<PAGE>
FILE PURSUANT TO RULE 424(b)(5)
FILE NUMBER: 333-54027
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated December 1, 1999)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
$305,000,000
(APPROXIMATE)
CENTEX HOME EQUITY LOAN TRUST 1999-4
Centex Home Equity Loan Asset-Backed Certificates,
[LOGO] Series 1999-4
Centex Credit Corporation
d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation
Originator and Servicer
CHEC Asset Receivable Corporation
Depositor
</TABLE>
Consider carefully
the risk factors
beginning on page
S-11 in this
prospectus
supplement and
page 13 in the
prospectus.
The Class A
certificates will
represent interests
in the trust only and
will not be
guaranteed by or
represent interests
in or obligations of
Centex Home
Equity Corporation
or any of its
affiliates.
This prospectus
supplement may be
used to offer and
sell the certificates
only if accompanied
by the prospectus.
The Trust will issue pursuant to this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying
Prospectus:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CLASS A PRINCIPAL FINAL SCHEDULED
CERTIFICATES BALANCE CERTIFICATE RATE DISTRIBUTION DATE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-1 $68,000,000 7.17% December 2018
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-2 $20,000,000 7.22% May 2022
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-3 $39,000,000 7.33% September 2026
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-4 $30,000,000 7.65% November 2028
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-5 $19,850,000 7.96% (or 8.46% for each interest period February 2031
after the servicer first fails to exercise
its clean-up call option), subject to an
interest rate cap.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-6 $19,650,000 7.52%, subject to an interest rate cap. February 2031
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A-7 $108,500,000 One-Month LIBOR plus 0.35% (or One-Month February 2031
LIBOR plus 0.70% for each interest period
after the servicer first fails to exercise
its clean-up call option), subject to an
available funds cap.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
* Principal balances subject to variance of plus or minus 5%.
THE CERTIFICATES
- - Interest and principal on the certificates are scheduled to be paid monthly on
the 25(th) day of the month or, if the 25(th) is not a business day, on the
next business day. The first scheduled distribution date is January 25, 2000.
- - Distributions on the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5 and
Class A-6 certificates will be primarily based on a group of closed-end fixed
rate home equity loans. Distributions on the Class A-7 certificates will be
primarily based on a group of closed-end adjustable rate home equity loans.
- - The Class A certificates currently have no trading market.
- - The Class A certificates will have the benefit of two irrevocable and
unconditional financial guaranty insurance policies issued by MBIA Insurance
Corporation, as certificate insurer, guaranteeing timely payment of interest
and ultimate payment of principal to the holders of the Class A certificates.
[LOGO]
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED THE CERTIFICATES OR DETERMINED THAT THIS PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT OR THE PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE
CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
The underwriters listed below will offer the Class A certificates from time to
time in negotiated transactions or otherwise at varying prices to be determined
at the time of sale. Proceeds to the depositor with respect to the Class A
certificates are expected to be approximately $304,134,706, excluding accrued
interest, and before deducting issuance expenses payable by the depositor,
estimated to be $600,000. We expect that delivery of the Class A certificates
will be made in book-entry form through the facilities of The Depository Trust
Company, Cedelbank and the Euroclear System on or about December 15, 1999.
SALOMON SMITH BARNEY BANC OF AMERICA SECURITIES LLC
December 1, 1999
<PAGE>
IMPORTANT NOTICE ABOUT INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND
THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS
We provide information to you about the certificates in two separate
documents that provide progressively more detail:
- the accompanying Prospectus, which provides general information, some of
which may not apply to your certificates; and
- this Prospectus Supplement, which describes the specific terms of your
certificates.
YOU SHOULD RELY PRIMARILY ON THE DESCRIPTION OF YOUR CERTIFICATES IN THIS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference
in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus. We have not
authorized anyone to provide you with different information.
We are not offering the Class A certificates in any state where the offer is not
permitted.
Dealers will deliver a Prospectus Supplement and Prospectus when acting as
underwriters of the Class A certificates. In addition, all dealers selling the
Class A certificates will be required to deliver a Prospectus Supplement and
Prospectus until March 1, 2000.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CAPTION PAGE
- ------- --------
<S> <C>
Summary............................... S-3
Risk Factors.......................... S-11
Description of the Home Equity
Loans............................... S-20
Prepayment and Yield Considerations... S-39
Formation of the Trust and Trust
Property............................ S-51
Description of the Certificates....... S-52
The Policies and the Certificate
Insurer............................. S-66
Use of Proceeds....................... S-70
Certain Federal Income Tax
Considerations...................... S-71
Certain State Tax Considerations...... S-73
ERISA Considerations.................. S-73
Legal Investment Considerations....... S-75
Underwriting.......................... S-75
Experts............................... S-76
Legal Matters......................... S-76
Ratings............................... S-76
Index of Defined Terms................ S-77
Annex I............................... I-1
</TABLE>
PROSPECTUS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CAPTION PAGE
- ------- --------
<S> <C>
Prospectus Supplement................. 2
Reports to Holders.................... 2
Available Information................. 2
Incorporation of Certain Documents by
Reference........................... 3
Summary of Terms...................... 4
Risk Factors.......................... 13
The Depositor......................... 17
The Seller and the Servicer........... 17
Description of the Securities......... 26
The Trust Funds....................... 33
Enhancement........................... 38
The Agreements........................ 39
Certain Legal Aspects of the Home
Equity Loans........................ 54
Use of Proceeds....................... 61
Federal Income Tax Consequences....... 62
State Tax Consequences................ 84
ERISA Considerations.................. 85
Legal Investment...................... 89
Plan of Distribution.................. 89
Legal Matters......................... 89
Index of Defined Terms................ 90
</TABLE>
S-2
<PAGE>
SUMMARY
- This summary highlights selected information from this Prospectus
Supplement and does not contain all of the information that you need to
consider in making your investment decision. To understand all of the
terms of the offering of the Class A certificates, you should read
carefully this entire Prospectus Supplement and accompanying Prospectus.
- This summary provides an overview to aid your understanding and is
qualified by the full description of this information in this Prospectus
Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus.
- You can find a listing of the pages where capitalized terms used in this
Prospectus Supplement are defined under the caption "Index of Defined
Terms" beginning on page S-77 in this Prospectus Supplement.
ISSUER
- - Centex Home Equity Loan Trust 1999-4.
DEPOSITOR
- - CHEC Asset Receivable Corporation, a Nevada corporation and wholly owned
subsidiary of Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation.
ORIGINATOR
- - Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation.
- - The Originator will sometimes be referred to in this Prospectus Supplement as
"CHEC".
SELLERS
- - Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation.
- - CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC.
CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC is a limited purpose entity and an affiliate of Centex
Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation.
SERVICER
- - Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation.
CERTIFICATE INSURER
- - MBIA Insurance Corporation, a New York stock insurance company.
TRUSTEE
- - Harris Trust and Savings Bank.
STATISTICAL CALCULATION DATE
- - The close of business on November 15, 1999.
- - All statistical information relating to the home equity loans presented in
this Prospectus Supplement is given as of the statistical calculation date.
CUT-OFF DATE
- - The opening of business on December 1, 1999.
- - The cut-off date is the date on and after which the issuer will be entitled to
receive all collections and proceeds of the home equity loans.
CLOSING DATE
December 15, 1999.
DISTRIBUTION DATE
The 25th day of each month, or if the 25th day is not a business day, then the
next succeeding business day. The first distribution date will be January 25,
2000.
RECORD DATE
- - For any distribution date and each class of fixed rate certificates, the last
business day of the month immediately preceding the calendar month in which
the distribution date occurs.
- - With respect to any distribution date and the variable rate certificates, the
last business day immediately preceding the distribution date or, if
definitive certificates are issued, the last business day of the month
immediately preceding the calendar month in which the distribution date
occurs.
S-3
<PAGE>
THE CERTIFICATES
On the closing date, the trust will issue the Class A certificates, the
Class X-IO certificates and the Class R certificates. The Class A certificates
are senior certificates and the Class X-IO and the Class R certificates are
subordinate certificates.
CLASS A CERTIFICATES
The Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-6 and
Class A-7 certificates.
CLASS R CERTIFICATES
The Class R-1 and Class R-2 certificates.
OFFERED CERTIFICATES
The Class A certificates.
NON-OFFERED CERTIFICATES
The Class X-IO certificates and Class R certificates are not being offered to
the public. We have included information with respect to the Class X-IO and
Class R certificates in this Prospectus Supplement solely to provide you a
better understanding of the Class A certificates.
GROUP I CERTIFICATES
The Group I certificates will be the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3,
Class A-4, Class A-5 and Class A-6 certificates. Distributions on the Group I
certificates will be primarily derived from payments on the home equity loans in
Group I.
GROUP II CERTIFICATES
The Group II certificates will be the Class A-7 certificates. Distributions on
the Group II certificates will be primarily derived from payments on the home
equity loans in Group II.
FIXED RATE CERTIFICATES
The Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-5 and Class A-6
certificates.
VARIABLE RATE CERTIFICATES
The Class A-7 certificates.
DENOMINATIONS
The Class A certificates will be offered for purchase in denominations of $1,000
and multiples of $1 above $1,000.
BOOK-ENTRY REGISTRATION
We will issue the Class A certificates in book-entry form. You will hold your
interests either through a depository in the United States or through one of two
depositories in Europe. While the Class A certificates are book-entry they will
be registered in the name of the nominee of the depository in the United States.
FINAL SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTION DATE
The final scheduled distribution date for each class of Class A certificates is
as set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus Supplement.
DISTRIBUTIONS TO CLASS A CERTIFICATEHOLDERS
You will be entitled to receive payments of interest on each distribution date.
We may reduce the amount of interest that you are entitled to receive on any
distribution date as a result of the application of the Soldiers' and Sailors'
Civil Relief Act of 1940.
- - The amount of principal you will be entitled to receive will vary depending on
a number of factors, including the payments received on the home equity loans.
- - If you hold a Class A certificate on the applicable record date, you will be
entitled to receive payments on the related distribution date.
INTEREST
FIXED RATE CERTIFICATE INTEREST
The interest rate on any distribution date for a fixed rate certificate will be
the interest rate set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus Supplement.
The interest period with respect to each distribution date and a fixed rate
certificate is the calendar month preceding the month of the distribution date.
For example, if the distribution date occurs on February 25, 2000, the interest
S-4
<PAGE>
period would be the month of January 2000. Each calendar month will be deemed to
have 30 days and each year will be deemed to have 360 days. Therefore, if you
are a holder of a fixed rate certificate you would use the following formula to
calculate your interest payment on any distribution date:
30 X IR X PB = your interest payment
- ---
360
IR = the applicable per annum fixed interest rate, subject to (1) in the case of
the Class A-5 and Class A-6 Certificates, an interest rate cap and (2) in
the case of the Class A-5 certificates, an increase of 0.50% per annum if
the servicer does not exercise its clean-up call option.
PB = the principal balance of your fixed rate certificate immediately prior to
any distributions on the distribution date.
The interest rate cap is the weighted average net coupon of the Group I home
equity loans related to the applicable distribution date.
If you are a holder of a fixed rate certificate, we will increase the interest
payment we owe to you for a distribution date by any unpaid amounts we owe to
you from prior distribution dates, plus accrued interest at the applicable
certificate rate.
If you are a holder of a Class A-5 or Class A-6 certificate, you will not
receive additional funds on future distribution dates to compensate you for any
reduction in the amount of interest paid to you on a prior distribution date
because of the effect of the interest rate cap.
VARIABLE RATE CERTIFICATE INTEREST
The interest rate on any distribution date with respect to the variable rate
certificates will be the interest rate set forth on the cover page of this
Prospectus Supplement.
The interest period with respect to each distribution date and the variable rate
certificates is the period from and including the previous distribution date (or
the closing date in the case of the first distribution date) to and including
the day preceding the related distribution date. Interest on the variable rate
certificates will accrue during the related interest period on the basis of the
actual number of days elapsed in the related interest period and a year
consisting of 360 days. Therefore if you are a holder of a variable rate
certificate, you would use the following formula to calculate your interest
payment on any distribution date:
N X IR X PB = your interest payment
- ---
360
N = number of days in the interest period
IR = the per annum floating interest rate for the interest period, subject to
both (1) an available funds cap and (2) a doubling of the applicable margin
if the servicer does not exercise its clean-up call option.
PB = the principal balance of your variable rate certificate immediately prior
to any distributions on the distribution date.
If you are a holder of a variable rate certificate, we will increase the
interest payment we owe to you for a distribution date by any unpaid amounts we
owe to you from prior distribution dates, plus accrued interest at the
applicable certificate rate.
Additionally, we will pay to you, on future distribution dates, the amount by
which we reduce the interest payment we owe to you because of the effect of the
available funds cap. Payment of these amounts will be made on a subordinated
basis, to the extent that money is available to make these payments.
PRINCIPAL
On each distribution date, the amount available for distributions of principal
for each home equity loan group will include principal collections, plus any
excess interest collections required to be distributed to satisfy the required
level of overcollateralization less any decrease in the required level of
overcollateralization of the related home equity loan group.
S-5
<PAGE>
GROUP I CERTIFICATES
On each distribution date principal will be distributed to the Group I
certificates in the following order of priority:
- - first, to the Class A-6 certificates, for each distribution date on or after
the distribution date in January, 2003 in an amount up to a specified amount;
and
- - second, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4 and Class A-5
certificates, in that order, so that each class does not receive any principal
payments until the principal balance of the prior class has been reduced to
zero.
The Class A-6 certificate is a "lock-out" certificate. If you are a holder of a
Class A-6 certificate generally you will not be entitled to receive payments of
principal until the distribution date in January, 2003. From that point on, you
will be entitled to receive an increasing percentage of your class's
proportionate share of principal payable to the Group I Certificates, based on a
schedule.
GROUP II CERTIFICATES
On each distribution date we will distribute principal to the Group II
certificates as follows:
- - to the Class A-7 certificates, until the principal balance of the Class A-7
certificates has been reduced to zero.
TRUST PROPERTY
The trust property is held by the trustee for the benefit of the
certificateholders and the certificate insurer. The trust property includes:
- - a pool of closed-end fixed rate home equity loans secured by first and second
deeds of trust or mortgages on one-to-four family residential properties
transferred to the trust on the closing date; and
- - a pool of closed-end adjustable rate home equity loans secured by first deeds
of trust or mortgages on one-to four-family residential properties transferred
to the trust on the closing date;
- - payments on the home equity loans received on and after the cut-off date;
- - property that secured a home equity loan which has been acquired by
foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure;
- - amounts on deposit in the accounts specified in this Prospectus Supplement;
- - rights under any hazard insurance policies, if any, covering the mortgaged
properties; and
- - proceeds of the foregoing.
The Group I certificates and the Group II certificates will also each have the
benefit of a separate financial guaranty insurance policy issued by MBIA
Insurance Corporation.
THE HOME EQUITY LOANS
We will divide the home equity loans into two groups. Each of the home equity
loan groups will constitute a separate sub-trust. The Group I home equity loan
group will contain home equity loans that bear interest at fixed rates. The
Group II home equity loan group will contain home equity loans that bear
interest at rates that adjust semi-annually based on six-month LIBOR and the
applicable gross margin (subject to the limitations described in this Prospectus
Supplement). The initial rate adjustment date for those home equity loans that
bear interest at an adjustable rate is either six months or two years after the
date of origination of the related home equity loan.
All of the home equity loans in the trust have been originated by CHEC, an
affiliate of CHEC or a broker for simultaneous assignment to CHEC.
The home equity loans are not and will not be guaranteed by the depositor, the
sellers, the servicer, the certificate insurer, the trustee or any of their
affiliates. None of the home equity loans is insured by a primary mortgage
insurance policy.
The statistical information presented in this Prospectus Supplement is, as of
the statistical calculation date, with respect to 3,586 home equity loans, of
which 2,698 are fixed-rate home equity loans and 888 are adjustable-rate home
equity loans. Prior to the closing date, additional home equity loans will be
added to each home equity loan group and some home equity loans
S-6
<PAGE>
may be removed from each home equity loan group, subject to the consent of the
certificate insurer.
As a result, the characteristics of the home equity loans in each home equity
loan group as of the cut-off date will differ from the characteristics presented
in this Prospectus Supplement as of the statistical calculation date. The
depositor does not expect a material change in the weighted average
characteristics of either home equity loan group.
The home equity loans are secured by mortgaged properties located in 45 states
and the District of Columbia.
GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
The home equity loans in Group I will have the following characteristics as of
the statistical calculation date:
- - number of home equity loans: 2,698
- - aggregate principal balance: $155,551,622.30
- - average principal balance: $57,654.42
- - maximum principal balance: $418,291.97
- - minimum principal balance: $2,470.99
- - last maturity date: 11/15/29
- - interest rates range: 6.99% to 18.10%
- - weighted average interest rate: 11.76% (approximate)
- - weighted average remaining term to stated maturity, based on principal
balance: 317 months (approximate)
- - remaining term to stated maturity range: 58 months to 360 months
- - weighted average combined loan-to-value ratio: 79.10% (approximate)
- - no original combined loan-to-value ratio exceeded 99.98%
- - balloon loans: 1.60%
- - secured by first lien on the mortgaged property: 92.29%
- - secured by second lien on the mortgaged property: 7.71%
GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
The home equity loans in Group II will have the following characteristics as of
the statistical calculation date:
- number of home equity loans: 888
- aggregate principal balance: $85,970,467.26
- average principal balance: $96,813.59
- maximum principal balance: $500,000.00
- minimum principal balance: $15,366.95
- last maturity date: 11/15/29
- weighted average interest rate: 11.04% (approximate)
- interest rates range: 7.75% to 15.99%
- weighted average remaining term to stated maturity, based on principal
balance: 358 months (approximate)
- remaining term to stated maturity range: 59 months to 360 months
- weighted average loan-to-value ratio: 83.33% (approximate)
- no original loan-to-value ratio exceeded 99.98%
- weighted average gross margin: 6.44% (approximate)
- gross margins range: 0.00% to 11.15%
- weighted average maximum interest rate: 18.04% (approximate)
- maximum interest rate range: 14.75% to 22.99%
- weighted average minimum interest rate: 11.04% (approximate)
- minimum interest rate range: 7.75% to 15.99%
- - Six-Month Adjustable Rate Loans:
- number of home equity loans: 146
- weighted average remaining period until interest rate adjustment: 5 months
(approximate)
S-7
<PAGE>
- initial payment adjustment: effective with the seventh monthly payment
period
- weighted average initial interest rate adjustment cap: 1.00% (approximate)
- weighted average semi-annual interest rate adjustment cap: 1.00%
(approximate)
- weighted average lifetime interest rate cap: 17.78% (approximate)
- - 2/28 Adjustable Rate Loans:
- number of home equity loans: 742
- weighted average remaining period until next interest rate adjustment: 23
months (approximate)
- initial payment adjustment: effective with the 25th monthly payment period
- weighted average initial interest rate adjustment cap: 2.00% (approximate)
- weighted average semi-annual interest rate adjustment cap: 1.00%
(approximate)
- weighted average lifetime interest rate cap: 18.09% (approximate)
DELINQUENCY ADVANCES AND COMPENSATING INTEREST
Each month the servicer will determine the amount of any unpaid interest due on
the home equity loans. If the servicer believes that unpaid interest can be
recovered, then the servicer will either:
- - advance the unpaid interest to the trust out of its own funds; or
- - advance the unpaid interest to the trust out of collections on the home equity
loans that are not required to be distributed on the related distribution
date.
The servicer will reimburse the trust for amounts advanced from trust
collections prior to the date on which these amounts are required to be a part
of any amounts distributable to you.
The servicer will provide to the trust the amount of any shortfall in the
anticipated collection of interest on a home equity loan that is caused by a
full prepayment of a home equity loan up to the amount of the aggregate
servicing fee for the related period.
The servicer is entitled to be reimbursed by the trust for any delinquency
advances from the related home equity loan and, if such delinquency advance is a
non-recoverable advance, from collections on all the home equity loans of the
related home equity loan group prior to any distributions to you. The servicer
is also entitled to be reimbursed by the trust for any delinquency advances, as
well as unreimbursed payments of compensating interest, from all the home equity
loans to the extent funds are available after making other required
distributions on the related distribution date.
SERVICING ADVANCES
Unless the servicer determines that any proposed advance is not recoverable from
the related home equity loan, the servicer will pay all "out of pocket" costs
and expenses incurred in the performance of its servicing obligations,
including, but not limited to:
- - expenditures in connection with a foreclosed home equity loan prior to the
liquidation thereof;
- - the cost of any enforcement or judicial proceedings, including foreclosures;
and
- - the cost of the management and liquidation of property acquired in
satisfaction of the related home equity loan.
The servicer is entitled to be reimbursed by the trust for any servicing
advances from the related home equity loan and also from all the home equity
loans to the extent funds are available after making other required
distributions on the related distribution date.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
CERTIFICATE INSURANCE POLICIES
MBIA Insurance Corporation will issue two certificate guaranty insurance
policies for the benefit of the related Class A certificates.
The policies will unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the timely payment
of interest on and
S-8
<PAGE>
the ultimate payment of the principal amount of each class of Class A
certificates.
On each distribution date, the trustee will calculate to what extent the funds
available to make the payments of principal and interest are insufficient to
(1) pay current interest on the Class A certificates or (2) reduce the principal
balance of the related Class A certificates to an amount equal to the principal
balance of the home equity loans in the related home equity loan group. If an
insufficiency exists, then the trustee will make a draw on the related policy.
In addition, each policy will guarantee the full payment of the principal
balance of each class of Class A certificates on the distribution date in
February 2031.
The policies do not guarantee:
- - any shortfalls related to the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940,
as amended;
- - any shortfalls resulting from the application of any interest rate cap or
available funds cap; and
- - that the principal balance of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3 or
Class A-4 certificates will be paid in full on their final scheduled
distribution dates.
If for any reason the certificate insurer does not make the payments required in
the related policy, you will have to rely on the home equity loans for your
payments of interest and principal and you may suffer a loss.
OVERCOLLATERALIZATION
Overcollateralization is calculated as the amount by which the aggregate
principal balance of the home equity loans in the related home equity loan group
exceeds the principal balance of the Class A certificates related to the home
equity loan group. The Group I certificates and the Group II certificates will
not have the benefit of any overcollateralization on the closing date. Following
the closing date, excess interest collections, if any, will be applied as
accelerated payments of principal to the class or classes of certificates then
entitled to receive distributions of principal until the overcollateralization
level for a home equity loan group equals a specified required
overcollateralization level.
If there are not sufficient excess interest collections, the required
overcollateralization level will not be reached or maintained. In addition,
realized losses on the home equity loans will reduce the amount of
overcollateralization. If realized losses on the home equity loans result in the
overcollateralization amount for a home equity loan group becoming negative, to
the extent that excess amounts are not available from the related home equity
loan group or the other home equity loan group, a draw will be made on the
related policy. The required overcollateralization level for each home equity
loan group may be increased, reduced or eliminated by the certificate insurer
without your consent.
CROSSCOLLATERALIZATION
Each home equity loan group provides for limited crosscollateralization of the
Class A certificates related to the other home equity loan group. Excess amounts
generated by one home equity loan group will be available to fund shortfalls in:
- - the payment of the trustee fee and the insurance premium owed to the
certificate insurer with respect to the other home equity loan group;
- - the payment of interest and principal on the Class A certificates related to
the other home equity loan group;
- - the reimbursement of the certificate insurer for amounts owed in respect of
the other home equity loan group; and
- - the required overcollateralization level of the other home equity loan group.
OPTIONAL TERMINATION
The servicer may, at its option, terminate the trust on any date on which the
aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A certificates is less than
10% of the initial aggregate principal balance of the Class A
S-9
<PAGE>
certificates on the closing date. We refer to this option as the Servicer's
clean-up call option.
OPTIONAL PURCHASE OF DEFAULTED HOME EQUITY LOANS
The servicer has the option, but is not obligated, to purchase from the trust
any home equity loan that becomes delinquent for two consecutive monthly
installments, subject to the limitations described in the pooling and servicing
agreement.
CERTAIN FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
In the opinion of Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP, counsel to the sellers and the
trust, for federal income tax purposes, the trust will include two real estate
mortgage investment conduits or "REMICs", subject to the considerations
discussed under "CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS" in this Prospectus
Supplement. The Class A certificates will constitute "regular interests" in a
REMIC and will be treated as debt instruments of the REMIC for federal income
tax purposes with payment terms equivalent to the terms of the certificates.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Subject to the considerations and conditions described under "ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS" in this Prospectus Supplement, we expect that the Class A
certificates may be purchased by a pension or other employee benefit plan
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The Class A certificates will not constitute "mortgage related securities" for
purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984. Accordingly,
many institutions with legal authority to invest in comparably rated securities
may not be legally authorized to invest in the Class A certificates.
CERTIFICATE RATING
It is a condition to the issuance of the Class A certificates that they receive
ratings of "AAA" by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a division of The
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. and "Aaa" by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
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RISK FACTORS
You should consider the following risk factors together with all the
information contained in this Prospectus Supplement and the related Prospectus
in deciding whether to purchase any of the certificates.
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PERFORMANCE MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE Although CHEC began originating home equity loans in
SERVICER'S LIMITED EXPERIENCE 1994, prior to October 1997 CHEC sold substantially all
of its home equity loans in whole loan transactions on a
servicing released basis. Consequently, the servicer has
approximately two years of historical loss data relating
to its home equity loan portfolio that you may refer to
for purposes of examining the loss experience of home
equity loans similar to the home equity loans being sold
to the trust. Moreover, the servicing of home equity
loans of the type included in the trust (as compared to
the servicing of conforming or prime home equity loans)
requires special skill and diligence. The servicing of
these types of home equity loans generally requires more
attention to each account, earlier and more frequent
contact with borrowers in default and commencing the
foreclosure process at an earlier stage of default. The
servicer has limited experience servicing home equity
loans similar to the home equity loans being sold to the
trust. The servicer will directly service all of the
home equity loans in the trust. The servicer's relative
lack of experience in servicing home equity loans may
result in greater losses on the home equity loans and
result in accelerated prepayments on your certificates.
You will bear any reinvestment risk resulting from any
accelerated prepayments.
THE BORROWERS HAVE LESS THAN PERFECT CHEC's underwriting standards generally are less
CREDIT stringent than those of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac with
respect to a borrower's credit history, collateral and
in other respects. The home equity loans originated or
acquired by CHEC or its affiliates have been made to
borrowers that typically have limited access to
traditional mortgage financing for a variety of reasons,
including impaired past credit experience, limited
credit history, insufficient home equity value, or a
high level of debt-to-income ratios. As a result of this
approach to underwriting, the home equity loans may
experience higher rates of delinquencies, defaults and
foreclosures than home equity loans underwritten in
accordance with Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac's guidelines.
NEWLY ORIGINATED HOME EQUITY LOANS MAY Approximately 99.15% the Group I home equity loans and
DEFAULT approximately 99.81% of the Group II home equity loans
were originated within twelve months prior to the
statistical calculation date. The weighted average
remaining term to stated maturity of the Group I and
Group II home equity loans as of the statistical
calculation date is approximately 317 months and 358
months, respectively. Although little data is
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available, defaults on home equity loans, including home
equity loans similar to the home equity loans expected
to be included in the trust, are generally expected to
occur with greater frequency in the early years of the
terms of home equity loans.
THE RATE OF RETURN OF PRINCIPAL IS OVERVIEW. Generally, if prevailing interest rates fall
UNCERTAIN DUE TO PREPAYMENTS significantly below the coupon rates on the home equity
loans, the home equity loans are likely to be subject to
higher prepayment rates than if prevailing rates remain
at or above the coupon rates on the home equity loans.
Conversely, if prevailing interest rates rise
significantly above the coupon rates on the home equity
loans, the rate of prepayments is likely to decrease.
The average life of your certificates and, if purchased
at other than par, the yields realized by you will be
sensitive to levels of payment (including prepayments
relating to the home equity loans) on the home equity
loans.
In general, if you purchase a Class A certificate at a
premium to the outstanding principal amount thereof the
yield on your certificate may be adversely affected by a
higher than anticipated level of prepayments of the home
equity loans. Conversely, if you purchase a Class A
certificate at a discount to the outstanding principal
amount thereof, the yield on your certificate may be
adversely affected by a lower than anticipated level of
prepayments.
MANY OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS HAVE NO PREPAYMENT
PENALTIES. Approximately 42.22% of the Group I home
equity loans and approximately 27.82% of the Group II
home equity loans, in each case as of the statistical
calculation date, may be prepaid in whole or in part at
any time without penalty. Home equity loans may not be
viewed by borrowers as permanent financing. Accordingly,
the home equity loans in the trust may experience a
higher rate of prepayment than traditional mortgage
loans. The trust's prepayment experience may be affected
by a wide variety of factors, including general economic
conditions, interest rates, the availability of
alternative financing and homeowner mobility.
DUE-ON-SALE CLAUSES. All of the home equity loans
contain due-on-sale provisions and the servicer is
required by the pooling and servicing agreement to
enforce these provisions unless the enforcement is not
permitted by applicable law or the servicer, in a manner
consistent with reasonable commercial practice, permits
the purchaser of the related mortgaged property to
assume the home equity loan. To the extent permitted by
applicable law, any assumption will not release the
original borrower from its obligation under any home
equity loan.
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2/28 ADJUSTABLE RATE LOANS. Approximately 84.22% of the
Group II home equity loans, as of the statistical
calculation date, have a two year fixed rate term
followed by a 28 year adjustable rate term. As with all
home equity loans, the rate of prepayments on these 2/28
adjustable rate loans which are in the initial fixed
rate period is sensitive to prevailing interest rates.
The prepayment behavior of the 2/28 adjustable rate
loans may differ from that of the other home equity
loans. As a 2/28 adjustable rate loan approaches its
initial adjustment date, the borrower may become more
likely to refinance the loan to avoid an increase in the
coupon rate, even if fixed rate loans are only available
at rates that are slightly lower or higher than the
coupon rate before adjustment. The existence of the
applicable periodic rate cap, lifetime cap and lifetime
floor also may affect the likelihood of prepayments
resulting from refinancings.
EFFECT OF HOME EQUITY LOAN YIELD ON Approximately 15.78% of the Group II home equity loans,
CERTIFICATE RATE OF CLASS A-7 as of the statistical calculation date, adjust
CERTIFICATES; BASIS RISK semi-annually based upon the London interbank offered
rate for six-month United States dollar deposits. We
refer to these loans in this Prospectus Supplement as
the six-month adjustable rate loans. Approximately
84.22% of the Group II home equity loans, as of the
statistical calculation date, are 2/28 adjustable rate
loans. These home equity loans provide for a fixed
interest rate for a period of approximately two years
following origination and thereafter provide for
interest rate and payment adjustments in a manner
similar to the six-month adjustable rate loans.
The interest rate for the Class A-7 certificates is
determined in accordance with and adjusts monthly based
upon one-month LIBOR, and is subject to the Class A-7
available funds cap. One-month LIBOR and six-month LIBOR
may respond to different economic and market factors,
and there is not necessarily a correlation between them.
Thus, it is possible, for example, that one-month LIBOR
may rise during periods in which six-month LIBOR is
stable or is falling or that, even if both one-month
LIBOR and six-month LIBOR rise during the same period,
one-month LIBOR may rise more rapidly than six-month
LIBOR. Furthermore, even if one-month LIBOR and
six-month LIBOR were at the same level, the Class A-7
available funds cap may still limit the amount of
interest that would otherwise be distributable on the
Class A-7 certificates. The operation of the Class A-7
available funds cap may cause the certificate rate of
the Class A-7 certificates to be reduced for extended
periods in a rising interest rate environment. Although
we intend that we will pay to you on future distribution
dates the amount by which we reduce a Class A-7
certificateholder's interest payment because of the
Class A-7
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available funds cap, we cannot assure you that excess
funds will be available to make these payments.
In addition, Group II home equity loans are subject to
periodic adjustment caps and maximum rate caps, and the
weighted average margin is subject to change based upon
prepayment experience, which also may result in the
Class A-7 available funds cap limiting increases in the
certificate rate for the class. Finally, the Group II
home equity loans accrue interest on the basis of a
360-day year assumed to consist of twelve 30-day months,
while calculations of interest on the Class A-7
certificates will be made on the basis of the actual
number of days elapsed in the related interest period
and a year of 360 days. This may result in the
Class A-7 available funds cap limiting the certificate
rate for the Class A-7 certificates to less than LIBOR
plus the applicable margin in interest periods that have
more than 30 days related to the loan group.
If you are a holder of a Class A-7 certificate and the
certificate rate is limited in any period by the
Class A-7 available funds cap you may suffer a
temporary or permanent decline in the market value of
your certificates.
EFFECT OF PREPAYMENTS OF GROUP I HOME The Class A-5 and A-6 certificates are subject to an
EQUITY LOANS ON CERTIFICATE RATES OF interest rate cap based on the weighted average net
CLASSES A-5 AND A-6; INTEREST RATE RISK coupon rate of the home equity loan group as of the time
that interest on the certificates is due. If there is a
sufficiently high prepayment rate with respect to home
equity loans bearing a higher coupon than the weighted
average coupon of the pool as a whole, the interest rate
payable on the Class A-5 and A-6 certificates may become
subject to the interest rate cap.
If you are a Class A-5 or Class A-6 certificateholder
and the stated fixed rate payable on your certificates
is reduced as a result of the interest rate cap, you may
suffer a decline in the market value of your
certificates.
THE CERTIFICATE INSURANCE POLICIES DO NOT Payments of interest on the Class A Certificates are
COVER SHORTFALLS IN INTEREST PAYMENTS subject to an available funds cap or interest rate cap,
RESULTING FROM APPLICATION OF AN depending on the class of certificates. The insurance
AVAILABLE FUNDS OR INTEREST RATE CAP, OR policies guarantee payments of interest on the Class A
CERTAIN OTHER REDUCTIONS IN AVAILABLE certificates only up to the amount of any available
INTEREST DISTRIBUTIONS REQUIRED BY LAW funds or interest rate cap. In addition, the certificate
insurance policies do not cover reductions in available
interest distributions required by the Soldiers' and
Sailors' Relief Act of 1940, as amended. As a result,
you may realize a lower than anticipated yield on your
investments.
YIELD CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO EXCESS If the Class A certificates related to a home equity
CASH loan group are overcollateralized by the home equity
loan group below the required amount, excess interest,
if any, will be
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distributable on the related Class A certificates as a
payment of principal. If purchased at a premium or a
discount, the yield to maturity on your certificate will
be affected by the rate at which excess interest is
distributed as a payment of principal. If the actual
rate of excess interest distribution is slower than the
rate anticipated by an investor who purchases a related
Class A certificate at a discount, the actual yield to
the investor will be lower than the investor's
anticipated yield. If the actual rate of excess interest
distribution is faster than the rate anticipated by an
investor who purchases a related Class A certificate at
a premium, the actual yield to the investor will be
lower than the investor's anticipated yield. The amount
of excess interest available for distribution with
respect to a home equity loan group on any distribution
date will be affected by:
- the actual amount of interest received, collected
or recovered in respect of the home equity loans
during the calendar month prior to the related
distribution date;
- changes in the weighted average of the coupon
rates of the home equity loans resulting from
prepayments and liquidations of home equity loans;
- adjustments in the interest rates on the Group II
home equity loans; and
- adjustments in the certificate rate on the
Class A-7 certificates.
The amount of excess interest distributed as principal
on the Class A certificates related to a home equity
loan group will be based on the required amount of
overcollateralization. The required level of
overcollateralization may increase or decrease during
the period that the related classes of Class A
certificates remain outstanding. Any increase in the
required level of overcollateralization for the Class A
certificates related to a home equity loan group may
result in an accelerated rate of amortization of the
related Class A certificates until the
overcollateralization for the Class A certificates
equals the required amount of overcollateralization. Any
decrease in the required amount of overcollateralization
will result in a decelerated rate of amortization of the
related Class A certificates until the
overcollateralization for the Class A certificates is
reduced to the required amount of overcollateralization
for the Class A certificates.
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LIQUIDATION OF HOME EQUITY LOANS COULD OVERVIEW. Even assuming that the mortgaged properties
CAUSE PAYMENT DELAYS AND/OR LOSSES provide adequate security for the related home equity
loans, substantial delays in receiving proceeds could be
encountered by the trust in connection with the
liquidation of defaulted home equity loans. As a result,
shortfalls in distributions on Class A certificates
could occur if the certificate insurer were unable to
perform its obligations under the policies. Further,
liquidation expenses (including legal fees, real estate
taxes, and maintenance and preservation expenses) will
reduce the proceeds payable on the Class A certificates
and thereby reduce the security for the home equity
loans. In the event any of the mortgaged properties fail
to provide adequate security for the related home equity
loans, holders of Class A certificates could experience
a loss if the certificate insurer were unable to perform
its obligations under the policies.
SECOND LIENS. As of the statistical calculation date,
approximately 92.29% of the aggregate principal balance
of the Group I home equity loans are secured by first
liens on the related properties, and approximately 7.71%
of the aggregate principal balance of the Group I home
equity loans are secured by second liens on the related
properties. With respect to home equity loans that are
junior in priority to liens having a first priority with
respect to the related mortgaged property, the servicer
has the power, in some cases, to consent to a new
mortgage lien on the mortgaged property having priority
over the home equity loan in connection with the
refinancing of the first lien. Home equity loans secured
by second mortgages are entitled to proceeds that remain
from the sale of the related mortgaged property after
any related senior home equity loan and prior statutory
liens have been satisfied. In the event that the
proceeds are insufficient to satisfy the loans and prior
liens in the aggregate and the certificate insurer is
unable to perform its obligations under the policy, the
trust and, accordingly, you, bear (1) the risk of delay
in distributions while a deficiency judgment, if any,
against the borrower is sought and (2) the risk of loss
if the deficiency judgment cannot be obtained or is not
realized upon.
HOME EQUITY LOANS TRANSFERRED TO THE TRUST Following the transfer of the home equity loans to the
MAY HAVE CHARACTERISTICS THAT DIFFER trust on the closing date, the characteristics of the
FROM THOSE OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS home equity loans may differ from the information
PRESENTED HEREIN WHICH MAY REDUCE YOUR presented in this Prospectus Supplement. The
YIELD TO MATURITY characteristics that may differ include, among others,
the composition of the home equity loans and of the
borrowers thereof, the credit quality of the home equity
loans, the distribution by interest rate, the
distribution by principal balance, the distribution by
loan-to-value ratio and the distribution by remaining
term to stated maturity. You should consider potential
variances when making your investment decision
concerning the Class A certificates. In
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addition, as a result of the changes in the home equity
loans included in the trust, the principal balance of
each class of certificates is subject to a variance of
plus or minus 5%.
THERE COULD BE DELAYS IN DISTRIBUTIONS ON The sale of the home equity loans from the sellers to
YOUR CERTIFICATES IF THE TRANSFER OF the depositor and the depositor to the trust will be
HOME EQUITY LOANS TO THE TRUST IS NOT treated by the sellers, the depositor and the trust as a
CONSIDERED A SALE IN THE EVENT OF sale of the home equity loans. In the event of an
BANKRUPTCY insolvency of either seller, it is possible that a
receiver or conservator for, or a creditor of, either
seller or the depositor, may argue that the transaction
between each seller, the depositor and the trust, with
respect to the home equity loans was a pledge of the
home equity loans in connection with a borrowing rather
than a true sale. This attempt, even if unsuccessful,
could result in delays in distributions on the Class A
certificates.
PREPAYMENT INTEREST SHORTFALLS MAY RESULT When a full principal prepayment is made on a home
IN LOSS OF INTEREST equity loan, the mortgagor is charged interest only up
to the date of the prepayment instead of for a full
month, which may result in a prepayment interest
shortfall. The servicer is obligated to pay those
shortfalls in interest collections payable on the
Class A certificates that are attributable to prepayment
interest shortfalls, but only to the extent of the
aggregate servicing fee for the related due period.
Neither the servicing fee nor the policy will be
available to cover any shortfalls in interest
collections on the home equity loans that are
attributable to the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief
Act of 1940. Prepayment interest shortfalls, after
application of the servicing fee as described above,
will be covered by the related policy.
GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION MAY AFFECT As of the statistical calculation date, approximately
PERFORMANCE 15.99%, 8.68% and 6.55% of the Group I home equity loans
are located in Texas, Florida and Tennessee,
respectively, and approximately 8.25%, 7.53%, 6.96%,
6.04% and 5.79% of the Group II home equity loans are
located in California, Texas, North Carolina, New York
and Ohio, respectively. To the extent that the related
regions have experienced or may experience in the future
weaker economic conditions or greater rates of decline
in real estate values than the United States generally,
a concentration of the home equity loans may be expected
to exacerbate the foregoing risks. The sellers and the
depositor can neither quantify the impact of any recent
property value declines on the home equity loans nor
predict whether, to what extent or for how long declines
may continue.
Properties in California may be more susceptible than
homes located in other parts of the country to certain
types of uninsured hazards, such as earthquakes, as well
as floods, wildfires, mudslides and other natural
disasters.
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VIOLATIONS OF CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS MAY Approximately 2.90% of the aggregate principal balance
RESULT IN LOSSES of the home equity loans are subject to the Home
Ownership and Equity Protection Act of 1994.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS--CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS
MAY AFFECT HOME EQUITY LOANS" AND "CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS
OF LOANS" IN THE PROSPECTUS FOR MORE DETAILS
REDUCTION IN CERTIFICATE RATING COULD HAVE The rating of the Class A certificates will depend
AN ADVERSE EFFECT ON THE VALUE OF YOUR primarily on an assessment of the claims-paying ability
CERTIFICATES of the certificate insurer and on an assessment by the
rating agencies of the home equity loans. Any reduction
in a rating assigned to the claims-paying ability of the
certificate insurer below the rating initially given to
the Class A certificates may result in a reduction in
the rating of the Class A certificates.
The rating by the rating agencies of the Class A
certificates is not a recommendation for you to
purchase, hold or sell the Class A certificates,
inasmuch as the rating does not comment as to the market
price or suitability for a particular investor. There is
no assurance that the ratings will remain in place for
any given period of time or that the ratings will not be
lowered or withdrawn by the rating agencies. In general,
the ratings address credit risk and do not address the
likelihood of prepayments on home equity loans, the
likelihood of the payment of any interest payable to
Class A-7 certificateholders on a subordinated basis due
to the application of any available funds cap described
under the section "DESCRIPTION OF THE
CERTIFICATES--Certificate Rate" or the possibility that
Class A certificateholders might realize a lower than
anticipated yield. The ratings of the Class A
certificates also do not address the possibility of the
imposition of United States withholding tax with respect
to non-U.S. persons.
Any downgrade in the rating of the certificate insurer
will likely result in the downgrade of the rating of the
Class A certificates. None of the sellers, the servicer
or depositor is required to maintain the rating of the
Class A certificates. Any downgrade in the ratings
assigned to your certificates will result in a decline
in the market value of your certificates.
COMPUTER PROBLEMS IN THE YEAR 2000 MAY The year 2000 issue is the result of prior computer
RESULT IN LOSSES programs being written using two digits, rather than
four digits, to define the applicable year. Any of the
servicer's computer programs that have time-sensitive
software may recognize a date using "00" as the year
1900 rather than the year 2000. Any occurrence could
result in a major computer system failure or
miscalculations. The servicer is presently engaged in
various procedures to ensure that their computer systems
and software will be year 2000 compliant. With regard to
the servicing systems used by the servicer, the servicer
has
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received written verification from its software provider
that the software systems used by the servicer are year
2000 compliant. The software provider indicated that it
has obtained statements from its third party hardware,
software and service providers confirming that the goods
and services they provide the software provider are year
2000 compliant. In addition, the servicer's software
provider has provided the servicer with a written
assurance that the provider has put into place
contingency plans to address all of its internal
business critical areas, including any non-conformity
with respect to year 2000 of the provider's systems.
However, in the event that the servicer, or any of its
suppliers, customers, brokers or agents do not
successfully and timely achieve year 2000 compliance,
the performance of obligations of the servicer under the
pooling and servicing agreement could be materially
adversely affected.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS
OVERVIEW
The statistical information presented in this Prospectus Supplement
concerning the pool of home equity loans (the "Home Equity Loans") is based on
the pool of Home Equity Loans CHEC Asset Receivable Corporation (the
"Depositor") expects to transfer to Centex Home Equity Loan Trust 1999-4 (the
"Trust") on the date of issuance of the Class A Certificates (the "Closing
Date"). The statistical information concerning the Home Equity Loans is as of
the close of business on November 15, 1999 (the "Statistical Calculation Date").
This subsection describes characteristics of the Home Equity Loans. Unless
otherwise noted, all statistical percentages in this Prospectus Supplement are
measured by the aggregate principal balance of the related Home Equity Loans as
of the Statistical Calculation Date. Prior to the Closing Date, additional Home
Equity Loans will be added to each Home Equity Loan Group and other Home Equity
Loans may be removed from a Home Equity Loan Group, subject to the consent of
the Certificate Insurer. As a result, the characteristics of the Home Equity
Loans in each Home Equity Loan Group as of the Cut-Off Date will differ from the
characteristics presented in this Prospectus Supplement as of the Statistical
Calculation Date. The Depositor does not expect any material change in the
weighted average characteristics of any Home Equity Loan Group.
Each Home Equity Loan in the Trust will be assigned to one of two home
equity loan groups ("Group I" and "Group II," respectively, and each a "Home
Equity Loan Group"). Each Home Equity Loan Group will constitute a separate
sub-trust. The Home Equity Loans in Group I (the "Group I Home Equity Loans")
will bear interest at fixed interest rates. The Home Equity Loans in Group I are
referred to as the "Group I Home Equity Loans." The Home Equity Loans in
Group II (the "Group II Home Equity Loans") will bear interest at adjustable
rates. The Home Equity Loans in Group II are referred to as the "Group II Home
Equity Loans." Distributions on the Group I Certificates will be based primarily
on amounts available for distribution in respect of the Group I Home Equity
Loans. Distributions on the Group II Certificates will be based primarily on
amounts available for distribution in respect of the Group II Home Equity Loans.
The Home Equity Loans to be transferred by Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a
Centex Home Equity Corporation ("CHEC") and CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC (together,
the "Sellers") to the Depositor and from the Depositor to the Trust on the
Closing Date are fixed and adjustable rate home equity loans evidenced by
promissory notes (the "Notes") secured by first and second lien deeds of trust,
security deeds or mortgages on properties (the "Mortgaged Properties"). The
Mortgaged Properties securing the Home Equity Loans consist primarily of one-to
four-family residential properties and manufactured housing treated as real
property under applicable state law. The Mortgaged Properties may be
owner-occupied and non-owner occupied investment properties (which include
second and vacation homes). None of the Home Equity Loans are insured by pool
mortgage insurance policies or primary mortgage insurance policies. All of the
Home Equity Loans in the Trust have been or will be originated by CHEC, an
affiliate of CHEC or a broker for simultaneous assignment to CHEC. As of the
Statistical Calculation Date, these Home Equity Loans will have the following
general characteristics:
- 3,586 total home equity loans
- 2,698 fixed rate home equity loans
- 888 floating rate home equity loans
- all of the home equity loans were originated no earlier than June 21, 1996
- location in 45 states and the District of Columbia
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- Group I Home Equity Loans:
- $155,551,622.30 aggregate outstanding loan balance
- 64.4% of total loan balance of all Home Equity Loans
- Group II Home Equity Loans:
- $85,970,467.26 aggregate outstanding loan balance
- 35.6% of total loan balance of all Home Equity Loans
The Original Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios with respect to the Home Equity
Loans were calculated based upon the lesser of the appraised values of the
Mortgaged Properties at the time of origination or the sales price of the
related Mortgaged Property if the Mortgaged Property was sold within the
12 month period preceding the time of loan origination (the "Appraised Values").
Where more than one appraisal was performed on the subject property, the lesser
of the two values was used to determine the Original Combined Loan-to-Value
Ratio.
In a limited number of circumstances, and within CHEC underwriting
guidelines, CHEC may discount the Appraised Value of Mortgaged Properties (when
calculating maximum Loan-to-Value Ratios) where the Mortgaged Properties are
unique, have a high value or where the comparables are not within Fannie Mae
guidelines. The purpose for making these reductions is to value the Mortgaged
Properties more conservatively than would otherwise be the case if the appraisal
were accepted as written.
The "Original Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio" of a Home Equity Loan is the
ratio, expressed as a percentage, equal to the sum of any outstanding senior
lien mortgage balance plus the original balance of the Home Equity Loan divided
by the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS--THE BORROWERS HAVE LESS THAN PERFECT CREDIT"
IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT FOR MORE DETAIL.
No assurance can be given that values of the Mortgaged Properties have
remained or will remain at their levels on the dates of origination of the
related Home Equity Loans. If the residential real estate market has experienced
or should experience an overall decline in property values, causing the
outstanding balances of the Home Equity Loans, together with the outstanding
balances of any first mortgage, to become equal to or greater than the value of
the Mortgaged Properties, the actual rates of delinquencies, foreclosures and
losses could be higher than those now generally experienced in the mortgage
lending industry.
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GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
The following summary information with respect to the Group I Home Equity
Loans is as of the Statistical Calculation Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUMMARY STATISTICS RANGE (IF APPROPRIATE)
------------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Avg. Outstanding Principal Balance $57,654.42 $2,470.99 to $418,291.97
Wtd. Avg. Coupon Rate (approximate) 11.76% 6.99% to 18.10%
Wtd. Avg. Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio (approximate) 79.10% 8.07% to 99.98%
Wtd. Avg. Remaining Term to Maturity (approximate) 317 months 58 to 360 months
Wtd. Avg. Original Term to Maturity (approximate) 318 months 60 to 360 months
Maximum Seasoning 40 months
Ratio of First to Second Liens 92.29% / 7.71%
Maximum Original Principal Balance of Loans Secured by First
Liens
SINGLE-FAMILY PROPERTIES $418,500.00
TWO-TO FOUR-FAMILY PROPERTIES $222,700.00
Maximum Original Principal Balance of Loans Secured by
Second Liens
SINGLE-FAMILY PROPERTIES $164,000.00
TWO-TO FOUR-FAMILY PROPERTIES $51,195.00
Balloon Payments (as a percent of the aggregate outstanding 1.60%
loan
balance)
Latest Maturity Date 11/15/29
30 to 59 day Delinquencies (as a percent of 0.73%
the aggregate outstanding loan balance) (1)
</TABLE>
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(1) Approximately 83.39% of the outstanding loan balance of the Group I Home
Equity Loans had first monthly payments due after October 15, 1999, so that
it was not possible for these loans to be 30 days past due as of the
Statistical Calculation Date.
S-22
<PAGE>
The tables set forth below contain approximate statistical information as of
the Statistical Calculation Date regarding the Group I Home Equity Loans. The
sum of the percentage columns in the following tables may not equal 100% due to
rounding.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MORTGAGED PROPERTIES
OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS(1)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
STATE HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ----- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Arizona................................................. 54 $ 3,349,540.49 2.15%
Arkansas................................................ 32 1,638,564.90 1.05
California.............................................. 25 1,723,802.18 1.11
Colorado................................................ 61 3,869,684.75 2.49
Connecticut............................................. 18 1,001,672.81 0.64
Delaware................................................ 6 438,638.29 0.28
District of Columbia.................................... 5 339,793.96 0.22
Florida................................................. 190 13,499,939.02 8.68
Georgia................................................. 76 5,622,891.13 3.61
Idaho................................................... 6 380,947.03 0.24
Illinois................................................ 107 5,306,979.24 3.41
Indiana................................................. 59 3,404,186.62 2.19
Iowa.................................................... 46 1,918,122.56 1.23
Kansas.................................................. 53 2,239,891.08 1.44
Kentucky................................................ 25 1,486,940.92 0.96
Louisiana............................................... 54 3,075,317.62 1.98
Maine................................................... 25 2,075,676.55 1.33
Maryland................................................ 21 1,699,367.22 1.09
Massachusetts........................................... 12 748,796.71 0.48
Michigan................................................ 69 3,342,504.12 2.15
Minnesota............................................... 27 1,610,647.86 1.04
Mississippi............................................. 81 3,745,364.53 2.41
Missouri................................................ 143 6,134,215.17 3.94
Montana................................................. 3 123,551.47 0.08
Nebraska................................................ 46 2,827,487.39 1.82
Nevada.................................................. 8 942,083.12 0.61
New Hampshire........................................... 6 691,288.98 0.44
New Jersey.............................................. 24 2,598,962.97 1.67
New Mexico.............................................. 38 2,655,818.89 1.71
New York................................................ 88 4,454,030.63 2.86
North Carolina.......................................... 109 7,485,108.14 4.81
North Dakota............................................ 1 28,000.00 0.02
Ohio.................................................... 86 6,097,613.07 3.92
Oklahoma................................................ 73 2,644,466.98 1.70
Oregon.................................................. 20 1,265,495.18 0.81
Pennsylvania............................................ 115 5,395,128.48 3.47
South Carolina.......................................... 79 5,349,819.31 3.44
Tennessee............................................... 136 10,195,052.67 6.55
Texas................................................... 517 24,872,016.98 15.99
Utah.................................................... 6 363,644.60 0.23
Vermont................................................. 1 47,670.00 0.03
Virginia................................................ 55 3,496,416.30 2.25
Washington.............................................. 50 3,230,225.58 2.08
West Virginia........................................... 14 685,794.00 0.44
Wisconsin............................................... 24 1,300,224.46 0.84
Wyoming................................................. 4 148,238.34 0.10
----- --------------- ------
Total............................................... 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
- --------------------------
(1) Determined by property address designation as such in the related Mortgage.
S-23
<PAGE>
ORIGINAL COMBINED LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO
OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF ORIGINAL COMBINED LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIOS (%) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- --------------------------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Less than or equal to 15.00...................... 1 $ 21,990.24 0.01%
15.01 - 20.00.................................... 13 278,485.17 0.18
20.01 - 25.00.................................... 19 418,961.66 0.27
25.01 - 30.00.................................... 16 399,533.34 0.26
30.01 - 35.00.................................... 24 755,368.90 0.49
35.01 - 40.00.................................... 37 1,176,401.14 0.76
40.01 - 45.00.................................... 44 1,357,236.63 0.87
45.01 - 50.00.................................... 51 1,877,500.11 1.21
50.01 - 55.00.................................... 53 2,025,310.96 1.30
55.01 - 60.00.................................... 83 3,179,021.28 2.04
60.01 - 65.00.................................... 115 5,075,485.69 3.26
65.01 - 70.00.................................... 204 11,268,470.53 7.24
70.01 - 75.00.................................... 284 15,350,279.18 9.87
75.01 - 80.00.................................... 677 38,715,251.18 24.89
80.01 - 85.00.................................... 486 28,293,205.26 18.19
85.01 - 90.00.................................... 466 37,201,362.87 23.92
90.01 - 95.00.................................... 91 6,124,215.87 3.94
95.01 - 100.00................................... 34 2,033,542.29 1.31
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
COUPON RATES OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF COUPON RATES (%) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
6.501 - 7.000.................................... 1 $ 74,215.60 0.05%
7.001 - 7.500.................................... 2 125,346.50 0.08
7.501 - 8.000.................................... 4 297,764.09 0.19
8.001 - 8.500.................................... 11 1,224,390.36 0.79
8.501 - 9.000.................................... 52 4,557,682.30 2.93
9.001 - 9.500.................................... 45 3,887,295.14 2.50
9.501 - 10.000................................... 169 12,952,219.37 8.33
10.001 - 10.500.................................. 127 9,978,649.52 6.42
10.501 - 11.000.................................. 297 21,636,427.90 13.91
11.001 - 11.500.................................. 258 16,863,505.24 10.84
11.501 - 12.000.................................. 385 23,862,041.32 15.34
12.001 - 12.500.................................. 281 16,321,519.28 10.49
12.501 - 13.000.................................. 346 17,024,473.31 10.94
13.001 - 13.500.................................. 182 7,342,337.10 4.72
13.501 - 14.000.................................. 226 8,612,037.21 5.54
14.001 - 14.500.................................. 88 3,454,621.61 2.22
14.501 - 15.000.................................. 119 4,202,811.21 2.70
15.001 - 15.500.................................. 30 1,048,325.34 0.67
15.501 - 16.000.................................. 47 1,361,030.93 0.87
16.001 - 16.500.................................. 8 184,883.23 0.12
16.501 - 17.000.................................. 10 275,244.39 0.18
17.001 - 17.500.................................. 1 67,900.00 0.04
17.501 - 18.000.................................. 7 149,241.43 0.10
18.001 - 18.500.................................. 2 47,659.92 0.03
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
S-24
<PAGE>
LOAN BALANCES OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF LOAN BALANCES HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ---------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0.00 - 5,000.00.................................. 2 $ 7,206.27 0.00%
5,000.01 - 10,000.00............................. 29 283,927.41 0.18
10,000.01 - 15,000.00............................ 88 1,131,557.30 0.73
15,000.01 - 20,000.00............................ 155 2,760,811.73 1.77
20,000.01 - 25,000.00............................ 182 4,204,007.75 2.70
25,000.01 - 30,000.00............................ 251 6,966,783.77 4.48
30,000.01 - 35,000.00............................ 215 7,050,927.55 4.53
35,000.01 - 40,000.00............................ 185 6,990,604.13 4.49
40,000.01 - 45,000.00............................ 180 7,706,422.58 4.95
45,000.01 - 50,000.00............................ 189 9,009,769.52 5.79
50,000.01 - 55,000.00............................ 161 8,466,091.20 5.44
55,000.01 - 60,000.00............................ 139 8,026,605.97 5.16
60,000.01 - 65,000.00............................ 111 6,940,756.66 4.46
65,000.01 - 70,000.00............................ 117 7,903,637.06 5.08
70,000.01 - 75,000.00............................ 91 6,613,106.02 4.25
75,000.01 - 80,000.00............................ 84 6,525,632.92 4.20
80,000.01 - 85,000.00............................ 71 5,864,961.81 3.77
85,000.01 - 90,000.00............................ 58 5,092,448.61 3.27
90,000.01 - 95,000.00............................ 43 3,989,624.60 2.56
95,000.01 - 100,000.00........................... 37 3,622,746.54 2.33
100,000.01 - 105,000.00.......................... 38 3,897,020.72 2.51
105,000.01 - 110,000.00.......................... 33 3,550,065.46 2.28
110,000.01 - 115,000.00.......................... 22 2,484,759.18 1.60
115,000.01 - 120,000.00.......................... 33 3,877,461.41 2.49
120,000.01 - 125,000.00.......................... 15 1,843,861.13 1.19
125,000.01 - 130,000.00.......................... 15 1,912,998.27 1.23
130,000.01 - 135,000.00.......................... 13 1,725,950.72 1.11
135,000.01 - 140,000.00.......................... 11 1,518,148.87 0.98
140,000.01 - 145,000.00.......................... 22 3,145,967.66 2.02
145,000.01 - 150,000.00.......................... 15 2,215,946.95 1.42
150,000.01 - 200,000.00.......................... 47 7,847,106.56 5.04
200,000.01 - 250,000.00.......................... 25 5,736,080.27 3.69
250,000.01 - 300,000.00.......................... 9 2,393,258.22 1.54
300,000.01 - 350,000.00.......................... 6 1,913,189.04 1.23
350,000.01 - 400,000.00.......................... 3 1,105,045.99 0.71
400,000.01 - 450,000.00.......................... 3 1,227,132.45 0.79
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
S-25
<PAGE>
TYPES OF MORTGAGED PROPERTIES OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
PROPERTY TYPE HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Single Family.................................... 2,455 $137,559,683.42 88.43%
PUD.............................................. 80 8,980,551.06 5.77
Two- to Four-Family.............................. 58 3,240,231.54 2.08
Manufactured Housing............................. 42 2,343,193.10 1.51
Townhouse........................................ 38 2,116,710.13 1.36
Condominium...................................... 25 1,311,253.05 0.84
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
ORIGINAL TERM TO MATURITY OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
ORIGINAL TERM TO MATURITY (MONTHS) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ---------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0 - 60........................................... 35 $ 651,993.65 0.42%
61 - 120......................................... 176 4,944,300.25 3.18
121 - 180........................................ 514 20,435,847.91 13.14
181 - 240........................................ 252 11,486,371.56 7.38
241 - 300........................................ 17 937,868.30 0.60
301 - 360........................................ 1,704 117,095,240.63 75.28
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
REMAINING TERM TO MATURITY OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
REMAINING TERM TO MATURITY (MONTHS) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ----------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0 - 60........................................... 35 $ 651,993.65 0.42%
61 - 120......................................... 175 4,930,993.15 3.17
121 - 180........................................ 515 20,493,495.84 13.17
181 - 240........................................ 251 11,392,485.23 7.32
241 - 300........................................ 19 1,315,997.49 0.85
301 - 360........................................ 1,703 116,766,656.94 75.07
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
SEASONING OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
SEASONING (MONTHS) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------------ ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0................................................ 1,302 $ 74,981,673.29 48.20%
1 - 6............................................ 1,365 79,250,144.92 50.95
19 - 24.......................................... 2 89,209.15 0.06
25 - 30.......................................... 10 430,602.98 0.28
31 - 36.......................................... 17 736,471.63 0.47
37 - 40.......................................... 2 63,520.33 0.04
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
S-26
<PAGE>
OCCUPANCY STATUS OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
OCCUPANCY STATUS HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ---------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Primary Home..................................... 2,553 $149,336,856.93 96.00%
Investment Property.............................. 124 5,388,642.03 3.46
Second Home...................................... 21 826,123.34 0.53
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
LIEN POSITION OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
LIEN POSITION HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1st lien......................................... 2,289 $143,552,824.56 92.29%
2nd lien......................................... 409 11,998,797.74 7.71
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
DOCUMENTATION TYPE OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
DOCUMENTATION TYPE(1) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Full Documentation............................... 2,394 $134,756,843.97 86.63%
Stated Income.................................... 207 13,040,196.74 8.38
Limited Documentation............................ 91 7,553,554.38 4.86
Other............................................ 6 201,027.21 0.13
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) We refer you to "THE SELLER AND THE SERVICER--Underwriting Guidelines
Applicable to the Home Equity Loans" in the Prospectus for a description of
CHEC's documentation programs.
S-27
<PAGE>
CREDIT GRADE OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
CREDIT GRADE(1) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- --------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
A+............................................... 139 $ 9,320,485.08 5.99%
A................................................ 12 581,608.14 0.37
A1............................................... 576 38,712,328.11 24.89
A2............................................... 955 57,066,129.12 36.69
B................................................ 438 23,746,944.10 15.27
C................................................ 5 141,647.10 0.09
C1............................................... 307 13,004,030.59 8.36
C2............................................... 124 6,575,266.68 4.23
D................................................ 142 6,403,183.38 4.12
----- --------------- ------
Total........................................ 2,698 $155,551,622.30 100.00%
===== =============== ======
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) We refer you to "THE SELLER AND THE SERVICER--Underwriting Criteria of the
Seller" in the Prospectus for a description of CHEC's credit grades and
underwriting criteria. Credit grades A and C generally correspond to credit
grades A2 and C2, respectively.
