AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JUNE 12, 1998
REGISTRATION NO. 333-47953
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
-----------------------
AMENDMENT NO. 3
TO
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
-----------------------
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
DELAWARE 7375 52-1543845
(State or other jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Classification Code Number) Identification No.)
</TABLE>
-----------------------
7475 Wisconsin Avenue
Bethesda, Maryland 20814
(301) 215-8300
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area
code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
-----------------------
ANDREW C. FLORANCE
President and Chief Executive Officer
Realty Information Group, Inc.
7475 Wisconsin Avenue
Bethesda, Maryland 20814
(301) 215-8300
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code,
of agent for service)
-----------------------
Copies to:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
RICHARD W. CASS, ESQ. ROBERT H. WERBEL, ESQ.
ERIC R. MARKUS, ESQ. GUY N. MOLINARI, ESQ.
Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering Werbel & Carnelutti
2445 M Street, NW A Professional Corporation
Washington, D.C. 20037-1420 711 Fifth Avenue
(202) 663-6000 New York, New York 10022
(212) 832-8300
</TABLE>
-----------------------
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: AS SOON AS
PRACTICABLE AFTER EFFECTIVENESS OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT.
-----------------------
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on
a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933 other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, check the following box.[ ]
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering.[ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering.[ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering.[ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box.[ ]
-----------------------
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or
dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall
file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration
Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of
the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.
================================================================================
<PAGE>
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JUNE 12, 1998
PROSPECTUS
2,500,000 SHARES
[REALTY INFORMATION GROUP LOGO]
Common Stock
All of the shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share (the "Common
Stock"), of Realty Information Group, Inc. (the "Company") offered hereby (the
"Offering"), are being offered by the Company.
Prior to this Offering, there has been no public market for the Common
Stock of the Company, and there is no assurance that a market will develop or be
sustained after the Offering. It is currently anticipated that the initial
public offering price will be between $9.00 and $11.00 per share. See
"Underwriting" for a discussion of the factors to be considered in determining
the initial public offering price. The Company has applied to have the Common
Stock quoted on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "RIGX."
-----------------------
THIS OFFERING INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK.
SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 9 OF THIS PROSPECTUS.
-----------------------
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMIS-
SION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS.
ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
================================================================================
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
UNDERWRITING
DISCOUNT AND PROCEEDS TO
PRICE TO PUBLIC COMMISSIONS(1) THE COMPANY(2)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Per Share ......... $ $ $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total(3) .......... $ $ $
</TABLE>
================================================================================
(1) Does not reflect the Company's reimbursement of the out-of-pocket expenses
of Allen & Company Incorporated ("Allen") and Needham & Company, Inc.
("Needham") incurred in connection with the Offering, which are estimated
to be $150,000. The Company has also agreed to indemnify the Underwriters
against certain liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Securities Act"). See "Underwriting."
(2) Before deducting expenses payable by the Company estimated at $1,050,000,
including out of pocket expenses of Allen and Needham. See "Prospectus
Summary -- The Offering" and "Use of Proceeds."
(3) The Company has granted to the Underwriters, for whom Allen and Needham
(together, the "Representatives") are acting as representatives, an option
exercisable within 45 days after the closing date of the Offering to
purchase up to 250,000 additional shares of Common Stock on the same terms
and conditions as set forth above solely to cover over-allotments (the
"Over-Allotment Option"). See "Underwriting." If the Over-Allotment Option
is exercised in full, the total price to the public, Underwriting Discounts
and Commissions and Proceeds to Company will be $ , $ and $ , respectively.
-----------------------
The Common Stock is offered by the Underwriters named herein when, as and
if received and accepted by them, and subject to their right to reject orders in
whole or in part and subject to certain other conditions. The Underwriters
reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify such offer and to reject any
order, in whole or in part. It is expected that delivery of certificates for the
shares will be made at the offices of Allen & Company Incorporated, 711 Fifth
Avenue, New York, New York 10022, on or about , 1998.
-----------------------
ALLEN & COMPANY NEEDHAM & COMPANY, INC.
INCORPORATED
The date of this Prospectus is , 1998
Information contained in this preliminary prospectus is subject to completion or
amendment. A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These securities may not be sold
nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time that a final prospectus is
delivered. This preliminary prospectus shall not constitute an offer to sell or
the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these
securities in any State in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be
unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any
such State.
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Graphics: Computer screen images of Company products and Company logo.
Text: A leading provider of commercial real estate information to:
Brokers [types listed]; Owners and Investors
[types listed]; Service Providers
[types listed]; the Public Sector
[types listed].
Graphics: (1) United States map showing markets currently covered by the
Database and planned expansion.
(2) Graph depicting growth of Database coverage from 1994 through
1997.
Text: Three Years of Rolling Out the Most Comprehensive Database Covering
the Largest Commercial Real Estate Markets.
Graphic: Schematic diagram depicting data sources for the Company's Database
and icons representing the Company's products.
Text: Growing Family of Complete Information Solutions from RIG's Intensive
Nationwide Research Effort.
</TABLE>
IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING, THE UNDERWRITERS MAY OVER-ALLOT OR EFFECT
TRANSACTIONS THAT STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF THE COMMON STOCK AT
A LEVEL ABOVE THAT WHICH MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN MARKET. SUCH
TRANSACTIONS MAY BE EFFECTED ON THE NASDAQ NATIONAL MARKET OR OTHERWISE. SUCH
STABILIZING, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANY TIME. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF
THESE ACTIVITIES, SEE "UNDERWRITING."
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed
information, historical and pro forma financial statements and risk factors
appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus and should be read only in conjunction
with the entire Prospectus. Unless otherwise specified, the information in this
Prospectus (a) gives effect to the contribution to Realty Information Group,
Inc. (the "Company") of all of the outstanding equity interests in its
predecessors, OLD RIG, Inc. ("RIGINC") and Realty Information Group, L.P.
("RIGLP"), in exchange for the Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of
Company Common Stock for each share of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP, (b) assumes an
initial public offering price of $10.00 per share and (c) assumes that the
Underwriters' Over-Allotment Option is not exercised. See "Transactions in
Connection with the Offering."
THE COMPANY
The Company is a leading provider of comprehensive, building-specific
information to the United States commercial real estate industry and related
industries. The Company has created a proprietary database (the "Database"),
through internal development and strategic acquisitions, that the Company
believes is significantly more comprehensive, accurate, and up-to-date than any
other database of information detailing office and industrial space in the
United States. The Database includes hundreds of data fields providing
substantive information as well as digitized photographs and floor plan images
on individual commercial buildings in the Company's markets. The Database tracks
over 6.9 billion square feet of office and industrial space in more than 122,000
buildings. The Database also contains detailed information on 76,000 tenants and
14,000 buildings for sale and is supported by one of the largest office and
industrial real estate research staffs in the nation. In addition, the Company
has developed a portfolio of multimedia software products with Internet
connectivity that allows clients to access the Database and from which the
Company generates revenue in each of its markets.
The Company is the market leader in providing comprehensive office and
industrial real estate information in 7 of the 10 largest United States
metropolitan areas. After establishing the Database and software products in the
Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, the Company expanded to Baltimore (1992),
and thereafter to New York City (1994), Westchester County, Long Island and
Northern New Jersey (1995), Los Angeles, Orange County and Chicago (1996), and
Philadelphia, San Francisco and Boston (1997). The Company plans to continue its
aggressive geographic expansion in the United States and in select international
markets. In most instances, the leading office and industrial real estate
brokerage firms in a new market have become the Company's clients within six
months of entry. The Company currently generates positive cash flow from
operations in each regional market in which it has operated for at least 18
months.
The Company's clients access the Database using the Company's multimedia
software products. These software products include (i) CoStar, a product
primarily intended for office and industrial real estate professionals which
allows them to use the Database to analyze leasing options, market conditions
and competitive property positions, and to produce multimedia presentations, and
(ii) CrosTrac, a product primarily intended for participants in the office real
estate industry which allows them to identify the most likely tenants to fill
space vacancies, to find tenants needing representation for their space needs,
and for business-to-business marketing. The Company also derives significant
revenue from Interactive Advertising. Interactive Advertising provides clients
with a means of direct access to real estate professionals by allowing placement
of advertisements of properties for lease or sale directly in the Company's
software products and on the Company's web site. The Company is also developing
several new products to allow clients to better utilize the Database, including
specialized reports and CoStar I/S, a software product that will provide
extensive detail on commercial properties offered for sale.
The Company believes that it has a number of competitive advantages
relative to its actual and potential competitors including:
3
<PAGE>
o The significant cost of developing a database that is as comprehensive
or up-to-date as the Database;
o Software products that have, as a result of extensive upgrades, market
reseach and input from clients, become full service solutions to
client needs;
o Being the first to capitalize on the trend to outsource research and
data collection in a manner that would be difficult to duplicate;
o Data, software and methodologies that have become the standard for
clients as well as a reliable third-party data source for the media;
o The ability to expand rapidly and efficiently into new markets at
relatively low cost;
o A unique ability to offer consistent methodology and quality in
multi-market office and industrial real estate information; and
o Long-standing formal and informal relationships with key participants
in the office and industrial real estate market.
According to the Federal Reserve, the inventory of commercial real estate
in the United States has been valued at approximately $3.3 trillion. The Company
estimates that the value of annual transactions for the sale and lease of office
and industrial real estate in the United States was $175 billion in 1997. The
Company believes that the market for office and industrial real estate
information, though undefined today, is vast based on the volume and value of
commercial real estate transactions and the large number of parties involved in
such transactions. To effect these transactions, real estate brokers
representing lessors and tenants, and buyers and sellers, need comprehensive,
accurate and consistent building-specific information to advise their clients.
From its inception, the Company has sought to consolidate research and software
development efforts and spread the costs of such efforts over its client base in
order to deliver more comprehensive, accurate and timely information than any
single client could obtain through its individual efforts.
Real estate brokers currently comprise a significant portion of the
Company's clients and are the most active users of the Database. Other
participants in the commercial real estate industry require and subscribe to
various subsets of the building-specific information found in the Database.
These clients include owners and investors, providers of goods and services to
buildings and tenants, and public service agencies. The Company has over 1,300
clients, including leaders of the commercial real estate industry such as CB
Commercial Real Estate Group, Inc., Grubb & Ellis, Merrill Lynch & Co., Julien
J. Studley, Inc., Jones Lang Wootton USA, and LaSalle Partners, Inc. Many of
these national companies have multi-year, multi-market contracts with the
Company. These multi-market contracts strengthen the Company's position within
the industry and ease the Company's entry into new markets by providing an
initial client base. In many instances, the Company's entry into new markets has
been facilitated by demand from these industry leaders.
The Company's objective is to become the preeminent provider of
building-specific information to the commercial real estate industry and related
industries in the United States and in select international markets. There can
be no assurance that the Company will achieve its objective. The principal
components of the Company's strategy are:
o Maintain and Improve the Database. The Company intends to maintain the
leading position of the Database by expanding its geographic coverage
and depth and by consistently auditing and improving the Company's
model for collecting the underlying data to help ensure it remains
comprehensive and reliable.
o Maintain Technology Leadership. The Company intends to provide ongoing
upgrades of its software products to incorporate advances in
technology and to provide features and advantages to facilitate ease
of use and flexibility for the Company's clients.
4
<PAGE>
o Enter New Markets. The Company plans to continue its aggressive
geographic expansion in the United States and in select international
markets. The Company, independently, or in connection with strategic
acquisitions of local providers, intends to gain an initial foothold
in each new target market with one of the Company's products, and then
over time, introduce all of its products in that target market.
o Increase Market Penetration and Revenue in Established Markets. The
Company will seek to increase revenue from existing clients by
increasing the performance and use of the Company's existing products.
In addition, the Company has not yet introduced all of its products in
all of its markets. Over the next several years, the Company intends
to increase revenue by introducing its full complement of products in
all of its markets.
o Introduce New Products to Satisfy Existing Client Needs and Reach New
Clients. The Company believes the Database contains a wealth of
information that can be packaged to create an array of new products to
satisfy existing client needs and reach new clients. The Company
currently has several new products under development.
The Company was formed in February 1998 by RIGINC and RIGLP to acquire,
directly or indirectly, all of the outstanding equity interests in RIGINC and
RIGLP. RIGINC, which was incorporated and organized initially in the District of
Columbia, operated the Company's business until November 1994 (RIGINC was
reincorporated under the laws of Delaware in 1996). RIGINC was formerly known as
"Realty Information Group, Inc."; in connection with the formation of the
Company and this Offering, RIGINC was renamed "OLD RIG, Inc." RIGLP, a Delaware
limited partnership, was organized by RIGINC in November 1994 to hold and
operate the Company's business. The Company maintains its executive offices at
7475 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. The Company's telephone number
is (301) 215-8300.
----------------
The Company has filed applications in the United States, Canada and the
United Kingdom for the CoStar(Reg. TM) and CrosTrac(Reg. TM) marks. All other
trademarks and trade names referred to in this Prospectus are the property of
their respective owners.
5
<PAGE>
THE OFFERING
Common Stock offered by the
Company....................... 2,500,000 shares
Common Stock to be outstanding
after the Offering............ 8,254,017 shares(1)
Use of Proceeds................ The net proceeds of the Offering will be used
by the Company primarily for geographic and
product expansion (including through
acquisitions) and for repayment of
indebtedness, development of corporate
information systems and for working capital
and general corporate purposes. See "Use of
Proceeds."
Nasdaq National Market Trading
Symbol(2).................... RIGX
- ----------
(1) This does not include (i) up to 250,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of the Over-Allotment Option, (ii) 349,904 shares that will be
reserved for issuance upon the exercise of Company options to be issued in
exchange for currently outstanding options, exercisable at a weighted
average exercise price of $3.63 per share, (iii) 48,480 shares issued in
June 1998, pursuant to the exercise of options, (iv) 45,450 shares that
will be reserved for issuance upon exercise of Company warrants to be issued
in exchange for currently outstanding warrants at an exercise price of 10%
less than the price at which the shares are being offered hereby, and (v)
approximately 350,000 shares that will be reserved for issuance upon the
exercise of options expected to be granted in connection with the Offering.
See "Underwriting," "Management -- Employee Benefit Plans," "Description of
Capital Stock" and "Certain Transactions."
(2) There is currently no market for the Common Stock, and there can be no
assurance that a market for the Common Stock will develop or be sustained
after the Offering. The Company has applied to have the Common Stock quoted
on the Nasdaq National Market. There can be no assurance, however, that such
application for quotation will be approved, or if approved, that listing of
the Common Stock will be maintained. See "Risk Factors -- No Prior Public
Market; Determination of Offering Price; Share Price Volatility."
TRANSACTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFERING
In connection with the Offering, RIGLP and RIGINC will be consolidated with
the Company pursuant to a Contribution Agreement dated March 5, 1998 (the "RIG
Contribution Agreement"). Limited partners of RIGLP (other than RIGINC) and all
of the stockholders of RIGINC will receive 3.03 shares of the Common Stock of
the Company for each limited partnership unit or share of common stock
exchanged. See "Certain Transactions." As a result, the Company will own
(directly or indirectly) all of the capital stock of RIGINC and all of the
equity of RIGLP.
The consolidation contemplated by the RIG Contribution Agreement and the
Offering are an integrated transaction intended to qualify under Section 351 of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Transaction").
6
<PAGE>
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA AND OTHER OPERATING DATA)
The following table sets forth summary financial data of the Company for
the five years ended December 31, 1997 and the three months ended March 31, 1997
and 1998, and certain pro forma financial data for the year ended December 31,
1997 and the three months ended March 31, 1998. The financial data shown below
for 1993 are derived from the unaudited financial statements of RIGINC. The
financial data shown below for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998
are derived from the unaudited financial statements of RIGLP. The Statement of
Operations Data and Balance Sheet Data shown below for 1995, 1996 and 1997 are
derived from the audited financial statements of RIGLP included elsewhere in
this prospectus. The financial data for 1994 is derived from the audited
financial statements of RIGINC which are not included in this prospectus. The
table gives effect to the contribution to the Company of all of the outstanding
equity interests in its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in exchange for the
Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company Common Stock for each share
of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP as if the contribution had been consummated on
January 1, 1993.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRO FORMA
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1997
------------- ----------- ----------- ------------- ------------- -------------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA(1)
Net revenue .................... $ 946 $ 1,420 $ 2,062 $ 4,336 $ 7,900 $ 7,900
Cost of revenue ................ 391 591 931 2,188 3,413 3,413
------- ------- ------- --------- --------- --------
Gross margin ................... 555 829 1,131 2,148 4,487 4,487
Operating expenses ............. 943 990 1,994 4,829 7,786 7,786
------- ------- ------- --------- --------- --------
Loss from operations ........... (388) (161) (863) (2,681) (3,299) (3,299)
Other income (expense), net..... 768 (2) (76) 79 49 33 9
------- ------- ------- --------- --------- --------
Net income (loss) .............. $ 380 $ (237) $ (784) $ (2,632) $ (3,266) $ (3,290)
======= ======= ======= ========= ========= ========
Pro forma net loss per share.... $ (0.57)
========
Pro forma weighted average
shares outstanding(3) ......... 5,754
========
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31,
-------------------
PRO FORMA
1997 1998 MARCH 31, 1998
--------- --------- ---------------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA(1)
Net revenue .................... $1,555 $2,839 $2,839
Cost of revenue ................ 717 904 904
------ ------ ------
Gross margin ................... 838 1,935 1,935
Operating expenses ............. 1,638 2,281 2,281
------ ------ ------
Loss from operations ........... (800) (346) (346)
Other income (expense), net..... 31 (38) 5
------ ------ ------
Net income (loss) .............. $ (769) $ (384) $ (341)
====== ====== ======
Pro forma net loss per share.... $ (.06)
======
Pro forma weighted average
shares outstanding(3) ......... 5,754
======
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
------------- --------- --------- ---------- ----------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA(1)
Cash ............................ $ 58 $ 132 $1,328 $ 3,326 $ 1,069
Working capital (deficit) ....... (126) (332) 1,017 2,248 (1,547)
Total assets .................... 341 790 3,015 7,670 6,581
Total liabilities ............... 854 727 688 2,000 3,664
Stockholders' equity ............ (513) 63 2,327 5,670 2,917
<CAPTION>
PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
AT MARCH 31, 1998 MARCH 31, 1998 AS ADJUSTED(4)
------------------- ---------------- ---------------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA(1)
Cash ............................ $ 866 $ 866 $21,416
Working capital (deficit) ....... (1,909) (1,909) 20,291
Total assets .................... 7,315 7,315 27,864
Total liabilities ............... 4,777 4,777 3,127
Stockholders' equity ............ 2,538 2,538 24,737
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 AT MARCH 31, 1998
-------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OTHER OPERATING DATA(1)
Markets Covered by Data-
base ......................... 2 3 4 9 14 14
Counties Covered by Data-
base ......................... 15 16 42 56 120 120
Number of Clients ............. 59 88 204 542 1,123 1,328
Billions of Square Feet in
Database ..................... 0.9 1.3 2.2 3.3 6.5 6.9
Buildings in Database ......... 9,955 12,775 24,822 43,520 112,335 122,199
Images in Database ............ 5,998 15,459 24,926 47,308 90,545 105,746
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The statement of operations and balance sheet data for 1993 through March
31, 1998 give effect to the contribution to the Company of all of the
outstanding equity interests in its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in
exchange for the Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company
Common Stock for each share of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP as if it had been
consummated on January 1, 1993. Pro forma statement of operations data
reflects the effect on financing charges of the Company as if the Offering
had been consummated at the beginning of each period.
(2) Includes gain from sale of assets amounting to $893,000.
(3) Includes shares of the Company's predecessors converted at a rate of 3.03
shares per share of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP. Stock options and warrants
outstanding have been excluded from the calculation because their effect is
anti-dilutive.
7
<PAGE>
(4) Adjusted to reflect the sale of 2,500,000 shares of Common Stock offered by
the Company and the application of the net proceeds from the Offering.
Additionally, reflects the use of proceeds for the repayment of the RIGLP
line of credit of $1,000,000 and its subordinated debt to RIGINC totaling
$650,000 (which sum was loaned to RIGINC by one of its stockholders). See
"Certain Transactions."
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
As of the effective date of the Registration Statement, the Company will
become subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and, in accordance therewith, will file
reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the "Commission"). The Company intends to furnish its stockholders
with annual reports containing financial statements audited by independent
accountants and other periodic reports as the Company may deem appropriate or as
may be required by law.
8
<PAGE>
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the shares of the Company's Common Stock involves a high
degree of risk. The following factors, in addition to the other information in
this Prospectus, should be carefully considered in evaluating the Company and
its business before purchasing shares of Common Stock. Each of these factors
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations and on the price of the Common Stock.
This Prospectus contains forward-looking statements about business
strategies, market potential, future financial performance and other matters. In
addition, when used in this Prospectus, the words "intends to," "anticipates,"
"expects" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking
statements. Such statements involve many risks and uncertainties that could
cause actual results to differ materially from such statements, including,
without limitation, those risks and uncertainties described, in this Section on
"Risk Factors."
History of Operating Losses and Accumulated Deficit; Expected Losses;
Uncertainty of Future Profitability. By reason of its continuing investment in
expansion and new products, the Company has never recorded an overall operating
profit and had an accumulated deficit of approximately $11.8 million as of March
31, 1998. The Company intends to continue to invest in expansion and, therefore,
to sustain substantial losses for the next several years. The ability of the
Company to achieve overall profitability will largely depend on its ability to
generate revenue from its products and services in excess of its investment in
geographic and product expansion. There can be no assurance that the Company
will be able to generate revenue that is sufficient to achieve profitability, to
maintain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis or to sustain or increase
its revenue growth in future periods.
Uncertainty of Operating Results. The Company's revenue and operating
results may fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors, including: the loss
of clients or revenue due to consolidation in the real estate brokerage and
investment industry; changes in client budgets; investments by the Company in
marketing or other corporate resources; acquisitions of other companies or
assets; the timing of new product introductions and enhancements; sales and
marketing promotional activities; and general economic conditions.
Uncertainties Associated with Planned Market and Product Expansion. The
Company's future success and financial performance will depend in large part on
its ability to enter several additional markets contemporaneously and
successfully, while continuing to develop and market its products and services
in a rapidly evolving information technology environment. To succeed, the
Company believes it will be necessary to further increase its geographic
coverage and broaden its product lines and client mix. These efforts are
expected to impose additional burdens on the Company's research, systems
development, sales and general managerial resources. There can be no assurance
that the Company will be able to manage this growth successfully.
The Company's future success and financial performance also will depend on
its ability to meet the increasingly sophisticated needs of its clients through
the timely development and introduction of new and enhanced versions of its
products and services. Continuing product development efforts have been and are
expected to be required to sustain the Company's growth. Such efforts have
inherent risks. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in
entering new markets or in developing and marketing new or enhanced products and
services, or will not experience significant delays in the introduction of new
products and services. In addition, there can be no assurance that new or
enhanced products or services developed by the Company will meet the
requirements of its prospective clients and achieve market acceptance. See
"Business -- Strategy," "-- Database" and "-- Products and Services."
Dependence on Integrity and Reliability of Software and the Database. The
Company's success is highly dependent on its clients' confidence in the
comprehensiveness, accuracy and reliability of the Database and the software
accessing the Database. Although the Company believes that it takes adequate
precautions to safeguard the completeness and consistency of the data in the
Database, and that the information contained in the Database is generally
current, comprehensive and accurate, the task of establishing and maintaining
9
<PAGE>
such quality during growth is challenging. Similarly, it requires substantial
effort and expense to maintain and improve the software that allows clients to
access the Database. There can be no assurance that the Company can sustain
those efforts. See "Business -- Strategy," "-- Database" and "-- Products and
Services."
Dependence on the Real Estate Industry. The Company's business is dependent
on the real estate industry and related industries that supply goods or services
to, or invest in, the real estate industry. Therefore, changes in the real
estate market may affect demand for the Company's products. The real estate
industry traditionally has been subject to cyclical economic swings, which could
adversely affect the Company's business. Moreover, the real estate industry is
undergoing a period of consolidation, often motivated by a desire to reduce
expenses. Such consolidation could erode the Company's existing client base,
reduce the size of the Company's target market and create enterprises with
sufficiently greater bargaining power to cause price erosion which could affect
the Company's products and services.
Dependence on Key Personnel. The success of the Company and of its business
strategy is dependent in large part on its ability to retain and attract key
management and operating personnel, including its President and Chief Executive
Officer, Andrew C. Florance. Highly skilled technical, sales, managerial and
marketing personnel are in high demand and are often subject to competing
offers. Given its plans to expand rapidly, the Company will have an ongoing need
to increase the number of management and support personnel. The Company employs
a variety of measures to retain and attract key management and operating
personnel, including multi-year employment agreements containing confidentiality
and non-competition agreements, a stock option plan and incentive bonuses for
its key executive officers, and the Company is the beneficiary of a $1 million
key person life insurance policy on Mr. Florance. These measures may not be
sufficient to permit the Company to attract necessary personnel or to offset the
impact of the Company's loss of Mr. Florance or other key employees. See
"Management."
Dependence on Proprietary Rights. The Company has made significant
investments in the Database, software, methodologies, and other technology and
relies on a combination of trade secret and copyright laws, nondisclosure and
other contractual provisions, and technical measures to protect its proprietary
rights in those assets and technologies. There can be no assurance that these
protections will be adequate or that the Company's competitors will not
independently develop methodologies, databases or technologies that are
substantially equivalent or superior to those of the Company. In addition, there
can be no assurance that the legal protections and precautions taken by the
Company will be adequate to prevent infringement or misappropriation of the
Company's proprietary rights and assets. See "Business -- Proprietary Rights."
Risk of Third Party Claims for Infringement. There can be no assurance that
third parties will not bring copyright or trademark infringement claims against
the Company or claim that the Company's use of certain technologies violates a
patent. Because the Company relies on certain technology which is licensed from
third parties, including software integrated with internally-developed software
and used in the Company's products to perform key functions, the Company may be
subject to litigation to defend against claims of infringement of the rights of
others, or to determine the scope and validity of the intellectual property
rights of others. Although the Company does not believe that its products
infringe the proprietary rights of third parties, there can be no assurance that
infringement or invalidity claims (or claims for indemnification resulting from
infringement claims) will not be asserted or prosecuted against the Company or
that any such assertions or prosecutions will not materially adversely affect
the Company's business, operating results or financial condition. Regardless of
the validity or the successful assertion of such claims, defending against such
claims could result in significant costs and diversion of resources with respect
to the defense thereof. In addition, the assertion of such infringement claims
could result in injunctions preventing the Company from distributing certain
products. If any claims or actions are asserted against the Company, the Company
may seek to obtain a license to such intellectual property rights. There can be
no assurance, however, that such a license would be available on reasonable
terms or at all.
Identification and Integration of Acquisitions. The Company intends to
expand its market and product line through acquisitions of complementary
businesses, products, databases, and technologies. The strategy of acquisition
versus internal development may be applied as the Company expands further.
Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including managing the integration of
personnel and products, managing geographically remote units, the diversion of
management's attention from other business
10
<PAGE>
concerns, the inherent risks in entering markets the Company has either limited
or no direct experience in and the potential loss of key employees or clients of
the acquired companies. There can be no assurance that the Company will not
incur unforseen difficulties in connection with integration of any acquisition.
Future acquisitions if pursued and consummated by the Company, could result in
dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of additional debt,
one-time write-offs and the creation of substantial amortization expenses
arising from goodwill or other intangible assets.
Future Additional Capital Requirements; No Assurance Capital Will Be
Available. Since its inception, the Company has financed its operations through
cash provided by operations, the sale of equity and borrowings. If the Company
proves unable to generate sufficient revenue to fund its operations in the
future, the Company may be required to raise additional funds to meet its
capital and operating requirements through public or private financing,
including equity financing. Any additional equity financing may be dilutive to
stockholders, and debt financing, if available, will require payment of interest
and may involve restrictive covenants that could impose limitations on the
operating flexibility of the Company. Adequate funds for the Company's
operations may not be available when needed and, if available, may not be on
terms attractive to the Company. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Liquidity and Capital
Resources."
Technological Change. Outsourcing the collection, storage, management and
dissemination of commercial real estate information from a centralized database
is a recent and evolving development. As a developing market, the requirements
are rapidly evolving to meet changing and increasingly sophisticated client
needs, frequent new product introductions, and new industry standards. In
addition, as the computer and software industries continue to experience rapid
technological change and the Internet continues to grow, the Company must be
able to quickly and successfully adapt its products to allow them to continue to
integrate well with the other computer platforms and software employed by its
clients. There can be no assurance that the Company will avoid difficulties that
could delay or prevent the successful development and introduction of product
enhancements or new products in response to technological changes. See "Business
- -- Products and Services."
Competition. The market for information systems and services in general is
highly competitive and rapidly changing, with the principal competitive factors
including the quality and depth of the underlying databases, the responsiveness
and flexibility of software, the proprietary nature of research methodologies
and databases, the usefulness of the data and reports generated by the software,
compatibility with the client's existing information systems, potential for
product enhancement, price and the effectiveness of sales, client support, and
marketing efforts. While the Company believes its products and services are
differentiated favorably from those offered by competitors providing information
in the office and industrial real estate industry, competitors may develop or
acquire the capacity to narrow or eliminate these differences. Additional
competitors may also enter the market and competition may intensify. The Company
also faces competition from internal information services at individual real
estate brokerage firms, real estate investment institutions and lenders, many of
which have developed their own databases. See "Business -- Competition."
Business Interruption. The Company's operations are dependent upon its
ability to protect the Database, computers, telecommunications equipment,
software systems and facilities against damage from fire, power loss,
telecommunications interruption or failure, natural disaster and other similar
events. In the event the Company experiences an interruption or permanent loss
of one or more of these systems or facilities through casualty, equipment
malfunction or otherwise, the Company's business could be adversely affected.
The Company's core computer servers and networking systems are located in a
climate-controlled, fire and security-protected central location and all data
contained in the Database is subject to offsite backup storage. Such protections
may not, however, adequately protect the Company or compensate the Company for
all losses that it may incur.
Shares Eligible for Future Sale; Registration Rights. Sales of substantial
amounts of Common Stock by any of the initial investors in the public market
after the Offering could adversely affect the prevailing market price for the
Common Stock and could impair the Company's future ability to raise capital
through offerings of its equity securities. In addition to the 2,500,000 shares
offered hereby, a total of
11
<PAGE>
5,802,497 shares held by the directors, officers and other stockholders of the
Company will become available for sale in the public market upon the expiration
of certain agreements entered into between the stockholders and the
Underwriters, subject to the provisions of Rule 144 of the Securities Act. In
addition, the Company intends to file, as soon as practicable, a registration
statement under the Securities Act to register an aggregate of 1,450,000 shares
of Common Stock issued or reserved for issuance under the Company's employee
benefit plans. See "Management," "Shares Eligible for Future Sale" and
"Underwriting."
After the Offering, the holders of approximately 2,509,747 shares of Common
Stock, will be entitled to certain rights to cause the Company to register the
sale of such shares under the Securities Act, beginning six months after the
Offering. Holders with such rights could cause a large number of shares to be
registered and to become freely tradable without restrictions under the
Securities Act. Such sales may have an adverse effect on the market price for
the Common Stock and could impair the Company's ability to raise capital through
an Offering of its equity securities. See "Description of Capital Stock --
Registration Rights."
No Prior Public Market; Determination of Offering Price; Share Price
Volatility. There has been no public market for the Common Stock. There can be
no assurance that an active public market for the Common Stock will develop or
be sustained after the Offering. The initial public offering price will be
determined by negotiations between representatives of the Company and the
Representatives, consistent with the rules of the National Association of
Securities Dealers, of which the Representatives are members, and may not be
indicative of future market prices. See "Underwriting" for information related
to the method of determining the initial public offering price. The trading
price of the Common Stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to
quarter-to-quarter variations in operating results, changes in earnings
estimates by analysts, announcements of technological innovations or new
products by the Company or its competitors, general conditions in the real
estate or software industries, developments or disputes concerning copyrights or
proprietary rights, regulatory developments and economic or other factors. In
addition, in recent years the stock market in general, and the shares of
information and software related companies in particular, have experienced
extreme price fluctuations. This volatility has had a substantial effect on the
market prices of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to
the operating performance of the specific companies. These broad market
fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock. See
"Underwriting."
