ENTERTAINMENT INC, POS EX, 1999-08-11

ENTERTAINMENT INC
POS EX, 1999-08-11
CABLE & OTHER PAY TELEVISION SERVICES

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<PAGE> 1

REGISTRATION NO. 333 -- 29869
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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
------------------------------------

POST-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
Form S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
------------------------------------

@ ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
DELAWARE 4841 06--1487156
(State or Other Jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization) Classification Code Number) Identification No.)
</TABLE>

ONE COMMERCIAL PLAZA
HARTFORD, CT 06103-3585
(860) 549-1674
(Address, including Zip Code and Telephone Number, including
Area Code, of Registrant's Principal Executive Offices)
------------------------------------
ROBERT E. FOWLER, III
@ ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
ONE COMMERCIAL PLAZA
HARTFORD, CT 06103-3585
(860) 549-1674
(Address, including Zip Code and Telephone Number,
including Area Code, of Agent for Service)
------------------------------------
COPIES TO:

<TABLE>
<S> <C>
MARC R. PAUL, ESQ. PAMELA M. GIBSON, ESQ.
BAKER & McKENZIE SHEARMAN & STERLING
815 CONNECTICUT AVENUE, N.W. 199 BISHOPSGATE
WASHINGTON, DC 20006 LONDON EC2M 3TY
ENGLAND
</TABLE>

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If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on
a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, check the following box. [ ]

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and
list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering. [ ]

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [X] 333-29869

If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box. [ ]
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<PAGE> 2

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-1 (File No. 333-29869) of @ Entertainment, Inc. (the "Registration Statement")
is filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) of the Securities Act solely for the purpose of
re-filing Exhibits 10.19, 10.20 and 10.21 to the Registration Statement for
which confidential treatment was previously granted and subsequently has been
extended by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
<PAGE> 3

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) Exhibits

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
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<C> <S>
1.1* Form of Underwriting Agreement.
2.1* Contribution Agreement among Polish Investment Holdings, LP
("PIHLP"), ECO Holdings III Limited Partnership ("ECO"),
Roger M. Freedman, Steele LLC, the AESOP Fund, LP, the
Cheryl Anne Chase Marital Trust (the "CACMT") and @
Entertainment, Inc. dated at June 22, 1997.
2.2* Purchase Agreement among ECO, @ Entertainment, Inc. and L.
Ciesffia International, Inc. dated at June 22, 1997.
3.1* Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of @
Entertainment, Inc. dated at June 22, 1997.
3.2* Bylaws of @ Entertainment, Inc. as amended through July 14,
1997.
3.3* Shareholders Agreement among ECO, PIHLP, Roger M. Freedman,
Steele LLC, the CACMT, the AESOP Fund, LP and @
Entertainment, Inc. dated at June 22, 1997.
3.4* Termination Agreement among PCI, PIHLP, ECO, Roger M.
Freedman, Steele LLC, the AESOP Fund, LP, and the CACMT
dated at June 22, 1997.
3.5* Registration Rights Agreement among @ Entertainment, PIHLP,
ECO, Roger Freedman, Steele LLC, the AESOP Fund, LP, and the
CACMT dated at June 22, 1997 (the "Registration Rights
Agreement").
3.6* Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement.
4.1* Form of Common Stock Certificate.
5* Opinion of Baker & McKenzie with respect to the legality of
the securities being registered.
8* Opinion of Baker & McKenzie with respect to the certain tax
matters.
9.1* Voting Agreement by and among PIHLP, Roger M. Freedman,
Steele LLC, and the CACMT dated at June 22, 1997.
9.2* Side Letter dated June 22, 1997 regarding the Voting
Agreement.
10.1* Indenture dated at October 31, 1996 between PCI and State
Street Bank and Trust Company relating to PCI's 9 7/8%
Senior Notes due 2003 and its 9 7/8% Series B Senior Notes
due 2003. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 of
PCI's Form S-4 Registration Statement, Registration No.
333-20307).
10.2* Form of Management Agreement among PCI and subsidiaries.
10.3* Form of Service Agreement among PCI and subsidiaries.
10.4* Corporate Overhead Allocation Agreement among PCI and
subsidiaries. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of
PCI's Form S-4 Registration Statement, Registration No.
333-20307).
10.5* Amendment to Service Agreement. (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.5 of PCI's Form S-4 Registration Statement,
Registration No. 333-20307).
10.6* Side Letter regarding Service Agreement. (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.6 of PCI's Form S-4 Registration
Statement, Registration No. 333-20307).
</TABLE>

II-1
<PAGE> 4

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
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<C> <S>
10.7* Employment Agreement, dated at January 1, 1997, between PCI
and Robert E. Fowler, III, including Stock Option Agreement.
Assigned to @ Entertainment (See Exhibits 10.22 and 10.25).
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of PCI's Form S-4
Registration Statement, Registration No. 333-20307).
10.8* Deferred Compensation Agreement, dated at January 1, 1991,
between Chase International Corporation (merged into World
Cable Communications, Inc. ("WCCI"), now PCI) and Arnold L.
Chase. Assigned to @ Entertainment (See Exhibits 10.22 and
10.25). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of PCI's
Form S-4 Registration Statement, Registration No.
333-20307).
10.9* Employment Agreement, dated at January, 1997, between PCI
and George Makowski, including Stock Option Agreement.
Assigned to @ Entertainment (See Exhibits 10.22 and 10.25).
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of PCI's Form
S-4 Registration Statement, Registration No. 333-20307).
10.10* Employment Agreement, dated at September 1, 1996, between
WCCI, and John Frelas, including Stock Option Agreement.
Assigned to @ Entertainment (See Exhibit 10.22 and 10.25).
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of PCI's Form
S-4 Registration Statement, Registration No. 333-20307).
10.11* Employment Agreement, dated at February 7, 1997, between PCI
and Przemyslaw A. Szmyt, as amended. Assigned to @
Entertainment (See Exhibit 10.22 and 10.25).
10.12* Stock Option Agreement dated June 23, 1997 between @
Entertainment and Przemyslaw A. Szmyt.
10.13* Employment Agreement, dated at January 1, 1997, between PCI
and Marek Sowa, as amended. Assigned to @ Entertainment (See
Exhibit 10.22).
10.14* Employment Agreement, dated April 7, 1997, between PCI and
David Warner Assigned to @ Entertainment (See Exhibit
10.22).
10.15* Stock Option Agreement dated at June 23, 1997 between @
Entertainment and David Warner.
10.16* Stock Option Plan of @ Entertainment.
10.17* Employment Agreement, dated at January 1, 1996, between
PTK-Warszawa S.A. and Andrzej Muras. (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.15 of PCI's Form S-4 Registration
Statement, Registration No. 333-20307).
10.18* Form of Agreement for Lease of Cable Conduits with
Telekomunikacja Polska S.A.
10.19+ Agreement for Digital Transmission on the Astra System
between Societe Europeene des Satellites S.A. ("SES") and
PCI Programming, Inc. (Mozaic Entertainment, Inc. (formerly,
PCI Programming, Inc., "Mozaic") (ASTRA 1F Satellite) dated
March 26, 1997.
10.20+ Agreement for Digital Transmission on the Astra System
between SES and Mozaic (ASTRA 1F Satellite) dated March 26,
1997.
10.21+ Agreement for Digital Transmission on the Astra System
between SES and Mozaic (ASTRA 1E Satellite) dated March 27,
1997.
10.22* Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement related to
employment contracts with certain of the executive officers
of @ Entertainment.
10.23* Shareholders Agreement between Chase International
Corporation, Frank N. Cooper, Rutter-Dunn Communications,
Inc., Poland Cablevision U.S.A., Inc., and Poland
Cablevision B.V. ("PCBV"), dated at March 8, 1990.
</TABLE>

II-2
<PAGE> 5

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
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<C> <S>
10.24* Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement related to stock
option agreements with certain of the executives of @
Entertainment.
10.25* Advisory Services Agreement between @ Entertainment and
Handlowy Investments S.ar.l. dated at July 29, 1997.
11.1* Statement Regarding Calculation of Per Share Earnings.
15* Letter from KPMG Peat Marwick LLP regarding unaudited
interim financial information.
21* List of subsidiaries of @ Entertainment.
23.1* Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP with respect to @
Entertainment.
23.2* Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP with respect to Poland
Cablevision (Netherlands) B.V.
23.5* Consent of Baker & McKenzie with respect to the legality of
the securities being registered (contained in Exhibit 5).
23.6* Consent of Baker & McKenzie with respect to the certain tax
matters (contained in Exhibit 8).
25* Power of Attorney (included on the signature page in Part II
of this Registration Statement).
27* Financial Data Schedule.
</TABLE>

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* Previously filed.

+ Extended confidential treatment has been granted with respect to portions of
this Exhibit. Such portions have been omitted and filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.

(b) Financial Statement Schedules

The following are included in Part II of this Registration Statement.

Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts*
-- @ Entertainment, Inc.
-- Poland Cablevision (Netherlands) B.V.
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* Previously filed.

II-3
<PAGE> 6

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant
has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in
London, England, on the 11th day of August, 1999.

@ Entertainment, Inc.

By: /s/ ROBERT E. FOWLER, III
------------------------------------
Robert E. Fowler, III
Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed by the
following persons in the capacities and on the dates stated:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
<C> <S> <C>
* Chairman of the Board of Directors August 11, 1999
- ---------------------------------------------
David T. Chase

* Director August 11, 1999
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Arnold L. Chase

* Director August 11, 1999
- ---------------------------------------------
Scott A. Lanphere

* Director August 11, 1999
- ---------------------------------------------
Jerzy Z. Swirski

Director
- ---------------------------------------------
David Chance

Director
- ---------------------------------------------
Samuel Chisholm

Director
- ---------------------------------------------
Agnieszka Holland

/s/ ROBERT E. FOWLER, III Chief Executive Officer and August 11, 1999
- --------------------------------------------- Director
Robert E. Fowler, III (Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ DONALD MILLER-JONES Chief Financial Officer August 11, 1999
- --------------------------------------------- (Principal Financial and Principal
Donald Miller-Jones Accounting Officer)

*By: /s/ ROBERT E. FOWLER, III
- ---------------------------------------------
Robert E. Fowler, III
Attorney-in-Fact
</TABLE>

<PAGE> 1
Exhibit 10.19

CONFIDENTIAL

-----------------
AGREEMENT
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for digital transmission on the ASTRA system

between

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.

and

PCI PROGRAMMING INC.

<PAGE> 2
CONFIDENTIAL

<TABLE>

<S> <C> <C>
1. Interpretation ...................................................... 4

2. Agreement ........................................................... 6

3. Term ................................................................ 6

4. Charges ............................................................. 6

5. Spare TWTA .......................................................... 7

6. Unavailability ...................................................... 7

7. Excluding Circumstances ............................................. 8

8. Interruption. Testing and Monitoring ................................ 8

9. Pre-emption ......................................................... 9

10. Use of Transponder and Encryption ................................... 9

11. Service Information ................................................. 10

12. Compliance with Law ................................................. 10

13. SES' Authority ...................................................... 10

14. Assignment .......................................................... 10

15. Termination ......................................................... 11

16. Effect of Termination ............................................... 11

17. Force Majeure ....................................................... 12

18. Limitation of Liability - Exclusivity of Remedies ................... 12

19. Indemnities ......................................................... 12

20. Confidentiality ..................................................... 13

21. Trademark - Logo and Press Releases ................................. 13

22. Notices ............................................................. 13

23. Severability ........................................................ 14

24. Waiver .............................................................. 14

25. Entire Agreement .................................................... 14

26. Amendment ........................................................... 14

</TABLE>

<PAGE> 3
CONFIDENTIAL

27. Proper Law and Jurisdiction.................................... 14

28. Legal Opinion.................................................. 14

29. Condition Precedent............................................ 15

30. Marketing Cooperation.......................................... 15

SCHEDULE I: Satellite and Transponder Description and
Performance Specifications............................. 16

SCHEDULE II: Customer Signals, Customer Uplink Signals
and Uplink Facilities.................................. 18

SCHEDULE III: Service(s)............................................. 20

SCHEDULE IV: Monitoring............................................. 21

SCHEDULE V: Conditional Access System.............................. 23

SCHEDULE VI: Charges................................................ 24

SCHEDULE VII: Priority and Pre-emption............................... 26

SCHEDULE VIII: ASTRA Access Agreement................................. 29

SCHEDULE IX: ASIUS.................................................. 30

</TABLE>

<PAGE> 4

AGREEMENT

DATED 26 MARCH 1997

BETWEEN:

(1) SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ("SES"); and

(2) PCI PROGRAMMING INC.
c/o Poland Communications Inc.
1 Commercial Plaza
Hartford, CT 06033, USA (the "Customer")

PREAMBLE:

(A) SES is the operator of the ASTRA satellite system which comprises several
satellites co-located at 19.2 degrees East for the retransmission of
television and radio services;

(B) The satellite, described in Schedule I-A hereto, is part of this satellite
system;

(C) The Customer wishes to use transponder capacity on a transponder of
said satellite to transmit the digital services described herein on the
terms and conditions set out below;

IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

1. INTERPRETATION

1.1 In this Agreement, the following words and expressions shall have
the meanings ascribed to them below:

"Cahier des Charges" : the ministerial enactment (arrete
ministeriel) of the Luxembourg government setting out the duties to
be observed by SES in performance of the Concession;

"Concession" : the concession contract ("Contrat de Concession")
entered into by the government of Luxembourg and SES to enable SES
to operate the Satellite System and any amendment thereof;

"Customer Downlink Signals" : downlink RF(1)-QPSK(2) modulated time
division

__________________________

1 Radio frequency

2 Quadrature phase shift kaying

<PAGE> 5
CONFIDENTIAL

multiplexed carried carrying the Service(s) from the Customer's
Transponder;

"Customer Signals" : the bit stream, carrying the Service(s),
produced by the Customer and transmitted to the Uplink Facilities
for onward transmission via the Customer's Transponder and
conforming to SCHEDULE II;

"Customer Start Date" or "CSD" : the date on which the Customer has
agreed to commence the transmission of the Service(s) on the
Customer's Transponder, being the date upon which the Board of SES
and the Government of Luxembourg have given their approval even if
the Government's approval is just a preliminary one for test
transmissions;

"Customer Uplink Signals" : the RF-QPSK modulated time division
multiplexed carrier, carrying the Service(s), transmitted from the
Uplink Facilities to the Customer's Transponder and conforming to
SCHEDULE II;

"Customer's Transponder" : the transponder capacity on the Satellite
as described in Schedule I-B, or any alternative transponder
capacity subsequently allocated to the Customer pursuant hereto, and
via which the Customer transmits the Service(s);

"Expiry Date" : the last day of the Term;

"LIBOR" : the one month London inter bank offered rate, applying to
the currency of this Agreement, as quoted by Banque et Caisse
d'Epargne de l'Etat in Luxembourg on the due date for payment;

"Minimum Transponder Performance" : as defined in SCHEDULE I-D;

"Operational Service Dates" or "OSD" : the date on which SES
declared the Satellite operational, being 1 June 1996;

"Payment Period" : a period of the Term in respect of which payments
are payable or have been paid pursuant to SCHEDULE VI;

"Pre-emption" : the deliberate interruption and/or cessation of the
availability of a transponder by SES in accordance with the rules
set out in SCHEDULE VII and "Pre-empt" shall be construed
accordingly;

"Received Signal Power" : as defined in SCHEDULE I-D;

"Satellite" : the ASTRA IF satellite as described in SCHEDULE I-A;

"Service(s)" : the Customer's services described in SCHEDULE III;

"SES' Associates" : SES' officers, employees, consultants, agents,
contractors or sub-contractors however it is understood that CLT/DTS
performing the play-out for the Customer, are not considered as SES
Associate;

"Spare TWTA" : a spare travelling wave tube amplifier which can be
switched to recover traffic on the Satellite;

"Target Market" : as defined in SCHEDULE III;

<PAGE> 6
CONFIDENTIAL

"Term": the duration of this Agreement as specified in CLAUSE 3;

"transponder": a part of the Satellite which receives, amplifies
and frequency-translates the uplink signals and retransmits them as
downlink signals;

"Unavailable", "Unavailability": as defined in CLAUSE 6;

"Uplink Facilities": all equipment and ancillary facilities used
to transmit the Customer Uplink Signals to the Satellite conforming
to SCHEDULE II;

"VAT": Value added tax or any similar tax or charge.

1.2 In case of conflict between this Agreement and the Schedules
hereto, this Agreement shall prevail.

2. AGREEMENT

With effect from CSD SES will perform the transmission of the Customer
Uplink Signals carrying the Service(s) by exclusively providing the
Customer's Transponder for the purpose and monitor the digital transmission
of the Customer Uplink Signals on the terms set out herein. This Agreement
does not include multiplexing and uplinking. SES will make available, at
SES facilities in Betzdorf, encoding, multiplexing and uplinking.

3. TERM

3.1 This Agreement shall begin on the date hereof and expire on the
tenth (10th) anniversary of CSD.

3.2 Either party may terminate this Agreement upon 6 months written
notice if the Customer does not tarket the Polish DTH market prior
to 1 January 1999. "Tarket the Polish DTH market" means that (i)
the Customer shall have a licence or permit (if necessary) for its
activity and (ii) actively markets and promotes DTH reception by
ensuring availability in the market of decoder boxes (integrated
receiver devices ("IRD's").

4. CHARGES

4.1 The Customer shall pay the charges set out in SCHEDULE VI as and on
the dates set out therein.

4.2 Sums overdue shall be subject to a late payment interest charge at
2% over LIBOR from the due date. The interest shall accrue on a
daily basis.

4.3 All sums payable by the Customer under SCHEDULE VI are quoted
exclusive of any
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<PAGE> 7
CONFIDENTIAL

Vat or other tax or duties. The Customer undertakes to pay any
applicable VAT, other tax or duties upon receipt of an appropriate
invoice from SES.

4.4 All sums due under this Agreement shall be paid in full without
set-off, counter-claim or other deduction.

4.5 Any sums owned by SES to the Customer for Unavailability pursuant to
CLAUSE 6 shall be calculated by SES within 15 days from the date on
which such an event occurred and shall be paid to the Customer
within thirty (30) days thereafter. If the Customer disagrees with
the amount so calculated and notified by SES, the Customer shall so
notify SES in writing and the parties shall seek in good faith to
resolve the disagreement. Payments for Unavailability after the due
date for payment determined hereunder shall accrue interest at the
rate set out in CLAUSE 4.2, unless such payments are in dispute.

4.6 In the circumstance set out in CLAUSE 7.2, the Customer shall not be
relieved of its obligation to pay the charges payable hereunder.

5. SPARE TWTA

If the Customer's Transponder becomes Unavailable and if a Spare TWTA is
available, then, subject to the priority rules set out in SCHEDULE VII, SES
shall provide its use to the Customer as soon as reasonably possible.

6. UNAVAILABILITY

6.1 The Customer's Transponder shall be regarded as Unavailable if:

6.1.1 the Received Signal Power falls below the Minimum
Transponder Performance by more than 1 dB;

6.1.2 the interruption of the Service(s) pursuant to Clause 8.1
exceeds thirty (30) minutes in any calendar quarter;

6.1.3 any failure of the Satellite or any part thereof causes an
interruption of transmissions of the Service(s); or

6.1.4 the 27.5 MS/s QPSK digital carrier at the centre frequency of
the Customer's Transponder, complying fully with SCHEDULE II,
which saturates the Customer's Transponder as indicated by
the satellite DLA input power telemetry as specified by SES
and has a 3/4 rate FEC, exhibits a Bit Error Rate worse than
10(-9) when received on a typical 60 cm antenna with no
pointing error, with a G/T of no worse than 13.5 db/K located
in Betzdorf, Luxembourg, under clear sky conditions. It is
understood that SES shall have no obligation to monitor the
bit error rate.

<PAGE> 8
CONFIDENTIAL

arrangements for bridging services in respect of such period of
Unavailability come to an end, however such date shall not be later
than 30 days after the end of any period of Unavailability. In this
regard, SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rata temporis
portion of the charges paid by the Customer for the period of
Unavailability and/or the Customer shall not be liable to pay SES
the pro rata temporis portion of the charges payable (but not yet
paid) in respect of such period of Unavailability (as applicable).

6.3 If the Customer's Transponder becomes Unavailable for a period of
thirty (30) or more consecutive days, then the Customer may
terminate the Agreement by written notice to SES (provided that such
notice is sent while the Customer's Transponder is Unavailable) and
CLAUSE 16.1 shall apply.

6.4 CLAUSES 5, 6.2 and 6.3 shall be the Customer's sole remedies in the
event of an Unavailability and SES shall have no other obligation.

7. EXCLUDING CIRCUMSTANCES

CLAUSES 6.2 and 6.3 shall not apply:

7.1 to an Unavailability caused by an act or omission of the Customer or
of the Customer's Associates;

7.2 where the Customer Signals, the Customer Uplink Signals or the
Uplink Facilities do not comply with SCHEDULE II or where the
Customer Signals are not received by the Uplink Facilities or the
Customer Uplink Signals are not received by the Customer's
Transponder due to no fault of SES or any SES Associate.

8. INTERRUPTION, TESTING AND MONITORING

8.1 SES shall be entitled to interrupt the Service(s) and to require the
Customer to cease transmission of the Customer Uplink Signals where
necessary (i) to provide the use of a Spare TWTA, and (ii) for
operational testing, maintenance, monitoring, preventive or curative
repair or adjustment to be carried out either with respect to the
Satellite as a whole or part thereof, or one or more of its
transponders where necessary, in SES' reasonable opinion, to
preserve the integrity of the Satellite or the overall quality of
the satellite transmissions in the short, medium or long term. SES
shall give the Customer as much notice thereof as is practicable in
the circumstances and shall agree with the Customer upon the date
and time of interruption wherever possible.

8.2 SES shall be entitled to interrupt the Service(s) or to require the
Customer to cease transmission of the Customer Uplink Signals if the
Customer is in breach of its obligations hereunder ALWAYS PROVIDED
THAT if such breach is due to a technical issue, SES shall not
interrupt the Service(s) without allowing the Customer reasonable
period of time to correct it, unless the technical issue either (i)
is interfering with another customer of SES, (ii) could cause
potentially damage or degradation to the Satellite or to its proper
functioning or (iii) could affect the quality of the transmissions
provided by the Satellite. Nothing in this CLAUSE 8.2 shall permit
SES to interrupt the Services in circumstances where there is a bona
fide

8
<PAGE> 9
CONFIDENTIAL

dispute between the parties as to any fees due to be paid under this
Agreement. Any such dispute, if not resolved by negotiation, shall
be dealt with as provided for in CLAUSE 27.

8.3 SES shall monitor the Customer Uplink Signals and the performance of
the Customer's Transponder in accordance with the provisions of
SCHEDULE TV and supply an analysis of the results when so requested
by the Customer. Such data shall be limited to information which SES
can reasonably be expected to obtain and which it can reveal without
liability or breach of any duty to any third party. Such information
shall be kept confidential.

8.4 The Customer shall procure that the operator of the Uplink
Facilities shall assist SES in making any tests to ensure that such
Facilities and the Customer Uplink Signals comply with Clause 10.3.

8.5 All Service(s) using the Customer's Transponder shall be uplinked
from the same uplink antenna.

9. PRE-EMPTION

Intentionally deleted

10. USE OF TRANSPONDER AND ENCRYPTION

10.1 The frequencies for the Customer Uplink Signals and the Customer
Downlink Signals initially allocated by SES shall be those stated in
SCHEDULE I-B or notified to the Customer before CSD.

10.2 The Customer shall, on CSD, commence transmitting the Service(s)
and thereafter maintain full transmission of the majority of the
Service(s) as described in SCHEDULE III. For the avoidance of doubt
this Clause 10.2 is not designed to interfere with the Customer's
plans for the roll out of the Service(s) and SES accepts that such
plans do not envisage the transmission of a full complement of
Service(s) for the first year of this Agreement and may also mean
that the Customer does not have any Service(s) ready to commence
transmission on CSD.

10.3 The Customer shall procure that the Customer Signals and Customer
Uplink Signals and Uplink Facilities comply with SCHEDULE II and do
not interfere with or damage the Satellite or any of its
transponders.

10.4 The Customer may, if so provided in SCHEDULE V, encrypt the Customer
Signals provided that the Customer, at its costs, provides SES with
ten operational decoders authorised for reception and any other
equipment needed to receive the Customer Downlink Signals.

<PAGE> 10
CONFIDENTIAL

to provide to the Customer advance notice of 24 hours to perform the
necessary operations to uplink the Service(s) to the other ASTRA
satellite. To avoid a Service interruption, the Customer shall take
all necessary arrangements with the operator of the Uplink
Facilities to accommodate such a transponder replacement and SES
will either (i) move the Customer's Transponder in tandem with any
other customer's transponder on the Satellite or (ii) relax the
technical requirements of the Access Agreement to require only two
(2) uplinks for the three (3) allocated customer's transponders with
frequencies in the E and F bands.

10.6 The Customer shall not use the Customer's Transponder in any way not
specified in this Agreement.

11. SERVICE INFORMATION

The Customer shall provide to SES the Service(s) information in compliance
with Schedule III.

12. COMPLIANCE WITH LAW

12.1 The Customer shall comply to all material extent with all laws,
regulations or provisions relevant for the performance of this
Agreement, shall, where necessary, at all times have and comply with
a broadcasting license or authorization for the Service(s) and shall
promptly inform SES of any material change thereof. If the
Service(s) is not subject to the laws of a member of the European
Union it hall, nevertheless, comply with the provisions of the
"Television Without Frontiers" directive of 3 October 1989, as may
be amended, as transposed into the laws of Luxembourg being
currently Article 6 and Chapter IV of the Luxembourg Electronic
Media Law of 27 July 1991.

12.2 SES shall not exercise its right to terminate this Agreement under
CLAUSE 15.1 by reason of non-compliance by the Customer pursuant to
CLAUSE 12.1 except where such non-compliance has been determined by
a court or other authority with competent jurisdiction or where
otherwise requested by the Government of the Grand Duchy of
Luxembourg. Moreover if compliance with Clause 12.1 would result in
the contravention of any future law or regulation in the Target
Market, its non-compliance with CLAUSE 12.1 shall constitute an
event of force majeure.

13. SES' AUTHORITY
This Agreement is subject to the continuing right of SES to provide the
Customer's Transponder pursuant to the Concession and the Cahier des
Charges. If this right is withdrawn, then this Agreement shall terminate
automatically unless the Government of Luxembourg wishes to undertake SES'
rights and obligations hereunder. In either case, SES shall be discharged
of all liability and obligation to the Customer subject to CLAUSE 16.

14. ASSIGNMENT

14.1 Subject to the remainder of this CLAUSE 14 the Customer shall not
assign, transfer, sub-let, or otherwise allow any third party to
directly or indirectly exercise its rights, in whole or in part,
under this Agreement. For the purpose hereof, an assignment shall
also include a change in the control of the Customer or of a
substantial part of its assets or business.

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14.2 SES hereby authorises the Customer at any time to assign its rights
under this Agreement to (a) any affiliate or (b) Procable Sp Z 0. 0.
("Procable") provided that the Customer retains not less than a 33%
shareholding in Procable, and in any such event on conditions that
the Customer agrees to continue to be bound by all its obligations
and liabilities hereunder and to hold SES harmless from any breach
of this Agreement by its Assignee. For the purposes of this CLAUSE
14.2, a company will be regarded as an affiliate of the Customer if
the Customer holds not less than a 50% interest in the shares or
equivalent of that company or if the company holds at least 50%
interest in the Customer or a company being under common control
with the Customer.

14.3 Upon SES' and the Luxembourg Government prior written consent, which
shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, the Customer may
sub-contract the benefit of this Agreement to any third party
provided that (i) no such sub-contract shall relieve the Customer of
its obligations and liabilities under this Agreement and the
Customer shall be responsible for the acts, default and omissions of
the sub-contractor, its employees and agents as fully as if they
were acts, default, omissions of the Customer itself and (ii) the
Customer will share revenues exceeding the charge payable in the
relevant calendar year with SES on a 50/50 basis.

15. TERMINATION

In addition to the termination rights provided herein including without
limitation the Customer's right to terminate as specified in CLAUSE 6.3, a
party may terminate this Agreement forthwith by written notice if the other
party:

15.1 commits a material breach of its obligations hereunder and fails to
remedy such breach (if capable of remedy) within thirty (30) days of
written notice from the party requiring such breach to be remedied
(for the avoidance of doubt, circumstances giving rise to the right
to terminate under CLAUSE 3.2 or CLAUSE 6.3 do not constitute a
material breach);

15.2 is unable to pay its debts as they mature; becomes insolvent; is
subject to bankruptcy, reorganisation, moratorium, insolvency or
similar proceedings for the relief of financially distressed
debtors; is subject to winding up, dissolution or liquidation
(judicial or non-judicial) proceedings; voluntarily or involuntarily
suspends or discontinues its business; liquidates or sells a
substantial part of its assets; makes an assignment for the benefit
of its creditors; or is subject to the appointment of a receiver,
liquidator or other third party over its assets or business; or

15.3 has been prevented by an event of force majeure from materially
performance its obligations hereunder for sixty (60) days or more.
SES will waive its right to terminate the Agreement if and for such
period of time the Customer continues to pay the charge hereunder.

16. EFFECT OF TERMINATION

16.1 Where the Agreement is terminated (i) by the Customer, pursuant to
Clauses 6.3, 15.1 or 15.2, (ii) by either party, pursuant to CLAUSE
15.3, or (iii) automatically

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pursuant to CLAUSE 13, then SES shall refund to the Customer the pro
rata temporis portion of the advance payments made by the Customer
pursuant to SCHEDULE VI relating to the unexpired portion of the
Payment Period in progress on the date of termination. SES may
deduct from such amount all payments, taxes and duties payable to
governments or other entities for which the Customer is liable
hereunder and all sums owed to SES at that time.

16.2 Where SES terminates this Agreement pursuant to CLAUSES 15.1 or
15.2, the Customer shall forthwith pay to SES any sum owed by the
Customer to SES at that time and shall continue to be liable for and
to pay the charge provided in Schedule VI (as if the Agreement had
not been terminated) until such time as SES allocates the Customer's
Transponder to another customer. SES shall have no obligation to
market the Customer's Transponder in priority to unused transponder
capacity on SES' satellites and for a price inferior to that payable
by the Customer to SES (unless the Customer makes up for the
difference); however, SES shall use its reasonable efforts to
mitigate its losses. If the Customer's Transponder is allocated to
another customer, SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rata
temporis portion of the advance payments made by the Customer
pursuant to SCHEDULE VI relating to the unexpired portion of the
Payment Period in progress on the date at which the other customer
starts transmitting.

17. FORCE MAJEURE

Neither party shall be considered to be in breach or be liable for any
damage suffered by the other party or its Associates, by reason of any
failure to perform any obligation hereunder if and for so long as such
failure is the result of an event of force majeure. Subject to Clause 15.3,
the respective obligations of both parties shall be suspended for such time
as such an event prevents either party from performing its obligations.

18. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY - EXCLUSIVITY OF REMEDIES

18.1 Without prejudice to CLAUSES 5, 6 AND 16, SES shall not be liable to
the Customer or to the Customer's Associates in any way whatsoever,
except for its gross negligence ("faute lourde") or wilful
misconduct ("dol").

18.2 The remedies expressly provided in this agreement are the sole
remedies available to the parties and the parties waive any other
rights that they may have.

19. INDEMNITIES

19.1 The Customer shall totally indemnify SES and SES' Associates and
customers against all claims, losses, damages, expenses arising
from:

19.1.1 damages caused to third parties as a result of a breach by
the Customer of this Agreement or a civil duty;

19.1.2 infringement of copyright, defamation, libel or invasion of
privacy (or any allegation thereof) arising in the course of
the use of the Customer's Transponder;

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19.1.3 claims in any way connected with the quality or contents of
any programme or display transmitted as part of the
Service(s), or with any failure, however caused, to perform
an obligation owed to any person to transmit any such
programme or display;

19.1.4 infringement by the Customer by virtue of exercising its
rights under this Agreement of any other third party right;

19.1.5 damage caused to the Satellite by the Customer or the
operator of the Uplink Facilities save where SES is said
operator.

19.2 A party (the "First Party") shall indemnify the other party against
all claims, losses, damages or expenses arising from an infringement
of patent caused by the use of any apparatus or system provided by
the First Party to the other.

19.3 Neither party shall admit any liability or make any concession in
respect of any claim brought against it for which it may seek an
indemnity under this CLAUSE 19 without the prior written consent of
the indemnifying party and the indemnifying party shall have the
right to control any such proceedings at its own costs and expenses.

20. CONFIDENTIALITY

Each party shall, and shall procure that its Associates shall, both
throughout the Term and thereafter, keep confidential the provisions of
this Agreement together with all other information disclosed on a
confidential basis by the other party hereunder and shall not disclose the
same to any person except when acting under a court order. Unless otherwise
specified in writing, all information regarding the performance of the
Satellite or the Customer's Transponder or the business affairs of the
parties shall be regarded as confidential. Where necessary to secure its
financing or otherwise in the legitimate course of its business, each party
shall have the right to disclose this Agreement to its professional
advisors, financial institutions and stock exchanges authorities.

21. TRADEMARK - LOGO AND PRESS RELEASES

21.1 Each party agrees to allow the other to use its trademark and logo,
free of charge, throughout the Term, solely for the purpose of
indicating in any document, advertising or communication made or
commissioned by such party that the Service(s) is transmitted via
the ASTRA satellite system.

21.2 The parties shall agree on a press release to announce this
Agreement.

22. NOTICES

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by facsimile, when the transmission of the facsimile is complete. Notices
sent by facsimile shall be confirmed by letter. The initial facsimile
number of the parties are: (i) SES: (352) 710 725 291, (ii) the Customer:
(48) 22 43 56 31 or (48) 22 43 65 31.

23. SEVERABILITY

In the event that a provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid,
inapplicable or unenforceable such provision shall be replaced by one which
comes closest to the intention of the parties and the remaining provisions
of this Agreement shall be unimpaired.

24. WAIVER

No relaxation, delay or indulgence by either party in enforcing any right
under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof.

25. ENTIRE AGREEMENT

This Agreement, with the Schedules, is the entire agreement between the
parties in connection with the subject matter hereof and there are no other
agreements, written or oral. This Agreement supersedes all prior
understandings, representations or communications between the parties and
each party declares that it has not relied on any representation except as
expressly set out herein.

26. AMENDMENT

No provision of this Agreement may be amended, waived or terminated, nor
may any breach thereof be waived otherwise than (in each case) by the
express written agreement of the parties hereto. The Agreement will, where
necessary, be amended to reflect the reasonable changes made by the
Luxembourg Government to the Concession or the Cahier des Charges or the
Luxembourg Laws.

27. PROPER LAW AND JURISDICTION

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the parties hereby submit to the
exclusive jurisdiction of the Luxembourg courts.

28. LEGAL OPINION

The Customer shall, at SES' request and cost, procure a legal opinion
issued by the Customer's external counsel in favour of SES' lending
institutions, in a form reasonably satisfactory to SES and its lending
institutions.

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29. CONDITION PRECEDENT

This Agreement is subject to the approval of the Board of SES, the Board of
the Customer and of the Government of Luxembourg. The parties shall each
use their reasonable efforts to obtain the approvals required as soon as
practicable after contract signature but in any event before 30 April 1997.

30. MARKETING COOPERATION

Taking into account the Customer's plan to introduce into the market an
aggregate amount of 500,000 IRD's during the start phase of DTH SES and the
Customer shall cooperate jointly in the marketing activities for rolling
out the Customer's digital services. Such cooperation shall be mutually
agreed from time to time.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the duly authorised representatives of the parties hereto
have executed this agreement in two originals on the date first before written.

PCI PROGRAMMING INC. SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.

/s/ Robert E. Fowler, III /s/ Romain Bausch
- ------------------------- ----------------------------
By: Romain Bausch
Title: Director General

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SCHEDULE I: SATELLITE AND TRANSPONDER DESCRIPTION AND PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS

A. ASTRA 1F SATELLITE DESCRIPTION

1. Satellite Manufacturer : Hughes Communications Int. Inc.

2. Expected Fuel Lifetime (from OSD) : 15 years

3. Satellite Station-keeping accuracy : Longitude +/- 0.10 degrees
Inclination +/- 0.10 degrees

4. Stabilisation System : 3 axis

5. Designed Channel Capacity :

A maximum of 22 transponders at start of life reducing to 20 transponders
at end of life can be operated simultaneously. All transponders are eclipse
protected and may be selected from the following configurations:

40 transponders in the 17300 - 18100 MHz uplink and 11700 - 12500 MHz
downlink frequency bank, 16 transponders in the 14250 - 14500 MHz uplink
and 11200 - 11450 MHz downlink frequency bann (ASTRA-1A backup).