SECOND MORTGAGE RATIO OF GROUP I HOME EQUITY LOANS(1)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF SECOND MORTGAGE RATIOS (%) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ----------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Less than 10.00................................... 17 $ 200,099.78 0.13%
10.00 - 14.99..................................... 44 866,560.63 0.56
15.00 - 19.99..................................... 86 1,910,788.08 1.23
20.00 - 24.99..................................... 70 2,065,969.05 1.33
25.00 - 29.99..................................... 52 1,736,823.73 1.12
30.00 - 34.99..................................... 42 1,351,459.31 0.87
35.00 - 39.99..................................... 29 1,000,881.77 0.64
40.00 - 44.99..................................... 19 680,754.38 0.44
45.00 - 49.99..................................... 10 526,799.19 0.34
50.00 - 54.99..................................... 7 348,598.56 0.22
55.00 - 59.99..................................... 11 350,930.46 0.23
60.00 - 64.99..................................... 5 204,286.51 0.13
65.00 - 69.99..................................... 2 76,909.26 0.05
70.00 - 74.99..................................... 3 184,089.63 0.12
80.00 - 84.99..................................... 5 166,839.17 0.11
85.00 - 89.99..................................... 1 80,961.80 0.05
95.00 - 100.00.................................... 6 246,046.43 0.16
--- -------------- -----
Total......................................... 409 $11,998,797.74 7.71%
=== ============== =====
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) Applies only to Home Equity Loans in the second lien position. The Second
Mortgage Ratios shown above are equal to, with respect to each Home Equity
Loan in the second lien position, the original principal balance of the Home
Equity Loan at the date of origination divided by the sum of (a) the
original principal balance of the Home Equity Loan at the date of
origination and (b) the remaining principal balance of the senior lien on
the second Mortgaged Property at the date of origination of the Home Equity
Loan.
S-28
<PAGE>
GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
The following summary information with respect to the Group II Home Equity
Loans is as of the Statistical Calculation Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUMMARY STATISTICS RANGE (IF APPROPRIATE)
--------------------- -------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Avg. Outstanding Principal Balances $96,813.59 $15,366.95 to $500,000.00
Wtd. Avg. Coupon Rate (approximate) 11.04% 7.75% to 15.99%
Wtd. Avg. Gross Margin (approximate) 6.44% 0.00% to 11.15%
Wtd. Avg. Maximum Rates (approximate)(1) 18.04% 14.75% to 22.99%
Wtd. Avg. Minimum Rates (approximate)(1) 11.04% 7.75% to 15.99%
Wtd. Avg. Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio (approximate) 83.33% 15.56% to 99.98%
Wtd. Avg. Remaining Term to Maturity (approximate) 358 months 59 to 360 months
Wtd. Avg. Original Term to Maturity (approximate) 359 months 60 to 360 months
Maximum Seasoning 27 months
Ratio of First to Second Liens 100.00% / 0.00%
Maximum Original Principal Balance of Loans Secured by First
Liens
SINGLE-FAMILY PROPERTIES $500,000.00
TWO-TO FOUR-FAMILY PROPERTIES $292,500.00
Maximum Original Principal Balance of Loans Secured by
Second Liens
SINGLE-FAMILY PROPERTIES $0.00
TWO-TO FOUR-FAMILY PROPERTIES $0.00
Balloon Payments (as a percent of the aggregate 0.00%
outstanding loan balance)
Latest Maturity Date 11/15/29
30 to 59 day Delinquencies (as a percent of the aggregate 0.33%
outstanding loan balance)(2)
Six-Month Adjustable Rate Loans(3)
PERCENTAGE OF AGGREGATE OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL GROUP II 15.78%
LOAN BALANCE (APPROXIMATE)
WTD. AVG. REMAINING PERIOD TO COUPON RATE ADJUSTMENT 5 months
(APPROXIMATE)
WTD. AVG. INITIAL INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT CAP 1.00%
(APPROXIMATE)(4)
WTD. AVG. SEMI-ANNUAL INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT CAP 1.00%
(APPROXIMATE)(4)
WTD. AVG. LIFETIME INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT CAP 17.78%
(APPROXIMATE)(5)
2/28 Adjustable Rate Loans(6)
PERCENTAGE OF AGGREGATE OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL GROUP II 84.22%
LOAN BALANCE (APPROXIMATE)
WTD. AVG. REMAINING PERIOD TO COUPON RATE ADJUSTMENT 23 months
(APPROXIMATE)
WTD. AVG. INITIAL INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT CAP 2.00%
(APPROXIMATE)(4)
WTD. AVG. SEMI-ANNUAL INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT CAP 1.00%
(APPROXIMATE)(4)
WTD. AVG. LIFETIME INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT CAP 18.09%
(APPROXIMATE)(5)
</TABLE>
- ------------------------------
(1) The "Maximum Rates" or "Minimum Rates" are the highest and lowest rates,
respectively, at which interest may accrue on the Group II Home Equity
Loans.
(2) Approximately 95.46% of the outstanding loan balance of the Group II Home
Equity Loans had first monthly payments due after October 15, 1999, so that
it was not possible for these loans to be 30 days past due as of the
Statistical Calculation Date.
(3) "Six- Month Adjustable Rate Loans" have their first adjustment date six
months following their date of origination, and adjust semiannually
thereafter, based on six-month LIBOR plus a margin, subject to certain
limitations.
(4) Above the then current coupon rate.
(5) Above the initial coupon rate.
(6) "2/28 Adjustable Rate Loans" have their first adjustment date two years
after the date of origination, and adjust semiannually thereafter, based on
six-month LIBOR plus a margin, subject to certain limitations.
S-29
<PAGE>
Set forth below is approximate statistical information as of the Statistical
Calculation Date regarding the Group II Home Equity Loans. The sum of the
percentage columns in the following tables may not equal 100% due to rounding.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MORTGAGED PROPERTIES
OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS(1)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
STATE HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ----- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Arizona................................................. 22 $ 2,177,634.19 2.53%
Arkansas................................................ 6 400,440.22 0.47
California.............................................. 39 7,093,881.39 8.25
Colorado................................................ 14 1,874,879.00 2.18
Connecticut............................................. 21 1,802,097.40 2.10
Delaware................................................ 12 1,108,565.36 1.29
District of Columbia.................................... 1 94,400.00 0.11
Florida................................................. 34 3,295,712.74 3.83
Georgia................................................. 47 3,872,898.18 4.50
Idaho................................................... 5 318,781.78 0.37
Illinois................................................ 27 2,875,556.84 3.34
Indiana................................................. 24 2,071,007.67 2.41
Iowa.................................................... 4 342,932.20 0.40
Kansas.................................................. 7 349,171.67 0.41
Kentucky................................................ 13 1,113,933.49 1.30
Louisiana............................................... 1 136,800.00 0.16
Maine................................................... 11 1,086,015.01 1.26
Maryland................................................ 13 1,604,208.10 1.87
Massachusetts........................................... 16 1,794,493.56 2.09
Michigan................................................ 44 3,663,498.92 4.26
Minnesota............................................... 9 642,188.39 0.75
Mississippi............................................. 5 366,084.80 0.43
Missouri................................................ 26 2,193,841.18 2.55
Montana................................................. 2 288,049.12 0.34
Nebraska................................................ 3 208,153.00 0.24
Nevada.................................................. 10 1,350,804.47 1.57
New Hampshire........................................... 6 573,627.54 0.67
New Jersey.............................................. 17 2,293,213.39 2.67
New Mexico.............................................. 4 347,672.64 0.40
New York................................................ 55 5,193,399.13 6.04
North Carolina.......................................... 69 5,983,428.42 6.96
Ohio.................................................... 68 4,976,431.76 5.79
Oklahoma................................................ 16 1,044,439.62 1.21
Oregon.................................................. 15 1,613,502.29 1.88
Pennsylvania............................................ 41 3,060,169.82 3.56
Rhode Island............................................ 3 311,825.09 0.36
South Carolina.......................................... 15 1,378,457.30 1.60
Tennessee............................................... 25 2,168,321.01 2.52
Texas................................................... 68 6,469,474.47 7.53
Utah.................................................... 9 1,039,236.05 1.21
Virginia................................................ 10 1,280,046.68 1.49
Washington.............................................. 26 3,615,413.39 4.21
West Virginia........................................... 1 34,449.46 0.04
Wisconsin............................................... 22 2,200,330.52 2.56
Wyoming................................................. 2 261,000.00 0.30
--- -------------- ------
Total............................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
- --------------------------
(1) Determined by property address designated in the related Mortgage.
S-30
<PAGE>
ORIGINAL COMBINED LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIOS
OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF ORIGINAL COMBINED LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIOS (%) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- --------------------------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Less than or equal to 20.00....................... 1 $ 24,987.70 0.03%
20.01 - 25.00..................................... 1 29,600.41 0.03
25.01 - 30.00..................................... 1 56,250.00 0.07
30.01 - 35.00..................................... 2 84,672.03 0.10
35.01 - 40.00..................................... 6 225,781.51 0.26
40.01 - 45.00..................................... 4 200,827.00 0.23
45.01 - 50.00..................................... 5 365,443.34 0.43
50.01 - 55.00..................................... 4 287,734.49 0.33
55.01 - 60.00..................................... 6 362,870.64 0.42
60.01 - 65.00..................................... 21 1,591,335.51 1.85
65.01 - 70.00..................................... 34 2,932,296.43 3.41
70.01 - 75.00..................................... 73 6,259,515.73 7.28
75.01 - 80.00..................................... 194 17,143,331.60 19.94
80.01 - 85.00..................................... 213 21,424,955.86 24.92
85.01 - 90.00..................................... 277 30,833,487.86 35.87
90.01 - 95.00..................................... 33 3,124,888.62 3.63
95.01 - 100.00.................................... 13 1,022,488.53 1.19
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
S-31
<PAGE>
LOAN BALANCES OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
NUMBER OF STATISTICAL CALCULATION
HOME EQUITY CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF LOAN BALANCES LOAN BALANCES LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ---------------------- ------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
15,000.01 - 20,000.00................................. 4 $ 72,833.63 0.08%
20,000.01 - 25,000.00................................. 9 204,674.23 0.24
25,000.01 - 30,000.00................................. 19 531,357.77 0.62
30,000.01 - 35,000.00................................. 18 591,252.70 0.69
35,000.01 - 40,000.00................................. 26 975,277.74 1.13
40,000.01 - 45,000.00................................. 36 1,534,665.41 1.79
45,000.01 - 50,000.00................................. 43 2,054,600.63 2.39
50,000.01 - 55,000.00................................. 49 2,574,605.31 2.99
55,000.01 - 60,000.00................................. 47 2,704,041.10 3.15
60,000.01 - 65,000.00................................. 42 2,627,259.83 3.06
65,000.01 - 70,000.00................................. 56 3,781,690.02 4.40
70,000.01 - 75,000.00................................. 47 3,418,530.35 3.98
75,000.01 - 80,000.00................................. 42 3,257,953.38 3.79
80,000.01 - 85,000.00................................. 39 3,224,538.41 3.75
85,000.01 - 90,000.00................................. 28 2,454,990.64 2.86
90,000.01 - 95,000.00................................. 30 2,785,637.40 3.24
95,000.01 - 100,000.00................................ 33 3,222,981.64 3.75
100,000.0 - 105,000.00................................ 20 2,053,897.64 2.39
105,000.01 - 110,000.00............................... 36 3,875,672.19 4.51
110,000.01 - 115,000.00............................... 21 2,367,800.95 2.75
115,000.01 - 120,000.00............................... 29 3,404,660.55 3.96
120,000.01 - 125,000.00............................... 14 1,710,688.79 1.99
125,000.01 - 130,000.00............................... 23 2,922,798.58 3.40
130,000.01 - 135,000.00............................... 18 2,396,409.20 2.79
135,000.01 - 140,000.00............................... 20 2,750,576.48 3.20
140,000.01 - 145,000.00............................... 12 1,713,585.32 1.99
145,000.01 - 150,000.00............................... 13 1,925,278.52 2.24
150,000.01 - 200,000.00............................... 62 10,645,387.28 12.38
200,000.01 - 250,000.00............................... 29 6,351,072.79 7.39
250,000.01 - 300,000.00............................... 12 3,297,928.85 3.84
300,000.01 - 350,000.00............................... 2 620,255.09 0.72
350,000.01 - 400,000.00............................... 4 1,518,669.34 1.77
400,000.01 - 450,000.00............................... 1 419,838.41 0.49
450,000.01 - 500,000.00............................... 4 1,979,057.09 2.30
--- -------------- ------
Total............................................. 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
S-32
<PAGE>
TYPES OF MORTGAGED PROPERTIES OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
PROPERTY TYPE HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Single Family..................................... 755 $71,712,973.50 83.42%
PUD............................................... 48 6,629,662.14 7.71
Two- to Four-Family............................... 37 3,802,689.72 4.42
Townhouse......................................... 16 1,440,230.33 1.68
Condominium....................................... 15 1,299,944.36 1.51
Manufactured Housing.............................. 17 1,084,967.21 1.26
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
ORIGINAL TERM TO MATURITY OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
ORIGINAL TERM TO MATURITY (MONTHS) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ---------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0 - 60............................................ 1 $ 24,690.18 0.03%
61 - 120.......................................... 1 15,366.95 0.02
121 - 180......................................... 3 357,600.00 0.42
181 - 240......................................... 1 70,200.00 0.08
300 - 360......................................... 882 85,502,610.13 99.46
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
SEASONING OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
SEASONING (MONTHS) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------------ ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0................................................. 549 $51,550,973.23 59.96%
1 - 6............................................. 337 34,258,729.39 39.85
13 - 18........................................... 1 68,015.01 0.08
25 - 27........................................... 1 92,749.63 0.11
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
REMAINING TERM TO MATURITY OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
REMAINING TERM TO MATURITY (MONTHS) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ----------------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0 - 60............................................ 1 $ 24,690.18 0.03%
61 - 120.......................................... 1 15,366.95 0.02
12 - 180.......................................... 3 357,600.00 0.42
181 - 240......................................... 1 70,200.00 0.08
301 - 360......................................... 882 85,502,610.13 99.46
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
S-33
<PAGE>
OCCUPANCY STATUS OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
OCCUPANCY STATUS HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ---------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Primary Home...................................... 847 $82,667,356.98 96.16%
Investment Property............................... 34 2,425,874.15 2.82
Second Home....................................... 7 877,236.13 1.02
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
DOCUMENTATION TYPE OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
DOCUMENTATION TYPE(1) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Full Documentation................................ 780 $74,373,563.90 86.51%
Stated Income..................................... 75 7,953,117.11 9.25
Limited Documentation............................. 32 3,551,036.62 4.13
Other............................................. 1 92,749.63 0.11
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) We refer you to "THE SELLER AND THE SERVICER--Underwriting Guidelines
Applicable to the Home Equity Loans" in the Prospectus for a description of
CHEC's documentation programs.
CREDIT GRADE OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
CREDIT GRADE(1) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- --------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
A+................................................ 12 $ 1,846,209.40 2.15%
A1................................................ 127 15,239,302.45 17.73
A2................................................ 385 39,538,483.23 45.99
B................................................. 183 15,949,961.28 18.55
C1................................................ 125 9,605,365.94 11.17
C2................................................ 55 3,733,165.82 4.34
D................................................. 1 57,979.14 0.07
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) We refer you to "THE SELLER AND THE SERVICER--Underwriting Criteria of the
Seller" in the Prospectus for a description of CHEC's credit grades and
underwriting criteria.
S-34
<PAGE>
CURRENT COUPON RATES OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
NUMBER OF STATISTICAL CALCULATION
HOME EQUITY CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF CURRENT COUPON RATES(%) LOAN BALANCES LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- -------------------------------- ------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
7.501 - 8.000......................................... 3 $ 492,122.98 0.57%
8.001 - 8.500......................................... 4 450,024.95 0.52
8.501 - 9.000......................................... 24 3,226,302.75 3.75
9.001 - 9.500......................................... 28 3,435,332.58 4.00
9.501 - 10.000........................................ 92 10,798,531.89 12.56
10.001 - 10.500....................................... 84 9,537,691.27 11.09
10.501 - 11.000....................................... 185 18,511,950.96 21.53
11.001 - 11.500....................................... 119 11,376,054.81 13.23
11.501 - 12.000....................................... 174 15,438,735.32 17.96
12.001 - 12.500....................................... 75 5,871,480.25 6.83
12.501 - 13.000....................................... 48 3,499,206.59 4.07
13.001 - 13.500....................................... 21 1,249,186.59 1.45
13.501 - 14.000....................................... 17 1,303,532.02 1.52
14.001 - 14.500....................................... 7 538,453.59 0.63
14.501 - 15.000....................................... 6 215,460.71 0.25
15.501 - 16.000....................................... 1 26,400.00 0.03
--- -------------- ------
Total............................................. 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
GROSS MARGINS OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF GROSS MARGINS(%) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
0.000 - 2.000..................................... 1 $ 80,724.29 0.09%
2.001 - 4.000..................................... 9 1,086,002.38 1.26
4.001 - 6.000..................................... 260 28,174,048.81 32.77
6.001 - 8.000..................................... 517 49,579,271.03 57.67
8.001 - 10.000.................................... 95 6,823,103.40 7.94
10.001 - 12.000................................... 6 227,317.35 0.26
--- -------------- ------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== ======
</TABLE>
S-35
<PAGE>
MAXIMUM RATES OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
RANGE OF MAXIMUM RATES (%) HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- -------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
14.501 - 15.000................................... 3 $ 492,122.98 0.57%
15.001 - 15.500................................... 4 450,024.95 0.52
15.501 - 16.000................................... 24 3,226,302.75 3.75
16.001 - 16.500................................... 28 3,435,332.58 4.00
16.501 - 17.000................................... 92 10,798,531.89 12.56
17.001 - 17.500................................... 84 9,537,691.27 11.09
17.501 - 18.000................................... 185 18,511,950.96 21.53
18.001 - 18.500................................... 120 11,468,804.44 13.34
18.501 - 19.000................................... 174 15,438,735.32 17.96
19.001 - 19.500................................... 74 5,778,730.62 6.72
19.501 - 20.000................................... 48 3,499,206.59 4.07
20.001 - 20.500................................... 21 1,249,186.59 1.45
20.501 - 21.000................................... 17 1,303,532.02 1.52
21.001 - 21.500................................... 7 538,453.59 0.63
21.501 - 22.000................................... 6 215,460.71 0.25
22.501 - 23.000................................... 1 26,400.00 0.03
--- -------------- -------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== =======
</TABLE>
NEXT INTEREST ADJUSTMENT DATE OF GROUP II HOME EQUITY LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF
STATISTICAL
STATISTICAL CALCULATION
NUMBER OF CALCULATION DATE DATE LOAN
NEXT INTEREST ADJUSTMENT DATE HOME EQUITY LOANS LOAN BALANCE BALANCE
- ----------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
December 1999..................................... 1 $ 92,749.63 0.11%
February 2000..................................... 4 306,549.06 0.36
March 2000........................................ 9 1,548,421.14 1.80
April 2000........................................ 62 5,562,917.32 6.47
May 2000.......................................... 71 6,126,479.67 7.13
July 2001......................................... 1 126,844.18 0.15
August 2001....................................... 7 537,738.77 0.63
September 2001.................................... 60 5,903,102.60 6.87
October 2001...................................... 370 35,978,288.81 41.85
November 2001..................................... 303 29,787,376.08 34.65
--- -------------- -------
Total......................................... 888 $85,970,467.26 100.00%
=== ============== =======
</TABLE>
S-36
<PAGE>
DELINQUENCY AND LOSS EXPERIENCE
The following table sets forth CHEC's delinquency experience with respect to
home equity loans similar in type to the Home Equity Loans as of the last day of
each of the months indicated. No home equity loan is considered delinquent for
purposes of the table until a payment is one calendar month past due on a
contractual basis. It should be noted that CHEC commenced its servicing
activities of home equity loans similar to the Home Equity Loans in
October 1997. Accordingly, CHEC does not have significant historical
delinquency, bankruptcy, foreclosure or default experience that may be referred
to for examining the delinquency experience of home equity loans similar to the
Home Equity Loans. The delinquency and loss percentages may be affected by the
size and relative lack of seasoning of the servicing portfolio which increased
from approximately $670,007,077 at September 30, 1998 to approximately
$1,619,388,309 at September 30, 1999. CHEC believes that as the existing loan
portfolio becomes more seasoned, the rate of delinquencies, loan losses,
foreclosures and REO Properties will increase. Accordingly, the information in
the table below is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to
indicate or predict the expected delinquency experience on past, current or
future pools of home equity loans for which CHEC is the servicer.
DELINQUENCY EXPERIENCE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 1999 AS OF MARCH 31, 1999
--------------------------- ---------------------------
BY NUMBER BY DOLLAR BY NUMBER BY DOLLAR
OF LOANS AMOUNT OF LOANS AMOUNT
--------- --------------- --------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Portfolio(1)........................... 24,078 $1,619,388,309 16,714 $1,132,715,754
Delinquency Percentage
30-59 days......................... 1.96% 1.77% 1.36% 1.14%
60-89 days......................... 0.96 0.89 0.47 0.44
90 days and over................... 1.61 1.59 1.01 0.94
------ --------------- ------ ---------------
Total Delinquency Percentage(2)........ 4.52% 4.25% 2.84% 2.52%
====== =============== ====== ===============
Percentage of REO Properties........... 0.38% 0.37% 0.17% 0.18%
</TABLE>
- ------------------------------
(1) Portfolio includes all loans originated after October 1997 other than some
mortgage loan products originated for whole loan sales or retention by CHEC
or one of its affiliates.
(2) Excludes REO Properties.
S-37
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth CHEC's loss experience with respect to home
equity loans similar in type to the Home Equity Loans for the periods indicated.
LOSS EXPERIENCE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE 6 MONTHS
ENDED FISCAL YEAR ENDING
SEPTEMBER 30, 1999 MARCH 31, 1999
------------------ ------------------
DOLLAR AMOUNT ($) DOLLAR AMOUNT ($)
------------------ ------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Average Portfolio(1)........................................ 1,377,825,811 690,843,299
Gross Losses(2)............................................. 1,570,246 96,127
Recoveries(3)............................................... 0 0
Net Losses(4)............................................... 1,570,246 96,127
Net Losses as a Percentage of Average Portfolio(5).......... 0.23% 0.01%
</TABLE>
- ------------------------------
(1) "Average Portfolio" during the period is the arithmetic average of the
principal balances of the loans outstanding on the last day of each month
during the period. Portfolio includes all loans originated after
October 1997 other than some mortgage loan products originated for whole
loan sales or retention by CHEC or one of its affiliates.
(2) "Gross Losses" for each respective period are actual losses incurred on
liquidated properties or losses from the write-off of loans where the
properties were not liquidated. Losses include all principal, foreclosure
costs and all accrued interest.
(3) "Recoveries" are recoveries from deficiency judgments.
(4) "Net Losses" means "Gross Losses" minus "Recoveries".
(5) For the 6 months ending September 30, 1999, "Net Losses as a Percentage of
Average Portfolio" was annualized by multiplying "Net Losses" by 2 before
calculating the percentage of "Average Portfolio".
S-38
<PAGE>
PREPAYMENT AND YIELD CONSIDERATIONS
The rate of principal payments on each Class of Class A Certificates, the
aggregate amount of distributions on the Class A Certificates and the yield to
maturity of the Class A Certificates will be related to the rate and timing of
payments of principal on the Home Equity Loans. The rate of principal payments
on the Home Equity Loans will in turn be affected by the amortization schedules
of the Home Equity Loans, by the rate of principal prepayments (including for
this purpose prepayments resulting from refinancing or liquidations of the Home
Equity Loans due to defaults, casualties, condemnations and repurchases by CHEC
("Prepayments") and realized losses on the Home Equity Loans. Certain of the
Home Equity Loans may be prepaid by the mortgagors at any time without penalty.
Certain of the Home Equity Loans are subject to penalties for prepayments.
PREPAYMENTS
Prepayments, liquidations and purchases of the Home Equity Loans (including
any optional purchase by the Servicer of a delinquent Home Equity Loan and any
prepayments resulting from the Servicer's exercise of its clean-up call option
in connection with the termination of the Trust) will result in distributions on
the Class A Certificates of principal amounts which would otherwise be
distributed over the remaining terms of the Home Equity Loans. Since the rate of
payment of principal of the Home Equity Loans will depend on future events and a
variety of factors, no assurance can be given as to the rate or the rate of
principal prepayments. The extent to which the yield to maturity of a Class A
Certificate may vary from the anticipated yield will depend upon the degree to
which a Certificate is purchased at a discount or premium, and the degree to
which the timing of payments thereon is sensitive to prepayments, liquidations
and purchases of the Home Equity Loans.
The rate of prepayment on the Home Equity Loans cannot be predicted. As of
the Statistical Calculation Date, approximately 42.22% of the Group I Home
Equity Loans and approximately 27.82% of the Group II Home Equity Loans may be
prepaid in whole or in part at any time without penalty. Generally, home equity
loans are not viewed by borrowers as permanent financing. Accordingly, the Home
Equity Loans may experience a higher rate of prepayment than traditional
mortgage loans. The prepayment experience of the Trust with respect to the Home
Equity Loans may be affected by a wide variety of factors, including economic
conditions, prevailing interest rate levels, the availability of alternative
financing and homeowner mobility and changes affecting the deductibility for
Federal income tax purposes of interest payments on home equity loans. All of
the Home Equity Loans will contain "due-on-sale" provisions, and the Servicer is
required by the Agreement to enforce the provisions, unless the enforcement is
not permitted by applicable law or the Servicer, in a manner consistent with
reasonable commercial practice, permits the purchaser of the related Mortgaged
Property to assume the Home Equity Loan. The enforcement of a "due-on-sale"
provision will have the same effect as a prepayment of the related Home Equity
Loan. The rate of prepayment of the Home Equity Loans may also be affected by
the extent to which the Home Equity Loans provide for the payment of a penalty
in connection with a prepayment and the amount of the penalties.
WE REFER YOU TO "CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS--DUE-ON-SALE
CLAUSES IN HOME EQUITY LOANS" IN THE PROSPECTUS FOR MORE DETAIL.
As with fixed rate obligations generally, the rate of prepayment on a pool
of home equity loans with fixed rates, including the Group I Home Equity Loans,
is affected by prevailing market rates for home equity loans of a comparable
term and risk level. When the market interest rate is below the mortgage coupon,
mortgagors may have an increased incentive to refinance their home equity loans.
Depending on prevailing market rates, the future outlook for market rates and
economic conditions generally, some mortgagors may sell or refinance mortgaged
properties in order to realize their equity in the mortgaged properties, to meet
cash flow needs or to make other investments. The prepayment behavior of the
2/28 Adjustable Rate Loans may differ from that of the other Home Equity Loans.
As
S-39
<PAGE>
a 2/28 Adjustable Rate Loan approaches its initial adjustment date, the borrower
may become more likely to refinance the loan to avoid an increase in the Coupon
Rate, even if fixed-rate loans are only available at rates that are slightly
lower or higher than the Coupon Rate before adjustment. The existence of the
applicable periodic rate cap, lifetime cap and lifetime floor also may affect
the likelihood of prepayments resulting from refinancings. As is the case with
conventional fixed-rate home equity loans, adjustable-rate home equity loans may
be subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest
rate environment. For example, if prevailing interest rates fall significantly,
adjustable-rate home equity loans could be subject to higher prepayment rates
than if prevailing interest rates remain constant because the availability of
fixed-rate home equity loans at competitive rates may encourage mortgagors to
refinance their adjustable-rate home equity loans to "lock in" a lower fixed
interest rate. However, no assurance can be given as to the level of prepayments
that the Home Equity Loans will experience.
Net Monthly Excess Cash Flow (as defined in "DESCRIPTION OF
CERTIFICATES--Glossary" below) for the Home Equity Loans in the applicable Home
Equity Loan Group will be distributed in reduction of the Class Principal
Balance of the related class or classes of Class A Certificates then entitled to
distributions of principal on each Distribution Date to the extent that the then
required overcollateralization amount for the Home Equity Loans in the Home
Equity Loan Group exceeds the actual overcollateralization amount for the Home
Equity Loan Group. If purchased at a premium or a discount, the yield to
maturity on a Class A Certificate will be affected by the rate at which the Net
Monthly Excess Cash Flow for the Home Equity Loans in the related Home Equity
Loan Group is distributed in reduction of the applicable Class Principal
Balance. If the actual rate of the Net Monthly Excess Cash Flow distribution is
slower than the rate anticipated by an investor who purchases a Class A
Certificate at a discount, the actual yield to the investor will be lower than
the investor's anticipated yield. If the actual rate of the Net Monthly Excess
Cash Flow distribution is faster than the rate anticipated by an investor who
purchases a Class A Certificate at a premium, the actual yield to the investor
will be lower than the investor's anticipated yield. The amount of Net Monthly
Excess Cash Flow available for distribution on any Distribution Date will be
affected by the actual amount of interest received, advanced, collected or
recovered in respect of the Home Equity Loans during the related Due Period and
the amount will be influenced by changes in the weighted average of the Coupon
Rates of the Home Equity Loans resulting from prepayments and liquidations. The
amount of Net Monthly Excess Cash Flow distributions applied in reduction of the
Class Principal Balance of the applicable Class A Certificates on each
Distribution Date will be based on the then required overcollateralization
amount for the related Home Equity Loan Group, which may increase or decrease
during the period any class of Class A Certificates which remains outstanding.
Any increase in the required overcollateralization amount for a Home Equity Loan
Group may result in an accelerated rate of amortization of the related Class A
Certificates until the overcollateralization amount for the related Home Equity
Loan Group equals the required overcollateralization amount for the related Home
Equity Loan Group and any decrease in the required overcollateralization amount
for the related Home Equity Loan Group will result in a decelerated rate of
amortization of the related Class A Certificates until the overcollateralization
amount for the related Home Equity Loan Group is reduced to the required
overcollateralization amount.
WE REFER YOU TO "DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES--CREDIT ENHANCEMENT" IN
THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT FOR MORE DETAIL.
PAYMENT DELAY FEATURE OF THE FIXED RATE CERTIFICATES
The effective yield to the Class A-1 Certificateholders, the Class A-2
Certificateholders, the Class A-3 Certificateholders, the Class A-4
Certificateholders, the Class A-5 Certificateholders and the Class A-6
Certificateholders will be lower than the yield otherwise produced by the
applicable Certificate Rate and the purchase price of the Certificates because
distributions will not be payable to
S-40
<PAGE>
the Certificateholders until the Distribution Date following the month of
accrual (without any additional distribution of interest or earnings thereon in
respect of the delay).
PRINCIPAL PAYMENT FEATURES OF THE CLASS A-6 CERTIFICATES
Investors in the Class A-6 Certificates should be aware that the Class A-6
Certificates do not receive any portion of principal payments prior to the
Distribution Date occurring in January 2003. Thereafter they will receive an
increasing percentage of the Class A-6 Certificates' pro rata share of principal
payable to the Group I Certificates based on a schedule. This percentage will,
after December 2006, exceed 100% of their pro rata share of principal. As a
result, the weighted average life of the Class A-6 Certificates may be longer or
shorter than would otherwise be the case, and the effect on the market value of
the Class A-6 Certificates of changes in market interest rates or market yields
for similar securities may be greater or lesser than for other classes of
Class A Certificates entitled to the distributions.
WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIVES
Generally, greater than anticipated prepayments of principal will increase
the yield on Class A Certificates purchased at a price less than par and will
decrease the yield on Class A Certificates purchased at a price greater than
par. The effect on an investor's yield due to principal prepayments on the Home
Equity Loans in the related Home Equity Loan Group occurring at a rate that is
faster (or slower) than the rate anticipated by the investor in the period
immediately following the issuance of the Certificates will not be entirely
offset by a subsequent like reduction (or increase) in the rate of principal
payments. The weighted average life of the Class A Certificates will also be
affected by the amount and timing of delinquencies and defaults on the Home
Equity Loans in the related Home Equity Loan Group and the recoveries, if any,
on defaulted Home Equity Loans in the related Home Equity Loan Group and
foreclosed properties.
The "weighted average life" of a Certificate refers to the average amount of
time that will elapse from the date of issuance to the date each dollar in
respect of principal of the Certificate is repaid. The weighted average life of
any class of the Class A Certificates will be influenced by, among other
factors, the rate at which principal payments are made on the Home Equity Loans,
including final payments made upon the maturity of Home Equity Loans for which
the related monthly payments are insufficient to fully amortize the Home Equity
Loans ("Balloon Loans").
Prepayments of home equity loans are commonly measured relative to a
prepayment standard or model. The model used with respect to the Group I
Certificates is the prepayment assumption (the "Prepayment Assumption"). A 100%
Prepayment Assumption assumes constant prepayment rates ("CPR") of 4% per annum
of the then outstanding principal balance of the Group I Home Equity Loans in
the first month of the life of the Home Equity Loans and an additional 1.455%
(precisely 16/11%) per annum in each month thereafter until the twelfth month.
Beginning in the twelfth month and in each month thereafter during the life of
the Home Equity Loans, a 100% Prepayment Assumption assumes a CPR of 20% per
annum of the outstanding principal balance of the Group I Home Equity Loans each
month. The model used with respect to the Group II Certificates is CPR, which is
a prepayment assumption that represents a constant assumed rate of prepayment
each month relative to the then outstanding principal balance of a pool of home
equity loans for the life of the home equity loans. Neither model purports to be
a historical description of prepayment experience or a prediction of the
anticipated rate of prepayment of any pool of home equity loans, including the
Home Equity Loans to be included in the Trust.
Since the following tables were prepared on the basis of the assumptions in
the following paragraph, there are discrepancies between characteristics of the
actual Home Equity Loans and the characteristics of the Home Equity Loans
assumed in preparing the tables. Any discrepancy may have
S-41
<PAGE>
an effect upon the percentages of the Class Principal Balances outstanding and
weighted average lives of the Class A Certificates set forth in the tables. In
addition, since the actual Home Equity Loans in the Trust have characteristics
which differ from those assumed in preparing the tables set forth below, the
distributions of principal on the Class A Certificates may be made earlier or
later than as indicated in the tables.
The information in the decrement tables has been prepared on the basis of
the following assumed characteristics of the Home Equity Loans and the following
additional assumptions (collectively, the "Structuring Assumptions"):
- the Home Equity Loans consist of pools of loans with the amortization
characteristics set forth below,
- the Closing Date for the Class A Certificates is December 15, 1999,
- distributions on the Class A Certificates are made on the 25th day of each
month regardless of the day on which the Distribution Date actually
occurs, commencing in January 2000 and are made in accordance with the
priorities described in this Prospectus Supplement,
- the scheduled monthly payments of principal and interest on the Home
Equity Loans will be timely delivered on the first day of each month (with
no defaults, delinquencies, modifications, waivers or amendments),
- certain assumed Home Equity Loans identified in the tables below will
receive no payments in the first month,
- the Home Equity Loans prepay at the specified percentages of the
Prepayment Assumption in the case of the Group I Home Equity Loans, or at
the specified percentages of CPR, in the case of the Group II Home Equity
Loans,
- all prepayments are prepayments in full received on the last day of each
month and include 30 days' interest thereon,
- the optional termination is not exercised (except as noted in footnote 2
on the following tables),
- the Class A Certificates of each Class have the respective Certificate
Rates and initial Class Principal Balances as set forth in this Prospectus
Supplement (with the Certificate Rate for the Class A-7 Certificates being
equal to the sum of One-Month LIBOR and 0.35% per annum),
- the overcollateralization levels are set initially as specified in the
Agreement, and thereafter decrease in accordance with the provisions of
the Agreement (as defined in this Prospectus Supplement),
- the coupon rate for each Group II Home Equity Loan is adjusted on its next
adjustment date and on subsequent adjustment dates which occur on six
month intervals following the initial adjustment date to equal the sum of
the applicable gross margin and Six-Month LIBOR (the sum being subject to
the applicable periodic rate adjustment caps and floors and lifetime rate
caps and floors), and
- Six-Month LIBOR remains constant at 6.07125% per annum and One-Month LIBOR
remains constant at 6.47875% per annum.
S-42
<PAGE>
GROUP I
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
REMAINING ORIGINAL AMORTIZED
TERM TO TERM TO REMAINING PAYMENT
POOL COUPON MATURITY MATURITY TERM DELAY
NUMBER LOAN BALANCE RATE (%) (MONTHS) (MONTHS) (MONTHS) (MONTHS)
- ------ -------------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1.................................................... $ 2,727,343.39 12.434 172 180 352 0
2.................................................... 5,427,011.82 12.168 118 119 118 0
3.................................................... 715,647.73 12.451 59 60 59 0
4.................................................... 19,703,654.42 11.925 179 180 179 0
5.................................................... 12,607,784.93 12.036 238 239 238 0
6.................................................... 1,029,432.29 11.234 299 300 299 0
7.................................................... 128,527,237.95 11.679 359 360 359 0
8.................................................... 840,883.46 12.168 119 119 119 1
9.................................................... 3,052,964.99 11.925 180 180 180 1
10................................................... 1,953,501.88 12.036 240 240 240 1
11................................................... 19,914,537.14 11.679 360 360 360 1
</TABLE>
GROUP II
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER
OF
MONTHS INITIAL
TO NEXT INTEREST INTEREST
COUPON COUPON GROSS RATE RATE
POOL LOAN RATE CHANGE MARGIN ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT MAXIMUM MINIMUM
NUMBER BALANCE (%) DATE (%) CAP (%) CAP (%) RATE (%) RATE (%)
- ------ -------------- -------- -------- -------- ----------- ----------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1.................... $ 4,464,012.99 10.716 22 6.174 2.000 1.000 17.012 10.716
2.................... 31,635,394.24 11.133 23 6.471 2.000 1.000 17.476 11.133
3.................... 43,210,131.93 11.099 24 6.291 2.000 1.000 17.478 11.100
4.................... 6,357,965.74 10.545 5 6.695 1.000 0.984 16.917 10.545
5.................... 8,594,382.57 10.951 6 7.037 1.009 1.000 17.363 10.951
6.................... 11,979,583.41 11.091 25 6.356 2.000 1.000 17.451 11.091
7.................... 2,258,529.12 10.778 7 6.891 1.005 0.993 17.173 10.778
<CAPTION>
INTEREST
REMAINING ORIGINAL RATE
TERM TO TERM TO CHANGE PAYMENT
POOL MATURITY MATURITY FREQUENCY DELAY
NUMBER (MONTHS) (MONTHS) (MONTHS) (MONTHS)
- ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1.................... 358 360 6 0
2.................... 359 360 6 0
3.................... 360 360 6 0
4.................... 357 358 6 0
5.................... 351 351 6 0
6.................... 360 360 6 1
7.................... 354 354 6 1
</TABLE>
DECREMENT TABLES
The following tables indicate, based on the Structuring Assumptions, the
percentages of the initial Class Principal Balance of the Class A Certificates
that would be outstanding after each of the dates shown, based on the indicated
percentages of the Prepayment Assumption, in the case of the Group I
Certificates and at the indicated percentages of CPR, in the case of the Group
II Certificates, and the corresponding weighted average lives of the Classes. It
is not likely that:
- all of the Home Equity Loans will have the characteristics assumed,
- the Home Equity Loans will prepay at the specified percentages of the
Prepayment Assumption or CPR or at any other constant percentage, or
- the level of One-Month LIBOR will remain constant at the level assumed or
at any other level.
Moreover, the diverse remaining terms to maturity of the Home Equity Loans could
produce slower or faster principal distributions than indicated in the tables at
the specified percentages of the Prepayment Assumption or CPR even if the
weighted average remaining term to maturity of the Home Equity Loans is
consistent with the remaining terms to maturity of the Home Equity Loans
specified in the Structuring Assumptions.
S-43
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-1
GROUP I PREPAYMENT ASSUMPTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 50% 75% 100% 120% 150% 200% 250%
- ----------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage................................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000.................................. 68 59 50 42 31 11 0
December 25, 2001.................................. 39 18 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2002.................................. 13 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2003.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2004.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2005.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2006.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2007.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2008.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2009.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2010.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2011.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2012.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2013.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2014.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2015.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2016.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1)........................ 1.8 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6
Weighted Average Life * (2)........................ 1.8 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
S-44
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-2
GROUP I PREPAYMENT ASSUMPTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 50% 75% 100% 120% 150% 200% 250%
- ----------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage................................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000.................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 72
December 25, 2001.................................. 100 100 92 39 0 0 0
December 25, 2002.................................. 100 43 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2003.................................. 68 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2004.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2005.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2006.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2007.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2008.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2009.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2010.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2011.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2012.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2013.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2014.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2015.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2016.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1)........................ 4.3 3.0 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.1
Weighted Average Life * (2)........................ 4.3 3.0 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.1
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
S-45
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-3
GROUP I PREPAYMENT ASSUMPTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 50% 75% 100% 120% 150% 200% 250%
- ----------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage................................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000.................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2001.................................. 100 100 100 100 81 21 0
December 25, 2002.................................. 100 100 75 42 0 0 0
December 25, 2003.................................. 100 75 26 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2004.................................. 100 37 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2005.................................. 71 8 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2006.................................. 47 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2007.................................. 34 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2008.................................. 19 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2009.................................. 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2010.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2011.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2012.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2013.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2014.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2015.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2016.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1)........................ 7.3 4.8 3.6 3.0 2.4 1.8 1.5
Weighted Average Life * (2)........................ 7.3 4.8 3.6 3.0 2.4 1.8 1.5
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
S-46
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-4
GROUP I PREPAYMENT ASSUMPTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 50% 75% 100% 120% 150% 200% 250%
- ----------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage................................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2001................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 58
December 25, 2002................................. 100 100 100 100 100 24 0
December 25, 2003................................. 100 100 100 91 38 0 0
December 25, 2004................................. 100 100 85 44 0 0 0
December 25, 2005................................. 100 100 50 14 0 0 0
December 25, 2006................................. 100 81 25 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2007................................. 100 67 16 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2008................................. 100 50 3 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2009................................. 100 33 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2010................................. 86 18 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2011................................. 69 4 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2012................................. 52 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2013................................. 37 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2014................................. 21 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2015................................. 10 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2016................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1)....................... 13.3 9.1 6.4 5.1 3.9 2.8 2.1
Weighted Average Life * (2)....................... 13.3 9.1 6.4 5.1 3.9 2.8 2.1
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
S-47
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-5
GROUP I PREPAYMENT ASSUMPTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 50% 75% 100% 120% 150% 200% 250%
- ----------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage................................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2001................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2002................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 49
December 25, 2003................................. 100 100 100 100 100 61 0
December 25, 2004................................. 100 100 100 100 95 19 0
December 25, 2005................................. 100 100 100 100 62 6 0
December 25, 2006................................. 100 100 100 90 42 3 0
December 25, 2007................................. 100 100 100 82 40 3 0
December 25, 2008................................. 100 100 100 66 29 3 0
December 25, 2009................................. 100 100 84 49 19 0 0
December 25, 2010................................. 100 100 66 36 11 0 0
December 25, 2011................................. 100 100 50 25 5 0 0
December 25, 2012................................. 100 87 37 16 1 0 0
December 25, 2013................................. 100 70 27 10 0 0 0
December 25, 2014................................. 100 55 18 5 0 0 0
December 25, 2015................................. 100 44 13 2 0 0 0
December 25, 2016................................. 100 34 8 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017................................. 85 27 4 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018................................. 72 20 1 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019................................. 59 14 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020................................. 49 10 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021................................. 40 6 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022................................. 32 3 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023................................. 24 1 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024................................. 18 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025................................. 12 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026................................. 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027................................. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1)....................... 21.5 16.3 12.7 10.4 7.6 4.6 3.2
Weighted Average Life * (2)....................... 17.2 12.3 9.4 7.5 5.9 4.1 3.1
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
S-48
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-6
GROUP I PREPAYMENT ASSUMPTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 50% 75% 100% 120% 150% 200% 250%
- ----------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage................................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000.................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2001.................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2002.................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
December 25, 2003.................................. 95 92 90 88 85 79 72
December 25, 2004.................................. 89 85 81 77 72 62 31
December 25, 2005.................................. 80 73 67 61 53 39 12
December 25, 2006.................................. 71 61 52 46 36 20 2
December 25, 2007.................................. 48 35 25 18 11 7 0
December 25, 2008.................................. 32 20 11 7 3 0 0
December 25, 2009.................................. 21 11 5 2 1 0 0
December 25, 2010.................................. 14 6 2 1 0 0 0
December 25, 2011.................................. 9 3 1 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2012.................................. 6 2 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2013.................................. 4 1 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2014.................................. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2015.................................. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2016.................................. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017.................................. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028.................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1)........................ 8.3 7.4 6.9 6.5 6.1 5.6 4.7
Weighted Average Life * (2)........................ 8.3 7.4 6.8 6.2 5.4 4.2 3.3
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
S-49
<PAGE>
PERCENT OF INITIAL CLASS PRINCIPAL OUTSTANDING (TO MATURITY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CLASS A-7
GROUP II % OF CPR --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTION DATE 11.0% 16.5% 22.0% 28.0% 33.0% 44.0% 55.0%
- ----------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage............................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
December 25, 2000.............................. 85 80 75 69 64 54 43
December 25, 2001.............................. 73 64 55 46 39 26 15
December 25, 2002.............................. 64 52 42 33 27 16 8
December 25, 2003.............................. 56 43 32 24 18 9 3
December 25, 2004.............................. 49 35 25 17 12 5 1
December 25, 2005.............................. 43 29 20 12 8 2 0
December 25, 2006.............................. 38 24 15 9 5 1 0
December 25, 2007.............................. 34 20 12 6 3 0 0
December 25, 2008.............................. 30 17 9 4 2 0 0
December 25, 2009.............................. 26 14 7 3 1 0 0
December 25, 2010.............................. 23 11 5 2 0 0 0
December 25, 2011.............................. 20 9 4 1 0 0 0
December 25, 2012.............................. 18 8 3 1 0 0 0
December 25, 2013.............................. 15 6 2 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2014.............................. 13 5 1 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2015.............................. 12 4 1 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2016.............................. 10 3 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2017.............................. 9 2 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2018.............................. 7 2 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2019.............................. 6 1 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2020.............................. 5 1 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2021.............................. 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2022.............................. 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2023.............................. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2024.............................. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2025.............................. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2026.............................. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2027.............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
December 25, 2028.............................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life * (1).................... 7.1 4.9 3.6 2.8 2.3 1.6 1.2
Weighted Average Life * (2).................... 6.6 4.5 3.4 2.6 2.2 1.5 1.1
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* The weighted average life of a Class A Certificate is determined by
(1) multiplying the amount of each distribution in reduction of the related
Class Principal Balance by the number of years from the date of issuance of
the Class A Certificate to the related Distribution Date, (2) adding the
results, and (3) dividing the sum by the original Class Principal Balance of
the Class A Certificate.
(1) To maturity.
(2) To optional termination. The optional termination of the Trust is dependent
on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Class A Certificates
being reduced to less than 10% of the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Class A Certificates on the Closing Date.
The above tables have been prepared based on the assumptions described above
(including the assumptions regarding the characteristics and performance of the
Home Equity Loans, which differ from the actual characteristics and performance
thereof) and should be read in conjunction therewith.
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<PAGE>
FORMATION OF THE TRUST AND TRUST PROPERTY
The Trust will be created and established pursuant to the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement (the "Agreement") dated as of December 1, 1999 among the
Depositor, CHEC and CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC, as sellers, CHEC as servicer (in
this capacity, the "Servicer") and Harris Trust and Savings Bank as trustee (the
"Trustee"). On the Closing Date, the Sellers will transfer without recourse the
Home Equity Loans to the Depositor and the Depositor will convey without
recourse the Home Equity Loans to the Trust and the Trust will issue the
Class A Certificates, the Class X-IO Certificates and the Class R Certificates
at the direction of the Depositor.
The property of the Trust will include all
(a) the Home Equity Loans together with the related Home Equity Loan
documents and each Seller's interest in any Mortgaged Property which
secures a Home Equity Loan and all payments on each Home Equity Loan on
or after the opening of business on December 1, 1999 (the "Cut-Off Date")
and proceeds of the conversion, voluntary or involuntary, of the
foregoing,
(b) the amounts as may be held by the Trustee in the Certificate Account and
any other accounts held by the Trustee for the Trust together with
investment earnings on the amounts and the amounts as may be held by the
Servicer in the Principal and Interest Account, if any, inclusive of
investment earnings thereon whether in the form of cash, instruments,
securities or other properties and
(c) proceeds of all the foregoing (including, but not by way of limitation,
all proceeds of any mortgage insurance, hazard insurance and title
insurance policy relating to the Home Equity Loans, cash proceeds,
accounts, accounts receivable, notes, drafts, acceptances, chattel paper,
checks, deposit accounts, rights to payment of any and every kind, and
other forms of obligations and receivables which at any time constitute
all or part of or are included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing)
to pay the Certificates as specified in the Agreement (collectively, the
"Trust Estate").
As described in the Agreement, the Trustee and the Servicer shall each receive
specified investment earnings on amounts on deposit in the Certificate Account
as additional compensation and the Servicer shall receive any investment
earnings on amounts on deposit in the Principal and Interest Account. In
addition to the foregoing, the Depositor shall cause the Certificate Insurer to
deliver two irrevocable and unconditional certificate guaranty insurance
policies, one with respect to the Group I Certificates and one with respect to
the Group II Certificates, (the "Policies") to the Trustee for the benefit of
the Owners of the Class A Certificates.
The Class A Certificates will not represent an interest in or an obligation
of, nor will the Home Equity Loans be guaranteed by, the Depositor, the Sellers,
the Servicer, the Trustee or any of their affiliates. Specified distributions
due to the Owners of the Class A Certificates are insured by the Certificate
Insurer.
Prior to its formation the Trust will have had no assets or obligations.
Upon formation, the Trust will not engage in any business activity other than
acquiring, holding and collecting payments on the Home Equity Loans, issuing the
Certificates and distributing payments thereon. The Trust will not acquire any
receivables or assets other than the Home Equity Loans and the proceeds thereof
and rights appurtenant thereto. To the extent that borrowers make scheduled
payments under the Home Equity Loans, the Trust will have sufficient liquidity
to make distributions on the Certificates. As the Trust does not have any
operating history and will not engage in any business activity other than
issuing the Certificates and making distributions thereon, there has not been
included any historical or pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges with
respect to the Trust.
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<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
Pursuant to the Agreement the Trust will issue on the Closing Date the
Centex Home Equity Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series 1999-4, Class A-1
Certificates, Class A-2 Certificates, Class A-3 Certificates, Class A-4
Certificates, Class A-5 Certificates, Class A-6 Certificates and Class A-7
Certificates, (collectively referred to as the "Offered Certificates"). The
Trust will also issue on the Closing Date Class X-IO Certificates (the
"Class X-IO Certificates") and two residual classes of certificates (together,
the "Class R Certificates," and together with the Class X-IO Certificates, the
"Non-Offered Certificates" and together with the Class A Certificates, the
"Certificates"). Only the Class A Certificates are being offered pursuant to
this Prospectus Supplement. The Class A-1 Certificates, Class A-2 Certificates,
Class A-3 Certificates, Class A-4 Certificates, Class A-5 Certificates and
Class A-6 Certificates are sometimes referred to as the "Fixed Rate
Certificates" or the "Group I Certificates". The Class A-7 Certificates are
sometimes referred to as the "Variable Rate Certificates" or the "Group II
Certificates". The form of the Agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement of which this Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus is
a part. The following summaries describe important provisions of the Agreement.
The summaries do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and are
qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the
Agreement. Wherever particular sections or defined terms of the Agreement are
referred to, the sections or defined terms are incorporated in this Prospectus
Supplement by reference.
The Class A Certificates will be issued in denominations of $1,000 and multiples
of $1 in excess thereof and will evidence specified undivided interests in the
Trust. Definitive Certificates (as defined below) will be transferable and
exchangeable at the corporate trust office of the Trustee, which will initially
act as Certificate Registrar.
WE REFER YOU TO "--BOOK-ENTRY CERTIFICATES" BELOW FOR MORE DETAIL.
No service charge will be made for any registration of exchange or transfer
of Certificates, but the Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge.
The Group I Certificates will receive distributions primarily based upon
collections on the Home Equity Loans in Group I. The Group II Certificates will
receive distributions primarily based upon collections on the Home Equity Loans
in Group II.
The principal amount of a Class of Class A Certificates (each, a "Class
Principal Balance") on any Distribution Date is equal to the applicable Class
Principal Balance on the Closing Date minus the aggregate of amounts actually
distributed as principal to the holders of the class of Class A Certificates;
provided, however, that for purposes of the Certificate Insurer's rights as
subrogee, the Class Principal Balance shall not be reduced by principal amounts
paid under the Policies. On any date, the "Aggregate Class A Principal Balance"
is the aggregate of the Class Principal Balances of all Class A Certificates on
the date.
Each Class of Class A Certificates represents the right to receive payments
of interest at the for the Class and payments of principal as described below.
The Person in whose name a Certificate is registered in the Certificate
Register is referred to in this Prospectus Supplement as a "Certificateholder."
BOOK-ENTRY CERTIFICATES
The Class A Certificates initially will be book-entry Certificates (the
"Book-Entry Certificates"). Persons acquiring beneficial ownership interests in
the Class A Certificates ("Certificateowners") will hold the Certificates
through the Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), in the United States, or Cedelbank
("Cedel") or the Euroclear System ("Euroclear"), in Europe, if the
Certificateowners are
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<PAGE>
participants of the systems, or indirectly through organizations that are
participants in the systems. The Book-Entry Certificates will be issued in one
or more certificates per class, representing the aggregate principal balance of
each class of Class A Certificates, and will initially be registered in the name
of Cede & Co. ("Cede"), the nominee of DTC. Cedel and Euroclear will hold
omnibus positions on behalf of their participants through customers' securities
accounts in Cedel's and Euroclear's names on the books of their respective
depositaries which in turn will hold positions in customers' securities accounts
in the depositaries names on the books of DTC. Citibank N.A. ("Citibank") will
act as depositary for Cedel and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York
("Morgan") will act as depositary for Euroclear (Citibank and Morgan, in these
capacities, individually the "Relevant Depositary" and, collectively, the
"European Depositaries"). Investors may hold beneficial interests in the
Book-Entry Certificates in minimum denominations representing Certificate
Principal Balances of $1,000 and in integral multiples of $1 in excess thereof.
Except as described below, no person acquiring a Book-Entry Certificate will be
entitled to receive a physical certificate representing the Certificate (a
"Definitive Certificate"). Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued,
it is anticipated that the only "Certificateholder" of the Class A Certificates
will be Cede, as nominee of DTC. Certificateowners will not be
Certificateholders as that term is used in the Agreement. Certificateowners are
permitted to exercise their rights only indirectly through DTC and its
Participants (including Cedel and Euroclear).
DTC has advised the Depositor that management of DTC is aware that some
computer applications, systems, and the like for processing data ("Systems")
that are dependent upon calendar dates, including dates before, on, and after
January 1, 2000, may encounter "Year 2000 problems." DTC has informed its
participants and other members of the financial community (the "Industry") that
it has developed and is implementing a program so that its Systems, as the same
relate to the timely payment of distributions (including principal and income
payments) to security holders, book-entry deliveries, and settlement of trades
within DTC ("Depositary Services"), continue to function appropriately. This
program includes a technical assessment and a remediation plan, each of which is
complete. Additionally, DTC's plan includes a testing phase, which is expected
to be completed within appropriate time frames.
However, DTC's ability to perform properly its service is also dependent
upon other parties, including but not limited to issuers and their agents, as
well as DTC's direct and indirect participants and third party vendors from whom
DTC licenses software and hardware, and third party vendors on whom DTC relies
for information or the provision of services, including telecommunication and
electrical utility service providers, among others. DTC has informed the
Industry that it is contacting (and will continue to contact) third party
vendors from whom DTC acquires services to: (1) impress upon them the importance
of the services being Year 2000 compliant; and (2) determine the extent of their
efforts for Year 2000 remediation (and, as appropriate, testing) of their
services. In addition, DTC is in the process of developing contingency plans as
it deems appropriate.
According to DTC, the information set forth in the preceding two paragraphs
about DTC has been provided to the Industry by DTC for information purposes only
and is not intended to serve as a representation, warranty or contract
modification of any kind.
DISTRIBUTION DATES
On the 25th day of each month, or if the 25th day is not a Business Day,
then the next succeeding Business Day (each, a "Distribution Date"), the
Class A Certificateholders for each Home Equity Loan Group will be entitled to
receive the Class A Distribution Amount for the related Home Equity Loan Group
from amounts then on deposit in the certificate account established and
maintained by the Trustee in accordance with the Agreement (the "Certificate
Account"). Distributions will be made in immediately available funds to
Certificateholders of Class A Certificates by wire transfer or otherwise, to the
account of the Certificateholder at a domestic bank or other entity having
appropriate facilities
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<PAGE>
therefor, if the Certificateholder has so notified the Trustee at least five
Business Days prior to the Record Date, or by check mailed to the address of the
person entitled thereto as it appears on the register (the "Certificate
Register") maintained by the Trustee as registrar (the "Certificate Registrar").
Certificate Owners may experience some delay in the receipt of their payments
due to the operations of DTC.
"Business Day" means any day other than (1) a Saturday or Sunday or (2) a
day on which banking institutions in New York, New York, Dallas, Texas or the
city in which the corporate trust office of the Trustee is located or the city
in which the Certificate Insurer is located are authorized or obligated by law
or executive order to be closed.
"Record Date" means (1) with respect to any Distribution Date and each class
of Fixed Rate Certificates, the last Business Day of the month immediately
preceding the calendar month in which the Distribution Date occurs and (2) with
respect to any Distribution Date and the Variable Rate Certificates, the last
Business Day immediately preceding the Distribution Date, or if Definitive
Certificates have been issued, the last Business Day of the month immediately
preceding the calendar month in which the Distribution Date occurs.
WE REFER YOU TO "--BOOK-ENTRY CERTIFICATES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
The Agreement will provide that a Certificateholder, upon receiving the
final distribution on a Certificate, will be required to send the Certificate to
the Trustee. The Agreement additionally will provide that, in any event, any
Certificate as to which the final distribution thereon has been made shall be
deemed cancelled for all purposes of the Agreement and the Policies.
Each Certificateholder of record of a class of Class A Certificates will be
entitled to receive the Certificateholder's Percentage Interest in the amounts
due the Class on each Distribution Date. The "Percentage Interest" of a Class A
Certificate as of any date of determination will be equal to the percentage
obtained by dividing the principal balance of the Class A Certificate as of the
Closing Date by the Class Principal Balance for the related class of Class A
Certificates as of the Closing Date.
GLOSSARY
"AVAILABLE FUNDS" as to each Home Equity Loan Group and Distribution Date is
the amount on deposit in the Certificate Account with respect to the related
Home Equity Loan Group on the Distribution Date, disregarding the amounts of any
Insured Payments to be made on the Distribution Date.
"AVAILABLE FUNDS SHORTFALL" as to each Home Equity Loan Group and
Distribution Date, is the excess, if any, of (x) the aggregate of the amounts
required to be distributed pursuant to clauses 2 and 3 below under
"--Distributions" over (y) the Available Funds for such payments for such Home
Equity Loan Group and Distribution Date.
The "CARRY-FORWARD AMOUNT" with respect to any class of Class A Certificates
is the amount as of any Distribution Date, equal to the sum of (1) the amount,
if any, by which (x) the Current Interest for the Class for the immediately
preceding Distribution Date exceeded (y) the amount of the actual distribution
in respect to interest on the class of Class A Certificates made to the
Certificateholders of the class of Class A Certificates on the immediately
preceding Distribution Date and (2) interest on the excess for the related
Interest Period at the related Certificate Rate for the class of Class A
Certificates.
"CERTIFICATE INSURER DEFAULT" is defined under the Agreement as the
occurrence and continuance of (x) the failure by the Certificate Insurer to make
a required payment under either Policy or (y) specified events of bankruptcy or
insolvency of the Certificate Insurer.
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<PAGE>
The "CLASS A DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" for each Home Equity Loan Group and
Distribution Date shall be the sum of (x) Current Interest for the Class A
Certificates related to the Home Equity Loan Group and (y) the Class A Principal
Distribution Amount for the Home Equity Loan Group.
The "CLASS A PRINCIPAL DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" with respect to the Class A
Certificates of the related Home Equity Loan Group and Distribution Date shall
be the lesser of:
(a) the related Available Funds remaining after distributions pursuant to
clauses 1 and 2 under "--Distributions" below; and
(b) the excess, if any, of
(1) the sum of (without duplication):
(A) the principal portion of all scheduled monthly payments on the
Home Equity Loans related to the Home Equity Loan Group actually
received by the Servicer during the related Due Period and any
Prepayments on the Home Equity Loans made by the mortgagors of
Home Equity Loans in the related Home Equity Loan Group and
actually received by the Servicer during the related Due Period
in each case to the extent the amounts are received by the
Trustee on or prior to the Monthly Remittance Date;
(B) the outstanding principal balance of each Home Equity Loan in the
related Home Equity Loan Group that was purchased or repurchased
by CHEC on or prior to the related Monthly Remittance Date in
each case to the extent the amounts are received by the Trustee
on or prior to the Monthly Remittance Date;
(C) any Substitution Amounts (as defined in the Prospectus) relating
to principal, delivered by CHEC on the related Monthly Remittance
Date in connection with a substitution of a Home Equity Loan in
the related Home Equity Loan Group, in each case to the extent
the amounts are received by the Trustee on or prior to the
Monthly Remittance Date;
(D) all Net Liquidation Proceeds (as defined in the Prospectus)
actually collected by or on behalf of the Servicer with respect
to the Home Equity Loans in the related Home Equity Loan Group
during the related Due Period (to the extent the Net Liquidation
Proceeds relate to principal) in each case to the extent the
amounts are received by the Trustee on or prior to the Monthly
Remittance Date;
(E) the amount of any Collateralization Deficit with respect to the
related Home Equity Loan Group for the Distribution Date; and
(F) the principal portion of the proceeds received by the Trustee
with respect to the related Home Equity Loan Group upon
termination of the Trust (to the extent the proceeds relate to
principal); over
(2) the amount of any Overcollateralization Release Amount with respect
to the related Home Equity Loan Group for the Distribution Date;
provided, however, on the Distribution Date occurring in February 2031,
the related Class A Principal Distribution Amount payable to any
outstanding class of Class A Certificates shall be no less than the
Class Principal Balance for each such class of Class A Certificates.
The "CLASS A-6 CALCULATION PERCENTAGE" for any Distribution Date will be the
fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the Class
Principal Balance of the Class A-6 Certificates and the denominator of which is
the aggregate Class Principal Balance of the Group I Certificates, in each case
before giving effect to distributions of principal on that Distribution Date.
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<PAGE>
The "CLASS A-6 LOCKOUT DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" for any Distribution Date will
be an amount equal to the product of (1) the applicable Class A-6 Lockout
Percentage for the Distribution Date, (2) the Class A-6 Calculation Percentage
and (3) the Class A Principal Distribution Amount with respect to the Group I
Certificates for the Distribution Date. In no event shall the Class A-6 Lockout
Distribution Amount exceed the outstanding Class Principal Balance of the
Class A-6 Certificates or the Class A Principal Distribution Amount applicable
to the Group I Certificates for the Distribution Date.
The "CLASS A-6 LOCKOUT PERCENTAGE" for each Distribution Date will be as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DISTRIBUTION DATE LOCKOUT PERCENTAGE
- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C>
January 2000 through December 2002.......................... 0%
January 2003 through December 2004.......................... 45%
January 2005 through December 2005.......................... 80%
January 2006 through December 2006.......................... 100%
January 2007 and thereafter................................. 300%
</TABLE>
"CURRENT INTEREST" with respect to each class of Class A Certificates means,
with respect to any Distribution Date: (1) the aggregate amount of interest
accrued at the related Certificate Rate on the Class Principal Balance of the
related Class A Certificates plus (2) the Carry-Forward Amount, if any, with
respect to the Class of Class A Certificates; provided, however, that with
respect to each class of Class A Certificates, the amount described in
clause (1) above will be reduced by the Class' pro rata share of any shortfalls
with respect to the related Home Equity Loan Group resulting from the
application of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940 ("Civil
Relief Act Interest Shortfalls") during the related Due Period.
