<PAGE>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
__________
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report
(Date of earliest event reported): July 28, 1999
Advanstar, Inc.
----------------------------------------
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Delaware 333-57201 94-3243499
- ---------------------------- ------------- -------------------
(State or Other Jurisdiction (Commission (IRS Employer
of Incorporation) File Number) Identification No.)
545 Boylston Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02116
- --------------------------------- -------------------
(Address of Principal Executive (Zip Code)
Offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (617) 267-6500
<PAGE>
Item 2. Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.
-------------------------------------
On July 28, 1999, Advanstar Communications Inc. (the "Company"), a wholly-
owned subsidiary of Advanstar, Inc., completed its acquisition of certain
assets of Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, LLC, and LPL/Style Group, LLC, each a
limited liability company organized under the laws of Delaware
(collectively, "Larkin"). Larkin, headquartered in Newton,
Massachusetts, is a producer, promoter and provider of trade shows for
the fashion industry. The Company intends to integrate the acquired
businesses of Larkin with the Company's existing operations.
The aggregate purchase price for the transaction was approximately
$133.0 million in cash. The source of the funds used in this acquisition
was the Company's existing credit facility, (as amended concurrently with
the acquisition to provide additional borrowing capacity to finance the
acquisition) and this acquisition will be accounted for using the
purchase method of accounting. The purchase price and terms for the
transaction were determined in arms-length negotiations.
This Current Report on Form 8-K contains forward-looking statements made
pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on
these forward-looking statements, including statements about plans and
objectives of management and market growth and opportunity. These forward-
looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual
results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking
statements. Important cautionary statements and risk factors that would
affect actual results are discussed in the Company's periodic reports and
registration statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
including those under the caption entitled "Factors That May Affect Future
Results" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 1999.
1
<PAGE>
Item 7. Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial Information and Exhibits.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Financial Statements of the Tradeshow Business of Larkin-Pluznick-
Larkin, Inc.:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Report of Independent Accountants.............................................................. 3
Balance Sheet as of February 28, 1999 and May 31, 1999 (unaudited)............................. 4
Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income for the year ended
February 28, 1999 and the six months ended May 31, 1999 (unaudited).......................... 5
Statement of Owners' Net Investment for the year ended February 28, 1999....................... 6
Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended February 28, 1999 and the
six months ended May 31, 1999 (unaudited)..................................................... 7
Notes to Financial Statements.................................................................. 8
(b) Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information:
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet as of June 30, 1999................................ 16
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations for the year ended
December 31, 1998........................................................................... 18
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations for the six months ended
June 30, 1999............................................................................... 20
(c) Exhibits 21
</TABLE>
2
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors of
Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc.:
In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheet and the related statements of
earnings and comprehensive income, changes in owners' net investment, and cash
flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The
Tradeshow Business of Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc. (the "Business") at February
28, 1999, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then
ended, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Business's management; our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audit. We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with
generally accepted auditing standards which require that we plan and perform the
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements,
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We
believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed
above.
These financial statements reflect The Tradeshow Business of Larkin-Pluznick-
Larkin, Inc., which is a component of Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc. (see Footnote
A). As disclosed in Footnote I, on May 27, 1999, Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc.
signed a letter of intent to sell substantially all of the assets of the
Business.
June 21, 1999
3
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
BALANCE SHEET
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
February 28, May 31,
1999 1999
----------- -----------
ASSETS (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents (Note B) $ 2,223,464 $ 2,642,032
Available-for-sale securities (Note C) 2,309,710 2,299,255
Accounts receivable, less allowance of $28,966 227,151 215,588
Receivables from related parties 62,596 63,285
Prepaid expenses (Note B) 2,008,258 1,023,568
----------- -----------
Total current assets 6,831,179 6,243,728
Property and equipment, at cost (Note B):
Data processing and printing equipment 1,877,691 1,997,736
Capitalized software 707,028 733,230
Office furniture and equipment 763,419 787,090
Leasehold improvements 517,880 525,507
----------- -----------
3,866,018 4,043,563
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (Note B) 2,395,949 2,470,883
----------- -----------
1,470,069 1,572,680
Other noncurrent assets:
Trademark, less accumulated amortization of $6,666 3,334 2,834
Goodwill and other intangible assets, less
accumulated amortization of $124,110 (Notes B and D) 2,857,332 2,773,448
----------- -----------
Other investments 132,000 154,000
----------- -----------
2,992,666 2,930,282
----------- -----------
Total assets $11,293,914 $10,746,690
=========== ===========
<CAPTION>
LIABILITIES AND OWNERS' NET INVESTMENT
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,910,828 2,164,701
Payable to related parties (Note H) 643,158 616,353
Deferred income (Note B) 3,989,251 653,181
Dividends payable 600,000 -
Accrued state income taxes (Note E) 766,005 633,656
----------- -----------
Total current liabilities 7,909,242 4,067,891
Noncurrent liabilities:
Payable to owners (Note H) 3,586,183 3,586,183
Commitments (Note F)
Net contribution from owners 3,044 3,044
Accumulated other comprehensive income (25,314) (25,314)
Retained earnings (deficit) (179,241) 3,114,886
----------- -----------
Total owners' net investment (201,511) 3,092,616
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and owners' net investment $11,293,914 $10,746,690
=========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
</TABLE>
4
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended Six months
February 28, ended
1999 May 31, 1999
------------ ------------
(unaudited)
<S> <C> <C>
Revenues, net of agency discounts $ 34,829,437 $ 21,758,037
Direct costs 13,765,130 8,168,924
----------- -----------
21,064,307 13,589,113
Operating expenses 15,706,595 11,094,086
----------- -----------
Earnings from operations 5,357,712 2,495,027
Other income (expense):
Interest income 355,535 62,280
Interest expense (302,870) (157,127)
Miscellaneous income 42,986 137,566
----------- -----------
Earnings before state income taxes 5,453,363 2,537,746
State income taxes 325,370 172,147
----------- -----------
Net earnings $ 5,127,993 $ 2,365,599
=========== ===========
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gains on securities available for sale:
Unrealized gain (loss) arising during period 92,117 92,117
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income 63,380 63,380
----------- -----------
Total other comprehensive income 28,737 28,737
----------- -----------
Comprehensive income $ 5,156,730 $ 2,394,336
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
5
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN OWNERS' NET INVESTMENT
for the year ended February 28, 1999
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Accumulated
Other Retained Total
Net Contribution Comprehensive Earnings Owners' Net
From Owners Income (Loss) (Deficit) Investment
---------------- ------------- ------------ -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at February 28, 1998 $34,402 $(54,051) $ 2,417,559 $ 2,397,910
Change in other
comprehensive income 28,737 28,737
Stock redemption (Note H) (31,358) (4,826,698) (4,858,056)
Capital funding of subsidiaries (498,095) (498,095)
Net earnings for period 5,127,993 5,127,993
Dividends declared (2,400,000) (2,400,000)
------- -------- ----------- -----------
Balance at February 28, 1999 $ 3,044 $(25,314) $ (179,241) $ (201,511)
======= ======== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
6
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended Six months
February 28, ended
1999 May 31, 1999
------------ ------------
(unaudited)
<S> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings $ 5,127,993 $ 2,365,599
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating
activities:
Amortization and depreciation 573,767 335,612
Realized (gain) loss on available-for-sale securities 63,380 (9,774)
Bad debt expense 17,153 15,710
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (381,337) (32,085)
Related party receivables 16,161 391,250
Prepaid expenses 324,602 580,824
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,148,678 1,248,704
Deferred income (1,198,330) (3,528,080)
Accrued state income taxes 156,678 376,758
------------ -----------
Net cash provided by operations 5,848,745 1,744,518
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (907,163) (115,520)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities 1,308,373 728,381
Purchase of property and equipment (460,002) (307,637)
Capital funding of subsidiaries (498,095) (691,654)
Purchase of acquired company, net of cash acquired (2,986,442) -
Purchases of other investments (22,000) (22,000)
------------ -----------
Net cash used in investing activities (3,565,329) (408,430)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends paid (2,400,000) (600,000)
Payment of liability associated with stock redemption (1,271,873) (1,271,873)
Related party payables 643,158 616,353
------------ -----------
Net cash used in financing activities (3,028,715) (1,255,520)
------------ -----------
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (745,299) 80,568
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 2,968,763 2,561,464
------------ -----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 2,223,464 $ 2,642,032
============ ===========
- ----------- -----------
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year:
Income taxes $357,750 -
Interest paid $305,547 -
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
</TABLE>
7
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A. Nature of Business:
------------------
The Tradeshow Business of Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc. (the "Business") is a
producer of various trade shows and a related publication that pertain to the
women's clothing, children's clothing and fabric industries. These events
take place in the United States. The Business has been carved out from its
parent, Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc. (the "Company"). The Company's
consolidated financial statements include the Business, two additional
publications ("School Band and Orchestra" and "Musical Merchandise Review")
and three wholly-owned subsidiaries (EasySoft, Clearlink and TSNN). These
financial statements of the Business reflect the financial position, results
of operations and cash flows of the tradeshow business and its related
publication (Accent).
B. Summary of Accounting Policies:
------------------------------
A summary of significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of
the accompanying financial statements follows:
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements do not include the assets, liabilities, owners'
net investment, results of operations and cash flows applicable to two
publications ("School Band and Orchestra" and "Musical Merchandise Review")
that are being retained by the current owners. In addition, the financial
statements do not include the Company's three wholly-owned subsidiaries.
The statement of operations does not include certain costs and expenses
allocated to the two publications and the three wholly-owned subsidiaries
being retained by the current owners. These costs and expenses have been
allocated based on management's estimates of the cost of services provided
to the publications by the Company. Such costs include production costs
and general and administrative expenses. Such allocations are based on
either a direct pass through or a percentage of total costs for the
services provided based on factors such as headcount, square footage and
sales. Management believes that these allocations are based on assumptions
that are reasonable under the circumstances. However, these allocations
and estimates are not necessarily indicative of the costs and expenses
which would have resulted if the publications had been operated as a
separate entity.
The Company's three wholly-owned subsidiaries are operated as separate,
independent entities of The Tradeshow Business of Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin,
Inc. and the two publications. Accordingly, the Company's costs and
expenses were not shared with the three subsidiaries and did not require
allocations in the preparation of the financial statements of the Business.
The financial statements of the Business are derived from the historic
books and records of the Company.
The Company and the Business have no external borrowings. An allocation
has been made of the interest expense incurred in connection with the stock
redemption described in Note H based on the relative sales of the Business
compared to the sales of the Company. The Business's
8
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
balance sheet included 100% of the activity related to the owners' stock
redemption and dividend distributions and accruals. The owners' net
investment has been reduced by the net assets of the two publications and
the three wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company that are being retained
by the current owners.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Business considers all
highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or
less at time of purchase to be cash equivalents.
Available-for-Sale Securities
Investments are stated at fair value as reported by the investment
custodians. All investments are designated as available-for-sale in
accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities," and, as such, unrealized gains and losses are reported as a
separate component of comprehensive income and realized gains and losses
are included in the statement of earnings.
The Business may experience fluctuations in the realized and unrealized
gains and losses on investments from one year to the next due to trends in
interest rates.
Risk and Uncertainties
The Business maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times,
may exceed federally insured limits. Also, certain cash and available-for-
sale investment amounts are held in an institutional account managed by a
large money management firm. The Business believes it is not exposed to
any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents or available-for-
sale investments.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and contingent
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual
results could differ from those estimates.
Prepaid Expenses
Prepaid expenses consist primarily of direct costs relating to future shows
including deposits, marketing, insurance and postage.
9
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Upon retirement or disposition,
the cost of the assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation
are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in
the determination of net earnings.
Depreciation
Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives using a
combination of straight-line and accelerated methods. The estimated useful
lives of property and equipment are as follows:
Years
------
Data processing and printing equipment 5 - 7
Capitalized software 5
Office furniture and equipment 5 - 7
Leasehold improvements 31.5 - 39
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist principally of goodwill and trademarks and are
amortized on a straight-line basis over periods of 4 to 10 years.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Business reserves for the impairment of long-lived and certain
identifiable intangibles whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. All
impairment losses would be recognized when estimated future cash flows
expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition
is less than its carrying amount. The Business has not identified any such
impairment losses.
Revenue Recognition and Deferred Income
The Business recognizes show revenue upon completion of a show and
recognizes publication income when the issue is mailed. Deferred income
principally represents advance payments received, net of discounts, for
booth space in trade shows to be held in the next fiscal year.
Comprehensive Income
In 1999, the Business adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 130 ("SFAS 130"), "Reporting Comprehensive Income." This statement
established rules for reporting comprehensive income and its components.
Comprehensive income consists of net income and unrealized appreciation
(depreciation) on available-for-sale securities and is presented in the
consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income. The adoption
of SFAS No. 130 had no impact on net earnings or owners' net investment.
10
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 131,
"Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information."
This statement establishes standards for the way companies report
information about operating segments in annual financial statements. It
also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and
services, geographic areas and major customers. The Business has
determined that it does not have any separately reportable business
segments as of February 28, 1999.
In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
issued Statement of Position ("SOP") No. 98-1, "Software for Internal Use,"
which provides guidance on accounting for the cost of computer software
developed or obtained for internal use. SOP No. 98-1 is effective for
financial statements for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1998.
The Business does not expect that the adoption of SOP No. 98-1 will have a
material impact on its financial statements.
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No.
133 ("SFAS 133"), "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities," which requires that all derivative instruments be recorded on
the balance sheet at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of
derivatives are recorded each period in current earnings or other
comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is designated as
part of a hedge transaction. Management of the Business does not expect a
material impact on its results of operations or financial position
resulting from the adoption of SFAS 133 because the Business currently does
not hold derivative instruments.
C. Available-for-Sale Securities:
-----------------------------
The Business accounts for its short-term investments in accordance with the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 ("SFAS
115"), "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities."
At February 28, 1999, the cost of available-for-sale securities, which
principally consist of municipal bonds and equities, was $2,335,024. The
maturities of available-for-sale securities held at February 28, 1999, are
approximately $177,000 within one year, $372,000 from one to five years,
$400,000 from five to ten years, and $1,125,000 greater than ten years. All
available-for-sale investments are classified as current assets consistent
with their use.
11
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
D. Intangible Assets:
-----------------
On January 17, 1996 the Company, on behalf of the Business, acquired the
trademark, "TAG, the accessory and garment leather show" ("TAG"), denoting a
trade show sponsored by Leather Industries of America, Inc. The purchase
price for TAG consists of $10,000 in cash plus a percentage of gross
deposits and fees.
Capitalized costs for the TAG purchase at February 28, 1999 include the
following:
Trademark $10,000
Less accumulated amortization (6,666)
-------
Net intangible asset $ 3,334
=======
On July 30, 1998 the Company, on behalf of the Business, acquired the assets
of Style Industrie ("Style") for $1,400,000. Additionally, the asset
purchase agreement provided for the Company to pay the following amounts to
the former owner of Style: (i) one-third of revenue from the September 1998
show, (ii) $150,000 if the September 1998 show revenue exceeded $1,500,000,
(iii) one-third of revenue from the February 1999 show, and (iv) $150,000 if
the February 1999 show revenue exceeded $1,500,000. In total, the Company
made additional payments of $1,586,442 related to the purchase of Style.
Therefore, the total purchase price for Style was $2,986,442 which was
allocated primarily to goodwill, as well as to a covenant not to compete and
intellectual property.
E. Federal and State Income Taxes:
------------------------------
The Business is not a separate taxable entity for federal, state or local
income tax purposes and its taxable income is included in the consolidated
Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc. tax returns. The Business accounts for income
taxes under the separate return method in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 ("SFAS 109"), "Accounting for Income
Taxes."
Pursuant to an election under Subchapter S of the Internal Revenue Code, net
earnings pass through to the Company's stockholders for federal tax
purposes. The financial statements of the Business are prepared as if the
Business is also a Subchapter S. Accordingly, no provisions have been made
for federal income taxes in the financial statements of the Business. For
state income tax purposes, the Company is taxed at the corporate level in
California and New York City and at the corporate and individual levels in
Massachusetts and New York State. This Business has prepared its provision
using the same assumptions for state income tax purposes.
The provision for income taxes is determined in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS 109, which requires recognition of deferred tax
liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events
that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under
this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the
difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and
liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect from the year in which the
differences are expected to reverse.
12
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
F. Commitments and Contingency:
---------------------------
The Company, on behalf of the Business, has contracted to lease a convention
center on dates specified for future shows. The future liability at February
28, 1999, for these leases through October 1999, was $1,308,020, of which
$687,084 was on deposit as of February 28, 1999. Lease payments are payable
regardless of whether or not the convention space is used during the lease
period. Rent expense related to the convention center was $1,773,360 for the
year ended February 28, 1999.
The Company, on behalf of the Business, leases office space in Newton,
Massachusetts, New York City, and Los Angeles. These leases expire on
various dates through December 2002. Rent expense for office space,
including lease escalation expenses, was $709,363 for the year ended
February 28, 1999.
Total minimum rental payments and lease commitments, including convention
space, are as follows:
Convention Office
Fiscal Year Space Space Total
------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
1999 $1,308,020 $ 591,224 $1,899,244
2000 509,361 509,361
2001 555,223 555,223
2002 471,152 471,152
---------- ---------- ----------
$1,308,020 $2,126,960 $3,434,980
========== ========== ==========
G. Employee Benefit Plans:
----------------------
The Company maintains a 401(k) Profit Sharing and Savings Plan (the "Plan"),
which is a defined contribution plan with a 401(k) provision. Employees of
the Business participate in the Company's Plan. The Plan is a voluntary
program in which employees who meet certain requirements can contribute up
to 15% of their gross annual salary subject to certain IRS limitations. The
Business will match 25% of the first 8% of its employee contributions. In
addition, the Business, at its option, may make a discretionary
contribution. The Business did make discretionary contributions for its
employees of approximately $102,000 in 1999, and total pension expense under
the Plan was approximately $147,000 in 1999 for the Business.
13
<PAGE>
THE TRADESHOW BUSINESS OF
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
H. Stock Redemption:
----------------
On March 1, 1998, the Company redeemed 13,608 shares of non-voting common
stock from three of the seven shareholders of the Company. This transaction
leaves the remaining number of shares outstanding at 14,392, which are owned
equally by the seven shareholders. In return for the redeemed shares, the
Company issued five-year notes totaling $4,858,056 and bearing interest of
7% per year to the three shareholders. The notes require interest to be paid
each year beginning in February 1999 and the principal to be paid in
February 2003, however, principal payments can be made at any time during
the five year period without a penalty. During 1999, the Company made
principal and interest payments to the three shareholders in the amounts of
$1,271,873 and $305,549, respectively, leaving a remaining balance of
$3,586,183. This amount is presented as payable to owners on the balance
sheet of the Business. In order to partially fund these payments, three
other shareholders of the Company loaned money to the Company. This amount
of $622,466 has been included in the payable to related parties on the
balance sheet of the Business.
I. Subsequent Events:
-----------------
On May 27, 1999, the Company signed a letter of intent to sell substantially
all of the assets of the Business to Advanstar, Inc. for $140 million.
14
<PAGE>
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet as of June 30, 1999 includes
the historical accounts of Advanstar at June 30, 1999 and Larkin at May 31, 1999
and gives effect to the Larkin acquisition as if it had occurred on June 30,
1999. The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the year
ended December 31, 1998 includes the historical operations of Advanstar and
gives effect to the Larkin acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 1998.
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the six months
ended June 30, 1999 includes the historical operations of Advanstar and gives
effect to the Larkin acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 1999.
The unaudited pro forma combined financial information has been prepared by
the management of Advanstar and has been derived from the historical statements
of operations and balance sheets of Advanstar and Larkin. We have accounted for
the Larkin acquisition under the purchase method of accounting.
On July 28, 1999 we acquired the trade show business and certain other
assets from Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, Inc., for cash consideration of
approximately $127.0 million and two promissory notes in the aggregate of
approximately $6.0 million..
The unaudited pro forma combined financial information is not designed to
represent and does not represent what Advanstar's results of operations actually
would have been had the aforementioned transaction been completed as of the
dates indicated, or to project Advanstar's results of operations for any future
period. The Pro Forma Adjustments are based on available historical financial
information and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and
accompanying notes thereto.
When you read the unaudited combined pro forma balance sheet as of June 30,
1999 presented in the table below, please consider the following about the pro
forma adjustments:
. Cash and cash equivalents, available for sale securities and property,
plant & equipment represent the elimination of Larkin's historical
balances which were excluded from the assets acquired;
. goodwill and other intangible assets represent the preliminary
allocation of the aggregate purchase price of the Larkin acquisition
as follows (in millions):
Historical net book value of net assets acquired $ 650
--------
Excess purchase prices over net liabilities assumed
(allocated to goodwill and intangible assets 132,350
Aggregate purchase price $133,000
========
The excess purchase price over net liabilities assumed is partially
offset by the elimination of Larkin's historical goodwill and other
intangible assets.
Goodwill and intangible assets will be amortized on a straight line
basis over 23 years. After giving effect to the pro forma adjustments,
at June 30, 1999, goodwill represented 79.3% of total pro forma assets;
. accounts payable, payable to related parties and income taxes payable
represent the elimination of Larkin's historical balances which were
excluded from the liabilities assumed;
. long-term debt represents incremental borrowings to finance the Larkin
acquisition;
. common stock, retained earnings and accumulated other comprehensive
income represent the elimination of the historical capital accounts
and accumulated earnings of Larkin.
15
<PAGE>
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
AS OF JUNE 30, 1999
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Pro forma
Advanstar Larkin Adjustments Pro forma
--------- ------ ----------- ---------
ASSETS
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 14,530 $ 2,642 $ (2,642) $ 14,530
Available for sale securities - 2,299 (2,299) -
Accounts receivable, net 30,944 279 - 31,223
Prepaid expenses 11,890 1,024 - 12,914
Other 1,093 - - 1,093
--------------------------------------------------------
Total current assets 58,457 6,244 (4,941) 59,760
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, net 15,297 1,573 (1,573) 15,297
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES, net 569,580 2,930 129,420 701,930
--------------------------------------------------------
$ 643,334 $ 10,747 $ 122,906 $ 776,987
========================================================
<CAPTION>
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Current maturities of long-term debt $ 12,965 $ - $ - $ 12,965
Accounts payable 14,362 2,165 (2,165) 14,362
Payable to related parties - 4,202 (4,202) -
Accrued compensation 6,308 - - 6,308
Income taxes payable 2,136 634 (634) 2,136
Other accrued liabilities 10,137 - - 10,137
Deferred revenue 48,611 653 - 49,264
--------------------------------------------------------
Total current liabilities 94,519 7,654 (7,001) 95,172
LONG-TERM DEBT, net of current maturities 393,152 - 133,000 526,152
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES 2,350 - - 2,350
MINORITY INTEREST 17,990 - - 17,990
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Common stock 336 3 (3) 336
Capital in excess of par 187,588 - - 187,588
Retained earnings (deficit) (47,300) 3,115 (3,115) (47,300)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (5,301) (25) 25 (5,301)
--------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholder's equity 135,323 3,093 (3,093) 135,323
--------------------------------------------------------
$ 643,334 $ 10,747 $ 122,906 $ 776,987
========================================================
</TABLE>
16
<PAGE>
When you read the unaudited combined pro forma statement of operations data
for the year ended December 31, 1998 presented in the table below, please
consider that the results of operations of Larkin represent the results for the
12 months ended February 28, 1999.
When you read the table below for the year ended December 31, 1998, you
should consider the following pro forma adjustments:
. gross profit represents the elimination of $0.3 million of show
contractor costs in connection with the Larkin acquisition. These
costs will be eliminated as a result of the acquisition.
. general and administrative expenses represent the elimination of
(1)$6.0 million of shareholder payments to certain shareholders of
Larkin-Pluznik-Larkin, Inc., that will not recur following our
acquisition of Larkin, (2) $0.9 million of other non-recurring costs
related to our acquisition of Larkin;
. depreciation and amortization represent the incremental amortization
of goodwill arising from the Larkin acquisition; we are amortizing
this goodwill on a straight line basis over 23 years;
. interest income (expense), net represents incremental interest expense
on borrowing under our credit facility to finance the Larkin
acquisition as if it had been completed on January 1, 1998.
When reading the other financial data presented in the table below, you
should also consider the following:
. we define EBITDA as operating income plus amortization and
depreciation;
. our calculation of EBITDA may not be comparable to other companies'
calculations;
. EBITDA does not represent, and should not be considered, an
alternative to net income or cash flow from operations; and
. EBITDA does not take into account our working capital requirements,
debt service requirements and other commitments and does not
necessarily indicate amounts that may be available to us for
discretionary uses.
We have included this data in the table below because we believe that EBITDA
provides useful information regarding our ability to service and/or incur
indebtedness. Our lenders have indicated that the amount of indebtedness we will
be permitted to incur will be based, in part, on our EBITDA.
17
<PAGE>
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Pro forma
Advanstar Larkin Adjustments Pro forma
--------- ------ ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Statement of Operations:
Net Revenue $ 259,825 $ 34,829 $ - $ 294,654
Gross profit 90,790 21,064 333 112,187
General and administrative expenses 33,486 15,133 (6,886) 41,733
Non-cash stock option compensation 3,397 3,397
Depreciation and amortization 51,331 574 5,629 57,534
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Operating income (loss) 2,576 5,357 1,590 9,523
Interest income (expense), net (27,862) 53 (10,244) (38,053)
Other income (expense), net (1,886) 43 - (1,843)
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before income taxes (27,172) 5,453 (8,654) (30,373)
Provision for income taxes 1,264 325 - 1,589
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) $ (28,436) $ 5,128 $ (8,654) $ (31,962)
========= ======== ========= =========
Net income (loss) per share, diluted) $ (0.96) $ (1.08)
========= =========
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted 29,652 29,652
Other Financial Data:
EBITDA $ 53,828 $ 5,931 $ 7,219 $ 66,978
EBITDA Margin 20.7% 17.0% 22.7%
Non-cash stock option compensation $ 3,397 $ 3,397
Depreciation and amortization 51,823 $ 574 $ 5,629 58,026
Capital expenditures 4,154 460 4,614
Set forth below is a reconciliation of operating income to EBITDA for the periods indicated:
<CAPTION>
Pro forma
Advanstar Larkin Adjustments Pro forma
--------- ------ ----------- ---------
Operating income (loss) $ 2,576 $ 5,357 $ 1,590 $ 9,523
Depreciation and amortization 51,823 574 5,629 58,026
Minority interest (571) - - (571)
--------- -------- --------- ---------
EBITDA $ 53,828 $ 5,931 $ 7,219 $ 66,978
========= ======== ========= =========
</TABLE>
18
<PAGE>
When you read the unaudited combined pro forma statement of operations for
the six month period ended June 30, 1999 presented in the table below, please
consider that Larkin's results of operations represent results of operations for
the six months ended May 31, 1999. The three months period ended February 28,
1999 included in the six month period ended May 31, 1999 are also included in
the unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the year ended
December 31, 1998.
When you read the table below for the six month period ended June 30, 1999,
you should consider the following about the pro forma adjustments:
. gross profit represents the elimination of $0.2 million of show
contractor costs in connection with the Larkin acquisition. These
costs will be eliminated as a result of the acquisition;
. general and administrative expenses represent the elimination of (1)
$4.4 million of shareholder payments to certain shareholders of Larkin-
Pluznik-Larkin, Inc., that will not recur following our acquisition of
Larkin, (2) $0.7 million of other non-recurring costs related to our
acquisition of Larkin;
. depreciation and amortization represent the incremental amortization of
goodwill arising from the Larkin acquisition; we are amortizing this
goodwill on a straight line basis over 23 years;
. interest income (expense), net represents incremental interest expense
on borrowing under our credit facility to finance the Larkin
acquisition as if it had been completed on January 1, 1999.
When reading the other financial data presented in the table below, you
should also consider the following:
. we define EBITDA as operating income plus amortization and depreciation;
. our calculation of EBITDA may not be comparable to other companies'
calculations;
. EBITDA does not represent, and should not be considered, an alternative
to net income or cash flow from operations; and
. EBITDA does not take into account our working capital requirements, debt
service requirements and other commitments and does not necessarily
indicate amounts that may be available to us for discretionary uses.
We have included this data in the table below because we believe that
EBITDA provides useful information regarding our ability to service and/or incur
indebtedness. Our lenders have indicated that the amount of indebtedness we
will be permitted to incur will be based, in part, on our EBITDA.
19
<PAGE>
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE SIX MONTH PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 1999
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Pro forma
Advanstar Larkin Adjustments Pro forma
--------- ------ ------------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Statement of Operations:
Net Revenue $170,174 $ 21,758 $ - $ 191,932
Gross profit 64,224 13,589 217 78,030
General and administrative expenses 20,015 10,758 (5,124) 25,649
Non-cash stock option compensation 4,695 - - 4,695
Depreciation and amortization 20,955 336 2,815 24,106
--------- -------- ----------- ---------
Operating income (loss) 18,559 2,495 2,526 23,580
Interest income (expense), net (17,391) (95) (5,075) (22,561)
Other income (expense), net (29) 138 - 109
--------- -------- ----------- ---------
Income (loss) before income taxes 1,139 2,538 (2,549) 1,128
Provision for income taxes 694 172 - 866
--------- -------- ----------- ---------
Net income (loss) $ 445 $ 2,366 $(2,549) $ 262
========= ======== =========== ==========
Net income (loss) per share, diluted $ 0.01 $ 0.01
========= ==========
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted 34,525 34,525
Other Financial Data:
EBITDA $ 39,457 $ 2,831 $ 5,341 $ 47,629
EBITDA Margin 23.2% 13.0% 24.8%
Non-cash stock option compensation $ 4,695 $ - $ - $ 4,695
Depreciation and amortization 21,248 336 2,815 24,399
Capital expenditures 3,138 308 - 3,446
Set forth below is a reconciliation of operating income to EBITDA for the periods indicated:
<CAPTION>
Six month period ended June 30, 1999
----------------------------------------------------
Pro forma
Advanstar Larkin Adjustments Pro forma
--------- ------ ------------- ---------
Operating income (loss) $ 18,559 $ 2,495 $ 2,526 $ 23,580
Depreciation and amortization 21,248 336 2,815 24,399
Minority interest (350) - - (350)
--------- ------ ------------- ---------
EBITDA $ 39,457 $ 2,831 $ 5,341 $ 47,629
========= ====== ============= =========
</TABLE>
20
<PAGE>
Item 7. (c) Exhibits
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit No. Description
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
2.1 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 1, 1999, by and among
Advanstar Communications Inc.; Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, LLC;
LPL/Style Group, LLC; Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin Company; the
Andrew J. Larkin Stock Trust; the David Larkin Stock Trust;
the Jonathan Larkin Stock Trust; the Susan J. Larkin Stock
Trust; Alan B. Larkin; Andrew J. Larkin; David Larkin;
Harold S. Larkin; Jonathan Larkin; Susan J. Larkin; and
Selma Pluznick.*
99.1 Press release of the Company dated July 12, 1999.
99.2 Amended Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") dated as of May 31,
1996, as amended and restated as of July 28, 1999, among the Company, the
Guarantors (as defined in the Credit Agreement), the Lenders (as defined
in the Credit Agreement) and The Chase Manhattan Bank.
99.3 Press release of the Company dated August 9, 1999.
</TABLE>
* The exhibits and schedules to the Asset Purchase Agreement are not being
filed herewith. The Company undertakes to furnish supplementally a copy of any
omitted schedule or exhibit to the Commission upon request. Pursuant to Item
601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, set forth below is a list of the omitted exhibits
and schedules.
Asset Purchase Agreement (Exhibit 2.1 hereto)
---------------------------------------------
Schedule 1.2(d) - Excluded Assets
Schedule 1.2(f) - Excluded Contracts
Schedule 2.1(a) - Seller's Account
Schedule 2.2 - Preliminary Closing Statement
Schedule 2.3 - Purchase Price Allocation
Schedule 3.2(c) - Closing Consents
Schedule 4.1 - Subsidiaries and Predecessors
Schedule 4.3 - Breaches
Schedule 4.4 - Owners
Schedule 4.5 - Litigation
Schedule 4.7 - Properties
Schedule 4.8(a) - Financial Statements
Schedule 4.8 (b) - Material Changes
Schedule 4.8(d) - Certain Expenses
Schedule 4.9 - Tangible Assets
Schedule 4.10(a) - Exhibitor Contracts
Schedule 4.10(b) - Exhibitor Contract form, rates and deviations
Schedule 4.10(c) - Past Exhibitor Lists
Schedule 4.11(a) - Advertiser Contracts
21
<PAGE>
Schedule 4.11(b) - Advertiser invoice and rates
Schedule 4.11(d) - Canceled Advertisers
Schedule 4.12(a) - Material Contracts
Schedule 4.12(b) - Consents
Schedule 4.13(a) - Number of Attendees
Schedule 4.13(b) - Use of Attendee Lists
Schedule 4.14(a) - Circulation Reports
Schedule 4.14(c) - Use of Subscriber Lists
Schedule 4.16 - Trademarks
Schedule 4.18 - Insurance
Schedule 4.19 - Related Party Transactions
Schedule 4.20(a) - Employees
Schedule 4.20(b) - Agents
Schedule 4.21 - Plans
Schedule 4.22(c) - Tax Returns
Schedule 4.24 - Software
Exhibit A-1 - One-Year Note
Exhibit A-2 - Two-Year Note
Exhibit A-3 - Letter of Credit
Exhibit B - Bill of Sale and General Assignment
Exhibit C - Registered Trademark Assignment
Exhibit D - Registered Copyright Assignment
Exhibit E - Assignment and Assumption Agreement
Exhibit F - Form of Consulting Agreement
Exhibit G - Escrow Agreement
22
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned authorized officer.
ADVANSTAR, INC.
August 11, 1999
By: /s/ David W. Montgomery
-------------------------------
David W. Montgomery
Vice President-Finance and
Chief Financial Officer
23
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
-------------
Exhibit No. Description
- ------------ -----------
2.1 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 1, 1999, by and among
Advanstar Communications Inc.; Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin, LLC;
LPL/Style Group, LLC; Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin Company; the Andrew
J. Larkin Stock Trust; the David Larkin Stock Trust; the Jonathan
Larkin Stock Trust; the Susan J. Larkin Stock Trust; Alan B.
Larkin; Andrew J. Larkin; David Larkin; Harold S. Larkin;
Jonathan Larkin; Susan J. Larkin; and Selma Pluznick.
99.1 Press release of the Company dated July 12, 1999.
99.2 Amended Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") dated as of May
31, 1996, as amended and restated as of July 28, 1999, among the
Company, the Guarantors (as defined in the Credit Agreement), the
Lenders (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and The Chase
Manhattan Bank.
99.3 Press release of the Company dated August 9, 1999.
24
<PAGE>
ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT
ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT dated as of July 1, 1999 by and among ADVANSTAR
COMMUNICATIONS INC. ("Buyer"), a New York corporation having a place of business
at 545 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02116; LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, LLC (together
with its predecessors, "Parent"), a Delaware limited liability company having a
place of business at 100 Wells Avenue, Newton, MA 02459; LPL/STYLE GROUP, LLC
("Subsidiary" and together with Parent referred to collectively as "Seller"), a
Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent having
a principal place of business at 100 Wells Avenue, Newton, MA 02459; LARKIN-
PLUZNICK-LARKIN COMPANY (the "Trust"), a Massachusetts business trust and sole
member of Parent having a place of business at 100 Wells Avenue, Newton, MA
02459; Alan B. Larkin, an individual residing at 295 Nahanton Street, Newton
Centre, MA 02159, individually and as trustee of the Andrew J. Larkin Stock
Trust (the "AJL Stock Trust"), the David Larkin Stock Trust (the "DL Stock
Trust"), and the Jonathan Larkin Stock Trust (the "JL Stock Trust"); Andrew J.
Larkin, an individual residing at 23 Tubwreck Road, Dover, MA 02030; David
Larkin, an individual residing at 123 Prince Street, New York, NY 10012; Harold
S. Larkin, an individual residing at 41 Hammond Pond Parkway, Chestnut Hill, MA
02167, individually and as trustee of the Susan J. Larkin Stock Trust (the "SJL
Stock Trust," and together with the AJL Stock Trust, the DL Stock Trust and the
JL Stock Trust, referred to collectively as the "Stock Trusts"); Jonathan
Larkin, an individual residing at 330 E. 30th Street, New York, NY 10016; Susan
J. Larkin, an individual residing at 54 Hillcrest Road, Weston, MA 02193; and
Selma Pluznick, an individual residing at 211 East Grand Avenue, Old Orchard
Beach, ME 04064 (all of such individuals, in their individual capacities, are
referred to collectively as the "Principals," and together with the Trust and
the Stock Trusts are referred to collectively as the "Owners").
WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase from Seller, and Seller desires to sell
to Buyer all right, title and interest in and to all of the tangible and
intangible assets (the "Assets") other than the Excluded Assets (as hereinafter
defined) used in connection with the business (the "Business"), as a going
concern, of (a) organizing, promoting, producing and managing the Events (as
hereinafter defined), (b) marketing, selling, producing and distributing the
Publication (as hereinafter defined) and (c) providing Ancillary Products (as
hereinafter defined), on the terms and conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS, the Principals are the ultimate beneficial owners of all the
interests in the Trust and, indirectly, of Seller;
THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises contained herein,
Buyer, Seller, and the Owners hereby agree as follows:
<PAGE>
ARTICLE I
---------
PURCHASE AND SALE OF ASSETS
1.1 Purchase and Sale of Assets. Upon the terms and conditions herein set
---------------------------
forth, Seller hereby agrees to sell, convey, transfer, assign, grant and
deliver to Buyer, and Buyer hereby agrees to purchase, acquire and accept
from Seller at the Closing (as hereinafter defined), all of Seller's right,
title and interest in and to the Assets, free and clear of all liabilities,
obligations, pledges, security interests, liens, claims, defenses, setoffs,
equities, encumbrances or charges (collectively, "Encumbrances"), other
than those included in the Assumed Liabilities. The Assets include,
without limitation, the following:
(a) all goodwill of all of Seller's trade shows, expositions and
conferences (the "Events"), including, without limitation,
International Fashion Boutique Show, Style Industrie, International
Fashion Kids Show, International Fashion Fabric Exhibition and Pret
America, including all right to organize, promote, produce and manage
the Events;
(b) all goodwill of Accent (the "Publication"), including, without
limitation, all right to market, sell, produce and distribute the
Publication;
(c) all goodwill of the Business and all of Seller's products and services
ancillary to the Events and/or the Publication (the "Ancillary
Products"), including, without limitation, One Source, including the
right to represent to third parties that Buyer is the successor to the
Business and all right to provide the Ancillary Products;
(d) all lists and databases, in any and all forms and media, of past and
prospective exhibitors, attendees, seminar/conference registrants,
vendors, sponsors, speakers, press, advertisers and other participants
in, subscribers and contributors to, or customers of, the Events, the
Publication, the Ancillary Products and/or the Business, all records
and correspondence related thereto, and all rights to manage, use and
rent the names and addresses contained on such lists;
(e) all work in process with respect to any of the Events to be held after
the Closing Date ("Future Events");
(f) all work in process with respect to any issue of the Publication to be
published as of a date after the Closing Date (the "Future
Publications");
(g) all work in process with respect to any of the Ancillary Products to
be delivered after the Closing Date (the "Future Ancillary Products");
(h) all printed matter relating to the Events, the Publication and/or the
Ancillary Products in the possession and/or control of Seller,
including, without limitation, sales solicitation materials,
promotional materials, seminar/conference materials, direct mail
materials, labels and Event or Publication stationery;
-2-
<PAGE>
(i) all correspondence, data, files and records relating to the Events,
the Publication, the Ancillary Products, the Assets and/or the
Business;
(j) all right, title and interest in copyrights to and/or licenses to use
the materials used or generated in the Publication or otherwise in
connection with the Business (the "Copyrights"), and all copyright
applications and registrations therefor;
(k) all right, title and interest in and to the names, service marks,
trademarks, designations and logos other than the Excluded Trademarks
(as hereinafter defined) currently or previously used in connection
with the Business (the "Trademarks"), and all trademark applications
and registrations therefor;
(l) all copies of back and current issues of the Publication in the
possession and/or control of Seller or any affiliates;
(m) all inventory and supplies relating to the Business, including,
without limitation, paper, editorial material, photographs, film,
artwork, illustrations, printing plates, stationery and other
production materials;
(n) all research materials relating to the Business, including, without
limitation, event research, readership studies and advertising
research;
(o) all permissions, consents, releases, waivers and licenses related to
the Publication and/or editorial material included in the Assets;
(p) all subscriptions to Future Publications;
(q) except as set forth on Schedule 1.2(d), all furniture, fixtures,
---------------
computers, communication devices and other equipment and machinery
used in connection with the Business;
(r) the proprietary software (if any) and the non-proprietary software (to
the extent assignable) used in connection with the Business;
(s) any URLs or websites used in connection with the Business;
(t) the Closing Assets (as hereinafter defined);
(u) accounts receivable (and the proceeds thereof) from unaffiliated third
parties generated in connection with Events held prior to the Closing
Date ("Seller's Events"), the Publication published as of a date prior
to the Closing Date ("Seller's Publications") or in connection with
Ancillary Products delivered prior to the Closing Date ("Seller's
Ancillary Products");
(v) all of Seller's right, title and interest in and to tentative bookings
at the Javits Convention Center; and
-3-
<PAGE>
(w) all of Seller's right, title, and interest in and to the following
(collectively, the "Assumed Contracts"): Exhibitor Contracts (as
hereinafter defined), the Advertiser Contracts (as hereinafter
defined) and all other contracts, agreements, leases, licenses,
employment agreements, contributor agreements, consulting agreements,
facility contracts, facility date reservations, hotel or housing
arrangements, service contracts, sponsorship agreements, list rental
agreements, barter arrangements or other arrangements of any nature
whether written or oral, to which Seller is a party and which
primarily relate to or are necessary for the operation of the Business
and/or the conduct of any Future Events, Future Publications or Future
Ancillary Products, except for Excluded Contracts (as hereinafter
defined).
1.2 Excluded Assets. The following assets of Seller (the "Excluded Assets")
---------------
are not included in the Assets and shall be retained by Seller:
(a) cash and cash equivalents;
(b) all of Parent's right, title and interest in and to the shares of the
capital stock or membership interests, as the case may be, of Easy
Soft, Inc., Clearlink Corporation and AES Internet, LLC and any and
all tangible and intangible assets (including, without limitation, any
assets of a nature described in Section 1.1 of this Agreement) used by
Parent and/or such entities exclusively in connection with the
businesses conducted by such entities;
(c) all of Parent's right, title and interest in and to Subsidiary and in
the capital stock, membership interests or other equity interests in
any of the other entities listed on Schedule 4.1;
------------
(d) the assets listed on Schedule 1.2(d);
---------------
(e) accounts receivable (and the proceeds thereof) due to Seller from any
affiliate of Seller or other related party;
(f) all of Seller's right, title, and interest in and to any contracts,
agreements and other arrangements listed on Schedule 1.2(f)
---------------
(collectively, the "Excluded Contracts");
(g) all of Seller's right, title and interest in and to the magazines
Musical Merchandise Review and School Band & Orchestra (the "Excluded
Publications"), and all tangible and intangible assets (including,
without limitation, assets of a nature described in Section 1.1 of
this Agreement) used by Seller exclusively in connection with the
Excluded Publications and the businesses related thereto;
-4-
<PAGE>
(h) all right, title and interest in and to the names Larkin, Pluznick and
any combination or derivation thereof, and all service marks,
trademarks, designations and logos related thereto (collectively, the
"Excluded Trademarks"), and all trademark applications and
registrations therefor;
(i) the Plans (as hereinafter defined);
(j) the Insurance Policies (as hereinafter defined) and all life insurance
policies on the lives of certain of the Principals;
(k) tax refunds and rebates attributable to the ownership of the Assets or
the operation of the Business prior to the Closing Date; and
(l) accounts receivable (and the proceeds thereof) generated in connection
with the Excluded Publications.
1.3 Assumption of Liabilities.
-------------------------
(a) Except as expressly provided in this Section 1.3(a), Buyer shall
assume no liabilities or obligations relating to the Events, the
Publication, the Ancillary Products, the Business, the Assets, Seller
or the Owners. Without limitation of the foregoing, Buyer shall
assume no liability or obligation for (i) Taxes (as hereinafter
defined) of Seller and the Owners for any period, or imposed in
connection with the Events, the Publication, the Ancillary Products,
the Business or the Assets for any periods ending prior to the Closing
Date, (ii) any liability of any of the foregoing persons for the
unpaid Taxes of any person under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6
(or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law) or as a
transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise, and (iii) except as
provided in Section 9.3, any Taxes imposed upon Seller or any of the
Owners in connection with the transactions set forth in this Agreement
(the liabilities referred to in (i), (ii) and (iii) above are referred
to herein collectively as "Tax Liabilities"). All such liabilities
and obligations (including, without limitation, indebtedness, Tax
Liabilities, accounts payable, obligations to employees, contractual
obligations and all Litigation, whether or not listed on Schedule
--------
4.5), fixed or contingent, known or unknown, which were incurred by
---
Seller or the Owners or arose from the operation of the Business prior
to the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined) are and remain the
liabilities and obligations of Seller or the Owners, as the case may
be. Seller and the Owners hereby covenant to discharge in full in a
due and timely manner all such liabilities and obligations; provided
that nothing contained herein shall prevent Seller from contesting any
such liabilities or obligations in good faith. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, except to the extent that any such liability or obligation
represents a Tax Liability, Buyer shall assume the following
liabilities and obligations of Seller at the Closing (collectively,
the "Assumed Liabilities"):
-5-
<PAGE>
(i) the obligation for Seller's performance after the Closing Date
under the Assumed Contracts;
(ii) accounts payable, due to unaffiliated third parties, incurred by
Seller in the ordinary course prior to the Closing Date, in
respect to Future Events, Future Publications and/or Future
Ancillary Products;
(iii) the Closing Liabilities (as hereinafter defined); and
(iv) any and all obligations and liabilities incurred by Buyer
relating to the ownership of the Assets or the operation of the
Business by Buyer from and after the Closing Date.
(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 1.3(a),
neither this Agreement nor any other agreement referenced herein shall
constitute an assignment of any contract or right or benefit arising
thereunder if such assignment would constitute a breach or otherwise
adversely affect the rights of Buyer thereunder. In the event that
Seller does not obtain any required consent or waiver for the transfer
of any Assumed Contract to Buyer prior to Closing, Seller shall
continue to use reasonable efforts to obtain such consent or waiver.
Seller shall keep such Assumed Contract in effect for the benefit of
Buyer until such consent or waiver is obtained at no additional
expense to Seller or any of the Owners.
ARTICLE II
----------
PAYMENT TO SELLER
2.1 Consideration for the Assets. Subject to the terms and conditions of this
----------------------------
Agreement, in consideration of the sale, assignment, transfer and delivery
of the Assets to Buyer, for the services to be rendered to Buyer pursuant
to the Consulting Agreements (as hereinafter defined) and for the covenants
of Seller and the Owners contained in Article IX, Buyer shall pay to
Seller, on behalf of the Seller and the Owners, the aggregate amount of (x)
if the Closing occurs on or before July 30, 1999, One Hundred Thirty-Three
Million Dollars ($133,000,000), (y) if the Closing occurs after July 30,
1999 but before August 8, 1999, One Hundred Thirty-One Million Three
Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($131,350,000) and (z) if the Closing occurs
on or after August 8, 1999, One Hundred Thirty-One Million Dollars
($131,000,000), in any case as adjusted by Section 2.2 (the "Purchase
Price"); provided, however, that if the failure of the Closing to occur has
-------- -------
been caused by or resulted from a breach by Buyer of any of its
representations, warranties or agreements contained in this Agreement, the
Purchase Price shall equal One Hundred Thirty-Three Million Dollars
($133,000,000) as adjusted by Section 2.2. The Purchase Price shall be
paid as follows: (a) the applicable amount set forth in the immediately
preceding sentence less $6,000,000 (the "Closing Payment") shall be paid at
the Closing to Seller by wire transfer of immediately available funds to
the account designated on Schedule 2.1(a); and (b) the remaining $6,000,000
---------------
shall be payable in two installments, one of $2,000,000
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payable on the first anniversary of the Closing Date and one of $4,000,000
payable on the second anniversary of the Closing Date, which installments
shall be represented by promissory notes (the "Notes") of Buyer in the
aggregate principal amount of $6,000,000 in the forms of Exhibit A-1 and A-
2, to be reduced by Buyer to set-off sums owed by Seller to Buyer under the
indemnification provisions of Article VIII of the Agreement. At the
Closing, Buyer and Seller shall also execute and deliver an Escrow
Agreement (as hereinafter defined) establishing an escrow account at The
Chase Manhattan Bank (the "Escrow Agent"). Buyer shall also cause to be
delivered to the Seller, on behalf of Seller and the Owners, an irrevocable
standby letter of credit from The Chase Manhattan Bank in substantially the
form of Exhibit A-3 hereof (the "Letter of Credit") providing for a draw-
down only in the event of a default by Buyer under the Notes, with any
draw-down payment to be made by wire transfer of immediately available
funds in accordance with the terms of the Letter of Credit either directly
to Seller or to an escrow account created by the Escrow Agreement.
