Trust, the Advisor, or any
affiliate of either. Such allocation shall be in such amounts and proportions as
the Advisor shall determine, and the Advisor shall report on such allocations
regularly to the Advisor and the Trust, indicating the broker-dealers to whom
such allocations have been made and the basis therefor. The Advisor is also
authorized to consider sales of shares of the Fund as a factor in the selection
of brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions, subject to the
requirements of best execution, i.e., that such brokers or dealers are able to
execute the order promptly and at the best obtainable securities price.
On occasions when the Advisor deems the purchase or sale of a security
to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as other clients of the Advisor,
the Advisor, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may
aggregate the securities to be so purchased or sold in order to obtain the most
favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and the most efficient execution.
In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the
expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Advisor in the manner
it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary
obligations to the Fund and to such other clients.
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NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate and is
determined as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the
"NYSE") (currently 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) each business day. The NYSE annually
announces the days on which it will not be open for trading. The most recent
announcement indicates that it will not be open on the following days: New
Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. However, the NYSE may close on days not
included in that announcement.
The net asset value per share is computed by dividing the value of the
securities held by the Fund plus any cash or other assets (including interest
and dividends accrued but not yet received) minus all liabilities (including
accrued expenses) by the total number of shares in the Fund outstanding at such
time.
Generally, trading in and valuation of foreign securities is
substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of the
NYSE. In addition, trading in and valuation of foreign securities may not take
place on every day in which the NYSE is open for trading. In that case, the
price used to determine the Fund's net asset value on the last day on which such
exchange was open will be used, unless the Trust's Board of Trustees determines
that a different price should be used. Furthermore, trading takes place in
various foreign markets on days in which the NYSE is not open for trading and on
which the Fund's net asset value is not calculated. Occasionally, events
affecting the values of such securities in U.S. dollars on a day on which the
Fund calculates its net asset value may occur between the times when such
securities are valued and the close of the NYSE that will not be reflected in
the computation of the Fund's net asset value unless the Board or its delegates
deem that such events would materially affect the net asset value, in which case
an adjustment would be made.
Generally, the Fund's investments are valued at market value or, in the
absence of a market value, at fair value as determined in good faith by the
Advisor and the Trust's Pricing Committee pursuant to procedures approved by or
under the direction of the Board.
The Fund's securities, including ADRs, EDRs and GDRs, which are traded
on securities exchanges are valued at the last sale price on the exchange on
which such securities are traded, as of the close of business on the day the
securities are being valued or, lacking any reported sales, at the mean between
the last available bid and asked price. Securities that are traded on more than
one exchange are valued on the exchange determined by the Advisor to be the
primary market. Securities traded in the over-the-counter market are valued at
the mean between the last available bid and asked price prior to the time of
valuation. Securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily
available (including restricted securities which are subject to limitations as
to their sale) are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under
the direction of the Board.
Short-term debt obligations with remaining maturities in excess of 60
days are valued at current market prices, as discussed above. Short-term
securities with 60 days or less remaining to maturity are, unless conditions
indicate otherwise, amortized to maturity based on their cost to the Fund if
acquired within 60 days of maturity or, if already held by the Fund on the 60th
day, based on the value determined on the 61st day.
Corporate debt securities are valued on the basis of valuations
provided by dealers in those instruments, by an independent pricing service,
approved by the Board, or at fair value as determined in good faith by
procedures approved by the Board. Any such pricing service, in determining
value, will use information with respect to transactions in the securities being
valued, quotations from dealers, market transactions in comparable securities,
analyses and evaluations of various relationships between securities and yield
to maturity information.
An option that is written by the Fund is generally valued at the last
sale price or, in the absence of the last sale price, the last offer price. An
option that is purchased by the Fund is generally valued at the last sale price
or, in the absence of the last sale price, the last bid price. If an options
exchange closes after the time at which the Fund's net asset value is
calculated, the last sale or last bid and asked prices as of that time will be
used to calculate the net asset value.
Any assets or liabilities initially expressed in terms of foreign
currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate or,
alternatively, at the mean of the current bid and asked prices of such
currencies against the U.S. dollar last quoted by a major bank that is a regular
participant in the foreign exchange market or on the basis of a pricing service
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<PAGE>
that takes into account the quotes provided by a number of such major banks. If
neither of these alternatives is available or both are deemed not to provide a
suitable methodology for converting a foreign currency into U.S. dollars, the
Board in good faith will establish a conversion rate for such currency.
All other assets of the Fund are valued in such manner as the Board in
good faith deems appropriate to reflect their fair value.
TAXATION
The Fund will be taxed, under the Code, as a separate entity from any
other series of the Trust, and it intends to elect to qualify for treatment as a
regulated investment company ("RIC") under Subchapter M of the Code. In each
taxable year that the Fund so qualifies, the Fund (but not its shareholders)
will be relieved of federal income tax on that part of its investment company
taxable income (consisting generally of interest and dividend income, net
short-term capital gains and net realized gains from currency transactions) and
net capital gain that is distributed to shareholders.
In order to qualify for treatment as a RIC, the Fund must distribute
annually to shareholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income
and must meet several additional requirements. Among these requirements are, in
general, the following: (1) at least 90% of the Fund's gross income each taxable
year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or
foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of
investing in securities or currencies; (2) less than 30% of the Fund's gross
income each taxable year may be derived from the sale or other disposition of
securities held for less than three months; (3) at the close of each quarter of
the Fund's taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be
represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of
other RICs and other securities, limited in respect of any one issuer, to an
amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund's assets and that does
not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer;
and (4) at the close of each quarter of the Fund's taxable year, not more than
25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities (other than U.S.
Government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer.
Distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains
by the Fund will be taxable to shareholders whether made in cash or reinvested
in shares. In determining amounts of net realized capital gains to be
distributed, any capital loss carryovers from prior years will be applied
against capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of
additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each
share so received equal to the net asset value of a share of the Fund on the
reinvestment date. Fund distributions also will be included in individual and
corporate shareholders' income on which the alternative minimum tax may be
imposed.
The Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and other distributions
annually, as stated in the Prospectus. In order to avoid the payment of any
federal excise tax based on net income, the Fund must declare on or before
December 31 of each year, and pay on or before January 31 of the following year,
distributions at least equal to 98% of its ordinary income for that calendar
year and at least 98% of the excess of any capital gains over any capital losses
realized in the one-year period ending October 31 of that year, together with
any undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gains (in excess of
capital losses) from the previous calendar year.
The Fund may receive dividend distributions from U.S. corporations. To
the extent that the Fund receives such dividends and distributes them to its
shareholders, and meets certain other requirements of the Code, corporate
shareholders of the Fund may be entitled to the "dividends received" deduction.
Availability of the deduction is subject to certain holding period and
debt-financing limitations.
The use of hedging strategies, such as entering into forward contracts
and purchasing options, involves complex rules that will determine the character
and timing of recognition of the income received in connection therewith by the
Fund. Income from foreign currencies (except certain gains therefrom that may be
excluded by future regulations) and income from transactions in options and
forward contracts derived by the Fund with respect to its business of investing
in securities or foreign currencies will qualify as permissible income under
Subchapter M of the Code.
For accounting purposes, when the Fund purchases an option, the premium
paid by the Fund is recorded as an asset and is subsequently adjusted to the
current market value of the option. Any gain or loss realized by the Fund upon
the expiration or sale of such options held by the Fund generally will be
capital gain or loss.
B-17
<PAGE>
Any security, option, or other position entered into or held by the
Fund that substantially diminishes the Fund's risk of loss from any other
position held by that Fund may constitute a "straddle" for federal income tax
purposes. In general, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the
amount, character and timing of the Fund's gains and losses with respect to
straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that the loss realized on
disposition of one position of a straddle be deferred until gain is realized on
disposition of the offsetting position; that the Fund's holding period in
certain straddle positions not begin until the straddle is terminated (possibly
resulting in the gain being treated as short-term capital gain rather than
long-term capital gain); and that losses recognized with respect to certain
straddle positions, which would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses,
be treated as long-term capital losses. Different elections are available to the
Fund that may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules.
Certain options and forward contracts that are subject to Section 1256
of the Code ("Section 1256 Contracts") and that are held by the Fund at the end
of its taxable year generally will be required to be "marked to market" for
federal income tax purposes, that is, deemed to have been sold at market value.
Sixty percent of any net gain or loss recognized on these deemed sales and 60%
of any net gain or loss realized from any actual sales of Section 1256 Contracts
will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and the balance will be
treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Section 988 of the Code contains special tax rules applicable to
certain foreign currency transactions that may affect the amount, timing and
character of income, gain or loss recognized by the Fund. Under these rules,
foreign exchange gain or loss realized with respect to foreign
currency-denominated debt instruments, foreign currency forward contracts and
foreign currency-denominated payables and receivables is treated as ordinary
income or loss. Some part of the Fund's gain or loss on the sale or other
disposition of shares of a foreign corporation may, because of changes in
foreign currency exchange rates, be treated as ordinary income or loss under
Section 988 of the Code, rather than as capital gain or loss.
The Fund may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on dividends and
interest earned with respect to securities of foreign corporations. The Fund may
also be subject to special rules under the Code that apply to income derived
from stock issued by a "passive foreign investment company" ("PFIC"), which
might subject the Fund to a non-deductible federal income tax. The Fund may be
able to avoid the PFIC tax by electing to be taxed on its share of PFIC income
(whether or nor such income is actually distributed by the PFIC. The Fund will
endeavor to limit its exposure to the PFIC tax by investing in PFICs only where
the election to be taxed currently will be made. Because it is not always
possible to identify a foreign issuer as a PFIC before an investment is made,
however, the Fund may incur the PFIC tax in some instances.
Redemptions and exchanges of shares of the Fund will result in gains or
losses for tax purposes to the extent of the difference between the proceeds and
the shareholder's adjusted tax basis for the shares. Any loss realized upon the
redemption or exchange of shares within six months from their date of purchase
will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions of
long-term capital gain dividends with respect to such shares during such
six-month period. All or a portion of a loss realized upon the redemption of
shares of the Fund may be disallowed to the extent shares of the Fund are
purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30
days before or after such redemption.
Distributions and redemptions may be subject to state and local income
taxes, and the treatment thereof may differ from the federal income tax
treatment. Foreign taxes may apply to non-U.S. investors.
The above discussion and the related discussion in the Prospectus are
not intended to be complete discussions of all applicable federal tax
consequences of an investment in the Fund. The law firm of Heller, Ehrman, White
& McAuliffe has expressed no opinion in respect thereof. Nonresident aliens and
foreign persons are subject to different tax rules, and may be subject to
withholding of up to 30% on certain payments received from the Fund.
Shareholders are advised to consult with their own tax advisers concerning the
application of foreign, federal, state and local taxes to an investment in the
Fund.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from the Fund's investment company taxable income (whether
paid in cash or invested in additional shares) will be taxable to shareholders
B-18
<PAGE>
as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's earnings and profits.
Distributions of the Fund's net capital gain (whether paid in cash or invested
in additional shares) will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain,
regardless of how long they have held their Fund shares.
Dividends declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any
year and payable to shareholders of record on a date in one of such months will
be deemed to have been paid by the Fund and received by the shareholders on the
record date if the dividends are paid by the Fund during the following January.
Accordingly, such dividends will be taxed to shareholders for the year in which
the record date falls.
The Fund or any securities dealer effecting a redemption of the Fund's
shares by a shareholder will be required to file information reports with the
IRS with respect to distributions and payments made to the shareholder. In
addition, the Fund will be required to withhold federal income tax at the rate
of 31% on taxable dividends, redemptions and other payments made to accounts of
individual or other non-exempt shareholders who have not furnished their correct
taxpayer identification numbers and made certain required certifications on the
Account Application Form or with respect to which the Fund or the securities
dealer has been notified by the IRS that the number furnished is incorrect or
that the account is otherwise subject to withholding. Amounts withheld under
these rules will be creditable against a shareholder's federal income tax
liability.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
Total Return
Average annual total return quotations used in the Fund's advertising
and promotional materials are calculated according to the following formula:
n
P(1 + T) = ERV
where "P" equals a hypothetical initial payment of $1000; "T" equals average
annual total return; "n" equals the number of years; and "ERV" equals the ending
redeemable value at the end of the period of a hypothetical $1000 payment made
at the beginning of the period.
Under the foregoing formula, the time periods used in advertising will
be based on rolling calendar quarters, updated to the last day of the most
recent quarter prior to submission of the advertising for publication. Average
annual total return, or "T" in the above formula, is computed by finding the
average annual compounded rates of return over the period that would equate the
initial amount invested to the ending redeemable value. Average annual total
return assumes the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. Yield
Annualized yield quotations used in the Fund's advertising and
promotional materials are calculated by dividing the Fund's investment income
for a specified thirty-day period, net of expenses, by the average number of
shares outstanding during the period, and expressing the result as an annualized
percentage (assuming semi-annual compounding) of the net asset value per share
at the end of the period. Yield quotations are calculated according to the
following formula:
6
YIELD = 2 [(a-b/cd + 1) - 1]
where "a" equals dividends and interest earned during the period; "b" equals
expenses accrued for the period, net of reimbursements; "c" equals the average
daily number of shares outstanding during the period that are entitled to
receive dividends and "d" equals the maximum offering price per share on the
last day of the period.
Except as noted below, in determining net investment income earned
during the period ("a" in the above formula), the Fund calculates interest
earned on each debt obligation held by it during the period by (1) computing the
obligation's yield to maturity, based on the market value of the obligation
(including actual accrued interest) on the last business day of the period or,
if the obligation was purchased during the period, the purchase price plus
B-19
<PAGE>
s
accrued interest; (2) dividing the yield to maturity by 360 and multiplying the
resulting quotient by the market value of the obligation (including actual
accrued interest). Once interest earned is calculated in this fashion for each
debt obligation held by the Fund, net investment income is then determined by
totaling all such interest earned.
For purposes of these calculations, the maturity of an obligation with
one or more call provisions is assumed to be the next date on which the
obligation reasonably can be expected to be called or, if none, the maturity
date. Other information
Performance data of the Fund quoted in advertising and other
promotional materials represents past performance and is not intended to predict
or indicate future results. The return and principal value of an investment in
the Fund will fluctuate, and an investor's redemption proceeds may be more or
less than the original investment amount. In advertising and promotional
materials the Fund may compare its performance with data published by Lipper
Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper") or CDA Investment Technologies, Inc.
("CDA"). The Fund also may refer in such materials to mutual fund performance
rankings and other data, such as comparative asset, expense and fee levels,
published by Lipper or CDA. Advertising and promotional materials also may refer
to discussions of the Fund and comparative mutual fund data and ratings reported
in independent periodicals including, but not limited to, The Wall Street
Journal, Money Magazine, Forbes, Business Week, Financial World and Barron's.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Trust is a newly organized entity and has no prior business
history. The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to issue an unlimited
number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest and to divide or
combine the shares into a greater or lesser number of shares without thereby
changing the proportionate beneficial interest in the Fund. Each share
represents an interest in the Fund proportionately equal to the interest of each
other share. Upon the Fund's liquidation, all shareholders would share pro rata
in the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders. If
they deem it advisable and in the best interest of shareholders, the Board of
Trustees may create additional series of shares which differ from each other
only as to dividends. The Board of Trustees has created two series of shares,
and may create additional series in the future, which have separate assets and
liabilities. Income and operating expenses not specifically attributable to a
particular Fund are be allocated fairly among the Funds by the Trustees,
generally on the basis of the relative net assets of each Fund.
Rule 18f-2 under the 1940 Act provides that as to any investment
company which has two or more series outstanding and as to any matter required
to be submitted to shareholder vote, such matter is not deemed to have been
effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a "majority" (as
defined in the Rule) of the voting securities of each series affected by the
matter. Such separate voting requirements do not apply to the election of
Trustees or the ratification of the selection of accountants. The Rule contains
special provisions for cases in which an advisory contract is approved by one or
more, but not all, series. A change in investment policy may go into effect as
to one or more series whose holders so approve the change even though the
required vote is not obtained as to the holders of other affected series.
The Fund's custodian, Star Bank, 425 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, Ohio
45202 is responsible for holding the Funds' assets. American Data Services, 24
W. Carver Street, Huntington, NY 11743 acts as the Fund's accounting services
agent. The Fund's independent accountants, , 555 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY
10017, assist in the preparation of certain reports to the Securities and
Exchange Commission and the Fund's tax returns.
Shares of the Fund owned by the Trustees and officers as a group were
less than 1% at , 1997.
APPENDIX
Description of Ratings
Moody's Investors Service, Inc.: Corporate Bond Ratings
Aaa--Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality and
carry the smallest degree of investment risk. Interest payments are protected by
a large or by an exceptionally stable margin, and principal is secure. While the
various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be
visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such
issues.
B-20
<PAGE>
Aa---Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all
standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as
high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of
protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective
elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present
which make the long term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
Moody's applies numerical modifiers "1", "2" and "3" to both the Aaa
and Aa rating classifications. The modifier "1" indicates that the security
ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier "2"
indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier "3" indicates that the issue
ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.
A--Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes
and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving
security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be
present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Baa--Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade
obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured.
Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but
certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically
unreliable over any great period of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment
characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.
Standard & Poor's Corporation: Corporate Bond Ratings
AAA--This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's to a debt
obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and
interest.
AA--Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations.
Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of
instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.
A--Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest,
although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions.
BBB--Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay
principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection
parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more
likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in
this category than for bonds in the A category.
Commercial Paper Ratings
Moody's commercial paper ratings are assessments of the issuer's
ability to repay punctually promissory obligations. Moody's employs the
following three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the
relative repayment capacity of rated issuers: Prime 1--highest quality; Prime
2--higher quality; Prime 3--high quality.
A Standard & Poor's commercial paper rating is a current assessment of
the likelihood of timely payment. Ratings are graded into four categories,
ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to "D" for the lowest.
Issues assigned the highest rating, A, are regarded as having the
greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are delineated
with the numbers "1", "2" and "3" to indicate the relative degree of safety. The
designation A-1 indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is
either overwhelming or very strong. A "+" designation is applied to those issues
rated "A-1" which possess extremely strong safety characteristics. Capacity for
timely payment on issues with the designation "A-2" is strong. However, the
relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1. Issues
carrying the designation "A-3" have a satisfactory capacity for timely payment.