Potential Influence by Principal Stockholder; Benefits of Offering to
Current Shareholders. Following completion of the Offering, assuming that the
Underwriters' Over-Allotment Option is not exercised, Michael R. Klein, the
Chairman of the Board of the Company, will beneficially own 25.6% of the
outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, Mr. Klein will have the
potential ability to exercise substantial influence over the Company's business
by virtue of his voting power with respect to the election of directors and all
other matters requiring action by stockholders. Such concentration of share
ownership may have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change
in control of the Company. The existing shareholders of the Company will receive
certain benefits from the sale of the Common stock offered hereby. The Offering
may establish a public market for the Common Stock and provide increased
liquidity for the Common Stock they will own after the Offering, subject to
certain limitations. See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale." The existing
shareholders of the Company will have a substantial unrealized gain in the
Common Stock that they will continue to hold after the Offering over the
original cost of the equity interests exchanged for such Common Stock. See
"Dilution." A portion of the net proceeds of the Offering to the Company will be
used to repay approximately $650,000 of indebtedness owed to Mr. Klein. See "Use
of Proceeds" and "Certain Transactions."
Effect of Certain Charter and Bylaw Provisions. The Company's Certificate
of Incorporation and Bylaws contain certain provisions that could discourage
potential takeover attempts and make attempts by the Company's stockholders to
change management more difficult. Such provisions include: (i) the requirement
that the Company's stockholders follow an advance notification procedure for
certain stockholder nominations of candidates for the Board of Directors of the
Company (the "Board") and for new business to be conducted at any meeting of the
stockholders; (ii) certain limits on the ability of stockholders to call special
meetings; and (iii) no stockholder action by written consent. The Certificate of
Incorporation also allows the Board to issue up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred
stock and to fix the
12
<PAGE>
rights, privileges and preferences of those shares without any further vote or
action by the stockholders. The rights of the holders of Common Stock will be
subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any
preferred shares that may be issued by the Company in the future. While the
Company has no present intention to issue any shares of preferred stock, any
such issuance could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third
party to acquire a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the Company. In
addition, the Company is subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203
of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits the Company from
engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a
period of three years after the date on which the person first becomes an
"interested stockholder," unless the business combination is approved in a
prescribed manner. The application of these provisions could have the effect of
delaying or preventing a change of control of the Company, which could adversely
affect the market price of the Company's Common Stock. See "Description of
Capital Stock."
Dilution to New Investors; Absence of Dividends. Purchasers of shares of
Common Stock in the Offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution
of $7.21 per share in pro forma net tangible book value per share. In addition,
purchasers of shares of Common Stock in the Offering will incur additional
dilution to the extent outstanding options and warrants are exercised. See
"Dilution." The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on the Common
Stock and does not anticipate paying any dividends on the Common Stock in the
foreseeable future. See "Dividend Policy."
13
<PAGE>
USE OF PROCEEDS
The gross proceeds to be received by the Company from the sale of 2,500,000
shares of Common Stock in the Offering are estimated to be $25.0 million,
assuming an initial public Offering price of $10.00 per share. Net proceeds
after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other expenses of the
Offering will be approximately $22.2 million ($24.5 million if the
Over-Allotment Option is exercised in full). The Company plans to use those net
proceeds primarily to fund the continued geographic and product expansion of the
Company's business (through acquisitions and internally generated growth) and
increasing its sales and marketing activities. The Company also intends to use
the net proceeds to (i) repay certain indebtedness aggregating $1,650,000
(consisting of (a) a $1.0 million loan from Silicon Valley Bank to RIGLP and
RIGINC, bearing interest at a rate of prime plus two percent, and maturing on
October 5, 1998 (this loan accelerates on, among other things, a transfer of all
of the equity interests in the borrower), and (b) three loans to RIGLP
subordinate to the Silicon Valley Bank loan aggregating $650,000 from RIGINC
(which sum was loaned to RIGINC by Michael R. Klein; see "Certain
Transactions"), bearing interest at a rate of prime plus two percent, and
maturing on December 31, 1998 (or upon the acceleration of the Silicon Valley
Bank loan) (ii) to develop corporate information systems and (iii) to provide
funds for working capital and other general corporate purposes. Although the
Company regularly reviews acquisition proposals involving other businesses,
products or technologies complementary to the Company's business, there are
currently no agreements or negotiations with respect to any acquisitions.
Pending such uses, the Company intends to invest the net proceeds of this
Offering in interest bearing, investment-grade securities.
DIVIDEND POLICY
The Company has never declared nor paid any dividends on its Common Stock,
and does not plan to do so for the foreseeable future. Instead, the Company
intends to invest any earnings in the operations, development and growth of its
business. The holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive ratably such
dividends as are declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally
available therefor. The payment of future dividends on the Common Stock and the
rate of such dividends, if any, will be determined in light of any applicable
contractual restrictions limiting the Company's ability to pay dividends, the
Company's earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors
deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.
14
<PAGE>
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth the capitalization of the Company as of
March 31, 1998: (i) on an actual basis, and (ii) on such pro forma basis as
adjusted to give effect to the sale by the Company of 2,500,000 shares of Common
Stock offered hereby at an initial public offering price of $10.00 per share.
This table should be read in conjunction with the audited Financial Statements
of the Company and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial
statements of the Company included elsewhere in this Prospectus.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF MARCH 31, 1998 (IN THOUSANDS)
-----------------------------------
PRO FORMA(1)(2)
ACTUAL(1) AS ADJUSTED
----------- --------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt ............... $ 1,650 $ --
--------- ---------
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $.01 par value per share authorized,
5,754,017, and 8,254,017 shares issued and outstanding on
an actual, pro forma and as adjusted basis, respectively ......... 58 83
Additional paid-in capital ......................................... 14,289 36,463
Retained deficit ................................................... (11,809) (11,809)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity ....................................... 2,538 24,737
--------- ---------
Total capitalization ............................................ $ 4,188 $ 24,737
========= =========
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Assumes the contribution to the Company of all of the outstanding equity
interests in its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in exchange for the
Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company Common Stock for each
share of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP. Excludes: (i) up to 250,000 shares of
Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Over-Allotment Option; (ii)
349,904 shares that will be reserved for issuance upon the exercise of
Company options to be issued in exchange for outstanding options,
exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $3.63 per share (iii)
48,480 shares issued in June, 1998, pursuant to the exercise of options,
and (iv) 45,450 shares that will be reserved for issuance upon exercise of
Company warrants to be issued in exchange for currently outstanding
warrants at an exercise price of 10% less than the price at which the
shares are being offered hereby. See "Management -- Employee Benefit
Plans," "Description of Capital Stock" and "Certain Transactions." Pro
forma data has been omitted because it is identical to the data shown in
the actual column.
(2) Assumes completion of the Offering.
15
<PAGE>
DILUTION
As of March 31, 1998, after giving pro forma effect to the consolidation of
the Company with its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in exchange for the
Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company Common Stock for each share
of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP, the Company had a pro forma net tangible book value
of approximately $767,000 or $.13 per share of Common Stock. Pro forma net
tangible book value per share represents the amount of the Company's total pro
forma tangible assets, less total pro forma liabilities, divided by the
5,754,017 shares of Common Stock outstanding prior to the Offering. See
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements and "Prospectus
Summary -- Transactions in Connection with the Offering."
Without taking into account any other changes in the pro forma net tangible
book value of the Company after March 31, 1998, other than to give effect to the
sale of 2,500,000 shares offered hereby at the assumed initial offering price of
$10.00 per share and receipt of the net proceeds therefrom and the application
of a portion of the Offering to repay certain outstanding indebtedness as set
forth under "Use of Proceeds," the Company's pro forma net tangible book value,
as adjusted at March 31, 1998 would have been approximately $23.0 million or
$2.79 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible
book value of $2.66 per share to existing stockholders and immediate dilution in
pro forma net tangible book value of $7.21 per share to purchasers of Common
Stock in the Offering, as illustrated in the following table:
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
Initial public offering price per share ................................... $ 10.00
Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 1998 ......... $ .13
Increase per share attributable to new investors ......................... 2.66
-----
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after the Offering .......... 2.79
-------
Pro forma net tangible book value dilution per share to new investors ..... $ 7.21
=======
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth, as of March 31, 1998, the number of shares
of Common Stock issued to existing stockholders of the Company and the total
consideration and the average price per share paid to the Company for such
shares; the number of shares of Common Stock purchased from the Company by new
investors in the Offering and the total consideration paid by them for such
shares; and the percentage of shares purchased from the Company by existing
stockholders and new investors and the percentages of consideration paid to the
Company for such shares by existing stockholders and new investors. The
following table gives pro forma effect to the consolidation of the Company with
its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in exchange for the Company's shares at a
rate of 3.03 shares of Company Common Stock for each share of RIGINC or unit of
RIGLP.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHARES PURCHASED TOTAL CONSIDERATION AVERAGE
----------------------- -------------------------- PRICE
NUMBER PERCENT AMOUNT PERCENT PER SHARE
----------- --------- -------------- --------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Existing stockholders(1) ......... 5,754,017 69.7% $14,347,000 36.5% $ 2.49
New investors .................... 2,500,000 30.3% 25,000,000 63.5% $ 10.00
--------- ----- ----------- -----
Total ........................... 8,254,017 100.0% $39,347,000 100.0% $ 4.77
========= ===== =========== =====
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Does not include: (i) 1,450,000 shares of Common Stock that will be
reserved for issuance under the Realty Information Group, Inc. 1998 Stock
Incentive Plan (the "Stock Option Plan"), which the Company intends to
adopt at or prior to the consummation of the Offering (under which options
for 349,904 shares at a weighted average exercise price of $3.63 per share
will be outstanding) (ii) 48,480 shares issued in June, 1998, pursuant to
the exercise of options, and (iii) 45,450 shares reserved for issuance upon
exercise of currently outstanding warrants at an exercise price of 10% less
than the price at which the shares are being offered hereby. To the extent
such options are exercised, there will be future dilution to investors in
the Offering. See "Management -- Employee Benefit Plans" and "Description
of Capital Stock."
16
<PAGE>
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA AND OTHER OPERATING DATA)
The following table sets forth summary financial data of the Company for
the five years ended December 31, 1997, and the three months ended March 31,
1997 and 1998, and certain pro forma financial data for the year ended December
31, 1997 and the three months ended March 31, 1998. The financial data shown
below for 1993 are derived from the unaudited financial statements of RIGINC.
The financial data shown below for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and
1998 are derived from the unaudited financial statements of RIGLP. The Statement
of Operations Data and Balance Sheet Data shown below for 1995, 1996 and 1997
are derived from the audited financial statements of RIGLP included elsewhere in
this prospectus. The financial data for 1994 is derived from the audited
financial statements of RIGINC are not included in this prospectus. The table
gives effect to the contribution to the Company of all of the outstanding equity
interests in its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in exchange for the Company's
shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company Common Stock for each share of RIGINC
or unit of RIGLP as if the contribution had been consummated on January 1, 1993.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRO FORMA
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1997
------------- ----------- ----------- ------------- ------------- -------------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA(1)
Net revenue .................... $ 946 $ 1,420 $ 2,062 $ 4,336 $ 7,900 $ 7,900
Cost of revenue ................ 391 591 931 2,188 3,413 3,413
------- ------- ------- --------- --------- --------
Gross margin ................... 555 829 1,131 2,148 4,487 4,487
Operating expenses ............. 943 990 1,994 4,829 7,786 7,786
------- ------- ------- --------- --------- --------
Loss from operations ........... (388) (161) (863) (2,681) (3,299) (3,299)
Other income (expense), net..... 768 (2) (76) 79 49 33 9
------- ------- ------- --------- --------- --------
Net income (loss) .............. $ 380 $ (237) $ (784) $ (2,632) $ (3,266) $ (3,290)
======= ======= ======= ========= ========= ========
Pro forma net loss per share.... $ (0.57)
========
Pro forma weighted average
shares outstanding(3) ......... 5,754
========
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31,
-------------------
PRO FORMA
1997 1998 MARCH 31, 1998
--------- --------- ---------------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA(1)
Net revenue .................... $1,555 $2,839 $2,839
Cost of revenue ................ 717 904 904
------ ------ ------
Gross margin ................... 838 1,935 1,935
Operating expenses ............. 1,638 2,281 2,281
------ ------ ------
Loss from operations ........... (800) (346) (346)
Other income (expense), net..... 31 (38) 5
------ ------ ------
Net income (loss) .............. $ (769) $ (384) $ (341)
====== ====== ======
Pro forma net loss per share.... $ (.06)
======
Pro forma weighted average
shares outstanding(3) ......... 5,754
======
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
------------- --------- --------- ---------- ----------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA(1)
Cash ............................ $ 58 $ 132 $1,328 $ 3,326 $ 1,069
Working capital (deficit) ....... (126) (332) 1,017 2,248 (1,547)
Total assets .................... 341 790 3,015 7,670 6,581
Total liabilities ............... 854 727 688 2,000 3,664
Stockholders' equity ............ (513) 63 2,327 5,670 2,917
<CAPTION>
PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
AT MARCH 31, 1998 MARCH 31, 1998 AS ADJUSTED(4)
------------------- ---------------- ---------------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA(1)
Cash ............................ $ 866 $ 866 $21,416
Working capital (deficit) ....... (1,909) (1,909) 20,291
Total assets .................... 7,315 7,315 27,864
Total liabilities ............... 4,777 4,777 3,127
Stockholders' equity ............ 2,538 2,538 24,737
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 AT MARCH 31, 1998
-------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OTHER OPERATING DATA(1)
Markets Covered by Data-
base ......................... 2 3 4 9 14 14
Counties Covered by Data-
base ......................... 15 16 42 56 120 120
Number of Clients ............. 59 88 204 542 1,123 1,328
Billions of Square Feet in
Database ..................... 0.9 1.3 2.2 3.3 6.5 6.9
Buildings in Database ......... 9,955 12,775 24,822 43,520 112,335 122,199
Images in Database ............ 5,998 15,459 24,926 47,308 90,545 105,746
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The statement of operations data and balance sheet data for 1993 through
March 31, 1998 give effect to the contribution to the Company of all of the
outstanding equity interests in its predecessors, RIGINC and RIGLP, in
exchange for the Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company
Common Stock for each share of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP as if it had been
consummated on January 1, 1993. Pro forma statement of operations data
reflects the effect on financing charges of the Company as if the Offering
had been consummated at the beginning of each period.
(2) Includes gain from sale of assets amounting to $893,000.
(3) Includes shares of the Company's predecessors converted at a rate of 3.03
shares per share of RIGINC or unit of RIGLP. Stock options and warrants
outstanding have been excluded from the calculation because their effect is
anti-dilutive.
(4) Adjusted to reflect the sale of 2,500,000 shares of Common Stock offered by
the Company and the application of the net proceeds from the Offering.
Additionally, reflects the use of proceeds for the repayment of the RIGLP
line of credit of $1,000,000 and its subordinated debt to RIGINC totaling
$650,000 (which sum was loaned to RIGINC by one of its stockholders). See
"Certain Transactions."
17
<PAGE>
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements which involve
risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual results could differ materially
from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of
certain factors, including those set forth under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in
this Prospectus. See "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk
Factors." The following discussion also should be read in conjunction with the
Selected Consolidated Financial Data and the historical financial statements and
related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus.
OVERVIEW
The Company is a leading provider of comprehensive, building-specific
information to the United States commercial real estate industry and related
industries. During the period from 1994 through 1997, the Company expanded the
geographical coverage of its products and developed new products. This expansion
included acquisitions made by the Company in 1996 and 1997 in Chicago and San
Francisco, respectively. See "Business -- Overview." The Company currently
generates positive cash flow from operations in each region that has operated
for at least 18 months. Costs associated with the introduction of new products
into these established regions may result in net losses in such regions in the
future. Because of the Company's growth strategy, costs incurred in expanding
into new regions and introducing new products to existing markets have resulted
in substantial overall net losses and negative cash flow from operations. As
each regional operation and each product becomes established, the revenue
produced generally exceeds operating costs and generates profits and cash flow
from operations. Management expects that proceeds from the Offering will be used
primarily to continue the rapid expansion into new regions and the development
and introduction of new products. Therefore, while existing regions are expected
to grow in profitability and provide substantial funding for the business, the
expansion is expected to generate substantial losses and negative cash flow from
overall operations for at least the next two years.
Approximately 95% of the Company's revenue in 1997 was derived from
one-year to three-year contracts that generally renew automatically. Upon
renewal, many of the contract rates increase automatically in accordance with
contract provisions or as a result of renegotiation. The Company currently
experiences CoStar contract renewal rates in excess of 90%. Clients pay contract
fees on an annual, quarterly or monthly basis. The Company recognizes this
revenue on a straight line basis beginning with the installation or renewal date
over the life of the contract. Annual and quarterly advance payments result in
deferred revenue, which substantially reduces the working capital requirements
generated by the growth in the Company's accounts receivable. Approximately 5%
of the Company's revenue in 1997 was derived from the sale of advertising
products.
18
<PAGE>
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF THE COMPANY
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following table sets forth selected consolidated results of operations
of the Company (in thousands of dollars and as a percentage of total revenue)
for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996 1997
-------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue ............................. $2,062 100% $ 4,336 100% $ 7,900 100%
Cost of revenue ..................... 931 45% 2,188 50% 3,413 43%
------ --- -------- --- -------- ---
Gross margin ........................ 1,131 55% 2,148 50% 4,487 57%
Operating expenses
Selling and marketing .............. 566 28% 2,712 63% 4,374 56%
Software development ............... 248 12% 254 6% 395 5%
General and administrative ......... 1,180 57% 1,863 43% 3,017 38%
------ --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total operating expenses ............ 1,994 97% 4,829 112% 7,786 99%
------ --- -------- --- -------- ---
Loss from operations ................ (863) (42%) (2,681) (62%) (3,299) (42%)
Other income (expense) .............. 79 4% 49 1% 33 1%
------ --- -------- --- -------- ---
Net loss ............................ $ (784) (38%) $ (2,632) (61%) $ (3,266) (41%)
====== === ======== === ======== ===
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31,
-----------------------------------------
1997 1998
-------------------- --------------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue ............................. $1,555 100% $2,839 100%
Cost of revenue ..................... 717 46% 904 32%
------ --- ------ ---
Gross margin ........................ 838 54% 1,935 68%
Operating expenses
Selling and marketing .............. 863 55% 1,264 45%
Software development ............... 103 7% 118 4%
General and administrative ......... 672 43% 899 32%
------ --- ------ ---
Total operating expenses ............ 1,638 105% 2,281 81%
------ --- ------ ---
Loss from operations ................ (800) (51%) (346) (13%)
Other income (expense) .............. 31 2% (38) (1%)
------ --- ------ ---
Net loss ............................ $ (769) (49%) $ (384) (14%)
====== === ====== ===
</TABLE>
Comparison of March 31, 1997 and March 31, 1998
Revenue. Revenue increased 83% from $1.6 million for the three months ended
March 31, 1997 to $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 1998. This
increase in revenue resulted principally from growth of CoStar in the
established regions and growth in new regions entered during 1997. Advertising
revenue increased 174% from $69,000 for the three months ended March 31, 1997 to
$189,000 for the three months ended March 31, 1998. This increase reflects the
expansion of the advertising product in the established regions.
Gross margins. Gross margins increased 131% from $838,000 for the three
months ended March 31, 1997 to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31,
1998, improving from 54% to 68% of revenue, respectively. This increase resulted
principally from the expanding revenue and profitability of the established
regions, including Washington, D.C., New York, Los Angeles and Chicago.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses increased
46% from $863,000 for the three months ended March 31, 1997 to $1.3 million for
the three months ended March 31, 1998, but decreased as a percentage of revenue
from 55% to 45%, respectively. Selling and marketing expenses increased as the
company expanded its sales organization into new markets and developed and
introduced new products to its existing client base.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses
increased 34% from $672,000 for the three months ended March 31, 1997 to
$899,000 for the three months ended March 31, 1998, but decreased as a percent
of revenue from 43% to 32%, respectively. General and administrative expenses
increased due to additional personnel required to support an expanding
organization and client base.
Interest and other income (expense). Interest income decreased from $31,000
for the three months ended March 31, 1997 to an expense of $38,000 for the three
months ended March 31, 1998 as a result of borrowing on lines of credit used to
fund the operations of the Company.
Comparison of 1997 and 1996
Revenue. Revenue grew 84% from $4.3 million in 1996 to $7.9 million in
1997. This increase in revenue resulted principally from growth in the Company's
client base in all regions of the country, expansion into new regions, expansion
of product lines into existing regions, and introduction of new products.
Revenue from regions considered established at December 31, 1997 grew from $4.3
million in 1996 to $7.3 million in 1997, an increase of 70%. A portion of this
growth resulted from a full year of operation in the Chicago region in 1997,
which the Company entered on April 1, 1996 through the
19
<PAGE>
acquisition of Chicago Resource, Inc. New regions entered and generating revenue
during 1997 include San Francisco, through the purchase of 99.3% of the capital
stock of NMS, Inc., and Philadelphia, both entered in the first quarter of 1997,
and Boston, entered in the fourth quarter of 1997. Advertising revenue,
generated primarily in established regions, increased 232% from $122,000 in 1996
to $405,000 in 1997, reflecting the initial impact of investments in the
advertising product.
Gross margins. Gross margins increased from $2.1 million in 1996 to $4.5
million in 1997, improving from 50% to 57% of revenue. This increase resulted
principally from the expanding revenue and profitability of established regions,
including Washington, D.C., New York, Los Angeles and Chicago.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses increased
63% from $2.7 million in 1996 to $4.4 million in 1997, but decreased as a
percentage of revenue from 63% in 1996 to 56% in 1997. Selling and marketing
expenses increased as the Company expanded its sales organization into new
markets and the Company invested in the development of the advertising sales
area. Selling expenses declined as a percent of revenue due to sales growth
during the year and the growing renewable contract base.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses
increased 58% from $1.9 million in 1996 to $3.0 million in 1997, but decreased
as a percentage of revenue from 43% in 1996 to 38% in 1997. General and
administrative expenses increased due to new hires required to support the
expanding organization and client base, as well as increases in occupancy and
communication costs. General and administrative expenses decreased as a
percentage of revenue due to the Company's ability to leverage these expenses
over its growing revenue.
Interest and other income. Interest income increased from $30,000 in 1996
to $49,000 in 1997 due to higher average cash balances in 1997 resulting from a
capital investment of $4.8 million in the Company in December 1996.
Comparison of 1996 to 1995
Revenue. Revenue increased 105% from $2.1 million in 1995 to $4.3 million
in 1996. This increase in revenue resulted from rapid growth in the Company's
client base, principally in the New York and Washington regions, which accounted
for $1.2 million or 57% of the total growth, and the Company's expansion to new
regions. New regions entered and generating revenue in 1996 included Chicago and
Los Angeles.
Gross margins. Gross margins increased from $1.1 million in 1995 to $2.1
million in 1996 due to the growth in revenue. However, expansion to new regions
including Los Angeles and Chicago resulted in new operating costs, primarily the
cost of compiling, researching and updating the Company's Database. These costs
reached significant levels for each new region and product in advance of revenue
growth. Gross margins as a percentage of revenue were therefore reduced from 55%
in 1995 to 50% in 1996.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling expenses increased from $566,000 in
1995 to $2.7 million in 1996 as the Company substantially expanded its sales
organization into new regions and enhanced its selling efforts in existing
regions, particularly New York.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses
increased 58% from $1.2 million in 1995 to $1.9 million in 1996. This increase
is due to hiring additional personnel required to support the expanding number
of regions and growing client base.
Interest and other income. Interest income decreased from $71,000 in 1995
to $30,000 in 1996 as a result of lower average cash balances in 1995.
20
<PAGE>
Consolidated Quarterly Results of Operations
The following tables summarize the Company's consolidated results of
operations on a quarterly basis for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997
------------------------------------------------ -----------------------------------------------
MAR. 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 MAR. 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31
----------- ----------- ---------- ------------- ----------- ------------ ---------- -----------
($ IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue .................... $ 725 $ 1,110 $ 1,210 $ 1,291 $ 1,555 $ 1,858 $ 2,074 $ 2,413
Cost of revenue ............ 303 546 647 692 717 937 890 869
------- ------- ------- --------- ------- -------- ------- -------
Gross margin ............... 422 564 563 599 838 921 1,184 1,544
Operating expenses ......... 794 1,196 1,211 1,628 1,638 1,966 1,998 2,184
------- ------- ------- --------- ------- -------- ------- -------
Loss from operations ....... (372) (632) (648) (1,029) (800) ($ 1,045) (814) (640)
Other income (expense) ..... 14 5 4 26 31 17 3 (18)
------- ------- ------- --------- ------- -------- ------- -------
Net loss ................... $ (358) $ (627) $ (644) $ (1,003) $ (769) $ (1,028) $ (811) $ (658)
======= ======= ======= ========= ======= ======== ======= =======
<CAPTION>
1998
----------
MAR. 31
----------
<S> <C>
Revenue .................... $2,839
Cost of revenue ............ 904
------
Gross margin ............... 1,935
Operating expenses ......... 2,281
------
Loss from operations ....... (346)
Other income (expense) ..... (38)
------
Net loss ................... $ (384)
======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
MAR. 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 MAR. 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 MAR. 31
--------- --------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- ---------- --------- ----------
(AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL REVENUE)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue .................... 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Cost of revenue ............ 42% 49% 53% 54% 46% 50% 43% 36% 32%
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Gross margin ............... 58% 51% 47% 46% 54% 50% 57% 64% 68%
Operating expenses ......... 109% 108% 100% 126% 105% 106% 96% 91% 81%
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Loss from operations ....... (51%) (57%) (53%) (80%) (51%) (56%) (39%) (27%) (13%)
Other income (expense) ..... 2% 0% 0% 2% 2% 1% 0% (1%) (1%)
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Net loss ................... (49%) (57%) (53%) (78%) (49%) (55%) (39%) (28%) (14%)
=== === === === === === === === ===
</TABLE>
SUPPLEMENTAL REVENUE AND CONTRIBUTION MARGIN ANALYSIS OF ESTABLISHED REGIONS
Since its inception, the development of the Company's business has required
substantial investments for the expansion of products and establishment of
operating regions, which has resulted in substantial net losses. These
investments continue in certain regions, while other regions have become
profitable. Additionally, existing profitable regions may experience reductions
in profitability as a result of expansions in the scope of product offerings
within the region.
Due to the varying degrees of maturity of the Company's operating regions,
management measures a region's performance in relation to the length of time the
region has been in operation, along with the relative size of the region and its
product offerings. Management believes that financial data for regions that have
been in operation for at least 18 months subsequent to the initial release of
products can provide relevant information as to the performance and
profitability of the Company. Such regions are considered by management to be
established, and generally provide substantial operating cash flows that are
then invested into the development of new regions.
As of March 31, 1998, the Company's operations in the following regions
have been ongoing for more than eighteen months and are considered established:
Washington (includes Baltimore), Chicago, New York (includes Northern New
Jersey, Long Island, Westchester, and Connecticut) and Los Angeles (includes
Orange County). The following table sets forth supplemental quarterly financial
information regarding the regions considered established as of March 31, 1998,
which has been derived from the Company's unaudited interim financial
statements. This information should be read in conjunction with the entire
Prospectus and should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to
other financial measures. This information is not necessarily indicative of the
results to be expected for any of the Company's other regions.
21
<PAGE>
QUARTERLY REVENUE AND CONTRIBUTION MARGIN OF ESTABLISHED REGIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996
------------------------------------------------
MAR. 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31
--------- ------------ ------------ ------------
($ IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Total revenue ................... $ 725 $ 1,109 $ 1,210 $ 1,296
Operating costs(1) .............. 622 1,053 1,140 1,281
------ -------- -------- --------
EBITDA before general and
administrative expenses(2) ..... $ 103 $ 56 $ 70 $ 15
====== ======== ======== ========
Contribution margin(3) .......... 14% 5% 6% 1%
------ -------- -------- --------
<CAPTION>
1997 1998
--------------------------------------------------- -----------
MAR. 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 MAR. 31
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ -----------
($ IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Total revenue ................... $ 1,518 $ 1,712 $ 1,894 $ 2,144 $ 2,390
Operating costs(1) .............. 1,190 1,312 1,329 1,233 1,220
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
EBITDA before general and
administrative expenses(2) ..... $ 328 $ 400 $ 565 $ 911 $ 1,170
======== ======== ======== ======== =======
Contribution margin(3) .......... 22% 23% 30% 42% 49%
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Includes cost of revenues and operating expenses for each established
region.
(2) Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA")
shown here excludes allocation of the Company's general and administrative
expenses. Management believes that EBITDA is an indicator of how
established regions are performing. However, EBITDA should not be
considered as an alternative to net income or loss (as an indicator of
operating performance) or to cash flows generated from operating activities
(as a measure of liquidity) determined in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles.
(3) EBITDA as a percentage of revenues.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
To date, the Company has financed its operations through cash flow from
established regions, the sale of partnership units and the establishment of
credit lines with a bank and with a stockholder of the Company. Additionally,
the Company receives advance payments from clients on a number of contracts,
resulting in the generation of cash as reflected in deferred revenue balances of
$969,000, $903,000, and $1.6 million as of December 31, 1996 and 1997 and March
31, 1998, respectively. Increases in accounts receivable due to sales growth
expand working capital requirements and reliance on credit lines, but are
substantially offset by deferred revenue. As a result of reduced losses and a
significant increase in deferred revenue as of March 31, 1998, cash provided by
operations for the three months ended March 31, 1998 was $22,000. The Company
had a deficit in working capital at March 31, 1998 of $1.9 million, and
continues to experience operating losses and negative cash flow as a result of
its rapid expansion into new regions, while established regions continue to
generate cash flow from operations.
Net cash used in operating activities was $454,000, $1.8 million, and $2.2
million, in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively, as a result of the operating
losses of the Company. Net cash used in investing activities amounted to $1.7
million in 1997, including the acquisition of NMS, Inc. and capitalized product
development, including the cost of building photography, and fixed asset
purchases, consisting principally of computer and office equipment. The Company
currently has no material commitments for capital expenditures. Management
believes that the Company's current resources and commitments for funding are
adequate to support its current operations, and based on its current plans, the
proceeds of the Offering combined with positive cash flow from the Company's
established regions will be sufficient to fund its planned operations and
expansion into new regions and products for at least the next two years.
To date, the Company has generated substantial growth through the
acquisition of other entities. The Company plans include further growth which
may occur through the acquisition of other entities. Acquisitions may vary in
size and could be material to the current operations of the Company. The Company
expects that it will use cash, stock issuances, or other means of funding to
effect such transactions.
To date, the Company has operated as either a Subchapter S corporation or a
limited partnership, and has not been subject to corporate income taxes.
Currently, the Company is a taxable entity. Although the Company has experienced
losses to date, future profitability, to the extent it is not offset by the
benefits of loss carryforwards, would result in income tax liabilities. The
Company does not expect to benefit substantially from tax loss carry forwards
generated prior to its formation.
Management does not believe the impact of inflation has significantly
affected the Company's operations. Management does not anticipate that the Year
2000 will have a significant impact on its information systems or result in a
significant commitment of resources to resolve potential problems associated
with this event.
22
<PAGE>
BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
The Company is a leading provider of comprehensive, building-specific
information to the United States commercial real estate industry and related
industries. The Company has created a proprietary Database, through internal
development and strategic acquisitions, that the Company believes is
significantly more comprehensive, accurate and up-to-date than any other
database of information detailing office and industrial space in the United
States. The Database includes hundreds of data fields providing substantive
information as well as digitized photographs and floor plan images on individual
commercial buildings in the Company's markets. The Database tracks over 6.9
billion square feet of office and industrial space in more than 122,000
buildings. The Database also contains detailed information on 76,000 tenants and
14,000 buildings for sale (with an aggregate asking price in excess of $15.0
billion). In addition, the Company has developed a portfolio of multimedia
software products with Internet connectivity that allows clients to access the
Database and from which the Company generates revenue in each of its markets.
The Company is the market leader in providing comprehensive office and
industrial real estate information in 7 of the 10 largest United States
metropolitan areas. After establishing the Database and software products in the
Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, the Company expanded to Baltimore (1992),
and thereafter to New York City (1994), Westchester County, Long Island and
Northern New Jersey (1995), Los Angeles, Orange County and Chicago (1996), and
Philadelphia, San Francisco and Boston (1997). The Company plans to continue its
aggressive geographic expansion in the United States and in select international
markets. In most instances, the leading office and industrial real estate
brokerage firms in a new market have become the Company's clients within six
months of entry. The Company currently generates positive cash flow from
operations in each regional market in which it has operated for at least 18
months.
The Company's clients access the Database using the Company's multimedia
software products. These software products include (i) CoStar, a product
primarily intended for office and industrial real estate professionals which
allows them to use the Database to analyze leasing options, market conditions
and competitive property positions, and to produce multimedia presentations, and
(ii) CrosTrac, a product primarily intended for participants in the office real
estate industry which allows them to identify the most likely tenants to fill
space vacancies, to find tenants needing representation for their space needs,
and for business-to-business marketing. The Company also derives significant
revenue from Interactive Advertising. Interactive Advertising provides clients
with a means of direct access to real estate professionals by allowing placement
of advertisements of properties for lease or sale, directly in the Company's
software products and on the Company's web site. The Company is also developing
several new products to allow clients to better utilize the Database, including
specialized reports and CoStar I/S, a software product that will provide
extended detail on office and industrial properties offered for sale.
INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
According to the Federal Reserve, the inventory of commercial real estate
in the United States has been valued at approximately $3.3 trillion. The Company
estimates that the value of annual transactions for the sale and lease of office
and industrial real estate in the United States was $175 billion in 1997. The
Company believes that the market for office and industrial real estate
information, though undefined today, is vast based on the volume and value of
commercial real estate transactions and the large number of parties involved in
such transactions. Comprehensive and reliable information is a critical
component of all transactions in the commercial real estate industry. To effect
these transactions, real estate brokers representing lessors and tenants, and
buyers and sellers need comprehensive, accurate and consistent building-specific
information to enable them to advise their clients. A study by an independent
consulting firm commissioned by the Company found that commercial real estate
professionals spend 40% of their work day collecting and analyzing information
on the real estate market. In the United States there are currently an estimated
160,000 commercial real estate firms.
23
<PAGE>
The importance of accurate, property-specific information to a broker's
business translates both into time (as indicated by the consulting firm's study)
and money. Traditionally, large brokerage firms maintained their own research
departments to catalogue buildings, space availabilities, properties for sale,
market statistics, and other building specific information. Smaller brokerage
firms, unable to afford their own research departments, would periodically
research the market in response to client requests. Each firm also spent
significant resources adapting or developing software to analyze the information
it had independently gathered. This fragmented approach resulted in duplication
of effort in the collection and analysis of information, excessive internal
costs, non-standard data with varying degrees of accuracy and comprehensiveness
and, especially for smaller firms, a large information gap. From its inception,
the Company has sought to consolidate research and software development efforts
and spread the costs of such efforts over all its clients in order to deliver
more comprehensive, accurate and timely information than any single client could
obtain through its individual efforts.
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
The Company believes that it has a number of competitive advantages
relative to its actual and potential competitors including:
o Comprehensive Proprietary Database. The Company's Database is the
accumulation of more than ten years of data collection by the Company.
This effort includes both direct data collection by the Company and
the acquisition of various real estate information providers in
various markets who themselves expended significant effort building
their databases. The Database tracks over 6.9 billion square feet of
office and industrial inventory and 76,000 tenants. The Database also
includes photographs of more than 70,000 buildings, believed by the
Company to be the largest library of digitized building photographs in
existence. The Database is supported and maintained by one of the
largest office and industrial real estate listings research staffs in
the nation. Whereas the Company's Database costs are mostly related to
maintaining the accuracy, currency and integrity of the Database and
expanding the Database to cover new markets, the Company believes that
any new competitor would have to make substantial expenditures over a
number of years to develop a database as comprehensive as the
Database.
o Full Service Software and Data Solutions. As the result of numerous
upgrades over the last several years, the Company's software products
have become a high value-added tool for its clients by providing them
with full-service solutions to their needs. Through continuous
feedback from clients and a highly sophisticated software platform,
the Company has improved its software products to service more of its
clients' needs. The Company believes that, because of its size and
experience, it will be able to maintain and upgrade this software at a
lower cost per client compared to its competitors.
o First to Capitalize on Outsourcing Trend. During the 1990s, many of
the Company's clients began outsourcing the collection and assembly of
commercial real estate data. A portion of the Company's Database was
developed with data contributed by clients that had outsourced their
real estate information needs to the Company. In addition, most of the
databases that were contributed to the Company no longer exist, as the
firms that originally built them (and provided them to the Company)
ceased maintaining them when they subscribed to the Company's products
and services. As a result, the Company believes that it would be
difficult for any new competitor to duplicate this process.
o Standardization on Company Products. Many of the Company's clients
have standardized their internal reporting systems on the Company's
proprietary data structures. Users of the Company's software have
invested significant time mastering the Company's products and
understanding its methodologies, so that the Company's clients are
likely reluctant to change information suppliers. In addition, a
growing number of prominent print and other media outlets are
routinely citing the Company as a source for office and industrial
real estate data.
o Resources to Enter Markets Efficiently. The Company's market coverage,
size and experience with geographic expansion allow it to expand
rapidly into new markets at a relatively low cost compared to its
competitors. New market entry is facilitated because, prior to entry,
the Company
24
<PAGE>
already has the Database, software products that use the Database,
established research and data collection procedures, existing
administrative infrastructure, and marketing and sales procedures that
have been successful in other markets.
o Sole National Information Provider. The Company is the only provider
of uniform, up-to-date and comprehensive data in all of the major
markets encompassed by the Database. As a result, the Company has the
unique ability to offer significant multi-market real estate
information for those markets to national clients who find value in
purchasing uniformly-presented data.
o Relationships with Key Clients. As a result of the Company's presence
in the seven regions it currently serves, it has developed
long-standing formal and informal relationships with key participants
in the office and industrial real estate market. The Company is able
to capitalize on these relationships when entering new markets and
when expanding product lines in existing markets.
STRATEGY
Building upon its competitive advantages, the Company's objective is to
become the preeminent provider of building-specific information to the
commercial real estate industry and related industries in the United States and
select international markets. The principal components of the Company's strategy
are:
o Maintain and Improve the Database. Management believes that the
Database is the most comprehensive database of building-specific
office and industrial real estate information available today. The
Company intends to maintain this leading position by continuing to
expand the Database's coverage and by constantly auditing and
improving the Company's model for collecting the data underlying the
Database to ensure it remains comprehensive and reliable.
o Maintain Technology Leadership. The Company intends to provide ongoing
upgrades of its software products to incorporate advances in
technology and to provide features and advantages to facilitate ease
of use and flexibility for the Company's clients.
o Enter New Markets. The Company plans to continue its aggressive
geographic expansion in the United States and select international
markets. The Company, independently, or in connection with strategic
acquisitions of local providers, intends to gain an initial foothold
in each new target market with one of the Company's products, and then
over time, introduce all of its products in that target market. In
order to accomplish this, the Company intends to first expand the
Database to include substantially more comprehensive information on
office and industrial buildings in the target market than any
competitor in that market. The Company believes that favorable
references from reputable clients in established markets will enable
the Company to accelerate the rate at which it can gain market
acceptance in newly entered regions.
o Increase Market Penetration and Revenue in Established Markets. The
Company believes that substantial opportunities exist in its
established markets to both attract new clients and increase its
revenue from existing clients. The Company also seeks to increase
revenue from existing clients by increasing the performance and use of
the Company's existing products. In addition, the Company has not yet
introduced all its products in all of its markets. Over the next
several years, the Company intends to increase revenue by introducing
its full complement of its products in all of its markets.
o Introduce New Products to Satisfy Existing Client Needs and Reach New
Clients. The Company believes its Database contains a wealth of
information that can be packaged to create an array of new products,
several of which are currently under development. Management intends
to sell these new products to satisfy both existing client needs and
attract new clients. The Company also intends to attract new clients
by expanding its Database to cover additional segments of the
commercial real estate industry (such as retail, multi-family and
hotels).
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THE DATABASE
The Company believes that the Database is the largest and most
sophisticated database of office and industrial real estate information
available today. It is the basis for all of the Company's products and services.
This highly complex database is a real-time information system comprised of more
than 100 inter-related tables, containing hundreds of data fields of
information. The data fields tracked include such categories as: location, site
and zoning information; building characteristics; space availabilities; tax
assessments; ownership; sale comparables; mortgage and deed information;
for-sale information; and income and expense histories.
The Database is the result of more than ten years of research by the
Company. It tracks more than 6.9 billion square feet of office and industrial
inventory in more than 122,000 buildings and 1.3 billion square feet of
available space on a floor-by-floor, suite-by-suite level in increments as small
as 100 square feet. The Database archives valuable historical information such
as leasing, occupancy, rental rate and ownership histories. It also contains
detailed information on more than 32,000 commercial real estate companies that
own, lease and manage properties tracked by the Company. In addition, the
Company actively tracks 76,000 tenants and thousands of lease transactions.
The Database also includes 105,000 building photographs, aerial photographs
and floor plans. The Company believes this is the largest library of digitally
stored property photographs in existence. These images were collected over a ten
year period by dozens of staff and contract architectural photographers
nationwide.
DATA COLLECTION
The Company has developed a highly evolved data collection organization,
made up of a unique combination of researchers, management systems, computer and
communications hardware, and software systems.
Research. The Company has over 95 researchers collecting and analyzing
office and industrial real estate information. The Company's research department
updates, on a monthly basis, the majority of the more than 122,000 buildings
tracked, through over 500,000 phone calls a year, e-mails, faxes, field
inspections, news monitoring and direct mail.
The Company puts every new employee through an extensive training program
to maintain a consistent research process. New employees must pass a series of
examinations developed by the Company to ensure their technical proficiency in
office and industrial real estate, as well as in the Company's internal data
collection systems, which are described in greater detail below. The Company's
research department is structured into geographic teams of Research Analysts,
each led by a Research Manager. This team structure creates opportunities for
upward employee mobility and provides the Company with the flexibility to easily
redeploy research resources to cover new markets.
Management and Quality Control Systems. The Company has established both
automated and non-automated controls to manage the data collection process and
to ensure its integrity. Automated measures such as the Contact Management
System (CMS) track every contact with individuals and firms in the Database and
allow researchers to set call-backs for future data updates. There are a large
number of automated data quality tests that check for potential errors including
contiguous space, occupancy date conflicts, available square footage greater
than building area, typical floor greater than land area, and expired leases.
The Company employs regular non-automated quality control measures as well,
monitoring items such as the number of images scanned and photographs taken, to
the number of tenants canvassed by tenant canvassers and the number of news
stories submitted by researchers. The Company performs regular auditing of all
research to check for data accuracy, completeness and quality. Audit methods
include calling the leasing contact on properties recently updated to re-verify
information collected or reviewing commercial real estate periodicals and
newspapers for transactions to determine whether they are reflected in the
Database. Field research is performed to determine if buildings were canvassed
correctly and to determine if any buildings were missed.
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Finally, one of the most important and effective quality control measures
is feedback from the thousands of commercial real estate professionals that use
the Company's data every day. The Company regularly surveys clients regarding
data quality and uses this information to target areas for improvement and to
obtain early warnings about any problem areas.
Computer and Communications Hardware. The Company maintains six Novell
and/or Windows NT servers in support of the Database and a national internal
frame relay network to allow remote researchers real-time access to the
Database. The servers are in a secured, firewall-protected environment. The
Company also maintains redundant drive arrays and stockpiles hardware spare
parts to minimize potential system downtime. The Company stores full data
back-ups off site and is evaluating implementing fully-redundant server capacity
following the Offering.
Software Systems. The Company uses client server software to manage the
Company's internal data collection. In addition, the Company's own systems
software has been developed over ten years and contains over 250,000 lines of
code. This software enables the Company to continuously improve data integrity
and research productivity even as the volume of data tracked has grown
exponentially. The system has four primary functions: collecting
building-specific data, tracking companies and individuals, facilitating the
Company's operations and distributing data.
o Collects Building-Specific Data. Researchers can add or change data
relating to buildings, space available for lease, buildings for sale,
lease and sale comparables, and other historical data. The system goes
well beyond simple data entry. It demands that researchers account for
every square foot of available space they add, delete, or modify in
the Database. It enforces commercial real estate business guidelines
and compels the researcher to record and reconcile available space
adjustments in vacancy and occupancy much like making offsetting
entries in a general ledger. Though the number of data fields on a
specific building has increased dramatically, the system has allowed
average researcher productivity to double over the last five years
through increased automation. The system enforces referential
integrity by ensuring that changes made in one area of the Database
are consistent with all related areas of the Database and utilizes
comprehensive audit trails to allow management to understand how and
why changes were made and by whom. The system is scalable to allow for
continued growth in the size of the Database.
o Tracks Companies and Individuals Associated with Commercial Real
Estate. The system tracks brokerage firms, tenants, owners, property
managers, developers, architects and many others. The system allows
employees to track contact and call histories and set automated and
manual call-backs. This second function of the Company's software
systems is highly integrated with the first. For example, it
transforms available space listing updates into actual tenant and
tenant deal transaction information.
o Facilitates the Company's Operations. The Company's software systems
are utilized by the Company internally in a number of areas including
sales, marketing, customer service, administration and accounting. For
example, a new leasing agent entered in the system by a researcher is
automatically flagged on the sales representative's system as a sales
prospect. Later, this same leasing agent may be identified in a query
by the marketing department as a direct mail target. After that
leasing agent becomes a client, customer service will schedule
installation and manage ongoing data delivery through this same
system. Finally, the accounting department will handle contract
management and accounts receivable communications, all within this
same integrated system.
o Distributes Data. The software system automates packaging and delivery
of subsets of the Database for client use. This is accomplished
through a series of nightly, automated, triggered events. Quality
control reports are generated for management, redundant online backups
are made and database subsets are compressed for more efficient
distribution. Finally, the Database subsets are transported over the
Internet to client systems.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
The Company has developed advanced proprietary software products utilizing
its Database. These products use sophisticated Windows-based programs with
Internet connectivity to access the Company's Database and present information
in a variety of formats.
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CoStar. Introduced in 1991, CoStar is a software product heavily utilized
by commercial real estate brokers and increasingly used by building owners,
investors and lenders and by goods and service providers such as
telecommunications providers, insurance companies and building services vendors.
CoStar allows access to utilize the Database to research leasing options,
analyze market conditions and competitive property positions, keep abreast of
industry news, and produce multimedia client presentations.
The Company's clients use CoStar to find leasing options in office and
industrial buildings. The user can query the Database with any combination of
pertinent criteria, combining any of approximately one hundred CoStar data
fields from categories such building size, location, building characteristics,
space availabilities, ownership, or sales comparables. For example, if a CoStar
user needs to find an office suite of 5,000 square feet in a high quality
building in one of two specific submarkets, the client simply enters these
requirements into CoStar and initiates a query. CoStar then searches through
hundreds of millions of square feet of space in seconds to find all the
available space meeting the search criteria.
The Company's clients also use CoStar to analyze market conditions by
calculating up-to-the-minute vacancy rates, absorption rates, or average rental
rates. This allows clients to gauge supply and demand balance and track market
trends. Clients can also keep abreast of their competitor's market share and how
competitors are positioning their properties. In addition, CoStar has a newswire
feature that keeps clients informed of late breaking commercial real estate news
such as major deals signed, acquisitions, ground breakings and other features.
CoStar allows users to create professional client presentations complete
with high-resolution, digital color photographs and aerials of commercial
buildings in minutes using a desktop computer and color printer. CoStar further
details space availability by providing digital floor-plans indicating
"as-built" conditions or typical floors. The user can select from over 50
customizable reports, presenting space availability, comparable sales, tenant
activity, market statistics, photographs and floor plans. Preliminary space
planning can also be performed on CoStar's floor-plans to help determine
feasibility and use. The user can export and edit reports, photos, and floor
plans in popular software packages like Microsoft Word, Power Point,
WordPerfect, Excel, or Lotus 123. CoStar reports can be edited in Microsoft Word
or WordPerfect for Windows to easily customize and print presentations.
CrosTrac. Introduced in 1996, CrosTrac is a software product that delivers
detailed information profiling the tenants occupying office buildings to a wide
variety of commercial real estate and other clients. Building owners rely upon
the product as do commercial real estate brokers, providers of goods and
services to building tenants, and providers of goods and services to building
owners. These clients use the Database to identify and target the most likely
tenants to lease space, to understand trends and the demand for commercial real
estate, to identify and target the tenants most likely to need representation
for their real estate requirements, and to identify and target the tenants most
likely to buy a particular vendor's goods and services.
Commercial real estate professionals use CrosTrac to identify and target
the tenants most likely to fill their space vacancies. For example, if a client
owns or represents a high quality building in a certain area with an upcoming
vacancy of 5,000 square feet, the client might enter two queries to develop both
a list of prospects for direct mail marketing and a more focused list for
telemarketing. For the first broad list, the client might query for all tenants
with leases expiring within the next year who occupy 3,000 to 7,000 square feet
of space in buildings that are within the same general area as the client's
building. Within seconds, CrosTrac might identify several hundred prospective
tenants from a list of tens of thousands of tenants and enable the client to
print labels for a mailing to these prospects. For the second, more focused
list, the client might use the same query as before, but add a parameter
restricting the list to those firms with SIC classifications typically found in
high quality buildings, such as law firms or investment banking firms. With the
resulting more focused list of dozens of prospective tenants, the client might
use CrosTrac's call tracking features and data collection features to assist
them in telemarketing the list.
The Company's other clients use CrosTrac to identify and target the tenants
most likely to purchase goods and services from the client. For example,
companies are more likely to make significant purchases in connection with a
move. A furniture vendor specializing in selling economy furniture to mid-
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size companies therefore might use CrosTrac to query for all tenants who have,
for ten years or more, occupied 10,000 to 20,000 square feet in mid-quality
buildings and who are moving or who have recently moved into larger spaces.
Within seconds, CrosTrac provides the client with a list of prospective firms
most likely to need new or additional economy furniture. Before the furniture
vendor contacts these prospects, the vendor can learn more about the prospects
by using the web home page addresses of the prospects that are stored in
CrosTrac and CrosTrac's ability to call up those web pages.
Interactive Advertising. In 1997, the Company began to derive significant
revenue from the advertising of office and industrial real estate buildings for
sale or lease on its software products. In the past, few effective vehicles for
targeted marketing of office and industrial properties existed. For owners and
agents representing buildings for lease or sale, reaching potential tenants
directly was not effective because the tenants generally deferred to their
commercial real estate broker to create the short lists of properties for them
to consider. Brokers were difficult to reach with traditional marketing tools
like advertising and direct mail, advertising was hindered because brokers did
not rely on any single information source when researching properties for their
clients, and direct mail also had limited effectiveness because brokers were
deluged with marketing material.
Computerized information systems such as the Company's array of software
products have significantly diminished the Company's clients' reliance on
printed directories and materials. The Company introduced Interactive
Advertising for its CoStar system as well as its web site to take advantage of
this new trend toward electronic delivery and analysis of information. The
Company's clients are made up in large part of commercial real estate
professionals, who are normally the targeted market for advertisers. Since these
professionals generally use the Company's products regularly, advertisers are
realizing an opportunity to market in a more targeted fashion than previously
possible. The multimedia aspects of the Company's products and web site permit
multiple images, text and relevant information about a property for sale or
lease to be delivered instantly to the user.
Each time a user performs a search, looks up a building, views a photograph
or completes another task on one of the Company's products, a new interactive
advertisement appears on a portion of the screen. If interested, the user can
directly access further information on the property from the Company's Database.
Full screen ads contain any combination of information, created and enhanced by
professionally designed graphics. This includes floor plans, maps, photos,
aerials or illustrations. On average, the Company believes an advertisement
appears on one of its software products approximately 20 times per month.
Interactive ads also appear on the Company's web site.
CLIENTS
Real estate brokers currently comprise a significant portion of the
Company's clients and are the most active users of the Database. Other
participants in the commercial real estate industry also require various subsets
of the building-specific information found in the Database. Owners and investors
are a significant and growing portion of the Company's client base and include
institutions, banks, mortgage lenders, REITs, asset managers, investment banks
and securities analysts. Another large and growing type of client is providers
of goods and services to buildings and tenants such as property managers,
developers, construction firms, architects, appraisers, building services
vendors, tenant services vendors, telecommunication providers, office furniture
vendors, space planners, insurance companies, utilities and moving companies.
Public service agencies at the federal state and local level are also among the
Company's clients, such as economic development agencies, the Federal Reserve
and the General Services Administration.
The Company has over 1,300 clients, including leaders of the commercial
real estate industry such as CB Commercial Real Estate Group, Inc., Grubb &
Ellis, Merrill Lynch & Co., Julien J. Studley, Inc. and LaSalle Partners, Inc.
Many of these national companies have multi-year, multi-market contracts with
the Company. These multi-market contracts strengthen the Company's role within
the industry and ease the Company's entry into new markets by providing an
initial client base. In many instances, the Company's entry into new markets has
been facilitated by demand from these leaders of the commercial real estate
industry. No one client accounts for more than 5% of the Company's revenue and
during the past five years, the Company's contract renewal rate has exceeded
90%.
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SALES AND MARKETING
The Company sells its products through its own sales force, which is
located at its Bethesda headquarters and at regional offices in each of the
metropolitan areas in which the Company offers its products. All sales personnel
have experience in the commercial real estate industry, so that they are able to
position and employ the Company's products to create maximum value for each
client's unique situation.
The Company has developed a multi-faceted marketing strategy that takes
full advantage of the Database to effectively target its direct mail,
advertising, trade show and public relations efforts. The Company uses the
Database to identify and target the industry leaders in each of the markets it
enters. The Company then builds upon this initial base through direct mailings,
public relations and print advertising.
The Company is developing sales and marketing methods that achieve
meaningful penetration in a new market within three months of entry. The Company
is creating two specialized teams within its sales organization. The first is
the National Sales Group, which places experienced account executives in new
markets to make the first introductions. The second is a centralized Outbound
Telemarketing Group, which has allowed the Company to leverage the time and
experience of veteran senior-level sales people at a far lower cost than the
incremental addition of new sales people. These sales resources also enable the
Company to respond rapidly to competitive shifts in the marketplace, as their
focus can quickly be shifted to different geographic areas or products as
needed.
The Company has won several national awards over the last two years as a
result of its in-house Marketing Group. The Company was the National Association
of Industrial and Office Properties ("NAIOP") 1996 winner "Best Single Ad to
Promote a Company," the 1997 1st Place winner "Ad Campaign to Promote a Company"
for New York CoStar and the 1998 1st Place & Grand Award winner "Electronic
Marketing" for the Company's web site. The Company's web site has received
numerous awards including the NAIOP 1997 Grand Award in Electronic Marketing,
the National Real Estate Investor/Internet Review Online Site of the Week,
PikeNet 5-Star Superior Site Award, and the Web Marketing Association's Standard
of Excellence Web Award.
As part of its marketing strategy, the Company seeks to make its products
integral to its clients' transaction decision support processes. Therefore,
unlike services that charge fees based in whole or in part on actual system
usage time, the Company charges fixed monthly amounts which vary among clients
based on the number of sites, organization size and number of accessible
databases and other services to which a client subscribes. The Company believes
this pricing policy encourages clients to use the Company's products regularly.
Although the Company's subscription charges are quoted to clients in annual
amounts, revenue is recognized on a monthly basis.
The basic CoStar contract consists of: (i) database including fundamental
property and space availability data; (ii) local commercial real estate news and
basic market statistics; (iii) basic application package with research and
analytical capabilities; and (iv) client support and training. Additional
components, such as additional data classes (office or industrial), other
geographic areas, tenant information, and image databases, are available at
additional cost. Over 80% of existing clients of the Company subscribe to
additional components, the most popular of which are image databases and
additional data classes.
COMPETITION
The market for information systems and services generally is competitive
and rapidly changing. In the real estate industry, the principal competitive
factors are the quality and depth of the underlying databases, the proprietary
nature of methodologies, databases and technical resources, the usefulness of
the data and reports generated by the software, client service and support,
compatibility with the client's existing information systems, potential for
product enhancement, vendor reputation, price and the effectiveness of marketing
and sales efforts.
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The Company has been in competition for many years with Black's Guide in
Washington, Northern New Jersey and Los Angeles. Black's Guide primarily
provides information through the print media but has periodically attempted to
develop computer-delivered products and services competitive with those of the
Company. In July 1996, Black's Guide, previously owned by McGraw-Hill Company
and then by a group including CDA Technologies and Thompson Publishing Company,
or their affiliates, was sold to Teleres, a joint venture between Dow Jones &
Company, Inc. and Aegon (a Dutch insurance company). That joint venture targeted
the investment and financial analyst community, through a product called
"Teleres-Pro," that targeted primarily portfolio managers, and secondarily
brokers and appraisers. In August 1997, the joint venture terminated, discharged
its employees and returned Black's database to Black's Guide. In November 1997,
Black's Guide reportedly entered into an arrangement, the terms of which are not
known to the Company, with ReLocate, Inc. ReLocate, Inc. provides a database
product that competes with the Company's product in New York City, Philadelphia
and Boston. Further competition may result from that venture. Jamison Research,
Inc. ("Jamison") is a commercial real estate information provider based in
Atlanta that expanded into the Dallas region in 1995. On February 17, 1998, the
Company entered into an agreement to acquire Jamison that was contingent on the
consummation of the Offering. The parties subsequently terminated this agreement
because of accounting issues associated with the concurrent purchase of Jamison
and the consolidation of RIGINC and RIGLP with the Company, and have no
agreement or understanding on whether to effect a merger or acquisition after
the Offering. Other competitors include: Smith's Guide and ILS in Orange County
and the Association of Industrial Realtors in Los Angeles, CA; Loopnet Venture,
Inc. which provides an Internet based listing service; and Leasetrends, a firm
specializing in tenant information for Midwestern markets, Denver and South
Florida. In addition, there are a number of firms with which the Company expects
to compete as it expands into their areas. Other ventures may develop from which
the Company will face competition.
While the Company faces competitors in individual markets, the Company
believes that it does not presently face competition from any Company on a
national basis. The Company has successfully competed with companies having
greater financial, product development, technical and marketing resources than
the Company with which to develop competitive databases, software and systems
and other similar competitors may arise in the future. The Company faces
significant indirect competition from internal information services at some
office and industrial brokerage firms, many of which developed their own
databases. As the market for support systems develops, additional competitors
may enter the market and competition may intensify. While the Company believes
that it has successfully differentiated itself from competitors, there can be no
assurance that future competition would not have a material adverse effect on
the Company.
PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The Company depends upon a combination of trade secret and copyright laws,
nondisclosure and other contractual provisions and technical measures to protect
its proprietary rights in its methodologies, Database and software. The Company
has not filed any patent applications covering its methodologies and software.
The Company distributes its software products under agreements that grant
clients non-exclusive licenses and contain terms and conditions restricting the
disclosure and use of its Database or software and prohibiting the unauthorized
reproduction or transfer of its products. The products also include technical
measures to prevent unauthorized copying. In addition, the Company attempts to
protect the secrecy of its proprietary Database and other trade secrets and
proprietary information through agreements with employees and consultants.
The Company also seeks to protect the source code of its software and its
Database as trade secrets and under copyright law. Although copyright
registration is not a pre-requisite for copyright protection, the Company has
copyright registrations for certain of its software, user manuals and, portions
of its Database. While the arrangement and selection of data are protectible,
the actual data may not be, and others may be free to create databases that
perform the same function. The Company believes, however, that the creation of
competing databases would be very time-consuming and costly.
The Company has filed applications for the "CoStar" and "CrosTrac" marks in
the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom and expects examination of such
marks in due course. The Company
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believes that it has developed substantial goodwill in connection with these
marks as an indicator of quality products and services.
The Company believes that, aside from the various legal protections of its
proprietary information and technologies, factors such as the technological and
creative skills of its personnel and its ongoing reliable product maintenance
and support are integral to establishing and maintaining its leadership position
within the real estate industry due to the rapid pace of innovation within the
software industry.
EMPLOYEES
As of March 31, 1998, the Company employed a total of 145 full-time
employees, including over 95 researchers and 21 sales and marketing employees.
None of the Company's employees is represented by a labor union. The Company has
experienced no work stoppages and believes that its employee relations are
excellent.
FACILITIES
The Company's corporate offices occupy approximately 21,000 square feet in
Bethesda, Maryland, under leases and subleases expiring June 30, 2000. In
addition to its corporate offices, the Company leases office space in the
following cities: New York; Los Angeles; Elmhurst, Illinois; San Francisco;
Boston; Newport Beach; and Philadelphia. Aggregate lease payments for the
Company for the year ended December 31, 1997 were approximately $766,000.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company has been involved from time to time in lawsuits incidental to
its business. The Company is not currently subject to, and none of its
properties is subject to, any material legal proceedings.
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MANAGEMENT
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS
OF
NAME AGE SERVICE POSITION
- ---------------------------------- ----- --------- ------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Michael R. Klein ................. 56 11 Chairman of the Board of Directors
Andrew C. Florance ............... 35 11 Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
Frank A. Carchedi ................ 40 1 Chief Financial Officer
Curtis M. Ricketts ............... 35 3 Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing
David M. Schaffel ................ 36 9 Vice President of Product Development
Dean Violagis .................... 30 8 Vice President of Research
Robert J. Caulfield, Jr. ......... 42 0 Vice President of Sales
David Bonderman .................. 55 3 Director
Warren H. Haber .................. 56 3 Director
John Simon ....................... 53 2 Director
Lanning Macfarland III ........... 44 2 Director
</TABLE>
Michael R. Klein is a founder and has been Chairman of the Board of
Directors of the Company Since 1987. He has been, since 1974, a partner of the
law firm Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, based in Washington, D.C., where he is a
member of its five person management committee. Over the past five years he has
served as a member of the board of directors (and Audit Committee Chairman) of
both National Education Corporation and Steck-Vaughn Publishing Corporation and
as a director (and member of the Executive Committee) of Perini Corporation. In
1990 to 1991, on leave from his law firm, he served as the Chief Administrative
Officer and Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of Republic Waste Industries
(now known as Republic Industries), Inc.
Andrew C. Florance is a founder of the Company and has served as President
and as a Director since 1987 and as Chief Executive Officer since 1995. Prior to
founding the Company, Mr. Florance was President of its predecessor company,
Real Estate Infonet, a real estate public records publishing operation, from
1985 to 1987. Mr. Florance held primary responsibility for developing the first
generation software products for Federal Filings, a 13-D tracking service, which
was later acquired by Dow Jones. Mr. Florance was a co-founder of an industry
trade association (REI-NEX) and served on its board from 1993-96. Mr. Florance
also served on the focus group responsible for developing the concepts related
to the Federal government's use of real estate in Vice President Gore's National
Performance Review. Mr. Florance is a graduate of Princeton University with a
degree in economics.
Frank A. Carchedi, Chief Financial Officer, joined the Company in May 1997,
from ITC Learning Corporation, a publicly held publisher and distributor of
multi-media training products, at which he had been Vice President, Treasurer
and Chief Financial Officer since 1995. Prior to that, Mr. Carchedi was with
Ernst & Young, LLP for ten years, most recently as a consultant in the firm's
New York Merger and Acquisitions Group and its Entrepreneurial Services Group in
Washington, D.C. He received a B.S. in accounting from Wake Forest University.
Curtis M. Ricketts, Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing, joined
the Company as the Vice President of Sales and Marketing in December 1994. Prior
to joining the Company, Mr. Ricketts spent six years as an officer of the Carey
Winston Company, the largest office and industrial real estate services firm in
the Washington-Baltimore region. Mr. Ricketts served as a broker and as the
chief financial analyst for the firm's office and industrial brokerage and
advisory divisions, but was also responsible for new technology.
David M. Schaffel, Vice President of Product Development, has been with the
Company since 1989. Mr. Schaffel is responsible for the design, development, and
maintenance of the Company's software products as well as any new products. From
1987 until joining the Company, Mr. Schaffel was President
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of Biscayne Technical Services, Inc., where he developed a logistics tracking
application for the United States Air Force. Mr. Schaffel received a Masters of
Science -- Operations Research/Statistics from the University of Miami and a
Bachelor of Science in Business from the University of Florida.
Dean Violagis, Vice President of Research, is responsible for the Company's
research department, of which he has been a manager since 1989. The majority of
the Company employees report to Mr. Violagis through three research team
leaders. Mr. Violagis received a B.A. in Real Estate Finance from the American
University in Washington, D.C.
Robert J. Caulfield, Jr., Vice President of Sales. Prior to joining the
Company in 1998, Mr. Caulfield was Director of Sales and Business Manger of the
Southeast District of Reuters America, Inc. from 1988 to 1998, where he managed
a media sales unit. Prior to joining Reuters, he was a marketing manager of
Southern California Technology Executives Network. He received a B.S. in
Marketing from Villanova University and his M.B.A. in International Marketing
from The George Washington University.
David Bonderman is a principal of Texas Pacific Group and an indirect
general partner of TPG Partners I, L.P. and TPG Partners II, L.P. Prior to
forming Texas Pacific Group, Inc., Mr. Bonderman served as Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer of Keystone, Inc. (formerly the Robert M. Bass Group,
Inc.) from July 1983 to August 1992. Mr. Bonderman was a partner in the law firm
of Arnold & Porter from 1971 to 1983. Mr. Bonderman currently serves on the
boards of directors of Continental Airlines, Inc., Bell and Howell Company,
Ducati Motorcycles S.p.A., Beringer Wine Estates, Denbury Resources, Inc.,
Ryanair, P.L.C., Washington Mutual, Inc., and Virgin Entertainment, Ltd. He has
been a Director of the Company since 1987.