2.2 Adjustment to the Purchase Price.
--------------------------------
(a) Attached hereto as Schedule 2.2 is a preliminary statement (the
------------
"Preliminary Closing Statement") of the amounts of certain Assets and
Assumed Liabilities of Seller as of the date hereof. The Preliminary
Closing Statement includes only the following items: (i) prepaid
expenses of the Business, (ii) accounts receivable of the Business
described in Section 1.1(u) that were generated on or after April 28,
1999 (clauses (i) and (ii) collectively, the "Closing Assets"), and
(iii) deferred revenue, accounts payable and other current liabilities
(including, without limitation, customer credits, accrued vacation and
sick pay of Seller's employees) of the Business (the "Closing
Liabilities"). The Closing Liabilities shall not include any Tax
Liabilities. Two business days prior to the Closing Date, Seller
shall provide Buyer with an updated Preliminary Closing Statement (the
"Updated Closing Statement") which, in Seller's best judgment,
estimates the amounts of the Closing Assets and the Closing
Liabilities as of the Closing Date.
(b) The "prepaid expenses" included in the Closing Assets (i) shall be
direct expenses incurred and paid by Seller prior to the Closing Date
to unaffiliated third parties which inure to the benefit of Buyer from
and after the Closing Date, including, without limitation, expenses in
respect to Future Events, Future Publications and/or Future Ancillary
Products; (ii) shall not include any management fees, salaries, other
employee compensation or benefits, internal allocations, general
office expenses or other overheads of the Business, whether incurred
and/or paid by Seller; and (iii) shall include only those direct
expenses which have been incurred and paid by Seller in the ordinary
course of business consistent with Seller's past practice in operating
the Business. The accounts receivable included in the Closing Assets
shall include only those which arose in the ordinary course of
business.
(c) The "deferred revenue" included in the Closing Liabilities (i) shall
consist of all exhibitor deposits, cancellation and forfeiture
amounts, contractor commissions
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(if any), show and conference registration fees, sponsorship fees,
advertising revenue, subscription revenue, prepayments and other
miscellaneous revenue received by Seller as of the effective date of
such statement in respect to Future Events, Future Publications or
Future Ancillary Products, (ii) shall include only deferred revenue
which has been received by Seller in the ordinary course of business
consistent with Seller's past practice in operating the Business and
(iii) shall be recorded at fulfillment cost in the case of unfulfilled
paid subscriptions to the Publication. The "accounts payable" included
in the Closing Liabilities shall include all unpaid expenses of Seller
of any nature which are related to Seller's Events, Seller's
Publications, Seller's Ancillary Products or otherwise related to the
operation of the Business prior to the effective date of such
statement. The "other current liabilities" included in the Closing
Liabilities shall include all outstanding customer credits, accrued
vacation, sick pay and other current liabilities of the Business as of
the effective date of such statement.
(d) For purposes of this Agreement, the "Preliminary Adjustment" shall be
the positive or negative, as applicable, amount by which the Closing
Assets exceed the Closing Liabilities as set forth in the Updated
Closing Statement. In the event that the Preliminary Adjustment is a
positive amount, then the Purchase Price (and, correspondingly, the
Closing Payment) shall be increased by the amount of the Preliminary
Adjustment. In the event that the Preliminary Adjustment is a
negative amount, then the Purchase Price (and, correspondingly, the
Closing Payment) shall be decreased by the amount of the Preliminary
Adjustment.
(e) As soon as reasonably practicable after the Closing Date but not later
than seventy-five (75) days following the Closing Date, Buyer and
Seller shall jointly establish a definitive statement of Closing
Assets and Closing Liabilities as of the Closing Date (the "Final
Closing Statement"). The Final Closing Statement (i) shall include
only the Closing Assets and the Closing Liabilities, (ii) shall be
prepared on a basis consistent with and shall follow the format of the
Preliminary Closing Statement and the Updated Closing Statement, and
(iii) shall further update the Updated Closing Statement by reflecting
any changes to the Updated Closing Statement which are necessary as a
result of disbursements or receipts which were made or received too
late to be reflected in the Updated Closing Statement, computational
or other errors which may have been made in preparing the Updated
Closing Statement, or for any other reason consistent with this
Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, the "Final Adjustment"
shall be the amount by which the Closing Assets exceed the Closing
Liabilities as set forth in the Final Closing Statement.
(f) In the event that the parties are unable to resolve any dispute
regarding the preparation of the Final Closing Statement within
seventy-five (75) days following the Closing Date hereof (or such
longer period as the parties may hereafter agree), the parties shall
submit all matters that remain in dispute to Deloitte & Touche, LLP
or, if such firm is unavailable for any reason, another nationally
recognized firm of independent public accountants (which firm shall
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<PAGE>
not be the auditor for any party and shall otherwise be selected by
mutual agreement of the parties), for accounting arbitration. The
parties shall use all reasonable efforts to cause such firm to render
a decision resolving the matters submitted to it and, thereby,
establish the amount of the Final Adjustment within thirty (30) days
following submission. Judgment may be entered upon the determination
of such firm in any court having jurisdiction over the party against
which such determination is to be enforced. The fees and expenses of
such firm shall be paid by the party whose calculation of the Final
Adjustment is further (in dollar amount) from the calculation of the
Final Adjustment by the firm. Absent fraud or manifest error, the
determination of such firm as to the Final Adjustment shall be final.
(g) If the Final Adjustment is a greater amount than the Preliminary
Adjustment, Buyer shall, within ten (10) business days after the date
of such determination, pay to Seller the amount of such difference by
wire transfer in immediately available funds. If Buyer fails to make
such payment within such ten (10) business day period, (i) such
payment shall accrue interest from and after such date at the prime
rate as published in The Wall Street Journal plus two percent (2%) and
(ii) Buyer shall pay all of Seller's costs of collection (including
reasonable attorney fees). If the Final Adjustment is a lesser amount
than the Preliminary Adjustment, Seller shall, within ten (10)
business days after the date of such determination, pay to Buyer the
amount of such difference by wire transfer in immediately available
funds. If Seller fails to make such payment within such ten (10)
business day period, Buyer shall be entitled to set-off the amount of
such payment against the Notes in accordance with the terms thereof.
2.3 Allocation of the Purchase Price. The parties acknowledge and agree that
--------------------------------
the Purchase Price shall be allocated for all purposes (including, without
limitation, Tax reporting purposes) as indicated on Schedule 2.3 hereto.
------------
The parties each agree to file IRS Form 8594 and all Tax returns in a
manner consistent with such allocation and shall use their reasonable best
efforts to sustain such allocation in any subsequent Tax audit or Tax
dispute. Seller and each Owner acknowledge and agree that the
consideration allocated to the covenants contained in Section 9.10 and the
Consulting Agreements is not an adequate measure of the damages which would
be sustained by Buyer as a result of a breach by Seller and/or each Owner
of their obligations under such covenants and/or agreements, and that such
allocated consideration shall not under any circumstances be admissible as
evidence of damages or for any other purpose in any legal or equitable
proceeding brought by Buyer to enforce such obligations or obtain damages
in respect of a breach thereof.
ARTICLE III
-----------
THE CLOSING
3.1 Closing. The closing of the purchase and sale of the Assets hereunder (the
-------
"Closing") shall take place on the
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<PAGE>
date (the "Closing Date") which, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, is (a)
two business days after the fulfillment of the conditions described in Sections
7.1(d) and 7.2(d); (b) not earlier than July 27, 1999 without Buyer's consent;
and (c) not later than September 23, 1999. The Closing shall take place at the
offices of Buyer's counsel, Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP, 125 High Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02110. The Closing shall be effective as of the close of
business on the Closing Date.
3.2 Delivery of Items by Seller and the Owners. Seller and the Owners shall
------------------------------------------
deliver to Buyer at the Closing the items listed below:
(a) executed consents in regard to the execution, delivery and performance
by Seller of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated herein;
(b) a certificate, duly executed by the sole member of Seller, on behalf
of Seller, that (i) all representations and warranties of Seller and
the Owners are true and correct in all material respects as of the
Closing, (ii) all obligations of Seller required to be performed prior
to the Closing have been performed, and (iii) all conditions to
Closing contained in Section 7.1 have been satisfied.
(c) satisfactory evidence of the granting of all Consents (as hereinafter
defined) by the applicable third parties listed on Schedule 3.2(c);
---------------
(d) all necessary documentation for the discharge of any registered or
other liens against any of the Assets;
(e) an opinion of counsel for Seller and the Owners, duly executed by such
counsel, covering the matters set forth in Sections 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3
with such qualifications, subject to such assumptions and in such form
as are reasonably satisfactory to Buyer;
(f) a bill of sale for the Assets, duly executed by Seller, in
substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B;
(g) an assignment of the registered Trademarks, duly executed by Seller,
in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit C;
(h) an assignment of any registered Copyrights, duly executed by Seller,
in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit D;
(i) an assignment and assumption agreement (the "Contract Assignment") for
the Assumed Contracts, duly executed by Seller, in substantially the
form attached hereto as Exhibit E;
(j) an agreement (each, a "Consulting Agreement") between Buyer and each
of Andrew J. Larkin, Jonathan Larkin and Susan J. Larkin, duly
executed by such person, in substantially the form attached hereto as
Exhibit F;
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<PAGE>
(k) an escrow agreement (the "Escrow Agreement"), duly executed by Seller
and the Escrow Agent, in substantially the form attached hereto as
Exhibit G;
(l) a receipt for payment of the Closing Payment, duly executed by Seller;
(m) all tangible property included in the Assets (to be delivered at the
Properties (as hereinafter defined)); and
(n) all Tax good standing and other clearance certificates or similar
documents which are reasonably requested by Buyer or which are
required by any Tax authority to relieve Buyer from (i) any obligation
to withhold any portion of the Purchase Price or (ii) any liability
for the Taxes of Seller or the Owners.
3.3 Delivery of Items by Buyer. Buyer shall deliver to Seller and the Owners
--------------------------
at the Closing the items listed below:
(a) a copy, certified by the Secretary of Buyer, of resolutions duly
adopted by the Board of Directors of Buyer authorizing the execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated herein;
(b) a certificate from an authorized officer of Buyer that (i) all
representations and warranties of Buyer are true and correct in all
material respects as of the Closing, (ii) all obligations of Buyer
required to be performed prior to the Closing have been performed, and
(iii) all conditions to Closing contained in Section 7.2 have been
satisfied.
(c) a certificate of incumbency for the officers of Buyer, duly certified
by the Secretary of Buyer;
(d) the Contract Assignment, duly executed by Buyer;
(e) the Notes and the Escrow Agreement, duly executed by Buyer;
(f) the Letter of Credit, duly executed by The Chase Manhattan Bank;
(g) a wire transfer of immediately available funds to Seller constituting
the payment of the Closing Payment; and
(h) an opinion of counsel for Buyer, duly executed by such counsel,
covering the matters set forth in Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 with such
qualifications, subject to such assumptions and in such form as are
reasonably satisfactory to Seller.
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<PAGE>
ARTICLE IV
----------
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
SELLER AND THE OWNERS
Seller and the Owners, jointly and severally, hereby make the following
representations and warranties to Buyer:
4.1 Organization and Good Standing of Seller. Each of Parent and Subsidiary is
----------------------------------------
a limited liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of Delaware. Prior to the Closing, Parent will be
registered and qualified to do business in California, Massachusetts,
Nevada and New York. Seller is not required to be registered or qualified
to do business in any other jurisdiction except for those jurisdictions
where the failure to be so registered or qualified would not have or
reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Business or
the Assets. Each of Parent and Subsidiary has delivered to Buyer a true
and complete copy of its organization documents as currently in effect.
Except as set forth on Schedule 4.1, Parent does not have any direct or
------------
indirect subsidiaries nor does it own any equity or other proprietary
interest in any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability
company or other entity of any nature whatsoever. Schedule 4.1 is a
------------
complete and correct list of all predecessors of Seller (and their
predecessors).
4.2 Powers; Execution.
-----------------
(a) Each of Parent and Subsidiary has all requisite limited liability
company power and authority (i) to own and operate the Assets; (ii) to
conduct the Business; and (iii) to execute, deliver and perform this
Agreement and all other agreements and/or documents to be executed and
delivered by such entity pursuant to this Agreement (such other
agreements and/or documents, the "Seller Ancillary Agreements"). The
execution and delivery by Parent, Subsidiary, the Trust and each Stock
Trust of this Agreement and the Seller Ancillary Agreements to which
such entity is a party have been duly and validly authorized by all
necessary limited liability company or trust action, as applicable.
This Agreement is, and this Agreement and the Seller Ancillary
Agreements will be as of Closing, the valid and binding obligations of
each of Parent and Subsidiary, enforceable against such entity in
accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent that such
enforcement is limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws
affecting the rights of creditors generally.
(b) The Owners have all requisite power and authority to execute, deliver
and perform this Agreement. This Agreement is and will be as of
Closing, the valid and binding obligation of the Owners, enforceable
against the Owners in accordance with its terms, except to the extent
that such enforcement is limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or other
laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.
(c) Each of Andrew J. Larkin, Jonathan Larkin and Susan J. Larkin has all
requisite power and authority to execute, deliver and perform his or
her Consulting
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Agreement. When executed and delivered as of the Closing Date, such
Consulting Agreement will be the valid and binding obligation of such
person, enforceable against him or her in accordance with its terms,
except to the extent that such enforcement is limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency or other laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.
4.3 Breach of Statute or Contract. Except as set forth in Schedule 4.3,
----------------------------- ------------
neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Seller and the
Owners nor compliance by Seller and the Owners with the terms and
provisions of this Agreement (a) will conflict with or result in a breach
of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any of Seller's or Trust's
certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or equivalent governing
instrument) or any contract or other instrument to which any of Seller
and/or the Owners is a party or by which any of Seller and/or the Owners is
or may be bound or constitute a default thereunder which conflict, breach
or default would result or reasonably be expected to result in a material
adverse effect on the Business or the Assets, (b) will result in the
creation or imposition of any Encumbrance upon or give to others any
interest or rights in or with respect to any of the Assets, (c) will
violate any law, or any statute or regulation of any governmental authority
as such law, statute or regulation relates to the Assets or the Business
the violation of which would have or reasonably be expected to have a
material adverse effect on the Business or the Assets, or (d) requires any
approval or consent of any governmental entity or regulatory body, except
for the expiration or early termination of the waiting period under the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR
Act").
4.4 Owners. Parent is a single member limited liability company wholly owned
------
by the Trust, Schedule 4.4 is a complete and correct list of all of the
------------
Principals and the Stock Trusts and the respective percentage interest
owned beneficially or of record (indicating in each case the nature of
ownership) by each Principal and Stock Trust. There are no outstanding
options, warrants, rights, commitments or agreements of any nature for the
issuance or sale of any membership interest or other equity interest in the
Trust. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.4, there has not at any time
------------
since January 1, 1996 been any redemption, sale or other transfer of any
nature of any ownership interest in Seller.
4.5 No Claims or Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.5, there is no
----------------------- ------------
pending or, to the knowledge of Seller and any Owner, threatened
litigation, judicial, administrative or arbitral action, proceeding,
governmental investigation or claim (collectively "Litigation") involving
any of Seller and/or the Owners that questions the validity of this
Agreement, or any action taken, or to be taken, by any of Seller and/or the
Owners in connection with this Agreement or that otherwise relates to the
Events, the Publication, the Ancillary Products, the Assets or the
Business. There is no judgment, order, injunction, decree or award
outstanding (whether rendered by a court, administrative agency or
arbitrator), against any of Seller and/or the Owners or by which any of
Seller and/or the Owners is or may be bound which relates to the Events,
the Publication, the Ancillary Products, the Assets or the Business.
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<PAGE>
4.6 Legal Compliance. Seller is not in violation of any provision of its
----------------
organization documents or any other instrument, permit, decree, order,
statute, ordinance or governmental regulation the violation of which would
have or reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the
Business or the Assets. Seller has at all times been and is currently
operating the Business in conformity in all material respects with all
applicable laws, ordinances, regulations and directives (including, without
limitation, those pertaining to public health, worker safety, the
environment or the management of pollution or hazardous materials). Seller
has in force all governmental permits, licenses, approvals and
authorizations necessary to conduct the Business except for those the
failure of which to have in force would not have or reasonably be expected
to have a material adverse effect on the Business or the Assets.
4.7 Properties. Seller does not own any real property. Seller leases or
----------
subleases all real property used in the Business (the "Properties").
Schedule 4.7 describes all the Properties, and any Liens thereon,
------------
specifying the name of the lessor or sublessor, the lease term, basic
annual rent and renewal options.
4.8 Financial Statements; Receivables.
---------------------------------
(a) Attached hereto as Schedule 4.8(a) are the following documents
---------------
(collectively, the "Financial Statements"): (i) audited statements of
income of the Business for the fiscal years ended February 28, 1999
and February 28, 1998; and (ii) audited balance sheets of the Business
as of February 28, 1999 and February 28, 1998. The Financial
Statements (i) were prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles (GAAP) consistently applied throughout the
periods indicated; (ii) are consistent in all material respects with
the books and records of Seller; and (iii) fairly set forth the
results of operations and/or financial position of the Business, for
the period or as of the date indicated, as applicable.
(b) Except as set forth in Schedule 4.8(b), since January 1, 1999, Seller
---------------
(i) has conducted the Business in the ordinary course and consistent
with past practice; (ii) has not experienced any material adverse
change in the Events, the Publication, the Ancillary Products, the
Assets or the Business taken as a whole; and (iii) has not incurred
any liability or transferred or sold any of the assets of the
Business, except for such ordinary course liabilities or transfers
which are consistent in nature and amount with those incurred or
entered into in prior periods.
(c) All accounts receivables described in Section 1.1(u) are valid and
genuine and arose in the ordinary course of business.
(d) Schedule 4.8(d) is a list of certain non-recurring expenses incurred
---------------
by the Business during the fiscal year ended February 28, 1999 and the
compensation paid by the Business to the Principals during the fiscal
year ended February 28, 1999.
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<PAGE>
4.9 Title to and Condition of the Assets.
------------------------------------
(a) Seller is the sole and unconditional owner of, and has good title to,
all of the Assets other than certain leasehold or license interests
listed on Schedule 4.12(a). This Agreement and the instruments of
----------------
transfer to be executed and delivered pursuant hereto will effectively
vest in Buyer good title to all of the Assets, other than certain
leasehold or license interests listed on Schedule 4.12(a), free and
-----------------
clear of all Encumbrances other than those included in the Assumed
Liabilities. No Owner has any direct ownership interest in any of the
Assets, and no other person or entity has any ownership interest in
any of the Assets other than assets subject to certain leasehold or
license interests listed on Schedule 4.12(a).
----------------
(b) Schedule 4.9 is a complete and correct list of each item of furniture,
------------
fixtures, computers, communications devices, equipment, machinery
and/or other tangible assets included in the Assets which is owned by
Seller which has a net book value in excess of One Thousand Five
Hundred Dollars ($1,500). Each item listed on Schedule 4.9 is in
------------
working condition (subject to ordinary course maintenance and repairs)
sufficient to continue to operate the Business in the ordinary course.
(c) Except for the Excluded Assets, the Assets include all assets used in
connection with the operation of the Business and/or necessary for the
continued operation of the Business by Buyer.
4.10 Exhibitors.
----------
(a) Schedule 4.10(a) hereto contains a complete and correct list of all
----------------
currently outstanding contracts (the "Exhibitor Contracts") with
exhibitors for the rental of exhibit space at any Future Event,
whether written or oral, indicating for each exhibitor the amount of
exhibit space rented, the booth assigned, the total exhibit fee, the
amount of deposit received by Seller and whether a written contract
had been executed by such exhibitor. All of such deposits have been
reflected as deferred revenue in the Closing Liabilities calculated in
accordance with Section 2.2. Except as described on Schedule 4.10(a),
----------------
Seller has not committed to provide any exhibit space, discounts,
barters, rebates or other special concessions for any of the Future
Events.
(b) Except as indicated on Schedule 4.10(b), all Exhibitor Contracts have
----------------
been entered into in the ordinary course of business pursuant to the
standard forms used by Seller for the Future Events, copies of which
forms are attached hereto as Schedule 4.10(b), and at the standard
----------------
rates indicated on Schedule 4.10(b).
----------------
(c) Schedule 4.10(c) is a complete and correct copy of the exhibitor lists
----------------
(indicating for each exhibitor the amount of exhibit space rented and
the rental fee paid) for each of the Events held in or since the
fiscal year ended February 28, 1999, each of which lists is complete
and correct.
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<PAGE>
4.11 Advertisers.
-----------
(a) Schedule 4.11(a) hereto contains a complete and correct list of all
----------------
currently outstanding contracts (the "Advertiser Contracts") with
advertisers or other customer for the sale of advertising space in any
Future Publication, whether written or oral, indicating for each
advertiser the amount of advertising space sold, the total advertising
fee, the amount of prepayment received by Seller and whether a written
contract had been executed by such advertiser or customer. All of
such prepayments have been reflected as deferred revenue in the
Closing Liabilities calculated in accordance with Section 2.2. Except
as described on Schedule 4.11(a), Seller has not committed to provide
----------------
any advertising space, discounts, barters, rebates or other special
concessions for any of the Future Publications.
(b) Except as indicated on the deviation report delivered by Seller to
-------------------------------------------
Buyer, all advertising has been sold in the ordinary course of
-----
business pursuant to the standard invoice used by Seller for the
Future Publications, a copy of which invoice is attached hereto as
Schedule 4.11(b), and at the standard rates indicated on Schedule
---------------- --------
4.11(b).
-------
(c) Seller has delivered to Buyer a complete and correct copy of the
-----------------------------
advertiser lists (indicating for each advertiser the amount of
advertising space sold and the advertising fee paid) for each of the
Publication published in or since the fiscal year ended February 1999.
(d) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.11(d), none of the advertisers which
----------------
purchased in excess of Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000) in advertising
in the Publication during the fiscal year ended February 28, 1999 (i)
has canceled, suspended or materially decreased its level of
advertising in the Publication, or (ii) to the knowledge of Seller or
the Owners, has indicated an intention to do so.
4.12 Contracts.
---------
(a) The items listed on Schedule 4.12(a) consist of all Assumed Contracts
----------------
(other than Exhibitor Contracts and Advertiser Contracts) which (i)
would reasonably be expected to involve the payment of cash or non-
cash consideration in excess of Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000) by
any party, (ii) limit the right of Seller to engage in any business
activity or compete with any person or entity in any area or to own,
operate, sell, transfer, pledge or otherwise dispose of or encumber
any Asset or would so limit the right of Buyer after the Closing Date,
(iii) grant a license or other similar right to use any of the
Trademarks or any of the Assets described in Section 1.1(d), (iv)
grant exclusive rights, (v) are not cancelable by Seller on notice of
not more than ninety (90) days and without liability, penalty or
premium, or (vi) are leases, licenses, facility contracts, facility
date reservations or hotel or housing arrangements. Except as set
forth on Schedule 4.12(a), all of the Assumed Contracts are in full
----------------
force and effect, and neither Seller nor, to the
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<PAGE>
knowledge of Seller or any Owner, any other party thereto, is in
default in respect of any of the terms or provisions thereof except
for defaults which individually or in the aggregate would not or would
not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the
Assets or the Business. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.12(a), there
---------------
are no disputes or disagreements pending or, to the knowledge of
Seller or any Owner, threatened among Seller and any other party under
any of the Assumed Contracts, and, to the knowledge of Seller or any
Owner, there is no basis for any such dispute or disagreement. True
and correct copies of the written Assumed Contracts listed on Schedule
--------
4.12(a) have been delivered to Buyer prior to the date hereof.
-------
(b) Schedule 4.12(b) sets forth all of the consents of third parties (the
----------------
"Consents") required pursuant to any of the Assumed Contracts to
effectively assign such Assumed Contracts to Buyer without impairing
upon the rights of Seller (and of Buyer after the Closing) as a result
of the transactions contemplated herein, without regard to the
provisions of Section 1.3(b).
4.13 Attendees.
---------
(a) Schedule 4.13(a) hereto contains a complete and correct list of the
----------------
number of attendees (by relevant categories) at each of the Events
held in or since the fiscal year ended February 28, 1999. Seller has
no currently outstanding legal obligation to provide complimentary or
other admission to any potential attendee for any of the Future
Events, and has not received any payments in respect of such
obligation to provide admission except as included in the Closing
Liabilities. Seller has heretofore provided Buyer with access to
complete and correct lists (the "Attendee Lists") of the registered
attendees at the Events held in or since the fiscal year ended
February 28, 1999.
(b) Except as described on Schedule 4.13(b), neither Seller nor any Owner
----------------
has disclosed, rented and/or otherwise granted any right to use the
Attendee Lists to any other party. Seller has taken all reasonably
necessary actions to maintain the confidentiality of all information
contained on the Attendee Lists, and, to the knowledge of Seller and
any Owner, there have been no breaches of the confidentiality of any
of such information.
4.14 Subscribers.
------------
(a) Schedule 4.14(a) is a complete and correct copy of the two most recent
----------------
audited circulation reports or publisher's circulation statements for
the Publication. Such reports are accurate and complete in all
material respects, and there are no pending claims on such audits.
There has been no material decrease in the qualified circulation of
the Publication since the date of the most recent respective report
included in Schedule 4.14(a). The Publication currently utilizes and
----------------
is eligible to continue to receive second class mailing privileges.
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(b) Seller has no currently outstanding legal obligation to provide
complimentary or discounted copies of any of the Future Publications,
and has not received any payments in respect of such obligation to
provide copies except as included in the Closing Liabilities. Seller
has heretofore provided Buyer with access to complete and correct
lists (the "Subscriber Lists") of the registered subscribers to the
Publication published in or since the fiscal year ended February 28,
1999.
(c) Except as described on Schedule 4.14(c), neither Seller nor any Owner
----------------
has disclosed, rented and/or otherwise granted any right to use the
Subscriber Lists to any other party. Seller has taken all reasonably
necessary actions to maintain the confidentiality of all information
contained on the Subscriber Lists, and, to the knowledge of Seller and
any Owner, there have been no breaches of the confidentiality of any
of such information.
4.15 Promotional Materials. Seller has delivered to Buyer a copy of all
---------------------
attendee, exhibitor, subscriber and/or advertiser promotional materials
used in connection with any of the Events held or to be held, or
Publication published or to be published, in 1998 or 1999.
4.16 The Trademarks. Schedule 4.16 contains a list of all of the Trademarks that
-------------- -------------
are registered trademarks. Except for certain of the Assumed Contracts (as
indicated on Schedule 4.12(a)), Seller has not granted, licensed,
----------------
sublicensed, assigned, transferred or otherwise conveyed any right, title
or interest in or to any of the Trademarks to any other person, and, to the
knowledge of Seller and any Owner, no person or entity other than Seller
has any right to use, license, sublicense or operate under any of the
Trademarks. Schedule 4.16 also sets forth all registrations and
-------------
applications for registration of the Trademarks, together with dates of
registration and the expiration and renewal dates of such registrations.
None of the Trademarks is subject to any pending or, to the knowledge of
Seller and the Owners, threatened challenge or reversion, and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not
create any right of termination, cancellation or reversion with respect
thereto anywhere in the world. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.16, to the
-------------
knowledge of Seller and the Owners, there is not currently and has not been
any infringement by others of any of the Trademarks. The use of the
Trademarks by Seller does not infringe, and there has not been any other
infringement by Seller of, any proprietary right, trademark, trade name or
service mark of any other party nor has there been any allegation thereof
to any Owner or Seller.
4.17 The Copyrights. Seller is the sole and exclusive owner of the Copyrights
--------------
and has no obligation to pay any royalty, license fee, commission or other
amount howsoever characterized, or to obtain any third-party clearances or
consents in respect of any of the Copyrights or any use thereof. Each issue
of the Publication published since January 1, 1998 has been imprinted with
such copyright notices as conform to the copyright laws of the United
States.
4.18 Insurance. Schedule 4.18 is a complete and correct list of all insurance
--------- -------------
policies of Seller which relate to the Business other than those policies
which are related to the Plans (the "Insurance Policies"). Seller has
delivered to Buyer true copies of all of the Insurance Policies. Seller has
taken all required action to maintain all of the Insurance
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<PAGE>
Policies in effect, and has paid all premiums due thereon in a timely
manner. Schedule 4.5 contains a complete and correct list of all claims
------------
which relate to the Business currently pending under any of the Insurance
Policies.
4.19 Related Party Transactions. Schedule 4.19 is a complete and correct
-------------------------- -------------
description of (a) all current agreements, arrangements and understandings
and (b) all transactions since March 1, 1997, between or among Seller, on
the one hand, and any Owner or any party in any way affiliated with any
Owner or Seller, on the other hand.
4.20 Employees and Agents.
--------------------
(a) Schedule 4.20(a) is a complete and correct list of all current
----------------
employees of Seller or employees otherwise dedicated to the Business
(the "Employees"). Except as listed on Schedule 1.2(f) or Schedule
--------------- --------
4.12(a), no Employee is employed by Seller pursuant to an employment
-------
agreement. Seller is in compliance with all applicable labor and
employment laws and regulations (including, without limitation, laws
prohibiting discrimination and sexual harassment) regarding the
Employees and/or any former employees of the Business except where the
failure to comply would not have or reasonably be expected to have a
material adverse effect on the Business or the Assets. Schedule
--------
4.20(a) indicates, as to each Employee, (i) full or part time status;
-------
(ii) current salary, bonus, commissions and any other compensation;
(iii) most recent date and amount of compensation increase; (iv) job
title and/or function; (v) years of service; (vi) any outstanding
amounts due as compensation or otherwise, including accrued and unused
vacation or sick leave entitlement in respect of any period of past
service to Seller; and (vii) any notice, separation pay or other
termination provisions of employment. None of the Employees (other
than the Principals) has notified the Seller or any Owner in writing
of his or her intention to terminate his/her employment with the
Business.
(b) Schedule 4.20(b) is a complete and correct list of all sales agents,
----------------
representatives, consultants, contract personnel, freelancers and
other independent service providers (collectively, "Agents") currently
retained by Seller in connection with the Business. Schedule 4.20(b)
----------------
indicates, as to each Agent, (i) current rate or terms of
compensation; (ii) current assignment or responsibilities; (iii) term
and/or termination provisions of current engagement; and (iv) any
outstanding amounts due as compensation or otherwise.
4.21 Employee Benefit Plans. Schedule 4.21 contains a description of all
---------------------- -------------
employee benefit plans, policies, practices and arrangements (including,
without limitation, those within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended) of Seller
applicable to any of the Employees (collectively, the "Plans"), including,
without limitation, retirement, disability, sick leave, medical, dental and
other health insurance, life insurance, separation, stock options, deferred
compensation and vacation. All of the Plans are and have at all times been
in compliance in all material respects with and have been administered in
all material respects in accordance with all
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applicable laws. Buyer will not acquire any liability, with respect to any
Plan, whether terminated or not on or before the Closing Date, in regard to
any of the Employees, except as included in the Closing Liabilities. Seller
shall remain the plan sponsor of each of its Plans.
4.22 Tax Returns and Payments. For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Tax"
------------------------
or "Taxes" means all federal, state, local, foreign and other taxes,
charges, fees, duties, levies, imposts, customs or other assessments,
including all net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad
valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, profit share, license, lease,
service, service use, value added, withholding, payroll, employment,
unemployment, disability, social security (or similar), registration,
excise, estimated, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, real property,
personal property, windfall profits, environmental, alternative or add-on
minimum, or other taxes, fees, assessments, customs, duties, levies,
imposts, or charges of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest,
penalties, additions to tax, fines or other additional amounts imposed
thereon or related thereto, and the term "Tax" means any one of the
foregoing Taxes. The term "Tax Returns" means all returns, declarations,
reports, statements and other documents of, relating to, or required to be
filed in respect of, any and all Taxes, and the term "Tax Return" means any
one of the foregoing Tax Returns.
(a) All material Tax Returns required to be filed (taking into account all
extensions) on or before the Closing Date for, by, on behalf of or
with respect to the Seller, including those relating to the Business,
the Assets and the Assumed Liabilities, and those which include or
should include the Seller, the Business, the Assets or the Assumed
Liabilities have been or will be timely filed with the appropriate
foreign, federal, state and local authorities on or before the Closing
Date, and all Taxes owed (whether or not shown as due on such Tax
Returns) have been or will be timely paid in full on or before the
Closing Date unless such Taxes are not due and payable until after the
Closing Date, in which event they will be timely paid on or before the
due date;
(b) All of the Tax Returns have been or will be properly and accurately
completed in all material respects, fairly present or will fairly
present the information purported to be shown therein in all material
respects, and reflected or will reflect all liabilities for Taxes for
the periods covered by those Tax Returns in all material respects;
(c) Except as provided in Schedule 4.22(c), none of the Tax Returns is now
-----------------
under audit or examination by any foreign, federal, state or local
authority and no issues have been raised (and are currently pending)
by any such authority with respect to any Tax Returns and there are no
agreements, waivers or other arrangements providing for an extension
of time with respect to the assessment or collection of any Tax or
deficiency of any nature against the Seller, the Business or the
Assets, or with respect to any of the Tax Returns, or any suits or
other actions, proceedings, investigations or claims now pending or
threatened against the Seller, the Business or the Assets with respect
to any Tax;
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<PAGE>
(d) Except as otherwise provided in Section 9.3, Seller will pay all Taxes
that, if not paid, would result in a lien or Encumbrance on Buyer's
assets or the assessment against the Buyer, whether by reason of
transferee liability or otherwise, of any liability for any Tax of
Seller or the Owners in connection with the transactions set forth in
this Agreement or otherwise; and
(e) There are no Tax liens on any of the Assets, and, assuming Buyer's
compliance with its obligations under Section 9.3, none will arise as
a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.23 Environmental Matters. Seller has not caused or allowed, or contracted
---------------------
with any party for, the generation, use, transportation, treatment, storage
or disposal of any Hazardous Substances (as defined below) in connection
with the operation of the Business or otherwise. Seller, the operation of
the Business, and all the Properties are in compliance in all material
respects with all applicable Environmental Laws (as defined below) and
orders or directives of any governmental authorities having jurisdiction
under such Environmental Laws, including, without limitation, any
Environmental Laws or orders or directives with respect to any cleanup or
remediation of any release or threat of release of Hazardous Substances.
Seller has not received any citation, directive, letter or other
communication, written or oral, or any notice of any proceeding, claim or
lawsuit, from any person arising out of the occupation of the Properties,
or the conduct of the Business, and neither Seller nor any Owner is aware
of any basis therefor. Seller has obtained and is maintaining in full
force and effect all necessary permits, licenses and approvals required by
all Environmental Laws applicable to the Business, the Properties and the
operations conducted thereon (including operations conducted by other
lessees or sublessees of the Properties) the failure of which to obtain
would have or reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on
the Business or the Assets, and is in compliance in all material respects
with all such permits, licenses and approvals. Seller has not caused or
allowed a release, or a threat of release, of any Hazardous Substance onto,
at or near the Properties, and neither the Properties nor, to the knowledge
of Seller or any Owner, any property at or near the Properties has ever
been subject to a release, or a threat of release, of any Hazardous
Substance. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "Environmental
Laws" shall mean any Federal, state or local law or ordinance or regulation
pertaining to the protection of human health or the environment, including,
without limitation, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation
and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. Sections 9601, et seq., the Emergency Planning
-- ----
and Community Right-to-Know Act, 42 U.S.C. Sections 11001, et seq., and the
-- ----
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. Sections 6901, et seq.
-- ---
For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Hazardous Substances" shall
include oil and petroleum products, asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls,
urea formaldehyde and any other materials classified as hazardous or toxic
under any Environmental Laws.
4.24 Software. Schedule 4.24 is a complete and correct list of all computer
-------- -------------
software used in the Business, indicating for each software program whether
Seller licenses such software program or owns such software program and, in
the case of each licensed software
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<PAGE>
program, the service release level and/or version. Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.24, each license in respect of the computer software programs
used by Seller is in full force and effect and is validly existing for each
user of such program. All of such computer software programs owned by
Seller was designed or has been successfully modified to store four-digit
years and to accurately process (calculate, compare and sequence) date/time
data after December 31, 1999 in the same manner and with the same
functionality as prior to December 31, 1999, provided that all other
products (for example hardware, software, and firmware) used with such
owned computer software programs properly exchange accurate and century
specific date data with such owned computer software programs. The
foregoing warranty shall not cover hardware, software or firmware
(including interfaces) and other product external to such owned computer
software.
ARTICLE V
---------
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BUYER
Buyer hereby makes the following representations and warranties to Seller and
the Owners:
5.1 Organization and Good Standing of Buyer. Buyer is a corporation duly
---------------------------------------
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
State of New York.
5.2 Powers; Execution. (a) Buyer has all requisite corporate power and
-----------------
authority (i) to own and operate its assets; (ii) to conduct its business;
and (iii) to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and all other
agreements to be executed and delivered by Buyer pursuant to this Agreement
(such other agreements, the "Buyer Ancillary Agreements"). The execution
and delivery of this Agreement and the Buyer Ancillary Agreements has been
duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part
of Buyer. This Agreement is, and this Agreement and the Buyer Ancillary
Agreements will be as of Closing, the valid and binding obligations of
Buyer, enforceable against Buyer in accordance with their respective terms,
except to the extent that such enforcement is limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency or other laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.
5.3 Breach of Statute or Contract. Neither the execution and delivery of
-----------------------------
this Agreement by Buyer nor compliance by Buyer with the terms and
provisions of this Agreement (a) will conflict with or result in a breach
of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of its certificate of
incorporation or by-laws or any contract or other instrument to which Buyer
is a party or by which Buyer is or may be bound or constitute a default
thereunder which conflict, breach or default would result in or reasonably
be expected to result in a material adverse effect on Buyer, or (b) will
violate any law, or any statute or regulation of any governmental authority
as such law, statute or regulation relates to Buyer, the violation of which
would have or reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on
Buyer.
5.4 No Claims or Litigation. There is no pending or, to the knowledge of
-----------------------
Buyer, threatened Litigation involving Buyer that questions the validity of
this Agreement, or any action taken, or to be taken, by Buyer in connection
with this Agreement. There is no judgment,
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<PAGE>
order, injunction, decree or award outstanding (whether rendered by a
court, administrative agency or arbitrator), against Buyer or by which
Buyer is or may be bound which relates to the transaction contemplated in
this Agreement.
5.5 Financial Capability. At the Closing, Buyer will have funds necessary
---------------------
to satisfy all of its obligations under Section 2.1 of this Agreement.
ARTICLE VI
-----------
CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING CLOSING
6.1 Conduct of Business. Seller and the Owners, jointly and severally,
-------------------
covenant and agree with Buyer that between the date of this Agreement and
the Closing Date:
(a) The Business will be conducted by Seller in the ordinary course and in
substantially the same manner as heretofore conducted;
(b) Seller will maintain insurance on the Assets and the Business as
heretofore in effect;
(c) Without Buyer's prior written approval, no increase in either the base
pay, commission rate, bonus, benefits or other compensation to any of
the Employees or Agents will be announced, instituted or paid (except
for normal merit increases and earned non-discretionary bonuses) and
none of the Employees or Agents will be terminated other than for
cause, provided, that, nothing contained in this Section 6.1(c) shall
-------- --------------
prohibit Seller, with prior notice to Buyer, from paying bonuses or
other payments to Employees in connection with the closing of the
transactions contemplated hereby;
(d) Without Buyer's prior written approval, no material contract or
commitment related to the Business or the Assets (including, without
limitation, canceling, postponing or relocating any of the Events,
scheduling any new Events or creating any new licensing, management or
vendor arrangements pertaining to the Events or any of the Assets)
will be entered into by Seller;
(e) Without Buyer's prior written approval, Seller shall not take any
action or agree to amend, terminate or otherwise alter any of the
Assumed Contracts;
(f) Seller will use commercially reasonable efforts to preserve intact the
Assets and the existing relationships and goodwill of the Business
with its employees, exhibitors, attendees, vendors, sponsors,
speakers, facility lessors, official hotels, customers, and other
third parties involved in the Business;
(g) Except as provided in Section 6.1(a), Seller will not sell, transfer,
license, otherwise dispose of, or create or permit to become effective
any Encumbrance on, any of the Assets, and will not agree or commit to
do any of the foregoing;
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<PAGE>
(h) Seller will not take, omit to take, or agree to take any action that
would make any representation or warranty of Seller hereunder
inaccurate in any material respect;
(i) Seller will promptly advise Buyer of the commencement or threat
against Seller or the Business of any material Litigation relating to
or affecting the Assets or the transaction contemplated by this
Agreement; and
(j) Neither Seller nor any Owner nor any of their respective
representatives will, directly or indirectly, solicit, review,
discuss, negotiate or otherwise consider or accept any inquiry or
proposal relating to the sale of any of the Assets, the Events, the
Business or any partnership or other equity interest in Seller other
than in connection with transactions contemplated by this Agreement,
and will promptly inform Buyer of any such inquiry or proposal and
will provide Buyer with copies of all related documentation.
6.2 Access to the Employees. From the date of this Agreement to the Closing
-----------------------
Date, Seller shall provide, and the Owners shall ensure that Seller
provides, Buyer with reasonable access, during normal business hours and
upon advance notice, to the Employees (provided that one or more of the
Principals, Gary Forman or Wendy Heckel are present), books and records of
the Business for Buyer's continuing review of the Business, preparation of
an integration and transition plan for the Business, and review and
solicitation of the Employees pursuant to Section 9.1.
6.3 Best Efforts. From the date of this Agreement to the Closing Date, Buyer,
------------
Seller and the Owners shall use their respective best efforts to take, or
cause to be taken, all actions and to do, or cause to be done, all things
reasonably necessary under applicable laws and regulations to consummate
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the
foregoing, no later than one business day after the date of this Agreement,
Buyer and Seller shall each complete and file their respective Premerger
Notification and Report Forms as required by the HSR Act (requesting early
termination on such filings), and the cost of such filings shall be borne
equally by Buyer and Seller.
6.4 Continuing Disclosure. Seller shall have the continuing obligation
---------------------
promptly to advise Buyer with respect to any matter hereafter arising or
discovered that, if existing or known at the date of this Agreement, would
have been required to be set forth or described in a schedule to this
Agreement, or that constitutes a breach or prospective breach of this
Agreement by Seller. The delivery of any such notice shall not affect
Buyer's remedies hereunder.
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<PAGE>
ARTICLE VII
-----------
CONDITIONS TO CLOSING; TERMINATION
7.1 Conditions to the Obligations of Buyer to Close. The obligation of Buyer
-----------------------------------------------
to close hereunder shall be subject to satisfaction or waiver by Buyer of
the following conditions at or prior to the Closing:
(a) Seller and the Owners shall have delivered to Buyer each of the items
listed in Section 3.2;
(b) Each of the representations and warranties of Seller and the Owners
made in or pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of the Closing Date, subject only to Seller's
delivery of the Updated Closing Statement to Buyer two business days
prior to the Closing Date;
(c) Seller and the Owners shall have fully performed and complied in all
material respects with all of the covenants, obligations, agreements
and conditions required by this Agreement to be performed or complied
with by Seller and the Owners prior to the Closing;
(d) Any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act relating to the
transaction contemplated herein shall have expired or been terminated;
(e) No provision of any applicable law or regulation and no judgment,
injunction, order or decree shall prohibit the consummation of the
Closing; and
(f) There shall have been no material adverse change in the financial
conditions, operations, assets or liabilities of the Business taken as
a whole.
In the event that the condition set forth in Section 7.1(b) cannot be made
and/or the delivery provided for under Section 3.2(b) cannot be made
because of any of the representations or warranties contained in this
Agreement and made by Seller and/or the Owners, which was true and correct
on and as of the date of this Agreement, is not true and correct in all
material respects on and as of the Closing Date, Seller shall notify Buyer
of the reason or reasons therefor (a "Seller Closing Date Disclosure").
Upon notification of a Seller Closing Date Disclosure, Buyer shall have the
option, in addition to its rights under Section 7.3, to (x) waive
compliance with Section 7.1(b) and/or 3.2(b), as applicable, in respect of
such Seller Closing Date Disclosure, and consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, or (y) require Seller and/or Owners to make
commercially reasonable efforts to cure, to Buyer's reasonable
satisfaction, such failure to be true and correct to the extent susceptible
to cure, it being understood that, in the event that Buyer elects to
exercise its right under clause (x), neither Seller nor any Owner, nor any
of their respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders,
employees, agents or representatives shall have any liability or obligation
to Buyer as a result of such Seller Closing Date Disclosure pursuant to
Section 8.2(b).
-25-
<PAGE>
7.2 Conditions to the Obligations of Seller to Close. The obligations of
------------------------------------------------
Seller to close hereunder shall be subject to satisfaction or waiver by
Seller of the following conditions at or prior to the Closing:
(a) Buyer shall have delivered to Seller and the Owners each of the items
listed in Section 3.3;
(b) Each of the representations and warranties of Buyer made in or
pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material
respects as of the Closing Date;
(c) Buyer shall have fully performed and complied in all material respects
with all of the covenants, obligations, agreements and conditions
required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by Buyer
prior to the Closing;
(d) Any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act relating to the
transaction contemplated herein shall have expired or been terminated;
and
(e) No provision of any applicable law or regulation and no judgment,
injunction, order or decree shall prohibit the consummation of the
Closing.
7.3 Termination. This agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the
-----------
Closing:
(a) by the mutual written consent of Buyer, Seller and the Owners;
(b) by Buyer or Seller if the Closing shall not have occurred by September
23, 1999; provided, however, that the right to terminate this
-------- -------
Agreement under this Section 7.3(b) shall not be available to any
party if a breach by such party of any of its representations,
warranties or agreements contained in this Agreement has been the
cause of or resulted in the failure of the Closing to occur on or
before such date;
(c) by either Buyer or Seller if any court or governmental body or agency
thereof shall have enacted, promulgated or issued any statute, rule,
regulation, ruling, writ or injunction, or taken any other action,
restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions
contemplated hereby and all appeals and means of appeal therefrom have
been exhausted;
(d) by Buyer, if any of the conditions specified in Section 7.1 have not
been met or waived prior to such time and such condition can no longer
be sati sfied; or
(e) by Seller, if any of the conditions specified in Section 7.2 shall not
have been met or waived prior to such time and such condition can no
longer be satisfied.
7.4 Effect of Termination. If this Agreement is validly terminated, this
---------------------
Agreement shall forthwith become null and void and there shall be no
liability on the part of any party hereto, except that, subject to the last
paragraph of Section 7.1 hereof, nothing herein
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<PAGE>
shall relieve either party from liability for a breach of this Agreement
prior to the termination hereof.
ARTICLE VIII
------------
INDEMNITIES
8.1 Survival. All of the representations, warranties, agreements and covenants
--------
contained in this Agreement shall be continuing and shall survive the
Closing irrespective of any investigation conducted by or on behalf of any
party hereto; provided, that (a) the representations and warranties of
--------
Seller and the Owners contained in Article IV shall survive the Closing for
two years only, except for those contained in Section 4.9(a), which shall
survive indefinitely and those contained in Sections 4.21, 4.22 and 4.23,
which shall survive for the duration of the applicable statute of
limitation (giving effect to any waiver, mitigation or extension thereof,
except for any caused by Buyer); and (b) the representations and warranties
of Buyer contained in Article V shall survive the Closing for two years
only. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the expiration of any
representation or warranty shall not be applicable to any claim as to which
notice has been delivered to the other party prior to the applicable
expiration date.
