<PAGE> 1
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JUNE 1, 1999
REGISTRATION NO. 333-60065
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
------------------------
AMENDMENT NO. 3
TO
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
DELAWARE 5139 95-4376145
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (PRIMARY STANDARD INDUSTRIAL (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) CLASSIFICATION CODE NUMBER) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER)
</TABLE>
228 MANHATTAN BEACH BOULEVARD
MANHATTAN BEACH, CALIFORNIA 90266
(310) 318-3100
(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER,
INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF REGISTRANT'S PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
ROBERT GREENBERG
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
MICHAEL GREENBERG
PRESIDENT
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
228 MANHATTAN BEACH BOULEVARD
MANHATTAN BEACH, CALIFORNIA 90266
(310) 318-3100
(NAME, ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER,
INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF AGENTS FOR SERVICE)
COPIES TO:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
THOMAS J. POLETTI, ESQ. BARRY E. TAYLOR, ESQ.
SUSAN B. KALMAN, ESQ. CRAIG D. NORRIS, ESQ.
KATHERINE J. BLAIR, ESQ. ANNA ITOI, ESQ.
FRESHMAN, MARANTZ, ORLANSKI, COOPER & KLEIN WILSON SONSINI GOODRICH & ROSATI,
9100 WILSHIRE BOULEVARD, SUITE 8E PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
BEVERLY HILLS, CALIFORNIA 90212 650 PAGE MILL ROAD
TELEPHONE (310) 273-1870 PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA 94304
FACSIMILE (310) 274-8357 TELEPHONE (650) 493-9300
FACSIMILE (650) 493-6811
</TABLE>
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC:
As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on
a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, check the following box: [ ]
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering. [ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box. [ ]
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF PROPOSED MAXIMUM PROPOSED MAXIMUM
SECURITIES AMOUNT TO BE OFFERING PRICE AGGREGATE OFFERING AMOUNT OF
TO BE REGISTERED REGISTERED(1) PER SHARE(2) PRICE(2) REGISTRATION FEE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A Common Stock,
$.001 par value...... 12,322,250 shares $15.00 $184,833,750 $51,384(3)
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</TABLE>
(1) Includes 1,607,250 shares that the Underwriters have the option to purchase
solely to cover over-allotments, if any.
(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in
accordance with Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933.
(3) Previously paid.
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR
DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL
FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION
STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID
SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE.
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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 2
THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY
NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER
TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND WE ARE NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE
SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
JUNE 1, 1999
10,715,000 SHARES
[SKECHERS U.S.A. INC.]
CLASS A COMMON STOCK
------------------------
This is the initial public offering of Skechers U.S.A., Inc. Of the 10,715,000
shares of Class A common stock being offered, we are offering 8,925,000 shares
and the selling stockholders named on page 74 in the section "Principal and
Selling Stockholders" are offering 1,790,000 shares. We will not receive any
proceeds from the sale of stock by the selling stockholders. We anticipate that
the initial public offering price will be between $13.00 and $15.00 per share.
The New York Stock Exchange has authorized our Class A common stock for listing
on the Exchange under the symbol "SKX."
INVESTING IN THE CLASS A COMMON STOCK INVOLVES RISKS. SEE "RISK FACTORS"
BEGINNING ON PAGE 9.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PER SHARE TOTAL
--------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Public offering price....................................... $ $
Underwriting discounts and commissions...................... $ $
Proceeds, before expenses, to Skechers U.S.A., Inc.......... $ $
Proceeds to the selling stockholders........................ $ $
</TABLE>
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the
adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
The Greenberg Family Trust has also granted the underwriters a 30-day option to
purchase up to 1,607,250 additional shares of Class A common stock to cover any
over-allotments. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Class A
common stock by such selling stockholder in the event the over-allotment option
is exercised.
------------------------
BT ALEX. BROWN PRUDENTIAL SECURITIES
, 1999
<PAGE> 3
CERTAIN PERSONS PARTICIPATING IN THE OFFERING MAY ENGAGE IN TRANSACTIONS
THAT STABILIZE, MAINTAIN OR OTHERWISE AFFECT THE PRICE OF THE CLASS A COMMON
STOCK, INCLUDING PURCHASES OF THE CLASS A COMMON STOCK TO STABILIZE ITS MARKET
PRICE, PURCHASES OF THE CLASS A COMMON STOCK TO COVER SOME OR ALL OF A SHORT
POSITION IN THE CLASS A COMMON STOCK MAINTAINED BY THE UNDERWRITERS AND THE
IMPOSITION OF PENALTY BIDS. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THESE ACTIVITIES, SEE
"UNDERWRITING."
<PAGE> 4
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read
in conjunction with, the more detailed information and Consolidated Financial
Statements, including the Notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus.
This Prospectus, in addition to historical information, contains forward-looking
statements including, but not limited to, statements regarding the Company's
plans to increase the number of retail locations and styles of footwear, the
maintenance of customer accounts and expansion of business with such accounts,
the successful implementation of the Company's strategies, future growth and
growth rates and future increases in net sales, expenses, capital expenditures
and net earnings. Without limiting the foregoing, the words "believes,"
"anticipates," "plans," "expects," "may," "will," "intends," "estimates" and
similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These
forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, and the Company's
actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these
forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set
forth under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Prospectus.
THE COMPANY
Skechers U.S.A., Inc. ("Skechers" or the "Company") designs and markets
branded contemporary casual, active, rugged and lifestyle footwear for men,
women and children. The Company's objective is to become a leading source of
contemporary casual and active footwear while ensuring the longevity of both the
Company and the Skechers brand name through controlled, well managed growth. The
Company strives to achieve this objective by developing and offering a balanced
assortment of basic and fashionable merchandise across a wide spectrum of
product categories and styles, while maintaining a diversified, low-cost
sourcing base and controlling the growth of its distribution channels. The
Company sells its products to department stores such as Nordstrom, Macy's,
Dillards, Robinson's-May and JC Penney and specialty retailers such as Genesco's
Journeys and Jarman chains, The Venator Group's Foot Locker and Lady Foot Locker
chains, Pacific Sunwear and Footaction U.S.A. The Company also sells its
products both internationally in over 110 countries and territories through
major international distributors and directly to consumers through 38 of its own
retail stores.
The Company has realized rapid growth since inception, increasing net sales
at a compound annual growth rate of 42.4% from $90.8 million in 1994 to $372.7
million in 1998. From 1997 to 1998, the Company experienced a 102.7% and 117.4%
increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively. In addition,
for the three months ended March 31, 1999, the Company experienced a 59.9% and
90.8% increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively, compared
to the comparable period from the prior year. From 1997 to 1998, the Company
also experienced an improvement in gross profit as a percentage of net sales
("Gross Margin") from 37.4% to 41.5% and in earnings from operations as a
percentage of net sales ("Operating Margin") from 8.5% to 9.1%. For the three
months ended March 31, 1999, the Company increased its Gross Margin from 37.6%
to 38.3% and its Operating Margin from 4.2% to 5.0% compared to the comparable
period from the prior year. These improvements resulted in part from the shift
to offering Skechers product exclusively and in part from economies of scale.
Management believes the Skechers product offerings of men's, women's and
children's footwear appeal to a broad customer base between the ages of 5 and 40
years. Management believes the Company's strategy of providing a growing and
balanced assortment of quality basic footwear and seasonal and fashion footwear
with progressive styling at competitive prices gives Skechers this broader based
customer appeal. Skechers men's and women's footwear are primarily designed with
the active, youthful lifestyle of the 12 to 25 year old age group in mind. The
Company's product offerings include casual and utility oxfords, loggers, boots
and demi-boots; skate, street and fashion sneakers; hikers, trail runners and
joggers; sandals, slides and other open-toe footwear; and dress casual shoes.
The Company continually seeks to increase the number of styles offered and the
breadth of categories with which the Skechers brand name is identified. This
style expansion and category diversification is balanced by the Company's strong
performance in its basic styles. The Company increased its styles offered from
approximately 600 for the year ended December 31, 1997
3
<PAGE> 5
to approximately 900 for the year ended December 31, 1998. Management believes
that a substantial portion of the Company's gross sales were generated from
styles which management considers basic.
The Company's strategy in children's footwear is to adapt current fashion
from the Company's men's and women's lines by modifying designs and choosing
colors and materials that are more suitable to the playful image Skechers has
established in the children's footwear market. The Skechers children's line is
comprised primarily of shoes that are designed like their adult counterparts but
in "takedown" versions, so that the younger set can wear the same popular styles
as their older siblings and schoolmates. The playful image of Skechers
children's footwear is further enhanced by the Company's Skechers Lights line,
which features motion- and contact-activated lights in the outsole and other
areas of the shoes. During 1998, the Company's gross wholesale footwear sales
were derived 42.1% from men's, 42.2% from women's and 15.7% from children's
footwear. For the three months ended March 31, 1999, 38.0%, 45.1% and 16.9% of
gross sales at wholesale were derived from men's, women's and children's
footwear, respectively.
The Company was founded in 1992 as a distributor of Dr. Martens footwear.
The Company began designing and marketing men's footwear under the Skechers
brand name and other brand names including "Cross Colours," "Karl Kani" and
"So . . . L.A." in 1992. Shortly after launching these branded footwear lines,
the Company discontinued distributing Dr. Martens footwear. In 1995, the Company
began to shift its focus to the Skechers brand name by de-emphasizing the sale
of "Kani" branded products and discontinuing the sale of "Cross Colours" and
"So . . . L.A." branded footwear. In early 1996, the Company substantially
increased its product offerings in, and marketing focus on, its Skechers women's
and children's lines. The Company divested the "Karl Kani" license in August
1997. Substantially all of the Company's products are marketed under the
Skechers name.
The Company's operating strategies are intended to continue to
differentiate the Company from other participants in the footwear market and to
provide controlled, well managed growth. These strategies include: (i) offering
a breadth of innovative products, (ii) enhancing and broadening the Skechers
brand name, (iii) maximizing the strategic value of retail distribution, (iv)
controlling the growth of distribution channels and (v) leveraging the
experience of the management team and the infrastructure the Company has
established. During 1998, the Company produced over 900 different styles of
footwear in a broad array of men's, women's and children's designs in an effort
to diversify product risk and increase the potential market available to the
Company. In keeping with its strategy, the Company has implemented an extensive
marketing campaign to build the Skechers brand name and its association with
casual and lifestyle footwear in general, as opposed to any single category of
footwear. The Company uses its retail stores to strengthen its brand name image
and showcase the range of its product offerings as well as to liquidate
close-outs, odd sizes and excess inventory more effectively. Management has
implemented a strategy of controlling the growth of the distribution channels
through which the Company's products are sold in order to protect the Skechers
brand name, properly service customer accounts and better manage the growth of
its business. Management believes it has the experience and has established the
infrastructure of personnel, information systems and distribution capabilities
to manage this growth.
In an effort to increase net sales and earnings, the Company has also
developed five growth strategies. First, the Company plans to continue to expand
its product offerings by developing new styles in existing categories as well as
entering categories in which the Company does not currently produce styles.
Second, the Company intends to increase penetration of its existing account base
by (i) increasing the number of styles carried by existing accounts, (ii)
increasing sell-through at the retail level for its existing accounts through
increased marketing efforts and (iii) opening new locations with existing
accounts. Third, the Company plans to open at least five new retail locations in
the remainder of 1999. The Company also recently launched a mail-order catalog
and Internet website. Fourth, the Company plans to increase international sales
through distribution agreements with partners in countries in which the Company
does not currently have distribution. The Company is also exploring selling
directly to retailers in certain European countries in which the Company does
not currently have distribution and selectively opening flagship retail stores
internationally either on its own or through joint ventures. Fifth, the Company
is exploring licensing the Skechers brand name for certain accessories and
apparel in a manner and with such partners as management believes will increase
earnings and maintain the integrity of the Skechers brand name.
4
<PAGE> 6
THE OFFERING
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Class A Common Stock offered by the
Company.................................... 8,925,000 shares
Class A Common Stock offered by the
selling stockholders....................... 1,790,000 shares
Common Stock to be outstanding after the
Offering:
Class A Common Stock(1)(2)(3).............. 10,715,000 shares
Class B Common Stock....................... 26,024,155 shares
Use of Proceeds.............................. Of the net proceeds, approximately $58.7
million will be used to repay indebtedness,
approximately $7.6 million will be used to
fund the Final 1998 Distribution,
approximately $1.7 million will be used to
fund the Final Tax Distribution and
approximately $20.0 million will be used for
the Final S Corporation Distribution. The
remainder will be used for general corporate
purposes. See "Use of Proceeds."
New York Stock Exchange Symbol for the Class
A Common Stock............................. "SKX"
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) The holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share and
holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to ten votes per share.
(2) Excludes options to acquire 1,390,715 shares of Class A Common Stock
outstanding as of March 31, 1999 at a per share exercise price of $2.78.
Options to purchase an aggregate of 1,142,907 shares of Class A Common Stock
are expected to be granted to certain employees and non-employee directors
of the Company on the effective date of this offering (the "Offering") at an
exercise price equal to the initial public offering price. See
"Management -- Stock Options."
(3) Does not include 1,607,250 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to a
30-day over-allotment option granted by the Greenberg Family Trust, of which
Robert Greenberg, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of the
Company, is a trustee, together with his wife.
------------------------
The Company's corporate headquarters are located at 228 Manhattan Beach
Boulevard, Manhattan Beach, California 90266, and its telephone number is (310)
318-3100.
Skechers, Street Cleat and Wompers are registered trademarks of the
Company. All other trademarks or tradenames referred to in this Prospectus are
the property of their respective owners.
------------------------
THE RECAPITALIZATION
Pursuant to a recapitalization (the "Recapitalization"), the Company
authorized two new classes of common stock, Class A Common Stock and Class B
Common Stock. The Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common Stock have
identical rights other than with respect to voting, conversion and transfer. The
Class A Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share while the Class B Common
Stock is entitled to ten votes per share on all matters submitted to a vote of
stockholders. The shares of Class B Common Stock are convertible at any time at
the option of the holder into shares of Class A Common Stock on a
share-for-share basis. In addition, shares of Class B Common Stock are
automatically converted into a like number of shares of Class A Common Stock
upon any transfer to any person or entity which is not a Permitted Transferee
(as defined in the Company's Certificate of Incorporation). After the Offering,
the Greenberg Family Trust will be the beneficial owner of 16,717,771 shares of
Class B Common Stock, which will represent 64.2% of the
5
<PAGE> 7
Company's issued and outstanding Class B Common Stock. After the Offering, the
holders of Class B Common Stock will represent in the aggregate approximately
70.8% of the equity and 96.0% of the voting power of the Company. As a result of
such ownership, Robert Greenberg and his wife, as trustees of the Greenberg
Family Trust, will be able to control the vote on substantially all matters
submitted to a vote of the Company's stockholders, including the election of
directors and the approval of extraordinary corporate transactions. See
"Description of Capital Stock."
------------------------
Except as otherwise specified, all information in this Prospectus (i)
assumes no exercise of the Underwriters' over-allotment option (see
"Underwriting"), (ii) excludes 5,215,154 shares of Class A Common Stock reserved
for issuance under the Company's 1998 Stock Option, Deferred Stock and
Restricted Stock Plan (the "Stock Option Plan") and 2,781,415 shares of Class A
Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Company's 1998 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan (the "1998 Purchase Plan") and (iii) gives effect to the
Recapitalization and to the reincorporation of the Company in Delaware, whereby
the existing California corporation was merged into a newly formed Delaware
corporation and pursuant to which each outstanding share of common stock of the
existing California corporation was exchanged for approximately 13,907 shares of
$.001 par value Class B Common Stock of the new Delaware corporation. Unless the
context indicates otherwise, all references herein to the Company refer to
Skechers U.S.A., Inc., its predecessor entity, and its wholly-owned subsidiary.
6
<PAGE> 8
SUMMARY FINANCIAL DATA
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, MARCH 31,
--------------------------------------------------- -----------------
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Net sales............................ $90,755 $110,649 $115,410 $183,827 $372,680 $59,873 $95,736
Cost of sales........................ 61,579 78,692 81,199 115,104 218,100 37,390 59,038
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Gross profit....................... 29,176 31,957 34,211 68,723 154,580 22,483 36,698
Royalty income, net.................. 1,012 1,843 1,592 894 855 132 49
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
30,188 33,800 35,803 69,617 155,435 22,615 36,747
Operating expenses................... 26,682 32,000 30,678 53,981 121,444 20,110 31,968
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Earnings from operations........... 3,506 1,800 5,125 15,636 33,991 2,505 4,779
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Other income (expense):
Interest........................... (2,461) (3,676) (3,231) (4,186) (8,631) (1,484) (1,754)
Other, net......................... 18 214 61 (37) (239) 64 482
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
(2,443) (3,462) (3,170) (4,223) (8,870) (1,420) (1,272)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes
and extraordinary credit......... 1,063 (1,662) 1,955 11,413 25,121 1,085 3,507
Net earnings (loss)................ 1,009 (1,222)(1) 1,910 11,023 24,471 1,052 3,429
PRO FORMA OPERATIONS DATA:(2)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes
and extraordinary credit......... $ 1,063 $ (1,662) $ 1,955 $ 11,413 $ 25,121 $ 1,085 $ 3,507
Income taxes (benefit)............. 425 (665) 782 4,565 10,048 434 1,403
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Earnings (loss) before
extraordinary credit............. 638 (997) 1,173 6,848 15,073 651 2,104
Extraordinary credit, net.......... -- 270(1) -- -- -- -- --
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Net earnings (loss)................ $ 638 $ (727) $ 1,173 $ 6,848 $ 15,073 $ 651 $ 2,104
======= ======== ======== ======== ======== ======= =======
Net earnings (loss) per share:(3)
Basic............................ $ .02 $ (.03) $ .04 $ .25 $ .54 $ .02 $ .08
Diluted.......................... $ .02 $ (.03) $ .04 $ .24 $ .50 $ .02 $ .07
Weighted average shares:(3)
Basic............................ 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814
Diluted.......................... 29,067 29,067 29,067 29,067 30,136 29,996 29,919
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF MARCH 31, 1999
AS OF -------------------------------------------
DECEMBER 31, PRO FORMA
1998 ACTUAL PRO FORMA(4) AS ADJUSTED(4)(5)
------------ -------- ------------ -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital....................... $ 23,106 $ 26,349 $ 22,809 $ 98,363
Total assets.......................... 146,284 120,381 116,841 145,775
Total debt............................ 70,933 62,889 62,889 4,237
Stockholders' equity.................. 27,676 30,735 27,195 114,781
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Includes an extraordinary gain of $443,000 net of state income taxes of
$7,000 ($270,000 on a pro forma basis, net of $180,000) resulting from the
acceleration of the repayment of a note.
(2) Reflects adjustments for Federal and state income taxes as if the Company
had been taxed as a C Corporation, at the assumed rate of 40.0%, rather than
as an S Corporation.
(3) Weighted average diluted shares outstanding for the year ended December 31,
1998 and for each of the three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1999 includes
shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options
outstanding, after applying the treasury stock method based on an assumed
initial public offering price of $14.00 per share (the mid-point of the
range). The weighted average diluted shares for all periods presented also
gives effect to the sale by the Company of those shares of Class A Common
Stock necessary to fund the payment of the excess of (i) the sum of
stockholder distributions during the previous 12-month period (during fiscal
1998 for the determination of shares outstanding for
7
<PAGE> 9
each of the years in the five year period ended December 31, 1998 and the
three month period ended March 31, 1998, and during the 15 months ended
March 31, 1999 for the determination of shares outstanding for the three
month period ended March 31, 1999) and distributions paid or declared
thereafter until the consummation of the Offering over (ii) the S
Corporation earnings in the previous 12-month period (for the year ended
December 31, 1998 and 15 months for the three months ended March 31, 1999),
based on an assumed initial public offering price of $14.00 per share (the
mid-point of the range), net of estimated underwriting discounts. See
"Capitalization" and "Management -- Stock Options." For further information
pertaining to the calculation of earnings per share, see Note 1 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
(4) Pro forma balance sheet data gives effect to a $3.5 million S Corporation
distribution made in April 1999 consisting of the first installment of
Federal income taxes payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998 (the "April
Tax Distribution"). See "Prior S Corporation Status" and "Certain
Transactions."
(5) Pro forma as adjusted balance sheet data reflects (i) an anticipated $7.6
million S Corporation distribution to be made with a portion of the proceeds
of the Offering consisting of the final installment of Federal income taxes
payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998 (the "Final 1998 Distribution"),
(ii) an estimated $1.7 million S Corporation distribution to be made with a
portion of the proceeds of the Offering consisting of income taxes payable
on S Corporation earnings from January 1, 1999 through the termination of
the Company's S Corporation status (the "Final Tax Distribution"), (iii) an
estimated $20.0 million S Corporation distribution to be made with a portion
of the proceeds of the Offering which is designed to constitute the
substantial portion of the Company's remaining undistributed accumulated S
Corporation earnings through the date of termination of the Company's S
Corporation status (the "Final S Corporation Distribution"), (iv) the
recording by the Company of $2.0 million of deferred tax assets as if the
Company had been a C Corporation since its inception, (v) the sale of the
Class A Common Stock offered by the Company hereby based upon an assumed
initial public offering price of $14.00 per share (the mid-point of the
range) and the anticipated application of the net proceeds therefrom and
(vi) the repayment of $46.9 million under the revolving line of credit and
$11.8 million under two term notes to a stockholder. See "Use of Proceeds,"
"Prior S Corporation Status" and "Capitalization."
8
<PAGE> 10
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the shares of Class A Common Stock offered hereby involves
a high degree of risk. Prospective investors should consider carefully the
following risk factors, in addition to the other information presented in this
Prospectus, before purchasing the shares of Class A Common Stock offered hereby.
This Prospectus, in addition to historical information, contains forward-
looking statements including, but not limited to, statements regarding the
Company's plans to increase the number of retail locations and styles of
footwear, the maintenance of customer accounts and expansion of business with
such accounts, the successful implementation of the Company's strategies, future
growth and growth rates and future increases in net sales, expenses, capital
expenditures and net earnings. Without limiting the foregoing, the words
"believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "may," "will," "intends,"
"estimates" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking
statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties,
and the Company's actual results could differ materially from the results
discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or
contribute to such differences include those discussed below, as well as those
discussed elsewhere in this Prospectus.
CHANGING CONSUMER DEMANDS AND FASHION TRENDS
The footwear industry is subject to rapidly changing consumer demands and
fashion trends. The Company believes that its success depends in large part upon
its ability to identify and interpret fashion trends and to anticipate and
respond to such trends in a timely manner. There can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to continue to meet changing consumer demands or to develop
successful styles in the future. Decisions with respect to product designs often
need to be made several months in advance of the time when consumer acceptance
can be determined. As a result, the Company's failure to anticipate, identify or
react appropriately to changes in styles and features could lead to, among other
things, lower sales, excess inventories, higher inventory markdowns, impairment
of the Company's brand image and lower Gross Margins as a result of allowances
and discounts provided to retailers. Conversely, the failure by the Company to
anticipate consumer demand could result in inventory shortages, which in turn
could adversely affect the timing of shipments to customers, negatively
impacting retailer and distributor relationships, and diminish brand loyalty. In
addition, even if the Company reacts appropriately to changes in consumer
preferences, consumers may identify the Company's brand image with an outmoded
fashion or the association of the brand may be limited to styles or categories
of footwear no longer in demand. There can be no assurance that the Company will
successfully adapt to changing consumer demands and fashion trends, and any such
failure to adapt could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. Because of these risks, a number
of companies in the footwear industry, and in the fashion and apparel industry,
have experienced periods, which can be over several years, of rapid growth in
revenues and earnings and thereafter periods of declining sales and losses which
in some cases have resulted in the companies ceasing to do business. Until
January 1992, several of the Company's executive officers and key employees were
employed by L.A. Gear, Inc. ("L.A. Gear"), an athletic and casual footwear and
apparel company, which experienced similar fluctuations. See "-- Ability to
Manage Growth," "Business -- Product Design and Development" and "Management."
The Company intends to market additional lines of footwear in the future
and, as is typical with new products, demand and market acceptance will be
subject to uncertainty. Failure to regularly develop and introduce new products
successfully could materially and adversely impact the Company's future growth
and profitability. Achieving market acceptance for new products may require
substantial marketing efforts. There can be no assurance that the Company's
marketing efforts will be successful or that the Company will have the funds
necessary to undertake sufficient efforts. See "Business -- Operating
Strategies," "-- Growth Strategies" and "-- Sales."
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RISKS RELATING TO STYLE CONCENTRATION
If any one style or group of similar styles of the Company's footwear were
to represent a substantial portion of the Company's net sales, the Company could
be exposed to risk should consumer demand for such style or group of styles
decrease in subsequent periods. In the past, gross sales were adversely affected
by decreased consumer demand for a style of footwear that previously represented
a significant portion of the Company's sales. This style no longer represents a
significant portion of the Company's sales. The Company attempts to hedge this
risk by offering a broad range of products, and no style comprised over 5.0% of
the Company's gross wholesale sales, net of discounts, for either the year ended
December 31, 1998 or the three months ended March 31, 1999. There can be no
assurance that fluctuations in sales of any given style that represents a
significant portion of the Company's net sales will not recur in the future and
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations. See "Business -- Footwear."
ABILITY TO MANAGE GROWTH
The Company has experienced rapid growth over the past three years and
remains vulnerable to a variety of business risks generally associated with
rapidly growing companies. The Company intends to continue to pursue an
aggressive growth strategy through expanded marketing and promotion efforts,
frequent introductions of products, broader lines of casual and performance
footwear, expansion of retail stores and increased international market
penetration, all of which may place a significant strain on the Company's
financial, management and other resources. The Company's future performance will
depend in part on its ability to manage change in both its domestic and
international operations and will require the Company to attract, train, manage
and retain management, sales, marketing and other key personnel. The Company's
ability to manage its growth effectively will require it to continue to improve
its operational and financial control systems, infrastructure and management
information systems. For example, in early 1998, the Company moved its
distribution center to a larger facility and currently intends to install a new
material handling system at its second distribution facility in mid-2000 at a
total cost of approximately $10.0 million. There can be no assurance that these
expansion efforts will be successfully completed or that they will not interfere
with existing operations. The inability of the Company's management to manage
growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Business -- Sales"
and "Management."
ABILITY TO SUSTAIN PRIOR RATE OF GROWTH OR INCREASE NET SALES OR EARNINGS
The Company has realized rapid growth since inception, increasing net sales
at a compound annual growth rate of 42.4% from $90.8 million in 1994 to $372.7
million in 1998. From 1997 to 1998, the Company experienced a 102.7% and 117.4%
increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively. In addition,
for the three months ended March 31, 1999, the Company experienced a 59.9% and
90.8% increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively, compared
to the comparable period from the prior year. In the future, the Company's rate
of growth will be dependent upon, among other things, the continued success of
its efforts to expand its footwear offerings and distribution channels. The
Company's profitability in any calendar quarter of any fiscal year depends upon,
among other things, the timing and level of advertising and trade show
expenditures and the timing and level of shipments of seasonal merchandise.
There can be no assurance that the Company's rate of growth will not decline or
that it will be profitable in any quarter of any succeeding fiscal year. In
addition, the Company may have more difficulty maintaining its prior rate of
growth to the extent it becomes larger. See "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Overview."
As part of its growth strategy, the Company seeks to further penetrate
existing retail accounts, open its own retail stores in selected locations and
increase its international operations, including in countries and territories
where the Company has little distribution experience and where the Company's
brand name is not yet well known. There can be no assurance that these and the
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Company's other growth strategies will be successful. Success will depend on
various factors, including the strength of the Company's brand name, market
success of current and new products, competitive conditions, the ability of the
Company to manage increased net sales and stores and the availability of
desirable locations. The Company's business also depends on general economic
conditions and levels of consumer spending, which are currently high, and a
decline in the economy or a recession could adversely impact the Company's
business, financial condition and operating results since consumers often reduce
spending on footwear and apparel in such times. There can be no assurance that
the Company will be able to increase its sales to existing customers, open and
operate new retail stores or increase its international operations on a
profitable basis or that the Company's Operating Margins will improve, and there
can be no assurance that the Company's growth strategies will be successful or
that the Company's net sales or net earnings will increase as a result of the
implementation of such strategies. In addition, the Company has significantly
expanded its infrastructure and personnel to achieve economies of scale in
anticipation of continued increases in net sales. Because these expenses are
fixed, at least in the short term, operating results and margins would be
adversely impacted if the Company does not achieve anticipated continued growth.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH FOREIGN OPERATIONS
Substantially all of the Company's net sales for the year ended December
31, 1998 and the three months ended March 31, 1999 were derived from sales of
footwear manufactured for the Company outside of the United States. During such
periods, 95.5% and 93.6% of such manufactured products were produced in China,
respectively. Additionally, the Company intends to increase its international
sales efforts. Foreign manufacturing and sales are subject to a number of risks,
including work stoppages, transportation delays, changing economic conditions,
expropriation, political unrest, nationalization, the imposition of tariffs,
import and export controls and other nontariff barriers, exposure to different
legal standards (particularly with respect to intellectual property), burdens
with complying with a variety of foreign laws and changes in domestic and
foreign governmental policies, any of which could have a material adverse effect
on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. The
Company has not experienced material losses as a result of fluctuation in the
value of foreign currencies. The Company's net sales and cost of goods sold are
denominated in U.S. Dollars; consequently, the Company does not engage in
currency hedging. Nevertheless, currency fluctuations could adversely affect the
Company in the future. Also, the Company may be subjected to additional duties,
significant monetary penalties, the seizure and the forfeiture of the products
the Company is attempting to import or the loss of its import privileges if the
Company or its suppliers are found to be in violation of U.S. laws and
regulations applicable to the importation of the Company's products. Such
violations may include (i) inadequate record keeping of its imported products,
(ii) misstatements or errors as to the origin, quota category, classification,
marketing or valuation of its imported products, (iii) fraudulent visas or (iv)
labor violations under U.S. or foreign laws. There can be no assurance that the
Company will not incur significant penalties (monetary or otherwise) if the
United States Customs Service determines that these laws or regulations have
been violated or that the Company failed to exercise reasonable care in its
obligations to comply with these laws or regulations on an informed basis. Such
factors could render the conduct of business in a particular country undesirable
or impractical, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. The Company continues
to monitor the political and economic stability of the Asian countries with
which it conducts business. A substantial portion of the Company's footwear is
manufactured in China. China currently enjoys "normal trade relations" status
under United States tariff laws, which provides a favorable category of United
States import duties. As a result of continuing concerns in the United States
Congress regarding China's human rights policies, disputes regarding Chinese
trade policies, including the country's inadequate protection of United States
intellectual property rights, and current relations with China regarding weapons
information there has been, and may be in the future, opposition to the
extension of "normal trade relations"
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status for China. By the end of July 1999, Congress will decide whether to
extend "normal trade relations" for another year. The loss of "normal trade
relations" status for China would result in a substantial increase in the import
duty of goods manufactured in China and imported into the United States and
would result in increased costs for the Company. Such increases in import duties
and costs could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Although the footwear sold by the Company is not currently subject to
quotas in the United States, certain countries in which the Company's products
are sold are subject to certain quotas and restrictions on foreign products
which to date have not had a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. However, such countries may alter
or modify such quotas or restrictions. Countries in which the Company's products
are manufactured may, from time to time, impose new or adjust quotas or other
restrictions on exported products, and the United States may impose new duties,
tariffs and other restrictions on imported products, any of which could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations and its ability to import products at the Company's
current or increased quantity levels. Other restrictions on the importation of
the Company's products are periodically considered by the U.S. Congress, and
there can be no assurance that tariffs or duties on the Company's products may
not be raised, resulting in higher costs to the Company, or that import quotas
with respect to such products may not be imposed or made more restrictive.