Warren H. Haber has been, for more than twenty years, Chairman of the Board
and Chief Executive of Founders Equity, Inc. and its affiliates, private
investment concerns engaged in the business of identifying businesses for
acquisition in principal transactions, and managing such businesses for its own
account. Mr. Haber serves on the boards of directors of Beverly Glen Medical
Systems, American Life Care and Grand Charter, Ltd. He has been a Director of
the Company since 1995. See "Certain Transactions."
John Simon is a Managing Director of the investment banking firm Allen &
Company Incorporated, with which he has been associated for over 20 years. Mr.
Simon currently serves on the board of directors of The Immune Response
Corporation, Neurogen Corporation, and Advanced Technical Products, Inc. (all
Nasdaq). Mr. Simon has been a Director since 1996. See "Certain Transactions."
Lanning Macfarland III has been associated with the Law Bulletin Publishing
Company ("LBPC") of Chicago since 1983, from which the Company acquired ReSource
in March 1996. He is currently the General Operations Officer of LBPC and is its
publisher for all real estate trade publications and its Director of Sales --
Legal Advertising. Prior to his association with LBPC, Mr. Macfarland held sales
and publishing positions with The New Yorker, Time, Inc. and Bradley Printing.
Mr. Macfarland holds a B.A. degree from Texas Christian University, and an
M.B.A. from Keller Graduate School in Chicago. "See Certain Transactions." He
has been a Director of the Company since 1996.
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
All of the current directors serve for one-year terms or until their
successors are elected and qualified. Stockholders Agreements which include
provisions governing the composition, power and election of the Board of
Directors, will terminate upon the closing of the Offering.
COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Board of Directors has (i) an Audit Committee that reviews the results
and scope of the annual audit and other services provided by the Company's
independent public accountants and (ii) a Compensation Committee that makes
recommendations concerning salaries and incentive compensation for employees of
the Company. The Company's Board of Directors has designated the Compensation
Committee as the administrator of the Stock Option Plan described below.
34
<PAGE>
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
Directors who are not currently receiving compensation as officers or
employees of the Company are entitled to reimbursement of expenses for attending
each meeting of the Board of Directors and each meeting of any committee. Until
May 1998, Founders Equity Inc. received a monthly fee of $10,000 and Mr. Klein a
monthly fee of $6,667, each of which has terminated. Upon consummation of the
Offering, the Company intends to pay non-employee directors $15,000 annually,
payable in Common Stock.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth the annual salary, bonuses and all other
compensation awards and payouts to the Chief Executive Officer and President and
to certain named executive officers of the Company (collectively, the "Named
Executive Officers") for services rendered to the Company and its subsidiaries
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OTHER ALL
NAME AND FISCAL ANNUAL OTHER
PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR SALARY BONUS COMPENSATION COMPENSATION
- -------------------------------------- -------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Andrew C. Florance ................... 1997 $ 150,000 $100,000 $ 150,000(1) --
President and Chief 1996 150,000 100,000 150,000(1) --
Executive Officer 1995 140,577 -- -- --
Frank A. Carchedi .................... 1997 $ 70,654(2) $ 20,000 -- --
Chief Financial Officer 1996 -- -- -- --
1995 -- -- -- --
Curtis M. Ricketts ................... 1997 $ 83,077 $ 46,166 -- --
Senior Vice President of Sales 1996 64,481 37,012 -- --
and Marketing 1995 76,246 -- -- --
David M. Schaffel .................... 1997 $ 117,898 $ 3,000 -- $8,614
Vice President of Product Development 1996 96,941 3,000 -- --
1995 82,782 -- -- --
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Other compensation for Mr. Florance is deferred compensation that was paid
to him in 1997 in the form of RIGINC shares valued at $14.00 per share
(equivalent to $4.62 per share of Common Stock of the Company).
(2) Mr. Carchedi joined RIGLP as Chief Financial Officer in May 1997. On an
annualized basis, his base salary is $110,000 per year.
35
<PAGE>
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
Andrew C. Florance. In April 1998, the Company entered into an amended
employment agreement with Andrew C. Florance, its President and Chief Executive
Officer, which agreement is effective as of January 1, 1998. Mr. Florance's
amended employment agreement provides for a base salary of $175,000. Mr.
Florance is entitled to an annual bonus award up to 100% of his base salary
based upon achievement of performance objectives to be agreed with the
Compensation Committee, and to participate in and receive benefits from any
insurance, medical, disability or pension plan generally made available to the
senior executive officers of the Company. In addition, Mr. Florance's employment
agreement calls for an initial grant of an option for 65,000 shares of Common
Stock to Mr. Florance, with an exercise price equal to the Offering price. Those
options vest one-fourth upon the initial public offering and one-fourth on each
of December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000. Mr. Florance's employment agreement is for
an initial term of three years and is automatically renewable for additional,
successive one-year terms, unless terminated or not renewed by the Company or
Mr. Florance. In the event of a termination of employment by the Company without
cause or by Mr. Florance with good reason, Mr. Florance is entitled to receive
his base salary for the longer of one year from the date of termination or
whatever period is remaining under the employment agreement, his bonus for the
year in which the termination occurred and a gross-up payment to cover any taxes
assessed pursuant to Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code, and all of his
unvested options immediately vest. Mr. Florance's employment agreement contains
a covenant not to compete with the Company for a period of two years immediately
following the termination of employment. Applicable law may limit the term or
scope of the covenant not to compete.
Frank A. Carchedi. In April 1998, the Company entered into an amended
employment agreement with Frank A. Carchedi, its Chief Financial Officer, which
agreement is effective as of January 1, 1998. Mr. Carchedi's amended employment
agreement provides for continuation of Mr. Carchedi's current base salary, which
base salary increases to $125,000 upon the initial public offering. Mr. Carchedi
is entitled to an annual bonus award up to 75% of his base salary based upon
achievement of certain performance objectives to be negotiated with the Chief
Executive Officer and the Compensation Committee, and to participate in and
receive benefits from any insurance, medical, disability or pension plan
generally made available to the senior executive officers of the Company. In
addition, Mr. Carchedi's employment agreement calls for an initial grant of an
option for 40,000 shares of Common Stock to Mr. Carchedi, with an exercise price
equal to the Offering price. Those options vest one-fourth upon the initial
public offering and one-fourth on each of December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000. Mr.
Carchedi's employment agreement is for an initial term of two years and is
automatically renewable for additional, successive one-year terms, unless
terminated or not renewed by the Company or Mr. Carchedi. In the event of a
termination of employment by the Company without cause, Mr. Carchedi is entitled
to receive his base salary for whatever period is remaining under the employment
agreement or six months (whichever is greater), a prorated share of his bonus
for the year in which the termination occurred, and all of his unvested options
that would have vested within twelve months immediately vest. Pursuant to his
agreement, Mr. Carchedi is subject to a two-year covenant not to compete with
the Company similar to that described with respect to Mr. Florance. Applicable
law may limit the term or scope of the covenant not to compete.
David M. Schaffel. In April 1998, the Company entered into an employment
agreement with David M. Schaffel, its Vice President for Product Development,
which agreement is effective as of January 1, 1998. Mr. Schaffel's employment
agreement provides for continuation of Mr. Schaffel's current base salary, which
base salary increases to $120,000 upon the initial public offering. Mr. Schaffel
is entitled to an annual bonus award up to 50% of his base salary based upon
achievement of certain performance objectives to be negotiated with the Chief
Executive Officer and the Compensation Committee, and to participate in and
receive benefits from any insurance, medical, disability or pension plan
generally made available to the senior executive officers of the Company. In
addition, Mr. Schaffel's employment agreement provides for an initial grant of
an option for 40,000 shares of Common Stock to Mr. Schaffel with an exercise
price equal to the Offering price. Those options vest one-fourth upon the
initial public offering and one-fourth on each of December 31, 1998, 1999 and
2000. Mr. Schaffel's employment agreement is for an initial term of two years
and is automatically renewable for additional, successive one-year terms, unless
terminated or not renewed by the Company or Mr. Schaffel. In the event of a
termination of employment by the Company without cause, Mr. Schaffel is entitled
to receive his base
36
<PAGE>
salary for whatever period is remaining under the employment agreement or six
months (whichever is greater), a prorated share of his bonus for the year in
which the termination occurred, and all of his unvested options that would have
vested within twelve months immediately vest. Pursuant to his agreement, Mr.
Schaffel is subject to a two-year covenant not to compete with the Company
similar to that described with respect to Mr. Florance. Applicable law may limit
the term or scope of the covenant not to compete.
Curtis M. Ricketts. In April 1998, the Company entered into an employment
agreement with Curtis M. Ricketts, its Vice President-Sales, which agreement is
effective as of January 1, 1998. Mr. Ricketts' employment agreement provides for
continuation of Mr. Rickett's current base salary, which base salary increases
to $110,000 upon the initial public offering. Mr. Ricketts is entitled to a
quarterly bonus award up to 100% of his base salary during the quarter based
upon achievement of certain performance objectives to be negotiated with the
Chief Executive Officer and the Compensation Committee, and to participate in
and receive benefits from any insurance, medical, disability or pension plan
generally made available to the senior executive officers of the Company. In
addition, Mr. Ricketts' employment agreement provides for an initial grant of an
option for 25,000 shares of Common Stock to Mr. Ricketts with an exercise price
equal to the Offering price. Those options vest one-fourth upon the initial
public offering and one-fourth on each of December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000. Mr.
Ricketts' employment agreement is for an initial term of two years and is
automatically renewable for additional, successive one-year terms, unless
terminated or not renewed by the Company or Mr. Ricketts. In the event of a
termination of employment by the Company without cause, Mr. Ricketts is entitled
to receive his base salary for whatever period is remaining under the employment
agreement or six months (whichever is greater), a prorated share of his bonus
for the year in which the termination occurred, and all of his unvested options
that would have vested within twelve months immediately vest. Pursuant to his
agreement, Mr. Ricketts is subject to a two-year covenant not to compete with
the Company similar to that described with respect to Mr. Florance. Applicable
law may limit the term or scope of the covenant not to compete.
OPTION GRANTS
One Named Executive Officer was granted stock options during the fiscal
year ended December 31, 1997. In addition, at or about the time of the Offering,
in connection with the Company's customary compensation review process, the
Company will consider option grants to its valued employees. The Company
currently expects that approximately 350,000 options will be granted as part of
this process, subject to approval by the Compensation Committee.
FISCAL YEAR-END VALUES
None of the Named Executive Officers exercised any stock options during
fiscal year 1997. The following table provides information regarding stock
options held by the Named Executive Officers as of the end of fiscal year 1997.
37
<PAGE>
OPTION VALUES AT DECEMBER 31, 1997
The following table sets forth certain information regarding unexercised
options held by the Named Executive Officers at December 31, 1997.
AGGREGATED OPTIONS AND YEAR END 1997 OPTION VALUES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF SECURITIES
UNDERLYING UNEXERCISED OPTIONS VALUE OF
HELD AT DECEMBER 31, 1997(1) UNEXERCISED OPTIONS(2)
----------------------------------- ------------------------------
NAME EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE
- ---------------------------- ----------------- --------------- ------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Andrew C. Florance ......... 126,078 42,026 $ 826,000 $ 275,000
Frank A. Carchedi .......... -- 15,150 -- 90,000
David M. Schaffel .......... 8,081 4,040 53,000 27,000
Curtis M. Ricketts ......... 56,561 (3) 4,040 458,000 27,000
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) Includes unit options of RIGLP which have been converted to stock options
of the Company at a rate of 3.03 shares of Common Stock per RIGLP unit.
(2) Calculated based on the amount by which the fair market value of the
underlying security exceeds the option exercise price. For purposes of this
calculation, the fair market value is assumed to be equal to the per share
price set forth on the front cover page of this Prospectus.
(3) In June, 1998, Mr. Ricketts exercised 16,000 unit options of RIGLP
(equivalent to 48,480 shares of Common Stock).
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company currently anticipates that its Board of Directors will adopt
the Stock Option Plan at or prior to consummation of the Offering and that such
plan will be submitted for stockholder approval at the next annual meeting of
stockholders. The Company has reserved 1,450,000 shares of Common Stock for
issuance under the Stock Option Plan and expects that approximately 350,000
options will be granted as part of this process, subject to approval of the
Compensation Committee. Unless terminated sooner by the Board of Directors, the
Stock Option Plan will terminate in 2006.
The Stock Option Plan will be administered by the Compensation Committee of
the Board of Directors. The Committee will have the authority and discretion,
subject to the provisions of the Stock Option Plan, to select persons to whom
options will be granted, to designate the number of shares to be covered by
options, to specify the type of consideration to be paid to the Company, and to
establish all other terms and conditions of each stock option.
The Stock Option Plan will provide for the grant of stock options to
officers and employees of the Company or its subsidiaries. Options granted under
the Stock Option Plan may be incentive or non-qualified stock options. The
exercise price for a stock option may not be less than the fair market value of
the Company's Common Stock on the date of grant. Stock options granted under the
Stock Option Plan may not be transferred other than by will or by the laws of
descent and distribution. Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, as defined
in the Stock Option Plan, all outstanding unexercisable options under the Stock
Option Plan immediately become exercisable.
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial
ownership of the shares of the Company's equity as of March 31, 1998, as
adjusted to give effect to the consolidation of RIGINC and RIGLP into the
Company and the sale of shares of Common Stock in the Offering by (i) each
person known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the
outstanding Common Stock, (ii) each director of the Company, (iii) each Named
Executive Officer and (iv) all of the Company's executive officers and directors
as a group. Except as indicated in the footnotes to the table, the Company
believes that the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment
power with respect to the shares of Common Stock indicated:
38
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
BEFORE OFFERING AFTER OFFERING(10)
----------------------- ------------------------
NAME NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT
- ----------------------------------------------- ----------- --------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Michael R. Klein(1) ........................... 2,123,385 36.6% 2,123,385 25.6%
Andrew C. Florance(2) ......................... 487,509 8.2% 487,509 5.8%
Frank A. Carchedi(3) .......................... 5,049 * 5,049 *
Curtis M. Ricketts(4) ......................... 56,560 * 56,560 *
David M. Schaffel(5) .......................... 38,380 * 38,380 *
David Bonderman ............................... 444,704 7.7% 444,704 5.4%
Warren Haber(6) ............................... 1,263,731 21.9% 1,263,731 15.3%
John Simon(7) ................................. 710,388 12.3% 183,721 8.6%
Lanning Macfarland III(8) ..................... 413,365 7.2% 413,365 5.0%
All Named Executive Officers and Directors as a
group (nine) ................................. 5,543,071 95.7% 5,016,404 60.8%
RIG Holdings, L.L.C.(9) ....................... 710,388 12.3% 0 *
Founders/RIG, L.L.C. .......................... 1,158,375 20.1% 1,158,375 14.0%
Law Bulletin Publishing Company ............... 410,335 7.2% 410,335 5.0%
</TABLE>
- ----------
* Less than 1%
(1) Includes 14,496 shares held as trustee for his nieces and 14,496 shares
held by others as trustee for his children. Also includes warrants for the
purchase of 45,450 shares of Common Stock. See "Certain Transactions".
(2) Includes 168,104 shares of Common Stock issuable upon options exercisable
within 60 days.
(3) Includes 5,051 shares of Common Stock issuable upon options exercisable
within 60 days. Excludes 10,099 shares of Common Stock issuable upon
options not exercisable within 60 days.
(4) Includes 56,561 shares of Common Stock issuable upon options exercisable
within 60 days, of which 48,480 shares were exercised in June 1998.
Excludes 4,039 shares of Common Stock issuable upon options not exercisable
within 60 days.
(5) Includes 8,081 shares of Common Stock issuable upon options exercisable
within 60 days. Excludes 4,039 shares of Common Stock issuable upon options
not exercisable within 60 days.
(6) Includes 1,158,375 shares held by Mr. Haber and others as members of
Founders/RIG, L.L.C.
(7) Includes 710,388 shares held before the Offering by Allen, as
Member-Manager, and certain of its officers and affiliates, as members of
RIG Holdings, L.L.C. ("RH LLC"). Includes 183,721 shares held after the
Offering by Allen (of which Mr. Simon is a Managing Director) and certain
of its officers and affiliates after the dissolution of RH LLC concurrent
with the consummation of the Offering. See "Certain Transactions."
(8) Includes 410,335 shares held by Law Bulletin Publishing Company.
(9) Concurrently with the consummation of the Offering, RH LLC will be
dissolved, and the shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by it will be
distributed to its members. At such time, Allen, currently the
Member-Manager of RH LLC and a Representative, together with certain of its
officers, will be the beneficial owner of approximately 183,721 shares of
the Company's Common Stock. See "Certain Transactions."
(10) Does not include options to be granted upon consummation of the Offering.
See "Management -- Employment Agreements," and "-- Option Grant."
39
<PAGE>
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
There have been no assets sold to or acquired from the Company and its
officers or directors other than in connection with: (i) the acquisition of the
Company's Chicago operations, (ii) routine compensation arrangements approved by
the Board of Directors, (iii) subscriptions for additional equity to fund the
Company's growth (iv) loans extended to the Company by certain of its
stockholders from time to time, and (v) the RIG Contribution Agreement.
Warren H. Haber is chairman and chief executive officer of Founders Equity,
Inc. ("Founders") and a director of the Company. On May 15, 1995, Founders/RIG,
LLC ("FR LLC"), an affiliate of Founders acquired 296,652 limited partnership
units of RIGLP for an aggregate purchase price of $3.1 million, or $10.45 per
unit (equivalent to 898,856 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an
effective price per share of $3.45). As part of the contractual arrangements
that accompanied Founders' investment, Mr. Haber became a director and the
Company agreed to register the securities FR LLC received for resale upon its
demand at a future date. On December 3, 1996, FR LLC and certain of its
affiliates acquired an additional 85,650.62 limited partnership units of RIGLP
for an aggregate purchase price of $1.06 million, or $12.37 per unit (equivalent
to 259,521 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an effective price per share
of $4.08). In addition, pursuant to the RIG Contribution Agreement, FR LLC's
registration rights were amended. See "Description of Capital Stock --
Registration Rights." FR LLC's right to designate a director of RIGINC will
terminate upon consummation of the Transaction.
At the time of the Founders' investment in RIGINC and RIGLP in May 1995,
those entities were indebted to Michael R. Klein, then and now the Chairman of
the Company and a 31.8% stockholder, for loans he had extended with a then
balance of $751,961. In connection with Founders' investment, $426,693 was
repaid and the remaining balance of $325,268 was converted into 31,126 units of
RIGLP (94,312 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an effective price per
share of $3.45, the same price at which FR LLC purchased its interest in that
transaction). In connection with that same transaction, the Company agreed to
pay monthly fees to Founders of $10,000 and to Mr. Klein of $6,667, both of
which terminated in May 1998. During 1997, Mr. Klein committed to extend up to
$1.0 million of credit to RIGINC, which in turn agreed to loan such amounts to
RIGLP to support a $1.0 million credit facility RIGLP secured with Silicon
Valley Bank ("SVB"), of which $650,000 has been extended and is outstanding. The
RIGINC loan to RIGLP is contractually subordinated, and Mr. Klein's loans to
RIGINC are structurally subordinated, to the SVB loan, interest on the balance
is payable to RIGINC and Mr. Klein at the same rate (2% over prime) as the SVB
loan and no principal may be repaid until the SVB loan is paid. Repayment of the
SVB loan and the RIGINC/Klein loan are contemplated uses of the proceeds of this
Offering. See "Use of Proceeds." As consideration for Mr. Klein's commitment, a
committee of three independent directors authorized the issuance to Mr. Klein of
warrants to purchase 15,000 units of RIGLP (effectively, 45,450 shares of the
Company's Common Stock) at a price 10% less than the price at which the shares
are being offered hereby, exercisable during the two years following the closing
of this Offering. The Company has paid fees to the law firm of which Mr. Klein
is a partner for legal services rendered; under the policies of his firm, Mr.
Klein is not the partner responsible for supervising or billing for those
services.
John Simon is a managing director of Allen and a director of the Company.
On December 3, 1996, RIG Holdings, LLC ("RH LLC"), acquired 234,451.42 limited
partnership units of RIGLP for an aggregate purchase price of $2.9 million, or
$12.37 per unit (equivalent to 710,388 shares of Common Stock of the Company at
an effective price per share of $4.08). RH LLC was granted the right to
designate one member of the board of directors of RIGINC as well as certain
registration rights in regards to the units it purchased. Pursuant to the RIG
Contribution Agreement, RH LLC's registration rights were amended. See
"Description of Capital Stock -- Registration Rights." Allen is the
Member-Manager of RH LLC and, together with certain of its officers and
affiliates, is the owner of approximately 26% of RH LLC; as Member-Manager,
Allen is currently entitled to exercise voting power over all of the limited
partnership units of RIGLP held by RH LLC. For these reasons, RH LLC may be
deemed to be an affiliate of Allen. RH LLC's (and its members') right to
designate a director of RIGINC will terminate upon consummation of the
Transaction, at which time RH LLC will be dissolved and its ownership interests
(and the registration rights connected therewith) will be distributed pro rata
to its members. At such time, Allen, together with certain of its officers and
affiliates, will be the beneficial owner of 183,721
40
<PAGE>
shares of the Company's Common Stock. Allen, as a Representative, will receive
certain underwriting discounts and commissions with respect to services rendered
on behalf of the Company with respect to the Offering. See "Underwriting." Prior
to making this investment, on November 5, 1996, Allen had loaned RIGLP $250,000,
bearing interest at a rate of 8.5% per year. This loan was paid off in
connection with RH LLC's investment.
Lanning Macfarland III is head of real estate publications at Law Bulletin
Publishing Company ("LBPC") and a director of the Company. On March 29, 1996,
RIGLP acquired all of the assets of ReSource from LBPC for 114,640.55 limited
partnership units of RIGLP valued nominally at $10.45 per unit (equivalent to
347,361 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an effective price per share of
$3.45). ReSource was a real estate information provider in the Chicago, Illinois
area. On December 3, 1996, LBPC and certain of its affiliates acquired an
additional 23,283.45 limited partnership units of RIGLP for an aggregate
purchase price of $288,000, or $12.37 per unit (equivalent to 70,548 shares of
Common Stock of the Company at an effective price per share of $4.08). In
addition, pursuant to the RIG Contribution Agreement, LBPC's registration rights
were amended. See "Description of Capital Stock -- Registration Rights." LBPC's
right to designate a director of RIGINC will terminate upon consummation of the
Transaction.
Effective as of March 5, 1998, all of the limited and general partners of
RIGLP and all of the stockholders of RIGINC entered into the RIG Contribution
Agreement. Pursuant to this agreement, each limited partner of RIGLP (other than
RIGINC) agreed to contribute all of its limited partnership units to the
Company, and all of the stockholders of RIGINC agreed to contribute all of their
shares of RIGINC to the Company, all in exchange for 3.03 shares of Common Stock
of the Company for each limited partnership unit or share of common stock.
Consummation of the RIG Contribution Agreement is contingent upon a number of
events, including completion of the Offering. All of the current officers and
directors of the Company who will own shares of Common Stock after the Offering
will exchange their units of RIGLP and their shares of RIGINC for Company Common
Stock pursuant to the RIG Contribution Agreement.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
Immediately following the closing of the Offering, the authorized capital
stock of the Company will consist of 30,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par
value $.01 per share, and 2,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $.01
per share.
COMMON STOCK
The Company is authorized to issue 30,000,000 shares of Common Stock. As of
May 31, 1998, the Company had no outstanding shares of Common Stock. Following
the consummation of the RIG Contribution Agreement, the Company expects to have
outstanding 5,802,497 shares of Common Stock held of record by a total of 38
holders (assuming dissolution of RH LLC concurrent with the Offering). Upon the
consummation of the Offering made hereby, there will be 8,302,497 shares of
Common Stock outstanding, after giving effect to the sale of the shares of
Common Stock offered hereby. Each stockholder of record is entitled to one vote
for each outstanding share of Common Stock owned by him on every matter properly
submitted to the stockholders for their vote. The holders of Common Stock are
entitled to receive ratably such dividends as are declared by the Board of
Directors out of funds legally available therefor. In the event of a
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of Common Stock
have the right to a ratable portion of assets remaining after payment of
liabilities. Holders of Common Stock have neither preemptive rights nor rights
to convert their Common Stock into any other securities and are not subject to
future calls or assessments by the Company. There are no redemption or sinking
fund provisions applicable to the Common Stock. All outstanding shares of Common
Stock are, and the shares offered hereby upon issuance and sale will be, fully
paid and non-assessable.
PREFERRED STOCK
The Company is authorized to issue 2,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock in
one or more series. As of May 31, 1998, the Company had no outstanding shares of
Preferred Stock. The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including
dividend rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, retirement,
41
<PAGE>
sinking fund provisions, liquidation preferences, conversion rights and exchange
rights, if any, of the Preferred Stock of each series will be fixed or
designated pursuant to Articles Supplementary adopted by the Board of Directors
or a duly authorized committee thereof.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
The Company has granted certain registration rights to certain stockholders
of the Company who will own in the aggregate 2,509,747 shares of Common Stock
upon consummation of this Offering. Those holders have "piggyback" registration
rights to request that the Company register any of their shares in the event
that the Company proposes to register any of its securities under the Securities
Act (other than a registration effected solely to implement an employee benefit
plan or a transaction to which Rule 145 of the Securities and Exchange
Commission is applicable). However, if such piggyback rights are exercised in
connection with an underwritten public offering of the Company's Common Stock,
the managing underwriter of such an offering has the right to exclude or
otherwise limit the number of such shares to be included in such public
offering. Additionally, FR LLC and RH LLC and their successors share two
"demand" registration rights to require the Company to prepare and file a
registration statement so as to permit a public offering and sale of their
shares of Common Stock, provided that at least 20% of the shares covered by the
registration rights demand such registration. None of the demand registration
rights are exercisable until the date that is six months after the Offering.
DELAWARE LAW AND CERTAIN CHARTER AND BY-LAW PROVISIONS
Section 203 of Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 of the
Delaware General Corporation Law ("DGCL") prohibits certain transactions between
a Delaware corporation and an "interested stockholder," which is defined as a
person who, together with any affiliates or associates of such person,
beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 15% or more of the outstanding voting
shares of a Delaware corporation. This provision prohibits certain business
combinations (defined broadly to include mergers, consolidations, sales or other
dispositions of such assets having an aggregate value in excess of 10% of the
consolidated assets of the corporation, and certain transactions that would
increase the interested stockholder's proportionate share ownership in the
corporation) between an interested stockholder and a corporation for a period of
three years after the date the interested stockholder becomes an interested
stockholder, unless (i) the business combination is approved by the
corporation's board of directors prior to the date the interested stockholder
becomes an interested stockholder, (ii) the interested stockholder acquired at
least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation (other than stock held by
directors who are also officers or by certain employee stock plan) in the
transaction in which it becomes an interested stockholder or (iii) the business
combination is approved by a majority of the board of directors and by the
affirmative vote of 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by
the interested stockholder.
Certain Antitakeover Provisions. The Company's Certificate of Incorporation
contains provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from
making an acquisition proposal for the Company. The Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company, among other things, (i) permits the Board of Directors, but not
the Company's stockholders, to fill vacancies and newly created directorships on
the Board of Directors and (ii) provides that any action required or permitted
to be taken by the stockholders of the Company must be effected at an annual or
special meeting of stockholders and not by any consent in writing by such
stockholders. Special meetings of stockholders may be called only by the Board
of Directors. Such provisions would make the removal of incumbent directors more
difficult and time-consuming and may have the effect of discouraging a tender
offer or other takeover attempt not previously approved by the Board of
Directors.
Indemnification and Limitation of Liability. The Company's Certificate of
Incorporation provides that the Company shall, subject to certain limitations,
indemnify its directors and officers against expenses (including attorneys'
fees, judgments, fines and certain settlements) actually and reasonably incurred
by them in connection with any suit or proceeding to which they are a party so
long as they acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or
not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to a
criminal action or proceeding, so long as they had no reasonable cause to
believe their conduct to have been unlawful.
42
<PAGE>
Section 102 of the DGCL permits a Delaware corporation to include in its
certificate of incorporation a provision eliminating or limiting a director's
liability to a corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breaches
of fiduciary duty. DGCL Section 102 provides, however, that liability for
breaches of the duty of loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or
involving intentional misconduct, or knowing violation of the law, and the
unlawful purchase or redemption of stock or payment of unlawful dividends or the
receipt of improper personal benefits cannot be eliminated or limited in this
manner. The Company's Certificate of Incorporation includes a provision which
eliminates, to the fullest extent permitted, director liability for monetary
damages for breaches of fiduciary duty.
Preferred Stock. Upon the completion of the Offering, the Company will have
the authority to issue up to 2,000,000 shares of so-called "blank-check"
preferred stock which authorizes the Board of Directors to establish one or more
series of Preferred Stock and to fix and determine the relative rights,
preferences and limitations of each class or series of Preferred Stock with
voting and conversion rights which could adversely affect the voting power of
the holders of Common Stock and have the effect of delaying or preventing a
change of control of the Company. After the completion of the Offering, no
shares of Preferred Stock will be outstanding. The Company has no current
intention to issue any shares of Preferred Stock.
TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
Upon consummation of the Offering, the transfer agent and registrar for the
Common Stock will be American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Upon the completion of the Offering, the Company will have 8,302,497
outstanding shares of Common Stock. Of these shares, the 2,500,000 shares of
Common Stock sold in this Offering will be freely tradable without restriction
or further registration under the Securities Act unless purchased by affiliates
of the Company (as defined under the Securities Act). 5,802,497 shares that will
be held by existing stockholders, representing approximately 70% of the total
number of shares of Common Stock to be outstanding upon the completion of this
Offering, may not be resold except pursuant to an effective registration
statement filed by the Company or an applicable exemption from registration,
including an exemption under Rule 144. In addition, certain holders of Common
Stock have agreed that they will not, without obtaining the prior written
approval of the Representatives (as defined in "Underwriting"), directly or
indirectly offer for sale, sell, transfer, encumber, contract to sell, grant any
option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise dispose (or announce any
offer, sale, transfer, encumbrance, contract to sell, grant of an option to
purchase or other disposition) of any shares of Common Stock, or any securities,
subject to certain exceptions, convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable
for, shares of Common Stock, for a lock-up period of 240 days after the
effective date of the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus forms a
part. See "Underwriting."
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person (or persons
whose shares are aggregated), including an affiliate of the Company (as defined
in Rule 144, an "Affiliate"), who has beneficially owned "restricted securities"
(as that term is defined in Rule 144) for a period of at least one year from the
later of the date such restricted securities were acquired from the Company or
the date they were acquired from an Affiliate, is entitled to sell, within any
three-month period, a number of such securities that does not exceed the greater
of (i) 1% of the then outstanding shares of the Company's Common Stock
(approximately 83,000 shares immediately after the Offering) or (ii) the average
weekly trading volume in the Company's Common Stock during the four calendar
weeks preceding the filing of notice of such sale. Sales under Rule 144 are also
subject to certain restrictions on the manner of sale, notice requirements, and
the availability of current public information about the Company. Under Rule
144(k), a person who is not deemed to have been an Affiliate of the Company at
any time during the 90 days preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the
shares proposed to be sold for at least two years (including the holding period
of any prior owner except an affiliate), is entitled to sell such shares
43
<PAGE>
without complying with the manner of sale, notice, public information, or volume
limitation provisions of Rule 144; therefore, unless otherwise restricted,
"144(k) shares" may be sold immediately upon the completion of the Offering,
subject to the lock-up periods described in the preceding paragraph.
Under Rule 701 under the Securities Act, certain shares issued pursuant to
employee benefit plans or arrangements in effect prior to this Offering are
eligible for resale 90 days after the Company becomes a reporting company under
the Exchange Act and may be sold by persons other than Affiliates subject only
to the manner of sale provisions of Rule 144 and by Affiliates without
compliance with the holding period requirements of Rule 144.
As soon as practicable following the expiration of the lock-up periods
described above, the Company intends to file a registration statement or
statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the shares of Common
Stock issuable pursuant to the Stock Option Plan. As of March 31, 1998, options
for units of RIGLP and shares of RIGINC were outstanding that, when converted to
options for shares of Common Stock under the Stock Option Plan, will result in
options to purchase approximately 398,384 shares, of which options to purchase
249,299 shares will be exercisable. Shares issued upon the exercise of the
options generally will be eligible for sale in the public market after the
effective date of such registration, subject, in certain cases, to the lock-up
agreements described herein and volume and other restrictions.
