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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 8-A
FOR REGISTRATION OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF SECURITIES
PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OR 12(G) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc.
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Georgia 58-2328421
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(State of incorporation or organization) (IRS Employer
Identification No.)
3885 Holcomb Bridge Road
Norcross, Georgia 30092
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
If this form relates to the registration of a class of securities pursuant
to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and is effective pursuant to General
Instruction A.(c), please check the following box. [_]
If this form relates to the registration of a class of securities pursuant
to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act and is effective pursuant to General
Instruction A.(d), please check the following box. [_]
Securities Act registration statement file number to which this form relates:
333-32099
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(If applicable)
Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class Name of Each Exchange on Which
to be so Registered Each Class it to be Registered
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Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Shares of Common Stock
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(Title of Class)
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Item 1. Description of Registrant's Securities to be Registered.
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For a description of the securities being registered under Section 12(g) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, see the "Summary of Reinvestment Plan"
section on pages 25 through 27, and the "Description of Capital Stock" section
on pages 46 through 54 of the Prospectus dated January 30, 1998, contained in
Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11 Registration Statement of Wells Real
Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed with the Commission on January 15, 1999
(File No. 333-32099), which are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 2. Exhibits.
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Below are the exhibits filed as a part of this Registration Statement:
1. Form of Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant
contained in Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11 Registration Statement of Wells Real
Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed as Exhibit 3.1 with the Commission on
January 23, 1998 (File No. 333-32099), which is incorporated herein by reference
pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
2. Form of Bylaws of the Registrant contained in Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11
Registration Statement of Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed as
Exhibit 3.2 with the Commission on January 23, 1998 (File No. 333-32099), which
is incorporated herein by reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934;
3. Form of Subscription Agreement and Subscription Agreement Signature Page
which was included as Exhibit B to the Prospectus dated January 30, 1998,
contained in Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11 Registration Statement
of Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed as Exhibit 4.1 with the
Commission on January 15, 1999 (File No. 333-32099), which is incorporated
herein by reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934;
4. Form of Dividend Reinvestment Plan which was included as Exhibit C to the
Prospectus dated January 30, 1998, contained in Post-Effective Amendment No. 4
to Form S-11 Registration Statement of Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc.
filed as Exhibit 4.2 with the Commission on January 15, 1999 (File No. 333-
32099), which is incorporated herein by reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
5. Pages 25 through 27, and pages 46 through 54 of the Prospectus dated
January 30, 1998, contained in Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11
Registration Statement of Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed with
the Commission on January 15, 1999 (File No. 333-32099) (filed herewith pursuant
to Rule 12b-23(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized.
Date: April 5, 1999 WELLS REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ Leo F. Wells, III
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Leo F. Wells, III
President
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EXHIBIT INDEX
The following documents are filed as exhibits to this report. Those exhibits
previously filed and incorporated herein by reference are identified below by an
asterisk. For each exhibit identified by an asterisk, there is shown below a
description of the previous filing.
Exhibit Number
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1.* Form of Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the
Registrant contained in Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11 Registration
Statement of Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed as
Exhibit 3.1 with the Commission on January 23, 1998 (File No.
333-32099), which is incorporated herein by reference pursuant to
Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
2.* Form of Bylaws of the Registrant contained in Amendment No. 4 to
Form S-11 Registration Statement of Wells Real Estate Investment
Trust, Inc. filed as Exhibit 3.2 with the Commission on January
23, 1998 (File No. 333-32099), which is incorporated herein by
reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934;
3.* Form of Subscription Agreement and Subscription Agreement
Signature Page which was included as Exhibit B to the Prospectus
dated January 30, 1998, contained in Post-Effective Amendment No.
4 to Form S-11 Registration Statement of Wells Real Estate
Investment Trust, Inc. filed as Exhibit 4.1 with the Commission
on January 15, 1999 (File No. 333-32099), which is incorporated
herein by reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934;
4.* Form of Dividend Reinvestment Plan which was included as Exhibit
C to the Prospectus dated January 30, 1998, contained in Post-
Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-11 Registration Statement of
Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. filed as Exhibit 4.2
with the Commission on January 15, 1999 (File No. 333-32099),
which is incorporated herein by reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
5. Pages 25 through 27, and pages 46 through 54 of the Prospectus
dated January 30, 1998, contained in Post-Effective Amendment No.
4 to Form S-11 Registration Statement of Wells Real Estate
Investment Trust, Inc. filed with the Commission on January 15,
1999 (File No. 333-32099) (filed herewith pursuant to Rule 12b-
23(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).
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SUMMARY OF REINVESTMENT PLAN
The Company has adopted the Reinvestment Plan pursuant to which
stockholders may elect to have the full amount of their cash distributions from
the Company reinvested in additional Shares of the Company. The following
discussion summarizes the principal terms of the Reinvestment Plan. The
Reinvestment Plan and the Prospectus to be used in connection with certain sales
of the Company's stock are attached hereto as Exhibit C.
GENERAL
Shareholders who have received a copy of this Prospectus and participate in
this Offering can elect to participate in and purchase Shares through the
Reinvestment Plan at any time and will not need to receive a separate prospectus
relating solely to the Reinvestment Plan. A person who becomes a stockholder
otherwise than by participating in this Offering may purchase Shares through the
Reinvestment Plan only after receipt of a separate prospectus relating solely to
the Reinvestment Plan.
The price per Share purchased pursuant to the Reinvestment Plan shall be
the Offering price, which is $10.00 per Share, until all of the Shares in this
Offering that are reserved for the Reinvestment Plan have been sold thereunder.