The Class A-5 Certificate Rate and Class A-6 Certificate Rate are each
subject to the Group I Net WAC Cap, and the Class A-7 Certificate Rate is
subject to the Class A-7 Available Funds Cap. For a description of the
calculation of the Class A-1 Certificate Rate, the Class A-2 Certificate Rate,
the Class A-3 Certificate Rate, the Class A-4 Certificate Rate, the Class A-5
Certificate Rate, Class A-6 Certificate Rate, Class A-7 Certificate Rate, the
Group I Net WAC Cap and the Class A-7 Available Funds Cap see "--Certificate
Rate."
"DUE PERIOD" with respect to any Distribution Date is the calendar month
preceding the calendar month in which the Distribution Date occurs.
"EXTRA PRINCIPAL DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" means as to either the Group I or
Group II Certificates and any Distribution Date, the lesser of (1) the related
Target Deficiency and (2) the related Net Monthly Excess Cashflow Amount.
"MONTHLY REMITTANCE DATE" means the 18th day of each month, or if the 18th
day is not a Business Day, the preceding Business Day. On each Monthly
Remittance Date, the Servicer will be required to transfer funds on deposit in
the Principal and Interest Account to the Certificate Account.
"NET MONTHLY EXCESS CASHFLOW" with respect to each Home Equity Loan Group
and Distribution Date, means the Available Funds remaining for such Home Equity
Loan Group, if any, after the application of clauses 1 through 6 below under
"--Distributions" for the Distribution Date.
"OVERCOLLATERALIZATION AMOUNT" means, with respect to each Home Equity Loan
Group and Distribution Date, the excess, if any, of (x) the aggregate loan
balance of the Home Equity Loans in the Home Equity Loan Group as of the close
of business on the last day of the preceding Due Period over (y) the aggregate
outstanding Class Principal Balances of the related Class A Certificates as of
the Distribution Date (after taking into account the payment of the Class A
Principal Distribution Amount related to the Home Equity Loan Group on the
Distribution Date).
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<PAGE>
"OVERCOLLATERALIZATION RELEASE AMOUNT" means as to either the Group I or
Group II Certificates and any Distribution Date, the lesser of (1) the related
Class A Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date and (2) the
excess, if any, of (A) the related Overcollateralization Amount over (B) the
related Target Overcollateralization Amount.
"TARGET DEFICIENCY" means as to either the Group I or Group II Certificates
and any Distribution Date, the excess, if any, of (1) the related Target
Overcollateralization Amount for such Distribution Date over (2) the related
Overcollateralization Amount for such Distribution Date after giving effect to
the distribution of the related Class A Principal Distribution Amount on such
Distribution Date; provided, however, that in no event will the Target
Deficiency be less than zero.
"TARGET OVERCOLLATERALIZATION AMOUNT" is the required level of the
Overcollateralization Amount for each Home Equity Loan Group with respect to a
Distribution Date.
"TRANSITION EXPENSES" means expenses incurred by the Trustee in connection
with the transfer of servicing upon the termination of the Servicer for a
Servicer Termination Event; provided that the amount shall not exceed $50,000 in
any one calendar year (and no more than $100,000 in the aggregate).
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Trustee will be required to deposit into the Certificate Account:
- the proceeds of any liquidation of the assets of the Trust;
- all collections on the Home Equity Loans received during the related Due
Period and remitted by the Servicer to the Trustee; and
- all other remittances made to the Trustee by or on behalf of the Seller or
the Servicer.
The Agreement establishes a certificate rate on each class of Class A
Certificates (each, a "Certificate Rate") as set forth in this Prospectus
Supplement under "--Certificate Rate." The "Expense Fee" for any Distribution
Date will equal the sum of the Trustee Fee and the amounts payable to the
Certificate Insurer as premium on the Policies (the "Premium Amount") on the
Distribution Date.
On each Distribution Date, the Trustee will make the following disbursements
and transfers from monies then on deposit in the Certificate Account with
respect to the related Home Equity Loan Group (and, in certain limited
circumstances described below, from the other Home Equity Loan Group) and apply
the amounts in the following order of priority, in each case, to the extent of
funds remaining:
1. Concurrently, to the Trustee, the Trustee Fee and any Transition
Expenses for the related Home Equity Group and provided that no Certificate
Insurer Default as defined in clause (x) of the definition thereof has
occurred and is continuing, the Premium Amount for the related classes of
Class A Certificates for the Distribution Date to the Certificate Insurer.
2. To the related classes of Class A Certificates, the related Current
Interest for the class on a pro rata basis based on each Class A
Certificate's Current Interest without priority among the Class A
Certificates for the Distribution Date.
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<PAGE>
3. To the related classes of Class A Certificates, an amount up to the
related Class A Principal Distribution Amount in the following order of
priority:
A. With respect to the Home Equity Loan Group relating to the Group I
Certificates, the Class A Principal Distribution Amount
applicable to the Group I Certificates shall be distributed as
follows:
- To the Certificateholders of the Class A-6 Certificates, an
amount equal to the Class A-6 Lockout Distribution Amount and
- The remainder as follows: first, to the Class A-1
Certificateholders until the Class Principal Balance of the
Class A-1 Certificates is reduced to zero; second, to the
Class A-2 Certificateholders until the Class Principal Balance
of the Class A-2 Certificates is reduced to zero; third, to the
Class A-3 Certificateholders until the Class Principal Balance
of the Class A-3 Certificates is reduced to zero; fourth, to
the Class A-4 Certificateholders until the Class Principal
Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is reduced to zero;
fifth, to the Class A-5 Certificateholders until the Class
Principal Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is reduced to
zero; and sixth, to the Class A-6 Certificateholders until the
Principal Balance of the Class A-6 Certificates is reduced to
zero;
provided, however, during the continuance of a Certificate
Insurer Default, if there is a Collateralization Deficit with
respect to the Group I Certificates, then the Class A Principal
Distribution Amount applicable to the Group I Certificates shall
be distributed pro rata to the Certificateholders of the Group I
Certificates.
B. With respect to the Home Equity Loan Group relating to the Group
II Certificates, the Class A Principal Distribution Amount
applicable to the Group II Certificates shall be distributed to
the Certificateholders of the Class A-7 Certificates, until the
Class Principal Balance of the Class A-7 Certificates is reduced
to zero.
4. Concurrently, to the Trustee, any unpaid Trustee Fee and any unpaid
Transition Expenses for the unrelated Home Equity Group and provided that no
Certificate Insurer Default as defined in clause (x) of the definition
thereof has occurred and is continuing, any unpaid Premium Amount for the
unrelated class or classes of Class A Certificates for the Distribution Date
to the Certificate Insurer.
5. To the classes of Class A Certificates with respect to the unrelated
Home Equity Loan Group, the amount of the Available Funds Shortfall with
respect to the unrelated Home Equity Loan Group.
6. To the Certificate Insurer, in the following order of priority, the
sum of:
- Any Reimbursement Amount (as defined in the Agreement) owed to the
Certificate Insurer with respect to the related classes of Class A
Certificates; provided that if a Certificate Insurer Default as
defined in clause (x) of the definition thereof has occurred and is
continuing, then the priority of this allocations shall follow
immediately after clause 7 below and
- Any unpaid Reimbursement Amount owed to the Certificate Insurer
with respect to the unrelated classes of Class A Certificates;
provided that if a Certificate Insurer Default as defined in
clause (x) of the definition thereof has occurred and is
continuing, then the priority of this allocations shall follow
immediately after clause 8 below.
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7. To the classes of Class A Certificates with respect to the related
Home Equity Loan Group, an amount up to the Extra Principal Distribution
Amount for the related Home Equity Loan Group, until the related Target
Overcollateralization Amount is reached, such amounts to be applied in the
same order of priority as the Class A Principal Distribution Amount for such
Home Equity Loan Group pursuant to clause 3 above.
8. To the classes of Class A Certificates with respect to the unrelated
Home Equity Loan Group, any Target Deficiency for the Home Equity Loan Group
remaining after the distributions above and with respect to the unrelated
Home Equity Loan Group.
9. To the Class A-7 Certificates to make a payment to the extent of any
unpaid Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover.
10. To the Trustee as reimbursement for all reimbursable expenses
incurred in connection with its duties and obligations under the Agreement
to the extent not paid as Transition Expenses pursuant to clauses 1 or 4
above.
11. To the Servicer to the extent of any unreimbursed Delinquency
Advances (as defined in the Prospectus), unreimbursed Servicing Advances (as
defined in the Prospectus) and unreimbursed Compensating Interest (as
defined in the Prospectus).
12. To the Non-Offered Certificates, the remainder.
The Premium Amount as of each Distribution Date and each Home Equity Loan
Group will be as defined in the Agreement.
CERTIFICATE RATE
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-1 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal 7.17% per annum.
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-2 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal 7.22% per annum.
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-3 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal 7.33% per annum.
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-4 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal 7.65% per annum.
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-5 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal the lesser of (A) 7.96% per annum (or 8.46% per
annum for each Interest Period occurring after the Servicer first fails to
exercise its clean-up call option) and (B) the Group I Net WAC Cap for the
Distribution Date.
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-6 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal the lesser of (A) 7.52% per annum and (B) the
Group I Net WAC Cap for the Distribution Date.
With respect to any Distribution Date and the Class A-7 Certificates, the
"Certificate Rate" will equal the lesser of (A) the Class A-7 Formula Rate and
(B) the Class A-7 Available Funds Cap for the Distribution Date.
The "Class A-7 Formula Rate" for any Distribution Date is One-Month LIBOR
plus 0.35% per annum (or One-Month LIBOR plus 0.70% per annum for each Interest
Period occurring after the Servicer first fails to exercise its clean-up call
option).
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The "Class A-7 Available Funds Cap" with respect to any Interest Period and
the related Distribution Date will be a rate per annum equal to the fraction,
expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the product of (a) the
weighted average of the Net Coupon Rates (minus the Minimum Spread) on the Group
II Home Equity Loans as of the beginning of the related Due Period and (b) the
aggregate loan balance of the Group II Home Equity Loans as of the beginning of
the related Due Period, and the denominator of which is the outstanding Class
Principal Balance of the Class A-7 Certificates (before giving effect to
payments of principal on the Distribution Date) (adjusted to an effective rate
reflecting accrued interest calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and the
actual number of days elapsed).
The "Minimum Spread" shall be a percentage per annum equal to 0% for
Distribution Dates which occur prior to January 2001 and 0.50% for Distribution
Dates which occur in January 2001 or thereafter.
The "Net Coupon Rate" of any Group I Home Equity Loan or Group II Home
Equity Loan will be the rate per annum equal to the coupon rate of the Home
Equity Loan minus the sum of (1) the rate at which the Servicing Fee accrues,
(2) the rate at which the Trustee Fee accrues and (3) the applicable Premium
Amount (expressed as a per annum percentage of the aggregate principal balance
of the Group I or Group II Home Equity Loans, as applicable).
The "Group I Net WAC Cap" with respect to any Distribution Date will be a
rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the Net Coupon Rates on the
Group I Home Equity Loans as of the beginning of the related Due Period.
If on any Distribution Date the Certificate Rate for the Class A-5
Certificates or the Class A-6 Certificates is based on the Group I Net WAC Cap,
the related Certificateholders will not be entitled to receive any interest
carryover on subsequent Distribution Dates.
If on any Distribution Date the Certificate Rate for the Class A-7
Certificates is based on the Class A-7 Available Funds Cap, the Class A-7
Certificateholders will be entitled to receive on subsequent Distribution Dates
(until the Certificate Principal Balance of the Class A-7 Certificates has been
reduced to zero) the Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover as
described above.
The "Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover" is equal to the
sum of (A) the excess of (1) the amount of interest the Class A-7 Certificates
would otherwise be entitled to receive on the Distribution Date had the rate
been calculated at the Class A-7 Formula Rate for the Distribution Date over
(2) the amount of interest payable on the Class A-7 Certificates at the
Class A-7 Available Funds Cap for the Distribution Date and (B) the Class A-7
Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover for all previous Distribution Dates
not previously paid to Class A-7 Certificateholders (including any interest
accrued thereon at the Class A-7 Formula Rate).
The Policies will not cover any Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index
Carryover, and the ratings on the Class A-7 Certificates by Moody's Investors
Service, Inc. ("Moody's") and Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a division of
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ("S&P") and together with Moody's the "Rating
Agencies") will not address the likelihood of receipt by the Class A-7
Certificateholders of any amounts in respect of Class A-7 Certificateholders'
Interest Index Carryover. Payment of the Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest
Index Carryover will be subject to availability of funds therefor in accordance
with the priority of payments set forth under "--Distributions" above.
"Interest Period" means, with respect to each Distribution Date and the
Fixed Rate Certificates, the period from the first day of the calendar month
preceding the month of the Distribution Date through the last day of the
calendar month. Interest on the Fixed Rate Certificates in respect of any
Distribution Date will accrue during the related Interest Period on the basis of
a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
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"Interest Period" means, with respect to each Distribution Date and the
Variable Rate Certificates, the period from and including the preceding
Distribution Date (or the Closing Date in the case of the first Distribution
Date) to and including the day preceding the related Distribution Date. Interest
will accrue on the Variable Rate Certificates during the related Interest Period
on the basis of the actual number of days in the related Interest Period and a
year of 360 days.
CALCULATION OF ONE-MONTH LIBOR
On each LIBOR Determination Date (as defined below), the Trustee will
determine One-Month LIBOR for the next Interest Period for the Class A-7
Certificates.
"One-Month LIBOR" means, as of any LIBOR Determination Date, the London
interbank offered rate for one-month United States dollar deposits which appears
in the Telerate Page 3750 as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on this date. If the
rate does not appear on Telerate Page 3750, the rate for that day will be
determined on the basis of the rates at which deposits in United States dollars
are offered by the Reference Banks at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time), on
that day to prime banks in the London interbank market. The Trustee will request
the principal London office of each of the Reference Banks to provide a
quotation of its rate. If at least two quotations are provided, the rate for
that day will be the arithmetic mean of the quotations (rounded upwards if
necessary to the nearest whole multiple of 1/16%). If fewer than two quotations
are provided as requested, the rate for that day will be the arithmetic mean of
the rates quoted by major banks in New York City, selected by the Servicer, at
approximately 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on that day for loans in United
States dollars to leading European banks.
"LIBOR Determination Date" means, with respect to any Interest Period, the
second London business day preceding the commencement of the Interest Period (or
in the case of the first Distribution Date, December 13, 1999). For purposes of
determining One-Month LIBOR, a "London business day" is any day on which
dealings in deposits of United States dollars are transacted in the London
interbank market.
"Telerate Page 3750" means the display page currently so designated on the
Bridge Telerate Service (or another page that replaces this page on the service
for the purpose of displaying comparable rates or prices) and "Reference Banks"
means leading banks selected by CHEC and engaged in transactions in Eurodollar
deposits in the international Eurocurrency market.
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CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
THE POLICIES.
FOR AN EXPLANATION OF THE POLICIES, WE REFER YOU TO "THE POLICIES AND THE
CERTIFICATE INSURER" IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
OVERCOLLATERALIZATION RESULTING FROM CASH FLOW STRUCTURE. The Agreement
requires that, on each Distribution Date, Net Monthly Excess Cashflow with
respect to a Home Equity Loan Group be applied on the Distribution Date as an
accelerated payment of principal on the related class or classes of Class A
Certificates, but only to the limited extent hereafter described.
The application of Net Monthly Excess Cashflow for the payment of principal
has the effect of accelerating the amortization of the related Class A
Certificates relative to the amortization of the Home Equity Loans in the
related Home Equity Loan Group. The Net Monthly Excess Cashflow with respect to
a Home Equity Loan Group may, to the extent available therefor, be used to make
any required accelerated payments of principal on the unrelated class or classes
of Class A Certificates. To the extent that any Net Monthly Excess Cashflow is
not so used, the Agreement provides that it will be used:
(1) with respect to the Net Monthly Excess Cashflow for the Group II Home
Equity Loans, to pay the Certificateholders of the Class A-7 Certificates
any Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover,
(2) with respect to the Net Monthly Excess Cashflows for both Home Equity
Loan Groups, to reimburse the Servicer and the Trustee with respect to
any amounts owing to them, and
(3) with respect to the Net Monthly Excess Cashflow for both Home Equity
Loan Groups, to pay the Class X-IO and the Class R Certificateholders, as
specified in the Agreement.
Pursuant to the Agreement, each Home Equity Loan Group's Net Monthly Excess
Cashflow will be applied as an accelerated payment of principal on the Class A
Certificates until the related Overcollateralization Amount has increased to the
related Target Overcollateralization Amount.
The Agreement generally provides that the related Target
Overcollateralization Amount may, over time, decrease or increase, subject to
floors, caps and triggers including triggers that allow the related Target
Overcollateralization Amount to decrease or "step down" based on the performance
on the Home Equity Loans in the related Home Equity Loan Group with respect to
the tests specified in the Agreement based on delinquency rates and cumulative
losses. In addition, Net Monthly Excess Cashflow for each Home Equity Loan Group
will be applied to the payment in reduction of principal of the related Class A
Certificates during the period that the Home Equity Loans in the Home Equity
Loan Group are unable to meet the tests specified in the Agreement based on
delinquency rates and cumulative losses.
In the event that the Target Overcollateralization Amount with respect to a
Home Equity Loan Group is permitted to decrease or "step down" on a Distribution
Date in the future, the Agreement provides that a portion of the principal which
would otherwise be distributed to the Certificateholders of the related Class A
Certificates on the Distribution Date shall be distributed to the Class X-IO
Certificateholders or as otherwise provided in the Agreement (to the extent
available therefor) over the period specified in the Agreement. This has the
effect of decelerating the amortization of Class A Certificates relative to the
amortization of the Home Equity Loans and of reducing the related
Overcollateralization Amount.
If, on any Distribution Date, the Overcollateralization Amount is, or, after
taking into account all other distributions to be made on the Distribution Date,
would be, greater than the related Target Overcollateralization Amount, then any
amounts relating to principal which would otherwise be
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distributed to the Certificateholders of the related class or classes of
Class A Certificates on the Distribution Date shall instead be distributed to
the Certificateholders of the Class X-IO Certificates or as otherwise provided
in the Agreement (to the extent available therefor) in an amount equal to the
Overcollateralization Release Amount.
The Agreement provides generally that, on any Distribution Date all amounts
collected on account of principal (other than any amount applied to the payment
of an Overcollateralization Release Amount) during the prior Due Period will be
distributed to the Certificateholders of the related Class A Certificates on the
Distribution Date. If any Home Equity Loan became a Liquidated Loan during the
prior Due Period, the Net Liquidation Proceeds related thereto and allocated to
principal may be less than the principal balance of the related Home Equity
Loan. The amount of any such insufficiency is referred to as a "Realized Loss."
In addition, the Agreement provides that the loan balance of any Home Equity
Loan which becomes a Liquidated Loan shall thereafter equal zero. The Agreement
does not contain any requirement that the amount of any Realized Loss be
distributed to the Certificateholders of the related Class A Certificates on the
Distribution Date which immediately follows the event of loss, i.e., the
Agreement does not require the current recovery of losses.
However, the occurrence of a Realized Loss will reduce the
Overcollateralization Amount with respect to a Home Equity Loan Group, which to
the extent that the reduction causes the Overcollateralization Amount to be less
than the Target Overcollateralization Amount applicable to the related
Distribution Date, will require the payment of an Extra Principal Distribution
Amount on the Distribution Date (or, if insufficient funds are available on the
Distribution Date, on subsequent Distribution Dates, until the
Overcollateralization Amount equals the Target Overcollateralization Amount).
The effect of the foregoing is to allocate losses to the Certificateholders of
the Class X-IO and Class R Certificates, as specified in the Agreement, by
reducing, or eliminating entirely, payments of Net Monthly Excess Cashflow which
the Certificateholders would otherwise receive.
A "Liquidated Loan" is a Home Equity Loan with respect to which a
determination has been made by the Servicer that all recoveries have been
recovered or that the Servicer reasonably believes that the cost of obtaining
any additional recoveries therefrom would exceed the amount of the recoveries.
OVERCOLLATERALIZATION AND THE POLICIES. The Agreement defines a
"Collateralization Deficit" with respect to a Home Equity Loan Group and
Distribution Date to be the amount, if any, by which (x) the aggregate Class
Principal Balance of the related Class A Certificates with respect to the
Distribution Date, after taking into account all distributions to be made on the
Distribution Date (except for any Insured Payment or any payment in respect of
the Collateralization Deficit), exceeds (y) the aggregate loan balances of the
Home Equity Loans in the Home Equity Loan Group as of the close of business on
the last day of the related Due Period.
The Agreement requires the Trustee to make a claim for an Insured Payment
under the related Policy not later than the third Business Day prior to any
Distribution Date as to which the Trustee has determined that a
Collateralization Deficit will occur after giving effect to all other payments
of principal on the Distribution Date (except for any Insured Payment) for the
purpose of applying the proceeds of the Insured Payment as a payment of
principal to the Certificateholders of the related Class A Certificates on the
Distribution Date.
Each Policy is thus similar to the subordination provisions described above
insofar as the Policy guarantees ultimate, rather than current, payment of the
amounts of any Realized Losses to the Certificateholders of the Class A
Certificates.
Investors in the Class A Certificates should realize that, under extreme
loss or delinquency scenarios applicable to the related Home Equity Loan Group,
they may temporarily receive no distributions of principal when they would
otherwise be entitled thereto under the principal allocation
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provisions described in this Prospectus Supplement. Nevertheless, the exposure
to risk of loss of principal of the Certificateholders of the Class A
Certificates depends in part on the ability of the Certificate Insurer to
satisfy its obligations under the Policies. In that respect and to the extent
that the Certificate Insurer satisfies the obligations, the Certificateholders
of the Class A Certificates are insulated from principal losses on the
Certificates.
CROSSCOLLATERALIZATION PROVISIONS. Certain Total Available Funds (as
defined below) with respect to each Home Equity Loan Group will be available to
cover certain shortfalls and to create overcollateralization with respect to the
Class A Certificates relating to the other Home Equity Loan Group as described
above under "Description of the Certificates--Distributions."
FINAL SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTION DATE
The final scheduled Distribution Date (the "Final Scheduled Distribution
Date") for each class of Class A Certificates is specified on the cover page of
this Prospectus Supplement.
The Final Scheduled Distribution Date for each of the Class A-1, Class A-2,
Class A-3 and Class A-4 Certificates is the Distribution Date occurring two
months after the date on which the Class Principal Balance for the related class
would be reduced to zero assuming that no prepayments are received on the
related Home Equity Loans, no excess cashflow is applied to create
overcollateralization and that scheduled monthly payments of principal of and
interest on each of the Home Equity Loans are timely received. The Final
Scheduled Distribution Date for each of the Class A-5, Class A-6 and Class A-7
Certificates is the Distribution Date occurring fifteen months after the
maturity date of the latest possible maturing Home Equity Loan.
It is expected that the actual last Distribution Date for each class of
Class A Certificates will occur significantly earlier than the Final Scheduled
Distribution Date. The Policies do not guarantee that the Class Principal
Balances of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3 or Class A-4 Certificates will
be paid in full by their respective Final Scheduled Distribution Dates.
WE REFER YOU TO "PREPAYMENT AND YIELD CONSIDERATIONS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
SERVICING FEE
As to each Home Equity Loan, the Servicer will retain a fee (the "Servicing
Fee") equal to 0.50% per annum, payable monthly at one-twelfth of the annual
rate of the then outstanding principal balance of the Home Equity Loan serviced
as of the first day of each Due Period. If a successor Servicer is appointed in
accordance with the Agreement, the Servicing Fee shall be an amount agreed upon
by the Trustee, the Certificate Insurer, and the successor Servicer but in no
event in an amount greater than the amount paid to the predecessor Servicer. The
Servicer will also be able to retain late fees, prepayment charges, assumption
fees, release fees, bad check charges and any other servicing related charges.
THE TRUSTEE
Harris Trust and Savings Bank has been named Trustee pursuant to the
Agreement.
The Trustee may have normal banking relationships with the Depositor, the
Sellers and the Servicer.
As to each Home Equity Loan the Trustee will receive a fee (the "Trustee
Fee") set forth in the Agreement.
The Trustee may resign at any time, in which event the Depositor will be
obligated to appoint a successor Trustee, as approved by the Certificate Insurer
and the Servicer. The Depositor and the Servicer may also remove the Trustee if
the Trustee ceases to be eligible to continue under the
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Agreement or if the Trustee becomes insolvent. Upon becoming aware of these
circumstances, the Depositor will be obligated to appoint a successor Trustee,
as approved by the Certificate Insurer and the Servicer (Servicer approval not
to be unreasonably withheld). Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and
appointment of a successor Trustee will not become effective until acceptance of
the appointment by the successor Trustee.
No holder of a Certificate will have any right under the Agreement to
institute any proceeding with respect to the Agreement unless the holder
previously has received the Certificate Insurer's prior written consent (unless
a Certificate Insurer Default as defined in clause (x) of the definition thereof
has occurred and is continuing) and has given to the Trustee written notice of
default and unless Certificateholders holding Certificates evidencing at least
51% of the Percentage Interests in the Trust, have made written requests upon
the Trustee to institute a proceeding in its own name as Trustee thereunder and
have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity and the Trustee for 60 days has
neglected or refused to institute any proceeding. The Trustee will be under no
obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by the Agreement
or to make any investigation of matters arising thereunder or to institute,
conduct or defend any litigation thereunder or in relation thereto at the
request, order or direction of any of the Certificateholders, unless the
Certificateholders have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity
against the cost, expenses and liabilities which may be incurred in this
Prospectus Supplement or thereby.
The Trustee will make the monthly statement to Certificateholders (and, at
its option, any additional files containing the same information in an
alternative format) available each month to Certificateholders, and the other
parties to the Agreement via the Trustee's fax-on-demand service. The Trustee's
fax-on-demand service may be accessed by calling 312-461-2647. Parties that are
unable to use the above distribution options are entitled to have a paper copy
mailed to them via first class mail by calling the customer service desk. The
Trustee shall have the right to change the way monthly statements are
distributed in order to make distribution more convenient and/or more accessible
to the above parties and the Trustee shall provide timely and adequate
notification to all above parties regarding any changes.
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THE POLICIES AND THE CERTIFICATE INSURER
THE POLICIES
The following information has been supplied by MBIA Insurance Corporation
(the "Certificate Insurer") for inclusion in this Prospectus Supplement. The
Certificate Insurer does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy or
completeness of this Prospectus Supplement or any information or disclosure
contained in this Prospectus Supplement, or omitted herefrom, other than with
respect to the accuracy of the information regarding the Certificate Guaranty
Insurance Policies (the "Policies") and the Certificate Insurer set forth under
the heading "The Policies and the Certificate Insurer." Additionally, the
Certificate Insurer makes no representation regarding the Certificates or the
advisability of investing in the Certificates.
The Certificate Insurer, in consideration of the payment of a premium and
subject to the terms of the Policies, thereby unconditionally and irrevocably
guarantees to any Certificateholder that an amount equal to each full and
complete Insured Payment will be received from the Certificate Insurer by the
Trustee, or its successors, as trustee for the Certificateholders, on behalf of
the Certificateholders for distribution by the Trustee to each Certificateholder
of each Certificateholder's proportionate share of the Insured Payment.
The Certificate Insurer's obligations under the Policies with respect to a
particular Insured Payment will be discharged to the extent funds equal to the
applicable Insured Payment are received by the Trustee, whether or not those
funds are properly applied by the Trustee. Insured Payments shall be made only
at the time set forth in the Policies and no accelerated Insured Payments will
be made regardless of any acceleration of the Class A Certificates, unless
acceleration is at the sole option of the Certificate Insurer.
Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraph, the Policies do not cover
shortfalls, if any, attributable to the liability of the Trust, any REMIC or the
Trustee for withholding taxes, if any (including interest and penalties in
respect of any liability for withholding taxes). The Policies do not cover, and
Insured Payments shall not include, any Civil Relief Act Interest Shortfalls,
any Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover, any reduction in
interest on the Class A-5 or Class A-6 Certificates due to the application of
the Group I Net WAC Cap or any reduction in interest on the Class A-7
Certificates due to the Class A-7 Available Funds Cap.
The Certificate Insurer will pay any Insured Payment that is a Preference
Amount on the business day following receipt on a business day by the
Certificate Insurer's fiscal agent of:
- a certified copy of the order requiring the return of a preference
payment,
- an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the Certificate Insurer that the
order is final and not subject to appeal,
- an assignment in a form reasonably required by the Certificate Insurer,
irrevocably assigning to the Certificate Insurer all rights and claims of
the Certificateholder relating to or arising under the Class A
Certificates against the debtor which made the preference payment or
otherwise with respect to the preference payment and
- appropriate instruments to effect the appointment of the Certificate
Insurer as agent for the Certificateholder in any legal proceeding related
to the preference payment, the instruments being in a form satisfactory to
the Certificate Insurer,
provided that if the documents are received after 12:00 p.m., New York time, on
that business day, they will be deemed to be received on the following business
day. Payments by the Certificate Insurer will be disbursed to the receiver or
trustee in bankruptcy named in the final order of the court exercising
jurisdiction on behalf of the Certificateholder and not to any Certificateholder
directly unless the
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Certificateholder has returned principal or interest paid on the Class A
Certificates to the receiver or trustee in bankruptcy, in which case that
payment will be disbursed to the Certificateholder.
The Certificate Insurer will pay any other amount payable under a Policy no
later than 12:00 p.m., New York time, on the later of the Distribution Date on
which the related Deficiency Amount is due or the third business day following
receipt in New York, New York on a business day by State Street Bank and Trust
Company, N.A., as fiscal agent for the Certificate Insurer, or any successor
fiscal agent appointed by the Certificate Insurer of a notice from the Trustee
specifying the Insured Payment which is due and owing on the applicable
Distribution Date; provided that if the notice is received after 12:00 p.m., New
York time, on that business day, it will be deemed to be received on the
following business day. If any Notice received by the Certificate Insurer's
fiscal agent is not in proper form or is otherwise insufficient for the purpose
of making a claim under a Policy, it will be deemed not to have been received by
the Certificate Insurer's fiscal agent for purposes of this paragraph, and the
Certificate Insurer or the fiscal agent, as the case may be, will promptly so
advise the Trustee and the Trustee may submit an amended notice.
Insured Payments due under a Policy unless otherwise stated therein will be
disbursed by the Certificate Insurer's fiscal agent to the Trustee, on behalf of
the Certificateholders by wire transfer of immediately available funds in the
amount of the Insured Payment less, in respect of Insured Payments related to
Preference Amounts, any amount held by the Trustee for the payment of the
Insured Payment and legally available therefor.
The fiscal agent is the agent of the Certificate Insurer only and the fiscal
agent will in no event be liable to Certificateholders for any acts of the
fiscal agent or any failure of the Certificate Insurer to deposit, or cause to
be deposited, sufficient funds to make payments due under the related Policy.
As used in the Policies, the following terms shall have the following
meanings:
"Class Principal Balance" means "Certificate Principal Balance" as defined
in the Agreement.
"Deficiency Amount" means, as of any Distribution Date, the excess, if any,
of (a) the sum of (1) the Current Interest for the related Class A Certificates
for the Distribution Date and (2) the Group I Guaranteed Principal Amount or the
Group II Guaranteed Principal Amount, as applicable, for the Distribution Date
over (b) the related Total Available Funds for such Distribution Date (net of
the Premium Amount with respect to the related Class A Certificates, the Trustee
Fee and Transition Expenses of the related Home Equity Loan Group and after
giving effect to the cross-collateralization provisions of the Agreement).
"Group I Guaranteed Principal Amount" means (a) with respect to any
Distribution Date other than the Distribution Date in February 2031 the
Collateralization Deficit with respect to Group I for the Distribution Date and
(b) with respect to the Distribution Date in February 2031, the Class Principal
Balance of the Group I Certificates after giving effect to distributions thereon
on the Distribution Date (including Insured Payments distributed in respect of
clause (a) above but excluding any other Insured Payment).
"Group II Guaranteed Principal Amount" means (a) with respect to any
Distribution Date other than the Distribution Date in February 2031, the
Collateralization Deficit with respect to Group II for the Distribution Date and
(b) with respect to the Distribution Date in February 2031, the Class Principal
Balance of the Group II Certificates after giving effect to distributions
thereon on the Distribution Date (including Insured Payments distributed in
respect of clause (a) above but excluding any other Insured Payment).
"Insured Payment" means (a) as of any Distribution Date, any Deficiency
Amount and (b) any Preference Amount.
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"Preference Amount" means any amount previously distributed to an Owner on
the Class A Certificates that is recoverable and sought to be recovered as a
voidable preference by a trustee in bankruptcy pursuant to the United States
Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.), as amended from time to time in accordance with a
final nonappealable order of a court having competent jurisdiction.
"Total Available Funds" means, as to each Distribution Date and a Home
Equity Loan Group, the sum of (x) the amount on deposit in the Certificate
Account with respect to the Home Equity Loan Group and (y) any amounts on
deposit in the Certificate Account with respect to the other Home Equity Loan
Group to be applied to an Available Funds Shortfall with respect to the related
classes of Class A Certificates pursuant to clause 5 under "--Distributions" on
the Distribution Date (disregarding the amount of any Insured Payment to be made
on the Distribution Date).
Capitalized terms used in the Policies and not otherwise defined in the
Policies shall have the meanings set forth in the Agreement as of the date of
execution of the Policies, without giving effect to any subsequent amendment to
or modification of the Agreement unless such amendment or modification has been
approved in writing by the Certificate Insurer.
The Policies are not cancelable for any reason. The premium on each Policy
is not refundable for any reason including payment, or provision being made for
payment, prior to maturity of the related Class A Certificates.
EACH POLICY IS BEING ISSUED UNDER AND PURSUANT TO, AND WILL BE CONSTRUED
UNDER, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO THE CONFLICT
OF LAWS PRINCIPLES THEREOF.
The insurance provided by each Policy is not covered by the
Property/Casualty Insurance Security Fund specified in Article 76 of the New
York Insurance Law.
THE CERTIFICATE INSURER
The Certificate Insurer is the principal operating subsidiary of MBIA Inc.,
a New York Stock Exchange listed company MBIA Inc. is not obligated to pay the
debts of or claims against the Certificate Insurer. The Certificate Insurer is
domiciled in the State of New York and licensed to do business in and is subject
to regulation under the laws of all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,
the Virgin Islands of the United States and the Territory of Guam. The
Certificate Insurer has two European branches, one in the Republic of France and
the other in the Kingdom of Spain. New York has laws prescribing minimum capital
requirements, limiting classes and concentrations of investments and requiring
the approval of policy rates and forms. State laws also regulate the amount of
both the aggregate and individual risks that may be insured, the payment of
dividends by the Certificate Insurer, changes in control and transactions among
affiliates. Additionally, the Certificate Insurer is required to maintain
contingency reserves on its liabilities in specified amounts and for specified
periods of time.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE CERTIFICATE INSURER
The consolidated financial statements of the Certificate Insurer, a wholly
owned subsidiary of MBIA Inc., and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998 and
December 31, 1997 and for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1998, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of MBIA Inc. for the year
ended December 31, 1998 and the consolidated financial statements of the
Certificate Insurer and its subsidiaries as of September 30, 1999 and for the
nine-month periods ended September 30, 1999 and September 30, 1998 included in
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of MBIA Inc. for the period ended
September 30, 1999 are hereby incorporated by reference into this Prospectus
Supplement and shall be deemed to be a part hereof. Any statement contained in a
document incorporated by reference
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<PAGE>
in this Prospectus Supplement shall be modified or superseded for purposes of
this Prospectus Supplement to the extent that a statement contained in this
Prospectus Supplement or in any other subsequently filed document which also is
incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement modifies or supersedes
that statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed,
except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Prospectus
Supplement.
All financial statements of the Certificate Insurer and its subsidiaries
included in documents filed by MBIA Inc. pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, subsequent to the date
of this Prospectus Supplement and prior to the termination of the offering of
the Class A Certificates shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into
this Prospectus Supplement and to be a part hereof from the respective dates of
filing the documents.
The tables below present selected financial information of the Certificate
Insurer determined in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed
or permitted by insurance regulatory authorities and generally accepted
accounting principles:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
STATUTORY ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
--------------------------------------
DECEMBER 31, 1998 SEPTEMBER 30, 1999
----------------- ------------------
(AUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C>
Admitted Assets............................. $6,521 $6,930
Liabilities................................. 4,231 4,571
Capital and Surplus......................... 2,290 2,359
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GENERALLY
ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
--------------------------------------
DECEMBER 31, 1998 SEPTEMBER 30, 1999
----------------- ------------------
(AUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C>
Assets...................................... $7,488 $7,422
Liabilities................................. 3,211 3,234
Shareholder's Equity........................ 4,277 4,188
</TABLE>
WHERE YOU CAN OBTAIN ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE CERTIFICATE INSURER
Copies of the financial statements of the Certificate Insurer incorporated
by reference in this Prospectus Supplement and copies of the Certificate
Insurer's 1998 year-end audited financial statements prepared in accordance with
statutory accounting practices are available, without charge, from the
Certificate Insurer. The address of the Certificate Insurer is 113 King Street,
Armonk, New York 10504. The telephone number of the Certificate Insurer is
(914) 273-4545.
YEAR 2000 READINESS DISCLOSURE
MBIA Inc. is actively managing a high-priority Year 2000 ("Y2K") program
addressing the issue of whether its computer systems can correctly distinguish
between the years 1900 and 2000. MBIA Inc. has established an independent Y2K
testing lab in its Armonk headquarters, with a committee of business unit
managers overseeing the project. MBIA Inc. has a budget of $1.13 million for its
1998-2000 Y2K efforts. As of September 30, 1999, MBIA Inc. has spent $949,000 on
the project. A recent review of efforts at certain subsidiaries has indicated
the need to spend an additional $1.03 million this year on remediation. As of
September 30, 1999, MBIA Inc. has spent $568,000 of this additional amount.
However this increase will not have a material effect on MBIA's financial
results.
MBIA Inc. has initiated a comprehensive Y2K plan that includes the following
phases: assessment--completed in the second quarter of 1998;
remediation--completed in the fourth quarter of 1998; testing--completed in the
second quarter of 1999; and contingency planning--completed in the
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<PAGE>
third quarter of 1999, subject to final approval by senior management and any
need for revision that might arise in the future. This plan covers
"mission-critical" internally developed systems, vendor software, hardware and
specified third-party entities through which MBIA Inc. conducts its business.
Testing to date indicates that functions critical to the financial guarantee
business, both domestic and international, were Y2K-ready as of December 31,
1998. Additional testing is being carried out throughout 1999.
FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS OF THE CERTIFICATE INSURER
Moody's Investors Service, Inc. rates the financial strength of the
Certificate Insurer "Aaa."
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc. rates the financial strength of the Certificate Insurer "AAA."
Fitch IBCA, Inc. (formerly known as Fitch Investors Service, L.P.) rates the
financial strength of the Certificate Insurer "AAA."
Each rating of the Certificate Insurer should be evaluated independently.
The ratings reflect the respective rating agency's current assessment of the
creditworthiness of the Certificate Insurer and its ability to pay claims on its
policies of insurance. Any further explanation as to the significance of the
above ratings may be obtained only from the applicable rating agency.
The above ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold the
Certificates, and the ratings may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any
time by the rating agencies. Any downward revision or withdrawal of any of the
above ratings may have an adverse effect on the market price of the
Certificates. The Certificate Insurer does not guaranty the market price of the
Certificates nor does it guaranty that the ratings on the Certificates will not
be revised or withdrawn.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds to be received from the sale of the Certificates will be
applied by the Depositor towards the purchase of the Home Equity Loans from the
Sellers.
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<PAGE>
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following section in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus
captioned "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" discusses the material federal
income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the
Class A Certificates. This section must be considered only in connection with
"FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" in the Prospectus. The discussion in this
Prospectus Supplement and in the Prospectus is based upon laws, regulations,
rulings and decisions now in effect, all of which are subject to change. The
discussion below and in the Prospectus does not purport to deal with all federal
tax consequences applicable to all categories of investors, some of which may be
subject to special rules. Investors should consult their own tax advisors in
determining the federal, state, local and any other tax consequences to them of
the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Class A Certificates. No portion
of the "CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS" or "FEDERAL INCOME TAX
CONSEQUENCES" sections of the Prospectus Supplement or Prospectus constitutes an
opinion of counsel, other than the opinion set forth in the second paragraph of
"--REMIC Elections" below and in clause (2) of "FEDERAL INCOME TAX
CONSEQUENCES--OPINIONS" in the Prospectus.
REMIC ELECTIONS
Two separate elections will be made to treat the assets of the Trust as real
estate mortgage investment conduits ("REMICs") for federal income tax purposes,
creating a two-tiered REMIC structure. The Class A and Class X-IO Certificates
will be designated as regular interests in a REMIC (the "Regular Certificates"
or the "REMIC Regular Certificates"), and the Class R-1 and Class R-2
Certificates each will be designated as the residual interest in a REMIC (the
"Residual Certificates" or the "REMIC Residual Certificates").
Qualification as a REMIC requires ongoing compliance with relevant
conditions. Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP, special tax counsel to the Sellers
and the Depositor, is of the opinion that, for federal income tax purposes,
assuming (1) the appropriate REMIC elections are made, and (2) compliance with
all of the provisions of the Agreement, the REMICs formed pursuant to the
Agreement will each constitute a REMIC, the Class A and Class X-IO Certificates
will be considered "regular interests" in a REMIC, and the Residual Certificates
will be considered the sole class of "residual interests" in each REMIC.
Because the REMIC Regular Certificates will be considered REMIC regular
interests, they generally will be taxable as debt obligations under the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and interest paid or accrued on
the Regular Certificates, including original issue discount with respect to any
Regular Certificates issued with original issue discount, will be taxable to
Certificateholders in accordance with the accrual method of accounting. We do
not anticipate that any of the Classes of Offered Certificates will be issued
with original issue discount. WE REFER YOU TO "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES"
IN THE PROSPECTUS FOR MORE DETAIL.
In addition, Classes of Offered Certificates may be treated as issued with a
premium. WE REFER YOU TO "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" IN THE PROSPECTUS FOR
MORE DETAIL.
The prepayment assumption that will be used in determining the rate of
accrual of original issue discount is 120% Prepayment Assumption with respect to
the Group I Home Equity Loans and 28% CPR with respect to the Group II Home
Equity Loans. See "Prepayment and Yield Considerations" in this Prospectus
Supplement for a description of the prepayment assumption model. However, no
representation is made as to the rate at which prepayments actually will occur.
The Class A Certificates will be treated as assets described in
Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code for domestic building and loan associations,
and "real estate assets" for real estate investment trusts (REITs), subject to
the limitations described in "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" in
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<PAGE>
the Prospectus. Similarly, interest on the Class A Certificates will be
considered "interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property" for
REITs, subject to the limitations described in "Federal Income Tax Consequences"
in the Prospectus.
CLASS A-7 CERTIFICATES
The Agreement provides for a reserve fund (the "Supplemental Interest
Reserve Fund"), which is held by the Trustee on behalf of the holders of the
Class A-7 Certificates. To the extent amounts on deposit are sufficient, holders
of the Class A-7 Certificates will be entitled to receive payments from the fund
equal to any Current WAC Excess and any Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest
Index Carryover.
The "Current WAC Excess" is the portion of the Current Interest being
distributed on any particular Distribution Date with respect to the Class A-7
Certificates equal to the amount of interest accrued on those Certificates at a
rate equal to the excess of the Certificate Rate over the Group II Net WAC Cap.
The "Group II Net WAC Cap" with respect to any Distribution Date will be the
rate per annum equal to the weighted average Net Coupon Rates of the Group II
Home Equity Loans as of the beginning of the related Due Period minus the
Minimum Spread. The amount required to be deposited in the fund on any
Distribution Date (the "Supplemental Interest Reserve Fund Deposit") will equal
any Current WAC Excess or Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover
for such Distribution Date, or, if no Current WAC Excess or Class A-7
Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover is payable on such Distribution
Date, an amount such that when added to other amounts already on deposit in the
fund, the aggregate amount on deposit therein is equal to $10,000. Any
investment earnings on amounts on deposit in the fund will be paid to (and for
the benefit of) the holders of the Class X-IO Certificates and will not be
available to pay any Current WAC Excess or Class A-7 Certificateholders' Index
Carryover. The Supplemental Interest Reserve Fund will not be included as an
asset of any REMIC created pursuant to the Agreement.
The Class A-7 Certificates, except to the extent of any Current WAC Excess
and any Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover, will be treated
as regular interests in a REMIC under section 860G of the Code (the "Class A-7
Regular Interests"). Accordingly, the portion of the Class A-7 Certificates
representing the Class A-7 Regular Interests will be treated as (i) assets
described in section 7701(a)(19)(C) or the Code, and (ii) "real estate assets"
within the meaning of section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code, in each case to the
extent described in the Prospectus. Interest on such portion of the Class A-7
Certificates will be treated as interest on obligations secured by mortgages on
real property within the meaning of section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code to the same
extent that such portion of the Class A-7 Certificates is treated as real estate
assets. WE REFER YOU TO "CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" IN THE
PROSPECTUS.
The right to receive any Current WAC Excess and any Class A-7
Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover will not be (i) a regular interest
in a REMIC under section 860G of the Code, (ii) an asset described in
section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, or (iii) a "real estate asset" within the
meaning of section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code. Further, neither the Current WAC
Excess nor the Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover will be
considered interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property within
the meaning of section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code.
Each holder of a Class A-7 Certificate is deemed to own an undivided
beneficial ownership interest in two assets: (i) the Class A-7 Regular Interests
and (ii) an interest rate cap contract (a "Cap Agreement") under which the
Current WAC Excess and Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover is
paid. The Cap Agreement with respect to the Class A-7 Certificates is not
included in any REMIC. The treatment of amounts received by a Class A-7
Certificateholder under such Certificateholder's right to receive the Current
WAC Excess and the Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover will
depend upon the portion of such Certificateholder's purchase price
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<PAGE>
allocable thereto. Under the REMIC regulations, each Class A-7 Certificateholder
must allocate its purchase price for the Class A-7 Certificates between its
undivided interest in the Class A-7 Regular Interests and its undivided interest
in the Cap Agreement in accordance with the relative fair market values of each
property right. No representation is or will be made as to such relative fair
market values. Generally, payments made to the Class A-7 Certificates under the
Cap Agreement will be included in income based on, and the purchase price
allocated to the Cap Agreement may be amortized in accordance with, the
regulations relating to notional principal contracts.
CERTAIN STATE TAX CONSIDERATIONS
Because the income tax laws of the states vary, it is impractical to predict
the income tax consequences to the Certificateholders in all of the state taxing
jurisdictions in which they are subject to tax. Certificateholders are urged to
consult their own tax advisors with respect to state and local income and
franchise taxes.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
A fiduciary of a pension, profit-sharing, retirement or other employee
benefit plan subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), should consider the fiduciary standards under
ERISA in the context of the plan's particular circumstances before authorizing
an investment of a portion of the plan's assets in the Class A Certificates.
Accordingly, pursuant to Section 404 of ERISA, the fiduciary should consider
among other factors:
(1) whether the investment is for the exclusive benefit of plan participants
and their beneficiaries;
(2) whether the investment satisfies the applicable diversification
requirements;
(3) whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and
instruments governing the plan; and
(4) whether the investment is prudent, considering the nature of the
investment. Fiduciaries of plans also should consider ERISA's prohibition
on improper delegation of control over, or responsibility for, plan
assets.
In addition, benefit plans subject to ERISA, as well as individual
retirement accounts or types of Keogh plans not subject to ERISA but subject to
Section 4975 of the Code and any entity whose source of funds for the purchase
of Class A Certificates includes plan assets by reason of a plan or account
investing in the entity (each, a "Plan"), are prohibited from engaging in a
broad range of transactions involving Plan assets and persons having specified
relationships to a Plan ("parties in interest" and "disqualified persons").
These transactions are treated as "prohibited transactions" under Sections 406
and 407 of ERISA and excise taxes are imposed upon these persons by
Section 4975 of the Code.
An investment in Class A Certificates by a Plan might result in the assets
of the Trust being deemed to constitute Plan assets, which in turn might mean
that aspects of the investment, including the operation of the Trust, might be
prohibited transactions under ERISA and the Code. Neither ERISA nor the Code
defines the term "plan assets." Under Section 2510.3-101 of the United States
Department of Labor ("DOL") regulations (the "Regulation"), a Plan's assets may
include an interest in the underlying assets of an entity (including a trust),
including the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Code, if the
Plan acquires an "equity interest" in the entity, unless exceptions apply. The
Depositor believes that the Class A Certificates will give Certificateholders an
equity interest in the Trust for purposes of the Regulation and can give no
assurance that the Class A Certificates will qualify for any of the exceptions
under the Regulation. As a result, the assets of the Trust may be considered the
assets of any Plan which acquires a Class A Certificate.
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<PAGE>
The U.S. Department of Labor has granted to Salomon Smith Barney Inc. an
administrative exemption (Prohibited Transaction Exemption ("PTE") 89-89, as
amended, Exemption Application No. D-6446, 54 Fed. Reg. 42589 (October 17,
1989)) (the "Exemption") from the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA which
may be applicable to the initial purchase, the holding and the subsequent resale
in the secondary market by Plans of pass-through certificates representing a
beneficial undivided ownership interest in the assets of a trust that consist of
receivables, loans and other obligations that meet the conditions and
requirements of the Exemption which may be applicable to the Class A
Certificates if Salomon Smith Barney Inc. or any of its affiliates is either the
sole underwriter or manager or co-manager of the underwriting syndicate, or a
selling or placement agent. The conditions which must be satisfied for the
Exemption to apply to the purchase, holding and transfer of the Class A
Certificates include the following:
(1) The acquisition of the Class A Certificates by a Plan is on terms
(included the price for the Class A Certificates) that are at least as
favorable to the Plan as they would be in an arm's length transaction
with an unrelated party.
(2) The rights and interest evidenced by a class of Class A Certificates
acquired by the Plan are not subordinated to the rights and interest
evidenced by any other Certificates of the Trust.
(3) The Class A Certificates acquired by the Plan have received a rating at
the time of the acquisition that is in one of the three highest generic
rating categories from any of Moody's, Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co.,
S&P or Fitch IBCA, Inc. ("Authorized Rating Agencies") and the investment
pool consists only of assets of the type enumerated in the Exemption, and
which have been included in other investment pools; certificates
evidencing interests in the other investment pools have been rated in one
of the three highest generic rating categories by an Authorized Rating
Agency for at least one year prior to a Plan's acquisition of
certificates; and certificates evidencing interests in the other
investment pool have been purchased by investors other than Plans for at
least one year prior to a Plan's acquisition of the Class A Certificates.
(4) The sum of all payments made to the Underwriters in connection with the
distribution of the Class A Certificates represents not more than
reasonable compensation for distributing the Class A Certificates. The
sum of all payments made to and retained by the Depositor pursuant to the
sale of the Home Equity Loans to the Trust represents not more than the
fair market value for the Home Equity Loans. The sum of all payments made
to and retained by the Servicer or any other servicer represents not more
than reasonable compensation for the services under the Agreement and
reimbursement of the servicer's reasonable expenses in connection
therewith.
(5) The Trustee must not be an affiliate of any member of the Restricted
Group as defined below.
In addition, it is a condition that the Plan investing in the Class A
Certificates be an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of
Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
The Exemption does not apply to Plans sponsored by the Sellers, the
Depositor, the Certificate Insurer, the Underwriters, the Trustee, the Servicer
or any Mortgagor with respect to Home Equity Loans included in the Trust
constituting more than 5% of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the
assets in the Trust or any affiliate of the parties (the "Restricted Group"). No
exemption is provided from the restrictions of ERISA for the acquisition or
holding of Class A Certificates on behalf of an "Excluded Plan" by any person
who is a fiduciary with respect to the assets of the Excluded Plan. For purposes
of the Class A Certificates, an Excluded Plan is a Plan sponsored by any member
of the Restricted Group. In addition, no Plan's investment in any class of
Class A Certificates may exceed 25% of all of the Certificates of the Class
outstanding at the time of the Plan's acquisition and after the Plan's
acquisition of the class of Class A Certificates, no more than 25% of the assets
over which
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<PAGE>
the fiduciary has investment authority may be invested in securities of a trust
containing assets which are sold or serviced by the same entity. Finally, in the
case of initial issuance (but not secondary market transactions), at least 50%
of each class of Class A Certificates, and at least 50% of the aggregate
interest in the Trust, must be acquired by persons independent of the Restricted
Group.
The Depositor believes that the Exemption will apply to the acquisition,
holding and resale of the Class A Certificates by a Plan and that all conditions
of the Exemption other than those within the control of the investors have been
or will be met.
WE REFER YOU TO "ERISA CONSIDERATIONS" IN THE PROSPECTUS FOR MORE DETAIL.
Before purchasing a Class A Certificate, a fiduciary of a Plan should itself
confirm (a) that the Class A Certificates constitute "certificates" for purposes
of the Exemption and (b) that the specific conditions set forth in the Exemption
and the other requirements set forth in the Exemption will be satisfied.
Any Plan fiduciary considering whether to purchase a Class A Certificate on
behalf of a Plan should consult with its counsel regarding the applicability of
the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and
the Code to the investment.
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Although, as a condition to their issuance, the Class A Certificates will be
rated in the highest rating category of the Rating Agencies, the Class A
Certificates will not constitute "mortgage related securities" for purposes of
the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984 ("SMMEA"). Accordingly,
many institutions with legal authority to invest in comparably rated securities
may not be legally authorized to invest in the Class A Certificates.
WE REFER YOU TO "LEGAL INVESTMENT" IN THE PROSPECTUS FOR MORE DETAIL.
UNDERWRITING
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement,
dated December 1, 1999 (the "Underwriting Agreement"), among the Depositor and
the Underwriters named below (the "Underwriters") the Depositor has agreed to
sell to the Underwriters and the Underwriters have agreed to purchase from the
Depositor the principal amount of the Class A Certificates set forth opposite
their respective names. The Class A Certificates will be offered by the
Underwriters when as and if issued and sold by the Depositor to the
Underwriters, subject to the Underwriters' right to reject any subscription, in
whole or in part.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT
OF CLASS A-1 OF CLASS A-2 OF CLASS A-3 OF CLASS A-4 OF CLASS A-5 OF CLASS A-6 OF CLASS A-7
UNDERWRITER CERTIFICATES CERTIFICATES CERTIFICATES CERTIFICATES CERTIFICATES CERTIFICATES CERTIFICATES
- ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Salomon Smith Barney
Inc................ $47,600,000 $14,000,000 $27,300,000 $21,000,000 $13,895,000 $13,755,000 $108,500,000
Banc of America
Securities LLC..... $20,400,000 $ 6,000,000 $11,700,000 $ 9,000,000 $ 5,955,000 $ 5,895,000 $ 0
</TABLE>
The Underwriters have informed the Depositor that they propose to offer the
Class A Certificates for sale from time to time in one or more negotiated
transactions, or otherwise, at varying prices to be determined, in each case, at
the time of the related sale. The Underwriters may effect the transactions by
selling the Class A Certificates to or through dealers, and the dealers may
receive compensation in the form of underwriting discounts, concessions or
commissions from the Underwriters. In connection with the sale of the Class A
Certificates, the Underwriters may be deemed to have received
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<PAGE>
compensation from the Depositor in the form of underwriting compensation. The
Underwriters and any dealers that participate with the Underwriters in the
distribution of the Class A Certificates may be deemed to be underwriters and
any commissions received by them and any profit on the resale of the Class A
Certificates by them may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act").
No Class A Certificate will have an established trading market when issued.
The Underwriters may, from time to time, act as a broker or purchase and sell
Class A Certificates in the secondary market, but the Underwriters are under no
obligation to do so and there can be no assurance that there will be a secondary
market for the Class A Certificates or liquidity in the secondary market if one
does develop.
From time to time the Underwriters or their affiliates may perform
investment banking and advisory services for, and may provide general financing
and banking services to, affiliates of the Depositor.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Depositor will indemnify the
Underwriters against described civil liabilities, including liabilities under
the Act.
EXPERTS
The consolidated balance sheets of MBIA Insurance Corporation and
Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997 and the related
consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998,
incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement have been incorporated
in this Prospectus Supplement in reliance on the report of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, given on the authority of
that firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters with respect to the Class A Certificates will be
passed upon for the Depositor, the Sellers and the Servicer by Stroock &
Stroock & Lavan LLP, New York, New York. Certain legal matters with respect to
the Class A Certificates will be passed upon for the Underwriters by Brown &
Wood LLP.
RATINGS
It is a condition to the issuance of the Class A Certificates that they
receive ratings of "AAA" by S&P and "Aaa" by Moody's.
A securities rating addresses the likelihood of the receipt by Class A
Certificateholders of distributions on the Home Equity Loans. The rating takes
into consideration the characteristics of the Home Equity Loans and the
structural, legal and tax aspects associated with the Class A Certificates. The
ratings on the Class A Certificates do not, however, constitute statements
regarding the likelihood or frequency of prepayments on the Home Equity Loans,
the likelihood of payment of any Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index
Carryover or the possibility that Class A Certificateholders might realize a
lower than anticipated yield.
The ratings assigned to the Class A Certificates will depend primarily upon
the creditworthiness of the Certificate Insurer. Any reduction in a rating
assigned to the financial strength of the Certificate Insurer below the ratings
initially assigned to the Class A Certificates may result in a reduction of one
or more of the ratings assigned to the Class A Certificates.
A securities rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities
and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating
organization. Each securities rating should be evaluated independently of
similar ratings on different securities.
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<PAGE>
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TERMS PAGE
- ----- --------
<S> <C>
2/28 Adjustable Rate Loans.................................. S-29
accredited investor......................................... S-74
Aggregate Class A Principal Balance......................... S-52
Agreement................................................... S-51
Appraised Values............................................ S-21
Authorized Rating Agencies.................................. S-74
Available Funds............................................. S-54
Available Funds Shortfall................................... S-54
Average Portfolio........................................... S-38
Balloon Loans............................................... S-41
Book-Entry Certificates..................................... S-52
Business Day................................................ S-54
Cap Agreement............................................... S-72
Carry-Forward Amount........................................ S-54
Cede........................................................ S-53
Cedel....................................................... S-52
CHEC........................................................ S-20
Certificate Account......................................... S-53
Certificate Insurer......................................... S-66
Certificate Insurer Default................................. S-54
Certificate Rate............................................ S-57
Certificate Register........................................ S-54
Certificate Registrar....................................... S-54
Certificateholder........................................... S-52
Certificateowners........................................... S-52
Certificates................................................ S-52
Citibank.................................................... S-53
Civil Relief Act Interest Shortfalls........................ S-56
Class A Distribution Amount................................. S-55
Class A Principal Distribution Amount....................... S-55
Class A-1 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-2 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-3 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-4 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-5 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-6 Calculation Percentage............................ S-55
Class A-6 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-6 Lockout Distribution Amount....................... S-56
Class A-6 Lockout Percentage................................ S-56
Class A-7 Available Funds Cap............................... S-60
Class A-7 Certificateholders' Interest Index Carryover...... S-60
Class A-7 Certificates...................................... S-52
Class A-7 Formula Rate...................................... S-59
Class A-7 Regular Interests................................. S-72
Class Principal Balance..................................... S-52
Class R Certificates........................................ S-52
Class X-IO Certificates..................................... S-52
Closing Date................................................ S-20
Code........................................................ S-71
Collateralization Deficit................................... S-63
</TABLE>
S-77
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TERMS PAGE
- ----- --------
<S> <C>
CPR......................................................... S-41
Current Interest............................................ S-56
Current WAC Excess.......................................... S-72
Cut-Off Date................................................ S-51
Deficiency Amount........................................... S-67
Definitive Certificate...................................... S-53
Depositary Services......................................... S-53
Depositor................................................... S-20
disqualified persons........................................ S-73
Distribution Date........................................... S-53
DOL......................................................... S-73
DTC......................................................... S-52
Due Period.................................................. S-56
equity interest............................................. S-73
ERISA....................................................... S-73
Euroclear................................................... S-52
European Depositaries....................................... S-53
Excluded Plan............................................... S-74
Exemption................................................... S-74
Expense Fee................................................. S-57
Extra Principal Distribution Amount......................... S-56
Final Scheduled Distribution Date........................... S-64
Fixed Rate Certificates..................................... S-52
Gross Losses................................................ S-38
Group I Certificates........................................ S-52
Group I Guaranteed Principal Amount......................... S-67
Group I Home Equity Loans................................... S-20
Group I Net WAC Cap......................................... S-60
Group II Certificates....................................... S-52
Group II Guaranteed Principal Amount........................ S-67
Group II Home Equity Loans.................................. S-20
Group II Net WAC Cap........................................ S-72
Home Equity Loan Group...................................... S-20
Home Equity Loans........................................... S-20
Industry.................................................... S-53
Insured Payment............................................. S-67
Interest Period............................................. S-60
LIBOR Determination Date.................................... S-61
Liquidated Loan............................................. S-63
London business day......................................... S-61
Maximum Rates............................................... S-29
Minimum Rates............................................... S-29
Minimum Spread.............................................. S-60
Monthly Remittance Date..................................... S-56
Moody's..................................................... S-60
Morgan...................................................... S-53
Mortgaged Properties........................................ S-20
Net Coupon Rate............................................. S-60
Net Losses.................................................. S-38
Net Monthly Excess Cashflow................................. S-56
Non-Offered Certificates.................................... S-52
Notes....................................................... S-20
</TABLE>
S-78
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TERMS PAGE
- ----- --------
<S> <C>
Offered Certificates........................................ S-52
One-Month LIBOR............................................. S-61
Original Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio....................... S-21
Overcollateralization Amount................................ S-56
Overcollateralization Release Amount........................ S-57
parties in interest......................................... S-73
Percentage Interest......................................... S-54
Plan........................................................ S-73
Policies.................................................... S-51
Preference Amount........................................... S-68
Premium Amount.............................................. S-57
Prepayment Assumption....................................... S-41
Prepayments................................................. S-39
prohibited transactions..................................... S-73
PTE......................................................... S-74
Rating Agencies............................................. S-60
Realized Loss............................................... S-63
Record Date................................................. S-54
Recoveries.................................................. S-38
Reference Banks............................................. S-61
Regular Certificates........................................ S-71
Regulation.................................................. S-73
Relevant Depositary......................................... S-53
REMIC Regular Certificates.................................. S-71
REMIC Residual Certificates................................. S-71
REMICs...................................................... S-10
Residual Certificates....................................... S-71
Restricted Group............................................ S-74
S&P......................................................... S-60
Securities Act.............................................. S-76
Sellers..................................................... S-20
Servicer.................................................... S-51
Servicing Fee............................................... S-64
Six-Month Adjustable Rate Loans............................. S-29
SMMEA....................................................... S-75
Statistical Calculation Date................................ S-20
Statistical Calculation Date Loan Balance................... S-20
Structuring Assumptions..................................... S-42
Supplemental Interest Reserve Fund.......................... S-72
Supplemental Interest Reserve Fund Deposit.................. S-72
Systems..................................................... S-53
Target Deficiency........................................... S-57
Target Overcollateralization Amount......................... S-57
Telerate Page 3750.......................................... S-61
Total Available Funds....................................... S-68
Transition Expenses......................................... S-57
Trust....................................................... S-20
Trust Estate................................................ S-51
Trustee..................................................... S-51
Trustee Fee................................................. S-64
Underwriters................................................ S-75
Underwriting Agreement...................................... S-75
</TABLE>
S-79
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TERMS PAGE
- ----- --------
<S> <C>
Variable Rate Certificates.................................. S-52
weighted average life....................................... S-41
Y2K......................................................... S-69
</TABLE>
S-80
<PAGE>
ANNEX I
GLOBAL CLEARANCE, SETTLEMENT AND TAX DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES
Except under limited circumstances, the globally offered Centex Home Equity
Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series 1999-4 (the "Global Securities") will be
available only in book-entry form. Investors in the Global Securities may hold
the Global Securities through any of DTC, Cedel or Euroclear. The Global
Securities will be tradeable as home market instruments in both the European and
U.S. domestic markets. Initial settlement and all secondary trades will settle
in same-day funds.