Prior to the Offering, there has been no public market for the Common
Stock. No predictions can be made as to the effect, if any, that market sales of
shares or the availability of shares for sale will have on the market price of
the Common Stock prevailing from time to time. The Company is unable to estimate
the number of shares that may be sold in the public market pursuant to Rule 144,
since this will depend on the market price of the Common Stock, the specific
circumstances of the sellers and other factors. Nevertheless, sales of
significant amounts of the Common Stock of the Company in the public market
could adversely affect the market price of the Company's Common Stock.
After the completion of the Offering, certain persons will be entitled to
certain rights with respect to registration under the Securities Act of
approximately 2,509,747 shares of Common Stock.
44
<PAGE>
UNDERWRITING
The Underwriters named below (the "Underwriters"), through their
representatives, Allen & Company Incorporated and Needham & Company, Inc. (the
"Representatives"), have severally agreed, subject to the terms and conditions
of the Underwriting Agreement, to purchase from the Company the number of shares
of Common Stock set forth opposite their names below. The Underwriters are
committed to purchase and pay for all such shares if any are purchased.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME OF UNDERWRITER NUMBER OF SHARES
- --------------------------------------- -----------------
<S> <C>
Allen & Company Incorporated ..........
Needham & Company, Inc. ...............
---------
Total ................................ 2,500,000
=========
</TABLE>
The Representatives have advised the Company that the Underwriters propose
to offer the shares to the public at the offering price set forth on the cover
page of this Prospectus and that the Underwriters may allow certain dealers who
are members of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the "NASD")
concessions of not in excess of $ per share of Common Stock, of which not in
excess of $ may be reallowed to other dealers who are members of the NASD. After
the commencement of the Offering, the public offering price, concession and
reallowance to dealers may be reduced by the Representatives. No such reduction
shall change the amount of proceeds to be received by the Company as set forth
on the cover page of this Prospectus.
In connection with the Offering and after the Offering, the Underwriters
may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the
price of the Common Stock. Specifically, the Underwriters may over allot the
Offering, creating a syndicate short position. In addition, the Underwriters may
bid for and purchase shares of Common Stock in the open market to stabilize the
price of the Common Stock. These activities may stabilize, maintain or otherwise
affect the market price of the Common Stock above independent market levels. The
Underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end these
activities at any time.
The Company has granted to the Underwriters the Over-Allotment Option,
exercisable during the 45-day period after the closing date of the Offering, to
purchase up to an aggregate of 270,000 additional shares of Common Stock at the
initial public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The
Underwriters may exercise such option only for the purpose of covering
over-allotments made in connection with the sale of the Common Stock offered
hereby.
As is customary for such arrangements, the Company has agreed to indemnify
the Underwriters and each person who controls any Underwriter against certain
liabilities in connection with the Registration Statement, such as liabilities
under the Securities Act, including for material misstatements or omissions in
the Registration Statement. In addition, the Underwriters have agreed to
indemnify the Company for such liabilities arising from material misstatements
or omissions in connection with disclosure for which the Underwriters are
responsible. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act may be permitted to the Underwriters, the Underwriters have been
advised that, in the opinion of the Commission, such indemnification is against
public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
The Company has agreed to reimburse the Representatives their out-of-pocket
expenses incurred in connection with the Offering, which are estimated to be
$150,000.
The foregoing discussion of the material terms and provisions of the
Underwriting Agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the detailed
provisions of the Underwriting Agreement, the form of which has been filed as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus forms a part.
45
<PAGE>
The Company, certain of its officers and directors who own shares of Common
Stock and certain other stockholders and option holders of the Company have
executed agreements pursuant to which they have agreed not to offer, pledge,
sell, contract to sell, grant any option for the sale of or otherwise dispose of
any of the Company's securities held by them for a period of 240 days from the
effective date of the Offering, without the prior written consent of Allen,
subject to certain exceptions. See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale."
The Representatives have advised the Company that the Underwriters do not
intend to confirm sales to any account over which they exercise discretionary
authority.
Allen is the Manager-Member of RH LLC and, together with certain of its
officers and affiliates, owns approximately 26% of RH LLC, which beneficially
owns an aggregate of 234,451 units of RIGLP (effectively 710,388 shares of
Common Stock of the Company). RH LLC will be dissolved concurrently with the
consummation of the Offering. See "Certain Transactions" and "Principal
Stockholders." John Simon, a managing director of Allen, may be deemed to be a
beneficial owner of shares of Common Stock held by RH LLC or Allen and serves as
a director of the Company.
Consistent with the rules of the NASD, of which Allen is a member, the
Company may be deemed to be an affiliate of Allen, inasmuch as RH LLC (which
will be dissolved in connection with the Offering) is the beneficial owner of
more than 10% of the Company's Common Stock. The Offering is therefore being
made in conformity with the applicable provisions of such rules, including Rule
2720 of the NASD Conduct Rules. Accordingly, the price of the Shares being
offered hereby is no higher than that recommended by Needham as "qualified
independent underwriter" as defined in the applicable provisions of the rules of
the NASD; in connection with serving in such a capacity, Needham is assuming the
responsibilities of acting as qualified independent underwriter in pricing the
Offering and in exercising the usual standards of due diligence with respect
thereto. As compensation for serving as a Representative, Needham will receive
underwriting discounts and commissions as set forth on the front cover page of
the Prospectus; Needham will not receive any additional compensation for serving
as qualified independent underwriter.
Prior to the Offering, there has been no public market for the Common
Stock. Consequently, the initial public offering price of the shares of Common
Stock offered and sold in the Offering will be determined by negotiation among
the Company and the Representatives and will not necessarily bear any
relationship to the Company's book value, assets, past operating results,
financial condition, or other established criteria of value. Factors to be
considered in determining such price include the nature of the Company's
business, its history and present state of development, an assessment of the
Company's recent financial results and current financial condition, future
prospects of the Company, the qualifications of the Company's management, the
general condition of the securities markets at the time of the Offering, and
other relevant factors.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the Common Stock offered hereby will be passed upon for the
Company by Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, Washington, D.C. Mr. Klein is the
Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and is a partner of Wilmer,
Cutler & Pickering. After the Offering, Mr. Klein will be a 25.6% stockholder of
the Company. See "Management," "Principal Stockholders" and "Certain
Transactions." Certain legal matters in connection with the Offering will be
passed upon for the Underwriters by Werbel & Carnelutti, a Professional
Corporation, New York, New York.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of RIGLP at December 31, 1996 and
1997 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997; the
financial statements of RIGINC at December 31, 1996 and 1997 and for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1997; and the balance sheet of the
Company at February 28, 1998, appearing in this Prospectus and Registration
46
<PAGE>
Statement have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set
forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in
reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in
accounting and auditing.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"),
Washington, D.C. 20549, a Registration Statement on Form S-1, including
amendments thereto, under the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to shares of
Common Stock offered hereby. This Prospectus does not contain all of the
information set forth in the Registration Statement, certain portions of which
have been omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For
further information with respect to the Company and the Common Stock offered
hereby, reference is made to such Registration Statement and to the exhibits and
schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in this Prospectus regarding the
contents of any contract or other documents referred to are not necessarily
complete, and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or
other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each such
statement being deemed to be qualified in its entirety by such reference. The
Registration Statement, including all exhibits and schedules thereto, may be
inspected without charge at the principal office of the SEC, 450 Fifth Street,
N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the regional offices of the SEC located at
Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois
60661-2511 and at Seven World Trade Center, Suite 1300, New York, New York
10048, and copies of all or any part thereof may be obtained from such offices
upon the payment of the prescribed fees. In addition, electronically filed
documents, including reports, proxy and information statements and other
information regarding the Company, can be obtained from the SEC's web site at:
http://www.sec.gov.
As of the effective date of the Registration Statement, the Company will
become subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and, in
accordance therewith, will file reports, proxy statements and other information
with the Commission. The Company intends to furnish its stockholders with annual
reports containing financial statements audited by independent accountants and
other periodic reports as the Company may deem appropriate or as may be required
by law.
The Company intends to furnish its stockholders with annual reports
containing financial statements audited by its independent certified public
accountants and quarterly reports containing unaudited financial statements for
the first three quarters of each fiscal year.
47
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
-----
<S> <C>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Introduction to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements .... F-2
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations ................. F-3
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet ........................... F-4
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements ........... F-5
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
Report of Independent Auditors ................................................. F-7
Balance Sheet .................................................................. F-8
Notes to Balance Sheet ......................................................... F-9
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
Report of Independent Auditors ................................................. F-10
Consolidated Statements of Operations .......................................... F-11
Consolidated Balance Sheets .................................................... F-12
Consolidated Statements of Partners' Capital ................................... F-13
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows .......................................... F-14
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ..................................... F-15
OLD RIG, INC.
Report of Independent Auditors ................................................. F-22
Consolidated Statements of Operations .......................................... F-23
Consolidated Balance Sheets .................................................... F-24
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Deficit ............................... F-25
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows .......................................... F-26
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ..................................... F-27
</TABLE>
F-1
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
INTRODUCTION TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements
give effect to (i) the contribution to Realty Information Group, Inc. (the
"Company") by the holders of units of Realty Information Group, L.P. ("RIGLP")
and the stockholders of OLD RIG, Inc. ("RIGINC") of all of the units of RIGLP
(other than units held by RIGINC) and the capital stock of RIGINC in return for
certain shares of Common Stock of the Company, and (ii) the Company's planned
initial public offering of 2,500,000 shares of Common Stock.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet gives effect to
the formation of the Company as if it had occurred on March 31, 1998. The
unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations gives effect to
the transactions as if they had occurred on January 1, 1997.
Unless otherwise specified, the information in the unaudited pro forma
condensed combined financial statements (a) assumes that the Underwriters'
Over-Allotment Option is not exercised, (b) gives effect to the contribution to
the Company of all of the outstanding equity interests in its predecessors in
exchange for the Company's shares at a rate of 3.03 shares of Company Common
Stock for each unit of RIGLP and share of RIGINC.
The pro forma adjustments are based on estimates, available information and
certain assumptions and may be revised as additional information becomes
available. The pro forma financial data do not necessarily represent what the
Company's financial position or results of operations would actually have been
if such transactions in fact had occurred on those dates or the results of
operations for any future period. The unaudited pro forma combined financial
statements should be read in conjunction with Management's Discussion and
Analysis and the other financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere
in this Prospectus.
F-2
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
-------------------------------------------------------------------
REALTY PRO FORMA
INFORMATION ADJUSTMENTS PRO FORMA
GROUP, INC. RIGINC (SEE NOTE 3) COMBINED
------------- --------------- --------------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues ....................................... -- $ 7,899,940 -- $ 7,899,940
Cost of revenues ............................... -- 3,412,593 $ -- 3,412,593
------------- ------------ -------------- ------------
Gross margin .................................. -- 4,487,347 -- 4,487,347
Operating expenses ............................. -- 7,786,430 -- 7,786,430
------------- ------------ -------------- ------------
Income (loss) from operations ................. -- (3,299,083) -- (3,299,083)
Other income (expense) ......................... -- 33,537 (24,000)(a) 9,537
Minority interest-net loss allocated to limited
partners of RIGLP ............................. -- 1,473,252 (1,473,252)(b) --
------------- ------------ -------------- ------------
Net income (loss) ............................. -- $ (1,792,294) $ (1,497,252) $ (3,289,546)
============= ============ ============== ============
Basic earnings (loss) per share ................ $ (.57)
============
Weighted average shares outstanding ............ 5,754,017
============
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------
REALTY PRO FORMA
INFORMATION ADJUSTMENTS PRO FORMA
GROUP, INC. RIGINC (SEE NOTE 3) COMBINED
------------- ------------- ------------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues ....................................... $2,839,023 $ $2,839,023
Cost of revenues ............................... -- 904,328 904,328
-- ---------- ----------
Gross margin .................................. -- 1,934,695 1,934,695
Operating expenses ............................. -- 2,280,678 2,280,678
-- ---------- ----------
Income (loss) from operations ................. -- (345,983) (345,983)
Other income (expense) ......................... -- (38,135) 43,550 (a) 5,415
Minority interest-net loss allocated to limited
partners of RIGLP ............................. -- 172,853 (172,853)(b) --
-- ---------- ------------ ----------
Net income (loss) ............................. -- $ (211,265) $ (129,303) $ (340,568)
== ========== ============ ==========
Basic earnings (loss) per share ................ $ (.06)
==========
Weighted average shares outstanding ............ 5,754,017
==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-3
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
AS OF MARCH 31, 1998
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
REALTY PRO FORMA
INFORMATION ADJUSTMENTS
GROUP, INC. RIGINC (SEE NOTE 3)
------------- --------------- ---------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents .............................. -- $ 865,654 $ --
Accounts receivable, net ............................... -- 1,462,271 --
Prepaid expenses and other current assets .............. -- 540,443 --
-- ------------- --------------
Total current assets ................................. -- 2,868,368
Property and equipment, net ............................ -- 1,338,980 --
Capitalized product development costs, net ............. -- 1,244,387 --
Other assets, net ...................................... -- 1,771,257 --
Deposits ............................................... -- 91,469 --
------------- --------------
Total assets ......................................... -- $ 7,314,461 --
== ============= ==============
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accounts payable and accrued expenses .................. -- $ 1,481,404 $ --
Deferred revenue ....................................... -- 1,645,545 --
Line of credit ......................................... -- 1,000,000 --
Subordinated debt to stockholder ....................... -- 650,000
-------------
Total current liabilities ............................ -- 4,776,949
Minority interest -- RIGLP limited partners' equity..... -- 6,368,884 (6,368,884)(c)
Stockholders' equity ................................... -- (3,831,372) 6,368,884 (c)
-- ------------- --------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ........... -- $ 7,314,461 $ --
== ============= ==============
<CAPTION>
PRO FORMA
OFFERING PRO FORMA
PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS AS
COMBINED (SEE NOTE 3) ADJUSTED
-------------- ------------------------ --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents .............................. $ 865,654 $ 20,550,000 (d) $21,415,654
Accounts receivable, net ............................... 1,462,271 1,462,271
Prepaid expenses and other current assets .............. 540,443 -- 540,443
----------- ---------------- -----------
Total current assets ................................. 2,868,368 20,550,000 23,418,368
Property and equipment, net ............................ 1,338,980 -- 1,338,980
Capitalized product development costs, net ............. 1,244,387 -- 1,244,387
Other assets, net ...................................... 1,771,257 -- 1,771,257
Deposits ............................................... 91,469 -- 91,469
----------- ---------------- -----------
Total assets ......................................... $ 7,314,461 $ 20,550,000 $27,864,461
=========== ================ ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accounts payable and accrued expenses .................. $ 1,481,404 $ -- $ 1,481,404
Deferred revenue ....................................... 1,645,545 -- 1,645,545
Line of credit ......................................... 1,000,000 (1,000,000) --
Subordinated debt to stockholder ....................... 650,000 (650,000) --
----------- ---------------- -----------
Total current liabilities ............................ 4,776,949 (1,650,000) (d) 3,126,949
Minority interest -- RIGLP limited partners' equity..... -- -- --
Stockholders' equity ................................... 2,537,512 22,200,000 (d) 24,737,512
----------- ---------------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ........... $ 7,314,461 $ 20,550,000 $27,864,461
=========== ================ ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-4
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. GENERAL
The Company was formed in February 1998 to succeed its predecessors, RIGLP
and RIGINC in connection with an initial public offering of its common stock.
The predecessors, RIGLP and RIGINC, will be combined on a historical cost basis
with the Company as an exchange of interests of entities under common control.
The Company will consummate a series of related transactions in connection
with the Offering. Pursuant to a Contribution Agreement effective March 5, 1998
(the "RIG Contribution Agreement"), RIGLP and RIGINC will be consolidated with
the Company. Limited partners of RIGLP (other than RIGINC) and all of the
stockholders of RIGINC will receive 3.03 shares of the Common Stock of the
Company per each limited partnership unit or share of common stock exchanged.
See "Certain Transactions." As a result, the Company will own (directly or
indirectly) all of the capital stock of RIGINC and all of the equity of RIGLP.
The historical financial statements included in the unaudited pro forma
condensed combined balance sheet and statement of operations were derived from
the separate financial statements of the Company and RIGINC (including its
consolidated subsidiary, RIGLP) as of December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1998 and
for the year and the three months then ended. The related audited and unaudited
historical financial statements are included elsewhere herein and should be read
in conjunction with these pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
2. PRO FORMA ADUSTMENTS
The pro forma adjustments reflect the consolidation of the Company and its
predecessors. The offering adjustments reflect the issuance of common stock of
the Company and the net proceeds from the initial public offering. The
adjustments are as follows:
Pro forma condensed combined statement of operations:
(a) A charge of $50,000 for financing costs is recorded to recognize
45,450 warrants issued in connection with the subordinated debt
of the Company. Such warrants are exerciseable at 10% below the
price of the stock in an initial public offering. The fair value
of each warrant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Minimum Value option-pricing model with the following
weighted-average assumptions: dividend yield of 0%; risk-free
interest rate of approximately 6.0%; and expected life of 1 year.
This charge is offset by the net reduction of $26,000 in interest
expense of RIGLP due to the planned repayment of debt from
offering proceeds. This results in a net charge of $24,000 for
the year ended December 31, 1997. The reduction in interest
expense for the three months ended March 31, 1998 is $43,550.
(b) Minority interest-net loss allocated to limited partners of RIGLP
recorded in the accounts of RIGINC is eliminated.
Pro forma condensed combined balance sheet:
(c) Minority interest -- RIGLP limited partners' equity recorded in
the accounts of RIGINC is eliminated.
F-5
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (CONTINUED )
Offering adjustment:
(d) Assuming an initial public offering price of $10.00 per share,
the proceeds of the initial public offering amounting to
approximately $22,200,000, net of expenses of the offering
estimated at $1,050,000, are used initially to eliminate debts of
RIGLP and RIGINC including the line of credit and subordinated
debt to a partner of RIGLP. The total elimination of debt is
estimated at $1,650,000 resulting in an increase in cash of the
Company from the Offering, after repayment of debt, of
$20,550,000.
4. WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
Includes 1,899,015 shares or units of the Company's predecessors
converted at a rate of 3.03 shares per share of RIGINC or unit of
RIGLP as if such shares were outstanding for the entire period.
Stock options and warrants outstanding have been excluded from
the calculation because their effect is anti-dilutive.
F-6
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Board of Directors
Realty Information Group, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Realty Information Group,
Inc. as of February 28, 1998. This financial statement is the responsibility of
the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this
financial statement based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statement referred to above presents fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Realty Information Group,
Inc. at February 28, 1998, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
-------------------------
Washington, D.C.
March 12, 1998
F-7
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
BALANCE SHEET
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FEBRUARY 28, MARCH 31,
1998 1998
-------------- ------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C>
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares autho-
rized, none issued ................................... $ -- $ --
Common stock, $.01 par value, 30,000,000 shares autho-
rized, no shares issued and outstanding .............. -- --
---- ----
Additional paid-in capital ............................. -- --
---- ----
Total stockholders' equity .............................. $ -- $ --
==== ====
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-8
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO BALANCE SHEET
1. ORGANIZATION
Realty Information Group, Inc. (the "Company") was formed in February 1998
to succeed its predecessors, Realty Information Group, L.P. ("RIGLP") and OLD
RIG, Inc. ("RIGINC") in connection with an initial public offering of its common
stock. The Company has not commenced operations, and all activities to date have
related to its organization and the initial public offering. The Company is
dependent upon the initial public offering to succeed its predecessor companies.
Therefore, there is no assurance that the transactions will be completed.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the associated amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the
estimates.
Unaudited Balance Sheet
The balance sheet as of March 31, 1998 is unaudited. In the opinion of
management, such balance sheet reflects all adjustments necessary for a fair
presentation.
3. PLANNED TRANSACTIONS
The Company has entered into the Agreement and Plan of Contribution with
RIGINC and RIGLP, (the "Agreement"), in which the various entities will
contribute their stock or partnership units to the Company in exchange for a
distribution of the common stock of the Company contingent upon the closing of
the initial public offering. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company intends to
undertake an initial public offering of its common stock. In March, 1998, the
Company filed a registration statement on Form S-1 for the initial public
offering of its common stock. The offering costs will be netted against the
proceeds of the offering.
F-9
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Partners of
Realty Information Group, L.P.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Realty
Information Group, L.P. as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, partners' capital and cash flows for the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1997. These financial statements
are the responsibility of the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Realty
Information Group, L.P. at December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the results of its
operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Washington, D.C.
February 10, 1998
F-10
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED MARCH 31,
----------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
1995 1996 1997 1997 1998
--------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------- -------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues ........................... $2,061,526 $ 4,335,966 $ 7,899,940 $1,555,473 $2,839,023
Cost of revenues ................... 930,570 2,188,136 3,412,593 717,398 904,328
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Gross margin ....................... 1,130,956 2,147,830 4,487,347 838,075 1,934,695
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing ............. 566,548 2,711,823 4,373,914 862,658 1,264,454
Software development .............. 247,800 254,177 395,077 103,062 117,688
General and administrative ........ 1,180,090 1,863,236 3,017,439 672,068 898,536
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Total operating expenses ........... 1,994,438 4,829,236 7,786,430 1,637,788 2,280,678
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Loss from operations ............... (863,482) (2,681,406) (3,299,083) (799,713) (345,983)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense ................... (25,950) (2,323) (26,421) -- (43,550)
Interest income .................... 70,849 29,642 48,743 24,667 5,415
Other income ....................... 34,319 21,858 11,215 6,402 --
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Net loss ........................... $ (784,264) $(2,632,229) $(3,265,546) $(768,644) $(384,118)
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
Net loss allocated to general part-
ners ............................ $ (636,096) $(1,766,764) $(1,792,294) $(418,806) $(211,265)
Net loss allocated to limited part-
ners ............................ $ (148,168) $ (865,465) $(1,473,252) $(349,838) $(172,853)
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Pro forma loss per share:
Net loss .......................... $ (784,264) (2,632,229) $(3,265,546) $(768,644) $(384,118)
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
Loss per share .................... $ (.30) $ (.60) $ (.57) $ (.14) $ (.07)
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
Weighted average common shares..... 2,595,725 4,387,590 5,722,432 5,659,872 5,754,017
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-11
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------- MARCH 31,
1996 1997 1998
------------- ------------- --------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ............................. $3,326,367 $1,068,835 $ 865,654
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful ac-
counts of $90,000, $151,000 and $219,000 as of De-
cember 31, 1996 and 1997 and March 31, 1998 ......... 865,535 1,021,345 1,462,271
Prepaid expenses and other current assets ............. 56,439 26,601 540,443
---------- ---------- ----------
Total current assets ................................... 4,248,341 2,116,781 2,868,368
Property and equipment:
Leasehold improvements ................................ 84,950 111,623 114,043
Furniture and equipment ............................... 503,067 623,417 693,594
Computer hardware and software ........................ 991,117 1,366,687 1,424,238
---------- ---------- ----------
1,579,134 2,101,727 2,231,875
Accumulated depreciation ............................... (446,430) (799,763) (892,895)
---------- ---------- ----------
1,132,704 1,301,964 1,338,980
Capitalized product development costs, net of accumu-
lated amortization of $256,000, 514,000 and $626,000
as of December 31, 1996 and 1997 and March 31,
1998 .................................................. 919,749 1,261,974 1,244,387
Other assets (Note 4) .................................. 1,271,258 1,796,356 1,771,257
Deposits ............................................... 97,819 104,510 91,469
---------- ---------- ----------
Total assets ........................................... $7,669,871 $6,581,585 $7,314,461
========== ========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable ...................................... $ 405,939 $ 355,416 536,082
Accrued wages and commissions ......................... 348,644 368,667 534,996
Accrued expenses ...................................... 276,398 387,428 410,326
Deferred revenue ...................................... 969,243 902,575 1,645,545
Line of credit ........................................ -- 1,000,000 1,000,000
Subordinated debt to partner .......................... -- 650,000 650,000
---------- ---------- ----------
Total current liabilities .............................. 2,000,224 3,664,086 4,776,949
Redeemable limited partners' capital ................... 200,000 200,000 200,000
Partners' capital ...................................... 5,469,647 2,717,499 2,337,512
---------- ---------- ----------
Total liabilities and partners' capital ................ $7,669,871 $6,581,585 $7,314,461
========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-12
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GENERAL LIMITED TOTAL
PARTNERS' PARTNERS' PARTNERS'
EQUITY EQUITY EQUITY
---------------- --------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1994 ............................... $ (430,216) $ 196,066 $ (234,150)
Capital contributions (net of fees of $79,845)............. -- 3,345,155 3,345,155
Net loss .................................................. (636,096) (148,168) (784,264)
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1995 ............................... (1,066,312) 3,393,053 2,326,741
Capital contributions (net of fees of $271,624)............ 705,263 4,115,543 4,820,806
Partnership units issued for acquisition .................. -- 1,200,000 1,200,000
Note receivable from limited partner ...................... -- (45,671) (45,671)
Net loss .................................................. (1,766,764) (865,465) (2,632,229)
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 ............................... (2,127,813) 7,797,460 5,669,647
Non cash compensation ..................................... 300,000 -- 300,000
Partnership units issued for acquisition .................. -- 205,940 205,940
Reduction of note receivable from limited partner ......... -- 7,458 7,458
Net loss .................................................. (1,792,294) (1,473,252) (3,265,546)
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1997 ............................... (3,620,107) 6,537,606 2,917,499
------------ ------------ ------------
Reduction of note receivable from limited partner ......... -- 4,131 4,131
Net loss .................................................. (211,265) (172,853) (384,118)
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance at March 31, 1998 (unaudited) ...................... $ (3,831,372) $ 6,368,884 $ 2,537,512
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-13
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------------- ---------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Operating activities:
Net loss ......................................... $ (784,264) $ (2,632,229) $ (3,265,546)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities:
Depreciation ................................... 107,090 212,030 353,333
Amortization ................................... 92,207 266,986 487,144
Loss on sale of property and equipment ......... 8,302 -- --
Provision for losses on accounts receivable..... 23,000 30,000 61,343
Non cash compensation charges .................. -- -- 157,459
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable .......................... (112,162) (470,117) (217,153)
Prepaid expenses and other current as-
sets ........................................ (25,018) (22,942) 29,838
Deposits ..................................... (38,186) (33,152) (6,691)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 175,893 667,649 230,530
Deferred revenue ............................. 99,609 157,410 (66,668)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating ac-
tivities ....................................... (453,529) (1,824,365) (2,236,411)
Investing activities:
Net purchases of property and equipment .......... (635,965) (631,385) (522,592)
Capitalization of product development costs ...... (432,683) (347,065) (600,670)
Acquisitions (net of acquired cash) .............. -- 25,924 (547,859)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used in investing activities ............ (1,068,648) (952,526) (1,671,121)
Financing activities:
Payments on related party note and accrued
interest ....................................... (627,150) -- --
Proceeds from line of credit ..................... -- -- 1,000,000
Proceeds from subordinated debt to partner ....... -- -- 650,000
Net proceeds from capital contributions .......... 3,345,155 4,775,135 --
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by financing activities ........ 2,718,005 4,775,135 1,650,000
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equiv-
alents ......................................... 1,195,828 1,998,244 (2,257,532)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of pe-
riod ........................................... 132,295 1,328,123 3,326,367
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period ....... $ 1,328,123 $ 3,326,367 $ 1,068,835
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
AT MARCH 31,
----------------------------
1997 1998
--------------- ------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C>
Operating activities:
Net loss ......................................... $ (768,644) $ (384,118)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities:
Depreciation ................................... 80,966 93,132
Amortization ................................... 99,772 137,305
Loss on sale of property and equipment ......... -- --
Provision for losses on accounts receivable..... 12,206 46,935
Non cash compensation charges .................. 2,193 4,131
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable .......................... 112,670 (487,861)
Prepaid expenses and other current as-
sets ........................................ (2,057) (513,842)
Deposits ..................................... (4,589) 13,041
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 299,427 369,893
Deferred revenue ............................. (59,230) 742,970
------------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating ac-
tivities ....................................... (227,286) 21,586
Investing activities:
Net purchases of property and equipment .......... (249,228) (130,149)
Capitalization of product development costs ...... (143,110) (94,618)
Acquisitions (net of acquired cash) .............. (547,859)
-------------
Net cash used in investing activities ............ (940,197) (224,767)
Financing activities:
Payments on related party note and accrued
interest ....................................... -- --
Proceeds from line of credit ..................... -- --
Proceeds from subordinated debt to partner ....... -- --
Net proceeds from capital contributions .......... -- --
------------- ----------
Net cash provided by financing activities ........ -- --
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equiv-
alents ......................................... (1,167,483) (203,181)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of pe-
riod ........................................... 3,326,367 1,068,835
------------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period ....... $ 2,158,884 $ 865,654
============= ==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-14
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION
Realty Information Group, L.P. ("RIGLP") has created a proprietary database
(the "Database") of comprehensive office and industrial real estate information
in seven major metropolitan areas throughout the United States. In addition, the
Company has developed a portfolio of multimedia software products that allow
clients to access the Database. The Database and software products are
distributed to its clients under license agreements which are typically one to
three years in duration.
Pursuant to the partnership agreement, the term of RIGLP will continue
until December 31, 2094. Generally, the profits and losses of RIGLP will be
allocated to the partners in proportion to their respective partnership
percentages, which are generally based on contributions to RIGLP. There are
certain limitations on the allocation of partnership losses such that any
limited partner can not have a capital account deficit. The partnership
agreement specifies that RIGLP shall have the option to require the initial
limited partner to sell its partnership interest to RIGLP for fair value during
the period from November 1, 2004 through November 30, 2004. Additionally, the
agreement specifies that during this same period, the initial limited partner
has the right to require RIGLP to repurchase its limited partnership interest
for fair value.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements of RIGLP include the accounts of New
Market Systems, Inc. ("NMS") acquired on March 1, 1997 (Note 3).
Unaudited Interim Statements
The consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 1998 and for the
three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1997 are unaudited. In the opinion of
management, such financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary for a
fair presentation of the results of the respective interim periods. All such
adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 1995 and 1996 financial statements have been
reclassified to conform with the 1997 presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the associated amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the
estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from the sale of licenses to the proprietary software and the
Database is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the license,
which is typically from one to three years.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
RIGLP's cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid instruments
purchased with an original maturity of less than three months.
F-15
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - (CONTINUED)
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are stated at
cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives
of three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of
the related lease term or the useful life.
Capitalized Product Development Costs
Initial costs to develop and produce the Database and software products,
including direct labor, contractors and applicable overhead are capitalized from
the time technological feasibility is determined until product release. Prior to
technological feasibility, such costs are classified as software development and
expensed as incurred. Amortization of capitalized costs is based on the greater
of the amount computed using (a) the ratio of current gross revenues to the sum
of current and anticipated gross revenues, or (b) the straight-line method over
the remaining estimated economic life of the product, typically five years after
product release. Included in amortization is approximately $75,000, $181,000,
$287,000 and $112,000 of expense related to the capitalized product development
costs for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and the three months
ended March 31, 1998, respectively.
Intangible Assets
The value assigned to the customer base acquired through the purchase of
NMS and Chicago Resource, Inc., and goodwill, resulting from the purchase of
Space Datagraphics Systems, Inc., in December 1994, are being amortized on a
straight-line basis over ten years. RIGLP continuously evaluates and adjusts, if
necessary, the net realizable value of these assets.
Income Taxes
RIGLP is a partnership for federal income tax purposes under which income,
losses, deductions and credits are allocated to and reported by the partners on
their individual income tax returns. Accordingly, no provision for income tax
has been recorded in the financial statements. Upon the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (see note 10), the partnership will become
part of Realty Information Group, Inc., the successor, and will be taxed as a
C-Corporation. Had the Partnership operated as a C-Corporation for the year
ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and the three months ended March 31,
1998, their would be no income taxes recorded as a result of the losses for the
periods. NMS is a corporation which provides for income taxes under the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109. As of
December 31, 1997, NMS had net loss carryforwards of approximately $522,000. A
valuation allowance has been established against the related net deferred tax
asset in its entirety.
Unit Based Compensation
In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" which is effective for the RIGLP's financial statements after
1995. SFAS No. 123 allows companies to account for stock-based compensation
under the provisions of either SFAS No. 123 or Accounting Principles Board
("APB") Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", with pro
forma disclosure as if the measurement provision of SFAS No. 123 had been
adopted. RIGLP applies these principles and accounts for its unit based
compensation in accordance with the provisions of APB No. 25. As such, the
adoption of SFAS No. 123 does not impact the financial position or results of
operations of RIGLP.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Such costs included in selling
and marketing expense totaled approximately $125,698, $203,659, $397,966 and
$53,908 for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996, and 1997 and the three
months ended March 31, 1998, respectively.
