<PAGE> 1
As Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-17305
PROSPECTUS
OFFER TO EXCHANGE
11 3/8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006
FOR ALL OUTSTANDING
11 3/8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006
OF
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC.
THE EXCHANGE OFFER WILL EXPIRE AT 5:00 P.M.,
NEW YORK CITY TIME ON MARCH 17, 1997, UNLESS EXTENDED
International Knife & Saw, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("IKS" or the
"Company"), hereby offers to exchange an aggregate principal amount of up to
$90,000,000 of its 11 3/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 (the "New Notes")
for a like principal amount of its 11 3/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006
(the "Existing Notes") outstanding on the date hereof upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in this Prospectus and in the accompanying letter of
transmittal (the "Letter of Transmittal" and, together with this Prospectus, the
"Exchange Offer"). The New Notes and the Existing Notes are hereinafter
collectively referred to as the "Notes." The terms of the New Notes are
identical in all material respects to those of the Existing Notes, except for
certain transfer restrictions and registration rights relating to the Existing
Notes. The New Notes will be issued pursuant to, and be entitled to the benefits
of, the Indenture (as defined) governing the Existing Notes.
The New Notes will bear interest from and including the date of consummation
of the Exchange Offer. Interest on the New Notes will be payable semi-annually
on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing May 15, 1997. Additionally,
interest on the New Notes will accrue from the last interest payment date on
which interest was paid on the Existing Notes surrendered in exchange therefor
or, if no interest has been paid on the Existing Notes, from the date of
original issue of the Existing Notes.
The New Notes will be general unsecured obligations of the Company. The New
Notes will be subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future Senior
Debt (as defined) and pari passu in right of payment with all other existing and
future senior subordinated indebtedness of the Company. Although the Company's
U.S. operations are owned directly, its foreign operations are conducted through
subsidiaries. The New Notes will be effectively subordinated to all existing and
future indebtedness and other obligations of such subsidiaries. As of September
30, 1996, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the Transactions (as
defined), the Company would have had no Senior Debt outstanding (exclusive of
unused commitments of $20.0 million) and the Company's subsidiaries would have
had approximately $9.3 million of indebtedness outstanding (exclusive of unused
commitments of $5.0 million). On December 31, 1996, the Company had no Senior
Debt outstanding and the Company's subsidiaries had approximately $9.9 million
of indebtedness outstanding (exclusive of such unused commitments). The
Indenture permits the Company and its subsidiaries to incur additional
indebtedness, subject to certain limitations.
The New Notes are being offered hereunder in order to satisfy certain
obligations of the Company contained in the Registration Rights Agreement dated
November 6, 1996 (the "Registration Rights Agreement") by and between the
Company and Schroder Wertheim & Co. Incorporated and Smith Barney Inc. (the
"Initial Purchasers") with respect to the initial sale of the Existing Notes.
The Company will not receive any proceeds from the Exchange Offer. The
Company will pay all the expenses incident to the Exchange Offer. Tenders of
Existing Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer may be withdrawn at any time prior
to the Expiration Date (as defined) for the Exchange Offer. In the event the
Company terminates the Exchange Offer and does not accept for exchange any
Existing Notes with respect to the Exchange Offer, the Company will promptly
return such Existing Notes to the holders thereof. See "The Exchange Offer."
Each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account pursuant to
the Exchange Offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in
connection with any resale of such New Notes. The Letter of Transmittal states
that by so acknowledging and by delivery of a prospectus, a broker-dealer will
not be deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). This Prospectus, as
it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a
broker-dealer in connection with resales of New Notes received in exchange for
Existing Notes where such Existing Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as
a result of market-making activities or other trading activities. The Company
has agreed that, for a period of 180 days after the Expiration Date, it will
make this Prospectus available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with
any such resale. See "Plan of Distribution."
Prior to the Exchange Offer, there has been no public market for the
Existing Notes. If a market for the New Notes should develop, such New Notes
could trade at a discount from their principal amount. The Company currently
does not intend to list the New Notes on any securities exchange or to seek
approval for quotation through any automated quotation system, and no active
public market for the New Notes is currently anticipated. There can be no
assurance that an active public market for the New Notes will develop.
The Exchange Offer is not conditioned upon any minimum principal amount of
Existing Notes being tendered for exchange pursuant to the Exchange Offer.
------------------------
SEE "RISK FACTORS" COMMENCING ON PAGE 9 FOR A DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN
FACTORS THAT HOLDERS OF EXISTING NOTES SHOULD CONSIDER IN CONNECTION WITH THE
EXCHANGE OFFER.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
------------------------
The date of this Prospectus is February 14, 1997.
<PAGE> 2
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a Registration Statement on Form S-4 (the "Exchange Offer
Registration Statement," which term shall encompass all amendments, exhibits,
annexes and schedules thereto) pursuant to the Securities Act, and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder, covering the New Notes being offered hereby.
This Prospectus does not contain all the information set forth in the Exchange
Offer Registration Statement. For further information with respect to the
Company and the Exchange Offer, reference is made to the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement. Statements made in this Prospectus as to the contents of
any contract, agreement or other document referred to are not necessarily
complete. With respect to each such contract, agreement or other document filed
as an exhibit to the Exchange Offer Registration Statement, reference is made to
the exhibit for a more complete description of the document or matter involved,
and each such statement shall be deemed qualified in its entirety by such
reference. The Exchange Offer Registration Statement, including the exhibits
thereto, can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities
maintained by the Commission at Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington,
D.C. 20549, and at the Regional Offices of the Commission at Seven World Trade
Center, Suite 1300, New York, New York 10048 and at Northwestern Atrium Center,
500 West Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661. Copies of such
materials can also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the
Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed
rates. In addition, the Commission maintains a Web site that contains reports,
proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants
that file electronically with the Commission. The address of such Web site is:
http://www.sec.gov.
As a result of the Exchange Offer, the Company will become subject to the
informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the "Exchange Act"), and in accordance therewith will be required to file
periodic reports and other information with the Commission. In the event the
Company ceases to be subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange
Act, the Company will be required under the Indenture, for so long as any of the
Notes remain outstanding, to furnish to the holders of the Notes and file with
the Commission (unless the Commission will not accept such a filing) (i) all
quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be
contained in a filing with the Commission on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company
were required to file such forms, including a "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and, with respect to
the annual information only, a report thereon by the Company's certified
independent accountants and (ii) all reports that would be required to be filed
with the Commission on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file such
reports.
This Prospectus includes forward-looking statements which involve risks and
uncertainties as to future events. Actual events or results may differ
materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of
various factors, including, without limitation, those set forth under "Risk
Factors".
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SUMMARY
The following summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in
its entirety by the more detailed information and the Company's historical
consolidated financial statements and "Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated
Financial Information," and the respective notes thereto, included elsewhere in
this Prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated, industry and market data used
throughout this Prospectus are based on Company estimates which, while believed
by the Company to be reliable, have not been verified by independent sources.
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references to
"IKS" or the "Company" are to International Knife & Saw, Inc. and its
consolidated subsidiaries.
THE COMPANY
The Company is a global leader in the manufacturing, servicing and
marketing of industrial and commercial machine knives and saws, operating in an
estimated worldwide market of $1.0 billion. The Company's products, which are
consumed in the normal course of machine operation and need resharpening or
replacement many times a year, are mounted in industrial machines and are used
in virtually every facet of cutting, slitting, chipping and forming of
materials. The Company serves the following major market sectors: (i) Wood (42%
of 1995 net sales); (ii) Paper & Packaging (38%); (iii) Metal (14%); and (iv)
Plastic & Recycling (6%). The Company believes that it has a leading worldwide
market share in each of these market sectors and that it is the only company
that serves all four such sectors.
The Company believes that it has the most extensive product offering in the
industry, selling over 10,000 knife and saw products to a wide range of
end-users, from large industrial and consumer product manufacturers to small
family-owned print shops. The breadth of the Company's product line is enhanced
by the Company's strategic relationships with over 50 finished goods suppliers,
offering IKS the flexibility to manufacture or source many of its products. IKS
products are used for diverse applications in numerous markets, including the
use of circular slitter knives to cut copy paper, long veneer slicer knives to
slice thin veneer used in the manufacture of quality furniture and circular
metal slitter knives to cut wide coils of steel into narrow strips. Reflecting
the Company's broad product range and numerous applications, the Company sells
to over 5,000 customers with no customer accounting for more than 3% of the
Company's net sales.
IKS is the only industrial knife and saw manufacturer with operations in
North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America and products sold in more than 75
countries. The Company utilizes its salesforce, the largest direct salesforce in
the industry, to focus its efforts on aftermarket sales to end-users, which
accounted for 89% of the Company's 1995 net sales. The Company also sells to
end-users through Company-owned and independent resharpening service centers,
which resharpen both IKS and competitors' knives and saws and also act as
distributors of IKS products, as well as through distributors and agents. The
Company's remaining sales are to over 300 original equipment manufacturers
("OEMs") of industrial cutting equipment, and the Company believes it is the
leading supplier of knife and saw products to OEMs.
The Company's sales are principally in North America and Europe,
representing 73% and 26% of 1995 net sales, respectively, and the Company
believes that significant opportunities exist to expand its share of these two
major markets. The Company has also recently expanded its operations into the
emerging markets of Asia and Latin America (with sales growing from 1% of fiscal
1995 net sales to 6.8% of net sales for the nine month period ended September
30, 1996). The Company plans to continue its international growth, entering new
geographic markets while broadening existing ones. Since 1991, the Company has
expanded its domestic and international operations through internal growth, the
development of strategic alliances and the acquisition of knife and saw
manufacturers and service centers. In addition, to maintain its position as a
low cost producer, the Company takes advantage of economies of scale in both
manufacturing and purchasing and has improved operating efficiencies. As a
result of these actions, during the four
1
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year period ended December 31, 1995, the Company achieved a net sales compound
annual growth rate ("CAGR") of 8.1%, with net sales increasing from $78 million
in 1991 to $107 million in 1995, and a pro forma EBITDA (as defined herein) CAGR
of 11.2%, with pro forma EBITDA increasing from $9.7 million in 1991 to $14.8
million in 1995. The annual growth rate of the Company's net sales during these
four years was 4.7%, 3.7%, 8.8% and 15.8%, respectively. For the nine month
period ended September 30, 1996, the Company's net sales increased 12.6% over
the comparable 1995 period to $89.3 million, and pro forma EBITDA increased
24.2% over the comparable 1995 period to $12.8 million.
The Company believes that it can enhance its leading market position
through the continued implementation of its business strategy. Key elements of
this strategy include (i) maximizing stable, high margin end-user sales; (ii)
increasing its global manufacturing, sourcing and marketing capabilities through
strategic alliances; (iii) growing its resharpening service center operations,
which increases direct access to end-users and enables the Company to capture
both resharpening and additional replacement business; (iv) expanding and
improving its product offering; (v) maintaining its focus on cost improvement
opportunities; and (vi) continuing to evaluate acquisitions in the highly
fragmented knife and saw industry.
IKS traces it origins to 1814, when Klingelnberg Soehne was founded in
Germany as a textile and hardware trading house. Klingelnberg Soehne began
manufacturing industrial knives and saws in the early 1900s and by 1940 was
serving a variety of product segments. Klingelnberg Soehne expanded its sales
into the North American market during the 1960s and subsequently established
manufacturing and resharpening operations which were complemented by several
strategic acquisitions. The Company was incorporated in 1979, and by 1991 it had
acquired the European and North American operations of Klingelnberg Soehne.
Since 1991, the Company has expanded its resharpening operations by acquiring
and opening 13 service centers, and has recently commenced operations in Asia
and Latin America. The principal executive offices of IKS are located at 1299
Cox Avenue in Erlanger, Kentucky and its telephone number is (606) 371-0333.
THE TRANSACTIONS
The Existing Notes were issued on November 6, 1996 concurrently with the
consummation of a recapitalization (the "Recapitalization") of The Klingelnberg
Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("IKS Holdings"). Prior to the
Recapitalization, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of IKS
Holdings was held by members of the Klingelnberg family and the Company's issued
and outstanding capital stock was held approximately 97% by IKS Holdings and
approximately 3% by John E. Halloran, Edward J. Brent, Thomas Meyer and Hans
Berg, each of whom was an executive officer of the Company (the "Existing
Management Investors").
The Recapitalization involved the following transactions: (i) the Existing
Management Investors exchanged their holdings of capital stock issued by the
Company for capital stock of IKS Holdings, and the Company became a wholly owned
subsidiary of IKS Holdings; (ii) IKS Holdings amended its charter to change its
corporate name to "IKS Corporation" and to authorize three classes of capital
stock, consisting of preferred stock (the "Holdings Preferred Stock"), voting
common stock (the "Holdings Class A Stock") and non-voting common stock (the
"Holdings Class B Stock" and, together with the Holdings Class A Stock, the
"Holdings Common Stock"); (iii) the issued and outstanding capital stock of IKS
Holdings was exchanged for a recapitalization distribution (the
"Recapitalization Distribution") which consisted of (a) approximately $86.6
million in cash and (b) Junior Subordinated Debentures of IKS Holdings (the
"Holdings Debentures"), Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Class A Stock with
an aggregate value of approximately $9.4 million issued to Arndt Klingelnberg,
Diether Klingelnberg and John E. Halloran; (iv) John E. Halloran and Thomas
Meyer, together with certain other key employees of the Company who were not
Existing Management Investors (the "New Management Investors" and, together with
the Existing Management Investors, the "Management Investors"), purchased
Holdings Debentures, Holdings
2
<PAGE> 5
Preferred Stock and Holdings Class A Stock from IKS Holdings for approximately
$1.3 million in cash; and (v) Citicorp Venture Capital Ltd. ("CVC") purchased
Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Common Stock from IKS
Holdings for $14.3 million in cash. See "The Transactions," "Stock Ownership"
and "Description of Certain Indebtedness -- Holdings Debentures."
The gross proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Existing Notes,
together with the aggregate investment of $15.6 million made in IKS Holdings by
John E. Halloran, Thomas Meyer, the New Management Investors and CVC in
connection with the Recapitalization, were used to (i) finance the cash portion
of the Recapitalization Distribution (approximately $86.6 million), (ii) repay
approximately $11.4 million of outstanding indebtedness referred to below and
(iii) pay approximately $5.0 million of fees and expenses related to the
Transactions. See "Use of Proceeds."
In connection with the Recapitalization, the Company repaid approximately
$5.2 million of its existing indebtedness and entered into a new $20.0 million
revolving credit facility (the "Senior Credit Facility"). In addition, a German
subsidiary of the Company repaid approximately $6.2 million of existing
indebtedness under its term loan and entered into a new $5.0 million revolving
credit facility (the "New German Credit Facility"). For information regarding
the Senior Credit Facility and the indebtedness of such subsidiary, see
"Description of Certain Indebtedness -- Senior Credit Facility" and
"-- Subsidiary Indebtedness."
The foregoing transactions, including the issuance of the Existing Notes,
the application of the proceeds therefrom and the payment of related transaction
fees and expenses, are collectively referred to herein as the "Transactions".
In anticipation of the Recapitalization, on July 25, 1996 the Company
acquired certain real property which had previously been under capital lease to
the Company for approximately $5.6 million (the "Realty Acquisition"). For
additional information concerning the Realty Acquisition, see "Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions."
3
<PAGE> 6
THE EXCHANGE OFFER
Securities Offered......... Up to $90,000,000 aggregate principal amount of
11 3/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006. The
terms of the New Notes and Existing Notes are
identical in all material respects, except for
certain transfer restrictions and registration
rights relating to the Existing Notes.
The Exchange Offer......... The New Notes are being offered in exchange for a
like principal amount of Existing Notes. Existing
Notes may be exchanged only in integral multiples
of $1,000. The issuance of the New Notes is
intended to satisfy obligations of the Company
contained in the Registration Rights Agreement.
Expiration Date; Withdrawal
of Tender................ The Exchange Offer will expire at 5:00 p.m. New
York City time, on March 17, 1997, or such later
date and time to which it may be extended by the
Company. The tender of Existing Notes pursuant to
the Exchange Offer may be withdrawn at any time
prior to the Expiration Date. Any Existing Notes
not accepted for exchange for any reason will be
returned without expense to the tendering holder
thereof as promptly as practicable after the
expiration or termination of the Exchange Offer.
Certain Conditions to the
Exchange Offer........... The Company's obligation to accept for exchange, or
to issue New Notes in exchange for, any Existing
Notes is subject to certain customary conditions
relating to compliance with any applicable law, any
applicable interpretation by the staff of the
Commission or any order of any governmental agency
or court of competent jurisdiction, which may be
waived by the Company in its reasonable discretion.
The Company currently expects that each of the
conditions will be satisfied and that no waivers
will be necessary. See "The Exchange
Offer -- Certain Conditions to the Exchange Offer."
Procedures for Tendering
Existing Notes........... Each holder of Existing Notes wishing to accept the
Exchange Offer must complete, sign and date the
Letter of Transmittal, or a facsimile thereof, in
accordance with the instructions contained herein
and therein, and mail or otherwise deliver such
Letter of Transmittal, or such facsimile, together
with such Existing Notes and any other required
documentation, to the Exchange Agent (as defined)
at the address set forth herein. See "The Exchange
Offer -- Procedures for Tendering Existing Notes."
Use of Proceeds............ The Company will not receive any proceeds from the
Exchange Offer.
Exchange Agent............. United States Trust Company of New York (the
"Exchange Agent") is serving as the Exchange Agent
in connection with the Exchange Offer.
Federal Income Tax
Consequences............. The exchange of Notes pursuant to the Exchange
Offer should not be a taxable event for federal
income tax purposes. See "Certain Federal Income
Tax Considerations."
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CONSEQUENCES OF EXCHANGING EXISTING NOTES PURSUANT TO THE EXCHANGE OFFER
Based on certain interpretive letters issued by the staff of the Commission
to third parties in unrelated transactions, the Company is of the view that
holders of Existing Notes (other than any holder who is an "affiliate" of the
Company within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act) who exchange
their Existing Notes for New Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer generally may
offer such New Notes for resale, resell such New Notes and otherwise transfer
such New Notes without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery
provisions of the Securities Act, provided such New Notes are acquired in the
ordinary course of the holders' business and such holders have no arrangement
with any person to participate in a distribution of such New Notes. Each
broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account in exchange for
Existing Notes must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection
with any resale of such New Notes. See "Plan of Distribution." In addition, to
comply with the securities laws of certain jurisdictions, if applicable, the New
Notes may not be offered or sold unless they have been registered or qualified
for sale in such jurisdictions or in compliance with an available exemption from
registration or qualification. The Company has agreed, pursuant to the
Registration Rights Agreement and subject to certain specified limitations
therein, to register or qualify the New Notes for offer or sale under the
securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as any holder of the Notes
reasonably requests in writing. If a holder of Existing Notes does not exchange
such Existing Notes for New Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer, such Existing
Notes will continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer contained in
the legend thereon. In general, the Existing Notes may not be offered or sold,
unless registered under the Securities Act, except pursuant to an exemption
from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable
state securities laws. Holders of Existing Notes do not have any appraisal or
dissenters' rights under the Delaware General Corporation Law in connection with
the Exchange Offer. See "The Exchange Offer -- Consequences of Failure to
Exchange; Resales of New Notes."
The Existing Notes are currently eligible for trading in the Private
Offerings, Resales and Trading through Automated Linkages ("PORTAL") market.
Following commencement of the Exchange Offer but prior to its consummation, the
Existing Notes may continue to be traded in the PORTAL market. Following
consummation of the Exchange Offer, the New Notes will not be eligible for
PORTAL trading.
THE NEW NOTES
The terms of the New Notes are identical in all material respects to the
Existing Notes, except for certain transfer restrictions and registration rights
relating to the Existing Notes.
Notes Offered.............. $90,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 11 3/8%
Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006.
Maturity................... November 15, 2006.
Interest Payment Dates..... May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing May
15, 1997.
Ranking.................... The New Notes will be general unsecured obligations
of the Company. The New Notes will be subordinated
in right of payment to all existing and future
Senior Debt (as defined) of the Company and will
rank pari passu in right of payment with all other
existing and future senior subordinated
indebtedness of the Company. In addition, the New
Notes will be effectively subordinated to all
existing and future indebtedness and other
obligations of the Company's subsidiaries. As of
September 30, 1996, after giving pro forma effect
to the Transactions, the Company would have had no
Senior Debt outstanding, exclusive of unused
commitments of $20.0 million, and the Company's
subsidiaries
5
<PAGE> 8
would have had approximately $9.3 million of
indebtedness outstanding (including China joint
venture indebtedness of approximately $3.8 million,
which is non-recourse to the Company, but excluding
unused commitments of $5.0 million). On December
31, 1996, the Company had no Senior Debt
outstanding and the Company's subsidiaries had
approximately $9.9 million of indebtedness
outstanding (including China joint venture
indebtedness but excluding unused commitments). The
indenture (the "Indenture") governing the New Notes
permits the Company and its subsidiaries to incur
additional indebtedness, subject to certain
limitations. See "Risk Factors -- Ranking of the
Notes; Subsidiary International Operations" and
"Description of the Notes -- Subordination."
Optional Redemption........ The New Notes (and any outstanding Existing Notes)
will be redeemable in cash at the option of the
Company, in whole or in part, at any time or from
time to time on or after November 15, 2001, at the
redemption prices set forth herein, together with
accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of
redemption. In addition, the Company may also
redeem Notes in cash at its option at any time
prior to November 15, 1999 at 111 3/8% of the
principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, to the date of redemption, with
the net proceeds of one or more Public Equity
Offerings; provided, however, that at least $60.0
million aggregate principal amount of the Notes
must remain outstanding after any such redemption.
See "Description of the Notes -- Optional
Redemption."
Change of Control.......... Upon a Change of Control, the Company will be
required to offer to repurchase the Notes at a
purchase price equal to 101% of the principal
amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest,
if any, to the date of repurchase. See "Description
of the Notes -- Change of Control."
Certain Covenants.......... The Indenture contains certain covenants with
respect to the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries (as defined), which restrict, among
other things, (a) the incurrence of additional
indebtedness, (b) the payment of dividends and
other restricted payments, (c) the creation of
certain liens, (d) the sale of
assets, (e) certain payment restrictions affecting
subsidiaries, (f) transactions with affiliates and
(g) the issuance of capital stock by subsidiaries.
The Indenture also restricts the Company's ability
to consolidate or merge with or into, or to
transfer all or substantially all of its assets to,
another person. These restrictions and requirements
are subject to a number of important qualifications
and exceptions. See "Description of the Notes --
Certain Covenants."
RISK FACTORS
Holders of Existing Notes should carefully consider all of the information
set forth in this Prospectus and, in particular, should evaluate the specific
factors under "Risk Factors" beginning on page 9 in connection with the Exchange
Offer.
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SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
The following table contains summary historical and pro forma financial data
of the Company for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995
and the nine month periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996. The summary
historical financial data for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1995 were derived from the audited consolidated financial
statements of the Company included elsewhere in this Prospectus. The summary
historical financial data as of September 30, 1996 and for the nine month
periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996 were derived from the unaudited
consolidated financial statements of the Company included elsewhere in this
Prospectus. In the opinion of management, such unaudited consolidated financial
statements include all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the
financial condition and results of operations of the Company for such periods.
The summary pro forma financial data for the year ended December 31, 1995, for
the nine month period ended September 30, 1995, and as of and for the nine month
period ended September 30, 1996 were derived from the "Unaudited Pro Forma
Consolidated Financial Information" included elsewhere in this Prospectus. The
summary pro forma financial data for the two year period ended December 31, 1994
were derived from historical financial data, adjusted for the private company
expenses referred to in Note 5 below. The pro forma financial data is presented
for informational purposes only and does not purport to represent what the
Company's financial position or results of operations would actually have been
if the Transactions and the Realty Acquisition had occurred on the assumed dates
or to project the Company's financial position or results of operations at any
future date or for any future periods. The information contained in this table
should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations", "Unaudited Pro Forma
Consolidated Financial Information" and the Company's historical consolidated
financial statements, including the notes thereto, included elsewhere in this
Prospectus.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH PERIOD
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------------- ---------------------
1993 1994 1995 1995 1996
------- ------- -------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING DATA:
Net sales................................... $84,964 $92,447 $107,030 $79,238 $89,256
Gross profit................................ 24,573 30,174 30,973 23,191 26,508
Operating income............................ 7,226 11,113 10,021 6,708 8,901
Net income.................................. 3,194 5,182 5,248 3,477 4,852
OTHER DATA:
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(1)....... 3.3x 5.5x 5.6x 5.2x 4.5x
EBITDA(2)................................... $ 9,735 $13,920 $ 14,222 $ 9,872 $12,573
Net cash provided by operating activities... 6,784 6,873 2,988 436 4,183
Net cash used in investing activities....... (13,264) (2,251) (3,783) (367) (7,222)
Net cash provided by (used) financing 4,640 764 4,494 2,287 (690)
activities................................
Depreciation and amortization(3)............ 2,813 3,359 3,570 2,445 3,007
Capital expenditures(4)..................... 9,112 3,383 4,663 3,421 7,312
Gross margin................................ 28.9% 32.6% 28.9% 29.3% 29.7%
EBITDA margin............................... 11.5% 15.1% 13.3% 12.5% 14.1%
EBITDA including LIFO charges and credits... 10,039 14,472 13,591 9,153 11,908
PRO FORMA DATA:
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(1)....... 1.1x 1.1x
EBITDA(2)(5)................................ $ 9,978 $14,367 $ 14,759 $10,283 $12,783
Interest expense............................ 10,946 8,328 8,609
EBITDA margin............................... 11.7% 15.5% 13.8% 13.0% 14.3%
Ratio of EBITDA to interest expense(6)...... 1.3x 1.5x
Ratio of net debt to EBITDA(7).............. 6.1x 5.4x
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
----------------------
ACTUAL PRO FORMA
------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital................................................................. $19,827 $ 46,288
Total assets.................................................................... 93,411 100,932
Debt (including notes payable and current portion of long-term debt)(8)......... 21,604 99,293
Shareholders' equity............................................................ 41,792 (17,234)
</TABLE>
(footnotes on following page)
7
<PAGE> 10
- ---------------
(1) For purposes of the computation, the ratio of earnings to fixed charges has
been calculated by dividing (i) earnings before income taxes and fixed
charges by (ii) fixed charges. Fixed charges are equal to interest expense
plus one-third of rental expense (the portion deemed representative of the
interest factor).
(2) EBITDA is defined as operating income plus depreciation and amortization
adjusted to exclude LIFO charges (credits) of ($304), ($552) and $631 for
the years ended December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively, and $719 and
$665 for the nine month periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996,
respectively. EBITDA has not been adjusted to exclude other unusual and one
time expenses incurred by the Company, as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER PERIOD ENDED
31, SEPTEMBER 30,
---------------------- -----------------
1993 1994 1995 1995 1996
----- ----- ---- -------- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Asia start-up costs.................................. $ -- $ 225 $419 $ 72 $ --
European facility relocation costs................... 342 246 -- -- --
European sales agency termination costs.............. -- 100 -- -- --
Indonesia management reorganization.................. -- -- 110 -- --
Environmental costs.................................. -- -- 60 -- --
----- ----- ---- --- ----
$ 342 $ 571 $589 $ 72 $ --
===== ===== ===== ======== =====
</TABLE>
EBITDA, adjusted to exclude these expenses, would have been $10,077, $14,491
and $14,811 for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995,
respectively, and $9,944 and $12,573 for the nine month periods ended
September 30, 1995 and 1996, respectively. EBITDA is a widely accepted
financial indicator of a company's ability to service debt. However, EBITDA
should not be construed as an alternative to operating income, net income or
cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles) and should not be construed as an
indication of the Company's operating performance or as a measure of
liquidity. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations." The EBITDA measure presented by the Company may
not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
(3) Depreciation and amortization as presented will not agree to the
consolidated statement of cash flows because of amortization reported below
the operating income line.
(4) 1993 includes $4,336 of capital expenditures related to the relocation of
the Company's German manufacturing facilities. The nine month period ended
September 30, 1996 includes $1,205 of capital expenditures related to the
consolidation of the Company's west coast operations and the expansion of
the Cincinnati facility, $1,801 of capital expenditures related to the
expansion of the China joint venture operations, and $5,581 related to the
Realty Acquisition.
(5) Pro Forma EBITDA includes adjustments for certain private company expenses
incurred by the Company, a family-owned business, which will be eliminated
following consummation of the Transactions ("Private Company Expenses"). See
"Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information" and "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
(6) For purposes of the computation, amortization of debt issuance costs of $500
for the year ended December 31, 1995 and $375 for the nine month period
ended September 30, 1996 have been excluded from interest expense.
(7) For purposes of the computation, net debt is equal to notes payable plus
total long-term debt (including the current portion and China joint venture
indebtedness of $3,801 as of September 30, 1996 which is non-recourse to the
Company but excluding capital lease obligations) less cash and cash
equivalents, and EBITDA for all interim periods presented has been
annualized.
(8) Debt includes China joint venture indebtedness of $3,801 which is
non-recourse to the Company.
8
<PAGE> 11
RISK FACTORS
Holders of Existing Notes should carefully consider the specific factors
set forth below as well as the other information included in this Prospectus in
connection with the Exchange Offer. The risk factors set forth below are
generally applicable to the Existing Notes as well as the New Notes.
SUBSTANTIAL LEVERAGE AND DEBT SERVICE
The Company is highly leveraged. At September 30, 1996, on a pro forma
basis after giving effect to the Transactions, the Company's total debt and
stockholders' deficit would have been $99.3 million (including China joint
venture indebtedness of approximately $3.8 million, which is non-recourse to the
Company) and $17.2 million, respectively. The Company would also have had
borrowing availability under the Senior Credit Facility and the New German
Credit Facility of $25.0 million, subject to the borrowing conditions contained
therein. For the year ended December 31, 1995 and the nine month period ended
September 30, 1996, the ratio of earnings to fixed charges would have been 1.1
to 1.0 and 1.1 to 1.0, respectively, after giving pro forma effect to the
Transactions and the Realty Acquisition as if they had occurred on January 1,
1995. The Company's ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of or
interest on, or to refinance, its indebtedness (including the Notes) and to make
scheduled payments under its operating leases depends on its future performance,
which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond
its control.
The Company's high level of debt and debt service requirements will have
several important effects on its future operations, including the following: (i)
the Company will have significant cash requirements to service debt, reducing
funds available for operations and future business opportunities and increasing
the Company's vulnerability to adverse general economic and industry conditions
and competition; (ii) the Company's leveraged position will increase its
vulnerability to competitive pressures; (iii) the financial covenants and other
restrictions contained in agreements relating to the Company's indebtedness and
in the Indenture will require the Company to meet certain financial tests and
will restrict its ability to borrow additional funds, to dispose of assets or to
pay cash dividends on, or repurchase, preferred or common stock and may
adversely affect the Company's ability to respond to competitive pressures; and
(iv) funds available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and
general corporate purposes will be limited. Any default under the documents
governing indebtedness of the Company could have a significant adverse effect on
the market value of the Notes.
Based upon the current level of operations, the Company believes that its
cash flow from operations, together with borrowings under the Senior Credit
Facility and its other sources of liquidity, will be adequate to meet its
anticipated requirements for working capital, capital expenditures, lease
payments, interest payments and scheduled principal payments. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations --
Liquidity and Capital Resources." There can be no assurance, however, that the
Company's business will continue to generate cash flow at or above current
levels. If the Company is unable to generate sufficient cash flow from
operations in the future to service its debt and make necessary capital or other
expenditures, or if its future cash flows are insufficient to amortize all
required principal payments out of internally generated funds, the Company may
be required to refinance all or a portion of its existing debt, sell assets or
obtain additional financing. There can be no assurance that any such refinancing
or asset sales would be possible or that any additional financing could be
obtained.
RANKING OF THE NOTES; SUBSIDIARY INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
The payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on, and any other
amounts owing in respect of, the New Notes, like the Existing Notes, will be
subordinated to the prior payment in full of all existing and future Senior
Debt, including indebtedness under the Senior Credit Facility. As of September
30, 1996, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the Transactions, the
Company
10
<PAGE> 12
would not have had any Senior Debt outstanding, exclusive of unused commitments
of $20.0 million which may be borrowed by the Company under the Senior Credit
Facility. In the event of the bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution,
reorganization or other winding up of the Company, the assets of the Company
will be available to pay obligations on the Notes only after all Senior Debt has
been paid in full, and there may not be sufficient assets remaining to pay
amounts due on any or all of the Notes. In addition, under certain
circumstances, the Company may not pay principal of, premium, if any, or
interest on, or any other amounts owing in respect of, the Notes, or purchase,
redeem or otherwise retire the Notes, if a payment default or a non-payment
default exists with respect to certain Senior Debt and, in the case of a
non-payment default, a payment blockage notice has been received by the Trustee
(as defined). See "Description of the Notes -- Subordination."
Although the Company's U.S. operations are owned directly, its foreign
operations are conducted through subsidiaries. Such subsidiaries have not
guaranteed or otherwise become obligated with respect to the Notes. The Notes
will therefore be effectively subordinated to all existing and future
liabilities, including indebtedness, of the Company's subsidiaries. As of
September 30, 1996, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the
Transactions, the Company's subsidiaries would have had indebtedness of
approximately $9.3 million (including China joint venture indebtedness of
approximately $3.8 million, which is non-recourse to the Company, but excluding
unused commitments of $5.0 million) and other liabilities of approximately $7.9
million reflected on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Claims of
creditors of the Company's subsidiaries, including trade creditors, will
generally have priority as to the assets of such subsidiaries over the claims of
the Company and the holders of the Company's indebtedness, including the Notes.
See "Description of the Notes -- Subordination."
RESTRICTIVE LOAN COVENANTS
The Indenture contains, and other debt instruments of the Company may in
the future contain, a number of significant covenants that, among other things,
restrict the ability of the Company to dispose of assets, incur additional
indebtedness, repay other indebtedness or amend other debt instruments, pay
dividends, create liens on assets, enter into investments or acquisitions,
engage in mergers or consolidations, make capital expenditures or engage in
certain transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates, and otherwise restrict
certain corporate activities.
The Company's ability to comply with the covenants contained in the
Indenture and other debt instruments of the Company may be affected by events
beyond its control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry
conditions. The breach of any of such covenants or restrictions could result in
a default under the Indenture and/or such other debt instruments, which would
permit the holders of the Notes or such lenders, as the case may be, to declare
all amounts borrowed thereunder to be due and payable, together with accrued and
unpaid interest, and the commitments of the senior lenders to make further
extensions of credit under such other debt instruments could be terminated. If
the Company were unable to repay its indebtedness to its senior lenders, such
lenders could proceed against the collateral securing such indebtedness, which
collateral consists of accounts receivable and inventory of the Company.
DEPENDENCE ON KEY INDIVIDUALS
The success of the Company is largely dependent on the experience and
knowledge of a few key executive officers. The loss of the services of one or
more of these individuals and the Company's inability to attract and retain
other key members of the Company's management could have a material adverse
effect upon the Company.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
The Company operates manufacturing, sales and service facilities in eight
foreign countries and sells its products in more than 75 foreign countries,
which accounted for approximately 41% of the Company's 1995 net sales (including
approximately 10% of 1995 net sales in Canada). As a result,
10
<PAGE> 13
the Company is subject to risks associated with operating in foreign countries,
including fluctuations in currency exchange rates, imposition of limitations on
conversion of foreign currencies into dollars or remittance of dividends and
other payments by foreign subsidiaries, imposition or increase of withholding
and other taxes on remittances and other payments by foreign subsidiaries,
hyperinflation in certain foreign countries and imposition or increase of
investment and other restrictions by foreign governments. Fluctuations in
currency exchange rates have had an impact on the Company's operations in the
past, and historically the Company has not hedged its foreign currency risks. No
assurance can be given that the risks associated with operating in foreign
countries will not have a material adverse effect on the Company in the future.
See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" and "Business."
DEPENDENCE ON TOOL STEEL
The principal raw material used by the Company is tool steel. Although the
Company maintains inventories of tool steel in excess of normal business
practice, any major disruption in the supply of tool steel could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business and financial condition.
The steel industry is highly cyclical in nature and steel prices are
influenced by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company, including
general economic conditions, labor costs, molybdenum and chrome costs,
competition, import duties, tariffs and currency exchange rates. This volatility
can significantly affect the Company's raw material costs. Competitive
conditions determine how much of steel price increases can be passed on to the
Company's customers. In 1995, the Company's ability to pass steel price
increases on to its customers on a timely basis was limited. If the Company is
unable to pass some or all of future steel price increases to its customers, the
Company could be materially and adversely affected. See "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
"Business -- Raw Materials".
COMPETITION
The industrial knife and saw market is highly fragmented with numerous
participants. Although there is no one company which competes with the Company
in all four of the market sectors which the Company serves and there is no one
company which is dominant in any of such market sectors, there can be no
assurance that the Company's products will be able to compete successfully with
those of its competitors. See "Business -- Competition."