Secondary market trading between investors holding Global Securities through
Cedel and Euroclear will be conducted in the ordinary way in accordance with
their normal rules and operating procedures and in accordance with conventional
eurobond practice (i.e., seven calendar day settlement).
Secondary market trading between investors holding Global Securities through
DTC will be conducted according to the rules and procedures applicable to U.S.
corporate debt obligations and prior Home Equity Loan Asset-Backed Certificates
issues.
Secondary cross-market trading between Cedel or Euroclear and DTC
Participants holding Certificates will be effected on a delivery-against-payment
basis through the respective Depositaries of Cedel and Euroclear and as DTC
Participants.
Non-U.S. holders (as described below) of Global Securities will be subject
to U.S. withholding taxes unless the holders meet established requirements and
deliver appropriate U.S. tax documents to the securities clearing organizations
or their participants.
INITIAL SETTLEMENT
All Global Securities will be held in book-entry form by DTC in the name of
Cede & Co. as nominee of DTC. Investors' interests in the Global Securities will
be represented through financial institutions acting on their behalf as direct
and indirect Participants in DTC. As a result, Cedel and Euroclear will hold
positions on behalf of their participants through their respective Depositaries,
which in turn will hold the positions in accounts as DTC Participants.
Investors electing to hold their Global Securities through DTC will follow
the settlement practices applicable to prior Home Equity Loan Asset-Backed
Certificates issues. Investor securities custody accounts will be credited with
their holdings against payment in same-day funds on the settlement date.
Investors electing to hold their Global Securities through Cedel or
Euroclear accounts will follow the settlement procedures applicable to
conventional eurobonds, except that there will be no temporary global security
and no "lock-up" or restricted period. Global Securities will be credited to the
securities custody accounts on the settlement date against payment in same-day
funds.
SECONDARY MARKET TRADING
Since the purchaser determines the place of delivery, it is important to
establish at the time of the trade where both the purchaser's and sellers'
accounts are located to ensure that settlement can be made on the desired value
date.
Trading between DTC Participants. Secondary market trading between DTC
Participants will be settled using the procedures applicable to prior Home
Equity Loan Asset-Backed Certificates issues in same-day funds.
Trading between Cedel and/or Euroclear Participants. Secondary market
trading between Cedel Participants or Euroclear Participants will be settled
using the procedures applicable to conventional eurobonds in same-day funds.
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<PAGE>
Trading between DTC Seller and Cedel or Euroclear Purchaser. When Global
Securities are to be transferred from the account of a DTC Participant to the
account of a Cedel Participant or a Euroclear Participant, the purchaser will
send instructions to Cedel or Euroclear through a Cedel Participant or Euroclear
Participant at least one business day prior to settlement. Cedel or Euroclear
will instruct the respective Depositary, as the case may be, to receive the
Global Securities against payment. Payment will include interest accrued on the
Global Securities from and including the last coupon payment date to and
excluding the settlement date, on the basis of either the actual number of days
in the accrual period and a year assumed to consist of 360 days or a 360-day
year of 12 30-day months as applicable to the related class of Global
Securities. For transactions settling on the 31st of the month, payment will
include interest accrued to and excluding the first day of the following month.
Payment will then be made by the respective Depositary of the DTC Participant's
account against delivery of the Global Securities. After settlement has been
completed, the Global Securities will be credited to the respective clearing
system and by the clearing system, in accordance with its usual procedures, to
the Cedel Participant's or Euroclear Participant's account. The securities
credit will appear the next day (European time) and the cash debt will be
back-valued to, and the interest on the Global Securities will accrue from, the
value date (which would be the preceding day when settlement occurred in New
York). If settlement is not completed on the intended value date (i.e., the
trade fails), the Cedel or Euroclear cash debt will be valued instead as of the
actual settlement date.
Cedel Participants and Euroclear Participants will need to make available to
the respective clearing systems the funds necessary to process same-day funds
settlement. The most direct means of doing so is to preposition funds for
settlement, either from cash on hand or existing lines of credit, as they would
for any settlement occurring within Cedel or Euroclear. Under this approach,
they may take on credit exposure to Cedel or Euroclear until the Global
Securities are credited to their accounts one day later.
As an alternative, if Cedel or Euroclear has extended a line of credit to
them, Cedel Participants or Euroclear Participants can elect not to preposition
funds and allow that credit line to be drawn upon the finance settlement. Under
this procedure, Cedel Participants or Euroclear Participants purchasing Global
Securities would incur overdraft charges for one day, assuming they cleared the
overdraft when the Global Securities were credited to their accounts. However,
interest on the Global Securities would accrue from the value date. Therefore,
in many cases the investment income on the Global Securities earned during that
one-day period may substantially reduce or offset the amount of the overdraft
charges, although this result will depend on each Cedel Participant's or
Euroclear Participant's particular cost of funds.
Since the settlement is taking place during New York business hours, DTC
Participants can employ their usual procedures for sending Global Securities to
the respective European Depositary for the benefit of Cedel Participants or
Euroclear Participants. The sale proceeds will be available to the DTC Seller on
the settlement date. Thus, to the DTC Participants a cross-market transaction
will settle no differently than a trade between two DTC Participants.
Trading between Cedel or Euroclear Seller and DTC Purchaser. Due to time
zone differences in their favor, Cedel Participants and Euroclear Participants
may employ their customary procedures for transactions in which Global
Securities are to be transferred by the respective clearing system, through the
respective Depositary, to a DTC Participant. The seller will send instructions
to Cedel or Euroclear through a Cedel Participant or Euroclear Participant at
least one business day prior to settlement. In these cases Cedel or Euroclear
will instruct the respective Depositary, as appropriate, to deliver the Global
Securities to the DTC Participant's account against payment. Payment will
include interest accrued on the Global Securities from and including the last
coupon payment to and excluding the settlement date on the basis of either the
actual number of days in the accrual period and a year assumed to consist of
360 days or a 360-day year of 12 30-day months as applicable to the related
class of Global Securities. For transactions settling on the 31st of the month,
payment will include interest accrued to and excluding the first day of the
following month. The payment will then be reflected in
I-2
<PAGE>
the account of the Cedel Participant or Euroclear Participant the following day,
and receipt of the cash proceeds in the Cedel Participant's or Euroclear
Participant's account would be back-valued to the value date (which would be the
preceding day, when settlement occurred in New York). Should the Cedel
Participant or Euroclear Participant have a line of credit with its respective
clearing system and elect to be in debt in anticipation of receipt of the sale
proceeds in its account, the back-valuation will extinguish any overdraft
incurred over that one-day period. If settlement is not completed on the
intended value date (i.e., the trade fails), receipt of the cash proceeds in the
Cedel Participant's or Euroclear Participant's account would instead be valued
as of the actual settlement date.
Finally, day traders that use Cedel or Euroclear and that purchase Global
Securities from DTC Participants for delivery to Cedel Participants or Euroclear
Participants should note that these trades would automatically fail on the sale
side unless affirmative action were taken. At least three techniques should be
readily available to eliminate this potential problem:
(a) borrowing through Cedel or Euroclear for one day (until the purchase
side of the day trade is reflected in their Cedel or Euroclear accounts) in
accordance with the clearing system's customary procedures;
(b) borrowing the Global Securities in the U.S. from a DTC Participant
no later than one day prior to settlement, which would give the Global
Securities sufficient time to be reflected in their Cedel or Euroclear
account in order to settle the sale side of the trade; or
(c) staggering the value dates for the buy and sell sides of the trade
so that the value date for the purchase from the DTC Participant is at least
one day prior to the value date for the sale to the Cedel Participant or
Euroclear Participant.
CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
A beneficial owner of Global Securities holding securities through Cedel or
Euroclear (or through DTC if the holder has an address outside the U.S.) will be
subject to the 30% U.S. withholding tax that generally applies to payments of
interest (including original issue discount) on registered debt issued by U.S.
Persons (as defined below), unless (1) each clearing system, bank or other
financial institution that holds customers' securities in the ordinary course of
its trade or business in the chain of intermediaries between the beneficial
owner and the U.S. entity required to withhold tax complies with applicable
certification requirements and (2) the beneficial owner takes one of the
following steps to obtain an exemption or reduced tax rate:
Exemption for non-U.S. Persons (as defined below) (Form W-8). Beneficial
owners of Global Securities that are non-U.S. Persons can obtain a complete
exemption from the withholding tax by filing a signed Form W-8 (Certificate of
Foreign Status). If the information shown on Form W-8 changes, a new Form W-8
must be filed within 30 days of the change.
Exemption for non-U.S. Persons with effectively connected income
(Form 4224). A non-U.S. Person, including a non-U.S. corporation or bank with a
U.S. branch, for which the interest income is effectively connected with its
conduct of a trade or business in the United States, can obtain an exemption
from the withholding tax by filing Form 4224 (Exemption from Withholding of Tax
on Income Effectively Connected with the Conduct of a Trade or Business in the
United States).
Exemption or reduced rate for non-U.S. Persons resident in treaty countries
(Form 1001). Non-U.S. Persons that are Certificate Owners residing in a country
that has a tax treaty with the United States can obtain an exemption or reduced
tax rate (depending on the treaty terms) by filing Form 1001 (Ownership,
Exemption or Reduced Rate Certificate). If the treaty provides only for a
reduced rate, withholding tax will be imposed at that rate unless the filer
alternatively files Form W-8. Form 1001 may be filed by the Certificate Owners
or his agent.
I-3
<PAGE>
Exemption for U.S. Persons (Form W-9). U.S. Persons can obtain a complete
exemption from the withholding tax by filing Form W-9 (Payer's Request for
Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification).
U.S. Federal Income Tax Reporting Procedure. The Certificate Owner of a
Global Security or, in the case of a Form 1001 or a Form 4224 filer, his agent,
files by submitting the appropriate form to the person through whom it holds
(the clearing agency, in the case of persons holding directly on the books of
the clearing agency). Form W-8 and Form 1001 are effective for three calendar
years and Form 4224 is effective for one calendar year.
The term "U.S. Person" means
(1) a citizen or resident of the United States,
(2) a corporation or partnership organized in or under the laws of the
United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia (other than a
partnership that is not treated as a United States person under any
applicable Treasury regulations),
(3) an estate the income of which is includible in gross income for
United States tax purposes, regardless of its source, or
(4) a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise
primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more
United States persons have authority to control all substantial decisions of
the trust.
Notwithstanding clause (4), to the extent provided in the regulations, some
trusts in existence on August 20, 1996, and treated as United States persons
prior to the date, that elect to continue to be treated as United States persons
shall also be a U.S. Person. Entities not considered U.S. Persons shall be
considered non-U.S. Persons.
This summary does not deal with all aspects of U.S. Federal income tax
withholding that may be relevant to foreign holders of the Global Securities or
with the application of Treasury regulations relating to tax documentation
requirements that are generally effective with respect to payments made after
December 31, 1999. Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors for
specific tax advice concerning their holding and disposing of the Global
Securities.
I-4
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
ASSET-BACKED CERTIFICATES
ASSET-BACKED NOTES
(ISSUABLE IN SERIES)
--------------------------
CHEC ASSET RECEIVABLE CORPORATION
(DEPOSITOR)
CENTEX CREDIT CORPORATION
D/B/A
CENTEX HOME EQUITY CORPORATION
(ORIGINATOR, SELLER AND SERVICER)
------------------------
The Asset-Backed Certificates (the "Certificates") and the Asset-Backed
Notes (the "Notes" and, collectively with the Certificates, the "Securities")
described herein may be sold from time to time in one or more series (each, a
"Series") in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of
sale and to be set forth in a supplement to this Prospectus (a "Prospectus
Supplement"). Each series (each a "Series") of Securities will include either
one or more classes of Certificates or, if Notes are issued as part of a Series,
one or more Classes of Notes and one or more Classes of Certificates, as set
forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. Certain capitalized terms used
herein are defined in "INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS" beginning on page 83.
For a discussion of significant matters affecting investment in the
Securities, see "Risk Factors" beginning on page 15 in the Prospectus. The
Certificates of a Series will evidence undivided interests in certain assets
deposited into a trust (each, a "Trust Fund") by CHEC Asset Receivable
Corporation (the "Depositor") pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing Agreement or a
Trust Agreement, as described herein. The Notes of a Series will be issued and
secured pursuant to an Indenture and will represent indebtedness of the related
Trust Fund. The Trust Fund for a Series of Securities will include (a) Home
Equity Loans, which may include one or more pools of closed-end home equity
loans (the "Home Equity Loans"), secured by first or second mortgages on one- to
four-family residential or mixed use properties, (b) certain monies received or
due thereunder on or after the date specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement (the "Cut-off Date") net of certain amounts payable to Centex Credit
Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation, as servicer (the "Servicer" or
in its capacity as seller, the "Seller") of the Home Equity Loans, (c) if
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, funds on deposit in one or more
pre-funding accounts and/or capitalized interest accounts and (d) reserve funds,
letters of credit, surety bonds, insurance policies or other forms of credit
support as described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. Amounts on
deposit in a pre-funding account for any Series will be used to purchase
additional Home Equity Loans during the funding period specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement in the manner specified therein. The amount initially
deposited in a pre-funding account for a Series of Securities will not exceed
fifty percent of the aggregate principal amount of such Series of Securities. If
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC, a
limited purpose entity and an affiliate of Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a
Centex Home Equity Corporation may also be a Seller. If so specified in the
Prospectus Supplement, the term Seller throughout this Prospectus should be
deemed to include CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC.
Each Series of Securities will be issued in one or more classes (each, a
"Class"). Interest on and principal of the Securities of a Series will be
payable on the date or dates specified in the related Prospectus Supplement
(each, a "Distribution Date"), at the times, at the rates, in the amounts and in
the order of priority set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
If a Series includes multiple Classes, such Classes may vary with respect to
the amount, percentage (which may be 0%) and timing of distributions of
principal, interest or both and one or more Classes may be subordinated to other
Classes with respect to distributions of principal, interest or both as
described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Home Equity Loans
and other assets comprising the Trust Fund may be divided into one or more Asset
Groups and each Class of the related Series will evidence beneficial ownership
of the corresponding Asset Group, as applicable.
The Seller, the Servicer, or such other entity that is specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, may, at its option, cause an early termination of
one or more Classes of Securities by purchasing all or part of the Home Equity
Loans remaining in the Trust Fund on or after a specified date, or on or after
such time as the aggregate principal balance of the Securities of the Series or
the Home Equity Loans relating to such Series, as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, is less than the amount or percentage, not more than 25%,
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
WE REFER YOU TO "DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES--OPTIONAL REDEMPTION,
PURCHASE OR TERMINATION" FOR MORE DETAIL.
The rate of reduction of the aggregate principal balance of each Class of a
Series may depend principally upon the rate of payment (including prepayments)
with respect to the Home Equity Loans. A rate of prepayment lower or higher than
anticipated will affect the yield on the Securities of a Series in the manner
described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement. Under certain limited
circumstances described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
Series of Securities may be subject to termination or redemption.
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more elections may
be made to treat certain assets comprising the Trust Fund for a Series as a
"real estate mortgage investment conduit" (a "REMIC") for federal income tax
purposes.
WE REFER YOU TO "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
There currently is no secondary market for the Securities. There can be no
assurance that any such market will develop or, if it does develop, that it will
continue.
See "RISK FACTORS" beginning on page 15 for material risks to be considered
in purchasing the Securities.
NOTES OF A GIVEN SERIES REPRESENT OBLIGATIONS OF, AND CERTIFICATES OF A SERIES
EVIDENCE BENEFICIAL INTERESTS IN, THE RELATED TRUST FUND ONLY AND ARE NOT
GUARANTEED BY ANY GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY OR BY THE DEPOSITOR, THE TRUSTEE,
THE SERVICER, THE SELLER OR BY ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE AFFILIATES.
THE ONLY OBLIGATIONS OF THE SELLER OR THE DEPOSITOR WITH RESPECT
TO ANY SERIES OF SECURITIES WILL BE PURSUANT TO CERTAIN
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THE RELATED
AGREEMENT AS DESCRIBED HEREIN OR IN THE RELATED
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION
PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR THE
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY
IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
Retain this Prospectus for future reference. This Prospectus may not be used
to consummate sales of securities offered hereby unless accompanied by a
Prospectus Supplement.
THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS IS DECEMBER 1, 1999.
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
The Prospectus Supplement relating to a Series of Securities to be offered
hereunder will, among other things, set forth with respect to such Series of
Securities: (i) the aggregate principal amount, interest rate, and authorized
denominations of each Class of such Securities; (ii) certain information
concerning the Home Equity Loans; (iii) the terms of any Enhancement (as defined
herein) with respect to such Series; (iv) the terms of any insurance related to
the Home Equity Loans; (v) information concerning any other assets in the
related Trust Fund, including any Reserve Fund; (vi) the Final Scheduled
Distribution Date (as defined herein) of each Class of such Securities;
(vii) the method to be used to calculate the amount of interest and principal
required to be applied to the Securities of each Class of such Series on each
Distribution Date, the timing of the application of interest and principal and
the order of priority of the application of such interest and principal to the
respective Classes and the allocation of interest and principal to be so
applied; (viii) the Distribution Dates and any Assumed Reinvestment Rate (as
defined herein); (ix) the amount, if any, deposited in the Pre-Funding Account
(as defined herein) available to purchase additional Home Equity Loans, the
length of the Pre-Funding Period (as defined herein) and the criteria for
determining which additional Home Equity Loans may become part of the Trust
Fund; (x) additional information with respect to the plan of distribution of
such Securities; and (xi) whether one or more REMIC elections will be made with
respect to some or all of the Trust Fund for such Series and if so, the
designation of the Securities offered hereunder as regular interests or residual
interests in a REMIC.
REPORTS TO HOLDERS
Periodic and annual reports concerning the related Trust Fund for a
Series of Securities are required under the related Agreements to be forwarded
to Holders. Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
such reports will not be examined and reported on by an independent public
accountant. If so specified in the Prospectus Supplement for a Series of
Securities, such Series or one or more Classes of such Series will be issued in
book-entry form. In such event, (i) owners of beneficial interests in such
Securities will not be considered "Holders" under the Agreements and will not
receive such reports directly from the related Trust Fund; rather, such reports
will be furnished to such owners through the participants and indirect
participants of the applicable book-entry system and (ii) references herein to
the rights of "Holders" shall refer to the rights of such owners as they may be
exercised indirectly through such participants.
WE REFER YOU TO "THE AGREEMENTS--REPORTS TO HOLDERS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Seller has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, with respect to the Securities. This Prospectus, which forms a part of
the Registration Statement, and the Prospectus Supplement relating to each
Series of Securities contain summaries of the material terms of the documents
referred to herein and therein, but do not contain all of the information set
forth in the Registration Statement pursuant to the Rules and Regulations of the
Commission. For further information, reference is made to such Registration
Statement and the exhibits thereto. Such Registration Statement and exhibits can
be inspected and copied at prescribed rates at the public reference facilities
maintained by the Commission at its Public Reference Section, 450 Fifth Street,
N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at its Regional Office located as follows,
Midwest Regional Office, 500 West Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60661; and
Northeast Regional Office, Seven World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048.
The Commission maintains an Internet Web site that contains reports, proxy and
information statements and other information regarding the registrants that file
electronically with the Commission, including the Seller. The address of such
Internet Web site is (http://www.sec.gov).
2
<PAGE>
Each Trust Fund will be required to file certain reports with the Commission
pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the "Exchange Act"). The Depositor and the Seller intend to cause each Trust
Fund to suspend filing such reports if and when such reports are no longer
required under the Exchange Act.
No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any
representation other than those contained in this Prospectus and any Prospectus
Supplement with respect hereto and, if given or made, such information or
representations must not be relied upon. This Prospectus and any Prospectus
Supplement with respect hereto do not constitute an offer to sell or a
solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the Securities offered
hereby and thereby nor an offer of the Securities to any person in any state or
other jurisdiction in which such offer would be unlawful. The delivery of this
Prospectus at any time does not imply that information herein is correct as of
any time subsequent to its date.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
All documents subsequently filed by or on behalf of the Trust Fund referred
to in the accompanying Prospectus Supplement with the Commission pursuant to
Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after the date of this
Prospectus and prior to the termination of any offering of the Securities issued
by such Trust Fund shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this
Prospectus and to be a part of this Prospectus from the date of the filing of
such documents. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to
be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded
for all purposes of this Prospectus to the extent that a statement contained
herein (or in the accompanying Prospectus Supplement) or in any other
subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by
reference modifies or replaces such statement. Any such statement so modified or
superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to
constitute a part of this Prospectus.
The Seller on behalf of any Trust Fund will provide without charge to each
person to whom this Prospectus is delivered, on the written or oral request of
such person, a copy of any or all of the documents referred to above that have
been or may be incorporated by reference in this Prospectus (not including
exhibits to the information that is incorporated by reference unless such
exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference into the information that
this Prospectus incorporates).
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SUMMARY OF TERMS
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
detailed information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus and by reference to
the information with respect to each Series of Securities contained in the
Prospectus Supplement to be prepared and delivered in connection with the
offering of Securities of such Series. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise
defined herein or in the related Prospectus Supplement shall have the meanings
set forth in the "INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS" beginning on page 83.
SECURITIES OFFERED
Asset-Backed Certificates (the "Certificates") and Asset-Backed Notes (the
"Notes"). Certificates are issuable from time to time in Series pursuant to a
Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Trust Agreement. Each Certificate of a Series
will evidence an interest in the Trust Fund for such Series, or in an Asset
Group specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Notes are issuable from
time to time in a Series pursuant to an Indenture. Each Series of Securities
will consist of one or more Classes, one or more of which may be Classes of
Compound Interest Securities, Planned Amortization Class ("PAC") Securities,
Variable Interest Securities, Zero Coupon Securities, Principal Only Securities,
Interest Only Securities, Senior Securities or Subordinate Securities (each of
which is generally described in the "INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS"). Each Class may
differ in, among other things, the amounts allocated to and the priority of
principal and interest payments, Final Scheduled Distribution Dates,
Distribution Dates and interest rates. The Securities of each Class will be
issued in fully registered form in the denominations specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Securities or certain Classes of such Securities offered thereby may be
available in book-entry form only. The related Prospectus Supplement will set
forth whether there will be an application to list any Class of Securities on an
exchange or to quote the securities in the automated quotation system of a
registered securities association.
ISSUER
The Trust Fund created pursuant to the applicable Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or Trust Agreement, as applicable.
DEPOSITOR
CHEC Asset Receivable Corporation, a Nevada corporation, with its principal
executive offices located at 2728 N. Harwood Street, Dallas, Texas 75201 and a
telephone number of (214) 981-5000.
WE REFER YOU TO "THE DEPOSITOR" FOR MORE DETAIL.
ORIGINATOR, SERVICER AND SELLER
Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity Corporation (in its capacity
as seller of the Home Equity Loans, the "Originator," "Seller" and in its
capacity as servicer of the Home Equity Loans, the "Servicer," a Nevada
corporation with its principal executive offices located at 2728 N. Harwood
Street, Dallas Texas 75201 and a telephone number of (214) 981-5000.
If specified in the Prospectus Supplement, CHEC Conduit Funding, LLC, a limited
purpose entity and affiliate of Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home
Equity Corporation, may also be a Seller.
WE REFER YOU TO "SELLER AND SERVICER" FOR MORE DETAIL.
INTEREST PAYMENTS
Interest payments on the Securities of a Series entitled by their terms to
receive interest will be made on each Distribution Date, to the extent set forth
in, and at the applicable rate specified in (or determined in the manner set
forth in), the related Prospectus Supplement. The interest rate on Securities of
a Series may be variable or change with changes in the rates of interest on the
related Home Equity Loans and/or as prepayments occur with respect to such Home
Equity Loans. Interest Only Securities may be assigned a "Notional Amount" which
is used solely for convenience in
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expressing the calculation of interest and for certain other purposes and does
not represent the right to receive any distributions allocable to principal.
Principal Only Securities may not be entitled to receive any interest payments
or may be entitled to receive only nominal interest payments. Interest payable
on the Securities of a Series on a Distribution Date will include all interest
accrued during the period specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
WE REFER YOU TO "DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES--PAYMENTS OF INTEREST" FOR MORE
DETAIL.
PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS
All payments of principal of a Series of Securities will be made in an aggregate
amount determined as set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement and will be
paid at the times and will be allocated among the Classes of such Series in the
order and amounts, and will be applied either on a pro rata or a random lot
basis among all Securities of any such Class, all as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
FINAL SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTION DATE OF THE SECURITIES
The Final Scheduled Distribution Date with respect to each Class of Notes is the
date no later than the date on which principal thereof will be fully paid and
with respect to each Class of Certificates is the date after which no
Certificates of such Class are expected to remain outstanding, in each case
calculated on the basis of the assumptions applicable to such Series described
in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Final Scheduled Distribution Date of a
Class may equal the maturity date of the Home Equity Loan in the related Trust
Fund which has the latest stated maturity or will be determined as described
herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
The actual final Distribution Date of the Securities of a Series will depend
primarily upon the rate of payment (including prepayments, liquidations due to
default, the receipt of proceeds from casualty insurance policies and
repurchases) of the Home Equity Loans in the related Trust Fund. In general, the
actual final Distribution Date of any Security is likely to occur earlier and
may occur substantially earlier or, with respect to a Class of Certificates, may
occur later than its Final Scheduled Distribution Date as a result of the
application of prepayments to the reduction of the principal balances of the
Securities and as a result of defaults on the Home Equity Loans. The rate of
payments on the Home Equity Loans, in the Trust Fund for a Series will depend on
a variety of factors, including certain characteristics of such Home Equity
Loans and the prevailing level of interest rates from time to time, economic,
demographic, tax and legal factors and servicing decisions. No assurance can be
given as to the actual prepayment experience with respect to a Series.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS--YIELD MAY VARY" AND "DESCRIPTION OF THE
SECURITIES--WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIFE OF THE SECURITIES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
OPTIONAL TERMINATION
At its option, the Servicer (or, if so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Enhancer, if any, if the Servicer fails to exercise such option)
may effect an optional termination of the Trust (which may also be referred to
as a "clean-up call") to the extent specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement either (1) on any Distribution Date that the aggregate outstanding
principal balance of the Securities is 10% or less than the initial aggregate
outstanding principal balance of such Securities or (2) on any Monthly
Remittance Date when the aggregate outstanding loan balance of the Home Equity
Loans is 10% or less than the sum of the loan balances of all the Home Equity
Loans in the Trust as of the date such Home Equity Loans were transferred to the
Trust. The Servicer may effect an optional termination of the Trust by
purchasing from the Trust Fund all (but not fewer than all) remaining Home
Equity Loans, in whole only, and other property acquired by foreclosure, deed in
lieu of foreclosure, or otherwise then constituting the Trust Fund, and pay to
the Holders the portion of the purchase price allocable to each such class of
Securities, which will equal an amount up to the sum of (i) 100% of the then
outstanding principal
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balance of the related Securities thereof, plus (ii) one month's interest on the
then outstanding principal balance of the related Securities thereof at the then
applicable Pass-Through Rate for such class, plus any previously accrued but
unpaid interest thereon, such sum payable in accordance with the priorities
described under "DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES--Distributions" in the related
Prospectus Supplement and thereby effect early retirement of the Securities.
SECURITIES INVOLVE RISKS
An investment in the Securities of any Series involves material risks and should
only be considered by investors which, either alone or together with their
investment advisors, have the ability to understand such risks.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 15 HEREIN FOR MORE DETAIL.
THE TRUST FUND
The Trust Fund for a Series of Securities will consist of one or more of the
assets described below, as described in the related Prospectus Supplement.
HOME EQUITY LOANS
The Home Equity Loans for a Series may consist of any combination of the
following assets, to the extent and as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
A. HOME EQUITY LOANS
Home Equity Loans for a Series will consist, in whole or in part, of
"closed-end" home equity loans secured by first or second mortgages (the "Home
Equity Loans"). The Home Equity Loans may, as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, have various payment characteristics, including balloon
or other irregular payment features, and may accrue interest at a fixed rate or
an adjustable rate. Some Home Equity Loans may be delinquent or non-performing
as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Home Equity Loans will be
originated by the Seller, an affiliate of the Seller or a broker for
simultaneous assignment to the Seller in the ordinary course of their business.
The Home Equity Loans will be nonconventional loans. Additional Home Equity
Loans may be periodically added to the Trust Fund, or may be removed from time
to time if certain asset tests are met, all as described herein under "THE TRUST
FUNDS" and in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Home Equity Loans will be
secured by mortgages or deeds of trust or other similar security instruments
creating a lien on a Mortgaged Property, which may be subordinated to one or
more senior liens on such Mortgaged Property, as described herein under "THE
TRUST FUNDS" and in the related Prospectus Supplement. The related Prospectus
Supplement will describe certain characteristics of the Home Equity Loans for a
Series, including, without limitation, and to the extent relevant: (a) the
aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Home Equity Loans; (b) the range and
weighted average Home Equity Loan Rate on the Home Equity Loans and in the case
of adjustable rate Home Equity Loans, the range and weighted average of the
Current Home Equity Loan Rates and the Lifetime Rate Caps, if any; (c) the range
and the average outstanding principal balance of the Home Equity Loans; (d) the
weighted average original and remaining term-to-stated maturity of the Home
Equity Loans and the range of original and remaining terms-to-stated maturity,
if applicable; (e) the range of Combined Loan-to- Value Ratios of the Home
Equity Loans, computed in the manner described in the related Prospectus
Supplement; (f) the percentage (by principal balance as of the Cut-off Date) of
Home Equity Loans that accrue interest at adjustable or fixed interest rates;
(g) any enhancement relating to the Home Equity Loans; (h) the geographic
distribution of the Mortgaged Properties securing the Home Equity Loans;
(i) the use and type of each Mortgaged Property securing a Home Equity Loan;
(j) the lien priority of the Home Equity Loans; and (k) the delinquency status
and year of origination of the Home Equity Loans.
B. COLLECTION, CERTIFICATE AND DISTRIBUTION ACCOUNTS
All payments on or with respect to the Home Equity Loans for a Series, net of
amounts permitted to be retained by the Servicer pursuant to the Agreement, will
be remitted by
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the Servicer directly to an account (the "Collection Account" or the
"Certificate Account") to be established for such Series. The Trustee will be
required to apply a portion of the amount in the Collection Account or the
Certificate Account, to the payment of certain amounts payable to the Servicer
under the related Agreement and any other person specified in the Prospectus
Supplement, and to deposit a portion of the amount in the Collection Account
into one or more separate accounts (each, a "Distribution Account") to be
established for such Series, each in the manner and at the times established in
the related Prospectus Supplement. All amounts deposited in such Distribution
Account (or, if there is no Distribution Account, amounts remaining in the
Certificate Account) will be available for (i) application to the payment of
principal of and interest on such Series of Securities (or such Class or Classes
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement) on the next Distribution Date,
(ii) the making of adequate provision for future payments on certain Classes of
Securities and (iii) any other purpose specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. After applying the funds in the Collection Account or the
Certificate Account as described above, any funds remaining in such Accounts may
be paid over to the Servicer, the Seller, any provider of Enhancement with
respect to such Series (an "Enhancer") or any other person entitled thereto in
the manner and at the times established in the related Prospectus Supplement.
C. PRE-FUNDING AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST ACCOUNTS
A Trust Fund may include one or more segregated trust accounts (each, a
"Pre-Funding Account") for the related Series. On the closing date for such a
Series, a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the Securities of such
Series (such amount, the "Pre-Funded Amount") will be deposited in the
Pre-Funding Account and may be used to purchase additional Home Equity Loans
during the period of time, not to exceed six months, specified in the Agreement
and described in the related Prospectus Supplement (the "Pre-Funding Period").
The Home Equity Loans to be so purchased will be required to have certain
characteristics specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. If any Pre-
Funded Amount remains on deposit in the Pre-Funding Account at the end of the
Pre-Funding Period, such amount will be applied in the manner specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement to prepay the Classes of Notes and/or the
Certificates of the applicable Series specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The amount initially deposited in a Pre-Funding Account for a
Series of Securities will not exceed fifty percent of the aggregate principal
amount of such Series of Securities. If a Pre-Funding Account is established,
one or more segregated trust accounts (each, a "Capitalized Interest Account")
may be established for the related Series. On the closing date for such Series,
a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the Securities of such Series may be
deposited in the Capitalized Interest Account and used to fund the excess, if
any, of (x) the sum of (i) the amount of interest accrued on the Classes of
Securities of such Series specified in the related Prospectus Supplement and
(ii) if specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, certain fees or expenses
during the Pre-Funding Period such as Trustee fees and credit enhancement fees,
over (y) the amount of interest available therefor from the Home Equity Loans in
the Trust Fund. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, amounts on
deposit in the Capitalized Interest Account may be released to the Seller prior
to the end of the Pre-Funding Period subject to the satisfaction of certain
tests specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Any amounts on deposit in
the Capitalized Interest Account at the end of the Pre-Funding Period that are
not necessary for such purposes will be distributed to the person specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement.
SPECIAL PAYMENT FEATURES
A portion of the aggregate principal balance of the Home Equity Loans at any
time may be "balloon loans" that provide for the payment of the unamortized
principal balance of such Home Equity Loan in a single payment at maturity
("Balloon Loans"). Such Balloon Loans provide for equal monthly payments,
consisting of principal and interest, generally based on a 30-year amortization
schedule, and a single
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payment of the remaining balance of the Balloon Loan generally 5, 7, 10, or
15 years after origination.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS--RISK OF HIGHER DEFAULT RATES FOR HOME EQUITY
LOANS WITH BALLOON LOANS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
REVOLVING PERIOD AND AMORTIZATION PERIOD; RETAINED INTEREST
If the related Prospectus Supplement so provides, there may be a period
commencing on the date of issuance of a Class or Classes of Notes and/or
Certificates of a Series and ending on the date set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement (each, a "Revolving Period") during which limited or no
principal payments will be made to one or more Classes of Notes and/or
Certificates of the related Series as are identified in such Prospectus
Supplement. Some or all collections of principal otherwise allocated to such
Classes of Notes or Certificates may be (i) utilized during the Revolving Period
to acquire additional Home Equity Loans which satisfy the criteria described
under "THE TRUST FUNDS" and the criteria set forth in the Agreement and
described in the related Prospectus Supplement, (ii) held in an account and
invested in Eligible Investments for later distribution to Securityholders,
(iii) applied to those Notes or Certificates for such Series, if any, specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement as then are in amortization, or
(iv) otherwise applied to another Series if specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
An "Amortization Period" is the period during which an amount of principal is
payable to Holders of Securities which, during the Revolving Period, were not
otherwise entitled to such payments. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, during an Amortization Period all or a portion of principal
collections on the Home Equity Loans may be applied as specified above for a
Revolving Period and, to the extent not so applied, will be distributed to the
Classes of Notes and/or Certificates for such Series specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement as then being entitled to payments of principal. In
addition, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, amounts
deposited in certain accounts for the benefit of one or more Classes of Notes or
Certificates for such Series may be released from time to time or on a specified
date and applied as a payment of principal on such Classes of Notes and/or
Certificates. The related Prospectus Supplement will set forth the circumstances
which will result in the commencement of an Amortization Period.
Each Series which has a Revolving Period may also issue to the Seller or one of
its affiliates a certificate evidencing an undivided beneficial interest (a
"Retained Interest") in such Series not represented by the other Securities
issued by the related Trusts, the value of such Retained Interest will fluctuate
as the amount of Notes and Certificates of the related Series of Securities
outstanding is reduced.
ENHANCEMENT
If and to the extent specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, enhancement
with respect to a Series or any Class of Securities may include any one or more
of the following: a financial guaranty insurance policy, overcollateralization,
a letter of credit, a cash reserve fund, insurance policies, one or more Classes
of Subordinate Securities, derivative products or other forms of credit
enhancement, or any combination thereof (collectively, "Enhancement"). The
Enhancement with respect to any Series or any Class of Securities may be
structured to provide protection against delinquencies and/or losses on the Home
Equity Loans, against changes in interest rates, or other risks, to the extent
and under the conditions specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Forms
of Enhancement may provide for one or more Classes of Securities to be paid in
foreign currencies. Any form of Enhancement will have certain limitations and
exclusions from coverage thereunder, which will be described in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Further information regarding any Enhancer, including
financial information when material, will be included in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
WE REFER YOU TO "ENHANCEMENT" FOR MORE DETAIL
With respect to any Series of Securities including one or more Classes of Notes,
distributions in respect of the Certificates may be subordinated
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in priority of payment to payments on the Notes, to the extent specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
Enhancement for a Series may include one or more of the following types of
Enhancement or such other type of Enhancement specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
A. FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE POLICY
Issued by a monoline insurance company and which, subject to the terms of such
policy, will guarantee timely payment of interest on, and ultimate (as opposed
to timely) payment of principal, of the applicable Class or Classes of
Securities.
B. OVERCOLLATERALIZATION
Overcollateralization equals the excess of the aggregate principal balance of
the Home Equity Loans over the aggregate principal balance of the Securities.
Overcollateralization may take the form of the initial or subsequent deposit of
Home Equity Loans to create such excess or may build over time from the
application of certain excess cash amounts generated by the Home Equity Loans to
accelerate the amortization of the applicable Class or Classes of Securities.
C. LETTER OF CREDIT
Issued by a bank or other financial institution in a maximum amount which may be
permanently reduced as draws are made or may be replenished as previous draws
are repaid from certain excess cash amounts generated by the Home Equity Loans.
Draws may be made to cover shortfalls generally in collections, with respect to
particular types of shortfalls such as those due to particular types of losses
or with respect to specific situations such as shortfalls in amounts necessary
to pay current interest.
D. CASH RESERVE FUND
Partially or fully funded on the date of issuance or may be funded over time
from certain excess cash amounts generated by the Home Equity Loans. Withdrawals
may be made in circumstances similar to those for which draws may be made on a
letter of credit.
E. INSURANCE POLICIES
Insure a portion of the Home Equity Loans against credit losses, bankruptcy
losses, fraud losses or special hazard losses not covered by typical homeowners
insurance policies.
F. SUBORDINATE SECURITIES
Securities may be subordinated in the right to receive distributions to one or
more other Classes of Securities of the same Series, some or all of which may
themselves be subordinated to other Classes of such Series. Subordination may be
with respect to distributions of interest, principal or both. In addition, all
or portions of certain types of losses on the Home Equity Loans may be allocated
to one or more Classes of the Subordinate Securities prior to the allocation
thereof to other Classes of Subordinate Certificates and/or the Senior
Securities of the applicable Series. As a result, holders of Subordinate
Securities have a greater risk of loss and consequently a diminution in yield.
G. DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS
May include a swap to convert floating or fixed rate payments, as applicable, on
the Home Equity Loans into fixed or floating rate payments, as applicable, on
the Securities or a cap or floor agreement intended to provide protection
against changes in floating rates of interest payable on the Home Equity Loans
and/or the Securities.
CREDIT QUALITY OF HOME EQUITY LOANS
Throughout its operating history, the Seller has focused on lending to
individuals who have substantial equity in their homes but have impaired or
limited credit histories.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS--UNDERWRITING STANDARDS MAY AFFECT PERFORMANCE"
AND "THE SELLER AND MASTER SERVICER" HEREIN FOR MORE DETAIL.
The Sellers have in the past and will in the future change their underwriting
guidelines and procedures when, in their business judgment, competition or other
conditions in their market so warrant. As a result, Home Equity Loans originated
at different times may reflect different
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underwriting guidelines and be of different credit quality. However, any such
differences will be reflected in the levels of Enhancement for the related
Series of Securities.
SERVICING
The Servicer will be responsible for servicing, managing and making collections
on the Home Equity Loans for a Series. The Servicer may enter into sub-servicing
agreements with such entities that meet the requirements set forth in the
related Agreement. Such sub-servicing arrangements will not relieve the Servicer
of any liability it might otherwise have, had the sub-servicing arrangement not
been entered into. Advances with respect to delinquent payments of principal
and/or interest on a Home Equity Loan ("Delinquency Advances") will be made by
the Servicer or a sub-servicer if and only to the extent described in the
related Prospectus Supplement. Such advances will be intended to provide
liquidity only and will be reimbursable to the extent specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, from scheduled payments of principal and/or interest,
late collections, or from the proceeds of liquidation of the related Home Equity
Loans or from other recoveries relating to such Home Equity Loans (including any
insurance proceeds or payments from other credit support) or, to the extent
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, from payments or proceeds from
other Home Equity Loans. If and to the extent specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer or a sub-servicer will be entitled to
advance its own funds to pay for any related expenses of foreclosure and
disposition of any liquidated Home Equity Loan or related Mortgaged Property
(the "Servicer Advances").
WE REFER YOU TO "SERVICING OF HOME EQUITY LOANS--ADVANCES AND LIMITATIONS
THEREON" FOR MORE DETAIL.
The Servicer or such sub-servicer will be entitled to be reimbursed for any such
Servicer Advances as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. In
performing these functions, the Servicer will exercise the same degree of skill
and care that it customarily exercises with respect to similar Home Equity Loans
owned or serviced by it. Under certain limited circumstances, the Servicer may
resign or be removed, in which event either the Trustee or a third-party
servicer will be appointed as successor servicer. The Servicer will receive a
periodic fee as servicing compensation (the "Servicing Fee") and may, as
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, receive certain additional
compensation. The Servicer will pay any fees due the sub-servicers from the
Servicing Fee.
WE REFER YOU TO "SERVICING OF HOME EQUITY LOANS--SERVICING COMPENSATION AND
PAYMENT OF EXPENSES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
A. DEBT SECURITIES AND REMIC RESIDUAL SECURITIES
The federal income tax consequences to Securityholders will vary depending upon
whether one or more elections are made to treat the Trust Fund or specified
portions thereof as a REMIC under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the "Code"). The Prospectus Supplement for each Series of
Securities will specify whether such an election will be made. If a REMIC
election is made, Securities representing regular interests in a REMIC (a
"Regular Interest") will generally be taxable to holders in the same manner as
evidences of indebtedness issued by the REMIC. Stated interest on such regular
interests will be taxable as ordinary income and taken into account using the
accrual method of accounting, regardless of the holder's normal accounting
method.
Securities that are Compound Interest Securities, Zero Coupon Securities or
Interest Only Securities will, and certain other Classes of Securities may, be
issued with original issue discount that is not de minimis. In such cases, the
Holder will be required to include original issue discount in gross income as it
accrues, which may be prior to the receipt of cash attributable to such income.
If a Security is issued at a premium, the Holder may be entitled to make an
election to amortize such premium on a constant yield method.
If a Prospectus Supplement indicates that one or more REMIC elections will be
made with
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respect to the related Trust Fund or certain assets of the related Trust Fund,
assuming that such elections are timely made and all of the provisions of the
applicable Agreement are complied with, Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP, special
tax counsel to the Seller ("Federal Tax Counsel") is of the opinion that
(a) each segregated pool of assets specified as a REMIC in such Agreement will
constitute a REMIC for federal income tax purposes, (b) the Class or Classes of
Securities of the related Series which are designated as "regular interests" in
such Prospectus Supplement will be considered "regular interests" in a REMIC for
federal income tax purposes and (c) the Class of Securities of the related
Series which is designated as the "residual interest" in such Prospectus
Supplement will be considered the sole class of "residual interests" in the
applicable REMIC for federal income tax purposes. A REMIC will not be subject to
entity-level tax. Rather, the taxable income or net loss of a REMIC will be
taken into account by the holders of residual interests (a "Residual Interest").
In certain circumstances, the Holder of a Residual Interest may have REMIC
taxable income or tax liability attributable to REMIC taxable income for a
particular period in excess of cash distributions for such period or have an
after-tax return that is less than the after-tax return on comparable debt
instruments. In addition, a portion (or, in some cases, all) of the income from
a Residual Interest (i) may not be subject to offset by losses from other
activities or investments, (ii) for a Holder that is subject to tax under the
Code on unrelated business taxable income, may be treated as unrelated business
taxable income and (iii) for a foreign holder, may not qualify for exemption
from or reduction of withholding. In addition, (i) Residual Interests are
subject to transfer restrictions and (ii) certain transfers of Residual
Interests will not be recognized for federal income tax purposes. Further,
individual holders are subject to limitations on the deductibility of expenses
of the REMIC.
WE REFER YOU TO "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
To the extent the material federal income tax consequences differ from those
disclosed herein, Federal Tax Counsel will file a tax opinion and related
consent with the Commission.
B. NON-REMIC PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES
If a Prospectus Supplement indicates that a Trust Fund will be treated as a
grantor trust for federal income tax purposes, assuming compliance with all of
the provisions of the applicable Agreement, Federal Tax Counsel is of the
opinion that (a) the Trust Fund will be considered to be a grantor trust under
Subpart E, Part I of Subchapter J of the Code and will not be considered to be
an association taxable as a corporation and (b) a Holder of the related
Certificates will be treated for federal income tax purposes as the owner of an
undivided interest in the Home Equity Loans included in the Trust Fund. If so
provided in the Prospectus Supplement, holders of Securities of such Series
("Pass-Through Securities") will be treated as owning directly rights to receive
certain payments of interest or principal, or both, on the Home Equity Loans
held in the Trust Fund for such Series. All income with respect to a Stripped
Security (as defined herein) will be accounted for as original issue discount
and, unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, will be
reported by the Trustee on an accrual basis, which may be prior to the receipt
of cash associated with such income.
C. OWNER TRUST SECURITIES
If a Prospectus Supplement indicates that one or more Classes of non-REMIC
Securities of the related Series are to be treated as indebtedness for federal
income tax purposes, assuming that all of the provisions of the applicable
Agreement are complied with, Federal Tax Counsel is of the opinion that the
Securities so designated will be considered indebtedness for federal income tax
purposes, and that for federal income tax purposes the Trust Fund will not be
treated as an association, taxable mortgage pool, or a publicly traded
partnership taxable as a corporation. Each Noteholder, by the acceptance of a
Note of a given Series, will agree to treat such Note as indebtedness, and each
Certificateholder, by the acceptance of a Certificate of a given Series, will
agree to treat
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the related Trust Fund for Federal tax purposes as a partnership in which such
Certificateholder is a partner if there is more than one Certificateholder for
federal income tax purposes, or to disregard the Trust as an entity separate
from the Certificateholder if there is only one Certificateholder for federal
income tax purposes. Alternative characterizations of such Trust Fund and such
Certificates are possible, but would not result in materially adverse tax
consequences to Certificateholders.
WE REFER YOU TO "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
Generally, gain or loss will be recognized on a sale of Securities in the amount
equal to the difference between the amount realized and the seller's tax basis
in the Securities sold. The material federal income tax consequences for
investors associated with the purchase, ownership and disposition of the
Securities are set forth herein under "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES." The
material federal income tax consequences for investors associated with the
purchase, ownership and disposition of Securities of any particular Series will
be set forth under the heading "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
WE REFER YOU TO "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Subject to the considerations discussed under "ERISA CONSIDERATIONS" herein and
in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Notes may be eligible for purchase by
employee benefit plans subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, as amended ("ERISA").
WE REFER YOU TO "ERISA CONSIDERATIONS" HEREIN AND IN THE RELATED PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT FOR MORE DETAIL.
LEGAL INVESTMENT
Securities of each Series offered by this Prospectus and the related Prospectus
Supplement will not constitute "mortgage related securities" under the Secondary
Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984 ("SMMEA").
WE REFER YOU TO "LEGAL INVESTMENT" FOR MORE DETAIL.
RATINGS
It will be a requirement for issuance of any Series that each Class of
Securities offered by this Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement be
rated by at least one Rating Agency in one of its four highest applicable rating
categories. The rating or ratings applicable to Securities of each Series
offered hereby and by the related Prospectus Supplement will be as set forth in
the related Prospectus Supplement. A securities rating should be evaluated
independently of similar ratings on different types of securities. In general, a
securities rating addresses the likelihood that Holders will receive the
distributions to which they are entitled. A securities rating is not a
recommendation to buy, hold or sell securities and does not address the effect
that the rate of prepayments on the Home Equity Loans for a Series may have on
the yield to investors in the Securities of such Series. There is no assurance
that the rating initially assigned to such Securities will not be subsequently
lowered or withdrawn by the Rating Agency. In the event the rating initially
assigned to any Securities is subsequently lowered for any reason, no person or
entity will be obligated to provide any credit enhancement in addition to the
Enhancement, if any, specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
WE REFER YOU TO "RISK FACTORS--RATINGS ARE NOT RECOMMENDATIONS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES
Securities may be represented by global certificates and notes registered in the
name of Cede & Co. ("Cede"), as nominee of the Depository Trust Company ("DTC")
or another nominee. In such case, Securityholders will not be entitled to
receive definitive certificates and/or notes representing such interests, except
in certain circumstances described in the related Prospectus Supplement.
WE REFER YOU TO "DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES--BOOK-ENTRY SECURITIES" HEREIN
FOR MORE DETAIL.
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RISK FACTORS
Investors should consider, among other things, the following risk factors in
connection with the purchase of the Securities.
LACK OF SECONDARY MARKET LIMITS LIQUIDITY. There will be no market for the
Securities of any Series prior to the issuance thereof, and there can be no
assurance that a secondary market will develop or, if it does develop, that it
will provide Holders with liquidity of investment or will continue for the life
of the Securities of such Series. Further, if the Securities of a Series are not
listed on an exchange or quoted in the automated quotation system of a
registered securities association, investors may have limited liquidity.
WE REFER YOU TO "PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION" FOR MORE DETAIL.
HOME EQUITY LOANS ARE ONLY SOURCE OF REPAYMENT. The Securities of a
Series will be payable solely from the assets of the Trust Fund for such
Securities and any related Enhancement. There will be no recourse to the
Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer or any other person for any default on the
Notes or any failure to receive distributions on the Certificates. Further,
certain Home Equity Loans and/or any balance remaining in the Collection
Account, Certificate Account or Distribution Account immediately after making
all payments due on the Securities of such Series and other payments specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, may be promptly released or remitted to
the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer, the Enhancer or any other person
entitled thereto and will no longer be available for making payments to Holders.
Consequently, Holders of Securities of each Series must rely solely upon
payments with respect to the Home Equity Loans and the other assets constituting
the Trust Fund for a Series of Securities, including, if applicable, any amounts
available pursuant to any Enhancement for such Series, for the payment of
principal of and interest on the Securities of such Series.
Holders of Notes will be required under the Indenture to proceed only
against the Home Equity Loans and other assets constituting the related Trust
Fund in the case of a default with respect to such Notes and may not proceed
against any assets of the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer. There is no
assurance that the market value of the Home Equity Loans or any other assets for
a Series will at any time be equal to or greater than the aggregate principal
amount of the Securities of such Series then outstanding, plus accrued interest
thereon. Moreover, upon an event of default under the Indenture for a Series of
Notes and a sale of the assets in the Trust Fund or upon a sale of the assets of
a Trust Fund for a Series of Certificates, the Trustee, the Servicer, the
Enhancer, if any, and any other service provider specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement generally will be entitled to receive the proceeds of any
such sale to the extent of unpaid fees and other amounts owing to such persons
under the related Agreement prior to distributions to Holders of Securities.
Upon any such sale, the proceeds thereof may be insufficient to pay in full the
principal of and interest on the Securities of such Series.
LIMITED PROTECTION AGAINST LOSSES. Although any Enhancement is intended to
reduce the risk of delinquent payments or losses to Holders entitled to the
benefit thereof, the amount of such Enhancement will be limited, as set forth in
the related Prospectus Supplement, and will decline and could be depleted under
certain circumstances prior to the payment in full of the related Series of
Securities. As a result Holders may suffer losses.
WE REFER YOU TO "ENHANCEMENT" FOR MORE DETAIL.
UNDERWRITING STANDARDS MAY AFFECT PERFORMANCE. As described herein under
"THE SELLER AND SERVICER--Underwriting Guidelines Applicable to the Home Equity
Loans," the Seller's underwriting standards generally are less stringent than
those of traditional Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac with respect to a borrower's
credit history and in certain other respects. A borrower's past credit history
may not preclude the Seller from making a loan; however, it generally will
reduce the size (and
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consequently the Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio) of the loan that the Seller is
willing to make. As a result of this approach to underwriting, the Home Equity
Loans may experience higher rates of delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures
than mortgage loans underwritten in a more traditional manner.
SUBORDINATION. The rights of holders of the Subordinate Securities, if any,
of a Series to receive distributions with respect to collections on the Home
Equity Loans will be subordinate to the rights of the holders of certain more
senior Classes of Securities. Accordingly, the yields to maturity of the
Subordinate Securities, if any, will be sensitive, in varying degrees, to
defaults on the Home Equity Loans (and the timing thereof). Investors should
fully consider the risks associated with an investment in the Subordinate
Securities, if any, including the possibility that such investors may not fully
recover their initial investment as a result of Realized Losses on the related
Home Equity Loans. The Subordinate Securities may not be entitled to any
principal distributions until the date specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. As a result, the weighted average lives of the Subordinate
Securities will be longer than would be the case if distributions of principal
were to be allocated on a pro rata basis among the Senior and Subordinate
Securities. As a result of the longer weighted average lives of the Subordinate
Securities, the Subordinate Securities have a greater risk of suffering a loss
on their investments.
JUNIOR LIENS CREATE ADDITIONAL RISK OF LOSS. If the Home Equity Loans in a
Trust Fund are secured primarily by junior liens subordinate to the rights of
the mortgagee under the related senior mortgage(s) or deed(s) of trust, the
proceeds from any liquidation, insurance or condemnation proceedings will be
available to satisfy the outstanding balance of such Home Equity Loans only to
the extent that the claims of such senior mortgagees or beneficiaries have been
satisfied in full, including any related foreclosure costs. In addition, a
junior mortgagee may not foreclose on the Mortgaged Property securing a junior
mortgage unless it forecloses subject to the senior mortgages, in which case it
must either pay the entire amount due on the senior mortgages to the senior
mortgagees at or prior to the foreclosure sale or undertake the obligation to
make payments on the senior mortgages in the event the mortgagor is in default
thereunder. The Trust Fund will not have any source of funds to satisfy the
senior mortgages or deeds of trust or make payments due to the senior mortgagees
or beneficiaries.
PROPERTY VALUES MAY BE INSUFFICIENT. There are several factors that could
adversely affect the value of the Mortgaged Properties such that the outstanding
balance of the related Home Equity Loan, together with any senior financing on
the Mortgaged Properties, would equal or exceed the value of the Mortgaged
Properties. Among the factors that could adversely affect the value of the
Mortgaged Properties are an overall decline in the residential real estate
market in the areas in which the Mortgaged Properties are located or a decline
in the general condition of the Mortgaged Properties as a result of failure of
borrowers to maintain adequately the Mortgaged Properties or of natural
disasters that are not necessarily covered by insurance, such as earthquakes and
floods. Any such decline could extinguish the value of a junior interest in a
Property before having any effect on the related senior interest therein. If
such a decline occurs, the actual rates of delinquencies, foreclosure and losses
on the junior Home Equity Loans could be higher than those currently experienced
in the mortgage and home improvement lending industry in general.
YIELD MAY VARY. The yield to maturity experienced by a Holder of Securities
may be affected by the rate of payment of principal of the Home Equity Loans.
The timing of principal payments of the Securities of a Series will be affected
by a number of factors, including the following: (i) the extent of prepayments
of the Home Equity Loans; (ii) the manner of allocating principal payments among
the Classes of Securities of a Series as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement; and (iii) the exercise by the party entitled thereto of any right of
optional termination.
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WE REFER YOU TO "DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES--WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIFE OF THE
SECURITIES" FOR MORE DETAIL.
The rate of prepayments may be affected by the characteristics of the Home
Equity Loans, such as the loans-to-value ratios, interest rates and purposes of
such loans, the prevailing level of interest rates, demographic, tax, and legal
factors and servicing decisions. Prepayments may also result from repurchases of
Home Equity Loans, due to material breaches of the Seller's representations and
warranties and amounts on deposit in the Pre-Funding Account at the end of the
Pre-Funding Period.
Interest payable on the Securities of a Series on a Distribution Date will
include all interest accrued during the period specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. In the event interest accrues during the calendar month
prior to a Distribution Date, the effective yield to Holders will be reduced
from the yield that would otherwise be obtainable if interest payable on the
Security were to accrue through the day immediately preceding each Distribution
Date, and the effective yield (at par) to Holders will be less than the
indicated coupon rate.
We refer you to "DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES--Payments of Interest" for
more detail.
Prepayments From Pre-Funding Account May Adversely Affect Yield. The ability
of a Trust Fund to invest in additional Home Equity Loans during the related
Pre-Funding Period will be dependent on the ability of the Sellers to originate
Home Equity Loans that satisfy the requirements for transfer to the Trust Fund
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. The ability of the Seller to
originate such Loans will be affected by a variety of factors, including the
prevailing level of market interest rates, unemployment levels and consumer
perceptions of general economic conditions. If the principal balance of
additional Home Equity Loans delivered to the Trust Fund during the Pre-Funding
Period is less than the Pre-Funded Amount, the Holders of the Securities of the
related Series will receive a prepayment of principal as and to the extent
described in the related Prospectus Supplement. Any such principal prepayment
will shorten the average life and may adversely affect the yield to maturity of
the applicable Securities. Since prevailing interest rates are subject to
fluctuation, there can be no assurance that investors will be able to reinvest
such a prepayment at yields equaling or exceeding the yields on the related
Securities. It is possible that the yield on any such reinvestment will be
lower, and may be significantly lower, than the yield on the related Securities.
Potential Liability for Environmental Conditions. Real property pledged as
security to a lender may be subject to certain environmental risks. Under the
laws of certain states, contamination of a property may give rise to a lien on
the property to assure the costs of clean-up. In several states, such a lien has
priority over the lien of an existing mortgage or owner's interest against such
property. In addition, under the laws of some states and under the federal
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
("CERCLA"), a lender may be liable, as an "owner" or "operator," for costs of
addressing releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances that require
remedy at a property, if agents or employees of the lender have become
sufficiently involved in the operations of the borrower, regardless of whether
or not the environmental damage or threat was caused by a prior owner. A lender
also risks such liability on foreclosure of the Mortgaged Property.
Consumer Protection Laws May Affect Home Equity Loans. Applicable state laws
generally regulate interest rates and other charges and require certain
disclosures. In addition, other state laws, public policy and general principles
of equity relating to the protection of consumers, unfair and deceptive
practices and debt collection practices may apply to the origination, servicing
and collection of the Home Equity Loans. Depending on the provisions of the
applicable law and the specific facts and circumstances involved, violations of
these laws, policies and principles may limit the ability of the Servicer to
collect all or part of the principal of or interest on the Home Equity Loans,
may entitle the borrower to a refund of amounts previously paid and, in
addition, could subject the owner of the Home Equity Loan to damages and
administrative enforcement.
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The Home Equity Loans are also subject to federal laws, including:
(i) the federal Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated
thereunder, which require certain disclosures to the borrowers regarding
the terms of the Home Equity Loans;
(ii) the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated
thereunder, which prohibit discrimination on the basis of age, race,
color, sex, religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of
public assistance or the exercise of any right under the Consumer
Credit Protection Act, in the extension of credit;
(iii) the Americans with Disabilities Act, which, among other things,
prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in the full and
equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges,
advantages or accommodations of any place of public accommodation; and
(iv) the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which regulates the use and reporting of
information related to the borrower's credit experience.
Violations of certain provisions of these federal laws may limit the ability
of the Servicer to collect all or part of the principal of or interest on the
Home Equity Loans and in addition could subject the Trust Fund to damages and
administrative enforcement. The Home Equity Loans may be subject to the Home
Ownership and Equity Protection Act of 1994 (the "Act") which amended the Truth
in Lending Act as it applies to mortgages subject to the Act. The Act requires
certain additional disclosures, specifies the timing of such disclosures and
limits or prohibits inclusion of certain provisions in mortgages subject to the
Act. The Act also provides that any purchaser or assignee of a mortgage covered
by the Act is subject to all of the claims and defenses which the borrower could
assert against the original lender. The maximum damages that may be recovered
under the Act from an assignee is the remaining amount of indebtedness plus the
total amount paid by the borrower in connection with the Home Equity Loan. If
the Trust Fund includes Home Equity Loans subject to the Act, it will be subject
to all of the claims and defenses which the borrower could assert against the
Seller. Any violation of the Act which would result in such liability would be a
breach of the Seller's representations and warranties and the Seller would be
obligated to cure, repurchase or, if permitted by the Agreement, substitute for
the Home Equity Loan in question. In addition, numerous other federal and state
statutory provisions, including the federal bankruptcy laws, the Soldiers' and
Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940 and state debtor relief laws, may also
adversely affect the Servicer's ability to collect the principal of or interest
on the Home Equity Loans and also would affect the interests of the
Securityholders in such Home Equity Loans if such laws result in the Home Equity
Loans being uncollectible.
WE REFER YOU TO "CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS" FOR MORE
DETAIL.
RISK OF HIGHER DEFAULT RATES FOR HOME EQUITY LOANS WITH BALLOON LOANS. A
portion of the aggregate principal balance of the Home Equity Loans at any time
may be "balloon loans" that provide for the payment of the unamortized principal
balance of such Home Equity Loan in a single payment at maturity ("Balloon
Loans"). Such Balloon Loans provide for equal monthly payments, consisting of
principal and interest, generally based on a 30-year amortization schedule, and
a single payment of the remaining balance of the Balloon Loan generally 5, 7,
10, or 15 years after origination. Amortization of a Balloon Loan based on a
scheduled period that is longer than the term of the loan results in a remaining
principal balance at maturity that is substantially larger than the regular
scheduled payments. The Seller does not have any information regarding the
default history or prepayment history of payments on Balloon Loans. Because
borrowers of Balloon Loans are required to make substantial single payments upon
maturity, it is possible that the default risk associated with the Balloon Loans
is greater than that associated with fully-amortizing Home Equity Loans.
INSOLVENCY OF SELLER MAY CAUSE LOSSES. The Seller intends that its transfer
of the Home Equity Loans to the Depositor and the Depositor intends that its
subsequent transfer of the Home Equity
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Loans to a Trust Fund will each constitute a sale, and the Depositor, the Seller
and the Trust Fund will agree to treat each such transfer as a sale. In the
event of the insolvency of Seller, the trustee in bankruptcy or the Seller (as
applicable), as debtor-in-possession, may attempt to recharacterize such a sale
as a loan by the Trust Fund to the Depositor or the Seller, as applicable,
secured by the pledge of the related Home Equity Loans. If such an attempt were
to be successful, Holders of Securities could receive a prepayment of all or
part of their Securities. Any such prepayment would adversely affect the yield
on such Securities and could result in a loss. Even if such an attempt were to
be unsuccessful, Holders of Securities could experience delays in distributions
which would adversely affect the yield on the related Securities.
