CIRCUIT CITY STORES INC
S-8, 2000-03-24
RADIO, TV & CONSUMER ELECTRONICS STORES
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                                                      Registration No.__________

     As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 24, 2000


                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549


                                    FORM S-8
                             Registration Statement
                                      Under

                           The Securities Act of 1933

                            CIRCUIT CITY STORES, INC.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


          Virginia                                             54-0493875
(State or other jurisdiction of                            (I.R.S. Employer
 incorporation or organization)                           Identification No.)


           9950 Mayland Drive
           Richmond, Virginia                                   23233
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)                     (Zip Code)
                                        ----------

           1997 CIRCUIT CITY STORES, INC. EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
                           FOR CARMAX GROUP EMPLOYEES,
               AS AMENDED AND RESTATED EFFECTIVE FEBRUARY 15, 2000
                            (Full title of the plan)

                    Richard L. Sharp, Chief Executive Officer
                            and Chairman of the Board
                            Circuit City Stores, Inc.
                               9950 Mayland Drive
                            Richmond, Virginia 23233
                     (Name and address of agent for service)

                                 (804) 527-4000
          (Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)



                                       1
<PAGE>




<TABLE>
<S> <C>
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE:

Title of             Amount to be     Proposed         Proposed            Amount of
Securities to be     Registered (1)   Maximum          Maximum             Registration Fee
Registered                            Offering Price   Aggregate Offering
                                      Per Share (2)    Price (2)

Circuit City         1,000,000        $2.2188          $2,218,800          $585.76
Stores, Inc.--
Carmax Group
Common Stock,
Par Value $.50,
With Attached
Rights to
Purchase
Preferred Stock,
Series F, Par
Value $20.00 (1)
</TABLE>


(1)      The Rights to Purchase Series F Preferred Stock will be attached to and
         trade with shares of CarMax Group Common Stock.  Value  attributable to
         such  rights,  if any,  will be  reflected  in the market  price of the
         shares of Common Stock.

(2)      Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the  registration  fee.
         Based on the  average of the high and low  prices of the  CarMax  Group
         Common Stock reported in the consolidated reporting system on March 21,
         2000.

         The Securities  covered by this Registration  Statement will be sold to
         employees of the Company and its  subsidiaries  from time to time under
         the 1997 Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  Employee  Stock  Purchase Plan for
         CarMax Group Employees, as amended and restated.


                                       2
<PAGE>


                                     PART II

               INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Item 3.  Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.

     Circuit City Stores, Inc. (the "Company"), hereby incorporates by reference
into this Registration Statement the documents listed below:

     (a)  the  Company's  Annual  Report on Form 10-K (File No.  1-5767) for the
          fiscal year ended February 28, 1999,  filed with the Commission on May
          25, 1999;

     (b)  the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 1-5767), filed with
          the Commission on June 17, 1999;

     (c)  the Company's  Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 1-5767) for the
          quarterly period ended May 31, 1999, filed with the Commission on July
          15, 1999, as amended by the Company's Amended Quarterly Report on Form
          10-Q/A (File No. 1-5767) for the quarterly  period ended May 31, 1999,
          filed with the Commission on July 21, 1999;

     (d)  the Company's  Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 1-5767) for the
          quarterly  period ended August 31, 1999,  filed with the Commission on
          October 15, 1999;

     (e)  the Company's  Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 1-5767) for the
          quarterly period ended November 30, 1999, filed with the Commission on
          January 14, 2000;

     (f)  the  description of the Company's  Circuit City Group Common Stock and
          CarMax Group Common Stock contained in the  Registration  Statement on
          Form 8-A filed with the  Commission  on January 2, 1997, as amended on
          Forms 8-A/A filed with the  Commission  on January 31,  1997,  July 8,
          1997,  April 28, 1998, and May 7, 1999, and as the same may be further
          amended after the date hereof (File No. 1-5767); and

     (g)  the description of the Rights to Purchase  Preferred Stock,  Series F,
          contained  in the  Registration  Statement  on Form 8-A filed with the
          Commission  on April 28, 1998, as amended on Form 8-A/A filed with the
          Commission  on May 7,  1999,  and as the same may be  amended  further
          after the date hereof (File No. 1-5767).

                                       3
<PAGE>

     In addition,  all documents filed by the Company pursuant to Section 13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 prior to the filing of
a  post-effective  amendment which indicates that all securities  offered hereby
have been sold or which  deregisters all such securities then remaining  unsold,
shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement
and to be a part hereof from the respective dates of filing of such documents.

Item 6.  Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

     The laws of the  Commonwealth of Virginia  pursuant to which the Company is
incorporated  permit it to indemnify its officers and directors  against certain
liabilities  with the  approval of its  shareholders.  The Amended and  Restated
Articles  of  Incorporation  of the  Company,  which have been  approved  by its
shareholders,  provide  for the  indemnification  of each  director  and officer
(including  former directors and officers and each person who may have served at
the request of the  Company as a director  or officer of any other legal  entity
and, in all such cases, his or her heirs, executors and administrators)  against
liabilities (including expenses) reasonably incurred by him or her in connection
with any actual or threatened action,  suit or proceeding to which he or she may
be made a party by  reason  of his or her being or  having  been a  director  or
officer of the Company,  except in relation to any action, suit or proceeding in
which he or she has been  adjudged  liable  because of willful  misconduct  or a
knowing violation of the criminal law. The Company has purchased  directors' and
officers' liability insurance policies. Within the limits of their coverage, the
policies  insure  (1)  the  directors  and  officers  of  the  Company  and  its
subsidiaries  against certain losses resulting from claims against them in their
capacities  as  directors  and  officers  to the extent that such losses are not
indemnified by the Company and (2) the Company to the extent that it indemnifies
such directors and officers for losses as permitted under the laws of Virginia.

Item 8.  Exhibits.

         See Exhibit Index following signatures.

Item 9.  Undertakings.

     (a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

               (1)  To file,  during  any  period  in which  offers or sales are
                    being made, a post-effective  amendment to this Registration
                    Statement:

                    (i)  To include any prospectus  required by Section 10(a)(3)
                         of  the   Securities   Act  of  1933  as  amended  (the
                         "Securities Act");

                                       4

<PAGE>
                    (ii)      To reflect in the  prospectus  any facts or events
                              after  the  effective  date  of  the  Registration
                              Statement  (or  the  most  recent   post-effective
                              amendment  thereof) which,  individually or in the
                              aggregate,  represent a fundamental  change in the
                              information   set   forth   in  the   Registration
                              Statement;

                    (iii)     To include any material  information  with respect
                              to  the  plan  of   distribution   not  previously
                              disclosed  in the  Registration  Statement  or any
                              material   change  to  such   information  in  the
                              Registration Statement;

                    Provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i) and (1)(ii) do not
               apply if the  Registration  Statement  is on Form S-3 or Form S-8
               and the information  required to be included in a  post-effective
               amendment by those  paragraphs  is contained in periodic  reports
               filed by the  registrant  pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d)
               of the  Exchange  Act that are  incorporated  by reference in the
               Registration Statement.

                  (2)      That,  for the purpose of  determining  any liability
                           under the  Securities  Act, each such  post-effective
                           amendment  shall be deemed  to be a new  registration
                           statement relating to the securities offered therein,
                           and the  offering  of such  securities  at that  time
                           shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide  offering
                           thereof.

                  (3)      To   remove   from   registration   by   means  of  a
                           post-effective  amendment any of the securities being
                           registered  which remain unsold at the termination of
                           the offering.

     (b) The  undersigned  registrant  hereby  undertakes  that, for purposes of
determining  any liability  under the Securities  Act, each such  post-effective
amendment and each filing of the registrant's  annual report pursuant to Section
13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where  applicable,  each filing
of an employee  benefit  plan's annual  report  pursuant to Section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act) that is  incorporated by reference in the  registration  statement
relating to the securities offered therein,  and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

     (c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act may be  permitted to  directors,  officers  and  controlling  persons of the
registrant pursuant to the foregoing  provisions,  or otherwise,  the registrant
has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such  indemnification  is
against  public policy as expressed in the  Securities  Act, and is,  therefore,
unenforceable.  In the  event  that a claim  for  indemnification  against  such
liabilities  (other than the payment by the  registrant of expenses  incurred or
paid by a  director,  officer or  controlling  person of the  registrant  in the
successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by

                                       5

<PAGE>
such director,  officer or controlling  person in connection with the securities
being registered,  the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the
matter  has  been  settled  by  controlling  precedent,  submit  to a  court  of
appropriate  jurisdiction  the question  whether such  indemnification  by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by
the final adjudication of such issue.

                                   SIGNATURES

     Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant
certifies  that it has  reasonable  grounds to believe  that it meets all of the
requirements  for  filing  on Form S-8 and has  duly  caused  this  registration
statement  to be  signed  on its  behalf  by  the  undersigned,  thereunto  duly
authorized,  in the County of Henrico,  Commonwealth  of Virginia,  on March 24,
2000.

                                          CIRCUIT CITY STORES, INC.
                                          Registrant

                                          By:      _____________________________
                                                   Michael T. Chalifoux
                                                   Executive Vice President,
                                                   Chief Financial Officer and
                                                   Corporate Secretary

     Pursuant  to  the   requirements  of  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  this
registration  statement  has been signed below by the  following  persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature                    Title                                    Date

Richard L. Sharp *
- ---------------------        Chief Executive Officer and          March 24, 2000
Richard L. Sharp             Chairman of the Board


Alan L. Wurtzel *
- ---------------------        Vice Chairman of the Board and       March 24, 2000
Alan L. Wurtzel              Director


- ---------------------        Executive Vice President, Chief      March 24, 2000
Michael T. Chalifoux         Financial Officer, Corporate
                             Secretary and Director

                                       6

<PAGE>

Richard N. Cooper *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Richard N. Cooper

Barbara S. Feigin *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Barbara S. Feigin

James F. Hardymon *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
James F. Hardymon

Robert S. Jepson, Jr. *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Robert S. Jepson, Jr.