DEPENDENCE ON CONTRACT MANUFACTURERS
The Company's footwear products are currently manufactured by independent
contract manufacturers. For the year ended December 31, 1998 and the three
months ended March 31, 1999, the top four manufacturers of the Company's
manufactured products accounted for 15.4%, 14.2%, 12.1% and 10.4% of total
purchases and 15.8%, 14.0%, 13.2% and 10.0% of total purchases, respectively.
Other than the foregoing, no one manufacturer accounted for 10.0% or more of the
Company's total purchases for either period. The Company has no long-term
contracts with its manufacturers and competes with other footwear companies for
production facilities. Although the Company has established close working
relationships with its principal manufacturers, the Company's future success
will depend, in large part, on maintaining such relationships and developing new
relationships. There can be no assurance that the Company will not experience
difficulties with such manufacturers, including reduction in the availability of
production capacity, failure to meet the Company's quality control standards,
failure to meet production deadlines or increase in manufacturing costs. This
could result in cancellation of orders, refusal to accept deliveries or a
reduction in purchase prices, any of which could have a material adverse effect
on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In the
event that the Company's current manufacturers were for any reason to cease
doing business with the Company, the Company could experience an interruption in
the manufacture of its products, which could have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Although
the Company believes that it could find alternative sources to manufacture its
products within 90 to 120 days after the date of disruption, establishment of
new manufacturing relationships involves various uncertainties, including
payment terms, costs of manufacturing, adequacy of manufacturing capacity,
quality control and timeliness of delivery. The Company cannot predict whether
it will be able to establish new manufacturing relationships, either in the
countries in which it currently does business or in other countries in which it
does not currently do business, that will be as favorable as those that now
exist. Any significant delay in manufacture of the Company's footwear products
or the inability to provide products consistent with the Company's standards,
would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. See "Business -- Sourcing."
The Company requires its independent contract manufacturers to operate in
compliance with applicable laws and regulations. The Company requires its
manufacturers to certify that neither convict, forced, indentured labor (as
defined under U.S. law) nor child labor (as defined by the
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manufacturer's country) was used in the production process, that compensation
will be paid in accordance with local law and that the factory is in compliance
with local safety regulations. Although the Company's operating guidelines
promote ethical business practices and the Company's sourcing personnel
periodically visit and monitor the operations of its independent contract
manufacturers, the Company does not control these vendors or their labor
practices. The violation of labor or other laws by an independent contract
manufacturer of the Company, or the divergence of an independent contract
manufacturer's labor practices from those generally accepted as ethical in the
United States, could result in adverse publicity for the Company and could have
a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations.
DEPENDENCE ON KEY CUSTOMERS AND SALES REPRESENTATIVES
During the year ended December 31, 1998 and the three months ended March
31, 1999, the Company's net sales to its five largest customers accounted for
approximately 34.8% and 25.3% of total net sales, respectively. For the year
ended December 31, 1998, The Venator Group represented 11.8% of the Company's
net sales. Other than the foregoing, no one customer accounted for 10.0% or more
of net sales for either period. Although the Company has long-term relationships
with many of its customers, none of its customers has any contractual
obligations to purchase the Company's products. There can be no assurance that
the Company will be able to retain its existing major customers. In addition,
the retail industry has periodically experienced consolidation, contractions and
closings and any future consolidation, contractions or closings may result in
loss of customers or uncollectability of accounts receivables of any major
customer in excess of amounts insured by the Company. For example, in late 1998.
The Venator Group announced the closure of its Kinney and Footquarters shoe
stores and, in early 1999, Edison Brothers closed its Wild Pair shoe stores.
As of December 31, 1998 and March 31, 1999, Famous Footwear represented
12.6% and 10.0% of trade receivables, respectively. Other than the foregoing, no
one customer accounted for 10.0% or more of trade receivables for either period.
The loss of or significant decrease in sales to any one of the Company's major
customers or uncollectability of any accounts receivable of any major customer
in excess of amounts insured could have a material adverse effect on its
business, financial condition and results of operations. See
"Business -- Sales."
In addition, for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the three months
ended March 31, 1999, the top five salespersons accounted for 39.8% and 28.8% of
the Company's net sales, respectively. One of these salespersons generated 17.9%
of the Company's net sales for the year ended December 31, 1998 and 10.7% for
the three months ended March 31, 1999. Other than the foregoing, no salesperson
accounted for 10.0% or more of net sales for either period. The Company has
entered into employment agreements with each of its salespersons. Although each
salesperson has agreed under these agreements to keep certain information of the
Company confidential, these salespersons are not subject to non-competition
agreements with the Company. The loss of any of such salespersons may result in
the disruption of service to such customers serviced by such salespersons, which
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations.
SEASONALITY; QUARTERLY FLUCTUATIONS
Sales of footwear products are somewhat seasonal in nature with the
strongest sales generally occurring in the third and fourth quarters. In 1996
and 1997, 34.0% and 34.0% of net sales, respectively, and 94.7% and 52.5% of
earnings from operations, respectively, were generated in the third quarter and
28.2% and 33.2% of net sales, respectively, and 56.1% and 35.1% of earnings from
operations, respectively, were generated in the fourth quarter. However, in
1998, 38.4% of net sales and 72.0% of earnings from operations were generated in
the third quarter and 22.0% of net sales and a loss from operations were
generated in the fourth quarter. The Company's net sales in the fourth quarter
of 1998 were adversely affected by the overall weakness in the retail footwear
market. Also, operating expenses for the fourth quarter of 1998 were impacted by
certain discretionary
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expenses of approximately $3.2 million and by significantly higher marketing
expenses as a percentage of net sales than the Company typically incurs. The
Company has experienced and expects to continue to experience variability in its
net sales, operating results and net earnings on a quarterly basis. The
Company's domestic customers generally assume responsibility for scheduling
pickup and delivery of purchased products. Any delay in scheduling or pickup
which is beyond the Company's control, could materially negatively impact the
Company's net sales and results of operations for any given quarter. The Company
believes the factors which influence this variability include (i) the timing of
the Company's introduction of new footwear products, (ii) the level of consumer
acceptance of new and existing products, (iii) general economic and industry
conditions that affect consumer spending and retail purchasing, (iv) the timing
of the placement, cancellation or pickup of customer orders, (v) increases in
the number of employees and overhead to support growth, (vi) the timing of
expenditures in anticipation of increased sales and customer delivery
requirements, (vii) the number and timing of new Company retail store openings
and (viii) actions by competitors. Due to these and other factors, the results
for any particular quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for the
full year. This cyclicality and any related fluctuation in consumer demand could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Quarterly Results and
Seasonality" and "Business -- Sales."
EXPOSURE TO FLUCTUATIONS IN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
The footwear industry in general is dependent on the economic environment
and levels of consumer spending which affect not only the ultimate consumer, but
also retailers, the Company's primary direct customers. Purchases of footwear
tend to decline in periods of recession or uncertainty regarding future economic
prospects, when consumer spending, particularly on discretionary items,
declines. As a result, the Company's operating results may be adversely affected
by downward trends in the economy or the occurrence of events that adversely
affect the economy in general. See "Business -- Industry Overview."
INTENSE COMPETITION IN THE FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY
Competition in the footwear industry is intense. Although the Company
believes that it does not compete directly with any single company with respect
to its entire range of products, the Company's products compete with other
branded products within their product category as well as with private label
products sold by retailers, including some of the Company's customers. The
Company's utility footwear and casual shoes compete with footwear offered by
companies such as The Timberland Company, Dr. Martens, Kenneth Cole Productions,
Steven Madden, Ltd. and Wolverine World Wide, Inc. The Company's athletic shoes
compete with brands of athletic footwear offered by companies such as Nike,
Inc., Reebok International Ltd., adidas-Salomon AG and New Balance. The
Company's children's shoes compete with brands of children's footwear offered by
companies such as The Stride Rite Corporation. In varying degrees, depending on
the product category involved, the Company competes on the basis of style,
price, quality, comfort and brand name prestige and recognition, among other
considerations. These and other competitors pose challenges to the Company's
market share in its major domestic markets and may make it more difficult to
establish the Company in Europe, Asia and other international regions. The
Company also competes with numerous manufacturers, importers and distributors of
footwear for the limited shelf space available for the display of such products
to the consumer. Moreover, the general availability of contract manufacturing
capacity allows ease of access by new market entrants. Many of the Company's
competitors are larger, have achieved greater recognition for their brand names,
have captured greater market share and/or have substantially greater financial,
distribution, marketing and other resources than the Company. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully against present
or future competitors or that competitive pressures faced by the Company will
not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. See "Business -- Competition."
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RISKS RELATING TO ADVANCE PURCHASES OF PRODUCTS
To minimize purchasing costs, the time necessary to fill customer orders
and the risk of non-delivery, the Company places orders for certain of its
products with its manufacturers prior to the time the Company has received all
of its customers' orders and maintains an inventory of certain products that it
anticipates will be in greater demand. There can be no assurance, however, that
the Company will be able to sell the products it has ordered from manufacturers
or that it has in its inventory. Inventory levels in excess of customer demand
may result in inventory write-downs and the sale of excess inventory at
discounted prices could significantly impair the Company's brand image and could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations. As of March 31, 1999, the Company had approximately
$78.9 million of open purchase orders with its manufacturers and $44.3 million
of inventory relating to order backlog of $136.5 million.
ADDITIONAL CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
The Company expects that anticipated cash flow from operations, available
borrowings under the Company's revolving line of credit, after the repayment of
indebtedness described under "Use of Proceeds," cash on hand and its financing
arrangements will be sufficient to provide the Company with the liquidity
necessary to fund its anticipated working capital and capital requirements
through fiscal 2000. However, in connection with its growth strategy, the
Company will incur significant working capital requirements and capital
expenditures. The Company's future capital requirements will depend on many
factors, including, but not limited to, the levels at which the Company
maintains inventory, the market acceptance of the Company's footwear, the levels
of promotion and advertising required to promote its footwear, the extent to
which the Company invests in new product design and improvements to its existing
product design and the number and timing of new store openings. To the extent
that available funds are insufficient to fund the Company's future activities,
the Company may need to raise additional funds through public or private
financing. No assurance can be given that additional financing will be available
or that, if available, it can be obtained on terms favorable to the Company.
Failure to obtain such financing could delay or prevent the Company's planned
expansion, which could adversely affect the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, if additional capital is
raised through the sale of additional equity or convertible securities, dilution
to the Company's stockholders could occur. See "Use of Proceeds" and
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations -- Liquidity and Capital Resources."
ABILITY TO PROTECT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
The Company relies on trademark, copyright and trade secret protection,
patents, non-disclosure agreements and licensing arrangements to establish,
protect and enforce intellectual property rights in its products. In particular,
the Company believes that its future success will depend in significant part on
the Company's ability to maintain and protect the Skechers trademark. The
Company vigorously defends its trademarks against infringement. Despite the
Company's efforts to safeguard and maintain its intellectual property rights,
there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in this regard.
There can be no assurance that third parties will not assert intellectual
property claims against the Company in the future. Furthermore, there can be no
assurance that the Company's trademarks, products and promotional materials do
not or will not violate the intellectual property rights of others, that its
intellectual property would be upheld if challenged, or that the Company would,
in such an event, not be prevented from using its trademarks and other
intellectual property. Such claims, if proved, could materially and adversely
affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In
addition, although any such claims may ultimately prove to be without merit, the
necessary management attention to and legal costs associated with litigation or
other resolution of future claims concerning trademarks and other intellectual
property rights, could materially and adversely affect the Company's business,
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financial condition and results of operations. The Company has sued and has been
sued by third parties in connection with certain matters regarding its
trademarks, none of which has materially impaired the Company's ability to
utilize its trademarks.
The laws of certain foreign countries do not protect intellectual property
rights to the same extent or in the same manner as do the laws of the United
States. Although the Company continues to implement protective measures and
intends to defend its intellectual property rights vigorously, there can be no
assurance that these efforts will be successful or that the costs associated
with protecting its rights in certain jurisdictions will not be prohibitive.
From time to time, the Company discovers products in the marketplace that
are counterfeit reproductions of the Company's products or that otherwise
infringe upon intellectual property rights held by the Company. There can be no
assurance that actions taken by the Company to establish and protect its
intellectual property rights will be adequate to prevent imitation of its
products by others or to prevent others from seeking to block sales of the
Company's products as violating intellectual property rights. If the Company is
unsuccessful in challenging a third party's products on the basis of
infringement of its intellectual property rights, continued sales of such
product by that or any other third party could adversely impact the Skechers
trademark, result in the shift of consumer preferences away from the Company and
generally have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. See "Business -- Intellectual Property
Rights."
DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL
The Company's success depends to a large extent upon the expertise and
continuing contributions of Robert Greenberg, Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer, Michael Greenberg, President, and David Weinberg, Executive
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Upon the consummation of the
Offering, each of these officers will enter into three-year employment contracts
with the Company. These agreements will not have non-competition provisions upon
termination of employment. See "Management -- Executive
Compensation -- Employment Agreements." The loss of the services of any of these
individuals or any other key employee could have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. The
Company's future success also depends on its ability to identify, attract and
retain additional qualified personnel. The competition for such employees is
intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in
identifying, attracting and retaining such personnel. The Company maintains $5.0
million of "key man" life insurance on the life of Robert Greenberg. The loss of
key employees or the inability to hire or retain qualified personnel in the
future could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. See "Management -- Directors, Executive
Officers and Key Employees."
CONTROL OF THE COMPANY BY PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDER; DISPARATE VOTING RIGHTS
After the Offering, Robert Greenberg, Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer, will beneficially own 64.2% of the outstanding Class B Common
Stock of the Company (or approximately 61.9% of the outstanding Class B Common
Stock if the Underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full). The
holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock have identical rights
except that holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share
while holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to ten votes per share on all
matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. As a result, Mr. Greenberg will
hold approximately 61.7% of the aggregate number of votes eligible to be cast by
the Company's stockholders (or approximately 58.9% if the Underwriters'
over-allotment option is exercised in full). Therefore, Mr. Greenberg will be
able to control substantially all matters requiring approval by the stockholders
of the Company, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers
or other business combination transactions, and will also have control over the
management and affairs of the Company. As a result of such control, certain
transactions may not be possible without the approval of Mr. Greenberg,
including proxy
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contests, tender offers, open market purchase programs or other transactions
that could give stockholders of the Company the opportunity to realize a premium
over the then-prevailing market prices for their shares of Class A Common Stock.
The differential in the voting rights could adversely affect the value of the
Class A Common Stock to the extent that investors or any potential future
purchaser of the Company view the superior voting rights of the Class B Common
Stock to have value. See "Management," "Principal and Selling Stockholders" and
"Description of Capital Stock."
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS
The Company is subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203 of
the Delaware General Corporation Law ("DGCL"). In general, Section 203 prevents
an "interested stockholder" (defined generally as a person owning more than
15.0% or more of the Company's outstanding voting stock) from engaging in a
"business combination" with the Company for three years following the date that
person became an interested stockholder unless the business combination is
approved in a prescribed manner. This statute could make it more difficult for a
third party to acquire control of the Company. See "Description of Capital
Stock -- Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law."
The Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to 10,000,000 shares
of Preferred Stock and to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions of such shares without any further vote or action by the
stockholders. Although at present the Company has no plans to issue any shares
of Preferred Stock, Preferred Stock could be issued with voting, liquidation,
dividend and other rights superior to the rights of the Common Stock. The
issuance of Preferred Stock under certain circumstances could have the effect of
delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company. See "Description of
Capital Stock."
Mr. Greenberg's substantial beneficial ownership position, together with
the authorization of Preferred Stock, the disparate voting rights between the
Class A and Class B Common Stock, the classification of the Board of Directors
and the lack of cumulative voting in the Company's Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in
control of the Company, may discourage bids for the Company's Class A Common
Stock at a premium over the market price of the Class A Common Stock and may
adversely affect the market price of the Class A Common Stock. See "Principal
and Selling Stockholders" and "Description of Capital Stock."
NO ASSURANCE OF ACTIVE TRADING MARKET FOR CLASS A COMMON STOCK AND POSSIBLE
VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE
Prior to the Offering, there has been no public market for the Company's
Class A Common Stock. Although the Company has been authorized to list the Class
A Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange, there can be no assurance that an
active public trading market for the Class A Common Stock will develop after the
Offering or that, if developed, it will be sustained. The public offering price
of the Class A Common Stock offered hereby will be determined by negotiations
between the Company, the selling stockholders and the Representatives of the
Underwriters and may not be indicative of the price at which the Class A Common
Stock will trade after the Offering. Consequently, there can be no assurance
that the market price for the Class A Common Stock will not fall below the
initial public offering price. The market price for shares of the Class A Common
Stock may be volatile and may fluctuate based upon a number of factors,
including, without limitation, business performance, news announcements,
quarterly fluctuations in the Company's financial results, changes in earnings
estimates or recommendations by analysts or changes in general economic and
market conditions. See "Underwriting."
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE; REGISTRATION RIGHTS
The sales of substantial amounts of the Company's Class A Common Stock in
the public market or the prospect of such sales could materially and adversely
affect the market price of the Class A Common Stock. Upon completion of the
Offering, the Company will have outstanding
17
<PAGE> 19
10,715,000 shares of Class A Common Stock. In addition, the Company will have
outstanding 26,024,155 shares of Class B Common Stock, all of which will be
convertible into Class A Common Stock on a share-for-share basis at the election
of the holder or upon transfer or disposition to persons who are not Permitted
Transferees (as defined in the Company's Certificate of Incorporation). The
10,715,000 shares of Class A Common Stock offered hereby will be immediately
eligible for sale in the public market without restriction beginning on the date
of this Prospectus. The 26,024,155 shares of Class B Common Stock are restricted
in nature and are saleable pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). All executive officers, directors,
stockholders and optionholders of the Company (including the selling
stockholders) have agreed that they will not, without the prior written consent
of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated on behalf of the Underwriters (which consent may
be withheld in its sole discretion) and subject to certain limited exceptions,
offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase,
sell short, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or
warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or
indirectly, any shares of Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or
exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, or enter into any swap or similar
agreement that transfers in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences
of ownership of the Common Stock, for a period commencing on the date of this
Prospectus and continuing to a date 180 days after such date; provided, however,
that such restrictions do not apply to shares of Class A Common Stock sold or
purchased in the Offering or to shares of Class A Common Stock purchased in the
open market following the Offering. BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, on behalf of
the Underwriters, may, in its sole discretion and at any time without notice,
release all or any portion of the securities subject to these lock-up
agreements. Upon consummation of the Offering, Robert Greenberg, Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer, and Michael Greenberg, President, will
beneficially own an aggregate of 19,356,329 shares of Class B Common Stock for
which they have received certain registration rights to sell such shares of
Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of their shares of Class B Common
Stock in the public market. The Company also intends to register under the
Securities Act shares of Class A Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to
the Stock Option Plan and the 1998 Purchase Plan. See "Shares Eligible for
Future Sale" and "Underwriting."
YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE
The Company is assessing the internal readiness of its computer systems for
handling the year 2000 ("Y2K") issue. Although the Company is not aware of any
material operational issues associated with preparing its internal systems for
the Y2K, there can be no assurance that there will not be a delay in the
implementation of the necessary systems and changes to address the Y2K issues.
The Company's inability to implement such systems and changes in a timely manner
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. Furthermore, even if the internal systems
of the Company are not materially affected by the Y2K issue, the Company could
be affected by disruptions in the operation of the enterprises with which the
Company interacts. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations -- Year 2000 Compliance."
IMMEDIATE AND SUBSTANTIAL DILUTION
The anticipated initial public offering price is substantially higher than
the book value per outstanding share of the Class A Common Stock. Purchasers of
the Class A Common Stock will experience immediate and substantial dilution in
net tangible book value of $10.95 per share based upon an assumed initial public
offering price of $14.00 per share. Moreover, to the extent outstanding options
to purchase Class A Common Stock are exercised in the future, there will be
further dilution. See "Dilution."
18
<PAGE> 20
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds to be received by the Company from the sale of the
8,925,000 shares of Class A Common Stock offered by the Company (after deducting
the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated Offering
expenses payable by the Company) are estimated to be $114.2 million. The Company
intends to apply the net proceeds from the Offering (i) to repay all
indebtedness owed under its revolving line of credit (which had an outstanding
balance of $46.9 million as of March 31, 1999), (ii) to repay a $10.0 million
subordinated note (the "Subordinated Note") and a $1.8 million unsubordinated
note (the "Unsubordinated Note"), each owing to the Greenberg Family Trust,
(iii) to make the Final 1998 Distribution, which consists of the final
installment of Federal income taxes payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998
and is anticipated to be $7.6 million, (iv) to make the Final Tax Distribution,
which consists of income taxes payable on S Corporation earnings from January 1,
1999 through the date of termination of the Company's S Corporation status and
is anticipated to be $1.7 million and (v) to make the Final S Corporation
Distribution, which is designed to constitute the substantial portion of the
Company's remaining undistributed accumulated S Corporation earnings through the
date of termination of the Company's S Corporation status and is anticipated to
be $20.0 million. The remainder of the net proceeds will be used for other
general corporate purposes, including working capital.
The revolving line of credit to be repaid is part of a credit facility
provided by Heller Financial, Inc. The revolving line of credit provides for
borrowings of up to $120.0 million and bears interest at the Company's option at
either the prime rate (7.75% at March 31, 1999) plus 25 basis points or at Libor
(5.06% at March 31, 1999) plus 2.75%. Approximately $46.9 million was
outstanding under the revolving line of credit as of March 31, 1999. By repaying
this indebtedness, the Company expects to have additional flexibility and
liquidity to pursue its growth strategies. The Subordinated Note and
Unsubordinated Note each bear interest at the prime rate (7.75% at March 31,
1999) and are due on demand. The Greenberg Family Trust has agreed not to call
the Subordinated Note prior to April 2000. The proceeds from the issuance of
these notes were used to repay a term note in the principal amount of $13.3
million owed to Heller Financial, Inc. See "Certain Transactions."
The Company will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Class
A Common Stock by the selling stockholders.
PRIOR S CORPORATION STATUS
In May 1992, the Company elected to be treated for Federal and state income
tax purposes as an S Corporation under Subchapter S of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and comparable state laws. As a result,
earnings of the Company, since such initial election, have been included in the
taxable income of the Company's stockholders for Federal and state income tax
purposes, and the Company has not been subject to income tax on such earnings,
other than franchise and net worth taxes. Prior to the closing of the Offering,
the Company will terminate its S Corporation status, and the Company will be
treated for Federal and state income tax purposes as a corporation under
Subchapter C of the Code and, as a result, will become subject to state and
Federal income taxes.
By reason of the Company's treatment as an S Corporation for Federal and
state income tax purposes, the Company, since inception, has provided to its
stockholders funds for the payment of income taxes on the earnings of the
Company. The Company declared distributions consisting of amounts attributable
to payment of such taxes of $112,000, $3.2 million and $7.9 million in 1996,
1997 and 1998, respectively. In January 1999, the Company made a $370,000 S
Corporation distribution, $350,000 of which consisted of assets related to the
"Cross Colours" trademark and approximately $20,000 of which was paid in cash
(the "January 1999 Distribution"). See "Certain Transactions." In April 1999,
the Company made the first installment of Federal income taxes payable on S
Corporation earnings for 1998 (the "April Tax Distribution"). Also, the Company
will use a portion of the proceeds of the Offering to make the final installment
of Federal income taxes
19
<PAGE> 21
payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998 (the "Final 1998 Distribution"). The
amount of the April Tax Distribution was $3.5 million and the amount of the
Final 1998 Distribution is estimated to be approximately $7.6 million.
Upon the termination of the Company's S Corporation status, the Company
will declare (i) the Final Tax Distribution consisting of income taxes payable
on S Corporation earnings from January 1, 1999 through the date of termination
of the Company's S Corporation status, and (ii) the Final S Corporation
Distribution in an amount designed to constitute the substantial portion of the
Company's remaining undistributed accumulated S Corporation earnings through the
date of termination of the Company's S Corporation status. The Company estimates
that the amount of the Final Tax Distribution will be approximately $1.7 million
(the "Final Tax Distribution") and the amount of the Final S Corporation
Distribution will be approximately $20.0 million (the "Final S Corporation
Distribution"); such amounts will be paid with a portion of the net proceeds of
the Offering. See "Use of Proceeds." Purchasers of shares of Class A Common
Stock in the Offering will not receive any portion of the Final 1998
Distribution, the Final Tax Distribution or the Final S Corporation
Distribution. On and after the date of such termination, the Company will no
longer be treated as an S Corporation and, accordingly, will be fully subject to
Federal and state income taxes. All pro forma income taxes reflect adjustments
for Federal and state income taxes as if the Company had been taxed as a C
Corporation rather than an S Corporation.
In connection with the Offering and the termination of the Company's S
Corporation tax status, the Company will enter into a tax indemnification
agreement with each of its stockholders. The agreement will provide that the
Company will indemnify and hold harmless each of the stockholders for Federal,
state, local or foreign income tax liabilities, and costs relating thereto,
resulting from any adjustment to the Company's taxable income that is the result
of an increase in or change in character of, the Company's income during the
period it was treated as an S Corporation up to the Company's tax savings in
connection with such adjustments. The agreements will also provide that if there
is a determination that the Company was not an S Corporation prior to the
Offering, the stockholders will indemnify the Company for the additional tax
liability arising as a result of such determination. The stockholders will also
indemnify the Company for any increase in the Company's tax liability to the
extent such increase results in a related decrease in the stockholders' tax
liability.
DIVIDEND POLICY
The Company anticipates that the Final 1998 Distribution, to be paid with a
portion of the net proceeds of the Offering to the Company, and after the
payment of the Final Tax Distribution and the Final S Corporation Distribution
in connection with the termination of the S Corporation status of the Company,
all earnings will be retained for the foreseeable future for use in the
operations of the business. Purchasers of shares of Class A Common Stock in the
Offering will not receive any portion of the Final 1998 Distribution, the Final
Tax Distribution or the Final S Corporation Distribution. Any future
determination as to the declaration or payment of dividends will be at the
discretion of the Company's Board of Directors and will depend upon the
Company's results of operations, financial condition, contractual restrictions
and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors. The Company's
credit facility prohibits the payment of dividends by the Company if the Company
is in default of any provisions of the credit facility. For certain information
regarding S Corporation distributions declared by the Company in 1996, 1997 and
1998 and the January 1999 Distribution, the April Tax Distribution, the Final
1998 Distribution, the Final Tax Distribution and the Final S Corporation
Distribution, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations -- Liquidity and Capital Resources."
20
<PAGE> 22
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth the capitalization of the Company after
giving effect to the Recapitalization (i) on an actual basis as of March 31,
1999 (when the Company was an S Corporation), (ii) on a pro forma basis to
reflect the April Tax Distribution of $3.5 million and (iii) on a pro forma
basis as adjusted to reflect (A) the Final 1998 Distribution, estimated to be
$7.6 million, the Final Tax Distribution, estimated to be $1.7 million, and the
Final S Corporation Distribution, estimated to be $20.0 million, to be made in
connection with the termination of the Company's S Corporation status (see
"Prior S Corporation Status"), (B) the recording by the Company of $2.0 million
of deferred tax assets as if the Company were treated as a C Corporation since
its inception, (C) the issuance and sale of the shares of Class A Common Stock
offered by the Company at an assumed initial public offering price of $14.00 per
share (the mid-point of the range), after deducting the estimated underwriting
discounts and commissions and estimated Offering expenses payable by the
Company, and the anticipated application of the estimated net proceeds
therefrom, and (D) the repayment of $46.9 million under the revolving line of
credit and $11.8 million under two term notes to a stockholder. This table
should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the
Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Prospectus.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF MARCH 31, 1999
-----------------------------------------
PRO FORMA,
ACTUAL PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED(1)(2)
------- --------- -----------------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Short-term debt(3)................................. $49,396 $49,396 $ 744
======= ======= ========
Long-term debt:
Notes payable to stockholder..................... $10,000 $10,000 $ --
Other long-term debt............................. 3,493 3,493 3,493
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred Stock, $.001 par value; 10,000,000
shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
actual, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted... -- -- --
Class A Common Stock, $.001 par value;
100,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and
outstanding actual and pro forma; 10,715,000
shares issued and outstanding pro forma as
adjusted(4)................................... -- -- 11
Class B Common Stock, $.001 par value; 60,000,000
shares authorized; 27,814,155 shares issued
and outstanding actual and pro forma;
26,024,155 shares issued and outstanding pro
forma as adjusted............................. 2 2 26
Additional paid-in capital(5).................... -- -- 114,829
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit).......... 30,733 27,193 (85)
------- ------- --------
Total stockholders' equity............... 30,735 27,195 114,781
------- ------- --------
Total capitalization..................... $44,228 $40,688 $118,274
======= ======= ========
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Reflects the conversion of 1,790,000 shares of Class B Common Stock into
1,790,000 shares of Class A Common Stock as a result of the anticipated sale
of stock by the selling stockholders pursuant to the Offering.
(2) Repayment of short-term debt includes $46,857,000 under the revolving line
of credit and $1,795,000 of the Unsubordinated Note. Repayment of long-term
debt includes $10,000,000 of the Subordinated Note.
(3) Includes the current installments of other long-term debt of $744,000 and
the Unsubordinated Note payable to stockholder of $1,795,000.
(4) Excludes options to acquire 1,390,715 shares of Class A Common Stock
outstanding as of March 31, 1999, at a per share exercise price of $2.78.
Options to purchase an aggregate of 1,142,907 shares of Class A Common Stock
are expected to be granted to certain employees and non-employee directors
of the Company at the effective date of the Offering at a per share exercise
price equal to the initial public offering price. See "Management -- Stock
Options."
(5) In 1998, the Company charged to expense $660,000 of costs related to the
Offering.
21
<PAGE> 23
DILUTION
The net tangible book value of the Company's Common Stock at March 31, 1999
was approximately $30.0 million or $1.08 per share. The pro forma net tangible
book value of the Company's Common Stock at March 31, 1999 was approximately
$(2.9) million or $(.10) per share. Pro forma net tangible book value per share
represents total tangible assets reduced by the amount of total liabilities,
divided by the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding, after giving effect
to (i) the April Tax Distribution of $3.5 million which was paid in April 1999
and (ii) the Final 1998 Distribution estimated to be $7.6 million, the Final Tax
Distribution estimated to be $1.7 million and the Final S Corporation
Distribution estimated to be $20.0 million and payment of each thereof with a
portion of the net proceeds of the Offering (see "Prior S Corporation Status").