After such time, Shares for the Reinvestment Plan may be acquired by the Company
either through purchases on the open market and/or additional registrations
relating to the Reinvestment Plan, in either case at a per Share price equal to
the then-prevailing market price on the securities exchange or over-the-counter
market on which the Shares are listed at the date of purchase. The Company is
unable to predict the effect which such a Listing would have on the price of the
Shares acquired through the Reinvestment Plan.
INVESTMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
Distributions will be used to purchase Shares on behalf of the Participants
from the Company. All such distributions shall be invested in Shares within 30
days after such payment date. Any distributions not so invested will be
returned to Participants.
At this time, Participants will not have the option to make voluntary
contributions to the Reinvestment Plan to purchase Shares in excess of the
amount of Shares that can be purchased with their distributions. The Board of
Directors reserves the right, however, to amend the Reinvestment Plan in the
future to permit voluntary contributions to the Reinvestment Plan by
Participants, to the extent consistent with the Company's objective of
qualifying as a REIT.
PARTICIPANT ACCOUNTS, FEE, AND ALLOCATION OF SHARES
For each Participant, the Company will maintain a record which shall
reflect for each fiscal quarter the distributions received by the Company on
behalf of such Participant. Any interest earned on such Distributions will be
paid to the Company to defray certain costs relating to the Reinvestment Plan.
The Company will use the aggregate amount of distributions to all
Participants for each fiscal quarter to purchase Shares for the Participants.
If the aggregate amount of distributions to Participants exceeds the amount
required to purchase all Shares then available for purchase, the Company will
purchase all available Shares and will return all remaining distributions to the
Participants within 30 days after the date such distributions are made. The
purchased Shares will be allocated among the Participants based on the portion
of the aggregate distributions received on behalf of each Participant, as
reflected in the records maintained by the Company. The ownership of the Shares
purchased pursuant to the Reinvestment Plan shall be reflected on the books of
the Company.
Shares acquired pursuant to the Reinvestment Plan will entitle the
Participant to the same rights and to be treated in the same manner as those
purchased by the Participants in the Offering. Accordingly, the Company will
pay the following commissions and fees in connection with Shares sold under the
Reinvestment Plan (until all such Shares are sold): the Selling Commissions of
7% (subject to reduction under the circumstances provided under "The Offering--
Plan of Distribution"), the Marketing and Due Diligence Fee of 2.5%, and the
Acquisition and Advisory Fees of 3% of the purchase price of the Shares sold
pursuant to the Reinvestment Plan. In connection with investments
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by Ohio investors, the Company will pay only Acquisition and Advisory Fees of 3%
of the purchase price of the Shares sold pursuant to the Reinvestment Plan.
Thereafter, Acquisition and Advisory Fees will be paid by the Company only in
the event that proceeds of the sale of Shares are used to acquire properties. As
a result, aggregate fees payable to Affiliates of the Company will total between
9% and 12.5% of the proceeds of reinvested distributions, up to 7% of which may
be reallowed to Soliciting Dealers.
The allocation of Shares among Participants may result in the ownership of
fractional Shares, computed to four decimal places.
REPORTS TO PARTICIPANTS
Within 60 days after the end of each fiscal quarter, the Company will mail
to each Participant a statement of account describing, as to such Participant,
the distributions reinvested during the quarter, the number of Shares purchased
during the quarter, the per Share purchase price for such Shares, the total
administrative charge paid by the Company on behalf of each Participant (see "--
Participant Accounts, Fees and Allocation of Shares" above), and the total
number of Shares purchased on behalf of the Participant pursuant to the
Reinvestment Plan. See "--General" above.
Tax information with respect to income earned on Shares under the
Reinvestment Plan for the calendar year will be sent to each participant by the
Company.
ELECTION TO PARTICIPATE OR TERMINATE PARTICIPATION
Stockholders of the Company who purchase Shares in this Offering may become
Participants in the Reinvestment Plan by making a written election to
participate on their Subscription Agreements at the time they subscribe for
Shares. Any other stockholder who receives a copy of this Prospectus or a
separate prospectus relating solely to the Reinvestment Plan and who has not
previously elected to participate in the Reinvestment Plan may so elect at any
time by completing the enrollment form attached to such prospectus or by other
appropriate written notice to the Plan Administrator or Company of such
stockholder's desire to participate in the Reinvestment Plan. Participation in
the Reinvestment Plan will commence with the next distribution made after
receipt of the Participant's notice, provided it is received at least ten days
prior to the record date for such distribution. Subject to the preceding
sentence, the election to participate in the Reinvestment Plan will apply to all
distributions attributable to the fiscal quarter in which the stockholder made
such written election to participate in the Reinvestment Plan and to all fiscal
quarters thereafter, whether made (i) upon subscription or subsequently for
stockholders who participate in this offering, or (ii) upon receipt of a
separate prospectus relating solely to the Reinvestment Plan for stockholders
who do not participate in this offering. Participants will be able to terminate
their participation in the Reinvestment Plan at any time without penalty by
delivering written notice to the Plan Administrator or Company no less than ten
days prior to the next record date. The Company may also terminate the
Reinvestment Plan for any reason at any time, upon 10 days' prior written notice
to all Participants.