FRAUDULENT CONVEYANCE CONSIDERATIONS
A portion of the proceeds from the sale of the Existing Notes was used by
the Company to pay a dividend to IKS Holdings to finance, in part, the cash
portion of the Recapitalization Distribution. See "The Transactions." If a court
in a lawsuit on behalf of any unpaid creditor of the Company or a representative
of the Company's creditors were to find that, at the time the Company issued the
Existing Notes, the Company (x) intended to hinder, delay or defraud any
existing or future creditor or contemplated insolvency with a design to prefer
one or more creditors to the exclusion in whole or in part of others or (y) did
not receive fair consideration in good faith or reasonably equivalent value for
issuing the Existing Notes and the Company (i) was insolvent, (ii) was rendered
insolvent by reason of the incurrence of indebtedness represented by the
Existing Notes or such dividend, (iii) was engaged or about to engage in a
business or transaction for which its remaining assets constituted unreasonably
small capital to carry on its business, or (iv) intended to incur, or believed
that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they matured,
such court could void the Notes and void such transactions. Alternatively, in
such event, claims of the holders of Notes could be subordinated to claims of
other creditors of the Company. The Company may be viewed as having been
insolvent at the time of or as a result of the Transactions if the fair value of
its assets did not exceed its probable liabilities at the time of, or following,
the Transactions.
Based upon financial and other information available to it, management of
the Company believes that the Existing Notes were incurred for proper purposes
and in good faith. The Company
11
<PAGE> 14
believes that it (i) was solvent immediately prior to and following the issuance
of the Existing Notes and the consummation of the other Transactions because the
Company believes that the fair value of the Company's assets exceeded its
probable liabilities, (ii) had sufficient capital for carrying on its business,
and (iii) was able to pay its debts as they matured. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations -- Liquidity and Capital Resources." There can be no assurance,
however, that a court would concur with such beliefs and positions.
In rendering their opinions in connection with the offer and sale of the
Existing Notes, counsel for the Company and counsel for the Initial Purchasers
did not express any opinion as to the applicability of Federal or state
fraudulent conveyance laws.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
As with most industrial companies, the Company's facilities and operations
are required to comply with and are subject to a wide variety of federal, state,
local and foreign environmental and worker health and safety laws, regulations
and ordinances, including those related to air emissions, wastewater discharges
and chemical and hazardous waste management and disposal ("Environmental Laws").
Certain of these Environmental Laws hold owners or operators of land or
businesses liable for their own and for previous owners' or operators' releases
of hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes, pollutants or
contaminants, including petroleum and petroleum products. Compliance with
Environmental Laws also may require the acquisition of permits or other
authorizations for certain activities and compliance with various standards or
procedural requirements. The nature of the Company's operations, the long
history of industrial uses at some of its current or former facilities, and the
operations of predecessor owners or operators of certain of the businesses
expose the Company to risk of liabilities or claims with respect to
environmental and worker health and safety matters. There can be no assurance
that material costs or liabilities will not be incurred in connection with such
liabilities or claims.
Future events, such as changes in existing laws and regulations or their
interpretation, may give rise to additional compliance costs or liabilities that
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition or results of operations. Compliance with more stringent laws or
regulations, as well as more vigorous enforcement policies of regulatory
agencies or stricter or different interpretations of existing laws, may require
additional expenditures by the Company that may be material. See
"Business -- Environmental and Regulatory Matters."
OWNERSHIP OF IKS HOLDINGS AND THE COMPANY
CVC, Arndt Klingelnberg, Diether Klingelnberg and the Management Investors
own all of the outstanding voting stock of IKS Holdings, which owns 100% of the
outstanding capital stock of the Company. By virtue of such stock ownership,
such persons have the power to direct the affairs of the Company and are able to
determine the outcome of all matters required to be submitted to stockholders
for approval, including the election of a majority of the Company's directors
and amendment of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation. See "The
Transactions" and "Stock Ownership."
PURCHASE OF NOTES UPON A CHANGE OF CONTROL
Upon a Change of Control, the Company is required to offer to repurchase
all outstanding Notes at 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase. The source of funds for any
such repurchase will be the Company's available cash or cash generated from
operating or other sources, including borrowings, sales of assets, sales of
equity or funds provided by a new controlling person. A Change of Control will
likely trigger an event of default under other debt instruments of the Company
which would permit the acceleration of the debt under such debt instruments.
Such debt instruments may prohibit the repurchase of the Notes by the Company in
the event of a Change of Control, unless and until such time as the indebtedness
under such debt
12
<PAGE> 15
instruments is repaid in full. There can be no assurance that sufficient funds
will be available at the time of any Change of Control to repay indebtedness
under such debt instruments and to make any required repurchases of Notes
tendered. See "Description of the Notes -- Change of Control."
ABSENCE OF A PUBLIC MARKET
The Existing Notes currently are eligible for trading in the PORTAL Market.
The New Notes are new securities for which there is currently no established
market. The Company does not intend to list the New Notes on any national
securities exchange or to seek the admission thereof to trading in the National
Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System. The Initial
Purchasers have advised the Company that they currently intend to make a market
in the New Notes but that they are not obligated to do so and any such market
making may be discontinued at any time. There can be no assurance as to the
development of any market or the liquidity of any market that may develop for
the New Notes. If an active public market does not develop, the market, price
and liquidity of the New Notes may be adversely affected. Future trading prices
of the New Notes will depend on prevailing interest rates, the market for
similar securities and other factors, including general economic conditions and
the financial condition and performance of the Company. Holders of the New Notes
should be aware that they may be required to bear the financial risks of their
investment for an indefinite period of time. See "Description of the Notes."
13
<PAGE> 16
THE TRANSACTIONS
The Existing Notes were issued on November 6, 1996 concurrently with the
consummation of the Recapitalization of IKS Holdings. Prior to the
Recapitalization, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of IKS
Holdings was held by members of the Klingelnberg family and the Company's issued
and outstanding capital stock was held approximately 97% by IKS Holdings and
approximately 3% by the Existing Management Investors.
The Recapitalization was effected pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of
Recapitalization dated September 17, 1996 (the "Recapitalization Agreement")
among IKS Holdings, the stockholders of IKS Holdings, the Existing Management
Investors and CVC, and involved the following transactions: (i) the Existing
Management Investors exchanged their holdings of capital stock issued by the
Company for capital stock of IKS Holdings, and the Company became a wholly owned
subsidiary of IKS Holdings; (ii) IKS Holdings amended its charter to change its
corporate name to "IKS Corporation" and to authorize three classes of capital
stock, consisting of Holdings Preferred Stock, Holdings Class A Stock and
Holdings Class B Stock; (iii) the issued and outstanding capital stock of IKS
Holdings was exchanged for the Recapitalization Distribution which, subject to
adjustment as described below, consisted of (a) approximately $86.6 million in
cash and (b) Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Class A
Stock with an aggregate value of approximately $9.4 million issued to Arndt
Klingelnberg, Diether Klingelnberg and John E. Halloran (the "Rollover
Investment"); (iv) John E. Halloran, Thomas Meyer and the New Management
Investors purchased Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings
Class A Stock from IKS Holdings for approximately $1.3 million in cash; and (v)
CVC purchased Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Common
Stock from IKS Holdings for $14.3 million in cash. The aggregate investment of
$15.6 million made in IKS Holdings by John E. Halloran, Thomas Meyer, the New
Management Investors and CVC in connection with the Recapitalization is referred
to herein as the "Recapitalization Investment."
The gross proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Existing Notes,
together with the Recapitalization Investment, were used to (i) finance the cash
portion of the Recapitalization Distribution (approximately $86.6 million), (ii)
repay approximately $11.4 million of outstanding indebtedness and (iii) pay
approximately $5.0 million of fees and expenses related to the Transactions.
As a result of the Recapitalization, the Holdings Debentures, Holdings
Preferred Stock and Holdings Common Stock is held as follows: (i) CVC holds
approximately $2.8 million of the Holdings Debentures, 91.0% of the Holdings
Preferred Stock, 49.0% of the Holdings Class A Stock and 100% of the Holdings
Class B Stock; (ii) Arndt and Diether Klingelnberg hold an aggregate of
approximately $8.2 million of the Holdings Debentures and 40.4% of the Holdings
Class A Stock; and (iii) John E. Halloran, Thomas Meyer and the other Management
Investors hold an aggregate of approximately $1.1 million of the Holdings
Debentures, 9.0% of the Holdings Preferred Stock and 10.6% of the Holdings Class
A Stock. No stock options had been granted by the Company or IKS Holdings prior
to the consummation of the Transactions. Certain members of management of the
Company are expected to participate in an Employee Stock Purchase Plan pursuant
to which management will be offered the opportunity to acquire Holdings Class A
Stock which would equal in the aggregate up to an additional 10.0% of the
Holdings Class A Stock outstanding. See "Stock Ownership" and "Description of
Certain Indebtedness -- Holdings Debentures."
In connection with the Recapitalization, the Company entered into the
Senior Credit Facility and a German subsidiary of the Company entered into the
New German Credit Facility. For information regarding the Senior Credit Facility
and the indebtedness of such subsidiary, see "Description of Certain
Indebtedness -- Senior Credit Facility" and "-- Subsidiary Indebtedness."
The Recapitalization Agreement provides that the aggregate value of the
Recapitalization Distribution was to equal $110.0 million less the Consolidated
Net Debt (as defined in the Recapitalization Agreement) of IKS Holdings. Based
on an estimate that IKS Holdings had
14
<PAGE> 17
approximately $14.0 million of Consolidated Net Debt immediately prior to the
Recapitalization, the Recapitalization Distribution consisted of an aggregate of
approximately $86.6 million in cash, $8.6 million of Holdings Debentures,
Holdings Preferred Stock having a value of approximately $441,000 and Holdings
Class A Stock having a value of approximately $377,000. In the event that IKS
Holdings' actual Consolidated Net Debt as of the opening of business on the
closing date of the Recapitalization is determined to be less than or greater
than $14.0 million, the Recapitalization Distribution will be adjusted upwards
or downwards, as appropriate, on a dollar-for-dollar basis. A portion of the
Recapitalization Distribution consisting of approximately $4.9 million in cash
and securities with an aggregate value of approximately $52,000 consisting of
Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Class A Stock was deposited in escrow to
secure the payment of any amounts which may be owed to IKS Holdings as a result
of any post-closing adjustment to the Recapitalization Distribution as well as
certain indemnification obligations under the Recapitalization Agreement.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The Company will not receive any proceeds from the Exchange Offer. The
gross proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Existing Notes, together with
the Recapitalization Investment, were used to finance the cash portion of the
Recapitalization Distribution, repay certain indebtedness of the Company and pay
certain fees and expenses related to the Transactions.
The following table illustrates the sources and uses of funds utilized to
consummate the Transactions. In connection with the Recapitalization, Arndt
Klingelnberg, Diether Klingelnberg and John E. Halloran elected to receive
Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Class A Stock valued
at approximately $9.4 million as part of the Recapitalization Distribution.
Therefore, the following table includes such Rollover Investment as both a
source and a use.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMOUNT
(DOLLARS
IN
THOUSANDS)
<S> <C>
SOURCES OF FUNDS:
11 3/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006.................. $ 90,000
Recapitalization Investment by CVC(1)....................... 14,300
Rollover Investment by the Klingelnbergs(2)................. 8,500
Recapitalization Investment by Management(1)................ 1,300
Rollover Investment by Management(2)........................ 900
---------
Total Sources..................................... $ 115,000
=========
USES OF FUNDS:
Cash portion of Recapitalization Distribution(3)............ $ 86,600
Repayment of certain indebtedness(4)........................ 11,400
Rollover Investment(2)...................................... 9,400
Transaction fees and expenses............................... 5,000
Working capital............................................. 2,600
---------
Total Uses........................................ $ 115,000
=========
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) The Recapitalization Investment consisted of Holdings Debentures, Holdings
Preferred Stock and Holdings Common Stock having an aggregate value of $15.6
million issued by IKS Holdings in connection with the Recapitalization, See
"The Transactions," "Stock Ownership" and "Description of Certain
Indebtedness -- Holdings Debentures."
(2) The Rollover Investment consisted of Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred
Stock and Holdings Class A Stock having an aggregate value of $9.4 million
issued by IKS Holdings to Arndt Klingelnberg, Diether Klingelnberg and John
E. Halloran as part of the Recapitalization
(footnotes continued on following page)
15
<PAGE> 18
Distribution. See "The Transactions," "Stock Ownership" and "Description of
Certain Indebtedness -- Holdings Debentures."
(3) Approximately $11.0 million was distributed as repayment of indebtedness
owed to IKS Holdings and the balance was distributed in the form of a
dividend.
(4) The indebtedness repaid consisted of a term loan which was to mature on July
17, 1997 and which bore interest at 6.9% and certain notes payable with
maturities through 2003 bearing interest at rates of 3.0% to 7.75%.
Following the repayment of such indebtedness, the Company had approximately
$9.1 million of indebtedness outstanding (including China joint venture
indebtedness of approximately $3.6 million, which is non-recourse to the
Company).
16
<PAGE> 19
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth the consolidated capitalization of the
Company at September 30, 1996 after giving effect to the Transactions. This
table should be read in conjunction with the Company's historical consolidated
financial statements and "Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information," and the
respective notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Prospectus.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
----------------------
PRO
ACTUAL FORMA
------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C>
Long-term debt (including current portion)(1):
Term loan................................................. $ 5,000 $ --
Notes payable(2).......................................... 12,803 5,492
Joint venture indebtedness................................ 3,801 3,801
New German Credit Facility(3)............................. -- --
Senior Credit Facility(4)................................. -- --
11 3/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006................ -- 90,000
------- --------
Total long-term debt.............................. 21,604 99,293
Minority interest........................................... 2,178 2,178
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock.............................................. 5 5
Additional paid in capital................................ 8,125 10,125
Retained earnings......................................... 36,204 (24,822)
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment........ 890 890
Treasury stock............................................ (3,432) (3,432)
------- --------
Total stockholders' equity........................ 41,792 (17,234)
------- --------
Total capitalization.............................. $65,574 $ 84,237
======= ========
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Debt includes China joint venture indebtedness of $3,801, which is
non-recourse to the Company.
(2) Notes payable under the existing credit facilities in Deutsche Marks with
maturities through 2003 and bearing interest at rates of 3.0% to 7.75%.
(3) Borrowings of up to $5.0 million under the New German Credit Facility are
available to the Company's German subsidiary for working capital and general
corporate purposes at alternative rates, at the option of the Company's
German subsidiary, including Euro-LIBOR plus 0.5% (currently approximately
3.6%). The Company did not draw upon the New German Credit Facility in
connection with the Transactions. See "Description of Certain
Indebtedness -- Subsidiary Indebtedness."
(4) Borrowings of up to $20.0 million under the Senior Credit Facility are
available to the Company for working capital and general corporate purposes
at LIBOR plus 1.25% (currently approximately 6.7%). The Company did not draw
upon the Senior Credit Facility in connection with the Transactions. See
"Description of Certain Indebtedness -- Senior Credit Facility."
17
<PAGE> 20
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information (the
"Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information") has been derived by the application
of pro forma adjustments to the Company's consolidated historical financial
statements included elsewhere herein. The Unaudited Pro Forma Financial
Information gives effect to the Transactions (as such term is defined under
"Summary -- The Transactions" on page 3) as if such events and transactions had
occurred on September 30, 1996 for purposes of the unaudited pro forma
consolidated balance sheet and gives effect to the Transactions and the Realty
Acquisition (as such term is defined under "Summary -- The Transactions" on page
3) as if such events and transactions had occurred on January 1, 1995 for
purposes of the unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations. The
pro forma adjustments are described in the accompanying notes and are based upon
available information and certain assumptions that management believes are
reasonable. The Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information is presented for
informational purposes only and does not purport to represent what the Company's
financial position or results of operations would actually have been if the
aforementioned events or transactions had occurred on the dates specified or to
project the Company's financial position or results of operations at any future
date or for any future periods. The Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information
should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated historical
financial statements, and the notes thereto, included elsewhere herein.
The pro forma adjustments were applied to the respective historical
financial statements to reflect and account for the Recapitalization as a
recapitalization. Accordingly, the historical basis of the Company's assets and
liabilities have not been affected by the Recapitalization.
18
<PAGE> 21
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
------------------------------------------
HISTORICAL PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
IKS ADJUSTMENTS IKS
---------- ----------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents...................................................... $ 6,544 $ 521(a) $ 7,065
Accounts receivable, net....................................................... 20,647 -- 20,647
Other receivables.............................................................. 906 -- 906
Inventories.................................................................... 30,554 -- 30,554
Prepaid expenses, deferred taxes and sundry.................................... 1,854 500(b) 2,354
------- ------- --------
Total current assets....................................................... 60,505 1,021 61,526
Other assets................................................................... 4,008 6,500(b) 10,508
Property, plant and equipment
Cost......................................................................... 54,467 -- 54,467
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization............................... 25,569 -- 25,569
------- ------- --------
Property, plant and equipment, net............................................. 28,898 -- 28,898
------- ------- --------
Total assets.......................................................... $ 93,411 $ 7,521 $100,932
======= ======= ========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Notes payable.................................................................. $ 8,935 (7,311)(c) $ 1,624
Current portion of long-term debt.............................................. 5,588 (5,000)(c) 588
Accounts and drafts payable.................................................... 6,552 -- 6,552
Accrued and sundry liabilities................................................. 6,474 -- 6,474
Due to parent.................................................................. 11,142 (11,142)(d) --
------- ------- --------
Total current liabilities.................................................. 38,691 (23,453) 15,238
Long-term debt, less current portion........................................... 3,280 90,000(e) 93,280
Joint venture indebtedness..................................................... 3,801 -- 3,801
Deferred taxes................................................................. 1,842 -- 1,842
Other liabilities.............................................................. 1,827 -- 1,827
Minority interest.............................................................. 2,178 -- 2,178
------- ------- --------
Total liabilities.......................................................... 51,619 66,547 118,166
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock................................................................. 5 -- 5
Additional paid in capital................................................... 8,125 2,000(g) 10,125
Retained earnings............................................................ 36,204 (61,026)(f) (24,822)
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment........................... 890 -- 890
Treasury stock............................................................... (3,432) -- (3,432)
------- ------- --------
Total shareholders' equity................................................. 41,792 (59,026) (17,234)
------- ------- --------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity............................ $ 93,411 $ 7,521 $100,932
======= ======= ========
</TABLE>
- ---------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
(a) Adjustments to cash include:
(i) Adjustment to record the issuance of the Notes............................................... $ 90,000
(ii) Adjustment to record the cash distributed to the parent company in connection with the
Recapitalization ............................................................................ (61,026)
(iii) Adjustment to record the payment of "Due to parent" using proceeds from the issuance
of the Notes................................................................................. (11,142)
(iv) Adjustment to record the retirement of debt using proceeds from the issuance of the Notes.... (12,311)
(v) Transaction fees and expenses, including underwriter discounts............................... (5,000)
--------
$ 521
========
(b) Adjustment to other assets include:
Adjustment to record debt issuance costs related to the Notes................................ $ 4,500
Adjustment to record goodwill pushed down from IKS Holdings.................................. 2,000
--------
$ 6,500
========
(c) Adjustment to record the retirement of the current portion of long-term debt using proceeds from the issuance of
the Notes.
(d) Adjustment to record the repayment of indebtedness owed to IKS Holdings in connection with the Recapitalization.
(e) Adjustments to long-term debt to record the issuance of the Notes.
(f) Adjustment to record the cash distributed to IKS Holdings in connection with the Recapitalization.
(g) Adjustment to record goodwill pushed down from IKS Holdings.
</TABLE>
19
<PAGE> 22
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
IKS ADJUSTMENTS IKS
---------- ----------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales.............................................. $ 107,030 $-- $ 107,030
Cost of sales.......................................... 76,057 (197)(a) 75,860
-------- ------- --------
Gross profit......................................... 30,973 197 31,170
Selling, general and administrative expenses........... 20,363 (541)(b) 19,822
Other.................................................. 589 80(g) 669
-------- ------- --------
Operating income....................................... 10,021 658 10,679
Other expenses (income):
Interest income...................................... (411) 23(c) (388)
Interest expense..................................... 1,827 9,119(d) 10,946
Sundry, net.......................................... (249) 46(e) (203)
Minority interest.................................... -- -- --
-------- ------- --------
1,167 9,188 10,355
Income before income taxes............................. 8,854 (8,530) 324
Provision (benefit) for income taxes................... 3,606 (3,156)(f) 450
-------- ------- --------
Net income (loss)...................................... $ 5,248 $(5,374) $ (126)
======== ======= ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of
Operations.
20
<PAGE> 23
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
NINE MONTH PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1995
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
IKS ADJUSTMENTS IKS
---------- -------------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales............................................ $ 79,238 $ -- $79,238
Cost of sales........................................ 56,047 (141)(a) 55,906
------- ------- -------
Gross profit....................................... 23,191 141 23,332
Selling, general and administrative expenses......... 16,411 (412)(b) 15,999
Other................................................ 72 60(g) 132
------- ------- -------
Operating income..................................... 6,708 493 7,201
Other expense (income):
Interest income.................................... (219) 17(c) (202)
Interest expense................................... 1,378 6,950(d) 8,328
Sundry, net........................................ (543) 34(e) (509)
Minority interest.................................. -- -- --
------- ------- -------
616 7,001 7,617
Income before income taxes........................... 6,092 (6,508) (416)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes................. 2,615 (2,408)(f) 207
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss).................................... $ 3,477 $ (4,100) $ (623)
======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
NINE MONTH PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
IKS ADJUSTMENTS IKS
---------- -------------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales............................................ $ 89,256 $ -- $89,256
Cost of sales........................................ 62,748 (105)(a) 62,643
------- ------- -------
Gross profit....................................... 26,508 105 26,613
Selling, general and administrative expenses......... 17,607 (202)(b) 17,405
Other................................................ -- 60(g) 60
------- ------- -------
Operating income..................................... 8,901 247 9,148
Other expense (income):
Interest income.................................... (242) 17(c) (225)
Interest expense................................... 1,907 6,702(d) 8,609
Sundry, net........................................ 225 23(e) 248
Minority interest.................................. (191) -- (191)
------- ------- -------
1,699 6,742 8,441
Income before income taxes........................... 7,202 (6,495) 707
Provision (benefit) for income taxes................. 2,350 (2,026) (f) 324
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss).................................... $ 4,852 $ (4,469) $ 383
======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of
Operations.
21
<PAGE> 24
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH PERIOD
ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
YEAR ENDED ----------------------
DECEMBER 31, 1995 1995 1996
----------------- ------ -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
(a) Adjustments to cost of sales include:
(i) Elimination of executive salaries and
expenses not replaced................... $ 36 $ 27 $ 27
(ii) Elimination of interest and
amortization in connection with the
Realty Acquisition, net of increased
depreciation expense................... 161 114 78
---- ---- ----
$ 197 $ 141 $ 105
==== ==== ====
(b) Adjustments to selling, general, and
administrative expenses include:
(i) Elimination of executive salaries and
expenses not replaced................... $ 501 $ 384 $ 183
(ii) Elimination of amortization in
connection with the Realty Acquisition,
net of increased depreciation
expense................................ 40 28 19
---- ---- ----
$ 541 $ 412 $ 202
==== ==== ====
</TABLE>
(c) Adjustment to reduce interest income for the year on cash used as
consideration for the Realty Acquisition and to reflect interest income on
cash balances.
(d) Adjustments to interest expense include:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH PERIOD
ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
YEAR ENDED ----------------------
DECEMBER 31, 1995 1995 1996
----------------- ------ -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
(i) Interest expense on the Notes at
11 3/8%................................. $10,238 $7,678 $ 7,678
(ii) Estimated amortization of debt issuance
costs of the Notes..................... 500 375 375
(iii) Estimated reduction of interest expense
on debt retired with proceeds from
issuance of the Notes.................. (1,168) (787) (1,166)
(iv) Elimination of interest in connection
with the Realty Acquisition............. (451) (316) (185)
----------------- ------ -------
$ 9,119 $6,950 $ 6,702
=============== ====== ========
</TABLE>
(e) Adjustment to eliminate amortization in connection with the Realty
Acquisition.
(f) Adjustment to decrease the provision for income taxes as a result of the
above adjustments (a) through (e) at an effective U.S. income tax rate of
37.0% for the year ended December 31, 1995 and for the nine month period
ended September 30, 1995, and 31.2% for the nine month period ended
September 30, 1996.
(g) Adjustment to record amortization on goodwill pushed down from IKS Holdings.
22
<PAGE> 25
SELECTED HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA
The following table contains selected historical financial data of the
Company as of and for each of the five years in the period ended December 31,
1995 and as of and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996
and selected pro forma financial data of the Company for the year ended December
31, 1995 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996. The
selected historical financial data as of and for each of the two years in the
period ended December 31, 1992 were derived from the audited consolidated
financial statements of the Company. The selected historical financial data as
of and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995 were
derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company
included elsewhere in this Prospectus. The selected historical financial data as
of September 30, 1995 and 1996 and for the nine month periods ended September
30, 1995 and 1996 were derived from the unaudited consolidated financial
statements of the Company included elsewhere in this Prospectus. In the opinion
of management, such unaudited consolidated financial statements include all
adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition and
results of operations of the Company for such periods. The selected pro forma
financial data for the year ended December 31, 1995, the nine month period ended
September 30, 1995 and the nine month period ended September 30, 1996 were
derived from the "Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information"
included elsewhere in this Prospectus. The information contained in this table
should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations", "Unaudited Pro Forma
Consolidated Financial Information" and the Company's historical consolidated
financial statements, including the notes thereto, included elsewhere in this
Prospectus.
23
<PAGE> 26
SELECTED HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------
PRO PRO PRO
FORMA FORMA FORMA
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1995 1995 1996 1995 1996
------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- -------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING DATA:
Net sales............. $78,318 $81,973 $ 84,964 $92,447 $107,030 $107,030 $79,238 $89,256 $79,238 $89,256
Cost of sales......... 55,955 57,554 60,391 62,273 76,057 75,860 56,047 62,748 55,906 62,643
------- ------- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Gross profit........ 22,363 24,419 24,573 30,174 30,973 31,170 23,191 26,508 23,332 26,613
Selling, general and
administrative
expenses............ 16,409 17,835 17,005 18,490 20,363 19,822 16,411 17,607 15,999 17,405
Other................. -- -- 342 571 589 669 72 -- 132 60
------- ------- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Operating income.... 5,954 6,584 7,226 11,113 10,021 10,679 6,708 8,901 7,201 9,148
Interest expense,
net................. 1,790 1,852 1,904 1,727 1,416 10,558 1,159 1,665 8,126 8,384
Other expense
(income), net....... (89) (1,887) 177 541 (249) (203) (543) 34 (509) 57
------- ------- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Income (loss) before
income taxes........ 4,253 6,619 5,145 8,845 8,854 324 6,092 7,202 (416) 707
Provision for income
taxes............... 1,459 2,445 1,951 3,663 3,606 450 2,615 2,350 207 324
------- ------- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Net income (loss)..... $ 2,794 $ 4,174 $ 3,194 $ 5,182 $ 5,248 $ (126) $ 3,477 $ 4,852 $ (623) $ 383
======= ======= ======== ======== ========= ======== ======== ======== ======= =======
OTHER DATA:
Ratio of earnings to
fixed charges(1).... 3.1x 4.1x 3.3x 5.5x 5.6x 1.1x 5.2x 4.5x 1.0x 1.1x
EBITDA(2)............. $ 9,523 $10,030 $ 9,735 $13,920 $ 14,222 $ 14,759 $ 9,872 $12,573 $10,283 $12,783
Net cash provided by
operating
activities.......... 7,146 3,292 6,784 6,873 2,988 436 4,183
Net cash used in
investing
activities.......... (14,512) (2,857) (13,264) (2,251) (3,783) (367) (7,222)
Net cash provided by
financing
activities.......... 6,261 (207) 4,640 764 4,494 2,287 (690)
Depreciation and
amortization(3)..... 3,346 3,297 2,813 3,359 3,570 3,449 2,445 3,007 2,363 2,970
Capital
expenditures(4)..... 3,143 2,943 9,112 3,383 4,663 4,663 2,781 7,312 2,781 7,312
Gross margin.......... 28.6% 29.8% 28.9% 32.6% 28.9% 29.1% 29.3% 29.7% 29.4% 29.8%
EBITDA margin......... 12.2% 12.2% 11.5% 15.1% 13.3% 13.8% 12.5% 14.1% 13.0% 14.3%
Ratio of EBITDA
to interest
expense(5).......... 4.9x 5.0x 4.5x 7.3x 7.8x 1.3x 7.2x 6.6x 1.2x 1.5x
Ratio of net debt to
EBITDA(6)........... 1.5x 1.3x 1.9x 0.8x 0.9x 6.1x 1.0x 0.9x 6.6x 5.4x
EBITDA including
LIFO charges and
credits............. $ 9,300 $ 9,881 $ 10,039 $14,472 $ 13,591 $ 14,128 $ 9,153 $11,908 $ 9,564 $12,118
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT SEPTEMBER 30,
AT DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------- -----------------
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1995 1996
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital................................... $ 8,976 $19,215 $16,268 $30,687 $32,564 $32,749 $19,827
Total assets...................................... 58,311 64,583 71,194 72,641 85,697 83,002 93,411
Debt(7)........................................... 16,881 16,025 19,474 17,055 23,716 22,328 21,604
Shareholders' equity.............................. 21,873 25,103 28,062 34,734 38,029 37,517 41,792
</TABLE>
(footnotes on following page)
24
<PAGE> 27
- ---------------
(1) For purposes of the computation, the ratio of earnings to fixed charges has
been calculated by dividing (i) earnings before income taxes and fixed
charges by (ii) fixed charges. Fixed charges are equal to interest expense
plus one-third of rental expense (the portion deemed representative of the
interest factor).
(2) EBITDA is defined as operating income plus depreciation and amortization
adjusted to exclude LIFO charges (credits) of $223, $149, ($304), ($552),
and $631 for the years ended December 31, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1995,
respectively, and $719 and $665 for the nine month periods ended September
30, 1995 and 1996, respectively. EBITDA has not been adjusted to exclude
other unusual and one time expenses incurred by the Company, as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH PERIOD
YEAR ENDED ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------- -------------------
1993 1994 1995 1995 1996
---- ---- ---- -------- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Asia start-up costs......................... $ -- $225 $419 $ 72 $ --
European facility relocation costs.......... 342 246 -- -- --
European sales agency termination costs..... -- 100 -- -- --
Indonesia management reorganization......... -- -- 110 -- --
Environmental costs......................... -- -- 60 -- --
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
$342 $571 $589 $ 72 $ --
==== ==== ==== ==== ====
</TABLE>
EBITDA, adjusted to exclude these expenses, would have been $10,077, $14,491
and $14,811 for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995,
respectively, and $9,944 and $12,573 for the nine month periods ended
September 30, 1995 and 1996, respectively. EBITDA is a widely accepted
financial indicator of a company's ability to service debt. However, EBITDA
should not be construed as an alternative to operating income, net income or
cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles) and should not be construed as an
indication of the Company's operating performance or as a measure of
liquidity. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations." The EBITDA measure presented by the Company may
not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
(3) Depreciation and amortization as presented will not agree to the
consolidated statement of cash flows because of amortization reported below
the operating income line. Pro forma depreciation and amortization consists
of depreciation and amortization as described in the preceding sentence as
adjusted to reflect the elimination of the related party capital leases in
connection with the Realty Acquisition.
(4) 1993 includes $4,336 of capital expenditures related to the relocation of
the Company's German manufacturing facilities. The nine month period ended
September 30, 1996 includes $1,205 of capital expenditures related to the
consolidation of the Company's west coast operations and the expansion of
the Cincinnati facility, $1,801 of capital expenditures related to the
expansion of the China joint venture operations, and $5,581 related to the
Realty Acquisition.
(5) For purposes of the computation of the pro forma 1995 and 1996 information,
amortization of debt issuance costs of $500 for the year ended December 31,
1995 and $375 for the nine months ended September 30, 1995 and 1996 have
been excluded from interest expense.
(6) For purposes of the computation, net debt is equal to notes payable plus
total long-term debt (including the current portion and China joint venture
indebtedness of $3,801 as of September 30, 1996 which is non-recourse to the
Company but excluding capital lease obligations) less cash and cash
equivalents, and EBITDA for all interim periods presented has been
annualized.
(7) Debt includes notes payable and current portion of long-term debt and
excludes capital lease obligations. China joint venture indebtedness of
$3,801 which is non-recourse to the Company is included at September 30,
1996.
25
<PAGE> 28
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and the other financial
information included in this Prospectus.
GENERAL
The Company is a global leader in the manufacturing, servicing and
marketing of industrial and commercial machine knives and saws. Together with
its predecessor, the Company has been manufacturing knives and saws for nearly
100 years, beginning in Europe and expanding its presence to the United States
in the 1960s. The Company operates on an international basis with facilities in
North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America and products sold in over 75
countries. The Company offers a broad range of products, used for various
applications in numerous markets.
The Company's sales are principally in North America, which represented 73%
of its 1995 net sales. The Company's North American operations have been
profitable since its existence. Factors that have contributed to the North
American profitability include its significant sales in all four market sectors
supported by strong resharpening service center activities, regular introduction
of new products, continued upgrading of cutting tool technology, an ability to
control production costs, diversified sales network and a broad product
offering.
The Company's European operations accounted for 26% of 1995 net sales.
During the first nine months of 1996, the Company's European operations
generated operating income of $949,000, compared to an operating loss of
$642,000 during the same period of 1995. The significant improvement was due to
the Company beginning to benefit from the restructuring of its European
operations to reduce operating costs and redirect its sales efforts in order to
improve its competitive position. The restructuring occurred between 1993 and
1995 and included the hiring of a new European Managing Director, relocating the
Company's two German manufacturing facilities to improve operating efficiencies,
coordinating raw material purchases with North America, restructuring its
salesforce to focus on product sectors and expanding its finished goods supplier
network. The restructuring of the European operations resulted in expenses of
$342,000 and $346,000 in 1993 and 1994, respectively. An increase in raw
material prices in 1995 adversely affected European gross margin for that year.
The remaining 1% of the Company's 1995 net sales are spread throughout
other foreign markets worldwide. Historically, the Company had focused its sales
efforts in North America and Europe, only recently establishing itself in other
areas of the world and has increased sales in these other markets in the first
nine months of 1996 to 6.8% of net sales. During 1994 and 1995, the Company
entered into joint ventures to establish itself in emerging markets. These
ventures, including the China joint ventures, incurred start-up expenses of
$225,000 and $529,000 in 1994 and 1995, respectively, and the Company believes
that no significant start-up expenses remain for these ventures. Its 51% owned
China joint ventures began operating in December of 1995 and contributed $4.4
million to the Company's net sales for the first nine months of 1996.
The Company's operating results are subject to fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates as well as the currency translation of its foreign
operations into U.S. dollars. The Company manufactures products in the U.S.,
Germany, Canada and China and exports products to more than 75 countries. The
Company's foreign sales, the majority of which occur in European countries, are
subject to exchange rate volatility. In addition, the Company consolidates
German, Canadian and China operations and changes in exchange rates relative to
the U.S. dollar have impacted financial results. As a result, a decline in the
value of the dollar relative to these other currencies can have a favorable
effect on the profitability of the Company and an increase in the value of the
dollar relative to these other currencies can have a negative effect on the
profitability of the Company. The Company has not historically hedged its
foreign currency risk.
26
<PAGE> 29
In 1995, the entire knife industry experienced a highly unusual and
unexpected increase in raw material costs, which contributed to the Company's
gross margin decline from 1994 levels. This raw material price increase was due
to a reduction in tool steel production as a major German steel mill closed
operations and a Latin American and European supplier consolidated.
Additionally, as IKS sells primarily to end-users which require prompt and
timely delivery, the Company was forced to purchase expensive substitutes. Due
to the sudden nature of the price increase, the Company was not able to pass
along this increase to its customers on a timely basis. The Company is taking
measures to prevent such a reoccurrence including negotiating a 90-day fixed
price term into most of its sales contracts as opposed to the previous one-year
term, increasing prices on a more regular basis and expanding the number of its
steel suppliers.
Prior to the consummation of the Transactions, the Company was a
family-owned business and incurred Private Company Expenses. These Private
Company Expenses included executive overlaps and premium salaries and expenses.
Private Company Expenses totaled $243,000, $447,000, $537,000, $411,000 and
$210,000 during the three years ended December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995 and the
nine month periods ended September 30, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Private
Company Expenses have been eliminated in connection with the consummation of the
Transactions.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth the items in the Company's consolidated
statements of income as percentages of its net sales for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTHS
ENDED SEPTEMBER
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 30,
---------------------------- -----------------
1993 1994 1995 1995 1996
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales.......................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of sales...................... (71.1)% (67.4)% (71.1)% 70.7% 70.3%
----- ---- - ---- - ---- - ---- -
Gross margin............. 28.9% 32.6% 28.9% 29.3% 29.7%
Selling, general and administrative
expenses......................... (20.0)% (20.0)% (19.0)% (20.8)% 19.7%
Other.............................. (0.4)% (0.6)% (0.6)% -- --
----- ---- - ---- - ---- - ---- -
Operating income......... 8.5% 12.0% 9.4% 8.5% 10.0%
Interest expense, net.............. 2.2% 1.9% 1.3% 1.5% 1.9%
Other expense (income), net........ 0.2% 0.6% (0.2)% (0.7)% --
----- ---- - ---- - ---- - ---- -
Income before income
taxes.................. 6.1% 9.6% 8.3% 7.7% 8.1%
Provision for income taxes......... (2.3)% (4.0)% (3.4)% (3.3)% (2.7)%
----- ---- - ---- - ---- - ---- -
Net income............... 3.8% 5.6% 4.9% 4.4% 5.4%
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
As used in the following discussion of the Company's results of operations,
(i) the term "gross profit" means the dollar difference between the Company's
net sales and cost of sales and (ii) the term "gross margin" means the Company's
gross profit divided by its net sales.