F-16
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - (CONTINUED)
Concentration of Credit Risk
RIGLP performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers' financial
condition and generally does not require collateral. RIGLP maintains reserves
for credit losses, and such losses have been within management's expectations.
The credit risk in accounts receivable is mitigated by the large and widespread
customer base and lack of dependence on individual customers. The carrying
amount of the accounts receivable approximates their net realizable value.
Recent Pronouncements
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 130 ("SFAS 130"), "Comprehensive Income",
which is required to be adopted for the year ended December 31, 1998. SFAS 130
requires that an enterprise (a) classify items of other comprehensive income by
their nature in the financial statements and (b) display the accumulated balance
of other comprehensive income separately from retained earnings and additional
paid-in capital in the Statements of Stockholders' Deficit. The implementation
of SFAS 130, "Comprehensive Income", information on the financial statements is
not expected to be material. For all periods presented, including the three
months ended March 31, 1998, RIGLP had no items of comprehensive income and,
accordingly, the Statement does not apply.
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 ("SFAS 131"), "Disclosures about Segments
of an Enterprise and Related Information", which is required to be adopted for
the year ended December 31, 1998. SFAS 131 changes the way public companies
report segment information in annual financial statements and also requires
those companies to report selected segment information in interim financial
reports to stockholders. The disclosure for segment information on the financial
statements is not expected to be material.
In October 1997, the AICPA issued SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition,
which changes the requirements for revenue recognition effective for
transactions that the Company will enter into beginning January 1, 1998. The
implementation of SOP 97-2 is not expected to have a material effect on the
financial statements of RIGLP. As of January 1, 1998 the Company adopted AICPA
SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, which was effective for transactions
that RIGLP entered into in 1998. Prior years were not restated. The effect of
adopting SOP97-2 was not material in the financial statements of RIGLP. In March
1998, AcSEC issued SOP98-4 which defers for one year the implementation of
certain provision of SOP 97-2. The issuance of SOP 98-4 had no effect on RIGLP.
Pro Forma Loss Per Share
Pro Forma loss per share information is presented as if the Partnership had
operated as a C-Corporation for all periods presented. In February 1997, the
Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 128, "Earnings Per
Share". All pro forma earnings per share amounts for all periods have been
presented to conform to the Statement 128 requirements.
F-17
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED )
3. ACQUISITIONS
On April 1, 1996, RIGLP expanded to the Chicago area by purchasing
substantially all of the assets and liabilities of Chicago ReSource, Inc.
("CRI"), through the issuance of 114,640.55 partnership units valued at
$1,200,000. On March 1, 1997 RIGLP expanded to the San Francisco area through a
purchase of 99.3% of the outstanding shares of New Market Systems, Inc. ("NMS"),
a California corporation, through the exchange of 14,710 partnership units
valued at $206,000 and payment of $550,000 in cash. The accompanying statements
of operations reflect the operating results of CRI and NMS since the effective
date of the acquisition. Except for cash acquired, these transactions have been
excluded from the statements of cash flows and have been accounted for using
purchase accounting.
The pro forma unaudited results of operations for the years ended December
31, 1996 and 1997, assuming the purchase of CRI and NMS had been consummated as
of January 1 of each year, respectively, are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Revenues ................. $ 4,576,000 $ 7,960,000
============= =============
Net loss ................. $ (2,810,000) $ (3,386,000)
============= =============
</TABLE>
4. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consists of intangible assets as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, MARCH 31,
------------------------------- -------------
1996 1997 1998
-------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Acquired contracts ............... $ 1,286,259 $ 2,041,289 $2,041,289
Accumulated Amortization ......... 78,614 301,912 325,353
----------- ----------- ----------
$ 1,207,645 $ 1,739,377 $1,715,936
----------- ----------- ----------
Goodwill ......................... $ 78,667 $ 79,979 $ 79,979
Accumulated Amortization ......... 15,054 23,000 24,658
----------- ----------- ----------
63,613 56,979 55,321
----------- ----------- ----------
$ 1,271,258 $ 1,796,356 $1,771,257
=========== =========== ==========
</TABLE>
5. LINE OF CREDIT
In October, 1997, RIGLP entered into a $1,000,000 line of credit agreement
with Silicon Valley East (a Division of Silicon Valley Bank). The line bears
interest at the bank's prime rate plus 2%, and has a one year term. Borrowings
under the line are secured by the assets of RIGLP. RIGLP is in compliance at
December 31, 1997, with the terms of the line of credit agreement which includes
covenants requiring minimum cash, working capital and partners' capital amounts,
and limits operating losses of RIGLP. At December 31, 1997, $1,000,000 of
borrowings were outstanding under the line. Interest paid in 1997 totaled
$17,760.
F-18
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED )
6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During 1997, the general partner of RIGLP obtained a commitment from a
partner for an additional $1,000,000 of subordinated, unsecured credit, bearing
interest at a rate equal to that of the line of credit. In connection with the
commitment, the individual contributing partner has received warrants for the
purchase of 15,000 shares of stock of the general partner, exerciseable only in
the event of an initial public offering or an equity funding in excess of $5.0
million ("a triggering event"). The warrants have a two year term beyond the
triggering event and provide for the purchase of an equivalent number of shares
at a price of 10% less than the price of the stock sold in an initial public
offering or an equity funding in excess of $5.0 million. At December 31, 1997,
$650,000 of borrowings were outstanding under the commitment and have been
advanced to RIGLP. Interest paid in 1997 totaled $8,055.
Commencing in May 1995 RIGLP agreed to pay an investor $10,000 per month
and the Chairman of RIGLP $6,667 per month for consulting services. During 1995,
1996 and 1997, RIGLP incurred fees of approximately $130,000, $200,000 and
$200,000, respectively, related to such consulting services.
7. COMMITMENTS
RIGLP leases office space and equipment under operating lease agreements
which expire at various dates through the year 2001. Lease agreements provide
for various renewal terms and reimbursement of taxes, maintenance, insurance and
other occupancy expenses applicable to the leased premises or property. In
addition, RIGLP, as lessor, also subleases a portion of its office space to
another tenant under a cancelable lease.
At December 31, 1997, future minimum lease payments under operating leases
are as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1998 ........................ $ 869,100
1999 ........................ 738,100
2000 ........................ 460,000
2001 ........................ 90,600
2002 and thereafter ......... 70,000
----------
$ 2,227,800
===========
</TABLE>
Rent expense was approximately $201,000, $525,000 and $766,000 and rental
income was approximately $23,000, $46,000 and $0 for the years ended December
31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
8. SALES OF PARTNERSHIP UNITS
During 1995 RIGLP sold 327,780 limited partnership units to two investors
for total net proceeds of approximately $3.3 million. The transaction granted
the investors liquidation preferences of the investment plus a 6% per annum
return in the event of a liquidation. In addition, beginning April 15, 1999
through April 15, 2001, the transaction allows the investors to liquidate their
investments under a range of alternative strategies and exit transactions. The
proceeds of the transaction were used to retire a related party note payable and
to fund RIGLP's working capital needs.
On December 3, 1996, RIGLP completed a private placement (the "Private
Placement") in which RIGLP raised approximately $5.0 million through the sale of
338,580.2 partnership units. The proceeds of the transaction were used to fund
RIGLP's working capital needs and the NMS acquisitions.
In May 1997, RIGLP issued 21,428 partnership units valued at $300,000 to
provide compensation to an officer, $150,000 of which had been accrued at
December 31, 1996.
F-19
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED )
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Unit Option Plan
In March 1996 RIGLP adopted the 1996 Unit Option and Unit Purchase Plan
(the "Plan"), under which 200,000 partnership units were reserved for issuance
upon the exercise of options granted to officers, executive personnel, directors
and key employees. Certain options previously granted were included in the Plan.
The option plan is administered by the Board of Directors of RIGINC. Options are
granted at prices which the Board of Directors of RIGINC believes approximate
the fair market value of its limited partnership units. Individual grants become
exercisable over a period of three years from the date of grant. The contractual
term of the options range from three to ten years from the date of grant.
Unit option activity was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
WEIGHTED-
NUMBER OF AVERAGE
UNITS PRICE PER UNIT EXERCISE PRICE
----------- ---------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at December 31, 1994 ......... 26,000 $ 5.00 $ 5.00
Granted ................................. 55,480 $ 10.45 $ 10.45
Exercised ............................... --
Canceled or expired ..................... --
------
Outstanding at December 31, 1995 ......... 81,480 $ 8.71
Granted ................................. 42,000 $ 10.45 $ 10.45
Exercised ............................... (10,000) $ 5.00 $ 5.00
Canceled or expired ..................... --
-------
Outstanding at December 31, 1996 ......... 113,480 $ 9.68
Granted ................................. 23,000 $ 12.34-$14.00 $ 13.28
Exercised ...............................
Canceled or expired ..................... (5,000) $ 10.45 $ 10.45
-------
Outstanding at December 31, 1997 ......... 131,480 $ 10.28
=======
Exercisable at December 31, 1997 ......... 82,277 $ 9.39
=======
Exercisable at December 31, 1996 ......... 57,740 $ 8.94
=======
Exercisable at December 31, 1995 ......... 21,870 $ 8.46
=======
</TABLE>
During 1996 RIGLP adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for the Plan. Had
compensation expense related to the Plan been determined based on the fair value
at the grant date for options granted in 1995, 1996 and 1997 consistent with the
provisions of SFAS No. 123, RIGLP's pro forma net loss would have been $817,408,
$2,690,009 and $3,337,420 as of December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
Such pro forma results are not representative of the effects on operations for
future years.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using
the Minimum Value option-pricing model with the following weighted-average
assumptions: dividend yield of 0%; risk-free interest rate of approximately
6.0%; and expected life of 3 years for 1995 grants and 4 years for 1996 and 1997
grants.
F-20
<PAGE>
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS - (CONTINUED)
The following table summarizes information regarding unit options
outstanding at December 31, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF WEIGHTED
OPTIONS AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICE OUTSTANDING CONTRACTUAL LIFE
- ---------------------------- ------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
$ 5.00.................... 16,000 1.9
$ 10.45................... 92,480 2.6
$ 12.34................... 10,000 4.2
$ 14.00................... 13,000 4.4
</TABLE>
Employee 401(k) Plan
Effective January 1, 1997, RIGLP established a 401(k) Plan (the "401(k)")
to provide retirement benefits for eligible employees. The 401(k) provides for
tax deferred contributions of between 1% and 15% of employees' salaries, limited
to a maximum annual amount as established by the Internal Revenue Service. RIGLP
matches 25% of employee contributions up to a maximum of 6% of total
compensation. Amounts contributed to the 401(k) by RIGLP to match employee
contributions were $27,808 in 1997.
10. MANAGEMENT PLANS
Related to a filing of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 by Realty
Information Group, Inc., a newly formed successor corporation, RIGLP anticipates
entering into an Agreement and Plan of Contribution ("Agreement") by and among
Realty Information Group, Inc., RIGLP and RIGINC, to contribute all of RIGLP's
outstanding partnership units (other than those held by the general partner) to
Realty Information Group, Inc. in exchange for common stock of Realty
Information Group, Inc.
F-21
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Board of Directors
OLD RIG, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of OLD RIG,
Inc. as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the related consolidated statements
of operations, stockholders' deficit and cash flows for the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1997. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of OLD RIG, Inc.
at December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997, in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Washington, D.C.
March 12, 1998
F-22
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED MARCH 31,
--------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
1995 1996 1997 1997 1998
------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------- -------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues .............................. $2,061,526 $ 4,335,966 $ 7,899,940 $1,555,473 $2,839,023
Cost of revenues ...................... 930,570 2,188,136 3,412,593 717,398 904,328
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Gross margin .......................... 1,130,956 2,147,830 4,487,347 838,075 1,934,695
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing ................ 566,548 2,711,823 4,373,914 862,658 1,264,454
Software development ................. 247,800 254,177 395,077 103,062 117,688
General and administrative ........... 1,180,090 1,863,236 3,017,439 672,068 898,536
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Total operating expenses .............. 1,994,438 4,829,236 7,786,430 1,637,788 2,280,678
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Loss from operations .................. (863,482) (2,681,406) (3,299,083) (799,713) (345,983)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense ...................... (25,950) (2,323) (26,421) -- (43,550)
Interest income ....................... 70,849 29,642 48,743 24,667 5,415
Other income .......................... 34,319 21,858 11,215 6,402 --
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Loss before minority interest ......... (784,264) (2,632,229) (3,265,546) (768,644) (384,118)
Minority interest-net loss allocated to
limited partners of RIGLP ............ 148,168 865,465 1,473,252 349,838 172,853
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Net loss .............................. $(636,096) $(1,766,764) $(1,792,294) $(418,806) $(211,265)
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
Pro forma loss per share:
Loss per share ....................... $ (.22) $ (.60) $ (.57) $ (.14) $ (.07)
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
Weighted average common shares ....... 2,841,479 2,947,655 3,143,063 3,099,778 3,164,705
========== =========== =========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-23
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------- MARCH 31,
1996 1997 1998
--------------- --------------- --------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ............................... $ 3,326,367 $ 1,068,835 $ 865,654
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful ac-
counts of $90,000, $151,000 and $219,000 as of De-
cember 31, 1996 and 1997 and March 31, 1998 ........... 865,535 1,021,345 1,462,271
Prepaid expenses and other current assets ............... 56,439 26,601 540,443
------------ ------------ ------------
Total current assets ..................................... 4,248,341 2,116,781 2,868,368
Property and equipment:
Leasehold improvements .................................. 84,950 111,623 114,043
Furniture and equipment ................................. 503,067 623,417 693,594
Computer hardware and software .......................... 991,117 1,366,687 1,424,238
------------ ------------ ------------
1,579,134 2,101,727 2,231,875
Accumulated depreciation ................................. (446,430) (799,763) (892,895)
------------ ------------ ------------
1,132,704 1,301,964 1,338,980
Capitalized product development costs, net of accumu-
lated amortization of $256,000, $514,000 and $626,000
as of December 31, 1996 and 1997 and March 31,
1998 .................................................... 919,749 1,261,974 1,244,387
Other assets (Note 4) .................................... 1,271,258 1,796,356 1,771,257
Deposits ................................................. 97,819 104,510 91,469
------------ ------------ ------------
Total assets ............................................. $ 7,669,871 $ 6,581,585 $ 7,314,461
============ ============ ============
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable ........................................ $ 405,939 $ 355,416 536,082
Accrued wages and commissions ........................... 348,644 368,667 534,996
Accrued expenses ........................................ 276,398 387,428 410,326
Deferred revenue ........................................ 969,243 902,575 1,645,545
Line of credit .......................................... -- 1,000,000 1,000,000
Note payable to a shareholder ........................... -- 650,000 650,000
------------ ------------ ------------
Total current liabilities ................................ 2,000,224 3,664,086 4,776,949
Minority interest-RIGLP Limited Partners' Equity ......... 7,797,460 6,537,606 6,368,884
Stockholders' Deficit:
Common stock, par value $.01 per share; 1,500,000
shares authorized; 1,023,029, 1,044,457 and 1,044,457
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 1996,
December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1998, respectively 10,230 10,445 10,445
Additional paid in capital ............................... 5,009,116 5,308,901 5,308,901
Retained earnings (deficit) .............................. (7,147,159) (8,939,453) (9,150,718)
------------ ------------ ------------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) ..................... (2,127,813) (3,620,107) (3,831,372)
------------ ------------ ------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit .............. $ 7,669,871 $ 6,581,585 $ 7,314,461
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-24
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL RETAINED TOTAL
------------------------- PAID-IN EARNINGS STOCKHOLDERS'
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL DEFICIT DEFICIT
------------ ---------- ------------ ---------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1994 .................. 887,782 $ 8,878 $4,247,993 $ (4,744,299) $ (487,428)
Issuance of common stock ..................... 75,000 750 16,725 -- 17,475
Net loss ..................................... -- -- -- (636,096) (636,096)
------- ------- ---------- ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1995 .................. 962,782 9,628 4,264,718 (5,380,395) (1,106,049)
Issuance of common stock ..................... 60,247 602 744,398 -- 745,000
Net loss ..................................... -- -- -- (1,766,764) (1,766,764)
------- ------- ---------- ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 .................. 1,023,029 10,230 5,009,116 (7,147,159) (2,127,813)
Issuance of common stock ..................... 21,428 215 299,785 -- 300,000
Net loss ..................................... -- -- -- (1,792,294) (1,792,294)
--------- ------- ---------- ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1997 .................. 1,044,457 10,445 5,308,901 (8,939,453) (3,620,107)
--------- ------- ---------- ------------ ------------
Net loss ..................................... -- -- -- (211,265) (211,265)
--------- ------- ---------- ------------ ------------
Balance at March 31, 1998 (unaudited) ......... 1,044,457 $10,445 $5,308,901 $ (9,150,718) $ (3,831,372)
========= ======= ========== ============ ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-25
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------------- ---------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Operating activities:
Net loss ......................................... $ (636,096) $ (1,766,764) $ (1,792,294)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities:
Minority interest .............................. (148,168) (865,465) (1,473,252)
Depreciation ................................... 107,090 212,030 353,333
Amortization ................................... 92,207 266,986 487,144
Loss on sale of property and equipment ......... 8,302 -- --
Provision for losses on accounts receivable..... 23,000 30,000 61,343
Non cash compensation charges .................. -- -- 157,459
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable .......................... (112,162) (470,117) (217,153)
Prepaid expenses and other current as-
sets ........................................ (25,018) (22,942) 29,838
Deposits ..................................... (38,186) (33,152) (6,691)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 175,893 667,649 230,530
Deferred revenue ............................. 99,609 157,410 (66,668)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating ac-
tivities ....................................... (453,529) (1,824,365) (2,236,411)
Investing activities:
Net purchases of property and equipment .......... (635,965) (631,385) (522,592)
Capitalization of product development costs ...... (432,683) (347,065) (600,670)
Acquisitions (net of acquired cash) .............. -- 25,924 (547,859)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used in investing activities ............ (1,068,648) (952,526) (1,671,121)
Financing activities:
Payments on note and accrued interest ............ (627,150) -- --
Proceeds from line of credit ..................... -- -- 1,000,000
Proceeds from note payable ....................... -- -- 650,000
Net proceeds from capital contributions .......... 3,345,155 4,775,135 --
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by financing activities ........ 2,718,005 4,775,135 1,650,000
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equiv-
alents ......................................... 1,195,828 1,998,244 (2,257,532)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of pe-
riod ........................................... 132,295 1,328,123 3,326,367
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period ....... $ 1,328,123 $ 3,326,367 $ 1,068,835
============ ============ ============
<CAPTION>
<PAGE>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
AT MARCH 31,
------------------------------
1997 1998
--------------- --------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C>
Operating activities:
Net loss ......................................... $ (418,806) $ (211,265)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities:
Minority interest .............................. (349,838) (172,853)
Depreciation ................................... 80,966 93,132
Amortization ................................... 99,772 137,305
Loss on sale of property and equipment ......... -- --
Provision for losses on accounts receivable..... 12,206 46,935
Non cash compensation charges .................. 2,193 4,131
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable .......................... 112,670 (487,861)
Prepaid expenses and other current as-
sets ........................................ (2,057) (513,842)
Deposits ..................................... (4,589) 13,041
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 299,427 369,893
Deferred revenue ............................. (59,230) 742,970
------------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating ac-
tivities ....................................... (227,286) 21,586
Investing activities:
Net purchases of property and equipment .......... (249,228) (130,149)
Capitalization of product development costs ...... (143,110) (94,618)
Acquisitions (net of acquired cash) .............. (547,859)
-------------
Net cash used in investing activities ............ (940,197) (224,767)
Financing activities:
Payments on note and accrued interest ............ -- --
Proceeds from line of credit ..................... -- --
Proceeds from note payable ....................... -- --
Net proceeds from capital contributions .......... -- --
------------- ----------
Net cash provided by financing activities ........ -- --
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equiv-
alents ......................................... (1,167,483) (203,181)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of pe-
riod ........................................... 3,326,367 1,068,835
------------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period ....... $ 2,158,884 $ 865,654
============= ==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-26
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION
OLD RIG, INC. ("RIGINC") is the majority owner of Realty Information Group,
L.P. (RIGLP) and is its General Partner. RIGINC has no operations of its own.
RIGLP has created a proprietary database (the "Database") of comprehensive
office and industrial real estate information in seven major metropolitan areas
throughout the United States. In addition, RIGLP has developed a portfolio of
multimedia software products that allow clients to access the Database. The
Database and software products are distributed to its clients under license
agreements which are typically one to three years in duration.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements of RIGINC include the accounts of
RIGLP and of New Market Systems, Inc. ("NMS") acquired on March 1, 1997 (Note
3).
Unaudited Interim Statements
The consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 1998 and for the
three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1997 are unaudited. In the opinion of
management, such financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary for a
fair presentation of the results of the respective interim periods. All such
adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 1995 and 1996 financial statements have been
reclassified to conform with the 1997 presentation. In addition, on May 23,
1996, RIGINC was re-incorporated as a Delaware corporation, changing authorized
common stock to 1,500,000 shares at a par value of $.01 per share. Accordingly,
common stock and additional paid-in capital accounts have been reclassified to
reflect this change for all periods presented.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the associated amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the
estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from the sale of licenses to the proprietary software and the
Database is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the license,
which is typically from one to three years.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
RIGINC's cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid instruments
purchased with an original maturity of less than three months.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are stated at
cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives
of three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of
the related lease term or the useful life.
F-27
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - (CONTINUED)
Capitalized Product Development Costs
Initial costs to develop and produce the Database and software products,
including direct labor, contractors and applicable overhead are capitalized from
the time technological feasibility is determined until product release. Prior to
technological feasibility, such costs are classified as software development and
expensed as incurred. Amortization of capitalized costs is based on the greater
of the amount computed using (a) the ratio of current gross revenues to the sum
of current and anticipated gross revenues, or (b) the straight-line method over
the remaining estimated economic life of the product, typically five years after
product release. Included in amortization is approximately $75,000, $181,000
$287,000 and $112,000 of expense related to the capitalized product development
costs for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and the three months
ended March 31, 1998, respectively.
Intangible Assets
The value assigned to the customer base acquired through the purchase of
NMS and Chicago Resource, Inc., and goodwill, resulting from the purchase of
Space Datagraphics Systems, Inc., in December 1994, are being amortized on a
straight-line basis over ten years. RIGINC continuously evaluates and adjusts,
if necessary, the net realizable value of these assets.
Income Taxes
RIGINC is a Subchapter S Corporation for federal income tax purposes under
which income, losses, deductions and credits are allocated to and reported by
the individual stockholders of the corporation. Accordingly, no provision for
income tax has been recorded in the financial statements. Upon the effectiveness
of the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (see note 10), RIGINC will become part
of Realty Information Group, Inc., the successor, and will be taxed as a
C-Corporation. Had the S-Corporation operated as a C-Corporation for the year
ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and the three months ended March 31,
1998, their would be no income taxes recorded as a result of the losses for the
periods. NMS is a corporation which provides for income taxes under the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109. As of
December 31, 1997, NMS had net loss carryforwards of approximately $522,000. A
valuation allowance has been established against the related net deferred tax
asset in its entirety.
Unit Based Compensation
In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" which is effective for the RIGLP's financial statements after
1995. SFAS No. 123 allows companies to account for stock-based compensation
under the provisions of either SFAS No. 123 or Accounting Principles Board
("APB") Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", with pro
forma disclosure as if the measurement provision of SFAS No. 123 had been
adopted. RIGINC applies these principles and accounts for RIGLP unit based
compensation in accordance with the provisions of APB No. 25. As such, the
adoption of SFAS No. 123 does not impact the financial position or results of
operations of RIGINC.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Such costs included in selling
and marketing expense totaled approximately $125,698, $203,659, $397,966 and
$53,908 for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996, and 1997 and the three
months ended March 31, 1998, respectively.
F-28
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - (CONTINUED)
Concentration of Credit Risk
RIGINC performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers' financial
condition and generally does not require collateral. RIGINC maintains reserves
for credit losses, and such losses have been within management's expectations.
The credit risk in accounts receivable is mitigated by the large and widespread
customer base and lack of dependence on individual customers. The carrying
amount of the accounts receivable approximates their net realizable value.
Earnings Per Share
In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
No. 128, "Earnings Per Share." The effect of options, warrants or convertible
securities are not included in the earning per share calculation, as they are
anti-dilutive. All earnings per share amounts for all periods have been
presented to conform to the Statement 128 requirements.
Recent Pronouncements
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 130 ("SFAS 130"), "Comprehensive Income",
which is required to be adopted for the year ended December 31, 1998. SFAS 130
requires that an enterprise (a) classify items of other comprehensive income by
their nature in the financial statements and (b) display the accumulated balance
of other comprehensive income separately from retained earnings and additional
paid-in capital in the Statements of Stockholders' Deficit. The implementation
of SFAS 130, "Comprehensive Income", information on the financial statements is
not expected to be material. For all periods presented, including the three
months ended March 31, 1998, RIGINC had no item of comprehensive income and,
according, the Statement does not apply.
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 ("SFAS 131"), "Disclosures about Segments
of an Enterprise and Related Information", which is required to be adopted for
the year ended December 31, 1998. SFAS 131 changes the way public companies
report segment information in annual financial statements and also requires
those companies to report selected segment information in interim financial
reports to stockholders. The disclosure for segment information on the financial
statements is not expected to be material.
In October 1997, the AICPA issued SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition,
which changes the requirements for revenue recognition effective for
transactions that the Company will enter into beginning January 1, 1998. The
implementation of SOP 97-2 is not expected to have a material effect on the
financial statements of RIGLP. As of January 1, 1998 the Company adopted AICPA
SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, which was effective for transactions
that RIGINC entered into in 1988. Prior years were not restated. The effect of
adopting SOP 97-2 was not material in the financial statements of RIGINC. In
March 1998, AcSEC issued SOP 98-4 which defers for one year the implementation
of certain provisions of SOP 97-2. The issuance of SOP 98-4 had no effect on
RIGINC.
3. ACQUISITIONS
On April 1, 1996, RIGLP expanded to the Chicago area by purchasing
substantially all of the assets and liabilities of Chicago ReSource, Inc.
("CRI"), through the issuance of 114,640.55 partnership units valued at
$1,200,000. On March 1, 1997 RIGLP expanded to the San Francisco area through a
purchase of 99.3% of the outstanding shares of New Market Systems, Inc. ("NMS"),
a California corporation, through the exchange of 14,710 partnership units
valued at $206,000 and payment of $550,000 in cash. The accompanying statements
of operations reflect the operating results of CRI and NMS since the effective
date of the acquisition. Except for cash acquired, these transactions have been
excluded from the statements of cash flows and have been accounted for using
purchase accounting.
F-29
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
3. ACQUISITIONS - (CONTINUED)
The pro forma unaudited results of operations for the years ended December
31, 1996 and 1997, assuming the purchase of CRI and NMS had been consummated as
of January 1 of each year, respectively, are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Revenues ................. $ 4,576,000 $ 7,960,000
============= =============
Net loss ................. $ (2,810,000) $ (3,386,000)
============= =============
</TABLE>
4. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consists of intangible assets as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, MARCH 31,
------------------------------- -------------
1996 1997 1998
-------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Acquired contracts ............... $ 1,286,259 $ 2,041,289 $2,041,289
Accumulated Amortization ......... 78,614 301,912 325,353
----------- ----------- ----------
$ 1,207,645 $ 1,739,377 $1,715,936
----------- ----------- ----------
Goodwill ......................... $ 78,667 $ 79,979 $ 79,979
Accumulated Amortization ......... 15,054 23,000 24,658
----------- ----------- ----------
63,613 56,979 55,321
----------- ----------- ----------
$ 1,271,258 $ 1,796,356 $1,771,257
=========== =========== ==========
</TABLE>
5. LINE OF CREDIT
In October, 1997, RIGINC entered into a $1,000,000 line of credit agreement
with Silicon Valley East (a Division of Silicon Valley Bank). The line bears
interest at the bank's prime rate plus 2%, and has a one year term. Borrowings
under the line are secured by the assets of RIGINC. RIGINC is in compliance at
December 31, 1997, with the terms of the line of credit agreement which includes
covenants requiring minimum cash, working capital and partners' capital amounts,
and limits operating losses of RIGINC. At December 31, 1997, $1,000,000 of
borrowings were outstanding under the line. Interest paid in 1997 totaled
$17,760.
6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During 1997, RIGINC obtained a commitment from a shareholder for an
additional $1,000,000 of subordinated, unsecured credit, bearing interest at a
rate equal to that of the line of credit. In connection with the commitment, the
individual has received warrants for the purchase of 15,000 shares of stock,
exerciseable only in the event of an initial public offering or an equity
funding in excess of $5.0 million ("a triggering event"). The warrants have a
two year term beyond the triggering event and provide for the purchase of an
equivalent number of shares at a price of 10% less than the price of the stock
sold in an initial public offering or an equity funding in excess of $5.0
million. At December 31, 1997, $650,000 of borrowings were outstanding under the
commitment and have been advanced to RIGINC. Interest paid in 1997 totaled
$8,055.
Commencing in May 1995 RIGINC agreed to pay an investor $10,000 per month
and the Chairman of RIGINC $6,667 per month for consulting services. During
1995, 1996 and 1997, RIGINC incurred fees of approximately $130,000, $200,000
and $200,000, respectively, related to such consulting services.
F-30
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED )
7. COMMITMENTS
RIGLP leases office space and equipment under operating lease agreements
which expire at various dates through the year 2001. Lease agreements provide
for various renewal terms and reimbursement of taxes, maintenance, insurance and
other occupancy expenses applicable to the leased premises or property. In
addition, RIGLP, as lessor, also subleases a portion of its office space to
another tenant under a cancelable lease.
At December 31, 1997, future minimum lease payments under operating leases
are as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1998 ........................ $ 869,100
1999 ........................ 738,100
2000 ........................ 460,000
2001 ........................ 90,600
2002 and thereafter ......... 70,000
-----------
$ 2,227,800
===========
</TABLE>
Rent expense was approximately $201,000, $525,000 and $766,000 and rental
income was approximately $23,000, $46,000 and $0 for the years ended December
31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
8. COMMON STOCK AND SALES OF PARTNERSHIP UNITS
In March 1996, the Company recorded a 40:1 stock split, and in January of
1997, a 1000:928 reverse stock split. All shares amounts and transactions have
been restated to refelect the split as of January 1, 1995.
During 1995 RIGLP sold 327,780 limited partnership units to two investors
for total net proceeds of approximately $3.3 million. The transaction granted
the investors liquidation preferences of the investment plus a 6% per annum
return in the event of a liquidation. In addition, beginning April 15, 1999
through April 15, 2001, the transaction allows the investors to liquidate their
investments under a range of alternative strategies and exit transactions. The
proceeds of the transaction were used to retire a related party note payable and
to fund RIGLP's working capital needs.
On December 3, 1996, RIGLP completed a private placement (the "Private
Placement") in which RIGLP raised approximately $5.0 million through the sale of
338,580.2 partnership units. The proceeds of the transaction were used to fund
RIGLP's working capital needs and the NMS acquisitions.
In May 1997, RIGLP issued 21,428 partnership units valued at $300,000 to
provide compensation to an officer, $150,000 of which had been accrued at
December 31, 1996.
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Unit Option Plan
In March 1996 RIGLP adopted the 1996 Unit Option and Unit Purchase Plan
(the "Plan"), under which 200,000 partnership units were reserved for issuance
upon the exercise of options granted to officers, executive personnel, directors
and key employees. Certain options previously granted were included in the Plan.
The option plan is administered by the Board of Directors of RIGINC. Options are
granted at prices which the Board of Directors of RIGINC believes approximate
the fair market value of its limited partnership units. Individual grants become
exercisable over a period of three years from the date of grant. The contractual
term of the options range from three to ten years from the date of grant.
F-31
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS - (CONTINUED)
Unit option activity was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
WEIGHTED-
NUMBER OF AVERAGE
UNITS PRICE PER UNIT EXERCISE PRICE
----------- ---------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at December 31, 1994 ......... 26,000 $ 5.00 $ 5.00
Granted ................................. 55,480 $ 10.45 $ 10.45
Exercised ............................... --
Canceled or expired ..................... --
------
Outstanding at December 31, 1995 ......... 81,480 $ 8.71
Granted ................................. 42,000 $ 10.45 $ 10.45
Exercised ............................... (10,000) $ 5.00 $ 5.00
Canceled or expired ..................... --
-------
Outstanding at December 31, 1996 ......... 113,480 $ 9.68
Granted ................................. 23,000 $ 12.34-$14.00 $ 13.28
Exercised ...............................
