<PAGE>
GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9
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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GIVE THE
FOR THIS TYPE OF SOCIAL SECURITY
ACCOUNT: NUMBER OF --
---------------------------- -------------------------
<C> <S> <C>
1. An individual's account The individual
2. Two or more individuals The actual owner of the
(joint account) account or, if combined
funds, any one of the
individuals (1)
3. Husband and wife The actual owner of the
(joint account) account or, if joint
funds, either person (1)
4. Custodian account of a The minor (2)
minor (Uniform Gift to
Minors Act)
5. Adult and minor The adult or, if the
(joint account) minor is the only
contributor, the
minor (1)
6. Account in the name of The ward, minor or
guardian or committee incompetent person (3)
for a designated ward,
minor or incompetent
person
7. a. The usual revocable The grantor-trustee (1)
savings trust
account (grantor is
also trustee)
b. So-called trust The actual owner (1)
account that is not
a legal or valid
trust under state
law
8. Sole proprietorship The owner (4)
account
<CAPTION>
GIVE THE
EMPLOYER
FOR THIS TYPE OF IDENTIFICATION
ACCOUNT: NUMBER OF --
----------------------------- -------------------------
. 9 A valid trust, estate or Legal entity (Do not
<C> <S> <C>
pension trust furnish the identifying
number of the personal
representative or trustee
unless the legal entity
itself is not designated
in the account
title) (5)
10. Corporate account The corporation
11. Religious, charitable, The organization
educational or other
tax-exempt organization
account
12. Partnership account held The partnership
in the name of the
business
13. Association, club, or The organization
other tax-exempt
organization
14. A broker or registered The broker or nominee
nominee
15. Account with the The public entity
Department of
Agriculture in the name
of a public entity (such
as a state or local
government, school
district or prison) that
receives agriculture
program payments
</TABLE>
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(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.
(2) Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3) Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish such
person's social security number.
(4) Show the name of the owner.
(5) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate or pension trust.
NOTE: IF NO NAME IS CIRCLED WHEN THERE IS MORE THAN ONE NAME, THE NUMBER WILL
BE CONSIDERED TO BE THAT OF THE FIRST NAME LISTED.
<PAGE>
GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9
OBTAINING A NUMBER
If you do not have a taxpayer identification number or do not know your number,
obtain Form SS-5 Application for a Social Security Card or Form SS-4 Application
for Employer Identification Number at the local office of the Social Security
Administration or the Internal Revenue Service and apply for a number.
PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING
Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on ALL payments include the
following:
(1) A corporation.
(2) A financial institution.
(3) An organization exempt from tax under Section 501(a) of the Code, or an
individual retirement plan.
(4) The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
(5) A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or
any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities.
(6) A foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies or
instrumentalities.
(7) An international organization or any of its agencies or
instrumentalities.
(8) A foreign central bank of issue.
(9) A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the U.S.
or a possession of the U.S.
(10) A real estate investment trust.
(11) An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
(12) A common trust fund operated by a bank under Section 584(a).
(13) An exempt charitable remainder trust, or a non-exempt trust described
in Section 4947(a)(1).
Payments of dividends and patronage dividends generally not subject to backup
withholding also include the following:
- Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under Section 1441.
- Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the United
States and which have at least one nonresident partner.
- Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in
money.
- Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
- Payments made to a nominee.
Payments of interest generally not subject to backup withholding include the
following:
- Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals.
NOTE: YOU MAY BE SUBJECT TO BACKUP WITHHOLDING IF THIS INTEREST IS $600 OR MORE
AND IS PAID IN THE COURSE OF THE PAYER'S TRADE OR BUSINESS AND YOU HAVE NOT
PROVIDED YOUR CORRECT TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO THE PAYER.
- Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends under
Section 852).
- Payments described in Section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.
- Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under Section 1451.
- Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
- Payments made to a nominee.
Payments that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to
backup withholding. For details, see Sections 6041, 6041A, 6042, 6044, 6045,
6049, 6050A, and 6050N, and their regulations.
EXEMPT PAYEES DESCRIBED ABOVE SHOULD FILE FORM W-9 TO AVOID POSSIBLE ERRONEOUS
BACKUP WITHHOLDING. FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYOR, FURNISH YOUR TAXPAYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" ON THE FACE OF THE FORM, SIGN AND DATE THE
FORM AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYOR.
PENALTIES
(1) FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. If you fail to furnish
your taxpayer identification number to a requestor, you are subject to a
penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to
reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.
(2) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING. If you make
a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no backup
withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.
(3) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION. Willfully falsify
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties
including fines and/or imprisonment.
PRIVACY ACT NOTICE. -- Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividends,
interest or other payments to furnish their correct taxpayer identification
number to persons who must file information returns with the IRS. The IRS uses
the numbers for identification purposes and to help verify the accuracy of your
tax return. You must provide your taxpayer identification number whether or not
you are required to file a tax return. Payors must generally withhold 31% of
taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not
furnish a taxpayer identification number to a payor. Certain penalties may also
apply.
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE.