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,1996 COMPARED TO NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
1995
Net Sales: Net sales increased 12.6% to $89.3 million for the first nine
months of 1996 from $79.2 million for the same period in 1995, as the Company
experienced sales improvements in all three of its major geographical marketing
areas. Net sales for North America grew 6.7% to $62.4 million during the first
nine month period of 1996 from $58.5 million in the comparable 1995 period. The
growth in North America is due to the addition of new products, the increase in
product sales by its service centers and the acquisition of a service center in
July, 1995. Net sales for Europe grew 5.2% to $20.8 million from $19.7 million
primarily due to improvements in the German economy and
27
<PAGE> 30
the implementation of many of the Company's North American programs in Europe.
Net sales in the Company's other foreign markets increased to $6.1 million from
$1.0 million as the majority of these operations were not in operation during
the first nine months of 1995. Contributing significantly were the Company's new
China joint ventures, which had net sales of $4.3 million for the nine month
period ended September 30, 1996.
Gross Profit: Gross profit increased to $26.5 million for the first nine
months of 1996, up from $23.2 million for the same period of 1995. Gross margin
increased slightly to 29.7% in the first nine months of 1996 compared to 29.3%
for the comparable 1995 period. Gross profit in North America increased to $19.5
million from $18.5 million, although gross margin declined to 31.3% from 31.7%.
The gross margin decline was a result of the increase in raw material pricing in
the second half of 1995 which continued to affect the Company in the first nine
months of 1996. A substantial portion of the raw material price increase has
since been passed on to the Company's customers. In addition, gross margin was
affected by the incurrence of costs for new products to be introduced in the
second half of 1996. Gross profit in Europe increased to $5.7 million, up from
$4.5 million, and gross margin increased to 27.2% up from 22.8%. The improvement
in gross margin was due to new sourcing arrangements at attractive margins.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: Selling, general and
administrative ("SG&A") expenses were $17.6 million for the first nine months of
1996 as compared to $16.5 million in the comparable 1995 period and decreased to
19.7% of sales from 20.8% of sales in the comparable 1995 period, primarily as a
result of partially consolidating certain administrative functions and an
overall increase in sales without adding additional sales expense.
Operating Income: Operating income increased 32.7% to $8.9 million in the
first nine months of 1996 from $6.7 million for the same period of 1995.
Operating income as a percentage of net sales increased to 10.0% during the
first half of 1996 up from 8.5% for the comparable 1995 period. Operating income
in North America increased 6.7% to $8.1 million from $7.6 million. This was a
result of the increase in net sales being offset by the increase in raw material
costs, which have since been substantially passed on to the Company's customers,
and the cost of three new product lines to be introduced in the second half of
1996. Operating income in Europe increased to $870,000 from a loss of $642,000
due to the Company beginning to benefit from the restructuring of its European
operations.
Interest Expense, net: Net interest expense increased to $1.7 million for
the first nine months of 1996 from $1.2 million for the same period of 1995 due
to an increase in borrowings primarily related to the Company's investment in
the China joint ventures as well as the borrowings of the China joint ventures
which is non-recourse to the Company. A slight rise in interest rates also
contributed to the increased interest expense.
Income Taxes: Although pre-tax income was up in the first nine months of
1996, the provision for income taxes decreased to $2.4 million down from $2.6
million for the same period of 1995. The Company's effective tax rate decreased
to 32.6% for the first nine months of 1996 from 42.9% for the 1995 period. The
Company's 1996 effective tax rate was favorably affected by increased profits in
the Company's European operations for which no tax provision was recorded
because of the availability of a net operating loss carry forward.
Net Income: Net income increased to $4.9 million for the first nine months
of 1996 from $3.5 million for the same period of 1995, as a result of the
factors discussed above.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994
Net Sales: Net sales increased 15.8% to $107.0 million in 1995 from $92.4
million in 1994. The increase is attributable to volume increases from all
geographical markets served by the Company. In North America, net sales grew
8.2% to $78.5 million from $72.5 million in 1994, primarily a result of: (i)
continued effects of a new North American sales strategy, implemented in 1994,
organized by
28
<PAGE> 31
geographic teams, (ii) increased prices, (iii) introduction of new products,
including wide band saws, (iv) and an increase in the Company's wood cutting
product lines, driven by service center acquisitions in 1994 and 1995. Net sales
in Europe increased 36.6% to $27.2 million in 1995 from $19.9 million in 1994 as
volume increased and US$/DM exchange rates improved, slightly offset by price
discounting.
Gross Profit: Gross profit increased to $31.0 million in 1995 from $30.2
million in 1994, although gross margin declined to 28.9% in 1995 compared to
32.6% in 1994. Gross margin in North America was 31.6% in 1995, down from 32.9%
in 1994 with the decline attributable to the unexpected loss of a finished goods
supplier and a significant increase in the Company's overall raw material costs.
Gross margin was down significantly in Europe to 21.8% in 1995 from 31.7% in
1994. This decline was due to price discounting of certain product lines to
increase market share in Europe, currency differentials negatively affecting
exports from Germany, an increase in labor rates affecting a portion of the
Company's German operations and the increased raw material costs discussed
above.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: SG&A expense as a percentage
of net sales decreased to 19.0% in 1995 down from 20.0% in 1994, largely as a
result of the Company's strategy of controlling SG&A expenses in a period of
sales growth. SG&A expense increased to $20.4 million in 1995 from $18.5 million
in 1994 primarily as a result of the sales increase.
Other Expense: The Company incurred an increase of $304,000 in start-up
costs relating to its Asian operations, primarily relating to the joint ventures
in China and the opening of a sales office in Singapore. Offsetting this
increase was a $346,000 decrease in expenses relating to the restructuring of
the Company's European operations, including the moving of facilities within
Germany and the restructuring of its sales and distribution network, which was
substantially completed by the end of 1994.
Operating Income: Operating income decreased 9.8% to $10.0 million in 1995
from $11.1 million in 1994. Operating income decreased to 9.4% of net sales in
1995 from 12.0% of net sales in 1994 largely due to a drop in the gross margin
as described above. Excluding one-time start-up costs of the Company's Asian
operations and the 1994 restructuring costs of its German operations, the
Company's operating income would have been $10.6 million in 1995 and $11.7
million in 1994 and operating margins would have been 9.9% in 1995 and 12.6% in
1994.
Interest Expense, net: Net interest expense decreased to $1.4 million in
1995 from $1.7 million in 1994 primarily due to higher amounts of interest
bearing funds coupled with higher interest rates on those funds.
Income Taxes: The provision for income taxes was stable at $3.6 million in
1995 and $3.7 million in 1994. The Company's effective tax rate remained
relatively stable at 40.7% of income in 1995 as compared to 41.4% of income in
1994.
Net Income: Net income remained stable at $5.2 million in 1995, as a
result of the factors discussed above.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1993
Net Sales: Net sales increased 8.8% to $92.4 million in 1994 from $85.0
million in 1993. Net sales in North America grew 11.9% to $72.5 million in 1994
from $64.8 million in 1993, as a result of a service center acquisition,
continued success in gaining market share of wood, plastic and metal products in
North America and the addition of a large customer in Canada. Net sales in
Europe declined 1.3% to $19.9 million from $20.2 million due to a sluggish
European economy partially offset by price increases.
Gross Profit: Gross profit increased to $30.2 million in 1994 from $24.6
million in 1993. Gross margin was 32.6% in 1994 compared to 28.9% in 1993, up
substantially as a result of the
29
<PAGE> 32
implementation of cost cutting efforts throughout the Company and the increased
sales volume. In North America gross margin improved to 32.9% in 1994, up from
31.8% in 1993 substantially due to the Company implementing a program designed
to reduce operating costs, which included improvements in manufacturing
efficiency. Further improving North American gross margin were price increases
in Canada. In Europe, gross margin increased to 31.7% in 1994 from 19.5% in 1993
due to increasing prices and improved product mix. In addition, 1993 European
gross profit was negatively affected by significant productivity losses during
the relocation of a major facility in connection with the Company's European
restructuring.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: SG&A expenses increased to
$18.5 million in 1994 from $17.0 million in 1993, remaining stable at 20.0% of
net sales. The increase in SG&A is primarily a result of a significant increase
in Private Company Expenses, somewhat offset by the overall sales volume
increase. In North America, SG&A expenses decreased to 18.6% of net sales in
1994 from 19.6% of net sales in 1993, as the Company controlled expenses as
sales grew and consolidated administrative functions of the Canadian operations
which outweighed the increase in Private Company Expenses in North America. In
Europe, SG&A expenses increased to 26.3% of net sales in 1994 from 21.2% of net
sales in 1993 primarily due to an increase in Private Company Expenses.
Excluding Private Company Expenses in 1994, the Company's SG&A expenses were
$18.0 million or 19.5% of net sales in 1994, and remained relatively stable at
19.7% of net sales in 1993.
Other Expense: The Company incurred charges relating to the restructuring
of its European operations in both 1994 and 1993 of $346,000 and $342,000,
respectively. The Company also incurred start-up expenses of approximately
$225,000 in 1994, primarily related to the China joint ventures and expansion in
Asia.
Operating Income: Operating income increased 53.8% to $11.1 million in
1994 from $7.2 million in 1993, and as a percentage of net sales, operating
income increased to 12.0% in 1994 up from 8.5% in 1993. The improvement in
operating income was primarily due to the higher sales volume and gross margin
improvement in North America more than offsetting the higher Private Company
Expenses, as discussed above. Excluding Private Company Expenses in 1994, the
restructuring of its European operations in 1994 and 1993 and the start-up
expenses in Asia in 1994, the Company's operating income would have been $12.1
million or 13.1% of net sales in 1994, up from $7.8 million or 9.2% of net sales
in 1993.
Interest Expense, net: Net interest expense decreased to $1.7 million in
1994 from $1.9 million in 1993 primarily due to reduced borrowings.
Income Taxes: The provision for income taxes was $3.7 million in 1994
compared to $2.0 million in 1993. Income tax expense, as a percentage of income
before taxes, was 41.4% in 1994 and 37.9% in 1993.
Net Income: Net income increased 62.2% to $5.2 million in 1994 as compared
to $3.2 million in 1993, as a result of the factors discussed above.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company's principal capital requirements are to fund working capital
needs, to meet required debt payments, and to complete planned maintenance and
expansion expenditures. The Company anticipates that its operating cash flow,
together with available borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility and the New
German Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet its working capital
requirements, capital expenditure requirements and interest service requirements
on its debt obligations. As of September 30, 1996, on a pro forma basis after
giving effect to the Transactions, the Company's total debt and stockholders'
deficit would have been $95.5 million (excluding China joint venture
indebtedness of approximately $3.8 million, which is non-recourse to the
Company) and $17.2 million, respectively. The Company would also have had
borrowing availability of $25.0
30
<PAGE> 33
million for working capital and capital expenditure requirements under the
Senior Credit Facility and the New German Credit Facility.
Net cash flow from operations aggregated $4.2 million for the nine month
period ended September 30, 1996 as compared to $436,600 for the same period in
the prior year. The increase was primarily attributable to a $1.4 million
increase in net income and a $2.4 million reduction in working capital needs.
Net cash flow from operating activities totaled $3.0 million for the year
ended December 31, 1995 as compared to $6.9 million for the prior year. The
decrease in operating cash flow in 1995 compared to 1994 was primarily
attributable to a $4.6 million increase in working capital needs.
The Company currently expects that its annual capital expenditures will be
approximately $4.0 million to $5.0 million for the foreseeable future, including
maintenance capital expenditures of approximately $2.5 million each year.
However, the Company's capital expenditures will be affected by, and may be
greater than currently anticipated depending upon, the size and nature of new
business opportunities.
Cash used in investing activities for the nine month period ended September
30, 1996 was $7.2 million as compared to $367,000 for the same period in the
prior year. Major investment projects in the first nine months of 1996 included
$5.6 million for the Realty Acquisition, $974,000 for the construction of a
facility in Oregon and $231,000 for the expansion of the Kentucky facility to
accommodate a heat treatment furnace. Cash used in investing activities in the
year ended December 31, 1995 was $3.8 million, compared with $2.3 million in
1994 and $13.3 million in 1993. Investing activities in 1995 included the
acquisition of two service centers. In 1995, cash used in investing activities
was offset by a $2.3 million decrease in notes and other receivables. Major
investment projects for 1993 and 1994 included $4.3 million and $283,000
relating to the acquisition and relocation of facilities in Germany as part of
the Company's European restructuring.
Cash used by financing activities for the nine month period ended September
30, 1996 was $690,000 as compared to $2.3 million cash provided for the same
period in the prior year. The decrease in cash provided by financing activities
primarily represents an increase of $7.9 million in amounts due to parent and
affiliates, which amounts were repaid in connection with the Transactions, and a
decrease in notes payable and long term debt of $10.9 million. The Company paid
dividends of $1.2 million in each of the nine month periods ended September 30,
1995 and 1996.
Cash provided by financing activities for the years ended December 31,
1995, 1994, and 1993 totalled $4.5 million, $764,000 and $4.6 million,
respectively, and consisted primarily of long-term borrowings and amounts due to
parent and affiliates, offset by dividends paid in 1995 of $2.4 million. The
Company's ability to pay dividends is restricted under the terms of the
Indenture following consummation of the Transactions.
Concurrent with the Transactions the Company entered into the $20.0 million
Senior Credit Facility and its German subsidiary entered into the $5.0 million
New German Credit Facility. The Senior Credit Facility bears interest at LIBOR
plus 1.25% (currently approximately 6.7%) and the New German Credit Facility
bears interest at alternative rates, at the option of the Company's German
subsidiary, including Euro-LIBOR plus 0.5% (currently approximately 3.6%). The
Company did not draw upon these facilities in connection with the Transactions.
The Notes impose, and other debt instruments of the Company may impose, various
restrictions and covenants on the Company which could potentially limit the
Company's ability to respond to market conditions, to provide for unanticipated
capital investments or to take advantage of business opportunities.
31
<PAGE> 34
THE EXCHANGE OFFER
TERMS OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER; PERIOD FOR TENDERING EXISTING NOTES
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Prospectus
and in the accompanying Letter of Transmittal (which together constitute the
Exchange Offer), the Company will accept for exchange Existing Notes which are
properly tendered on or prior to the Expiration Date and not withdrawn as
permitted below. As used herein, the term "Expiration Date" means 5:00 p.m., New
York City time, on March 17, 1997; provided, however, that if the Company has
extended the period of time for which the Exchange Offer is open, the term
"Expiration Date" means the latest time and date to which the Exchange Offer is
extended.
As of the date of this Prospectus, $90.0 million aggregate principal amount
of the Existing Notes are outstanding. This Prospectus, together with the Letter
of Transmittal, is first being sent on or about February 18, 1997 to all holders
of Existing Notes known to the Company. The Company's obligation to accept
Existing Notes for exchange pursuant to the Exchange Offer is subject to certain
conditions as set forth under "-- Certain Conditions to the Exchange Offer"
below.
The Company expressly reserves the right, at any time or from time to time,
to extend the period of time during which the Exchange Offer is open, and
thereby delay acceptance for any exchange of any Existing Notes, by giving
notice of such extension to the holders thereof. During any such extension, all
Existing Notes previously tendered will remain subject to the Exchange Offer and
may be accepted for exchange by the Company. Any Existing Notes not accepted for
exchange for any reason will be returned without expense to the tendering holder
thereof as promptly as practicable after the expiration or termination of the
Exchange Offer.
The Company expressly reserves the right to amend or terminate the Exchange
Offer, and not to accept for exchange any Existing Notes not theretofore
accepted for exchange, upon the occurrence of any of the conditions of the
Exchange Offer specified below under "-- Certain Conditions to the Exchange
Offer." The Company will give notice of any extension, amendment, non-acceptance
or termination to the holders of the Existing Notes as promptly as practicable,
such notice in the case of any extension to be issued no later than 9:00 a.m.,
New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled
Expiration Date. If the Exchange Offer is amended in a manner determined by the
Company to constitute a material change, the Company will promptly disclose such
amendment by means of a prospectus supplement that will be distributed to the
registered holders, and the Company will extend the Exchange Offer for a period
of five to ten business days, depending upon the significance of the amendment
and the manner of notice to the registered holders, if the Exchange Offer would
otherwise expire during such five to ten business day period.
Holders of Existing Notes do not have any appraisal or dissenters' rights
under the Delaware General Corporation Law in connection with the Exchange
Offer.
PROCEDURES FOR TENDERING EXISTING NOTES
The tender to the Company of Existing Notes by a holder thereof as set
forth below and the acceptance thereof by the Company will constitute a binding
agreement between the tendering holder and the Company upon the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth in this Prospectus and in the accompanying
Letter of Transmittal. Except as set forth below, a holder who wishes to tender
Existing Notes for exchange pursuant to the Exchange Offer must transmit a
properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal, including all other
documents required by such Letter of Transmittal, to United States Trust Company
of New York at one of the addresses set forth below under "Exchange Agent" on or
prior to the Expiration Date. In addition, either (i) certificates for such
Existing Notes must be received by the Exchange Agent along with the Letter of
Transmittal, or (ii) a timely confirmation of a book-entry transfer (a
"Book-Entry Confirmation") of such Existing Notes, if such procedure is
available, into the Exchange Agent's account at The Depository Trust Company
(the "Book-Entry Transfer Facility") pursuant to the procedure for book-entry
transfer described below, must be received by the Exchange Agent prior to the
32
<PAGE> 35
Expiration Date, or the holder must comply with the guaranteed delivery
procedure described below. THE METHOD OF DELIVERY OF EXISTING NOTES, LETTER OF
TRANSMITTAL AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS IS AT THE ELECTION AND RISK OF THE
HOLDER. IF SUCH DELIVERY IS BY MAIL, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT REGISTERED MAIL,
PROPERLY INSURED, WITH RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED, BE USED. IN ALL CASES,
SUFFICIENT TIME SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO ASSURE TIMELY DELIVERY. NO LETTERS OF
TRANSMITTAL OR EXISTING NOTES SHOULD BE SENT TO THE COMPANY.
Signatures on a Letter of Transmittal or a notice of withdrawal, as the
case may be, must be guaranteed unless the Existing Notes surrendered for
exchange pursuant thereto are tendered (i) by a registered holder of the
Existing Notes who has not completed the box entitled "Special Issuance
Instruction" or "Special Delivery Instruction" on the Letter of Transmittal or
(ii) for the account of an Eligible Institution (as defined below). In the event
that signatures on a Letter of Transmittal or a notice of withdrawal, as the
case may be, are required to be guaranteed, such guarantees must be by a firm
which is a member of a registered national securities exchange or a member of
the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or by a commercial bank or
trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States
(collectively, "Eligible Institutions"). If Existing Notes are registered in the
name of a person other than a signer of the Letter of Transmittal, the Existing
Notes surrendered for exchange must be endorsed by, or be accompanied by a
written instrument or instruments of transfer or exchange, in satisfactory form
as determined by the Company in its sole discretion, duly executed by, the
registered holder with the signature thereon guaranteed by an Eligible
Institution.
All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility (including time of
receipt) and acceptance of Existing Notes tendered for exchange will be
determined by the Company in its sole discretion, which determination shall be
final and binding. The Company reserves the absolute right to reject any and all
tenders of any particular Existing Notes not properly tendered or to not accept
any particular Existing Notes which acceptance might, in the judgment of the
Company or its counsel, be unlawful. The Company also reserves the absolute
right to waive any defects or irregularities or conditions of the Exchange Offer
as to any particular Existing Notes either before or after the Expiration Date
(including the right to waive the ineligibility of any holder who seeks to
tender Existing Notes in the Exchange Offer). The interpretation of the terms
and conditions of the Exchange Offer as to any particular Existing Notes either
before or after the Expiration Date (including the Letter of Transmittal and the
instructions thereto) by the Company shall be final and binding on all parties.
Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders of
Existing Notes for exchange must be cured within such reasonable period of time
as the Company shall determine. Neither the Company, the Exchange Agent nor any
other person shall be under any duty to give notification of any defect or
irregularity with respect to any tender of Existing Notes for exchange, nor
shall any of them incur any liability for failure to give such notification.
If the Letter of Transmittal or any Existing Notes or powers of attorney
are signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact,
officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative
capacity, such persons should so indicate when signing, and, unless waived by
the Company, proper evidence satisfactory to the Company of their authority to
so act must be submitted.
By tendering, each holder of Existing Notes will represent to the Company
that, among other things, the New Notes acquired pursuant to the Exchange Offer
are being obtained in the ordinary course of business of the holder and any
beneficial holder, that neither the holder nor any such beneficial holder has an
arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution
of such New Notes and that neither the holder nor any such other person is an
"affiliate," as defined under Rule 405 of the Securities Act, of the Company. If
the holder is not a broker-dealer, the holder must represent that it is not
engaged in nor does it intend to engage in a distribution of the New Notes.
33
<PAGE> 36
ACCEPTANCE OF EXISTING NOTES FOR EXCHANGE; DELIVERY OF NEW NOTES
For each Existing Note accepted for exchange, the holder of such Existing
Note will receive a New Note having a principal amount equal to that of the
surrendered Existing Note. For purposes of the Exchange Offer, the Company shall
be deemed to have accepted properly tendered Existing Notes for exchange when,
as and if the Company has given oral and written notice thereof to the Exchange
Agent.
In all cases, issuance of New Notes for Existing Notes that are accepted
for exchange pursuant to the Exchange Offer will be made only after timely
receipt by the Exchange Agent of certificates for such Existing Notes or a
timely Book-Entry Confirmation of such Existing Notes into the Exchange Agent's
account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility, a properly completed and duly
executed Letter of Transmittal and all other required documents. If any tendered
Existing Notes are not accepted for any reason set forth in the terms and
conditions of the Exchange Offer or if Existing Notes are submitted for a
greater principal amount than the holder desires to exchange, such unaccepted or
non-exchanged Existing Notes will be returned without expense to the tendering
holder thereof (or, in the case of Existing Notes tendered by book-entry
transfer into the Exchange Agent's account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility
pursuant to the book-entry transfer procedures described below, such
non-exchanged Existing Notes will be credited to an account maintained with such
Book-Entry Transfer Facility) as promptly as practicable after the expiration of
the Exchange Offer.
BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER
Any financial institution that is a participant in the Book-Entry Transfer
Facility's systems may make book-entry delivery of Existing Notes by causing the
Book-Entry Transfer Facility to transfer such Existing Notes into the Exchange
Agent's account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility in accordance with such
Book-Entry Transfer Facility's procedures for transfer. However, although
delivery of Existing Notes may be effected through book-entry transfer at the
Book-Entry Transfer Facility, the Letter of Transmittal or facsimile thereof
with any required signature guarantees and any other required documents must, in
any case, be transmitted to and received by the Exchange Agent at one of the
addresses set forth below under "Exchange Agent" on or prior to the Expiration
Date or the guaranteed delivery procedures described below must be complied
with.
GUARANTEED DELIVERY PROCEDURES
If a registered holder of the Existing Notes desires to tender such
Existing Notes and the Existing Notes are not immediately available, or time
will not permit such holder's Existing Notes or other required documents to
reach the Exchange Agent before the Expiration Date, or the procedure for
book-entry transfer cannot be completed on a timely basis, a tender may be
effected if (i) the tender is made through an Eligible Institution, (ii) prior
to the Expiration Date, the Exchange Agent received from such Eligible
Institution a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal (or a
facsimile thereof) and Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, substantially in the form
provided by the Company (by telegram, telex, facsimile transmission, mail or
hand delivery), setting forth the name and address of the holder of Existing
Notes and the amount of Existing Notes tendered, stating that the tender is
being made thereby and guaranteeing that within five New York Stock Exchange
("NYSE") trading days after the date of execution of the Notice of Guaranteed
Delivery, the certificates for all physically tendered Existing Notes, in proper
form for transfer, or a Book-Entry Confirmation, as the case may be, and any
other documents required by the Letter of Transmittal will be deposited by the
Eligible Institution with the Exchange Agent and (iii) the certificates for all
physically tendered Existing Notes, in proper form for transfer, or a Book-Entry
Confirmation, as the case may be, and all other documents required by the Letter
of Transmittal are received by the Exchange Agent within five NYSE trading days
after the date of execution of the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery.
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<PAGE> 37
WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS
Tenders of Existing Notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to the
Expiration Date. For a withdrawal to be effective, a written notice of
withdrawal must be received by the Exchange Agent at one of the addresses set
forth below under "Exchange Agent." Any such notice of withdrawal must specify
the name of the person having tendered the Existing Notes to be withdrawn,
identify the Existing Notes to be withdrawn (including the principal amount of
such Existing Notes), and (where certificates for Existing Notes have been
transmitted) specify the name in which such Existing Notes are registered, if
different from that of the withdrawing holder. If certificates for Existing
Notes have been delivered or otherwise identified to the Exchange Agent then,
prior to the release of such certificates, the withdrawing holder must also
submit the serial numbers of the particular certificates to be withdrawn and a
signed notice of withdrawal with signatures guaranteed by an Eligible
Institution unless such holder is an Eligible Institution. If Existing Notes
have been tendered pursuant to the procedure for book-entry transfer described
above, any notice of withdrawal must specify the name and number of the account
at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility to be credited with the withdrawn Existing
Notes and otherwise comply with the procedures of such facility. All questions
as to the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) of such
notices will be determined by the Company, whose determination shall be final
and binding on all parties. Any Existing Notes so withdrawn will be deemed not
to have been validly tendered for exchange for purposes of the Exchange Offer.
Any Existing Notes which have been tendered for exchange but which are not
exchanged for any reason will be returned to the holder thereof without cost to
such holder (or, in the case of Existing Notes tendered by book-entry transfer
into the Exchange Agent's account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility pursuant
to the book-entry transfer procedures described above, such Existing Notes will
be credited to an account maintained with such Book-Entry Transfer Facility for
the Existing Notes) as soon as practicable after withdrawal, rejection of tender
or termination of the Exchange Offer. Properly withdrawn Existing Notes may be
retendered by following one of the procedures described under "-- Procedures for
Tendering Existing Notes" above at any time on or prior to the Expiration Date.
CERTAIN CONDITIONS TO THE EXCHANGE OFFER
Notwithstanding any other provision of the Exchange Offer, the Company
shall not be required to accept for exchange, or to issue New Notes in exchange
for, any Existing Notes and may terminate or amend the Exchange Offer if at any
time before the acceptance of such Existing Notes for exchange or the exchange
of New Notes for such Existing Notes, the Company determines that the Exchange
Offer violates applicable law, any applicable interpretation of the staff of the
Commission or any order of any governmental agency or court of competent
jurisdiction.
The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of the Company and may be
asserted by the Company regardless of the circumstances giving rise to any such
condition or may be waived by the Company in whole or in part at any time and
from time to time in its reasonable discretion. The failure by the Company at
any time to exercise any of the foregoing rights shall not be deemed a waiver of
such right and each such right shall be deemed an ongoing right which may be
asserted at any time and from time to time.
In addition, the Company will not accept for exchange any Existing Notes
tendered, and no New Notes will be issued in exchange for any such Existing
Notes, if at such time any stop order shall be threatened or in effect with
respect to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus constitutes a
part or the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of
1939, as amended (the "Trust Indenture Act"). In any such event the Company is
required to use every reasonable effort to obtain the withdrawal of any stop
order at the earliest possible time.
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EXCHANGE AGENT
United States Trust Company of New York has been appointed as the Exchange
Agent for the Exchange Offer. All executed Letters of Transmittal should be
directed to the Exchange Agent at one of the addresses set forth below.
Questions and requests for assistance, requests for additional copies of this
Prospectus or of the Letter of Transmittal and requests for Notices of
Guaranteed Delivery should be directed to the Exchange Agent addressed as
follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
By Hand: By Registered or Certified Mail: By Overnight Courier:
United States Trust Company United States Trust Company of United States Trust Company of
of New York New York New York
111 Broadway P.O. Box 844 770 Broadway
Lower Level Cooper Station New York, New York 10003
Corporate Trust Window New York, New York Attn: Corporate Trust
New York, New York 10006 10276-0844
By Facsimile:
United States Trust Company of
New York
(212) 420-6152
Attn: Corporate Trust
Confirm by Telephone:
(800) 548-6565
</TABLE>
Delivery other than as set forth above will not constitute a valid delivery.
FEES AND EXPENSES
The Company will not make any payments to brokers, dealers or others
soliciting acceptances of the Exchange Offer. The principal solicitation is
being made by mail; however, additional solicitations may be made in person or
by telephone by officers and employees of the Company.
The expenses to be incurred in connection with the Exchange Offer will be
paid by the Company. Such expenses include fees and expenses of the Exchange
Agent and Trustee, accounting and legal fees and printing costs, among others.
ACCOUNTING TREATMENT
The New Notes will be recorded at the same carrying value as the Existing
Notes, which is the principal amount as reflected in the Company's accounting
records on the date of the exchange. Accordingly, no gain or loss for accounting
purposes will be recognized. The debt issuance costs will be capitalized for
accounting purposes.
TRANSFER TAXES
Holders who tender their Existing Notes for exchange will not be obligated
to pay any transfer taxes in connection therewith, except that holders who
instruct the Company to register New Notes in the name of, or request that
Existing Notes not tendered or not accepted in the Exchange Offer be returned
to, a person other than the registered tendering holder will be responsible for
the payment of any applicable transfer tax thereon.
CONSEQUENCES OF FAILURE TO EXCHANGE; RESALES OF NEW NOTES
Holders of Existing Notes who do not exchange their Existing Notes for New
Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer will continue to be subject to the
restrictions on transfer of such Existing Notes
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<PAGE> 39
as set forth in the legend thereon as a consequence of the issuance of the
Existing Notes pursuant to the exemptions from, or in transactions not subject
to, the registration requirements of, the Securities Act and applicable state
securities laws. Existing Notes not exchanged pursuant to the Exchange Offer
will continue to accrue interest at 11 3/8% per annum and will otherwise remain
outstanding in accordance with their terms. Holders of Existing Notes do not
have any appraisal or dissenters' rights under the Delaware General Corporation
Law in connection with the Exchange Offer. In general, the Existing Notes may
not be offered or sold unless registered under the Securities Act, except
pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the
Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. The Company does not
currently anticipate that it will register the Existing Notes under the
Securities Act. However, (i) if the Initial Purchasers so request with respect
to Existing Notes not eligible to be exchanged for New Notes in the Exchange
Offer and held by them following consummation of the Exchange Offer or (ii) if
any holder of Existing Notes is not eligible to participate in the Exchange
Offer or, in the case of any holder of Existing Notes that participates in the
Exchange Offer, does not receive freely tradable New Notes in exchange for
Existing Notes, the Company is obligated to file a registration statement on the
appropriate form under the Securities Act relating to the Existing Notes held by
such persons.
Based on certain interpretive letters issued by the staff of the Commission
to third parties in unrelated transactions, the Company is of the view that New
Notes issued pursuant to the Exchange Offer may be offered for resale, resold or
otherwise transferred by holders thereof (other than (i) any such holder which
is an "affiliate" of the Company within the meaning of Rule 405 under the
Securities Act or (ii) any broker-dealer that purchases Notes from the Company
to resell pursuant to Rule 144A or any other available exemption) without
compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions of the
Securities Act, provided that such New Notes are acquired in the ordinary course
of such holders' business and such holders have no arrangement or understanding
with any person to participate in the distribution of such New Notes. If any
holder has any arrangement or understanding with respect to the distribution of
the New Notes to be acquired pursuant to the Exchange Offer, such holder (i)
could not rely on the applicable interpretations of the staff of the Commission
and (ii) must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements
of the Securities Act in connection with a secondary resale transaction. A
broker-dealer who holds Existing Notes that were acquired for its own account as
a result of market-making or other trading activities may be deemed to be an
"underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act and must, therefore,
deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act in
connection with any resale of New Notes. Each such broker-dealer that receives
New Notes for its own account in exchange for Existing Notes, where such
Existing Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making
activities or other trading activities, must acknowledge in the Letter of
Transmittal that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of
such New Notes. See "Plan of Distribution." The Company has not requested the
staff of the Commission to consider the Exchange Offer in the context of a
no-action letter, and there can be no assurance that the staff would take
positions similar to those taken in the interpretive letters referred to above
if the Company were to make such a no-action request.
In addition, to comply with the securities laws of certain jurisdictions,
if applicable, the New Notes may not be offered or sold unless they have been
registered or qualified for sale in such jurisdictions or an exemption from
registration or qualification is available and is complied with. The Company has
agreed, pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement and subject to certain
specified limitations therein, to register or qualify the New Notes for offer or
sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as any holder
of the Notes reasonably requests in writing.
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<PAGE> 40
BUSINESS
The Company is a global leader in the manufacturing, servicing and
marketing of industrial and commercial machine knives and saws, operating in an
estimated worldwide market of $1.0 billion. The Company's products, which are
consumed in the normal course of machine operation and need resharpening or
replacement many times a year, are mounted in industrial machines and are used
in virtually every facet of cutting, slitting, chipping and forming of
materials. The Company serves the following major market sectors: (i) Wood (42%
of 1995 net sales); (ii) Paper & Packaging (38%); (iii) Metal (14%); and (iv)
Plastic & Recycling (6%). The Company believes that it has a leading worldwide
market share in each of these market sectors and that there is no other company
that serves all four such sectors.
The Company believes that it has the most extensive product offering in the
industry, selling over 10,000 knife and saw products to a wide range of
end-users, from large industrial and consumer product manufacturers to small
family-owned print shops. The breadth of the Company's product line is enhanced
by the Company's strategic relationships with over 50 finished goods suppliers,
offering IKS the flexibility to manufacture or source many of its products. IKS'
products are used for diverse applications in numerous markets, including the
use of circular slitter knives to cut copy paper, long veneer slicer knives to
slice thin veneer used in the manufacture of quality furniture and circular
metal slitter knives to cut wide coils of steel into narrow strips. Reflecting
the Company's broad product range and numerous applications, the Company sells
to over 5,000 customers with no customer accounting for more than 3% of the
Company's net sales.
IKS is the only industrial knife and saw manufacturer with operations in
North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America and products sold in more than 75
countries. The Company utilizes its salesforce, the largest direct salesforce in
the industry, to focus its efforts on aftermarket sales to end-users, which
accounted for 89% of the Company's 1995 net sales. The Company also sells to
end-users through Company-owned and independent resharpening service centers,
which resharpen both IKS and competitors' knives and saws and also act as
distributors of IKS products, as well as through distributors and agents. The
Company's remaining sales are to over 300 OEMs of industrial cutting equipment,
and the Company believes it is the leading supplier of knife and saw products to
OEMs.
The Company's sales are principally to customers in North America and
Europe, representing 73% and 26% of 1995 net sales, respectively. The Company
believes that there are significant opportunities to expand its share of these
two major markets through the introduction of new products, increased
participation in existing markets and the extension of its existing marketing,
sales and distribution capabilities. In addition, the Company is planning to
strategically expand its existing resharpening service center base, which allows
IKS to capture both resharpening and additional replacement business. The
Company has also recently expanded its operations into the emerging markets of
Latin America and Asia (with sales increasing from 1% of fiscal 1995 net sales
to 6.8% of net sales for the nine month period ended September 30, 1996) and
plans to continue its international growth, entering new geographic markets
while broadening existing ones.
Since 1991, the Company has expanded its domestic and international
operations through internal growth, the development of strategic alliances and
the acquisition of knife and saw manufacturers and service centers. In addition,
to maintain its position as a low cost producer, the Company takes advantage of
economies of scale in both manufacturing and purchasing and has improved
operating efficiencies. As a result of these actions, during the four year
period ended December 31, 1995 the Company achieved a net sales CAGR of 8.1%,
with net sales increasing from $78 million in 1991 to $107 million in 1995, and
a pro forma EBITDA (as defined herein) CAGR of 11.2%, with pro forma EBITDA
increasing from $9.7 million in 1991 to $14.8 million in 1995. The annual growth
rate of the Company's net sales during these four years was 4.7%, 3.7%, 8.8% and
15.8%, respectively. For the nine month period ended September 30, 1996, the
Company's net sales
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increased 12.6% over the comparable 1995 period to $89.3 million, and pro forma
EBITDA increased 24.2% over the comparable 1995 period to $12.8 million.
BUSINESS STRATEGY
The Company's business objectives include maximizing its end-user sales and
increasing its leading position in the worldwide market for industrial knives
and saws by continuing to expand its strategic alliances, service center
operations and broad product offering and focusing on its low cost position and
strategic acquisitions.
Maximize End-User Sales. The Company is focused on maximizing its
aftermarket sales to end-users, which typically offer a stable revenue base and
high margins because replacement knives and saws are required by end-users in
their normal operation. As sharp cutting edges are necessary for proper machine
operation, knife and saw resharpening and replacement cannot be postponed.
Moreover, the increased efficiency of an improved cutting edge offsets the cost
of knife and saw resharpening and replacement.
An integral component of the Company's successful sales strategy is its
knowledgeable worldwide salesforce of 103 people and 17 product managers, the
largest direct salesforce concentrated on industrial knives and saws. The
Company's salesforce develops close working relationships with end-users,
continually providing customers with direct technical support, offering advice
about the types of knives and saws, materials and specifications which would be
appropriate for their specific machines. As a result of these relationships, the
Company also receives from its customers specific application criteria which
enable the Company to improve product quality.