After giving effect to the sale by the Company of the shares of Class A Common
Stock offered by the Company hereby at an assumed initial public offering price
of $14.00 per share (the mid-point of the range), after deducting the estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated Offering expenses, the pro
forma as adjusted net tangible book value of the Company at March 31, 1999 would
have been $112.0 million or $3.05 per share of Common Stock. This represents an
immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $3.15 per share to
existing stockholders and an immediate and substantial dilution of $10.95 per
share to new investors purchasing shares in the Offering. The following table
illustrates this per share dilution:
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
Assumed initial public offering price per share............. $ 14.00
Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of March
31, 1999............................................... $ (.10)
Increase per share attributable to new investors.......... 3.15
--------
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share
after the Offering........................................ 3.05
--------
Dilution per share to new investors......................... $ 10.95
========
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis as of March 31, 1999,
after giving effect to the adjustments set forth above, the number of shares of
Class A Common Stock purchased from the Company, the total consideration paid to
the Company and the average price per share of Common Stock paid by the existing
stockholders and by the new investors in the Offering:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHARES TOTAL
PURCHASED CONSIDERATION
--------------------- ----------------------- AVERAGE PRICE
NUMBER PERCENT AMOUNT PERCENT PER SHARE
---------- ------- ------------ ------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Existing stockholders(1).... 27,814,155 75.7% $ 2,000 0.0% $ 0.00
New investors(1)............ 8,925,000 24.3 124,950,000 100.0 $14.00
---------- ----- ------------ ------
Total............. 36,739,155 100.0% $124,952,000 100.0%
========== ===== ============ ======
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Sales by the selling stockholders in the Offering will reduce the number of
shares held by existing stockholders to 26,024,155, or 70.8% of the total
number of shares of Common Stock outstanding after the Offering, and will
increase the number of shares held by new investors to 10,715,000 shares, or
29.2% of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding after the
Offering. See "Principal and Selling Stockholders."
The above tables exclude 1,390,715 shares of Class A Common Stock issuable
upon the exercise of outstanding stock options at an exercise price of $2.78. To
the extent outstanding options are exercised, new investors will experience
further dilution. See "Management -- Stock Options -- 1998 Stock Option Plan,"
"-- 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan" and Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.
22
<PAGE> 24
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
The selected data presented below under the captions "Statement of
Operations Data" and "Balance Sheet Data" for, and as of the end of, each of the
years in the five-year period ended December 31, 1998, are derived from the
Consolidated Financial Statements of Skechers U.S.A., Inc., which consolidated
financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent certified public
accountants. The Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 1997 and
1998, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
1998, and the report thereon, are included elsewhere in this Prospectus. The
selected financial data presented below under the caption "Pro Forma Statement
of Operations Data," and the selected statement of operations data for the three
months ended March 31, 1998 and 1999, and the selected balance sheet data as of
March 31, 1999, have been derived from the unaudited consolidated financial
statements of the Company, and include all adjustments, consisting solely of
normal recurring accruals, which management considers necessary for a fair
presentation of such financial information for those periods. Results of
operations for the three months ended March 31, 1999 are not necessarily
indicative of results for the full year.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, MARCH 31,
---------------------------------------------------- -----------------
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Net sales................................... $90,755 $110,649 $115,410 $183,827 $372,680 $59,873 $95,736
Cost of sales............................... 61,579 78,692 81,199 115,104 218,100 37,390 59,038
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Gross profit.............................. 29,176 31,957 34,211 68,723 154,580 22,483 36,698
Royalty income, net......................... 1,012 1,843 1,592 894 855 132 49
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
30,188 33,800 35,803 69,617 155,435 22,615 36,747
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Operating expenses:
Selling................................... 10,872 12,150 11,739 21,584 49,983 7,017 15,571
General and administrative................ 15,810 19,850 18,939 32,397 71,461 13,093 16,397
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
26,682 32,000 30,678(1) 53,981 121,444 20,110 31,968
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Earnings from operations.................. 3,506 1,800 5,125 15,636 33,991 2,505 4,779
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Other income (expense):
Interest.................................. (2,461) (3,676) (3,231) (4,186) (8,631) (1,484) (1,754)
Other, net................................ 18 214 61 (37) (239) 64 482
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
(2,443) (3,462) (3,170) (4,223) (8,870) (1,420) (1,272)
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and 1,085 3,507
extraordinary credit.................... 1,063 (1,662) 1,955 11,413 25,121
State income taxes -- all current........... 54 3 45 390 650 33 78
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Earnings (loss) before extraordinary 1,052 3,429
credit.................................. 1,009 (1,665) 1,910 11,023 24,471
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Extraordinary credit, net of state income -- --
taxes..................................... -- 443(1) -- -- --
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Net earnings (loss)....................... $ 1,009 $(1,222) $ 1,910 $11,023 $24,471 $ 1,052 $ 3,429
======= ======== ======== ======== ======== ======= =======
PRO FORMA OPERATIONS DATA:(2)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and $ 1,085 $ 3,507
extraordinary credit...................... $ 1,063 $(1,662) $ 1,955 $11,413 $25,121
Income taxes (benefit)...................... 425 (665) 782 4,565 10,048 434 1,403
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Earnings (loss) before extraordinary 651 2,104
credit.................................. 638 (997) 1,173 6,848 15,073
Extraordinary credit, net of state income -- --
taxes..................................... -- 270(1) -- -- --
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------- -------
Net earnings (loss)....................... $ 638 $ (727) $ 1,173 $ 6,848 $15,073 $ 651 $ 2,104
======= ======== ======== ======== ======== ======= =======
Net earnings (loss) per share:(3)
Basic..................................... $ .02 $ (.03) $ .04 $ .25 $ .54 $ .02 $ .08
Diluted................................... $ .02 $ (.03) $ .04 $ .24 $ .50 $ .02 $ .07
Weighted average shares:(3)
Basic..................................... 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814 27,814
Diluted................................... 29,067 29,067 29,067 29,067 30,136 29,996 29,919
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AS OF DECEMBER 31, AS OF
------------------------------------------------ MARCH 31,
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
------- ------- ------- ------- -------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital....................................... $ 8,930 $ 8,155 $11,987 $17,081 $ 23,106 $ 26,349
Total assets.......................................... 43,575 47,701 42,151 90,881 146,284 120,381
Total debt............................................ 28,180 31,748 25,661 39,062 70,933 62,889
Stockholders' equity.................................. 2,330 938 3,336 11,125 27,676 30,735
</TABLE>
23
<PAGE> 25
- ---------------
(1) Includes an extraordinary gain of $443,000 net of state income taxes of
$7,000 ($270,000 on a pro forma basis, net of $180,000) resulting from the
acceleration of the repayment of a note.
(2) Reflects adjustments for Federal and state income taxes as if the Company
had been taxed as a C Corporation, at the assumed rate of 40.0%, rather than
as an S Corporation.
(3) Weighted average diluted shares outstanding for the year ended December 31,
1998 and for each of the three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1999 includes
shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options
outstanding, after applying the treasury stock method based on an assumed
initial public offering price of $14.00 per share (the mid-point of the
range). The weighted average diluted shares for all periods presented also
gives effect to the sale by the Company of those shares of Class A Common
Stock necessary to fund the payment of the excess of (i) the sum of
stockholder distributions during the previous 12-month period (during fiscal
1998 for the determination of shares outstanding for each of the years in
the five year period ended December 31, 1998 and the three month period
ended March 31, 1998, and during the 15 months ended March 31, 1999 for the
determination of shares outstanding for the three month period ended March
31, 1999) and distributions paid or declared thereafter until the
consummation of the Offering over (ii) the S Corporation earnings in the
previous 12-month period (for the year ended December 31, 1998 and 15 months
for the three months ended March 31, 1999), based on an assumed initial
public offering price of $14.00 per share (the mid-point of the range), net
of estimated underwriting discounts. See "Capitalization" and
"Management -- Stock Options." For further information pertaining to the
calculation of earnings per share, see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.
24
<PAGE> 26
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.
This section contains certain forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties including, but not limited to, information with regard to the
Company's plans to increase the number of retail locations and styles of
footwear, the maintenance of customer accounts and expansion of business with
such accounts, the successful implementation of the Company's strategies, future
growth and growth rates, and future increases in net sales, expenses, capital
expenditures and net earnings. Without limiting the foregoing, the words
"believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "may," "will," "intends,"
"estimates" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking
statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties,
and the Company's actual results may differ materially from the results
discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors set
forth in "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Prospectus.
OVERVIEW
The Company designs and markets branded contemporary casual, active, rugged
and lifestyle footwear for men, women and children. The Company sells its
products to department stores such as Nordstrom, Macy's, Dillards,
Robinson's-May and JC Penney, and specialty retailers such as Genesco's Journeys
and Jarman chains, The Venator Group's Foot Locker and Lady Foot Locker chains,
Pacific Sunwear and Footaction U.S.A. The Company's marketing focus is to
maintain and enhance recognition of the Skechers brand name as a casual, active,
youthful, lifestyle brand that stands for quality, comfort and design
innovation. Although the Company spent 18.3% of net sales on marketing in the
fourth quarter of 1998, which raised total marketing expenditures for the year
to 11.3% of net sales, the Company typically endeavors to spend between 8.0% and
10.0% of net sales in the marketing of Skechers footwear through an integrated
effort of advertising, promotions, public relations, trade shows and other
marketing efforts.
The Company was founded in 1992 as a distributor of Dr. Martens footwear.
The Company began designing and marketing men's footwear under the Skechers
brand name and other brand names including "Cross Colours," "Karl Kani" and
"So . . . L.A." in 1992. Shortly after launching these branded footwear lines,
the Company discontinued distributing Dr. Martens footwear. In 1995, the Company
began to shift its focus to the Skechers brand name by de-emphasizing the sale
of "Kani" branded products and discontinuing the sale of "Cross Colours" and
"So . . . L.A." branded footwear. In early 1996, the Company substantially
increased its product offerings in, and marketing focus on, its Skechers women's
and children's lines. The Company divested the "Karl Kani" license in August
1997. Substantially all of the Company's products are marketed under the
Skechers name.
Management believes the Skechers product offerings of men's, women's and
children's footwear appeal to a broad customer base between the ages of 5 and 40
years. Skechers men's and women's footwear are primarily designed with the
active, youthful lifestyle of the 12 to 25 year old age group in mind. Products
include basic styles, and seasonal or fashion styles. Seasonal or fashion styles
are designed to establish or capitalize on market trends. The Company increased
its styles offered from approximately 600 for the year ended December 31, 1997
to approximately 900 for the year ended December 31, 1998. Management believes
that a substantial portion of the Company's gross sales were generated from
styles which management considers basic.
The Company has realized rapid growth since inception, increasing net sales
at a compound annual growth rate of 42.4% from $90.8 million in 1994 to $372.7
million in 1998. From 1997 to 1998, the Company experienced a 102.7% and 117.4%
increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively. In addition,
for the three months ended March 31, 1999, the Company experienced a 59.9% and
90.8% increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively, compared
to the comparable period from the prior year. From 1997 to 1998, the Company
also
25
<PAGE> 27
experienced an improvement in Gross Margin from 37.4% to 41.5% and Operating
Margin from 8.5% to 9.1%. For the three months ended March 31, 1999, the Company
increased its Gross Margin from 37.6% to 38.3% and its Operating Margin from
4.2% to 5.0% compared to the comparable period from the prior year. These
improvements resulted in part from the shift to offering Skechers product
exclusively and in part from economies of scale. In the future, the Company's
rate of growth will be dependent upon, among other things, the continued success
of its efforts to expand its footwear offerings. There can be no assurance that
the rate of growth will not decline in future periods or that the Company will
improve or maintain Operating Margins.
As the Company's net sales growth has accelerated, management has focused
on investing in infrastructure to support continued expansion in a disciplined
manner. Major areas of investment have included expanding the Company's
distribution facilities, hiring additional personnel, developing product
sourcing and quality control offices in Taiwan, upgrading the Company's
management information systems, developing and expanding the Company's retail
stores and launching its direct mail business in August 1998 through its web
site and catalog. The Company has established this infrastructure to achieve
further economies of scale in anticipation of continued increases in net sales.
Because expenses relating to this infrastructure are fixed, at least in the
short-term, operating results and margins would be adversely affected if the
Company does not achieve anticipated continued growth.
As of April 30, 1999, the Company operated 22 concept stores at marquee
locations in major metropolitan cities. Each concept store serves not only as a
showcase for the Company's full product offering for the current season but also
as a rapid product feedback mechanism. Product sell-through information derived
from the Company's concept stores enables the Company's sales, merchandising and
production staff to respond to market changes and new product introductions.
Such responses serve to augment sales and limit inventory markdowns and customer
returns and allowances. As of April 30, 1999, the Company also operated 16
factory and warehouse outlet stores that enable the Company to liquidate excess,
discontinued and odd-size inventory in a cost efficient manner. The Company
plans to increase the number of retail locations in the future to further its
strategic goals as well as in an effort to increase net sales and net earnings.
The Company plans to open at least two new concept stores and three new outlet
stores in the remainder of 1999. For the year ended December 31, 1998 and the
three months ended March 31, 1999 approximately 7.4% and 8.6% of net sales were
generated by the Company's retail stores, respectively.
During 1998, Skechers sold to approximately 2,200 retail accounts
representing in excess of 10,000 storefronts. For the year ended December 31,
1998, The Venator Group represented 11.8% of the Company's net sales. Other than
the foregoing, no one customer accounted for 10.0% or more of the Company's net
sales for either the year ended December 31, 1998 or the three months ended
March 31, 1999. Management has implemented a strategy of controlling the growth
of the distribution channels through which the Company's products are sold in
order to protect the Skechers brand name, properly service customer accounts and
better manage the growth of the business. Increasing sales to existing customers
and the opening of additional retail stores depend on various factors, including
strength of the Company's brand name, competitive conditions, the ability of the
Company to manage the increased sales and stores and the availability of
desirable locations. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to
increase its sales to existing customers or to open and operate new retail
stores on a profitable basis. There can be no assurance that the Company's
growth strategy will be successful or that the Company's net sales or net
earnings will increase as a result of the implementation of such efforts.
Although the Company's primary focus is on the domestic market, the Company
presently markets its product in countries in Europe, Asia and selected other
foreign regions through distributorship agreements. For the year ended December
31, 1998 and the three months ended March 31, 1999, approximately 9.1% and 10.7%
of the Company's net sales was derived from its international operations,
respectively. To date, substantially, all international sales have been made in
U.S. Dollars, although there can be no assurance that this will continue to be
the case. The Company's goal is to increase sales through distributors by
heightening the Company's marketing
26
<PAGE> 28
support in these countries. Sales through foreign distributors result in lower
Gross Margins to the Company than domestic sales. To the extent that the Company
expands its international operations through distribution arrangements, its
overall Gross Margins may be adversely affected. In 1998, the Company launched
its first major international advertising campaign in Europe and Asia. In an
effort to increase profit margins on products sold internationally and more
effectively promote the Skechers brand name, the Company is exploring selling
directly to retailers in certain European countries in the future. In addition,
the Company is exploring selectively opening flagship retail stores
internationally on its own or through joint ventures. There can be no assurance
that such expansion plans will be successful.
Management believes that selective licensing of the Skechers brand name to
non-footwear-related manufacturers may broaden and enhance the Skechers image
without requiring significant capital investments or the incurrence of
significant incremental operating expenses by the Company. Although the Company
has licensed certain manufacturers to produce and market certain Skechers
products on a limited basis, to date it has not derived any significant royalty
income from such licensing arrangements. Royalty income is recognized as revenue
when earned. The substantial portion of the Company's royalty income to date was
derived from royalties paid in connection with sales of "Karl Kani" licensed
apparel. The Company divested the license in August 1997. Management believes
that revenues from licensing agreements will not be a material source of growth
for the Company in the near term; however, management believes that such
revenues may present an attractive long-term opportunity with minimal near-term
costs.
The Company contracts with third parties for the manufacture of all of its
products. The Company does not own or operate any manufacturing facilities. For
the year ended December 31, 1998, the top four manufacturers of the Company's
products accounted for 15.4%, 14.2%, 12.1% and 10.4% of total purchases,
respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 1999, the top four
manufacturers of the Company's products accounted for 15.8%, 14.0%, 13.2% and
10.0% of total purchases, respectively. Other than the foregoing, no one
manufacturer accounted for more than 10.0% of the Company's total purchases for
such periods. To date, substantially all products are purchased in U.S. Dollars,
although there can be no assurance that this will continue to be the case. The
Company believes the use of independent manufacturers increases its production
flexibility and capacity while at the same time allowing the Company to
substantially reduce capital expenditures and avoid the costs of managing a
large production work force. Substantially all of the Company's products are
produced in China. The Company finances its production activities in part
through the use of interest-bearing open purchase arrangements with certain of
its Asian manufacturers. These facilities currently bear interest at a rate
between 9.0% and 19.0% per annum with financing for up to 90 days. Management
believes that the use of these arrangements affords the Company additional
liquidity and flexibility.
Finished goods are reviewed, inspected and shipped to domestic accounts
primarily from the Company's distribution centers located in Ontario,
California, and are primarily shipped directly from the manufacturer to
Skechers' international distributors. The Company intends to install a new
material handling system in its most recently opened distribution center to
enhance its ability to monitor inventory levels and distribution activities at
such site. The system, which is expected to cost $10.0 million, is anticipated
to become operational mid-2000.
In May 1992, the Company elected to be treated for Federal and state income
tax purposes as an S Corporation under Subchapter S of the Code and comparable
state laws. As a result, earnings of the Company, since such initial election,
have been included in the taxable income of the Company's stockholders for
Federal and state income tax purposes, and the Company has not been subject to
income tax on such earnings, other than franchise and net worth taxes. Upon the
termination of the Company's S Corporation status, the Company will be treated
for Federal and state income tax purposes as a corporation under Subchapter C of
the Code and, as a result, will become subject to state and Federal income
taxes. By reason of the Company's treatment as an S Corporation for Federal and
state income tax purposes, the Company, since inception, has provided to its
stockhold-
27
<PAGE> 29
ers funds for the payment of income taxes on the earnings of the Company. The
Company declared distributions consisting of amounts attributable to payment of
such taxes of $112,000, $3.2 million and $7.9 million in 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively. In January 1999, the Company made the January 1999 Distribution
consisting of $350,000 of assets related to the "Cross Colours" trademark and
approximately $20,000 of cash. See "Certain Transactions." In April 1999, the
Company declared the April Tax Distribution consisting of the first installment
of Federal income taxes payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998. Also, the
Company will use a portion of its proceeds of the Offering to make the Final
1998 Distribution consisting of the final installment of Federal income taxes
payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998. The amount of the April Tax
Distribution was $3.5 million and the amount of the Final 1998 Distribution is
estimated to be approximately $7.6 million. Upon the termination of the
Company's S Corporation status, the Company will also declare (i) the Final Tax
Distribution consisting of income taxes payable on S Corporation earnings from
January 1, 1999 through the date of termination of the Company's S Corporation
status, and (ii) the Final S Corporation Distribution in an amount designed to
constitute the substantial portion of the Company's remaining and undistributed
accumulated S Corporation earnings through the date of termination of the
Company's S Corporation status. The Company estimates that the amount of the
Final Tax Distribution will be approximately $1.7 million and the amount of the
Final S Corporation Distribution will be approximately $20.0 million and such
amounts will be paid with a portion of the net proceeds of the Offering. See
"Use of Proceeds." Purchasers of shares of Class A Common Stock in the Offering
will not receive any portion of the Final 1998 Distribution, the Final Tax
Distribution or the Final S Corporation Distribution. On and after the date of
such termination, the Company will no longer be treated as an S Corporation and,
accordingly, will be fully subject to Federal and state income taxes. All pro
forma income taxes reflect adjustments for Federal and state income taxes as if
the Company had been taxed as a C Corporation rather than an S Corporation.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated, selected
information from the Company's results of operations as a percentage of net
sales. Pro forma reflects adjustments for Federal and state income taxes as if
the Company had been taxed as a C Corporation rather than an S Corporation.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED MARCH 31,
----------------------- ----------------
1996 1997 1998 1998 1999
----- ----- ----- ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales....................................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of sales................................... 70.4 62.6 58.5 62.4 61.7
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Gross profit.................................. 29.6 37.4 41.5 37.6 38.3
Royalty income, net............................. 1.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
31.0 37.9 41.7 37.8 38.4
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Operating expenses:
Selling....................................... 10.2 11.8 13.4 11.7 16.3
General and administrative.................... 16.4 17.6 19.2 21.9 17.1
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
26.6 29.4 32.6 33.6 33.4
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Earnings from operations........................ 4.4 8.5 9.1 4.2 5.0
Interest expense, net......................... (2.8) (2.3) (2.3) (2.5) (1.8)
Other, net.................................... 0.1 (0.0) (0.1) 0.1 0.5
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Earnings before pro forma income taxes.......... 1.7 6.2 6.7 1.8 3.7
Pro forma income taxes.......................... 0.7 2.5 2.7 0.7 1.5
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Pro forma net earnings........................ 1.0% 3.7% 4.0% 1.1% 2.2%
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
28
<PAGE> 30
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 1999 COMPARED TO THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 1998
Net Sales
Net sales increased $35.8 million, or 59.9%, to $95.7 million for the three
months ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $59.9 million for the three months
ended March 31, 1998. This increase was due to increased sales of branded
footwear primarily as a result of (i) greater brand awareness driven in part by
a significant expansion of the Company's national marketing efforts, (ii) a
broader breadth of men's, women's and children's product offerings, (iii) the
development of the Company's domestic sales force and international distributor
network, (iv) the increased volume of the Company's existing account base with
multiple stores and increased sales to such accounts, resulting in higher sales
per account, (v) operations of 38 Company stores during the first quarter of
1999 versus the operations of 16 Company stores during the first quarter of
1998, and (vi) the launch of the Company's direct mail business in August 1998.
Gross wholesale sales of men's footwear, including international, increased $7.8
million or 29.6% to $34.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 1999, as
compared to $26.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 1998. The
increase in sales of men's footwear was achieved despite a decline in men's
"Kani" footwear sales of $598,000. No Kani sales were recorded for the three
months ended March 31, 1999. The Company discontinued actively marketing "Kani"
footwear in 1997. Sales of "Kani" footwear for the three months ended March 31,
1998 resulted from inventory close-outs, which were substantially completed
during this fiscal period. Gross wholesale sales of women's footwear, including
international, increased $16.7 million, or 70.4%, to $40.4 million for the three
months ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $23.7 million for the three months
ended March 31 1998. Gross wholesale sales of children's footwear, including
international, increased $8.2 million, or 120.8%, to $15.1 million for the three
months ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $6.9 million for the three months
ended March 31, 1998. Provisions for returns and allowances were $3.1 million
for the three months ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $1.6 million for the
three months ended March 31, 1998. Net sales through the Company's retail stores
increased $4.7 million or 134.3%, to $8.2 million for the three months ended
March 31, 1999 as compared to $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31,
1998. This increase is due to an increase in sales from pre-existing stores and
new store openings. Net sales generated from international operations increased
$2.1 million, or 25.6%, to $10.2 million for the three months ended March 31,
1999, as compared to $8.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 1998.
Gross Profit
The Company's gross profit increased $14.2 million, or 63.2%, to $36.7
million for the three months ended March 31, 1999, compared to $22.5 million for
the three months ended March 31, 1998. The increase was attributable to higher
sales and an improvement in Gross Margin. The Gross Margin increased to 38.3%
for the three months ended March 31, 1999 from 37.6% for the same period in
1998. The increase in the Gross Margin was primarily due to (i) better retail
sell-through at the Company's retail customer accounts, which typically results
in fewer markdowns, (ii) an increase in the proportions of total sales derived
from the women's footwear line, which had a higher margin than the men's
footwear line, and (iii) the increase in the Company's retail sales, including
direct mail, since such retail Gross Margins are higher than wholesale Gross
Margins.
Royalty Income, Net
Royalty income, net of related expenses, decreased $83,000, or 62.9% to
$49,000 for the three months ended March 31, 1999 compared to $132,000 for the
three months ended March 31, 1998. The Company earns royalty income based upon a
percentage of sales of its licensees and sublicensees. The decrease was due to
the termination of the Company's license relating to "Kani" apparel. Management
expects that royalty income may increase in total dollars, but not necessarily
as a percentage of net sales, as the Company's licensing efforts for Skechers
products increase.
29
<PAGE> 31
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses include sales salaries, commissions and incentives,
advertising, promotions and trade shows. Selling expenses increased $8.6
million, or 121.9%, to $15.6 million (16.3% of net sales) for the three months
ended March 31, 1999 from $7.0 million (11.7% of net sales) for the three months
ended March 31, 1998. The increase in total dollars was primarily due to
increased advertising and tradeshow expenditures, sales compensation due to the
increase in footwear sales, and the hiring of additional sales personnel.
Advertising expenses as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended
March 31, 1999 and 1998 was 13.3% and 9.1%, respectively. The Company endeavors
to spend approximately 8.0% to 10.0% of annual net sales in the marketing of
Skechers footwear through advertising, promotions, public relations, trade shows
and other marketing efforts. Marketing expense as a percentage of net sales may
vary from quarter to quarter. The increase as a percentage of sales was due
primarily to the factors above.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased $3.3 million, or 25.2%, to
$16.4 million (17.1% of net sales) for the three months ended March 31, 1999
from $13.1 million (21.9% of net sales) for the three months ended March 31,
1998. The increase in total dollars is primarily due to (i) the hiring of
additional personnel, (ii) an increase in costs associated with the Company's
distribution facilities to support the Company's growth, (iii) increased product
design and development costs and (iv) the addition of 22 retail stores which
were not open in the first quarter of 1998. The decrease as a percentage of net
sales was primarily due to the increase in the volume of footwear sold. Also
included in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March
31, 1998 is $691,000 of compensation expense relating to the Company's 1996
Incentive Compensation Plan (the "1996 Incentive Compensation Plan") which
expired December 31, 1998. The Company has not introduced an incentive
compensation plan for 1999. See "Management -- Executive Compensation -- Summary
Compensation Table."
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $270,000, or 18.2%, to $1.8 million for the
three months ended March 31, 1999 as compared to $1.5 million for the three
months ended March 31, 1998 as a result of increased borrowings under the
Company's revolving line of credit to fund the Company's expanded operations and
interest expense associated with open purchase arrangements with the certain of
the Company's Asian manufacturers, which in part finance the Company's
manufacturing activities.
Pro Forma Income Taxes
Pro forma income taxes have been provided at the assumed rate of 40.0% for
Federal and state purposes.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
Net Sales
Net sales increased $188.9 million, or 102.7%, to $372.7 million for the
year ended December 31, 1998 as compared to $183.8 million for the year ended
December 31, 1997. This increase was due to increased sales of branded footwear
primarily as a result of (i) greater brand awareness driven in part by a
significant expansion of the Company's national marketing efforts, (ii) a
broader breadth of men's, women's and children's product offerings, (iii) the
development of the Company's domestic and international sales forces, (iv) the
transition of the Company's account base in the direction of larger accounts
with multiple stores and increased sales to such accounts, resulting in higher
sales per account, (v) the Company's opening of 12 concept and 11 outlet stores
and (vi) the launch of the Company's direct mail business in August 1998. Net
sales for the year ended
30
<PAGE> 32
December 31, 1998 were affected in part by the overall weakness in the retail
footwear market in the fourth quarter of 1998. Gross wholesale men's footwear
sales, including international, increased $42.5 million, or 39.8%, to $149.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1998, as compared to $107.1 million for
the year ended December 31, 1997. The increase in gross wholesale men's footwear
sales was achieved despite a decline in men's "Kani" footwear sales of $10.8
million to $668,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998, as compared to $11.5
million in sales for the year ended December 31, 1997. The Company discontinued
actively marketing "Kani" footwear in 1997. Sales of "Kani" footwear for the
year ended December 31, 1998 resulted from inventory close-outs, which were
substantially completed during this fiscal period. Gross wholesale women's
footwear sales, including international, increased $100.2 million, or 201.0%, to
$150.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 as compared to $49.9 million
for the year ended December 31, 1997. Gross wholesale children's footwear sales,
including international, increased $34.5 million, or 163.5%, to $55.6 million
for the year ended December 31, 1998 as compared to $21.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 1997. Sales of children's "Kani" footwear represented $20,000
and $3.3 million of such sales for the year ended December 31, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. Provisions for returns and allowances were $10.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 1998 as compared to $5.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 1997. Net sales through the Company's retail stores increased $17.6
million, or 179.8%, to $27.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 as
compared to $9.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase is
due to an increase in sales from pre-existing stores and new store openings. Net
sales generated from international operations increased $6.3 million, or 22.6%,
to $34.0 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 as compared to $27.7
million for the year ended December 31, 1997.
Gross Profit
The Company's gross profit increased $85.9 million, or 124.9%, to $154.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $68.7 million for the
year ended December 31, 1997. The increase was attributable to higher sales and
an improvement in Gross Margin. The Gross Margin increased to 41.5% for the year
ended December 31, 1998 from 37.4% for the year ended December 31, 1997. The
increase in the Gross Margin was primarily due to (i) an increase in the
proportions of total sales derived from the women's and children's footwear
line, which had a higher Gross Margin than the men's footwear line, (ii) better
retail sell-through at the Company's retail customer accounts, which typically
results in fewer markdowns, (iii) an increase in the Company's retail store
sales, since such retail Gross Margins are higher than customer retail Gross
Margins and (iv) decreased international sales as a percentage of net sales as
international sales through distributors carry a lower Gross Margin.
Royalty Income, Net
Royalty income, net of related expenses, decreased $39,000, or 4.4%, to
$855,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $894,000 for the year
ended December 31, 1997. The Company receives royalty income based upon a
percentage of sales of its sublicensees. The decrease was due to the termination
of the Company's license relating to "Kani" apparel. Royalty income attributable
to sales of "Kani" apparel represented $189,000 and $1.2 million of total
royalty income for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses increased $28.4 million, or 131.6%, to $50.0 million
(13.4% of net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1998 from $21.6 million
(11.8% of net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1997. The increase in total
dollars was primarily due to increased advertising expenditures and sales
compensation due to the increase in footwear sales, the implementation of a new
sales compensation package and the hiring of additional sales personnel.
Advertising expenses as a percentage of net sales for the years ended December
31, 1998 and 1997 was 11.3% and 8.6%, respectively. The increase as a percentage
of sales was due to a discretionary decision to increase advertising expenses in
the fourth quarter of 1998.
31
<PAGE> 33
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased $39.1 million, or 120.6%, to
$71.5 million (19.2% of net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1998 from
$32.4 million (17.6% of net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1997. The
increase in total dollars and as a percentage of net sales is primarily due to
(i) the hiring of additional personnel, (ii) an increase in costs associated
with the Company's distribution facilities to support the Company's growth,
(iii) increased product design and development costs, (iv) the addition of 23
retail stores which were not open in 1997, and (v) increased discretionary
expenses consisting of bonuses paid to an executive officer and certain
employees. Also included in general and administrative expenses for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 are $7.0 million and $2.7 million,
respectively, of bonus compensation expense, including those related to the
Company's 1996 Incentive Compensation Plan which expired on December 31, 1998.
See "Management -- Executive Compensation -- Summary Compensation Table."
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $4.4 million, or 106.2%, to $8.6 million for the
year ended December 31, 1998 as compared to $4.2 million for the year ended
December 31, 1997 as a result of increased borrowings under the Company's
revolving line of credit to fund the Company's expanded operations and interest
expense associated with open purchase arrangements with certain of the Company's
Asian manufacturers, which in part finance the Company's manufacturing
activities.