6. Polarization : Dual Linear

7. Cross-polarization isolation (for areas
within the 50 dBW e.i.r.p. contour) on
vertical and horizontal transponders : Typical 30 dB

For the avoidance of doubt, the specifications set out in Parts B and C below
shall constitute part of the terms and conditions of this Agreement but the
description of the Satellite in this Part A is for the Customer's information
only and shall not constitute any term or condition of this Agreement.

B. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF TRANSPONDER USE
1. Initial transponder number on the Satellite : 95

2. Customer Uplink Signal frequency : 17904.50 MHz

3. Customer Downlink Signal frequency : 12304.50 MHz

4. Capacity provided : 27.5 MS/s QPSK
5. Hours of transmission : 24 hours per day.

6. Pre-emptibility status : See SCHEDULE VII-A

7. Polarisation : Horizontal

C. ORBITAL POSITION AND TRANSPONDER BANDWIDTH

1. Orbital position : 19.2 degrees East

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2. Usable Transponder bandwidth : 33 MHz (in the band 12.10 to 12.50
GHz)

D. TRANSPONDER PERFORMANCE

1. "MINIMUM TRANSPONDER PERFORMANCE" is defined as a satellite single carrier
saturation e.i.r.p. measured under clear sky conditions by a measurement
test set-up according to standard engineering practice as described in
Schedule I-E of (all figures in dBW):

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
City F-Band F-band on
on ASTRA 1F ASTRA 1G
---- ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Bialystok 50 50
Gdansk 52.5 50.5
Kielce 52 51.5
Krakow 52 52
Lublin 50 51
Olsztyn 52 50.5
Radom 51.5 51.5
Warsaw 51.5 51
Wroclaw 52.5 52
Betzdorf 51 51
</TABLE>

It is understood that SES shall have no obligation to monitor or measure
the Minimum Transponder Performance in any sites listed above save for
Betzdorf.

2. "RECEIVED SIGNAL POWER" is defined as signal power in dBW on the ground in
Luxembourg measured by a measurement test set-up according to standard
engineering practice as described in Schedule I-E. If the measurement is
not performed under clear sky conditions, the measured value shall be
corrected to account for the effect of weather and propagation conditions.

3. The Minimum Transponder Performance and Received Signal Power shall be
those measured or otherwise ascertained where the Customer is complying or
procuring compliance with SCHEDULE II.

E. MEASUREMENT TEST SET-UP AND STANDARD ENGINEERING PRACTICE

The saturated transponder e.i.r.p. and Received Signal Power is measured
under all weather conditions at the SES Satellite Control Facility in
Betzdorf, Luxembourg. The measured e.i.r.p. for the Customer's Transponder
is kept on record.

In order to accurately determine each transponder e.i.r.p., a measurement
set-up consisting of a calibrated fluxmeter and radiometer is used. The
fluxmeter measures the power flux density of earth surface created by each
individual satellite transponder.

The radiometer measures atmospheric attenuation along the satellite path,
assuming the atmosphere to be an absorbing homogeneous medium at a constant
temperature. Atmospheric attenuation is measured at the beginning of each
e.i.r.p. measurement cycle.

The fluxmeter uses a calibrated antenna, with a calibrated RF measurement
subsystem comprising, among others, a LNA, a down converter and a true RMS
power sensor. A 33 MHz selectivity bandpass filter is used to reduce errors
due to adjacent channel interference during e.i.r.p. measurements.

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SCHEDULE II: CUSTOMER SIGNALS, CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNALS AND UPLINK FACILITIES

A. SPECIFICATIONS OF CUSTOMER SIGNALS AND CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNALS

To ensure consistent and uniform reception of high quality video, audio and
data services by the users of ASTRA transmitted services, and to allow full
inter-operability between different manufacturer's equipment, SES requires
each Customer Signal and Customer Uplink Signal to meet the applicable
provisions of the following specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-1/-2/-3

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 1: Systems;
Part 2: Video and Part 3: Audio).

ETS 300 421

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services:
framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite
services.

ETS 300 468

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video Broadcasting
(DVB) Systems.

ETR 154

Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems, video and audio in
satellite and cable broadcasting applications.

ETR 211

Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information.

The Customer agrees to transmit the ASTRA Network Information Table
("NIT") as described in SCHEDULE IX. More specifically, the Customer
Uplink Signals shall automatically update its transmitted NIT to reflect
any changes of the ASTRA NIT. However, the Customer may modify the parts of
the NIT describing the Customer Uplink Signals (e.g. addition of service
list descriptor).

B. CUSTOMER SIGNALS

1. Video source coding shall be as specified in MPEG-2 main profile/main
level.

2. Audio source coding shall be as specified in ISO/IEC 13818-3 and as defined
in ETR 154.

C. CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNAL AND UPLINK FACILITIES

The Customer shall comply with the specifications and parameters set-out in
the ASTRA Access Agreement, a copy of which has been separately provided to
the Customer, which may be amended by SES, as necessary, provided that such
amendment also applies to other customers on the Satellite.

More specifically, the Customer Uplink Signals and the Uplink Facilities
having access to

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the ASTRA satellite shall meet the performance requirements established in
the ASTRA Access Agreement. SES will provide a reasonable prior notice for
any amendment requiring a change of hardware.

The following parameters shall also be met:

1. EARTH STATION EIRP

For access to the Satellite, the Uplink Facilities must be able to produce a
minimum earth station e.i.r.p. of to be notified by SES to the Customer once
the Customer has informed SES of the uplink site dBW per RF channel for
transmissions originated from to be notified by the Customer to SES before
OSD.

However, given that the Service(s) can be transferred to another ASTRA
satellite, pursuant to Clause 10.5, such transfer may require a separate
earth station and the Customer should note that for such satellite the
Uplink Facilities must be able to produce a minimum earth station e.i.r.p.
to be determined by SES, which may differ from that of the earth station
which accesses the Satellite.

2. TRANSMISSION STANDARD

The transmission standard used for the video, audio, and data services
shall be in accordance with the specifications given in Section A above.

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SCHEDULE III: SERVICE(S) (CLAUSE 10)

The Customer's Transponder shall be used exclusively for the transmission of the
following packages of television services, and related audio, and other services
as specified below all of them targeting at the general public located within
the Target Market. The expression "Target Market" means any or all of the
following countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania,
Moldova, Bulgaria, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Yugoslavia, Macedonia and Albania. It is
understood that those countries are only to such extent part of the Target
Market as they are covered by the Satellite footprint.

A. PAY-PER-VIEW SERVICES, being television services for which the viewer pays
on the basis of the actual consumption.

B. PAY TV SERVICES, being encrypted television services available upon
subscription.

C. UNENCRYPTED SERVICES, being television services available without any
special decoding equipment.

D. OTHER SERVICES: [TBD]

For each service considered, the Customer shall provide SES with the name of the
service, the types of service (pay-per-view, pay TV, unencrypted), the nature of
the programming and the language(s) of the service.

The above information, for any given Service, shall be provided at least 30 days
before the proposed start date for the Service and shall be subject to SES'
consent which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed and, where required,
to the approval of the Government of Luxembourg. Any change of service shall be
subject to the prior written consent of SES which shall not be unreasonably
withheld or delayed.

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SCHEDULE IV: MONITORING (CLAUSE 8)

In addition to performing the activities related to controlling the Satellite,
SES will also monitor all the transmissions through all its transponders as
described below.

SES will maintain a Network Operations Centre (NOC) capable of monitoring the
Received Signal Power of the Customer's Transponder on a continual basis
in order to produce a computerized record of the RF characteristics of the
Customer's Transponder.

As part of these activities, SES conducts a quarterly test using its In Orbit
Test System (IOTS) of the performance of each transponder on the ASTRA
satellite system. This test will necessitate that the Customer's Uplink Signal
be switched off during selected periods of time in accordance with Clause 8.1
for not more than thirty (30) minutes at a time.

If a problem is detected, the NOC Operators will initiate and co-ordinate
corrective measures in co-operation with the Uplink Facility which is
transmitting the Customer Uplink Signals.

The NOC's specific functions and responsibilities will include:

- -- Receiving and handling reports of Unavailability from customers.

- -- Co-ordinating the remedy of the reported difficulty and initiating any
necessary procedures required to restore lost or impaired service in the
most expedient manner

- -- Maintaining a complete and accurate record of all reported and observed
service failures, impairments, and customer contacts

- -- Co-ordinating the overall line-up, pre-service tests, and actual provisions
of service

- -- Arranging the routine monitoring of the Customer's Transponder as described
above

- -- Ensuring that any potential events that may affect the operation of the
Satellite as a whole or of the Customer's Transponder (sun transit, routine
testing, etc.) are notified to the Customer as soon as practicable and in
advance if possible

The reporting points for operational purposes shall be:

At the Customer: c/o Baker McKenzie
ul. Dluga 26/28
00-238 Warsaw
Tel: (48) 22 635 3521
(48) 22 635 4111
Fax: (48) 22 635 9447
(48) 39 121 1213

At SES: Network Operations Centre
Satellite Control Facility
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf
Luxembourg
Tel: for urgent problems only:
(352) 710 152
Tel: for normal operating and general use:

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Tel: (352) 710 725-344
Fax: (352) 710 725-227
(352) 710 725-213

Attn: Head Network Operations Centre

The above telephone and facsimile numbers are subject to change by SES or the
Customer.

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SCHEDULE V: CONDITIONAL ACCESS SYSTEM

The Customer may encrypt the Customer Signals using such system as it shall
reasonably select, in conjunction with SES, SES' approval not to be unreasonably
withheld or delayed. The conditional access system selected shall be DVB
compliant (based upon the DVB common scrambling algorithm and mechanisms). A
conditional access system cannot be applied to the Customer Signals during the
time period where SES provides, in its ground station in Betzdorf, encoding and
multiplexing of the Customer Signals.

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SCHEDULE VI: CHARGES (CLAUSE 4)

A. The charge payable by the Customer to SES in each year of this Agreement
(being a year which commences on CSD or any anniversary of that date) shall
be the sum of the fees to be determined in accordance with paragraphs (i)
and (ii), subject always to paragraph (iii):

(i) At the Customer's election (the Customer to notify SES of its
election not less than thirty (30) days prior to the commencement of
each year of this Agreement) either:

- an annual fixed fee of * USD or
- a monthly fixed fee of * USD.

The annual fixed fee (when payable) shall be paid on the first day
of the relevant year of this Agreement. The monthly fixed fee
(when payable) shall be payable on the first day of each month of
the relevant year of this Agreement. The Customer hereby elects to
pay the monthly fixed fee in the first year of this Agreement, the
first payment of which shall be on CSD.

(ii) A variable fee of * USD for each qualifying digital household up
to * such households and * USD for each qualifying digital
household exceeding * such households ALWAYS PROVIDED that on
or from 31 March 1999 until the Expiry Date, there shall be deemed
to be not less than * qualifying digital households irrespective of
the actual number of such households. The expression "qualifying
digital household" means any household located in which the occupant
has a current contract with the Customer or one of its affiliates or
authorized agents or distributors which gives him the right to
receive any services of the Customer and/or any affiliates of the
Customer that are transmitted using the Customer's Transponder by
means of direct pick-up by the occupant (via direct-to-home) of the
digital signal on an IRD available in the Target Market.

Following determination of the number of qualifying digital
households at the end of the calendar year ending in the relevant
year of this Agreement, the variable payment will be payable on the
average number of houses of the said calendar year (2 point
average) thirty (30) days after notification. For the calendar
year ending in the first year of this Agreement, the 2 point
average will start at zero. Consequently the number of qualifying
digital households for the first year of this Agreement will be
half of the number calculated at the end of that calendar year.

In the first and last year of this Agreement, the variable payment
will be the number of qualifying digital households multiplied by
the appropriate rate(s) adjusted to the number of months in the
relevant calendar year since CSD or until the Expiry Date (as
applicable).

Any calculation of the number of qualifying digital households
shall be verified by an independent auditor to be agreed upon by
the parties.
(iii) The aggregate charges payable by the Customer to SES in any year
shall not exceed 6,750,000 USD.

[*confidential treatment requested; omitted portions have been filed
separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission]

B. The Customer shall effect payment of all charges to the bank account
identified by SES in the corresponding invoice.

C. The daily rate of charge to be applied for the purposes of calculating any
refund to be made pursuant to CLAUSE 6 of the Agreement shall be the
aggregate charges payable for the Payment Period in the course of which an
Unavailability occurred divided by the number of

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days contained in said Payment Period

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SCHEDULE VII: PRIORITY AND PRE-EMPTION

A - CUSTOMER STATUS

The Customer shall have the status of: Non-pre-emptible Customer as defined in
PART B below.

B - CATEGORIES OF USE

SES' customers using the ASTRA satellite system shall be accorded (for each
transponder used) priority status as: Protected, Non-Pre-emptible or
Pre-emptible.

1. Protected Customers:

a. will not be subject to pre-emption by other customers;

b. will be entitled to be provided with the use of a back-up transponder
(this will require the pre-emption of Pre-emptible Customer); and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs, in preference to certain other
customers, as set out in PART C below.

2. Non-Pre-emptible Customers:

a. will not be subject to pre-emption themselves;

b. will have no rights of pre-emption themselves; and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs as set out in PART C below.

3. Pre-emptible Customers:

a. have not rights of pre-emption themselves;

b. may have their transponder pre-empted, as set out in PART D below, in
order to provide a back-up transponder to a Protected Customer; and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs, but subject to the rights of
other customers in this Schedule, as set out in PART C below.

C. PRIORITY RULES FOR SPARE TWTAs

As a general rule, Spare TWTAs on the Satellite will be provided on a first
failed/first served basis.

However, in the event of simultaneous transponder failures (or where the
sequences of failures cannot be determined) on the Satellite, and if the number
of failures exceeds the number of available Spare TWTAs, then the following
rules shall apply:

1. Protected Customers have priority over Non-Pre-emptible Customers who, in
turn, have priority over Pre-emptible Customers.

2. Where, pursuant to this Schedule, conflicting rights to Spare TWTAs arise
between customers with the same priority status, priority shall be given in
accordance with the following rules:

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a. customers whose service starts on the Operational Service Date ("OSD
CUSTOMER") shall have priority over those whose service starts at a
date after such Operational Service Date;

b. between OSD Customers, priority shall be determined by reference to
the expiry dates of their contracts so that the customers with the
later dates of expiry have priority over customers with earlier expiry
dates;

c. between OSD Customers whose contracts expire on the same date,
priority shall be determined by reference to the dates on which they
signed contracts for the use of a transponder, so that the customers
who signed earlier have priority over those who signed later;

d. between customers whose services start after the Operational Service
Date ("POST OSD CUSTOMERS"), priority shall be determined by
reference to the customer start dates, so that the customers with
earlier customer start dates shall have priority over customers with
later customer start dates;

e. between Post OSD Customers who have the same customer start dates,
priority shall be determined in the same manner as applicable for OSD
Customers under PARAGRAPH 2(b) and (c) above; and

f. between customers originating from different satellites (i.e.
customers whose initial transponder was located on an ASTRA satellite
other than the Satellite), priority shall be determined by reference
to their respective start date on their respective initial satellite,
so that the customers with earlier customer start dates shall have
priority over customers with later customer start dates.

3. For the purpose of the above rules, (i) the expiry date of a contract
shall, in case of extension of the contract, refer to the extended expiry
date, and (ii) the customer start date refers to the start date of a
customer's initial service and is not affected by any subsequent change of
the service transmitted under a given customer contract.

D. PRE-EMPTION RULES

1. If PART A above provides that the Customer has the status of Pre-emptible
Customer, then the Customer's Transponder shall be pre-emptible on the
terms set out below.

2. a. SES shall have the right to pre-empt the Customer's Transponder to
provide back-up capacity to restore the service of a Protected
Transponder in respect of which SES is contractually bound to provide
back-up capacity at the time pre-emption occurs and if there is no
Spare TWTA that can be used to restore the Protected Transponder's
service.

b. As used herein, "PROTECTED TRANSPONDER" means the transponder of a
Protected Customer on another ASTRA satellite, to be nominated by SES
and notified by SES to the Customer at any time, the protection of
which directly or indirectly requires the pre-emption of the
Customer's Transponder. There may be several Protected Transponders
nominated by SES, provided that each is on a different ASTRA
satellite. SES may increase or reduce the number of Protected
Transponders at any time by giving prior written notice to the
Customer.

3. To Pre-empt the Customer's Transponder:

a. SES will give the Customer at least 24 hours advance warning (by fax
or phone) of

<PAGE> 28
CONFIDENTIAL

such pre-emption save in the event of consecutive failures of a
Protected Transponder, in which case such pre-emption warning may be
shorter, it being understood that SES will keep the Customer informed
of the status of the Protected Transponders affected by such
consecutive failures; and

b. at the expiry of the aforementioned advance warning, SES shall have
the right to forthwith interrupt the transmission of all video and
audio services using the Customer's Transponder and the Customer shall
therefore forthwith, upon SES' request, interrupt the transmission of
the Customer Uplink Signal. SES shall in addition have the right to
interrupt the reception of the Customer Uplink Signals by the
Customer's Transponder.

4. The Customer shall comply diligently with SES' instructions for the purpose
of implementing the pre-emption and shall require the operator of the
Uplink Facilities to do the same.

5. a. If SES pre-empts the Customer's Transponder, then, at that time, SES'
obligation to provide the use of the Customer's Transponder, and the
Customer's obligation to pay the corresponding charge, shall be
suspended. The Agreement shall terminate 30 days after the pre-emption
date unless SES, within this period, restores the Protected
Transponder in respect of which pre-emption was implemented. If such
restoration occurs after this 30 days period, then SES shall offer the
Customer's Transponder back to the Customer on the terms set out in
this Agreement for the outstanding period of Term. The Customer shall
have fifteen (15) days to accept SES' offer.

b. Upon termination of the Agreement pursuant hereto, as the case may be,

i. SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rata temporis portion of
the advance payments made by the Customer pursuant to Schedule VI
and relating to the unexpired portion of the period (in respect
of which the Customer has paid in advance) in progress on the
date of pre-emption; or

ii. the Customer shall pay to SES all outstanding sums owed to SES at
the time of termination.

6. a. The Customer shall fully cooperate with SES for the exercise, by SES,
of its right of pre-emption provided herein and shall not raise any
objection, initiate any legal proceedings against SES or the Protected
Customer benefiting from the pre-emption, or take other steps, to
prevent, delay or obstruct the exercise of this right and the Customer
shall be liable for all damages suffered by SES or such Protected
Customer in connection therewith.

b. The Customer shall not make any claim against SES or the Protected
Customer benefiting from the pre-emption in connection with the
exercise, by SES, of its right of pre-emption and shall indemnify SES
against any related third party claim.

28
<PAGE> 29
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VIII. ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT

29
<PAGE> 30
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE IX: ASIUS

30
<PAGE> 31
ASTRA LOGO

ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF
EARTH STATIONS HAVING ACCESS TO
ASTRA SATELLITES

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<PAGE> 32
CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 1
2. ANTENNA SYSTEM ........................................................ 2
2.1. General ......................................................... 2
2.2. Frequency Range ................................................. 2
2.3. Off-axis Antenna Gain Pattern ................................... 4
2.4. Polarisation .................................................... 4
2.5. Motorisation, Antenna Pointing and Tracking ..................... 4

3. RF EQUIPMENT .......................................................... 5
3.1. Frequency Range and Agility ..................................... 5
3.2. E.i.r.p. Capability ............................................. 5
3.3. Transmitter Inhibit ............................................. 5
3.4. Out-of-Band e.i.r.p. Emission ................................... 6
3.5. Off-axis e.i.r.p. Density ....................................... 6
3.6. Frequency Stability ............................................. 6

4. AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS ................................. 7
4.1. FM TV transmission in FSS and BSS bands ......................... 7
4.2. Digital transmission in FSS and BSS bands ....................... 8
4.3. Group Delay Equalisation ........................................ 9

5. BASEBAND PARAMETERS FOR FM TV TRANSMISSION ............................ 10
5.1. General ......................................................... 10
5.2. PAL Transmission Standard ....................................... 10
5.2.1. Video Signal ............................................. 10
5.2.1.1. Frequency Deviation ............................. 10
5.2.1.2. Energy Dispersal ................................ 10
5.2.1.3. Pre-emphasis .................................... 11
5.2.2. On-line Testing .......................................... 11
5.2.3. Audio Signals ............................................ 11
5.2.3.1. Audio Channel Modes ............................. 11
5.2.3.2. Subcarrier Frequency ............................ 15
5.2.3.3. Subcarrier Bandwidth ............................ 16
5.2.3.4. Subcarrier Modulation Index ..................... 16
5.2.3.5. Analogue Audio .................................. 16
5.2.3.5.1. Analogue Audio Deviation ............. 16
5.2.3.5.2. Analogue Audio Bandwidth ............. 16
5.2.3.5.3. Pre-emphasis ......................... 16
5.2.3.6. Digital Audio ................................... 17
5.2.3.6.1. Sampling Method ...................... 17
5.2.3.6.2. Modulation Method .................... 17
5.2.3.6.3. Auxiliary Data ....................... 17
5.2.3.7. Network Control Carrier ......................... 17
5.2.4. Teletext ................................................. 17
</TABLE>

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<PAGE> 33
CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<S> <C>
6. CHANNEL CODING, MODULATION, MULTIPLEXING AND SOURCE
CODING FOR DIGITAL SERVICES ........................................... 18
6.1. General ......................................................... 18
6.2. Modulation ...................................................... 18
6.2.1. BSS bands ................................................ 18
6.2.2. FSS bands ................................................ 18
6.2.3. Earth Station Degradation ................................ 18
6.3. Channel coding .................................................. 18
6.4. Power Spectrum Density Mask ..................................... 19
6.4.1. BSS Bands ................................................ 19
6.4.2. FSS Bands ................................................ 19
6.5. Multiplexing .................................................... 20
6.5.1. General .................................................. 20
6.5.2. Transport Stream ......................................... 20
6.5.3. Service Information ...................................... 20
6.6. Source Coding ................................................... 21

7. ASTRA SATELLITE INFORMATION ........................................... 22
7.1. ASTRA 1 series .................................................. 22
7.1.1. ASTRA 1 Transponder Frequency Plan ....................... 22
7.2. ASTRA 2 series .................................................. 31
7.2.1. ASTRA 2 Transponder Frequency Plan ....................... 31

8. ORBITAL POSITION/STATION KEEPING ...................................... 35

9. BEACON INFORMATION .................................................... 35
9.1. ASTRA 1A and ASTRA 1B Beacon Details ............................ 36
9.2. ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G and 1H Beacon Details .................. 36
9.3. ASTRA 2A Beacon Details ......................................... 36
9.4. ASTRA 2B Beacon Details ......................................... 37

Annex 1 ..................................................................... 38
MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT) ...................................... 38

</TABLE>

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<PAGE> 34
1. INTRODUCTION

In order to access an ASTRA satellite, approval must first be obtained from
Societe Europeenne des Satellites - SES. The purpose of this approval is to
control the technical parameters of the Uplink Facilities and Customer's Uplink
Signal, to ensure that the following objectives are met:

- -- The desired signal quality and availability are achieved;

- -- Harmful interference is not produced in the other transmissions carried by
any ASTRA spacecraft;

- -- The interference produced in other satellite systems will not exceed the
coordinated levels.

This document outlines the specifications established by SES in order to
achieve those objectives. Access to a specific ASTRA satellite will only be
granted after compliance to the specifications has been demonstrated to the
satisfaction of SES.

In case of contradiction between the ASTRA Access Agreement and the Customer's
Transponder Agreement, the latter shall prevail.

The following definitions are utilised in this document:

OPERATOR -- Person, firm, corporation or other legal entity using an ASTRA
transponder.

SATELLITE CONTROL FACILITY (SCF) -- SES earth station complex located at
Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION FACILITY (DTF) -- Part of the SES earth station complex,
located at Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, in which digital services are
handled.

ANALOGUE NETWORK OPERATIONS CENTRE (NOC) -- The monitor and control centre for
all analogue ASTRA services, located at the SCF. This provides a 24 hour
monitor and control network reporting point for service quality monitoring and
problem resolution for the ASTRA analogue satellites.

DIGITAL NETWORK OPERATIONS CENTRE (DINO) -- The monitor and control centre for
all ASTRA digital services, located at the DTF. This provides a 24 hour monitor
and control network reporting point for service quality monitoring and problem
resolution for the ASTRA digital satellites.

REFERENCE STANDARD EARTH STATION (RSES) -- These stations are highly maintained
up- and downlinks to be used in developing baseline performance standards for
transmission carried by the ASTRA satellites.

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<PAGE> 35
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

REFERENCE STANDARD
SATELLITE EARTH STATION
--------- ------------------
<S> <C>

ASTRA 1A..................BTZ #2
ASTRA 1B..................BTZ #3
ASTRA 1C..................BTZ #4
ASTRA 1D..................BTZ #5
ASTRA 1E..................BTZ #6
ASTRA 1F..................BTZ #10
ASTRA 1G..................BTZ #12
ASTRA 1H..................BTZ #14
ASTRA 2A..................BTZ #13
ASTRA 2B..................BTZ #15

</TABLE>

Table 1. ASTRA Reference Standard Earth Stations

2. ANTENNA SYSTEM

2.1. GENERAL

A dedicated antenna system shall be used for access to any ASTRA satellite.
Simultaneous access to two or more ASTRA satellites by a single antenna system
is not permitted, but it is permitted for one antenna to access a single
spacecraft in both the FSS and BSS bands. By using a dedicated antenna system
as specified herein for a given ASTRA satellite, link performance in terms of
uplink and downlink Carrier/Thermal Noise (C/N) and Carrier/Cross Polar
Interference (C/X) can be maintained.

2.2. FREQUENCY RANGE

The antenna system is required to meet all the specifications set in the next
items operating in the appropriate FSS or BSS frequency range.

The uplink frequency ranges for the different ASTRA satellites (primary and
back-up bands) are shown in the following Table 2.

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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FSS BSS
---------------------------------------------- ----------------
Satellite 12.75-13.25 13.75-14.00 14.00-14.50 17.30-18.10
- --------- ---------------------------------------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASTRA 1A..... A-Band
ASTRA 1B..... B-Band
ASTRA 1C..... C-Band A-Band
ASTRA 1D.....D-Band C-Band B-Band E-Band
ASTRA 1E.....D-Band C-Band B-Band E-Band
ASTRA 1F..... A-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 1G..... G-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 1H..... G-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 2A..... G-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 2B..... G-Band B-Band E-Band F-Band
</TABLE>
TABLE 2. ASTRA UPLINK FREQUENCY BANDS

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<PAGE> 37
2.3 OFF-AXIS ANTENNA GAIN PATTERN

The gain, (expressed in dBi), relative to an isotropic antenna, at any off-axis
angle (-) (expressed in degrees) shall comply with the following:

FREQUENCY RANGE (GHz) GAIN (dBI) ANGULAR RANGE
- --------------------- ---------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
14.00 - 14.50....... G</- 29 - 25 log (-) 1 degree < (-) </- 20 degrees
G</- 32 - 25 log (-) 20 degrees < (-) </- 48 degrees
G</- -10 48 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

12.75 - 13.25....... G</- 29 - 25 log (-) 0.5 degree < (-) </- 36.3 degrees
13.75 - 14.00....... G</- -10 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

17.30 - 18.10....... G</- 29 - 25 log (-) 1 degree < (-) </- 36.3 degrees
G</- -10 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees
</TABLE>

2.4. POLARISATION

The ASTRA satellites employ dual linear orthogonal polarisation. The antenna
polarisation angle will be set with SES during service line-up, following the
appropriate procedure established by the NOC and the DINO. The cross-polarised
signal component transmitted by the antenna shall be as specified below:

FSS band: 30 dB
BSS band: 35 db

2.5. MOTORISATION, ANTENNA POINTING AND TRACKING

Permanent uplink antennas shall be motorised in both azimuth and elevation to
enable rapid repointing in case of necessity, and to facilitate accurate antenna
pattern measurements.

Further, the utilisation of a suitable tracking system is recommended in order
to meet the e.i.r.p. stability requirement specified in the following section
3.2. The tracking system design shall be based on the ASTRA satellite station
keeping and beacon frequency parameters, which are presented in sections 8 and 9
respectively. It shall guarantee the clear sky polarisation value specified in
the previous section 2.4.

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<PAGE> 38
3. RF EQUIPMENT

The RF equipment, including any redundant equipment, is required to meet all
the specifications set out in the following sections 3.1 to 3.6.

3.1. FREQUENCY RANGE AND AGILITY

It shall be possible to set the carrier centre frequency to within +/- 125 kHz.

3.2. E.I.R.P. CAPABILITY

The e.i.r.p. will be established by SES based on the utilised channel and on
the uplink geographical location.

It is expected that SES may request changes in the earth station e.i.r.p.
during the course of the contract, to account for changes in the transponder
performance over its lifetime, utilisation of redundant units or utilisation of
a different transponder.

The uplink e.i.r.p. stability shall be equal to or better than +/- 0.5 dB
including antenna pointing and tracking errors.

Means shall be provided to allow adjustment of the carrier level to within 0.5
dB of the specified value.

3.3. TRANSMITTER INHIBIT

Operators accessing ASTRA satellites may be required by the NOC or the DINO to
shut down a transmission in the case where it is producing harmful interference
into other transmissions. Shut down of a transmission may also be required to
allow the switching into operation of redundant units in the satellite.

In order to comply with this requirement, the Operator shall provide continuous
manning of the uplink site or a remote control system to another location which
will be manned continuously.

The transmitter shall utilise a system which automatically inhibits the
transmission of a chain upon the detection of failure conditions such as loss of
phase lock on an upconverter or excessive HPA transmit power. This system may
also be designed to, alternatively, switch the transmission to a stand-by chain.

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<PAGE> 39
3.4. OUT-OF-BAND e.i.r.p. EMISSION

Earth station out-of-band emissions are additional sources of interference for
other carriers utilising ASTRA transponders. The two contributions to
out-of-band e.i.r.p. emission are spurious output and intermodulation products.
Note that the specification applies across all ASTRA uplink bands (both FSS and
BSS) for all stations. The specified limits for these two contributions are
the following:

- -- The out-of-band on-axis e.i.r.p. emissions in the 12.75 - 13.25, 13.75 -
14.50, and 17.30 - 18.10 GHz bands, resulting from spurious output, must not
exceed 4.0 dBW/4 kHz;

- -- The out-of-band on-axis e.i.r.p. emissions in the 12.75 - 13.25, 13.75 -
14.50, and 17.30 - 18.10 GHz bands, resulting from intermodulation
products, must not exceed 12.0 dBW/4 kHz.

3.5. OFF-AXIS e.i.r.p. DENSITY

This parameter has a direct impact on the interference produced in other
satellite systems. In order to keep this interference within acceptable levels,
the earth station must comply with the following e.i.r.p. limits. The off-axis
angle, (-), is referred to the main lobe axis, in degrees.

For the frequency range 14.00-14.50 GHz, based on ITU-R Report 1001:

35 - 25log (-) dBW/40 kHz for 2.5 degrees </- (-) </- 48 degrees
-7 dBW/40 kHz for 48 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

For the frequency range 12.75 - 13.25 GHz based on the ITU Appendix 30B planned
limits (averaged over the necessary bandwidth of 26 MHz):

-25 - 25log (-) dBw/Hz for 0.5 degrees </- (-) </- 36.3 degrees
-64 dBW/Hz for 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

For the frequency range 13.75 - 14.00 GHz, the antenna must fully comply with
the antenna specification (section 2.3).

For the frequency range 17.30 - 18.10 GHz, the input power to the antenna
shall not exceed 30 dBW in a single transponder, and the antenna must conform
fully with the antenna specification (section 2.3).

3.6. FREQUENCY STABILITY

The RF frequency tolerance of the transmitted carrier shall be equal to or
better than +/- 150 kHz, long and short term stability.

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<PAGE> 40
4. AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS

4.1. FM TV TRANSMISSION IN FSS AND BSS BANDS

The earth station IF uplink filter shall be provided in the uplink chain and
shall conform to the amplitude limits shown in Figure 4.1.1.

The group delay produced by transmit earth station IF and RF equipment -
including the up-converter, IF filter, HPA, RF filter combiners, feed and
transmission lines - shall be equalised to the limits given in Figure 4.1.2.

[FIGURE 146A]

FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dB)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A B C D a b c d
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
20.2 25.2 28.9 40.0 0.2 2.2 8.3 25.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------

</TABLE>
Figure 4.1.1. IF UPLINK FILTER AMPLITUDE RESPONSE

[FIGURE 146B]

FREQUENCY (MHz) GROUP DELAY (ns)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A/3 A H f g h
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
6.7 20.2 24.6 2.0 3.0 12.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Figure 4.1.2. IF UPLINK GROUP DELAY RESPONSE

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<PAGE> 41
4.2. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION IN FSS AND BSS BANDS

For the FSS or BSS transmit channel from upconverter input to antenna output,
the total amplitude and group delay distortions shall not exceed the values
specified in Table 4.2.1.

FSS BSS
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Frequency (MHz)................. 26 30 33 39
Amplitude variation (dBpp)...... 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7
Group delay variation (nspp).... 6.0 8.0 6.0 8.0
</TABLE>
Table 4.2.1 AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS

In the case where an RF channel filter network is used, the amplitude and group
delay masks specified in Figure 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 shall be met from the HPA
output to the antenna output.

(FIGURE 47)

BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dB)
- ---- --------------------------- ----------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A B C a b c
---- ---- ----- ---- ---- ----
FSS 26 30 114 0.25 0.35 35
BSS 33 39 123
</TABLE>
Figure 4.2.1. RF CHANNEL FILTER AMPLITUDE RESPONSE

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<PAGE> 42
[FIGURE 46]

BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) GROUP DELAY (ns)
--------------- ----------------
A B a b
------- ------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FSS 26 30
3.5 5.0
BSS 33 39

</TABLE>
Figure 4.2.2. RF CHANNEL GROUP DELAY MASK

4.3. GROUP DELAY EQUALISATION

Equalisation capability shall be provided at the earth station for intrinsic
group delay in the earth station transmit equipment and for group delay in the
satellite transponder.

The maximum range of satellite group delay to be equalised at the earth
station is given below:

- -- Linear : +/-1.0 ns/MHz

- -- Parabolic : 0.5 ns/MHz(2)

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<PAGE> 43
5. BASEBAND PARAMETERS FOR FM TV TRANSMISSION

5.1. GENERAL

In general the baseband television signal parameters defined shall be designed
in accordance with the relevant definitions and standards for that system and as
authorised by SES.

5.2. PAL TRANSMISSION STANDARD

5.2.1. VIDEO SIGNAL

The transmitted video signal shall correspond to that of ITU-R Report 624-4 and
Recommendation 472-3, using PAL values with a maximum video signal bandwidth of
5 MHz.

A lowpass filter at the video input to the modulator shall reject any signal
above 6 MHz by at least 40 dB. Up to 5 MHz this filter shall have a group delay
ripple of less than +/-20 ns.

The following items present information concerning the basis modulation
parameters.

5.2.1.1. FREQUENCY DEVIATION

The utilised peak-to-peak frequency deviation for the video signal shall be 16
MHz/V, assuming the difference between white and black levels to be 0.7 V.

5.2.1.2. ENERGY DISPERSAL

The earth station shall be equipped to add to the TV signal a fixed amplitude
symmetrical triangular waveform, phase locked to the video frame rate, capable
of producing the specified peak-to-peak deviation of the television carrier.
The utilised frequency of that waveform shall be 25 Hz.

The energy dispersal waveform shall be applied automatically and produce the
following peak-to-peak deviation of the TV carrier:

-- In the presence of a modulating signal: 2.0 MHz

-- In the absence of a modulating signal: 4.0 MHz

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5.2.1.3. PRE-EMPHASIS

The utilised pre-emphasis network shall be that defined in the ITU-R
Recommendation 405-1 (625 lines).

5.2.2. ON-LINE TESTING

In order to enable service performance monitoring while on-line transmission is
present, vertical interval test signals (VITS) shall be inserted on the
transmitted baseband video signal. These signals are based on ITU-R
Recommendation 473-5, as depicted in Figures 5.2.2.1 - 5.2.2.3 and shall
utilise one of the following VITS line modes:

TEST SIGNAL LINE LINE LINE
----------- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CCIR 17.............. 17 18 19
CCIR 18.............. 18 or 19 or 20
CCIR 330............. 330 331 332
CCIR 331............. 331 332 333
</TABLE>

In addition line 22 shall always be used as a "quiet" line to allow the
measurement of end-to-end signal/noise ratio or for other purposes specified by
SES.