8.2 General Indemnification by Seller and the Owners. Seller and the Owners,
------------------------------------------------
jointly and severally, agree to protect, defend, indemnify and hold
harmless Buyer and its successors and assigns, from, against and in respect
of any and all losses, costs, damages, charges or expenses on an after-tax
basis of any nature (including reasonable attorney's fees) resulting from
(a) any liabilities of Seller or any Owner in existence as of the Closing
Date and/or related to the conduct of the Business up to the Closing Date
of any nature, whether absolute, contingent or otherwise (including without
limitation Tax Liabilities), except for the Assumed Liabilities; (b)
subject to the last paragraph of Section 7.1, any breach of any
representation or warranty or nonfulfillment of any agreement or covenant
on the part of Seller and/or the Owners contained in this Agreement or in
any of the instruments, documents or agreements delivered by Seller and/or
the Owners in connection herewith; (c) any liability for severance or other
payments or benefits due, pursuant to clause (2) of the fourth sentence of
Section 9.1, to the Employees who accept Buyer's offers of employment but
do not remain in the employ of Buyer for more than six months after the
Closing; and/or (d) any liability associated with the continuation of
health coverage required under Section 4980B of the Code ("COBRA coverage")
for employees or former employees of Seller who have had a "qualifying
event" (as defined in Section 4980B(f)(3) of the Code) on or prior to the
Closing Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the indemnification
liability of any Principal for any breach or nonfullfillment of his or her
obligations under Sections 9.10 or 9.11 or a Consulting Agreement shall be
solely such Principal's liability and not joint and several obligations of
Seller and the Owners.
8.3 General Indemnification by Buyer. Buyer agrees to protect, defend,
--------------------------------
indemnify and hold harmless Seller and the Owners and their respective
successors and assigns from, against and in respect of any and all losses,
costs, damages, charges or expenses of any
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<PAGE>
nature (including reasonable attorney's fees) resulting from (a) the
Assumed Liabilities; (b) any breach of any representation or warranty or
nonfulfillment of any agreement or covenant on the part of Buyer contained
in this Agreement or in any of the instruments or documents delivered by
Buyer in connection herewith; (c) the ownership, lease, license or use of
the Assets and the operation of the Business by Buyer from and after the
Closing Date (including, without limitation, Taxes related thereto); and/or
(d) use by Buyer of the Excluded Trademarks pursuant to Section 9.7.
8.4 Notification of Claims. The parties hereto shall, in a timely manner (but
----------------------
in any event within ten (10) business days of receipt), (a) provide each
other with prompt notice of all third party actions, suits, proceedings,
claims, demands or assessments subject to the indemnification provisions of
this Article VIII (collectively, "Third Party Claims") brought at any time
following the Closing Date, and (b) provide each other with notice of all
other claims or demands for indemnification pursuant to the provisions of
this Article VII; provided, however, that the failure to provide timely
-------- -------
notice shall not affect the indemnification obligations of any party except
to the extent such party shall have been materially prejudiced as a result
of such failure. The party against whom a Third Party Claim is brought
shall make available to the indemnifying party all relevant information
material to the defense of such claim. The indemnifying party shall have
the right to control the defense of all Third Party Claims with counsel of
its choice, subject to the indemnified party's right to participate in the
defense; provided, that the indemnified party may control such defense at
--------
the indemnifying party's expense in the event of a failure by the
indemnifying party to assume control of the defense of any Third Party
Claim within 30 days after the indemnifying party is notified of such Third
Party Claim. The indemnified party shall have the right to elect to join
or participate in the defense of any Third Party Claim at its sole expense,
and no claim shall be settled or compromised without the consent of the
indemnified party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or
delayed; provided, however, that in the event the indemnified party refuses
-------- -------
to consent to a settlement acceptable to the indemnifying party which is
capable of settlement by the payment of money by the indemnifying party
only, the indemnifying party may pay the amount of the proposed settlement
to the indemnified party and shall thereupon be released from any further
liability with respect to such action, suit or proceeding, if such proposed
settlement (i) does not require an admission of liability or wrong doing on
the part of the indemnified party, (ii) does not limit conduct of
indemnified party's business or impose a future obligation on the
indemnified party to do or refrain from doing anything and (iii) does not
affect the indemnified party's business reputation.
8.5 Limitations. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this
-----------
Agreement, any indemnity claim by Buyer against Seller and/or the Owners
pursuant to Section 8.2(b) in respect of a breach of a representation
and/or warranty contained in Article IV (other than those representations
and warranties contained in Section 4.9(a), 4.21, 4.22 or 4.23) hereunder
shall be payable by Seller and/or the Owners only in the event that the
aggregate amount of all such claims so payable exceeds the amount of Five
Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000), in which event Seller and/or the
Owners shall be liable to Buyer for the full amount of all such claims in
excess of One Hundred Thousand Dollars
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<PAGE>
($100,000), including the amount initially excluded hereunder. In no event
shall the aggregate liability of (a) Seller and the Owners to Buyer
pursuant to Section 8.2(b) exceed one-half ( 1/2) of the Purchase Price,
(b) Seller and the Owners to Buyer pursuant to Section 8.2(c) exceed Two
Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000) less the amounts paid by Seller
pursuant to its severance policies as described on Schedule 4.21 to
Employees who do not accept Buyers offer of Employment pursuant to Section
9.1 hereof and (c) any Principal to the Buyer pursuant to Section 8.2
exceed one-seventh (1/7th) of the Purchase Price. Notwithstanding clause
(a) of the foregoing sentence, after the first anniversary of the Closing
Date, the aggregate maximum liability of Seller and the Owners to Buyer
pursuant to Section 8.2(b) shall not exceed the sum of (x) one-third (1/3)
of the Purchase Price and (y) the aggregate amount of any indemnification
claims of Buyer pursuant to Section 8.2(b) made or satisfied before the
first anniversary of the Closing Date, which sum in any event shall not
exceed one-half (1/2) of the Purchase Price.
8.6 Tax and Other Benefits. Payments by an indemnifying party pursuant to this
----------------------
Article VIII shall be limited to any indemnity payment otherwise due
hereunder that remains after deducting therefrom (i) any Tax benefit to the
indemnified party or any affiliate thereof, and (ii) any insurance proceeds
and any indemnity, contribution or other similar payment recoverable by the
indemnified party or its affiliates from any third party with respect
thereto.
8.7 Sole and Exclusive Remedy. The parties hereto hereby acknowledge and agree
-------------------------
that, except as otherwise expressly provided herein or in any of the other
instruments, documents and agreements delivered in connection herewith,
their sole and exclusive remedy with respect to any and all claims relating
to the subject matter of this Agreement and any such other instrument,
document or agreement shall be pursuant to the indemnification provisions
set forth in this Article VIII. In furtherance of the foregoing, each party
hereby acknowledges and agrees that no party shall be liable to any other
party for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages and each
such party hereby waives, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable
law, any and all rights, claims and causes of action it may have against
any other party hereto arising under or based upon any applicable law.
8.8 Nature of Payments. Payments made pursuant to this Article VIII shall
------------------
constitute adjustments to the Purchase Price.
ARTICLE IX
----------
FURTHER COVENANTS
9.1 Employees. Buyer shall offer to employ all of the Employees who are on
---------
active employment status as of the Closing Date (other than the
Principals), including anyone on maternity leave, effective on the day
immediately following the Closing Date which offer of employment will
include group health plan benefits which do not contain any exclusion or
limitation on the basis of any preexisting condition of such employee (or
the
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<PAGE>
employee's spouse and beneficiaries) which will commence on the date of
employment. Seller shall, and the Owners shall ensure that Seller shall
reasonably cooperate with Buyer to secure acceptance of Buyer's offers of
employment by all of such Employees. Except as included in the Closing
Liabilities, (a) Buyer shall not be liable for compensation, separation or
any other payments due to any of the Employees who do not accept Buyer's
offers of employment; (b) Buyer shall not be responsible for any payments
(including, without limitation, those in respect of separation, sick pay
and accrued vacation) which are due from Seller with respect to periods
prior to the commencement of employment with Buyer to any of the Employees
who accept Buyer's offers of employment; and (c) Buyer shall not be
responsible for any entitlements which are due under any of the Plans.
Buyer shall credit the Employees (1) for service with Seller for purposes
of determining vacation entitlement under Buyer's vacation policies and for
purposes of eligibility for participation and vesting under Buyer's 401(k)
plan and (2) with their respective entitlements, as of the date of the
Closing Date, to separation pay under Seller's severance policies as
described on Schedule 4.21 for the purposes of Buyer's separation policies,
-------------
but in no event with more than four weeks salary for any Employee. Seller
shall provide all notices and any continuation of health benefit coverage
required to be provided to any of Seller's employees, former employees, or
the beneficiaries or dependents of such employees or former employees,
under Section 4980B of the Code (herein collectively referred to as
"COBRA"), to the extent such notices and continuation of health benefit
coverage are required to be provided by reason of events occurring prior to
or on the Closing Date or by reason of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement. Seller shall continue the health coverage required by
COBRA and the provisions of this Agreement irrespective of the elimination
of any health benefit plan of Seller. Seller shall promptly notify Buyer
of the elimination of any health benefit plan of Seller prior to the end of
the maximum coverage period described in Section 4980B(f)(2)(1)(B) and
shall provide Buyer with evidence, to the satisfaction of Buyer, of
continuing compliance with this Section 9.1.
9.2 Other Mail and Communications. Seller and the Owners shall promptly remit
-----------------------------
to Buyer any checks, cash, payments, mail or other communications relating
to the Events, the Publication, the Ancillary Products, the Assets and/or
the Business which are received by Seller and/or the Owners after the
Closing Date. Buyer shall promptly remit to Seller any checks, cash,
payments, mail or other communications relating to the Excluded Assets
which are received by Buyer after the Closing Date.
9.3 Taxes. All Tax Returns and reports of Seller and/or the Owners relating to
-----
the Assets or the Business required to be filed after the Closing Date in
respect to any period prior to or through the Closing Date will be duly and
timely filed (including extensions of time for filing), and all Taxes upon
Seller, the Owners, the Assets or the Business which are due and payable in
respect to such periods, will be paid by Seller and/or the Owners, as
applicable. Any sales, transfer, excise, value added or other similar
taxes which may be imposed by any state or governmental agency in
connection with the sale and transfer of the Assets by Seller to Buyer
shall be borne equally by Buyer and Seller.
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9.4 Access to Records. For a period of four (4) years after the Closing Date,
-----------------
(a) Buyer shall preserve, and give to Seller and the Owners such access to,
the available books and records of the Business included in the Assets (and
to knowledgeable personnel) during normal business hours upon reasonable
advance notice as may be reasonably required by Seller and/or the Owners
for tax, audit or other business purposes, and (b) to the extent not
included in the Assets, Seller shall give Buyer such access to any
available books and records (including, without limitation, audit
workpapers and other records) of Seller relating to the Business (and to
knowledgeable personnel) during normal business hours upon reasonable
advance notice as may be reasonably required by Buyer for securities
reporting, tax, audit or other business purposes. At the expiration of such
four-year period, Buyer shall provide to Seller subject to Section 9.9 at
Seller's expense any books and records in respect of which Seller has
requested access (in writing).
9.5 Further Assurances. Upon the request and at the expense of Buyer, but
------------------
without further consideration, Seller and the Owners shall do, execute,
acknowledge, deliver and file, or shall cause to be done, executed,
acknowledged, delivered and filed, all such further acts, deeds, transfers,
conveyances, assignments or assurances as may be reasonably required for
the efficient transferring, conveying and assigning to Buyer, or for aiding
and assisting in the reducing to possession by Buyer, of any of the Assets.
9.6 Expenses and Finder's Fees. Seller and the Owners, on the one hand, and
---------------------------
Buyer, on the other hand, shall each bear their own expenses incurred in
connection with the negotiation, execution and performance of this
Agreement; provided, that Seller and/or the Owners shall be responsible for
paying and shall indemnify Buyer in respect of all amounts payable for
services rendered to the Seller and the Owners by Veronis, Suhler &
Associates, Inc. in connection with the negotiation, execution and delivery
of this Agreement. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, the
parties each represent and warrant that they have not engaged or dealt with
any broker, investment banker, finder, or agent so as to create or incur
any obligation for any brokerage fees, finder's fees or other commissions
in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction
contemplated hereby.
9.7 Excluded Trademarks. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
-------------------
in this Section 9.7, Seller hereby grants to Buyer a worldwide,
nonexclusive and nontransferable right and license to use (but not to
sublicense) the Excluded Trademarks for the three-year period commencing on
the Closing Date in connection with Buyer's operation of the Business after
the Closing Date. Buyer's use of the Excluded Trademarks shall be in
accordance with Seller's reasonable policies and practices regarding
trademark use as established from time to time by Seller; provided, that
--------
Buyer shall be entitled to use the Excluded Trademarks in the manner as
Seller uses the Excluded Trademarks in the conduct of the Business as the
same is conducted by Seller on the date of this Agreement; and provided,
--------
further, that Buyer shall not indicate or otherwise suggest, in connection
-------
with such use, that Seller owns or operates the Business after the Closing
Date. Buyer agrees and acknowledges that the Excluded Trademarks, together
with the goodwill symbolized thereby, is the sole and exclusive property of
Seller, and that its usage by Buyer shall inure to the benefit of Seller.
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<PAGE>
9.8 Bulk Sales Laws. Buyer hereby waives compliance by Seller with the
---------------
provisions of any bulk sales, bulk transfer or similar laws, and Seller and
the Owners agree to indemnify and hold Buyer harmless against any and all
losses, costs, damages, charges or expenses of any nature (including
reasonable attorney's fees) resulting from Seller's non-compliance with
such laws, except to the extent that any liability arising as a result of
such non-compliance relates to any of the Assumed Liabilities.
9.9 Confidential Information. Seller and the Owners shall ensure that neither
------------------------
Seller nor any Owner shall disclose to any person or entity or use for any
purpose any trade secrets or confidential or proprietary documents,
processes, strategic or marketing plans, other strategic or marketing
information, databases, attendee lists, exhibitor lists, advertiser lists,
subscriber lists or financial or other information relating to the Business
and/or the Assets.
9.10 Non-Competition. Each of Seller and each of the Owners, severally and not
---------------
jointly, agrees that, during the period (the "Restrictive Period") of five
years from and after the Closing Date, he, she or it will not, without the
prior written consent of Buyer, directly or indirectly, individually or
jointly with others, in whole or in part, own, sponsor, organize, promote,
operate, produce, manage, control, advise, consult with, render services
for or otherwise be associated, affiliated or involved with any organizing,
promoting, producing or managing any exhibition or conference, or
marketing, selling, producing or distributing any publication or ancillary
business-to-business marketing product or service (collectively, a
"Competing Business") anywhere in the United States, Canada and Mexico (the
"Restricted Territory") which (a) is marketed to, promoted to, sold to or
otherwise involved, exclusively or non-exclusively, with the fashion and/or
apparel industry; (b) is directed toward an exhibitor or attendee base
substantially the same as the exhibitor or attendee base of Events
conducted by Seller prior to the Closing; (c) is directed toward an
advertiser or circulation base substantially the same as the advertiser or
circulation base of the Publication published by Seller prior to the
Closing; and/or (d) otherwise competes with any of the Future Events,
Future Publications or Future Ancillary Products as operated by Buyer
during the Restrictive Period consistent with Seller's operation prior to
the Closing Date. Each of Seller and each of the Owners acknowledges and
agrees that (a) many of the exhibitors and attendees who participate in the
Events do or could solicit sales and/or operate throughout the Restricted
Territory and therefore any such event held anywhere in the Restricted
Territory would be a Competing Business and (b) that many of the
advertisers who advertise in the Publication do or could advertise and/or
operate throughout the Restricted Territory and that therefore any such
publication circulated anywhere in the Restricted Territory would be a
Competing Business. Each of Seller and each of the Owners further
acknowledges and agrees that the duration, scope and geographical limit of
the foregoing covenant is reasonable and necessary to protect the
legitimate interest of the Business and Buyer. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, at no time shall Seller or any of the Owners be prohibited from
owning not more than one percent of the outstanding securities of any
publicly traded entity; provided, that such ownership does not involve the
rendering of any services or otherwise violate any aspect (other than the
ownership aspect) of the foregoing covenant. Buyer
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<PAGE>
acknowledges and agrees that the businesses as conducted by Seller on the
date of this Agreement in connection with the Excluded Publications, AES
Internet LLC and Easy Soft, Inc. are not Competing Businesses.
9.11 Non-Retention. Each of Seller and each of the Owners, severally and
-------------
not jointly, agrees that, during the Restricted Period, he, she or it will
not, without the prior written consent of Buyer, directly or indirectly,
individually or jointly with others, solicit for employment, employ as an
employee or retain as an independent contractor any of the Employees or any
other person who is then or was at any time during the prior twelve months
employed by Buyer in connection with the Business.
9.12 Damages and Equitable Relief.
----------------------------
(a) Each of Seller and each of the Owners, severally and not jointly,
acknowledges and agrees that any breach of Sections 9.9, 9.10 and/or
9.11 by such party will cause the Business and Buyer irreparable
injury and damage. Each of Seller and each of the Owners, therefore,
severally and not jointly, expressly agrees that Buyer shall be
entitled to injunctive and/or other equitable relief to prevent an
anticipatory or continuing breach and to secure enforcement of any
part of Sections 9.9, 9.10 and/or 9.11. Nothing herein shall be
construed as a waiver by Buyer of any right it may now have or
hereafter acquire to monetary damages by reason of any injury to its
property, business or reputation or otherwise arising out of any such
breach or any otherwise wrongful act or omission by Seller and/or any
of the Owners.
(b) While the restrictions and covenants set forth in Sections 9.9, 9.10
and 9.11 are considered by the parties to be reasonable in all the
circumstances, it is recognized that restrictions and covenants of the
nature in question may fail for technical reasons unforeseen, and
accordingly it is hereby agreed and declared that if any of such
restrictions or covenants shall be adjudged to be void as going beyond
what is reasonable in all the circumstances for the protection of the
interests of Buyer but would be valid if part of the wording thereof
were deleted or modified, the time period thereof reduced, the range
of activities reduced in scope, the geographic area covered thereby
reduced and/or any other modification made, the said restriction or
covenant shall apply with such modifications as may be necessary to
make it valid and effective. In case any one or more of the provisions
of this Agreement should be found to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceable
nature of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any
way be affected or impaired thereby.
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<PAGE>
ARTICLE X
---------
GENERAL
10.1 Waiver. Any failure of any of the parties hereto to comply with any of its
------
obligations or agreements or to fulfill any conditions herein contained may
be waived only by a written waiver from the other parties. No failure by
any party hereto to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right
hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or
partial exercise of any right hereunder by such party preclude any other or
future exercise of that right or any other right hereunder by that party.
10.2 Notices. All notices, requests or other communications required or
-------
permitted hereunder shall be given in writing by hand delivery, registered
mail, certified mail or overnight courier, return receipt requested,
postage prepaid, to the party to receive the same at its respective address
set forth below, or at such other address as may from time to time be
designated by such party to the other in accordance with this Section 10.2:
If to Parent, Subsidiary, the Trust,
any Stock Trust or any Principal,
to such entity or person: c/o Andrew J. Larkin
23 Tubwreck Drive
Dover, MA 02030
with a copy to: Squadron, Ellenoff, Present & Sheinfeld, LLP
551 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10176
Attn: Stephen J. Gulotta, Jr., Esq.
and: Lemelman & Lemelman
77 Franklin Street
Boston, MA 02110
Attn: Herbert Lemelman, Esq.
If to Buyer, to: Advanstar Communications Inc.
545 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 02116
Attn: Robert L. Krakoff, Chairman & CEO
and Eric I. Lisman, VP & General Counsel
with copy to: Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP
125 High Street
Boston, MA 02110
Attn: F. George Davitt, Esq.
All such notices and communications hereunder shall be deemed given when
delivered in person, two business days after having been sent by registered
or certified mail, or on the next business day when sent by overnight
courier service (receipt and signature required).
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10.3 No Third Party Beneficiaries. Neither this Agreement nor any provision
----------------------------
hereof, nor any Schedule hereto or document executed or delivered
herewith, shall create any right in favor of or impose any obligation
upon any person or entity other than the parties hereto and their
respective successors and assigns.
10.4 Headings. Captions and paragraph headings used herein are for convenience
--------
only, are not a part of this Agreement and shall not be used in
construing it.
10.5 Entire Agreement. The making, execution and delivery of this Agreement by
----------------
the parties has been induced by no representations, statements,
warranties or agreements other than those herein expressed. This
Agreement, together with the schedules, other agreements and documents
referred to herein, embodies the entire understanding of the parties and
there are no other agreements or understandings, written or oral, in
effect between the parties relating to the subject matter hereof, except
as specifically referenced herein. This Agreement may be amended or
modified only by a written instrument signed by the parties. This
Agreement supersedes and terminates all prior discussions, negotiations,
understandings, arrangements and agreements between the parties relating
to the subject matter hereof.
10.6 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of duplicate
------------
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which
together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
10.7 Assignability. None of the parties hereto may assign this Agreement
-------------
without the prior written consent of the other, which consent will not be
unreasonably withheld or delayed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Buyer
may assign its rights, but not its obligations, under this Agreement to
any wholly-owned direct or indirect subsidiary of its ultimate parent
company or to a third party which acquires ownership of the Business
without the consent of Seller or the Owners. Any impermissible attempted
assignment of this Agreement without such prior written consent shall be
void.
10.8 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement and the provisions thereof shall
----------------------
be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the respective successors and
permitted assigns of the parties hereto.
10.9 Knowledge. The term "knowledge" or words to that effect shall mean all
---------
facts of which such party has written or oral notice or other actual
knowledge.
10.10 Governing Law. The parties hereto have agreed that the validity,
-------------
construction, operation and effect of any and all of the terms and
provisions of this Agreement shall be determined and enforced in
accordance with the substantive laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law thereunder.
10.11 Submission to Jurisdiction; Agent for Service of Process. To the
--------------------------------------------------------
fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each party hereto irrevocably
submits to the jurisdiction of
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any federal or state court in Boston, Massachusetts, in any suit or
proceeding based on or arising under this Agreement, and irrevocably
agree that all claims in respect of such suit or proceeding may be
determined in any such court. Each party hereto, to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law, irrevocably and fully waives the defense of
inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such suit or proceeding. Parent,
Subsidiary and each Owner hereby designate and appoint Andrew J. Larkin,
an individual residing on the date of this Agreement at 23 Tubwreck
Drive, Dover, Massachusetts 02030, as his, her or its authorized agent
upon whom process may be served in any such suit or proceeding (the
"Process Agent"). By his execution and delivery of this Agreement, Andrew
J. Larkin has accepted his designation and appointment as the Process
Agent. Parent, Subsidiary and each Owner hereby irrevocably authorize and
direct the Process Service to accept such service and further agree that
service of process upon the Process Agent in accordance with the
provisions of Section 10.2 of this Agreement shall be deemed in every
respect effective service of process upon Parent, Subsidiary or such
Owner, as the case may be, in any such suit or proceeding. Nothing herein
shall affect the right of any person to serve process in any other manner
permitted by law.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly signed this Agreement the day and
year first written above.
ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
By: /s/ Robert L. Krakoff
---------------------
Name: Robert L. Krakoff
Title: Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN, LLC
By: /s/ Alan B. Larkin
-------------------
Name: Alan B. Larkin
Title: Manager
By: /s/ Charna Larkin
-----------------
Name: Charna Larkin
Title: Manager
By: /s/ Harold S. Larkin
--------------------
Name: Harold S. Larkin
Title: Manager
LARKIN-PLUZNICK-LARKIN COMPANY
By: /s/ Alan B. Larkin
------------------
Name: Alan B. Larkin
Title: Trustee
By: /s/ Charna Larkin
-----------------
Name: Charna Larkin
Title: Trustee
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<PAGE>
By: /s/ Harold S. Larkin
--------------------
Name: Harold S. Larkin
Title: Trustee
PRINCIPALS AND OWNERS:
/s/ Alan B. Larkin
- ------------------------
Alan B. Larkin, as Owner, and as Principal,
and as Trustee of the Andrew Larkin Stock
Trust, the David Larkin Stock Trust and the
Jonathan Larkin Stock Trust
/s/ Harold S. Larkin
- ------------------------
Harold S. Larkin, as Owner, and as Principal,
and as Trustee of the Susan J. Larkin Stock
Trust
/s/ Andrew J. Larkin
- ------------------------
Andrew J. Larkin, Principal
/s/ David Larkin
- ------------------------
David Larkin, Principal
/s/ Jonathan Larkin
- ------------------------
Jonathan Larkin, Principal
/s/ Susan J. Larkin
- ------------------------
Susan J. Larkin-Brandner, Principal
/s/ Selma Pluznick
- ------------------------
Selma Pluznick, Owner
LPL/STYLE GROUP, LLC
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<PAGE>
By: /s/ Jonathan Larkin
---------------------
Name: Jonathan Larkin
Title: Manager
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<PAGE>
EXHIBITS
- --------
A-1 One-Year Note
A-2 Two-Year Note
A-3 Letter of Credit
B - Bill of Sale and General Assignment
C - Registered Trademark Assignment
D - Registered Copyright Assignment
E - Assignment and Assumption Agreement
F - Form of Consulting Agreement
G - Escrow Agreement
<PAGE>
SCHEDULES
- ---------
1.2(d) -- Excluded Assets
1.2(f) -- Excluded Contracts
2.1(a) -- Seller's Account
2.2 -- Preliminary Closing Statement
2.3 -- Purchase Price Allocation
3.2(c) -- Closing Consents
4.1 -- Subsidiaries and Predecessors
4.3 -- Breaches
4.4 -- Owners
4.5 -- Litigation
4.7 -- Properties
4.8(a) -- Financial Statements
4.8(b) -- Material Changes
4.8(d) -- Certain Expenses
4.9 -- Tangible Assets
4.10(a) -- Exhibitor Contracts
4.10(b) -- Exhibitor Contract form, rates and deviations
4.10(c) -- Past Exhibitor Lists
4.11(a) -- Advertiser Contracts
4.11(b) -- Advertiser invoice and rates
4.11(d) -- Canceled Advertisers
4.12(a) -- Material Contracts
4.12(b) -- Consents
4.13(a) -- Number of Attendees
4.13(b) -- Use of Attendee Lists
4.14(a) -- Circulation Reports
4.14(c) -- Use of Subscriber Lists
4.16 -- Trademarks
4.18 -- Insurance
4.19 -- Related Party Transactions
4.20(a) -- Employees
4.20(b) -- Agents
4.21 -- Plans
4.22(c) -- Tax Returns
4.24 -- Software
<PAGE>
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
CONTACT: Michelle Mitchell, Corporate
Marketing Mgr.
440-891-2766 (phone)
440-891-2727 (fax)
email: [email protected]
ADVANSTAR TO ACQUIRE THE LARKIN GROUP AND ALIGN WITH MAGIC SHOWS
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
- --Adds international Fashion Boutique Shows, Style Industrie shows,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
International Fashion Kids Shows, International Fashion Fabric Exhibitions, and
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accent magazine
- ---------------
CLEVELAND, OHIO -- July 12, 1999 -- Advanstar Communication, Inc. and its
subsidiary MAGIC International, producers of the world's largest fashion and
apparel trade show, today announced that Advanstar has signed a definitive
agreement to acquire the Larkin Group headquartered in Newton, Mass. The
transaction will bring the Larkin Group's 16 trade shows serving the fashion and
fabric/textile industries and one magazine serving the accessory industry into
the Advanstar family of business and professional trade shows, publications,
conferences and marketing services serving 18 targeted industry sectors.
"This acquisition continues our strategy to add quality marketing communication
opportunities for our customers in our targeted industry sectors. The Larkin
Group's highly-regarded fashion and apparel shows complement our world-renowned
MAGIC events, strengthen our leading presence in the fashion and apparel market,
and expand our reach into other fashion-related markets including accessories,
fabrics and textiles," said Bob Krakoff, Chairman & CEO of Advanstar.
The Larkin Group trade shows held in New York City at the Jacob K. Javits Center
consist of five International Fashion Boutique Shows focusing on moderate price
point women's apparel,
<PAGE>
-2-
accessories, footwear and jewelry markets; five Style Industrie shows focusing
on the upscale, ready-to-wear designer clothing market, four Intentional Fashion
Kids Shows focusing on children's apparel, footwear and accessories; and two
International Fashion Fabric Exhibitions focusing on fabrics and textiles for
the apparel industry. The trade shows will become part of Advanstar's Fashion,
Apparel & Beauty Group directed by Joe Loggia, President of MAGIC International
and General Manager of Advanstar's Fashion, Apparel & Beauty Group.
"The International Fashion Boutique Shows and Style Industrie shows provide us
the platform, the right venue, location, and dates, to build a women's trade
show marketing solution much like MAGIC has evolved into for the men's apparel
market. New York is a key center for women's fashion, and I look forward to
using MAGIC's skills and resources in the New York events to enhance their value
to customers," said Loggia.
"It is very exciting when you realize that Advanstar now caters to retailers and
buyers in virtually all segments and price points in the fashion and apparel
industry. Collectively, the MAGIC and Larkin Group events will service more than
14,000 exhibitors showcasing their product lines to more than 278,000 attendees.
This is a powerful and unmatched reach," added Loggia.
The Larkin Group has been owned and managed by Larkin family members since it
was founded in 1945 by Harold and Alan Larkin. It operates from locations in
Massachusetts, New York and California.
"It was so important for us to find the right buyer, which we determined was
Advanstar, owner of MAGIC. We have a proud history, exceptional employees and
valuable customers, and I am confident the shows and magazine will flourish
under their experienced and creative leadership," said A.J. Larkin speaking on
behalf of the Larkin family.
<PAGE>
-3-
Advanstar Communications is a worldwide business information company which
produces 107 exhibitions and conferences throughout the world, publishes 110
business magazines and directories, and provides direct marketing, database mid
reference products and services to targeted industry sectors including retail,
hospitality, fashion, healthcare, pharmaceutical, science, information
technology, communications, manufacturing and processing markets. The company
has over 1,300 employees and currently operates from multiple offices in the
United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe and Asia.
# # #
<PAGE>
THE REACH OF ADVANSTAR'S FASHION & APPAREL GROUP
- ------------------------------------------------
MEN'S FASHION TRADE SHOWS
- -------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Frequency Location Focus # of Exhibitors # of Attendees
or Booths
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
MAGIC 2 times per year Las Vegas The largest and Feb. and Aug. show Feb. and Aug. show
Convention Center most comprehensive average: 2,000 average: 90,000
& Sands Expo men's apparel
Center, Las Vegas marketplace in the
world encompassing
a broad range of
price points and
classifications
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The edge 2 times per year Sands Expo Center, Held alongside Feb. and Aug. show Feb and Aug. show
at MAGIC Las Vegas MAGIC, the edge average: 300 average: 90,000
showcases
progressive trend
and lifestyle
fashion
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAGIC East Annual Javits Center, New Features the New profile for New profile for
York City finest domestic January 2000 January 2000
and international
manufacturers of
better and
designer men's
apparel
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WWDMAGIC 2 times per year Sands Expo Center, Multiple price Feb. and Aug. show Feb. and Aug show
Las Vegas point categories average: 1,110 average: 90,000
strongest in
junior, young
contemporary,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Attendee Profile Future Show Dates
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
MAGIC Apparel retailers Aug. 30-Sept. 2,
including dept. 1999
stores, Feb. 14-17, 2000
independent 7 Aug. 28-31, 2000
specialty stores
and mass
merchandisers
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
The edge Apparel retailers Aug. 30-Sept. 2,
at MAGIC including dept. 1999
stores, Feb. 14-17, 2000
independent 7 Aug. 28-31, 2000
specialty stores
and mass
merchandisers
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
MAGIC East High-end men's Jan. 2000
specialty, chain
and independent
retailers
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
WWDMAGIC Apparel retailers Aug. 30-Sept. 2,
including dept. 1999
stores, Feb. 14-17, 2000
independent & Aug. 28-31, 2000
specialty stores
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
-5-
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Frequency Location Focus # of Exhibitors # of Attendees
or Booths
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
moderate, better
and accessory
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
The edge 2 ties per year Sands Expo Center, Held alongside Aug. show: 120 Feb. and Aug. show
of MAGIC Las Vegas MAGIC, the edge average: 90,000
showcases
progressive trend
and lifestyle
fashion
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Internal 5 times per year Javits Center, New Low to moderate Jan., May, Jan., May,
Fashion York City price point Aug./Sept. show Aug./Sept. show
Boutique apparel, jewelry average: 1,295 average 11,420
Shows and accessories
Mar. and Oct. show Mar. and Oct show
average: 484 average: 7,890
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stole 5 times per year Javits Center, New Higher price Average of last Average of last
Industrie York City point upscale, three shows: 493 three shows: 3,833
Shows read-to-wear
designer clothing
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BFiA 2 times per year Hudson theater, Fashion shows N/A Mar. and Aug. show
Fashion Millennium dedicated average: 1,000
Shows Broadway, New York exclusively to the
intimate apparel
market
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Attendee Profile Future Show Dates
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
and mass
merchandisers
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
The edge Apparel retailers Aug. 30-Sept. 2,
of MAGIC including dept. 1999
stores, Feb. 14-17, 2000
independent &
specialty stores
and mass
merchandisers
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Internal Retailers and July 31-Aug. 3,
Fashion buyers from the US 1999
Boutique and 79 countries Oct. 16-19, 1999
Shows Jan. 8-11, 2000
Mar. 22-28, 2000
June 3-6, 2000
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stole Retailers and Aug. 5-7, 1999
Industrie buyers from mainly Sept. 24-26, 1999
Shows US Jan. 9-12, 2000
Feb. 20-22, 2000
May 2-4, 2000
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
BFiA Manufacturers, Aug. 9, 1999
Fashion suppliers, buyers March 2000
Shows and retailers of Aug. 2000
intimate apparel
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
-6-
CHILDREN'S FASHION TRADE SHOWS
- ------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Frequency Location Focus # of Exhibitors # of Attendees
or Booths
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
MAGIC kids 2 times per year Las Vegas Hilton Multiple price Feb. and Aug. show Feb. and Aug. show
Hotel, Las Vegas point categories average: 306 average: 90,000
for boys, pre,
girls, and infants
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
International 4 times per year Javits Center, Low to moderate Mar. and Aug. show Mar. and Aug. show
Fashion Kids New York City price point average: 792 average 4,370
Shows apparel and
accessories Jan. and Aug. show Jan. and Aug. show
average: 240 average: 2,4878
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Attendee Profile Future Show Dates
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
MAGIC kids Retailers Aug. 30-Sept. 2,
including major 1999
dept. stores, Feb. 14-17, 2000
independent & Aug. 28-31, 2000
specialty stores,
and mass
merchandisers
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
International Retailers and Aug. 8-10, 1999
Fashion Kids buyers from Oct. 17-20, 1999
Shows specialty shops, Jan. 16-18, 2000
chain and dept.
stores and catalog
orgs. From the US
and 51 other
countries
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
FABRIC/TEXTILE TRADE SHOWS
- --------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Frequency Location Focus # of Exhibitors # of Attendees
or Booths
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
International Twice yearly Javits Center, New Showcase fabrics Oct. and April Oct. and April
Fashion Fabric York City and textiles for show average: 623 show average:
Exhibitions apparel designers, 8,793
manufacturers and
private label
executives
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<CAPTION>
- ------------------------------------------------------------
Show Name Attendee Profile Future Show Dates
- ------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
International Manufacturers of Aug. 8-10, 1999
Fashion Fabric men's, women's, Oct. 17-20, 1999
Exhibitions children's apparel Jan. 16-18, 2000
- ------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
FASHION INDUSTRY PUBLICATIONS & DIRECTORIES
- -------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
-7-
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Publication Name Frequency Focus
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Accents 12 times per year Publishing for buyers and merchandise managers
of fine jewelry, fashion jewelry and watch
departments. Circulation consists of volume
retail buyers, merchandise managers, wholesalers,
and other individuals involve din the jewelry and
accessory markets. Circulation: 11,200
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Body Fashions/Intimate Apparel (BFiA) 12 times per year Published for nearly 80 years, where buyers of body
fashions and intimate apparel keep up date on the
news and fashion trends of the intimate apparel
industry on an international level. Circulation:
12,000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BFiA Supplements
- -- BFiA Catwalk 2 times per year A market-specific publication designed for
distribution in conjunction with the BFiA Fashion
Shows
- -- The Men's Department 5 times per year Reaches retailers, manufacturers and suppliers of
men's underwear and accessories.
- -- Waves 2 times per year Published in July and January delivering informative
and eye-catching information on the swim industry.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hosiery Style 5 times a year Published to coincide with the major hosiery market
weeks, it features fashion and merchandising
information that keeps hosiery manufacturers and
retailers up-to-date on the latest developments in
the market. Circulation: 8,300
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Innerviews 26 times per year A newsletter containing industry-specific
information that concerns the suppliers and
manufacturers in the innerwear market. Circulation:
3,000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Directories:
- --BFiA Annual Directory 1 time per year Lists manufacturers and suppliers by product
classification and reaches suppliers, manufacturers,
retailers and wholesalers of hosiery, sleepwear,
panties, bodywear, leisure wear, at-home wear,
loungewear and robes. Circulation: 9,000
- --Hosiery Style Directory 1 time per year Published each Spring, it provides a one-stop
shopper's guide to manufacturers and suppliers in
the hosiery industry. Circulation: 8,300
- --Show Directories Issued in conjunction with Description of exhibitors at each show.
each show
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
EXECUTION COPY
================================================================================
CREDIT AGREEMENT
among
ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC.,
as Borrower
ADVANSTAR, INC.,
as Company
THE SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS REFERRED TO HEREIN
THE SEVERAL LENDERS
FROM TIME TO TIME PARTIES HERETO
THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
AS CO-DOCUMENTATION AGENT
BANKBOSTON, N.A.,
AS DOCUMENTATION AGENT
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK,
as Administrative Agent
and
CHASE SECURITIES INC.,
as Lead Arranger and Book Manager
Dated as of May 31, 1996,
as amended and restated as of July 28, 1999
================================================================================
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Table of Contents is not part of the Agreement to which it is attached but
is inserted for convenience of reference only.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
Section 1. Definitions and Accounting Matters...................................... 2
----------------------------------
1.01 Certain Defined Terms................................................ 2
---------------------
1.02 Accounting Terms and Determinations.................................. 20
-----------------------------------
1.03 Classes and Types of Loans........................................... 21
--------------------------
Section 2. Commitments, Loans, Notes and Prepayments............................... 21
-----------------------------------------
2.01 Loans................................................................ 21
-----
2.02 Borrowings........................................................... 22
----------
2.03 Letters of Credit.................................................... 22
-----------------
2.04 Changes of Revolving Credit Commitments.............................. 25
---------------------------------------
2.05 Commitment Fee....................................................... 26
--------------
2.06 Lending Offices...................................................... 26
---------------
2.07 Several Obligations; Remedies Independent............................ 26
-----------------------------------------
2.08 Evidence of Loans; Notes............................................. 26
------------------------
2.09 Optional Prepayments and Conversions or Continuations of Loans....... 27
--------------------------------------------------------------
2.10 Mandatory Prepayments................................................ 28
---------------------
Section 3. Payments of Principal and Interest...................................... 30
----------------------------------
3.01 Repayment of Loans................................................... 30
------------------
3.02 Interest............................................................. 32
--------
Section 4. Payments; Pro Rata Treatment; Computations; Etc. ...................... 32
------------------------------------------------
4.01 Payments............................................................. 33
--------
4.02 Pro Rata Treatment................................................... 33
------------------
4.03 Computations......................................................... 34
------------
4.04 Minimum Amounts...................................................... 34
---------------
4.05 Certain Notices...................................................... 34
---------------
4.06 Non-Receipt of Funds by the Administrative Agent..................... 35
------------------------------------------------
4.07 Sharing of Payments, Etc. ........................................... 35
------------------------
Section 5. Yield Protection, Etc. ................................................. 36
---------------------
5.01 Additional Costs..................................................... 36
----------------
5.02 Limitation on Types of Loans......................................... 38
----------------------------
5.03 Illegality........................................................... 38
----------
5.04 Treatment of Affected Loans.......................................... 38
---------------------------
5.05 Compensation......................................................... 39
------------
5.06 Additional Costs in Respect of Letters of Credit..................... 39
------------------------------------------------
5.07 U.S. Taxes........................................................... 40
----------
5.08 Replacement of Lenders............................................... 41
----------------------
Section 6. Guarantee............................................................... 42
---------
6.01 The Guarantee........................................................ 42
-------------
6.02 Obligations Unconditional............................................ 42
-------------------------
6.03 Reinstatement........................................................ 43
-------------
6.04 Subrogation.......................................................... 43
-----------
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
6.05 Remedies............................................................. 43
--------
6.06 Instrument for the Payment of Money.................................. 43
-----------------------------------
6.07 Continuing Guarantee................................................. 43
--------------------
6.08 Rights of Contribution............................................... 43
----------------------
6.09 General Limitation on Guarantee Obligations.......................... 44
-------------------------------------------
6.10 Waiver............................................................... 44
------
Section 7. Conditions Precedent.................................................... 44
--------------------
7.01 Amendment/Restatement Effective Date.................................. 44
------------------------------------
7.02 Initial and Subsequent Extensions of Credit........................... 47
-------------------------------------------
7.03 Permitted Acquisitions................................................ 47
----------------------
Section 8. Representations and Warranties.......................................... 48
------------------------------
8.01 Corporate Existence................................................... 48
-------------------
8.02 Financial Condition................................................... 48
-------------------
8.03 Litigation............................................................ 49
----------
8.04 No Breach............................................................. 49
---------
8.05 Action................................................................ 49
------
8.06 Approvals............................................................. 49
---------
8.07 ERISA................................................................. 50
-----
8.08 Taxes................................................................. 50
-----
8.09 Investment Company Act................................................ 50
----------------------
8.10 Public Utility Holding Company Act.................................... 50
----------------------------------
8.11 Material Agreements and Liens; Ownership of Property; Insurance....... 50
---------------------------------------------------------------
8.12 Environmental Matters................................................. 51
---------------------
8.13 Capitalization........................................................ 52
--------------
8.14 Subsidiaries, Etc. ................................................... 52
-----------------
8.15 True and Complete Disclosure.......................................... 52
----------------------------
8.16 Transaction Documents................................................. 53
---------------------
8.17 Regulation H.......................................................... 53
------------
8.18 Security Documents.................................................... 53
------------------
8.19 Intellectual Property Rights.......................................... 53
----------------------------
8.20 Federal Regulations................................................... 54
-------------------
8.21 Year 2000 Matters..................................................... 54
-----------------
Section 9. Covenants of the Borrower and the Company............................... 54
-----------------------------------------
9.01 Financial Statements Etc. ............................................ 54
------------------------
9.02 Litigation............................................................ 56
----------
9.03 Existence, Etc. ...................................................... 57
--------------
9.04 Insurance............................................................. 57
---------
9.05 Prohibition of Fundamental Changes.................................... 57
----------------------------------
9.06 Limitation on Liens................................................... 58
-------------------
9.07 Indebtedness.......................................................... 59
------------
9.08 Investments........................................................... 60
-----------
9.09 Dividend Payments..................................................... 61
-----------------
9.10 Certain Financial Covenants........................................... 62
---------------------------
9.11 Certain Net Available Proceeds........................................ 62
------------------------------
9.12 Interest Rate Protection Agreements................................... 63
-----------------------------------
9.13 Lines of Business..................................................... 63
-----------------
9.14 Transactions with Affiliates.......................................... 63
----------------------------
9.15 Use of Proceeds....................................................... 63
---------------
9.16 Certain Obligations Respecting Domestic Subsidiaries.................. 63
----------------------------------------------------
9.17 Ownership of the Borrower............................................. 65
-------------------------
</TABLE>
ii-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
9.18 Certain Payments and Modifications.................................... 65
----------------------------------
9.19 Special Purpose Company............................................... 65
-----------------------
Section 10. Events of Default..................................................... 66
-----------------
Section 11. The Administrative Agent............................................... 69
------------------------
11.01 Appointment, Powers and Immunities................................... 69
----------------------------------
11.02 Reliance by Administrative Agent..................................... 70
--------------------------------
11.03 Defaults............................................................. 70
--------
11.04 Rights as a Lender................................................... 70
------------------
11.05 Indemnification...................................................... 71
---------------
11.06 Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders............... 71
------------------------------------------------------
11.07 Failure to Act....................................................... 71
--------------
11.08 Resignation or Removal of Administrative Agent....................... 71
----------------------------------------------
11.09 Consents under Other Loan Documents.................................. 72
-----------------------------------
Section 12. Miscellaneous.......................................................... 72
-------------
12.01 Waiver............................................................... 72
------
12.02 Notices.............................................................. 72
-------
12.03 Expenses, Etc. ...................................................... 74
-------------
12.04 Amendments, Etc. .................................................... 75
---------------
12.05 Successors and Assigns............................................... 76
----------------------
12.06 Assignments and Participations....................................... 76
------------------------------
12.07 Survival............................................................. 79
--------
12.08 Captions............................................................. 79
--------
12.09 Counterparts......................................................... 79
------------
12.10 Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction............................ 79
-----------------------------------------
12.11 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL................................................. 79
--------------------
12.12 Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality.................... 80
-------------------------------------------------
12.13 Amendment to Security Agreement...................................... 81
-------------------------------
</TABLE>
iii-
<PAGE>
ANNEX A - Commitments
SCHEDULE I - Material Agreements and Liens
SCHEDULE II - Subsidiaries
SCHEDULE III - Real Property
SCHEDULE IV - Consents
SCHEDULE V - Intellectual Property
EXHIBIT A-1 - Form of Revolving Credit Note
EXHIBIT A-2 - Form of Tranche A Term Loan Note
EXHIBIT A-3 - Form of Tranche B Term Loan Note
EXHIBIT A-4 - Form of Tranche C Term Loan Note
EXHIBIT B-1 - Form of Security Agreement
EXHIBIT B-2 - Form of Conditional Assignment of and Security Interest in
Trademark Rights
EXHIBIT B-3 - Form of Conditional Assignment of and Security Interest in
Copyrights
EXHIBIT C-1 - Form of Opinion of Counsel to the Obligors
EXHIBIT C-2 - Form of Opinion of Special New York Counsel to the Borrower
EXHIBIT D - Form of Confidentiality Agreement
EXHIBIT E - Form of Assignment and Acceptance
EXHIBIT F - Form of Acknowledgment and Confirmation of Security Agreement
EXHIBIT G - Form of Mortgage
EXHIBIT H - Form of Additional Obligor Addendum
EXHIBIT I - Form of Lender Addendum
vi-
<PAGE>
CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of May 31, 1996, as amended and restated as of July
28, 1999, among:
ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC., a New York corporation (the
"Borrower");
--------
ADVANSTAR, INC., a Delaware corporation and the parent corporation of
the Borrower (the "Company");
-------
each of the Subsidiaries of the Borrower identified under the caption
"SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS" on the signature pages hereto and each Subsidiary
of the Borrower that becomes a "Subsidiary Guarantor" on or after the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date (as defined below) pursuant to Section
9.16(a) hereof (individually, a "Subsidiary Guarantor" and, collectively,
--------------------
the "Subsidiary Guarantors"); and, together with the Company, the
---------------------
"Guarantors"; and the Guarantors collectively with the Borrower, the
-----------
"Obligors");
---------
each of the lenders listed on Annex A hereto and each lender that
becomes a "Lender" after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date pursuant
to Section 12.06(b) hereof (individually, a "Lender" and, collectively, the
------
"Lenders"); and
-------
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, a New York banking corporation, as
administrative agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, together with its
successors in such capacity, the "Administrative Agent").
--------------------
W I T N E S S E T H :
-------------------
WHEREAS, the Obligors, the Lenders and the Administrative Agent are
parties to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 31, 1996, as amended and
restated as of August 26, 1998, as further amended by the First Amendment
thereto dated as of June 21, 1999 (as so amended and restated and further
amended, the "Existing Credit Agreement");
-------------------------
WHEREAS, the Obligors have requested that the Existing Credit Agreement be
amended and restated as hereinafter provided;
WHEREAS, such amendment and restatement has been approved in accordance
with the Existing Credit Agreement; and
WHEREAS, it is the intent of the parties hereto that this Agreement not
constitute a novation of the obligations and liabilities existing under the
Existing Credit Agreement or evidence repayment of all or any of such
obligations and liabilities and that this Agreement amend and restate in its
entirety the Existing Credit Agreement and re-evidence the obligations of the
Obligors outstanding thereunder;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual agreements
contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree that, effective on the
Amendment and Restatement Effective Date (as hereinafter defined), the Existing
Credit Agreement will be amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
Section 1. Definitions and Accounting Matters.