RATINGS ARE NOT RECOMMENDATIONS. It will be a condition to the issuance of
a Series of Securities that each Class be rated in one of the four highest
rating categories by the Rating Agency identified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Any such rating would be based on, among other things, the adequacy
of the value of the Home Equity Loans and any Enhancement with respect to such
Series. In general, a securities rating addresses the likelihood that Holders
will receive the distributions to which they are entitled. Such rating should
not be deemed a recommendation to purchase, hold or sell Securities, inasmuch as
it does not address market price or suitability for a particular investor and
does not address the likelihood of prepayments or the possibility that investors
may receive a lower than anticipated yield. There is also no assurance that any
such rating will remain in effect for any given period of time or may not be
lowered or withdrawn entirely by the Rating Agency if in its judgment
circumstances in the future so warrant. In addition to being lowered or
withdrawn due to any erosion in the adequacy of the value of the Home Equity
Loans, such rating might also be lowered or withdrawn, among other reasons,
because of an adverse change in the financial or other condition of an Enhancer
or a change in the rating of such Enhancer's long term debt. Any such reduction
or withdrawal in the rating assigned to the Securities may adversely affect the
liquidity of and yield on such Securities.
BOOK-ENTRY REGISTRATION. Because transfers and pledges of the Securities
may be effected only through book entries at a clearing agency through clearing
agency participants, the liquidity of the secondary market for Securities may be
reduced to the extent that some investors are unwilling to hold Securities in
book entry form in the name of clearing agency participants and the ability to
pledge Securities may be limited due to lack of a physical certificate. Holders,
in certain cases, experience delay in the receipt of payments of principal and
interest because such payments will be forwarded by the Trustee to the clearing
agency who will then forward payment to the clearing agency participants who
will thereafter forward payment to Holders. In the event of the insolvency of
the clearing agency or of a clearing agency participant in whose name Securities
are recorded, the ability of Holders to obtain timely payment and (if the limits
of applicable insurance coverage by the Securities Investor Protection
Corporation are exceeded, or if such coverage is otherwise unavailable) ultimate
payment of principal and interest on Securities may be impaired.
THE DEPOSITOR
CHEC Asset Receivable Corporation (the "Depositor") was incorporated in the
State of Nevada on May 28, 1998, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Seller.
The Depositor maintains its principal offices at 2728 N. Harwood Street, Dallas,
Texas 75201. Its telephone number is (214) 981-5000.
The Depositor does not have, nor is it expected in the future to have, any
significant assets.
THE SELLER AND THE SERVICER
GENERAL
The Seller and Servicer, Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity
Corporation, a Nevada corporation is a sub-prime mortgage lender formed in 1994
that engages in originating
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primarily non-conforming home equity loans, directly through four major
origination sources. The Seller was originally named Nova Credit Corporation and
was headquartered in Denver, Colorado. In the first calendar quarter of 1997,
the Seller's operations were moved to Dallas, Texas and the Seller underwent a
reorganization and the hiring of a new management team. In April of 1997, the
Seller's name was changed to Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity
Corporation. The Seller is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Centex Financial
Services, Inc., a financial services subsidiary of Centex Corporation,
headquartered in Dallas, Texas. Centex Corporation is a publicly traded,
diversified company with a market capitalization of approximately $1.5 billion
and is primarily engaged in the home building, financial services, contracting
and construction services industries. The Seller is also affiliated with CTX
Mortgage Company, a Nevada corporation ("CTX Mortgage"), which originates
mortgage loans conforming to Fannie Mae and/or Freddie Mac guidelines. Since
inception, the Seller has focused on lending to individuals who have substantial
equity in their homes but have impaired or limited credit histories. The
Seller's home equity loans to these borrowers are made for such purposes as debt
consolidation, refinancing, home improvement or educational expenses.
Substantially all of the Seller's home equity loans are secured by first or
second mortgage liens on one-to four-family residences, and have amortization
schedules ranging from five years to 30 years.
The Seller is currently licensed to do business in 47 states plus the
District of Columbia and employs approximately 1075 people located in 130
offices in 37 states. The Seller originates home equity loans through its retail
branch network of 66 branch offices located in 29 states. In addition, the
Seller originates home equity loans through a broker referral network from six
division offices with a total of 22 regions. A third production source for the
Seller is referral of home equity loans from its affiliate conforming mortgage
company, CTX Mortgage. The final source of origination of home equity loans is
the Seller's direct sales unit which sources loans through telemarketing and
direct mail efforts. All home equity loans are originated in the name of Centex
Home Equity Corporation, in the name of an affiliate of Centex Home Equity
Corporation or in the name of a broker for simultaneous assignment to Centex
Home Equity Corporation. The Seller's strategy is to utilize these origination
channels to generate growth in the volume of the home equity loans originated
while diversifying sources of the home equity loans and maintaining emphasis on
its underwriting standards.
The Seller has centralized its underwriting, servicing and quality control
functions in its Dallas headquarters.
The Seller's headquarters are located at 2728 North Harwood Street, Dallas,
Texas, 75201 and its telephone number is (214) 981-5000.
UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES APPLICABLE TO THE HOME EQUITY LOANS
THE PRE-UNDERWRITING PROCESS. The Seller's home equity loan application
process is conducted by the Seller's branch officers and approved mortgage
brokers who compile information necessary for the Seller's underwriting
department to evaluate the home equity loan. The approval process is generally
coordinated over the telephone with applications and credit reports obtained by
branch processors or brokers usually sent by facsimile transmission to the
processing department at one of the Seller's offices. Branch personnel
communicate with the Seller's centralized underwriting staff, located in Dallas,
Texas, which consists of approximately 24 underwriters. The Seller also employs
24 other underwriters in six divisional offices, which have loan approval
authority on a limited basis. Branch operation personnel review the applicant's
credit history, based on the information contained in the application as well as
reports available from credit reporting bureaus, to see if the credit history is
acceptable given the Seller's underwriting guidelines. A credit report from one
approved repository is required for pre-approval and at least two reports are
required prior to underwriting review. These credit reports are the primary
means utilized to verify each borrower's mortgage and other debt payment
histories. Based on this review, the proposed terms of the home equity loan are
then communicated to the branch officer or broker responsible for the
application who in turn discusses the
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proposal with the home equity loan applicant. If the applicant accepts the
proposed terms, a branch officer or broker will gather additional information
necessary for the underwriting, closing, and funding of the loan.
THE STANDARD NON-CONFORMING PROGRAM. The Home Equity Loans were originated
under the Seller's Standard Non-Conforming Program. The Standard Non-Conforming
Program is applicable to residential loans, which, for credit reasons do not
conform to "traditional lenders" underwriting guidelines such as those employed
by savings and loans and commercial banks. The Seller began underwriting home
equity loans in accordance with such standards in May 1997.
The Seller's underwriting standards under the Standard Non-Conforming
Program are primarily intended to assess creditworthiness of the mortgagor, the
value of the mortgaged property and to evaluate the adequacy of such property as
collateral for the home equity loan. While the Seller's primary consideration in
underwriting a home equity loan is the borrower's employment stability and
debt-to-income ratio, the condition and value of the mortgaged property relative
to the amount of the home equity loan is another critical factor. In addition,
it also considers, among other things, a mortgagor's credit history and
repayment ability, as well as the type and use of the mortgaged property.
The Seller currently employs approximately 48 underwriters and has its
underwriting functions primarily centralized in its Dallas, Texas headquarters.
The Seller does not delegate underwriting authority to any broker or
correspondent. The Seller's underwriting department functions independently of
its mortgage origination departments. Underwriters are compensated on a salary
basis, and are not compensated on commission.
The Seller's policy is that every home equity loan is reviewed and approved
by an underwriter with assigned approval authorities. Home equity loans
exceeding those authorities require a second approval, generally from a manager
of underwriting or an underwriting supervisor.
The Seller has established classifications with respect to the credit
profile of the applicant, and each loan is placed into one of seven ratings "A+"
through "D". Terms of loans made by the Seller as well as maximum loan-to-value
ratios and debt-to-income ratios vary depending on the classification of the
applicant. Home equity loan applicants with less favorable credit ratings are
generally offered home equity loans with higher interest rates and lower
loan-to-value ratios than applicants with more favorable credit ratings.
The home equity loans underwritten under the Seller's Standard
Non-Conforming Programs are adjustable and fixed rate loans. Except for Balloon
Loans, the fixed rate home equity loans originated by the Seller have
amortization schedules ranging from 5 years to 30 years, and generally require
equal monthly payments which are due as of a scheduled day of each month which
is fixed at the time of origination. The fixed rate Balloon Loans, originated by
the Seller, generally provide for scheduled amortization over 30 years, with a
maturity date and a balloon payment at the end of the fifteenth year. The Seller
originates adjustable rate loan products that bear interest at rates which
adjust based on Six-Month LIBOR, with the initial rate adjustment date being
either six months after the date of origination of such loan ("Six-Month ARMs")
or 24 months after the date of origination of such loan (" 2/28 ARMs"). The
Six-Month ARMs and the 2/28 ARMs are collectively referred to herein as "ARMs."
The Six-Month ARMs amortize over 15 to 30 years, adjust every six months and
allow for a maximum periodic rate adjustment of 1.00%. The maximum adjustment
over the life of a Six-Month ARM is capped at 7.00% above the initial interest
rate of such loan and the minimum interest rate is generally equal to the
initial interest rate. The 2/28 ARMs amortize over 30 years, have an initial
interest rate adjustment date which is 24 months after the date of origination
and allow for a maximum rate adjustment on the initial interest rate adjustment
date of 2.00%. After the initial rate adjustment date, the 2/28 ARMs adjust
every six months, allow for a maximum periodic interest rate adjustment of
1.00%, have a lifetime cap on interest rate adjustments of 7.00% above the
initial interest rate of such loan and allow for a minimum rate generally equal
to the initial interest rate of such loan. The Seller does
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not currently originate ARMs with a balloon feature. The principal amounts of
the home equity loans originated by the Seller generally range from a minimum of
$5,000 to a maximum of $500,000. The collateral securing loans originated by the
Seller are generally one-to four-family residences, including condominiums,
townhomes and manufactured housing treated as real property under applicable
state law, and such properties may or may not be occupied by the owner. It is
the Seller's policy not to accept commercial properties, mixed-use properties or
unimproved land as collateral. Rural property requires a 5% reduction in
loan-to-value ratio. Second mortgages require a 5% reduction in loan-to-value
ratio on owner occupied property. The Seller generally does not originate second
lien home equity loans where any senior mortgage lien allows for open-end
advances or negative amortization, is a private party mortgage or has shared
appreciation provisions.
The home equity loans underwritten under the Standard Non-Conforming Program
are underwritten pursuant to the "Full Documentation" residential loan program
(the "Full Documentation Program"), the "Limited Documentation" residential loan
program (the "Limited Documentation Program") or the "Stated Income" residential
loan program (the "Stated Income Program"). Under each of these programs, the
Seller reviews the home equity loan applicant's source of income, calculates the
amount of income from sources indicated on the loan application or similar
documentation, reviews the credit history of the applicant, calculates the
debt-to-income ratio to determine the applicant's ability to repay the home
equity loan, reviews the type and use of the property being financed and reviews
the property for compliance with the Seller's standards. In determining an
applicant's ability to repay a (i) Six-Month ARM, the Seller uses a rate equal
to Six-Month LIBOR plus a margin and (ii) 2/28 ARM, the Seller uses a rate equal
to the initial interest rate on the home equity loans (Six-Month LIBOR plus a
margin less up to 2.50%) (each of the rates referred to in clauses (i) and
(ii) being a "Qualifying Rate"). It is the policy of the Seller for its
underwriting process to consist of a thorough credit review and a thorough
appraisal review on each home equity loan by its underwriting department and
(i) a separate appraisal review by the Seller's appraisal review department on
home equity loans with a loan-to-value ratio of 85% or greater, and, (ii) a full
compliance review, to ensure that all documents have been properly prepared, all
applicable disclosures given in a timely fashion, and proper compliance with all
federal and state regulations. Appraisals are performed by third party,
independent, fee-based, state-licensed appraisers generally approved by the
Seller's staff appraiser and generally conforming to current FNMA/FHLMC
secondary market requirements for residential property appraisals. Each such
appraisal includes, among other things, an inspection of the interior and
exterior of the subject property and data from sales within the same general
location as the subject property where available.
The Seller's underwriting criteria require it to determine the income of
each borrower and the source of funds (if applicable). Under the Full
Documentation Program, it is the policy of the Seller that home equity loans to
borrowers who are salaried employees be supported by current employment
information in addition to employment history. This information for salaried
borrowers is verified based on any of the following: written confirmation from
employers, one or more pay-stubs, recent W-2 tax forms or recent tax returns. In
addition, a telephone confirmation of employment is made. Under the Limited
Documentation Program, self-employed borrowers are qualified based upon monthly
income stated on the home equity loan application. Current tax return or six
months of current bank statements and a signed profit and loss statement are
obtained to verify existence of business and acceptable cash flow. Under the
Stated Income Program, borrowers are qualified based upon monthly income as
stated on the home equity loan application and telephone confirmation of
employment. Self-employed borrowers under the Stated Income Program are required
to submit a business license, current bank statements, and verification with
directory assistance to ensure existence of the business.
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Verification of the source of funds (if any) required by the applicant is
generally required under purchase money programs in the form of a standard
verification of deposit, current bank statement or other acceptable
documentation. Twelve months of mortgage payments or rental history must be
verified by lender or landlord. If appropriate compensating factors exist, the
Seller may waive certain documentation requirements for individual borrowers.
All documentation should be no more than 60 days old at underwriting and no more
than 90 days old at the time of the funding of the related loan. Upon completion
of a home equity loan's underwriting and processing, the closing of the loan is
scheduled with a closing attorney or agent approved by the Seller. The closing
attorney or agent is responsible for completing the loan closing transaction in
accordance with applicable law and the Seller's operating procedures. Title
insurance that insures the Seller's interest as mortgagee and evidence of
adequate homeowner's insurance naming the Seller and its assignees as an
additional insured party are required on all loans.
CREDIT INSURANCE. The Seller is currently underwriting some, but not all,
of its home equity loans with truncated decreasing credit insurance that is
underwritten by an unrelated third party. One such type of credit insurance is
credit life insurance which provides for the payment of indebtedness upon the
death of the insured. Such insurance may be underwritten as either joint
insurance (covering both borrower and co-borrower) or single insurance (covering
the primary borrower only). The maximum coverage amount of the credit life
insurance is $100,000 and is based upon a net payoff basis. The term of the
coverage is limited to five years. A second type of credit insurance is
involuntary unemployment insurance. This type of insurance pays to the creditor
the scheduled monthly payment obligation of an insured debtor in cases where the
debtor has become unemployed involuntarily. The maximum monthly benefit is $750
with the term of the insurance being limited to five years.
LAND HOME LOANS. Centex Finance Company, a Nevada corporation and an
affiliate of the Seller, originates Land Home Loans. A "Land Home Loan" is a
loan that is secured by a multi-section manufactured home and the related real
estate. Centex Finance Company is in the first lien position on all of the Land
Home Loans. All of the Centex Finance Company Land Home Loans are underwritten
pursuant to Centex Finance Company guidelines which are separate from, and
different than, the underwriting guidelines used for the home equity loans
originated by Seller. Critical aspects of Centex Finance Company underwriting
requirements include: (1) the manufactured home must be used as the borrower's
primary or secondary residence, and must meet minimum down payment or equity
requirements; (2) all manufactured homes securing the Land Home Loans are
considered to be real property and title insurance policies are acquired on all
Land Home Loans; (3) loan-to-value ratios with regard to the Land Home Loans are
calculated by dividing the amount financed by either (a) the total sales price
of the real estate and the manufactured home together or (b) the total sales
price of the manufactured home and improvements plus an independent fee
appraisal performed by a Company approved appraiser of the underlying real
estate in cases where the borrower has previously owned the underlying real
property; (4) the maximum amount financed is limited to the value of the real
estate (as determined by the lesser of the sales price of the land and an
independent fee appraisal performed by a company approved appraiser at the time
of origination) plus the sales price of the manufactured home (which is limited
to 30% over the wholesale cost of the home) plus site improvements such as
utilities hook up, septic and driveway (which is limited to 25% of the wholesale
cost of the home); (5) Land Home Loans are underwritten using a system that
manually evaluates the borrower's credit history and employment stability and
significantly relies on FICO scores; and (6) the borrower's income is verified
and debt ratios are carefully evaluated. The general criteria used by the
Seller's Underwriting staff in classifying loan applicants are set forth below.
UNDERWRITING CRITERIA OF THE SELLER
"A+" RISK. Under the "A+" risk category, the prospective borrower must have
repaid installment or revolving consumer debt according to its terms with no
30-day late payments within the last
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12 months and within the prior 12 month period no 30-day late payments are
permitted on an existing mortgage. No collection accounts, unpaid charge-offs,
judgments or a derogatory public record is permitted within the past two years
(except medical collections under $500.00). No bankruptcy or foreclosure may
have occurred during the preceding seven years commencing from the date of
discharge or the date the foreclosure was filed. No State or Federal Tax liens
(paid or unpaid) and no delinquent property taxes are permitted in the last two
years. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of 90% for home equity loans originated
under the Full Documentation Program (85% for Limited Documentation Program or
80% if the home equity loan is originated under the Stated Income Program) is
permitted for a home equity loan of less than $500,000 on an owner-occupied
property. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of 85% for a home equity loan originated
under the Full Documentation Program (75% for Limited Documentation Program or
70% if the home equity loan is originated under the Stated Income Program) is
permitted for a home equity loan of less than $500,000 on non-owner occupied
property. The maximum debt service-to-income ratio is 45%.
"A-1" RISK. Under the "A-1" risk category, the prospective borrower must
have generally repaid installment or revolving debt according to its terms with
no 60-day late payments within the last 12 months. A maximum of one 30-day late
payment is acceptable in the last 12 months on an existing mortgage. Consecutive
30-day delinquencies may be considered as a single late. This is limited to
30-days late only. Minor derogatory items are allowed as to non-mortgage credit.
No collection accounts, charge-offs or judgments over $500 within the last two
years are allowed. No bankruptcy or notice of default filings by the borrower
may have occurred during the preceding five years. A maximum loan-to-value ratio
of up to 90% (85% for Limited Documentation Program or 80% for home equity loans
originated under the Stated Income Program) is permitted for a home equity loan
on a 1-4 family owner-occupied property. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of up to
85% (75% for Limited Documentation Program or 70% for home equity loan
originating under the Stated Income Program) is permitted for a home equity loan
on a non-owner occupied property. The debt service-to-income ratio generally is
50% or less based on the Qualifying Rate. The maximum loan amount is $500,000
for a 1-4 family property under the Full Documentation Program. The maximum loan
amount is $350,000 for a home equity loan on a 1-4 family property under the
Limited Documentation Program or Stated Income Program. Exceptions to the
maximum loan amount for a single-family, owner occupied property are considered
by the Seller on a limited basis.
"A-2" RISK. Under the "A-2" risk category, the prospective borrower must
have generally repaid installment or revolving debt according to its terms with
no 90-day late payments on such obligations within the last 12 months. A maximum
of two 30-day late payments and no 60-day late payments within the last
12 months is acceptable on an existing home equity loan. Minor derogatory items
are allowed as to non-mortgage credit. No unpaid collection accounts,
charge-offs or judgments over $1,000 within the last two years are allowed. No
bankruptcy or notice of default filings by the borrower may have occurred during
the preceding three years. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of up to 90% (80% for
Limited Documentation Program or 80% for home equity loans originated under the
Stated Income Program) is permitted for a home equity loan on a 1-4 family owner
occupied property. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of up to 80% (75% for Limited
Documentation Program or 65% for mortgage loans originated under the Stated
Income Program) is permitted for a home equity loan on a non-owner occupied
property. The debt service-to-income ratio generally is 50% or less based on the
Qualifying Rate. The maximum loan amount is $500,000 for a 1-4 family property
under the Full Documentation Program. The maximum loan amount is $350,000 for a
mortgage loan on a 1-4 family property under the Limited Documentation Program
or Stated Income Program. Exceptions to the maximum loan amount for a
single-family, owner occupied property are considered by the Seller on a limited
basis.
"B" RISK. Under the "B" risk category the prospective borrower must have
generally repaid consumer debt according to its terms with no 120-day late
payments on such obligations within the last 12 months. A maximum of three
30-day late payments within the last 12 months is acceptable on an
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existing home equity loan on the subject property. As to non-mortgage credit,
some prior defaults may have occurred. Isolated and insignificant collections
and/or charge-offs and judgments within the last 24 months less than $2,500 are
permitted and are not required to be paid from the proceeds of the home equity
loan. No bankruptcy or foreclosure by the borrower may have occurred during the
preceding 24 months. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of 85% (80% for Limited
Documentation Program or 75% for Stated Income Program) is permitted for a home
equity loan on a 1-4 family owner occupied property. A maximum loan-to-value
ratio of 75% (70% for Limited Documentation Program or 65% for home equity loans
originated under the Stated Income Program) is permitted for a home equity loan
on a non-owner occupied property. The debt service-to-income ratio generally is
50% or less based on the Qualifying Rate. The maximum loan amount is $500,000
for a 1-4 family property under the Full Documentation Program. The maximum loan
amount is $250,000 for home equity loans originated under the Limited
Documentation Program or Stated Income Program.
"C-1" RISK. Under the "C-1" risk category, the prospective borrower may
have experienced significant credit problems in the past. Installment debt may
have been up to 120 days delinquent within the last twelve months. A maximum of
four 30-day late payments and one 60-day late payment within the last 12 months
is acceptable on an existing home equity loan. The existing home equity
obligation can be up to 60 days past due at the funding of the loan. As to
non-mortgage credit, significant prior defaults may have occurred. There may be
open collections or charge-offs not to exceed $2,500 and up to $5,000 in
isolated circumstances. However, collection accounts, unpaid charge-offs or
judgments are not required to be paid from the proceeds of the home equity loan.
No bankruptcy or notice of default filings by the borrower may have occurred
during the preceding 12 months. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of 80% (75% on
Limited Documentation Program or 70% for home equity loans originated under the
Stated Income Program) is permitted for a home equity loan on a 1-4 family
owner-occupied property. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of 70% (65% on Limited
Documentation Program) is permitted for a home equity loan on a
non-owner-occupied property. The debt service-to-income ratio is generally 50%
or less based on the Qualifying Rate. The maximum loan amount is $350,000 for a
home equity loan on a 1-4 family owner-occupied or non-owner occupied property.
The maximum loan amount is $250,000 on the Limited Documentation Program.
"C-2" RISK. Under the "C-2" risk category, the prospective borrower may
have experienced significant credit problems in the past. Installment debt may
have been up to 120 days delinquent within the last twelve months. A maximum of
two 60-day late payments or one 90-day late payment within 12 months is
acceptable on an existing home equity loan on the subject property. The existing
home equity obligation can be up to 90 days past due at the funding of the loan.
As to non-mortgage credit, significant prior defaults may have occurred. There
may be open collections or charge-offs not to exceed $5,000 and collection
accounts, unpaid charge-offs or judgments are not required to be paid from the
proceeds of the home equity loan. No bankruptcy or notice of default filings by
the borrower may have occurred during the preceding 6 months. A maximum
loan-to-value ratio of 75% is permitted for a home equity loan on a 1-4 family
owner-occupied property. A maximum loan-to-value ratio of 65% is permitted for a
home equity loan on a non-owner-occupied property. The debt service-to-income
ratio is generally 50% or less based on the Qualifying Rate. The maximum loan
amount is $350,000.
"D" RISK. Under the "D" risk category, the prospective borrower may have
experienced significant credit problems in the past. As to non-mortgage credit,
significant prior defaults may have occurred. The borrower is sporadic in some
or all areas with a disregard for timely payment or credit standing. With
respect to an existing home equity loan on the subject property, such home
equity loan may be no more than one time 120 days late and may be in foreclosure
proceedings. Such existing home equity loan is not required to be current at the
time the application is submitted. The borrower may have open collections,
charge-offs and judgments, which are generally paid through the loan
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proceeds if amount exceeds $5,000. Bankruptcy or notice of default filings by
the borrower may be present at the time of the loan. A maximum loan-to-value
ratio of 70% is permitted for a home equity loan on a 1-4 family owner-occupied
property. A maximum loan to value ratio of 50% is permitted for a home equity
loan on non-owner occupied 1-4 family property. The maximum loan amount is
$350,000. The debt service-to-income ratio generally is 50% or less based on the
Qualifying Rate.
EXCEPTIONS. As described above, the Seller uses the foregoing categories
and characteristics as underwriting guidelines only. On a case-by-case basis, it
may determine that the prospective borrower warrants a risk category upgrade, a
debt service-to-income ratio exception, a pricing exception, a loan-to-value
exception or an exception from certain requirements of a particular risk
category (collectively called an "upgrade" or an "exception"). An upgrade or
exception may generally be allowed if the application reflects certain
compensating factors, among others: reduced loan-to-value ratio; good property
maintenance; mortgage history consistent with the risk category upgrade; stable
employment; disposable income and the length of residence in the subject
property. Accordingly, the Seller may classify certain home equity loan
applications in a more favorable risk category than other home equity loan
applications that, in the absence of such compensating factors, would satisfy
only the criteria of a less favorable risk category.
SERVICING
The Servicer has been servicing loans since March 1997, when it assumed the
default management cycle of loans previously handled by CTX Mortgage, which is
primarily a conforming seller/servicer. The Servicer or one of its affiliates
originates all of the loans it services. Servicing encompasses, among other
activities, the following processes: billing and collection of payments when
due, movement and reporting of cash to the payment clearing bank accounts,
customer help, reconveyance, recovery of delinquent installments, instituting
foreclosure, and liquidation of the underlying collateral. As of November 30,
1999, the Servicer was servicing a portfolio of approximately $1.8 billion.
The Servicer services all loans in its Dallas, Texas headquarters facility
using a mid-range AS-400 based servicing platform ("LSAMS") for which the
Servicer purchased a separate user license in August of 1997. The LSAMS system
is also employed by other large, nonconforming servicers in the subprime
industry. The company has purchased an additional servicing system from London
Bridge Corporation ("FORTRACS"), an event-tracking system with separate modules
for foreclosure, bankruptcy, and REO Property. FORTRACS has generally increased
the Servicer's ability to track and monitor loans in the default process.
The Servicer's operating and compliance policies and procedures are
published and updated to comply with state and federal, legal and regulatory
requirements.
The Servicer's default management policy has been designed to identify
collection problems so as to facilitate a prompt response to the delinquent
borrower's situation. Early identification of a significant collection problem
is especially critical in the subprime mortgage environment.
Borrowers are mailed a monthly billing statement approximately two weeks
prior to their due date. Collection activity on an account begins as soon as
five (5) days after the scheduled due date if a payment is not made. A "First
Notice" is generated by LSAMS and mailed to the mortgagor generally on the 8th
day after the due date. Loans on which one of the initial three payments on a
new loan have not been received will generally be called on the third day of
default to ensure that all terms of the new loan are understood by the
borrower(s) and to determine if any serious problems exist which will affect
prompt repayment of the loan.
The collection strategy is to determine the facts surrounding the
delinquency, obtain customer agreement for the solution, and to attempt to
preclude future delinquency on the part of the borrower. Generally, when a
promise for payment is obtained from the borrower by the collector, LSAMS will
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target the loan in the "queue" for the date of the promised payment. If the
payment is made, the account is removed from the collection queue. If the
arrangement for payment was not kept, the loan is placed back in the call route
for the collector to contact and follow up on the previous arrangements for
payment. If the payment is received per the arrangements and no future promise
or target dates are noted on LSAMS, the loan will be removed from the collection
cycle unless the account becomes delinquent in the future.
Generally, when a loan appears in the LSAMS default management auto queue,
the collector will telephone the borrower(s) to discuss the past due payment
situation. Standard collection form letters, approved by the Servicer's legal
department, are generally utilized in conjunction with telephone calling, in
order to reach the delinquent borrower(s). Documentation of collection activity
is critically important in the default management process. Collectors have
access on LSAMS to borrower demographics, telephone numbers, loan payment
history, and all previous collection notes, to assist in the collection of a
past due account. The policy of the Servicer is that managers in the collection
department are required to monitor collectors' work on LSAMS and to offer
guidance and training to their employees.
It is the policy of the Servicer to send out a notice of demand at the 45th
day of delinquencies. This may be done sooner if the circumstances of a
particular account indicate that legal action appears likely. This letter will
give the customer 30 days' notice of the Servicer's intent to initiate
foreclosure action on the loan. If an alternative to foreclosure is appropriate,
a recommended course of action will be prescribed by senior servicing
management. Servicing and collection practices regarding the liquidation of
properties (e.g., foreclosure) and the rights of the borrower vary from state to
state.
Prior to any foreclosure action, and intermittently updated throughout the
process, the Servicer performs an in-depth market value analysis on all
defaulted loans. This analysis includes a current appraisal or broker price
opinion ("BPO") conducted by an independent vendor from the Servicer's approved
network of appraisers or real estate brokers. In addition, all property
evaluations are reviewed by an internal staff appraiser in order to ensure that
the most accurate value is known. It is this value which will determine its
strategy for bidding, repairs, and sale of the property.
If the Servicer acquires title to a property at a foreclosure sale or
through other means, the REO Property department immediately begins working on
the file by obtaining at least two local real estate brokers to inspect the
property and provide an estimate of repairs needed and a recommended list price.
Repairs are performed if it is determined that they will increase the net
liquidation proceeds and speed of disposal.
If the property is not vacated when it is acquired, a local attorney will be
hired to commence eviction proceedings. Once it has listed a foreclosed
property, the REO Property department will follow up closely with the listing
agent to ensure that the collateral is secure and that it is being aggressively
marketed.
The Servicer outsources the tracking and follow up on homeowner's insurance
and property taxes. Expiration lists on homeowner insurance are provided on a
biweekly basis to the Servicer by the service provider. When insurance policies
lapse, a letter is mailed to the borrower, advising that coverage has lapsed and
in the absence of a new policy, that the Servicer will obtain a force-placed
insurance policy at the borrower's expense. The Servicer has a master policy
with the force-placed provider which protects against errors and omissions with
a blanket policy covering the Servicer's balance on the loan.
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, the Servicer will be required to
service the Home Equity Loans in accordance with the servicing standards and
other terms set forth in the Agreement.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES
GENERAL
Each Series of Notes will be issued pursuant to an indenture (the
"Indenture") between the related Trust Fund and the entity named in the related
Prospectus Supplement as trustee (the "Trustee") with respect to such Series. A
form of Indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of
which this Prospectus forms a part. The Certificates will also be issued in
Series pursuant to separate agreements (each, a "Pooling and Servicing
Agreement" or a "Trust Agreement") among the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer
and the Trustee. A form of Pooling and Servicing Agreement has been filed as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus forms a part. A
Series may consist of both Notes and Certificates.
The following summaries describe the material provisions in the Agreements
common to each Series of Securities. The summaries do not purport to be complete
and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, the
provisions of the Agreements and the Prospectus Supplement relating to each
Series of Securities. Where particular provisions or terms used in the
Agreements are referred to, the actual provisions (including definitions of
terms) are incorporated herein by reference as part of such summaries.
Each Series of Securities will consist of one or more Classes of Securities,
one or more of which may be Compound Interest Securities, Variable Interest
Securities, PAC Securities, Zero Coupon Securities, Principal Only Securities or
Interest Only Securities (each of which is generally described in the "INDEX OF
DEFINED TERMS"). A Series may also include one or more Classes of Subordinate
Securities. The Securities of each Series will be issued only in fully
registered form, without coupons, in the authorized denominations for each Class
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Upon satisfaction of the
conditions, if any, applicable to a Class of a Series, as described in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the transfer of the Securities may be registered
and the Securities may be exchanged at the office of the Trustee specified in
the Prospectus Supplement without the payment of any service charge other than
any tax or governmental charge payable in connection with such registration of
transfer or exchange. If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or
more Classes of a Series may be available in book-entry form only.
Payments of principal of and interest on a Series of Securities will be made
on the Distribution Dates specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (which
may be different for each Class or for the payment of principal and interest) by
check mailed to Holders of such Series, registered as such at the close of
business on the record date specified in the related Prospectus Supplement
applicable to such Distribution Dates at their addresses appearing on the
security register, except that (a) payments may be made by wire transfer (which,
unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, shall be at the
expense of the Holder requesting payment by wire transfer) in certain
circumstances described in the related Prospectus Supplement and (b) final
payments of principal in retirement of each Security will be made only upon
presentation and surrender of such Security at the office of the Trustee
specified in the Prospectus Supplement. Notice of the final payment on a
Security will be mailed to the Holder of such Security before the Distribution
Date on which the final principal payment on any Security is expected to be made
to the holder of such Security.
Payments of principal of and interest on the Securities will be made by the
Trustee, or a paying agent on behalf of the Trustee, as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. All payments with respect to the Home Equity Loans for a
Series, together with reinvestment income thereon, amounts withdrawn from any
Reserve Fund, and amounts available pursuant to any other Enhancement will be
deposited into the Collection Account or the Certificate Account as specified in
the related Agreement. If provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, such
amounts may be net of certain amounts payable to the Servicer and any other
person specified in the Prospectus Supplement. Such amounts thereafter may be
deposited into the Distribution Account and will be available to make payments
on the
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Securities of such Series on the next applicable Distribution Date. See "THE
TRUST FUNDS--Collection, Certificate and Distribution Accounts."
BOOK-ENTRY SECURITIES
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more Classes of
Securities may be issued in book-entry form (the "Book-Entry
Securities").Persons acquiring beneficial ownership interests in the Book-Entry
Securities ("Owners") will hold their Securities through The Depository Trust
Company("DTC") in the United States, or Cedelbank ("Cedel") or the Euroclear
System ("Euroclear") (in Europe) if they are participants of such systems, or
indirectly through organizations which are participants in such systems. The
Book-Entry Securities will be issued in one or more certificates which equal the
aggregate principal balance of the applicable Class or Classes of Securities and
will initially be registered in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of DTC.
Cedel and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of their participants
through customers' securities accounts in Cedel's and Euroclear's names on the
books of their respective depositories which in turn will hold such positions in
customers' securities accounts in the depositories' names on the books of DTC.
Citibank N.A. ("Citibank") will act as depository for Cedel and The Chase
Manhattan Bank ("Chase") will act as depository for Euroclear (in such
capacities, individually the "Relevant Depository" and collectively the
"European Depositories"). Except as described below, no person acquiring a
Book-Entry Security will be entitled to receive a physical certificate
representing such Security (a "Definitive Security"). Unless and until
Definitive Securities are issued, it is anticipated that the only
"Certificateholder" or Noteholder, as applicable, will be Cede & Co., as nominee
of DTC. Owners are only permitted to exercise their rights indirectly through
Participants and DTC.
The Owner's ownership of a Book-Entry Security will be recorded on the
records of the brokerage firm, bank, thrift institution or other financial
intermediary (each, a "Financial Intermediary") that maintains the beneficial
owner's account for such purpose. In turn, the Financial Intermediary's
ownership of such Book-Entry Security will be recorded on the records of DTC (or
of a participating firm that acts as agent for the Financial Intermediary, whose
interest will in turn he recorded on the records of DTC, if the beneficial
owner's Financial Intermediary is not a DTC participant and on the records of
Cedel or Euroclear, as appropriate).
Owners will receive all distributions of principal of, and interest on, the
Book-Entry Securities from the Trustee through DTC and DTC participants. While
the Book-Entry Securities are outstanding (except under the circumstances
described below), under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and
affecting DTC and its operations (the "Rules"), DTC is required to make
book-entry transfers among Participants on whose behalf it acts with respect to
the Securities and is required to receive and transmit distributions of
principal of, and interest on, the Securities. Participants and indirect
participants with whom Certificate Owners have accounts with respect to
Securities are similarly required to make book-entry transfers and receive and
transmit such distributions on behalf of their respective Owners. Accordingly,
although Owners will not possess certificates, the Rules provide a mechanism by
which Owners will receive distributions and will be able to transfer their
interest.
Owners will not receive or be entitled to receive certificates representing
their respective interests in the Securities, except under the limited
circumstances described below. Unless and until Definitive Securities are
issued, Owners who are not Participants may transfer ownership of Securities
only through Participants and indirect participants by instructing such
Participants and indirect participants to transfer Securities, by book-entry
transfer, through DTC for the account of the purchasers of such Securities,
which account is maintained with their respective Participants. Under the
Rules and in accordance with DTC's normal procedures, transfers of ownership of
Securities will be executed through DTC and the accounts of the respective
Participants at DTC will be debited and credited. Similarly, the Participants
and indirect participants will make debits or credits, as the case may be, on
their records on behalf of the selling and purchasing Owners.
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Because of time zone differences, credits of securities received in Cedel or
Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a Participant will be made during
subsequent securities settlement processing and dated the business day following
the DTC settlement date. Such credits or any transactions in such securities
settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or
Cedel Participants on such business day. Cash received in Cedel or Euroclear as
a result of sales of securities by or through a Cedel Participant (as defined
below) or Euroclear Participant (as defined below) to a DTC Participant will be
received with value on the DTC settlement date but will be available in the
relevant Cedel or Euroclear cash account only as of the business day following
settlement in DTC.
Transfers between Participants will occur in accordance with DTC rules.
Transfers between Cedel Participants and Euroclear Participants will occur in
accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.
Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly
through DTC, on the one hand, and directly or indirectly through Cedel
Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in
accordance with DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international
clearing system by the Relevant Depository; however, such cross market
transactions will require delivery of instructions to the relevant European
international clearing system by the counterparty in such system in accordance
with its rules and procedures and within its established deadlines (European
time). The relevant European international clearing system will, if the
transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to the
Relevant Depository to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by
delivering or receiving securities in DTC, and making or receiving payment in
accordance with normal procedures for same day funds settlement applicable to
DTC. Cedel Participants and Euroclear Participants may not deliver instructions
directly to the European Depositories.
DTC, which is a New York-chartered limited purpose trust company, performs
services for its participants, some of which (and/or their representatives) own
DTC. In accordance with its normal procedures, DTC is expected to record the
positions held by each DTC participant in the Book-Entry Certificates, whether
held for its own account or as a nominee for another person. In general,
beneficial ownership of Book-Entry Certificates will be subject to the rules,
regulations and procedures governing DTC and DTC participants as in effect from
time to time.
Cedel is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg as a professional
depository. Cedel holds securities for its participating organizations ("Cedel
Participants") and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions between Cedel Participants through electronic book-entry changes in
accounts of Cedel Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical
movement of certificates. Transactions may be settled in Cedel in any of 28
currencies, including United States dollars. Cedel provides to its Cedel
Participants, among other things, services for safekeeping, administration,
clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and securities
lending and borrowing. Cedel interfaces with domestic markets in several
countries. As a professional depository, Cedel is subject to regulation by the
Luxembourg Monetary Institute. Cedel participants are recognized financial
institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities brokers and
dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Indirect access to Cedel is also available to others, such as
banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a
custodial relationship with a Cedel Participant, either directly or indirectly.
Euroclear was created in 1968 to hold securities for its participants
("Euroclear Participants") and to clear and settle transactions between
Euroclear Participants through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery
against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of
certificates and any risk from lack of simultaneous transfers of securities and
cash. Transactions may be settled in any of 32 currencies, including United
States dollars. Euroclear includes various other services, including securities
lending and borrowing and interfaces with domestic markets in several countries
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generally similar to the arrangements for cross-market transfers with DTC
described above. Euroclear is operated by the Brussels, Belgium office of Morgan
Guaranty Trust Company of New York (the "Euroclear Operator"), under contract
with Euroclear Clearance Systems S.C., a Belgian cooperative corporation (the
"Cooperative"). All operations are conducted by the Euroclear Operator, and all
Euroclear securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts
with the Euroclear Operator, not the Cooperative. The Cooperative establishes
policy for Euroclear on behalf of Euroclear participants. Euroclear Participants
include banks (including central banks), securities brokers and dealers and
other professional financial intermediaries. Indirect access to Euroclear is
also available to other firms that clear through or maintain a custodial
relationship with a Euroclear Participant, either directly or indirectly.
The Euroclear Operator is the Belgian branch of a New York banking
corporation which is a member bank of the Federal Reserve System. As such, it is
regulated and examined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
and the New York State Banking Department, as well as the Belgian Banking
Commission.
Securities clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear Operator
are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and the
related Operating Procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian law
(collectively, the "Terms and Conditions"). The Terms and Conditions govern
transfers of securities and cash within Euroclear, withdrawals of securities and
cash from Euroclear, and receipts of payments with respect to securities in
Euroclear. All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis without
attribution of specific certificates to specific securities clearance accounts.
The Euroclear Operator acts under the Terms and Conditions only on behalf of
Euroclear Participants, and has no record of or relationship with persons
holding through Euroclear Participants.
Distributions on the Book-Entry Securities will be made on each Distribution
Date by the Trustee to DTC. DTC will be responsible for crediting the amount of
such payments to the accounts of the applicable DTC participants in accordance
with DTC's normal procedures. Each DTC Participant will be responsible for
disbursing such payments to the Owners that it represents and to each Financial
Intermediary for which it acts as agent. Each such Financial Intermediary will
be responsible for disbursing funds to the Owners that it represents.
Under a book-entry format, Owners may experience some delay in their receipt
of payments, since such payments will be forwarded by the Trustee to Cede.
Distributions with respect to Securities held through Cedel or Euroclear will be
credited to the cash accounts of Cedel Participants or Euroclear Participants in
accordance with the relevant system's rules and procedures, to the extent
received by the Relevant Depository. Such distributions will be subject to tax
reporting in accordance with relevant United States tax laws and regulations.
Because DTC can only act on behalf of Financial Intermediaries, the ability of
an Owner to pledge Book-Entry Securities to persons or entities that do not
participate in the Depository system, or otherwise take actions in respect of
such Book-Entry Securities, may be limited due to the lack of physical
certificates for such Book-Entry Securities. In addition, issuance of the
Book-Entry Securities in book-entry form may reduce the liquidity of such
Securities in the secondary market since certain potential investors may be
unwilling to purchase Securities for which they cannot obtain physical
certificates.
Monthly and annual reports on the applicable Trust Fund will be provided to
Cede, as nominee of DTC, and may be made available by Cede to Owners upon
request, in accordance with the rules, regulations and procedures creating and
affecting the Depository, and to the Financial Intermediaries to whose DTC
accounts the Book-Entry Securities of such Owners are credited.
DTC has advised the Trustee that, unless and until Definitive Securities are
issued, DTC will take any action permitted to be taken by the holders of the
Book-Entry Securities under the Agreement only at the direction of one or more
Financial Intermediaries to whose DTC accounts the Book-Entry
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Securities are credited, to the extent that such actions are taken on behalf of
Financial Intermediaries whose holdings include such Book-Entry Securities.
Cedel or the Euroclear Operator, as the case may be, will take any other action
permitted to be taken by a Holder under the Agreement on behalf of a Cedel
Participant or Euroclear Participant only in accordance with its relevant
rules and procedures and subject to the ability of the Relevant Depository to
effect such actions on its behalf through DTC. DTC may take actions, at the
direction of the related Participants, with respect to some Securities which
conflict with actions taken with respect to other Securities.
Definitive Securities will be issued to Owners, or their nominees, rather
than to DTC, only if (a) DTC or the Seller advises the Trustee in writing that
DTC is no longer willing, qualified or able to discharge properly its
responsibilities as nominee and depository with respect to the Book-Entry
Securities and the Seller or the Trustee is unable to locate a qualified
successor, (b) the Seller, at its sole option, elects to terminate a book-entry
system through DTC or (c) after the occurrence of an Event of Default (as
defined herein), Owners owning a majority in principal amount of the applicable
Securities advise the Trustee and DTC through the Financial Intermediaries and
the DTC participants in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system
through DTC (or a successor thereto) is no longer in the best interests of
Owners.
Upon the occurrence of any of the events described in the immediately
preceding paragraph, the Trustee will be required to notify all applicable
Owners of the occurrence of such event and the availability through DTC of
Definitive Securities. Upon surrender by DTC of the global certificate or
certificates representing the Book-Entry Securities and instructions for
re-registration, the Trustee will issue Definitive Securities, and thereafter
the Trustee will recognize the holders of such Definitive Securities as
Certificateholders or Noteholders, as applicable, under the Agreement.
Although DTC, Cedel and Euroclear have agreed to the foregoing procedures in
order to facilitate transfers of Securities among participants of DTC, Cedel and
Euroclear, they are under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such
procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
Neither the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer nor the Trustee will have
any responsibility for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on
account of beneficial ownership interests of the Book-Entry Securities held by
Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any
records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.
VALUATION OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement for a Series of Notes,
each Home Equity Loan included in the related Trust Fund for a Series will be
assigned an initial "Asset Value." Generally, the related Agreement will specify
that at any time the Asset Value of the Home Equity Loans will be equal to the
product of the Asset Value Percentage as set forth in the Indenture and the
lesser of (a) the stream of remaining regularly scheduled payments on the Home
Equity Loans, net, of certain amounts payable as expenses, together with income
earned on each such scheduled payment received through the day preceding the
next Distribution Date at the Assumed Reinvestment Rate, if any, discounted to
present value at the highest interest rate on the Notes of such Series over
periods equal to the interval between payments on the Notes, and (b) the then
principal balance of the Home Equity Loans. Generally, the related Agreement
will specify that, the initial Asset Value of the Home Equity Loans will be at
least equal to the principal amount of the Notes of the related Series at the
date of issuance thereof.
The "Assumed Reinvestment Rate," if any, for a Series will be the highest
rate permitted by the Rating Agency or a rate insured by means of a surety bond,
guaranteed investment contract, or other arrangement satisfactory to the Rating
Agency. If the Assumed Reinvestment Rate is so insured, the related Prospectus
Supplement will set forth the terms of such arrangement.
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PAYMENTS OF INTEREST
The Securities of each Class by their terms entitled to receive interest
will bear interest (which is generally calculated, on the basis of a 360 day
year of twelve 30-day months) from the date and at the rate per annum specified,
or calculated in the method described, in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Interest on such Securities of a Series will be payable on the Distribution Date
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. If so specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the Distribution Date for the payment of interest of a
Class may be different from, or occur more or less frequently than, the
Distribution Date for the payment of principal of such Class. The rate of
interest on Securities of a Series may be variable or may change with changes in
the annual percentage rates of the Home Equity Loans included in the related
Trust Fund and/or as prepayments occur with respect to such Home Equity Loans.
Principal Only Securities may not be entitled to receive any interest
distributions or may be entitled to receive only nominal interest distributions.
Any interest on Zero Coupon Securities that is not paid on the related
Distribution Date will accrue and be added to the principal thereof on such
Distribution Date.
Interest payable on the Securities on a Distribution Date will include all
interest accrued during the period specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. In the event interest accrues during the calendar month preceding a
Distribution Date, the effective yield to Holders will be reduced from the yield
that would otherwise be obtainable if interest payable on the Securities were to
accrue through the day immediately preceding such Distribution Date.
PAYMENTS OF PRINCIPAL
On each Distribution Date for a Series, principal payments will be made to
the Holders of the Securities of such Series on which principal is then payable,
to the extent set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. Such payments will
be made in an aggregate amount determined as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement and will be allocated among the respective Classes of a Series in the
manner, at the times and in the priority set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The Holders of one or more Classes of Securities may have the right
to request that principal distributions allocable to such Holder's Class of
Securities be distributed to such Holder. If the requests of Holders exceed the
amount of principal to be distributed, the requests generally will be filled in
the order in which they were received. If the amount of principal to be
distributed exceeds the amount of requests, the Trustee will select random lots
of $1,000 each to receive such principal distribution. Thus, some Holders of the
applicable Class of Securities may receive no principal distributions or a
disproportionate amount of such principal distributions. If so specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the Distribution Date for the payment of
principal of a Class maybe different from, or occur more or less frequently
than, the Distribution Date for the payment of interest for such Class.
FINAL SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTION DATE
The Final Scheduled Distribution Date with respect to each Class of Notes is
the date no later than the date on which the principal thereof will be fully
paid and with respect to each Class of Certificates will be the date on which
the entire aggregate principal balance of such Class is expected to be reduced
to zero, in each case calculated on the basis of the assumptions applicable to
such Series described in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Final Scheduled
Distribution Date for each Class of a Series will be specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Since payments on the Home Equity Loans will be used to
make distributions in reduction of the outstanding principal amount of the
Securities, it is likely that the actual final Distribution Date of any such
Class will occur earlier, and may occur substantially earlier, than its Final
Scheduled Distribution Date. Furthermore, with respect to a Series of
Certificates, as a result of delinquencies, defaults and liquidations of the
Home Equity Loans in the Trust Fund, the actual final Distribution Date of any
Certificate may occur later than its
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Final Scheduled Distribution Date. No assurance can be given as to the actual
prepayment experience with respect to a Series. See "--Weighted Average Life of
the Securities" below.
SPECIAL REDEMPTION
If so specified in the Prospectus Supplement relating to a Series of
Securities having other than monthly Distribution Dates, one or more Classes of
Securities of such Series may be subject to special redemption, in whole or in
part, on the day specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (a "Special
Redemption Date") if, as a consequence of prepayments on the Home Equity Loans
relating to such Securities or low yields then available for reinvestment the
entity specified in the related Prospectus Supplement determines, based on
assumptions specified in the applicable Agreement, that the amount available for
the payment of interest that will have accrued on such Securities (the
"Available Interest Amount") through the designated interest accrual date
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement is less than the amount of
interest that will have accrued on such Securities to such date. In such event
and as further described in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Trustee will
redeem a principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series as will cause
the Available Interest Amount to equal the amount of interest that will have
accrued through such designated interest accrual date for such Series of
Securities outstanding immediately after such redemption.
WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIFE OF THE SECURITIES
Weighted average life refers to the average amount of time that will elapse
from the date of issue of a security until each dollar of principal of such
security will be repaid to the investor. Generally, the weighted average life of
a Class of the Securities will be influenced by the rate at which the amount
financed under the Home Equity Loans included in the Trust Fund for a Series is
paid, which may be in the form of scheduled amortization or prepayments.
Prepayments on loans and other receivables can be measured relative to a
prepayment standard or model. The Prospectus Supplement for a Series of
Securities will describe the prepayment standard or model, if any, used and may
contain tables setting forth the weighted average life of each Class of
Securities of such Series, and the percentage of the original principal amount
of each Class of Securities of such Series that would be outstanding on
specified Distribution Dates for such Series, in each case based on the
assumptions stated in such Prospectus Supplement, including assumptions that
prepayments on the Home Equity Loans included in the related Trust Fund are made
at rates corresponding to various percentages of the prepayment standard or
model specified in such Prospectus Supplement.
There is, however, no assurance that prepayment of the Home Equity Loans
included in the related Trust Fund will conform to any level of any prepayment
standard or model specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. The rate of
principal prepayments on pools of loans may be influenced by a variety of
factors, including job related factors such as transfers, layoffs or promotions
and personal factors such as divorce, disability or prolonged illness. Economic
conditions, either generally or within a particular geographic area or industry,
also may affect the rate of principal prepayments. Demographic and social
factors may influence the rate of principal prepayments in that some borrowers
have greater financial flexibility to move or refinance than do other borrowers.
The deductibility of mortgage interest payments, and servicing decisions also
affect the rate of principal prepayments. As a result, there can be no assurance
as to the rate or timing of principal prepayments of the Home Equity Loans
either from time to time or over the lives of such Home Equity Loans.
The rate of prepayments of conventional housing loans and other receivables
has fluctuated significantly in recent years. In general, however, if prevailing
interest rates fall significantly below the interest rates on the Home Equity
Loans for a Series, such loans are likely to prepay at rates higher than if
prevailing interest rates remain at or above the interest rates borne by such
loans. In this
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regard, it should be noted that the Home Equity Loans for a Series may have
different interest rates. In addition, the weighted average life of the
Securities may be affected by the varying maturities of the Home Equity Loans.
If any Home Equity Loans for a Series have actual terms-to-stated maturity of
less than those assumed in calculating the Final Scheduled Distribution Date of
the related Securities, one or more Classes of the Series may be fully paid
prior to their respective Final Scheduled Distribution Date, even in the absence
of prepayments and a reinvestment return higher than the Assumed Reinvestment
Rate.
THE TRUST FUNDS
GENERAL
The Notes of each Series will be secured by the pledge of the assets of the
related Trust Fund, and the Certificates of each Series will represent interests
in the assets of the related Trust Fund. The Trust Fund of each Series will
include (i) the Home Equity Loans, (ii) amounts available from the reinvestment
of payments on such Home Equity Loans at the Assumed Reinvestment Rate, if any,
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, (iii) any Enhancement or the
rights thereto, (iv) any Mortgaged Property that secured a Home Equity Loan but
which is acquired by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure or repossession
and (v) the amount, if any, initially deposited in the Pre-Funding Account,
Capitalized Interest Account, Collection Account, Certificate Account or
Distribution Account for a Series as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
The Securities will be non-recourse obligations of the related Trust Fund.
The assets of the Trust Fund specified in the related Prospectus Supplement for
a Series of Securities, will serve as collateral only for that Series of
Securities unless the related Prospectus Supplement specifies that such assets
will serve as collateral for another Series. Holders of a Series of Notes may
only proceed against such collateral securing such Series of Notes in the case
of a default with respect to such Series of Notes and may not proceed against
any assets of the Depositor, Seller or the related Trust Fund not pledged to
secure such Notes.
The Home Equity Loans for a Series will be transferred by the Seller to the
Depositor and from the Depositor to the Trust Fund. Home Equity Loans relating
to a Series will be master serviced by the Servicer pursuant to a Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, with respect to a Series consisting of only Certificates or
a Sale and Servicing Agreement (each, a "Sale and Servicing Agreement") between
the Depositor, the Seller, the Trust Fund, the and the Servicer, with respect to
a Series that includes Notes.
As used herein, "Agreement" means, with respect to a Series of Certificates,
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Trust Agreement, and with respect to a
Series that includes Notes, the Indenture and the Sale and Servicing Agreement,
as the context requires.
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Trust Fund relating
to a Series of Securities may be a business trust formed under the laws of the
state specified in the related Prospectus Supplement pursuant to a trust
agreement (each, a "Trust Agreement") between the Seller and the Trustee of such
Trust Fund specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
With respect to each Trust Fund, prior to the initial offering of the
related Series of Securities, the Trust Fund will have no assets or liabilities.
No Trust Fund is expected to engage in any activities other than acquiring,
managing and holding the related Home Equity Loans and other assets contemplated
herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement and the proceeds thereof,
issuing Securities and making payments and distributions thereon and certain
related activities. No Trust Fund is expected to have any source of capital
other than its assets and any related Enhancement.
An Agreement may provide that additional Home Equity Loans may be added to
the Trust Fund if such Home Equity Loans were originated by the Seller in the
ordinary course of its business, the inclusion of such Home Equity Loans will
maintain or increase the level of overcollateralization and
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the inclusion of such Home Equity Loans will not result in the withdrawal or
downgrading of the ratings then assigned to the Securities of the related
Series. In addition, an Agreement may provide that Home Equity Loans may be
removed from a Trust Fund from time to time if the actual level of
overcollateralization exceeds the amount of overcollateralization required to be
maintained and such removal will not result in the withdrawal or downgrading of
the ratings then assigned to the Securities of the related Series.
THE HOME EQUITY LOANS
The Home Equity Loans for a Series may consist, in whole or in part, of
closed-end home equity loans (the "Home Equity Loans") secured by first or
second mortgages primarily on Single Family Mortgaged Properties which may be
subordinated to other mortgages on the same Mortgaged Property. The Home Equity
Loans may have fixed interest rates or adjustable interest rates and may provide
for other payment characteristics as described below.
The full principal amount of a Home Equity Loan is advanced at origination
of the loan and generally is repayable in equal (or substantially equal)
installments of an amount sufficient to fully amortize such loan at its stated
maturity. As more fully described in the related Prospectus Supplement, interest
on each Home Equity Loan is calculated on the basis of the outstanding principal
balance of such loan multiplied by the Home Equity Loan Rate thereon and, in the
case of simple interest loans, further multiplied by a fraction, the numerator
of which is the number of days in the period elapsed since the preceding payment
of interest was made and the denominator is the number of days in the annual
period for which interest accrues on such loan. Interest on Home Equity Loans
also may be calculated on the actuarial basis, in which case each monthly
payment consists of a decreasing amount of interest and an increasing amount of
principal, and the payment either earlier or later then the due date therefor
will not affect the relative applications of principal and interest. The Home
Equity Loans for a Series may include Home Equity Loans that do not amortize
their entire principal balance by their stated maturity in accordance with their
terms and require a balloon payment of the remaining principal balance at
maturity, as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. The original terms
to stated maturity of Home Equity Loans will generally not exceed 360 months.
The Mortgaged Properties will include Single Family Property (i.e., one- to
four-family residential housing, including Condominium Units and Cooperative
Dwellings) and may include mixed-use property. Mixed-use properties will consist
of structures of no more than three stories, which include one to four
residential dwelling units and space used for retail, professional or other
commercial uses. Such uses, which will not involve more than 50% of the space in
the structure, may include doctor, dentist or law offices, real estate agencies,
boutiques, newsstands, convenience stores or other similar types of uses
intended to cater to individual customers as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The properties may be located in suburban or metropolitan districts.
Any such non-residential use will be in compliance with local zoning laws and
regulations. The Mortgaged Properties may consist of detached individual
dwellings, individual condominiums, townhouses, duplexes, row houses, individual
units in planned unit developments and other attached dwelling units. The
Mortgaged Properties also may include module or manufactured homes which are
treated as real estate under local law. Except for Condominium Units and
Cooperative Dwellings, each Single Family Property will be located on land owned
in fee simple by the borrower or on land leased by the borrower for a term at
least as long as the term of the related Home Equity Loan. Attached dwellings
may include owner-occupied structures where each borrower owns the land upon
which the unit is built, with the remaining adjacent land owned in common or
dwelling units subject to a proprietary lease or occupancy agreement in a
cooperatively owned apartment building. Mortgages on Cooperative Dwellings
consist of a lien on the shares issued by such Cooperative Dwelling and the
proprietary lease or occupancy agreement relating to such Cooperative Dwelling.
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The aggregate principal balance of Home Equity Loans secured by Mortgaged
Properties that are owner-occupied will be disclosed in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The sole basis for determining that a given percentage of the Home
Equity Loans are secured by Single Family Property that is owner-occupied will
be either (i) the making of an oral representation by the Mortgagor at
origination of the Home Equity Loan either that the underlying Mortgaged
Property will be used by the Mortgagor for a period of at least six months every
year or that the Mortgagor intends to use the Mortgaged Property as a primary
residence, or (ii) a finding that the address of the underlying Mortgaged
Property is the Mortgagor's mailing address as reflected in the Servicer's or
the applicable Sub-Servicer's records. The Mortgaged Properties also may include
non-owner occupied investment properties and vacation and second homes.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. The related Prospectus Supplement for each Series
will provide information with respect to the Home Equity Loans that are Home
Equity Loans as of the Cut-off Date, including, among other things, and to the
extent relevant: (a) the aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Home Equity
Loans (b) the range and weighted average Home Equity Loan Rate on the Home
Equity Loans, and, in the case of adjustable rate Home Equity Loans, the range
and weighted average of the current Home Equity Loan Rates and the Lifetime Rate
Caps, if any; (c) the range and average outstanding principal balance of the
Home Equity Loans; (d) the weighted average original and remaining
term-to-stated maturity of the Home Equity Loans and the range of original and
remaining terms-to-stated maturity, if applicable; (e) the range and weighted
average of Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios for the Home Equity Loans; (f) the
percentage (by outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date) of Home
Equity Loans that accrue interest at adjustable or fixed interest rates;
(g) any special hazard insurance policy or bankruptcy bond or other enhancement
relating to the Home Equity Loans; (h) the geographic distribution of the
Mortgaged Properties securing the Home Equity Loans; (i) the percentage of Home
Equity Loans (by principal balance as of the Cut-off Date) that are secured by
Single Family Mortgaged Properties, shares relating to Cooperative Dwellings,
Condominium Units, investment property and vacation or second homes; (j) the
lien priority of the Home Equity Loans; and (k) the delinquency status and year
of origination of the Home Equity Loans. The related Prospectus Supplement will
also specify any other limitations on the types or characteristics of Home
Equity Loans for a Series. No more than 5% of the aggregate Home Equity Loans as
they will be constituted on the Closing Date will deviate in any respect from
the Home Equity Loan pool characteristics that are described herein in the
Prospectus Supplement.
If information of the nature described above respecting the Home Equity
Loans is not known to the Seller at the time the Securities are initially
offered, approximate or more general information of the nature described above
will be provided in the Prospectus Supplement and additional information will be
set forth in a Current Report on Form 8-K to be available to investors on the
date of issuance of the related Series and to be filed with the Commission
within 15 days after the initial issuance of such Securities.
COLLECTION, CERTIFICATE AND DISTRIBUTION ACCOUNTS
A separate Collection Account or Certificate Account will be established for
each Series of Securities for receipt of all amounts received on or with respect
to the Home Equity Loans. Certain amounts on deposit in such Collection Account
and certain amounts available pursuant to any Enhancement, as provided in the
related Prospectus Supplement, may be deposited in one or more Distribution
Accounts. Funds in the Collection, Certificate and Distribution Accounts
generally will be invested in Eligible Investments maturing, with certain
exceptions, not later, in the case of funds in the Collection Account, than the
day preceding the date such funds are due to be deposited in the Distribution
Account or otherwise distributed and, in the case of funds in the Distribution
Account and the Certificate Account, than the day preceding the next
Distribution Date for the related Series of Securities.
WE REFER YOU TO "--ELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS" BELOW FOR MORE DETAIL.
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PRE-FUNDING AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST ACCOUNTS
If specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Trust Fund will include
one or more segregated trust accounts (each, a "Pre-Funding Account")
established and maintained with the Trustee for the related Series. If so
specified, on the closing date for such Series, a portion of the proceeds of the
sale of the Securities of such Series not to exceed fifty percent of the
aggregate principal amount of such Series (such amount, the "Pre-Funded Amount")
may be deposited in the Pre-Funding Account and may be used to purchase
additional Home Equity Loans during the period of time not to exceed six months
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement (the "Pre-Funding Period").
Pending the purchase of such additional Home Equity Loans, funds deposited in
the Pre-Funding Account will be invested in Eligible Investments. If any
Pre-Funded Amount remains on deposit in the Pre-Funding Account at the end of
the Pre-Funding Period, such amount will be applied in the manner specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement to prepay the Notes and/or the Certificates of
the applicable Series.
Each additional Home Equity Loan must satisfy the eligibility criteria
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement and related Agreements. Such
eligibility criteria will be determined in consultation with each Rating Agency
(and/or any Enhancer) prior to the issuance of the related Series and are
designed to ensure that if such additional Home Equity Loans were included as
part of the initial Home Equity Loans, the credit quality of such assets would
be consistent with the initial rating the Securities of such Series. The
eligibility criteria will apply to the pool of Home Equity Loans, including the
subsequent Home Equity Loans, and will include a minimum weighted average
interest rate, a maximum weighted average remaining term to maturity and a
maximum weighted average Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio. Depending on the
composition of the original Home Equity Loans and the type of Enhancement,
additional eligibility criteria such as a minimum interest rate, a maximum
principal balance, a limitation on geographic concentration and a limit on
certain types of Home Equity Loans such as Balloon Loans or loans secured by
other than primary residences. The Seller will certify to the Trustee that all
conditions precedent to the transfer of the additional Home Equity Loans,
including the satisfaction of the eligibility criteria to the Trust Fund, have
been satisfied. It is a condition to the transfer of any additional Home Equity
Loans to the Trust Fund that each Rating Agency, after receiving prior notice of
the proposed transfer of the additional Home Equity Loans to the Trust Fund,
shall not have advised the Seller or the Trustee or any Enhancer that the
conveyance of such additional Home Equity Loans will result in a qualification,
modification or withdrawal of its then current rating of any Class of Notes or
Certificates of such Series. Following the transfer of additional Home Equity
Loans to the Trust Fund, the aggregate characteristics of the Home Equity Loans
then held in the Trust Fund may vary from those of the initial Home Equity Loans
of such Trust Fund. As a result, the additional Home Equity Loans may adversely
affect the performance of the related Securities.