5.2.3. AUDIO SIGNALS

5.2.3.1. AUDIO CHANNEL MODES

The TV carrier shall (normally) be supplemented by a number of audio channels.
The following sections describe the various subcarrier configurations that may
be used for the transmission of audio channels for both TV-related and non
TV-related applications.

Only those subcarriers specified in the Customer's Transponder Agreement shall
be utilised and only subcarrier modulation equipment approved by SES shall be
employed.

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<PAGE> 45
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CHARACTERISTICS MEASURED WAVEFORM USED LINE NUMBER
------------------------ ------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Linear distortions

Insertion gain........B(2) Bar 17 and 330
Amplitude/frequency
response............C(2) and C(1) Multiburst 18
Line-time waveform
distortion..........B(2) Bar 17 and 330
Short-time waveform
distortion:
step response.....B(2) Bar 17 and 330
pulse response....B(1) 2T 17 and 330

Chrominance-luminance
gain inequality.....B(2) and G(1), or G(2) Bar & Subcarr. 17 and 330, 331
B(2) and F Bar & 20T 17

Chrominance-luminance
delay inequality....F 20T 17

Non-linear distortions

Luminance line-time
non-linearity.......D(1) Staircase 17
Chrominance
non-linearity.......G(2) 3Step Subcarr. 331
Luminance-Chrominance
intermodulation:
-- differential
gain...........D(2) Modulated 330
-- differential
phase..........D(2) and E Staircase 330, 331
Chrominance-luminance
intermodulation.....B(2) and G(1) or G(2) Bar & Subcarr. 17, 331
</TABLE>
Table from CCITT-Rec N. 67
Figure 5.2.2.1 VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

[FIGURE 52B]

Figure 5.2.2.2. VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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[FIGURE 53A]

[FIGURE 53B]

Figure 5.2.2.3. VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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5.2.3.2. SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY

The audio subcarriers shall utilise only the frequencies presented in Table
5.2.3.2.1. and shall only be used in the manner indicated in the column "Type",
and in accordance with Section 5.2.3.1.

Type Frequency (MHz)
---- ---------------
<S> <C>
Digital Only........................6.12@

Digital Only........................6.30@

Digital Only........................6.48@

Digital Only........................6.66@

Digital Only........................6.84@

TV sound (A:L/M)........................7.02

TV sound (A:R/M)........................7.20

D or A (L/M)..........................7.38

D or A (R/M)..........................7.58

D or A (L/M)..........................7.74

D or A (R/M) ........................7.92

Digital Only........................8.10*

Digital Only........................8.28*

Digital Only........................8.46#

Low Speed Data for network control...........8.595#
</TABLE>

Table 5.2.3.2.1. SUBCARRIERS FREQUENCIES

A = analogue companded system with Panda(R)-I parameters.
D = digital stereo 192 kbit/s QPSK signal using ISO 11172-3 Layer II parameters.
L = left stereo R = right stereo M = mono
* - Frequency tolerance of +/-0.005 MHz for all subcarriers
@ - As an option, these five subcarriers may be replaced by a single
non-companded analogue subcarrier at 6.50 MHz used for mono TV sound.
+ - These subcarriers may only be used if subcarriers 7.74 and 7.92 MHz are
digital.
# - In some applications the use of this subcarrier may be restricted to
prevent degradation of the picture quality.
(R) - Panda is a registered trademark of WEGENER Communications Inc.

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5.2.3.3. SUBCARRIER BANDWIDTH

A 130 kHz nominal bandwidth shall be utilised for all the analogue companded or
digital audio subcarriers. In the case of the non-companded mono subcarrier,
the nominal bandwidth of the modulated signal shall be 200 kHz.

5.2.3.4. SUBCARRIER MODULATION INDEX

The modulation index of the subcarrier, BETAscx, is given by the following
expression:
BETAsc = DELTAsc/Fsc

Where BETAscx is the peak deviation produced by the subcarrier in the TV carrier
and Fsc is the frequency of the subcarrier, both DELTAsc and Fsc being given in
MHz.

For the analogue companded subcarriers, a modulation index of 0.15 shall be
utilised. For the digital audio subcarriers, a modulation index of 0.12 shall
be utilised. For the network control subcarrier (8.595 MHz) a modulation index
of 0.10 shall be utilised. In the case of the non-companded mono subcarrier a
modulation index of 0.26 shall be utilised.

5.2.3.5. ANALOGUE AUDIO

5.2.3.5.1. ANALOGUE AUDIO DEVIATION

The peak frequency deviation produced by a 9 dBm0 test tone on the analogue
companded subcarriers shall be +/- 50 kHz. In the case of the non-companded mono
subcarrier, a 9 dBm0 test tone shall produce a peak frequency deviation of
+/- 85 kHz.

5.2.3.5.2. ANALOGUE AUDIO BANDWIDTH

All the analogue audio channels shall provide an audio baseband ranging from
20 Hz to 15 kHz.

5.2.3.5.3. PRE-EMPHASIS

The analogue companded subcarriers shall utilise 75 mu's together with an
adaptive pre-emphasis compatible with the WEGENER Communications Panda(R)-I
system. The pre-emphasis time constant of the non-companded audio subcarrier
shall be 50 mu's.

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5.2.3.6. DIGITAL AUDIO

The digital audio subcarriers shall utilise ISO 11172-3 Layer II coding system
to achieve a CD quality stereo channel and shall conform with the SES document
"ASTRA DIGITAL RADIO (ADR)".

5.2.3.6.1. SAMPLING METHOD

The analogue stereo signal input shall be sampled at a rate of 48 ksamples/s.
Compression based on the ISO 11172-3 Layer II algorithm shall then be performed
to generate a 192 kbit/s digital stereo signal.

5.2.3.6.2. MODULATION METHOD

The digital audio signals shall be modulated using the differential QPSK method,
with a convolutional code of rate 3/4, with constraint length 7, CCITT V.35
scrambling shall be employed. An appropriate filter mask shall be applied in the
modulator to limit the bandwidth to the same value as for an analogue companded
subcarrier.

5.2.3.6.3. AUXILIARY DATA

The format of any auxiliary data in the ISO 11172-3 Layer II data stream shall
be agreed by SES in writing.

5.2.3.7. NETWORK CONTROL CARRIER

The maximum data rate shall be 14.4 kbits/s using asynchronous FSK modulation.
The modulation index shall be 0.10.

5.2.4. Teletext

The Teletext signal shall conform to the specifications for Teletext System B as
defined in ITU-R Recommendation 653, for the case of a 625/50 television system.

THE VBI (VERTICAL BLANKING INTERVAL) SHALL NOT BE USED FOR TRANSMISSION OF ANY
OTHER TYPE OF INFORMATION OR SIGNAL WITHOUT PREVIOUS AUTHORISATION IN WRITING
FROM SES.

Teletext signals shall only be inserted between lines 7 and 21 inclusive (and
the corresponding lines in the second field) other than on those lines used for
VITS test signals as specified in paragraph 5.2.2 unless specifically approved
in writing by SES.

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6. CHANNEL CODING, MODULATION, MULTIPLEXING AND SOURCE CODING FOR DIGITAL
SERVICES

6.1 GENERAL

Channel coding and modulation equipment shall conform to the following
specifications:

ETS 300 421

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite
services.

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

The transmitted RF carrier spectrum shall not be inverted with respect to the
modulator output spectrum. The phase accuracy at the modulator output shall be
+/-2 degrees. The amplitude accuracy at the modulator output shall be +/-0.2 dB.

6.2. MODULATION

6.2.1. BSS BANDS

The modulation shall be QPSK at a transmission bit rate of 55.0 Mbit/s, in order
to operate with a single carrier at a fixed symbol rate of 27.5 Msym/s.

6.2.2. FSS BANDS

The modulation shall be QPSK at a transmission bit rate of 44.0 Mbit/s, in order
to operate with a single carrier at a fixed symbol rate of 22.0 Msym/s.

6.2.3. EARTH STATION DEGRADATION

The E6/No degradation (for the case of FEC 3/4 and BER = 10(7) caused by the
earth station equipment shall be less than 0.5 dB. This value shall be verified
in a station loop including baseband, IF and RF equipment of the uplink and
downlink chain.

6.3. CHANNEL CODING

Forward Error Correction (FEC) shall conform to the specifications given in
section 6.1 and shall permit the use of one or more of the following FEC ratios:
1/2, 2/3, 3/4 or (in the case of FSS 26 MHz bandwidth) 5/6.

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6.4. POWER SPECTRUM DENSITY MASK

6.4.1. BSS BANDS

To avoid adjacent channel interference, the RF spectrum at the output of the
power amplifier of the earth station shall not exceed the tolerance mask shown
in Fig. 6.4.1. It may be necessary to operate the power amplifier in back-off
mode in order to achieve this specification.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Frequency Offset (+/-) Amplitude
(MHz) (dB)
- ---------------------- ---------
<S> <C>
0 - 19.50 0.0 (FIGURE 58A)
19.50 - 29.25 -25.0
>/- 40.00 -40.0
</TABLE>
Figure 6.4.1. BSS POWER SPECTRUM MASK

6.4.2. FSS BANDS

To avoid adjacent channel interference, the RF spectrum at the output of the
power amplifier of the earth station shall not exceed the tolerance mask shown
in Fig. 6.4.2. It may be necessary to operate the power amplifier in back-off
mode in order to achieve this specification.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Frequency Offset (+/-) Amplitude
(MHz) (dB)
- ---------------------- ---------
<S> <C>
0 - 14.75 0.0 (FIGURE 58B)
14.75 - 22.50 -25.0
>/- 30.00 -40.0
</TABLE>
Figure 6.4.2. BSS POWER SPECTRUM MASK

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6.5. MULTIPLEXING

6.5.1. GENERAL

Multiplexing of video, audio, and data signals shall conform to the following
specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-1
Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 1: Systems).

ETR 154
Digital broadcasting systems for television; implementation guidelines
for the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

6.5.2. Transport Stream

The Transport Stream (excluding error correcting code overhead) shall operate
at one of the following bit rates, dependent on the FEC to be used:

TRANSPORT STREAM BIT RATE
FEC RATIO (MBIT/S)
--------- -------------------------
BSS FSS
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
1/2 .......... 25.34 20.27
2/3 .......... 33.79 27.03
3/4 .......... 38.01 30.41
5/6 .......... n.a. 33.79
</TABLE>

6.5.3. SERVICE INFORMATION

Service Information shall conform to the following specifications:

ETS 300 458
Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data
services: Specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video
Broadcasting (DVB) systems.

ETR 211
Digital broadcasting systems for television; implementation guidelines
for the use of MPEG-2 systems; Guidelines on implementation and usage
of service information.

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It is further required to receive the original ASTRA NETWORK
INFORMATION TABLE (NIT) uplinked from Betzdorf and to re-transmit this
table in intervals of at least 10 seconds on each locally uplinked
ASTRA transponder.

The last version of the original NIT should be kept in memory. This
ensures an uninterrupted availability of the NIT in case the original
NIT cannot be received.

By means of the local Service information editing station, the
transponder specific parts of the NIT can be modified/updated at any time.

A MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT) has been defined to provide a
mechanism for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency
of all multiplexes to the central Network Operations Centre at Betzdorf.

The local uplinks should generate such MDT in the case a service
failure occurs for longer than 10 seconds, i.e. if a service
component (video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) or a Service
information component (NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) is missing.

This involves that the local encoders signal corresponding failure
information to the local multiplex controller that shall generate the
MDT. After the failure has been eliminated, the local uplink stops
transmitting the MDT.

Details on the Multiplex Diagnostic Table concept can be found in
Annex 1.

In addition it is recommended that a transmitted Service Description
Table (SDT) includes the service information about all services on
the respective transponder on which it is transmitted, and that an
Event Information Table (EIT) includes the event information about
all present and following events for all services on the respective
transponder.

6.6 SOURCE CODING

Source coding of video and audio signals shall conform to the
following specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-2/-3

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 2:
Video and Part 3: Audio).

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation
guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in
satellite and cable broadcasting applications.

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7. ASTRA SATELLITE INFORMATION

7.1. ASTRA 1 SERIES

Presently, there are six ASTRA satellites (ASTRA 1A to 1F) at the orbital
position of 19.2 degrees East. In the middle of 1997, ASTRA 1G will be added to
fill the available frequency spectrum at 19.2 degrees East. ASTRA 1G is SES'
seventh satellite to be co-positioned at 19.2 degrees East. Adding 16
transponders, the spacecraft will increase the digital transmission capacity on
that position to 120 transponders.

The eight satellite at the 19.2 degrees East orbital position, ASTRA 1H will be
launched to provide backup capability for the other satellites at that position.

7.1.1. ASTRA 1 TRANSPONDER FREQUENCY PLAN

Figures 7.1.a. to 7.1.g. present the ASTRA 1 satellite system frequency plans.
All transponders are linearly polarised, utilising the polarisation scheme
presented in Table 7.1. The two polarisations are orthogonal to each other and
the horizontal polarisation has a counter-clockwise rotation of 7.5 degrees
relative to the orbit plane, as viewed from the satellite.

TRANSPONDER UPLINK DOWNLINK
- ----------- ---------- ----------
Odd................. Vertical Horizontal
Even................ Horizontal Vertical
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 7.1. -- ASTRA 1 TRANSPONDER POLARISATION SCHEME

All the ASTRA 1 satellites provide four different downlink coverage modes, as
detailed in Tables 7.1.a. to 7.1.b. These four modes provide different coverage,
concentrating more downlink power in different regions of Europe.

SATELLITE ASTRA 1A ASTRA 1B ASTRA 1C ASTRA 1D
--------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
MODE TRANSPONDER
---- -----------

Horizontal 1.. 1, 5, 9, 13 17, 21, 25, 29 33, 37, 41, 45 49, 53, 57, 61

Horizontal 2.. 3, 7, 11, 15 19, 23, 27, 31 35, 39, 43, 47, 63 51, 55, 59, 63

Vertical 1.... 4, 8, 12, 16 20, 24, 28, 32 36, 40, 44, 48, 64 52, 56, 60, 64

Vertical 2.... 2, 6, 10, 14 18, 22, 26, 30 34, 38, 42, 46 50, 54, 58, 62

Table 7.1.a. -- ASTRA 1A to 1D DOWNLINK

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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

SATELLITE ASTRA 1E ASTRA 1F ASTRA 1G
- --------- -------- -------- --------
MODE TRANSPONDER
---- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>

Horizontal+..... 65, 69, 73, 77, 81 85, 89, 93, 97, 101 105, 109, 113, 117

Horizontal-..... 67, 71, 75, 79 83, 87, 91, 95, 99, 103 107, 111, 115, 119

Vertical-....... 68, 72, 76, 80 84, 88, 92, 96, 100, 104 108, 112, 116, 120

Vertical+....... 66, 70, 74, 78, 82 86, 90, 94, 98, 102 106, 110, 114, 118

</TABLE>

Table 7.1.b. - ASTRA 1E to 1G DOWNLINK

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(FIGURE 63)

Figure 7.1 a A-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 58

(FIGURE 64)

Figure 7.1 b B-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 59

(FIGURE 65)

Figure 7.1 c C-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 60

(FIGURE 66)

Figure 7.1 d D-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 61

(FIGURE 67)

Figure 7.1 e E-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 62

(FIGURE 68)

FIGURE 7.1 l F-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 63

(FIGURE 69)

FIGURE 7.1 g G-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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7.2. ASTRA 2 SERIES

As of autumn 1997, a second orbital position at 28.2 degrees East will be
activated with the deployment of ASTRA 2A. A second satellite, ASTRA 2B, will
be co-located at 28.2 degrees East in late 1998.

ASTRA 2A will have 28 active Ku-band transponders (32 for the first five years)
operating in the Broadcast Satellite Services frequency band (11.70 - 12.50
GHz), powered by 100 Watt travelling-wave tube amplifiers.

ASTRA 2B will provide up to 28 highpower Ku-band transponders (30 for the first
five years) with an output of 108 Watt each. All transponders can operate over
Europe and a steerable antenna offers the capability for up to 16 transponders
in the 12.50 - 12.75 GHz frequency range to be activated within any area of the
earth visible from 28.2 degrees East.

Co-located at 28.2 degrees East, the two spacecraft will provide SES with a
total of 56 transponders in the frequency range 11.70 - 12.75 GHz for digital
broadcasts at the second ASTRA orbital position.

7.2.1. ASTRA 2 TRANSPONDER FREQUENCY PLAN

Figures 7.2.a. and 7.2.b. present the ASTRA 2 satellite frequency plans. All
transponders are linearly polarised, utilising the polarisation scheme presented
in Table 7.2. The two polarisations are orthogonal to each other and the
horizontal polarisation has a counter-clockwise rotation of 7.5 degrees relative
to the orbit plane, as viewed from the satellite.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TRANSPONDER UPLINK DOWNLINK
- ----------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Odd................. Vertical Horizontal
Even................ Horizontal Vertical
</TABLE>

Table 7.2. -- ASTRA 2 TRANSPONDER POLARISATION SCHEME

All the ASTRA 2 satellites provide four different downlink coverage modes, as
detailed in Table 7.2.a. These four modes provide different coverage,
concentrating more downlink power in different regions of Europe.

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<PAGE> 65
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

SATELLITE ASTRA 2A ASTRA 2B
----------------------------- ---------------------------- --------------------------
TRANSPONDER
----------------------------------------------------------
POL. BEAM E-BAND F-BAND F-BAND G-BAND
--------- ------ ------------- ---------- --------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal .......... South 1, 5, 9, 13, 17 21, 25 29, 33, 37 41, 45, 49, 53
Horizontal .......... North 3, 7, 11, 15 19, 23, 27 31, 35, 39 43, 47, 51, 55
Vertical ............ South 2, 6, 10, 14, 18 22, 26 30, 34, 38 42, 46, 50, 54
Vertical ............ North 4, 8, 12, 16 20, 24, 28 32, 36, 40 44, 48, 52, 56

</TABLE>
TABLE 7.2.a. - ASTRA 2A and 2B DOWNLINK

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<PAGE> 66

(FIGURE 72)

FIGURE 7.2a ASTRA 2A FREQUENCY PLAN

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(FIGURE 73)

FIGURE 7.2b ASTRA 2B FREQUENCY PLAN

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8. ORBITAL POSITION / STATION KEEPING

The nominal orbital position of the ASTRA 1 satellites is 19.2 degrees East. The
orbital position of the ASTRA 2 satellites is 28.2 degrees East.

Under normal operating conditions SES will maintain the ASTRA satellites within
the following station-keeping box:

+/-0.10 degrees North/South
+/-0.10 degrees East/West.

9. BEACON INFORMATION

The following table shows the beacon frequencies (MHz) for the different
spacecraft:

Vertical Horizontal
-------- ----------
ASTRA 1A........... 11203.0 11446.5

ASTRA 1B........... 11453.5 11696.5

ASTRA 1C........... 11451.0 11448.5

ASTRA 1D........... 11454.0 11447.5

ASTRA 1E........... 11202.0 11948.5

ASTRA 1F........... 11201.0 10946.5

ASTRA 1G........... 11701.0 11669.0

ASTRA 1H........... 11707.0 11693.5

ASTRA 2A........... 11706.0 11694.5

ASTRA 2B........... 11708.0

11710.0

TABLE 9.1 BEACON FREQUENCIES (MHz)

At least one beacon will always be operational per spacecraft.

The beacon frequency stability is 1 ppm per day. Under normal operating
conditions the minimum beacon e.i.r.p. on any spacecraft shall be 16 dBW. For
the design of suitable tracking antenna systems, the following information
regarding the appropriate ASTRA ranging and telemetry characteristics shall be
used as a baseline.

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9.1. ASTRA 1A AND ASTRA 1B BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to both ASTRA 1A and ASTRA 1B.

PCM Telemetry : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by PCM (Biphase L)
telemetry to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1 radians. Data rate
is 1 kbit/s.

Analog Telemetry : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by frequency modulated
14.5 kHz subcarrier to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1 radians.

Ranging : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by ranging signals
at 19 kHz or 27.777 kHz to a peak deviation of
1.0+/-0.1 radians.

Ranging + PCM
Telemetry : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by composite
ranging signals at 19 kHZ or 27.777 kHz together with PCM
telemetry data signal to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1
radians. In absence of ranging signals, the deviation of PCM
data alone is 0.5+/-0.05 radians.

There are four ranging tones. The first three ranging tones at 35.43 Hz,
283.45 Hz and 3968.25 Hz serially frequency modulate the 19 kHz subcarrier.
The fourth ranging tone is at 27.777 kHz.

9.2. ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H AND 2A BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to the beacons on ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G,
1H and 2A.

During PCM-mode, the beacon is phase modulated (PM) by a telemetry subcarrier
with a subcarrier frequency of 32 kHz and a modulation index of 1.25+/-0.15
radians. The subcarrier is biphase modulated by telemetry data.

During ranging mode, the 32 kHz subcarrier is switched off and the beacon is
phase modulated by sequences of 4 ranging tones with a modulation index of
1.00+/-0.15 radians.

9.4. ASTRA 2B BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to the beacons on ASTRA 2B.

During PCM mode, the beacon is phase modulated (PM) by a telemetry subcarrier
with a subcarrier frequency of 32 kHz and a peak modulation index of 1.5
radians. The subcarrier is coherent PSK modulated by telemetry data.

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During ranging mode, the 32 kHz subcarrier is switched off and the beacon is
phase modulated by a ranging tone, which itself is modulated by an ambiguity
resolution code. The peak modulation index during ranging is 0.7 radians.

During simultaneous PCM and ranging on the TM downlink signal, the PCM-modulated
32 kHz subcarrier and ranging tone are combined into one baseband signal, which
modulates the main carrier with max, effective modulation indices of 1.4 radians
for the PCM-signal and 0.4 radians for the ranging tone.

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ANNEX 1

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

1 INTRODUCTION

In a digital broadcast environment with a multitude of services there is a need
for highly automated means to monitor and subsequently to provide information
(e.g. failure messages) about the availability of services as well as of service
components such as video, audio and subtitling and a Service Information tables.

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport mechanism,
the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined. This system will serve
for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all DVB/MPEG-2
multiplexes on ASTRA to the central Digital Network Operations Centre (DINO) of
Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES).

2 FUNCTIONALITY

MDTs can be generated at any point in the transmission chain to signal missing
streams (e.g. video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) of Service Information
components (e.g. NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) within a multiplex. As the underlying
concept of the MDT system is to detect and signal failures at the point where
they are generated, the system supervisor of the DVB/MPEG-2 encoding,
multiplexing and modulation equipment should monitor the correct functioning of
all equipment modules and should generate an MDT in the case a service failure
occurs for longer than 10 seconds.

MDTs shall then be periodically transmitted every 10 seconds until the failure
is fixed. In addition to faulty equipment modules also missing input streams can
be identified by subsequent modules in the transmission chain which then
generate corresponding MDTs.

This principle will be applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO
which can not only receive and extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but
also can generate MDTs in the case e.g. Service Information components are
missing. All MDTs are being fed via the ASTRA Service Information Update System
(ASIUS) into the Service Availability System (SAS) of the Digital Network
Operations Centre. Upon reception of an MDT an alert is initiated by the DINO
computer system which then enables the operator to act appropriately based on
detailed transponder specific diagnostic information provided together with the
alert message.

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3 SYNTAX OF THE MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

The syntax of the MDT is conforming to the one defined in the standard ISO/IEC
13818-1 for the definition of private sections.

As defined in that standard, private data may be sent in transport stream
packets with PID not listed in the Program Map Table sections.

Therefore, Multiplex Diagnostic Tables shall be carried on PID 0x1FFD using the
normal payload unit start indicator/pointer field mechanism described in the
standard ISO/IEC 13818-1. This PID shall not be used for any other purpose on
the ASTRA Satellite Network. A MDT must be inserted in maximum one Transport
Stream Packet resulting in a maximum table size of 184 bytes.

<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
multiplex diagnostic section()[
table id................................. 8 uimsbf
section syntax indicator................. 1 bslbf
SES reserved............................. 1 bslbf
ISO reserved............................. 2 bslbf
section length........................... 12 uimsbf
transport stream id...................... 16 uimsbf
original network id...................... 16 uimsbf
MDT version number....................... 4 uimsbf
Fault source............................. 12 uimsbf
Fault type............................... 16 uimsbf
for (l=0;i<N;i++)[
Fault major....................... 16 uimsbf
Fault minor....................... 16 uimsbf
]
</TABLE>

TABLE ID = 0xB0

SECTION SYNTAX INDICATOR = 0

SES RESERVED = 1

SECTION LENGTH: This is a 12 bit field, the first two bits of which shall be
"00". It specifies the number of bytes of the section, starting immediately
following the section length field. The section length shall not exceed 181
bytes so that the entire section has a maximum length of 184 bytes.

TRANSPORT STREAM ID: This is a 16 bit field which serves as a label to identify
the transport stream where the error or warning has occurred.

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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ORIGINAL NETWORK ID: This 16 bit field gives the label identifying the
network id of the originating delivery system of the transport stream where the
error or warning has occurred.

MDT VERSION NUMBER: This 4 bit field identifies the version number of the MDT
structure. Currently, the MDT version number shall be set to "0".

FAULT SOURCE: This is a code that, together with the transport stream id and
the original network id, identifies the origin of the failure. Fault source
values can be defined by the operator of the transport stream within the ranges
defined in Table 1.

FAULT TYPE: This 16 bit field identifies the basic type of errors or warnings.
Only values described in Table 2 are defined. In every MDT section only one
Fault type shall be listed resulting in only one basic type of error or warning
per MDT.

FAULT MAJOR: This 16 bit field provides more detailed information about the
errors or warnings as defined by the Fault type. Depending on the value of the
Fault type, the Fault major has different meanings. Currently, only the values
given in Table 4 and 5 are defined. If for a Fault type no Fault major code is
defined, the loop within the MDT shall be empty. If for a Fault type several
Fault major codes are defined the loop may contain more than one of these codes.
In case of missing components of a service (Fault type = 0x0100) the Fault major
code is equal to the service id of this service.

FAULT MINOR: This field provides additional information about the error or
warning as described by the combination of Fault type and Fault major. If no
Fault minor code is defined for a Fault major code, the Fault minor field shall
be present and all bits shall be set to "1". For the time being Fault minor is
only defined for Fault type = 0x0100 (Component of service missing) as
described in Table 3. In that case the service id of the service comprising the
missing component is defined in the Fault major field and the missing component
is defined in the Fault minor field.

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TABLE 1: FAULT SOURCE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT SOURCE RANGE DESCRIPTION
0x0000 UNDEFINED
------------------ -----------
<S> <C>
0x0001,...,0x0064 SI-editing & controller
0x0065,...,0x01F4 Audio encoder
0x01F5,...,0x0226 Video encoder
0x0227,...,0x03B6 Data inserter
0x03B7,...,0x03E8 CA system
0x03E9,...,0x041A Multiplexer
0x041B,...,0x044C Re-multiplexer
0x044D,...,0x047E Modulator
0x047F,...,0x060E Decoder
0x060F,...,0x064O Network termination
0x0641,...,0x0A00 ASTRA reserved
0x0A01,...,0x0FFF User defined

</TABLE>

TABLE 2: FAULT TYPE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT TYPE DESCRIPTION
0x0000 UNDEFINED
---------- -----------
<S> <C>
0x0001 NIT missing
0x0002 SDT missing
0x0004 EIT missing
0x0008 TDT missing
0x0009 PAT missing
0x000A CAT missing
0x0100 Component of service missing
Other fault type <= 0x0800 ASTRA reserved
Fault type > 0x0800 User defined
</TABLE>

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TABLE 3: FAULT MINOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0100 (COMPONENT MISSING)
(FAULT MAJOR SPECIFIES THE SERVICE ID OF THE SERVICE WITH MISSING COMPONENTS.)

FAULT MINOR
IF FAULT TYPE = 0x0100 DESCRIPTION
---------------------- -----------
0x0001 Video component missing
0x0002 Audio component missing
0x0004 EBU Teletext subtitles missing
0x0008 Associated EBU Teletext missing
0x0010 Data component missing
0x0020 DVB subtitling missing
0x0040 PMT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved

TABLE 4: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING)

FAULT MAJOR
IF FAULT TYPE = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING) DESCRIPTION
- ------------------------------------ -----------
0x0001 DVB-SI SDT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved

TABLE 5: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0004 (EIT MISSING)

FAULT MAJOR
IF FAULT TYPE = 0x0004 (EIT MISSING) DESCRIPTION
- ------------------------------------ -----------
0x0001 DVB-SI EIT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTRA Access Agreement SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
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<PAGE> 76

ASTRA LOGO

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.
L - 6815 CHATEAU DE BETZDORF, LUXEMBOURG

TEL: (352) 710725-1
FAX: (352) 710725-548

ASTRA is a trademark of Societe Europeenne des Satellites.
The information and data contained herein are subject to change.

<PAGE> 77
[ASTRA LOGO]

ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION
UPDATE SYSTEM
(ASIUS)

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

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06 DECEMBER 1996 CONFIDENTIAL
<PAGE> 78
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION............................................................ 2

2 CONCEPT OF THE ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION UPDATE SYSTEM.................. 2

3 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ASIUS............................................ 5

3.1 SI Data Structures considered by ASIUS............................. 5

3.1.1 Network Information Table (NIT)............................. 5

3.1.2 Service Description Table (SDT)............................. 5

3.1.3 Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT)............................ 9

3.2 SI Data Acquisition................................................ 9

3.3 SI Data Processing................................................. 10

3.4 SI Data Distribution............................................... 10

4 GLOSSARY................................................................ 12

5 REFERENCES.............................................................. 13

ANNEX 1................................................................. 14

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1 INTRODUCTION

Service Information (SI) systems for Digital Video Broadcast are considered by
broadcasters and also by network operators as one of the crucial elements in
digital transmission of video, audio and data signals. With the plethora of
services being available in the digital age, an effective means of guiding
consumers around the various services on offer is an essential pre-requisite of
any consumer oriented digital transmission and reception system. Beyond
informing about the available services, there is also a need to allow for the
quick acquisition of any service that can be received.

Based on the DVB SI specification Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES) has
developed the ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) for providing
tuning information and also for informing the digital IRDs about all services on
the ASTRA network. In addition ASIUS monitors the Service Information on all
transponders, checks the presence and the correctness of this data and provides
also diagnostics information on the consistency of the multiplexes.

2 CONCEPT OF THE ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION UPDATE SYSTEM

The ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) is an application of the DVB
Service Information specification as standardised in ETS 3000468/1/ and may
serve the Digital Satellite IRD to quickly tune to the receivable services on
ASTRA. It also enables the presentation of services and broadcasters in a
convenient way to the consumer.

This is achieved by compiling and transmitting an ASTRA Network Information
Table (ASTRA NIT) providing tuning information as well as an ASTRA Service
Description Table (ASTRA SDT) containing information about all services on all
transponders on the ASTRA network. Thus the IRD is enabled to present the names
of all services on ASTRA, the names of all corresponding broadcasters (service
providers) and the service_types such as TV, Radio, Teletext or data services,
without having to tune to each transponder.

The concept for the ASIUS involves the transmission of the ASTRA NIT on each
transponder. This NIT conveys information about the physical parameters of all
multiplexes on ASTRA (frequency, symbol rate, etc.) as well as the information
about the network itself (ID, name, satellite position).

Furthermore, the concept involves the transmission of the ASTRA SDT on two ASTRA
Service Information channels (Barker Channels), one with horizontal and one with
vertical polarization.

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As it is the objective to provide up-to-date network information and service
description data about all transponders on ASTRA, a concept for an automatic
updating of the ASTRA NIT/SDT has been developed, considering all updates from
the Betzdorf earth station as well as the remote uplinks.

The ASTRA NIT is mainly under the administration of SES (network operator)
except for parts as e.g. the Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme which may be
adjusted by the remote uplink operators.

The multiplex specific SDTs are under the administration of the broadcasters.
ASIUS receives the SDTs transmitted on all transponders, extracts those parts
directly related to each respective transponder and compiles and ASTRA SDT with
service description information (e.g. service names, service providers,
service types) about all services on ASTRA.

FIGURE 86

Figure 1: Transmission and updating of ASTRA NIT and SDT tables

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The process of updating the ASTRA NIT and ASTRA SDT is illustrated in Figure 1.
The process involves the following steps:

1. The ASTRA NIT can be received at all remote uplink stations outside Betzdorf
and can then be inserted into the remotely uplinked multiplexes. The ASTRA
SDT is transmitted on two transponders (one with horizontal, one with
vertical polarization) from Betzdorf and therefore does not have to be
received/inserted at the remote uplinks.

2. Any remote uplink operator can at any time update the information in the NIT
related to his remote uplink (i.e. change the FEC scheme of his transponder
and/or add a service list descriptor) and/or the corresponding service
description data in the SDT and insert the data into the remote multiplex.

3. At Betzdorf, the NIT/SDT processing system performs the following tasks:

a) receive all Transport Streams of ASTRA,

b) extract those parts of the NITs and SDTs which have been altered by the
remote uplinks,

c) compile this update information to generate new versions of the ASTRA NIT
and SDT,

d) insert the updated ASTRA NIT into all multiplexes uplinked from Betzdorf,

e) insert the updated ASTRA SDT into the multiplexes carrying the ASTRA
Service Information channels.

4. The remote uplinks again can receive this updated ASTRA NIT and insert the
data into the remotely uplinked multiplexes.

After step 3, a complete update process of the ASTRA NIT and ASTRA SDT is
performed. The update process is continuously repeated. Thus, all remotely
mastered updates are almost immediately available in the ASTRA NIT/SDT.

The update process for the ASTRA NIT/SDT is stable since for each part of the
data there is only one master uplink assigned which is allowed to edit updates.
Other uplinks are slaves concerning the data mastered by a specific up-link
operator and therefore only insert the received updated data into their own
remote up-link.

The interconnection between ASIUS and other equipment of the Digital Network
Operations Centre (DINO) at Betzdorf is illustrated in Figure 2.

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3 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ASIUS

3.1 SI DATA STRUCTURES CONSIDERED BY ASIUS

Regarding the various tables defined by MPEG-2 and by the DVB project, there are
only a few relevant for the ASIUS. These are the Network Information Table, the
Service Description Table, the Event Information Table (EIT), and the Time and
Date Table (TDT).

3.1.1 NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE (NIT)

The structure of the Network Information Table is presented in Figure 3. The
ASTRA NIT is divided in sections according to the MPEG-2 syntax. Each section
includes a loop over network related descriptors which is used for conveying the
network name descriptor and the linkage descriptors to the ASTRA Service
Information channel.

For each transport stream the NIT contains a loop over transport stream related
descriptors including the satellite delivery system descriptor with information
such as frequency, polarisation, modulation, symbol rate and FEC scheme.
Conveying an optional service list descriptor in that loop of the NIT is not
considered by ASIUS.

3.1.2 ASTRA SERVICE DESCRIPTION TABLE (SDT)

NVOD reference descriptor and time shifted service descriptor are also
considered by ASIUS. In order to identify the actual Transport Stream on which
Service Information is received and thus to identify the relevant SI parts that
have been updated at a remote uplink, the corresponding transports stream id can
be found in each header of a service description section for the actual
Transport Stream /1/.

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FIGURE 89

Figure 2: Interconnection between ASIUS and the Digital NOC

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<PAGE> 84
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE (NIT)

ACTUAL NETWORK OTHER NETWORK
--------------------------------------------- -------------
SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3
--------- --------- ---------

<S> <C> <C> <C>
network id
section number

FOR 1=0 ... N NETWORK DESCRIPTORS

network name descriptor
linkage descriptor

FOR 1 =0 ... N TRANSPORT STREAMS

transport stream id
original network id

FOR 1=0 ... N TRANSPORT DESCRIPTORS

delivery system descriptor

</TABLE>
Figure 3: Structure of the Network Information Table

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<PAGE> 85
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SERVICE DESCRIPTION TABLE (SDT)

ACTUAL TRANSPORT STREAM
---------------------------------------------------------
OTHER
TRANSPORT TRANSPORT
TRANSPORT STREAM 1 STREAM 2 STREAM
------------------------------- ----------- ---------
SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3

<S> <C> <C> <C>
transport stream id
section number
original network id

for 1=0 ... N services

service id
scrambling yes/no

for 1=0 ... N descriptors

service descriptor
country availability descriptor
NVOD reference descriptor
time shifted service descriptor
</TABLE>

Figure 4: Structure of the Service Description Table

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3.1.3 MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

In a digital broadcast environment with a multitude of services there is a
need for highly automated means to monitor and subsequently to provide
information (e.g. failure messages) about the availability of services as well
as of service components such as video, audio and subtitling and of Service
Information tables.