The Company's distributor network, which includes distributors, agents and
Company-owned and independent resharpening centers, complements its sales force
by providing the opportunity to access niche markets and expand its sales reach.
In addition, the Company believes that placing its knives and saws in the
original industrial cutting equipment of over 300 OEMs leads to a competitive
advantage in capturing the resultant end-user replacement sales.
Continued Development of Strategic Alliances. The Company continually
explores opportunities to expand its manufacturing, marketing and distribution
capabilities through strategic alliances. The Company's strategic alliances
include over 50 business relationships with suppliers of finished industrial
knives and saws throughout the world, four joint ventures and several strategic
relationships with independent resharpening centers. These alliances allow the
Company to expand its international presence, further diversify its customer
base in all industries, extend its product offerings and provide an alternative
low-cost source of products for resale.
The Company's relationships with finished goods suppliers allow it the
flexibility to manufacture or source a product based on cost and delivery time,
the quality of product needed, the region to be supplied and the material to be
used. The Company purchases finished goods from these suppliers and then resells
these products at attractive margins often using the Company's trademarks and
tradenames. The more significant of these relationships provide IKS with the
exclusive or semi-exclusive rights to market certain of its partners' products
within the Company's markets.
The Company seeks to enter into joint venture arrangements in foreign
markets where local market expertise is typically needed. The Company has
recently expanded its international presence through joint ventures in Asia and
Latin America. These include controlling interests in two manufacturing
facilities with the leading producer of paper cutting machinery in China, an
interest in a distributor and service center in Chile and a distributor in the
Philippines. The China joint ventures not only export product, but also provide
a distribution network for the Company to import its products from North America
and Europe into the rapidly developing Chinese market.
Expand Service Center Operations. A key component of the Company's
strategy is to expand its service center operations to maximize both
resharpening and replacement sales through additional direct access to
end-users. Industrial knives and saws generally need resharpening at
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least once per week and as often as 50 times over the life of a product.
Accordingly, resharpening revenues can be significantly in excess of the cost of
the product. For example, circular slitter knives used to cut paper have a sale
price of approximately $17 per knife but can be resharpened more than 30 times
over the life of the product generating resharpening revenues of over $130 per
knife. In addition to capturing resharpening revenues, directly servicing the
end-users of both its own and its competitors' products through service centers
creates closer customer relationships which better position the Company's
products to be the first choice of the end-user when a replacement is needed.
As resharpening service centers also act as distributors, selling
replacements for worn knives and saws, the Company's strategy is to expand
Company-owned service center operations to geographically complement its
existing service centers and strategic resharpening partners that are currently
distributors of IKS products. Since 1991, the Company has acquired or opened 13
service centers and resharpening revenues from Company-owned service centers
have grown to $6.8 million in 1995. Independent service centers are typically
distributors for numerous knife and saw manufacturers. By acquiring these
centers, the Company can replace competitors' products with IKS products, and
add IKS products that the service center did not previously offer.
The Company believes that the number of service center users will continue
to increase as a result of an emerging trend toward outsourcing resharpening
operations. This outsourcing trend results from end-users implementing overhead
reductions and requiring expertise in resharpening knives and saws that are
increasingly more sophisticated in materials and design.
Continued Expansion of Broad Product Offering and End Markets Served. With
over 10,000 industrial knife and saw products, the Company believes that it
sells the most extensive variety of industrial knives and saws in the world. The
Company strives, through both new product development and acquisitions, to
further expand its product applications and the variety of industries it serves.
As a result of the Company's broad product range and the numerous applications
for its products, no customer accounts for more than 3% of the Company's net
sales.
The Company also develops specialized products to meet the unique needs of
its individual customers and continually introduces new products as customer
needs change and market expansion opportunities arise. The Company believes it
will benefit as certain customers demand more sophisticated knives made of
higher grade materials and designs, as many of its smaller competitors will lack
sufficient capital and technical expertise to meet these demands. The Company's
recent product introductions include corrugated box knives for the packaging
industry, diamond core saws for the concrete cutting industry and Stellite(TM)
tipped band saws for cutting logs.
Low Cost Structure. The Company continues to focus on being a low cost
producer of industrial knives and saws. The Company benefits from economies of
scale in both manufacturing and purchasing, such as buying steel direct from the
mills instead of from distributors, which many of the Company's smaller
competitors cannot achieve. The Company's global operations allow it to
manufacture each of its products or perform certain manufacturing processes at
the most cost efficient location given the timing constraints of purchase
orders. In addition, the Company is able to augment its own manufacturing
operations by sourcing low cost, privately labeled products through its
strategic alliances and relationships with finished goods suppliers.
Focusing on cost reductions, the Company recently restructured a portion of
its European operations by relocating certain facilities, coordinating raw
material purchases with the North American operations, reorganizing its sales
efforts and expanding its strategic sourcing alliances. This restructuring has
led to an improvement in the Company's European gross and operating margins from
19.5% and (3.4)%, respectively, in 1993 to 23.4% and 3.3%, respectively, for the
nine month period ended September 30, 1996. The Company believes there is still
substantial opportunity for margin improvement in its European operations and is
currently evaluating additional cost saving options.
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Continued Acquisitions. The highly fragmented knife and saw industry
includes many potential acquisition candidates, both domestic and worldwide.
Since 1991, IKS has completed six acquisitions, which include both manufacturers
of knives and saws as well as service center operations, and the Company
believes that a variety of acquisition opportunities continue to exist. The
Company is presently evaluating potential acquisition opportunities and as part
of its strategy will continue to do so in the future. There can be no assurance
that the Company will consummate any such acquisitions or, if consummated, the
timing thereof.
PRODUCTS AND MARKETS
The Company manufactures and sells its products in four major market
sectors including (i) Wood (42% of 1995 net sales); (ii) Paper & Packaging
(38%); (iii) Metal (14%); and (iv) Plastic & Recycling (6%). IKS offers an
extensive variety of knives and saws which are mounted in industrial machines
and are sold across a wide customer base and over numerous industries throughout
the world. The Company's knives and saws are consumed in the normal course of
machine operation and need resharpening or replacement many times per year.
Wood
IKS believes it is the largest manufacturer of industrial wood knives and
saws with 1995 net sales of approximately $45 million. Industrial wood knives
and saws are utilized in applications by companies such as Weyerhauser Co. and
Louisiana Pacific Corp. for sawing and chipping of lumber into specific
dimensional sizes for use in the housing industry; by companies such as Georgia
Pacific Corp. and Boise Cascade Corp. for peeling large diameter logs into
veneer for use in the production of plywood, panelling and furniture; and by
companies such as Scott Paper Co., Inc. and International Paper Co., Inc. for
the production of wood chips used in their pulp mills to produce fine paper,
newsprint and craft paper. In addition, the Company's knives are used to cut
wood into chips, used for fuel by wood and coal burning power plants as well as
generating power and steam for large paper and pulp mills worldwide. The Company
manufactures products for many aspects of wood converting in a price range from
$10 to $2,000, with an average price of approximately $30.
Industrial wood cutting knives and saws are consumed in the normal course
of operation and due to their rough service applications generally need
resharpening as often as every six to eight hours and 50 times over the life of
the product. Wood circular and band saws are generally resharpened and
retensioned every two weeks and replaced after two years.
As wood becomes more expensive, the industry is increasingly cognizant of
the need for more effective tree utilization and reducing material lost to
inefficient sawing. Two examples demonstrating solutions to these concerns are
the introduction of Stellite(TM) tipped band saws which minimize the kerf (the
amount of wood lost to saw dust in the cut) while providing a longer lasting saw
blade and the increased use of waferizer and flaker knives. Whereas in the past,
band saws were only resharpened a limited number of times, the use of
Stellite(TM) tips greatly extends the life of the product, and increases the
number of times the band saw can be resharpened. Since the Company is one of a
select few manufacturers producing such saws, the Company believes that it is
well positioned to benefit as demand for this product increases over time. In
addition, the industry is trending toward engineered and composite materials
made from specially sized wood chips leading to increased sales of waferizer and
flaker knives, and wear parts. In the past, plywood was typically used in favor
of engineered and composite materials. However, plywood requires the use of
large diameter logs as raw material, leaving considerable waste on the forest
floor, whereas wafer board and oriented strand board use tighter tolerance
waferizer and flaker knives to reduce smaller, less expensive raw material logs
into specifically sized and shaped wood chips. The chips are then assembled with
synthetic binders into boards, sheets and specialty profiles, having properties
superior to plywood or solid wood predecessors. The Company believes that it is
the leading North American manufacturer of these specialty knives and has the
ability to grow with this rapidly increasing market.
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The Company is also a leader in the manufacture of long wood-peeling and
slicing veneer knives. Veneer knives are among the more difficult industrial
knives to manufacture due to their length (up to six meters) and quality
requirements. IKS is one of only a limited number of manufacturers which can
produce such a knife. As the market demands higher quality veneer knives, the
Company believes that its expertise in the design and manufacture of such knives
gives it a competitive advantage.
The market for wood cutting knives and saws is growing in Asia and other
underdeveloped regions as many of the nations in these regions begin to export
products further along the production cycle. As the Company expands in these
regions, it believes that it will benefit from the increased exportation of
finished products. The Company is also using its service center operations to
increase its sales, as more wood cutting operations are outsourcing their knife
and saw servicing needs.
Paper & Packaging
The Company believes it is the largest manufacturer of industrial paper &
packaging knives with 1995 net sales of approximately $41 million. Among the
Company's four major markets, the paper & packaging knife market is the largest
and most diverse, with the widest variety of cutting methods. These knives are
used in applications by companies such as Kimberly-Clark Corp. and Proctor &
Gamble Co. for cutting and perforating tissue paper and paper towels and the
production of disposable diapers; by companies such as Frito-Lay, Inc. and M&M
Mars, Inc. which utilize Zig Zag knives to cut the top and bottom of snack food,
salt and pepper and candy packages sold by convenience stores and fast food
chains; and by companies such as Quebecor Corp., Champion International Corp.
and RR Donnelly & Sons Co., Inc. for cutting and trimming paper in the
production of copy paper, books and business forms. As a result of their many
uses, paper & packaging knives represent the largest category of the Company's
approximately 10,000 products with more than 2,500 paper & packaging knife
products relating to every aspect of paper & packaging manufacturing and
converting. The Company's paper & packaging products range in price from $50 to
$1,000, with an average price of approximately $200.
Paper knives are made from a wide range of steel grades, from inlaid carbon
steels to carbide. Recent trends in the paper industry, including an increase in
the use of recycled fiber and a change in paper chemistry to more abrasive
alkaline additives, have required upgrades by paper producers to higher quality,
more expensive knife materials and designs which are better suited for more
sophisticated and diverse cutting applications. As a result, the market for
industrial paper knives is experiencing price and margin expansion as higher-end
knives are increasing in demand. The Company has developed an expertise in the
manufacture of these more sophisticated cutting tools which allow the paper
converter to run longer and produce better quality cuts. The Company believes
that few of its competitors have the expertise to manufacture machine knives out
of the more expensive materials, which gives IKS a competitive edge and
positions it to offer the most complete package of new knife products and
services in the world paper market.
Industrial paper knives are generally consumed rapidly in the normal course
of operation and can need resharpening as often as once per week and 50 times
over the life of the product. The Company has a strong presence in the knife
servicing market in North America, capitalizing on the preference of users of
paper knives to outsource their knife servicing needs rather than resharpen
their knives themselves. Customers often find that the performance of these
tools can be better maintained if the sharpening is outsourced to professional
service shops having more specialized equipment and technically trained
personnel. The Company believes that it has the largest network of
Company-owned, strategically located service shops equipped with the IKS
Hyperhone system, which system maintains new knife performance throughout the
life of a tool and is not available at most other independent or in-house
grinding shops. The Company is continuously expanding its paper knife servicing
business by educating paper mills on the benefits of outsourcing their knife
resharpening needs to the Company's service centers.
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The Company believes that the market for paper & packaging knives is strong
worldwide and is growing in Europe, Asia and Latin America. The Company believes
this market is growing most quickly in Asia as countries in that region move
from exporting raw lumber to exporting paper pulp and, in some cases, finished
paper products. The Company's expansion into Asia through its China joint
ventures has been based, in part, on its desire to increase its presence in the
paper knife market. The Company should also benefit in Asia and Latin America as
consumer markets in those regions emerge and the use of packaged consumer
products rapidly increases. The Company feels that, through its continued
emphasis on providing specialized technical assistance, it will continue to grow
in these markets.
Metal
The Company believes it is the second largest manufacturer of metal knives
with 1995 net sales of approximately $15 million. The Company's metal knives are
used by steel processing facilities such as Heyco Corp., Edgecomb Metals Co. and
Allegheny Ludlum Corp. and metal products manufacturers such as Deere & Co.
Inc., Caterpillar, Inc. and Steelcase Corp.; in the cutting, shearing and
chopping of steel being produced in steel mills used by companies such as
Bethlehem Steel Corp., Rouge Steel Co. and USX Corp.; and in cutting metal
sheets and slitting strips from rolls of sheet steel processed by companies such
as California Steel Corp. and Joseph T. Ryerson & Son, Inc. The Company
manufactures knives for many aspects of metal converting ranging in price from
$4 to $9,000, with an average price of approximately $75.
Steel circular slitter knives are highly accurate, requiring tolerances of
up to 40 millionths of an inch for a high degree of precision and customization.
There is a trend toward increased tensile strengths of metals and maximizing the
efficiency of metal slitting machines. This trend requires tool technology that
extends the normal resharpening cycle. The Company is a leader in this field,
utilizing fine-grained raw materials and triple-tempered vacuum heat treatment
procedures to produce finely lapped surfaces which enable this degree of
precision.
In setting up their steel slitting lines, the Company's customers order
knives specifically designed for the particular demands and characteristics of
each production line. IKS offers expert technical and computer software
assistance to companies setting up such a line. The Company has developed a
proprietary software package, Slitter Assembly Program (SLAP), which assists
customers in choosing and setting up metal slitting knives. The IKS (SLAP)
technology makes use of custom computer software to guide the personnel setting
up the arbor in the selection of the individual slitter knife and spacer
combination to an exact thickness, assuring that, as the arbor is loaded, the
accumulated error is maintained near zero. The accuracy of this knife clearance
directly affects the cut edge quality of the steel strip. By offering this
technology, as well as personal technical assistance, the Company is an integral
part of the steel slitting knife purchasing process, which the Company believes
increases the likelihood that a customer will choose an IKS product.
Another method the Company utilizes to maintain its position with its
customers of steel slitting knives is its focus on metal knife resharpening
centers. Metal knives are consumable and generally need resharpening as often as
once per week and as often as 100 times over the life of a product. Although
most users of metal knives have expertise in metalworking and typically
resharpen their own knives, there is a trend among steel mills in the United
States to outsource their resharpening requirements due to the increasing
sophistication and tolerance required of metal knives. IKS is capitalizing on
this opportunity. The market for industrial metal knives is dependent upon the
steel usage by numerous industries including the automotive industry and metal
and consumer products manufacturers, such as aluminum can and appliance
manufacturers.
Plastic & Recycling
The Company believes it is the largest manufacturer of industrial plastic &
recycling knives with 1995 net sales of approximately $6 million. Industrial
plastic granulator knives are used for the
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<PAGE> 46
manufacture of plastic, typically by companies such as Mobil Chemical Corp. and
I.C.I. Americas, Inc. where pelletizing knives are used to cut plastic into
small, precise pieces for processing; by companies such as E.I. DuPont de
Nemours & Co. for cutting artificial fibers; by companies such as Wellman Inc.
for recycling plastic containers; and by companies such as Waste Recovery Corp
for the environmental recycling of styrofoam, rubber and glass. The Company
manufactures knives for all of these uses, as well as related knives used to cut
computer tape, foil and film by companies such as Alcoa Aluminum Co. of America,
Inc. and Eastman Kodak Co. and household products produced by Hasbro Corp. and
Rubbermaid Inc. The Company sells products in this sector in a price range from
$1 to $250, with an average price of approximately $50.
IKS is North America's largest manufacturer of plastic granulator knives
and is also a leader in the manufacture of such knives in Europe. Although the
current market for plastic granulator knives is relatively small, the Company
believes it will grow rapidly as the machinery that uses plastic cutting knives
is adapted for an increasing number of cutting and recycling-related
applications. The market for industrial plastic granulator knives is currently
strong in Europe as a result of government mandated recycling programs and is
also growing in North America due to the increased focus on the environment and
recycling. There is a growing emphasis on recycling with respect to reclaiming
the reusable value of material in plastic, rubber, glass and metal products, as
well as with respect to easing the disposal of urban waste, medical waste,
aluminum cans and soda bottles in accordance with environmental regulations.
The Company is also is a leader in the development and production of knives
used in the size reduction and recycling of automobile tires and glass. The
Company believes the use of tire granulating knives will continue to increase as
new uses are developed for the reprocessed material. The Company believes that
the recycling of copper and aluminum cable and wires will also increase as fiber
optic and satellite communication technologies become more widespread. The
Company manufactures the knives which are used in the granulator systems used in
recycling these materials and is thus well positioned to benefit as demand for
these products increases.
Industrial plastic granulator knives are consumed in the normal course of
machine operation and need resharpening as often as once per month and as many a
15 times over the life of a product. Most users of industrial plastic granulator
knives do not service their own knives and the servicing of such knives is also
an important area for the potential expansion of the Company's customer base.
MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
The Company is the only industrial knife and saw manufacturer with
operations in North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America and products sold in
more than 75 countries. Historically, the Company's sales have been principally
in North America and Europe. However the Company has recently expanded
operations into the emerging markets of Asia and Latin America, and plans to
continue its international growth, entering new geographic markets while
broadening existing ones.
The Company has a salesforce of 103 people, the largest direct salesforce
focused on industrial knives and saws. Complementing the Company's knowledgeable
worldwide salesforce, the Company has 17 product managers who are experts in
their respective fields and are responsible for product coordination among the
Company's salespeople, customers and manufacturing operations. The Company
concentrates its sales efforts on end-users, which represent 89% of 1995 net
sales, through its direct sales force, distributors, agents and Company-owned
and independent resharpening service centers. The remaining 11% of the Company's
net sales are to OEM manufacturers of cutting machines through its direct sales
force.
In order to better serve its customers, the Company strategically places
its inventory around the world to best suit geographical and customer needs.
This results in the Company being able to ship
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<PAGE> 47
most products to the end-users more rapidly than many of its competitors and as
a result the Company is often able to command a premium price for its products.
End-users -- Direct Salesforce and Company-Owned Service
Centers. Approximately 65% of the Company's 1995 net sales are direct to
end-users through the Company's salesforce and Company-owned service centers,
representing approximately 5,000 customer accounts. The Company believes that it
has been successful in selling to end-users because of its large and
knowledgeable salesforce, broad product offering, customer service, the
strategic placement of its inventory and its relationships with OEMs. The
Company's salesforce develops close working relationships with end-users,
continually providing customers with direct technical support, offering advice
about the types of knives, materials and specifications which would be
appropriate for their specific machines.
The Company is afforded additional direct access to end-users by providing
resharpening services to end-users of both its own and its competitors' products
through its 14 service centers, ten in the United States, three in Canada, and
one in Chile. This enables the Company to create even closer customer
relationships which better position it to be the first choice of the end-user
when a replacement is needed. Since industrial knives and saws are consumable,
and generally need resharpening at least once per week and as often as 50 times
over the life of a product, resharpening revenues can be significantly in excess
of the cost of the product.
The resharpening service centers also act as distributors as they sell
replacement knives and saws. By owning and operating these service centers, the
Company can replace competitors' products with IKS products, including IKS
products that the service center may not have previously sold. The Company
believes that the number of service center users will continue to increase as a
result of an emerging trend toward outsourcing resharpening operations. This
outsourcing trend results from end-users implementing overhead reductions and
requiring expertise in resharpening blades that are increasingly more
sophisticated in materials and design. Such sales are typically high margin
sales since end-users will pay a higher price for the Company's technical
support resulting in greater satisfaction. In 1995, the Company had
approximately $6.8 million in net sales from its resharpening operations.
End-users -- Distributors and Independent Service Centers. The Company
sells approximately 24% of its net sales to end-users through distributors and
independent resharpening service centers. The Company's long term relationships
with these distributors, agents and independent resharpening service centers
complements its salesforce by providing the opportunity to access additional
niche markets. The Company will continue to utilize its distribution network to
expand its sales reach and carry the IKS products in their inventory, ready to
be sold to end-users.
OEMs. Approximately 11% of IKS' 1995 net sales were directly to a variety
of OEM manufacturers. The Company believes it is the leading supplier to the OEM
market, placing the original knife or saw in the OEM machine, and has a close
relationship with many of the major cutting machine manufacturers worldwide. The
Company has developed and maintains these close relationships by providing
advice to OEM manufacturers about the types of knives, materials and
specifications which would be appropriate for their particular machines. In
supplying over 300 OEMs, the Company's market managers have an enhanced ability
to identify the needs of its customers and to coordinate the Company's technical
capabilities with those needs. As a result, the Company believes that it has
greater opportunities to place its products into OEM machines and by doing so
provides itself with a competitive advantage in capturing the resultant end-user
replacement sales.
STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
The Company's strategic alliances include over 50 business relationships
with suppliers of finished industrial knives and saws throughout the world, four
joint ventures and several strategic relationships with independent resharpening
centers. These alliances enable the Company to
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<PAGE> 48
expand its international presence, increase its product offerings and align
itself with local entrepreneurs in international markets where local market
expertise is needed while broadening its customer base with limited additional
investment.
Finished Goods Suppliers. The Company's relationships with suppliers of
finished goods are typically with small manufacturers throughout the world. The
Company's relationships with finished goods suppliers allow it the flexibility
to manufacture or source a product based upon cost and delivery time, the
quality of product needed, the region to be supplied and the material to be
used. The more significant of these relationships provide the Company with the
exclusive or semi-exclusive rights to market certain of its partners' products
within the Company's markets and allow the Company to purchase finished goods
for a relatively low cost and then resell these products at attractive margins
often using the Company's trademarks and tradenames. The Company generally has
at least two suppliers for most of the products it sources. In addition, the
loss of any particular supplier would not have a material effect upon the
Company, since the Company is able to manufacture substantially all of the
products it sources.
Joint Ventures. The Company recently expanded its international presence
through joint ventures in Asia and Latin America. These include two joint
ventures which commenced operations in September, 1995 with the leading
industrial paper cutting machinery manufacturer in China. The Company has a 51%
interest in both ventures, which had total net sales of $4.4 million for the
nine month period ended September 30, 1996. The Company's partner in the China
joint ventures is Shanghai Printing and Packaging Machinery General Corporation,
which currently has approximately an 80% share of the paper knife machine market
in China, manufacturing cutting equipment which consumes the Company's paper
knives. These joint ventures sell products domestically within China and IKS
exclusively exports these products to the rest of the world, providing the
Company with a relatively low cost source of supply for resale to its customers.
These joint ventures will also provide a distribution network for the Company to
import its products from North America and Europe into the rapidly developing
market in China as the economy expands and demands a greater variety of cutting
tool products. The Company's other joint venture interests are a 42.5% interest
in a distributor and service center in Chile which had net sales of
approximately $1.0 million in 1995 and $763,000 for the nine month period ended
September 30, 1996 and a 30% interest in a distributor in the Philippines which
had net sales of approximately $730,000 in 1995 and $801,000 for the nine month
period ended September 30, 1996.
RAW MATERIALS
The Company has numerous suppliers of raw materials, including over 20 raw
material suppliers of steel. IKS's steel purchase volume is typically large
enough to allow the Company to purchase steel directly from steel mills, which
results in reduced raw material costs. The Company believes that its
relationships with all of its steel vendors are good. The Company is not
dependent on any one of its suppliers for all of its raw materials.
In 1995, the Company experienced an unexpected increase in the price of
tool steel because of an unusual general market price increase which affected
the knife industry worldwide. This price escalation is attributable to a major
reduction in specialty tool steel production resulting from the closing of a
major German steel mill and the consolidation of steel producers in Latin
America and Europe coupled with a strong demand for raw materials in North
America and Europe. The resultant shortage in tool steel caused deliveries from
suppliers to be extended from nine months to fourteen months. As the Company
sells primarily to end-users which requires prompt and timely delivery, the
Company was forced to purchase expensive substitutes. Due to the unexpected
nature of the price increase, the Company was not able to pass along this
increase to its customers on a timely basis. The Company has taken measures to
prevent such a reoccurrence by negotiating a 90-day fixed price term into most
of its sales contracts as opposed to the previous one year term, increasing
prices on a more regular basis and expanding the number of its steel suppliers.
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<PAGE> 49
COMPETITION
The industrial knife and saw market is highly fragmented with numerous
participants. The Company competes principally on the basis of price, service,
delivery, quality and technical expertise. The Company's competitors vary in
each of the market sectors that the Company serves. There is no one company
which competes with the Company in all four of the market sectors which the
Company serves and there is no one company which is dominant in any of such
market sectors. The Company believes that the reputation it has established over
its long history for quality products, sales and service network and its
in-depth product knowledge provide it with a competitive advantage in all the
market sectors it serves.
TRADEMARKS AND TRADENAMES
The Company markets its products under certain trademarks, including
"IKS(TM)," "IKS Klingelnberg," "Chromavan," "Chromalit," "Compaflex,"
"Compalloy," "Durapid," "Duritan," "Dynabloc(TM)," "Dynapren," "Dynatherm,"
"Klirit," "KSFmicroplan," "Novacrom(TM)," "Novador," "QCP," "Quality Cut Knife
Maintenance Program and Design," "Slap," "Stop," "Surekut(TM)," "Tecalloy(TM),"
"Tecnolite(TM)," "Ultrid," and "Workalit." In addition, the Company uses the
following tradenames: American Custom Metals; Ban-Carb; Canadian Knife & Saw;
Durakut; Econokut; Hannaco; Hyperhone; IKS de Mexico; IKS Shanghai; Kodiak; SPS;
Tuff-Tip; and Ultrakut.
LITIGATION
The Company is from time to time involved in legal proceedings arising in
the ordinary course of business. The Company believes there is no outstanding
litigation which could have a material impact on its operations.
PROPERTIES
The Company is headquartered in Erlanger, Kentucky, located a few miles
south of Cincinnati, Ohio. The Company currently owns or leases 20 facilities in
North America, Europe and Asia, which are used for manufacturing, distribution,
sales, warehousing and service center activity.
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<PAGE> 50
The following table sets forth the location, square footage and principal
functions of each of the Company's facilities.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LOCATION APPROX. SQ. FT. USE
- -------------------------------- --------------- ---------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
North American Facilities
Florence, SC.................. 106,600 Manufacturing/Service
Center/Distribution/Sales
Erlanger, KY (corporate 99,700 Manufacturing/Service
headquarters).............. Center/Distribution/Sales
Camden, AL.................... 44,700 Manufacturing/Service
Center/Distribution/Sales
McMinnville, OR............... 34,000 Manufacturing/Service
Center/Distribution/Sales
Granby, Quebec*............... 20,000 Manufacturing/Service
Center/Distribution/Sales
Langley, British Columbia..... 19,200 Manufacturing/Service
Center/Distribution/Sales
Gary, IN*..................... 18,500 Service Center/Distribution/Sales
Bangor, ME.................... 12,400 Service Center/Distribution/Sales
Mississauga, Ontario*......... 11,800 Service Center/Distribution/Sales
West Monroe, LA............... 7,500 Service Center/Distribution/Sales
Chesterfield, VA 7,400 Service Center/Distribution/Sales
(Richmond)*................
Langley, British Columbia*.... 5,000 Service Center
Kent, WA* 4,000 Service Center/Sales
Mexico City, Mexico*.......... 3,500 Distribution/Sales
Statesboro, GA*............... 2,700 Service Center
European Facilities
Bergisch Born, Germany........ 56,000 Manufacturing/Distribution/Sales
Geringswalde, Germany......... 30,700 Manufacturing
Asian Facilities
Jakarta, Indonesia*........... 2,700 Distribution/Sales
Singapore*.................... 1,000 Distribution/Sales
Joint Venture Facilities
Shanghai, China** (51%)....... 32,000 Manufacturing/Distribution/Sales
Concepcion, Chile* (42.5%).... 3,500 Service Center/Distribution/Sales
Manila, Philippines (30%)..... 2,500 Distribution/Sales
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Leased.
** Facility owned, land leased.
The Company believes that its facilities are suitable for its operations
and provide sufficient capacity to meet the Company's requirements for the
foreseeable future.
The Company places a strong emphasis on producing high quality products.
The Company's European facility located in Bergisch Born, Germany has been
awarded ISO 9001 certification, indicating that the Company has achieved and
sustained a high degree of quality and consistency with respect to its products.
The Company is currently working toward receiving ISO 9002 certification for its
facility in Erlanger, Kentucky. The Company believes that ISO certification is
an increasingly important selling feature both domestically and internationally,
as it provides evidence to purchasers that the specified product quality has
been achieved and is being sustained.
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<PAGE> 51
ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGULATORY MATTERS
As with most industrial companies, the Company's facilities and operations
are required to comply with and are subject to a wide variety of Environmental
Laws. Certain of these Environmental Laws hold owners or operators of land or
businesses liable for their own and for previous owners' or operators' releases
of hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes, pollutants or
contaminants, including petroleum and petroleum products. Compliance with
Environmental Laws also may require the acquisition of permits or other
authorizations for certain activities and compliance with various standards or
procedural requirements. The nature of the Company's operations, the long
history of industrial uses at some of its current or former facilities, and the
operations of predecessor owners or operators of certain of the businesses
expose the Company to risk of liabilities or claims with respect to
environmental and worker health and safety matters. There can be no assurance
that material costs or liabilities will not be incurred in connection with such
liabilities or claims.
In connection with the Recapitalization, the Company obtained an indemnity
for fines and penalties for violations of Environmental Laws and for losses
suffered by the Company with respect to certain environmental conditions
occurring prior to the Recapitalization. The environmental indemnities are
subject to certain time limitations depending on the nature of the environmental
claim, a $15.0 million cap and, except for fines and penalties for violations of
Environmental Laws, a $2.5 million deductible. Based on the Company's experience
to date and the indemnities obtained in connection with the Recapitalization,
the Company believes that the future cost of compliance with existing
Environmental Laws (or liability for known environmental liabilities or claims)
should not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition or results of operations. However, future events, such as changes in
existing laws and regulations or their interpretation, may give rise to
additional compliance costs or liabilities that could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations.
Compliance with more stringent laws or regulations, as well as more vigorous
enforcement policies of regulatory agencies or stricter or different
interpretations of existing laws, may require additional expenditures by the
Company that may be material.
EMPLOYEES
At September 30, 1996, the Company had 1,178 full-time employees. Of such
employees, 661 were located in North America, 180 were located in Europe and 337
were located in Asia. The Company considers its relations with its employees to
be good.
The Company's employees are primarily non-union. The Company's Bergisch
Born, Germany facility and China facilities (operated in connection with its
joint venture arrangements) are the only facilities which employ union workers.
The Company estimates that 48 of its 180 German employees are union members. The
majority of the 324 employees at the facilities of the two China joint ventures
are part of a governmental bargaining unit. The Company considers its relations
with the unions to be good.
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<PAGE> 52
MANAGEMENT
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the
persons who are members of the Board of Directors, executive officers or key
employees of the Company. Directors serve for a term of one year or until their
successors are elected and qualified; officers serve at the discretion of the
Board of Directors.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AGE POSITION
- ------------------------------------------- --- -------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
John E. Halloran........................... 51 President, Chief Executive Officer and
Director
Thomas W. G. Meyer......................... 40 Executive Vice President -- Europe and Asia
William M. Schult.......................... 35 Vice President -- Finance, Chief Financial
Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
Jeffrey Hansel............................. 41 Vice President -- Sales and Marketing,
North America
James A. Rich.............................. 49 Vice President -- Management Information
Systems, North America
William R. Underhill....................... 47 Vice President -- Operations
W. Raymond Connell......................... 56 Vice President -- Service and Sales
Director, North America
Klaus Schmidt.............................. 53 Vice President, German subsidiary
Heinrich Ankermann......................... 55 Vice President, German subsidiary
Heinz Gamerschlag.......................... 45 Controller, German subsidiary
Manfred Herrmann........................... 52 Plant Manager, German subsidiary
Bernhard Keil.............................. 44 Logistics and Procurement Manager, German
subsidiary
Thomas Huhn................................ 32 Market Manager, German subsidiary
Diether Klingelnberg....................... 52 Director
Michael A. Delaney......................... 42 Director
James A. Urry.............................. 42 Director
</TABLE>
- ---------------
John E. Halloran, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director. Mr.
Halloran has been President and Chief Executive Officer since March 1996 and had
served as Executive Vice President since joining the Company in 1992. Mr.
Halloran served as Executive Vice President of Operations at Simonds Industries
from 1989 to 1992 and as President of Michigan Knife Company from the time it
was founded by Mr. Halloran in 1974 until it was acquired by Simonds Industries
in 1989.
Thomas W. G. Meyer, Executive Vice President -- Europe and Asia. Mr. Meyer
has served as Executive Vice President since he joined the Company in 1993.
Prior thereto, Mr. Meyer worked in the textile industry for ten years, including
service as the head of marketing for Barmag AG from 1988 until 1991 and as a
director of A. Monforts GmbH & Co., from 1991 until 1992.
William M. Schult, Vice President -- Finance, Chief Financial Officer,
Treasurer and Secretary. Mr. Schult joined the Company as Vice
President -- Finance in July 1996. Prior to joining the Company, he served as
Controller of IKS Holdings since 1995 and in several capacities at Siemens
Corporation from 1987 until 1995, most recently as Controller of the Pelton &
Crane division. Prior to that, Mr. Schult held various accounting and auditing
positions with the Allen Group, Salomon Brothers and Coopers & Lybrand.
Jeffrey Hansel, Vice President -- Sales and Marketing, North America. Mr.
Hansel joined the Company in 1985 as a paper knife market manager. Mr. Hansel
became Vice President -- Sales and Marketing in 1991. Prior to joining the
Company, from 1981 to 1985 Mr. Hansel was President of
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<PAGE> 53
General Metals Technologies Corp., a subsidiary of C.B. Manufacturing with which
he was employed from 1979 to 1981 as a sales manager.
James A. Rich, Vice President -- Management Information Systems, North
America. Mr. Rich joined the Company in 1988. Prior to joining the Company, Mr.
Rich had 12 years of experience in public accounting, including five years as an
independent consultant and two years with Deloitte & Touche LLP.
William R. Underhill, Vice President -- Operations. Mr. Underhill joined
the Company in 1977 as Product Manager. Mr. Underhill served in various
capacities, including purchasing agent and sales manager, from 1977 to 1990, and
became Vice President -- Operations in 1996.
W. Raymond Connell, Vice President, Service and Sales Director, North
America. Mr. Connell joined the Company in 1991 as Vice President -- Service
and Sales Director. From 1990 to 1991, Mr. Connell was the owner of Connell
Distribution and prior to that was the part owner of Austin Saw and Knife, which
the Company acquired in 1991. Between 1974 and 1990, Mr. Connell was the
Company's sales manager.
Klaus Schmidt, Vice President, German subsidiary. Mr. Schmidt joined the
Company in 1979, as a sales representative, and is currently responsible for
sales and marketing for the Company's European operations. Prior to joining the
Company, Mr. Schmidt worked for Klingelnberg Soehne in various sales positions
beginning in 1960.
Heinrich Ankermann, Vice President, German subsidiary. Mr. Ankermann
joined the Company in 1976 as a Plant Manager and was promoted in 1991 to Vice
President of the Company's German subsidiary. Prior to joining the Company, Mr.
Ankermann worked at Neuenkamp, where he was responsible for production.
Heinz Gamerschlag, Controller, German subsidiary. Mr. Gamerschlag joined
the Company in 1981 as a Controller and has continued to serve in such position
for the Company's German subsidiary.
Manfred Herrmann, Plant Manager, German subsidiary. Mr. Herrmann joined
the Company in 1991 and currently serves as the Plant Manager of the
Geringswalde, Germany facility. From 1981 to 1991, he worked as director of
production at Vereinigte Werkzeugfabrik, a manufacturer of metal slitter knives
and machine arbors which was acquired by IKS.
Bernhard Keil, Logistics and Procurement Manager, German subsidiary. Mr.
Keil joined the Company in 1981 as a salesman and was promoted to Logistics and
Procurement Manager for the Company's German subsidiary in 1993. Prior to
joining the Company, he was a salesman for The Klingelnberg Corporation.
Thomas Huhn, Market Manager, German subsidiary. Mr. Huhn joined the
Company in 1994 as a Market Manager for the Company's German subsidiary. From
1984 to 1994, Mr. Huhn worked for Fassbender & Co., a paper knife manufacturer,
in various capacities including purchasing manager.
Diether Klingelnberg, Director. Mr. Klingelnberg served as Chief Executive
Officer of the Company until March 1996. In addition, he served as Chairman of
the Board and Chief Executive Officer of IKS Holdings from its formation until
consummation of the Transactions. Mr. Klingelnberg has been Managing Partner of
Klingelnberg Soehne since 1969 and is a director of Eummoco Hasenklever GmbH,
Honsel AG and the Alfred H. Schutte Company.