They are, however, somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effect of changes in
circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
B-21
<PAGE>
Preliminary Prospectus dated January , 1997
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission but has not yet become effective. Information
contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not
be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration
statement becomes effective. This prospectus shall not constitute an offer to
sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these
securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would
be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of
any such jurisdiction.
American Trust Allegiance Fund
One Court Street
Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766
The American Trust Allegiance Fund (the "Fund") is a mutual fund with
the investment objective of capital appreciation. The Fund attempts to achieve
its objective by investing in equity securities. See "Investment Objective and
Policies." There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment
objective.
This Prospectus sets forth basic information about the Fund that
prospective investors should know before investing. It should be read and
retained for future reference. The Fund is a separate series of Advisors Series
Trust (the "Trust"), an open-end registered management investment company. A
Statement of Additional Information dated , 1997, as may be amended from time to
time, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is
incorporated herein by reference. This Statement of Additional Information is
available without charge upon request to the Fund at the address given above.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and
Exchange Commission or any state securities commission nor has the Securities
and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission passed upon the
accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Prospectus dated , 1997
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Expense Table............................... 2
Investment Objective and Policies........... 3
Management of the Fund...................... 5
Investor Guide.............................. 7
Services Available to Shareholders.......... 10
How to Redeem Your Shares................... 11
Distributions and Taxes..................... 16
General Information......................... 17
EXPENSE TABLE
Expenses are one of several factors to consider when investing in the Fund.
There are two types of expenses involved: shareholder transaction expenses, such
as sales loads, and annual operating expenses, such as investment advisory fees.
The Fund is a no-load mutual fund and has no shareholder transaction expenses.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Annual Operating Expenses
(As a percentage of average net assets)
<S> <C>
Investment Advisory Fees........................................................... 0.95%
Other Expenses..................................................................... 0.55%
----
Total Operating Expenses (estimated for the current fiscal year)................... 1.50%
----
</TABLE>
The purpose of the above fee table is to provide an understanding of the various
annual operating expenses which may be borne directly or indirectly by an
investment in the Fund. Actual expenses may be more or less than those shown.
The Fund's total operating expenses are not expected to exceed 1.50% of average
net assets annually, but in the event that they do, the Advisor has agreed to
reduce its fees to insure that the expenses for the Fund will not exceed 1.50%.
If the Advisor did not limit the Fund's expenses, it is expected that total
operating expenses would be 2.45%. If the Advisor does waive any of its fees,
the Fund may reimburse the Advisor in future years. See "Management of the
Fund."
Example
This table illustrates the net operating expenses that would be incurred by an
investment in the Fund over different time periods assuming a $1,000 investment,
a 5% annual return, and redemption at the end of each time period.
1 Year 3 Years
$15 $47
The Example shown above should not be considered a representation of past or
future expenses and actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. In
addition, federal regulations require the Example to assume a 5% annual return,
but the Fund's actual return may be higher or lower. See "Management of the
Fund."
-2-
<PAGE>
The minimum initial investment in the Fund is $2,500, with subsequent minimum
investments of $250 or more ($1,000 and $100, respectively, for retirement
plans). Shares will be redeemed at their net asset value.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
What is the Fund's investment objective?
The investment objective of the Fund is to seek capital appreciation. There can
be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its objective.
How does the Fund seek to achieve its objective?
American Trust Company (the "Advisor") selects equity securities for the Fund's
portfolio that it expects will appreciate in value over the long term. The
Advisor uses a "bottom up" approach to stock investing and does not attempt to
forecast the U.S. economy, interest rates, inflation or the U.S. stock market.
It focuses on finding companies which meet its financial criteria, and it
purchases the securities of those companies with the intention of holding them
for a minimum of three years, subject to changes in fundamentals, valuation or
competitive position. Companies should demonstrate leadership, operating
momentum and strong prospects for annual growth rates of 15% or better. Among
mid- to large-size companies, the Advisor singles out those that have a stable
earnings history or strong earnings potential. Normally, the companies in which
the Fund invests represent eight different major economic or market sectors.
The Fund will not invest in companies that are involved in the tobacco,
pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical diagnostic services and products,
-3-
<PAGE>
gambling and liquor industries. While a company may conduct operations in one of
these areas, the Fund will not invest in such a company unless current revenues
from these industries represent less than 5% of the total revenues of the
company. The great majority of companies in which the Fund invests will have no
operations in these industries.
The Advisor expects that the Fund's portfolio will generally consist of
predominantly large and mid-capitalization stocks, but in some market
environments small capitalization stocks may constitute a large portion of the
Fund's portfolio. A small capitalization stock is considered to be one which has
a market capitalization of less than $500 million at the time of investment. To
the extent that the Fund does invest in small capitalization stocks, there is
the risk that its portfolio will be less marketable and may be subject to
greater fluctuations in price than a portfolio holding stocks of larger issuers.
Small capitalization stocks often pay no dividends, but income is not a primary
goal of the Fund. The Advisor does not expect the Fund's annual turnover rate to
exceed 50%.
There is, of course, no assurance that the Fund's objective will be achieved.
Because prices of common stocks and other securities fluctuate, the value of an
investment in the Fund will vary as the market value of its investment portfolio
changes.
Other securities the Fund might purchase.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 85% of its total
assets in common stocks. If the Advisor believes that market conditions warrant
a temporary defensive posture, the Fund may invest without limit in high
-4-
<PAGE>
quality, short-term debt securities and money market instruments. These
short-term debt securities and money market instruments include commercial
paper, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, U.S. Government securities
and repurchase agreements.
Investment restrictions.
The Fund has adopted certain investment restrictions, which are described fully
in the Statement of Additional Information. Like the Fund's investment
objective, certain of these restrictions are fundamental and may be changed only
by a majority vote of the Fund's outstanding shares. As a fundamental policy,
the Fund is diversified, which means that as to 75% of its total assets, no more
than 5% may be invested in the securities of a single issuer and that no more
than 10% of its total assets may be invested in the voting securities of such
issuer.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
The Board of Trustees of the Trust establishes the Fund's policies and
supervises and reviews the management of the Fund.
The Advisor.
The Fund's Advisor, American Trust Company, One Court Street, Lebanon, New
Hampshire 03766 is dedicated primarily to providing investment management
services to individuals, charitable organizations, foundations and corporations.
The Advisor has not previously managed a mutual fund, but it provides investment
management services to individual and institutional accounts with an aggregate
value in excess of $120 million. Paul H. Collins (who controls the Advisor) and
Jeffrey M. Harris, CFA, President and Senior Vice President, respectively, of
-5-
<PAGE>
the Advisor, are principally responsible for the management of the Fund's
portfolio. They have been in the investment field professionally for 20 and 6
years, respectively.
The Advisor provides the Fund with advice on buying and selling securities,
manages the investments of the Fund, furnishes the Fund with office space and
certain administrative services, and provides most of the personnel needed by
the Fund. As compensation, the Fund pays the Advisor a monthly management fee
based upon the average daily net assets of the Fund at the annual rate of 0.95%.
The Administrator.
Investment Company Administration Corporation (the "Administrator") prepares
various federal and state regulatory filings, reports and returns for the Fund,
prepares reports and materials to be supplied to the trustees, monitors the
activities of the Fund's custodian, shareholder servicing agent and accountants,
and coordinates the preparation and payment of Fund expenses and reviews the
Fund's expense accruals. For its services, the Administrator receives a monthly
fee at the annual rate of 0.25%, subject to a $30,000 annual minimum.
Other operating expenses.
The Fund is responsible for
its own operating expenses, including but not limited to, the advisory and
administration fees, custody and shareholder servicing agent fees, legal and
auditing expenses, federal and state registration fees, and fees to the Trust's
disinterested trustees. The Advisor may reduce its fees or reimburse the Fund
for expenses at any time in order to reduce the Fund's expenses. Reductions made
-6-
<PAGE>
by the Advisor in its fees or payments or reimbursements of expenses which are
the Fund's obligation are subject to reimbursement by the Fund provided the Fund
is able to do so and remain in compliance with any applicable expense
limitations.
Brokerage transactions.
The Advisor considers a number of factors in determining which brokers or
dealers to use for the Fund's portfolio transactions. While these are more fully
discussed in the Statement of Additional Information, the factors include, but
are not limited to, the reasonableness of commissions, quality of services and
execution, and the availability of research which the Advisor may lawfully and
appropriately use in its investment advisory capacities.
INVESTOR GUIDE
How to purchase shares of the Fund.
There are two ways to purchase shares of the Fund. Both of them require you to
complete an Application Form, which accompanies this Prospectus. If you have
questions about how to invest, or about how to complete the Application Form,
please call an account representative at (800) 000-0000. You may send money to
the Fund by mail. If you wish to invest by mail, simply complete the Application
Form and mail it with a check (made payable to American Trust Allegiance Fund)
to the Fund's Shareholder Servicing Agent:
American Trust Allegiance Fund
P.O. Box 000
Cincinnati, OH 45264-0856
-7-
<PAGE>
You may wire money to the Fund.
Before sending a wire, you should call the Fund at (800) 000-0000 between 9:00
a.m. and 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on a day when the New York Stock Exchange
("NYSE") is open for trading, in order to receive an account number. It is
important to call and receive this account number, because if your wire is sent
without it or without the name of the Fund, there may be a delay in investing
the money you wire. You should then ask your bank to wire money to:
Star Bank, N.A. Cinti/Trust
ABA # 0420-0001-3
for credit to American Trust Allegiance Fund
DDA #
for further credit to [your name and account
number]
Your bank may charge you a fee for sending a wire to the Fund.
Minimum investments.
The minimum initial investment in the Fund is $2,500. The minimum subsequent
investment is $250. However, if you are investing in an Individual Retirement
Account ("IRA"), or you are starting a Check-A-Matic Investing Plan (see below),
the minimum initial and subsequent investments are $1,000 and $100,
respectively.
Subsequent investments.
You may purchase additional shares of the
Fund by sending a check, with the stub from an account statement, to the Fund at
the address above. Please also write your account number on the check. (If you
do not have a stub from an account statement, you can write your name, address
and account number on a separate piece of paper and enclose it with your check.)
If you want to send additional money for investment by wire, it is important for
you to call the Fund at (800) 000-0000.
-8-
<PAGE>
When is money invested in the Fund?
Any money received for investment in the Fund, whether sent by check or by wire,
is invested at the net asset value of the Fund which is next calculated after
the money is received (assuming the check or wire correctly identifies the Fund
and account). The net asset value is calculated at the close of regular trading
of the NYSE, currently 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. A check or wire received after
the NYSE closes is invested as of the next calculation of the Fund's net asset
value.
What is the net asset value of the Fund?
The Fund's net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the value of the
Fund's total assets, less its liabilities, by the number of its shares
outstanding. In calculating the net asset value, portfolio securities are valued
using current market values, if available. Securities for which market
quotations are not readily available are valued at fair values determined in
good faith by or under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
The fair value of short-term obligations with remaining maturities of 60 days or
less is considered to be their amortized cost.
Other information.
First Fund Distributors, Inc., 4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E, Phoenix, AZ
85018, an affiliate of the Administrator, is the principal underwriter
("Distributor") of the Fund's shares. The Distributor may waive the minimum
-9-
<PAGE>
investment requirements for purchases by certain group or retirement plans. All
investments must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on U.S.
banks. Third party checks will not be accepted. A charge may be imposed if any
check used for investment does not clear. The Fund and the Distributor reserve
the right to reject any investment, in whole or in part. Federal tax law
requires that investors provide a certified taxpayer identification number and
other certifications on opening an account in order to avoid backup withholding
of taxes. See the Application Form for more information about backup
withholding. The Fund is not required to issue share certificates; all shares
are normally held in non-certificated form on the books of the Fund, for the
account of the shareholder.
SERVICES AVAILABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS
Retirement Plans.
You may obtain a prototype IRA plan from the Fund. Shares of the Fund are also
eligible investments for other types of retirement plan.
Automatic investing by check.
You may make regular monthly investments in the Fund using the "Check-A-Matic
Plan." A check is automatically drawn on your personal checking account each
month for a predetermined amount (but not less than $100), as if you had written
it directly. Upon receipt of the withdrawn funds, the Fund automatically invests
the money in additional shares of the Fund at the current net asset value.
Applications for this service are available from the Fund. There is no charge by
the Fund for this service. The Fund may terminate or modify this privilege at
any time, and shareholders may terminate their participation by notifying the
Shareholder Servicing Agent in writing, sufficiently in advance of the next
withdrawal.
-10-
<PAGE>
Automatic withdrawals.
The Fund offers a Systematic Withdrawal Program whereby shareholders may request
that a check drawn in a predetermined amount be sent to them each month or
calendar quarter. To start this Program, your account must have Fund shares with
a value of at least $10,000, and the minimum amount that may be withdrawn each
month or quarter is $50. The Program may be terminated or modified by a
shareholder or the Fund at any time without charge or penalty. A withdrawal
under the Systematic Withdrawal Program involves a redemption of shares of the
Fund, and may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. In
addition, if the amount withdrawn exceeds the dividends credited to your
account, the account ultimately may be depleted.
HOW TO REDEEM YOUR SHARES
You have the right to redeem all or any portion of your shares of the Fund at
their net asset value on each day the NYSE is open for trading.
Redemption in writing.
You may redeem your shares by simply sending a written request to the Fund. You
should give your account number and state whether you want all or part of your
shares redeemed. The letter should be signed by all of the shareholders whose
names appear in the account registration. You should send your redemption
request to:
American Trust Allegiance Fund
24 West Carver Street, 2nd Floor
Huntington, NY 11743
-11-
<PAGE>
Signature guarantee.
If the value of the shares you wish to redeem exceeds $5,000, the signatures on
the redemption request must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor
institution." These institutions include banks, broker-dealers, credit unions
and savings institutions. A broker-dealer guaranteeing a signature must be a
member of a clearing corporation or maintain net capital of at least $100,000.
Credit unions must be authorized to issue signature guarantees. Signature
guarantees will be accepted from any eligible guarantor institution which
participates in a signature guarantee program. A notary public is not an
acceptable guarantor.
Redemption by telephone.
If you complete the Redemption by Telephone portion of the Fund's Application
Form, you may redeem shares on any business day the NYSE is open by calling the
Fund's Shareholder Servicing Agent at (800) 000-0000 before 4:00 p.m. Eastern
time. Redemption proceeds will be mailed or wired, at your direction, on the
next business day to the bank account you designated on the Application Form.
The minimum amount that may be wired is $1,000 (wire charges, if any, will be
deducted from redemption proceeds). Telephone redemptions cannot be made for IRA
accounts.
By establishing telephone redemption privileges, you authorize the Fund and its
Shareholder Servicing Agent to act upon the instruction of any person who makes
the telephone call to redeem shares from your account and transfer the proceeds
to the bank account designated in the Application Form. The Fund and the
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<PAGE>
Shareholder Servicing Agent will use procedures to confirm that redemption
instructions received by telephone are genuine, including recording of telephone
instructions and requiring a form of personal identification before acting on
these instructions. If these normal identification procedures are followed,
neither the Fund nor the Shareholder Servicing Agent will be liable for any
loss, liability, or cost which results from acting upon instructions of a person
believed to be a shareholder with respect to the telephone redemption privilege.
The Fund may change, modify, or terminate these privileges at any time upon at
least 60-days' notice to shareholders.
You may request telephone redemption privileges after your account is opened;
however, the authorization form will require a separate signature guarantee.
Shareholders may experience delays in exercising telephone redemption privileges
during periods of abnormal market activity.
What price is used for a redemption?
The redemption price is the net asset value of the Fund's shares, next
determined after shares are validly tendered for redemption. All signatures of
account holders must be included in the request, and a signature guarantee, if
required, must also be included for the request to be valid.
When are redemption payments made?
As noted above, redemption payments for telephone redemptions are sent on the
day after the telephone call is received. Payments for redemptions sent in
writing are normally made promptly, but no later than seven days after the
receipt of a valid request.
-13-
<PAGE>
However, the Fund may suspend the right of redemption under certain
extraordinary circumstances in accordance with rules of the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
If shares were purchased by wire, they cannot be redeemed until the day after
the Application Form is received. If shares were purchased by check and then
redeemed shortly after the check is received, the Fund may delay sending the
redemption proceeds until it has been notified that the check used to purchase
the shares has been collected, a process which may take up to 15 days. This
delay can be avoided by investing by wire or by using a certified or official
bank check to make the purchase.
Other information about redemptions.
A redemption may result in recognition of a gain or loss for federal income tax
purposes. Due to the relatively high cost of maintaining smaller accounts, the
shares in your account (unless it is a retirement plan or Uniform Gifts or
Transfers to Minors Act account) may be redeemed by the Fund if, due to
redemptions you have made, the total value of your account is reduced to less
than $500. If the Fund determines to make such an involuntary redemption, you
will first be notified that the value of your account is less than $500, and you
will be allowed 30 days to make an additional investment to bring the value of
your account to at least $500 before the Fund takes any action.
DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
-14-
<PAGE>
Dividends and other distributions.
Dividends from net investment income, if any, are normally declared and paid by
the Fund in December. Capital gains distributions, if any, are also normally
made in December, but the Fund may make an additional payment of dividends or
distributions if it deems it desirable at another time during any year.
Dividends and capital gain distributions (net of any required tax withholding)
are automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund at the net asset
value per share on the reinvestment date unless you have previously requested in
writing to the Shareholder Servicing Agent that payment be made in cash.
Any dividend or distribution paid by the Fund has the effect of reducing the net
asset value per share on the record date by the amount of the dividend or
distribution. You should note that a dividend or distribution paid on shares
purchased shortly before that dividend or distribution was declared will be
subject to income taxes even though the dividend or distribution represents, in
substance, a partial return of capital to you.