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport mechanism,
the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined by SES. This system is
serving for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all
DVB/MPEG-2 multiplexes on ASTRA to the central DINO in Betzdorf.

MDTs can be generated at any point in the transmission chain to signal missing
streams (e.g. video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) or Service Information
components (e.g. NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) within a multiplex. As the underlying
concept of the MDT system is to detect and signal failures at the point where
they are generated, the system supervisor of the DVB/MPEG-2 encoding,
multiplexing and modulation equipment should monitor the correct functioning of
all equipment modules and should generate an MDT in the case a service failure
occurs for longer than 10 seconds.

This principle is applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO which can
not only receive and extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but also can
generate MDTs in the case e.g. Service Information components are missing. All
MDTs are being fed via the ASIUS into the Service Availability System (SAS) of
the Digital Network Operations Centre. Upon reception of an MDT an alert is
initiated by the DINO computer system which then enables the operator to act
appropriately based on detailed transponder specific diagnostic information
provided together with the alert message.

Details about the MDT concept can be found in Annex 1.

3.2 SI DATA ACQUISITION

The ASTRA Service Information Update System in Betzdorf includes the reception
of all Transport Streams of the ASTRA Satellite System. From these Transport
Streams the relevant SI is extracted and passed over to the ASIUS processing
station. This includes the NIT for the actual network (ASTRA) and the SDT for
the actual Transport Stream. If a MDT has been received (which occurs only in
case of a failure), it will also be transferred

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<PAGE> 87
to ASIUS.

The following processing steps have been implemented in ASIUS for the SI data
acquisition:

1. Reception of the DVB/MPEG-2 Transport Streams from all ASTRA transponders.

2. Extraction of all transponders SI data (NIT, MDT, SDT, EIT, TDT). By means
of the version number mechanism provided in each section syntax, the IRD
considers only the updated parts of this data.

3. Transmission of all the updates from the IRDs to ASIUS. The IRDs
furthermore monitor the availability of the NIT, SDT, EIT and TDT (Time and
Date Table) in each Transport Stream and shall generate a Multiplex
Diagnostic Table and transmit it to the ASIUS processor, if a failure is
detected.

3.3 SI DATA PROCESSING AND MONITORING

After having received an update the ASIUS compiles a new version of the ASTRA
NIT and ASTRA SDT. Since the system has immediate access to all SI data on the
ASTRA network it monitors the presence, correctness, and also the consistency
of the SI data. In case of an erroneous situation an alarm is triggered and the
operators in the DINO are informed.

3.4 SI DATA DISTRIBUTION

After the compilation of the received SI data by the ASIUS processor, the
updated ASTRA NIT is transmitted on all transponder uplinked from Betzdorf. The
ASTRA SDT is inserted into the two transponders which contain the ASTRA Service
information channel. In addition a linkage descriptor is inserted in the ASTRA
NIT, which is available on all transponders. This descriptor points to
transport stream ids and service ids of the ASTRA Service Information channels.

If the consumer wants to have access to the ASTRA SDT the IRD will read the
linkage descriptor and tune to one of the corresponding transponders. After the
reading of the ASTRA SDT all services available on the ASTRA Satellite System
could be displayed. It is however assumed that certain filter mechanisms would
be applied to the data before displaying the information in a consumer friendly
way. More details on the functionality of the ASTRA Service Information channel
are described in SES' Technical Recommendations for Digital IRDs' /2/. A flow
chart of the access functionality for the ASTRA SDT is depicted in Figure 5.

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<PAGE> 88

(FIGURE 94)

Figure 5: Example of the access functionality for the ASTRA SDT

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<PAGE> 89
4 GLOSSARY

ASIUS ASTRA Service Information Update System

DNO Digital Network Operation Centre

DVB Digital Video Broadcasting

DTH Direct-to-Home satellite transmission

FEC Forward Error Correction

IRD Integrated Receiver Decoder

MDT Multiplex Diagnostic Table

NIT Network Information Table

NOC Network Operation Centre

NVOD Near-Video-On-Demand

SDT Service Description Table

SES Societe Europeenne des Satellites

SI Service Information

SMATV Satellite Master Antenna Television

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<PAGE> 90
5 REFERENCES

/1/ ETS 300 458 "Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data
services; specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video
Broadcasting (DVB) Systems"

/2/ "Technical Recommendations for Digital Integrated Receiver Decoders", SES

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<PAGE> 91
Annex 1

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

1 INTRODUCTION

In a digital broadcast environment with a multitude of services there is a need
for highly automated means to monitor and subsequently to provide information
(e.g. failure messages) about the availability of services as well as of
service components such as video, audio and subtitling and of Service
Information tables.

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport
mechanism, the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined. This system
is serving for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all
DVB/MPEG-2 multiplexes on ASTRA to the central Digital Network Operations
Centre (DINO) of Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES).

2 FUNCTIONALITY

MDTs can be generated at any point in the transmission chain to signal missing
streams (e.g. video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) or Service
Information components (e.g. NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) within a multiplex. As the
underlying concept of the MDT system is to detect and signal failures at the
point where they are generated, the system supervisor of the DVB/MPEG-2
encoding, multiplexing and modulation equipment should monitor the correct
functioning of all equipment modules and should generate an MDT in the case a
service failure occurs for longer than 10 seconds.

MDTs shall then be periodically transmitted every 10 seconds until the failure
is fixed. In addition to faulty equipment modules also missing input streams
can be identified by subsequent modules in the transmission chain which then
generate corresponding MDTs.

This principle is applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO which
can not only receive and extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but also
can generate MDTs in the case e.g. Service Information components are missing.
All MDTs are being fed via the ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS)
into the Service Availability System (SAS) of the Digital Network Operations
Centre. Upon reception of an MDT an alert is initiated by the DINO computer
system which then enables the operator to act

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appropriately based on detailed transponder specific diagnostic information
provided together with the alert message.

3 SYNTAX OF THE MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

The syntax of the MDT is conforming to the one defined in the standard ISO/IEC
13818-1 for the definition of private sections.

As defined in that standard, private data may be sent in Transport Stream
packets with PID not listed in the Program Map Table sections.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
multiplex diagnostic section()[
<S> <C>
table id.................................................. 8 uimsbf
section syntax indicator.................................. 1 bslbf
SES reserved.............................................. 1 bslbf
ISO reserved.............................................. 2 bslbf
section length............................................ 12 uimsbf
transport stream id....................................... 16 uimsbf
original network id....................................... 16 uimsbf
MDT version number........................................ 4 uimsbf
Fault source.............................................. 12 uimsbf
Fault type................................................ 16 uimsbf
for (I=O;i<N:i++)[
Fault major............................................. 16 uimsbf
Fault minor............................................. 16 uimsbf
]
</TABLE>

TABLE ID = 0xB0

SECTION SYNTAX INDICATOR = 0

SES RESERVED = 1

Section length: This is a 12 bit field, the first two bits of which shall be
"00". It specifies the number of bytes of the section, starting immediately
following the section length field. The section length shall not exceed 181
bytes so that the entire section has a maximum length of 184 bytes.

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TRANSPORT STREAM ID: This is a 16 bit field which serves as a label to identify
the Transport Stream where the error or warning has occurred.

ORIGINAL NETWORK ID: This 16 bit field gives the label identifying the
network id of the originating delivery system of the Transport Stream where the
error or warning has occurred.

MDT VERSION NUMBER: This 4 bit field identifies the version number of the MDT
structure. Currently, the MDT version number shall be set to "0".

FAULT SOURCE: This is a code that, together with the transport stream id and
the original network id, identifies the origin of the failure. Fault source
values can be defined by the operator of the Transport Stream within the ranges
defined in Table 1.

FAULT MAJOR: This 16 bit field provides more detailed information about the
errors or warnings as defined by the Fault type. Depending on the value of the
Fault type, the Fault major has different meanings. Currently, only the values
given in Table 4 and 5 are defined. If for a Fault type no Fault major code is
defined, the loop within the MDT shall be empty. If for a Fault type several
Fault major codes are defined the loop may contain more than one of these
codes. In case of missing components of a service (Fault type = 0x0100) the
Fault major code is equal to the service id of this service.

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TABLE 1: FAULT_SOURCE

FAULT SOURCE RANGE DESCRIPTION
- ------------------ -----------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001,...,0x0064 SI-editing & controller
0x0065,...,0x01F4 Audio encoder
0x01F5,...,0x0226 Video encoder
0x0227,...,0x03B6 Data inserter
0x03B7,...,0x03E8 CA system
0x03E9,...,0x041A Multiplexer
0x041B,...,0x044C Re-multiplexer
0x044D,...,0x047E Modulator
0x047F,...,0x060E Decoder
0x060F,...,0x0640 Network termination
0x0641,...,0x0A00 ASTRA reserved
0x0A01,...,0x0FFF User defined

</TABLE>

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TABLE 2: FAULT TYPE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT TYPE DESCRIPTION
---------- -----------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001 NIT missing
0x0002 SDT missing
0x0004 EIT missing
0x0008 TDT missing
0x0009 PAT missing
0x000A CAT missing
0x0100 Component of service missing
Other fault type <= 0x0800 ASTRA reserved
Fault type > 0x0800 User defined
</TABLE>

TABLE 3: FAULT MINOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0100 (COMPONENT MISSING)
(Fault major specifies the service id of the service with missing components.)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT MINOR
IF FAULT TYPE = 0x0100 DESCRIPTION
---------------------- -----------
<S> <C>
0x0001 Video component missing
0x0002 Audio component missing
0x0004 EBU Teletext subtitles missing
0x0008 Associated EBU Teletext missing
0x0010 Data component missing
0x0020 DVB subtitling missing
0x0040 PMT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

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TABLE 4: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0X0002 (SDT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT MAJOR
IF FAULT TYPE = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING) DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------ -----------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI SDT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

TABLE 5: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0X0004 (EIT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT MAJOR
IF FAULT TYPE = 0X0004 (SDT MISSING) DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------ -----------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI EIT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

The information and data contained herein are subject to change.

Societe Europeenne des Satellites S.A.
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf, Luxembourg
Tel.: (352) 71 07 25-1, Fax: (352) 71 07 25-548

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYS-240/12-95

15 December 1995

<PAGE> 1

Exhibit 10.20

CONFIDENTIAL

-------------------

AGREEMENT

-------------------

for digital transmission on the ASTRA system

between

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.

PCI PROGRAMMING INC.

<PAGE> 2
CONFIDENTIAL
<TABLE>
<C> <S> <C>
1. Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. Term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. Charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. Spare TWTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. Unavailability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7. Excluding Circumstances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8. Interruption Testing and Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
9. Pre-emption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
10. Use of Transponder and Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
11. Service Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
12. Compliance with Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
13. SES' Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
14. Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
15. Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
16. Effect of Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
17. Force Maieure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
18. Limitation of Liability - Exclusivity of Remedies . . . . . 12
19. Indemnities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
20. Confidentiality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
21. Trademark - Logo and Press Releases . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
22. Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
23. Severability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
24. Waiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
25. Entire Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
26. Amendment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
27. Proper Law and Jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
</TABLE>
2
<PAGE> 3
CONFIDENTIAL
<TABLE>
<C> <S> <C>
28. Legal Opinion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
29. Condition Precedent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
30. Marketing Cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<C> <S> <C>
SCHEDULE I: Satellite and Transponder Description and
Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
SCHEDULE II: Customer Signals, Customer Uplink Signals and
Uplink Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
SCHEDULE III: Service(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
SCHEDULE IV: Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
SCHEDULE V: Conditional Access system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
SCHEDULE VI: Charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
SCHEDULE VII: Priority and Pre-emption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
SCHEDULE VIII: ASTRA Access Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
SCHEDULE IX: ASIUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
</TABLE>
3
<PAGE> 4
CONFIDENTIAL

AGREEMENT

DATED 26 MARCH 1997

BETWEEN:

(1) Societe Europeenne des Satellites S.A. L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf, Grand
Duchy of Luxembourg ("SES"); and

(2) PCI Programming Inc.
c/o Poland Communications Inc.
1 Commercial Plaza
Hartford, CT 06033, USA (the "Customer")

PREAMBLE:

(A) SES is the operator of the ASTRA satellite system which comprises several
satellites co-located at 19.2 degrees East for the retransmission of
television and radio services;

(B) The satellite, described in Schedule I-A hereto, is part of this
satellite system;

(C) The Customer wishes to use transponder capacity on a transponder of said
satellite to transmit the digital services described herein on the terms
and conditions set out below;

IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

1. INTERPRETATION

1.1 In this Agreement, the following words and expressions shall have
the meanings ascribed to them below:

"Cahier des Charges" : the ministerial enactment (arrete
ministeriel) of the Luxembourg government setting out the duties to
be observed by SES in performance of the Concession;

"Concession" : the concession contract ("Contrat de Concession")
entered into by the government of Luxembourg and SES to enable SES
to operate the Satellite System and any amendment thereof;

"Customer Downlink Signals" : downlink RF(1)-QPSK(2) modulated time
division multiplexed carrier carrying the Service(s) from the
Customer's Transponder;

- --------------------------

1. Radio frequency

2. Quadrature phase shift keying

4
<PAGE> 5
"Customer Signals": the bit stream, carrying the Service(s),
produced by the Customer and transmitted to the Uplink Facilities
for onward transmission via the Customer's Transponder and
conforming to SCHEDULE II;

"Customer Start Date" or "CSD": the date on which the Customer has
agreed to commence the transmission of the Service(s) on the
Customer's Transponder, being the date upon which the Board of SES
and the Government of Luxembourg have given their approval even if
the Government's approval and operational service date of ASTRA 1G
has occurred;

"Customer Uplink Signals": the RF-QPSK modulated time division
multiplexed carrier, carrying the Service(s), transmitted from the
Uplink Facilities to the Customer's Transponder and conforming to
SCHEDULE II;

"Customer's Transponder": the transponder capacity on the Satellite
as described in SCHEDULE I-B, or any alternative transponder
capacity subsequently allocated to the Customer pursuant hereto, and
via which the Customer transmits the Service(s);

"Expiry Date": the last day of the Term;

"LIBOR": the one month London inter bank offered rate, applying to
the currency of this Agreement, as quoted by Banque et Caisse
d'Epargne de l'Etat in Luxembourg on the due date for payment;

"Minimum Transponder Performance": as defined in SCHEDULE I-D;

"Operational Service Dates" or "OSD": the date on which SES declared
the Satellite operational, being 1 June 1996;

"Payment Period": a period of the Term in respect of which payments
are payable or have been paid pursuant to SCHEDULE VI;

"Pre-emption": the deliberate interruption and/or cessation of the
availability of a transponder by SES in accordance with the rules
set out in SCHEDULE VII and "Pre-empt" shall be construed
accordingly;

"Received Signal Power": as defined in SCHEDULE I-D;

"Satellite": the ASTRA 1F satellite as described in SCHEDULE I-A;

"Service(s)": the Customer's services described in SCHEDULE III;

"SES' Associates": SES' officers, employees, consultants, agents,
contractors or subcontractors however it is understood that CLT/DTS
performing the play-out for the Customer, are not considered as SES
Associate;

"Spare TWTA": a spare travelling wave tube amplifier which can be
switched to recover traffic on the Satellite;

"Target Market": as defined in SCHEDULE III;

"Term": the duration of this Agreement as specified in CLAUSE 3;

"transponder": a part of the Satellite which receives, amplifies and
frequency.

5
<PAGE> 6
CONFIDENTIAL

translates the uplink signals and retransmits them as downlink
signals;

"UNAVAILABLE", "UNAVAILABILITY": as defined in CLAUSE 6;

"UPLINK FACILITIES": all equipment and ancillary facilities used to
transmit the Customer Uplink Signals to the Satellite conforming to
SCHEDULE II;

"VAT": Value added tax or any similar tax or charge.

1.2 In case of conflict between this Agreement and the Schedules hereto,
this Agreement shall prevail.

2. AGREEMENT

3. TERM

3.1 This Agreement shall begin on the date hereof and expire on the
tenth (10th) anniversary of CSD.

3.2 Either party may terminate this Agreement upon 6 months written
notice if the Customer does not target the Polish DTH market prior
to 1 January 1999. "Target the Polish DTH market" means that (i)
the Customer shall have a licence or permit (if necessary) for its
activity and (ii) actively markets and promotes DTH reception by
ensuring availability in the market of decoder boxes (integrated
receiver devices ("IRD's").

3.3 Notwithstanding any other term of this Agreement:

(i) SES may terminate this Agreement immediately by notice in
writing to the Customer if an event of free majeure prevents
the Satellite from becoming operational;

(ii) The Customer may terminate this Agreement by not less than
thirty (30) days prior written notice to SES at any time prior
to 31 December 1998.

In either case, each party shall be discharged of all liability and
obligation to the other.

4. CHARGES

4.1 The Customer shall pay the charges set out in SCHEDULE VI as and on
the dates set out therein.

4.2 Sums overdue shall be subject to a late payment interest charge at
2% over LIBOR from the due date. The interest shall accrue on a
daily basis.

4.3 All sums payable by the Customer under SCHEDULE VI are quoted
exclusive of any VAT or other tax or duties. The Customer
undertakes to pay any applicable VAT, other tax or duties upon
receipt of an appropriate invoice from SES.

4.4 All sums due under this Agreement shall be paid in full without
set-off, counter-claim or other deduction.

4.5 Any sums owed by SES to the Customer for Unavailability pursuant to
CLAUSE 6 shall be calculated by SES within 15 days from the date on
which such an event occurred and shall be paid to the Customer
within thirty (30) days thereafter. If the Customer disagrees with
the amount so calculated and notified by SES, the Customer shall so
notify SES in writing and the parties shall seek in good faith to
resolve the disagreement. Payments for Unavailability after the due
date for

6
<PAGE> 7
payment determined hereunder shall accrue interest at the rate set
out in CLAUSE 4.2, unless such payments are in dispute.

4.6 In the circumstances set out in CLAUSE 7.2, the Customer shall not
be relieved of its obligation to pay the charges payable hereunder.

5. SPARE TWTA

If the Customer's Transponder becomes Unavailable and if a spare TWTA is
available, then, subject to the priority rules set out in SCHEDULE VII, SES
shall provide its use to the Customer as soon as reasonably possible.

6. UNAVAILABILITY

6.1 The Customer's Transponder shall be regarded as Unavailable if:

6.1.1. the Received Signal Power falls below the Minimum Transponder
Performance by more than 1 dB;

6.1.2 the interruption of the Service(s) pursuant to CLAUSE 8.1
exceeds thirty (30) minutes in any calendar quarter;

6.1.3 any failure of the Satellite or any part thereof causes an
interruption of transmissions of the Service(s); or

6.1.4 the 27.5 MS/s QPSK digital carrier at the centre frequency of
the Customer's Transponder, complying fully with SCHEDULE II,
which saturates the Customer's Transponder as indicated by
the satellite DLA input power telemetry as specified by SES
and has a 3/4 rate FEC, exhibits a Bit Error Rate worse than
10-9 when received on a typical 60 cm antenna with no
pointing error, with a G/T of no worse than 13.5 dB/K located
in Betzdorf, Luxembourg, under clear sky conditions. It is
understood that SES shall have no obligation to monitor the
bit error rate.

6.2 During any period of Unavailability the Customer may obtain (at its
cost) temporary bridging services from an alternative service
provider. The Customer's payment obligations hereunder shall be
suspended from the start of the period of Unavailability to the end
of such period or, if later, the date the Customer's arrangements
for bridging services in respect of such period of Unavailability
come to an end, however such date shall not be later than 30 days
after the end of any period of Unavailability. In this regard, SES
shall refund to the Customer the pro rata temporis portion of the
charges paid by the Customer for the period of Unavailability and/or
the Customer shall not be liable to pay SES the pro rata temporis
portion of the charges payable (but not yet paid) in respect of such
period of Unavailability (as applicable).

6.3 If the Customer's Transponder becomes Unavailable for a period of
thirty (30) or more consecutive days, then the Customer may
terminate the Agreement by written notice to SES ( provided that
such notice is sent while the Customer's Transponder is Unavailable)
and CLAUSE 16.1 shall apply.

7
<PAGE> 8
CONFIDENTIAL

6.4 Clauses 5, 6.2 and 6.3 shall be the Customer's sole remedies in the
event of an Unavailability and SES shall have no other obligation.

7. EXCLUDING CIRCUMSTANCES

Clauses 6.2 and 6.3 shall not apply:

7.1 to an Unavailability caused by an act or omission of the Customer or
of the customer's Associates;

7.2 where the Customer Signals, the Customer Uplink Signals or the
Uplink Facilities do not comply with Schedule II or where the
Customer Signals are not received by the Uplink Facilities or the
Customer Uplink Signals are not received by the Customer's
Transponder due to no fault of SES or any SES Associate.

8. INTERRUPTION, TESTING AND MONITORING

8.1 SES shall be entitled to interrupt the Service(s) and to require the
Customer to cease transmission of the Customer Uplink Signals where
necessary (i) to provide the cause of a Spare TWTA, and (ii) for
operational testing, maintenance, monitoring, preventive or curative
repair or adjustment to be carried out either with respect to the
Satellite as a whole or part thereof, or one or more of its
transponders where necessary, in SES' reasonable opinion, to
preserve the integrity of the Satellite or the overall quality of
the satellite transmissions in the short, medium or long term. SES
shall give the Customer as much notice thereof as is practicable in
the circumstances and shall agree with the Customer upon the date
and time of interruption wherever possible.

8.2 SES shall also be entitled to interrupt the Service(s) or to require
the Customer to cease transmission of the Customer Uplink Signals if
the Customer is in breach of its obligations hereunder ALWAYS
PROVIDED THAT if such breach is due to a technical issue, SES shall
not interrupt the Service(s) without allowing the Customer
reasonable period of time to correct it, unless the technical issue
either (i) is interfering with another customer of SES, (ii) could
cause potentially damage or degradation to the Satellite or to its
proper functioning or (iii) could affect the quality of the
transmissions provided by the Satellite. Nothing in this CLAUSE 8.2
shall permit SES to interrupt the Services in circumstances where
there is a bona fide dispute between the parties as to any fees due
to be paid under this Agreement. Any such dispute, if not resolved
by negotiation, shall be dealt with as provided for in CLAUSE 27.

8.3 SES shall monitor the Customer Uplink Signals and the performance of
the Customer's Transponder in accordance with the provisions of
SCHEDULE IV and supply an analysis of the results when so requested
by the Customer. Such data shall be limited to information which SES
can reasonable be expected to obtain and which it can reveal without
liability or breach of any duty to any third party. Such information
shall be kept confidential.

8.4 The Customer shall procure that the operator of the Uplink
Facilities shall assist SES in making any tests to ensure that such
Facilities and the Customer Uplink

8
<PAGE> 9
CONFIDENTIAL

Signals comply with Clause 10.3

8.5 All Service(s) using the Customer's Transponder shall be uplinked
from the same uplink antenna.

9. PRE-EMPTION

- Intentionally deleted -

10. USE OF TRANSPONDER AND ENCRYPTION

10.1 The frequencies for the Customer Uplink Signals and the Customer
Downlink Signals initially allocated by SES shall be those stated in
Schedule 1-B or notified to the Customer before CSD.

10.2 The Customer shall, on CSD, commence transmitting the Service(s) and
thereafter maintain full transmission of the majority of the
Service(s) as described in SCHEDULE III. For the avoidance of doubt
this CLAUSE 10.2 is not designed to interfere with the Customer's
plans for the roll out of the Service(s) and SES accepts that such
plans do not envisage the transmission of a full complement of
Service(s) for the first year of this Agreement and may also mean
that the Customer does not have any Service(s) ready to commence
transmission on CSD.

10.5 SES shall have the right, at any time, to replace the transponder
carrying the Service(s) on the Satellite by another transponder on
any other ASTRA satellite at the same orbital position provided that
the replacement transponder has the same polarization, bandwidth and
the same uplink and downlink signal frequency as the transponder
used by the Customer prior to such replacement and provides Minimum
Transponder Performance. Unless SES uplinks the Service(s), SES will
endeavour to provide to the Customer advance notice of 24 hours to
perform the necessary operations to uplink the Service(s) to the
other ASTRA satellite. To avoid a Service interruption, the Customer
shall take all necessary arrangements with the operator of the
Uplink Facilities to accommodate such a transponder replacement and
SES will either (i) move the Customer's Transponder in tandem with
any other customer's transponder on the Satellite or (ii) relax the
technical requirements of the Access Agreement to require only two
(2) uplinks for the three (3) allocated customer's transponders with
frequencies in the E and F bands.

10.6 The Customer shall not use the Customer's Transponder in any way not
specified in this Agreement.

11. SERVICE INFORMATION

The Customer shall provide to SES the Service(s) information in compliance
with SCHEDULE III.

<PAGE> 10
CONFIDENTIAL

12. COMPLIANCE WITH LAW

12.1 The Customer shall comply to all material extent with all laws,
regulations or provisions relevant for the performance of this
Agreement, shall, where necessary, at all times have and comply with
a broadcasting license or authorization for the Service(s) and shall
promptly inform SES of any material change thereof. If the
Service(s) is not subject to the laws of a member of the European
Union it shall, nevertheless, comply with the provisions of the
"Television Without Frontiers" directive of 3 October 1989, as may
be amended, as transposed into the laws of Luxembourg being
currently Article 6 and Chapter IV of the Luxembourg Electronic
Media Law of 27 July 1991.

12.2 SES shall not exercise its right to terminate this Agreement
under CLAUSE 15.1 by reason of non-compliance by the Customer
pursuant to CLAUSE 12.1 except where such non-compliance has been
determined by a court or other authority with competent jurisdiction
or where otherwise requested by the Government of the Grand Duchy of
Luxembourg. Moreover if compliance with CLAUSE 12.1 would result in
the contravention of any future law or regulation in the Target
Market, its non-compliance with CLAUSE 12.1 shall constitute an
event of force majeure.

13. SES' AUTHORITY

This Agreement is subject to the continuing right of SES to provide the
Customer's Transponder pursuant to the Concession and the Cahier des
Charges. If this right is withdrawn, then this Agreement shall terminate
automatically unless the Government of Luxembourg wishes to undertake SES'
rights and obligations hereunder. In either case, SES shall be discharged
of all liability and obligation to the Customer subject to CLAUSE 16.

14. ASSIGNMENT

14.2 SES hereby authorises the Customer at any time to assign its rights
under this Agreement to (a) any affiliate or (b) Procable Sp Z O.O.
("Procable") provided that the Customer retains not less than a
33% shareholding in Procable, and in any such event on condition
that the Customer agrees to continue to be bound by all its
obligations and liabilities hereunder and to hold SES harmless from
any breach of this Agreement by its Assignee. For the purposes of
this CLAUSE 14.2, a company will be regarded as an affiliate of the
Customer if the Customer holds not less than a 50% interest in the
shares or equivalent of that company or if the company holds at
least 50% interest in the Customer or a company being under common
control with the Customer.

14.3 Upon SES' and the Luxembourg Government prior written consent, which
shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, the Customer may
sub-contract the benefit of

10
<PAGE> 11
CONFIDENTIAL

this Agreement to any third party provided that (i) no such
sub-contract shall relieve the Customer of its obligations and
liabilities under this Agreement and the Customer shall be
responsible for the acts, default and omissions of the sub-
contractor, its employees and agents as fully as if they were
acts, default, omissions of the Customer itself and (ii) the
Customer will share revenues exceeding the charge payable in the
relevant calendar year with SES on a 50/50 basis.

15. TERMINATION

15.1 commits a material breach of its obligations hereunder and fails to
remedy such breach (if capable of remedy) within thirty (30) days
of written notice from the party requiring such breach to be
remedied (for the avoidance of doubt, circumstances giving rise to
the right to terminate under CLAUSE 3.2 or CLAUSE 6.3 do not
constitute a material breach);

15.3 has been prevented by an event of force majeure from materially
performing its obligations hereunder for sixty (60) days or more.
SES will waive its right to terminate the Agreement if and for such
period of time the Customer continues to pay the charge hereunder.

16. EFFECT OF TERMINATION

16.1 Where the Agreement is terminated (i) by the Customer, pursuant to
CLAUSES 6.3, 15.1 or 15.2, (ii) by either party, pursuant to CLAUSE
15.3, or (iii) automatically pursuant to CLAUSE 13, then SES shall
refund to the Customer the pro rata temporis portion of the advance
payments made by the Customer pursuant to SCHEDULE VI relating to
the unexpired portion of the Payment Period in progress on the date
of termination. SES may deduct from such amount all payments, taxes
and duties payable to governments or other entities for which the
Customer is liable hereunder and all sums owed to SES at that time.

11
<PAGE> 12
CONFIDENTIAL

SES' satellites and for a price inferior to that payable by the
Customer to SES (unless the Customer makes up for the difference);
however, SES shall use its reasonable efforts to mitigate ITS
losses. If the Customer's Transponder is allocated to another
customer, SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rata temporis
portion of the advance payments made by the Customer pursuant to
SCHEDULE VI relating to the unexpired portion of the Payment Period
in progress on the date at which the other customer starts
transmitting.

17. FORCE MAJEURE

Neither party shall be considered to be in breach or be liable for any
damage suffered by the other party or its Associates, by reason of any
failure to perform any obligation hereunder if and for so long as such
failure is the result of an event of force majeure. Subject to CLAUSE
15.3, the respective obligations of both parties shall be suspended for
such time as such an event prevents either party from performing its
obligations.

18. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY - EXCLUSIVITY OF REMEDIES

18.1 Without prejudice to CLAUSES 5,6, and 16, SES shall not be
liable to the Customer or to the Customer's Associates in any way
whatsoever, except for its gross negligence ("faute lourde") or
wilful misconduct ("dol").

18.2 The remedies expressly provided in this Agreement are the sole
remedies available to the parties and the parties waive any other
rights that they may have.

19. INDEMNITIES

19.1 The Customer shall totally indemnify SES and SES' Associates and
customers against all claims, losses, damages, expenses arising
from:

19.1.1 damages caused to third parties as a result of a breach by
the Customer of this Agreement or a civil duty;

19.1.2 infringement of copyright, defamation, libel or invasion of
privacy (or any allegation thereof) arising in the course of
the use of the Customer's Transponder;

19.1.4 infringement by the Customer by virtue of exercising its
rights under this Agreement of any other third party right;

19.1.5 damage caused to the Satellite by the Customer or the
operator of the Uplink Facilities save where SES is said
operator.

19.2 A party (the "First Party") shall indemnify the other party
against all caims, losses,

<PAGE> 13
CONFIDENTIAL

damages or expenses arising from an infringement of patent caused by
the use of any apparatus or system provided by the First Party to
the other.

20. CONFIDENTIALITY

Each party shall, and shall procure that its Associates shall, both
throughout the TERM and thereafter, keep confidential the provisions of
this Agreement together with all other information disclosed on a
confidential basis by the other party hereunder and shall not disclose the
same to any person except when acting under a court order. Unless otherwise
specified in writing, all information regarding the performance of the
Satellite or the Customer's Transponder or the business affairs of the
parties shall be regarded as confidential. Where necessary to secure its
financing or otherwise in the legitimate course of its business, each party
shall have the right to disclose this Agreement to its professional
advisors, financial institutions and stock exchanges authorities.

21. TRADEMARK - LOGO AND PRESS RELEASES

21.2 The parties shall agree on a press release to announce this
Agreement.

22. NOTICES

Any notice shall be in writing and shall be sent to the address of the
party to be served as above written or to such other address previously
notified to the other party. All notices shall be delivered by hand,
registered, or certified post or facsimile. Notices shall be deemed to have
been received: (i) if delivered by hand, upon such delivery, (ii) if sent
by post, (seventy-two) 72 hours after the envelope containing such notice
was posted, or (iii) if sent by facsimile, when the transmission of the
facsimile is complete. Notices sent by facsimile shall be confirmed by
letter. The initial facsimile number of the parties are: (i) SES: (352) 710
725 291, (ii) the Customer: (48) 22 43 56 31 or (48) 22 43 65 31.

23. SEVERABILITY

<PAGE> 14
CONFIDENTIAL

24. WAIVER

No relaxation, delay or indulgence by either party in enforcing any right
under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof.

25. ENTIRE AGREEMENT

This Agreement, with the Schedules, is the entire agreement between the
parties in connection with the subject matter hereof and there are no
other agreements, written or oral. This Agreement supersedes all prior
understandings, representations or communications between the parties and
each party declares that it has not relied on any representation except as
expressly set out herein.

26. AMENDMENT

27. PROPER LAW AND JURISDICTION

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the parties hereby submit to the
exclusive jurisdiction of the Luxembourg courts.

28. LEGAL OPINION

29. CONDITION PRECEDENT

This Agreement is subject to (i) the approval of the Board of SES, the
Board of the Customer and of the Government of Luxembourg and (ii) the
availability of the Customer's Transponder at SES. The parties shall each
use their reasonable efforts to obtain the approvals required and SES shall
use its reasonable efforts to make the Customer's Transponder available as
soon as practicable after contract signature but in any event before 30
April 1997.

30. MARKETING COOPERATION

Taking into account the Customer's plan to introduce into the market an
aggregate amount of 500,000 IRD's during the start phase of DTH SES and the
Customer shall cooperate jointly

<PAGE> 15
CONFIDENTIAL

in the marketing activities for rolling out the Customer's digital
services. Such cooperation shall be mutually agreed from time to time.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the duly authorised representatives of the parties hereto
have executed this agreement in two originals on the date first before written.

PCI PROGRAMMING INC. SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.

/s/ Robert E. Fowler, III /s/ Romain Bausch
- -------------------------- --------------------------
By: Romain Bausch
Title: Director General

15
<PAGE> 16
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE I: SATELLITE AND TRANSPONDER DESCRIPTION AND PERFORMANCE
SPECIFICATIONS

A. ASTRA 1F SATELLITE DESCRIPTION

1. Satellite Manufacturer : Hughes Communications
Int. Inc.

2. Expected Fuel Lifetime (from OSD) : 14 years

3. Satellite Station-keeping accuracy : Longitude +/- 0.10 degrees
Inclination +/- 0.10 degrees

4. Stabilisation System : 3 axis

5. Designed Channel Capacity :

A maximum of 20 transponders at start of life reducing to 20 transponders
at end of life can be operated simultaneously. All transponders are
eclipse protected and may be selected from the following configurations:

18 transponders in the 17300 - 17700 MHz uplink and 11700 - 12100 MHz
downlink frequency band, 16 transponders in the 12750 - 13000 MHz uplink
and 10700 - 10950 MHz downlink frequency band (ASTRA 1D backup), 16
transponders in the 13000 - 13250 MHz uplink and 10950 - 11200 MHz downlink
frequency band (ASTRA 1C backup), 16 transponders in 14000 - 14250 MHz
uplink and 11450 - 11700 MHz downlink frequency band (ASTRA 1B backup).

6. Polarization : Dual Linear

7. Cross-polarization isolation (for areas
within the 50 dBW e.i.r.p. contour) on
vertical and horizontal transponders : Typical 30 dB

For the avoidance of doubt, the specifications set out in Parts B and C
below shall constitute part of the terms and conditions of this Agreement
but the description of the Satellite in this Part A is for the Customer's
information only and shall not constitute any term or condition of this
Agreement.

B. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF TRANSPONDER USE

1. Initial transponder number on the Satellite : 79

2. Customer Uplink Signal frequency : 17592.50 MHz

3. Customer Downlink Signal frequency : 11992.50 MHz

4. Capacity provided : 27.5 MS/s QPSK

5. Hours of transmission : 24 hours per day

6. Pre-emptibility status : See SCHEDULE VII-A

7. Polarisation : Horizontal

C. ORBITAL POSITION AND TRANSPONDER BANDWIDTH

1. Orbital position : 19.2 degrees East

16
<PAGE> 17
CONFIDENTIAL

2. Usable Transponder bandwidth : 33 MHz (in the band 12.10
to 12.50 GHz)

D. TRANSPONDER PERFORMANCE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
F-Band F-band on
City on ASTRA 1F ASTRA 1G
--------- ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Bialystok 50 50
Gdansk 52.5 50.5
Kielce 52 51.5
Krakow 52 52
Lublin 50 51
Olsztyn 52 50.5
Radom 51.5 51.5
Warsaw 51.5 51
Wroclaw 52.5 52
Betzdorf 51 51
</TABLE>

It is understood that SES shall have no obligation to monitor or measure
the Minimum Transponder Performance in any sites listed above save for
Betzdorf.

