<PAGE> 1
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934
For the year ended December 31, 1998
OR
[ ] Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from ____________ to _____________
Commission file number: 001-13417
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MARYLAND 13-3950486
(State or other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization) Identification No.)
90 WEST STREET, SUITE 1508, NEW YORK, NY 10006
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(212) 732-5086
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.01 Par Value per Share - American Stock Exchange
Warrants - American Stock Exchange
Units - American Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No
--- ---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K [ ]
The aggregate market value of common stock held by nonaffiliates of the
registrant as of March 10, 1999 was approximately $24,352,294 (based on closing
sales price of $4.5625 per share of common stock as reported for the American
Stock Exchange).
The registrant had 6,126,899 shares of common stock outstanding as of March
10, 1999.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to shareholders in
connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held May 21, 1999 are
incorporated by reference into Part III.
<PAGE> 2
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
INDEX
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PART I PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Item 1. Business....................................................................................... 3
Item 2. Properties..................................................................................... 31
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.............................................................................. 31
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders............................................ 32
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.......................... 33
Item 6. Selected Financial Data........................................................................ 34
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.......... 36
Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk...................................... 56
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.................................................... 57
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures.......... 57
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant............................................. 58
Item 11. Executive Compensation......................................................................... 58
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management................................. 58
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions................................................. 58
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K................................ 59
Signatures............................................................................................... 60
</TABLE>
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PART I
ITEM 1: BUSINESS
GENERAL
Background
In September 1997, Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. ("Hanover")
raised net proceeds of approximately $79 million in its initial public offering
(the "IPO"). In the IPO, Hanover sold 5,750,000 units (each unit consists of one
share of common stock, par value $.01 and one stock warrant) at $15.00 per unit,
including 750,000 units sold pursuant to the underwriters' over-allotment option
which was exercised in full. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one
share of common stock at the original issue price - $15.00. The warrants became
exercisable on March 19, 1998 and expire on September 15, 2000. As of December
31, 1998 there were 5,917,878 warrants outstanding including 172,500 warrants
issued pursuant to the underwriters over-allotment option. Hanover utilized
substantially all of the net proceeds of the IPO to fund leveraged purchases of
mortgage assets.
In connection with the closing of the IPO, Hanover, acquired a 97%
ownership interest (representing a 100% ownership of non-voting preferred stock)
in Hanover Capital Partners Ltd. ("HCP") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries:
Hanover Capital Mortgage Corporation ("HCMC") and Hanover Capital Securities,
Inc. ("HCS"), in exchange for 716,667 shares of Hanover's common stock. HCP and
its wholly-owned subsidiaries offer due diligence services to buyers, sellers
and holders of mortgage loans and originate, sell and service multifamily
mortgage loans and commercial loans.
Hanover was incorporated in Maryland on June 10, 1997. Hanover acquired
three bankruptcy remote limited purpose finance subsidiaries in 1998 in order to
complete two significant mortgage loan securitizations. In March 1998, Hanover
acquired 100% of the common stock of Hanover Capital SPC, Inc., together with
its wholly owned subsidiary Hanover Capital Repo Corp. and in October 1998
acquired 100% of the common stock of Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2
98-B Inc. Hanover is a real estate investment trust ("REIT"), formed to operate
as a specialty finance company.
The principal business strategy of Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc.
and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Hanover Capital SPC, Inc., Hanover QRS-1
98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc. (together referred to as the "Company")
and its unconsolidated subsidiaries is to (i) acquire primarily single-family
mortgage loans that are at least twelve months old or that were intended to be
of certain credit quality but that do not meet the originally intended market
parameters due to errors or credit deterioration, (ii) securitize the mortgage
loans and retain interests therein, (iii) originate, hold, sell, and service
multifamily mortgage loans and commercial loans and (iv) acquire multifamily
loans. Hanover's principal business objective is to generate increasing earnings
and dividends for distribution to its stockholders. Hanover acquires
single-family mortgage loans through a network of sales representatives
targeting financial institutions throughout the United States. HCMC originates
multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans for government
sponsored and private mortgage conduits. Hanover may also acquire multifamily
mortgage loans from HCMC, but to date has not done so. Hanover operates as a
tax-advantaged REIT and is generally not subject to Federal income tax to the
extent that it distributes its earnings to its stockholders and maintains its
qualification as a REIT. Taxable affiliates of Hanover, however, including HCP,
HCMC and HCS, Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc. and Hanover SPC-2, Inc. are
subject to Federal income tax. Hanover has engaged HCP to render due diligence,
asset management and administrative services pursuant to a Management Agreement.
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Hanover Capital SPC, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on March 24, 1998 for the sole purpose of issuing
mortgage notes through a private placement real estate mortgage investment
conduit ("REMIC") offering.
Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on October 16, 1998 for the sole purpose of owning
certain investment grade mortgage securities acquired from Hanover Capital
Partners 2, Inc. ("HCP-2"), an unconsolidated subsidiary of Hanover.
Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on October 19, 1998 for the sole purpose of owning
certain investment grade and subordinated mortgage securities acquired from
HCP-2.
On October 28, 1998 Hanover contributed $324.2 million of fixed rate
mortgage loans (with a par value of $318 million) subject to $310.0 million of
reverse repurchase agreement financing to HCP-2 in exchange for a 99% economic
ownership of HCP-2 (representing a 100% ownership of the non-voting preferred
stock in HCP-2).
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COMPANY ORGANIZATION CHART
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
|-------------------------|
|HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE |
| HOLDINGS, INC. |
|-------------------------|
|
|
|
-----------------------------------|
|100% |
<S> <C> | <C> | <C>
|------------------|---------------------| |
--------|-------| |-----|----------| |------|--------| |
|(1) | |(1) | |(1) | |
|HANOVER CAPITAL| | HANOVER | | HANOVER | |
| SPC, INC. | |QRS-1 98-B, INC.| |QRS-2 98-B, INC| |
|-------|-------| |----------------| |---------------| |
| |
| 100% |
|-------|-------| |------------------|---------------|
|(5) | | 97% | 99%
|HANOVER CAPITAL| |---------------| |------|---------|
| REPO CORP. | |(2) | |(2) |
|---------------| |HANOVER CAPITAL| |HANOVER CAPITAL |
|PARTNERS LTD. | |PARTNERS 2, INC.|
-------|--------| |------|---------|
|------------------|----------| |
| 100% | 100% | 100%
|--------|------| |--------|-------| |------|---------|
|(3) | |(3) | |(4) |
|HANOVER CAPITAL| |HANOVER CAPITAL | | HANOVER SPC-2, |
| MORTGAGE | |SECURITIES, INC.| | INC. |
| CORPORATION | | | | |
|---------------| |----------------| |----------------|
</TABLE>
(1)-Wholly-owned subsidiaries of Hanover
(2)-Majority owned unconsolidated taxable subsidiaries of Hanover
(3)-Wholly-owned subsidiaries of HCP
(4)-Wholly-owned subsidiary of HCP-2
(5)-Wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanover Capital SPC, Inc.
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Hanover elected REIT status primarily for the tax advantages. Management
believes that the REIT structure is the most desirable structure for owning
mortgage assets because it eliminates corporate-level Federal income taxation.
In addition, as Hanover is not a traditional lender which accepts deposits, it
is subject to substantially less regulatory oversight and incurs lower operating
expenses than banks, thrifts and many other originators of mortgage assets.
Management believes that Hanover will generate attractive earnings and dividends
per share for stockholders through the combination of (i) purchasing subprime
single-family mortgage loans which generally have higher yields than newly
originated mortgage loans, (ii) using long-term financing that allows Hanover to
realize net interest income over time as REIT-qualified income, as opposed to
fully taxable gain-on-sale income and (iii) its focus on originating multifamily
mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans through HCMC, which generally have
higher yields than conforming single-family mortgage loans. As used herein, the
term "subprime single-family mortgage loan" means a single-family mortgage loan
that is either twelve months or older or that does not meet the originally
intended credit quality due to documentation errors or credit deterioration.
Core Business Strategy
The Company's core business strategy is to pursue acquisitions of mortgage
loans where it believes it can receive acceptable rates of return on invested
capital and effectively utilize leverage. Key elements of this strategy include:
o growing the Company's investment portfolio by utilizing the
Company's single-family mortgage loan acquisition network to
create attractive investment opportunities;
o securitizing the Company's investments in a manner that limits
the Company's interest rate risk while earning an attractive
return on equity; and
o owning mortgage assets in the REIT structure and thereby
eliminating a layer of taxes relative to most traditional real
estate lenders.
The Company's principal executive offices are located at 90 West Street,
Suite 1508, New York, New York 10006.
INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO
General
The primary business of the Company is investing, generally on a long-term
basis, in first lien single-family mortgage loans and mortgage securities
secured by or representing an interest in mortgage loans. While the Company has
not done so to date, it may in the future also invest in multifamily mortgage
loans and commercial mortgage loans (single-family mortgage loans, mortgage
securities, multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans
collectively referred to as the "Investment Portfolio"). The percentage of the
Company's mortgage assets which is invested in various sectors of the Investment
Portfolio may vary significantly from time to time depending upon the
availability of mortgage loans and mortgage securities. The Company utilizes its
organization to acquire and securitize single-family mortgage loans and
originate commercial mortgage loans with a view to earning higher returns than
could generally be earned from purchasing mortgage securities in the
marketplace.
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At December 31, 1998, the Company had invested $407,994,000 or 79.0% of the
Company's total assets in the following types of single-family mortgage loans
classified as held for sale, held to maturity and collateral for mortgage backed
bonds in accordance with the operating policies established by the Board of
Directors:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Mortgage Loan Summary
---------------------
Fixed Rate Mortgage Loans
-------------------------
<S> <C>
Face or principal amount $240,942,000
Carrying value $246,780,000
Weighted average net coupon 8.339%
Weighted average maturity (1) 220
Number of loans 8,309
Average loan size $28,988
Average loan to value ratio (2) 71.0%
Adjustable Rate Mortgage (ARM) Loans
------------------------------------
Face or principal amount $160,046,000
Carrying value $161,214,000
Weighted average net coupon 7.542%
Weighted average maturity (1) 264
Number of loans 1,498
Average loan size $106,839
Average loan to value ratio (2) 70.0%
</TABLE>
(1) weighted average maturity reflects the number of months to maturity and
does not assume any prepayment speeds
(2) average loan to value ratio reflects the ratio of outstanding loan
balances to the most recent appraisal on file for each applicable loan
The adjustable rate mortgage loans at December 31, 1998 had various index
reference rates with a weighted average 13 month repricing period and a weighted
average net life cap of 13.23%.
The weighted average effective yield for the combined fixed and adjustable
rate mortgage portfolios for 1998 was 7.339%.
The Company's exposure to credit risk associated with its portfolio
acquisition activities is measured on an individual customer basis as well as by
groups of customers that share similar attributes. In the normal course of its
business, the Company has concentrations of credit risk in its portfolio for the
mortgage loans in certain geographic areas. At December 31, 1998, the percent of
total principal amount of all mortgage loans outstanding in any one state which
exceeded 10% of the principal amount of the Company's total mortgage loan
portfolio was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
STATE PERCENT
----- -------
<S> <C>
Florida.................... 16%
California................. 16%
</TABLE>
The Company experienced no mortgage loan losses during 1998.
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In April 1998, the Company completed its first REMIC securitization and
thereby transferred $103 million (par value) of mortgage loans to collateral for
mortgage backed bonds. In August 1998, the Company converted approximately $17
million (par value) of adjustable rate mortgage loans into FNMA mortgage
securities, and in October and December the Company converted $56 million and
$55 million (par value) of fixed rate mortgage loans into FNMA mortgage
securities. Lastly, in October 1998, the Company completed a $318 million (par
value) REMIC securitization accomplished through a taxable subsidiary of the
Company, HCP-2. Simultaneously, the Company acquired from HCP-2 in exchange for
all of the preferred stock of HCP-2, through two newly created REIT qualified
subsidiaries, all of the investment grade securities, (except for the "AAA"
rated securities), the unrated securities, the interest-only securities and the
principal only securities from the security transaction. The table below
summarizes the Company's 1998 securitization transactions (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
1998 SECURITIZATION TRANSACTIONS
--------------------------------
<CAPTION>
Mortgage Principal Mortgage
Month Balance on Transaction Security
Completed Transaction Date Type Created
--------- ------------------ ----------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
April $102,977 REMIC Private Placement
August 17,404 Swap FNMA
October 317,764 REMIC Private Placement
October 55,650 Swap FNMA
December 55,208 Swap FNMA
</TABLE>
In December 1997, the Company purchased 15 ARM securities from various
"Wall Street" dealers and in March of 1998 purchased a fixed rate FNMA
certificate from another dealer firm. The ARM securities were purchased at a
price of 103.72% of par value or $349,186,000 and the FNMA fixed rate mortgage
security was purchased at a price of 105.125% of par or $4,333,000. In October
1998, due to (1) market dislocation, (2) desire to increase liquidity and
decrease leverage and (3) rapid prepayments experienced on the Agency ARM
securities, the Company sold all of its Agency ARM securities at a loss of
$5,989,000.
During 1998 the Company completed three separate swap transactions with
FNMA. In August 1998, the Company exchanged $17.4 million (par value) of
adjustable rate mortgage loans in exchange for a like amount of mortgage
securities in the form of five FNMA certificates. All of the mortgage
certificates were subsequently sold with recourse in October 1998. In October
and December 1998, the Company exchanged $55.6 million and $55.2 million
respectively of fixed rate mortgage loans for a like amount of mortgage
securities in the form of 19 and 31 FNMA certificates, respectively. The $55.6
million of mortgage securities represented by the 19 FNMA certificates were sold
with recourse in October, several days after the loans were securitized. At
December 31, 1998 the Company owned the fixed rate FNMA mortgage security
(purchased in March 1998) and the 31 fixed rate FNMA mortgage securities that
were acquired in December 1998.
In October 1998, the Company completed its second private placement REMIC
securitization transaction through its newly organized unconsolidated
subsidiary, HCP-2. Hanover contributed $324.2 million of fixed rate mortgage
loans (with a par value of $318 million) subject to $310.0 million of reverse
repurchase agreement financing to HCP-2 in exchange for a 99% economic ownership
of HCP-2 (representing a 100% ownership of the non-voting preferred stock in
HCP-2). HCP-2 issued a REMIC mortgage security and sold all of the REMIC
securities except the "AAA" rated notes to two newly created wholly-owned
subsidiaries of the Company (Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B,
Inc.). The Company's investment at December 31, 1998 includes nine investment
grade ("AA", "A" and "BBB") notes and six interest only notes.
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At December 31, 1998 the Company had invested $78,478,000 or 15.2% of the
Company's total assets in the following types of mortgage securities,
collateralized by single-family mortgage loans, in accordance with the operating
policies established by the Board of Directors:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Agency Mortgage Securities (1)
------------------------------------
<S> <C>
December 31, 1998 adjusted principal $58,462,000
Amortized cost basis $59,641,000
Market value $59,595,000
Weighted average net coupon 7.55%
Weighted average maturity (4) 250
Private Placement Mortgage Securities (2)
------------------------------------------
December 31, 1998 adjusted principal $18,096,000
Amortized cost basis $21,236,000
Market value $18,883,000
Weighted average net coupon (3) 23.43%
Weighted average maturity (4) 264
</TABLE>
(1) all fixed rate mortgage securities
(2) includes subordinated fixed rate mortgage securities (AA through
unrated tranches) plus interest-only tranches and principal-only
tranches
(3) includes interest income generated from six interest only notes;
see also table on page 48 for effective yield on these mortgage
securities
(4) weighted average maturity reflects the number of months to
maturity and does not assume any prepayment speeds.
The weighted average effective yield for the combined mortgage securities
portfolio for 1998 was 5.170%.
Single Family Mortgage Operations
SINGLE-FAMILY MORTGAGE LOANS. The Company focuses on the purchase of pools
of whole single-family mortgage loans that do not fit into the large
government-sponsored (FHA, FHLMC or GNMA) or private conduit programs.
Single-family mortgage loans generally are acquired in pools from a wide variety
of sources, including private sellers such as banks, thrifts, finance companies,
mortgage companies and governmental agencies. The majority (77%) of the
Company's acquisitions of single-family mortgage loan pools to date have been
fixed rate loans, with the balance made up of adjustable rate mortgage ("ARM")
loans.
The Company uses seven sales representatives from HCP, located in Illinois,
Minnesota, Massachusetts and New York, to source single-family mortgage loan
products. For the foreseeable future, the Company believes that there will be an
adequate supply of mortgage loan product that can be sourced by the existing HCP
sales force.
At March 10, 1999, the Company had purchased since inception in excess of
$1 billion of single-family mortgage loan pools. Also, at March 10, 1999 the
Company did not have any commitments outstanding to purchase single-family
mortgage pools.
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One of the Company's unconsolidated subsidiaries, HCP, has a due diligence
and consulting staff, located in Edison, New Jersey, consisting of approximately
ten full-time employees and access to a part-time pool of employees in excess of
500. The due diligence staff contributes to the single-family mortgage loan
acquisition process by providing expertise in the analysis of many
characteristics of the single-family mortgage loans. It has been Management's
experience that buyers generally discount the price of a single-family mortgage
loan if there is a lack of information. By accumulating additional information
on loan pools through its due diligence operations, the Company believes it is
better able to assess the value of loan pools.
Because mortgage loan pools can be purchased from virtually any bank,
insurance company or financial institution, the Company is not dependent upon
any one source. During 1998, the Company purchased approximately 22% of the
Company's single-family mortgage loan portfolio from one source (Residential
Funding Corporation). Management believes that the loss of any single financial
institution from which the Company purchases mortgage loans would not have any
detrimental effect on the Company. The Company does not service its
single-family mortgage loans. The servicing is outsourced to unrelated third
parties specializing in single-family loan servicing.
The acquisition of single-family mortgage loans and subsequent
securitization of such mortgage loans is the core business strategy of the
Company. The purchase of Agency ARM's securities is not a part of the Company's
core business strategy and is not expected to be pursued in the near term.
Because the Company has access to HCP's due diligence operations, the Company
may in the future consider purchasing non-investment grade mortgage securities
of other issuers after a thorough evaluation of the underlying mortgage loan
collateral. The Company may in the future purchase non-investment grade mortgage
securities from other mortgage suppliers, including mortgage bankers, banks,
savings and loans, investment banking firms, home builders and other firms
involved in originating, packaging and selling mortgage loans.
The mortgage loans, created mortgage securities and, to a lesser extent,
the purchased mortgage securities held in the Investment Portfolio generally
will be held on a long-term basis, so that the returns will be earned over the
lives of the mortgage loans and mortgage securities rather than from sales of
the investments.
Single-family mortgage loan pools are usually acquired through competitive
bids or negotiated transactions. The competition for larger single-family
mortgage loan portfolios is generally more intense, while there is less
competition for smaller single-family mortgage loan portfolios. Management
believes that the Company's funding flexibility, personnel, proprietary due
diligence software and single-family mortgage loan trading relationships provide
it with certain advantages over competitors in pricing and purchasing certain
single-family mortgage loan portfolios.
The Company purchases mortgages in bulk, after its bid has been accepted,
subject to the Company's due diligence work. Prior to making an offer to
purchase a single-family mortgage loan portfolio, HCP employees conduct an
extensive investigation and evaluation of the loans in the portfolio. This
examination typically consists of analyzing the information made available by
the portfolio seller (generally, an outline of the portfolio with the credit and
collateral files for each loan in the pool), reviewing other relevant material
that may be available, analyzing the underlying collateral (including reviewing
the Company's single-family mortgage loan database which contains, among other
things, listings of property values and loan loss experience in local markets
for similar assets), and obtaining opinions of value from third parties (and, in
some
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cases, conducting site inspections). The Company's senior management determines
the amount to be offered for the portfolio using a proprietary stratification
and pricing system which focuses on, among other things, rate, term, location,
credit scores and types of the loans. The proprietary stratification and pricing
system identifies pool characteristics and segments loans by product type (i.e.,
fixed or adjustable rate, interest rate change frequency, ARM index, etc.). The
segments are then further divided by credit quality using a logic program, which
uses credit bureau scores and other criteria to grade loans within numerous
categories. These categories include subdivisions such as loans eligible for
sale/securitization to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac (the "Agencies"), and further
subdivisions of loans that only meet some Agency requirements, loans without
mortgage insurance, loans with certain LTV and delinquency characteristics, etc.
Upon completion of the product segmentation and loan grading phase, the
resulting pools are individually priced and totaled to determine an overall
portfolio value. The effective pricing would require information on gross
weighted average coupon, servicing fee, original term, weighted average
maturity, remittance data, settlement data and ARM data (i.e. index, margin,
rate and payment reset frequency, etc.).
By examining the mortgage pool loan data, a prepayment speed is selected
based primarily upon the gross coupons and seasoning of the subject pool. After
determination of a prepayment speed, the pools' cash flow stream is modeled. The
present value of the cash flow stream is determined by discounting the cash flow
by the current market rate for loans with similar product type and credit
characteristics.
The Company also reviews information on the local economy and real estate
markets (including the amount of time and procedures legally required to
foreclose on real property) where the loan collateral is located.
In conducting due diligence operations, HCP often discovers non-conforming
elements of single-family mortgage loans, such as: (i) problems with documents,
including missing or lost documentation, errors on documents, nonstandard forms
of documents and inconsistent dates between documents, (ii) problems with the
real estate, including inadequate initial appraisals, deterioration in property
values or economic decline in the general geographic area, and (iii)
miscellaneous problems, including poor servicing, poor credit history of the
borrower, poor payment history by the borrower and current delinquency status.
The price paid for such loans is adjusted to compensate for these non-conforming
elements.
The Company maintains a process to improve the value of its single-family
mortgage loan portfolio, including updating data, obtaining lost note affidavits
in the event that a note has been misplaced, updating property values with new
appraisals, assembling historical records, obtaining mortgage insurance if the
value of a loan is in question, grouping similar loans in packages for
securitization, and segmenting portfolios for different buyers. However,
Management believes, in most cases, any value created will be extracted by
financing or securitizing the single-family mortgage loans and then realizing
the enhanced spread on the retained pool, as opposed to recognizing a gain on
sale of the single-family mortgage loan portfolio.
SINGLE-FAMILY MARKET TRENDS. The Company focuses on purchasing its mortgage
loans, which are generally available in bulk, from loan originators such as
mortgage bankers, banks and thrifts that originate primarily for sale and from
mortgage portfolio holders as they restructure their holdings.
SINGLE-FAMILY ACQUISITION STRATEGY. The Company believes that it can
continue to acquire single-family mortgage loans that have a relatively high
yield when compared to the applicable
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risk of loss. In many cases, portions of a pool may be made eligible for
inclusion in Agency pools, which will raise the credit level of the Investment
Portfolio, while preserving the higher yield obtained at the time of purchase.
In addition, the Company may securitize a single-family mortgage loan pool. In
structuring a securitization, the Company generally retains subordinated or
other interests (including, for example, interest only tranches and principal
only tranches). The investment grade tranches typically are not retained.
SINGLE-FAMILY UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES. The Company has developed an
underwriting approval policy to maintain uniform control over the quality of the
single-family mortgage loans it purchases. This policy sets forth a three step
review process: (i) collateral valuation, (ii) credit review, and (iii) property
valuation. Prior to final purchase of a portfolio, a senior manager of the
Company reviews the results of all three underwriting evaluations. The
collateral valuation entails a check on the collateral documents (i.e., the
note, mortgage, title policy and assignment chain). The documents are examined
for conformity among the documents and adherence to secondary market standards.
The credit review involves an analysis of the credit of the borrower, including
an examination of the origination and credit documents, credit report and
payment history. For more seasoned single-family mortgage loans, the analysis
may be more directed at payment histories and credit scores. The property
valuation involves an analysis of the loan-to-value of the collateral, including
an examination of the original appraisal in the context of the current regional
property market conditions and often a drive-by valuation of the subject
property and review of recent comparable sales.
SINGLE-FAMILY SERVICING. Pools of single-family mortgage loans are
purchased with servicing retained or released by the seller. In the case of
pools purchased with servicing retained by the seller, the Company considers the
reputation and the servicing capabilities of the servicer. In some instances,
the Company requires a master servicer to provide the assurance of quality
required. A master servicer provides oversight of its subservicers and stands
ready, and is contractually obligated, to take over the servicing if there is a
problem with the subservicer. In the case of pools purchased with servicing
released, the Company places the servicing with a qualified servicer. In some
cases, the Company may retain the servicing and contract with a qualified
servicer to provide subservicing. In this case, the Company keeps the risk of
ownership of the servicing with respect to any change in value as a result of
prepayment of the underlying single-family mortgage loans or other factors. If
the Company contracts out to a servicer the servicing of a mortgage loan pool,
the servicer's responsibilities would include collection of the borrower's
remittances, proper application of the borrower's remittances to principal,
interest and escrow, remitting collections to the master servicer and remitting
advances to the master servicer on delinquent loans (for principal and interest
only). The master servicer would then remit funds and loan level documentation
to the Company, or if the loan is securitized - to the trustee. The trustee
would then distribute the funds to the certificate holders. Neither the Company
nor any of its affiliates are involved in any single-family servicing
operations.
Commercial Mortgage Loans and Multifamily Mortgage Loans
The Company's affiliate, HCMC, was one of the first commercial mortgage
banking operations to originate multifamily mortgage loans for sale to conduits,
which are financial firms (generally Wall Street firms) that purchase loans on
real estate with the specific intention to convert the underlying mortgages to
securities in the form of bonds. The origination transaction is usually
"table-funded" whereby HCMC does not provide the funds for the mortgage loan
origination but rather the funds are provided by the conduit. From direct
borrower originations and its network of third party brokers, HCMC can provide
multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans of sufficient credit
quality to meet the requirements for securitization, as well as sales to third
party investors and purchases by the Company for the
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Investment Portfolio. Due to low interest spreads, no multifamily mortgage loans
or commercial mortgage loans were purchased by the Company in 1998. However, the
Company originates multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans,
including mortgage loans secured by income-producing commercial properties such
as office, retail, warehouse and mini-storage facilities, through HCMC, and
while HCMC subsequently has sold the mortgage loans to investors, the Company
may in the future hold them in its Investment Portfolio. Management of the
Company believes that the Company has certain competitive advantages in the
commercial mortgage market due to the speed, consistency and flexibility with
which it can act as a vertically integrated company (acting as originator,
servicer, and owner of commercial mortgage loans).
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION PROCESS. The commercial process differs from the
single-family mortgage loan acquisition process because HCMC operates as a
direct originator of loans. HCMC has been engaged in this process since 1992 and
has been an active supplier to the Wall Street conduit/securitization firms,
which are Wall Street dealer firms that have set up a conduit to purchase
multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans from national brokers
and mortgage bankers with the specific intent of issuing commercial
mortgage-backed securities. HCMC has the ability to source new commercial
mortgage loans directly and through brokers, to process and underwrite the loans
to the Company's standards and to service the loans.
COMMERCIAL AND MULTIFAMILY LOAN ACQUISITION/PRODUCTION STRATEGIES. HCMC
adheres to specified underwriting and due diligence requirements for the
origination of multifamily and commercial mortgage loans, such that they will
qualify for sale to third party conduits or for inclusion in securitizations.
HCMC continually monitors the underwriting criteria by contacting rating
agencies and the third party conduit purchasers. In addition to the underwriting
and due diligence completed at the HCMC origination level, a separate credit
committee will approve all multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage
loans purchased by the Company for its Investment Portfolio. To date no
multifamily mortgage loans or commercial mortgage loans have been purchased by
the Company. The Company believes that, with prudent underwriting and due
diligence, combined with the securitization option, it will achieve a
satisfactory reward/risk ratio in purchasing such loans however, there are no
assurances that it will be able to do so.
HCMC originates new multifamily and commercial mortgage loans through
originators that call on brokers, real estate developers and owners. While HCP's
sales representatives concentrate primarily on sourcing pools of single-family
mortgage loans for the Company, they also can find leads for the multifamily and
commercial mortgage loan origination business of HCMC.
COMMERCIAL AND MULTIFAMILY UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES. HCMC's underwriting
guidelines for commercial and multifamily mortgage loans focus on the
origination of loans eligible for securitization. The due diligence process
generally focuses on four main areas: (i) a property level review, (ii) borrower
credit issues, (iii) cash flow structures, and (iv) adequacy of legal
documentation. The property level review begins with a review of the on-site
inspection report and includes an analysis of the third party reports, including
the appraisal, engineering report and environmental report. The borrower credit
issues include an analysis of the borrower's legal structure, a review of
financial statements, past credit history of principals, management's ability
and experience and prior/existing relationships. The cash flow structures
include an analysis of the loan-to-value ratio, the expense ratio, the debt
service coverage, the value per unit, the occupancy levels and the historical
expense records. The legal documentation review includes a review of any changes
to the approved program loan documents, including the note, mortgage,
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reserve agreements, assignments of leases and any borrower certifications. The
program loan documents will be structured in order to meet the requirements of
securitization with respect to such matters as prepayment penalties, recourse
carve-outs and the overall soundness of the documents. In addition, the Company
obtains a "Phase I" environmental site assessment (i.e., generally a record
search with no invasive testing) of the property that will secure a commercial
or multifamily mortgage loan. Depending on the results of the Phase I
assessment, the Company may require a Phase II assessment. The Company's loan
servicing guidelines require that the Company obtain a Phase I assessment (which
includes invasive testing) of any mortgaged property prior to the Company
acquiring title to or assuming operation of the mortgaged property. This
requirement effectively precludes the Company from enforcing the rights under
the mortgage loan until a satisfactory Phase I environmental site assessment is
obtained or until any required remedial action is thereafter taken, but also
decreases the likelihood that the Company will become liable for any material
environmental condition at a mortgaged property.
COMMERCIAL AND MULTIFAMILY MORTGAGE LOAN SERVICING. Upon securitization of
a pool of loans, the credit risk retained by the Company is generally limited to
the Company's net investment in the retained mortgage securities. To control the
credit risk of retained interests in securitized loans, HCMC will retain the
servicing rights on any commercial mortgage loans and multifamily mortgage loans
held in the Investment Portfolio. HCMC may also retain the servicing rights on
loans originated and sold to third party conduits. HCMC, as servicer, will have
the risks associated with operating a mortgage servicing business as well as the
risk of ownership of the servicing.
At December 31, 1998, HCMC serviced approximately $46 million of
multifamily mortgage loans. The servicing of mortgage loans involves processing
and administering the mortgage loan payments for a fee. It involves collecting
mortgage payments on behalf of investors, reporting information to investors and
maintaining escrow accounts for the payment of principal and interest to
investors and property taxes and insurance premiums on behalf of borrowers.
The primary risk of operating a servicing business is failing to service
the loans in accordance with the servicing contracts, which exposes the servicer
to liability for possible losses suffered by the owner of the loans. The
operational requirements include proper handling and accounting for all payment
and escrow amounts, proper borrower and periodic credit reviews, proper value
and property reviews and proper payment of all monies due to third parties, such
as real estate taxing authorities and insurance companies.
The primary risks of ownership of servicing rights include the loss of
value through faster than anticipated loan prepayments (even though there may be
prepayment penalties) or improper servicing as outlined above.
COMMERCIAL MARKET TRENDS. The market for commercial and multifamily
mortgage loans has undergone dramatic changes in recent years with the advent of
securitizations. Financing of income-producing property has evolved from a
traditional two-party lending relationship, with the borrower obtaining funding
from a traditional lending institution, to a market in which lenders with
expertise in the creation of mortgage-backed securities offer borrowers an
alternative source of competitive financing. Securitization involves multiple
parties, each with specialized roles and responsibilities creating profitable
lending opportunities for those with experience in commercial mortgage finance
and the capital markets. Securitizations of commercial and multifamily mortgage
loans have grown rapidly during the 1990's.
The Company believes that success in the commercial market depends on a
vertically integrated strategy, which includes origination of commercial and
multifamily mortgage loans, servicing, securitization and investment in the
retained interests in the security after
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securitization. The Company is structured to take advantage of efficiencies in
such a vertically integrated strategy, which it anticipates will result in
attractive returns to equity. However, there can be no assurance that such
returns will be achieved.
INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO ACQUISITIONS
The Company's core business strategy is to acquire primarily single-family
mortgage loans, securitize the mortgage loans and retain interests therein. The
process for identifying possible mortgage pools in the secondary market for
acquisition, bidding, due diligence and closing is time consuming. Once a bid is
accepted, the process to conclude a successful purchase generally takes 30-60
days depending upon the complexity of each mortgage loan pool purchase.
During the accumulation period (ramp up period subsequent to Hanover's
initial public offering (IPO) in September 1997 to full investment of the
proceeds of the IPO) the Company could not invest exclusively in mortgage loans
and chose to invest a portion of its leveraged capital in Agency ARM securities.
At December 31, 1997 the Company had invested $348,131,000 or 67.3% of the
Company's total assets in Agency ARM securities, and $160,970,000 or 31.1% of
the Company's total assets in mortgage loans.
In October 1998, the Company sold off all of its Agency ARM securities at a
loss of $5,989,000. The sale of these mortgage securities was part of an action
plan taken by Management to reduce leverage and increase liquidity in response
to the severe unanticipated dislocation in the financial markets at that time.
These mortgage securities, never the core business of the Company, suffered from
historically high prepayments, causing accelerated premium amortization and
depressed market pricing.
The core business strategy of purchasing single-family mortgage loans was
initiated in late September 1997 and continued successfully in 1998 with the
purchase of $851.1 million in par value of mortgage loans and the successful
completion of five securitization transactions in 1998.
DUE DILIGENCE AND CONSULTING OPERATIONS
The Company conducts due diligence and consulting operations through HCP
for commercial banks, government agencies, mortgage banks, credit unions and
insurance companies. The operations consist of the underwriting of credit,
analysis of loan documentation and collateral, and analysis of the accuracy of
the accounting for mortgage loans serviced by third party servicers. The due
diligence analyses are performed on a loan by loan basis. Audits of the accuracy
of the interest charged on adjustable rate mortgage loans are frequently a part
of the due diligence services provided to customers. Consulting services include
loan sale advisory work and brokering of mortgage loans for third parties. HCP
also performs due diligence on mortgage loans acquired by the Company. The
Company plans to devote increased attention to enhancing HCP's due diligence and
consulting operations in 1999.
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FINANCING
General
The Company's purchases of mortgage assets are initially financed primarily
with equity and short-term borrowings through reverse repurchase agreements
until long-term financing is arranged as the assets are securitized. Generally,
upon repayment of each borrowing in the form of a reverse repurchase agreement,
the mortgage asset used to collateralize the financing will immediately be
pledged to secure a new reverse repurchase agreement or some form of long term
financing. The Company had established committed and uncommitted mortgage asset
financing agreements from various financial institutions at December 31, 1998
and is currently negotiating additional line of credit agreements with several
other major financial institutions.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
A reverse repurchase agreement ("repo"), although structured as a sale and
repurchase obligation, is a financing transaction in which the Company pledges
its mortgage assets as collateral to secure a short-term loan. Generally, the
other party to the agreement will loan an amount equal to a percentage of the
market value of the pledged collateral, typically 80% to 97%. At the maturity of
the reverse repurchase agreement, the Company is required to repay the loan and
correspondingly receives back its collateral. Under reverse repurchase
agreements, the Company generally retains the incidents of beneficial ownership,
including the right to distributions on the collateral and the right to vote on
matters as to which certificate holders vote. If the Company defaults in a
payment obligation under such agreements, the lending party may liquidate the
collateral.
In the event of the insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, certain
reverse repurchase agreements may qualify for special treatment under the United
States Bankruptcy Code, which permits the creditor to avoid the automatic stay
provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and to foreclose on the collateral without
delay. In the event of the insolvency or bankruptcy of a lender during the term
of a reverse repurchase agreement, the lender may be permitted, under the
Bankruptcy Code, to repudiate the contract, and the Company's claim against the
lender for damages therefrom may be treated simply as that of an unsecured
creditor. In addition, if the lender is a broker or dealer subject to the
Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 or an insured depository institution
subject to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, the Company's ability to exercise
its rights to recover its mortgage assets under a reverse repurchase agreement
or to be compensated for damages resulting from the lender's insolvency may be
limited by those laws. The effect of these various statutes is, among other
things, that a bankrupt lender, or its conservator or receiver, may be permitted
to repudiate or disaffirm its reverse repurchase agreements, and the Company's
claims against the bankrupt lender may be treated as an unsecured claim. Should
this occur, the Company's claims would be subject to significant delay and, if
and when paid, could be in an amount substantially less than the damages
actually suffered by the Company.
To reduce its exposure to the credit risk of reverse repurchase agreements,
the Company enters into arrangements with several different parties. The Company
monitors the financial condition of its reverse repurchase agreement lenders on
a regular basis, including the percentage of its mortgage loans that are the
subject of reverse repurchase agreements with a single lender. Notwithstanding
these measures, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to avoid
such third party risks.
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The reverse repurchase borrowings bear short-term fixed (one year or less)
interest rates varying from LIBOR to LIBOR plus 125 basis points depending on
the credit of the related mortgage assets. Generally, the borrowing agreements
require the Company to deposit additional collateral in the event the market
value of existing collateral declines, which, in dramatically rising
interest-rate markets, could require the Company to sell assets to reduce the
borrowings.
There exists a risk during the initial holding of the mortgage loan assets,
when the mortgage loan assets are financed with repo agreements, that adverse
developments in the mortgage market could cause the repo lenders to reduce the
mark to market on the mortgage loans collateralizing the repo agreements. A
reduction in the repo lender's market value calculations could result in margin
calls that could be in excess of the Company's liquid assets. In this situation,
the Company might be forced to sell other portfolio assets to meet the repo
lender's margin call. There also exists a risk during the initial holding period
of the mortgage loan assets that there might be no demand or very limited demand
for the creation of new mortgage securitizations. If this situation were to
exist for an extended time period, the Company might be forced to maintain repo
financing on its mortgage assets for a longer than intended period, which might
cause repo financing availability to become more scarce and might cause repo
financing terms to become more onerous for the Company.
SECURITIZATION AND SALE PROCESS
General
When the Company acquires a sufficient volume of mortgage loans with
similar characteristics, generally $50 million to $100 million or more, the
Company normally securitizes the mortgage loans through the issuance of
mortgage-backed securities. Such securitization generally will be in the form of
collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") but may also be in the form of
REMICs. Alternatively, to a lesser extent and to the extent consistent with the
Company's qualification as a REIT, the Company may resell loans in bulk whole
loan sales. The length of time from when the Company commits to purchase a
mortgage loan to when it sells or securitizes the loan will generally range from
30 days to one year or more, depending on certain factors, including the length
of the purchase commitment period, the amount and type of the mortgage loan, and
the securitization process. Any decision by the Company to issue CMOs or REMICs
or to sell mortgage loans in bulk will be influenced by a variety of factors.
For accounting and tax purposes, mortgage loans financed through the
issuance of CMOs are treated as assets of the Company, and the CMOs are treated
as debt of the Company. The Company earns the net interest spread between the
interest income on the mortgage loans and the interest and other expenses
associated with the CMO financing. The net interest spread will be directly
affected by prepayments of the underlying mortgage loans and, to the extent the
CMOs have variable interest, may be affected by changes in short-term
interest rates.
The Company may from time to time issue REMICs. REMIC transactions are
generally accounted for as sales of the mortgage loans for tax purposes and can
be accounted for as sales or financing for accounting purposes depending upon
various criteria. REMIC securities consist of one or more classes of "regular
interests" and a single "residual interest". The regular interests are tailored
to the needs of investors and may be issued in multiple classes with varying
maturities, average lives and interest rates. These regular interests are
predominantly senior securities but, in conjunction with providing credit
enhancement, may be subordinated to the
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rights of other regular interests. The residual interest represents the
remainder of the cash flows from the underlying mortgage loans over the amounts
required to be distributed on the regular interests. In some cases, the regular
interests may be structured so that there is no significant residual cash flow.
In such a REMIC transaction, the Company sells its entire interest in the
mortgage loans, and all of the capital originally invested in the mortgage loans
may be redeployed. The Company may retain regular and residual interests on a
short-term or long-term basis. Income from REMIC issuances is not treated as
REIT qualifying income. Accordingly, REMIC issuances are not Hanover's primary
securitization technique and will generally be undertaken through the taxable
subsidiaries.
The Company expects that its retained interests in securitizations will be
subordinated to the securities issued to third party investors with respect to
losses of principal and interest on the underlying mortgage loans. Accordingly,
any such losses on underlying mortgage loans will be applied first to reduce the
remaining amount of the Company's retained interest, until reduced to zero. Any
retained regular interest may include "principal only" or "interest only"
securities or other interest rate or prepayment sensitive securities or
investments. Any retained securities may subject the Company to credit, interest
rate and/or prepayment risks. The Company anticipates it will retain securities
only on terms which it believes are sufficiently attractive to compensate it for
assuming the associated risks.
The Company may also retain subordinated mortgage backed securities, with
ratings ranging from AA to unrated, generally fixed-rate. The fixed-rate
securities generally evidence interests in 30-year single-family mortgage loans.
Securities backed by multifamily mortgage loans and commercial loans are
generally interests in 7 or 10 year balloon loans with 25 or 30 year
amortization schedules. In general, subordinated classes bear all losses prior
to the related senior classes. Losses in excess of losses anticipated at the
time subordinated securities are purchased would adversely affect the Company's
yield on the securities and, in extreme circumstances, could result in the
failure of the Company to recoup its initial investment.
Except in the case of breach of the representations and warranties made by
the Company when mortgage loans are securitized, the securitization of mortgage
loans will be non-recourse to the Company. As a result, the Company is able to
maintain the economic benefit of financing the mortgage assets and earning a
positive net interest spread, while limiting its potential risk of credit loss
to its investment in the subordinated or residual securities (generally
approximately 5% to 10% of the loan pool amount). A second advantage to the CMO
structure is that it is permanent financing and, therefore, not subject to
margin calls during periods in which the value of the pool assets is declining
due to increases in interest rates.
The Company may also pay a monoline bond insurer a monthly fee to assume a
portion of the credit risk in a pool of mortgage loans. The monoline insurer
would generally require the issuer to retain a portion of the credit risk and
over-collateralize a particular pool of mortgage loans.
Proceeds from securitizations will be available to support new loan
originations and acquisitions. In addition to providing relatively less
expensive long-term financing, Management believes that the Company's
securitizations will reduce the Company's interest rate risk on mortgage assets
held for long-term investment.
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Credit Enhancement
CMOs or REMICs created by the Company are structured so that one or more of
the classes of the securities are rated investment grade by at least one
nationally recognized rating agency. The ratings for the Company's mortgage
assets will be based on the rating agency's view of the perceived credit risk of
the underlying mortgage loans, the structure of the mortgage assets and the
associated level of credit enhancement. Credit enhancement is designed to
provide protection to the holders of the securities in the event of borrower
defaults and other losses including reductions in the principal or interest as
required by law or a bankruptcy court. The Company can utilize multiple forms of
credit enhancement, including special hazard insurance, monoline insurance,
reserve funds, letters of credit, surety bonds and subordination or any
combination thereof. A decline in the credit quality of the mortgage loans
backing any mortgage securities or of any third party providing credit
enhancement, or adverse developments in general economic trends affecting real
estate values or the mortgage industry, could result in ratings being
downgraded.
In determining whether to provide credit enhancement, the Company takes
into consideration the costs associated with each method. The Company generally
provides credit enhancement through the issuance of mortgage-backed securities
in senior/subordinated structures or by over-collaterization of its mortgage
assets. The need for additional collateral or other credit enhancements will
depend upon factors such as the type of collateral provided and the
interest rates paid thereon, the geographic concentration of the mortgaged
property and other criteria established by the rating agency. The pledge of
additional collateral would reduce the capacity of the Company to raise
additional funds through short-term secured borrowings or additional CMOs and
will diminish the potential expansion of the Investment Portfolio. Accordingly,
collateral would be pledged for CMOs only in the amount required to obtain the
highest rating category of a nationally-recognized rating agency. The
subordinated mortgage securities may be sold, retained by the Company or
accumulated for sale in subsequent transactions.
Other Mortgage-Backed Securities
As an additional alternative for the financing of the Investment Portfolio,
the Company may cause to be issued other mortgage-backed securities if the
issuance of such other securities is advantageous and consistent with the
Company's qualification as a REIT. In particular, mortgage pass-through
certificates representing undivided interests in pools of mortgage loans formed
by the Company may prove to be attractive vehicles for raising funds.
The holders of mortgage pass-through certificates receive their pro rata
share of the principal payments made on a pool of mortgage loans and interest at
a pass-through interest rate that is fixed at the time of the offering. The
Company intends to retain significant portions of the undivided interests in the
mortgage loans underlying pass-through certificates. The retained interest may
also be subordinated so that, in the event of a loss, payments to certificate
holders will be made before the Company receives its payments. Unlike the
issuance of CMOs, the issuance of mortgage pass-through certificates will not
create an obligation of the Company to security holders in the event of a
borrower default. However, as in the case of CMOs, the Company may be required
to obtain credit enhancement in order to obtain a rating for the mortgage
pass-through certificates in one of the top two rating categories established by
a nationally-recognized rating agency.
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Capital Allocation Guidelines (CAG)
The Company has adopted capital allocation guidelines ("CAG") in order to
strike a balance between the under-utilization of leverage and excess dependence
on leverage, which could reduce the Company's ability to meet its obligations
during adverse market conditions. Modifications to the CAG require the approval
of a majority of the Company's Board of Directors. The CAG are intended to keep
the Company's leverage balanced by (i) matching the amount of leverage to the
riskiness (return and liquidity) of each mortgage asset, and (ii) monitoring the
credit and prepayment performance of each mortgage asset to adjust the required
capital. This analysis takes into account the Company's various hedging and
other risk containment programs discussed below. In this way, the use of balance
sheet leverage is optimized through the implementation of the CAG controls. The
lender haircut indicates the minimum amount of equity the lender requires with a
mortgage asset. There is some variation in haircut levels among lenders from
time to time. From the lender's perspective, the haircut is a "cushion" to
protect capital in case the borrower is unable to meet a margin call. The size
of the haircut depends on the liquidity and price volatility of each mortgage
asset. Agency securities are very liquid, with price volatility in line with the
fixed income markets, which means a lender requires a smaller haircut, typically
3%. On the other extreme, securities rated below "AAA" and securities not
registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission are substantially less
liquid, and have more price volatility than Agency securities, which results in
a lender requiring a larger haircut (5% to 40% depending on the rating).
Particular securities that are performing below expectations would also
typically require a larger haircut. The haircut for residential whole loan pools
will generally range between 3% and 5% depending on the documentation and
delinquency characteristics of the pool. Certain whole loan pools may have
haircuts which may be negotiated with lenders in excess of 5% due to other
attributes of the pool (delinquencies, aging, liens etc.).
Implementation of the CAG -- Mark to Market Accounting
Each quarter, for financial management purposes, the Company marks its
mortgage assets to market. This process consists of (i) valuing the Company's
mortgage assets acquired in the secondary market, and (ii) valuing the Company's
non-security investments, such as retained interests in securitizations. For the
purchased mortgage assets, the Company obtains benchmark market quotes from
traders who make markets in securities similar in nature to the mortgage assets.
The Company then adjusts for the difference in pricing between securities and
whole loan pools. Market values for the Company's retained interests in
securitizations are calculated internally using market assumptions for losses,
prepayments and discount rates.
The face amount of the financing used for the securities and retained
interests is subtracted from the current market value of the mortgage assets.
This is the current market value of the Company's equity positions. This value
is compared to the required capital as determined by the CAG. If the actual
equity of the Company falls below the capital required by the CAG, the Company
must prepare a plan to bring the actual capital above the level required by the
CAG.
Periodically, Management presents to the Board of Directors the results of
the CAG compared to actual equity. Management may propose changing the capital
required for a class of investments or for an individual investment based on its
prepayment and credit performance relative to the market and the ability of the
Company to predict or hedge the risk of the mortgage asset.
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As a result of these procedures, the leverage of the balance sheet will
change with the performance of the Company's mortgage assets. Good credit or
prepayment performance may release equity for purchase of additional mortgage
assets, leading to increased earnings. Poor credit or prepayment performance may
cause additional equity to be allocated to existing investments, forcing a
reduction in mortgage assets on the balance sheet and lower future earnings. In
either case, the constant mortgage asset performance evaluation, along with the
corresponding leverage adjustments, should help to maintain the maximum
acceptable leverage (and earnings) while protecting the capital base of the
Company.
RISK MANAGEMENT
The Company believes that its portfolio income is subject to three primary
risks: credit risk, interest rate risk and prepayment risk.
Credit Risk Management
The Company reduces credit risk through (i) the review of each
single-family or commercial mortgage loan prior to purchase to ensure that it
meets the guidelines established by the Company, (ii) use of early intervention,
aggressive collection and loss mitigation techniques in the servicing process,
(iii) use of insurance in the securitization process, (iv) maintenance of
appropriate capital and reserve levels, and (v) obtaining representations and
warranties, to the extent possible, from originators. Although the Company does
not set specific geographic diversification requirements, the Company closely
monitors the geographic dispersion of the mortgage loans and makes decisions on
a portfolio by portfolio basis about adding to specific concentrations.
Commercial mortgage loans that the Company may acquire from HCMC are
subject to underwriting standards established by the Company. These underwriting
standards reflect the experience of HCMC in its past originations as well as the
requirements of the rating agencies for commercial mortgage loans. The credit
underwriting includes a financial and credit check of the borrower, technical
reports including appraisal, engineering and environmental reports, as well as a
review of the economic status of the geographic area where the mortgaged
property is located. In addition, a separate credit sign-off is required before
commercial mortgage loans can be transferred to the Company's Investment
Portfolio from HCMC. The commercial mortgage loans in the Investment Portfolio
will be monitored by the servicing department of HCMC, which includes a periodic
review of financial statements of the mortgaged property as well as property
inspections.
Single-family mortgage loans are generally purchased in bulk pools of $2
million to $100 million. The credit underwriting process varies depending on the
pool characteristics, including seasoning, loan-to-value ratios and payment
histories. For a new pool of single-family mortgage loans, a full due diligence
review is undertaken, including a review of the documentation, appraisal reports
and credit underwriting. Where required, an updated property valuation is
obtained. The bulk of the work is performed by employees in the due diligence
operations of HCP.
Interest Rate Risk Management
For accounting purposes, the Company has three basic types of mortgage
loans: (i) mortgage loans held for sale, (ii) mortgage loans held to maturity
and (iii) mortgage loans held in securitized form. Fixed rate mortgage loans
held for sale are generally hedged. A variety of hedging instruments may be
used, depending on the asset or liability to be hedged and the
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relative price of the various hedging instruments. Possible hedging instruments
include forward sales of mortgage securities, and may also include interest rate
futures or options, interest rate swaps, and caps and floor agreements. Mortgage
loans held in securitized form are generally financed in a manner designed to
maintain a consistent spread in a variety of interest rate environments and
therefore do not require any hedging.
The Company may purchase interest rate caps, interest rate swaps and
similar instruments to attempt to mitigate the risk of the cost of its variable
rate liabilities increasing at a faster rate than the earnings on its mortgage
assets during a period of rising interest rates. The Company generally hedges as
much of the interest rate risk as management determines is reasonable, given
the cost of such hedging transactions and the need to maintain the Company's
status as a REIT, among other factors. The Company may also, to the extent
consistent with its qualification as a REIT and Maryland law, utilize financial
futures contracts, options and forward contracts and other instruments as a
hedge against future interest rate changes. See "Business - Hedging."
Prepayment Risk Management
With respect to commercial and multifamily mortgage loans, the Company will
seek to minimize the effects of faster or slower than anticipated prepayment
rates by acquiring originated mortgage loans from HCMC with prepayment penalties
and utilizing various financial hedging instruments. Prepayment risk is
monitored by senior management and through periodic review of the impact of a
variety of prepayment scenarios on the Company's revenues, net earnings,
dividends, cash flow and net balance sheet market value.
Although the Company believes it has developed a cost-effective
asset/liability management program to provide a level of protection against
interest rate and prepayment risks, no strategy can completely insulate the
Company from the effects of interest rate changes, prepayments and defaults by
counterparties. Further, certain of the Federal income tax requirements that the
Company must satisfy to qualify as a REIT limit the Company's ability to fully
hedge its interest rate and prepayment risks.
HEDGING
Investment Portfolio
The Company's primary method of addressing interest rate risk on its
mortgage assets is through its strategy of securitizing mortgage loans with
collateralized mortgage obligation ("CMO") borrowings or REMIC financing, which
are designed to provide long term financing while maintaining a consistent
spread in a variety of interest rate environments. The Company believes that its
primary interest rate risk relates to mortgage assets that are financed with
reverse repurchase agreements and are held for securitization.
The Company uses certain hedging strategies in connection with the
management of the Investment Portfolio. To the extent consistent with the
Company's REIT status, the Company follows a hedging program intended to protect
against interest rate changes and to enable the Company to earn net interest
income in periods of generally rising, as well as declining or static, interest
rates. Specifically, the goal of the hedging program is to offset the potential
adverse effects of changes in interest rates relative to the interest rates of
the mortgage assets held in the Investment Portfolio. As part of its hedging
program, the Company also monitors prepayment risks that arise in fluctuating
interest rate environments.