Taxes
The Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a regulated investment
company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code"). As
long as the Fund continues to qualify, and as long as the Fund distributes all
of its income each year to the shareholders, the Fund will not be subject to any
federal income or excise taxes. Distributions made by the Fund will be taxable
to shareholders whether received in shares (through dividend reinvestment ) or
in cash. Distributions derived from net investment income, including net
short-term capital gains, are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. A
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<PAGE>
portion of these distributions may qualify for the intercorporate
dividends-received deduction. Distributions designated as capital gains
dividends are taxable as long-term capital gains regardless of the length of
time shares of the Fund have been held. Although distributions are generally
taxable when received, certain distributions made in January are taxable as if
received the prior December. You will be informed annually of the amount and
nature of the Fund's distributions. Additional information about taxes is set
forth in the Statement of Additional Information. You should consult your own
advisers concerning federal, state and local taxation of distributions from the
Fund.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Trust.
The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on October 3, 1996. The
Agreement and Declaration of Trust permits the Board of Trustees to issue an
unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, without
par value, which may be issued in any number of series. The Board of Trustees
may from time to time issue other series, the assets and liabilities of which
will be separate and distinct from any other series. The fiscal year of the Fund
ends on November 30.
Shareholder Rights
Shares issued by the Fund have no preemptive, conversion, or subscription
rights. Shareholders have equal and exclusive rights as to dividends and
distributions as declared by the Fund and to the net assets of the Fund upon
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<PAGE>
liquidation or dissolution. The Fund, as a separate series of the Trust, votes
separately on matters affecting only the Fund (e.g., approval of the Investment
Advisory Agreement); all series of the Trust vote as a single class on matters
affecting all series jointly or the Trust as a whole (e.g., election or removal
of Trustees). Voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than
50% of the shares voting in any election of Trustees can, if they so choose,
elect all of the Trustees. While the Trust is not required and does not intend
to hold annual meetings of shareholders, such meetings may be called by the
Trustees in their discretion, or upon demand by the holders of 10% or more of
the outstanding shares of the Trust for the purpose of electing or removing
Trustees.
Performance Information.
From time to time, the Fund may publish its total return in advertisements and
communications to investors. Total return information will include the Fund's
average annual compounded rate of return over the most recent four calendar
quarters and over the period from the Fund's inception of operations. The Fund
may also advertise aggregate and average total return information over different
periods of time. The Fund's total return will be based upon the value of the
shares acquired through a hypothetical $1,000 investment at the beginning of the
specified period and the net asset value of those shares at the end of the
period, assuming reinvestment of all distributions. Total return figures will
reflect all recurring charges against Fund income. You should note that the
investment results of the Fund will fluctuate over time, and any presentation of
the Fund's total return for any prior period should not be considered as a
representation of what an investor's total return may be in any future period.
Shareholder Inquiries. Shareholder inquiries should be directed to the
Shareholder Servicing Agent at (800) 000-0000.
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<PAGE>
Subject to Completion. Preliminary Statement of Additional Information
dated January , 1997
Information contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. A
registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. These securities may not be sold nor may any
offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes
effective. This Statement of Additional Information does not constitute a
prospectus.
AMERICAN TRUST ALLEGIANCE FUND
Statement of Additional Information
Dated , 1997
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus, and it should be
read in conjunction with the prospectus dated , 1997, as may be amended from
time to time, of the American Trust Allegiance Fund (the "Fund"), a series of
Advisors Series Trust (the "Trust"). American Trust Company (the "Advisor") is
the Advisor to the Fund. A copy of the prospectus may be obtained from the Fund
at [address].
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cross-reference to sections
Page in the prospectus
<S> <C> <C>
Investment Objective and Policies.................... B-2 Investment Objective and Policies
Management........................................... B-5 Management of the Fund; General Information
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage................. B-7 Management of the Fund
Net Asset Value...................................... B-8 Investor Guide
Taxation ........................................... B-8 Distributions and Taxes
Dividends and Distributions.......................... B-9 Distributions and Taxes
Performance Information.............................. B-10 General Information
General Information.................................. B-11 General Information
Appendix ........................................... B-12 Not applicable
</TABLE>
B-1
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
The investment objective of the Fund is to seek capital appreciation.
There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its objective. The discussion
below supplements information contained in the prospectus as to investment
policies of the Fund.
Short-Term Investments
The Fund may invest in any of the following securities and instruments:
Bank Certificates or Deposit, Bankers' Acceptances and Time Deposits.
The Fund may acquire certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and time
deposits. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against
funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a
specified return. Bankers' acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of
exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific
merchandise, which are "accepted" by a bank, meaning in effect that the bank
unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity.
Certificates of deposit and bankers' acceptances acquired by the Fund will be
dollar-denominated obligations of domestic or foreign banks or financial
institutions which at the time of purchase have capital, surplus and undivided
profits in excess of $100 million (including assets of both domestic and foreign
branches), based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if the
principal amount of such bank obligations are fully insured by the U.S.
Government. If the Fund holds instruments of foreign banks or financial
institutions, it may be subject to additional investment risks that are
different in some respects from those incurred by a fund which invests only in
debt obligations of U.S. domestic issuers. See "Foreign Investments" below. Such
risks include future political and economic developments, the possible
imposition of withholding taxes by the particular country in which the issuer is
located on interest income payable on the securities, the possible seizure or
nationalization of foreign deposits, the possible establishment of exchange
controls or the adoption of other foreign governmental restrictions which might
adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on these securities.
Domestic banks and foreign banks are subject to different governmental
regulations with respect to the amount and types of loans which may be made and
interest rates which may be charged. In addition, the profitability of the
banking industry depends largely upon the availability and cost of funds for the
purpose of financing lending operations under prevailing money market
conditions. General economic conditions as well as exposure to credit losses
arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers play an important part
in the operations of the banking industry.
As a result of federal and state laws and regulations, domestic banks
are, among other things, required to maintain specified levels of reserves,
limited in the amount which they can loan to a single borrower, and subject to
other regulations designed to promote financial soundness. However, such laws
and regulations do not necessarily apply to foreign bank obligations that the
Fund may acquire.
In addition to purchasing certificates of deposit and bankers'
acceptances, to the extent permitted under its investment objectives and
policies stated above and in its prospectus, the Fund may make interest-bearing
time or other interest-bearing deposits in commercial or savings banks. Time
deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained at a banking institution for a
specified period of time at a specified interest rate.
Savings Association Obligations. The Fund may invest in certificates of
deposit (interest-bearing time deposits) issued by savings banks or savings and
loan associations that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of
$100 million, based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if
the principal amount of such obligations is fully insured by the U.S.
Government.
Commercial Paper, Short-Term Notes and Other Corporate Obligations. The
Fund may invest a portion of its assets in commercial paper and short-term
notes. Commercial paper consists of unsecured promissory notes issued by
corporations. Issues of commercial paper and short-term notes will normally have
maturities of less than nine months and fixed rates of return, although such
instruments may have maturities of up to one year.
Commercial paper and short-term notes will consist of issues rated at
the time of purchase "A-1" or higher by Standard & Poor's ("S&P"), "Prime-1" by
Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"), or similarly rated by another
nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, if unrated, will be
determined by the Advisor to be of comparable quality. These rating symbols are
described in Appendix A.
B-2
<PAGE>
Money Market Funds
The Fund may under certain circumstances invest a portion of its assets
in money market funds. The Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act")
prohibits the Fund from investing more than 5% of the value of its total assets
in any one investment company. or more than 10% of the value of its total assets
in investment companies as a group, and also restricts its investment in any
investment company to 3% of the voting securities of such investment company.
The Advisor will not impose advisory fees on assets of the Fund invested in a
money market mutual fund. However, an investment in a money market mutual fund
will involve payment by the Fund of its pro rata share of advisory and
administrative fees charged by such fund.
Government Obligations
The Fund may make short-term investments in U.S. Government
obligations. Such obligations include Treasury bills, certificates of
indebtedness, notes and bonds, and issues of such entities as the Government
National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Export-Import Bank of the United States,
Tennessee Valley Authority, Resolution Funding Corporation, Farmers Home
Administration, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks,
Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, Federal Housing Administration,
Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation, and the Student Loan Marketing Association.
Some of these obligations, such as those of the GNMA, are supported by
the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the
Export-Import Bank of United States, are supported by the right of the issuer to
borrow from the Treasury; others, such as those of the FNMA, are supported by
the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agency's
obligations; still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing
Association, are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No
assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support
to U.S. Government-sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so
by law.
Foreign Investments and Currencies
The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers that are publicly
traded in the United States. The Fund may also invest up to 5% of its total
assets in depositary receipts.
Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts ("DRs") include American
Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), European Depositary Receipts ("EDRs"), Global
Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") or other forms of depositary receipts. DRs are
receipts typically issued in connection with a U.S. or foreign bank or trust
company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign
corporation.
Risks of Investing in Foreign Securities. Investments in foreign
securities involve certain inherent risks, including the following:
Political and Economic Factors. Individual foreign economies of certain
countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States' economy in
such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital
reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, diversification and balance of payments
position. The internal politics of certain foreign countries may not be as
stable as those of the United States. Governments in certain foreign countries
also continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest
or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could
include restrictions on foreign investment, nationalization, expropriation of
goods or imposition of taxes, and could have a significant effect on market
prices of securities and payment of interest. The economies of many foreign
countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly
affected by the trade policies and economic conditions of their trading
partners. Enactment by these trading partners of protectionist trade legislation
could have a significant adverse effect upon the securities markets of such
countries.
Legal and Regulatory Matters. Certain foreign countries may have less
supervision of securities markets, brokers and issuers of securities, and less
financial information available to issuers, than is available in the United
States.
Taxes. The interest and dividends payable on certain of the Fund's
foreign portfolio securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thus
reducing the net amount of income available for distribution to the Fund's
shareholders.
In considering whether to invest in the securities of a foreign
company, the Advisor considers such factors as the characteristics of the
particular company, differences between economic trends and the performance of
securities markets within the U.S. and those within other countries, and also
factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of
the country or countries where the company is located. The extent to which the
Fund will be invested in foreign companies and countries and depository receipts
will fluctuate from time to time within the limitations described in the
prospectus, depending on the Advisor's assessment of prevailing market, economic
and other conditions.
B-3
<PAGE>
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to its
portfolio securities. Pursuant to such agreements, the Fund acquires securities
from financial institutions such as banks and broker-dealers as are deemed to be
creditworthy by the Advisor, subject to the seller's agreement to repurchase and
the Fund's agreement to resell such securities at a mutually agreed upon date
and price. The repurchase price generally equals the price paid by the Fund plus
interest negotiated on the basis of current short-term rates (which may be more
or less than the rate on the underlying portfolio security). Securities subject
to repurchase agreements will be held by the Custodian or in the Federal
Reserve/Treasury Book-Entry System or an equivalent foreign system. The seller
under a repurchase agreement will be required to maintain the value of the
underlying securities at not less than 102% of the repurchase price under the
agreement. If the seller defaults on its repurchase obligation, the Fund will
suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from a sale of the underlying
securities are less than the repurchase price under the agreement. Bankruptcy or
insolvency of such a defaulting seller may cause the Fund's rights with respect
to such securities to be delayed or limited. Repurchase agreements are
considered to be loans under the 1940 Act.
Borrowing
The Fund is authorized to borrow money from time to time for
temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes or for clearance of transactions
in amounts up to 5% of the value of its total assets at the time of such
borrowings.
Risks of Investing in Small Companies
As stated in the prospectus, the Fund may invest in securities of small
companies. Additional risks of such investments include the markets on which
such securities are frequently traded. In many instances the securities of
smaller companies are traded only over-the-counter or on a regional securities
exchange, and the frequency and volume of their trading is substantially less
than is typical of larger companies. Therefore, the securities of smaller
companies may be subject to greater and more abrupt price fluctuations. When
making large sales, the Fund may have to sell portfolio holdings at discounts
from quoted prices or may have to make a series of small sales over an extended
period of time due to the trading volume of smaller company securities.
Investors should be aware that, based on the foregoing factors, an investment in
the Fund may be subject to greater price fluctuations than an investment in a
fund that invests exclusively in larger, more established companies. The
Advisor's research efforts may also play a greater role in selecting securities
for the Fund than in a fund that invests in larger, more established companies.
Investment Restrictions
The Trust (on behalf of the Fund) has adopted the following
restrictions as fundamental policies, which may not be changed without the
favorable vote of the holders of a "majority," as defined in the 1940 Act, of
the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Under the 1940 Act, the "vote of
the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" means the vote
of the holders of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the Fund represented at
a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of its outstanding shares are
represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund is diversified; i.e., as to
75% of the value of a its total assets: (i) no more than 5% of the value of its
total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than
U.S. Government securities); and (ii) the Fund may not purchase more than 10% of
the outstanding voting securities of an issuer. The Fund's investment objective
is also fundamental.
In addition, the Fund may not:
1. Issue senior securities, borrow money or pledge its assets, except
that (i) the Fund may borrow on an unsecured basis from banks for temporary or
emergency purposes or for the clearance of transactions in amounts not exceeding
5% of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed), provided that it
will not make investments while borrowings in excess of 5% of the value of its
total assets are outstanding;
2. Purchase securities on margin, except such short-term credits as may
be necessary for the clearance of transactions;
B-4
<PAGE>
3. Act as underwriter (except to the extent the Fund may be deemed
to be an underwriter in connection with the sale of
securities in its investment portfolio);
4. Invest 25% or more of its total assets, calculated at the time of
purchase and taken at market value, in any one industry (other than U.S.
Government securities);
5. Purchase or sell real estate or interests in real estate or real
estate limited partnerships (although the Fund may purchase and sell securities
which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or
deal in real estate);
6. Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts;
7. Make loans of money (except for purchases of debt securities
consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and
except for repurchase agreements); or
8. Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management.
The Fund observes the following restrictions as a matter of operating
but not fundamental policy, pursuant to positions taken by federal regulatory
authorities:
The Fund may not:
1. Invest in the securities of other investment companies or purchase
any other investment company's voting securities or make any other investment in
other investment companies except to the extent permitted by federal law; or
2. Invest in securities which are restricted as to disposition or
otherwise are illiquid or have no readily available market (except for
securities which are determined by the Board of Trustees to be liquid).
MANAGEMENT
The overall management of the business and affairs of the Trust is
vested with its Board of Trustees. The Board approves all significant agreements
between the Trust and persons or companies furnishing services to it, including
the agreements with the Advisor, Administrator, Custodian and Transfer Agent.
The day to day operations of the Trust are delegated to its officers, subject to
the Fund's investment objectives and policies and to general supervision by the
Board of Trustees.
The Trustees and officers of the Trust, their ages and positions with
the Trust, their business addresses and principal occupations during the past
five years are:
Name, address and age Position Principal Occupation During Past Five Years
[To be filed by amendment]
* denotes Trustees who are "interested persons" of the Trust under the 1940 Act.
It is estimated that each Trustee who is not an interested person of the Trust
will receive a fee at the annual rate of $ The Advisor
Subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, investment
management and related services are provided by the Advisor, pursuant to an
Investment Advisory Agreement (the "Advisory Agreement").
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor agrees to invest the assets
of the Fund in accordance with the investment objectives, policies and
restrictions of the Fund as set forth in the Fund's and Trust's governing
documents, including, without limitation, the Trust's Agreement and Declaration
of Trust and By-Laws; the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional
information, and undertakings; and such other limitations, policies and
procedures as the Trustees of the Trust may impose from time to time in writing
to the Advisor. In providing such services, the Advisor shall at all times
adhere to the provisions and restrictions contained in the federal securities
laws, applicable state securities laws, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the
"Code"), and other applicable law.
B-5
<PAGE>
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Advisor has
agreed to (i) furnish the Fund with advice and recommendations with respect to
the investment of the Fund's assets, (ii) effect the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities; (iii) manage and oversee the investments of the Fund,
subject to the ultimate supervision and direction of the Trust's Board of
Trustees; (iv) vote proxies and take other actions with respect to the Fund's
securities; (v) maintain the books and records required to be maintained with
respect to the securities in the Fund's portfolio; (vi) furnish reports,
statements and other data on securities, economic conditions and other matters
related to the investment of the Fund's assets which the Trustees or the
officers of the Trust may reasonably request; and (vi) render to the Trust's
Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as the Board may reasonably
request. The Advisor has also agreed, at its own expense, to maintain such staff
and employ or retain such personnel and consult with such other persons as it
shall from time to time determine to be necessary to the performance of its
obligations under the Advisory Agreement. Personnel of the Advisor may serve as
officers of the Trust provided they do so without compensation from the Trust.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the staff and personnel of the
Advisor shall be deemed to include persons employed or retained by the Advisor
to furnish statistical information, research, and other factual information,
advice regarding economic factors and trends, information with respect to
technical and scientific developments, and such other information, advice and
assistance as the Advisor or the Trust's Board of Trustees may desire and
reasonably request. With respect to the operation of the Fund, the Advisor has
agreed to be responsible for the expenses of printing and distributing extra
copies of the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional information, and sales
and advertising materials (but not the legal, auditing or accounting fees
attendant thereto) to prospective investors (but not to existing shareholders);
and the costs of any special Board of Trustees meetings or shareholder meetings
convened for the primary benefit of the Advisor.
As compensation for the Advisor's services, the Fund pays it an
advisory fee at the rate specified in the prospectus. In addition to the fees
payable to the Advisor and the Administrator, the Trust is responsible for its
operating expenses, including: fees and expenses incurred in connection with the
issuance, registration and transfer of its shares; brokerage and commission
expenses; all expenses of transfer, receipt, safekeeping, servicing and
accounting for the cash, securities and other property of the Trust for the
benefit of the Fund including all fees and expenses of its custodian,
shareholder services agent and accounting services agent; interest charges on
any borrowings; costs and expenses of pricing and calculating its daily net
asset value and of maintaining its books of account required under the 1940 Act;
taxes, if any; a pro rata portion of expenditures in connection with meetings of
the Fund's shareholders and the Trust's Board of Trustees that are properly
payable by the Fund; salaries and expenses of officers and fees and expenses of
members of the Trust's Board of Trustees or members of any advisory board or
committee who are not members of, affiliated with or interested persons of the
Advisor or Administrator; insurance premiums on property or personnel of the
Fund which inure to its benefit, including liability and fidelity bond
insurance; the cost of preparing and printing reports, proxy statements,
prospectuses and statements of additional information of the Fund or other
communications for distribution to existing shareholders; legal, auditing and
accounting fees; trade association dues; fees and expenses (including legal
fees) of registering and maintaining registration of its shares for sale under
federal and applicable state and foreign securities laws; all expenses of
maintaining and servicing shareholder accounts, including all charges for
transfer, shareholder recordkeeping, dividend disbursing, redemption, and other
agents for the benefit of the Fund, if any; and all other charges and costs of
its operation plus any extraordinary and non-recurring expenses, except as
otherwise prescribed in the Advisory Agreement.