2. "RECEIVED SIGNAL POWER" is defined as signal power in dBW on the ground in
Luxembourg measured by a measurement test set-up according to standard
engineering practice as described in SCHEDULE I-E. If the measurement is
not performed under clear sky conditions, the measured value shall be
corrected to account for the effect of weather and propagation conditions.

3. The Minimum Transponder Performance and Received Signal Power shall be
those measured or otherwise ascertained where the Customer is complying or
procuring compliance with SCHEDULE II.

E. MEASUREMENT TEST SET-UP AND STANDARD ENGINEERING PRACTICE

In order to accurately determine each transponder e.i.r.p., a measurement
set-up consisting of a calibrated fluxmeter and radiometer is used. The
fluxmeter measures the power flux density at earth surface created by each
individual satellite transponder.

The fluxmeter uses a calibrated antenna, with a calibrated RF measurement
subsystem comprising, among others, a LNA, a down converter and a true RMS
power sensor. A 33 MHz selectivity bandpass filter is used to reduce
errors due to adjacent channel interference during e.i.r.p. measurements.

<PAGE> 18
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE II: CUSTOMER SIGNALS, CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNALS AND UPLINK FACILITIES

A. SPECIFICATIONS OF CUSTOMER SIGNALS AND CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNALS

ISO/IEC 13818-1/-2/-3

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 1: Systems:
Part 2: Video and Part 3: Audio).

ETS 300 421

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services:
framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite
services.

ETS 300 468

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video Broadcasting
(DVB) Systems.

ETR 154

Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems, video and audio in
satellite and cable broadcasting applications.

ETR 211

Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information.

The Customer agrees to transmit the ASTRA Network Information Table ("NIT")
as described in SCHEDULE IX. More specifically, the Customer Uplink Signals
shall automatically update its transmitted NIT to reflect any changes of
the ASTRA NIT. However, the Customer may modify the parts of the NIT
describing the Customer Uplink Signals (e.g. addition of service list
descriptor).

B. CUSTOMER SIGNALS

1. Video source coding shall be as specified in MPEG-2 main profile/main
level.

2. Audio source coding shall be as specified in ISO/IEC 13818-3 and as
defined in ETR 154.

C. CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNAL AND UPLINK FACILITIES

<PAGE> 19
CONFIDENTIAL

More specifically, the Customer Uplink Signals and the Uplink Facilities
having access to the ASTRA satellite shall meet the performance
requirements established in the ASTRA Access Agreement. SES will provide a
reasonable prior notice for any amendment requiring a change of hardware.

The following parameters shall also be met:

1. EARTH STATION EIRP

For access to the Satellite, the Uplink Facilities must be able to produce
a minimum earth station e.i.r.p. of to be notified by SES to the Customer
once the Customer has informed SES of the uplink site dBW per RF channel
for transmissions originated from to be notified by the Customer to SES
before OSD.

However, given that the Service(s) can be transferred to another ASTRA
satellite, pursuant to CLAUSE 10.5, such transfer may require a separate
earth station and the Customer should note that for such satellite the
Uplink Facilities must be able to produce a minimum earth station e.i.r.p.
to be determined by SES, which may differ from that of the earth station
which accesses the Satellite.

2. TRANSMISSION STANDARD

The transmission standard used for the video, audio, and data services
shall be in accordance with the specifications given in Section A above.

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<PAGE> 20
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE III: SERVICE(S) (CLAUSE 10)

The Customer's Transponder shall be used exclusively for the transmission of
the following packages of television services, and related audio, and other
services as specified below all of them targeting at the general public located
within the Target Market. The expression ""Target Market'' means any or all of
the following countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania,
Moldova, Bulgaria, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Yugoslavia, Macedonia and Albania. It is
understood that those countries are only to such extent part of the Target
Market as they are covered by the Satellite footprint.

A. PAY-PER-VIEW SERVICES, being television services for which the viewer pays
on the basis of the actual consumption.

B. PAY TV SERVICES, being encrypted television services available upon
subscription.

C. UNENCRYPTED SERVICES, being television services available without any
special decoding equipment.

D. OTHER SERVICES: [TBD]

For each service considered, the Customer shall provide SES with the name of
the service, the types of service (pay-per-view, pay TV, unencrypted), the
nature of the programming and the language(s) of the service.

The above information, for any given Service, shall be provided at least 30
days before the proposed start date for the Service and shall be subject to
SES' consent which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed and, where
required, to the approval of the Government of Luxembourg. Any change of
service shall be subject to the prior written consent of SES which shall not be
unreasonably withheld or delayed.

<PAGE> 21
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE IV: MONITORING (CLAUSE 8)

In addition to performing the activities related to controlling the Satellite,
SES will also monitor all the transmissions through all its transponders as
described below.

SES will maintain a Network Operations Centre (NOC) capable of monitoring the
Received Signal Power of the Customer's Transponder on a continual basis in
order to produce a computerized record of the RF characteristics of the
Customer's Transponder.

As part of these activities, SES conducts a quarterly test using its In Orbit
Test System (IOTS) of the performance of each transponder on the ASTRA satellite
system. This test will necessitate that the Customer's Uplink Signal be switched
off during selected periods of time in accordance with CLAUSE 8.1 for not more
than thirty (30) minutes at a time.

If a problem is detected, the NOC Operators will initiate and co-ordinate
corrective measures in co-operation with the Uplink Facility which is
transmitting the Customer Uplink Signals.

The NOC's specific functions and responsibilities will include:

- - Receiving and handling reports of Unavailability from customers

- - Co-ordinating the remedy of the reported difficulty and initiating any
necessary procedures required to restore lost or impaired service in the
most expedient manner

- - Maintaining a complete and accurate record of all reported and observed
service failures, impairments, and customer contacts

- - Co-ordinating the overall line-up, pre-service tests, and actual provisions
of service

- - Arranging the routine monitoring of the Customer's Transponder as described
above

- - Ensuring that any potential events that may affect the operation of the
Satellite as a whole or of the Customer's Transponder (sun transit, routine
testing, etc.) are notified to the Customer as soon as practicable and in
advance if possible

The reporting points for operational purposes shall be:

At the Customer: c/o Baker McKenzie
ul. Dluga 26/28
00-238 Warsaw
Tel: (48) 22 635 3521
(48) 22 635 4111
Fax: (48) 22 635 9447
(48) 39 121 1213

At SES: Network Operations Centre
Satellite Control Facility
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf
Luxembourg
Tel: for urgent problems only:

(352) 710 152

Tel: for normal operating and general use:

21
<PAGE> 22
CONFIDENTIAL

Tel: (352) 710 725-344
Fax: (352) 710 725-227
(352) 710 725-213

Attn: Head Network Operations Centre

The above telephone and facsimile numbers are subject to change by SES or the
Customer.

22
<PAGE> 23
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE V: CONDITIONAL ACCESS SYSTEM

23
<PAGE> 24
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VI: CHARGES (CLAUSE 4)

(i) At the Customer's election (the Customer to notify SES of its
election not less than thirty (30) days prior to the commencement of
each year of this Agreement) either:

- an annual fixed fee of * USD or
- a monthly fixed fee of * USD.

(ii) A variable fee of * USD for each qualifying digital household up
to * such households and * USD for each qualifying digital
household exceeding * such households ALWAYS PROVIDED that on or
from 31 March 1999 until the Expiry Date, there shall be deemed to
be not less than * qualifying digital households irrespective of the
actual number of such households. The expression "qualifying
digital household" means any household located in which the occupant
has a current contract with the Customer or one of its affiliates or
authorized agents or distributors which gives him the right to
receive any services of the Customer and/or any affiliates of the
Customer that are transmitted using the Customer's Transponder by
means of direct pick-up by the occupant (via direct-to-home) of the
digital signal on an IRD available in the Target Market.

Any calculation of the number of qualifying digital households
shall be verified by an independent auditor to be agreed upon by
the parties.

(iii) The aggregate charges payable by the Customer to SES in any year
shall not exceed 6,750,000 USD.

[*confidential treatment requested; omitted portions have been filed
separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission]

B. The Customer shall effect payment of all charges to the bank account
identified by SES in the corresponding invoice.

C. The daily rate of charge to be applied for the purposes of calculating any
refund to be made pursuant to Clause 6 of the Agreement shall be the
aggregate charges payable for the Payment Period in the course of which an
Unavailability occurred divided by the number of

<PAGE> 25
CONFIDENTIAL

days contained in said Payment Period.

25
<PAGE> 26
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VII: PRIORITY AND PRE-EMPTION

A. CUSTOMER STATUS

The Customer shall have the status of: Non-pre-emptible Customer as defined in
PART B below.

B. CATEGORIES OF USE

SES' customers using the ASTRA satellite system shall be accorded (for each
transponder used) priority status as: Protected, Non-Pre-emptible or
Pre-emptible.

1. Protected Customers:

a. will not be subject to pre-emption by other customers;

b. will be entitled to be provided with the use of a back-up transponder
(this will require the pre-emption of Pre-emptible Customer); and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs, in preference to certain other
customers, as set out in PART C below.

2. Non-Pre-emptible Customers:

a. will not be subject to pre-emption themselves;

b. will have no rights of pre-emption themselves; and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs as set out in PART C below.

3. Pre-emptible Customers:

a. have no rights or pre-emption themselves;

b. may have their transponder pre-empted, as set out in PART D below, in
order to provide a back-up transponder to a Protected Customers; and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs, but subject to the rights of
other customers in this Schedule, as set out in PART C below.

C. PRIORITY RULES FOR SPARE TWTAs

As a general rule, Spare TWTAs on the Satellite will be provided on a First
failed/first served basis.

However, in the event of simultaneous transponder failures (or where the
sequence of failures cannot be determined) on the Satellite, and if the number
of failures exceeds the number of available Spare TWTAs, then the following
rules shall apply:

1. Protected Customers have priority over Non-Pre-emptible Customers who, in
turn, have priority over Pre-emptible Customers.

2. Where, pursuant to this Schedule, conflicting rights to Spare TWTAs arise
between customers with the same priority status, priority shall be given in
accordance with the following rules:

26
<PAGE> 27
CONFIDENTIAL

a. customers whose service starts on the Operational Service Date
("OSD CUSTOMER") shall have priority over those service starts at a
date after such Operational Service Date;

d. between customers whose services start after the Operational Service
Date ("POST OSD CUSTOMERS"), priority shall be determined by reference
to the customer start dates, so that the customers with earlier
customer start dates shall have priority over customers with later
customer start dates;

e. between Post OSD Customers who have the same customer start dates,
priority shall be determined in the same manner as applicable for OSD
Customers under PARAGRAPH 2(b) and (c) above; and

D. PRE-EMPTION RULES

1. If PART A above provides that the Customer has the status of
Pre-emptible Customer, then the Customer's Transponder shall be
pre-emptible on the terms set out below.

2. a. SES shall have the right to pre-empt the Customer's Transponder
to provide back-up capacity to restore the service of a Protected
Transponder in respect of which SES is contractually bound to provide
back-up capacity at the time pre-emption occurs and if there is no
Spare TWTA that can be used to restore the Protected Transponder's
service.

3. To Pre-empt the Customer's Transponder:

a. SES will give the Customer at least 24 hours advance warning (by
fax or phone) of

27
<PAGE> 28
CONFIDENTIAL

4. The Customer shall comply diligently with SES' instructions for the
purposes of implementing the pre-emption and shall require the operator of
the Uplink Facilities to do the same.

5. a. If SES pre-empts the Customers' Transponder, then, at that time, SES'
obligation to provide the use of the Customer's Transponder, and the
Customer's obligation to pay the corresponding charge, shall be
suspended. The Agreement shall terminate 30 days after the pre-emption
date unless SES, within this period, restores the Protected
Transponder in respect of which pre-emption was implemented. If such
restoration occurs after this 30 days period, then SES shall offer the
Customer's Transponder back to the Customer on the terms set out in
this Agreement for the outstanding period of Term. The Customer shall
have fifteen (15) days to accept SES' offer.

b. Upon termination of the Agreement pursuant hereto, as the case may be,

i. SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rate temporis portion of
the advance payments made by the Customer pursuant to SCHEDULE VI
and relating to the unexpired portion of the period (in respect
of which the Customer has paid in advance) in progress on the
date of pre-emption; or

ii. the Customer shall pay to SES all outstanding sums owed to SES at
the time of termination.

28
<PAGE> 29
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VIII: ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT

29
<PAGE> 30
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE IX: ASIUS

30
<PAGE> 31

[ASTRA LOGO]

ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF
EARTH STATIONS HAVING ACCESS TO
ASTRA SATELLITES

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

<PAGE> 32

[ASTRA LOGO]

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.
L-6815 CHATEAU DU BETZDORF, LUXEMBOURG

TEL: (352) 710725-1
FAX: (352) 710725-548

ASTRA is a trademark of Societe Europeenne des Satellites.
The information and data contained herein are subject to change.

<PAGE> 33
CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<C> <S> <C>
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................... 1

2. ANTENNA SYSTEM........................................................ 2
2.1. General......................................................... 2
2.2. Frequency Range................................................. 2
2.3. Off-axis Antenna Gain Pattern................................... 4
2.4. Polarisation.................................................... 4
2.5. Motorisation, Antenna Pointing and Tracking..................... 4

3. RF EQUIPMENT.......................................................... 5
3.1. Frequency Range and Agility..................................... 5
3.2. E.i.r.p. Capability............................................. 5
3.3. Transmitter Inhibit............................................. 5
3.4. Out-of-Band e.i.r.p. Emission................................... 6
3.5. Off-axis e.i.r.p. Density....................................... 6
3.6. Frequency Stability............................................. 6

4. AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS................................. 7
4.1. FM TV transmission in FSS and BSS bands......................... 7
4.2. Digital transmission in FSS and BSS bands....................... 8
4.3. Group Delay Equalisation........................................ 9

5. BASEBAND PARAMETERS FOR FM TV TRANSMISSION............................ 10
5.1. General......................................................... 10
5.2. PAL Transmission Standard....................................... 10
5.2.1. Video Signal............................................ 10
5.2.1.1. Frequency Deviation........................... 10
5.2.1.2. Energy Dispersal.............................. 10
5.2.1.3. Pre-emphasis.................................. 11
5.2.2. On-line Testing......................................... 11
5.2.3 Audio Signals........................................... 11
5.2.3.1. Audio Channel Modes........................... 11
5.2.3.2. Subcarrier Frequency.......................... 15
5.2.3.3. Subcarrier Bandwidth.......................... 16
5.2.3.4. Subcarrier Modulation Index................... 16
5.2.3.5. Analogue Audio................................ 16
5.2.3.5.1. Analogue Audio Deviation.......... 16
5.2.3.5.2. Analogue Audio Bandwidth.......... 16
5.2.3.5.3. Pre-emphasis...................... 16
5.2.3.6. Digital Audio................................. 17
5.2.3.6.1. Sampling Method................... 17
5.2.3.6.2. Modulation Method................. 17
5.2.3.6.3. Auxiliary Data.................... 17
5.2.3.7. Network Control Carrier....................... 17
5.2.4 Teletext................................................ 17
</TABLE>

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ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

i
<PAGE> 34

<TABLE>
<C> <S> <C>
6. CHANNEL CODING, MODULATION, MULTIPLEXING AND SOURCE CODING
FOR DIGITAL SERVICES.................................................. 18
6.1. General......................................................... 18
6.2. Modulation...................................................... 18
6.2.1. BSS bands............................................... 18
6.2.2. FSS bands............................................... 18
6.2.3. Earth Station Degradation............................... 18
6.3. Channel coding.................................................. 18
6.4. Power Spectrum Density Mask..................................... 19
6.4.1. BSS Bands............................................... 19
6.4.2. FSS Bands............................................... 19
6.5. Multiplexing.................................................... 20
6.5.1. General................................................. 20
6.5.2. Transport Stream........................................ 20
6.5.3. Service Information..................................... 20
6.6. Source Coding................................................... 21

7. ASTRA SATELLITE INFORMATION........................................... 22
7.1. ASTRA 1 series.................................................. 22
7.1.1. ASTRA 1 Transponder Frequency Plan...................... 22
7.2. ASTRA 2 series.................................................. 31
7.2.1. ASTRA 2 Transponder Frequency Plan...................... 31

8. ORBITAL POSITION / STATION KEEPING.................................... 35

9. BEACON INFORMATION.................................................... 35
9.1. ASTRA 1A and ASTRA 1B Beacon Details............................ 36
9.2. ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G and 1H Beacon Details.................. 36
9.3. ASTRA 2A Beacon Details......................................... 36
9.4. ASTRA 2B Beacon Details......................................... 37

Annex 1.................................................................... 38
MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)...................................... 38
</TABLE>

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ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

ii
<PAGE> 35
1. INTRODUCTION

- - The desired signal quality and availability are achieved;

- - Harmful interference is not produced in the other transmissions carried by
any ASTRA spacecraft;

- - The interference produced in other satellite systems will not exceed the
coordinated levels.

This document outlines the specifications established by SES in order to achieve
those objectives. Access to a specific ASTRA satellite will only be granted
after compliance to the specifications has been demonstrated to the satisfaction
of SES.

In case of contradiction between the ASTRA Access Agreement and the Customer's
Transponder Agreement, the latter shall prevail.

The following definitions are utilised in this document:

OPERATOR - Person, firm, corporation or other legal entity using an ASTRA
transponder.

SATELLITE CONTROL FACILITY (SCF) - SES earth station complex located at
Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION FACILITY (DTF) - Part of the SES earth station complex,
located at Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, in which digital services are
handled.

ANALOGUE NETWORK OPERATIONS CENTRE (NOC) - The monitor and control center for
all analogue ASTRA services, located at the SCF. This provides a 24 hour monitor
and control network reporting point for service quality monitoring and problem
resolution for the ASTRA analogue satellites.

DIGITAL NETWORK OPERATIONS CENTRE (DINO) - The monitor and control centre for
all ASTRA digital services, located at the DTF. This provides a 24 hour monitor
and control network reporting point for service quality monitoring and problem
resolution for the ASTRA digital satellites.

REFERENCE STANDARD EARTH STATION (RSES) - These stations are highly maintained
up- and downlinks to be used in developing baseline performance standards for
transmissions carried by the ASTRA satellites.

ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

1
<PAGE> 36
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SATELLITE REFERENCE STANDARD EARTH STATION
--------- --------------------------------
<S> <C>
ASTRA 1A...........................BTZ # 2
ASTRA 1B...........................BTZ # 3
ASTRA 1C...........................BTZ # 4
ASTRA 1D...........................BTZ # 5
ASTRA 1E...........................BTZ # 6
ASTRA 1F...........................BTZ # 10
ASTRA 1G...........................BTZ # 12
ASTRA 1H...........................BTZ # 14
ASTRA 2A...........................BTZ # 13
ASTRA 2B...........................BTZ # 15
</TABLE>

Table 1. ASTRA REFERENCE STANDARD EARTH STATIONS

2. ANTENNA SYSTEM

2.1 GENERAL

A dedicated antenna system shall be used for access to any ASTRA satellite.
Simultaneous access to two or more ASTRA satellites by a single antenna system
is not permitted, but it is permitted for one antenna to access a single
spacecraft in both the FSS and BSS bands. By using a dedicated antenna system as
specified herein for a given ASTRA satellite, link performance in terms of
uplink and downlink Carrier/Thermal Noise (C/N) and Carrier/Cross Polar
Interference (C/X) can be maintained.

2.2 FREQUENCY RANGE

The antenna system is required to meet all the specifications set in the next
items operating in the appropriate FSS or BSS frequency range.

The uplink frequency ranges for the different ASTRA satellites (primary and
back-up bands) are shown in the following Table 2.

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ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

FSS BSS

Satellite 12.75-13.25 13.75-14.00 14.00-14.50 17.30-18.10

<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASTRA 1A..... A-Band
ASTRA 1B..... B-Band
ASTRA 1C..... C-Band A-Band
ASTRA 1D..... D-Band C-Band B-Band E-Band
ASTRA 1E..... D-Band C-Band B-Band E-Band
ASTRA 1F..... A-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 1G..... G-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 1H..... G-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 2A..... G-Band E-Band F-Band
ASTRA 2B..... G-Band B-Band E-Band F-Band

</TABLE>

Table 2. ASTRA Uplink Frequency Bands

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ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

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<PAGE> 38
2.3. OFF-AXIS ANTENNA GAIN PATTERN

The gain, (expressed in dBi), relative to an isotropic antenna, at any off-axis
angle (-) (expressed in degrees) shall comply with the following:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FREQUENCY RANGE (GHz) GAIN (dBi) ANGULAR RANGE
- --------------------- ---------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
14.00 - 14.50 . . . . . G </- 29 - 25 log (-) 1 degree < (-) </- 20 degrees
G </- 32 - 25 log (-) 20 degrees < (-) </- 48 degrees
G </- -10 48 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees
12.75 - 13.25 . . . . . G </- 29 - 25 log (-) 0.5 degrees < (-) </- 36.3 degrees
13.75 - 14.00 . . . . . G </- -10 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees
17.30 - 18.10 . . . . . G </- 29 - 25 log (-) 1 degree < (-) </- 36.3 degrees
G </- -10 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees
</TABLE>

2.4. POLARISATION

FSS band: 30 dB
BSS band: 35 dB

2.5. MOTORISATION, ANTENNA POINTING AND TRACKING

Permanent uplink antennas shall be motorised in both azimuth and elevation to
enable rapid repointing in case of necessity, and to facilitate accurate antenna
pattern measurements.

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ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
1 AUGUST 1996 CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

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<PAGE> 39
3. RF EQUIPMENT

The RF equipment, including any redundant equipment, is required to meet all
the specifications set out in the following sections 3.1 to 3.6.

3.1. FREQUENCY RANGE AND AGILITY

It shall be possible to set the carrier centre frequency to within +-125 kHz.

3.2. E.I.R.P. CAPABILITY

The e.i.r.p. will be established by SES based on the utilised channel and on
the uplink geographical location.

The uplink e.i.r.p. stability shall be equal to or better than +-0.5 dB
including antenna pointing and tracking errors.

Means shall be provided to allow adjustment of the carrier level to within 0.5
dB of the specified value.

3.3. TRANSMITTER INHIBIT

In order to comply with this requirement, the Operator shall provide
continuous manning of the uplink site or a remote control system to another
location which will be manned continuously.

The transmitter shall utilise a system which automatically inhibits the
transmission of a chain upon the detection of failure conditions such as loss
of phase lock on an upconverter or excessive HPA transmit power. This system may
also be designed to, alternatively, switch the transmission to a stand-by chain.

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<PAGE> 40
3.4. OUT-OF-BAND E.I.R.P. EMISSION

- -- The out-of-band on-axis e.i.r.p. emissions in the 12.75 - 13.25, 13.75 -
14.50, and 17.30 - 18.10 GHz bands, resulting from spurious output, must
not exceed 4.0 dBW/4 kHz;

- -- The out-of-band on-axis e.i.r.p. emissions in the 12.75 - 13.25, 13.75 -
14.50, and 17.30 - 18.10 GHz bands, resulting from intermodulation
products, must not exceed 12.0 dBW/4 kHz.

3.5. OFF-AXIS E.I.R.P. DENSITY

For the frequency range 14.00 - 14.50 GHz, based on ITU-R Report 1001:

<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
35 - 25log (-) dBW/40 kHz for 2.5 degrees </- (-) </- 48 degrees
-7 dBW/40 kHz for 48 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees
</TABLE>

For the frequency range 12.75 - 13.25 GHz based on the ITU Appendix 30B planned
limits (averaged over the necessary bandwidth of 26 MHz:

<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
-25 - 25log (-) dBW/kHz for 0.5 degrees </- (-) </- 36.3 degrees
-64 dBW/kHz for 36.3 < (-) </- 180 degrees
</TABLE>

For the frequency range 13.75 - 14.00 GHz, the antenna must fully comply with
the antenna specification (section 2.3).

For the frequency range 17.30 - 18.10 GHz, the input power to the antenna shall
not exceed 30 dBW in a single transponder, and the antenna must conform fully
with the antenna specification (section 2.3).

3.6. FREQUENCY STABILITY

The RF frequency tolerance of the transmitted carrier shall be equal to or
better than +/- 150 kHz, long and short term stability.

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<PAGE> 41
4. AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS

4.1. FM TV TRANSMISSION IN FSS AND BSS BANDS

The earth station IF uplink filter shall be provided in the uplink chain and
shall conform to the amplitude limits shown in Figure 4.1.1.

The group delay produced by transmit earth station IF and RF equipment --
including the up-converter, IF filter, HPA, RF filter combiners, feed and
transmission lines -- shall be equalised to the limits given in Figure 4.1.2.

[FIGURE 239A]
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dB)
---------------------------- ----------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A B C D a b c d
---- ---- ---- ---- --- --- --- ----
20.2 25.2 28.9 40.0 0.2 2.2 8.3 25.0
</TABLE>
Figure 4.1.1 IF UPLINK FILTER AMPLITUDE RESPONSE

[FIGURE 239B]

FREQUENCY (MHz) GROUP DELAY (ns)
---------------------------- ----------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A/3 A H f g h
----- ---- ----- --- --- ----
6.7 20.2 24.6 2.0 3.0 12.0
</TABLE>
Figure 4.1.2 IF UPLINK FILTER GROUP DELAY RESPONSE

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<PAGE> 42
4.2. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION IN FSS AND BSS BANDS

For the FSS or BSS transmit channel from upconverter input to antenna output,
the total amplitude and group delay distortions shall not exceed the values
specified in Table 4.2.1.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FSS BSS
------------ -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FREQUENCY (MHZ)................. 26 30 33 39
Amplitude variation (dB pp)...... 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7
Group delay variation (nss pp)... 6.0 8.0 6.0 8.0
</TABLE>

Table 4.2.1 AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS

In the case where an RF channel filter network is used, the amplitude and group
dealy masks specified in Figure 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 shall be met from the HPA output
to the antenna output.

(FIGUE 240)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dB)
------------------------ -----------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A B C a b c
--- --- --- --- --- ---
FSS........... 26 30 114 0.25 0.35 35
BSS........... 33 39 123
</TABLE>
Figure 4.2.1 RF CHANNEL FILTER AMPLITUDE RESPONSE

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<PAGE> 43

[FIGURE 241]

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) GROUP DELAY (ns)
---- ----------------- ------------------
A B a b
--- --- --- ---
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FSS............. 26 30 3.5 5.0
BSS............. 33 39
</TABLE>
Figure 4.2.2. RF CHANNEL GROUP DELAY MASK

4.3 GROUP DELAY EQUALISATION

Equalisation capability shall be provided at the earth station for intrinsic
group delay in the earth station transmit equipment and for group delay in the
satellite transponder.

The maximum range of satellite group delay to be equalised at the earth station
is given below:

- -- Linear : +/-1.0 ns/MHz

- -- Parabolic : 0.5 ns/MHz(2)

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<PAGE> 44
5. BASEBAND PARAMETERS FOR FM TV TRANSMISSION

5.1. GENERAL

In general the baseband television signal parameters defined shall be designed
in accordance with the relevant definitions and standards for that system and
as authorised by SES.

5.2. PAL TRANSMISSION STANDARD

5.2.1 VIDEO SIGNAL

The transmitted video signal shall correspond to that of ITU-R Report 624-4 and
Recommendation 472-3, using PAL values with a maximum video signal bandwidth of
5 MHz.

A lowpass filter at the video input to the modulator shall reject any signal
above 6 MHz by at least 40 dB. Up to 5 MHz this filter shall have a group
ripple of less than +/-20 ns.

The following items present information concerning the basic modulation
parameters.

5.2.1.1. FREQUENCY DEVIATION

The utilised peak-to-peak frequency deviation for the video signal shall be 16
MHz/V, assuming the difference between white and black levels to be 0.7 V.

5.2.1.2. ENERGY DISPERSAL

- -- In the presence of a modulating signal: 2.0 MHz

- -- In the absence of a modulating signal: 4.0 MHz

The utilised pre-emphasis network shall be that defined in the ITU-R
Recommendation 405-1 (625 lines).

5.2.2. ON LINE TESTING

Test signal Line Line Line
----------- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CCIR 17............17 18 19
CCIR 18............18 or 19 or 20
CCIR 330...........330 331 332
CCIR 331...........331 332 333
</TABLE>

In addition line 22 shall always be used as a "quiet" line to allow the
measurement of end-to-end signal/noise ratio or for other purposes specified by
SES.

5.2.3. AUDIO SIGNALS

5.2.3.1. AUDIO CHANNEL MODES

Only those subcarriers specified in the Customer's Transponder Agreement shall
be utilised and only subcarrier modulation equipment approved by SES shall be
employed.

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<PAGE> 46

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Characteristics measured Waveform used Line number
- ------------------------ --------------------------------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Linear distortions

Insertion gain............................ B(2) Bar 17 and 330
Amplitude/frequency response.............. C(2) and C(1) Multiburst 18
Line-time waveform distortion............. B(2) Bar 17 and 330
Short-time waveform distortion:
-- step response........................ B(2) Bar 17 and 330
-- pulse response....................... B(1) 2T 17 and 330

Chrominance-luminance gain inequality..... B(2) and G, or G(2) Bar & Subcarr. 17 and 330, 331
B(2) and F Bar & 20T 17

Chrominance-luminance delay inequality.... F 20T 17

Non-linear distortions

Luminance line-time non-linearity......... D(1) Staircase 17
Chrominance non-linearity................. G(2) 3 Step Subcarr. 331
Luminance-chrominance intermodulation:
-- differential gain.................... D(2) Modulated 330
-- differential phase................... D(2) and E Staircase 330, 331
Chrominance-luminance intermodulation..... B(2) and G(1) or G(2) Bar & Subcarr. 17,331
</TABLE>

Table from CCITT-Rec No. 67
Figure 5.2.2.1 VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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<PAGE> 47

[FIGURE 249A]

[FIGURE 245B]

Figure 5.2.2.2. VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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<PAGE> 48

[FIGURE 246A]

[FIGURE 246B]

Figure 5.2.2.3. VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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<PAGE> 49
5.2.3.2. SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY

The audio subcarriers shall utilise only the frequencies presented in Table
5.2.3.2.1, and shall only be used in the manner indicated in column "Type'',
and in accordance with Section 5.2.3.1.

TYPE FREQUENCY (MHZ)

<S> <C>
Digital Only......................................................... 6.12@
Digital Only......................................................... 6.30@
Digital Only......................................................... 6.48@
Digital Only......................................................... 6.66@
Digital Only......................................................... 6.84@
TV sound (A:L/M)..................................................... 7.02
TV sound (A:R/M)..................................................... 7.20
D or A (L/M)......................................................... 7.38
D or A (R/M)......................................................... 7.56
D or A (L/M)......................................................... 7.74
D or A (R/M)......................................................... 7.92
Digital Only......................................................... 8.10*
Digital Only......................................................... 8.28*
Digital Only......................................................... 8.46#
Low Speed Data for network control.................................... 8.595#
</TABLE>

Table 5.2.3.2.1 SUBCARRIERS FREQUENCIES

A = analogue companded system with Panda(R)-1 parameters.
D = digital stereo 192 kbit/s QPSK signal using ISO 11172-3 Layer II
parameters.
L = left stereo R = right stereo M = mono
* - Frequency tolerance of +/-0.005 MHz for all subcarriers
@ - As an option these five subcarriers may be replaced by a single
non-companded analogue subcarrier at 6.50 MHz used for mono TV sound.
# - In some applications the use of this subcarrier may be restricted to
prevent degradation of the picture quality.
(R) - Panda is a registered trademark of WEGENER Communications Inc.

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<PAGE> 50
5.2.3.3. SUBCARRIER BANDWIDTH

A 130 kHz nominal bandwidth shall be utilised for all the analogue companded or
digital audio subcarriers. In the case of the non-companded mono subcarrier, the
nominal bandwidth of the modulated signal shall be 200 kHz.

5.2.3.4. SUBCARRIER MODULATION INDEX

The modulation index of the subcarrier, BETAsc, is given by the following
expression:

BETAsc = Osc/Fsc

Where Osc is the peak deviation produced by the subcarrier in the TV carrier and
Fsc is the frequency of the subcarrier, both Osc and Fsc being given in MHz.

For the analogue companded subcarriers, a modulation index of 0.15 shall be
utilised. For the digital audio subcarriers, a modulation index of 0.12 shall be
utilised. For the network control subcarrier (8.595 MHz) a modulation index 0.10
shall be utilised. In the case of the non-companded mono subcarrier a modulation
index of 0.26 shall be utilised.

5.2.3.5. ANALOGUE AUDIO

5.2.3.5.1 ANALOGUE AUDIO DEVIATION

The peak frequency deviation produced by a 9 dBm0 test on the analogue companded
subcarriers shall be +/- 50 kHz. In the case of the non-companded mono
subcarrier, a 9 dBm0 test tone shall produce a peak frequency deviation of
+/- 85 kHz.

5.2.3.5.1 ANALOGUE AUDIO BANDWIDTH

All the analogue audio channels shall provide an audio baseband ranging from
20 Hz to 15 kHz.

5.2.3.5.3. PRE-EMPHASIS
The analogue companded subcarriers shall utilise 75 mu's together
with an adaptive pre-emphasis compatible with the WEGENER Communications
Panda(R)-l system. The pre-emphasis time constant of the non-companded audio
subcarrier shall be 50 mu's.

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<PAGE> 51
5.2.3.6. DIGITAL AUDIO

The digital audio subcarriers shall utilise ISO 11172-3 Layer II coding system
to achieve a CD quality stereo channel and shall conform with the SES document
"ASTRA DIGITAL RADIO (ADR)".

5.2.3.6.1. SAMPLING METHOD

5.2.3.6.2 MODULATION METHOD

The digital audio signals shall be modulated using the differential QPSK method,
with a convolutional code of rate 3/4, with constraint length 7. CCITT V.35
scrambling shall be employed. An appropriate filter mask shall be applied in the
modulator to limit the bandwidth to the same value as for an analogue companded
subcarrier.

5.2.3.6.3. AUXILIARY DATA

The format of any auxiliary data in the ISO 11172-3 Layer II data stream shall
be agreed by SES in writing.

5.2.3.7. NETWORK CONTROL CARRIER

The maximum data rate shall be 14.4 kbit/s using asynchronous FSK modulation.
The modulation index shall be 0.10.

5.2.4 TELETEXT

The Teletext signal shall conform to the specifications for Teletext System B as
defined in ITU-R Recommendation 653, for the case of a 625/50 television system.

THE VBI (VERTICAL BLANKING INTERVAL) SHALL NOT BE USED FOR TRANSMISSION OF ANY
OTHER TYPE OF INFORMATION OR SIGNAL WITHOUT PREVIOUS AUTHORISATION IN WRITING
FROM SES.

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<PAGE> 52
6. CHANNEL CODING, MODULATION, MULTIPLEXING AND SOURCE CODING FOR DIGITAL
SERVICES

6.1. GENERAL

Channel coding and modulation equipment shall conform to the following
specifications:

ETS 300 421

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite
services.

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

The transmitted RF carrier spectrum shall not be inverted with respect to the
modulator output spectrum. The phase accuracy at the modulator output shall be
+/- 2 degrees. The amplitude accuracy at the modulator output shall be +/- 0.2
dB.

6.2. MODULATION

6.2.1. BBS BANDS

The modulation shall be QPSK at a transmission bit rate of 55.0 Mbit/s, in order
to operate with a single carrier at a fixed symbol rate of 27.5 Msym/s.

6.2.2. FSS BANDS

The modulation shall be QPSK at a transmission bit rate of 44.0 Mbit/s, in order
to operate with a single carrier at a fixed symbol rate of 22.0 Msym/s.

6.2.3. EARTH STATION DEGRADATION

The Eb/No degradation (for the case of FEC 3/4 and BER = 10(7)) caused by the
earth station equipment shall be less than 0.5 dB. This value shall be verified
in a station loop including baseband, IF and RF equipment of the uplink and
downlink chain.

6.3. CHANNEL CODING

Forward Error Correction (FEC) shall conform to the specifications given in
section 6.1 and shall permit the use of one or more of the following FEC ratios;
1/2, 2/3, 3/4 or (in the case of FSS 26 MHz bandwidth) 5/6.