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<PAGE> 23
The Company may use a variety of instruments in its hedging program. One
example currently used is an interest rate cap. In a typical interest rate cap
agreement, the cap purchaser makes an initial lump sum cash payment to the cap
seller in exchange for the seller's promise to make cash payments to the
purchaser on fixed dates during the contract term if prevailing interest rates
exceed the rate specified in the contract. The Company may also use, but as yet
has not used, mortgage derivative securities. Mortgage derivative securities can
be used as effective hedging instruments in certain situations as the value and
yields of some of these instruments tend to increase as interest rates rise and
to decrease as interest rates decline, while the experience for others is the
converse. The Company will limit its purchases of mortgage derivative securities
to investments that meet REIT requirements. To a lesser extent, the Company may
also enter into, but again has not entered into, interest rate swap agreements,
financial futures contracts and options on financial futures contracts, and
forward contracts. However, the Company will not invest in these instruments
unless the Company is exempt from the registration requirements of the Commodity
Exchange Act or otherwise complies with the provisions of that Act. The REIT
rules may restrict the Company's ability to purchase certain instruments and may
restrict the Company's ability to employ other strategies. In all its hedging
transactions, the Company deals only with counterparties that the Company
believes are sound credit risks.
In connection with securitizations of mortgage loans, the Company is
subject to the risk of rising mortgage interest rates between the time it
commits to a fixed price purchase and the time it sells or securitizes the
mortgage loans. To mitigate this risk, the Company currently utilizes interest
rate caps and forward sales of Agency mortgage securities and may utilize other
hedging strategies, including mandatory and optional forward selling of mortgage
loans or mortgage-backed securities, interest rate floors, and buying and
selling of futures and options on futures. The nature and quantity of these
hedging transactions is determined by the management of the Company based on
various factors, including market conditions and expected volume of mortgage
loan purchases.
As of December 31, 1998, the Company had entered into the following hedging
mechanisms: forward sales of Agency mortgage securities and interest rate caps.
The forward sales of Agency mortgage securities are used to provide hedge
protection against potential changes in the market value of certain of the
Company's fixed rate mortgage loan portfolio, due to potential changes in
current market interest rates. The Company only hedges its fixed rate mortgage
loan pools by selling short similar coupon and duration matched Agency
securities, usually for 30 to 60 day periods. This hedging of mortgage assets
should, if properly executed, adjust the carrying value of the hedged fixed
mortgage loan pools to reflect current market pricing. The costs of the
individual hedging transactions can vary greatly depending upon market
conditions. Net hedging costs of fixed rate mortgage pools were $541,000,
$1,287,000, $2,632,000 and $1,091,000 in the first, second, third and fourth
quarters of 1998, respectively. Management is satisfied that the Company's
hedging program has been utilized effectively as no charges relating to the
impairment of mortgage loans were booked in 1998.
The Company also enters into interest rate hedge mechanisms (interest rate
caps) to manage its interest rate exposure on certain reverse repurchase
agreement financing. The cost of the interest rate caps is amortized over the
life of the interest rate cap and is reflected as a portion of interest expense
in the consolidated statement of operations.
The FASB issued SFAS 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities ("SFAS 133") in June 1998. SFAS 133 establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative
instruments imbedded in other contracts and for hedging activities. SFAS is
effective for fiscal quarters beginning after June 15, 1993. Management's
preliminary evaluation of SFAS 133 indicates the implementation of SFAS 133 will
not result in any material changes to the Company's consolidated statement of
operations.
23
<PAGE> 24
Costs and Limitations
The Company believes that it has implemented a cost-effective hedging
policy to provide an adequate level of protection against interest rate risks.
However, maintaining an effective hedging strategy is complex, and no hedging
strategy can completely insulate the Company from interest rate risks. Moreover,
as noted above, certain of the REIT rules limit the Company's ability to fully
hedge its interest rate risks. The Company monitors carefully, and may have to
limit, its hedging strategies to assure that it does not violate the REIT rules,
which could result in disqualification and/or payment of penalties.
In addition, hedging involves transaction and other costs, which can
increase dramatically as the period covered by the hedge increases and also
increase in periods of rising and fluctuating interest rates. Therefore, the
Company may be prevented from effectively hedging its interest rate risks
without significantly reducing the Company's return on equity.
SERVICING RIGHTS
Whether servicing is purchased by the Company (along with purchased
single-family mortgage loans or purchased multifamily mortgage loans and
commercial mortgage loans) or created by HCMC (by the origination of multifamily
mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans), a value is placed on the
servicing as a purchased mortgage servicing right ("PMSR") or an originated
mortgage servicing right ("OMSR"), as the case may be, and recorded as an asset
on the books of the respective entity.
The valuation of a PMSR and an OMSR includes an analysis of the
characteristics of the size, rate, escrow amounts, type, maturity, etc. of the
loan, as well as an estimate of the mortgage loan's remaining life. To the
extent the characteristics change or the estimate of remaining life changes, the
value of the PMSR or OMSR will be adjusted. For example, if mortgage loans are
repaid more quickly than originally forecasted (increased speed), the value of
the OMSR or PMSR will be reduced.
REGULATION
HCMC has mortgage-banking licenses in Arizona, Illinois, New Jersey, and
Wisconsin. In addition, the Company's activities are subject to the rules and
regulations of HUD. Mortgage operations also may be subject to applicable state
usury and collection statutes.
HCS is a registered broker/dealer with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
COMPETITION
The Company participates on a national level in the mortgage market, which
is estimated at $3.8 trillion for single-family mortgage loans and $1.0 trillion
for multifamily mortgage loans and commercial loans. In purchasing mortgage
loans and issuing mortgage-backed securities, the Company competes with other
REITs, established mortgage conduit programs, investment banking firms, savings
and loan associations, banks, thrift and loan associations, finance companies,
mortgage bankers, insurance companies, other lenders and other entities
purchasing mortgage assets. In addition, there are several mortgage REITs
similar to the Company and others may be organized in the future. Continued
consolidation in the mortgage banking industry may reduce the number of sellers
of mortgage loans, which would reduce the Company's potential customer base and
result in the Company purchasing a larger percentage of
24
<PAGE> 25
mortgage loans from a smaller number of sellers. These changes could negatively
impact the Company. As an issuer of mortgage securities, the Company will face
competition for investors from other investment opportunities.
Increasingly, mortgage lending is being conducted by mortgage lenders who
specialize in the origination and servicing of mortgage loans and then sell
these loans to other mortgage investment institutions, such as the Company. The
Company believes it has a competitive advantage because of the low cost of its
operations relative to traditional mortgage investors such as banks and savings
and loans. Like traditional financial institutions, the Company seeks to
generate income for distribution to its shareholders primarily from the
difference between the interest income on its mortgage assets and the financing
costs associated with carrying the mortgage assets.
EMPLOYEES
The Company had four employees (the "Principals") at December 31, 1998. The
Principals became employees of the Company as of January 1, 1998. The Company
engages the services of HCP to provide management expertise, product sourcing,
due diligence support, and general and administrative services to assist the
Company in accomplishing its business objectives. At December 31, 1998, HCP
employed 50 people on a full-time basis and 40 people on a part-time basis. HCP
periodically hires additional employees on a temporary basis to perform due
diligence and consulting service work on specific engagements. HCP maintains a
database of approximately 500 individuals that can be employed for due diligence
and consulting engagements. To date, the Company and its subsidiaries believe
they have been successful in their efforts to recruit qualified employees, but
there is no assurance that it will continue to be successful in the future. None
of the employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements.
SERVICE MARKS
HCP owns two service marks that have been registered with the United States
Patent and Trademark Office, each of which expires in the year 2003.
FUTURE REVISIONS IN POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
The Board of Directors has established the Company's investment and
operating policies, which can be revised only with the approval of the Board of
Directors, including a majority of the unaffiliated directors. Except as
otherwise restricted, the Board of Directors may revise the policies without the
consent of stockholders if the Board of Directors determines that the change is
in the best interests of stockholders. Developments in the market which affect
the policies and strategies mentioned herein or which change the Company's
assessment of the market may cause the Board of Directors to revise the
Company's policies and financing strategies.
The Company has elected to qualify as a REIT for tax purposes (see "Federal
Income Tax Considerations"). The Company has adopted certain compliance
guidelines which include restrictions on the acquisition, holding and sale of
assets. Prior to the acquisition of any asset, the Company determines whether
the asset meets REIT requirements. Substantially all of the assets that the
Company has acquired and will acquire for investment are expected to qualify as
REIT assets. This requirement limits the Company's investment strategies.
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<PAGE> 26
The Company closely monitors its purchases of mortgage assets and the
sources of its income, including from its hedging strategies, to ensure at all
times that it maintains its qualifications as a REIT. The Company has developed
certain accounting systems and testing procedures to facilitate its ongoing
compliance with the REIT provisions of the Code. No changes in the Company's
investment policies and operating strategies, including credit criteria for
mortgage asset investments, may be made without the approval of the Company's
Board of Directors, including a majority of the unaffiliated directors.
The Company intends to conduct its business so as not to become regulated
as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The
Investment Company Act exempts entities that are "primarily engaged in the
business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and
interests in real estate" ("Qualifying Interests"). Under current interpretation
of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in order to qualify for
this exemption, the Company must maintain at least 55% of its assets directly in
Qualifying Interests. In addition, unless certain mortgage securities represent
all the securities issued with respect to an underlying pool of mortgages, the
securities may be treated as securities separate from the underlying mortgage
pool and, thus, may not be considered Qualifying Interests for purposes of the
55% requirement. The Company closely monitors its compliance with this
requirement and intends to maintain its exempt status. As of this date, the
Company has been able to maintain its exemption through the purchase of mortgage
loan pools and certain whole pool government Agency securities that qualify for
the exemption.
A REIT is subject to a 100% tax on the net income from prohibited
transactions. The only "prohibited transaction" is the sale or disposition of
property, that is not foreclosure property, held primarily for sale to customers
in the ordinary course of a trade or business. Management believes that none of
the 1998 sales transactions would be classified as prohibited transactions.
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<PAGE> 27
RELATIONSHIPS WITH AFFILIATES AND PRIOR BUSINESS
HCP has rendered asset management services in connection with the
short-term trading of seasoned (more than one year since origination)
single-family mortgage loans since 1995. In managing mortgage activities, HCP
typically targeted mortgage loan pools containing subprime single-family
mortgage loans with deficiencies that could be corrected so as to permit resales
on favorable terms. In managing sale activities, HCP generally had pursued a
strategy of selling single-family mortgage loans within eighteen months after
their acquisition. The Company, on the other hand, generally holds mortgage
loans on a long-term basis, so that returns are earned over the lives of
mortgage loans rather than from their sales.
In the past, HCP has engaged in single-family mortgage loan acquisition,
financing, hedging and sale activities pursuant to private management
arrangements with (i) Alpine Associates, a Limited Partnership ("Alpine
Associates"), (ii) a limited liability company formed by HCP, Alpine Associates
and an affiliate of Bankers Trust New York Corp. and (iii) certain affiliates of
Bankers Trust New York Corp. The objective in each of those arrangements was to
profit from purchasing and reselling mortgage loans rather than, as in the case
of the Company, from holding, financing and securitizing mortgage loans.
After the closing of the initial public offering in September 1997, the
Company acquired an Investment Portfolio, the composition of which has changed
over time. HCP has continued to conduct the due diligence and consulting
operations and, in addition, support the Company's acquisition and investment
activities by providing due diligence services to the Company. HCMC has
continued to originate, sell and service multifamily mortgage loans and
commercial mortgage loans and, in addition, may in the future support the
Company's acquisition and investment activities by serving as a source of
multifamily mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans. HCS facilitates the
Company's trading activities by acting as a broker/dealer.
MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Effective as of January 1, 1998, Hanover entered into a Management
Agreement (the "Management Agreement") with HCP. Under this agreement, HCP,
subject to the direction and control of Hanover's Board of Directors, provides
certain services for Hanover, including, among other things: (i) serving as
Hanover's consultant with respect to formulation of investment criteria and
preparation of policy guidelines by the Board of Directors; (ii) assisting
Hanover in developing criteria for the purchase of mortgage assets that are
specifically tailored to Hanover's investment objectives; (iii) representing
Hanover in connection with the purchase and commitment to purchase or sell
mortgage assets; (iv) arranging for the issuance of mortgage securities from a
pool of mortgage loans; (v) furnishing reports and statistical and economic
research to Hanover regarding Hanover's activities and the services performed
for Hanover by HCP; (vi) monitoring and providing to the Board of Directors on
an ongoing basis price information and other data; (vii) investing or
reinvesting any money of Hanover in accordance with its policies and procedures
and the terms and conditions of the Management Agreement; (viii) providing the
executive and administrative personnel office space and services required in
rendering such services to Hanover; and (ix) administering the day-to-day
operations of Hanover. For these services, Hanover pays HCP for each month an
amount equal to the sum of (a) the wages and salaries of the personnel employed
by HCP and/or its affiliates (other than independent contractors and other third
parties rendering due diligence services in connection with the acquisition of
any mortgage assets) apportioned to Hanover for such month, plus (b) twenty-five
percent (25%) of (a). Hanover also is required to pay HCP for each month an
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<PAGE> 28
amount equal to the sum of (c) the expenses of HCP for any due diligence
services provided by independent contractors and other third parties in
connection with the acquisition of any mortgage assets during such month plus
(d) three percent (3%) of (c). Any amount that may become payable by HCP to
Hanover for any services provided by Hanover to HCP, including the services of
the Principals, is offset against amounts payable to HCP.
Subject to other contractual limitations, the Management Agreement does not
prevent HCP from acting as an investment advisor or manager for any other
person, firm or corporation. The term of the Management Agreement continues
until December 31, 1999 and thereafter is automatically renewed for successive
one year periods unless the unaffiliated directors resolve to terminate the
Management Agreement.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
General
Hanover has elected to be treated as a REIT for tax purposes. In brief, if
certain detailed conditions imposed by the REIT provisions of the Code are met,
entities that invest primarily in real estate investments and mortgage loans,
and that otherwise would be taxed as corporations are, with certain limited
exceptions, not taxed at the corporate level on their taxable income that is
currently distributed to their shareholders. This treatment eliminates most of
the "double taxation" (at the corporate level and then again at the shareholder
level when the income is distributed) that typically results from the use of
corporate investment vehicles. In the event that Hanover does not qualify as a
REIT in any year, it would be subject to Federal income tax as a domestic
corporation and the amount of Hanover's after-tax cash available for
distribution to its shareholders would be reduced. Hanover believes it has
satisfied the requirements for qualification as a REIT since commencement of its
operations in September 1997. Hanover intends at all times to continue to comply
with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code, as described
below.
Requirements for Qualification as a REIT
To qualify for tax treatment as a REIT under the Code, Hanover must meet
certain tests which are described briefly below.
Ownership of Common Stock
For all taxable years after its first taxable year, Hanover's shares of
capital stock must be held by a minimum of 100 persons for at least 335 days of
a 12 month year (or a proportionate part of a short tax year). In addition, at
all times during the second half of each taxable year, no more than 50% in value
of the capital stock of Hanover may be owned directly or indirectly by five or
fewer individuals. Hanover is required to maintain records regarding the actual
and constructive ownership of its shares, and other information, and to demand
statements from persons owning above a specified level of the REITs shares (if
Hanover has 200 or fewer shareholders of record, from persons holding 0.5% or
more of Hanover's outstanding shares of capital stock) regarding their ownership
of shares. Hanover must keep a list of those shareholders who fail to reply to
such a demand. Hanover is required to use and does use the calendar year as its
taxable year for income.
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<PAGE> 29
Nature of Assets
On the last day of each calendar quarter, Hanover must satisfy three tests
relating to the nature of its assets. First, at least 75% of the value of
Hanover's assets must consist of mortgage loans, certain interests in mortgage
loans, real estate, certain interests in real estate (the foregoing, "Qualified
REIT Assets"), government securities, cash and cash items. Hanover expects that
substantially all of its assets will continue to be Qualified REIT Assets.
Second, not more than 25% of Hanover's assets may consist of securities that do
not qualify under the 75% asset test. Third, of the investments in securities
not included in the 75% asset test, the value of any one issuer's securities may
not exceed 5% by value of Hanover's total assets, and Hanover may not own more
than 10% of any one issuer's outstanding voting securities. Pursuant to its
compliance guidelines, Hanover intends to monitor closely the purchase and
holding of its assets in order to comply with the above asset tests.
Sources of Income
Hanover must meet the following two separate income-based tests each year:
1. 75% INCOME TEST. At least 75% of Hanover's gross income for the taxable
year must be derived from Qualified REIT Assets including interest on
obligations secured by mortgages on real property or interests in real property.
During the first year of operations certain temporary investment income will
also qualify under the 75% income test. The investments that Hanover has made
and will continue to make will give rise primarily to mortgage interest
qualifying under the 75% income test.
2. 95% INCOME TEST. In addition to deriving 75% of its gross income from
the sources listed above, at least an additional 20% of Hanover's gross income
for the taxable year must be derived from those sources, or from dividends,
interest or gains from the sale or disposition of stock or other securities that
are not dealer property. Hanover intends to limit substantially all of the
assets that it acquires to Qualified REIT Assets. The policy of Hanover to
maintain REIT status may limit the types of assets, including hedging contracts
and other securities, that Hanover otherwise might acquire.
Distributions
Hanover must distribute to its shareholders on a pro rata basis each year
an amount equal to at least (i) 95% of its taxable income before deduction of
dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, plus (ii) 95% of the excess of
the net income from foreclosure property over the tax imposed on such income by
the Code, less (iii) certain "excess noncash income". Hanover intends to make
distributions to its shareholders in sufficient amounts to meet this 95%
distribution requirement.
Taxation of Hanover's Shareholders
For any taxable year in which Hanover is treated as a REIT for Federal
income tax purposes, amounts distributed by Hanover to its shareholders out of
current or accumulated earnings and profits will be includable by the
shareholders as ordinary income for Federal income tax purposes unless properly
designated by Hanover as capital gain dividends. Distributions of Hanover will
not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporations.
Shareholders may not
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<PAGE> 30
deduct any net operating losses or capital losses of Hanover. Any loss on the
sale or exchange of shares of the common stock of Hanover held by a shareholder
for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent
of any capital gain dividends received on the common stock held by such
shareholder.
If Hanover makes distributions to its shareholders in excess of its current
and accumulated earnings and profits, those distributions will be considered
first a tax-free return of capital, reducing the tax basis of a shareholder's
shares until the tax basis is zero. Such distributions in excess of the tax
basis will be taxable as gain realized from the sale of Hanover's shares.
Hanover will withhold 30% of dividend distributions to shareholders that Hanover
knows to be foreign persons unless the shareholder provides Hanover with a
properly completed IRS form claiming a reduced withholding rate under an
applicable income tax treaty.
Under the Code, if a portion of Hanover's assets were treated as a taxable
mortgage pool or if Hanover were to hold REMIC residual interests, a portion of
Hanover's dividends would be treated as unrelated business taxable income
("UBTI") for pension plans and other tax exempt entities. Hanover believes that
it has not engaged in activities that would cause any portion of Hanover's
income to be taxable as UBTI for pension plans and similar tax exempt
shareholders. Hanover believes that its shares of stock will be treated as
publicly offered securities under the plan asset rules of the Employment
Retirement Income Security Act ("ERISA") for Qualified Plans.
The provisions of the Code are highly technical and complex and are subject
to amendment and interpretation from time to time. This summary is not intended
to be a detailed discussion of all applicable provisions of the Code, the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder, or the administrative and judicial
interpretations thereof. Hanover has not obtained a ruling from the Internal
Revenue Service with respect to tax considerations relevant to its organization
or operations.
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<PAGE> 31
ITEM 2: PROPERTIES
The Company's and its unconsolidated subsidiaries operations are conducted
in several leased office facilities throughout the United States. A summary of
the office leases is shown below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OFFICE MINIMUM
SPACE ANNUAL EXPIRATION
LOCATION (SQ. FT.) RENTAL DATE OFFICE USE
-------- --------- -------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
New York, New York (a) 7,863 $158,800 July 2009 Executive, Administration,
Accounting, Investment
Operations
Edison, New Jersey 5,834 75,900 June 2002 Accounting, Administration, Due
Diligence Operations, Mortgage
Loan Servicing, Investment
Operations
Edison, New Jersey 1,182 25,000 August 2002 Due Diligence Operations
Chicago, Illinois (b) 1,151 49,500 February 2004 Due Diligence Operations,
Investment Operations
St. Louis, Missouri 1,007 22,200 August 2001 Mortgage Origination Operations
Rockland, Massachusetts 300 6,000 Month to Month Investment Operations
St. Paul, Minnesota 150 6,000 August 1999 Investment Operations
------ --------
Total: 17,487 $343,400
====== ========
</TABLE>
(a) HCP entered into an amendment to the existing office lease in December 1998
to relocate from its existing office space (2,328 sq. ft.) to larger office
space (7,863 sq. ft.) in the same office building; the new office space is
expected to be ready for occupancy once the construction of the space is
completed (May 1999); the above minimum annual rent reflects 4 months of
base rental costs for the existing office space and 8 months of base rental
costs for the new office space.
(b) HCP entered into a new lease for office space (1,151 sq. ft.) effective
February 1999; HCP is still obligated on its existing office lease (3,905
sq. ft.) through June 1999; the above minimum annual rent reflects 6 months
of base rental costs for the existing office space and 10 months of base
rental costs for the new office space.
Management of the Company believes that these facilities are adequate for
the Company's and its unconsolidated subsidiaries foreseeable office space needs
and that lease renewals and/or alternate space at comparable rental rates is
available, if necessary.
ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is not engaged in any material legal proceeding. However, an
affiliate of the Company, HCMC, was a party to the legal proceeding described
below.
In November 1998, HCMC made a payment of $20,000 to Quarters on Melody Lane
Partnership ("Quarters") in full and final settlement of a lawsuit brought
against HCMC by Quarters in 1997, in the District Court in Dallas County, Texas
(titled Quarters on Melody Lane Partnership v. Hanover Capital Mortgage
Corporation et al.).
In a letter dated December 1996, Quarters threatened to sue HCMC and others
unless Quarters was permitted to repay a multifamily mortgage loan, which had
been originated by HCMC, without prepayment penalties. The initial principal
balance of the multifamily mortgage loan, which closed in June 1994, was
approximately $1.76 million. A portion of the proceeds of the loan was retained
in an escrow account to fund the cost of repairs, replacements and improvements.
Quarters alleged that HCMC personnel orally represented before the closing that
funds would be disbursed from the escrow account other (and more favorably to
the obligor)
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<PAGE> 32
than as provided in the loan documents. Disbursements were not made in
accordance with such alleged representations. HCMC sold the loan on the day of
closing and sold the servicing rights to the loan in December 1994. While HCMC
denied that its representatives made any misrepresentations to Quarters,
Quarters filed suit against HCMC and others as defendants, in District Court in
Dallas County, Texas. The complaint alleged fraudulent misrepresentation, breach
of contract, fraudulent withholding of funds, breach of fiduciary duty and
conversion. On July 17, 1997, Quarters filed an amended petition, alleging
actual damages in the amount of $300,000 and seeking punitive damages in the
amount of $1,000,000.
ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable
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<PAGE> 33
PART II
ITEM 5: MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
In September 1997, Hanover raised net proceeds of approximately $79 million
in its initial public offering (the "IPO"). In the IPO, Hanover sold 5,750,000
units (each unit consists of one share of common stock, par value $.01 and one
stock warrant) including 750,000 units sold pursuant to the underwriters'
over-allotment option, which was exercised in full. Each warrant entitles the
holder to purchase one share of common stock at the original issue price -
$15.00. The warrants became exercisable on March 19, 1998 and expire on
September 15, 2000. As of December 31, 1998, there were 5,917,878 warrants
outstanding, including 172,500 warrants issued pursuant to the underwriters'
over-allotment option. Hanover utilized substantially all of the net proceeds of
the IPO to fund leveraged purchases of mortgage assets.
On September 19, 1997, the units began trading on the American Stock
Exchange under the trading symbol HCM.U or HCM/U. Commencing March 19, 1998, the
warrants became detachable from the common stock, and commencing March 20, 1998,
the common stock and warrants began trading separately on the American Stock
Exchange under the trading symbols HCM and HCM.WS, respectively. As of March 10,
1999, Hanover had 6,126,899 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, which
was held by 84 holders of record and approximately 2,000 beneficial owners.
The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low
and closing sales price of Hanover's securities as reported on the American
Stock Exchange in 1997 and 1998.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
UNIT PRICES
-----------
High Low Close
-------- ------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Third Quarter Ended September 30, 1997 17 1/4 15 17 1/8
Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 1997 18 7/8 15 1/8 16 1/2
First Quarter Ended March 31, 1998 21 7/8 16 1/4 19 1/16
Second Quarter Ended June 30, 1998 20 13/16 10 5/8 10 5/8
Third Quarter Ended September 30, 1998 11 3/4 7 1/4 7 1/4
Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 1998 7 1/4 3 1/2 4 3/16
COMMON STOCK
------------
High Low Close
------ ------ ------
First Quarter Ended March 31, 1998 (a) 16 1/2 16 1/8 16 1/4
Second Quarter Ended June 30, 1998 17 3/8 9 1/2 9 1/2
Third Quarter Ended September 30, 1998 10 3/8 6 7/8 6 7/8
Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 1998 6 7/8 3 1/2 4
WARRANTS
--------
High Low Close
----- ------ ------
First Quarter Ended March 31, 1998 (a) 3 7/8 3 1/8 3 1/8
Second Quarter Ended June 30, 1998 3 3/4 1 1/8 1 1/8
Third Quarter Ended September 30, 1998 1 3/8 3/16 3/16
Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 1998 3/8 5/16 1/8
</TABLE>
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, Hanover's
dividends declared for each quarter:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DIVIDENDS
DECLARED
---------
<S> <C>
Quarter Ended June 30, 1997 (b) --
Quarter Ended September 30, 1997 (b) --
Quarter Ended December 31, 1997 $0.16
Quarter Ended March 31, 1998 $0.21
Quarter Ended June 30, 1998 $0.21
Quarter Ended September 30, 1998 $0.17
Quarter Ended December 31, 1998 $0.11
</TABLE>
(a) common stock and warrants were first listed on the American Stock
Exchange on March 20, 1998
(b) Hanover was incorporated in June 1997; operations did not begin until
September 1997
Hanover intends to pay quarterly dividends and other distributions to its
shareholders of all or substantially all of its taxable income in each year in
order to quality for the tax benefits accorded to a REIT under the Code. To the
extent that Hanover records capital gain income in future years, this income
does not need to be distributed as dividends to shareholders to the extent of
unutilized capital losses recorded in 1998 (approximately $6,700,000). All
distributions will be made by Hanover at the discretion of the Board of
Directors and will depend on the earnings of Hanover, financial condition of
Hanover, maintenance of REIT status and such other factors as the Board of
Directors deems relevant.
ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data are derived from audited consolidated
financial statements of Hanover for the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the
period from June 10, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997. The selected
financial data should be read in conjunction with the more detailed information
contained in the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto and
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" included elsewhere in this Form 10-K (dollars in thousands, except
per share data):
34
<PAGE> 35
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS HIGHLIGHTS Year Ended June 10 (inception)
December 31, 1998 to December 31, 1997
----------------- --------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Net interest income $ 6,623 $ 1,676
Loan loss provision (356) (18)
Gain (loss) on sale of assets (5,704) 35
----------- -----------
Total revenues 563 1,693
Expenses 4,064 940
----------- -----------
Operating income (loss) (3,501) 753
Equity in (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries (1,433) (254)
----------- -----------
Net income (loss) $ (4,934) $ 499
=========== ===========
Basic earnings (loss) per share $ (0.77) $ 0.15
=========== ============
Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (0.77) $ 0.14
=========== ============
Dividends declared per share $ 0.70 $ 0.16
=========== ============
BALANCE SHEET HIGHLIGHTS December 31, December 31,
1998 1997
------------ ------------
Mortgage loans $ 407,994 $ 160,970
Mortgage securities 78,478 348,131
Cash and cash equivalents 11,837 4,022
Other assets 17,861 4,420
----------- -----------
Total assets $ 516,170 $ 517,543
=========== ===========
Reverse repurchase agreements $ 370,090 $ 435,138
Mortgage backed bonds 77,305 --
Other liabilities 2,995 4,307
----------- -----------
Total liabilities 450,390 439,445
----------- -----------
Stockholders' equity 65,780 78,098
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 516,170 $ 517,543
=========== ===========
Number of common shares outstanding 6,321,899 6,466,677
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
35
<PAGE> 36
ITEM 7: MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. ("Hanover") was incorporated in
Maryland on June 10, 1997. Hanover acquired three bankruptcy remote limited
purpose finance subsidiaries in 1998 in order to complete two significant
mortgage loan securitization transactions. In March 1998, Hanover acquired 100%
of the common stock of Hanover Capital SPC, Inc. and in October 1998 acquired
100% of the common stock of Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B,
Inc. Hanover is a real estate investment trust ("REIT"), formed to operate as a
specialty finance company. The principal business strategy of Hanover and its
wholly owned subsidiaries, Hanover Capital SPC, Inc., Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc.
and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc. (together referred to as the "Company") and its
unconsolidated subsidiaries is to (i) acquire primarily single-family mortgage
loans that are at least twelve months old or that were intended to be of certain
credit quality but that do not meet the originally intended market parameters
due to errors or credit deterioration, (ii) securitize the mortgage loans and
retain interests therein, (iii) originate, hold, sell, and service multifamily
mortgage loans and commercial loans and (iv) acquire multifamily loans. The
Company's principal business objective is to generate increasing earnings and
dividends for distribution to its' stockholders. The Company acquires
single-family mortgage loans through a network of sales representatives
targeting financial institutions throughout the United States. The Company may
also acquire multifamily mortgage loans from an unconsolidated subsidiary of the
Company.
Hanover Capital SPC, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on March 24, 1998 for the sole purpose of issuing
mortgage notes through a private placement (REMIC) offering. Hanover Capital
SPC, Inc. transferred all of it retained securities to its wholly owned
subsidiary, Hanover Capital Repo Corp. Hanover Capital Repo Corp. was
incorporated in Delaware on March 26, 1998.
Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on October 16, 1998 for the sole purpose of owning
certain investment grade mortgage securities acquired from Hanover Capital
Partners 2, Inc. ("HCP-2"), an unconsolidated subsidiary of Hanover.
Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on October 19, 1998 for the sole purpose of owning
certain investment grade and subordinated mortgage securities acquired from
HCP-2.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
GENERAL
Hanover was organized on June 10, 1997, but did not commence operations
until September 19, 1997 (the date of the IPO closing). The Company had a net
loss in 1998 of $4,934,000 or a loss of $0.77 per share based on a weighted
average of 6,418,305 shares of common stock outstanding. In the previous year,
for the period from June 10, 1997, (inception) to December
36
<PAGE> 37
31, 1997 the Company's net income was $499,000 or $0.15 per share based on a
weighted average of 3,296,742 shares of common stock outstanding.
The core business of the Company, acquiring single-family mortgage loans
and subsequently securitizing mortgage loans and retaining interests therein,
generated net interest income of $6,880,000 in 1998 as compared to $1,051,000 in
1997, (the initial start-up year reflected only three full months of
operations).
The Company's investment in purchased mortgage securities reflected
negative net interest income of $1,335,000 in 1998. Most of the mortgage
securities were held for a period of slightly more than nine months in 1998 as
compared to a one month holding period in 1997, which generated net interest
income of $202,000. The majority of the purchased mortgage securities were
adjustable rate Agency mortgage securities collateralized by adjustable rate
mortgages that experienced extremely high prepayment speeds during 1998.
Net interest income generated from notes receivable to affiliates and
investments of excess cash and cash collateral on deposit with repo lenders
aggregated $1,070,000 in 1998 (for a full 12 month period) compared to $423,000
in 1997 (a period of slightly more than 3 months).
The most significant contributor to the 1998 net loss was the loss on the
sale of purchased mortgage securities. In October 1998, the Company sold all of
its purchased adjustable rate Agency mortgage securities at a loss of
$5,989,000. In October 1998, the Company also sold (i) certain adjustable rate
FNMA mortgage securities (that the Company received in a swap for certain
adjustable rate mortgage loans) at a loss of $161,000 and (ii) certain fixed
rate FNMA mortgage securities (that the Company received in a swap for certain
fixed rate mortgage loans) at a gain of $495,000. Lastly, the Company also sold
a pool of mortgage loans in April 1998 at a loss of $49,000.
Operating expenses in 1998 totaled $4,064,000 (a full year) compared to
$940,000 for the period September 19 to December 31, 1997. Expenses directly
related to acquisitions of mortgage loans (management and administration, due
diligence and commissions) totaled $1,706,000 in 1998 as compared to $523,000 in
1997. The Company reflected significant increases in certain operating expenses
in 1998, particularly with respect to legal and professional and
financing/commitment fees, as the Company began securitizing mortgage loans in
different formats beginning in the second quarter of 1998.
Another significant contributor to the Company's net loss in 1998 was the
loss recorded from the Company's investment in HCP (for a full year of
operations) of $1,039,000 and HCP-2 (for a period in excess of two months) of
$394,000. The net loss generated from the Company's investment in HCP in 1997
(for a period of approximately 3 1/2 months) was $254,000.
The table below highlights the Company's brief historical trends and
components of return on average equity.
37
<PAGE> 38
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMPONENTS OF ANNUALIZED RETURN ON AVERAGE EQUITY (1)
Gain (loss) on Equity in
Net Interest Sale of Operating Earnings (Loss) Annualized
For the Income(Loss)/ Assets/ Expenses/ of Subsidiaries/ Return on
Quarter Ended Equity Equity Equity Equity Equity
------------- ------------- -------------- --------- ----------------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
June 30, 1997 (2) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
September 30, 1997 (3) 4.85% 0.00% 3.59% 0.97% 2.23%
December 31, 1997 7.71% 0.18% 4.26% (1.41%) 2.22%
March 31, 1998 10.78% 0.00% 4.37% (0.03%) 6.38%
June 30, 1998 3.47% (0.25%) 5.00% (1.50%) (3.28%)
September 30, 1998 8.23% 0.00% 4.89% (1.52%) 1.82%
December 31, 1998 11.12% (32.76%) 7.55% (4.89%) (34.08%)
</TABLE>
(1) Average equity excludes unrealized loss on investments available for sale.
(2) The Company was organized on June 10, 1997, but did not begin operations
until September 19, 1997.
(3) Average equity is based on equity balance at September 19, 1997 (IPO date)
and equity balance at September 30, 1997, excluding unrealized loss on
investments available for sale.
The following table reflects the average balances for each major category
of the Company's interest earning assets as well as the Company's interest
bearing liabilities with the corresponding effective rate of interest annualized
for the periods shown below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended Quarter Ended Quarter Ended Quarter Ended
March 31, 1998 June 30, 1998 September 30 1998 December 31, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Effective Average Effective Average Effective Average Effective
Balance Rate Balance Rate Balance Rate Balance Rate
------- --------- ------- --------- ------- --------- ------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest Earning Assets
Mortgage loans (1) $216,275 7.410% $370,811 7.371% $566,456 7.489% $465,445 7.392%
Collateral for mortgage
backed bonds (1) 92,272 7.158% 91,980 7.071% 86,477 6.230%
Mortgage securities (2) 334,722 6.116% 281,933 3.992% 243,299 4.528% 72,938 7.520%
-------- ------ -------- ------ -------- ------ -------- ------
$550,997 6.624% $745,016 6.066% $901,735 6.648% $624,860 7.246%
======== ====== ======== ====== ======== ====== ======== ======
Interest Bearing
Liabilities
Reverse repurchase
borrowings on
mortgage loans $166,881 6.318% $332,424 6.452% $523,403 6.377% $447,915 6.422%
Mortgage backed bonds 88,069 6.901% 87,524 6.916% 80,522 6.926%
Reverse repurchase
borrowings on
collateral for mortgage
backed bonds 1,076 7.031% 203 6.145% 1,760 6.616%
Reverse repurchase
borrowings on
mortgage securities 324,305 5.597% 272,176 5.616% 241,388 5.701% 58,332 5.636%
-------- ------ -------- ------ -------- ------ -------- ------
$491,186 5.842% $693,745 6.241% $852,518 6.364% $588,529 6.535%
======== ====== ======== ====== ======== ====== ======== ======
Net Interest Earning
Assets $ 59,811 $ 51,271 $ 49,217 $ 36,331
======== ======== ======== ========
Net Interest Spread 0.782% (0.175%) 0.284% 0.711%
====== ======= ====== ======
Yield on Interest Earning
Assets (3) 13.046% 3.700% 11.562% 18.769%
======= ====== ======= =======
</TABLE>
38
<PAGE> 39
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM SEPTEMBER 30 TO
DECEMBER 31, 1997
---------------------------
Average Effective
Balance Rate
------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Interest Earning Assets:
Mortgage loans (1) $ 83,776 7.317%
Mortgage securities (2) 116,375 6.268%
--------- ------
$ 200,151 6.707%
========= ======
Interest Bearing Liabilities
Reverse repurchase borrowings on mortgage loans $ 32,674 6.313%
Reverse repurchase borrowings on mortgage securities 113,803 5.723%
--------- ------
$ 146,477 5.855%
========= ======
Net Interest Earning Assets $ 53,674
=========
0.852%
======
Net Interest Spread
Yield on Net Interest Earnings Assets (3) 9.034%
======
</TABLE>
(1) Includes mortgage loans held for sale and mortgage loans held to maturity.
Loan loss provisions are excluded in the above calculations.
(2) Loan loss provisions are excluded in the above calculations.
(3) Yield on Net Interest Earning Assets is computed by dividing the applicable
net interest income by the average daily balance of Net Interest Earning
Assets.
NET INTEREST INCOME
The combined 1998 net interest income generated from the Company's core
business is reflected in the table below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
1998 1998 1998 1998 Total
-------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Mortgage loans $1,371 $1,412 $2,076 $1,251 $6,110
Collateral for
mortgage backed bonds 113 109 (77) 145
FNMA mortgage securities -- -- 41 65 106
Private placement mortgage -- -- -- 519 519
securities
-------------------------------------------------------------------
$1,371 $1,525 $2,226 $1,758 $6,880
===================================================================
</TABLE>
The following table reflects the average balances for each major category
of the Company's core business interest earning assets as well as the Company's
interest bearing liabilities with the corresponding effective rate of interest
annualized for the periods shown below (dollars in thousands):
39
<PAGE> 40
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended Quarter Ended Quarter Ended Quarter Ended
March 31, 1998 June 30, 1998 September 30 1998 December 31, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Effective Average Effective Average Effective Average Effective
Balance Rate Balance Rate Balance Rate Balance Rate
------- --------- ------- --------- ------- --------- ------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest Earning Assets
Mortgage loans $216,275 7.410% $370,811 7.371% $566,455 7.489% $465,445 7.392%
Collateral for mortgage
backed bonds 92,272 7.158% 91,980 7.071% 86,477 6.230%
Mortgage securities 11,665 7.429% 38,340 10.187%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$216,275 7.410% $463,083 7.329% $670,100 7.429% $590,262 7.403%
=========================================================================================
Interest Bearing
Liabilities
Reverse repurchase
borrowings on
mortgage loans $166,882 6.318% $332,424 6.452% $523,403 6.377% $447,915 6.422%
Mortgage backed bonds 88,069 6.901% 87,524 6.916% 80,522 6.926%
Reverse repurchase
borrowings on collateral for
mortgage backed bonds 1,076 7.031% 203 6.145% 1,760 6.616%
Reverse repurchase
borrowings on
mortgage securities 11,351 5.952% 26,947 5.824%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$166,882 6.318% $421,569 6.604% $622,481 6.567% $557,144 6.581%
=========================================================================================
Net Interest Earning
Assets $49,393 $41,514 $ 47,619 $33,118
======= ======= ======== =======
Net Interest Spread 1.092% 0.725% 0.862% 0.822%
====== ====== ====== ======
Yield on Interest Earning
Assets 11.099% 14.689% 18.698% 21.233%
======= ======= ======= =======
Yield on Interest Earning
Assets [after adjustment to
include net interest income 11.099% 14.689% 18.698% 14.978%
and capital (net interest ======= ======= ======= =======
earning assets) of HCP-2]
</TABLE>
CORE BUSINESS - MORTGAGE LOANS
Net interest income generated from investments in mortgage loans
(classified as held for sale and held to maturity) during 1998 is detailed
below (dollars in thousands):
40
<PAGE> 41
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
Mortgage Loans 1998 1998 1998 1998
- -------------- ---------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average asset balance $216,275 $370,811 $566,455 $465,445
Average repo balance 166,882 332,424 523,403 447,915
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net interest earning assets $ 49,393 $ 38,387 $ 43,052 $ 17,530
======== ======== ======== ========
Average leverage ratio 77.162% 89.648% 92.400% 96.234%
======== ======== ======== ========
Effective interest income rate 7.410% 7.371% 7.489% 7.392%
Effective interest expense rate 6.318% 6.452% 6.377% 6.422%
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net interest spread 1.092% 0.919% 1.112% 0.970%
======== ======== ======== ========
Interest income $ 4,006 $ 6,833 $ 10,606 $ 8,602
Interest expense 2,635 5,421 8,530 7,351
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net interest income $ 1,371 $ 1,412 $ 2,076 $ 1,251
======== ======== ======== ========
Yield on net interest earning assets
11.099% 14.712% 19.285% 28.543%
======== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
The Company's core business of acquiring single-family seasoned mortgage
loans and holding the loans prior to making a determination as to whether the
mortgage loans will be securitized generated net interest income of $6,110,000
in 1998.
The average mortgage loan balance increased on a quarter to quarter basis
through September, as the Company purchased mortgage loan product at an average
rate of approximately $250 million per quarter during this time. Only $91
million of mortgage loans were purchased in the fourth quarter of 1998. In April
1998, the Company completed its first REMIC securitization and thereby
transferred $103 million (par value) of mortgage loans to collateral for
mortgage backed bonds. In August 1998, the Company converted approximately $17
million (par value) of adjustable rate mortgage loans into FNMA mortgage
securities, and in October and December 1998, the Company converted $56 million
and $55 million (par value) of fixed rate mortgage loans into FNMA mortgage
securities. Lastly, in October 1998, the Company completed a $318 million (par
value) REMIC securitization accomplished through a taxable subsidiary of the
Company, HCP-2. This transaction required the Company to contribute mortgage
loans net of the respective reverse repurchase financing to HCP-2 in exchange
for all of the preferred stock of HCP-2. Simultaneously, the Company acquired
from HCP-2, through two newly created REIT qualified subsidiaries, all of the
investment grade securities (except for the "AAA" rated securities), the unrated
securities, the interest only securities and the principal only securities from
the security transaction.
The purchase of mortgage loans was accomplished through reverse repurchase
agreement financing and equity. In the early part of 1998 the Company used
equity to the extent possible to fund the purchase of mortgage loans. The
average leverage ratio increased significantly in the last half of 1998 as the
Company implemented a plan to increase liquidity, which effectively reduced the
amount of capital employed.
41
<PAGE> 42
The effective interest income rate (after adjusting for the amortization of
premium, discounts and certain deferred costs) on the mortgage loan portfolio
remained fairly consistent during the year. Prepayments on various mortgage
pools fluctuated during the year but overall the prepayment speed remained at
slightly higher than expected levels (20%-25%). The financing costs on the
mortgage pools varied from a low of 6.318% in the first quarter of 1998 to
6.452% in the second quarter of 1998. Interest rates are almost exclusively
indexed to LIBOR. The decreases in interest rates in 1998 resulted in larger net
interest spreads to the benefit of the Company, particularly in the third
quarter of 1998. The Company's interest expense rates rose slightly in the
fourth quarter as compared to the third quarter due to a short term financing
agreement entered into in November. The interest rate charged on this financing
agreement was 8.006% in the fourth quarter of 1998.
CORE BUSINESS - COLLATERAL FOR MORTGAGE BACKED BONDS
Net interest income generated from collateral for mortgage backed bonds
during 1998 is detailed below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds 1998 1998 1998 1998
- ------------------------------------ --------- -------- ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average asset balance 0 $ 92,272 $ 91,980 $ 86,477
Average mortgage backed bonds
balance 0 88,069 87,524 80,522
Average repo balance 0 1,076 203 1,760
--- -------- -------- --------
Net interest earning assets 0 $ 3,127 $ 4,253 $ 4,195
=== ======== ======== ========
Average leverage ratio N/A 95.445% 95.155% 93.113%
=== ======== ======== ========
Effective interest income rate N/A 7.158% 7.071% 6.230%
Effective interest expense rate N/A 6.903% 6.915% 6.919%
--- -------- -------- --------
Net interest spread N/A 0.255% 0.156% (0.689)%
=== ======== ======== ========
Interest income 0 $ 1,651 $ 1,625 $ 1,346
Interest expense 0 1,538 1,516 1,423
--- -------- -------- --------
Net interest income 0 $ 113 $ 109 $ (77)
=== ======== ======== ========
Yield on net interest earning assets N/A 14.413% 10.291% (7.346)%
=== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
In April 1998 the Company securitized (through a wholly owned subsidiary of
the Company - Hanover Capital SPC, Inc.) $102,977,000 (par value) of mortgage
loans. This securitization was accomplished in a REMIC format which was
accounted for as a financing for GAAP purposes and as a sale for tax purposes.
In a financing, the Company continues to record 100% of the interest
income, net of servicing fees, generated by the mortgage loans. The primary
source of financing for these mortgage loans is the mortgage backed bonds. This
financing represents the liability for the investment grade mortgage bonds not
retained by the Company - $77,305,000 at December 31, 1998. The interest expense
on this financing represents the coupon interest amount to be paid to the
investment grade bond holders. The Company's net equity in the secured
transaction represents the non-investment grade, interest only and
principal only bonds. The Company's net equity investment in collateral for
mortgage backed bonds can also be leveraged through reverse repurchase
financing. At December 31, 1998 the Company had $1,911,000 of
42
<PAGE> 43
reverse repurchase financing on a portion of the collateral for mortgage backed
bonds ($2,542,000). The coupon interest rates on the bonds, except for the
interest only and principal only bonds, have fixed coupon interest rates of
6.75% and 7.00%. The interest only bonds generate monthly interest from the
excess interest generated on the underlying mortgages after deducting all
service fees and the coupon interest rate on the applicable bonds. The interest
rate on each of the interest only bonds is based on a notional amount (the
principal balance of those mortgage loans with an interest rate in excess of the
related bonds coupon interest rate). The notional amounts decline each month to
reflect the related normal principal amortization, curtailments and prepayments
for the related underlying mortgage loans. Accordingly, the effective interest
rate will decline as prepayments on the underlying mortgages with interest rates
in excess of the coupon rates accelerate. The mortgage loans collateralizing the
mortgage backed bonds experienced prepayment speeds over the last six months of
1998 of approximately 26%. These prepayment speeds were higher than anticipated.
Accordingly, in the fourth quarter of 1998 the Company booked an additional
premium amortization adjustment (decreasing interest income) of $145,000.
Interest expense includes the interest on the mortgage backed bonds,
interest on the related reverse repurchase agreements and amortization of
certain deferred financing costs.
CORE-BUSINESS - FNMA MORTGAGE SECURITIES (SWAPPED FOR THE COMPANY'S MORTGAGE
LOANS)
Net interest income generated from investments in FNMA mortgage securities
that were converted from the Company's mortgage loans during 1998, is detailed
below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
FNMA mortgage securities (swapped) 1998 1998 1998 1998
- ------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average asset balance 0 0 $11,665 $24,894
Average repo balance 0 0 11,351 24,163
--- --- ------- -------
Net interest earning assets 0 0 $ 314 $ 731
=== === ======= =======
Average leverage ratio N/A N/A 97.311% 97.067%
=== === ======= =======
Effective interest income rate N/A N/A 7.429% 5.778%
Effective interest expense rate N/A N/A 5.952% 5.693%
--- --- ------- -------
Net interest spread N/A N/A 1.477% 0.085%
=== === ======= =======
Interest income 0 0 $ 213 $ 416
Interest expense 0 0 172 351
--- --- ------- -------
Net interest income 0 0 $ 41 $ 65
=== === ======= =======
Yield on net interest earning assets N/A N/A 52.001% 35.457%
=== === ======= =======
</TABLE>
During 1998 the Company completed three separate swap transactions with
FNMA. In August 1998, the Company exchanged $17.4 million (par value) of
adjustable rate mortgage loans in exchange for a like amount of mortgage
securities in the form of five FNMA certificates. All of the mortgage
certificates were subsequently sold with recourse in October 1998. In October
and December 1998, the Company exchanged $55.6 million and $55.2 million,
respectively of fixed rate mortgage loans for a like amount of mortgage
securities in the form of 19 and 31 FNMA certificates, respectively. The $55.6
million of mortgage securities
43
<PAGE> 44
represented by the 19 FNMA certificates was sold with recourse in October,
several days after the loans were securitized.
CORE BUSINESS - PRIVATE PLACEMENT MORTGAGE SECURITIES (PURCHASED FROM A RELATED
PARTY)
Net interest income generated from private placement securities purchased
from an affiliate, HCP-2, in October 1998 is detailed below (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
Private placement mortgage securities 1998 1998 1998 1998 (1)
- ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average asset balance 0 0 0 $13,446
Average - repo balance 0 0 0 2,784
--- --- --- -------
Net interest earning assets 0 0 0 $10,662
=== === === =======
Average leverage ratio N/A N/A N/A 20.707%
=== === === =======
Effective interest income rate N/A N/A N/A 16.662%
Effective interest expense rate N/A N/A N/A 5.729%
--- --- --- -------
Net interest spread N/A N/A N/A 10.933%
=== === === =======
Interest income 0 0 0 $ 560
Interest expense 0 0 0 41
--- --- --- -------
Net interest income 0 0 0 $ 519
=== === === =======
Yield on net interest earning assets N/A N/A N/A 19.484%
=== === === =======
</TABLE>
(1) This table does not reflect the Company's combined overall effective yield
and the Company's total investment in private placement mortgage securities
because the table does not reflect net interest income of and equity
employed by the Company's unconsolidated subsidiary, HCP-2. See the table
on page 48 that reflects the Company's combined overall yield and total net
interest earning assets employed.
In October 1998 the Company completed its second private placement REMIC
securitization transaction through its newly organized unconsolidated
subsidiary, HCP-2. The Company contributed $324.2 million of fixed rate mortgage
loans (with a par value of $318 million) subject to $310.0 million of reverse
repurchase agreement financing to HCP-2 in exchange for a 99% economic ownership
of HCP-2 (representing a 100% ownership of the non-voting preferred stock of
HCP-2). HCP-2 issued a REMIC mortgage security and sold all of the REMIC
securities except the "AAA" rated notes to two newly created wholly-owned
subsidiaries of the Company (Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B,
Inc.). The Company's investment at December 31, 1998 includes nine investment
grade ("AA", "A" and "BBB") notes and six interest only notes. The interest
rates on the investment grade notes are fixed and range from 6.25% to 6.75%.
These notes generate normal principal and interest remittances to the Company on
a monthly basis. The interest only notes generate monthly interest remittances
to the Company (subject to the availability of funds) from the excess interest
generated from the underlying mortgages after deducting all service fees and the
coupon interest rate on the applicable notes. The interest rate on each of the
interest only notes is based on a notional amount (the principal balance of
those mortgage loans with an interest rate in excess of the related note coupon
interest rate). The notional amounts decline each month to reflect the related
normal principal amortization, curtailments and prepayments for the related
underlying mortgage loans. At December 31, 1998 the interest only notes were
divided into two major categories; the
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<PAGE> 45
first group had an effective weighted average interest rate of 1.166% on a
notional balance of $259,861,000 and the second group had an effective weighted
average interest rate of 0.255% on a notional balance of $143,666,000.
The interest only notes serve to significantly increase the overall yield
of the mortgage securities portfolio (16.662% for the fourth quarter of 1998).
The interest only notes, however, will be adversely affected more than other
notes by higher than expected prepayment speeds on underlying mortgage loans
with interest rates in excess of the net coupon rate. In all likelihood
mortgages with higher interest rates will be repaid more rapidly than mortgages
with lower interest rates. Accordingly, the effective yield generated by this
portfolio is expected to decrease over time. The underlying mortgage loans were
prepaying at an annualized speed of approximately 29% in 1998, slightly higher
than expected.
