<PAGE>
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON APRIL 3, 1997
SECURITIES ACT FILE NO. 333-22645
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE NO. 811-08081
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM N-2
[X] REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1
[X] POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO.
[_] AND/OR
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
[X] AMENDMENT NO. 1
[X]
(CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX OR BOXES)
--------------
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN CHARTER)
--------------
800 SCUDDERS MILL ROAD
PLAINSBORO, NEW JERSEY 08536
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
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(609) 282-2800
(REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE)
--------------
ARTHUR ZEIKEL
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
800 SCUDDERS MILL ROAD, PLAINSBORO, NEW JERSEY 08536
MAILING ADDRESS: P.O. BOX 9011, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 08543-9011
(NAME AND ADDRESS OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
--------------
COPIES TO:
MARK B. GOLDFUS, ESQ. FUND ASSET FRANK P. BRUNO, ESQ. BROWN & WOOD LLP
MANAGEMENT, L.P. P.O. BOX 9011 ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER NEW YORK, NEW
PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 08543-9011 YORK 10048-0557
--------------
APPROXIMATE DATE OF PROPOSED PUBLIC OFFERING: As soon as practicable after
the effective date of this Registration Statement.
--------------
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on
a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), other than securities offered only in
connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following
box. [_]
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering.
[_]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the
same offering.
[_]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434
under the Securities Act, please check the following box. [_]
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PROPOSED
PROPOSED MAXIMUM
TITLE OF AMOUNT MAXIMUM AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF
SECURITIES BEING BEING OFFERING PRICE OFFERING REGISTRATION
REGISTERED REGISTERED PER UNIT(2) PRICE(2) FEE(3)
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<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Common Stock ($.10 par
value) 7,705,000 shares(1) $15.00 $115,575,000 $35,022.73
</TABLE>
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(1) Includes 1,005,000 shares subject to the Underwriters' over-allotment
option.
(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee.
(3) Transmitted prior to the filing date to the designated lockbox at Mellon
Bank in Pittsburgh, PA. $303.03 was previously paid. $34,719.70 has been
transmitted in connection with this filing.
--------------
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR
DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT
SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS
REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH
SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID
SECTION 8(A), MAY DETERMINE.
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<PAGE>
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. A +
+REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE +
+SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY +
+OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED PRIOR TO THE TIME THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT +
+BECOMES EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR +
+THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR SHALL THERE BE ANY SALE OF THESE +
+SECURITIES IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE +
+UNLAWFUL PRIOR TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF +
+ANY SUCH STATE. +
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS DATED APRIL 3, 1997
PROSPECTUS
6,700,000 SHARES
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
COMMON STOCK
--------------
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. (the "Fund") is a newly organized, non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company that seeks to provide shareholders
with current income exempt from Federal income taxes. The Fund seeks to achieve
its investment objective by investing primarily in a portfolio of long-term,
investment grade municipal obligations the interest on which, in the opinion of
bond counsel to the issuer, is exempt from Federal income taxes. The Fund
intends to maintain at least 75% of its total assets in municipal obligations
that are rated investment grade or, if unrated, are considered by Fund Asset
Management, L.P. (the "Investment Adviser") to be of comparable quality. THE
FUND MAY INVEST UP TO 25% OF ITS TOTAL ASSETS IN MUNICIPAL OBLIGATIONS THAT ARE
RATED BELOW INVESTMENT GRADE OR, IF UNRATED, ARE CONSIDERED BY THE INVESTMENT
ADVISER TO BE OF COMPARABLE QUALITY. Investors are advised to read this
Prospectus carefully and retain it for future reference.
Because the Fund is newly organized, its shares have no history of public
trading. Shares of closed-end investment companies frequently trade at a
discount from their net asset value. This risk may be greater for investors
expecting to sell their shares in a relatively short period after completion of
the public offering. See "Prospectus Summary--Risk Factors and Special
Considerations."
Within approximately three months after completion of the offering of Common
Stock described herein, the Fund intends to offer shares of preferred stock
representing approximately 35% of the Fund's capital immediately after the
issuance of such preferred stock. There can be no assurance, however, that
preferred stock representing such percentage of the Fund's capital will
actually be issued. INVESTORS SHOULD NOTE THE SPECIAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE
LEVERAGING OF THE COMMON STOCK. SEE "RISKS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS OF
LEVERAGE" AND "DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK."
(Continued on next page)
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR HAS THE COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR
ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION
TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRICE TO SALES LOAD PROCEEDS TO
PUBLIC (1)(2) FUND(3)
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<S> <C> <C> <C>
Per Share................................. $15.00 None $15.00
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Total(4).................................. $100,500,000 None $100,500,000
</TABLE>
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(1) The Investment Adviser or an affiliate will pay the Underwriter a
commission in the amount of % of the Price to Public per share in
connection with the sale of shares of Common Stock offered hereby. See
"Underwriting."
(2) The Fund and the Investment Adviser have agreed to indemnify the
Underwriter against certain liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.
See "Underwriting."
(3) Before deducting organizational and offering expenses payable by the Fund
estimated at $ .
(4) The Fund has granted the Underwriter an option to purchase up to an
additional 1,005,000 shares to cover over-allotments. If all such shares
are purchased, the total Price to Public and Proceeds to Fund will be
$115,575,000. See "Underwriting."
--------------
The shares are offered by the Underwriter, subject to prior sale, when, as
and if issued by the Fund and accepted by the Underwriter, subject to approval
of certain legal matters by counsel for the Underwriter and certain other
conditions. The Underwriter reserves the right to withdraw, cancel or modify
such offer and to reject orders in whole or in part. It is expected that
delivery of the shares will be made in New York, New York on or about April ,
1997.
--------------
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
--------------
The date of this Prospectus is April , 1997.
<PAGE>
(Continued from preceding page)
The Fund may invest in certain tax-exempt securities classified as "private
activity bonds" that may subject certain investors in the Fund to an
alternative minimum tax. At times, the Fund may seek to hedge its portfolio
through the use of options and futures transactions. There can be no assurance
that the investment objective of the Fund will be realized. The Fund is
designed primarily for long-term investors and should not be considered a
vehicle for trading purposes. The address of the Fund is 800 Scudders Mill
Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536, and its telephone number is (609) 282-
2800.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Common Stock
of the Fund. The Fund's shares of Common Stock have been approved for listing
on the New York Stock Exchange. However, during an initial period which is not
expected to exceed four weeks from the date of this Prospectus, the Fund's
shares will not be listed on any securities exchange. During such period, the
Underwriter does not intend to make a market in the Fund's shares.
Consequently, it is anticipated that an investment in the Fund will be
illiquid during such period.
The issuance of the preferred stock will result in leveraging of the Common
Stock. Although the terms of the preferred stock offering will be determined
by the Fund's Board of Directors, it is anticipated that the preferred stock
will pay dividends that will be adjusted over either relatively short-term
periods (generally seven to 28 days) or medium-term periods (up to five years)
and that the dividend rate will be based upon prevailing interest rates for
debt obligations of comparable maturity. The proceeds of the preferred stock
offering will be invested in longer-term obligations in accordance with the
Fund's investment objective. Because under normal market conditions,
obligations with longer maturities produce higher yields than short-term and
medium-term obligations, the Investment Adviser believes that the spread
inherent in the difference between the short-term and medium-term rates paid
by the Fund and the longer-term rates received by the Fund will provide
holders of Common Stock with a potentially higher yield.
The Underwriter may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or
otherwise affect the price of the Fund's Common Stock. Such transactions may
include stabilizing, the purchase of the Fund's Common Stock to cover short
positions and the imposition of penalty bids. For a description of these
activities, see "Underwriting."
2
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the more
detailed information included elsewhere in this Prospectus.
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. (the "Fund") is a newly organized, non-
THE FUND diversified, closed-end management investment company. See "The
Fund."
THE The Fund is offering 6,700,000 shares of Common Stock at an
OFFERING initial offering price of $15.00 per share. The Common Stock is
being offered by Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated ("Merrill Lynch" or the "Underwriter"). The
Underwriter has been granted an option, exercisable for 45 days
from the date of this Prospectus, to purchase up to 1,005,000
additional shares to cover over-allotments. See "Underwriting."
The investment objective of the Fund is to provide shareholders
INVESTMENT with current income exempt from Federal income taxes. The Fund
OBJECTIVE will seek to achieve its investment objective by investing
AND primarily in a portfolio of long-term, investment grade
POLICIES municipal obligations the interest on which, in the opinion of
bond counsel to the issuer, is exempt from Federal income
taxes. The Fund intends to maintain at least 75% of its total
assets in municipal obligations that are rated investment grade
or, if unrated, are considered by the Investment Adviser to be
of comparable quality. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its
total assets in municipal obligations that are rated below
investment grade or, if unrated, are considered by the
Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality. Such lower
quality municipal obligations (also commonly referred to as
"junk bonds") are frequently traded only in markets where the
number of potential purchasers and sellers, if any, is very
limited. See "Investment Objective and Policies."
LISTING Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the
Common Stock of the Fund. The shares of Common Stock have been
approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange. However,
during an initial period, which is not expected to exceed four
weeks from the date of this Prospectus, the Fund's shares will
not be listed on any securities exchange. During such period,
the Underwriters do not intend to make a market in the Fund's
shares. Consequently, it is anticipated that an investment in
the Fund will be illiquid during such period. See
"Underwriting."
The Fund anticipates that it will be substantially invested in
LEVERAGE longer-term municipal obligations within approximately three
months after completion of the offering of Common Stock
described herein. To leverage the Common Stock, the Fund
intends to offer shares of preferred stock within three months
after completion of this offering representing approximately
35% of the Fund's capital immediately after the issuance of
such preferred stock. There can be no assurance, however, that
preferred stock representing such percentage of the Fund's
capital will actually be issued. The issuance of the preferred
stock will result in the leveraging of the Common Stock.
Although the terms of the preferred stock offering will be
determined by the Fund's Board of Directors, it is anticipated
that the preferred stock will pay dividends that will
3
<PAGE>
be adjusted over either relatively short-term periods
(generally seven to 28 days) or medium-term periods (up to five
years) and that the dividend rate will be based upon prevailing
interest rates for debt obligations of comparable maturity. The
proceeds of the preferred stock offering will be invested in
longer-term obligations in accordance with the Fund's
investment objective. Issuance and ongoing expenses of the
preferred stock will be borne by the Fund and will reduce the
net asset value of the Common Stock. Additionally, under
certain circumstances, when the Fund is required to allocate
taxable income to holders of preferred stock, it is anticipated
that the terms of the preferred stock will require the Fund to
make an additional distribution to such holders in an amount
approximately equal to the tax liability resulting from such
allocation and such additional distribution (such amount, an
"Additional Distribution").
The use of leverage by the Fund creates an opportunity for
increased net income, but, at the same time, creates special
risks. Because, under normal market conditions, obligations
with longer maturities produce higher yields than short-term
and medium-term obligations, the Investment Adviser believes
that the spread inherent in the difference between the short-
term and medium-term rates (and any Additional Distribution)
paid by the Fund and the longer-term rates received by the Fund
will provide holders of Common Stock with a potentially higher
yield. Investors should note, however, that leverage creates
certain risks for holders of Common Stock, including higher
volatility of both the net asset value and market value of the
Common Stock. Since any decline in the value of the Fund's
investments will be borne entirely by holders of Common Stock,
the effect of leverage in a declining market would result in a
greater decrease in net asset value than if the Fund were not
leveraged, which would likely be reflected in a decline in the
market price for shares of Common Stock. Additionally,
fluctuations in the dividend rates on, and the amount of
taxable income allocable to, the preferred stock will affect
the yield to holders of Common Stock. See "Risks and Special
Considerations of Leverage." Upon issuance of the preferred
stock, holders of the Common Stock will receive all net income
of the Fund remaining after payment of dividends (and any
Additional Distribution) on the preferred stock and will
generally be entitled to a pro rata share of net realized
capital gains. Upon any liquidation of the Fund, the holders of
shares of preferred stock will be entitled to receive
liquidating distributions (expected to equal the original
purchase price per share of preferred stock plus any
accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon and any accumulated
and unpaid Additional Distribution) before any distribution is
made to holders of Common Stock. See "Description of Capital
Stock--Preferred Stock."
Holders of preferred stock, voting as a separate class, will be
entitled to elect two of the Fund's Directors, and holders of
common and preferred stock, voting together as a single class,
will be entitled to elect the remaining Directors. If, at any
time, dividends on the Fund's preferred stock were to be in
arrears in an amount equal to two full years of dividend
payments, the holders of all outstanding shares of preferred
stock, voting as a separate class, would be entitled to elect a
majority of the Fund's Directors. The holders of preferred
stock will also vote separately on certain other matters as
required under the Fund's Articles of Incorporation, the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and
Maryland law, but otherwise will have equal voting rights with
holders of Common Stock (one vote per share)
4
<PAGE>
and will vote together with holders of Common Stock as a single
class. See "Description of Capital Stock--Preferred Stock--
Voting Rights."
There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to realize
a higher net return on its investment portfolio than the then
current dividend rate (and any Additional Distribution) on the
preferred stock. Changes in certain factors could cause the
relationship between the short-term and medium-term dividend
rates (and any Additional Distribution) paid by the Fund on the
preferred stock and the long-term rates received by the Fund
and its investment portfolio to change so that such short-term
and medium-term rates (and any Additional Distribution) may
substantially increase relative to rates on the long-term
obligations in which the Fund may be invested. Under such
conditions, the benefit of leverage to holders of Common Stock
will be reduced, and the Fund's leveraged capital structure
could result in a lower rate of return to holders of Common
Stock than if the Fund were not leveraged. The Fund will have
the authority to redeem the preferred stock for any reason and
may redeem all or part of the preferred stock if it anticipates
that the Fund's leveraged capital structure will result in a
lower rate of return to holders of the Common Stock than that
obtainable if the Common Stock were unleveraged for any
significant amount of time.
Prior to the time it offers the preferred stock, the Fund
intends to apply for ratings on such stock from one or more
nationally recognized statistical ratings organizations
("NRSROs"). The Fund believes that obtaining a rating for the
preferred stock will enhance the marketability of the preferred
stock and thereby reduce the dividend rate on the preferred
stock from that which the Fund would be required to pay if the
preferred stock were not rated.
INVESTMENT Fund Asset Management, L.P. is the Fund's investment adviser
ADVISER (the "Investment Adviser") and is responsible for the
management of the Fund's investment portfolio and for providing
administrative services to the Fund. For its services, the Fund
pays the Investment Adviser a monthly fee at the annual rate of
0.55 of 1% of the Fund's average weekly net assets. The
Investment Adviser is an affiliate of Merrill Lynch Asset
Management, L.P. ("MLAM"), which is owned and controlled by
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ("ML & Co."). The Investment Adviser
or MLAM acts as the investment adviser for over 130 registered
management investment companies. The Investment Adviser also
offers portfolio management and portfolio analysis services to
individuals and institutions. As of February 28, 1997, the
Investment Adviser and MLAM had a total of approximately $248.2
billion in investment company and other portfolio assets under
management (approximately $32.1 billion of which was invested
in municipal securities), including accounts of certain
affiliates of the Investment Adviser. See "Investment Advisory
and Management Arrangements."
DIVIDENDS The Fund intends to pay dividends monthly and to distribute
AND substantially all of its net investment income to holders of
DISTRIBUT- Common Stock. From and after issuance of the preferred stock,
IONS monthly distributions to holders of Common Stock will consist
of substantially all net investment income remaining after the
payment of dividends (and any Additional Distribution) on the
preferred stock. It is expected that the Fund will commence
paying dividends to holders of Common Stock within
approximately 90 days from the date of this Prospectus. Net
capital
5
<PAGE>
gains, if any, will be distributed at least annually to holders
of Common Stock and, after issuance of the preferred stock, on
a pro rata basis to holders of Common Stock and preferred
stock. When capital gains or other taxable income is allocated
to holders of preferred stock under certain circumstances, it
is anticipated that the terms of the preferred stock will
require the Fund to make an Additional Distribution. The Fund
is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other
distribution on its Common Stock unless asset coverage (as
defined in the 1940 Act) with respect to the Fund's preferred
stock is at least 200%. If the Fund issues preferred stock
representing 35% of its capital after the time of issuance, its
asset coverage with respect to the preferred stock will be
approximately 285%. If the Fund's ability to make distributions
on its Common Stock is limited, this could under certain
circumstances impair the ability of the Fund to maintain its
qualification for taxation as a regulated investment company,
which would have adverse tax consequences for holders of Common
Stock. See "Taxes."
AUTOMATIC All dividend and capital gains distributions will be
DIVIDEND automatically reinvested in additional shares of Common Stock
REINVEST- of the Fund unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
MENT Shareholders whose shares are held in the name of a broker or
PLAN nominee should contact such broker or nominee to confirm that
they may participate in the Fund's dividend reinvestment plan.
See "Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan."
MUTUAL Purchasers of shares of Common Stock of the Fund through
FUND Merrill Lynch in this offering will have an investment option
INVESTMENT consisting of the right to reinvest the net proceeds from a
OPTION sale of such shares (the "Original Shares") in Class D initial
sales charge shares of certain Merrill Lynch-sponsored open-end
mutual funds ("Eligible Class D Shares") at their net asset
value, without the imposition of the initial sales charge, if
the conditions set forth below are satisfied. First, the sale
of the Original Shares must be made through Merrill Lynch, and
the net proceeds therefrom must be immediately reinvested in
Eligible Class D Shares. Second, the Original Shares must have
been either acquired in this offering or be shares representing
reinvested dividends from shares of Common Stock acquired in
this offering. Third, the Original Shares must have been
continuously maintained in a Merrill Lynch securities account.
Fourth, there must be a minimum purchase of $250 to be eligible
for the investment option. Class D shares of the mutual funds
are subject to an account maintenance fee at an annual rate of
up to 0.25% of the average daily net asset value of such mutual
fund. See "Mutual Fund Investment Option."
6
<PAGE>
RISK FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
The Fund is a newly organized, non-diversified closed-end management
investment company and has no operating history. As described under "Prospectus
Summary--Listing," it is anticipated that an investment in the Fund will be
illiquid prior to listing of the Fund's shares on the New York Stock Exchange.
See "Underwriting." Shares of closed-end investment companies frequently trade
at a discount from their net asset value. This risk may be greater for
investors expecting to sell their shares in a relatively short period after
completion of the public offering. Accordingly, the Common Stock of the Fund is
designed primarily for long-term investors and should not be considered a
vehicle for trading purposes. The net asset value of the Fund's shares of
Common Stock will fluctuate with interest rate changes as well as with price
changes of the Fund's portfolio securities, and these fluctuations are likely
to be greater in the case of a fund having a leveraged capital structure, as
contemplated for the Fund. See "Risks and Special Considerations of Leverage."
The Fund has registered as a "nondiversified" investment company so that it
will be able to invest more than 5% of its assets in the obligations of any
single issuer, subject to the diversification requirements of Subchapter M of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), applicable to the
Fund. Since the Fund may invest a relatively high percentage of its assets in
the obligations of a limited number of issuers, the Fund may be more
susceptible than a more widely-diversified fund to any single economic,
political or regulatory occurrence.
The Fund intends to invest at least 75% of its total assets in municipal
obligations that are rated in the investment grade rating categories by
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services ("S&P"), Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
("Moody's") or Fitch Investors Service, Inc. ("Fitch") or, if not rated, are
considered to be of comparable quality by the Investment Adviser. Obligations
rated in the lowest investment-grade category may have certain speculative
characteristics. Additionally, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its total
assets in municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade or, if
not rated, are considered by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable
quality. These securities are regarded as predominantly speculative and
investments therein entail certain risks. See "Investment Objective and
Policies." The Fund may invest in certain tax-exempt securities classified as
"private activity bonds" that may subject certain investors in the Fund to the
alternative minimum tax. See "Taxes--General."
The Fund will be subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by
guidelines of one or more NRSROs that may issue ratings for the preferred
stock. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition
requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. It is
not anticipated that these covenants or guidelines will impede the Investment
Adviser from managing the Fund's portfolio in accordance with the Fund's
investment objective and policies.
In order to seek to hedge various portfolio positions or to enhance its
return, the Fund may invest in certain instruments that may be characterized as
derivatives. These investments include various types of options transactions
and futures and options thereon. Such investments also may consist of non-
municipal tax-exempt securities and securities the potential investment return
on which is based on the change in particular measurements of value or interest
rates ("indexed securities"), including securities the potential investment
return on which is inversely related to a change in particular measurements of
value or interest rates ("inverse securities"). The Fund has express
limitations on the percentage of its assets that may be committed to certain
7
<PAGE>
of such investments. Other of such investments have no express quantitative
limitations, although they may be made solely for hedging purposes, not for
speculation, and may in some cases require limitations as to the type of
permissible counterparty to the transaction. Investments in indexed securities,
including inverse securities, subject the Fund to the risks associated with
changes in the particular indices, which may include reduced or eliminated
interest payments and losses of invested principal. Derivative instruments may
have certain characteristics that have a similar effect on the return to Common
Stock investors as the leverage transactions discussed under "Risks and Special
Considerations of Leverage;" however, certain derivative investments will not
be taken into account for purposes of calculating the percentage of leverage of
the Fund's portfolio. For a further discussion of the risks associated with
derivative investments, see "Investment Objective and Policies," "Investment
Objective and Policies--Other Investment Policies--Indexed and Inverse Floating
Obligations," "--Call Rights" and "Investment Objective and Policies--Options
and Futures Transactions."
Subject to its investment restrictions, the Fund is authorized to engage in
options and futures transactions on exchanges and in the over-the-counter
markets ("OTC options") for hedging purposes with certain specified entities
meeting the criteria of the Fund. These transactions involve certain risk
considerations. These risks include the risk of imperfect correlation in
movements in the price of futures contracts and movements in the price of the
security that is the subject of the hedge and the inability to close futures
transactions under certain conditions. Because of the anticipated leveraged
nature of the Common Stock, hedging transactions will result in a larger impact
on the net asset value of the Common Stock than would be the case if the Common
Stock were not leveraged. Certain OTC options and assets used to cover OTC
options written by the Fund may be considered to be illiquid. The illiquidity
of such options or assets may prevent a successful sale of such options or
assets, result in a delay of sale, or reduce the amount of proceeds that might
be otherwise realized. See "Investment Objective and Policies--Options and
Futures Transactions." The Fund intends to apply for ratings of the preferred
stock from one or more NRSROs. In order to obtain these ratings, the Fund may
be required to limit its use of hedging techniques in accordance with the
specified guidelines of such NRSRO.
The Fund's Articles of Incorporation include provisions that could have the
effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of its Board of Directors and could
have the effect of depriving shareholders of an opportunity to sell their
shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party
from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. See "Description of Capital Stock--
Certain Provisions of the Articles of Incorporation."
8
<PAGE>
FEE TABLE
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES:
Maximum Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price)................ None
Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees....................................... None
ANNUAL EXPENSES (as a percentage of net assets attributable to shares of
Common Stock):
Management Fees(a)(b)................................................. 0.55%
Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds................................... None
Other Expenses(b)..................................................... 0.22%
----
Total Annual Expenses(b)............................................ 0.77%
====
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 3 5 10
YEAR YEARS YEARS YEARS
EXAMPLE ---- ----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
An investor would pay the following expenses on a
$1,000 investment, assuming (1) total annual expenses
of 0.77% (assuming no leverage) and 1.24% (assuming
leverage) and (2) a 5% annual return throughout the
periods:
Assuming No Leverage.................................. $ 8 $25 $43 $ 95
Assuming Leverage..................................... $13 $39 $68 $150
</TABLE>
- --------
(a) See "Investment Advisory and Management Arrangements"--page 26.
(b) In the event that the Fund utilizes leverage by issuing preferred stock in
an amount of approximately 35% of the Fund's capital, it is estimated that
the Management Fees would be 0.85%, Other Expenses would be 0.39% and Total
Annual Expenses would be 1.24%. See "Risks and Special Considerations of
Leverage."
The foregoing Fee Table is intended to assist investors in understanding the
costs and expenses that a shareholder in the Fund will bear directly or
indirectly. The expenses set forth under "Other Expenses" are based on
estimated amounts through the end of the Fund's first fiscal year on an
annualized basis. The Example set forth above assumes reinvestment of all
dividends and distributions and utilizes a 5% annual rate of return as
mandated by the Securities and Exchange Commission regulations. THE EXAMPLE
SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF FUTURE EXPENSES OR ANNUAL RATE OF
RETURN, AND ACTUAL EXPENSES OR ANNUAL RATE OF RETURN MAY BE MORE OR LESS THAN
THOSE ASSUMED FOR PURPOSES OF THE EXAMPLE.
9
<PAGE>
THE FUND
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. (the "Fund") is a newly organized, non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company. The Fund was incorporated under the
laws of the State of Maryland on February 27, 1997, and has registered under
the 1940 Act. The Fund's principal office is located at 800 Scudders Mill
Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536, and its telephone number is (609) 282-
2800.
The Fund has been organized as a closed-end investment company. Closed-end
investment companies differ from open-end investment companies (commonly
referred to as "mutual funds") in that closed-end investment companies do not
redeem their securities at the option of the shareholder, whereas open-end
companies issue securities redeemable at net asset value at any time at the
option of the shareholder and typically engage in a continuous offering of
their shares. Accordingly, open-end investment companies are subject to
continuous asset in-flows and out-flows that can complicate portfolio
management. Shares of closed-end investment companies, however, frequently
trade at a discount from their net asset value. This risk may be greater for
investors expecting to sell their shares in a relatively short period after
completion of the public offering.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds of this offering will be $ (or approximately
$ assuming the Underwriter exercises the over-allotment option
in full) after payment of organizational and offering expenses.
The net proceeds of the offering will be invested in accordance with the
Fund's investment objective and policies within approximately three months
after completion of the offering of Common Stock, depending on market
conditions and the availability of appropriate securities. Pending such
investment, it is anticipated that the proceeds will be invested in short-
term, tax-exempt securities. See "Investment Objective and Policies."
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
The investment objective of the Fund is to provide shareholders with current
income exempt from Federal income taxes. The Fund seeks to achieve its
investment objective by investing primarily in a portfolio of long-term,
investment grade municipal obligations, the interest on which, in the opinion
of bond counsel to the issuer, is exempt from Federal income taxes. The
investment objective of the Fund is a fundamental policy that may not be
changed without a vote of a majority of the Fund's outstanding voting
securities, as defined below under "Investment Restrictions." There can be no
assurance that the investment objective of the Fund will be realized. At times
the Fund may seek to hedge its portfolio through the use of futures
transactions and options to reduce volatility in the net asset value of its
shares of Common Stock.
The Fund, at all times, except during temporary defensive periods, will
invest at least 80% of its total assets in a portfolio of obligations issued
by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States
and their political subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities paying
interest that, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, is exempt from
Federal income taxes ("Municipal Bonds"). The Fund, at all times, except
during temporary defensive periods, will maintain at least 75% of its total
assets in Municipal Bonds that are rated investment grade by a NRSRO, or, if
unrated, are considered to be of comparable quality by the Investment Adviser.
Additionally, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in Municipal
Bonds that are rated below
10
<PAGE>
investment grade by a NRSRO, or, if unrated, are considered to be of
comparable quality by the Investment Adviser. Such lower quality Municipal
Bonds are frequently traded only in markets where the number of potential
purchasers and sellers, if any, is very limited. The Fund may invest all or a
portion of its assets in certain tax-exempt securities classified as "private
activity bonds" (in general, bonds that benefit non-governmental entities)
that may subject certain investors in the Fund to an alternative minimum tax.
The Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets (taken at market
value) in Municipal Bonds whose issuers are located in the same state.
The Fund also may invest in securities not issued by or on behalf of a state
or territory or by an agency or instrumentality thereof, if the Fund
nevertheless believes such securities pay interest or distributions that are
exempt from Federal income taxation ("Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities").
Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities may include securities issued by other
investment companies that invest in Municipal Bonds, to the extent such
investments are permitted by the 1940 Act. Other Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt
Securities could include trust certificates or other instruments evidencing
interests in one or more long-term Municipal Bonds. Certain Non-Municipal Tax-
Exempt Securities may be characterized as derivative instruments. Non-
Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities will be considered "Municipal Bonds" for
purposes of the Fund's investment objective and policies.
Investment in shares of Common Stock of the Fund offers several benefits.
The Fund offers investors the opportunity to receive income exempt from
Federal income taxes by investing in a professionally managed portfolio
comprised primarily of high grade Municipal Bonds. The Fund also relieves the
investor of the burdensome administrative details involved in managing a
portfolio of Municipal Bonds. Additionally, the Investment Adviser will seek
to enhance the yield on the Common Stock by leveraging the Fund's capital
structure through the issuance of preferred stock. The benefits are at least
partially offset by the expenses involved in operating an investment company.
Such expenses primarily consist of the advisory fee and operational costs.