Michael A. Delaney, Director. Mr. Delaney has been a Vice President of CVC
since 1989. From 1986 through 1989, he was Vice President of Citicorp Mergers
and Acquisitions. Mr. Delaney is a director of Aetna Industries, Inc.,
AmeriSource Health Corporation, Cort Business Services Corporation, Delco Remy
International, Inc., Enterprise Media Inc., FF Holdings Corporation, GVC
Holdings, JAC Holdings, Palomar Technologies, Inc., SC Processing, Inc., Sybron
Chemicals, Inc. and Triumph Holdings, Inc.
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<PAGE> 54
James A. Urry, Director. Mr. Urry has been with Citibank, N.A. since 1981,
serving as a Vice President since 1986. He has been a Vice President of CVC
since 1989. He is a director of AmeriSource Health Corporation, Cort Business
Services Corporation, FF Holdings Corporation, Hancor Holding Corporation and
York International Corporation.
In addition, CVC has the contractual right to designate an independent
director to the Company's Board of Directors, subject to the right of the
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Holdings Class A Stock to
veto the election of such director. See "Stock Ownership -- Stockholders'
Agreement."
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION AND ARRANGEMENTS
It is not currently anticipated that directors of the Company will receive
compensation for their services as directors. Members of the Board of Directors
are elected pursuant to certain voting agreements among IKS Holdings and its
stockholders. See "Stock Ownership -- Stockholders' Agreement."
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth certain information concerning the
compensation received for services rendered in 1996 by (i) each person who
served as the Company's Chief Executive Officer during 1996, (ii) the four most
highly compensated executive officers of the Company (other than the individuals
who served as the Company's Chief Executive Officer) in office on December 31,
1996 and (iii) one additional individual who would have been included in the
category of persons referred to in clause (ii) above but for the fact that such
individual was not serving as an executive officer of the Company on December
31, 1996.
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ANNUAL COMPENSATION
---------------------------------- ALL OTHER
SALARY BONUS(1) OTHER COMPENSATION
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION ($) ($) ($) ($)
- ----------------------------------------- -------- -------- -------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Diether Klingelnberg..................... $186,718 $ -- $ -- $ 4,833(3)
President and Chief Executive
Officer(2)
John E. Halloran......................... 200,000 55,000 -- 213,711(4)
President and Chief Executive
Officer(2)
Thomas W.G. Meyer........................ 185,923 -- -- --
Executive Vice President -- Europe
and Asia
William M. Schult........................ 120,000 10,000 14,971(6) 33,356(7)
Vice President -- Finance, Chief
Financial Officer, Treasurer and
Secretary(5)
William R. Underhill..................... 101,000 18,041 -- 10,224(8)
Vice President -- Operations
James A. Rich............................ 98,100 9,130 -- 35,186(9)
Vice President -- Management
Information Systems, North America
Edward Brent............................. 145,000 74,444(10) -- 114,209(11)
Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer(5)
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Does not include a supplemental bonus payable to Messrs. Klingelnberg,
Halloran, Meyer, Schult and Underhill, the amount of which has not been
determined. The supplemental bonus to be paid to Mr. Klingelnberg will be
paid by IKS Holdings. The amount of each such bonus will be determined by
reference to the Company's 1996 adjusted net income; the Company does not
expect the aggregate amount of all such bonuses to exceed $250,000.
(2) In March 1996, Diether Klingelnberg was succeeded as President and Chief
Executive Officer by John E. Halloran. Mr. Halloran had previously served
as Executive Vice President of the Company.
(footnotes continued on following page)
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<PAGE> 55
(3) Includes $1,304 in Company 401(k) contributions and $3,529 in Company
Profit Sharing Plan contributions.
(4) Includes $200,000 paid in connection with the consummation of the
Transactions, $3,000 in Company 401(k) contributions, $8,250 in Company
Profit Sharing Plan contributions, $461 in group term life insurance
premiums and $2,000 as a directors fee which was paid by IKS Holdings.
(5) Upon consummation of the Transactions, Edward Brent retired as Chief
Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company and was succeeded in such
capacities by William M. Schult. Mr. Schult continues to serve as Vice
President -- Finance and Secretary.
(6) Represents reimbursement of relocation expenses.
(7) Includes $25,000 paid in connection with the consummation of the
Transactions, $8,250 in Company Profit Sharing Plan contributions and $106
in group term life insurance premiums.
(8) Includes $2,647 in Company 401(k) contributions, $7,400 in Company Profit
Sharing Plan contributions and $177 in group term life insurance premiums.
(9) Includes $25,000 paid in connection with the consummation of the
Transactions, $2,645 in Company 401(k) contributions, $7,370 in Company
Profit Sharing Plan contributions and $171 in group term life insurance
premiums.
(10) Paid by IKS Holdings.
(11) Includes $100,000 paid in connection with the consummation of the
Transactions, $3,000 in Company 401(k) contributions, $8,250 in Company
Profit Sharing Plan contributions, $959 in group term life insurance
premiums and $2,000 as a directors fee which was paid by IKS Holdings.
EMPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION AGREEMENTS
John E. Halloran has been employed by the Company pursuant to an Employment
Agreement dated June 1, 1992. This agreement is terminable by either party upon
90 days prior written notice and currently provides for a base salary of
$200,000 per year plus 0.8% of the Company's net profits (before taxes and
certain other adjustments). In addition, the Agreement provides for the receipt
by Mr. Halloran of standard Company benefits. Upon Mr. Halloran's election as
President of the Company in March 1996, the Company and Mr. Halloran conducted
discussions concerning the amendment of the terms of the agreement. Concurrent
with the consummation of the Transactions, such contract was terminated in favor
of Mr. Halloran's continued employment at will.
Thomas Meyer was hired by IKS Klingelnberg GmbH as its Chief Executive
Officer pursuant to an Employment Agreement effective January 1, 1993 which,
following an automatic extension thereof, expires on December 31, 2000. As
compensation, Mr. Meyer receives an annual salary of 280,000 DM. In addition, he
receives an annual profit sharing bonus equal to 3.0% of the income before taxes
of IKS Klingelnberg GmbH plus 0.65% of the Company's income before taxes. He is
also eligible for certain incentive bonuses based on sales, and receives certain
fringe benefits including an automobile and insurance coverage. Following any
termination of Mr. Meyer's employment, Mr. Meyer will be subject to a
non-competition covenant for up to two years, in exchange for payment in each
year of an amount equal to one-half of Mr. Meyer's most recently agreed upon
annual compensation.
The Company has entered into deferred compensation and supplemental
retirement agreements with Edward J. Brent and Diether Klingelnberg dated
November 23, 1981. The agreements provide for a supplemental retirement benefit
payable at age 65 equal to $250,000 payable in monthly installments over a
period of ten years with any remaining payments to become immediately due and
payable upon the death of the employee. Mr. Brent becomes fully vested and may
take early retirement without a reduction in benefits at age 62. Mr.
Klingelnberg may take early retirement without a reduction in benefits at age
60. In addition, Mr. Klingelnberg is entitled to a
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<PAGE> 56
reduced benefit of $12,500 per year (beginning at age 60) if his employment is
terminated by the Company prior to his reaching age 60. In both cases, if the
employee dies while employed by the Company, his designated beneficiary will be
entitled to a death benefit of $25,000 per year for ten years. In lieu of the
benefits described above the Company may at its sole discretion accelerate the
payment of benefits to an employee or the employee's beneficiary, if applicable.
All benefits under the agreements are forfeited if it is determined that (i) the
employee engaged in activity adversely affecting the interests of the Company,
or (ii) the employee rendered services to any competitor of the Company.
Upon consummation of the Transactions, Diether Klingelnberg waived the
benefits provided to him under his deferred compensation and supplemental
retirement agreement in exchange for an assignment of a life insurance policy
maintained by the Company insuring his life. Such policy had a cash surrender
value of approximately $70,000. In addition, Mr. Brent retired as Chief
Financial Officer of the Company upon consummation of the Transactions, and the
Company retained Mr. Brent as a part-time employee through September 1997 and
agreed to pay him a salary of $5,000 per month in connection with services
rendered in such capacity.
401(k) RETIREMENT PLAN
IKS Holdings maintains a defined contribution 401(k) retirement plan. All
of the Company's non-unionized employees are eligible to participate after
completing one year of service and attaining age 20 1/2. Subject to certain
statutory limitations, employees may contribute up to 15 percent of their
compensation to the plan on a pre-tax basis. The Company may make discretionary
matching contributions equal to a percentage of the employees' pre-tax
contributions. However, in determining the amount of matching contributions,
only employee pre-tax contributions up to four percent of compensation are taken
into account. For allocation purposes, the compensation of any employee in
excess of $150,000 is disregarded. Employees are fully vested in their benefits
under the plan after two years of service.
PROFIT SHARING PLAN
The Company maintains a tax-qualified profit sharing plan. All of the
Company's domestic non-unionized employees are eligible to participate after
attaining age 20 1/2. The plan is completely funded by Company discretionary
contributions. Company contributions are allocated to the accounts of the
eligible employees in the same ratio that each eligible employee's compensation
for the year bears to the total compensation of all eligible employees for the
year. For allocation purposes, the compensation of any employee in excess of
$150,000 is disregarded. Employees are fully vested in their benefits under the
plan after five years of service. An employee may not receive a distribution of
his benefits under the plan until following his termination of employment.
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<PAGE> 57
STOCK OWNERSHIP
All of the outstanding capital stock of the Company is currently owned by
IKS Holdings. The following table sets forth certain information with respect to
the beneficial ownership of the Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Common
Stock by (i) each person or entity who owns five percent or more thereof, (ii)
each director of the Company who is a stockholder, (iii) the Chief Executive
Officer of the Company and the other executive officers named in the "Summary
Compensation Table" above who are stockholders, and (iv) the directors and
officers of the Company as a group. Unless otherwise specified, all shares are
directly held.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER AND PERCENT OF SHARES
----------------------------------------------------------------
HOLDINGS PREFERRED HOLDINGS CLASS A HOLDINGS CLASS B
STOCK STOCK(1) STOCK(2)
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
NAME OF BENEFICIAL OWNER NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT
- ---------------------------------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Citicorp Venture Capital Ltd...... 10,920 91.0% 41,315 49.0% 15,685 100.0%
399 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10043
Arndt Klingelnberg................ -- -- 17,000 20.2% -- --
IKS Corporation
1299 Cox Avenue
Erlanger, KY 41018
Diether Klingelnberg.............. -- -- 17,000 20.2% -- --
IKS Corporation
1299 Cox Avenue
Erlanger, KY 41018
John E. Halloran(3)(4)............ 600 5.0% 5,000 5.9% -- --
IKS Corporation
1299 Cox Avenue
Erlanger, KY 41018
Thomas W.G. Meyer(4).............. 240 2.0% 2,000 2.4% -- --
William M. Schult(4).............. 48 0.4% 400 0.5% -- --
James A. Rich(4).................. 48 0.4% 400 0.5% -- --
William R. Underhill.............. 24 0.2% 200 0.2% -- --
All directors and officers
as a group (16 persons)(3)(4)... 1,080 9.0% 26,000 30.8% -- --
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Does not include shares of Holdings Class A Stock issuable upon conversion
of Holdings Class B Stock. See "-- Holdings Common Stock."
(2) Does not include shares of Holdings Class B Stock issuable upon conversion
of Holdings Class A Stock. See "-- Holdings Common Stock."
(3) The Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Class A Stock distributed to John
E. Halloran as part of the Recapitalization Distribution is subject to
post-closing adjustments, if any, to the Recapitalization Distribution
pursuant to the provisions of the Recapitalization Agreement. See "The
Transactions."
(4) Certain members of management of the Company are expected to participate in
an Employee Stock Purchase Plan pursuant to which management will be offered
the opportunity to acquire Holdings Class A Stock which would equal in the
aggregate up to an additional 10.0% of the Holdings Class A Stock
outstanding. See "-- Employee Stock Purchase Plan." The table does not
include shares or options that may be acquired by such individuals pursuant
to such Plan.
55
<PAGE> 58
HOLDINGS PREFERRED STOCK
The IKS Holdings Certificate of Incorporation provides that IKS Holdings
may issue 12,000,000 shares of Holdings Preferred Stock, all of which are
designated as Series A Cumulative Compounding Preferred Stock. Holdings
Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000 per share and is entitled to annual
dividends when, as and if declared, which dividends will be cumulative, whether
or not earned or declared, and will accrue at a rate of 12.0%, compounding. The
vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Holdings Preferred Stock,
voting as a separate class, is required to (i) create, authorize or issue any
other class or series of stock entitled to a preference prior to the Holdings
Preferred Stock upon any dividend or distribution or any liquidation,
distribution of assets, dissolution or winding up of IKS Holdings, or increase
the authorized amount of any such other class or series, or (ii) amend IKS
Holdings' Certificate of Incorporation if such amendment would adversely affect
the relative rights and preferences of the holders of the Holdings Preferred
Stock. Except as described in the immediately preceding sentence or as otherwise
required by law, the Holdings Preferred Stock is not entitled to vote. IKS
Holdings may not pay any dividend upon (except for a dividend payable in Junior
Stock, as defined below), or redeem or otherwise acquire shares of, capital
stock junior to the Holdings Preferred Stock (including the Holdings Common
Stock) ("Junior Stock") unless all cumulative dividends on the Holdings
Preferred Stock have been paid in full. Upon a liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of IKS Holdings, holders of Holdings Preferred Stock are entitled to
receive out of the legally available assets of IKS Holdings, before any amount
shall be paid to holders of Junior Stock, an amount equal to $1,000 per share of
Holdings Preferred Stock, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends to the date of
final distribution. If such available assets are insufficient to pay the holders
of the outstanding shares of Holdings Preferred Stock in full, such assets, or
the proceeds thereof, will be distributed ratably among such holders. The
Holdings Preferred Stock is not mandatorily redeemable prior to the maturity of
the Notes. IKS Holdings may optionally redeem, in whole or in part, the Holdings
Preferred Stock at any time at a price per share of $1,000, plus accrued and
unpaid dividends to the date of redemption.
HOLDINGS COMMON STOCK
The Certificate of Incorporation of IKS Holdings provides that IKS Holdings
may issue 400,000 shares of Holdings Common Stock, divided into two classes
consisting of 200,000 shares of Holdings Class A Stock and 200,000 shares of
Holdings Class B Stock. The holders of Holdings Class A Stock are entitled to
one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the
stockholders. Except as required by law, the holders of Holdings Class B Stock
have no voting rights. Under the Certificate of Incorporation of IKS Holdings, a
holder of either class of Holdings Common Stock may convert any or all of his
shares into an equal number of shares of the other class of Holdings Common
Stock; provided that in the case of a conversion from Holdings Class B Stock,
which is nonvoting, into Holdings Class A Stock, which is voting, the holder of
shares to be converted would be permitted under applicable law to hold the total
number of shares of Holdings Class A Stock which would be held after giving
effect to the conversion.
STOCKHOLDERS' AGREEMENT
In connection with the Recapitalization, the stockholders of IKS Holdings
entered into a Securities Purchase and Holders Agreement (the "Stockholders'
Agreement") containing certain agreements among such stockholders with respect
to the capital stock and corporate governance of IKS Holdings and the Company.
The following is a summary description of the principal terms of the
Stockholders' Agreement and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by
reference to the definitive Stockholders' Agreement, copies of which are
available upon request to the Company.
Pursuant to the Stockholders' Agreement, the Board of Directors of IKS
Holdings and the Company is composed at all times of five directors as follows:
John E. Halloran (so long as he continues to serve as President of the Company);
one individual designated by Diether Klingelnberg; two individuals designated by
CVC; and one independent director who shall be
56
<PAGE> 59
designated by CVC, subject to the right of holders of the majority of the
outstanding shares of Holdings Class A Stock to veto the election of any such
independent director.
The Stockholders' Agreement contains certain provisions which, with certain
exceptions, restrict the ability of the stockholders from transferring any
Holdings Common Stock, Holdings Preferred Stock or Holdings Debentures except
pursuant to the terms of the Stockholders' Agreement. If holders of more than
50% of the Holdings Common Stock approve the sale of the Company (an "Approved
Sale"), each stockholder has agreed to consent to such sale and, if such sale
includes the sale of stock, each stockholder has agreed to sell all of such
stockholder's Holdings Common Stock on the terms and conditions approved by
holders of a majority of the Holdings Common Stock then outstanding. In the
event IKS Holdings proposes to issue and sell (other than in a public offering
pursuant to a registration statement) any shares of Holdings Common Stock or any
securities containing options or rights to acquire any shares of Holdings Common
Stock or any securities convertible into Holdings Common Stock to CVC or its
affiliates, IKS Holdings must first offer to each of the other shareholders a
pro rata portion of such shares. Such preemptive rights are not applicable to
the issuance of shares of Holdings Common Stock upon the conversion of shares of
one class of Holdings Common Stock into shares of the other class.
The Stockholders' Agreement also provides for certain additional
restrictions on transfer of shares acquired by members of management pursuant to
an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Plan") ("Incentive Shares"), including the
right of IKS Holdings to repurchase Incentive Shares held by a member of
management (a "Participant") upon termination of such Participant's employment
prior to 2001, at a formula price, and the grant of a right of first refusal in
favor of IKS Holdings in the event a Participant elects to transfer such
Incentive Shares of Holdings Common Stock.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
In connection with their entry into the Stockholders' Agreement, IKS
Holdings, CVC and certain other stockholders of IKS Holdings entered into a
Registration Rights Agreement (the "Holdings Registration Rights Agreement").
Pursuant to the Holdings Registration Rights Agreement, upon the written request
of CVC, IKS Holdings has agreed to prepare and file a registration statement
with the Commission concerning the distribution of all or part of the shares
held by CVC and use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to
become effective. If at any time IKS Holdings files a registration statement for
the Holdings Common Stock pursuant to a request by CVC or otherwise (other than
a registration statement on Form S-8, Form S-4 or any similar form, a
registration statement filed in connection with a share exchange or an offering
solely to IKS Holdings' employees or existing stockholders, or a registration
statement registering a unit offering) (a "Qualifying Offering"), IKS Holdings
will use its best efforts to allow the other parties to the Holdings
Registration Rights Agreement to have their shares of Holdings Common Stock (or
a portion of their shares under certain circumstances) included in such offering
of Holdings Common Stock if the registration form proposed to be used may be
used to register such shares. Registration expenses of the selling stockholders
(other than underwriting fees, brokerage fees and transfer taxes applicable to
the shares sold by such stockholders or the fees and expenses of any accountants
or other representatives retained by a selling stockholder) are to be paid by
IKS Holdings.
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
It is currently contemplated that IKS Holdings will adopt the Plan,
pursuant to which Participants will be offered the opportunity to purchase
Holdings Class A Stock. The Participants will be given the opportunity to
acquire or be granted options to acquire an aggregate of up to 10% of the
Holdings Class A Stock outstanding on a fully-diluted basis.
57
<PAGE> 60
In addition, upon the Participants' purchase of Holdings Class A Stock or
the acquisition of options to purchase such stock, the Participants will become
subject to the terms and conditions of the Stockholders' Agreement. See
"-- Stockholders' Agreement." In addition to the restrictions set forth above,
the Stockholders' Agreement also provides the following restrictions with
respect to the Participants: (i) the Incentive Shares acquired by a Participant
will be subject to repurchase by IKS Holdings or its designee if such
Participant's employment with the Company is terminated within five years after
the closing of the management offering at formula prices which will vary based
upon the time and circumstance of such termination, (ii) IKS Holdings will
receive a right of first refusal through the fifth anniversary of the closing of
the management offering on all common stock acquired by a Participant pursuant
to the Plan and (iii) if holders of a majority of Holdings Class A Stock approve
a sale of IKS Holdings, Participants will consent to such sale.
OTHER
In connection with the Recapitalization, Arndt Klingelnberg, Diether
Klingelnberg and CVC entered into an agreement pursuant to which their ownership
percentages of the Holdings Preferred Stock and the Holdings Debentures may be
adjusted. Upon the occurrence of certain events, their respective ownership
percentages of Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings Debentures will be adjusted
so that they will be pro rata with their respective ownership percentages of
Holdings Common Stock.
58
<PAGE> 61
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
On July 25, 1996, in connection with the Realty Acquisition, the Company
purchased all of the general and limited partnership interests of a limited
partnership controlled by members of the Klingelnberg family for an aggregate of
approximately $5.6 million. As a result of such transaction, the Company became
the sole remaining partner of the limited partnership and the limited
partnership was dissolved. In winding up the affairs of the limited partnership,
the Company conveyed, for no consideration, all of the property owned by the
limited partnership to itself individually. Such property consisted primarily of
real property located in the states of Alabama, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine and
South Carolina which had previously been under capital lease to the Company.
Prior to the Realty Acquisition, the Company leased such property from the
limited partnership. Such lease payments aggregated approximately $662,000 for
the year ended December 31, 1995.
From time to time the Company or its affiliates have made loans to certain
of the Company's officers and directors. Diether Klingelnberg, President and
Chief Executive Officer during 1995, has been indebted to the Company or an
affiliate of the Company in the amount of $100,000 since July 1981. Such
indebtedness is evidenced by a promissory note bearing interest at a rate of
5.05% per annum. On April 11, 1996, the Company also advanced to Mr.
Klingelnberg an additional $50,000 at a quarterly interest rate of 5.33%. In
April and June, 1996, the Company also paid a total of $48,500 of taxes on
behalf of Mr. Klingelnberg, with such amount to be repaid at a quarterly
interest rate of approximately 5.5%. On September 1, 1996, Mr. Klingelnberg paid
in full all amounts due and owing to the Company. In addition, on March 1, 1996,
the Company loaned to Edward Brent, the former Chief Financial Officer of the
Company, $135,000 in aggregate principal amount evidenced by a three year
promissory note bearing interest at a rate of 5.05% per annum. The loan was
repaid in full upon consummation of the Transactions.
In connection with the Recapitalization, IKS Holdings entered into a letter
agreement with Mr. Halloran pursuant to which IKS Holdings loaned to Mr.
Halloran an amount equal to the income taxes which were incurred by him in
respect of the securities received by him as a part of the Recapitalization
Distribution. The loan is secured by a pledge of the securities and the recourse
to the Company for repayment of the loan is limited to the securities. The loan
bears interest at the "applicable federal rate" under the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended, and the Company will make payments to Mr. Halloran in
amounts sufficient to permit him to pay such interest payments.
The Company previously borrowed certain funds from IKS Holdings from time
to time on a demand basis. Immediately prior to the consummation of the
Transactions, the Company was indebted to IKS Holdings in the amount of
approximately $11.0 million, which amount bore interest at a rate of 6.9% per
annum, adjusted from time to time to reflect market conditions. Such loan was
repaid in connection with the Transactions. See "The Transactions" and "Use of
Proceeds."
59
<PAGE> 62
DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS
The following is a summary of certain indebtedness of the Company, a
subsidiary of the Company and IKS Holdings. To the extent such summary contains
descriptions of the Senior Credit Facility and other loan documents, such
descriptions do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety
by reference to such documents.
SENIOR CREDIT FACILITY
In connection with the Transactions, Deutsche Bank (the "Bank") provided a
revolving credit facility (the "Senior Credit Facility") to the Company for up
to $20.0 million of revolving loans. Borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility
are available for working capital and general corporate purposes, including
letters of credit. The Senior Credit Facility is secured by first priority liens
on all accounts receivable and inventory of the Company and, in the event
certain financial ratios are not met, certain designated fixed assets. The
Company did not draw upon the Senior Credit Facility in connection with the
Transactions.
The Senior Credit Facility expires on December 31, 2000, unless extended.
The interest rate per annum applicable to the Senior Credit Facility is LIBOR
plus 1.25%. The Senior Credit Facility permits the Company to prepay loans and
to permanently reduce revolving credit commitments or letters of credit, in
whole or in part, at any time in certain minimum amounts. The Company is
required to pay certain fees in connection with the Senior Credit Facility,
including a commitment fee of 0.25% on the undrawn portion of the revolving
credit commitments.
The Senior Credit Facility contains certain other terms and conditions,
covenants and events of default.
SUBSIDIARY INDEBTEDNESS
The following discussion assumes a conversion rate from deutsche marks to
dollars of 1.5.
The Bank and a Bank sponsored government program ("KfW") have made
available to the Company's wholly owned subsidiary, IKS Klingelnberg GmbH
("GmbH"), a term loan (the "Existing German Credit Facility"), of which $5.5
million was outstanding upon consummation of the Transactions. The Existing
German Credit Facility is comprised of four separate commitments with maturities
through 2003 at variable rates of interest from 3.9% to 6.25%. The Existing
German Credit Facility is secured by, among other things, liens on the real
property of GmbH and its subsidiary. The Existing German Credit Facility also
contains certain other terms and conditions, covenants and events of default.
In connection with the Transactions, the Bank and KfW provided a new credit
facility to GmbH (the "New German Credit Facility" and, together with the
Existing German Credit Facility, the "German Subsidiary Facilities") which
consists of a $5.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility which may be
used for working capital purposes. The New German Credit Facility bears interest
at the option of GmbH at a per annum rate equal to, either Euro-LIBOR (presently
3.1%) plus 0.50% per annum, the "Bill Credit Rate" (presently 2.5%) plus 0.50%
per annum or the "Regular Overdraft Rate" (presently 6.5%) and has a final
maturity date of December 31, 2000, unless extended. The obligations of the
Company under the New German Credit Facility are secured by a first priority
lien on the real property owned by the Company in Bergisch Born, Germany. The
New German Credit Facility contains certain other terms and conditions,
covenants and events of default, including the maintenance of a minimum equity
of 30% of total German asset value and the maintenance of positive cash flow.
HOLDINGS DEBENTURES
In connection with the Recapitalization, IKS Holdings issued an aggregate
of $12.0 million original principal amount of Holdings Debentures, designated as
Junior Subordinated Notes. The Holdings Debentures bear interest at a rate of
12.0% per annum and all interest due on the Holdings
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<PAGE> 63
Debentures prior to their maturity shall be paid by adding such interest to the
then outstanding principal amount of such notes. Such amount shall accrue
interest as a portion of the principal amount of the Holdings Debentures from
the applicable interest payment date. The Holdings Debentures contain certain
covenants by IKS Holdings in favor of the holders of the Holdings Debentures
(the "Holdings Debenture Holders") including, but not limited to: (i)
restrictions on the payment by IKS Holdings of dividends and the purchase,
redemption or prepayment by IKS Holdings and its subsidiaries of its capital
stock or indebtedness which is, by its terms or by operation of law, junior in
right of payment to the Holdings Debentures, and (ii) restrictions on
subsidiaries entering into agreements restricting their ability to pay dividends
or make certain other distributions to IKS Holdings or any subsidiary of IKS
Holdings. The Holdings Debentures are subordinated to IKS Holdings' obligations
(including guarantees, if any, from time to time) under the Senior Credit
Facility, the Notes and any other indebtedness of IKS Holdings, other than
indebtedness which by its terms is pari passu or junior in right of payment to
the Holdings Debentures (the "Holdings Senior Debt"). Until such Holdings Senior
Debt is paid in full, IKS Holdings may not make any payment of principal or
interest to the Holdings Debenture Holders: (i) following the maturity of any
Holdings Senior Debt (either by lapse, acceleration or otherwise), (ii)
following a payment default on Holdings Senior Debt or (iii) following a
nonpayment default on Holdings Senior Debt (until such non-payment default shall
have been cured or waived). Except for certain events of bankruptcy, the consent
of Holdings Debenture Holders holding a majority in principal amount of the
Holdings Debentures is required to accelerate the payment of principal upon an
event of default. If any Holdings Senior Debt is outstanding at the time of an
acceleration of the Holdings Debentures, the Holdings Debentures will become due
and payable upon the earlier of acceleration of such Holdings Senior Debt and
thirty days following notice of acceleration of the Holdings Debentures being
given to the agent for Holdings Senior Debt holders. An event of default under
the Holdings Debentures will include, among other things, a "change in control",
provided that the holders of the Holdings Debentures may not accelerate or
exercise any other remedy with respect to the Holdings Debentures in the event
of a change in control so long as any amounts remain outstanding under the
Senior Credit Facility or the Notes.
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<PAGE> 64
DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES
GENERAL
The Existing Notes were issued under the Indenture, dated as of November 6,
1996, by and between the Company and United States Trust Company of New York, as
trustee (the "Trustee"). The terms of the Indenture apply to the Existing Notes
and to the New Notes to be issued in exchange therefor pursuant to the Exchange
Offer (all such Notes being referred to herein collectively as the "Notes").
Upon the issuance of the New Notes, if any, or the effectiveness of a Shelf
Registration Statement (as defined below), the Indenture will be subject to and
governed by the Trust Indenture Act. As used in this "Description of the Notes"
section, references to the "Company" means International Knife & Saw, Inc., but
not any of its subsidiaries (unless the context otherwise requires).
The following is a summary of the material provisions of the Indenture.
This summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the detailed
provisions of, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the Trust
Indenture Act, the Notes and the Indenture, including the definitions of certain
terms contained therein and including those terms made part of the Indenture by
reference to the Trust Indenture Act. A copy of the form of Indenture may be
obtained from the Company. The definitions of certain terms used in the
following summary are set forth below under "-- Certain Definitions." Reference
is made to the Indenture for the full definition of all such terms, as well as
any other capitalized terms used herein for which no definition is provided.
MATURITY AND INTEREST
The Notes are unsecured senior subordinated obligations of the Company
limited in aggregate principal amount to $90,000,000. The Notes mature on
November 15, 2006. Interest on the Notes accrues at the rate of 11 3/8% per
annum and is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 in each
year, commencing on May 15, 1997, to holders of record on the immediately
preceding May 1 and November 1, respectively. Interest on the Notes accrues from
the most recent date to which interest has been paid or, if no interest has been
paid, from the date of the original issuance of the Notes (the "Issue Date").
Interest is computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day
months.
Principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes is payable at the
office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose in The City of New
York or, at the option of the Company, payment of interest may be made by check
mailed to the holders of the Notes at their respective addresses as set forth in
the register of holders of Notes. Until otherwise designated by the Company, the
Company's office or agency in The City of New York will be the office of the
Trustee maintained for such purpose. The Notes are issued in fully registered
form, without coupons, and in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples
thereof. No service charge will be made for any transfer, exchange or redemption
of Notes, except in certain circumstances for any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in connection therewith.
REDEMPTION
Mandatory Redemption. The Notes are not subject to any mandatory sinking
fund redemption prior to maturity.
Optional Redemption. The Notes are redeemable at the option of the
Company, in whole or in part, at any time on or after November 15, 2001 at the
redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount of the
Notes) set forth below plus in each case accrued and
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<PAGE> 65
unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, if redeemed during the
twelve-month period beginning on November 15 of the years indicated below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR PERCENTAGE
--------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
<S> <C>
2001........................................................... 105.688%
2002........................................................... 103.792%
2003........................................................... 101.896%
2004 and thereafter............................................ 100.000%
</TABLE>
In addition, at any time or from time to time on or prior to November 15,
1999, the Company may, at its option, redeem up to $30 million aggregate
principal amount of the Notes with the net proceeds of one or more Public Equity
Offerings, at a redemption price equal to 111 3/8% of the principal amount
thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption;
provided, however, that (x) not less than $60 million aggregate principal amount
of the Notes is outstanding immediately after giving effect to any such
redemption (other than any Notes owned by the Company or any of its Affiliates)
and (y) such redemption is effected within 90 days after the consummation of any
such Public Equity Offering.
"Public Equity Offering" means an underwritten public offering of Capital
Stock (other than Disqualified Capital Stock) of the Company or IKS Holdings
pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities Act;
provided, however, that in the event of a Public Equity Offering by IKS
Holdings, IKS Holdings shall contribute to the capital of the Company the
portion of the net cash proceeds of such Public Equity Offering necessary to pay
the aggregate redemption price, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the
redemption date, of the Notes to be redeemed pursuant to the preceding
paragraph.
Selection and Notice. If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at
any time, selection of the Notes to be redeemed will be made by the Trustee in
compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange,
if any, on which the Notes are listed or, if the Notes are not listed on a
securities exchange, on a pro rata basis or by lot or any other method as the
Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate; provided, however, that Notes redeemed
in part shall only be redeemed in integral multiples of $1,000; provided,
further, that any such redemption pursuant to the provisions relating to a
Public Equity Offering shall be made on a pro rata basis or on as nearly a pro
rata basis as practicable (subject to the procedures of The Depository Trust
Company or any other depositary), unless such method is otherwise prohibited.
Notices of any optional or mandatory redemption shall be mailed by first class
mail at least 30 but not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each
holder of Notes to be redeemed at such holder's registered address. If any Note
is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to such
Note shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and
the Trustee shall authenticate and mail to the holder of the original Note a new
Note in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Note
promptly after the original Note has been canceled. On and after the redemption
date, interest will cease to accrue on Notes or portions thereof called for
redemption.
SUBORDINATION
The payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on, or
Liquidated Damages, if any, with respect to, the Notes is subordinated, as set
forth in the Indenture, in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all
existing and future Senior Debt (including the indebtedness under the Senior
Credit Facility). The Notes are senior subordinated indebtedness of the Company
ranking pari passu with all other existing and future senior subordinated
indebtedness of the Company.
Upon any payment or distribution of cash, securities or other property of
the Company to creditors upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Company, or in a bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, receivership or similar
proceeding relating to the Company or its property or securities, an assignment
for the benefit of creditors or any marshalling of the
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Company's assets or liabilities, the holders of any Senior Debt of the Company
will be entitled to receive payment in full, in cash or Cash Equivalents, of all
Obligations due in respect of such Senior Debt (including interest after the
commencement of any such proceeding at the rate specified in the agreements
governing such Senior Debt) before the holders of the Notes or the Trustee on
behalf of such holders will be entitled to receive any payment or distribution
with respect to the Notes.
The Company also may not make any payment upon or in respect of the Notes
(except from the trust described under "-- Defeasance" below) if (i) a default
in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any
Designated Senior Debt occurs and is continuing, whether at maturity or on a
date fixed for prepayment or by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, or
(ii) the Trustee has received written notice ("Payment Blockage Notice") from
the representative of any holders of Designated Senior Debt that a nonpayment
default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such Designated Senior
Debt that permits such holders to accelerate the maturity of such Designated
Senior Debt. Payments on the Notes shall resume (and all past due amounts on the
Notes, with interest thereon as specified in the Indenture, shall be paid) (i)
in the case of a payment default in respect of any Designated Senior Debt, on
the date on which such default is cured or waived or otherwise ceases to exist;
and (ii) in the case of a nonpayment default in respect of any Designated Senior
Debt, on the earlier of (a) the date on which such nonpayment default is cured
or waived, or (b) 179 days after the date on which the Payment Blockage Notice
with respect to such default was received by the Trustee, in each case, unless
the maturity of any Designated Senior Debt has been accelerated and the Company
has defaulted with respect to the payment of such Designated Senior Debt, or (c)
the date on which such Payment Blockage Period (as defined below) shall have
been terminated by written notice to the Company or the Trustee from the
representative of the holders of Designated Senior Debt initiating such Payment
Blockage Period. During any consecutive 365-day period, the aggregate number of
days in which payments due on the Notes may not be made as a result of
nonpayment defaults on Designated Senior Debt (a "Payment Blockage Period")
shall not exceed 179 days, and there shall be a period of at least 186
consecutive days in each consecutive 365-day period during which no Payment
Blockage Period is in effect. No event or circumstance that creates a nonpayment
default under any Designated Senior Debt that (i) gives rise to the commencement
of a Payment Blockage Period or (ii) exists at the commencement of or during any
Payment Blockage Period shall be made the basis for the commencement of any
subsequent Payment Blockage Period unless such default has been cured or waived
for a period of not less than 90 consecutive days.
As a result of the subordination provisions described above, holders of
Notes may recover less ratably than creditors holding Senior Debt of the
Company. In such circumstances, funds which would otherwise be payable to the
holders of the Notes will be paid to the holders of the Senior Debt to the
extent necessary to pay the Senior Debt in full in cash or Cash Equivalents, and
the Company may be unable to meet its obligations fully with respect to the
Notes.
If the Company fails to make any payment on the Notes when due or within
any applicable grace period, whether or not on account of the payment blockage
provisions referred to above, such failure would constitute an Event of Default
under the Indenture and would enable the holders of the Notes to accelerate the
maturity thereof. See "-- Events of Default."
As of September 30, 1996, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to
Transactions, there would have been no Senior Debt of the Company outstanding,
exclusive of unused commitments of $20.0 million that may be borrowed by the
Company under the Senior Credit Facility.
The Notes are also effectively subordinated to all existing and future
liabilities, including indebtedness, of the Company's Subsidiaries. As of
September 30, 1996, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the
Transactions, the Company's Subsidiaries would have had indebtedness of
approximately $5.5 million (excluding China joint venture indebtedness of
approximately $3.8 million, which is non-recourse to the Company, and excluding
unused commitments of $5.0 million) and other liabilities of approximately $7.9
million reflected on the Company's
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consolidated balance sheet. Claims of creditors of the Company's Subsidiaries,
including trade creditors, will generally have priority as to the assets of such
Subsidiaries over the claims of the Company and the holders of the Company's
indebtedness, including the Notes.
CHANGE OF CONTROL
In the event of a Change of Control, each holder of Notes will have the
right, unless the Company has given a notice of redemption, subject to the terms
and conditions of the Indenture, to require the Company to offer to purchase all
or any portion (equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) of such
holder's Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate
principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date
of purchase, in accordance with the terms set forth below (a "Change of Control
Offer").
Other debt instruments of the Company may in the future restrict the
Company's ability to purchase Notes pursuant to a Change of Control Offer.