NON-CORE BUSINESS - PURCHASED AGENCY MORTGAGE SECURITIES
Net interest income (loss) generated from purchased Agency mortgage
securities in 1998 is detailed below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
Purchased FNMA & FHLMC mortgage securities 1998 1998 1998 1998
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average asset balance $334,722 $281,933 $231,634 $34,598
Average repo balance 324,305 272,176 230,037 31,385
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net interest earning assets $ 10,417 $ 9,757 $ 1,597 $ 3,213
======== ======== ======== =======
Average leverage ratio 96.888% 96.539% 99.310% 90.712%
======== ======== ======== =======
Effective interest income rate 6.116% 3.992% 4.385% 4.564%
Effective interest expense rate 5.597% 5.616% 5.689% 5.584%
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net interest spread 0.519% (1.624)% (1.304)% (1.020)%
======== ======== ======== =======
Interest income $ 5,118 $ 2,814 $ 2,541 $ 394
Interest expense 4,538 3,864 3,344 448
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net interest income (loss) $ 580 $ (1,050) $ (803) $ (54)
======== ======== ======== =======
Yield on net interest earning assets 22.273% (43.054)% (201.112)% (6.608)%
======== ======== ======== =======
</TABLE>
In December 1997, the Company purchased 15 ARM securities from various
"Wall Street" dealers and in March of 1998, purchased a fixed rate FNMA
certificate from another dealer firm. The ARM securities were purchased at a
price of 103.72% of par value or $349,286,000 and the FNMA fixed rate mortgage
security was purchased at a price of 105.125% of par value or $4,333,000. These
mortgage securities were financed with separate PSA reverse repurchase agreement
financing with lender haircuts generally in the 3% range. Certain lenders
require cash deposits to satisfy margin calls, while other lenders require a
paydown of the reverse repurchase agreement financing to satisfy margin calls.
In the third quarter of 1998 the net interest earning assets employed decreased
dramatically from $9,757,000 in the second quarter to $1,597,000 in the third
quarter. This decrease was attributable to (i) an increase in the negative mark
to market (unrealized loss), (ii) a reduction in net premiums (due to rapid
prepayments), and (iii) a significant increase in cash on deposit with certain
lenders relating to margin calls. In October
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<PAGE> 46
1998 the Company sold all of the Agency ARM securities, leaving only the fixed
rate FNMA mortgage security at year end.
The effective interest income rate was negatively affected by the rapid
prepayments of the Agency ARM securities throughout 1998 (40-50% prepayment
speeds), particularly in the second quarter, as the Company booked additional
premium amortization to match the rapid prepayment speeds.
OTHER INTEREST INCOME
1998 interest income generated from non-mortgage assets is detailed below
(dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
1998 1998 1998 1998
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash margin $109 $157 $173 --
Overnight investing 81 82 3 209
Related party notes 17 61 94 84
---- ---- ---- ----
$207 $300 $270 $293
==== ==== ==== ====
</TABLE>
Interest income on cash deposited as additional cash collateral pursuant to
reverse repurchase financing agreements with certain lenders earned interest at
the respective borrowing rate charged by the lender generally 5.60%.
Interest income recorded on overnight investing was generated for the most
part from investing excess cash in Federal Home Loan Bank discount notes with
interest rates ranging from 4.2% to 4.5%. Overnight investing also includes, to
a much lesser extent, investments in the highest rated commercial paper and
savings accounts.
Notes receivable due from HCP earn interest at 1.00% below prime. During
the year, notes receivable due from HCP ranged from $-0- to $7,312,000. The
balance at December 31, 1998 was $713,000. Notes receivable due from Principals
earn interest at the lowest applicable federal rate in effect at the time of the
loan. The weighted average interest rate on notes due from Principals at
December 31, 1998 was 5.58% on an outstanding balance of $3,181,000.
EXPENSES
l998 personnel costs reflect the salaries, payroll taxes, and employee
benefit costs ($712,000) relating to the Principals, net of $360,000 allocated
to an unconsolidated subsidiary, HCP, for management's actual and estimated time
involved with the subsidiary. The personnel costs relating to the Principals for
1997 ($204,000) was reflected in the form of billings from HCP and was
classified as management and administrative expense because no payroll function
was established for the Company until January 1998.
The expenses (management and administrative, due diligence and commissions)
directly related to acquisitions of mortgage loans totaled $1,706,000 in 1998.
The similar figure for 1997 (period from September 30 to December 31, 1997) was
$523,000 after deducting Principals' personnel costs of $204,000. Due diligence
costs on mortgage loans acquired, as a percentage of
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<PAGE> 47
par value of the mortgage loan acquired, decreased from 0.156% in 1997 to 0.075%
in 1998. Commissions expense also decreased as a percentage of par value of
mortgage loans acquired, from 0.042% in 1997 to 0.033% in 1998.
Legal and professional expenses including general legal, accounting, tax,
investor relations and other professional fees ($545,000) reflected increases in
1998 compared to the prorata period in 1997 ($138,000). These increases were
generally anticipated as the Company began implementing its strategic business
plan of securitizing mortgage loans.
Financing/commitment fees reflected the single most significant increase
from 1997 to 1998 ($804,000). During the short period of operation in 1997 the
Company had two reverse repurchase agreement lines of credit in place. A portion
of the commitment fees on these two lines of credit ($100,000 each), was
expensed in 1998. The Company increased the number of lenders providing reverse
repurchase agreement financing from two to five in 1997. One of these lines of
credit was for a short term period at a time (in the fourth quarter) when credit
sources were particularly scarce. The commitment fee expense relating to this
lender was $500,000 in 1998.
For the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the short period ended
December 31, 1997, the Company's ratio of operating expenses to average assets
was 1.59% and 0.53%, respectively. The Company's 1998 and 1997 operating
expenses did not include any incentive bonus compensation. In order for the
eligible participants to earn incentive bonus compensation, the rate of return
on shareholders' investment must exceed the average ten-year U.S. Treasury rate
during the year plus 4.0%.
EQUITY IN (LOSS) OF UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
On September 19, 1997 (the IPO date), Hanover acquired 100% of the
non-voting preferred stock of HCP, which represents a 97% ownership interest in
HCP and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Hanover's investment in HCP is accounted
for on the equity method. Hanover recorded a loss of $1,039,000 in 1998 and
$254,000 in 1997 from its equity investment in HCP. The HCP loss in 1997
reflected a significant decline in its due diligence revenue. Its loss in 1998
was a result of a decline in HCP's consulting and brokerage revenues and the
second consecutive year of subpar mortgage origination production from HCMC. The
1998 operations of HCMC were negatively affected by the credit market changes in
the third and fourth quarter of 1998 that essentially shut down the mortgage
conduit origination market.
In October 1998, the Company completed its second private placement REMIC
securitization transaction through its newly organized unconsolidated
subsidiary, HCP-2. Hanover contributed $324.2 million of fixed rate mortgage
loans (with a par value of $318 million) subject to $310.0 million of reverse
repurchase agreement financing to HCP-2 in exchange for a 99% economic ownership
of HCP-2 (representing a 100% ownership of the non-voting preferred stock in
HCP-2). HCP-2 issued a REMIC security and sold all of the REMIC security except
the "AAA" rated notes to two newly created wholly-owned subsidiaries of Hanover
(Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc.). Hanover's investment in
HCP-2 is accounted for on the equity method. Hanover recorded a loss of $394,000
in 1998 from its equity investment in HCP-2.
The loss generated by HCP-2 is a result of the unique securitization
transaction entered into in October 1998. The REMIC security transaction
effectively records all of the underlying
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<PAGE> 48
mortgage loans as assets and the same amount of mortgage backed bonds as a
liability. Accordingly, the gross interest income generated from the underlying
mortgages will match exactly the interest expense relating to the mortgage
backed bonds. The net loss generated by HCP-2 relates to (1) the amortization of
net premiums and deferred hedge costs, reflected as a reduction of interest
income, (2) the amortization of deferred financing fees and (3) a loan loss
provision. Hanover reflected 99% of this net loss in 1998 - $394,000. It is
expected that HCP-2 will continue to reflect decreasing losses in the future.
Management believes that the net interest income calculated relating to
this securitization transaction should be adjusted to reflect the operating
activity recorded from the equity in loss of HCP-2 to more fully comprehend the
yield on the net interest earning assets. Accordingly, the table below reflects
the adjusted net interest income generated from the $318 million securitization
transaction:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
Private placement mortgage securities 1998 1998 1998 1998
- ------------------------------------------------- --------- -------- ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average asset balance (as adjusted) 0 0 0 $ 17,917
Average repo balance 0 0 0 2,784
--- --- --- --------
Net interest earning assets (as adjusted) 0 0 0 $ 15,133
=== === === ========
Average leverage ratio (as adjusted) N/A N/A N/A 15.540%
=== === === ========
Effective interest income rate (as adjusted) N/A N/A N/A 4.686%
Effective interest expense rate N/A N/A N/A 5.729%
--- --- --- --------
Net interest spread (as adjusted) N/A N/A N/A (1.043)%
=== === === ========
Interest income (as adjusted) 0 0 0 $ 210
Interest expense 0 0 0 41
--- --- --- --------
Net interest income (as adjusted) 0 0 0 $ 169
=== === === ========
Yield on net interest earning assets (as adjusted) N/A N/A N/A 4.471%
=== === === ========
</TABLE>
Hanover's 1998 taxable income is estimated at $1,517,000. Taxable income
exceeds GAAP net loss for the following book/tax differences relating to the
accounting for (1) equity in the loss of subsidiaries, (2) due diligence costs
and commission expenses incurred to acquire mortgage loan pools, (3) REMIC
securitization/sale transactions, (4) original issue discount adjustments, (5)
amortization of premium/discounts, (6) recognition of capital losses and (7)
other smaller items.
As a REIT, Hanover is required to declare dividends amounting to 85% of
each year's taxable income by the end of each calendar year and to have declared
dividends amounting to 95% of Hanover's taxable income for each year by the time
Hanover files its Federal tax return. Therefore, a REIT generally passes through
substantially all of its earnings to shareholders without paying Federal income
tax at the corporate level. Hanover paid dividends of $0.70 per share for 1998,
which exceeded 100.0% of taxable income.
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<PAGE> 49
LIQUIDITY
The Company expects to meet its short-term and long-term liquidity
requirements generally from its existing working capital, cash flow provided by
operations, reverse repurchase agreements, sale of certain mortgage securities,
and other possible sources of financing, including CMOs and REMICs, additional
equity generated by the exercise of some or all of the Company's outstanding
stock warrants and additional equity offerings. The Company considers its
ability to generate cash to be adequate to meet operating requirements both
short-term and long-term. However, if a significant decline in the market value
of the Company's investment portfolio should occur, the Company's available
liquidity from existing sources and ability to access additional sources of
credit may be reduced. As a result of such a reduction in liquidity, the Company
may be forced to sell certain investments in order to maintain liquidity. If
required, these sales could be made at prices lower than the carrying value of
such assets, which could result in losses.
In October 1998, the volatility of the mortgage market caused certain repo
lenders to widen their lending haircuts, increase borrowing rates and/or
discontinue or reduce their lending activities. Further, the turmoil in the
mortgage markets resulted in repo lenders taking a more conservative approach to
valuing the underlying mortgage collateral, often resulting in higher margin
calls. In an effort to increase liquidity and to reduce overall leverage the
Company sold all of its adjustable rate Agency mortgage securities ($189
million) in October. The sale of the adjustable rate Agency mortgage securities
resulted in a loss of $5,989,000. To further increase liquidity, the Company
also sold certain other FNMA mortgage securities ($73 million) at a net gain of
$334,000. If the Company were unable to meet the lenders's margin calls in the
future or if lenders were reluctant to extend additional repo financing the
Company would be forced to use its existing liquidity to satisfy margin calls.
Further, the Company might be forced to sell certain investments in order to
meet margin calls. The recent volatility in the mortgage markets has caused repo
financing to become marginally more expensive and has reduced the number of
lenders willing to extend repo lending to finance mortgage loan pool
acquisitions.
The Company had four reverse repurchase agreement lines of credit in place
at December 31, 1998. One of these lines of credit was renewed in December 1998
and another line of credit maturing in March 1998 is currently being
renegotiated. A commitment for a new $50 million line of credit was agreed to in
February 1999. Management is seeking to add several additional lines of credit
by June of 1999. The Company sold certain of its private placement mortgage
securities in early 1999. The mortgage securities that were sold were acquired
pursuant to the $318 million securitization completed in October 1998. Typically
investment grade mortgage securities would not be retained by the Company at the
time of the securitization, however, due to market conditions that existed at
the time of the securitization these mortgage securities were retained. The
improvement in the mortgage market allowed the Company the option of selling
these mortgage securities.
In November 1998 Hanover entered into a short term (three month) financing
arrangement with Residential Funding Corporation ("RFC") for approximately $95
million. In connection with such financing arrangement, Hanover agreed to issue
and deliver to RFC warrants to purchase approximately 300,000 shares of
Hanover's common stock exercisable at a price per share equal to the closing
price of Hanover's common stock on the American Stock Exchange on the date of
the November agreement, which was $4.00 per share. In addition Hanover and RFC
agreed to the following: (i) Hanover agreed to compensate RFC as an underwriter
on certain
49
<PAGE> 50
future mortgage loan securitization deals, (ii) Hanover agreed to have the
appropriate Hanover entity (HCMC) offer RFC the right to purchase any commercial
loans originated or purchased by such entity through November 2000 on the same
terms and conditions as it would offer such commercial loans to a third party,
(iii) Hanover agreed to offer RFC the opportunity to act as master servicer on
any loan securitization effected by it through November 2000 on the same terms
and conditions as it would offer such to a third party and (iv) RFC agreed to
offer the appropriate Hanover entity (HCP) the opportunity to undertake due
diligence services for RFC on the same terms and conditions as it would offer
such to a third party through November 2000.
Net cash provided by operations in 1998 was $3,898,000. Actual cash
proceeds generated from operations adjusted for non cash items was $9,154,000
offset by net cash used for operating assets and liabilities ($1,845,000) and
net loans to Principals ($2,698,000) and to HCP ($713,000).
Net cash used in investing activities amounted to $315,792,000 in 1998. The
majority of the mortgage assets purchased were mortgage loans. The average
purchase price of mortgage loans in 1998 was 101.26%. Offsetting the cash outlay
for mortgage asset purchases were receipts of principal proceeds on the mortgage
loans and mortgage securities of $296,806,000 and proceeds from the sale of
mortgage assets of $276,582,000.
Cash flows from financing activities generated $319,709,000 in 1998. The
majority of the cash flows from financing activities resulted from net
borrowings on reverse repurchase agreements ($243,218,000), net borrowings on
the mortgage backed bonds ($77,305,000), increased by dividends received from
HCP-2 ($8,054,000), reduced by dividends paid ($4,826,000), an additional
capital contribution to HCP ($2,700,000) and repurchases of the Company's common
stock ($1,345,000).
Capital Resources
The Company had no capital expenditure in 1998 and management does not
anticipate the need for any material capital expenditures for the future.
YEAR 2000 (Y2K) DISCLOSURE
The Y2K issue is the result of computer systems that use two digits rather
than four to define the applicable year, which may prevent such systems from
accurately processing dates ending in the year 2000 and thereafter. This could
result in system failures or in miscalculations causing disruption of
operations, including, but not limited to, an inability to process transactions,
to send and receive electronic data, or to engage in routine activities and
operations.
The following information is provided relating to the Company's Y2K issues:
1. Y2K-READINESS- The Company has reviewed the status of all of its
information technology ("IT") systems and has determined that all of its
computer hardware is Y2K compliant. In addition, the Company has received
satisfactory certification from certain of its third party vendors and/or
verified to its satisfaction that their IT systems are Y2K compliant or
have indicated that they will be Y2K compliant prior to December 31, 1999.
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<PAGE> 51
The Company has prepared a detailed questionnaire for the remainder of the
Company's significant other third party relationships:
Certain Third Party Vendors Services Provided
--------------------------- -----------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Securities dealer firms Financing, facilitate purchase and sale of
mortgage assets, etc.
Information processing firms Accounting, word processing, database
software systems
Mortgage loan servicers Mortgage loan servicing
Communications firms Telephone, modems, fax, financial software,
internet, postage
Facilities firms Office space, storage, security
General Legal and accounting, office supplies, etc.
</TABLE>
The Company has sent letters requiring verification of compliance with Year
2000 matters and has followed up such letters with telephone calls as
appropriate. An evaluation of these questionnaires as well as other Y2K
readiness matters has been ongoing for several months. This process is
scheduled to be completed by March 31, 1999. The Company will then
determine the most cost-effective method to remedy any third party
non-compliance. The Company does not own any non-IT systems (i.e. elevator
systems, building air management systems, security and fire control
systems).
2. Y2K-COSTS - The Company has not incurred any material costs to date related
to its Y2K issues and believes its total Y2K costs to date have been less
than $25,000. At this time it does not anticipate any material costs will
be incurred on as yet unidentified Y2K issues. The costs of these projects
and the dates on which the Company plans to complete modifications and
replacements are based on management's best estimates, the estimates of
third-party specialists, if any, who may assist the Company, the
modification plans of third parties and other factors. However, these
estimates of future Y2K related costs may change when the assessment of
third-party issues is complete and actual results could differ materially
from the above indication.
3. Y2K-RISKS- Currently the Company's most reasonably likely worst case
scenario relating to the Y2K issue would occur if any of the companies
which service its mortgage portfolios had Y2K problems that prohibited such
companies from either (1) collecting and remitting funds or (2) providing
the related loan data to the Company on a timely basis. A scenario of this
type could, if existing for any significant length of time, create
liquidity problems for the Company and could result in decreased net income
through decreased net interest income and increased operating expenses. If
the Company does not receive borrower remittances from its servicers on a
timely basis it may have to (1) use existing capital, (2) sell other
mortgage assets or (3) try to secure additional financing sources to
satisfy lenders' margin calls. Although the likelihood of such an
occurrence seems remote, a total cessation of borrower remittances to the
Company could potentially lead to monetary defaults by the Company on its
repo lending obligations. Additionally, the Company
51
<PAGE> 52
estimates that expenses would increase as a result of legal and other
actions taken to attempt to collect the funds due the Company. The
third-party questionnaire described in Item 1 above is intended to assess
these risks and the alternatives available to reduce or eliminate them.
While the Company believes the probability of the above occurrences to be
low, there can be no assurance at this time that the Company will not be
materially adversely affected by possible Y2K problems.
4. Y2K-CONTINGENCY PLANS- The development of contingency plans to handle the
most reasonably likely worst case Y2K scenario is dependent upon the
completion of the assessment of the third-party questionnaires described
above. The Company anticipates it will have such a contingency plan in
place by June 30, 1999. When completed, it is intended that the Company's
documented Y2K contingency plan will include identified "individuals"
within the Company to contact in the event of a Y2K problem, as well as the
availability of back-up systems. Due to the nature of the preliminary open
issues at this time, which involve only third-party issues, the Company
does not currently anticipate the need for any third-party consultants for
remediation efforts.
OTHER MATTERS
REIT Requirements
Hanover has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code. Hanover believes
that it was in full compliance with the REIT tax rules as of December 31, 1998
and intends to remain in compliance with all REIT tax rules. If Hanover fails to
qualify as a REIT in any taxable year and certain relief provisions of the Code
do not apply, Hanover will be subject to Federal income tax as a regular,
domestic corporation, and its stockholders will be subject to tax in the same
manner as stockholders of a regular corporation. Distributions to its
stockholders in any year in which Hanover fails to qualify as a REIT would not
be deductible by Hanover in computing its taxable income. As a result, Hanover
could be subject to income tax liability, thereby significantly reducing or
eliminating the amount of cash available for distribution to its stockholders.
Further, Hanover could also be disqualified from re-electing REIT status for the
four taxable years following the year during which it became disqualified.
Investments in Certain Mortgage Assets
The Company takes certain risks in investing in subprime single-family
mortgage loans. If these mortgage loans are missing relevant documents, such as
the original note, they may be difficult to enforce. These mortgage loans may
also have inadequate property valuations. In addition, if a single-family
mortgage loan has a poor payment history, it is more likely to have future
delinquencies because of poor borrower payment habits or a continuing cash flow
problem.
Defaults on Mortgage Assets
The Company makes long-term investments in mortgage assets. During the time
it holds mortgage assets for investment, the Company is subject to the risks of
borrower defaults and bankruptcies and hazard losses (such as those occurring
from earthquakes or floods) that are not covered by insurance. If a default
occurs on any mortgage loan held by the Company, the Company will bear the risk
of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value
52
<PAGE> 53
of the mortgaged property, plus any payments from an insurer or guarantor, and
the amount owing on the mortgage loan.
With respect to commercial mortgage loans, the Company may be subject to
certain additional risks. Commercial properties tend to be unique and more
difficult to value than single-family residential properties. Commercial
mortgage loans often have shorter maturities than single-family mortgage loans
and often have a significant principal balance or "balloon" due on maturity. A
balloon payment creates a greater risk for the lender because the ability of a
borrower to make a balloon payment normally depends on its ability to refinance
the loan or sell the related property at a price sufficient to permit the
borrower to make the payment. Commercial mortgage lending is generally viewed as
exposing the lender to a relatively greater risk of loss than single-family
mortgage lending because it usually involves larger mortgage loans to single
borrowers or groups of related borrowers and the repayment of the loans is
typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related properties.
Negative Effects of Fluctuating Interest Rates
Changes in interest rates may impact the Company's earnings in various
ways. While the Company anticipates that over the long term less than 25% of its
mortgage loans will be ARMs, rising short term interest rates may negatively
affect the Company's earnings in the short term. Increases in the interest rate
on an ARM loan are generally limited to either 1% or 2% per adjustment period.
ARM loans owned by the Company are subject to such limitations, while
adjustments in the interest rate on the Company's borrowings are not
correspondingly limited. As a result, in periods of rising interest rates, the
Company's net interest income could temporarily decline.
The rate of prepayment on the Company's mortgage loans may increase if
interest rates decline, or if the difference between long-term and short-term
interest rates diminishes. Increased prepayments would cause the Company to
amortize any premiums paid on the acquisition of its mortgage loans faster than
currently anticipated, resulting in a reduced yield on its mortgage loans.
Additionally, to the extent proceeds of prepayments cannot be reinvested at a
rate of interest at least equal to the rate previously earned on the prepaid
mortgage loans, the Company's earnings may be adversely affected.
Insufficient Demand for Mortgage Loans and the Company's Loan Products
The availability of mortgage loans that meet the Company's criteria depends
on, among other things, the size of and level of activity in the residential,
multifamily and commercial real estate lending markets. The size and level of
activity in these markets, in turn, depends on the level of interest rates,
regional and national economic conditions, inflation and deflation in property
values and the general regulatory and tax environment as it relates to mortgage
lending. If the Company can not obtain sufficient mortgage loans that meet its
criteria, its business will be adversely affected.
Investment Company Act
The Company at all times intends to conduct its business so as not to
become regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If
the Company were to become regulated as an investment company, the Company's use
of leverage would be substantially
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<PAGE> 54
reduced. The Investment Company Act exempts entities that are "primarily engaged
in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens
on interest in real estate" ("Qualifying Interests"). Under current
interpretation of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in order
to qualify for this exemption, the Company must maintain at least 55% of its
assets directly in Qualifying Interests. As of December 31, 1998, Management
calculates that the Company is in compliance with this requirement.
Proposed Legislation
The Clinton Administration's budget has modified some of the
Administration's prior tax proposals directed at REITs. The current proposals,
if enacted, would change the tax treatment of (i) a REIT's ownership of taxable
subsidiary stock, (ii) closely-held REITs, and (iii) built-in gains on the
conversion of a C corporation to a REIT or the merger of a C corporation into a
REIT. While prior attempts by the Administration to make similar changes in the
taxation of REITs were unsuccessful, and it is uncertain whether the changes
outlined in the current proposals or some variation of them, ultimately will be
enacted.
If adopted, these proposals could have an adverse effect on REITs in
general and on Hanover. More specifically, the Administration's proposals would
prohibit a REIT from owning, by vote or value, more than 10 percent of the
capital stock of any corporation. (Current law only prohibits ownership of more
than 10% of a company's voting stock.) The proposal is generally intended to
prevent REITs from conducting, through a taxable subsidiary, any business that
would be prohibited to the REIT itself.
The proposal, however, contains exceptions for two new types of taxable
subsidiaries: a qualified business subsidiary ("QBS") and a qualified
independent contractor subsidiary ("QIK"). A QBS would be permitted to earn
income by providing non-tenant related services such as third party management
services. A QIK, in addition to being permitted to earn income that could be
earned by a QBS, would also be permitted to earn income providing non-customary
and other presently prohibited services to a REIT's tenants.
Under the proposal, all taxable subsidiaries owned by a REIT could not
exceed 15% of a REIT's total assets and of that total no more than 5% could
represent the value of QIKs. Such subsidiaries would be denied the ability to
deduct interest on debt funded by a REIT. The proposal also calls for a new 100%
excise tax to ensure (i) arm's length pricing for services provided to a REIT's
tenants (to ensure that tenants are not paying a REIT higher rent in exchange
for a discount on services that would be taxable income to the service
subsidiary) and (ii) arm's length allocations for shared expenses between a REIT
and its taxable subsidiary. Additional limitations as well as unspecified
limitations on intercompany rentals between a REIT and its taxable subsidiary
will be proposed. These proposals would generally be effective on the date of
the enactment although a transition period would be provided to permit any
restructuring of taxable subsidiaries necessary to obtain a QBS or a QIK
qualification.
Currently a REIT must have at least 100 shareholders and not more than 50%
of the value of its stock can be owned by five or fewer individuals during the
last half of the REIT's taxable year. The proposal would add a new ownership
requirement that would prohibit ownership of more than 50% of a REIT's stock by
vote or value by any person other than another REIT. This
54
<PAGE> 55
proposal would generally apply on a prospective basis for entities electing REIT
status on or after the first date of committee action.
It is possible that if the proposal is adopted Hanover may be able to
qualify its taxable subsidiaries as QBS entities and maintain its current method
of conducting its business. However, until more details are available regarding
the proposed statutory language, it is not clear whether QBS qualification would
be obtainable. Additionally, obtaining QBS qualification may result in current
taxation to the non-REIT shareholders of Hanover's taxable subsidiaries.
Finally, certain restructurings of the credit lines of Hanover's taxable
subsidiaries and their inter-company transactions with Hanover may be required
to avoid the proposed excise taxes. Such restructuring may ultimately increase
the taxes paid by Hanover's taxable subsidiaries and thereby affect the value of
these subsidiaries to Hanover.
Currently regular or C corporations are subject to two levels of tax (first
to the corporation on income earned and second to the shareholders when
dividends are distributed). In the same manner, a dual tax situation applies on
the liquidation of a C corporation or its conversion to a partnership since the
corporation is taxed on its built-in gains and the shareholders are taxed on
their built-in gain on the stock. Current tax law provides an exception to the
double tax regime on the conversion of a C corporation to an S corporation (the
"S corporation rule"). The S corporation rule avoids corporate level tax and
instead the S corporation is taxed on such built-in gain for an asset that is
sold within 10 years of the conversion. IRS permits C corporations that convert
to REITs to avoid the immediate tax on built-in gains by electing to be subject
to rules similar to the S corporation rule.
The Administration's proposal would repeal the S corporation rule for C
corporations that have a value of $5 million or more at the time of conversion
and subject such conversions to immediate tax on the built-in gains. Accordingly
the conversion of a C corporation that has a value of at least $5 million would
result in the immediate recognition of the C corporation's built-in gain. This
proposal would generally apply for taxable years beginning after December 31,
1999.
IMPORTANT FACTORS RELATED TO FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND ASSOCIATED RISKS
The preceding section, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations," and other sections of this Annual Report
on Form 10-K contain various "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements
represent the Company's expectations or beliefs concerning future events,
including, without limitation, statements containing the words "believes,"
"anticipates," "expects" and words of similar import; and also including,
without limitation, the following: statements regarding the Company's continuing
ability to target and acquire mortgage loans; expected availability of the
master reverse repurchase agreement financing; the sufficiency of the Company's
working capital, cash flows and financing to support the Company's future
operating and capital requirements; results of operations and overall financial
performance; the expected dividend distribution rate; and the expected tax
treatment of the Company's operations. Such forward-looking statements relate to
future events and the future financial performance of the Company and the
industry and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important
factors which could cause actual results, performance or achievements of the
Company or industry to differ materially from the future results, performance or
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
Investors should carefully consider the various factors identified in
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operation - Other Matters," and elsewhere in this Annual Report that could cause
actual results to differ materially from the results predicted in the
forward-looking statements. Further, the Company specifically cautions investors
to consider the following important factors in conjunction with the
forward-looking statements: the possible decline in the Company's ability to
locate and acquire mortgage loans; the possible adverse effect of changing
economic conditions, including fluctuations in interest rates and changes in the
real estate market both locally and nationally; the effect of severe
55
<PAGE> 56
weather or natural disasters; the effect of competitive pressures from other
financial institutions, including other mortgage REITs; and the possible
changes, if any, in the REIT rules. Because of the foregoing factors, the actual
results achieved by the Company in the future may differ materially from the
expected results described in the forward-looking statements.
ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company uses certain derivative financial instruments (for purposes
other than trading) as hedges of anticipated transactions relating to its
Investment Portfolio.
The Company from time to time enters into interest rate hedge mechanisms
(forward sales of Agency mortgage securities) to manage its exposure to market
pricing changes in connection with the purchase, holding of, securitization and
sale of its fixed rate mortgage loan portfolio. The Company generally closes out
the hedge position to coincide with the related loan sale or securitization
transactions and recognizes the results of the hedge transaction in determining
the amount of the related loan sale gain or loss for loans sold, or as a basis
adjustment to loans held to maturity.
At December 31, 1998 the Company had the following forward sales of Agency
mortgage securities that had not yet settled (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Notional
Fair Value of Amount of Positive
Derivative Derivative Change in
Financial Financial Market Settlement
Mortgage Security Instrument Instrument Value Date
- ----------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FNMA/30YR/7.0% $19,442 $19,468 $26 Jan 11, 1999
FNMA/30YR/6.5% 11,073 11,089 16 Jan 11, 1999
FNMA/15YR/7.0% 14,506 14,506 0 Jan 11, 1999
FNMA/15YR/6.5% 6,388 6,394 6 Jan 11, 1999
------- ------- ---
$51,409 $51,457 $48
======= ======= ===
</TABLE>
The Company only hedges its fixed rate mortgage loan pools by selling short
similar coupon and duration matched Agency securities, usually for 30 to 60 day
periods. This hedging of mortgage assets should, if properly executed, adjust
the carrying value of the hedged fixed mortgage loan pools to reflect current
market pricing. The costs of the individual hedging transactions can vary
greatly depending upon market conditions. Net hedging costs of fixed rate
mortgage pools were $541,000, $1,287,000, $2,632,000 and $1,091,000 in the
first, second, third and fourth quarters of 1998, respectively. Management is
satisfied that the Company's hedging program has been utilized effectively as no
charges relating to impairment of mortgage loans were booked in 1998.
The primary risk associated with selling short Agency securities relates to
changes in interest rates. Generally, as market interest rates increase, the
market value of the hedged asset (fixed rate mortgage loans) will decrease. The
net effect of increasing interest rates will generally be a favorable or gain
settlement on the forward sale of the Agency security; this gain will result in
a negative basis adjustment to the hedged assets. Conversely, if interest rates
decrease, the market value of the hedged asset will increase. The net effect of
decreasing interest rates will generally be an unfavorable or loss settlement on
the forward sale of the Agency security; this loss should be offset by a
positive basis adjustment to the hedged assets. To mitigate interest rate risk
an effective matching of Agency securities with the hedged assets needs to be
monitored closely.
56
<PAGE> 57
Senior Management continually monitors the changes in weighted average duration
and coupons of the hedged assets and will appropriately adjust the amount,
duration and coupon of future forward sales of Agency securities.
Mortgage loans that are identified for inclusion in the future
securitizations are generally no longer hedged. The Company anticipates that it
will have a lower volume of forward sales of Agency security hedging activity in
the future as the Company plans to securitize mortgage loans on a more frequent
basis than in 1998.
The Company also enters into interest rate hedge mechanisms (interest rate
caps) to manage its interest rate exposure on certain reverse repurchase
agreement financing. The cost of the interest rate caps is amortized over the
life of the interest rate cap and is reflected as a portion of interest expense
in the consolidated statement of operations.
At December 31, 1998 the Company had the following interest rate caps in
effect (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Notional Amount Index Strike % Maturity Date
- --------------- ------------- -------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
$35,978 3 Month LIBOR 5.75% March 31, 2001
34,610 3 Month LIBOR 5.75% April 30, 2001
-------
$70,588
=======
</TABLE>
The primary risk associated with interest rate caps relates to interest
rate increases. The interest rate caps provide a cost of funds hedge against
interest rates that exceed 5.75%, subject to the limitation of the notional
amount of financing.
ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements of the Company and the related notes, together
with the Independent Auditors' Report thereon beginning on page F-1 and
continuing through page F-56 of this Form 10-K.
ITEM 9: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
57
<PAGE> 58
PART III
ITEM 10: DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ITEM 12: SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
58
<PAGE> 59
PART IV
ITEM 14: EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) (1) Financial Statements
See Part II, Item 8 hereof.
(2) Financial Statements and Auditors' Reports
All schedules omitted are inapplicable or the information required is
shown in the Financial Statements or notes thereto. The auditors'
reports of Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to the Financial
Statements are located at pages F-2, F-34 and F-46.
(3) Exhibits
Exhibits required to be attached by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are
listed in the Exhibit Index attached hereto, which is incorporated
herein by this reference.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
The company filed no reports on Form 8-K during 1998.
(c) Exhibits
See Item 14(a) 3 above.
59
<PAGE> 60
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on March 30, 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
By /s/ Ralph F. Laughlin
---------------------------------------------
Ralph F. Laughlin
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer
</TABLE>
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of Registrant
and in the capacities indicated on March 30, 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE
<S> <C>
/s/ John A. Burchett Chairman of the Board of Directors
- ---------------------------------
John A. Burchett
/s/ Irma N. Tavares Managing Director and a Director
- ---------------------------------
Irma N. Tavares
/s/ Joyce S. Mizerak Managing Director, Secretary and a Director
- ---------------------------------
Joyce S. Mizerak
/s/ George J. Ostendorf Managing Director and a Director
- ---------------------------------
George J. Ostendorf
/s/ John A. Clymer Director
- ---------------------------------
John A. Clymer
/s/ Joseph J. Freeman Director
- ---------------------------------
Joseph J. Freeman
/s/ Robert E. Campbell Director
- ---------------------------------
Robert E. Campbell
/s/ Saiyid T. Naqvi Director
- ---------------------------------
Saiyid T. Naqvi
/s/ John N. Rees Director
- ---------------------------------
John N. Rees
/s/ Ralph F. Laughlin Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
- --------------------------------- Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Ralph F. Laughlin
</TABLE>
60
<PAGE> 61
TABLE OF CONTENTS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Independent Auditors' Report......................................................... F-2
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997
and for the Year Ended December 31, 1998 and for the Period from June 10, 1997
(inception) through December 31, 1997:
Balance Sheets............................................................. F-3
Statements of Operations................................................... F-4
Statements of Stockholders' Equity......................................... F-5
Statements of Cash Flows................................................... F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................. F-7
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Independent Auditors' Report......................................................... F-34
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997
and for each of the Three Years in the Period Ended December 31, 1998:
Balance Sheets............................................................. F-35
Statements of Operations................................................... F-36
Statements of Stockholders' Equity......................................... F-37
Statements of Cash Flows................................................... F-38
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................. F-39
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS 2, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
Independent Auditors' Report......................................................... F-46
Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 1998 and for the Period
from October 7, 1998 (inception) through December 31, 1998:
Balance Sheet.............................................................. F-47
Statement of Operations.................................................... F-48
Statement of Stockholders' Equity.......................................... F-49
Statement of Cash Flows.................................................... F-50
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................. F-51
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 62
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors of
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
New York, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hanover Capital
Mortgage Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 1998
and 1997, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders'
equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the period
from June 10, 1997 (inception) through December 31, 1997. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Hanover
Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998 and
1997, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for
the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the period from June 10, 1997
(inception) through December 31, 1997 in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Parsippany, New Jersey
March 19, 1999
F-2
<PAGE> 63
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except as noted)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ASSETS DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Mortgage loans:
Held for sale $256,833 $160,970
Held to maturity 69,495 --
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds 81,666 --
Mortgage securities:
Available for sale 74,000 348,131
Held to maturity 4,478 --
Cash and cash equivalents 11,837 4,022
Accrued interest receivable 3,940 3,597
Equity investments 7,489 100
Notes receivable from related parties 3,893 482
Due from related parties 313 --
Other receivables 1,621 --
Prepaid expenses and other assets 605 241
-------- --------
TOTAL ASSETS $516,170 $517,543
======== ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
<S> <C> <C>
LIABILITIES:
Reverse repurchase agreements $370,090 $435,138
Mortgage backed bonds 77,305 --
Accrued interest payable 1,394 2,250
Dividends payable 695 1,035
Due to related party -- 540
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 906 482
-------- --------
Total liabilities 450,390 439,445
======== ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
<S> <C> <C>
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock, par value $.01
authorized, 10 million shares, issued
and outstanding, -0- shares
Common stock, par value $.01
authorized, 90 million shares; 6,321,899 and
6,466,677 shares outstanding at December 31, 65 65
1998 and 1997, respectively
Additional paid-in-capital 78,069 79,411
Retained (deficit) (9,955) (536)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) (2,399) (842)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity 65,780 78,098
-------- --------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY $516,170 $517,543
======== ========
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-3
<PAGE> 64
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM JUNE 10
YEAR ENDED (INCEPTION)
DECEMBER 31, TO DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
REVENUES:
Interest income $47,799 $4,880
Interest expense 41,176 3,204
------- ------
Net interest income 6,623 1,676
Loan loss provision 356 18
------- ------
Net interest income after loan loss
provision 6,267 1,658
Gain (loss) on sale of assets (5,704) 35
------- ------
Total revenues 563 1,693
------- ------
EXPENSES:
Personnel 712 --
Management and administrative 733 400
Due diligence 687 266
Commissions 286 61
Legal and professional 545 138
Financing/ commitment fees 836 32
Other 265 43
------- ------
Total expenses 4,064 940
------- ------
Operating income (loss) (3,501) 753
Equity in (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries (1,433) (254)
------- ------
NET INCOME (LOSS) $(4,934) $ 499
======= ======
BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE $ (0.77) $ 0.15
======= ======
DILUTED EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE $ (0.77) $ 0.14
======= ======
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-4
<PAGE> 65
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND
PERIOD FROM JUNE 10 (INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 1997
(in thousands, except share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ACCUMULATED
COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL RETAINED OTHER
------------ PAID-IN COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS COMPREHENSIVE
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL (LOSS) (DEFICIT) (LOSS) TOTAL
------ ------ ------- ------------- -------- ------------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of
common 6,466,677 $65 $79,411 $79,476
stock
Comprehensive income
(loss):
Net income $ 499 $ 499 499
Other comprehensive
income (loss)
Unrealized (loss) (842) $ (842) (842)
-------
Comprehensive
(loss) $ (343)
=======
Dividends declared _________ ___ _______ (1,035) _______ (1,035)
------- -------
BALANCE,
DECEMBER 31, 1997 6,466,677 65 79,411 (536) (842) 78,098
Adjustment of
Initial public
offering expenses 11 11
Exercise of
Warrants 2,122 32 32
Costs associated
with registration
of warrants (40) (40)
Repurchase of
common stock (146,900) (1,345) (1,345)
Comprehensive income
(loss):
Net (loss) (4,934) (4,934) (4,934)
Other comprehensive
(loss)
Unrealized (loss) (1,557) (1,557) (1,557)
-------
Comprehensive
(loss) $(6,491)
Dividends declared _________ ___ _______ ======= (4,485) _______ (4,485)
------- -------
BALANCE,
DECEMBER 31,
1998 6,321,899 $65 $78,069 ($9,955) ($2,399) $65,780
========= === ======= ======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-5
<PAGE> 66
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM
JUNE 10
YEAR ENDED (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss) $(4,934) $ 499
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of net premium and deferred costs 6,594 361
Loan loss provision 356 18
Gain on sale of securities -- (35)
Net loss on sale of mortgage assets 5,705 --
Equity in loss of unconsolidated subsidiaries 1,433 254
(Increase) in accrued interest receivable (343) (3,597)
(Increase) in loans to related parties (3,411) (482)
(Increase) in other receivables (1,621) --
(Increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets (364) (241)
Increase in accrued interest payable 842 2,250
Increase (decrease) in due to related party (782) 540
Increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities 423 482
------- ------
Net cash provided by operating activities 3,898 49
------- ------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of mortgage loans (863,324) (349,287)
Purchase of Agency mortgage securities (4,333) (163,030)
Purchase of private placement mortgage securities (21,523) --
Principal payments received on mortgage securities 150,543 --
Principal payments received on mortgage loans 123,098 1,995
Proceeds from sale of mortgage assets 276,582 --
Proceeds from sale of securities -- 35
Principal payments received on collateral for
mortgage backed bonds 23,165 --
-------- --------
Net cash (used in) investing activities (315,792) (510,287)
-------- --------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net borrowings from reverse repurchase agreements 243,218 435,138
Borrowings from mortgage backed bonds 100,675 --
Payments on mortgage backed bonds (23,370) --
Net proceeds of initial public offering 11 79,122
Exercise of stock warrants - net (8) --
Equity investment in HCP (2,700) --
Dividends received - unconsolidated subsidiary 8,054 --
Payment of dividends (4,826) --
Repurchase of common stock (1,345) --
------- -------
Net cash provided by financing activities 319,709 514,260
------- -------
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 7,815 4,022
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD 4,022 0
------- -------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD $11,837 $ 4,022
======= =======
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-6
<PAGE> 67
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND PERIOD FROM JUNE 10 (INCEPTION)
TO DECEMBER 31, 1997
1. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. ("Hanover") was incorporated in Maryland
on June 10, 1997. Hanover acquired three bankruptcy remote limited purpose
finance subsidiaries in 1998 in order to complete two significant mortgage loan
securitizations in 1998. In March 1998, Hanover acquired 100% of the common
stock of Hanover Capital SPC, Inc. and in October 1998, it acquired 100% of the
common stock of Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc. Hanover is
a real estate investment trust ("REIT"), formed to operate as a specialty
finance company. The principal business strategy of Hanover and its wholly owned
subsidiaries, Hanover Capital SPC, Inc., Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover
QRS-2 98-B, Inc. (together referred to as the "Company") and its unconsolidated
subsidiaries is to (i) acquire primarily single-family mortgage loans that are
at least twelve months old or that were intended to be of certain credit quality
but that do not meet the originally intended market parameters due to errors or
credit deterioration, (ii) securitize the mortgage loans and retain interests
therein, (iii) originate, hold, sell, and service multifamily mortgage loans and
commercial loans and (iv) acquire multifamily loans. The Company's principal
business objective is to generate increasing earnings and dividends for
distribution to its stockholders. The Company acquires single-family mortgage
loans through a network of sales representatives targeting financial
institutions throughout the United States. The Company may also acquire
multifamily mortgage loans from an unconsolidated taxable subsidiary of the
Company.
Hanover Capital SPC, Inc. ("HCSPC"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanover, was
incorporated in Delaware on March 24, 1998 for the sole purpose of issuing
mortgage notes through a private placement (REMIC) offering. HCSPC transferred
all of its retained securities to its wholly owned subsidiary, Hanover Capital
Repo Corp. Hanover Capital Repo Corp. was incorporated in Delaware on March 26,
1998.
Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hanover, was incorporated
in Delaware on October 16, 1998 for the sole purpose of owning certain
investment grade mortgage securities acquired from Hanover Capital Partners 2,
Inc. ("HCP-2"), an unconsolidated subsidiary of Hanover.
Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was
incorporated in Delaware on October 19, 1998 for the sole purpose of owning
certain investment grade and subordinated mortgage securities acquired from
HCP-2.
CAPITALIZATION
In September 1997, Hanover raised net proceeds of approximately $79 million in
its initial public offering (the "IPO"). In the IPO, Hanover sold 5,750,000
units (each unit consists of one share of common stock, par value $.01 and one
stock warrant) at $15.00 per unit including 750,000 units sold pursuant to the
underwriters' over-allotment option, which was exercised in full. Each warrant
entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at the original
F-7
<PAGE> 68
issue price - $15.00. The warrants became exercisable on March 19, 1998 and
expire on September 15, 2000. As of December 31, 1998 there were 5,917,878
warrants outstanding, including 172,500 warrants issued pursuant to the
underwriters' over-allotment option. Hanover utilized substantially all of the
net proceeds of the IPO to fund leveraged purchases of mortgage assets.
In connection with the closing of the IPO, Hanover acquired a 97% ownership
interest (representing a 100% ownership of the non-voting preferred stock) in
Hanover Capital Partners Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries: Hanover Capital
Mortgage Corporation and Hanover Capital Securities, Inc., in exchange for
716,667 shares of Hanover's common stock. Hanover Capital Partners Ltd. and its
wholly-owned subsidiaries offer due diligence services to buyers, sellers and
holders of mortgage loans and originate, sell and service multifamily mortgage
loans and commercial loans.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hanover Capital
Mortgage Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Hanover Capital SPC,
Inc. and Subsidiary, Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc. All
significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The
Company's estimates and assumptions primarily arise from risks and uncertainties
associated with interest rate volatility, credit exposure and regulatory
changes. Although management is not currently aware of any factors that would
significantly change its estimates and assumptions in the near term, future
changes in market trends and conditions may occur which could cause actual
results to differ materially.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, overnight investments deposited
with banks and government securities with maturities less than 30 days.
MORTGAGE LOANS
The Company's policy is to classify each of its mortgage loans as held for sale
as they are purchased and each asset is monitored for a period of time,
generally four to nine months, prior to making a determination as to whether the
asset will be classified as held to maturity. At December 31, 1998 management
had made the determination that $256,833,000 of mortgage loans were held for
sale in order to be prepared to respond to potential future opportunities in the
market, to sell mortgage loans in order to optimize the portfolio's total return
and to retain its ability to respond to economic conditions that require the
Company to sell mortgage loans in
F-8
<PAGE> 69
order to maintain an appropriate level of liquidity. Management also determined
during 1998 that certain mortgage loans ($69,495,000 at December 31, 1998) would
be held to maturity. Management re-evaluates the classification of mortgage
loans on a quarterly basis. All mortgage loans designated as held for sale are
reported at the lower of cost or market, with unrealized losses reported as a
charge to earnings in the current period. Mortgage loans designated as held to
maturity are reported at cost.
Premiums, discounts and certain deferred costs associated with the purchase of
mortgage loans are amortized into interest income over the lives of the mortgage
loans using the effective yield method adjusted for the effects of estimated
prepayments. Mortgage loan transactions are recorded on the date the mortgage
loans are purchased or sold. Purchases of new mortgage loans are recorded on the
date the mortgage loans are purchased or sold. Purchases of new mortgage loans
are recorded when all significant uncertainties regarding the characteristics of
the mortgage loans are removed, generally on or shortly before settlement date.
Realized gains and losses on mortgage loan transactions are determined on the
specific identification basis.
The accrual of interest on impaired loans is discontinued when, in management's
opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due. When
interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed.
Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are
received.
The Company has limited its exposure to credit losses on its portfolio of
mortgage loans by performing an in-depth due diligence on every loan purchased.
The due diligence encompasses the borrower's credit, the enforceability of the
documents, and the value of the mortgage property. In addition, many mortgage
loans are guaranteed by an agency of the federal government or private mortgage
insurance. The Company monitors the delinquencies and losses on the underlying
mortgages and makes a provision for known losses as well as unidentified
potential losses in its mortgage loan portfolio if the impairment is deemed to
be other than temporary. The provision is based on management's assessment of
numerous factors affecting its portfolio of mortgage loans including, but not
limited to, current and projected economic conditions, delinquency status,
losses to date on mortgages and remaining credit protection.
MORTGAGE SECURITIES
The Company's policy is to classify its mortgage securities as available for
sale as they are acquired and each asset is monitored for a period of time,
generally three to six months, prior to making a determination whether the asset
will be classified as held to maturity. At December 31, 1998 management has made
the determination that $74,000,000 of mortgage securities are available for sale
in order to be prepared to respond to potential future opportunities in the
market, to sell mortgage securities in order to optimize the portfolio's total
return and to retain its ability to respond to economic conditions that require
the Company to sell assets in order to maintain an appropriate level of
liquidity. Management re-evaluates the classification of the mortgage securities
on a quarterly basis. At December 31, 1998 mortgage securities classified as
held to maturity were $4,478,000. Mortgage securities classified as held to
maturity are carried at the fair value of the security at the time the
designation is made. Any fair value adjustment is reflected as a separate
component of stockholders' equity and as a cost basis adjustment of the mortgage
security as of the date of the classification and is amortized into interest
income as a yield adjustment. All mortgage securities designated as available
for sale are reported at fair
F-9
<PAGE> 70
value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a
separate component of stockholders' equity.
The Company makes periodic evaluations of all mortgage securities to determine
whether an other-than-temporary impairment is considered to have occurred. If a
decline in the fair value is judged to be other than temporary, the cost basis
of the mortgage security will be marked to fair value resulting in a current
period loss in the statement of operations. The new cost basis shall not be
changed for future increases in market value; however, future increases in
market value will be reflected separately in the equity section of the Company's
balance sheet.
Premiums, discounts and certain deferred costs associated with the acquisition
of mortgage securities are amortized into interest income over the lives of the
securities using the effective yield method adjusted for the effects of
estimated prepayments. Mortgage securities transactions are recorded on the date
the mortgage securities are acquired or sold. Purchases of new issue mortgage
securities are recorded when all significant uncertainties regarding the
characteristics of the securities are removed, generally on or shortly before
settlement date. Realized gains and losses on mortgage securities transactions
are determined on the specific identification basis.
The Company has limited its exposure to credit losses on its portfolio of
purchased mortgage securities by only purchasing mortgage securities from third
parties that have some form of credit enhancement and that are either guaranteed
by an agency of the federal government or have an investment grade rating at the
time of purchase, or the equivalent, by at least one of two nationally
recognized rating agencies, Moody's or Standard & Poor's (the "Rating
Agencies"). Because the Company has access to HCP's due diligence operations,
the Company may in the future consider purchasing non investment grade mortgage
securities of other issuers after a thorough evaluation of the underlying
mortgage loan collateral. The Company monitors the delinquencies and losses on
the underlying mortgages of its mortgage securities and, if the credit
performance of the underlying loans is not as good as expected, makes a
provision for possible credit losses as well as unidentified potential future
losses in its mortgage securities portfolio. The provision is based on
management's assessment of numerous factors affecting its portfolio of mortgage
securities including, but not limited to, current and projected economic
conditions, delinquency status, credit losses to date on underlying mortgages
and remaining credit protection. The provision is made by reducing the cost
basis of the individual security and the amount of such write-down is recorded
as a realized loss, thereby reducing earnings. Provisions for credit losses do
not reduce taxable income and therefore do not affect the dividends paid by the
Company to stockholders in the period the provisions are taken. Actual losses
realized by the Company reduce taxable income in the period the actual loss is
realized and would affect the dividends paid to stockholders for that tax year.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company from time to time enters into interest rate hedge mechanisms
(forward sales of Agency mortgage securities) to manage its exposure to market
pricing changes in connection with the purchase, holding of, securitization and
sale of its fixed rate mortgage loan portfolio. The Company generally closes out
the hedge position to coincide with the related loan sale or securitization
transactions. Gains and losses on such hedge positions are either (i) deferred
as an adjustment to the carrying value of the related loans until the loan has
been funded and securitized, after which the gains or losses will be amortized
into income over the remaining life of the loan using a method that approximates
the effective yield method, or (ii) deferred until such time as the related
loans are sold.
The Company also enters into interest rate caps to manage its interest rate
exposure on certain reverse repurchase agreement financing. The cost of the
interest rate caps is amortized over the life of the interest rate cap and is
reflected as a portion of interest expense in the consolidated statement of
operations. Any payments received under the interest rate cap agreements would
be recorded as a reduction of interest expense on the reverse repurchase
agreement financing.
For derivative financial instruments designated as hedge instruments, the
Company periodically evaluates the effectiveness of these hedges against the
financial instrument being hedged under various interest rate scenarios. The
Company utilized hedge deferral accounting procedures in accounting for its
hedging program so long as there is adequate correlation between the hedged
result and the change in value of the hedged financial instrument. If the hedge
instrument performance does not result in adequate correlation between the
changes in value of the hedge instrument and the related hedged financial
instrument, the Company will terminate hedge deferral accounting and mark the
carrying value of the hedge instrument to market. If a hedge instrument is sold
or matures, or the criteria that was anticipated at the time the hedge
instrument was entered into no longer exists, the hedge instrument is no longer
accounted for as a hedge. Under these circumstances, the accumulated change in
the market value of the hedge is recognized in current period income or loss to
the extent that the effects of interest rate or price changes of the hedged item
have not offset the hedged results.
F-10
<PAGE> 71
EQUITY INVESTMENT
Hanover's 97% economic ownership investment in Hanover Capital Partners Ltd.
("HCP") is accounted for by the equity method of accounting. Hanover generally
has no right to control the affairs of HCP because Hanover's investment in HCP
is based solely on a 100% ownership of HCP's non-voting preferred stock. Even
though Hanover has no right to control the affairs of HCP, management believes
that Hanover has the ability to exert significant influence over HCP and
therefore the investment in HCP is accounted for by the equity method of
accounting.