The Advisor may agree to waive certain of its fees or reimburse the
Fund for certain expenses, in order to limit the expense ratio of the Fund. In
that event, subject to approval by the Trust's Board of Trustees, the Fund may
reimburse the Advisor in subsequent years for fees waived and expenses
reimbursed, provided the expense ratio before reimbursement is less than the
expense limitation in effect at that time.
The Advisor is controlled by Paul H. Collins, its President.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will not be liable to the
Trust or the Fund or any shareholder for any act or omission in the course of,
or connected with, rendering services or for any loss sustained by the Trust
except in the case of a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of
compensation for services (in which case any award of damages will be limited as
provided in the 1940 Act) or of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross
negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the
Agreement.
B-6
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The Advisory Agreement will remain in effect for a period not to exceed
two years. Thereafter, if not terminated, the Advisory Agreement will continue
automatically for successive annual periods, provided that such continuance is
specifically approved at least annually (i) by a majority vote of the
Independent Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of
voting on such approval, and (ii) by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
The Advisory Agreement is terminable by vote of the Board of Trustees
or by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund
at any time without penalty, on 60 days written notice to the Advisor. The
Advisory Agreement also may be terminated by the Advisor on 60 days written
notice to the Trust. The Advisory Agreement terminates automatically upon its
assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
The Administrator. The Administrator has agreed to be responsible for
providing such services as the Trustees may reasonably request, including but
not limited to (i) maintaining the Trust's books and records (other than
financial or accounting books and records maintained by any custodian, transfer
agent or accounting services agent); (ii) overseeing the Trust's insurance
relationships; (iii) preparing for the Trust (or assisting counsel and/or
auditors in the preparation of) all required tax returns, proxy statements and
reports to the Trust's shareholders and Trustees and reports to and other
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any other governmental
agency (the Trust agreeing to supply or cause to be supplied to the
Administrator all necessary financial and other information in connection with
the foregoing); (iv) preparing such applications and reports as may be necessary
to permit the sale of shares of the Trust in various states selected by the
Trust (the Trust agreeing to pay all filing fees or other similar fees in
connection therewith); (v) responding to all inquiries or other communications
of shareholders, if any, which are directed to the Administrator, or if any such
inquiry or communication is more properly to be responded to by the Trust's
custodian, transfer agent or accounting services agent, overseeing their
response thereto; (vi) overseeing all relationships between the Trust and any
custodian(s), transfer agent(s) and accounting services agent(s), including the
negotiation of agreements and the supervision of the performance of such
agreements; and (vii) authorizing and directing any of the Administrator's
directors, officers and employees who may be elected as Trustees or officers of
the Trust to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. All services to
be furnished by the Administrator under this Agreement may be furnished through
the medium of any such directors, officers or employees of the Administrator.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
The Advisory Agreement states that the Advisor shall be responsible for
broker-dealer selection and for negotiation of brokerage commission rates,
provided that the Advisor shall not direct orders to an affiliated person of the
Advisor without general prior authorization to use such affiliated broker or
dealer by the Trust's Board of Trustees. The Advisor's primary consideration in
effecting a securities transaction will be execution at the most favorable
price. In selecting a broker-dealer to execute each particular transaction, the
Advisor may take the following into consideration: the best net price available;
the reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker-dealer; the
size of and difficulty in executing the order; and the value of the expected
contribution of the broker-dealer to the investment performance of the Fund on a
continuing basis. The price to the Fund in any transaction may be less favorable
than that available from another broker-dealer if the difference is reasonably
justified by other aspects of the portfolio execution services offered.
Subject to such policies as the Advisor and the Board of Trustees of
the Trust may determine, the Advisor shall not be deemed to have acted
unlawfully or to have breached any duty created by this Agreement or otherwise
solely by reason of its having caused the Fund to pay a broker or dealer that
provides (directly or indirectly) brokerage or research services to the Advisor
an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the
amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting
that transaction, if the Advisor determines in good faith that such amount of
commission was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services provided by such broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either that
particular transaction or the Advisor's overall responsibilities with respect to
the Fund. The Advisor is further authorized to allocate the orders placed by it
on behalf of the Fund to such brokers or dealers who also provide research or
statistical material, or other services, to the Trust, the Advisor, or any
affiliate of either. Such allocation shall be in such amounts and proportions as
the Advisor shall determine, and the Advisor shall report on such allocations
regularly to the Advisor and the Trust, indicating the broker-dealers to whom
such allocations have been made and the basis therefor. The Advisor is also
authorized to consider sales of shares of the Fund as a factor in the selection
of brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions, subject to the
requirements of best execution, i.e., that such brokers or dealers are able to
execute the order promptly and at the best obtainable securities price.
B-7
<PAGE>
On occasions when the Advisor deems the purchase or sale of a security
to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as other clients of the Advisor,
the Advisor, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may
aggregate the securities to be so purchased or sold in order to obtain the most
favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and the most efficient execution.
In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the
expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Advisor in the manner
it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary
obligations to the Fund and to such other clients.
NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate and is
determined as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")
(currently 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) each business day. The NYSE annually
announces the days on which it will not be open for trading. The most recent
announcement indicates that it will not be open on the following days: New
Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. However, the NYSE may close on days not
included in that announcement.
The net asset value per share is computed by dividing the value of the
securities held by the Fund plus any cash or other assets (including interest
and dividends accrued but not yet received) minus all liabilities (including
accrued expenses) by the total number of shares in the Fund outstanding at such
time.
Generally, the Fund's investments are valued at market value or, in the
absence of a market value, at fair value as determined in good faith by the
Advisor and the Trust's Pricing Committee pursuant to procedures approved by or
under the direction of the Board.
The Fund's securities, including ADRs, EDRs and GDRs, which are traded
on securities exchanges are valued at the last sale price on the exchange on
which such securities are traded, as of the close of business on the day the
securities are being valued or, lacking any reported sales, at the mean between
the last available bid and asked price. Securities that are traded on more than
one exchange are valued on the exchange determined by the Advisor to be the
primary market. Securities traded in the over-the-counter market are valued at
the mean between the last available bid and asked price prior to the time of
valuation. Securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily
available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the
direction of the Board.
Short-term debt obligations with remaining maturities in excess of 60
days are valued at current market prices, as discussed above. Short-term
securities with 60 days or less remaining to maturity are, unless conditions
indicate otherwise, amortized to maturity based on their cost to the Fund if
acquired within 60 days of maturity or, if already held by the Fund on the 60th
day, based on the value determined on the 61st day.
All other assets of the Fund are valued in such manner as the Board in
good faith deems appropriate to reflect their fair value.
TAXATION
The Fund will be taxed, under the Code, as a separate entity from any
other series of the Trust, and it intends to elect to qualify for treatment as a
regulated investment company ("RIC") under Subchapter M of the Code. In each
taxable year that the Fund so qualifies, the Fund (but not its shareholders)
will be relieved of federal income tax on that part of its investment company
taxable income (consisting generally of interest and dividend income and net
short term capital gains) and net capital gain that is distributed to its
shareholders.
In order to qualify for treatment as a RIC, the Fund must distribute
annually to shareholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income
and must meet several additional requirements. Among these requirements are, in
general, the following: (1) at least 90% of the Fund's gross income each taxable
year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or
foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of
investing in securities or currencies; (2) less than 30% of the Fund's gross
income each taxable year may be derived from the sale or other disposition of
B-8
<PAGE>
securities held for less than three months; (3) at the close of each quarter of
the Fund's taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be
represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of
other RICs and other securities, limited in respect of any one issuer, to an
amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund's assets and that does
not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer;
and (4) at the close of each quarter of the Fund's taxable year, not more than
25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities (other than U.S.
Government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer.
Distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains
by the Fund will be taxable to shareholders whether made in cash or reinvested
in shares. In determining amounts of net realized capital gains to be
distributed, any capital loss carryovers from prior years will be applied
against capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of
additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each
share so received equal to the net asset value of a share of the Fund on the
reinvestment date. Fund distributions also will be included in individual and
corporate shareholders' income on which the alternative minimum tax may be
imposed.
The Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and other distributions
annually, as stated in the Prospectus. In order to avoid the payment of any
federal excise tax based on net income, the Fund must declare on or before
December 31 of each year, and pay on or before January 31 of the following year,
distributions at least equal to 98% of its ordinary income for that calendar
year and at least 98% of the excess of any capital gains over any capital losses
realized in the one-year period ending October 31 of that year, together with
any undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gains (in excess of
capital losses) from the previous calendar year.
The Fund may receive dividend distributions from U.S. corporations. To
the extent that the Fund receives such dividends and distributes them to its
shareholders, and meets certain other requirements of the Code, corporate
shareholders of the Fund may be entitled to the "dividends received" deduction.
Availability of the deduction is subject to certain holding period and
debt-financing limitations.
The Fund may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on dividends and
interest earned with respect to securities of foreign corporations.
Redemptions and exchanges of shares of the Fund will result in gains or
losses for tax purposes to the extent of the difference between the proceeds and
the shareholder's adjusted tax basis for the shares. Any loss realized upon the
redemption or exchange of shares within six months from their date of purchase
will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions of
long-term capital gain dividends with respect to such shares during such
six-month period. All or a portion of a loss realized upon the redemption of
shares of the Fund may be disallowed to the extent shares of the same Fund are
purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30
days before or after such redemption.
Distributions and redemptions may be subject to state and local income
taxes, and the treatment thereof may differ from the federal income tax
treatment. Foreign taxes may apply to non-U.S. investors.
The above discussion and the related discussion in the Prospectus are
not intended to be complete discussions of all applicable federal tax
consequences of an investment in the Fund. The law firm of Heller, Ehrman, White
& McAuliffe has expressed no opinion in respect thereof. Nonresident aliens and
foreign persons are subject to different tax rules, and may be subject to
withholding of up to 30% on certain payments received from the Fund.
Shareholders are advised to consult with their own tax advisers concerning the
application of foreign, federal, state and local taxes to an investment in the
Fund.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from the Fund's investment company taxable income (whether
paid in cash or invested in additional shares) will be taxable to shareholders
as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's earnings and profits.
Distributions of the Fund's net capital gain (whether paid in cash or invested
in additional shares) will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain,
regardless of how long they have held their Fund shares.
Dividends declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any
year and payable to shareholders of record on a date in one of such months will
be deemed to have been paid by the Fund and received by the shareholders on the
record date if the dividends are paid by the Fund during the following January.
Accordingly, such dividends will be taxed to shareholders for the year in which
the record date falls.
B-9
<PAGE>
The Fund or any securities dealer effecting a redemption of the Fund's
shares by a shareholder will be required to file information reports with the
IRS with respect to distributions and payments made to the shareholder. In
addition, the Fund will be required to withhold federal income tax at the rate
of 31% on taxable dividends, redemptions and other payments made to accounts of
individual or other non-exempt shareholders who have not furnished their correct
taxpayer identification numbers and made certain required certifications on the
Account Application Form or with respect to which the Fund or the securities
dealer has been notified by the IRS that the number furnished is incorrect or
that the account is otherwise subject to withholding. Amounts withheld under
these rules will be creditable against a shareholder's federal income tax
liability.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
Total Return
Average annual total return quotations used in the Fund's advertising
and promotional materials are calculated according to the following formula:
n
P(1 + T) = ERV
where "P" equals a hypothetical initial payment of $1000; "T" equals average
annual total return; "n" equals the number of years; and "ERV" equals the ending
redeemable value at the end of the period of a hypothetical $1000 payment made
at the beginning of the period.
Under the foregoing formula, the time periods used in advertising will
be based on rolling calendar quarters, updated to the last day of the most
recent quarter prior to submission of the advertising for publication. Average
annual total return, or "T" in the above formula, is computed by finding the
average annual compounded rates of return over the period that would equate the
initial amount invested to the ending redeemable value. Average annual total
return assumes the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. Yield
Annualized yield quotations used in the Fund's advertising and
promotional materials are calculated by dividing the Fund's investment income
for a specified thirty-day period, net of expenses, by the average number of
shares outstanding during the period, and expressing the result as an annualized
percentage (assuming semi-annual compounding) of the net asset value per share
at the end of the period. Yield quotations are calculated according to the
following formula:
6
YIELD = 2 [(a-b/cd + 1) - 1]
where "a" equals dividends and interest earned during the period; "b" equals
expenses accrued for the period, net of reimbursements; "c" equals the average
daily number of shares outstanding during the period that are entitled to
receive dividends and "d" equals the maximum offering price per share on the
last day of the period.
Except as noted below, in determining net investment income earned
during the period ("a" in the above formula), the Fund calculates interest
earned on each debt obligation held by it during the period by (1) computing the
obligation's yield to maturity, based on the market value of the obligation
(including actual accrued interest) on the last business day of the period or,
if the obligation was purchased during the period, the purchase price plus
accrued interest; (2) dividing the yield to maturity by 360 and multiplying the
resulting quotient by the market value of the obligation (including actual
accrued interest). Once interest earned is calculated in this fashion for each
debt obligation held by the Fund, net investment income is then determined by
totaling all such interest earned.
For purposes of these calculations, the maturity of an obligation with
one or more call provisions is assumed to be the next date on which the
obligation reasonably can be expected to be called or, if none, the maturity
date.
Other information
Performance data of the Fund quoted in advertising and other
promotional materials represents past performance and is not intended to predict
B-10
<PAGE>
or indicate future results. The return and principal value of an investment in
the Fund will fluctuate, and an investor's redemption proceeds may be more or
less than the original investment amount. In advertising and promotional
materials the Fund may compare its performance with data published by Lipper
Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper") or CDA Investment Technologies, Inc.
("CDA"). The Fund also may refer in such materials to mutual fund performance
rankings and other data, such as comparative asset, expense and fee levels,
published by Lipper or CDA. Advertising and promotional materials also may refer
to discussions of the Fund and comparative mutual fund data and ratings reported
in independent periodicals including, but not limited to, The Wall Street
Journal, Money Magazine, Forbes, Business Week, Financial World and Barron's.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Trust is a newly organized entity and has no prior business
history. The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to issue an unlimited
number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest and to divide or
combine the shares into a greater or lesser number of shares without thereby
changing the proportionate beneficial interest in the Fund. Each share
represents an interest in the Fund proportionately equal to the interest of each
other share. Upon the Trust's liquidation, all shareholders would share pro rata
in the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders. The
Declaration of Trust does not require the issuance of stock certificates. If
stock certificates are issued, they must be returned by the registered owners
prior to the transfer or redemption of shares represented by such certificates.
If they deem it advisable and in the best interest of shareholders, the
Board of Trustees may create additional series of shares which differ from each
other only as to dividends. The Board of Trustees has created one series of
shares, and may create additional series in the future, which have separate
assets and liabilities. In the event more than one series were created, income
and operating expenses not specifically attributable to a particular Fund would
be allocated fairly among the Funds by the Trustees, generally on the basis of
the relative net assets of each Fund.
Rule 18f-2 under the 1940 Act provides that as to any investment
company which has two or more series outstanding and as to any matter required
to be submitted to shareholder vote, such matter is not deemed to have been
effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a "majority" (as
defined in the Rule) of the voting securities of each series affected by the
matter. Such separate voting requirements do not apply to the election of
Trustees or the ratification of the selection of accountants. The Rule contains
special provisions for cases in which an advisory contract is approved by one or
more, but not all, series. A change in investment policy may go into effect as
to one or more series whose holders so approve the change even though the
required vote is not obtained as to the holders of other affected series.
The Trust's custodian, Star Bank, 425 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, Ohio
45202 is responsible for holding the Funds' assets. American Data Services, 24
W. Carver Street, Huntington, NY 11743 acts as the Fund's accounting services
agent. The Trust's independent accountants, , 555 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY
10017, assist in the preparation of certain reports to the Securities and
Exchange Commission and the Fund's tax returns.
Shares of the Fund owned by the Trustees and officers as a group were
less than 1% at , 1996.
B-11
<PAGE>
APPENDIX
Description of Ratings
Moody's Investors Service, Inc.: Corporate Bond Ratings
Aaa--Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality and
carry the smallest degree of investment risk. Interest payments are protected by
a large or by an exceptionally stable margin, and principal is secure. While the
various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be
visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such
issues.
Aa---Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all
standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as
high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of
protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective
elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present
which make the long term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
Moody's applies numerical modifiers "1", "2" and "3" to both the Aaa
and Aa rating classifications. The modifier "1" indicates that the security
ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier "2"
indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier "3" indicates that the issue
ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.
A--Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes
and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving
security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be
present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Baa--Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade
obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured.
Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but
certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically
unreliable over any great period of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment
characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well. Standard &
Poor's Corporation: Corporate Bond Ratings
AAA--This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's to a debt
obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and
interest.
AA--Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations.
Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of
instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.
A--Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest,
although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions.
BBB--Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to
pay principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection
parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more
likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in
this category than for bonds in the A category. Commercial Paper Ratings
Moody's commercial paper ratings are assessments of the issuer's
ability to repay punctually promissory obligations. Moody's employs the
following three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the
relative repayment capacity of rated issuers: Prime 1--highest quality; Prime
2--higher quality; Prime 3--high quality.
A Standard & Poor's commercial paper rating is a current assessment of
the likelihood of timely payment. Ratings are graded into four categories,
ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to "D" for the lowest.
Issues assigned the highest rating, A, are regarded as having the
greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are delineated
with the numbers "1", "2" and "3" to indicate the relative degree of safety. The
designation A-1 indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is
either overwhelming or very strong. A "+" designation is applied to those issues
rated "A-1" which possess extremely strong safety characteristics. Capacity for
timely payment on issues with the designation "A-2" is strong. However, the
relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1. Issues
carrying the designation "A-3" have a satisfactory capacity for timely payment.