Pro Forma Income Taxes
Pro forma income taxes have been provided at the assumed rate of 40.0% for
Federal and state purposes.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
Net Sales
Net sales increased $68.4 million, or 59.3%, to $183.8 million for the year
ended December 31, 1997 from $115.4 million for the year ended December 31,
1996. The increase was due to increased sales of branded footwear primarily as a
result of (i) greater domestic brand awareness driven in part by a significant
expansion of the Company's sales forces, (ii) a broad breadth of men's, women's
and children's product offering, (iii) the development of the Company's domestic
and international sales forces and (iv) the transition of the Company's account
base in the direction of larger accounts with multiple stores, resulting in
higher sales per account. Gross wholesale men's footwear sales, including
international, increased $26.2 million, or 32.3%, to $107.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 1997 as compared to $80.9 million for the year ended December
31, 1996. The increase in gross wholesale men's footwear sales was achieved
despite a decline in men's "Kani" footwear sales of $2.2 million to $11.5
million for the year ended December 31, 1997 as compared to $13.7 million for
the year ended December 31, 1996. The Company discontinued actively marketing
"Kani" footwear in 1997 and a substantial portion of sales of "Kani" footwear
during 1997 consisted of inventory close-outs. The Company began to de-emphasize
the sale of "Kani" footwear in late 1995 and early 1996 to concentrate its
marketing and sales efforts on its Skechers product line. Gross wholesale
women's footwear sales, including international, increased $25.1 million, or
101.3%, to $49.9 million for the year ended December 31, 1997 as compared to
$24.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1996. Gross wholesale children's
footwear sales, including international, increased $10.2 million, or 93.7%, to
$21.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1997 as compared to $10.9 million
for the year ended December 31, 1996. Sales of children's "Kani" footwear
represented $3.3 million and $4.1 million of such sales for the years ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Sales of children's "Kani" footwear in
1997 substantially represented inventory close-out sales. Provisions for returns
and allowances were $5.5 million for each of the
32
<PAGE> 34
years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996. Net sales through the Company's retail
stores increased $6.5 million, or 194.5%, to $9.8 million for the year ended
December 31, 1997 as compared to $3.3 million for the year ended December 31,
1996. This increase was due to an increase in sales from pre-existing stores and
new store openings. Net sales generated from international operations decreased
$3.9 million, or 12.2%, to $27.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1997 as
compared to $31.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1996 largely as a
result of a realignment of the Company's foreign distribution arrangements.
Gross Profit
Gross profit increased $34.5 million, or 100.9%, to $68.7 million for the
year ended December 31, 1997 from $34.2 million for the year ended December 31,
1996. The increase was attributable to higher sales and an improvement in the
Gross Margin. The Gross Margin increased to 37.4% for the year ended December
31, 1997 from 29.6% for the year ended December 31, 1996. The increase in the
Gross Margin was primarily due to (i) better retail sell-through at the
Company's retail customer accounts which allowed for fewer markdowns, (ii) an
increase in the proportion of total sales derived from the women's and
children's footwear line, which had a higher margin than the men's footwear
line, (iii) the increase in the Company's retail store sales and (iv) decreased
international sales as a percentage of net sales as international sales through
distributors carry a lower Gross Margin, offset in part by inventory close-out
sales of "Kani" branded footwear.
Royalty Income, Net
Royalty income, net of related expenses, decreased $698,000, or 43.8%, to
$894,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 from $1.6 million for the year
ended December 31, 1996. The decrease was due to decreased sales of apparel
under the Company's "Kani" license. Royalty income attributed to sales of "Kani"
apparel represented $1.2 million and $2.1 million of total royalty income for
the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses increased $9.9 million, or 83.9%, to $21.6 million (11.8%
of net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1997 from $11.7 million (10.2% of
net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1996. The increase in total dollars
was primarily due to increased advertising expenditures and sales commissions
and incentives due to the increase in footwear sales. The increase as a
percentage of sales was due to increased advertising expenses on a percentage of
net sales.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased $13.5 million, or 71.1%, to
$32.4 million (17.6% of net sales) for the year ended December 31, 1997 as
compared to $18.9 million (16.4% of net sales) for the year ended December 31,
1996. The increase in total dollars was primarily due to (i) the hiring of
additional personnel and related costs to support the Company's substantial
growth in sales, (ii) an increase in costs associated with the Company's
distribution facilities to support the Company's growth, (iii) the addition of
seven retail stores which were not open in 1996, (iv) increased product design
and development costs and (v) bonus compensation expense of $2.7 million
including those related to the Company's 1996 Incentive Compensation Plan. See
"Management -- Executive Compensation -- Summary Compensation Table." Included
in the $18.9 million of general and administrative expenses for 1996 is a
one-time $530,000 charge to operations related to costs of the terminated public
offering of the "Kani" division. The increase in general and administrative
expenses as a percentage of net sales is attributable to the $2.7 million of
bonus compensation expense, including those related to the Company's 1996
Incentive Compensation Plan.
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<PAGE> 35
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $955,000, or 29.6%, to $4.2 million for the year
ended December 31, 1997 as compared to $3.2 million for the year ended December
31, 1996 as a result of increased borrowings under the Company's revolving line
of credit to fund the Company's expanded operations and interest expense
associated with open purchase arrangements with certain of the Company's Asian
manufacturers.
Pro Forma Income Taxes
Pro forma income taxes have been provided at the assumed rate of 40.0% for
Federal and state purposes.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
To date, the Company has relied upon internally generated funds, trade
credit, borrowings under credit facilities and loans from stockholders to
finance its operations and expansion. The Company's need for funds arises
primarily from its working capital requirements, including the need to finance
its inventory and receivables. The Company's working capital was $26.3 million
at March 31, 1999 and $23.1 million and $17.1 million at December 31, 1998 and
1997, respectively. The increase in working capital at March 31, 1999 as
compared to December 31, 1998 was primarily due to the first quarter 1999 net
earnings which are retained in the components of working capital.
As part of the Company's working capital management, the Company performs
substantially all customer credit functions internally, including extension of
credit and collections. The Company's bad debt write-offs were less than 1.0% of
net sales for three months ended March 31, 1999 and each of the years ended
December 31, 1998 and 1997. The Company carries bad debt insurance to cover
approximately the first 90.0% of bad debts on substantially all of the Company's
major retail accounts. As of March 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998 and 1997,
59.0%, 65.1% and 47.1%, respectively, of the Company's accounts receivables was
covered under this insurance.
Net cash used in operating activities totaled $871,000 and $24.9 million
for the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The decrease
in cash used by operating activities was due to a decrease in inventory
balances. Net cash used in operating activities totaled $4.3 million and $2.1
million for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The
increase in cash used by operating activities for the year ended December 31,
1998 compared to the year ended December 31, 1997 was due to an increase in
trade accounts receivable and inventory balances.
Net cash used in investing activities totaled $946,000 and $1.2 million for
the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, and related to
capital expenditures. The decrease in capital expenditures was due to the
establishment of the Company's distribution in 1998. Net cash used in investing
activities totaled $9.4 million and $6.8 million for the years ended December
31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The increase in net cash used in investing
activities in 1998 was primarily due to increased capital expenditures in
connection with the establishment of the Company's distribution facilities in
Ontario, California, additional hardware and software for the Company's computer
needs and additional Company retail stores.
Capital expenditures totaled $9.4 million and $6.2 million for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The increase in 1998 relates
primarily to the establishment of the Company's distribution centers in Ontario,
California, the purchase of additional hardware and software for the Company's
computer needs and additional Company retail stores. The Company estimates that
its capital expenditures for the year ending December 31, 1999 will be
approximately $10.0 million, of which approximately $5.5 million will be used
for the installation of a new material handling system for the Company's most
recently opened distribution facility. Total expenditures for the new material
handling system are expected to be approximately $10.0 million, the balance of
which will be spent in 2000. The Company also anticipates spending $400,000 for
expenditures on
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<PAGE> 36
equipment for the Company's distribution facilities, and $4.1 million capital
expenditures related to general corporate purposes in 1999, including leasehold
improvements and purchases of furniture and equipment in connection with the
opening of additional retail stores, additions and advancements to the Company's
management information systems, costs associated with trade show booths and
leasehold improvements to the Company's facilities.
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities totaled $(8.1) million
and $25.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998,
respectively. The decrease in cash provided by financing activities was
primarily due to lesser financing needs to fund cash flow from operations and
the use of available cash at December 31, 1998 to repay a portion of the
revolving line of credit during the three months ended March 31, 1999. Net cash
provided by financing activities totaled $23.2 million and $10.2 million for the
years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The increase in net cash
provided by financing activities in 1998 was primarily due to increased
borrowings under the Company's revolving line of credit to finance capital
expenditures, increased accounts receivables and inventories and to fund S
Corporation distributions.
The Company's credit facility provides for borrowings under a revolving
line of credit of up to $120.0 million and a term loan, with actual borrowings
limited to available collateral and certain limitations on total indebtedness
(approximately $15.1 million of availability as of March 31, 1999) with Heller
Financial, Inc., as agent for the lenders. The revolving line of credit bears
interest at the Company's option at either the prime rate (7.75% at March 31,
1999) plus 25 basis points or at Libor (5.06% at March 31, 1999) plus 2.75%. The
revolving line of credit expires on December 31, 2002. Interest on the revolving
line of credit is payable monthly in arrears. The revolving line of credit
provides a sub-limit for letters of credit of up to $18.0 million to finance the
Company's foreign purchases of merchandise inventory. As of March 31, 1999, the
Company had approximately $1.3 million of letters of credit under the revolving
line of credit. The term loan component of the credit facility, which has a
principal balance of approximately $2.6 million as of March 31, 1999, bears
interest at the prime rate plus 100 basis points and is due in monthly
installments with a final balloon payment December 2002. The proceeds from this
note were used to purchase equipment for the Company's distribution centers in
Ontario, California and the note is secured by such equipment. The Company
intends to use a portion of the net proceeds of the Offering to repay
approximately $46.9 million under the revolving line of credit and $11.8 million
outstanding under the Unsubordinated Note and Subordinated Note. See "Use of
Proceeds." By repaying such indebtedness, the Company expects to have more
flexibility and liquidity to pursue its growth strategies. The credit facility
contains certain financial covenants that require the Company to maintain
minimum tangible net worth of at least $20.0 million, working capital of at
least $14.0 million and specified leverage ratios and limit the ability of the
Company to pay dividends if it is in default of any provisions of the credit
facility. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of March 31,
1999. The credit facility is collateralized by the Company's real and personal
property, including, among other things, accounts receivable, inventory, general
intangibles and equipment and is guaranteed by Skechers By Mail, Inc., the
Company's wholly-owned subsidiary. As of March 31, 1999, the Unsubordinated Note
and Subordinated Note bear interest at the prime rate (7.75% at March 31, 1999)
and are due on demand. The Greenberg Family Trust has agreed not to require
repayment of the Subordinated Note prior to April 2000. The Company recorded
interest expense of approximately $540,000, and $1.1 million related to notes
payable to the Greenberg Family Trust during the years ended December 31, 1998,
and 1997, respectively. See "Use of Proceeds" and "Certain Transactions."
By reason of the Company's treatment as an S Corporation for Federal and
state income tax purposes, the Company since inception has provided to its
stockholders funds for the payment of income taxes on the earnings of the
Company. The Company declared distributions attributable to payment of such
taxes of $7.9 million and $3.2 million in 1998 and 1997, respectively. In April
1999, the Company declared the April Tax Distribution of $3.5 million, and prior
to the consummation of the Offering will declare the Final 1998 Distribution,
estimated to be $7.6 million, the Final Tax
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<PAGE> 37
Distribution, estimated to be $1.7 million, and the Final S Corporation
Distribution, estimated to be $20.0 million. Following the termination of the
Company's S Corporation status, earnings will be retained for the foreseeable
future in the operations of the business. See "Prior S Corporation Status" and
"Dividend Policy."
The Company believes that anticipated cash flows from operations, available
borrowings under the Company's revolving line of credit, after repayment of
indebtedness described under "Use of Proceeds," cash on hand and its financing
arrangements will be sufficient to provide the Company with the liquidity
necessary to fund its anticipated working capital and capital requirements
through fiscal 2000. However, in connection with its growth strategy, the
Company will incur significant working capital requirements and capital
expenditures. The Company's future capital requirements will depend on many
factors, including, but not limited to, the levels at which the Company
maintains inventory, the market acceptance of the Company's footwear, the levels
of promotion and advertising required to promote its footwear, the extent to
which the Company invests in new product design and improvements to its existing
product design and the number and timing of new store openings. To the extent
that available funds are insufficient to fund the Company's future activities,
the Company may need to raise additional funds through public or private
financing. No assurance can be given that additional financing will be available
or that, if available, it can be obtained on terms favorable to the Company and
its stockholders. Failure to obtain such financing could delay or prevent the
Company's planned expansion, which could adversely affect the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if
additional capital is raised through the sale of additional equity or
convertible securities, dilution to the Company's stockholders could occur. See
"Use of Proceeds."
QUARTERLY RESULTS AND SEASONALITY
The table below sets forth certain quarterly operating data of the Company.
This quarterly information is unaudited, but in management's opinion reflects
all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for
a fair presentation of the information for the periods presented when read in
conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes
thereto.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1998 1999
--------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- --------
MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31 MARCH 31
-------- ------- -------- ------- -------- ------- -------- ------- --------
THREE MONTHS ENDED (IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales................ $27,591 $32,705 $62,562 $60,969 $59,873 $87,684 $143,045 $82,078 $95,736
Gross profit............. 9,207 11,125 23,552 24,839 22,483 35,997 62,176 33,924 36,698
Earnings (loss) from
operations............. (299) 2,244 8,203 5,488 2,505 10,834 24,460 (3,808) 4,779
Pro forma net earnings
(loss)................. (559) 760 4,278 2,369 651 4,759 13,553 (3,890) 2,104
</TABLE>
Sales of footwear products are somewhat seasonal in nature with the
strongest sales generally occurring in the third and fourth quarters. In 1996
and 1997, 34.0% and 34.0% of net sales, respectively, and 94.7% and 52.5% of
earnings from operations, respectively, were generated in the third quarter and
28.2% and 33.2% of net sales, respectively, and 56.1% and 35.1% of earnings from
operations, respectively, were generated in the fourth quarter. However, in
1998, 38.4% of net sales and 72.0% of earnings from operations were generated in
the third quarter and 22.0% of net sales and a loss from operations were
generated in the fourth quarter. Management believes that annual seasonal
fluctuations will typically result in the Company realizing a significant
percentage of earnings from operations in the fourth quarter.
Although net sales increased by $21.1 million in the fourth quarter of 1998
as compared to the fourth quarter of 1997, the Company's net sales in the fourth
quarter of 1998 were adversely affected by the overall weakness in the retail
footwear market. Management believes this weakness resulted from a substantial
number of store closings by unprofitable chains, as well as store and inventory
rationalizations at other chains, that combined to produce heavy promotional
activity at the retail level. These closures, inventory liquidations and
promotional activities adversely affected the
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<PAGE> 38
Company's net sales. Management believes that these closures in the aggregate
should have a positive impact on the footwear retailing industry in the future.
Operating results for the fourth quarter of 1998 were impacted by certain
discretionary expenses consisting of approximately $3.0 million in bonuses paid
to an executive officer and certain employees, and $242,000 in 401(k) employer
matching contributions. Results for this quarter were also impacted by
significantly higher marketing expenses as a percentage of net sales than the
Company typically incurs. The Company chose to spend $15.1 million in marketing
expenditures, $9.1 million of which was expended in December 1998. Expenses were
also affected by costs associated with the opening of six new Company stores in
the fourth quarter of 1998.
The Company's operating results for the first quarter of 1999 were not
affected to the same degree by those industry factors which impacted the
Company's operating results in the fourth quarter of 1998. The improvement in
the retail footwear market and the reduction in incentive compensation expenses
had a positive effect on the Company's first quarter operating results.
The Company has experienced, and expects to continue to experience,
variability in its net sales, operating results and net earnings, on a quarterly
basis. The Company's domestic customers generally assume responsibility for
scheduling pickup and delivery of purchased products. Any delay in scheduling or
pickup which is beyond the Company's control could materially negatively impact
the Company's net sales and results of operations for any given quarter. The
Company believes the factors which influence this variability include (i) the
timing of the Company's introduction of new footwear products, (ii) the level of
consumer acceptance of new and existing products, (iii) general economic and
industry conditions that affect consumer spending and retail purchasing, (iv)
the timing of the placement, cancellation or pickup of customer orders, (v)
increases in the number of employees and overhead to support growth, (vi) the
timing of expenditures in anticipation of increased sales and customer delivery
requirements, (vii) the number and timing of new Company retail store openings
and (viii) actions by competitors. Due to these and other factors, the operating
results for any particular quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results
for the full year.
INFLATION
The Company does not believe that the relatively moderate rates of
inflation experienced in the United States over the last three years have had a
significant effect on its net sales or profitability. However, the Company
cannot accurately predict the effect of inflation on future operating results.
Although higher rates of inflation have been experienced in a number of foreign
countries in which the Company's products are manufactured, the Company does not
believe that inflation has had a material effect on the Company's net sales or
profitability. In the past, the Company has been able to offset its foreign
product cost increases by increasing prices or changing suppliers, although no
assurance can be given that the Company will be able to continue to make such
increases or changes in the future.
EXCHANGE RATES
The Company receives U.S. Dollars for substantially all of its product
sales and its royalty income. Inventory purchases from offshore contract
manufacturers are primarily denominated in U.S. Dollars; however, purchase
prices for the Company's products may be impacted by fluctuations in the
exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and the local currencies of the contract
manufacturers, which may have the effect of increasing the Company's cost of
goods in the future. During 1997 and 1998, exchange rate fluctuations did not
have a material impact on the Company's inventory costs. The Company does not
engage in hedging activities with respect to such exchange rate risk. See "Risk
Factors -- Risks Associated with Foreign Operations."
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MARKET RISK
The Company does not hold any derivative securities or other market rate
sensitive instruments.
YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE
The Company relies on its internal computer systems to manage and conduct
its business. The Company also relies, directly and indirectly, on external
systems of business enterprises such as third party manufacturers and suppliers,
customers, creditors and financial organizations, and of governmental entities,
both domestic and internationally, for accurate exchange of data.
Many existing computer programs were designed and developed without regard
for the Year 2000 ("Y2K") and beyond. If the Company or its significant third
party business partners and intermediaries fail to make necessary modifications,
conversions, and contingency plans on a timely basis, the Y2K issue could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business and financial condition.
Management believes that its competitors face a similar risk. In recognition of
this risk, the Company has established a project team to assess, remediate, test
and develop contingency plans.
State of Readiness
The Company has developed a Y2K plan with the objective of having all of
its information technology ("IT") systems compliant by September 1999. The
Company's significant IT systems include its order management and inventory
system, electronic data interchange ("EDI") system, distribution center
processing system, retail merchandise and point of sale system, financial
applications system, local area network and personal computers. The Company is
currently making Y2K changes to its order management and inventory system and
began testing in April 1999 with implementation targeted for June 1999. The
Company is currently testing its EDI system with implementation planned for May
1999. The Company has completed substantially all Y2K changes to its
distribution center processing system except for upgrading the operating system
to the Y2K version. Upgrade to the Y2K version is part of the Company's on-going
maintenance contract with its vendor. The Company will begin upgrading the
operating system in May 1999 with implementation targeted for September 1999.
The Company's retail merchandise and point of sale system is currently
undergoing an upgrade with testing and implementation targeted for July 1999.
The Company's financial applications system is currently undergoing an upgrade
with testing and implementation targeted for May 1999. The EDI system upgrades
for the Company's retail and financial application systems began in 1998 for the
purpose of enhancing system functionality to accommodate the Company's expanding
business and related information needs. The Company's local area network
hardware and software providers have advised the Company that such systems are
Y2K compliant. The Company has begun to assess its personal computers for
necessary changes which are anticipated to be completed by September 1999.
The Company's non-IT systems include security, fire prevention,
environmental control equipment and phone systems. Many of these systems are
currently Y2K compliant. Modification to the remaining systems are expected by
September 1999.
The Company's Y2K project team has begun to send surveys and conduct formal
communications with its significant business partners to determine the extent to
which the Company is vulnerable to those third parties' failure to remediate
their own Y2K issues. This process is expected to continue throughout 1999.
Risks and Contingency Plans
The Company is not aware of any material operational issues associated with
preparing its internal systems for the Y2K, however, there is no assurance that
there will not be a delay in the implementation. The Company's inability to
implement such systems and changes in a timely
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<PAGE> 40
manner could have a material adverse effect on future results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows.
The potential inability of the Company's significant business partners and
intermediaries to address their own Y2K issues remains a risk which is difficult
to assess. The Company is dependent on four key manufacturers located in China
for the production of its footwear. The failure of one or more of these
manufacturers to adequately address their own Y2K issues could interrupt the
Company's supply chain. The inability of port authorities or shipping lines to
address their own Y2K issues could also interrupt the Company's supply chain.
Additionally, the inability of one or more of the Company's significant
customers to become Y2K compliant could adversely impact the Company's sales to
those customers.
The Company is developing contingency plans which may include finding
alternative suppliers, manual interventions and adding increased staffing. There
is no assurance that the Company will correctly anticipate the level, impact or
duration of noncompliance by its significant business partners that provide
inadequate information.
As the Company has not completed evaluations of its significant business
partners' Y2K readiness, the Company is currently unable to determine the most
reasonable likely worst case scenario. The Company will continue its efforts
towards contingency planning throughout 1999.
Costs
The Company estimates its costs associated with becoming Y2K compliant will
be less than $100,000, exclusive of system upgrades incurred in the normal
course of business. Efforts to modify the Company's IT systems have
substantially been performed internally, however, the Company does not
separately track such costs. These costs primarily relate to salaries and wages
which are expensed as incurred.
FUTURE ACCOUNTING CHANGES
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities ("SFAS No. 133"). SFAS No. 133 modifies the
accounting for derivative and hedging activities and is effective for fiscal
years beginning after June 15, 2000. Since the Company does not presently hold
any derivatives or engage in hedging activities, accordingly SFAS No. 133 should
not impact the Company's financial position or results of operations.
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<PAGE> 41
BUSINESS
The following Business section contains forward-looking statements which
involve risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, information with
regard to the Company's plans to increase the number of retail locations, and
styles of footwear, the maintenance of customer accounts and expansion of
business with such accounts, the successful implementation of the Company's
strategies, future growth and growth rates and future increases in net sales,
expenses, capital expenditures and net earnings. The words "believes,"
"anticipates," "plans," "expects," "may," "will," "intends," "estimates," and
similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These
forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, and the Company's
actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these
forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set
forth under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Prospectus.
GENERAL
Skechers designs and markets branded contemporary casual, active, rugged
and lifestyle footwear for men, women and children. The Company's objective is
to become a leading source of contemporary casual and active footwear while
ensuring the longevity of both the Company and the Skechers brand name through
controlled, well managed growth. The Company strives to achieve this objective
by developing and offering a balanced assortment of basic and fashionable
merchandise across a wide spectrum of product categories and styles, while
maintaining a diversified, low-cost sourcing base and controlling the growth of
its distribution channels. The Company sells its products to department stores
such as Nordstrom, Macy's, Dillards, Robinson's-May and JC Penney and specialty
retailers such as Genesco's Journeys and Jarman chains, The Venator Group's Foot
Locker and Lady Foot Locker chains, Pacific Sunwear and Footaction U.S.A. The
Company also sells its products both internationally in over 110 countries and
territories through major international distributors and directly to consumers
through 38 of its own retail stores.
The Company has realized rapid growth since inception, increasing net sales
at a compound annual growth rate of 42.4% from $90.8 million in 1994 to $372.7
million in 1998. From 1997 to 1998, the Company experienced a 102.7% and 117.4%
increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively. In addition,
for the three months ended March 31, 1999, the Company experienced a 59.9% and
90.8% increase in net sales and earnings from operations, respectively, compared
to the comparable period from the prior year. From 1997 to 1998, the Company
also experienced an improvement in Gross Margin from 37.4% to 41.5% and
Operating Margin from 8.5% to 9.1%. For the three months ended March 31, 1999,
the Company increased its Gross Margin from 37.6% to 38.3% and its Operating
Margin from 4.2% to 5.0% compared to the comparable period from the prior year.
These improvements resulted in part from the shift to offering Skechers product
exclusively and in part from economies of scale.
Management believes the Skechers product offerings of men's, women's and
children's footwear appeal to a broad customer base between the ages of 5 and 40
years. Management believes the Company's strategy of providing a growing and
balanced assortment of quality basic footwear and seasonal and fashion footwear
with progressive styling at competitive prices gives Skechers this broader based
customer appeal. Skechers men's and women's footwear are primarily designed with
the active, youthful lifestyle of the 12 to 25 year old age group in mind. The
Company's product offerings include casual and utility oxfords, loggers, boots
and demi-boots; skate, street and fashion sneakers; hikers, trail runners and
joggers; sandals, slides and other open-toe footwear; and dress casual shoes.
The Company continually seeks to increase the number of styles offered and the
breadth of categories with which the Skechers brand name is identified. This
style expansion and category diversification is balanced by the Company's strong
performance in its basic styles. The Company increased its styles offered from
approximately 600 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to approximately 900 for
the year ended December 31, 1998. Management believes that a substantial portion
of the Company's gross sales were generated from styles which management
considers basic.
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The Company's strategy in children's footwear is to adapt current fashion
from the Company's men's and women's lines by modifying designs and choosing
colors and materials that are more suitable to the playful image Skechers has
established in the children's footwear market. The Skechers children's line is
comprised primarily of shoes that are designed like their adult counterparts but
in "takedown" versions, so that the younger set can wear the same popular styles
as their older siblings and schoolmates. The playful image of Skechers
children's footwear is further enhanced by the Company's Skechers Lights line,
which features motion- and contact-activated lights in the outsole and other
areas of the shoes. During 1998, the Company's gross wholesale footwear sales
were derived 42.1% from men's, 42.2% from women's and 15.7% from children's
footwear. For the three months ended March 31, 1999, 38.0%, 45.1% and 16.9% of
gross sales at wholesale were derived from men's, women's and children's
footwear, respectively.
The Company was founded in 1992 as a distributor of Dr. Martens footwear.
The Company began designing and marketing men's footwear under the Skechers
brand name and other brand names including "Cross Colours," "Karl Kani" and
"So . . . L.A." in 1992. Shortly after launching these branded footwear lines,
the Company discontinued distributing Dr. Martens footwear. In 1995, the Company
began to shift its focus to the Skechers brand name by de-emphasizing the sale
of "Kani" branded products and discontinuing the sale of "Cross Colours" and
"So . . . L.A." branded footwear. In early 1996, the Company substantially
increased its product offerings in, and marketing focus on, its Skechers women's
and children's lines. The Company divested the "Karl Kani" license in August
1997. Substantially all of the Company's products are marketed under the
Skechers name.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
The Company competes in the men's, women's and children's markets for
casual and rugged footwear. Management believes that domestic retail sales of
men's and women's footwear in dollar volume were roughly equal in 1998,
representing approximately 46.1% and 44.6% of the retail footwear market,
respectively. The remaining 9.3% was comprised of children's footwear. However,
unit volume was skewed more heavily toward women's and children's footwear,
which represented 51.0% and 18.0%, of the total units sold at retail,
respectively. Men's footwear represented 31.0% of total units sold at retail in
1998. Average industry price points for men's, women's and children's footwear
were approximately $50.88, $29.91 and $17.51, respectively.
Management believes that total retail footwear sales in the United States
during 1998 were approximately $38.8 billion, representing a 2.6% increase over
1997. Of that total, approximately $21.7 billion, or 55.9%, was derived from
sales of casual and rugged shoes, boots and sandals, including hiking and
working boots. Casual footwear retail sales increased to $19.1 billion, or 3.2%,
in 1998 from $18.5 billion in 1997, or 22.6% faster than the rate of the total
footwear market. Rugged footwear retail sales increased 13.0% to $2.6 billion in
1998 from $2.3 billion in 1997 and has grown at a compound annual rate of 24.4%
since 1992. Together, in management's opinion, these two categories will
continue to outpace the overall footwear market, growing at a combined compound
annual rate of 4.9% between 1998 and 2003 as compared to overall annual industry
growth of 3.0%. By 2003, casual and rugged footwear retail sales are projected
to reach $27.6 billion, or approximately 61.5% of the total retail footwear
market. These industry growth rates may not be indicative of the Company's
future growth rate.
Retail sales of performance athletic footwear by comparison have grown at a
compound annual rate of 2.9% from 1992 to 1998 but rose only 2.4% from $12.4
billion in 1997 to $12.7 billion in 1998. Management believes that the growth of
the performance athletic shoe segment will continue to slow and underperform the
overall footwear market, growing only 2.3% per year between 1998 and 2003.
Retail sales of dress footwear declined 4.3%, from $4.6 billion in 1997 to $4.4
billion in 1998, and is expected to continue to decline at a compound annual
rate of 6.8% to $3.1 billion by 2003.
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Management believes that the shift to casual and rugged footwear from dress
shoes and, to a lesser extent, from performance athletic shoes is a result of
several factors. First, management believes that the widespread acceptance of
casual dress in the workplace has had a substantial impact on footwear
purchasing decisions. As this acceptance has spread from casual Fridays to the
entire work week, its impact has increased. Second, management believes that
approximately 80.0% of all athletic footwear purchased in 1996 was worn for
fashion instead of athletic performance purposes. Management believes that the
use of athletic footwear for non-athletic performance purposes has diminished
and that the casual and rugged footwear segment is eroding the market share this
80.0% portion has historically commanded, particularly as specialty retailers
such as Foot Locker, Footaction U.S.A., Finish Line and Athlete's Foot, which
have traditionally focused on athletic footwear, increase their selections of
casual and rugged footwear. Management believes that a recent increase in the
popularity of and marketing emphasis on khaki pants among consumers and apparel
companies, respectively, has accelerated and magnified the fashion shift from
performance athletic to casual and rugged footwear. Third, management believes
that the advent of alternative sports, which do not require traditional athletic
footwear for competition, has propelled a cultural movement among teenagers and
a shift in their cultural icons that have combined to generate a trend toward
alternative footwear. Lastly, management believes that approximately 14.5
million people currently participate in alternative or extreme sports and that
participation rates will increase to approximately 25.0 million by 2001.
According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the 12 to 25 year old age
segment of the population was approximately 51.8 million people, or 19.2% of the
total population, in 1998. This age group is projected to grow approximately
80.7% faster than the total U.S. population, from 1998 until 2005, when these
young consumers will represent approximately 20.1% of the U.S. population. 12 to
25 year olds are expected to reach approximately 59.7 million people in 2015.
The U.S. Bureau of the Census also estimates that 15 to 24 year olds generated
incomes of approximately $244.3 billion in 1995, excluding gifts, allowances and
other funding from family members. Management believes that teen income
increased 29% from 1993 to approximately $111.0 billion in 1997. Management
believes that in 1996 approximately $7.7 billion, or 7.1%, of total
expenditures, was spent on footwear. Management further believes that brand is
an important consideration in purchasing decisions among this age group, with
86% of female shoppers and 81% of male shoppers willing to spend more money for
a brand they prefer. The influence of branding becomes apparent on consumers as
young as 15 years old. Total spending by teenagers is expected to reach
approximately $135.9 billion by 2001.
Management believes that this growing demographic is an important target
market within the footwear industry as a whole and within the casual and rugged
segment of that industry in particular. Management also believes that teenagers
and young adults set the prevailing fashion trends of their time and that these
fashion trends are generally widely accepted by older and younger consumers
alike in one form or another.