A Participant who chooses to terminate participation in the Reinvestment
Plan must terminate his or her entire participation in the Reinvestment Plan and
will not be allowed to terminate in part. If the Reinvestment Plan is
terminated, the Company will update its stock records to account for all whole
shares purchased by the participant(s) in the Plan, and if any fractional shares
exist, the Company may either (a) send you a check in payment for any fractional
shares in your account based in the then-current market price for the shares, or
(b) credit your stock ownership account with any such fractional shares. There
are no fees associated with a Participant's terminating his interest in the
Reinvestment Plan or the Company's termination of the plan. A Participant in
the Reinvestment Plan who terminates his interest in the Reinvestment Plan will
be allowed to participate in the Reinvestment Plan again by notifying the
Company and completing any required forms.
The Board of Directors reserves the right to prohibit Qualified Plans from
participating in the Reinvestment Plan if such participation would cause the
underlying assets of the Company to constitute "plan assets" of Qualified Plans.
See "Federal Income Tax Considerations --Taxation of Tax-Exempt Shareholders."
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FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
Stockholders subject to federal income taxation who elect to participate in
the Reinvestment Plan will incur a tax liability for distributions allocated to
them even though they have elected not to receive their distributions in cash
but rather to have their distributions held pursuant to the Reinvestment Plan.
Specifically, stockholders will be treated as if they have received the
distribution from the Company and then applied such Distribution to purchase
Shares in the Reinvestment Plan. A stockholder designating a distribution for
reinvestment will be taxed on the amount of such distribution as ordinary income
to the extent such distribution is from current or accumulated earnings and
profits, unless the Company has designated all or a portion of the distribution
as a capital gain dividend. In such case, such designated portion of the
distribution will be taxed as long-term capital gain.
AMENDMENTS AND TERMINATION
The Company reserves the right to amend any aspect of the Reinvestment Plan
without the consent of stockholders, provided that notice of the amendment is
sent to Participants at least 30 days prior to the effective date thereof. The
Company also reserves the right to terminate the Reinvestment Plan for any
reason at any time by ten days' prior written notice of termination to all
Participants. The Company may terminate a Participant's participation in the
Plan immediately if in the Company's judgment such Participant's participation
jeopardizes in any way the Company's status as a real estate investment trust.
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The Share Repurchase Program ("SRP") may, subject to certain restrictions,
provide eligible stockholders with limited, interim liquidity by enabling them
to sell Shares back to the Company at a price during the period of this Offering
equal to $8.40 per Share. After the Offering, the price per Share pursuant to
the SRP will be set from time to time by the Board of Directors in its sole
discretion. In such cases, the Board of Directors will consider the Company's
net asset value, recent comparable offerings and other factors which the Board
of Directors, in its sole discretion, deems relevant. Repurchase prices are
expected to be available on the Company's Internet/World Wide Web site
(www.wellsref.com), and will be given by telephone upon request.
Repurchases under the SRP, when done, will be made quarterly by the Company
in its sole discretion on a first-come, first-served basis, and will be limited
in the following ways: (i) not more than $500,000 worth of the outstanding
Shares will be repurchased in any given year; and (ii) the funds available for
repurchase will be limited to available proceeds received by the Company from
the sale of Shares under the Reinvestment Plan. The determination of available
funds from sales under the Reinvestment Plan and the decision to repurchase
Shares will be at the sole discretion of the Board. In making this
determination, the Board will consider the need to use proceeds from the Share
sales under the Reinvestment Plan for investment in additional properties, or
for maintenance or repair of existing properties. Such property-related uses
will have priority over the need to allocate funds to the SRP. To be eligible
to offer Shares for purchase to the SRP, the stockholder must have beneficially
held the Shares for at least one year.
The Company cannot guarantee that funds will be available for repurchase.
If no funds are available for the SRP at the time when repurchase is requested,
the stockholder could: (i) withdraw his request for repurchase; or (ii) ask that
the Company honor the request at such time, if any, when funds are available.
Such pending requests will be honored on a first-come, first-served basis.
There is no requirement that stockholders sell their Shares to the Company. The
SRP is only intended to provide interim liquidity for stockholders until a
secondary market develops for the Shares. No such market presently exists and
no assurance can be given that one will develop. The SRP will exist during the
Offering period and will be terminated following the close of the Offering
period upon the Listing.
Shares purchased by the Company under the SRP will be canceled, and will
have the status of authorized but unissued Shares. Shares acquired by the
Company through the SRP will not be reissued unless they are first registered
with the Commission under the Act and under appropriate state securities laws or
otherwise issued in compliance with such laws.
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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As of the date of this Prospectus, the Company had not yet commenced active
operations. Subscription proceeds may be released to the Company as accepted
and applied to investment in properties and the payment or reimbursement of
Selling Commissions and other Organization and Offering Expenses. See
"Estimated Use of Proceeds." The Company will experience a relative increase in
liquidity as additional subscriptions for Shares are received, and a relative
decrease in liquidity as net Offering proceeds are expended in connection with
the acquisition, development and operation of properties.
As of the initial date of this Prospectus, the Company has not entered into
any arrangements creating a reasonable probability that any specific property
will be acquired by the Company. The number of Company properties to be
acquired by the Company will depend upon the number of Shares sold and the
resulting amount of the net proceeds available for investment in properties
available to the Company. See "Risk Factors."
The Company is not aware of any material trends or uncertainties, favorable
or unfavorable, other than national economic conditions affecting real estate
generally, which may be reasonably anticipated to have a material impact on
either capital resources or the revenues or income to be derived from the
operation of the Company's properties.