Additionally, the use of leverage involves certain expenses and special risk
considerations. See "Risks and Special Considerations of Leverage."
The investment grade Municipal Bonds in which the Fund will invest are those
Municipal Bonds rated at the date of purchase in the four highest rating
categories of S&P, Moody's or Fitch or, if unrated, are considered to be of
comparable quality by the Investment Adviser. In the case of long-term debt,
the investment grade rating categories are AAA through BBB for S&P, Aaa
through Baa for Moody's and AAA through BBB for Fitch. In the case of short-
term notes, the investment grade rating categories are SP-l+ through SP-3 for
S&P, MIG-1 through MIG-4 for Moody's and F-1+ through F-3 for Fitch. In the
case of tax-exempt commercial paper, the investment grade rating categories
are A-1+ through A-3 for S&P, Prime-1 through Prime-3 for Moody's and F-l+
through F-3 for Fitch. Obligations ranked in the fourth highest rating
category (BBB, SP-3 and A-3 for S&P; Baa, MIG-4 and Prime-3 for Moody's; and
BBB and F-3 for Fitch), while considered "investment grade," may have certain
speculative characteristics. There may be sub-categories or gradations
indicating relative standing within the rating categories set forth above. See
Appendix I to this Prospectus for a description of S&P's, Moody's and Fitch's
ratings of Municipal Bonds. In assessing the quality of Municipal Bonds with
respect to the foregoing requirements, the Investment Adviser will take into
account the nature of any letters of credit or similar credit enhancement to
which particular Municipal Bonds are entitled and the creditworthiness of the
financial institution which provided such credit enhancement.
As noted above, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its assets in Municipal
Bonds that are rated below investment grade or, if unrated, are considered to
be of comparable quality by the Investment Adviser. These
11
<PAGE>
high yield bonds are commonly referred to as "junk bonds" and are regarded as
predominantly speculative as to the issuer's ability to make payments of
principal and interest. Consequently, although such bonds can be expected to
provide higher yields, they may be subject to greater market price
fluctuations and risk of loss of principal than lower yielding, higher rated
fixed-income securities. Such securities are particularly vulnerable to
adverse changes in the issuer's industry and in general economic conditions.
Issuers of high yield bonds may be highly leveraged and may not have available
to them more traditional methods of financing. The risk of loss due to default
by the issuer is significantly greater for the holders of these bonds because
such securities may be unsecured and may be subordinated to other creditors of
the issuer. In addition, while the high yield bonds in which the Fund may
invest normally will not include securities that at the time of investment,
are in default or the issuers of which are in bankruptcy, there can be no
assurance that such events will not occur after the Fund purchases a
particular security, in which case the Fund may experience losses and incur
costs.
High yield bonds frequently have call or redemption features that permit an
issuer to repurchase such bonds from the Fund, which may decrease the net
investment income to the Fund and dividends to shareholders in the event that
the Fund is required to replace a called security with a lower yielding
security. The Fund may have difficulty disposing of certain high yield bonds
because there may be a thin trading market for such securities. Reduced
secondary market liquidity may have an adverse impact on market price and the
Fund's ability to dispose of particular issues when necessary to meet the
Fund's liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event such as a
deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer. In addition, market
quotations are generally available on many high yield bond issues only from a
limited number of dealers and may not necessarily represent firm bids of such
dealers or prices for actual sales.
Certain Municipal Bonds may be entitled to the benefits of letters of credit
or similar credit enhancements issued by financial institutions. In such
instances, the Board of Directors and the Investment Adviser will take into
account in assessing the quality of such bonds not only the creditworthiness
of the issuer of such bonds but also the creditworthiness of the financial
institution providing the credit enhancement.
The Fund's investments may also include variable rate demand obligations
("VRDOs") and VRDOs in the form of participation interests ("Participating
VRDOs") in variable rate tax-exempt obligations held by a financial
institution, typically a commercial bank. The VRDOs in which the Fund will
invest are tax-exempt obligations, in the opinion of counsel to the issuer,
that contain a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula and an
unconditional right of demand on the part of the holder thereof to receive
payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest on a short
notice period not to exceed seven days. Participating VRDOs provide the Fund
with a specified undivided interest (up to 100%) of the underlying obligation
and the right to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued
interest on the Participating VRDOs from the financial institution on a
specified number of days' notice, not to exceed seven days. There is, however,
the possibility that because of default or insolvency, the demand feature of
VRDOs or Participating VRDOs may not be honored. The Fund has been advised by
its counsel that the Fund should be entitled to treat the income received on
Participating VRDOs as interest from tax-exempt obligations.
The average maturity of the Fund's portfolio securities will vary based upon
the Investment Adviser's assessment of economic and market conditions. The net
asset value of the shares of common stock of a closed-end investment company,
such as the Fund, which invests primarily in fixed-income securities, changes
as the general levels of interest rates fluctuate. When interest rates
decline, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can be expected to rise.
Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a fixed-income portfolio
can be expected to decline. Prices of longer-term securities generally
fluctuate more in response to interest rate changes than do
12
<PAGE>
short-term or medium-term securities. These changes in net asset value are
likely to be greater in the case of a fund having a leveraged capital
structure, as proposed for the Fund. See "Risks and Special Considerations of
Leverage."
The Fund intends to invest primarily in long-term Municipal Bonds with a
maturity of more than ten years. Also, the Fund may invest in intermediate-
term Municipal Bonds with a maturity of between three years and ten years. The
Fund may invest in short-term, tax-exempt securities, short-term U.S.
Government securities, repurchase agreements or cash. Such short-term
securities or cash will not exceed 20% of its total assets except during
interim periods pending investment of the net proceeds of public offerings of
the Fund's securities or in anticipation of the repurchase or redemption of
the Fund's securities and temporary periods when, in the opinion of the
Investment Adviser, prevailing market or economic conditions warrant. The Fund
does not ordinarily intend to realize significant interest income not exempt
from Federal income tax.
The Fund is classified as non-diversified within the meaning of the 1940
Act, which means that the Fund is not limited by such Act in the proportion of
its assets that it may invest in securities of a single issuer. However, the
Fund's investments will be limited so as to qualify the Fund for special tax
treatment afforded regulated investment companies under the Code. See "Taxes."
To qualify, among other requirements, the Fund will limit its investments so
that, at the close of each quarter of the taxable year, (i) not more than 25%
of the market value of the Fund's total assets will be invested in the
securities (other than U.S. Government securities) of a single issuer, and
(ii) with respect to 50% of the market value of its total assets, not more
than 5% of the market value of its total assets will be invested in the
securities (other than U.S. Government securities) of a single issuer. A fund
which elects to be classified as "diversified" under the 1940 Act must satisfy
the foregoing 5% requirement with respect to 75% of its total assets. To the
extent that the Fund assumes large positions in the securities of a small
number of issuers, the Fund's yield may fluctuate to a greater extent than
that of a diversified company as a result of changes in the financial
condition or in the market's assessment of the issuers.
DESCRIPTION OF MUNICIPAL BONDS
Municipal Bonds include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various
public purposes, including construction of a wide range of public facilities,
refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating
expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. In addition,
certain types of industrial development bonds are issued by or on behalf of
public authorities to finance various privately operated facilities, including
certain local facilities for water supply, gas, electricity, sewage or solid
waste disposal. For purposes of this Prospectus, such obligations are
Municipal Bonds if the interest paid thereon is exempt from Federal income
tax, even though such bonds may be industrial development bonds ("IDBs") or
"private activity bonds" as discussed below. Also, for purposes of this
Prospectus, Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt securities as discussed above will be
considered Municipal Bonds.
The two principal classifications of Municipal Bonds are "general
obligation" bonds and "revenue" bonds, which latter category includes IDBs
and, for bonds issued after August 15, 1986, private activity bonds. General
obligation bonds are secured by the issuer's pledge of faith, credit and
taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. Revenue or special
obligation bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular
facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a
special excise tax or other specific revenue source such as from the user of
the facility being financed. IDBs are in most cases revenue bonds and do not
generally constitute the pledge of the credit or taxing power of the issuer of
such bonds. The repayment of the principal and interest on such industrial
development bonds depends solely on the ability of the user of the
13
<PAGE>
facility financed by the bonds to meet its financial obligations and the
pledge, if any, of real and personal property so financed as security for such
payment. Municipal Bonds may also include "moral obligation" bonds, which are
normally issued by special purpose public authorities. If an issuer of moral
obligation bonds is unable to meet its obligations, the repayment of such
bonds becomes a moral commitment but not a legal obligation of the state or
municipality in question.
The Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds classified as "private activity bonds"
(in general, bonds that benefit non-governmental entities). Interest received
on certain tax-exempt securities that are classified as "private activity
bonds" may subject certain investors in the Fund to an alternative minimum
tax. There is no limitation on the percentage of the Fund's assets that may be
invested in Municipal Bonds that may subject certain investors to an
alternative minimum tax. See "Taxes--General." Also included within the
general category of Municipal Bonds are participation certificates issued by
government authorities or entities to finance the acquisition or construction
of equipment, land and/or facilities. The certificates represent
participations in a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional
sales contract (hereinafter collectively referred to as "lease obligations")
relating to such equipment, land or facilities. Although lease obligations do
not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which the issuer's
unlimited taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation frequently is backed by
the issuer's covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the payments due
under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain "non-
appropriation" clauses which provide that the issuer has no obligation to make
lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is
appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. Although "non-appropriation"
lease obligations are secured by the lease property, disposition of the
property in the event of foreclosure might prove difficult. These securities
represent a relatively new type of financing that has not yet developed the
depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities.
Federal tax legislation has limited the types and volume of bonds the
interest on which qualifies for a Federal income tax exemption. As a result,
this legislation and legislation that may be enacted in the future may affect
the availability of Municipal Bonds for investment by the Fund.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Fund has adopted certain other policies as set forth below:
Borrowings. The Fund is authorized to borrow money in amounts of up to 5% of
the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowings; provided,
however, that the Fund is authorized to borrow moneys in amounts of up to 33
1/3% of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowings to
finance the repurchase of its own Common Stock pursuant to tender offers or
otherwise to redeem or repurchase shares of preferred stock or for temporary,
extraordinary or emergency purposes. Borrowings by the Fund (commonly known as
"leveraging") create an opportunity for greater total return since the Fund
will not be required to sell portfolio securities to repurchase or redeem
shares but, at the same time, increase exposure to capital risk. In addition,
borrowed funds are subject to interest costs that may offset or exceed the
return earned on the borrowed funds.
When-Issued Securities and Delayed Delivery Transactions. The Fund may
purchase or sell Municipal Bonds on a delayed delivery basis or on a when-
issued basis at fixed purchase or sale terms. These transactions arise when
securities are purchased or sold by the Fund with payment and delivery taking
place in the future. The purchase will be recorded on the date the Fund enters
into the commitment, and the value of the obligation will thereafter be
reflected in the calculation of the Fund's net asset value. The value of the
obligation on the
14
<PAGE>
delivery day may be more or less than its purchase price. A separate account
of the Fund will be established with its custodian consisting of cash, cash
equivalents or liquid Municipal Bonds having a market value at all times at
least equal to the amount of the commitment.
Indexed and Inverse Floating Obligations. The Fund may invest in Municipal
Bonds the return on which is based on a particular index of value or interest
rates. For example, the Fund may invest in Municipal Bonds that pay interest
based on an index of Municipal Bond interest rates. The principal amount
payable upon maturity of certain Municipal Bonds also may be based on the
value of an index. To the extent the Fund invests in these types of Municipal
Bonds, the Fund's return on such Municipal Bonds will be subject to risk with
respect to the value of the particular index. Also, the Fund may invest in so-
called "inverse floating obligations" or "residual interest bonds" on which
the interest rates typically vary inversely with a short-term floating rate
(which may be reset periodically by a dutch auction, a remarketing agent, or
by reference to a short-term tax-exempt interest rate index). The Fund may
purchase in the secondary market synthetically-created inverse floating rate
bonds evidenced by custodial or trust receipts. Generally, interest rates on
inverse floating rate bonds will decrease when short-term rates increase, and
will increase when short-term rates decrease. Such securities have the effect
of providing a degree of investment leverage, since they may increase or
decrease in value in response to changes, as an illustration, in market
interest rates at a rate that is a multiple (typically two) of the rate at
which fixed-rate, long-term, tax-exempt securities increase or decrease in
response to such changes. As a result, the market values of such securities
generally will be more volatile than the market values of fixed-rate tax-
exempt securities. To seek to limit the volatility of these securities, the
Fund may purchase inverse floating obligations with shorter-term maturities or
which contain limitations on the extent to which the interest rate may vary.
The Investment Adviser believes that indexed and inverse floating obligations
represent a flexible portfolio management instrument for the Fund that allows
the Investment Adviser to vary the degree of investment leverage relatively
efficiently under different market conditions.
Call Rights. The Fund may purchase a Municipal Bond issuer's right to call
all or a portion of such Municipal Bond for mandatory tender for purchase (a
"Call Right"). A holder of a Call Right may exercise such right to require a
mandatory tender for the purchase of related Municipal Bonds, subject to
certain conditions. A Call Right that is not exercised prior to the maturity
of the related Municipal Bond will expire without value. The economic effect
of holding both the Call Right and the related Municipal Bond is identical to
holding a Municipal Bond as a non-callable security.
Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may invest in securities pursuant to
repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements may be entered into only with a
member bank of the Federal Reserve System or a primary dealer in U.S.
Government securities or an affiliate thereof. Under such agreements, the
seller agrees, upon entering into the contract, to repurchase the security at
a mutually agreed-upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during
the term of the agreement. The Fund may not invest in repurchase agreements
maturing in more than seven days if such investments, together with all other
illiquid investments, would exceed 15% of the Fund's net assets. In the event
of default by the seller under a repurchase agreement, the Fund may suffer
time delays and incur costs or possible losses in connection with the
disposition of the underlying securities.
In general, for Federal income tax purposes, repurchase agreements are
treated as collateralized loans secured by the securities "sold." Therefore,
amounts earned under such agreements will not be considered tax-exempt
interest.
15
<PAGE>
OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may hedge all or a portion of its portfolio investments against
fluctuations in interest rates through the use of options and certain
financial futures contracts ("financial futures contracts") and options
thereon. While the Fund's use of hedging strategies is intended to reduce the
volatility of the net asset value of the Common Stock, the net asset value of
the Common Stock will fluctuate. There can be no assurance that the Fund's
hedging transactions will be effective. In addition, because of the
anticipated leveraged nature of the Common Stock, hedging transactions will
result in a larger impact on the net asset value of the Common Stock than
would be the case if the Common Stock were not leveraged. Furthermore, the
Fund will only engage in hedging activities from time to time and may not
necessarily be engaging in hedging activities when movements in interest rates
occur.
Certain Federal income tax requirements may limit the Fund's ability to
engage in hedging transactions. Gains from transactions in options and futures
contracts distributed to shareholders will be taxable as ordinary income or,
in certain circumstances, as long-term capital gains to shareholders. See
"Taxes--Tax Treatment of Options and Futures Transactions." In addition, in
order to obtain ratings of the preferred stock from one or more NRSROs, the
Fund may be required to limit its use of hedging techniques in accordance with
the specified guidelines of such organizations.
The following is a description of the options and futures transactions in
which the Fund may engage, limitations on the use of such transactions and
risks associated therewith. The investment policies with respect to the
hedging transactions of the Fund are not fundamental policies and may be
modified by the Board of Directors of the Fund without the approval of the
Fund's shareholders.
Writing Covered Call Options. The Fund may write (i.e., sell) covered call
options with respect to Municipal Bonds it owns, thereby giving the holder of
the option the right to buy the underlying security covered by the option from
the Fund at the stated exercise price until the option expires. The Fund
writes only covered call options, which means that so long as the Fund is
obligated as the writer of a call option, it will own the underlying
securities subject to the option. The Fund may not write covered call options
on underlying securities in an amount exceeding 15% of the market value of its
total assets.
The Fund will receive a premium from writing a call option, which increases
the Fund's return on the underlying security in the event the option expires
unexercised or is closed out at a profit. By writing a call, the Fund limits
its opportunity to profit from an increase in the market value of the
underlying security above the exercise price of the option for as long as the
Fund's obligation as a writer continues. Covered call options serve as a
partial hedge against a decline in the price of the underlying security. The
Fund may engage in closing transactions in order to terminate outstanding
options that it has written.
Purchase of Options. The Fund may purchase put options in connection with
its hedging activities. By buying a put the Fund has a right to sell the
underlying security at the exercise price, thus limiting the Fund's risk of
loss through a decline in the market value of the security until the put
expires. The amount of any appreciation in the value of the underlying
security will be partially offset by the amount of the premium paid for the
put option and any related transaction costs. Prior to its expiration, a put
option may be sold in a closing sale transaction; profit or loss from the sale
will depend on whether the amount received is more or less than the premium
paid for the put option plus the related transaction costs. A closing sale
transaction cancels out the Fund's position as the purchaser of an option by
means of an offsetting sale of an identical option prior to the
16
<PAGE>
expiration of the option it has purchased. In certain circumstances, the Fund
may purchase call options on securities held in its portfolio on which it has
written call options or on securities which it intends to purchase. The Fund
will not purchase options on securities if, as a result of such purchase, the
aggregate cost of all outstanding options on securities held by the Fund would
exceed 5% of the market value of the Fund's total assets.
Financial Futures Contracts and Options. The Fund is authorized to purchase
and sell certain financial futures contracts and options thereon solely for
the purpose of hedging its investments in Municipal Bonds against declines in
value and to hedge against increases in the cost of securities it intends to
purchase. A financial futures contract obligates the seller of a contract to
deliver and the purchaser of a contract to take delivery of the type of
financial instrument covered by the contract or, in the case of index-based
futures contracts, to make and accept a cash settlement, at a specific future
time for a specified price. A sale of financial futures contracts may provide
a hedge against a decline in the value of portfolio securities because such
depreciation may be offset, in whole or in part, by an increase in the value
of the position in the financial futures contracts. A purchase of financial
futures contracts may provide a hedge against an increase in the cost of
securities intended to be purchased because such appreciation may be offset,
in whole or in part, by an increase in the value of the position in the
futures contracts.
The purchase or sale of a futures contract differs from the purchase or sale
of a security in that no price or premium is paid or received. Instead, an
amount of cash or securities acceptable to the broker equal to approximately
5% of the contract amount must be deposited with the broker. This amount is
known as initial margin. Subsequent payments to and from the broker, called
variation margin, are made on a daily basis as the price of the financial
futures contract fluctuates making the long and short positions in the
financial futures contract more or less valuable.
The Fund may purchase and sell financial futures contracts based on The Bond
Buyer Municipal Bond Index, a price-weighted measure of the market value of 40
large tax-exempt issues, and purchase and sell put and call options on such
financial futures contracts for the purpose of hedging Municipal Bonds that
the Fund holds or anticipates purchasing against adverse changes in interest
rates. The Fund also may purchase and sell financial futures contracts on U.S.
Government securities and purchase and sell put and call options on such
financial futures contracts for such hedging purposes. With respect to U.S.
Government securities, currently there are financial futures contracts based
on long-term U.S. Treasury bonds, U.S. Treasury notes, GNMA Certificates and
three-month U.S. Treasury bills.
Subject to policies adopted by the Board of Directors, the Fund also may
engage in transactions in other financial futures contracts, such as financial
futures contracts on other municipal bond indices which may become available,
if the Investment Adviser should determine that there is normally sufficient
correlation between the prices of such financial futures contracts and the
Municipal Bonds in which the Fund invests to make such hedging appropriate.
Over-The-Counter Options. The Fund may engage in options and futures
transactions on exchanges and in the over-the-counter markets ("OTC options").
In general, exchange-traded contracts are third-party contracts (i.e.,
performance of the parties' obligations is guaranteed by an exchange or
clearing corporation) with standardized strike prices and expiration dates.
OTC options transactions are two-party contracts with prices and terms
negotiated by the buyer and seller. See "Restrictions on OTC Options" below
for information as to restrictions on the use of OTC options.
17
<PAGE>
Restrictions on OTC Options. The Fund will engage in transactions in OTC
options only with banks or dealers which have capital of at least $50 million
or whose obligations are guaranteed by an entity having capital of at least
$50 million. Certain OTC options and assets used to cover OTC options written
by the Fund may be considered to be illiquid. The illiquidity of such options
or assets may prevent a successful sale of such options or assets, result in a
delay of sale, or reduce the amount of proceeds that might otherwise be
realized.
Risk Factors in Options and Futures Transactions. Utilization of futures
transactions involves the risk of imperfect correlation in movements in the
price of financial futures contracts and movements in the price of the
security that is the subject of the hedge. If the price of the financial
futures contract moves more or less than the price of the security that is the
subject of the hedge, the Fund will experience a gain or loss that will not be
completely offset by movements in the price of such security. There is a risk
of imperfect correlation where the securities underlying financial futures
contracts have different maturities, ratings, geographic compositions or other
characteristics than the security being hedged. In addition, the correlation
may be affected by additions to or deletions from the index which serves as a
basis for a financial futures contract. Finally, in the case of financial
futures contracts on U.S. Government securities and options on such financial
futures contracts, the anticipated correlation of price movements between the
U.S. Government securities underlying the futures or options and Municipal
Bonds may be adversely affected by economic, political, legislative or other
developments that have a disparate impact on the respective markets for such
securities.
Under regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"), the
futures trading activities described herein will not result in the Fund being
deemed a "commodity pool," as defined under such regulations, provided that
the Fund adheres to certain restrictions. In particular, the Fund may purchase
and sell financial futures contracts and options thereon (i) for bona fide
hedging purposes, without regard to the percentage of the Fund's assets
committed to margin and option premiums, and (ii) for non-hedging purposes if,
immediately thereafter, the sum of the amount of initial margin deposits on
the Fund's existing futures positions and option premiums entered into for
non-hedging purposes do not exceed 5% of the market value of the liquidation
value of the Fund's portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits
and unrealized losses on any such transactions. Margin deposits may consist of
cash or securities acceptable to the broker and the relevant contract market.
When the Fund purchases a financial futures contract, or writes a put option
or purchases a call option thereon, it will maintain an amount of cash, cash
equivalents (e.g., commercial paper and daily tender adjustable notes) or
short-term, high-grade, fixed-income securities in a segregated account with
the Fund's custodian so that the amount so segregated plus the amount of
initial and variation margin held in the account of its broker equals the
market value of the financial futures contract, thereby ensuring that the use
of such financial futures contract is unleveraged.
Although certain risks are involved in options and futures transactions, the
Investment Adviser believes that, because the Fund will engage in options and
futures transactions only for hedging purposes, the options and futures
portfolio strategies of the Fund will not subject the Fund to certain risks
frequently associated with speculation in options and futures transactions.
The Fund may be restricted in engaging in options and futures transactions due
to the requirement that less than 30% of its gross income in each taxable year
be derived from the sale or other disposition of securities held for less than
three months. See "Taxes--Tax Treatment of Options and Futures Transactions."
18
<PAGE>
The volume of trading in the exchange markets with respect to Municipal Bond
options may be limited, and it is impossible to predict the amount of trading
interest that may exist in such options. In addition, there can be no
assurance that viable exchange markets will continue.
The Fund intends to enter into options and futures transactions, on an
exchange or in the over-the-counter market, only if there appears to be a
liquid secondary market for such options or futures. There can be no
assurance, however, that a liquid secondary market will exist at any specific
time. Thus, it may not be possible to close an options or futures transaction.
The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an
adverse impact on the Fund's ability to effectively hedge its portfolio. There
is also the risk of loss by the Fund of margin deposits or collateral in the
event of bankruptcy of a broker with which the Fund has an open position in an
option or financial futures contract.
The liquidity of a secondary market in a financial futures contract may be
adversely affected by "daily price fluctuation limits" established by
commodity exchanges that limit the amount of fluctuation in a financial
futures contract price during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has
been reached in the contract, no trades may be entered into at a price beyond
the limit, thus preventing the liquidation of open futures positions. Prices
have in the past moved beyond the daily limit on a number of consecutive
trading days.
If it is not possible to close a financial futures position entered into by
the Fund, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments
of variation margin in the event of adverse price movements. In such a
situation, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio
securities to meet daily variation margin requirements at a time when it may
be disadvantageous to do so.
The successful use of these transactions also depends on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to forecast correctly the direction and extent of interest
rate movements within a given time frame. To the extent these rates remain
stable during the period in which a financial futures contract is held by the
Fund or move in a direction opposite to that anticipated, the Fund may realize
a loss on the hedging transaction which is not fully or partially offset by an
increase in the value of portfolio securities. As a result, the Fund's total
return for such period may be less than if it had not engaged in the hedging
transaction. Furthermore, the Fund will only engage in hedging transactions
from time to time and may not necessarily be engaged in hedging transactions
when movements in interest rates occur.
RISKS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS OF LEVERAGE
EFFECTS OF LEVERAGE
Within approximately three months after the completion of the offering of
shares of Common Stock, the Fund intends to offer shares of preferred stock
representing approximately 35% of the Fund's capital immediately after the
issuance of such preferred stock. There can be no assurance, however, that
preferred stock representing such percentage of the Fund's capital will
actually be issued. The issuance of the preferred stock will result in the
leveraging of the Common Stock. Although the terms of the preferred stock
offering will be determined by the Fund's Board of Directors, it is
anticipated that the preferred stock will pay dividends that will be adjusted
over either relatively short-term periods (generally seven to 28 days) or
medium-term periods (up to five years) and that the dividend rate will be
based upon prevailing interest rates for debt obligations of comparable
maturity. The proceeds of the preferred stock offering will be invested in
longer-term obligations in accordance with the
19
<PAGE>
Fund's investment objective. Issuance and ongoing expenses of the preferred
stock will be borne by the Fund and will reduce the net asset value of the
Common Stock. Additionally, under certain circumstances, when the Fund is
required to allocate taxable income to holders of preferred stock, it is
anticipated that the terms of the preferred stock will require the Fund to
make an additional distribution to such holders in an amount approximately
equal to the tax liability resulting from such allocation and such additional
distribution (such amount, an "Additional Distribution"). Because under normal
market conditions, obligations with longer maturities produce higher yields
than short-term and medium-term obligations, the Investment Adviser believes
that the spread inherent in the difference between the short-term and medium-
term rates (and any Additional Distribution) paid by the Fund as dividends on
the preferred stock and the longer-term rates received by the Fund will
provide holders of Common Stock with a potentially higher yield.
Utilization of leverage, however, involves certain risks to the holders of
Common Stock. For example, issuance of the preferred stock may result in
higher volatility of the net asset value of the Common Stock and potentially
more volatility in the market value of the Common Stock. In addition,
fluctuations in the short-term and medium-term dividend rates on, and the
amount of taxable income allocable to, the preferred stock will affect the
yield to holders of Common Stock. So long as the Fund, taking into account the
costs associated with the preferred stock and the Fund's operating expenses,
is able to realize a higher net return on its investment portfolio than the
then current dividend rate (and any Additional Distribution) of the preferred
stock, the effect of leverage will be to cause holders of Common Stock to
realize a higher current rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged.
Similarly, since a pro rata portion of the Fund's net realized capital gains
on its investment assets are generally payable to holders of Common Stock if
net capital gains are realized by the Fund, the effect of leverage will be to
increase the amount of such gains distributed to holders of Common Stock.
However, short-term, medium-term and long-term interest rates change from time
to time as does their relationship to each other (i.e., the slope of the yield
curve) depending upon such factors as supply and demand forces, monetary and
tax policies and investor expectations. Changes in such factors could cause
the relationship between short-term, medium-term and long-term rates to change
(i.e, to flatten or to invert the slope of the yield curve) so that short-term
and medium-term rates may substantially increase relative to the long-term
obligations in which the Fund may be invested. To the extent that the current
dividend rate (and any Additional Distribution) on the preferred stock
approaches the net return on the Fund's investment portfolio, the benefit of
leverage to holders of Common Stock will be reduced, and if the current
dividend rate (and any Additional Distribution) on the preferred stock were to
exceed the net return on the Fund's portfolio, the Fund's leveraged capital
structure would result in a lower rate of return to holders of Common Stock
than if the Fund were not leveraged. Similarly, since both the cost associated
with the issuance of preferred stock and any decline in the value of the
Fund's investments (including investments purchased with the proceeds from any
preferred stock offering) will be borne entirely by holders of Common Stock,
the effect of leverage in a declining market would result in a greater
decrease in net asset value to holders of Common Stock than if the Fund were
not leveraged.