Moreover, such debt instruments may contain a "change of control" provision that
is similar to the provision in the Indenture relating to a Change of Control,
and the occurrence of such a "change of control" would constitute a default
under such debt instruments. The Company's obligations under such debt
instruments may represent obligations senior in right of payment to the Notes,
and such debt instruments may not permit the purchase of the Notes absent
consent of the lenders thereunder in the event of a Change of Control.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the failure of the Company to effect a Change of
Control Offer would constitute an Event of Default under the Indenture.
If the Company is unable to obtain the requisite consents and/or repay all
indebtedness which restricts the Company's ability to repurchase the Notes upon
the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company may not be able to commence a
Change of Control Offer to purchase the Notes within 30 days of the occurrence
of the Change of Control. Such failure would constitute an Event of Default
under the Indenture. If a Change of Control were to occur, there can be no
assurance that the Company would have sufficient assets to first satisfy its
obligations under any other agreements relating to indebtedness, if accelerated,
and then to purchase all of the Notes that might be delivered by holders seeking
to accept a Change of Control Offer.
On or before the 30th day following the occurrence of any Change of
Control, the Company shall mail to each holder of Notes at such holder's
registered address a notice stating: (i) that a Change of Control has occurred
and that such holder has the right to require the Company to purchase all or a
portion (equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) of such holder's Notes
at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount
thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (the
"Change of Control Purchase Date"), which shall be a business day, specified in
such notice, that is not earlier than 30 days or later than 60 days from the
date such notice is mailed, (ii) the amount of accrued and unpaid interest, if
any, as of the Change of Control Purchase Date, (iii) that any Note not tendered
will continue to accrue interest, (iv) that, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of the purchase price for the Notes payable pursuant to the Change of
Control Offer, any Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control
Offer shall cease to accrue interest on the Change of Control Purchase Date, (v)
the procedures, consistent with the Indenture, to be followed by a holder of
Notes in order to accept a Change of Control Offer or to withdraw such
acceptance, and (vi) such other information as may be required by the Indenture
and applicable laws and regulations.
On the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company will (x) accept for
payment all Notes or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Change of Control
Offer, (y) deposit with the Paying Agent the aggregate purchase price of all
Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment, and (z) deliver or cause to be
delivered to the Trustee all Notes tendered pursuant to the Change of Control
Offer. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to each holder of Notes or portions
thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the purchase price for such
Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, and the Trustee shall
promptly authenticate and mail to each holder
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of Notes accepted for payment in part a new Note equal in principal amount to
any unpurchased portion of the Notes, and any Note not accepted for payment in
whole or in part shall be promptly returned to the holder of such Note. On and
after a Change of Control Purchase Date, interest will cease to accrue on the
Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment, unless the Company defaults in
the payment of the purchase price therefor. The Company will publicly announce
the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after
the Change of Control Purchase Date.
The Company will comply with the applicable tender offer rules, including
the requirements of Section 14(e) and Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act, and all
other applicable securities laws and regulations in connection with any Change
of Control Offer and will be deemed not to be in violation of any of the
covenants under the Indenture to the extent such compliance is in conflict with
such covenants.
CERTAIN COVENANTS
Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness. The Indenture provides that the
Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create,
incur, issue, assume or directly or indirectly guarantee or in any other manner
become directly or indirectly liable for ("incur") any Indebtedness (including
Acquired Debt), except that the Company may incur Indebtedness (including
Acquired Debt) if, at the time of, and immediately after giving pro forma effect
to, such incurrence of Indebtedness, the Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio
of the Company for the most recently ended four fiscal quarters would be at
least 2.0 to 1.0 if incurred during the period from the Issue Date through
November 15, 1998, and 2.25 to 1.0 if incurred thereafter.
The foregoing limitations do not apply to the incurrence of any of the
following (collectively, "Permitted Indebtedness"), each of which are given
independent effect:
(i) Indebtedness of the Company arising under the Senior Credit
Facility and Indebtedness of IKS Klingelnberg GmbH and its Subsidiaries
arising under the German Subsidiary Facilities, in an aggregate principal
amount not to exceed at any time outstanding the greater of (x) $30.0
million, less any permanent reduction in commitments thereunder, and (y)
the sum, at such time, of (I) 85% of the consolidated book value of net
accounts receivable of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries and (II)
60% of the consolidated book value of inventory of the Company and the
Restricted Subsidiaries;
(ii) Indebtedness of the Company represented by the Notes and the
Exchange Notes;
(iii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary not
covered by any other clause of this paragraph which is outstanding on the
Issue Date ("Existing Indebtedness"), including certain Indebtedness of IKS
Klingelnberg GmbH under the German Subsidiary Facilities outstanding on the
Issue Date;
(iv) Indebtedness owed by any Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or
to another Restricted Subsidiary, or owed by the Company to any Restricted
Subsidiary; provided, however, that any such Indebtedness shall at all
times be held by a Person which is either the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary; provided, further, however, that upon either (a) the transfer
or other disposition of any such Indebtedness to a Person other than the
Company or another Restricted Subsidiary or (b) the sale, transfer or other
disposition of shares of Capital Stock (including by consolidation or
merger) of any such Restricted Subsidiary to a Person other than the
Company or another Restricted Subsidiary, the incurrence of such
Indebtedness shall be deemed to be an incurrence that is not permitted by
this clause (iv);
(v) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary arising
with respect to Interest Rate Agreement Obligations and Currency Agreement
Obligations incurred for the purpose of fixing or hedging interest rate
risk or currency risk with respect to any fixed or floating rate
Indebtedness that is permitted by the terms of the Indenture to be
outstanding or
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with respect to any receivable or liability the payment of which is
determined by reference to a foreign currency;
(vi) Indebtedness represented by performance, completion, guarantee,
surety and similar bonds provided by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice;
(vii) Any Indebtedness incurred in connection with or given in
exchange for the renewal, extension, substitution, refunding, defeasance,
refinancing or replacement, in whole or in part, (a "refinancing") of any
Indebtedness incurred as permitted under the first paragraph of this
covenant or any Indebtedness described in clauses (ii) or (iii) above and
this clause (vii) ("Refinancing Indebtedness"); provided, however, that (a)
the principal amount of such Refinancing Indebtedness shall not exceed the
principal amount (or accreted amount, if less) of the Indebtedness so
refinanced (plus the premiums and reasonable expenses to be paid in
connection therewith, which, with respect to such premiums, shall not
exceed the stated amount of any premium or other payment required to be
paid in connection with such a refinancing pursuant to the terms of the
Indebtedness being refinanced); (b) if the Weighted Average Life to
Maturity of the Indebtedness being refinanced is equal to or greater than
the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Notes, the Refinancing
Indebtedness shall have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or
greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness
being refinanced; (c) with respect to Refinancing Indebtedness other than
Senior Debt incurred by the Company, such Refinancing Indebtedness shall
rank no more senior than, and, if applicable, shall be at least as
subordinated in right of payment to the Notes as, the Indebtedness being
refinanced; and (d) the obligor on such Refinancing Indebtedness shall be
the obligor on the Indebtedness being refinanced or the Company;
(viii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (a)
representing Capitalized Lease Obligations and any refinancings thereof
and/or (b) in respect of Purchase Money Obligations for property acquired,
constructed or improved in the ordinary course of business and any
refinancings thereof, which taken together in the aggregate do not exceed
$5 million at any time outstanding;
(ix) commodity agreements entered into in the ordinary course of
business to protect against fluctuations in the prices of raw materials and
not for speculative purposes;
(x) Indebtedness incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
constituting reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit
issued in the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation,
letters of credit in respect of workers' compensation claims or
self-insurance, or other Indebtedness with respect to reimbursement type
obligations regarding workers' compensation claims or self-insurance;
(xi) (a) Guarantees by the Company of Indebtedness of a Restricted
Subsidiary permitted to be incurred under the Indenture, (b) Guarantees by
any Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with the covenant entitled
"-- Guarantees" below and (c) Guarantees by any Restricted Subsidiary of
Senior Debt so long as such Restricted Subsidiary executes a Guarantee of
the Notes on a senior subordinated basis;
(xii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary arising
from agreements providing for indemnification, adjustment of purchase price
or similar obligations, in each case incurred or assumed in connection with
the disposition of any business, assets or a Subsidiary, other than
Guarantees of Indebtedness incurred by any Person acquiring all or any
portion of such business, assets or a Subsidiary for the purpose of
financing such acquisition; provided that the maximum liability in respect
of such Indebtedness shall not exceed the gross proceeds actually received
by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with such
disposition; and
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(xiii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in
addition to that described in clauses (i) through (xii) above, and any
renewals, extensions, substitutions, refinancings or replacements of such
Indebtedness, so long as the aggregate principal amount of all such
Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (xiii) does not exceed $5.0
million at any one time outstanding (which may be, but shall not be
required to be, incurred, in whole or in part, under the Senior Credit
Facility or the German Subsidiary Facilities).
For purposes of determining any particular amount of Indebtedness under
this covenant, Guarantees, Liens or obligations with respect to letters of
credit supporting Indebtedness otherwise included in the determination of such
particular amount shall not be included.
Indebtedness of any Person which is outstanding at the time such Person
becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with
the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to have been incurred at
the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into
or consolidated with the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, and Indebtedness
which is assumed at the time of the acquisition of any asset shall be deemed to
have been incurred at the time of such acquisition.
Limitation on Restricted Payments. The Indenture provides that the Company
will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or
indirectly, make any Restricted Payment, unless at the time of and immediately
after giving effect to the proposed Restricted Payment (with the value of any
such Restricted Payment, if other than cash, to be determined reasonably and in
good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company):
(i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof;
(ii) the Company could incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness
(other than Permitted Indebtedness) pursuant to the covenant described
under "-- Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness"; and
(iii) the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments made after the
Issue Date shall not exceed the sum of:
(a) an amount equal to 50% of the Company's aggregate cumulative
Consolidated Net Income accrued on a cumulative basis during the period
(treated as one accounting period) beginning on the Issue Date and
ending on the date of such proposed Restricted Payment (or, if such
aggregate cumulative Consolidated Net Income for such period shall be a
deficit, minus 100% of such deficit); plus
(b) the aggregate amount of all net cash proceeds received since
the Issue Date by the Company from the issuance and sale (other than to
a Restricted Subsidiary) of, or equity contribution with respect to,
Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) and the principal amount
of Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary that has
been converted into or exchanged for Capital Stock (other than
Disqualified Stock), in any such case to the extent that such proceeds
are not used (x) to redeem, repurchase, retire or otherwise acquire
Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary pursuant to clause (ii) of the next paragraph or (y) to make
any Restricted Investment pursuant to clause (iv) of the next paragraph;
plus
(c) the amount of the net reduction in Investments in Unrestricted
Subsidiaries resulting from (x) the payment of dividends or the
repayment in cash of the principal of loans or the cash return on any
Investment, in each case to the extent received by the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary from Unrestricted Subsidiaries, (y) the release or
extinguishment of any guarantee of Indebtedness of any Unrestricted
Subsidiary, and (z) the redesignation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries as
Restricted Subsidiaries (valued as provided in the definition of
"Investment"), such aggregate amount of the net reduction in
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Investments not to exceed in the case of any Unrestricted Subsidiary the
amount of Restricted Investments previously made by the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary in such Unrestricted Subsidiary, which amount was
included in the calculation of the amount of Restricted Payments; plus
(d) to the extent that any Restricted Investment that was made
after the Issue Date is sold for cash or otherwise liquidated or repaid
for cash, the amount of cash proceeds received with respect to such
Restricted Investment, net of taxes and the cost of disposition, not to
exceed the amount of Restricted Investments made after the Issue Date.
The foregoing provisions do not prohibit the following actions
(collectively, "Permitted Payments"):
(i) the payment of any dividend within 60 days after the date of
declaration thereof, if at such declaration date such payment would have
been permitted under the Indenture (which payment shall be deemed to have
been paid on such date of declaration for purposes of clause (iii) of the
preceding paragraph);
(ii) the redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition of
any Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of the proceeds of, the substantially
concurrent sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary) of, or equity
contribution with respect to, Capital Stock of the Company (other than any
Disqualified Stock);
(iii) any purchase or defeasance of Subordinated Indebtedness to the
extent required upon a Change of Control or Asset Sale (as defined therein)
by the indenture or other agreement or instrument pursuant to which such
Subordinated Indebtedness was issued, but only if the Company (x) in the
case of a Change of Control, has complied with its obligations under the
provisions described under "-- Change of Control" or (y) in the case of an
Asset Sale, has applied the Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale in accordance
with the provisions described under "-- Limitation on Asset Sales";
(iv) any Restricted Investment the sole consideration for which
consists of, or is made with the proceeds of the substantially concurrent
sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary) of, or equity contribution
with respect to, Capital Stock of the Company (other than any Disqualified
Stock);
(v) the making of payments by the Company to IKS Holdings in an amount
not in excess of the income tax liability that the Company and its
Subsidiaries would have been liable for if the Company and its Subsidiaries
had filed consolidated tax returns on a stand-alone basis;
(vi) distributions, loans or advances to IKS Holdings in an aggregate
amount not to exceed $50,000 per annum sufficient to permit IKS Holdings to
pay the ordinary operating expenses of IKS Holdings (including, without
limitation, reasonable directors' fees and expenses, indemnification
obligations and professional fees and expenses) directly related to IKS
Holdings' ownership of Capital Stock of the Company (other than any
expenses of CVC or any of its Affiliates);
(vii) payments to IKS Holdings in amounts and at times necessary to
permit the repurchase of Holdings Common Stock, Holdings Preferred Stock
and Holdings Debentures from directors, officers and employees of the
Company and its Subsidiaries who have died or whose employment has been
terminated; provided that such payments shall not exceed $500,000 in any
fiscal year plus any amount available for such payments hereunder since the
Issue Date which have not been used for such purpose; provided, further,
that in no event shall such payments exceed $2.0 million in any fiscal
year;
(viii) loans or advances to employees of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries which loans or advances exist on the Issue Date, a loan to
John E. Halloran, the Company's President
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and Chief Executive Officer, to pay income taxes which will be incurred by
him in connection with the Recapitalization not to exceed $250,000 and
other loans or advances to employees of the Company or any Subsidiary to
pay reasonable relocation expenses; and
(ix) Restricted Investments in an amount such that the sum of the
aggregate amount of Restricted Investments made pursuant to this clause
(ix) after the Issue Date does not exceed $2.0 million at any one time
outstanding;
provided, however, that in the case of clauses (iii), (vii), (viii) and (ix) of
this paragraph, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing.
For purposes of clause (iii) of the first paragraph of this covenant, the
Permitted Payments referred to in clauses (i), (vii) and (ix) above shall be
included in the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments made since the Issue
Date, and any other Permitted Payments described above shall be excluded.
Limitation on Asset Sales. The Indenture provides that the Company will
not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make any Asset Sale
unless (i) the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be,
receives consideration at the time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the fair
market value (as evidenced by a resolution of the Board of Directors set forth
in an Officers' Certificate delivered to the Trustee) of the assets or other
property sold or disposed of in the Asset Sale and (ii) at least 75% of such
consideration consists of either cash or Cash Equivalents; provided, however,
that for purposes of this covenant, "cash" shall include (x) the amount of any
Indebtedness (other than any Indebtedness that is by its terms subordinated to
the Notes) of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary as shown on the
Company's or such Restricted Subsidiary's most recent balance sheet or in the
notes thereto that is assumed by the transferee of any such assets or other
property in such Asset Sale (and excluding any liabilities that are incurred in
connection with or in anticipation of such Asset Sale), but only to the extent
that such assumption is effected on a basis such that there is no further
recourse to the Company or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to
such liabilities and (y) any notes, obligations or securities received by the
Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted
within 60 days by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash (to the
extent of the cash received).
Within 270 days after any Asset Sale, the Company or the applicable
Restricted Subsidiary may elect to apply the Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale
to (a) permanently reduce any Senior Debt of the Company or any Indebtedness of
the applicable Restricted Subsidiary and/or (b) make an investment in, or
acquire assets and properties that will be used in, the business of the Company
and the Restricted Subsidiaries existing on the Issue Date or in businesses
reasonably related thereto. Pending the final application of any such Net
Proceeds, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may temporarily reduce
Indebtedness of the Company under the Senior Credit Facility or temporarily
invest such Net Proceeds in any Investments described under clauses (i) through
(iii) of the definition of Permitted Investments. Any Net Proceeds from an Asset
Sale not applied or invested as provided in the first sentence of this paragraph
within 270 days of such Asset Sale will be deemed to constitute "Excess
Proceeds."
Each date that the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds in respect of which
an Asset Sale Offer (as defined below) has not been made exceeds $5.0 million
shall be deemed an "Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date." As soon as practicable, but
in no event later than 20 business days after each Asset Sale Offer Trigger
Date, the Company shall commence an offer (an "Asset Sale Offer") to purchase
the maximum principal amount of Notes that may be purchased out of the Excess
Proceeds. Any Notes to be purchased pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer shall be
purchased pro rata based on the aggregate principal amount of Notes outstanding,
and all Notes shall be purchased at an offer price in cash in an amount equal to
100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any,
to the date of purchase. To the extent that any Excess Proceeds remain after
completion of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company may use the remaining amount for
general corporate purposes otherwise permitted by the Indenture. In the event
that the Company is
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prohibited under the terms of any agreement governing outstanding Senior Debt of
the Company from repurchasing Notes with Excess Proceeds pursuant to an Asset
Sale Offer as set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph, the Company
shall promptly use all Excess Proceeds to permanently reduce such outstanding
Senior Debt of the Company. Upon the consummation of any Asset Sale Offer, the
amount of Excess Proceeds shall be deemed to be reset to zero.
Notice of an Asset Sale Offer shall be mailed by the Company not later than
the 20th business day after the related Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date to each
holder of Notes at such holder's registered address, stating: (i) that an Asset
Sale Offer Trigger Date has occurred and that the Company is offering to
purchase the maximum principal amount of Notes that may be purchased out of the
Excess Proceeds (to the extent provided in the immediately preceding paragraph),
at an offer price in cash in an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount
thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of the purchase
(the "Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date"), which shall be a business day, specified
in such notice, that is not earlier than 30 days or later than 60 days from the
date such notice is mailed, (ii) the amount of accrued and unpaid interest, if
any, as of the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, (iii) that any Note not tendered
will continue to accrue interest, (iv) that, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of the purchase price for the Notes payable pursuant to the Asset Sale
Offer, any Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer shall
cease to accrue interest after the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, (v) the
procedures, consistent with the Indenture, to be followed by a holder of Notes
in order to accept an Asset Sale Offer or to withdraw such acceptance, and (vi)
such other information as may be required by the Indenture and applicable laws
and regulations.
On the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, the Company will (i) accept for
payment the maximum principal amount of Notes or portions thereof tendered
pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer that can be purchased out of Excess Proceeds
from such Asset Sale that are to be applied to an Asset Sale Offer, (ii) deposit
with the Paying Agent the aggregate purchase price of all Notes or portions
thereof accepted for payment, and (iii) deliver or cause to be delivered to the
Trustee all Notes tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer. If less than all
Notes tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer are accepted for payment by the
Company for any reason consistent with the Indenture, selection of the Notes to
be purchased by the Company shall be in compliance with the requirements of the
principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed
or, if the Notes are not so listed, on a pro rata basis or by lot; provided,
however, that Notes accepted for payment in part shall only be purchased in
integral multiples of $1,000. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to each
holder of Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the
purchase price for such Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon,
and the Trustee shall promptly authenticate and mail to such holder of Notes
accepted for payment in part a new Note equal in principal amount to any
unpurchased portion of the Notes, and any Note not accepted for payment in whole
or in part shall be promptly returned to the holder of such Note. On and after
an Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or
portions thereof accepted for payment, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of the purchase price therefor. The Company will publicly announce the
results of the Asset Sale Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Asset
Sale Offer Purchase Date.
The foregoing provisions do not apply to a transaction consummated in
compliance with the provisions of the Indenture described under "-- Merger,
Consolidation and Sale of Assets" below.
The Company will comply with the applicable tender offer rules, including
the requirements of Section 14(e) and Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act, and all
other applicable securities laws and regulations in connection with any Asset
Sale Offer and will be deemed not to be in violation of any of the covenants
under the Indenture to the extent such compliance is in conflict with such
covenants.
Limitation on Liens. The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and
will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, create,
incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien securing Indebtedness that is pari
passu with or subordinated in right of payment to the Notes
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(other than Permitted Liens) on any asset now owned or hereafter acquired, or
any income or profits therefrom, or assign or convey any right to receive income
therefrom to secure any such Indebtedness, unless (i) if such Lien secures
Indebtedness which is pari passu with the Notes, then the Notes are secured on
an equal and ratable basis with the obligations so secured until such time as
such obligation is no longer secured by a Lien or (ii) if such Lien secures
Indebtedness which is subordinated to the Notes, any such Lien shall be
subordinated to a Lien granted to the holders of the Notes in the same
collateral as that securing such Lien to the same extent as such subordinated
Indebtedness is subordinated to the Notes.
Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Restricted
Subsidiaries. The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not
permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, create or otherwise
cause to become effective any consensual encumbrance or consensual restriction
on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to (i) pay dividends or make any
other distributions to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary on its
Capital Stock or with respect to any other interest or participation in, or
measured by, its profits, or pay any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any
other Restricted Subsidiary, (ii) make loans or advances to, or issue Guarantees
for the benefit of, the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary or (iii)
transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company or any other Restricted
Subsidiary, except for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by
reason of (a) the Senior Credit Facility, (b) any German Subsidiary Facility,
(c) applicable law, (d) any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock
of an Acquired Person acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to the extent
such Indebtedness was incurred in connection with or in contemplation of such
acquisition); provided, however, that no such encumbrance or restriction is
applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than
the Acquired Person, (e) by reason of customary non-assignment, subletting or
net worth provisions in leases or other agreements entered into the ordinary
course of business and consistent with past practices, (f) Purchase Money
Indebtedness for property acquired in the ordinary course of business that
impose restrictions only on the property so acquired, (g) an agreement for the
sale or disposition of assets or the Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary;
provided, however, that such restriction or encumbrance is only applicable to
such Restricted Subsidiary or assets, as applicable, and such sale or
disposition otherwise is permitted by the provisions described under
"-- Limitation on Asset Sales"; provided, further, however, that such
restriction or encumbrance shall be effective only for a period from the
execution and delivery of such agreement through a termination date not later
than 270 days after such execution and delivery, (h) the Indenture and the
Notes, (i) Indebtedness (including Refinancing Indebtedness) permitted to be
incurred subsequent to the Issue Date pursuant to the provisions of the covenant
described under "-- Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness"; provided,
however, that any such restrictions are ordinary and customary with respect to
the type of Indebtedness being incurred, (j) encumbrances and restrictions
imposed by Liens incurred in accordance with the covenant described under
"-- Limitation on Liens", (k) customary provisions in joint venture agreements
and other similar agreements, and (l) encumbrances and restrictions imposed by
amendments, restatements, renewals, replacements or refinancings of the
contracts, instruments or obligations referred to in clauses (a) through (k)
above; provided that such encumbrances and restrictions are, in the good faith
judgment of the Company's Board of Directors, no more restrictive, in any
material respect, than those contained in such contracts, instruments or
obligations immediately prior to such amendment, restatement, renewal,
replacement or refinancing.
Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates. The Indenture provides that
the Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly
or indirectly, enter into or suffer to exist any transaction or series of
related transactions (including, without limitation, the sale, purchase,
exchange or lease of assets, property or services) with any Affiliate of the
Company unless (1) such transaction or series of transactions is on terms that
are no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case
may be, than those that could reasonably be obtainable at such time in a
comparable transaction in arm's-length dealings with an unrelated third party,
and
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(2) the Company delivers to the Trustee (a) with respect to any transaction or
series of transactions involving aggregate payments in excess of $500,000, an
Officers' Certificate certifying that such transaction or series of related
transactions complies with clause (1) above and (b) with respect to any
transaction or series of transactions involving aggregate payments in excess of
$2.0 million, an Officers' Certificate certifying that such transaction or
series of related transactions has been approved by a majority of the members of
the Board of Directors of the Company (and approved by a majority of the
Independent Directors or, in the event there is only one Independent Director,
by such Independent Director), and (c) with respect to any transaction or series
of transactions involving aggregate payments in excess of $5.0 million, an
opinion as to the fairness to the Company from a financial point of view issued
by an investment banking firm of national standing. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, this covenant will not apply to (i) employment agreements or
compensation or employee benefit arrangements with any officer, director or
employee of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entered into in
the ordinary course of business (including customary benefits thereunder and
including reimbursement or advancement of out-of-pocket expenses, and director's
and officer's liability insurance), (ii) any transaction entered into by or
among the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries with one or more
Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, (iii) any transaction permitted by the
second paragraph under "-- Limitation on Restricted Payments", (iv) transactions
permitted by, and complying with, the provisions described under "-- Merger,
Consolidation and Sale of Assets" and (v) transactions with suppliers or other
purchases or sales of goods or services, in each case in the ordinary course of
business (including, without limitation, pursuant to joint venture agreements)
and otherwise in compliance with the terms of the Indenture which, in the
reasonable determination of the Board of Directors of the Company, are on terms
no less favorable to the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries than those that
could reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated party.
Limitation on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries. The Indenture
provides that the Company will not designate any Subsidiary of the Company
(other than a newly created Subsidiary in which no Investment has previously
been made) as an "Unrestricted Subsidiary" under the Indenture (a "Designation")
unless:
(a) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or
after giving effect to such Designation;
(b) immediately after giving effect to such Designation, the Company
would be able to incur $1.00 of additional Indebtedness (other than
Permitted Indebtedness) under the covenant described under "-- Limitation
on Incurrence of Indebtedness"; and
(c) the Company would not be prohibited under the Indenture from
making an Investment at the time of Designation in an amount (the
"Designation Amount") equal to the greater of (x) the book value of such
Restricted Subsidiary on such date and (y) the Fair Market Value of such
Restricted Subsidiary on such date.
In the event of any such Designation, the Company shall be deemed to have made
an Investment constituting a Restricted Payment pursuant to the covenant
described under "-- Limitation on Restricted Payments" for all purposes of the
Indenture in an amount equal to the Designation Amount.
The Indenture further provides that the Company will not designate an
Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary (a "Redesignation"), unless:
(a) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of
and after giving effect to such Redesignation; and
(b) all Liens and Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary
outstanding immediately following such Redesignation shall be deemed to
have been incurred at such time and shall have been permitted to be
incurred for all purposes of the Indenture.
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An Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to be redesignated as a
Restricted Subsidiary at any time if (a) the Company or any other Restricted
Subsidiary (i) provides credit support for, or a guarantee of, any Indebtedness
of such Unrestricted Subsidiary (including any undertaking, agreement or
instrument evidencing such Indebtedness) or (ii) is directly or indirectly
liable for any Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or (b) a default
with respect to any Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary (including any
right which the holders thereof may have to take enforcement action against it)
would permit (upon notice, lapse of time or both) any holder of any other
Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to declare a default on
such other Indebtedness or cause the payment thereof to be accelerated or
payable prior to its final scheduled maturity, except in the case of clause (a)
to the extent permitted under the covenant described above under the caption
" -- Limitation on Restricted Payments."
The Company's Subsidiaries in China were designated Unrestricted
Subsidiaries as of the Issue Date. All Designations (other than with respect to
the Company's Subsidiaries in China) and Redesignations must be evidenced by
Board Resolutions delivered to the Trustee certifying compliance with the
foregoing provisions. Subsidiaries that are not designated by the Board of
Directors as Restricted or Unrestricted Subsidiaries will be deemed to be
Restricted Subsidiaries. The Designation of a Restricted Subsidiary as an
Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be deemed a Designation of all of the Subsidiaries
of such Unrestricted Subsidiary as Unrestricted Subsidiaries.
Limitation on Incurrence of Senior Subordinated Indebtedness. The Company
shall not, directly or indirectly, incur, create, issue, assume, guarantee or
otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness that is subordinated or junior in
right of payment to any Senior Debt of the Company and senior in any respect in
right of payment to the Notes. For purposes of this provision, no Indebtedness
shall be deemed to be subordinated in right of payment to any other Indebtedness
by reason of the fact that such other Indebtedness is secured by any Lien or is
subject to a Guarantee.
Guarantees. If the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries transfers
or causes to be transferred, in one transaction or a series of related
transactions, any property (other than cash) to any Restricted Subsidiary that
is not a Foreign Subsidiary, or if the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries shall organize, acquire or otherwise invest in another Restricted
Subsidiary that is not a Foreign Subsidiary, then such transferee or acquired or
other Restricted Subsidiary shall (i) execute and deliver to the Trustee a
supplemental indenture in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee pursuant
to which such Restricted Subsidiary shall unconditionally guarantee on a senior
subordinated basis all of the Company's obligations under the Notes and the
Indenture and (ii) deliver to the Trustee an opinion of counsel that such
supplemental indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by such
Restricted Subsidiary and constitutes a legal, valid, binding and enforceable
obligation of such Restricted Subsidiary. The Indebtedness represented by any
such Guarantee will be subordinated on the same basis to senior Indebtedness of
the guarantor thereof as the Notes are subordinated to Senior Debt. The
obligations of each guarantor will be limited to the maximum amount as will,
after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such
guarantor, result in the obligations of such guarantor under the Guarantee not
constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under federal or
state law.
Any such Guarantee will be released upon the sale of all of the Capital
Stock, or all or substantially all of the assets, of the applicable guarantor if
such sale is made in compliance with the Indenture.
Provision of Financial Statements and Information. The Indenture provides
that, following effectiveness of the Exchange Offer, whether or not the Company
is then subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company will
file with the Commission so long as any Notes are outstanding, the annual
reports, quarterly reports and other periodic reports which the Company would
have been required to file with the Commission pursuant to such Section 13(a) or
15(d) if the Company were so subject, and such documents shall be filed with the
Commission on or prior to the respective dates (the "Required Filing Dates") by
which the Company would have been
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required so to file such documents if the Company were so subject; provided the
Commission will accept such filings. The Company will also in any event (i)
within 15 days of each Required Filing Date, file with the Trustee, and supply
the Trustee with copies for delivery to the holders of the Notes, the annual
reports, quarterly reports and other periodic reports which the Company would
have been required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) of the Exchange Act if the Company were subject to such Sections and (ii)
if the Commission will not accept the filing of such documents promptly upon
written request and payment of the reasonable cost of duplication and delivery,
supply copies of such documents to any prospective holder of the Notes.
The Company shall provide to any holder or any beneficial owner of Notes
any information reasonably requested by such holder or such beneficial owner
concerning the Company and its Subsidiaries (including financial statements)
necessary in order to permit such holder or such beneficial owner to sell or
transfer Notes in compliance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act.
Additional Covenants. The Indenture also contains covenants with respect
to the following matters: (i) payment of principal, premium and interest; (ii)
maintenance of an office or agency in The City of New York; (iii) maintenance of
corporate existence; (iv) payment of taxes and other claims; (v) maintenance of
properties; and (vi) maintenance of insurance.
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION AND SALE OF ASSETS
The Indenture provides that the Company shall not, in any single
transaction or series of related transactions, consolidate or merge with or into
(whether or not the Company is the Surviving Person), or sell, assign, transfer,
lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties
or assets (determined on a consolidated basis for the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries) in one or more related transactions to, another Person, and the
Company will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to enter into any such
transaction or series of related transactions if such transaction or series of
related transactions, in the aggregate, would result in a sale, assignment,
transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of
the properties and assets of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken
as a whole, to another Person, unless (i) the Surviving Person is a corporation
organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or
the District of Columbia; (ii) the Surviving Person (if other than the Company)
assumes all the obligations of the Company under the Notes, the Indenture and,
if then in effect, the Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to a supplemental
indenture or other written agreement, as the case may be, in a form reasonably
satisfactory to the Trustee; (iii) immediately after such transaction, no
Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; (iv)
immediately after giving effect to such transaction or series of related
transactions, (A) in the case of a transaction involving the Company, the
Surviving Person shall have a Consolidated Net Worth equal to or greater than
the Consolidated Net Worth of the Company immediately prior to such transaction
or series of related transactions or (B) in the case of a transaction involving
a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Surviving Person shall have a
Consolidated Net Worth equal to or greater than the Consolidated Net Worth of
such Restricted Subsidiary immediately prior to such transaction or series of
related transactions; and (v) after giving pro forma effect to such transaction,
the Surviving Person would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional
Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) pursuant to the covenant
described under "-- Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness." Notwithstanding
clauses (iii), (iv) and (v) above, any Restricted Subsidiary may consolidate
with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties and assets to the
Company or another Restricted Subsidiary.
In the event of any transaction (other than a lease) described in and
complying with the conditions listed in the immediately preceding paragraph in
which the Company is not the Surviving Person, such Surviving Person shall
succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of,
the Company, and the Company shall be discharged from its obligations under, the
Indenture, the Notes and the Registration Rights Agreement.
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EVENTS OF DEFAULT
The Indenture provides that each of the following constitutes an Event of
Default:
(i) a default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on, or
Liquidated Damages (if any) with respect to, any Note (whether or not
prohibited by the subordination provisions of the Indenture);
(ii) a default in the payment when due of principal on any Note
(whether or not prohibited by the subordination provisions of the
Indenture), whether upon maturity, acceleration, optional or mandatory
redemption, required repurchase or otherwise;
(iii) failure to perform or comply with any covenant, agreement or
warranty in the Indenture (other than the defaults specified in clauses (i)
and (ii) above) which failure continues for 60 days after written notice
thereof has been given to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and
the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of
the then outstanding Notes;
(iv) the occurrence of one or more defaults under any agreements,
indentures or instruments under which the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary then has outstanding Indebtedness in excess of $5.0 million in
the aggregate and, if not already matured at its final maturity in
accordance with its terms, such Indebtedness shall have been accelerated
and such acceleration is not rescinded, annulled or cured within 10 days
thereafter;
(v) one or more judgments, orders or decrees for the payment of money
in excess of $5.0 million, either individually or in the aggregate, shall
be entered against the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or any of their
respective properties and which judgments, orders or decrees are not paid,
discharged, bonded or stayed or stayed pending appeal for a period of 60
days after their entry; or
(vi) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of the
Company or any Significant Subsidiary.
If any Event of Default (other than as specified in clause (vi) of the
preceding paragraph with respect to the Company) occurs and is continuing, the
Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes may, and the Trustee at the request of such holders shall,
declare all the Notes to be due and payable immediately by notice in writing to
the Company, and to the Company and the Trustee if by the holders, specifying
the respective Event of Default and that such notice is a "notice of
acceleration," and the Notes shall become immediately due and payable.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Event of Default arising from
the events specified in clause (vi) of the preceding paragraph with respect to
the Company, the principal of, premium, if any, and any accrued interest on all
outstanding Notes shall ipso facto become immediately due and payable without
further action or notice. Holders of the Notes may not enforce the Indenture or
the Notes except as provided in the Indenture.
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then
outstanding by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the holders of all of the
Notes waive any existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences under
the Indenture except (i) a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment
of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the Notes (which may be
waived only with the consent of each holder of Notes affected), or (ii) in
respect of a covenant or provision which under the Indenture cannot be modified
or amended without the consent of the holder of each Note outstanding. Subject
to certain limitations, holders of a majority in principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes may direct the Trustee in its exercise of any trust or power.
The Trustee may withhold from holders of the Notes notice of any continuing
Default or Event of Default (except a Default or Event of Default relating to
the payment of principal, premium or interest) if it determines that withholding
notice is in their interest.
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The Company is required to deliver to the Trustee annually a statement
regarding compliance with the Indenture, and the Company is required, upon
becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, to deliver to the Trustee a
statement specifying such Default or Event of Default.
NO PERSONAL LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND STOCKHOLDERS
The Indenture provides that no recourse for the payment of the principal
of, premium, if any, interest on or Liquidated Damages, if any, with respect to
any of the Notes or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof,
and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of the
Company in the Indenture, or in any of the Notes or because of the creation of
any Indebtedness represented thereby, shall be had against any incorporator,
shareholder, officer, director, employee or controlling person of the Company or
of any successor Person thereof. Each Holder, by accepting the Notes, waives and
releases all such liability.
DEFEASANCE
The Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have the
obligations of the Company discharged with respect to the outstanding Notes
("defeasance"). Such defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have
paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the outstanding Notes
and to have satisfied all other obligations under the Notes and the Indenture
except for (i) the rights of holders of the outstanding Notes to receive, solely
from the trust fund described below, payments in respect of the principal of,
premium, if any, and interest on such Notes when such payments are due, (ii) the
Company's obligations with respect to the Notes concerning issuing temporary
Notes, registration of Notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes, and
the maintenance of an office or agency for payment, (iii) the rights, powers,
trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee under the Indenture, and (iv) the
defeasance provisions of the Indenture. In addition, the Company may, at its
option and at any time, elect to have the obligations of the Company released
with respect to certain covenants that are described in the Indenture ("covenant
defeasance") and any omission to comply with such obligations shall not
constitute a Default or an Event of Default with respect to the Notes. In the
event that a covenant defeasance occurs, certain events (not including
non-payment, bankruptcy and insolvency events) described under "-- Events of
Default" will no longer constitute Events of Default with respect to the Notes.
In order to exercise either defeasance or covenant defeasance, (i) the
Company shall irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, as trust funds in trust, for
the benefit of the holders of the Notes, cash in United States dollars, U.S.