OPERATING STRATEGIES
The Company's operating strategies are intended to continue to
differentiate the Company from other participants in the casual footwear market
and to provide controlled, well-managed growth. These strategies are as follows.
Offer a Breadth of Innovative Products. The Company offered approximately
900 different styles of footwear generally in three to four different color and
material variations typically in 10 to 12 different sizes during 1998. These
styles span a broad spectrum of product categories ranging from skate and street
sneakers to fashion sneakers, from steel-toe boots with heavy-lugged soles to
casual dress shoes for men, from hiking boots, trail runners and joggers to
platform shoes, boots and sneakers. The Company has developed this breadth of
merchandise offerings in an effort to improve its ability to respond to changing
fashion trends and customer preferences, as well as to limit its exposure to any
single industry participant. Management does not believe that any single
industry
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participant competes directly with the Company across its entire product
offering. Although major new product introductions take place in advance of both
the spring and fall selling seasons, the Company typically introduces new
designs in its existing lines every 30 to 60 days to keep current with emerging
trends.
All of the Company's footwear is designed with an active, youthful
lifestyle in mind. The design team's primary mandate is to design shoes
marketable to the 12 to 25 year old consumer. While these designs are
contemporary in styling, management believes that substantially all of the line
appeals to the broader 5 to 40 year old consumer. Although many of the Company's
shoes have performance features, such as hikers, trail runners, skate sneakers
and joggers, the Company generally does not position its shoes in the
marketplace as technical performance shoes. The Company's principal goal in
product design is to generate new and exciting footwear with contemporary and
progressive style features and comfort enhancing performance features.
Management does not believe that technology is a differentiating factor in
marketing footwear in the casual shoe industry.
Enhance and Broaden the Skechers Brand Name. Management believes that the
strength of the Skechers brand name is a competitive advantage and an integral
part of the Company's success to date. The Company's goal is to continue to
build the recognition of the Skechers name as a casual, active, youthful
lifestyle brand that stands for quality, comfort, durability and design
innovation. The Company's in-house marketing and advertising team has developed
a comprehensive program to promote the Skechers brand name through lifestyle and
image advertising. While all advertisements feature the Company's footwear, the
marketing program is image driven, not product specific. The Company has made a
conscious effort to avoid the association of the Skechers name with any single
category of shoe to provide merchandise flexibility and to aid management's
ability to take the brand and product design in the direction of evolving
footwear fashions and consumer preferences. The Company supports this image
through an advertising program that includes major networks and cable channels
such as MTV, Nickelodeon and ESPN, as well as print advertisements in popular
fashion and lifestyle consumer publications such as Spin, Details, Seventeen,
Rolling Stone, Vibe, GQ and Vogue. The Company also promotes the Skechers brand
name through product placement on a select group of films and popular television
shows. For example, Skechers shoes have been prominently displayed on the
television series Dharma & Greg and referenced in the recently released film 10
Things I Hate About You.
The Company also employs an aggressive point-of-purchase marketing campaign
which includes signage and, in many cases, "in-store shops" within specialty
retail stores and certain department stores. These in-store shops and visual
merchandising of the Company's product and point-of-purchase marketing materials
are monitored and maintained by the Company's field service representatives.
Substantially all of the Company advertising is conceived and designed by its
in-house staff of graphic designers. The Company also enhances its brand image
with its customers through high-profile trade show presentations that feature
fast-paced stage shows set to progressive dance and hip-hop music.
Maximize Strategic Value of Retail Distribution. As of April 30, 1999, the
Company operated 22 concept stores at marquee locations in major metropolitan
cities. These concept stores serve a threefold purpose in the Company's
operating strategy. First, concept stores serve as a showcase for the full range
of the Company's product offerings for the current season, providing the
customer with the entire product story. In contrast, management estimates that
its average retail customer carries no more than 5.0% of the complete Skechers
line. Second, retail locations are generally chosen to generate maximum
marketing value for the Skechers brand name through signage and store front
presentation. These locations include concept stores in Manhattan's Times Square
and Santa Monica's Third Street Promenade. Third, the concept stores provide
rapid product feedback. Management believes that product sell-through
information derived from the Company's concept stores enables the Company's
sales, merchandising and production staff to respond to market changes and new
product introductions. Such responses serve to augment sales and limit the
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Company's inventory markdowns and customer returns and allowances. Management
adjusts its product and sales strategy based upon seven to 14 days of retail
sales information. The Company's concept stores serve as marketing and product
testing venues. As of April 30, 1999, the Company also operated 16 factory and
warehouse outlet stores that enable the Company to liquidate excess,
discontinued and odd-size inventory in a cost-efficient manner. Inventory in
these stores is supplemented by certain first-line styles sold at full retail
price points generally of $60.00 or lower.
Control Growth of Distribution Channels. Management has implemented a
strategy of controlling the growth of the distribution channels through which
the Company's products are sold in order to protect the Skechers brand name,
properly service customer accounts and better manage the growth of the business.
The Company has limited distribution of product to those retailers which
management believes can best support the Skechers brand name in the market.
Management believes that by focusing on the Company's existing accounts, the
Company can deepen its relationships with its existing customers by providing a
heightened level of customer service. Field service representatives work closely
with these accounts to ensure proper presentation of merchandise and
point-of-purchase marketing materials. Sales executives and merchandise
personnel work closely with accounts to ensure the appropriate styles are
purchased for specific accounts and for specific stores within those accounts.
Management believes these close relationships help the Company to maximize their
customers' (i) retail sell-through, (ii) maintained margins and (iii) inventory
turns. Management believes that limiting product distribution to the appropriate
accounts and closely working with those accounts helps the Company to reduce its
own inventory markdowns and customer returns and allowances while maintaining
the proper showcase for the Skechers brand name and product.
Leverage Management Expertise and Infrastructure. The Company's management
and design team collectively possess extensive experience in the footwear
industry. Robert and Michael Greenberg, the Chairman of the Board and President,
respectively, founded the Company in 1992. Prior to that time, Robert Greenberg
had co-founded L.A. Gear and, together with a management team which included
Michael Greenberg, was instrumental in L.A. Gear's growth until his resignation
in early 1992. The Greenbergs are joined on the management team by several
design, merchandise, production and marketing executives with experience at a
broad range of industry participants, including: Robinson's-May, Macy's, Foot
Locker, Pentland Group PLC, The Stride Rite Corporation, and Track 'n Trail, as
well as L.A. Gear. Management believes this core group comprises an effective
and efficient management and design team with the experience to recognize and
respond to emerging consumer trends and demands.
As the Company's net sales growth has accelerated, management has focused
on investing in infrastructure to support continued expansion in a disciplined
manner. Major areas of investment have included the expansion of the Company's
distribution facilities, hiring of additional personnel, development of product
sourcing and a quality control office in Taiwan, upgrading the Company's
management information systems and development and expansion of the Company's
retail stores. The Company has established this infrastructure to achieve
further economies of scale in anticipation of continued increases in net sales.
GROWTH STRATEGIES
The Company's growth strategies are to (i) expand product offerings, (ii)
increase penetration of existing domestic accounts, (iii) open new retail stores
and pursue other direct sales channels, (iv) expand international operations and
(v) selectively license the Skechers brand name.
Expand Product Offerings. The Company continually seeks to develop new
styles in existing categories and enter new product categories in an effort to
grow net sales and earnings. In keeping with this strategy, the Company has been
working to introduce new styles in its existing men's and women's categories.
Such new styles include the men's Jammer in June 1998 and the women's Blaster in
November 1997. The Company has also launched several new product categories over
the
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past year including: Skechers Sport, which includes joggers and court shoes;
Skechers Collection, a men's line featuring dress casual shoes designed to
complement a young man's evening attire; Sity by Skechers, a men's line
featuring newly introduced stylish urban footwear; and Skechers Lights, a
children's line which features motion- and contact-activated lights in the
outsole and other areas of the shoes.
Increase Penetration of Existing Domestic Accounts. Management's goal is to
continue to increase net sales and earnings by expanding the number of styles
carried by its existing accounts, increasing the retail sell-through of existing
accounts and opening new locations with existing accounts. Between 1993 and
1998, the number of accounts which carry Skechers' products increased from
approximately 50 to approximately 2,200. In addition, the nature of the account
base has transitioned in the direction of larger accounts with multiple stores,
resulting in substantially higher sales per account. The Company's strategy is
to continue to better serve these accounts and grow within the existing account
base so that the Company's products will be more fully represented in existing
retail locations and new locations within each account. This growth strategy is
expected to be augmented as specialty retail accounts continue to open new
locations of their own. In addition to increasing its penetration of existing
accounts, the Company intends to selectively open new accounts in the future in
an effort to enhance the Company's image and increase net sales and earnings.
Open New Retail Stores and Pursue Other Direct Sales Channels. The
Company's retail stores accounted for approximately 7.4% and 8.6% of net sales
for 1998 and the three months ended March 31, 1999, respectively. The Company
plans to increase the number of retail locations in the future in an effort to
further its strategic goals as well as to increase net sales and net earnings.
The Company plans to open at least two new concept stores and three new outlet
stores in the remainder of 1999. In addition, the Company launched its first
direct sales effort through the introduction of the Skechers mail-order catalog
in the third quarter of 1998. The initial mail-order catalog included 30 styles
each of the Company's men's and women's line. The catalog is supplemented by the
Company's Internet website skechers.com which also allows customers to purchase
the same styles over the Internet. Management believes that these new
distribution channels may present attractive long-term opportunities with
minimal near-term costs.
Expand International Opportunities. Although the Company's primary focus is
on the domestic market, the Company presently markets its product in countries
in Europe, Asia and selected other foreign regions through distributorship
agreements. For the year ended December 31, 1998 and the three months ended
March 31, 1999, approximately 9.1% and 10.7% of the Company's net sales were
derived from its international operations, respectively. The Company's goal is
to increase sales through distributors by heightening the Company's marketing
support in these countries. In 1998, the Company launched its first major
international advertising campaign in Europe and Asia. This advertising program
is designed to establish Skechers as a global brand synonymous with casual
shoes. In an effort to increase profit margins on products sold internationally
and more effectively promote the Skechers brand name, the Company is exploring
selling directly to retailers in certain European countries in the future. In
addition, the Company is exploring selectively opening flagship retail stores
internationally on its own or through joint ventures.
Selectively License the Skechers Brand Name. Management believes that
selective licensing of the Skechers brand name to non-footwear-related
manufacturers may broaden and enhance the Skechers image without requiring
significant capital investments or the incurrence of significant incremental
operating expenses by the Company. The Company currently has licensing
agreements internationally for apparel with Life Gear Corporation in Japan and
for footwear with Pentland Group PLC in the United Kingdom. The Company also has
a licensing agreement domestically for bags, including backpacks, purses and
waist packs, with Signal Products, Inc. for distribution to Federated Department
Stores and JC Penney's. Management intends to be selective in pursuing licensing
business. Management believes that revenues from licensing agreements will not
be a
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material source of growth for the Company in the near term; however, management
believes that licensing arrangements may present attractive long-term
opportunities with minimal near-term costs.
FOOTWEAR
Skechers offers men's, women's and children's footwear in a broad range of
styles, fabrics and colors. The Company offers a broad selection of merchandise
in an effort to maximize its ability to respond to changing fashion trends and
consumer preferences as well as to limit its exposure to any specific style. For
1998, 42.1%, 42.2% and 15.7% of gross sales at wholesale were derived from
men's, women's and children's footwear, respectively. For the three months ended
March 31, 1999, 38.0%, 45.1% and 16.9% of gross sales at wholesale were derived
from men's, women's and children's footwear, respectively. For the year ended
December 31, 1998, the Company offered approximately 900 different styles of
footwear. Management believes that a substantial portion of the Company's gross
sales were generated from styles which management considers basic. No single
style accounted for more than 5.0% of gross wholesale sales in 1998 or the three
months ended March 31, 1999.
Men's Footwear
The Company's introduced its first men's footwear line with the Skechers
brand name in June 1993. Since that time, the Company has expanded its product
offerings and grown its net sales of Skechers men's footwear while substantially
increasing the breadth and penetration of its account base. During 1998, the
Company marketed approximately 360 styles of men's footwear, generally ranging
its size from 6 1/2 to 13 in five major groups: (i) Casuals, (ii) Active Street
Footwear, (iii) Utility Boots, (iv) Hikers and (v) Sandalized Footwear.
Casuals. The Company's Casuals footwear group includes four categories: (i)
Sport Utility, (ii) Classics (iii) Skechers Collection and (iv) Sity by
Skechers. The Sport Utility category includes boots and shoes that have a
rugged, less refined design with industrial-inspired fashion features. This
category is defined by the heavy-lugged outsole and value-oriented materials
employed in the uppers. Uppers are typically constructed of oiled suede and
"Crazy Horse" or distressed leathers which enhance the rugged appearance of the
boots and oxfords of this category. The Company designs and prices this category
to appeal primarily to a younger men's target customer with broad acceptance
across age groups. Suggested retail price points range from $45.00 to $65.00 for
this category.
The Classics category includes comfort oriented design and performance
features. Boots and shoes in this category employ softer outsoles which are
often constructed of polyvinyl carbon ("PVC"). The more refined design of this
footwear employs better grades of leather and linings than those used in the
Company's Sport Utility boots and shoes. Uppers are generally constructed of
grizzly leather or highly-finished leather that produces a waxy shine. Designs
are sportier than the Sport Utility category and feature oxfords, wingtips,
monkstraps, demi-boots and boots. Suggested retail price points range from
$70.00 to $85.00 for this category.
The Skechers Collection category, which was introduced in 1997, features
dress casual shoes designed to complement a young man's evening attire. This
category features more sophisticated designs influenced, in part, by prevailing
trends in Italy and other European countries. As such, this footwear is more
likely than other categories to be sourced from Italy and Portugal. Outsoles
project a sleeker profile, while uppers are constructed of glossy, "box" leather
and aniline, resulting in a highly polished appearance. Designs include
monkstraps, wingtips, oxfords, cap toes and demi-boots and often feature
blind-eyelets to enhance the sophisticated nature of the styling. Suggested
retail price points range from $85.00 to $100.00 for this category.
The Sity by Skechers category, which was introduced in early 1999, features
men's stylish urban footwear. The line includes dress casuals, casuals, boots,
sneakers and athletic shoes for the fashion-forward consumer. Designs are more
diverse than the Sport Utility or Skechers Collection categories
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and feature boots, sneakers, oxfords and moccasins. Suggested retail price
points range from $70.00 to $100.00 for this category.
Active Street Footwear. The Company's Active Street footwear group includes
Street Sneakers and Skechers Sport. Skechers Street Sneakers primarily include
low-profile skate sneakers, low-profile and mid-cut sport utility sneakers with
industrial-inspired styling and court/gym shoe-inspired street shoes. Outsoles
typically are molded rubber or thermo plastic rubber ("TPR") and, in the case of
sport utility sneakers, may feature lugged configurations. Uppers are typically
constructed of split suede. While these designs are athletic inspired in
general, with the exception of certain skate sneakers, they include few, if any,
of the typical technical performance features in today's popular athletic shoes.
Certain of the Company's skate sneakers are designed with the technical
performance features necessary for competitive level skateboarding. This
category is designed to appeal to the teenager whose casual shoe of choice is a
skate or street sneaker and is intended to be retailed most heavily through
specialty casual shoe stores and department stores. Suggested retail price
points range from $40.00 to $55.00 for this category.
The Skechers Sport category includes joggers, trail runners, sport hikers
and cross-trainers inspired multi-functional shoes. The Company distinguishes
its Skechers Sport category by its technical performance inspired looks;
however, generally the Company does not promote the technical performance
features of these shoes. Skechers Sport footwear includes comfort performance
not available in the Street Sneaker category. The Skechers Sport designs are
light-weight constructions that include cushioned heels, polyurethane mid-soles,
phylon and other synthetic outsoles and white leather or synthetic uppers such
as durabuck and cordura and ballistic nylon mesh. The Skechers Sport features
electric and technically inspired hues more prominently than it does the
traditional athletic white. Skechers Sport is most heavily marketed through
traditional athletic footwear specialty retailers. Suggested retail price points
range from $55.00 to $70.00 for this category.
Utility Boots. The Company's Utility boot group consists of a single
category of boots that are designed to meet the functional demands of a work
boot but are marketed as casual footwear. The outsoles of this category are
designed to be durable and wearable with Goodyear welted, hardened rubber
outsoles. Uppers are constructed of thicker, better grades of heavily oiled
leathers. Utility boots may include steel toes, water-resistant or water-proof
construction and/or materials, padded collars and Thermolite insulation. Styles
include logger boots and demi-boots, engineer boots, motorcycle boots and six-
and eight-eyelet work boots. Suggested retail price points range from $80.00 to
$100.00 for this category.
Hikers. The Company's Hiker group consists of a single category of boots
and demi-boots that include many comfort and technical performance features that
distinguish this footwear as Hikers. The Company markets this footwear primarily
on the basis of style and comfort rather than on technical performance. However,
many of the technical performance features in the Hikers contribute to the level
of comfort this footwear provides. Outsoles generally consist of molded and
contoured hardened rubber. Many designs may include gussetted tongues to prevent
penetration of water and debris, cushioned mid-soles, motion control devices
such as heel cups, water-resistant or water-proof construction and materials and
heavier, more durable hardware such as metal D-rings instead of eyelets. Uppers
are generally constructed of heavily oiled newbuck and full-grain leathers.
Suggested retail price points range from $55.00 to $100.00 for this category.
Sandalized Footwear. The Company's Sandalized footwear features open-toe
and open-side constructions consistent with the Company's offering in the Sport
Utility, Classics, Skechers Collection and Skechers Sport categories of
footwear. Such footwear includes fisherman's sandals, shower sandals, beach
sandals, slides, comfort-oriented land sandals and technically-inspired water
sport sandals. Sandalized footwear includes both leather and synthetic
constructions and may feature suede footbeds with form-fitting mid-soles. The
Company typically delivers its Sandalized
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footwear to retailers from February to August. Suggested retail price points
range from $20.00 to $60.00 for this category.
Women's Footwear
The Company began emphasizing the marketing and product offerings of its
women's footwear line in early 1996. The women's product offerings are organized
in four major groups: (i) Casuals, (ii) Active Street Footwear, (iii) Utility
Boots and (iv) Sandalized Footwear. Skechers women's line differs from the men's
product offerings in that it is more seasonal and fashion oriented. The Company
builds all of its women's shoes with lasts and molds specifically designed for
women, which management believes distinguishes the Company from most athletic
shoe companies and certain unisex casual footwear companies. The women's line
includes a broader array of construction for bottoms which include several
different heights. During 1998, the Company marketed approximately 320 styles of
women's footwear, generally ranging in size from 5 to 11.
Casuals. The Company's Casuals footwear group includes two categories,
Sport Utility and Classics. Sport Utility footwear includes many of the same
design features as the Sport Utility category for men, but vary more widely in
the fabrication and coloration of uppers, as well as the height and construction
of the outsoles. Outsoles may feature raised bottoms with varying heel heights
and may be constructed of ethyl vinyl acetate ("EVA"). Suggested retail price
points range from $40.00 to $55.00 for this category.
The Classics category includes comfort-oriented design and performance
features much like the men's Classics category. Boots and shoes in this category
of women's footwear are offered in a broader array of upper fabrications and
colorations than men's Classics. While these shoes and boots do not feature
higher heels, outsole constructions may be thicker or higher than the men's
Classics category. In addition to oxfords, wingtips, monkstraps, demi-boots and
boots similar to those featured in the men's Classics category, the women's
Classics category also features mary janes. Suggested retail price points range
from $55.00 to $70.00 for this category.
Active Street Footwear. The Company's Active Street footwear group includes
Street Sneakers and Skechers Sport. Women's Street Sneakers differ from the
men's Street Sneakers in four significant ways: (i) variations in outsole
configuration, (ii) emphasis on combinations of high-tech and synthetic fabrics,
(iii) emphasis on canvas and (iv) the absence of a competitive skate shoe
product for women. The women's Street Sneakers are offered in four basic outsole
configurations: (i) low profile sneakers such as the Street Cleat, (ii) high
profile sneakers such as the Womper, (iii) hyper-wedges such as the Blaster and
(iv) platform sneakers such as the Fatsoles. The women's line offers a broader
array of coloration and fabrication of uppers and typically emphasizes
combinations of different fabrications to make a more bold lifestyle statement
than the men's Street Sneaker collection.
Within the Street Sneaker category, the women's line places particular
emphasis on canvas uppers. These canvas sneakers are available in a broad array
of vivid colors; however, white dominates the canvas sneaker style in sales.
Management believes the fuller color palette in canvas is necessary to allow
retailers to merchandise these styles effectively and to properly convey the
Skechers brand image to the consumer. Canvas Street Sneakers carry suggested
retail price points of $30.00 to $45.00 for this category. Management believes
that these affordable price points contribute to the attractiveness of the more
colorful Canvas Street Sneakers as impulse purchases. Suggested retail price
points for Street Sneakers, other than in canvas, range from $40.00 to $60.00
for this category.
The Skechers Sport category for women differs from the Skechers Sport
category for men primarily in the variety of colors and fabrics comprising the
uppers. While some height variation occurs in the outsoles, such variation is
not as frequent, severe or diverse as in the case of the Street Sneakers.
Suggested retail price points range from $40.00 to $60.00 for this category.
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Utility Boots. The women's Utility Boot group differs from the men's
Utility Boot group in three primary ways: (i) outsoles may be raised and may
have higher heels, (ii) uppers may be constructed of softer leather such as
oiled newbuck and (iii) the Utility Boot category for women includes women's
hikers which is not yet significant enough to warrant its own group. Suggested
retail price points for this group range from $40.00 to $85.00 for this
category.
Sandalized Footwear. Women's Sandalized Footwear consists of three
categories: (i) Surf and Sand Sandals, (ii) Active Lifestyle Sandals and (iii)
Comfort Sandals. Surf and Sand Sandals feature raised outsoles with wedge or
platform configurations and are often constructed from EVA. Footbeds emphasize
visual design patterns and colorations and may be constructed from synthetics
such as Neoprene. Active Lifestyle Sandals are opened-up interpretations of many
of the styles offered in the women's Street Sneaker category. Active Lifestyle
Sandals include the four outsole configurations featured on the Street Cleat,
Womper, Blaster and Fatsoles. Uppers typically feature synthetic fabrications.
Comfort Sandals are opened-up interpretations of the women's Classics category.
Uppers are constructed of similar leathers as the Classics category with
contoured, cushioned suede footbeds. Suggested retail price points range from
$25.00 to $55.00 for this category.
Children's Footwear
In early 1996, the Company substantially increased its product offerings
and marketing focus on its children's footwear line and during 1998 offered
approximately 220 styles of Skechers footwear designed for infants, young boys
and girls and pre-teens, ranging in sizes from infant size 3 to boys size 6. The
children's line features a range of products including boots, shoes and sneakers
that reflect the Skechers level of design and quality. The Skechers children's
line is comprised primarily of shoes that are designed like their adult
counterparts but in "takedown" versions, so that the younger set can wear the
same popular styles as their older siblings and schoolmates. This "takedown"
strategy maintains the integrity of the product in the premium leathers,
hardware and outsoles without the attendant costs involved in designing and
developing new products. In addition, the Company also adapts current fashion
from the Company's men's and women's lines by modifying designs and choosing
colors and materials that are more suitable to the playful image Skechers has
established in the children's footwear market. The Company recently launched its
Skechers Lights category, which is a new line of lighted footwear combining
sequencing patterns and lights in the outsole and other areas of the shoes.
Skechers' children's footwear is currently offered at domestic retail prices
ranging from $25.00 to $50.00 per pair.
PRODUCT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company's principal goal in product design is to generate new and
exciting footwear with contemporary and progressive styles and comfort enhancing
performance features. The Company designs most new styles to be fashionable and
marketable to the 12 to 25 year old consumer, while appealing to the broader 5
to 40 year old age consumer, with the goal that the majority of the styles will
become basic. The sale of basic products funds the Company's design efforts and
allows it to introduce more progressive styles which improve brand recognition
and enhance the Company's image as being in the forefront of emerging lifestyle
trends. While many of the Company's shoes have performance features, the Company
generally does not position its shoes in the marketplace as technical
performance shoes.
The footwear design process typically begins about nine months before the
start of a season. Skechers offers a spring and fall line and typically
introduces new styles in its existing lines every 30 to 60 days to keep current
with emerging trends. Skechers' products are designed and developed by the
Company's in-house staff. The Company also utilizes outside design firms on an
item-specific basis to supplement its design efforts. Separate design teams
focus on each of the men's, women's and children's categories, reporting to the
Company's Vice President, Design, who has over nine years' experience in
footwear design. The design process is extremely collaborative; members of the
design staff meet weekly with the heads of retail and merchandising, sales and
production and
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sourcing to further refine the Company's products in order to meet the
particular needs of the Company's markets.
Management believes that its product success is related in large part to
its ability to recognize trends in the footwear markets and to design products
which anticipate and accommodate consumers' ever-evolving preferences. The
Company strives to analyze, interpret and translate current and emerging
lifestyle trends affecting today's youthful culture into progressive footwear
styles. Lifestyle trend information is compiled by Skechers' designers through
various methods designed to monitor changes in culture and society, including
(i) review and analysis of modern music, television, cinema, clothing,
alternative sports and other trend-setting media, (ii) travel to domestic and
international fashion markets to identify and confirm current trends, (iii)
consultation with the Company's retail customers for information on current
retail selling trends, (iv) participation in major footwear trade shows to stay
abreast of popular brands, fashions and styles and (v) subscription to various
fashion and color information services. In addition, a key component of
Skechers' design philosophy is to continually reinterpret both its basic and
current successful styles in the Skechers image. In the Company's experience,
reinterpreted styles often sell well due to a combination of a level of
familiarity with the target customer group and new design features which create
renewed interest. The Company closely monitors sales to key retail customers, as
well as Skechers' own retail stores, to identify current popular styles which
may be subject to reinterpretation.
After the design team arrives at a consensus regarding the fashion themes
for the coming season, the group then translates these themes into Skechers
products. These interpretations include variations in product color, material
structure and decoration, which are arrived at after close consultation with the
Company's production department. Prototype blueprints and specifications are
created and forwarded to the Company's prototype manufacturers located in
Taiwan, which then forward design prototypes back to the Company's domestic
design team approximately two to four weeks after initial receipt. New design
concepts are often also reviewed by the Company's major retail customers. This
customer input not only allows the Company to measure consumer reaction to the
Company's latest designs, but also affords the Company an opportunity to foster
deeper and more collaborative relationships with these customers. The Company's
design team can easily and quickly modify and refine a design based on this
development input.
The Company occasionally orders limited production runs which may initially
be tested in Skechers' concept stores. By working closely with store personnel,
the Company obtains customer feedback that often influences product design and
development. Management believes that sales in Skechers' retail stores can help
forecast sales in national retail stores. The Company is able to determine
within seven to 14 days after initial introduction of a product whether there is
substantial demand for the style, thereby aiding the Company in its sourcing
decisions. Styles which have substantial consumer appeal are highlighted in
upcoming collections or offered as part of the Company's periodic style
offerings. The ability to initially test its products allows Skechers to
discontinue less popular styles after only a limited production run which
affords the Company an indicator of future production and a hedge to fashion
risks. Also, the Company monitors five and 10 weeks trailing trends of orders of
its retail account base in order to manage future production of styles that are
increasing or decreasing in popularity. Generally, the production process takes
approximately six months from design concept to commercialization.
MARKETING
The Company's marketing focus is to maintain and enhance recognition of the
Skechers brand name as a casual, active youthful brand that stands for quality,
comfort and design innovation. Senior management is directly involved in shaping
the Company's image and its advertising and promotional activities. The
conception, development and implementation of most aspects of Skechers men's,
women's and children's marketing efforts are overseen by a six person committee
headed by Robert and Michael Greenberg. Towards this end, the Company endeavors
to spend between 8.0% and 10% of net sales in the marketing of Skechers footwear
through an integrated effort of
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advertising, promotions, public relations, trade shows and other marketing
efforts, which the Company believes substantially heightens brand awareness.
Advertising. Substantially all of the Company's advertising is conceived
and designed by Skechers' in-house staff. By retaining its advertising functions
in-house, management believes that the Company is able to maintain a greater
degree of control over both the creative process and the integrity of the
Skechers brand image, while realizing substantial cost savings compared to using
outside agencies.
Management believes that the Company's success to date is due in large part
to its advertising strategies and methods. The Company's in-house marketing and
advertising team has developed a comprehensive program to promote the Skechers
brand name through lifestyle and image advertising. While all advertisements
feature the Company's footwear, Skechers' advertising generally seeks to build
and increase brand awareness by linking the brand to youthful, contemporary
lifestyles and attitudes rather than to market a particular footwear product.
The Company has made a conscious effort to avoid the association of the Skechers
name with any single category of shoe to provide merchandise flexibility and to
aid the ability to take the brand and product design in the direction of
evolving footwear fashions and consumer preferences.
The Company uses a variety of media for its national advertising. Print
efforts are represented by one or two page collage features in popular fashion
and lifestyle consumer publications that appeal to the Company's target customer
group, such as Spin, Details, Seventeen, GQ, Vibe, Rolling Stone, Vogue and many
others. The Company utilizes experienced graphic designers and styling teams
that work closely with professional fashion photographers to present the
Skechers image in a visually stimulating way. Skechers' progressive television
advertisements are primarily created in-house and air frequently on top
television shows on the major networks and on cable channels including MTV,
Nickelodeon, Comedy Central, ESPN and BET. Different advertisements are created
for each of the 5 to 9, 10 to 24 and 25 to 35 year old consumer groups. The
Company's in-house media buyer strategically selects during which program and in
which geographic area certain Skechers commercials will air in order to reach
the appropriate target audience. Radio spots often feature national celebrities
and are aired during national syndicated radio shows to appeal to a wider
audience.
The Company also participates with its retail customers in cooperative
advertising programs intended to take the brand awareness created by the
national print advertising and channel it to local retailers where consumers can
buy the Company's products. This advertising includes local advertising on
radio, television and newspaper, as well as Company participation in major
catalogs for retailers such as Macy's, Nordstrom, Bloomingdale's and Victoria's
Secret. The Company's co-op efforts are intended to maximize advertising
resources by having its retailers share in the cost of promoting the Company's
brands. Also, the Company believes that co-op advertising encourages the
retailer to merchandise the brands properly and sell them aggressively on the
sales floor.
Promotions. Skechers' in-house promotions department is responsible for
building national brand name recognition. Teaming up with national retailers and
radio stations, the promotions department is responsible for cross promotions,
which help draw customers to retail store locations. This department also
sponsors alternative sporting and entertainment events and coordinates a group
of extreme sport athletes such as skateboarders who make promotional
appearances, wear the Company's footwear exclusively and help increase overall
consumer awareness of the Skechers brand.
Public Relations. The Company's in-house public relations department is
responsible for increasing Skechers' media exposure. The department communicates
the Skechers image to the public and news media through the active solicitation
of fashion editorial space, arranging interviews with key Company personnel and
coordinating local publicity and special events programs for the Company,
including celebrity appearances and fashion shows. With its strategy tied to
promoting the newest styles produced by the product development team, Skechers'
products are often featured in fashion and pop culture magazines and on a select
group of films and popular
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television shows. For example, Skechers shoes have been prominently displayed on
the television series Dharma & Greg and referenced on the recently released film
10 Things I Hate About You.
Trade Shows. To showcase the Skechers product to footwear buyers, the
Company exhibits at more than 20 trade shows worldwide, including all leading
industry shows. The Company prides itself on having innovative and dynamic
exhibits on the show floor. Designed by an in-house architect, the Company's
state-of-the-art trade show exhibits feature the latest products and provide a
stage for Skechers' internally developed music-video-style dance and stage shows
featuring progressive music and nightclub lighting.