Hanover's 99% economic ownership investment in HCP-2 is also accounted for by
the equity method of accounting. Hanover generally has no right to control the
affairs of HCP-2, however management believes that Hanover has the ability to
exert significant influence over HCP-2 and therefore the investment in HCP-2 is
accounted for by the equity method of accounting.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Reverse repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing
transactions and recorded at their contractual amounts, plus accrued interest.
INCOME TAXES
Hanover has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") and
intends to comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "Code") with respect thereto. Accordingly, Hanover will not be
subject to Federal income tax to the extent of its distributions to stockholders
as long as certain asset, income and stock ownership tests are met.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings or loss per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing
income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number
of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings or loss per
share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other
contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock
that then shared in earnings and losses. Shares issued during the period and
shares reacquired during the period are weighted for the period they were
outstanding.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
The FASB issued SFAS 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities ("SFAS 133") in June 1998. SFAS 133 establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative
instruments embedded in other contracts, (collectively referred to as
derivatives) and for hedging activities. SFAS 133 is effective for fiscal
quarters beginning after June 15, 1999. Management's preliminary evaluation of
SFAS 133 indicates the implementation of SFAS 133 will not result in any
material changes to the Company's consolidated statement of operations.
F-11
<PAGE> 72
The FASB issued SFAS No. 134 Accounting For Mortgage-Backed Securities Retained
after the Securitization of Mortgage Loans Held for Sale by a Mortgage Banking
Enterprise ("SFAS 134") in October 1998. SFAS 134 amends FAS 65 Accounting for
Certain Mortgage Banking Activities, and FAS 115 Accounting for Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities to require that after the
securitization of mortgage loans held for sale, an entity engaged in mortgage
banking activities classify the resulting mortgage-backed securities or other
retained interests based on its ability and intent to sell or hold those
investments. SFAS 134 is effective for fiscal quarters beginning after December
15, 1998. Management does not expect the adoption of SFAS 134 to have any
significant effect on the Company.
3. MORTGAGE LOANS
Investments in single-family mortgage loans consist of fixed rate mortgages and
adjustable rate mortgages. The following tables summarize the Company's
single-family mortgage loan pools as of December 31, 1998 and 1997 (dollars in
thousands):
Held for sale
- -------------
The following table summarizes the Company's single-family mortgage loan pools,
held for sale at December 31, 1998 and 1997 which are carried at the lower of
cost or market (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------- -----------------
Mortgage Loans Cost Mix Cost Mix
---- --- ---- ---
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed rate $ 93,615 36.93% $106,397 67.01%
Adjustable rate 159,901 63.07% 52,392 32.99%
-------- ------- -------- -------
Subtotal 253,516 100.00% 158,789 100.00%
======= =======
Net premiums, discounts
and deferred costs 3,567 2,199
Loan loss provision (250) (18)
-------- --------
Carrying value $256,833 $160,970
======== ========
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company's
single-family fixed rate and adjustable rate mortgage loans, held for sale
portfolio at December 31, 1998 and 1997 (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Carrying Value Principal Weighted Weighted
of Mortgage Amount of Average Net Average
Loans Mortgage Loans Coupon Maturity (1)
----- -------------- ------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed rate $ 95,763 $ 93,615 8.545% 187
Adjustable rate 161,070 159,901 7.542% 264
-------- -------- ------ ---
$256,833 $253,516 7.912% 235
======== ======== ====== ===
</TABLE>
F-12
<PAGE> 73
The adjustable rate mortgage loans at December 31, 1998 had various reference
rate indexes with a weighted average 13 month repricing period and a weighted
average net life cap of 13.23%.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1997
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Carrying Value Principal Weighted Weighted
of Mortgage Amount of Average Net Average
Loans Mortgage Loans Coupon Maturity (1)
----- -------------- ------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed rate $107,953 $106,397 8.265% 242
Adjustable rate 53,017 52,392 7.925% 319
-------- -------- ------- ---
$160,970 $158,789 8.153% 267
======== ======== ======= ===
</TABLE>
Virtually all of the adjustable rate mortgage loans had a 1 year CMT based
reference rate with a weighted average 12 month repricing period and a weighted
average net life cap of 12.56%.
(1) weighted average maturity reflects the number of months until maturity
Held to maturity
- ----------------
The following table summarizes the Company's single-family mortgage loans, held
to maturity at December 31, 1998 which are carried at cost (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Mortgage Loans Cost Mix
---- ---
<S> <C> <C>
Fixed rate $67,515 99.79%
Adjustable rate 144 .21%
------- -------
Subtotal 67,659 100.00%
=======
Net premiums, and
deferred costs 1,878
Loan loss provision (42)
-------
Carrying value $69,495
=======
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company's
single-family fixed rate and adjustable rate mortgage loans, held to maturity
portfolio at December 31, 1998 (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Carrying Value Principal Weighted Weighted
of Mortgage Amount of Average Net Average
Loans Mortgage Loans Coupon Maturity (1)
----- -------------- ------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed rate $69,350 $67,515 8.707% 253
Adjustable rate 145 144 7.625% 302
------- ------- ------ ---
$69,495 $67,659 8.705% 253
======= ======= ====== ===
</TABLE>
F-13
<PAGE> 74
The adjustable rate mortgage loans had a 1 year CMT based reference rate with a
12 month repricing period and a net life cap of 10.25%.
(1) weighted average maturity reflects the number of months remaining until
maturity
The average effective yields, which include the amortization of net premium,
discounts and certain deferred costs for periods shown in 1998 and 1997 on the
combined held for sale and held to maturity mortgage loan portfolios were as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Quarter Ended March 31 7.410% N/A
Quarter Ended June 30 7.371% N/A
Quarter Ended September 30 7.489% N/A
Quarter Ended December 31 7.392% 7.317%
------ ------
7.424% 7.317%
====== ======
</TABLE>
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds
- ------------------------------------
In April 1998, the Company issued its first REMIC (real estate mortgage
investment conduit) security. $102,977,000 of single family fixed rate
residential loans (par value) were assigned as collateral for the Company's
mortgage backed bond (REMIC) securitization. The Company has limited exposure to
credit risk retained on loans it has securitized through the issuance of
collateralized bonds. All mortgage loans held as collateral for mortgage backed
bonds are reported at cost. Premiums, discounts and all deferred costs
associated with the mortgage loans held as collateral for mortgage backed bonds
are amortized into interest income over the lives of the mortgage loans using
the effective yield method adjusted for the effects of prepayments.
The following table summarizes the Company's single-family fixed rate mortgage
loan pools, classified as held to maturity (and held as collateral for mortgage
backed bonds), which are carried at cost at December 31, 1998 (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Mortgage Loans Cost
----
<S> <C>
Fixed rate $79,812
Net premiums and
deferred costs 1,934
Loan loss provision (80)
-------
Carrying value $81,666
=======
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company's
single-family fixed rate mortgage loans held as collateral for mortgage backed
bonds at December 31, 1998 (dollars in thousands):
F-14
<PAGE> 75
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Carrying Value Principal Amount
of Collateral for of Collateral Weighted Weighted
Mortgage Backed for Mortgage Average Average
Bonds Backed Bonds Net Coupon Maturity (1)
----- ------------ ---------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
$81,666 $79,812 7.787% 231
======= ======= ====== ===
</TABLE>
(1) weighted average maturity reflects the number of months remaining until
maturity
The average effective yields, which include amortization of net premiums,
discounts and deferred costs for 1998 on the collateral for the mortgage backed
bond portfolio were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998
----
<S> <C>
Quarter Ended March 31 N/A
Quarter Ended June 30 7.158%
Quarter Ended September 30 7.071%
Quarter Ended December 31 6.230%
-----
6.832%
=====
</TABLE>
4. MORTGAGE SECURITIES
Available for sale
At December 31, 1998 the Company had $74,000,000 of fixed rate mortgage
securities classified as available for sale. These mortgage securities are
secured by fixed rate mortgage loans on single-family residential housing. The
following table summarizes the Company's mortgage securities classified as
available for sale as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, which are carried at their
fair value (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Mix
---
<S> <C> <C>
Amortized cost:
FNMA certificates (a) $ 3,425 4.48%
FNMA certificates (b) 56,216 73.58%
Private placement notes (c) 16,758 21.94%
------- ------
Total amortized cost 76,399 100.00%
=======
Gross unrealized (loss) (2,399)
-------
Fair Value $74,000
=======
</TABLE>
F-15
<PAGE> 76
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1997
-----------------
Mix
---
<S> <C> <C>
Amortized cost:
FNMA certificates (d) $207,898 59.58%
FHLMC certificates (e) 141,075 40.42%
-------- -------
Total amortized cost 348,973 100.00%
=======
Gross unrealized (loss) (842)
--------
Fair Value $348,131
========
</TABLE>
(a) Represents one FNMA certificate with a fixed coupon interest rate of 9.0%
purchased from a "Wall Street" dealer firm. This certificate generates
normal principal and interest remittances to the Company on a monthly
basis.
(b) Represents 31 fixed rate FNMA certificates that the Company received
(swapped) for a like amount of fixed rate mortgage loans in December 1998.
The coupon interest rates range from 6.00% to 10.50%. These certificates
generate normal principal and interest remittances to the Company on a
monthly basis.
(c) Represents nine investment grade ("AA", "A" and "BBB") notes and six
interest only notes purchased from an affiliate, Hanover Capital Partners
2, Inc. ("HCP-2") in a private placement offering in October 1998.
Investment grade ratings were obtained from Standard and Poors and Fitch.
The interest rates on the investment grade notes are fixed and range from
6.25% to 6.75%. These notes generate normal principal and interest
remittances to the Company on a monthly basis. The interest only notes
generate monthly interest remittances to the Company (subject to the
availability of funds) from the excess interest generated from the
underlying mortgages after deducting all service fees and the coupon
interest rate on the applicable notes. The interest rate on each of the
interest only notes is based on a notional amount (the principal balance of
those mortgage loans with an interest rate in excess of the related note
coupon interest rate). The notional amounts decline each month to reflect
the related normal principal amortization, curtailments and prepayments for
the related underlying mortgage loans. At December 31, 1998 the interest
only notes were divided into two major categories; the first group had an
effective weighted average interest rate of 1.166% on a notional balance of
$259,861,000 and the second group had an effective weighted average
interest rate of 0.25% on a notional balance of $143,666,000.
(d) Represents eight adjustable rate FNMA certificates purchased from "Wall
Street" dealers in December 1997. At December 31, 1997 the coupon interest
rates ranged from 7.292% to 8.081%. These certificates generate normal
principal and interest remittances to the Company on a monthly basis. These
mortgage securities had a 1 year CMT based reference rate with a weighted
average 12 month repricing period and a weighted average net life cap of
11.25%.
(e) Represents seven adjustable rate FHLMC certificates purchased from "Wall
Street" dealers in December 1997. At December 31, 1997 the coupon interest
rates ranged from 7.538% to 8.041%. These certificates generate normal
principal and interest remittances to the Company on a monthly basis. These
mortgage securities had a 1 year CMT based reference rate with a weighted
average 12 month repricing period and a weighted average net life cap of
10.53%.
F-16
<PAGE> 77
Held to maturity
- ----------------
At December 31, 1998 the Company had $4,478,000 of fixed rate mortgage
securities classified as held to maturity. These mortgage securities are secured
by fixed rate mortgage loans on single-family residential housing. The following
table summarizes the Company's fixed rate mortgage securities classified as held
to maturity as of December 31, 1998, carried at cost (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Amortized cost:
Private placement notes (a) $4,478
======
</TABLE>
(a) Represents nine below investment grade notes purchased from an affiliate,
HCP-2, in October 1998. The coupon interest rates on the notes are fixed
and range from 6.25% to 6.75%. These notes generate normal principal and
interest remittances to the Company on a monthly basis.
The amortized cost at December 31, 1998 of the Company's available for sale and
held to maturity mortgage securities by contractual maturity dates are presented
below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
Available for Sale Held to Maturity
------------------ ----------------
Amortized Cost Amortized Cost
-------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
Due in one year or less $ 1,314 $ 92
Due from one to five years 6,476 457
Due from five to ten years 12,048 836
Due after ten years 56,561 3,093
------- -----
Total $76,399 $4,478
======= ======
</TABLE>
As mentioned above, actual maturities may differ from scheduled maturities
because borrowers usually have the right to prepay certain obligations, often
times without penalties. Maturities of mortgage securities depend on the
repayment characteristics and experience of the underlying obligations.
The average effective yields which include amortization of net premiums and
deferred costs for periods shown in 1998 and 1997 on the combined available for
sale and held to maturity mortgage securities portfolios were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Quarter Ended March 31 6.116% N/A
Quarter Ended June 30 3.992 N/A
Quarter Ended September 30 4.528 N/A
Quarter Ended December 31 7.520 6.268%
------ ------
5.170% 6.268%
====== ======
</TABLE>
The proceeds, gross realized gains and losses from sales of available for sale
mortgage securities in October 1998 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
F-17
<PAGE> 78
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GROSS REALIZED
PROCEEDS GAIN (LOSS)
-------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
Adjustable rate FNMA and FHLMC
certificates (a) $189,057 $(5,989)
Adjustable rate FNMA certificates (b) 17,172 (161)
Fixed rate FNMA certificates (c) 56,740 495
-------- -------
$262,969 $(5,655)
======== =======
</TABLE>
(a) - relates to the sale of eight FNMA certificates and seven FHLMC
certificates purchased in December 1997
(b) - relates to the sale of five FNMA certificates acquired from a swap of
mortgage loans in August 1998
(c) - relates to the sale of nineteen FNMA certificates acquired from a swap
of mortgage loans in October 1998
5. CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
Mortgage Loans
- --------------
The Company's exposure to credit risk associated with its investment activities
is measured on an individual customer basis as well as by groups of customers
that share similar attributes. In the normal course of its business, the Company
has concentrations of credit risk in its mortgage portfolio for the loans in
certain geographic areas. At December 31, 1998 and 1997, the percent of total
principal amount of loans outstanding in any one state, exceeding 5% of the
principal amount of mortgage loans are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT DECEMBER 31, 1998 AT DECEMBER 31, 1997
-------------------- --------------------
Mortgage Loans Mortgage Loans
--------------
Held for Sale Held to Maturity Held for Sale
------------- ---------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
California 13% 17% 10%
Texas 7 13 6
Florida 10 8 25
Missouri -- 6 --
Illinois 5 -- --
South Carolina -- -- 13
Ohio -- -- 9
-- -- --
35% 44% 63%
== == ==
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AT DECEMBER 31, 1998
--------------------
Collateral for Mortgage
Backed Bonds
------------
<S> <C>
Florida 26%
Ohio 12
California 11
Hawaii 6
--
55%
==
</TABLE>
During 1998 the Company purchased approximately 75.2% of its total principal
amount of mortgage loans from six financial institutions, the largest of which
represented approximately 21.7% of the total principal amount of mortgage loans
purchased in 1998. During the period from September 30, 1997 to December 31,
1997 the Company purchased approximately 61.9%
F-18
<PAGE> 79
of its total principal amount of mortgage loans from three financial
institutions, the largest of which represented approximately 29.1% of the total
outstanding principal amount of mortgage loans purchased in 1997. Management
believes that the loss of any single financial institution from which the
Company purchased mortgage loans would not have any material detrimental effect
on the Company.
Mortgage Securities
- -------------------
The Company's exposure to credit risk associated with its investment activities
is measured on an individual customer basis as well as by groups of customers
that share similar attributes. In certain instances, the Company has
concentrations of credit risk in its mortgage securities portfolio for the
mortgage loans collateralizing the mortgage securities in certain geographic
areas. Management believes exposure to credit risk associated with purchased
Agency mortgage securities is minimal due to the guarantees provided by FNMA. At
December 31, 1998 the percent of total principal amount of mortgage loans
collateralizing mortgage securities in any one state, exceeding 5% of the
principal amount of mortgage securities are shown below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Mortgage Securities Mortgage Securities
Received in Swap Purchased from
for Mortgage Loans an Affiliate
------------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
Illinois -- 25%
Florida 23% 11
Michigan 13 --
California -- 12
South Carolina 12 --
North Carolina 10 --
Ohio 8 6
Arizona -- 7
Kentucky -- 6
Texas 6 --
Oklahoma 5 --
-- --
77% 67%
== ==
</TABLE>
The Company has cash and cash equivalents in a major financial institution which
is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to $100,000.
At December 31, 1998, the Company had amounts on deposit with the financial
institution in excess of FDIC limits. At December 31, 1998 the Company had
overnight investments of $11,209,000 in Federal Home loan discount notes. The
Company limits its risk by placing its cash and cash equivalents in a high
quality financial institution, Federal Agency notes or in the highest rated
commercial paper.
6. LOAN LOSS PROVISION
The provision for loan loss charged to expense is based upon actual credit loss
experience and management's estimate and evaluation of potential losses in the
existing mortgage loan and mortgage securities portfolio, including the
evaluation of impaired loans. The following table summarizes the activity in the
loan loss provision for the following periods (dollars in thousands):
F-19
<PAGE> 80
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED PERIOD FROM JUNE 10
DECEMBER 31, (INCEPTION) TO
1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
---- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Balance beginning of period $ 18 $ - 0 -
Loan loss provision 356 18
Transfers/sales (2) --
Charge-offs -- --
Recoveries -- --
-- --
$372 $ 18
==== ===
</TABLE>
7. EQUITY INVESTMENTS
Hanover recorded its investment in HCP on the equity method. Accordingly,
Hanover records 97% of the earnings or losses of HCP through its ownership of
all of the non-voting preferred stock of HCP. HCP and its subsidiaries operate
as a specialty finance company which is principally engaged in performing due
diligence, consulting and mortgage investment banking services. A wholly-owned
subsidiary of HCP, Hanover Capital Mortgage Corporation, is an originator and
servicer of multifamily mortgage loans. Another wholly-owned subsidiary of HCP,
Hanover Capital Securities, Inc. is a registered broker/dealer with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
In October 1998, the Company completed its second private placement REMIC
securitization transaction through its newly organized unconsolidated
subsidiary, HCP-2. Hanover contributed $324.2 million of fixed rate mortgage
loans (with a par value of $318 million) subject to $310 million of reverse
repurchase agreement financing to HCP-2 in exchange for a 99% economic ownership
of HCP-2 (representing a 100% ownership of the non-voting preferred stock in
HCP-2). HCP-2 issued a REMIC mortgage security and sold all of the REMIC
mortgage securities except the AAA notes to two newly created wholly-owned
subsidiaries of Hanover (Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc.).
Hanover recorded its investment in HCP-2 on the equity method. Accordingly,
Hanover records 99% of the earnings or losses of HCP-2 through its ownership of
all the non-voting preferred stock of HCP-2.
HCP-2 was organized to acquire single-family residential mortgage loans from
Hanover pursuant to its formation transaction and to finance the purchase of
these mortgage loans through a REMIC securitization. The table below reflects
the activity recorded in Hanover's equity investments for the following periods
(dollars in thousands):
F-20
<PAGE> 81
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM
YEAR ENDED JUNE 10 (INCEPTION)
DECEMBER 31, TO DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
--------------------- -------------------
HCP HCP-2 Total HCP HCP-2 Total
--- ----- ----- --- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Beginning balance $ 100 -- $ 100
Applicable % of net (loss) (1,039) $ (394) (1,433) $(254) -- $(254)
Additional capital
contribution 2,700 2,700 -- -- --
Formation transaction 14,176 14,176 354 -- 354
Dividends received (a) (8,054) (8,054) -- -- --
------ ------ ------ ----- --- -----
Ending balance $1,761 $5,728 $7,489 $ 100 $-- $ 100
====== ====== ====== ===== === =====
</TABLE>
(a) represents a return of capital
8. NOTES RECEIVABLE FROM RELATED PARTIES
In connection with the Hanover's original formation transactions in September
1997, Hanover agreed to lend a maximum of $1,750,000 collectively, to four
officer/stockholders (collectively referred to as the "Principals") to enable
the Principals to pay personal income taxes on the gains they must recognize
upon contributing their HCP preferred stock to Hanover for shares of Hanover's
common stock. The loans are secured solely by 116,667 shares of Hanover's common
stock owned by the Principals, collectively. The loans bear interest at the
lowest applicable Federal tax rate during the month the loans are made. At
December 31, 1998 Hanover had loaned the Principals the full $1,750,000. The
loans bear interest at 6.02% (on $482,600 of loans) and 5.70% (on $1,267,400 of
loans).
In March 1998, Hanover agreed to lend up to an additional $1,500,000 in
unsecured loans to the Principals, in lieu of incurring the costs and expenses
Hanover was required to pay associated with the registration of 100,000 shares
of Hanover's common stock owned by the Principals. Pursuant to such agreement,
Hanover loaned the Principals an additional $1,203,880 in April 1998. The
additional loans are due and payable on March 31, 1999 and bear interest at
5.51%.
In November 1998, Hanover agreed to lend an additional $226,693 in unsecured
loans to the Principals. These loans are due and payable in November 2002 and
bear interest at 4.47% (the lowest applicable Federal tax rate in November
1998). A portion of these loans ($44,223) was repaid in February 1999.
During 1998 Hanover advanced funds to HCP pursuant to an unsecured loan
agreement. The loans to HCP bear interest at 1.00% below the prime rate. At
December 31, 1998 the loans outstanding to HCP totaled $712,824.
9. REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Reverse repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized financing
transactions and recorded at their contractual amounts. At December 31, 1998 the
Company had a total of $520
F-21
<PAGE> 82
million of committed and uncommitted mortgage asset reverse repurchase agreement
financing available pursuant to master reverse repurchase agreements with four
lenders. All borrowings pursuant to the master repurchase agreements are secured
by mortgage loans or other securities.
The reverse repurchase agreements collateralized by mortgage loans are short
term borrowings with interest rates that vary from LIBOR plus 60 basis points to
LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The lender will typically finance an amount equal
to 80% to 97% of the market value of the pledged collateral (mortgage loans)
depending on certain characteristics of the collateral (delinquencies,
liens, aging, etc.). The reverse repurchase agreement financing rates for
mortgage securities, accomplished through individual Public Securities
Associates (PSA) agreements, bear interest rates that vary from LIBOR to LIBOR
plus 50 basis points. The lender will typically finance an amount equal to 60%
to 97% of the market value of the mortgage securities, depending on the nature
of the collateral.
At December 31, 1998 the Company had outstanding borrowings on mortgage loans of
$306,239,000 under the above mentioned reverse repurchase agreements with a
weighted average borrowing rate of 6.802% and a weighted average remaining
maturity of less than one month. The reverse repurchase financing agreements at
December 31, 1998 were collateralized by mortgage loans with a cost basis of
$320,759,000.
The Company also uses the above repurchase agreement financing to finance a
portion of the collateral for mortgage backed bonds. At December 31, 1998, the
Company had outstanding borrowings of $1,911,000 with a weighted average
borrowing rate of 6.318% and a weighted average remaining maturity of less than
three months. The reverse repurchase financing agreements at December 31, 1998
were collateralized by mortgage assets with a cost basis of $2,542,000.
At December 31, 1998, the Company had outstanding mortgage securities reverse
repurchase agreement financing of $61,940,000 with a weighted average borrowing
rate of 5.336% and a remaining maturity of less than one month. The repurchase
agreement financing at December 31, 1998 was collateralized by mortgage
securities with a cost basis of $64,938,000.
The table below details the scheduled maturities of the Company's committed and
uncommitted master reverse repurchase agreements at December 31, 1998:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Committed Uncommitted Maturity Date
--------- ----------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
-- $70 million (a)
$100 million -- February 1999
100 million 100 million March 1999
150 million -- June 1999
</TABLE>
(a) the lender did not extend the term of the master reverse repurchase
agreement at the maturity date (September 1998) but has agreed to continue
to provide uncommitted financing to the Company for an unspecified
short-term period.
Information pertaining to reverse repurchase agreements for 1998 and 1997 is
summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
F-22
<PAGE> 83
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998
----------------------------------------------------------
Collateral
Mortgage for Mortgage Mortgage
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Loans (a) Backed Bonds Securities
----------------------------- --------- ------------ ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at year-end $306,239 $1,911 $ 61,940
Average balance during the period $367,656 $ 760 $224,050
Average interest rate during the period 6.511% 6.853% 5.695%
Maximum month-end balance during the
period $659,319 $2,331 $249,450
Collateral Underlying the Agreements
------------------------------------
Balance at year-end - carrying value $320,759 $2,542 $ 64,938
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997
-----------------------------------
Mortgage ARM
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Loans (a) Securities
----------------------------- --------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Balance at period-end $ 93,731 $341,407
Average balance during the period (b) $ 93,674 $341,407
Average interest rate during period (b) 6.313% 5.723%
Maximum month-end balance during the
period $ 93,731 $341,407
Collateral Underlying the Agreements
------------------------------------
Balance at period-end - carrying balance $160,970 $348,131
</TABLE>
(a) collateral includes mortgages held for sale and mortgages held to maturity.
(b) reflects the period beginning September 30, 1997 (the date of the first
mortgage asset purchase) through December 31, 1997.
Additional information pertaining to individual reverse repurchase agreement
lenders at December 31, 1998 is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION> Weighted
Reverse Average
Repurchase Accrued Total Underlying Maturity
Lender Type of Collateral Financing Interest Financing Collateral Date
- ----- ------------------ ---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Mortgage loans $118,195 $ 466 $118,641 $130,520 Feb 4, 1999
Lender A Mortgage loans 91,190 0 91,190 93,696 Feb 9, 1999
Lender B Mortgage loans 70,135 49 70,184 67,902 Feb 15, 1999
Lender C Mortgage loans 26,719 358 27,077 28,641 Feb 7, 1999
Lender C Mortgage loans 1,911 449 2,360 2,542 Mar 2, 1999
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Mortgage securities $ 58,707 $ 88 58,795 61,559 Jan 25, 1999
Lender D Mortgage securities 3,233 4 3,237 3,379 Jan 22, 1999
-------- ------- -------- --------
$370,090 $ 1,394 $371,484 $388,239
======== ======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
10. MORTGAGE BACKED BONDS
The Company, through a wholly owned subsidiary, Hanover Capital SPC, Inc. has
issued non-recourse debt in the form of mortgage backed bonds. Borrower
remittances received on the collateral for mortgage backed bonds are used to
make payments on the mortgage backed bonds. The obligations under the mortgage
backed bonds are payable solely from the collateral for mortgage backed bonds
and are otherwise non-recourse to the Company. The maturity of the bonds is
directly affected by the rate of principal prepayments on the related
collateral. The bonds are subject to redemption according to specific terms of
the respective indentures, generally when the remaining balance of the bonds
equals 20% or less of the original principal balance of the bonds. As a result,
the actual maturity of any class of mortgage backed bonds is likely to occur
earlier than its stated maturity.
Information pertaining to mortgage backed bonds financing for 1998 is summarized
as follows (dollars in thousands):
F-23
<PAGE> 84
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Mortgage
Backed Bonds
------------
<S> <C>
Balance at year-end $77,305
Average balance during the period $63,764
Average interest rate during period 6.914%
Interest rate at year-end 6.940%
Maximum month-end balance during the
period $98,391
Collateral for Mortgage Backed Bonds
-------------------------------------
Balance at year end - carrying value $81,666
</TABLE>
Aggregate annual repayments of mortgage backed bonds based upon contractual
amortization of the underlying mortgage loan collateral at December 31, 1998
were as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR AMOUNT
---- ------
<S> <C>
1999 $ 1,729
2000 1,875
2001 2,035
2002 2,207
2003 2,394
Thereafter 67,065
-------
Total $77,305
=======
</TABLE>
11. COMMON STOCK REPURCHASES
In July 1998, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized a share
repurchase program pursuant to which the Company was authorized to repurchase up
to 646,880 shares of the Company's outstanding common stock. The repurchases
will be made from time to time in open market transactions. During the period
from August through October 1998, the Company repurchased a total of 146,900
shares of its common stock at an average price of $9.16 per share for a total
cost of $1,345,000.
12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
401(k) Plan
- -----------
The Company participates in the HCP non-contributory retirement plan ("401(k)
Plan"). The 401(k) plan is available to all full-time company employees with at
least six months of service. The 401(k) Plan is designed to be tax deferred in
accordance with provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The
401(k) Plan provides that each participant may contribute 15.0% of his or her
salary subject to the maximum allowable each fiscal year ($10,000 in 1998 and
$9,500 in 1997). Under the 401(k) Plan, an employee may elect to enroll on
January 1, or July 1, provided that the employee has met the six month
employment service requirement.
1997 Stock Option Plan
- ----------------------
The Company's 1997 Executive and Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan (the
"1997 Stock Option Plan") provides for the grant of qualified incentive stock
options ("ISOs") which
F-24
<PAGE> 85
meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, stock options
not so qualified ("NQSOs"), deferred stock, restricted stock, performance
shares, stock appreciation rights and limited stock awards ("Awards") and
dividend equivalent rights ("DERs").
The 1997 Stock Option Plan authorizes the grant of options to purchase an
aggregate of up to 325,333 shares of the Company's common stock. If an option
granted under the 1997 Stock Option Plan expires or terminates, or an Award is
forfeited, the shares subject to any unexercised portion of such option or Award
will again become available for the issuance of further options or Awards under
the 1997 Stock Option Plan.
Unless previously terminated by the Board of Directors, the 1997 Stock Option
Plan will terminate ten years from the date of approval (or five years in the
case of ISO's granted to an employee who is deemed to own in excess of 10% of
the combined voting power of the Company's outstanding equity stock) and no
options or Awards may be granted under the 1997 Stock Option Plan thereafter,
but existing options or Awards remain in effect until the options are exercised
or the options or the Awards are terminated by their terms. The aggregate fair
market value (determined as of the time of grant) of the shares of the common
stock with respect to which ISO's are exercisable for the first time by an
employee during any calendar year may not exceed $100,000.
All stock options granted by the Compensation Committee pursuant to the 1997
Stock Option Plan will be contingent and may vest, subject to other vesting
requirements imposed by the Compensation Committee in full or in part on any
September 30 beginning with September 30, 1998 and ending with September 30,
2002 (each, an "Earn-Out Measuring Date"). No vesting occurred on the first
Earn-Out Measuring Date (September 30, 1998) as the Company did not meet or
exceed the vesting requirements. Subject to any other applicable vesting
restrictions, any outstanding stock options will vest in full as of any Earn-Out
Measuring Date through which the return on a unit (a unit is composed of one
common stock certificate and one warrant certificate) is at least equal to the
initial public offering price of the unit. In addition, subject to any other
applicable vesting restrictions, one-third of any outstanding stock options will
vest as of any Earn-Out Measuring Date through which the return on a unit is at
least equal to a 20% annualized return on the initial public offering price of
the unit. The return on a unit is determined by adding (i) the appreciation in
the value of the unit since the closing of the initial public offering and (ii)
the amount of distributions made by the Company on the share of common stock
included in the unit since the closing of the initial public offering. The
appreciation in the value of a unit as of any Earn-Out Measuring Date is the
average difference, during the 30 day period that ends on the Earn-Out Measuring
Date, between the market price of the share of common stock included in the unit
and the initial public offering price of the unit multiplied by two to take into
account the value of the stock warrant included in the unit. In determining
whether such stock options have vested, appropriate adjustments will be made for
stock splits, recapitalizations, stock dividends and transactions having similar
effects.
A summary of the status of the Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan as of December
31, 1998 and changes during the period from September 19, 1997 to December 31,
1997 and for the year ended December 31, 1998, is presented below:
F-25
<PAGE> 86
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
# of Weighted
Options for Average
Stock Option Activity - 1997 Shares Exercise Price Exercise Price
- ---------------------------- ------ -------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Granted - September 19, 1997 162,664 $15.00
Granted - September 28, 1997 160,660 15.75
Cancelled (3,000) 15.75
-------
Outstanding at December 31, 1997 320,324 $15.37
------- ======
Stock Option Activity - 1998
- ----------------------------
Granted - January 14, 1998 2,000 $15.94
Granted - March 9, 1998 2,000 18.13
Cancelled (1,750) 15.75
-------
Outstanding at December 31, 1998 322,574 $15.39
======= ======
</TABLE>
No shares were exercisable at December 31, 1998 and 1997.
The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the
period ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 was $0.95 and $0.27, respectively at the
date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following
weighted-average assumptions:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Expected life (years) 9 5
Risk-free interest rate 5.10% 5.77%
Volatility 60.0% 12.0%
Expected dividend yield 10.0% 10.0%
</TABLE>
The Company applies APB opinion No. 25 in accounting for its 1997 Stock Option
Plan and, accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for its stock
options in the financial statements for 1998 and 1997. Had the Company
determined compensation cost based on the fair value at the grant date for its
stock options under Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123,
Accounting For Stock-Based Compensation, the Company's net income would have
been reduced to the pro forma amounts for the period indicated below (dollars in
thousands, except per share data):
F-26
<PAGE> 87
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR PERIOD FROM JUNE 10
ENDED (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Net earnings (loss):
As reported $(4,934) $ 499
Pro forma $(4,938) 417
Earnings (loss) per share - basic:
As reported $ (0.77) $0.15
Pro forma $ (0.77) 0.13
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted :
As reported $ (0.77) $0.14
Pro forma $ (0.77) 0.11
</TABLE>
Bonus Incentive Compensation Plan
- ---------------------------------
A bonus incentive compensation plan was established in 1997, whereby an annual
bonus will be accrued for eligible participants of the Company. The annual bonus
will be paid one-half in cash and (subject to ownership limits) one-half in
shares of common stock in the following year. The Company must generate annual
net income before bonus accruals that allows for a return of equity to
stockholders in excess of the average weekly ten-year U.S. Treasury rate plus
4.0% before any bonus accrual is recorded. No such accrual was recorded in 1998
and 1997.
13. AFFILIATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company engaged HCP pursuant to a Management Agreement to render among other
things, due diligence, asset management and administrative services. The 1998
consolidated statement of operations of the Company includes management and
administrative expenses of $733,000, due diligence expenses of $687,000 and
commission expenses of $286,000 relating to billings from HCP. The 1998
consolidated statement of operations also reflects a reduction in personnel
expenses for a portion of salaries allocated (and billed) to HCP. During 1998
the Company recorded $129,300 of interest income generated from loans to the
Principals and $126,200 of interest income from loans to HCP. The 1997 statement
of operations of the Company includes management and administrative expenses of
$400,000, due diligence expenses of $266,000 and commission expenses of $61,000
relating to billings from HCP. At December 31, 1998 the consolidated balance
sheet of the Company included an amount due from HCP-2 of $304,800 and an amount
due from HCP of $8,200. The term of the Management Agreement continues until
December 31, 1999 with subsequent renewal provisions.
14. EARNINGS PER SHARE
In 1997 the Company adopted SFAS 128 for calculating earnings per share for the
periods shown below: (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
F-27
<PAGE> 88
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM JUNE 10
YEAR ENDED (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Earnings (loss) per share - basic:
Net income (loss) (numerator) $ (4,934) $ 499
========= =========
Average common shares
outstanding (denominator) 6,418,305 3,296,742
========= =========
Per share $ (0.77) $ 0.15
========= =========
Earnings (loss) per share-diluted:
Net income (loss) (numerator) $ (4,934) $ 499
========= =========
Average common shares outstanding 6,418,305 3,296,742
Add: Incremental shares from
assumed conversion of
warrants -- 374,943
--------- ---------
Dilutive potential common shares -- 374,943
--------- ---------
Adjusted weighted average shares
(denominator) 6,418,305 3,671,685
========= =========
Per share $ (0.77) $ 0.14
========= =========
</TABLE>
15. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands except share data):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM JUNE 10
YEAR ENDED (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
- -----------------------------------
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes $ 1 --
======= ====
Interest $39,876 $844
======= ====
</TABLE>
Supplemental Schedule of Noncash Activities
- -------------------------------------------
Dividends of $695 and $1,035 were declared in December 1998 and December 1997
but not paid until January 1999 and January 1998, respectively.
Acquisition of a 99% economic ownership in Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc. in
October 1998 from the contribution of $324,210 (book value) of mortgage loans
net of $309,963 of reverse repurchase agreement financing less funds to be
returned to Hanover of $71.
Acquisition of a 97% economic ownership in Hanover Capital Partners Ltd. in
September 1997 from the issuance of 716,667 shares of Hanover's common stock.
F-28
<PAGE> 89
16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Hanover entered into employment agreements with the Principals in 1997. Such
agreements are for five year terms which expire in 2002, and provide for initial
aggregate annual base salaries of $975,000 (subject to cost of living
increases). A portion of the aggregate base salaries ($360,000) is allocated to
one of Hanover's taxable subsidiaries, HCP, based on management's actual and
estimated time involved with the subsidiary's activities.
As additional consideration to the Principals for their contribution of their
HCP preferred stock to Hanover, Hanover has agreed to (1) issue to the
Principals up to 216,667 additional shares of Hanover's common stock and (2)
forgive a maximum of $1,750,000 in loans made to the Principals if certain
financial returns to stockholders are met, at certain Earn-Out Measuring Dates
as described in Hanover's IPO Prospectus dated September 15, 1997.
Hanover has guaranteed a bank line-of-credit for HCP. The maximum line-of-credit
obligation and the actual line-of-credit obligation at December 31, 1998 were
$1,400,000 and $-0-, respectively.
Hanover has guaranteed the obligations of HCP with respect to an amendment to an
office lease entered into by HCP. The office lease (anticipated to be effective
on or about May 1, 1999) is for a period of 10 years and 3 months and obligates
HCP for $2,162,300 of base rental expense plus escalation, electric and other
billings over the lease term.
Pursuant to a short-term (3 month) reverse repurchase financing agreement
entered into in November 1998, Hanover has agreed to issue and deliver to the
lender warrants to purchase approximately 300,000 shares of Hanover's common
stock. The warrants will be exercisable at a price per share equal to the
closing price of Hanover's common stock on the American Stock Exchange on the
date of the November agreement, which was $4.00. In addition, Hanover agreed to
(1) retain and compensate the lender as an underwriter on certain future
mortgage loan securitization deals, (2) have HCMC offer the lender the right to
purchase any originated commercial loans through November 2000 on the same terms
and conditions as it would offer such to a third party and (3) offer the lender
the opportunity to act as master servicer on any mortgage loan securitization
effected by the Company through November 2000 on the same terms and conditions
as it would offer such to a third party. The lender in turn will offer HCP the
opportunity to undertake due diligence services for portfolio transactions or
for securitization transactions in which the lender is not undertaking or is
otherwise contracting with third parties for such due diligence services on the
same terms and conditions as it would offer such to a third party through
November 2000.
In October 1998, the Company sold 15 adjustable rate FNMA certificates and 19
fixed rate FNMA certificates that the Company received in a swap for certain
adjustable rate and fixed rate mortgage loans. These securities were sold with
recourse. Accordingly, the Company retains credit risk with respect to the
principal amount of these mortgage securities.
F-29
<PAGE> 90
17. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
In accordance with SFAS No.107, Disclosure about Derivative Financial
Instruments, and SFAS No. 119, Disclosure about Derivative Financial Instruments
and Fair Value of Financial Instruments, the Company has provided fair value
estimates and information about valuation methodologies. The estimated fair
value amounts have been determined using available market information or
appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required
in interpreting market data to develop estimates of fair value, so the estimates
are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that would be realized in a
current market exchange. The effect of using different market assumptions and/or
estimation methodologies may materially impact the estimated fair value amounts.
The estimated fair value of the Company's assets and liabilities classified as
financial instruments and off-balance sheet financial instruments at December
31, 1998 and 1997 are as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-----------------
Carrying Fair
Amount Value
------ -----
<S> <C> <C>
Assets:
Mortgage loans $407,994 $407,694
Mortgage securities 78,478 78,473
Cash and cash equivalents 11,837 11,837
Accrued interest receivable 3,940 3,940
Notes receivable 3,893 3,893
-------- --------
Total $506,142 $505,837
======== ========
Liabilities:
Reverse repurchase agreements $370,090 $370,090
Mortgage backed bonds 77,305 77,831
Accrued interest payable 1,394 1,394
Other liabilities 1,601 1,601
-------- --------
Total $450,390 $450,916
======== ========
Carring Notional Fair
Value Amount Value
-------- -------- -----
Off-Balance Sheet:
Forward commitments to sell
mortgage securities $ -- $ 51,457 $ 51,409
======== ======== ========
Interest rate caps $ 394 $ 69,939 $ 200
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
F-30
<PAGE> 91
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1997
-----------------
Carrying Fair
Amount Value
------ -----
<S> <C> <C>
Assets:
ARM securities $348,131 $348,131
Mortgage Loans 160,970 160,970
Cash and cash equivalents 4,022 4,022
Accrued interest receivable 3,597 3,597
Notes receivable 482 482
-------- --------
Total $517,202 $517,202
======== ========
Liabilities:
Reverse repurchase agreements $435,138 $435,138
Accrued interest payable 2,250 2,250
Other liabilities 2,057 2,057
-------- -----
Total $439,445 $439,445
======== ========
Notional Fair
Off-Balance Sheet: Amount Value
-------- -----
Commitments to purchase loans $111,092 $111,132
======== ========
Forward commitments to sell
securities $122,650 $122,378
======== ========
</TABLE>
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of
the Company's financial instruments:
Mortgage loans held for sale - The fair values of these financial instruments
are based upon actual prices received upon recent sales of loans and securities
to investors and projected prices which could be obtained through investors
considering interest rates, loan type, and credit quality.
Mortgage loans held to maturity - The fair values of these financial instruments
are based upon actual prices received upon recent sales of loans and securities
to investors and projected prices which could be obtained through investors
considering interest rates, loan type, and credit quality.
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds - The fair values of these financial
instruments are based upon actual prices received upon recent sales of loans and
securities to investors and projected prices which could be obtained through
investors considering interest rates, loan type, and credit quality.
Mortgage securities available for sale - The fair values of these financial
instruments are based upon either or all of the following: actual prices
received upon recent sales of securities to investors, projected prices which
could be obtained through investors, estimates considering interest rates, loan
type, quality and discounted cash flow analysis based on prepayment and interest
rate assumptions used in the market place for similar securities with similar
credit ratings.
F-31
<PAGE> 92
Mortgage securities held to maturity - The fair values of these financial
instruments are based upon either or all of the following: actual prices
received upon recent sales of securities to investors, projected prices which
could be obtained through investor estimates considering interest rates, loan
type, quality and discounted cash flow analysis based on prepayment and interest
rate assumptions used in the market place for similar securities with similar
credit ratings.
Cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable, notes receivable,
reverse repurchase agreements, accrued interest payable, other liabilities - The
fair value of these financial instruments was determined to be their carrying
value due to their short-term nature.
Mortgage backed bonds - The fair values of these financial instruments are based
upon either or all of the following: actual prices received upon recent sales of
securities to investors, projected prices which could be obtained through
investor estimates considering interest rates, loan type, quality and discounted
cash flow analysis based on prepayment and interest rate assumptions used in the
market place for similar securities with similar credit ratings.
Commitments to purchase mortgages - The Company had outstanding commitments to
purchase loans at market terms at the time of commitment. The fair value of
these financial instruments was determined through a review of published market
information associated with similar instruments. These commitment obligations
are considered in conjunction with the Company's lower of cost or market
valuation of its loans held for sale.
Forward commitments to sell securities - The Company has outstanding forward
commitments to sell mortgage securities into mandatory delivery contracts with
investment bankers, private investors and agency-backed securities. The fair
value of these financial instruments was determined through review of published
market information associated with similar instruments. These commitment
obligations are considered in conjunction with the Company's lower of cost or
market valuation of its loans held for sale.
Interest rate caps - The fair values of these financial instruments are
estimated based on dealer quotes and is the estimated amount the Company would
pay to execute a new agreement with similar terms.
18. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On January 25, 1999 an $0.11 cash dividend previously declared by the Board of
Directors was paid to stockholders of record as of December 31, 1998.
In February and March 1999, Hanover purchased an additional 195,000 shares of
its common stock at a cost of $983,000 pursuant to the stock repurchase program
initiated in July 1998.
In March 1999, Hanover agreed to amend the notes receivable from Principals
($1,203,880) that had a scheduled maturity date of March 31, 1999, by extending
the maturity date for two additional years at the lowest applicable Federal
rate. The notes were also modified to provide for accelerated repayment by a
Principal in the event of such Principal's voluntary termination of employment.
In March 1999, the Company completed a $132,254,000 private placement
securitization of fixed rate and adjustable rate single-family residential
mortgage loans.
F-32
<PAGE> 93
19. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA - UNAUDITED
Selected quarterly financial data are as follows (dollars in thousands, except
per share data):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Three Months Three Months Three Months
Ended Ended Ended Ended
December 31, 1998 September 30, 1998 June 30, 1998 March 31, 1998
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net interest income $ 1,998 $1,692 $ 774 $2,154
==========================================================================================
Net income (loss) $(5,884) $ 346 $ (644) $1,248
==========================================================================================
Basic earnings (loss)
per share (2) $ (0.93) $ 0.05 $(0.10) $ 0.19
==========================================================================================
Diluted earnings (loss)
per share (2) $ (0.93) $ 0.05 $(0.10) $ 0.17
==========================================================================================
Dividends declared $ 0.11 $ 0.17 $ 0.21 $ 0.21
==========================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(1) (1)
Three Months Three Months June 10, 1997
Ended Ended through
December 31, 1997 September 30, 1997 June 30, 1997
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net interest income $1,548 $ 128 $ 0
========================================================================
Net income $ 440 $ 59 $ 0
========================================================================
Basic earnings per share
(2) $ 0.07 $0.07 $0.00
========================================================================
Diluted earnings per share
(2) $ 0.07 $0.07 $0.00
========================================================================
Dividends declared $ 0.16 $0.00 $0.00
========================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) - the Company was organized on June 10, 1997, however operations did not
begin until the IPO date - September 19, 1997.
(2) - earnings per share are computed independently for each of the quarters
presented; therefore the sum of the quarterly earnings per share do not
equal the earnings per share total for the year.
F-33
<PAGE> 94
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors of
Hanover Capital Partners Ltd.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hanover Capital
Partners Ltd. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 1998 and
1997, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders'
equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 1998. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of Hanover Capital
Partners Ltd. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1998 in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Parsippany, New Jersey
March 19, 1999
F-34
<PAGE> 95
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ASSETS 1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash $ 635,484 $ 208,315
Investment in marketable securities 17,992 17,394
Accounts receivable 517,245 133,829
Receivables from related parties 213,779 757,384
Accrued revenue on contracts in progress 247,100 35,413
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 192,580 118,552
---------- ----------
Total current assets 1,824,180 1,270,887
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT -- Net 141,459 213,137
MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS -- 49,449
DEFERRED TAX ASSET 801,351 20,081
OTHER ASSETS 128,572 166,670
INCOME TAX RECEIVABLE 219,563 292,885
DUE FROM OFFICER -- 53,766
---------- ----------
TOTAL ASSETS $3,115,125 $2,066,875
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accrued appraisal and subcontractor costs $ 20,730 $ 131,978
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 466,697 334,591
Deferred revenue 89,625 104,950
Note payable to related party 712,824 --
---------- ----------
Total current liabilities 1,289,876 571,519
---------- ----------
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
Note payable to bank -- 1,405,000
Minority interest -- 616
---------- ----------
Total long-term liabilities -- 1,405,616
---------- ----------
Total liabilities 1,289,876 1,977,135
---------- ----------
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock; $.01 par value, 100,000 shares
authorized, 97,000 shares outstanding at
December 31, 1998 and 1997 970 970
Common Stock:
Class A: $.01 par value, 5,000 shares authorized,
3,000 shares outstanding at December 31, 1998
and 1997 30 30
Additional paid-in capital 2,839,947 56,442
Retained earnings (deficit) (1,015,698) 32,298
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity 1,825,249 89,740
---------- ----------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $3,115,125 $2,066,875
========== ==========
</TABLE>
See note to consolidated financial statements.
F-35
<PAGE> 96
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997 AND 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997 1996
----------- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
REVENUES:
Due diligence fees $ 5,001,047 $4,058,609 $ 8,323,789
Mortgage sales and servicing 701,574 826,486 970,757
Loan brokering/asset management fees 654,748 3,027,319 2,469,378
Other income (loss) (12,609) 58,151 355,715
----------- ---------- -----------
Total revenues 6,344,760 7,970,565 12,119,639
----------- ---------- -----------
EXPENSES:
Personnel expense 4,364,725 5,373,331 4,227,226
Subcontractor expense 1,537,294 1,386,979 2,919,509
Occupancy expense 578,512 495,285 536,520
Travel and subsistence 555,382 302,936 616,795
General and administrative expense 532,006 419,543 525,143
Appraisal, inspection and other professional fees 223,262 618,059 3,128,225
Interest expense 155,128 117,894 134,393
Depreciation and amortization 107,971 117,675 125,928
Reversal of reserve for IRS assessment -- (23,160) (277,600)
----------- ---------- -----------
Total expenses 8,054,280 8,808,542 11,936,139
----------- ---------- -----------
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX PROVISION
(BENEFIT) (1,709,520) (837,977) 183,500
INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT) (661,524) (325,959) 73,870
----------- ---------- -----------
NET INCOME (LOSS) $(1,047,996) $ (512,018) $ 109,630
=========== ========== ===========
BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE $ (349.33) $ (525.79) $ 658.74
=========== ========== ===========
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-36
<PAGE> 97
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997 AND 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK COMMON STOCK COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL RETAINED
PREFERRED STOCK NEW CLASS A OLD CLASS A CLASS B PAID-IN EARNINGS
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL (DEFICIT) TOTAL
------ ------ ------ ------ -------- ------ ------- ------ ---------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1995 165.800 $ 1 41,600 $ 1 $ 165,999 $ 500,846 $ 666,847
Net income 109,630 109,630
Distribution of
subsidiary to
stockholders 6,972 6,972
Shareholders' Exchange
Agreement:
Redemption of Class A
shares (40.836) (108,559) (108,559)
Exchange of Class B
shares for Class A
shares 41.460 1 (41,600) (1) -- -- --
-------- --- ------- --- ---------- ----------- -----------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1996 166.424 2 57,440 617,448 674,890
Net (loss) (512,018) (512,018)
Dividends (noncash) (73,132) (73,132)
Agreement and Plan of
Recapitalization:
Exchange of "old"
Class A shares for
"new" Class A shares
and Series A
preferred Stock 97,000 $970 3,000 $30 (166.424) (2) (998) -- --
------ ---- ----- --- -------- --- ---------- ----------- -----------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1997 97,000 970 3,000 30 56,442 32,298 89,740
Capital contributions 2,783,505 -- 2,783,505
Net (loss) (1,047,996) (1,047,996)
------ ---- ----- --- ---------- ----------- -----------
BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 1998 97,000 $970 3,000 $30 $2,839,947 $(1,015,698) $ 1,825,249
====== ==== ===== === ========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-37
<PAGE> 98
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997 AND 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997 1996
----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss) $(1,047,996) $ (512,018) $ 109,630
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
net cash (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 107,971 117,675 125,928
Gain on sale of mortgage servicing rights (371,977) (16,916) (52,318)
Reversal of reserve for IRS assessment -- (23,160) (277,600)
IRS payroll tax settlement -- (99,240) --
Loss on disposal of property and equipment -- 35,696 --
Loss on disposal of securities 100,750 -- --
Loss on sale of trading securities -- -- 1,360
Purchase of trading securities (598) (951) (1,931)
Sale of trading securities -- -- 26,593
Distribution of subsidiary to stockholders -- -- 6,972
Changes in assets - (increase) decrease:
Accounts receivable (383,416) 3,550,036 (2,150,117)
Receivables from related parties 597,371 (315,097) (308,808)
Accrued revenue on contracts in progress (211,687) 514,368 (384,880)
Income tax receivable 73,322 (292,885) --
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (74,028) 24,474 (49,871)
Deferred tax asset (781,270) (20,081) --
Other assets 37,348 (12,254) (22,914)
Changes in liabilities - increase (decrease):
Accrued appraisal and subcontractor costs (111,248) (2,675,194) 2,741,014
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 132,106 (343,799) 104,018
Income taxes payable -- (89,477) (90,490)
Deferred income taxes -- (12,993) (17,222)
Deferred revenue (15,325) (89,384) (14,946)
Minority interest (616) 366 (26,935)
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash (used in) operating activities (1,949,293) (260,834) (282,517)
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property and equipment (33,841) (43,060) (133,317)
Sale of property and equipment -- -- 4,592
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights 418,974 34,446 94,043
Purchase of securities (100,000) -- --
Capitalization of mortgage servicing rights -- (43,783) (37,451)
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used in ) investing activities 285,133 (52,397) (72,133)
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net proceeds from (repayment of) note payable to bank (1,405,000) 360,000 (330,000)
Net proceeds from note payable to related party 712,824 -- --
Redemption of Class A common stock -- -- (66,000)
Capital contributions 2,783,505 -- --
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 2,091,329 360,000 (396,000)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 427,169 46,769 (750,650)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR 208,315 161,546 912,196
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR $ 635,484 $ 208,315 $ 161,546
=========== =========== ===========
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NONCASH ACTIVITIES:
Loans of $13,930,000, $25,649,378 and $35,831,617 were originated by
HCMC and funded by investors in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively
Noncash dividends of $73,132, were distributed to the Company's
stockholders on September 19, 1997
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the year for:
Income taxes $ 5,671 $ 129,359 $ 205,075
=========== =========== ===========
Interest $ 689,779 $ 116,993 $ 125,748
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-38
<PAGE> 99
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997 AND 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION
Hanover Capital Partners Ltd. ("HCP") and its subsidiaries operate as a
specialty finance company which is principally engaged in performing due
diligence services, mortgage and investment banking services and, prior to
September 1997, asset management services. A wholly-owned subsidiary of
HCP, Hanover Capital Mortgage Corporation ("HCMC"), is an originator and
servicer of multifamily mortgage loans. HCMC's operations are conducted
from multiple branches located throughout the United States. HCMC is
approved by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) as
a Title II Nonsupervised Mortgagee under the National Housing Act. Another
wholly-owned subsidiary of HCP, Hanover Capital Securities, Inc. ("HCS")
is a registered broker/dealer with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a. Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of HCP and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the
"Company"). The wholly-owned subsidiaries include HCMC and HCS. All
significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been
eliminated.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the required
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
b. Investments in Limited Liability Companies - Minority ownership
interests in limited liability companies are accounted for by the
equity method of accounting. HCP's investments in limited liability
companies are classified as other assets in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets. The ownership of each limited liability
company at December 31, 1998 and 1997 is detailed below:
1998 1997
---- ----
Alpine/Hanover, LLC 1.0% 1.0%
ABH-I, LLC 1.0% 1.0%
c. Revenue Recognition - Revenues from due diligence contracts in
progress are recognized for the services provided as they are earned
and billed.
d. Loan Origination Fees and Costs - Loan origination fees and costs
are deferred until the sale of the loan. The Company sells all
originated loans to investors at the time of origination, and
accordingly, recognizes loan origination fees at that time. Direct
loan origination costs and loan origination fees are offset and
included in mortgage sales and servicing.