W. Alan McCollough*          President, Chief Operating           March 24, 2000
- ---------------------        Officer and Director
W. Alan McCollough

Hugh G. Robinson *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Hugh G. Robinson

- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Walter J. Salmon


Mikael Salovaara *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Mikael Salovaara

                                       7
<PAGE>

John W. Snow *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
John W. Snow

Edward Villanueva *
- ---------------------        Director                             March 24, 2000
Edward Villanueva

- ---------------------        Senior Vice President, Treasurer,    March 24, 2000
Philip J. Dunn               Corporate Controller and Chief
                             Accounting Officer


*By:
      --------------------------
      Michael T. Chalifoux
      Attorney-In-Fact

                                       8
<PAGE>


                                  EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit           Document
Number

4.1               Registrant's  Amended and Restated  Articles of Incorporation,
                  effective  February  3,  1997,  filed with the  Commission  as
                  Exhibit 3(i)(a) to Registrant's  Amended  Quarterly  Report on
                  Form  10-Q/A  for the  quarter  ended May 31,  1999  (File No.
                  1-5767), are expressly incorporated herein by this reference.

4.2               Registrant's Articles of Amendment to Registrant's Amended and
                  Restated Articles of Incorporation,  effective April 28, 1998,
                  filed with the Commission as Exhibit  3(i)(b) to  Registrant's
                  Amended  Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended
                  May 31,1999  (File No.  1-5767),  are  expressly  incorporated
                  herein by this reference.

4.3               Registrant's Articles of Amendment to Registrant's Amended and
                  Restated Articles of  Incorporation,  effective June 22, 1999,
                  filed with the Commission as Exhibit  3(i)(c) to  Registrant's
                  Amended  Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended
                  May 31, 1999 (File No.  1-5767),  are  expressly  incorporated
                  herein by this reference.

4.4               Registrant's  Bylaws,  as amended and  restated  February  15,
                  2000, filed herewith.

4.5               First  Amended  and  Restated  Rights  Agreement  dated  as of
                  February  16,  1999,   between  Registrant  and  Norwest  Bank
                  Minnesota,  N.A.,  as  Rights  Agent,  filed as  Exhibit  1 to
                  Registrant's  Form 8-A/A filed May 7, 1999 (File No.  1-5767),
                  is expressly incorporated herein by this reference.

5                 Opinion and Consent of  McGuire,  Woods,  Battle & Boothe LLP,
                  filed herewith.

23.1              Consent of KPMG LLP, filed herewith.

23.2              Consent of McGuire, Woods,  Battle & Boothe  LLP (included  in
                  Exhibit 5).

24                Powers of Attorney, filed herewith.

99.1              Registrant's  1997 Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  Employee  Stock
                  Purchase  Plan for CarMax  Group  Employees,  as  amended  and
                  restated effective February 15, 2000, filed herewith.

                                       9




                                                                     Exhibit 4.4


                            CIRCUIT CITY STORES, INC.

                                     BYLAWS

                             AS AMENDED AND RESTATED

                                February 15,2000

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE I      MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS....................................12
   1.1         Place and Time of Meetings..................................12
   1.2         Organization and Order of Business..........................12
   1.3         Annual Meeting..............................................12
   1.4         Special Meetings............................................14
   1.5         Record Dates................................................14
   1.6         Notice of Meetings..........................................14
   1.7         Waiver of Notice; Attendance at Meeting.....................15
   1.8         Quorum and Voting Requirements..............................15
   1.9         Proxies.....................................................16
   1.10        Voting List.................................................16
ARTICLE II     DIRECTORS...................................................17
   2.1         General Powers..............................................17
   2.2         Number and Term.............................................17
   2.3         Nomination of Directors.....................................17
   2.4         Election....................................................18
   2.5         Removal; Vacancies..........................................18
   2.6         Annual and Regular Meetings.................................19
   2.7         Special Meetings............................................19
   2.8         Notice of Meetings..........................................19
   2.9         Waiver of Notice; Attendance at Meeting.....................20
   2.10        Quorum; Voting..............................................20
   2.11        Telephonic Meetings.........................................20
   2.12        Action Without Meeting......................................20
   2.13        Compensation................................................21
   2.14        Director Emeritus...........................................21
   2.15        Chairman and Vice Chairman..................................21
ARTICLE III    COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS.....................................21
   3.1         Committees..................................................21
   3.2         Authority of Committees.....................................21

                                       10

<PAGE>

   3.3         Executive Committee.........................................22
   3.4         Audit Committee.............................................22
   3.5         Nominating and Structure Committee..........................22
   3.6         Compensation and Personnel Committee........................23
   3.7         Committee Meetings; Miscellaneous...........................23
ARTICLE IV     OFFICERS....................................................24
   4.1         Officers....................................................24
   4.2         Election; Term..............................................24
   4.3         Removal of Officers.........................................24
   4.4         Duties of the President.....................................24
   4.5         Duties of the Vice President................................25
   4.6         Duties of the Secretary.....................................25
   4.7         Duties of the Chief Financial Officer.......................25
   4.8         Duties of the Assistant Secretary...........................25
   4.9         Duties of Other Officers....................................25
   4.10        Voting Securities of Other Corporations.....................26
   4.11        Compensation................................................26
   4.12        Bonds.......................................................26
ARTICLE V      EVIDENCE OF SHARES..........................................26
   5.1         Form........................................................26
   5.2         Transfer....................................................27
   5.3         Restrictions on Transfer....................................27
   5.4         Lost or Destroyed Share Certificates........................27
   5.5         Registered Shareholders.....................................27
ARTICLE VI     MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS....................................28
   6.1         Certain Definitions.........................................28
   6.2         Corporate Seal..............................................28
   6.3         Fiscal Year.................................................28
   6.4         Amendments..................................................28
   6.5         General.....................................................28

                                       11

<PAGE>


                            CIRCUIT CITY STORES, INC.
                                     BYLAWS

                                    ARTICLE I
                            MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

     1.1 Place and Time of Meetings.  Meetings of shareholders  shall be held at
the  principal  office of the  Corporation  or at such place,  either  within or
without the Commonwealth of Virginia, and at such time as may be provided in the
notice of the meeting and approved by the Board of Directors.

     1.2 Organization and Order of Business.  The Chairman or, in the Chairman's
absence,  the  President  shall  serve  as  chairman  at  all  meetings  of  the
shareholders. In the absence of both of the foregoing persons or if both of them
decline to serve,  a majority  of the shares  entitled  to vote at a meeting may
appoint  any person  entitled  to vote at the  meeting to act as  chairman.  The
Secretary or, in the Secretary's  absence,  an Assistant  Secretary shall act as
secretary  at all  meetings of the  shareholders.  In the event that neither the
Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary is present, the chairman of the meeting may
appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

     The Chairman  shall have the authority to make such rules and  regulations,
to  establish  such  procedures  and to take  such  steps  as he or she may deem
necessary  or  desirable  for  the  proper   conduct  of  each  meeting  of  the
shareholders,  including,  without limitation,  the authority to make the agenda
and to  establish  procedures  for  (i)  dismissing  of  business  not  properly
presented,  (ii) maintaining of order and safety,  (iii) placing  limitations on
the time  allotted to questions  or comments on the affairs of the  Corporation,
(iv) placing  restrictions  on  attendance at a meeting by persons or classes of
persons who are not  shareholders or their proxies,  (v) restricting  entry to a
meeting  after  the  time  prescribed  for the  commencement  thereof  and  (vi)
commencing, conducting and closing voting on any matter.

     Any  business  which  might  properly  have been  conducted  on an original
meeting date may come before an adjourned meeting when reconvened.

     1.3 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of shareholders shall be held on the
Tuesday in June of each year which is closest to June 16. If such day is a legal
holiday,  then the  annual  meeting  of  shareholders  shall be held on the next
succeeding business day.  Alternatively,  the annual meeting may be held at such
other time as may be provided  in the notice of the meeting and  approved by the
Board of Directors.

                                       12
<PAGE>

     At each  annual  meeting  of  shareholders,  only  such  business  shall be
conducted as is proper to consider  and has been brought  before the meeting (i)
pursuant to the Corporation's notice of the meeting, (ii) by or at the direction
of the Board of  Directors or (iii) by a  shareholder  who is a  shareholder  of
record of a class of shares entitled to vote on the business such shareholder is
proposing  and who is such a  shareholder  of  record,  both at the  time of the
giving of the shareholder's notice hereinafter described in this Section 1.3 and
on the record date for such annual  meeting,  and who  complies  with the notice
procedures set forth in this Section 1.3.

     In order to bring  before an annual  meeting of  shareholders  any business
which may properly be considered and which a shareholder  has not sought to have
included in the Corporation's proxy statement for the meeting, a shareholder who
meets  the  requirements  set  forth in the  preceding  paragraph  must give the
Corporation timely written notice. To be timely, a shareholder's  notice must be
given, either by personal delivery to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary at
the principal  office of the  Corporation  or by first class United States mail,
with postage thereon prepaid, addressed to the Secretary at the principal office
of the  Corporation.  Any such notice must be received (i) on or after  February
1st and  before  March 1st of the year in which  the  meeting  will be held,  if
clause (ii) is not applicable,  or (ii) not less than 90 days before the date of
the meeting if the date of such meeting, as prescribed in these bylaws, has been
changed by more than 30 days.

     Each  such  shareholder's  notice  shall set  forth as to each  matter  the
shareholder  proposes  to  bring  before  the  annual  meeting  (i) the name and
address,  as they  appear on the  Corporation's  stock  transfer  books,  of the
shareholder proposing business,  (ii) the class and number of shares of stock of
the Corporation  beneficially owned by such shareholder,  (iii) a representation
that such  shareholder  is a shareholder  of record at the time of the giving of
the notice and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to present
the business  specified in the notice,  (iv) a brief description of the business
desired to be brought  before the meeting,  including  the complete  text of any
resolutions to be presented and the reasons for wanting to conduct such business
and (v) any interest which the shareholder may have in such business.

     The  Secretary  or Assistant  Secretary  shall  deliver each  shareholder's
notice that has been timely received to the Chairman for review.


                                       13

<PAGE>

     Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.3, a shareholder
seeking to have a proposal included in the Corporation's  proxy statement for an
annual meeting of shareholders  shall comply with the requirements of Regulation
14A under the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, or
with any successor regulation.

     1.4 Special  Meetings.  Special  meetings of the shareholders may be called
only by the Chairman,  the  President or the Board of  Directors.  Only business
within the purpose or purposes  described in the notice for a special meeting of
shareholders may be conducted at the meeting.

     1.5 Record Dates.  The Board of Directors  shall fix, in advance,  a record
date to make a determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at
any meeting of shareholders or to receive any dividend or for any purpose,  such
date to be not more  than 70 days  before  the  meeting  or action  requiring  a
determination of shareholders.

     When a determination  of  shareholders  entitled to notice of or to vote at
any meeting of shareholders has been made, such determination shall be effective
for any  adjournment  of the meeting  unless the Board of Directors  fixes a new
record  date,  which it shall do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than
120 days after the date fixed for the original meeting.