If a Pre-Funding Account is established, one or more segregated trust
accounts (each, a "Capitalized Interest Account") may be established and
maintained with the Trustee for the related Series. On the closing date for such
Series, a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the Securities of such Series
will be deposited in the Capitalized Interest Account and used to fund the
excess, if any, of the sum of (i) the amount of interest accrued on the
Securities of such Series and (ii) if specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, certain fees or expenses during the Pre-Funding Period such as
Trustee fees and credit enhancement fees, over the amount of interest available
therefor from the Home Equity Loans in the Trust Fund. If so specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, amounts on deposit in the Capitalized Interest
Account may be released to the Seller prior to the end of the Pre-Funding Period
subject to the satisfaction of certain tests specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Any amounts on deposit in the Capitalized Interest Account at the
end of the Pre-Funding Period that are not necessary for such purposes will be
distributed to the person specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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ELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS
Each Agreement generally will define Eligible Investments to include the
following:
(i) direct obligations of, or obligations fully guaranteed as to timely
payment of principal and interest by, the United States or any agency or
instrumentality thereof, provided that such obligations are backed by the
full faith and credit of the United States;
(ii) purchase agreements on obligations specified in clause (i) maturing
not more than three months from the date of acquisition thereof, provided
that the short-term unsecured debt obligations of the party agreeing to
repurchase such obligations are at the time rated by each Rating Agency in
its highest short-term rating category;
(iii) certificates of deposit, time deposits and bankers' acceptances of
any U.S. depository institution or trust company incorporated under the laws
of the United States or any state thereof and subject to supervision and
examination by federal and/or state banking authorities, provided that the
unsecured short-term debt obligations of such depository institution or
trust company at the date of acquisition thereof have been rated by each
Rating Agency in its highest unsecured short-term debt rating category;
(iv) commercial paper (having original maturities of not more than
90 days) of any corporation incorporated under the laws of the United States
or any state thereof which on the date of acquisition has been rated by each
Rating Agency in their highest short-term rating categories;
(v) short-term investment funds ("STIFS") sponsored by any trust company
or national banking association incorporated under the laws of the United
States or any state thereof which on the date of acquisition has been rated
by each Rating Agency in their respective highest rating category of
long-term unsecured debt; and
(vi) interests in any money market fund which at the date of acquisition
of the interests in such fund and throughout the time as the interest is
held in such fund has a rating of "Aaa" by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.,
and either "AAAm" or "AAAm-G" by Standard & Poor's Ratings Group, a division
of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; provided that no instrument described
above may evidence either the right to receive (a) only interest with
respect to the obligations underlying such instrument or (b) both principal
and interest payments derived from obligations underlying such instrument
and the interest and principal payments with respect to such instrument
provided a yield to maturity at par greater than 120% of the yield to
maturity at par of the underlying obligations; and provided, further, that
no instrument described above may be purchased at a price greater than par
if such instrument may be prepaid or called at a priceless than its purchase
price prior to its stated maturity.
To the extent any such investment would require registration of the Trust
Fund as an investment company, such investment will not constitute an Eligible
Investment.
REVOLVING PERIOD AND AMORTIZATION PERIOD; RETAINED INTEREST
If the related Prospectus Supplement so provides, there may be a period
commencing on the date of issuance of a Class or Classes of Notes and/or
Certificates of a Series and ending on the date set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement (each, a "Revolving Period") during which limited or no
principal payments will be made to one or more Classes of Notes or Certificates
of the related Series as are identified in such Prospectus Supplement. Some or
all collections of principal otherwise allocated to such Classes of Notes or
Certificates may be (i) utilized during the Revolving Period to acquire
additional Home Equity Loans which satisfy the criteria specified above and the
criteria set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement, (ii) held in an account
and invested in Eligible Investments
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for later distribution to Securityholders, (iii) applied to those Notes or
Certificates for such Series, if any, specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement as then are in amortization, or (iv) otherwise applied as specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement.
An "Amortization Period" is the period during which an amount of principal
is payable to Holders of a Series which, during the Revolving Period, were not
otherwise entitled to such payments. If so specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, during an Amortization Period all or a portion of principal
collections on the Home Equity Loans may be applied as specified above for a
Revolving Period and, to the extent not so applied, will be distributed to the
Classes of Notes or Certificates for such Series specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement as then being entitled to payments of principal. In
addition, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, amounts
deposited in certain accounts for the benefit of one or more Classes of Notes or
Certificates for such Series may be released from time to time or on a specified
date and applied as a payment of principal on such Classes of Notes or
Certificates. The related Prospectus Supplement will set forth the circumstances
which will result in the commencement of an Amortization Period.
Each Series which has a Revolving Period may also issue to the Depositor or
one of its affiliates a certificate evidencing an undivided beneficial interest
(a "Retained Interest") in such Series not represented by the other Securities
issued by the Depositor. As further described in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the value of such Retained Interest will fluctuate as the amount of
Notes and Certificates of the related Series of Securities outstanding is
reduced.
ENHANCEMENT
The amounts and types of credit enhancement ("Enhancement") arrangements and
the provider thereof, if applicable, with respect to a Series or any Class of
Securities will be set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. If specified
in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, Enhancement for any Series of
Securities may cover one or more Classes of Notes or Certificates, and
accordingly may be exhausted for the benefit of a particular Class of Notes or
Certificates and thereafter be unavailable to such other Classes of Notes or
Certificates. Further information regarding any provider of credit enhancement,
including financial information when material, will be included in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
If and to the extent provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
Enhancement may include one or more of the following or any combination thereof:
A Financial Guaranty Insurance Policy, which will be issued by a
monoline insurance company and which, subject to the terms of such policy,
will guarantee timely payment of interest on, and ultimate (as opposed to
timely) payment of principal of, the applicable Class or Classes of
Securities;
Overcollateralization, which will equal the excess of the aggregate
principal balance of the Home Equity Loans over the aggregate principal
balance of the Securities. Overcollateralization may take the form of the
initial or subsequent deposit of Home Equity Loans to create such excess or
may build over time from the application of certain excess cash amounts
generated by the Home Equity Loans to accelerate the amortization of the
applicable Class or Classes of Securities;
A Letter of Credit, which will be issued by a bank or other financial
institution in a maximum amount which may be permanently reduced as draws
are made or may be replenished as previous draws are repaid from certain
excess cash amounts generated by the Home Equity Loans. Draws may be made to
cover shortfalls generally in collections, with respect to particular types
of shortfalls such as those due to particular types of losses or with
respect to specific situations such as shortfalls in amounts necessary to
pay current interest;
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Cash Reserve Fund which may be partially or fully funded on the date of
issuance or may be funded over time from certain excess cash amounts
generated by the Home Equity Loans. Withdrawals may be made in circumstances
similar to those for which draws may be made on a letter of credit;
Insurance Policies, which may insure a portion of the Home Equity Loans
against credit losses, bankruptcy losses, fraud losses or special hazard
losses not covered by typical homeowners insurance policies;
Subordinate Securities, which will be subordinated in the right to
receive distributions to one or more other Classes of Securities of the same
Series, some or all of which may themselves be subordinated to other Classes
of such Series. Subordination may be with respect to distributions of
interest, principal or both. In addition, all or portions of certain types
of losses on the Home Equity Loans may be allocated to one or more Classes
of the Subordinate Securities prior to the allocation thereof to other
Classes of Subordinate Certificates and/or the Senior Securities of the
applicable Series; or
Derivative Products which may include a swap to convert floating or
fixed rate payments, as applicable, on the Home Equity Loans into fixed or
floating rate payments, as applicable, on the Securities or a cap or floor
agreement intended to provide protection against changes in floating rates
of interest payable on the Home Equity Loans and/or the Securities.
The presence of Enhancement is intended to increase the likelihood of
receipt by the Certificateholders and the Noteholders of the full amount of
principal and interest due thereon and to decrease the likelihood that the
Certificateholders and the Noteholders will experience losses, or may be
structured to provide protection against changes in interest rates or against
other risks, to the extent and under the conditions specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Forms of Enhancement may provide for one or more Classes
of Securities to be paid in foreign currencies. The Enhancement for a Class of
Securities generally will not provide protection against all risks of loss and
may not guarantee repayment of the entire principal and interest thereon. If
losses occur which exceed the amount covered by any Enhancement or which are not
covered by any Enhancement, Securityholders will bear their allocable share of
deficiencies. In addition, if a form of Enhancement covers more than one Class
of Securities of a Series, Securityholders of any such Class will be subject to
the risk that such Enhancement will be exhausted by the claims of
Securityholders of other Classes.
THE AGREEMENTS
The following summaries describe the material provisions of the Agreements
common to each Series of Securities. The summaries do not purport to be complete
and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to the
provisions of the Agreements. Where particular provisions or terms used in the
Agreements are referred to, such provisions or terms are as specified in the
related Agreements.
GENERAL
At the time of issuance of the Securities of a Series, the Seller will
transfer, convey and assign to the Depositor and the Depositor will transfer,
convey and assign to the Trust Fund all right, title and interest of the Seller
and the Depositor, respective in the Home Equity Loans and other property to be
transferred to the Depositor and Trust Fund, respectively, for a Series. Such
assignment will include all principal and interest due or received on or with
respect to the Home Equity Loans after the Cut-off Date to the extent specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement (except for any Retained Interests). The
Trustee will, concurrently with such assignment, execute and deliver the
Securities.
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REPURCHASE AND SUBSTITUTION OF NON-CONFORMING HOME EQUITY LOANS
Pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and
Servicing Agreement, upon the discovery by the Depositor, the Seller, the
Enhancer, if any, the Servicer, any Sub-Servicer, any Holder, the Custodian (as
defined below) or the Trustee that the representations and warranties are untrue
in any material respect as of the Closing Date with the result that the
interests of the Holders or of the Enhancer are materially and adversely
affected, the party discovering such breach is required to give prompt written
notice to the other parties.
Upon the earliest to occur of the Seller's discovery or receipt of notice of
breach of a representation or warranty made by it with respect to a Home Equity
Loan from any of the other parties or such time as a situation resulting from an
existing statement which is untrue materially and adversely affects the
interests of the Holders or the Enhancer, if any, in such Home Equity Loan, the
Seller will be required promptly to cure such breach in all material respects or
the Seller shall on or prior to the second Monthly Remittance Date (as defined
below) next succeeding such discovery, such receipt of notice or such time
(i) substitute in lieu of each Home Equity Loan which has given rise to the
requirement for action by the Seller a "Qualified Replacement Mortgage" (as such
is defined in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing
Agreement) and deliver an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the outstanding
principal balance of the Home Equity Loan being replaced over the outstanding
principal balance of the replacement Home Equity Loan plus accrued and unpaid
interest and plus the amount of any Delinquency Advance and Servicing Advance
(the "Substitution Amount"), to the Trustee (to be deemed part of the
collections remitted by the Servicer on such Monthly Remittance Date) or
(ii) purchase such Home Equity Loan from the Trust at a purchase price equal to
the Loan Purchase Price (as defined below)thereof. Notwithstanding any provision
of the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement
to the contrary, with respect to any Home Equity Loan which is not in default or
as to which no default is reasonably foreseeable, no such repurchase or
substitution will be made unless the Seller obtains for the Trustee and any
Enhancer, if any, an opinion of counsel experienced in federal income tax
matters and acceptable to the Trustee and the Enhancer, if any, to the effect
that such a repurchase or substitution would not constitute a Prohibited
Transaction for the REMIC or otherwise subject the REMIC to tax and would not
jeopardize the status of the REMIC as such (a "REMIC Opinion"), addressed to the
Trustee and any Enhancer and acceptable to the Trustee and any Enhancer. The
Seller shall also deliver an Officer's Certificate to the Trustee and any
Enhancer concurrently with the delivery of a Qualified Replacement Mortgage
stating that such Home Equity Loan meets the requirements of a Qualified
Replacement Mortgage and that all other conditions to the substitution thereof
have been satisfied. Any Home Equity Loan as to which repurchase or substitution
was delayed pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and
Servicing Agreement shall be repurchased or substituted for (subject to
compliance with the provisions of the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or
Sale and Servicing Agreement) upon the earlier of (a) the occurrence of a
default or reasonably foreseeable default with respect to such Home Equity Loan
and (b) receipt by the Trustee and the Enhancer, if any, of a REMIC Opinion. In
connection with any breach of a representation, warranty or covenant or defect
in documentation giving rise to such repurchase or substitution obligation, the
Seller agrees that it shall, at its expense, furnish the Trustee and the
Enhancer, if any, either a REMIC Opinion or an opinion of counsel rendered by
independent counsel that the effects described in a REMIC Opinion will not occur
as a result of any such repurchase or substitution. The obligation of the Seller
to so substitute or repurchase any Home Equity Loan as to which a representation
of warranty is untrue in any material respect and has not been remedied
constitutes the sole remedy available to the Holders and the Trustee.
"Loan Purchase Price" means an amount equal to the aggregate principal
balance of such Home Equity Loan as of the date of purchase (assuming that the
Monthly Remittance Amount remitted by the Servicer on such Monthly Remittance
Date has already been remitted), plus all accrued and unpaid
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interest on such Home Equity Loan at the coupon rate to but not including the
Monthly Remittance Date in the Remittance Period of such purchase together with
(without duplication) the aggregate amount of (i) all unreimbursed Delinquency
Advances and Servicing Advances theretofore made with respect to such Home
Equity Loan, (ii) all Delinquency Advances which the Servicer has theretofore
failed to remit with respect to such Home Equity Loan and (iii) all reimbursed
Delinquency Advances and Servicing Advances to the extent that such
reimbursement is not made from the Mortgagor.
"Monthly Remittance Date" means the date specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement on which funds on deposit in the Principal and Interest Account are
remitted to the Certificate Account.
"Remittance Period" means with respect to any Monthly Remittance Date, the
calendar month preceding such Monthly Remittance Date. Assignment of Home Equity
Loans.
ASSIGNMENT OF HOME EQUITY LOANS
Pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or related Sale and
Servicing Agreement, the Seller will transfer, assign, set over and otherwise
convey without recourse to the Depositor and the Depositor will transfer,
assign, set over and otherwise convey without recourse to the Trustee in trust
for the benefit of the Holders all right, title and interest of the Seller in
and to each such Home Equity Loan and all its right, title and interest in and
to principal received and interest due on each such Home Equity Loan on and
after the Cut-Off Date; provided, however, that the Seller will reserve and
retain all its right, title and interest in and to principal received (including
Prepayments) and interest due on each Home Equity Loan prior to the Cut-Off
Date. Purely as a protective measure and not to be construed as contrary to the
parties intent that the transfer of the Home Equity Loans, is a sale, the Seller
will also be deemed to have granted to the Depositor and the Depositor will also
be deemed to have granted to the Trustee a security interest in the Trust Fund
in the event that the transfer of the Home Equity Loans is deemed to be a loan
and not a sale.
In connection with the transfer and assignment of the Home Equity Loans, the
Seller will be required to:
(i) deliver without recourse to the Trustee or an affiliate or agent of
the Trustee (the "Custodian") on behalf of the Trustee on the date such Home
Equity Loans are assigned to the Trust Fund, identified in the Schedule of
Home Equity Loans (A) the original Notes, endorsed in blank or to the order
of the Trustee, (B) (1) if the original title insurance policy is not
available, the original title insurance commitment or a copy thereof
certified as a true copy by the closing agent or the Seller, or if
available, the original title insurance policy or a copy certified by the
issuer of the title insurance policy or (2) if title insurance is not
available in the applicable state, the attorney's opinion of title,
(C) subject to clause (ii) below, originals or copies of all intervening
assignments, if any, certified as true copies by the closing agent or the
Seller, showing a complete chain of title from origination to the Trustee,
including warehousing assignments, if recorded, (D) originals of all
assumption and modification agreements, if any, (E) either: (1) the original
Mortgage, with evidence of recording thereon (if such original Mortgage has
been returned to Seller from the applicable recording office)or a copy (if
such original Mortgage has not been returned to Seller from the applicable
recording office) of the Mortgage certified as a true copy by the closing
attorney or officer of the Seller or (2) a copy of the Mortgage certified by
the public recording office in those instances where the original recorded
Mortgage has been lost or retained by the recording office, and (F) the
original assignments of Mortgages in recordable form;
(ii) cause, within 60 days following the date such Home Equity Loans are
assigned to the Trust Fund, assignments of the Mortgages to the Trustee to
be submitted for recording in the appropriate jurisdictions; provided,
however, that the Seller shall not be required to prepare any assignment of
Mortgage for a Mortgage with respect to which the original recording
information has not been received, until such time as such information has
been received from the recording
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office; provided, further, that (except as provided in the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement) the Seller shall
not be required to record an assignment of a Mortgage if the Seller
furnishes to the Trustee, any Enhancer and the Rating Agencies, on or before
the date such Home Equity Loans are assigned to the Trust Fund, at the
Seller's expense, an opinion of counsel with respect to the relevant
jurisdiction that such recording is not required to perfect the Trustee's
interests in the related Mortgages Loans (in form satisfactory to the
Trustee, any Enhancer and the Rating Agencies); and
(iii) deliver the title insurance policy, the original Mortgages and
such recorded assignments, together with originals or duly certified copies
of any and all prior assignments (other than unrecorded warehouse
assignments), to the Custodian on behalf of the Trustee within 15 days of
receipt thereof by the Seller (but in any event, with respect to any
Mortgage as to which original recording information has been made available
to the Seller, within one year after the date such Home Equity Loans are
assigned to the Trust Fund).
The Trustee will agree, for the benefit of the Holders, to cause the
Custodian to review each File within 45 days after the date such Home Equity
Loans are assigned to the Trust Fund (or the date of receipt of any documents
delivered to the Trustee after the Closing Date), to ascertain that all required
documents (or certified copies of documents) have been executed and received.
If the Custodian on behalf of the Trustee during such 45-day period finds
any document constituting a part of a File which is not properly executed, has
not been received, is unrelated to the Home Equity Loans or that any Home Equity
Loan does not conform in a material respect to the description thereof as set
forth in the Schedule of Home Equity Loans, the Custodian shall promptly notify
the Trustee, and, concurrently with such notice shall on behalf of the Trustee
notify the Depositor, the Seller, the Holders and the Enhancer, if any. The
Seller will agree in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and
Servicing Agreement to use reasonable efforts to remedy a material defect in a
document constituting part of a File of which it is so notified by the Custodian
on behalf of the Trustee. If, however, within 90 days after such notice to it
respecting such defect the Seller shall not have remedied the defect and the
defect materially and adversely affects the interest in the related Home Equity
Loan of the Holders or any Enhancer, the Seller will be required on the next
succeeding Monthly Remittance Date to (or will cause an affiliate of the Seller
to) (i) substitute in lieu of such Home Equity Loan a Qualified Replacement
Mortgage and deliver the Substitution Amount to the Trustee (to be deemed part
of the collections remitted by the Servicer on such Monthly Remittance Date) or
(ii) purchase such Home Equity Loan at a purchase price equal to the Loan
Purchase Price thereof, which purchase price shall be delivered to the Trust
along with the Monthly Remittance remitted by the Servicer on such Monthly
Remittance Date. However, such substitution or purchase must occur within
90 days of the notice of defect if the defect would prevent the Home Equity Loan
from being a Qualified Mortgage (as such term is defined in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement), and no substitution or purchase of a Home Equity Loan that
is not in default or as to which no default is reasonably foreseeable shall be
made unless the Seller obtains for the Trustee and any Enhancer a REMIC Opinion,
addressed to and acceptable to the Trustee and any Enhancer.
In addition to the foregoing, the Custodian on behalf of the Trustee has
agreed to make a review during the 12th month after the Closing Date indicating
the current status of the exceptions previously indicated on the Pool
Certification (the "Final Certification"). After delivery of the Final
Certification, the Custodian, on behalf of the Trustee and the Servicer shall
provide to Enhancer, if any, no less frequently than monthly updated
certifications indicating the then current status of exceptions, until all such
exceptions have been eliminated.
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SERVICING AND SUB-SERVICING
Unless otherwise set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Seller
will also serve as the Servicer of each Home Equity Loan. The Servicer will be
entitled to a periodic fee as compensation (the "Servicing Fee") in an amount to
be determined as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. The Servicer
may not assign its obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
or Sale and Servicing Agreement, in whole or in part, unless it shall have first
obtained the written consent of the Trustee and any Enhancer, which consent is
required not to be unreasonably withheld; provided, however, that any assignee
must meet the eligibility requirements for a successor Servicer set forth in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement.
The Securities will not represent an interest in or obligation of, nor are
the Home Equity Loans guaranteed by, the Depositor, the Trustee, the Seller, the
Servicer except as described herein, or any of their affiliates.
The Servicer (other than the Servicer as successor Servicer) will be
required to service the Home Equity Loans in accordance with the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement and the terms of the
respective Home Equity Loans.
The Servicer may retain from the interest portion of each monthly payment,
the related Servicing Fee. In addition, the Servicer will be entitled to retain
additional servicing compensation in the form of prepayment charges, release
fees, bad check charges, assumption fees, late payment charges, prepayment
penalties, or any other servicing-related fees, Net Liquidation Proceeds not
required to be deposited in the Principal and Interest Account pursuant to the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement, and
similar items.
When a borrower prepays all of a Home Equity Loan, the borrower pays
interest on the amount prepaid only to the date of prepayment and accordingly,
an interest shortfall (a "Prepayment Interest Shortfall") may result. In order
to mitigate the effect of any such shortfall in interest distributions to
Holders on any Payment Date, the aggregate Servicing Fee otherwise payable to
the Servicer for such month shall, to the extent of the aggregate of such
shortfalls, be deposited by the Servicer in the Principal and Interest Account
for distribution to Holders on such Payment Date. Any such deposit by the
Servicer will be reflected in the distributions to the Holders made on the
related Payment Date.
The Servicer will be required to make reasonable efforts to collect all
payments called for under the terms and provisions of the Home Equity Loans,
and, to the extent such procedures are consistent with the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement and the terms and provisions
of any applicable insurance policy, to follow collection procedures for all Home
Equity Loans at least as rigorous as those described in FNMA's Servicing Guide
(the "FNMA Guide"). Consistent with the foregoing, the Servicer may in its
discretion waive or permit to be waived (if such waiver or permission is
occasioned by the default or reasonable foreseeable default of a Home Equity
Loan or is consistent with the continued treatment of the Homes Equity Loan as a
Qualified Mortgage (as such term is defined in the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement)) any late payment charge, prepayment
charge, assumption fee or any penalty interest in connection with the prepayment
of a Home Equity Loan or any other fee or charge which the Servicer would be
entitled to retain as additional servicing compensation. In the event the
Servicer consents to the deferment of the due dates for payments due on a Note,
the Servicer will nonetheless be required to make payment of any required
Delinquency Advances with respect to the interest payments so extended to the
same extent as if the interest portion of such installment were due, owing and
delinquent and had not been deferred.
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DEPOSITS TO PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ACCOUNT AND CERTIFICATE ACCOUNT
Pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and
Servicing Agreement, the Servicer will be required to create, or cause to be
created, in the name of the Trustee, at one or more depository institutions,
which institutions may be affiliates of the Servicer, a principal and interest
account maintained as a trust account in the trust department of such
institution (the "Principal and Interest Account"). All funds in the Principal
and Interest Account are required to be held (i) uninvested, or (ii) invested in
Eligible Investments (as defined in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
or Sale and Servicing Agreement). Any investment of funds in the Principal and
Interest Account must mature or be withdrawable at par on or prior to the
immediately succeeding Monthly Remittance Date. Any investment earnings on funds
held in the Principal and Interest Account are for the account of, and any
losses therein are also for the account of, and must be promptly replenished by,
the Servicer.
The Servicer will be required to deposit, or cause to be deposited, to the
Principal and Interest Account, within one business day following receipt, all
principal received and interest due on the Home Equity Loans on and after the
related Cut-Off Date, including any Prepayments, the proceeds of any liquidation
of a Home Equity Loan net of expenses and unreimbursed Delinquency Advances
("Net Liquidation Proceeds") and, any income from REO Properties and Delinquency
Advances, but net of (i) Net Liquidation Proceeds to the extent that such Net
Liquidation Proceeds exceed the sum of (a) the Loan Balance of the related Home
Equity Loan immediately prior to liquidation, (b) accrued and unpaid interest on
such Home Equity Loan (net of the Servicing Fee) to the date of such
liquidation, (c) any Realized Losses during the related Remittance Period, and
(d) other reimbursements to the Servicer (i.e., unreimbursed servicing
advances), (ii) principal (including Prepayments)collected and interest due on
the Home Equity Loans prior to the Cut-Off Date, (iii) reimbursements for
Delinquency Advances and Servicing Advances to the extent provided below, and
(iv) reimbursement for amounts deposited in the Principal and Interest Account
representing payments of principal and/or interest on a Note by a Mortgagor
which are subsequently returned by a depository institution as unpaid (all such
net amounts being referred to herein as the "Daily Collections").
The Servicer may make withdrawals for its own account from the Principal and
Interest Account for the following purposes:
(i) on each Monthly Remittance Date, to pay itself the Servicing Fee to
the extent not otherwise retained;
(ii) to withdraw investment earnings on amounts on deposit in the
Principal and Interest Account;
(iii) to withdraw amounts that have been deposited to the Principal and
Interest Account in error;
(iv) to reimburse itself for unrecovered Delinquency Advances and
Servicing Advances (in each case, solely from amounts recovered on the
related Home Equity Loan) and for any excess interest collected from a
mortgagor; and
(v) to clear and terminate the Principal and Interest Account following
the termination of the Trust. The Servicer will remit to the Trustee for
deposit in the Certificate Account the Daily Collections allocable to a
Remittance Period, the Loan Purchase Price and Substitution Amounts not
later than the related Monthly Remittance Date.
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ADVANCES; COMPENSATING INTEREST
On each Monthly Remittance Date, the Servicer shall be required to remit to
the Trustee for deposit to the Certificate Account out of the Servicer's own
funds or from collections on any Home Equity Loans that are not required to be
distributed on the Payment Date occurring during the month in which such advance
is made (which shall be reimbursed by the Servicer on or before any subsequent
Monthly Remittance Dates on which such amounts are required to be part of the
monthly remittance amount) any delinquent payment of interest with respect to
each delinquent Home Equity Loan, which payment was not received on or prior to
the related Monthly Remittance Date and was not theretofore advanced by the
Servicer. Such amounts of the Servicer's own funds so deposited are "Delinquency
Advances." The Servicer may reimburse itself on any Business Day for any
Delinquency Advances paid from the Servicer's own funds, amounts recovered on
the related Home Equity Loan or from the Certificate Account as provided in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Servicer determines in
its reasonable business judgment in accordance with the servicing standards of
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement
that any proposed Delinquency Advance if made would not be recoverable, the
Servicer shall not be required to make such Delinquency Advances with respect to
such Home Equity Loan. To the extent that the Servicer previously has made
Delinquency Advances with respect to a Home Equity Loan that the Servicer
subsequently determines to be nonrecoverable, the Servicer shall be entitled to
reimbursement for such
The Servicer will be required to pay all "out of pocket" costs and expenses
incurred in the performance of its servicing obligations, including, but not
limited to, (i) expenditures in connection with a foreclosed Home Equity Loan
prior to the liquidation thereof, including, without limitation, expenditures
for real estate property taxes, hazard insurance premiums, property restoration
or preservation ("Preservation Expenses"), (ii) the cost of any enforcement or
judicial proceedings, including foreclosures and (iii) the cost of the
management and liquidation of Property (including broker's fees) acquired in
satisfaction of the related Mortgage, except to the extent that the Servicer in
its reasonable business judgment determines that any such proposed amount would
not be recoverable. Such costs and expenses will constitute "Servicing
Advances." The Servicer may recover a Servicing Advance to the extent permitted
by the Home Equity Loans or, if not theretofore recovered from the Mortgagor on
whose behalf such Servicing Advance was made, from Liquidation Proceeds realized
upon the liquidation of the related Home Equity Loan or from certain amounts on
deposit in the Certificate Account as provided in the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement. Except as provided
above, in no case may the Servicer recover Servicing Advances from the principal
and interest payments on any other Home Equity Loan.
A full month's interest at the coupon rate will be due on the outstanding
Loan Balance of each Home Equity Loan as of the beginning of each Remittance
Period. If a prepayment in full of a Home Equity Loan or a partial prepayment of
at least six times a Mortgagor's Monthly Payment occurs during any calendar
month, any difference between the interest collected from the Mortgagor in
connection with such payoff and the full month's interest at the Coupon Rate
that would be due on the related due date for such Home Equity Loan (such
difference, the "Compensating Interest") (but not in excess of the aggregate
Servicing Fee for the related Remittance Period), will be required to be
deposited to the Principal and Interest Account on the next succeeding Monthly
Remittance Date by the Servicer and shall be included in the monthly remittance
amount to be made available to the Trustee on the next succeeding Monthly
Remittance Date.
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OPTIONAL PURCHASE OF DEFAULTED HOME EQUITY LOANS
Subject to certain limitations contained in the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement, the Servicer will have the
right and the option, but not the obligation, to purchase for its own account
any Home Equity Loan which becomes delinquent for the number of consecutive
monthly installments set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement or any Home
Equity Loan as to which enforcement proceedings have been brought by the
Servicer; provided, however, that the Servicer may not purchase any such Home
Equity Loan unless the Servicer has delivered to any Enhancer and the Trustee,
at the Servicer's expense a REMIC Opinion. The purchase price for any such Home
Equity Loan is equal to the Loan Purchase Price thereof, which purchase price
shall be deposited in the Principal and Interest Account.
REALIZATION UPON DEFAULTED MORTGAGE LOANS
The Servicer is required to cause to be liquidated any Home Equity Loan
relating to a Property as to which ownership has been effected in the name of
the Servicer on behalf of the Trust and which has not been liquidated within 35
months of such effecting of ownership at such price as the Servicer deems
necessary to comply with this requirement, or within such period of time as may,
in the opinion of counsel nationally recognized in federal income tax matters,
be permitted under the Code.
HAZARD INSURANCE
The Servicer will be required to cause hazard insurance to be maintained
with respect to the related Property and to advance sums on account of the
premiums therefor if not paid by the Mortgagor if permitted by the terms of such
Home Equity Loan.
GENERAL SERVICING STANDARD
The Servicer will have the right under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement (upon receiving the prior written
consent of the Enhancer, if any) to accept applications of Mortgagors for
consent to (i) partial releases of Mortgages, (ii) alterations and
(iii) removal, demolition or division of Properties. No application for approval
maybe considered by the Servicer unless: (i) the provisions of the related Note
and Mortgage have been complied with; (ii) the loan-to-value ratio and
debt-to-income ratio after any release does not exceed the loan-to-value ratio
and debt-to-income ratio of such Note on the Cut-Off Date and any increase in
the loan-to-value ratio shall not exceed 5% unless approved in writing by the
Enhancer, if any; and (iii) the lien priority of the related Mortgage is not
affected.
The Servicer shall not agree to any modification, waiver or amendment of any
provision of any Home Equity Loan unless, in the Servicer's good faith judgment,
such modification, waiver or amendment would minimize the loss that might
otherwise be experienced with respect to such Home Equity Loan and only in the
event of a payment default with respect to such Home Equity Loan or in the event
that a payment default with respect to such Home Equity Loan is reasonably
foreseeable by the Servicer; provided, however, that no such modification,
waiver or amendment shall extend the maturity date of such Home Equity Loan
beyond the last scheduled payment date of the Home Equity Loans in the related
Trust Fund. Notwithstanding anything set forth in the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement to the contrary, the
Servicer shall be permitted to modify, waive or amend any provision of a Home
Equity Loan if required by statute or a court of competent jurisdiction to do
so.
SUB-SERVICING ARRANGEMENTS
The Servicer, with the prior written consent of any Enhancer will be
permitted under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and
Servicing Agreement to enter into servicing agreements
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(the "Sub-Servicing Agreements") with other qualified servicers (the
"Sub-Servicers") for any servicing and administration of Home Equity Loans with
any institution that (x) is in compliance with the laws of each state necessary
to enable it to perform its obligations under such Sub-Servicing Agreement,
(y) has experience servicing home equity loans that are similar to the Home
Equity Loans and (z) has equity of not less than $5,000,000 (as determined in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles).
The Servicer will be required (i) to provide notice of the appointment of
any Sub-Servicer to the Trustee, Certificateholders, any Enhancer and the Rating
Agency and (ii) to obtain confirmation from the Rating Agency that such
appointment of a Sub-Servicer will not result in any withdrawal or downgrade of
the then-current ratings on the Class A Certificates without taking the Policy
into effect. Notwithstanding any Sub-Servicing Agreement, the Servicer will not
be relieved of its obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
or Sale and Servicing Agreement and the Servicer will be obligated to the same
extent and under the same terms and conditions as if it alone were servicing and
administering the Home Equity Loans. The Servicer shall be entitled to enter
into any agreement with a Sub-Servicer for indemnification of the Servicer by
such Sub-Servicer and nothing contained in such Sub-Servicing Agreement shall be
deemed to limit or modify the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale
and Servicing Agreement.
CERTAIN MATTERS REGARDING THE SERVICER
The Servicer has agreed to indemnify and hold the Trustee and any Enhancer
harmless against any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures,
legal fees and related costs, judgments, and any other costs, fees and expenses
that the Trustee and any Enhancer may sustain in any way related to the failure
of the Servicer to perform its duties and service the Home Equity Loans in
compliance with the terms of the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the
Sale and Servicing Agreement except as may be limited in the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement. The Servicer shall
immediately notify the Trustee and any Enhancer if a claim is made by a third
party with respect to the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale
and Servicing Agreement, and the Servicer shall assume the defense of any such
claim and pay all expenses in connection therewith, including reasonable counsel
fees, and promptly pay, discharge and satisfy any judgment or decree which may
be entered against the Servicer, the Trustee and/or the Enhancer, if any, in
respect of such claim. The Trustee shall reimburse the Servicer from amounts
otherwise distributable on the Residual Interest Securities for the related
Series for all amounts advanced by it pursuant to the preceding sentence, except
when a final nonappealable adjudication determines that the claim relates
directly to the failure of the Servicer to perform its duties in compliance with
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
The indemnification provisions shall survive the termination of the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement and the
payment of the outstanding Certificates.
The Servicer will be required to deliver to the Trustee, the Enhancer, if
any, and the Rating Agencies on or before July 31 of each year: (1) an officers'
certificate stating, as to each signer thereof, that (i) a review of the
activities of the Servicer during such preceding calendar year and of
performance under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale and
Servicing Agreement has been made under such officers' supervision, and (ii) to
the best of such officers' knowledge, based on such review, the Servicer has
fulfilled all its obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement
or the Sale and Servicing Agreement for such year, or, if there has been a
default in the fulfillment of all such obligation, specifying each such default
known to such officers and the nature and status thereof including the steps
being taken by the Servicer to remedy such default and (2) a letter or letters
of a firm of independent, nationally recognized certified public accountants
reasonably acceptable to the Enhancer, if any, stating that such firm has
examined the Servicer's overall servicing
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operations in accordance with the requirements of the Uniform Single Attestation
Program for Mortgage Bankers, and stating such firm's conclusions relating
thereto.
REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF SERVICER
The Enhancer, if any, (or, the Holders, with the consent of the Enhancer, if
any) will have the right, pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, to remove the Servicer upon the
occurrence of certain events (collectively, the "Servicer Termination Events")
including, without limitation: (a) certain acts of bankruptcy or insolvency on
the part of the Servicer; (b) certain failures on the part of the Servicer to
perform its obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the
Sale and Servicing Agreement (including certain performance tests related to the
delinquency rate and cumulative losses of the Home Equity Loans); or (c) the
failure to cure material breaches of the Servicer's representations in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement or
(d) certain other events specified in the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
The Servicer is not permitted to resign from the obligations and duties
imposed on it under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale and
Servicing Agreement except upon determination that its duties thereunder are no
longer permissible under applicable law or are in material conflict by reason of
applicable law with any other activities carried on by it, the other activities
of the Servicer so causing such conflict being of a type and nature carried on
by the Servicer on the date of the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or
the Sale and Servicing Agreement. Any such determination permitting the
resignation of the Servicer is required to be evidenced by an opinion of counsel
to such effect which shall be delivered, and reasonably acceptable, to the
Trustee and any Enhancer.
Upon removal or resignation of the Servicer, the Trustee (A) may solicit
bids for a successor servicer as described in the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement and (B) until such time as a
successor servicer is appointed pursuant to the terms of the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, shall serve in the
capacity of successor Servicer. The Enhancer, if any, may appoint a successor
Servicer other than the Trustee. If an Enhancer does not appoint a successor
Servicer, the Trustee, if it is unable to obtain a qualifying bid and is
prevented by law from acting as servicer, will be required to appoint, or
petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, any housing and home
finance institution, bank or mortgage servicing institution designated as an
approved seller-servicer by FHLMC or FNMA, having net equity of not less than
$5,000,000, and acceptable to any Enhancer, as the successor to the Servicer in
the assumption of all or any part of the responsibilities, duties or liabilities
of the Servicer.
No removal or resignation of the Servicer will become effective until the
Trustee or another successor Servicer shall have assumed the Servicer's
responsibilities and obligations in accordance with the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
THE TRUSTEE
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, Norwest
Bank Minnesota, National Association having its principal corporate trust office
at Sixth Street and Marquette Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55479, will be
named as Trustee under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Sale
and Servicing Agreement.
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
On each Payment Date the Trustee will be required to report in writing
(based on information provided to the Trustee by the Servicer) to each Holder,
the Rating Agencies and the Enhancer, if any:
(i) the amount of the principal and interest distribution with respect
to each Class of Securities (based on a Security in the original principal
amount of $1,000);
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(ii) the amount of such distributions allocable to principal on the Home
Equity Loans, separately identifying the aggregate amount of any prepayments
in full or partial prepayments or other recoveries of principal included
therein (based on a Security in the original principal amount of $1,000) and
any Subordination Increase Amount (as defined in the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement);
(iii) the amount of such distribution allocable to interest on the Home
Equity Loans (based on a Security in the original principal amount of
$1,000);
(iv) if the distribution (net of any payment by any Enhancer) to the
Holders of any Class of Securities on such Payment Date was less than the
amounts distributable to such Holders on such Payment Date, the related
Carry-Forward Amount resulting therefrom;
(v) the amount of any payment by any Enhancer included in the amounts
distributed to the Holders of Class of Securities on such Payment Date;
(vi) the Principal Balance of each Class of Securities (based on a
certificate in the original principal amount of $1,000) which will be
outstanding after giving effect to any payment of principal on such Payment
Date;
(vii) the amount of any Subordinated Amount, Specified Subordinated
Amount and Subordination Deficit, if any, remaining after giving effect to
all distributions and transfers on such Payment Date;
(viii)the aggregate loan balance of all Home Equity Loans and the
aggregate loan balance of the Home Equity Loans in each Home Equity Loan
Pool, in each case after giving effect to any payment of principal on such
Payment Date;
(ix) the total of any Substitution Amounts or Loan Purchase Price
amounts included in such distribution;
(x) the weighted average Coupon Rate of the Home Equity Loans in each
Home Equity Loan Group and in the aggregate;
(xi) such other information as the Certificate Insurer or any Owner may
reasonably request with respect to delinquent Home Equity Loans;
(xii) the largest Home Equity Loan Balance in each Home Equity Loan
Group;
(xiii)the Pass-Through Rate on any Securities subject to an available
funds or weighted average coupon limitation;
(xiv) during any Funding Period, the Loan Balance of the Subsequent Home
Equity Loans added to the Trust during the related Due Period; and
(xv) during the Funding Period, the remaining Pre-Funded Amount as of
the last day of the Due Period and
(xvi) and other information specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement and/or related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and
Servicing Agreement.
Certain obligations of the Trustee to provide information to the Holders are
conditioned upon such information being received from the Servicer.
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In addition, on each Payment Date the Trustee will be required to distribute
to each Holder, the Enhancer, if any, and the Rating Agencies, together with the
information described above, the following information prepared by the Servicer
and furnished to the Trustee for such purpose:
(a) the number and aggregate principal balances of Home Equity Loans
(i) 30-59 days delinquent, (ii) 60-89 days delinquent, (iii) 90 or more days
delinquent, as of the close of business on the last day of the Remittance
Period immediately preceding the Payment Date, (iv) the number and aggregate
Loan Balances of all Home Equity Loans as of such Payment Date, after giving
effect to any payment of principal on such Payment Date, as of the close of
business on the last day of the Remittance Period immediately preceding the
Payment Date, and (v) the percentage that each of the amounts represented by
clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) represent as a percentage of the respective
amounts in clause (iv);
(b) the status and the number and dollar amounts of all Home Equity
Loans in foreclosure proceedings as of the close of business on the last day
of the Remittance Period immediately preceding such Payment Date;
(c) the number of mortgagors and the loan balances of (i) the related
Mortgages involved in bankruptcy proceedings as of the close of business on
the last day of the Remittance Period immediately preceding such Payment
Date and (ii) Home Equity Loans that are "balloon" loans;
(d) the existence and status of any Mortgaged Properties as to which
title has been taken in the name of, or on behalf of the Trustee, as of the
close of business of the last day of the Remittance Period immediately
preceding the Payment Date;
(e) the book value of any real estate acquired through foreclosure or
grant of a deed in lieu of foreclosure as of the close of business on the
last day of the Remittance Period immediately preceding the Payment Date;
(f) the realized losses incurred on Home Equity Loans for related
Remittance Period and the cumulative realized losses incurred on the Home
Equity Loans from the Closing Date to and including the Remittance Period
immediately preceding the Payment Date; and
(g) the amount of net liquidation proceeds realized on the Home Equity
Loans during the Remittance Period immediately preceding the Payment Date.
REMOVAL OF TRUSTEE FOR CAUSE
The Trustee may be removed upon the occurrence of any one of the following
events (whatever the reason for such event and whether it shall be voluntary or
involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment,
decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any
administrative or governmental body) on the part of the Trustee: (1) failure to
make distributions of available amounts; (2) breaches of covenants and
representations by the Trustee; (3) certain acts of bankruptcy or insolvency on
the part of the Trustee; or (4) failure to meet the standards of Trustee
eligibility as set forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale
and Servicing Agreement.
If any such event occurs and is continuing, then and in every such case
(i) the Enhancer, if any, or (ii) with the prior written consent of any Enhancer
(which is required not to be unreasonably withheld), the Depositor and the
Holders or, if there are no Securities then outstanding, by the Residual
Interest Securities may appoint a successor trustee.
GOVERNING LAW
The Agreements and each Security will be construed in accordance with and
governed by the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and
to be performed therein.
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AMENDMENTS
The Trustee, the Depositor, the Seller and the Servicer with the consent of
the Enhancer may, at any time and from time to time and without notice to or the
consent of the Holders, amend the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and the
Trustee will be required to consent to such amendment, for the purposes of
(i) if accompanied by an approving REMIC Opinion of counsel experienced in
federal income tax matters, removing the restriction against the transfer of a
Residual Interest Security to a Disqualified Organization (as such term is
defined in the Code), (ii) complying with the requirements of the Code including
any amendments necessary to maintain REMIC status, (iii) curing any ambiguity,
(iv) correcting or supplementing any provisions therein which are inconsistent
with any other provisions therein, or (v) for any other purpose, provided that
in the case of clause (v), (A) the Seller delivers an opinion of counsel
acceptable to the Trustee that such amendment will not adversely affect in any
material respect the interest of the Holders and (B) such amendment will not
result in a withdrawal or reduction of the rating of the Securities of a Series
without regard to any Financial Guaranty Insurance Policy. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary, no such amendment shall (a) change in any manner the
amount of, or delay the timing of, payments which are required to be distributed
to any Holder without the consent of the Holder, (b) change the percentages
which are required to consent to any such amendments, without the consent of the
Holders of all Securities of the Class or Classes affected then Outstanding or
(c) which affects in any manner the terms or provisions of any Financial
Guaranty Insurance Policy.
The Trustee will be required to furnish written notification of the
substance of any such amendment to each Holder in the manner set forth in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement.
TERMINATION OF THE TRUST FUND
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus supplement, the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Sale and Servicing Agreement will provide
that the Trust will terminate upon the payment to the Holder from amounts other
than those available under any Financial Guaranty Insurance Policy of all
amounts required to be paid to such Holders upon the later to occur of (a) the
final payment or other liquidation (or any advance made with respect thereto) of
the last Home Equity Loan, (b) the disposition of all property acquired in
respect of any Home Equity Loan remaining in the Trust Estate and (c) at any
time if a purchase by the Servicer or any Enhancer is effected as described
below under "--Optional Termination." To effect a termination pursuant to
clause (c) above, the Holders will be required to furnish to the Trustee an
opinion of counsel experienced in federal income tax matters acceptable to the
Enhancer, if any, and the Trustee to the effect that such liquidation
constitutes a Qualified Liquidation.
OPTIONAL TERMINATION
BY SERVICER OR ENHANCER. At its option, the Servicer (or, if so specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Enhancer, if any, if the Servicer
fails to exercise such option) may effect an optional termination of the Trust
(which may also be referred to as a "clean-up call") to the extent specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement either (1) on any Distribution Date that the
aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Securities is 10% or less than
the initial aggregate outstanding principal balance of such Securities or
(2) on any Monthly Remittance Date when the aggregate outstanding loan balance
of the Home Equity Loans is 10% or less than the sum of the loan balances of all
the Home Equity Loans in the Trust as of the date such Home Equity Loans were
transferred to the Trust. The Servicer may effect an optional termination of the
Trust by purchasing from the Trust Fund all (but not fewer than all) remaining
Home Equity Loans, in whole only, and other property acquired by foreclosure,
deed in lieu of foreclosure, or otherwise then constituting the Trust Fund, and
pay to the Holders the portion of the purchase price allocable to each such
class of Securities, which will equal an
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amount up to the sum of (i) 100% of the then outstanding principal balance of
the related Securities thereof, plus (ii) one month's interest on the then
outstanding principal balance of the related Securities thereof at the then
applicable Pass-Through Rate for such class, plus any previously accrued but
unpaid interest thereon, such sum payable in accordance with the priorities
described under "Description of the Certificates--Distributions" in the related
Prospectus Supplement and thereby effect early retirement of the Securities.
TERMINATION UPON LOSS OF REMIC STATUS. Following a final determination by
the Internal Revenue Service or by a court of competent jurisdiction, in either
case from which no appeal is taken within the permitted time for such appeal, or
if any appeal is taken, following a final determination of such appeal from
which no further appeal can be taken, to the effect that the REMIC does not and
will no longer qualify as a "REMIC" pursuant to Section 860D of the Code (the
"Final Determination"), at any time on or after the date which is 30 calendar
days following such Final Determination the Enhancer, if any, or the Holders
with the consent of the Enhancer, if any, may direct the Trustee on behalf of
the Trust Fund to adopt a plan of complete liquidation, as contemplated by
Section 860F(a)(4) of the Code.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT; TERMINATION UNDER INDENTURE. Events of Default under the
Indenture for each Series of Notes include: (i) a default for 30 days or more in
the payment of any principal of or interest on any Note of such Series;
(ii) failure to perform any other covenant of the Trust Fund in the Indenture
which continues for a period of 60 days after notice thereof is given in
accordance with the procedures described in the related Prospectus Supplement;
(iii) any representation or warranty made by the Seller or the Trust Fund in the
Indenture or in any certificate or other writing delivered pursuant thereto or
in connection therewith with respect to or affecting such Series having been
incorrect in a material respect as of the time made, and such breach is not
cured within 60 days after notice thereof is given in accordance with the
procedures described in the related Prospectus Supplement; (iv) certain events
of bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or liquidation of the Seller or the
Trust Fund; or (v) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Notes of
that Series.
If an Event of Default with respect to the Notes of any Series at the time
outstanding occurs and is continuing, either the Trustee or the Holders of a
majority of the then aggregate outstanding amount of the Notes of such Series
with, if specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the consent of the
Enhancer, may declare the principal amount (or, if the Notes of that Series are
Zero Coupon Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified
in the terms of that Series, as provided in the related Prospectus Supplement)
of all the Notes of such Series to be due and payable immediately. Such
declaration may, under certain circumstances, be rescinded and annulled by the
Holders of a majority in aggregate outstanding amount of the Notes of such
Series.
If, following an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Notes, the
Notes of such Series have been declared to be due and payable, the Trustee may,
in its discretion, notwithstanding such acceleration, elect to maintain
possession of the collateral securing the Notes of such Series and to continue
to apply distributions on such collateral as if there had been no declaration of
acceleration if such collateral continues to provide sufficient funds for the
payment of principal of and interest on the Notes of such Series as they would
have become due if there had not been such a declaration. In addition, the
Trustee may not sell or otherwise liquidate the collateral securing the Notes of
a Series following an Event of Default other than a default in the payment of
any principal or interest on any Note of such Series for 30 days or more, unless
(a) the Holders of 100% of the then aggregate outstanding amount of the Notes of
such Series consent to such sale, (b) the proceeds of such sale or liquidation
are sufficient to pay in full the principal of and accrued interest due and
unpaid on the outstanding Notes of such Series at the date of such sale or
(c) the Trustee determines that such collateral would not be sufficient on an
ongoing basis to make all payments on such Notes as such payments would have
become due if such Notes had not been declared due and payable, and the Trustee
obtains the consent of the Holders of 66 2/3% of the then aggregate outstanding
amount of the Notes of such Series.
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In the event that the Trustee liquidates the collateral in connection with
an Event of Default involving a default for 30 days or more in the payment of
principal of or interest on the Notes of a Series, the Indenture provides that
the Trustee will have a prior lien on the proceeds of any such liquidation for
unpaid fees and expenses. As a result, upon the occurrence of such an Event of
Default, the amount available for distribution to the Noteholders may be less
than would otherwise be the case. However, the Trustee may not institute a
proceeding for the enforcement of its lien except in connection with a
proceeding for the enforcement of the lien of the Indenture for the benefit of
the Noteholders after the occurrence of such an Event of Default.
In the event the principal of the Notes of a Series is declared due and
payable, as described above, the Holders of any such Notes issued at a discount
from par may be entitled to receive no more than an amount equal to the unpaid
principal amount thereof less the amount of such discount which is unamortized.
Subject to the provisions of the Indenture relating to the duties of the
Trustee, in case an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing with respect
to a Series of Notes, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of
the rights or powers under the Indenture at the request or direction of any of
the Holders of Notes of such Series, unless such Holders offered to the Trustee
security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and
liabilities which might be incurred by it in complying with such request or
direction. Subject to such provisions for indemnification and certain
limitations contained in the Indenture, the Holders of a majority of the then
aggregate outstanding amount of the Notes of such Series shall have the right to
direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy
available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the
Trustee with respect to the Notes of such Series, and the Holders of a majority
of the then aggregate outstanding amount of the Notes of such Series may, in
certain cases, waive any default with respect thereto, except a default in the
payment of principal or interest or a default in respect of a covenant or
provision of the Indenture that cannot be modified without the waiver or consent
of all the Holders of the outstanding Notes of such Series affected thereby.
The Indenture will be discharged with respect to a Series of Notes (except
with respect to certain continuing rights specified in the Indenture) upon the
delivery to the Trustee for cancellation of all the Notes of such Series or,
with certain limitations, upon deposit with the Trustee of funds sufficient for
the payment in full of all of the Notes of such Series.
In addition to such discharge with certain limitations, the Indenture will
provide that, if so specified with respect to the Notes of any Series, the
related Trust Fund will be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of
the Notes of such Series (except for certain obligations relating to temporary
Notes and exchange of Notes, to register the transfer of or exchange Notes of
such Series, to replace stolen, lost or mutilated Notes of such Series, to
maintain paying agencies and to hold monies for payment in trust) upon the
deposit with the Trustee, in trust, of money and/or direct obligations of or
obligations guaranteed by the United States of America which, through the
payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their
terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay the principal of and
each installment of interest on the Notes of such Series on the Final Scheduled
Distribution Date for such Notes and any installment of interest on such Notes
in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and the Notes of such Series. In
the event of any such defeasance and discharge of Notes of such Series, holders
of Notes of such Series would be able to look only to such money and/or direct
obligations for payment of principal and interest, if any, on their Notes until
maturity.
REMIC ADMINISTRATOR
For any Series with respect to which a REMIC election is made, preparation
of certain reports and certain other administrative duties with respect to the
Trust Fund may be performed by a REMIC administrator, who may be the Seller or
an affiliate of the Seller.
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CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE HOME EQUITY LOANS
The following discussion contains summaries of certain legal aspects of
mortgage loans which are general in nature. Because certain of such legal
aspects are governed by applicable state law (which laws may differ
substantially), the summaries do not purport to be complete or to reflect the
laws of any particular state, or to encompass the laws of all states in which
the properties securing the Home Equity Loans are situated.
MORTGAGES
The Home Equity Loans for a Series will be secured by either mortgages,
deeds of trust, deeds to secure debt or similar security instruments (such Home
Equity Loans are hereinafter referred to in this section as "mortgage loans"),
depending upon the prevailing practice in the state in which the property
subject to a mortgage loan is located. The filing of a mortgage, deed of trust,
deed to secure debt or similar security instrument creates a lien or title
interest upon the real property covered by such instrument and represents the
security for the repayment of an obligation that is customarily evidenced by a
promissory note. The priority of the liens is important because, among other
things, the foreclosure of a senior lien will extinguish a junior lien, and
because the holder of a senior lien generally will have a right to receive
insurance, condemnation or other proceeds before the holder of a junior lien.
Priority between mortgages and deeds of trust (or other instruments of
record) generally depends in the first instance on the order of filing with the
appropriate government records office. Priority also may be affected by the
express terms of the mortgage or the deed of trust and any subordination
agreement among the lenders.
Although priority among liens on the same property generally depends in the
first instance on the order of filing, there are a number of ways in which a
lien that is a senior lien when it is filed can become subordinate to a lien
filed at a later date. A deed of trust or mortgage generally is not prior to any
liens for real estate taxes and assessments, certain federal liens (including
certain federal criminal liens, environmental liens and tax liens), certain
mechanics and materialmen's liens, and other liens given priority by applicable
law.
There are two parties to a mortgage, the mortgagor, who is the
borrower/property owner or the land trustee (as described below), and the
mortgagee, who is the lender. Under the mortgage instrument, the mortgagor
delivers to the mortgagee a note or bond and the mortgage. In the case of a land
trust, there are three parties because title to the property is held by a land
trustee under a land trust agreement of which the borrower/property owner is the
beneficiary; at origination of a mortgage loan, the borrower executes a separate
undertaking to make payments on the mortgage note. Under a deed of trust or
similar security instrument, the homeowner or borrower, called the "grantor,"
grants the security property to a third-party grantee, called the "trustee," for
the benefit of the lender, called the "beneficiary." The deed of trust gives the
trustee the authority, if the borrower defaults and upon the instructions of the
beneficiary, to sell the security property in a "foreclosure" or "trustee's
sale" and to apply the sale proceeds to the secured debt. The mortgagee's
authority under a mortgage and the trustee's authority under a deed of trust are
governed by the law of the state in which the real property is located, the
express provisions of the mortgage or deed of trust, and, in some cases,
particularly in deed of trust transactions, the directions of the beneficiary.
FORECLOSURE
Foreclosure of a mortgage is generally accomplished by judicial action, and
foreclosure of a deed of trust may be accomplished by judicial action.
Generally, the action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all
parties having an interest of record in the real property. Delays in completion
of the foreclosure occasionally may result from difficulties in effecting
service on necessary parties defendant.
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When the mortgagee's right to foreclosure is contested, the legal proceedings
necessary to resolve the issue can be time-consuming and expensive. After the
completion of a judicial foreclosure proceeding, the court may issue a judgment
of foreclosure and appoint a receiver or other officer to conduct the sale of
the property. In some states, mortgages may also be foreclosed by advertisement
or pursuant to a power of sale provided in the mortgage. Foreclosure of a
mortgage by advertisement is essentially similar to foreclosure of a deed of
trust by nonjudicial power of sale.
If a borrower defaults under a loan secured by a deed of trust, the lender
generally may bring suit against the borrower. The lender generally also may
attempt to collect the loan by causing the deed of trust to be enforced against
the property it encumbers. Enforcement of a deed of trust is accomplished in
most cases by a trustee's sale in which the trustee, upon default of the
grantor, and subject to the expiration of applicable cure periods, sells the
security property at a public sale under the terms of the loan documents and
subject to the applicable procedural provisions of state law. In certain states,
the lender must exhaust the security through foreclosure (either judicially or
non-judicially) prior to other efforts to collect the balance of the promissory
note. Whether a lender may thereafter collect on the unpaid balance of the loan
is governed by the anti-deficiency statute in the applicable state governing the
collectibility of deficiency balances.
The trustee's sale generally must be conducted by public auction in the
county or city in which all or some part of the security property is located. At
the sale, the trustee generally requires a bidder to deposit with the trustee a
set amount or a percentage of the full amount of the bidder's final bid in cash
(or an equivalent thereto satisfactory to the trustee) prior to and as a
condition to recognizing such bid, and may conditionally accept and hold these
amounts for the duration of the sale. The beneficiary of the deed of trust
generally need not bid cash at the sale, but may instead make a "credit bid" up
to the extent of the total amount due under the deed of trust, including costs
and expenses actually incurred in enforcing the deed of trust, as well as the
trustee's fees and expenses. The trustee will sell the security property to the
highest proper bidder at the sale.
A sale conducted in accordance with the terms of the power of sale contained
in the deed of trust generally is presumed to be conducted regularly and fairly,
and, on a conveyance of the property by trustee's deed, confers absolute legal
title to the property to the purchaser, free of all junior deeds of trust and
free of all other liens and claims subordinate to the deed of trust under which
the sale is made. The purchaser's title, however, is subject to all senior liens
and other senior claims. Thus, if the deed of trust being enforced is a junior
deed of trust, the trustee will convey title to the property to the purchaser
subject to the first deed of trust and any other prior liens and claims. A
trustee's sale or judicial foreclosure under a junior deed of trust generally
has no effect on the first deed of trust, with the possible exception of the
right of a senior beneficiary to accelerate its indebtedness under a default
clause or a "due-on-sale" clause contained in the senior deed of trust.
WE REFER YOU TO "--DUE-ON-SALE CLAUSES IN HOME EQUITY LOANS" BELOW FOR MORE
DETAIL.
Because a potential buyer at the sale may find it difficult to determine the
exact status of title and other facts about the security property, and because
the physical condition of the security property may have deteriorated, it
generally is more common for the lender, rather than an unrelated third party,
to purchase the security property at a trustee's sale or judicial foreclosure
sale. The lender (or other purchaser at the judicial foreclosure or trustee's
sale) will be subject to the burdens of ownership, including the obligations to
service any senior mortgage or deed of trust, to obtain hazard insurance and to
make such repairs at its own expense as are necessary to render the security
property suitable for resale. The lender commonly will attempt to resell the
security property and obtain the services of a real estate broker and agree to
pay the broker a commission in connection with the resale. Depending upon market
conditions, the ultimate proceeds of the resale of the security property may not
be high enough to equal the lender's investment.
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The proceeds received by the trustee from the sale generally are applied
first to the costs, fees and expenses of sale and then in satisfaction of the
indebtedness secured by the deed of trust under which the sale was conducted.
Any remaining proceeds generally are payable to the holders of junior deeds of
trust and other liens and claims in order of their priority. Any balance
remaining generally is payable to the grantor. Following the sale, if there are
insufficient proceeds to repay the secured debt, the beneficiary under the
foreclosed lien generally may obtain a deficiency judgment against the grantor.
See "--Deficiency Judgments" below.
Some courts have been faced with the issue of whether federal or state
constitutional due process requires that borrowers under deeds of trust receive
notices in addition to the statutorily prescribed minimum. For the most part,
the courts in these cases have upheld the notice provisions and procedures
described above.
An action to foreclose a mortgage is an action to recover the mortgage debt
by enforcing the mortgagee's rights under the mortgage. It is regulated by
statutes and rules and subject throughout to the court's equitable powers.
Generally, a mortgagor is bound by the terms of the related mortgage note and
the mortgage as made and cannot be relieved from his default if the mortgagee
has exercised his rights in a commercially reasonable manner. However, since a
foreclosure action is equitable in nature, the court may exercise equitable
powers to relieve a mortgagor of a default and deny the mortgagee foreclosure on
proof that either the mortgagor's default was excusable or the mortgagee's
action established a waiver, fraud, bad faith, or oppressive or unconscionable
conduct such as to warrant a court of equity to refuse affirmative relief to the
mortgagee. Under certain circumstances a court of equity may relieve the
mortgagor from an entirely technical default where such default was not willful.
A foreclosure action is subject to most of the delays and expenses of other
lawsuits if defenses or counterclaims are interposed, sometimes requiring up to
several years to complete. Moreover, a non-collusive, regularly conducted
foreclosure sale may be challenged as a fraudulent conveyance, regardless of the
parties' intent, if a court determines that the sale was for less than fair
consideration and such sale occurred while the mortgagor was insolvent and
within one year (or within the state statute of limitations if the trustee in
bankruptcy elects to proceed under state fraudulent conveyance law) of the
filing of bankruptcy. Similarly, a suit against the debtor on the related
mortgage note may take several years and, generally, is a remedy alternative to
foreclosure, the mortgagee being precluded from pursuing both at the same time.
In the case of foreclosure under either a mortgage or a deed of trust, the
sale by the referee or other designated officer or by the trustee is a public
sale. However, because of the difficulty potential third party purchasers at the
sale have in determining the exact status of title and because the physical
condition of the property may have deteriorated during the foreclosure
proceedings, it is relatively uncommon for a third party to purchase the
property at a foreclosure sale. Rather, it is more common for the lender to
purchase the property from the trustee or referee for an amount which may be
equal to the unpaid principal amount of the mortgage note secured by the
mortgage or deed of trust plus accrued and unpaid interest and the expenses of
foreclosure, in which event the mortgagor's debt will be extinguished or the
lender may purchase for a lesser amount in order to preserve its right against a
borrower to seek a deficiency judgment in states where such a judgment can be
obtained. Thereafter, subject to the right of the borrower in some states to
remain in possession during the redemption period, the lender will assume the
burdens of ownership, including obtaining hazard insurance, paying taxes and
making such repairs at its own expense as are necessary to render the property
suitable for sale. The lender will commonly obtain the services of a real estate
broker and pay the broker's commission in connection with the sale of the
property. Depending upon market conditions, the ultimate proceeds of the sale of
the property may not equal the lender's investment in the property. Any loss may
be reduced by the receipt of any mortgage guaranty insurance proceeds.
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RIGHTS OF REDEMPTION
In some states, after foreclosure of a mortgage, the mortgagor and
foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory period in which to redeem the
property from the foreclosure sale. The right of redemption should be
distinguished from the equity of redemption, which is a statutory or
non-statutory right that must be exercised prior to the foreclosure sale. In
some states, redemption may occur only upon payment of the entire principal
balance of the loan, accrued interest, expenses of foreclosure and reasonable
expenses incurred in maintaining the property. In other states, redemption may
be authorized if the former borrower pays only a portion of the sums due. The
effect of a statutory right of redemption is to diminish the ability of the
lender to sell the foreclosed property. The exercise of a right of redemption
will defeat the title of any purchaser at a foreclosure sale, or of any
purchaser from the lender subsequent to foreclosure. Consequently the practical
effect of a right of redemption is to force the lender to retain the property
and pay the expenses of ownership until the redemption period has run. In many
states, there is no right to redeem property after a trustee's sale under a deed
of trust, unless a deficiency judgment is sought by the lender.