Other. The Company's in-house display merchandising department supports
retailers and distributors by developing point-of-purchase advertising to
further promote its products in stores and to leverage the brand recognition at
the retail level. This group is supplemented by several part-time employees who
act as field service representatives. This department coordinates with the
Company's sales department to ensure better sell-through at the retail level.
Company representatives communicate with and visit their customers on a regular
basis to aid in the proper visual display of Skechers merchandise and to
distribute and display such point-of-purchase items as signage, packaging,
displays, counter cards, banners and other visual merchandising displays. These
materials mirror the look and feel of the national print advertising in order to
reinforce brand image at the point-of-purchase. Management believes these
efforts help stimulate impulse sales and repeat purchases.
Certain of the Company's retail accounts feature "in-store shop" formats in
which the Company provides fixtures, signage and visual merchandise assistance
in a dedicated floor space within the store. The design of the shops utilizes
the distinctive Skechers advertising to promote brand recognition and
differentiate Skechers' presence in the store from that of its competition. The
installation of these shops enables the Company to establish premium locations
within the retailers and management believes it aids in increased sell-through
and higher maintained margins for the Company's customers.
In August 1998, the Company launched its initial product mail-order
catalog. This full-color brochure was sent to more than 500,000 households,
including approximately 350,000 names on the Company's own mailing list. Two
subsequent catalog mailings have been completed to more than 900,000 households,
during which time the Company's own mailing list has grown to more than 600,000
names. The current mail-order catalog includes approximately 100 styles of the
Company's men's and women's line. The catalog reflects the Skechers image
featuring colorful, eye-catching layouts and younger models. The catalog was
created and produced in-house by the Company's designers, with the assistance of
professional fashion photographers and production artists. The catalog lists a
broad assortment of Skechers footwear and affords customers the ability to order
products telephonically or via mail. The catalog references a toll-free Skechers
number to provide customer assistance, including the location of the Skechers'
retail stores and selected other retail locations offering the Company's
products.
The Company also promotes its brand image through its website on the World
Wide Web to customers who directly access the Internet. This website currently
enables the Company to present information on Skechers' history, products and
store locations to consumers. The website is interactive, affording customers
the ability to directly order products on the Internet and to allow the Company
to receive and respond directly to customer feedback. The website features the
Skechers current mail-order catalog, photos, interviews and information on
Company-sponsored events and associated content designed to attract visitors to
the site. The Company's website and mail-order catalog are intended to enhance
the Skechers brand without the associated costs of advertising.
SALES
The Company seeks to enhance its brand image by controlling the
distribution channels for its products based on criteria which include the image
of the retailer and its ability to effectively
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promote and display the Company's products. In addition, management has
implemented a strategy of controlling the growth of the distribution channels
through which the Company's products will be sold in order to protect the
Skechers brand name, properly service customer accounts and better manage the
growth of the business. The Company has limited distribution of its products to
those retailers it believes can best support the Skechers brand name in the
market.
To accomplish this, the Company has continued to broaden its product line
in an effort to reach a larger consumer base and to improve and enhance its
customer service. The Company intends to continue to leverage its reputation for
quality products and its relationships with retailers through, among other
things, the introduction of new styles in its existing and also new categories
of footwear. Also, the Company believes it enhances its position with retailers
through its in-stock inventory program. This program increases the availability
of Skechers' best-selling products, which management believes has contributed to
more consistent product flow to its retail customers and an increased ability to
respond to reorder demand.
The Company currently has 70 in-house sales and two exclusive independent
sales representatives. The Company also has 14 in-house customer service
employees. The sales force is segregated into men's, women's and children's
divisions. The men's and women's division each has a western, midwestern and
eastern regional sales manager, while the children's division is headed by a
children's national sales manager. Each of these sales managers reports to the
Company's Vice President, Sales, who has over 15 years of experience in the
footwear industry. Each of the sales staff and independent sales representatives
are compensated on a salary plus commission basis; none of the representatives
sell competitive products. Senior management, specifically Michael Greenberg, is
actively involved in selling to and maintaining relationships with Skechers'
major retail accounts. For the year ended December 31, 1998 and the three months
ended March 31, 1999 the top five sales persons accounted for 39.8% and 28.8% of
the Company's net sales, respectively. One of these salespersons generated 17.9%
and 10.7% of the Company's net sales for the year ended December 31, 1998 and
the three months ended March 31, 1999, respectively.
The Company's primary customers are department stores and specialty
retailers. During 1998, Skechers sold to more than 2,200 retail accounts
representing in excess of 10,000 storefronts, including Nordstrom, Macy's,
Dillards, Robinson's-May and JC Penney and specialty retailers such as Genesco's
Journeys and Jarman chains, The Venator Group's Foot Locker and Lady Foot Locker
chains, Pacific Sunwear and Footaction U.S.A. During the year ended December 31,
1998 and the three months ended March 31, 1999, the Company's net sales to its
five largest customers accounted for approximately 34.8% and 25.3% of total net
sales, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 1998, The Venator Group
represented 11.8% of the Company's net sales. Other than the foregoing, no one
customer accounted for 10.0% or more of the Company's net sales for either
period.
The Company is committed to achieving customer satisfaction and to building
a loyal customer base by providing a high level of knowledgeable, attentive and
personalized customer service. The Company's sales and field service personnel
coordinate with retail customers to determine the inventory level and product
mix that should be carried in each store in an effort to help retail sell-
through and enhance the customer's product margin. Such information is then used
as a basis for developing sales projections and product needs for such
customers. In addition, Skechers' sales personnel work closely with their
customers in monitoring their inventory levels, which assists the Company with
scheduling production. The Company's field service representatives coordinate
with the sales department to work with the retailer to ensure that the Company's
products are appropriately displayed. Further support is provided through the
availability of EDI and co-op advertising. See "-- Distribution." Management
believes that limiting product distribution to the appropriate accounts and
closely working with those accounts helps the Company to reduce its own
inventory markdowns and customer returns and allowances, while maintaining the
proper showcase for the Skechers brand name and product.
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SOURCING
Skechers products are produced by independent contract manufacturers
primarily located in China and to a lesser extent, in Macau, Korea, Mexico,
Romania, Italy, Portugal and Taiwan. For the year ended December 31, 1998 and
the three months ended March 31, 1999, 95.5% and 93.6% of the Company's products
were manufactured in China, respectively. The Company does not own or operate
any manufacturing facilities. Management believes the use of independent
manufacturers increases its production flexibility and capacity while at the
same time substantially reducing capital expenditures and avoiding the costs of
managing a large production work force. While the Company has long standing
relationships with many of its manufacturers and believes its relationships to
be good, there are no long-term contracts between the Company and any of its
manufacturers.
To safeguard product quality and consistency, the Company oversees the key
aspects of the production process. Monitoring is performed domestically by the
Company's in-house production department and in Asia through a 50-person staff
working in China and out of the Company's office in Taiwan. Management believes
the Company's Asian presence allows Skechers to negotiate supplier and
manufacturer arrangements more effectively and ensure timely delivery of
finished footwear. In addition, the Company requires its manufacturers to
certify that neither convict, forced, indentured labor (as defined under U.S.
law) nor child labor (as defined by the manufacturer's country) was used in the
production process, that compensation will be paid according to local law and
that the factory is in compliance with local safety regulations.
The Company oversees the key phases of production from initial prototype
manufacture through initial production runs to final manufacture. Manufacturers
are selected in large part on the basis of the Company's prior experience with
the manufacturer and the amount of available production capacity. The Company
attempts to monitor its selection of independent factories to ensure that no one
manufacturer is responsible for a disproportionate amount of the Company's
merchandise. In addition, the Company seeks to use, whenever possible,
manufacturers that have previously produced the Company's footwear, which the
Company believes enhances continuity and quality while controlling production
costs. The Company generally limits product orders to 30.0% or less of that
manufacturer's total production at any one period of time. In addition, the
Company sources product for styles that account for a significant percentage of
the Company's net sales from at least three different manufacturers. For the
year ended December 31, 1998, the top four manufacturers of the Company's
products accounted for 15.4%, 14.2%, 12.1% and 10.4% of total purchases,
respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 1999, the top four
manufacturers of the Company's products accounted for 15.8%, 14.0%, 13.2% and
10.0% of total purchases, respectively. Other than the foregoing, no one
manufacturer accounted for 10.0% or more of the Company's total purchases for
either period. To date, the Company has not experienced difficulty in obtaining
manufacturing services.
Management believes that quality control is an important and effective
means of maintaining the quality and reputation of its products. The Company's
quality control program is designed to ensure that finished goods not only meet
with Company established design specifications, but also that all goods bearing
its trademarks meet the Company's standards for quality. Quality control
personnel perform an array of inspection procedures at stages of the production
process, including examination and testing of (i) prototypes of key products
prior to manufacture, (ii) samples and materials prior to production and (iii)
final products prior to shipment. The Company employees are on-site at each of
Skechers' major manufacturers to oversee in person key phases of production. The
Company employees and agents also make other unannounced visits to the
manufacturing sites to further monitor compliance with Skechers' manufacturing
specifications.
Skechers' on-site quality control program is also designed to provide
greater flexibility in the design and production process. Since Skechers reviews
many new design concepts with major retail customers, it is able to receive
direct feedback as to what changes, if any, in the design specification of a
particular style should be made prior to initial production runs. This input
often can be quickly
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translated into design modifications which are directed in Asia by the Company's
on-site staff. As a result, the Company is more responsive to customer needs.
The Company maintains an in-stock position for selected styles of footwear
in order to minimize the time necessary to fill customer orders. In order to
maintain an in-stock position, the Company places orders for selected footwear
with its manufacturers prior to the time the Company receives customers' orders
for such footwear. In order to reduce the risk of overstocking, the Company
seeks to assess demand for its products by soliciting input from its customers
and monitoring retail sell-through. In addition, the Company analyzes historical
and current sales and market data to develop internal product quantity forecasts
which helps reduce inventory risks.
SKECHERS' RETAIL STORES
The Company's retail stores are an important component of its product
marketing and development strategies and provide distinctive environments in
which to merchandise and sell the Skechers product line. The Company's own
retail operations are overseen by the Company's Vice President, Retail and
Merchandising, who has approximately 20 years of experience in retail footwear.
The Company's retail stores consist of free-standing and conventional mall
concept stores and factory and warehouse outlet stores. For the year ended
December 31, 1998 and the three months ended March 31, 1999, approximately 7.4%
and 8.6% of net sales were generated by the Company's retail stores,
respectively.
Concept Stores
The Company's concept stores serve as a showcase for the Company's products
and are an integral part of the Company's strategy for building the Skechers
brand. The Company's strategy is to focus on opening concept stores primarily in
marquee sites in key urban, high-traffic, visible locations in major
metropolitan cities throughout the United States in an effort to enhance
national brand recognition. Retail locations are generally chosen to generate
maximum marketing value for the Skechers brand name through signage and store
front presentation. These locations include concept stores in Manhattan's Times
Square and Santa Monica's Third Street Promenade. The Company believes that as a
result of its ability to control the visual presentation and product assortment
in its concept stores, these stores help build brand awareness and introduce
consumers to a broad range of Skechers products. Also, the concept stores
provide rapid product feedback. Management believes that product sell-through
information derived from the Company's concept stores allows the Company's
sales, merchandising and production staff to respond to market changes and new
product introductions. Such responses serve to augment sales and limit the
Company's inventory markdowns and customer returns and allowances.
As of April 30, 1999, Skechers operated 22 concept stores, 13 of which were
located in California, five in New York, two in New Jersey and one in each of
Massachusetts and Florida. The concept stores are primarily located in
free-standing street locations and major shopping malls. The stores are
typically designed to create a distinctive Skechers look and feel and enhance
customer association of the Skechers brand with current youthful lifestyle
trends and styles. The concept stores feature modern music and lighting and
present an open floor design to allow customers to readily view the merchandise
on display. In December 1998, the Company opened a showroom in New York City's
SoHo district above its concept store. The showroom displays the Company's
current and upcoming men's, women's and children's lines in their entirety to
customers. The standard Skechers concept store is open seven days a week for an
average of eight to 11 hours per day, has two or three employees in the store
during business hours, and ranges in selling square footage from approximately
1,400 to 4,000.
The Company opened 13 new concept stores during 1998, two new concept
stores during the three months ended March 31, 1999 and plans to open at least
two new concept stores in the remainder of 1999. The Company's new concept store
prototype is approximately 2,500 square feet,
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although in certain selected markets the Company may open larger or smaller
stores. In developing its concept store opening plan, the Company has identified
top geographic markets in the larger metropolitan areas of the United States. In
selecting a specific site, the Company evaluates the proposed sites' traffic
pattern, co-tenancies, average sales per square foot achieved by neighboring
concept stores, lease economics and other factors considered important within
the specific location.
The Company seeks to instill enthusiasm and dedication in its concept store
management personnel and sales associates through incentive programs and regular
communication with store personnel. Sales associates receive commissions on
sales with a guaranteed minimum compensation. Concept store managers receive
base compensation plus incentive compensation based on sales.
The Company has well-established concept store operating policies and
procedures and utilizes an in-store training regimen for all new store
employees. Merchandise presentation instructions and detailed product
descriptions also are provided to sales associates to enable them to gain
familiarity with Skechers product offerings. The Company offers Skechers' sales
associates a discount on Skechers merchandise to encourage enthusiasm for the
product and Company loyalty.
Factory and Warehouse Outlet Stores
As of April 30, 1999, the Company also operated 16 factory and warehouse
outlet stores, 10 of which were located in California, two in New York and one
in each of Arizona, Massachusetts, Nevada and Hawaii. The factory outlet stores
are generally located in manufacturers' outlet centers throughout the country.
The Company's factory outlet stores have enabled it to increase sales in certain
geographic markets where Skechers' products were not previously available and to
consumers who favor value-oriented retailers. The outlets provide opportunities
for the Company to sell discontinued and excess merchandise, thereby reducing
the need to sell such merchandise to discounters at excessively low prices. The
Company's free-standing warehouse outlet stores enable it to liquidate other
excess merchandise, discontinued lines and odd sizes. The Company strives to
geographically position its factory and warehouse outlet stores to minimize
potential conflicts with the Company's retail customers. The standard Skechers
factory and warehouse outlet store is open seven days a week for an average of
eight to 11 hours per day, has two or three employees in the store during
business hours and ranges in selling square footage from approximately 1,800 to
11,000. Inventory in these stores is supplemented by certain first-line styles
sold at full retail generally at price points of $60.00 or lower. The Company
opened 10 new factory and warehouse outlet stores during 1998 and plans to open
at least three new factory and warehouse outlet stores in the remainder of 1999.
In addition, the Company's newly launched mail-order catalog and website
act as sales vehicles. Management believes that these new distribution channels
will not generate material growth for the Company in the near term; however,
management believes that they may present attractive long-term opportunities
with minimal near-term costs.
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Although the Company's primary focus is on the domestic market, the Company
presently markets its product in countries and territories in Europe, Asia and
selected other foreign regions. Skechers derives revenues and earnings from
outside the United States from two principal sources: (i) sales of Skechers
footwear directly to foreign distributors who distribute such footwear to
department stores and specialty retail stores and (ii) to a lesser extent,
royalties from licensees who manufacture and distribute Skechers products
outside the United States. For the year ended December 31, 1998 and the three
months ended March 31, 1999, approximately 9.1% and 10.7% of the Company's net
sales was derived from its international operations, respectively.
Management believes that international distribution of Skechers products
may represent a significant opportunity to increase revenue and profits.
Although the Company is in the early stages
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of its international expansion, Skechers products are currently sold in over 110
countries and territories. The Company's goal is to increase international sales
through foreign distributors by heightening the Company's international
marketing presence in those countries. In 1998, the Company launched its first
major international advertising campaign which is designed to establish Skechers
as a global brand synonymous with casual shoes. The Company is exploring selling
directly to retailers in certain European countries in the near future. In
addition, the Company is exploring selectively opening flagship retail stores
internationally on its own or through joint ventures.
DISTRIBUTION
The Company believes that strong distribution support is a critical factor
in the Company's operations. Following manufacture, the Company's products are
packaged in shoe boxes bearing bar codes and generally either shipped to the
Company's approximately 700,000 square feet of leased distribution centers
located in Ontario, California, or shipped directly from the manufacturer to
Skechers' international customers. Upon receipt at the central distribution
centers, merchandise is inspected and recorded in the Company's management
information system and packaged according to customers' orders for delivery.
Merchandise is shipped to the customer by whatever means the customer requests,
which is usually by common carrier. The central distribution centers have multi-
access docks, enabling the Company to receive and ship simultaneously and to
pack separate trailers for shipments to different customers at the same time.
The Company has an EDI system to which some of the Company's larger customers
are linked. This system allows these customers to automatically place orders
with the Company, thereby eliminating the time involved in transmitting and
inputting orders, and includes direct billing and shipping information.
POTENTIAL LICENSING ARRANGEMENTS
As part of its growth strategy, the Company plans to continue to enter into
licensing agreements with respect to certain products on terms and with parties
management believes will provide more effective manufacturing, distribution or
marketing of such products than could be achieved in-house. Management believes
that selective licensing of the Skechers brand name to non-footwear-related
manufacturers may broaden and enhance the Skechers image without requiring
significant capital investments or the incurrence of significant incremental
operating expenses by the Company. In evaluating a licensing decision, the
Company will consider various factors, including the potential profit to be
earned and the capital and management resources available to the Company at such
time. The Company intends to maintain substantial control over the design,
manufacturing specifications, advertising and distribution of any licensed
products and to maintain a policy of evaluating any future licensing
arrangements to ensure consistent representation of the Skechers image.
The Company currently has licensing agreements internationally for apparel
with Life Gear Corporation in Japan and for footwear with Pentland Group PLC in
the United Kingdom. The Company also has a licensing agreement domestically for
bags, including backpacks, purses and waist packs, with Signal Products, Inc.
for distribution to Federated Department Stores and JC Penney's. Management
intends to be selective in pursuing licensing business. Management believes that
revenues from licensing agreements will not be a material source of growth for
the Company in the near term; however, management believes that licensing
arrangements may present attractive long-term opportunities with minimal
near-term costs.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
The Company recognizes the importance of advanced computerization in
maintaining and improving its level of service, internal and external
communication and overall competitive position. The Company has a computerized
management information system that relies upon a Unix-based format with a local
area network of terminals at the corporate offices to support management
decision making, along with computers at the Company's distribution center and
PC-based point-of-
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sale computers at each of its retail stores. These computers are connected via
modem to the local area network at the Company's corporate offices. The
Company's system provides, among other things, comprehensive order processing,
production, accounting and management information for the marketing, selling,
manufacturing, retailing and distribution functions of the Company's business.
The Company has developed a sophisticated software program that enables the
Company to track, among other things, orders, manufacturing schedules, inventory
and sales of Skechers products. The program includes a centralized management
information system which provides the various operating departments with
integrated financial, sales, inventory and distribution related information.
As evidence of its continuing dedication to advanced computerization, the
Company intends to install a new material handling system in its new
distribution center. This new system is expected to enhance the Company's
ability to monitor inventory levels and distribution activities at such site.
The system, which is expected to cost approximately $10.0 million, is expected
to become operational in mid-2000. In addition, the Company is currently
updating its EDI system to make it more responsive to customer needs.
BACKLOG
The Company generally receives the bulk of the orders for each of the
spring and fall seasons a minimum of three months prior to the date the products
are shipped to customers. At March 31, 1999, the Company's backlog was $136.5
million, compared to $162.3 million at March 31, 1998. To manage inventory risk,
the Company estimates its production requirements and engages in certain other
inventory management techniques. See "-- Sourcing." For a variety of reasons,
including the timing of shipments, product mix of customer orders and the amount
of in-season orders, backlog may not be a reliable measure of future sales for
any succeeding period.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
The Company owns and utilizes a variety of trademarks, including the
Skechers trademark. As of March 31, 1999, the Company had approximately 21
registrations and approximately 54 pending applications for its trademarks in
the United States. In addition, as of March 31, 1999, the Company had
approximately 360 trademark registrations and applications in approximately 80
foreign countries. The Company also had 27 design patents issued in the United
States and approximately 28 design patent applications pending in the United
States as of March 31, 1999. The Company regards its trademarks and other
intellectual property as valuable assets and believes that they have significant
value in the marketing of its products. The Company vigorously protects its
trademarks against infringement, including through the use of cease and desist
letters, administrative proceedings and lawsuits.
The Company relies on trademark, copyright and trade secret protection,
patents, non-disclosure agreements and licensing arrangements to establish,
protect and enforce intellectual property rights in the design of its products.
In particular, the Company believes that its future success will depend in
significant part on the Company's ability to maintain and protect the Skechers
trademark. Despite the Company's efforts to safeguard and maintain its
intellectual property rights, there can be no assurance that the Company will be
successful in this regard. There can be no assurance that third parties will not
assert intellectual property claims against the Company in the future.
Furthermore, there can be no assurance that the Company's trademarks, products
and promotional materials or other intellectual property rights do not or will
not violate the intellectual property rights of others, that its intellectual
property would be upheld if challenged, or that the Company would, in such an
event, not be prevented from using its trademarks or other intellectual property
rights. Such claims, if proved, could materially and adversely affect the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition,
although any such claims may ultimately prove to be without merit, the necessary
management attention to and legal costs associated with litigation or other
resolution of future claims concerning trademarks and other intellectual
property rights could
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materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations. The Company has sued and has been sued by third parties
in connection with certain matters regarding its trademarks and products, none
of which has materially impaired the Company's ability to utilize its
trademarks.
The laws of certain foreign countries do not protect intellectual property
rights to the same extent or in the same manner as do the laws of the United
States. Although the Company continues to implement protective measures and
intends to defend its intellectual property rights vigorously, there can be no
assurance that these efforts will be successful or that the costs associated
with protecting its rights in certain jurisdictions will not be prohibitive.
From time to time, the Company discovers products in the marketplace that
are counterfeit reproductions of the Company's products or that otherwise
infringe upon intellectual property rights held by the Company. There can be no
assurance that actions taken by the Company to establish and protect its
trademarks and other intellectual property rights will be adequate to prevent
imitation of its products by others or to prevent others from seeking to block
sales of the Company's products as violating trademarks and intellectual
property rights. If the Company is unsuccessful in challenging a third party's
products on the basis of infringement of its intellectual property rights,
continued sales of such product by that or any other third party could adversely
impact the Skechers brand, result in the shift of consumer preferences away from
the Company and generally have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
COMPETITION
Competition in the footwear industry is intense. Although the Company
believes that it does not compete directly with any single company with respect
to its entire range of products, the Company's products compete with other
branded products within their product category as well as with private label
products sold by retailers, including some of the Company's customers. The
Company's utility footwear and casual shoes compete with footwear offered by
companies such as The Timberland Company, Dr. Martens, Kenneth Cole Productions,
Steven Madden, Ltd. and Wolverine World Wide, Inc. The Company's athletic shoes
compete with brands of athletic footwear offered by companies such as Nike,
Inc., Reebok International Ltd., adidas-Salomon AG and New Balance. The
Company's children's shoes compete with brands of children's footwear offered by
companies such as The Stride Rite Corporation. In varying degrees, depending on
the product category involved, the Company competes on the basis of style,
price, quality, comfort and brand name prestige and recognition, among other
considerations. These and other competitors pose challenges to the Company's
market share in its major domestic markets and may make it more difficult to
establish the Company in Europe, Asia and other international regions. The
Company also competes with numerous manufacturers, importers and distributors of
footwear for the limited shelf space available for the display of such products
to the consumer. Moreover, the general availability of contract manufacturing
capacity allows ease of access by new market entrants. Many of the Company's
competitors are larger, have achieved greater recognition for their brand names,
have captured greater market share and/or have substantially greater financial,
distribution, marketing and other resources than the Company. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully against present
or future competitors or that competitive pressures faced by the Company will
not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations.
EMPLOYEES
As of April 30, 1999, the Company employed 863 persons, 552 of which were
employed on a full-time basis and 311 of which were employed on a part-time
basis. The Company also from time to time employs part-time personnel. None of
the Company's employees is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. The
Company believes that its relations with its employees are satisfactory.
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PROPERTIES
The Company's corporate headquarters and additional administrative offices
are located at three premises in Manhattan Beach, California, and consist of an
aggregate of approximately 37,000 square feet. The leases on the premises expire
between February 2002 and February 2008, with options to extend in some cases,
and the current aggregate annual rent is approximately $930,000.
The Company also leases space for its distribution centers and its retail
stores. These facilities aggregate approximately 815,000 square feet, with an
annual aggregate base rental of approximately $7.0 million, plus, in some cases,
a percentage of the store's gross sales in excess of the base annual rent. The
terms of these leases vary as to duration and rent escalation provisions. The
Company has also signed leases for retail stores expected to be opened in 1999.
In general, the leases expire between April 2000 and December 2008 and provide
for rent escalations tied to either increases in the lessor's operating expenses
or fluctuations in the consumer price index in the relevant geographical area.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On April 16, 1999, a complaint captioned Swanier v. Skechers was filed
against the Company and an employee of the Company in the Superior Court, County
of Los Angeles, Southwest District, Torrance, Case No. YC034808. The complaint
alleges various causes of action in connection with plaintiff's employment by
the Company. The plaintiff is seeking actual and punitive damages in amounts to
be proven at trial. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to such
claims and intends to defend this case vigorously. Nevertheless, litigation is
uncertain, and the Company may not prevail in this suit.
The Company filed a complaint captioned Skechers U.S.A., Inc. v. Wolverine
World Wide, Inc., et al, on October 13, 1998 in the United States District Court
for the Central District of California, Los Angeles, Case No. 98-8335 DT
alleging various causes of action relating to trade dress infringement. The
Company is seeking equitable relief and monetary and punitive damages from the
defendants in amounts to be proven at trial. On December 10, 1998, certain of
the defendants counter claimed against the Company for claims relating to design
patent and trade dress infringement. The defendants are seeking declaratory and
equitable relief and monetary and punitive damages in amounts to be proven at
trial. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to such claims and
intends to defend these claims vigorously. Nevertheless, litigation is
uncertain, and the Company may not prevail in this suit.
The Company occasionally becomes involved in litigation arising from the
normal course of business. Other than the foregoing, management believes that
any liability with respect to pending legal actions, individually or in the
aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations.
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MANAGEMENT
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES
The following table sets forth the name, age as of March 31, 1999, and
position with the Company of all directors and executive officers and certain
key employees of the Company:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AGE POSITION
---- --- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Directors and Executive Officers:
Robert Greenberg......................... 59 Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer
Michael Greenberg........................ 36 President and Director
David Weinberg........................... 48 Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Director
Philip Paccione.......................... 37 General Counsel and Secretary
John Quinn(1)(2)......................... 48 Nominated Director
Richard Siskind(1)(2).................... 53 Nominated Director
Key Employees:
Marvin Bernstein......................... 52 Vice President, International Sales
Martin Brown............................. 37 Vice President, Corporate Imaging
Greg Christopulos........................ 41 Vice President, Finance
Larry Clark.............................. 42 Vice President, Production and Sourcing
Lynda Cumming............................ 39 Vice President, Allocation and Production
Paul Galliher............................ 49 Vice President, Distribution
Kathy Garber............................. 39 Vice President, Product Development
Jason Greenberg.......................... 29 Vice President, Visual Imaging
Jeffrey Greenberg........................ 31 Vice President, Electronic Media
Scott Greenberg.......................... 38 Vice President, Visual Merchandising
Geric Johnson............................ 47 Vice President, Direct Marketing
Michelle Kelchak......................... 35 Vice President, Design
Mark Nason............................... 37 Vice President, Retail and Merchandising
Ralph Vendetti........................... 43 Vice President, Sales
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Member of the Compensation Committee.
(2) Member of the Audit Committee.
Robert Greenberg has been the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer of the Company since October 1993. From 1979 to 1992, Mr. Greenberg was
the Chairman of the Board and President of L.A. Gear, an athletic and casual
footwear and apparel company. Mr. Greenberg is a member of the Board of
Directors of Stage II Apparel Corp. (AMEX:SA).
Michael Greenberg has been the President and a director of the Company
since its inception in 1992 and from June 1992 to October 1993 he was Chairman
of the Board. From 1989 to 1992, Mr. Greenberg was the National Sales Manager of
L.A. Gear. Previously, from 1986 to 1989, he was the Regional Sales Manager of
L.A. Gear for the West Coast, and from 1984 to 1986, he was an account
representative for the West Coast at L.A. Gear.
David Weinberg has been Chief Financial Officer of the Company since
October 1993 and Executive Vice President and a director since July 1998. From
June 1989 to September 1992, Mr. Weinberg was Vice President, Credit/Collection
at L.A. Gear.
Philip Paccione has been General Counsel since May 1998 and Secretary of
the Company since July 1998. Before joining the Company and from June 1997, Mr.
Paccione was an attorney at the law firm of Riordan & McKinzie, located in Los
Angeles, and from May 1996 to June 1997 he was a sole
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practitioner. Mr. Paccione also practiced law at the law firm of Gartner & Young
from December 1994 to May 1996 and at the law firm of Kelley, Drye & Warren from
June 1991 to December 1994.
John Quinn will become a director of the Company upon the effective date of
the Offering. Since January 1995, Mr. Quinn has been a principal of the law firm
of Riordan & McKinzie, a professional corporation, and before that, since 1987,
he was a partner at the law firm of Kelley Drye & Warren. Mr. Quinn received his
J.D. from Albany Law School of Union University and an LL.M from New York
University.
Richard Siskind will become a director of the Company upon the effective
date of the Offering. Mr. Siskind has been President, Chief Executive Officer
and a director of Stage II Apparel Corp. (AMEX:SA) since May 1998. In 1991, Mr.
Siskind founded R. Siskind & Company, a business which purchases brand name
men's and women's apparel and accessories and redistributes those items to
off-price retailers, and he is the sole shareholder, a director, Chief Executive
Officer and President.
Marvin Bernstein has been the Vice President, International Sales of the
Company since May 1997 and joined the Company in June 1993 as Vice President of
Key Accounts. In December 1996, Mr. Bernstein became Vice President of
International Sales and Licensing.
Martin Brown has been the Vice President, Corporate Imaging of the Company
since June 1998, and joined the Company in March 1993 as Director of Special
Projects. From October 1992 to 1993 Mr. Brown was an independent marketing
consultant.
Greg Christopulos has been Vice President, Finance of the Company since
September 1998. From January 1988 to August 1998, he was at KPMG LLP, where he
had been a Senior Manager since July 1994. Mr. Christopulos is a Certified
Public Accountant.
Larry Clark has been the Vice President, Production and Sourcing of the
Company since March 1995 and joined the Company in August 1993 as Vice President
of Product Development/ Production, International Division. From 1992 to 1993,
Mr. Clark was Vice President, Operations at ALAD Inc., an apparel company, and
from 1985 from 1992 he was Vice President of Research and Development at L.A.
Gear. Prior to that, Mr. Clark was at Footlocker-Kinney Shoe Corp. for 10 years.