F-39
<PAGE> 100
e. Loan Servicing Fees - Loan servicing fees consist of fees paid by
investors for the collection of monthly mortgage payments,
maintenance of required escrow accounts, remittance to investors,
and ancillary income associated with those activities. The Company
recognizes loan servicing fees as payments are collected.
f. Deferred Revenue - Cash advances received for certain service
contracts are recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance
sheets as deferred revenue and are recognized during the period the
services are provided and the related revenue is earned.
g. Income Taxes - The Company files a consolidated Federal income tax
return. The Company has not been subject to an examination of its
income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company's
tax sharing policy provides that each member of the Federal
consolidated group receive an allocation of income taxes as if each
filed a separate Federal income tax return.
HCP, HCMC and HCS generally file their state tax returns on a
separate Company basis.
Deferred income taxes are provided for the effect of temporary
timing differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability
and its reported amount in the consolidated financial statements.
h. Property and Equipment - Property and equipment is stated at cost
less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets,
generally three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are
depreciated over the terms of the respective leases or their
estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter.
i. Investment in Marketable Securities - Investment in marketable
securities which the Company has classified as trading securities
are reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at
market value at December 31, 1998 and 1997.
j. Cash and Cash Equivalents - For cash flow purposes, the Company
considers highly liquid investments, purchased with an original
maturity of three months or less, to be cash equivalents. There were
no cash equivalents at December 31, 1997.
k. Mortgage Servicing Rights - Effective January 1, 1997, the Company
adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 125,
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and
Extinguishments of Liabilities ("SFAS 125"). Under SFAS 125, after
the transfer of a financial asset, the Company recognizes the
financial assets it controls and the liabilities it has incurred.
Furthermore, the Company no longer recognizes the financial assets
for which control has been surrendered and liabilities have been
extinguished. The adoption of SFAS 125 did not have an effect on the
financial position or results of operations of the Company.
For purposes of assessing impairment, the lower of carrying value or
fair value of servicing rights is determined on an individual loan
basis. Capitalized servicing rights are amortized in proportion to
projected net servicing revenue. The fair value of servicing rights
is determined using a discounted cash flow method.
l. Basic Earnings per Share - Basic earnings per share is computed by
dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Shares issued during the period and shares reacquired during the
period are weighted for the portion of time they were outstanding.
F-40
<PAGE> 101
3. PAYROLL TAX SETTLEMENT
In 1994, the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") began an examination of the
Company's payroll tax withholding practices with respect to independent
contractors who provided services to HCP's due diligence business.
Pursuant to the IRS Classification Settlement Program ("CSP"), HCP settled
all disputed payroll taxes relating to the IRS examination of HCP's
payroll withholding practices with respect to independent contractors. In
October 1997, management agreed to the terms of the CSP which required HCP
to pay the United States Government $99,240 in full discharge of any
federal employment tax liability and to further treat the workers as
employees (rather than independent contractors) on a prospective basis
effective April 1, 1998.
At December 31, 1995, HCP had recorded an accrual of $400,000 for payroll
withholding tax for independent contractors. HCP recorded a reversal of
reserve of $23,160 and $277,600 for the payroll tax matter in the
accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively, to adjust the previously
established reserve to the actual and expected settlement amounts.
4. CONCENTRATION RISK
For the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, the Company received
revenues from certain customers, which are subject to change annually,
which exceeded 10% of total revenues as follows:
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Major Customer #1 28% 24% 46%
Major Customer #2 13% 18% 26%
5. MORTGAGE SERVICING
The Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, HCMC, services
multifamily mortgage loans on behalf of others. Loan servicing consists of
the collection of monthly mortgage payments on behalf of investors,
reporting information to those investors on a monthly basis and
maintaining custodial escrow accounts for the payment of principal and
interest to investors and property taxes and insurance premiums on behalf
of borrowers. As of December 31, 1998 and 1997, HCMC was servicing 13 and
43 loans, respectively, with unpaid principal balances of $46,329,000 and
$120,736,400 including loans subserviced for others of $27,533,700 and
$40,055,200 respectively. Escrow balances maintained by HCMC were
$1,316,400 and $3,087,400 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The
aforementioned servicing portfolio and related escrow accounts are not
included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December
31, 1998 and 1997.
F-41
<PAGE> 102
Activity in mortgage servicing rights for the years ended December 31,
1998 and 1997 was as follows:
1998 1997
-------- --------
Beginning balance $ 49,449 $ 30,587
Capitalization - 43,783
Sales (46,997) (17,530)
Scheduled amortization (2,452) (7,391)
-------- --------
$ - $ 49,449
======== ========
The fair value of the Company's capitalized servicing rights at December
31, 1997 was $79,504.
6. MORTGAGE OPERATIONS
In September 1998, the Company purchased a portfolio of single family
mortgage loans with a principal balance of $101,586,036. This balance was
comprised of fixed rate loans ($22,752,341) and adjustable rate loans
($78,833,695). The mortgage loan portfolio was purchased at 101.395% of
par value. The Company sold this portfolio of loans at book value to
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. During the period in which the
Company owned the loan portfolio, net interest income of $121,585 was
recognized and is reported as a component of other income (loss) in the
1998 consolidated statement of operations.
7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Receivables from related parties at December 31, 1998 and 1997 consist of
the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Due from Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. (1) $ 82,782 $540,044
Due from ABH-I, LLC (includes $9,005 and $28,984 of asset
management fees at December 31, 1998 and 1997,
respectively) (2) 16,015 51,321
Due from Hanover Asset Services, Inc. (3) -- 8,070
Due from Alpine/Hanover, LLC (2) -- 9,273
Due from Alpine/Hanover II, LLC (3) -- 5,000
Due from Hanover Mortgage Capital Corporation (3) 9,342 5,962
Due from AGR Financial, LLC (4) 44,192 80,813
Due from Hanover Investment Fund (3) 2,250 --
Due from Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc. (6) 5,150 --
-------- --------
Due from related entities 159,731 700,483
Due from officers (5) 54,048 110,667
-------- --------
Receivables from related parties $213,779 $811,150
======== ========
</TABLE>
(1) The Company entered into a Management Agreement in 1998 to provide,
among other services, due diligence, asset management and
administrative services to Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc.
("HCHI") in connection with acquiring single-family mortgage loan
pools and managing and servicing HCHI's investment portfolio. The
term of the Management Agreement continues until December 31, 1999
with subsequent renewal provisions.
F-42
<PAGE> 103
(2) Amounts due from entities that the Company had a minority ownership
percentage in represent receivables resulting primarily from fees
generated from asset management services and out-of-pocket expenses.
The Company ceased providing asset management services to these
entities in September 1997. Asset management fees are recognized in
the period earned and amounted to $2,446,000 and $1,370,000 for the
years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
(3) Amounts due from entities that are owned by certain of the Company's
officers/owners represent receivables resulting primarily from
accounting fees and out-of-pocket expenses.
(4) Amounts due from AGR Financial, LLC represent unpaid billings for
services that the Company provides to AGR Financial, LLC pursuant to
an agreement dated August 1996. The services include but are not
limited to providing AGR Financial, LLC with software operating
systems, processing capabilities and accounting services.
(5) Amounts due from officers at December 31, 1998 include $53,766
from the Company's President which is scheduled to be repaid in
August 1999.
(6) Amounts due reflect certain costs that the Company paid for Hanover
Capital Partners 2, Inc. in connection with a security transaction
completed by Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc. in October 1998.
8. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment at December 31, 1998 and 1997 consists of the
following:
1998 1997
--------- ---------
Office machinery and equipment $ 415,032 $ 381,189
Furniture and fixtures 111,246 111,246
Leasehold improvements 68,553 68,553
--------- ---------
594,831 560,988
Less accumulated depreciation (453,372) (347,851)
--------- ---------
Property and equipment - net $ 141,459 $ 213,137
========= =========
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
was $105,519, $110,284, and $113,885, respectively.
9. INCOME TAXES
The components of deferred income taxes as of December 31, 1998 and 1997
are as follows:
1998 1997
--------- --------
Deferred tax assets $ 813,003 $ 44,499
Deferred tax liabilities (11,652) (24,418)
--------- --------
Net deferred tax assets $ 801,351 $ 20,081
========= ========
F-43
<PAGE> 104
The items resulting in significant temporary differences for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 that generate deferred tax assets relate
primarily to the recognition of deferred revenue, accounts payable and
accrued liabilities for financial reporting purposes. Temporary
differences that generate deferred tax liabilities relate primarily to the
Company's change from the cash method to the accrual method of accounting
for income tax reporting purposes.
The components of the income tax provision (benefit) for the years ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 consist of the following:
1998 1997 1996
--------- --------- --------
Current - Federal, state and local $ -- $(292,885) $ 91,092
Deferred - Federal, state and local (661,524) (33,074) (17,222)
--------- --------- --------
Total $(661,524) $(325,959) $ 73,870
========= ========= ========
The income tax provision (benefit) differs from amounts computed at
statutory rates, as follows:
1998 1997 1996
--------- --------- --------
Federal income taxes (benefit) at
statutory rate $(595,554) $(285,167) $ 56,518
State and local income taxes (benefit)
net of Federal benefit (76,256) (59,486) 14,836
Unconsolidated subsidiary's net income
(loss) -- 1,177 (12,793)
Meals and entertainment 6,002 4,052 3,719
Officer's life insurance 4,273 9,613 8,576
Other, net 11 3,852 3,014
--------- --------- --------
Total $(661,524) $(325,959) $ 73,870
========= ========= ========
The Company has a Federal net operating loss carryforward of approximately
$1.4 million which begins to expire in the year 2012.
10. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
On September 19, 1997, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of
Recapitalization ("Agreement") with its four stockholders to recapitalize
the Company. The Agreement provided for the tax-free exchange of the
stockholders 166.424 Class A "old" common stock shares for 3,000 shares of
"new" Class A common stock shares, $0.01 par value (representing a 3%
economic interest in the Company) and 97,000 shares of Series A preferred
stock, $0.01 par value (representing a 97% economic interest in the
Company). The preferred stock has no dividend rate or preference over the
common stock. Dividend distributions will be made in the same amount on a
per share basis of the common stock as for the preferred stock. Dividend
distributions will be made to the common stockholders and the preferred
stockholders in proportion to the number of outstanding shares. The
preferred stockholder has the right to receive $10,750,005 upon
liquidation of the Company before common stockholders receive any
liquidating distributions.
11. NOTE PAYABLE TO BANK
In December 1996, HCP entered into a $2.0 million Line of Credit Facility
Agreement ("Line") with a bank that extends through December 31, 1999. The
note payable to the bank at December 31, 1997
F-44
<PAGE> 105
consisted of a short-term note of $1,405,000 with an annual interest rate
at the prime rate as of December 31, 1997. The interest rate in effect at
December 31, 1997 was 8.50%. The maximum borrowing capacity under the
terms of the Line reduce every six (6) months, beginning at June 30, 1997,
by $150,000. The line was collateralized by all of the assets of HCHI and
guaranteed by HCHI. Prior to September 1997, the line was collateralized
by all of the assets of the Company and guaranteed by the President and
all of the wholly-owned subsidiaries of HCP.
At December 31, 1997, the Company was in violation of certain financial
debt covenants of the Line that required the Company (on a stand-alone
basis) to: (1) maintain a maximum debt to net worth ratio of 3 to 1 at
December 31, 1997 and (2) to maintain a minimum debt service coverage
ratio of 1.25 to 1.00 at December 31, 1997. To mitigate the above
violations, the Company agreed to make a voluntary paydown on the Line of
$860,000 on February 17, 1998, thereby reducing the outstanding borrowings
on the line to $505,000. The Line was subsequently paid down in full in
July 1998.
12. NOTE PAYABLE TO RELATED PARTY
At December 31, 1998 the Company had a principal balance outstanding on a
note payable to Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. in the amount of
$712,824. The note bears interest at the prime rate minus 1% and interest
is calculated on the daily principal balance outstanding. At December 31,
1998 the interest rate in effect was 7.0%. Included in the 1998
consolidated statement of operations is interest expense in the amount of
$126,158 related to this note payable.
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company has noncancelable operating lease agreements for office space.
Future minimum rental payments for such leases are as follows:
YEAR AMOUNT
---------- ----------
1999 $ 276,322
2000 358,531
2001 351,721
2002 299,586
2003 262,220
Thereafter 1,211,137
----------
Total $2,759,517
==========
Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 amounted
to $250,684, $310,814 and $339,421, respectively.
HCHI has guaranteed the obligations of the Company with respect to an
amendment to an office lease entered into by the Company. The office lease
(anticipated to be effective on or about May 1, 1999) is for a period of
10 years and 3 months and obligates the Company for $2,162,300 of base
rental expense plus escalation, electric and other billings over the lease
term.
******
F-45
<PAGE> 106
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors of
Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc.
New York, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Hanover Capital
Partners 2, Inc. and Subsidiary (the "Company") as of December 31, 1998 and the
related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash
flows for the period from October 7, 1998 (inception) through December 31, 1998.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Hanover Capital
Partners 2, Inc. and Subsidiary as of December 31, 1998, and the results of
their consolidated operations and their consolidated cash flows for the period
from October 7, 1998 (inception) through December 31, 1998 in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Parsippany, New Jersey
March 19, 1999
F-46
<PAGE> 107
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS 2, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(in thousands, except as noted)
ASSETS DECEMBER 31,
1998
------------
Mortgage loans:
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds $300,599
Cash and cash equivalents 143
Accrued interest receivable 1,868
Deferred financing costs 3,191
--------
TOTAL ASSETS $305,801
========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES:
Mortgage backed bonds $297,682
Accrued interest payable 1,868
Due to related parties 310
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 154
--------
Total liabilities 300,014
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, par value $.01
authorized, 9,900 shares, issued
and outstanding, 9,900 shares --
Common stock, par value $.01
authorized, 100 shares, issued and
outstanding, 100 shares --
Additional paid-in-capital 14,319
Retained (deficit) (8,532)
--------
Total stockholders' equity 5,787
--------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $305,801
========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-47
<PAGE> 108
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS 2, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS PERIOD FROM OCTOBER 7 (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 (in thousands, except per share data)
REVENUES:
Interest income $ 5,611
Interest expense 5,965
----------
Net interest expense (354)
Loan loss provision 38
----------
Net interest expense after loan loss
provision (392)
----------
EXPENSES:
Operating 5
----------
NET (LOSS) $ (397)
==========
BASIC (LOSS) PER SHARE $(3,974.00)
==========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-48
<PAGE> 109
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS 2, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
PERIOD FROM OCTOBER 7 (INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 1998
(in thousands, except share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PREFERRED STOCK COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL
------------------ ------------------ PAID-IN- RETAINED
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL (DEFICIT) TOTAL
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of
common stock -- -- 100 -- $ 143 $ 143
Issuance of
preferred stock 9,900 -- -- -- 14,176 $ 14,176
Net (loss) (397) (397)
Dividends declared (8,135) (8,135)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCE,
DECEMBER 31, 1998 9,900 -- 100 -- $14,319 $(8,532) $ 5,787
=================================================================================
</TABLE>
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-49
<PAGE> 110
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS 2, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS PERIOD FROM OCTOBER 7 (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 (in thousands, except share data)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net (loss) $ (397)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) to
net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of net premium and deferred costs 353
Loan loss provision 38
(Increase) in accrued interest receivable (1,868)
Increase in accrued interest payable 1,868
Increase in due to related parties 241
Increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities 73
---------
Net cash provided by operating activities 308
---------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Principal payments received on collateral for
mortgage backed bonds 20,082
Transfer of premium and deferred hedge 3,320
---------
Net cash provided by investing activities 23,402
---------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from mortgage backed bonds 317,764
Payoff of reverse repurchase agreements (309,963)
Payments on mortgage backed bonds (20,082)
Deferred financing costs (3,375)
Capital contributions 143
Payment of dividends (8,054)
---------
Net cash (used in) financing activities (23,567)
---------
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS $ 143
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD $ --
---------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD $ 143
=========
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH ACTIVITIES
9,900 shares of preferred stock were issued in exchange for
$324,210 (book value) of mortgage loans net of $309,963 of
reverse repurchase financing in October 1998.
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the year for interest $ 3,913
=========
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-50
<PAGE> 111
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS 2, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PERIOD FROM OCTOBER 7 (INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 1998
1. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated in Delaware on
October 7, 1998. The Company was formed to acquire single-family residential
mortgage loans from Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. pursuant to its
formation transaction and to finance the purchase of these mortgage loans
through a REMIC securitization.
Hanover SPC-2, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, was incorporated
in Delaware on October 9, 1998 for the sole purpose of selling certain
investment grade and subordinated securities to Hanover Capital Mortgage
Holdings, Inc., through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc.
and Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc.
CAPITALIZATION
At the time of incorporation, the Company was authorized to issue 9,900 shares
of preferred stock at $.01 per share and 100 shares of common stock at $.01 per
share.
In October 1998, the Company received $324.2 million of fixed rate mortgage
loans (with a par value of $318 million) subject to $310.0 million of reverse
repurchase agreement financing from Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. in
exchange for the issuance of 9,900 shares of non-voting preferred stock
(representing a 99% economic ownership of the Company). In October 1998, the
Company also received cash proceeds of $143,189 for the issuance of 100 shares
of common stock (representing a 1% economic ownership of the Company).
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hanover Capital
Partners 2, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Hanover SPC-2, Inc. All
significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
F-51
<PAGE> 112
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The
Company's estimates and assumptions primarily arise from risks and uncertainties
associated with interest rate volatility, credit exposure and regulatory
changes. Although management is not currently aware of any factors that would
significantly change its estimates and assumptions in the near term, future
changes in market trends and conditions may occur which could cause actual
results to differ materially.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents may include cash on hand, overnight investments
deposited with banks and government securities with maturities of less than 30
days.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Mortgage loan interest income is recognized on the accrual method based on the
net coupon after deducting service fees.
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS
Deferred financing costs incurred ($3,375,000) in connection with the
securitization were capitalized and are being amortized as part of interest
expense over the life of the mortgage backed bonds.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings or losses per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing
income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number
of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings or loss per
share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other
contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock
that then shared in earnings and losses. Shares issued during the period and
shares reacquired during the period are weighted for the period they were
outstanding.
3. MORTGAGE LOANS
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds
In October 1998 the Company issued its first real estate mortgage investment
conduit ("REMIC") security. $317,764,000 of par value single family fixed rate
residential mortgage loans were assigned as collateral for the Company's
mortgage backed bond (REMIC) security. The Company has limited exposure to
credit risk retained on loans it has securitized through the issuance of
collateralized bonds. All mortgage loans held as collateral for mortgage backed
bonds are reported at cost. Premiums, discounts and all deferred costs
associated with the mortgage loans held as collateral for mortgage backed bonds
are amortized into interest income over the lives of the mortgage loans using
the effective yield method adjusted for the effects of prepayments.
The following table summarizes the Company's single-family fixed rate mortgage
loan pools classified as held to maturity (and held as collateral for mortgage
backed bonds), which are carried at cost at December 31, 1998 (dollars in
thousands):
F-52
<PAGE> 113
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Fixed rate $297,682
Net premiums, and
deferred costs 2,955
Loan loss provision (38)
--------
Carrying value $300,599
========
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company's
single-family fixed rate mortgage loans held as collateral for mortgage backed
bonds at December 31, 1998 (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Carrying Value Principal Amount
of Collateral for of Collateral for Weighted Weighted
Mortgage Backed Mortgage Backed Average Average
Bonds Bonds Net Coupon Maturity (1)
----- ----- ---------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
$300,599 $297,682 7.549% 307
======== ======== ===== ===
</TABLE>
(1) weighted average maturity reflects the number of months remaining until
maturity.
The average effective yield after amortization of net premiums, discounts and
deferred costs for 1998 on the collateral for the mortgage backed bond portfolio
was 7.004%.
4. CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
The Company's exposure to credit risk associated with its investment activities
is measured on an individual customer basis as well as by groups of customers
that share similar attributes. In the normal course of its business, the Company
has concentrations of credit risk in its mortgage portfolio for loans in certain
geographic areas. At December 31, 1998, the percent of total principal amount of
loans outstanding in any one state, exceeding 5% of the principal amount of
mortgage loans are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
State
-----
<S> <C>
Illinois 18%
California 10
Florida 10
Ohio 8
Indiana 7
Texas 6
Arizona 6
Kentucky 6
---
71%
===
</TABLE>
F-53
<PAGE> 114
5. AFFILIATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In October 1998, the Company received $324.2 million of fixed assets mortgage
loans (with a per value of $318 million) subject to $310.0 million of reverse
repurchase agreement financing from Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. in
exchange for the issuance of 9,800 shares of non-voting preferred stock
(representing a 99% economic ownership of the Company).
At December 31, 1998 the Company reflected amounts due to Hanover Capital
Mortgage Holdings, Inc. of $304,800 and Hanover Capital Partners, Ltd. of $5,200
for the payment of operating expenses and securitization costs.
6. MORTGAGE BACKED BONDS
The Company, through a wholly owned subsidiary, Hanover SPC-2, Inc. has issued
non- recourse debt in the form of mortgage backed bonds. Borrower remittances
received on the collateral for mortgage backed bonds are used to make payments
on the mortgage backed bonds. The obligations under the mortgage backed bonds
are payable solely from the collateral for mortgage backed bonds and are
otherwise non-recourse to the Company. The maturity of the bonds is directly
affected by the rate of principal prepayments on the related collateral. The
bonds are subject to redemption according to specific terms of the respective
indentures, generally when the remaining balance of the bonds equals 20% or less
of the original principal balance of the bonds. As a result, the actual maturity
of any class of mortgage backed bonds is likely to occur earlier than its stated
maturity.
Information pertaining to mortgage backed bonds financing for 1998 is summarized
as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Mortgage
Backed Bonds
------------
<S> <C>
Balance at period-end $297,682
Average balance during the period $307,843
Average interest rate during the period 7.512%
Interest rate at period end 7.543%
Maximum month-end balance during the
period $317,764
Collateral for Mortgage Backed Bonds
- --------------------------------------
Balance at period end - carrying value $300,599
</TABLE>
Aggregate annual repayments of mortgage backed bonds based upon contractual
amortization of the underlying mortgage loan collateral at December 31, 1998
were as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR AMOUNT
---- ------
<S> <C> <C>
1999 $ 3,738
2000 4,045
2001 4,378
2002 4,738
2003 5,127
Thereafter 275,656
--------
Total $297,682
========
</TABLE>
F-54
<PAGE> 115
7. INCOME TAXES
The Company and its wholly owned subsidiary file a consolidated Federal income
tax return. They each file separate income tax returns. Deferred income taxes
are provided for the effects of temporary differences between the basis of an
asset or liability and its reported amount in the financial statements. The
significant differences between the statutory income tax rate result primarily
from state income taxes and the recording of a valuation allowance for the
entire tax benefit including the deferred tax asset. The significant
differences giving rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities result primarily
from the treatment of the REMIC transaction as a sale for income tax purposes.
The Company had a net deferred tax asset of approximately $2,725,000 which is
fully reserved by a valuation allowance. This deferred tax asset is
substantially the result of a net operating loss carryforward in the amount of
$3,800,000 which expires in the year 2013 for Federal income tax purposes and
a capital loss carryforward of $3,063,000.
8. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
In accordance with SFAS No. 107, Disclosure about Derivative Financial
Instruments, and SFAS No. 119, Disclosure about Derivative Financial Instruments
and Fair Value of Financial Instruments, the Company has provided fair value
estimates and information about valuation methodologies. The estimated fair
value amounts have been determined using available market information or
appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required
in interpreting market data to develop estimates of fair value, so the estimates
are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that would be realized in a
current market exchange. The effect of using different market assumptions and/or
estimation methodologies may materially impact the estimated fair value amounts.
The estimated fair value of the Company's assets and liabilities classified as
financial instruments at December 31, 1998 is as follows (dollars in thousands):
F-55
<PAGE> 116
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Carrying Fair
Amount Value
-------- -----
<S> <C> <C>
Assets:
Mortgage loans
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds $300,599 $297,367
Cash and cash equivalents 143 143
Accrued interest receivable 1,868 1,868
-------- --------
Total $302,610 $299,378
======== ========
Liabilities:
Mortgage backed bonds $297,682 $297,367
Accrued interest payable 1,868 1,868
Other liabilities 464 464
-------- --------
Total $300,014 $299,699
======== ========
</TABLE>
The Company had no off-balance sheet financial instruments at December 31, 1998.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of
the Company's financial instruments:
Collateral for mortgage backed bonds - The fair values of mortgage loans are
based upon actual prices received upon recent sales of loans and securities to
investors and projected prices which could be obtained through investors
considering interest rates, loan type, and credit quality.
Cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable, accrued interest
payable, other liabilities - The fair value of these instruments was determined
to be their carrying value due to their short-term nature.
Mortgage backed bonds -- The fair value of these financial instruments are
based upon either or all of the following: actual prices received upon record
sales of securities to investors, projected prices which could be obtained
through investor estimates considering interest rates, loan type, quality and
discount cash flow analysis based upon prepayment and interest rate
assumptions used in the market place for similar securities with similar credit
ratings.
F-56
<PAGE> 117
EXHIBIT INDEX
*3.1 Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended
*3.2 By-Laws of the Company
*4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate
*4.2 Warrant Agreement pursuant to which Warrants are to be issued
(including form of Warrant)
*4.3 Representatives' Warrant Agreement pursuant to which the
Representatives' Warrants are to be issued
*4.4 Specimen Unit Certificate
*10.3 Registration Rights Agreement
*10.4 Shareholders' Agreement of HCP
*10.5 Agreement and Plan of Recapitalization
*10.6 Bonus Incentive Compensation Plan
*10.7 1997 Executive and Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan
*10.8 Employment Agreement by and between the Company and John A.
Burchett
*10.9 Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Irma N.
Tavares
*10.10 Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Joyce S.
Mizerak
*10.11 Employment Agreement by and between the Company and George J.
Ostendorf
*10.12 Standard Form of Office Lease, dated as of May 6, 1991, by and
between Irwin Kahn and HCP, as amended by the First Amendment
of Lease, dated as of July 1, 1996
*10.13 Office Lease Agreement, dated as of March 1, 1994, by and
between Metroplex Associates and HCMC, as amended by the First
Modification and Extension of Lease Amendment, dated as of
February 28, 1997
*10.14 Indenture, dated as of June 28, 1993, by and between LaSalle
National Bank, N.A., as Trustee, and HCP, as amended by the
Lease Agreement, dated as of August 23, 1995
*10.15 Office building space, dated as of February 5, 1993, by and
between Bonhomme Place Associates, Inc. and HCMC, as amended
by Lease Amendment #1, dated as of December 1, 1993 and as
further amended by Second Amendment and Extension of Lease,
dated as of March 1, 1996
61
<PAGE> 118
*10.16 Office Lease and Service Agreement, dated as of August 28,
1995 by and between Federal Deposit Insurance Receiver for
Merchants Bank and HCP
*10.17 Agreement of Lease, dated as of January 8, 1997 by and between
Saint Paul Executive Office Suites, Inc., d.b.a. LesWork Inc.
and HCP
*10.18 Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of December 10, 1996
between Fleet National Bank and HCP
*10.19 Guaranty, dated as of December 10, 1996, by John A. Burchett
to Fleet National Bank
*10.20 Guaranty, dated as of December 10, 1996, by HCMC to Fleet
National Bank
*10.21 Guaranty, dated as of December 10, 1996, by HCMF to Fleet
National Bank
*10.22 Guaranty, dated as of December 10, 1996, by HCA to Fleet
National Bank
*10.23 Guaranty, dated as of December 10, 1996, by HCS to Fleet
National Bank
*10.24 Modification Agreement, dated as of June , 1997, among Fleet
National Bank, HCP, HCMC, HCMF, HCS, HCA and John A. Burchett
*10.25 Contribution Agreement
*10.26 Participation Agreement
*10.27 Loan Agreement
**10.28 Master Repurchase Agreement Governing Purchases and Sales of
Mortgage Loans, between Nomura Asset Capital Corporation and
the Company, dated September 29, 1997
****10.29 Management Agreement, dated as of January 1, 1998, by and
between the Company and HCP
****10.30 Master Loan and Security Agreement between the Company and
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc., dated as of December 8,
1997
***10.31 Master Loan and Security Agreement by and between Greenwich
Capital Financial Products, Inc. and Hanover Capital Mortgage
Holdings, Inc., dated March 30, 1998
10.32 Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement
between the Company, HCP and Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital
Inc., dated January 8, 1999.
10.33 Purchase Price and Terms Letter agreement between Residential
Funding Corporation and the Company, dated November 10, 1998.
62
<PAGE> 119
21 Subsidiaries of the Company
27 Financial Data Schedule
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Registration
Statement No. 333-29261, as amended, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
** Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Form 10-Q, as
amended, for the quarter ended September 30, 1997, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
*** Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Form 10-Q, for the
quarter ended March 31, 1998, as filed with Securities and Exchange
Commission.
**** Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1997, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
63
<PAGE> 1
CWT Draft December 29, 1998
================================================================================
AMENDED AND RESTATED
MASTER LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
-----------------------------
DATED AS OF JANUARY 8, 1999
------------------------------
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
AS BORROWER
AND
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD
AS BORROWER
AND
MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC.
AS LENDER
================================================================================
<PAGE> 2
<TABLE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<S> <C>
RECITALS 1
SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING MATTERS 1
1.01 CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS 1
1.02 ACCOUNTING TERMS AND DETERMINATIONS 10
SECTION 2. LOANS, NOTE AND PREPAYMENTS 10
2.01 LOANS 10
2.02 AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTE 10
2.03 PROCEDURE FOR BORROWING 11
2.04 LIMITATION ON TYPES OF LOANS; ILLEGALITY 12
2.05 REPAYMENT OF LOANS; INTEREST 12
2.06 MANDATORY PREPAYMENTS OR PLEDGE 12
2.07 OPTIONAL PREPAYMENTS 13
2.08 INDEMNITY 13
2.09 EXTENSION OF TERMINATION DATE 13
SECTION 3. PAYMENTS; COMPUTATIONS; ETC. 14
3.01 PAYMENTS 14
3.02 COMPUTATIONS 14
3.03 REQUIREMENTS OF LAW 14
3.04 COMMITMENT FEE 15
3.05 EXIT FEE 15
SECTION 4. COLLATERAL SECURITY 16
4.01 COLLATERAL; SECURITY INTEREST 16
4.02 FURTHER DOCUMENTATION 17
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
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4.03 CHANGES IN LOCATIONS, NAME, ETC. 17
4.04. LENDER'S APPOINTMENT AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT 17
4.05. PERFORMANCE BY LENDER OF BORROWERS' OBLIGATIONS 18
4.06. PROCEEDS 18
4.07. REMEDIES 19
4.08. LIMITATION ON DUTIES REGARDING PRESERVATION OF COLLATERAL 20
4.09. POWERS COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST 20
4.10 RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST 20
SECTION 5. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT 20
5.01 INITIAL LOAN 20
5.02 INITIAL AND SUBSEQUENT LOANS 21
SECTION 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 22
6.01 EXISTENCE 23
6.02 FINANCIAL CONDITION 23
6.03 LITIGATION 23
6.04 NO BREACH 23
6.05 ACTION 24
6.06 APPROVALS 24
6.07 MARGIN REGULATIONS 24
6.08 TAXES 24
6.09 INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT 24
6.10 COLLATERAL; COLLATERAL SECURITY 24
6.11 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICE 25
6.12 LOCATION OF BOOKS AND RECORDS 25
6.13 HEDGING 25
6.14 TRUE AND COMPLETE DISCLOSURE 25
</TABLE>
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6.15 TANGIBLE NET WORTH 25
6.16 ERISA 25
6.17 PERCENTAGE OWNERSHIP 26
SECTION 7. COVENANTS OF THE BORROWERS 26
7.01 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 26
7.02 LITIGATION 28
7.03 EXISTENCE, ETC. 28
7.04 PROHIBITION OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES 29
7.05 BORROWING BASE DEFICIENCY 29
7.06 NOTICES 29
7.07 HEDGING 29
7.08 REPORTS 29
7.09 UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES 30
7.10 TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES 30
7.11 LIMITATION ON LIENS 30
7.12 LIMITATION ON GUARANTEES 30
7.13 LIMITATION ON DISTRIBUTIONS 30
7.14 MAINTENANCE OF TANGIBLE NET WORTH 30
7.15 MAINTENANCE OF RATIO OF TOTAL INDEBTEDNESS TO TANGIBLE NET WORTH 30
7.16 MAINTENANCE OF PROFITABILITY 31
7.17 SERVICING TAPE 31
7.18 MAINTENANCE OF LIQUIDITY 31
7.19 REQUIRED FILINGS 31
7.20 NO ADVERSE SELECTION 31
7.21 LIMITATION ON SUBSIDIARY FORMATION 31
SECTION 8. EVENTS OF DEFAULT 31
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SECTION 9. REMEDIES UPON DEFAULT 33
SECTION 10. NO DUTY OF LENDER 34
SECTION 11. MISCELLANEOUS 34
11.01 WAIVER 34
11.02 NOTICES 34
11.03 INDEMNIFICATION AND EXPENSES 34
11.04 AMENDMENTS 35
11.05 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS 35
11.06 SURVIVAL 35
11.07 CAPTIONS 35
11.08 COUNTERPARTS 36
11.09 LOAN AGREEMENT CONSTITUTES SECURITY AGREEMENT; GOVERNING LAW 36
11.10 SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; WAIVERS 36
11.11 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL 36
11.12 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 37
11.13 HYPOTHECATION OR PLEDGE OF LOANS 37
11.14 SERVICING 37
11.15 PERIODIC DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW 38
11.16 SET-OFF 38
11.17 INTENT 39
11.18 INTENT 39
SCHEDULES
SCHEDULE 1 Representations and Warranties re: Mortgage Loans
SCHEDULE 2 Filing Jurisdictions and Offices
EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT A Form of Promissory Note EXHIBIT B Form of Custodial Agreement
EXHIBIT C Form of Opinion of Counsel to Borrower
EXHIBIT D Form of Request for Borrowing
EXHIBIT E-1 Form of Borrower's Release Letter
EXHIBIT E-2 Form of Warehouse Lender's Release Letter
EXHIBIT F Underwriting Guidelines
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EXHIBIT G Form of Blocked Account Agreement
EXHIBIT H Form of Servicer Notice
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AMENDED AND RESTATED MASTER LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
AMENDED AND RESTATED MASTER LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of
January 8, 1999, between HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC., ("HCMH"); a
Maryland corporation, HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD, a New York corporation
("HCP", together with HCMH, the "BORROWERS"), and MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE
CAPITAL INC., a Delaware corporation (the "LENDER").
RECITALS
The Borrowers have requested that the Lender from time to time make
revolving credit loans to it to finance certain residential mortgage loans owned
by the Borrowers, and the Lender is prepared to make such loans upon the terms
and conditions hereof. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. entered into that certain Master
Loan and Security Agreement, dated December 8, 1997 (the "EXISTING AGREEMENT")
with the Lender to finance certain mortgage loans on the terms and conditions as
set forth in the Existing Agreement. Pursuant to that certain Amendment #3 and
Joinder, dated as of September 21, 1998, Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc.
and the Lender agreed to add Hanover Capital Partners, LTD as an additional
Borrower. The Borrowers and the Lender desire to amend and restate the Existing
Agreement to provide terms and conditions under which the Lender is prepared to
make further loans to the Borrowers from and after the date hereof.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Existing Agreement is hereby amended and restated in
its entirety, as provided in the heading and recitals hereto, to read in its
entirety as follows:
Section 1. DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING MATTERS.
1.01 CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS. As used herein, the following terms shall have
the following meanings (all terms defined in this Section 1.01 or in other
provisions of this Loan Agreement in the singular to have the same meanings when
used in the plural and VICE VERSA):
"AFFILIATE" shall mean with respect to any Person, any "affiliate" of such
Person, as such term is defined in the Bankruptcy Code.
"AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTE" shall mean the promissory note provided for by
Section 2.02(a) hereof for Loans and any promissory note delivered in
substitution or exchange therefor, in each case as the same shall be modified
and supplemented and in effect from time to time.
"APPLICABLE COLLATERAL PERCENTAGE" shall mean (a) with respect to all
Eligible Mortgage Loans other than Second Lien Mortgage Loans and Delinquent
Mortgage Loans, 96%, (b) with respect to all Eligible Mortgage Loans that are
Second Lien Mortgage Loans, 90%, (c) with respect to all Eligible Mortgage Loans
that are 30 Day Delinquent Mortgage Loans, 85% and (d) with respect to all
Eligible Mortgage Loans that are 60 Day Delinquent Mortgage Loans, 80%.
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"APPLICABLE MARGIN" shall mean (a) with respect to all Eligible Mortgage
Loans that are not Delinquent Mortgage Loans, 100 basis points (1.00%) and (b)
with respect to all Eligible Mortgage Loans that are Delinquent Mortgage Loans,
150 basis points (1.50%).
"APPRAISED VALUE" shall mean the value set forth in an appraisal made in
connection with the origination of the related Mortgage Loan as the value of the
Mortgaged Property.
"ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE" means, with respect to any mortgage, an assignment
of the mortgage, notice of transfer or equivalent instrument in recordable form,
sufficient under the laws of the jurisdiction wherein the related mortgaged
property is located to reflect the assignment and pledge of the mortgage.
"BANKRUPTCY CODE" shall mean the United States Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as
amended from time to time.
"BLOCKED ACCOUNT AGREEMENT" shall mean an agreement between the Servicer,
the Borrowers and the Lender, substantially in the form of EXHIBIT G hereto, as
the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time,
in which the Servicer acknowledges the Lender's lien on the Collection Account,
and agrees that, in the event that it receives notice that an Event of Default
hereunder has occurred and until such notice is rescinded by the Lender, the
Servicer shall only withdraw funds from the Collection Account on instruction
from the Lender.
"BORROWER" shall have the meaning provided in the heading hereof.
"BORROWING BASE" shall mean the aggregate Collateral Value of all Eligible
Mortgage Loans.
"BORROWING BASE DEFICIENCY" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.06
hereof.
"BUSINESS DAY" shall mean any day other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday or
(ii) a day on which the New York Stock Exchange, the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York or the Custodian is authorized or obligated by law or executive order to be
closed.
"CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS" shall mean, for any Person, all obligations of
such Person to pay rent or other amounts under a lease of (or other agreement
conveying the right to use) Property to the extent such obligations are required
to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease on a balance sheet of such
Person under GAAP, and, for purposes of this Loan Agreement, the amount of such
obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof, determined in accordance
with GAAP.
"CASH EQUIVALENTS" shall mean (a) securities with maturities of 90 days or
less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed or insured by the
United States Government or any agency thereof, (b) certificates of deposit and
eurodollar time deposits with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of
acquisition and overnight bank deposits of any commercial bank having capital
and surplus in excess of $1,000,000,000, (c) repurchase obligations of any
commercial bank satisfying the requirements of clause (b) of this definition,
having a term of not more than seven days with respect to securities issued or
fully guaranteed or insured by the United States Government, (d) commercial
paper of a domestic issuer rated at least A-1 or the equivalent thereof by S&P
or P-1 or the equivalent thereof by Moody's and in either case maturing within
90 days after the day of acquisition, (e) securities with maturities of 90 days
or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed by any state,
commonwealth or territory of the United States, by any political subdivision or
taxing authority of any
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such state, commonwealth or territory or by any foreign government, the
securities of which state, commonwealth, territory, political subdivision,
taxing authority or foreign government (as the case may be) are rated at least A
by S&P or A by Moody's, (f) securities with maturities of 90 days or less from
the date of acquisition backed by standby letters of credit issued by any
commercial bank satisfying the requirements of clause (b) of this definition, or
(g) shares of money market, mutual or similar funds which invest exclusively in
assets satisfying the requirements of clauses (a) through (f) of this
definition.
"CODE" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time
to time.
"COLLATERAL" shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.01(b) hereof.
"COLLATERAL VALUE" shall mean, with respect to each Eligible Mortgage Loan,
the lesser of (a) the Applicable Collateral Percentage of the Market Value of
such Mortgage Loan, and (b) 96% of the outstanding principal balance of such
Mortgage Loan; provided that the following additional limitations on Collateral
Value shall apply:
(a) the Collateral Value shall be deemed to be zero with respect to each
Mortgage Loan (1) in respect of which there is a breach of a representation and
warranty set forth on SCHEDULE 1 (assuming each representation and warranty is
made as of the date Collateral Value is determined), (2) which is an Eligible
Mortgage Loan which remains pledged to the Lender hereunder later than 180 days
after the date on which it is first included in the Collateral (other than
Outstanding Mortgage Loans) or (3) which is an Outstanding Mortgage Loan which
remains pledged to the Lender hereunder later than 180 days after the date
hereof, unless waived by the Lender in its sole discretion; provided the
additional limitations on Collateral Value set forth herein shall apply, (4) in
respect of which there is a delinquency in the payment of principal and/or
interest which continues for a period of 90 days or more (without regard to any
applicable grace periods), or (5) which has been released from the possession of
the Custodian under the Custodial Agreement to a Borrower for a period in excess
of 14 days;
(b) the aggregate Collateral Value of Eligible Mortgage Loans which are
Second Lien Mortgage Loans may not exceed 4% of the aggregate principal amount
outstanding under the Loans;
(c) the aggregate Collateral Value of Eligible Mortgage Loans which are 30
Day Delinquent Mortgage Loans may not exceed 7% of the aggregate principal
amount outstanding under the Loans; and
(d) the aggregate Collateral Value of Eligible Mortgage Loans which are 60
Day Delinquent Mortgage Loans may not exceed 3% of the aggregate principal
amount outstanding under the Loans.
"COLLECTION ACCOUNT" shall mean one or more accounts established by the
Borrowers with the Servicer subject to a security interest in favor of the
Lender and to the Blocked Account Agreement, into which all Collections shall be
deposited by the Servicer.
"COLLECTIONS" shall mean, collectively, all Principal Collections, all Sale
Proceeds and other collections and proceeds on or in respect of the Mortgage
Loans, excluding collections required to be paid to the Servicer or a mortgagor
on the Mortgage Loans.
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"COMBINED LTV" OR "CLTV" shall mean with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the
ratio of (a) the outstanding principal balance as of the related date of
origination of such Mortgage Loan of (i) the Mortgage Loan plus (ii) the
mortgage loan constituting the first lien (if any) to (b) the Appraised Value of
the Mortgaged Property.
"CUSTODIAL AGREEMENT" shall mean the Amended and Restated Custodial
Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among the Borrowers, the Custodian and
the Lender, substantially in the form of EXHIBIT B hereto, as the same shall be
modified and supplemented and in effect from time to time.
"CUSTODIAN" shall mean First Chicago National Processing Corp., as
custodian under the Custodial Agreement, and its successors and permitted
assigns thereunder.
"DEFAULT" shall mean an Event of Default or an event that with notice or
lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default.
"DELINQUENT MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean a 30 Day Delinquent Mortgage Loan or
a 60 Day Delinquent Mortgage Loan, as applicable.
"DOLLARS" and "$" shall mean lawful money of the United States of America.
"DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW" shall mean the performance by the Lender of any or
all of the reviews permitted under Section 11.15 hereof with respect to any or
all of the Mortgage Loans, as desired by the Lender from time to time.
"EFFECTIVE DATE" shall mean the date upon which the conditions precedent
set forth in Section 5.01 shall have been satisfied.
"ELIGIBLE MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean a Mortgage Loan secured by a first or
second mortgage lien on a one-to-four family residential property, as to which
the representations and warranties in Section 6.10 and Part I of Schedule 1
hereof are correct.
"ERISA" shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended from time to time.
"ERISA AFFILIATE" shall mean any corporation or trade or business that is a
member of any group of organizations (i) described in Section 414(b) or (c) of
the Code of which a Borrower is a member and (ii) solely for purposes of
potential liability under Section 302(c)(11) of ERISA and Section 412(c)(11) of
the Code and the lien created under Section 302(f) of ERISA and Section 412(n)
of the Code, described in Section 414(m) or (o) of the Code of which a Borrower
is a member.
"EURODOLLAR RATE" shall mean, with respect to each day such Loan is
outstanding (or if such day is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business
Day), the rate per annum equal to the rate appearing at page 5 of the Telerate
Screen as one-month LIBOR on the first day of such Interest Period, and if such
rate shall not be so quoted, the rate per annum at which the Lender is offered
Dollar deposits at or about 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on such date by
prime banks in the interbank eurodollar market where the eurodollar and foreign
currency and exchange operations in respect of its Loans are then being
conducted for delivery on such day for a period of thirty (30) days and in an
amount comparable to the amount of the Loans to be outstanding on such day.
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"EVENT OF DEFAULT" shall have the meaning provided in Section 8 hereof.
"FEDERAL FUNDS RATE" shall mean, for any day, the weighted average of the
rates on overnight federal funds transactions with members of the Federal
Reserve System arranged by federal funds brokers, as published on the next
succeeding Business Day by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such
rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average of the
quotations for the day of such transactions received by the Lender from three
federal funds brokers of recognized standing selected by it.
"FIRST LIEN MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean an Eligible Mortgage Loan secured by
the lien on the Mortgaged Property, subject to no prior liens on such Mortgaged
Property.
"FUNDING DATE" shall mean the date on which a Loan is made hereunder.
"GAAP" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles as in effect
from time to time in the United States.
"GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY" shall mean any nation or government, any state or
other political subdivision thereof, any entity exercising executive,
legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining
to government and any court or arbitrator having jurisdiction over the Borrower,
any of its Subsidiaries or any of its properties.
"GUARANTEE" shall mean, as to any Person, any obligation of such Person
directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person or in
any manner providing for the payment of any Indebtedness of any other Person or
otherwise protecting the holder of such Indebtedness against loss (whether by
virtue of partnership arrangements, by agreement to keep-well, to purchase
assets, goods, securities or services, or to take-or-pay or otherwise); provided
that the term "Guarantee" shall not include (i) endorsements for collection or
deposit in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) obligations to make
servicing advances for delinquent taxes and insurance or other obligations in
respect of a Mortgaged Property, to the extent required by the Lender. The
amount of any Guarantee of a Person shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the
stated or determinable amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such
Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably
anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined by such Person in good
faith. The terms "GUARANTEE" and "GUARANTEED" used as verbs shall have
correlative meanings.
"HCMH" shall have the meaning provided in the heading hereof.
"HCP" shall have the meaning provided in the heading hereof.
"INDEBTEDNESS" shall mean, for any Person: (a) obligations created, issued
or incurred by such Person for borrowed money (whether by loan, the issuance and
sale of debt securities or the sale of Property to another Person subject to an
understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to repurchase such Property
from such Person); (b) obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase
or acquisition price of Property or services, other than trade accounts payable
(other than for borrowed money) arising, and accrued expenses incurred, in the
ordinary course of business so long as such trade accounts payable are payable
within 90 days of the date the respective goods are delivered or the respective
services are rendered; (c) Indebtedness of others secured by a Lien on the
Property of such Person, whether or not the respective Indebtedness so secured
has been assumed by such Person; (d) obligations (contingent or otherwise) of
such Person in respect of letters of credit or similar
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instruments issued or accepted by banks and other financial institutions for
account of such Person; (e) Capital Lease Obligations of such Person; (f)
obligations of such Person under repurchase agreements, sale/buy-back agreements
or like arrangements; (g) Indebtedness of others Guaranteed by such Person; (h)
all obligations of such Person incurred in connection with the acquisition or
carrying of fixed assets by such Person; and (i) Indebtedness of general
partnerships of which such Person is a general partner.
"INTEREST PERIOD" shall mean one month, except as otherwise provided in
this definition. Each such Interest Period shall (a) initially commence on the
Funding Date and continue to but excluding the first Payment Date; and (b)
thereafter, commence on a Payment Date and continue to but excluding the next
Payment Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Interest Period may end after
the Termination Date.
"INTEREST RATE PROTECTION AGREEMENT" shall mean, with respect to any or all
of the Mortgage Loans, any short sale of US Treasury Security, or futures
contract, or mortgage related security or Eurodollar futures contract, or
options related contract, or interest rate swap, cap or collar agreement or
similar arrangements providing for protection against fluctuations in interest
rates or the exchange of nominal interest obligations, either generally or under
specific contingencies, entered into by the Borrower and reasonably acceptable
to the Lender.
"LENDER" shall have the meaning provided in the heading hereto.
"LIEN" shall mean any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or
similar encumbrance.
"LOAN" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(a) hereof.
"LOAN AGREEMENT" shall mean this Amended and Restated Master Loan and
Security Agreement, as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise
modified from time to time.
"LOAN DOCUMENTS" shall mean, collectively, this Loan Agreement, the Amended
and Restated Note, the Custodial Agreement, and the Blocked Account Agreement.
"MARKET VALUE" shall mean, as of any date in respect of an Eligible
Mortgage Loan, the price at which such Eligible Mortgage Loan could readily be
sold as determined in good faith by the Lender, which price may be determined to
be zero. The Lender's determination of Market Value shall be conclusive upon the
parties absent manifest error on the part of the Lender.
"MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT" shall mean, with respect to either Borrower, a
material adverse effect on (a) the Property, business, operations, financial
condition or prospects of such Borrower, (b) the ability of such Borrower to
perform its obligations under any of the Loan Documents to which it is a party,
(c) the validity or enforceability of any of the Loan Documents, (d) the rights
and remedies of the Lender under any of the Loan Documents, (e) the timely
payment of the principal of or interest on the Loans or other amounts payable in
connection therewith or (f) the Collateral.
"MAXIMUM CREDIT" shall mean $150,000,000.
"MOODY'S" shall mean Moody's Investors Service.
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"MORTGAGE" shall mean the mortgage, deed of trust or other instrument
securing a Mortgage Note, which creates a first or second lien on the fee in
real property securing the Mortgage Note.
"MORTGAGE FILE" shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the Custodial
Agreement.
"MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean a mortgage loan which the Custodian has been
instructed to hold for the Lender pursuant to the Custodial Agreement, and which
Mortgage Loan includes, without limitation, (i) a Mortgage Note and related
Mortgage and (ii) all right, title and interest of the applicable Borrower in
and to the Mortgaged Property covered by such Mortgage.
"MORTGAGE LOAN DOCUMENTS" shall mean, with respect to a Mortgage Loan, the
documents comprising the Mortgage File for such Mortgage Loan.
"MORTGAGE LOAN SCHEDULE" shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the
Custodial Agreement.
"MORTGAGE LOAN SCHEDULE AND EXCEPTION REPORT" shall mean the mortgage loan
schedule and exception report prepared by the Custodian pursuant to the
Custodial Agreement.
"MORTGAGE LOAN TAPE" shall mean a computer-readable magnetic tape updated
as of the close of business of the last business day of the preceding month
containing such fields as shall be mutually agreed upon by the Borrowers and the
Lender with respect to each Mortgage Loan to be delivered by the Borrowers to
the Lender pursuant to Section 2.03(a) hereof.