They are, however, somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effect of changes in
circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
B-12
<PAGE>
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 24. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(a) Financial Statements:
The following financial statements are included in Part B of the
Registration Statement:
[To be filed by amendment]
(b) Exhibits:
(1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust (1)
(2) By-Laws (1)
(3) Not applicable
(4) Specimen stock certificate (2)
(5) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement
(6) Distribution Agreement
(7) Not applicable
(8) Custodian Agreement
(9) (1) Administration Agreement with Investment Company
Administration Corporation
(2) Fund Accounting Service Agreement
(3) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement
(10) Opinion and consent of counsel (2)
(11) Consent of Independent Auditors (2)
(12) Not applicable
(13) Investment letter (2)
(14) Individual Retirement Account forms (2)
(15) Not applicable
(16) Not applicable
(17) Financial Data Schedule (2)
(1) Previously filed with the Registration Statement on Form N-1A
(File No. 333-17391) on December 6, 1996 and incorporated
herein by reference.
(2) To be filed by amendment.
Item 25. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Registrant.
None.
Item 26. Number of Holders of Securities.
None.
Item 27. Indemnification.
Article VI of Registrant's By-Laws states as follows:
Section 1. AGENTS, PROCEEDINGS AND EXPENSES. For the purpose of this
Article, "agent" means any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or
other agent of this Trust or is or was serving at the request of this Trust as a
Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or was a
Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of a foreign or domestic
corporation which was a predecessor of another enterprise at the request of such
predecessor entity; "proceeding" means any threatened, pending or completed
action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative;
and "expenses" includes without limitation attorney's fees and any expenses of
establishing a right to indemnification under this Article.
Section 2. ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of this Trust) by reason of
the fact that such person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses,
judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred
in connection with such proceeding, if it is determined that person acted in
good faith and reasonably believed:
(a) in the case of conduct in his official capacity as a Trustee
of the Trust, that his conduct was in the Trust's best interests, and
(b) in all other cases, that his conduct was at least not opposed
to the Trust's best interests, and
(c) in the case of a criminal proceeding, that he had no
reasonable cause to believe the conduct of that person was unlawful.
The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, settlement,
conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not of
itself create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a
manner which the person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of this
Trust or that the person had reasonable cause to believe that the person's
conduct was unlawful.
Section 3. ACTIONS BY THE TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any person
who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened,
pending or completed action by or in the right of this Trust to procure a
judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that that person is or was an agent
of this Trust, against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by that person
in connection with the defense or settlement of that action if that person acted
in good faith, in a manner that person believed to be in the best interests of
this Trust and with such care, including reasonable inquiry, as an ordinarily
prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances.
Section 4. EXCLUSION OF INDEMNIFICATION. Notwithstanding any provision
to the contrary contained herein, there shall be no right to indemnification for
any liability arising by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence, or the reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of
the agent's office with this Trust.
No indemnification shall be made under Sections 2 or 3 of this Article:
(a) In respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which that person
shall have been adjudged to be liable on the basis that personal
benefit was improperly received by him, whether or not the benefit
resulted from an action taken in the person's official capacity; or
(b) In respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which that person
shall have been adjudged to be liable in the performance of that
person's duty to this Trust, unless and only to the extent that the
court in which that action was brought shall determine upon application
that in view of all the circumstances of the case, that person was not
liable by reason of the disabling conduct set forth in the preceding
paragraph and is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for the
expenses which the court shall determine; or
(c) of amounts paid in settling or otherwise disposing of a threatened
or pending action, with or without court approval, or of expenses
incurred in defending a threatened or pending action which is settled
or otherwise disposed of without court approval, unless the required
approval set forth in Section 6 of this Article is obtained.
Section 5. SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE BY AGENT. To the extent that an agent of
this Trust has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding
referred to in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article or in defense of any claim, issue
or matter therein, before the court or other body before whom the proceeding was
brought, the agent shall be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably
incurred by the agent in connection therewith, provided that the Board of
Trustees, including a majority who are disinterested, non-party Trustees, also
determines that based upon a review of the facts, the agent was not liable by
reason of the disabling conduct referred to in Section 4 of this Article.
Section 6. REQUIRED APPROVAL. Except as provided in Section 5 of this
Article, any indemnification under this Article shall be made by this Trust only
if authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of
the agent is proper in the circumstances because the agent has met the
applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article and
is not prohibited from indemnification because of the disabling conduct set
forth in Section 4 of this Article, by:
(a) A majority vote of a quorum consisting of Trustees who are not
parties to the proceeding and are not interested
persons of the Trust (as defined in the Investment Company Act of
1940); or
(b) A written opinion by an independent legal counsel.
Section 7. ADVANCE OF EXPENSES. Expenses incurred in defending any
proceeding may be advanced by this Trust before the final disposition of the
proceeding upon a written undertaking by or on behalf of the agent, to repay the
amount of the advance if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not
entitled to indemnification, together with at least one of the following as a
condition to the advance: (i)security for the undertaking; or (ii) the existence
of insurance protecting the Trust against losses arising by reason of any lawful
advances; or (iii) a determination by a majority of a quorum of Trustees who are
not parties to the proceeding and are not interested persons of the Trust, or by
an independent legal counsel in a written opinion, based on a review of readily
available facts that there is reason to believe that the agent ultimately will
be found entitled to indemnification. Determinations and authorizations of
payments under this Section must be made in the manner specified in Section 6 of
this Article for determining that the indemnification is permissible.
Section 8. OTHER CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS. Nothing contained in this Article
shall affect any right to indemnification to which persons other than Trustees
and officers of this Trust or any subsidiary hereof may be entitled by contract
or otherwise.
Section 9. LIMITATIONS. No indemnification or advance shall be made
under this Article, except as provided in Sections 5 or 6 in any circumstances
where it appears:
(a) that it would be inconsistent with a provision of the Agreement and
Declaration of Trust of the Trust, a resolution of the shareholders, or
an agreement in effect at the time of accrual of the alleged cause of
action asserted in the proceeding in which the expenses were incurred
or other amounts were paid which prohibits or otherwise limits
indemnification; or
(b) that it would be inconsistent with any condition expressly
imposed by a court in approving a settlement.
Section 10. INSURANCE. Upon and in the event of a determination by the
Board of Trustees of this Trust to purchase such insurance, this Trust shall
purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of this Trust against any
liability asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or arising
out of the agent's status as such, but only to the extent that this Trust would
have the power to indemnify the agent against that liability under the
provisions of this Article and the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the
Trust.
Section 11. FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN. This Article does not
apply to any proceeding against any Trustee, investment manager or other
fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that person's capacity as such, even
though that person may also be an agent of this Trust as defined in Section 1 of
this Article. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit any right to
indemnification to which such a Trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary
may be entitled by contract or otherwise which shall be enforceable to the
extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article.
Item 28. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser.
The information required by this item with respect to American Trust
Company is as follows:
American Trust Company is a trust company chartered under the
laws of the State of New Hampshire. Its President and
Director, Paul H. Collins, is a director of:
MacKenzie-Childs, Ltd.
3260 State Road 90
Aurora, New York 13026
Great Northern Arts
Castle Music, Inc.
World Family Foundation
all with an address at
Gordon Road, Middletown, New York
Robert E. Moses, a Director of American Trust Company, is a director
of:
Mascoma Mutual Holding Corp.
One The Green
Lebanon, NH 03766
Information required by this item is contained in the Form ADV of the
following entities and is incorporated herein by reference:
Name of investment adviser File No.
Bay Isle Financial Corporation 801-27563
Item 29. Principal Underwriters.
(a) The Registrant's principal underwriter also acts as principal
underwriter for the following investment companies:
Berger/BIAM International Fund Guinness Flight Investment Funds, Inc.
Jurika & Voyles Mutual Funds Hotchkis and Wiley Funds Kayne Anderson Mutual
Funds Masters' Select Investment Fund PIC Investment Trust Professionally
Managed Portfolios Rainier Investment Management Mutual Funds RNC Liquid
Assets Fund, Inc.
O'Shaughnessy Funds, Inc.
(b) The following information is furnished with respect to the officers
and directors of First Fund Distributors, Inc.:
Position and Offices Position and
Name and Principal with Principal Offices with
Business Address Underwriter Registrant
Robert H. Wadsworth President Trustee,
4455 E. Camelback Road and Treasurer President,
Suite 261E Treasurer
Phoenix, AZ 85018
Eric M. Banhazl Vice President Assistant
2025 E. Financial Way Treasurer
Glendora, CA 91741
Steven J. Paggioli Vice President & Assistant
479 West 22nd Street Secretary Secretary
New York, New York 10011
(c) Not applicable.
Item 30. Location of Accounts and Records.
The accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by
Registrant pursuant to Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and
the rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession of the following persons:
(a) the documents required to be maintained by paragraph (4) of Rule
31a-1(b) will be maintained by the Registrant;
(b) the documents required to be maintained by paragraphs (5), (6),
(10) and (11) of Rule 31a-1(b) will be maintained by the respective investment
advisors:
American Trust Company, One Court Street, Lebanon, NH 03766
Bay Isle Financial Corporation, 160 Sansome Street,
San Francisco, CA 94104
(c) all other documents will be maintained by Registrant's custodian,
Star Bank, 425 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, OH 45202.
Item 31. Management Services.
Not applicable.
Item 32. Undertakings.
Registrant hereby undertakes to:
(a) File a post-effective amendment, using financial statements
which may not be certified, within four to six months of the effective date of
this Registration Statement; and
(b) Furnish each person to whom a Prospectus is delivered a copy of
Registrant's latest annual request to shareholders, upon request and without
charge.
(c) If requested to do so by the holders of at least 10% of the Trust's
outstanding shares, call a meeting of shareholders for the purposes of voting
upon the question of removal of a director and assist in communications with
other shareholders.
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Amendment to
the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Advisors Series Trust to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Phoenix
and State of Arizona on the 24th day of January, 1997.
ADVISOR'S SERIES TRUST
By: /s/ Robert H. Wadsworth
Robert H. Wadsworth
President
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Advisors
Series Trust has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities
indicated on January 24, 1997.
/s/Robert H. Wadsworth President, Principal Financial
Robert H. Wadsworth and Accounting Officer, and Trustee
/s/Richard D. Burritt Trustee
Richard D. Burritt
/s/Judith Wood-Swenson Trustee
Judith Wood-Swenson
<PAGE>
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
[Name of Advisor]
THIS INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT is made as of the day of ,
199 , by and between ADVISORS SERIES TRUST, a Delaware business trust
(hereinafter called the "Trust"), on behalf of the following series of the
Trust, [Name of Series] (the "Fund") and [Name of Advisor], a corporation
(hereinafter called the "Advisor").
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment
company, registered as such under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
"Investment Company Act"); and
WHEREAS, the Fund is a series of the Trust having separate
assets and liabilities; and
WHEREAS, the Advisor is registered as an investment adviser
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (or is exempt from registration) and
is engaged in the business of supplying investment advice as an independent
contractor; and
WHEREAS, the Trust desires to retain the Advisor to render
advice and services to the Fund pursuant to the terms and provisions of this
Agreement, and the Advisor desires to furnish said advice and services;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and the
mutual promises hereinafter set forth, the parties to this Agreement, intending
to be legally bound hereby, mutually agree as follows:
1. Appointment of Advisor. The Trust hereby employs the
Advisor and the Advisor hereby accepts such employment, to render investment
advice and related services with respect to the assets of the Fund for the
period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement, subject to the supervision
and direction of the Trust's Board of Trustees.
2. Duties of Advisor.
(a) General Duties. The Advisor shall act as
investment adviser to the Fund and shall supervise investments of the Fund on
behalf of the Fund in accordance with the investment objectives, policies and
restrictions of the Fund as set forth in the Fund's and Trust's governing
documents, including, without limitation, the Trust's Agreement and Declaration
of Trust and By-Laws; the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional information
and undertakings; and such other limitations, policies and procedures as the
Trustees may impose from time to time in writing to the Advisor. In providing
such services, the Advisor shall at all times adhere to the provisions and
restrictions contained in the federal securities laws, applicable state
securities laws, the Internal Revenue Code, the Uniform Commercial Code and
other applicable law.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Advisor
shall: (i) furnish the Funds with advice and recommendations with respect to the
investment of the Fund's assets and the purchase and sale of portfolio
securities for the Fund, including the taking of such steps as may be necessary
to implement such advice and recommendations (i.e., placing the orders); (ii)
manage and oversee the investments of the Funds, subject to the ultimate
supervision and direction of the Trust's Board of Trustees; (iii) vote proxies
for the Fund, file ownership reports under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 for the Fund, and take other actions on behalf of the Fund; (iv)
maintain the books and records required to be maintained by the Fund except to
the extent arrangements have been made for such books and records to be
maintained by the administrator or another agent of the Fund; (v) furnish
reports, statements and other data on securities, economic conditions and other
matters related to the investment of the Fund's assets which the Fund's
administrator or distributor or the officers of the Trust may reasonably
request; and (vi) render to the Trust's Board of Trustees such periodic and
special reports with respect to each Fund's investment activities as the Board
may reasonably request, including at least one in-person appearance annually
before the Board of Trustees.
(b) Brokerage. The Advisor shall be responsible
for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund, for broker-dealer
selection, and for negotiation of brokerage commission rates, provided that the
Advisor shall not direct order to an affiliated person of the Advisor without
general prior authorization to use such affiliated broker or dealer for the
Trust's Board of Trustees. The Advisor's primary consideration in effecting a
securities transaction will be execution at the most favorable price. In
selecting a broker-dealer to execute each particular transaction, the Advisor
may take the following into consideration: the best net price available; the
reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker-dealer; the size of
and difficulty in executing the order; and the value of the expected
contribution of the broker-dealer to the investment performance of the Fund on a
continuing basis. The price to the Fund in any transaction may be less favorable
than that available from another broker-dealer if the difference is reasonably
justified by other aspects of the portfolio execution services offered.
Subject to such policies as the Board of Trustees of the Trust
may determine, the Advisor shall not be deemed to have acted unlawfully or to
have breached any duty created by this Agreement or otherwise solely by reason
of its having caused the Fund to pay a broker or dealer that provides (directly
or indirectly) brokerage or research services to the Advisor an amount of
commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the amount of
commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that
transaction, if the Advisor determines in good faith that such amount of
commission was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services provided by such broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either that
particular transaction or the Advisor's overall responsibilities with respect to
the Trust. The Advisor is further authorized to allocate the orders placed by it
on behalf of the Fund to such brokers or dealers who alsO provide research or
statistical material, or other services, to the Trust, the Advisor, or any
affiliate of either. Such allocation shall be in such amounts and proportions as
the Advisor shall determine, and the Advisor shall report on such allocations
regularly to the Trust, indicating the broker-dealers to whom such allocations
have been made and the basis therefor. The Advisor is also authorized to
consider sales of shares as a factor in the selection of brokers or dealers to
execute portfolio transactions, subject to the requirements of best execution,
i.e., that such brokers or dealers are able to execute the order promptly and at
the best obtainable securities price.
On occasions when the Advisor deems the purchase or sale of a
security to be in the best interest of one or more of the Fund as well as of
other clients, the Advisor, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and
regulations, may aggregate the securities to be so purchased or sold in order to
obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and the most
efficient execution. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or
sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the
Advisor in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with
its fiduciary obligations to the Funds and to such other clients.
3. Representations of the Advisor.
(a) The Advisor shall use its best judgment and
efforts in rendering the advice and services to the Funds as contemplated by
this Agreement.
(b) The Advisor shall maintain all licenses and
registrations necessary to perform its duties hereunder in good order.
(c) The Advisor shall conduct its operations at
all times in conformance with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the
Investment Company Act of 1940, and any other applicable state and/or
self-regulatory organization regulations.
(d) The Advisor shall maintain errors and
omissions insurance in an amount at least equal to that disclosed to the Board
of Trustees in connection with their approval of this Agreement.
4. Independent Contractor. The Advisor shall, for all purposes
herein, be deemed to be an independent contractor, and shall, unless otherwise
expressly provided and authorized to do so, have no authority to act for or
represent the Trust or the Fund in any way, or in any way be deemed an agent for
the Trust or for the Fund. It is expressly understood and agreed that the
services to be rendered by the Advisor to the Funds under the provisions of this
Agreement are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Advisor shall be free to
render similar or different services to others so long as its ability to render
the services provided for in this Agreement shall not be impaired thereby.
5. Advisor's Personnel. The Advisor shall, at its own expense,
maintain such staff and employ or retain such personnel and consult with such
other persons as it shall from time to time determine to be necessary to the
performance of its obligations under this Agreement. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, the staff and personnel of the Advisor shall be
deemed to include persons employed or retained by the Advisor to furnish
statistical information, research, and other factual information, advice
regarding economic factors and trends, information with respect to technical and
scientific developments, and such other information, advice and assistance as
the Advisor or the Trust's Board of Trustees may desire and reasonably request.
6. Expenses.
(a) With respect to the operation of the Fund,
the Advisor shall be responsible for (i) providing the personnel, office space
and equipment reasonably necessary for the operation of the Fund, (ii) the
expenses of printing and distributing extra copies of the Fund's prospectus,
statement of additional information, and sales and advertising materials (but
not the legal, auditing or accounting fees attendant thereto) to prospective
investors (but not to existing shareholders), and (iii) the costs of any special
Board of Trustees meetings or shareholder meetings convened for the primary
benefit of the Advisor. If the Advisor has agreed to limit the operating
expenses of the Fund, the Advisor shall also be responsible on a monthly basis
for any operating expenses that exceed the agreed upon expense limit.