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<PAGE> 53
6.4 POWER SPECTRUM DENSITY MASK

6.4.1 BSS BANDS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Frequency Offset (+/-) Amplitude
(MHz) (dB)
- ---------------------- --------- [FIGURE 251A]
<S> <C>
0 - 19.50 0.0
19.50 - 29.25 -25.0
>/- 40.00 -40.0 FIGURE 6.4.1 BSS POWER SPECTRUM MASK
</TABLE>

6.4.2 FSS BANDS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Frequency Offset (+/-) Amplitude
(MHz) (dB)
- ---------------------- --------- [FIGURE 251B]
<S> <C>
0 - 14.75 0.0
14.75 - 22.50 -25.0
>/- 30.00 -40.0 FIGURE 6.4.2 FSS POWER SPECTRUM MASK
</TABLE>

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<PAGE> 54
6.5. MULTIPLEXING

6.5.1. GENERAL

Multiplexing of video, audio, and data signals shall conform to the following
specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-1

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 1: Systems).

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

6.5.2. TRANSPORT STREAM

The Transport Stream (excluding error correcting code overhead) shall operate at
one of the following bit rates, dependent on the FEC to be used:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Transport Stream bit rate
FEC ratio (Mbit/s)
--------- -------------------------
BSS FSS
----- -----
<S> <C> <C>
1/2............ 25.34 20.27
2/3............ 33.79 27.03
3/4............ 38.01 30.41
5/6............ n.a. 33.79
</TABLE>

6.5.3. SERVICE INFORMATION

Service Information shall conform to the following specifications:

ETS 300 468

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
Specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video Broadcasting
(DVB) systems.

ETR 211

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Guidelines on implementation and usage of
service information.

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<PAGE> 55
It is further required to receive the original ASTRA NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE
(NIT) uplinked from Betzdorf and to re-transmit this table in intervals of at
least 10 seconds on each locally uplinked ASTRA transponder.

The last version of the original NIT should be kept in memory. This ensures an
uninterrupted availability of the NIT in case the original NIT cannot be
received.

By means of the local service Information editing station, the transponder
specific parts of the NIT can be modified/updated at any time.

A MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT) has been defined to provide a mechanism for
conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all multiplexes to the
central Network Operations Centre at Betzdorf.

The local uplinks should generate such MDT in the case a service failure occurs
for longer than 10 seconds, i.e. if a service component (video, audio, subtitle
or accompanied data) or a Service Information component (NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT)
is missing.

This involves that the local encoders signal corresponding failure information
to the local multiplex controller that shall generate the MDT. After the failure
has been eliminated, the local uplink stops transmitting the MDT.

Details on the Multiplex Diagnostic Table concept can be found in Annex 1.

In addition it is recommended that a transmitted SERVICE DESCRIPTION TABLE (SDT)
includes the service information about all services on the respective
transponder on which it is transmitted, and that an EVENT INFORMATION TABLE
(EIT) includes the event information about all present and following events for
all services on the respective transponder.

6.6. SOURCE CODING

Source coding of video and audio signals shall conform to the following
specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-2/-3

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 2: Video and
Part 3: Audio).

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

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<PAGE> 56
7. ASTRA SATELLITE INFORMATION

7.1. ASTRA 1 SERIES

The eight satellite at the 19.2 degrees East orbital position, ASTRA 1H will be
launched to provide backup capability for the other satellites at that position.

7.1.1. ASTRA 1 TRANSPONDER FREQUENCY PLAN

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TRANSPONDER UPLINK DOWNLINK
----------- ------ --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Odd.................... Vertical Horizontal
Even................... Horizontal Vertical
</TABLE>

Table 7.1 - ASTRA 1 TRANSPONDER POLARISATION SCHEME

All the ASTRA 1 satellites provide four different downlink coverage modes, as
detailed in Tables 7.1.a. to 7.1.b. These four modes provide different
coverage, concentrating more downlink power in different regions of Europe.

SATELLITE ASTRA 1A ASTRA 1B ASTRA 1C ASTRA 1D
--------- -------- -------- -------- --------
MODE TRANSPONDER
-------- -------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal 1 1,5,9,13 17,21,25,29 33,37,41,45 49,53,57,61
Horizontal 2 3,7,11,15 19,23,27,31 35,39,43,47,63 51,55,59,63
Vertical 1 4,8,12,16 20,24,28,32 36,40,44,48,64 52,56,60,64
Vertical 2 2,6,10,14 18,22,26,30 34,38,42,46 50,54,58,62

</TABLE>
TABLE 7.1.A. - ASTRA 1A TO 1D DOWNLINK

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SATELLITE ASTRA 1E ASTRA 1F ASTRA 1G

MODE TRANSPONDER

<S> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal + ..... 65, 69, 73, 77, 81 85, 89, 93, 97, 101 105, 109, 113, 117
Horizontal - ..... 67, 71, 75, 79 83, 87, 91, 95, 99, 103 107, 111, 115, 119
Vertical - ....... 68, 72, 76, 80 84, 88, 92, 96, 100, 104 108, 112, 116, 120
Vertical + ....... 66, 70, 74, 78, 82 86, 90, 94, 98, 102 106, 110, 114, 118

Table 7.1.b. ASTRA 1E to 1G DOWNLINK

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</TABLE>
23

<PAGE> 58

[FIGURE 256]

Figure 7.1 a A-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 59

[FIGURE 257]

Figure 7.1 b B-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 60

[FIGURE 258]

Figure 7.1 c C-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 61

[FIGURE 259]

Figure 7.1 d D-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 62

[FIGURE 260]

Figure 7.1 e E-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 63

[FIGURE 261]

Figure 7.1 f F-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 64

[FIGURE 262]

Figure 7.1 g G-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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<PAGE> 65
7.2. ASTRA 2 SERIES

7.2. ASTRA 2 TRANSPONDER FREQUENCY PLAN

Figures 7.2.a. and 7.2.b. present the ASTRA 2 satellite frequency plans. All
transponders are linearly polarised, utilising the polarisation scheme
presented in Table 7.2. The two polarisations are orthogonal to each other and
the horizontal polarisation has a counter-clockwise rotation of 7.5 degrees
relative to the orbit plane, as viewed from the satellite.

<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
Transponder Uplink Downlink
Odd................... Vertical Horizontal
Even.................. Horizontal Vertical
</TABLE>
Table 7.2. - ASTRA 2 TRANSPONDER POLARISATION SCHEME

All the ASTRA 2 satellites provide different downlink coverage modes, as
detailed in Table 7.2.a. These four modes provide different coverage,
concentrating more downlink power in different regions of Europe.

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<PAGE> 66

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SATELLITE ASTRA 2A ASTRA 2B
- --------- ------------------------------ -----------------------------
TRANSPONDER
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pol. Beam E-Band F-Band F-Band G-Band
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal ........ South 1, 5, 9, 13, 17 21, 25 29, 33, 37 41, 45, 49, 53

Horizontal ........ North 3, 7, 11, 15 19, 23, 27 31. 35. 39 43, 47, 51, 55

Vertical .......... South 2, 6, 10, 14, 18 22, 26, 30, 34, 38 42, 46, 50, 64

Vertical .......... North 4, 8, 12, 16 20, 24, 28 32, 36, 40 44, 48, 52, 56
</TABLE>

Table 7.2.a. -- ASTRA 2A AND 2B DOWNLINK

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[FIGURE 265]

Figure 7.2 a ASTRA 2A FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 266]

Figure 7.2 b ASTRA 2B Frequency Plan

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8. ORBITAL POSITION/STATION KEEPING

The nominal orbital position of the ASTRA 1 satellites is 19.2 degrees East. The
orbital position of the ASTRA 2 satellites is 28.2 degrees East.

Under normal operating conditions SES will maintain the ASTRA satellites within
the following station-keeping box:

+/- 0.10 degrees North/South
+/- 0.10 degrees East/West

9. BEACON INFORMATION

The following table shows the beacon frequencies (MHz) for the different
spacecraft:

Vertical Horizontal
-------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
ASTRA 1A.............. 11203.0 11446.5
ASTRA 1B............... 11453.5 11696.5
ASTRA 1C............... 11451.0 11448.5
ASTRA 1D............... 11454.0 11447.5
ASTRA 1E............... 11202.0 10948.5
ASTRA 1F............... 11201.0 10946.5
ASTRA 1G............... 11701.0 11699.0
ASTRA 1H............... 11707.0 11693.5
ASTRA 2A............... 11706.0 11694.5
ASTRA 2B............... 11708.0
11710.0
</TABLE>

Table 9.1 BEACON FREQUENCIES (MHz)

At least one beacon will always be operational per spacecraft.

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9.1 ASTRA 1A AND ASTRA 1B BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to both ASTRA 1A and ASTRA 1B.

PCM Telemetry : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by PCM (Biphase L)
telemetry to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1 radians. Data
rate is 1 kbit/s.

Analog Telemetry : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by frequency modulated
14.5 kHz subcarrier to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1
radians.

Ranging : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by ranging signals at
19 kHz or 27.777 kHz to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1
radians.

Ranging + PCM
Telemetry : Phase modulation of beacon carrier by composite ranging
signals at 19 kHz or 27.777 kHz together with PCM telemetry
data signal to a peak deviation of 1.0+0.1 radians. In
absence of ranging signals, the deviation of PCM data alone
is 0.5+/-0.05 radians.

There are four ranging tones. The first three ranging tones at 35.43 Hz,
283.45 Hz and 3968.25 Hz serially frequency modulate the 19 kHz subcarrier.
The fourth ranging tone is at 27.777 kHz.

9.2. ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H AND 2A BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to the beacons on ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F,
1G, 1H and 2A.

During ranging mode, the 32 kHz subcarrier is switched off and the beacon is
phase modulated by sequences of 4 ranging tones with a modulation index of
1.00+/-0.15 radians.

9.4. ASTRA 2B BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to the beacons on ASTRA 2B.

During PCM mode, the beacon is phase modulated (PM) by a telemetry
subcarrier with a subcarrier frequency of 32 kHz and a peak modulation index of
1.5 radians. The subcarrier is coherent PSK modulated by telemetry data.

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During ranging mode, the 32 kHz subcarrier is switched off and the
beacon is phase modulated by a ranging tone, which itself is modulated by
an ambiguity resolution code. The peak modulation index during ranging is
0.7 radians.

During simultaneous PCM and ranging on the TM downlink signal, the
PCM-modulated 32 kHz subcarrier and ranging tone are combined into one
baseband signal, which modulates the main carrier with max. effective
modulation indices of 1.4 radians for the PCM-signal and 0.4 radians for the
ranging tone.

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ANNEX 1

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

1 INTRODUCTION

In a digital broadcast environment with a multitude of services there is a need
for highly automated means to monitor and subsequently to provide information
(e.g. failure messages) about the availability of services as well as of
service components such as video, audio and subtitling and of Service
information tables.

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport
mechanism, the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined. This system
will serve for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all
DVB/MPEG-2 multiplexes on ASTRA to the central Digital Network Operations
Centre (DINO) of Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES).

2 FUNCTIONALITY

MDTs can be generated at any point in the transmission chain to signal missing
streams (e.g. video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) or Service
Information components (e.g. NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) within a multiplex. As the
underlying concept of the MDT system is to detect and signal failures at the
point where they are generated, the system supervisor of the DVB/MPEG-2
encoding, multiplexing and modulation equipment should monitor the correct
functioning of all equipment modules and should generate an MDT in the case a
service failure occurs for longer than 10 seconds.

MDTs shall then be periodically transmitted every 10 seconds until the failure
is fixed. In addition to faulty equipment modules also missing input streams
can be identified by subsequent modules in the transmission chain which then
generate corresponding MDTs.

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3 SYNTAX OF THE MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

The syntax of the MDT is conforming to the one defined in the standard ISO/IEC
13818-1 for the definition of private sections.

As defined in that standard, private data may be sent in transport stream
packets with PID not listed in the Program Map Table sections.

multiplex diagnostic section()[
table id 8 uimsbf
section syntax indicator 1 bslbf
SES reserved 1 bslbf
ISO reserved 2 bslbf
section length 12 uimsbf
transport stream id 16 uimsbf
original network id 16 uimsbf
MDT version number 4 uimsbf
Fault source 12 uimsbf
Fault type 16 uimsbf
for (1=0;i<N;i++)[
Fault major 16 uimsbf
Fault minor 16 uimsbf
]

Table id = 0xB0

Section syntax indicator = 0

SES reserved = 1

Transport stream id: This is a 16 bit field which serves as a label to identify
the transport stream where the error or warning has occurred.

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ORIGINAL NETWORK ID: This 16 bit field gives the label identifying the
network id of the originating delivery system of the transport stream where the
error or warning has occured.

MDT VERSION NUMBER: This 4 bit field identifies the version number of the MDT
structure. Currently, the MDT version number shall be set to "0".

FAULT MAJOR: This 16 bit field provides more detailed information about the
errors or warnings as defined by the Fault type. Depending on the value of the
Fault type, the Fault major has different meanings. Currently, only the values
given in Table 4 and 5 are defined. If for a Fault type no Fault major code is
defined, the loop within the MDT shall be empty. If for a Fault type several
Fault major codes are defined the loop may contain more than one of these
codes. In case of missing components of a service (Fault type = 0x0100) the
Fault major code is equal to the service id of this service.

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TABLE 1; FAULT SCORE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------
Fault score range Description
- --------------------------- ----------------------------

<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001,...,0x0064 SI-editing & controller
0x0065,...,0x01F4 Audio encoder
0x01F5,...,0x0226 Video encoder
0x0227,...,0x03B6 Data inserter
0x03B7,...,0x03E8 CA system
0x03E9,...,0x041A Multiplexer
0x041B,...,0x044C Re-Multiplier
0x044D,...,0x047E Modulator
0x047F,...,0x060E Decoder
0x060F,...,0x0640 Network termination
0x0641,...,0x0A00 ASTRA reserved
0x0A01,...,0x0FFF User defined

</TABLE>

TABLE 2: FAULT TYPE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------
Fault type Description
- --------------------------- ----------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001 NIT missing
0x0002 SDT missing
0x0004 EIT missing
0x0008 TDT missing
0x0009 PAT missing
0x000A CAT missing
0x0100 Component of service missing
Other fault type <= 0x0800 ASTRA reserved
Fault type > 0x0800 User defined

</TABLE>

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Table 3: Fault minor codes for Fault type value = 0x0100 (COMPONENT MISSING)
(Fault major specifies the service id of the service missing components.)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault minor
if Fault type = 0x0100 DESCRIPTION
---------------------- ------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
0x0001 Video component missing
0x0002 Audio component missing
0x0004 EBU Teletext subtitles missing
0x0008 Associated EBU Teletext missing
0x0010 Data component missing
0x0020 DVB subtitling missing
0x0040 PMT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

Table 4: (Fault major codes for Fault type value = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault minor
if Fault type = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING) DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------ --------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>

0x0001 DVB-SI SDT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

Table 5: Fault major codes for Fault type value = 0x0004 (EIT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault minor
if Faulttype = 0x0004 (EIT missing) DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------ --------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>

0x0001 DVB-SI EIT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

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(ASTRA LOGO)

ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION
UPDATE SYSTEM
(ASIUS)

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

SES - ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYE - 045/12-96

06 December 1996

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................... 2

2 CONCEPT OF THE ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION UPDATE SYSTEM ............ 2

3 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ASUIS ...................................... 5

3.1 SI Data Structures considered by ASIUS........................ 5

3.1.1 Network Information Table (NIT)........................ 5

3.1.2 Service Description Table (SDT)........................ 5

3.1.3 Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT)....................... 9

3.2 SI Data Acquisition........................................... 9

3.3 SI Data Processing............................................ 10

3.4 SI Data Distribution.......................................... 10

4 GLOSSARY.................................... ...................... 12

5 REFERENCES......................................................... 13

ANNEX 1............................................................ 14

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1 INTRODUCTION

Service Information (SI) systems for Digital Video Broadcast are considered
by broadcasters and also by network operators as one of the crucial
elements in digital transmission of video, audio and data signals. With the
plethora of services being available in the digital age, an effective means
of guiding consumers around the various services on offer is an essential
pre-requisite of any consumer oriented digital transmission and reception
system. Beyond informing about the available services, there is also a need
to allow for the quick acquisition of any service that can be received.

Based on the DVB SI specification Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES)
has developed the ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) for
providing tuning information and also for informing the digital IRDs about
all services on the ASTRA network. In addition ASIUS monitors the Service
Information on all transponders, checks the presence and the correctness of
this data and provides also diagnostics information on the consistency of
the multiplexes.

2 CONCEPT OF THE ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION UPDATE SYSTEM

The ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) is an application of
the DVB Service Information specification as standardised in ETS 300468/1/
and may serve the Digital Satellite IRD to quickly tune to the receivable
services on ASTRA. It also enables the presentation of services and
broadcasters in a convenient way to the consumer.

This is achieved by compiling and transmitting an ASTRA Network
Information Table (ASTRA NIT) providing tuning information as well as an
ASTRA Service Description Table (ASTRA SDT) containing information about
all services on all transponders on the ASTRA network. Thus the IRD is
enabled to present the names of all services on ASTRA, the names of all
corresponding broadcasters (service providers) and the service types such
as TV, Radio, Teletext or data services, without having to tune to each
transponder.

The concept for the ASIUS involves the transmission of the ASTRA NIT on
each transponder. This NIT conveys information about the physical
parameters of all multiplexes on ASTRA (frequency, symbol rate, etc.) as
well as the information about the network itself (ID, name, satellite
position).

Furthermore, the concept involves the transmission of the ASTRA SDT on two
ASTRA Service Information channels (Barker Channels), one with horizontal
and one with vertical polarization.

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As it is the objective to provide up-to-date network information and service
description data about all transponders on ASTRA, a concept for an automatic
updating of the ASTRA NIT/SDT has been developed, considering all updates from
the Betzdorf earth station as well as the remote uplinks.

The ASTRA NIT is mainly under the administration of SES (network operator)
except for parts as e.g. the Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme which may be
adjusted by the remote uplink operators.

The multiplex specific SDTs are under the administration of the broadcasters.
ASIUS receives the SDTs transmitted on all transponders, extracts those parts
directly related to each respective transponder and compiles an ASTRA SDT with
service description information (e.g. service names, service providers,
service types) about all services on ASTRA.

[FIGURE 278]

Figure 1: Transmission and updating of ASTRA NIT and SDT tables

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3 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ASIUS

3.1 SI DATA STRUCTURES CONSIDERED BY ASIUS

3.1.1 NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE (NIT)

For each transport stream the NIT contains a loop over transport stream related
descriptors including the satellite delivery system descriptor with information
such as frequency, polarisation, symbol rate and FEC scheme. Conveying an
optional service list descriptor in that loop of the NIT is not considered by
ASIUS.

3.1.2 ASTRA SERVICE DESCRIPTION TABLE (SDT)

The structure of the Service Description Table is illustrated in Figure 4. The
ASTRA SDT is also divided into sections according to the MPEG-2 syntax. For each
Transport Stream at least one section with service description data is
transmitted. All SDT sections include a loop over all services on the
corresponding Transport Stream. For each service a loop of descriptors including
service descriptor and country availability descriptor is conveyed. NVOD
reference descriptor and time shifted service descriptor are also considered by
ASIUS. In order to identify the actual Transport Stream on which Service
Information is received and thus to identify the relevant SI parts that have
been updated at a remote uplink, the corresponding transports stream id can be
found in each header of a service description section for the actual Transport
Stream /1/.

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[FIGURE 280]

Figure 2: Interconnection between ASIUS and the Digital NOC

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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE (NIT)

ACTUAL NETWORK OTHER NETWORK
-------------- -------------

SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>

network id
section number

FOR 1 = O ... N NETWORK DESCRIPTORS
network name descriptor
linkage descriptor

FOR 1 = O ... N TRANSPORT STREAMS
transport stream id
original network id

FOR 1 = O ... N TRANSPORT
DESCRIPTORS

delivery system descriptor

</TABLE>

Figure 3: Structure of the Network Information Table

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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SERVICE DESCRIPTION TABLE (SDT)

OTHER
TRANSPORT
ACTUAL TRANSPORT STREAM STREAM
- ------------------------------------------------ ---------
TRANSPORT STREAM 1 TRANSPORT ...
STREAM 2
- ------------------------------------- --------- ----
SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3
--------- --------- ---------

transport stream id
section number
original network id

FOR 1 = O ... N SERVICES

service id
scrambling yes/no

FOR 1 = O ... N DESCRIPTORS

service descriptor
country availability descriptor
NVOD reference descriptor
time shifted service descriptor

</TABLE>

Figure 4: Structure of the Service Description Table

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3.1.3. MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport mechanism,
the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined by SES. This system is
serving for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all
DVB/MPEG-2 multiplexes on ASTRA to the central DINO in Betzdorf.

MDTs can be generated at any point in the transmission chain to signal missing
streams (e.g. video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) or Service
Information components (e.g. NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) within a multiplex. As the
underlying concept of the MDT system is to detect and signal failures at the
point where they are generated, the system supervisor of the DVB/MPEG-2
encoding, multiplexing and modulation equipment should monitor the correct
functioning of all equipment modules and should generate an MDT in the case a
service failure occurs for longer than 10 seconds.

MDTs shall then be periodically transmitted every 10 seconds until the failure
is fixed. In addition to faulty equipment modules also missing input streams
can be identified by subsequent modules in the transmission chain which then
generate corresponding MDTs.

This principle is applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO which
can not only receive an extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but also can
generate MDTs in the case e.g. Service Information components are missing. All
MDTs are being fed via the ASIUS into the Service Availability System (SAS) of
the Digital Network Operations Centre. Upon reception of an MDT an alert is
initiated by the DINO computer system which then enables the operator to act
appropriately based on detailed transponder specific diagnostic information
provided together with the alert message.

Details about the MDT concept can be found in Annex 1.

3.2. SI Data Acquisition

The ASTRA Service Information Update System in Betzdorf includes the reception
of all Transport Streams of the ASTRA Satellite System. From these Transport
Streams the relevant SI is extracted and passed over the ASIUS processing
station. This includes the NIT for the actual network (ASTRA) and the SDT for
the actual Transport Stream. If a MDT has been received (which occurs only in
case of a failure), it will also be transferred.

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to ASIUS.

The following processing steps have been implemented in ASIUS for the SI data
acquisition:

1. Reception of the DVB/MPEG-2 Transport Streams from all ASTRA transponders.

2. Extraction of all transponders SI data (NIT, MDT, SDT, EIT, TDT). By
means of the version number mechanism provided in each section syntax,
the IRD considers only the updated parts of this data.

3. Transmission of all the updates from the IRDs to ASIUS. The IRDs
furthermore monitor the availability of the NIT, SDT, EIT and TDT
(Time and Date Table) in each Transport Stream and shall generate a
Multiplex Diagnostic Table and transmit it to the ASIUS processor, if a
failure is detected.

3.3 SI DATA PROCESSING AND MONITORING

After having received an update the ASIUS compiles a new version of the
ASTRA NIT and ASTRA SDT. Since the system has immediate access to all
SI data on the ASTRA network it monitors the presence, correctness, and also
the consistency of the SI data. In case of an erroneous situation an alarm is
triggered and the operators in the DINO are informed.

3.4 SI DATA DISTRIBUTION

After the compilation of the received SI data by the ASIUS processor, the
updated ASTRA NIT is transmitted on all transponder uplinked from Betzdorf.
The ASTRA SDT is inserted into the two transponders which contain the ASTRA
Service Information channel. In addition a linkage descriptor is inserted in
the ASTRA NIT, which is available on all transponders. This descriptor points
to transport stream ids and service ids of the ASTRA Service Information
channels.

If the consumer wants to have access to the ASTRAL SDT the IRD will read the
linkage descriptor and tune to one of the corresponding transponders. After
the reading of the ASTRA SDT all services available on the ASTRA Satellite
System could be displayed. It is however assumed that certain filter
mechanisms would be applied to the data before displaying the information in a
consumer friendly way. More details on the functionality of the ASTRA Service
Information channel are described SES' "Technical Recommendations for Digital
IRDs"/2/. A flow chart of the access functionality for the ASTRA SDT is
depicted in Figure 5.

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06 December 1996 10

<PAGE> 87

[FIGURE 285]

Figure 5: Example of the access functionality for the ASTRA SDT

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4 GLOSSARY

ASIUS ASTRA Service Information Update System

DNO Digital Network Operation Centre

DVB Digital Video Broadcasting

DTH Direct-to-Home satellite transmission

FEC Forward Error Correction

IRD Integrated Receiver Decoder

MDT Multiplex Diagnostic Table

NIT Network Information Table

NOC Network Operation Centre

NVOD Near-Video-On-Demand

SDT Service Description Table

SES Societe Europeenne des Satellites

SI Service Information

SMATV Satellite Master Antenna Television

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5 REFERENCES

/1/ ETS 300 468 "Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data
services; specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video
Broadcasting (DVB) Systems"

/2/ "Technical Recommendations for Digital Integrated Receiver Decoders", SES

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06 December 1996
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<PAGE> 90
ANNEX 1

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

1 INTRODUCTION

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport mechanism,
the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined. This system is serving
for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all DVB/MPEG-2
multiplexes on ASTRA to the central Digital Network Operations Centre (DINO) of
Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES).

2 FUNCTIONALITY

MDTs can be generated at any point in the transmission chain to signal missing
streams (e.g. video, audio, subtitle or accompanied data) or Service Information
components (e.g. NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT) within a multiplex. As the underlying
concept of the MDT system is to detect and signal failures at the point where
they are generated, the system supervisor of the DVB/MPEG-2 encoding,
multiplexing and modulation equipment should monitor the correct functioning of
all equipment and should generate an MDT in the case a service failure occurs
for longer than 10 seconds.

MDTs shall then be periodically transmitted every 10 seconds until the failure
is fixed. In addition to faulty equipment modules also missing input streams
can be identified by subsequent modules in the transmission chain which then
generate corresponding MDTs.

This principle is applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO which can
not only receive and extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but also can
generate MDTs in the case e.g. Service Information components are missing. All
MDTs are being fed via the ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) into
the Service Availability System (SAS) of the Digital Network Operations Centre.
Upon reception of an MDT an alert is initiated by the DINO computer system which
then enables the operator to act

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appropriately based on detailed transponder specific diagnostic information
provided together with the alert message.

3 SYNTAX OF THE MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

The syntax of the MDT is conforming to the one defined in the standard ISO/IEC
13818-1 for the definition of private sections.

As defined in that standard, private data may be sent in Transport Stream
packets with PID not listed in the Program Map Table sections.

multiplex diagnostic section[
table id............................... 8 uimsbf
section syntax indicator............... 1 bslbf
SES reserved........................... 1 bslbf
ISO reserved........................... 2 bslbf
section length......................... 12 uimsbf
transport stream id.................... 16 uimsbf
original network id.................... 16 uimsbf
MDT version number..................... 4 uimsbf
Fault source........................... 12 uimsbf
Fault type............................. 16 uimsbf
for (l=0;i<N;i++)[
Fault major......................... 16 uimsbf
Fault minor......................... 16 uimsbf

]

TABLE ID = 0XB0

SECTION SYNTAX INDICATOR = 0

SES RESERVED = 1

SECTION LENGTH: this is a 12 bit field, the first two bits of which shall be
"00". it specifies the number of bytes of the section, starting immediately
following the section length field. the section length shall not exceed 181
bytes so that the entire section has a maximum length of 184 bytes.

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TRANSPORT STREAM ID: This is a 16 bit field which serves as a label to identify
the Transport Stream where the error or warning has occurred.

ORIGINAL NETWORK ID: This 16 bit field gives the label identifying the
networkid of the originating delivery system of the Transport Stream where the
error or warning has occurred.

MDT VERSION NUMBER: This 4 bit field identifies the version number of the MDT
structure. Currently, the MDT version number shall be set to "0".

FAULT SOURCE: This is a code that, together with transport stream id and the
original network id, identifies the origin of the failure. Fault source values
can be defined by the operator of the Transport Stream within the ranges
defined in Table 1.

FAMILY TYPE: This 16 bit field identifies the basic type of errors or warnings.
Only values described in Table 2 are defined. In every MDT section only one
Fault type shall be listed resulting in only one basic type of error or warning
per MDT.

FAULT MAJOR: This 16 bit field provides more detailed information about the
errors or warnings as defined by the Fault type. Depending on the value of the
Fault type, the Fault major has different meanings. Currently, only the values
given in Table 4 and 5 are defined. If for a Fault type no Fault major code is
defined, the loop within the MDT shall be empty. If for a Fault type several
Fault major codes are defined the loop may contain more than one of these
codes. In case of missing components of a service (Fault type = 0x0100) the
Fault major code is equal the service id of this service.

FAULT MINOR: This field provides additional information about the error or
warning as described by the combination of Fault type and Fault major. If no
Fault minor code is defined for a Fault major code, the Fault minor field shall
be present and all bits shall be set to "1". For the time being Fault minor is
only defined for Fault type = 0x0100 (Component of service missing) as
described in Table 3. In that case the service id of the service comprising
the missing component is defined in the Fault major field and the missing
component is defined in the Fault minor field.

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYS-240/12-95

15 DECEMBER 1995
16
<PAGE> 93
TABLE 1: FAULT SOURCE

Fault source range Description
- ------------------------------- ----------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001,...,0x0064 SI-editing & controlled
0x0065,...,0x01F4 Audio encoder
0x01F5,...,0x0226 Video encoder
0x0227,...,0x03B6 Data inserter
0x03B7,...,0x03E8 CA system
0x03E9,...,0x041A Multiplexer
0x041B,...,0x044C Re-multiplexer
0x044D,...,0x047E Modulator
0x047F,...,0x060E Decoder
0x060F,...,0x0640 Network termination
0x0641,...,0x0A00 ASTRA reserved
0x0A01,...,0x0FFF User defined

</TABLE>

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYS-240/12-95

15 DECEMBER 1995

17
<PAGE> 94
TABLE 2: FAULT TYPE

Fault type Description
- ----------------------------- ---------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001 NIT missing
0x0002 SDT missing
0x0004 EIT missing
0x0008 TDT missing
0x0009 PAT missing
0x000A CAT missing
0x0010 Component of service missing
Other fault type <= 0x0800 ASTRA reserved
Fault type > 0x0800 User defined

</TABLE>

Table 3: Fault minor codes for Fault type value = 0x0100 (COMPONENT MISSING)
(Fault major specifies the service id of the service with missing components)

Fault minor Description
if Fault type = 0x0100
- ----------------------------- ------------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 Video component missing
0x0002 Audio component missing
0x0004 EBU Teletext subtitles missing
0x0008 Associated EBU Teletext missing
0x0010 Data component missing
0x0020 DVB subtitling missing
0x0040 PMT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved

</TABLE>

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYS-240/12-95

15 DECEMBER 1995

18
<PAGE> 95
TABLE 4: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING)

Fault major
if Fault type = 0x0002 (SDT missing) Description
- ------------------------------------ ------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI SDT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved

</TABLE>

TABLE 5: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0004 (EIT MISSING)

Fault major
if Fault type = 0x0004 (EIT missing) Description
- ------------------------------------ ------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI EIT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved

</TABLE>

The information and data contained herein are subject to change.

Societe Europeenne des Satellites S.A.
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf, Luxembourg
Tel.: (352) 71 07 25-1, Fax: (352) 71 07 25-548

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYS-240/12-95

15 DECEMBER 1995

<PAGE> 1
Exhibit 10.21

CONFIDENTIAL

---------
AGREEMENT
---------

for digital transmission on the ASTRA system

between

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.

and

PCI PROGRAMMING INC.

<PAGE> 2
CONFIDENTIAL

1. Interpretation............................................... 4

2. Agreement.................................................... 6

3. Term......................................................... 6

4. Charges...................................................... 6

5. Spare TWTA................................................... 7

6. Unavailability............................................... 7

7. Excluding Circumstances...................................... 8

8. Interruption, Testing and Monitoring.......................... 8

9. Pre-emption.................................................. 9

10. Use of Transponder and Encryption............................ 9

11. Service Information.......................................... 10

12. Compliance with Law.......................................... 10

13. SES' Authority............................................... 10

14. Assignment................................................... 10

15. Termination.................................................. 11

16. Effect of Termination........................................ 12

17. Force Majeure................................................ 12

18. Limitation of Liability - Exclusivity of Remedies............ 12

19. Indemnities.................................................. 12

20. Confidentiality.............................................. 13

21. Trademark - Logo and Press Releases.......................... 13

22. Notices...................................................... 13

23. Severability................................................. 14

24. Waiver....................................................... 14

25. Entire Agreement............................................. 14

26. Amendment.................................................... 14

2
<PAGE> 3
CONFIDENTIAL

27. Proper Law and Jurisdiction.................................. 14

28. Legal Opinion................................................ 14

29. Condition Precedent.......................................... 15

30. Marketing Cooperation........................................ 15

SCHEDULE I: Satellite and Transponder Description and
Performance Specifications........................... 16

SCHEDULE II: Customer Signals, Customer Uplink Signals and
Uplink Facilities.................................... 18

SCHEDULE III: Service(s)........................................... 20

SCHEDULE IV: Monitoring........................................... 21

SCHEDULE V: Conditional Access system............................ 23

SCHEDULE VI: Charges.............................................. 24

SCHEDULE VII: Priority and Pre-emption............................. 26

SCHEDULE VIII: ASTRA Access Agreement............................... 29

SCHEDULE IX: ASIUS................................................ 30

<PAGE> 4
CONFIDENTIAL

AGREEMENT

DATED 27 MARCH 1997

BETWEEN:

(1) SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ("SES"); and

(2) PCI Programming Inc.
c/o Poland Communications Inc.
1 Commercial Plaza
Hartford, CT 06033, USA (the "Customer")

PREAMBLE:

(A) SES is the operator of the ASTRA satellite system which comprises several
satellites co-located at 19.2 degrees East for the retransmission of
television and radio services;

(B) The satellite, described in SCHEDULE I-A hereto, is part of this satellite
system;

(C) The Customer wishes to use transponder capacity on a transponder of said
satellite to transmit the digital services described herein on the terms
and conditions set out below;

IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

1. INTERPRETATION

1.1 In this Agreement, the following words and expressions shall have
the meanings ascribed to them below;

"CAHIER DES CHARGES" : the ministerial enactment (arrete
ministeriel) of the Luxembourg government setting out the duties to
be observed by SES in performance of the Concession;

"CONCESSION" : the concession contract ("Contrat de Concession")
entered into by the government of Luxembourg and SES to enable SES
to operate the Satellite System and any amendment thereof;

"CUSTOMER DOWNLINK SIGNALS" : downlink RF(1)-QPSK(2) modulated time
division

- --------------------------
(1) Radio frequency

(2) Quadrature please shift keying

<PAGE> 5
CONFIDENTIAL

multiplexed carrier carrying the Service(s) from the Customer's
Transponder;

"CUSTOMER SIGNALS": the bit stream, carrying the Service(s),
produced by the Customer and transmitted to the Uplink Facilities
for onward transmission via the Customer's Transponder and
conforming to SCHEDULE II;

"CUSTOMER START DATE" OR "CSD": the date on which the Customer
has agreed to commence the transmission of the Service(s) on the
Customer's Transponder, being the date upon which the Board of SES
and the Government of Luxembourg have given their approval and
operational service date of ASTRA 1G has occurred;

"CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNALS": the RF-QPSK modulated time division
multiplexed carrier, carrying the Service(s), transmitted from the
Uplink Facilities to the Customer's Transponder and conforming to
SCHEDULE II;

"CUSTOMER'S TRANSPONDER": the transponder capacity on the
Satellite as described in SCHEDULE I-B, or any alternative
transponder capacity subsequently allocated to the Customer pursuant
hereto, and via which the Customer transmits the Service(s);

"EXPIRY DATE": the last day of the Term;

"LIBOR": the one month London inter bank offered rate, applying to
the currency of this Agreement, as quoted by Banque et Caisse
d'Epargne de l'Etat in Luxembourg on the due date for payment;

"MINIMUM TRANSPONDER PERFORMANCE": as defined in Schedule I-D;

"OPERATIONAL SERVICE DATES" OR "OSD": the date on which SES
declared the Satellite operational, being 1 January 1996;

"PAYMENT PERIOD": a period of the Term in respect of which
payments are payable or have been paid pursuant to SCHEDULE VI;

"PRE-EMPTION": the deliberate interruption and/or cessation of the
availability of a transponder by SES in accordance with the rules
set out in SCHEDULE VII and "PRE-EMPT" shall be construed
accordingly;

"RECEIVED SIGNAL POWER": as defined in SCHEDULE I-D;

"SATELLITE": the ASTRA 1E satellite as described in SCHEDULE I-A;

"SERVICE(S)": the Customer's services described in SCHEDULE III;

"SES' ASSOCIATES": SES' officers, employees, consultants, agents,
contractors or subcontractors however it is understood that CLT/DTS
performing the play-out for the Customer, are not considered as SES
Associate;

"SPARE TWTA": a spare travelling wave tube amplifier which can be
switched to recover traffic on the Satellite;

"TARGET MARKET": as defined in SCHEDULE III;

5
<PAGE> 6
CONFIDENTIAL

"TERM": the duration of this Agreement as specified in CLAUSE 3;

"TRANSPONDER": a part of the Satellite which receives, amplifies and
frequency-translates the uplink signals and retransmits them as
downlink signals;

"UNAVAILABLE", "UNAVAILABILITY": as defined in CLAUSE 6;

"UPLINK FACILITIES": all equipment and ancillary facilities used to
transmit the Customer Uplink Signals to the Satellite conforming to
SCHEDULE II;

"VAT": Value added tax or any similar tax or charge.