     1.6 Notice of Meetings.  Written notice stating the place,  day and hour of
each meeting of shareholders and, in the case of a special meeting,  the purpose
or  purposes  for which the  meeting is called,  shall be given by mail not less
than 10 nor more than 60 days  before  the date of the  meeting  (except  when a
different  time is required in these  Bylaws or by law) to each  shareholder  of
record  entitled  to vote at such  meeting.  Such  notice  shall be deemed to be
effective when deposited in first class United States mail with postage  thereon
prepaid and addressed to the  shareholder at his or her address as it appears on
the share transfer books of the Corporation.

     Notice  of a  shareholder's  meeting  to act on  (i)  an  amendment  of the
Articles of  Incorporation,  (ii) a plan of merger or share exchange,  (iii) the
sale,  lease,  exchange or other  disposition  of all or  substantially  all the
property of the  Corporation  otherwise  than in the usual and regular course of
business or (iv) the  dissolution  of the  Corporation,  shall be given,  in the
manner provided above, not less than 25 nor more than 60 days before the date of
the  meeting.  Any notice given  pursuant to this  section  shall state that the
purpose,  or one of the purposes,  of the meeting is to consider such action and
shall be accompanied by (x) a copy of the proposed amendment, (y) a copy

                                       14
<PAGE>

of the  proposed  plan of  merger  or share  exchange  or (z) a  summary  of the
agreement pursuant to which the proposed transaction will be effected. If only a
summary of the agreement is sent to the shareholders, the Corporation shall also
send a copy of the agreement to any shareholder who requests it.

     If a meeting is adjourned to a different date,  time or place,  notice need
not be given if the new date,  time or place is announced at the meeting  before
adjournment.  However,  if a new record date for an adjourned  meeting is fixed,
notice of the  adjourned  meeting shall be given to  shareholders  as of the new
record date unless a court provides otherwise.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing,  no notice of a meeting of shareholders need
be given to a shareholder  if (i) an annual report and proxy  statements for two
consecutive  annual  meetings  of  shareholders  or (ii) all,  and at least two,
checks in payment of  dividends  or  interest  on  securities  during a 12-month
period,  have been sent by first-class  United States mail, with postage thereon
prepaid, addressed to the shareholder at his or her address as it appears on the
share  transfer  books  of the  Corporation,  and  returned  undeliverable.  The
obligation of the  Corporation to give notice of meetings of shareholders to any
such  shareholder  shall be reinstated  once the  Corporation has received a new
address for such shareholder for entry on its share transfer books.

     1.7 Waiver of Notice;  Attendance at Meeting.  A shareholder  may waive any
notice required by law, the Articles of  Incorporation or these Bylaws before or
after the date and time of the meeting that is the subject of such  notice.  The
waiver shall be in writing, be signed by the shareholder  entitled to the notice
and be delivered to the  Secretary  for  inclusion in the minutes or filing with
the corporate records.

     A  shareholder's  attendance  at a meeting (i) waives  objection to lack of
notice or  defective  notice  of the  meeting  unless  the  shareholder,  at the
beginning of the meeting, objects to holding the meeting or transacting business
at the meeting and (ii) waives objection to consideration of a particular matter
at the  meeting  that is not within the  purpose or  purposes  described  in the
meeting notice unless the shareholder  objects to considering the matter when it
is presented.

     1.8 Quorum and Voting  Requirements.  Unless  otherwise  required by law, a
majority of the votes  entitled to be cast on a matter  constitutes a quorum for
action on that matter. Once a share is represented for any purpose at a meeting,
it is deemed  present for quorum  purposes for the  remainder of the meeting and
for any adjournment of that meeting unless a new record date is

                                       15

<PAGE>

or shall be set for that  adjourned  meeting.  If a quorum  exists,  action on a
matter,  other than the  election  of  directors,  is approved if the votes cast
favoring the action  exceed the votes cast  opposing the action unless a greater
number of affirmative votes is required by law.  Directors shall be elected by a
plurality of the votes cast by the shares  entitled to vote in the election at a
meeting at which a quorum is present. Less than a quorum may adjourn a meeting.

     1.9  Proxies.  A  shareholder  may vote his or her  shares  in person or by
proxy.  A  shareholder  may  appoint a proxy to vote or  otherwise  act for such
shareholder by signing an appointment  form,  either personally or by his or her
attorney-in-fact.  An  appointment  of a proxy is effective when received by the
Secretary or other officer or agent  authorized  to tabulate  votes and is valid
for eleven  (11)  months  unless a longer  period is  expressly  provided in the
appointment  form.  An  appointment  of a proxy is revocable by the  shareholder
unless the appointment form conspicuously  states that it is irrevocable and the
appointment is coupled with an interest.

     The death or  incapacity  of the  shareholder  appointing  a proxy does not
affect the right of the  Corporation  to accept  the  proxy's  authority  unless
notice of the death or  incapacity is received by the Secretary or other officer
or agent  authorized  to tabulate  votes before the proxy  exercises  his or her
authority under the appointment.  An irrevocable appointment is revoked when the
interest  with which it is coupled is  extinguished.  A transferee  for value of
shares subject to an irrevocable  appointment  may revoke the appointment if the
transferee  did not know of its existence  when the shares were acquired and the
existence of the  irrevocable  appointment  was not noted  conspicuously  on the
certificate  representing the shares or on the information  statement for shares
without  certificates.  Subject  to any  legal  limitations  on the right of the
Corporation  to accept  the vote or other  action of a proxy and to any  express
limitation  on the proxy's  authority  appearing on the face of the  appointment
form, the  Corporation is entitled to accept the proxy's vote or other action as
that of the shareholder making the appointment. Any fiduciary who is entitled to
vote any shares may vote such shares by proxy.

     1.10 Voting List.  The officer or agent having charge of the share transfer
books of the  Corporation  shall make,  at least ten days before each meeting of
shareholders,  a  complete  list of the  shareholders  entitled  to vote at such
meeting or any adjournment thereof, with the address of and the number of shares
held by each. For a period of ten days prior to the meeting,  such list shall be
kept on file at the  registered  office of the  Corporation  or at its principal
office or at the office of its

                                       16
<PAGE>

transfer  agent  or  registrar  and  shall  be  subject  to  inspection  by  any
shareholder  at any time during usual  business  hours.  Such list shall also be
produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject
to the  inspection of any  shareholder  during the whole time of the meeting for
the purpose  thereof.  The original  share  transfer  books shall be prima facie
evidence as to which  shareholders are entitled to examine such list or transfer
books or to vote at any meeting of the shareholders.  The right of a shareholder
to inspect such list prior to the meeting shall be subject to the conditions and
limitations set forth by law. If the  requirements of this section have not been
substantially complied with, the meeting shall, on the demand of any shareholder
in person or by proxy, be adjourned until such  requirements are met. Refusal or
failure to prepare or make available the shareholders'  list does not affect the
validity of action taken at the meeting  prior to the making of any such demand,
but any action  taken by the  shareholders  after the making of any such  demand
shall be invalid and of no effect.

                                   ARTICLE II
                                    DIRECTORS

     2.1 General Powers.  The Corporation  shall have a Board of Directors.  All
corporate  powers  shall be  exercised  by or under the  authority  of,  and the
business and affairs of the  Corporation  managed  under the  direction  of, its
Board of  Directors,  and such officers and agents as the Board of Directors may
elect  to  employ,  subject  to any  limitation  set  forth in the  Articles  of
Incorporation.

     2.2 Number and Term. The number of directors  shall be thirteen (13).  This
number may be  increased  or  decreased  from time to time by amendment to these
Bylaws to the  extent  permitted  by law and by the  Corporation's  Articles  of
Incorporation. Except as provided in Section 2.5, directors shall be elected for
terms  of  three  (3)  years  in  the  manner  set  forth  in  the  Articles  of
Incorporation  and  shall  serve  until the  election  of their  successors.  No
decrease in the number of  directors  shall have the effect of changing the term
of any  incumbent  director.  Unless a  director  resigns  or is  removed by the
majority vote of the shareholders, every director shall hold office for the term
elected or until a successor to such director shall have been elected.

     2.3 Nomination of Directors.  Nominations for the election of directors may
be made by the Board of Directors or by any shareholder  entitled to vote in the

                                       17
<PAGE>

election of directors  generally.  However,  any shareholder entitled to vote in
the  election  of  directors  generally  may  nominate  one or more  persons for
election as directors at a meeting only if written notice of such  shareholder's
intent to make such nomination or nominations has been given, either by personal
delivery or by United  States mail,  postage  prepaid,  to the  Secretary of the
Corporation  not later  than (i) with  respect to an  election  to be held at an
annual meeting of shareholders  120 days in advance of such meeting or (ii) with
respect to a special meeting of shareholders for the election of directors,  the
close of business on the seventh day  following the date on which notice of such
meeting is first given to shareholders.

     Each  such  notice  shall  set  forth:  (a) the  name  and  address  of the
shareholder  who intends to make the  nomination and of the person or persons to
be nominated; (b) a representation that the shareholder is a holder of record of
stock of the Corporation  entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear
in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified
in the notice;  (c) a description of all arrangements or understandings  between
the  shareholder  and each nominee and any other person or persons  (naming such
person or persons)  pursuant to which the  nomination or  nominations  are to be
made by the  shareholder;  (d) such other  information  regarding  each  nominee
proposed  by such  shareholder  as would be  required  to be included in a proxy
statement  filed  pursuant to the proxy  rules of the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission,  had the nominee been nominated, or intended to be nominated, by the
Board of  Directors;  and (e) the consent of each nominee to serve as a director
of the  Corporation if so elected.  The Chairman may refuse to  acknowledge  the
nomination of any person not made in compliance with the foregoing procedure.

     2.4  Election.  Except as provided in Section 2.5, the  directors  shall be
elected  by the  holders  of  the  common  shares  at  each  annual  meeting  of
shareholders or at a special meeting called for such purpose.  Those persons who
receive the greatest number of votes shall be deemed elected even though they do
not  receive a  majority  of the votes  cast.  No  individual  shall be named or
elected as a director without such individual's prior consent.

     2.5 Removal;  Vacancies.  The shareholders may remove one or more directors
with or without  cause.  If a director  is elected by a voting  group,  only the
shareholders  of that voting group may elect to remove the director.  Unless the
Articles of  Incorporation  require a greater vote, a director may be removed if
the number of votes cast to remove the  director  constitutes  a majority of the
votes  entitled to be cast at an election of  directors  of the voting  group or
voting groups by which such  director was elected.  A director may be removed by
the

                                       18
<PAGE>

shareholders  only at a meeting called for the purpose of removing such director
and the meeting  notice must state that the  purpose,  or one of the purposes of
the meeting, is removal of the director.