Until required for the acquisition, development or operation of properties,
net Offering proceeds will be kept in short-term, liquid investments. Because
the vast majority of leases for the properties acquired by the Company will
provide for tenant reimbursement of operating expenses, it is not anticipated
that a permanent reserve for maintenance and repairs of Company properties will
be established. However, to the extent that the Company has insufficient funds
for such purposes, the Advisor may contribute to the Company an aggregate amount
of up to 1% of Gross Offering Proceeds for maintenance and repairs of the
Company's properties. The Advisor also may, but is not required to, establish
reserves from Gross Offering Proceeds, out of cash flow generated by operating
properties or out of Nonliquidating Net Sale Proceeds.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following summary of certain provisions of the Company's Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws and Maryland law is subject to and qualified in its
entirety by reference to such documents, copies of which are Exhibits to the
Registration Statement of which this Prospectus is a part.
Under its Articles of Incorporation, the Company has authority to issue a
total of 90,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 40,000,000 shares are
designated as common stock, $.01 par value per share (the "Common Stock"),
5,000,000 shares of which are designated are preferred stock, $.01 par value per
share (the "Preferred Stock"), and 45,000,000 shares are designated as Shares-
in-Trust (as described in "-- Articles of Incorporation and Bylaw Provisions."
COMMON STOCK
The holders of Shares are entitled to one vote per share on all matters
voted on by shareholders, including elections of directors. Except as otherwise
required by law or provided in any resolution adopted by the Board of Directors
with respect to any series of Preferred Stock, the holders of such shares
exclusively possess all voting power. The Articles of Incorporation do not
provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors. Subject to any
preferential rights of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock, the holders of
Shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared from time to time by
the Board of Directors from funds available therefor, and upon liquidation are
entitled to receive pro rata all assets of the Company available for
distribution to such holders. All Shares issued in the Offering will be fully
paid and nonassessable and the holders thereof will not have preemptive rights.
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PREFERRED STOCK
The Articles of Incorporation authorize the Board of Directors to designate
and issue from time to time one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock
without stockholder approval. The Board of Directors may determine the relative
rights, preferences and privileges of each class or series of Preferred Stock so
issued, which may be more beneficial than those of the Common Stock. However,
the voting rights for each share of Preferred Stock shall not exceed voting
rights of the Common Stock. The issuance of Preferred Stock could have the
effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company. The Board
of Directors has no present plans to issue any Preferred Stock, but may
nevertheless do so in the future.
SOLICITING DEALER WARRANTS
The Company has agreed to issue and sell, and the Dealer Manager has agreed
to purchase for the price of $.0008 per warrant, warrants (the "Soliciting
Dealer Warrants") to purchase one Share per Soliciting Dealer Warrant for each
Share sold by the Dealer Manager (and/or the Soliciting Dealers), up to a
maximum of 600,000 Soliciting Dealer Warrants. The Soliciting Dealer Warrants
will be issued on a quarterly basis commencing 60 days after the date on which
the Shares are first sold pursuant to this Offering. The Dealer Manager may
retain or reallow all Soliciting Dealer Warrants to the Soliciting Dealers
(except Soliciting Dealers in Minnesota), unless such issuance of the Soliciting
Dealer Warrants is prohibited by either federal or state securities laws. The
Shares issuable upon exercise of the Soliciting Dealer Warrants are being
registered as part of this Offering.
Each Soliciting Dealer will receive from the Dealer Manager one Soliciting
Dealer Warrant for each 25 Shares sold by such Soliciting Dealer during this
Offering. All Shares sold by the Company other than through the Reinvestment
Plan will be included in the computation of the number of Shares sold to
determine the number of Soliciting Dealer Warrants to be issued. The holder of
a Soliciting Dealer Warrant will be entitled to purchase one Share from the
Company at a price of $12 (120% of the public offering price per Share) during
the time period beginning one year from the effective date of this Offering and
ending five years after the effective date of this Offering (the "Exercise
Period"). A Soliciting Dealer Warrant may not be exercised unless the Shares to
be issued upon the exercise of the Soliciting Dealer Warrant have been
registered or are exempt from registration in the state of residence of the
holder of the Soliciting Dealer Warrant or if a prospectus required under the
laws of such state cannot be delivered to the buyer on behalf of the Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Soliciting Dealer Warrants will be exercisable
until one year from the effective date of the Offering. In addition, holders of
Soliciting Dealer Warrants may not exercise the Soliciting Dealer Warrants to
the extent such exercise would jeopardize the Company's status as a REIT under
the Code.
The terms of the Soliciting Dealer Warrants, including the exercise price
and the number and type of securities issuable upon exercise of a Soliciting
Dealer Warrant and the number of such warrants may be adjusted in the event of
stock dividends, stock splits, or a merger, consolidation, reclassification,
reorganization, recapitalization, or sale of assets. Soliciting Dealer Warrants
are not transferable or assignable except by the Dealer Manager, the Soliciting
Dealers, their successors in interest, or to individuals who are officers of
such a person. Exercise of these Soliciting Dealer Warrants will be under the
terms and conditions detailed in this Prospectus and in the Warrant Purchase
Agreement, which is an exhibit to the Registration Statement.
Holders of Soliciting Dealer Warrants do not have the rights of
stockholders, may not vote on Company matters and are not entitled to receive
distributions until such time as such warrants are exercised.