In an extreme case, a decline in net asset value could affect the Fund's
ability to pay dividends on the Common Stock. Failure to make such dividend
payments could adversely affect the Fund's qualification as a regulated
investment company under the Code. See "Taxes." The Fund intends, however, to
take all measures necessary to continue to make Common Stock dividend
payments. If the Fund's current investment income were not sufficient to meet
dividend requirements on either the Common Stock or the preferred stock, it
could be necessary for the Fund to liquidate certain of its investments. In
addition, the Fund will have the authority to redeem the preferred stock for
any reason and may redeem all or part of the preferred stock if (i) it
anticipates that the Fund's leveraged capital structure will result in a lower
rate of return for any significant amount of time
20
<PAGE>
to holders of the Common Stock than that obtainable if the Common Stock were
unleveraged, (ii) the asset coverage for the preferred stock declines below
200% either as a result of a decline in the value of the Fund's portfolio
investments or as a result of the repurchase of Common Stock in tender offers,
or (iii) in order to maintain the asset coverage guidelines established by the
NRSROs that have rated the preferred stock. Redemption of the preferred stock
or insufficient investment income to make dividend payments, may reduce the
net asset value of the Common Stock and require the Fund to liquidate a
portion of its investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous, in the
absence of such extraordinary circumstances, to do so.
Assuming the utilization of leverage by the issuance of preferred stock that
pays dividends at a rate that generally will be adjusted every 28 days in an
amount representing approximately 35% of the Fund's capital at an annual
dividend rate of 3.54% payable on such preferred stock based on market rates
as of the date of this Prospectus, the annual return that the Fund's portfolio
must experience (net of expenses) in order to cover such dividend payments
would be 0.92%.
The following table is designed to illustrate the effect on the return to a
holder of the Fund's Common Stock of the leverage obtained by the issuance of
preferred stock representing approximately 35% of the Fund's capital, assuming
hypothetical annual returns on the Fund's portfolio of minus 10% to plus 10%.
As the table shows, leverage generally increases the return to stockholders
when portfolio return is positive and decreases the return when the portfolio
return is negative. The figures appearing in the table are hypothetical and
actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing in the table.
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Assumed Portfolio Return
(net of expenses).................................. (10)% (5)% 0 % 5% 10%
Corresponding Common Stock Return................... (15)% (8)% (1)% 6% 12%
</TABLE>
Leveraging of the Common Stock cannot be fully achieved until preferred
stock is issued and the proceeds of the offering of preferred stock have been
invested in long-term Municipal Bonds.
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
In the event of an increase in short-term or medium-term rates or other
change in market conditions to the point where the Fund's leverage could
adversely affect holders of Common Stock as noted above, or in anticipation of
such changes, the Fund may attempt to shorten the average maturity of its
investment portfolio, which would tend to offset the negative impact of
leverage on holders of Common Stock. The Fund also may attempt to reduce the
degree to which it is leveraged by redeeming preferred stock pursuant to the
provisions of the Fund's Articles Supplementary establishing the rights and
preferences of the preferred stock or otherwise purchasing shares of preferred
stock. Purchases and redemptions of preferred stock, whether on the open
market or in negotiated transactions, are subject to limitations under the
1940 Act. If market conditions subsequently change, the Fund may sell
previously unissued shares of preferred stock or shares of preferred stock
that the Fund previously issued but later repurchased or redeemed.
The Fund intends to apply for ratings of the preferred stock from one or
more NRSROs. In order to obtain these ratings, the Fund may be required to
maintain portfolio holdings meeting specified guidelines of such
organizations. These guidelines may impose asset coverage requirements that
are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. It is not anticipated
that these guidelines will impede the Investment Adviser from
21
<PAGE>
managing the Fund's portfolio in accordance with the Fund's investment
objective and policies. Ratings on preferred stock issued by the Fund should
not be confused with ratings on obligations held by the Fund.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue shares of preferred
stock unless immediately after such issuance the net asset value of the Fund's
portfolio is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding
preferred stock (expected to equal the original purchase price of the
outstanding shares of preferred stock plus any accumulated and unpaid
dividends thereon and any accumulated and unpaid Additional Distribution). In
addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other
distribution on its Common Stock unless, at the time of such declaration, the
net asset value of the Fund's portfolio (determined after deducting the amount
of such dividend or distribution) is at least 200% of such liquidation value.
Under the Fund's proposed capital structure, assuming the sale of shares of
preferred stock representing approximately 35% of the Fund's capital, the net
asset value of the Fund's portfolio is expected to be approximately 285% of
the liquidation value of the Fund's preferred stock. To the extent possible,
the Fund intends to purchase or redeem shares of preferred stock from time to
time to maintain coverage of preferred stock of at least 200%.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following are fundamental investment restrictions of the Fund and, prior
to issuance of the preferred stock, may not be changed without the approval of
the holders of a majority of the Fund's outstanding shares of Common Stock
(which for this purpose and under the 1940 Act means the lesser of (i) 67% of
the shares of Common Stock represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of
the outstanding shares of Common Stock are represented or (ii) more than 50%
of the outstanding shares). Subsequent to the issuance of the preferred stock,
the following investment restrictions may not be changed without the approval
of a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and of the outstanding
shares of preferred stock, voting together as a class, and the approval of a
majority of the outstanding shares of preferred stock, voting separately by
class. The Fund may not:
1. Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management.
2. Purchase or sell real estate, real estate limited partnerships,
commodities or commodity contracts; provided that the Fund may invest in
securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by
companies that invest in real estate or interest therein, and the Fund may
purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options thereon.
3. Issue senior securities or borrow money except as permitted by Section
18 of the 1940 Act.
4. Underwrite securities of other issuers except insofar as the Fund may
be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"1933 Act"), in selling portfolio securities.
5. Make loans to other persons, except that the Fund may purchase
Municipal Bonds and other debt securities in accordance with its investment
objective, policies and limitations.
6. Invest more than 25% of its total assets (taken at market value at the
time of each investment) in securities of issuers in a single industry;
provided that, for purposes of this restriction, states, municipalities and
their political subdivisions are not considered to be part of any industry.
22
<PAGE>
Additional investment restrictions adopted by the Fund, which may be changed
by the Board of Directors, provide that the Fund may not:
a. Purchase securities of other investment companies, except to the
extent that such purchases are permitted by applicable law. Applicable law
currently prohibits the Fund from purchasing the securities of other
investment companies except if immediately thereafter not more than (i) 3%
of the total outstanding voting stock of such company is owned by the Fund,
(ii) 5% of the Fund's total assets, taken at market value, would be
invested in any one such company, (iii) 10% of the Fund's total assets,
taken at market value, would be invested in such securities, and (iv) the
Fund, together with other investment companies having the same investment
adviser and companies controlled by such companies, owns not more than 10%
of the total outstanding stock of any one closed-end investment company.
b. Mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security
for indebtedness, any securities owned or held by the Fund except as may be
necessary in connection with borrowings mentioned in investment restriction
(3) above or except as may be necessary in connection with transactions in
financial futures contracts and options thereon.
c. Purchase any securities on margin, except that the Fund may obtain
such short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases
and sales of portfolio securities (the deposit or payment by the Fund of
initial or variation margin in connection with financial futures contracts
and options thereon is not considered the purchase of a security on
margin).
d. Make short sales of securities or maintain a short position or invest
in put, call, straddle or spread options, except that the Fund may write,
purchase and sell options and futures on Municipal Bonds, U.S. Government
obligations and related indices or otherwise in connection with bona fide
hedging activities and may purchase and sell Call Rights to require
mandatory tender for the purchase of related Municipal Bonds.
If a percentage restriction on investment policies or the investment or use
of assets set forth above is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected,
later changes in percentages resulting from changing values will not be
considered a violation.
The Investment Adviser of the Fund and Merrill Lynch are owned and
controlled by ML & Co. Because of the affiliation of Merrill Lynch with the
Fund, the Fund is prohibited from engaging in certain transactions involving
Merrill Lynch except pursuant to an exemptive order or otherwise in compliance
with the provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Included among such restricted transactions will be purchases from or sales to
Merrill Lynch of securities in transactions in which it acts as principal. An
exemptive order has been obtained which permits the Fund to effect principal
transactions with Merrill Lynch in high quality, short-term, tax-exempt
securities subject to conditions set forth in such order. The Fund may
consider in the future requesting an order permitting other principal
transactions with Merrill Lynch, but there can be no assurance that such
application will be made and, if made, that such order would be granted.
23
<PAGE>
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Information about the Directors, executive officers and the portfolio
managers of the Fund, including their ages and their principal occupations
during the last five years is set forth below. Unless otherwise noted, the
address of each Director, executive officer and the portfolio manager is 800
Scudders Mill Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536.
Arthur Zeikel (64)--President and Director (1)(2)--President of the
Investment Adviser (which term, as used herein, includes its corporate
predecessors) since 1977; President of Merrill Lynch Asset Management, L.P.
("MLAM") (which term, as used herein, includes its corporate predecessors)
since 1977; President and Director of Princeton Services, Inc. ("Princeton
Services") since 1993; Executive Vice President of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
("ML & Co.") since 1990; Director of Merrill Lynch Funds Distributor, Inc.
(the "MLFD") since 1977.
Ronald W. Forbes (56)--Director (2)--1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New
York 12222. Professor of Finance, School of Business, State University of New
York at Albany since 1989; Member, Task Force on Municipal Securities Markets,
Twentieth Century Fund.
Cynthia A. Montgomery (44)--Director (2)--Harvard Business School, Soldiers
Field Road, Boston, Massachusetts 20163. Professor, Harvard Business School
since 1989; Associate Professor, J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Business
Administration, The University of Michigan from 1979 to 1985; Director, UNUM
Corporation since 1990 and Director of Newell Co. since 1995.
Charles C. Reilly (65)--Director (2)--9 Hampton Harbor Road, Hampton Bays,
New York 11946. Self-employed financial consultant since 1990; President and
Chief Investment Officer of Verus Capital, Inc. from 1979 to 1990; Senior Vice
President of Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder, Inc. from 1973 to 1990; Adjunct
Professor, Columbia University Graduate School of Business from 1990 to 1991;
Adjunct Professor, Wharton School, The University of Pennsylvania from 1989 to
1990; Partner, Small Cities Cable Television since 1986.
Kevin A. Ryan (64)--Director (2)--127 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill,
Massachusetts 02167. Founder, current Director and Professor of The Boston
University Center for the Advancement of Ethics and Character; Professor of
Education at Boston University since 1982; formerly taught on the faculties of
The University of Chicago, Stanford University and Ohio State University.
Richard R. West (59)--Director (2)--Box 604, Genoa, Nevada 89411. Professor
of Finance since 1994, and Dean from 1984 to 1993, and currently Dean Emeritus
of New York University Leonard N. Stern School of Business Administration;
Director of Bowne & Co., Inc. (financial printers), Vornado, Inc. (real estate
holding company), Smith-Corona Corporation (manufacturer of typewriters and
word processors) and Alexander's Inc. (real estate company).
Terry K. Glenn (56)--Executive Vice President (1)(2)--Executive Vice
President of the Investment Adviser and MLAM since 1983; Executive Vice
President and Director of Princeton Services since 1993; President of the MLFD
since 1986 and Director thereof since 1991; President of Princeton
Administrators, L.P. since 1988.
Vincent R. Giordano (52)--Senior Vice President (1)(2)--Senior Vice
President of the Investment Adviser and MLAM since 1984; Senior Vice President
of Princeton Services since 1993.
Donald C. Burke (36)--Vice President (1)(2)--Vice President and Director of
Taxation of the Investment Adviser since 1990.
24
<PAGE>
Kenneth A. Jacob (45)--Vice President (1)(2)--Vice President of the
Investment Adviser and MLAM since 1984.
John Loffredo, CFA (34)--Vice President and Portfolio Manager (1)(2)--Vice
President of MLAM since 1991.
Robert A. DiMella, CFA (30)--Vice President and Portfolio Manager (1)(2)--
Assistant Vice President of MLAM since 1995; Assistant Portfolio Manager of
MLAM from 1993 to 1995; Assistant Portfolio Manager with Prudential Investment
Advisers from 1992 to 1993.
Gerald M. Richard (47)--Treasurer (1)(2)--Senior Vice President and
Treasurer of the Investment Adviser and MLAM since 1984; Senior Vice President
and Treasurer of Princeton Services since 1993; Vice President of the MLFD
since 1981; Treasurer since 1984 and employee of the MLFD since 1978.
Mark B. Goldfus (50)--Secretary (1)(2)--Vice President of the Investment
Adviser and MLAM since 1985.
- --------
(1) Interested person, as defined in the Investment Company Act, of the Fund.
(2) Such Director or officer is a director, trustee or officer of one or more
additional investment companies for which the Investment Adviser or its
affiliate, MLAM, acts as investment adviser or manager.
In the event that the Fund issues preferred stock, in connection with the
election of the Fund's Directors, holders of shares of preferred stock, voting
as a separate class, will be entitled to elect two of the Fund's Directors,
and the remaining Directors will be elected by all holders of capital stock,
voting as a single class. See "Description of Capital Stock."
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
The Fund pays each Director not affiliated with the Investment Adviser an
annual fee of $ per year plus $ per meeting attended, together with
such Director's actual out-of-pocket expenses relating to attendance at
meetings. The Fund also compensates members of its Audit Committee, which
consists of all of the Directors not affiliated with the Investment Adviser,
at a rate of $ per meeting attended. The Chairman of the Audit Committee
receives an additional fee of $ per year.
The following table sets forth compensation to be paid by the Fund to the
non-interested Directors projected through the end of the Fund's first fiscal
year and for the calendar year ended December 31, 1996 the aggregate
compensation paid by all investment companies advised by the Investment
Adviser and its affiliate, MLAM ("FAM/MLAM Advised Funds"), to the non-
interested Directors.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL COMPENSATION
PENSION OR FROM FUND AND
AGGREGATE RETIREMENT BENEFITS FAM/MLAM ADVISED
COMPENSATION ACCRUED AS PART OF FUNDS PAID TO
NAME OF DIRECTOR (1) FROM FUND FUND EXPENSE DIRECTORS
- -------------------- ------------ ------------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Ronald W. Forbes(1)......... $ None $142,500
Cynthia A. Montgomery(1).... $ None $142,500
Charles C. Reilly(1)........ $ None $293,833
Kevin A. Ryan(1)............ $ None $142,500
Richard R. West(1).......... $ None $269,833
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) In addition to the Fund, the Directors serve on the boards of other
FAM/MLAM Advised Funds as follows: Mr. Forbes (23 registered investment
companies consisting of 36 portfolios); Ms. Montgomery (23 registered
investment companies consisting of 36 portfolios); Mr. Reilly (41 registered
investment companies consisting of 54 portfolios); Mr. Ryan (23 registered
investment companies consisting of 36 portfolios); and Mr. West (41
registered investment companies consisting of 54 portfolios).
25
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS
The Investment Adviser is an affiliate of MLAM and is owned and controlled
by ML & Co., a financial services holding company. The Investment Adviser will
provide the Fund with investment advisory and management services. The
Investment Adviser or MLAM acts as the investment adviser for over 130 other
registered investment companies. The Investment Adviser also offers portfolio
management and portfolio analysis services to individuals and institutions. As
of February 28, 1997, the Investment Adviser and MLAM had a total of
approximately $248.2 billion in investment company and other portfolio assets
under management (approximately $32.1 billion of which were invested in
municipal securities), including accounts of certain affiliates of the
Investment Adviser. The principal business address of the Investment Adviser
is 800 Scudders Mill Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536.
The Investment Advisory Agreement with the Investment Adviser (the
"Investment Advisory Agreement") provides that, subject to the direction of
the Board of Directors of the Fund, the Investment Adviser is responsible for
the actual management of the Fund's portfolio. The responsibility for making
decisions to buy, sell or hold a particular security rests with the Investment
Adviser, subject to review by the Board of Directors.
The Investment Adviser provides the portfolio management for the Fund. Such
portfolio management will consider analyses from various sources (including
brokerage firms with which the Fund does business), make the necessary
investment decisions, and place orders for transactions accordingly. The
Investment Adviser will also be responsible for the performances of certain
administrative and management services for the Fund. John Loffredo and Robert
A. Demelia are the portfolio managers for the Fund and are primarily
responsible for the Fund's day-to-day management.
For the services provided by the Investment Adviser under the Investment
Advisory Agreement, the Fund will pay a monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.55
of 1% of the Fund's average weekly net assets (i.e., the average weekly value
of the total assets of the Fund, including proceeds from the issuance of
shares of preferred stock, minus the sum of accrued liabilities of the Fund
and accumulated dividends on the shares of preferred stock). For purposes of
this calculation, average weekly net assets are determined at the end of each
month on the basis of the average net assets of the Fund for each week during
the month. The assets for each weekly period are determined by averaging the
net assets at the last business day of a week with the net assets at the last
business day of the prior week.
The Investment Advisory Agreement obligates the Investment Adviser to
provide investment advisory services and to pay all compensation of and
furnish office space for officers and employees of the Fund connected with
investment and economic research, trading and investment management of the
Fund, as well as the compensation of all Directors of the Fund who are
affiliated persons of the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates. The
Fund pays all other expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund, including,
among other things, expenses for legal and auditing services, taxes, costs of
printing proxies, listing fees, stock certificates and shareholder reports,
charges of the custodian and the transfer and dividend disbursing agent and
registrar, fees and expenses with respect to the issuance of preferred stock,
Securities and Exchange Commission fees, fees and expenses of unaffiliated
Directors, accounting and pricing costs, insurance, interest, brokerage costs,
litigation and other extraordinary or non-recurring expenses, mailing and
other expenses properly payable by the Fund. Accounting services are provided
to the Fund by the Investment Adviser, and the Fund reimburses the Investment
Adviser for its costs in connection with such services.
26
<PAGE>
Unless earlier terminated as described below, the Investment Advisory
Agreement will remain in effect for a period of two years from the date of
execution and will remain in effect from year to year thereafter if approved
annually (a) by the Board of Directors of the Fund or by a majority of the
outstanding shares of the Fund and (b) by a majority of the Directors who are
not parties to such contract or interested persons (as defined in the 1940
Act) of any such party. Such contract is not assignable and may be terminated
without penalty on 60 days' written notice at the option of either party
thereto or by the vote of the shareholders of the Fund.
Securities held by the Fund may also be held by, or be appropriate
investments for, other funds or investment advisory clients for which the
Investment Adviser or its affiliates act as an adviser. Because of different
objectives or other factors, a particular security may be bought for one or
more clients when one or more clients are selling the same security. If
purchases or sales of securities by the Investment Adviser for the Fund or
other funds for which it acts as investment adviser or for other advisory
clients arise for consideration at or about the same time, transactions in
such securities will be made, insofar as feasible, for the respective funds
and clients in a manner deemed equitable to all. To the extent that
transactions on behalf of more than one client of the Investment Adviser or
its affiliates during the same period may increase the demand for securities
being purchased or the supply of securities being sold, there may be an
adverse effect on price.
CODE OF ETHICS
The Board of Directors of the Fund has adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to
Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that incorporates the Code of Ethics of the
Investment Adviser (together, the "Codes"). The Codes significantly restrict
the personal investing activities of all employees of the Investment Adviser
and, as described below, impose additional, more onerous, restrictions on Fund
investment personnel.
The Codes require that all employees of the Investment Adviser preclear any
personal securities investment (with limited exceptions, such as U.S.
Government securities). The preclearance requirement and associated procedures
are designed to identify any substantive prohibition or limitation applicable
to the proposed investment. The substantive restrictions applicable to all
employees of the Investment Adviser include a ban on acquiring any securities
in a "hot" initial public offering and a prohibition from profiting on short-
term trading securities. In addition, no employee may purchase or sell any
security that at the time is being purchased or sold (as the case may be), or
to the knowledge of the employee is being considered for purchase or sale, by
any fund advised by the Investment Adviser. Furthermore, the Codes provide for
trading "blackout periods" that prohibit trading by investment personnel of
the Fund within periods of trading by the Fund in the same (or equivalent)
security (15 or 30 days depending upon the transaction).
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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Subject to policies established by the Board of Directors of the Fund, the
Investment Adviser is primarily responsible for the execution of the Fund's
portfolio transactions. In executing such transactions, the Investment Adviser
seeks to obtain the best results for the Fund, taking into account such
factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer
spread), size of order, difficulty of execution and operational facilities of
the firm involved and the firm's risk in positioning a block of securities.
While the Investment Adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive commission
rates, the Fund does not necessarily pay the lowest commission or spread
available.
The Fund has no obligation to deal with any broker or dealer in the
execution of transactions in portfolio securities. Subject to obtaining the
best price and execution, securities firms that provided supplemental
investment research to the Investment Adviser, including Merrill Lynch, may
receive orders for transactions by
the Fund. Information so received will be in addition to and not in lieu of
the services required to be performed by the Investment Adviser under the
Investment Advisory Agreement, and the expenses of the Investment Adviser will
not necessarily be reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental
information.
The securities in which the Fund primarily will invest are traded in the
over-the-counter markets, and the Fund intends to deal directly with the
dealers who make markets in the securities involved, except in those
circumstances where better prices and execution are available elsewhere. Under
the 1940 Act, except as permitted by exemptive order, persons affiliated with
the Fund are prohibited from dealing with the Fund as principal in the
purchase and sale of securities. Since transactions in the over-the-counter
market usually involve transactions with dealers acting as principal for their
own account, the Fund will not deal with affiliated persons, including Merrill
Lynch and its affiliates, in connection with such transactions except that,
pursuant to an exemptive order obtained by the Investment Adviser, the Fund
may engage in principal transactions with Merrill Lynch in high quality,
short-term, tax-exempt securities. See "Investment Restrictions." An
affiliated person of the Fund may serve as its broker in over-the-counter
transactions conducted on an agency basis.
The Fund may also make loans to tax-exempt borrowers in individually
negotiated transactions with the borrower. Because an active trading market
may not exist for such securities, the prices that the Fund may pay for these
securities or receive on their resale may be lower than that for similar
securities with a more liquid market.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Generally, the Fund does not purchase securities for short-term trading
profits. However, the Fund may dispose of securities without regard to the
time they have been held when such action, for defensive or other reasons
appears advisable to the Investment Adviser. The Fund will, however, monitor
its trading so as to comply with certain requirements for qualification as a
regulated investment company under the Code. While it is not possible to
predict turnover rates with any certainty, at present it is anticipated that
the Fund's annual portfolio turnover rate, under normal circumstances after
the Fund's portfolio is invested in accordance with its investment objective,
will be less than 100%. The portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing
the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the particular
fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities
owned by the Fund during the particular fiscal year. For purposes of
determining this rate, all securities whose maturities at the time of
acquisition are one year or less are excluded.
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DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to distribute all its net investment income. Dividends from
such net investment income will be declared and paid monthly to holders of
Common Stock. It is expected that the Fund will commence paying dividends to
holders of Common Stock within approximately 90 days of the date of this
Prospectus. From and after issuance of the preferred stock, monthly
distributions to holders of Common Stock normally will consist of
substantially all net investment income remaining after the payment of
dividends (and any Additional Distribution) on the preferred stock. All net
realized long-term or short-term capital gains, if any, will be distributed at
least annually to holders of Common Stock and pro rata to holders of Common
Stock and preferred stock. While any shares of preferred stock are
outstanding, the Fund may not declare any cash dividend or other distribution
on its Common Stock, unless at the time of such declaration, (i) all
accumulated preferred stock dividends, including any Additional Distribution,
have been paid, and (ii) the net asset value of the Fund's portfolio
(determined after deducting the amount of such dividend or other distribution)
is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding preferred stock
(expected to equal the original purchase price of the outstanding shares of
preferred stock plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon and any
accumulated but unpaid Additional Distribution). If the Fund's ability to make
distributions on its Common Stock is limited, such limitation could under
certain circumstances impair the ability of the Fund to maintain its
qualification for taxation as a regulated investment company, which could have
adverse tax consequences for holders of Common Stock. See "Taxes."
See "Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan" for information concerning the
manner in which dividends and distributions to holders of Common Stock may be
automatically reinvested in shares of Common Stock of the Fund. Dividends and
distributions may be taxable to shareholders under certain circumstances as
discussed below, whether they are reinvested in shares of the Fund or received
in cash.
TAXES
GENERAL
The Fund intends to elect and to qualify for the special tax treatment
afforded regulated investment companies ("RICs") under the Code. As long as it
so qualifies, in any taxable year in which it distributes at least 90% of its
taxable net income and 90% of its tax-exempt net income (see below), the Fund
(but not its shareholders) will not be subject to Federal income tax to the
extent that it distributes its net investment income and net realized capital
gains. The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of such income.
The Code requires a RIC to pay a nondeductible 4% excise tax to the extent
the RIC does not distribute, during each calendar year, 98% of its ordinary
income, determined on a calendar year basis, and 98% of its capital gains,
determined, in general, on an October 31 year-end, plus certain undistributed
amounts from previous years. The required distributions, however, are based
only on the taxable income of a RIC. The excise tax, therefore, generally will
not apply to the tax-exempt income of a RIC, such as the Fund, that pays
exempt-interest dividends.
The Fund intends to qualify to pay "exempt-interest dividends" as defined in
Section 852(b)(5) of the Code. Under such section if, at the close of each
quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets
consists of obligations exempt from Federal income tax ("tax-exempt
obligations") under Section 103(a) of the
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Code (relating generally to obligations of a state or local governmental
unit), the Fund shall be qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends to its
shareholders. Exempt-interest dividends are dividends or any part thereof paid
by the Fund that are attributable to interest on tax-exempt obligations and
designated by the Fund as exempt-interest dividends in a written notice mailed
to the Fund's shareholders within 60 days after the close of its taxable year.
To the extent that the dividends distributed to the Fund's shareholders are
derived from interest income exempt from tax under Code Section 103(a) and are
properly designated as exempt-interest dividends, they will be excludable from
a shareholder's gross income for Federal income tax purposes. Exempt-interest
dividends are included, however, in determining the portion, if any, of a
person's Social Security and railroad retirement benefits subject to Federal
income taxes. Interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or
carry Fund shares is not deductible for Federal income tax purposes to the
extent attributable to exempt-interest dividends. Each shareholder is advised
to consult a tax adviser with respect to whether exempt-interest dividends
retain the exclusion under Code Section 103(a) if such shareholder would be
treated as a "substantial user" or "related person" under Code Section 147(a)
with respect to property financed with the proceeds of an issue of "industrial
development bonds" or "private activity bonds," if any, held by the Fund.
To the extent that the Fund's distributions are derived from interest on its
taxable investments or from an excess of net short-term capital gains over net
long-term capital losses ("ordinary income dividends"), such distributions
will be considered taxable ordinary income for Federal income tax purposes.
Distributions, if any, from an excess of net long-term capital gains over net
short-term capital losses derived from the sale of securities or from certain
transactions in futures or options ("capital gain dividends") are taxable as
long-term capital gains for Federal income tax purposes, regardless of the
length of time the shareholder has owned Fund shares. Distributions by the
Fund, whether from exempt-income, ordinary income or capital gains, will not
be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under
the Code.
All or a portion of the Fund's gain from the sale or redemption of tax-
exempt obligations purchased at a market discount will be treated as ordinary
income rather than capital gain. This rule may increase the amount of ordinary
income dividends received by shareholders. Distributions in excess of the
Fund's earnings and profits will first reduce the adjusted tax basis of a
holder's shares and, after such adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, will
constitute capital gains to such holder (assuming the shares are held as a
capital asset). Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares held for six
months or less will be disallowed to the extent of any exempt-interest
dividends received by the shareholder. In addition, any such loss that is not
disallowed under the rule stated above will be treated as long-term capital
loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received by the shareholder.
If the Fund pays a dividend in January that was declared in the previous
October, November or December to shareholders of record on a specified date in
one of such months, then such dividend will be treated for tax purposes as
being paid by the Fund and received by its shareholders on December 31 of the
year in which such dividend was declared.
The Internal Revenue Service has taken the position in a revenue ruling that
if a RIC has two classes of shares, it may designate distributions made to
each class in any year as consisting of no more than such class's
proportionate share of particular types of income, including exempt-interest
income and net long-term capital gains. A class's proportionate share of a
particular type of income is determined according to the percentage of total
dividends paid by the RIC during such year that was paid to such class.
Consequently, when both Common Stock and preferred stock are outstanding, the
Fund intends to designate distributions made to the classes as consisting of
particular types of income in accordance with the classes' proportionate
shares of such income. Thus, the Fund will designate dividends paid as exempt-
interest dividends in a manner that allocates such
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dividends between the holders of Common Stock and preferred stock in
proportion to the total dividends paid to each class during the taxable year,
or otherwise as required by applicable law. Capital gain dividends will
similarly be allocated between the two classes in proportion to the total
dividends paid to each class during the taxable year, or otherwise as required
by applicable law. When capital gain or other taxable income is allocated to
holders of preferred stock pursuant to the allocation rules described above,
the terms of the preferred stock may require the Fund to make an additional
distribution to or otherwise compensate such holders for the tax liability
resulting from such allocation.