Government Obligations (as defined in the Indenture), or a combination thereof,
in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the report of a nationally recognized
firm of independent public accountants or a nationally recognized investment
banking firm, to pay and discharge the principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on the outstanding Notes to redemption or maturity; (ii) the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States
to the effect that the holders of the outstanding Notes will not recognize
income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such
defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, and will be subject to
Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times
as would have been the case if such defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the
case may be, had not occurred (in the case of defeasance, such opinion must
refer to and be based upon a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service or a change
in applicable Federal income tax laws); (iii) no Default or Event of Default
shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or insofar as
clause (vi) under the first paragraph under "-- Events of Default" is concerned,
at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit;
(iv) such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a breach or
violation of, or constitute a default under, any agreement or instrument to
which the Company is a party or by which it is bound; (v) the Company shall have
delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that (A) the trust
funds will not be subject to any rights of holders of Indebtedness (other than
holders of the Notes) and (B) after the 91st day following the deposit, the
trust funds will not be subject to the effect of
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any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting
creditors' rights generally; and (vi) the Company shall have delivered to the
Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that
all conditions precedent under the Indenture to either defeasance or covenant
defeasance, as the case may be, have been complied with and that no violations
under agreements governing any other outstanding Indebtedness of the Company
would result therefrom.
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
The Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect
(except as to surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of the
Notes, as expressly provided for in the Indenture) as to all outstanding Notes
when (i) either (a) all the Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered
(except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes which have been replaced or paid and
Notes for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust and
thereafter repaid to the Company) have been delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation or (b) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation have become due and payable and the Company has irrevocably
deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee an amount in United States
dollars sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Notes not
theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for the principal of,
premium, if any, and interest to the date of deposit; (ii) the Company has paid
or caused to be paid all other sums payable under the Indenture by the Company;
and (iii) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and
an opinion of counsel each stating that all conditions precedent under the
Indenture relating to the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture have been
complied with.
AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER
Except as provided in the next two paragraphs, the Indenture or the Notes
may be amended or supplemented with the written consent of the holders of at
least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes
(including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer
for the Notes).
Without the consent of each holder affected, an amendment or waiver shall
not: (i) reduce the principal amount of the Notes whose holders must consent to
an amendment, supplement or waiver, (ii) reduce the principal of or change the
fixed maturity of any Note, or alter or waive the provisions with respect to the
redemption of the Notes in a manner adverse to the holders of the Notes other
than with respect to a Change of Control Offer or an Asset Sale Offer, (iii)
reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any Notes, (iv)
waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, premium, if
any, or interest on the Notes (except that holders of at least a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may (a) rescind an
acceleration of the Notes that resulted from a non-payment default, and (b)
waive the payment default that resulted from such acceleration), (v) make any
Note payable in money other than that stated in the Notes, (vi) make any change
in the provisions of the Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or
Events of Default or the rights of holders of Notes to receive payments of
principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the Notes, (vii) following the
occurrence of a Change of Control, amend, change or modify the Company's
obligation to make and consummate a Change of Control Offer in the event of a
Change of Control or modify any of the provisions or definitions with respect
thereto in a manner adverse to the holders of the Notes, or following the
occurrence of an Asset Sale, amend, change or modify the Company's obligation to
make and consummate an Asset Sale Offer or modify any of the provisions or
definitions with respect thereto in a manner adverse to the holders of the
Notes, or (viii) modify or change any of the provisions of the Indenture
relating to the subordination of the Notes in a manner adverse to the holders of
the Notes.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any holder of Notes,
the Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement the Indenture or the Notes
(i) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, (ii) to provide for
uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated
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Notes, (iii) to provide for the assumption of the Company's obligations to
holders of the Notes in the event of any Disposition involving the Company in
which the Company is not the Surviving Person, (iv) to make any change that
would provide any additional rights or benefits to the holders of the Notes or
that does not adversely affect the rights of any such holder, (v) to release any
Guarantee permitted to be released under the Indenture, or (vi) to comply with
the requirements of the Commission in order to effect or maintain the
qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.
TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE
The registered holder of a Note will be treated as the owner of it for all
purposes. A holder may transfer or exchange Notes in accordance with the
Indenture. The Registrar and the Trustee may require a holder among other
things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and the
Company may require a holder to pay any taxes and fees required by law or
permitted by the Indenture. Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be
required to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Note (i) during a
period beginning at the opening of business on the day that the Trustee receives
notice of any redemption from the Company and ending at the close of business on
the day the notice of redemption is sent to holders, (ii) selected for
redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being
redeemed in part may be transferred or exchanged, and (iii) during a Change of
Control Offer or an Asset Sale Offer if such Note is tendered pursuant to such
Change of Control Offer or Asset Sale Offer and not withdrawn.
THE TRUSTEE
United States Trust Company of New York is the Trustee under the Indenture
and has been appointed by the Company as Registrar and Paying Agent with regard
to the Notes.
The Indenture (including the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act
incorporated by reference therein) contains limitations on the rights of the
Trustee thereunder, should it become a creditor of the Company, to obtain
payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain property received by
it in respect of any such claims, as security or otherwise. The Trustee is
permitted to engage in other transactions; provided, however, if it acquires any
conflicting interest (as defined in the Trust Indenture Act) it must eliminate
such conflict or resign.
GOVERNING LAW
The Indenture and the Notes are governed by the laws of the State of New
York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law.
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
Set forth below are certain defined terms used in the Indenture. Reference
is made to the Indenture for the definition of all other terms used in the
Indenture.
"Acquired Debt" means, with respect to any specified Person, Indebtedness
of any other Person (the "Acquired Person") existing at the time the Acquired
Person merges with or into, or becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of, such
specified Person, including Indebtedness incurred in connection with, or in
contemplation of, the Acquired Person merging with or into, or becoming a
Restricted Subsidiary of, such specified Person; provided, however, that
Indebtedness of such Acquired Person which is redeemed, defeased, retired or
otherwise repaid at the time of or immediately upon consummation of the
transactions by which such Acquired Person merges with or into or becomes a
Restricted Subsidiary of such specified Person shall not be Acquired Debt.
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person
directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition,
"control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms
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"controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with") of any Person
means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause
the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the
ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.
"Asset Sale" means (i) any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition by
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of any assets (including by way of a
sale-and-leaseback) other than in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) the
issuance or sale of Capital Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of
each of (i) and (ii), whether in a single transaction or a series of related
transactions, to any Person (other than to the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary and other than directors' qualifying shares) for Net Proceeds in
excess of $250,000.
"Capital Lease Obligation" of any Person means, at the time any
determination thereof is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a
capital lease for property leased by such Person that would at such time be
required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance
with GAAP.
"Capital Stock" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights
to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or
interests in (however designated) corporate stock or other equity
participations, including partnership interests, whether general or limited, of
such Person, including any Preferred Stock.
"Cash Equivalents" means (i) marketable direct obligations issued by, or
unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States Government or issued by any
agency thereof and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, in
each case maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof; (ii)
marketable direct obligations issued by any state of the United States of
America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public
instrumentality thereof maturing within one year from the date of acquisition
thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having one of the two highest ratings
obtainable from either Standard & Poor's Rating Services or Moody's Investors
Service, Inc.; (iii) commercial paper maturing no more than one year from the
date of creation thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having a rating of at
least A-1 from Standard & Poor's Rating Services or at least P-1 from Moody's
Investors Service, Inc.; (iv) certificates of deposit or bankers' acceptances
(or, with respect to foreign banks, similar instruments) maturing within one
year from the date of acquisition thereof issued by any bank organized under the
laws of the United States of America or any state thereof or the District of
Columbia or any member of the European Economic Community or any U.S. branch of
a foreign bank having at the date of acquisition thereof combined capital and
surplus of not less than $200 million; (v) repurchase obligations with a term of
not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in
clause (i) above entered into with any bank meeting the qualifications specified
in clause (iv) above; and (vi) investments in money market funds which invest
substantially all their assets in securities of the types described in clauses
(i) through (v) above.
"Cash Flow" means, with respect to any period, Consolidated Net Income for
such period, plus, to the extent deducted in computing such Consolidated Net
Income: (i) extraordinary net losses, plus (ii) provision for taxes based on
income or profits and any provision for taxes utilized in computing the
extraordinary net losses under clause (i) hereof, plus (iii) Consolidated
Interest Expense, plus (iv) depreciation, amortization and all other non-cash
charges (including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles and any
last-in, first-out (LIFO) provisions).
"Change of Control" means the occurrence of any of the following events
after the Issue Date: (i) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used in
Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) (other than one or more Permitted
Holders) is or becomes (including by merger, consolidation or otherwise) the
"beneficial owner" (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act,
except that a Person shall be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all shares
that such Person has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable
immediately or only after the passage of time), directly or indirectly, of 50%
or more of the voting power of the total outstanding Voting Stock
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of the Company or IKS Holdings; (ii) after the consummation of an initial public
offering of any class of common stock of the Company or IKS Holdings, during any
period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period
constituted the Board of Directors of the Company (together with any new
directors who have been appointed by CVC, Citicorp N.A. or any Affiliate of CVC,
or any new directors whose election to such Board of Directors, or whose
nomination for election by the stockholders of the Company, was approved by a
vote of 66 2/3% of the directors then still in office who were either directors
at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was
previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of such
Board of Directors of the Company then in office; (iii) the approval by the
holders of Capital Stock of the Company of any plan or proposal for the
liquidation or dissolution of the Company (whether or not otherwise in
compliance with the terms of the Indenture); or (iv) the sale or other
disposition (including by merger, consolidation or otherwise) of all or
substantially all of the Capital Stock or assets of the Company to any Person or
group (as defined in Rule 13d-5 of the Exchange Act) (other than to one or more
of the Permitted Holders) as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in one
transaction or a series of related transactions.
"Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio" means, for any period, the ratio of
(i) the aggregate amount of Cash Flow for such period, to (ii) Consolidated
Interest Expense for such period, determined on a pro forma basis after giving
pro forma effect to (i) the incurrence of the Indebtedness giving rise to the
calculation of the Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio and (if applicable) the
application of the net proceeds therefrom, including to refinance other
Indebtedness, as if such Indebtedness was incurred, and the application of such
proceeds occurred, at the beginning of such period; (ii) the incurrence,
repayment or retirement of any other Indebtedness by the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries since the first day of such period as if such
Indebtedness was incurred, repaid or retired at the beginning of such period
(except that, in making such computation, the amount of Indebtedness under any
revolving credit facility shall be computed based upon the average balance of
such Indebtedness at the end of each month during such period); (iii) in the
case of Acquired Debt, the related acquisition as if such acquisition had
occurred at the beginning of such period; and (iv) any acquisition or
disposition by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries of any company or any
business or any assets out of the ordinary course of business, or any related
repayment of Indebtedness, in each case since the first day of such period,
assuming such acquisition or disposition had been consummated on the first day
of such period.
"Consolidated Interest Expense" means, with respect to any period, the sum
of (i) the interest expense of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for
such period, including, without limitation, (a) amortization of debt discount,
(b) the net payments, if any, under interest rate contracts (including
amortization of discounts), (c) the interest portion of any deferred payment
obligation and (d) accrued interest, plus (ii) the interest component of the
Capital Lease Obligations paid, accrued and/or scheduled to be paid or accrued
by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period, and all
capitalized interest of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, plus (iii)
all dividends paid during such period by the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries with respect to any Disqualified Stock (other than by any
Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary and
other than any dividend paid in Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock)),
in each case, as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP
consistently applied.
"Consolidated Net Income" means, with respect to any period, the net income
(or loss) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period,
determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied,
adjusted to the extent included in calculating such net income (or loss), by
excluding, without duplication, (i) all extraordinary gains and losses (less all
fees and expenses relating thereto), (ii) the portion of net income (or loss) of
the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries allocable to interests in
unconsolidated Persons or Unrestricted Subsidiaries, except to the extent of the
amount of dividends or distributions actually paid to the
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Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries by such other Person during such period,
(iii) for purposes of the covenant entitled " -- Limitation on Restricted
Payments", net income (or loss) of any Person combined with the Company or any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries on a "pooling-of-interests" basis attributable to
any period prior to the date of combination, (iv) net gains and losses (less all
fees and expenses relating thereto) in respect of disposition of assets
(including, without limitation, pursuant to sale and leaseback transactions)
other than in the ordinary course of business, (v) the net income of any
Restricted Subsidiary to the extent that the declaration of dividends or similar
distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that income to the Company is not
at the time permitted, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its
charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or
governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary or its
stockholders, or (vi) the cumulative non-cash effect of any change in accounting
principle.
"Consolidated Net Worth" of any Person means the consolidated stockholders'
equity of such Person, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with
GAAP, less (without duplication) amounts attributable to Disqualified Stock of
such Person.
"Currency Agreement Obligations" means the obligations of any person under
a foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement
or arrangement to protect such person against fluctuations in currency values.
"Default" means any event that is, or after the giving of notice or passage
of time or both would be, an Event of Default.
"Designated Senior Debt" means (i) the Indebtedness under the Senior Credit
Facility, and (ii) any other Senior Debt of the Company permitted to be incurred
under the Indenture the principal amount of which is $25 million or more at the
time of the designation of such Senior Debt as "Designated Senior Debt" by the
Company in a written instrument delivered to the Trustee.
"Disposition" means, with respect to any Person, any merger, consolidation
or other business combination involving such Person (whether or not such Person
is the Surviving Person) or the sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or
other disposition of all or substantially all of such Person's assets.
"Disqualified Stock" means (i) any Preferred Stock of any Restricted
Subsidiary and (ii) that portion of any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by
the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is
exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily
redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is redeemable
at the option of the holder thereof (other than upon a change of control of the
Company in circumstances where the holders of the Notes would have similar
rights), in whole or in part on or prior to the stated maturity of the Notes.
"Dollars" and "$" means lawful money of the United States of America.
"Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
"Fair Market Value" means, with respect to any asset or property, the sale
value that would be obtained in an arm's-length transaction between an informed
and willing seller under no compulsion to sell and an informed and willing buyer
under no compulsion to buy.
"Foreign Subsidiary" means a Restricted Subsidiary not organized under the
laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof and the
operations of which are located entirely outside the United States.
"GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board
of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and
pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other
statements by such other entity as may be approved by a
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significant segment of the accounting profession in the United States of
America, which are applicable as of the Issue Date and consistently applied.
"German Subsidiary Facilities" means one or more credit facilities of IKS
Klingelnberg GmbH, as the same may be amended, modified, renewed, refunded,
replaced or refinanced from time to time, including (i) any related notes,
letters of credit, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements
executed in connection therewith, and in each case as amended, modified,
renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to time, and (ii) any notes,
guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in
connection with any such amendment, modification, renewal, refunding,
replacement or refinancing.
"Guarantee" means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of negotiable
instruments for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business),
direct or indirect, in any manner (including, without limitation, letters of
credit and reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), of all or any part of
any Indebtedness.
"Indebtedness" means, with respect to any Person, without duplication, and
whether or not contingent, (i) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed
money or which is evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument,
(ii) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred or unpaid purchase price
of property or services, which purchase price is due more than six months after
the date of placing such property in service or taking delivery and title
thereto or the completion of such service, (iii) all Capital Lease Obligations
of such Person, (iv) all obligations of such Person in respect of letters of
credit or bankers' acceptances issued or created for the account of such Person,
(v) to the extent not otherwise included in this definition, all net obligations
of such Person under Interest Rate Agreement Obligations or Currency Agreement
Obligations of such Person, (vi) all liabilities of others of the kind described
in the preceding clause (i), (ii) or (iii) secured by any Lien on any property
owned by such Person; provided, however, if the obligations secured by a Lien
(other than a Permitted Lien not securing any liability that would itself
constitute Indebtedness) on any assets or property have not been assumed by such
Person in full or are not such Person's legal liability in full, the amount of
such Indebtedness for purposes of this definition shall be limited to the lesser
of the amount of Indebtedness secured by such Lien and the Fair Market Value of
the property subject to such Lien, (vii) all Disqualified Stock issued by such
Person and all Preferred Stock issued by a Subsidiary of such Person, and (viii)
to the extent not otherwise included, any guarantee by such Person of any other
Person's indebtedness or other obligations described in clauses (i) through
(vii) above. "Indebtedness" of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries shall
not include current trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business
and payable in accordance with customary practices, and non-interest bearing
installment obligations and accrued liabilities incurred in the ordinary course
of business which are not more than 90 days past due. The principal amount
outstanding of any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount is the
accreted value of such Indebtedness. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Indebtedness
shall not include Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other
financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently
drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business; provided
that such Indebtedness is extinguished within 3 business days of the incurrence
thereof.
"Independent Director" means a director of the Company other than a
director (i) who (apart from being a director of the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company) is an employee, associate or Affiliate of the Company or a
Subsidiary of the Company, or (ii) who is a director, employee, associate or
Affiliate of another party (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries)
to the transaction in question.
"Interest Rate Agreement Obligations" means, with respect to any Person,
the Obligations of such Person under (i) interest rate swap agreements, interest
rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements, and (ii) other
agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations
in interest rates.
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"Investment" means, with respect to any Person, any direct or indirect loan
or other extension of credit (including, without limitation, a guarantee) or
capital contribution to (by means of any transfer of cash or other property to
others or any payment for property or services for the account or use of
others), or any purchase or acquisition by such Person of any Capital Stock,
bonds, notes, debentures or other securities or evidences of Indebtedness issued
by, any other Person. "Investment" shall exclude travel and similar advances to
officers and employees of the Company in the ordinary course of business and
extensions of trade credit by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries on
commercially reasonable terms in accordance with normal trade practices of the
Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be. For the purposes of
the "Limitation on Restricted Payments" covenant, (i) "Investment" shall include
and be valued at the Fair Market Value of the net assets of any Restricted
Subsidiary (to the extent of the Company's equity interest in such Restricted
Subsidiary) at the time that such Restricted Subsidiary is designated an
Unrestricted Subsidiary and shall exclude the Fair Market Value of the net
assets of any Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time that such Unrestricted
Subsidiary is designated a Restricted Subsidiary and (ii) the amount of any
Investment shall be the original cost of such Investment plus the cost of all
additional Investments by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries,
without any adjustments for increases or decreases in value, or write-ups,
write-downs or write-offs with respect to such Investment, reduced by the
payment of dividends or distributions in connection with such Investment or any
other amounts received in respect of such Investment; provided, however, that no
such payment of dividends or distributions or receipt of any such other amounts
shall reduce the amount of any Investment if such payment of dividends or
distributions or receipt of any such amounts would be included in Consolidated
Net Income. If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company sells or
otherwise disposes of any Common Stock of any direct or indirect Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving effect to any such sale or
disposition, the Company no longer owns, directly or indirectly, greater than
50% of the outstanding Common Stock of such Restricted Subsidiary, the Company
shall be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or
disposition equal to the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock of such
Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of.
"Issue Date" means the date on which the Notes are first issued under the
Indenture.
"Lien" means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge,
charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset,
whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law
(including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in
the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security
interest in any asset and any filing of, or agreement to give, any financing
statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any
jurisdiction).
"Liquidated Damages" means all liquidated damages owing under the
Registration Rights Agreement.
"Net Proceeds" means, with respect to any Asset Sale by any Person, the
aggregate cash or Cash Equivalent proceeds received by such Person and/or its
Affiliates in respect of such Asset Sale, which amount is equal to the excess,
if any, of (i) the cash or Cash Equivalent received by such Person and/or its
Affiliates (including any cash payments received by way of deferred payment
pursuant to, or monetization of, a note or installment receivable or otherwise,
but only as and when received) in connection with such Asset Sale, over (ii) the
sum of (a) the amount of any Indebtedness that is secured by such asset and
which is required to be repaid by such Person in connection with such Asset
Sale, plus (b) all fees, commissions and other expenses incurred by such Person
in connection with such Asset Sale, plus (c) provision for taxes, including
income taxes, directly attributable to the Asset Sale or to required prepayments
or repayments of Indebtedness with the proceeds of such Asset Sale, plus (d) if
such Person is a Restricted Subsidiary, any dividends or distributions payable
to holders of minority interests in such Restricted Subsidiary from the proceeds
of such Asset Sale, plus (e) appropriate amounts to be provided by the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary as a reserve against any liabilities associated
with such
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Asset Sale, including, without limitation, pension and other post-employment
benefit liabilities, liabilities related to environmental matters and
liabilities under any indemnification obligations associated with such Asset
Sale; provided that upon the release of any such reserves, such amounts shall
constitute "Net Proceeds" hereunder.
"Obligations" means any principal, interest, penalties, fees,
indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages and other liabilities
payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness.
"Permitted Holders" means (i) CVC, (ii) Citicorp, N.A. or any other
Affiliate of CVC, (iii) any officer, employee or director of CVC, (iv) the
Management Investors and (v) in the case of any natural person specified in the
foregoing clauses, any spouse or lineal descendant (including by adoption) of
such person; provided, however, that in no event shall the persons specified in
clauses (iii) through (v) be deemed "Permitted Holders" with respect to more
than 30% of the voting power of the total outstanding Voting Stock of the
Company or IKS Holdings in the aggregate.
"Permitted Investments" means (i) any Investment in the Company or any
Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary (other than a Foreign Subsidiary) and any
Investment (other than a transfer of property (excluding cash)) in a Foreign
Subsidiary that is a Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary; (ii) any investment in
cash or Cash Equivalents; (iii) any Investment in a Person (an "Acquired
Person") if, as a result of such Investment, (a) the Acquired Person becomes a
Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary, or (b) the Acquired Person either (1) is
merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into the Company or one of its
Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiaries and the Company or such Wholly-Owned
Restricted Subsidiary is the Surviving Person, or (2) transfers or conveys
substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or one of
its Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that any Investment pursuant
to this clause (iii) in a Person that is or becomes a Foreign Subsidiary shall
not constitute the transfer of property (other than cash); (iv) Investments in
accounts and notes receivable acquired in the ordinary course of business; (v)
any notes, obligations or other securities received in connection with an Asset
Sale that complies with the covenant described under "Limitations on Asset
Sales" or any other disposition not constituting an "Asset Sale"; (vi) Interest
Rate Obligations and Currency Agreement Obligations permitted pursuant to the
second paragraph of the covenant described under "Limitation on Incurrence of
Indebtedness" above; and (vii) investments in or acquisitions of Capital Stock
or similar interests in Persons (other than Affiliates of the Company) received
in the bankruptcy or reorganization of or by such Person or any exchange of such
investment with the issuer thereof or taken in settlement of or other resolution
of claims or disputes.
"Permitted Liens" means (i) Liens on assets or property of the Company that
secure Senior Debt of the Company and Liens on assets or property of a
Restricted Subsidiary that secure Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary;
(ii) Liens securing Indebtedness of a Person existing at the time that such
Person is merged into or consolidated with the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary; provided, however, that such Liens were in existence prior to the
contemplation of such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets
other than those of such Person; (iii) Liens on property acquired by the Company
or a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that such Liens were in existence
prior to the contemplation of such acquisition and do not extend to any other
property; (iv) Liens in respect of Interest Rate Obligations and Currency
Agreement Obligations permitted under the Indenture; (v) Liens in favor of the
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary; (vi) Liens existing or created on the
Issue Date; and (vii) Liens securing the Notes or the obligations of the Company
to the Trustee under the Indenture.
"Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
association, joint-stock company, limited liability company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.
"Preferred Stock" as applied to the Capital Stock of any Person, means
Capital Stock of any class or classes (however designated) which is preferred as
to the payment of dividends or
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distributions, or as to the distribution of assets upon any voluntary or
involuntary liquidation or dissolution of such Person, over Capital Stock of any
other class of such Person.
"Purchase Money Obligation" means any Indebtedness secured by a Lien on
assets related to the business of the Company or the Restricted Subsidiaries,
and any additions and accessions thereto, which are purchased, constructed or
improved by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary at any time after the Issue
Date; provided, however, that (i) any security agreement or conditional sales or
other title retention contract pursuant to which the Lien on such assets is
created (collectively, a "Security Agreement") shall be entered into within 90
days after the purchase or substantial completion of the construction or
improvement of such assets and shall at all times be confined solely to the
assets so purchased, constructed or improved, any additions and accessions
thereto and any proceeds therefrom, (ii) at no time shall the aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding Indebtedness secured thereby be increased,
except in connection with the purchase of additions and accessions thereto and
except in respect of fees and other obligations in respect of such Indebtedness
and (iii) (A) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Indebtedness secured
thereby (determined on a per asset basis in the case of any additions and
accessions) shall not at the time such Security Agreement is entered into exceed
100% of the purchase price or cost of construction or improvement to the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary of the assets subject thereto or (B) the
Indebtedness secured thereby shall be with recourse solely to the assets so
purchased, constructed or improved, any additions and accessions thereto and any
proceeds therefrom.
"Recapitalization Dividend" means the payment by the Company to IKS
Holdings on the Issue Date of amounts necessary to consummate the
Recapitalization.
"Restricted Investment" means an Investment other than a Permitted
Investment.
"Restricted Payment" means (i) any dividend or other distribution declared
or paid on any Capital Stock of the Company (other than (A) dividends or
distributions payable solely in Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of
the Company, (B) dividends or distributions payable to the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary or (C) the Recapitalization Dividend); (ii) any payment to
purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Capital Stock of
the Company (other than the Recapitalization Dividend); (iii) any payment to
purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value, prior to any
scheduled maturity, repayment or sinking fund payment, any Subordinated
Indebtedness other than the Recapitalization Dividend or a purchase, redemption,
defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value that is paid for with
the proceeds of Refinancing Indebtedness that is permitted under the covenant
described under "-- Certain Covenants -- Limitation on Incurrence of
Indebtedness"; or (iv) any Restricted Investment.
"Restricted Subsidiary" means each direct or indirect Subsidiary of the
Company other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.
"Senior Credit Facility" means the Senior Credit Facility, entered into on
the Issue Date between the Company and the lenders named therein as the same may
be amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to
time, including (i) any related notes, letters of credit, guarantees, collateral
documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, and in
each case as amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from
time to time, and (ii) any notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments
and agreements executed in connection with any such amendment, modification,
renewal, refunding, replacement or refinancing.
"Senior Debt" means the principal of and interest (including post-petition
interest) on, and all other amounts owing in respect of, (x) the Senior Credit
Facility and (y) any other Indebtedness incurred by the Company (including, but
not limited to, reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and all other charges,
fees and expenses incurred in connection with such Indebtedness), unless the
instrument creating or evidencing such Indebtedness or pursuant to which such
Indebtedness is outstanding expressly provides that such Indebtedness is on a
parity with or subordinated in right of
86
<PAGE> 89
payment to the Notes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Senior Debt shall not
include (i) any Indebtedness for federal, state, local or other taxes, (ii) any
Indebtedness of the Company to any of its Subsidiaries or any of its Affiliates,
(iii) any Indebtedness incurred for the purchase of goods or materials, or for
services obtained, in the ordinary course of business or any obligations in
respect of any such Indebtedness, (iv) any Indebtedness that is incurred in
violation of the Indenture, (v) Indebtedness evidenced by the Notes or (vi)
Indebtedness of the Company that is expressly subordinate or junior in right of
payment (other than as a result of the Indebtedness being unsecured) to any
other Indebtedness of the Company.
"Significant Subsidiary" means any Restricted Subsidiary that would be a
"significant subsidiary" as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X
promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation S-X is in effect
on the Issue Date.
"Subordinated Indebtedness" means Indebtedness of the Company subordinated
in right of payment to the Notes.
"Subsidiary" of a Person means (i) any corporation more than 50% of the
outstanding voting power of the Voting Stock of which is owned or controlled,
directly or indirectly, by such Person or by one or more other Subsidiaries of
such Person, or by such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, or
(ii) any limited partnership of which such Person or any Subsidiary of such
Person is a general partner, or (iii) any other Person (other than a corporation
or limited partnership) in which such Person or one or more other Subsidiaries
of such Person, or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof,
directly or indirectly, has more than 50% of the outstanding ownership or
similar interests or has the power, by contract or otherwise, to direct or cause
the direction of the policies, management and affairs thereof.
"Surviving Person" means, with respect to any Person involved in or that
makes any Disposition, the Person formed by or surviving such Disposition or the
Person to which such Disposition is made.
"Unrestricted Subsidiary" means (i) Shanghai IKS Mechanical Blade Company,
Ltd., (ii) Shanghai IKS Lida Mechanical Blade Company, Ltd. and (iii) any other
Subsidiary of the Company designated as such pursuant to and in compliance with
the covenant described under "-- Limitation on Designations of Unrestricted
Subsidiaries" and not redesignated a Restricted Subsidiary in compliance with
such covenant.
"Voting Stock" of a Person means Capital Stock of such Person of the class
or classes pursuant to which the holders thereof have the general voting power
under ordinary circumstances to elect at least a majority of the board of
directors, managers or trustees of such Person (irrespective of whether or not
at the time stock of any other class or classes shall have or might have voting
power by reason of the happening of any contingency).
"Weighted Average Life to Maturity" means, when applied to any Indebtedness
at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing (i) the sum of the
products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining
installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required scheduled payment
of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, with (b)
the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse
between such date and the making of such payment, by (ii) the then outstanding
aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness.
"Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary" means any Restricted Subsidiary with
respect to which all of the outstanding voting securities (other than directors'
qualifying shares) of which are owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or
a Surviving Person of any Disposition involving the Company, as the case may be.
87
<PAGE> 90
BOOK-ENTRY; DELIVERY AND FORM
Except as set forth below, the New Notes will initially be issued in the
form of one or more registered notes in global form without coupons (each, a
"Global Note"). Upon issuance, each Global Note will be deposited with, or on
behalf of, the Depository Trust Company (the "Depository") and registered in the
name of Cede & Co., as nominee of the Depository.
If a holder tendering Existing notes so requests, such holder's New Notes
will be issued as described below under "Certificated Securities" in registered
form without coupons (the "Certificated Securities").
The Depository has advised the Company that it is (i) a limited purpose
trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York, (ii) a member
of the Federal Reserve System, (iii) a "clearing corporation" within the meaning
of the Uniform Commercial Code, as amended, and (iv) a "Clearing Agency"
registered pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act. The Depository was
created to hold securities for its participants (collectively, the
"Participants") and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions between Participants through electronic book-entry changes to the
accounts of its Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical transfer
and delivery of certificates. The Depository's Participants include securities
brokers and dealers (including the Initial Purchaser), banks and trust
companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. Access to the
Depository's system is also available to other entities such as banks, brokers,
dealers and trust companies (collectively, the "Indirect Participants") that
clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either
directly or indirectly.
The Company expects that pursuant to procedures established by the
Depository (i) upon deposit of the Global Notes, the Depository will credit the
accounts of Participants who elect to exchange Existing Notes with an interest
in the Global Note and (ii) ownership of the New Notes will be shown on, and the
transfer of ownership thereof will be effected only through, records maintained
by the Depository (with respect to the interest of Participants), the
Participants and the Indirect Participants. The laws of some states require that
certain persons take physical delivery in definitive form of securities that
they own and that security interests in negotiable instruments can only be
perfected by delivery of certificates representing the instruments.
So long as the Depository or its nominee is the registered owner of a
Global Note, the Depository or such nominee, as the case may be, will be
considered the sole owner or holder of the New Notes represented by the Global
Note for all purposes under the Indenture. Except as provided below, owners of
beneficial interests in a Global Note will not be entitled to have New Notes
represented by such Global Note registered in their names, will not receive or
be entitled to receive physical delivery of Certificated Securities, and will
not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the Indenture for any
purpose, including with respect to the giving of any directions, instruction or
approval to the Trustee thereunder. As a result, the ability of a person having
a beneficial interest in New Notes represented by a Global Note to pledge such
interest to persons or entities that do not participate in the Depository's
system, or to otherwise take action with respect to such interest, may be
affected by the lack of a physical certificate evidencing such interest.
The Company understands that under existing industry practice, in the event
the Company requests any action of holders or an owner of a beneficial interest
in a Global Note desires to take any action that the Depository, as the holder
of such Global Note, is entitled to take, the Depository would authorize the
Participants to take such action and the Participant would authorize persons
owning through such Participants to take such action or would otherwise act upon
the instruction of such persons. Neither the Company nor the Trustee will have
any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or
payments made on account of New Notes by the Depository, or for maintaining,
supervising or reviewing any records of the Depository relating to such New
Notes.
Payments with respect to the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on
any New Notes represented by a Global Note registered in the name of the
Depository or its nominee on the
88
<PAGE> 91
applicable record date will be payable by the Trustee to or at the direction of
the Depository or its nominee in its capacity as the registered holder of the
Global Note representing such New Notes under the Indenture. Under the terms of
the Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may treat the persons in whose names
the New Notes, including the Global Notes, are registered as the owners thereof
for the purpose of receiving such payment and for any and all other purposes
whatsoever. Consequently, neither the Company nor the Trustee has or will have
any responsibility or liability for the payment of such amounts to beneficial
owners of New Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest), or to
immediately credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with such payment,
in amounts proportionate to their respective holdings in principal amount of
beneficial interest in the Global Note as shown on the records of the
Depository. Payments by the Participants and the Indirect Participants to the
beneficial owners of New Notes will be governed by standing instructions and
customary practice and will be the responsibility of the Participants or the
Indirect Participants.
CERTIFICATED SECURITIES
If (i) the Company notifies the Trustee in writing that the Depository is
no longer willing or able to act as a depository and the Company is unable to
locate a qualified successor within 90 days or (ii) the Company, at its option,
notifies the Trustee in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Notes in
definitive form under the Indenture, then, upon surrender by the Depository of
its Global Notes, Certificated Securities will be issued to each person that the
Depository identifies as the beneficial owner of the New Notes represented by
the Global Note. In addition, any person having a beneficial interest in a
Global Note or any holder of Existing Notes whose Existing Notes have been
accepted for exchange may, upon request to the Trustee or the Exchange Agent, as
the case may be, exchange such beneficial interest or Existing Notes for
Certificated Securities. Upon any such issuance, the Trustee is required to
register such Certificated Securities in the name of such person or persons (or
the nominee of any thereof), and cause the same to be delivered thereto.
Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be liable for any delay by the
Depository or any Participant or Indirect Participant in identifying the
beneficial owners of the related New Notes and each such person may conclusively
rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, instructions from the Depository
for all purposes (including with respect to the registration and delivery, and
the respective principal amounts, of the New Notes to be issued).
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion summarizes the material United States federal
income tax consequences of the Exchange Offer to a holder of Existing Notes that
is an individual citizen or resident of the United States or a United States
corporation that purchased the Existing Notes pursuant to their original issue
(a "U.S. Holder"). It is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
to the date hereof (the "Code"), existing and proposed Treasury regulations, and
judicial and administrative determinations, all of which are subject to change
at any time, possibly on a retroactive basis. The following relates only to the
Existing Notes, and the New Notes received therefor, that are held as "capital
assets" within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code by U.S. Holders. It does
not discuss state, local, or foreign tax consequences, nor does it discuss tax
consequences to subsequent purchasers (persons who did not purchase the Existing
Notes pursuant to their original issue), or to categories of holders that are
subject to special rules, such as foreign persons, tax-exempt organizations,
insurance companies, banks, and dealers in stocks and securities. Tax
consequences may vary depending on the particular status of an investor. No
rulings will be sought from the Internal Revenue Service with respect to the
federal income tax consequences of the Exchange Offer.
In the opinion of Dechert Price & Rhoads, counsel to the Company, (a) the
exchange of Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer should not be a taxable event
for a U.S. Holder as set forth below
89
<PAGE> 92
under the caption "-- The Exchange Offer", and (b) the summary of the United
States federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder that appears below under
the captions "-- Stated Interest", "-- Sale, Exchange or Retirement of the
Notes" and "-- Backup Withholding" is accurate in all material respects.
THIS SECTION DOES NOT PURPORT TO DEAL WITH ALL ASPECTS OF FEDERAL INCOME
TAXATION THAT MAY BE RELEVANT TO AN INVESTOR'S DECISION TO EXCHANGE EXISTING
NOTES FOR NEW NOTES. EACH INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT WITH ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR
CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF THE FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS AND OTHER TAX LAWS TO
ITS PARTICULAR SITUATION BEFORE DETERMINING WHETHER TO EXCHANGE EXISTING NOTES
FOR NEW NOTES.
THE EXCHANGE OFFER
In the opinion of Dechert Price & Rhoads, counsel to the Company, the
exchange of Existing Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer should be treated as a
continuation of the corresponding Existing Notes because the terms of the New
Notes are not materially different from the terms of the Existing Notes, and
accordingly (i) such exchange should not constitute a taxable event to a U.S.
Holder, (ii) no gain or loss should be realized by a U.S. Holder upon receipt of
a New Note, (iii) the holding period of the New Note should include the holding
period of the Existing Note exchanged therefor and (iv) the adjusted tax basis
of the New Note should be the same as the adjusted tax basis of the Existing
Note exchanged therefor immediately before the exchange.
STATED INTEREST
Stated interest on a Note will be taxable to a U.S. Holder as ordinary
interest income at the time that such interest accrues or is received, in
accordance with the U.S. Holder's regular method of accounting for federal
income tax purposes. The Notes are not considered to have been issued with
original issue discount for federal income tax purposes.
SALE, EXCHANGE OR RETIREMENT OF THE NOTES
A U.S. Holder's tax basis in a Note generally will be its cost. A U.S.