Lynda Cumming has been the Vice President, Allocation and Production of the
Company since October 1992. From 1988 to 1992, Ms. Cumming was Vice President,
Allocation at L.A. Gear.
Paul Galliher has been the Vice President, Distribution of the Company
since May 1994. Prior to that, from August 1989, he was a Director of
Distribution at L.A. Gear.
Kathy Garber has been the Vice President, Product Development of the
Company since June 1998 and joined the Company in May 1993 as the Children's
Product Manager. In September 1993, she became Product Development Manager and
in June 1996 she became Director of Product Development. Ms. Garber was also a
buyer at Robinson's-May.
Jason Greenberg has been the Vice President, Visual Imaging of the Company
since January 1998 and from June 1992 to July 1998 he was a director. From June
1996 to January 1998, Mr. Greenberg was Advertising Director and from June 1994
he held a product development position at the Company.
Jeffrey Greenberg has been Vice President, Electronic Media of the Company
since January 1998. From June 1992 to October 1993 Mr. Greenberg was Chief
Financial Officer of the Company and from June 1992 to July 1998 he was Chief
Operating Officer, Secretary and a director of the Company. From 1990 to 1992,
he was involved in operations and marketing at L.A. Gear.
Scott Greenberg has been Vice President, Visual Merchandising of the
Company since January 1998. Prior to that, from June 1994, he was in charge of
International Marketing at the Company and held a position in marketing at L.A.
Gear from 1986 to 1990. From January 1993 to May 1994 Mr. Greenberg owned and
operated a restaurant.
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Geric Johnson has been the Vice President, Direct Marketing of the Company
since January 1998. From January 1990 until January 1998, Mr. Johnson held
various positions with Frederick's of Hollywood, Inc., a retailer of women's
apparel. While at Frederick's of Hollywood he held the positions of President,
Executive Vice President, General Manager and Vice President of Operations, and
his responsibilities included running the day-to-day operations of the Mail
Order Division.
Michelle Kelchak has been the Vice President, Design of the Company since
June 1998. Ms. Kelchak joined the Company in July 1992 as Head Designer, and
from January 1995 through May 1998 served as the Company's Design Director.
Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Kelchak was a designer of men's, women's and
children's footwear at L.A. Gear.
Mark Nason has been the Vice President, Retail and Merchandising of the
Company since January 1998 and joined the Company in December 1993 as Director
of Merchandising and Retail Development. From January 1981 through November
1993, Mr. Nason was employed at Track 'n Trail in various capacities, including
General Merchandising Manager, Director of Visual Merchandising and Buyer.
Ralph Vendetti has been the Vice President, Sales of the Company since June
1997 and joined the Company in April 1995 as National Sales Manager. Before
that, since 1989, Mr. Vendetti was with KEDS, a division of The Stride Rite
Corporation, most recently as National Accounts Manager handling accounts such
as Macy's, Jordan Marsh, Kinney, Bloomingdale's, Federated Corp. and
Robinson's-May. Mr. Vendetti was also employed as a buyer for Macy's for 10
years.
As referenced above, a number of the Company's executive officers,
directors and key employees were previously employed by L.A. Gear. During the
time of their employment and thereafter, L.A. Gear was subject to many of the
uncertainties applicable to the footwear industry. From its fiscal 1985 through
mid-fiscal 1990, L.A. Gear experienced a period of rapid growth in revenues and
earnings and thereafter periods of declining sales and losses. In late 1991, an
outside investor group directed several significant changes in L.A. Gear's
management and board of directors. In response to the changes, Robert Greenberg
and a number of L.A. Gear's other members of management and employees, some of
whom are currently employed by the Company, resigned from L.A. Gear in January
1992. Six years later, in January 1998, L.A. Gear filed for reorganization in
bankruptcy court.
Upon the completion of the Offering, the Company's Board of Directors will
consist of five members. The Board of Directors is divided into three classes.
Class I Directors will serve until the annual meeting of stockholders in 2000
and thereafter for the terms of three years until their successors have been
elected and qualified. Class II Directors will serve until the annual meeting of
stockholders in 2001 and thereafter for terms of three years until their
successors have been elected and qualified. Class III Directors will serve until
the annual meeting of stockholders in 2002 and thereafter for terms of three
years until their successors have been elected and qualified. Robert Greenberg
is a Class I Director; Michael Greenberg and David Weinberg are Class II
Directors; and Richard Siskind and John Quinn will be Class III Directors.
Directors are elected annually to serve until the next annual meeting of
stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified. The Company
intends to pay its non-employee directors annual compensation of $15,000 for
their services paid quarterly beginning upon the completion of the Offering. In
addition, non-employee directors will receive a fee of $1,000 for each meeting
attended. Non-employee directors attending any committee meeting will receive an
additional fee of $750 for each committee meeting attended, unless the committee
meeting is held on the day of a meeting of the Board of Directors, in which case
they will receive no additional compensation for the committee meeting.
Non-employee directors will also be reimbursed for reasonable costs and expenses
incurred for attending any director and committee meetings. Officers of the
Company who are directors will not be paid any directors fees. Concurrently with
the Offering, the Company will grant options to purchase shares of Class A
Common Stock under its Stock Option Plan to each of its non-employee directors
at an exercise price equal to the initial public offering price. See "-- Stock
Options." Robert Greenberg is the father of Michael, Jason, Jeffrey and Scott
Greenberg; other than
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the foregoing, no family relationships exist between any of the directors or
executive officers or key employees of the Company.
The Company's Board of Directors has established an Audit Committee and a
Compensation Committee. The Audit Committee will be comprised of Richard Siskind
and John Quinn and will be responsible for making recommendations concerning the
engagement of independent certified public accountants, approving professional
services provided by the independent certified public accountants and reviewing
the adequacy of the Company's internal accounting controls. The Compensation
Committee will be comprised of Messrs. Siskind and Quinn and will be responsible
for recommending to the Board of Directors all officer salaries, management
incentive programs and bonus payments.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION
The Company did not have a Compensation Committee in 1998. Robert Greenberg
and Michael Greenberg participated in deliberations concerning compensation of
executive officers during 1998. Robert Greenberg serves on the board of
directors and the compensation committee of Stage II Apparel Corp., whose
President and Chief Executive Officer is Richard Siskind. Other than as
described above, none of the executive officers of the Company has served on the
board of directors or on the compensation committee of any other entity which
had officers who served or will serve upon the closing of the Offering on the
Company's Board of Directors or on the Company's Compensation Committee.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth information concerning the annual and
long-term compensation earned by the Company's Chief Executive Officer and each
of the other executive officers whose annual salary and bonus during 1997 and
1998 exceeded $100,000 (the "Named Executive Officers").
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LONG-TERM
COMPENSATION
----------------------
ANNUAL COMPENSATION AWARDS PAYOUTS
------------------------------------ ---------- ---------
OTHER ANNUAL SECURITIES LTIP
COMPENSATION UNDERLYING PAYOUTS ALL OTHER
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR SALARY($) BONUS($) ($)(1) OPTIONS(#) ($)(2) COMPENSATION($)
--------------------------- ---- --------- --------- ------------ ---------- --------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Robert Greenberg.............. 1998 -- 2,079,943 14,518 -- -- 5,038(3)
Chairman of the Board and 1997 -- 1,560,877 14,518 -- -- 6,649(3)
Chief Executive Officer
Michael Greenberg............. 1998 300,000 -- 11,744 -- 1,013,769 11,859(4)
President 1997 300,000 -- 8,962 -- 205,250 12,696(4)
David Weinberg................ 1998 177,800 -- 2,000 278,142 259,180 9,838(5)
Executive Vice President and 1997 175,000 -- 4,800 -- 136,830 12,626(5)
Chief Financial Officer
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Represents the amount of an automobile lease for the benefit of each
officer. With respect to Robert Greenberg and David Weinberg, excludes
rental payments of $12,000 and $18,000, respectively, in 1998 and 1997 made
by the Company directly to landlords regarding properties used primarily for
corporate purposes but which are leased under the individuals' names.
(2) With respect to 1997, represents payment of a bonus under the Company's 1996
Incentive Compensation Plan based on the increase of the Company's net sales
from 1996 to 1997 and with respect to 1998, represents payment of a bonus
based on the increase of the Company's net sales from 1996 to 1998. The
bonuses for Michael Greenberg and David Weinberg under the Company's 1996
Incentive Compensation Plan were 0.3% and 0.2% in 1997, respectively, and
0.4% and 0.1% in 1998, respectively, of the increase in net sales volumes,
respectively.
(3) Represents health and life insurance payments for 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
(4) Represents health and life insurance payments of $7,059 and $9,601 and a
$4,800 and a $3,095 contribution by the Company under the Company's 401(k)
Plan for 1998 and 1997, respectively.
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(5) Represents health and life insurance payments of $5,038 and $9,601 and a
$4,800 and a $3,025 contribution by the Company under the Company's 401(k)
Plan for 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Employment Agreements
Each of Messrs. Robert Greenberg, Michael Greenberg and David Weinberg will
enter into an employment agreement with the Company, which will be effective as
of the consummation of the Offering. The employment agreements will each have an
initial term expiring three years from the closing of the Offering. Each officer
will be entitled to an annual base salary and an annual bonus based on the
Company's return on equity which bonus will not exceed 100% of the officer's
base salary. The annual base salary for Robert Greenberg, Michael Greenberg and
David Weinberg will be $500,000, $350,000 and $250,000, respectively.
Each officer will agree not to compete, directly or indirectly, with the
Company or disclose confidential information regarding the Company during the
term of the agreement; provided that the officer may own less than 5% of the
stock of a public company that competes with the Company. The employment
agreements will entitle the executives to participate in the Company's Stock
Option Plan and to receive certain insurance and other employee plans and
benefits established by the Company for its executive employees.
If an officer's employment agreement is terminated by the officer without
good reason, by mutual agreement, upon death of the officer, or for cause, which
includes any dishonest act, commission of a crime, material injury to the
Company's financial condition or business reputation or malfeasance, misfeasance
or non-feasance, then the officer will receive, through the date of termination,
(i) his base salary, (ii) any bonus due and (iii) any benefits under the
agreement. If the officer is terminated without cause or the officer terminates
the employment agreement for good reason, which includes the Company's breach of
a material term without cure or diminution of the officer's duties without his
consent, then the officer will receive, for the remainder term of the agreement,
(i) his base salary, (ii) performance-based bonus and (iii) any benefits under
the agreement. During a period of total disability, the officer will receive his
base salary, less any amounts paid under insurance policies provided by the
Company, for the remaining term of the employment agreement. The Company has
agreed that upon any merger, reorganization, sale or disposition of assets or
otherwise, the successor company will be required to assume each employment
agreement.
STOCK OPTIONS
1998 Stock Option Plan
In January 1998, the Company's Board of Directors and stockholders adopted
the 1998 Stock Option, Deferred Stock and Restricted Stock Plan (the "Stock
Option Plan"), which provides for the grant of qualified incentive stock options
("ISOs") that meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, stock options
not so qualified ("NQSOs"), deferred stock and restricted stock awards
("Grants"). The Stock Option Plan is administered by a committee of directors
appointed by the Board of Directors (the "Committee"). ISOs may be granted to
the officers and key employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. The
exercise price for any ISO granted under the Stock Option Plan may not be less
than 100% (or 110% in the case of ISOs granted to an employee who is deemed to
own in excess of 10.0% of the outstanding Class A Common Stock) of the fair
market value of the shares of Class A Common Stock at the time the option is
granted. The exercise price for any NQSO granted under the Stock Option Plan may
not be less than 85.0% of the fair market value of the shares of Class A Common
Stock at the time the option is granted. The purpose of the Stock Option Plan is
to provide a means of performance-based compensation in order to attract and
retain qualified personnel and to provide an incentive to those whose job
performance affects the Company.
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The Stock Option Plan authorizes the grant of options to purchase, and
Grants of, an aggregate of up to 5,215,154 shares of the Company's Class A
Common Stock. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the Stock Option
Plan is subject to anti-dilution provisions for stock splits, stock dividends
and similar events. If an option granted under the Stock Option Plan expires or
terminates, or a Grant is forfeited, the shares subject to any unexercised
portion of such option or Grant will again become available for the issuance of
further options or Grants under the Stock Option Plan.
Under the Stock Option Plan, the Company may make loans available to stock
option holders, subject to the Committee's approval, in connection with the
exercise of stock options granted under the Stock Option Plan. If shares of
Class A Common Stock are pledged as collateral for such indebtedness, such
shares may be returned to the Company in satisfaction of such indebtedness. If
so returned, such shares shall again be available for issuance in connection
with future stock options and Grants under the Stock Option Plan.
Unless previously terminated by the Board of Directors, no options or
Grants may be granted under the Stock Option Plan after January 14, 2008.
Options granted under the Stock Option Plan will become exercisable
according to the terms of the grant made by the Committee. Grants will be
subject to the terms and restrictions of the award made by the Committee. The
Committee has discretionary authority to select participants from among eligible
persons and to determine at the time an option or Grant is granted and in the
case of options, whether it is intended to be an ISO or a NQSO, and when and in
what increments shares covered by the option may be purchased. Under current
law, ISOs may not be granted to any individual who is not also an officer or
employee of the Company or any subsidiary.
The exercise price of any option granted under the Stock Option Plan is
payable in full (i) in cash, (ii) by surrender of shares of the Company's Class
A Common Stock already owned by the option holder having a market value equal to
the aggregate exercise price of all shares to be purchased, (iii) by
cancellation of indebtedness owed by the Company to the optionholder, (iv) by a
full recourse promissory note executed by the optionholder, (v) by arrangement
with a broker or (vi) by any combination of the foregoing. The terms of any
promissory note may be changed from time to time by the Board of Directors to
comply with applicable Internal Revenue Service or Securities and Exchange
Commission regulations or other relevant pronouncements.
The Board of Directors may from time to time revise or amend the Stock
Option Plan and may suspend or discontinue it at any time. However, no such
revision or amendment may impair the rights of any participant under any
outstanding option or Grant without such participant's consent or may, without
stockholder approval, increase the number of shares subject to the Stock Option
Plan or decrease the exercise price of a stock option to less than 100% of fair
market value on the date of grant (with the exception of adjustments resulting
from changes in capitalization), materially modify the class of participants
eligible to receive options or Grants under the Stock Option Plan, materially
increase the benefits accruing to participants under the Stock Option Plan or
extend the maximum option term under the Stock Option Plan.
In the event of a change of control, all stock options, restricted stock
and deferred stock will fully vest and any indebtedness incurred in connection
with the Stock Option Plan will be forgiven. A "change of control" occurs when
(i) any person becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 50% or
more of the combined voting power of the Company's securities, (ii) during any
consecutive two-year period, individuals who at the beginning of such period
constitute the Board, and any new director, with certain exceptions, who was
approved by at least two-thirds of the directors still in office who either were
directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for
election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least
a majority of the Board of Directors, (iii) in some circumstances, the
stockholders approve a merger or consolidation, or (iv) the stockholders approve
the complete liquidation, sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the
Company's assets.
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Options to acquire 1,390,715 shares of Class A Common Stock are outstanding
at an exercise price per share of $2.78. Of this amount, 278,142 were granted to
David Weinberg, of which 25.0% will vest on the consummation of the Offering,
and the balance will vest over the next three years. In addition, options to
purchase 1,142,907 shares of Class A Common Stock are expected to be granted to
certain employees and non-employee directors of the Company on the effective
date of the Offering at an exercise price equal to the initial public offering
price, which options will vest ratably commencing one year from the date of this
Prospectus in 20.0% increments for any employees and officers, and in 33.3%
increments for non-employee directors. The options expire ten years from the
date of grant.
OPTION GRANTS AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
The following table sets forth information concerning individual grants of
stock options during 1998 to the Named Executive Officers:
OPTIONS GRANTED IN 1998
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INDIVIDUAL GRANTS POTENTIAL REALIZABLE
-------------------------------------------------------------- VALUE AT ASSUMED
NUMBER OF ANNUAL RATES OF STOCK
SECURITIES PERCENT OF PRICE APPRECIATION FOR
UNDERLYING TOTAL OPTIONS EXERCISE OPTION TERM(4)
OPTIONS GRANTED TO OR BASE EXPIRATION ----------------------
NAME GRANTED(#)(1) EMPLOYEES(2) PRICE($/SH)(3) DATE 5%($) 10%($)
---- ------------- ------------- -------------- ---------- ----- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Robert Greenberg..... -- -- -- -- -- --
Michael Greenberg.... -- -- -- -- -- --
David Weinberg....... 278,142 20.0% 2.78 1/14/08 486,283 1,232,337
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Upon completion of the Offering, 25% of the options immediately vest and the
balance will vest over the next three years.
(2) The total number of options granted to the Company's employees during 1998
was 1,390,715.
(3) The exercise price per share of options granted represents the fair market
value of the underlying shares of Common Stock on the date the options were
granted.
(4) In order to comply with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the "Commission"), the Company is including the gains or "option spreads"
that would exist for the respective options the Company granted to the Named
Executive Officers. The Company calculated these gains by assuming an annual
compound stock price appreciation of 5% and 10% from the date of the option
grant until the termination date of the option. These gains do not represent
the Company's estimate or projection of the future Class A Common Stock
price.
The following table sets forth the outstanding stock options as of December
31, 1998 of the Named Executive Officers.
YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF SECURITIES UNDERLYING VALUE OF UNEXERCISED
UNEXERCISED OPTIONS IN-THE-MONEY OPTIONS
AT DECEMBER 31, 1998(1) AT DECEMBER 31, 1998(2)
---------------------------------- ----------------------------------
NAME EXERCISABLE(#) UNEXERCISABLE($) EXERCISABLE($) UNEXERCISABLE($)
---- -------------- ---------------- -------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Robert Greenberg............ -- -- -- --
Michael Greenberg........... -- -- -- --
David Weinberg.............. -- 278,142 -- 484,000
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Upon the completion of the Offering, 25% of the options immediately vest and
the balance will vest over the next three years.
(2) The value of the unexercised "in-the-money" options is based on the fair
market value as of December 31, 1998, as determined by the Board of
Directors, minus the exercise price, multiplied by the numbers of shares
underlying the option.
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<PAGE> 69
1998 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
The Company's 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "1998 Purchase Plan")
was adopted by the Board of Directors and the stockholders in July 1998. The
1998 Purchase Plan, which is intended to qualify under Section 423 of the Code,
contains consecutive, overlapping, twelve month offering periods. Each offering
period includes two six-month purchase periods. The offering periods generally
start on the first trading day on or after January 1 and July 1 of each year.
The initial offering period will commence on July 1, 1999 and expire on December
31, 1999. A total of 2,781,415 shares of Class A Common Stock have been reserved
for issuance under the 1998 Purchase Plan, plus annual increases equal to the
lesser of (i) 1,000,000 shares, (ii) 1% of the outstanding shares of Class A
Common Stock on such date, and (iii) such lesser amount as may be determined by
the Board of Directors.
Employees are eligible to participate if they are customarily employed by
the Company or any designated subsidiary for at least 20 hours per week and more
than five months in any calendar year. However, any employee who (i) immediately
after grant owns stock possessing 5.0% or more of the total combined voting
power or value of all classes of the capital stock of the Company or (ii) whose
rights to purchase stock under all employee stock purchase plans of the Company
accrue at a rate which exceeds $25,000 worth of stock for each calendar year may
not be granted an option to purchase stock under the 1998 Purchase Plan.
The 1998 Purchase Plan permits participants to purchase Class A Common
Stock through payroll deductions of up to 15.0% of the participant's
"compensation." Compensation is defined as the participant's base straight time
gross earnings, including commissions, payments for overtime, incentive bonuses
and performance bonuses. Amounts deducted and accumulated by the participant are
used to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock at the end of each purchase
period. The price of stock purchased under the 1998 Purchase Plan is 85.0% of
the lower of the fair market value of the Class A Common Stock at the beginning
of the offering period or at the end of the purchase period. The maximum number
of shares a participant may purchase during a single offering period is
determined by dividing $25,000 by the fair market value of a share of the
Company's Class A Common Stock on the first day of the offering period. In the
event the fair market value at the end of a purchase period is less than the
fair market value at the beginning of the offering period, the participants will
be withdrawn from the current offering period following exercise and
automatically re-enrolled in a new offering period. Participants may end their
participation at any time during an offering period, and they will be paid their
payroll deductions to date. Participation ends automatically upon termination of
employment with the Company.
Rights granted under the 1998 Purchase Plan are not transferable by a
participant other than by will, the laws of descent and distribution, or as
otherwise provided under the 1998 Purchase Plan.
The 1998 Purchase Plan provides that, in the event of a merger of the
Company with or into another corporation or a sale of all or substantially all
of the Company's assets, each outstanding option may be assumed or substituted
for by the successor corporation. If the successor corporation refuses to assume
or substitute for the outstanding options, the offering period then in progress
will be shortened and a new purchase date will be set so that shares of Class A
Common Stock are purchased with the participant's accumulated payroll deductions
prior to the effective date of such transaction.
The Board of Directors has the authority to amend or terminate the 1998
Purchase Plan, except that no such action may adversely affect any outstanding
rights to purchase stock under the 1998 Purchase Plan, provided that the Board
of Directors may terminate an offering period on any exercise date if the Board
determines that the termination of the 1998 Purchase Plan is in the best
interests of the Company and its stockholders. Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary, the Board of Directors may in its sole discretion amend the 1998
Purchase Plan to the extent necessary and desirable to avoid unfavorable
financial accounting consequences by altering the purchase price for any
offering period, shortening any offering period or allocating remaining shares
among the participants. Unless
68
<PAGE> 70
sooner terminated by the Board of Directors, the 1998 Purchase Plan will
terminate on June 30, 2008.
401(K) PLAN
The Company has in place a contributory retirement plan (the "401(k) Plan")
for all full time employees age 21 and older with at least 12 months of service,
which is designed to be tax deferred in accordance with the provisions of
Section 401(k) of the Code. The 401(k) Plan provides that each participant may
contribute up to 15.0% of his or her salary, and the Company may contribute to
the participant's plan account at the end of each plan year a percentage of
salary contributed by the participant. Under the 401(k) Plan, employees may
elect to enroll on January 1 and July 1 of any plan year, provided that they
have been employed for at least one year.
Subject to the rules for maintaining the tax status of the 401(k) Plan, an
additional Company contribution may be made at the Company's discretion. Company
matching contributions are made at the discretion of the Company. The Company's
contributions to the 401(k) Plan in 1997 and 1998 were $93,000 and $242,000,
respectively.
LIMITATIONS ON DIRECTORS' LIABILITIES AND INDEMNIFICATION
The Company's Certificate of Incorporation provides that, except to the
extent prohibited by the DGCL, its directors shall not be personally liable to
the Company or its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary
duty as directors of the Company. Under Delaware law, the directors have
fiduciary duties to the Company that are not eliminated by this provision of the
Certificate of Incorporation and, in appropriate circumstances, equitable
remedies such as injunctive or other forms of non-monetary relief will remain
available. In addition, each director will continue to be subject to liability
under Delaware law for breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the Company
for acts or omissions that are found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be
not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct, for knowing violations of
law, for actions leading to improper personal benefit to the director and for
payment of dividends or approval of stock repurchases or redemptions that are
prohibited by Delaware law. This provision also does not affect the director's
responsibilities under any other laws, such as the federal securities laws or
state or federal environmental laws. In addition, the Company intends to
maintain liability insurance for its officers and directors.
Section 145 of the DGCL permits the Company to, and the Certificate of
Incorporation provides that the Company shall, indemnify each person who was or
is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was, or has agreed to
become, a director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving, or has
agreed to serve, at the request of the Company, as a director, officer or
trustee of, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise (including any employee benefit plan),
or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such
capacity, against all expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and
amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his
behalf in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal
therefrom. Such right of indemnification shall inure to such individuals whether
or not the claim asserted is based on matters that antedate the adoption of the
Certificate of Incorporation. Such right of indemnification shall continue as to
a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the
benefit of the heirs and personal representatives of such a person. The
indemnification provided by the Certificate of Incorporation shall not be deemed
exclusive of any other rights that may be provided now or in the future under
any provision currently in effect or hereafter adopted by the Certificate of
Incorporation, by any agreement, by vote of stockholders, by resolution of
directors, by provision of law or otherwise. Insofar as indemnification for
liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors of
the Company pursuant to the foregoing provision, or otherwise, the Company has
been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
69
<PAGE> 71
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL
permits a corporation to eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director
to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of
fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provision shall not eliminate
or limit the liability of a director (i) for any breach of the director's duty
of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions
not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation
of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL relating to unlawful dividends,
stock purchases or redemptions or (iv) for any transaction from which the
director derived an improper personal benefit. Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL is
designed, among other things, to encourage qualified individuals to serve as
directors of Delaware corporations. The Company believes this provision will
assist it in securing the services of qualified directors who are not employees
of the Company. This provision has no effect on the availability of equitable
remedies, such as injunction or rescission. If equitable remedies are found not
to be available to stockholders in any particular case, stockholders may not
have any effective remedy against actions taken by directors that constitute
negligence or gross negligence.
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<PAGE> 72
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
At December 31, 1996 and 1997, the Company had approximately $13.3 million
outstanding under an unsecured note payable to the Greenberg Family Trust of
which Robert Greenberg, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the
Company, and M. Susan Greenberg, Robert Greenberg's wife, are trustees. From
January 1, 1997 through June 1998, the note bore interest at 8.0% per annum and
was due upon demand after January 1, 1996. The Greenberg Family Trust agreed not
to call the note prior to January 1, 1999. In June 1998, the Company issued a
$13.3 million term note under its credit facility with Heller Financial, Inc. to
repay the indebtedness to the Greenberg Family Trust. In December 1998, in
connection with the amendment and restatement of the Company's credit facility
with Heller Financial, Inc., the note was refinanced by the Greenberg Family
Trust into the $10.0 million Subordinated Note and the Unsubordinated Note
(which was originally $3.2 million). As of March 31, 1999, approximately $1.4
million had been repaid under the Unsubordinated Note and $1.8 million was
outstanding. The Subordinated and Unsubordinated Notes each bear interest at the
prime rate (7.75% at March 31, 1999) and are due on demand. The Greenberg Family
Trust agreed not to call the Subordinated Note prior to April 2000. The Company
recorded interest expense of approximately $1.2 million, $1.1 million and
$540,000 related to the notes during the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and
1998, respectively. The Company intends to use a portion of its net proceeds of
the Offering to repay the notes owed to the Greenberg Family Trust.
The Company has periodically advanced to the Greenberg Family Trust all or
a portion of the interest payments due on the indebtedness to the Greenberg
Family Trust. As of the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 and March 31,
1999, the Company had advanced approximately $193,000, $277,000 and $52,000, of
such interest payments, respectively. As of December 31, 1998, the Company had
no advances outstanding with respect to interest payments to the Greenberg
Family Trust. The Greenberg Family Trust intends to repay all outstanding
amounts on or before the closing of the Offering.
During the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, the Company
declared S Corporation distributions of $112,000, $3.2 million and $7.9 million,
respectively, of which the amounts indicated below were paid to the following
holders of 5% or more of the Company's Class B Common Stock:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
NAME OF STOCKHOLDER 1996 1997(1) 1998(2)
------------------- ------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
The Greenberg Family Trust............ $72,387 $2,102,100 $5,148,000
Michael Greenberg..................... 11,136 323,400 792,000
Jason Greenberg(3).................... 5,568 161,700 396,000
Jeffrey Greenberg(4).................. 5,568 161,700 396,000
Joshua Greenberg...................... 5,568 161,700 396,000
Jennifer Greenberg.................... 5,568 161,700 396,000
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) At January 1, 1998, the Company had distributions payable, bearing interest
at 5% per annum, payable as follows: the Greenberg Family Trust -- $227,209;
Michael Greenberg -- $75,211; Jason Greenberg -- $56,526; Jeffrey
Greenberg -- $18,636; Joshua Greenberg -- $55,478; and Jennifer
Greenberg -- $63,813.
(2) At December 31, 1998, the Company had distributions payable, bearing
interest at 5% per annum, payable as follows: the Greenberg Family
Trust -- $264,522; Michael Greenberg -- $108,463; Jason
Greenberg -- $63,715; Joshua Greenberg -- $70,919; and Jennifer
Greenberg -- $72,273.
(3) Jason Greenberg was formerly a director of the Company.
(4) Jeffrey Greenberg was formerly the Chief Operating Officer and a director of
the Company.
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<PAGE> 73
In January 1999, the Company declared the January 1999 Distribution
consisting of its "Cross-Colours" trademark to the Greenberg Family Trust,
Michael Greenberg, Jason Greenberg, Jeffrey Greenberg, Joshua Greenberg and
Jennifer Greenberg. The Company valued this distribution at $350,000. The
remaining stockholders received cash in the aggregate amount of $18,421. The
following distributions were made to the holders of 5% or more of the Company's
Class B Common Stock:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE INTEREST IN VALUE OF
NAME OF STOCKHOLDER THE TRADEMARK PERCENTAGE INTEREST
------------------- ---------------------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C>
The Greenberg Family Trust.......... 68.3% $239,474
Michael Greenberg................... 10.5 36,842
Jason Greenberg..................... 5.3 18,421
Jeffrey Greenberg................... 5.3 18,421
Joshua Greenberg.................... 5.3 18,421
Jennifer Greenberg.................. 5.3 18,421
</TABLE>
The stockholders who received an interest in the trademark sold all of
their rights in the trademark to Stage II Apparel Corp., of which Robert
Greenberg, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and
Richard Siskind, a director of the Company, are each directors. In connection
with the sale, the Greenberg Family Trust and Michael Greenberg received 140,000
shares and 20,000 shares of Stage II Apparel Corp., respectively, and Jeffrey
Greenberg, Jason Greenberg, Joshua Greenberg and Jennifer Greenberg each
received 10,000 shares. The Company currently licenses under a ten year license
agreement the trademark from Stage II Apparel Corp. and pays a royalty of 1% of
the wholesale price of all footwear sold by the Company with the trademark. For
the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company received royalty fees of
$20,000 and $0 for the trademark "Cross Colours." The Company currently does not
intend to materially exploit the "Cross Colours" trademark under the
above-described license agreement.
As a result of a tax refund from the payment of taxes on the Company's
earnings, the Company received a recovery of distributions from stockholders of
$600,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996.
In April 1999, the Company declared the April Tax Distribution consisting
of the first installment of Federal income taxes payable on S Corporation
earnings for 1998. The April Tax Distribution was $3.5 million and was declared
and paid to the following holders of 5% or more of the Company's Class B Common
Stock:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMOUNT OF APRIL
NAME OF STOCKHOLDER TAX DISTRIBUTION
------------------- ----------------
<S> <C>
The Greenberg Family Trust.................................. $ 66,000
Michael Greenberg........................................... 813,000
Jason Greenberg............................................. 521,600
Jeffrey Greenberg........................................... 597,400
Joshua Greenberg............................................ 519,600
Jennifer Greenberg.......................................... 511,600
</TABLE>
The Company intends to use a portion of the net proceeds of the Offering to
pay (i) the Final 1998 Distribution consisting of the final installment of
Federal income taxes payable on S Corporation earnings for 1998, (ii) the Final
Tax Distribution consisting of income taxes payable S Corporation earnings from
January 1, 1999 through the date of termination of the Company's S Corporation
status and (iii) the Final S Corporation Distribution in an amount designed to
constitute the substantial portion of the Company's remaining undistributed
accumulated taxable S Corporation earnings through the date of termination of
the Company's S Corporation status. It is estimated that the amount of the Final
1998 Distribution will be $7.6 million, all of which will be paid to the
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<PAGE> 74
Greenberg Family Trust. It is estimated that the amount of the Final Tax
Distribution will be $1.7 million, and that the amount of the Final S
Corporation Distribution will be $20.0 million.