     A vacancy on the Board of Directors, including a vacancy resulting from the
removal of a director or an increase in the number of  directors,  may be filled
by (i) the  shareholders,  (ii) the Board of Directors or (iii) the  affirmative
vote of a majority of the remaining  directors  though less than a quorum of the
Board of  Directors  and may,  in the case of a  resignation  that  will  become
effective at a specified later date, be filled before the vacancy occurs but the
new  director  may not take  office  until the  vacancy  occurs.  The  foregoing
notwithstanding,  the aggregate number of vacancies  resulting from increases in
the number of  directors  which may be created and filled by action of the Board
of Directors  between annual meetings of  shareholders  shall be limited to two.
Any director elected by the Board of Directors shall serve until the next annual
meeting of shareholders or until the election of a successor to such director.

     2.6  Annual  and  Regular  Meetings.  An  annual  meeting  of the  Board of
Directors,   which  shall  be  considered  a  regular  meeting,  shall  be  held
immediately  following  each annual meeting of  shareholders  for the purpose of
electing  officers  and  carrying on such other  business as may  properly  come
before  the  meeting.  The  Board of  Directors  may also  adopt a  schedule  of
additional meetings which shall be considered regular meetings. Regular meetings
shall  be  held  at such  times  and at  such  places,  within  or  without  the
Commonwealth  of  Virginia,  as the  Chairman,  the  President  or the  Board of
Directors shall designate from time to time. If no place is designated,  regular
meetings shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation.

     2.7 Special  Meetings.  Special  meetings of the Board of Directors  may be
called by the  President,  the Board of  Directors  or any two  Directors of the
Corporation  and  shall be held at such  times  and at such  places,  within  or
without  the  Commonwealth  of  Virginia,  as the person or persons  calling the
meetings  shall  designate.  If no such place is  designated  in the notice of a
meeting, it shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation.

     2.8 Notice of Meetings.  No notice need be given of regular meetings of the
Board of Directors.

     Notices of special  meetings  of the Board of  Directors  shall be given to
each director in person or delivered to his or her residence or business address
(or such other place as the director may have directed in writing) not less than
twenty-four

                                       19
<PAGE>

(24) hours before the meeting by mail, messenger,  telecopy,  telegraph or other
means of written  communication  or by telephoning  such notice to the director.
Any such notice shall set forth the time and place of the meeting.

     2.9 Waiver of  Notice;  Attendance  at  Meeting.  A director  may waive any
notice required by law, the Articles of  Incorporation or these Bylaws before or
after the date and time stated in the notice and such waiver shall be equivalent
to the giving of such notice.  Except as provided in the next  paragraph of this
section, the waiver shall be in writing,  signed by the director entitled to the
notice and filed with the minutes or corporate records.

     A  director's  attendance  at or  participation  in a  meeting  waives  any
required  notice to such  director of the meeting  unless the  director,  at the
beginning  of the  meeting or  promptly  upon  arrival,  objects to holding  the
meeting or transacting  business at the meeting and does not thereafter vote for
or assent to action taken at the meeting.

     2.10 Quorum;  Voting.  A majority of the number of directors fixed in these
Bylaws shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of
the  Board of  Directors.  If a quorum  is  present  when a vote is  taken,  the
affirmative vote of a majority of the directors  present is the act of the Board
of  Directors.  A director who is present at a meeting of the Board of Directors
or a  committee  of the Board of  Directors  when  corporate  action is taken is
deemed to have assented to the action taken unless (i) the director objects,  at
the  beginning  of the  meeting  or  promptly  upon  arrival,  to  holding it or
transacting specified business at the meeting or (ii) the director votes against
or abstains from the action taken.

     2.11  Telephonic  Meetings.  The Board of  Directors  may permit any or all
directors  to  participate  in a regular or special  meeting  by, or conduct the
meeting  through the use of, any means of  communication  by which all directors
participating may simultaneously  hear each other during the meeting. A director
participating  in a meeting  by this  means is deemed to be present in person at
the meeting.

     2.12 Action Without Meeting.  Action required or permitted to be taken at a
meeting of the Board of Directors  may be taken  without a meeting if the action
is taken by all members of the Board.  The action  shall be  evidenced by one or
more written consents  stating the action taken,  signed by each director either
before or after the action is taken and  included  in the  minutes or filed with
the corporate  records.  Action taken under this section shall be effective when
the last director signs the

                                       20
<PAGE>

consent unless the consent  specifies a different  effective date in which event
the action  taken is  effective as of the date  specified  therein  provided the
consent states the date of execution by each director.

     2.13 Compensation. Directors shall not receive a stated salary for
their  services,  but  directors  may be  paid a  fixed  sum  and  expenses  for
attendance  at any regular or special  meeting of the Board of  Directors or any
meeting of any Committee and such other  compensation  as the Board of Directors
shall  determine.  A director may serve or be employed by the Corporation in any
other capacity and receive compensation thereafter.

     2.14 Director  Emeritus.  The Board may appoint to the position of Director
Emeritus  any  retiring  director  who has served not less than three years as a
director of the  Corporation.  Such person so appointed  shall have the title of
"Director  Emeritus"  and shall be entitled to receive  notice of, and to attend
all  meetings of the Board,  but shall not in fact be a  director,  shall not be
entitled to vote,  shall not be counted in determining a quorum of the Board and
shall not have any of the duties or liabilities of a director under law.

     2.15  Chairman  and Vice  Chairman.  The  Chairman of the Board,  if one is
designated by the Board of Directors, shall preside at all meetings of the Board
and of shareholders and perform such other duties as the Board shall assign from
time to time. The Vice Chairman of the Board,  if one is designated by the Board
of  Directors,  shall at the request of or in the absence of the Chairman of the
Board,  preside at meetings of the Board and of shareholders and, when requested
to do so by the Board, shall perform all of the functions of the Chairman of the
Board during the absence or incapacity of the latter.

                                   ARTICLE III
                             COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS

     3.1  Committees.  The Board of Directors may create one or more  committees
and appoint members of the Board of Directors to serve on them. Unless otherwise
provided in these  Bylaws,  each  committee  shall have two or more  members who
serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. The creation of a committee and
appointment  of members  to it shall be  approved  by a  majority  of all of the
directors in office when the action is taken.

     3.2  Authority  of  Committees.  To the  extent  specified  by the Board of
Directors,  each committee may exercise the authority of the Board of Directors,
except that a committee may not (i) approve or recommend to shareholders  action
that is required by

                                       21
<PAGE>

law to be  approved  by  shareholders,  (ii)  fill  vacancies  on the  Board  of
Directors   or  on  any  of  its   committees,   (iii)  amend  the  Articles  of
Incorporation,  (iv) adopt, amend, or repeal these Bylaws, (v) approve a plan of
merger  not  requiring  shareholder  approval,   (vi)  authorize  or  approve  a
distribution,  except according to a general formula or method prescribed by the
Board of  Directors  or (vii)  authorize  or  approve  the  issuance  or sale or
contract for sale of shares,  or determine the designation and relative  rights,
preferences,  and limitations of a class or series of shares; provided, however,
that the Board of Directors  may  authorize a committee,  or a senior  executive
officer of the Corporation,  to do so within limits  specifically  prescribed by
the Board of Directors.

     3.3  Executive  Committee.  The Board of Directors may appoint an Executive
Committee  consisting of not less than two directors  which committee shall have
all of the  authority  of the  Board of  Directors  except  to the  extent  such
authority is limited by the provisions of Section 3.2.

     3.4 Audit  Committee.  The Board of  Directors  shall  appoint each year an
Audit Committee, which shall be composed of at least three members of the Board,
all of whom have no relationship to the Corporation  that may, in the opinion of
the Board of Directors,  interfere with the exercise of their  independence from
management and the Corporation.  In addition, the members of the Committee shall
satisfy the requirements for audit committee  membership imposed by the New York
Stock  Exchange  on  audit   committees  of  listed  public  companies  and  any
eligibility  requirements of the Securities and Exchange  Commission with regard
to companies whose securities are registered  under the Securities  Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.  The Audit Committee shall assist the Board of Directors in
fulfilling its responsibility relating to the corporate accounting and reporting
practices of the Corporation. Subject to the approval of the Board of Directors,
the  Audit  Committee  shall  adopt and from time to time  assess  and  revise a
written  charter  which  will  specify  how the  Committee  will  carry  out its
responsibilities  and such other  matters  as the Board and the Audit  Committee
determine are necessary or desirable.

     3.5  Nominating  and  Structure  Committee.  The Board of  Directors  shall
appoint each year a Nominating and Structure Committee,  which shall be composed
of at least three members of the Board,  a majority of whom shall be independent
directors (as defined in Section 6.1).  The  functions of this  Committee  shall
include the following:

     1.   Review the performance and contributions of existing directors for the
          purpose of  recommending  whether they be  nominated  for a successive
          term.

                                       22
<PAGE>

     2.   Recommend  policies with regard to the size,  composition and function
          of the Board.

     3.   Suggest  persons to fill  vacancies on the Board and maintain files on
          names submitted.

     4.   Assist  the  Chairman  of the  Board in  carrying  out an  orientation
          program for new directors.

     5.   Review and  recommend  to the Board  changes and  improvements  in the
          functioning of the Board.

     6.   Review and recommend compensation levels for non-management directors.

     3.6  Compensation  and Personnel  Committee.  The Board of Directors  shall
appoint  each  year a  Compensation  and  Personnel  Committee,  which  shall be
composed  of at  least  three  members  of the  Board,  all  of  whom  shall  be
independent  directors  (as  defined in Section  6.1),  and which shall have the
following duties:

     1.   Review and  recommend  to the Board  current  management  compensation
          programs  including  salaries,  bonuses  and fringe  benefits  and the
          creation of new officerships.

     2.   Review and report to the Board on the funding and adequacy of existing
          retirement programs, and recommend new programs, if appropriate. (This
          responsibility   does  not   include   investment   policy  and  other
          responsibilities of the Trustees of the Retirement Plan.)

     3.   Award and administer pursuant to existing authority, the Corporation's
          stock  incentive  programs  and review and  recommend  similar  future
          programs, if any.