(b) The Fund is responsible for and has assumed
the obligation for payment of all of its expenses, other than as stated in
Subparagraph 6(a) above, including but not limited to: fees and expenses
incurred in connection with the issuance, registration and transfer of its
shares; brokerage and commission expenses; all expenses of transfer, receipt,
safekeeping, servicing and accounting for the cash, securities and other
property of the Trust for the benefit of the Fund including all fees and
expenses of its custodian, shareholder services agent and accounting services
agent; interest charges on any borrowings; costs and expenses of pricing and
calculating its daily net asset value and of maintaining its books of account
required under the Investment Company Act; taxes, if any; a pro rata portion of
expenditures in connection with meetings of the Fund's shareholders and the
Trust's Board of Trustees that are properly payable by the Fund; salaries and
expenses of officers and fees and expenses of members of the Trust's Board of
Trustees or members of any advisory board or committee who are not members of,
affiliated with or interested persons of the Advisor; insurance premiums on
property or personnel of each Fund which inure to its benefit, including
liability and fidelity bond insurance; the cost of preparing and printing
reports, proxy statements, prospectuses and statements of additional information
of the Fund or other communications for distribution to existing shareholders;
legal, auditing and accounting fees; trade association dues; fees and expenses
(including legal fees) of registering and maintaining registration of its shares
for sale under federal and applicable state and foreign securities laws; all
expenses of maintaining and servicing shareholder accounts, including all
charges for transfer, shareholder recordkeeping, dividend disbursing,
redemption, and other agents for the benefit of the Funds, if any; and all other
charges and costs of its operation plus any extraordinary and non-recurring
expenses, except as herein otherwise prescribed.
(c) The Advisor may voluntarily absorb certain
Fund expenses or waive the Advisor's own advisory fee.
(d) To the extent the Advisor incurs any costs
by assuming expenses which are an obligation of a Fund as set forth herein, the
Fund shall promptly reimburse the Advisor for such costs and expenses, except to
the extent the Advisor has otherwise agreed to bear such expenses. To the extent
the services for which a Fund is obligated to pay are performed by the Advisor,
the Advisor shall be entitled to recover from such Fund to the extent of the
Advisor's actual costs for providing such services. In determining the Advisor's
actual costs, the Advisor may take into account an allocated portion of the
salaries and overhead of personnel performing such services.
7. Investment Advisory and Management Fee.
(a) The Fund shall pay to the Advisor, and the
Advisor agrees to accept, as full compensation for all investment management and
advisory services furnished or provided to such Fund pursuant to this Agreement,
an annual management fee at the rate set forth in Schedule A to this Agreement.
(b) The management fee shall be accrued daily by each
Fund and paid to the Advisor on the first business day of the succeeding month.
(c) The initial fee under this Agreement shall be
payable on the first business day of the first month following the effective
date of this Agreement and shall be prorated as set forth below. If this
Agreement is terminated prior to the end of any month, the fee to the Advisor
shall be prorated for the portion of any month in which this Agreement is in
effect which is not a complete month according to the proportion which the
number of calendar days in the month during which the Agreement is in effect
bears to the number of calendar days in the month, and shall be payable within
ten (10) days after the date of termination.
(d) The fee payable to the Advisor under this
Agreement will be reduced to the extent of any receivable owed by the Advisor to
the Fund and as required under any expense limitation applicable to a Fund.
(e) The Advisor voluntarily may reduce any portion of
the compensation or reimbursement of expenses due to it pursuant to this
Agreement and may agree to make payments to limit the expenses which are the
responsibility of a Fund under this Agreement. Any such reduction or payment
shall be applicable only to such specific reduction or payment and shall not
constitute an agreement to reduce any future compensation or reimbursement due
to the Advisor hereunder or to continue future payments. Any such reduction will
be agreed to prior to accrual of the related expense or fee and will be
estimated daily and reconciled and paid on a monthly basis.
(f) Any fee withheld or voluntarily reduced and any
Fund expense absorbed by the Advisor voluntarily or pursuant to an agreed upon
expense cap shall be reimbursed by the Fund to the Advisor, if so requested by
the Advisor, in the first, second or third (or any combination thereof) fiscal
year next succeeding the fiscal year of the withholding, reduction or absorption
if the aggregate amount actually paid by the Fund toward the operating expenses
for such fiscal year (taking into account the reimbursement) do not exceed the
applicable limitation on Fund expenses. Such reimbursement may be paid prior to
the Fund's payment of current expenses if so requested by the Advisor even if
such practice may require the Advisor to waive, reduce or absorb current Fund
expenses.
(g) The Advisor may agree not to require payment of
any portion of the compensation or reimbursement of expenses otherwise due to it
pursuant to this Agreement. Any such agreement shall be applicable only with
respect to the specific items covered thereby and shall not constitute an
agreement not to require payment of any future compensation or reimbursement due
to the Advisor hereunder.
8. No Shorting; No Borrowing. The Advisor agrees that neither
it nor any of its officers or employees shall take any short position in the
shares of the Funds. This prohibition shall not prevent the purchase of such
shares by any of the officers or employees of the Advisor or any trust, pension,
profit-sharing or other benefit plan for such persons or affiliates thereof, at
a price not less than the net asset value thereof at the time of purchase, as
allowed pursuant to rules promulgated under the Investment Company Act. The
Advisor agrees that neither it nor any of its officers or employees shall borrow
from the Fund or pledge or use the Fund's assets in connection with any
borrowing not directly for the Fund's benefit. For this purpose, failure to pay
any amount due and payable to the Fund for a period of more than thirty (30)
days shall constitute a borrowing.
9. Conflicts with Trust's Governing Documents and Applicable
Laws. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to require the Trust or the Fund
to take any action contrary to the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust,
By-Laws, or any applicable statute or regulation, or to relieve or deprive the
Board of Trustees of the Trust of its responsibility for and control of the
conduct of the affairs of the Trust and Funds. In this connection, the Advisor
acknowledges that the Trustees retain ultimate plenary authority over the Fund
and may take any and all actions necessary and reasonable to protect the
interests of shareholders.
10. Reports and Access. The Advisor agrees to supply such
information to the Fund's administrator and to permit such compliance
inspections by the Fund's administrator as shall be reasonably necessary to
permit the administrator to satisfy its obligations and respond to the
reasonable requests of the Trustees.
11. Advisor's Liabilities and Indemnification.
(a) The Advisor shall have responsibility for the
accuracy and completeness (and liability for the lack thereof) of the statements
in the Fund's offering materials (including the prospectus, the statement of
additional information, advertising and sales materials), except for information
supplied by the administrator or the Trust or another third party for inclusion
therein.
(b) The Advisor shall be liable to the Fund for any
loss (including brokerage charges) incurred by the Fund as a result of any
improper investment made by the Advisor.
(c) In the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the obligations or duties hereunder
on the part of the Advisor, the Advisor shall not be subject to liability to the
Trust or the Fund or to any shareholder of the Fund for any act or omission in
the course of, or connected with, rendering services hereunder or for any losses
that may be sustained in the purchase, holding or sale of any security by the
Funds.
(d) Each party to this Agreement shall indemnify and
hold harmless the other party and the shareholders, directors, officers and
employees of the other party (any such person, an "Indemnified Party") against
any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense (including the reasonable cost of
investigating and defending any alleged loss, liability, claim, damage or
expenses and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) arising
out of the Indemnified Party's performance or non-performance of any duties
under this Agreement provided, however, that nothing herein shall be deemed to
protect any Indemnified Party against any liability to which such Indemnified
Party would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or
negligence in the performance of duties hereunder or by reason of reckless
disregard of obligations and duties under this Agreement.
(e) No provision of this Agreement shall be construed
to protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust, or officer of the Advisor, from
liability in violation of Sections 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act.
12. Non-Exclusivity; Trading for Advisor's Own Account. The
Trust's employment of the Advisor is not an exclusive arrangement. The Trust may
from time to time employ other individuals or entities to furnish it with the
services provided for herein. Likewise, the Advisor may act as investment
adviser for any other person, and shall not in any way be limited or restricted
from buying, selling or trading any securities for its or their own accounts or
the accounts of others for whom it or they may be acting, provided, however,
that the Advisor expressly represents that it will undertake no activities which
will adversely affect the performance of its obligations to the Fund under this
Agreement; and provided further that the Advisor will adhere to a code of ethics
governing employee trading and trading for proprietary accounts that conforms to
the requirements of the Investment Company Act and the Investment Advisers Act
of 1940 and has been approved by the Trust' Board of Trustees.
13. Term.
(a) This Agreement shall become effective at the time
the Fund commences operations pursuant to an effective amendment to the Trust's
Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933 and shall remain in
effect for a period of two (2) years, unless sooner terminated as hereinafter
provided. This Agreement shall continue in effect thereafter for additional
periods not exceeding one (l) year so long as such continuation is approved for
the Fund at least annually by (i) the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by the
vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund and (ii)
the vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this
Agreement nor interested persons thereof, cast in person at a meeting called for
the purpose of voting on such approval. The terms "majority of the outstanding
voting securities" and "interested persons" shall have the meanings as set forth
in the Investment Company Act.
(b) The Fund may use the name [Name of Fund] or any
name derived from or using the name [Name of Advisor] only for so long as this
Agreement or any extension, renewal or amendment hereof remains in effect.
Within sixty (60) days from such time as this Agreement shall no longer be in
effect, the Fund shall cease to use such a name or any other name connected with
the Advisor.
14. Termination; No Assignment.
(a) This Agreement may be terminated by the Trust on
behalf of the Fund at any time without payment of any penalty, by the Board of
Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of a Fund, upon sixty (60) days' written notice to the Advisor, and
by the Advisor upon sixty (60) days' written notice to a Fund. In the event of a
termination, the Advisor shall cooperate in the orderly transfer of the Fund's
affairs and, at the request of the Board of Trustees, transfer any and all books
and records of the Fund maintained by the Advisor on behalf of the Fund.
(b) This Agreement shall terminate automatically in
the event of any transfer or assignment thereof, as defined in the Investment
Company Act.
15. Severability. If any provision of this Agreement
shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute or rule, or shall be
otherwise rendered invalid, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be
affected thereby.
16. Captions. The captions in this Agreement are
included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or limit any of
the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
17. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Arizona without giving
effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided that nothing herein
shall be construed to preempt, or to be inconsistent with, any federal law,
regulation or rule, including the Investment Company Act and the Investment
Advisors Act of 1940 and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers, all on the day
and year first above written.
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST [NAME OF ADVISOR]
on behalf of the
[Name of Fund]
By: By:
DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
This Agreement made this day of , 1997 by and between ADVISORS
SERIES TRUST, a Delaware business trust (the "Trust"), and FIRST FUND
DISTRIBUTORS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Distributor").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Trust is registered as an open-end management
investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act");
and
WHEREAS, the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust
permits the Board of Trustees to divide the Trust's shares of beneficial
interest ("Shares") into separate series ("series") and it is in the interest of
the Trust to offer the Shares of each series for sale continuously; and
WHEREAS, the Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act") and is a member in
good standing of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the
"NASD"); and
WHEREAS, the Trust and the Distributor wish to enter into an
agreement with each other with respect to the continuous offering of the Shares
of each existing and future series of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. Appointment of Distributor. The Trust hereby appoints the
Distributor as exclusive agent to sell and to arrange for the sale of the
Shares, on the terms and for the period set forth in this Agreement, and the
Distributor hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to act hereunder directly
and/or through the Trust's transfer agent in the manner set forth in the
Prospectuses (as defined below). It is understood and agreed that the services
of the Distributor hereunder are not exclusive, and the Distributor may act as
principal underwriter for the shares of any other registered investment company.
2. Services and Duties of the Distributor.
(a) The Distributor agrees to sell the Shares, as
agent for the Trust, from time to time during the term of this Agreement upon
the terms described in a Prospectus. As used in this Agreement, the term
"Prospectus" shall mean a prospectus and statement of additional information
included as part of the Trust's Registration Statement, as such prospectus and
statement of additional information may be amended or supplemented from time to
time, and the term "Registration Statement" shall mean the Registration
Statement most recently filed from time to time by the Trust with the Securities
and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and effective under the Securities Act of 1933
(the "1933 Act") and the 1940 Act, as such Registration Statement is amended by
any amendments thereto at the time in effect. The Distributor shall not be
obligated to sell any certain number of Shares.
(b) Upon commencement of operations of any of the
series, the Distributor will hold itself available to receive orders,
satisfactory to the Distributor, for the purchase of the Shares and will accept
such orders and will transmit such orders and funds received by it in payment
for such Shares as are so accepted to the Trust's transfer agent or custodian,
as appropriate, as promptly as practicable. Purchase orders shall be deemed
accepted and shall be effective at the time and in the manner set forth in the
series' Prospectuses. The Distributor shall not make any short sales of Shares.
( c) The offering price of the Shares shall be the
net asset value per share of the Shares, plus the sales charge, if any,
(determined as set forth in the Prospectuses). The Trust shall furnish the
Distributor, with all possible promptness, an advice of each computation of net
asset value and offering price.
(d) The Distributor shall have the right to enter
into selected dealer agreements with securities dealers of its choice ("selected
dealers") for the sale of Shares. Shares sold to selected dealers shall be for
resale by such dealers only at the offering price of the Shares as set forth in
the Prospectuses. The Distributor shall offer and sell Shares only to such
selected dealers as are members in good standing of the NASD.
3. Duties of the Trust.
(a) Maintenance of Federal Registration. The Trust
shall, at its expense, take, from time to time, all necessary action and such
steps, including payment of the related filing fees, as may be necessary to
register and maintain registration of a sufficient number of Shares under the
1933 Act. The Trust agrees to file from time to time such amendments, reports
and other documents as may be necessary in order that there may be no untrue
statement of a material fact in a Registration Statement or Prospectus, or
necessary in order that there may be no omission to state a material fact in the
Registration Statement or Prospectus which omission would make the statements
therein misleading.
(b) Maintenance of "Blue Sky" Qualifications. The Trust shall,
at its expense, use its best efforts to qualify and maintain the qualification
of an appropriate number of Shares for sale under the securities laws of such
states as the Distributor and the Trust may approve, and, if necessary or
appropriate in connection therewith, to qualify and maintain the qualification
of the Trust or the series as a broker or dealer in such states; provided that
the Trust shall not be required to amend its Agreement and Declaration of Trust
or By-Laws to comply with the laws of any state, to maintain an office in any
state, to change the terms of the offering of the Shares in any state, to change
the terms of the offering of the Shares in any state from the terms set forth in
Prospectuses, to qualify as a foreign corporation in any state or to consent to
service of process in any state other than with respect to claims arising out of
the offering and sale of the Shares. The Distributor shall furnish such
information and other material relating to its affairs and activities as may be
required by the Trust or its series in connection with such qualifications.
(c) Copies of Reports and Prospectuses. The Trust shall, at
its expense, keep the Distributor fully informed with regard to its affairs and
in connection therewith shall furnish to the Distributor copies of all
information, financial statements and other papers which the Distributor may
reasonably request for use in connection with the distribution of Shares,
including such reasonable number of copies of Prospectuses and annual and
interim reports as the Distributor may request and shall cooperate fully in the
efforts of the Distributor to sell and arrange for the sale of the Shares and in
the performance of the Distributor under this Agreement.
4. Conformity with Applicable Law and Rules. The Distributor
agrees that in selling Shares hereunder it shall conform in all respects with
the laws of the United States and of any state in which Shares may be offered,
and with applicable rules and regulations of the NASD.
5. Independent Contractor. In performing its duties hereunder,
the Distributor shall be an independent contractor and neither the Distributor,
nor any of its officers, directors, employees, or representatives is or shall be
an employee of the Trust in the performance of the Distributor's duties
hereunder. The Distributor shall be responsible for its own conduct and the
employment, control, and conduct of its agents and employees and for injury to
such agents or employees or to others through its agents or employees. The
Distributor assumes full responsibility for its agents and employees under
applicable statutes and agrees to pay all employee taxes thereunder.
6. Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification of Trust. The Distributor agrees
to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and each of its present or former
Trustees, officers, employees, representatives and each person, if any, who
controls or previously controlled the Trust within the meaning of Section 15 of
the 1933 Act against any and all losses, liabilities, damages, claims or
expenses (including the reasonable costs of investigating or defending any
alleged loss, liability, damage, claims or expense and reasonable legal counsel
fees incurred in connection therewith) to which the Trust or any such person may
become subject under the 1933 Act, under any other statute, at common law, or
otherwise, arising out of the acquisition of any Shares by any person which (i)
may be based upon any wrongful act by the Distributor or any of the
Distributor's directors, officers, employees or representatives, or (ii) may be
based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in a Registration Statement, Prospectus, shareholder report or other
information covering Shares filed or made public by the Trust or any amendment
thereof or supplement thereto, or the omission or alleged omission to state
therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading if such statement or omission was made in
reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust by the
Distributor. In no case (i) is the Distributor's indemnity in favor of the
Trust, or any person indemnified to be deemed to protect the Trust or such
indemnified person against any liability to which the Trust or such person would
otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross
negligence in the performance of the Trust's or such person's duties or by
reason of reckless disregard of the Trust's or such person's obligations and
duties under this Agreement or (ii) is the Distributor to be liable under its
indemnity agreement contained in this Paragraph with respect to any claim made
against the Trust or any person indemnified unless the Trust or such person, as
the case may be, shall have notified the Distributor in writing of the claim
within a reasonable time after the summons or other first written notification
giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the
Trust or upon such person (or after the Trust or such person shall have received
notice of such service on any designated agent). However, failure to notify the
Distributor of any such claim shall not relieve the Distributor from any
liability which the Distributor may have to the Trust or any person against whom
such action is brought otherwise than on account of the Distributor's indemnity
agreement contained in this Paragraph.
The Distributor shall be entitled to participate, at its own
expense, in the defense, or, if the Distributor so elects, to assume the defense
of any suit brought to enforce any such claim, but, if the Distributor elects to
assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by legal counsel chosen by
the Distributor and satisfactory to the Trust, and to the persons indemnified as
defendant or defendants, in the suit. In the event that the Distributor elects
to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such legal counsel, the Trust,
and the persons indemnified as defendant or defendants in the suit, shall bear
the fees and expenses of any additional legal counsel retained by them. If the
Distributor does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, the
Distributor will reimburse the Trust and the persons indemnified defendant or
defendants in such suit for the reasonable fees and expenses of any legal
counsel retained by them. The Distributor agrees to promptly notify the Trust of
the commencement of any litigation of proceedings against it or any of its
officers, employees or representatives in connection with the issue or sale of
any Shares.