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAW PROVISIONS
Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer
For the Company to qualify as a REIT under the Code, it must meet certain
requirements concerning the ownership of its outstanding shares of capital
stock. Specifically, not more than 50% in value of the Company's outstanding
shares of capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer
individuals (as defined in the Code to include certain entities) during the last
half of a taxable year, and the Company must be beneficially owned by
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100 or more persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months
or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. See "Federal Income
Tax Considerations -- Requirements for Qualification." In addition, the Company
must meet certain requirements regarding the nature of its gross income in order
to qualify as a REIT. One such requirement is that at least 75% of the
Company's gross income for each year must consist of "rents from real property"
and income from certain other real property investments. No rent that the
Company receives from a tenant in which it owns 10% or more of the ownership
interests will qualify as "rents from real property." See "Federal Income Tax
Considerations -- Requirements for Qualification -- Income Tests."
Because the Board of Directors believes it is essential for the Company to
continue to qualify as a REIT, the Articles of Incorporation, subject to certain
exceptions described below, provide that no person may own, or be deemed to own
by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Code, more than 9.8% (the
"Ownership Limitation") of the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock or
more than 9.8% of the number of outstanding shares of any class of Preferred
Stock.
Any transfer of Shares that would (i) result in any person owning, directly
or indirectly, Shares in excess of the Ownership Limitation, (ii) result in
Shares being owned by fewer than 100 persons (determined without reference to
any rules of attribution), (iii) result in the Company being "closely held"
within the meaning of section 856(h) of the Code, or (iv) cause the Company to
own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the ownership interests in a
tenant of the Company's or the Operating Partnership's real property, within the
meaning of section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code, will be null and void, and the
intended transferee will acquire no rights in such Shares.
Subject to certain exceptions described below, any purported transfer of
Shares that would (i) result in any person owning, directly or indirectly,
Shares in excess of the Ownership Limitation, (ii) result in the Shares being
owned by fewer than 100 persons (determined without reference to any rules of
attribution), (iii) result in the Company being "closely held" within the
meaning of section 856(h) of the Code, or (iv) cause the Company to own,
actually or constructively, 10% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant
of the Company's or the Operating Partnership's real property, within the
meaning of section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code, will be designated as "Shares-in-
Trust" and will be transferred automatically to a trust (a "Trust"), effective
on the day before the purported transfer of such Shares. The record holder of
the Shares that are designated as Shares-in-Trust (the "Prohibited Owner") will
be required to submit such number of Shares to the Company for registration in
the name of the trustee of the Trust (the "Trustee"). The Trustee will be
designated by the Company, but will not be affiliated with the Company. The
beneficiary of a Trust (the "Beneficiary") will be one or more charitable
organizations named by the Company.
Shares-in-Trust will remain issued and outstanding Shares and will be
entitled to the same rights and privileges as all other shares of the same class
or series. The Trustee will receive all dividends and distributions on the
Shares-in-Trust and will hold such dividends or distributions in trust for the
benefit of the Beneficiary. The Trustee will vote all Shares-in-Trust. The
Trustee will designate a permitted transferee of the Shares-in-Trust, provided
that the permitted transferee (i) purchases such Shares-in-Trust for valuable
consideration and (ii) acquires such Shares-in-Trust without such acquisition
resulting in another transfer to another Trust.
The Prohibited Owner with respect to Shares-in-Trust will be required to
repay to the Trustee the amount of any dividends or distributions received by
the Prohibited Owner (i) that are attributable to any Shares-in-Trust and (ii)
the record date of which was on or after the date that such shares became
Shares-in-Trust. Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Company that
shares of the Company's common stock have been transferred to the Trust, the
Company shall, at its sole option, either (i) repurchase such Shares-in-Trust
from the Prohibited Owner, or (ii) cause the Trustee to sell the Shares-in-Trust
on behalf of the Prohibited Owner to a third party (the "Option"). The
Prohibited Owner shall receive from the Trustee the lesser of (i) the price per
share in the transaction that created such Shares-in-Trust (or, in the case of a
gift or devise, the Market Price (as defined below) per share on the date of
such transfer) or (ii) the Market Price per share on the date that the Company,
or its designee, accepts such offer. Any amounts received by the Trustee in
excess of the amounts to be paid to the Prohibited Owner will be distributed to
the Beneficiary. Such purchase price amount shall be sent to the Prohibited
Owner within five business days from the close of such sale transaction.
In connection with the Option described above, the Shares-in-Trust will be
deemed to have been offered for sale to the Company, or its designee. The
Company will have the right to accept such offer for a period of 20 days after
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the later of (i) the date of the purported transfer which resulted in such
Shares-in-Trust or (ii) the date the Company determines in good faith that a
transfer resulting in such Shares-in-Trust occurred.
"Market Price" on any date shall mean the average of the Closing Price for
the five consecutive Trading Days ending on such date. The "Closing Price" on
any date shall mean the last sale price, regular way, or, in case no such sale
takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices,
regular way, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated
transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to
trading on the NYSE or, if the Shares are not listed or admitted to trading on
the NYSE, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system
with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange
on which the Shares are listed or admitted to trading or, if the Shares are not
listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last
quoted price, or if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked
prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the National Association
of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation System or, if such system is no
longer in use, the principal other automated quotations system that may then be
in use or, if the Shares are not quoted by any such organization, the average of
the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker
making a market in the Shares selected by the Board of Directors, or, if no such
market maker exists, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.
"Trading Day" shall mean a day on which the principal national securities
exchange on which the Shares are listed or admitted to trading is open for the
transaction of business or, if the Shares are not listed or admitted to trading
on any national securities exchange, shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a
Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are
authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.