The Code subjects interest received on certain otherwise tax-exempt
securities to an alternative minimum tax. The alternative minimum tax will
apply to interest received on certain "private activity bonds" issued after
August 7, 1986. Private activity bonds are bonds that, although tax-exempt,
are used for purposes other than those generally performed by governmental
units and that benefit non-governmental entities (e.g., bonds used for
industrial development or housing purposes). Income received on such bonds is
classified as an item of "tax preference" that could subject certain investors
in such bonds, including shareholders of the Fund, to an increased alternative
minimum tax. The Fund intends to purchase such "private activity bonds" and
will report to shareholders within 60 days after its taxable year-end the
portion of its dividends declared during the year that constitutes an item of
tax preference for alternative minimum tax purposes. The Code further provides
that corporations are subject to an alternative minimum tax based, in part, on
certain differences between taxable income as adjusted for other tax
preferences and the corporation's "adjusted current earnings," which more
closely reflect a corporation's economic income. Because an exempt-interest
dividend paid by the Fund will be included in adjusted current earnings, a
corporate shareholder may be required to pay an alternative minimum tax on
exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund.
The Fund may invest in high yield securities, as previously described.
Furthermore, the Fund may also invest in instruments the return on which
includes nontraditional features such as indexed principal or interest
payments ("nontraditional instruments"). These instruments may be subject to
special tax rules under which the Fund may be required to accrue and
distribute income before amounts due under the obligations are paid. In
addition, it is possible that all or a portion of the interest payments on
such high yield securities and/or nontraditional instruments could be
recharacterized as taxable ordinary income.
If at any time when shares of preferred stock are outstanding the Fund does
not meet the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act, the Fund will be
required to suspend distributions to holders of Common Stock until the asset
coverage is restored. See "Dividends and Distributions." This may prevent the
Fund from distributing at least 90% of its net investment income and may,
therefore, jeopardize the Fund's qualification for taxation as a RIC. Upon any
failure to meet the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act, the Fund, in
its sole discretion, may redeem shares of preferred stock in order to maintain
or restore the requisite asset coverage and avoid the adverse consequences to
the Fund and its shareholders of failing to qualify as a RIC. There can be no
assurance, however, that any such action would achieve such objectives.
As noted above, the Fund must distribute annually at least 90% of its net
taxable and tax-exempt interest income. A distribution will only be counted
for this purpose if it qualifies for the dividends paid deduction under the
Code. Some types of preferred stock that the Fund currently contemplates
issuing may raise an issue as to whether distributions on such preferred stock
are "preferential" under the Code and, therefore, not eligible for the
dividends paid deduction. The Fund intends to issue preferred stock that
counsel advises will not result in the payment of a preferential dividend and
may seek a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service to that
effect. If the Fund ultimately relies solely on a legal opinion when it issues
such preferred stock, there is no
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assurance that the Internal Revenue Service would agree that dividends on the
preferred stock are not preferential. If the Internal Revenue Service
successfully disallowed the dividends paid deduction for dividends on the
preferred stock, the Fund could be disqualified as a RIC. In this case,
dividends on the Common Stock would not be exempt from Federal income taxes.
Additionally, the Fund would be subject to the alternative minimum tax.
The value of shares acquired pursuant to the Fund's dividend reinvestment
plan will generally be excluded from gross income to the extent that the cash
amount reinvested would be excluded from gross income. If, when the Fund's
shares are trading at a premium over net asset value, the Fund issues shares
pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan that have a greater fair market
value than the amount of cash reinvested, it is possible that all or a portion
of such discount (which may not exceed 5% of the fair market value of the
Fund's shares) could be viewed as a taxable distribution. If the discount is
viewed as a taxable distribution, it is also possible that the taxable
character of this discount would be allocable to all the shareholders,
including shareholders who do not participate in the dividend reinvestment
plan. Thus, shareholders who do not participate in the dividend reinvestment
plan might be required to report as ordinary income a portion of their
distributions equal to their allocable share of the discount.
Ordinary income dividends paid to shareholders who are nonresident aliens or
foreign entities will be subject to a 30% United States withholding tax under
existing provisions of the Code applicable to foreign individuals and entities
unless a reduced rate of withholding or a withholding exemption is provided
under applicable treaty law. Nonresident shareholders are urged to consult
their own tax advisers concerning the applicability of the United States
withholding tax.
Under certain Code provisions, some taxpayers may be subject to 31%
withholding tax on certain ordinary income dividends and on capital gain
dividends and redemption payments ("backup withholding"). Generally,
shareholders subject to backup withholding will be those for whom no certified
taxpayer identification number is on file with the Fund or who, to the Fund's
knowledge, have furnished an incorrect number. When establishing an account,
an investor must certify under penalty of perjury that such number is correct
and that such investor is not otherwise subject to backup withholding.
The Code provides that every shareholder required to file a tax return must
include for information purposes on such return the amount of exempt-interest
dividends received from all sources (including the Fund) during the taxable
year.
TAX TREATMENT OF OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may purchase or sell municipal bond index financial futures
contracts and interest rate financial futures contracts on U.S. Government
securities. The Fund may also purchase and write call and put options on such
financial futures contracts. In general, unless an election is available to
the Fund or an exception applies, such options and financial futures contracts
that are "Section 1256 contracts" will be "marked to market" for Federal
income tax purposes at the end of each taxable year, i.e., each such option or
financial futures contract will be treated as sold for its fair market value
on the last day of the taxable year, and any gain or loss attributable to
Section 1256 contracts will be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain
or loss. Application of these rules to Section 1256 contracts held by the Fund
may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The mark-
to-market rules outlined above, however, will not apply to certain
transactions entered into by the Fund solely to reduce the risk of changes in
price or interest rates with respect to its investment.
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Code Section 1092, which applies to certain "straddles," may affect the
taxation of the Fund's sales of securities and transactions in financial
futures contracts and related options. Under Section 1092, the Fund may be
required to postpone recognition for tax purposes of losses incurred in certain
sales of securities and certain closing transactions in financial futures
contracts or the related options.
One of the requirements for qualification as a RIC is that less than 30% of
the Fund's gross income be derived from gains from the sale or other
disposition of securities held for less than three months. Accordingly, the
Fund may be restricted in effecting closing transactions within three months
after entering into an option or financial futures contract.
STATE AND LOCAL TAXES
The exemption from Federal income tax for exempt-interest dividends does not
necessarily result in an exemption for such dividends under the income or other
tax laws of any state or other tax laws or local taxing authority. Shareholders
are advised to consult their own tax advisers concerning state and local tax
matters.
The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable
provisions of the Code and Treasury Regulations presently in effect. For the
complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections
and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. The Code and the Treasury
Regulations are subject to change by legislative, judicial or administrative
action either prospectively or retroactively.
Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding specific
questions as to Federal, state, local or foreign taxes.
AUTOMATIC DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
Pursuant to the Fund's Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the "Plan"),
unless a holder of Common Stock otherwise elects, all dividend and capital
gains distributions will be automatically reinvested by , as agent for
shareholders in administering the Plan (the "Plan Agent"), in additional shares
of Common Stock of the Fund. Holders of Common Stock who elect not to
participate in the Plan will receive all distributions in cash paid by check
mailed directly to the shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in
street or other nominee name, then to such nominee) by, , as dividend
paying agent. Such participants may elect not to participate in the Plan and to
receive all distributions of dividends and capital gains in cash by sending
written instructions to , as dividend paying agent, at the address set
forth below. Participation in the Plan is completely voluntary and may be
terminated or resumed at any time without penalty by written notice if received
by the Plan Agent not less than ten days prior to any dividend record date;
otherwise, such termination will be effective with respect to any subsequently
declared dividend or distribution.
Whenever the Fund declares an income dividend or a capital gains distribution
(collectively, referred to as "dividends") payable either in shares or in cash,
non-participants in the Plan will receive cash, and participants in the Plan
will receive the equivalent in shares of Common Stock. The shares will be
acquired by the Plan Agent for the participant's account, depending upon the
circumstances described below, either (i) through receipt of additional
unissued but authorized shares of Common Stock from the Fund ("newly issued
shares") or (ii) by purchase of outstanding shares of Common Stock on the open
market ("open-market purchases") on the New
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York Stock Exchange or elsewhere. If on the payment date for the dividend, the
net asset value per share of the Common Stock is equal to or less than the
market price per share of the Common Stock plus estimated brokerage commissions
(such condition being referred to herein as "market premium"), the Plan Agent
will invest the dividend amount in newly issued shares on behalf of the
participant. The number of newly issued shares of Common Stock to be credited
to the participant's account will be determined by dividing the dollar amount
of the dividend by the net asset value per share on the date the shares are
issued, provided that the maximum discount from the then current market price
per share on the date of issuance may not exceed 5%. If on the dividend payment
date the net asset value per share is greater than the market value (such
condition being referred to herein as "market discount"), the Plan Agent will
invest the dividend amount in shares acquired on behalf of the participant in
open-market purchases. Prior to the time the shares of Common Stock commence
trading on the New York Stock Exchange, participants in the Plan will receive
any dividends in newly issued shares.
In the event of a market discount on the dividend payment date, the Plan
Agent will have until the last business day before the next date on which the
shares trade on an "ex-dividend" basis or in no event more than 30 days after
the dividend payment date (the "last purchase date") to invest the dividend
amount in shares acquired in open-market purchases. It is contemplated that the
Fund will pay monthly income dividends. Therefore, the period during which
open-market purchases can be made will exist only from the payment date on the
dividend through the date before the next "ex-dividend" date, which typically
will be approximately ten days. If, before the Plan Agent has completed its
open-market purchases, the market price of a share of Common Stock exceeds the
net asset value per share, the average per share purchase prices paid by the
Plan Agent may exceed the net asset value of the Fund's shares, resulting in
the acquisition of fewer shares than if the dividend had been paid in newly
issued shares on the dividend payment date. Because of the foregoing difficulty
with respect to open-market purchases, the Plan provides that if the Plan Agent
is unable to invest the full dividend amount in open-market purchases during
the purchase period or if the market discount shifts to a market premium during
the purchase period, the Plan Agent will cease making open-market purchases and
will invest the uninvested portion of the dividend amount in newly issued
shares at the close of business on the last purchase date.
The Plan Agent maintains all shareholders' accounts in the Plan and furnishes
written confirmation of all transactions in the account, including information
needed by shareholders for tax records. Shares in the account of each Plan
participant will be held by the Plan Agent in non-certificated form in the name
of the participant and each shareholder's proxy will include those shares
purchased or received pursuant to the Plan. The Plan Agent will forward all
proxy solicitation materials to participants and vote proxies for shares held
pursuant to the Plan in accordance with the instructions of the participants.
In the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees that hold
shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the Plan Agent will administer
the Plan on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by
the record shareholders as representing the total amount registered in the
record shareholder's name and held for the account of beneficial owners who are
to participate in the Plan.
There will be no brokerage charges with respect to shares issued directly by
the Fund as a result of dividends or capital gains distributions payable either
in shares or in cash. However, each participant will pay a pro rata share of
brokerage commissions incurred with respect to the Plan Agent's open-market
purchases in connection with the reinvestment of dividends.
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The automatic reinvestment of dividends and distributions will not relieve
participants of any Federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or
required to be withheld) on such dividends. See "Taxes."
Shareholders participating in the Plan may receive benefits not available to
shareholders not participating in the Plan. If the market price plus
commissions of the Fund's shares is above the net asset value, participants in
the Plan will receive shares of the Fund at less than they could otherwise
purchase them and will have shares with a cash value greater than the value of
any cash distribution they would have received on their shares. If the market
price plus commissions is below the net asset value, participants will receive
distributions in shares with a net asset value greater than the value of any
cash distribution they would have received on their shares. However, there may
be insufficient shares available in the market to make distributions in shares
at prices below the net asset value. Also, since the Fund does not redeem its
shares, the price on resale may be more or less than the net asset value. See
"Taxes" for a discussion of tax consequences of the Plan.
Experience under the Plan may indicate that changes are desirable.
Accordingly, the Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plan. There
is no direct service charge to participants in the Plan; however, the Fund
reserves the right to amend the Plan to include a service charge payable by the
participants.
All correspondence concerning the Plan should be directed to the Plan Agent
at , , .
MUTUAL FUND INVESTMENT OPTION
Purchasers of shares of Common Stock of the Fund through Merrill Lynch in
this offering will have an investment option consisting of the right to
reinvest the net proceeds from a sale of such shares (the "Original Shares") in
Class D initial sales charge shares of certain Merrill Lynch-sponsored open-end
mutual funds ("Eligible Class D Shares") at their net asset value, without the
imposition of the initial sales charge, if the conditions set forth below are
satisfied. First, the sale of the Original Shares must be made through Merrill
Lynch, and the net proceeds therefrom must be immediately reinvested in
Eligible Class D Shares. Second, the Original Shares must have been either
acquired in this offering or be shares representing reinvested dividends from
shares of Common Stock acquired in this offering. Third, the Original Shares
must have been continuously maintained in a Merrill Lynch securities account.
Fourth, there must be a minimum purchase of $250 to be eligible for the
investment option. Class D shares of the mutual funds are subject to an account
maintenance fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net asset
value of such mutual fund. The Eligible Class D Shares may be redeemed at any
time at the next determined net asset value, subject in certain cases to a
redemption fee. Prior to the time the shares of Common Stock commence trading
on the New York Stock Exchange, the distributor for the mutual funds will
advise Merrill Lynch financial consultants as to those mutual funds that offer
the investment option described above.
NET ASSET VALUE
Net asset value per share of Common Stock is determined as of 15 minutes
after the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (generally, 4:00
p.m., New York time) on the last business day in each week. For purposes of
determining the net asset value of a share of Common Stock, the value of the
securities held by the Fund plus any cash or other assets (including interest
accrued but not yet received) minus all liabilities (including
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accrued expenses) and the aggregate liquidation value of the outstanding shares
of preferred stock is divided by the total number of shares of Common Stock
outstanding at such time. Expenses, including the fees payable to the
Investment Adviser, are accrued daily.
The Municipal Bonds in which the Fund invests are traded primarily in the
over-the-counter markets. In determining net asset value, the Fund utilizes the
valuations of portfolio securities furnished by a pricing service approved by
the Board of Directors. The pricing service typically values portfolio
securities at the bid price or the yield equivalent when quotations are readily
available. Municipal Bonds for which quotations are not readily available are
valued at fair market value on a consistent basis as determined by the pricing
service using a matrix system to determine valuations. The procedures of the
pricing service and its valuations are reviewed by the officers of the Fund
under the general supervision of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors
has determined in good faith that the use of a pricing service is a fair method
of determining the valuation of portfolio securities. Positions in futures
contracts are valued at closing prices for such contracts established by the
exchange on which they are traded, or if market quotations are not readily
available, are valued at fair value on a consistent basis using methods
determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.
The Fund determines and makes available for publication the net asset value
of its Common Stock weekly. Currently, the net asset values of shares of
publicly traded closed-end investment companies investing in debt securities
are published in Barron's, the Monday edition of The Wall Street Journal, and
the Monday and Saturday editions of The New York Times.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The Fund is authorized to issue 200,000,000 shares of capital stock, par
value $.10 per share, all of which shares are initially classified as Common
Stock. The Board of Directors is authorized, however, to classify or reclassify
any unissued shares of capital stock by setting or changing the preferences,
conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to
dividends, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption. Within
approximately three months after completion of the offering of Common Stock
described herein, the Fund intends to reclassify an amount of unissued Common
Stock as preferred stock and at that time to offer shares of preferred stock
representing approximately 35% of the Fund's capital immediately after the
issuance of such preferred stock.
COMMON STOCK
Shares of Common Stock, when issued and outstanding, will be fully paid and
non-assessable. Shareholders are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets
of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders upon liquidation of the
Fund. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each share held.
So long as any shares of the Fund's preferred stock are outstanding, holders
of Common Stock will not be entitled to receive any net income of or other
distributions from the Fund unless all accumulated dividends on preferred stock
have been paid and unless asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act) with
respect to preferred stock would be at least 200% after giving effect to such
distributions. See "Preferred Stock" below.
The Fund will send unaudited reports at least semi-annually and audited
annual financial statements to all of its shareholders.
36
<PAGE>
The Investment Adviser provided the initial capital for the Fund by
purchasing 6,667 shares of Common Stock of the Fund for $100,005. As of the
date of this Prospectus, the Investment Adviser owned 100% of the outstanding
shares of Common Stock of the Fund. The Investment Adviser may be deemed to
control the Fund until such time as it owns less than 25% of the outstanding
shares of the Fund.
PREFERRED STOCK
It is anticipated that the Fund's shares of preferred stock will be issued in
one or more series, with rights as determined by the Board of Directors, by
action of the Board of Directors without the approval of the holders of Common
Stock. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is permitted to have outstanding more than
one series of preferred stock so long as no single series has a priority over
another series as to the distribution of assets of the Fund or the payment of
dividends. Holders of Common Stock have no preemptive right to purchase any
shares of preferred stock that might be issued. It is anticipated that the net
asset value per share of the preferred stock will equal its original purchase
price per share plus accumulated dividends per share.
The Fund's Board of Directors has declared its intention to authorize an
offering of shares of preferred stock (representing approximately 35% of the
Fund's capital immediately after the issuance of such preferred stock) within
approximately three months after completion of the offering of Common Stock,
subject to market conditions and to the Board's continuing to believe that
leveraging the Fund's capital structure through the issuance of preferred stock
is likely to achieve the benefits to the holders of Common Stock described in
the Prospectus. Although the terms of the preferred stock, including its
dividend rate, voting rights, liquidation preference and redemption provisions
will be determined by the Board of Directors (subject to applicable law and the
Fund's Articles of Incorporation), the initial series of preferred stock will
be structured to carry either a relatively short-term dividend rate, in which
case periodic redetermination of the dividend rate will be made at relatively
short intervals (generally seven or 28 days), or a medium-term dividend rate,
in which case periodic redetermination of the dividend rate will be made at
intervals of up to five years. In either case, such redetermination of the
dividend rate will be made through an auction or remarketing procedure.
Additionally, under certain circumstances, when the Fund is required to
allocate taxable income to holders of the preferred stock, it is anticipated
that the terms of the preferred stock will require the Fund to make an
Additional Distribution (as defined in "Special Leverage Considerations and
Risks--Effects of Leverage") to such holders. The Board also has indicated that
it is likely that the liquidation preference, voting rights and redemption
provisions of the preferred stock will be as stated below. The Fund's Articles
of Incorporation, as amended, together with any Articles Supplementary, is
referred to below as the "Charter."
Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the holders of shares of
preferred stock will be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating
distribution (expected to equal the original purchase price per share plus an
amount equal to accumulated and unpaid dividends whether or not earned or
declared and any accumulated and unpaid Additional Distribution) before any
distribution of assets is made to holders of Common Stock. After payment of the
full amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled, the
preferred stockholders will not be entitled to any further participation in any
distribution of assets by the Fund. A consolidation or merger of the Fund with
or into any other corporation or corporations or a sale of all or substantially
all of the assets of the Fund will not be deemed to be a liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the Fund.
37
<PAGE>
Voting Rights. Except as otherwise indicated in this Prospectus and except as
otherwise required by applicable law, holders of shares of preferred stock will
have equal voting rights with holders of shares of Common Stock (one vote per
share) and will vote together with holders of Common Stock as a single class.
In connection with the election of the Fund's directors, holders of shares of
preferred stock, voting as a separate class, will be entitled to elect two of
the Fund's directors, and the remaining directors will be elected by all
holders of capital stock, voting as a single class. So long as any preferred
stock is outstanding, the Fund will have not less than five directors. If at
any time dividends on shares of the Fund's preferred stock shall be unpaid in
an amount equal to two full years' dividends thereon, the holders of all
outstanding shares of preferred stock, voting as a separate class, will be
entitled to elect a majority of the Fund's directors until all dividends in
default have been paid or declared and set apart for payment.
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares
of the preferred stock, voting as a separate class, will be required to (i)
authorize, create or issue, or increase the authorized or issued amount of, any
class or series of stock ranking prior to or on a parity with any series of
preferred stock with respect to payment of dividends or the distribution of
assets on liquidation, or increase the authorized amount of preferred stock or
(ii) amend, alter or repeal the provisions of the Charter, whether by merger,
consolidation or otherwise, so as to adversely affect any of the contract
rights expressly set forth in the Charter of holders of preferred stock.
Redemption Provisions. It is anticipated that shares of preferred stock will
generally be redeemable at the option of the Fund at a price equal to their
liquidation preference plus accumulated but unpaid dividends to the date of
redemption plus, under certain circumstances, a redemption premium. Shares of
preferred stock will also be subject to mandatory redemption at a price equal
to their liquidation preference plus accumulated but unpaid dividends to the
date of redemption upon the occurrence of certain specified events, such as the
failure of the Fund to maintain asset coverage requirements for the preferred
stock specified by the rating agencies that issue ratings on the preferred
stock.
CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
The Fund's Articles of Incorporation include provisions that could have the
effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of its Board of Directors and could
have the effect of depriving shareholders of an opportunity to sell their
shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party
from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. A director may be removed from
office with or without cause, but only by vote of the holders of at least 66
2/3% of the votes entitled to be voted on the matter. A director elected by all
the holders of capital stock may be removed only by action of such holders, and
a director elected by the holders of preferred stock may be removed only by
action of such holders.
In addition, the Articles of Incorporation require the favorable vote of the
holders of at least 66 2/3% of the Fund's shares of capital stock then entitled
to be voted, voting as a single class, to approve, adopt or authorize the
following:
(i) a merger or consolidation or statutory share exchange of the Fund
with other corporations,
(ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the Fund's assets (other than
in the regular course of the Fund's investment activities), or
38
<PAGE>
(iii) a liquidation or dissolution of the Fund, unless such action has
been approved, adopted or authorized by the affirmative vote of two-thirds
of the total number of Directors fixed in accordance with the by-laws, in
which case the affirmative vote of a majority of the Fund's shares of
capital stock is required. Following the proposed issuance of the preferred
stock, it is anticipated that the approval, adoption or authorization of
the foregoing would also require the favorable vote of a majority of the
Fund's shares of preferred stock then entitled to be voted, voting as a
separate class.
In addition, conversion of the Fund to an open-end investment company would
require an amendment to the Fund's Articles of Incorporation. The amendment
would have to be declared advisable by the Board of Directors prior to its
submission to shareholders. Such an amendment would require the favorable vote
of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the Fund's outstanding shares of capital
stock (including any preferred stock) entitled to be voted on the matter,
voting as a single class (or a majority of such shares if the amendment was
previously approved, adopted or authorized by two-thirds of the total number of
Directors fixed in accordance with the by-laws), and, assuming preferred stock
is issued, the affirmative vote of a majority of outstanding shares of
preferred stock of the Fund, voting as a separate class. Such a vote also would
satisfy a separate requirement in the 1940 Act that the change be approved by
the shareholders. Shareholders of an open-end investment company may require
the company to redeem their shares of common stock at any time (except in
certain circumstances as authorized by or under the 1940 Act) at their net
asset value, less such redemption charge, if any, as might be in effect at the
time of a redemption. All redemptions will be made in cash. If the Fund is
converted to an open-end investment company, it could be required to liquidate
portfolio securities to meet requests for redemption, and the Common Stock
would no longer be listed on a stock exchange.
Conversion to an open-end investment company would also require redemption of
all outstanding shares of preferred stock and would require changes in certain
of the Fund's investment policies and restrictions, such as those relating to
the issuance of senior securities, the borrowing of money and the purchase of
illiquid securities.
The Board of Directors has determined that the 66 2/3% voting requirements
described above, which are greater than the minimum requirements under Maryland
law or the 1940 Act, are in the best interests of shareholders generally.
Reference should be made to the Charter on file with the Securities and
Exchange Commission for the full text of these provisions.
CUSTODIAN
The Fund's securities and cash are held under a custodial agreement with
, .
39
<PAGE>
UNDERWRITING
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (the "Underwriter") has
agreed, subject to the terms and conditions of a Purchase Agreement with the
Fund and the Investment Adviser, to purchase 6,700,000 shares of Common Stock
from the Fund. The Underwriter is committed to purchase all of such shares if
any are purchased.
The Underwriter has advised the Fund that it proposes initially to offer the
shares of Common Stock to the public at the public offering price set forth on
the cover page of this Prospectus. There is no sales charge or underwriting
discount charged to investors on purchases of shares of Common Stock in the
offering. The Investment Adviser or an affiliate has agreed to pay the
Underwriter from its own assets a commission in connection with the sale of
shares of Common Stock in the offering in the amount of $ per share. Such
payment is equal to % of the initial public offering price per share. The
Underwriter also has advised the Fund that from this amount the Underwriter
may pay a concession to certain dealers not in excess of $ per share on
sales by such dealers and the Underwriter may pay an allowance, and such
dealers may pay a reallowance, not in excess of $ per share on sales by
certain other dealers. After the initial public offering, the public offering
price and other selling terms may be changed. Investors must pay for shares of
Common Stock purchased in the offering on or before April , 1997.
The Fund has granted the Underwriter an option, exercisable for 45 days
after the date hereof, to purchase up to 1,005,000 additional shares of Common
Stock to cover over-allotments, if any, at the initial offering price.
The Underwriter may engage in certain transactions that stabilize the price
of the shares of Common Stock. Such transactions consist of bids or purchases
for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the shares of
Common Stock.
If the Underwriter creates a short position in the shares of Common Stock in
connection with the offering, i.e., if it sells more shares of Common Stock
than are set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus, the Underwriter may
reduce that short position by purchasing shares of Common Stock in the open
market.
The Underwriter also may impose a penalty bid on certain selling group
members. This means that if the Underwriter purchases shares of Common Stock
in the open market to reduce the Underwriter's short position or to stabilize
the price of the shares of Common Stock, it may reclaim the amount of the
selling concession from the selling group members who sold those shares of
Common Stock as part of the offering.
In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization or to
reduce a short position could cause the price of the security to be higher
than it might be in the absence of such purchases. The imposition of a penalty
bid might also have an effect on the price of a security to the extent that it
were to discourage resales of the security.
Neither the Fund nor the Underwriter makes any representation or prediction
as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described
above may have on the price of the shares of Common Stock. In addition,
neither the Fund nor the Underwriter makes any representation that the
Underwriter will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once
commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the shares of
the Common Stock. The shares of Common Stock have been approved for listing on
the New York Stock Exchange. However, during an initial period, which is not
expected to exceed four weeks from the date of this Prospectus, the Fund's
shares will not
40
<PAGE>
be listed on any securities exchange. Additionally, during such period, the
Underwriter does not intend to make a market in the Fund's shares, although a
limited market may develop. Consequently, it is anticipated that an investment
in the Fund will be illiquid during such period. In order to meet the
requirements for listing, the Underwriter has undertaken to sell lots of 100
or more shares to a minimum of 2,000 beneficial owners.
The Fund anticipates that the Underwriter may from time to time act as a
broker in connection with the execution of its portfolio transactions. The
Fund has obtained an exemptive order permitting it to engage in certain
principal transactions with the Underwriter involving high quality, short-
term, tax-exempt securities subject to certain conditions. See "Investment
Restrictions" and "Portfolio Transactions."
The Underwriter is an affiliate of the Investment Adviser of the Fund.
The Fund and the Investment Adviser have agreed to indemnify the Underwriter
against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of
1933.
TRANSFER AGENT, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and registrar for the shares
of Common Stock of the Fund will be .
LEGAL OPINIONS
Certain legal matters in connection with the Common Stock offered hereby
will be passed upon for the Fund and the Underwriter by Brown & Wood LLP, New
York, New York. Brown & Wood LLP will rely as to matters of Maryland law on
the opinion of Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, Baltimore, Maryland.
EXPERTS
The statement of assets, liabilities and capital of the Fund included in
this Prospectus has been so included in reliance on the report of ,
independent auditors, and on their authority as experts in auditing and
accounting. The selection of independent auditors is subject to ratification
by shareholders of the Fund.
41
<PAGE>
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets, liabilities and capital
of MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. as of , 1997. This financial statement is
the responsibility of the Fund's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on this financial statement based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards required that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, such statement of assets, liabilities and capital presents
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of MuniHoldings Fund,
Inc. as of , 1997 in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
42
<PAGE>
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
STATEMENT OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
, 1997
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
ASSETS
Cash................................................................ $100,005
Prepaid registration fees (Note 1)..................................
Deferred organization expenses (Note 1).............................
--------
Total assets......................................................
--------
LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses (Note 1)...........................................
--------
NET ASSETS............................................................ $100,005
========
CAPITAL
Common Stock, par value $.10 per share; 200,000,000 shares autho-
rized; 6,667 shares issued and outstanding (Note 1)................ $
Paid-in Capital in excess of par Total Capital-Equivalent to $15.00
net asset value per share of common stock (Note 1).................
--------
$100,005
========
</TABLE>
NOTES TO STATEMENT OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION
The Fund was incorporated under the laws of the State of Maryland on
February 27, 1997 as a closed-end, non-diversified management investment
company and has had no operations other than the sale to Fund Asset
Management, L.P. (the "Investment Adviser") of an aggregate of 6,667 shares
for $100,005 on , 1997.
Deferred organization costs will be amortized on a straight-line basis over
a five-year period beginning with the commencement of operations of the Fund.