"MORTGAGE NOTE" shall mean the original executed promissory note or other
evidence of the indebtedness of a mortgagor/borrower with respect to a Mortgage
Loan.
"MORTGAGED PROPERTY" shall mean the real property (including all
improvements, buildings, fixtures, building equipment and personal property
thereon and all additions, alterations and replacements made at any time with
respect to the foregoing) and all other collateral securing repayment of the
debt evidenced by a Mortgage Note.
"MORTGAGOR" shall mean the obligor on a Mortgage Note.
"MS & CO." shall mean Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, a registered
broker-dealer.
"MULTIEMPLOYER PLAN" shall mean a multiemployer plan defined as such in
Section 3(37) of ERISA to which contributions have been or are required to be
made by a Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and that is covered by Title IV of
ERISA.
"NET INCOME" shall mean, for any period, the net income of the applicable
Borrower for such period as determined in accordance with GAAP.
"1934 ACT" shall mean the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
"OUTSTANDING MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean a Mortgage Loan pledged to the
Lender prior to the date hereof which remains pledged to the Lender on the date
hereof.
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"PAYMENT DATE" shall mean (a) the first Business Day of each calendar
month, and (b) the Termination Date.
"PBGC" shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or any entity
succeeding to any or all of its functions under ERISA.
"PERSON" shall mean any individual, corporation, company, voluntary
association, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust,
unincorporated association or government (or any agency, instrumentality or
political subdivision thereof).
"PLAN" shall mean an employee benefit or other plan established or
maintained by either Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and covered by Title IV of
ERISA, other than a Multiemployer Plan.
"POST-DEFAULT RATE" shall mean, in respect of any principal of any Loan or
any other amount under this Loan Agreement, the Amended and Restated Note or any
other Loan Document that is not paid when due to the Lender (whether at stated
maturity, by acceleration, by optional or mandatory prepayment or otherwise), a
rate per annum during the period from and including the due date to but
excluding the date on which such amount is paid in full equal to 4% per annum
PLUS the Prime Rate.
"PRIME RATE" shall mean the prime rate announced to be in effect from time
to time, as published as the average rate in THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.
"PRINCIPAL COLLECTIONS" shall mean collections on the Mortgage Loans
attributable to principal payments thereon.
"PROPERTY" shall mean any right or interest in or to property of any kind
whatsoever, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible.
"REGULATIONS T, U AND X" shall mean Regulations T, U and X of the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or any successor), as the same may be
modified and supplemented and in effect from time to time.
"REQUEST FOR BORROWING" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.03(a).
"REQUIREMENT OF LAW" shall mean as to any Person, the certificate of
incorporation and by-laws or other organizational or governing documents of such
Person, and any law, treaty, rule or regulation or determination of an
arbitrator or a court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable
to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or
any of its property is subject.
"RESPONSIBLE OFFICER" shall mean, as to any Person, the chief executive
officer or, with respect to financial matters, the chief financial officer of
such Person.
"S&P" shall mean Standard and Poor's Ratings Services.
"SALE PROCEEDS" shall mean (i) any proceeds of any sales, transfers or
dispositions of any Mortgage Loan, net of reasonable and customary costs,
including reasonable and necessary attorneys' fees, and (ii) any proceeds of any
sales, dispositions, condemnations, casualty insurance and
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other amounts from any disposition, taking, damage or destruction of all or any
portion of any real property acquired upon foreclosure (or deed in lieu of
foreclosure) of Mortgage Loans, net of reasonable and customary costs of
closing, including brokerage commissions, make-ready expenses, title insurance,
financing costs, recording fees, transfer taxes, tax certificates, title and
closing agent fees and pro-rated items.
"SECOND LIEN MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean an Eligible Mortgage Loan secured by
the lien on the Mortgaged Property, subject to only one prior lien on such
Mortgaged Property.
"SECURED OBLIGATIONS" shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.01(c)
hereof.
"SERVICER" shall have the meaning provided in Section 11.14(c) hereof.
"SERVICING AGREEMENT" shall have the meaning provided in Section 11.14(c)
hereof.
"SERVICING RECORDS" shall have the meaning provided in Section 11.14(b)
hereof.
"60 DAY DELINQUENT MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean an Eligible Mortgage Loan
which is at least 60 days, but not more than 89 days, delinquent with respect to
the payment of principal or interest (without regard to any applicable grace
period).
"SUBSIDIARY" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any corporation,
partnership or other entity of which at least a majority of the securities or
other ownership interests having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to
elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar
functions of such corporation, partnership or other entity (irrespective of
whether or not at the time securities or other ownership interests of any other
class or classes of such corporation, partnership or other entity shall have or
might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the
time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person or one or more
Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of
such Person.
"TANGIBLE NET WORTH" shall mean, as of a particular date,
(a) all amounts which would be included under capital on a balance
sheet of the HCMH at such date, determined in accordance with GAAP, LESS
(b) (i) amounts owing to HCMH from Affiliates and (ii) intangible
assets.
"TERMINATION DATE" shall mean July 8,1999 or such earlier date on which
this Loan Agreement shall terminate in accordance with the provisions hereof or
by operation of law.
"TEST PERIOD" shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.16 hereof.
"30 DAY DELINQUENT MORTGAGE LOAN" shall mean an Eligible Mortgage Loan
which is at least 30 days, but not more than 59 days, delinquent with respect to
the payment of principal or interest (without regard to any applicable grace
period).
"TOTAL INDEBTEDNESS" shall mean, for any period, the aggregate Indebtedness
of the applicable Borrower during such period LESS the amount of any nonspecific
balance sheet reserves maintained in accordance with GAAP.
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"UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES" shall mean the underwriting guidelines attached
as EXHIBIT F hereto.
"UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE" shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in
effect on the date hereof in the State of New York; provided that if by reason
of mandatory provisions of law, the perfection or the effect of perfection or
non-perfection of the security interest in any Collateral is governed by the
Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than New York,
"Uniform Commercial Code" shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in
such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such
perfection or effect of perfection or non-perfection.
1.02 ACCOUNTING TERMS AND DETERMINATIONS. Except as otherwise expressly
provided herein, all accounting terms used herein shall be interpreted, and all
financial statements and certificates and reports as to financial matters
required to be delivered to the Lender hereunder shall be prepared, in
accordance with GAAP.
Section 2. LOANS, AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTE AND PREPAYMENTS.
2.01 LOANS.
(a) Subject to fulfillment of the conditions precedent set forth in
Sections 5.01 and 5.02 hereof, and provided that no Default shall have occurred
and be continuing hereunder, the Lender agrees from time to time, on the terms
and conditions of this Agreement, to make loans (each, a "LOAN") to the
Borrowers in Dollars, from and including the Effective Date to and including the
Termination Date in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding up
to but not exceeding the Maximum Credit as in effect from time to time.
(b) Each existing loan outstanding as of the date hereof under the Existing
Loan Agreement (each, an "EXISTING LOAN") shall continue and be deemed a Loan
made under this Agreement, subject to all the provisions of this Agreement and
the outstanding principal amount of such Loans shall be counted against the
Maximum Credit. All collateral pledged to the Lender to secure the Existing
Loans under the Existing Loan Agreement shall continue to be pledged to the
Lender to secure the Loans hereunder and shall be Collateral under this
Agreement.
(c) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Loan Agreement, during such
period the Borrowers may borrow, repay and reborrow hereunder; PROVIDED that,
notwithstanding the foregoing, the Lender shall have no obligation to make Loans
to the Borrowers in excess of the then current Maximum Credit and, in the event
the obligation of the Lender to make Loans to the Borrowers is terminated as
permitted hereunder, the Lender shall have no further obligation to make
additional Loans hereunder.
(d) In no event shall a Loan be made when any Default or Event of Default
has occurred and is continuing.
2.02 AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTES.
(a) The Loans made by the Lender shall be evidenced by a single amended and
restated promissory note of the Borrowers substantially in the form of EXHIBIT A
hereto (the "AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTE"), dated the date hereof, payable to the
Lender in a principal amount equal to the amount of the Maximum Credit as
originally in effect and otherwise duly completed. The Lender shall
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have the right to have its Amended and Restated Note subdivided, by exchange for
promissory notes of lesser denominations or otherwise.
(b) The date, amount and interest rate of each Loan made by the Lender to
the Borrowers, and each payment made on account of the principal thereof, shall
be recorded by the Lender on its books and, prior to any transfer of the Amended
and Restated Note, endorsed by the Lender on the schedule attached to the Note
or any continuation thereof; PROVIDED that the failure of the Lender to make any
such recordation or endorsement shall not affect the obligations of the
Borrowers to make a payment when due of any amount owing hereunder or under the
Amended and Restated Note in respect of the Loans.
2.03 PROCEDURE FOR BORROWING.
(a) The Borrowers may request a borrowing hereunder, on any Business Day
during the period from and including the Effective Date to and including the
Termination Date, by delivering to the Lender, with a copy to the Custodian, an
irrevocable written request for borrowing, substantially in the form of EXHIBIT
D attached hereto (a "REQUEST FOR BORROWING"), which request must be received by
the Lender prior to 3:00 p.m., New York City time, one (l) Business Day prior to
the requested Funding Date. Such Request for Borrowing shall (i) attach a
schedule identifying the Eligible Mortgage Loans that the Borrowers propose to
pledge to the Lender and to be included in the Borrowing Base in connection with
such borrowing, (ii) the requested Funding Date, (iii) include a Mortgage Loan
Tape containing information with respect to the Eligible Mortgage Loans that the
Borrowers propose to pledge to the Lender and to be included in the Borrowing
Base in connection with such borrowing, and (iv) attach an officer's certificate
signed by a Responsible Officer of each of the Borrowers as required by Section
5.02(b) hereof.
(b) Upon the Borrowers' request for a borrowing pursuant to Section
2.03(a), the Lender shall, assuming all conditions precedent set forth in
Section 5.01 and 5.02 have been met and provided no Default shall have occurred
and be continuing, make a Loan to the Borrowers on the requested Funding Date,
in the amount so requested.
(c) The Borrowers shall release to the Custodian no later than 12:00 p.m.,
New York City time, two (2) Business Days prior to the requested Funding Date,
the Mortgage File pertaining to each Eligible Mortgage Loan to be pledged to the
Lender and included in the Borrowing Base on such requested Funding Date, so
long as there are no more than two hundred such Mortgage Files delivered on such
Business Day (if the number of Mortgage Files equals or exceeds two hundred, the
Borrowers shall deliver to the Custodian such Mortgage Files in as many Business
Days prior to the Funding Date as is reasonably acceptable to the Custodian), as
in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Custodial Agreement.
(d) Pursuant to the Custodial Agreement, the Custodian shall deliver to the
Lender and the Borrowers, no later than 11:00 a.m. on a Funding Date, a Trust
Receipt (as defined in the Custodial Agreement) in respect of all Mortgage Loans
pledged to the Lender on such Funding Date, and a Mortgage Loan Schedule and
Exception Report. Subject to Section 5 hereof, such borrowing will then be made
available to the Borrowers by the Lender transferring, via wire transfer, to the
account set forth in the applicable Request for Borrowing, in the aggregate
amount of such borrowing in funds immediately available to the Borrowers.
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2.04 LIMITATION ON TYPES OF LOANS; ILLEGALITY. Anything herein to the
contrary notwithstanding, if, on or prior to the determination of any Eurodollar
Rate:
(a) the Lender determines, which determination shall be conclusive,
that quotations of interest rates for the relevant deposits referred to in
the definition of "Eurodollar Rate" in Section 1.01 hereof are not being
provided in the relevant amounts or for the relevant maturities for
purposes of determining rates of interest for Loans as provided herein; or
(b) the Lender determines, which determination shall be conclusive,
that the relevant rate of interest referred to in the definition of
"Eurodollar Rate" in Section 1.01 hereof upon the basis of which the rate
of interest for Loans is to be determined is not likely adequately to cover
the cost to the Lender of making or maintaining Loans; or
(c) it becomes unlawful for the Lender to honor its obligation to make
or maintain Loans hereunder using a Eurodollar Rate;
then the Lender shall give the Borrowers prompt notice thereof and, so long as
such condition remains in effect, the Lender shall be under no obligation to
make additional Loans, and the Borrowers shall, either prepay all such Loans as
may be outstanding or pay interest on such Loans at a rate per annum equal to
the Federal Funds Rate plus 2.50%.
2.05 REPAYMENT OF LOANS; INTEREST.
(a) The Borrowers hereby promise to repay in full on the Termination Date
the then aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Loans.
(b) The Borrowers hereby promise to pay to the Lender interest on the
unpaid principal amount of each Loan for the period from and including the date
of such Loan to but excluding the date such Loan shall be paid in full, at a
rate per annum equal to the Eurodollar Rate PLUS the Applicable Margin.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrowers hereby promise to pay to the Lender
interest at the applicable Post-Default Rate on any principal of any Loan and on
any other amount payable by the Borrowers hereunder or under the Amended and
Restated Note that shall not be paid in full when due (whether at stated
maturity, by acceleration or by mandatory prepayment or otherwise) for the
period from and including the due date thereof to but excluding the date the
same is paid in full. Accrued interest on each Loan shall be payable monthly on
the first Business Day of each month following the month for which it accrues
and for the last month of the Loan Agreement on the first Business Day of such
last month and on the Termination Date, except that interest payable at the
Post-Default Rate shall accrue daily and shall be payable upon such accrual.
(c) It is understood and agreed that, unless and until a Default shall have
occurred and be continuing, the Borrowers shall be entitled to the proceeds of
the Mortgage Loans pledged to the Lender hereunder.
2.06 MANDATORY PREPAYMENTS; ADDITIONAL PLEDGE.
(a) The Borrowers shall prepay the principal of the Loans on each Payment
Date in an amount equal to all Principal Collections with respect to the
Mortgage Loans received during the calendar month ended most recently prior to
such Payment Date.
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(b) The Borrowers shall prepay the principal of the Loans on each Payment
Date in an amount equal to all Sale Proceeds with respect to the Mortgage Loans
received during the calendar month ended most recently prior to such Payment
Date.
(c) If at any time the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Loans
exceeds the Borrowing Base (a "BORROWING BASE DEFICIENCY"), as determined by the
Lender and notified to the Borrowers on any Business Day, the Borrowers shall no
later than one Business Day after receipt of such notice, either prepay the
Loans in part or in whole or pledge additional Eligible Mortgage Loans (which
Collateral shall be in all respects acceptable to the Lender) to the Lender,
such that after giving effect to such prepayment or pledge the aggregate
outstanding principal amount of the Loans does not exceed the Borrowing Base.
2.07 OPTIONAL PREPAYMENTS. The Loans are prepayable on any Payment Date
without premium or penalty, in whole or in part, and may be prepaid on any other
date subject to Section 2.08 hereof. Any amounts prepaid shall be applied to
repay the outstanding principal amount of any Loans (together with interest
thereon) until paid in full. Amounts repaid may be reborrowed in accordance with
the terms of this Loan Agreement. If the Borrowers intend to prepay a Loan in
whole or in part from a source other than the proceeds of the Mortgage Loans,
the Borrowers shall give three (3) Business Days' prior written notice thereof
to the Lender. If such notice is given, the amount specified in such notice
shall be due and payable on the date specified therein, together with accrued
interest to such date on the amount prepaid. Partial prepayments shall be in a
minimum aggregate principal amount of $1,000,000.
2.08 INDEMNITY
If the Borrowers make a prepayment of the Loans on any day which is not a
Payment Date, the Borrowers shall indemnify the Lender and hold the Lender
harmless from any actual loss or expense which the Lender may sustain or incur
arising from the reemployment of funds obtained by the Lender to maintain the
Loans hereunder or from fees payable to terminate any arrangements from which
such funds were obtained. This Section 2.08 shall survive termination of Loan
Agreement and payment of the Amended and Restated Note.
2.09 EXTENSION OF TERMINATION DATE
Commencing four months after the date hereof, the Lender shall carry out a
review for the purpose of determining, in its sole discretion, whether to extend
the then current Termination Date for a period to be determined by Lender in its
sole discretion. Within two weeks of initiating such review, the Lender shall
give written notice of any extension of the then current Termination Date. At
the time of such notice, Lender shall notify the Borrower of any further fees
which shall be payable in connection with any extension, including without
limitation, any additional Commitment Fee which the Lender may charge as a
condition to such extension. Any failure by the Lender to deliver such notice of
extension shall be deemed to be the Lender's determination not to extend the
then current Termination Date.
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Section 3. PAYMENTS; COMPUTATIONS; ETC.
3.01 PAYMENTS.
(a) Except to the extent otherwise provided herein, all payments of
principal, interest and other amounts to be made by the Borrowers under this
Loan Agreement and the Amended and Restated Note, shall be made in Dollars, in
immediately available funds, without deduction, set-off or counterclaim, to the
Lender at the following account maintained by the Lender: Account No. 40615114,
For the A/C of MSMCI, ABA# 021000089, not later than 1:00 p.m., New York City
time, on the date on which such payment shall become due (and each such payment
made after such time on such due date shall be deemed to have been made on the
next succeeding Business Day). The Borrowers acknowledge that they have no
rights of withdrawal from the foregoing account.
(b) Except to the extent otherwise expressly provided herein, if the due
date of any payment under this Loan Agreement or the Amended and Restated Note
would otherwise fall on a day that is not a Business Day, such date shall be
extended to the next succeeding Business Day, and interest shall be payable for
any principal so extended for the period of such extension.
3.02 COMPUTATIONS. Interest on the Loans shall be computed in arrears on
the basis of a 360-day year for the actual days elapsed (including the first day
but excluding the last day) occurring in the period for which payable.
3.03 REQUIREMENTS OF LAW.
(a) If any Requirement of Law (other than with respect to any amendment
made to the Lender's certificate of incorporation and by-laws or other
organizational or governing documents) or any change in the interpretation or
application thereof or compliance by the Lender with any request or directive
(whether or not having the force of law) from any central bank or other
Governmental Authority made subsequent to the date hereof:
(i) shall subject the Lender to any tax of any kind whatsoever with respect
to this Loan Agreement, the Amended and Restated Note or any Loan made by
it (excluding net income taxes) or change the basis of taxation of payments
to the Lender in respect thereof;
(ii) shall impose, modify or hold applicable any reserve, special deposit,
compulsory Loan or similar requirement against assets held by, deposits or
other liabilities in or for the account of, advances, Loans or other
extensions of credit by, or any other acquisition of funds by, any office
of the Lender which is not otherwise included in the determination of the
Eurodollar Rate hereunder, or;
(iii) shall impose on the Lender any other condition;
and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the cost to the Lender, by
an amount which the Lender deems to be material, of making, continuing or
maintaining any Loan or to reduce any amount due or owing hereunder in respect
thereof, then, in any such case, the Borrowers shall promptly pay the Lender
such additional amount or amounts as will compensate the Lender for such
increased cost or reduced amount receivable.
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(b) If the Lender shall have determined that the adoption of or any change
in any Requirement of Law (other than with respect to any amendment made to the
Lender's certificate of incorporation and by-laws or other organizational or
governing documents) regarding capital adequacy or in the interpretation or
application thereof or compliance by the Lender or any corporation controlling
the Lender with any request or directive regarding capital adequacy (whether or
not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority made subsequent to
the date hereof shall have the effect of reducing the rate of return on the
Lender's or such corporation's capital as a consequence of its obligations
hereunder to a level below that which the Lender or such corporation could have
achieved but for such adoption, change or compliance (taking into consideration
the Lender's or such corporation's policies with respect to capital adequacy) by
an amount deemed by the Lender to be material, then from time to time, the
Borrowers shall promptly pay to the Lender such additional amount or amounts as
will compensate the Lender for such reduction.
(c) If the Lender becomes entitled to claim any additional amounts pursuant
to this Section, it shall promptly notify the Borrowers of the event by reason
of which it has become so entitled. A certificate as to any additional amounts
payable pursuant to this Section submitted by the Lender to the Borrowers shall
be conclusive in the absence of manifest error.
3.04 COMMITMENT FEE. The Borrowers agree to pay to the Lender a one-time
commitment fee equal to $75,000, such payment to be made in Dollars, in
immediately available funds, without deduction, set-off or counterclaim, to the
Lender upon the execution of the Loan Agreement and the Custodial Agreement. The
Lender may, in its sole discretion, net such commitment fee from the proceeds of
any Loan advanced to the Borrowers on the date of such execution.
3.05 EXIT FEE. The Borrowers agree to pay to the Lender an exit fee equal
to 0.25% (the "EXIT FEE") of the outstanding principal balance of each Mortgage
Loan pledged to the Lender, calculated as of the date the Mortgage Loan was
pledged to the Lender, for each Mortgage Loan which is no longer pledged to the
Lender hereunder (each such Mortgage Loan, a "SUBSEQUENTLY RELEASED MORTGAGE
LOAN"). The Exit Fee as adjusted for the Underwriting Fees (as defined below)
shall be due and payable on the Termination Date and payment shall be made in
Dollars, in immediately available funds, without deduction, set-off or
counterclaim, to the Lender at the account set forth in Section 3.01(a) hereof.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any Exit Fee for any
Subsequently Released Mortgage Loan shall accrue upon any Borrower: (i) placing
such Subsequently Released Mortgage Loan in a transaction resulting in the
issuance of securities backed in whole or in part by such Subsequently Released
Mortgage Loan ; (ii) selling such Subsequently Released Mortgage Loan; (iii)
refinancing all or a portion of the Loans extended hereunder and secured in
whole or in part by such Subsequently Released Mortgage Loan; or (iv)
terminating the Loans or this Loan Agreement (whether due to an Event of
Default, the occurrence of the Termination Date or otherwise). The Exit Fee
payable on the Termination Date shall be reduced by the aggregate amount of
underwriting fees (net of expenses) received by Lender or Lender's Affiliates in
transactions where the Lender or Lender's Affiliate, acting as the lead or
co-lead underwriter or placement agent, placed Subsequently Released Mortgage
Loans in transactions resulting in the issuance of securities backed in whole or
in part by such Subsequently Released Mortgage Loans (the "UNDERWRITING FEES").
In the event that any Mortgage Loan becomes a Subsequently Released Mortgage
Loan solely because the Lender fails to extend the Termination Date in
accordance with Section 2.09 hereof, no Exit Fee shall be payable on account of
such Subsequently Released Mortgage Loans.
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Section 4. COLLATERAL SECURITY.
4.01 COLLATERAL; SECURITY INTEREST.
(a) Pursuant to the Custodial Agreement, the Custodian shall hold the
Mortgage Loan Documents as exclusive bailee and agent for the Lender pursuant to
terms of the Custodial Agreement and shall deliver to the Lender Trust Receipts
(as defined in the Custodial Agreement) each to the effect that it has reviewed
such Mortgage Loan Documents in the manner and to the extent required by the
Custodial Agreement and identifying any deficiencies in such Mortgage Loan
Documents as so reviewed.
(b) All of the Borrowers' right, title and interest in, to and under each
of the following items of property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, now
existing or hereafter created and wherever located, is hereinafter referred to
as the "COLLATERAL":
(i) all Mortgage Loans;
(ii) all Mortgage Loan Documents, including without limitation all
promissory notes, and all Servicing Records (as defined in Section 11.14(b)
below), servicing agreements and any other collateral pledged or otherwise
relating to such Mortgage Loans, together with all files, documents,
instruments, surveys, certificates, correspondence, appraisals, computer
programs, computer storage media, accounting records and other books and
records relating thereto;
(iii) all mortgage guaranties and insurance (issued by governmental
agencies or otherwise) and any mortgage insurance certificate or other
document evidencing such mortgage guaranties or insurance relating to any
Mortgage Loan and all claims and payments thereunder;
(iv) all other insurance policies and insurance proceeds relating to
any Mortgage Loan or the related Mortgaged Property;
(v) all Interest Rate Protection Agreements, relating to or
constituting any and all of the foregoing;
(vi) the Collection Account and all monies from time to time on
deposit in the Collection Account;
(vii) all collateral, however defined, under any other agreement
between the Borrower or any of its Affiliates on the one hand and the
Lender or any of its Affiliates on the other hand;
(viii) all "general intangibles", "accounts" and "chattel paper" as
defined in the Uniform Commercial Code relating to or constituting any and
all of the foregoing; and
(ix) any and all replacements, substitutions, distributions on or
proceeds of any and all of the foregoing.
(c) The Borrowers hereby assign, pledge and grant a security interest in
all of their right, title and interest in, to and under the Collateral to the
Lender to secure the repayment of principal of and interest on all Loans and all
other amounts owing to the Lender hereunder, under the Amended
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and Restated Note and under the other Loan Documents (collectively, the "SECURED
OBLIGATIONS"). The Borrowers agree to mark their computer records and tapes to
evidence the interests granted to the Lender hereunder.
4.02 FURTHER DOCUMENTATION. At any time and from time to time, upon the
written request of the Lender, and at the sole expense of the Borrowers, the
Borrowers will promptly and duly execute and deliver, or will promptly cause to
be executed and delivered, such further instruments and documents and take such
further action as the Lender may reasonably request for the purpose of obtaining
or preserving the full benefits of this Loan Agreement and of the rights and
powers herein granted, including, without limitation, the filing of any
financing or continuation statements under the Uniform Commercial Code in effect
in any jurisdiction with respect to the Liens created hereby. The Borrowers also
hereby authorize the Lender to file any such financing or continuation statement
without the signature of the Borrowers to the extent permitted by applicable
law. A carbon, photographic or other reproduction of this Loan Agreement shall
be sufficient as a financing statement for filing in any jurisdiction.
4.03 CHANGES IN LOCATIONS, NAME, ETC. Neither Borrower shall (i) change the
location of its chief executive office/chief place of business from that
specified in Section 6 hereof or (ii) change its name, identity or corporate
structure (or the equivalent) or change the location where it maintains its
records with respect to the Collateral unless it shall have given the Lender at
least 30 days prior written notice thereof and shall have delivered to the
Lender all Uniform Commercial Code financing statements and amendments thereto
as the Lender shall request and taken all other actions deemed necessary by the
Lender to continue its perfected status in the Collateral with the same or
better priority.
4.04 LENDER'S APPOINTMENT AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT.
(a) Each of the Borrowers hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the
Lender and any officer or agent thereof, with full power of substitution, as its
true and lawful attorney-in-fact with full irrevocable power and authority in
the place and stead of such Borrower and in the name of such Borrower or in its
own name, from time to time in the Lender's discretion, for the purpose of
carrying out the terms of this Loan Agreement, to take any and all appropriate
action and to execute any and all documents and instruments which may be
necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of this Loan Agreement, and,
without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such Borrower hereby gives the
Lender the power and right, on behalf of such Borrower, without assent by, but
with notice to, such Borrower, if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing, to do the following:
(i) in the name of such Borrower or its own name, or otherwise, to
take possession of and endorse and collect any checks, drafts, notes,
acceptances or other instruments for the payment of moneys due under any
mortgage insurance or with respect to any other Collateral and to file any
claim or to take any other action or proceeding in any court of law or
equity or otherwise deemed appropriate by the Lender for the purpose of
collecting any and all such moneys due under any such mortgage insurance or
with respect to any other Collateral whenever payable;
(ii) to pay or discharge taxes and Liens levied or placed on or
threatened against the Collateral; and
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(iii) (A) to direct any party liable for any payment under any
Collateral to make payment of any and all moneys due or to become due
thereunder directly to the Lender or as the Lender shall direct; (B) to ask
or demand for, collect, receive payment of and receipt for, any and all
moneys, claims and other amounts due or to become due at any time in
respect of or arising out of any Collateral; (C) to sign and endorse any
invoices, assignments, verifications, notices and other documents in
connection with any of the Collateral; (D) to commence and prosecute any
suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent
jurisdiction to collect the Collateral or any thereof and to enforce any
other right in respect of any Collateral; (E) to defend any suit, action or
proceeding brought against the Borrower with respect to any Collateral; (F)
to settle, compromise or adjust any suit, action or proceeding described in
clause (E) above and, in connection therewith, to give such discharges or
releases as the Lender may deem appropriate; and (G) generally, to sell,
transfer, pledge and make any agreement with respect to or otherwise deal
with any of the Collateral as fully and completely as though the Lender
were the absolute owner thereof for all purposes, and to do, at the
Lender's option and the Borrower's expense, at any time, and from time to
time, all acts and things which the Lender deems necessary to protect,
preserve or realize upon the Collateral and the Lender's Liens thereon and
to effect the intent of this Loan Agreement, all as fully and effectively
as the Borrower might do.
The Borrowers hereby ratify all that said attorneys shall lawfully do or cause
to be done by virtue hereof. This power of attorney is a power coupled with an
interest and shall be irrevocable.
(b) The Borrowers also authorize the Lender, at any time and from time to
time, to execute, in connection with any sale provided for in Section 4.07
hereof, any endorsements, assignments or other instruments of conveyance or
transfer with respect to the Collateral.
(c) The powers conferred on the Lender are solely to protect the Lender's
interests in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon the Lender to
exercise any such powers. The Lender shall be accountable only for amounts that
it actually receives as a result of the exercise of such powers, and neither the
Lender nor any of its officers, directors, or employees shall be responsible to
the Borrowers for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for its own gross
negligence or willful misconduct.
4.05 PERFORMANCE BY LENDER OF BORROWERS' OBLIGATIONS. If either Borrower
fails to perform or comply with any of its agreements contained in the Loan
Documents and the Lender may itself perform or comply, or otherwise cause
performance or compliance, with such agreement, the expenses of the Lender
incurred in connection with such performance or compliance, together with
interest thereon at a rate per annum equal to the Post-Default Rate, shall be
payable by the Borrowers to the Lender on demand and shall constitute Secured
Obligations.
4.06 PROCEEDS. If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, (a)
all proceeds of Collateral received by the Borrowers consisting of cash, checks
and other near-cash items shall be held by the Borrowers in trust for the
Lender, segregated from other funds of the Borrowers, and shall forthwith upon
receipt by the Borrowers be turned over to the Lender in the exact form received
by the Borrowers (duly endorsed by the applicable Borrower to the Lender, if
required) and (b) any and all such proceeds received by the Lender (whether from
the Borrowers or otherwise) may, in the sole discretion of the Lender, be held
by the Lender as collateral security for, and/or then or at any time thereafter
may be applied by the Lender against, the Secured Obligations (whether matured
or unmatured), such application to be in such order as the Lender shall elect.
Any balance of such
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proceeds remaining after the Secured Obligations shall have been paid in full
and this Loan Agreement shall have been terminated shall be paid over to the
Borrowers or to whomsoever may be lawfully entitled to receive the same. For
purposes hereof, proceeds shall include, but not be limited to, all principal
and interest payments, all prepayments and payoffs, insurance claims,
condemnation awards, sale proceeds, real estate owned rents and any other income
and all other amounts received with respect to the Collateral.
4.07 REMEDIES. If a Default shall occur and be continuing, the Lender may,
at its option, enter into one or more Interest Rate Protection Agreements
covering all or a portion of the Mortgage Loans pledged to the Lender hereunder,
and the Borrowers shall be responsible for all damages, judgments, costs and
expenses of any kind which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against
the Lender relating to or arising out of such Interest Rate Protection
Agreements; including without limitation any losses resulting from such Interest
Rate Protection Agreements. If an Event of Default shall occur and be
continuing, the Lender may exercise, in addition to all other rights and
remedies granted to it in this Loan Agreement and in any other instrument or
agreement securing, evidencing or relating to the Secured Obligations, all
rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Lender without demand of
performance or other demand, presentment, protest, advertisement or notice of
any kind (except any notice required by law referred to below) to or upon the
Borrowers or any other Person (each and all of which demands, presentments,
protests, advertisements and notices are hereby waived), may in such
circumstances forthwith collect, receive, appropriate and realize upon the
Collateral, or any part thereof, and/or may forthwith sell, lease, assign, give
option or options to purchase, or otherwise dispose of and deliver the
Collateral or any part thereof (or contract to do any of the foregoing), in one
or more parcels or as an entirety at public or private sale or sales, at any
exchange, broker's board or office of the Lender or elsewhere upon such terms
and conditions as it may deem advisable and at such prices as it may deem best,
for cash or on credit or for future delivery without assumption of any credit
risk. The Lender shall have the right upon any such public sale or sales, and,
to the extent permitted by law, upon any such private sale or sales, to purchase
the whole or any part of the Collateral so sold, free of any right or equity of
redemption in the Borrowers, which right or equity is hereby waived or released.
The Borrowers further agree, at the Lender's request, to assemble the Collateral
and make it available to the Lender at places which the Lender shall reasonably
select, whether at the Borrowers' premises or elsewhere. The Lender shall apply
the net proceeds of any such collection, recovery, receipt, appropriation,
realization or sale, after deducting all reasonable costs and expenses of every
kind incurred therein or incidental to the care or safekeeping of any of the
Collateral or in any way relating to the Collateral or the rights of the Lender
hereunder, including without limitation reasonable attorneys' fees and
disbursements, to the payment in whole or in part of the Secured Obligations, in
such order as the Lender may elect, and only after such application and after
the payment by the Lender of any other amount required or permitted by any
provision of law, including without limitation Section 9-504(1)(c) of the
Uniform Commercial Code, need the Lender account for the surplus, if any, to the
Borrower. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Borrowers waive all
claims, damages and demands they may acquire against the Lender arising out of
the exercise by the Lender of any of its rights hereunder, other than those
claims, damages and demands arising from the gross negligence or willful
misconduct of the Lender. If any notice of a proposed sale or other disposition
of Collateral shall be required by law, such notice shall be deemed reasonable
and proper if given at least 10 days before such sale or other disposition. The
Borrowers shall remain liable for any deficiency (plus accrued interest thereon
as contemplated pursuant to Section 2.05(b) hereof) if the proceeds of any sale
or other disposition of the Collateral are insufficient to pay the Secured
Obligations and the fees and disbursements of any attorneys employed by the
Lender to collect such deficiency.
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4.08 LIMITATION ON DUTIES REGARDING PRESERVATION OF COLLATERAL. The
Lender's duty with respect to the custody, safekeeping and physical preservation
of the Collateral in its possession, under Section 9-207 of the Uniform
Commercial Code or otherwise, shall be to deal with it in the same manner as the
Lender deals with similar property for its own account. Neither the Lender nor
any of its directors, officers or employees shall be liable for failure to
demand, collect or realize upon all or any part of the Collateral or for any
delay in doing so or shall be under any obligation to sell or otherwise dispose
of any Collateral upon the request of the Borrowers or otherwise.
4.09 POWERS COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST. All authorizations and agencies
herein contained with respect to the Collateral are irrevocable and powers
coupled with an interest.
4.10 RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST. Upon termination of this Loan Agreement
and repayment to the Lender of all Secured Obligations and the performance of
all obligations under the Loan Documents the Lender shall release its security
interest in any remaining Collateral.
Section 5. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT.
5.01 INITIAL LOAN. The obligation of the Lender to make its initial Loan
hereunder is subject to the satisfaction, immediately prior to or concurrently
with the making of such Loan, of the condition precedent that the Lender shall
have received all of the following documents, each of which shall be
satisfactory to the Lender and its counsel in form and substance:
(a) LOAN DOCUMENTS.
(i) AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTE. The Amended and Restated Note, duly
completed and executed;
(ii) CUSTODIAL AGREEMENT. The Custodial Agreement, duly executed and
delivered by the Borrowers, the Lender and the Custodian. In addition, the
Borrowers shall have taken such other action as the Lender shall have
requested in order to perfect the security interests created pursuant to
the Loan Agreement;
(iii) BLOCKED ACCOUNT AGREEMENT. A Blocked Account Agreement, duly
executed by the parties thereto;
(b) ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS. A good standing certificate and
certified copies of the operating agreement and by-laws (or equivalent
documents) of the Borrowers and of all corporate or other authority for the
Borrowers with respect to the execution, delivery and performance of the
Loan Documents and each other document to be delivered by the Borrowers
from time to time in connection herewith (and the Lender may conclusively
rely on such certificate until it receives notice in writing from the
Borrowers to the contrary);
(c) LEGAL OPINION. A legal opinion of counsel to the Borrowers,
substantially in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT C.
(d) TRUST RECEIPT AND MORTGAGE LOAN SCHEDULE AND EXCEPTION REPORT. A
Trust Receipt, substantially in the form of ANNEX 2 of the Custodial
Agreement, dated the Effective Date, from the Custodian, duly completed,
with a Mortgage Loan Schedule and Exception Report attached thereto;
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(e) SERVICING AGREEMENT(S). Any Servicing Agreement, certified as a true,
correct and complete copy of the original with a letter attached thereto
acknowledged by the applicable Servicer directing the Servicer to remit all
payments on account of the Mortgage Loans directly to the Lender upon receipt of
notice from the Lender of the occurrence of an Event of Default;
(f) SECURITIZATION LETTER. A letter agreement between the Borrowers and MS
& Co. granting MS & Co. the exclusive option to act as lead or co-lead
underwriter or placement agent in connection with any debt or equity offering
made by the Borrowers with respect to the Mortgage Loans, duly executed and
delivered by the Borrowers and MS & Co., which shall be satisfactory to the
Lender in form and substance, provided, that Borrower shall have the right to
employ an alternate lead or co-lead underwriter and pay an Exit Fee pursuant to
Section 3.05.
(g) OTHER DOCUMENTS. Such other documents as the Lender may reasonably
request; and
(h) PAYMENT OF COMMITMENT FEE. The Borrowers shall pay the commitment
fee pursuant to Section 3.04 hereof.
5.02 INITIAL AND SUBSEQUENT LOANS. The making of each Loan to the Borrowers
(including the initial Loan) on any Business Day is subject to the satisfaction
of the following further conditions precedent, both immediately prior to the
making of such Loan and also after giving effect thereto and to the intended use
thereof:
(a) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing;
(b) both immediately prior to the making of such Loan and also after
giving effect thereto and to the intended use thereof, the representations
and warranties made by the Borrowers in Section 6 and Schedule 1 hereof,
and elsewhere in each of the Loan Documents, shall be true and complete on
and as of the date of the making of such Loan in all material respects (in
the case of the representations and warranties in Section 6.10 and Schedule
1, solely with respect to Mortgage Loans included in the Borrowing Base)
with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date (or, if
any such representation or warranty is expressly stated to have been made
as of a specific date, as of such specific date). The Lender shall have
received an officer's certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the
Borrowers certifying as to the truth and accuracy of the above, which
certificate shall specifically include a statement that the Borrowers are
in compliance with all governmental licenses and authorizations and is
qualified to do business and in good standing in all required
jurisdictions.
(c) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Loans shall not
exceed the Borrowing Base;
(d) subject to the Lender's right to perform one or more Due Diligence
Reviews pursuant to Section 11.15 hereof, the Lender shall have completed
its due diligence review of the Mortgage Loan Documents for each Loan and
such other documents, records, agreements, instruments, mortgaged
properties or information relating to such Loans as the Lender in its sole
discretion deems appropriate to review and such review shall be
satisfactory to the Lender in its sole discretion;
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(e) the Lender shall have received from the Custodian a Mortgage Loan
Schedule and Exception Report with Exceptions as are acceptable to the
Lender in its sole discretion in respect of Eligible Mortgage Loans to be
pledged hereunder on such Business Day;
(f) the Lender shall have received from the Borrower a Warehouse
Lender's Release Letter substantially in the form of EXHIBIT E-2 hereto (or
such other form acceptable to the Lender) or a Seller's Release Letter
substantially in the form of EXHIBIT E-1 hereto (or such other form
acceptable to the Lender) covering each Mortgage Loan to be pledged to the
Lender;
(g) none of the following shall have occurred and/or be continuing:
(i) an event or events shall have occurred resulting in the effective
absence of a "repo market" or comparable "lending market" for financing
debt obligations secured by mortgage loans or securities or an event or
events shall have occurred resulting in the Lender not being able to
finance any Loans through the "repo market" or "lending market" with
traditional counterparties at rates which would have been reasonable prior
to the occurrence of such event or events;
(ii) an event or events shall have occurred resulting in the effective
absence of a "securities market" for securities backed by mortgage loans or
an event or events shall have occurred resulting in the Lender not being
able to sell securities backed by mortgage loans at prices which would have
been reasonable prior to such event or events; or
(iii) there shall have occurred a material adverse change in the
financial condition of the Lender which effects (or can reasonably be
expected to effect) materially and adversely the ability of the Lender to
fund its obligations under this Loan Agreement.
Each request for a borrowing by the Borrowers hereunder shall constitute a
certification by the Borrowers that all the conditions set forth in this Section
5 have been satisfied (both as of the date of such notice, request or
confirmation and as of the date of such borrowing). In the event that the Lender
fails to make a Loan to the Borrowers due solely to any of the circumstances set
forth in Section 5.02(g) hereof, then, upon request of the Borrowers, the Lender
shall refund to the Borrower that portion of the commitment fee paid pursuant to
Section 3.04 hereof, pro-rated over the number of days (notwithstanding any
extension of the Termination Date pursuant to Section 2.09, such amount shall be
calculated based upon the original term of this Loan Agreement) during which the
Lender fails to make Loans requested by the Borrowers solely because of the
circumstances set forth in Section 5.02 (g) hereof.
Section 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. The Borrowers represent and
warrant to the Lender that throughout the term of this Loan Agreement:
6.01 EXISTENCE. Each of the Borrowers (a) is a corporation duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
organization, (b) has all requisite corporate or other power, and has all
governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals necessary to own
its assets and carry on its business as now being or as proposed to be
conducted, except where the lack of such licenses, authorizations, consents and
approvals would not be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(c) is qualified to do business and is in good standing in all other
jurisdictions in which the nature of the business conducted by it makes such
qualification
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necessary, except where failure so to qualify would not be reasonably likely
(either individually or in the aggregate) to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.02 FINANCIAL CONDITION. HCMH has heretofore furnished to the Lender a
copy of (a) its consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated balance sheets
of its consolidated Subsidiaries for the fiscal year of HCMH ended December 31,
1997 and the related consolidated statements of income and retained earnings and
of cash flows for HCMH and its consolidated Subsidiaries for such fiscal year,
setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous
year, with the opinion thereon of a nationally recognized accounting firm and
(b) its consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated balance sheets of its
consolidated Subsidiaries for the quarterly fiscal periods of HCMH ended March
31, 1998, June 30, 1998 and September 30, 1998 and the related consolidated
statements of income and retained earnings and of cash flows for HCMH and its
consolidated Subsidiaries for such quarterly fiscal periods, setting forth in
each case in comparative form the figures for the previous year. All such
financial statements are complete and correct and fairly present, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial condition of HCMH and its
Subsidiaries and the consolidated results of their operations as at such dates
and for such fiscal periods, all in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent
basis. Since September 30, 1998, there has been no material adverse change in
the consolidated business, operations or financial condition of HCMH and its
consolidated Subsidiaries taken as a whole from that set forth in said financial
statements.
6.03 LITIGATION. There are no actions, suits, arbitrations, investigations
(including, without limitation, any of the foregoing which are pending or
threatened) or other legal or arbitrable proceedings affecting either Borrower
or any of its Subsidiaries or affecting any of the Property of any of them
before any Governmental Authority that (i) questions or challenges the validity
or enforceability of any of the Loan Documents or any action to be taken in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) makes a claim or
claims in an aggregate amount greater than $1,000,000.00, (iii) which,
individually or in the aggregate, if adversely determined, could reasonably be
likely to have a Material Adverse Effect, or (iv) requires filing with the
Securities and Exchange Commission in accordance with the 1934 Act or any rules
thereunder.
6.04 NO BREACH. Neither (a) the execution and delivery of the Loan
Documents nor (b) the consummation of the transactions therein contemplated in
compliance with the terms and provisions thereof will conflict with or result in
a breach of the charter or by-laws of either Borrower, or any applicable law,
rule or regulation, or any order, writ, injunction or decree of any Governmental
Authority, or any Servicing Agreement or other material agreement or instrument
to which either Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any
of them or any of their Property is bound or to which any of them is subject, or
constitute a default under any such material agreement or instrument or result
in the creation or imposition of any Lien (except for the Liens created pursuant
to this Loan Agreement) upon any Property of either Borrower or any of its
Subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of any such agreement or instrument.
6.05 ACTION. The Borrowers have all necessary corporate or other power,
authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform their obligations
under each of the Loan Documents; the execution, delivery and performance by the
Borrowers of each of the Loan Documents has been duly authorized by all
necessary corporate or other action on their part; and each Loan Document has
been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Borrowers and constitutes a
legal, valid and binding obligation of the Borrowers, enforceable against the
Borrowers in accordance with its terms.
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6.06 APPROVALS. No authorizations, approvals or consents of, and no filings
or registrations with, any Governmental Authority or any securities exchange are
necessary for the execution, delivery or performance by the Borrowers of the
Loan Documents or for the legality, validity or enforceability thereof, except
for filings and recordings in respect of the Liens created pursuant to this Loan
Agreement.
6.07 MARGIN REGULATIONS. Neither the making of any Loan hereunder, nor the
use of the proceeds thereof, will violate or be inconsistent with the provisions
of Regulation T, U or X.
6.08 TAXES. The Borrowers have filed all Federal income tax returns and all
other material tax returns that are required to be filed by it and has paid all
taxes due pursuant to such returns or pursuant to any assessment received by it,
except for any such taxes as are being appropriately contested in good faith by
appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and with respect to which adequate
reserves have been provided. The charges, accruals and reserves on the books of
the Borrowers in respect of taxes and other governmental charges are, in the
opinion of the Borrowers, adequate.
6.09 INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT. Neither the Borrowers nor any of their
Subsidiaries is an "investment company", or a company "controlled" by an
"investment company," within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended.
6.10 COLLATERAL; COLLATERAL SECURITY.
(a) The Borrowers have not assigned, pledged, or otherwise conveyed or
encumbered any Mortgage Loan to any other Person, and immediately prior to the
pledge of such Mortgage Loan to the Lender, the applicable Borrower was the sole
owner of such Mortgage Loan and had good and marketable title thereto, free and
clear of all Liens, in each case except for Liens to be released simultaneously
with the Liens granted in favor of the Lender hereunder. No Mortgage Loan
pledged to the Lender hereunder was acquired (by purchase or otherwise) by the
applicable Borrower from an Affiliate of the Borrower
(b) The provisions of this Loan Agreement are effective to create in favor
of the Lender a valid security interest in all right, title and interest of the
Borrowers in, to and under the Collateral.
(c) Upon receipt by the Custodian of each Mortgage Note, endorsed in blank
by a duly authorized officer of the applicable Borrower, the Lender shall have a
fully perfected first priority security interest therein, in the Mortgage Loan
evidenced thereby and in the Borrowers' interest in the related Mortgaged
Property.
(d) Upon the filing of financing statements on Form UCC-1 naming the Lender
as "Secured Party" and the Borrowers as "Debtor", and describing the Collateral,
in the jurisdictions and recording offices listed on Schedule 2 attached hereto,
the security interests granted hereunder in the Collateral will constitute fully
perfected first priority security interests under the Uniform Commercial Code in
all right, title and interest of the Borrowers in, to and under such Collateral
which can be perfected by filing under the Uniform Commercial Code.
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6.11 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICE. On the Effective Date, and during the four
months immediately preceding the Effective Date, the Borrowers' chief executive
offices, are, and have been, located at 90 West Street, Suite 1508, New York, NY
10006.
6.12 LOCATION OF BOOKS AND RECORDS. The location where the Borrowers keeps
their books and records, including all computer tapes and records relating to
the Collateral is their chief executive office.
6.13 HEDGING. The Borrowers have entered into Interest Rate Protection
Agreements, having a notional amount not less than 80% of the aggregate unpaid
principal amount of the fixed-rate Mortgage Loans having terms with respect to
protection against fluctuations in interest rates reasonably acceptable to the
Lender.
6.14 TRUE AND COMPLETE DISCLOSURE. The information, reports, financial
statements, exhibits and schedules furnished in writing by or on behalf of the
Borrowers to the Lender in connection with the negotiation, preparation or
delivery of this Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents or included herein
or therein or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto, when taken as a whole, do
not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state any material
fact necessary to make the statements herein or therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. All written
information furnished after the date hereof by or on behalf of the Borrowers to
the Lender in connection with this Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents
and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will be true, complete and
accurate in every material respect, or (in the case of projections) based on
reasonable estimates, on the date as of which such information is stated or
certified. There is no fact known to a Responsible Officer of the Borrowers,
after due inquiry, that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect that has not been disclosed herein, in the other Loan Documents or in a
report, financial statement, exhibit, schedule, disclosure letter or other
writing furnished to the Lender for use in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby.
6.15 TANGIBLE NET WORTH. On the Effective Date, the Tangible Net Worth of
HCMH is not less than $65,000,000.
6.16 ERISA. Each Plan to which the Borrowers or their Subsidiaries make
direct contributions, and, to the knowledge of the Borrowers, each other Plan
and each Multiemployer Plan, is in compliance in all material respects with, and
has been administered in all material respects in compliance with, the
applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and any other Federal or State law. No
event or condition has occurred and is continuing as to which the Borrowers
would be under an obligation to furnish a report to the Lender under Section
7.01(d) hereof.
6.17 PERCENTAGE OWNERSHIP. No Person beneficially owns (directly or
indirectly) more than 49% of HCMH.
6.18 SOLVENCY. The actions taken by the Borrowers pursuant to this Loan
Agreement are not undertaken with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud the
Borrowers' creditors. The Borrowers are not insolvent within the meaning of 11
U.S.C. Section 101(32) and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
herein (a) will not cause the Borrowers to become insolvent, (b) will not result
in any property remaining with the Borrowers to be unreasonably small capital,
and (c) will not result in debts that would be beyond the Borrowers' ability to
pay as same mature. The Borrowers are
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receiving reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the transfer and pledge of
the Borrowers' interest in the Collateral made pursuant to this Loan Agreement.
Section 7. COVENANTS OF THE BORROWERS. The Borrowers covenant and agree
with the Lender that, so long as any Loan is outstanding and until payment in
full of all Secured Obligations:
7.01 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. The Borrowers shall deliver to the Lender:
(a) as soon as available and in any event within 45 days after the end
of each of the first three quarterly fiscal periods of each fiscal year of
HCMH, the unaudited consolidated balance sheets of HCMH and its
consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of such period and the related
unaudited consolidated statements of income and retained earnings and of
cash flows for HCMH and its consolidated Subsidiaries for such period and
the portion of the fiscal year through the end of such period, setting
forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous year,
accompanied by a certificate of a Responsible Officer of HCMH, which
certificate shall state that said consolidated financial statements fairly
present the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of
HCMH and its consolidated Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP,
consistently applied, as at the end of, and for, such period (subject to
normal year-end audit adjustments);
(b) as soon as available and in any event within 90 days after the end
of each fiscal year of HCMH, the consolidated balance sheets of HCMH and
its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year and the
related consolidated statements of income and retained earnings and of cash
flows for HCMH and its consolidated Subsidiaries for such year, setting
forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous year,
accompanied by an opinion thereon of independent certified public
accountants of recognized national standing, which opinion shall not be
qualified as to scope of audit or going concern and shall state that said
consolidated financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial
condition and results of operations of HCMH and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as at the end of, and for, such fiscal year in accordance with
GAAP, and a certificate of such accountants stating that, in making the
examination necessary for their opinion, they obtained no knowledge, except
as specifically stated, of any Default or Event of Default;
(c) from time to time such other information regarding the financial
condition, operations, or business of the Borrowers as the Lender may
reasonably request; and
(d) as soon as reasonably possible, and in any event within thirty
(30) days after a Responsible Officer of the Borrower knows, or with
respect to any Plan or Multiemployer Plan to which the Borrowers or any of
their Subsidiaries make direct contributions, has reason to believe, that
any of the events or conditions specified below with respect to any Plan or
Multiemployer Plan has occurred or exists, a statement signed by a senior
financial officer of the applicable Borrower setting forth details
respecting such event or condition and the action, if any, that the
applicable Borrower or its ERISA Affiliate proposes to take with respect
thereto (and a copy of any report or notice required to be filed with or
given to PBGC by such Borrower or an ERISA Affiliate with respect to such
event or condition):
(i) any reportable event, as defined in Section 4043(c) of ERISA
and the regulations issued thereunder, with respect to a Plan, as to
which PBGC has not by regulation waived the requirement of Section
4043(a) of ERISA that it be notified
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<PAGE> 33
within thirty (30) days of the occurrence of such event (PROVIDED that
a failure to meet the minimum funding standard of Section 412 of the
Code or Section 302 of ERISA, including without limitation the failure
to make on or before its due date a required installment under Section
412(m) of the Code or Section 302(e) of ERISA, shall be a reportable
event regardless of the issuance of any waivers in accordance with
Section 412(d) of the Code); and any request for a waiver under
Section 412(d) of the Code for any Plan;
(ii) the distribution under Section 4041(c) of ERISA of a notice
of intent to terminate any Plan or any action taken by a Borrower or
an ERISA Affiliate to terminate any Plan;
(iii) the institution by PBGC of proceedings under Section 4042
of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to
administer, any Plan, or the receipt by a Borrower or any ERISA
Affiliate of a notice from a Multiemployer Plan that such action has
been taken by PBGC with respect to such Multiemployer Plan;
(iv) the complete or partial withdrawal from a Multiemployer Plan
by a Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate that results in liability under
Section 4201 or 4204 of ERISA (including the obligation to satisfy
secondary liability as a result of a purchaser default) or the receipt
by a Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate of notice from a Multiemployer
Plan that it is in reorganization or insolvency pursuant to Section
4241 or 4245 of ERISA or that it intends to terminate or has
terminated under Section 4041A of ERISA;
(v) the institution of a proceeding by a fiduciary of any
Multiemployer Plan against a Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate to
enforce Section 515 of ERISA, which proceeding is not dismissed within
30 days; and
(vi) the adoption of an amendment to any Plan that would result
in the loss of tax-exempt status of the trust of which such Plan is a
part if a Borrower or an ERISA Affiliate fails to provide timely
security to such Plan in accordance with the provisions of Section
401(a)(29) of the Code or Section 307 of ERISA.