----------------------------------
1.1 Certain Defined Terms. As used herein, the following terms shall
---------------------
have the following meanings (all terms defined in this Section 1.01 or in other
provisions of this Agreement in the singular to have the same meanings when used
in the plural and vice versa):
---- -----
<PAGE>
2
"Acknowledgment and Confirmation of Security Agreement" shall mean the
-----------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgment and Confirmation of Security Agreement made by each Obligor in
favor of the Administrative Agent for the ratable benefit of the Lenders,
substantially in the form of Exhibit F, as the same may be amended, supplemented
or otherwise modified from time to time.
"Acquired Working Capital" shall have the meaning assigned to such
------------------------
term in Section 2.10(g).
"Administrative Agent" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
--------------------
the recitals hereto.
"Affiliate" shall mean any Person that directly or indirectly
---------
controls, or is under common control with, or is controlled by, the Company and,
if such Person is an individual, any member of the immediate family (including
parents, spouse, children and siblings) of such individual and any trust whose
principal beneficiary is such individual or one or more members of such
immediate family and any Person who is controlled by any such member or trust.
As used in this definition, "control" (including, with its correlative meanings,
-------
"controlled by" and "under common control with") shall mean possession, directly
------------- -------------------------
or indirectly, of power to direct or cause the direction of management or
policies (whether through ownership of securities or partnership or other
ownership interests, by contract or otherwise), provided that, in any event, any
--------
Person that owns directly or indirectly securities having 5% or more of the
voting power for the election of directors or other governing body of a
corporation or 5% or more of the partnership or other ownership interests of any
other Person (other than as a limited partner of such other Person) will be
deemed to control such corporation or other Person. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, (a) no individual shall be an Affiliate solely by reason of his or
her being a director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries if such individual holds ownership interests in the Company of less
than 5% and (b) none of the Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of the Company shall be
Affiliates.
"Agreement" shall mean this Credit Agreement, as amended, amended and
---------
restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
"Amendment/Restatement Effective Date" shall mean the date on which
------------------------------------
each of the conditions precedent specified in Section 7.01 shall have been
satisfied, which date is July 28, 1999.
"Applicable Lending Office" shall mean, for each Lender and for each
-------------------------
Type of Loan, the "Lending Office" of such Lender (or of an affiliate of such
Lender) designated for such Type of Loan in an administrative questionnaire
delivered to the Administrative Agent or such other office of such Lender (or of
an affiliate of such Lender) as such Lender may from time to time specify to the
Administrative Agent and the Borrower as the office by which its Loans of such
Type are to be made and maintained.
"Applicable Margin" shall mean: (a) with respect to Base Rate Loans,
-----------------
1.25% per annum (in the case of Revolving Credit Loans and Tranche A Term
Loans), 1.50% per annum (in the case of Tranche B Term Loans) and 2.0% per annum
(in the case of Tranche C Term Loans); and (b) with respect to Eurodollar Loans,
2.25% per annum (in the case of Revolving Credit Loans and Tranche A Term
Loans), 2.50% per annum (in the case of Tranche B Term Loans) and 3.0% per annum
(in the case of Tranche C Term Loans); provided that, except in the case of
--------
Tranche C Term Loans, if the Total Leverage Ratio as at the last day of any
fiscal quarter of the Company shall fall within any of the ranges set forth
below then, subject to the delivery to the Administrative Agent of a certificate
of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower demonstrating such fact prior to the
end of the next succeeding fiscal quarter, the "Applicable Margin" for each Loan
shall be changed to the per annum rate for the respective Class and Type of Loan
set forth below opposite such range during the period commencing on the date
that is three Business Days after the date of receipt of such certificate to but
not including the next date on which the Applicable Margin changes in accordance
with this definition:
<PAGE>
3
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Applicable Eurodollar Applicable Applicable Base Applicable Base
Margin Eurodollar Margin Rate Margin Rate Margin
Revolving Credit Tranche B Term Revolving Credit Tranche B
Leverage Ratio Loans/ Loans Loans/ Term Loans
Tranche A Term Loans Tranche A Term
Loans
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Greater than or 2.25% 2.50% 1.25% 1.50%
equal to
5.50 to 1.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Greater than or 2.00% 2.50% 1.00% 1.50%
equal to 5.00 to 1.0
and less than 5.50
to 1.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Greater than or 2.00% 2.50% 1.00% 1.50%
equal to 4.50 to 1.0
and less than 5.00
to 1.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Greater than or 1.75% 2.25% 0.75% 1.25%
equal to 4.00 to 1.0
and less than 4.50
to 1.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Greater than or 1.50% 2.25% 0.50% 1.25%
equal to 3.50 to 1.0
and less than 4.00
to 1.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than 3.50 to 1.0 1.25% 2.00% 0.25% 1.00%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
"Approved Fund" shall mean, with respect to any Lender that is a fund
-------------
that invests in commercial loans, any other fund that invests in commercial
loans and is managed or advised by the same investment advisor as such Lender or
by an Affiliate of such investment advisor.
"Bankruptcy Code" shall mean the Federal Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as
---------------
amended from time to time.
"Base Rate" shall mean, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the
---------
higher of (a) the Federal Funds Rate for such day plus 1/2 of 1% and (b) the
Prime Rate for such day. Each change in any interest rate provided for herein
based upon the Base Rate resulting from a change in the Base Rate shall take
effect at the time of such change in the Base Rate.
"Base Rate Loans" shall mean Loans that bear interest at rates based
---------------
upon the Base Rate.
"Basle Accord" shall mean the proposals for risk-based capital
------------
framework described by the Basle Committee on Banking Regulations and
Supervisory Practices in its paper entitled "International Convergence of
Capital Measurement and Capital Standards" dated July 1988, as amended, modified
and supplemented and in effect from time to time or any replacement thereof.
"Borrower" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
--------
recitals hereto.
<PAGE>
4
"Business Day" shall mean any day that is not a Saturday or Sunday or
------------
any other day (a) on which commercial banks are not authorized or required to
close in New York City and (b) if such day relates to a borrowing of, a payment
or prepayment of principal of or interest on, a Conversion of or into, or an
Interest Period for, a Eurodollar Loan or a notice by the Borrower with respect
to any such borrowing, payment, prepayment, Conversion or Interest Period, that
is also a day on which dealings in Dollar deposits are carried out in the London
interbank market.
"Capital Expenditures" shall mean, for any period, expenditures
--------------------
(including, without limitation, the aggregate amount of Capital Lease
Obligations incurred during such period) made by the Company or any of its
Consolidated Subsidiaries to acquire or construct fixed assets, plant and
equipment (including renewals, improvements and replacements, but excluding
repairs) during such period that are required to be capitalized in accordance
with GAAP.
"Capital Lease Obligations" shall mean, for any Person, all
-------------------------
obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under a lease of (or
other agreement conveying the right to use) Property to the extent such
obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease
on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and, for purposes of this
Agreement, the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount
thereof, determined in accordance with GAAP.
"Casualty Event" shall mean, with respect to any Property of any
--------------
Person, any loss of or damage to, or any condemnation or other taking of, such
Property for which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries receives insurance
proceeds, or proceeds of a condemnation award or other compensation.
"Chase" shall mean The Chase Manhattan Bank, a New York banking
-----
corporation, and its successors.
"CIGAM" shall mean CIGAM Merger Corp.
-----
"Class" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.03
-----
hereof.
"Closing Date" shall mean the date upon which the initial extension of
------------
credit hereunder was made, which occurred on May 31, 1996.
"Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from
----
time to time.
"Collateral Account" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
------------------
Section 4.01 of the Security Agreement.
"Company" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals
-------
hereto.
"Consolidated Current Assets" shall mean, as to the Company at any
---------------------------
time, the current assets (other than cash and Permitted Investments) of the
Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis in
accordance with GAAP.
"Consolidated Current Liabilities" shall mean, as to the Company at
--------------------------------
any time, the current liabilities of the Company and its Consolidated
Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, but
excluding the current portion of any long-term Indebtedness of the Company and
its Consolidated Subsidiaries (including the Revolving Credit Loans during the
twelve-month period preceding the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date),
to the extent otherwise included therein.
"Consolidated Net Income" shall mean, for any period, the net income
-----------------------
of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for such period as determined
on a consolidated basis in accordance with
<PAGE>
5
GAAP, provided that, to the extent that any dividends shall be paid, by the
--------
Borrower, directly or indirectly, to the Company pursuant to Section 9.09(b)(i)
or 9.09(c)(i) hereof for purposes set forth therein in respect of such period,
such net income shall be net of such dividends.
"Consolidated Subsidiary" shall mean, for any Person, each Subsidiary
-----------------------
of such Person (whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired) the
financial statements of which shall be (or should have been) consolidated with
the financial statements of such Person in accordance with GAAP.
"Continue", "Continuation" and "Continued" shall refer to the
-------- ------------ ---------
continuation pursuant to Section 2.09 hereof of a Eurodollar Loan from one
Interest Period to the next Interest Period.
"Continuing Directors" shall mean the directors of the Company on the
--------------------
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, and each other director, if, in each case,
such other director's nomination for election to the board of directors of the
Company is recommended by at least 66-2/3% of the then Continuing Directors or
such other director receives the affirmative vote of the H&F Affiliated Parties
in his or her election by the shareholders of the Company.
"Contractual Obligation" shall mean as to any Person, any provision of
----------------------
any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or other
undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its
Property is bound.
"Convert", "Conversion" and "Converted" shall refer to a conversion
------- ---------- ---------
pursuant to Section 2.09 hereof of one Type of Loans into another Type of Loans,
which may be accompanied by the transfer by a Lender (at its sole discretion) of
a Loan from one Applicable Lending Office to another.
"Copyright Assignment" shall mean each Conditional Assignment of and
--------------------
Security Interest in Copyrights to be executed and delivered by certain Obligors
parties thereto, substantially in the form of Exhibit B-3, as the same may be
amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
"Debt Issuance" shall mean the incurrence after the
-------------
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
of any Indebtedness, whether through the issuance of debt securities, the
borrowing of money from a bank or other financial institution, or otherwise,
provided that such term shall not include any incurrence of Indebtedness to the
- --------
Lenders under the Loan Documents or any incurrence of Indebtedness permitted
under Section 9.07 hereof.
"Default" shall mean an Event of Default or an event that with notice
-------
or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default.
"Disposition" shall mean any sale, assignment, transfer or other
-----------
disposition of any Property (whether now owned or hereafter acquired) by the
Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to any other Person other than any sale,
assignment, transfer or other disposition of any Property sold or disposed of in
the ordinary course of business and on ordinary business terms.
"Dividend Payment" shall mean dividends (in cash, Property or
----------------
obligations) on, or other payments or distributions on account of, or the
setting apart of money for a sinking or other analogous fund for, or the
purchase, redemption, retirement or other acquisition of, any shares of any
class of stock of the Company or the Borrower, as the case may be, or of any
warrants, options or other rights to acquire the same (or to make any payments
to any Person, such as "phantom stock" payments, where the amount thereof is
calculated with reference to the fair market or equity value of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries), but excluding dividends payable solely in shares of
common stock of the Company or the Borrower, as the case may be.
<PAGE>
6
"Dollars" and "$" shall mean lawful money of the United States of
------- -
America.
"Domestic Subsidiary" shall mean each Subsidiary of the Borrower which
-------------------
is organized under the laws of a State within the United States.
"EBITDA" shall mean for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such
------
period adjusted to exclude the following items (without duplication) of income
or expense to the extent that such items are included in the calculation of
Consolidated Net Income: (a) Interest Expense (net of interest income and other
similar cash payments received by the Company and its Subsidiaries from third
parties during such period in respect of investments), (b) total income tax
expense, (c) depreciation expense, (d) the expense associated with amortization
of intangible and other assets, (e) non-cash provisions for reserves for
discontinued operations, (f) any extraordinary, unusual or non-cash non-
recurring gains or losses or charges (including any restructuring charges) or
credits, (g) the excess of the expense in respect of post-retirement benefits
accrued under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106 over the cash
expense in respect of such post-retirement benefits, (h) non-cash charges
reflecting compensation expense relating to employee stock option or similar
plans and (i) $400,000 in compensation expense of the Borrower incurred in
connection with the MAGIC Transaction and paid in each of the 1998 and 1999
fiscal years, provided that, for purposes of the calculation only of the Total
--------
Leverage Ratio, EBITDA of any Person or business unit acquired by the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries during the relevant calculation period, including Larkin
and Sensors, shall be included, on a pro forma basis, in EBITDA of the Company
--- -----
as if such Person or business unit had been acquired on the first day of the
calculation period.
"Environmental Claim" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any
-------------------
written notice, claim, demand or other communication (collectively, a "claim")
-----
by any other Person alleging or asserting such Person's liability for
investigatory costs, cleanup costs, governmental response costs, damages to
natural resources or other Property, personal injuries, fines or penalties
arising out of, based on or resulting from (i) the presence, or Release into the
environment, of any Hazardous Material at any location, whether or not owned by
such Person, or (ii) circumstances forming the basis of any violation, or
alleged violation, of any Environmental Law. The term "Environmental Claim"
shall include, without limitation, any claim by any governmental authority for
enforcement, cleanup, removal, response, remedial or other actions or damages
pursuant to any applicable Environmental Law, and any claim by any third party
seeking damages, contribution, indemnification, cost recovery, compensation or
injunctive relief resulting from the presence of Hazardous Materials or arising
from alleged injury or threat of injury to health, safety or the environment.
"Environmental Laws" shall mean any and all present and future
------------------
Federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules or regulations, and any orders or
decrees, in each case as now or hereafter in effect, relating to the regulation
or protection of human health, safety or the environment or to emissions,
discharges, releases or threatened releases of pollutants, contaminants,
chemicals or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes into the indoor or outdoor
environment, including, without limitation, ambient air, soil, surface water,
ground water, wetlands, land or subsurface strata, or otherwise relating to the
manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal,
transport or handling of pollutants, contaminants, chemicals or toxic or
hazardous substances or wastes.
"Equity Issuance" shall mean (a) any issuance or sale by the Company
---------------
or any of its Subsidiaries after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date of (i)
any of its capital stock, (ii) any warrants or options exercisable in respect of
its capital stock (other than any warrants or options issued to directors,
officers or employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to any
incentive compensation plans, employment agreements and employee benefit plans
established in the ordinary course of business and any capital stock of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries issued upon the exercise
<PAGE>
7
of such warrants or options) or (iii) any other security or instrument
representing an equity interest (or the right to obtain any equity interest) in
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (b) the receipt by the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date of any
capital contribution (whether or not evidenced by any equity security issued by
the recipient of such contribution); provided that Equity Issuance shall not
--------
include (v) any issuance or sale by the Company of any of its common stock to
directors, officers or employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (w)
any such issuance or sale by any Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or any
Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the Company, (x) any capital contribution by the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company to any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the
Company, (y) any such issuance or sale by the Company to H&F Affiliated Parties
or (z) any such issuance or sale by the Company which constitutes a portion of
the Purchase Price of, or which finances, a Permitted Acquisition, provided that
--------
the capital stock of the Company issued or sold to Persons other than the H&F
Affiliated Parties for any such Permitted Acquisition, together with the capital
stock of the Company so issued or sold in previous Permitted Acquisitions in
reliance of this clause (z), shall not exceed 25% of the capital stock of the
Company (after giving effect to such issuance or sale).
"Equity Rights" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any
-------------
subscriptions, options, warrants, commitments, preemptive rights or agreements
of any kind (including, without limitation, any stockholders' or voting trust
agreements) for the issuance, sale, registration or voting of, or securities
convertible into, any additional shares of capital stock of any class, or
partnership or other ownership interests of any type in, such Person.
"ERISA" shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
-----
1974, as amended from time to time.
"ERISA Affiliate" shall mean any corporation or trade or business that
---------------
is a member of any group of organizations (i) described in Section 414(b) or (c)
of the Code of which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a member and (ii)
solely for purposes of potential liability under Section 302(c)(11) of ERISA and
Section 412(c)(11) of the Code and the lien created under Section 302(f) of
ERISA and Section 412(n) of the Code, described in Section 414(m) or (o) of the
Code of which Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a member.
"Eurodollar Base Rate" shall mean, with respect to any Eurodollar Loan
--------------------
for any Interest Period therefor, the rates per annum quoted by Chase at
approximately 11:00 a.m. London time (or as soon thereafter as practicable) on
the date two Business Days prior to the first day of such Interest Period for
the offering by Chase to leading banks in the London interbank market of Dollar
deposits having a term comparable to such Interest Period and in an amount
approximately comparable to the principal amount of the Eurodollar Loan to be
made by Chase for such Interest Period. If Chase is not participating in any
Eurodollar Loans during any Interest Period therefor, the Eurodollar Base Rate
for such Loans for such Interest Period shall be determined by reference to the
amount of such Loans that Chase would have made or had outstanding had it been
participating in such Loan during such Interest Period.
"Eurodollar Loans" shall mean Loans that bear interest at rates based
----------------
on rates referred to in the definition of "Eurodollar Base Rate" in this Section
1.01.
"Eurodollar Rate" shall mean, for any Eurodollar Loan for any Interest
---------------
Period therefor, a rate per annum (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest
1/100 of 1%) determined by the Administrative Agent to be equal to the
Eurodollar Base Rate for such Loan for such Interest Period divided by 1 minus
the Reserve Requirement (if any) for such Loan for such Interest Period.
"Event of Default" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
----------------
Section 10 hereof.
<PAGE>
8
"Excess Cash Flow" shall mean, for any fiscal year, the excess of (a)
----------------
the sum, without duplication, of (i) EBITDA for such fiscal year and (ii) cash
generated (if any) by the decrease (if any) in Working Capital of the Company
for such fiscal year, over (b) the sum, without duplication, of (i) Fixed
Charges for such fiscal year, (ii) the aggregate amount of cash used for
Permitted Acquisitions made by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries during such
fiscal year that were financed by cash other than from proceeds of Dispositions,
Loans, Equity Issuances and any capital contribution by or equity issuances to
H&F Affiliated Parties, and (iii) the aggregate amount of payments or
prepayments of the Revolving Credit Loans during such fiscal period made
pursuant to Section 2.09 hereof (to the extent such payments are accompanied by
reduction to the Revolving Credit Commitments) and (iv) the increase (if any) in
Working Capital of the Company for such fiscal year.
"Existing Credit Agreement" shall have the meaning assigned to such
-------------------------
term in the recitals hereto.
"Expocon" shall mean Expocon Management Associates, Inc.
-------
"Federal Funds Rate" shall mean, for any day, the rate per annum
------------------
(rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest 1/100 of 1%) equal to the
weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with
members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal funds brokers on such
day, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on the Business Day
next succeeding such day, provided that (a) if the day for which such rate is to
--------
be determined is not a Business Day, the Federal Funds Rate for such day shall
be such rate on such transactions on the next preceding Business Day as so
published on the next succeeding Business Day and (b) if such rate is not so
published for any Business Day, the Federal Funds Rate for such Business Day
shall be the average rate charged to Chase on such Business Day on such
transactions as determined by the Administrative Agent.
"Fixed Charges" shall mean, for any period, the sum for the Company
-------------
and its Consolidated Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis without
duplication in accordance with GAAP) of the following: (a) Capital Expenditures
made during such period (except for any such Capital Expenditures to the extent
financed with the proceeds of Indebtedness or Capital Lease Obligations incurred
as permitted by Section 9.07(d) hereof during such period) plus (b) all
----
regularly scheduled payments of principal of Indebtedness (including, without
limitation, the principal component of any payments in respect of Capital Lease
Obligations) made during such period plus (c) all Interest Expense paid for such
----
period plus (d) the aggregate amount of Federal, state and local income taxes
----
paid or payable in respect of such period.
"Fixed Charges Coverage Ratio" shall mean, as at the last day of any
----------------------------
fiscal quarter, the ratio of (a) EBITDA for the period of four consecutive
fiscal quarters of the Company ending on such date to (b) Fixed Charges for such
period.
"Foreign Subsidiary" shall mean any Subsidiary of the Borrower
------------------
organized under the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States of
America.
"GAAP" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in the
----
United States applied on a basis consistent with those that, in accordance with
the last sentence of Section 1.02(a) hereof, are to be used in making the
calculations for purposes of determining compliance with this Agreement.
"Governmental or Regulatory Authority" shall mean any court, tribunal,
------------------------------------
arbitrator, authority, agency, commission, official or other instrumentality of
the United States, any foreign country or any subdivision.
<PAGE>
9
"Guarantee" shall mean a guarantee, an endorsement, a contingent
---------
agreement to purchase or to furnish funds for the payment or maintenance of, or
otherwise to be or become contingently liable under or with respect to, the
Indebtedness, other obligations, net worth, working capital or earnings of any
Person, or a guarantee of the payment of dividends or other distributions upon
the stock or equity interests of any Person, or an agreement to purchase, sell
or lease (as lessee or lessor) Property, products, materials, supplies or
services primarily for the purpose of enabling a debtor to make payment of such
debtor's obligations or an agreement to assure a creditor against loss, and
including, without limitation, causing a bank or other financial institution to
issue a letter of credit or other similar instrument for the benefit of another
Person, but excluding endorsements for collection or deposit and indemnities
given by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with exhibitions,
in each case, in the ordinary course of business. The terms "Guarantee" and
---------
"Guaranteed" used as a verb shall have a correlative meaning.
- -----------
"Guarantors" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
----------
recitals hereto.
"H&F Affiliated Parties" shall mean (a) AHI Advanstar, L.L.C., a
----------------------
Delaware limited liability company, and partnerships in which the ultimate
managing general partner is controlled by, or (b) other entities controlled by,
members of Hellman & Friedman LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or any
successor entity, and shall in any event include Hellman and Friedman Capital
Partners III, L.P., H&F International Partners III, L.P., and H&F Orchard
Partners III, L.P.
"Hazardous Material" shall mean, collectively, (a) any petroleum or
------------------
petroleum products, flammable materials, explosives, radioactive materials,
asbestos, urea formaldehyde foam insulation, and transformers or other equipment
that contain polychlorinated biphenyls ("PCB's"), (b) any chemicals or other
-----
materials or substances that are now or hereafter become defined as or included
in the definition of "hazardous substances", "hazardous wastes", "hazardous
materials", "extremely hazardous wastes", "restricted hazardous wastes", "toxic
substances", "toxic pollutants", "contaminants", "pollutants" or words of
similar import under any Environmental Law and (c) any other chemical or other
material or substance, exposure to which is now or hereafter prohibited, limited
or regulated under any Environmental Law.
"Indebtedness" shall mean, for any Person: (a) obligations created,
------------
issued or incurred by such Person for borrowed money (whether by loan, the
issuance and sale of debt securities or the sale of Property to another Person
subject to an understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to repurchase
such Property from such Person); (b) obligations of such Person to pay the
deferred purchase or acquisition price of Property or services, other than trade
accounts payable (other than for borrowed money) arising, and accrued expenses
incurred, in the ordinary course of business so long as such trade accounts
payable are payable within 120 days of the date the respective goods are
delivered or the respective services are rendered; (c) Indebtedness of others
secured by a Lien on the Property of such Person, whether or not the respective
indebtedness so secured has been assumed by such Person; (d) obligations of such
Person in respect of letters of credit or similar instruments issued or accepted
by banks and other financial institutions for the account of such Person, other
than (except for purposes of Section 10(b) hereof) obligations in respect of the
undrawn face amount of letters of credit that are the functional equivalents of
surety or performance bonds or that support self-insurance programs to the
extent that the aggregate amount of all such obligations does not exceed
$3,000,000; (e) Capital Lease Obligations of such Person; and (f) Indebtedness
of others Guaranteed by such Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
Indebtedness shall exclude (i) obligations created, issued or incurred by any
Person with respect to customer subscription payments or customer deposits for
trade shows and exhibitions, (ii) indemnities in respect of obligations not
otherwise constituting Indebtedness and (iii) obligations to pay purchase price
adjustments based on financial performance of an acquired entity.
"Interest Expense" shall mean, for any period, for the Company and its
----------------
Consolidated Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis without
duplication in accordance with GAAP), all
<PAGE>
10
interest in respect of Indebtedness (including, without limitation, the interest
component of any payments in respect of Capital Lease Obligations) accrued or
capitalized during such period (whether or not actually paid during such
period).
"Interest Period" shall mean, with respect to any Eurodollar Loan,
---------------
each period commencing on the date such Eurodollar Loan is made or Converted
from a Base Rate Loan or (in the event of a Continuation) the last day of the
next preceding Interest Period for such Loan and ending on the numerically
corresponding day in the first, second, third or sixth calendar month
thereafter, as the Borrower may select as provided in Section 4.05 hereof,
except that each Interest Period that commences on the last Business Day of a
calendar month (or on any day for which there is no numerically corresponding
day in the appropriate subsequent calendar month) shall end on the last Business
Day of the appropriate subsequent calendar month.
Notwithstanding the foregoing: (i) no Interest Period for any Tranche
A Term Loan may commence before and end after any Tranche A Principal Payment
Date unless, after giving effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of the
Tranche A Term Loans having Interest Periods that end after such Tranche A
Principal Payment Date shall be equal to or less than the aggregate principal
amount of the Tranche A Term Loans scheduled to be outstanding after giving
effect to the payments of principal required to be made on such Tranche A
Principal Payment Date; (ii) no Interest Period for any Tranche B Term Loan may
commence before and end after any Tranche B Principal Payment Date unless, after
giving effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of the Tranche B Term
Loans having Interest Periods that end after such Tranche B Principal Payment
Date shall be equal to or less than the aggregate principal amount of the
Tranche B Term Loans scheduled to be outstanding after giving effect to the
payments of principal required to be made on such Tranche B Principal Payment
Date; (iii) no Interest Period for any Tranche C Term Loan may commence before
and end after any Tranche C Principal Payment Date unless, after giving effect
thereto, the aggregate principal amount of the Tranche C Term Loans having
Interest Periods that end after such Tranche C Principal Payment Date shall be
equal to or less than the aggregate principal amount of the Tranche C Term Loans
scheduled to be outstanding after giving effect to the payments of principal
required to be made on such Tranche C Principal Payment Date; (iv) each Interest
Period that would otherwise end on a day that is not a Business Day shall end on
the next succeeding Business Day (or, if such next succeeding Business Day falls
in the next succeeding calendar month, on the next preceding Business Day); and
(v) notwithstanding clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) above, no Interest Period shall
have a duration of less than one month and, if the Interest Period for any
Eurodollar Loan would otherwise be a shorter period, such Loan shall not be
available hereunder for such period.
"Interest Rate Protection Agreement" shall mean, for any Person, an
----------------------------------
interest rate swap, cap or collar agreement or similar arrangement between such
Person and one or more financial institutions providing for the transfer or
mitigation of interest risks either generally or under specific contingencies.
"Investment" shall mean, for any Person: (a) the acquisition (whether
----------
for cash, Property, services or securities or otherwise) of capital stock,
bonds, notes, debentures, partnership or other ownership interests or other
securities of any other Person or any agreement to make any such acquisition
(including, without limitation, any "short sale" or any sale of any securities
at a time when such securities are not owned by the Person entering into such
sale); (b) the making of any deposit with, or advance, loan or other extension
of credit to, any other Person (including the purchase of Property from another
Person subject to an understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to
resell such Property to such Person), but excluding (i) any such advance, loan
or extension of credit having a term not exceeding 90 days arising in connection
with the sale of inventory, supplies or services by such Person in the ordinary
course of business and (ii) any such deposits that are customary and necessary
in the ordinary course of business; (c) the entering into of any Guarantee of,
or other contingent obligation with respect to, Indebtedness or other liability
of any other Person and (without duplication) any amount committed to be
advanced, lent or extended to such Person (other than indemnities given by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries in
<PAGE>
11
connection with exhibitions in the ordinary course of business); or (d) the
entering into of any Interest Rate Protection Agreement.
"Issuing Lender" shall mean Chase (or its designated Affiliates), as
--------------
the issuer of Letters of Credit under Section 2.03 hereof, together with its
successors and assigns in such capacity.
"Larkin" shall mean the "Assets" and the "Business" referred to in the
------
Larkin Asset Purchase Agreement.
"Larkin Asset Purchase Agreement" shall mean the Asset Purchase
-------------------------------
Agreement dated as of July 1, 1999 among the Borrower, Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin,
LLC, LPL/Style Group, LLC, Larkin-Pluznick-Larkin Company and certain other
Persons.
"Larkin Transaction" shall mean the acquisition of Larkin pursuant to
------------------
the Larkin Transaction Documents.
"Larkin Transaction Documents" shall mean collectively, the Larkin
----------------------------
Asset Purchase Agreement and all other agreements, legal opinions and
instruments (together with any and all exhibits, annexes and schedules thereto)
executed and delivered in connection with the Larkin Transaction.
"Lenders" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals
-------
hereto.
"Letter of Credit" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
----------------
Section 2.03 hereof.
"Letter of Credit Documents" shall mean, with respect to any Letter of
--------------------------
Credit, collectively, any application therefor and any other agreements,
instruments, guarantees or other documents (whether general in application or
applicable only to such Letter of Credit) governing or providing for (a) the
rights and obligations of the parties concerned or at risk with respect to such
Letter of Credit or (b) any collateral security for any of such obligations,
each as the same may be modified and supplemented and in effect from time to
time.
"Letter of Credit Interest" shall mean, for each Revolving Credit
-------------------------
Lender, such Lender's participation interest (or, in the case of the Issuing
Lender, the Issuing Lender's retained interest) in the Issuing Lender's
liability under Letters of Credit and such Lender's rights and interests in
Reimbursement Obligations and fees, interest and other amounts payable in
connection with Letters of Credit and Reimbursement Obligations.
"Letter of Credit Liability" shall mean, without duplication, at any
--------------------------
time and in respect of any Letter of Credit, the sum of (a) the undrawn face
amount of such Letter of Credit plus (b) the aggregate unpaid principal amount
of all Reimbursement Obligations of the Borrower at such time due and payable in
respect of all drawings made under such Letter of Credit. For purposes of this
Agreement, a Revolving Credit Lender (other than the Issuing Lender) shall be
deemed to hold a Letter of Credit Liability in an amount equal to its
participation interest in the related Letter of Credit under Section 2.03
hereof, and the Issuing Lender shall be deemed to hold a Letter of Credit
Liability in an amount equal to its retained interest in the related Letter of
Credit after giving effect to the acquisition by the Revolving Credit Lenders
other than the Issuing Lender of their participation interests under said
Section 2.03.
"Lien" shall mean, with respect to any Property, any mortgage, lien,
----
pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such
Property. For purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, a Person
shall be deemed to own subject to a Lien any Property that it has
<PAGE>
12
acquired or holds subject to the interest of a vendor or lessor under any
conditional sale agreement, capital lease or other title retention agreement
(other than an operating lease) relating to such Property.
"Loan Documents" shall mean, collectively, this Agreement, any Notes,
--------------
the Letters of Credit, the Security Documents and the Acknowledgment and
Confirmation of Security Agreement.
"Loans" shall mean the Revolving Credit Loans and the Term Loans.
-----
"MAGIC" shall mean Men's Apparel Guild in California, Inc.
-----
"MAGIC Merger Agreement" shall mean the agreement and plan of merger,
----------------------
dated as of March 6, 1998, as amended as of March 23, 1998, by and among the
Borrower, CIGAM and MAGIC.
"MAGIC Transaction" shall mean the transactions consummated pursuant
-----------------
to the MAGIC Transaction Documents.
"MAGIC Transaction Documents" shall mean, collectively, the MAGIC
---------------------------
Merger Agreement and all other agreements, legal opinions and instruments
(together with any and all exhibits, annexes and schedules thereto) executed and
delivered in connection therewith.
"Majority Lenders" shall mean, subject to the last paragraph of
----------------
Section 12.04 hereof, Lenders having at least 51% of the sum of (a) the
aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Term Loans plus (b) the sum of (i)
----
the aggregate unused amount, if any, of the Revolving Credit Commitments at such
time plus (ii) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Revolving
----
Credit Loans at such time plus (c) the aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit
Liabilities.
"Majority Revolving Credit Lenders" shall mean Revolving Credit
---------------------------------
Lenders having at least 51% of the aggregate amount of the Revolving Credit
Commitments or, if the Revolving Credit Commitments shall have terminated,
Lenders holding at least 51% of the sum of (a) the aggregate unpaid principal
amount of the Revolving Credit Loans plus (b) the aggregate amount of all Letter
of Credit Liabilities.
"Majority Tranche A Lenders" shall mean Tranche A Lenders holding at
--------------------------
least 51% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Tranche A Term
Loans.
"Majority Tranche B Lenders" shall mean Tranche B Lenders holding at
--------------------------
least 51% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Tranche B Term
Loans.
"Majority Tranche C Lenders" shall mean Tranche C Lenders holding at
--------------------------
least 51% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Tranche C Term
Loans.
"Material Adverse Effect" shall mean a material adverse effect on (a)
-----------------------
the Property, business, operations, financial condition, prospects, liabilities
or capitalization of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (b) the
ability of any Obligor to perform its obligations under any of the Loan
Documents or the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, (c) the validity
or enforceability of any of the Loan Documents or the Transaction Documents, (d)
the rights and remedies of the Lenders and the Administrative Agent under any of
the Loan Documents or (e) the timely payment of the principal of or interest on
the Loans or the Reimbursement Obligations or other amounts payable in
connection therewith.
"Mortgage" shall mean each Mortgage executed and delivered, or to be
--------
executed and delivered, by the Borrower or any other Obligor, substantially in
the form of Exhibit G or in such other
<PAGE>
13
form as shall be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, as the same
may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
"Mortgaged Property" shall mean the real properties acquired or owned
------------------
by the Obligors as specified on Schedule III hereto.
"Multiemployer Plan" shall mean a multiemployer plan defined as such
------------------
in Section 3(37) of ERISA to which contributions have been made by the Company
or any ERISA Affiliate and that is covered by Title IV of ERISA.
"Net Available Proceeds" shall mean:
----------------------
(a) in the case of any Disposition, the amount of Net Cash
Payments received in connection with such Disposition;
(b) in the case of any Casualty Event, the aggregate amount of
proceeds of insurance, condemnation awards and other compensation received
by the Company and its Subsidiaries in respect of such Casualty Event net
of (A) reasonable expenses incurred by the Company and its Subsidiaries in
connection therewith and (B) contractually required repayments of
Indebtedness to the extent secured by a Lien on such Property and any
income and transfer taxes payable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
in respect of such Casualty Event; and
(c) in the case of any Debt Issuance or Equity Issuance, the
aggregate amount of all cash received by the Company and its Subsidiaries
in respect of such Debt Issuance or Equity Issuance, as the case may be,
net of reasonable expenses incurred by the Company and its Subsidiaries in
connection therewith.
"Net Cash Payments" shall mean, with respect to any Disposition, the
-----------------
aggregate amount of all cash payments received by the Company and its
Subsidiaries directly or indirectly in connection with such Disposition
(including any cash payments on Investments arising out of such Disposition,
which Investments are permitted by Section 9.08(j)); provided that (a) Net Cash
--------
Payments shall be net of (i) the amount of any legal, title and recording tax
expenses, commissions and other fees and expenses paid by the Company and its
Subsidiaries in connection with such Disposition and (ii) any Federal, state and
local income or other taxes estimated to be payable by the Company and its
Subsidiaries within two years as a result of such Disposition (but only to the
extent that such estimated taxes are in fact paid to the relevant Federal, state
or local governmental authority when due) and (b) Net Cash Payments shall be net
of any repayments by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness to
the extent that (i) such Indebtedness is secured by a Lien on the Property that
is the subject of such Disposition and (ii) the transferee of (or holder of a
Lien on) such Property requires that such Indebtedness be repaid as a condition
to the purchase of such Property.
"Notes" shall mean the Revolving Credit Notes, the Tranche A Term Loan
-----
Notes, the Tranche B Term Loan Notes and the Tranche C Term Loan Notes.
"Obligors" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
--------
recitals hereto.
"Participant" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section
-----------
12.06(c) hereof.
"PBGC" shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or any
----
entity succeeding to any or all of its functions under ERISA.
<PAGE>
14
"Permitted Acquisition" shall mean any acquisition of (i) all or
---------------------
substantially all of the assets of, or (ii) capital stock or other equity
interests (collectively, "Equity Interests") in, a Person or division or line of
----------------
business of a Person; provided that (a) after giving effect to such acquisition,
--------
the aggregate Purchase Price of all such acquisitions since the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date attributable to acquisitions of foreign
Persons or of assets that are principally located outside of the United States
shall not exceed $40,000,000; (b) all transactions related thereto shall be
consummated in all material respects in accordance with applicable laws; (c)
such acquisition shall be effected in such manner so that the acquired assets or
Equity Interests are owned either by the Company or a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of
the Company and, if effected by merger or consolidation involving the Company or
the Borrower, the Company or the Borrower, as the case may be, shall be the
continuing or surviving entity; (d) such acquisition (if by purchase of Equity
Interests) shall be effected in such manner so that, after giving effect
thereto, the Company directly or indirectly owns at least 85% of each class of
Equity Interests of the acquired entity; and (e) the conditions set forth in
Section 7.03 shall have been satisfied.
"Permitted Investments" shall mean: (a) direct obligations of the
---------------------
United States of America, or of any agency thereof, or obligations guaranteed as
to principal and interest by the United States of America, or of any agency
thereof, in either case maturing not more than one year from the date of
acquisition thereof; (b) certificates of deposit issued by any bank or trust
company organized under the laws of the United States of America or any state
thereof and having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least
$500,000,000, maturing not more than one year from the date of acquisition
thereof; (c) commercial paper rated A-1 or better or P-1 by Standard & Poor's
Ratings Services or Moody's Investors Services, Inc., respectively, maturing not
more than 270 days from the date of acquisition thereof; and (d) interests in
any money market mutual fund registered under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended, the portfolio of which is limited to obligations described in
the foregoing clauses (a), (b) and (c) that satisfy the proviso set forth below,
and so long as such fund has total assets of at least $1,000,000,000 and is
rated at least Am or A by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services or Moody's
Investors Services, Inc., respectively; provided that in each case referred to
in the preceding clauses (a), (b) and (c), the respective investments (x)
provide for the payment of principal and interest (and not principal alone or
interest alone) and (y) are not subject to any contingency regarding the payment
of principal or interest.
"Person" shall mean any individual, corporation, company, voluntary
------
association, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust,
unincorporated organization or government (or any agency, instrumentality or
political subdivision thereof).
"Plan" shall mean an employee benefit or other plan established or
----
maintained by the Company or any ERISA Affiliate and that is covered by Title IV
of ERISA, other than a Multiemployer Plan.
"Post-Default Rate" shall mean: (a) in respect of any principal of
-----------------
any Loan that is not paid when due (whether at stated maturity, by acceleration,
by optional or mandatory prepayment or otherwise), a rate per annum during the
period from and including the due date to but excluding the date on which such
amount is paid in full equal to 2% plus the interest rate for such Loan as
----
provided in Section 3.02(a) or 3.02(b) hereof (as the case may be) and (b) in
respect of any other amount under this Agreement, any Note or any other Loan
Document that is not paid when due (whether at stated maturity, by acceleration,
by optional or mandatory prepayment or otherwise), a rate per annum during the
period from and including the due date to but excluding the date on which such
amount is paid in full equal to 2% plus the Base Rate as in effect from time to
----
time plus the Applicable Margin for Base Rate Loans which are Revolving Credit
----
Loans.
"Prime Rate" shall mean the rate of interest from time to time
----------
announced by Chase at the Principal Office as its prime commercial lending rate.
<PAGE>
15
"Principal Office" shall mean the principal office of Chase, located
----------------
on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date at 270 Park Avenue, New York, New
York 10017.
"Property" shall mean any right or interest in or to property of any
--------
kind whatsoever, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or
intangible.
"Purchase Price" shall mean with respect to any Permitted Acquisition,
--------------
an amount equal to the sum of (a) the aggregate consideration, whether cash,
Property or securities, paid or delivered by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries
in connection with such Permitted Acquisition plus (b) the aggregate amount of
liabilities of the acquired business (net of current assets of the acquired
business) that would be reflected on a balance sheet (if such were to be
prepared) of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries after giving effect to such
Permitted Acquisition.
"Qualified Foreign Lender" shall have the meaning assigned to such
------------------------
term in Section 2.08(g) hereof.
"Quarterly Dates" shall mean the last Business Day of March, June,
---------------
September and December in each year, the first of which shall be the first such
day after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date.
"Register" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section
--------
12.06(g) hereof.
"Registered Note" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
---------------
Section 2.08(g) hereof.
"Regulatory Change" shall mean, with respect to any Lender, any change
-----------------
after the date hereof in Federal, state or foreign law or regulations
(including, without limitation, Regulation D) or the adoption or making after
such date of any interpretation, directive or request applying to a class of
banks including such Lender of or under any Federal, state or foreign law or
regulations (whether or not having the force of law and whether or not failure
to comply therewith would be unlawful) by any court or governmental or monetary
authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof.
"Reimbursement Obligations" shall mean, at any time, the obligations
-------------------------
of the Borrower then outstanding, or that may thereafter arise in respect of all
Letters of Credit then outstanding, to reimburse amounts paid by the Issuing
Lender in respect of any drawings under a Letter of Credit.
"Release" shall mean any release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping,
-------
injection, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration into
the indoor or outdoor environment, including, without limitation, the movement
of Hazardous Materials through ambient air, soil, surface water, ground water,
wetlands, land or subsurface strata.
"Relevant Parties" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
----------------
Section 10(b) hereof.
"Relevant Permitted Acquisition" shall have the meaning assigned to
------------------------------
such term in Section 7.03(a) hereof.
"Reserve Requirement" shall mean, for any Interest Period for any
-------------------
Eurodollar Loan, the average maximum rate at which reserves (including, without
limitation, any marginal, supplemental or emergency reserves) are required to be
maintained during such Interest Period under Regulation D by member banks of the
Federal Reserve System in New York City with deposits exceeding one billion
Dollars against "Eurocurrency liabilities" (as such term is used in Regulation
D). Without limiting the
<PAGE>
16
effect of the foregoing, the Reserve Requirement shall include any other
reserves required to be maintained by such member banks by reason of any
Regulatory Change with respect to (i) any category of liabilities that includes
deposits by reference to which the Eurodollar Base Rate is to be determined as
provided in the definition of "Eurodollar Base Rate" in this Section 1.01 or
(ii) any category of extensions of credit or other assets that includes
Eurodollar Loans.
"Responsible Officer" shall mean, as to any Person, any of the
-------------------
following officers of such Person: (a) for all purposes hereunder, the chief
executive officer, the president or the chief financial officer of such Person
and, with respect to financial matters, the treasurer or the controller of such
Person and (b) any vice president of such Person or, with respect to financial
matters, any assistant treasurer or assistant controller of such Person, who has
been designated in writing to the Administrative Agent as a Responsible Officer
by such chief executive officer, president or chief financial officer of such
Person.
"Revolving Credit Commitment" shall mean, as to each Revolving Credit
---------------------------
Lender, the obligation of such Lender to make Revolving Credit Loans, and to
issue or participate in Letters of Credit pursuant to Section 2.03 hereof, in an
aggregate principal or face amount at any one time outstanding up to but not
exceeding the amount set opposite the name of such Lender on Annex A under the
caption "Revolving Credit Commitment" or, in the case of a Person that becomes a
Revolving Credit Lender pursuant to an assignment permitted under Section
12.06(b) hereof, as specified in the respective instrument of assignment
pursuant to which such assignment is effected (as the same may be reduced from
time to time pursuant to Section 2.04 or 2.10 hereof). The aggregate principal
amount of the Revolving Credit Commitments on the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date is $60,000,000.
"Revolving Credit Commitment Percentage" shall mean, with respect to
--------------------------------------
any Revolving Credit Lender, the ratio of (a) the amount of the Revolving Credit
Commitment of such Lender to (b) the aggregate amount of the Revolving Credit
Commitments of all of the Lenders.
"Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date" shall mean October 31,
--------------------------------------------
2003.
"Revolving Credit Lenders" shall mean (a) on the Amendment/Restatement
------------------------
Effective Date, the Lenders having Revolving Credit Commitments hereunder and
(b) thereafter, the Lenders from time to time holding Revolving Credit Loans and
Revolving Credit Commitments after giving effect to any assignments thereof
permitted by Section 12.06(b) hereof.
"Revolving Credit Loans" shall have the meaning assigned to such term
----------------------
in Section 2.01(a) hereof.
"Revolving Credit Notes" shall mean the promissory notes provided for
----------------------
by Section 2.08(a) hereof and all promissory notes delivered in substitution or
exchange therefor, in each case as the same shall be modified and supplemented
and in effect from time to time. The term "Revolving Credit Notes" shall
include any Registered Notes evidencing Revolving Credit Loans executed and
delivered pursuant to Section 2.08(g) hereof.
"Security Agreement" shall mean a Security Agreement substantially in
------------------
the form of Exhibit B-1 hereto between the Borrower, the Guarantors and the
Administrative Agent, as the same shall be modified and supplemented and in
effect from time to time.
"Security Documents" shall mean, collectively, the Security Agreement,
------------------
the Mortgages, the Copyright Assignments, the Trademark Assignments and all
Uniform Commercial Code financing statements required by the Security Agreement
to be filed with respect to the security interests in personal Property created
pursuant to the Security Agreement.
<PAGE>
17
"Senior Subordinated Note Indenture" shall mean the Indenture entered
----------------------------------
into by the Borrower and certain Guarantors in connection with the issuance of
the Senior Subordinated Notes, together with all instruments and other
agreements entered into by the Borrower or such Guarantors in connection
therewith, as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from
time to time in accordance with Section 9.18 hereof.
"Senior Subordinated Notes" shall mean (a) up to $150,000,000 of
-------------------------
senior subordinated notes issued by the Borrower prior to the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date in a public offering or Rule 144A private
placement and (b) subject to compliance with Section 9.07(g), up to an
additional $100,000,000 of additional senior subordinated notes issued by the
Borrower on substantially identical terms under the Senior Subordinated Note
Indenture (in each case including any senior subordinated notes of the Borrower
issued in exchange therefor pursuant to the exchange offer procedure described
in the Senior Subordinated Note Indenture).
"Sensors" shall mean the "Assets" and the "Business" referred to in
-------
the Sensors Asset Purchase Agreement.
"Sensors Asset Purchase Agreement" shall mean the Asset Purchase dated
--------------------------------
as of July 15, 1999 among the Borrower, Helmers Publishing, Inc. and Carl T.
Helmers, Jr.
"Sensors Transaction" shall mean the acquisition of Sensors pursuant
-------------------
to the Sensors Transaction Documents.
"Sensors Transaction Documents" shall mean, collectively, the Sensors
-----------------------------
Asset Purchase Agreement and all other agreements, legal opinions and
instruments (together with any and all exhibits, annexes and schedules thereto)
executed and delivered in connection with Sensors Transaction.
"Solvent" and "Solvency" shall mean, with respect to any Person on a
------- --------
particular date, the condition that, on such date, (a) the fair value of the
property of such Person is greater than the total amount of liabilities,
including, without limitation, contingent liabilities, of such Person, (b) the
present fair salable value of the assets of such Person is not less than the
amount that will be required to pay the probable liability of such Person on its
debts as they become absolute and matured, (c) such Person does not intend to,
and does not believe that it will, incur debts or liabilities beyond such
Person's ability to pay as such debts and liabilities mature, and (d) such
Person is not engaged in business or a transaction, and is not about to engage
in business or a transaction, for which such Person's property would constitute
an unreasonably small amount of capital.
"Specified Change of Control" shall mean a "Change of Control" as
---------------------------
defined in the Senior Subordinated Note Indenture.
"Subsidiary" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any corporation,
----------
partnership or other entity of which at least a majority of the securities or
other ownership interests having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to
elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar
functions of such corporation, partnership or other entity (irrespective of
whether or not at the time securities or other ownership interests of any other
class or classes of such corporation, partnership or other entity shall have or
might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the
time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person or one or more
Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of
such Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the ventures set forth in Section
9.16(d) shall not be deemed to be Subsidiaries of the Borrower for purposes of
this Agreement.