     4.   Review top management organization, assist the CEO in determining that
          the  Corporation has adequate depth and breadth of management to carry
          out its expansion  programs and to provide for succession in the event
          of retirement or the unanticipated departure of a key executive.

     5.   Review the  Corporation's  programs  for  attracting,  developing  and
          compensating management personnel at lower and middle levels.

     3.7 Committee Meetings; Miscellaneous. The provisions of these Bylaws which
govern  meetings,  action  without  meetings,  notice and waiver of notice,  and
quorum  and  voting  requirements  of the  Board  of  Directors  shall  apply to
committees of directors and their members as well.

                                       23
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE IV
                                    OFFICERS

     4.1  Officers.  The officers of the  Corporation  shall be a  President,  a
Secretary,  a Chief  Financial  Officer,  and, in the discretion of the Board of
Directors or the President,  one or more Vice-Presidents and such other officers
as may be  deemed  necessary  or  advisable  to  carry  on the  business  of the
Corporation. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

     4.2 Election;  Term.  Officers  shall be elected by the Board of Directors.
The President may, from time to time,  appoint other officers.  Officers elected
by the Board of Directors shall hold office,  unless sooner  removed,  until the
next annual  meeting of the Board of  Directors  or until their  successors  are
elected.  Officers  appointed by the President shall hold office,  unless sooner
removed,  until their  successors are appointed.  The action of the President in
appointing  officers shall be reported to the next regular  meeting of the Board
of Directors after it is taken.  Any officer may resign at any time upon written
notice to the Board of Directors or the President and such resignation  shall be
effective when notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a later effective
date.

     4.3 Removal of Officers.  The Board of Directors  may remove any officer at
any time,  with or without  cause.  The  President  may  remove  any  officer he
appointed by the President at any time, with or without cause. Such action shall
be reported to the next regular  meeting of the Board of  Directors  after it is
taken.

     4.4 Duties of the  President.  The President  shall be the Chief  Executive
Officer  of  the  Corporation  and a  member  of the  Board  of  Directors.  The
President,  in the absence of the Chairman of the Board and the Vice Chairman of
the  Board,  shall  preside  at all  meetings  of the  Board  of  Directors  and
shareholders,  shall have power to call special meetings of the shareholders and
directors for any purpose;  may hire, appoint and discharge employees and agents
of the  Corporation  and fix  their  compensation;  may  make  and  sign  deeds,
mortgages,  deeds of trust,  notes,  leases,  powers of attorney,  contracts and
agreements  in the name and on behalf of the  Corporation;  shall  have power to
carry  into  effect all  directions  of the Board of  Directors;  and shall have
general supervision of the business of the

                                       24
<PAGE>

Corporation, except as may be limited by the Board of Directors, the Articles of
Incorporation, or these bylaws.

     4.5  Duties  of the Vice  President.  Such  Vice  Presidents,  in the order
designated by the Board of Directors  from time to time,  shall  exercise all of
the  functions of the  President  during the absence or incapacity of the latter
and shall  perform  such other duties as may be assigned to them by the Board of
Directors or the President.

     4.6 Duties of the Secretary. The Secretary shall be the ex-officio clerk of
the Board of  Directors  and shall  give,  or cause to be given,  notices of all
meetings of shareholders and directors, and all other notices required by law or
by these Bylaws.  The Secretary  shall record the proceedings of the meetings of
the  shareholders,  Board of Directors and committees of the Board of Directors,
in books kept for that  purpose and shall keep the seal of the  Corporation  and
attach it to all documents  requiring such impression  unless some other officer
is  designated  to do so by the Board of  Directors.  The  Secretary  shall also
perform  such other  duties as may be assigned by the Board of  Directors or the
President.

     4.7 Duties of the Chief  Financial  Officer.  The Chief  Financial  Officer
shall keep or cause to be kept full and accurate books of account,  and may make
and sign  deeds,  mortgages,  deeds  of  trust,  notes,  leases,  contracts  and
agreements in the name and on behalf of the  Corporation.  Whenever  required by
the Board of Directors  or the  President,  the Chief  Financial  Officer  shall
render a financial statement showing all transactions of the Corporation and the
financial condition of the Corporation.

     4.8 Duties of the Assistant  Secretary.  There may be one or more Assistant
Secretaries who shall exercise all of the functions of the Secretary  during the
absence or  incapacity  of the latter and such other  duties as may be  assigned
from time to time by the Board of Directors or the President.

     4.9 Duties of Other Officers. The other officers of the Corporation,  which
may include  Assistant Vice Presidents,  a Treasurer,  Assistant  Treasurers,  a
Controller or Assistant Controllers,  shall have such authority and perform such
duties  as  shall  be  prescribed  by the  Board  of  Directors  or by  officers
authorized  by the  Board of  Directors  to  appoint  them to  their  respective
offices.  To the extent that such duties are not so stated,  such officers shall
have such  authority  and perform the duties  which  generally  pertain to their
respective  offices,  subject to the  control of the  President  or the Board of
Directors.

                                       25
<PAGE>

     4.10 Voting Securities of Other Corporations.  Unless otherwise provided by
the Board of Directors, each of the President or the Chief Financial Officer, in
the name and on behalf of the Corporation, may appoint from time to time himself
or herself or any other  person (or  persons)  proxy,  attorney or agent for the
Corporation to cast the votes which the Corporation may be entitled to cast as a
shareholder, member or otherwise in any other corporation,  partnership or other
legal entity,  domestic or foreign,  whose stock,  interests or other securities
are held by the  Corporation,  or to  consent  in  writing to any action by such
other entity,  or to exercise any or all other powers of this Corporation as the
holder of the stock, interests or other securities of such other entity. Each of
the President or the Chief Financial  Officer may instruct the person or persons
so  appointed  as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such consent and
may execute or cause to be executed on behalf of the  Corporation  and under its
corporate seal such written proxies, consents,  waivers, or other instruments as
may be deemed necessary or proper.  Each of the President or the Chief Financial
Officer  may attend  any  meeting of the  holders of stock,  interests  or other
securities of any such other entity and vote or exercise any or all other powers
of this Corporation as the holder of the stock,  interest or other securities of
such other entity.

     4.11  Compensation.  The  compensation  of all officers of the  Corporation
shall be fixed by the  Board of  Directors  or the  Compensation  and  Personnel
Committee.

     4.12 Bonds.  The Board of Directors  may require that any or all  officers,
employees  and  agents of the  Corporation  give bond to the  Corporation,  with
sufficient sureties,  conditioned upon the faithful performance of the duties of
their respective offices or positions.

                                    ARTICLE V
                               EVIDENCE OF SHARES

     5.1 Form. Shares of the Corporation shall, when fully paid, be evidenced by
certificates  containing such  information as is required by law and approved by
the Board of Directors.  Alternatively, the Board of Directors may authorize the
issuance of some or all shares  without  certificates.  In such event,  within a
reasonable time after issuance,  the Corporation shall mail to the shareholder a
written  confirmation of its records with respect to such shares  containing the
information  required by law. When issued,  certificates  shall be signed by the
Chairman of the Board, the President or a Vice President

                                       26
<PAGE>

designated by the Board and the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary and may (but
need  not)  be  sealed  with  the  seal  of the  Corporation.  The  seal  of the
Corporation  and  any or all of the  signatures  on a share  certificate  may be
facsimile.  If any officer,  transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose
facsimile  signature has been placed upon a certificate  shall have ceased to be
such officer,  transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it
may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such individual were
such officer, transfer agent or registrar on the date of issue.

     5.2  Transfer.  The  Board of  Directors  may make  rules  and  regulations
concerning the issue,  registration  and transfer of shares and/or  certificates
representing  the shares of the  Corporation.  Transfers of shares and/or of the
certificates  representing  such  shares  shall be made  upon  the  books of the
Corporation by surrender of the certificates  representing  such shares, if any,
accompanied by written  assignments  given by the record owners thereof or their
attorneys-in-fact.

     5.3  Restrictions  on  Transfer.  A lawful  restriction  on the transfer or
registration of transfer of shares is valid and  enforceable  against the holder
or a transferee of the holder if the restriction  complies with the requirements
of law and its  existence  is noted  conspicuously  on the  front or back of any
certificate  representing  the  shares  or has been  otherwise  communicated  in
accordance  with the  requirements of law.  Unless so noted or  communicated,  a
restriction  is not  enforceable  against  a  person  without  knowledge  of the
restriction.

     5.4 Lost or Destroyed Share  Certificates.  The Corporation may issue a new
share  certificate  or a written  confirmation  of its records  with  respect to
shares in the place of any  certificate  theretofore  issued which is alleged to
have been lost or destroyed  and may require the owner of such  certificate,  or
such owner's  legal  representative,  to give the  Corporation  a bond,  with or
without surety, or such other agreement, undertaking or security as the Board of
Directors shall determine is appropriate,  to indemnify the Corporation  against
any  claim  that  may be made  against  it on  account  of the  alleged  loss or
destruction or the issuance of any such new certificate.

     5.5 Registered Shareholders. The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the
holder of record  of any  share or  shares  of stock as the owner  thereof  and,
accordingly,  shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or
interest  in  such  share  or  shares  on the  part  of any  other  person.  The
Corporation shall not be liable for registering any transfer of shares which are
registered in the name of a fiduciary unless done with actual

                                       27
<PAGE>

knowledge of facts which would cause the Corporation's action in registering the
transfer to amount to bad faith.

                                   ARTICLE VI
                            MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

     6.1 Certain  Definitions.  As used in these Bylaws,  the term "independent"
has the following  meaning:  A director is considered to be  independent  if the
individual  has no  relationship  to the  Corporation  that may, in the business
judgment of the Board of  Directors,  interfere  with the exercise of his or her
independence from management and the Corporation.

     6.2 Corporate Seal. The corporate seal of the Corporation shall be circular
and shall have inscribed thereon, within and around the circumference,  the name
of the Corporation. In the center shall be the word "SEAL".

     6.3 Fiscal  Year.  The fiscal  year of the  Corporation  shall begin on the
first day of March of each year and end on the last day of  February in the next
succeeding year.

     6.4 Amendments. The power to alter, amend or repeal the Bylaws or adopt new
bylaws shall be vested in the Board of Directors  unless  otherwise  provided in
the Articles of  Incorporation.  Bylaws adopted by the Board of Directors may be
repealed  or  changed  or new  bylaws  adopted  by  the  shareholders,  and  the
shareholders  may  prescribe  that any bylaw adopted by them may not be altered,
amended or repealed by the Board of Directors.

     6.5 General.  Any matters not specifically covered by these Bylaws shall be
governed by the  applicable  provisions  of the Code of Virginia in force at the
time.