1.2 In case of conflict between this Agreement and the Schedules hereto,
this Agreement shall prevail.

2. AGREEMENT

3. TERM

3.1 This Agreement shall begin on the date hereof and expire on the
tenth (10th) anniversary of CSD.

3.2 Either party may terminate this Agreement upon 6 months written
notice if the Customer does not target the Polish DTH market prior
to 1 January 1999. "Target the Polish DTH market" means that (i) the
Customer shall have a licence or permit (if necessary) for its
activity and (ii) actively markets and promotes DTH reception by
ensuring availability in the market of decoder boxes (integrated
receiver devices ("IRD's").

4. CHARGES

4.1 The Customer shall pay the charges set out in SCHEDULE VI as and on
the dates set out therein.

<PAGE> 7
CONFIDENTIAL

4.2 Sums overdue shall be subject to a late payment interest charge at
2% over LIBOR from the due date. The interest shall accrue on a
daily basis.

4.3 All sums payable by the Customer under SCHEDULE VI are quoted
exclusive of any VAT or other tax or duties. The Customer undertakes
to pay any applicable VAT, other tax or duties upon receipt of an
appropriate invoice from SES.

4.4 All sums due under this Agreement shall be paid in full without
set-off, counterclaim or other deduction.

4.5 Any sums owed by SES to the Customer for Unavailability pursuant to
CLAUSE 6 shall be calculated by SES within 15 days from the date on
which such an event occurred and shall be paid to the Customer
within thirty (30) days thereafter. If the Customer disagree with
the amount so calculated and notified by SES, the Customer shall so
notify SES in writing and the parties shall seek in good faith to
resolve the disagreement. Payments for Unavailability after the due
date for payment determined hereunder shall accrue interest at the
rate set out in CLAUSE 4.2, unless such payments are in dispute.

4.6 In the circumstance set out in CLAUSE 7.2, the Customer shall not be
relieved of its obligation to pay the charges payable hereunder.

5. SPARE TWTA

If the Customer's Transponder becomes Unavailable and if a Spare TWTA is
available, then, subject to the priority rules set out in SCHEDULE VII,
SES shall provide its use to the Customer as soon as reasonably possible.

6. UNAVAILABILITY

6.1 The Customer's Transponder shall be regarded as Unavailable if:

6.1.1 the Received Signal Power falls below the Minimum
Transponder Performance by more than 1 dB;

6.1.2 the interruption of the Service(s) pursuant to CLAUSE 8.1
exceeds thirty (30) minutes in any calendar quarter;

6.1.3 any failure of the Satellite or any part thereof causes an
interruption of transmissions of the Service(s); or

6.1.4 the 27.5 MS/s QPSK digital carrier at the centre frequency
of the Customer's Transponder, complying fully with
SCHEDULE II, which saturates the Customer's Transponder as
indicated by the satellite DLA input power telemetry as
specified by SES and has a 3/4 rate FEC, exhibits a Bit
Error Rate worse than 10(9) when received on a typical
60 cm antenna with no pointing error, with a G/T of no
worse than 13.5 dB/K located in Betzdorf, Luxembourg,
under clear sky conditions. It is understood that
SES shall have no obligation to monitor the bit error rate.

7
<PAGE> 8
CONFIDENTIAL

6.4 CLAUSES 5, 6.2 and 5.3 shall be the Customer's sole remedies in the
event of an Unavailability and SES shall have no other obligation.

7. EXCLUDING CIRCUMSTANCES

Clauses 6.2 and 6.3 shall not apply:

7.1 to an Unavailability caused by an act or omission of the Customer or
of the Customer's Associates;

8. INTERRUPTION, TESTING AND MONITORING

8.1 SES shall be entitled to interrupt the Service(s) and to require
the Customer to cease transmission of the Customer Uplink Signals
where necessary (i) to provide the use of a Spare TWTA, and (ii) for
operational testing, maintenance, monitoring, preventive or curative
repair or adjustment to be carried out either with respect to the
Satellite as a whole or part thereof, or one or more of its
transponders where necessary, in SES' reasonable opinion, to
preserve the integrity of the Satellite or the overall quality of
the satellite transmissions in the short, medium or long term. SES
shall give the Customer as much notice thereof as is practicable in
the circumstances and shall agree with the Customer upon the date
and time of interruption wherever possible.

8
<PAGE> 9
CONFIDENTIAL

degradation to the Satellite or to its proper functioning or (iii)
could affect the quality of the transmissions provided by the
Satellite. Nothing in this CLAUSE 8.2 shall permit SES to interrupt
the Services in circumstances where there is a bona fide dispute
between the parties as to any fees due to be paid under this
Agreement. Any such dispute, if not resolved by negotiation, shall
be dealt with as provided for in CLAUSE 27.

8.3 SES shall monitor the Customer Uplink Signals and the performance of
the Customer's Transponder in accordance with the provisions of
SCHEDULE IV and supply an analysis of the results when so requested
by the Customer. Such data shall be limited to information which SES
can reasonably be expected to obtain and which it can reveal without
liability or breach of any duty to any third party. Such information
shall be kept confidential.

8.4 The Customer shall procure that the operator of the Uplink
Facilities shall assist SES in making any tests to ensure it at
such Facilities and the Customer Uplink Signals comply with
CLAUSE 10.3.

8.5 All Service(s) using the Customer's Transponder shall be uplinked
from the same uplink antenna.

9. PRE-EMPTION

-- INTENTIONALLY DELETED --

10. USE OF TRANSPONDER AND ENGRYPTION

10.1 The frequencies for the Customer Uplink Signals and the Customer
Downlink Signals initially allocated by SES shall be those stated in
SCHEDULE I-B or notified to the Customer before CSD.

10.2 The Customer shall, on CSD, commence transmitting the Service(s) and
thereafter maintain full transmission of the majority of the
Service(s) as described in SCHEDULE III. For the avoidance of doubt
this CLAUSE 10.2 is not designed to interfere with the Customer's
plans for the roll out of the Service(s) and SES accepts that such
plans do not envisage the transmission of a full complement of
Service(s) for the first year of this Agreement and may also mean
that the Customer does not have any Service(s) ready to commence
transmission on CSD.

10.3 The Customer shall procure that the Customer Signals and Customer
Uplink Signals and Uplink Facilities comply with Schedule II and do
not interfere with or damage the Satellite or any of its
transponders.

<PAGE> 10
CONFIDENTIAL

polarization, bandwidth and the same uplink and downlink signal
frequency as the transponder used by the Customer prior to such
replacement and provides Minimum Transponder Performance. Unless SES
uplinks the Service(s), SES will endeavour to provide to the
Customer advance notice of 24 hours to perform the necessary
operations to uplink the Service(s) to the other ASTRA satellite. To
avoid a Service interruption, the Customer shall take all necessary
arrangements with the operator of the Uplink Facilities to
accommodate such a transponder replacement and SES will either (i)
move the Customer's Transponder in tandem with any other customer's
transponder on the Satellite or (ii) relax the technical
requirements of the Access Agreement to require only two (2) uplinks
for the three (3) allocated customer's transponders with frequencies
in the E and F bands.

10.6 The Customer shall not use the Customer's Transponder in any way not
specified in this Agreement.

11. SERVICE INFORMATION

The Customer shall provide to SES the Service(s) information in compliance
with Schedule III.

12. COMPLIANCE WITH LAW

12.1 The Customer shall comply to all material extant with all laws,
regulations or provisions relevant for the performance of this
Agreement, shall, where necessary, at all times have and comply with
a broadcasting license or authorization for the Service(s) and shall
promptly inform SES of any material change thereof. If the
Service(s) is not subject to the laws of a member of the European
Union it shall, nevertheless, comply with the provisions of the
"Television Without Frontiers" directive of 3 October 1989, as may
be amended, as transposed into the laws of Luxembourg being
currently Article 6 and Chapter IV of the Luxembourg Electronic
Media Law of 27 July 1991.

12.2 SES shall not exercise its right to terminate this Agreement under
CLAUSE 15.1 by reason of non-compliance by the Customer pursuant to
CLAUSE 12.1 except where such non-compliance has been determined by
a court or other authority with competent jurisdiction or where
otherwise requested by the Government of the Grand Duchy of
Luxembourg. Moreover if compliance with CLAUSE 12.1 would result in
the contravention of any future law or regulation in the Target
Market, its non-compliance with CLAUSE 12.1 shall constitute an
event of force majeure.

13. SES' AUTHORITY

14. ASSIGNMENT

<PAGE> 11
CONFIDENTIAL

shall also include a change in the control of the Customer or of a
substantial part of its assets or business.

14.2 SES hereby authorises the Customer at any time to assign its rights
under this Agreement to (a) any affiliate or (b) Procable Sp Z O. O.
("Procable") provided that the Customer retains not less than a 33%
shareholding in Procable, and in any such event on condition that
the Customer agrees to continue to be bound by all its obligations
and liabilities hereunder and to hold SES harmless from any breach
of this Agreement by its Assignee. For the purposes of this CLAUSE
14.2, a company will be regarded as an affiliate of the Customer if
the Customer holds not less than a 50% interest in the shares or
equivalent of that company or if the company holds at least 50%
interest in the Customer or a company being under common control
with the Customer.

15. TERMINATION

11
<PAGE> 12
CONFIDENTIAL

16. EFFECT OF TERMINATION

16.2 Where SES terminates this Agreement pursuant to CLAUSES 15.1 or
15.2, the Customer shall forthwith pay to SES any sum owed by the
Customer to SES at that time and shall continue to be liable for and
to pay the charge provided in SCHEDULE VI (as if the Agreement had
not been terminated) until such time as SES allocates the Customer's
Transponder to another customer. SES shall have no obligation to
market the Customer's Transponder in priority to unused transponder
capacity on SES' satellites and for a price inferior to that
payable by the Customer to SES (unless the Customer makes up for the
difference); however, SES shall use its reasonable efforts to
mitigate its losses. If the Customer's Transponder is allocated to
another customer, SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rata
temporis portion of the advance payments made by the Customer
pursuant to SCHEDULE VI relating to the unexpired portion of the
Payment Period in progress on the date at which the other customer
starts transmitting.

17. FORCE MAJEURE

Neither party shall be considered to be in breach or be liable for any
damage suffered by the other party or its Associates, by reason of any
failure to perform any obligation hereunder if and for so long as such
failure is the result of an event of force majeure. Subject to CLAUSE 15.3,
the respective obligations of both parties shall be suspended for such time
as such an event prevents either party from performing its obligations.

18. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY - EXCLUSIVITY OF REMEDIES

18.1 Without prejudice to CLAUSES 5, 6 AND 16, SES shall not be liable
to the Customer or to the Customer's Associates in any way
whatsoever, except for its gross negligence ("faute lourde") or
wilful misconduct ("dol").

18.2 The remedies expressly provided in this Agreement are the sole
remedies available to the parties and the parties waive any other
rights that they may have.

19. INDEMNITIES

19.1 The Customer shall totally indemnify SES and SES' Associates and
customers against all claims, losses, damages, expenses arising
from:

19.1.1 damages caused to third parties as a result of a breach by
the Customer of this Agreement or a civil duty;

12
<PAGE> 13
CONFIDENTIAL

19.1.2 infringement of copyright, defamation, libel or invasion of
privacy (or any allegation thereof) arising in the course of
the use of the Customer's Transponder;

19.1.4 infringement by the Customer by virtue of exercising its
rights under this Agreement of any other third party right;

19.1.5 damage caused to the Satellite by the Customer or the
operator of the Uplink Facilities save where SES is said
operator.

20. CONFIDENTIALITY

Each party shall, and shall procure that its Associates shall, both
throughout the Term and thereafter, keep confidential the provisions of
this Agreement together with all other information disclosed on a
confidential basis by the other party hereunder and shall not disclose the
game to any person except when acting under a court order. Unless otherwise
specified in writing, all information regarding the performance of the
Satellite or the Customer's Transponder or the business affairs of the
parties shall be regarded as confidential. Where necessary to secure its
financing or otherwise in the legitimate course of its business, each party
shall have the right to disclose this Agreement to its professional
advisors, financial institutions and stock exchanges authorities.

21. TRADEMARK - LOGO AND PRESS RELEASES

21.2 The parties shall agree on a press release to announce this
Agreement.

22. NOTICES

Any notice shall be in writing and shall be sent to the address of the
party to be served as above written or to such other address previously
notified to the other party. All notices

13
<PAGE> 14
CONFIDENTIAL

shall be delivered by hand, registered, or certified post or facsimile.
Notices shall be deemed to have been received: (i) if delivered by hand,
upon such delivery, (ii) if sent by post, (seventy-two) 72 hours after
the envelope containing such notice was posted, or (iii) if sent by
facsimile, when the transmission of the facsimile is complete. Notices sent
by facsimile shall be confirmed by letter. The initial facsimile number of
the parties are: (i) SES: (352) 710 725 291, (ii) the Customer: (48)
22 43 56 31 or (48) 22 43 65 31.

23. SEVERABILITY

24. WAIVER

No relaxation, delay or indulgence by either party in enforcing any right
under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof.

25. ENTIRE AGREEMENT

26. AMENDMENT

27. PROPER LAW AND JURISDICTION

This Agreement shall be governed by the construed in accordance with the
laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the parties hereby submit to the
exclusive jurisdiction of the Luxembourg courts.

28. LEGAL OPINION

The customer shall, at SES' request and cost, procure a legal opinion
issued by the Customer's external counsel in favour of SES' leading
institutions, in a form reasonably satisfactory to SES and its lending
institutions.

14
<PAGE> 15
CONFIDENTIAL

29. CONDITION PRECEDENT

This Agreement is subject to (i) operational service date of ASTRA IG,
(ii) the approval of the Board of SES, the Board of the Customer and of the
Government of Luxembourg and (iii) the availability of the Customer's
Transponder at SES. The parties shall each use their reasonable efforts to
obtain the approvals required and SES shall use its reasonable efforts to
make the Customer's Transponder available as soon as practicable after
contract signature but in any event before 30 April 1997.

30. MARKETING COOPERATION

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the duly authorised representatives of the parties hereto
have executed this agreement in two originals on the date first before written.

PCI PROGRAMMING INC. SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.

/s/ ROBERT E. FOWLER, III /s/ Romain Bausch
- ------------------------- --------------------------------------
By: Romain Bausch
Title: Director General

<PAGE> 16
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE I: SATELLITE AND TRANSPONDER DESCRIPTION AND PERFORMANCE
SPECIFICATIONS

A. ASTRA 1E SATELLITE DESCRIPTION

1. Satellite Manufacturer : Hughes Communication Int. Inc.

2. Expected Fuel Lifetime (from OSD) : 14 years

3. Satellite Station-keeping accuracy : Longitude +/- 0.10 degrees
inclination +/- 0.10 degrees

4. Stabilisation System : 3 axis

5. Designed Channel Capacity :

A maximum of 20 transponders can be operated simultaneously in the first
five years reducing to 18 transponders thereafter. All transponders are
eclipse protected and may be selected from the following configurations:

18 transponders in the 17300 - 17700 MHz uplink and 11700 - 12100 MHz
downlink frequency band, 16 transponders in the 12750 - 13000 MHz uplink
and 10700 - 10950 MHz downlink frequency band (ASTRA 1D backup), 16
transponders in the 13000 - 13250 MHz uplink and 10950 - 11200 MHz downlink
frequency band (ASTRA 1C backup), 16 transponders in the 14000 - 14250 MHz
uplink and 11450 - 11700 MHz downlink frequency band (ASTRA 1B backup).

6. Polarization : Dual Linear

7. Cross-polarization isolation (for areas
within the 50 dBW e.i.r.p. contour) on
vertical and horizontal transponders : Typical 30 dB

B. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF TRANSPONDER USE

1. Initial transponder number on the Satellite : 79

2. Customer Uplink Signal frequency : 17592.50 MHz

3. Customer Downlink Signal frequency : 11992.50 MHz

4. Capacity provided : 27.5 MS/s QPSK

5. Hours of transmission : 24 hours per day

6. Pre-emptibility status : See Schedule VII-A

7. Polarisation : Horizontal

C. ORBITAL POSITION AND TRANSPONDER BANDWIDTH

16
<PAGE> 17
CONFIDENTIAL

1. Orbital position : 19.2 degrees East

2. Usable Transponder bandwidth : 38 MHz (in the band 11.70 to 12.10 GHz)

D. TRANSPONDER PERFORMANCE

1. "Minimum Transponder Performance" is defined as a satellite single carrier
saturation e.i.r.p. measured under clear sky conditions by a measurement
test set-up according to standard engineering practice as described in
Schedule I-E of (all figures in dbW):

ACTIVATED ON ACTIVATED ON
CITY ASTRA 1E OR 1F ASTRA 1G
---- -------------- --------

Bialystok 50 50
Gdansk 52.5 50
Kielce 52 51
Krakow 52 52
Lublin 50 51
Olsztyn 52 50
Radom 51 51
Warsaw 52 51
Wroclaw 52.5 52
Betzdorf 51 51

It is understood that SES shall have no obligation to monitor or measure
the Minimum Transponder Performance in any sites listed above save for
Betzdorf.

2. "RECEIVED SIGNAL POWER" is defined as signal power in dBW on the ground in
Luxembourg measured by a measurement test set-up according to standard
engineering practice as described in SCHEDULE I-E. If the measurement is
not performed under clear sky conditions, the measured value shall be
corrected to account for the effect of weather and propagation conditions.

3. The Minimum Transponder Performance and Received Signal Power shall be
those measured or otherwise ascertained where the Customer is complying or
procuring compliance with SCHEDULE II.

E. MEASUREMENT TEST SET-UP AND STANDARD ENGINEERING PRACTICE

In order to accurately determine each transponder e.i.r.p., a measurement
set-up consisting of a calibrated fluxmeter and radiometer is used. The
fluxmeter measures the power flux density at earth surface created by each
individual satellite transponder.

<PAGE> 18
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE II. CUSTOMER SIGNALS. CUSTOMER UNLINK SIGNALS AND UPLINK FACILITIES

A. Specifications of Customer Signals and Customer Uplink Signals

ISO/IEC 13818-1/-2/-3

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 1: Systems;
Part 2: Video and Part 3: Audio).

ETS 300 421

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services:
framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite
services.

ETS 300 468

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video Broadcasting
(DVB) Systems.

ETR 154

Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems, video and audio in
satellite and cable broadcasting applications.

ETR 211

Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information.

B. CUSTOMER SIGNALS

1. Video source coding shall be as specified in MPEG-2 main profile/main
level.

2. Audio source coding shall be as specified in ISO/IEC 13818-3 and as defined
in ETR 154.

C. CUSTOMER UPLINK SIGNAL AND UPLINK FACILITIES

The Customer shall comply with the specification and parameters set-out in
the ASTRA Access Agreement, a copy of which has been separately provided to
the Customer, which may be amended by SES, as necessary, provided that such
amendment also applies to other customers on the Satellite.

More specifically, the Customer Uplink Signals and the Uplink Facilities
having access to the ASTRA satellite shall meet performance requirements
established in the ASTRA.

18
<PAGE> 19
CONFIDENTIAL
Access Agreement. SES will provide a reasonable prior notice for any
amendment requiring a change of hardware.
The following parameters shall also be met:

1. EARTH STATION EIRP

For access to the Satellite, the Uplink Facilities must be able to produce
a minimum earth station e.i.r.p. of to be notified by SES to the Customer
once the Customer has informed SES of the uplink site dBW per RF channel
for transmissions originated from to be modified by the Customer to SES
before OSD.

2. TRANSMISSION STANDARD

The transmission standard used for the video, audio, and data services
shall be in accordance with the specifications given in Section A above.

19
<PAGE> 20
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE III: SERVICE(S) (CLAUSE 10)

The Customer's Transponder shall be used exclusively for the transmission of the
following packages of television services, and related audio, and other services
as specified below all of them targeting at the general public located within
the Target Market. The expression "Target Market" means any or all of the
following countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania,
Moldova, Bulgaria, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Slovania, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Yugoslavia, Macedonia and Albania. It is
understood that those countries are only to such extent part of the Target
Market as they are covered by the Satellite footprint.

A. PAY-PER-VIEW SERVICES, being television services for which the viewer pays
on the basis of the actual consumption.

B. PAY TV SERVICES, being encrypted television services available upon
subscription.

C. UNENCRYPTED SERVICES, being television services available without any
special decoding equipment.

D. OTHER SERVICES: [TBD]

<PAGE> 21
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE IV: MONITORING (CLAUSE 8)

In addition to performing the activities related to controlling the Satellite,
SES will also monitor all the transmissions through all its transponders as
described below.

If a problem is detected, the NOC Operators will initiate and co-ordinate
corrective measures in co-operation with the Uplink Facility which is
transmitting the Customer Uplink Signals.

The NOC's specific functions and responsibilities will include:

- -- Receiving and handling reports of Unavailability from customers

- -- Co-ordinating the remedy of the reported difficulty and initiating any
necessary procedures required to restore lost or impaired service in the
most expedient manner

- -- Maintaining a complete and accurate record of all reported and observed
service failures, impairments, and customer contacts

- -- Co-ordinating the overall line-up, pre-service tests, and actual provisions
of service

- -- Arranging the routine monitoring of the Customer's Transponder as described
above

The reporting points for operational purposes shall be:

AT THE CUSTOMER: c/o Baker McKenzie
ul. Dluga 26/28
00-238 Warsaw
Tel: (48) 22 635 3521
(48) 22 635 4111
Fax: (48) 22 635 9447
(48) 39 121 1213

AT SES: Network Operations Centre
Satellite Control Facility
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf
Luxembourg
Tel: for urgent problems only:
(352) 710 152

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<PAGE> 22
CONFIDENTIAL

Tel: for normal operating and general use:

Tel: (352) 710 725-344
Fax: (352) 710 725-227
(352) 710 725-213

Attn: Head Network Operations Centre

The above telephone and facsimile numbers are subject to change by SES or the
Customer.

<PAGE> 23
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE V: CONDITIONAL ACCESS SYSTEM

23
<PAGE> 24
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VI: CHARGES (CLAUSE 4)

(i) At the Customer's election (the Customer to notify SES of its
election not less than thirty (30) days prior to the commencement of
each year of this Agreement) either:

- an annual fixed fee of * USD or
- a monthly fixed fee of * USD.

(ii) A variable fee of * USD for each qualifying digital household up
to * such households and * USD for each qualifying digital
household exceeding * such households ALWAYS PROVIDED that on or
from 31 March 1999 until the Expiry Date, there shall be deemed to
be not less than * qualifying digital households irrespective of the
actual number of such households. The expression "qualifying
digital household" means any household located in which the occupant
has a current contract with the Customer or one of its affiliates or
authorized agents or distributors which gives him the right to
receive any services of the Customer and/or any affiliates of the
Customer that are transmitted using the Customer's Transponder by
means of direct pick-up by the occupant (via direct-to-home) of the
digital signal on an IRD available in the Target Market.

Any calculation of the number of qualifying digital households
shall be verified by an independent auditor to be agreed upon by
the parties.

(iii) The aggregate charges payable by the Customer to SES in any year
shall not exceed 6,750,000 USD.

[*confidential treatment requested; omitted portions have been filed
separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission]

B. The Customer shall effect payment of all charges to the bank account
identified by SES in the corresponding invoice.

24
<PAGE> 25
CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VII: PRIORITY AND PRE-EMPTION

A - CUSTOMER STATUS

The Customer shall have the status of: Non-pre-emptible Customer as defined in
Part B below.

B - CATEGORIES OF USE

SES' customers using the ASTRA satellite system shall be accorded (for each
transponder used) priority status as: Protected, Non-Pre-emptible or
Pre-emptible.

1. Protected Customers:

a. will not be subject to pre-emption by other customers;

b. will be entitled to be provided with the use of a back-up transponder
(this will require the pre-emption of Pre-emptible Customer); and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs, in preference to certain other
customers, as set out in PART C below.

2. Non-Pre-emptible Customers:

a. will not be subject to pre-emption themselves;

b. will have no rights of pre-emption themselves; and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs as set out in PART C below.

3. Pre-emptible Customers:

a. have no rights of pre-emption themselves;

b. may have their transponder pre-empted, as set out in PART D below, in
order to provide a back-up transponder to a Protected Customer; and

c. shall have the benefit of Spare TWTAs, but subject to the rights of
other customers in this Schedule, as set out in PART C below.

C. PRIORITY RULES FOR SPARE TWTAs

As a general rule, Spare TWTAs on the Satellite will be provided on a first
failed/first served basis.

1. Protected Customers have priority over Non-Pre-emptible Customers who, in
turn, have priority over Pre-emptible Customers.

2. Where, pursuant to this Schedule, conflicting rights to Spare TWTAs arise
between customers with the same priority status, priority shall be given in
accordance with the following rules:

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<PAGE> 26
CONFIDENTIAL

a. customers whose service starts on the Operational Service Date ("OSD
Customer") shall have priority over those whose service starts at a
date after such Operational Service Date;

e. between Post OSD Customers who have the same customer start dates,
priority shall be determined in the same manner as applicable for OSD
Customers under PARAGRAPH 2(b) AND (c) above; and

D. PRE-EMPTION RULES

1. If PART A above provides that the Customer has the status of Pre-emptible
Customer, then the Customer's Transponder shall be pre-emptible on the
terms set out below.

3. To Pre-empt the Customer's Transponder:

a. SES will give the Customer at least 24 hours advance warning (by fax
or phone) of

<PAGE> 27
CONFIDENTIAL

4. The Customer shall comply diligently with SES' instructions for the purpose
of implementing the pre-emption and shall require the operator of the
Uplink Facilities to do the same.

b. Upon termination of the Agreement pursuant hereto, as the case may be,

i. SES shall refund to the Customer the pro rata temporis portion of
the advance payments made by the Customer pursuant to SCHEDULE VI
and relating to the unexpired portion of the period (in respect
of which the Customer has paid in advance) in progress on the
date of pre-emption; or

ii. the Customer shall pay to SES all outstanding sums owed to SES at
the time of termination.

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CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE VIII: ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT

29
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CONFIDENTIAL

SCHEDULE IX: ASIUS

<PAGE> 30

(ASTRA ACCESS AGREEMENT)

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF
EARTH STATIONS HAVING ACCESS TO
ASTRA SATELLITES

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<PAGE> 31

(ASTRA LOGO)

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES S.A.
L-6815 CHATEAU DE BETZDORF, LUXEMBOURG

TEL: (352) 710725-1
FAX: (352) 710725-548

ASTRA is a trademark of Societe Europeenne des Satellites.
The information and data contained herein are subject to change.

<PAGE> 32
CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 1
2. ANTENNA SYSTEM ........................................................ 2
2.1. General ......................................................... 2
2.2. Frequency Range ................................................. 2
2.3. Off-axis Antenna Gain Pattern ................................... 4
2.4. Polarisation .................................................... 4
2.5. Motorisation, Antenna Pointing and Tracking ..................... 4

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<PAGE> 33
CONTENTS

8. ORBITAL POSITION/STATION KEEPING ...................................... 35

Annex 1 ..................................................................... 38
MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT) ...................................... 38

</TABLE>

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II
<PAGE> 34
1. INTRODUCTION

- -- The desired signal quality and availability are achieved;

- -- Harmful interference is not produced in the other transmissions carried by
any ASTRA spacecraft;

- -- The interference produced in other satellite systems will not exceed the
coordinated levels.

In case of contradiction between the ASTRA Access Agreement and the Customer's
Transponder Agreement, the latter shall prevail.

The following definitions are utilised in this document:

OPERATOR -- Person, firm, corporation or other legal entity using an ASTRA
transponder.

SATELLITE CONTROL FACILITY (SCF) -- SES earth station complex located at
Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION FACILITY (DTF) -- Part of the SES earth station complex,
located at Betzdorf, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, in which digital services are
handled.

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REFERENCE STANDARD
SATELLITE EARTH STATION
--------- ------------------
<S> <C>

</TABLE>

Table 1. ASTRA REFERENCE STANDARD EARTH STATIONS

2. ANTENNA SYSTEM

2.1. GENERAL

2.2. FREQUENCY RANGE

The antenna system is required to meet all the specifications set in the next
items operating in the appropriate FSS or BSS frequency range.

The uplink frequency ranges for the different ASTRA satellites (primary and
back-up bands) are shown in the following Table 2.

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<PAGE> 37
2.3 OFF-AXIS ANTENNA GAIN PATTERN

The gain, (expressed in dBi), relative to an isotropic antenna, at any off-axis
angle (-) (expressed in degrees) shall comply with the following:

FREQUENCY RANGE (GHz) GAIN (dBI) ANGULAR RANGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
14.00 - 14.50....... G</- 29 - 25 log (-) 1 degrees < (-) </- 20 degrees
G</- 32 - 25 log (-) 20 degrees < (-) </- 48 degrees
G</- -10 48 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

12.75 - 13.25....... G</- 29 - 25 log (-) 0.5 degrees < (-) </- 36.3 degrees
13.75 - 14.00....... G</- -10 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

17.30 - 18.10....... G</- 29 - 25 log (-) 1 degrees < (-) </- 20 degrees
G</- -10 36.3 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees
</TABLE>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.4. POLARISATION

FSS band: 30 dB
BSS band: 35 dB

2.5. MOTORISATION, ANTENNA POINTING AND TRACKING

Permanent uplink antennas shall be motorised in both azimuth and elevation to
enable rapid repointing in case of necessity, and to facilitate accurate antenna
pattern measurements.

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<PAGE> 38
3. RF EQUIPMENT

The RF equipment, including any redundant equipment, is required to meet all
the specifications set out in the following sections 3.1 to 3.6.

3.1. FREQUENCY RANGE AND AGILITY

It shall be possible to set the carrier centre frequency to within +/- 125 kHz.

3.2. e.i.r.p. CAPABILITY

The e.i.r.p. will be established by SES based on the utilised channel and on
the uplink geographical location.

The uplink e.i.r.p. stability shall be equal to or better than +/- 0.5 dB
including antenna pointing and tracking errors.

Means shall be provided to allow adjustment of the carrier level to within
0.5 dB of the specified value.

3.3. TRANSMITTER INHIBIT

In order to comply with this requirement, the Operator shall provide continuous
manning of the uplink site or a remote control system to another location which
will be manned continuously.

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<PAGE> 39
3.4. OUT-OF-BAND E.I.R.P. EMISSION

- -- The out-of-band on-axis e.i.r.p. emissions in the 12.75 - 13.25, 13.75 -
14.50, and 17.30 - 18.10 GHz bands, resulting from spurious output, must not
exceed 4.0 dBW/4 kHz;

- -- The out-of-band on-axis e.i.r.p. emissions in the 12.75 - 13.25, 13.75 -
14.50, AND 17.30 - 18.10 GHz bands, resulting from intermodulation
products, must not exceed 12.0 dBW/4 kHz.

3.5. OFF-AXIS e.i.r.p. DENSITY

For the frequency range 14.00-14.50 GHz, based on ITU-R Report 1001:

35 - 25log (-) dBW/40 kHz for 2.5 degrees </- (-) </- 48 degrees
-7 - dBW/40 kHz for 48 degrees < (-) </- 180 degrees

For the frequency range 12.75 - 13.25 GHz based on the ITU Appendix 30B planned
limits (averaged over the necessary bandwidth of 26 MHz):

-25 - 25log (-) dBW/Hz for 0.5 degrees </- (-) </- 36.3 degrees
-64 dBW/Hz for 36.3 < (-) </- 180 degrees

For the frequency range 13.75 - 14.00 GHz, the antenna must fully comply with
the antenna specification (section 2.3).

3.6. FREQUENCY STABILITY

The RF frequency tolerance of the transmitted carrier shall be equal to or
better than +/- 150 kHz, long and short term stability.

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<PAGE> 40
4. AMPLITUDE AND GROUP DELAY DISTORTIONS

4.1. FM TV TRANSMISSION IN FSS AND BSS BANDS

The earth station IF uplink filter shall be provided in the uplink chain and
shall conform to the amplitude limits shown in Figure 4.1.1.

[FIGURE 143A]

FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dB)
- ------------------------------------------ -----------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A B C D a b c d
- ----- ------ ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- -----
20.2 25.2 28.9 40.0 0.2 2.2 8.3 25.0
- ------------------------------------------ -----------------------------------

</TABLE>
Figure 4.1.1. IF UPLINK FILTER AMPLITUDE RESPONSE

[FIGURE 143B]

FREQUENCY (MHz) GROUP DELAY (ns)
- ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A/3 A H f g h
- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
6.7 20.2 24.6 2.0 3.0 12.0
- ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Figure 4.1.2. IF UPLINK GROUP DELAY RESPONSE

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<PAGE> 41
4.2. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION IN FSS AND BSS BANDS

For the FSS or BSS transmit channel from upconverter input to antenna output,
the total amplitude and group delay distortions shall not exceed the values
specified in Table 4.2.1.

In the case where an RF channel filter network is used, the amplitude and group
delay masks specified in Figure 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 shall be met from the HPA
output to the antenna output.

(FIGURE 144)

BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dB)
- ---- --------------------------- ----------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
A B C a b c
FSS 26 30 114
0.25 0.35 35
BSS 33 39 123
</TABLE>
Figure 4.2.1. RF CHANNEL FILTER AMPLITUDE RESPONSE

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<PAGE> 42
[FIGURE 145]

BAND FREQUENCY (MHz) GROUP DELAY (ns)
A B a b
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FSS... 26 30
3.5 5.0
BSS 33 39

</TABLE>
Figure 4.2.2. RF CHANNEL GROUP DELAY MASK

4.3. GROUP DELAY EQUALISATION

Equalisation capability shall be provided at the earth station for intrinsic
group delay in the earth station transmit equipment and for group delay in the
satellite transponder.

The maximum range of satellite group delay to be equalised at the earth
station is given below:

- -- Linear : +/-1.0 ns/MHz

- -- Parabolic : 0.5 ns/MHz(2)

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<PAGE> 43
5. BASEBAND PARAMETERS FOR FM TV TRANSMISSION

5.1. GENERAL

In general the baseband television signal parameters defined shall be designed
in accordance with the relevant definitions and standards for that system and as
authorised by SES.

5.2. PAL TRANSMISSION STANDARD

5.2.1. VIDEO SIGNAL

The transmitted video signal shall correspond to that of ITU-R Report 624-4 and
Recommendation 472-3, using PAL values with a maximum video signal bandwidth of
5 MHz.

A lowpass filter at the video input to the modulator shall reject any signal
above 6 MHz by at least 40 dB. Up to 5 MHz this filter shall have a group delay
ripple of less than +/-20 ns.

The following items present information concerning the basis modulation
parameters.

5.2.1.1. FREQUENCY DEVIATION

The utilised peak-to-peak frequency deviation for the video signal shall be
16 MHz/V, assuming the difference between white and black levels to be 0.7 V.

5.2.1.2. ENERGY DISPERSAL

The energy dispersal waveform shall be applied automatically and produce the
following peak-to-peak deviation of the TV carrier:

- -- In the presence of a modulating signal: 2.0 MHz

- -- In the absence of a modulating signal: 4.0 MHz

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<PAGE> 44
5.2.1.3. PRE-EMPHASIS

The utilised pre-emphasis network shall be that defined in the ITU-R
Recommendation 405-1 (625 lines).

5.2.2. ON-LINE TESTING

In addition line 22 shall always be used as a "quiet" line to allow the
measurement of end-to-end signal/noise ratio or for other purposes specified by
SES.

5.2.3. AUDIO SIGNALS

5.2.3.1. AUDIO CHANNEL MODES

Only those subcarriers specified in the Customer's Transponder Agreement shall
be utilised and only subcarrier modulation equipment approved by SES shall be
employed.