(b) Indemnification of the Distributor. The Trust
agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Distributor and each of its present or
former directors, officers, employees, representatives and each person, if any,
who controls or previously controlled the Distributor within the meaning of
Section 15 of the 1933 Act against any and all losses, liabilities, damages,
claims or expenses (including the reasonable costs of investigating or defending
any alleged loss, liability, damage, claim or expense and reasonable legal
counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) to which the Distributor or any
such person may become subject under the 1933 Act, under any other statute, at
common law, or otherwise, arising out of the acquisition of any Shares by any
person which (i) may be based upon any wrongful act by the Trust or any of the
Trust's Trustees, officers, employees or representatives, or (ii) may be based
upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in a Registration Statement, Prospectus, shareholder report or other
information covering Shares filed or made public by the Trust or any amendment
thereof or supplement thereto, or the omission or alleged omission to state
therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading unless such statement or omission was made in
reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust by the
Distributor. In no case (i) is the Trust's indemnity in favor of the
Distributor, or any person indemnified to be deemed to protect the Distributor
or such indemnified person against any liability to which the Distributor or
such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad
faith, or gross negligence in the performance of such person's duties or by
reason of reckless disregard of such person's obligations and duties under this
Agreement or (ii) is the Trust to be liable under their indemnity agreement
contained in this Paragraph with respect to any claim made against Distributor,
or person indemnified unless the Distributor, or such person, as the case may
be, shall have notified the Trust in writing of the claim within a reasonable
time after the summons or other first written notification giving information of
the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the Distributor or upon such
person (or after the Distributor or such person shall have received notice of
such service on any designated agent). However, failure to notify the Trust of
any such claim shall not relieve the Trust from any liability which the Trust
may have to the Distributor or any person against whom such action is brought
otherwise than on account of the Trust's indemnity agreement contained in this
Paragraph.
The Trust shall be entitled to participate, at its own
expense, in the defense, or, if the Trust so elects, to assume the defense of
any suit brought to enforce any such claim, but if the Trust elects to assume
the defense, such defense shall be conducted by legal counsel chosen by the
Trust and satisfactory to the Distributor and to the persons indemnified as
defendant or defendants, in the suit. In the event that the Trust elects to
assume the defense of any such suit and retain such legal counsel, the
Distributor, the persons indemnified as defendant or defendants in the suit,
shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional legal counsel retained by
them. If the Trust does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, the
Trust will reimburse the Distributor and the persons indemnified as defendant or
defendants in such suit for the reasonable fees and expenses of any legal
counsel retained by them. The Trust agrees to promptly notify the Distributor of
the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it or any of its
Trustees, officers, employees or representatives in connection with the issue or
sale of any Shares.
7. Authorized Representations. The Distributor is not
authorized by the Trust to give on behalf of the Trust any information or to
make any representations in connection with the sale of Shares other than the
information and representations contained in a Registration Statement or
Prospectus filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act and/or the 1940 Act, covering
Shares, as such Registration Statement and Prospectus may be amended or
supplemented from time to time, or contained in shareholder reports or other
material that may be prepared by or on behalf of the Trust for the Distributor's
use. This shall not be construed to prevent the Distributor from preparing and
distributing tombstone ads and sales literature or other material as it may deem
appropriate. No person other than the Distributor is authorized to act as
principal underwriter (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) for the Trust.
8. Term of Agreement. The term of this Agreement shall begin
on the date first above written, and unless sooner terminated as hereinafter
provided, this Agreement shall remain in effect for a period of two years from
the date first above written. Thereafter, this Agreement shall continue in
effect from year to year, subject to the termination provisions and all other
terms and conditions thereof, so long as such continuation shall be specifically
approved at least annually by (i) the Board of Trustees or by vote of a majority
of the outstanding voting securities of each series of the Trust and, (ii) by
the vote, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such
approval, of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this
Agreement or interested persons of any such party. The Distributor shall furnish
to the Trust, promptly upon its request, such information as may reasonably be
necessary to evaluate the terms of this Agreement or any extension, renewal or
amendment hereof.
9. Amendment or Assignment of Agreement. This Agreement may
not be amended or assigned except as permitted by the 1940 Act, and this
Agreement shall automatically and immediately terminate in the event of its
assignment.
10. Termination of Agreement. This Agreement may be terminated
by either party hereto, without the payment of any penalty, on not more than
upon 60 days' nor less than 30 days' prior notice in writing to the other party;
provided, that in the case of termination by the Trust such action shall have
been authorized by resolution of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are
not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party, or by
vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each series of the
Trust.
11. Miscellaneous. The captions in this Agreement are
included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delineate any
of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which
together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to require the Trust
to take any action contrary to its Agreement and Declaration of Trust or
By-Laws, or any applicable statutory or regulatory requirement to which it is
subject or by which it is bound, or to relieve or deprive the Board of Trustees
of the Trust of responsibility for and control of the conduct of the affairs of
the Trust.
12. Definition of Terms. Any question of interpretation of any
term or provision of this Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived
from a term or provision of the 1940 Act shall be resolved by reference to such
term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretation thereof, if any, by the
United States courts or, in the absence of any controlling decision of any such
court, by rules, regulations or orders of the SEC validly issued pursuant to the
1940 Act. Specifically, the terms "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities", "interested persons," "assignment," and "affiliated person," as
used in Paragraphs 8, 9 and 10 hereof, shall have the meanings assigned to them
by Section 2(a) of the 1940 Act. In addition, where the effect of a requirement
of the 1940 Act reflected in any provision of this Agreement is relaxed by a
rule, regulation or order of the SEC, whether of special or of general
application, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such
rule, regulation or order.
13. Compliance with Securities Laws. The Trust represents that
it is registered as an open-end management investment company under the 1940
Act, and agrees that it will comply with all the provisions of the 1940 Act and
of the rules and regulations thereunder. The Trust and the Distributor each
agree to comply with all of the applicable terms and provisions of the 1940 Act,
the 1933 Act and, subject to the provisions of Section 4(d), all applicable
"Blue Sky" laws. The Distributor agrees to comply with all of the applicable
terms and provisions of the 1934 Act.
14. Notices. Any notice required to be given pursuant to
this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered or mailed by registered
mail, postage prepaid, to the Distributor at 4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E,
Phoenix, AZ 85018 or to the Trust at 4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E,
Phoenix, AZ 85018.
15. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Arizona.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused
this Agreement to be executed by their officers designated below on the date
first written above.
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST
By:________________________________________
Name:
Title:
FIRST FUND DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
By:________________________________________
Name:
Title:
ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made this day of February, 1997 by and between
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST, a Delaware business trust (the "Trust"), and INVESTMENT
COMPANY ADMINISTRATION CORPORATION, a Delaware Corporation (the
"Administrator").
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the Trust is registered as an open-end management
investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act"),
with shares of beneficial interest organized into separate series as set forth
on Schedule A hereto ("series" or "portfolios"), which Schedule may be revised
from time to time; and
WHEREAS, the Trust wishes to retain the Administrator to
provide certain administrative services in connection with the management of the
operations of the initial portfolios and future portfolios of the Trust and the
Administrator is willing to furnish such services:
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual
covenants herein contained, it is agreed between the parties hereto as follows:
1. Appointment. The Trust hereby appoints the Administrator to
provide certain administrative services, hereinafter enumerated, in connection
with the management of the portfolios' operations for the period and on the
terms set forth in this Agreement. The Administrator agrees to comply with all
relevant provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable rules and regulations
thereunder, and other applicable law.
2. Services on a Continuing Basis. The Administrator will
perform the following services on a regular basis which would be daily, weekly
or as otherwise appropriate:
(A) prepare and coordinate reports and other
materials to be supplied to the Board of Trustees of the Trust;
(B) prepare and/or supervise the preparation and
filing of all securities filings, periodic financial reports,
prospectuses, statements of additional information, marketing
materials, tax returns, shareholder reports and other regulatory
reports or filings required of the Trust and the portfolios.
(C) prepare all required filings necessary to
maintain the Trust's and portfolios' qualification and/or registration
to sell shares in all states where the Trust and portfolios currently
do, or intend to do business;
(D) coordinate the preparation, printing and mailing
of all materials (e.g., Annual Reports) required to be sent to
shareholders;
(E) coordinate the preparation and payment of Trust
and portfolio related expenses;
(F) conduct relations with, and monitor and oversee
the activities of the Trust's and the portfolios' servicing agents
(i.e., transfer agent, custodian, fund accounting agent, attorneys,
underwriters, brokers and dealers, corporate fiduciaries, banks and
such other persons in any such other capacity deemed to be necessary or
desirable;
(G) review and adjust as necessary the portfolios'
daily expense accruals;
(H) maintain and keep such books and records of the
Trust as required by law or for the proper operation of the Trust and
its portfolios other than those maintained and kept by the Trust's
Advisor and servicing agents;
(I) provide the Trust with (i) the services of
persons competent to perform the administrative and clerical functions
described herein, and (ii) personnel to serve as officers of the Trust;
(J) provide the portfolios with office space as well
as administrative offices and such data processing facilities as are
necessary for the performance of its duties under this Agreement.
(K) monitor each portfolio's compliance with
investment policies and restrictions as set forth in the portfolio's
currently effective Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information
under the Securities Act of 1933.
(L) perform such additional services as may be agreed
upon by the Trust and the Administrator.
3. Responsibility of the Administrator. The Administrator
shall be under no duty to take any action on behalf of the Trust or the
portfolios except as set forth herein or as may be agreed to by the
Administrator in writing. In the performance of its duties hereunder, the
Administrator shall be obligated to exercise reasonable care and diligence and
to act in good faith and to use its best efforts. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement, the
Administrator shall not be liable for delays or errors or loss of data occurring
by reason of circumstances beyond the Administrator's control.
4. Reliance Upon Instructions. The Trust agrees that the
Administrator shall be entitled to rely upon any instructions, oral or written,
actually received by the Administrator from the Board of Trustees of the Trust
and shall incur no liability to the Trust or the investment adviser to any
portfolio in acting upon such oral or written instructions, provided such
instructions reasonably appear to have been received from a person duly
authorized by the Board of Trustees of the Trust to give oral or written
instructions on behalf of the Trust or any portfolio.
5. Confidentiality. The Administrator agrees on behalf of
itself and its employees to treat confidentially all records and other
information relative to the Trust and portfolios and all prior, present or
potential shareholders of any and all portfolios, except after prior
notification to, and approval of release of information in writing by, the
Trust, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld where the Administrator
may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt proceedings for failure to comply,
when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities, or
when so requested by the Trust or by a portfolio.
6. Equipment Failures. In the event of equipment failures or
the occurrence of events beyond the Administrator's control which render the
performance of the Administrator's functions under this Agreement impossible,
the Administrator shall take reasonable steps to minimize service interruptions
and is authorized to engage the services of third parties to prevent or remedy
such service interruptions.
7. Compensation. As compensation for services rendered by the
Administrator during the term of this Agreement, each portfolio of the Trust set
forth in Schedule A will pay to the Administrator a monthly fee at the rate set
forth in Schedule B, which Schedule may be amended from time to time, pursuant
to Section 10 of this Agreement.
8. Indemnification. The Trust and portfolios agree to
indemnify and hold harmless the Administrator from all taxes, filing fees,
charges, expenses, assessments, losses, claims and liabilities (including
without limitation, liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the 1940 Act, and any state and foreign
securities laws, all as amended from time to time) and expenses, including
(without limitation) reasonable attorneys fees and disbursements, reasonably
arising directly or indirectly from any action or thing which the Administrator
takes or does or omits to take or do at the request of or in reliance upon the
advice of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, provided that the Administrator
will not be indemnified against any liability to a portfolio or to shareholders
(or any expenses incident to such liability) arising out of the Administrator's
own willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence or reckless disregard of its
duties and obligations under this Agreement. The Administrator agrees to
indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and each of its Trustees from all losses,
claims and liabilities (including without limitation, liabilities under the
Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the 1940 Act, and
any state and foreign securities laws, all as amended from time to time) and
expenses, including (without limitation) reasonable attorneys fees and
disbursements, arising directly or indirectly from any action or thing which the
Administrator takes or does or omits to take or do which is in violation of this
Agreement or not in accordance with instructions properly given to the
Administrator, or arising out of the Administrator's own willful misfeasance,
bad faith, negligence or reckless disregard of its duties and obligations under
this Agreement.
9. Duration and termination. This Agreement shall continue
until termination by the Trust on behalf of any portfolio (by resolution of the
Board of Trustees) or the Administrator on 60 days' written notice to the other
party. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing.
10. Amendments. This Agreement or any part hereof may be
changed or waived only by instrument in writing signed by the party against
which enforcement of such change or waiver is sought, provided such amendment is
specifically approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
11. Miscellaneous. This Agreement embodies the entire
agreement and understanding between the parties thereto with respect to the
services to be performed hereunder, and supersedes all prior agreements and
understandings, relating to the subject matter hereof. The captions in this
Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or
limit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or
effect. This Agreement shall be deemed to be a contract made in New York and
governed by New York law. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or
made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of
this Agreement will not be affected thereby. This Agreement shall be binding
upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective
successors.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
Agreement to be executed by their officers designated below on the date first
written above.
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST
By:________________________________________
Name:
Title:
INVESTMENT COMPANY ADMINISTRATION CORPORATION
By:________________________________________
Name:
Title:
Schedule A
Series or Portfolios of Masters Select Investment Trust:
Masters' Select Equity Fund
FUND ACCOUNTING SERVICE AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made the day of , 1997 by and between [Name of Fund] (the "Fund"), a
series of Advisors Series Trust (the "Trust") and AMERICAN DATA SERVICES, INC.,
a New York corporation ("ADS").
BACKGROUND
WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment company registered with
the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940
(the "1940 Act"); and
WHEREAS, ADS is a corporation experienced in providing accounting services to
mutual funds and possesses facilities sufficient to provide such services; and
WHEREAS, the Trust desires to avail itself of the experience, assistance and
facilities of ADS and to have ADS perform for the Trust certain services
appropriate to the operations of the Fund, and ADS is willing to furnish such
services in accordance with the terms hereinafter set forth.
TERMS
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants
hereinafter contained, the Trust and ADS hereby agree as follows:
1. DUTIES OF ADS
ADS will perform the following services for the Fund:
(a) Timely calculate and transmit to NASDAQ the Fund's daily net asset
value and communicate such value to the Fund and its transfer agent. All
portfolio securities will be valued in accordance with the methods that are
specified in the section of the Fund's prospectus that sets forth the procedures
utilized to calculate the daily net asset value per share of the Fund.;
(b) The Trust will select the pricing agent used by ADS to obtain the daily
market quotations to value the securities in the Fund's portfolio. ADS has
electronic interfaces with the following pricing agents:
1. Interactive Data Services Corporation
2. Kenny S&P
3. Muller Data Corporation
Should the Trust select a pricing agent other than those listed above ( an
"Alternative Pricing Agent"), ADS will take the necessary steps to open an
account with the Alternative Pricing Agent, obtain the file formats of the
electronic download to be received from the Alternative Pricing Agent that will
contain the daily market quotations, and make the necessary programming changes
to enable the ADS portfolio accounting system, PAIRS, automatically receive the
electronic download from the Alternative Pricing Agent.
Should the Trust select an Alternative Pricing Agent, ADS will charge the Fund a
fee ("Programming Fee") to make the aforementioned programming changes to PAIRS.
The Programming Fee will be calculated using the rate specified in Schedule A of
this Agreement under the Heading "Custom Programming".
(c) Maintain and keep current all books and records of the Fund as required
by Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, as such rule or any successor rule may be
amended from time to time ("Rule 31a-1"), that are applicable to the fulfillment
of ADS's duties hereunder, as well as any other documents necessary or advisable
for compliance with applicable regulations as may be mutually agreed to between
the Trust and ADS. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, ADS will
prepare and maintain the following records upon receipt of information in proper
form from the Trust or its authorized agents:
o Cash receipts journal
o Cash disbursements journal
o Dividend record
o Capital Gain/Loss record
o Purchase and sales - portfolio securities
journals
o Subscription and redemption journals
o Security ledgers
o Broker ledger
o General ledger
o Daily expense accruals
o Daily income accruals
o Securities and monies borrowed or loaned and
collateral therefore
o Foreign currency journals
o Trial balances
(d) Provide the Fund and its investment adviser with daily portfolio
valuation, net asset value calculation and other standard operational reports as
requested from time to time.
(e) Provide all raw data available from our fund accounting system (PAIRS)
for management's or the administrators preparation of the following:
1. Semi-annual financial statements;
2. Semi-annual form N-SAR;
3. Annual tax returns;
4. Financial data necessary to update form N-1A;
5. Annual proxy statement.
6. Financial data necessary to calculate all dividends and
capital gains distributions in accordance with Subchapter
M of the Internal Revenue Code.
ADS shall for all purposes herein be deemed to be an independent contractor and
shall, unless otherwise expressly provided or authorized, have no authority to
act for or represent the Trust in any way or otherwise be deemed an agent of the
Trust.
2. COMPENSATION OF ADS
In consideration of the services to be performed by ADS as set forth herein
for each portfolio listed in Schedule B, ADS shall be entitled to receive
compensation and reimbursement for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. The
Trust agrees to pay ADS the fees and reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses as
set forth in the fee schedule attached hereto as Schedule A.
3. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY OF ADS.
(a) ADS may rely upon the advice of the Trust, or of counsel for the Trust
and upon statements of the Trust's independent accountants, brokers and other
persons reasonably believed by it in good faith to be expert in the matters upon
which they are consulted and for any actions reasonably taken in good faith
reliance upon such statements and without negligence or misconduct, ADS shall
not be liable to anyone.
(b) ADS shall be liable to the Trust for any losses arising out of any act
or omission in the course of its duties, the negligence, misfeasance, bad faith
of ADS or breach of the agreement by ADS or disregard of ADS's obligations and
duties under this agreement or the willful violation of any applicable law.
(c) ADS, the Trust and their respective shareholders, officers, director,
trustees, employees and agents (as "Indemnified Parties") and each of ADS and
the Trust (as "Indemnifying Parties") agree to the following indemnifications.