NOTE 2. MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS
The Fund has engaged the Investment Adviser to provide investment advisory
and management services to the Fund. The Investment Adviser will receive a
monthly fee for advisory services, at an annual rate equal to 0.55 of 1% of
the average weekly net assets of the Fund.
NOTE 3. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
The Fund intends to qualify as a "regulated investment company" and as such
(and by complying with the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended) will not be subject to Federal income tax on taxable
income (including realized capital gains) that is distributed to shareholders.
43
<PAGE>
APPENDIX I
RATINGS OF MUNICIPAL BONDS AND COMMERCIAL PAPER
DESCRIPTION OF MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC.'S ("MOODY'S") MUNICIPAL BOND
RATINGS
Aaa--Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They
carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as
"gilt edge". Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally
stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements
are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to
impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa--Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all
standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known
as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins
of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of
protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements
present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa
securities.
A--Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and
are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving
security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may
be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the
future.
Baa--Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations,
i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments
and principal security appear adequate for the present, but certain protective
elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great
length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in
fact have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba--Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their
future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest
and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded
during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position
characterizes bonds in this class.
B--Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable
investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of
other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.
Caa--Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in
default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal
or interest.
Ca--Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in
a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked
shortcomings.
C-- Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues
so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining
any real investment standing.
Con.(...)--Bonds for which the security depends upon the completion of some
act or the fulfillment of some condition are rated conditionally. These are
bonds secured by (a) earnings of projects under construction, (b) earnings of
projects unseasoned in operation experience, (e) rentals which begin when
facilities are
44
<PAGE>
completed, or (d) payments to which some other limiting condition attaches.
Parenthetical rating denotes probable credit stature upon completion of
construction or elimination of basis of condition.
Note: These bonds in the Aa, A, Baa, Ba and B groups which Moody's believes
possess the strongest investment attributes are designated by the symbols Aa1,
Al, Baal, Bal and B1.
Short-term Notes and Variable Rate Demand Obligations: The four ratings of
Moody's for short-term notes and VRDOs are MIG-1/VMIG-1, MIG-2/VMIG-2, MIG-
3/VMIG-3, and MIG-4/VMIG-4; MIG-1/VMIG-1 denotes "best quality, enjoying strong
protection from established cash flows"; MIG-2/VMIG-2 denotes "high quality"
with "ample margins of protection"; MIG-3/VMIG-3 instruments are of "favorable
quality . . . but lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding grades";
MIG4/VMIG4 instruments are of "adequate quality, carrying specific risk but
having protection . . . and not distinctly or predominantly speculative."
DESCRIPTION OF MOODY'S COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
Moody's Commercial Paper ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to
repay punctually promissory obligations not having an original maturity in
excess of nine months. Moody's employs the following three designations, all
judged to be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of
rated issuers:
PRIME-1--Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a
superior ability for repayment of senior short-term promissory obligations.
Prime-l repayment capacity will often be evidenced by the following
characteristics: leading market positions in well established industries;
high rates of return on funds employed; conservative capitalization
structures with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection; broad
margins in earning coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal
cash generation; and with established access to a range of financial
markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.
PRIME-2--Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong
ability for repayment of senior short-term promissory obligations. This
will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but
to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, will
be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still
appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate
liquidity is maintained.
PRIME-3--Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an
acceptable ability for repayment of short-term promissory obligations. The
effects of industry characteristics and market composition may be more
pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes
to the level of debt protection measurements and the requirement for
relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is
maintained.
NOT PRIME--Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime
rating categories.
If an issuer represents to Moody's that its Commercial Paper obligations are
supported by the credit of another entity or entities, then the name or names
of such supporting entity or entities are listed within the parentheses beneath
the name of the issuer, or there is a footnote referring the reader to another
page for the name or names of the supporting entity or entities. In assigning
ratings to such issuers, Moody's evaluates the financial strength of the
affiliated corporations, commercial banks, insurance companies, foreign
governments or other entities, but only as one factor in the total rating
assessment. Moody's makes no representations and gives no opinion on the legal
validity or enforceability of any support arrangement. You are cautioned to
review with your counsel any questions regarding particular support
arrangements.
45
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES ("S&P'S") MUNICIPAL DEBT
RATINGS
An S&P's municipal debt rating is a current assessment of the
creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. This
assessment may take into consideration obligors such as guarantors, insurers,
or lessees.
The debt rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security,
inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a
particular investor.
The ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or
obtained by S&P's from other sources S&P's considers reliable. S&P's does not
perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on occasion, rely on
unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended or
withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or
for other circumstances.
The ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations:
I. Likelihood of default--capacity and willingness of the obligor as to
the timely payment of interest and repayment of principal in accordance
with the terms of the obligation;
II. Nature of and provisions of the obligation;
III. Protection afforded to, and relative position of, the obligation in
the event of bankruptcy, reorganization or other arrangement under the laws
of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors' rights.
AAA--Debt rated "AAA" has the highest rating assigned by S&P's. Capacity
to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
AA--Debt rated "AA" has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal and differs from the highest-rated issues only in small degree.
A--Debt rated "A" has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse
effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in
higher-rated categories.
BBB--Debt rated "BBB" is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay
interest and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate
protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing
circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay
interest and repay principal for debt in this category than for debt in
higher-rated categories.
BB, B, CCC, CC, C--Debt rated "BB", "B", "CCC", "CC" and "C" is regarded,
on balance, as predominately speculative with respect to capacity to pay
interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the
obligation. "BB" indicates the lowest degree of speculation and "C' the
highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some
quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large
uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.
C1--The rating "Cl" is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is
being paid.
D--Debt rated "D" is in payment default. The "D" rating category is used
when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due
even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P's believes
that such payments will be made during such grace period. The "D" rating
also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service
payments are jeopardized.
46
<PAGE>
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from "AA" to "CCC" may be modified by the
addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major
rating categories.
DESCRIPTION OF S&P'S COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
An S&P's commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood
of timely payment of debt considered short-term in the relevant market.
Ratings are graded into several categories, ranging from "A-l" for the
highest quality obligations to "D" for the lowest. These categories are as
follows:
A-1--This highest category indicates that the degree of safety regarding
timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely
strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+) designation.
A-2--Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is
satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for
issues designated "A-1."
A-3--Issues carrying this designation have adequate capacity for timely
payment. They are, however, more vulnerable to the adverse effects of
changes in circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
B--Issues rated "B" are regarded as having only speculative capacity for
timely payment.
C--This rating is assigned to short-term debt obligations with a doubtful
capacity for payment.
D--Debt rated "D" is in payment default. The "D" rating category is used
when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due,
even if the applicable grace period has not expired unless S&P's believes
that such payments will be made during such grace period.
A commercial paper rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold
a security inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability
for a particular investor. The ratings are based on current information
furnished to S&P's by the issuer or obtained by S&P's from other sources it
considers reliable. S&P's does not conduct an audit in connection with any
rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The
ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or
unavailability of, such information or based on other circumstances.
An S&P's municipal note rating reflects the liquidity concerns and market
access risks unique to such notes. Notes due in three years or less will
likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most
likely receive a long-term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in
making that assessment.
Amortization schedule (the larger the final maturity relative to other
maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note).
Source of payment (the more dependent the issue is on the market for its
refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note).
47
<PAGE>
Note rating symbols are as follows:
<TABLE>
<C> <S>
SP-1 A very strong, or strong, capacity to pay principal and interest.
Issues that possess overwhelming safety characteristics will be given a
"+" designation.
SP-2 A satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.
SP-3 A speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
</TABLE>
DESCRIPTION OF FITCH INVESTORS SERVICE, INC.'S ("FITCH") INVESTMENT GRADE BOND
RATINGS
Fitch investment grade bond ratings provide a guide to investors in
determining the credit risk associated with a particular security. The rating
represents Fitch's assessment of the issuer's ability to meet the obligations
of a specific debt issue or class of debt in a timely manner.
The rating takes into consideration special features of the issue, its
relationship to other obligations of the issuer, the current and prospective
financial condition and operating performance of the issuer and any guarantor,
as well as the economic and political environment that might affect the
issuer's future financial strength and credit quality.
Fitch ratings do not reflect any credit enhancement that may be provided by
insurance policies or financial guarantees unless otherwise indicated.
Bonds that have the same rating are of similar but not necessarily identical
credit quality since the rating categories do not fully reflect small
differences in the degrees of credit risk.
Fitch ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell, or hold any security.
Ratings do not comment on the adequacy of market price, the suitability of any
security for a particular investor, or the tax-exempt nature or taxability of
payments made in respect of any security.
Fitch ratings are based on information obtained from issuers, other
obligors, underwriters, their experts, and other sources Fitch believes to be
reliable. Fitch does not audit or verify the truth or accuracy of such
information. Ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of
changes in, or the unavailability of, information or for other reasons.
AAA--Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit
quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and
repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable
events.
AA--Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality.
The obligor's ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong,
although not quite as strong as bonds rated "AAA." Because bonds rated in the
"AAA" and "AA" categories are not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable
future developments, short-term debt of these issuers is generally rated "F-
l+."
A--Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The
obligor's ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be
strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions
and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.
48
<PAGE>
BBB--Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory-credit
quality. The obligor's ability to pay interest and repay principal is
considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and
circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these bonds,
and therefore impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these
bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher
ratings.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): Plus and minus signs are used with a rating symbol to
indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Plus
and minus signs, however, are not used in the "AAA" category.
Credit Trend Indicator: Credit trend indicators show whether credit
fundamentals are improving, stable, declining or uncertain, as follows:
Improving up arrow
Stable left/right arrow
Declining down arrow
Uncertain up/down arrow
Credit trend indicators are not predictions that any rating change will
occur, and have a longer-term time frame than issues placed on FitchAlert.
NR indicates that Fitch does not rate the specific issue
Conditional: A conditional rating is premised on the successful completion
of a project or the occurrence of a specific event.
Suspended: A rating is suspended when Fitch deems the amount of information
available from the issuer to be inadequate for rating purpose.
Withdrawn: A rating will be withdrawn when an issue matures or is called or
refinanced and, at Fitch's discretion, when an issuer fails to furnish proper
and timely information.
FitchAlert: Ratings are placed on FitchAlert to notify investors of an
occurrence that is likely to result in a rating change and the likely
direction of such change. These are designated as "Positive" indicating a
potential upgrade, "Negative" for potential downgrade, or "Evolving" where
ratings may be raised or lowered. FitchAlert is relatively short-term, and
should be resolved within three to 12 months.
Ratings Outlook: An outlook is used to describe the most likely direction of
any rating change over the intermediate term. It is described as "Positive" or
"Negative." The absence of a designation indicates a stable outlook.
DESCRIPTION OF FITCH'S SPECULATIVE GRADE BOND RATINGS
Fitch speculative grade bond ratings provide a guide to investors in
determining the credit risk associated with a particular security. The ratings
("BB" to "C") represent Fitch's assessment of the likelihood of timely payment
of principal and interest in accordance with the terms of obligation for bond
issues not in default. For defaulted bonds, the rating ("DDD" to "D") is an
assessment of the ultimate recovery value through reorganization or
liquidation.
49
<PAGE>
The rating takes into consideration special features of the issue, its
relationship to other obligations of the issuer, the current and prospective
financial condition and operating performance of the issuer and any guarantor,
as well as the economic and political environment that might affect the
issuer's future financial strength.
Bonds that have the rating are of similar but not necessarily identical
credit quality since rating categories cannot fully reflect the differences in
degrees of credit risk.
BB--Bonds are considered speculative. The obligor's ability to pay interest
and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes.
However, business and financial alternatives can be identified which could
assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.
B--Bonds are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this class are
currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of continued
timely payment of principal and interest reflects the obligor's limited margin
of safety and the need for reasonable business and economic activity
throughout the life of the issue.
CCC--Bonds have certain identifiable characteristics which, if not remedied,
may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an advantageous
business and economic environment.
CC--Bonds are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or
principal seems probable over time.
C--Bonds are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.
DDD, DD, and D--Bonds are in default on interest and/or principal payments.
Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of
their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor.
"DDD" represents the highest potential for recovery on these bonds, and "D"
represents the lowest potential for recovery.
Plus (+) Minus (-) Plus and minus signs are used with a rating symbol to
indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Plus
and minus signs, however, are not used in the "DDD", "DD", or "D" categories.
DESCRIPTION OF FITCH'S SHORT-TERM RATINGS
Fitch's short-term ratings apply to debt obligations that are payable on
demand or have original maturities of up to three years, including commercial
paper, certificates of deposit, medium-term notes, and municipal and
investment notes.
The short-term rating places greater emphasis than a long-term rating on the
existence of liquidity necessary to meet the issuer's obligations in a timely
manner.
Fitch short-term ratings are as follows:
F-1+ Exceptionally Strong Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating are
regarded as having the strongest degree of assurance for timely
payment.
F-1 Very Strong Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating reflect an
assurance of timely payment only slightly less in degree than
issues rated "F-1+."
50
<PAGE>
F-2 Good Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have a
satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment, but the margin
of safety is not as great as for issues assigned "F-1+ " and "F- 1"
ratings.
F-3 Fair Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have
characteristics suggesting that the degree of assurance for timely
payment is adequate; however, near-term adverse changes could cause
these securities to be rated below investment grade.
F-S Weak Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have
characteristics suggesting a minimal degree of assurance for timely
payment and are vulnerable to near-term adverse changes in
financial and economic conditions.
D Default. Issues assigned this rating are in actual or imminent
payment default.
LOC The symbol "LOC" indicates that the rating is based on a letter of
credit issued by a commercial bank.
51
<PAGE>
APPENDIX II
TAXABLE EQUIVALENT YIELDS FOR 1997
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TAXABLE INCOME* A TAX-EXEMPT YIELD OF
- -------------------------------- 1997 FEDERAL --------------------------------------
SINGLE RETURN JOINT RETURN TAX BRACKET 5.00% 5.50% 6.00% 6.50% 7.00% 7.50%
- ------------- ----------------- ------------ ----- ----- ----- ------ ------ ------
IS EQUAL TO A TAXABLE YIELD OF
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 24,651-
$59,750 $ 41,201-$ 99,600 28.00% 6.94% 7.64% 8.33% 9.03% 9.72% 10.42%
$ 59,751-
$124,650 $ 99,601-$151,750 31.00% 7.25% 7.97% 8.70% 9.42% 10.14% 10.87%
$124,651-
$271,050 $151,751-$271,050 36.00% 7.81% 8.59% 9.38% 10.16% 10.94% 11.72%
Over
$271,050 Over $271,050 39.60% 8.28% 9.11% 9.93% 10.76% 11.59% 12.42%
</TABLE>
- --------
* An investor's marginal tax rates may exceed the rates shown in the above
table due to the reduction, or possible elimination, of the personal
exemption deduction for high-income taxpayers and an overall limit on
itemized deductions. Income also may be subject to certain state and local
taxes. For investors who pay alternative maximum tax, tax-exempt yields may
be equivalent to lower taxable yields than those shown above. The tax rates
shown above do not apply to corporate taxpayers. The tax characteristics of
the Fund are described more fully elsewhere in this Prospectus. Consult your
tax adviser for further details. This chart is for illustrative purposes
only and cannot be taken as an indication of anticipated Fund performance.
52
<PAGE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NO PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY
REPRESENTATIONS NOT CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS AND, IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH
INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN
AUTHORIZED. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFERING OF ANY SECURITIES
OTHER THAN THE REGISTERED SECURITIES TO WHICH IT RELATES OR AN OFFER TO ANY
PERSON IN ANY STATE OR JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES OR ANY COUNTRY WHERE
SUCH OFFER WOULD BE UNLAWFUL.
---------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Prospectus Summary......................................................... 3
Risk Factors and Special Considerations.................................... 7
Fee Table.................................................................. 9
The Fund................................................................... 10
Use of Proceeds............................................................ 10
Investment Objective and Policies.......................................... 10
Risks and Special Considerations of Leverage............................... 19
Investment Restrictions.................................................... 22
Directors and Officers..................................................... 24
Investment Advisory and Management Arrangements............................ 26
Portfolio Transactions..................................................... 28
Dividends and Distributions................................................ 29
Taxes...................................................................... 29
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan....................................... 33
Mutual Fund Investment Option.............................................. 35
Net Asset Value............................................................ 35
Description of Capital Stock............................................... 36
Custodian.................................................................. 39
Underwriting............................................................... 40
Transfer Agent, Dividend Disbursing Agent and Registrar.................... 41
Legal Opinions............................................................. 41
Experts.................................................................... 41
Independent Auditors' Report............................................... 42
Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Capital............................... 43
Appendix I................................................................. 44
Appendix II................................................................ 52
</TABLE>
---------------
UNTIL JULY , 1997 (90 DAYS AFTER THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE OFFERING), ALL
DEALERS EFFECTING TRANSACTIONS IN THE COMMON STOCK, WHETHER OR NOT PARTICIPAT-
ING IN THIS DISTRIBUTION, MAY BE REQUIRED TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS. THIS DELIV-
ERY REQUIREMENT IS IN ADDITION TO THE OBLIGATION OF DEALERS TO DELIVER A PRO-
SPECTUS WHEN ACTING AS UNDERWRITERS AND WITH RESPECT TO THEIR UNSOLD ALLOTMENTS
OR SUBSCRIPTIONS.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,700,000 SHARES
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
COMMON STOCK
---------------
PROSPECTUS
---------------
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
APRIL , 1997
CODE 19005-0497
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 24. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS.
(1) Financial Statements
Independent Auditors' Report
Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Capital as of , 1997
(2) Exhibits:
<TABLE>
<C> <S>
(a)(1) --Articles of Incorporation (a)
(a)(2) --Articles of Amendment and Restatement
(b) --By-Laws (a)
(c) --Not applicable
(d)(1) --Portions of the Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws of the
Registrant defining the rights of holders of shares of the
Registrant. (b)
(d)(2) --Form of specimen certificate for shares of Common Stock of the
Registrant.
(e) --Form of Dividend Reinvestment Plan
(f) --Not applicable
(g) --Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Fund and the
Investment Adviser
(h)(1) --Form of Purchase Agreement
(h)(2) --Merrill Lynch Standard Dealer Agreement
(i) --Not applicable
(j) --Custodian Contract between the Fund and *
(k) --Registrar, Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Fund
and *
(l) --Opinion and Consent of Brown & Wood LLP, counsel to the Fund and
the Underwriter*
(m) --Not applicable
(n) --Consent of , independent auditors for the Fund*
(o) --Not applicable
(p) --Certificate of Fund Asset Management, L.P.*
(q) --Not applicable
(r) --Financial Date Schedule*
</TABLE>
- --------
(a) Filed on March 3, 1997 as an Exhibit to the Registrant's Registration
Statement on Form N-2.
(b) Reference is made to Article V, Article VI (sections 2,3,4,5 and 6),
Article VII, Article VIII, Article X, Article XI, Article XII and Article
XIII of the Registrant's Articles of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit
(a)(1) to this Registration Statement; and to Article II, Article III
(sections 1,2,3,5 and 17), Article VI, Article VII, Article XII, Article
XIII and Article XIV of the Registrant's By-Laws, filed as Exhibit (b) to
this Registration Statement.
*To be filed by amendment.
ITEM 25. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS.
See Exhibit (h).
C-1
<PAGE>
ITEM 26. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be incurred in
connection with the offering described in this Registration Statement:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Registration fees.................................................. $ *
Stock Exchange listing fee......................................... *
Printing (other than stock certificates)........................... *
Engraving and printing stock certificates.......................... *
Fees and expense of qualifications under state securities laws..... *
Legal fees and expenses............................................ *
Accounting fees and expenses....................................... *
NASD fees.......................................................... *
Miscellaneous...................................................... *
---------
Total............................................................ $ *
=========
</TABLE>
- --------
* To be provided by amendment.
ITEM 27. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT.
The information in the Prospectus under the caption "Investment Advisory and
Management Arrangements" and in Note 1 to the Statement of Assets, Liabilities
and Capital is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 28. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES.
There will be one record holder of the Common Stock, par value $0.10 per
share, as of the effective date of this Registration Statement.
ITEM 29. INDEMNIFICATION.
Section 2418 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Maryland,
Article VI of the Registrant's Articles of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit
(a)(1) to this Registration Statement, Article VI of the Registrant's By-Laws,
filed as Exhibit (b) to this Registration Statement, and the Investment
Advisory Agreement, a form of which will be filed as Exhibit (g)(1) to this
Registration Statement, provide for indemnification.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act") may be provided to directors, officers
and controlling persons of the Fund, pursuant to the foregoing provisions or
otherwise, the Fund has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and
Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a
claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by
the Fund of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
person of the Fund in connection with any successful defense of any action,
suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling
person in connection with the securities being registered, the Fund will,
unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by
controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the
question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as
expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such
issue.
Reference is made to Section Six of the Purchase Agreement, a form of which
will be filed as Exhibit (h)(1) hereto, for provisions relating to the
indemnification of the underwriter.
C-2
<PAGE>
ITEM 30. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF THE INVESTMENT ADVISER.
Fund Asset Management, L.P. (the "Investment Adviser") acts as investment
adviser for the following open-end investment companies: CBA Money Fund, CMA
Government Securities Fund, CMA Money Fund, CMA Multi-State Municipal Series
Trust, CMA Tax-Exempt Fund, CMA Treasury Fund, The Corporate Fund Accumulation
Program, Inc., Financial Institutions Series Trust, Merrill Lynch Basic Value
Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch California Municipal Series Trust, Merrill Lynch
Corporate Bond Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Emerging Tigers Fund, Inc., Merrill
Lynch Federal Securities Trust, Merrill Lynch Funds for Institutions Series,
Merrill Lynch Multi-State Limited Maturity Municipal Series Trust, Merrill
Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust, Merrill Lynch Municipal Bond Fund,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Phoenix Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Special Value Fund,
Inc., Merrill Lynch World Income Fund, Inc., and The Municipal Fund
Accumulation Program, Inc., and for the following closed-end investment
companies: Apex Municipal Fund, Inc., Corporate High Yield Fund, Inc.,
Corporate High Yield Fund II, Inc., Income Opportunities Fund 1999, Inc.,
Income Opportunities Fund 2000, Inc., Merrill Lynch Municipal Strategy Fund,
Inc., MuniAssets Fund, Inc., MuniEnhanced Fund, Inc., MuniInsured Fund, Inc.,
MuniVest Florida Fund, MuniVest Fund, Inc., MuniVest Fund II, Inc., MuniVest
Michigan Insured Fund, Inc., MuniVest New Jersey Fund, Inc., MuniVest
Pennsylvania Insured Fund, MuniYield Arizona Fund, Inc., MuniYield California
Fund, Inc., MuniYield California Insured Fund, Inc., MuniYield California
Insured Fund II, Inc., MuniYield Florida Fund, MuniYield Florida Insured Fund,
MuniYield Fund, Inc., MuniYield Insured Fund, Inc., MuniYield Michigan Fund,
Inc., MuniYield Michigan Insured Fund, Inc., MuniYield New Jersey Fund, Inc.,
MuniYield New Jersey Insured Fund, Inc., MuniYield New York Insured Fund,
Inc., MuniYield New York Insured Fund II, Inc., MuniYield Pennsylvania Fund,
MuniYield Quality Fund, Inc., MuniYield Quality Fund II, Inc., Senior High
Income Portfolio, Inc., Taurus MuniCalifornia Holdings, Inc., Taurus
MuniNewYork Holdings, Inc. and Worldwide DollarVest Fund, Inc.
Merrill Lynch Asset Management, L.P. ("MLAM"), an affiliate of the
Investment Adviser, acts as the investment adviser for the following open-end
investment companies: Merrill Lynch Adjustable Rate Securities Fund, Inc.,
Merrill Lynch Americas Income Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Asset Builder Program,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Asset Growth Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Asset Income Fund,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Capital Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Developing Capital
Markets Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Dragon Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch EuroFund,
Merrill Lynch Fundamental Growth Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Fund For Tomorrow,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Global Bond Fund for Investment and Retirement, Merrill
Lynch Global Allocation Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Global Convertible Fund,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Global Holdings, Merrill Lynch Global Resources Trust,
Merrill Lynch Global SmallCap Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Global Utility Fund,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Global Value Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Government Bond
Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Growth Fund, Merrill Lynch Healthcare Fund, Inc.,
Merrill Lynch International Equity Fund, Merrill Lynch Latin America Fund,
Inc., Merrill Lynch Middle East/Africa Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Municipal
Series Trust, Merrill Lynch Pacific Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Ready Assets
Trust, Merrill Lynch Retirement Series Trust, Merrill Lynch Series Fund, Inc.,
Merrill Lynch Short-Term Global Income Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch Strategic
Dividend Fund, Merrill Lynch Technology Fund, Inc., Merrill Lynch U.S.
Treasury Money Fund, Merrill Lynch U.S.A Government Reserves, Merrill Lynch
Utility Income Fund, Inc. and Merrill Lynch Variable Series Funds, Inc.; and
for the following closed-end investment companies: Convertible Holdings, Inc.,
Merrill Lynch High Income Municipal Bond Fund, Inc. and Merrill Lynch Senior
Floating Rate Fund, Inc.
The address of each of these investment companies is P.O. Box 9011,
Princeton, New Jersey 08543-9011, except that the address of Merrill Lynch
Funds for Institutions Series and Merrill Lynch Institutional Tax-Exempt Fund
is One Financial Center, 15th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02111-2646. The
address of the Investment Adviser, MLAM, Merrill Lynch Funds Distributor, Inc.
(the "Distributor"), Princeton Services, Inc. ("Princeton Services") and
Princeton Administrators, L.P. also is P.O. Box 9011, Princeton, New Jersey
08543-9011. The address of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
("Merrill Lynch") and Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ("ML & Co.") is North Tower,
World Financial Center, 250 Vesey Street, New York, New York 10281-1213.
Set forth below is a list of each executive officer and partner of the
Investment Adviser indicating each business, profession, vocation or
employment of a substantial nature in which each such person or entity has
C-3
<PAGE>
been engaged for the past two years for his or her or its own account or in
the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee. In addition,
Mr. Zeikel is President, Mr. Richard is Treasurer and Mr. Glenn is Executive
Vice President of all or substantially all of the investment companies
described in the preceding paragraphs and also hold the same positions with
all or substantially all of the investment companies advised by MLAM as they
do with those advised by the Investment Adviser. Messrs. Giordano, Harvey,
Kirstein and Monagle are directors or officers of one or more of such
companies.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS,
POSITIONS WITH PROFESSION,
NAME INVESTMENT ADVISER VOCATION OR EMPLOYMENT
---- ------------------ ---------------------------
<C> <C> <S>
ML & Co.............. Limited Partner Financial Services Holding
Company; Limited Partner of FAM
Princeton Services... General Partner General Partner of MLAM
Arthur Zeikel........ President President and Director of MLAM;
President and Director of
Princeton Services; Director of
MLFDS; Executive Vice President
of ML & Co.
Terry K. Glenn....... Executive Vice President Executive Vice President of
MLAM; Executive Vice President
and Director of Princeton
Services; President and
Director of MLFDS; President of
Princeton Administrators, L.P.
Vincent R. Giordano.. Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
Elizabeth Griffin.... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
Norman R. Harvey..... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
Philip L. Kirstein... Senior Vice President, Senior Vice President, General
General Counsel and Counsel and Secretary of MLAM;
Secretary Senior Vice President, General
Counsel Director and Secretary
of Princeton Services; Director
of MLFD
Ronald M. Kloss...... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President and
and Controller Controller of MLAM; Senior Vice
President and Controller of
Princeton Services
Stephen M. M. Miller. Senior Vice President Executive Vice President of
Princeton Administrators, L.P.;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
Joseph T. Monagle.... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
Michael L. Quinn..... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services; Managing
Director and First Vice
President of Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated from 1989 to 1995
Gerald M. Richard.... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President and
and Treasurer Treasurer of MLAM; Senior Vice
President and Treasurer of
Princeton Services; Vice
President and Treasurer of MLFD
Ronald L. Welburn.... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
Anthony Wiseman...... Senior Vice President Senior Vice President of MLAM;
Senior Vice President of
Princeton Services
</TABLE>
ITEM 31. LOCATION OF ACCOUNT AND RECORDS.
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section
31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules
promulgated thereunder are maintained at the offices of the registrant (800
Scudders Mill Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536), its investment adviser (800
Scudders Mill Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536), and its custodian and
transfer agent.
ITEM 32. MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
Not applicable.
ITEM 33. UNDERTAKINGS.
(a) Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of the shares of Common
Stock covered hereby until it amends its Prospectus contained herein if (1)
subsequent to the effective date of this Registration Statement, its net asset
value per share of Common Stock declines more than 10 percent from its net
asset value per share of
C-4
<PAGE>
Common Stock as of the effective date of this Registration Statement, or (2)
its net asset value per share of Common Stock increases to an amount greater
than its net proceeds as stated in the Prospectus contained herein.