When the lender under a junior mortgage or deed of trust cures the default
and reinstates or redeems the senior mortgage or deed of trust, the amount paid
by the lender for such cure generally becomes a part of the indebtedness secured
by the junior deed of trust.
JUNIOR MORTGAGES; RIGHTS OF SENIOR MORTGAGES
The mortgage loans comprising or underlying the Home Equity Loans included
in the Trust Fund for a Series will be secured by mortgages or deeds of trust
which may be junior to one or more other mortgages or deeds of trust held by
other lenders or institutional investors. The rights of the Trust Fund (and
therefore the Holders), as mortgagee under a junior mortgage, are subordinate to
those of the mortgagee under the senior mortgage, including the prior rights of
the senior mortgagee to receive hazard insurance and condemnation proceeds and
to cause the property securing the mortgage loan to be sold upon default of the
mortgagor, thereby extinguishing the junior mortgagee's lien unless the junior
mortgagee asserts its subordinate interest in the property in foreclosure
litigation and, possibly, satisfies the defaulted senior mortgage. A junior
mortgagee may satisfy a defaulted senior loan in full and, in some states, may
cure such default and bring the senior loan current, in either event adding the
amounts expended to the balance due on the junior loan. In some states, absent a
provision in the mortgage or deed of trust, no notice of default is required to
be given to a junior mortgagee. In addition, as described above, the rights of
the Trust Fund may be or become subject to liens for real estate taxes and other
obligations. Although the Seller generally does not cure defaults under a senior
deed of trust or other lien, it is the Seller's standard practice to protect its
interest by monitoring any such sale of which it is aware and bidding for
property if it determines that it is in the Seller's best interests to do so.
The standard form of the mortgage or deed of trust used by most
institutional lenders, like that used by the Seller, confers on the mortgagee or
beneficiary the right both to receive all proceeds collected under any hazard
insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower and all awards made
in connection with condemnation proceedings. The lender generally has the right,
subject to the specific provisions of the mortgage or deed of trust securing its
loan, to apply such proceeds and awards to repair of any damage to the security
property or to payment of any indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of
trust, in such order as the mortgagee or beneficiary may determine. Thus, in the
event improvements on the property are damaged or destroyed by fire or other
casualty, or in the event the property is taken by condemnation, the mortgagee
or beneficiary under underlying senior mortgages will have the prior right to
collect any insurance proceeds payable under a hazard insurance policy and any
award of damages in connection with the condemnation and to apply the same to
the indebtedness secured by the senior mortgages or deeds of trust. If
available, proceeds in excess of the amount of senior mortgage indebtedness, in
most cases, will be applied to the junior indebtedness.
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Another provision typically found in the form of the mortgage or deed of
trust used by institutional lenders obligates the grantor or mortgagor to pay
before delinquency all taxes and assessments on the property and, when due, all
encumbrances, charges and liens on the property which appear prior to the
mortgage or deed of trust, to provide and maintain fire insurance on the
property, to maintain and repair the property and not to commit or permit any
waste thereof, and to appear in and defend any action or proceeding purporting
to affect the property or the rights of the mortgagee or beneficiary under the
mortgage. Upon a failure of the grantor or mortgagor to perform any of these
obligations, the mortgagee or beneficiary is given the right to perform the
obligation itself, at its election, with the mortgagor or grantor agreeing to
reimburse the mortgagee or beneficiary for any sums expended by the mortgagee or
beneficiary on behalf of the mortgagor or grantor. The mortgage or deed of trust
typically provides that all sums so expended by the mortgagee or beneficiary
become part of the indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of trust.
ANTI-DEFICIENCY LEGISLATION AND OTHER LIMITATIONS ON LENDERS
Certain states have imposed statutory prohibitions which limit the remedies
of a beneficiary under a deed of trust or a mortgagee under a mortgage. In some
states, statutes limit the right of the beneficiary or mortgagee to obtain a
deficiency judgment against the borrower following foreclosure or sale under a
deed of trust. A deficiency judgment is a personal judgment against the former
borrower equal in most cases to the difference between the net amount realized
upon the public sale of the real property and the amount due to the lender.
However, some states calculate the deficiency as the difference between the
outstanding indebtedness and the greater of the fair market value of the
property and the sales price of the property. Other states require the
beneficiary or mortgagee to exhaust the security afforded under a deed of trust
or mortgage by foreclosure in an attempt to satisfy the full debt before
bringing a personal action against the borrower. In certain other states, the
lender has the option of bringing a personal action against the borrower on the
debt without first exhausting such security; however, in some of these states,
the lender, following judgment on such personal action, may be deemed to have
elected a remedy and may be precluded from exercising remedies with respect to
the security. Consequently, the practical effect of the election requirement,
when applicable, is that lenders will usually proceed first against the security
rather than bringing a personal action against the borrower. Finally, other
statutory provisions limit any deficiency judgment against the former borrower
following a foreclosure sale to the excess of the outstanding debt over the fair
market value of the property at the time of the public sale. The purpose of
these statutes is generally to prevent a beneficiary or a mortgagee from
obtaining a large deficiency judgment against the former borrower as a result of
low or no bids at the foreclosure sale.
In addition to laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency judgments, numerous
other statutory provisions, including the federal bankruptcy laws, the Federal
Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act and state laws affording relief to
debtors, may interfere with or affect the ability of the secured lender to
realize upon collateral and/or enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, with
respect to federal bankruptcy law, the filing of a petition acts as a stay
against the enforcement of remedies for collection of a debt. Foreclosure is
permitted during the pendency of this proceeding only with court permission
Moreover, a court with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction may permit a debtor
through a Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Code rehabilitative plan to cure a monetary
default with respect to a loan on a debtor's residence by paying arrearages
within a reasonable time period and reinstating the original loan payment
schedule even though the lender accelerated the loan and the lender has taken
all steps to realize upon its security (provided no sale of the property has yet
occurred) prior to the filing of the debtor's Chapter 13 petition. Some courts
with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have approved plans, based on the
particular facts of the reorganization case, that effected the curing of a loan
default by permitting the obligor to pay arrearages over a number of years.
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Courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have also indicated that the
terms of a mortgage loan may be modified if the borrower has filed a petition
under Chapter 13. These courts have suggested that such modifications may
include reducing the amount of each monthly payment, changing the rate of
interest, altering the repayment schedule and reducing the lender's security
interest to the value of the residence, thus leaving the lender a general
unsecured creditor for the difference between the value of the residence and the
outstanding balance of the loan. Federal bankruptcy law and limited case law
indicate that the foregoing modifications cannot be applied to the terms of a
loan secured by property that is the principal residence of the debtor. In all
cases, the secured creditor is entitled to the value of its security plus
post-petition interest, attorney's fees and costs to the extent the value of the
security exceeds the debt.
In a Chapter 11 case under the Bankruptcy Code, the lender is precluded from
foreclosing without authorization from the bankruptcy court. The lender's lien
may be transferred to other collateral and/or be limited in amount to the value
of the lender's interest in the collateral as of the date of the bankruptcy. The
loan term may be extended, the interest rate may be adjusted to market rates and
the priority of the loan may be subordinated to bankruptcy court-approved
financing. The bankruptcy court can, in effect, invalidate due-on-sale clauses
through confirmed Chapter 11 plans of reorganization.
The Bankruptcy Code provides priority to certain tax liens over the lender's
security. This may delay or interfere with the enforcement of rights in respect
of a defaulted Home Equity Loan. In addition, substantive requirements are
imposed upon lenders in connection with the origination and the servicing of
mortgage loans by numerous federal and some state consumer protection laws. The
laws include the federal Truth-in-Lending Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures
Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act and related
statutes and regulations. These federal laws impose specific statutory
liabilities upon lenders who originate loans and who fail to comply with the
provisions of the law. In most cases, this liability will affect assignees of
the loans.
DUE-ON-SALE CLAUSES IN HOME EQUITY LOANS
Due-on-sale clauses permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the loan
if the borrower sells or transfers, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, all or
part of the real property securing the loan without the lender's prior written
consent. The enforceability of these clauses has been the subject of legislation
or litigation in many states, and in some cases, typically involving single
family residential mortgage transactions, their enforceability has been limited
or denied. In any event, the Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982
(the "Garn-St Germain Act") preempts state constitutional, statutory and case
law that prohibits the enforcement of due-on-sale clauses and permits lenders to
enforce these clauses in accordance with their terms, subject to certain
exceptions. As a result, due-on-sale clauses have become generally enforceable
except in those states whose legislatures exercised their authority to regulate
the enforceability of such clauses with respect to mortgage loans that were
(i) originated or assumed during the "window period" under the Garn-St Germain
Act which ended in all cases not later than October 15, 1982, and
(ii) originated by lenders other than national banks, federal savings
institutions and federal credit unions. FHLMC has taken the position in its
published mortgage servicing standards that, out of a total of eleven "window
period states," five states (Arizona, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico and Utah)
have enacted statutes extending, on various terms and for varying periods, the
prohibition on enforcement of due-on-sale clauses with respect to certain
categories of window period loans. Also, the Garn-St Germain Act does
"encourage" lenders to permit assumption of loans at the original rate of
interest or at some other rate less than the average of the original rate and
the market rate.
In addition, under federal bankruptcy law, due-on-sale clauses may not be
enforceable in bankruptcy proceedings and may, under certain circumstances, be
eliminated in any modified mortgage resulting from such bankruptcy proceeding.
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ENFORCEABILITY OF PREPAYMENT AND LATE PAYMENT FEES
Forms of notes, mortgages and deeds of trust used by lenders may contain
provisions obligating the borrower to pay a late charge if payments are not
timely made, and in some circumstances may provide for prepayment fees or
penalties if the obligation is paid prior to maturity. In certain states, there
are or may be specific limitations, upon the late charges which a lender may
collect from a borrower for delinquent payments. Certain states also limit the
amounts that a lender may collect from a borrower as an additional charge if the
loan is prepaid. Late charges and prepayment fees are typically retained by
servicers as additional servicing compensation.
EQUITABLE LIMITATIONS ON REMEDIES
In connection with lenders' attempts to realize upon their security, courts
have invoked general equitable principles. The equitable principles are
generally designed to relieve the borrower from the legal effect of his defaults
under the loan documents. Examples of judicial remedies that have been fashioned
include judicial requirements that the lender undertake affirmative and
expensive actions to determine the causes of the borrower's default and the
likelihood that the borrower will be able to reinstate the loan. In some cases,
courts have substituted their judgment for the lender's judgment and have
required that lenders reinstate loans or recast payment schedules in order to
accommodate borrowers who are suffering from temporary financial disability. In
other cases, courts have limited the right of a lender to realize upon its
security if the default under the security agreement is not monetary, such as
the borrower's failure to adequately maintain the property or the borrower's
execution of secondary financing affecting the property. Finally, some courts
have been faced with the issue of whether or not federal or state constitutional
provisions reflecting due process concerns for adequate notice require that
borrowers under security agreements receive notices in addition to the
statutorily-prescribed minimums. For the most part, these cases have upheld the
notice provisions as being reasonable or have found that, in cases involving the
sale by a trustee under a deed of trust or by a mortgagee under a mortgage
having a power of sale, there is insufficient state action to afford
constitutional protections to the borrower.
Most conventional single-family mortgage loans may be prepaid in full or in
part without penalty. A mortgagee to whom a prepayment in full has been tendered
may be compelled to give either a release of the mortgage or an instrument
assigning the existing mortgage. The absence of a restraint on prepayment,
particularly with respect to mortgage loans having higher mortgage rates, may
increase the likelihood of refinancing or other early retirements of such
mortgage loans.
APPLICABILITY OF USURY LAWS
Many states have usury laws which limit the interest and other amounts that
may be charged under certain loans. Title V of the Depository Institutions
Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980, enacted in March 1980
("Title V"), provides that state usury limitations shall not apply to certain
types of residential first mortgage loans originated by certain lenders after
March 31, 1980. Similar federal statutes were in effect with respect to mortgage
loans made during the first three months of 1980. Title V authorizes any state
to reimpose interest rate limits by adopting, before April 1, 1983, a state law,
or by certifying that the voters of such state have voted in favor of any
provision, constitutional or otherwise, which expressly rejects an application
of the federal law. Fifteen states adopted such a law prior to the April 1, 1983
deadline. In addition, even where Title V is not so rejected, any state is
authorized by the law to adopt a provision limiting discount points or other
charges on mortgage loans covered by Title V. State laws apply to residential
second mortgages; however, some state usury limitations do not apply to
residential second mortgages.
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ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION
A federal statute, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act, and a growing number of state laws impose a statutory lien
for associated costs on property that is the subject of a cleanup action on
account of hazardous wastes or hazardous substances released or disposed of on
the property. Such a lien generally will have priority over all subsequent liens
on the property and, in certain of these states, will have priority over prior
recorded liens, including the lien of a mortgage or deed of trust. The priority
of the environmental lien under federal law depends on the time of perfection of
the federal lien compared to the time of perfection of any competing liens under
applicable state law. In addition, under federal environmental legislation and
possibly under state law in a number of states, a secured party that takes a
deed in lieu of foreclosure or acquires a property at a foreclosure sale may be
liable for the costs of cleaning up a contaminated site. Although such costs
could be substantial, they would probably not be imposed on a secured lender
(such as the applicable Trust Fund) if it promptly marketed the foreclosed
property for resale. In the event that a Trust Fund acquired title to a property
securing a Mortgage Home Equity Loan and cleanup costs were incurred in respect
of the property, the holders of the Securities might incur a delay in the
payment if such costs were required to be paid by such Trust Fund.
SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' CIVIL RELIEF ACT OF 1940
Under the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940, members of all
branches of the military on active duty, including draftees and reservists in
military service, (i) are entitled to have interest rates reduced and capped at
6% per annum, on obligations (including Home Equity Loans) incurred prior to the
commencement of military service for the duration of military service, (ii) may
be entitled to a stay of proceedings on any kind of foreclosure or repossession
action in the case of defaults on such obligations entered into prior to
military service for the duration of military service and (iii) may have the
maturity of such obligations incurred prior to military service extended, the
payments lowered and the payment schedule readjusted for a period of time after
the completion of military service. However, the benefits of (i), (ii), or
(iii) above are subject to challenge by creditors and if, in the opinion of the
court, the ability of a person to comply with such obligations has not been
materially impaired by military service, the court may apply equitable
principles accordingly. If a borrower's obligation to repay amounts otherwise
due on a Home Equity Loan included in a Trust Fund for a Series is relieved
pursuant to the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940, none of the
Trust Fund, the Servicer, the Seller nor the Trustee will be required to advance
such amounts, and any loss in respect thereof may reduce the amounts available
to be paid to the Holders of the Securities of such Series. Any shortfalls in
interest collections on Home Equity Loans included in a Trust Fund for a
Series resulting from application of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act
of 1940 will be allocated to each Class of Securities of such Series that is
entitled to receive interest in respect of such Home Equity Loans in proportion
to the interest that each such Class of Securities would have otherwise been
entitled to receive in respect of such Home Equity Loans had such interest
shortfall not occurred unless the related Prospectus Supplement allocates such
shortfalls to particular Classes.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The Depositor will apply all or substantially all of the net proceeds from
the sale of each Series of Securities for one or more of the following purposes:
(i) to establish any Reserve Fund, Pre-Funding Account or Capitalized Interest
Account, (ii) to pay costs of structuring and issuing such Securities, including
the costs of obtaining Enhancement, and (iii) to acquire the Home Equity Loans
from the Seller, who in turn will use such proceeds for general corporate
purposes.
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FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
GENERAL
This section sets forth (i) certain federal income tax opinions of Stroock &
Stroock & Lavan LLP, special counsel to the Seller ("Federal Tax Counsel"), and
(ii) a summary, based on the advice of Federal Tax Counsel, of the material
federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of
Securities. The summary focuses primarily upon investors who will hold
Securities as "capital assets" (generally, property held for investment) within
the meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the "Code"), but much of the discussion is applicable to other investors as
well. Because tax consequences may vary based on the status or tax attributes of
the owner of a Security, prospective investors are advised to consult their own
tax advisers concerning the federal, state, local and any other tax consequences
to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Securities. For
purposes of this tax discussion (except with respect to information reporting,
or where the context indicates otherwise), any reference to the "Holder" means
the beneficial owner of a Security.
The summary is based upon the provisions of the Code, the regulations
promulgated thereunder, including, where applicable, proposed regulations, and
the judicial and administrative rulings and decisions now in effect, all of
which are subject to change or possible differing interpretations. The statutory
provisions, regulations, and interpretations on which this interpretation is
based are subject to change, and such a change could apply retroactively.
The federal income tax consequences to Holders will vary depending on
whether (i) the Securities of a Series are classified as indebtedness for
federal income tax purposes; (ii) an election is made to treat the Trust Fund
(or certain assets of the Trust Fund) relating to a particular Series of
Securities as a real estate mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC") under the
Code; (iii) the Securities represent an ownership interest for federal income
tax purposes in some or all of the assets included in the Trust Fund for a
Series; or (iv) for federal income tax purposes the Trust Fund relating to a
particular Series of Certificates is classified as a partnership or is
disregarded as an entity separate from its owner. The Prospectus Supplement for
each Series of Securities will specify how the Securities will be treated for
federal income tax purposes and will discuss whether a REMIC election, if any,
will be made with respect to such Series.
OPINIONS
Federal Tax Counsel is of the opinion that:
(i) If a Prospectus Supplement indicates that one or more Classes of
non-REMIC Securities of the related Series are to be treated as indebtedness
for federal income tax purposes, assuming that all of the provisions of the
applicable Agreement are complied with, the Securities so designated will be
considered indebtedness for federal income tax purposes and, for federal
income tax purposes, the related Trust Fund will not be an association,
publicly traded partnership, or taxable mortgage pool taxable as a
corporation;
(ii) If a Prospectus Supplement indicates that one or more REMIC
elections will be made with respect to the related Trust Fund, assuming that
such elections are timely made and all of the provisions of the applicable
Agreement are complied with (a) each segregated pool of assets specified as
a REMIC in such Agreement will constitute a REMIC for federal income tax
purposes, (b) the Class or Classes of Securities of the related
Series which are designated as "regular interests" in such Prospectus
Supplement will be considered "regular interests" in a REMIC for federal
income tax purposes and (c) the Class of Securities of the related
Series which is designated as the "residual interest" in such Prospectus
Supplement will be considered the sole class of "residual interests" in the
applicable REMIC for federal income tax purposes;
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(iii) If a Prospectus Supplement indicates that a Trust Fund will be
treated as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes, assuming
compliance with all of the provisions of the applicable Agreement, (a) the
Trust Fund will be a grantor trust under Subpart E, Part I of Subchapter J
of the Code and will not be an association taxable as a corporation and
(b) a Holder of the related Certificates will be treated for federal income
tax purposes as the owner of an undivided interest in the Home Equity Loans
included in the Trust Fund; and
Each such opinion is an expression of an opinion only, is not a guarantee of
results and is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") or any
third-party.
TAXATION OF DEBT SECURITIES (INCLUDING REGULAR INTEREST SECURITIES)
Interest and Acquisition Discount. Securities representing regular interest
in a REMIC ("Regular Interest Securities") are generally taxable to Holders in
the same manner as evidences of indebtedness issued by the REMIC. Stated
interest on the Regular Interest Securities will be taxable as ordinary income
and taken into account using the accrual method of accounting, regardless of the
Holder's normal accounting method. Interest (other than original issue discount
("OID")) on Securities (other than Regular Interest Securities) that are
characterized as indebtedness for federal income tax purposes will be includible
in income by Holders thereof in accordance with their usual methods of
accounting. Securities characterized as debt for federal income tax purposes and
Regular Interest Securities will be referred to hereinafter collectively as
"Debt Securities."
Debt Securities that are Compound Interest Securities will, and certain of
the other Debt Securities may, be issued with OID. The following discussion is
based in part on the rules governing OID which are set forth in Sections
1271-1275 of the Code and the Treasury regulations issued thereunder (the "OID
Regulations"). A Holder should be aware, however, that the OID Regulations do
not adequately address certain issues relevant to prepayable securities, such as
the Debt Securities.
In general, OID, if any, will equal the difference between the stated
redemption price at maturity of a Debt Security and its issue price. A Holder of
a Debt Security must include such OID in gross income as ordinary interest
income as it accrues under a prescribed method which takes into account an
economic accrual of the discount. In general, OID must be included in income in
advance of the receipt of the cash representing that income. The amount of OID
on a Debt Security will be considered to be zero if it is less than a de minimis
amount determined under the Code. The issue price of a Debt Security is the
first price at which a substantial amount of Debt Securities of that class are
sold to the public (excluding bond houses, brokers, underwriters or
wholesalers). If less than a substantial amount of a particular class of Debt
Securities is sold for cash on or prior to the Closing Date, the issue price for
such class will be treated as the fair market value of such class on the Closing
Date. The stated redemption price at maturity of a Debt Security includes the
original principal amount of the Debt Security, but generally will not include
distributions of interest if such distributions constitute "qualified stated
interest."
Under the OID Regulations, interest payments will not be qualified stated
interest unless the interest payments are "unconditionally payable." The OID
Regulations state that interest is unconditionally payable if reasonable legal
remedies exist to compel timely payment or the debt instrument otherwise
provides terms and conditions that make the likelihood of late payment of
interest (other than late payment that occurs within a reasonable grace period)
or nonpayment of interest a remote contingency. It is unclear whether the terms
and conditions of the debt instruments underlying the Debt Securities or of the
Debt Securities themselves are determinative of whether the likelihood of late
payment or non-payment is a remote contingency. Accordingly, Federal Tax Counsel
is unable to opine whether the interest with respect to a Debt Security is
qualified stated interest, and consequently whether a Debt Security has OID as a
result of the failure of such interest to be treated as qualified stated
interest.
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Certain Debt Securities will provide for distributions of interest based on
a period that is the same length as the interval between Distribution Dates but
ends prior to each Distribution Date. Any interest that accrues prior to the
Closing Date may be treated under the OID Regulations either (i) as part of the
issue price and the stated redemption price at maturity of the Debt Securities
or (ii) as not included in the issue price or stated redemption price. The OID
Regulations provide a special application of the de minimis rule for debt
instruments with long first accrual periods where the interest payable for the
first period is at a rate which is effectively less than that which applies in
all other periods. In such cases, for the sole purpose of determining whether
OID is de minimis, the OID Regulations provide that the stated redemption price
is equal to the instrument's issue price plus the greater of the amount of
foregone interest or the excess (if any) of the instrument's stated principal
amount over its issue price.
Under the de minimis rule, OID on a Debt Security will be considered to be
zero if such OID is less than 0.25% of the stated redemption price at maturity
of the Debt Security. For this purpose, the weighted average maturity of the
Debt Security is computed as the sum of the amounts determined by multiplying
the number of full years (i.e., rounding down partial years) from the issue date
until each distribution in reduction of stated redemption price at maturity is
scheduled to be made by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of each
distribution included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Debt
Security and the denominator of which is the stated redemption price at maturity
of the Debt Security. Holders generally must report de minimis OID pro rata as
principal payments are received, and such income will be capital gain if the
Debt Security is held as a capital asset. However, accrual method Holders may
elect to accrue all de minimis OID as well as market discount under a constant
interest method. See "--Election to Treat All Interest as Original Issue
Discount."
The Holder of a Debt Security issued with OID must include in gross income,
for all days during its taxable year on which it holds such Debt Security, the
sum of the 'daily portions' of such OID. The amount of OID includible in income
by a Holder will be computed by allocating to each day during a taxable year a
pro rata portion of the OID that accrued during the relevant accrual period. In
the case of a Debt Security that is not a Regular Interest Security and the
principal payments on which are not subject to acceleration resulting from
prepayments on the Home Equity Loans, the amount of OID includible in income of
a Holder for an accrual period (generally the period over which interest accrues
on the debt instrument) will equal the product of the yield to maturity of the
Debt Security and the adjusted issue price of the Debt Security, reduced by any
payments of qualified stated interest. The adjusted issue price is the sum of
its issue price plus prior accruals of OID, reduced by the total payments made
with respect to such Debt Security in all prior periods, other than qualified
stated interest payments.
The amount of OID to be included in income by a Holder of a debt instrument,
such as certain Classes of the Debt Securities, that is subject to acceleration
due to prepayments on other debt obligations securing such instruments (a
"Pay-Through Security"), is computed by taking into account the anticipated rate
of prepayments assumed in pricing the debt instrument (the "Prepayment
Assumption"). The amount of OID that will accrue during an accrual period on a
Pay-Through Security is the excess (if any) of the sum of (a) the present value
of all payments remaining to be made on the Pay-Through Security as of the close
of the accrual period and (b) the payments during the accrual period of amounts
included in the stated redemption price of the Pay-Through Security, over the
adjusted issue price of the Pay-Through Security at the beginning of the accrual
period. The present value of the remaining payments is to be determined on the
basis of three factors: (i) the original yield to maturity of the Pay-Through
Security (determined on the basis of compounding at the end of each accrual
period and properly adjusted for the length of the accrual period), (ii) events
which have occurred before the end of the accrual period and (iii) the
assumption that the remaining payments will be made in accordance with the
original Prepayment Assumption. The effect of this method is to increase the
portions of OID required to be included in income by a Holder to take into
account
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prepayments with respect to the Home Equity Loans at a rate that exceeds the
Prepayment Assumption, and to decrease (but not below zero for any period) the
portions of OID required to be included in income by a Holder of a Pay-Through
Security to take into account prepayments with respect to the Home Equity Loans
at a rate that is slower than the Prepayment Assumption. Although OID will be
reported to Holders of Pay-Through Securities based on the Prepayment
Assumption, no representation is made to Holders that Home Equity Loans will be
prepaid at that rate or at any other rate.
The Seller may adjust the accrual of OID on a Class of Regular Interest
Securities (or other regular interests in a REMIC) in a manner that it believes
to be appropriate, to take account of realized losses on the Home Equity Loans,
although the OID Regulations do not provide for such adjustments. If the IRS
were to require that OID be accrued without such adjustments, the rate of
accrual of OID for a Class of Regular Interest Securities could increase.
Certain classes of Regular Interest Securities may represent more than one
class of REMIC regular interests. Unless the applicable Prospectus Supplement
specifies otherwise, the Trustee intends, based on the OID Regulations, to
calculate OID on such Securities as if, solely for the purposes of computing
OID, the separate regular interests were a single debt instrument.
A subsequent Holder of a Debt Security will also be required to include OID
in gross income, but such a Holder who purchases such Debt Security for an
amount that exceeds its adjusted issue price will be entitled (as will an
initial Holder who pays more than a Debt Security's issue price) to offset such
OID by comparable economic accruals of portions of such excess.
EFFECTS OF DEFAULTS AND DELINQUENCIES. Holders will be required to report
income with respect to the related Securities under an accrual method without
giving effect to delays and reductions in distributions attributable to a
default or delinquency on the Home Equity Loans, except possibly to the extent
that it can be established that such amounts are uncollectible. As a result, the
amount of income (including OID) reported by a Holder of such a Security in any
period could significantly exceed the amount of cash distributed to such Holder
in that period. The Holder will eventually be allowed a loss (or will be allowed
to report a lesser amount of income) to the extent that the aggregate amount of
distributions on the Securities is reduced as a result of a Home Equity Loan
default. However, the timing and character of such losses or reductions in
income are uncertain and, accordingly, Holders of Securities should consult
their own tax advisors on this point.
INTEREST WEIGHTED SECURITIES. It is not clear how income should be accrued
on Debt Securities the payments on which consist solely or primarily of a
specified portion of the interest payments on qualified mortgages held by the
REMIC or on Home Equity Loans underlying Pass-Through Securities ("Interest
Weighted Securities"). The Trust Fund intends to take the position that all of
the income derived from an Interest Weighted Security should be treated as OID
and that the amount and rate of accrual of such OID should be calculated by
treating the Interest Weighted Security as a Compound Interest Security.
However, in the case of Interest Weighted Securities that are entitled to some
payments of principal and that are Regular Interest Securities the IRS could
assert that income derived from an Interest Weighted Security should be
calculated as if the Security were purchased at a premium equal to the excess of
the price paid by such holder for such Security over its stated principal
amount, if any. Under this approach, a holder would be entitled to amortize such
premium amount, if any. Under this approach, a holder would be entitled to
amortize such premium only if it has in effect an election under Section 171 of
the Code with respect to all taxable debt instruments held by such holder, as
described below.
VARIABLE RATE DEBT SECURITIES. Under the OID Regulations, Debt Securities
paying interest at a variable rate (a "Variable Rate Debt Security") are subject
to special rules. A Variable Rate Debt Security will qualify as a "variable rate
debt instrument" if (i) its issue price does not exceed the total
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noncontingent principal payments due under the Variable Rate Debt Security by
more than a specified de minimis amount, (ii) it provides for stated interest,
paid or compounded at least annually, at (a) one or more qualified floating
rates, (b) a single fixed rate and one or more qualified floating rates, (c) a
single objective rate or (d) a single fixed rate and a single objective rate
that is a qualified inverse floating rate, and (iii) it does not provide for any
principal payments that are contingent, as defined in the OID Regulations,
except as provided in clause (i) above.
A "qualified floating rate" is any variable rate where variations in the
value of such rate can reasonably be expected to measure contemporaneous
variations in the cost of newly borrowed funds in the currency in which the
Variable Rate Debt Security is denominated. A multiple of a qualified floating
rate will generally not itself constitute a qualified floating rate for purposes
of the OID Regulations. However, a variable rate equal to (i) the product of a
qualified floating rate and a fixed multiple that is greater than 0.65 but not
more than 1.35 or (ii) the product of a qualified floating rate and a fixed
multiple that is greater than 0.65 but not more than 1.35, increased or
decreased by a fixed rate will constitute a qualified floating rate for purposes
of the OID Regulations. In addition, under the OID Regulations, two or more
qualified floating rates that can reasonably be expected to have approximately
the same values throughout the term of the Variable Rate Debt Security will be
treated as a single qualified floating rate (a "Presumed Single Qualified
Floating Rate"). Two or more qualified floating rates with values within 25
basis points of each other as determined on the Variable Rate Debt Security's
issue date will be conclusively presumed to be a Presumed Single Qualified
Floating Rate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a variable rate that would
otherwise constitute a qualified floating rate but which is subject to one or
more restrictions such as a cap or floor, will not be a qualified floating rate
for purposes of the OID Regulations unless the restriction is fixed throughout
the term of the Variable Rate Debt Security or the restriction will not
significantly affect the yield of the Variable Rate Debt Security. An "objective
rate" is a rate that is not itself a qualified floating rate but which is
determined using a single fixed formula and which is based upon objective
financial or economic information. The OID Regulations also provide that other
variable rates may be treated as objective rates if so designated by the IRS in
the future. Despite the foregoing, a variable rate of interest on a Variable
Rate Debt Security will not constitute an objective rate if it is reasonably
expected that the average value of such rate during the first half of the
Variable Rate Debt Security's term will be either significantly less than or
significantly greater than the average value of the rate during the final half
of the Variable Rate Debt Security's term. Further, an objective rate does not
include a rate that is based on information that is within the control of or
unique to the circumstances of the issuer or a party related to the issuer. An
objective rate will qualify as a "qualified inverse floating rate" if such rate
is equal to a fixed rate minus a qualified floating rate and variations in the
rate can reasonably be expected to inversely reflect contemporaneous variations
in the qualified floating rate. The OID Regulations also provide that if a
Variable Rate Debt Security provides for stated interest at a fixed rate for an
initial period of less than one year followed by a variable rate that is either
a qualified floating rate or an objective rate and if the variable rate on the
Variable Rate Debt Security's issue date is intended to approximate the fixed
rate, then the fixed rate and the variable rate together will constitute either
a single qualified floating rate or objective rate, as the case may be (a
"Presumed Single Variable Rate"). If the value of the variable rate and the
initial fixed rate are within 25 basis points of each other as determined on the
Variable Rate Debt Security's issue date, the variable rate will be conclusively
presumed to approximate the fixed rate.
For Variable Rate Debt Securities that qualify as a "variable rate debt
instrument" under the OID Regulations and provide for interest at either a
single qualified floating rate, a single objective rate, a Presumed Single
Qualified Floating Rate or a Presumed Single Variable Rate throughout the term
(a "Single Variable Rate Debt Security"), OID is computed as described above
based on the following: (i) stated interest on the Single Variable Rate Debt
Security which is unconditionally payable in cash or property (other than debt
instruments of the issuer) at least annually will constitute qualified stated
interest; (ii) by assuming that the variable rate on the Single Variable Debt
Security is a fixed rate
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equal to: (a) in the case of a Single Variable Rate Debt Security with a
qualified floating rate or a qualified inverse floating rate, the value, as of
the issue date, of the qualified floating rate or the qualified inverse floating
rate or (b) in the case of a Single Variable Rate Debt Security with an
objective rate (other than a qualified inverse floating rate), a fixed rate
which reflects the reasonably expected yield for such Single Variable Debt
Security; and (iii) the qualified stated interest allocable to an accrual period
is increased (or decreased) if the interest actually paid during an accrual
period exceeds (or is less than) the interest assumed to be paid under the
assumed fixed rate described in clause (ii) above.
In general, any Variable Rate Debt Security other than a Single Variable
Rate Debt Security (a "Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security") that qualifies as
a "variable rate debt instrument" will be converted into an "equivalent" fixed
rate debt instrument for purposes of determining the amount and accrual of OID
and qualified stated interest on the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security. The
OID Regulations generally require that such a Multiple Variable Rate Debt
Security be converted into an "equivalent" fixed rate debt instrument by
substituting any qualified floating rate or qualified inverse floating rate
provided for under the terms of the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security with a
fixed rate equal to the value of the qualified floating rate or qualified
inverse floating rate, as the case may be, as of the Multiple Variable Rate Debt
Security's issue date. Any objective rate (other than a qualified inverse
floating rate) provided for under the terms of the Multiple Variable Rate Debt
Security is converted into a fixed rate that reflects the yield that is
reasonably expected for the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security. In the case of
a Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security that qualifies as a "variable rate debt
instrument" and provides for stated interest at a fixed rate in addition to
either one or more qualified floating rates or a qualified inverse floating
rate, the fixed rate is initially converted into a qualified floating rate (or a
qualified inverse floating rate, if the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security
provides for a qualified inverse floating rate). Under such circumstances, the
qualified floating rate or qualified inverse floating rate that replaces the
fixed rate must be such that the fair market value of the Multiple Variable Rate
Debt Security as of the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security's issue date is
approximately the same as the fair market value of an otherwise identical debt
instrument that provides for either the qualified floating rate or qualified
inverse floating rate rather than the fixed rate. Subsequent to converting the
fixed rate into either a qualified floating rate or a qualified inverse floating
rate, the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security is then converted into an
"equivalent" fixed rate debt instrument in the manner described above.
Once the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security is converted into an
"equivalent" fixed rate debt instrument pursuant to the foregoing rules, the
amount of OID and qualified stated interest, if any, are determined for the
"equivalent" fixed rate debt instrument by applying the OID rules to the
"equivalent" fixed rate debt instrument in the manner described above. A Holder
of the Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security will account for such OID and
qualified stated interest as if the Holder held the "equivalent" fixed rate debt
instrument. Each accrual period appropriate adjustments will be made to the
amount of qualified stated interest or OID assumed to have been accrued or paid
with respect to the "equivalent" fixed rate debt instrument in the event that
such amounts differ from the accrual amount of interest accrued or paid on the
Multiple Variable Rate Debt Security during the accrual period.
If a Variable Rate Debt Security does not qualify as a "variable rate debt
instrument" under the OID Regulations, then the Variable Rate Debt Security
would be treated as a contingent payment debt obligation. It is not clear under
current law how a Variable Rate Debt Security would be taxed if such Debt
Security were treated as a contingent payment debt obligation.
The IRS has issued final regulations (the "Contingent Regulations")
governing the calculation of OID on instruments having contingent interest
payments. The Contingent Regulations specifically do not apply however to debt
instruments to which Code Section 1272(a)(6) is applicable, such as a Pay-
Through Security. Additionally, the OID Regulations do not contain provisions
specifically interpreting
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Code Section 1272(a)(6). Until the Treasury issues guidelines to the contrary,
the Trustee intends to base its computation of OID on Pay-Through Securities as
described in this Prospectus. However, because no regulatory guidance exists
under Code Section 1272(a)(6), there can be no assurance that such methodology
represents the correct manner of calculating OID.
MARKET DISCOUNT. A purchaser of a Security may be subject to the market
discount rules of Sections 1276-1278 of the Code. A Holder that acquires a Debt
Security with more than a prescribed de minimis amount of "market discount"
(generally, the excess of the principal amount of the Debt Security over the
purchaser's purchase price) will be required to include accrued market discount
in income as ordinary income in each month, but limited to an amount not
exceeding the principal payments on the Debt Security received in that month
and, if the Securities are sold, the gain realized. Such market discount would
accrue in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations but, until such
regulations are issued, such market discount would in general accrue either
(i) on the basis of a constant yield (in the case of a Pay-Through Security,
taking into account a prepayment assumption) or (ii) in the ratio of (a) in the
case of Securities (or in the case of a Pass-Through Security, as set forth
below, the Home Equity Loans underlying such Security) not originally issued
with OID, stated interest payable in the relevant period to total stated
interest remaining to be paid at the beginning of the period or (b) in the case
of Securities (or, in the case of a Pass-Through Security, as described below,
the Home Equity Loans underlying such Security) originally issued at a discount,
OID in the relevant period to total OID remaining to be paid.
Section 1277 of the Code provides that, regardless of the origination date
of the Debt Security (or, in the case of a Pass-Through Security, the Home
Equity Loans), the excess of interest paid or accrued to purchase or carry a
Security (or, in the case of a Pass-Through Security, as described below, the
underlying Home Equity Loans) with market discount over interest received on
such Security is allowed as a current deduction only to the extent such excess
is greater than the market discount that accrued during the taxable year in
which such interest expense was incurred. In general, the deferred portion of
any interest expense will be deductible when such market discount is included in
income, including upon the sale, disposition, or repayment of the Security (or
in the case of a Pass-Through Security, an underlying Home Equity Loan). A
Holder may elect to include market discount in income currently as it accrues,
on all market discount obligations acquired by such Holder during the taxable
year such election is made and thereafter, in which case the interest deferral
rule will not apply.
PREMIUM. A Holder who purchases a Debt Security (other than an Interest
Weighted Security to the extent described above) at a cost greater than its
stated redemption price at maturity, generally will be considered to have
purchased the Security at a premium, which it may elect to amortize as an offset
to interest income on such Security (and not as a separate deduction item) on a
constant yield method. Although no regulations addressing the computation of
premium accrual on securities similar to the Securities have been issued, the
legislative history of the 1986 Act indicates that premium is to be accrued in
the same manner as market discount. Accordingly, it appears that the accrual of
premium on a Class of Pay-Through Securities will be calculated using the
prepayment assumption used in pricing such Class. If a Holder makes an election
to amortize premium on a Debt Security, such election will apply to all taxable
debt instruments (including all REMIC regular interests and all pass-through
certificates representing ownership interests in a trust holding debt
obligations) held by the Holder at the beginning of the taxable year in which
the election is made, and to all taxable debt instruments acquired thereafter by
such Holder, and will be irrevocable without the consent of the IRS. Purchasers
who pay a premium for the Securities should consult their tax advisers regarding
the election to amortize premium and the method to be employed.
Current treasury regulations (the "Amortizable Bond Premium Regulations")
dealing with amortizable bond premium specifically do not apply to prepayable
debt instruments subject to Code Section 1272(a)(6) such as the Pay-Through
Securities. Absent further guidance from the IRS, the Trustee intends to account
for amortizable bond premium in the manner described above. Prospective
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purchasers of the Securities should consult their tax advisors regarding the
possible application of the Amortizable Bond Premium Regulations.
ELECTION TO TREAT ALL INTEREST AS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT. The OID
Regulations permit a Holder of a Debt Security to elect to accrue all interest,
discount (including de minimis market or OID) and premium in income as interest,
based on a constant yield method for Debt Securities acquired on or after
April 4, 1994. If such an election were to be made with respect to a Debt
Security with market discount, the Holder of the Debt Security would be deemed
to have made an election to include in income currently market discount with
respect to all other debt instruments having market discount that such Holder of
the Debt Security acquires during the year of the election or thereafter.
Similarly, a Holder of a Debt Security that makes this election for a Debt
Security that is acquired at a premium will be deemed to have made an election
to amortize bond premium with respect to all debt instruments having amortizable
bond premium that such Holder owns or acquires. The election to accrue interest,
discount and premium on a constant yield method with respect to a Debt Security
is irrevocable.
SALE OR EXCHANGE. A Holder's tax basis in its Debt Security is the price
such Holder pays for a Debt Security, plus amounts of OID or market discount
included in income and reduced by any payments received (other than qualified
stated interest payments) and any amortized premium. Gain or loss recognized on
a sale, exchange, or redemption of a Debt Security, measured by the difference
between the amount realized and the Debt Security's basis as so adjusted, will
generally be capital gain or loss, assuming that the Debt Security is held as a
capital asset. In the case of a Debt Security held by a bank, thrift, or similar
institution described in Section 582 of the Code, however, gain or loss realized
on the sale or exchange of a Debt Security will be taxable as ordinary income or
loss. In addition, gain from the disposition of a Regular Interest Security that
might otherwise be capital gain will be treated as ordinary income to the extent
of the excess, if any, of (i) the amount that would have been includible in the
Holder's income if the yield on such Regular Interest Security had equaled 110%
of the applicable federal rate as of the beginning of such Holder's holding
period, over the amount of ordinary income actually recognized by the Holder
with respect to such Regular Interest Security.
TAXATION OF THE REMIC AND ITS HOLDERS
STATUS OF REGULAR INTEREST SECURITIES. Regular Interest Securities and
Securities representing a residual interest in a REMIC (both types of securities
collectively referred to as "REMIC Securities") will be "real estate assets" for
purposes of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code and assets described in
Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code (assets qualifying under one or both of those
sections, applying each section separately, "qualifying assets" to the extent
that the REMIC's assets are qualifying assets. However, if at least 95 percent
of the REMIC's assets are qualifying assets, then 100 percent of the REMIC
Securities will be qualifying assets. Similarly, income on the REMIC Securities
will be treated as "interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real
property" within the meaning of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, subject to the
limitations of the preceding two sentences. In addition to Home Equity Loans,
the REMIC's assets will include payments on Home Equity Loans held pending
distribution to Holders of REMIC Securities, amounts in reserve accounts (if
any), other credit enhancements (if any) and possibly buydown funds ("Buydown
Funds"). The Home Equity Loans generally will be qualifying assets under both of
the foregoing sections of the Code. However, Home Equity Loans that are not
secured by residential real property or real property used primarily for church
purposes may not constitute qualifying assets under Section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v) of
the Code. In addition, to the extent that the principal amount of a Home Equity
Loan exceeds the value of the property securing the Home Equity Loan, it is
unclear and Federal Tax Counsel is unable to opine whether the Home Equity Loans
will be qualifying assets. The regulations under Sections 860A through 860G of
the Code (the "REMIC Regulations") treat credit enhancements as part of the
mortgage or pool of mortgages to which they relate, and therefore credit
enhancements generally should be
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qualifying assets. Regulations issued in conjunction with the REMIC Regulations
provide that amounts paid on loans and held pending distribution to Holders of
Regular Interest Securities ("cash flow investments") will be treated as
qualifying assets. It is unclear whether reserve funds or Buydown Funds would
also constitute qualifying assets under either of those provisions.
REMIC EXPENSES; SINGLE CLASS REMICS
As a general rule, all of the expenses of a REMIC will be taken into account
by Holders of the Residual Interest Securities. In the case of a "single class
REMIC," however, the expenses will be allocated, under Treasury regulations,
among the Holders of the Regular Interest Securities and the Holders of the
Residual Interest Securities on a daily basis in proportion to the relative
amounts of income accruing to each Holder on that day. In the case of a Holder
of a Regular Interest Security who is an individual or a "pass-through interest
Holder" (including certain pass-through entities but not including real estate
investment trusts), such expenses will be deductible only to the extent that
such expenses, plus other "miscellaneous itemized deductions" of the Holder,
exceed 2% of such Holder's adjusted gross income and such Holder may not be able
to deduct such fees and expenses to any extent in computing such Holder's
alternative minimum tax liability. In addition, the amount of itemized
deductions otherwise allowable for the taxable year for an individual whose
adjusted gross income exceeds the applicable amount will be reduced by the
lesser of (i) 3% of the excess of adjusted gross income over the applicable
amount, or (ii) 80% of the amount of itemized deductions otherwise allowable for
such taxable year. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997, in the
case of a partnership that has 100 or more partners and elects to be treated as
an "electing large partnership," 70% of such partnership's miscellaneous
itemized deductions will be disallowed, although the remaining deductions will
generally be allowed at the partnership level and will not be subject to the 2%
floor that would otherwise be applicable to individual partners. The reduction
or disallowance of this deduction may have a significant impact on the yield of
the Regular Interest Security to such a Holder. In general terms, a single class
REMIC is one that either (i) would qualify, under existing Treasury regulations,
as a grantor trust if it were not a REMIC (treating all interests as ownership
interests, even if they would be classified as debt for federal income tax
purposes) or (ii) is similar to such a trust and which is structured with the
principal purpose of avoiding the single class REMIC rules. Unless otherwise
stated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, the expenses of the REMIC will
be allocated to Holders of the related Residual Interest Securities.
TAXATION OF THE REMIC
GENERAL. Although a REMIC is a separate entity for federal income tax
purposes, a REMIC is not generally subject to entity-level tax. Rather, the
taxable income or net loss of a REMIC is taken into account by the Holders of
residual interests. As described above, the regular interests are generally
taxable as debt of the REMIC.
TIERED REMIC STRUCTURES. For certain Series of Securities, two or more
separate elections may be made to treat designated portions of the related Trust
Fund as REMICs ("Tiered REMICs") for federal income tax purposes. Solely for
purposes of determining whether the REMIC Certificates will be "real estate
assets" within the meaning of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code, and "loans
secured by an interest in real property" under Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the
Code, and whether the income on such Certificates is interest described in
Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, the Tiered REMICs will be treated as one
REMIC.
CALCULATION OF REMIC INCOME. The taxable income or net loss of a REMIC is
determined under an accrual method of accounting and in the same manner as in
the case of an individual, with certain adjustments. In general, the taxable
income or net loss will be the difference between (i) the gross income produced
by the REMIC's assets, including stated interest and any OID or market discount
on loans and other assets, and (ii) deductions, including stated interest and
OID accrued on Regular
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Interest Securities, amortization of any premium with respect to Home Equity
Loans, and servicing fees and other expenses of the REMIC. A Holder of a
Residual Interest Security that is an individual or a "pass-through interest
Holder" (including certain pass-through entities, but not including real estate
investment trusts) will be unable to deduct servicing fees payable on the Home
Equity Loans or other administrative expenses of the REMIC for a given taxable
year, to the extent that such expenses, when aggregated with such Holder's other
miscellaneous itemized deductions for that year, do not exceed 2% of such
Holder's adjusted gross income and such Holder may not be able to deduct such
fees and expenses to any extent in computing such holders alternative minimum
tax liability. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997, in the case
of a partnership that has 100 or more partners and elects to be treated as an
"electing large partnership," 70% of such partnership's miscellaneous itemized
deductions will be disallowed, although the remaining deductions will generally
be allowed at the partnership level and will not be subject to the 2% floor that
would otherwise be applicable to individual partners.
For purposes of computing its taxable income or net loss, the REMIC should
have an initial aggregate tax basis in its assets equal to the aggregate fair
market value of the regular interests and the residual interests on the Startup
Day (generally, the day that the interests are issued). Such aggregate basis
will be allocated among the assets of the REMIC in proportion to their
respective fair market values.
The OID provisions of the Code apply to loans of individuals originated on
or after March 2, 1984. Subject to possible application of the de minimis rules,
the method of accrual by the REMIC of OID income on such loans will be
equivalent to the method under which Holders of Pay-Through Securities accrue
original issue discount (i.e., under the constant yield method taking into
account the Prepayment Assumption). The REMIC will deduct OID on the Regular
Interest Securities in the same manner that the Holders of the Regular Interest
Securities include such discount in income, but without regard to the de minimis
rules.
WE REFER YOU TO "TAXATION OF DEBT SECURITIES (INCLUDING REGULAR INTEREST
SECURITIES)" ABOVE FOR MORE DETAIL.
A REMIC that acquires loans at a market discount must include such market
discount in income currently, as it accrues, on a constant interest basis.
To the extent that the REMIC's basis allocable to loans that it holds
exceeds their principal amounts, the resulting premium, if attributable to
mortgages originated after September 27, 1985, will be amortized over the life
of the loans (presumably taking into account the Prepayment Assumption) on a
constant yield method. Although the law is somewhat unclear regarding recovery
of premium attributable to loans originated on or before such date, it is
possible that such premium may be recovered in proportion to payments of loan
principal.
PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS TAX. The REMIC will be subject to
a 100% tax on any net income derived from a "prohibited transaction." For this
purpose, net income will be calculated without taking into account any losses
from prohibited transactions or any deductions attributable to any prohibited
transaction that resulted in a loss. In general, prohibited transactions
include: (i) subject to limited exceptions, the sale or other disposition of any
qualified mortgage transferred to the REMIC; (ii) subject to a limited
exception, the sale or other disposition of a cash flow investment; (iii) the
receipt of any income from assets not permitted to be held by the REMIC pursuant
to the Code; or (iv) the receipt of any fees or other compensation for services
rendered by the REMIC. It is anticipated that a REMIC will not engage in any
prohibited transactions in which it would recognize a material amount of net
income. In addition, subject to a number of exceptions, a tax is imposed at the
rate of 100% on amounts contributed to a REMIC after the Startup Day. The
Holders of Residual Interest Securities will generally be responsible for the
payment of any such taxes imposed on the REMIC. To the extent not paid by such
Holders or otherwise, however, such taxes will be paid out of the Trust Fund and
will be allocated pro rata to all outstanding Classes of Securities of such
REMIC.
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TAXATION OF HOLDERS OF RESIDUAL INTEREST SECURITIES
The Holder of a Security representing a residual interest (a "Residual
Interest Security") will take into account the "daily portion" of the taxable
income or net loss of the REMIC for each day during the taxable year on which
such Holder held the Residual Interest Security. The daily portion is determined
by allocating to each day in any calendar quarter its ratable portion of the
taxable income or net loss of the REMIC for such quarter, and by allocating that
amount among the Holders (on such day) of the Residual Interest Securities in
proportion to their respective holdings on such day.
The Holder of a Residual Interest Security must report its proportionate
share of the taxable income of the REMIC whether or not it receives cash
distributions from the REMIC attributable to such income or loss. The reporting
of taxable income without corresponding distributions could occur, for example,
in certain REMIC issues in which the Home Equity Loans held by the REMIC were
issued or acquired at a discount, since mortgage prepayments cause recognition
of discount income, while the corresponding portion of the prepayment could be
used in whole or in part to make principal payments on REMIC Regular Interests
issued without any discount or at an insubstantial discount. (If this occurs, it
is likely that cash distributions will exceed taxable income in later years.)
Taxable income may also be greater in earlier years of certain REMIC issues as a
result of the fact that interest expense deductions, as a percentage of
outstanding principal on REMIC Regular Interest Securities, will typically
increase over time as lower yielding Securities are paid, whereas interest
income with respect to loans will generally remain constant over time as a
percentage of loan principal.
In any event, because the Holder of a residual interest is taxed on the net
income of the REMIC, the taxable income derived from a Residual Interest
Security in a given taxable year will not be equal to the taxable income
associated with investment in a corporate bond or stripped instrument having
similar cash flow characteristics and pretax yield. Therefore, the after-tax
yield on the Residual Interest Security may be less than that of such a bond or
instrument.
LIMITATION ON LOSSES. The amount of the REMIC's net loss that a Holder may
take into account currently is limited to the Holder's adjusted basis at the end
of the calendar quarter in which such loss arises. A Holder's basis in a
Residual Interest Security will initially equal such Holder's purchase price,
and will subsequently be increased by the amount of the REMIC's taxable income
allocated to the Holder, and decreased (but not below zero) by the amount of
distributions made and the amount of the REMIC's net loss allocated to the
Holder. Any disallowed loss may be carried forward indefinitely, but may be used
only to offset income of the REMIC generated by the same REMIC. The ability of
Holders of Residual Interest Securities to deduct net losses may be subject to
additional limitations under the Code, as to which such Holders should consult
their tax advisers.
DISTRIBUTIONS. Distributions on a Residual Interest Security (whether at
their scheduled times or as a result of prepayments) will generally not result
in any additional taxable income or loss to a Holder of a Residual Interest
Security. If the amount of such payment exceeds a Holder's adjusted basis in the
Residual Interest Security, however, the Holder will recognize gain (treated as
gain from the sale of the Residual Interest Security) to the extent of such
excess.
SALE OR EXCHANGE. A Holder of a Residual Interest Security will recognize
gain or loss on the sale or exchange of a Residual Interest Security equal to
the difference, if any, between the amount realized and such Holder's adjusted
basis in the Residual Interest Security at the time of such sale or exchange.
Except to the extent provided in regulations, which have not yet been issued,
any loss upon disposition of a Residual Interest Security will be disallowed if
the selling Holder acquires any residual interest in a REMIC or similar mortgage
pool within six months before or after such disposition.
EXCESS INCLUSIONS. The portion of the REMIC taxable income of a Holder of a
Residual Interest Security consisting of "excess inclusion" income may not be
offset by other deductions or losses, including net operating losses, on such
Holder's federal income tax return. Further, if the Holder of a
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Residual Interest Security is an organization subject to the tax on unrelated
business income imposed by Code Section 511, such Holder's excess inclusion
income will be treated as unrelated business taxable income of such Holder. In
addition, under Treasury regulations yet to be issued, if a real estate
investment trust, a regulated investment company, a common trust fund, or
certain cooperatives were to own a Residual Interest Security, a portion of
dividends (or other distributions) paid by the real estate investment trust (or
other entity) would be treated as excess inclusion income. If a Residual
Security is owned by a foreign person, excess inclusion income is subject to tax
at a rate of 30% which may not be reduced by treaty, is not eligible for
treatment as "portfolio interest" and is subject to certain additional
limitations.
WE REFER YOU TO "TAX TREATMENT OF FOREIGN INVESTORS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 eliminated the special rule
permitting Section 593 institutions ("thrift institutions") to use net operating
losses and other allowable deductions to offset their excess inclusion income
from REMIC residual certificates that have "significant value" within the
meaning of the REMIC Regulations, effective for taxable years beginning after
December 31, 1995, except with respect to residual certificates held by thrift
institutions since November 1, 1995.
In addition, the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 provides three
rules for determining the effect on excess inclusions on the alternative minimum
taxable income of a residual holder. First, alternative minimum taxable income
for such residual holder is determined without regard to the special rule that
taxable income cannot be less than excess inclusions. Second, a residual
holder's alternative minimum income for a tax year cannot be less than excess
inclusions for the year. Third, the amount of any alternative minimum tax net
operating loss deductions must be computed without regard to any excess
inclusions. These rules are effective for tax years beginning after
December 31, 1986, unless a residual holder elects to have such rules apply only
to tax years beginning after August 20, 1996.
The excess inclusion portion of a REMIC's income is generally equal to the
excess, if any, of REMIC taxable income for the quarterly period allocable to a
Residual Interest Security, over the daily accruals for such quarterly period of
(i) 120% of the long term applicable federal rate on the Startup Date multiplied
by (ii) the adjusted issue price of such Residual Interest Security at the
beginning of such quarterly period. The adjusted issue price of a Residual
Interest Security at the beginning of each calendar quarter will equal its issue
price (calculated in a manner analogous to the determination of the issue price
of a Regular Interest Security), increased by the aggregate of the daily
accruals for prior calendar quarters, and decreased (but not below zero) by the
amount of loss allocated to a Holder and the amount of distributions made on the
Residual Interest Security before the beginning of the quarter. The long-term
federal rate, which is announced monthly by the Treasury Department, is an
interest rate that is based on the average market yield of outstanding
marketable obligations of the United States government having remaining
maturities in excess of nine years.
Under the REMIC Regulations, in certain circumstances, transfers of Residual
Interest Securities may be disregarded.
WE REFER YOU TO "--RESTRICTIONS ON OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER OF RESIDUAL
INTEREST SECURITIES" AND "TAX TREATMENT OF FOREIGN INVESTORS" BELOW FOR MORE
DETAIL.
RESTRICTIONS ON OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER OF RESIDUAL INTEREST SECURITIES. As
a condition to qualification as a REMIC, reasonable arrangements must be made to
prevent the ownership of a REMIC residual interest by any "Disqualified
Organization." Disqualified Organizations include the United States, any State
or political subdivision thereof, any foreign government, any international
organization, or any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, a rural
electric or telephone cooperative described in Section 1381(a)(2)(C) of the
Code, or any entity exempt from the tax imposed by Sections 1-1399 of the Code,
if such entity is not subject to tax on its unrelated business income.
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Accordingly, the applicable Agreement will prohibit Disqualified Organizations
from owning a Residual Interest Security. In addition, no transfer of a Residual
Interest Security will be permitted unless the proposed transferee shall have
furnished to the Trustee an affidavit representing and warranting that it is
neither a Disqualified Organization nor an agent or nominee acting on behalf of
a Disqualified Organization.
If a Residual Interest Security is transferred to a Disqualified
Organization (in violation of the restrictions set forth above), a substantial
tax will be imposed on the transferor of such Residual Interest Security at the
time of the transfer. In addition, if a Disqualified Organization holds an
interest in a pass-through entity (including, among others, a partnership,
trust, real estate investment trust, regulated investment company, or any person
holding as nominee an interest in a pass-through entity), that owns a Residual
Interest Security, the pass-through entity will be required to pay an annual tax
on its allocable share of the excess inclusion income of the REMIC. For taxable
years beginning after December 31, 1997, all partners of certain electing
partnerships having 100 or more partners ("electing large partnerships") will be
treated as disqualified organizations for purposes of the tax imposed on
pass-through entities if such electing large partnerships hold residual
interests in a REMIC. However, the electing large partnership would be entitled
to exclude the excess inclusion income from gross income for purposes of
determining the taxable income of the partners.
The REMIC Regulations provide that a transfer of a "noneconomic residual
interest" will be disregarded for all federal income tax purposes unless
impeding the assessment or collection of tax was not a significant purpose of
the transfer. A residual interest will be treated as a 'noneconomic residual
interest' unless, at the time of the transfer (1) the present value of the
expected future distributions on the residual interest at least equals the
product of (x) the present value of all anticipated excess inclusions with
respect to the residual interest and (y) the highest corporate tax rate,
currently 35 percent, and (2) the transferor reasonably expects that for each
anticipated excess inclusion, the transferee will receive distributions from the
REMIC, at or after the time at which taxes on such excess inclusion accrue,
sufficient to pay the taxes thereon. A significant purpose to impede the
assessment or collection of tax exists if the transferor, at the time of the
transfer, either knew or should have known (had "improper knowledge") that the
transferee would be unwilling or unable to pay taxes due on its share of the
taxable income of the REMIC. A transferor will be presumed not to have improper
knowledge if (i) the transferor conducts, at the time of the transfer, a
reasonable investigation of the financial condition of the transferee and, as a
result of the investigation, the transferor finds that the transferee has
historically paid its debts as they came due and finds no significant evidence
to indicate that the transferee will not continue to pay its debts as they come
due in the future, and (ii) the transferee represents to the transferor that
(A) the transferee understands that it might incur tax liabilities in excess of
any cash received with respect to the residual interest and (B) the transferee
intends to pay the taxes associated with owning the residual interest as they
come due. A different formulation of this rule applies to transfers of Residual
Interest Security by or to foreign transferees.
WE REFER YOU TO "TAX TREATMENT OF FOREIGN INVESTORS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
MARK TO MARKET RULES. Treasury regulations provide that any REMIC Residual
Interest acquired after January 3, 1995 is not a security and cannot be marked
to market under Section 475.
ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS
The REMIC's books must be maintained on a calendar year basis and the REMIC
must file an annual federal income tax return. The REMIC will also be subject to
the procedural and administrative rules of the Code applicable to partnerships,
including the determination of any adjustments to, among other things, items of
REMIC income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit, by the IRS in a unified
administrative proceeding.
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TAX STATUS AS A GRANTOR TRUST
GENERAL. As further described below, each Holder of a Security issued by a
grantor trust (a "Pass-Through Security") must report on its federal income tax
return the gross income from the portion of the Home Equity Loans that is
allocable to such Pass-Through Security and may deduct the portion of the
expenses incurred or accrued by the Trust Fund that is allocable to such
Pass-Through Security, at the same time and to the same extent as such items
would be reported by such Holder if it had purchased and held directly such
interest in the Home Equity Loans and received or accrued directly its share of
the payments on the Home Equity Loans and incurred or accrued directly its share
of expenses incurred or accrued by the Trust Fund when those amounts are
received, incurred or accrued by the Trust Fund.
A Holder of a Pass-Through Security that is an individual, estate, or trust
will be allowed deductions for such expenses only to the extent that the sum of
those expenses and the Holder's other miscellaneous itemized deductions exceeds
2% of such Holder's adjusted gross income. Further, the amount of itemized
deductions otherwise allowable for the taxable year for an individual whose
adjusted gross income exceeds a prescribed amount will be reduced by the lesser
of (i) 3% of the excess of adjusted gross income over the prescribed amount, or
(ii) 80% of the amount of itemized deductions otherwise allowable for such
taxable year. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997, in the case
of a partnership that has 100 or more partners and elects to be treated as an
"electing large partnership," 70% of such partnership's miscellaneous itemized
deductions will be disallowed, although the remaining deductions will generally
be allowed at the partnership level and will not be subject to the 2% floor that
would otherwise be applicable to individual partners. Moreover, a Holder of a
Pass-Through Security that is not a corporation cannot deduct such expenses for
purposes of the alternative minimum tax (if applicable). Such deductions will
include servicing, guarantee and administrative fees paid to the servicer of the
Mortgage Home Equity Loans. As a result, the Trust Fund will report additional
taxable income to Holders of Pass-Through Securities in an amount equal to their
allocable share of such deductions, and certain holders of Pass-Through
Securities may have taxable income in excess of the cash received.
STATUS OF THE PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES. The Pass-Through Securities will be
"real estate assets" for purposes of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code and "loans
secured by an interest in real property" within the meaning of
Section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v) of the Code (assets qualifying under one or both of
those sections, applying each section separately, "qualifying assets") to the
extent that the Trust Fund's assets are qualifying assets. The Pass-Through
Securities may not be qualifying assets under any of the foregoing sections of
the Code to the extent that the Trust Fund's assets include Buydown Funds,
reserve funds, or payments on mortgages held pending distribution to
Certificateholders. Further, the Pass-Through Securities may not be "real estate
assets" to the extent loans held by the trust are not secured by real property,
and may not be "loans secured by an interest in real property" to the extent
loans held by the trust are not secured by residential real property or real
property used primarily for church purposes. In addition, to the extent that the
principal amount of a loan exceeds the value of the property securing the loan,
it is unclear and Federal Tax Counsel is unable to opine whether the loans will
be qualifying assets.