                                       28




                                                                       Exhibit 5

               [Letterhead of McGuire Woods Battle & Boothe LLP]



                                 March 24, 2000

Circuit City Stores, Inc.
9950 Mayland Drive
Richmond, Virginia 23233-1464

                    Circuit City Stores, Inc. (the "Company")

Ladies and Gentlemen:

     You propose to file as soon as possible  with the  Securities  and Exchange
Commission a registration  statement on Form S-8 (the "Registration  Statement")
relating to the 1997 Circuit City Stores,  Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as
amended and restated February 15, 2000 (the "Plan"). The Registration  Statement
covers (i) 1,000,000  shares of Circuit City Stores,  Inc.--CarMax  Group Common
Stock, par value $.50 (the "CarMax Common Stock"),  which have been reserved for
issuance under the Plan and (ii) 1,000,000  Rights to Purchase  Preferred Stock,
Series F, $20.00 par value of the Company  (the  "CarMax  Rights"),  attached in
equal number to the shares of CarMax  Common Stock which may be issued under the
Plan.

     We are of the opinion  that the  1,000,000  shares of CarMax  Common  Stock
which are  authorized  for  issuance  under the Plan,  when  issued  and sold in
accordance with the terms and provisions of the Plan,  will be duly  authorized,
legally issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

     We are also of the opinion that the 1,000,000 CarMax Rights, when issued in
accordance  with the terms and  provisions  of the First  Amended  and  Restated
Rights  Agreement dated February 16, 1999,  between the Company and Norwest Bank
Minnesota,  N.A.,  as  Rights  Agent,  (the  "Rights  Agreement"),  will be duly
authorized and legally issued.

     The opinion set forth in the preceding paragraph concerning the CarMax
Rights is limited to the valid  issuance  of the CarMax  Rights  under the Stock
Corporation Act of the Commonwealth of Virginia. In this connection, we have not
been asked to, and  accordingly do not,  express any opinion herein with respect
to any other aspect of the CarMax Rights, the effect of any equitable principles
or fiduciary  considerations relating to the adoption of the Rights Agreement or
the issuance of CarMax Rights, the  enforceability of any particular  provisions
of the  Rights  Agreement,  or the  provisions  of the  Rights  Agreement  which
discriminate among shareholders or among any classes of shares or shareholders.


                                       29
<PAGE>

     The opinions set forth above are limited to matters of Virginia and federal
law in effect on the date hereof.

     We  consent to the use of this  opinion  as  Exhibit 5 to the  Registration
Statement.

                                         Very truly yours,


                                         /s/ McGuire, Woods, Battle & Boothe LLP



                                       30




                                                                    Exhibit 23.1

                         CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Circuit City Stores, Inc.:

We consent  to the use of our  reports  dated  April 2,  1999,  relating  to the
consolidated  balance sheets of Circuit City Stores, Inc. and subsidiaries as of
February 28, 1999 and 1998 and the related consolidated  statements of earnings,
stockholders'  equity  and  cash  flows  for  each of the  fiscal  years  in the
three-year period ended February 28, 1999, and the related  financial  statement
schedule,  which reports are included,  or  incorporated  by reference  from the
annual  report to  stockholders,  in the February 28, 1999 annual report on Form
10-K of Circuit  City  Stores,  Inc.,  which annual  report is  incorporated  by
reference  in this  Registration  Statement  on Form S-8 of Circuit City Stores,
Inc.

We also consent to the use of our reports  dated April 2, 1999,  relating to the
balance  sheets of the Circuit  City Group as of February  28, 1999 and 1998 and
the related statements of earnings,  group equity and cash flows for each of the
fiscal years in the  three-year  period ended February 28, 1999, and the related
financial  statement  schedule,  which reports are included,  or incorporated by
reference  from the annual  report to  stockholders,  in the  February  28, 1999
annual report on Form 10-K of Circuit City Stores,  Inc., which annual report is
incorporated by reference in this Registration  Statement on Form S-8 of Circuit
City  Stores,  Inc.  Our reports on the Circuit  City Group dated April 2, 1999,
include a qualification  related to the effects of not  consolidating the CarMax
Group with the Circuit City Group as required by generally  accepted  accounting
principles.

We also consent to the use of our reports  dated April 2, 1999,  relating to the
balance  sheets of the CarMax  Group as of  February  28,  1999 and 1998 and the
related statements of operations, group equity (deficit) and cash flows for each
of the fiscal years in the  three-year  period ended  February 28, 1999, and the
related  financial   statement   schedule,   which  reports  are  included,   or
incorporated  by  reference  from the  annual  report  to  stockholders,  in the
February 28, 1999 annual report on Form 10-K of Circuit City Stores, Inc., which
annual report is  incorporated  by reference in this  Registration  Statement on
Form S-8 of Circuit City Stores, Inc.

/s/ KPMG LLP
Richmond, Virginia
March 24, 2000

                                       31





                                                                      Exhibit 24

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

     The  undersigned  hereby  constitutes  and  appoints  Richard  L. Sharp his
attorney-in-fact  to execute on his behalf,  individually and in his capacity as
an officer and director of Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  (the  "Company"),  and to
file  any  documents  referred  to below  relating  to the  registration  of (i)
1,000,000  shares of CarMax  Group  Common  Stock,  and (ii) an equal  number of
rights to purchase  preferred shares,  Series F ("Rights") to be issued pursuant
to the 1997 Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  Employee  Stock Purchase Plan for CarMax
Group  Employees as Amended and  Restated  Effective  February  15,  2000;  such
documents  being:  registration  statements  on Form  S-8 to be  filed  with the
Securities and Exchange  Commission;  such statements with, and/or  applications
to,  the  regulatory  authorities  of any state in the  United  States as may be
necessary to permit such shares to be offered in such states;  any and all other
documents  required  to be  filed  with  respect  thereto  with  any  regulatory
authority; and any and all amendments  (post-effective and pre-effective) to any
of the  foregoing,  with all  exhibits  and  documents  required  to be filed in
connection therewith.

     The undersigned  further grants unto such attorney full power and authority
to perform each and every act  necessary to be done in order to  accomplish  the
foregoing as fully as he himself might do.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF,  the undersigned has executed this power of attorney as
of this 15th day of February, 2000.

                            /s/ Michael T. Chalifoux
                            ----------------------------
                                Michael T. Chalifoux

                                       32


<PAGE>


                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

     The undersigned  hereby  constitutes and appoints  Michael T. Chalifoux his
attorney-in-fact  to execute on his behalf,  individually and in his capacity as
an officer and director of Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  (the  "Company"),  and to
file  any  documents  referred  to below  relating  to the  registration  of (i)
1,000,000  shares of CarMax  Group  Common  Stock,  and (ii) an equal  number of
rights to purchase  preferred shares,  Series F ("Rights") to be issued pursuant
to the 1997 Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  Employee  Stock Purchase Plan for CarMax
Group  Employees as Amended and  Restated  Effective  February  15,  2000;  such
documents  being:  registration  statements  on Form  S-8 to be  filed  with the
Securities and Exchange  Commission;  such statements with, and/or  applications
to,  the  regulatory  authorities  of any state in the  United  States as may be
necessary to permit such shares to be offered in such states;  any and all other
documents  required  to be  filed  with  respect  thereto  with  any  regulatory
authority; and any and all amendments  (post-effective and pre-effective) to any
of the  foregoing,  with all  exhibits  and  documents  required  to be filed in
connection therewith.

     The undersigned  further grants unto such attorney full power and authority
to perform each and every act  necessary to be done in order to  accomplish  the
foregoing as fully as he himself might do.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF,  the undersigned has executed this power of attorney as
of this 15th day of February, 2000.

                                                     /s/ Richard L. Sharp
                                                     ------------------------
                                                     Richard L. Sharp


                                       33

<PAGE>


                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

     The  undersigned  hereby  constitutes  and  appoints  Richard  L. Sharp and
Michael T. Chalifoux,  each acting singly,  his or her  attorneys-in-fact,  with
full  power  to act  without  the  other,  to  execute  on  his  or her  behalf,
individually  and in his or her  capacity as a director of Circuit  City Stores,
Inc. (the  "Company"),  and to file any documents  referred to below relating to
the  registration of (i) 1,000,000  shares of CarMax Group Common Stock and (ii)
an equal number of rights to purchase  preferred shares,  Series F ("Rights") to
be issued pursuant to the 1997 Circuit City Stores, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase
Plan for CarMax Group Employees as Amended and Restated  Effective  February 15,
2000; such documents being: registration statements on Form S-8 to be filed with
the  Securities  and  Exchange   Commission;   such  statements   with,   and/or
applications to, the regulatory authorities of any state in the United States as
may be necessary to permit such shares to be offered in such states; any and all
other  documents  required to be filed with respect  thereto with any regulatory
authority; and any and all amendments  (post-effective and pre-effective) to any
of the  foregoing,  with all  exhibits  and  documents  required  to be filed in
connection therewith.

     The  undersigned  further  grants unto such attorneys and each of them full
power and  authority to perform each and every act necessary to be done in order
to accomplish the foregoing as fully as he himself or she herself might do.

                            [Signatures on next page]


                                       34


<PAGE>

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF,  the undersigned has executed this power of attorney as
of the 15th day of February, 2000.

/s/ Richard N. Cooper                        /s/ Barbara S. Feigin
- ------------------------------               -----------------------------
Richard N. Cooper                            Barbara S. Feigin


/s/ James F. Hardymon                        /s/ Robert S. Jepson, Jr.
- -----------------------------                -----------------------------
James F. Hardymon                            Robert S. Jepson, Jr.


/s/ W. Alan McCollough                       /s/ Hugh G. Robinson
- ------------------------------               -----------------------------
W. Alan McCollough                           Hugh G. Robinson


/s/ Mikael Salovaara                         /s/ John W. Snow
- -----------------------------                -----------------------------
Mikael Salovaara                             John W. Snow


/s/ Edward Villanueva                        /s/ Alan L. Wurtzel
- -----------------------------                -----------------------------
Edward Villanueva                            Alan L. Wurtzel


                                       35





                                                                    Exhibit 99.1


                         1997 CIRCUIT CITY STORES, INC.
                          EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
                           FOR CARMAX GROUP EMPLOYEES
                             AS AMENDED AND RESTATED
                           EFFECTIVE FEBRUARY 15, 2000

     The 1997 Circuit City Stores,  Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan for CarMax
Group Employees as Amended and Restated effective February 15, 2000 (the "CarMax
Plan") provides eligible employees of CarMax,  Inc., a Virginia corporation (the
"Company"), and its Subsidiaries an opportunity to purchase Circuit City Stores,
Inc. -- CarMax  Group  Common  Stock as  designated  in the Amended and Restated
Articles of  Incorporation of Circuit City Stores,  Inc.  ("CarMax Group Stock")
through payroll deductions and to receive a Company match for a portion of their
payroll deductions.