(b) Registrant undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the 1933 Act, the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form
of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 497(h) under the
1933 Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of
the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933 Act, each
post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed
to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
C-5
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, THE REGISTRANT HAS DULY CAUSED THIS
REGISTRATION STATEMENT TO BE SIGNED ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED,
THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED, IN THE TOWNSHIP OF PLAINSBORO, AND STATE OF NEW
JERSEY, ON THE 2ND DAY OF APRIL 1997.
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
(Registrant)
/s/ Alice A. Pellegrino
By___________________________
(ALICE A. PELLEGRINO, TREASURER)
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, THIS
REGISTRATION STATEMENT HAS BEEN SIGNED BELOW BY THE FOLLOWING PERSON IN THE
CAPACITIES AND ON THE DATE INDICATED.
SIGNATURES TITLE DATE
Philip L. Kirstein* President (Principal
- ------------------------------------- Executive Officer)
(PHILIP L. KIRSTEIN) and Director
/s/ Alice A. Pellegrino Treasurer (Principal April 2, 1997
- ------------------------------------- Financial
(ALICE A. PELLEGRINO) and Accounting
Officer)
and Director
Jerry Weiss* Secretary and
- ------------------------------------- Director
(JERRY WEISS)
/s/ Alice A. Pellegrino April 2, 1997
*By ____________________________
(ALICE A. PELLEGRINO, ATTORNEY-IN-
FACT)
C-6
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER
-------
<C> <S> <C>
(a)(2) --Articles of Amendment and Restatement.
--Form of specimen certificate for shares of Common Stock of the
(d)(2) Registrant.
(e) --Form of Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
--Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Fund and the
(g) Investment Adviser.
(h)(1) --Form of Purchase Agreement.
(h)(2) --Merrill Lynch Standard Dealer Agreement.
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT (a)(2)
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Corporation"), does
hereby certify to the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland
that:
FIRST: The name of the Corporation is MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. The
Corporation desires to amend and restate its Charter as currently in effect.
The original Articles of Incorporation were filed with the Maryland State
Department of Assessments and Taxation on February 27, 1997.
SECOND: Pursuant to Section 2-609 of the Maryland General Corporation
Law, these Articles of Amendment and Restatement restate and integrate and
further amend the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation of the
Corporation.
THIRD: The text of the Charter of the Corporation as heretofore amended
or supplemented is hereby restated and further amended to read in its entirety
as follows:
<PAGE>
AMENDED AND RESTATED
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
ARTICLE I
NAME
----
The name of the corporation is MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC. (the "Corporation").
ARTICLE II
PURPOSES AND POWERS
-------------------
The purpose or purposes for which the Corporation is formed is to act as a
closed-end, management investment company under the federal Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended, and in effect from time to time (the "Investment
Company Act"), and to exercise and enjoy all of the powers, rights and
privileges granted to, or conferred upon, corporations by the General Laws of
the State of Maryland now or hereafter in force.
ARTICLE III
PRINCIPAL OFFICE AND RESIDENT AGENT
-----------------------------------
The post-office address of the principal office of the Corporation in the
State of Maryland is c/o The Corporation Trust Incorporated, 32 South Street,
Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The name of the resident agent of the Corporation in
this State is
2
<PAGE>
The Corporation Trust Incorporated, a corporation of this State, and the post-
office address of the resident agent is The Corporation Trust Incorporated, 32
South Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202.
ARTICLE IV
CAPITAL STOCK
-------------
(1) The total number of shares of capital stock which the Corporation shall
have authority to issue is 200,000,000 shares, all initially classified as one
class called Common Stock, of the par value of Ten Cents ($0.10) per share, and
of the aggregate par value of Twenty Million Dollars ($20,000,000).
(2) The Board of Directors may classify and reclassify any unissued shares
of capital stock into one or more additional or other classes or series as may
be established from time to time by setting or changing in any one or more
respects the designations, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting
powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications or terms or
conditions of redemption of such shares of stock and pursuant to such
classification or reclassification to increase or decrease the number of
authorized shares of any existing class or series provided, however, that the
total amount of shares of all classes or series shall not exceed the total
number of shares of capital stock authorized in the Charter.
(3) Unless otherwise expressly provided in the Charter of the Corporation,
including any Articles Supplementary creating any class or series of capital
stock, the holders of each class
3
<PAGE>
or series of capital stock shall be entitled to dividends and distributions in
such amounts and at such times as may be determined by the Board of Directors,
and the dividends and distributions paid with respect to the various classes or
series of capital stock may vary among such classes and series.
(4) Unless otherwise expressly provided in the Charter of the Corporation,
including any Articles Supplementary creating any class or series of capital
stock, on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders, each holder of a
share of capital stock of the Corporation shall be entitled to one vote for each
share standing in such holder's name on the books of the Corporation,
irrespective of the class or series thereof, and all shares of all classes and
series shall vote together as a single class; provided, however, that as to any
matter with respect to which a separate vote of any class or series is required
by the Investment Company Act, or any rules, regulations or orders issued
thereunder, or by the Maryland General Corporation Law, such requirement as to a
separate vote by that class or series shall apply in lieu of a general vote of
all classes and series as described above.
(5) Notwithstanding any provision of the Maryland General Corporation Law
requiring a greater proportion than a majority of the votes of all classes or
series of capital stock of the Corporation (or of any class or series entitled
to vote thereon as a separate class or series) to take or authorize any action,
the Corporation is hereby authorized (subject to the requirements
4
<PAGE>
of the Investment Company Act, and any rules, regulations and orders issued
thereunder) to take such action upon the concurrence of a majority of the votes
entitled to be cast by holders of capital stock of the Corporation (or a
majority of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of a class or series as a
separate class or series) unless a greater proportion is specified in the
Charter.
(6) Unless otherwise expressly provided in the Charter of the Corporation,
including any Articles Supplementary creating any class or series of capital
stock, in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of each class or
series of capital stock of the Corporation shall be entitled, after payment or
provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation, to
share ratably in the remaining net assets of the Corporation.
(7) Any fractional shares shall carry proportionately all of the rights of
a whole share, excepting any right to receive a certificate evidencing such
fractional share, but including, without limitation, the right to vote and the
right to receive dividends.
(8) The presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares entitled to
cast one-third of the votes entitled to be cast shall constitute a quorum at any
meeting of stockholders, except with respect to any matter which requires
approval by a separate vote of one or more classes or series of stock, in which
5
<PAGE>
case the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares entitled to
cast one-third of the votes entitled to be cast by each class or series entitled
to vote as a separate class shall constitute a quorum.
(9) All persons who shall acquire stock in the Corporation shall acquire
the same subject to the provisions of the Charter and the By-Laws of the
Corporation. As used in the Charter of the Corporation, the terms "Charter" and
"Articles of Incorporation" shall mean and include the Articles of Incorporation
of the Corporation as amended, supplemented and restated from time to time by
Articles of Amendment, Articles Supplementary, Articles of Restatement or
otherwise.
ARTICLE V
PROVISIONS FOR DEFINING, LIMITING AND
REGULATING CERTAIN POWERS OF THE CORPORATION
AND OF THE DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS
-------------------------------------------------------
(1) The initial number of directors of the Corporation shall be three (3),
which number may be increased or decreased pursuant to the By-Laws of the
Corporation but shall never be less than the minimum number permitted by the
General Laws of the State of Maryland. The names of the directors who shall act
until the first annual meeting or until their successors are duly elected and
qualify are:
Philip L. Kirstein
Jerry Weiss
Alice Pellegrino
(2) The Board of Directors of the Corporation is hereby empowered to
authorize the issuance from time to time of shares
6
<PAGE>
of capital stock of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized,
for such consideration as the Board of Directors may deem advisable, without any
action by the stockholders, subject to such limitations as may be set forth in
these Articles of Incorporation or in the By-Laws of the Corporation or in the
General Laws of the State of Maryland.
(3) No holder of stock of the Corporation shall, as such holder, have any
right to purchase or subscribe for any shares of the capital stock of the
Corporation or any other security of the Corporation which it may issue or sell
(whether out of the number of shares authorized by these Articles of
Incorporation, or out of any shares of the capital stock of the Corporation
acquired by it after the issue thereof, or otherwise) other than such right, if
any, as the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may determine.
(4) Each director and each officer of the Corporation shall be indemnified
and advanced expenses by the Corporation to the full extent permitted by the
General Laws of the State of Maryland now or hereafter in force, including the
advance of expenses under the procedures and to the full extent permitted by law
subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act. The foregoing rights
of indemnification shall not be exclusive of any other rights to which those
seeking indemnification may be entitled. No amendment of these Articles of
Incorporation or repeal of any provision hereof shall limit or eliminate the
benefits provided to directors and officers under this provision
7
<PAGE>
in connection with any act or omission that occurred prior to such amendment or
repeal.
(5) To the fullest extent permitted by the General Laws of the State of
Maryland or decisional law, as amended or interpreted, subject to the
requirements of the Investment Company Act, no director or officer of the
Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its security
holders for money damages. No amendment of these Articles of Incorporation or
repeal of any provision hereof shall limit or eliminate the benefits provided to
directors and officers under this provision in connection with any act or
omission that occurred prior to such amendment or repeal.
(6) The Board of Directors of the Corporation is vested with the sole
power, to the exclusion of the stockholders, to make, alter or repeal from time
to time any of the By-Laws of the Corporation except any particular By-Law which
is specified as not subject to alteration or repeal by the Board of Directors,
subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act.
(7) A director elected by the holders of capital stock may be removed (with
or without cause), but only by action taken by the holders of at least sixty-six
and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the shares of capital stock then entitled to
vote in an election to fill that directorship.
(8) The enumeration and definition of the particular powers of the Board of
Directors included in the Charter shall in no way be limited or restricted by
reference to or inference from the
8
<PAGE>
terms of any other clause of this or any other Article of the Charter of the
Corporation, or construed as or deemed by inference or otherwise in any manner
to exclude or limit any powers conferred upon the Board of Directors under the
General Laws of the State of Maryland now or hereinafter in force.
ARTICLE VI
DENIAL OF PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS
---------------------------
No stockholder of the Corporation shall by reason of his holding shares of
capital stock have any preemptive or preferential right to purchase or subscribe
to any shares of capital stock of the Corporation, now or hereafter to be
authorized, or any notes, debentures, bonds or other securities convertible into
shares of capital stock, now or hereafter to be authorized, whether or not the
issuance of any such shares, or notes, debentures, bonds or other securities
would adversely affect the dividend or voting rights of such stockholder; except
that the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may issue shares of any class of
the Corporation, or any notes, debentures, bonds, other securities convertible
into shares of any class, either in whole or in part, to the existing
stockholders or holders of any class, series or type of stock or other
securities at the time outstanding to the exclusion of any or all of the holders
of any or all of the classes, series or types of stock or other securities at
the time outstanding.
9
<PAGE>
ARTICLE VII
DETERMINATION BINDING
---------------------
Any determination made in good faith and consistent with applicable law, so
far as accounting matters are involved, in accordance with accepted accounting
practice by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Directors, as to the
amount of assets, obligations or liabilities of the Corporation, as to the
amount of net income of the Corporation from dividends and interest for any
period or amounts at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, as
to the amount of any reserves or charges set up and the propriety thereof, as to
the time of or purpose for creating reserves or as to the use, alteration or
cancellation of any reserves or charges (whether or not any obligation or
liability for which such reserves or as to the use, alteration or cancellation
of any reserves or charges shall have been created, shall have been paid or
discharged or shall be then or thereafter required to be paid or discharged), as
to the price of any security owned by the Corporation or as to any other matters
relating to the issuance, sale, redemption or other acquisition or disposition
of securities or shares of capital stock of the Corporation, and any reasonable
determination made in good faith by the Board of Directors as to whether any
transaction constitutes a purchase of securities on "margin," a sale of
securities "short," or an underwriting or the sale of, or a participation in any
underwriting or selling group in connection with the public distribution of, any
securities, shall
10
<PAGE>
be final and conclusive, and shall be binding upon the Corporation and all
holders of its capital stock, past, present and future, and shares of the
capital stock of the Corporation are issued and sold on the condition and
understanding, evidenced by the purchase of shares of capital stock or
acceptance of share certificates, that any and all such determinations shall be
binding as aforesaid. No provision in this Charter shall be effective to (a)
require a waiver of compliance with any provision of the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, or the Investment Company Act, or of any valid rule, regulation or
order of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder or (b) protect or
purport to protect any director or officer of the Corporation against any
liability to the Corporation or its security holders to which he would otherwise
be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or
reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
ARTICLE VIII
PRIVATE PROPERTY OF STOCKHOLDERS
--------------------------------
The private property of stockholders shall not be subject to the payment of
corporate debts to any extent whatsoever.
ARTICLE IX
CONVERSION TO OPEN-END COMPANY
------------------------------
Notwithstanding any other provisions of these Articles of Incorporation or
the By-Laws of the Corporation, a favorable vote of the holders of at least
sixty-six and two-thirds percent
11
<PAGE>
(66 2/3%) of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled
to be voted on the matter shall be required to approve, adopt or authorize an
amendment to these Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation that makes the
Common Stock a "redeemable security" (as that term is defined in section 2(a)
(32) the Investment Company Act) unless such action has previously been
approved, adopted or authorized by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds
of the total number of directors fixed in accordance with the By-Laws of the
Corporation, in which case the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of
the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote
thereon shall be required.
ARTICLE X
MERGER, SALE OF ASSETS, LIQUIDATION
-----------------------------------
Notwithstanding any other provisions of these Articles of Incorporation or
the By-Laws of the Corporation, a favorable vote of the holders of at least
sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the outstanding shares of capital
stock of the Corporation entitled to be voted on the matter shall be required to
approve, adopt or authorize (i) a merger or consolidation or statutory share
exchange of the Corporation with any other corporation, (ii) a sale of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Corporation (other than in the regular
course of its investment activities), or (iii) a liquidation or dissolution of
the Corporation, unless such action has previously been approved, adopted or
authorized by the affirmative vote of at
12
<PAGE>
least two-thirds of the total number of directors fixed in accordance with the
By-Laws of the Corporation, in which case the affirmative vote of the holders of
a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation
entitled to vote thereon shall be required.
ARTICLE XI
PERPETUAL EXISTENCE
-------------------
The duration of the Corporation shall be perpetual.
ARTICLE XII
AMENDMENT
---------
The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any
provision contained in its Charter, in any manner now or hereafter prescribed by
statute, including any amendment which alters the contract rights, as expressly
set forth in the Charter, of any outstanding stock and substantially adversely
affects the stockholders' rights, and all rights conferred upon stockholders
herein are granted subject to this reservation. Notwithstanding any other
provisions of these Articles of Incorporation or the By-Laws of the Corporation
(and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law,
these Articles of Incorporation or the By-Laws of the Corporation), the
amendment or repeal of Section (5) of Article IV, Section (1), Section (4),
Section (5), Section (6) and Section (7) of Article V, Article VIII, Article IX,
Article X, Article XI or this Article XII, of these Articles of Incorporation
shall require the affirmative vote of the holders
13
<PAGE>
of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the outstanding shares
of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to be voted on the matter.
14
<PAGE>
FOURTH: The authorized capital stock of the Corporation has not been
increased by these Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation.
FIFTH: These Articles of Amendment and Restatement have been approved by
a majority of the entire Board of Directors of the Corporation, there being no
stock outstanding or subscribed for at the time of approval.
SIXTH: The current address of the principal office of the Corporation in
the State of Maryland is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment
and restatement of the charter. The name and address of the Corporation's
current resident agent is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment
and restatement of the charter. The number of directors of the Corporation and
the names of those currently in office are as set forth in Article V of the
foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SEVENTH: These Articles of Amendment and Restatement shall be effective on
the date of acceptance for record by the Maryland State Department of
Assessments and Taxation.
15
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC. has caused these presents to be
signed in its name and on its behalf by its Executive Vice President and
witnessed by its Assistant Secretary as of the 3rd day of April, 1997.
WITNESS: MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
(a Maryland corporation)
/s/ Alice A. Pellegrino By: /s/ Philip L. Kirstein
- ---------------------------- ------------------------------
Alice A. Pellegrino Philip L. Kirstein
Treasurer President
16
<PAGE>
THE UNDERSIGNED, President of MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC., a Maryland
corporation, who executed on behalf of the Corporation the foregoing Articles of
Amendment and Restatement of which this certificate is made a part, hereby
acknowledges in the name and on behalf of the Corporation the foregoing Articles
of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and
hereby certifies that to the best of his knowledge, information and belief the
matters and facts set forth therein with respect to the authorization and
approval thereof are true in all material respects under the penalties of
perjury.
/s/ Philip L. Kirstein
------------------------------
Philip L. Kirstein
President
17
<PAGE>
Exhibit (d)(2)
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND
COMMON STOCK CUSIP
PAR VALUE $.10 See Reverse For Certain
Definitions
This certifies that
is the owner of
FULLY PAID AND NON-ASSESSABLE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK OF
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc., transferable on the books of the Corporation by the
holder in person or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this
Certificate properly endorsed. This Certificate and the shares represented
hereby are issued and shall be held subject to all of the provisions of the
Amend and Restated Articles of Incorporation and of the By-Laws of the
Corporation, and of all of the amendments from time to time made thereto. This
Certificate is not valid unless countersigned and registered by the Transfer
Agent and Registrar.
WITNESS the facsimile seal of the Corporation and the facsimile
signatures of its duly authorized officers.
Dated:
Secretary President
Countersigned and Registered:
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
By:
Transfer Agent and Registrar
<PAGE>
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
A full statement of the designations and any preferences, conversion and
other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends,
qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of the shares of each
class and series of stock which the Corporation is authorized to issue and the
differences in the relative rights and preferences between the shares of each
class and series to the extent that they have been set, and the authority of the
Board of Directors to set the relative rights and preferences of subsequent
classes and series, will be furnished by the Corporation to any stockholder,
without charge, upon request to the Secretary of the Corporation at its
principal office.
The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this
Certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full
according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM--as tenants in common UNIF GIFT MIN ACT--
_______Custodian_______
(Cust) (Minor)
TEN ENT--as tenants by the entireties under Uniform Gifts to
Minors Act____________
JT TEN--as joint tenants with right (State)
of survivorship and not as
tenants in common
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.
For value received.................hereby sell, assign and transfer
unto
PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER
IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE
- -------------------------------------------
| |
- -------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Please Print or Typewrite Name and Address, Including Zip Code, of
Assignee)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
represented by the within Certificate, and do hereby irrevocably
constitute and appoint
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Attorney to transfer the said shares on the books of the within-named
Corporation with full power of substitution in the premises.
Dated:
----------------------
---------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
NOTICE: The Signature to this assignment must correspond
with the name as written upon the face of the
Certificate, in every particular, without
alteration or enlargement, or any change whatever.
-------------------------------------------------------------
| Signatures must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor |
| institution" as such term is defined in Rule 17Ad-15 |
| under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
-------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
Exhibit (e)
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF
AUTOMATIC DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
1. Appointment of Agent. You, _____________, will act as Agent for me,
--------------------
and will open an account for me under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the
"Plan") in the same name as my present shares of common stock, par value $.10
per share ("Common Shares"), of MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC. (the "Fund") are
registered, and automatically will put into effect for me the dividend
reinvestment option of the Plan as of the first record date for a dividend or
capital gains distribution (collectively referred to herein as a "dividend"),
payable at the election of shareholders in cash or shares of Common Shares.
2. Dividends Payable in Common Shares. My participation in the Plan
----------------------------------
constitutes an election by me to receive dividends in shares of Common Shares
whenever the Fund declares a dividend. In such event, the dividend amount
automatically shall be made payable to me entirely in shares of Common Shares
which shall be acquired by the Agent for my account, depending upon the
circumstances described in paragraph 3, either (i) through receipt of additional
shares of unissued but authorized Common Shares from the Fund ("newly-issued
shares") as described in paragraph 6 or (ii) by purchase of outstanding Common
Shares on the open market ("open-market purchases") as described in paragraph 7.
3. Determination of Whether Newly-Issued Shares or OpenMarket Purchases.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
If on the payment date for the dividend (the "valuation date"), the net asset
value per share of the Common Shares, as defined in paragraph 8, is equal to or
less than the market price per share of the Common Shares, as defined in
paragraph 8, plus estimated brokerage commissions (such condition being referred
to herein as "market premium"), the Agent shall invest the dividend amount in
newly-issued shares on my behalf as described in paragraph 6. If on the
valuation date, the net asset value per share is greater than the market value
(such condition being referred to herein as "market discount"), the Agent shall
invest the dividend amount in shares acquired on my behalf in open-market
purchases as described in paragraph 7.
4. Purchase Period for Open-Market Purchases. In the event of a market
-----------------------------------------
discount on the valuation date, the Agent shall have until the last business day
before the next ex-dividend date with respect to the Common Shares or in no
event more than 30 days after the valuation date (the "last purchase date") to
invest the dividend amount in shares acquired in open-market purchases except
where temporary curtailment or suspension of purchases is necessary to comply
with applicable provisions of Federal securities laws.
<PAGE>
5. Failure to Complete Open-Market Purchases During Purchase Period. If
----------------------------------------------------------------
the Agent is unable to invest the full dividend amount in open-market purchases
during the purchase period because the market discount has shifted to a market
premium or otherwise, the Agent will invest the uninvested portion of the
dividend amount in newly-issued shares at the close of business on the last
purchase date as described in paragraph 4; except that the Agent may not acquire
newly-issued shares after the valuation date under the foregoing circumstances
unless it has received a legal opinion that registration of such shares is not
required under the Securities Act of 1933 or unless the shares to be issued are
registered under such Act.
6. Acquisition of Newly-Issued Shares. In the event that all or part of
----------------------------------
the dividend amount is to be invested in newly-issued shares, you automatically
shall receive such newly-issued Common Shares, including fractions, for my
account, and the number of additional newly-issued Common Shares to be credited
to my account shall be determined by dividing the dollar amount of the dividend
on my shares to be invested in newly-issued shares by the net asset value per
share of Common Shares on the date the shares are issued (the valuation date in
the case of an initial market premium or the last purchase date in case the
Agent is unable to complete open-market purchases during the purchase period);
provided, that the maximum discount from the then current market price per share
on the date of issuance shall not exceed 5%.
7. Manner of Making Open-Market Purchases. In the event that the
--------------------------------------
dividend amount is to be invested in Common Shares acquired in open-market
purchases, you shall apply the amount of such dividend on my shares (less my pro
rata share of brokerage commissions incurred with respect to your open-market
purchases) to the purchase on the open-market of the Common Shares for my
account. Open-market purchases may be made on any securities exchange where the
Common Shares are traded, in the over-the-counter market or in negotiated
transactions and may be on such terms as to price, delivery and otherwise as you
shall determine. My funds held by you uninvested will not bear interest, and it
is understood that, in any event, you shall have no liability in connection with
any inability to purchase shares within 30 days after the initial date of such
purchase as herein provided, or with the timing of any purchases affected. You
shall have no responsibility as to the value of the Common Shares acquired for
my account. For the purposes of cash investments you may commingle my funds with
those of other shareholders of the Fund for whom you similarly act as Agent, and
the average price (including brokerage commissions) of all shares purchased by
you as Agent in the open market shall be the price per share allocable to me in
connection with open-market purchases.
2
<PAGE>
8. Meaning of Market Price and Net Asset Value. For all purposes of the
-------------------------------------------
Plan: (a) the market price of the Common Shares on a particular date shall be
the last sales price on the American Stock Exchange (the "Exchange") on that
date, or, if there is no sale on the Exchange on that date, the mean between the
closing bid and asked quotations for such shares on the Exchange on such date;
and (b) net asset value per share of the Common Shares on a particular date
shall be as determined by or on behalf of the Fund.
9. Registration of Shares Acquired Pursuant to the Plan. You may hold my
----------------------------------------------------
Common Shares acquired pursuant to the Plan, together with the shares of other
shareholders of the Fund acquired pursuant to the Plan, in noncertificated form
in your name or that of your nominee. You will forward to me any proxy
solicitation materials and will vote any shares so held for me only in
accordance with the proxy returned by me to the Fund. Upon my written request,
you will deliver to me, without charge, a certificate or certificates for the
full shares held by you for my account.
10. Confirmations. You will confirm to me each acquisition made for
-------------
my account as soon as practicable but not later than 60 days after the date
thereof.
11. Fractional Interests. Although from time to time I may have an
--------------------
undivided fractional interest (computed to three decimal places) in a share of
the Fund, no certificates for a fractional share will be issued. However,
dividends and distributions on fractional shares will be credited to my account.
In the event of termination of my account under the Plan, you will adjust for
any such undivided fractional interest in cash at the market value of the Fund's
shares at the time of termination less the pro rata expense of any sale required
to make such an adjustment.
12. Share Dividends or Share Purchase Rights. Any share dividends or
----------------------------------------
split shares distributed by the Fund on shares held by you for me will be
credited to my account. In the event that the Fund makes available to its
shareholders rights to purchase additional shares or other securities, the
shares held for me under the Plan will be added to other shares held by me in
calculating the number of rights to be issued to me.
13. Service Fee. Your service fee for handling capital gains
-----------
distributions or income dividends will be paid by the Fund. I will be charged
for my pro rata share of brokerage commissions on all open-market purchases.
14. Termination of Account. I may terminate my account under the Plan by
----------------------
notifying you in writing. Such termination will be effective immediately if my
notice is received by you not less than ten days prior to any dividend or
distribution record
3
<PAGE>
date; otherwise such termination will be effective on the first trading day
after the payment date for such dividend or distribution with respect to any
subsequent dividend or distribution. The Plan may be terminated by you or the
Fund upon notice in writing mailed to me at least 90 days prior to any record
date for the payment of any dividend or distribution by the Fund. Upon any
termination you will cause a certificate or certificates for the full shares
held for me under the Plan and cash adjustment for any fraction to be delivered
to me without charge. If I elect by notice to you in writing in advance of such
termination to have you sell part or all of my shares and remit the proceeds to
me, you are authorized to deduct brokerage commissions for this transaction from
the proceeds.
15. Amendment of Plan. These terms and conditions may be amended or
-----------------
supplemented by you or the Fund at any time or times but, except when necessary
or appropriate to comply with applicable law or the rules or policies of the
Securities and Exchange Commission or any other regulatory authority, only by
mailing to me appropriate written notice at least 90 days prior to the effective
date thereof. The amendment or supplement shall be deemed to be accepted by me
unless, prior to the effective date thereof, you receive written notice of the
termination of my account under the Plan. Any such amendment may include an
appointment by you in your place and stead of a successor Agent under these
terms and conditions, with full power and authority to perform all or any of the
acts to be performed by the Agent under these terms and conditions. Upon any
such appointment of an Agent for the purpose of receiving dividends and
distributions, the Fund will be authorized to pay to such successor Agent, for
my account, all dividends and distributions payable on Common Shares of the Fund
held in my name or under the Plan for retention or application by such successor
Agent as provided in these terms and conditions.
16. Extent of Responsibility of Agent. You shall act at all times in
---------------------------------
good faith and agree to use your best efforts within reasonable limits to insure
the accuracy of all services performed under this Agreement and to comply with
applicable law, but assume no responsibility and shall not be liable for loss or
damage due to errors unless such error is caused by your negligence, bad faith,
or willful misconduct or that of your employees.
17. Governing Law. These terms and conditions shall be governed by
-------------
the laws of the State of New York without regard to its conflicts of laws
provisions.
4
<PAGE>
Exhibit (g)
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT, made as of the ____ day of , 1997, by and between
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Fund"), and FUND ASSET
MANAGEMENT, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the "Investment Adviser").
W I T N E S S E T H:
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WHEREAS, the Fund is engaged in business as a closed-end,
non-diversified, management investment company registered under the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"); and
WHEREAS, the Investment Adviser is engaged principally in rendering
management and investment advisory services and is registered as an investment
adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the Fund desires to retain the Investment Adviser to provide
management and investment advisory services to the Fund in the manner and on the
terms hereinafter set forth; and
WHEREAS, the Investment Adviser is willing to provide management and
investment advisory services to the Fund on the terms and conditions hereinafter
set forth;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants
hereinafter contained, the Fund and the Investment Adviser hereby agree as
follows:
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ARTICLE I
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Duties of the Investment Adviser
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The Fund hereby employs the Investment Adviser to act as investment
adviser of the Fund and to furnish, or arrange for its affiliates to furnish,
the investment advisory services described below, subject to the policies of,
review by and overall control of the Board of Directors of the Fund, for the
period and on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. The
Investment Adviser hereby accepts such employment and agrees during such period,
at its own expense, to render, or arrange for the rendering of, such services
and to assume the obligations herein set forth for the compensation provided for
herein. The Investment Adviser and its affiliates for all purposes herein shall
be deemed to be independent contractors and, unless otherwise expressly provided
or authorized, shall have no authority to act for or represent the Fund in any
way or otherwise be deemed agents of the Fund.