HCMH will furnish to the Lender, at the time it furnishes each set of financial
statements pursuant to paragraphs (a) and (b) above, a certificate of a
Responsible Officer of HCMH to the effect that, to the best of such Responsible
Officer's knowledge, the Borrowers during such fiscal period or year have
observed or performed all of its covenants and other agreements, and satisfied
every condition, contained in this Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents
to be observed, performed or satisfied by it, and that such Responsible Officer
has obtained no knowledge of any Default or Event of Default except as specified
in such certificate (and, if any Default or Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing, describing the same in reasonable detail and describing the action
the Borrower has taken or proposes to take with respect thereto).
7.02 LITIGATION. The Borrowers will promptly, and in any event within 10
days after service of process on any of the following, give to the Lender notice
of all litigation, actions, suits, arbitrations, investigations (including,
without limitation, any of the foregoing which are pending or threatened) or
other legal or arbitrable proceedings affecting either Borrower or any of its
Subsidiaries or affecting any of the Property of any of them before any
Governmental Authority that (i) questions or
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<PAGE> 34
challenges the validity or enforceability of any of the Loan Documents or any
action to be taken in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii)
makes a claim or claims in an aggregate amount greater than $1,000,000.00, (iii)
which, individually or in the aggregate, if adversely determined, could be
reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect, or (iv) requires filing
with the Securities and Exchange Commission in accordance with the 1934 Act and
any rules thereunder.
7.03 EXISTENCE, ETC. The Borrowers will:
(a) preserve and maintain their legal existence and all of their
material rights, privileges, licenses and franchises (provided that nothing
in this Section 7.03(a) shall prohibit any transaction expressly permitted
under Section 7.04 hereof);
(b) comply with the requirements of all applicable laws, rules,
regulations and orders of Governmental Authorities (including, without
limitation, all environmental laws) if failure to comply with such
requirements would be reasonably likely (either individually or in the
aggregate) to have a Material Adverse Effect;
(c) keep adequate records and books of account, in which complete
entries will be made in accordance with GAAP consistently applied;
(d) not move their chief executive office from the address referred to
in Section 6.11 unless they shall have provided the Lender 30 days' prior
written notice of such change;
(e) pay and discharge all taxes, assessments and governmental charges
or levies imposed on it or on its income or profits or on any of their
Property prior to the date on which penalties attach thereto, except for
any such tax, assessment, charge or levy the payment of which is being
contested in good faith and by proper proceedings and against which
adequate reserves are being maintained; and
(f) permit representatives of the Lender, during normal business
hours, to examine, copy and make extracts from their books and records, to
inspect any of their Properties, and to discuss their business and affairs
with their officers, all to the extent reasonably requested by the Lender.
7.04 PROHIBITION OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES. The Borrowers shall not enter into
any transaction of merger or consolidation or amalgamation, or liquidate, wind
up or dissolve themselves (or suffer any liquidation, winding up or dissolution)
or sell all or substantially all of their assets; PROVIDED, that the Borrowers
may merge or consolidate with (a) any wholly owned subsidiary of HCMH, or (b)
any other Person if the respective Borrower is the surviving corporation; and
PROVIDED FURTHER, that if after giving effect thereto, no Default would exist
hereunder.
7.05 BORROWING BASE DEFICIENCY. If at any time there exists a Borrowing
Base Deficiency the Borrowers shall cure same in accordance with Section 2.06
hereof.
7.06 NOTICES. The Borrowers shall give notice to the Lender:
(a) promptly upon receipt of notice or knowledge of the occurrence of
any Default or Event of Default;
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(b) with respect to any Mortgage Loan pledged to the Lender hereunder,
immediately upon receipt of any principal prepayment (in full or partial)
of such pledged Mortgage Loan;
(c) with respect to any Mortgage Loan pledged to the Lender hereunder,
immediately upon receipt of notice or knowledge that the underlying
Mortgaged Property has been damaged by waste, fire, earthquake or earth
movement, windstorm, flood, tornado or other casualty, or otherwise damaged
so as to affect adversely the Collateral Value of such pledged Mortgage
Loan; and
(d) promptly upon receipt of notice or knowledge of (i) any default
related to any Collateral, (ii) any Lien or security interest (other than
security interests created hereby or by the other Loan Documents) on, or
claim asserted against, any of the Collateral or (iii) any event or change
in circumstances which could reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect.
Each notice pursuant to this Section shall be accompanied by a statement of a
Responsible Officer of the Borrowers setting forth details of the occurrence
referred to therein and stating what action the Borrowers have taken or propose
to take with respect thereto.
7.07 HEDGING. The Borrowers shall at all times maintain Interest Rate
Protection Agreements, having a notional amount not less than [80%] of the
aggregate outstanding principal balance of all fixed-rate Mortgage Loans having
terms with respect to protection against fluctuations in interest rates
reasonably acceptable to the Lender. The Borrowers shall deliver to the Lender
monthly a written summary of the notional amount of all outstanding Interest
Rate Protection Agreements.
7.08 REPORTS. The Borrowers shall provide the Lender with a quarterly
report, which report shall include, among other items, (a) a summary of the
Borrowers' delinquency and loss experience with respect to mortgage loans
serviced by the Borrowers, any Servicer or any designee of either, plus any such
additional reports as the Lender may reasonably request with respect to the
Borrowers' or any Servicer's servicing portfolio and (b) a mark to market
summary of any residual securities held by the Borrowers or any of their
Subsidiaries.
7.09 UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES. Without the prior written consent of the
Lender, the Borrowers shall not amend or otherwise modify the Underwriting
Guidelines. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, in the event that the
Borrowers make any amendment or modification to the Underwriting Guidelines, the
Borrowers shall promptly deliver to the Lender a complete copy of the amended or
modified Underwriting Guidelines.
7.10 TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES. Neither Borrower will enter into any
transaction, including without limitation any purchase, sale, lease or exchange
of property or the rendering of any service, with any Affiliate unless such
transaction is (a) otherwise permitted under this Loan Agreement, (b) in the
ordinary course of such Borrower's business and (c) upon fair and reasonable
terms no less favorable to such Borrower than it would obtain in a comparable
arm's length transaction with a Person which is not an Affiliate, or make a
payment that is not otherwise permitted by this Section 7.10 to any Affiliate.
In no event shall the Borrowers pledge to the Lender hereunder any Mortgage Loan
acquired by any Borrower from an Affiliate of such Borrower (other than a
co-Borrower).
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7.11 LIMITATION ON LIENS. The Borrowers will defend the Collateral against,
and will take such other action as is necessary to remove, any Lien, security
interest or claim on or to the Collateral, other than the security interests
created under this Loan Agreement, and the Borrowers will defend the right,
title and interest of the Lenders in and to any of the Collateral against the
claims and demands of all persons whomsoever.
7.12 LIMITATION ON GUARANTEES. The Borrowers shall not create, incur,
assume or suffer to exist any Guarantees, except with respect to those
Guarantees previously disclosed to and approved by the Lender guaranteeing
Indebtedness in amounts previously disclosed to and approved by the Lender to
Hanover Capital Partners, Ltd.
7.13 LIMITATION ON DISTRIBUTIONS. After the occurrence and during the
continuation of any Default, the Borrowers shall not make any payment on account
of, or set apart assets for, a sinking or other analogous fund for the purchase,
redemption, defeasance, retirement or other acquisition of any equity or
partnership interest of the Borrowers, whether now or hereafter outstanding, or
make any other distribution in respect of any of the foregoing or to any
shareholder or equity owner of the Borrowers, either directly or indirectly,
whether in cash or property or in obligations of the Borrowers or any of the
Borrowers' consolidated Subsidiaries.
7.14 MAINTENANCE OF TANGIBLE NET WORTH. HCMH shall not permit Tangible Net
Worth at any time to be less than the sum of (i) $60,000,000 plus (ii) an amount
equal to 75% of the aggregate or positive Net Income (without deduction for
quarterly losses).
7.15 MAINTENANCE OF RATIO OF TOTAL INDEBTEDNESS TO TANGIBLE NET WORTH. HCMH
shall not permit the ratio of Total Indebtedness to Tangible Net Worth at any
time to be greater than 10:1.
7.16 MAINTENANCE OF PROFITABILITY. The Borrowers shall not permit, for any
period of three consecutive fiscal quarters (each such period, a "TEST PERIOD"),
Net Income for such Test Period, before income taxes for such Test Period and
distributions made during such Test Period, to be less than $1.00.
7.17 SERVICING TAPE. The Borrowers shall provide to the Lender on the fifth
Business Day of each month a computer readable file containing servicing
information updated as of the close of business of the last business day of the
preceding month, including without limitation those fields specified by the
Lender from time to time, on a loan-by-loan basis and in the aggregate, with
respect to the Mortgage Loans serviced hereunder by the Borrowers or any
Servicer. The Borrowers shall not cause the Mortgage Loans to be serviced by any
servicer other than a servicer expressly approved in writing by the Lender.
7.18 MAINTENANCE OF LIQUIDITY. HCMH shall ensure that, as of the end of
each calendar month, it has unencumbered Cash Equivalents in an amount of not
less than $4,000,000.
7.19 REQUIRED FILINGS. The Borrowers shall promptly provide the Lender with
copies of all documents which the Borrowers or any Affiliate of the Borrowers is
required to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission in accordance with
the 1934 Act or any rules thereunder.
7.20 NO ADVERSE SELECTION. The Borrowers have not selected the Collateral
in a manner so as to adversely affect the Lender's interests.
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7.21 LIMITATION ON SUBSIDIARY FORMATION. Except with respect to those
Subsidiaries formed solely for the purpose of issuing collateralized mortgage
obligations, the Borrowers shall not form any Subsidiaries.
Section 8. EVENTS OF DEFAULT. Each of the following events shall constitute
an event of default (an "EVENT OF DEFAULT") hereunder:
(a) the Borrowers shall default in the payment of any principal of or
interest on any Loan when due (whether at stated maturity, upon
acceleration or at mandatory prepayment); or
(b) the Borrowers shall default in the payment of any other amount
payable by it hereunder or under any other Loan Document after notification
by the Lender of such default, and such default shall have continued
unremedied for five Business Days; or
(c) any representation, warranty or certification made or deemed made
herein or in any other Loan Document by the Borrowers or any certificate
furnished to the Lender pursuant to the provisions hereof or thereof shall
prove to have been false or misleading in any material respect as of the
time made or furnished (other than the representations and warranties set
forth in Schedule 1, which shall be considered solely for the purpose of
determining the Collateral Value of the Mortgage Loans; unless (i) the
Borrowers shall have made any such representations and warranties with
knowledge that they were materially false or misleading at the time made or
(ii) any such representations and warranties have been determined by the
Lender in its sole discretion to be materially false or misleading on a
regular basis); or
(d) either Borrower shall fail to comply with the requirements of
Section 7.03(a), Section 7.04, Section 7.05, Section 7.06, or Sections 7.09
through 7.22 hereof; or the Borrower shall otherwise fail to comply with
the requirements of Section 7.03 hereof and such default shall continue
unremedied for a period of five Business Days; or either Borrower shall
fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in
this Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document and such failure to observe
or perform shall continue unremedied for a period of seven Business Days;
or
(e) a final judgment or judgments for the payment of money in excess
of $5,000,000 in the aggregate shall be rendered against any Borrower or
any of its Affiliates by one or more courts, administrative tribunals or
other bodies having jurisdiction and the same shall not be satisfied,
discharged (or provision shall not be made for such discharge) or bonded,
or a stay of execution thereof shall not be procured, within 30 days from
the date of entry thereof, and such Borrower or any such Affiliate shall
not, within said period of 30 days, or such longer period during which
execution of the same shall have been stayed or bonded, appeal therefrom
and cause the execution thereof to be stayed during such appeal; or
(f) either Borrower shall admit in writing its inability to pay its
debts as such debts become due; or
(g) either Borrower or any of its Affiliates shall (i) apply for or
consent to the appointment of, or the taking of possession by, a receiver,
custodian, trustee, examiner or liquidator or the like of itself or of all
or a substantial part of its property, (ii) make a general assignment for
the benefit of its creditors, (iii) commence a voluntary case under the
Bankruptcy Code, (iv) file a petition seeking to take advantage of any
other law relating to
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bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, liquidation, dissolution,
arrangement or winding-up, or composition or readjustment of debts, (v)
fail to controvert in a timely and appropriate manner, or acquiesce in
writing to, any petition filed against it in an involuntary case under the
Bankruptcy Code or (vi) take any corporate or other action for the purpose
of effecting any of the foregoing; or
(h) a proceeding or case shall be commenced, without the application
or consent of either Borrower or any of its Affiliates, in any court of
competent jurisdiction, seeking (i) its reorganization, liquidation,
dissolution, arrangement or winding-up, or the composition or readjustment
of its debts, (ii) the appointment of, or the taking of possession by, a
receiver, custodian, trustee, examiner, liquidator or the like of such
Borrower or any such Affiliate or of all or any substantial part of its
property, or (iii) similar relief in respect of such Borrower or any such
Affiliate under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
liquidation, dissolution, arrangement or winding-up, or composition or
adjustment of debts, and such proceeding or case shall continue
undismissed, or an order, judgment or decree approving or ordering any of
the foregoing shall be entered and continue unstayed and in effect, for a
period of 30 or more days; or an order for relief against such Borrower or
any such Affiliate shall be entered in an involuntary case under the
Bankruptcy Code; or
(i) the Custodial Agreement or any Loan Document shall for whatever
reason be terminated or cease to be in full force and effect, or the
enforceability thereof shall be contested by either Borrower; or
(j) either Borrower shall grant, or suffer to exist, any Lien on any
Collateral except the Liens contemplated hereby; or the Liens contemplated
hereby shall cease to be first priority perfected Liens on the Collateral
in favor of the Lender or shall be Liens in favor of any Person other than
the Lender; or
(k) either Borrower or any of such Borrower's Affiliates shall be in
default under any note, indenture, loan agreement, guaranty, swap agreement
or any other contract to which it is a party, which default (i) involves
the failure to pay a matured obligation, or (ii) permits the acceleration
of the maturity of obligations by any other party to or beneficiary of such
note, indenture, loan agreement, guaranty, swap agreement or other
contract; or
(l) any materially adverse change in the Property, business, financial
condition or prospects of either Borrower or any of its Affiliates shall
occur, in each case as determined by the Lender in its sole discretion, or
any other condition shall exist which, in the Lender's sole discretion,
constitutes a material impairment of either Borrower's ability to perform
its obligations under this Loan Agreement, the Amended and Restated Note or
any other Loan Document; or
(m) any person shall beneficially own (directly or indirectly) more
than 49% of HCMH; or
(n) either Borrower or any Affiliate of such Borrower shall default
under any other agreement with the Lender or an Affiliate of the Lender.
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Section 9. REMEDIES UPON DEFAULT.
(a) An Event of Default shall be deemed to be continuing unless expressly
waived by the Lender in writing. Upon the occurrence of one or more Events of
Default hereunder, the Lender's obligation to make additional Loans to the
Borrowers shall automatically terminate without further action by any Person.
Upon the occurrence of one or more Events of Default other than those referred
to in Section 8(g) or (h), the Lender may immediately declare the principal
amount of the Loans then outstanding under the Amended and Restated Note to be
immediately due and payable, together with all interest thereon and fees and
expenses accruing under this Loan Agreement. Upon the occurrence of an Event of
Default referred to in Sections 8(g) or (h), such amounts shall immediately and
automatically become due and payable without any further action by any Person.
Upon such declaration or such automatic acceleration, the balance then
outstanding on the Amended and Restated Note shall become immediately due and
payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other formalities of any kind,
all of which are hereby expressly waived by the Borrowers.
(b) Upon the occurrence of one or more Events of Default, the Lender shall
have the right to obtain physical possession of the Servicing Records and all
other files of the Borrowers relating to the Collateral and all documents
relating to the Collateral which are then or may thereafter come in to the
possession of the Borrowers or any third party acting for the Borrowers and the
Borrowers shall deliver to the Lender such assignments as the Lender shall
request. The Lender shall be entitled to specific performance of all agreements
of the Borrowers contained in this Loan Agreement.
Section 10. NO DUTY OF LENDER. The powers conferred on the Lender hereunder
are solely to protect the Lender's interests in the Collateral and shall not
impose any duty upon it to exercise any such powers. The Lender shall be
accountable only for amounts that it actually receives as a result of the
exercise of such powers, and neither it nor any of its officers, directors,
employees or agents shall be responsible to the Borrowers for any act or failure
to act hereunder, except for its or their own gross negligence or willful
misconduct.
Section 11. MISCELLANEOUS.
11.01 WAIVER. No failure on the part of the Lender to exercise and no delay
in exercising, and no course of dealing with respect to, any right, power or
privilege under any Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall
any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege under any Loan
Document preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any
other right, power or privilege. The remedies provided herein are cumulative and
not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.
11.02 NOTICES. Except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Loan
Agreement, all notices, requests and other communications provided for herein
and under the Custodial Agreement (including without limitation any
modifications of, or waivers, requests or consents under, this Loan Agreement)
shall be given or made in writing (including without limitation by telex or
telecopy) delivered to the intended recipient at the "Address for Notices"
specified below its name on the signature pages hereof or thereof); or, as to
any party, at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a
written notice to each other party. Except as otherwise provided in this Loan
Agreement and except for notices given under Section 2 (which shall be effective
only on receipt), all such communications shall be deemed to have been duly
given when transmitted by telex or telecopy or personally delivered or, in the
case of a mailed notice, upon receipt, in each case given or addressed as
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aforesaid. Any notice delivered to either Borrower shall be deemed to have been
delivered notice to both Borrowers.
11.03 INDEMNIFICATION AND EXPENSES.
(a) The Borrowers agree to hold the Lender, and its Affiliates and their
officers, directors, employees, agents and advisors (each an "INDEMNIFIED
PARTY") harmless from and indemnify any Indemnified Party against all
liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, costs and expenses of any kind which
may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against such Indemnified Party
(collectively, the "COSTS") relating to or arising out of this Loan Agreement,
the Amended and Restated Note, any other Loan Document or any transaction
contemplated hereby or thereby, or any amendment, supplement or modification of,
or any waiver or consent under or in respect of, this Loan Agreement, the
Amended and Restated Note, any other Loan Document or any transaction
contemplated hereby or thereby, that, in each case, results from anything other
than such Indemnified Party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrowers agree to hold any
Indemnified Party harmless from and indemnify such Indemnified Party against all
Costs with respect to all Mortgage Loans relating to or arising out of any
violation or alleged violation of any environmental law, rule or regulation or
any consumer credit laws, including without limitation the Truth in Lending Act
and/or the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, that, in each case, results
from anything other than such Indemnified Party's gross negligence or willful
misconduct. In any suit, proceeding or action brought by an Indemnified Party in
connection with any Mortgage Loan for any sum owing thereunder, or to enforce
any provisions of any Mortgage Loan, the Borrowers will save, indemnify and hold
such Indemnified Party harmless from and against all expense, loss or damage
suffered by reason of any defense, set-off, counterclaim, recoupment or
reduction or liability whatsoever of the account debtor or obligor thereunder,
arising out of a breach by the Borrowers of any obligation thereunder or arising
out of any other agreement, indebtedness or liability at any time owing to or in
favor of such account debtor or obligor or its successors from the Borrowers The
Borrowers also agree to reimburse an Indemnified Party as and when billed by
such Indemnified Party for all such Indemnified Party's costs and expenses
incurred in connection with the enforcement or the preservation of such
Indemnified Party's rights under this Loan Agreement, the Amended and Restated
Note, any other Loan Document or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby,
including without limitation the reasonable fees and disbursements of its
counsel. The Borrowers hereby acknowledges that, notwithstanding the fact that
the Note is secured by the Collateral, the obligations of the Borrowers under
the Amended and Restated Note are recourse obligations of the Borrowers.
(b) The Borrowers agree to pay as and when billed by the Lender all of the
out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Lender in connection with the
development, preparation and execution of, and any amendment, supplement or
modification to, this Loan Agreement, the Amended and Restated Note, any other
Loan Document or any other documents prepared in connection herewith or
therewith. The Borrowers agree to pay as and when billed by the Lender all of
the out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with the
consummation and administration of the transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby including without limitation (i) all the reasonable fees, disbursements
and expenses of counsel to the Lender and (ii) all the due diligence,
inspection, testing and review costs and expenses incurred by the Lender with
respect to Collateral under this Loan Agreement, including, but not limited to,
those costs and expenses incurred by the Lender pursuant to Sections 11.03(a),
11.14 and 11.15 hereof.
11.04 AMENDMENTS. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Loan
Agreement, any provision of this Loan Agreement may be modified or supplemented
only by an instrument in
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writing signed by the Borrowers and the Lender and any provision of this Loan
Agreement may be waived by the Lender.
11.05 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Loan Agreement shall be binding upon and
inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and
permitted assigns.
11.06 SURVIVAL. The obligations of the Borrowers under Sections 3.03 and
11.03 hereof shall survive the repayment of the Loans and the termination of
this Loan Agreement. In addition, each representation and warranty made or
deemed to be made by a request for a borrowing, herein or pursuant hereto shall
survive the making of such representation and warranty, and the Lender shall not
be deemed to have waived, by reason of making any Loan, any Default that may
arise because any such representation or warranty shall have proved to be false
or misleading, notwithstanding that the Lender may have had notice or knowledge
or reason to believe that such representation or warranty was false or
misleading at the time such Loan was made.
11.07 CAPTIONS. The table of contents and captions and section headings
appearing herein are included solely for convenience of reference and are not
intended to affect the interpretation of any provision of this Loan Agreement.
11.08 COUNTERPARTS. This Loan Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same
instrument, and any of the parties hereto may execute this Loan Agreement by
signing any such counterpart.
11.09 LOAN AGREEMENT CONSTITUTES SECURITY AGREEMENT; GOVERNING LAW. This
Loan Agreement shall be governed by New York law without reference to choice of
law doctrine, and shall constitute a security agreement within the meaning of
the Uniform Commercial Code.
11.10 SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; WAIVERS. EACH BORROWER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY
AND UNCONDITIONALLY:
(A) SUBMITS FOR ITSELF AND ITS PROPERTY IN ANY LEGAL ACTION OR
PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS LOAN AGREEMENT, THE AMENDED AND RESTATED NOTE
AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, OR FOR RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ANY
JUDGMENT IN RESPECT THEREOF, TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE GENERAL JURISDICTION OF
THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, THE FEDERAL COURTS OF THE UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, AND APPELLATE
COURTS FROM ANY THEREOF;
(B) CONSENTS THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE BROUGHT IN SUCH
COURTS AND, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, WAIVES ANY OBJECTION THAT IT
MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE VENUE OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN
ANY SUCH COURT OR THAT SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING WAS BROUGHT IN AN
INCONVENIENT COURT AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM THE SAME;
(C) AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING
MAY BE EFFECTED BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL
(OR ANY SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR FORM
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OF MAIL), POSTAGE PREPAID, TO ITS ADDRESS SET FORTH UNDER ITS SIGNATURE
BELOW OR AT SUCH OTHER ADDRESS OF WHICH THE LENDER SHALL HAVE BEEN
NOTIFIED; AND
(D) AGREES THAT NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT TO EFFECT
SERVICE OF PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR SHALL LIMIT THE
RIGHT TO SUE IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION.
11.11 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF THE BORROWERS AND THE LENDER HEREBY
IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND
ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO
THIS LOAN AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED
HEREBY OR THEREBY.
11.12 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. Each Borrower hereby acknowledges that:
(a) it has been advised by counsel in the negotiation, execution and
delivery of this Loan Agreement, the Amended and Restated Note and the
other Loan Documents;
(b) the Lender has no fiduciary relationship to the Borrower, and the
relationship between such Borrower and the Lender is solely that of debtor
and creditor; and
(c) no joint venture exists between the Lender and such Borrower.
11.13 HYPOTHECATION OR PLEDGE OF LOANS. The Lender shall have free and
unrestricted use of all Collateral and nothing in this Loan Agreement shall
preclude the Lender from engaging in repurchase transactions with the Collateral
or otherwise pledging, repledging, transferring, hypothecating, or
rehypothecating the Collateral. Nothing contained in this Loan Agreement shall
obligate the Lender to segregate any Collateral delivered to the Lender by the
Borrowers.
11.14 SERVICING.
(a) The Borrowers covenant to maintain or cause the servicing of the
Mortgage Loans to be maintained in conformity with accepted and prudent
servicing practices in the industry for the same type of mortgage loans as the
Mortgage Loans and in a manner at least equal in quality to the servicing the
Borrowers provide for mortgage loans which they own. In the event that the
preceding language is interpreted as constituting one or more servicing
contracts, each such servicing contract shall terminate automatically upon the
earliest of (i) an Event of Default, (ii) the date on which all the Secured
Obligations have been paid in full or (iii) the transfer of servicing approved
by the Borrowers.
(b) If the Mortgage Loans are serviced by a Borrower, (i) the Borrower
agrees that the Lender is the collateral assignee of all servicing records,
including but not limited to any and all servicing agreements, files, documents,
records, data bases, computer tapes, copies of computer tapes, proof of
insurance coverage, insurance policies, appraisals, other closing documentation,
payment history records, and any other records relating to or evidencing the
servicing of Mortgage Loans (the "SERVICING RECORDS"), and (ii) the Borrower
grants the Lender a security interest in all servicing fees and rights relating
to the Mortgage Loans and all Servicing Records to secure the obligation of the
Borrower or its designee to service in conformity with this Section and any
other obligation of the
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Borrower to the Lender. The Borrower covenants to safeguard such Servicing
Records and to deliver them promptly to the Lender or its designee (including
the Custodian) at the Lender's request.
(c) If the Mortgage Loans are serviced by a third party servicer (such
third party servicer, the "SERVICER"), the Borrowers (i) shall provide a copy of
the servicing agreement to the Lender, which shall be in form and substance
acceptable to the Lender (the "SERVICING AGREEMENT"); (ii) shall provide a
Servicer Notice to the Servicer substantially in the form of EXHIBIT H hereto,
and (iii) hereby irrevocably assigns to the Lender and the Lender's successors
and assigns all right, title, interest of the Borrowers in, to and under, and
the benefits of, any Servicing Agreement with respect to the Mortgage Loans. Any
successor to the Servicer shall be approved in writing by the Lender prior to
such successor's assumption of servicing obligations with respect to the
Mortgage Loans.
(d) If the servicer of the Mortgage Loans is a Borrower or the Servicer is
an Affiliate of the Borrower, such Borrower shall provide to the Lender a letter
from such Borrower or the Servicer, as the case may be, to the effect that upon
the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Lender may terminate any Servicing
Agreement and transfer servicing to its designee, at no cost or expense to the
Lender, it being agreed that such Borrower will pay any and all fees required to
terminate the Servicing Agreement and to effectuate the transfer of servicing to
the designee of the Lender.
(e) After the Funding Date, until the pledge of any Mortgage Loan is
relinquished by the Custodian, the Borrowers will have no right to modify or
alter the terms of such Mortgage Loan and the Borrowers will have no obligation
or right to repossess such Mortgage Loan or substitute another Mortgage Loan,
except as provided in the Custodial Agreement.
(f) In the event a Borrower or its Affiliate is servicing the Mortgage
Loans, such Borrower shall permit the Lender to inspect such Borrower's or its
Affiliate's servicing facilities, as the case may be, for the purpose of
satisfying the Lender that such Borrower or its Affiliate, as the case may be,
has the ability to service the Mortgage Loans as provided in this Loan
Agreement.
11.15 PERIODIC DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW. The Borrowers acknowledge that the
Lender has the right to perform continuing due diligence reviews with respect to
the Mortgage Loans, for purposes of verifying compliance with the
representations, warranties and specifications made hereunder, or otherwise, and
the Borrowers agree that upon reasonable (but no less than two (2) Business
Days') prior notice, unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is
continuing, in which case no notice is required, to the Borrowers, the Lender or
its authorized representatives will be permitted during normal business hours to
examine, inspect, and make copies and extracts of, the Mortgage Files and any
and all documents, records, agreements, instruments or information relating to
such Mortgage Loans in the possession or under the control of the Borrowers
and/or the Custodian. The Borrowers also shall make available to the Lender a
knowledgeable financial or accounting officer for the purpose of answering
questions respecting the Mortgage Files and the Mortgage Loans. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, the Borrowers acknowledge that the Lender may
make Loans to the Borrowers based solely upon the information provided by the
Borrowers to the Lender in the Mortgage Loan Tape and the representations,
warranties and covenants contained herein, and that the Lender, at its option,
has the right at any time to conduct a partial or complete due diligence review
on some or all of the Mortgage Loans securing such Loan, including without
limitation ordering new credit reports and new appraisals on the related
Mortgaged Properties and otherwise re-generating the information used to
originate such Mortgage Loan. The Lender may underwrite such Mortgage Loans
itself or engage a mutually agreed upon third party underwriter to perform such
underwriting. The
-37-
<PAGE> 44
Borrowers agree to cooperate with the Lender and any third party underwriter in
connection with such underwriting, including, but not limited to, providing the
Lender and any third party underwriter with access to any and all documents,
records, agreements, instruments or information relating to such Mortgage Loans
in the possession, or under the control, of the Borrowers. The Borrowers further
agree that the Borrowers shall reimburse the Lender for any and all
out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Lender in connection with the
Lender's activities pursuant to this Section 11.15 ("DUE DILIGENCE COSTS");
provided that such Due Diligence Costs shall not exceed $20,000 per annum (the
"DUE DILIGENCE CAP") unless a Default shall have occurred and be continuing, in
which case, no Due Diligence Cap shall apply.
11.16 SET-OFF. In addition to any rights and remedies of the Lender
provided by this Loan Agreement and by law, the Lender shall have the right,
without prior notice to the Borrowers, any such notice being expressly waived by
the Borrowers to the extent permitted by applicable law, upon any amount
becoming due and payable by the Borrowers hereunder (whether at the stated
maturity, by acceleration or otherwise) to set-off and appropriate and apply
against such amount any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand,
provisional or final), in any currency, and any other credits, indebtedness or
claims, in any currency, in each case whether direct or indirect, absolute or
contingent, matured or unmatured, at any time held or owing by the Lender or any
Affiliate thereof to or for the credit or the account of the Borrowers. The
Lender agrees promptly to notify the Borrowers after any such set-off and
application made by the Lender; PROVIDED that the failure to give such notice
shall not affect the validity of such set-off and application.
11.17 INTENT. The parties recognize that each Loan is a "securities
contract" as that term is defined in Section 741 of Title 11 of the United
States Code, as amended.
11.18 JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITY. Each Borrower hereby acknowledges and
agrees that such Borrower shall be jointly and severally liable for all
representations, warranties, covenants, obligations and indemnities of the
Borrowers hereunder.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
-38-
<PAGE> 45
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Loan Agreement to
be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first above written.
BORROWER
--------
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS,
INC.
By________________________________
Title:
ADDRESS FOR NOTICES:
90 West Street
Suite 1508
New York, New York 10006
Attention: Joyce Mizerak
Telecopier No.: 212-732-4728
Telephone No.: 212-732-5086
BORROWER
--------
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD
By________________________________
Title:
ADDRESS FOR NOTICES:
90 West Street
Suite 1508
New York, New York 10006
Attention: Joyce Mizerak
Telecopier No.: 212-732-4728
Telephone No.: 212-732-5086
-39-
<PAGE> 46
LENDER
------
MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE
CAPITAL INC.
By________________________________
Title:
ADDRESS FOR NOTICES:
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
Attention: Mr. Marc Flamino
Telecopier No.: 212-761-0093
Telephone No.: 212-761-2418
-40-
<PAGE> 47
SCHEDULE 1
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES RE: MORTGAGE LOANS
Part I. ELIGIBLE MORTGAGE LOANS
As to each Mortgage Loan included in the Borrowing Base on a Funding Date
(and the related Mortgage, Mortgage Note, Assignment of Mortgage and Mortgaged
Property), the applicable Borrower shall be deemed to make the following
representations and warranties to the Lender as of such date and as of each date
Collateral Value is determined (certain defined terms used herein and not
otherwise defined in the Loan Agreement appearing in Part II to this Schedule
1):
(a) MORTGAGE LOANS AS DESCRIBED. The information set forth in the Mortgage
Loan Schedule with respect to the Mortgage Loan is complete, true and correct in
all material respects.
(b) PAYMENTS CURRENT. Except with respect to 30 Day Delinquent Mortgage
Loans and 60 Day Delinquent Mortgage Loans, all payments required to be made up
to the Funding Date for the Mortgage Loan under the terms of the Mortgage Note
have been made and credited. No payment required under the Mortgage Loan is
delinquent in excess of 89 days. The first Monthly Payment shall be made, or
shall have been made, with respect to the Mortgage Loan on its Due Date or
within the grace period, all in accordance with the terms of the related
Mortgage Note.
(c) NO OUTSTANDING CHARGES. There are no defaults in complying with the
terms of the Mortgage securing the Mortgage Loan, and all taxes, governmental
assessments, insurance premiums, water, sewer and municipal charges, leasehold
payments or ground rents which previously became due and owing have been paid,
or an escrow of funds has been established in an amount sufficient to pay for
every such item which remains unpaid and which has been assessed but is not yet
due and payable. Neither the Borrower nor the Qualified Originator from which
the Borrower acquired the Mortgage Loan has advanced funds, or induced,
solicited or knowingly received any advance of funds by a party other than the
Mortgagor, directly or indirectly, for the payment of any amount required under
the Mortgage Loan, except for interest accruing from the date of the Mortgage
Note or date of disbursement of the proceeds of the Mortgage Loan, whichever is
earlier, to the day which precedes by one month the Due Date of the first
installment of principal and interest thereunder.
(d) ORIGINAL TERMS UNMODIFIED. The terms of the Mortgage Note and Mortgage
have not been impaired, waived, altered or modified in any respect, from the
date of origination; except by a written instrument which has been recorded, if
necessary to protect the interests of the Lender, and which has been delivered
to the Custodian and the terms of which are reflected in the Mortgage Loan
Schedule. The substance of any such waiver, alteration or modification has been
approved by the title insurer, to the extent required, and its terms are
reflected on the Mortgage Loan Schedule. No Mortgagor in respect of the Mortgage
Loan has been released, in whole or in part, except in connection with an
assumption agreement approved by the title insurer, to the extent required by
such policy, and which assumption agreement is part of the Mortgage File
delivered to the Custodian and the terms of which are reflected in the Mortgage
Loan Schedule.
Schedule 1-1
<PAGE> 48
(e) NO DEFENSES. The Mortgage Loan is not subject to any right of
rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense, including without limitation the
defense of usury, nor will the operation of any of the terms of the Mortgage
Note or the Mortgage, or the exercise of any right thereunder, render either the
Mortgage Note or the Mortgage unenforceable, in whole or in part and no such
right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense has been asserted with
respect thereto, and no Mortgagor in respect of the Mortgage Loan was a debtor
in any state or Federal bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding at the time the
Mortgage Loan was originated. The Borrower has no knowledge nor has it received
any notice that any Mortgagor in respect of the Mortgage Loan is a debtor in any
state or federal bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.
(f) HAZARD INSURANCE. The Mortgaged Property is insured by a fire and
extended perils insurance policy, issued by a Qualified Insurer, and such other
hazards as are customary in the area where the Mortgaged Property is located,
and to the extent required by the Borrower as of the date of origination
consistent with the Underwriting Guidelines, against earthquake and other risks
insured against by Persons operating like properties in the locality of the
Mortgaged Property, in an amount not less than the greatest of (i) 100% of the
replacement cost of all improvements to the Mortgaged Property, (ii) either (A)
the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan with respect to each
First Lien Mortgage Loan (as identified on the Mortgage Loan Tape) or (B) with
respect to each Second Lien Mortgage Loan (as identified on the Mortgage Loan
Tape), the sum of the outstanding principal balance of the First Lien Mortgage
Loan and the outstanding principal balance of the Second Lien Mortgage Loan, or
(iii) the amount necessary to avoid the operation of any co-insurance provisions
with respect to the Mortgaged Property, and consistent with the amount that
would have been required as of the date of origination in accordance with the
Underwriting Guidelines. If any portion of the Mortgaged Property is in an area
identified by any federal Governmental Authority as having special flood
hazards, and flood insurance is available, a flood insurance policy meeting the
current guidelines of the Federal Emergency Management Agency is in effect with
a generally acceptable insurance carrier, in an amount representing coverage not
less than the least of (1) the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage
Loan, (2) the full insurable value of the Mortgaged Property, and (3) the
maximum amount of insurance available under the National Flood Insurance Act of
1968, as amended by the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1974. All such
insurance policies (collectively, the "hazard insurance policy") contain a
standard mortgagee clause naming the Borrower, its successors and assigns
(including without limitation, subsequent owners of the Mortgage Loan), as
mortgagee, and may not be reduced, terminated or canceled without 30 days' prior
written notice to the mortgagee. No such notice has been received by the
Borrower. All premiums on such insurance policy have been paid. The related
Mortgage obligates the Mortgagor to maintain all such insurance and, at such
Mortgagor's failure to do so, authorizes the mortgagee to maintain such
insurance at the Mortgagor's cost and expense and to seek reimbursement therefor
from such Mortgagor. Where required by state law or regulation, the Mortgagor
has been given an opportunity to choose the carrier of the required hazard
insurance, provided the policy is not a "master" or "blanket" hazard insurance
policy covering a condominium, or any hazard insurance policy covering the
common facilities of a planned unit development. The hazard insurance policy is
the valid and binding obligation of the insurer and is in full force and effect.
The Borrower has not engaged in, and has no knowledge of the Mortgagor's having
engaged in, any act or omission which would impair the coverage of any such
policy, the benefits of the endorsement provided for herein, or the validity and
binding effect of either including, without limitation, no unlawful fee,
commission, kickback or other unlawful compensation or value of any kind has
been or will be received, retained or realized by any attorney, firm or other
Person, and no such unlawful items have been received, retained or realized by
the Borrower.
Schedule 1-2
<PAGE> 49
(g) COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. Any and all requirements of any
federal, state or local law including, without limitation, usury,
truth-in-lending, real estate settlement procedures, consumer credit protection,
equal credit opportunity or disclosure laws applicable to the Mortgage Loan have
been complied with, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
will not involve the violation of any such laws or regulations, and the Borrower
shall maintain or shall cause its agent to maintain in its possession, available
for the inspection of the Lender, and shall deliver to the Lender, upon demand,
evidence of compliance with all such requirements.
(h) NO SATISFACTION OF MORTGAGE. The Mortgage has not been satisfied,
canceled, subordinated or rescinded, in whole or in part, and the Mortgaged
Property has not been released from the lien of the Mortgage, in whole or in
part, nor has any instrument been executed that would effect any such release,
cancellation, subordination or rescission. The Borrower has not waived the
performance by the Mortgagor of any action, if the Mortgagor's failure to
perform such action would cause the Mortgage Loan to be in default, nor has the
Borrower waived any default resulting from any action or inaction by the
Mortgagor.
(i) LOCATION AND TYPE OF MORTGAGED PROPERTY. The Mortgaged Property is
located in an Acceptable State as identified in the Mortgage Loan Schedule and
consists of a single parcel of real property with a detached single family
residence erected thereon, or a two- to four-family dwelling, or an individual
condominium unit in a low-rise condominium project, or an individual unit in a
planned unit development or a de minimis planned unit development, provided,
however, that any condominium unit or planned unit development shall conform
with the applicable FNMA and FHLMC requirements regarding such dwellings and
that no residence or dwelling is a mobile home or a manufactured dwelling. No
portion of the Mortgaged Property is used for commercial purposes.
(j) VALID LIEN. The Mortgage is a valid, subsisting, enforceable and
perfected (A) first lien and first priority security interest with respect to
each Mortgage Loan which is indicated by such Borrower to be a First Lien
Mortgage Loan (as reflected on the Mortgage Loan Tape), or (B) second lien and
second priority security interest with respect to each Mortgage Loan which is
indicated by such Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage Loan (as reflected on
the Mortgage Loan Tape), in either case, on the real property included in the
Mortgaged Property, including all buildings on the Mortgaged Property and all
installations and mechanical, electrical, plumbing, heating and air conditioning
systems located in or annexed to such buildings, and all additions, alterations
and replacements made at any time with respect to the foregoing. The lien of the
Mortgage is subject only to:
(1) the lien of current real property taxes and assessments not yet
due and payable;
(2) covenants, conditions and restrictions, rights of way, easements
and other matters of the public record as of the date of recording
acceptable to prudent mortgage lending institutions generally and
specifically referred to in the lender's title insurance policy delivered
to the originator of the Mortgage Loan and (a) referred to or otherwise
considered in the appraisal made for the originator of the Mortgage Loan or
(b) which do not adversely affect the Appraised Value of the Mortgaged
Property set forth in such appraisal;
(3) other matters to which like properties are commonly subject which
do not materially interfere with the benefits of the security intended to
be provided by the Mortgage or the use, enjoyment, value or marketability
of the related Mortgaged Property; and
Schedule 1-3
<PAGE> 50
(4) with respect to each Mortgage Loan which is indicated by such
Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage Loan (as reflected on the Mortgage
Loan Tape) a prior first mortgage lien on the Mortgaged Property.
Any security agreement, chattel mortgage or equivalent document related to and
delivered in connection with the Mortgage Loan establishes and creates a valid,
subsisting and enforceable (A) first lien and first priority security interest
with respect to each Mortgage Loan which is indicated by such Borrower to be a
First Lien Mortgage Loan (as reflected on the Mortgage Loan Tape), or (B) second
lien and second priority security interest with respect to each Mortgage Loan
which is indicated by such Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage Loan (as
reflected on the Mortgage Loan Tape), in either case, on the property described
therein and the Borrower has full right to pledge and assign the same to the
Lender. The Mortgaged Property was not, as of the date of origination of the
Mortgage Loan, subject to a mortgage, deed of trust, deed to secure debt or
other security instrument creating a lien subordinate to the lien of the
Mortgage.
(k) VALIDITY OF MORTGAGE DOCUMENTS. The Mortgage Note and the Mortgage and
any other agreement executed and delivered by a Mortgagor or guarantor, if
applicable, in connection with a Mortgage Loan are genuine, and each is the
legal, valid and binding obligation of the maker thereof enforceable in
accordance with its terms. All parties to the Mortgage Note, the Mortgage and
any other such related agreement had legal capacity to enter into the Mortgage
Loan and to execute and deliver the Mortgage Note, the Mortgage and any such
agreement, and the Mortgage Note, the Mortgage and any other such related
agreement have been duly and properly executed by such related parties. No
fraud, error, omission, misrepresentation, negligence or similar occurrence with
respect to a Mortgage Loan has taken place on the part of any Person, including,
without limitation, the Mortgagor, any appraiser, any builder or developer, or
any other party involved in the origination of the Mortgage Loan. The Borrower
has reviewed all of the documents constituting the Servicing File and has made
such inquiries as it deems necessary to make and confirm the accuracy of the
representations set forth herein.
(l) FULL DISBURSEMENT OF PROCEEDS. The Mortgage Loan has been closed and
the proceeds of the Mortgage Loan have been fully disbursed and there is no
further requirement for future advances thereunder, and any and all requirements
as to completion of any on-site or off-site improvement and as to disbursements
of any escrow funds therefor have been complied with. All costs, fees and
expenses incurred in making or closing the Mortgage Loan and the recording of
the Mortgage were paid, and the Mortgagor is not entitled to any refund of any
amounts paid or due under the Mortgage Note or Mortgage.
(m) OWNERSHIP. The Borrower is the sole owner and holder of the Mortgage
Loan. The Mortgage Loan is not assigned or pledged, and the Borrower has good,
indefeasible and marketable title thereto, and has full right to transfer,
pledge and assign the Mortgage Loan to the Lender free and clear of any
encumbrance, equity, participation interest, lien, pledge, charge, claim or
security interest, and has full right and authority subject to no interest or
participation of, or agreement with, any other party, to assign, transfer and
pledge each Mortgage Loan pursuant to this Loan Agreement and following the
pledge of each Mortgage Loan, the Lender will hold such Mortgage Loan free and
clear of any encumbrance, equity, participation interest, lien, pledge, charge,
claim or security interest except any such security interest created pursuant to
the terms of this Loan Agreement.
(n) DOING BUSINESS. All parties which have had any interest in the Mortgage
Loan, whether as mortgagee, assignee, pledgee or otherwise, are (or, during the
period in which they held
Schedule 1-4
<PAGE> 51
and disposed of such interest, were) (i) in compliance with any and all
applicable licensing requirements of the laws of the state wherein the Mortgaged
Property is located, and (ii) either (A) organized under the laws of such state,
(B) qualified to do business in such state, (C) a federal savings and loan
association, a savings bank or a national bank having a principal office in such
state, or (D) not doing business in such state.
(o) LTV. No First Lien Mortgage Loan has an LTV greater than 100%. No
Second Lien Mortgage Loan has a Combined LTV greater than 100%.
(p) TITLE INSURANCE. The Mortgage Loan is covered by either (i) an
attorney's opinion of title and abstract of title, the form and substance of
which is acceptable to prudent mortgage lending institutions making mortgage
loans in the area wherein the Mortgaged Property is located or (ii) an ALTA
lender's title insurance policy or other generally acceptable form of policy or
insurance acceptable to FNMA or FHLMC and each such title insurance policy is
issued by a title insurer acceptable to FNMA or FHLMC and qualified to do
business in the jurisdiction where the Mortgaged Property is located, insuring
the Borrower, its successors and assigns, as to the first priority lien of the
Mortgage in the original principal amount of the Mortgage Loan (or to the extent
a Mortgage Note provides for negative amortization, the maximum amount of
negative amortization in accordance with the Mortgage), subject only to the
exceptions contained in clauses (1), (2) and (3) , and with respect to each
Mortgage Loan which is indicated by the Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage
Loan (as reflected on the Mortgage Loan Schedule) clause (4) of paragraph (j) of
this Part I of Schedule 1, and in the case of adjustable rate Mortgage Loans,
against any loss by reason of the invalidity or unenforceability of the lien
resulting from the provisions of the Mortgage providing for adjustment to the
Mortgage Interest Rate and Monthly Payment. Where required by state law or
regulation, the Mortgagor has been given the opportunity to choose the carrier
of the required mortgage title insurance. Additionally, such lender's title
insurance policy affirmatively insures ingress and egress and against
encroachments by or upon the Mortgaged Property or any interest therein. The
title policy does not contain any special exceptions (other than the standard
exclusions) for zoning and uses and has been marked to delete the standard
survey exception or to replace the standard survey exception with a specific
survey reading. The Borrower, its successors and assigns, are the sole insureds
of such lender's title insurance policy, and such lender's title insurance
policy is valid and remains in full force and effect and will be in force and
effect upon the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Loan
Agreement. No claims have been made under such lender's title insurance policy,
and no prior holder or servicer of the related Mortgage, including the Borrower,
has done, by act or omission, anything which would impair the coverage of such
lender's title insurance policy, including, without limitation, no unlawful fee,
commission, kickback or other unlawful compensation or value of any kind has
been or will be received, retained or realized by any attorney, firm or other
Person, and no such unlawful items have been received, retained or realized by
the Borrower.
(q) NO DEFAULTS. There is no default, breach, violation or event of
acceleration existing under the Mortgage or the Mortgage Note and no event has
occurred which, with the passage of time or with notice and the expiration of
any grace or cure period, would constitute a default, breach, violation or event
of acceleration, and neither the Borrower nor its predecessors have waived any
default, breach, violation or event of acceleration. With respect to each
Mortgage Loan which is indicated by such Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage
Loan (as reflected on the Mortgage Loan Schedule) to the best of Borrower's
knowledge (i) the prior mortgage is in full force and effect, (ii) there is no
default, breach, violation or event of acceleration
Schedule 1-5
<PAGE> 52
existing under such prior mortgage or the related mortgage note, (iii) no event
which, with the passage of time or with notice and the expiration of any grace
or cure period, would constitute a default, breach, violation or event of
acceleration thereunder, and either (A) the prior mortgage contains a provision
which allows or (B) applicable law requires, the mortgagee under the Second Lien
Mortgage Loan to receive notice of, and affords such mortgagee an opportunity to
cure any default by payment in full or otherwise under the prior mortgage.
(r) NO MECHANICS' LIENS. There are no mechanics' or similar liens or claims
which have been filed for work, labor or material (and no rights are outstanding
that under the law could give rise to such liens) affecting the Mortgaged
Property which are or may be liens prior to, or equal or coordinate with, the
lien of the Mortgage.
(s) LOCATION OF IMPROVEMENTS; NO ENCROACHMENTS. All improvements which were
considered in determining the Appraised Value of the Mortgaged Property lie
wholly within the boundaries and building restriction lines of the Mortgaged
Property, and no improvements on adjoining properties encroach upon the
Mortgaged Property. No improvement located on or being part of the Mortgaged
Property is in violation of any applicable zoning and building law, ordinance or
regulation.
(t) ORIGINATION; PAYMENT TERMS. The Mortgage Loan was originated by or in
conjunction with a mortgagee approved by the Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development pursuant to Sections 203 and 211 of the National Housing Act, a
savings and loan association, a savings bank, a commercial bank, credit union,
insurance company or similar banking institution which is supervised and
examined by a federal or state authority. Principal payments on the Mortgage
Loan commenced no more than 60 days after funds were disbursed in connection
with the Mortgage Loan. The Mortgage Interest Rate is adjusted, with respect to
adjustable rate Mortgage Loans, on each Interest Rate Adjustment Date to equal
the Index plus the Gross Margin (rounded up or down to the nearest .125%),
subject to the Mortgage Interest Rate Cap. The Mortgage Note is payable on the
first day of each month in equal monthly installments of principal and interest,
which installments of interest, with respect to adjustable rate Mortgage Loans,
are subject to change due to the adjustments to the Mortgage Interest Rate on
each Interest Rate Adjustment Date, with interest calculated and payable in
arrears, sufficient to amortize the Mortgage Loan fully by the stated maturity
date, over an original term of not more than 30 years from commencement of
amortization; provided, however, in the case of a balloon Mortgage Loan, the
Mortgage Loan matures at least five years after the first payment date thereby
requiring a final payment of the outstanding principal prior to full
amortization of the Mortgage Loan. The due date of the first payment under the
Mortgage Note is no more than 60 days from the date of the Mortgage Note.
(u) CUSTOMARY PROVISIONS. The Mortgage Note has a stated maturity. The
Mortgage contains customary and enforceable provisions such as to render the
rights and remedies of the holder thereof adequate for the realization against
the Mortgaged Property of the benefits of the security provided thereby,
including, (i) in the case of a Mortgage designated as a deed of trust, by
trustee's sale, and (ii) otherwise by judicial foreclosure. Upon default by a
Mortgagor on a Mortgage Loan and foreclosure on, or trustee's sale of, the
Mortgaged Property pursuant to the proper procedures, the holder of the Mortgage
Loan will be able to deliver good and merchantable title to the Mortgaged
Property. There is no homestead or other exemption available to a Mortgagor
which would interfere with the right to sell the Mortgaged Property at a
trustee's sale or the right to foreclose the Mortgage.
(v) CONFORMANCE WITH UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES AND AGENCY STANDARDS. The
Mortgage Loan was underwritten in accordance with the Underwriting Guidelines.
The Mortgage Note and Mortgage are on forms similar to those used by FHLMC or
FNMA and the Borrower has not made any representations to a Mortgagor that are
inconsistent with the mortgage instruments used.
Schedule 1-6
<PAGE> 53
(w) OCCUPANCY OF THE MORTGAGED PROPERTY. As of the Funding Date the
Mortgaged Property is lawfully occupied under applicable law. All inspections,
licenses and certificates required to be made or issued with respect to all
occupied portions of the Mortgaged Property and, with respect to the use and
occupancy of the same, including but not limited to certificates of occupancy
and fire underwriting certificates, have been made or obtained from the
appropriate authorities. The Borrower has not received notification from any
Governmental Authority that the Mortgaged Property is in material non-compliance
with such laws or regulations, is being used, operated or occupied unlawfully or
has failed to have or obtain such inspection, licenses or certificates, as the
case may be. The Borrower has not received notice of any violation or failure to
conform with any such law, ordinance, regulation, standard, license or
certificate.