     1.  Definitions.  For the purposes of the CarMax Plan the  following  terms
have the stated definitions. Additional terms are defined in the sections below.

Benefits Department - The employee benefits department at Circuit City.

Broker - A  broker/dealer  meeting  the  requirements  and  selected by the Plan
Administrator as provided in Section 4.

CarMax Group Companies - CarMax, Inc. and its Subsidiaries.

Circuit City - Circuit City Stores, Inc.

Circuit City Group Companies - Circuit City and its Subsidiaries  other than the
CarMax Group Companies.

Circuit City Plan - 1984 Circuit City Stores, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan,
as Amended and Restated  effective March 1, 1999, and as the same may be further
amended from time to time.

Committee - The Compensation  and Personnel  Committee of the Board of Directors
of Circuit City.

Compensation  - All cash  compensation  and  commissions  (estimated  as  deemed
necessary by the Committee)  before any deductions or withholding  and including
overtime and bonuses,  but  exclusive of all amounts paid as  reimbursements  of
expenses  including those paid as part of commissions and those paid in the form
of relocation  bonuses,  housing allowances or other payments in connection with
employee relocations.

Eligible Employees - Employees who meet the requirements set forth in Section 3.

                                       36
<PAGE>

Eligibility  Status - Employment  with the CarMax  Group  Companies as a Regular
Associate  and as  either  (i) a  Full-time  Associate  or  (ii) a  Part-time  I
Associate hired before June 1, 1993. The capitalized terms used in the preceding
sentence  which are not  defined  in the CarMax  Plan  shall  have the  meanings
assigned to them in the Company's Policies and Procedures Manual. Determinations
regarding  the status of an Employee for purposes of the CarMax Plan may be made
from  time to time by the Plan  Administrator,  but  shall in each  instance  be
uniform in nature and applicable to all persons similarly situated.

Employee - Any person who is employed as a common law employee on the  employing
company's United States payroll.  Persons engaged as independent contractors are
not included in the definition of Employee.

Enrollment Date - The dates on which Eligible Employees may begin  participation
in the CarMax Plan. Enrollment Dates occur on the first day of each month.

Participating Employees - Eligible Employees who participate in the CarMax Plan.

Plan  Administrator  - An  Employee of Circuit  City or one of its  Subsidiaries
appointed by the Committee as provided in Section 4.

Subsidiary - Any business entity (including,  but not limited to, a corporation,
partnership,  or limited  liability  company) of which a company (the  "Parent")
directly or indirectly owns one hundred percent (100%) of the voting interest of
the  entity  unless  the  Committee  determines  that the  entity  should not be
considered a Subsidiary for purposes of the CarMax Plan. If the Parent owns less
than one hundred percent (100%) of the voting interest of the entity, the entity
will be  considered  a  Subsidiary  for  purposes of the CarMax Plan only if the
Committee determines that the entity should be so considered.

     2. Amount of Stock  Subject to the CarMax Plan.  The total number of shares
of CarMax  Group  Stock  which may be  purchased  under the CarMax Plan shall be
2,000,000,  subject to  adjustment as provided in Section 15. Such shares may be
newly  issued  shares  that have been  authorized  but not yet  issued or may be
shares purchased for Participating Employees on the open market.

     3. Eligible Employees. All present and future Employees of the CarMax Group
Companies who have been employed by a CarMax Group Company and/or a Circuit City
Group  Company for at least one year are eligible to  participate  in the CarMax
Plan,  except:  (i)  Employees  whose  status is not  within the  definition  of
Eligibility  Status,  (ii)  Employees  who  are  subject  to  Section  16 of the
Securities  Exchange  Act of 1934,  as amended,  with respect to  securities  of
Circuit City,  (iii)  Employees who are officers of CarMax Group  Companies,  or
(iv)  Employees  who have not  reached the age of majority in the state in which
the Employee maintains his or her residence.

                                       37
<PAGE>

     If an Employee has one year of service but is excluded  from  participation
in the CarMax Plan due to the requirements set forth in (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv)
in the preceding paragraph,  the Employee will be eligible to participate in the
CarMax Plan on the first  Enrollment  Date after he or she is no longer excluded
because of such  requirements.  Continuity of service for purposes of the CarMax
Plan is  defined  by the  Rehire/Reinstatement  and  Change of Status  Policy in
effect for Employees of the CarMax Group  Companies at the time the  eligibility
determination is made.

     4. Administration of the CarMax Plan. The CarMax Plan shall be administered
by the Committee.  The Committee  shall have all powers  necessary to administer
the  CarMax  Plan,  including  but not  limited  to the  power to  construe  and
interpret the CarMax Plan's  documents;  to decide all questions  relating to an
Employee's  employment status and eligibility to participate in the CarMax Plan;
to make  adjustments  to the  limitations  on  payroll  deductions  set forth in
Section  6; to  employ  such  other  persons  as are  necessary  for the  proper
administration  of  the  CarMax  Plan;  and to  make  all  other  determinations
necessary or  advisable in  administering  the CarMax  Plan.  Any  construction,
interpretation,  or  application  of the CarMax Plan by the  Committee  shall be
final, conclusive and binding.

     The Committee shall appoint an officer or other Employee of Circuit City or
one of its  Subsidiaries  to  serve  as the  CarMax  Plan  Administrator  ("Plan
Administrator").  The Plan Administrator  shall be authorized to designate other
Employees of Circuit City or its  Subsidiaries  to assist him or her in carrying
out his or her  responsibilities  under the CarMax Plan. The Plan  Administrator
and his or her designees shall be responsible for the general  administration of
the CarMax Plan  including  establishment  of operating  procedures and document
submission deadlines and such other matters as the Committee deems necessary for
the efficient and proper administration of the CarMax Plan.

     The Plan Administrator shall appoint a broker/dealer registered with
the Securities and Exchange Commission and a member of the National  Association
of  Securities  Dealers and the New York Stock  Exchange  ("Broker") in order to
fulfill duties of the Broker set forth herein. The Plan Administrator shall also
have the  authority to replace any Broker he or she has appointed for the CarMax
Plan with another broker/dealer meeting the foregoing requirements.

     5. Participation in the CarMax Plan. An Eligible Employee may commence
or recommence  participation in the CarMax Plan effective on any Enrollment Date
by completing and delivering on a timely basis to the Benefits Department a form
prescribed by the Plan Administrator (the "Enrollment Form").

     An  Employee  seeking to  participate  in the CarMax  Plan must  deliver an
Enrollment Form to the Benefits  Department so that it is received  sufficiently
prior to the Enrollment Date to allow processing by the Benefits Department. The
Plan Administrator may establish a submission deadline for Enrollment Forms. The
Enrollment  Form  shall  authorize   payroll   deductions  from  the  Employee's
Compensation  and  authorize  the Broker to establish an  individual  securities
account for the Employee ("Brokerage Account").

                                       38
<PAGE>

     A Participating  Employee's contributions will begin in the pay period that
includes the Enrollment  Date that the Employee's  enrollment is effective.  The
amount of the Participating  Employee's contribution will be based on his or her
Compensation  for the  entire  pay  period  in which  the first day of the month
occurs, even if part of that pay period is before the first day of the month.

     6.  Payroll  Deductions  and  Limitations.  Payroll  deductions  shall be a
percentage of the Participating  Employee's Compensation for each payroll period
as specified in the Participating Employee's Enrollment Form. Payroll deductions
for  each  payroll  period  shall  not be less  than  2% nor  more  than  10% of
Compensation for such payroll period. Payroll deduction  specifications shall be
made in 1%  increments.  The Plan  Administrator  shall have the power to change
these percentage limitations.

     The maximum amount that may be contributed by each  Participating  Employee
to the CarMax  Plan and the  Circuit  City Plan,  in the  aggregate,  in any one
calendar  year is $7,500.  When a  Participating  Employee's  aggregate  payroll
deductions  for the calendar year total  $7,500,  the  Participating  Employee's
purchases  of CarMax  Group Stock and payroll  deductions  under the CarMax Plan
shall  be  suspended  for the  remainder  of the  calendar  year.  However,  the
Participating  Employee shall continue to be a participant under the CarMax Plan
unless he or she elects to stop contributions in the manner described in Section
16 or his or her  participation  terminates  under Section 17 and the Employee's
purchases of CarMax Group Stock and payroll  deductions  will be resumed for the
first full  payroll  period of the next  calendar  year.  For  purposes  of this
Section,  "aggregate  payroll  deductions" refers to the cumulative year to date
deductions  made for the  Employee  under the CarMax Plan and the  Circuit  City
Plan.

     7. Changes in Payroll Deductions.  A Participating  Employee may change the
percentage of his or her payroll deductions, subject to the minimum, maximum and
allowed increments set forth in Section 6. To accomplish this, the Participating
Employee must submit to the Benefits  Department a new  Enrollment  Form stating
the new  deduction  percentage.  The change will be effective as of the first of
the next month if the  Enrollment  Form is  received  sufficiently  prior to the
first of the month to allow processing by the Benefits Department. Deadlines for
submission of Enrollment  Forms for the purpose of changing  payroll  deductions
may be established by the Plan Administrator.  A Participating Employee may also
elect to stop making contributions in the manner described in Section 16.

     8. Purchase Price. The purchase price under the CarMax Plan for each
share  of  CarMax  Group  Stock  shall  be (i) the  average  cost of all  shares
purchased  for a  particular  month on the open market  ("Open  Market  Purchase
Price") when the shares are  purchased  on the open market;  or (ii) the closing
price of CarMax Group Stock on the New York Stock  Exchange on the last business
day of the month ("New Issue Purchase Price") when the shares are purchased from
Circuit City.