(a) Administrative Services. The Investment Adviser shall perform, or
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arrange for its affiliates to perform, the management and administrative
services necessary for the operation of the Fund, including administering
shareholder accounts and handling shareholder relations pursuant to an
Administration Agreement of even date herewith.
(b) Investment Advisory Services. The Investment Adviser shall provide,
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or arrange for its affiliates to provide, the Fund with such investment
research, advice and supervision as the
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latter from time to time may consider necessary for the proper supervision of
the assets of the Fund, shall furnish continuously an investment program for the
Fund and shall determine from time to time which securities shall be purchased,
sold or exchanged and what portion of the assets of the Fund shall be held in
the various securities in which the Fund invests, options, futures, options on
futures or cash, subject always to the restrictions of the Articles of
Incorporation and the By-Laws of the Fund, as amended from time to time, the
provisions of the Investment Company Act and the statements relating to the
Fund's investment objective, investment policies and investment restrictions as
the same are set forth in filings made by the Fund under the Federal securities
laws. The Investment Adviser shall make decisions for the Fund as to the manner
in which voting rights, rights to consent to corporate action and any other
rights pertaining to the Fund's portfolio securities shall be exercised. Should
the Board of Directors at any time, however, make any definite determination as
to investment policy and notify the Investment Adviser thereof in writing, the
Investment Adviser shall be bound by such determination for the period, if any,
specified in such notice or until similarly notified that such determination has
been revoked. The Investment Adviser shall take, on behalf of the Fund, all
actions which it deems necessary to implement the investment policies determined
as provided above, and in particular to place all orders for the purchase or
sale of portfolio securities for the Fund's account with brokers or
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dealers selected by it, and to that end, the Investment Adviser is authorized as
the agent of the Fund to give instructions to the custodian of the Fund as to
deliveries of securities and payments of cash for the account of the Fund. In
connection with the selection of such brokers or dealers and the placing of such
orders with respect to assets of the Fund, the Investment Adviser is directed at
all times to seek to obtain execution and prices within the policy guidelines
determined by the Board of Directors and set forth in filings made by the Fund
under the Federal securities laws. Subject to this requirement and the
provisions of the Investment Company Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, and other applicable provisions of law, the Investment Adviser may
select brokers or dealers with which it or the Fund is affiliated.
(c) Notice Upon Change in Partners of the Investment Adviser. The
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Investment Adviser is a limited partnership and its limited partner is Merrill
Lynch & Co., Inc. and its general partner is Princeton Services, Inc. The
Investment Adviser will notify the Fund of any change in the membership of the
partnership within a reasonable time after such change.
ARTICLE II
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Allocation of Charges and Expenses
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(a) The Investment Adviser. The Investment Adviser shall provide the
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staff and personnel necessary to perform its obligations under this Agreement,
shall assume and pay or cause
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to be paid all expenses incurred in connection with the maintenance of such
staff and personnel, and, at its own expense, shall provide the office space,
facilities, equipment and necessary personnel which it is obligated to provide
under Article I hereof, and shall pay all compensation of officers of the Fund
and all Directors of the Fund who are affiliated persons of the Investment
Adviser.
(b) The Fund. The Fund assumes, and shall pay or cause to be paid, all
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other expenses of the Fund including, without limitation: taxes, expenses for
legal and auditing services, costs of printing proxies, stock certificates,
shareholder reports and prospectuses, charges of the custodian, any
sub-custodian and transfer agent, charges of any auction agent and broker
dealers in connection with preferred stock of the Fund, expenses of portfolio
transactions, Securities and Exchange Commission fees, expenses of registering
the shares of common stock and preferred stock under Federal, state and foreign
laws, fees and actual out-of-pocket expenses of Directors who are not affiliated
persons of the Investment Adviser, accounting and pricing costs (including the
daily calculation of the net asset value), insurance, interest, brokerage costs,
litigation and other extraordinary or nonrecurring expenses, and other expenses
properly payable by the Fund. It also is understood that the Fund will reimburse
the Investment Adviser for its costs incurred in providing accounting services
to the Fund.
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ARTICLE III
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Compensation of the Investment Adviser
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(a) Investment Advisory Fee. For the services rendered, the facilities
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furnished and the expenses assumed by the Investment Adviser, the Fund shall pay
to the Investment Adviser at the end of each calendar month a fee based upon the
average weekly value of the net assets of the Fund at the annual rate of 0.55 of
1.0% (0.55%) of the average weekly net assets of the Fund (i.e., the average
weekly value of the total assets of the Fund, minus the sum of accrued
liabilities of the Fund and accumulated dividends on shares of outstanding
preferred stock), commencing on the day following effectiveness hereof. For
purposes of this calculation, average weekly net assets are determined at the
end of each month on the basis of the average net assets of the Fund for each
week during the month. The assets for each weekly period are determined by
averaging the net assets at the last business day of a week with the net assets
at the last business day of the prior week. It is understood that the
liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock (other than
accumulated dividends) is not considered a liability in determining the Fund's
average weekly net assets. If this Agreement becomes effective subsequent to the
first day of a month or shall terminate before the last day of a month,
compensation for that part of the month this Agreement is in effect shall be
prorated in a manner consistent with the calculation of the fee as set forth
above. Subject to the
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provisions of subsection (b) hereof, payment of the Investment Adviser's
compensation for the preceding month shall be made as promptly as possible after
completion of the computations contemplated by subsection (b) hereof. During any
period when the determination of net asset value is suspended by the Board of
Directors, the average net asset value of a share for the last week prior to
such suspension shall for this purpose shall be deemed to be the net asset value
at the close of each succeeding week until it is again determined.
(b) Expense Limitations. In the event the operating expenses of the
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Fund, including amounts payable to the Investment Adviser pursuant to subsection
(a) hereof, for any fiscal year ending on a date on which this Agreement is in
effect exceed the expense limitations applicable to the Fund imposed by
applicable state securities laws or regulations thereunder, as such limitations
may be raised or lowered from time to time, the Investment Adviser shall reduce
its investment advisory fee by the extent of such excess and, if required
pursuant to any such laws or regulations, will reimburse the Fund in the amount
of such excess; provided, however, to the extent permitted by law, there shall
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be excluded from such expenses the amount of any interest, taxes, distribution
fees, brokerage fees and commissions and extraordinary expenses (including but
not limited to legal claims and liabilities and litigation costs and any
indemnification related thereto) paid or payable by the Fund. Whenever the
expenses of the Fund exceed a pro rata portion of
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the applicable annual expense limitations, the estimated amount of reimbursement
under such limitations shall be applicable as an offset against the monthly
payment of the fee due to the Investment Adviser. Should two or more such
expense limitations be applicable as at the end of the last business day of the
month, that expense limitation which results in the largest reduction in the
Investment Adviser's fee shall be applicable.
ARTICLE IV
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Limitation of Liability of the Investment Adviser
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The Investment Adviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or
mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or
omission in the management of the Fund, except for willful misfeasance, bad
faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of
reckless disregard of its obligations and duties hereunder. As used in this
Article IV, the term "Investment Adviser" shall include any affiliates of the
Investment Adviser performing services for the Fund contemplated hereby and
directors, officers and employees of the Investment Adviser and of such
affiliates.
ARTICLE V
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Activities of the Investment Adviser
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The services of the Investment Adviser to the Fund are not to be deemed
to be exclusive; the Investment Adviser and any person controlled by or under
common control with the Investment
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Adviser (for purposes of this Article V referred to as "affiliates") are free to
render services to others. It is understood that Directors, officers, employees
and shareholders of the Fund are or may become interested in the Investment
Adviser and its affiliates, as directors, officers, employees, partners and
shareholders or otherwise, and that directors, officers, employees, partners and
shareholders of the Investment Adviser and of its affiliates are or may become
similarly interested in the Fund, and that the Investment Adviser and directors,
officers, employees, partners and shareholders of its affiliates may become
interested in the Fund as shareholders or otherwise.
ARTICLE VI
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Duration and Termination of this Agreement
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This Agreement shall become effective as of the date first above written
and shall remain in force until ___________, 1999 and thereafter, but only so
long as such continuance specifically is approved at least annually by (i) the
Board of Directors of the Fund, or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of the Fund, and (ii) by the vote of a majority of those
Directors who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any
such party cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such
approval.
This Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any
penalty, by the Board of Directors or by vote of a
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majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, or by the Investment
Adviser, on sixty (60) days' written notice to the other party. This Agreement
shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.
ARTICLE VII
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Amendment of this Agreement
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This Agreement may be amended by the parties only if such amendment
specifically is approved by the vote of (i) a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of the Fund, and (ii) a majority of those Directors who are not
parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party cast in person
at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
ARTICLE VIII
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Definitions of Certain Terms
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The terms "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities",
"assignment", "affiliated person" and "interested person", when used in this
Agreement, shall have the respective meanings specified in the Investment
Company Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, subject, however, to such
exemptions as may be granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under
said Act.
ARTICLE IX
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Governing Law
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This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
laws of the State of New York and the applicable provisions of the Investment
Company Act. To the extent that the applicable laws of the State of New York, or
any of the provisions herein, conflict with the applicable provisions of the
Investment Company Act, the latter shall control.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this
Agreement as of the date first above written.
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
By:
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Authorized Signatory
ATTEST:
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Secretary
FUND ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P.
By:
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Authorized Signatory
ATTEST:
- -----------------------------
Secretary
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Exhibit (h)(1)
6,700,000 Shares
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
(a Maryland corporation)
Common Stock
(Par Value $0.10 Per Share)
PURCHASE AGREEMENT
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___, 1997
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
INCORPORATED
Merrill Lynch World Headquarters
World Financial Center
North Tower
New York, New York 10281-1201
Dear Sirs and Mesdames:
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the "Fund"), and Fund
Asset Management, L.P., a Delaware corporation (the "Adviser"), each confirms
its agreement with Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated (the "Underwriter"), with respect to the sale by the Fund and the
purchase by the Underwriter of 6,700,000 shares of common stock, par value $.10
per share, of the Fund (the "Common Stock"), and, with respect to the grant
by the Fund to the Underwriter of the option described in Section 2 hereof to
purchase all or any part of 1,005,000 additional shares of Common Stock to cover
over-allotments. The aforesaid 6,700,000 shares (the "Initial Shares"),
together with all or any part of the 1,005,000 additional shares of Common Stock
subject to the option described in Section 2 hereof (the "Option Shares"),
hereinafter are referred to collectively as the "Shares".
Prior to the purchase and public offering of the Shares by the Underwriter,
the Fund and the Underwriter shall enter into an agreement substantially in the
form of Exhibit A hereto (the "Pricing Agreement"). The Pricing Agreement may
take the form of an exchange of any standard form of written telecommunication
between the Fund and the Underwriter and shall specify such applicable
information as is indicated in Exhibit A hereto. The offering of the Shares
will be governed by this Agreement, as
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supplemented by the Pricing Agreement. From and after the date of the execution
and delivery of the Pricing Agreement, this Agreement shall be deemed to
incorporate the Pricing Agreement.
The Fund has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a notification on Form N-8A of registration of the Fund as an
investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the
"Investment Company Act"), and a registration statement on Form N-2 (No. 333-
22645) and a related preliminary prospectus for the registration of the Shares
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), the Investment
Company Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act
and the Investment Company Act (together, the "Rules and Regulations"), and has
filed such amendments to such registration statement on Form N-2, if any, and
such amended preliminary prospectuses as may have been required to the date
hereof. The Fund will prepare and file such additional amendments thereto and
such amended prospectuses as hereafter may be required. Such registration
statement (as amended at the time it becomes effective, if applicable) and the
prospectus constituting a part thereof (including in each case the information,
if any, deemed to be a part thereof pursuant to Rule 430A(b) or Rule 434 of the
Rules and Regulations), as from time to time amended or supplemented pursuant to
the 1933 Act, are referred to hereinafter as the "Registration Statement" and
the "Prospectus", respectively; except that if any revised prospectus shall be
provided to the Underwriter by the Fund for use in connection with the offering
of the Shares which differs from the Prospectus on file at the Commission at the
time the Registration Statement becomes effective (whether such revised
prospectus is required to be filed by the Fund pursuant to Rule 497(c) or Rule
497(h) of the Rules and Regulations), the term "Prospectus" shall refer to each
such revised prospectus from and after the time it is first provided to the
Underwriter for such use. If the Fund elects to rely on Rule 434 under the
Rules and Regulations, all references to the Prospectus shall be deemed to
include, without limitation, the form of prospectus and the term sheet, taken
together, provided to the Underwriter by the Fund in reliance on Rule 434 under
the 1933 Act (the "Rule 434 Prospectus"). If the Fund files a registration
statement to register a portion of the Shares and relies on Rule 462(b) for such
registration statement to become effective upon filing with the Commission (the
"Rule 462 Registration Statement"), then any reference to "Registration
Statement" herein shall be deemed to include both the registration statement
referred to above (No. 333-22645) and the Rule 462 Registration Statement, as
each such registration statement may be amended pursuant to the 1933 Act.
The Fund understands that the Underwriter proposes to make a public
offering of the Shares as soon as the Underwriter deems
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advisable after the Registration Statement becomes effective and the Pricing
Agreement has been executed and delivered.
SECTION 1. Representations and Warranties. (a) The Fund and the Adviser
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each severally represents and warrants to the Underwriter as of the date hereof
and as of the date of the Pricing Agreement (such later date hereinafter being
referred to as the "Representation Date") as follows:
(i) At the time the Registration Statement becomes effective and at
the Representation Date, the Registration Statement will comply in all
material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act, the Investment
Company Act and the Rules and Regulations and will not contain an untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading. At the time the Registration Statement becomes effective, at
the Representation Date and at Closing Time referred to in Section 2, the
Prospectus (unless the term "Prospectus" refers to a prospectus which has
been provided to the Underwriter by the Fund for use in connection with the
offering of the Shares which differs from the Prospectus on file with the
Commission at the time the Registration Statement becomes effective, in
which case at the time such prospectus first is provided to the Underwriter
for such use) will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading; provided, however, that the representations and warranties in
this subsection shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus made in reliance upon and in
conformity with information furnished to the Fund in writing by the
Underwriter expressly for use in the Registration Statement or in the
Prospectus.
(ii) The accountants who certified the statement of assets,
liabilities and capital included in the Registration Statement are
independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the Rules
and Regulations.
(iii) The statement of assets, liabilities and capital included in the
Registration Statement presents fairly the financial position of the Fund
as at the date indicated and said statement has been prepared in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles.
(iv) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in
the Registration Statement and in the Prospectus, except as otherwise
stated therein, (A) there has been no material adverse change in the
condition,
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financial or otherwise, of the Fund, or in the earnings, business affairs
or business prospects of the Fund, whether or not arising in the ordinary
course of business, (B) there have been no transactions entered into by the
Fund which are material to the Fund other than those in the ordinary course
of business and (C) there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind
declared, paid or made by the Fund on any class of its capital stock.
(v) The Fund has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a
corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Maryland with
corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and
conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement; the Fund
is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required;
and the Fund has no subsidiaries.
(vi) The Fund is registered with the Commission under the Investment
Company Act as a closed-end, non-diversified, management investment
company, and no order of suspension or revocation of such registration has
been issued or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the
Commission.
(vii) The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Fund
is as set forth in the Prospectus under the caption "Description of Capital
Stock"; the Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the
Underwriter pursuant to this Agreement and, when issued and delivered by
the Fund pursuant to this Agreement against payment of the consideration
set forth in the Pricing Agreement, will be validly issued and fully paid
and nonassessable; the Shares conform in all material respects to all
statements relating thereto contained in the Registration Statement; and
the issuance of the Shares to be purchased by the Underwriter is not
subject to preemptive rights.
(viii) The Fund is not in violation of its articles of incorporation, as
amended (the "Charter"), or its by-laws, as amended (the "By-Laws"), or in
default in the performance or observance of any material obligation,
agreement, covenant or condition contained in any material contract,
indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument to
which it is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound; and the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Pricing Agreement and the
Investment Advisory Agreement and the Custody Agreement referred to in the
Registration Statement (as used herein, the "Advisory Agreement" and the
"Custody Agreement", respectively) and
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the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and therein have
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and will not
conflict with or constitute a breach of, or a default under, or result in
the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any
property or assets of the Fund pursuant to any material contract,
indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument to
which the Fund is a party or by which it may be bound or to which any of
the property or assets of the Fund is subject, nor will such action result
in any violation of the provisions of the Charter or the By-Laws of the
Fund, or, to the best knowledge of the Fund and the Adviser, any law,
administrative regulation or administrative or court decree; and no
consent, approval, authorization or order of any court or governmental
authority or agency is required for the consummation by the Fund of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Pricing Agreement, the
Advisory Agreement and the Custody Agreement, except such as has been
obtained under the Investment Company Act or as may be required under the
1933 Act or state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the
purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriter.
(ix) The Fund owns or possesses or has obtained all material
governmental licenses, permits, consents, orders, approvals and other
authorizations necessary to lease or own, as the case may be, and to
operate its properties and to carry on its businesses as contemplated in
the Prospectus and the Fund has not received any notice of proceedings
relating to the revocation or modification of any such licenses, permits,
covenants, orders, approvals or authorizations.
(x) There is no action, suit or proceeding before or by any court or
governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the
knowledge of the Fund, threatened against or affecting, the Fund, which
might result in any material adverse change in the condition, financial or
otherwise, business affairs or business prospects of the Fund, or might
materially and adversely affect the properties or assets of the Fund; and
there are no material contracts or documents of the Fund which are required
to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement by the 1933 Act, the
Investment Company Act or the Rules and Regulations which have not been so
filed.
(xi) There are no contracts or documents which are required to be
described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as
exhibits thereto which have not been so described and filed as required.
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(xii) The Fund owns or possesses, or can acquire on reasonable terms,
adequate trademarks, service marks and trade names necessary to conduct its
business as described in the Registration Statement, and the Fund has not
received any notice of infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of
others with respect to any trademarks, service marks or trade names which,
singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision,
ruling or finding, would materially adversely affect the conduct of the
business, operations, financial condition or income of the Fund.
(b) The Adviser represents and warrants to the Underwriter as of the date
hereof and as of the Representation Date as follows:
(i) The Adviser has been duly organized as a limited partnership
under the laws of the State of Delaware, with power and authority to
conduct its business as described in the Prospectus.
(ii) The Adviser is duly registered as an investment adviser under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Advisers
Act"), and is not prohibited by the Investment Advisers Act or the
Investment Company Act, or the rules and regulations under such acts, from
acting under the Advisory Agreement for the Fund as contemplated by the
Prospectus.
(iii) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered
by the Adviser; the Advisory Agreement has been duly authorized, executed
and delivered by the Adviser and constitutes a valid and binding obligation
of the Adviser, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject, as to
enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other laws
relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equitable
principles; and neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the
Advisory Agreement, nor the performance by the Adviser of its obligations
hereunder or thereunder will conflict with, or result in a breach of any of
the terms and provisions of, or constitute, with or without the giving of
notice or the lapse of time or both, a default under, any agreement or
instrument to which the Adviser is a party or by which it is bound, or any
law, order, rule or regulation applicable to it of any jurisdiction, court,
Federal or state regulatory body, administrative agency or other
governmental body, stock exchange or securities association having
jurisdiction over the Adviser or its respective properties or operations.
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(iv) The Adviser has the financial resources available to it necessary
for the performance of its services and obligations as contemplated in the
Prospectus.
(v) Any advertisement approved by the Adviser for use in the public
offering of the Shares pursuant to Rule 482 under the Rules and Regulations
(an "Omitting Prospectus") complies with the requirements of such Rule 482.
(c) Any certificate signed by any officer of the Fund or the Adviser and
delivered to the Underwriter or to counsel to the Fund and the Underwriter shall
be deemed a representation and warranty by the Fund or the Adviser, as the case
may be, to the Underwriter, as to the matters covered thereby.
SECTION 2. Sale and Delivery to the Underwriter; Closing.
(a) On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained,
and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Fund agrees to
sell the Initial Shares to the Underwriter and the Underwriter agrees to
purchase the Initial Shares from the Fund, at the price per share set forth in
the Pricing Agreement.
(i) If the Fund has elected not to rely upon Rule 430A under the
Rules and Regulations, the initial public offering prices and the purchase
price per share to be paid by the Underwriter for the Shares have been
determined and set forth in the Pricing Agreement, dated the date hereof,
and an amendment to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will be
filed before the Registration Statement becomes effective.
(ii) If the Fund has elected to rely upon Rule 430A under the Rules and
Regulations, the purchase price per share to be paid by the Underwriter for
the Shares shall be an amount equal to the applicable initial public
offering price, less an amount per share to be determined by agreement
between the Underwriter and the Fund. The initial public offering price
per share shall be a fixed price based upon the number of Shares purchased
in a single transaction to be determined by agreement between the
Underwriter and the Fund. The initial public offering price and the
purchase price, when so determined, shall be set forth in the Pricing
Agreement. In the event that such prices have not been agreed upon and the
Pricing Agreement has not been executed and delivered by all parties
thereto by the close of business on the fourth business day following the
date of this Agreement, this Agreement shall terminate forthwith, without
liability of any party to any other party, except as provided in Section 4,
unless otherwise agreed to by the Fund, the Adviser and the Underwriter.
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In addition, on the basis of the representations and warranties herein
contained, and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Fund
hereby grants an option to the Underwriter to purchase all or any part of the
Option Shares at the price per share set forth above. The option hereby granted
will expire 45 days after the date hereof (or, if the Fund has elected to rely
upon Rule 430A under the Rules and Regulations, 45 days after the execution of
the Pricing Agreement) and may be exercised only for the purpose of covering
over-allotments which may be made in connection with the offering and
distribution of the Initial Shares upon notice by the Underwriter to the Fund
setting forth the number of Option Shares as to which the Underwriter is then
exercising the option and the time, date and place of payment and delivery for
such Option Shares. Any such time and date of delivery (a "Date of Delivery")
shall be determined by the Underwriter but shall not be later than seven full
business days after the exercise of said option, nor in any event prior to
Closing Time, as hereinafter defined, unless otherwise agreed upon by the
Underwriter and the Fund.
(b) Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for,
the Initial Shares shall be made at the office of Brown & Wood LLP, One World
Trade Center, New York, New York 10048-0557, or at such other place as shall be
agreed upon by the Underwriter and the Fund, at 9:00 A.M. on the third business
day following the date the Registration Statement becomes effective or, if the
Fund has elected to rely upon Rule 430A under the Rules and Regulations, the
third business day after execution of the Pricing Agreement (or, if pricing
takes place after 4:30 P.M. on either the date the Registration Statement
becomes effective or the date of execution of the Pricing Agreement, as
applicable, the fourth business day after such applicable date), or such other
time not later than ten business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by
the Underwriter and the Fund (such time and date of payment and delivery herein
being referred to as "Closing Time"). In addition, in the event that any or all
of the Option Shares are purchased by the Underwriter, payment of the purchase
price for, and delivery of certificates for, such Option Shares shall be made at
the above-mentioned office of Brown & Wood LLP, or at such other place as shall
be agreed upon mutually by the Fund and the Underwriter, on each Date of
Delivery as specified in the notice from the Underwriter to the Fund. Payment
shall be made to the Fund by a Federal Funds check or checks or similar same-day
funds payable to the order of the Fund, against delivery to the Underwriter of
certificates for the Shares to be purchased by it. Certificates for the Initial
Shares and Option Shares shall be in such denominations and registered in such
names as the Underwriter may request in writing at least two business days
before Closing Time or the Date of Delivery, as the case may be. The
certificates for the Initial Shares and the Option Shares will be made available
by
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the Fund for examination by the Underwriter not later than 10:00 A.M. on the
last business day prior to Closing Time or the Date of Delivery, as the case may
be.
SECTION 3. Covenants of the Fund. The Fund covenants with the Underwriter
as follows:
(a) The Fund will use its best efforts (i) to cause the Registration
Statement to become effective under the 1933 Act, and will advise the
Underwriter promptly as to the time at which the Registration Statement and
any amendments thereto (including any post-effective amendment) becomes so
effective and (ii) if required, to cause the issuance of any orders
exempting the Fund from any provisions of the Investment Company Act, and
the Fund will advise the Underwriter promptly as to the time at which any
such orders are granted.
(b) The Fund will notify the Underwriter immediately, and will
confirm the notice in writing, (i) of the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement and any amendments thereto (including any post-effective
amendment), (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii)
of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration
Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or for
additional information, (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the
initiation of any proceedings for that purpose, and (v) of the issuance by
the Commission of an order of suspension or revocation of the notification
on Form N-8A of registration of the Fund as an investment company under the
Investment Company Act or the initiation of any proceeding for that
purpose. The Fund will make every reasonable effort to prevent the
issuance of any stop order described in subsection (vi) hereunder or any
order of suspension or revocation described in subsection (vii) hereunder
and, if any such stop order or order of suspension or revocation is issued,
to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment. If the Fund
elects to rely on Rule 434 under the Rules and Regulations, the Fund will
prepare a term sheet that complies with the requirements of Rule 434 under
the Rules and Regulations and the Fund will provide the Underwriter with
copies of the form of Rule 434 Prospectus, in such number as the
Underwriter may reasonably request by the close of business in New York on
the business day immediately succeeding the date of the Pricing Agreement.
(c) The Fund will give the Underwriter notice of its intention to
file any amendment to the Registration Statement (including any post-
effective amendment) or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus
(including any
9
<PAGE>
revised prospectus which the Fund proposes for use by the Underwriter in
connection with the offering of the Shares, which differs from the
prospectus on file at the Commission at the time the Registration Statement
becomes effective, whether such revised prospectus is required to be filed
pursuant to Rule 497(c) or Rule 497(h) of the Rules and Regulations or any
term sheet prepared in reliance on Rule 434 of the Rules and Regulations),
whether pursuant to the Investment Company Act, the 1933 Act, or otherwise,
and will furnish the Underwriter with copies of any such amendment or
supplement a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing or
use, as the case may be, and will not file any such amendment or supplement
to which the Underwriter reasonably shall object.
(d) The Fund will deliver to the Underwriter, as soon as practicable,
two signed copies of the notification of registration and registration
statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, in each case
with two sets of the exhibits filed therewith, and also will deliver to the
Underwriter a conformed copy of the registration statement as originally
filed and of each amendment thereto (but without exhibits to the
registration statement or any such amendment) for the of the Underwriter.
(e) The Fund will furnish to the Underwriter, from time to time
during the period when the Prospectus is required to be delivered under the
1933 Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as amended or
supplemented) as the Underwriter reasonably may request for the purposes
contemplated by the 1933 Act or the Rules and Regulations.
(f) If any event shall occur as a result of which it is necessary, in
the opinion of counsel to the Fund and the Underwriter, to amend or
supplement the Prospectus in order to make the Prospectus not misleading in
the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a
purchaser, the Fund forthwith will amend or supplement the Prospectus by
preparing and furnishing to the Underwriter a reasonable number of copies
of an amendment or amendments of or a supplement or supplements to, the
Prospectus (in form and substance satisfactory to counsel to the Fund and
the Underwriter), so that, as so amended or supplemented, the Prospectus
will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances existing at the time the Prospectus is delivered
to a purchaser, not misleading.
(g) The Fund will endeavor, in cooperation with the Underwriter, to
qualify the Shares for offering and sale under the applicable securities
laws of such states and
10
<PAGE>
other jurisdictions of the United States as the Underwriter may designate,
and will maintain such qualifications in effect for a period of not less
than one year after the date hereof. The Fund will file such statements
and reports as may be required by the laws of each jurisdiction in which
the Shares have been qualified as above provided.
(h) The Fund will make generally available to its security holders as
soon as practicable, but no later than 60 days after the close of the
period covered thereby, an earnings statement (in form complying with the
provisions of Rule 158 of the Rules and Regulations) covering a twelve-
month period beginning not later than the first day of the Fund's fiscal
quarter next following the "effective" date (as defined in said Rule 158)
of the Registration Statement.
(i) Between the date of this Agreement and the termination of any
trading restrictions or Closing Time, whichever is later, the Fund will
not, without your prior consent, offer or sell, or enter into any agreement
to sell, any equity or equity related securities of the Fund other than the
Shares and shares of Common Stock issued in reinvestment of dividends or
distributions.
(j) If, at the time that the Registration Statement becomes
effective, any information shall have been omitted therefrom in reliance
upon Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations, then immediately following the
execution of the Pricing Agreement, the Fund will prepare, and file or
transmit for filing with the Commission in accordance with such Rule 430A
and Rule 497(h) of the Rules and Regulations, copies of the amended
Prospectus, or, if required by such Rule 430A, a post-effective amendment
to the Registration Statement (including an amended Prospectus), containing
all information so omitted.
(k) The Fund will use its best efforts to effect the listing of the
Shares on the New York Stock Exchange so that trading on such Exchange will
begin no later than four weeks from the date of the Prospectus.
SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses. The Fund will pay all expenses incident
to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including, but not
limited to, expenses relating to (i) the printing and filing of the registration
statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, (ii) the printing
of this Agreement and the Pricing Agreement, (iii) the preparation, issuance and
delivery of the certificates for the Shares to the Underwriter, (iv) the fees
and disbursements of the Fund's counsel and accountants, (v) the qualification
of the Shares under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section
3(g) of this Agreement, including filing fees and any
11
<PAGE>
reasonable fees or disbursements of counsel in connection therewith and in
connection with the preparation of the Blue Sky Survey, (vi) the printing and
delivery to the Underwriter of copies of the registration statement as
originally filed and of each amendment thereto, of the preliminary prospectus,
and of the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vii) the
printing and delivery to the Underwriter of copies of the Blue Sky Survey,
(viii) the fees and expenses incurred with respect to the filing with the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. and (ix) the fees and expenses
incurred with respect to the listing of the Shares on the New York Stock
Exchange.
If this Agreement is terminated by the Underwriter in accordance with the
provisions of Section 5 or Section 9(a)(i), the Fund or the Adviser shall
reimburse the Underwriter for all of their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses,
including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Fund and the
Underwriter. In the event the transactions contemplated hereunder are not
consummated, the Adviser agrees to pay all of the costs and expenses set forth
in the first paragraph of this Section 4 which the Fund would have paid if such
transactions had been consummated.
SECTION 5. Conditions of Underwriter's Obligations. The obligations of
the Underwriter hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and
warranties of the Fund and the Adviser herein contained, to the performance by
the Fund and the Adviser of their respective obligations hereunder, and to the
following further conditions:
(a) The Registration Statement shall have become effective not later
than 5:30 P.M., on the date of this Agreement, or at a later time and date
not later, however, than 5:30 P.M. on the first business day following the
date hereof, or at such later time and date as may be approved by the
Underwriter, and at Closing Time no stop order suspending the effectiveness
of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the 1933 Act or
proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the Commission. If the Fund
has elected to rely upon Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations, the price
of the Shares and any price-related information previously omitted from the
effective Registration Statement pursuant to such Rule 430A shall have been
transmitted to the Commission for filing pursuant to Rule 497(h) of the
Rules and Regulations within the prescribed time period, and prior to
Closing Time the Fund shall have provided evidence satisfactory to the
Underwriter of such timely filing, or a post-effective amendment providing
such information shall have been filed promptly and declared effective in
accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations.
12
<PAGE>
(b) At Closing Time, the Underwriter shall have received:
(1) The favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of Brown &
Wood LLP, counsel to the Fund and the Underwriter, to the effect that:
(i) The Fund has been duly incorporated and is validly
existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the
State of Maryland.
(ii) The Fund has corporate power and authority to own,
lease and operate its properties and conduct its business as
described in the Registration Statement and in the Prospectus.
(iii) The Fund is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to
transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in
which such qualification is required.
(iv) The Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and
sale to the Underwriter pursuant to this Agreement and, when
issued and delivered by the Fund pursuant to this Agreement
against payment of the consideration set forth in the Pricing
Agreement, will be validly issued and fully paid and
nonassessable; the issuance of the Shares is not subject to
preemptive rights; and the authorized capital stock conforms as
to legal matters in all material respects to the description
thereof in the Registration Statement under the caption
"Description of Capital Stock".
(v) This Agreement and the Pricing Agreement each has been
duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Fund and each
complies with all applicable provisions of the Investment Company
Act.
(vi) The Registration Statement is effective under the 1933
Act and, to the best of their knowledge and information, no stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
has been issued under the 1933 Act or proceedings therefor
initiated or threatened by the Commission.
(vii) At the time the Registration Statement became effective
and at the Representation Date, the Registration Statement (other
than the financial statements included therein, as to which
13
<PAGE>
no opinion need be rendered) complied as to form in all material
respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the Investment
Company Act and the Rules and Regulations. The Rule 434
Prospectus conforms to the requirements of Rule 434 in all
material respects.
(viii) To the best of their knowledge and information, there
are no legal or governmental proceedings pending or threatened
against the Fund which are required to be disclosed in the
Registration Statement, other than those disclosed therein.
(ix) To the best of their knowledge and information, there
are no contracts, indentures, mortgages, loan agreements, notes,
leases or other instruments of the Fund required to be described
or referred to in the Registration Statement or to be filed as
exhibits thereto other than those described or referred to
therein or filed as exhibits thereto, the descriptions thereof
are correct in all material respects, references thereto are
correct, and no default exists in the due performance or
observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or
condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan
agreement, note, lease or other instrument so described, referred
to or filed.
(x) No consent, approval, authorization or order of any
court or governmental authority or agency is required in
connection with the sale of the Shares to the Underwriter, except
such as has been obtained under the 1933 Act, the Investment
Company Act or the Rules and Regulations or such as may be
required under state securities laws; and to the best of their
knowledge and information, the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, the Pricing Agreement, the Advisory Agreement and the
Custody Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated herein and therein will not conflict with or
constitute a breach of, or a default under, or result in the
creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon
any property or assets of the Fund pursuant to, any contract,
indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other
instrument to which the Fund is a party or by which it may be
bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Fund is
subject, nor will such action result in any violation of the
provisions of the Charter or the By-Laws of the Fund, or any law
or administrative regulation, or,
14
<PAGE>
to the best of their knowledge and information, administrative or
court decree.
(xi) The Advisory Agreement and the Custody Agreement have
each been duly authorized and approved by the Fund and comply as
to form in all material respects with all applicable provisions
of the Investment Company Act, and each has been duly executed by
the Fund.
(xii) The Fund is registered with the Commission under the
Investment Company Act as a closed-end, non-diversified
management investment company, and all required action has been
taken by the Fund under the 1933 Act, the Investment Company Act
and the Rules and Regulations to make the public offering and
consummate the sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement; the
provisions of the Charter and the By-Laws of the Fund comply as
to form in all material respects with the requirements of the
Investment Company Act; and, to the best of their knowledge and
information, no order of suspension or revocation of such
registration under the Investment Company Act, pursuant to
Section 8(e) of the Investment Company Act, has been issued or
proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the Commission.
(xiii) The information in the Prospectus under the caption
"Taxes", to the extent that it constitutes matters of law or
legal conclusions, has been reviewed by them and is correct in
all material respects.
(2) The favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of Philip L.
Kirstein, Esq., General Counsel to the Adviser, in form and substance
satisfactory to counsel to the Underwriter, to the effect that:
(i) The Adviser has been duly organized as a limited
partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, with power
and authority to conduct its business as described in the
Registration Statement and in the Prospectus.
(ii) The Adviser is duly registered as an investment adviser
under the Investment Advisers Act and is not prohibited by the
Investment Advisers Act or the Investment Company Act, or the
rules and regulations under such Acts, from acting
15
<PAGE>
under the Advisory Agreement for the Fund as contemplated by the
Prospectus.
(iii) This Agreement and the Advisory Agreement have been
duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Adviser, and the
Advisory Agreement constitutes a valid and binding obligation of
the Adviser, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject,
as to enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or
other laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to
general equity principles; and, to the best of his knowledge and
information, neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement
or the Advisory Agreement nor the performance by the Adviser of
its obligations hereunder or thereunder will conflict with, or
result in a breach of, any of the terms and provisions of, or
constitute, with or without the giving of notice or the lapse of
time or both, a default under, any agreement or instrument to
which the Adviser is a party or by which the Adviser is bound, or
any law, order, rule or regulation applicable to the Adviser of
any jurisdiction, court, Federal or state regulatory body,
administrative agency or other governmental body, stock exchange
or securities association having jurisdiction over the Adviser or
its properties or operations.
(iv) To the best of his knowledge and information, the
description of the Adviser in the Registration Statement and in
the Prospectus does not contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading.
(3) In giving their opinion required by subsection (b)(1) of this
Section, Brown & Wood LLP additionally shall state that nothing has come to
their attention that would lead them to believe that the Registration
Statement (other than the financial statements included therein, as to
which no opinion need be rendered), at the time it became effective or at
the Representation Date, contained an untrue statement of a material fact
or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that the
Prospectus (other than the financial statements included therein, as to
which no opinion need be rendered), at the Representation Date (unless the
term "Prospectus" refers to a prospectus which has been provided to the
Underwriter by the Fund for
16
<PAGE>
use in connection with the offering of the Shares which differs from the
Prospectus on file at the Commission at the time the Registration Statement
becomes effective, in which case at the time it first is provided to the
Underwriter for such use) or at Closing Time, included an untrue statement
of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. In giving their opinion, Brown & Wood
LLP may rely as to matters involving the laws of the State of Maryland upon
the opinion of Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering. Brown & Wood LLP and Wilmer,
Cutler & Pickering may rely, as to matters of fact, upon certificates and
written statements of officers and employees of and accountants for the
Fund and the Adviser and of public officials.
(c) At Closing Time, (i) the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus shall contain all statements which are required to be stated
therein in accordance with the 1933 Act, the Investment Company Act and the
Rules and Regulations and in all material respects shall conform to the
requirements of the 1933 Act, the Investment Company Act and the Rules and
Regulations, and neither the Registration Statement nor the Prospectus
shall contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and no action,
suit or proceeding at law or in equity shall be pending or, to the
knowledge of the Fund or the Adviser, threatened against the Fund or the
Adviser which would be required to be set forth in the Prospectus other
than as set forth therein, (ii) there shall not have been, since the date
as of which information is given in the Prospectus, any material adverse
change in the condition, financial or otherwise, of the Fund or in its
earnings, business affairs or business prospects, whether or not arising in
the ordinary course of business, from that set forth in the Prospectus,
(iii) the Adviser shall have the financial resources available to it
necessary for the performance of its services and obligations as
contemplated in the Prospectus, and (iv) no proceedings shall be pending
or, to the knowledge of the Fund or the Adviser, threatened against the
Fund or the Adviser before or by any Federal, state or other commission,
board or administrative agency wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or
finding would materially and adversely affect the business, property,
financial condition or income of either the Fund or the Adviser other than
as set forth in the Prospectus, and the Underwriter shall have received, at
Closing Time, a certificate of the President or the Treasurer of the Fund
and of the President or a Vice President of the Adviser
17
<PAGE>
dated as of Closing Time, evidencing compliance with the appropriate
provisions of this subsection (c).
(d) At Closing Time, the Underwriter shall have received
certificates, dated as of Closing Time, (i) of the President or the
Treasurer of the Fund to the effect that the representations and warranties
of the Fund contained in Section 1(a) are true and correct with the same
force and effect as though expressly made at and as of Closing Time and,
(ii) of the President or a Vice President of the Adviser to the effect that
the representations and warranties of the Adviser contained in Sections
1(a) and (b) are true and correct with the same force and effect as though
expressly made at and as of Closing Time.
(e) At the time of execution of this Agreement, the Underwriter shall
have received from Deloitte & Touche LLP a letter, dated such date in form
and substance satisfactory to the Underwriter, to the effect that:
(i) they are independent accountants with respect to the Fund
within the meaning of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations;
(ii) in their opinion, the statement of assets, liabilities and
capital examined by them and included in the Registration Statement
complies as to form in all material respects with the applicable
accounting requirements of the 1933 Act and the Investment Company Act
and the Rules and Regulations; and
(iii) they have performed specified procedures, not constituting
an audit, including a reading of the latest available interim
financial statements of the Fund, a reading of the minute books of the
Fund, inquiries of officials of the Fund responsible for financial
accounting matters and such other inquiries and procedures as may be
specified in such letter, and on the basis of such inquiries and
procedures nothing came to their attention that caused them to believe
that at the date of the latest available statement of assets,
liabilities and capital read by such accountants, or at a subsequent
specified date not more than three days prior to the date of this
Agreement, there was any change in the capital stock or net assets of
the Fund as compared with amounts shown on the statement of assets,
liabilities and capital included in the Prospectus.
(f) At Closing Time, the Underwriter shall have received from
Deloitte & Touche LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect
that they reaffirm the
18
<PAGE>
statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (e) of this
Section, except that the "specified date" referred to shall be a date not
more than three days prior to Closing Time.
(g) At Closing Time, counsel to the Underwriter shall have been
furnished with such documents and opinions as they may reasonably require
for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the
Shares as herein contemplated and to pass upon related proceedings, or in
order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties,
or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all
proceedings taken by the Fund and the Adviser in connection with the
organization and registration of the Fund under the Investment Company Act
and the issuance and sale of the Shares as herein and therein contemplated
shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Underwriter.
(h) In the event the Underwriter exercises its option provided in
Section 2 hereof to purchase all or any portion of the Option Shares, the
representations and warranties of the Fund and the Adviser contained herein
and the statements in any certificate furnished by the Fund and the Adviser
hereunder shall be true and correct as of each Date of Delivery, and the
Underwriter shall have received:
(i) Certificates, dated the Date of Delivery, of the President
or the Treasurer of the Fund and of the President or a Vice President
of the Adviser confirming that the information contained in the
certificate delivered by each of them at Closing Time pursuant to
Section 5(c) or 5(d), as the case may be, remains true as of such Date
of Delivery.
(ii) The favorable opinions of Brown & Wood LLP, counsel to the
Fund and the Underwriter and Philip L. Kirstein, Esq., General Counsel
of the Adviser, each in form and substance satisfactory to the
Underwriter, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the Option
Shares and otherwise to the same effect as the opinions required by
Sections 5(b)(1) and (2), respectively.
(iii) A letter from Deloitte & Touche LLP, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Underwriter and dated such Date of Delivery,
substantially the same in scope and substance as the letter furnished
to the Underwriter pursuant to Section 5(e), except that the
"specified date" in the letter furnished pursuant to this Section 5(h)
shall be a date not more than three days prior to such Date of
Delivery.
19
<PAGE>
If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled
when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the
Underwriter by notice to the Fund at any time at or prior to Closing Time, and
such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party
except as provided in Section 4.
SECTION 6. Indemnification. (a) The Fund and the Adviser jointly and
severally agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriter and each person,
if any, who controls the Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the
1933 Act as follows:
(i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense
whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement
(or any amendment thereto), including the information deemed to be part of
the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430A or Rule 434 of the Rules
and Regulations, if applicable, or the omission or alleged omission
therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any
preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement
thereto) or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact
necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;
(ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense
whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount paid in
settlement of any litigation, or investigation or proceeding by any
governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim
whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such
alleged untrue statement or omission, if such settlement is effected with
the written consent of the indemnifying party; and
(iii) against any and all expense whatsoever (including the fees and
disbursements of counsel chosen by the Underwriter) reasonably incurred in
investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or
investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced
or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement
or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the
extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;
provided, however, that this indemnity agreement does not apply to any loss,
liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent
20
<PAGE>
arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or
omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
furnished to the Fund by the Underwriter expressly for use in the Registration
Statement (or any amendment thereto) or any preliminary prospectus or in the
Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto).
Insofar as this indemnity agreement may permit indemnification for
liabilities under the 1933 Act of any person who is a partner of the Underwriter
or who controls the Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act
and who, at the date of this Agreement, is a director, officer or controlling
person of the Fund, such indemnity agreement is subject to the undertaking of
the Fund in the Registration Statement.
(b) The Underwriter agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Fund and the
Adviser, their respective directors, each of the Fund's officers who signed the
Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Fund or the
Adviser within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act, against any and all
loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained
in subsection (a) of this Section, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue
statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the
Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or in any preliminary
prospectus or in the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in
reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Fund
by the Underwriter expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any
amendment thereto) or in any preliminary prospectus or in the Prospectus (or any
amendment or supplement thereto).
(c) In addition to the foregoing indemnification, the Adviser also agrees
to indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriter and each person, if any, who
controls the Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act,
against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the
indemnity contained in subsection (a) of this Section, with respect to any
Omitting Prospectus or any advertising materials approved by the Adviser for use
in connection with the public offering of the Shares.
(d) Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably
practicable to each indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in
respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify an
indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have
otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. An indemnifying party
may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action. In no
event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for the fees and expenses of more
than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own
counsel
21
<PAGE>
for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or separate but
similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same
general allegations or circumstances.
SECTION 7. Contribution. In order to provide for just and equitable
contribution in circumstances in which the indemnity agreement provided for in
Section 6 for any reason is held to be unenforceable by the indemnified parties
although applicable in accordance with its terms, the Fund, the Adviser and the
Underwriter shall contribute to the aggregate losses, liabilities, claims,
damages and expenses of the nature contemplated by said indemnity agreement as
incurred by the Fund, the Adviser and the Underwriter, in such proportion that
the Underwriter is responsible for that portion represented by the percentage
that the aggregate underwriting compensation payable pursuant to Section 2
hereof bears to the aggregate initial public offering price of the Shares sold
under this Agreement and the Fund and the Adviser are responsible for the
balance; provided, however, that no person guilty of fraudulent
misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be
entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent
misrepresentation. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, the
Underwriter shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the
amount by which the total price at which the Shares underwritten by it and
distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any
damages which such Underwriter otherwise has been required to pay in respect of
such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses. For purposes of this
Section 7, each person, if any, who controls the Underwriter within the meaning
of Section 15 of the 1933 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the
Underwriter, and each director of the Fund and of the Adviser, respectively,
each officer of the Fund who signed the Registration Statement, and each person,
if any, who controls the Fund or the Adviser within the meaning of Section 15 of
the 1933 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Fund and the
Adviser, respectively.
SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery.
All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in
the Pricing Agreement, or contained in certificates of officers of the Fund or
of the Adviser submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full
force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the
Underwriter or controlling person, or by or on behalf of the Fund or the Adviser
and shall survive delivery of the Shares to the Underwriter.
SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement. (a) The Underwriter, by notice to
the Fund, may terminate this Agreement at any time at or prior to Closing Time
(i) if there has been, since the date of this Agreement or since the date as of
which information is
22
<PAGE>
given in the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition, financial
or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the
Fund or the Adviser, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business,
or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial
markets in the United States or elsewhere or any outbreak of hostilities or
other calamity or crisis or any escalation of existing hostilities the effect of
which is such as to make it, in the Underwriter's judgment, impracticable to
market the Shares or enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares, or (iii) if
trading in the Common Stock has been suspended by the Commission or if trading
generally on either the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange
has been suspended, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or
maximum ranges for prices for securities have been required, by either of said
exchanges or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority, or
if a banking moratorium has been declared by Federal or New York authorities.
As used in this subsection (a), the term "Prospectus" means the Prospectus in
the form first used to confirm sales of the Shares.
(b) If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such
termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as
provided in Section 4.
SECTION 10. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall
be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or
transmitted by any standard form of written telecommunication. Notices to the
Underwriter shall be directed to Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated at Merrill Lynch World Headquarters, World Financial
Center, North Tower, New York, New York 10281-1201, Attention: Richard Bruce,
Vice President; notices to the Fund or to the Adviser shall be directed to each
of them at 800 Scudders Mill Road, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536, Attention:
Arthur Zeikel, President.
SECTION 11. Parties. This Agreement and the Pricing Agreement shall inure
to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriter, the Fund, the Adviser and
their respective successors. Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement
or in the Pricing Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any
person, firm or corporation, other than the parties hereto and their respective
successors and the controlling persons and officers and directors referred to in
Sections 6 and 7 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or
equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any
provision herein contained. This Agreement and the Pricing Agreement and all
conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive
benefit of the parties hereto and thereto and their respective successors, and
said controlling persons and officers and directors and their
23
<PAGE>
heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or
corporation. No purchaser of Shares from the Underwriter shall be deemed to be
a successor merely by reason of such purchase.
SECTION 12. Governing Law and Time. This Agreement and the Pricing
----------------------
Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed in said
State. Specified times of day refer to New York City time.
24
<PAGE>
If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our Agreement,
please sign and return to us a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument,
along with all counterparts, will become a single binding agreement between the
Underwriter and the Fund and the Adviser in accordance with its terms.
Very truly yours,
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, L.P.
By: ___________________________
Authorized Officer
FUND ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P.
By: ___________________________
Authorized Officer
Confirmed and Accepted, as of the
date first above written:
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
INCORPORATED
By: __________________________
Authorized Officer
25
<PAGE>
Exhibit A
6,700,000 Shares
MuniHoldings Fund, Inc.
(a Maryland corporation)
Common Stock
(Par Value $.10 Per Share)
PRICING AGREEMENT
-----------------
___, 1997
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
INCORPORATED
Merrill Lynch World Headquarters
North Tower
World Financial Center
New York, New York 10281-1201
Dear Sirs and Mesdames:
Reference is made to the Purchase Agreement, dated April
___, 1997 (the "Purchase Agreement"), relating to the purchase by
---
Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (the
"Underwriter") of the above shares of common stock, par value $.10 per share
(the "Initial Shares"), of MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. (the "Fund") and relating to
the option granted to the Underwriter to purchase up to an additional 1,005,000
shares of common stock, par value $.10 per share, of the Fund to cover over-
allotments in connection with the sale of the Initial Shares (the "Option
Shares"). The Initial Shares and all or any part of the Option Shares
collectively are referred to herein as the "Shares".
Pursuant to Section 2 of the Purchase Agreement, the Fund agrees with the
Underwriter as follows:
1. The initial public offering price per share for the Shares,
determined as provided in said Section 2, and the purchase price per share
for the Shares to be paid by the Underwriter, shall be $15.00.
2. Fund Asset Management, L.P. will pay, or arrange for an affiliate
to pay, a commission to the Underwriter in the amount of $ ___________ per share
for the Shares purchased by the Underwriter.
A-1
<PAGE>
If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement,
please sign and return to the Fund a counterpart hereof, whereupon this
instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement between
the Underwriter and the Fund in accordance with its terms.
Very truly yours,
MUNIHOLDINGS FUND, INC.
By:___________________________
Authorized Officer
FUND ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P.
By: __________________________
Authorized Officer
Confirmed and Accepted, as of the
date first above written:
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
INCORPORATED
By: ___________________________
Authorized Officer
A-2
<PAGE>
Exhibit (h)(2)
Revised October 29, 1990
[LOGO]
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED
MERRILL LYNCH WORLD HEADQUARTERS
NORTH TOWER WORLD FINANCIAL CENTER
NEW YORK, N.Y. 10281-1305
STANDARD DEALER AGREEMENT
-------------------------
Dear Sirs:
In connection with public offerings of securities underwritten by us, or
by a group of underwriters (the "Underwriters") represented by us, you may be
offered the opportunity to purchase a portion of such securities, as
principal, at a discount from the offering price representing a selling
concession or reallowance granted as consideration for services rendered by
you in the sale of such securities. We request that you agree to the following
terms and provisions, and make the following representations, which, together
with any additional terms and provisions set forth in any wire or letter sent
to you in connection with a particular offering, will govern all such
purchases of securities and the reoffering thereof by you.
Your subscription to, or purchase of, such securities will constitute your
reaffirmation of this Agreement.
1. When we are acting as representative (the "Representative") of the
Underwriters in offering securities to you, it should be understood that all
offers are made subject to prior sale of the subject securities, when, as and
if such securities are delivered to and accepted by the Underwriters and
subject to the approval of legal matters by their counsel. In such cases, any
order from you for securities will be strictly subject to confirmation and we
reserve the right in our uncontrolled discretion to reject any order in whole
or in part. Upon release by us, you may reoffer such securities at the
offering price fixed by us. With our consent, you may allow a discount, not in
excess of the reallowance fixed by us, in seiling such securities to other
dealers, provided that in doing so you comply with the Rules of Fair Practice
of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the "NASD"). Upon our
request, you will advise us of the identity of any dealer to whom you allow
such a discount and any Underwriter or dealer from whom you receive such a
discount. After the securities are released for sale to the public, we may
vary the offering price and other selling terms.
2. You represent that you are a dealer actually engaged in the investment
banking or securities business and that you are either (i) a member in good
standing of the NASD or (ii) a dealer with its principal place of business
located outside the United States, its territories or possessions and not
registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (a "non-member foreign
dealer") or (iii) a bank not eligible for membership in the NASD. If you are a
non-member foreign dealer, you agree to make no sales of securities within the
United States, its territories or its possessions or to persons who are
nationals thereof or residents therein. Non-member foreign dealers and banks
agree, in making any sales, to comply with the NASD's interpretation with
respect to free-riding and withholding. In accepting a selling concession
where we are acting as Representative of the Underwriters, in accepting a
reallowance from us whether or not we are acting as such Representative, and
in allowing a discount to any other person, you agree to comply with the
provisions of Section 24 of Article III of the Rules of Fair Practice of the
NASD, and, in addition, if you are a non-member foreign dealer or bank, you
agree to comply, as though you were a member of the NASD, with the provisions
of Sections 8 and 36 of Article III of such Rules of Fair Practice and to
comply with Section 25 of Article III thereof as that Section applies to a
non-member foreign dealer or bank. You represent that you are fully familiar
with the above provisions of the Rules of Fair Practice of the NASD.
3. If the securities have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933
(the "1933 Act"), in offering and selling such securities, you are not
authorized to give any information or make any
<PAGE>
representation not contained in the prospectus relating thereto. You confirm
that you are familiar with the rules and policies of the Securities and
Exchange Commission relating to the distribution of preliminary and final
prospectuses, and you agree that you will comply therewith in any offering
covered by this Agreement. If we are acting as Representative of the
Underwriters, we will make available to you, to the extent made available to
us by the issuer of the securities, such number of copies of the prospectus or
offering documents, for securities not registered under the 1933 Act, as you
may reasonably request.
4. If we are acting as Representative of the Underwriters of securities
of an issuer that is not required to file reports under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act"), you agree that you will not sell any of
the securities to any account over which you have discretionary authority.
5. Payment for securities purchased by you is to be made at our office,
One Liberty Plaza, 165 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10006 (or at such other place
as we may advise), at the offering price less the concession allowed to you,
on such date as we may advise, by certified or official bank check in New York
Clearing House funds (or such other funds as we may advise), payable to our
order, against delivery of the securities to be purchased by you. We shall
have authority to make appropriate arrangements for payment for and/or
delivery through the facility of The Depository Trust Company or any such
other depository or similar facility for the securities.
6. In the event that, prior to the completion of the distribution of
securities covered by this Agreement, we purchase in the open market or
otherwise any securities delivered to you, if we are acting as Representative
of the Underwriters, you agree to repay to us for the accounts of the
Underwriters the amount of the concession allowed to you plus brokerage
commissions and any transfer taxes paid in connection with such purchase.
7. At any time prior to the completion of the distribution of securities
covered by this Agreement you will, upon our request as Representative of the
Underwriters, report to us the amount of securities purchased by you which
then remains unsold and will, upon our request, sell to us for the account of
one or more of the Underwriters such amount of such unsold securities as we
may designate, at the offering price less an amount to be determined by us not
in excess of the concession allowed to you.
8. If we are acting as Representative of the Underwriters, upon
application to us, we will inform you of the states and other jurisdictions of
the United States in which it is believed that the securities being offered
are qualified for sale under, or are exempt from the requirements of, their
respective securities laws, but we assume no responsibility with respect to
your right to sell securities in any jurisdiction. We shall have authority to
file with the Department of State of the State of New York a Further State
Notice with respect to the securities, if necessary.
9. You agree that in connection with any offering of securities covered by
this Agreement you will comply with the applicable provisions of the 1933 Act
and the 1934 Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities
and Exchange Commission thereunder, the applicable rules and regulations of
the NASD, and the applicable rules of any securities exchange having
jurisdiction over the offering.
10. We shall have full authority to take such action as we may deem
advisable in respect of all matters pertaining to any offering covered by this
Agreement. We shall be under no liability to you except for our lack of good
faith and for obligations assumed by us in this Agreement, except that you do
not waive any rights that you may have under the 1933 Act or the rules and
regulations thereunder.
11. Any notice from us shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed
or transmitted by any standard form of written telecommunications to you at
the above address or at such other address as you shall specify to us in
writing.
12. With respect to any offering of securities covered by this Agreement,
the price restrictions contained in Paragraph 1 hereof and the provisions of
Paragraphs 6 and 7 hereof shall terminate as to such offering at the close of
business on the 45th day after the securities are released for sale or, as to
any or all such provisions, at such earlier time as we may advise. All other
provisions of this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and
effect with respect to such offering.
2
<PAGE>
13. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York.
Please confirm your agreement hereto by signing the enclosed duplicate
copy hereof in the place provided below and returning such signed duplicate
copy to us at World Headquarters, North Tower, World Financial Center, New
York, N.Y. 10281-1305, Attention: Corporate Syndicate. Upon receipt thereof,
this instrument and such signed duplicate copy will evidence the agreement
between us.
Very truly yours,
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
INCORPORATED
/s/ Fred F. Hessinger
By: ...................................
Name: Fred F. Hessinger
Confirmed and accepted as of the
day of , 19
....................................
Name of Dealer
.
....................................
Authorized Officer or Partner
(if not Officer or Partner, attach
copy of Instrument of Authorization)
3