<PAGE>
18
"Subsidiary Guarantors" shall have the meaning assigned to such term
---------------------
in the recitals hereto.
"Term Loans" shall mean, collectively, the Tranche A Term Loans, the
----------
Tranche B Term Loans and the Tranche C Term Loans.
"Total Debt" shall mean, as at any date, all Indebtedness (other than
----------
clauses (c) and (d) of the definition thereof) of the Company and its
Consolidated Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis without
duplication in accordance with GAAP) on such date.
"Total Leverage Ratio" shall mean, as at any date, the ratio of (a)
--------------------
Total Debt on such date to (b) EBITDA for the most recently ended period of four
consecutive fiscal quarters of the Company on or prior to such date.
"Trademark Assignment" shall mean each Conditional Assignment of and
--------------------
Security Interest in Trademarks to be executed and delivered by certain Obligors
parties thereto, substantially in the form of Exhibit B-2, as the same may be
amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
"Tranche A Lenders" shall mean the Lenders from time to time holding
-----------------
Tranche A Term Loans after giving effect to any assignments thereof permitted by
Section 12.06(b) hereof.
"Tranche A Principal Payment Dates" shall mean the Quarterly Dates
---------------------------------
falling on or nearest to the dates specified in the table set forth in Section
3.01(b) hereof.
"Tranche A Term Loan Notes" shall mean the promissory notes provided
-------------------------
for by Section 2.08(b) hereof and all promissory notes delivered in substitution
or exchange therefor, in each case as the same shall be modified and
supplemented and in effect from time to time. The term "Tranche A Term Loan
Notes" shall include any Registered Notes evidencing Tranche A Term Loans
executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.08(g) hereof.
"Tranche A Term Loans" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
--------------------
Section 2.01(b) hereof. The aggregate principal amount of the Tranche A Term
Loans as of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date is $97,100,000.
"Tranche B Lenders" shall mean the Lenders from time to time holding
-----------------
Tranche B Term Loans after giving effect to any assignments thereof permitted by
Section 12.06(b) hereof.
"Tranche B Principal Payment Dates" shall mean the Quarterly Dates
---------------------------------
falling on or nearest to the dates specified in the table set forth in Section
3.01(c) hereof.
"Tranche B Term Loan Notes" shall mean the promissory notes provided
-------------------------
for by Section 2.08(c) hereof and all promissory notes delivered in substitution
or exchange therefor, in each case as the same shall be modified and
supplemented and in effect from time to time. The term "Tranche B Term Loan
Notes" shall include any Registered Notes evidencing Tranche B Term Loans
executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.08(g) hereof.
"Tranche B Term Loans" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
--------------------
Section 2.01(c) hereof. The aggregate principal amount of the Tranche B Term
Loans as of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date is $149,400,000.
<PAGE>
19
"Tranche C Lenders" shall mean (a) on the Amendment/Restatement
-----------------
Effective Date, the Lenders having Tranche C Term Loan Commitments hereunder and
(b) thereafter, the Lenders from time to time holding Tranche C Term Loans and
Tranche C Term Loan Commitments after giving effect to any assignments thereof
permitted by Section 12.06(b) hereof.
"Tranche C Principal Payment Dates" shall mean the Quarterly Dates
---------------------------------
falling on or nearest to the dates specified in the table set forth in Section
3.01(d) hereof.
"Tranche C Term Loan Commitment" shall mean, as to each Tranche C
------------------------------
Lender, the obligation of such Tranche C Lender to make a Tranche C Term Loan in
a principal amount up to but not exceeding the amount set opposite the name of
such Lender in Annex A under the caption "Tranche C Term Loan Commitment". The
aggregate principal amount of the Tranche C Term Loan Commitments as of the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date is $138,000,000.
"Tranche C Term Loan Notes" shall mean the promissory notes provided
-------------------------
for by Section 2.08(d) hereof and all promissory notes delivered in substitution
or exchange therefor, in each case as the same shall be modified and
supplemented and in effect from time to time. The term "Tranche C Term Loan
Notes" shall include any Registered Notes evidencing Tranche C Term Loans
executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.08(g) hereof.
"Tranche C Term Loans" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
--------------------
Section 2.01(d) hereof.
"Transaction Documents" shall mean the collective reference to the
---------------------
Larkin Transaction Documents and the Sensors Transaction Documents.
"Transactions" shall mean the collective reference to the Larkin
------------
Transaction and the Sensors Transaction.
"Type" shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.03
----
hereof.
"U.S. Person" shall mean a citizen or resident of the United States of
-----------
America, a corporation, partnership or other entity created or organized in or
under any laws of the United States of America or any State thereof, or any
estate or trust that is subject to Federal income taxation regardless of the
source of its income.
"U.S. Taxes" shall mean any present or future tax, assessment or other
----------
charge or levy imposed by or on behalf of the United States of America or any
taxing authority thereof.
"Wholly Owned Subsidiary" shall mean, with respect to any Person, any
-----------------------
corporation, partnership or other entity of which all of the equity securities
or other ownership interests (other than, in the case of a corporation,
directors' qualifying shares) are directly or indirectly owned or controlled by
such Person or one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person or by such
Person and one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person.
"Working Capital" shall mean the excess of Consolidated Current Assets
---------------
over Consolidated Current Liabilities.
1.2 Accounting Terms and Determinations.
-----------------------------------
<PAGE>
20
(a Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all accounting
terms used herein shall be interpreted, and all financial statements and
certificates and reports as to financial matters required to be delivered to the
Lenders hereunder shall (unless otherwise disclosed to the Lenders in writing at
the time of delivery thereof in the manner described in subsection (b) below) be
prepared, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on
a basis consistent with those used in the preparation of the latest financial
statements furnished to the Lenders hereunder (or, if no such financial
statements have yet been delivered under Section 9.01 hereof, with those used in
the preparation of the relevant financial statements referred to in Section 8.02
hereof). All calculations made for the purposes of determining compliance with
this Agreement shall (except as otherwise expressly provided herein) be made by
application of generally accepted accounting principles applied on a basis
consistent with those used in the preparation of the latest annual or quarterly
financial statements furnished to the Lenders pursuant to Section 9.01 hereof
(or, if no such financial statements have yet been delivered under Section 9.01
hereof, with those used in the preparation of the relevant financial statements
referred to in Section 8.02 hereof) unless (i) the Borrower shall have objected
to determining such compliance on such basis at the time of delivery of such
financial statements or (ii) the Majority Lenders shall so object in writing
within 30 days after delivery of such financial statements, in either of which
events such calculations shall be made on a basis consistent with those used in
the preparation of the latest financial statements as to which such objection
shall not have been made (which, if objection is made in respect of the first
financial statements delivered under Section 9.01 hereof, shall mean the
relevant financial statements referred to in Section 8.02 hereof).
(b The Borrower shall deliver to the Lenders at the same time as the
delivery of any annual or quarterly financial statement under Section 9.01
hereof (i) a description in reasonable detail of any material variation between
the application of accounting principles employed in the preparation of such
statement and the application of accounting principles employed in the
preparation of the next preceding annual or quarterly financial statements as to
which no objection has been made in accordance with the last sentence of
subsection (a) above and (ii) reasonable estimates of the difference between
such statements arising as a consequence thereof.
(c To enable the ready and consistent determination of compliance
with the covenants set forth in Section 9 hereof, the Borrower will not change
the last day of its fiscal year from December 31, or the last days of the first
three fiscal quarters in each of its fiscal years from March 31, June 30 and
September 30 of each year, respectively.
1.3 Classes and Types of Loans. Loans hereunder are distinguished by
--------------------------
"Class" and by "Type". The "Class" of a Loan (or of a Commitment to make a
Loan) refers to whether such Loan is a Revolving Credit Loan, a Tranche A Term
Loan, a Tranche B Term Loan or a Tranche C Term Loan, each of which constitutes
a Class. The "Type" of a Loan refers to whether such Loan is a Base Rate Loan
or a Eurodollar Loan, each of which constitutes a Type. Loans may be identified
by both Class and Type.
<PAGE>
21
Section 2. Commitments, Loans, Notes and Prepayments .
-----------------------------------------
2.1 Loans.
-----
(a Revolving Credit Loans. Each Revolving Credit Lender severally
----------------------
agrees, on the terms and conditions of this Agreement, to make and/or maintain
loans to the Borrower in Dollars during the period from and including the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date to but not including the Revolving Credit
Commitment Termination Date in an aggregate principal amount at any one time
outstanding up to but not exceeding the amount of the Revolving Credit
Commitment of such Lender as in effect from time to time (such Loans being
herein called "Revolving Credit Loans"), provided that in no event shall the
---------------------- --------
aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Credit Loans, together with the
aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Liabilities, exceed the aggregate
amount of the Revolving Credit Commitments as in effect from time to time.
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, during such period the
Borrower may borrow, repay and reborrow the amount of the Revolving Credit
Commitments by means of Base Rate Loans and Eurodollar Loans and may Convert
Revolving Credit Loans of one Type into Revolving Credit Loans of another Type
(as provided in Section 2.09 hereof) or Continue Revolving Credit Loans of one
Type as Revolving Credit Loans of the same Type (as provided in Section 2.09
hereof).
(b Tranche A Term Loans. Each Tranche A Lender severally agrees, on
--------------------
the terms and conditions of this Agreement, to maintain a term loan ("Tranche A
---------
Term Loans") to the Borrower in Dollars on the Amendment/Restatement Effective
- ----------
Date in the principal amount of the Tranche A Term Loan held by such Lender on
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date. The Borrower may Convert Tranche A
Term Loans of one Type into Tranche A Term Loans of another Type (as provided in
Section 2.09 hereof) or Continue Tranche A Term Loans of one Type as Tranche A
Term Loans of the same Type (as provided in Section 2.09 hereof).
(c Tranche B Term Loans. Each Tranche B Lender severally agrees, on
--------------------
the terms and conditions of this Agreement, to maintain a term loan ("Tranche B
---------
Term Loans") to the Borrower in Dollars on the Amendment/Restatement Effective
- ----------
Date in the principal amount of the Tranche B Term Loan held by such Lender on
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date. The Borrower may Convert Tranche B
Term Loans of one Type into Tranche B Term Loans of another Type (as provided in
Section 2.09 hereof) or Continue Tranche B Term Loans of one Type as Tranche B
Term Loans of the same Type (as provided in Section 2.09 hereof).
(d Tranche C Term Loans. Each Tranche C Lender severally agrees, on
--------------------
the terms and conditions of this Agreement, to make a term loan ("Tranche C Term
--------------
Loans") to the Borrower in Dollars on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date
- -----
in the principal amount of the Tranche C Term Loan Commitment of such Lender.
Thereafter the Borrower may Convert Tranche C Term Loans of one Type into
Tranche C Term Loans of another Type (as provided in Section 2.09 hereof) or
Continue Tranche C Term Loans of one Type as Tranche C Term Loans of the same
Type (as provided in Section 2.09 hereof). Any unutilized Tranche C Term Loan
Commitments shall automatically terminate on the Restatement Effective Date
after giving effect to the Tranche C Term Loans made on such date.
(e Limit on Eurodollar Loans. No more than six separate Interest
-------------------------
Periods in respect of Eurodollar Loans of a Class from each Lender may be
outstanding at any one time. No Loans made on or after the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date may be Eurodollar Loans prior to the date
that is two Business Days after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date.
2.2 Borrowings. The Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent
----------
notice of each borrowing hereunder as provided in Section 4.05 hereof. Not
later than 1:00 p.m. New York time on the date specified for each borrowing
hereunder, each Lender shall make available the amount of the Loan or
<PAGE>
22
Loans to be made by it on such date to the Administrative Agent at the Principal
Office, in immediately available funds, for account of the Borrower. The amount
so received by the Administrative Agent shall, subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, be made available to the Borrower by depositing
the same, in immediately available funds, in an account of the Borrower
designated by the Borrower and maintained with the Administrative Agent at the
office of the Administrative Agent specified in Section 12.02 hereof.
2.3 Letters of Credit. Subject to the terms and conditions of this
-----------------
Agreement, the Revolving Credit Commitments may be utilized, upon the request of
the Borrower, in addition to the Revolving Credit Loans provided for by Section
2.01(a) hereof, by the issuance by the Issuing Lender of letters of credit
(collectively, "Letters of Credit") for account of the Borrower or any of its
-----------------
Subsidiaries (as specified by the Borrower), provided that in no event shall (i)
--------
the aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Liabilities, together with the
aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Loans, exceed the aggregate
amount of the Revolving Credit Commitments as in effect from time to time, (ii)
the outstanding aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Liabilities exceed
$15,000,000 and (iii) the expiration date of any Letter of Credit extend beyond
the earlier of five Business Days prior to the Revolving Credit Commitment
Termination Date and the date twelve months following the issuance of such
Letter of Credit. Letters of Credit issued under the Existing Credit Agreement
which are outstanding on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date shall be
deemed to be Letters of Credit issued under this Agreement on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date. The following additional provisions shall
apply to Letters of Credit:
(a) The Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent at least three
Business Days' irrevocable prior notice (effective upon receipt) specifying
the Business Day (which shall be no later than 30 days preceding the
Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date) each Letter of Credit is to
be issued and the account party or parties therefor and describing in
reasonable detail the proposed terms of such Letter of Credit (including
the beneficiary thereof) and the nature of the transactions or obligations
proposed to be supported thereby (including whether such Letter of Credit
is to be a commercial letter of credit or a standby letter of credit).
Upon receipt of any such notice, the Administrative Agent shall advise the
Issuing Lender of the contents thereof.
(b) On each day during the period commencing with the issuance by the
Issuing Lender of any Letter of Credit and until such Letter of Credit
shall have expired or been terminated, the Revolving Credit Commitment of
each Revolving Credit Lender shall be deemed to be utilized for all
purposes of this Agreement in an amount equal to such Lender's Revolving
Credit Commitment Percentage of the then undrawn face amount of such Letter
of Credit. Each Revolving Credit Lender (other than the Issuing Lender)
agrees that, upon the issuance of any Letter of Credit hereunder, it shall
automatically acquire a participation in the Issuing Lender's liability
under such Letter of Credit in an amount equal to such Lender's Revolving
Credit Commitment Percentage of such liability, and each Revolving Credit
Lender (other than the Issuing Lender) thereby shall absolutely,
unconditionally and irrevocably assume, as primary obligor and not as
surety, and shall be unconditionally obligated to the Issuing Lender to pay
and discharge when due, its Revolving Credit Commitment Percentage of the
Issuing Lender's liability under such Letter of Credit.
(c) Upon receipt from the beneficiary of any Letter of Credit of any
demand for payment under such Letter of Credit, the Issuing Lender shall
promptly notify the Borrower (through the Administrative Agent) of the
amount to be paid by the Issuing Lender as a result of such demand and the
date on which payment is to be made by the Issuing Lender to such
beneficiary in respect of such demand. Notwithstanding the identity of the
account party of any Letter of Credit, the Borrower hereby unconditionally
agrees to pay and reimburse the Administrative Agent for account of the
Issuing Lender for the amount of each demand for payment under such Letter
of
<PAGE>
23
Credit that is in substantial compliance with the provisions of such Letter
of Credit at or prior to the date on which payment is to be made by the
Issuing Lender to the beneficiary thereunder, without presentment, demand,
protest or other formalities of any kind.
(d) Forthwith upon its receipt of a notice referred to in paragraph
(c) of this Section 2.03, the Borrower shall advise the Administrative
Agent whether or not the Borrower intends to borrow hereunder to finance
its obligation to reimburse the Issuing Lender for the amount of the
related demand for payment and, if it does, submit a notice of such
borrowing as provided in Section 4.05 hereof.
(e) Each Revolving Credit Lender (other than the Issuing Lender)
shall pay to the Administrative Agent for account of the Issuing Lender at
the Principal Office in Dollars and in immediately available funds, the
amount of such Lender's Revolving Credit Commitment Percentage of any
payment under a Letter of Credit upon notice by the Issuing Lender (through
the Administrative Agent) to such Revolving Credit Lender requesting such
payment and specifying such amount. Each such Revolving Credit Lender's
obligation to make such payment to the Administrative Agent for account of
the Issuing Lender under this paragraph (e), and the Issuing Lender's right
to receive the same, shall be absolute and unconditional and shall not be
affected by any circumstance whatsoever, including, without limitation, the
failure of any other Revolving Credit Lender to make its payment under this
paragraph (e), the financial condition of the Borrower (or any other
account party), the existence of any Default or the termination of the
Revolving Credit Commitments. Each such payment to the Issuing Lender
shall be made without any offset, abatement, withholding or reduction
whatsoever. If any Revolving Credit Lender shall default in its obligation
to make any such payment to the Administrative Agent for account of the
Issuing Lender, for so long as such default shall continue the
Administrative Agent may at the request of the Issuing Lender withhold from
any payments received by the Administrative Agent under this Agreement or
any Note for account of such Revolving Credit Lender the amount so in
default and, to the extent so withheld, pay the same to the Issuing Lender
in satisfaction of such defaulted obligation.
(f) Upon the making of each payment by a Revolving Credit Lender to
the Issuing Lender pursuant to paragraph (e) above in respect of any Letter
of Credit, such Lender shall, automatically and without any further action
on the part of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or such Lender,
acquire (i) a participation in an amount equal to such payment in the
Reimbursement Obligation owing to the Issuing Lender by the Borrower
hereunder and under the Letter of Credit Documents relating to such Letter
of Credit and (ii) a participation in a percentage equal to such Lender's
Revolving Credit Commitment Percentage in any interest or other amounts
payable by the Borrower hereunder and under such Letter of Credit Documents
in respect of such Reimbursement Obligation (other than the commissions,
charges, costs and expenses payable to the Issuing Lender pursuant to
paragraph (g) of this Section 2.03). Upon receipt by the Issuing Lender
from or for account of the Borrower of any payment in respect of any
Reimbursement Obligation or any such interest or other amount (including by
way of setoff or application of proceeds of any collateral security) the
Issuing Lender shall promptly pay to the Administrative Agent for account
of each Revolving Credit Lender entitled thereto, such Revolving Credit
Lender's Revolving Credit Commitment Percentage of such payment, each such
payment by the Issuing Lender to be made in the same money and funds in
which received by the Issuing Lender. In the event any payment received by
the Issuing Lender and so paid to the Revolving Credit Lenders hereunder is
rescinded or must otherwise be returned by the Issuing Lender, each
Revolving Credit Lender shall, upon the request of the Issuing Lender
(through the Administrative Agent), repay to the Issuing Lender (through
the Administrative Agent) the amount of such
<PAGE>
24
payment paid to such Lender, with interest at the rate specified in
paragraph (j) of this Section 2.03.
(g) The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for account of
each Revolving Credit Lender (ratably in accordance with their respective
Revolving Credit Commitment Percentages) a letter of credit fee on the
daily average undrawn face amount of such Letter of Credit at a rate per
annum equal to the Applicable Margin for Revolving Credit Loans that are
Eurodollar Loans for the period from and including the date of issuance of
such Letter of Credit (i) in the case of a Letter of Credit that expires in
accordance with its terms, to and including such expiration date and (ii)
in the case of a Letter of Credit that is drawn in full or is otherwise
terminated other than on the stated expiration date of such Letter of
Credit, to but excluding the date such Letter of Credit is drawn in full or
is terminated (such fee to be non-refundable, to be paid in arrears on each
Quarterly Date and on the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date and
to be calculated for any day after giving effect to any payments made under
such Letter of Credit on such day). In addition, the Borrower shall pay to
the Administrative Agent for account of the Issuing Lender a fronting fee
in respect of each Letter of Credit in an amount equal to 1/4 of 1% per
annum of the daily average undrawn face amount of such Letter of Credit for
the period from and including the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit
(i) in the case of a Letter of Credit that expires in accordance with its
terms, to and including such expiration date and (ii) in the case of a
Letter of Credit that is drawn in full or is otherwise terminated other
than on the stated expiration date of such Letter of Credit, to but
excluding the date such Letter of Credit is drawn in full or is terminated
(such fee to be non-refundable, to be paid in arrears on each Quarterly
Date and on the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date and to be
calculated for any day after giving effect to any payments made under such
Letter of Credit on such day) plus all commissions, charges, costs and
expenses in the amounts customarily charged by the Issuing Lender from time
to time in like circumstances with respect to the issuance of each Letter
of Credit and drawings and other transactions relating thereto.
(h) Promptly following the end of each calendar quarter, the Issuing
Lender shall deliver (through the Administrative Agent) to each Revolving
Credit Lender and the Borrower a notice describing the aggregate amount of
all Letters of Credit outstanding at the end of such quarter. Upon the
request of any Revolving Credit Lender from time to time, the Issuing
Lender shall deliver any other information reasonably requested by such
Lender with respect to each Letter of Credit then outstanding.
(i) The issuance by the Issuing Lender of each Letter of Credit
shall, in addition to the conditions precedent set forth in Section 7
hereof, be subject to the conditions precedent that (i) such Letter of
Credit shall be in such form, contain such terms and support such
transactions as shall be satisfactory to the Issuing Lender consistent with
its then current practices and procedures with respect to letters of credit
of the same type and (ii) the Borrower shall have executed and delivered
such applications, agreements and other instruments relating to such Letter
of Credit as the Issuing Lender shall have reasonably requested consistent
with its then current practices and procedures with respect to letters of
credit of the same type, provided that in the event of any conflict between
--------
any such application, agreement or other instrument and the provisions of
this Agreement or any Security Document, the provisions of this Agreement
and the Security Documents shall control.
(j) To the extent that any Lender shall fail to pay any amount
required to be paid pursuant to paragraph (e) or (f) of this Section 2.03
on the due date therefor, such Lender shall pay interest to the Issuing
Lender (through the Administrative Agent) on such amount from and including
such due date to but excluding the date such payment is made at a rate per
annum equal to the Federal
<PAGE>
25
Funds Rate, provided that if such Lender shall fail to make such payment to
--------
the Issuing Lender within three Business Days of such due date, then,
retroactively to the due date, such Lender shall be obligated to pay
interest on such amount at the Post-Default Rate.
(k) The issuance by the Issuing Lender of any modification or
supplement to any Letter of Credit hereunder shall be subject to the same
conditions applicable under this Section 2.03 to the issuance of new
Letters of Credit, and no such modification or supplement shall be issued
hereunder unless either (i) the respective Letter of Credit affected
thereby would have complied with such conditions had it originally been
issued hereunder in such modified or supplemented form or (ii) each
Revolving Credit Lender shall have consented thereto.
The Borrower hereby indemnifies and holds harmless each Revolving Credit Lender
and the Administrative Agent from and against any and all claims and damages,
losses, liabilities, costs or expenses that such Lender or the Administrative
Agent may incur (or that may be claimed against such Lender or the
Administrative Agent by any Person whatsoever) by reason of or in connection
with the execution and delivery or transfer of or payment or refusal to pay by
the Issuing Lender under any Letter of Credit; provided that the Borrower shall
--------
not be required to indemnify any Lender or the Administrative Agent for any
claims, damages, losses, liabilities, costs or expenses to the extent, but only
to the extent, caused by (x) the willful misconduct or gross negligence of the
Issuing Lender in determining whether a request presented under any Letter of
Credit complied with the terms of such Letter of Credit or (y) in the case of
the Issuing Lender, such Lender's failure to pay under any Letter of Credit
after the presentation to it of a request strictly complying with the terms and
conditions of such Letter of Credit unless it is prohibited from doing so by an
injunction or other order of any court. Nothing in this Section 2.03 is
intended to limit the other obligations of the Borrower, any Lender or the
Administrative Agent under this Agreement.
2.4 Changes of Revolving Credit Commitments. The Borrower shall have
---------------------------------------
the right at any time or from time to time (i) so long as no Revolving Credit
Loans or Letter of Credit Liabilities are outstanding, to terminate the
Revolving Credit Commitments and (ii) to reduce the aggregate unused amount of
the Revolving Credit Commitments (for which purpose use of the Revolving Credit
Commitments shall be deemed to include the aggregate amount of Letter of Credit
Liabilities); provided that (x) the Borrower shall give notice of each such
--------
termination or reduction as provided in Section 4.05 hereof and (y) each partial
reduction shall be in an aggregate amount at least equal to $5,000,000 (or a
larger multiple of $1,000,000). The Revolving Credit Commitments once
terminated or reduced may not be reinstated.
2.5 Commitment Fee. The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative
--------------
Agent for the account of each Lender a commitment fee on the daily average
unused amount of such Lender's Revolving Credit Commitment (for which purpose
the aggregate amount of any Letter of Credit Liabilities shall be deemed to be a
pro rata (based on the Revolving Credit Commitments) use of each Lender's
- --- ----
Revolving Credit Commitment) for the period from and including the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date to but not including the earlier of the
date such Revolving Credit Commitment is terminated and the Revolving Credit
Commitment Termination Date, at a rate per annum equal to (a) 1/2 of 1%, at any
time when the Applicable Margin in respect of Eurodollar Loans that are
Revolving Credit Loans is 1.75% or higher or (b) 3/8 of 1%, at any other time.
Accrued commitment fees shall be payable on each Quarterly Date and on the
earlier of the date the relevant Commitments are terminated and the Revolving
Credit Commitment Termination Date.
2.6 Lending Offices. The Loans of each Type made by each Lender
---------------
shall be made and maintained at such Lender's Applicable Lending Office for
Loans of such Type.
<PAGE>
26
2.7 Several Obligations; Remedies Independent. The failure of any
-----------------------------------------
Lender to make any Loan to be made by it on the date specified therefor shall
not relieve any other Lender of its obligation to make its Loan on such date,
but neither any Lender nor the Administrative Agent shall be responsible for the
failure of any other Lender to make a Loan to be made by such other Lender, and
(except as otherwise provided in Section 4.06 hereof) no Lender shall have any
obligation to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender for the failure by
such Lender to make any Loan required to be made by such Lender. The amounts
payable by the Borrower at any time hereunder and under any Notes to each Lender
shall be a separate and independent debt and each Lender shall be entitled to
protect and enforce its rights arising out of this Agreement and any Notes, and
it shall not be necessary for any other Lender or the Administrative Agent to
consent to, or be joined as an additional party in, any proceedings for such
purposes.
2.8 Evidence of Loans; Notes.
------------------------
(a) The Borrower agrees that, upon the request to the Administrative
Agent by any Revolving Credit Lender made on or prior to the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date or in connection with any assignment
pursuant to Section 12.06 hereof, in order to evidence such Lender's Revolving
Credit Loans, the Borrower will execute and deliver to such Lender a single
promissory note of the Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit A-1 hereto,
dated the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, payable to such Lender in a
principal amount equal to the amount of its Revolving Credit Commitment as
originally in effect and otherwise duly completed.
(b) The Borrower agrees that, upon the request to the Administrative
Agent by any Tranche A Lender made in connection with any assignment pursuant to
Section 12.06 hereof, in order to evidence such Lender's Tranche A Term Loans,
the Borrower will execute and deliver to such Lender a single promissory note of
the Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit A-2 hereto, dated the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, payable to such Lender in a principal
amount equal to the amount of its Tranche A Term Loan and otherwise duly
completed.
(c) The Borrower agrees that, upon the request to the Administrative
Agent by any Tranche B Lender made in connection with any assignment pursuant
to Section 12.06 hereof, in order to evidence such Lender's Tranche B Term
Loans, the Borrower will execute and deliver to such Lender a single promissory
note of the Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit A-3 hereto, dated the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, payable to such Lender in a principal
amount equal to the amount of its Tranche B Term Loan and otherwise duly
completed.
(d) The Borrower agrees that, upon the request to the Administrative
Agent by any Tranche C Lender made on or prior to the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date or in connection with any assignment pursuant to Section 12.06
hereof, in order to evidence such Lender's Tranche C Term Loans, the Borrower
will execute and deliver to such Lender a single promissory note of the Borrower
substantially in the form of Exhibit A-4 hereto, dated the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date, payable to such Lender in a principal amount equal to the amount
of its Tranche C Term Loan Commitment or Tranche C Term Loan, as the case may
be, and otherwise duly completed.
(e) Each Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice
an account or accounts evidencing indebtedness of the Borrower to such Lender
resulting from each Loan of each Class made by such Lender from time to time,
including the amounts of principal and interest payable and paid to such Lender
from time to time under this Agreement. The Administrative Agent shall record
in the Register, with separate subaccounts therein for each Lender, (i) the
amount of each Loan of each Class made hereunder, the Type thereof, and, in the
case of Eurodollar Loans, each Interest Period applicable thereto, (ii) the
amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable
from the Borrower to each Lender hereunder and (iii) both the amount of any
payment received by the
<PAGE>
27
Administrative Agent hereunder from the Borrower and each Lender's share
thereof, if any. The entries made in the Register and the accounts of each
Lender maintained pursuant to this Section 2.08(e) shall, to the extent
permitted by applicable law, be prima facie evidence of the existence and
----- -----
amounts of the obligations of the Borrower therein recorded; provided, however,
--------
that the failure of any Lender or the Administrative Agent to maintain the
Register or any such account, or any error therein, shall not in any manner
affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay (with applicable interest) any
Loan of any Class made to the Borrower by such Lender in accordance with the
terms of this Agreement.
(f) No Lender shall be entitled to have its Notes substituted or
exchanged for any reason, or subdivided for promissory notes of lesser
denominations, except in connection with a permitted assignment of all or any
portion of such Lender's relevant Commitment, Loans and Notes pursuant to
Section 12.06 hereof and except as provided in clause (g) below (and, if
requested by any Lender, the Borrower agrees to so exchange any Note).
(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Lender that is not a U.S.
Person and is not a "bank" within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the
Code and that has made a written request to the Borrower (through the
Administrative Agent) for a promissory note and any direct or indirect assignee
of such Lender (such Lender and any such assignee, a "Qualified Foreign Lender")
------------------------
shall receive a promissory note in registered form to evidence its Loans (i.e.
containing the optional registered note language as indicated in Exhibit A-1, A-
2, A-3 or A-4 hereto, as the case may be) (herein, a "Registered Note"), dated
---------------
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, payable to such Lender or registered
assigns and otherwise duly completed. Once issued, Registered Notes (i) shall
be deemed to and shall be "Notes" and "Tranche A Term Notes," "Tranche B Term
Notes," "Tranche C Term Notes" or "Revolving Credit Notes," as the case may be,
for all purposes under this Agreement, the Security Documents and the other Loan
Documents, (ii) may not be exchanged for Revolving Credit Notes, Tranche A Term
Notes, Tranche B Term Notes or Tranche C Term Notes, notwithstanding anything to
the contrary in this Agreement, and (iii) shall at all times thereafter be
Registered Notes, including, without limitation, following any transfer or
assignment thereof.
(h) Each Lender that is a "Lender" under the Existing Credit
Agreement shall return to the Borrower for cancellation any notes held by it
thereunder promptly after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date.
2.9 Optional Prepayments and Conversions or Continuations of Loans.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Subject to Section 4.04 hereof, the Borrower shall have the right to prepay
Loans, or to Convert Loans of one Type into Loans of another Type or Continue
Loans of one Type as Loans of the same Type, at any time or from time to time,
provided that: (a) the Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent notice of
- --------
each such prepayment, Conversion or Continuation as provided in Section 4.05
hereof (and, upon the date specified in any such notice of prepayment, the
amount to be prepaid shall become due and payable hereunder); (b) Eurodollar
Loans may be prepaid or Converted only on the last day of an Interest Period for
such Loans; (c) prepayments of the Term Loans shall be applied ratably to the
Tranche A Term Loans, the Tranche B Term Loans and the Tranche C Term Loans and,
in the case of each such Class, to the installments of the Term Loans in direct
order of their scheduled maturities; and (d) any Conversion or Continuation of
Eurodollar Loans shall be subject to the provisions of Section 2.01(e) hereof.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, and without limiting the rights and remedies of
the Lenders under Section 10 hereof, in the event that any Event of Default
shall have occurred and be continuing, the Administrative Agent may (and at the
request of the Majority Lenders shall) suspend the right of the Borrower to
Convert any Loan into a Eurodollar Loan, or to Continue any Loan as a Eurodollar
Loan, in which event all Loans shall be Converted (on the last day(s) of the
respective Interest Periods therefor) or Continued, as the case may be, as Base
Rate Loans.
<PAGE>
28
2.10 Mandatory Prepayments.
---------------------
(a) Casualty Events. Upon the first anniversary of the receipt by
---------------
the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of the proceeds of insurance,
condemnation award or other compensation in respect of any Casualty Event
affecting any Property of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (or upon such
earlier date as the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, shall have
determined not to repair or replace the Property affected by such Casualty
Event), the Borrower shall prepay the Term Loans in an aggregate amount equal to
100% of the Net Available Proceeds of such Casualty Event not theretofore
applied to the repair or replacement of such Property, such prepayment and
reduction to be effected in each case in the manner and to the extent specified
in paragraph (f) of this Section 2.10. Nothing in this paragraph (a) shall be
deemed to limit any obligation of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries
pursuant to any of the Security Documents to remit to a collateral or similar
account (including, without limitation, the Collateral Account) maintained by
the Administrative Agent pursuant to any of the Security Documents the proceeds
of insurance, condemnation award or other compensation received in respect of
any Casualty Event.
(b) Debt Issuance. Upon any Debt Issuance, the Borrower shall prepay
-------------
the Term Loans in an amount equal to 100% of the Net Available Proceeds thereof,
with such prepayment to be made on the date of receipt of any such Net Available
Proceeds.
(c) Equity Issuance. Upon any Equity Issuance, the Borrower shall
---------------
prepay the Term Loans in an aggregate amount equal to 50% of the Net Available
Proceeds thereof, such prepayment to be effected in each case in the manner and
to the extent specified in paragraph (f) of this Section 2.10.
(d) Excess Cash Flow. Not later than the 30 days after the receipt
----------------
by the Administrative Agent of the annual audited consolidated and consolidating
financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries in accordance with
Section 9.01(b) hereof (or, if such consolidated and consolidating financial
statements are not received by the last day on which they are required to be
delivered, not later than 30 days after the last day on which such financial
statements are required by said Section 9.01(b) to be so delivered) in respect
of each fiscal year of the Company ending on or after December 31, 1999, the
Borrower shall prepay the Term Loans in an aggregate amount equal to the excess
of (A) 50% of Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year over (B) the aggregate
amount of prepayments of Term Loans made during such fiscal year pursuant to
Section 2.09 hereof, such prepayment to be effected in each case in the manner
and to the extent specified in paragraph (f) of this Section 2.10.
(e) Sale of Assets. Without limiting the obligation of the Borrower
--------------
to obtain the consent of the Majority Lenders pursuant to Section 9.05 hereof to
any Disposition not otherwise permitted hereunder, in the event that the Net
Available Proceeds of any Disposition (herein, the "Current Disposition"), and
-------------------
of all prior Dispositions as to which a prepayment has not yet been made under
this Section 2.10(e), but excluding the amount of any Reinvestable Proceeds (as
defined below), shall exceed $1,000,000 then, no later than five Business Days
after the occurrence of the Current Disposition, the Borrower will deliver to
the Lenders a statement, certified by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, in
form and detail satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, of the amount of the
Net Available Proceeds of the Current Disposition and of all such prior
Dispositions and will prepay the Term Loans in an aggregate amount equal to 100%
of the Net Available Proceeds of the Current Disposition and such prior
Dispositions, but excluding the amount of any Reinvestable Proceeds, such
prepayment to be effected in each case in the manner and to the extent specified
in paragraph (f) of this Section 2.10. In the event that the Borrower
determines that it plans to use a portion of the Net Available Proceeds of any
Disposition (the "Reinvestable Proceeds" of such Disposition) to repair or
---------------------
replace any of its Properties, it may so use such portion within 270 days of
such Disposition; provided that (i) if it fails so to use such portion, such
--------
portion shall cease to be Reinvestable Proceeds on such 270th day and shall be
deemed to be Net Available Proceeds of a Disposition that has occurred on such
day and (ii) if after giving effect to such determination
<PAGE>
29
the then aggregate amount of Reinvestable Proceeds that have not been used to so
repair or replace Properties shall be in excess of $10,000,000, such aggregate
amount shall be promptly deposited in a cash collateral account established at
Chase to be held as collateral in favor of the Administrative Agent for the
benefit of the Lenders on terms reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative
Agent and shall remain on deposit in such cash collateral account until such
aggregate amount (or, with respect to any portion thereof, such portion) shall
be used to so repair or replace Properties or as provided in clause (i) of this
Section 2.10(e).
(f) Application. Prepayments described in the above paragraphs of
-----------
this Section 2.10 (each, a "Reduction") shall be effected as follows: (i) the
---------
Tranche A Amount (as defined below) of such Reduction shall be applied to the
prepayment of installments of the Tranche A Term Loans then outstanding pro rata
--- ----
in accordance with the respective amounts of such installments, (ii) the Tranche
B Amount (as defined below) of such Reduction shall be applied to the prepayment
of the installments of the Tranche B Term Loans then outstanding pro rata in
--- ----
accordance with the respective amounts of such installments and (iii) the
Tranche C Amount (as defined below) of such Reduction shall be applied to the
prepayment of the installments of the Tranche C Term Loans then outstanding pro
---
rata in accordance with the respective amounts of such installments. For the
- ----
purposes of this Section 2.10(f), with respect to any Reduction, (A) "Tranche A
---------
Amount" shall mean the amount of such Reduction minus the sum of the Tranche B
- ------ -----
Amount and the Tranche C Amount, (B) "Tranche B Amount" shall mean the product
----------------
of the amount of such Reduction multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which
is the aggregate principal amount of the Tranche B Term Loans then outstanding
and the denominator of which is the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans
then outstanding and (C) "Tranche C Amount" shall mean the product of the amount
----------------
of such Reduction multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the
aggregate principal amount of the Tranche C Term Loans then outstanding and the
denominator of which is the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans then
outstanding; provided that, so long as and to the extent that any Tranche A Term
--------
Loans are outstanding, if any Tranche B Lender or Tranche C Lender so advises
the Administrative Agent on or before the date of such Reduction, such Lender's
pro rata portion of the Tranche B Amount or the Tranche C Amount, as the case
- --- ----
may be, for such Reduction shall be zero.
Section 3. Payments of Principal and Interest.
----------------------------------
3.1 Repayment of Loans.
------------------
(a) The Borrower hereby promises to pay to the Administrative Agent
for account of each Lender the entire outstanding principal amount of such
Lender's Revolving Credit Loans, and each Revolving Credit Loan shall mature, on
the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date. In addition, if at any time
the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Loans, together with the
aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Liabilities, shall exceed the Revolving
Credit Commitments, the Borrower shall, first, pay Revolving Credit Loans and,
second, provide cover for Letter of Credit Liabilities, in an aggregate amount
equal to such excess. In the event that the Borrower shall be required pursuant
to this Section 3.01(a) to provide cover for Letter of Credit Liabilities, the
Borrower shall effect the same by paying to the Administrative Agent immediately
available funds in an amount equal to the required amount, which funds shall be
retained by the Administrative Agent in the Collateral Account (as provided
therein as collateral security in the first instance for the Letter of Credit
Liabilities) until such time as the Letters of Credit shall have been terminated
and all of the Letter of Credit Liabilities paid in full.
(b) The Borrower hereby promises to pay to the Administrative Agent
for account of the Tranche A Lenders the aggregate principal amount of the
Tranche A Term Loans in quarterly installments payable on the Tranche A
Principal Payment Dates as follows:
<PAGE>
30
Principal Payment Date
Falling on or Nearest to: Amount of Installment:
------------------------- ----------------------
September 30, 1998 $ 735,294
December 31, 1998 $ 735,294
March 31, 1999 $ 735,294
June 30, 1999 $ 735,294
September 30, 1999 $ 2,941,176
December 31, 1999 $ 2,941,176
March 31, 2000 $ 2,941,176
June 30, 2000 $ 2,941,176
September 30, 2000 $ 4,411,765
December 31, 2000 $ 4,411,765
March 31, 2001 $ 4,411,765
June 30, 2001 $ 4,411,765
September 30, 2001 $ 5,000,000
December 31, 2001 $ 5,000,000
March 31, 2002 $ 5,000,000
June 30, 2002 $ 5,000,000
September 30, 2002 $ 5,882,353
December 31, 2002 $ 5,882,353
March 31, 2003 $ 5,882,353
June 30, 2003 $ 5,882,353
September 30, 2003 $12,058,824
October 31, 2003 $12,058,824
(c) The Borrower hereby promises to pay to the Administrative Agent
for account of the Tranche B Lenders the aggregate principal amount of the
Tranche B Term Loans in quarterly installments payable on the Tranche B
Principal Payment Dates as follows:
Principal Payment Date
Falling on or Nearest to: Amount of Installment:
------------------------- ----------------------
September 30, 1998 $ 150,000
December 31, 1998 $ 150,000
March 31, 1999 $ 150,000
June 30, 1999 $ 150,000
September 30, 1999 $ 300,000
December 31, 1999 $ 300,000
March 31, 2000 $ 300,000
June 30, 2000 $ 300,000
September 30, 2000 $ 300,000
December 31, 2000 $ 300,000
March 31, 2001 $ 300,000
June 30, 2001 $ 300,000
September 30, 2001 $ 300,000
December 31, 2001 $ 300,000
March 31, 2002 $ 300,000
June 30, 2002 $ 300,000
September 30, 2002 $ 300,000
December 31, 2002 $ 300,000
March 31, 2003 $ 300,000
<PAGE>
31
June 30, 2003 $ 300,000
September 30, 2003 $ 300,000
December 31, 2003 $ 300,000
March 31, 2004 $ 300,000
June 30, 2004 $ 300,000
September 30, 2004 $35,850,000
December 31, 2004 $35,850,000
March 31, 2005 $35,850,000
April 30, 2005 $35,850,000
(d) The Borrower hereby promises to pay to the Administrative Agent
for account of the Tranche C Lenders the aggregate principal amount of the
Tranche C Term Loans in quarterly installments payable on the Tranche C
Principal Payment Dates as follows:
Principal Payment Date
Falling on or Nearest to: Amount of Installment:
------------------------- ----------------------
September 30, 1999 $ 250,000
December 31, 1999 $ 250,000
March 31, 2000 $ 250,000
June 30, 2000 $ 250,000
September 30, 2000 $ 250,000
December 31, 2000 $ 250,000
March 31, 2001 $ 250,000
June 30, 2001 $ 250,000
September 30, 2001 $ 250,000
December 31, 2001 $ 250,000
March 31, 2002 $ 250,000
June 30, 2002 $ 250,000
September 30, 2002 $ 250,000
December 31, 2002 $ 250,000
March 31, 2003 $ 250,000
June 30, 2003 $ 250,000
September 30, 2003 $ 250,000
December 31, 2003 $ 250,000
March 31, 2004 $ 250,000
June 30, 2004 $ 250,000
September 30, 2004 $ 250,000
December 31, 2004 $ 250,000
March 31, 2005 $ 250,000
June 30, 2005 $ 250,000
September 30, 2005 $ 250,000
December 31, 2005 $ 250,000
March 31, 2006 $ 250,000
June 30, 2006 $ 250,000
September 30, 2006 $32,750,000
December 31, 2006 $32,750,000
March 31, 2007 $32,750,000
June 30, 2007 $32,750,000
<PAGE>
32
3.2 Interest. The Borrower hereby promises to pay to the
--------
Administrative Agent for account of each Lender interest on the unpaid principal
amount of each Loan made by such Lender for the period from and including the
date of such Loan to but excluding the date such Loan shall be paid in full, at
the following rates per annum:
(a) during such periods as such Loan is a Base Rate Loan, the Base
Rate (as in effect from time to time) plus the Applicable Margin and
----
(b) during such periods as such Loan is a Eurodollar Loan, for each
Interest Period relating thereto, the Eurodollar Rate for such Loan for
such Interest Period plus the Applicable Margin.
----
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrower hereby promises to pay to the
Administrative Agent for account of each Lender interest at the applicable Post-
Default Rate on any principal of any Loan made by such Lender, on any
Reimbursement Obligation held by such Lender and on any other amount payable by
the Borrower hereunder or under any Notes held by such Lender to or for account
of such Lender, that shall not be paid in full when due (whether at stated
maturity, by acceleration, by mandatory prepayment or otherwise), for the period
from and including the due date thereof to but excluding the date the same is
paid in full. Accrued interest on each Loan shall be payable (i) in the case of
a Base Rate Loan, quarterly on the Quarterly Dates, (ii) in the case of a
Eurodollar Loan, on the last day of each Interest Period therefor and, if such
Interest Period is longer than three months, at three-month intervals following
the first day of such Interest Period, and (iii) in the case of any Eurodollar
Loan, upon the payment or prepayment thereof or the Conversion of such Loan to a
Loan of another Type (but only on the principal amount so paid, prepaid or
Converted), except that interest payable at the Post-Default Rate shall be
payable from time to time on demand. Promptly after the determination of any
interest rate provided for herein or any change therein, the Administrative
Agent shall give notice thereof to the Lenders to which such interest is payable
and to the Borrower.
Section 4. Payments; Pro Rata Treatment; Computations; Etc.
------------------------------------------------
4.1 Payments.
--------
(a) Except to the extent otherwise provided herein, all payments of
principal, interest, Reimbursement Obligations and other amounts to be made by
the Borrower under this Agreement and any Notes, and, except to the extent
otherwise provided therein, all payments to be made by the Obligors under any
other Loan Document, shall be made in Dollars, in immediately available funds,
without deduction, set-off or counterclaim, to the Administrative Agent at the
Principal Office, not later than 1:00 p.m. New York time on the date on which
such payment shall become due (each such payment made after such time on such
due date to be deemed to have been made on the next succeeding Business Day).
(b) Any Lender for whose account any such payment is to be made may
(but shall not be obligated to) debit the amount of any such payment that is not
made by such time as required hereunder to any ordinary deposit account of the
Borrower with such Lender (with notice to the Borrower and the Administrative
Agent), provided that such Lender's failure to give such notice shall not affect
--------
the validity thereof.
(c) The Borrower shall, at the time of making each payment under this
Agreement or any Note for account of any Lender, specify to the Administrative
Agent (which shall so notify the intended recipient(s) thereof) the Loans,
Reimbursement Obligations or other amounts payable by the Borrower hereunder to
which such payment is to be applied (and in the event that the Borrower fails to
so specify, or if such payment is equal to the then aggregate amounts due and
owing hereunder, the Administrative
<PAGE>
33
Agent may distribute such payment to the Lenders for application in such ratable
manner as it, subject to Section 4.02 hereof, may reasonably determine to be
appropriate).
(d) Except to the extent otherwise provided in the last sentence of
Section 2.03(e) hereof, each payment received by the Administrative Agent under
this Agreement or any Note for account of any Lender shall be paid by the
Administrative Agent promptly to such Lender, in immediately available funds,
for account of such Lender's Applicable Lending Office for the Loan or other
obligation in respect of which such payment is made.
(e) If the due date of any payment under this Agreement or any Note
would otherwise fall on a day that is not a Business Day, such date shall be
extended to the next succeeding Business Day, and interest shall be payable for
any principal so extended for the period of such extension.
4.2 Pro Rata Treatment. Except to the extent otherwise provided
------------------
herein: (a) each borrowing of Loans of a particular Class from the Lenders
under Section 2.01 hereof shall be made from the relevant Lenders, each payment
of commitment fee under Section 2.05 hereof in respect of Revolving Credit
Commitments shall be made for account of the Revolving Credit Lenders, and each
termination or reduction of the amount of the Revolving Credit Commitments under
Section 2.04 hereof shall in each case be applied to the respective Commitments
of the relevant Class of the relevant Lenders, pro rata according to the amounts
--- ----
of their respective Commitments of such Class; (b) except as otherwise provided
in Section 5.04 hereof, Eurodollar Loans of any Class having the same Interest
Period shall be allocated pro rata among the relevant Lenders according to the
--- ----
amounts of their respective Revolving Credit and Tranche C Term Loan Commitments
(in the case of the making of Loans) or their respective Revolving Credit and
Term Loans (in the case of Conversions and Continuations of Loans); (c) each
payment or prepayment of principal of Revolving Credit Loans or Term Loans by
the Borrower shall be made for account of the relevant Lenders pro rata in
--- ----
accordance with the respective unpaid principal amounts of the Loans of such
Class held by them; and (d) each payment of interest on Revolving Credit Loans
and Term Loans by the Borrower shall be made for account of the relevant Lenders
pro rata in accordance with the amounts of interest on such Loans then due and
- --- ----
payable to the respective Lenders.