Canceled or expired ..................... (5,000) $ 10.45 $ 10.45
-------
Outstanding at December 31, 1997 ......... 131,480 $ 10.28
=======
Exercisable at December 31, 1997 ......... 82,277 $ 9.39
=======
Exercisable at December 31, 1996 ......... 57,740 $ 8.94
=======
Exercisable at December 31, 1995 ......... 21,870 $ 8.46
=======
</TABLE>
During 1996 RIGLP adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for the Plan. Had
compensation expense related to the Plan been determined based on the fair value
at the grant date for options granted in 1995, 1996 and 1997 consistent with the
provisions of SFAS No. 123, RIGLP's pro forma net loss would have been $817,408,
$2,690,009 and $3,337,420 as of December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
Such pro forma results are not representative of the effects on operations for
future years.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using
the Minimum Value option-pricing model with the following weighted-average
assumptions: dividend yield of 0%; risk-free interest rate of approximately
6.0%; and expected life of 3 years for 1995 grants and 4 years for 1996 and 1997
grants.
The following table summarizes information regarding unit options
outstanding at December 31, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF WEIGHTED
OPTIONS AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICE OUTSTANDING CONTRACTUAL LIFE
- ---------------------------- ------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
$ 5.00.................... 16,000 1.9
$ 10.45................... 92,480 2.6
$ 12.34................... 10,000 4.2
$ 14.00................... 13,000 4.4
</TABLE>
F-32
<PAGE>
OLD RIG, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (CONTINUED)
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS - (CONTINUED)
Employee 401(k) Plan
Effective January 1, 1997, RIGLP established a 401(k) Plan (the "401(k)")
to provide retirement benefits for eligible employees. The 401(k) provides for
tax deferred contributions of between 1% and 15% of employees' salaries, limited
to a maximum annual amount as established by the Internal Revenue Service. RIGLP
matches 25% of employee contributions up to a maximum of 6% of total
compensation. Amounts contributed to the 401(k) by RIGLP to match employee
contributions were $27,808 in 1997.
10. PRO FORMA LOSS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of pro forma basic and
diluted loss per share. Shares presented give effect to the contribution of
RIGINC shares in exchange for Realty Information Group, Inc. shares at a rate of
3.03 per share.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, MARCH 31,
------------------------------------------------ -----------------------------
1995 1996 1997 1997 1998
-------------- ---------------- ---------------- -------------- --------------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Numerator:
Net loss ................................. $ (636,096) $ (1,766,764) $ (1,792,294) $ (418,806) $ (211,265)
---------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------
Denominator:
Denominator for basic loss per share--
weighted-average shares ................ 2,841,479 2,947,655 3,143,063 3,099,778 3,164,705
---------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------
Dilutive potential common shares ......... -- -- -- -- --
Denominator for diluted loss per
share--adjusted weighted-average
shares and assumed conversions ......... 2,841,479 2,947,655 3,143,063 3,099,778 3,164,705
---------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------
Pro forma basic loss per share ............ $ (0.22) $ (0.60) $ (0.57) $ (0.14) $ (0.07)
---------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------
Pro forma diluted loss per share .......... $ (0.22) $ (0.60) $ (0.57) $ (0.14) $ (0.07)
---------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------
</TABLE>
11. MANAGEMENT PLANS
Related to a filing of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 by Realty
Information Group, Inc., a newly formed successor corporation, RIGINC
anticipates entering into an Agreement and Plan of Contribution ("Agreement") by
and among Realty Information Group, Inc., RIGLP and RIGINC to contribute all of
RIGINC's outstanding common stock to Realty Information Group, Inc. in exchange
for common stock of Realty Information Group, Inc.
F-33
<PAGE>
==================================== =========================================
NO DEALER, SALESPERSON OR
OTHER PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO
GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY
REPRESENTATION OTHER THAN THOSE
CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS, AND
IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH INFORMATION
OR REPRESENTATION MUST NOT BE
RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN 2,500,000 Shares
AUTHORIZED BY THE OMPANY OR BY ANY
UNDERWRITER. THI PROSPECTUS DOES
NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR
A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY
ANY SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY IN
ANY JURISDICTION TO ANY PERSON TO
WHOM IT IS UNLAWFUL FOR SUCH PERSON
TO MAKE SUCH AN OFFER OR
SOLICITATION. NEITHER THE DELIVERY
OF THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE
MADE HEREUNDER SHALL UNDER ANY
CIRCUMSTANCES CREATE ANY
IMPLICATION THAT THE INFORMATION [REALTY INFORMATION GROUP LOGO]
HEREIN IS CORRECT AS OF ANY TIME
SUBSEQUENT TO THE DATE HEREOF OR
THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN
THE AFFAIRS OF THE COMPANY SINCE
SUCH DATE.
------------------------- Common Stock
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
------
Prospectus Summary ............. 3
Risk Factors ................... 9
Use of Proceeds ................ 14
Dividend Policy ................ 14
Capitalization ................. 15
Dilution ....................... 16
Selected Consolidated Financial ------------------
and Operating Data ............ 17 PROSPECTUS
Management's Discussion and
Analysis ...................... 18 ------------------
Business ....................... 23
Management ..................... 33
Principal Stockholders ......... 38
Certain Transactions ........... 40
Description of Capital Stock ... 41
Shares Eligible for Future Sale. 43
Underwriting ................... 45
Legal Matters .................. 46
Experts ........................ 46
Additional Information ......... 47
Index to Financial Statements .. F-1
------------------------- ALLEN & COMPANY
INCORPORATED
UNTIL , 1998 (25 DAYS AFTER
THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS), ALL
DEALERS EFFECTING TRANSACTIONS IN NEEDHAM & COMPANY, INC.
THE COMMON STOCK OFFERED HEREBY,
WHETHER OR NOT PARTICIPATING IN
THIS DISTRIBUTION, MAY BE REQUIRED
TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS. THIS IS IN , 1998
ADDITION TO THE OBLIGATION OF
DEALERS TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS
WHEN ACTING AS UNDERWRITERS AND
WITH RESPECT TO THEIR UNSOLD
ALLOTMENTS OR SUBSCRIPTIONS.
==================================== ========================================
<PAGE>
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 13. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
Estimated expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of the
securities being registered, other than underwriting compensation, are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee ............... $ 11,000
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. filing fee ....... 4,000
Nasdaq National Market entry fee .................................. 50,000
Legal fees and expenses ........................................... 380,000
Accountants' fees and expenses .................................... 230,000
Printing and engraving expenses ................................... 190,000
Transfer Agent and Registrar fees and expenses .................... 2,500
Miscellaneous ..................................................... 182,500
----------
Total ............................................................ $1,050,000
==========
</TABLE>
The Company will bear all of the foregoing fees and expenses.
The foregoing, except for the Securities and Exchange Commission
registration fee, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. filing
fee and the Nasdaq National Market entry fee, are estimates.
ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
The Registrant's Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Registrant
shall, subject to certain limitations, indemnify its directors and officers
against expenses (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and certain
settlements) actually and reasonably incurred by them in connection with any
suit or proceeding to which they are a party so long as they acted in good faith
and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best
interests of the corporation, and, with respect to a criminal action or
proceeding, so long as they had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct to
have been unlawful.
Section 102 of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a Delaware
corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a provision
eliminating or limiting a director's liability to a corporation or its
stockholders for monetary damages for breaches of fiduciary duty. The enabling
statute provides, however, that liability for breaches of the duty of loyalty,
acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct, or
knowing violation of the law, and the unlawful purchase or redemption of stock
or payment of unlawful dividends or the receipt of improper personal benefits
cannot be eliminated or limited in this manner. The Registrant's Certificate of
Incorporation includes a provision which eliminates, to the fullest extent
permitted, director liability for monetary damages for breaches of fiduciary
duty.
ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
In the three years preceding the filing of this Registration Statement, the
Company sold the following securities that were not registered under the
Securities Act:
1. On August 9, 1994, RIGLP was capitalized with the issuance of (i) 24,070
limited and general partnership units to RIGINC, its general partner, in
exchange for all of the assets and liabilities of RIGINC 's operating business,
and (ii) 1,000 limited partnership units to Horowitz Limited Partnership I in
exchange for $200,000. These units were purchased for investment purposes. The
issuance of such units was effected in reliance on the exemption from
registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
II-1
<PAGE>
2. On May 15, 1995, RIGLP was further capitalized with the issuance of (i)
334 general partnership units to RIGINC, its general partner, (ii) 7,416.3
limited partnership units to Founders/RIG, L.L.C. in exchange for $3.1 million
and (iii) 778.2 limited partnership units issued to Michael R. Klein, the
Chairman of RIGINC, as repayment of certain debts of RIGLP (see "Certain
Transactions"). As part of the same transaction, RIGINC issued 937, 469 and 469
shares to Warren Haber (the Chairman of Founders Equity, Inc. ("Founders"), the
general partner of Founders/RIG, L.L.C.), John D. White and John Teeger (the
President of Founders), respectively, in exchange for $1.00 per share. These
units and shares were purchased for investment purposes. The issuance of such
units and shares was effected in reliance on the exemption from registration
under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
3. On April 6, 1996, RIGLP acquired all of the assets of ReSource from Law
Bulletin Publishing Company in exchange for 114,640.55 limited partnership units
valued nominally at $10.45 per unit. ReSource was a real estate information
provider in the Chicago, Illinois area. These units were issued for investment
purposes. The issuance of such units was effected in reliance on the exemption
from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
4. On June 30, 1996, RIGLP issued to David Schaffel, a vice president of
RIGLP, 10,000 limited partnership units following Mr. Schaffel's exercise of an
option to acquire such units. In connection with the exercise of such units, Mr.
Scheffel received a loan of $50,000 from the partnership, which was utilized for
the payment of the exercise price. Such loan is being forgiven over a three year
period. These units were purchased for investment purposes. The issuance of such
units was effected in reliance on the exemption from registration under Section
4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 701.
5. During June through October 1996, RIGINC issued 45,749, 12,200, 871,
1,743, 3,486 and 871 shares to Michael R. Klein (the Chairman of RIGINC), David
Bonderman (a Director of RIGINC), Andrew C. Florance (the President and a
Director of RIGINC), Colden L. Florance (the father of Andrew C. Florance), John
D. White and John Teeger (the President of Founders), respectively, for $11.48
per share. On December 3, 1996, RIGLP was further capitalized with the issuance
of (i) 60,229.762 limited and general partnership units to RIGINC, its general
partner, in exchange for $745,000 (the amount raised by RIGINC described in the
preceding sentence), (ii) 4,042.266 limited partnership units to Roy V. Fabry
(Mr. Klein's brother-in-law) in exchange for $50,000, (iii) 85,650.062 limited
partnership units issued to Founders/RIG, L.L.C. in exchange for $1.0 million,
(iv) 234,451.424 limited partnership units issued to RIG Holdings, L.L.C. (see
"Certain Transactions"), in exchange for $2.9 million, and (v) an aggregate of
22,283.452 limited partnership units issued to Law Bulletin Publishing Company
and certain of its affiliates in exchange for $275,646. These units and shares
were purchased for investment purposes. The issuance of such units and shares
was effected in reliance on the exemption from registration under Section 4(2)
of the Securities Act.
6. On March 1, 1997, RIGLP acquired all of the assets of NMS, Inc. from
Craig Brown, Kerin Garrett, Nella Shapiro and James D. Carr, the owners of 99.3%
of the stock of NMS, Inc. in exchange for 1,786, 1,429, 365 and 11,130 limited
partnership units, respectively (valued nominally at $14.00 per unit). NMS, Inc.
was a real estate information provider in the San Francisco, California area.
These units were purchased for investment purposes. The issuance of such units
was effected in reliance on the exemption from registration under Section 4(2)
of the Securities Act.
7. On May 12, 1997, RIGINC acquired 21,429 limited partnership units of
RIGLP in exchange for $300,000. Simultaneously, RIGINC issued to Andrew C.
Florance, its President, Chief Executive Officer and a director, 21,429 shares
in full payment of deferred compensation of $300,000 owed to Mr. Florance. These
units were purchased for investment purposes. The issuance of such units was
effected in reliance on the exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act.
8. Simultaneously with this Offering, the Company will issue up to
5,802,497 shares of Common Stock to the limited partners of RIGLP and the
stockholders of RIGINC. The Company will receive as consideration all of the
outstanding equity interests of these entities. The shares of Common Stock
obtained by limited partners of RIGLP and stockholders of RIGINC upon the
exchange of their units and shares continue to be held for investment purposes,
The issuance of such shares was effected in reliance on the exemption from
registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. See "Prospectus Summary
- -- Transactions in Connection with Closing" in the accompanying prospectus.
II-2
<PAGE>
No underwriters were involved in any of the foregoing sales of securities
Explanatory Note: Partnership units of RIGLP were split 40:1 on March 29,
1996. Shares of RIGINC were split 40:1 on March 29, 1996. Shares of RIGINC were
split 1,000:928 effective on January 7, 1997.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) EXHIBITS -- See Index to Exhibits.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules are not required.
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriter
at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements certificates in such
denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to
permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the
registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant
has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission
such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of
1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of
this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a
form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4)
or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this
registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act
of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus
shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities
offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be
deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-3
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the
City of Bethesda, State of Maryland, on the 12th day of June, 1998.
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
By: /s/ Andrew C. Florance
----------------------------------------
Andrew C. Florance
Chief Executive Officer
and President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
this Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement has been signed by the
following persons in the capacities indicated on June 12, 1998.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE CAPACITY DATE
- ------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
* Chairman of the Board June 12, 1998
- ---------------------------
Michael R. Klein
/s/ Andrew C. Florance Chief Executive Officer and President, June 12, 1998
- --------------------------- and a Director
Andrew C. Florance (Principal Executive Officer)
* Chief Financial Officer June 12, 1998
- --------------------------- (Chief Financial and Accounting
Frank A. Carchedi Officer)
* Director June 12, 1998
- ---------------------------
David Bonderman
* Director June 12, 1998
- ---------------------------
Warren H. Haber
* Director June 12, 1998
- ---------------------------
John Simon
* Director
- --------------------------- June 12, 1998
Lanning Macfarland III
*By:/s/ Andrew C. Florance
- ---------------------------
Andrew C. Florance
Attorney-in-fact
</TABLE>
II-4
<PAGE>
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT DESCRIPTIONS
- --------- ---------------
<S> <C>
1.1 Form of Underwriting Agreement
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation+
3.2 Amended and Restated By-laws+
4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate+
5.1 Opinion of Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering*
10.1 Realty Information Group, Inc. 1998 Stock Incentive Plan*
10.2 Employment Agreement for Andrew C. Florance+
10.3 Employment Agreement for Frank A. Carchedi+
10.4 Employment Agreement for David M. Schaffel+
10.5 Employment Agreement for Curtis M. Ricketts+
10.6 [Intentionally Omitted]
10.7 Registration Rights Agreement+
10.8 RIG Contribution Agreement+
10.9 [Intentionally Omitted]
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company*
23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors
23.2 Consent of Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering (contained in Exhibit 5.1)*
24.1 Powers of Attorney (Included in the Signature Pages to the Registration
Statement)
</TABLE>
- ----------
* To be filed by amendment.
+ Previously filed
====================================
2,500,000 SHARES
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
COMMON STOCK
------------
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
SELECTED DEALER AGREEMENT
------------
_________________, 1998
=====================================
<PAGE>
2,500,000 SHARES
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
COMMON STOCK
----------------
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
----------------
______________, 1998
ALLEN & COMPANY INCORPORATED
NEEDHAM & COMPANY, INC.
As Representatives of the Several
Underwriters
c/o Allen & Company Incorporated
711 Fifth Avenue
New York, New York 10022
Dear Sirs:
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), hereby confirms its agreement with the several Underwriters named in
Schedule A hereto (the "Underwriters"), for which you are acting as
representatives (the "Representatives"), as follows:
1. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES. The Company has authorized by
appropriate corporate action and proposes to issue and sell to the Underwriters
up to 2,500,000 shares of its Common Stock, $.01 par value, as further described
in Section 3 hereof. The shares of Common Stock to be sold to the Underwriters
by the Company are herein referred to as the "Purchased Shares". In addition, as
provided in Section 3 hereof, the Company is granting to the Underwriters an
option to purchase up to 250,000 additional shares of the Company's Common Stock
(the "Option Shares"). The "Company Shares" and the "Option Shares" are herein
collectively referred to as the "Shares."
2. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND AGREEMENTS OF THE COMPANY.
As used in this Section 2, the "Company" shall mean each of the
Company and, where applicable, each of Realty Information Group, L.P., a
Delaware limited partnership ("RIGLP"), and Old RIG, Inc., a Delaware
corporation ("RIGINC", formerly Realty Information Group, Inc.), predecessors to
the Company, with respect to the business and operations of the Company as
conducted through the First Closing Date (hereinafter defined). "Related
Transactions" shall mean the transactions to be consummated pursuant to that
certain Agreement and Plan of Contribution dated March 5,
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1998 among the Company, the stockholders of RIGINC and the limited partners of
RIGLP (the "RIG Contribution Agreement").
(a) The Company represents and warrants to and agrees with each
Underwriter that:
(i) A registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-47953)
with respect to the Shares, including a preliminary form of
prospectus, copies of which have heretofore been delivered to you, has
been prepared by the Company in conformity with the requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), and the rules and
regulations (the "Rules and Regulations") of the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Act, and has been
filed with the Commission under the Act; such amendment or amendments
to such registration statement, copies of which have heretofore been
delivered to you, as may have been made prior to the date of this
Agreement have been so prepared and filed; and the Company has so
prepared and proposes so to file in a timely manner after the
effective date of such registration statement the final form of
prospectus. Such registration statement (including all exhibits
thereto), as finally amended and revised as of the time the
Underwriters first offer the Shares for sale to the public together
with information, if any, which is permitted to be, and is,
subsequently filed pursuant to Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations,
is herein referred to as the "Registration Statement". Such prospectus
in the form filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and
Regulations, or, if no final prospectus is filed with the Commission
pursuant to Rule 424(b), in such form as such final prospectus is
included in the Registration Statement, is herein referred to as the
"Prospectus". Each preliminary form of prospectus is herein referred
to as a "Preliminary Prospectus".
(ii) The Commission has not issued any order preventing or
suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus. At the time of
filing of each Preliminary Prospectus, such prospectus did not include
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading. When the Registration Statement becomes
effective and at all times subsequent thereto up to and at each
Closing Date (hereinafter defined) (i) the Registration Statement and
Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto will contain as
of their respective dates all material statements and information
which are required to be included therein in accordance with the Act
and Rules and Regulations and will in all material respects conform to
the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations, and (ii)
neither the Registration Statement nor the Prospectus, nor any
amendment or supplement thereto, will include as of their respective
dates any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that the
foregoing representations and warranties shall not apply to
information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or
the Prospectus or any such amendment or supplement in reliance upon,
and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company
by any Underwriter through you specifically for use in the preparation
thereof.
(iii) Set forth on Schedule B hereto is the name of each
subsidiary of the Company which holds assets or conducts operations
which are material to the financial condition, results of operations,
business or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a
whole and, unless otherwise indicated thereon, the Company holds all
right, title and interest in and to the entire equity interest in each
such subsidiary. Except as described in the Prospectus, subsequent to
the respective dates as of which information is given in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus, neither the Company, nor
any entity which is either identified in the Prospectus as a
subsidiary of the Company or listed on Schedule B hereto (each
individually a
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"Subsidiary" and collectively the "Subsidiaries"), taken as a whole,
has incurred any direct or, to the best of the Company's knowledge,
contingent material liabilities or material obligations, or entered
into any material transactions or contracts not in the ordinary course
of business, and there has not been any change in its capital shares,
options or warrants, nor any material increase or decrease in the
amount thereof outstanding or in any of its long-term debt
outstanding, except pursuant to the terms of the instruments governing
the same, or any material adverse change in the condition (financial
or otherwise), results of operations, business or prospects of the
Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(iv) Except as set forth in the Prospectus, there is not now
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, any action,
suit or proceeding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party
before any court or governmental agency or body which might result in
any material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise),
results of operations, business or prospects of the Company and the
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or might materially and adversely
affect the properties, assets or ability to do business as
contemplated in the Prospectus of the Company and the Subsidiaries
taken as a whole; and there are no contracts or documents required to
be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement by the Act or by
the Rules and Regulations which have not been filed as exhibits to the
Registration Statement.
(v) This Agreement and the RIG Contribution Agreement have been
duly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf of the Company,
RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable, and constitute valid and binding
agreements of the Company, RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable,
enforceable in accordance with their terms, except (1) that such
enforcement may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating
to creditors' rights, (2) that the remedy of specific performance and
injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to
equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any
proceeding therefor may be brought and (3) as rights to indemnity or
contribution hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities
laws. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and
the RIG Contribution Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions herein contemplated and the Related Transactions will not
result in a material breach or material violation of any term or
provision of, or constitute a material default under, any currently
existing statute, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, note
agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company,
RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable, or any Subsidiary is a party or by
which it or its property is bound, the charter or by-laws or other
organizational documents of the Company, RIGINC and RIGLP, as
applicable, or any Subsidiary or any order, rule or regulation of any
court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the
Company, RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable, or over their properties. No
material consent, approval, authorization or order of any court or
governmental agency or body is required for the consummation by the
Company, RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable, of the transactions on its
part herein contemplated or the Related Transactions, except such as
may be required under the Act or as may be required under state or
other securities or blue sky laws in connection with the purchase and
distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters. None of the Company,
RIGINC or RIGLP nor any of the Subsidiaries is now in default, and no
event has occurred which with the giving of notice or lapse of time or
both would be a default, under any material contract, agreement,
indenture, mortgage or other material undertaking to which such entity
is a party and which is material to the condition (financial or
otherwise), results of operations, business or prospects of the
Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(vi) Each of the Company, RIGINC, RIGLP and the Subsidiaries has
been duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing as a
corporation or limited partnership in good standing under
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the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization,
with full power and authority, corporate or otherwise, to own its
properties and conduct its business as described and contemplated in
the Registration Statement, and is duly qualified to do business as a
foreign corporation or limited partnership in good standing in all
other jurisdictions where its operations or ownership of property
requires such qualifications and where failure so to qualify would
impair title to any material properties of the Company which would
have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or
otherwise) results of operations, business or prospects of the Company
and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or expose it to liabilities
material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(vii) The Company has the authorized and outstanding capital
stock set forth in the Prospectus; the outstanding capital stock of
the Company conforms, and the Shares when issued and sold as herein
contemplated will conform, in all material respects, to all statements
in relation thereto contained in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus and all such stock has been duly authorized and the
outstanding capital stock has been and the Shares, when issued and
delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be validly
issued, fully-paid and nonassessable; except as stated in the
Prospectus, the stockholders of the Company have no preemptive rights
with respect to the Shares and there are no outstanding rights,
options or warrants to acquire any securities of the Company; to the
extent that any rights, options or warrants to acquire any securities
of the Company are outstanding, except as otherwise set forth in the
Prospectus, the issuance of the Shares as described in the Prospectus
will not result in an adjustment of the exercise price or number of
shares issuable upon the exercise in respect of any such rights,
options or warrants; and, except as otherwise set forth in the
Prospectus, the Company owns (directly or indirectly) under valid
title the respective outstanding shares of capital stock of the
Subsidiaries, free and clear of any material liens, encumbrances or
claims.
(viii) Except as otherwise set forth in the Prospectus, to the
best of its knowledge, each of the Company and the Subsidiaries owns
or possesses, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents,
patent licenses, trademarks, service marks and trade names necessary
to carry on its business as presently conducted, and except as set
forth in the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of the
Subsidiaries has received any notice of infringement of or conflict
with asserted rights of others with respect to any patents, patent
licenses, trademarks, service marks or trade names which, singly or in
the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or
finding, could materially and adversely affect the condition
(financial or otherwise), earnings, affairs, business or prospects of
the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(ix) Except as stated in the Prospectus, the Company holds in
good standing or has applied for all material licenses, permits,
authorizations, franchises, consents and orders of all federal, state,
local, and foreign governmental bodies necessary to carry on its
business as reflected or contemplated in the Prospectus; except as
stated in the Prospectus the Company has good and marketable title to
all personal property owned by it, in each case free and clear of all
liens, encumbrances and defects with such exceptions as are not
material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole; and to
the Company's knowledge, the real property and personal property
referred to in the Prospectus as held under lease by the Company is
held by it under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with only
such exceptions as in the aggregate are not material and do not
materially interfere with the conduct of the business of the Company
and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole as contemplated by the
Prospectus.
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(x) To the best of its knowledge, the Company is conducting and
proposes to conduct its business so as to comply in all material
respects with all applicable federal, state, local and foreign
governmental statutes, rules and regulations; and except as set forth
in the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is charged
with, or, to the best of the knowledge of the Company, is under
investigation with respect to, any violation of any of such statutes,
rules or regulations or is the subject of any pending or threatened
proceeding by any governmental body or regulatory authority relating
to any such violation, except for such violations which, individually
or in the aggregate, would not materially and adversely affect the
business or financial condition of the Company and the Subsidiaries
taken as a whole.
(xi) The Company and each of the Subsidiaries are insured by
insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses
and risks and in such amounts as are customary in the business in
which they are engaged; and neither the Company nor any of the
Subsidiaries has any reason to believe that it will not be able to
renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage
expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be
necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not materially
and adversely affect the business or financial condition of the
Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, except as described or
contemplated in the Prospectus.
(xii) Ernst & Young LLP, which has examined and expressed its
opinion on certain of the financial statements of the Company filed
with the Commission as a part of the Registration Statement, are, to
the Company's best knowledge, independent accountants with respect to
the Company within the meaning of the Act and the Rules and
Regulations; the financial statements, together with the related
notes, forming part of the Registration Statement and Prospectus
fairly present the financial condition of the Company and its results
of operations as of the dates and for the periods described in such
opinion in the Prospectus; and such financial statements have been
prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Commission.
(xiii) The Company and each of the Subsidiaries maintain a system
of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable
assurances that transactions are executed in accordance with
management's general or specific authorizations and are recorded as
necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles.
(xiv) Except as stated in the Prospectus, the Company knows of no
outstanding claims for services, either in the nature of a finder's
fee or origination fee, with respect to the transactions contemplated
hereby and the Related Transactions, and the Company agrees to
indemnify and hold the Underwriters harmless from any such claim for
any such services of such nature arising from the act of any person
other than any Underwriter.
(xv) No person holds a right to require or participate in the
registration under the Act of the Common Stock of the Company to be
effected by the Registration Statement, which right has not been
effectively waived by the holder thereof as of the date hereof.
(xvi) The Company has obtained from each of its officers,
directors and such holders of 1% or more of the shares of the
Company's Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby as are listed on
Schedule C hereto, an executed agreement that, except as otherwise
specifically authorized in such agreement, they will not, without the
prior written
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consent of Allen & Company Incorporated on behalf of the Underwriters,
sell, offer for sale, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of any
shares of the Company's Common Stock or any securities exercisable for
or convertible into its Common Stock for a period of 240 days from the
date of the final Prospectus, subject to certain exceptions.
3. PURCHASE, SALE AND DELIVERY OF SHARES. On the basis of the
representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the
terms and conditions herein set forth, (i) the Company agrees to sell to each
Underwriter and each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase
from the Company at a purchase price of $______ [INSERT PRICE AFTER
UNDERWRITERS' FEES] per Share, the aggregate number of Purchased Shares set
forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule A hereto.
The Company will deliver the Purchased Shares to you for the
accounts of the several Underwriters at the office of Allen & Company
Incorporated, 711 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York, against payment of the
purchase price therefor by certified or official bank check or checks in New
York Clearing House funds, payable to the order of Realty Information Group,
Inc. at 10:00 A.M., New York Time, on ____________________, 1998, or at such
other time and date not later than five full business days thereafter as you and
the Company may determine, such time and date of delivery and payment being
herein called the "First Closing Date". The certificates for the Shares to be so
delivered will be made available to you at such office for checking at least one
full business day prior to such Closing Date and will be in such names and
denominations as you may request not less than two full business days prior to
such Closing Date.
On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements
herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the
Company grants to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to 250,000 Option
Shares at the same price per share as the Underwriters shall pay for the
Purchased Shares. Such option may be exercised only to cover over-allotments
arising in connection with the sale of Purchased Shares by the Underwriters,
such exercise to be upon written notice by you to the Company within 45 days of
the date hereof setting forth the number of Option Shares as to which the
Underwriters are exercising the option, the denominations and names in which
certificates for such Shares should be registered and the time and place at
which such certificates are to be delivered. Such time and place (unless such
time is the First Closing Date), herein referred to as the "Second Closing
Date", shall be determined by you but shall not be earlier than the First
Closing Date, nor earlier than three full business days or later than ten full
business days after the exercise of such option. The Company will deliver Option
Shares to you for the accounts of the several Underwriters against payment of
the purchase price therefor by certified or official bank check or checks in New
York Clearing House funds payable to the order of the Company. The number of
Option Shares to be purchased by each Underwriter shall be in the same
proportion to the aggregate number of Option Shares purchased as the number of
Purchased Shares set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule A
hereto bears to 2,500,000.
It is understood that you, individually and not as the
Representatives of the several Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to)
make payment on behalf of any Underwriter or Underwriters for Shares to be
purchased by such Underwriter or Underwriters. Any such payment by you shall not
relieve any such Underwriter or Underwriters of any of its or their obligations
hereunder.
After the Registration Statement becomes effective, the several
Underwriters propose to offer the Shares to the public as set forth in the
Prospectus.
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4. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY. The Company covenants and agrees
with the several Underwriters that:
(a) The Company will use its best efforts to cause the
Registration Statement and any subsequent amendment thereto to become effective
as promptly as possible; it will notify you, promptly after it shall receive
notice thereof, of the time when the Registration Statement or any subsequent
amendment to the Registration Statement has become effective or any supplement
to the Prospectus has been filed; it will notify you promptly of any request by
the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement
or Prospectus or for additional information; it will prepare and file with the
Commission, promptly upon your request, any amendments or supplements to the
Registration Statement or Prospectus which, in your reasonable opinion, may be
necessary or advisable in connection with the distribution of the Shares by the
Underwriters; it will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, and
promptly notify you of the filing of, any amendments or supplements to the
Registration Statement or Prospectus which may be necessary to correct any
statements or omissions, if, at any time when a prospectus relating to the
Shares is required to be delivered under the Act, any event shall have occurred
as a result of which the Prospectus or any other prospectus relating to the
Shares as then in effect would include an untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading; in case any Underwriter is required to deliver a prospectus after
the nine-month period referred to in Section 10(a)(3) of the Act in connection
with sales of the Shares, it will prepare promptly upon request, but at the
expense of such Underwriter, such amendment or amendments to the Registration
Statement and such prospectus or prospectuses as may be necessary in such
Underwriter's reasonable opinion, to permit the sale of shares in the manner
determined by such Underwriter in compliance with the requirements of Section
10(a)(3) of the Act; and it will file no amendment or supplement to the
Registration Statement or Prospectus that shall not previously have been
submitted to you in writing a reasonable time prior to the proposed filing
thereof or to which you shall reasonably object in writing.
(b) The Company will advise you, promptly after it shall
receive notice or obtain knowledge thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of
any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of
any order suspending trading in the Shares or other of the Company's securities
or of the initiation or threat of any proceeding for that purpose; and it will
use promptly its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to
obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued.
(c) The Company will use its best efforts to qualify the
Shares for sale under the blue sky or securities laws of such jurisdictions as
you may reasonably designate and to continue such qualifications in effect for
so long as may be required for purposes of the distribution of the Shares,
except that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a
condition thereof to qualify as a foreign corporation or to execute a general
consent to service of process in any state.
(d) The Company will furnish to you, as soon as available,
copies of the Registration Statement (at least two of which will be signed and
will include all exhibits), each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, and any
amendments or supplements to such documents, including any prospectus prepared
to permit compliance with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act, all in such quantities as
you may from time to time reasonably request.
(e) The Company will make generally available to its
securityholders as soon as practicable, a financial statement (which will be in
reasonable detail but need not be audited) covering a 12-month period
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beginning after the effective date of the Registration Statement which shall
satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act.