TAXATION OF PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES UNDER STRIPPED BOND RULES. The federal
income tax treatment of the Pass-Through Securities will depend on whether they
are Securities ("Stripped Securities") subject to the "stripped bond" rules of
section 1286 of the Code. The Pass-Through Securities will be Stripped
Securities if stripped interest-only Certificates are issued. In addition,
whether or not stripped interest-only Certificates are issued, the IRS may
contend that the stripped bond rules apply on the ground that the Servicer's
servicing fee, or other amounts, if any, paid to (or retained by) the Servicer
or its affiliates, as specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement,
represent greater than an arm's length consideration for servicing the Home
Equity Loans and should be characterized for federal income tax purposes as an
ownership interest in the Home Equity Loans. The IRS has taken the
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position in Revenue Ruling 91-46 that a retained interest in excess of
reasonable compensation for servicing is treated as a "stripped coupon" under
the rules of Code Section 1286.
If interest retained for the Servicer's servicing fee or other interest is
treated as a "stripped coupon," the Pass-Through Securities will either be
subject to the OID rules or the market discount rules. A Holder of a Pass-
Through Security will account for any discount on the Pass-Through Security as
market discount rather than OID if either (i) the amount of OID with respect to
the Pass-Through Security was treated as zero under the OID de minimis
rule when the Pass-Through Security was stripped or (ii) no more than 100 basis
points (including any amount of servicing in excess of reasonable servicing) is
stripped off from the Home Equity Loans. If neither of the above exceptions
applies, the OID rules will apply to the Pass-Through Securities.
If the OID rules apply, the Holder of a Pass-Through Security (whether a
cash or accrual method taxpayer) will be required to report interest income from
the Pass-Through Security in each taxable year equal to the income that accrues
on the Pass-Through Security in that year calculated under a constant yield
method based on the yield of the Pass-Through Security (or, possibly, the yield
of each Mortgage underlying such Pass-Through Security) to such Holder. Such
yield would be computed at the rate (assuming monthly compounding) that, if used
in discounting the Holder's share of the payments on the Mortgages, would cause
the present value of those payments to equal the price at which the Holder
purchased the Pass-Through Security. With respect to certain categories of debt
instruments including "any pool of debt instruments the yield on which may be
affected by reason of prepayments (or to the extent provided in regulations, by
reason of other events)," Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code requires that OID be
accrued based on a prepayment assumption determined in a manner prescribed by
forthcoming regulations. If required to report interest income on the
Pass-Through Securities to the IRS under the stripped bond rules, it is
anticipated that the Trustee will calculate the yield of the Pass-Through
Securities based on a representative initial offering price of the Pass-Through
Securities and a reasonable assumed rate of prepayment of the Home Equity Loans
(although such yield may differ from the yield to any particular Holder that
would be used in calculating the interest income of such Holder). The Prospectus
Supplement for each series of Pass-Through Securities will describe the
prepayment assumption that will be used for this purpose, but no representation
is made that the Home Equity Loans will prepay at that rate or at any other
rate.
If a Home Equity Loan is prepaid in full, the Holder of a Pass-Through
Security acquired at a discount or premium generally will recognize ordinary
income or loss equal to the difference between the portion of the prepaid
principal amount of the Home Equity Loan that is allocable to the Pass-Through
Security and the portion of the adjusted basis of the Pass-Through Security (see
"Sales of Pass-Through Securities" below) that is allocable to the Home Equity
Loan. It is not clear whether any other adjustments would be required to reflect
differences between the prepayment rate that was assumed in calculating yield
and the actual rate of prepayments.
TAXATION OF PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES IF STRIPPED BOND RULES DO NOT APPLY. If
the stripped bond rules do not apply to a Pass-Through Security, then the Holder
will be required to include in income its share of the interest payments on the
Home Equity Loans in accordance with its tax accounting method. In addition, if
the Holder purchased the Pass-Through Security at a discount or premium, the
Holder will be required to account for such discount or premium in the manner
described below. The treatment of any discount will depend on whether the
discount is OID as defined in the Code and, in the case of discount other than
OID, whether such other discount exceeds a de minimis amount. In the case of
OID, the Holder (whether a cash or accrual method taxpayer) will be required to
report as additional interest income in each month the portion of such discount
that accrues in that month, calculated based on a constant yield method. In
general it is not anticipated that the amount of OID to be accrued in each
month, if any, will be significant relative to the interest paid currently on
the Home Equity Loans. However, OID could arise with respect to a Home Equity
Loan ("ARM") that provides for interest at a rate equal to the sum of an index
of market interest rates and a fixed number. The
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OID for ARMs generally will be determined under the principles discussed in
"Taxation of Debt Securities (Including Regular Interest Securities)--Variable
Rate Debt Securities."
The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 amended the OID provisions of the Code to
provide that for "any pool of debt instruments, the yield on which may be
affected by reason of prepayments," OID is to be accrued based on a prepayment
assumption determined in a manner prescribed by forthcoming regulations. The
Prospectus Supplement for each series of Pass-Through Securities will describe
the prepayment assumption that will be used for this purpose, but no
representation is made regarding the actual rate at which prepayments will
occur.
If discount other than OID exceeds a de minimis amount (described below),
the Holder will also generally be required to include in income in each month
the amount of such discount accrued through such month and not previously
included in income, but limited, with respect to the portion of such discount
allocable to any Home Equity Loan, to the amount of principal on such Home
Equity Loan received by the Trust Fund in that month. Because the Home Equity
Loans will provide for monthly principal payments, such discount may be required
to be included in income at a rate that is not significantly slower than the
rate at which such discount accrues (and therefore at a rate not significantly
slower than the rate at which such discount would be included in income if it
were OID). The Holder may elect to accrue such discount under a constant yield
method based on the yield of the Pass-Through Security to such Holder (or
possibly based on the yields of each Home Equity Loan). In the absence of such
an election, it may be necessary to accrue such discount under a more rapid
straight-line method. Under the de minimis rule, market discount with respect to
a Pass-Through Security will be considered to be zero if it is less than the
product of (i) 0.25% of the principal amount of the Home Equity Loans allocable
to the Pass-Through Security and (ii) the weighted average life (in complete
years) of the Home Equity Loans remaining at the time of purchase of the
Pass-Through Security.
If a Holder purchases a Pass-Through Security at a premium, such Holder may
elect under Section 171 of the Code to amortize the portion of such premium that
is allocable to a Home Equity Loan under a constant yield method based on the
yield of the Home Equity Loan to such Holder, provided that such Home Equity
Loan was originated after September 27, 1985. Premium allocable to a Home Equity
Loan originated on or before that date should be allocated among the principal
payments on the Home Equity Loan and allowed as an ordinary deduction as
principal payments are made or, perhaps, upon termination.
It is not clear whether the foregoing adjustments for market discount or
premium would be made based on the scheduled payments on the Home Equity Home
Equity Loans or taking account of a reasonable prepayment assumption, and
Federal Tax Counsel is unable to opine on this issue.
If a Home Equity Loan is prepaid in full, the Holder of a Pass-Through
Security acquired at a discount or premium will recognize ordinary income or
loss equal to the difference between the portion of the prepaid principal amount
of the Home Equity Loan that is allocable to the Pass-Through Security and the
portion of the adjusted basis of the Pass-Through Security (see "Sales of
Pass-Through Securities" below) that is allocable to the Home Equity Loan.
Adjustments might be required to reflect differences between the prepayment rate
that was assumed in accounting for discount or premium and the actual rate of
prepayments.
MISCELLANEOUS TAX ASPECTS
BACKUP WITHHOLDING. A Holder, other than a Holder of a Residual Interest
Security, may, under certain circumstances, be subject to "backup withholding"
at a rate of 31% with respect to distributions or the proceeds of a sale of
Securities to or through brokers that represent interest or OID on the
Securities. This withholding generally applies if the Holder of a Security
(i) fails to furnish the Trustee with its taxpayer identification number
("TIN"); (ii) furnishes the Trustee an incorrect TIN; (iii) fails to
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report properly interest, dividends or other "reportable payments" as defined in
the Code; or (iv) under certain circumstances, fails to provide the Trustee or
such Holder's securities broker with a certified statement, signed under penalty
of perjury, that the TIN provided is its correct number and that the Holder is
not subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding will not apply, however,
with respect to certain payments made to Holders, including payments to certain
exempt recipients (such as exempt organizations) and to certain Foreign
Investors (as defined below). Holders should consult their tax advisers as to
their qualification for exemption from backup withholding and the procedure for
obtaining the exemption.
Treasury regulations (the "Final Withholding Regulations"), which are
generally effective with respect to payments made after December 31, 2000,
consolidate and modify the current certification requirements and means by which
a holder may claim exemption from United States federal income tax withholding
and provide certain presumptions regarding the status of holders when payments
to the holders cannot be reliably associated with appropriate documentation
provided to the payor. All holders should consult their tax advisers regarding
the application of the Final Withholding Regulations.
The Trustee will report to the Holders and to the Servicer for each calendar
year the amount of any "reportable payments" during such year and the amount of
tax withheld, if any, with respect to payments on the Securities.
TAX TREATMENT OF FOREIGN INVESTORS
Subject to the discussion below with respect to Trust Funds which are
treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes unless interest
(including OID) paid on a Security (other than a Residual Interest Security) is
considered to be "effectively connected" with a trade or business conducted in
the United States by a Foreign Investor, such interest will normally qualify as
portfolio interest (except where (i) the recipient is a Holder, directly or by
attribution, of 10% or more of the capital or profits interest in the issuer, or
(ii) the recipient is a controlled foreign corporation to which the issuer is a
related person) and will be exempt from federal income tax. For this purpose, a
Foreign Investor is any Holder that is not (i) a citizen or resident of the
United States; (ii) a corporation or partnership organized in or under the laws
of the United States (unless, in the case of a partnership, future Treasury
regulations provide otherwise); (iii) an estate the income of which is
includible in gross income regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust other than
a "foreign trust," as defined in Section 7701(a)(31) of the Code. See "--Tax
Consequences to Holders of the Certificates Issued by a Partnership--Tax
Consequences to Foreign Certificateholders." Upon receipt of appropriate
ownership statements, the issuer normally will be relieved of obligations to
withhold tax from such interest payments. These provisions supersede the
generally applicable provisions of United States law that would otherwise
require the issuer to withhold at a 30% rate (unless such rate were reduced or
eliminated by an applicable tax treaty) on, among other things, interest and
other fixed or determinable, annual or periodic income paid to Foreign
Investors. Holders of Pass-Through Securities however, may be subject to
withholding to the extent that the Home Equity Loans were originated on or
before July 18, 1984.
Interest and OID of a Foreign Investor are not subject to withholding if
they are effectively connected with a United States business conducted by the
Holder and the Holder timely provides an IRS Form 4224. They will, however,
generally be subject to the regular United States income tax.
The Final Withholding Regulations consolidate and modify the current
certification requirements and means by which a non-United States person may
claim exemption from United States federal income tax withholding. All Foreign
Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the
Final Withholding Regulations, which are generally effective with respect to
payments made after December 31, 2000.
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Payments to Holders of Residual Interest Securities who are Foreign
Investors will generally be treated as interest for purposes of the 30% (or
lower treaty rate) United States withholding tax. Holders should assume that
such income does not qualify for exemption from United States withholding tax as
"portfolio interest." It is clear that, to the extent that a payment represents
a portion of REMIC taxable income that constitutes excess inclusion income, a
Holder of a Residual Interest Security will not be entitled to an exemption from
or reduction of the 30% (or lower treaty rate) withholding tax rule. If the
payments are subject to United States withholding tax, they generally will be
taken into account for withholding tax purposes only when paid or distributed
(or when the Residual Interest Security is disposed of). The Treasury has
statutory authority, however, to promulgate regulations which would require such
amounts to be taken into account at an earlier time in order to prevent the
avoidance of tax. Such regulations could, for example, require withholding prior
to the distribution of cash in the case of Residual Interest Securities that do
not have significant value.
Under the REMIC Regulations, if a Residual Interest Security has tax
avoidance potential, a transfer of a Residual Interest Security to a Foreign
Investor will be disregarded for all federal tax purposes. A Residual Interest
Security has tax avoidance potential unless, at the time of the transfer the
transferor reasonably expects that the REMIC will distribute to the transferee
residual interest Holder amounts that will equal at least 30% of each excess
inclusion, and that such amounts will be distributed at or after the time at
which the excess inclusions accrue and not later than the calendar year
following the calendar year of accrual. If a Foreign Investor transfers a
Residual Interest Security to a United States person (that is, a person that is
not a Foreign Investor), and if the transfer has the effect of allowing the
transferor to avoid tax on accrued excess inclusions, then the transfer is
disregarded and the transferor continues to be treated as the owner of the
Residual Interest Security for purposes of the withholding tax provisions of the
Code.
WE REFER YOU TO "TAXATION OF HOLDERS OF RESIDUAL INTEREST SECURITIES--EXCESS
INCLUSIONS" FOR MORE DETAIL.
Subject to the discussion in the previous paragraph, any capital gain
realized on the sale, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of a
Security by a foreign person will be exempt from United States federal income
and withholding tax, provided that (i) such gain is not effectively connected
with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States by the foreign
person and (ii) in the case of an individual foreign person, the foreign person
is not present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year.
TAX CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TRUST AS A PARTNERSHIP OR DIVISION
If a Trust Fund is intended to be a partnership for federal income tax
purposes the applicable Agreements will provide that the nature of the income of
the Trust Fund will exempt it from the rule that certain publicly traded
partnerships are taxable as corporations or the issuance of the Certificates
will be structured as a private placement under an IRS safe harbor, so that the
Trust Fund will not be characterized as a publicly traded partnership taxable as
a corporation, and that no action will be taken that is inconsistent with the
treatment of the Trust Fund as a partnership (such as election to treat the
Trust Fund as a corporation for federal income tax purposes). If, however, the
Trust Fund has a single owner for federal income tax purposes, it will be
treated as a division of its owner and as such will be disregarded as an entity
separate from its owner for federal income tax purposes, assuming no election
will be made to treat the Trust Fund as a corporation for federal income tax
purposes.
Certain entities classified as "taxable mortgage pools" are subject to
corporate level tax on their net income. A "taxable mortgage pool" is generally
defined as an entity that meets the following requirements: (i) the entity is
not a REMIC (or, after September 1, 1997, a FASIT), (ii) substantially all of
the assets of the entity are debt obligations, and more than 50 percent of such
debt obligations consists of real estate mortgages (or interests therein),
(iii) the entity is the obligor under debt
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obligations with two or more maturities, and (iv) payments on the debt
obligations on which the entity is the obligor bear a relationship to the
payments on the debt obligations which the entity holds as assets. With respect
to requirement (iii), the Code authorizes the IRS to provide by regulations that
equity interests may be treated as debt for purposes of determining whether
there are two or more maturities. If the Trust Fund were treated as a taxable
mortgage pool, it would be ineligible to file consolidated returns with any
other corporation and could be liable for corporate tax. Treasury regulations do
not provide for the recharacterization of equity as debt for purposes of
determining whether an entity has issued debt with two maturities, except in the
case of transactions structured to avoid the taxable mortgage pool rules.
Federal Tax Counsel will deliver its opinion for a Trust Fund which is intended
to be a partnership for federal income tax purposes, as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, generally to the effect that the Trust Fund will not be a
taxable mortgage pool. This opinion will be based on the assumption that the
terms of the Agreements and related documents will be complied with, and on
Federal Tax Counsel's conclusion that either the number of classes of debt
obligations issued be the Trust Fund, or the nature of the assets held by the
Trust Fund will exempt the Trust Fund from treatment as a taxable mortgage pool.
TAX CONSEQUENCES TO HOLDERS OF THE NOTES ISSUED BY A PARTNERSHIP OR DIVISION
TREATMENT OF THE NOTES AS INDEBTEDNESS. The Trust Fund will agree, and the
Noteholders will agree by their purchase of Notes, to treat the Notes as debt
for federal income tax purposes. Except as otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, Federal Tax Counsel will advise the Seller that the Notes
will be classified as debt for federal income tax purposes. Consequently,
Holders of Notes will be subject to taxation as described in "Taxation of Debt
Securities (Including Regular Interest Securities)" above for Debt Securities
which are not Regular Interest Securities.
POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT OF THE NOTES. If, contrary to the opinion of
Federal Tax Counsel, the IRS successfully asserted that one or more of the Notes
did not represent debt for federal income tax purposes, the Notes might be
treated as equity interests in the Trust Fund. If so treated, the Trust Fund
would likely be treated as a publicly traded partnership that would not be
taxable as a corporation because it would meet certain qualifying income tests.
Nonetheless, treatment of the Notes as equity interests in such a publicly
traded partnership could have adverse tax consequences to certain Holders. For
example, income to Foreign Investors generally would be subject to U.S. federal
income tax and U.S. federal income tax return filing and withholding
requirements, income to certain tax-exempt entities would be "unrelated business
taxable income," and individual Holders might be subject to certain limitations
on their ability to deduct their share of the Trust Fund's expenses.
TAX CONSEQUENCES TO HOLDERS OF THE CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY A PARTNERSHIP
TREATMENT OF THE TRUST FUND AS A PARTNERSHIP. In the case of a Trust Fund
intended to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, the Trust
Fund and the Seller will agree, and the Certificateholders will agree by their
purchase of Certificates, to treat the Trust Fund as a partnership for purposes
of federal and state income tax, franchise tax and any other tax measured in
whole or in part by income, with the assets of the partnership being the assets
held by the Trust Fund, the partners of the partnership being the
Certificateholders, and the Notes, if any, being debt of the partnership, or if
there is a single Certificateholder for federal income tax purposes, to
disregard the Trust Fund as an entity separate from the Certificateholder.
However, the proper characterization of the arrangement involving the
Certificates, the Notes, the Trust Fund and the Servicer is not clear because
there is no authority on transactions closely comparable to that contemplated
herein.
A variety of alternative characterizations are possible. For example,
because the Certificates have certain features characteristic of debt, the
Certificates might be considered debt of the Trust Fund. Generally, provided
such Certificates are issued at or close to face value, any such
characterization would not result in materially adverse tax consequences to
Certificateholders as compared to the
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consequences from treatment of the Certificates as equity in a partnership,
described below. The following discussion assumes that the Certificates
represent equity interests in a partnership. The following discussion also
assumes that all payments on the Certificates are denominated in U.S. dollars,
none of the Certificates have interest rates which would qualify as contingent
interest under the OID regulations, and that a Series of Securities includes a
single Class of Certificates. If these conditions are not satisfied with respect
to any given Series of Certificates, additional tax considerations with respect
to such Certificates will be disclosed in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
PARTNERSHIP TAXATION. As a partnership, the Trust Fund will not be subject
to federal income tax. Rather, each Certificateholder will be required to
separately take into account such Holder's allocated share of income, gains,
losses, deductions and credits of the Trust Fund. The Trust Fund's income will
consist primarily of interest and finance charges earned on the Home Equity
Loans (including appropriate adjustments for market discount, OID and bond
premium) and any gain upon collection or disposition of Home Equity Loans. The
Trust Fund's deductions will consist primarily of interest and OID accruing with
respect to the Notes, servicing and other fees, and losses or deductions upon
collection or disposition of Home Equity Loans.
The tax items of a partnership are allocable to the partners in accordance
with the Code, Treasury regulations and the partnership agreement (here, the
Trust Agreement and related documents). The Trust Agreement will provide, in
general, that the Certificateholders will be allocated taxable income of the
Trust Fund for each month equal to the sum of (i) the interest that accrues on
the Certificates in accordance with their terms for such month, including
interest accruing at the Pass-Through Rate for such month and interest on
amounts previously due on the Certificates but not yet distributed; (ii) any
Trust Fund income attributable to discount on the Home Equity Loans that
corresponds to any excess of the principal amount of the Certificates over their
initial issue price; (iii) prepayment premium payable to the Certificateholders
for such month; and (iv) any other amounts of income payable to the
Certificateholders for such month. Such allocation will be reduced by any
amortization by the Trust Fund of premium on Home Equity Loans that corresponds
to any excess of the issue price of Certificates over their principal amount.
All remaining taxable income of the Trust Fund will be allocated to the Seller.
Based on the economic arrangement of the parties, this approach for allocating
Trust Fund income should be permissible under applicable Treasury regulations,
although no assurance can be given that the IRS would not require a greater
amount of income to be allocated to Certificateholders. Moreover, even under the
foregoing method of allocation, Certificateholders may be allocated income equal
to the entire Pass-Through Rate plus the other items described above even though
the Trust Fund might not have sufficient cash to make current cash distributions
of such amount. Thus, cash basis Holders will in effect be required to report
income from the Certificates on the accrual basis and Certificateholders may
become liable for taxes on Trust Fund income even if they have not received cash
from the Trust Fund to pay such taxes. In addition, because tax allocations and
tax reporting will be done on a uniform basis for all Certificateholders but
Certificateholders may be purchasing Certificates at different times and at
different prices, Certificateholders may be required to report on their tax
returns taxable income that is greater or less than the amount reported to them
by the Trust Fund.
If Notes are also issued, all of the taxable income allocated to a
Certificateholder that is a pension, profit sharing or employee benefit plan or
other tax-exempt entity (including an individual retirement account) will
constitute "unrelated business taxable income" generally taxable to such a
Holder under the Code.
An individual taxpayer's share of expenses of the Trust Fund (including fees
to the Servicer but not interest expense) would be miscellaneous itemized
deductions. Such deductions might be disallowed to the individual in whole or in
part and might result in such Holder being taxed on an amount of income that
exceeds the amount of cash actually distributed to such Holder over the life of
the Trust Fund.
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The Trust Fund intends to make all tax calculations relating to income and
allocations to Certificateholders on an aggregate basis. If the IRS were to
require that such calculations be made separately for each Home Equity Loan, the
Trust Fund might be required to incur additional expense but it is believed that
there would not be a material adverse effect on Certificateholders.
DISCOUNT AND PREMIUM. It is believed that the Home Equity Loans will not
have been issued with OID and, therefore, the Trust should not have OID income.
However, the purchase price paid by the Trust Fund for the Home Equity Loans may
be greater or less than the remaining principal balance of the Home Equity Loans
at the time of purchase. If so, the Home Equity Loan will have been acquired at
a premium or discount, as the case may be. (As indicated above, the Trust Fund
will make this calculation on an aggregate basis, but might be required to
recompute it on a Home Equity Loan by Home Equity Loan basis.)
If the Trust Fund acquires the Home Equity Loans at a market discount or
premium, the Trust Fund will elect to include any such discount in income
currently as it accrues over the life of the Home Equity Loans or to offset any
such premium against interest income on the Home Equity Loans. As indicated
above, a portion of such market discount income or premium deduction may be
allocated to Certificateholders.
SECTION 708 TERMINATION. Under Section 708 of the Code, the Trust Fund will
be deemed to terminate for federal income tax purposes if 50% or more of the
capital and profits interests in the Trust Fund are sold or exchanged within a
12-month period. If such a termination occurs, the Trust Fund will be considered
to distribute its assets to the partners, who would then be treated as
recontributing those assets to the Trust Fund as a new partnership. The Trust
Fund will not comply with certain technical requirements that might apply when
such a constructive termination occurs. As a result, the Trust Fund may be
subject to certain tax penalties and may incur additional expenses if it is
required to comply with those requirements. Furthermore, the Trust Fund might
not be able to comply due to lack of data.
DISPOSITION OF CERTIFICATES. Generally, capital gain or loss will be
recognized on a sale of Certificates in an amount equal to the difference
between the amount realized and the seller's tax basis in the Certificates sold.
A Certificateholder's tax basis in a Certificate will generally equal the
Holder's cost increased by the Holder's share of Trust Fund income (includible
in income) and decreased by any distributions received with respect to such
Certificate. In addition, both the tax basis in the Certificates and the amount
realized on a sale of a Certificate would include the Holder's share of the
Notes and other liabilities of the Trust Fund. A Holder acquiring Certificates
at different prices may be required to maintain a single aggregate adjusted tax
basis in such Certificates, and, upon sale or other disposition of some of the
Certificates, allocate a portion of such aggregate tax basis to the Certificates
sold (rather than maintaining a separate tax basis in each Certificate for
purposes of computing gain or loss on a sale of that Certificate).
Any gain on the sale of a Certificate attributable to the Holder's share of
unrecognized accrued market discount on the Home Equity Loans would generally be
treated as ordinary income to the Holder and would give rise to special tax
reporting requirements. The Trust Fund does not expect to have any other assets
that would give rise to such special reporting requirements. Thus, to avoid
those special reporting requirements, the Trust Fund will elect to include
market discount in income as it accrues.
If a Certificateholder is required to recognize an aggregate amount of
income (not including income attributable to disallowed itemized deductions
described above) over the life of the Certificates that exceeds the aggregate
cash distributions with respect thereto, such excess will generally give rise to
a capital loss upon the retirement of the Certificates.
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Allocations Between Sellers and Transferees. In general, the Trust Fund's
taxable income and losses will be determined monthly and the tax items for a
particular calendar month will be apportioned among the Certificateholders in
proportion to the principal amount of Certificates owned by them as of the close
of the last day of such month. As a result, a Holder purchasing Certificates may
be allocated tax items (which will affect its tax liability and tax basis)
attributable to periods before the actual transaction.
The use of such a monthly convention may not be permitted by existing
regulations. If a monthly convention is not allowed (or only applies to
transfers of less than all of the partner's interest), taxable income or losses
of the Trust Fund might be reallocated among the Certificateholders. The Trust
Fund's method of allocation between transferors and transferees may be revised
to conform to a method permitted by future regulations.
SECTION 754 ELECTION. In the event that a Certificateholder sells its
Certificates at a profit (loss), the purchasing Certificateholder will have a
higher (lower) basis in the Certificates than the selling Certificateholder had.
The tax basis of the Trust Fund's assets will not be adjusted to reflect that
higher (or lower) basis unless the Trust Fund were to file an election under
Section 754 of the Code. In order to avoid the administrative complexities that
would be involved in keeping accurate accounting records, as well as potentially
onerous information reporting requirements, the Trust Fund currently does not
intend to make such election. As a result, Certificateholders might be allocated
a greater or lesser amount of Trust Fund income than would be appropriate based
on their own purchase price for Certificates.
ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS. The Owner Trustee is required to keep or have kept
complete and accurate books of the Trust Fund. Such books will be maintained for
financial reporting and tax purposes on an accrual basis and the fiscal year of
the Trust Fund will be the calendar year. The Trustee will file[nb]a partnership
information return (IRS Form 1065) with the IRS for each taxable year of the
Trust Fund and will report each Certificateholder's allocable share of items of
Trust Fund income and expense to Holders and the IRS on Schedule K-1. The Trust
Fund will provide the Schedule K-1 information to nominees that fail to provide
the Trust Fund with the information statement described below and such nominees
will be required to forward such information to the beneficial owners of the
Certificates. Generally, Holders must file tax returns that are consistent with
the information return filed by the Trust Fund or be subject to penalties unless
the Holder notifies the IRS of all such inconsistencies.
Under Section 6031 of the Code, any person that holds Certificates as a
nominee at any time during a calendar year is required to furnish the Trust Fund
with a statement containing certain information on the nominee, the beneficial
owners and the Certificates so held. Such information includes (i) the name,
address and taxpayer identification number of the nominee and (ii) as to each
beneficial owner (x) the name, address and identification number of such person,
(y) whether such person is a United States person, a tax-exempt entity or a
foreign government, an international organization, or any wholly owned agency or
instrumentality of either of the foregoing, and (z) certain information on
Certificates that were held, bought or sold on behalf of such person throughout
the year. In addition, brokers and financial institutions that hold Certificates
through a nominee are required to furnish directly to the Trust Fund information
as to themselves and their ownership of Certificates. A clearing agency
registered under Section 17A of the Exchange Act is not required to furnish any
such information statement to the Trust Fund. The information referred to above
for any calendar year must be furnished to the Trust Fund on or before the
following January 31. Nominees, brokers and financial institutions that fail to
provide the Trust Fund with the information described above may be subject to
penalties.
The Seller will be designated as the tax matters partner in the related
Trust Agreement and, as such, will be responsible for representing the
Certificateholders in any dispute with the IRS. The Code
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provides for administrative examination of a partnership as if the partnership
were a separate and distinct taxpayer. Generally, the statute of limitations for
partnership items does not expire before three years after the date on which the
partnership information return is filed. Any adverse determination following an
audit of the return of the Trust Fund by the appropriate taxing authorities
could result in an adjustment of the returns of the Certificateholders, and,
under certain circumstances, a Certificateholder may be precluded from
separately litigating a proposed adjustment to the items of the Trust Fund. An
adjustment could also result in an audit of a Certificateholder's returns and
adjustments of items not related to the income and losses of the Trust Fund.
TAX CONSEQUENCES TO FOREIGN CERTIFICATEHOLDERS. It is not clear whether the
Trust Fund would be considered to be engaged in a trade or business in the
United States for purposes of federal withholding taxes with respect to Foreign
Investors because there is no clear authority dealing with that issue under
facts substantially similar to those described herein. Although it is not
expected that the Trust Fund would be engaged in a trade or business in the
United States for such purposes, the Trust Fund will withhold as if it were so
engaged in order to protect the Trust Fund from possible adverse consequences of
a failure to withhold. The Trust Fund expects to withhold pursuant to
Section 1446 of the Code on the portion of its taxable income that is allocable
to Certificateholders that are Foreign Investors, as if such income were
effectively connected to a U.S. trade or business, at a rate of 35% for foreign
Holders that are taxable as corporations and 39.6% for all other foreign
Holders. Subsequent adoption of Treasury regulations or the issuance of other
administrative pronouncements may require the Trust Fund to change its
withholding procedures.
Each Certificateholder that is a Foreign Investor might be required to file
a U.S. individual or corporate income tax return (including, in the case of a
corporation, the branch profits tax) on its share of the Trust Fund's income. A
foreign Holder generally would be entitled to file with the IRS a claim for
refund with respect to taxes withheld by the Trust Fund taking the position that
no taxes were due because the Trust Fund was not engaged in a U.S. trade or
business. However, interest payments made (or accrued) to a Certificateholder
who is a Foreign Investor generally will be considered guaranteed payments to
the extent such payments are determined without regard to the income of the
Trust Fund. If these interest payments are properly characterized as guaranteed
payments, then the interest probably will not be considered "portfolio
interest." As a result, Certificateholders will be subject to United States
federal income tax and withholding tax at a rate of 30%, unless reduced or
eliminated pursuant to an applicable treaty. In such case, a Foreign Investor
would only be entitled to claim a refund for that portion of the taxes, if any,
in excess of the taxes that should be withheld with respect to the guaranteed
payments.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING. Distributions made on the Certificates and proceeds
from the sale of the Certificates will be subject to a "backup" withholding tax
of 31% if, in general, the Certificateholder fails to comply with certain
identification procedures, unless the Holder is an exempt recipient under
applicable provisions of the Code and, if necessary, adequately demonstrates
such status.
STATE TAX CONSEQUENCES
In addition to the federal income tax consequences described in "FEDERAL
INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES," potential investors should consider the state and
local income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of
the Securities. State and local income tax law may differ substantially from the
corresponding federal law, and this discussion does not purport to describe any
aspect of the income tax laws of any state or locality. Therefore, potential
investors should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the various
state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Securities.
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ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
A fiduciary of an employee benefit plan subject to Title I of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), should consider
the fiduciary standards under ERISA in the context of the plan's particular
circumstances before authorizing an investment of a portion of such plan's
assets in the Securities. Accordingly, among other factors, such fiduciary
should consider (i) whether the investment is for the exclusive benefit of plan
participants and their beneficiaries; (ii) whether the investment satisfies the
diversification requirements of Section 404 of ERISA; (iii) whether the
investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the
plan; and (iv) whether the investment is prudent, considering the nature of the
investment. Fiduciaries of such plans also should consider ERISA's prohibition
on improper delegation of control over, or responsibility for, plan assets.
In addition, fiduciaries of employee benefit plans subject to Title I of
ERISA, as well as certain plans or other retirement arrangements not subject to
ERISA, but which are subject to Section[nb]4975 of the Code (such as individual
retirement accounts and Keogh plans covering only a sole proprietor or
partners), or any entity (including an insurance company general account) whose
underlying assets include plan assets by reason of a plan or account investing
in such entity (collectively, "Plans(s)") are prohibited from engaging in a
broad range of transactions involving Plan assets and persons having certain
specified relationships to a Plan ("parties in interest" and "disqualified
persons"). Such transactions are treated as "prohibited transactions" under
Sections 406 and 407 of ERISA and excise taxes are imposed upon such persons by
Section[nb]4975 of the Code. The Seller, the related Trustee and any underwriter
of the offered Securities and certain of their affiliates might be considered
"parties in interest" or "disqualified persons" with respect to a Plan. If so,
the acquisition, holding or transfer of Securities by, or on behalf of, such
Plan could be considered to give rise to a "prohibited transaction" within the
meaning of ERISA and the Code unless a regulatory exception or administrative
exemption is available. In addition, the Department of Labor ("DOL") has issued
a regulation (29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101) (the "Plan Assets Regulation")
concerning the definition of what constitutes the assets of a Plan, which
provides that, as a general rule, the underlying assets and properties of
corporations, partnerships, trusts and certain other entities in which a Plan
makes an "equity" investment will be deemed for purposes of ERISA to be assets
of the investing Plan unless certain exceptions apply. If an investing Plan's
assets were deemed to include an interest in the Trust Fund and not merely an
interest in the Securities, transactions occurring in connection with the
servicing, management and operation of the Trust Fund between the Seller, the
related Trustee, the Servicer (or any other servicer), any insurer or any of
their respective affiliates might constitute prohibited transactions, and the
assets of the Trust Fund would become subject to the fiduciary investment
standards of ERISA, unless a regulatory exception or administrative exemption
applies.
With respect to offered Securities which are Certificates, the DOL has
issued to a number of underwriters of pass-through certificates, similar to the
Certificates, administrative exemptions (collectively, the "Exemption"), which
generally exempt from the application of the prohibited transaction provisions
of Section 406(a), Section 406(b)(1) and Section 406(b)(2) of ERISA, and the
excise taxes imposed pursuant to Section 4975(a) and (b) of the Code, the
initial purchase, holding and subsequent resale of mortgage-backed or
asset-backed pass-through certificates representing a beneficial undivided
interest in certain fixed pools of assets held in a trust (as defined in
paragraph III. B of Section III of the Exemption), along with certain
transactions relating to the servicing and operation of such asset pools,
provided that certain conditions set forth in the Exemption are satisfied.
Paragraph III. B of Section III of the Exemption provides in part that a trust
means an investment pool the corpus of which is held in trust and consists
solely of: (1) secured consumer receivables, (2) secured credit instruments,
(3) obligations secured by residential or commercial real property,
(4) obligations secured by motor vehicles or equipment or qualified motor
vehicle leases, (5) guaranteed governmental mortgage pool certificates or
(6) an undivided fractional interest in any of the obligations listed in clauses
(1)--(5) above. If the general conditions of Section II of the Exemption are
satisfied, the
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Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections
406(a) and 407(a) of ERISA (as well as the excise taxes imposed by Section
4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of
the Code) in connection with the direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer
of Certificates by Plans in the initial issue of Certificates, the holding of
Certificates by Plans or the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in
the secondary market of Certificates by Plans. However, no exemption is provided
from the restrictions of Sections 406(a)(1)(E), 406(a)(2) and 407 of ERISA for
the acquisition or holding of a Certificate on behalf of an 'Excluded Plan' by
any person who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with
respect to the assets of such Excluded Plan. For purposes of the Certificates,
an Excluded Plan is a Plan sponsored by (1) an underwriter which has been
granted an Exemption (or certain specified entities affiliated or associated
with such underwriter) ("Underwriter"), (2) the Seller, (3) the Servicer (or any
other servicer), (4) the related Trustee, (5) any obligor with respect to Home
Equity Loans constituting more than 5 percent of the aggregate unamortized
principal balance of the Home Equity Loans as of the date of initial issuance,
(6) any insurer and (7) any affiliate or successor of a person described in
(1) to (6) above (the "Restricted Group").
If the specific conditions of paragraph I.B of Section I of the Exemption
are also satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions
imposed by Sections 406(b)(1) and (b)(2) of ERISA and the taxes imposed by
Sections 4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of Section 4975(c)(I)(E) of the
Code in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of
Certificates in the initial issuance of Certificates between the Seller or
Underwriter and a Plan when the person who has discretionary authority or
renders investment advice with respect to the investment of Plan assets in
Certificates is (a) an obligor with respect to 5 percent or less of the fair
market value of the Home Equity Loans or (b) an affiliate of such a person,
(2) the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary market of
Certificates by Plans and (3) the holding of Certificates by Plans.
If the specified conditions of paragraph I.C of Section I of the Exemption
are satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions
imposed by Sections 406(a), 406(b) and 407(a) of ERISA, and the taxes imposed by
Sections 4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of Section 4975(c) of the Code
for transactions in connection with the servicing, management and operation of
the Trust Fund and the assets of the Trust Fund.
The Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by
Sections 406(a) and 407(a) of ERISA, and the taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a)
and (b) of the Code by reason of Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of the Code
if such restrictions are deemed to otherwise apply merely because a person is
deemed to be a "party in interest" or a "disqualified person" with respect to an
investing Plan by virtue of providing services to the Plan (or by virtue of
having certain specified relationships to such a person) solely as a result of
such Plan's ownership of Certificates.
The Exemption sets forth the following seven general conditions which must
be satisfied for a transaction to be eligible for exemptive relief thereunder.
(1) The acquisition of the Certificates by a Plan is on terms (including
the price for the Certificates) that are at least as favorable to the Plan
as they would be in an arm's length transaction with an unrelated party;
(2) The rights and interests evidenced by the Certificates acquired by
the Plan are not subordinated to the rights and interests evidenced by other
Securities issued by the Trust Fund;
(3) The Certificates acquired by the Plan have received a rating at the
time of such acquisition that is one of the three highest generic rating
categories from either Standard[nb]& Poor's Ratings Services, a division of
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Moody's Investors Service, Inc., Duff &
Phelps Credit Rating Co. or Fitch IBCA, Inc. ("National Credit Rating
Agencies");
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(4) The Trustee is not an affiliate of any other member of the
Restricted Group (as defined above);
(5) The sum of all payments made to and retained by the Underwriter in
connection with the distribution of Certificates represents not more than
reasonable compensation for underwriting the Certificates. The sum of all
payments made and retained by the Seller pursuant to the assignment of the
loans to the Trust Fund represents not more than the fair market value of
such loans. The sum of all payments made to and retained by the Servicer or
any other servicer represents not more than reasonable compensation for such
person's services under the pooling and servicing agreement and
reimbursement of such person's reasonable expenses in connection therewith;
and
(6) The Plan investing in the certificates is an "accredited investor"
as defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D under the Securities Act of
1933. The Seller assumes that only Plans which are accredited investors
under the federal securities laws will be permitted to purchase the
Certificates.
(7) The Trust Fund must also meet the following requirements:
(i) the corpus of the Trust Fund must consist solely of assets of the
type that have been included in other investment pools;
(ii) certificates in such other investment pools must have been rated
in one of the three highest rating categories of one of the National
Credit Rating Agencies for at least one year prior to the Plan's
acquisition of Certificates; and
(iii) certificates evidencing interests in such other investment pools
must have been purchased by investors other than Plans for at least one
year prior to any Plan's acquisition of certificates.
On July 21, 1997, the DOL published in the Federal Register a final
amendment to the Exemption which extends exemptive relief to certain
mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities transactions using pre-funding
accounts for trusts issuing pass-through certificates. With respect to the
Certificates, the amendment generally allows a portion of the mortgages or
receivables ("Loans") supporting payments to Certificateholders and having a
principal amount equal to no more than 25% of the total principal amount of the
Certificates to be transferred to the Trust within a 90-day or three-month
period following the Closing Date ("Pre-Funding Period"), instead of requiring
that all such Loans be either identified or transferred on or before the Closing
Date. The relief is effective for transactions occurring on or after May 23,
1997, provided that the following conditions are met:
(1) The ratio of the amount allocated to the Pre-Funding Account to the
total principal amount of the Certificates being offered ("Pre-Funding Limit")
must not exceed twenty-five percent (25%).
(2) All Loans transferred after the Closing Date ("Additional Loans") must
meet the same terms and conditions for eligibility as the original Loans used to
create the Trust Fund, which terms and conditions have been approved by each
Rating Agency.
(3) The transfer of such Additional Loans to the Trust Fund during the
Pre-Funding Period must not result in the Certificates receiving a lower credit
rating from any Rating Agency upon termination of the Pre-Funding Period than
the ratings that were obtained at the time of the initial issuance of the
Certificates by the Trust Fund.
(4) Solely as a result of the use of pre-funding, the weighted average
annual percentage interest rate (the "average interest rate") for all of the
Loans in the Trust Fund at the end of the Pre-Funding Period must not be more
than 100 basis points lower than the average interest rate for the Loans which
were transferred to the Trust Fund on the Closing Date.
(5) Either: (i) the characteristics of the Additional Loans must be
monitored by an insurer or other credit support provider which is independent of
the Seller; or (ii) an independent accountant
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retained by the Seller must provide the Seller with a letter (with copies
provided to each Rating Agency, the Underwriter and the Trustee) stating whether
or not the characteristics of the Additional Loans conform to the
characteristics described in the Prospectus, Prospectus Supplement, Private
Placement Memorandum ("Offering Documents") and/or Pooling and Servicing
Agreement ("Pooling Agreement"). In preparing such letter, the independent
accountant must use the same type of procedures as were applicable to the Loans
which were transferred as of the Closing Date.
(6) The Pre-Funding Period must end no later than three months or 90 days
after the Closing Date or earlier, in certain circumstances, if the amount on
deposit in the Pre-Funding Account is reduced below the minimum level specified
in the Pooling Agreement or an event of default occurs under the Pooling
Agreement.
(7) Amounts transferred to any Pre-Funding Account and/or Capitalized
Interest Account used in connection with the pre-funding may be invested only in
investments which are permitted by each Rating Agency and (i) are direct
obligations of, or obligations fully guaranteed as to timely payment of
principal and interest by, the United States or any agency or instrumentality
thereof (provided that such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit
of the United States); or (ii) have been rated (or the obligor has been rated)
in one of the three highest generic rating categories by each Rating Agency
("Permitted Investments").
(8) The Offering Documents must describe: (i) any Pre-Funding Account and/or
Capitalized Interest Account used in connection with a Pre-Funding Account;
(ii) the duration of the Pre-Funding Period; (iii) the percentage and/or dollar
amount of the Pre-Funding Limit for the Trust Fund; and (iv) that the amounts
remaining in the Pre-Funding Account at the end of the Pre-Funding Period will
be remitted to Certificateholders as repayments of principal.
(9) The Pooling and Servicing Agreement must describe the Permitted
Investments for the Pre-Funding Account and Capitalized Interest Account and, if
not disclosed in the Offering Documents, the terms and conditions for
eligibility of the Additional Loans.
The Exemption may apply to a Plan's purchase, holding and transfer of
Certificates and the operation, management and servicing of the Trust Fund and
the assets of the Trust Fund as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
In addition, in the event the Exemption is not available, certain exemptions
from the prohibited transaction rules may be applicable depending on the type
and circumstances of the plan fiduciary making the decision to acquire a
Certificate. Included among these exemptions are: Prohibited Transaction Class
Exemption ("PTCE") 90-1, regarding investments by insurance company pooled
separate accounts; PTCE 91-38 regarding investments by bank collective
investment funds PTCE 95-60, regarding investments by insurance company general
accounts; PTCE 96-23, regarding transactions affected by in-house asset
managers; and PTCE 84-14, regarding transactions effected by "qualified
professional asset managers."
Certain transactions involving the purchase of Securities which are Notes
might be deemed to constitute prohibited transactions under ERISA and the Code
if the assets of the Trust Fund were deemed to be assets of a Plan. Under the
Plan Assets Regulation, the assets of the Trust Fund would be treated as plan
assets of a Plan for the purposes of ERISA and the Code only if the Plan
acquires an "Equity Interest" in the Trust Fund and none of the exceptions
contained in the Plan Assets Regulation is applicable. An equity interest is
defined under the Plan Assets Regulation as an interest other than an instrument
which is treated as indebtedness under applicable local law and which has no
substantial equity features. The Seller believes that the Notes should be
treated as indebtedness without substantial equity features for purposes of the
Plan Assets Regulation. In addition, even in the event that the Notes are deemed
to be an Equity Interest in the Trust Fund, the Exemption may be applicable to
both a Plan's purchase, holding and transfer of Notes (which in this situation
are considered Certificates for purposes of the Exemption) and the operation,
management and servicing
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of the Trust Fund and the assets of the Trust Fund, if so specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
Without regard to whether the Notes are characterized as Equity Interests,
the acquisition, transfer or holding of Notes by or on behalf of a Plan could be
considered to give rise to a prohibited transaction if the Trust Fund, the
related Trustee or any of their respective affiliates is or becomes a party in
interest or a disqualified person with respect to such Plan or in the event that
a Note is purchased in the secondary market and such purchase constitutes a sale
or exchange between a Plan and a party in interest or disqualified person with
respect to such Plan. In such case, PTCE 90-1, PTCE 91-38, PTCE 95-60, PTCE
96-23 and PTCE 84-14 may be applicable depending on the type and circumstances
of the plan fiduciary making the decision to acquire a Note.
Any Plan fiduciary considering the purchase of Securities should consult
with its counsel with respect to the potential applicability of the fiduciary
responsibility and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Code to
such investment.
LEGAL INVESTMENT
The Securities will not constitute "mortgage-related securities" within the
meaning of SMMEA unless the related Prospectus Supplement specifies that the
Securities will constitute "mortgage related Securities." Accordingly, investors
whose investment authority is subject to legal restrictions should consult their
own legal advisors to determine whether and the extent to which the Securities
constitute legal investments for them.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
On the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting agreement (the
"Underwriting Agreement") with respect to each Trust Fund, the Depositor will
agree to sell to each of the underwriters named therein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement, and each of such underwriters will severally agree to
purchase from the Depositor, the principal amount of each Class of Securities of
the related Series set forth therein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
In each Underwriting Agreement, the several underwriters will agree, subject
to the terms and conditions set forth therein, to purchase all of the Securities
described therein which are offered hereby and by the related Prospectus
Supplement if any of such Securities are purchased. In the event of a default by
any such underwriter, each Underwriting Agreement will provide that, in certain
circumstances, purchase commitments of the nondefaulting underwriters may be
increased, or the Underwriting Agreement may be terminated.
Each Prospectus Supplement will either (i) set forth the price at which each
Class of Securities being offered thereby will be offered to the public and any
concessions that may be offered to certain dealers participating in the offering
of such Securities or (ii) specify that the related Securities are to be resold
by the underwriters in negotiated transactions at varying prices to be
determined at the time of such sale. After the initial public offering of any
Securities, the public offering price and such concessions may be changed.
Each Underwriting Agreement will provide that the Depositor will indemnify
underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act.
Under each Underwriting Agreement, the closing of the sale of any Class of
Securities subject thereto will be conditioned on the closing of the sale of all
other such Classes.
The place and time of delivery for the Securities in respect of which this
Prospectus is delivered will be set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
LEGAL MATTERS
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, certain
legal matters in connection with the Securities will be passed upon for the
Seller by Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP, New York, New York.
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INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
The following are abbreviated definitions of certain capitalized terms used
in this Prospectus. Unless otherwise provided in a "Supplemental Glossary" or
"Index of Defined Terms" in the Prospectus Supplement for a Series, such
definitions will apply to capitalized terms used in such Prospectus Supplement.
The definitions may vary from those in the related Agreement for a Series and
the related Agreement for a Series generally provides a more complete definition
of certain of the terms; however the definitions included herein are materially
correct. Reference should be made to the related Agreement for a Series for a
more complete definition of such terms.
"ACCRUAL TERMINATION DATE" means, with respect to a Class of Compound
Interest Securities, the Distribution Date on which accrued interest on such
Securities becomes payable currently.
"AGREEMENT" means, with respect to a Series of Certificates, the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement or Trust Agreement, and, with respect to a Series of Notes,
the Indenture and the Sale and Servicing Agreement, as the context requires and
with respect to a Series of Notes and Certificates, the relevant combination of
Agreements for such Series.
"APPRAISED VALUE" means, with respect to property securing a Home Equity
Loan, the lesser of the appraised value determined in an appraisal obtained at
origination of the Home Equity Loan or sales price of such property at such
time.
"ASSET GROUP" means, with respect to the Home Equity Loans and other assets
comprising the Trust Fund of a Series, a group of such Home Equity Loans and
other assets having the characteristics described in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
"ASSUMED REINVESTMENT RATE" means, with respect to a Series, the per annum
rate or rates specified in the related Prospectus Supplement for a particular
period or periods as the "Assumed Reinvestment Rate" for funds held in any fund
or account for the Series.
"AVAILABLE DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" means the amount in the Distribution Account
(including amounts deposited therein from any reserve fund or other fund or
account) eligible for distribution to Holders on a Distribution Date.
"BANKRUPTCY CODE" means the federal bankruptcy code, 11 United States Code
101 et seq., and related rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"BUSINESS DAY" means a day that, in the City of New York or in the city or
cities in which the corporate trust office of the Trustee are located, is
neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions are authorized
or obligated by law, regulations or executive order to be closed.
"CERTIFICATES" means the Asset-Backed Certificates.
"CERTIFICATE ACCOUNT" or "COLLECTION ACCOUNT" means, with respect to a
Series, the account established for the deposit by the Servicer of payments
received from the Home Equity Loans.
"CLASS" means a Class of Securities of a Series.
"CLOSING DATE" means, with respect to a Series, the date specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement as the date on which Securities of such Series are
first issued.
"CODE" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations
(including proposed regulations) or other pronouncements of the Internal Revenue
Service promulgated thereunder.
"COMBINED HOME EQUITY LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO" or "CLTV" means, with respect to
a Home Equity Loan, the percentage equivalent of a fraction, the numerator of
which is the sum of (i) the original principal amount of such Home Equity Loan
at the date of origination thereof and (ii) the outstanding
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principal amount of any senior loan on the Mortgaged Property at the time of
origination of such Home Equity Loan, and the denominator of which is the
Appraised Value of such Mortgaged Property at such date of origination.
"COMMISSION" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"COMPOUND INTEREST SECURITY" means any Security of a Series on which all or
a portion of the interest accrued thereon is added to the principal balance of
such Security on each Distribution Date, through the Accrual Termination Date,
and with respect to which no interest shall be payable until such Accrual
Termination Date, after which interest payments will be made on the Compound
Value thereof.
"COMPOUND VALUE" means, with respect to a Class of Compound Interest
Securities, the original principal balance of such Class, plus all accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, previously added to the principal balance thereof and
reduced by any payments of principal previously made on such Class of Compound
Interest Securities.
"CONDOMINIUM" means a form of ownership of real property wherein each owner
is entitled to the exclusive ownership and possession of his or her individual
Condominium Unit and also owns a proportionate undivided interest in all parts
of the Condominium Building (other than the individual Condominium Units) and
all areas or facilities, if any, for the common use of the Condominium Units.
"CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION" means the person(s) appointed or elected by the
Condominium Unit owners to govern the affairs of the Condominium.
"CONDOMINIUM BUILDING" means a multi-unit building or buildings, or a group
of buildings whether or not attached to each other, located on property subject
to Condominium ownership.
"CONDOMINIUM HOME EQUITY LOAN" means a Home Equity Loan secured by a
Mortgage on a Condominium Unit (together with its appurtenant interest in the
common elements).
"CONDOMINIUM UNIT" means an individual housing unit in a Condominium
Building.
"COOPERATIVE" means a corporation owned by tenant-stockholders who, through
the ownership of stock, shares or membership securities in the corporation,
receive proprietary leases or occupancy agreements which confer exclusive rights
to occupy specific units and which is described in Section 216 of the Code.
"COOPERATIVE DWELLING" means an individual housing unit in a building owned
by a Cooperative.
"COOPERATIVE HOME EQUITY LOAN" means a housing loan made with respect to a
Cooperative Dwelling and secured by an assignment by the borrower
(tenant-stockholder) or security interest in shares issued by the applicable
Cooperative.
"CUT-OFF DATE" means the date designated as such in the related Prospectus
Supplement for a Series.
"DEBT SECURITIES" means Securities characterized as indebtedness for federal
income tax purposes, and Regular Interest Securities.
"DEFERRED INTEREST" means the excess of the interest accrued on the
outstanding principal balance of a Home Equity Loan during a specified period
over the amount of interest required to be paid by an obligor on such Home
Equity Loan on the related Due Date.
"DELINQUENCY ADVANCE" means cash advanced by the Servicer in respect of
delinquent payments of principal of and/or interest on a Home Equity Loan to the
extent specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
"DEPOSITOR" means CHEC Asset Receivable Corporation.
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"DISQUALIFIED ORGANIZATION" means the United States, any State or political
subdivision thereof, any possession of the United States, any foreign
government, any international organization, or any agency or instrumentality of
any of the foregoing, a rural electric or telephone cooperative described in
section 1381(a)(2)(C) of the Code, or any entity exempt from the tax imposed by
sections 1-1399 of the Code, if such entity is not subject to tax on its
unrelated business income.
"DISTRIBUTION ACCOUNT" means, with respect to a Series, the account or
accounts established for the deposit of remittances from the Collection Account
for distribution to Securityholders.
"DISTRIBUTION DATE" means, with respect to a Series or Class of Securities,
each date specified as a distribution date for such Series or Class in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
"DUE DATE" means each date, as specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement for a Series, on which any payment of principal or interest is due
and payable by the obligor on any Home Equity Loan pursuant to the terms
thereof.
"ELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS" means any one or more of the obligations or
securities described herein under "THE TRUST FUNDS--Eligible Investments."
"ENHANCEMENT" means a mechanism or instrument which is intended to provide
limited protection to Holders of the applicable Class or Classes of Securities
against losses on the related Home Equity Loans or other shortfalls in funds
necessary to make required distributions on such Class or Classes of Securities.
"ENHANCER" means the provider of the Enhancement for a Series specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement.
"ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended.
"ESCROW ACCOUNT" means an account, established and maintained by the
Servicer for a Home Equity Loan, into which payments by borrowers to pay taxes,
assessments, mortgage and hazard insurance premiums and other comparable items
required to be paid to the mortgagee are deposited.
"EVENT OF DEFAULT" means any one or more of the events described as Events
of Default under "The Agreements--Servicer Termination Events; Events of
Default."
"FDIC" means the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
"FHLMC" or "FREDDIE MAC" means the Federal Home Equity Loan Mortgage
Corporation.
"FINAL SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTION DATE" means, with respect to a Class of Notes
of a Series, the date no later than which principal thereof will be fully paid
and with respect to a Class of Certificates of a Series, the date after which no
Certificates of such Class will remain outstanding, in each case based on the
assumptions set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
"FNMA" or "FANNIE MAE" means the Federal National Mortgage Association.
"HOLDER" or "SECURITYHOLDER" means the person or entity in whose name a
Security is registered.
"HOME EQUITY LOAN" means a closed-end home equity loan secured by a
Mortgaged Property.
"HOME EQUITY LOAN RATE" means, the interest rate borne by a Home Equity
Loan.
"HUD" means the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.
"INDENTURE" means the indenture relating to a Series of Notes between the
Trust Fund and the Trustee.
"INSURANCE POLICIES" means certain mortgage insurance, hazard insurance and
other insurance policies required to be maintained with respect to Home Equity
Loans.
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"INSURANCE PROCEEDS" means amount paid by the insurer under any of the
Insurance Policies covering any Home Equity Loan or Mortgaged Property.
"INTEREST ONLY SECURITIES" means a Class of Securities entitled solely or
primarily to distributions of interest and which is identified as such in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
"IRS" means the Internal Revenue Service.
"LIFETIME RATE CAP" means the lifetime limit if any, on the Home Equity Loan
Rate during the life of each adjustable rate Home Equity Loan.
"LIQUIDATION PROCEEDS" means amounts received by the Servicer in connection
with the liquidation of a Home Equity Loan, net of liquidation expenses.
"MINIMUM RATE" means the lifetime minimum Home Equity Loan Rate during the
life of each adjustable rate Home Equity Loan.
"MIXED-USE PROPERTIES" means structures of no more than three stories, which
include one to four residential dwelling units and 50% or less of the space in
which is used for retail, professional or other commercial uses including
doctor, dentist or law offices, real estate agencies, boutiques, newsstands,
convenience stores or other uses intended to cater to individual customers.
"MORTGAGE" means the mortgage, deed of trust or other similar security
instrument securing a Mortgage Note.
"MORTGAGED PROPERTY" means the real property and improvements thereon
securing a Home Equity Loan.
"MORTGAGE NOTE" means the note or other evidence of indebtedness of a
Mortgagor under the Home Equity Loan.
"MORTGAGOR" means the obligor on a Mortgage Note.
"1986 ACT" means the Tax Reform Act of 1986.
"NOTES" means the Asset-Backed Notes.
"NOTIONAL AMOUNT" means the amount set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement for a Class of Interest Only Securities.
"OTS" means the Office of Thrift Supervision.
"PAC" ("Planned Amortization Class Securities") means a Class of Securities
of a Series on which payments of principal are made in accordance with a
schedule specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, based on certain
assumptions stated therein.
"PAY THROUGH SECURITY" means Regular Interest Securities and certain Debt
Securities that are subject to acceleration due to prepayment on the underlying
Home Equity Loans.
"PERSON" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
association, joint stock company, trust (including any beneficiary thereof),
unincorporated organization, or government or any agency or political
subdivision thereof.
"POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENT" means the pooling and servicing agreement
relating to a Series of Certificates among the Depositor, the Seller, the
Servicer and the Trustee.
"PRINCIPAL BALANCE" means, with respect to a Home Equity Loan and as of a
Due Date, the original principal amount of the Home Equity Loan, plus the amount
of any Deferred Interest added to such principal amount, reduced by all
payments, both scheduled or otherwise, received on such
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Home Equity Loan prior to such Due Date and applied to principal in accordance
with the terms of the Home Equity Loan.
"PRINCIPAL ONLY SECURITIES" means a Class of Securities entitled solely or
primarily to distributions of principal and identified as such in the Prospectus
Supplement.
"QUALIFIED INSURER" means a mortgage guarantee or insurance company duly
qualified as such under the laws of the states in which the Mortgaged Properties
are located duly authorized and licensed in such states to transact the
applicable insurance business and to write the insurance provided.
"RATING AGENCY" means the nationally recognized statistical rating
organization (or organizations) which was (or were) requested by the Seller to
rate the Securities upon the original issuance thereof.
"REGULAR INTEREST" means a regular interest in a REMIC.
"REMIC" means a real estate mortgage investment conduit.
"REMIC ADMINISTRATOR" means the Person, if any, specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement for a Series for which a REMIC election is made, to serve
as administrator of the Series.
"REMIC PROVISIONS" means the provisions of the federal income tax law
relating to real estate mortgage investment conduits, which appear at
sections 860A through 860G of Subchapter M of Chapter 1 of the Code, and related
provisions, and regulations, including proposed regulations and rulings, and
administrative pronouncements promulgated thereunder, as the foregoing may be in
effect from time to time.
"REO PROPERTY" means real property which secured a defaulted Home Equity
Loan, beneficial ownership of which has been acquired upon foreclosure, deed in
lieu of foreclosure, repossession or otherwise.
"RESERVE FUND" means, with respect to a Series, a segregated trust account
into which funds may be deposited on the Closing Date and/or over time in order
to provide a source of funds to provide limited protection to the Holders of one
or more Classes of Securities against losses on the related Home Equity Loans or
other shortfalls in amounts necessary to make required distributions to such
Holders.
"RESIDUAL INTEREST" means a residual interest in a REMIC.
"RETAINED INTEREST" means, with respect to a Home Equity Loan, the amount or
percentage specified in the related Prospectus Supplement which is not included
in the Trust Fund for the related Series.
"SCHEDULED PAYMENTS" means the scheduled payments of principal and interest
to be made by the borrower on a Home Equity Loan.
"SECURITIES" means the Notes or the Certificates.
"SELLER" means Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity
Corporation.
"SENIOR SECURITYHOLDER" means a holder of a Senior Security.
"SENIOR SECURITIES" means a Class of Securities as to which the holders'
rights to receive distributions of principal and interest are senior to the
rights of holders of Subordinate Securities, to the extent specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
"SERIES" means a separate series of Securities sold pursuant to this
Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement.
"SERVICER" means Centex Credit Corporation d/b/a Centex Home Equity
Corporation.
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"SERVICER TERMINATION EVENT" means any one or more of the events described
as Servicer Termination Events under "The Agreements--Servicer Termination
Events; Events of Default."
"SERVICING FEE" means the fee payable to the Servicer on a periodic basis
for servicing and administering the Home Equity Loans in a Trust Fund and
calculated at the rate and on the basis set forth in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
"SINGLE FAMILY PROPERTY" means property securing a Home Equity Loan
consisting of one-to four-family attached or detached residential housing,
including Cooperative Dwellings.
"STRIPPED SECURITIES" means Pass-Through Securities representing interests
in Home Equity Loans with respect to which all or a portion of the principal
payments have been separated from all or a portion of the interest payments.
"SUBORDINATED SECURITIES" means a Class of Securities as to which the rights
of holders to receive distributions of principal, interest or both is
subordinated to the rights of holders of Senior Securities or other Classes of
securities which are themselves subordinate to other Classes, and may be
allocated losses and shortfalls prior to the allocation thereof to other Classes
of Securities, to the extent and under the circumstances specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
"TRUSTEE" means the trustee under the applicable Agreement and its
successors.
"TRUST FUND" means, with respect to any Series of Securities, the trust
holding all money, instruments, securities and other property, including all
proceeds thereof, which are, with respect to a Series of Certificates, held for
the benefit of the Holders by the Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or Trust Agreement or, with respect to a Series of Notes, pledged to
the Trustee under the Indenture as a security for such Notes, including, without
limitation, the Home Equity Loans (except any Retained Interests), rights to all
amounts in the Distribution Account Collection Account, Certificate Account,
Pre-Funding Account, Capitalized Interest Account or Reserve Funds, if any,
distributions on the Home Equity Loans (net of servicing fees), and reinvestment
earnings on such net distributions and rights to any Enhancement and all other
property and interest held by or pledged to the Trustee pursuant to the related
Agreement for such Series.
"UCC" means the Uniform Commercial Code.
"VARIABLE INTEREST SECURITY" means a Security on which interest accrues at a
rate that is adjusted, based upon a predetermined index, at fixed periodic
intervals, all as set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
"VARIABLE INTEREST SECURITIES" means a Class of Securities on which interest
will accrue at a per annum rate that will vary from Distribution Date to
Distribution Date based on changes in the weighted average of the interest rates
borne by the related Home Equity Loans or changes in the level of an index used
to calculate such per annum rate of interest.
"ZERO COUPON SECURITY" means a Security entitled to receive payments of
principal only.
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$305,000,000
(APPROXIMATE)
CENTEX HOME EQUITY LOAN TRUST 1999-4
[LOGO]
CENTEX HOME EQUITY LOAN
ASSET-BACKED CERTIFICATES, SERIES 1999-4
CENTEX CREDIT CORPORATION
D/B/A
CENTEX HOME EQUITY CORPORATION,
AS ORIGINATOR AND SERVICER
CHEC ASSET RECEIVABLE CORPORATION,
AS DEPOSITOR
------------------------------
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
------------------------------
SALOMON SMITH BARNEY
BANC OF AMERICA SECURITIES LLC
December 1, 1999