Any person who (a) acquires Shares in violation of the foregoing
restrictions or who owned Shares that were transferred to a Trust is required to
give immediately written notice to the Company of such event, and (b) transfers
or receives (or attempts to transfer or receive) Shares subject to such
limitations is required to give the Company at least 15 days written notice
prior to such transaction, and in both cases such persons shall provide to the
Company such other information as the Company may request in order to determine
the effect, if any, of such transfer on the Company's status as a REIT.
All persons who own, directly or indirectly, more than 5% (or such lower
percentages as required pursuant to regulations under the Code) of the
outstanding Shares must, within 30 days after January 1 of each year, provide to
the Company a written statement or affidavit stating (i) the name and address of
such direct or indirect owner, (ii) the number of Shares owned directly or
indirectly, and (iii) a description of how such shares are held. In addition,
each direct or indirect shareholder shall provide to the Company such additional
information as the Company may request in order to determine the effect, if any,
of such ownership on the Company's status as a REIT and to ensure compliance
with the Ownership Limitation.
The Ownership Limitation generally will not apply to the acquisition of
Shares by an underwriter that participates in a public offering of such shares.
In addition, the Board of Directors, upon receipt of a ruling from the Service
or an opinion of counsel and upon such other conditions as the Board of
Directors may direct, may exempt a person from the Ownership Limitation under
certain circumstances. The foregoing restrictions will continue to apply until
(i) the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in the best interests
of the Company to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT and
(ii) there is an affirmative vote of a majority of the number of Shares entitled
to vote on such matter at a regular or special meeting of the shareholders of
the Company.
All certificates representing Shares will bear a legend referring to the
restrictions described above.
The Ownership Limitation could have the effect of discouraging a takeover
or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of the Shares
might receive a premium from their Shares over the then prevailing market price
or which such holders might believe to be otherwise in their best interest.
Number of Directors; Removal; Filling Vacancies
The Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws provide that the number of
directors will consist of not less than 3 nor more than 15 persons, subject to
increase or decrease by the affirmative vote of 80% of the members of the entire
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Board of Directors. At all times a majority of the directors shall be
Independent Directors, except that upon the death, removal or resignation of an
Independent Director, such requirement shall not be applicable for 90 days.
Upon completion of the Offering, there will be five directors, three of whom
shall be Independent Directors. The shareholders shall be entitled to vote on
the election or removal of directors, with each share entitled to one vote. The
Articles of Incorporation provide that, subject to any rights of holders of any
class of preferred stock, and unless the Board of Directors otherwise
determines, any vacancies will be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority
of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum, provided that Independent
Directors shall nominate and approve directors to fill vacancies created by
Independent Directors. Accordingly, the Board of Directors could temporarily
prevent any shareholder from enlarging the Board of Directors and filling the
new directorships with such shareholder's own nominees. Any directors so
elected shall hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders.
A director may be removed with or without cause by the vote of the holders
of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote for
the election of directors at a special meeting of the shareholders called for
the purpose of removing such director.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
The MGCL permits a Maryland corporation to include in its Articles of
Incorporation a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers
to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability
resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money,
property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a
final judgment as being material to the cause of action.
Subject to the conditions set forth below, the Articles of Incorporation
provides that the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless a Director, Advisor
or Affiliate against any or all losses or liabilities reasonably incurred by
such Director, Advisor or Affiliate in connection with or by reason of any act
or omission performed or omitted to be performed on behalf of the Company in
such capacity.
Under the Company's Articles of Incorporation, the Company shall not
indemnify its Directors, Advisor or any Affiliate for any liability or loss
suffered by the Directors, Advisors or Affiliates, nor shall it provide that the
Directors, Advisors or Affiliates be held harmless for any loss or liability
suffered by the Company, unless all of the following conditions are met: (i) the
Directors, Advisor or Affiliates have determined, in good faith, that the course
of conduct which caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the
Company; (ii) the Directors, Advisor or Affiliates were acting on behalf of or
performing services of the Company; (iii) such liability or loss was not the
result of (A) negligence or misconduct by the Directors, excluding the
Independent Directors, Advisors or Affiliates; or (B) gross negligence or
willful misconduct by the Independent Directors; (iv) such indemnification or
agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of the Company's net assets
and not from Shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Directors,
Advisors or Affiliates and any persons acting as a broker-dealer shall not be
indemnified by the Company for any losses, liability or expenses arising from or
out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party
unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a
successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities
law violations as to the particular indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been
dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as
to the particular indemnitee; (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a
settlement of the claims against a particular indemnitee and finds that
indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the
court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the
position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities
regulatory authority in which securities of the Company were offered or sold as
to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
The Articles of Incorporation provides that the advancement of Company
funds to the Directors, Advisors or Affiliates for legal expenses and other
costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is
being sought is permissible only if all of the following conditions are
satisfied: (i) the legal action relates to acts or omissions with respect to the
performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company; (ii) the legal
action is initiated by a third party who is not a Shareholder or the legal
action is initiated by a Shareholder acting in his or her capacity as such and a
court of competent jurisdiction specifically approves such advancement; (iii)
the Directors, Advisor or Affiliates undertake to repay the advanced funds to
the Company together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, in
cases in which such Directors, Advisor or Affiliates are found not to be
entitled to indemnification.