(f) The Company agrees, during each fiscal year for a period
of five years from the date hereof, to furnish to its stockholders as promptly
as may be practicable an annual report (including financial statements audited
by independent public accountants) and to furnish quarterly financial statements
(which need not be audited and which may be condensed or summarized) for each of
the first three quarters of each fiscal year, statements of operations and
surplus of the Company for such quarter in reasonable detail and certified by
the Company's principal financial or accounting officer, or the Company's
quarterly report on Form 10-Q; (i) as soon as practicable after the end of each
fiscal year, financial statements of the Company as at the end of such fiscal
year, including statements of operations, retained earnings and changes in
financial position of the Company for such fiscal year, all in reasonable detail
and accompanied by a copy of the report thereon of independent public
accountants or the Company's annual report on Form 10-K; and (ii) as soon as
they are available, copies of all reports and financial statements furnished to
or filed with the Commission. During such period, if and so long as the Company
shall have active subsidiaries, the foregoing financial statements shall be on a
combined or consolidated basis to the extent that the accounts of the Company
and its subsidiaries are combined or consolidated.
(g) The Company covenants and agrees with the several
Underwriters that the Company will pay or cause to be paid the following: (i)
the fees, disbursements, and expenses of the Company's counsel and accountants
in connection with the registration of the Shares under the Act; (ii) all other
expenses in connection with the preparation, printing, and filing of the
Registration Statement, each Preliminary Prospectus, and the Prospectus and
amendments and supplements thereto, and the mailing and delivering of copies
thereof to the Underwriters and dealers; (iii) the cost of printing or
duplicating this Agreement, the Selected Dealer Agreement, the Blue Sky
Memorandum, and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase,
sale and delivery of the Shares; (iv) all costs and expenses in connection with
the issuance and delivery of the Shares hereunder to the Underwriters, including
related transfer taxes, if any; (v) all expenses in connection with the
qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under the securities laws of
various jurisdictions, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of
counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in
connection with the Blue Sky Survey; (vi) the filing fees incident to securing
any required review by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. of
the terms of the sale of the Shares; (vii) the costs of preparing stock
certificates; (viii) the cost and charges of any transfer agent or registrar;
and (ix) all other costs and expenses of the Company incident to the performance
of its obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for
in this Section 4. The Company shall reimburse the Underwriters, upon request
from time to time, for certain expenses as provided in the letter agreement
dated January 7, 1998 between the Company and Allen. If the Underwriters are
unable or unwilling to proceed with the offering on the terms and conditions set
forth in this Agreement for any reason (except as set forth in the proviso
below), the Underwriters shall bear all of their own out-of-pocket expenses,
including legal fees and disbursements and travel, roadshow and syndicate
expenses; provided, however, that if the Underwriters' decision not to proceed
with the offering on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement is
based upon any of the reasons specified in Section 10(a)(1), (excluding
termination for reasons that are beyond the reasonable control of the Company)
the Company shall be required to reimburse the Underwriters for their
out-of-pocket expenses as specified in the preceding sentence.
(h) The Company agrees that it will not, for a period of 240
days after the date of the final Prospectus, without the prior written consent
of Allen & Company Incorporated on behalf of the Underwriters, sell, offer for
sale, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of any shares of its Common Stock or
any securities exercisable for or
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convertible into shares of its Common Stock, other than (i) shares issuable
pursuant to currently outstanding rights, options and warrants, (ii) the grant
of options or shares under the Company's Stock Incentive Plan; or (iii) in
connection with the acquisition of work, products or businesses, provided that
in the case of this clause (iii) none of such shares shall be publicly
realizable during such 240 day period, subject to certain exceptions. In
addition, to the extent not obtained prior to the date hereof, the Company also
agrees to obtain the written agreement of each officer, director and holder of
1% or more of the shares of the Company's Common Stock as listed on Schedule C
hereto that such person will not, without such prior written consent, sell,
offer for sale, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of any of such Common
Stock or any securities exercisable for or convertible into Common Stock held by
such holder for a period of 240 days after the date of the final Prospectus,
except as may otherwise be specifically allowed in the agreements referenced in
paragraph 2(a)(xvi) above.
5. CONDITIONS OF UNDERWRITERS' OBLIGATIONS. The obligations of
the several Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Purchased Shares on the
First Closing Date and the Option Shares on the Second Closing Date, as provided
herein shall be subject to the accuracy, as of the date hereof and such Closing
Date (as if made on and as of such Closing Date), of the representations and
warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of its
obligations hereunder, and to the following additional conditions:
(a) The Registration Statement shall have become effective
not later than 5:30 P.M., New York City Time, on the date of this Agreement, or
such later date as shall be consented to in writing by you; if required, the
Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto shall have been filed with
the Commission in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b)
under the Act; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness thereof shall have
been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated or, to
the knowledge of the Company or any Underwriter, threatened by the Commission,
and any request of the Commission for additional information (to be included in
the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or otherwise) shall have been
complied with to your satisfaction.
(b) Prior to such Closing Date, except as contemplated in the
Prospectus, there shall not have been any change in the capital shares, nor the
issuance of any material rights, options, or warrants to purchase any capital
shares, nor any material increase or decrease in any long-term debt of the
Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any material adverse change in the
condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, business or prospects
of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries which in your reasonable judgment
renders it inadvisable to proceed with the offering and sale of the Shares.
(c) You shall have received the opinion of Wilmer, Cutler &
Pickering, counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to you and in substantially the form attached hereto as Schedule D
dated such Closing Date, to the effect that:
[(i) each of the Company, its Subsidiaries, RIGINC and RIGLP
has been duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing as a
corporation or limited partnership, as the case may be, in good standing
under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation with full corporate
power and authority to own its properties and to conduct its business as
described in the Registration Statement and is duly qualified to do
business as a foreign corporation or limited partnership, as the case may
be, in each state or jurisdiction where its operations and the ownership of
its properties requires such qualification, except with respect to
qualification as a foreign corporation or limited partnership, as the case
may be, in such jurisdictions in which the failure to
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so qualify has not had and will not have a material adverse effect on the
business of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(ii) the Company has authorized capital stock as set
forth in the Prospectus; all shares of Common Stock, including the Shares,
conform as to legal matters in all material respects to the appropriate
descriptions thereof under the heading "Description of Capital Stock" in
the Prospectus; all outstanding shares of Company capital stock have been
duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; and
the issuance of the Shares has been duly authorized and, when issued and
delivered in accordance with this Agreement, the Shares will be validly
issued, fully paid and non-assessable; and, except as described in the
Prospectus, the issuance of the Shares as described in the Prospectus will
not result in any adjustment of the exercise price or number of shares
issuable upon exercise in respect of any outstanding options or warrants of
the Company; and, except as otherwise set forth in the Registration
Statement, the Company owns (directly or indirectly) all of the respective
outstanding shares of capital stock of each of the Subsidiaries, free and
clear of any material liens, encumbrances or claims;
(iii) each of this Agreement and the RIG Contribution
Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company,
RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable, and constitutes a valid and binding
agreement of the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except
that (1) such enforcement may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect
relating to creditors' rights, (2) the remedy of specific performance and
injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to equitable
defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding
therefor may be brought, and (3) rights to indemnity or contribution
hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws; the sale of
the Shares under this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
herein contemplated and the Related Transactions do not result in a breach
or violation of any terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under,
any presently existing statute, or any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust,
note agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company,
RIGINC or RIGLP, as applicable, is a party or by which it or its properties
are bound or affected, or to which any of the material property or assets
of the Company, RIGINC or RIGLP, as applicable, or the Subsidiaries is
subject, the Company's or RIGINC's certificate of incorporation or by-laws,
RIGLP's organizational documents, or any order, rule or regulation of any
court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company,
RIGINC, RIGLP or the Subsidiaries or over their respective properties;
(iv) no consent, approval, authorization or order of any
court or governmental agency or body is required for the consummation by
the Company, RIGINC and RIGLP, as applicable, of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Transactions, except such as
may be required under the Act or as may be required under state securities
or blue sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the
Shares by the Underwriters;
(v) the Registration Statement has become effective under
the Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been
instituted or are pending or contemplated under the Act;
(vi) except as stated in the Prospectus, the Company and
the Subsidiaries hold all material licenses, permits, authorizations,
franchises, consents and orders, in each case valid and in good
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<PAGE>
standing, of Federal, State or local, and foreign governmental bodies
necessary to carry on their respective businesses as reflected in the
Registration Statement, except where the failure to hold any such license,
permit, authorization, franchise, consent or order, would not have a
material adverse effect on the business or operations of the Company and
the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
(vii) the agreements or documents to which the Company,
RIGINC, RIGLP or the Subsidiaries are a party which are summarized under
the headings "Management - Employment Agreements," "Management - Employee
Benefit Plans," "Certain Transactions" and "Description of Capital Stock -
Registration Rights" in the Prospectus conform in all material respects to
such summaries;
(viii) there are no legal or governmental proceedings
pending or threatened to which the Company RIGINC, RIGLP or any Subsidiary
is a party or to which any properties of the Company, RIGINC, RIGLP or the
Subsidiaries are subject which is required to be described in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus and is not so described;
(ix) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and
each amendment or supplement thereto, as of their respective effective or
issue dates, comply as to form in all material respects with the
requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations (except that such
counsel need express no opinion as to the financial statements, notes to
financial statements, related schedules or other financial or statistical
data contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus);
(x) all contracts and documents pertaining to the
Company, RIGINC, RIGLP required to be filed as Exhibits to the Registration
Statement have been filed as required or have been appropriately
incorporated by reference and all contracts and documents required to be
described in the Prospectus have been accurately described therein in all
material respects;
(xi) Such counsel shall also state that it has
participated in conferences with officers and other representatives of the
Company, representatives of the independent public accountants for the
Company and the representatives of the Underwriters, at which the contents
of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and related matters were
discussed and, although such counsel is not passing upon and does not
assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the
statements contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, on
the basis of the foregoing (relying as to materiality to a large extent
upon the opinions of officers and other representatives of the Company), no
facts have come to such counsel's attention which lead such counsel to
believe that the Registration Statement (except with respect to the
financial statements and schedules thereto and other financial or
statistical data, as to which such counsel need not make any statement) at
the time it became effective or at the Closing Date contained any untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, or that the Prospectus (except with respect to the financial
statements and schedules thereto and other financial or other statistical
data, as to which such counsel need not make any statement) on the date
thereof or on the Closing Date contained any untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were
made, not misleading.
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<PAGE>
In rendering the foregoing opinions, such counsel may
rely as to factual matters on certificates of officers and representatives of
the Company or any Subsidiary and of public officials, and will not be required
to independently verify the accuracy or completeness of information or documents
furnished to it in respect to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus. To
the extent that such counsel's opinion relates to the laws of jurisdictions
other than Delaware, such counsel shall be permitted to rely on the opinion of
local counsel reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the several Underwriters.]
(d) You shall have received from Werbel & Carnelutti, A
Professional Corporation, counsel for the several Underwriters, an opinion or
opinions, dated such Closing Date, in form and substance satisfactory to you,
with respect to such legal matters relating to this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby as you may reasonably require, and the Company
shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they may have requested
for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters.
(e) You shall have received, at the time of execution of
this Agreement and on such Closing Date from Ernst & Young LLP, independent
public accountants, a letter or letters, dated the date of delivery thereof,
substantially in the form and substance heretofore approved by you.
(f) You shall have received a certificate, dated such
Closing Date, of each of the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief
Financial Officer of the Company, delivered on behalf of the Company, to the
effect that:
(i) the representations and warranties of the Company
in this Agreement and the RIG Contribution Agreement are true and
correct in all material respects as if made on and as of such Closing
Date; and the Company has complied in all material respects with all
such agreements and satisfied in all material respects all the
conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to
such Closing Date;
(ii) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of
the Registration Statement has been issued, and, to their knowledge,
no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are
contemplated by the Commission; and
(iii) except as contemplated in the Prospectus, none of
the Company, RIGINC, RIGLP or any Subsidiary has incurred any direct or, to the
Company's knowledge, contingent material liabilities or obligations since the
date of the financial statements included in the Prospectus, other than
liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business, or entered into any
material transactions or contracts not in the ordinary course of business, and
there has not been any material change in its capital shares, nor the issuance
of any rights, options, or warrants to purchase any capital shares, nor any
material increase or decrease in any thereof or in any long-term debt or any
material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise) results of
operations, business or prospects of the Company, RIGINC, RIGLP and the
Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(g) The Company shall have furnished to you such
certificates, in addition to those specifically mentioned herein, as you may
have reasonably requested, as to the accuracy and completeness at such Closing
Date of any statement in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, as to the
accuracy at such Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the
Company herein, as to the performance by the Company of its obligations
hereunder, and as to the fulfillment of the conditions concurrent and precedent
to the obligations of the Underwriters hereunder.
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<PAGE>
(h)The Company shall have furnished to you the agreements
described in Section 2(a)(xvi) of this Agreement.
6. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) The Company will indemnify and hold
harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter
within the meaning of the Act, against any losses, claims, damages or
liabilities, joint or several, to which such Underwriter or such controlling
person may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses,
claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or
are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material
fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the
Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based
upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading,
and will reimburse each Underwriter and each such controlling person for any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter or such
controlling person in connection with investigating or defending against any
such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that the
Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss,
claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement
or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the
Registration Statement, such Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or such
amendment or such supplement in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through you specifically
for use therein; and provided further, that the foregoing indemnity with respect
to Preliminary Prospectuses shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter
(or to the benefit of any person controlling such Underwriter) if such untrue
statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in any
Preliminary Prospectus is eliminated or remedied in the Prospectus and a copy of
the Prospectus has not been furnished to the person asserting any such losses,
claims, damages, or liabilities at or prior to the written confirmation of the
sale of such Shares to such person. The indemnity agreement of the Company
contained in this paragraph (a) and the representations and warranties of the
Company contained in Section 2 hereof shall remain operative and in full force
and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any
indemnified party and shall survive the delivery of and payment for the Shares.
(b) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, will
indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its
officers who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who
controls the Company within the meaning of the Act, against any losses, claims,
damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which the Company or any such
director, officer or controlling person may become subject, under the Act or
otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in
respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement of any material fact contained in the Registration Statement,
any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement
thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to
state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to
the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission
or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through you specifically
for use therein; and will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably
incurred by the Company or any such director, officer or controlling person in
connection with investigating or defending against any such loss, claim, damage,
liability or action. Such indemnity obligation will be in addition to any
liability which such Underwriter may otherwise have. The indemnity agreement of
each Underwriter contained in this paragraph (b) shall remain operative and in
full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of
any indemnified party and shall survive the delivery of and payment for the
Shares.
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<PAGE>
(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under
this Section of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party
will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party
under this Section, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof.
Indemnification shall not be available to any party who shall fail so to give
notice, if the party to whom notice was required to be given was unaware of the
action, suit, investigation, inquiry or proceeding to which the notice would
have related, to the extent that such party was prejudiced by the failure to
give notice; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party will not
relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party
otherwise than under this Section. In case any such action is brought against
any indemnified party, and it notifies the indemnifying party of the
commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate
therein and, to the extent that it may wish jointly with any other indemnifying
party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel chosen by
such indemnifying party which is reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified
party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of
its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not
be liable to such indemnified party under this Section for any legal or other
expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the
defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however,
that (i) if the indemnified party reasonably determines that there may be a
conflict between the positions of the indemnifying party and of the indemnified
party in conducting the defense of such action, suit, investigation, inquiry or
proceeding, then counsel for the indemnified party shall be entitled to conduct
the defense to the extent reasonably determined by such counsel to be necessary
to protect the interests of the indemnified party and (ii) in any event, the
indemnified party shall be entitled to have counsel chosen by such indemnified
party participate in, but not conduct, the defense at the sole expense of the
indemnified party. No indemnifying party shall be liable to any indemnified
party in respect to any settlement effected without its prior written consent,
which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In addition, the indemnifying
party will not, without the prior written consent of an indemnified party,
settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or
threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification
may be sought hereunder if such indemnified party is a party to such claim,
action or suit or proceeding), unless such settlement, compromise or consent
includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability
arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding.
7. CONTRIBUTION. In order to provide for contribution in
circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in Section 6(a) or 6(b)
hereof is for any reason, other than the first proviso to Section 6(a), held to
be unavailable, the Company and the Underwriters shall contribute to the
aggregate losses, claims, damages and liabilities of the nature contemplated by
such indemnification provisions (including any investigation, legal and other
expenses incurred in connection with, any amount paid in settlement of, any
action, suit or proceeding or any claims asserted, but after deducting any
contribution received by the Company from persons other than the Underwriters,
such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the
Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors
of the Company, who may also be liable for contribution) to which the Company
and one or more of the Underwriters may be subject, in such proportions so that
the Underwriters are responsible for that portion in each case represented by
the percentage that the respective underwriting discounts appearing on the cover
page of the Prospectus bear to the public offering price of the Shares, and the
Company are responsible for the remaining portion in such proportion as the
Shares offered by the Company bear to the total number of Shares; provided,
however, that (i) except as may be provided in its Master Agreement Among
Underwriters provided to Allen & Company Incorporated, in no case shall any
Underwriter be responsible for any amount in excess of the underwriting discount
applicable to the Shares purchased by such Underwriter hereunder, and (ii) no
person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section
11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not
guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 7,
each person, if any, who controls an
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<PAGE>
Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act shall have the same
rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and each person, if any, who
controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act, each officer
of the Company who shall have signed the Registration Statement and each
director of the Company shall have the same right to contribution as the
Company, subject in each case to clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 7. Any
party entitled to contribution will, promptly after receipt of notice of
commencement of any action, suit or proceeding against such party in respect of
which a claim for contribution may be made against another party or parties
under this Section 7, notify such party or parties from whom contribution may be
sought, but the omission to so notify such party or parties shall not relieve
the party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other
obligation it or they may have hereunder or otherwise than under this Section 7.
No party shall be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim
settled without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
8. REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS TO SURVIVE DELIVERY. All
representations, warranties and agreements of the Company and the Underwriters
herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall remain operative and
in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of
any Underwriter or any controlling person, the Company, or any of its officers,
directors, or controlling persons, and shall survive delivery of the Shares to
the several Underwriters hereunder.
9. SUBSTITUTION OF UNDERWRITERS. If any Underwriter or
Underwriters shall fail to take up and pay for the number of Shares to be
purchased by such Underwriter or Underwriters hereunder upon tender of such
Shares in accordance with the terms hereof, and if the aggregate number of
Shares which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters so agreed but failed to
purchase does not exceed 10% of the Shares, the remaining Underwriters shall be
obligated severally in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder to
take up and pay for the Shares of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters.
If one or more of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse (other than for a reason
sufficient to justify the termination of this Agreement) to purchase on any
Closing Date the aggregate number of Shares agreed to be purchased by such
Underwriter or Underwriters and the aggregate number of Shares agreed to be
purchased by such Underwriter or Underwriters shall exceed 10% of the aggregate
number of Shares to be sold on any Closing Date hereunder by the Company to the
Underwriters, then the other Underwriters shall have the right to purchase or
procure one or more other underwriters to purchase, in such proportions as they
may agree upon and upon the terms herein set forth, the Shares which such
defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed to purchase, and this Agreement
shall be carried out accordingly. If such other Underwriters do not exercise
such right within thirty-six hours after receiving notice of any such default,
which notice the Representatives shall have also promptly delivered to the
Company, then the Company shall have the right to procure another party or
parties reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives to purchase or agree to
purchase such Shares on the terms herein set forth. If the Company is unable to
procure another such party, the Company may notify the Representatives that the
non-defaulting Underwriters are, by the giving of such notice, released from
their obligations to purchase such number of Shares being sold hereunder by the
Company as are indicated in such notice as, when subtracted from the total
number of Shares originally agreed to be purchased by all of the Underwriters
hereunder, shall leave a reduced number of Shares to be purchased by the
non-defaulting Underwriters not in excess of 110% of the aggregate number of
Shares originally contracted to be purchased hereunder by the non-defaulting
Underwriters, and each of them, in which event such non-defaulting Underwriters
shall purchase such reduced number of Shares. In any such case, either the
Representatives or the Company shall have the right to postpone any Closing Date
for a period of not more than seven business days in order that necessary
changes and arrangements may be effected by the Representatives and the Company.
If neither the non-defaulting Underwriters nor the Company shall make
arrangements within the period stated for the purchase of the Shares which such
defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed to purchase, including such
arrangements for the purchase of a reduced number of Shares as are
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<PAGE>
provided for in this Section 9, then this Agreement shall terminate without
liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriters to the Company and
without liability on the part of the Company to the Underwriters.
In the event of any termination of this Agreement pursuant to
the preceding paragraph of this Section, the Company shall not be under any
liability to any Underwriter (except as provided in Section 4(g) and 6 hereof)
nor shall any Underwriter (other than an Underwriter who shall have failed,
otherwise than for some reason permitted under this Agreement, to purchase the
number of Shares to be purchased by such Underwriter hereunder, which
Underwriter shall remain liable to the Company and the other Underwriters for
damages resulting from such default) be under any liability to the Company
(except as provided in Section 6 hereof).
The term "Underwriter" in this Agreement shall include any
person substituted for an Underwriter under this Section 9.
10. EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS AGREEMENT AND TERMINATION. This
Agreement shall become effective at such time after the declaration by the
Commission of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement as you in your
discretion shall first release the Shares for sale to the public. For the
purposes of this Section the Shares shall be deemed to have been released for
sale to the public upon release by you for publication of a newspaper
advertisement relating to the Shares or upon release by you of letters or
telegrams offering the Shares for sale to securities dealers, whichever shall
first occur. By giving notice as hereinafter specified before the time this
Agreement becomes effective, you, as Representatives of the several
Underwriters, or the Company may prevent this Agreement from becoming effective
without liability on the part of the Company to any Underwriter or of any
Underwriter to the Company, other than as provided in Sections 4(g) and 6
hereof.
(a) You, as Representatives of the several Underwriters,
shall have the right to terminate this Agreement by giving notice as hereinafter
specified at any time at or prior to the First Closing Date if (i) the Company
shall have failed, refused or been unable, at or prior to the First Closing
Date, to perform any material agreement on its part to be performed, or because
any other material condition of the Underwriters' obligations hereunder required
to be fulfilled by the Company is not fulfilled; (ii) trading on the New York
Stock Exchange shall have been suspended, or minimum or maximum prices for
trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall
have been required, on the New York Stock Exchange by the New York Stock
Exchange or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority
having jurisdiction, since the execution of this Agreement; (iii) a banking
moratorium shall have been declared by Federal or New York authorities since the
execution of this Agreement; or (iv) an outbreak of major hostilities or other
national calamity shall have occurred. Any such termination shall be without
liability on the part of the Company to any Underwriter or of any Underwriter to
the Company other than as provided in Sections 4(g) and 6 hereof.
(b) If you elect to prevent this Agreement from
becoming effective or to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section,
the Company shall be notified promptly by you by telephone or telegram,
confirmed by letter. If the Company shall elect to prevent this Agreement from
becoming effective, you shall be notified promptly by the Company by telephone
or telegram, confirmed by letter.
11. NOTICES. All notices or communications hereunder, except
as herein otherwise specifically provided, shall be in writing and if sent to
you shall be mailed, delivered or telecopied and confirmed to you c/o Allen &
Company Incorporated, 711 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10022, with copy to
Werbel & Carnelutti, a
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Professional Corporation, 711 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10022, Attention:
Robert H. Werbel, Esq., or if sent to the Company shall be mailed, delivered or
telecopied and confirmed to the Company at 7475 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814, with a copy to Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, 2445 M Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20037-1420, Attention: Richard W. Cass, Esq. Notice to any
Underwriter pursuant to Section 6 shall be mailed, delivered or telecopied and
confirmed to such Underwriter's address as set forth in its Master Agreement
Among Underwriters furnished to Allen & Company Incorporated.
12. PARTIES. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and
be binding upon the several Underwriters, the Company and their respective
successors and assigns. Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is
intended or shall be construed to give any person or corporation, other than the
parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns and the controlling
persons, officers and directors referred to in Section 6, any legal or equitable
right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision
herein contained; this Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof being
intended to be and being for the sole and exclusive benefit of the parties
hereto and their respective successors and assigns and said controlling persons
and said officers and directors, and for the benefit of no other person or
corporation. No purchaser of any of the Shares from any Underwriter shall be
construed a successor or assign merely by reason of such purchase.
In all dealings with the Company under this Agreement, you
shall be and are authorized to act on behalf of each of the several
Underwriters, and the Company shall be entitled to act and rely upon any
statement request, notice or agreement on behalf of each of the several
Underwriters if the same shall have been made or given in writing by you.
13. APPLICABLE LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York
applicable to agreements made, and to be fully performed, therein.
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<PAGE>
If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding
between the Company and the several Underwriters, please so indicate in the
space provided below for that purpose whereupon this letter shall constitute a
binding agreement between the Company and the several Underwriters.
Very truly yours,
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
By:_____________________________
Andrew C. Florance, President
Accepted as of the date
first above written:
ALLEN & COMPANY INCORPORATED
NEEDHAM & COMPANY, INC.
By: Allen & Company Incorporated
By: ______________________________
Name:
Title:
On behalf of each of the several
Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto.
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<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
NUMBER OF
PURCHASED SHARES
-------------------
Allen & Company Incorporated . . . . .
Needham & Company, Inc. . . . . . . .
------
======
Total . . . . . . . . . . . .
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE B
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE C
LOCKED UP HOLDERS
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE D
FORM OF COMPANY COUNSEL OPINION
<PAGE>
2,500,000 SHARES
REALTY INFORMATION GROUP, INC.
COMMON STOCK
-----------------------
SELECTED DEALER AGREEMENT
_________________, 1998
Dear Sirs:
1. PURCHASE OF SECURITIES BY THE SEVERAL UNDERWRITERS. The
several Underwriters named in the enclosed Prospectus, on whose behalf we are
acting as Representatives, have severally agreed to purchase from Realty
Information Group, Inc. (the "Company") an offering of 2,500,000 Shares of the
Company's Common Stock (the "Shares"), as set forth in the Prospectus and
subject to the terms of the Underwriting Agreement between the several
Underwriters and the Company. The Shares are described in the Prospectus,
additional copies of which will be supplied in reasonable quantities upon
request to us.
2. OFFERING TO SELECTED DEALERS. One or more of the several
Underwriters acting through us are severally offering a portion of the Shares to
certain dealers ("Selected Dealers") as principals, subject to the terms and
conditions of their purchase, to the terms and conditions hereof, and to the
modification or cancellation of the offering without notice, at the public
offering price set forth in the Prospectus, less a concession not in excess of
$____ per Share. Shares purchased by the several Underwriters, and not sold to
the Selected Dealers as aforesaid, may be sold by the several Underwriters. Any
of the several Underwriters may be included among the Selected Dealers.
The offering of a portion of the Shares to Selected Dealers
may be made on the basis of reservations or allotments against subscription. We
are advising you by telegram of the method and terms of the offering. Acceptance
of any reserved Shares received by us at the office of Allen & Company
Incorporated, 711 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10022, after the time
specified therefor in the telegrams, and any subscriptions for additional
Shares, will be subject to prior sale and allotment. Subscription books may be
closed by us at any time without notice, and the right is reserved to reject any
subscriptions in whole or in part.
3. OFFERING TO PUBLIC BY SELECTED DEALERS. Upon receipt of
the aforementioned telegram, the Shares purchased by you hereunder may be
re-offered to the public in conformity with the terms of offering set forth in
the Prospectus. You may, in accordance with the rules of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., reallow a concession of $_____ per
Share sold by you to any other dealer or broker who is a member of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., provided such discount is retained.
Neither you nor any other person is or has been authorized by
the Company, any of the several Underwriters or us to give information or make
any representations in connection with the sale of the Shares other than those
contained in the Prospectus.
<PAGE>
In the event that during the term of this agreement we, as
Representatives for the account of the several Underwriters, shall purchase or
contract to purchase, at or below the original public offering price set forth
in the Prospectus, any of the Shares purchased by you hereunder (which Shares
theretofore were not effectively placed for investment by you, including Shares
represented by transfers), we may, at our election, either (a) require you to
repurchase such Shares at a price equal to the total cost of such Shares
purchased by us, including brokerage commissions, if any, and transfer taxes on
the redelivery, or (b) charge you with and collect from you an amount equal to
the selling concession with respect to the Shares so purchased by us.
4. PAYMENT AND DELIVERY. Payment for the Shares which you
have agreed to purchase hereunder shall be made by you on _________, 1998, or
such later date as we may advise you, at 9:00 a.m., New York Time, at Allen &
Company Incorporated's office at 711 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10022, by
certified or bank cashier's check payable in New York Clearing House funds to
the order of Allen & Company Incorporated, against delivery of such Shares.
Delivery instructions must be in our hands at said address at such time as we
request.
Additional Shares confirmed to you shall be delivered on such
date or dates as we shall advise you.
5. BLUE SKY MATTERS. Neither we nor any of the several
Underwriters shall have any obligation or responsibility with respect to the
right of any dealer to sell the Shares in any jurisdiction, notwithstanding any
information which may be furnished as to the states under the securities laws of
which it is believed the Shares may be sold.
6. TERMINATION. This agreement shall terminate 20 full days
after the First Closing Date (as defined in the Underwriting Agreement) but may
be extended for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 20 days as we
may determine. We may terminate this Agreement at any time without prior notice.
Notwithstanding the termination of this agreement, you shall remain liable for
your portion of any transfer tax or other liability which may be asserted or
assessed against us or any one or more of the several Underwriters or Selected
Dealers based upon the claim that the Selected Dealers or any of them constitute
a partnership, an association, an unincorporated business or other separate
entity.
7. OBLIGATIONS OF SELECTED DEALERS. Your acceptance hereof
will constitute an obligation on your part to purchase, upon the terms and
conditions hereof, the aggregate amount of the Shares reserved for and accepted
by you and to perform and observe all the terms and conditions hereof.
You are not authorized to act as agent for any of the several
Underwriters in offering Shares to the public or otherwise. Nothing contained
herein shall constitute the Selected Dealers an association, or partners with
the several Underwriters, with us, or with each other.
8. POSITION OF THE REPRESENTATIVES. We shall have full
authority to take such action as we may deem advisable in respect of all matters
pertaining to the offering or arising hereunder, but shall act only as
Representatives of the several Underwriters. Neither we nor any of the several
Underwriters shall be under any liability to you, except for our own want of
good faith, obligations assumed in this agreement, or any liabilities arising
under the Securities Act of 1933. No obligation not expressly assumed by us in
this agreement shall be implied hereby or inferred herefrom.
-2-
<PAGE>
9. NOTICES. All communications from you should be addressed
to us, c/o Allen & Company Incorporated, 711 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York
10022. Any notice from us to you shall be deemed to have been duly given if
mailed or telegraphed to you at the address to which this letter is mailed.
-3-
<PAGE>
Please confirm the foregoing by signing the duplicate copy of
this agreement enclosed herewith and returning it to us at the address in
Section 9 above.
Very truly yours,
ALLEN & COMPANY INCORPORATED
NEEDHAM & COMPANY, INC.
By: Allen & Company Incorporated
By: ______________________________
Name:
Title:
-4-
<PAGE>
ALLEN & COMPANY INCORPORATED
As Representatives of the several Underwriters
c/o Allen & Company Incorporated
711 Fifth Avenue
New York, New York 10022
Sirs:
We hereby confirm our agreement to purchase __________ Shares
of Realty Information Group, Inc. (the "Shares"), subject to your acceptance or
rejection in whole or in part in the case of a subscription subject to allotment
or in excess of any reservation, and subject to all the other terms and
conditions stated in the foregoing letter.
We hereby acknowledge receipt of the prospectus relating to
the above described Shares (the "Prospectus") and we further state that in
purchasing the Shares confirmed to us we have relied upon such Prospectus and on
no other statements whatsoever, written or oral.
We hereby represent that we are a member in good standing of
the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ("NASD") and agree to
comply with the provisions of Article III, Section 24 of the NASD's Rules of
Fair Practice (the "NASD Rules"), or, if we are not such a member, we are a
foreign dealer or institution that is not registered under Section 15(b) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that hereby agrees (i) to make no sales
within the United States, its territories or its possessions or to persons who
are citizens thereof or residents therein, (ii) if the offering of the Shares is
one within the scope of the NASD's Interpretation with Respect to Free-Riding
and Withholding, not to make other sales of Shares to persons enumerated in
paragraphs "1" through "5" of such Interpretation or in a manner inconsistent
with paragraph "6" thereof and (iii) to comply with the provisions of Rules
2730, 2740, 2420 and 2750 of the NASD Conduct Rules.
Name of Selected Dealer
----------------------------------
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(Authorized Signature)
Dated: ______________, 1998
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Auditors
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" and to the
use of our reports dated March 12, 1998 for Realty Information Group, Inc.,
February 10, 1998 for Realty Information Group, L.P., and March 12, 1998 for OLD
RIG, Inc., in Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement (Form S-1 No.
333-47953) and related Prospectus of Realty Information Group, Inc. for the
registration of 2,500,000 shares of its common stock.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Washington, D.C.
June 11, 1998