Holder generally will recognize gain or loss on the sale, exchange or retirement
of a Note in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on
the sale, exchange or retirement and the tax basis of the Note. Gain or loss
recognized on the sale, exchange or retirement of a Note (excluding amounts
received in respect of accrued interest, which will be taxable as ordinary
interest income) generally will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term
capital gain or loss if the Note was held for more than one year.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING
Under certain circumstances, a U.S. Holder of a Note may be subject to
"backup withholding" at a 31% rate with respect to payments of interest thereon
or the gross proceeds from the disposition thereof. This withholding generally
applies if the U.S. Holder fails to furnish his or her social security number or
other taxpayer identification number in the specified manner and in certain
other circumstances. Any amount withheld from a payment to a U.S. Holder under
the backup withholding rules is allowable as a credit against such U.S. Holder's
federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is
furnished to the IRS. Corporations and certain other entities described in the
Code and Treasury regulations are exempt from backup withholding if their exempt
status is properly established.
90
<PAGE> 93
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account pursuant to
the Exchange Offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in
connection with any resale of such New Notes. This Prospectus, as it may be
amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in
connection with resales of New Notes received in exchange for Existing Notes
where such Existing Notes were acquired as a result of market-making activities
or other trading activities. The Company has agreed that, for a period of 180
days after the Effective Date, it will make this Prospectus, as amended or
supplemented, available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such
resale. In addition, until May 15, 1997 (90 days after the date of this
Prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in the New Notes may be required
to deliver a prospectus.
The Company will not receive any proceeds from any sale of New Notes by
broker-dealers. New Notes received by broker-dealers for their own account
pursuant to the Exchange Offer may be sold from time to time in one or more
transactions in the over-the-counter market, in negotiated transactions, through
the writing of options on the New Notes or a combination of such methods of
resale, at market prices prevailing at the time of resale, at prices related to
such prevailing market price or negotiated prices. Any such resale may be made
directly to purchasers or to or through brokers or dealers who may receive
compensation in the form of commissions or concessions from any such
broker-dealer or the purchasers of any such New Notes. Any broker-dealer that
resells New Notes that were received by it for its own account pursuant to the
Exchange Offer and any broker or dealer that participates in a distribution of
such New Notes may be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the
Securities Act and any profit on any such resale of New Notes and any
commissions or concessions received by any such persons may be deemed to be
underwriting compensation under the Securities Act. The Letter of Transmittal
states that, by acknowledging that it will deliver and by delivering a
prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an
"underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act.
For a period of 180 days after the Expiration Date, the Company will
promptly send additional copies of this Prospectus and any amendment or
supplement to this Prospectus to any broker-dealer that requests such documents
in the Letter of Transmittal. The Company has agreed to pay all expenses
incident to the Exchange Offer (including the expenses of one counsel for the
holders of the Existing Notes) other than commissions or concessions of any
brokers or dealers and will indemnify the holders of the Existing Notes
(including any broker-dealers) against certain liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the New Notes offered hereby will be passed upon for the
Company by Dechert Price & Rhoads, New York, New York.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31,
1994 and 1995, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
1995, included in this Prospectus and Registration Statement have been audited
by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report thereon
appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given
upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
91
<PAGE> 94
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Report of Independent Auditors....................................................... F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1994 and 1995......................... F-3
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended
December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995................................................... F-4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the years ended
December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995................................................... F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995................................................... F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements........................................... F-7
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 1996 (unaudited)...................... F-17
Consolidated Statements of Income for the nine month periods ended September 30, 1995
and 1996 (unaudited)............................................................... F-18
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the nine month period
ended September 30, 1996 (unaudited)............................................... F-19
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine month periods ended September 30,
1995 and 1996 (unaudited).......................................................... F-20
Note to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)................................ F-21
</TABLE>
F-1
<PAGE> 95
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Board of Directors
International Knife & Saw, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
International Knife & Saw, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and
1994, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in
shareholders' equity, cash flows and schedule for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1995. These financial statements and schedule are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
International Knife & Saw, Inc. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 1995 and 1994,
and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995, in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related
financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic
consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all
material respects the information set forth therein.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Cincinnati, Ohio
September 12, 1996, except for Note 17,
as to which the date is November 6, 1996
F-2
<PAGE> 96
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
1994 1995
------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents............................................ $ 6,574 $10,273
Accounts receivable, trade, less allowances for doubtful accounts of
$2,084 and $1,105................................................. 16,468 18,644
Notes receivable (Note 12)........................................... 1,483 --
Other receivables.................................................... 854 851
Inventories (Note 3)................................................. 21,765 29,036
Prepaid expenses, deferred taxes and sundry.......................... 1,135 978
------- -------
Total current assets................................................... 48,279 59,782
Other assets:
Cash value of life insurance (Note 4)................................ 350 375
Notes receivable (Note 12)........................................... 1,093 235
Advances and investments (Note 15)................................... 376 1,158
Cost in excess of net assets acquired................................ 742 1,272
Deposits, deferred charges and sundry................................ 97 148
------- -------
2,658 3,188
Property, plant and equipment (Notes 6 and 8):
Cost................................................................. 43,077 47,042
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization....................... 21,373 24,315
------- -------
Property, plant and equipment, net..................................... 21,704 22,727
------- -------
Total assets........................................................... $72,641 $85,697
======= =======
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Notes payable (Note 7)............................................... $ 4,359 $10,270
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 7)........................... 609 699
Current portion -- capitalized lease obligation (Note 8)............. 140 128
Accounts and drafts payable.......................................... 5,858 7,402
Accrued and sundry liabilities (Note 9).............................. 3,980 4,765
Due to parent........................................................ 2,646 3,954
------- -------
Total current liabilities.............................................. 17,592 27,218
Long-term debt, less current portion (Note 7).......................... 12,087 12,747
Capitalized lease, less current portion (Note 8)....................... 4,566 3,512
Deferred taxes......................................................... 1,625 1,852
Deferred income (Note 8)............................................... 576 580
Other liabilities (Note 5)............................................. 1,461 1,759
Shareholders' equity (Note 2):
Common stock, no par value -- authorized-580,000 shares; issued --
526,904 shares; outstanding -- 481,971 shares..................... 5 5
Additional paid-in capital........................................... 8,125 8,125
Retained earnings.................................................... 29,719 32,557
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment................... 317 774
Treasury stock, at cost.............................................. (3,432) (3,432)
------- -------
Total shareholders' equity............................................. 34,734 38,029
------- -------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity............................. $72,641 $85,697
======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-3
<PAGE> 97
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
1993 1994 1995
------- ------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales.................................................. $84,964 $92,447 $107,030
Cost of sales.............................................. 60,391 62,273 76,057
------- ------- --------
24,573 30,174 30,973
Selling, general and administrative expenses............... 17,005 18,490 20,363
Other...................................................... 342 571 589
------- ------- --------
7,226 11,113 10,021
Other expenses (income):
Interest income.......................................... (270) (179) (411)
Interest expense......................................... 2,174 1,906 1,827
Sundry, net.............................................. 177 541 (249)
------- ------- --------
2,081 2,268 1,167
------- ------- --------
Income before income taxes................................. 5,145 8,845 8,854
Provision for income taxes (Note 10)....................... 1,951 3,663 3,606
------- ------- --------
Net income....................................... $ 3,194 $ 5,182 $ 5,248
======= ======= ========
Net income per common share................................ $ 6.63 $ 10.75 $ 10.89
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-4
<PAGE> 98
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CUMULATIVE
FOREIGN
ADDITIONAL CURRENCY TOTAL
COMMON PAID-IN RETAINED TRANSLATION TREASURY SHAREHOLDERS'
STOCK CAPITAL EARNINGS ADJUSTMENT STOCK EQUITY
------ ---------- -------- ----------- -------- -------------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1993....... $5 $7,771 $ 21,343 $ 60 $ (4,077) $25,102
Net income..................... 3,194 3,194
Foreign currency translation
adjustment.................. (234) (234)
--
---------- -------- ----------- -------- -------------
Balance at December 31, 1993..... 5 7,771 24,537 (174) (4,077) 28,062
Net income..................... 5,182 5,182
Foreign currency translation
adjustment.................. 491 491
Sale of 15,500 treasury
shares...................... 354 645 999
--
---------- -------- ----------- -------- -------------
Balance at December 31, 1994..... 5 8,125 29,719 317 (3,432) 34,734
Net income..................... 5,248 5,248
Foreign currency translation
adjustment.................. 457 457
Cash dividends................. (2,410) (2,410)
--
---------- -------- ----------- -------- -------------
Balance at December 31, 1995..... $5 $8,125 $ 32,557 $ 774 $ (3,432) $38,029
======= ======== ======== ========= ======== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-5
<PAGE> 99
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
1993 1994 1995
-------- ------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income.................................................. $ 3,194 $ 5,182 $ 5,248
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
(used) by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization............................. 3,169 3,522 3,786
Deferred income taxes..................................... 160 88 387
(Gain) loss on sale of fixed assets....................... (192) (124) 4
Changes in operating assets and liabilities net of effects
from purchases of operations:
Accounts receivable.................................... (387) (2,142) (2,176)
Inventories............................................ 942 (938) (7,271)
Prepaid and sundry..................................... 780 269 (53)
Accounts and drafts payable............................ 1,006 753 1,544
Accrued and sundry liabilities......................... (1,818) 205 1,083
Other, net............................................. (70) 58 436
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by operating activities................... 6,784 6,873 2,988
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of operations, net of cash acquired............... (1,046) -- (1,488)
Purchases of fixed assets................................... (9,112) (3,383) (4,663)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets.......................... 362 1,153 24
Decrease (increase) in notes and other receivables.......... (3,468) (21) 2,344
-------- ------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities....................... (13,264) (2,251) (3,783)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Increase (decrease) in amounts due to parent and
affiliates................................................ 1,526 (1,626) 1,308
Increase in notes payable and long-term debt................ 3,114 1,875 5,596
Cash received on sale of treasury stock..................... -- 515 --
Dividends paid.............................................. -- -- (2,410)
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by financing activities................... 4,640 764 4,494
-------- ------- -------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents............ (1,840) 5,386 3,699
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of period................................................. 3,028 1,188 6,574
-------- ------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period.................. $ 1,188 $ 6,574 $10,273
======== ======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-6
<PAGE> 100
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS)
1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of International
Knife & Saw, Inc. ("IKS") and its consolidated subsidiaries (the "Company"). All
significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost in the United
States is determined principally by use of the last-in, first-out method.
Subsidiaries use the first-in, first-out method.
Depreciation
Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method based on the estimated
useful lives of the assets. Depreciation expense includes amortization of assets
recorded under capitalized leases.
Amortization of Intangibles
The excess of cost over net assets acquired is being amortized over 10
years by the straight-line method.
Income Taxes
Deferred taxes are provided for accumulated temporary differences due to
basis differences for assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income
tax purposes. The Company's temporary differences are due to accelerated
depreciation, allowances for doubtful accounts, expenses not currently
deductible, and income not currently taxable.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of
three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from product sales is recognized when the product is shipped and
revenue from services is recognized as the services are performed. Revenue is
reduced for estimated customer returns and allowances.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial
statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
2. PARENT AND SUBSIDIARIES
The Company is a majority-owned subsidiary of The Klingelnberg Corporation
("TKC").
As of December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995, the Company owned 100% of the
outstanding common stock of IKS Canadian Knife & Saw Ltd. ("CKS"), a Canadian
corporation.
F-7
<PAGE> 101
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
As of December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995 the Company owned 100% of the common
shares of IKS Klingelnberg GmbH ("IKG") and its wholly-owned subsidiary IKS
Messerfabrik Geringswalde GmbH ("IGG"), and as of December 31, 1994 and 1995 its
wholly-owned subsidiaries IKS Klingelnberg FAR EAST GmbH ("IFE"), and IKS
Klingelnberg ASIA Pte. Ltd. ("IKA"). Their results of operations are included in
the Company's consolidated financial statements. During 1995, the Company
increased its investment in PT Bevenmas Jaya (PTB), an Indonesian corporation,
thereby owning a 100% interest at December 31, 1995. In prior years, the
investment was recorded using the equity method of accounting. PTB's financial
statements are not material to the results of operations and financial position
of the Company's consolidated financial statements.
The Company maintains the accounting records and prepares the financial
statements of its subsidiaries in their respective functional currencies. The
accompanying financial statements, which include the effect of the consolidated
results of operations of these companies, are expressed in U.S. dollar
equivalents in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. It
should not be construed that the assets and liabilities included at U.S. dollar
equivalents can actually be realized in or extinguished by U.S. dollars at the
exchange rates used in translation.
3. INVENTORIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
1994 1995
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Purchased finished goods............................... $ 6,444 $ 9,806
Manufactured finished goods............................ 6,433 7,640
Work in process........................................ 4,190 5,307
Raw materials.......................................... 4,156 5,563
Supplies............................................... 542 720
------- -------
$21,765 $29,036
======= =======
</TABLE>
Inventories include approximately $12,949 in 1994 and $16,216 in 1995
determined by the LIFO method. If the cost of LIFO inventories had been
determined by the FIFO method for financial reporting, they would have been
approximately $2,400 and $3,030 higher than the amounts reported at December 31,
1994, and 1995, respectively.
4. LIFE INSURANCE
The Company is the beneficiary under life insurance policies with a total
face amount of $4,400 at December 31, 1995 covering the lives of certain of its
officers and former officers. The policies have total cash values of $350 and
$375 at December 31, 1994 and 1995, respectively.
5. OTHER LIABILITIES
Included in other liabilities are amounts for deferred compensation plans
for certain officers and former officers of $482 and $499 at December 31, 1994
and 1995, respectively. The plans provide for a maximum payment of $25 annually
to each officer or beneficiary for a period of ten years commencing at
retirement or death.
F-8
<PAGE> 102
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
1994 1995
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Capitalized leases -- land and buildings....................... $ 5,371 $ 4,341
Land and land improvements..................................... 2,046 2,090
Buildings and leasehold improvements........................... 5,803 6,255
Machinery and equipment........................................ 25,226 28,896
Furniture and fixtures......................................... 2,613 3,036
Motor vehicles................................................. 2,018 2,424
------- -------
$43,077 $47,042
======= =======
</TABLE>
Amortization expense on assets recorded under capitalized leases is
included with depreciation expense. Accumulated amortization on assets recorded
under capitalized leases was $1,390 and $1,386 at December 31, 1994 and 1995,
respectively.
Depreciation and amortization are provided for on the straight-line method
over the following estimated useful lives:
Capitalized leases - land and buildings: 15 to 40 years
Land improvements: 15 years
Buildings and leasehold improvements: 15 to 40 years
Machinery and equipment: five to 10 years
Furniture and fixtures: 10 years
Motor vehicles: three years
7. NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
1994 1995
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Notes payable:
Notes payable on demand in Deutsche Marks to German banks,
issued under revolving credit agreements, interest payable
quarterly................................................. $ 4,359 $ 9,467
Note payable related to acquisition.......................... -- 803
------- -------
$ 4,359 $10,270
======= =======
Long-term debt:
Term loan payable in U.S. dollars to a German bank........... $ 5,000 $ 5,000
Note payable in Deutsche Marks to a U.S. bank................ 3,226 3,478
Notes payable in Deutsche Marks to a German bank............. 4,173 4,688
Other........................................................ 297 280
------- -------
12,696 13,446
Less current portion........................................... 609 699
------- -------
$12,087 $12,747
======= =======
</TABLE>
Current agreements with banks provide for lines of credit under revolving
credit agreements and long-term loans payable up to $20,155 of which $17,633 is
outstanding at December 31, 1995. The agreements contain certain restrictive
covenants that the Company has complied with at December 31, 1995. The interest
rates under the lines of credit are variable (3.5% to 6.1325% at
F-9
<PAGE> 103
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
December 31, 1995), being based on, among other things, the prevailing
prime rate and the source of borrowed funds, whether from the domestic money
supply, Deutsche Marks, or from Eurodollars.
The note payable of $803 is payable in a single payment in 1996. Interest
is due at time note matures at an annual rate of 6.5%.
The term loan of $5,000 is payable in a single payment in 1997. Interest is
paid semi-annually at 6.9%.
The note payable of $3,478 is payable in a single payment of 5,000 Deutsche
Marks on January 1, 1997. Interest is paid semi-annually at 5.75%.
The notes payable of $4,688 are payable in 6,739 Deutsche Marks, with
maturities that extend to 2004 at rates of 5.75% to 7.75%.
Land and building in Germany having a net book value of $4,537 are pledged
as collateral for the German revolving credit agreements and the German bank
notes payable.
At December 31, 1995, the fair value of the Company's outstanding debt
approximates its carrying value.
At December 31, 1995, the total amounts due each year as minimum payments
under long-term debt were as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1996...................................................... $ 699
1997...................................................... 9,468
1998...................................................... 709
1999...................................................... 640
2000...................................................... 619
Thereafter................................................ 1,311
-------
$13,446
=======
</TABLE>
Cash paid for interest amounted to $2,287, $1,874 and $1,809 in the years
ended December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively.
8. CAPITALIZED LEASES
The Company leases land and buildings from related parties under agreements
accounted for as capital leases. The leases have primary terms ranging from two
to five years and generally contain renewal options. Accordingly, the Company
has recorded the land and buildings under the lease agreements as property,
plant and equipment and the corresponding indebtedness is recorded as a
liability. Certain of the land and buildings had been previously owned by the
Company prior to their sale to and subsequent leaseback from the related
parties. The price for the properties and the rental amounts were based upon
appraisals by independent real estate appraisers. The Company's gain on these
sales is being amortized over the remaining lives of the buildings, which ranged
from 15 to 30 years.
During 1994, the Company entered into a capital lease in the amount of $288
with a related party for land and buildings. During 1995, a $1,030 capital lease
for land and building with a related party was terminated.
F-10
<PAGE> 104
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
On July 25, 1996, the Company purchased the land and buildings formerly
under the capital lease with related parties for $5,600. The price was based
upon appraisals by independent real estate appraisers. No gain or loss was
recognized by the Company on this transaction.
At December 31, 1995, the total amounts due each year as minimum payments
under capitalized leases were as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1996........................................................ $ 494
1997........................................................ 494
1998........................................................ 494
1999........................................................ 494
2000........................................................ 494
Thereafter.................................................. 5,918
------
8,388
Less interest............................................... 4,748
------
Present value of minimum debt payments...................... $3,640
======
</TABLE>
9. ACCRUED AND SUNDRY LIABILITIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------
1994 1995
------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
Salaries, wages and bonuses..................................... $ 970 $ 970
Profit sharing and 401(k) plans................................. 795 809
Commissions..................................................... 500 471
Interest........................................................ 163 181
Taxes, other than income taxes.................................. 88 199
Withholdings.................................................... 469 227
Medical insurance............................................... 351 596
Professional fees............................................... 27 56
Customer payment advances and credits........................... 99 317
Accrued warranties.............................................. 308 382
Accrued indemnity............................................... 55 203
Sundry.......................................................... 155 354
------ ------
$3,980 $4,765
====== ======
</TABLE>
10. INCOME TAXES
TKC files a consolidated Federal income tax return which includes the
Company. The current and deferred tax expense and benefit for the Company are
recorded as if it files on a stand-alone basis. All participants in the
consolidated income tax return are separately liable for the full amount of the
taxes, including penalties and interest, if any, which may be assessed against
the consolidated group. The current provision for United States income taxes is
recorded to the intercompany account with TKC.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences
between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting
purposes and the amounts used for income
F-11
<PAGE> 105
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
tax purposes. The significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets
and liabilities as of December 31, 1994 and 1995 are as follows:
COMPONENTS OF DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------
1994 1995
------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
Current deferred tax assets (liabilities):
Reserve for inventory obsolescence............................. $ 373 $ 385
Reserve for bad debts.......................................... 250 109
Prepaid insurance.............................................. (140) (157)
Other.......................................................... 166 152
------ ------
Total current deferred tax assets...................... $ 649 $ 489
------ ------
Noncurrent deferred tax (assets) liabilities:
Property, plant, and equipment, primarily differences in
depreciation methods........................................ $2,255 $2,466
Deferred compensation.......................................... (183) (189)
Deferred gain on sale of building.............................. (220) (201)
Capital leases................................................. (227) (224)
------ ------
Total noncurrent deferred tax liabilities.............. $1,625 $1,852
------ ------
Net deferred tax liability............................. $ 976 $1,363
====== ======
</TABLE>
Summarized in the following tables are the Company's provision for income
taxes, the components of the provision for deferred income taxes and a
reconciliation of the U.S. statutory rate to the tax provision rate.
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1993 1994 1995
------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current provision
Federal...................................... $2,337 $3,016 $2,771
State and local.............................. 360 450 426
Foreign...................................... (906) 109 22
------ ------ ------
1,791 3,575 3,219
------ ------ ------
Deferred provision
Federal...................................... (140) -- 235
Foreign...................................... 300 88 152
------ ------ ------
160 88 387
------ ------ ------
$1,951 $3,663 $3,606
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
F-12
<PAGE> 106
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
The differences between the provision and the amount computed by applying
the statutory Federal income tax rate are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1993 1994 1995
------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Income before income taxes............................. $5,145 $8,845 $8,854
====== ====== ======
Tax on above amount at 34%............................. $1,749 $3,007 $3,010
State income taxes..................................... 238 298 281
Foreign tax rates in excess of U.S. statutory rate..... (30) 130 67
Foreign losses without tax benefit..................... -- 106 338
Other, net............................................. (6) 122 (90)
------ ------ ------
Provision for income taxes............................. $1,951 $3,663 $3,606
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
In 1995, CKS utilized a net loss carryforward to offset current tax payable
of approximately $210. At December 31, 1995, the Company's subsidiaries had net
operating loss carryforwards aggregating approximately $1,600, substantially all
of which have no expiration dates.
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries which are intended to be
indefinitely reinvested aggregated approximately $1,231 at the end of 1995. In
the event these earnings were to be repatriated, foreign income tax credits and
deductions under existing U.S. federal income tax laws would offset a portion of
any additional U.S. tax liability.
11. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
IKS and CKS have profit sharing plans for their employees. Annual
contributions are determined annually by their Boards of Directors. Expense for
these plans was $421 in 1993, $837 in 1994 and $818 in 1995.
IKS participates in a 401(k) plan covering substantially all of its
domestic employees. Company contributions are determined annually by the Board
of Directors. The plan provides that IKS contribute one-half of employee
contributions, up to a maximum of 2% of an employee's annual compensation. The
Company's contributions to the plan amounted to $162 in 1993, $179 in 1994 and
$202 in 1995.
IKG has a pension plan covering a majority of German employees who qualify
as to age and length of service. Entrance into the plan is at age 30 with
defined benefits payable at age 65. Vesting requirements vary dependent on
employment category, contracts and years of service requirements which range
from five to fifteen years. The following table sets forth the status of the
Company's defined pension plan for certain employees in Germany. Consistent with
customary practice in Germany, this plan has not been funded. Benefit payments
are funded from current operations.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------
PENSION COST 1993 1994 1995
- ------------------------------------------------------- --------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost (benefits earned during the period)....... $ 15 $ 17 $ 19
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation.......... 93 90 103
Net amortization and deferral.......................... 14 15 15
---- ---- ----
Pension cost........................................... $ 122 $ 122 $ 137
==== ==== ====
</TABLE>
F-13
<PAGE> 107
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
FUNDED STATUS AT YEAR-END 1994 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Vested benefit obligation.............................................. (1,074) (1,195)
Non-vested benefit obligation.......................................... (106) (118)
--------- ---------
-- --
Accumulated benefit obligation......................................... (1,180) (1,313)
Projected benefit obligation........................................... (1,223) (1,358)
Unrecognized net loss.................................................. 2 2
Unrecognized net obligation............................................ 243 228
--------- ---------
-- --
Accrued pension cost................................................... (978) (1,128)
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
ACTUARIAL ASSUMPTIONS 1993 1994 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Discount rate.......................................................... 7.5% 8.5% 7.5%
Rate of increase in future compensation levels......................... 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%
</TABLE>
In addition to the above accrued pension cost at December 31, 1995, the
Company also had a fully funded pension liability of $130 for an employee that
was transferred from an affiliate of the Company.
12. RELATED PARTIES
The consolidated financial statements include the following transactions
and balances, other than as indicated elsewhere in these financial statements,
with companies under common controlling ownership with the Company:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1993 1994 1995
------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Notes (payable to) receivable from affiliated
companies.............................................. $ -- $ 758 $ (280)
Notes receivable from shareholders and officers.......... -- 1,818 235
Other receivables from (payables to) affiliated
companies.............................................. -- (456) (423)
Net interest expense..................................... 718 276 158
Purchased administrative and manufacturing services...... 1,100 1,309 1,473
Rental Payments to related parties under capital lease... 664 698 662
</TABLE>
13. OPERATING LEASES
Future minimum rentals required under operating leases are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, BUILDINGS OTHER TOTAL
-------------------------------------------------- --------- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1996.............................................. $ 392 $21 $ 413
1997.............................................. 249 1 250
1998.............................................. 97 -- 97
1999.............................................. 7 -- 7
---- --- ----
$ 745 $22 $ 767
==== === ====
</TABLE>
Consolidated rent expense was $311 for 1993, $335 for 1994, and $323 for
1995.
F-14
<PAGE> 108
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
14. ORGANIZATION
The Company manufactures, markets and services primarily industrial knives
and saws internationally, and its customers include distributors, original
equipment manufacturers and customers purchasing replacement parts and services.
The Company has a leading market share in each of the major sectors it serves:
Paper & Packaging; Wood; Metal; and Plastic & Recycling. The Company's sales are
principally in the United States, Canada and Europe (Germany), representing 63%,
10% and 26% of 1995 net sales, respectively. The Company has recently expanded
its operations into Latin America and Asia, and plans to continue its
international growth. As a result of the Company's broad product range and
numerous applications, no customer accounts for more than 3% of net sales. The
Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and generally does
not require collateral.
The following table summarizes the Company's United States, Canadian and
European (Germany) operations.
Sales of United States operations include export sales of $2,818 in 1993,
$3,850 in 1994, and $3,517 in 1995.
Total sales of the Company's operations to unaffiliated customers outside
the United States were $32,956 in 1993, $37,273 in 1994, and $43,830 in 1995,
respectively.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
1993 1994 1995
------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
United States Operations
Sales to unaffiliated companies........................... $57,010 $62,906 $67,792
Operating income.......................................... 8,418 10,127 9,661
Assets.................................................... 45,697 45,982 50,444
Capital expenditures...................................... 3,058 2,006 3,481
Depreciation and amortization............................. 2,376 2,508 2,650
European Operations (Germany)
Sales to unaffiliated companies........................... 20,161 19,906 27,193
Operating income.......................................... (680) 714 (19)
Assets.................................................... 18,407 19,815 25,537
Capital expenditures...................................... 5,699 1,160 634
Depreciation and amortization............................. 561 762 828
Canadian Operations
Sales to unaffiliated companies........................... 7,793 9,635 10,678
Operating income.......................................... (512) 272 711
Assets.................................................... 7,090 6,844 8,513
Capital expenditures...................................... 356 216 521
Depreciation and amortization............................. 233 252 293
Other Operations
Sales to unaffiliated companies........................... -- -- 1,367
Operating income.......................................... -- -- (332)
Assets.................................................... -- -- 1,203
Capital expenditures...................................... -- -- 27
Depreciation and amortization............................. -- -- 15
</TABLE>
F-15
<PAGE> 109
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
15. CHINA INVESTMENT
Effective January 1, 1996, the Company acquired a 51% interest in two China
companies, Shanghai IKS Lida Mechanical Blade Co. Ltd. and Shanghai IKS
Mechanical Blade Co. Ltd. for $2.8 million. The consolidated financial
statements include the accounts of both companies effective January 1, 1996.
16. OPERATING RESULTS BY QUARTER (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994
-------------------------------------------
QTR 1 QTR 2 QTR 3 QTR 4
------- ------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales................................ $22,659 $22,865 $23,818 $23,105
Gross profit............................. 7,164 6,595 7,348 9,067
Net income............................... 1,102 1,150 1,706 1,224
<CAPTION>
1995
-------------------------------------------
QTR 1 QTR 2 QTR 3 QTR 4
------- ------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales................................ $26,182 $25,437 $28,409 $27,002
Gross profit............................. 7,994 7,734 7,083 8,162
Net income............................... 1,544 1,133 1,574 997
</TABLE>
17. RECAPITALIZATION TRANSACTION
On November 6, 1996, TKC ("IKS Holdings") completed a recapitalization. IKS
Holdings amended its charter to authorize two new classes of common stock,
consisting of voting common stock (the "Holdings Class A Stock") and non-voting
common stock (the "Holdings Class B Stock" and, together with the Holdings Class
A Stock, the "Holdings Common Stock") and a new class of preferred stock (the
"Holdings Preferred Stock"). The issued and outstanding capital stock of IKS
Holdings was exchanged for a Recapitalization Distribution which consisted of
(1) approximately $86,600 in cash and (2) Junior Subordinated Debentures of IKS
Holdings (the "Holdings Debentures"), Holdings Preferred Stock and Holdings
Class A Stock with an aggregate value of approximately $9,400. Certain key
employees of the Company purchased Holdings Debentures, Holdings Preferred Stock
and Holdings Class A Stock from IKS Holdings for approximately $1,300 in cash.
Citicorp Venture Capital Ltd. ("CVC") purchased Holdings Debentures, Holdings
Preferred Stock, Holdings Class A Stock and Holdings Class B Stock for
approximately $14,300 in cash.
In connection with this recapitalization IKS issued $90,000 of Senior
Subordinated Notes, the proceeds of which were used to pay a cash dividend to
IKS Holdings, pay amounts due to IKS Holdings and retire other notes payable and
long-term debt. In addition, the Company entered into new revolving credit
facilities totalling $25,000.
F-16
<PAGE> 110
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
------------------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents............................................... $ 6,544
Accounts receivable, trade, less allowances for doubtful accounts
of $1,428............................................................ 20,647
Other receivables....................................................... 906
Inventories............................................................. 30,554
Prepaid expenses, deferred taxes and sundry............................. 1,854
-------
Total current assets...................................................... 60,505
Other assets:
Cash value of life insurance............................................ 414
Notes receivable........................................................ 215
Advances and investments................................................ 364
Cost in excess of net assets acquired................................... 2,012
Deposits, deferred charges and sundry................................... 1,003
-------
4,008
Property, plant and equipment:
Cost.................................................................... 54,467
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization.......................... 25,569
-------
Property, plant and equipment, net........................................ 28,898
-------
Total assets.............................................................. $ 93,411
=======
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Notes payable........................................................... $ 8,935
Current portion of long-term debt....................................... 5,588
Accounts and drafts payable............................................. 6,552
Accrued and sundry liabilities.......................................... 6,474
Due to parent........................................................... 11,142
-------
Total current liabilities................................................. 38,691
Long-term debt, less current portion...................................... 3,280
Joint venture indebtedness................................................ 3,801
Deferred taxes............................................................ 1,842
Other liabilities......................................................... 1,827
Minority interest......................................................... 2,178
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock, no par value -- authorized -- 580,000 shares; issued --
526,904 shares; outstanding -- 481,971 shares........................ 5
Additional paid-in capital.............................................. 8,125
Retained earnings....................................................... 36,204
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment...................... 890
Treasury stock, at cost................................................. (3,432)
-------
Total shareholders' equity................................................ 41,792
-------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity................................ $ 93,411
=======
</TABLE>
See accompanying note.
F-17
<PAGE> 111
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH PERIODS
ENDED
SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------
1995 1996
------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS,
EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C>
Net sales.............................................................. $79,238 $89,256
Cost of sales.......................................................... 56,047 62,748
------- -------
23,191 26,508
Selling, general and administrative expenses........................... 16,411 17,607
Other.................................................................. 72 --
------- -------
6,708 8,901
Other expenses (income):
Interest income...................................................... (219) (242)
Interest expense..................................................... 1,378 1,907
Sundry, net.......................................................... (543) 225
Minority interest.................................................... -- (191)
------- -------
616 1,699
------- -------
Income before income taxes............................................. 6,092 7,202
Provision for income taxes............................................. 2,615 2,350
------- -------
Net income................................................... $ 3,477 $ 4,852
======= =======
Net income per common share............................................ $ 7.21 $ 10.07
</TABLE>
See accompanying note.
F-18
<PAGE> 112
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CUMULATIVE
FOREIGN
ADDITIONAL CURRENCY TOTAL
COMMON PAID-IN RETAINED TRANSLATION TREASURY SHAREHOLDERS'
STOCK CAPITAL EARNINGS ADJUSTMENT STOCK EQUITY
------ ---------- -------- ----------- -------- -------------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1995..... $5 $8,125 $ 32,557 $ 774 $ (3,432) $38,029
Net income..................... 4,852 4,852
Foreign currency translation
adjustment.................. 116 116
Cash dividends................. (1,205) (1,205)
-- ---------- -------- --------- -------- ----------
Balance at September 30, 1996.... $5 $8,125 $ 36,204 $ 890 $ (3,432) $41,792
======= ======== ======== ========= ======== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying note.
F-19
<PAGE> 113
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NINE MONTH
PERIODS ENDED
SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------
1995 1996
------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income............................................................. $ 3,477 $ 4,852
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization........................................ 2,575 3,264
Deferred income taxes................................................ 153 (156)
(Gain) loss on sale of fixed assets.................................. (5) (50)
Minority interest.................................................... -- (191)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities net of effects from
purchases of operations:
Accounts receivable............................................... (1,700) (1,438)
Inventories....................................................... (5,815) (1,049)
Prepaid and sundry................................................ 156 (328)
Accounts and drafts payable....................................... (23) (1,412)
Accrued and sundry liabilities.................................... 1,400 1,599
Other, net........................................................ 218 (908)
------- -------
Net cash provided by operating activities.............................. 436 4,183
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of operations, net of cash acquired.......................... (702) --
Purchases of fixed assets.............................................. (2,781) (7,312)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets..................................... 21 70
Decrease (increase) in notes and other receivables..................... 3,095 20
------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities.................................. (367) (7,222)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Increase (decrease) in amounts due to parent and affiliates............ (743) 7,188
Increase (decrease) in notes payable and long-term debt................ 4,235 (6,673)
Dividends paid......................................................... (1,205) (1,205)
------- -------
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities....................... 2,287 (690)
------- -------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents....................... 2,356 (3,729)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year.............................................................. 6,574 10,273
------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period............................. $ 8,930 $ 6,544
======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying note.
F-20
<PAGE> 114
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE & SAW, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements contain all
adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the
opinion of the management of International Knife & Saw, Inc. and Subsidiaries,
(the Company), necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position
of the Company as of September 30, 1996 and the consolidated results of
operations and cash flows of the Company for the nine month periods ended
September 30, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Results of operations for the periods
presented are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full fiscal
year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December
31, 1995.
2. REALTY ACQUISITION
On July 25, 1996, the Company purchased the land and buildings formerly
under capital lease with related parties for $5,600. The price was based upon
appraisals by independent real estate appraisers. No gain or loss was recognized
by the Company on this transaction.
F-21
<PAGE> 115
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------------------------------------------------------
NO PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY
REPRESENTATIONS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS AND, IF GIVEN OR
MADE, SUCH INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN
AUTHORIZED. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE
SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY ANY SECURITIES OTHER THAN THOSE TO WHICH IT
RELATES, NOR DOES IT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER
TO BUY SUCH SECURITIES IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH SUCH SOLICITATION IS
UNLAWFUL. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE MADE HEREUNDER
SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE ANY IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO
CHANGE IN THE AFFAIRS OF THE COMPANY SINCE THE DATE HEREOF OR THAT THE
INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS CORRECT AS OF ANY TIME SUBSEQUENT TO THE DATE
HEREOF.
------------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
-----
<S> <C>
Available Information................. i
Summary............................... 1
Risk Factors.......................... 9
The Transactions...................... 14
Use of Proceeds....................... 15
Capitalization........................ 17
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated
Financial Information............... 18
Selected Historical and Pro Forma
Financial Data...................... 23
Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations....................... 26
The Exchange Offer.................... 32
Business.............................. 38
Management............................ 50
Stock Ownership....................... 55
Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions........................ 59
Description of Certain Indebtedness... 60
Description of the Notes.............. 62
Book-Entry; Delivery and Form......... 88
Certain Federal Income Tax
Considerations...................... 89
Plan of Distribution.................. 91
Legal Matters......................... 91
Experts............................... 91
Index to Financial Statements......... F-1
</TABLE>
------------------------
UNTIL MAY 15, 1997 (90 DAYS AFTER THE DATE
OF THIS PROSPECTUS), ALL DEALERS EFFECTING TRANSACTIONS IN THE NOTES, WHETHER OR
NOT PARTICIPATING IN THE ORIGINAL DISTRIBUTION, MAY BE REQUIRED TO DELIVER A
PROSPECTUS. THIS IS IN ADDITION TO THE OBLIGATION OF DEALERS TO DELIVER A
PROSPECTUS WHEN ACTING AS UNDERWRITERS AND WITH RESPECT TO THEIR UNSOLD
ALLOTMENTS OR SUBSCRIPTIONS.
------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
----------------
PROSPECTUS
----------------
$90,000,000
IKS LOGO
INTERNATIONAL KNIFE &
SAW, INC.
OFFER TO EXCHANGE
11 3/8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006
FOR ALL OUTSTANDING
11 3/8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006
FEBRUARY 14, 1997
------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