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The MGCL requires a Maryland corporation (unless its Articles of
Incorporation provide otherwise, which the Company's Articles of Incorporation
do not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the
merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he is made a
party by reason of his service in that capacity. The MGCL permits a Maryland
corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among
others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses
actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be
made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it
is established that (a) the act or omission of the director or officer was
material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (i) was committed in
bad faith or (ii) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (b) the
director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money,
property or services or (c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director
or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was
unlawful. However, under the MGCL a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for
an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a
judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly
received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for
expenses. In addition, the MGCL permits a corporation to advance reasonable
expenses to a director or officer upon the corporation's receipt of (a) a
written affirmation by the director or officer of his good faith belief that he
has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Company as
authorized by the Bylaws and (b) a written undertaking by or on his behalf to
repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Company if it shall ultimately be
determined that the standard of conduct was not met. Indemnification under the
provisions of the MGCL is not deemed exclusive of any other rights, by
indemnification or otherwise, to which an officer or director may be entitled
under the Company's Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws, or under resolutions of
stockholders or directors, contract or otherwise. It is the position of the
Commission that indemnification of directors an officers for liabilities arising
under the Securities Act is against public policy and is unenforceable pursuant
to Section 14 of the Securities Act.
The Company intends to purchased and maintain insurance on behalf of all of
its directors and executive officers against liability asserted against or
incurred by them in their official capacities with the Company, whether or not
the Company is required or has the power to indemnify them against the same
liability.
Causes of action resulting from violations of federal or state securities
law shall be governed by such law.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Under the MGCL, certain "business combinations" (including a merger,
consolidation, share exchange or, in certain circumstances, an asset transfer or
issuance or reclassification of equity securities) between a Maryland
corporation and any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power
of such corporation's shares or an affiliate of such corporation who, at any
time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the
beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then-outstanding
voting shares of such corporation (an "Interested Stockholder") or an affiliate
thereof, are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the
Interested Stockholder became an Interested Stockholder. Thereafter, any such
business combination must be recommended by the board of directors of such
corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least (a) 80% of the
votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of
the corporation and (b) two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders
of voting shares of such corporation other than shares held by the Interested
Stockholder with whom (or with whose affiliate) the business combination is to
be effected, unless, among other conditions, the corporation's common
stockholders receive a minimum price (as defined in the MGCL) for their shares
and the consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid
by the Interested Stockholder for its shares. These provisions of the MGCL do
not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by
the board of directors of the corporation prior to the time that the Interested
Stockholder becomes an Interested Stockholder.
CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITION STATUTE
The MGCL provides that "control shares" of a Maryland corporation acquired
in a "control share acquisition" have no voting rights except to the extent
approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter,
excluding shares owned by the acquiror, by officers or by directors who are
employees of the corporation. "Control Shares" are voting shares which, if
aggregated with all other such shares previously acquired by the acquiror, or in
respect of which the acquiror is able to exercise or direct the exercise of
voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the
acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the
following
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ranges of voting power: (i) one-fifth or more but less than one-third, (ii) one-
third or more but less than a majority, or (iii) a majority or more of all
voting power. Control Shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then
entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval.
A "control share acquisition" means the acquisition of control shares, subject
to certain exceptions.
A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition, upon
satisfaction of certain conditions (including an undertaking to pay expenses),
may compel the board of directors of the corporation to call a special meeting
of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting
rights of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may
itself present the question at any stockholders meeting.
If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person
does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then
subject to certain conditions and limitations, the corporation may redeem any or
all of the control shares (except those for which voting rights have previously
been approved) for fair value determined, without regard to the absence of
voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share
acquisition by the acquiror or of any meeting of stockholders at which the
voting rights of such shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights
for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror
becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other
stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as
determined for purposes of such appraisal rights may not be less than the
highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition.
The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired in
a merger, consolidation or share exchange, if the corporation is a party to the
transaction, or to acquisitions approved or exempted by the Articles of
Incorporation or bylaws of the corporation.
The Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company contain a provision
exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by
any person of the Company's capital stock. There can be no assurance that such
provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
AMENDMENT TO THE ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
The Articles of Incorporation of the Company may be amended by the
affirmative vote by holders of a majority of the shares then outstanding and
entitled to vote thereon, without the concurrence of the Board of Directors,
provided, however, (i) no amendment may be made which would change any rights
with respect to any outstanding class of securities by reducing the amount
payable thereon upon liquidation or by diminishing or eliminating any voting
rights pertaining thereto; (ii) the provisions pertaining to amending the
Articles of Incorporation and reorganizations shall not be amended, (iii) no
term or provision of the Articles of Incorporation may be added, amended or
repealed in any respect that would, in the determination of the Board of
Directors, cause the Company not to qualify as a REIT under the Code, (iv)
certain provisions of the Articles of Incorporation, including provisions
relating to the removal of directors, Independent Directors, preemptive rights
of holders of stock and the indemnification and limitation of liability of
officers and directors may not be amended or repealed and (v) provisions
imposing cumulative voting in the election of directors may not be added to the
Articles of Incorporation, unless, in each such case, such action is approved by
the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than a majority of all the votes
entitled to be cast thereon. The Board of Directors may amend the Articles of
Incorporation (without the concurrence by the stockholders) only to enable the
Company to qualify as a real estate investment trust under the Code.
DISSOLUTION OF THE COMPANY
The dissolution of the Company must be approved by the affirmative vote of
the holders of not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast
on the matter. Under the Articles of Incorporation, the Company will
automatically terminate and dissolve on January 30, 2008 (ten years after the
initial date of this Prospectus), unless the Listing occurs, in which event the
Company will automatically become a perpetual life entity.