     9. Method of Purchase.  The shares of CarMax Group Stock shall be purchased
once each month in one of the following manners at Circuit City's discretion:

                                       39
<PAGE>
     (a) Shares  Purchased on the Open Market.  The Company  shall  transmit the
aggregate  payroll  deductions  from the prior month  together  with the related
Company  Contribution  (described  below) and information on each  Participating
Employee's contribution to the Broker promptly after the end of each month. On a
date as soon as  practicable  following  receipt of the funds,  the Broker  will
commence  applying the funds to purchase  CarMax Group Stock on the open market.
As soon as practicable  after completing the purchase of the shares,  the Broker
shall credit the Brokerage Account for each Participating  Employee with as many
shares  and  fractional  interests  in  shares as the  Participating  Employee's
contribution and the Company  Contribution will allow,  based on the Open Market
Purchase Price; or

     (b) Shares Purchased Directly from Circuit City. Promptly after the end
of each month, the Company shall transmit the aggregate payroll  deductions from
such month to Circuit City together with the related Company  Contribution,  and
Circuit  City  shall  issue and  forward  to the  Broker the number of shares of
CarMax  Group  Stock that the  Participating  Employees'  contributions  and the
related Company Contribution have purchased at the New Issue Purchase Price. The
Company  shall  also  submit to the  Broker  information  on each  Participating
Employee's contribution.  As soon as practicable following receipt of the shares
and related information,  the Broker shall credit the Brokerage Account for each
Participating  Employee  with his or her  proportionate  interest  in the shares
delivered, based on the New Issue Purchase Price.

     10. Company Match. The Company shall contribute an amount each month
("Company  Contribution")  towards the purchase of shares for the  Participating
Employees.  The Company Contribution is set by the Board of Directors of Circuit
City and is currently 15% of each  Participating  Employee's  contribution.  The
Company  Contribution  shall  be  used  to  purchase  shares  for  Participating
Employees as described in Section 9.

     11. Dividend Reinvestment. Each Brokerage Account shall be established with
the following default dividend policy. Cash dividends, if any, paid with respect
to the CarMax Group Stock held in each  Brokerage  Account under the CarMax Plan
shall  be   automatically   reinvested   in  CarMax  Group  Stock,   unless  the
Participating Employee directs otherwise.  The reinvestment shall be effected by
the Broker on the open market at the Participating Employee's expense as soon as
the Broker  receives the cash dividends.  The Company will not match  reinvested
dividends and will not pay any expenses associated with reinvesting dividends.

     The  Committee  shall  have the right at any time or from time to time upon
written notice to the Broker to change the default dividend  reinvestment policy
for future Brokerage Accounts which are established under the CarMax Plan.

     12. Rights as a Shareholder.  A Participating Employee shall have the right
to vote full shares of CarMax Group Stock held in the  Participating  Employee's
Brokerage Account and the right to receive annual reports,  proxy statements and
other documents sent to shareholders of CarMax Group Stock generally;  provided,
however,  that so long as such shares are held for a  Participating  Employee by
the Broker, if a Participating Employee fails to respond in a timely manner to a
request for  instructions  with  respect to voting,  the Broker  shall take such
action  with  respect  to the  shares  held for the  Participating  Employee  as
permitted by the New York Stock  Exchange  rules.  To the extent that such rules
and applicable law permit, the Broker shall vote shares with respect to which no
specific voting instructions are given in accordance with the recommendations of
the Board of Directors of Circuit City.

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<PAGE>

     By  instructing  the Broker in accordance  with the terms and conditions of
the Brokerage Agreement (defined below), a Participating Employee shall have the
right at any time:

     (a) to obtain a  certificate  for the whole  shares of CarMax  Group  Stock
credited to the Participating Employee's Brokerage Account; or

     (b) to direct that any whole shares of CarMax Group Stock in the  Brokerage
Account be sold, and that the proceeds,  less selling  expenses,  be remitted to
the  Participating  Employee or remain in the Brokerage  Account pending further
instructions.

     13.  Rights  Not  Transferable.  Rights  under  the  CarMax  Plan  are  not
transferable by a Participating Employee.

     14. Joint Accounts. Participating Employees may, to the extent permitted by
the Broker,  establish  Brokerage Accounts as joint accounts with rights therein
as prescribed under applicable state law.

     15.  Certain  Adjustments  in the Case of Stock  Dividends  or Splits.  The
Committee shall make  appropriate  adjustments in the number of shares of CarMax
Group Stock which may be purchased under the CarMax Plan if there are changes in
the CarMax Group Stock by reason of stock dividends, stock splits, reverse stock
splits, recapitalization, merger or consolidation.

     16. Stopping  Contributions.  A Participating  Employee may stop his or her
contributions  by completing the appropriate  section of the Enrollment Form and
delivering the form to the Benefits Department. Payroll Deductions will stop the
pay period  after the  completed  Enrollment  Form is  processed by the Benefits
Department.  In addition,  contributions  will be automatically  stopped for any
Participating  Employee who goes on a leave of absence  without  pay,  effective
when the Employee ceases to be paid by the Company.

     After  contributions  for an Employee  have been  stopped,  the Broker will
leave the Brokerage  Account open and the Employee will be  responsible  for any
account fees.  Shares may be left in the  Brokerage  Account or the Employee may
sell the  shares or  request a  certificate.  If  dividends  are being  paid and
reinvested at the time of  withdrawal,  they will continue to be reinvested  (if
paid) unless the Employee  requests the Broker to pay them in cash. The Employee
may also ask the Broker to close the Brokerage Account.

     An  Employee   for  whom   contributions   have  been   stopped  may  start
contributions  again  pursuant to Section 5 at any time when the  Employee is an
Eligible Employee.

     17.  Termination  of  Participation  in  the  CarMax  Plan.  An  Employee's
participation  in the  CarMax  Plan shall  terminate  upon the  Employee's:  (i)
ceasing to be employed by a CarMax Group Company,  whether by reason of death or
otherwise,  (ii)  ceasing  to meet the  eligibility  requirements  set  forth in
Section   3  or  (iii)   becoming   an   independent   contractor   ("Terminated
Participant").

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<PAGE>

     With respect to each Terminated  Participant:  (i) payroll deductions shall
cease at the next payroll period after the Benefits  Department has received and
processed notification of termination of participation,  (ii) purchases shall be
made through the calendar month in which the last payroll deduction is made, and
(iii) the Brokerage  Account  shall remain open subject to the same  limitations
and conditions set forth in the second paragraph of Section 16.

     An  Employee  who  has  become  a  Terminated  Participant  may  recommence
participation  pursuant  to Section 5 when he or she again  becomes an  Eligible
Employee.

     18. Employees  Transferred  from a Circuit City Group Company.  An Employee
who transfers  from a Circuit City Group Company may  participate  in the CarMax
Plan  as  soon as the  Employee  is an  Eligible  Employee.  If the  transferred
Employee  already has a Brokerage  Account due to  participation  in the Circuit
City Plan (or from prior  participation  in the CarMax Plan), the same Brokerage
Account will be used for new purchases.

     19.  Amendment of the CarMax Plan. The Circuit City Board of Directors may,
at any time, or from time to time, amend the CarMax Plan in any respect.

     20.  Termination  of the CarMax  Plan.  The  CarMax  Plan and all rights of
Employees hereunder shall terminate:

     (a) on the last  business  day of any month  that  Participating  Employees
become  entitled  to purchase a number of shares of CarMax  Group Stock  greater
than the  number  of shares  remaining  unpurchased  out of the total  number of
shares which may be purchased under the CarMax Plan; or

     (b) at any earlier  date at the  discretion  of the  Circuit  City Board of
Directors.

     In the event that the CarMax Plan terminates under circumstances  described
in (a) above, the CarMax Group Stock remaining unpurchased as of the termination
date shall be allocated to  Participating  Employees  for purchase on a pro rata
basis.

     Upon termination of the CarMax Plan,  Brokerage  Accounts shall remain open
subject to the same limitations and conditions set forth in the second paragraph
of Section 16.

     21.  Brokerage  Account.  The  relationship  between  the  Broker  and each
Participating  Employee  shall be governed by a separate  agreement of terms and
conditions  between  them  which  may be set forth in the  Enrollment  Form or a
separate  document  ("Brokerage  Agreement").  In electing to participate in the
CarMax Plan, a Participating Employee shall be deemed to have accepted the terms
of the Brokerage Agreement.

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<PAGE>

     22. Payment of Expenses. The Company shall pay all expenses associated with
purchases under the CarMax Plan,  including brokerage  commissions,  if any. The
Company  will not pay  expenses  for  other  transactions  in the  Participating
Employee's   Brokerage   Account,   including  sales  of  securities,   dividend
reinvestments,  issuance of stock certificates,  purchases of securities outside
the CarMax Plan or expenses  associated  with open Brokerage  Accounts where the
owner is not a Participating Employee.

     23.  Transition  for Current Plan  Participants.  All  Eligible  Employees,
including  Eligible  Employees who participated in the 1997 Circuit City Stores,
Inc.  Employee Stock Purchase Plan for CarMax Group Employees as in effect prior
to March 1, 1999 ("Old Plan") (such  Employees,  "Current  Participants")  shall
follow the participation procedures set forth in Section 5.

     The foregoing notwithstanding,  unless a Current Participant elects to stop
contributions  in the  manner  described  in  Section  16,  his  or her  payroll
deductions  will  continue.  By allowing  payroll  deductions to continue  after
February 28, 1999,  a Current  Participant  will be deemed to have agreed to the
terms and  conditions  of the  Brokerage  Account and to the terms of the CarMax
Plan as amended and restated herein.

     All shares and fractional interest in shares of CarMax Group Stock credited
to each Current Participant's Purchase Account, as defined in the Old Plan, will
be transferred and credited to the Current Participant's Brokerage Account.

     24. Effective Date of the CarMax Plan. The Amended and Restated CarMax Plan
shall be effective as of March 1, 1999.

     25. Notices.  Any notice or instruction to be given the Company shall be in
writing and delivered by hand,  Company  office mail or U.S. mail to the address
below:

                  CarMax, Inc.
                  c/o Secretary, Circuit City Stores, Inc.
                  9950 Mayland Drive
                  Richmond, Virginia  23233

Any signature submitted to the Company by facsimile will have the same force and
effect as an original signature.

     26.  Government and Other  Regulations.  The CarMax Plan, and the rights to
purchase CarMax Group Stock hereunder, and Circuit City's obligation to sell and
deliver CarMax Group Stock hereunder shall be subject to all applicable federal,
state and foreign  laws,  rules and  regulations,  and to such  approvals by any
regulatory  or  government  agency as may,  in the  opinion of  counsel  for the
Company and Circuit City, be required.

     27. Indemnification of Committee. Service on the Committee shall constitute
service as a member of the Board of Directors of Circuit City so that members of
the Committee shall be entitled to indemnification  and reimbursement as members
of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Circuit  City  pursuant  to its  Articles  of
Incorporation and Bylaws.

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