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<PAGE> 45
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CHARACTERISTICS MEASURED WAVEFORM USED LINE NUMBER
------------------------ ------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Linear distortions

Insertion gain........ B(2) Bar 17 and 330
Amplitude/frequency
response............ C(2) and C(1) Multiburst 18
Line-time waveform
distortion.......... B(2) Bar 17 and 330
Short-time waveform
distortion:
-- step response..... B(2) Bar 17 and 330
-- pulse response.... B(1) 2T 17 and 330

Chrominance-luminance
gain inequality..... B(2) and G(1), Bar & Subcarr. 17 and 330, 331
or G(2) Bar & 20T 17
B(2) and F

Chrominance-luminance
delay inequality.... F 20T 17

Non-linear distortions

Luminance line-time
non-linearity....... D(1) Staircase 17
Chrominance
non-linearity....... G(2) 3Step Subcarr. 331
Luminance-Chrominance
intermodulation:
-- differential
gain........... D(2) Modulated 330
-- differential
phase.......... D(2) and E Staircase 330, 331
Chrominance-luminance
intermodulation..... B(2) and G(1) Bar & Subcarr. 17.331
or G(2)
</TABLE>
Table from CCITT-Rec N. 67
Figure 5.2.2.1 VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

[FIGURE 149 B]

Figure 5.2.2.2 VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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<PAGE> 47
[FIGURE 150 A]

[FIGURE 150 B]

Figure 5.2.2.3 VERTICAL INTERVAL TEST SIGNALS

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<PAGE> 48
5.2.3.2. SUBCARRIER FREQUENCY

The audio subcarriers shall utilise only the frequencies presented in Table
5.2.3.2.1. and shall only be used in the manner indicated in the column
"Type", and in accordance with Section 5.2.3.1.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TYPE FREQUENCY (MHz)
- ---- ---------------
<S> <C>
Digital Only ..................... 6.12@
Digital Only ..................... 6.30@
Digital Only ..................... 6.48@
Digital Only ..................... 6.66@
Digital Only ..................... 6.84@
TV sound (A:L/M) ................. 7.02
TV sound (A:R/M) ................. 7.20
D or A (L / M) ................... 7.38
D or A (R / M) ................... 7.56
D or A (L / M) ................... 7.74
D or A (R / M) ................... 7.92
Digital Only ..................... 8.10*
Digital Only ..................... 8.28*
Digital Only ..................... 8.46#
Low Speed Data for network control 8.595#
</TABLE>

Table 5.2.3.2.1. SUBCARRIERS FREQUENCIES

A = analogue companded system with Panda(R)-I parameters.
D = digital stereo 192 kbit/s QPSK signal using ISO 11172-3
Layer II parameters.
L = left stereo R = right stereo M = mono
* - Frequency tolerance of plus/minus 0.005 MHz for all subcarriers
@ - As an option, these five subcarriers may be replaced by a single
non-companded analogue subcarrier at 6.50 MHz used for mono TV
sound.
+ - These subcarriers may only be used if subcarriers 7.74 and 7.92 MHz
are digital.
# - In some applications the use of this subcarrier may be restricted
to prevent degradation of the picture quality.
(R) - Panda is a registered trademark of WEGENER Communications Inc.

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<PAGE> 49
5.2.3.3. SUBCARRIER BANDWIDTH

A 130 kHz nominal bandwidth shall be utilised for all the analogue companded or
digital audio subcarriers. In the case of the non-companded mono subcarrier, the
nominal bandwidth of the modulated signal shall be 200 kHz.

5.2.3.4 SUBCARRIER MODULATION INDEX

The modulation index of the subcarrier, BETAsc, is given by the following
expression:

BETAsc = Osc/Fsc

Where Osc is the peak deviation produced by the subcarrier in the TV carrier and
Fsc is the frequency of the subcarrier, both Osc and Fsc being given in MHz.

For the analogue companded subcarriers, a modulation index of 0.15 shall be
utilised. For the digital audio subcarriers, a modulation index of 0.12 shall be
utilised. For the network control subcarrier (8.595 MHz) a modulation index of
0.10 shall be utilised. In the case of the non-companded mono subcarrier a
modulation index of 0.26 shall be utilised.

5.2.3.5. ANALOGUE AUDIO

5.2.3.5.1. ANALOGUE AUDIO DEVIATION

5.2.3.5.2. ANALOGUE AUDIO BANDWIDTH

All the analogue audio channels shall provide an audio baseband ranging from 20
Hz to 15 kHz.

5.2.3.5.3. PRE-EMPHASIS

The analogue companded subcarriers shall utilise 75 us together with an adaptive
pre-emphasis compatible with the WEGENER Communications Panda(R)-1 system. The
pre-emphasis time constant of the non-companded audio subcarrier shall be 50 us.

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<PAGE> 50
5.2.3.6. DIGITAL AUDIO

The digital audio subcarriers shall utilise ISO 11172-3 Layer II coding system
to achieve a CD quality stereo channel and shall conform with the SES document
"ASTRA DIGITAL RADIO (ADR)".

5.2.3.6.1 SAMPLING METHOD

5.2.3.6.2. MODULATION METHOD

The digital audio signals shall be modulated using the differential QPSK
method, with a convolutional code of rate 3/4, with constraint length 7. CCITT
V.35 scrambling shall be employed. An appropriate filter mask shall be applied
in the modulator to limit the bandwidth to the same value as for an analogue
companded subcarrier.

5.2.3.6.3. AUXILIARY DATA

The format of any auxiliary data in the ISO 11172-3 Layer II data stream shall
be agreed by SES in writing.

5.2.3.7. NETWORK CONTROL CARRIER

The maximum data rate shall be 14.4 kbit/s using asynchronous FSK modulation.
The modulation index shall be 0.10.

5.2.4. TELETEXT

The Teletext signal shall conform to the specifications for Teletext System B
as defined in ITU-R Recommendation 653, for the case of a 625/50 television
system.

THE VBI (VERTICAL BLANKING INTERVAL) SHALL NOT BE USED FOR TRANSMISSION OF ANY
OTHER TYPE OF INFORMATION OR SIGNAL WITHOUT PREVIOUS AUTHORISATION IN WRITING
FROM SES.

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<PAGE> 51
6. CHANNEL CODING, MODULATION, MULTIPLEXING AND SOURCE CODING FOR DIGITAL
SERVICES

6.1. GENERAL

Channel coding and modulation equipment shall conform to the following
specifications:

ETS 300 421

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite
services.

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

The transmitted RF carrier spectrum shall not be inverted with respect to the
modulator output spectrum. The phase accuracy at the modulator output shall be
plus/minus 2 degrees. The amplitude accuracy at the modulator output shall be
plus/minus 0.2 dB.

6.2. MODULATION

6.2.1. BSS BANDS

The modulation shall be QPSK at a transmission bit rate of 55.0 Mbit/s, in
order to operate with a single carrier at a fixed symbol rate of 27.5 Msym/s.

6.2.2. FSS BANDS

The modulation shall be QPSK at a transmission bit rate of 44.0 Mbit/s, in
order to operate with a single carrier at a fixed symbol rate of 22.0 Msym/s.

6.2.3. EARTH STATION DEGRADATION

The E(o)/N(o) degradation (for the case of FEC 3/4 and BER = 10(-7)) caused by
the earth station equipment shall be less than 0.5 dB. This value shall be
verified in a station loop including baseband, IF and RF equipment of the uplink
and downlink chain.

6.2. CHANNEL CODING

Forward Error Correction (FEC) shall conform to the specifications given in
section 6.1 and shall permit the use of one or more of the following FEC
ratios: 1/2, 2/3, 3/4 or (in the case of FSS 26 MHz bandwidth) 5/6.

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6.4. POWER SPECTRUM DENSITY MASK

6.4.1 BSS BANDS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FREQUENCY OFFSET (+/-) AMPLITUDE
(MHz) (dB)
- --------------------- ---------
<S> <C> [FIGURE 155A]
0 - 19.50 ......... 0.0
19.50 - 29.25 ...... -25.0
>/= 40.00 ......... -40.0 FIGURE 6.4.1 BSS POWER SPECTRUM MASK

</TABLE>

6.4.2. FSS BANDS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FREQUENCY OFFSET (+/-) AMPLITUDE
(MHz) (dB)
- ---------------------- ---------
<S> <C> [FIGURE 155B]
0 - 14.75 ......... 0.0
14.75 - 22.50 ...... -25.0
>/= 30.00 ......... -40.0 FIGURE 6.4.2 FSS POWER SPECTRUM MASK

</TABLE>

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<PAGE> 53
6.5. MULTIPLEXING

6.5.1. GENERAL

Multiplexing of video, audio, and data signals shall conform to the following
specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-1

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 1: Systems).

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

6.5.2. TRANSPORT STREAM

The Transport Stream (excluding error correcting code overhead) shall operate at
one of the following bit rates, dependent on the FEC to be used:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FEC RATIO TRANSPORT STREAM BIT RATE
(Mbit/s)
--------- -------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
BSS FSS
1/2 . . . . . . . 25.34 20.27
2/3 . . . . . . . 33.79 27.03
3/4 . . . . . . . 38.01 30.41
5/6 . . . . . . . n.a. 33.79
</TABLE>

6.5.3. SERVICE INFORMATION

Service Information shall conform to the following specifications:

ETS 300 468

Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data services;
Specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video Broadcasting
(DVB) systems.

ETR 211

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Guidelines on implementation and usage of
service information.

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<PAGE> 54
It is further required to receive the original ASTRA NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE
(NIT) uplinked from Betzdorf and to re-transmit this table in intervals of at
least 10 seconds on each locally uplinked ASTRA transponder.

The last version of the original NIT should be kept in memory. This ensures an
uninterrupted availability of the NIT in case the original NIT cannot be
received.

By means of the local Service Information editing station, the transponder
specific parts of the NIT can be modified/updated at any time.

A MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT) has been defined to provide a mechanism for
conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all multiplexes to the
central Network Operations Centre at Betzdorf.

The local uplinks should generate such MDT in the case a service failure occurs
for longer than 10 seconds, i.e. if a service component (video, audio, subtitle
or accompanied data) or a Service Information component (NIT, SDT, EIT or TDT)
is missing.

This involves that the local encoders signal corresponding failure information
to the local multiplex controller that shall generate the MDT. After the
failure has been eliminated, the local uplink stops transmitting the MDT.

Details on the Multiplex Diagnostic Table concept can be found in Annex 1.

6.6. SOURCE CODING

Source coding of video and audio signals shall conform to the following
specifications:

ISO/IEC 13818-2/-3

Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio (Part 2: Video and
Part 3: Audio).

ETR 154

Digital broadcasting systems for television; Implementation guidelines for
the use of MPEG-2 systems; Video and audio in satellite and cable
broadcasting applications.

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<PAGE> 55
7. ASTRA SATELLITE INFORMATION

7.1. ASTRA 1 SERIES

The eight satellite at the 19.2 degrees East orbital position, ASTRA 1H will be
launched to provide backup capability for the other satellites at that position.

7.1.1 ASTRA 1 TRANSPONDER FREQUENCY PLAN

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Transponder Uplink Downlink
----------- ------ ----------
<S> <C> <C>

Odd.................... Vertical Horizontal
Even................... Horizontal Vertical
</TABLE>

All the ASTRA 1 satellites provide four different downlink coverage modes, as
detailed in Tables 7.1.a to 7.1.b. These four modes provide different coverage,
concentrating more downlink power in different regions of Europe.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SATELLITE ASTRA 1A ASTRA 1B ASTRA 1C ASTRA 1D
- --------- -------- --------- -------- --------
MODE TRANSPONDER
- --------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal 1....... 1, 5, 9, 13 17, 21, 25, 29 33, 37, 41, 45 49, 53, 57, 61
Horizontal 2....... 3, 7, 11, 15 19, 23, 27, 31 35, 39, 43, 47, 63 51, 55, 59, 63
Vertical 1......... 4, 8, 12, 16 20, 24, 28, 32 36, 40, 44, 48, 64 52, 56, 60, 64
Vertical 2......... 2, 6, 10, 14 18, 22, 26, 30 34, 38, 42, 46 50, 54, 58, 62

</TABLE>

Table 7.1.a. - ASTRA 1A to 1D DOWNLINK

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<PAGE> 56

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SATELLITE ASTRA 1E ASTRA 1F ASTRA 1G
- --------- ------------------ ------------------------ ------------------
MODE TRANSPONDER
- --------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal + ........ 65, 69, 73, 77, 81 85, 89, 93, 97, 101 105, 109, 113, 117

Horizontal - ........ 67, 71, 75, 79 83, 87, 91, 95, 99, 103 107, 111, 115, 119

Vertical - .......... 68, 72, 76, 80 84, 88, 92, 96, 100, 104 108, 112, 116, 120

Vertical + .......... 66, 70, 74, 78, 82 86, 90, 94, 98, 102 106, 110, 114, 118
</TABLE>

TABLE 7.1.b. -- ASTRA 1E TO 1G DOWNLINK

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<PAGE> 57

[FIGURE 160]

FIGURE 7.1 A A-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 161]

FIGURE 7.1 B B-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 162]

FIGURE 7.1 C C-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 163]

FIGURE 7.1 D D-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 164]

FIGURE 7.1 E E-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 165]

FIGURE 7.1 F F-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 166]

FIGURE 7.1 G G-BAND FREQUENCY PLAN

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7.2. ASTRA 2 SERIES

ASTRA 2B will provide up to 28 highpower Ku-band transponders (30 for the first
five years) with an output of 108 Watt each. All transponders can operate over
Europe and a steerable antenna offers the capability for up to 16 transponders
in 12.50 - 12.75 GHz frequency range to be activated within any area of the
earth visible from 28.2 degrees East.

Co-located at 28.2 degrees East, the two spacecraft will provide SES with a
total of 56 transponders in the frequency range 11.70 - 12.75 GHz for digital
broadcast at the second ASTRA orbital position.

7.2.1. ASTRA 2 TRANSPONDER FREQUENCY PLAN

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TRANSPONDER UPLINK DOWNLINK
----------- ------ --------
<S> <C> <C>
Odd Vertical Horizontal
Even Horizontal Vertical
</TABLE>

Table 7.2. - ASTRA 2 TRANSPONDER POLARISATION SCHEME

All the ASTRA 2 satellites provide different downlink coverage modes, as
detailed in Table 7.2.a These four modes provide different coverage,
concentrating more downlink power in different regions of Europe.

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<PAGE> 65
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SATELLITE ASTRA 2A ASTRA 2B
- --------------------- -------------------------- ------------------------
TRANSPONDER
---------------------------------------------------
Pol. Beam E-Band F-Band F-Band G-Band
- ---------- ------- -------------- ----------- ---------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Horizontal.... South 1,5,9,13,17 21,25 29,33,37 41,45,49,53
Horizontal.... North 3,7,11,15 19,23,27 31,35,39 43,47,51,55
Vertical...... South 2,6,10,14,18 22,26 30,34,38 42,46,50,54
Vertical...... North 4,8,12,16 20,24,28 32,36,40 44,48,52,56
</TABLE>
Table 7.2.a.-ASTRA 2A and 2B DOWNLINK

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<PAGE> 66

[FIGURE 169]

FIGURE 7.2 A ASTRA 2A FREQUENCY PLAN

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[FIGURE 170]

FIGURE 7.2 B ASTRA 2B FREQUENCY PLAN

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8. ORBITAL POSITION/STATION KEEPING

The nominal orbital position of the ASTRA 1 satellites is 19.2 degrees East.
The orbital position of the ASTRA 2 satellites is 28.2 degrees East.

Under normal operating conditions SES will maintain the ASTRA satellites within
the following station-keeping box:

+/-0.10 degrees North/South
+/-0.10 degrees East/West

9. BEACON INFORMATION

The following table shows the beacon frequencies (MHz) for the different
spacecraft:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
VERTICAL HORIZONTAL
-------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
ASTRA 1A.................................. 11203.0 11446.5
ASTRA 1B.................................. 11453.5 11696.5
ASTRA 1C.................................. 11451.0 11448.5
ASTRA 1D.................................. 11454.0 11447.5
ASTRA 1E.................................. 11202.0 10948.5
ASTRA 1F.................................. 11201.0 10946.5
ASTRA 1G.................................. 11701.0 11699.0
ASTRA 1H.................................. 11707.0 11693.5
ASTRA 2A.................................. 11706.0 11694.5
ASTRA 2B.................................. 11708.0
11710.0
</TABLE>

Table 9.1 BEACON FREQUENCIES (MHz)

At least one beacon will always be operational per spacecraft.

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9.1. ASTRA 1A AND ASTRA 1B BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to both ASTRA 1A and ASTRA 1B.

PCM Telemetry: Phase modulation of beacon carrier by PCM (Biphase L)
telemetry to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1 radians. Data
rate is 1 kbits/s.

Analog Telemetry: Phase modulation of beacon carrier by frequency modulated
14.5 kHz subcarrier to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1
radians.

Ranging: Phase modulation of beacon carrier by ranging signals at
19 kHz or 27.777 kHz to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1
radians.

Ranging + PCM Phase modulation of beacon carrier by composite ranging
Telemetry signals at 19 kHz or 27.777 kHz together with PCM telemetry
data signal to a peak deviation of 1.0+/-0.1 radians. In
absence of ranging signals, the deviation of PCM data alone
is 0.5+/-0.05 radians.

There are four ranging tones. The first three ranging tones at 35.43 Hz, 283.45
Hz and 3968.25 Hz serially frequency modulate the 19 kHz subcarrier. The fourth
ranging tone is at 27.777 kHz.

9.2. ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H AND 2A BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to the beacons on ASTRA 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G,
1H and 2A.

During range mode, the 32 kHz subcarrier is switched off and the beacon is phase
modulated by sequences of 4 ranging tones with a modulation index of 1.00+/-0.15
radians.

9.4. ASTRA 2B BEACON DETAILS

The following characteristics apply to the beacons on ASTRA 2B.

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During simultaneous PCM and ranging on the TM downlink signal, the
PCM-modulated 32 kHz subcarrier and ranging tone are combined into one baseband
signal, which modulates the main carrier with max. effective modulation indices
of 1.4 radians for the PCM-signal and 0.4 radians for the ranging tone.

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<PAGE> 71
ANNEX 1

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

1 INTRODUCTION

2 FUNCTIONALITY

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3 SYNTAX OF THE MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

The syntax of the MDT is conforming to the one defined in the standard ISO/IEC
13818-1 for the definition of private sections.

As defined in that standard, private data may be sent in transport stream
packets with PID not listed in the Program Map Table sections.

Therefore, Multiplex Diagnostic Tables shall be carried on PID 0x1FFD using the
normal payload unit start indicator/pointer field mechanism described in the
standard ISO/IEC 13818-1. This PID shall not be used for any other purpose on
the ASTRA Satellite network. A MDT must be inserted in maximum one Transport
Stream Packet resulting in a maximum table size of 184 bytes.

multiplex diagnostic section ( )[
table id 8 uimsbf
section syntax indicator 1 bslbf
SES reserved 1 bslbf
ISO reserved 2 bslbf
section length 12 uimsbf
transport stream id 16 uimsbf
original network id 16 uimsbf
MDT version number 4 uimsbf
Fault source 12 uimsbf
Fault type 16 uimsbf
for (l=0;i<N;i++)[
Fault major 16 uimsbf
Fault minor 16 uimsbf

]

TABLE ID = 0XB0

SECTION SYNTAX INDICATOR = 0

SES RESERVED = 1

SECTION LENGTH: This is a 12 bit field, the first two bits of which shall be
"00". It specified the number of bytes of the section, starting immediately
following the section length field. The section length shall not exceed
181 bytes so that the entire section has a maximum length of 184 bytes.

TRANSPORT STREAM ID: This is a 16 fit field which serves as a label to identify
the transport stream where the error or warning has occurred.

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<PAGE> 73
ORIGINAL NETWORK ID: This 16 bit field gives the label identifying the
net work id of the originating delivery system of the transport stream where the
error or warning has occurred.

MDT VERSION NUMBER: This 4 bit field identifies the version number of the MDT
structure. Currently, the MDT version number shall be set to "0".

FAULT SOURCE: This is a code that, together with the transport stream id and the
original network id, identifies the origin of the failure. Fault source values
can be defined by the operator of the transport stream within the ranges defined
in Table 1.

FAULT MINOR: This field provides additional information about the error or
warning as described by the combination of Fault type and Fault major. If no
Fault minor code is defined for a Fault major code, the Fault minor field shall
be present and all bits shall be set to "1". For the time being Fault minor is
only defined for Fault type = 0x0100 (Component of service missing) as described
in Table 3. In that case the service id of the service comprising the missing
component is defined in the Fault major field and the missing component is
defined in the Fault minor field.

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<PAGE> 74
TABLE 1: FAULT SOURCE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAULT SOURCE RANGE DESCRIPTION
------------------ -----------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001,...,0x0064 SI-editing & controller
0x0065,...,0x01F4 Audio encoder
0x01F5,...,0x0226 Video encoder
0x0227,...,0x03B6 Data inserter
0x03B7,...,0x03E8 CA system
0x03E9,...,0x041A Multiplexer
0x041B,...,0x044C Re-multiplexer
0x044D,...,0x047E Modulator
0x047F,...,0x060E Decoder
0x060F,...,0x0640 Network termination
0x0641,...,0x0A00 ASTRA reserved
0x0A01,...,0x0FFF User defined
</TABLE>

TABLE 2: FAULT TYPE

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<PAGE> 75
TABLE 3: FAULT MINOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0100 (COMPONENT MISSING)
(Fault major specifies the service id of the service with missing components.)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault minor
if Fault type = 0x0100 DESCRIPTION
---------------------- -------------------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 Video component missing
0x0002 Audio component missing
0x0004 EBU Teletext subtitles missing
0x0008 Associated EBU Teletext missing
0x0010 Data component missing
0x0020 DVB subtitling missing
0x0040 PMT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

TABLE 4: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault major
if Fault type = 0x0002 (SDT missing) DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------ ------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI SDT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

TABLE 5: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0004 (EIT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault major
if Fault type = 0x0004 (EIT missing) DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------ ------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI EIT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

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<PAGE> 76

[ASTRA LOGO]

ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION
UPDATE SYSTEM
(ASIUS)

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYE-045/12-96

06 DECEMBER 1996

<PAGE> 77

TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<C> <S> <C>
1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................... 2

2 CONCEPT OF THE ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION UPDATE SYSTEM................ 2

3 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ASIUS.......................................... 5

3.1 SI Data Structures considered by ASIUS........................... 5

3.1.1 Network Information Table (NIT)........................... 5

3.1.2 Service Description Table (SDT)........................... 5

3.1.3 Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT).......................... 9

3.2 SI Data Acquisition.............................................. 9

3.3 SI Data Processing............................................... 10

3.4 SI Data Distribution............................................. 10

4 GLOSSARY.............................................................. 12

5 REFERENCES............................................................ 13

ANNEX 1............................................................... 14

</TABLE>

SES - ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYE-045/12-6

06 DECEMBER 1996

<PAGE> 78
1 INTRODUCTION

Service information (SI) systems for Digital Video Broadcast are considered by
broadcasters and also by network operators as one of the crucial elements in
digital transmission of video, audio and data signals. With the plethora of
services being available in the digital age, an effective means of guiding
consumers around the various services on offer is an essential pre-requisite of
any consumer oriented digital transmission and reception system. Beyond
informing about the available services, there is also a need to allow for the
quick acquisition of any service that can be received.

2 CONCEPT OF THE ASTRA SERVICE INFORMATION UPDATE SYSTEM

The ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) is an application of the DVB
Service Information specification as standardised in ETS 300468/1/ and may serve
the Digital Satellite IRD to quickly tune to the receivable services on ASTRA.
It also enables the presentation of services and broadcasters in a convenient
way to the consumer.

This is achieved by compiling and transmitting an ASTRA Network Information
Table (ASTRA NIT) providing tuning information as well as an ASTRA Service
Description Table (ASTRA SDT) containing information about all services on all
transponders on the ASTRA network. Thus the IRD is enabled to present the names
of all services on ASTRA, the names of all corresponding broadcasters (service
providers) and the service types such as TV, Radio, Teletext or data services,
without having to tune to each transponder.

Furthermore, the concept involves the transmission of the ASTRA SDT on two ASTRA
Service Information channels (Barker Channels), one with horizontal and one with
vertical polarization.

SES - ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYE-045/12-96

06 DECEMBER 1996
2

<PAGE> 79
As it is the objective to provide up-to-date network information and service
description data about all transponders on ASTRA, a concept for an automatic
updating of the ASTRA NIT/SDT has been developed, considering all updates from
the Betzdorf earth station as well as the remote uplinks.

The ASTRA NIT is mainly under the administration of SES (network operator)
except for parts as e.g. the Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme which may be
adjusted by the remote uplink operators.

The multiplex specific SDTs are under the administration of the broadcasters.
ASIUS receives the SDTs transmitted on all transponders, extracts those parts
directly related to each respective transponder and compiles an ASTRA SDT with
service description information (e.g. service names, service providers,
service types) about all services on ASTRA.

[FIGURE 182]

Figure 1: Transmission and updating of ASTRA NIT and SDT tables

SES-ASIUS CONFIDENTIAL
SYE-045/12-96

06 December 1996

<PAGE> 80
The process of updating the ASTRA NIT and ASTRA SDT is illustrated in Figure 1.
The process involves the following steps:

1. The ASTRA NIT can be received at all remote uplink sections outside
Betzdorf and can then be inserted into the remotely uplinked multiplexes.
The ASTRA SDT is transmitted on two transponders (one with horizontal, one
with vertical polarization) from Betzdorf and therefore does not have to be
received/inserted at the remote uplinks.

2. Any remote uplink operator can at any time update the information in the
NIT related to his remote uplink (i.e. change the FEC scheme of his
transponder and/or add a service list descriptor) and/or the corresponding
service description data in the SDT and insert the data into the remote
multiplex.

3. At Betzdorf, the NIT/SDT processing system performs the following tasks:

a) receive all Transport Streams of ASTRA,

b) extract those parts of the NITs and SDTs which have been altered by
the remote uplinks,

c) compile this update information to generate new versions of the
ASTRA NIT and SDT,

d) insert the updated ASTRA NIT into all multiplexes uplinked from
Betzdorf,

e) insert the updated ASTRA SDT into the multiplexes carrying the
ASTRA Service Information channels.

4. The remote uplinks again can receive this updated ASTRA NIT and insert the
data into the remotely uplinked multiplexes.

The interconnection between ASIUS and other equipment of the Digital Network
Operations Centre (DINO) at Betzdorf is illustrated in Figure 2.

SES-ASIUS
SYE-045/12-96 CONFIDENTIAL

06 DECEMBER 1996

<PAGE> 81
3. FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ASIUS

3.1 SI DATA STRUCTURES CONSIDERED BY ASIUS

3.1.1 NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE (NIT)

3.1.2 ASTRA SERVICE DESCRIPTION TABLE (SDT)

The structure of the Service Description Table is illustrated in Figure 4. The
ASTRA SDT is also divided into sections according to the MPEG-2 syntax. For each
Transport Stream at least one section with service description data is
transmitted. All SDT sections include a loop over all services on the
corresponding Transport Stream. For each service a loop of descriptors including
service descriptor and country availability descriptor is conveyed.
NVOD reference descriptor and time shifted service descriptor are also
considered by ASIUS. In order to identify the actual Transport Stream on which
Service Information is received and thus to identify the relevant SI parts that
have been updated at a remote uplink, the corresponding transports stream id can
be found in each header of a service description section for the actual
Transport Stream/1/.

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[FIGURE 185]

Figure 2: Interconnection between ASIUS and the Digital NOC

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NETWORK INFORMATION TABLE (NIT)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACTUAL NETWORK OTHER NETWORK
-------------------------------------------------------- -------------
SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
network id
section number

FOR I = 0 ... N NETWORK DESCRIPTORS
network name descriptor
linkage descriptor

FOR I = 0 ... N TRANSPORT STREAMS
transport stream id
original network id

FOR I = 0 ... N TRANSPORT
DESCRIPTORS
deliverysy stem descriptor

</TABLE>

Figure 3: Structure of the Network Information Table

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Service Description Table (SDT)

actual transport stream other
transport
stream

transport stream 1 transport ...
stream 2

section 1 section 2 section 3

transport stream id
section number
original network id

for I = 0 ... N services

service id
scrambling yes/no

for I = 0 ...N descriptors

service descriptor
country availability descriptor
NVOD reference descriptor
time shifted service descriptor

Figure 4: Structure of the Service Description Table

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3.1.3. MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport mechanism,
the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined by SES. This system is
serving for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all
DVB/MPEG-2 multiplexes on ASTRA to the central DINO in Betzdorf.

This principle is applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO which can
not only receive and extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but also can
generate MDTs in case e.g. Service Information components are missing. All MDTs
are being fed via the ASIUS into the Service Availability System (SAS) of the
Digital Network Operations Centre. Upon reception of an MDT an alert is
initiated by the DINO computer system which then enables the operator to act
appropriately based on detailed transponder specific diagnostic information
provided together with the alert message.

Details about the MDT concept can be found in Annex 1.

3.2 SI DATA ACQUISITION

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to ASIUS.

The following processing steps have been implemented in ASIUS for the SI data
acquisition:

1. Reception of the DVB/MPEG-2 Transport Streams from all ASTRA transponders.

2. Extraction of all transponders SI data (NIT, MDT, SDT, EIT, TDT). By means
of the version number mechanism provided in each section syntax, the IRD
considers only the updated parts of this data.

3.3 SI DATA PROCESSING AND MONITORING

After having received an update the ASIUS compiles a new version of the ASTRA
NIT and ASTRA SDT. Since the system has immediate access to all SI data on the
ASTRA network it monitors the presence, correctness, and also the consistency of
the SI data. In case of an erroneous situation an alarm is triggered and the
operators in the DINO are informed.

3.4 SI DATA DISTRIBUTION

After the compilation of the received SI data by the ASIUS processor, the
updated ASTRA NIT is transmitted on all transponder uplinked from Betzdorf. The
ASTRA SDT is inserted into the two transponders which contain the ASTRA Service
Information channel. In addition a linkage descriptor is inserted in the ASTRA
NIT, which is available on all transponders. This descriptor points to
transport stream ids and service ids of the ASTRA Service Information channels.

If the consumer wants to have access to the ASTRA SDT and IRD will read the
linkage descriptor and tune to one of the corresponding transponders. After the
reading of the ASTRA SDT all services available on the ASTRA Satellite System
could be displayed. It is however assumed that certain filter mechanisms would
be applied to the data before displaying the information in a consumer friendly
way. More details on the functionality of the ASTRA Service Information channel
are described in SES' 'Technical Recommendations for Digital IRDs'/2/. A flow
chart of the access functionality for the ASTRA SDT is depicted in Figure 5.

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[FIGURE 190]

Figure 5: Example of the access functionality for the ASTRA SDT

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4 GLOSSARY

ASIUS ASTRA Service Information Update System

DNO Digital Network Operation Centre

DVB Digital Video Broadcasting

D/H Direct-to-Home satellite transmission

FEC Forward Error Correction

IRD Integrated Receiver Decoder

MDT Multiplex Diagnostic Table

NIT Network Information Table

NOC Network Operation Centre

NVOD Near-Video-On-Demand

SDT Service Description Table

SES Societe Europeenne des Satellites

SI Service Information

SMATV Satellite Master Antenna Television

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5 REFERENCES

/1/ ETS 300 468 "Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound and data
services; specification for Service Information (SI) in Digital Video
Broadcasting (DVB) Systems"

/2/ "Technical Recommendations for Digital Integrated Receiver Decoders",
SES

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ANNEX 1

SOCIETE EUROPEENNE DES SATELLITES
TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

1 INTRODUCTION

In order to support the detection of service failures, to provide information
for remedial measures and to efficiently log such events, a transport mechanism,
the Multiplex Diagnostic Table (MDT) has been defined. This system is serving
for conveying diagnostic information about the consistency of all DVB/MPEG-2
multiplexes on ASTRA to the central Digital Network Operations Centre (DINO) of
Societe Europeenne des Satellites (SES).

2 FUNCTIONALITY

This principle is applied e.g. by the special monitor IRDs of the DINO which can
not only receive and extract incoming MDTs from the multiplexes but also can
generate MDTs in the case e.g. Service Information components are missing. All
MDTs are being fed via the ASTRA Service Information Update System (ASIUS) into
the Service Availability System (SAS) of the Digital Network Operations Centre.
Upon reception of an MDT an alert is initiated by the DINO computer system which
then enables the operator to act

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appropriately based on detailed transponder specific diagnostic information
provided together with the alert message.

3 SYNTAX OF THE MULTIPLEX DIAGNOSTIC TABLE (MDT)

The syntax of the MDT is conforming to the one defined in the standard ISO/IEC
13818-1 for the definition of private sections.

As defined in that standard, private data may be sent in Transport Stream
packets with PID not listed in the Program Map Table sections.

<TABLE>
<S> <C>
multiplex diagnostic section(){
table id 8 uimsbf
section syntax indicator 1 bslbf
SES reserved 1 bslbf
ISO reserved 2 bslbf
section length 12 uimsbf
transport stream id 16 uimsbf
original network id 16 uimsbf
MDT version number 4 uimsbf
Fault source 12 uimsbf
Fault type 16 uimsbf
for (I=0<N;i++){
Fault major 16 uimsbf
Fault minor 16 uimsbf
}
</TABLE>

TABLE ID = 0XB0

SECTION SYNTAX INDICATOR = 0

SES RESERVED = 1

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TRANSPORT STREAM ID: This is a 16 bit field which serves as a label to identify
the Transport Stream where the error or warning has occurred.

ORIGINAL NETWORK ID: This 16 bit field gives the label identifying the
network id of the originating delivery system of the Transport Stream where the
error or warning has occurred.

MDT VERSION NUMBER: This 4 bit field identifies the version number of the MDT
structure. Currently, the MDT version number shall be set to "0".

FAULT SOURCE: This is a code that, together with the transport stream id and the
original network id, identifies the origin of the failure. Fault source values
can be defined by the operator of the Transport Stream within the ranges defined
in Table 1.

FAULT MAJOR: This 16 bit field provides more detailed information about the
errors or warnings as defined by the Fault type. Depending on the value of the
Fault type. the Fault major has different meanings. Currently, only the values
given in Table 4 and 5 are defined. If for a Fault type no Fault major code is
defined, the loop within the MDT shall be empty. If for a Fault type several
Fault major codes are defined the loop may contain more than one of these codes.
In case of missing components of a service (Fault type = 0x0100) the Fault major
code is equal to the service id of this service.

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TABLE 1: FAULT SOURCE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault source range Description
------------------ -----------
<S> <C>
0x0000 ....................... Undefined
0x0001,...,0x0064 ............ SI-editing & controller
0x0065,...,0x01F4 ............ Audio encoder
0x01F5,...,0x0226 ............ Video encoder
0x0227,...,0x03B6 ............ Data inserter
0x03B7,...,0x03E8 ............ CA system
0x03E9,...,0x041A ............ Multiplexer
0x041B,...,0x044C ............ Re-multiplexer
0x044D,...,0x047E ............ Modulator
0x047F,...,0x060E ............ Decoder
0x060F,...,0x0640 ............ Network termination
0x0641,...,0x0A00 ............ ASTRA reserved
0x0A01,...,0x0FFF ............ User defined
</TABLE>

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TABLE 2: FAULT TYPE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault type
if Fault type = 0x0100 Description
- ---------------------- -----------
<S> <C>
0x0000 Undefined
0x0001 NIT missing
0x0002 SDT missing
0x0004 EIT missing
0x0008 TDT missing
0x0009 PAT missing
0x000A CAT missing
0x0100 Component of service missing
Other fault type <= 0x0800 ASTRA reserved
Fault type > 0x0800 User defined
</TABLE>

TABLE 3: FAULT MINOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0100 (COMPONENT MISSING)
(Fault major specifies the service id of the service with missing components.)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault minor Description
----------- -----------
<S> <C>
0x0001 Video component missing
0x0002 Audio component missing
0x0004 EBU Teletext subtitles missing
0x0008 Associated EBU Teletext missing
0x0010 Data component missing
0x0020 DVB subtitling missing
0x0040 PMT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

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TABLE 4: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0002 (SDT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault major
if Fault type = 0x0002 (SDT missing) Description
------------------------------------ ------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI SDT missing
Other values ASTRA reserves
</TABLE>

TABLE 5: FAULT MAJOR CODES FOR FAULT TYPE VALUE = 0x0004 (EIT MISSING)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fault major
if Fault type = 0x0004 (EIT missing) Description
------------------------------------ ------------------
<S> <C>
0x0001 DVB-SI EIT missing
Other values ASTRA reserved
</TABLE>

The information and data contained herein are subject to change.

Societe Europeenne des Satellites S.A.
L-6815 Chateau de Betzdorf, Luxembourg
Tel.: (352) 71 07 25-1, Fax: (352) 71 07 25-548

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