(x) NO ADDITIONAL COLLATERAL. The Mortgage Note is not and has not been
secured by any collateral except the lien of the corresponding Mortgage and the
security interest of any applicable security agreement or chattel mortgage
referred to in clause (j) above.
(y) DEEDS OF TRUST. In the event the Mortgage constitutes a deed of trust,
a trustee, authorized and duly qualified under applicable law to serve as such,
has been properly designated and currently so serves and is named in the
Mortgage, and no fees or expenses are or will become payable by the Custodian or
the Lender to the trustee under the deed of trust, except in connection with a
trustee's sale after default by the Mortgagor.
(z) DELIVERY OF MORTGAGE DOCUMENTS. The Mortgage Note, the Mortgage, the
Assignment of Mortgage and any other documents required to be delivered under
the Custodial Agreement for each Mortgage Loan have been delivered to the
Custodian. The Borrower or its agent is in possession of a complete, true and
accurate Mortgage File in compliance with the Custodial Agreement, except for
such documents the originals of which have been delivered to the Custodian.
(aa) TRANSFER OF MORTGAGE LOANS. The Assignment of Mortgage is in
recordable form and is acceptable for recording under the laws of the
jurisdiction in which the Mortgaged Property is located.
(bb) DUE-ON-SALE. The Mortgage contains an enforceable provision for the
acceleration of the payment of the unpaid principal balance of the Mortgage Loan
in the event that the Mortgaged Property is sold or transferred without the
prior written consent of the mortgagee thereunder.
(cc) NO BUYDOWN PROVISIONS; NO GRADUATED PAYMENTS OR CONTINGENT INTERESTS.
The Mortgage Loan does not contain provisions pursuant to which Monthly Payments
are paid or partially paid with funds deposited in any separate account
established by the Borrower, the Mortgagor, or anyone on behalf of the
Mortgagor, or paid by any source other than the Mortgagor nor does it contain
any other similar provisions which may constitute a "buydown" provision. The
Mortgage Loan is not a graduated payment mortgage loan and the Mortgage Loan
does not have a shared appreciation or other contingent interest feature.
(dd) CONSOLIDATION OF FUTURE ADVANCES. Any future advances made to the
Mortgagor prior to the Funding Date have been consolidated with the outstanding
principal amount secured by the Mortgage, and the secured principal amount, as
consolidated, bears a single interest rate and single repayment term. The lien
of the Mortgage securing the consolidated principal amount is expressly insured
as having (A) first lien priority with respect to each Mortgage Loan which is
Schedule 1-7
<PAGE> 54
indicated by such Borrower to be a First Lien Mortgage Loan (as reflected on the
Mortgage Loan Schedule), or (B) second lien priority with respect to each
Mortgage Loan which is indicated by such Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage
Loan (as reflected on the Mortgage Loan Schedule), in either case, by a title
insurance policy, an endorsement to the policy insuring the mortgagee's
consolidated interest or by other title evidence acceptable to FNMA and FHLMC.
The consolidated principal amount does not exceed the original principal amount
of the Mortgage Loan.
(ee) MORTGAGED PROPERTY UNDAMAGED. The Mortgaged Property is undamaged by
waste, fire, earthquake or earth movement, windstorm, flood, tornado or other
casualty so as to affect adversely the value of the Mortgaged Property as
security for the Mortgage Loan or the use for which the premises were intended
and each Mortgaged Property is in good repair. There have not been any
condemnation proceedings with respect to the Mortgaged Property and the Borrower
has no knowledge of any such proceedings.
(ff) COLLECTION PRACTICES; ESCROW DEPOSITS; INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENTS. The
origination and collection practices used by the originator, each servicer of
the Mortgage Loan and the Borrower with respect to the Mortgage Loan have been
in all respects in compliance with Accepted Servicing Practices, applicable laws
and regulations, and have been in all respects legal and proper. With respect to
escrow deposits and Escrow Payments (other than with respect to each Mortgage
Loan which is indicated by such Borrower to be a Second Lien Mortgage Loan and
for which the mortgagee under the prior mortgage lien is collecting Escrow
Payments (as reflected on the Mortgage Loan Schedule)), all such payments are in
the possession of, or under the control of, the Borrower or the Servicer and
there exist no deficiencies in connection therewith for which customary
arrangements for repayment thereof have not been made. All Escrow Payments have
been collected in full compliance with state and federal law. An escrow of funds
is not prohibited by applicable law and has been established in an amount
sufficient to pay for every item that remains unpaid and has been assessed but
is not yet due and payable. No escrow deposits or Escrow Payments or other
charges or payments due the Borrower have been capitalized under the Mortgage or
the Mortgage Note. All Mortgage Interest Rate adjustments have been made in
strict compliance with state and federal law and the terms of the related
Mortgage Note. Any interest required to be paid pursuant to state, federal and
local law has been properly paid and credited.
(gg) OTHER INSURANCE POLICIES. No action, inaction or event has occurred
and no state of facts exists or has existed that has resulted or will result in
the exclusion from, denial of, or defense to coverage under any applicable
special hazard insurance policy, PMI Policy or bankruptcy bond, irrespective of
the cause of such failure of coverage. In connection with the placement of any
such insurance, no commission, fee, or other compensation has been or will be
received by the Borrower or by any officer, director, or employee of the
Borrower or any designee of the Borrower or any corporation in which the
Borrower or any officer, director, or employee had a financial interest at the
time of placement of such insurance.
(hh) SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' CIVIL RELIEF ACT. The Mortgagor has not
notified the Borrower, and the Borrower has no knowledge, of any relief
requested or allowed to the Mortgagor under the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil
Relief Act of 1940.
(ii) APPRAISAL. The Mortgage File contains an appraisal of the related
Mortgaged Property signed prior to the approval of the Mortgage Loan application
by a qualified appraiser, duly appointed by the Borrower, who had no interest,
direct or indirect in the Mortgaged Property or in any loan made on the security
thereof, and whose compensation is not affected by the approval or
Schedule 1-8
<PAGE> 55
disapproval of the Mortgage Loan, and the appraisal and appraiser both satisfy
the requirements of FNMA or FHLMC and Title XI of the Federal Institutions
Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 as amended and the regulations
promulgated thereunder, all as in effect on the date the Mortgage Loan was
originated.
(jj) DISCLOSURE MATERIALS. The Mortgagor has executed a statement to the
effect that the Mortgagor has received all disclosure materials required by
applicable law with respect to the making of adjustable rate mortgage loans, and
the Borrower maintains such statement in the Mortgage File.
(kk) CONSTRUCTION OR REHABILITATION OF MORTGAGED PROPERTY. No Mortgage Loan
was made in connection with the construction or rehabilitation of a Mortgaged
Property or facilitating the trade-in or exchange of a Mortgaged Property.
(ll) NO DEFENSE TO INSURANCE COVERAGE. No action has been taken or failed
to be taken, no event has occurred and no state of facts exists or has existed
on or prior to the Funding Date (whether or not known to the Borrower on or
prior to such date) which has resulted or will result in an exclusion from,
denial of, or defense to coverage under any private mortgage insurance
(including, without limitation, any exclusions, denials or defenses which would
limit or reduce the availability of the timely payment of the full amount of the
loss otherwise due thereunder to the insured) whether arising out of actions,
representations, errors, omissions, negligence, or fraud of the Borrower, the
related Mortgagor or any party involved in the application for such coverage,
including the appraisal, plans and specifications and other exhibits or
documents submitted therewith to the insurer under such insurance policy, or for
any other reason under such coverage, but not including the failure of such
insurer to pay by reason of such insurer's breach of such insurance policy or
such insurer's financial inability to pay.
(mm) CAPITALIZATION OF INTEREST. The Mortgage Note does not by its terms
provide for the capitalization or forbearance of interest.
(nn) NO EQUITY PARTICIPATION. No document relating to the Mortgage Loan
provides for any contingent or additional interest in the form of participation
in the cash flow of the Mortgaged Property or a sharing in the appreciation of
the value of the Mortgaged Property. The indebtedness evidenced by the Mortgage
Note is not convertible to an ownership interest in the Mortgaged Property or
the Mortgagor and the Borrower has not financed nor does it own directly or
indirectly, any equity of any form in the Mortgaged Property or the Mortgagor.
(oo) PROCEEDS OF MORTGAGE LOAN. The proceeds of the Mortgage Loan have not
been and shall not be used to satisfy, in whole or in part, any debt owed or
owing by the Mortgagor to the Borrower or any Affiliate or correspondent of the
Borrower.
(pp) WITHDRAWN MORTGAGE LOANS. If the Mortgage Loan has been released to
the Borrower pursuant to a Request for Release as permitted under Section 5 of
the Custodial Agreement, then the promissory note relating to the Mortgage Loan
was returned to the Custodian within 10 days (or if such tenth day was not a
Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day).
(qq) NO EXCEPTION. The Custodian has not noted any material exceptions on
an Exception Report (as defined in the Custodial Agreement) with respect to the
Mortgage Loan which
Schedule 1-9
<PAGE> 56
would materially adversely affect the Mortgage Loan or the Lender's security
interest, granted by the Borrower, in the Mortgage Loan.
(rr) QUALIFIED ORIGINATOR. The Mortgage Loan has been originated by, and,
if applicable, purchased by the Borrower from, a Qualified Originator.
(ss) MORTGAGE SUBMITTED FOR RECORDATION. The Mortgage either has been or
will promptly be submitted for recordation in the appropriate governmental
recording office of the jurisdiction where the Mortgaged Property is located.
Schedule 1-10
<PAGE> 57
Part II DEFINED TERMS
In addition to terms defined elsewhere in the Loan Agreement, the following
terms shall have the following meanings when used in this Schedule 1:
"ACCEPTABLE STATE" shall mean any state notified by the Borrower to the
Lender from time to time and approved in writing by the Lender, which approval
has not been revoked by the Lender in their sole discretion, any such notice of
revocation to be given no later than 10 Business Days prior to its intended
effective date.
"ACCEPTED SERVICING PRACTICES" shall mean, with respect to any Mortgage
Loan, those mortgage servicing practices of prudent mortgage lending
institutions which service mortgage loans of the same type as such Mortgage
Loans in the jurisdiction where the related Mortgaged Property is located.
"ALTA" means the American Land Title Association.
"APPRAISED VALUE" shall mean the value set forth in an appraisal made in
connection with the origination of the related Mortgage Loan as the value of the
Mortgaged Property.
"BEST'S" means Best's Key Rating Guide, as the same shall be amended from
time to time.
"COMBINED LTV" OR "CLTV" shall mean with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the
ratio of (a) the outstanding principal balance as of the related Cut-off Date of
(i) the Mortgage Loan plus (ii) the mortgage loan constituting the first lien to
(b) the Appraised Value of the Mortgaged Property.
"CUT-OFF DATE" means the first day of the month in which the related
Funding Date occurs.
"DUE DATE" means the day of the month on which the Monthly Payment is due
on a Mortgage Loan, exclusive of any days of grace.
"ESCROW PAYMENTS" means with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the amounts
constituting ground rents, taxes, assessments, water rates, sewer rents,
municipal charges, mortgage insurance premiums, fire and hazard insurance
premiums, condominium charges, and any other payments required to be escrowed by
the Mortgagor with the mortgagee pursuant to the Mortgage or any other document.
"FHLMC" means the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or any successor
thereto.
"FNMA" means the Federal National Mortgage Association, or any successor
thereto.
"GROSS MARGIN" means with respect to each adjustable rate Mortgage Loan,
the fixed percentage amount set forth in the related Mortgage Note.
"INDEX" means with respect to each adjustable rate Mortgage Loan, the index
set forth in the related Mortgage Note for the purpose of calculating the
interest rate thereon.
Schedule 1-11
<PAGE> 58
"INSURANCE PROCEEDS" means with respect to each Mortgage Loan, proceeds of
insurance policies insuring the Mortgage Loan or the related Mortgaged Property.
"INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT DATE" means with respect to each adjustable rate
Mortgage Loan, the date, specified in the related Mortgage Note and the Mortgage
Loan Schedule, on which the Mortgage Interest Rate is adjusted.
"LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO" or "LTV" means with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the
ratio of the original outstanding principal amount of the Mortgage Loan to the
lesser of (a) the Appraised Value of the Mortgaged Property at origination or
(b) if the Mortgaged Property was purchased within 12 months of the origination
of the Mortgage Loan, the purchase price of the Mortgaged Property.
"MONTHLY PAYMENT" means the scheduled monthly payment of principal and
interest on a Mortgage Loan as adjusted in accordance with changes in the
Mortgage Interest Rate pursuant to the provisions of the Mortgage Note for an
adjustable rate Mortgage Loan.
"MORTGAGE INTEREST RATE" means the annual rate of interest borne on a
Mortgage Note, which shall be adjusted from time to time with respect to
adjustable rate Mortgage Loans.
"MORTGAGE INTEREST RATE CAP" means with respect to an adjustable rate
Mortgage Loan, the limit on each Mortgage Interest Rate adjustment as set forth
in the related Mortgage Note.
"MORTGAGEE" means the Borrower or any subsequent holder of a Mortgage Loan.
"ORIGINATION DATE" shall mean, with respect to each Mortgage Loan, the date
of the Mortgage Note relating to such Mortgage Loan, unless such information is
not provided by the Borrower with respect to such Mortgage Loan, in which case
the Origination Date shall be deemed to be the date that is 40 days prior to the
date of the first payment under the Mortgage Note relating to such Mortgage
Loan.
"PMI POLICY" or "PRIMARY INSURANCE POLICY" means a policy of primary
mortgage guaranty insurance issued by a Qualified Insurer.
"QUALIFIED INSURER" means an insurance company duly qualified as such under
the laws of the states in which the Mortgaged Property is located, duly
authorized and licensed in such states to transact the applicable insurance
business and to write the insurance provided, and approved as an insurer by FNMA
and FHLMC and whose claims paying ability is rated in the two highest rating
categories by any of the rating agencies with respect to primary mortgage
insurance and in the two highest rating categories by Best's with respect to
hazard and flood insurance.
"QUALIFIED ORIGINATOR" means an originator of Mortgage Loans reasonably
acceptable to the Lender.
"SERVICING FILE" means with respect to each Mortgage Loan, the file
retained by the Borrower consisting of originals of all documents in the
Mortgage File which are not delivered to a Custodian and copies of the Mortgage
Loan Documents set forth in Section 2 of the Custodial Agreement.
Schedule 1-12
<PAGE> 59
SCHEDULE 2
FILING JURISDICTIONS AND OFFICES
Secretary of State of the State of Maryland
Secretary of State of the State of New Jersey
Secretary of State of the State of New York
Schedule 2-1
<PAGE> 60
EXHIBIT A
---------
[FORM OF AMENDED AND RESTATED PROMISSORY NOTE]
$150,000,000 December 8, 1997
as amended and restated as of January 8, 1999
New York, New York
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC., a Maryland
corporation, and HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD, a New York corporation (each a
"BORROWER", collectively the "BORROWERS"), hereby promise to pay to the order of
MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. (the "LENDER"), at the principal office of
the Lender at 1585 Broadway, New York, New York, 10036, in lawful money of the
United States, and in immediately available funds, the principal sum of ONE
HUNDRED FIFTY MILLION DOLLARS ($150,000,000) (or such lesser amount as shall
equal the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the Loans made by the Lender to
the Borrowers under the Loan Agreement), on the dates and in the principal
amounts provided in the Loan Agreement, and to pay interest on the unpaid
principal amount of each such Loan, at such office, in like money and funds, for
the period commencing on the date of such Loan until such Loan shall be paid in
full, at the rates per annum and on the dates provided in the Loan Agreement.
The date, amount and interest rate of each Loan made by the Lender to the
Borrowers, and each payment made on account of the principal thereof, shall be
recorded by the Lender on its books and, prior to any transfer of this Amended
and Restated Promissory Note, endorsed by the Lender on the schedule attached
hereto or any continuation thereof; PROVIDED, that the failure of the Lender to
make any such recordation or endorsement shall not affect the obligations of the
Borrowers to make a payment when due of any amount owing under the Loan
Agreement or hereunder in respect of the Loans made by the Lender.
This Amended and Restated Promissory Note is the Amended and Restated Note
referred to in the Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement dated
as of January___, 1999 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified and in
effect from time to time, the "LOAN AGREEMENT") between Hanover Capital Mortgage
Holdings, Inc., Hanover Capital Partners, LTD and the Lender, and evidences
Loans made by the Lender thereunder. Terms used but not defined in this Amended
and Restated Promissory Note have the respective meanings assigned to them in
the Loan Agreement.
The Borrowers agree to pay all the Lender's costs of collection and
enforcement (including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements of Lender's
counsel) in respect of this Amended and Restated Promissory Note when incurred,
including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees through appellate
proceedings.
Notwithstanding the pledge of the Collateral, the Borrowers hereby
acknowledge, admit and agree that the Borrowers' obligations under this Amended
and Restated Promissory Note are recourse obligations of the Borrowers to which
each Borrower pledges its full faith and credit. Each Borrower hereby
acknowledges and agrees that such Borrower shall be jointly and severally liable
hereunder.
A-1
<PAGE> 61
The Borrowers, and any endorsers or guarantors hereof, (a) severally waive
diligence, presentment, protest and demand and also notice of protest, demand,
dishonor and nonpayments of this Amended and Restated Promissory Note, (b)
expressly agree that this Amended and Restated Promissory Note, or any payment
hereunder, may be extended from time to time, and consent to the acceptance of
further Collateral, the release of any Collateral for this Amended and Restated
Promissory Note, the release of any party primarily or secondarily liable
hereon, and (c) expressly agree that it will not be necessary for the Lender, in
order to enforce payment of this Amended and Restated Promissory Note, to first
institute or exhaust the Lender's remedies against the Borrower or any other
party liable hereon or against any Collateral for this Amended and Restated
Promissory Note. No extension of time for the payment of this Amended and
Restated Promissory Note, or any installment hereof, made by agreement by the
Lender with any person now or hereafter liable for the payment of this Amended
and Restated Promissory Note, shall affect the liability under this Amended and
Restated Promissory Note of the Borrowers, even if the Borrower is not a party
to such agreement; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Lender and the Borrowers, by
written agreement between them, may affect the liability of the Borrowers.
Any reference herein to the Lender shall be deemed to include and apply to
every subsequent holder of this Amended and Restated Promissory Note. Reference
is made to the Loan Agreement for provisions concerning optional and mandatory
prepayments, Collateral, acceleration and other material terms affecting this
Amended and Restated Promissory Note.
This Amended and Restated Promissory Note amends and restates in its
entirety the Promissory Note dated December 8, 1997 (the "EXISTING PROMISSORY
NOTE") and is given as a continuation, rearrangement and extension, and not a
novation, release or satisfaction, of the Existing Promissory Note. The issuance
and delivery of this Amended and Restated Promissory Note is in substitution for
the Existing Promissory Note. The Borrowers hereby acknowledge and agree that
simultaneously with the Borrowers' execution and delivery of this Amended and
Restated Promissory Note to the Lender, the Lender has delivered to the
Borrowers the Existing Promissory Note.
A-2
<PAGE> 62
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED PROMISSORY NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND
CONSTRUED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO CHOICE
OF LAW DOCTRINE) WHOSE LAWS THE BORROWER EXPRESSLY ELECTS TO APPLY TO THIS
AMENDED AND RESTATED PROMISSORY NOTE. THE BORROWER AGREES THAT ANY ACTION OR
PROCEEDING BROUGHT TO ENFORCE OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED
PROMISSORY NOTE MAY BE COMMENCED IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK,
BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, OR IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK.
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
By: ___________________________________
Name:
Title:
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, :LTD
By: ___________________________________
Name:
Title:
A-3
<PAGE> 63
SCHEDULE OF LOANS
This Amended and Restated Promissory Note evidences Loans made under the
within-described Loan Agreement to the Borrowers, on the dates, in the principal
amounts and bearing interest at the rates set forth below, and subject to the
payments and prepayments of principal set forth below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF INTEREST AMOUNT PAID UNPAID PRINCIPAL NOTATION
DATE MADE LOAN RATE OR PREPAID AMOUNT MADE BY
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
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</TABLE>
A-4
<PAGE> 64
EXHIBIT B
---------
[FORM OF CUSTODIAL AGREEMENT]
B-1
<PAGE> 65
EXHIBIT C
---------
[FORM OF OPINION OF COUNSEL TO BORROWERS]
(date)
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc.
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
Dear Sirs and Mesdames:
You have requested [our] [my] opinion, as counsel to Hanover Capital
Mortgage Holdings, Inc., a Maryland corporation ("HCMH") and Hanover Capital
Partners, LTD, a New York corporation ("HCP" and, with HCMH, a "BORROWER",
collectively, the "BORROWERS"), with respect to certain matters in connection
with that certain Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement, dated
as of January 8, 1999 (the "LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT"), by and between the
Borrowers and Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc. (the "LENDER"), being
executed contemporaneously with an Amended and Restated Promissory Note dated
January 8, 1999 from the Borrowers to the Lender (the "NOTE"), and an Amended
and Restated Custodial Agreement, dated as of January 8, 1999 (the "CUSTODIAL
AGREEMENT"), by and among the Borrowers, First Chicago National Processing Corp.
(the "CUSTODIAN"), and the Lender. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined
herein have the meanings set forth in the Loan and Security Agreement.
[We] [I] have examined the following documents:
1. the Loan and Security Agreement;
2. the Note;
3. Custodial Agreement;
4. unfiled copies of the financing statements listed on SCHEDULE 1
(collectively, the "FINANCING STATEMENTS") naming the Borrowers as
Debtor and the Lender as Secured Party and describing the Collateral
(as defined in the Loan and Security Agreement) as to which security
interests may be perfected by filing under the Uniform Commercial Code
of the States listed on SCHEDULE 1 (the "FILING COLLATERAL"), which I
understand will be filed in the filing offices listed on SCHEDULE 1
(the "FILING OFFICES");
5. the reports listed on SCHEDULE 2 as to UCC financing statements
(collectively, the "UCC SEARCH REPORT"); and
6. such other documents, records and papers as we have deemed necessary
and relevant as a basis for this opinion.
C-1
<PAGE> 66
To the extent [we] [I] have deemed necessary and proper, [we] [I] have
relied upon the representations and warranties of the Borrowers contained in the
Loan and Security Agreement. [We] [I] have assumed the authenticity of all
documents submitted to me as originals, the genuineness of all signatures, the
legal capacity of natural persons and the conformity to the originals of all
documents.
Based upon the foregoing, it is [our] [my] opinion that:
1. HCMH is a Maryland corporation duly organized, validly existing and in
good standing under the laws of Maryland and is qualified to transact business
in, and is in good standing under, the laws of the state of Maryland. HCP is a
New York corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under
the laws of New York and is qualified to transact business in, and is in good
standing under, the laws of the state of New York.
2. Each of the Borrowers has the corporate power to engage in the
transactions contemplated by the Loan and Security Agreement, the Note, and the
Custodial Agreement and all requisite corporate power, authority and legal right
to execute and deliver the Loan and Security Agreement, the Note, and the
Custodial Agreement and observe the terms and conditions of such instruments.
Each of the Borrowers has all requisite corporate power to borrow under the Loan
and Security Agreement and to grant a security interest in the Collateral under
the Loan and Security Agreement.
3. The execution, delivery and performance by the Borrowers of the Loan and
Security Agreement, the Note, and the Custodial Agreement, and the borrowings by
the Borrowers and the pledge of the Collateral under the Loan and Security
Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the
part of the Borrowers. Each of the Loan and Security Agreement, the Note and the
Custodial Agreement have been executed and delivered by the Borrowers and are
legal, valid and binding agreements enforceable in accordance with their
respective terms against the Borrowers, subject to bankruptcy laws and other
similar laws of general application affecting rights of creditors and subject to
the application of the rules of equity, including those respecting the
availability of specific performance, none of which will materially interfere
with the realization of the benefits provided thereunder or with the Lender's
security interest in the Collateral.
4. No consent, approval, authorization or order of, and no filing or
registration with, any court or governmental agency or regulatory body is
required on the part of the Borrower for the execution, delivery or performance
by the Borrowers of the Loan and Security Agreement, the Note and the Custodial
Agreement or for the borrowings by the Borrowers under the Loan and Security
Agreement or the granting of a security interest to the Lender in the
Collateral, under the Loan and Security Agreement.
5. The execution, delivery and performance by the Borrowers of, and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by, the Loan and Security
Agreement, the Note and the Custodial Agreement do not and will not (a) violate
any provision of the Borrowers' charters or by-laws, (b) violate any applicable
law, rule or regulation, (c) violate any order, writ, injunction or decree of
any court or governmental authority or agency or any arbitral award applicable
to the Borrowers of which I have knowledge (after due inquiry) or (d) result in
a breach of, constitute a default under, require any consent under, or result in
the acceleration or required prepayment of any indebtedness pursuant to the
terms of, any agreement or instrument of which I have knowledge (after due
inquiry) to which the Borrowers are a party or by which they are bound or to
which it is subject, or (except for the Liens created pursuant to the Loan and
Security Agreement) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any
Property of the Borrowers pursuant to the terms of any such agreement or
instrument.
6. There is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the
best of [our] [my] knowledge, threatened against the Borrowers which, in [our]
[my] judgment, either in any one instance or in the aggregate, would be
reasonably likely to result in any material adverse change in
C-2
<PAGE> 67
the properties, business or financial condition, or prospects of the Borrowers
or in any material impairment of the right or ability of the Borrowers to carry
on its business substantially as now conducted or in any material liability on
the part of the Borrower or which would draw into question the validity of the
Loan and Security Agreement, the Note, the Custodial Agreement or the Mortgage
Loans or of any action taken or to be taken in connection with the transactions
contemplated thereby, or which would be reasonably likely to impair materially
the ability of the Borrowers to perform under the terms of the Loan and Security
Agreement, the Note, the Custodial Agreement or the Mortgage Loans.
7. The Loan and Security Agreement is effective to create, in favor of the
Lender, a valid security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code in all of
the right, title and interest of the Borrowers in, to and under the Collateral
as collateral security for the payment of the Secured Obligations (as defined in
the Loan and Security Agreement), except that (a) such security interests will
continue in Collateral after its sale, exchange or other disposition only to the
extent provided in Section 9-306 of the Uniform Commercial Code, and (b) the
security interests in Collateral in which the Borrowers acquires rights after
the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code in respect of the Borrowers
may be limited by Section 552 of the Bankruptcy Code.
8. When the Mortgage Notes are delivered to the Custodian, endorsed in
blank by a duly authorized officer of the applicable Borrower, the security
interest referred to in paragraph 7 above in the Mortgage Notes will constitute
a fully perfected first priority security interest in all right, title and
interest of the Borrowers therein, in the Mortgage Loan evidenced thereby and in
the Borrowers' interest in the related Mortgaged Property.
9. (a) Upon the filing of financing statements on Form UCC-1 naming the
Lender as "Secured Party" and the Borrowers as "Debtor", and describing the
Collateral, in the jurisdictions and recording offices listed on SCHEDULE 1
attached hereto, the security interests referred to in paragraph 7 above will
constitute fully perfected security interests under the Uniform Commercial Code
in all right, title and interest of the Borrowers in, to and under such
Collateral, which can be perfected by filing under the Uniform Commercial Code.
(b) The UCC Search Report sets forth the proper filing offices and the
proper debtors necessary to identify those Persons who have on file in the
jurisdictions listed on SCHEDULE 1 financing statements covering the Filing
Collateral as of the dates and times specified on SCHEDULE 2. Except for the
matters listed on SCHEDULE 2, the UCC Search Report identifies no Person who has
filed in any Filing Office a financing statement describing the Filing
Collateral prior to the effective dates of the UCC Search Report.
10. The Assignments of Mortgage are in recordable form, except for the
insertion of the name of the assignee, and upon the name of the assignee being
inserted, are acceptable for recording under the laws of the state where each
related Mortgaged Property is located.
Very truly yours,
C-3
<PAGE> 68
EXHIBIT D
---------
FORM OF REQUEST FOR BORROWING
Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of January 8,
1999 (the "LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT"), by and between the Borrowers and
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc. (the "LENDER"),
Lender: Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc.
Borrower: Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc.
Hanover Capital Partners, LTD
Requested Fund Date: _______________________________________
Transmission Date: _______________________________________
Transmission Time:
Number of Mortgage
Loans to be Pledged: _______________________________________
UPB: $______________________________________
Requested Wire Amount: $______________________________________
Wire Instructions:
Requested by:
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
By:____________________________________
Name:
Title:
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD
By:____________________________________
Name:
Title:
D-1
<PAGE> 69
EXHIBIT E-1
-----------
FORM OF BORROWER'S RELEASE LETTER
[Date]
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc.
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
Attention: ____________________
Facsimile: ____________________
Re: Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of
January 8, 1999 (the "LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT"), by and among
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. and Hanover Capital Partners,
LTD. (the "BORROWERS") and Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc. (the
"LENDER")
Ladies and Gentlemen:
With respect to the mortgage loans described in the attached SCHEDULE A
(the "MORTGAGE LOANS") (a) we hereby certify to you that the Mortgage Loans are
not subject to a lien of any third party and (b) we hereby release all right,
interest or claim of any kind with respect to such Mortgage Loans, such release
to be effective automatically without further action by any party upon payment
from Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc., of the amount of the Loan
contemplated under the Loan and Security Agreement (calculated in accordance
with the terms thereof) in accordance with the wiring instructions set forth in
the Loan and Security Agreement.
Very truly yours,
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
By: __________________________
Name: __________________________
Title: __________________________
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD
By: __________________________
Name: __________________________
Title: __________________________
E-1-1
<PAGE> 70
EXHIBIT E-2
-----------
FORM OF WAREHOUSE LENDER'S RELEASE LETTER
(Date)
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc.
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
Attention: ________________
Facsimile:________________
Re: Certain Mortgage Loans Identified on SCHEDULE A hereto and owned by
[Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc.][Hanover Capital Partners,
LTD]
The undersigned hereby releases all right, interest, lien or claim of any
kind with respect to the mortgage loan(s) described in the attached SCHEDULE A,
such release to be effective automatically without any further action by any
party upon payment in one or more installments, in immediately available funds
of $__________________, in accordance with the following wire instructions:
________________________
________________________
Very truly yours,
[WAREHOUSE LENDER]
By:________________________________
Name:______________________________
Title:_____________________________
E-2-1
<PAGE> 71
EXHIBIT F
---------
UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES
F-1
<PAGE> 72
EXHIBIT G
---------
FORM OF BLOCKED ACCOUNT AGREEMENT
January __, 1999
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Attn:__________________
Re: Collection Account Established by ______________ ("SERVICER") Pursuant
to that Certain Servicing Agreement (as amended, supplemented or
otherwise modified from time to time, the "SERVICING AGREEMENT"),
dated __________, 199__, between Servicer and Hanover Capital Mortgage
Holdings, Inc. ("BORROWER")
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We refer to the collection account established by the Servicer pursuant to
the Servicing Agreement, at _______________, ___________, _____, Account
No._____________, ABA# ____________ (the "BLOCKED ACCOUNT"), which Servicer
maintains in the Servicer's name in trust for Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital
Inc. (the "LENDER").
The Servicer will, from time to time, deposit funds received in accordance
with the Servicing Agreement into the Blocked Account. Lender has established a
secured loan arrangement with the Borrower. By its execution of this letter, the
Servicer acknowledges that the Borrower has granted a security interest in all
of the Borrower's right, title and interest in and to the Blocked Account and
any funds from time to time on deposit therein, that such funds are received by
the Servicer in trust for the benefit of Lender and, except as provided below,
are for application against the Borrower's liabilities to Lender.
By the Servicer's execution of this letter, it agrees: (a) that all funds
from time to time hereafter in the Blocked Account are the property of the
Borrower held in trust for the benefit of the Lender and that unless and until
the Servicer receives notice from the Lender that an event of default has
occurred and is continuing under the Lender's secured lending arrangement with
the Borrower (a "NOTICE OF EVENT OF DEFAULT"), the Servicer shall transfer funds
from the Blocked Account in accordance with the Borrower's instructions; (b)
that Servicer will not exercise any right of set-off, banker's lien or any
similar right in connection with such funds PROVIDED, that in the event any
check is returned to the Servicer because of insufficient funds (or is otherwise
unpaid) the Servicer shall be entitled to set off the amount of any such
returned check; (c) that until the Servicer receives written notification from
the Lender to the contrary, the Servicer will not withdraw (other than as
expressly set forth in the Servicing Agreement or herein) or permit any person
or entity to withdraw or transfer funds from the Blocked Account; and (d) that
if the Servicer receives a Notice of Event of Default from the Lender, the
Servicer shall not withdraw or permit the Borrower to withdraw or transfer funds
from
G-1
<PAGE> 73
the Blocked Account and shall cause or permit withdrawals from the Blocked
Account in any manner as the Lender may instruct.
All bank statements in respect to the Blocked Account shall be sent to the,
Borrower with copies to:
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc.
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
Attention: Mr. Marc Flamino
G-2
<PAGE> 74
Kindly acknowledge your agreement with the terms of this agreement by
signing the enclosed copy of this letter and returning it to the undersigned.
Very truly yours,
MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC.
By:_________________________________
Title:
Agreed and acknowledged:
____________________________________
By:____________________________________
Title:
G-3
<PAGE> 75
2
EXHIBIT H
---------
FORM OF SERVICER NOTICE
-----------------------
__________ __, 199__
[SERVICER], as Servicer
[ADDRESS]
Attention: ___________
Re: Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of
January ___, 1999 (the "LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT"), by and between
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. and Hanover Capital Partners,
LTD (the "BORROWERS") and Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc. (the
"LENDER").
Ladies and Gentlemen:
[SERVICER} (the "SERVICER") is servicing certain mortgage loans for the
Borrowers pursuant to certain Servicing Agreements between the Servicer and the
Borrowers. Pursuant to the Loan and Security Agreement between the Lender and
the Borrowers, the Servicer is hereby notified that the Borrowers have pledged
to the Lender certain mortgage loans which are serviced by Servicer which are
subject to a security interest in favor of the Lender.
Upon receipt of a Notice of Event of Default from the Lender in which the Lender
shall identify the mortgage loans which are then pledged to Lender under the
Loan Agreement (the "MORTGAGE LOANS"), the Servicer shall segregate all amounts
collected on account of such Mortgage Loans, hold them in trust for the sole and
exclusive benefit of the Lender, and remit such collections in accordance with
the Lender's written instructions. Following such Notice of Event of Default,
Servicer shall follow the instructions of Lender with respect to the Mortgage
Loans, and shall deliver to Lender any information with respect to the Mortgage
Loans reasonably requested by Lender.
Notwithstanding any contrary information which may be delivered to the Servicer
by the Borrowers, the Servicer may conclusively rely on any information or
Notice of Event of Default delivered by the Lender, and the Borrowers shall
indemnify and hold the Servicer harmless for any and all claims asserted against
it for any actions taken in good faith by the Servicer in connection with the
delivery of such information or Notice of Event of Default.
H-1
<PAGE> 76
Please acknowledge receipt of this instruction letter by signing in the
signature block below and forwarding an executed copy to the Lender promptly
upon receipt. Any notices to the Lender should be delivered to the following
address: 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036; Attention: Mr. Steven Rudner,
with a copy to Mr. Greg Walker; Telephone: (212) 761-2144; Facsimile: (212)
761-0747.
Very truly yours,
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE
HOLDINGS, INC.
By:________________________________
Name:
Title:
HANOVER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LTD
By:________________________________
Name:
Title:
ACKNOWLEDGED:
___________________________________, as Servicer
By:__________________________________________________
Name:
Title:
Telephone:
Facsimile:
H-2
<PAGE> 1
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc.
November 10, 1998
Residential Funding Corporation
8400 Normandale Lake Boulevard, Suite 600
Minneapolis, MN 55437
Attention: Mr. Rod McGinniss
Re: Purchase Price and Terms Letter
Ladies and Gentleman:
Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. (the "Seller") hereby confirms its
intent to sell and Residential Funding Corporation (the "Purchaser") hereby
confirms its intent to purchase, without recourse (except as expressly agreed by
the parties), certain residential 1-4 family mortgage loans as identified on
Exhibit A attached hereto (the "Mortgage Loans"), on a servicing retained basis
on the terms and conditions set forth below. The parties acknowledge and agree
that consummation of the transactions contemplated herein shall be subject to
further documentation in form and substance satisfactory to the parties hereto.
The sale of the Mortgage Loans shall be made pursuant to a purchase agreement
(the "Purchase Agreement") which sets forth further the terms and provisions
with respect to the sale and servicing of the Mortgage Loans. Ownership of the
Mortgage Loans shall be evidenced by delivery of the Mortgage Loans as whole
loans pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and Custody Agreement, each in form and
substance satisfactory to the parties hereto.
1. Term of this Commitment
The Mortgage Loans shall be purchased by the Purchaser and sold by the Seller on
such date as shall be mutually agreed upon by the parties, which date shall be
no later than November 10, 1998 (the "Closing Date").
2. Aggregate Amount of Mortgage Loans
The aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date (as defined
below) of the Mortgage Loans shall be approximately $98,057,542 with a final
reconciliation to be reflected on Exhibit 6 to the Purchase Agreement.
<PAGE> 2
3. Purchase Price
The purchase price (the "Purchase Price") for the Mortgage Loans shall be 97.5%
of the aggregate outstanding scheduled principal balance of the Mortgage Loans
as of November 1, 1998 (the "Cut-off Date") (after application of payments due
on the Mortgage Loans on or before the Cut-off Date, whether or not such
payments were actually made), plus no more than thirty days accrued interest at
the mortgage interest rate minus the applicable Servicing Fee Rate from the
Cut-off Date through the day prior to the Closing Date, inclusive. The Purchase
Price shall be paid to the Seller in immediately available federal funds by wire
transfer on the Closing Date.
4. Mandatory Repurchase
On or after the 90th day following the Closing Date (such 90th day, the
"Termination Date"), with at least one business day's prior written notice to
the Seller, the Purchaser shall have the right to require the Seller to
repurchase all of the Remaining Mortgage Loans at a price equal to 98% of the
aggregate outstanding scheduled principal balance of the Remaining Mortgage
Loans as of the date of repurchase plus accrued and unpaid interest from the
last scheduled due date up to but not including the date of repurchase (the
"Repurchase Price"). For purposes hereof, "Remaining Mortgage Loans" shall mean
the Mortgage Loans, as of any date of determination, not sold, paid in full or
otherwise liquidated by the Purchaser.
5. Optional Repurchase
On or prior to the Termination Date, with at least one business day's prior
written notice to the Purchaser, the Seller shall have the right at any time to
repurchase all of the Remaining Mortgage Loans from the Purchaser at the
Repurchase Price. In addition, on or prior to the Termination Date, with at
least one business day's prior written notice to the Purchaser, the Seller shall
have the right to repurchase a portion of the Remaining Mortgage Loans with an
aggregate outstanding principal balance of at least $10,000,000. Any such
partial repurchase of the Remaining Mortgage Loans shall be subject, however, to
the following conditions: (a) that the Mortgage Loans shall be repurchased by
the Seller only if the Seller has secured a commitment for the purchase of such
Mortgage Loans for a price equal to or in excess of the aggregate outstanding
principal balance of such Mortgage Loans, and (b) that the Seller shall cause
the buyer of such Mortgage Loans to deposit in the Reserve Fund (defined below)
an amount equal to the excess of the Resale Price (defined below) with respect
to such Mortgage Loans over the Repurchase Price. In the event however, that the
Seller sells any portion of the Mortgage Loans it has repurchased for the
purpose of resale to Household Bank f.s.b. ("Household") in accordance with the
terms of the Mortgage Loan Sale Agreement by and between Household and Hanover
Capital Partners, Ltd. ("Hanover Partners"), the Seller shall cause Household to
wire such resale amount to the Reserve Fund. Within one business day following
receipt of such funds into the Reserve Fund, the Purchaser shall remit to the
Seller from the Reserve Fund the positive difference, if any, between the Resale
Price and the aggregate outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loans.
<PAGE> 3
Any excess of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loans
over the Repurchase Price shall remain in the Reserve Fund.
6. Right of First Refusal
On or prior to the Termination Date, prior to entering any sale transaction with
any third party counterparty (the "Offering Party") for the purchase of any
portion of the Mortgage Loans at a price equal to, or greater than, the then
aggregate outstanding principal balance of such portion of the Mortgage Loans
(the "Offer Price"), the Purchaser shall, at the point in time at which the
Purchaser first receives a bona fide purchase offer, first offer the Seller the
right to purchase such Mortgage Loans at the Repurchase Price, in lieu of such
sale by the Purchaser to the applicable Offering Party. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, on or prior to the Termination Date, the Purchaser shall in no event
agree to sell, or accept an offer to sell, the Mortgage Loans to an Offering
Party at an Offer Price below the then aggregate outstanding principal balance
of any or all of the Mortgage Loans.
7. Reserve Fund; Profits and Losses; Resale Fee
Except as described in paragraph 5, if at any time while the Purchaser owns any
Remaining Mortgage Loans, the Seller sells any portion of the Mortgage Loans it
has repurchased pursuant to paragraphs 5 or 6 above for a price (the "Resale
Price") equal to an amount which exceeds the Repurchase Price, the Seller shall
cause the buyer of such Remaining Mortgage Loans to deposit the excess of the
Resale Price over the Repurchase Price into a segregated account in the name of
the Purchaser (the "Reserve Fund").
Following the Termination Date, in the event the Purchaser sells all Remaining
Mortgage Loans to one or more parties (other than an affiliate of the
Purchaser), the Purchaser shall determine its aggregate Sales Loss or Net
Profit, as applicable, as follows. In the event that the Purchaser has realized
a Sales Loss, then the Purchaser shall be entitled to receive from the Reserve
Fund (to the extent that funds are available therein) an amount up to such Sales
Loss (as defined below). For purposes hereof, the "Sales Loss" shall be an
amount equal to the excess, if any of (a) the Repurchase Price for all Remaining
Mortgage Loans over (b) the Resale Price for all Remaining Mortgage Loans
derived by the Purchaser from any resale of all of the Remaining Mortgage Loans
minus the Purchaser's reasonable out of pocket expenses incurred in connection
with the resale. In the event that the Purchaser has realized a Net Profit, then
the Purchaser shall be entitled to retain such Net Profit. For purposes hereof,
"Net Profit" shall mean the excess, if any, of (i) the Resale Price for all
Remaining Mortgage Loans minus the Purchaser's reasonable out of pocket expenses
incurred in connection with the resale over (ii) the Repurchase Price for all
Remaining Mortgage Loans. In the event that the Purchaser shall fail to resell
all Remaining Mortgage Loans within 180 days following the Termination Date,
then the Resale Price for such Remaining Mortgage Loans shall be deemed to be
the Repurchase Price therefor, and the Purchaser shall promptly calculate any
Sales Loss or Net Profit, as applicable in accordance with this paragraph.
<PAGE> 4
Notwithstanding and in addition to the foregoing, in the event that the Seller
fails to repurchase the Remaining Mortgage Loans on or prior to the Termination
Date, the Purchaser shall be entitled to receive from the Seller, within 2
business days following the Termination Date, a resale fee equal to $500,000
which shall constitute liquidated damages hereunder and which amount may be
netted by the Purchaser from the Reserve Fund to the extent not paid by the
Seller.
Subject to the preceding paragraphs herein, within two business days following
the consummation of the sale (or deemed sale) of all Remaining Mortgage Loans by
the Purchaser (including any resale back to the Seller as contemplated in
paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 above) the Seller shall be entitled to receipt of all
amounts then remaining in the Reserve Fund.
8. Servicing
The Seller shall service the Mortgage Loans on a "scheduled/scheduled" basis in
accordance with the Purchaser's Servicing Guide and shall cause any Subservicer
(as defined below) to remit all amounts received on account of the Mortgage
Loans directly to the Purchaser at an account designated by the Purchaser and
shall cause a remittance report to be delivered to the Seller. Within 5 business
days of receipt of any such remittance report, the Seller shall provide the
Purchaser with an accounting of the excess over 98% of any amounts received on
account of prepayments of principal, which amount shall be deposited into the
Reserve Fund by the Purchaser within 2 business days of receipt of such
accounting and instruction from the Seller. The Seller shall be entitled to
contract with Fleet Mortgage Corp., f/k/a Fleet Real Estate Funding Corp. for
the subservicing of the Mortgage Loans or any other subservicer expressly
approved by the Purchaser which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld
(each a "Subservicer").
The servicing fee with respect to the Mortgage Loans shall be paid by the
Purchaser on a monthly basis at a rate per annum equal to (a) 0.25% of the
aggregate outstanding principal balance of all Mortgage Loans which have a fixed
mortgage interest rate, and (b) 0.375% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of all Mortgage Loans which have an adjustable mortgage interest rate.
9. Warrants
On or prior to the 30th day following the Closing Date, the Seller shall issue
and deliver to the Purchaser warrants to purchase that number of shares of the
Seller's common stock equal to 4.7454% of the number of shares of the Seller's
common stock issued and outstanding on the date of the exercise of such warrants
on a fully diluted basis; provided that those warrants identified on Exhibit B
attached hereto shall be excluded from such calculation. Such warrants will be
exercisable at a price equal to the closing price of the Seller's shares of
common stock on the American Stock Exchange on the date hereof. The terms of
such warrants shall be set forth in a Warrant Agreement and related Registration
Rights Agreement between the Seller and the Purchaser and will include, but not
be limited to, (i) an exercise period running for five years from the date of
issuance
<PAGE> 5
during which the Purchaser may exercise the warrants in whole or in part, (ii)
registration rights with respect to the shares of the Seller's common stock to
be issued upon exercise of the warrants, with the costs and expenses of any
registration thereunder to be borne by the Seller and (iii) antidilution
provisions mutually agreeable to the parties.
10. Letter Agreement Terms
On or prior to the Termination Date, the Purchaser and the Seller shall enter
into a letter agreement which shall set forth the following agreements:
a) Securitization
The Seller, Hanover Capital Mortgage Corporation, or any of the Seller's
affiliates (each a "Hanover Entity"), shall retain and compensate Residential
Funding Securities Corporation (the "Broker") (such compensation to be mutually
agreed upon by applicable Hanover Entity and the Broker) as a co-lead
underwriter in connection with the consummation of the greater of (i) two
securitization transactions backed by residential mortgage loans (each a
"Securitization Transaction"), or (ii) the number of Securitization Transactions
that have in the aggregate a total par amount of residential mortgage loans of
at least $500,000,000.
b) Commercial Loan Origination
For a period of two years from the Closing Date, prior to entering any sale
transaction with any third party for the purchase by such third party of any
commercial mortgage loans (the "Commercial Loans") originated or purchased by
any Hanover Entity, such Hanover Entity shall, within one business day's notice
prior to any such sale, first offer the Purchaser the right to purchase such
Commercial Loans at the same purchase price and on the same terms and conditions
as it would offer such third party, in lieu of such sale by such Hanover Entity
to any third party. In the event that the Purchaser declines such offer, such
Hanover Entity shall have no further obligation to the Purchaser with respect to
such offered Commercial Loans.
c) Master Servicing
For a period of two years from the Closing Date, prior to entering into any
agreement with any third party to act as master servicer on any loan
securitization effected by any Hanover Entity, such Hanover Entity shall, within
one business day's notice prior to entering such agreement, first offer such
right to act as master servicer on any loan securitization effected by the
Seller to the Purchaser on the same terms and conditions as it would offer such
master servicing to such third party. In the event that the Purchaser declines
such offer, such Hanover Entity shall have no further obligation to the
Purchaser with respect to such master servicing offered with respect to the
related loan securitization.
d) Due Diligence
<PAGE> 6
For a period of two years from the Closing Date, prior to entering into any
agreement with any third party to undertake whole loan due diligence services
for Portfolio Transactions or for Securitization Transactions in which the
Broker is not undertaking the due diligence or is otherwise contracting with
third parties for such due diligence services (the "Broker-Contracted Due
Diligence"), the Purchaser or Broker, as applicable, shall, within one business
day's notice prior to entering into any agreement, first offer such right to
undertake such due diligence services to the Seller on the same terms and
conditions as it would offer to such third party. In the event the Broker
contracts with the Seller for due diligence services hereunder, the Seller shall
not be permitted to bid on any Portfolio Transaction unless such bid is made
jointly with the Purchaser. For the purposes hereof, "Portfolio Transactions"
shall mean residential whole loan acquisition opportunities pursued by the
Purchaser's Institutional Client Segment Portfolio Transaction Group and which
represent loan pools containing loan characteristics or features that do not
conform with program eligibility criteria specified within Purchaser's Client
Guide.
11. Commitment Fee
Seller shall pay the Purchaser $500,000.00 upon Purchaser's execution and
delivery of this letter (the "Commitment Fee"). The Commitment Fee shall be
reimbursed to the Seller upon the last to occur of the execution and delivery by
all parties of the final documentation of all of the transactions contemplated
by this Purchase Price and Terms Letter, and the purchase of the Mortgage Loans
by the Purchaser. In the event that such final documentation has not been
executed and delivered by all parties prior to the Termination Date, the
Purchaser shall be entitled to retain the Commitment Fee as liquidated damages
hereunder.
12. Legal Fees; Costs
The Seller shall pay all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the Purchaser
associated with the preparation, execution and delivery of this letter and all
documents contemplated by this letter not to exceed $50,000. The Seller shall
pay all delivery and recording costs, if any, associated with the sale, resale
or repurchase of the Mortgage Loans between the Seller and the Purchaser.
13. Termination of Obligations
In the event that the Purchaser shall fail to purchase the Mortgage Loans by the
Closing Date for any reason whatsoever, all obligations pursuant to this
Purchase Price and Terms Letter (other than the Purchaser's obligation to
reimburse the Commitment Fee to the Seller in accordance with paragraph 11
herein) shall terminate.
14. Survival; Governing Law
The parties acknowledge and agree that the provisions of this letter, other than
paragraphs
<PAGE> 7
1 through 8 which shall be superseded by the Purchase Agreement, shall survive
the Closing Date. This letter shall be construed in accordance with the laws of
the State of Minnesota, and the obligations, rights and remedies of the parties
hereunder shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the State of
Minnesota except to the extent preempted by Federal law.
[signatures commence on the following page]
Kindly acknowledge receipt of this confirmation by signing and promptly
returning the enclosed duplicate of this letter on or before November 10, 1998.
Your failure to return a countersigned duplicate of this letter to us within the
time indicated shall give us the right, at our sole option, to declare the oral
agreement confirmed hereby null and void.
Very truly yours,
HANOVER CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC.
By: ___________________________________
Name: ___________________________________
Title:___________________________________
Receipt of this confirmation is
hereby acknowledged:
RESIDENTIAL FUNDING CORPORATION
By: __________________________________
Title: __________________________________
Date: __________________________________
EXHIBIT A
Mortgage Loan Characteristics
<PAGE> 8
EXHIBIT B
Excluded Warrants
The 5,920,378 outstanding warrants (the "Warrants") issued in connection
with the September 1997 initial public offering of Hanover Capital Mortgage
Holdings, Inc. (the "Company"), each of which allows for the purchase of one
share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock") of the
Company at a price of $15.00 per share of Common Stock and expires in September
2000, shall be excluded from the antidilution calculations otherwise called for
by Section 9 of the Purchase Price and Terms Letter to which this Exhibit is
attached.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 21
----------
Consolidated Subsidiaries of Hanover
Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. Jurisdiction d/b/a
- ----------------------------------- ------------ -----
Hanover Capital SPC, Inc. Delaware None
Hanover Capital Repo Corp. Delaware None
Hanover QRS-1 98-B, Inc. Delaware None
Hanover QRS-2 98-B, Inc. Delaware None
Unconsolidated Subsidiaries of Hanover
Capital Mortgage Holdings, Inc. Jurisdiction d/b/a
- ----------------------------------- ------------ -----
Hanover Capital Partners Ltd. New York None
Hanover Capital Mortgage Corporation Missouri California d/b/a
Missouri Hanover Capital
Mortgage Corporation
Hanover Capital Securities, Inc. New York None
Hanover Capital Partners 2, Inc. Delaware None
Hanover SPC-2, Inc. Delaware None
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE HANOVER
CAPITAL MORTGAGE HOLDINGS, INC'S ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR THE PERIOD FROM
JANUARY 1, 1998 TO DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY
REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1998
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1998
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1998
<CASH> 11,837
<SECURITIES> 486,472
<RECEIVABLES> 4,253
<ALLOWANCES> 0
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 516,170
<PP&E> 0
<DEPRECIATION> 0
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 516,170
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 450,390<F1>
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 65
<OTHER-SE> 65,715<F2>
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 516,170
<SALES> 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 47,799
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 0
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 4,064
<LOSS-PROVISION> 356
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 41,176
<INCOME-PRETAX> (4,934)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (4,934)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (4,934)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (0.77)
<EPS-DILUTED> (0.77)
<FN>
<F1>AS A REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST OUR BALANCE
SHEET IS NOT CLASSIFIED.
<F2>INCLUDES RETAINED EARNINGS AND PAID IN CAPITAL.
</FN>
</TABLE>