4.3 Computations. Interest on Eurodollar Loans and commitment fee
------------
and letter of credit fees shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days
and actual days elapsed (including the first day but, except as otherwise
provided in Section 2.03(g) hereof, excluding the last day) occurring in the
period for which payable and interest on Base Rate Loans and Reimbursement
Obligations shall be computed on the basis of a year of 365 or 366 days, as the
case may be, and actual days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the
last day) occurring in the period for which payable. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, for each day that the Base Rate is calculated by reference to the
Federal Funds Rate, interest on Base Rate Loans and Reimbursement Obligations
shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and actual days elapsed.
4.4 Minimum Amounts. Except for mandatory prepayments made pursuant
---------------
to Section 2.10 hereof and Conversions or prepayments made pursuant to Section
5.04 hereof, (a) in the case of Base Rate Loans, each borrowing, Conversion and
partial prepayment of principal shall be in an aggregate amount at least equal
to $500,000 or a larger multiple of $100,000 and (b) in the case of Eurodollar
Loans, each borrowing shall be in an aggregate amount at least equal to
$1,000,000 or a larger multiple of $500,000 and each Conversion or partial
prepayment shall be in an aggregate amount at least equal to $1,000,000 or a
larger multiple of $500,000 (borrowings, Conversions or prepayments of or into
Loans of different Types or, in the case of Eurodollar Loans, having different
Interest Periods at the same time hereunder to be deemed separate borrowings,
Conversions and prepayments for purposes of the foregoing, one for each Type or
Interest Period), and, if any Eurodollar Loans would otherwise be in a lesser
principal amount for any period, such Loans shall be Base Rate Loans during such
period.
<PAGE>
34
4.5 Certain Notices. Notices by the Borrower to the Administrative
---------------
Agent of terminations or reductions of the Revolving Credit Commitments, of
borrowings, Conversions, Continuations and optional prepayments of Loans and of
Classes of Loans, of Types of Loans and of the duration of Interest Periods
shall be irrevocable and shall be effective only if received by the
Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. New York time on the number of
Business Days prior to the date of the relevant termination, reduction,
borrowing, Conversion, Continuation or prepayment or the first day of such
Interest Period specified below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of
Business
Notice Days Prior
------ ----------
<S> <C>
Termination or reduction of Revolving Credit
Commitments 3
Borrowing or prepayment of, or Conversions into,
Base Rate Loans 1
Borrowing or prepayment of, Conversions into, Continuations
as, or duration of Interest Period for, Eurodollar Loans 3
</TABLE>
Each such notice of termination or reduction shall specify the amount of the
Revolving Credit Commitments to be terminated or reduced. Each such notice of
borrowing, Conversion, Continuation or optional prepayment shall specify (i) the
Class of Loans to be borrowed, Converted, Continued or prepaid, (ii) the amount
(subject to Section 4.04 hereof) and Type of each Loan to be borrowed,
Converted, Continued or prepaid and (iii) the date of borrowing, Conversion,
Continuation or optional prepayment (which shall be a Business Day). Each such
notice of the duration of an Interest Period shall specify the Loans to which
such Interest Period is to relate. The Administrative Agent shall promptly
notify the Lenders of the contents of each such notice. In the event that the
Borrower fails to select the Type of Loan, or the duration of any Interest
Period for any Eurodollar Loan, within the time period and otherwise as provided
in this Section 4.05, such Loan (if outstanding as a Eurodollar Loan) will be
automatically Converted into a Base Rate Loan on the last day of the then
current Interest Period for such Loan or (if outstanding as a Base Rate Loan)
will remain as, or (if not then outstanding) will be made as, a Base Rate Loan.
4.6 Non-Receipt of Funds by the Administrative Agent-. Unless the
-------------------------------------------------
Administrative Agent shall have been notified by a Lender or the Borrower (the
"Payor") prior to the date on which the Payor is to make payment to the
- ------
Administrative Agent of (in the case of a Lender) the proceeds of a Loan to be
made by such Lender hereunder or (in the case of the Borrower) a payment to the
Administrative Agent for account of one or more of the Lenders hereunder (such
payment being herein called the "Required Payment"), which notice shall be
----------------
effective upon receipt, that the Payor does not intend to make the Required
Payment to the Administrative Agent, the Administrative Agent may assume that
the Required Payment has been made and may, in reliance upon such assumption
(but shall not be required to), make the amount thereof available to the
intended recipient(s) on such date; and, if the Payor has not in fact made the
Required Payment to the Administrative Agent, the recipient(s) of such payment
shall, on demand, repay to the Administrative Agent the amount so made available
together with interest thereon in respect of each day during the period
commencing on the date (the "Advance Date") such amount was so made available by
------------
the Administrative Agent until the date the Administrative Agent recovers such
amount at a rate per annum equal to the Federal Funds Rate for such day and, if
such recipient(s) shall fail promptly to make such payment, the Administrative
Agent shall be entitled to recover such amount, on demand, from
<PAGE>
35
the Payor, together with interest as aforesaid, provided that if neither the
--------
recipient(s) nor the Payor shall return the Required Payment to the
Administrative Agent within three Business Days of the Advance Date, then,
retroactively to the Advance Date, the Payor and the recipient(s) shall each be
obligated to pay interest on the Required Payment as follows:
(i) if the Required Payment shall represent a payment to be
made by the Borrower to the Lenders, the Borrower and the recipient(s)
shall each be obligated retroactively to the Advance Date to pay interest
in respect of the Required Payment at the Post-Default Rate (without
duplication of the obligation of the Borrower under Section 3.02 hereof to
pay interest on the Required Payment at the Post-Default Rate), it being
understood that the return by the recipient(s) of the Required Payment to
the Administrative Agent shall not limit such obligation of the Borrower
under said Section 3.02 to pay interest at the Post-Default Rate in respect
of the Required Payment and
(ii) if the Required Payment shall represent proceeds of a Loan
to be made by the Lenders to the Borrower, the Payor and the Borrower shall
each be obligated retroactively to the Advance Date to pay interest in
respect of the Required Payment pursuant to whichever of the rates
specified in Section 3.02 hereof is applicable to the Type of such Loan, it
being understood that the return by the Borrower of the Required Payment to
the Administrative Agent shall not limit any claim the Borrower may have
against the Payor in respect of such Required Payment.
4.7 Sharing of Payments, Etc.
-------------------------
(a) Each Obligor agrees that, in addition to (and without limitation
of) any right of set-off, banker's lien or counterclaim a Lender may otherwise
have, each Lender shall be entitled, at its option (to the fullest extent
permitted by law), to set off and apply any deposit (general or special, time or
demand, provisional or final), or other indebtedness, held by it for the credit
or account of such Obligor at any of its offices, in Dollars or in any other
currency, against any principal of or interest on any of such Lender's Loans,
Reimbursement Obligations or any other amount payable to such Lender hereunder,
that is not paid when due (regardless of whether such deposit or other
indebtedness are then due to such Obligor), in which case it shall promptly
notify such Obligor and the Administrative Agent thereof, provided that such
--------
Lender's failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity thereof.
(b) If any Lender shall obtain from any Obligor payment of any
principal of or interest on any Loan of any Class or Letter of Credit Liability
owing to it or payment of any other amount under this Agreement or any other
Loan Document through the exercise of any right of set-off, banker's lien or
counterclaim or similar right or otherwise (other than from the Administrative
Agent as provided herein), and, as a result of such payment, such Lender shall
have received a greater percentage of the principal of or interest on the Loans
of such Class or Letter of Credit Liabilities or such other amounts then due
hereunder or thereunder by such Obligor to such Lender than the percentage
received by any other Lender, it shall promptly purchase from such other Lenders
participations in (or, if and to the extent specified by such Lender, direct
interests in) the Loans of such Class or Letter of Credit Liabilities or such
other amounts, respectively, owing to such other Lenders (or in interest due
thereon, as the case may be) in such amounts, and make such other adjustments
from time to time as shall be equitable, to the end that all the Lenders shall
share the benefit of such excess payment (net of any expenses that may be
incurred by such Lender in obtaining or preserving such excess payment) pro rata
--- ----
in accordance with the unpaid principal of and/or interest on the Loans of such
Class or Letter of Credit Liabilities or such other amounts, respectively, owing
to each of the Lenders. To such end all the Lenders shall make appropriate
adjustments among themselves (by the resale of participations sold or otherwise)
if such payment is rescinded or must otherwise be restored.
<PAGE>
36
(c) Each Obligor agrees that any Lender so purchasing such a
participation (or direct interest) may exercise all rights of set-off, banker's
lien, counterclaim or similar rights with respect to such participation as fully
as if such Lender were a direct holder of Loans or other amounts (as the case
may be) owing to such Lender in the amount of such participation.
(d) Nothing contained herein shall require any Lender to exercise any
such right or shall affect the right of any Lender to exercise, and retain the
benefits of exercising, any such right with respect to any other indebtedness or
obligation of any Obligor. If, under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or
other similar law, any Lender receives a secured claim in lieu of a set-off to
which this Section 4.07 applies, such Lender shall, to the extent practicable,
exercise its rights in respect of such secured claim in a manner consistent with
the rights of the Lenders entitled under this Section 4.07 to share in the
benefits of any recovery on such secured claim.
Section 5. Yield Protection, Etc.
----------------------
5.1 Additional Costs.
----------------
(a) The Borrower shall pay directly to each Lender from time to time
such amounts as such Lender may determine to be necessary to compensate such
Lender for any costs that such Lender determines are attributable to its making
or maintaining of any Eurodollar Loans or its obligation to make any Eurodollar
Loans hereunder, or any reduction in any amount receivable by such Lender
hereunder in respect of any of such Loans or such obligation (such increases in
costs and reductions in amounts receivable being herein called "Additional
----------
Costs"), resulting from any Regulatory Change that:
- -----
(i) shall subject any Lender (or its Applicable Lending Office
for any of such Loans) to any tax, duty or other charge in respect of such
Loans or its Notes or changes the basis of taxation of any amounts payable
to such Lender under this Agreement or its Notes in respect of any of such
Loans (excluding changes in the rate of tax on the overall net income of
such Lender or of such Applicable Lending Office by the jurisdiction in
which such Lender has its principal office or such Applicable Lending
Office); or
(ii) imposes or modifies any reserve, special deposit or
similar requirements (other than the Reserve Requirement utilized in the
determination of the Eurodollar Rate for such Loan) relating to any
extensions of credit or other assets of, or any deposits with or other
liabilities of, such Lender (including, without limitation, any of such
Loans or any deposits referred to in the definition of "Eurodollar Base
Rate" in Section 1.01 hereof), or any commitment of such Lender (including,
without limitation, the Revolving Credit Commitment of such Lender
hereunder); or
(iii) imposes any other condition affecting this Agreement or its
Notes (or any of such extensions of credit or liabilities) or its Revolving
Credit Commitment.
If any Lender requests compensation from the Borrower under this Section
5.01(a), the Borrower may, by notice to such Lender (with a copy to the
Administrative Agent), suspend the obligation of such Lender thereafter to make
or Continue Eurodollar Loans, or to Convert Base Rate Loans into Eurodollar
Loans, until the Regulatory Change giving rise to such request ceases to be in
effect (in which case the provisions of Section 5.04 hereof shall be
applicable), provided that such suspension shall not affect the right of such
--------
Lender to receive the compensation so requested.
(b) Without limiting the effect of the foregoing provisions of this
Section 5.01 (but without duplication), the Borrower shall pay directly to each
Lender from time to time on request such amounts as such Lender may determine to
be necessary to compensate such Lender (or, without
<PAGE>
37
duplication, the bank holding company of which such Lender is a Subsidiary) for
any costs that it determines are attributable to the maintenance by such Lender
(or any Applicable Lending Office or such bank holding company), pursuant to any
law or regulation or any interpretation, directive or request (whether or not
having the force of law and whether or not failure to comply therewith would be
unlawful) of any court or governmental or monetary authority (i) following any
Regulatory Change or (ii) implementing any risk-based capital guideline or other
requirement (whether or not having the force of law and whether or not the
failure to comply therewith would be unlawful) hereafter issued by any
government or governmental or supervisory authority implementing at the national
level the Basle Accord, of capital in respect of its Revolving Credit Commitment
or Loans (such compensation to include, without limitation, an amount equal to
any reduction of the rate of return on assets or equity of such Lender (or any
Applicable Lending Office or such bank holding company) to a level below that
which such Lender (or any Applicable Lending Office or such bank holding
company) could have achieved but for such law, regulation, interpretation,
directive or request).
(c) Each Lender shall notify the Borrower of any event occurring
after the date hereof entitling such Lender to compensation under paragraph (a)
or (b) of this Section 5.01 as promptly as practicable, but in any event within
45 days, after such Lender obtains actual knowledge thereof; provided that (i)
--------
if any Lender fails to give such notice within 45 days after it obtains actual
knowledge of such an event, such Lender shall, with respect to compensation
payable pursuant to this Section 5.01 in respect of any costs resulting from
such event, only be entitled to payment under this Section 5.01 for costs
incurred from and after the date 45 days prior to the date that such Lender does
give such notice and (ii) each Lender will designate a different Applicable
Lending Office for the Loans of such Lender affected by such event if such
designation will avoid the need for, or reduce the amount of, such compensation
and will not, in the sole opinion of such Lender, be disadvantageous to such
Lender, except that such Lender shall have no obligation to designate an
Applicable Lending Office located in the United States of America. Each Lender
will furnish to the Borrower a certificate setting forth the basis and amount of
each request by such Lender for compensation under paragraph (a) or (b) of this
Section 5.01. Determinations and allocations by any Lender for purposes of this
Section 5.01 of the effect of any Regulatory Change pursuant to paragraph (a) of
this Section 5.01, or of the effect of capital maintained pursuant to paragraph
(b) of this Section 5.01, on its costs or rate of return of maintaining Loans or
its obligation to make Loans, or on amounts receivable by it in respect of
Loans, and of the amounts required to compensate such Lender under this Section
5.01, shall be conclusive, provided that such determinations and allocations are
--------
made on a reasonable basis.
5.2 Limitation on Types of Loans. Anything herein to the contrary
----------------------------
notwithstanding, if, on or prior to the determination of any Eurodollar Base
Rate for any Interest Period:
(a) the Administrative Agent determines, which determination shall be
conclusive, that quotations of interest rates for the relevant deposits
referred to in the definition of "Eurodollar Base Rate" in Section 1.01
hereof are not being provided in the relevant amounts or for the relevant
maturities for purposes of determining rates of interest for Eurodollar
Loans as provided herein; or
(b) if the related Loans are Revolving Credit Loans, the Majority
Revolving Credit Lenders or, if the related Loans are Term Loans, the
Majority Term Lenders determine, which determination shall be conclusive,
and notify the Administrative Agent that the relevant rates of interest
referred to in the definition of "Eurodollar Base Rate" in Section 1.01
hereof upon the basis of which the rate of interest for Eurodollar Loans
for such Interest Period is to be determined are not likely adequately to
cover the cost to such Lenders of making or maintaining Eurodollar Loans
for such Interest Period;
<PAGE>
38
then the Administrative Agent shall give the Borrower and each Lender prompt
notice thereof and, so long as such condition remains in effect, the Lenders
shall be under no obligation to make additional Eurodollar Loans, to Continue
Eurodollar Loans or to Convert Base Rate Loans into Eurodollar Loans, and the
Borrower shall, on the last day(s) of the then current Interest Period(s) for
the outstanding Eurodollar Loans, either prepay such Loans or Convert such Loans
into Base Rate Loans in accordance with Section 2.09 hereof.
5.3 Illegality. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
----------
Agreement, in the event that it becomes unlawful for any Lender or its
Applicable Lending Office to honor its obligation to make or maintain Eurodollar
Loans hereunder (and, in the sole opinion of such Lender, the designation of a
different Applicable Lending Office would either not avoid such unlawfulness or
would be disadvantageous to such Lender), then such Lender shall promptly notify
the Borrower thereof (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) and such Lender's
obligation to make or Continue, or to Convert Loans of any other Type into,
Eurodollar Loans shall be suspended until such time as such Lender may again
make and maintain Eurodollar Loans (in which case the provisions of Section 5.04
hereof shall be applicable).
5.4 Treatment of Affected Loans. If the obligation of any Lender to
---------------------------
make Eurodollar Loans or to Continue, or to Convert Base Rate Loans into,
Eurodollar Loans shall be suspended pursuant to Section 5.01 or 5.03 hereof,
such Lender's Eurodollar Loans shall be automatically Converted into Base Rate
Loans on the last day(s) of the then current Interest Period(s) for Eurodollar
Loans (or, in the case of a Conversion resulting from a circumstance described
in Section 5.03 hereof, on such earlier date as such Lender may specify to the
Borrower with a copy to the Administrative Agent) and, unless and until such
Lender gives notice as provided below that the circumstances specified in
Section 5.01 or 5.03 hereof that gave rise to such Conversion no longer exist:
(a) to the extent that such Lender's Eurodollar Loans have been so
Converted, all payments and prepayments of principal that would otherwise
be applied to such Lender's Eurodollar Loans shall be applied instead to
its Base Rate Loans; and
(b) all Loans that would otherwise be made or Continued by such
Lender as Eurodollar Loans shall be made or Continued instead as Base Rate
Loans, and all Base Rate Loans of such Lender that would otherwise be
Converted into Eurodollar Loans shall remain as Base Rate Loans.
If such Lender gives notice to the Borrower with a copy to the Administrative
Agent that the circumstances specified in Section 5.01 or 5.03 hereof that gave
rise to the Conversion of such Lender's Eurodollar Loans pursuant to this
Section 5.04 no longer exist (which such Lender agrees to do promptly upon such
circumstances ceasing to exist) at a time when Eurodollar Loans of the same
Class made by other Lenders are outstanding, such Lender's Base Rate Loans of
such Class shall be automatically Converted, on the first day(s) of the next
succeeding Interest Period(s) for such outstanding Eurodollar Loans, to the
extent necessary so that, after giving effect thereto, all Base Rate and
Eurodollar Loans of such Class are allocated among the Lenders ratably (as to
principal amounts, Types and Interest Periods) in accordance with their
respective Commitments of such Class.
5.5 Compensation. The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent
------------
for account of each Lender, upon the request of such Lender through the
Administrative Agent, such amount or amounts as shall be sufficient (in the
reasonable opinion of such Lender) to compensate it for any loss, cost or
expense that such Lender determines is attributable to:
(a) any payment, mandatory or optional prepayment or Conversion of a
Eurodollar Loan made by such Lender for any reason (including, without
limitation, the acceleration of the Loans
<PAGE>
39
pursuant to Section 10 hereof) on a date other than the last day of the
Interest Period for such Loan; or
(b) any failure by the Borrower for any reason (including, without
limitation, the failure of any of the conditions precedent specified in
Section 7 hereof to be satisfied) to borrow a Eurodollar Loan from such
Lender on the date for such borrowing specified in the relevant notice of
borrowing given pursuant to Section 2.02 hereof.
Without limiting the effect of the preceding sentence, such compensation shall
include an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the amount of interest
that otherwise would have accrued on the principal amount so paid, prepaid,
Converted or not borrowed for the period from the date of such payment,
prepayment, Conversion or failure to borrow to the last day of the then current
Interest Period for such Loan (or, in the case of a failure to borrow, the
Interest Period for such Loan that would have commenced on the date specified
for such borrowing) at the applicable rate of interest for such Loan provided
for herein over (ii) the amount of interest that otherwise would have accrued on
such principal amount at a rate per annum equal to the interest component of the
amount such Lender would have bid in the London interbank market for Dollar
deposits of leading banks in amounts comparable to such principal amount and
with maturities comparable to such period (as reasonably determined by such
Lender).
5.6 Additional Costs in Respect of Letters of Credit. Without
------------------------------------------------
limiting the obligations of the Borrower under Section 5.01 hereof (but without
duplication), if as a result of any Regulatory Change or any risk-based capital
guideline or other requirement hereafter issued by any government or
governmental or supervisory authority implementing at the national level the
Basle Accord there shall be imposed, modified or deemed applicable any tax,
reserve, special deposit, capital adequacy or similar requirement against or
with respect to or measured by reference to Letters of Credit issued or to be
issued hereunder and the result shall be to increase the cost to any Lender or
Lenders of issuing (or purchasing participations in) or maintaining its
obligation hereunder to issue (or purchase participations in) any Letter of
Credit hereunder or reduce any amount receivable by any Lender hereunder in
respect of any Letter of Credit (which increases in cost, or reductions in
amount receivable, shall be the result of such Lender's or Lenders' reasonable
allocation of the aggregate of such increases or reductions resulting from such
event), then, not later than five Business Days following demand by such Lender
or Lenders (through the Administrative Agent), the Borrower shall pay to the
Administrative Agent for account of such Lender or Lenders, from time to time as
specified by such Lender or Lenders (through the Administrative Agent), such
additional amounts as shall be sufficient to compensate such Lender or Lenders
(through the Administrative Agent) for such increased costs or reductions in
amount. A statement as to such increased costs or reductions in amount incurred
by any such Lender or Lenders, submitted by such Lender or Lenders to the
Borrower shall be conclusive in the absence of manifest error as to the amount
thereof.
5.7 U.S. Taxes.
----------
(a) The Borrower agrees to pay to each Lender that is not a U.S.
Person such additional amounts as are necessary in order that the net payment of
any amount due to such non-U.S. Person hereunder after deduction for or
withholding in respect of any U.S. Taxes imposed with respect to such payment
(or in lieu thereof, payment of such U.S. Taxes by such non-U.S. Person), will
not be less than the amount stated herein to be then due and payable, provided
--------
that the foregoing obligation to pay such additional amounts shall not apply:
(i) to any payment to any Lender hereunder (other than to any
Qualified Foreign Lender) unless such Lender is, on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date (or on the date it becomes a Lender
hereunder as provided in Section 12.06(b) hereof) and on the date of any
change in the Applicable Lending Office of such Lender, either entitled to
submit a Form 1001
<PAGE>
40
(relating to such Lender and entitling it to a complete exemption from
withholding on all interest to be received by it hereunder in respect of
the Loans) or Form 4224 (relating to all interest to be received by such
Lender hereunder in respect of the Loans),
(ii) to any payment to any Qualified Foreign Lender hereunder
in respect of its Loan, unless such Qualified Foreign Lender (or, if such
Qualified Foreign Lender is not the beneficial owner of such Loan, the
beneficial owner thereof) is, on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date
(or on the date such Qualified Foreign Lender becomes a Lender as provided
in Section 12.06(b) hereof) and on the date of any change in the Applicable
Lending Office of such Lender, entitled to submit a Form W-8, together with
an annual certificate stating that such Qualified Foreign Lender (or
beneficial owner, as the case may be) is not a "bank" within the meaning of
Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, and such Qualified Foreign Lender (or
beneficial owner, as the case may be) shall promptly notify the Borrower if
at any time, such Qualified Foreign Lender (or beneficial owner, as the
case may be) determines that it is no longer in a position to provide such
certificate to the Borrower (or any other form of certification adopted by
the relevant taxing authorities of the United States of America for such
purposes), or
(iii) to any U.S. Taxes imposed solely by reason of the failure
by such non-U.S. Person (or, if such non-U.S. Person is not the beneficial
owner of the relevant Loan, such beneficial owner) to comply with
applicable certification, information, documentation or other reporting
requirements concerning the nationality, residence, identity or connections
with the United States of America of such non-U.S. Person (or beneficial
owner, as the case may be) if such compliance is required by statute or
regulation of the United States of America as a precondition to relief or
exemption from such U.S. Taxes.
For the purposes of this Section 5.07(a), (A) "Form 1001" shall mean Form 1001
---------
(Ownership, Exemption, or Reduced Rate Certificate) of the Department of the
Treasury of the United States of America, (B) "Form 4224" shall mean Form 4224
---------
(Exemption from Withholding of Tax on Income Effectively Connected with the
Conduct of a Trade or Business in the United States) of the Department of the
Treasury of the United States of America (or in relation to either such Form
such successor and related forms as may from time to time be adopted by the
relevant taxing authorities of the United States of America to document a claim
to which such Form relates) and (C) "Form W-8" shall mean Form W-8 (Certificate
--------
of Foreign Status of the Department of Treasury of the United States of
America). Each of the Forms referred to in the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and
(C) shall include such successor and related forms as may from time to time be
adopted by the relevant taxing authorities of the United States of America to
document a claim to which such Form relates.
(b) Within 30 days after paying any amount to the Administrative
Agent or any Lender from which it is required by law to make any deduction or
withholding, and within 30 days after it is required by law to remit such
deduction or withholding to any relevant taxing or other authority, the Borrower
shall deliver to the Administrative Agent for delivery to such non-U.S. Person
evidence satisfactory to such Person of such deduction, withholding or payment
(as the case may be).
(c) Each such non-U.S. Person that is entitled to submit a Form 1001,
Form 4224 or Form W-8, together with a certificate stating that such Qualified
Foreign Lender (or beneficial owner, as the case may be) is not a "bank" within
the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code and such Qualified Foreign
Lender (or beneficial owner, as the case may be) shall promptly notify the
Borrower if at any time, such Qualified Foreign Lender (or beneficial owner, as
the case may be) determines that it is no longer in a position to provide such
certificate to the Borrower (or any other form of certification adopted by the
relevant taxing authorities of the United States of America for such purposes),
shall submit the same to the
<PAGE>
41
Administrative Agent and to the Borrower on the Amendment/Restatement Effective
Date (or on the date it becomes a Lender hereunder as provided in Section
12.06(b) hereof) and annually thereafter.
5.8 Replacement of Lenders. If any Lender requests compensation
----------------------
pursuant to Section 5.01, 5.06 or 5.07 hereof, or any Lender's obligation to
make or Continue, or to Convert Loans of any Type into, the other Type of Loan
shall be suspended pursuant to Section 5.01 or 5.03 hereof (any such Lender
requesting such compensation, or whose obligations are so suspended, being
herein called a "Requesting Lender"), the Borrower, upon three Business Days
-----------------
notice, may require that such Requesting Lender transfer all of its right, title
and interest under this Agreement and such Requesting Lender's Notes to any bank
or other financial institution (a "Proposed Lender") identified by the Borrower
---------------
that is satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender (i) if
such Proposed Lender agrees to assume all of the obligations of such Requesting
Lender hereunder, and to purchase all of such Requesting Lender's Loans
hereunder for consideration equal to the aggregate outstanding principal amount
of such Requesting Lender's Loans, together with interest thereon to the date of
such purchase, and satisfactory arrangements are made for payment to such
Requesting Lender of all other amounts payable hereunder to such Requesting
Lender on or prior to the date of such transfer (including any fees accrued
hereunder and any amounts that would be payable under Section 5.05 hereof as if
all of such Requesting Lender's Loans were being prepaid in full on such date)
and (ii) if such Requesting Lender has requested compensation pursuant to
Section 5.01, 5.06 or 5.07 hereof, such Proposed Lender's aggregate requested
compensation, if any, pursuant to said Section 5.01, 5.06 or 5.07 with respect
to such Requesting Lender's Loans is lower than that of the Requesting Lender.
Subject to the provisions of Section 12.06(b) hereof, such Proposed Lender shall
be a "Lender" for all purposes hereunder. Without prejudice to the survival of
any other agreement of the Borrower hereunder the agreements of the Borrower
contained in Sections 5.01, 5.06, 5.07 and 12.03 hereof (without duplication of
any payments made to such Requesting Lender by the Borrower or the Proposed
Lender) shall survive for the benefit of such Requesting Lender under this
Section 5.08 with respect to the time prior to such replacement.
Section 6. Guarantee.
---------
6.1 The Guarantee. The Guarantors hereby jointly and severally
-------------
guarantee to each Lender and the Administrative Agent and their respective
successors and assigns the prompt payment in full when due (whether at stated
maturity, by acceleration or otherwise) of the principal of and interest on the
Loans made by the Lenders to, and any Notes held by each Lender of, the Borrower
and all other amounts from time to time owing to the Lenders or the
Administrative Agent by the Borrower under this Agreement and under any Notes
and by any Obligor under any of the other Loan Documents, and all obligations of
the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to any Lender in respect of any Interest
Rate Protection Agreement, in each case strictly in accordance with the terms
thereof (such obligations being herein collectively called the "Guaranteed
----------
Obligations"). The Guarantors hereby further jointly and severally agree that
- -----------
if the Borrower shall fail to pay in full when due (whether at stated maturity,
by acceleration or otherwise) any of the Guaranteed Obligations, the Guarantors
will promptly pay the same, without any demand or notice whatsoever, and that in
the case of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any of the Guaranteed
Obligations, the same will be promptly paid in full when due (whether at
extended maturity, by acceleration or otherwise) in accordance with the terms of
such extension or renewal.
6.2 Obligations Unconditional. The obligations of the Guarantors
-------------------------
under Section 6.01 hereof are absolute and unconditional, joint and several,
irrespective of the value, genuineness, validity, regularity or enforceability
of the obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement, any Notes or any other
agreement or instrument referred to herein or therein, or any substitution,
release or exchange of any other guarantee of or security for any of the
Guaranteed Obligations, and, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law,
irrespective of any other circumstance whatsoever that might otherwise
constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a surety or guarantor,
it being the intent of this Section 6.02 that the
<PAGE>
42
obligations of the Guarantors hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional,
joint and several, under any and all circumstances. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, it is agreed that the occurrence of any one or more
of the following shall not alter or impair the liability of the Guarantors
hereunder which shall remain absolute and unconditional as described above:
(i) at any time or from time to time, without notice to the
Guarantors, the time for any performance of or compliance with any of the
Guaranteed Obligations shall be extended, or such performance or compliance
shall be waived;
(ii) any of the acts mentioned in any of the provisions of this
Agreement or any Notes or any other agreement or instrument referred to
herein or therein shall be done or omitted;
(iii) the maturity of any of the Guaranteed Obligations shall
be accelerated, or any of the Guaranteed Obligations shall be modified,
supplemented or amended in any respect, or any right under this Agreement
or any Notes or any other agreement or instrument referred to herein or
therein shall be waived or any other guarantee of any of the Guaranteed
Obligations or any security therefor shall be released or exchanged in
whole or in part or otherwise dealt with; or
(iv) any lien or security interest granted to, or in favor of,
the Administrative Agent or any Lender or Lenders as security for any of
the Guaranteed Obligations shall fail to be perfected.
The Guarantors hereby expressly waive diligence, presentment, demand of payment,
protest and all notices whatsoever, and any requirement that the Administrative
Agent or any Lender exhaust any right, power or remedy or proceed against the
Borrower under this Agreement or any Notes or any other agreement or instrument
referred to herein or therein, or against any other Person under any other
guarantee of, or security for, any of the Guaranteed Obligations. Anything
herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the maximum liability of each Subsidiary
Guarantor hereunder shall in no event exceed the amount which can be guaranteed
by such Subsidiary Guarantor under applicable federal and state laws relating to
the insolvency of debtors (after giving effect to the right of contribution
established in Section 6.08 hereof).
6.3 Reinstatement. The obligations of the Guarantors under this
-------------
Section 6 shall be automatically reinstated if and to the extent that for any
reason any payment by or on behalf of the Borrower in respect of the Guaranteed
Obligations is rescinded or must be otherwise restored by any holder of any of
the Guaranteed Obligations, whether as a result of any proceedings in bankruptcy
or reorganization or otherwise and the Guarantors jointly and severally agree
that they will indemnify the Administrative Agent and each Lender on demand for
all reasonable costs and expenses (including, without limitation, fees of
counsel) incurred by the Administrative Agent or such Lender in connection with
such rescission or restoration, including any such costs and expenses incurred
in defending against any claim alleging that such payment constituted a
preference, fraudulent transfer or similar payment under any bankruptcy,
insolvency or similar law.
6.4 Subrogation. The Guarantors hereby jointly and severally agree
-----------
that until the payment and satisfaction in full of all Guaranteed Obligations
and the expiration and termination of the Revolving Credit Commitments under
this Agreement they shall not exercise any right or remedy arising by reason of
any performance by them of their guarantee in Section 6.01 hereof, whether by
subrogation or otherwise, against the Borrower or any other guarantor of any of
the Guaranteed Obligations or any security for any of the Guaranteed
Obligations.
6.5 Remedies. The Guarantors jointly and severally agree that, as
--------
between the Guarantors and the Lenders, the obligations of the Borrower under
this Agreement and any Notes may be declared to
<PAGE>
43
be forthwith due and payable as provided in Section 10 hereof (and shall be
deemed to have become automatically due and payable in the circumstances
provided in said Section 10) for purposes of Section 6.01 hereof notwithstanding
any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such declaration (or such
obligations from becoming automatically due and payable) as against the Borrower
and that, in the event of such declaration (or such obligations being deemed to
have become automatically due and payable), such obligations (whether or not due
and payable by the Borrower) shall forthwith become due and payable by the
Guarantors for purposes of said Section 6.01.
6.6 Instrument for the Payment of Money. Each Guarantor hereby
-----------------------------------
acknowledges that the guarantee in this Section 6 constitutes an instrument for
the payment of money, and consents and agrees that any Lender or the
Administrative Agent, at its sole option, in the event of a dispute by such
Guarantor in the payment of any moneys due hereunder, shall have the right to
bring motion-action under New York CPLR Section 3213.
6.7 Continuing Guarantee. The guarantee in this Section 6 is a
--------------------
continuing guarantee, and shall apply to all Guaranteed Obligations whenever
arising.
6.8 Rights of Contribution. Each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby agrees
----------------------
that to the extent that a Subsidiary Guarantor shall have paid more than its
proportionate share of any payment made hereunder, such Subsidiary Guarantor
shall be entitled to seek and receive contribution from and against any other
Subsidiary Guarantor hereunder which has not paid its proportionate share of
such payment. Each Subsidiary Guarantor's right of contribution shall be
subject to the terms and conditions of Section 6.04 hereof. The provisions of
this Section 6.08 shall in no respect limit the obligations and liabilities of
any Subsidiary Guarantor to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, and each
Subsidiary Guarantor shall remain liable to the Administrative Agent and the
Lenders for the full amount guaranteed by such Subsidiary Guarantor hereunder.
6.9 General Limitation on Guarantee Obligations. In any action or
-------------------------------------------
proceeding involving any state corporate law, or any state or Federal
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other law affecting the rights of
creditors generally, if the obligations of any Subsidiary Guarantor under
Section 6.01 hereof would otherwise, taking into account the provisions of
Section 6.08 hereof, be held or determined to be void, invalid or unenforceable,
or subordinated to the claims of any other creditors, on account of the amount
of its liability under said Section 6.01, then, notwithstanding any other
provision hereof to the contrary, the amount of such liability shall, without
any further action by such Subsidiary Guarantor, any Lender, the Administrative
Agent or any other Person, be automatically limited and reduced to the highest
amount that is valid and enforceable and not subordinated to the claims of other
creditors as determined in such action or proceeding.
6.10 Waiver. Each Guarantor waives all rights and defenses arising
------
out of an election of remedies by any Lender or the Administrative Agent, even
though that election of remedies, such as a nonjudicial foreclosure with respect
to security for a Guaranteed Obligation, has destroyed such Guarantor's right of
subrogation and reimbursement against the Borrower by the operation of Section
580d of the California Code of Civil Procedure or otherwise. The provisions of
this Section 6.10 shall apply to each of the Loan Documents as if fully set
forth therein.
<PAGE>
44
Section 7. Conditions Precedent.
--------------------
7.1 Amendment/Restatement Effective Date. The effectiveness of the
------------------------------------
amendment and restatement of the Existing Credit Agreement pursuant to this
Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions
precedent:
(a) Agreement, Notes, etc. The Administrative Agent shall have
---------------------
received (i) this Agreement, executed and delivered by a duly authorized
officer of each Obligor, (ii) an Addendum, substantially in the form of
Exhibit I, executed and delivered by (x) the "Majority Lenders", the
"Majority Tranche A Lenders" and the "Majority Tranche B Lenders" (each as
defined in the Existing Credit Agreement) and (y) each Tranche C Lender,
(iii) the Acknowledgment and Confirmation of Security executed and
delivered by a duly authorized officer of each Obligor party thereto and
(iv) a Trademark Assignment and Copyright Assignment, executed and
delivered by a duly authorized officer of each Obligor party thereto.
(b) Larkin Transaction. The Larkin Transaction shall have been
------------------
consummated for an aggregate cash purchase price (excluding fees and
expenses with respect to the Larkin Transaction) not exceeding $135,000,000
and the Administrative Agent shall have received a certified copy of each
of the Larkin Transaction Documents.
(c) Sensors Transaction. The Sensors Transaction shall have been
-------------------
consummated for an aggregate cash purchase price (excluding fees and
expenses with respect to the Sensors Transaction) not exceeding $11,000,000
and the Administrative Agent shall have received a certified copy of each
of the Sensors Transaction Documents.
(d) Fees and Expenses. The aggregate amount of fees and expenses
-----------------
with respect to the Transactions shall not exceed $2,000,000.
(e) Corporate Proceedings of the Obligors. The Administrative Agent
-------------------------------------
shall have received, with a copy for each Lender, a copy of the
resolutions, in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative
Agent, of the Board of Directors or duly authorized committee of each
Obligor authorizing (i) the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement, the Acknowledgement and Confirmation of Security Documents and
(ii) in the case of the Borrower, the borrowings contemplated hereunder,
certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of such Obligor as of
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, which certificate shall state
that the resolutions thereby certified have not been amended, modified,
revoked or rescinded and shall be in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(f) Incumbency Certificates. The Administrative Agent shall have
-----------------------
received, with a copy for each Lender, a certificate of the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary (or comparable officer) of each Obligor, dated the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, as to the incumbency and signature of
the officers of such Person executing each Loan Document to which it is a
party and each Transaction Document to which it is a party and any
certificate or other document to be delivered by it pursuant hereto and
thereto, together with evidence of the incumbency of such Secretary or
Assistant Secretary.
(g) Corporate Documents. The Administrative Agent shall have
-------------------
received, with a counterpart for each Lender, true and complete copies of
the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of each Obligor, certified as
of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date as complete and correct copies
thereof by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of such Obligor.
<PAGE>
45
(h) Consents, Licenses and Approvals. (i) All governmental and
--------------------------------
third party approvals (including, without limitation, landlords' and other
consents) necessary or advisable in connection with the execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents required to
be executed and delivered in connection herewith or therewith and the
Transaction Documents shall have been obtained and be in full force and
effect, (ii) all applicable waiting periods shall have expired without any
action being taken or threatened by any competent Governmental or
Regulatory Authority which would restrain, prevent or otherwise impose
adverse conditions on the Transactions and (iii) the Lenders shall be
satisfied that the Company, the Borrower and their Subsidiaries are not
subject to contractual or other restrictions that would be violated by the
Transactions, including, without limitation, the granting of security
interests and guarantees and the payment of dividends in connection
therewith.
(i) Officer's Certificate. A certificate of a Responsible Officer of
---------------------
the Borrower, dated the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, to the effect
set forth in the first sentence of Section 7.02 hereof.
(j) Legal Opinions. The Administrative Agent shall have received,
--------------
with a counterpart for each Lender, (i) the executed legal opinion, dated
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, of Heller Ehrman White &
McAuliffe, counsel to the Obligors, covering such matters as the
Administrative Agent or any Lender reasonably requested and (ii) the
executed legal opinion of Cohen and Wolf, P.C., special Connecticut counsel
to the Obligors, covering such matters as the Administrative Agent or any
Lender reasonably requested, in each case addressed to the Administrative
Agent and the Lenders.
(k) Lien Searches. The Administrative Agent shall have received the
-------------
results of a recent search by a Person reasonably satisfactory to the
Administrative Agent, of the Uniform Commercial Code, judgment and tax lien
filings which may have been filed with respect to personal property of
Larkin and Sensors in any of the jurisdictions where the assets of Larkin
or Sensors are located, and the results of such search shall be reasonably
satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(l) Actions to Perfect Liens. The Administrative Agent shall have
------------------------
received evidence in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it that
all filings, recordings, registrations and other actions, including,
without limitation, the filing or preparation for filing of duly executed
financing statements on form UCC-1 in each jurisdiction, excepting those
jurisdictions in which a duly executed financing statement on form UCC-1
has been filed, where the assets of Larkin or Sensors are located,
necessary or, in the reasonable opinion of the Administrative Agent,
desirable to perfect the Liens created by the Security Documents shall have
been completed or shall be filed, recorded or registered promptly following
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, except with respect to those
assets as to which the Administrative Agent shall determine in its sole
discretion that the costs of perfecting such Liens are excessive in
relation to the value of the security to be afforded thereby, and all
agreements, statements and other documents relating thereto shall be in
form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(m) Insurance Certificate. The Administrative Agent shall have
---------------------
received an insurance certificate complying with the applicable
requirements of the Security Documents.
(n) Financial Statements. The Administrative Agent shall have
--------------------
received, with a copy for each Lender, (i) the unaudited pro forma combined
--- -----
balance sheet and statement of operations of the Company and its
Subsidiaries as of, or for the period ended, as applicable, June 30, 1999,
after giving effect to the Transactions and the financings contemplated
thereby, which shall be in form
<PAGE>
46
and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Lenders, (ii) audited
financial statements of Larkin for the fiscal year ended February 28, 1999,
which financial statements shall have been prepared in accordance with GAAP
and (iii) unaudited financial statements of Larkin for the two-month period
ending April 30, 1999, and none of the foregoing financial information
shall, in the reasonable judgment of the Lenders, reflect any material
adverse change in the consolidated financial condition of the Company and
its Subsidiaries or Larkin, as the case may be, as reflected in the most
recent audited financial statements or projections previously delivered to
the Lenders.
(o) Litigation. No litigation, inquiry, injunction or restraining
----------
order shall be pending, entered or threatened (including, without
limitation, any proposed statute, rule or regulation) which, in the
reasonable opinion of the Lenders, could have a Material Adverse Effect.
(p) No Adverse Change. The Lenders shall not have become aware of
-----------------
any previously undisclosed change, or development or event involving a
prospective change, which in either case in the reasonable opinion of the
Lenders could have a Material Adverse Effect.
(q) No Default. There shall exist no event of default (or condition
----------
which would constitute an event of default with the giving of notice or the
passage of time) under any capital stock or any material financing
agreements, lease agreements or other contracts of the Company, the
Borrower or any of their Subsidiaries.
(r) Fees. The Lenders, the Administrative Agent and the Arranger
----
shall have received on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date all fees
previously agreed by the Borrower to be paid on such date, and all
reasonable expenses (including reasonable fees of counsel) for which
invoices have been presented prior to such date.
(s) Other Documentation. All material documentation relating to the
-------------------
Transactions, including, without limitation, any material tax sharing
agreement, employment agreement, management compensation arrangement or
other financing arrangement of the Company, the Borrower or any of their
Subsidiaries, shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the
Administrative Agent.
The Administrative Agent and the Lenders acknowledge that (i) certain of the
documents required to be delivered as conditions precedent under this Section
7.01 can only be delivered after consummation of the Transactions and (ii) such
conditions precedent shall be deemed to be satisfied upon irrevocable placement
of such documents into escrow for immediate and unconditional delivery upon
consummation of the Transactions.
7.2 Initial and Subsequent Extensions of Credit. The obligation of
-------------------------------------------
the Lenders to make any Loan or to issue any Letter of Credit hereunder upon the
occasion of each borrowing or issuance of a Letter of Credit hereunder
(including the initial borrowing) is subject to the further conditions precedent
that, both immediately prior to the making of such Loan or the issuance of such
Letter of Credit and also after giving effect thereto and to the intended use
thereof:
(a) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing.
(b) the representations and warranties made by the Borrower and the
Company in Section 8 hereof, and by each Obligor in each of the other Loan
Documents to which it is a party, shall be true and complete on and as of
the date of the making of such Loan or other extension of credit with the
same force and effect as if made on and as of such date (or, if any such
<PAGE>
47
representation or warranty is expressly stated to have been made as of a
specific date, as of such specific date).
Each notice of borrowing or request for the issuance of a Letter of Credit by
the Borrower hereunder shall constitute a certification by the Borrower to the
effect set forth in the preceding sentence (both as of the date of such notice
or request and, unless the Borrower otherwise notifies the Administrative Agent
prior to the date of such borrowing or issuance, as of the date of such
borrowing or issuance).
7.3 Permitted Acquisitions. The consummation of each Permitted
----------------------
Acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions
precedent:
(a) No Resulting Default. The consummation of such Permitted
--------------------
Acquisition (each, a "Relevant Permitted Acquisition") shall not result in a
------------------------------
Default or Event of Default.
(b) Acquisition Documents. The Administrative Agent shall have
---------------------
received (with a copy for each Lender, if requested), prior to the proposed date
of the Relevant Permitted Acquisition, true and correct copies (or the most
recent form), certified as to authenticity by the Borrower, of each agreement
pursuant to which such Relevant Permitted Acquisition is to be consummated
(including any amendments, supplements, waivers or other modifications with
respect thereto), and such other documents or instruments as may be reasonably
requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender, including, without
limitation, a copy of any debt, any instrument, security agreement or other
material contract to which the Borrower or its Subsidiaries may be a party upon
the consummation of such Relevant Permitted Acquisition.
(c) Pro Forma Compliance. (i) The Borrower shall be in compliance,
--------------------
on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the Relevant Permitted Acquisition,
--- -----
with the covenants contained in Section 9.10 hereof recomputed as at the last
day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Company as if such Relevant
Permitted Acquisition had occurred on the first day of each relevant period for
testing such compliance, and the Borrower shall have delivered to the
Administrative Agent a certificate of a Responsible Officer to such effect,
together with all relevant financial information for such Subsidiary or assets,
and (ii) after giving effect to such transaction, any acquired or newly formed
Subsidiary shall not be liable for any Indebtedness (except for Indebtedness
permitted by Section 9.07 hereof).
(d) Subsidiary Guarantors. All actions required to be taken, if any,
---------------------
with respect to any acquired or newly formed Subsidiary in such Relevant
Permitted Acquisition under Section 9.16 hereof shall have been taken.
Section 8. Representations and Warranties. To induce the
------------------------------
Administrative Agent and each Lender to make the extensions of credit requested
to be made by it on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date and on each
borrowing date thereafter, each of the Company and the Borrower hereby
represents and warrants, on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, and on
every borrowing date thereafter, to the Administrative Agent and each Lender
that:
8.1 Corporate Existence. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries
-------------------
(including the Borrower): (a) is a corporation, partnership or other entity
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its organization; (b) has all requisite corporate or other
power, and has all material governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and
approvals necessary to own its assets and carry on its business as now being or
as proposed to be conducted; and (c) is qualified to do business and is in good
standing in all jurisdictions in which the nature of the business conducted by
it makes such qualification necessary and where failure so to qualify could
(either individually or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect.
<PAGE>
48
8.2 Financial Condition. (a) The Borrower has heretofore furnished
-------------------
to the Administrative Agent, with a copy for each Lender, the following:
(i) (x) the audited balance sheets of the Company and its
Consolidated Subsidiaries as at December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and the
related audited consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity
and cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended on said dates, together
with a true and correct copy of the report on such audited information by
Arthur Anderson LLP and (y) the unaudited balance sheet of the Company and
its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at June 30, 1999 and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders equity and cash flows
for the fiscal quarter ended on such date; and
(ii) (x) the audited balance sheet of Larkin as at February 28, 1999
and the related audited consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended on
said dates, together with a true and correct copy of the report on such
audited information by PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP and (y) the unaudited
balance sheet of Larkin as at April 30, 1999 and the related consolidated
statements of operations, stockholders equity and cash flows for the two-
month period ended on such date.
(b) All financial statements referred to in the preceding paragraph
(a) fairly present the financial condition of the respective entities as at the
respective dates, and the respective financial results of operations, as the
case may be, for the respective periods on said respective dates, all in
accordance with GAAP (subject, in the case of clauses (i)(y) and (ii)(y) above,
to normal year-end audit adjustments). Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date any material
contingent liabilities, liabilities for taxes, unusual forward or long-term
commitments or unrealized or anticipated losses from any unfavorable
commitments, except as referred to or reflected or provided for in said
financial statements as at said dates or as permitted hereby. Since December
31, 1998, there has been no material adverse change in the consolidated
financial condition, operations, business or prospects taken as a whole of the
Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries from that set forth in the relevant
financial statements described above as at said date. During the period from
February 28, 1999 through the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, there has
been no material adverse change in the consolidated financial condition,
operations, business or prospects of Larkin from that set forth in the relevant
financial statements described above as at said date.