Except as may otherwise be provided by applicable law, no Indemnified Party
shall be subject to, and the Indemnifying Party shall indemnify and hold such
Indemnified Party harmless from and against, any liability for and any damages,
expenses or losses incurred by reason of the inaccuracy of information furnished
to such Indemnified Party provided that the Trust shall not have any
indemnification obligations with respect to inaccurate information supplied by
pricing agents selected by ADS and ADS shall not have any indemnification
obligations in circumstances where ADS has acted in accordance with the standard
of care established in Subparagraph (b) of this Section. An Indemnified Party
shall promptly notify the Indemnifying Party of the assertion of a claim for
which the Indemnifying Party may be required to indemnify the Indemnified Party
and shall keep the Indemnifying Party advised with respect to all developments
regarding such claim. The Indemnifying Party shall have the option to
participate in the defense of such claim. An Indemnified Party in no case shall
confess any claim or make any compromise in any case in which the Indemnifying
Party may be required to indemnify the Indemnified Party except with the
Indemnifying Party `s prior written consent.
4. REPORTS
(a) The Trust shall provide to ADS on a quarterly basis a report of a duly
authorized officer of the Trust representing that all information furnished to
ADS during the preceding quarter was true, complete and correct in all material
respects. ADS shall not be responsible for the accuracy of any information
furnished to it by the Trust or its authorized agents, and the Trust shall hold
ADS harmless in regard to any liability incurred by reason of the inaccuracy of
such information.
(b) Whenever, in the course of performing its duties under this Agreement,
ADS determines, on the basis of information supplied to ADS by the Trust or its
authorized agents, that a violation of applicable law has occurred or that, to
its knowledge, a possible violation of applicable law may have occurred or, with
the passage of time, would occur, ADS shall promptly notify the Trust and its
counsel of such violation.
5. ACTIVITIES OF ADS.
The services of ADS under this Agreement are not to be deemed exclusive,
and ADS shall be free to render similar services to others so long as its
services hereunder are not impaired thereby.
6. ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS
The accounts and records maintained by ADS shall be the property of the
Trust, and shall be surrendered to the Trust promptly upon request by the Trust
in the form in which such accounts and records have been maintained or preserved
(including the electronic or computerized format in which such accounts and
records have been maintained). ADS agrees to maintain a back-up set of accounts
and records of the Trust (which back-up set shall be updated on at least a
weekly basis) at a location other than that where the original accounts and
records are stored. ADS shall assist the Trust's independent auditors, or, upon
approval of the Trust, any regulatory body, in any requested review of the
Trust's accounts and records. ADS shall preserve the accounts and records as
they are required to be maintained and preserved by Rule 31a-1.
7. CONFIDENTIALITY
ADS agrees that it will, on behalf of itself and its officers and
employees, treat all information obtained pursuant to, and all transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, and all other information germane thereto, as
confidential and not to be disclosed to any person except as may be authorized
by the Trust.
8. DURATION AND TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT
This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof and shall
remain in force for a period of three (3) years, provided however, that both
parties to this Agreement have the option to terminate the Agreement, without
penalty, upon ninety (90) days prior written notice.
Should the Trust exercise its right to terminate, all expenses incurred by
ADS associated with the movement of records and material will be borne by the
Trust. Such expenses will include all out-of-pocket expenses and all time
incurred to train or consult with the successor fund accounting agent with
regard to the transfer of fund accounting responsibilities. The charge for all
time incurred by ADS will be calculated in accordance with the rates specified
in Schedule A paragraph (c).
9. ASSIGNMENT
This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto
and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this
Agreement shall not be assignable by the Trust without the prior written consent
of ADS, or by ADS without the prior written consent of the Trust.
10. NEW YORK LAWS TO APPLY
The provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in
accordance with the laws of the State of New York as at the time in effect and
the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act. To the extent that the applicable law
of the State of New York, or any of the provisions herein, conflict with the
applicable provisions of the 1940 Act, the latter shall control.
11. AMENDMENTS TO THIS AGREEMENT
This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto only if such amendment
is in writing and signed by both parties.
12. MERGER OF AGREEMENT
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto
and supersedes any prior agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof
whether oral or written.
13. NOTICES.
All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, shall
be deemed to have been given when received or when sent by telex or facsimile,
and shall be given to the following addresses (or such other addresses as to
which notice is given):
To the Trust: To ADS:
Robert H. Wadsworth Michael Miola
Vice President President
Advisors Series Trust American Data Services, Inc.
4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E 24 West Carver Street
Phoenix, AZ 85018 Huntington, New York 11743
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the
day and year first above written.
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST AMERICAN DATA SERVICES, INC.
By:____________________________ By:__________________________
Michael Miola, President
----------------------------
TRANSFER AGENCY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made the____day of _____, 1997, by and between Advisors Series Trust a
Delaware business trust, (the "Trust") with respect to the Trust's [Name of
Fund] series (the "Fund"), and American Data Services, Inc., a New York
corporation having its principal office and place of business at 24 West Carver
Street., Huntington, New York 11743 ("ADS").
WHEREAS, the Trust desires to appoint ADS as the transfer agent, dividend
disbursing agent and agent of the Fund in connection with certain other
activities, and ADS desires to accept such appointment;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained,
the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. TERMS OF APPOINTMENT; DUTIES OF ADS
1.01 Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this agreement, the
Trust hereby employs and appoints ADS to act as, and ADS agrees to act as its
transfer agent for the Fund's authorized and issued shares of beneficial
interest, $________ par value, ("Shares"), dividend disbursing agent and agent
in connection with any accumulation, open-account or similar plans provided to
the shareholders of the fund ("Shareholders") set out in the currently effective
prospectus and statement of additional information ("prospectus") of the Fund.
1.02 ADS agrees that it will perform the following services:
(a) In accordance with the Trust's Registration Statement, which describes
how sales and redemptions of Shares shall be made, ADS shall:
(i) Receive for acceptance, orders for the purchase of Shares, and
promptly deliver payment and appropriate documentation therefore to the
Custodian of the Fund authorized by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the
"Custodian");
(ii) Pursuant to purchase orders, issue the appropriate number of
full and fractional Shares and hold such Shares in the appropriate Shareholder
account;
(iii) Receive for acceptance redemption requests and redemption
directions and deliver the appropriate documentation therefore to the Custodian;
(iv) At the appropriate time as and when it receives monies paid
to it by the Custodian with respect to any redemption, pay over or cause to be
paid over in the appropriate manner such monies as instructed by the redeeming
Shareholders;
(v) Effect transfers of Shares by the registered owners thereof
upon receipt of appropriate instructions;
(vi) Prepare and transmit payments for dividends and distributions
declared by the Fund, and effect dividend and capital gains distribution
reinvestments in accordance with Shareholder instructions;
(vii) Serve as a record keeping transfer agent for the Fund, and
maintain records of account for and advise the Fund and its Shareholders as to
the foregoing; and
(viii) Record the issuance of Shares and maintain pursuant to SEC
Rule 17Ad-10(e) a record of the total number of Shares which are authorized,
based upon data provided to it by the Fund, and issued and outstanding. ADS
shall also provide the Fund each business day with the following: (I) the total
number and dollar amount of Shares issued and outstanding as of the close of
business on the preceding business day; (ii) the total number and dollar amount
of Shares sold on the preceding business day; (iii) the total number and dollar
amount of Shares redeemed on the preceding business day; (iv) the total number
and dollar amount of Shares sold on the preceding business day pursuant to
dividend and capital gains distribution reinvestments; and (v) the total number
and dollar amount of Shares which are authorized and issued and outstanding as
of the opening of business on such day.
(b) In addition to and not in lieu of the services set forth in the above
paragraph (a), ADS shall:
(i) Perform all of the customary services of a transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent, including but not limited to: maintaining all
Shareholder accounts, preparing Shareholder meeting lists, mailing proxies,
receiving and tabulating proxies, mailing Shareholder reports and prospectuses
to current Shareholders, withholding taxes on U.S. resident and non-resident
alien accounts, preparing and filing U.S. Treasury Department Forms 1099 and
other appropriate forms required with respect to dividends and distributions by
federal authorities for all Shareholders, preparing and mailing confirmation
forms and statements of account to Shareholders for all purchases redemptions of
Shares and other confirmable transactions in Shareholder accounts as prescribed
in the federal securities laws or as described in the Trust's Registration
Statement, preparing and mailing activity statements for Shareholders, and
providing Shareholder account information and (ii) provide a system and reports
which will enable the Fund to monitor the total number of Shares sold in each
State.
(c) In addition, the Fund shall (i) identify to ADS in writing those
transactions and shares to be treated as exempt from blue sky reporting for each
State and (ii) monitor the daily activity for each State, as provided by ADS.
The responsibility of ADS pursuant to this Agreement for the Fund's blue sky
State registration status is solely limited to the initial establishment of
transactions subject to blue sky compliance by the Fund and the reporting of
such transactions to the Fund as provided above.
Procedures applicable to certain of these services may be established from
time to time by agreement between the Trust and ADS.
2. FEES AND EXPENSES
2.01 For performance by ADS pursuant to this Agreement, the Trust agrees to
pay ADS an annual maintenance fee for each Shareholder account and transaction
fees for each portfolio or class of Shares serviced under this Agreement (See
Schedule A) as set out in the fee schedule attached hereto. Such fees and out-of
pocket expenses and advances identified under Section 2.02 below may be changed
from time to time subject to mutual written agreement between the Trust and ADS.
2.02 In addition to the fee paid under Section 2.01 above, the Trust agrees
to reimburse ADS for out-of-pocket expenses or advances incurred by ADS for the
items set out in the fee schedule attached hereto. In addition, any other
expenses incurred by ADS at the request or with the consent of the Trust, will
be reimbursed by the Trust.
2.03 The Trust agrees to pay all fees and reimbursable expenses within five
days following the receipt of the respective billing notice. Postage for mailing
of dividends, proxies, Fund reports and other mailings to all shareholder
accounts shall be advanced to ADS by the Trust at least seven (7) days prior to
the mailing date of such materials.
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF ADS
ADS represents and warrants to the Trust that:
3.01 It is a corporation duly organized and existing and in good standing
under the laws of The State of New York.
3.02 It is duly qualified to carry on its business in The State of New
York.
3.03 It is empowered under applicable laws and by its charter and by-laws
to enter into and perform this Agreement.
3.04 All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to
enter into and perform this Agreement.
3.05 It has and will continue to have access to the necessary facilities,
equipment and personnel to perform its duties and obligations under this
Agreement.
3.06 ADS is duly registered as a transfer agent under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and shall continue to be registered throughout the
remainder of this Agreement.
4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE TRUST
The Trust represents and warrants to ADS that;
4.01 It is a business trust duly organized and existing and in good
standing under the laws of Delaware.
4.02 It is empowered under applicable laws and by its Declaration of Trust
and By-Laws to enter into and perform this Agreement.
4.03 All proceedings required by said Declaration of Trust and By-Laws have
been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement.
4.04 It is an open-end management investment company registered under the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
4.05 A registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 is currently
or will become effective and will remain effective, and appropriate state
securities law filings as required, have been or will be made and will continue
to be made, with respect to all Shares being offered for sale.
5. INDEMNIFICATION
5.01 ADS shall not be responsible for, and the Trust shall indemnify and
hold ADS harmless from and against, any and all losses, damages, costs, charges,
counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable
to:
(a) All actions of ADS or its agents or subcontractors required to be
taken pursuant to this Agreement, provided that such actions are taken in good
faith and without negligence, willful misconduct, or in reckless disregard of
its duties under this Agreement..
(b) The Trust's refusal or failure to comply with the terms of this
Agreement, or which arise out of the Trust's lack good faith, negligence or
willful misconduct or which arise out of the breach of any representation or
warranty of the Trust hereunder.
(c) The reliance on or use by ADS or its agents or subcontractors of
information, records and documents which (i) are received by ADS or its agents
or subcontractors and furnished to it by or on behalf of the Trust, and (ii)
have been prepared and/or maintained by the Trust or any other person or firm on
behalf of the Trust.
(d) The reliance on, or the carrying out by ADS or its agents or
subcontractors of any written instruction signed by an officer of the Trust, or
any legal opinion of counsel to the Trust.
(e) The offer or sale of Shares in violation of any requirement under the
federal securities laws or regulations or the securities laws or regulations of
any state that such Shares be registered in such state or in violation of any
stop order or other determination or ruling by any federal agency or any state
with respect to the offer or sale of such Shares in such state.
5.02 ADS shall indemnify and hold the Trust harmless from and against any
and all losses, damages, costs, charges, counsel fees, payments, expenses and
liability arising out of or attributable to any action or failure or omission to
act by ADS as a result of ADS's lack of good faith, negligence or willful
misconduct or the breach of any warranty or representation of ADS hereunder.
5.03 At any time ADS may apply to any officer of the Trust for
instructions, and may consult with the Trust's legal counsel with respect to any
matter arising in connection with the services to be performed by ADS under this
Agreement, and ADS and its agents or subcontractors shall not be liable and
shall be indemnified by the Trust for any action taken or omitted by it in
reliance upon such instructions or upon the opinion of such counsel. ADS, its
agents and subcontractors shall be protected and indemnified in acting upon any
paper or document furnished by or on behalf of the Trust, reasonably believed to
be genuine and to have been signed by the proper person or persons, or upon any
instruction, information, data, records or documents provided ADS or its agents
or subcontractors by machine readable input, telex, CRT data entry or other
similar means authorized by the Trust, and shall not be held to have notice of
any change of authority of any person, until receipt of written notice thereof
from the Trust. ADS, its agents and subcontractors shall also be protected and
indemnified in recognizing stock certificates which are reasonably believed to
bear the proper manual or facsimile signatures of the officers of the Trust, and
the proper countersignature of any former transfer agent or registrar, or of a
co-transfer agent or co-registrar.
5.04 In the event either party is unable to perform its obligations under
the terms of this Agreement because of acts of God, strikes, equipment or
transmission failure or damage reasonably beyond its control, or other causes
reasonably beyond its control, such party shall not be liable for damages to the
other for any damages resulting from such failure to perform or otherwise from
such causes.
5.05 Neither party to this Agreement shall be liable to the other party for
consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement or for any act or
failure to act hereunder.
5.06 In order that the indemnification provisions contained in this Article
5 shall apply, upon the assertion of a claim for which either party may be
required to indemnify the other, the party of seeking indemnification shall
promptly notify the other party of such assertion, and shall keep the other
party advised with respect to all developments concerning such claim. The party
who may be required to indemnify shall have the option to participate with the
party seeking indemnification the defense of such claim. The party seeking
indemnification shall in no case confess any claim or make any compromise in any
case in which the other party may be required to indemnify it except with the
other party's prior written consent.
6. COVENANTS OF THE TRUST AND ADS
6.01 The Trust Shall promptly furnish to ADS a certified copy of the
resolution of the Board of Trustees of the Trust authorizing the appointment of
ADS and the execution and delivery of this Agreement.
6.02 ADS hereby agrees to establish and maintain facilities and procedures
reasonably acceptable to the Trust for safekeeping of stock certificates, check
forms and facsimile signature imprinting devices, if any; and for the
preparation or use, and for keeping account of, such certificates, forms and
devices.
6.03 ADS shall keep records relating to the services to be performed
hereunder, in the form and manner as it may deem advisable. To the extent
required by Section 31 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and
the Rules thereunder, ADS agrees that all such records prepared or maintained by
ADS relating to the services to be performed by ADS hereunder are the property
of the Trust and will be preserved, maintained and made available in accordance
with such Section and Rules, and will be surrendered promptly to the Trust on
and in accordance with its request.
6.04 ADS and the Trust agree that all books, records, information and data
pertaining to the business of the other party which are exchanged or received
pursuant to the negotiation or the carrying out of this Agreement shall remain
confidential, and shall not be voluntarily disclosed to any other person, except
as may be required by law.
6.05 In case of any requests or demands for the inspection of the
Shareholder records of the Fund, ADS will endeavor to notify the Trust and to
secure instructions from an authorized officer of the Trust as to such
inspection. ADS reserves the right, however, to exhibit the Shareholder records
to any person whenever it is advised by its counsel that it may be held liable
for the failure to exhibit the Shareholder records to such person, and shall
promptly notify the Trust of any unusual request to inspect or copy the
shareholder records of the Fund or the receipt of any other unusual request to
inspect, copy or produce the records of the Trust.
7. TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT
7.01 This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof and shall
remain in force through and shall automatically terminate on , 199 , provided
however, that both parties to this Agreement have the option to terminate the
Agreement, without penalty, upon ninety (90) days prior written notice.
7.02 Should the Trust exercise its right to terminate, all expenses
incurred by ADS associated with the movement of records and material will be
borne by the Trust. Such expenses will include all out-of-pocket expenses and
all time incurred to train or consult with the successor transfer agent with
regard to the transfer of shareholder accounting and stock transfer
responsibilities. The charge for all time incurred by ADS will be calculated in
accordance with the rates specified in the Fee Schedule paragraph (e).
8. ASSIGNMENT
8.01 Neither this Agreement nor any rights or obligations hereunder may be
assigned by either party without the written consent of the other party.
8.02 This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the
parties and their respective successors and assigns.
9. AMENDMENT
9.01 This Agreement may be amended or modified by a written agreement
executed by both parties and authorized or approved by a resolution of the Board
of Trustees of the Trust.
10. NEW YORK LAWS TO APPLY
10.01 The provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted
in accordance with the laws of the State of New York as at the time in effect
and the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act. To the extent that the applicable
law of the State of New York, or any of the provisions herein, conflict with the
applicable provisions of the 1940 Act, the latter shall control.
11. MERGER OF AGREEMENT
11.01 This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties
hereto and supersedes any prior agreement with respect to the subject matter
hereof whether oral or written.
12. NOTICES.
All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, shall
be deemed to have been given when received or when sent by telex or facsimile,
and shall be given to the following addresses (or such other addresses as to
which notice is given):
To the Trust: To ADS
Robert H. Wadsworth Michael Miola
Vice President President
Advisors Series Trust American Data Services, Inc.
4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E 24 West Carver Street
Phoenix, AZ 85018 Huntington, New York 11743
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the
day and year first above written.
ADVISORS SERIES TRUST AMERICAN DATA SERVICES, INC.
By:____________________________ By:__________________________
Michael Miola, President
----------------------------