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ADVANCE NOTICE OF DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS AND NEW BUSINESS
The Bylaws of the Company provide that (a) with respect to an annual
meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election to the Board of
Directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be
made only (i) pursuant to the Company's notice of the meeting, (ii) by or at the
direction of the Board of Directors or (iii) by a stockholder who is entitled to
vote at the meeting and has complied with the advance notice procedures set
forth in the Bylaws and (b) with respect to special meetings of stockholders,
only the business specified in the Company's notice of meeting may be brought
before the meeting of stockholders and nominations of persons for election to
the Board of Directors may be made only (i) pursuant to the Company's notice of
the meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (iii)
provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be
elected at such meeting, by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting
and has complied with the advance notice provisions set forth in the Bylaws.
MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
The Company's Bylaws provide that annual meetings of stockholders shall be
held on a date and at the time set by the Board of Directors. The Board of
Directors (including the Independent Directors) will take reasonable steps to
ensure that the annual stockholders meeting shall be set within a reasonable
period (not less than 30 days) following delivery of the annual report. Special
meetings of the stockholders may be called by (i) the President of the Company,
(ii) the Chief Executive Officer or (iii) the Board of Directors. As permitted
by the MGCL, the Bylaws of the Company provide that special meetings must be
called by the Secretary of the Company upon the written request of the holders
of shares entitled to cast not less than a majority of all votes entitled to be
cast at the meeting.
OPERATIONS
The Articles of Incorporation require the Board of Directors generally to
use its best efforts to cause the Company to qualify as a REIT. Although the
Company has opted to not be governed by Maryland's business combination and
control share acquisition statutes, if the Company's Articles of Incorporation
and Bylaws are amended to include them, such provisions of the MGCL could delay,
defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control of the Company that might
involve a premium price for holders of Shares or otherwise be in their best
interests.
INSPECTION OF BOOKS AND RECORDS
The Advisor will keep, or cause to be kept, on behalf of the Company, full
and true books of account on an accrual basis of accounting, in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. All of such books of account,
together with all other records of the Company, including a copy of the Articles
of Incorporation and any amendments thereto, will at all times be maintained at
the principal office of the Company, and will be open to inspection,
examination, and, for a reasonable charge, duplication upon reasonable notice
and during normal business hours by a stockholder or his agent.
As a part of its books and records, the Company will maintain at its
principal office an alphabetical list of names of stockholders, along with their
addresses and telephone numbers and the number of Shares held by each
stockholder. Such list shall be updated at least quarterly and shall be
available for inspection at the Company's home office by a stockholder or his or
her designated agent upon such stockholder's request. Such list also shall be
mailed to any stockholder requesting the list within 10 days of a request. The
Company may require the stockholder requesting the stockholder list to represent
that the list is not requested for a commercial purpose unrelated to the
stockholder's interest in the Company and that he or she will not make any
commercial distribution of such list or the information disclosed through such
inspection. The Company may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in
reproducing such list. The list may not be sold or used for commercial
purposes.
RESTRICTIONS ON "ROLL-UP" TRANSACTIONS
In connection with a proposed "Roll-Up Transaction," which, in general
terms, is any transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion, or
consolidation, directly or indirectly, of the Company and the issuance of
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securities of an entity that would be created or would survive after the
successful completion of the Roll-Up Transaction (a "Roll-Up Entity"), an
appraisal of all of the Company's properties shall be obtained from an
independent appraiser. In order to qualify as an independent appraiser for this
purpose(s), the person or entity shall have no material current or prior
business or personal relationship with the Advisor or Directors and shall be
engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding
the value of assets of the type held by the Company. The Company's properties
shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on
the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the
Company's properties as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the
proposed Roll-Up Transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation
of properties over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of such
Independent Expert shall clearly state that the engagement is for the benefit of
the Company and the stockholders. A summary of the independent appraisal,
indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included
in a report to stockholders in connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction.
In connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction, the person sponsoring the
Roll-Up Transaction shall offer to stockholders who vote against the proposal
the choice of:
(i) accepting the securities of the Roll-Up Entity offered in the proposed
Roll-Up Transaction; or
(ii) one of the following:
a. remaining stockholders of the Company and preserving their
interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously;
or
b. receiving cash in an amount equal to the stockholder's pro
rata share of the appraised value of the net assets of the Company.
The Company is prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-Up
Transaction:
(i) which would result in the stockholders having democracy rights in the
Roll-Up Entity that are less than those provided in the Company's Articles of
Incorporation and described elsewhere in this Prospectus, including rights with
respect to the election and removal of Directors, annual reports, annual and
special meetings, amendment of the Articles of Incorporation, and dissolution of
the Company;
(ii) which includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment
to, or frustration of, the accumulation of shares by any purchaser of the
securities of the Roll-Up Entity (except to the minimum extent necessary to
preserve the tax status of the Roll-Up Entity), or which would limit the ability
of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-Up
Entity on the basis of the number of shares held by that investor;
(iii) in which investor's rights to access of records of the Roll-Up
Entity will be less than those provided in the Company's Articles of
Incorporation and described in "Inspection of Books and Records," above; or
(iv) in which any of the costs of the Roll-Up Transaction would be borne
by the Company if the Roll-Up Transaction is not approved by the stockholders.
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