(c) The pro forma balance sheet referred to in Section 7.01(n)(i) has
--- -----
been prepared based on the best information available to the Borrower as of the
date of delivery thereof, and presents fairly on a pro forma basis the estimated
--- -----
financial position of Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of, or for
the period ended, as applicable, June 30, 1999, after giving effect to the
Transactions.
8.3 Litigation. There are no legal or arbitral proceedings, or any
----------
proceedings by or before any governmental or regulatory authority or agency, now
pending or (to the knowledge of the Company or the Borrower) threatened against
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that, if adversely determined, could
(either individually or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect or
where there is a reasonable likelihood of determinations that will result
(either individually or in the aggregate) in liabilities to the Company and its
Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount (excluding, except where the Company and its
Subsidiaries have self-insured, liabilities for which creditworthy insurance
companies have acknowledged coverage) exceeding $4,000,000.
8.4 No Breach. None of the execution and delivery of this Agreement
---------
and any Notes and the other Loan Documents, the consummation of the transactions
herein and therein contemplated or compliance with the terms and provisions
hereof and thereof will conflict with or result in a breach of, or require any
consent under, the charter or by-laws of any Obligor, or any applicable law or
regulation, or
<PAGE>
49
any order, writ, injunction or decree of any court or governmental authority or
agency, or any agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their Property is
bound or to which any of them is subject, or constitute a default under any such
agreement or instrument, or (except for the Liens created pursuant to the
Security Documents) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any
Property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of any
such agreement or instrument.
8.5 Action. Each Obligor has all necessary corporate or partnership
------
power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations
under each of the Loan Documents to which it is a party; the execution, delivery
and performance by each Obligor of each of the Loan Documents to which it is a
party have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or partnership action
on its part (including, without limitation, any required shareholder approvals);
and this Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by each
Obligor and constitutes, and each of any Notes and the other Loan Documents to
which it is a party when executed and delivered by such Obligor (in the case of
any Notes, for value) will constitute, its legal, valid and binding obligation,
enforceable against each Obligor in accordance with its terms, except as such
enforceability may be limited by (a) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
moratorium or similar laws of general applicability affecting the enforcement of
creditors' rights and (b) the application of general principles of equity
(regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in
equity or at law).
8.6 Approvals. No authorizations, approvals or consents of, and no
---------
filings or registrations with, any governmental or regulatory authority or
agency, or any securities exchange, are necessary for the execution, delivery or
performance by any Obligor of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents
to which it is a party or for the legality, validity or enforceability hereof or
thereof, except for (a) consents, authorizations and filings in connection with
the Transactions or the Transaction Documents (i) which are required to be
obtained or made and are in full force and effect (each of which are listed on
Schedule IV) or (ii) which are not required to be obtained or made prior to
consummation of the Transactions and are listed on Schedule IV or (iii) which,
if not obtained or made, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect, (b) the filing of Uniform Commercial Code financing statements
and filings with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United
States Copyright Office to perfect the security interest that can be perfected
by such filings, (c) recordation of the Mortgages, (d) consents, authorizations
and filings in connection with enforcement of the Loan Documents and (e) as
contemplated by Section 7.01. No authorizations, approvals or consents of any
Person (other than any governmental or regulatory authority or agency, and other
than any securities exchange) are necessary for the execution, delivery or
performance by any Obligor of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents
to which it is a party or for the legality, validity or enforceability hereof or
thereof, except for authorizations, approvals or consents the failure of which
to be obtained could not have a Material Adverse Effect.
8.7 ERISA. Each Plan, and, to the knowledge of the Borrower, each
-----
Multiemployer Plan, is in compliance in all material respects with, and has been
administered in all material respects in compliance with, the applicable
provisions of ERISA, the Code and any other Federal or State law, and no event
or condition has occurred and is continuing as to which the Borrower would be
under an obligation to furnish a report to the Lenders under Section 9.01(e)
hereof.
8.8 Taxes. The Company and its Subsidiaries have filed all Federal
-----
income tax returns and all other material tax returns that are required to be
filed by them and have paid all taxes due pursuant to such returns or pursuant
to any assessment received by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The
charges, accruals and reserves on the books of the Company and its Subsidiaries
in respect of taxes and other governmental charges are, in the opinion of the
Company, adequate. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has given or
been requested to give a waiver of the statute of limitations relating to the
payment of any Federal, state, local and foreign taxes or other impositions.
<PAGE>
50
8.9 Investment Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its
----------------------
Subsidiaries is an "investment company", or a company "controlled" by an
"investment company", within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended.
8.10 Public Utility Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any
----------------------------------
of its Subsidiaries is a "holding company", or an "affiliate" of a "holding
company" or a "Subsidiary company" of a "holding company", within the meaning of
the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended.
8.11 Material Agreements and Liens; Ownership of Property; Insurance.
---------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Part A of Schedule I hereto is a complete and correct list of
each credit agreement, loan agreement, indenture, note purchase agreement,
guarantee, letter of credit or other arrangement providing for or otherwise
relating to any Indebtedness or any extension of credit (or commitment for any
extension of credit) to, or guarantee by, the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, that will be outstanding on the Amendment/Restatement Effective
Date, and the aggregate principal or face amount outstanding or that may become
outstanding under each such arrangement is correctly described in Part A of said
Schedule I.
(b) Part B of Schedule I hereto is a complete and correct list of
each Lien securing Indebtedness of any Person that will be outstanding on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, and covering any Property of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, and the aggregate Indebtedness secured (or that may
be secured) by each such Lien and the Property covered by each such Lien is
correctly described in Part B of said Schedule I.
(c) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has good record and
marketable title in fee simple to all its owned real property, and, as of the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, none of such property is subject to any
Lien except as described in Part B of Schedule I.
(d) As of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, the Borrower and
its Subsidiaries will have insurance with financially sound and reputable
insurance companies, and with respect to Property and risks of a character
usually maintained by corporations or other entities engaged in the same or
similar business similarly situated, against loss, damage and liability of the
kinds and in the amounts customarily maintained by such corporations or
entities.
8.12 Environmental Matters. (a) Each of the Borrower and its
---------------------
Subsidiaries has obtained all environmental, health and safety permits, licenses
and other authorizations required under all Environmental Laws to carry on their
respective businesses as now being or as proposed to be conducted, except to the
extent failure to have any such permit, license or authorization would not
(either individually or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Each of such permits, licenses and authorizations is in full
force and effect and each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is in compliance
with the terms and conditions thereof, and is also in compliance with all other
limitations, restrictions, conditions, standards, prohibitions, requirements,
obligations, schedules and timetables contained in any applicable Environmental
Law or in any regulation, code, plan, order, decree, judgment, injunction,
notice or demand letter issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder,
except to the extent failure to comply therewith would not (either individually
or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect.
<PAGE>
51
(c) No notice, notification, demand, request for information,
citation, summons or order has been issued, no complaint has been filed, no
penalty has been assessed and no investigation or review is pending or
threatened by any governmental or other entity with respect to any alleged
failure by any of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to have any
environmental, health or safety permit, license or other authorization required
under any Environmental Law in connection with the conduct of the business of
any of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or with respect to any
generation, treatment, storage, recycling, transportation, discharge or
disposal, or any Release of any Hazardous Materials generated by any of the
Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case except as to matters that
would not (either individually or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse
Effect.
(d) There have been no environmental investigations, studies, audits,
tests, reviews or other analyses conducted by or that are in the possession of
any of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in relation to any site or
facility now or previously owned, operated or leased by the Borrower or any of
its Subsidiaries, that have not been made available to the Lenders.
(e) There is not a reasonable likelihood of any Environmental
Liabilities (as defined below) that would require payments or expenditures by
the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, either individually or in the aggregate, in
excess of $2,500,000. For purposes of this paragraph (e), "Environmental
Liability" shall mean any liability for investigatory costs, cleanup costs,
governmental response costs, damages to natural resources or other Property,
personal injuries, fines or penalties arising out of, based on or resulting from
(i) the presence, or Release into the environment, of any Hazardous Material at
any location, whether or not owned by such Person, or (ii) circumstances forming
the basis of any violation, or alleged violation, of any Environmental Law. The
term "Environmental Liability" shall include, without limitation, any liability
for enforcement, cleanup, removal, response, remedial or other actions or
damages pursuant to any applicable Environmental Law, and any claim by any third
party seeking damages, contribution, indemnification, cost recovery,
compensation or injunctive relief resulting from the presence of Hazardous
Materials or arising from alleged injury or threat of injury to health, safety
or the environment.
8.13 Capitalization.
--------------
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company will consist, on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, of 40,000,000 shares of common stock, par
value $.01 per share, of which 33,630,000 shares will be duly and validly issued
and outstanding, each of which shares will be fully paid and nonassessable. As
of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date all shares of such issued and
outstanding shares of common stock will be owned beneficially and of record by
H&F Affiliated Parties. As of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, except
as described in Part A of Schedule I hereto, (x) there will be no outstanding
Equity Rights with respect to the Company and (y) there will be no outstanding
obligations of the Company or the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to
repurchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the
Company nor will there be any outstanding obligations of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries to make payments to any Person, such as "phantom stock"
payments, where the amount thereof is calculated with reference to the fair
market value or equity value of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b) The authorized capital stock of the Borrower will consist, on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, of an aggregate of 1,500,000 shares of
common stock, par value $.01 per share, of which 1,000,000 shares will be duly
and validly issued and outstanding, each of which shares will be fully paid and
nonassessable.
<PAGE>
52
8.14 Subsidiaries, Etc.
------------------
(a) Set forth in Schedule II hereto is a complete and correct list of
all of the Subsidiaries of the Company as of the Amendment/Restatement Effective
Date, together with, for each such Subsidiary, (i) the jurisdiction of
organization of such Subsidiary, (ii) each Person holding ownership interests in
such Subsidiary and (iii) the nature of the ownership interests held by each
such Person and the percentage of ownership of such Subsidiary represented by
such ownership interests. Except as disclosed in Schedule II hereto, as of the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, (x) each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries owns, free and clear of Liens (other than Liens created pursuant to
the Security Documents), and has the unencumbered right to vote, all outstanding
ownership interests in each Person shown to be held by it in Schedule II hereto,
(y) all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Person
organized as a corporation is validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and
(z) there are no outstanding Equity Rights with respect to such Person.
(b) The financial statements referred to in Section 8.02(a)(i) and
(ii) hereof contain a complete and correct list of all Investments (other than
Investments disclosed in Schedule II hereto) held by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries in any Person on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date.
(c) None of the Subsidiaries of the Company is, on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, subject to any indenture, agreement,
instrument or other arrangement of the type described in Section 9.16(c) hereof.
8.15 True and Complete Disclosure. The information, reports,
----------------------------
financial statements, exhibits and schedules furnished in writing by or on
behalf of the Obligors to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in connection
with the negotiation, preparation or delivery of this Agreement and the other
Loan Documents or included herein or therein or delivered pursuant hereto or
thereto, when taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of material
fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements herein
or therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading. All written information furnished after the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date by the Company and its Subsidiaries to the Administrative Agent
and the Lenders in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents
and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will be true, complete and
accurate in every material respect, or (in the case of projections) based on
reasonable estimates, on the date as of which such information is stated or
certified. There is no fact known to the Borrower or the Company that could
have a Material Adverse Effect that has not been disclosed herein, in the other
Loan Documents or in a report, financial statement, exhibit, schedule,
disclosure letter or other writing furnished to the Lenders for use in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
8.16 Transaction Documents. Each Transaction Document has been duly
---------------------
executed and delivered by each party thereto and is in full force and effect.
The Company has good title to all the capital stock of the Borrower, and the
Borrower has good title to all the capital stock of its Subsidiaries, in each
case free and clear of all Liens (other than Liens described in Section 9.06
hereof).
8.17 Regulation H. To the extent available, the Borrower has
------------
obtained for all Mortgaged Properties which are located in a "flood hazard
area", as designated in any Flood Insurance Rate Map published by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency, flood insurance in such total amount as the
Administrative Agent has from time to time reasonably required.
8.18 Security Documents. (a) The Security Agreement is effective to
------------------
create in favor of the Administrative Agent, for the ratable benefit of the
Lenders, a legal, valid and enforceable security interest in all the respective
Collateral (as described therein) and proceeds thereof and, upon completion of
<PAGE>
53
the filings and other actions specified therein, the Security Agreement shall
constitute fully perfected, first priority Liens on, and security interests in,
all right, title and interest of each Obligor party thereto in the respective
Collateral described therein and in proceeds thereof superior in right to any
other Person other than Liens permitted hereby.
(b)(i) The properties listed on Schedule III constitute all material
real properties owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries as of the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date. The Mortgages constitute a fully
perfected, first priority Lien on, and security interest in, all right, title
and interest of the Loan Parties in the properties described therein and the
proceeds thereof, in favor of the Administrative Agent, for the ratable benefit
of the Lenders, superior in right to any other Person other than Liens permitted
hereby.
8.19 Intellectual Property Rights. The Borrower and its Subsidiaries
----------------------------
have all right, title and interest in, or a valid and binding license to use,
the Intellectual Property (as defined below) disclosed in Schedule V hereto,
which represents all Intellectual Property individually or in the aggregate
material to the conduct of the businesses of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries
taken as a whole on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date. Except as
disclosed in Schedule V hereto, (i) the Borrower or a Subsidiary has the
exclusive right to use the Intellectual Property disclosed in Schedule V hereto
in perpetuity and without payment of royalties, (ii) all registrations with and
applications to Governmental or Regulatory Authorities in respect of such
Intellectual Property are valid and in full force and effect and are not subject
to the payment of any taxes or maintenance fees or the taking of any other
actions by the Borrower or a Subsidiary to maintain their validity or
effectiveness, and (iii) there are no restrictions on the direct or indirect
transfer of any Contractual Obligation, or any interest therein, held by the
Borrower or any Subsidiary in respect of such Intellectual Property. Neither
the Borrower nor any Subsidiary of the Borrower is in material default (or with
the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, would be in material default)
under any license to use such Intellectual Property, such Intellectual Property
is not being materially infringed by any third party, and neither the Borrower
nor any Subsidiary of the Borrower is infringing any Intellectual Property of
any third party. For purposes of this Section 8.19, "Intellectual Property"
---------------------
means patents and patent rights, trademarks and trademark rights, trade names
and trade name rights, service marks and service mark rights, service names and
service name rights, copyrights and copyright rights and related intellectual
property rights and all pending applications for and registrations of any of the
foregoing.
8.20 Federal Regulations. No part of the proceeds of any Loans will
-------------------
be used for "purchasing" or "carrying" any "margin stock" within the respective
meanings of each of the quoted terms under Regulation U of the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System as now and from time to time hereafter
in effect.
8.21 Year 2000 Matters. To the extent that the failure to do so
-----------------
could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (a) any
reprogramming required to permit the proper functioning (but only to the extent
that such proper functioning would otherwise be impaired by the occurrence of
the year 2000) in and following the year 2000 of computer systems and other
equipment containing embedded microchips, in either case owned or operated by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or used or relied upon in the conduct of
their business (including any such systems and other equipment supplied by
others or with which the computer systems of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries interface and which are material to the conduct, in the ordinary
course, of business of the Company or any Subsidiary), and (b) the testing of
all such systems and other equipment as so reprogrammed, will be completed by
December 31, 1999. The costs to the Company and its Subsidiaries that have not
been incurred as of the date hereof for such reprogramming and testing and for
the other reasonably foreseeable consequences to them of any improper
functioning of other computer systems and equipment containing embedded
microchips due to the occurrence of the year 2000 could not reasonably
<PAGE>
54
be expected to result in a Default or Event of Default or to have a Material
Adverse Effect. Except for any reprogramming referred to above, the computer
systems of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and, with ordinary course
upgrading and maintenance, will continue for the term of this Agreement to be,
reasonably sufficient for the conduct of their business as currently conducted.
Section 9. Covenants of the Borrower and the Company. Each of the
-----------------------------------------
Company and the Borrower hereby agrees that, so long as the Revolving Credit
Commitments remain in effect, and thereafter until payment in full of the Loans,
all Letter of Credit Liabilities and any other amount then due and owing to any
Lender or the Administrative Agent hereunder and under any Note and termination
or expiration of all Letters of Credit:
9.1 Financial Statements Etc. The Borrower shall deliver to each of
-------------------------
the Lenders:
(a) as soon as available and in any event within 45 days after the
end of each quarterly fiscal period of each fiscal year of the Company,
consolidated and consolidating statements of operations, stockholders'
equity and cash flows of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for
such period and for the period from the beginning of the respective fiscal
year to the end of such period, and the related consolidated and
consolidating balance sheets of the Company and its Consolidated
Subsidiaries as at the end of such period, setting forth in each case in
comparative form the corresponding consolidated and consolidating figures
for the corresponding periods in the preceding fiscal year (except that, in
the case of balance sheets, such comparison shall be to the last day of the
prior fiscal year), accompanied by a certificate of a Responsible Officer
of the Company which certificate shall state that said consolidated
financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial condition
and results of operations of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries,
and said consolidating financial statements fairly present the respective
individual unconsolidated financial condition and results of operations of
the Company and of each of its Consolidated Subsidiaries, in each case in
accordance with GAAP, as at the end of, and for, such period (subject to
normal year-end audit adjustments);
(b) as soon as available and in any event within 90 days after the
end of each fiscal year of the Company, consolidated and consolidating
statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows of the
Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for such fiscal year and the
related consolidated and consolidating balance sheets of the Company and
its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year, setting
forth in each case in comparative form the corresponding consolidated and
consolidating figures for the preceding fiscal year, and accompanied (i) in
the case of said consolidated statements and balance sheet of the Company,
by an opinion thereon of independent certified public accountants of
recognized national standing, which opinion shall state that said
consolidated financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial
condition and results of operations of the Company and its Consolidated
Subsidiaries as at the end of, and for, such fiscal year in accordance with
GAAP, and a statement of such accountants setting forth calculations
demonstrating whether the Company was in compliance with Section 9.10
hereof, insofar as such Section relates to accounting matters, and (ii) in
the case of said consolidating statements and balance sheets, by a
certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Company, which certificate
shall state that said consolidating financial statements fairly present the
respective individual unconsolidated financial condition and results of
operations of the Company and of each of its Consolidated Subsidiaries, in
each case in accordance with GAAP, as at the end of, and for, such fiscal
year;
(c) promptly upon their becoming available, copies of all
registration statements and regular periodic reports, if any, that the
Company and any of its Subsidiaries shall have filed with
<PAGE>
55
the Securities and Exchange Commission (or any governmental agency
substituted therefor) or any national securities exchange;
(d) if the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of
the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 as amended, promptly upon the
mailing thereof to any public security holders of the Company and any of
its Subsidiaries generally, copies of all financial statements, reports and
proxy statements so mailed;
(e) as soon as possible, and in any event within 30 days after the
Borrower knows or has reason to believe that any of the events or
conditions specified below with respect to any Plan or Multiemployer Plan
has occurred or exists, a statement signed by a Responsible Officer of the
Borrower setting forth details respecting such event or condition and the
action, if any, that the Company or its ERISA Affiliate proposes to take
with respect thereto (and a copy of any report or notice required to be
filed with or given to the PBGC by the Company or an ERISA Affiliate with
respect to such event or condition):
(i) any reportable event, as defined in Section 4043(b) of
ERISA and the regulations issued thereunder, with respect to a Plan,
as to which the PBGC has not by regulation waived the requirement of
Section 4043(a) of ERISA that it be notified within 30 days of the
occurrence of such event (provided that a failure to meet the minimum
--------
funding standard of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA,
including, without limitation, the failure to make on or before its
due date a required installment under Section 412(m) of the Code or
Section 302(e) of ERISA, shall be a reportable event regardless of the
issuance of any waivers in accordance with Section 412(d) of the
Code); and any request for a waiver under Section 412(d) of the Code
for any Plan;
(ii) the distribution under Section 4041 of ERISA of a
notice of intent to terminate any Plan or any action taken by the
Company or an ERISA Affiliate to terminate any Plan;
(iii) the institution by the PBGC of proceedings under
Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a
trustee to administer, any Plan, or the receipt by the Company or any
ERISA Affiliate of a notice from a Multiemployer Plan that such action
has been taken by the PBGC with respect to such Multiemployer Plan;
(iv) the complete or partial withdrawal from a
Multiemployer Plan by the Company or any ERISA Affiliate that results
in liability under Section 4201 or 4204 of ERISA (including the
obligation to satisfy secondary liability as a result of a purchaser
default) or the receipt by the Company or any ERISA Affiliate of
notice from a Multiemployer Plan that it is in reorganization or
insolvency pursuant to Section 4241 or 4245 of ERISA or that it
intends to terminate or has terminated under Section 4041A of ERISA;
(v) the institution of a proceeding by a fiduciary of any
Multiemployer Plan against the Company or any ERISA Affiliate to
enforce Section 515 of ERISA, which proceeding is not dismissed within
30 days; and
(vi) the adoption of an amendment to any Plan that,
pursuant to Section 401(a)(29) of the Code or Section 307 of ERISA,
would result in the loss of tax-exempt status of the trust of which
such Plan is a part if the Company or an ERISA Affiliate fails to
timely provide security to the Plan in accordance with the provisions
of said Sections;
<PAGE>
56
(f) promptly after the Borrower knows or has reason to believe that
any Default has occurred, a notice of such Default describing the same in
reasonable detail and, together with such notice or as soon thereafter as
possible, a description of the action that the Borrower has taken or
proposes to take with respect thereto; and
(g) from time to time such other information regarding the financial
condition, operations, business or prospects of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, any Plan or Multiemployer Plan
and any reports or other information required to be filed under ERISA) as
any Lender or the Administrative Agent may reasonably request.
The Borrower will furnish to each Lender, at the time it furnishes each set of
financial statements pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) above, a certificate of a
Responsible Officer of the Borrower (i) to the effect that, to the best
knowledge of such financial officer, no Default has occurred and is continuing
(or, if any Default has occurred and is continuing, describing the same in
reasonable detail and describing the action that the Borrower has taken or
proposes to take with respect thereto) and (ii) setting forth in reasonable
detail the computations necessary to determine whether the Borrower is in
compliance with Sections 9.07, 9.09, 9.10 and 9.11 hereof as of the end of the
respective quarterly fiscal period or fiscal year.
9.2 Litigation. The Borrower will promptly give to each Lender
----------
notice of all legal or arbitral proceedings, and of all proceedings by or before
any governmental or regulatory authority or agency, and any material development
in respect of such legal or other proceedings, affecting the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, except proceedings that, if adversely determined, would not
(either individually or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrower will give to each
Lender notice of the assertion of any Environmental Claim by any Person against,
or with respect to the activities of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and
notice of any alleged violation of or non-compliance with any Environmental Laws
or any permits, licenses or authorizations, other than any Environmental Claim
or alleged violation that, if adversely determined, would not (either
individually or in the aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect.
9.3 Existence, Etc. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its
---------------
Subsidiaries to:
(a) preserve and maintain its legal existence and all of its material
rights, privileges, licenses and franchises (provided that nothing in this
--------
Section 9.03 shall prohibit any transaction expressly permitted under
Section 9.05 hereof);
(b) comply with the requirements of all applicable laws, rules,
regulations and orders of governmental or regulatory authorities if failure
to comply with such requirements could (either individually or in the
aggregate) have a Material Adverse Effect;
(c) pay and discharge all taxes, assessments and governmental charges
or levies imposed on it or on its income or profits or on any of its
Property prior to the date on which penalties attach thereto, except for
any such tax, assessment, charge or levy the payment of which is being
contested in good faith and by proper proceedings and (unless the amount
thereof is not material) against which adequate reserves are being
maintained;
(d) maintain all of its Properties used or materially useful in its
business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear
excepted;
(e) keep adequate records and books of account, in which complete
entries will be made in accordance with GAAP; and
<PAGE>
57
(f) permit representatives of any Lender or the Administrative Agent,
during normal business hours, to examine, copy and make extracts from its
books and records, to inspect any of its Properties, and to discuss its
business and affairs with its officers and accountants, all to the extent
reasonably requested by such Lender or the Administrative Agent (as the
case may be).
9.4 Insurance. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its
---------
Subsidiaries to maintain insurance with financially sound and reputable
insurance companies, and with respect to Property and risks of a character
usually maintained by corporations or other entities engaged in the same or
similar business similarly situated, against loss, damage and liability of the
kinds and in the amounts customarily maintained by such corporations or
entities; and furnish to each Lender, upon written request, full information as
to the insurance carried.
9.5 Prohibition of Fundamental Changes. (a) The Borrower will not,
----------------------------------
nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into any transaction of
merger or consolidation or amalgamation, or liquidate, wind up or dissolve
itself (or suffer any liquidation or dissolution).
(b) The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, acquire any business or Property from, or capital stock of, or be a party to
any acquisition of, any Person except for purchases of inventory and other
Property to be sold or used in the ordinary course of business and transactions
expressly permitted by Section 9.08 hereof.
(c) The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, convey, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of, in one transaction or
a series of transactions, any part of its business or Property, whether now
owned or hereafter acquired (including, without limitation, receivables and
leasehold interests, but excluding (i) obsolete or worn-out Property, tools or
equipment no longer used or useful in its business or other Property that has
been transferred as a result of a Casualty Event, (ii) other assets (including
publications) so long as the aggregate consideration received by the Borrower
and its Subsidiaries for all assets so sold or disposed of since the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date pursuant to this clause (c)(ii) shall not
exceed $40,000,000 and (iii) any inventory or other Property sold or disposed of
in the ordinary course of business and on ordinary business terms).
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 9.05:
(x) any Subsidiary of the Borrower may be merged or consolidated with
or into: (1) the Borrower if the Borrower shall be the continuing or
surviving corporation or (2) any such other Subsidiary; provided that if
--------
any such transaction shall be between a Subsidiary and a Wholly Owned
Subsidiary, the Wholly Owned Subsidiary shall be the continuing or
surviving corporation;
(y) any Subsidiary of the Borrower may sell, lease, transfer or
otherwise dispose of any or all of its Property (upon voluntary liquidation
or otherwise) to the Borrower or a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the Borrower;
provided that if any such sale is by a Subsidiary Guarantor to a Subsidiary
--------
of the Borrower that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor, then such Subsidiary
shall have assumed all of the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor
hereunder and under the other Loan Documents; and
(z) a Permitted Acquisition may be effected pursuant to a transaction
of merger, consolidation or amalgamation with the entity being acquired,
subject to the applicable requirements of the definition of "Permitted
Acquisition".
<PAGE>
58
9.6 Limitation on Liens. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit
-------------------
any of its Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien
upon any of its Property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except:
(a) Liens created pursuant to the Security Documents;
(b) Liens in existence on the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date
and listed in Part B of Schedule I hereto (excluding, however, following
the making of the initial Loans hereunder, Liens securing Indebtedness to
be repaid with the proceeds of such Loans, as indicated on said Schedule
I);
(c) Liens imposed by any governmental authority for taxes,
assessments or charges not yet due or that are being contested in good
faith and by appropriate proceedings if, unless the amount thereof is not
material with respect to it or its financial condition, adequate reserves
with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Borrower or the
affected Subsidiaries, as the case may be, in accordance with GAAP;
(d) carriers', warehousemen's, mechanics', materialmen's,
repairmen's, banker's or other like Liens, and rights of set-off, arising
in the ordinary course of business that are not overdue for a period of
more than 30 days or that are being contested in good faith and by
appropriate proceedings and Liens securing judgments but only to the extent
for an amount and for a period not resulting in an Event of Default under
Section 10(h) hereof;
(e) pledges or deposits under worker's compensation, unemployment
insurance and other social security legislation;
(f) deposits to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts
(other than for Indebtedness), leases, statutory obligations, surety and
appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature
incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(g) easements, rights-of-way, restrictions and other similar
encumbrances incurred in the ordinary course of business and encumbrances
consisting of zoning restrictions, easements, licenses, restrictions on the
use of Property or minor imperfections in title thereto that, in the
aggregate, are not material in amount, and that do not in any case
materially detract from the value of the Property subject thereto or
interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Borrower or any
of its Subsidiaries;
(h) Liens on Property of any corporation that becomes a Subsidiary of
the Borrower after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, provided that
--------
such Liens are in existence at the time such corporation becomes a
Subsidiary of the Borrower and were not created in anticipation thereof;
(i) Liens upon real and/or tangible personal Property acquired after
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date (by purchase, construction or
otherwise) by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, each of which Liens
either (A) existed on such Property before the time of its acquisition and
was not created in anticipation thereof or (B) was created solely for the
purpose of securing Indebtedness representing, or incurred to finance,
refinance or refund, the cost (including the cost of construction) of such
Property; provided that (i) no such Lien shall extend to or cover any
--------
Property of the Borrower or such Subsidiary other than the Property so
acquired and improvements thereon and (ii) the principal amount of
Indebtedness secured by any such Lien shall at no time exceed 80% of the
fair market value (as determined in good faith by a Responsible
<PAGE>
59
Officer of the Borrower) of such Property at the time it was acquired (by
purchase, construction or otherwise); and
(j) additional Liens upon real and/or personal Property created after
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, provided that the aggregate
--------
Indebtedness secured thereby and incurred on and after the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date shall be permitted under Section
9.07(d) and shall not exceed $2,000,000 in the aggregate at any one time
outstanding.
9.7 Indebtedness. Neither the Company nor the Borrower will, nor
------------
will it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, incur or suffer to exist any
Indebtedness except:
(a) Indebtedness to the Lenders hereunder;
(b) Indebtedness outstanding on the Amendment/Restatement Effective
Date and listed in Part A of Schedule I hereto;
(c) (i) Indebtedness of Domestic Subsidiaries of the Borrower to the
Borrower or to other Subsidiaries of the Borrower and (ii) Indebtedness of
Foreign Subsidiaries to the Borrower or to other Subsidiaries in an
aggregate principal amount not to exceed $20,000,000 at any one time
outstanding to the extent that the related Investment by the Borrower or
such other Subsidiaries is permitted under Section 9.08(f) hereof;
(d) additional Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries
(including, without limitation, (i) Capital Lease Obligations and other
Indebtedness secured by Liens permitted under Sections 9.06(i) or 9.06(j)
hereof and (ii) Indebtedness which is assumed in connection with the
Permitted Acquisitions, but excluding Guarantees permitted under Section
9.07(f) hereof) up to but not exceeding $20,000,000 at any one time
outstanding;
(e) loans and advances from the Borrower to the Company the proceeds
of which are applied to repurchase membership interests in AHI Advanstar
L.L.C. from an employee pursuant to the operating agreement of AHI
Advanstar L.L.C., provided that the aggregate amount of such loans and
--------
advances, when added to the amount of cash dividends made pursuant to
Section 9.09(c) hereof, shall not exceed the limitations set forth in the
proviso to Section 9.09(c) hereof;
-------
(f) Guarantees made by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of
obligations of any Subsidiary of the Company otherwise permitted hereby;
and
(g) subordinated Indebtedness of the Borrower and subordinated
Guarantees of the Guarantors in respect of the Senior Subordinated Notes,
provided, that additional Senior Subordinated Notes may not be issued after
--------
the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date unless (i) prior to the issuance
thereof, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing, (ii) after giving pro forma effect to such issuance, (x) no
--- -----
Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and (y)
the Total Leverage Ratio shall not exceed 6.00 to 1.00 (with the covenants
contained in Section 9.10 hereof, and the Total Leverage Ratio, computed as
at the last day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Company
and, where applicable, as if such issuance had occurred on the first day of
each relevant period for testing such compliance) and (iii) the Borrower
shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent a certificate of a
Responsible Officer certifying as to the matters specified in clauses (i)
and (ii) above, together with copies of all documentation entered into by
the Borrower or any Guarantor in connection with such issuance.
<PAGE>
60
9.8 Investments. Neither the Company nor the Borrower will, nor will
-----------
it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make or permit to remain outstanding any
Investments except:
(a) Investments outstanding on the Amendment/Restatement Effective
Date and listed in Part A of Schedule I hereto;
(b) operating deposit accounts with banks;
(c) Permitted Investments;
(d) Investments by the Company in the Borrower or in AHI Advanstar
L.L.C. pursuant to Section 9.07(e) hereof;
(e) Investments by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in the Borrower
and its Domestic Subsidiaries;
(f) Investments by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (in addition to
the Investments permitted pursuant to Section 9.08(i) hereof) in any
Foreign Subsidiaries, provided that, the aggregate amount outstanding of
--------
Investments made by the Borrower and its Domestic Subsidiaries under this
Section 9.08(f) since the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date shall not
exceed $20,000,000;
(g) Interest Rate Protection Agreements entered into as bona fide
---- ----
hedges and not for speculative purposes or to reverse the effects of any
Interest Rate Protection Agreements entered into as required by Section
9.12 hereof;
(h) loans and advances to employees of the Borrower or any of its
Subsidiaries (including for travel, entertainment and relocation expenses
in the ordinary course of business) in an aggregate principal amount
outstanding at any one time not to exceed $5,000,000 and loans and advances
described in clause (i) of Section 9.09(c) hereof;
(i) Permitted Acquisitions;
(j) Investments in obligations of any purchaser of Property from the
Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in a Disposition permitted pursuant to
Section 9.05 hereof; provided that, except in the case of Dispositions in
--------
which the gross sales price (whether paid in the form of cash or otherwise)
is less than $1,000,000, the aggregate principal amount of such obligations
created in respect of any Disposition shall not exceed 20% of the gross
sales price received by the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries in such
Disposition;
(k) Investments consisting of transactions expressly permitted by
clause (x) or (y) of Section 9.05 hereof;
(l) Investments consisting of Guarantees constituting Indebtedness
expressly permitted by Section 9.07 hereof or constituting obligations
expressly excluded from the definition of "Indebtedness" pursuant to clause
(i), (ii) or (iii) of such definition; and
(m) Investments in Subsidiaries not otherwise permitted by this
Section 9.08 and Investments in joint ventures (including business
associations and corporate joint ventures, but excluding Investments made
prior to the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date in the ventures referred
to in Section 9.16(d) hereof), provided that the aggregate amount
--------
outstanding of such
<PAGE>
61
Investments made since the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date shall not
exceed $30,000,000.
9.9 Dividend Payments. Neither the Borrower nor the Company will,
-----------------
nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, declare or make any Dividend
Payment at any time, provided that:
--------
(a) any Subsidiary of the Borrower may pay dividends to the Borrower
or to any Domestic Subsidiary of the Borrower;
(b) the Borrower may pay cash dividends to the Company, to pay (i)
any salaries to any employees or customary directors fees or (ii) any taxes
and costs of maintaining its existence and managing its ownership of the
Borrower in the ordinary course of business so long as that any such taxes
or other costs are paid no later than fifteen Business Days after the date
on which the relevant dividend is made; and
(c) the Borrower may pay cash dividends to the Company, (i) to pay
any participant in any incentive compensation plans, employment agreements
and employment benefit plans established in the ordinary course of business
an amount in cash as may be negotiated in return for such participant's
relinquishment and waiver of all rights under such plan or agreement, or to
make loans or advances to employees to finance the exercise of stock
options granted pursuant to any such plan or agreement, (ii) to repurchase
shares of common stock from employees (and their permitted transferees)
pursuant to any of its stock repurchase plans or (iii) to repurchase
membership interests in AHI Advanstar L.L.C. from an employee pursuant to
the operating agreement of AHI Advanstar L.L.C.; provided, that (x) the
--------
aggregate amount of such dividends paid shall not exceed $5,000,000 in any
twelve-month period or $10,000,000 after the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date; and (y) no Event of Default shall have then occurred and be
continuing or would result therefrom, provided, that clause (y) of this
--------
Section 9.09(c) shall not prohibit any transaction otherwise permitted
under this Section 9.09(c) that is consummated within 60 days of the date
of declaration or the making of any binding commitment in respect of any
such transaction if at said date of declaration or commitment no Event of
Default shall have then occurred and be continuing or would result
therefrom.
<PAGE>
62
9.10 Certain Financial Covenants.
---------------------------
(a) Total Leverage Ratio. The Company will not permit the Total
--------------------
Leverage Ratio to exceed the following respective ratios at any time within the
following respective periods:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period Ratio
------ -----
<S> <C>
From and including Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date through December 30, 1999 6.50 to 1.00
From and including December 31, 1999
through December 30, 2000 5.75 to 1.00
From and including December 31, 2000
through December 30, 2001 5.25 to 1.00
From and including December 31, 2001
through December 30, 2002 4.50 to 1.00
From and including December 31, 2002
and at all times thereafter 4.00 to 1.00
</TABLE>
(b) Fixed Charges Coverage Ratio. The Company will not permit the
----------------------------
Fixed Charges Coverage Ratio to be less than the following respective ratios as
of the last day of any fiscal quarter occurring during the following respective
periods:
Period Ratio
------ -----
From and including the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date through December 30, 1999 1.05 to 1.00
From and including December 31, 1999
and at all times thereafter 1.10 to 1.00
9.11 Certain Net Available Proceeds. The Company will contribute, or
------------------------------
will cause to be contributed, the Net Available Proceeds of any Equity Issuance
on or after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date to the Borrower within two
Business Days after the Company or the relevant Subsidiary receives such Net
Available Proceeds.
9.12 Interest Rate Protection Agreements. The Borrower will within
-----------------------------------
60 days of the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date enter into, and thereafter
maintain in full force and effect one or more Interest Rate Protection
Agreements with one or more of the Lenders providing for interest rate
protection on terms reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent to the
extent necessary to provide that at least 50% of the aggregate principal amount
of the Senior Subordinated Notes and the Term Loans outstanding on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date will be subject to either a fixed interest
rate or such interest rate protection for a period of at least three years
measured from the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date.
9.13 Lines of Business. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit
-----------------
any of its Subsidiaries to, alter its line or lines of business activity if as a
result thereof the Borrower and its Subsidiaries would
<PAGE>
63
not be predominantly engaged in the business of publishing through print and
electronic media trade and business magazines, operating trade and business
expositions and conferences and providing trade-related marketing and
information services.
9.14 Transactions with Affiliates. Except as expressly permitted by
----------------------------
this Agreement, the Borrower will not, nor will it permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly: (a) make any Investment in an
Affiliate; (b) transfer, sell, lease, assign or otherwise dispose of any
Property to an Affiliate; (c) merge into or consolidate with or purchase or
acquire Property from an Affiliate; or (d) enter into any other transaction
directly or indirectly with or for the benefit of an Affiliate (including,
without limitation, Guarantees and assumptions of obligations of an Affiliate);
provided that (x) any Affiliate who is an individual may serve as a director,
- --------
officer or employee of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and receive
reasonable compensation for his or her services in such capacity and (y) the
Borrower and its Subsidiaries may enter into transactions (other than extensions
of credit by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to an Affiliate) providing
for the leasing of Property, the rendering or receipt of services or the
purchase or sale of inventory and other Property in the ordinary course of
business if the monetary or business consideration arising therefrom would be
substantially as advantageous to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as the
monetary or business consideration that would be obtained in a comparable
transaction with a Person not an Affiliate.
9.15 Use of Proceeds. The proceeds of the Revolving Credit Loans
---------------
hereunder shall be used by the Borrower to finance the operations of the
Borrower and the Subsidiary Guarantors, to finance Permitted Acquisitions and
for other general business purposes, in each case in compliance with all
applicable legal and regulatory requirements. The Tranche C Term Loans shall be
used to finance the Transactions.
9.16 Certain Obligations Respecting Domestic Subsidiaries.
----------------------------------------------------
(a) Subsidiary Guarantors. In the event that the Borrower or any of
---------------------
its Subsidiaries shall form or acquire any new Domestic Subsidiary, the Borrower
will cause each such new Subsidiary, promptly upon such creation or acquisition,
to become a "Subsidiary Guarantor" (and, thereby, an "Obligor") hereunder and to
pledge and grant a security interest in its Property pursuant to the Security
Agreement to the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders, pursuant
to a written instrument in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative
Agent (it being acknowledged and agreed that an instrument in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit H hereto shall satisfy this requirement) and to deliver such
proof of corporate or partnership action, incumbency of officers, opinions of
counsel and other documents as is consistent with those delivered by each
"Obligor" pursuant to Section 7.01 hereof upon the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date or as the Administrative Agent shall have requested. The
Borrower shall, or shall cause the Subsidiary of the Borrower which holds the
Capital Stock of such new Subsidiary to, execute and deliver an instrument in
form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent (it being
acknowledged and agreed that an instrument in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit H hereto shall satisfy this requirement) providing for the pledge of
100% of the issued and outstanding Capital Stock of each new Subsidiary of the
Borrower (or, in the case of a Permitted Acquisition pursuant to which the
Borrower acquires, directly or indirectly, less than 100% of each class of
Equity Interests of the new Subsidiary, all of the issued and outstanding
Capital Stock of the new Subsidiary owned by the Borrower or any Subsidiary)
created or acquired after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date (including a
Foreign Subsidiary, except to the extent that the Administrative Agent, in its
reasonable judgment determining that the transaction costs, regulating burdens
and operation restrictions resulting from such pledge are not justified by the
value of the Capital Stock to be pledged, provided, that in no event shall
--------
Capital Stock representing more than 65% of the voting power of the Capital
Stock of any such new Foreign Subsidiary be so pledged) to the Administrative
Agent for the benefit of the Lenders, and the Borrower shall deliver to the
Administrative Agent the stock certificates
<PAGE>
64
evidencing such Capital Stock together with undated stock powers for each such
certificate, duly executed in blank.
(b) Ownership of Subsidiaries. Each of the Company and the Borrower
-------------------------
will, and will cause each of its respective Subsidiaries to, take such action
from time to time as shall be necessary to ensure that the Company, the Borrower
and each of its respective Subsidiaries at all times owns (subject only to the
Lien of the Security Agreement) at least the same percentage of the issued and
outstanding shares of each class of stock (or the same percentage of ownership
interests) of each of its respective Subsidiaries as is owned on the
Amendment/Restatement Effective Date or, if later, the date of acquisition of
such Subsidiary. In the event that any additional shares of stock shall be
issued by any Subsidiary, the respective Obligor agrees forthwith to deliver to
the Administrative Agent pursuant to the Security Agreement the certificates
evidencing such shares of stock, accompanied by undated stock powers executed in
blank and to take such other action as the Administrative Agent shall request to
perfect the security interest created therein pursuant to the Security
Agreement.
(c) Certain Restrictions. The Borrower will not permit any of its
--------------------
Subsidiaries to enter into, after the Amendment/Restatement Effective Date, any
indenture, agreement, instrument or other arrangement that, directly or
indirectly, prohibits or restrains, or has the effect of prohibiting or
restraining, or imposes materially adverse conditions upon, the incurrence or
payment of Indebtedness, the granting of Liens, the declaration or payment of
dividends, the making of loans, advances or Investments or the sale, assignment,
transfer or other disposition of Property other than any such prohibition or
restraint on the granting of Lien or on the sale, assignment, transfer of
disposition of Property in (a) any industrial revenue bonds, purchase money
mortgages or Capital Lease Obligations permitted by this Agreement and the other
Loan Documents, provided that, such prohibition or restraint shall only be
--------
effective against the assets financed thereby or (b) any license or other
arrangement permitted by this Agreement concerning intellectual property or
other intangible assets, provided that, any such prohibition or restraint shall
--------
only be effective against the Intellectual Property or assets covered thereby.
(d) Ventures. The parties hereby acknowledge that the ventures to
--------
jointly produce certain exhibitions, trade shows and show directories pursuant
to the following agreements have no obligations to become a Subsidiary Guarantor
or an Obligor: (i) two Joint Venture Agreements, dated December, 1995 and
October 1, 1996, respectively, between the Borrower and Gartner Group, Inc.,
(ii) the Joint Venture Agreement dated September 24, 1993 between the Borrower
and Charles A. Pesko Ventures, Inc., (iii) the venture to jointly publish TE&M
Directory pursuant to an agreement, dated as of October 20, 1992, with
Telecommunications Industry Association, (iv) the Agreement dated February 9,
1998 between the Borrower and the Video Software Dealers Association, (v) the
Agreement dated February 18, 1998 between the Borrower and Wideband, Inc., (vi)
the Agreement dated January 22, 1998 between the Borrower and P.E. Schall GmbH,
(vii) the Agreement dated February 3, 1994 between MAGIC and Fairchild
Publications Division of Capital Cities Media, Inc., (viii) the undated
Agreement between Teleprofessional, Incorporated and MW Productions for
International Call Center Summit, (ix) the Sponsorship Agreement, dated as of
February 1, 1997, between Expocon and RB Publishing, Inc. relating to Parcel
Shipping, (x) the joint venture among the Borrower, Societe Charentaise de
Risque and Louis Vaudeville and (xi) the oral joint venture between the Borrower
and Hotel Parties Inc.
9.17 Ownership of the Borrower. The Company will at all times cause
-------------------------
the Borrower to be a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the Company.
9.18 Certain Payments and Modifications. Neither the Company nor the
----------------------------------
Borrower will, nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (a) make or offer
to make any payment, prepayment, repurchase or redemption of or otherwise
defease or segregate funds with respect to the Senior Subordinated Notes (other
than scheduled interest payments required to be made in cash), (b) amend,
<PAGE>
65
modify, waive or otherwise change, or consent or agree to any amendment,
modification, waiver or other change to, any of the terms of (i) the Senior
Subordinated Notes or the Senior Subordinated Note Indenture (other than any
such amendment, modification, waiver or other change that (x) (i) would extend
the maturity or reduce the amount of any payment of principal of the Senior
Subordinated Notes or reduce the rate or extend the date for payment of interest
thereon or (ii) does not require the consent of any holder of the Senior
Subordinated Notes and is not adverse to the interests of the Lenders and (y)
does not involve the payment of a consent fee) or (ii) any Transaction Document,
or (c) designate any Indebtedness (other than obligations of the Obligors
pursuant to the Loan Documents) as "Designated Senior Indebtedness" for the
purposes of the Senior Subordinated Note Indenture.
9.19 Special Purpose Company. Notwithstanding anything herein to the
-----------------------
contrary, the Company shall not (a) engage in any business other than ownership
of the Borrower, or any membership interest in Technology Events Company,
L.L.C., as the case may be, (b) own any material assets other than Investments
permitted to be made or held by it as provided in Section 9.08 hereof or (c)
create, incur, assume or have outstanding any Indebtedness or other obligations
or liabilities except for obligations under the Loan Documents, under Guarantees
permitted pursuant to Section 9.07(f) hereof, under any subordinated Guarantee
referred to in Section 9.07(g) hereof and under any incentive compensation
plans, employment agreements, employment benefit plans established in the
ordinary course of business and stockholders agreement, subject to the
limitations set forth in Section 9.09 hereof.
9.20 Covenants Regarding Trademarks and Copyrights.
---------------------------------------------
(a) The Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent promptly if it
knows or has reason to know that any application or registration relating to any
Trademark which is material to the conduct of the Borrower's or any other
Subsidiary's business may become abandoned, or of any adverse determination or
development (including, without limitation, the institution of, or any such
determination or development in, any proceeding in the United States Patent and
Trademark Office or any court) regarding the Borrower's or such other
Subsidiary's ownership of any Trademark which is material to the conduct of the
Borrower's or such other Subsidiary's business, its right to register the same,
or to keep and maintain the same.
(b) The Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent promptly after
it knows or has reason to know of any adverse determination or development
(including, without limitation, the institution of, or any such determination or
development in, any proceeding in any court) regarding any Copyright which is
material to the conduct of the Borrower's or any other Subsidiary's business,
whereby (i) such Copyright may become invalid or unenforceable prior to its
expiration or termination, or (ii) the Borrower's or such other Subsidiary's
ownership of such Copyright, its right to register the same or to keep and
maintain the same may become affected.
(c) (i) The Borrower shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent
of any filing by the Borrower or any other Subsidiary, either itself or through
any agent, employee, licensee or designs (but in no event later than the
fifteenth day following such filing), of any application for the registration of
any Trademark or Patent with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or
any similar office or agency in any other country or any political subdivision
thereof.
(ii) Concurrently with the delivery of quarterly and annual financial
statements of the Company pursuant to Section 9.01 hereof, the Borrower shall
provide the Administrative Agent and its counsel a complete and correct list of
all Copyrights, Patents and Trademarks owned by such Obligor that have not been
set forth as Annexes 2, 3 and 4 of the Security Agreement or on a prior list
provided under this paragraph (d), together with such documents and instruments
showing all filings and recordings for the protection of the security interest
of the Administrative Agent therein pursuant to the agreements of the United
States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office.
<PAGE>
66
(iii) Upon request of the Administrative Agent, the relevant Obligor
shall execute and deliver any and all agreements, instruments, documents, and
papers as the Administrative Agent may request to evidence the Administrative
Agent's security interest in the Copyrights, Patents, Trademarks and the General
Intangibles referred to in clauses (i) and (ii), including, without limitation,
the goodwill of the Borrower or such other Subsidiary, relating thereto or
represented thereby (or such other Copyrights, Trademarks, Patent or the General
Intangibles relating thereto or represented thereby as the Administrative Agent
may request).
(d) The Borrower will take all necessary actions, including, without
limitation, in any proceeding before the United States Patent and Trademark
Office or the United States Copyright Office, to maintain and pursue each
application (and to obtain the relevant registration) and to maintain each
registration of the Trademarks and Copyrights which are material to the conduct
of any of the Borrower's or any other Subsidiary's business, including, without
limitation, filing of applications for renewal, affidavits of use, affidavits of
incontestability and opposition, interference and cancellation proceedings.
(e) In the event that any Trademark, Copyright or Patent is
infringed, misappropriated or diluted by a third party, the Borrower shall
notify the Administrative Agent promptly after it learns thereof and shall,
unless the Borrower or the relevant Subsidiary, as the case may be, shall
reasonably determine that such Trademark, Copyright or Patent is not material to
the conduct of the Borrower or such Subsidiary's business, promptly sue for
infringement, misappropriation or dilution and to recover any and all damages
for such infringement, misappropriation or dilution, and take such other actions
as the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, shall reasonably deem
appropriate under the circumstances to protect such Trademark or Copyright.
Section 10. Events of Default. If one or more of the following
-----------------
events (herein called "Events of Default") shall occur and be continuing:
-----------------
(a) The Borrower shall (i) default in the payment when due (whether
at stated maturity or upon mandatory or optional prepayment) of any
principal of any Loan or any Reimbursement Obligation; or (ii) default in
the payment of any interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount
payable by it hereunder or under any other Loan Document when due and such
default shall have continued unremedied for three or more days; or
(b) The Company, the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (the
Company, the Borrower and its Subsidiaries herein collectively called the
"Relevant Parties") shall default in the payment when due of any principal
-----------------
of or interest on any of its other Indebtedness in excess of $5,000,000 or
more; or any event specified in any note, agreement, indenture or other
document evidencing or relating to any such Indebtedness shall occur if the
effect of such event is to cause, or (with the giving of any notice or the
lapse of time or both) to permit the holder or holders of such Indebtedness
(or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder or holders) to cause, such
Indebtedness to become due, or to be prepaid in full (whether by
redemption, purchase, offer to purchase or otherwise), prior to its stated
maturity; or any Relevant Party shall default in the payment when due of
any amount aggregating $5,000,000 or more under any Interest Rate
Protection Agreement; or any event specified in any Interest Rate
Protection Agreement shall occur if the effect of such event is to cause,
or (with the giving of any notice or the lapse of time or both) to permit,
termination or liquidation payment or payments aggregating $1,000,000 or
more to become due; or
(c) Any representation, warranty or certification made or deemed made
herein or in any other Loan Document (or in any modification or supplement
hereto or thereto) by any Relevant Party, or any certificate furnished to
any Lender or the Administrative Agent pursuant to the
<PAGE>
67
provisions hereof or thereof, shall prove to have been false or misleading
as of the time made or furnished in any material respect; or
(d) The Borrower or the Company (as applicable) shall default in the
performance of any of its obligations under any of Sections 9.01(f),
9.03(a), 9.05, 9.06, 9.07, 9.08, 9.09, 9.10, 9.11, 9.13, 9.14, 9.15, 9.16,
9.17, 9.18, 9.19 or 9.20 hereof or any Obligor shall default in the
performance of any of its obligations under Section 4.02 or 5.02 of the
Security Agreement or Section 6 or 7 of each of the Mortgages; or any
Obligor shall default in the performance of any of its other obligations in
this Agreement or any other Loan Document and such default shall continue
unremedied for a period of thirty or more days after notice thereof to the
Borrower by the Administrative Agent or any Lender (through the
Administrative Agent); or
(e) Any Relevant Party shall admit in writing its inability to, or be
generally unable to, pay its debts as such debts become due; or
(f) Any Relevant Party shall (i) apply for or consent to the
appointment of, or the taking of possession by, a receiver, custodian,
trustee, examiner or liquidator of itself or of all or a substantial part
of its Property, (ii) make a general assignment for the benefit of its
creditors, (iii) commence a voluntary case under the Bankruptcy Code, (iv)
file a petition seeking to take advantage of any other law relating to
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, liquidation, dissolution,
arrangement or winding-up, or composition or readjustment of debts, (v)
fail to controvert in a timely and appropriate manner, or acquiesce in
writing to, any petition filed against it in an involuntary case under the
Bankruptcy Code or (vi) take any corporate or partnership action for the
purpose of effecting any of the foregoing; or
(g) A proceeding or case shall be commenced, without the application
or consent of the affected Relevant Party, in any court of competent
jurisdiction, seeking (i) its reorganization, liquidation, dissolution,
arrangement or winding-up, or the composition or readjustment of its debts,
(ii) the appointment of a receiver, custodian, trustee, examiner,
liquidator or the like of such Relevant Party or of all or any substantial
part of its Property or (iii) similar relief in respect of such Relevant
Party under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
winding-up, or composition or adjustment of debts, and such proceeding or
case shall continue undismissed, or an order, judgment or decree approving
or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered and continue unstayed and
in effect, for a period of 60 or more days; or an order for relief against
any Relevant Party shall be entered in an involuntary case under the
Bankruptcy Code; or
(h) A final judgment or judgments for the payment of money of
$5,000,000 or more in the aggregate (exclusive of judgment amounts fully
covered by insurance where the insurer has admitted liability in respect of
such judgment), shall be rendered by one or more courts, administrative
tribunals or other bodies having jurisdiction against any Relevant Party
and the same shall not be discharged (or provision shall not be made for
such discharge), or a stay of execution thereof shall not be procured,
within 30 days from the date of entry thereof and such Relevant Party shall
not, within said period of 30 days, or such longer period during which
execution of the same shall have been stayed, appeal therefrom and cause
the execution thereof to be stayed during such appeal; or
(i) An event or condition specified in Section 9.01(e) hereof shall
occur or exist with respect to any Plan or Multiemployer Plan and, as a
result of such event or condition, together with all other such events or
conditions, the Company or any ERISA Affiliate shall incur or in the
opinion of the Majority Lenders shall be reasonably likely to incur a
liability to a Plan, a Multiemployer Plan or the PBGC (or any combination
of the foregoing) that, in the determination
<PAGE>
68
of the Majority Lenders, would (either individually or in the aggregate)
have a Material Adverse Effect; or
(j) A reasonable basis shall exist for the assertion against the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any predecessor in interest of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, of (or there shall have
been asserted against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) an
Environmental Claim that, in the judgment of the Majority Lenders is
reasonably likely to be determined adversely to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, and the amount thereof (either individually or in the
aggregate) is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect (insofar
as such amount is payable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries but
after deducting any portion thereof that is reasonably expected to be paid
by other creditworthy Persons jointly and severally liable therefor); or
(k) (i) prior to the initial registered public offering of the
Company's common stock, (x) the H&F Affiliated Parties shall cease to own
or control, directly or indirectly, more than 51% of the capital stock of
the Company, (y) the Company shall cease to own or control directly or
indirectly all of the capital stock of the Borrower or (z) a Specified
Change of Control shall occur, or (ii) on and after the date of the initial
registered public offering of the Company's common stock, (w) the H&F
Affiliated Parties shall cease to own or control, directly or indirectly,
more than 35% of the capital stock of the Company, (x) any Person or
"group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")), other
------------
than the H&F Affiliated Parties, shall become, or obtain rights (whether by
means of warrants, options or otherwise) to become, the "beneficial owner"
(as defined in Rules 13(d)-3 and 13(d)-5 under the Exchange Act), directly
or indirectly, of a percentage of the outstanding shares of common stock of
the Company which is greater than the percentage of the outstanding shares
of common stock of the Company beneficially owned by the H&F Affiliated
Parties, (y) the Company shall cease to own or control directly or
indirectly all of the capital stock of the Borrower or (z) a Specified
Change of Control shall occur; or
(l) (i) The Liens created by the Security Documents on the capital
stock of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall at any time not constitute
a valid and perfected Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent, free and
clear of all other Liens, or, (ii) except for expiration in accordance with
its terms, any of the Security Documents shall for whatever reason be
terminated or cease to be in full force and effect, or the enforceability
thereof shall be contested by any Obligor, or (iii) Section 6 shall cease,
for any reason, to be in full force and effect or any Guarantor shall so
assert; or
THEREUPON: (1) in the case of an Event of Default other than one referred to in
clause (f) or (g) of this Section 10 with respect to any Obligor, the
Administrative Agent may (and upon the request of the Majority Lenders shall),
by notice to the Borrower, terminate the Revolving Credit Commitments and/or
declare the principal amount then outstanding of, and the accrued interest on,
the Loans, the Reimbursement Obligations and all other amounts payable by the
Obligors hereunder and under any Notes (including, without limitation, any
amounts payable under Section 5.05 or 5.06 hereof) to be forthwith due and
payable, whereupon such amounts shall be immediately due and payable without
presentment, demand, protest or other formalities of any kind, all of which are
hereby expressly waived by each Obligor; and (2) in the case of the occurrence
of an Event of Default referred to in clause (f) or (g) of this Section 10 with
respect to any Obligor, the Revolving Credit Commitments shall automatically be
terminated and the principal amount then outstanding of, and the accrued
interest on, the Loans, the Reimbursement Obligations and all other amounts
payable by the Obligors hereunder and under any Notes (including, without
limitation, any amounts payable under Section 5.05 or 5.06 hereof) shall
automatically become
<PAGE>
69
immediately due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other
formalities of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by each
Obligor.
In addition, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any
Event of Default (if the Administrative Agent has declared the principal amount
then outstanding of, and accrued interest on, the Revolving Credit Loans and all
other amounts payable by the Borrower hereunder and under any Notes to be due
and payable), the Borrower agrees that it shall, if requested by the
Administrative Agent or the Majority Revolving Credit Lenders through the
Administrative Agent (and, in the case of any Event of Default referred to in
clause (f) or (g) of this Section 10 with respect to the Borrower or the
Company, forthwith, without any demand or the taking of any other action by the
Administrative Agent or such Lenders) provide cover for the Letter of Credit
Liabilities by paying to the Administrative Agent immediately available funds in
an amount equal to the then aggregate undrawn face amount of all Letters of
Credit, which funds shall be held by the Administrative Agent in the Collateral
Account as collateral security in the first instance for the Letter of Credit
Liabilities and be subject to withdrawal only as therein provided.
Section 11. The Administrative Agent.
------------------------
11.1 Appointment, Powers and Immunities. Each Lender hereby appoints
----------------------------------
and authorizes the Administrative Agent to act as its agent hereunder and under
the other Loan Documents with such powers as are specifically delegated to the
Administrative Agent by the terms of this Agreement and of the other Loan
Documents, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.
The Administrative Agent (which term as used in this sentence and in Section
11.05 and the first sentence of Section 11.06 hereof shall include reference to
its affiliates and its own and its affiliates' officers, directors, employees
and agents):
(a) shall have no duties or responsibilities except those expressly
set forth in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents, and shall not
by reason of this Agreement or any other Loan Document be a trustee for any
Lender;
(b) shall not be responsible to the Lenders for any recitals,
statements, representations or warranties contained in this Agreement or in
any other Loan Document, or in any certificate or other document referred
to or provided for in, or received by any of them under, this Agreement or
any other Loan Document, or for the value, validity, effectiveness,
genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Agreement, any Note or
any other Loan Document or any other document referred to or provided for
herein or therein or for any failure by the Borrower or any other Person to
perform any of its obligations hereunder or thereunder;
(c) shall not, except to the extent expressly instructed by the
Majority Lenders with respect to collateral security under the Security
Documents, be required to initiate or conduct any litigation or collection
proceedings hereunder or under any other Loan Document; and
(d) shall not be responsible for any action taken or omitted to be
taken by it hereunder or under any other Loan Document or under any other
document or instrument referred to or provided for herein or therein or in
connection herewith or therewith, except for its own gross negligence or
willful misconduct.
The Administrative Agent may employ agents and attorneys-in-fact and shall not
be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any such agents or attorneys-
in-fact selected by it in good faith. The Administrative Agent may deem and
treat the payee (or Registered Holder, as the case may be) of a Note
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70
as the holder thereof for all purposes hereof unless and until a notice of the
assignment or transfer thereof shall have been filed with the Administrative
Agent.
11.2 Reliance by Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent
--------------------------------
shall be entitled to rely upon any certification, notice or other communication
(including, without limitation, any thereof by telephone, telecopy, telegram or
cable) reasonably believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been
signed or sent by or on behalf of the proper Person or Persons, and upon advice
and statements of legal counsel, independent accountants and other experts
selected by the Administrative Agent. As to any matters not expressly provided
for by this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the Administrative Agent shall
in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting,
hereunder or thereunder in accordance with instructions given by the Majority
Lenders or, if provided herein, in accordance with the instructions given by the
Majority Revolving Credit Lenders, the Majority Term Lenders or all of the
Lenders as is required in such circumstance, and such instructions of such
Lenders and any action taken or failure to act pursuant thereto shall be binding
on all of the Lenders.
11.3 Defaults. The Administrative Agent shall not be deemed to have
--------
knowledge or notice of the occurrence of a Default unless the Administrative
Agent has received notice from a Lender or the Borrower specifying such Default
and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default". In the event that the
Administrative Agent receives such a notice of the occurrence of a Default, the
Administrative Agent shall give prompt notice thereof to the Lenders. The
Administrative Agent shall (subject to Section 11.07 hereof) take such action
with respect to such Default as shall be directed by the Majority Lenders or, if
provided herein, the Majority Revolving Credit Lenders or the Majority Term
Lenders, provided that, unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have
--------
received such directions, the Administrative Agent may (but shall not be
obligated to) take such action, or refrain from taking such action, with respect
to such Default as it shall deem advisable in the best interest of the Lenders
except to the extent that this Agreement expressly requires that such action be
taken, or not be taken, only with the consent or upon the authorization of the
Majority Lenders, the Majority Revolving Credit Lenders, the Majority Term
Lenders or all of the Lenders.
11.4 Rights as a Lender. With respect to its Revolving Credit
------------------
Commitment and the Loans made by it, Chase (and any successor acting as
Administrative Agent) in its capacity as a Lender hereunder shall have the same
rights and powers hereunder as any other Lender and may exercise the same as
though it were not acting as the Administrative Agent, and the term "Lender" or
"Lenders" shall, unless the context otherwise indicates, include the
Administrative Agent in its individual capacity. Chase (and any successor
acting as Administrative Agent) and its affiliates may (without having to
account therefor to any Lender) accept deposits from, lend money to, make
investments in and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust or other
business with the Obligors (and any of their Subsidiaries or Affiliates) as if
it were not acting as the Administrative Agent, and Chase (and any such
successor) and its affiliates may accept fees and other consideration from the
Obligors for services in connection with this Agreement or otherwise without
having to account for the same to the Lenders.
11.5 Indemnification. The Lenders agree to indemnify the
---------------
Administrative Agent (to the extent not reimbursed under Section 12.03 hereof,
but without limiting the obligations of the Borrower under said Section 12.03)
ratably in accordance with the aggregate principal amount of the Loans and
Reimbursement Obligations held by the Lenders (or, if no Loans or Reimbursement
Obligations are at the time outstanding, ratably in accordance with their
respective Commitments), for any and all liabilities, obligations, losses,
damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements
of any kind and nature whatsoever that may be imposed on, incurred by or
asserted against the Administrative Agent (including by any Lender) arising out
of or by reason of any investigation in or in any way relating to or arising out
of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or any other documents contemplated
by or referred to herein or therein or the transactions contemplated hereby or
thereby (including, without
<PAGE>
71
limitation, the costs and expenses that the Borrower is obligated to pay under
Section 12.03 hereof, but excluding, unless a Default has occurred and is
continuing, normal administrative costs and expenses incident to the performance
of its agency duties hereunder) or the enforcement of any of the terms hereof or
thereof or of any such other documents, provided that no Lender shall be liable
--------
for any of the foregoing to the extent they arise from the gross negligence or
willful misconduct of the party to be indemnified.
11.6 Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders-. Each
-------------------------------------------------------
Lender agrees that it has, independently and without reliance on the
Administrative Agent or any other Lender, and based on such documents and
information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis of the
Company and its Subsidiaries and decision to enter into this Agreement and that
it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any
other Lender, and based on such documents and information as it shall deem
appropriate at the time, continue to make its own analysis and decisions in
taking or not taking action under this Agreement or under any other Loan
Document. The Administrative Agent shall not be required to keep itself
informed as to the performance or observance by any Obligor of this Agreement or
any of the other Loan Documents or any other document referred to or provided
for herein or therein or to inspect the Properties or books of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries. Except for notices, reports and other documents and
information expressly required to be furnished to the Lenders by the
Administrative Agent hereunder or under the Security Documents, the
Administrative Agent shall not have any duty or responsibility to provide any
Lender with any credit or other information concerning the affairs, financial
condition or business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any of their
affiliates) that may come into the possession of the Administrative Agent or any
of its affiliates.
11.7 Failure to Act. Except for action expressly required of the
--------------
Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, the
Administrative Agent shall in all cases be fully justified in failing or
refusing to act hereunder and thereunder unless it shall receive further
assurances to its satisfaction from the Lenders of their indemnification
obligations under Section 11.05 hereof against any and all liability and expense
that may be incurred by it by reason of taking or continuing to take any such
action.
11.8 Resignation or Removal of Administrative Agent. Subject to the
----------------------------------------------
appointment and acceptance of a successor Administrative Agent as provided
below, the Administrative Agent may resign at any time by giving notice thereof
to the Lenders and the Borrower and the Company, and the Administrative Agent
may be removed at any time with or without cause by the Majority Lenders. Upon
any such resignation or removal, the Majority Lenders shall have the right to
appoint a successor Administrative Agent. If no successor Administrative Agent
shall have been so appointed by the Majority Lenders and shall have accepted
such appointment within 30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent's giving
of notice of resignation or the Majority Lenders' removal of the retiring
Administrative Agent, then the retiring Administrative Agent may, on behalf of
the Lenders, appoint a successor Administrative Agent, that shall be a bank that
has an office in New York, New York with a combined capital and surplus of at
least $500,000,000. Upon the acceptance of any appointment as Administrative
Agent hereunder by a successor Administrative Agent, such successor
Administrative Agent shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the
rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Administrative Agent, and
the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and
obligations hereunder. After any retiring Administrative Agent's resignation or
removal hereunder as Administrative Agent, the provisions of this Section 11
shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or
omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as the Administrative Agent.
11.9 Consents under Other Loan Documents. Except as otherwise
-----------------------------------
provided in Section 12.04 hereof with respect to this Agreement, the
Administrative Agent may, with the prior consent of the Majority Lenders (but
not otherwise), consent to any modification, supplement or waiver under any of
the Loan Documents, provided that, without the prior consent of each Lender, the
--------
Administrative Agent shall
<PAGE>
72
not (except as provided herein, in the Security Documents or in the Assumption
Agreements) release any collateral or otherwise terminate any Lien under any
Security Document providing for collateral security, agree to additional
obligations being secured by such collateral security (unless the Lien for such
additional obligations shall be junior to the Lien in favor of the other
obligations secured by such Security Document, in which event the Administrative
Agent may consent to such junior Lien provided that it obtains the consent of
the Majority Lenders thereto), alter the relative priorities of the obligations
entitled to the benefits of the Liens created under the Security Documents,
except that no such consent shall be required, and the Administrative Agent is
hereby authorized, to release any Lien covering Property that is the subject of
either a disposition of Property permitted hereunder or a disposition to which
the Majority Lenders have consented.
Section 12. Miscellaneous.
-------------
12.1 Waiver. No failure on the part of the Administrative Agent or
------
any Lender to exercise and no delay in exercising, and no course of dealing with
respect to, any right, power or privilege under this Agreement or any Note shall
operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any
right, power or privilege under this Agreement or any Note preclude any other or
further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege.
The remedies provided herein are cumulative and not exclusive of any remedies
provided by law.
Each Obligor irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by
applicable law, any claim that any action or proceeding commenced by the
Administrative Agent or any Lender relating in any way to this Agreement should
be dismissed or stayed by reason, or pending the resolution, of any action or
proceeding commenced by any Obligor relating in any way to this Agreement
whether or not commenced earlier. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable
law, the Obligors shall take all measures necessary for any such action or
proceeding commenced by the Administrative Agent or any Lender to proceed to
judgment prior to the entry of judgment in any such action or proceeding
commenced by any Obligor.
12.2 Notices. All notices, requests and other communications
-------
provided for herein and under the Security Documents (including, without
limitation, any modifications of, or waivers, requests or consents under, this
Agreement) shall be given or made in writing (including, without limitation, by
telecopy) delivered to the intended recipient addressed as follows in the case
of the Obligors and the Administrative Agent and as set forth in an
administrative questionnaire delivered to the Administrative Agent in the case
of each Lender (which shall be made available to the Borrower upon request), or
to such other address as may be hereafter notified by the respective parties
hereto and any future holders of the Loans:
The Company: Advanstar, Inc.
575 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 02116
Attention: Robert Krakoff
Telecopy: (617) 282-2756
Telephone: (617) 282-2059
With a copy to:
Advanstar, Inc.
c/o Hellman & Friedman
One Maritime Plaza
12th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
<PAGE>
73
Attention: Mitchell R. Cohen
Telecopy: (415) 788-0176
Telephone: (415) 788-5111
The Borrower: Advanstar Communications Inc.
7500 Old Oak Boulevard
Cleveland, OH 44130-3369
Attention: David W. Montgomery
Telecopy: (216) 826-2833
Telephone: (216) 826-2873
The other Obligors: c/o Advanstar Communications Inc.
7500 Old Oak Boulevard
Cleveland, OH 44130-3369
Attention: David W. Montgomery
Telecopy: (216) 826-2833
Telephone: (216) 826-2873
with a copy to: Hellman & Friedman LLC
One Maritime Plaza
12th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
Attention: Mitchell R. Cohen
Telecopy: (415) 788-0176
Telephone: (415) 788-5111
The Administrative The Chase Manhattan Bank
Agent: 270 Park Avenue
37th Floor
New York, New York 10017
Attention: William Rottino
Telecopy: (212) 270-1204
Telephone: (212) 270-1724
with a copy to: The Chase Manhattan Bank
Loan and Agency Services Group
One Chase Manhattan Plaza
New York, New York 10081
Attention: Janet Belden
Telecopy: (212) 552-5658
Telephone: (212) 552-7277
Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all such communications shall be
deemed to have been duly given when transmitted by telecopier or personally
delivered or, in the case of a mailed notice, upon receipt, in each case given
or addressed as aforesaid.
12.3 Expenses, Etc. The Borrower agrees to pay or reimburse each of
--------------
the Lenders and the Administrative Agent for: (a) all reasonable out-of-pocket
costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent (including, without limitation,
the reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel to Chase) in connection with
(i) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery of this Agreement and
the other Loan Documents and the extension of credit hereunder, (ii) the
negotiation or preparation of any
<PAGE>
74
modification, supplement or waiver of any of the terms of this Agreement or any
of the other Loan Documents (whether or not consummated) and (iii) the
termination of the Revolving Credit Commitments, the payment or prepayment of
the Loans, or the release of any collateral under any of the Security Documents;
(b) all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Lenders and the
Administrative Agent (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and
expenses of legal counsel) in connection with (i) any Default and any
enforcement or collection proceedings resulting therefrom, including, without
limitation, all manner of participation in or other involvement with (x)
bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, foreclosure, winding up or liquidation
proceedings, (y) judicial or regulatory proceedings and (z) workout,
restructuring or other negotiations or proceedings (whether or not the workout,
restructuring or transaction contemplated thereby is consummated) and (ii) the
enforcement of this Section 12.03; and (c) all transfer, stamp, documentary or
other similar taxes, assessments or charges levied by any governmental or
revenue authority in respect of this Agreement or any of the other Loan
Documents or any other document referred to herein or therein and all costs,
expenses, taxes, assessments and other charges incurred in connection with any
filing, registration, recording or perfection of any security interest
contemplated by any Security Document or any other document referred to therein.
The Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify the Administrative Agent and
each Lender and their respective directors, officers, employees, attorneys and
agents from, and hold each of them harmless against, any and all losses,
liabilities, claims, damages or expenses incurred by any of them (including,
without limitation, any and all losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses
incurred by the Administrative Agent to any Lender, whether or not the
Administrative Agent or any Lender is a party thereto) arising out of or by
reason of any investigation or litigation or other proceedings (including any
threatened investigation or litigation or other proceedings) relating to the
extensions of credit hereunder or any actual or proposed use by the Borrower or
any of its Subsidiaries of the proceeds of any of the extensions of credit
hereunder, including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements
of counsel incurred in connection with any such investigation or litigation or
other proceedings (but excluding any such losses, liabilities, claims, damages
or expenses incurred by reason of the gross negligence or willful misconduct of
the Person to be indemnified). Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Borrower will indemnify the Administrative Agent and each Lender
from, and hold the Administrative Agent and each Lender harmless against, any
losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses described in the preceding
sentence (excluding, as provided in the preceding sentence, any loss, liability,
claim, damage or expense incurred by reason of the gross negligence or willful
misconduct of the Person to be indemnified) arising under any Environmental Law
as a result of the past, present or future operations of the Borrower or any of
its Subsidiaries (or any predecessor in interest to the Borrower or any of its
Subsidiaries), or the past, present or future condition of any site or facility
owned, operated or leased at any time by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries
(or any such predecessor in interest), or any Release or threatened Release of
any Hazardous Materials at or from any such site or facility, excluding any such
Release or threatened Release that shall occur during any period when the
Administrative Agent or any Lender shall be in possession of any such site or
facility following the exercise by the Administrative Agent or any Lender of any
of its rights and remedies hereunder or under any of the Security Documents, but
including any such Release or threatened Release occurring during such period
that is a continuation of conditions previously in existence, or of practices
employed by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, at such site or facility.
12.4 Amendments, Etc. Except as otherwise expressly provided in
----------------
this Agreement, any provision of this Agreement may be modified or supplemented
only by an instrument in writing signed by the Borrower and the Majority
Lenders, or by the Borrower and the Administrative Agent acting with the consent
of the Majority Lenders, and any provision of this Agreement may be waived by
the Majority Lenders or by the Administrative Agent acting with the consent of
the Majority Lenders; provided that: no modification, supplement or waiver
--------
shall:
<PAGE>
75
(a) unless by an instrument signed by each Lender directly affected
thereby or by the Administrative Agent acting with the consent of each
Lender directly affected thereby, (i) increase, or extend the term of any
of the Revolving Credit Commitment, or extend the time or waive any
requirement for the reduction or termination of any of the Revolving Credit
Commitment, (ii) extend the date fixed for the payment of principal of or
interest on any Loan, the Reimbursement Obligations or any fee hereunder,
(iii) reduce the amount of any such payment of principal or (iv) reduce the
rate at which interest is payable thereon or any fee is payable hereunder;
(b) unless by an instrument signed by all of the Lenders or by the
Administrative Agent acting with the consent of all of the Lenders, (i)
consent to the assignment or transfer by the Borrower of any of its rights
and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, (ii)
alter the terms of this Section 12.04, (iii) modify the definition of the
term "Majority Lenders", (iv) release any Guarantor from any of its
guarantee obligations under Section 6 hereof (other than any release of any
Guarantor in connection with any Disposition permitted under Section
2.10(e) hereof or pursuant to Section 9.05 hereof) or (v) release all or
substantially all of the Collateral;
(c) unless by an instrument signed by the Majority Revolving Credit
Lenders, Majority Tranche A Lenders, Majority Tranche B Lenders and
Majority Tranche C Lenders or by the Administrative Agent acting with the
consent of the Majority Revolving Credit Lenders, Majority Tranche A
Lenders, Majority Tranche B Lenders and Majority Tranche C Lenders, alter
the manner in which payments or prepayments of principal, interest or other
amounts hereunder shall be applied as between the Lenders or Types or
Classes of Loans;
(d) reduce the percentage in the definition of the term "Majority
Tranche A Lenders" without the consent of all the Tranche A Lenders;
(e) reduce the percentage in the definition of the term "Majority
Tranche B Lenders" without the consent of all the Tranche B Lenders;
(f) reduce the percentage in the definition of the term "Majority
Tranche C Lenders" without the consent of all the Tranche C Lenders;
(g) reduce the percentage in the definition of the term "Majority
Revolving Credit Lenders" without the consent of all the Revolving Credit
Lenders;
(h) amend, modify or waive any provision of Section 11 hereof or any
other rights or duties of the Administrative Agent hereunder without the
written consent of the then Administrative Agent;
(i) amend, modify or waive any provision of Section 6 hereof without
the written consent of each Guarantor;
(j) amend, modify or waive any provision relating to rights or duties
of the Issuing Lender hereunder without the written consent of the Issuing
Lender; or
(k) unless by an instrument signed by all of the affected Lenders,
convert any Loan into equity of any Obligor.
Any such waiver and any such amendment, supplement or modification shall apply
equally to each of the Lenders and shall be binding upon the Borrower, the
Lenders, the Administrative Agent and all future holders of the Loans. In the
case of any waiver, the Borrower, the Lenders and the Administrative Agent
<PAGE>
76
shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder and under the
other Loan Documents, and any Default or Event of Default waived shall be deemed
to be cured and not continuing; no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, no waiver
or modification of any provision of this Agreement that has the effect (either
immediately or at some later time) of enabling the Borrower to satisfy a
condition precedent to the making of a Revolving Credit Loan shall be effective
against the Revolving Credit Lenders for the purposes of the Revolving Credit
Commitments unless the Majority Revolving Credit Lenders shall have concurred
with such waiver or modification.
12.5 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon
----------------------
and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors
and permitted assigns.
12.6 Assignments and Participations.
------------------------------
(a) No Obligor may assign any of its rights or obligations hereunder
or under any Notes without the prior consent of all of the Lenders and the
Administrative Agent.
(b) Any Lender may, in the ordinary course of its business and in
accordance with applicable law, at any time and from time to time assign to any
Lender, any Affiliate thereof, an Approved Fund of any Lender or, with the prior
written consent of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (which in each case
shall not be unreasonably withheld), to an additional bank or financial
institution or investment funds which invest in credit facilities (an
"Assignee") all or any part of its rights and obligations under this Agreement
--------
and any Notes, including, without limitation, its Revolving Credit Commitment,
Loans, and, if such Lender is a Revolving Credit Lender, its Letter of Credit
Interest (pursuant to an Assignment and Acceptance, substantially in the form of
Exhibit E, executed by such Assignee, such assigning Lender (and, in the case of
an Assignee that is not then a Lender or an Affiliate thereof, by the Borrower
and the Administrative Agent) and delivered to the Administrative Agent for its
acceptance and recording in the Register; provided that (unless the Borrower
--------
and the Administrative Agent otherwise consent in writing)
(i) except to the extent the Borrower and the Administrative
Agent shall otherwise consent, any such partial assignment (other than to
another Lender) shall be in an amount at least equal to $5,000,000; and
(ii) each such assignment by a Lender of its Revolving Credit
Loans, Revolving Credit Note, Revolving Credit Commitment or Letter of
Credit Interest shall be made in such manner so that the same portion of
its Revolving Credit Loans, Revolving Credit Note, Revolving Credit
Commitment and Letter of Credit Interest is assigned to the respective
assignee.
Upon such execution, delivery, acceptance and recording, from and after the
effective date determined pursuant to such Assignment and Acceptance, (x) the
Assignee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent provided in such
Assignment and Acceptance, have the rights and obligations of a Lender hereunder
with a Revolving Credit Commitment and, if applicable, Letter of Credit Interest
(or a portion thereof) and the Term Loans, as set forth therein, and (y) the
assigning Lender thereunder shall be released from its obligations under this
Agreement to the extent that such obligations shall have been expressly assumed
by the Assignee pursuant to such Assignment and Acceptance (and, in the case of
an Assignment and Acceptance covering all or the remaining portion of an
assigning Lender's rights and obligations under this Agreement, such assigning
Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall nevertheless continue to be
entitled to the benefits of Sections 5.01, 5.05, 5.06, 5.07 and 12.03).
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Assignee, which as of the date of any
assignment to it pursuant to this Section 12.06(b) would be entitled
<PAGE>
77
to receive any greater payment under Section 5.01 or 5.07 than the assigning
Lender would have been entitled to receive as of such date under such Sections
with respect to the rights assigned, shall be entitled to receive such payments
unless the Borrower has expressly consented in writing to waive the benefit of
this provision at the time of the assignment.
(c) A Lender may sell or agree to sell to one or more other Persons
(each a "Participant") a participation in all or any part of any Loans or Letter
-----------
of Credit Interest held by it, or in its Revolving Credit Commitment, provided
--------
that such Participant shall not have any rights or obligations under this
Agreement or any Note or any other Loan Document (the Participant's rights
against such Lender in respect of such participation to be those set forth in
the agreements executed by such Lender in favor of the Participant). All
amounts payable by the Borrower to any Lender under Section 5 hereof in respect
of Loans, Letter of Credit Interest held by it, and its Revolving Credit
Commitment, shall be determined as if such Lender had not sold or agreed to sell
any participations in such Loans, Letter of Credit Interest and Commitments, and
as if such Lender were funding each of such Loan, Letter of Credit Interest and
Commitments in the same way that it is funding the portion of such Loan, Letter
of Credit Interest and Commitments in which no participations have been sold.
In no event shall a Lender that sells a participation agree with the Participant
to take or refrain from taking any action hereunder or under any other Loan
Document except that such Lender may agree with the Participant that it will
not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to (i) increase or extend the
term of such Lender's related Commitment or extend the amount or date of any
scheduled reduction of such Commitment pursuant to Section 2.04 hereof, (ii)
extend the date fixed for the payment of principal of or interest on the related
Loan or Loans, Reimbursement Obligations or any portion of any fee hereunder
payable to the Participant, (iii) reduce the amount of any such payment of
principal, (iv) reduce the rate at which interest is payable thereon, or any fee
hereunder payable to the Participant, to a level below the rate at which the
Participant is entitled to receive such interest or fee or (v) consent to any
modification, supplement or waiver hereof or of any of the other Loan Documents
to the extent that the same, under Section 11.09 or 12.04 hereof, requires the
consent of each Lender.
(d) In addition to the assignments and participations permitted under
the foregoing provisions of this Section 12.06, any Lender may (without notice
to the Borrower, the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and without
payment of any fee) (i) assign and pledge all or any portion of its Loans and
its Notes to any Federal Reserve Bank as collateral security pursuant to
Regulation A and any Operating Circular issued by such Federal Reserve Bank and
(ii) assign all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement and its Loans
and its Notes to an affiliate. No such assignment shall release the assigning
Lender from its obligations hereunder.
(e) A Lender may furnish any information concerning the Borrower or
any of its Subsidiaries in the possession of such Lender from time to time to
assignees and participants (including prospective assignees and participants),
subject, however, to the provisions of Section 12.12(b) hereof.
(f) Anything in this Section 12.06 to the contrary notwithstanding,
no Lender may assign or participate any interest in any Loan or Reimbursement
Obligation held by it hereunder to the Borrower or any of its Affiliates or
Subsidiaries without the prior consent of each Lender.
(g) The Administrative Agent, on behalf of the Borrower, shall
maintain at its Principal Office a copy of each Assignment and Acceptance
delivered to it and a register (the "Register") for the recordation of the names
--------
and addresses of the Lenders and the Revolving Credit Commitments of, and the
principal amount of the Loans owing to, and any Notes evidencing such Loans
owned by, each Lender from time to time. Notwithstanding anything in this
Agreement to the contrary, the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the
Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register as the
owner of any Loan, any Notes and the Revolving Credit Commitments recorded
therein for all purposes of this Agreement. The Register shall be available for
inspection by the Borrower or any Lender at any reasonable time and from time to
time upon reasonable prior notice.
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78
(h) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no
assignment under Section 12.06(b) of any rights or obligations under or in
respect of the Loans or any Notes evidencing such Loans shall be effective
unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have recorded the assignment
pursuant to Section 12.06(g). Upon its receipt of an Assignment and Acceptance
executed by an assigning Lender and an Assignee (and, in the case of an Assignee
that is not then a Lender or an Affiliate thereof, by the Borrower and the
Administrative Agent), together (unless the Assignee is an Affiliate or Approved
Fund of the Assignor) with payment to the Administrative Agent of a registration
and processing fee of $3,500, the Administrative Agent shall (i) promptly accept
such Assignment and Acceptance and (ii) on the effective date determined
pursuant thereto record the information contained therein in the Register and
give prompt notice of such acceptance and recordation to the Lenders and the
Borrower. On or prior to such effective date, the assigning Lender shall
surrender any outstanding Notes held by it all or a portion of which are being
assigned, and the Borrower, at its own expense, shall, upon the request to the
Administrative Agent by the assigning Lender or the Assignee, as applicable,
execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent (in exchange for the outstanding
Notes of the assigning Lender, if any) a new Revolving Credit Note, Tranche A
Term Note, Tranche B Term Note and/or Tranche C Term Note, as the case may be
(such new Note to be a new Registered Note in the case of an assignment by or to
a Qualified Foreign Lender), to the order of such Assignee in an amount equal to
(i) in the case of a Revolving Credit Note, the amount of such Assignee's
Revolving Credit Commitment, (ii) in the case of a Tranche A Term Note, the
amount of such Assignee's Tranche A Term Loans, (iii) in the case of a Tranche B
Term Note, the amount of such Assignee's Tranche B Term Loan and (iv) in the
case of a Tranche C Term Note, the amount of such Assignee's Tranche C Term
Loan, and, if the assigning Lender has retained a Revolving Credit Commitment or
Term Loan hereunder, a new Revolving Credit Note, Tranche A Term Note, Tranche B
Term Note and/or Tranche C Term Note, as the case may be, to the order of the
assigning Lender in an amount equal to (i) in the case of a Revolving Credit
Note, the lesser of (A) the amount of such Lender's Revolving Credit Commitment
and (B) the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Credit Loans made by
such Lender, (ii) in the case of a Tranche A Term Note, the amount of such
Lender's Tranche A Term Loans, (iii) in the case of a Tranche B Term Note, the
amount of such Lender's Tranche B Term Loan and (iv) in the case of a Tranche C
Term Note, the amount of such Lender's Tranche C Term Loan, in each case with
respect to the relevant Loan or Revolving Credit Commitment after giving effect
to such Assignment and Acceptance. Any such new Notes shall be dated the
Closing Date, and shall otherwise be in the form of any Note replaced thereby.
Any Notes surrendered by the assigning Lender shall be returned by the
Administrative Agent to the Borrower marked "cancelled".
12.7 Survival. The obligations of the Borrower under Sections 5.01,
--------
5.05, 5.06, 5.07 and 12.03 hereof, the obligations of each Guarantor under
Section 6.03 hereof, and the obligations of the Lenders under Section 11.05
hereof, shall survive the repayment of the Loans and Reimbursement Obligations
and the termination of the Revolving Credit Commitments and, in the case of any
Lender that may assign any interest in its Revolving Credit Commitment, Loans or
Letter of Credit Interest hereunder, shall survive the making of such
assignment, notwithstanding that such assigning Lender may cease to be a
"Lender" hereunder. In addition, each representation and warranty made, or
deemed to be made by a notice of any extension of credit (whether by means of a
Loan or a Letter of Credit) herein or pursuant hereto shall survive the making
of such representation and warranty, and no Lender shall be deemed to have
waived, by reason of making any extension of credit hereunder (whether by means
of a Loan or a Letter of Credit) any Default that may arise by reason of such
representation or warranty proving to have been false or misleading,
notwithstanding that such Lender or the Administrative Agent may have had notice
or knowledge or reason to believe that such representation or warranty was false
or misleading at the time such extension of credit was made.
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79
12.8 Captions. The table of contents and captions and section
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headings appearing herein are included solely for convenience of reference and
are not intended to affect the interpretation of any provision of this
Agreement.
12.9 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
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counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same
instrument and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing
any such counterpart.
12.10 Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction. This Agreement and
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any Notes shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the
State of New York. Each Obligor hereby submits to the nonexclusive jurisdiction
of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and of
the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County (including
its Appellate Division), and of any other appellate court in the State of New
York, for the purposes of all legal proceedings arising out of or relating to
this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. Each Obligor hereby
irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any
objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any
such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such proceeding
brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
12.11 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF THE OBLIGORS, THE ADMINISTRATIVE
--------------------
AGENT AND THE LENDERS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED
BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING
ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY NOTES OR THE TRANSACTIONS
CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.
12.12 Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality. (a) Each of
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the Borrower and the Company acknowledges that from time to time financial
advisory, investment banking and other services may be offered or provided to
the Borrower, the Company or one or more of their Subsidiaries (in connection
with this Agreement or otherwise) by any Lender or by one or more Subsidiaries
or affiliates of such Lender and each of the Borrower and the Company hereby
authorizes each Lender to share any information delivered to such Lender by the
Borrower, the Company and their Subsidiaries pursuant to this Agreement, or in
connection with the decision of such Lender to enter into this Agreement, to any
such Subsidiary or affiliate, it being understood that any such Subsidiary or
affiliate receiving such information shall be bound by the provisions of
paragraph (b) below as if it were a Lender hereunder. Such authorization shall
survive the repayment of the Loans and Reimbursement Obligations and the
termination of the Revolving Credit Commitments.
(b) Each Lender and the Administrative Agent agrees (on behalf of
itself and each of its affiliates, directors, officers, employees and
representatives) to use reasonable precautions to keep confidential, in
accordance with their customary procedures for handling confidential information
of the same nature and in accordance with safe and sound banking or investment
practices, any non-public information supplied to it by the Company or the
Borrower pursuant to this Agreement that is identified by such Person as being
confidential at the time the same is delivered to the Lenders or the
Administrative Agent, provided that nothing herein shall limit the disclosure of
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any such information (i) after such information shall have become public (other
than through a violation of this Section 12.12), (ii) to the extent required by
statute, rule, regulation or judicial process, (iii) to counsel for any of the
Lenders or the Administrative Agent, (iv) to bank examiners (or any other
regulatory authority having jurisdiction over any Lender or the Administrative
Agent), or to auditors or accountants, (v) to the Administrative Agent or any
other Lender (or to Chase Securities, Inc.), (vi) in connection with any
litigation to which any one or more of the Lenders or the Administrative Agent
is a party, or in connection with the enforcement of rights or remedies
hereunder or under any other Loan Document, (vii) to a Subsidiary or affiliate
of such Lender as provided in paragraph (a) above, (viii) to any direct or
indirect contractual counterparty in swap
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80
agreements or such contractual counterparty's professional advisor (so long as
such contractual counterparty or professional advisor to such counterparty
agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Section 12.12(b), or (ix) to any
assignee or participant (or prospective assignee or participant) so long as such
assignee or participant (or prospective assignee or participant) first executes
and delivers to the respective Lender a Confidentiality Agreement substantially
in the form of Exhibit D hereto (or executes and delivers to such Lender an
acknowledgement to the effect that it is bound by the provisions of this Section
12.12(b), which acknowledgement may be included as part of the respective
assignment or participation agreement pursuant to which such assignee or
participant acquires an interest in the Loans or Letter of Credit Interest
hereunder); provided, further, that (x) unless specifically prohibited by
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applicable law or court order, each Lender and the Administrative Agent shall,
prior to disclosure thereof, notify the Borrower of any request for disclosure
of any such non-public information (A) by any governmental agency or
representative thereof (other than any such request in connection with an
examination of the financial condition of such Lender by such governmental
agency) or (B) pursuant to legal process and (y) in no event shall any Lender or
the Administrative Agent be obligated or required to return any materials
furnished by the Company or the Borrower. The obligations of each Lender under
this Section 12.12 shall supersede and replace the obligations of such Lender
under the confidentiality letter in respect of this financing signed and
delivered by such Lender to the Borrower prior to the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date; in addition, the obligations of any assignee that has executed a
Confidentiality Agreement in the form of Exhibit D hereto shall be superseded by
this Section 12.12 upon the date upon which such assignee becomes a Lender
hereunder pursuant to Section 12.06(b) hereof.
12.13 Amendment to Security Agreement. The amendment to Section 2(a)
-------------------------------
of the Security Agreement as stated in clause (iv) of the Acknowledgement and
Confirmation of Security Agreement executed on the Amendment/Restatement
Effective Date is hereby confirmed.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to
be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first above written.
ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC.
By: /s/ David W. Montgomery
---------------------------------
Title:
ADVANSTAR, INC.
By: /s/ David W. Montgomery
---------------------------------
Title:
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK,
as Administrative Agent
By: /s/ Marian Schulman
---------------------------------
Title:
SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:
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ART EXPOSITIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
EXPOCON MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES, INC.
MEN'S APPAREL GUILD IN CALIFORNIA, INC.
APPLIED BUSINESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS
By: /s/ David W. Montgomery
---------------------------------
Title:
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 99.3
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
ADVANSTAR COMPLETES LARKIN ACQUISITION
Company revises Financing Plans
BOSTON, MA, August 9, 1999 - Advanstar, Inc., a worldwide business information
company, today announced it has completed its previously announced planned
acquisition of the trade show assets of The Larkin Group. Separately, Advanstar
indicated that it does not currently intend to move forward with an initial
public offering.
The Larkin Group produces 16 trade shows in New York City which serve the
fashion and fabric/textiles industries. Advanstar, through its MAGIC
international subsidiary, also owns and produces the world's largest fashion and
apparel trade show, MAGIC, held twice annually in Las Vegas.
In regard to Advanstar's financing plans, Robert L. Krakoff, Advanstar's
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer commented, "Over the past three years we
have grown significantly and increased the size and shareholder value of
Advanstar. We believe this growth will continue. After consulting with our
majority stockholder, we have determined that current public market valuations
for companies in the business-to-business communications sector do not reflect
the valuation levels that we think are appropriate for Advanstar given our
progress to date and our plans for the future. We will monitor the capital
markets and may move forward with an initial public offering if we believe
public market valuation levels become more appropriate."
"Management and our equity investors are very pleased with the development of
Advanstar since May 1996. EBITDA has increased from slightly over $20 million to
now approaching $100 million on a pro forma basis. We look forward to continuing
this growth," said Krakoff.
As in the past, Advanstar expects to continue to fund its growth strategy from
operating cash flow, additional borrowings and additional equity from its
majority stockholder, Hellman & Friedman Capital Partners III, L.P., a San
Francisco based private equity firm.
A registration statement relating to the Company's common stock has been filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission but has not yet become effective.
These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the
time the registrations statement becomes effective. This communication shall not
constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall
there be any sale of these securities in any state in which such offer,
solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification
under the securities laws of any such state.
This press release contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe
harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking
statements, including statements about plans and objectives of management and
market growth and opportunity. These forward-looking
<PAGE>
statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements.
Important cautionary statements and risk factors that would affect actual
results are discussed in the Company's periodic reports and registration
statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those
under the caption entitled "Factors That May Affect Future Results" in the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on March 31, 1999.
Advanstar, Inc., through its Advanstar Communications, Inc. subsidiary, is a
worldwide business information company which produces 107 exhibitions and
conferences throughout the world, publishes 110 business magazines and
directories, and provides direct marketing, database and reference products and
services to targeted industry sectors including retail, hospitality, fashion,
healthcare, pharmaceutical, science, information technology, communications,
manufacturing and processing markets. The company has over 1,300 employees and
currently operates from multiple offices in the United States, Canada, Latin
America, Europe and Asia.
For more information:
Advanstar, Inc. Abernathy MacGregor Frank
Bob Krakoff Kathryn Akers
617-267-6500 212-371-5999