The Final Tax Distribution and the Final S Corporation Distribution will be
paid to the holders of 5% or more of the Company's Class B Common Stock:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FINAL TAX FINAL S CORPORATION
NAME OF STOCKHOLDER DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION
------------------- ------------ -------------------
<S> <C> <C>
The Greenberg Family Trust.................................. $1,105,000 $12,549,000
Michael Greenberg........................................... 170,000 2,297,000
Jason Greenberg............................................. 85,000 1,033,400
Jeffrey Greenberg........................................... 85,000 957,600
Joshua Greenberg............................................ 85,000 1,035,400
Jennifer Greenberg.......................................... 85,000 1,043,400
</TABLE>
In connection with the Offering and the termination of the Company's S
Corporation tax status, the Company entered into a tax indemnification agreement
with each of its stockholders. The agreements provide that the Company will
indemnify and hold harmless each of the stockholders for Federal, state, local
or foreign income tax liabilities, and costs relating thereto, resulting from
any adjustment to the Company's income that is the result of an increase in or
change in character, of the Company's income during the period it was treated as
an S Corporation up to the Company's tax saving in connection with such
adjustments. The agreements also provide that if there is a determination that
the Company was not an S Corporation prior to the Offering, the stockholders
will indemnify the Company for the additional tax liability arising as a result
of such determination. The stockholders will also indemnify the Company for any
increase in the Company's tax liability to the extent such increase results in a
related decrease in the stockholders' tax liability.
Shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of shares of Class
B Common Stock held by the Greenberg Family Trust and Michael Greenberg are
subject to certain registration rights. See "Description of Capital
Stock -- Registration Rights."
John Quinn, a nominated director of the Company, is a principal of the law
firm of Riordan & McKinzie which provides legal services to the Company.
The Company intends to enter into employment agreements with certain
executive officers. See "Management -- Executive Compensation -- Employment
Agreements."
The Company believes that all of the foregoing transactions were on terms
no less favorable than those that could have been received from unrelated third
parties.
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<PAGE> 75
PRINCIPAL AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial
ownership of the Company's Class A and Class B Common Stock (assuming
consummation of the Recapitalization) by (i) each director and nominated
director of the Company, (ii) each of the Named Executive Officers, (iii) each
person known to the Company to be beneficial owner of more than 5% of either
class of the Common Stock and (iv) all directors and executive officers of the
Company as a group.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHARES BENEFICIALLY SHARES BENEFICIALLY OWNED
OWNED PRIOR TO OFFERING(2) SHARES OF AFTER OFFERING(2)
-------------------------------------- CLASS A ---------------------------------------
NUMBER OF NUMBER OF PERCENT OF COMMON NUMBER OF NUMBER OF PERCENT OF
NAME OF BENEFICIAL CLASS A CLASS B TOTAL VOTING STOCK CLASS A CLASS B TOTAL VOTING
OWNER(1)(2) SHARES SHARES POWER OFFERED(3) SHARES SHARES POWER
------------------ --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- --------- ----------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Robert Greenberg(3)....... -- 18,079,198(4) 65.0% 1,361,427 -- 16,717,771(4) 61.7%
Michael Greenberg......... -- 2,781,415 10.0 142,857 -- 2,638,558 9.7
David Weinberg............ 69,535(5) -- * -- 69,535(5) -- *
Jeffrey Greenberg......... -- 1,390,708 5.0 71,429 -- 1,319,279 4.9
Jason Greenberg........... -- 1,390,708 5.0 71,429 -- 1,319,279 4.9
Joshua Greenberg.......... -- 1,390,708 5.0 71,429 -- 1,319,279 4.9
Jennifer Greenberg........ -- 1,390,708 5.0 71,429 -- 1,319,279 4.9
John Quinn................ -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Richard Siskind........... -- -- -- -- -- -- --
All directors, director
nominees and executive
officers as a group (6
persons)(5)............. 69,535(5) 20,860,613 75.0 1,504,284 69,535(5) 19,356,329 71.4
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Less than 1.0%
(1) To the Company's knowledge, except as set forth in the footnotes to this
table and subject to applicable community property laws, each person named
in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares
of Common Stock set down opposite such person's name. Each of such persons
may be reached at 228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard, Manhattan Beach, California
90266.
(2) The percentage of total voting power is calculated assuming no shares of
Class A Common Stock and 27,814,155 shares of Class B Common Stock were
outstanding on March 31, 1999, as applicable, and 10,715,000 shares of Class
A Common Stock and 26,024,155 shares of Class B Common Stock will be
outstanding immediately following the completion of the Offering, as
applicable. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules
of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") and generally
includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. In
computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the
percentage ownership of that person, shares of Class A Common Stock subject
to options held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable
within 60 days of the effective date of the offering are deemed outstanding.
Such shares, however, are not deemed outstanding for the purposes of
computing the percentage ownership of each other person.
(3) Does not reflect the sale of the maximum number of shares which may be sold
if the over-allotment option is exercised in full. If such option is
exercised in full, the Greenberg Family Trust will sell 1,607,250 shares of
Class A Common Stock and Robert Greenberg will beneficially own 58.9% of the
voting power at such time. The Class B Common Stock is convertible at any
time into shares of the Class A Common Stock on a share-for-share basis. See
"Certain Transactions" for a description of transactions between the
Greenberg Family Trust and the Company.
(4) Represents shares of Class B Common Stock which Mr. Greenberg, Chief
Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of the Company, is deemed to
beneficially own as a Trustee of the Greenberg Family Trust. M. Susan
Greenberg, Robert Greenberg's wife, is also a trustee of the Greenberg
Family Trust and is also deemed to beneficially own all shares held by the
Greenberg Family Trust.
(5) Represents shares of Class A Common Stock underlying options, which are
exercisable on the effective date of the Offering.
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<PAGE> 76
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 160,000,000 shares
of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. Of the 160,000,000
shares of Common Stock authorized, 100,000,000 shares are designated as Class A
Common Stock and 60,000,000 shares are designated as Class B Common Stock. After
giving effect to the Offering, there will be 10,715,000 shares of Class A Common
Stock outstanding, 26,024,155 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding and no
shares of Preferred Stock outstanding.
CLASS A COMMON STOCK AND CLASS B COMMON STOCK
General
The holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock have identical
rights except with respect to voting, conversion and transfer. All shares of
Class B Common Stock outstanding upon the effective date of this Prospectus, and
the shares of Class A Common Stock offered hereby will, upon issuance and sale,
be fully paid and nonassessable.
Voting Rights
Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share while
holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to ten votes per share on all
matters to be voted on by stockholders. Holders of shares of Class A Common
Stock and Class B Common Stock are not entitled to cumulate their votes in the
election of directors. Generally, all matters to be voted on by stockholders
must be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by all shares of
Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock present in person or represented
by proxy, voting together as a single class, subject to any voting rights
granted to holders of any Preferred Stock. Except as otherwise provided by law
or in the Certificate of Incorporation, and subject to any voting rights granted
to holders of any outstanding Preferred Stock, amendments to the Certificate of
Incorporation must be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by
all shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock present in person or
represented by proxy, voting together as a single class. However, amendments to
the Certificate of Incorporation that would alter or change the powers,
preferences or special rights of the Class A Common Stock so as to affect them
adversely also must be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast
by the holders of the Class A Common Stock, voting as a separate class. Any
amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation to increase the authorized shares
of any class requires the approval of a majority of the votes entitled to be
cast by all shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock present in
person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class, subject to
the rights set forth in any series of Preferred Stock created as described
below.
Dividends, Distributions and Stock Splits
Holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock will share equally
on a per share basis in any dividend declared by the Board of Directors, subject
to any preferential rights of any outstanding Preferred Stock.
Dividends or distributions consisting of shares of Class A Common Stock and
Class B Common Stock may be paid only as follows: (i) shares of Class A Common
Stock may be paid only to holders of Class A Common Stock, and shares of Class B
Common Stock may be paid only to holders of Class B Common Stock; and (ii) the
number of shares so paid will be equal on a per share basis with respect to each
outstanding share of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. In the case
of dividends or distributions consisting of other voting shares of the Company,
the Company will declare and pay such dividends in two separate classes of such
voting securities, identical in all respects, except that the voting rights of
each such security paid to the holders of the Class A Common Stock shall be
one-tenth of the voting rights of each such security paid to the holders of
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<PAGE> 77
Class B Common Stock, and such security paid to the holders of Class B Common
Stock shall convert into the security paid to the holders of the Class A Common
Stock upon the same terms and conditions applicable to the Class B Common Stock.
In the case of dividends or distributions consisting of securities convertible
into, or exchangeable for, voting securities of the Company, the Company will
provide that such convertible or exchangeable securities and the underlying
securities be identical in all respects, except that the voting rights of each
security underlying the convertible or exchangeable security paid to the holders
of the Class A Common Stock shall be one-tenth of the voting rights of each
security underlying the convertible or exchangeable security paid to the holders
of Class B Common Stock, and such underlying securities paid to the holders of
Class B Common Stock shall convert into the security paid to the holders of the
Class A Common Stock upon the same terms and conditions applicable to the Class
B Common Stock.
The Company may not reclassify, subdivide or combine shares of either class
of Common Stock without at the same time proportionally reclassifying,
subdividing or combining shares of the other class.
Conversion of Class B Common Stock
A share of Class B Common Stock will be convertible into a share of Class A
Common Stock on a share-for-share basis (i) at the option of the holder thereof
at any time, or (ii) automatically upon transfer to a person or entity which is
not a Permitted Transferee (as defined in the Certificate of Incorporation). In
general, Permitted Transferees will include (i) all holders of the Class B
Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Offering and (ii) any Person
(as defined in the Certificate of Incorporation) that is an affiliate, spouse or
descendent of any such holder, their estates or trusts for their benefit. The
Class A Common Stock has no conversion rights.
Liquidation
In the event of any dissolution, liquidation, or winding up of the affairs
of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, after payment of the debts and
other liabilities of the Company and making provision for the holders of
Preferred Stock, if any, the remaining assets of the Company will be distributed
ratably among the holders of the Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common
Stock, treated as a single class.
Mergers and Other Business Combinations
Upon a merger, combination, or other similar transaction of the Company in
which shares of Common Stock are exchanged for or changed into other stock or
securities, cash and/or any other property, holders of each class of Common
Stock will be entitled to receive an equal per share amount of stock,
securities, cash, and/or any other property, as the case may be, into which or
for which each share of any other class of Common Stock is exchanged or changed;
provided that in any transaction in which shares of capital stock are
distributed, such shares so exchanged for or changed into may differ as to
voting rights and certain conversion rights to the extent and only to the extent
that the voting rights and certain conversion rights of Class A Common Stock and
Class B Common Stock differ at that time.
Other Provisions
The holders of the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock are not
entitled to preemptive rights. There are no redemption provisions or sinking
fund provisions applicable to the Class A Common Stock or the Class B Common
Stock.
PREFERRED STOCK
The Board of Directors has the authority, without further action by the
stockholders of the Company, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock
in one or more series, and to fix the
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<PAGE> 78
designations, rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications and restrictions
thereof including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and
terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and sinking fund terms, any or all
of which may be greater than the rights of the Common Stock. The Board of
Directors, without stockholder approval, can issue Preferred Stock with voting,
conversion and other rights which could adversely affect the voting power and
other rights of the holders of Common Stock. Preferred Stock could thus be
issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of
the Company or to make removal of management more difficult. In certain
circumstances, such issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market
price of the Common Stock. The issuance of Preferred Stock may have the effect
of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of the Company without
any further action by the stockholders including, but not limited to, a tender
offer to purchase Common Stock at a premium over then current market prices. The
Company has no present plan to issue any shares of Preferred Stock.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
The Company has entered into a registration rights agreement with the
Greenberg Family Trust, of which Robert Greenberg, Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer, is a Trustee, and Michael Greenberg, President,
pursuant to which the Company has agreed that it will, on up to two separate
occasions per year, register up to one-third of the shares of Class A Common
Stock issuable upon conversion of their Class B Common Stock beneficially owned
as of the closing of the Offering by each such stockholder in any one year
provided, among other conditions, that the underwriters of any such offering
have the right to limit the number of shares included in such registration. The
Company also agreed that, if it shall cause to be filed with the Commission a
registration statement, each such stockholder shall have the right to include up
to one-third of the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
their Class B Common Stock beneficially owned as of the closing of the Offering
by each of them in such registration statement provided, among other conditions,
that the underwriters of any such offering have the right to limit the number of
shares included in such registration. All expenses of such registrations shall
be at the Company's expense. See "Certain Transactions."
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECTS OF PROVISIONS OF THE COMPANY'S CHARTER AND BYLAWS
The Company's Bylaws provide that the Board of Directors is divided into
three classes. Class I Directors will serve until the annual meeting of
stockholders in 2000 and thereafter for the terms of three years until their
successors have been elected and qualified. Class II Directors will serve until
the annual meeting of stockholders in 2001 and thereafter for terms of three
years until their successors have been elected and qualified. Class III
Directors will serve until the annual meeting of stockholders in 2002 and
thereafter for terms of three years until their successors have been elected and
qualified. Stockholders have no cumulative voting rights and the Company's
stockholders representing a majority of the shares of Common Stock outstanding
are able to elect all of the directors. The Company's Bylaws also provide that
any action that is required to be or may be taken at any annual or special
meeting of stockholders of the Company, may, if such action has been earlier
approved by the Board, be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and
without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken,
shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the
minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action
at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and
voted. The Bylaws provide that only the Company's Board of Directors or the
Chairman may call a special meeting of the stockholders.
The classification of the Board of Directors and lack of cumulative voting
makes it more difficult for the Company's existing stockholders to replace the
Board of Directors as well as for any other party to obtain control of the
Company by replacing the Board of Directors. Since the Board of Directors has
the power to retain and discharge officers of the Company, these provisions
could make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to
effect a change in management.
These and other provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile
takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of the Company. These
provisions are intended to enhance the
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<PAGE> 79
likelihood of continued stability in the composition of the Board of Directors
and in the policies furnished by the Board of Directors and to discourage
certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of
control of the Company. These provisions are designed to reduce the
vulnerability of the Company to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. These
provisions are also intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in
proxy fights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging
others from making tender offers for the Company's shares and, as a consequence,
they may also inhibit fluctuations in the market price of the Company's shares
that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions also
may have the effect of preventing changes in the management of the Company.
SECTION 203 OF THE DELAWARE GENERAL CORPORATION LAW
Generally, Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a publicly held Delaware
corporation from engaging in a broad range of "business combinations" with an
"interested stockholder" (defined generally as a person owning 15.0% of more of
a corporation's outstanding voting stock) for three years following the date
such person became an interested stockholder unless (i) before the person
becomes an interested stockholder, the transaction resulting in such person
becoming an interested stockholder or the business combination is approved by
the board of directors of the corporation, (ii) upon consummation of the
transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder,
the interested stockholder owns at least 85.0% of the outstanding voting stock
of the corporation (excluding shares owned by directors who are also officers of
the corporation or shares held by employee stock plans that do not provide
employees with the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject
to the plan will be tendered in a tender offer or exchange offer), or (iii) on
or after such date on which such person became an interested stockholder the
business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an
annual or special meeting, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote
of at least 66.6% of the outstanding voting stock excluding shares owned by the
interested stockholders. The restrictions of Section 203 do not apply, among
other reasons, if a corporation, by action of its stockholders, adopts an
amendment to its certificate of incorporation or bylaws expressly electing not
to be governed by Section 203, provided that, in addition to any other vote
required by law, such amendment to the certificate of incorporation or bylaws
must be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to
vote. Moreover, an amendment so adopted is not effective until twelve months
after its adoption and does not apply to any business combination between the
corporation and any person who became an interested stockholder of such
corporation on or prior to such adoption. The Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws do not currently contain any provisions electing not to be governed by
Section 203 of the DGCL.
Section 203 of the DGCL may discourage persons from making a tender offer
for or acquisitions of substantial amounts of the Class A Common Stock. This
could have the effect of inhibiting changes in management and may also prevent
temporary fluctuations in the Class A Common Stock that often result from
takeover attempts.
TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The Transfer Agent and Registrar for the Class A Common Stock is American
Stock Transfer and Trust Company.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to the Offering, there has been no public market for the Class A
Common Stock. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that market
sales of shares or the availability of shares for sale will have on the market
price prevailing from time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of Class A
Common Stock of the Company in the public market could adversely affect
prevailing market prices.
78
<PAGE> 80
After the Offering, the Company will have outstanding 10,715,000 shares of
Class A Common Stock. In addition, the Company will have outstanding 26,024,155
shares of Class B Common Stock, all of which will be convertible into Class A
Common Stock on a share-for-share basis at the election of the holder or upon
transfer or disposition to persons who are not Permitted Transferees (as defined
in the Company's Certificate of Incorporation). Of the outstanding shares, the
10,715,000 shares of Class A Common Stock to be sold in the Offering will be
freely tradeable without restriction or further registration under the
Securities Act unless purchased by "affiliates" of the Company as that term is
defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
The 26,024,155 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding upon completion
of the Offering are "restricted securities" as that term is defined in Rule 144,
all of which will be eligible for sale under Rule 144 upon completion of the
Offering, subject to the lock-up described below. As described below, Rule 144
permits resales of restricted securities subject to certain restrictions.
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person (or persons
whose shares are aggregated) who beneficially owned shares for at least one
year, including any person who may be deemed an "affiliate" of the Company (as
the term "affiliate" is defined under the Securities Act), would be entitled to
sell within any three month period a number of such shares that does not exceed
the greater of 1.0% of the shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock then
outstanding (107,150 shares immediately after the Offering) or the average
weekly trading volume in the Company's Class A Common Stock during the four
calendar weeks preceding the date on which notice of the sale is filed with the
Commission. A person who is not deemed to have been an "affiliate" of the
Company any time during the three months immediately preceding a sale and who
has beneficially owned shares for at least two years would be entitled to sell
such shares under Rule 144 without regard to the volume limitation described
above.
All executive officers, directors, stockholders and optionholders of the
Company (including the selling stockholders) have agreed that they will not,
without the prior written consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated on behalf of
the Underwriters (which consent may be withheld in its sole discretion) and
subject to certain limited exceptions, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell,
sell any option or contract to purchase, sell short, purchase any option or
contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or
otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common
Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
Common Stock, or enter into any swap or similar agreement that transfers, in
whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common
Stock, for a period commencing on the date of this Prospectus and continuing to
a date 180 days after such date; provided, however, that such restrictions do
not apply to shares of Class A Common Stock sold or purchased in the Offering or
to shares of Class A Common Stock purchased in the open market following the
Offering. BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, on behalf of the Underwriters, may, in
its sole discretion and at any time without notice, release all or any portion
of the securities subject to these lock up agreements. In addition, the Company
has agreed that, for a period of 180 days after the date of this Prospectus, it
will not, without the consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, make any offering,
sale, short sale or other disposition of any shares of Common Stock of the
Company or other securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for
shares of Common Stock or derivative of Common Stock (or agreement for such)
except for the grant of options to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock
pursuant to the Stock Option Plan and shares of Class A Common Stock issued
pursuant to the exercise of options granted under such plan and the grant of
purchase rights and issuance of shares under the 1998 Purchase Plan, provided
that such options and grants shall not vest, or the Company shall obtain the
written consent of the holder thereof not to transfer such shares, until the end
of such 180-day period. See "Management -- Stock Options" and "Underwriting."
In general, under Rule 701 under the Securities Act, any employee,
director, consultant or advisor of the Company who purchases shares from the
Company in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written
compensatory agreement is entitled to resell such shares without having to
comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation or notice
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<PAGE> 81
provisions of Rule 144, and affiliates are eligible to resell such shares 90
days after the effective date of the Offering in reliance on Rule 144, subject
to the provisions of the 180-day lock-up arrangements.
The Stock Option Plan authorizes the grant of options to purchase, and
awards of, an aggregate of up to 5,215,154 shares of the Company's Class A
Common Stock. Options to purchase 1,390,715 shares are outstanding. In addition,
options to purchase 1,142,907 shares of Class A Common Stock are expected to be
granted to certain employees and non-employee directors of the Company on the
effective date of the Offering, which options will vest ratably commencing one
year from the date of this Prospectus in 20.0% increments for any employees and
officers, and in 33.3% increments for non-employee directors. An aggregate of
2,781,415 shares are reserved for issuance under the 1998 Purchase Plan. The
Company intends to file a Registration Statement on Form S-8 covering all
outstanding options and shares reserved for issuance under the Stock Option Plan
and the 1998 Purchase Plan, thus permitting the resale of such shares in the
public market.
Certain stockholders beneficially owning an aggregate of 19,356,329 shares
of Class B Common Stock have certain registration rights relating to the shares
of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of their Class B Common Stock.
If such holders, by exercising their registration rights, cause a large number
of shares to be registered and sold in the public market, such sales could have
a material adverse effect on the market price for the Company's Class A Common
Stock. See "Description of Capital Stock -- Registration Rights."
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<PAGE> 82
UNDERWRITING
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement, the
Underwriters named below (the "Underwriters"), through their Representatives, BT
Alex. Brown Incorporated and Prudential Securities Incorporated have severally
agreed to purchase from the Company and the selling stockholders the following
respective numbers of shares of Class A Common Stock at the initial public
offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the
cover page of this Prospectus:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
UNDERWRITER NUMBER OF SHARES
----------- ----------------
<S> <C>
BT Alex. Brown Incorporated.................................
Prudential Securities Incorporated..........................
Total............................................. 10,715,000
==========
</TABLE>
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the obligations of the
Underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent and that the
Underwriters will purchase all shares of the Class A Common Stock offered hereby
if any of such shares are purchased.
The Company and the selling stockholders have been advised by the
Representatives of the Underwriters that the Underwriters propose to offer the
shares of Class A Common Stock to the public at the initial public offering
price set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus and to certain dealers at
such price less a concession not in excess of $ per share. The Underwriters
may allow, and such dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of $ per
share to certain other dealers. After the initial public offering, the offering
price and other selling terms may be changed by the Representatives of the
Underwriters. The expenses of the Offering, all of which are being paid by the
Company, are estimated to be $2,000,000.
The Greenberg Family Trust has granted an option to the Underwriters,
exercisable not later than 30 days after the date of this Prospectus, to
purchase up to 1,607,250 additional shares of Class A Common Stock at the public
offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the
cover page of this Prospectus. To the extent that the Underwriters exercise such
option, each of the Underwriters will have a firm commitment to purchase
approximately the same percentage thereof that the number of shares of Class A
Common Stock to be purchased by it shown in the above table bears to 10,715,000
and the Greenberg Family Trust will be obligated, pursuant to the option, to
sell such shares to the Underwriters. The Underwriters may exercise such option
only to cover over-allotments made in connection with the sale of Class A Common
Stock offered hereby. If purchased, the Underwriters will offer such additional
shares on the same terms as those on which the 10,715,000 shares are being
offered.
The Company and the selling stockholders have agreed to indemnify the
Underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act.
All executive officers, directors, stockholders and optionholders of the
Company (including the selling stockholders) have agreed that they will not,
without the prior written consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, on behalf of
the Underwriters, (which consent may be withheld in its sole discretion) and
subject to certain limited exceptions, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell,
sell any option or contract to purchase, sell short, purchase any option or
contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or
otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common
Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
Common Stock, or enter into any swap or similar agreement that transfers, in
whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common
Stock, for a period commencing on the date of this Prospectus and continuing to
a date 180 days after such date; provided, however, that such restrictions do
not apply to shares of Class A Common Stock sold or purchased in the Offering or
to shares of Class A Common Stock purchased in the open market following the
Offering. BT
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<PAGE> 83
Alex. Brown Incorporated, on behalf of the Underwriters, may, in its sole
discretion and at any time without notice, release all or any portion of the
securities subject to these lock up agreements. In addition, the Company has
agreed that, for a period of 180 days after the date of this Prospectus, it will
not, without the consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, make any offering,
sale, short sale or other disposition of any shares of Common Stock of the
Company or other securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for
shares of Common Stock or derivative of Common Stock (or agreement for such)
except for the grant of options to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock
pursuant to the Stock Option Plan and shares of Class A Common Stock issued
pursuant to the exercise of options granted under such plan and the grant of
purchase rights and issuance of shares under the 1998 Purchase Plan, provided
that such options and grants shall not vest, or the Company shall obtain the
written consent of the holder thereof not to transfer such shares, until the end
of such 180-day period. See "Management -- Stock Options" and "Shares Eligible
for Future Sale."
The Representatives of the Underwriters have advised the Company and the
selling stockholders that the Underwriters do not expect to make sales to
accounts over which they exercise discretionary authority in excess of 5.0% of
the number of shares of Class A Common Stock offered hereby.
Prior to the Offering, there has been no public market for the Class A
Common Stock of the Company. Consequently, the initial public offering price for
the Company will be determined by negotiations among the Company, the selling
stockholders and the Representatives. Among the factors to be considered in such
negotiations are the history of, and prospects for, the Company and the industry
in which it competes, an assessment of the Company management, its past and
present operations and financial performance, the prospects for further earnings
of the Company, the present state of the Company's development, the general
condition of the securities markets at the time of the Offering, the market
prices of and demand for publicly traded common stocks of comparable companies
in recent periods and other factors deemed relevant.
The Representatives have advised the Company that, pursuant to Regulation M
under the Securities Act, certain persons participating in the Offering may
engage in transactions, including stabilizing bids, syndicate covering
transactions or the imposition of penalty bids, which may have the effect of
stabilizing or maintaining the market price of the Class A Common Stock at a
level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. A
"stabilizing bid" is a bid for or the purchase of the Class A Common Stock on
behalf of the Underwriters for the purpose of fixing or maintaining the price of
the Class A Common Stock. A "syndicate covering transaction" is the bid for or
the purchase of the Class A Common Stock on behalf of the Underwriters to reduce
a short position incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Offering. A
"penalty bid" is an arrangement permitting the Representatives to reclaim the
selling concession otherwise accruing to an Underwriter or syndicate member in
connection with the Offering if the Class A Common Stock originally sold by such
Underwriter or syndicate member is purchased by the Representative in a
syndicate covering transaction and has therefore not been effectively placed by
such Underwriter or syndicate member. The Representatives have advised the
Company that such transactions may be effected on the New York Stock Exchange or
otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain matters relating to this offering are being passed upon for the
Company and the selling stockholders by Freshman, Marantz, Orlanski, Cooper &
Klein, a law corporation, Beverly Hills, California. Certain legal matters will
be passed upon for the Underwriters by Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati,
Professional Corporation, Palo Alto, California.
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<PAGE> 84
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements and schedule of Skechers U.S.A., Inc.
as of December 31, 1997 and 1998, and for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1998, have been included herein and in the
registration statement in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, independent
certified public accountants, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority
of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The Company has filed a Registration Statement under the Securities Act
with the Commission with respect to the Class A Common Stock offered hereby.
This Prospectus, which constitutes part of the Registration Statement, omits
certain of the information contained in the Registration Statement and the
exhibits thereto on file with the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act and
the rules and regulations of the Commission. Statements contained in this
Prospectus such as the contents of any contract or other document referred to
are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy
of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such
reference. A copy of the Registration Statement, including the exhibits thereto,
may be inspected without charge at the Commission's principal office at 450
Fifth Street, N.W., Judiciary Plaza, Washington, D.C. 20549, and copies of all
or any part thereof may be obtained from the Commission upon the payment of
certain fees prescribed by the Commission. The Commission also maintains a World
Wide Web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other
information regarding registrants, such as the Company, that file electronically
with the Commission. The address of the site is http://www.sec.gov.
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<PAGE> 85
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Independent Auditors' Report................................
F-2
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets -- December 31, 1997 and
1998...................................................
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Earnings -- Each of the years
in the three-year period ended
December 31, 1998......................................
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity -- Each of
the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
1998...................................................
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- Each of the years
in the three-year period ended December 31, 1998.......
F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................
F-7
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheet -- March 31, 1999..............
F-15
Consolidated Statements of Earnings -- Three-month periods
ended March 31, 1998 and 1999..........................
F-16
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders'
Equity -- Three-month period ended March 31, 1999......
F-17
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- Three-month
periods ended March 31, 1998 and 1999..................
F-18
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................
F-19
</TABLE>
F-1
<PAGE> 86
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Skechers U.S.A., Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Skechers
U.S.A., Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 1997 and 1998, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for
each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1998. These
consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Skechers
U.S.A., Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 1997 and 1998, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
March 12, 1999, except as to
Note 12, which is as of May 28, 1999
F-2
<PAGE> 87
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 1997 AND 1998
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
ASSETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1998
------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash...................................................... $ 1,462 $ 10,942
Trade accounts receivable, less allowances for bad debts
and returns of $1,990 in 1997 and $3,413 in 1998....... 31,231 46,771
Due from officers and employees........................... 355 116
Other receivables......................................... 1,293 2,329
------- --------
Total receivables................................. 32,879 49,216
------- --------
Inventories............................................... 45,832 65,390
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................. 739 2,616
------- --------
Total current assets.............................. 80,912 128,164
------- --------
Property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated
depreciation and amortization............................. 7,423 15,196
Intangible assets, at cost, less applicable amortization.... 1,137 1,003
Other assets, at cost....................................... 1,409 1,921
------- --------
$90,881 $146,284
======= ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings..................................... $22,837 $ 54,323
Current installments of long-term borrowings.............. 300 816
Current installments of notes payable to stockholder...... -- 2,244
Accounts payable.......................................... 36,013 38,145
Accrued expenses.......................................... 4,681 9,530
------- --------
Total current liabilities......................... 63,831 105,058
------- --------
Long-term borrowings, excluding current installments........ 2,675 3,550
Notes payable to stockholder, excluding current
installments.............................................. 13,250 10,000
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred Stock, $.001 par value; 10,000 shares
authorized; none issued and outstanding................ -- --
Class A Common Stock, $.001 par value; 100,000 shares
authorized; none issued and outstanding................ -- --
Class B Common Stock, $.001 par value; 60,000 shares
authorized; 27,814 shares issued and outstanding....... 2 2
Additional paid-in capital................................ -- --
Retained earnings......................................... 11,123 27,674
------- --------
Total stockholders' equity........................ 11,125 27,676
------- --------
$90,881 $146,284
======= ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
<PAGE> 88
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales................................................... $115,410 $183,827 $372,680
Cost of sales............................................... 81,199 115,104 218,100
-------- -------- --------
Gross profit....................................... 34,211 68,723 154,580
Royalty income, net......................................... 1,592 894 855
-------- -------- --------
35,803 69,617 155,435
-------- -------- --------
Operating expenses:
Selling................................................... 11,739 21,584 49,983
General and administrative................................ 18,939 32,397 71,461
-------- -------- --------
30,678 53,981 121,444
-------- -------- --------
Earnings from operations........................... 5,125 15,636 33,991
-------- -------- --------
Other income (expense):
Interest.................................................. (3,231) (4,186) (8,631)
Other, net................................................ 61 (37) (239)
-------- -------- --------
(3,170) (4,223) (8,870)
-------- -------- --------
Earnings before income taxes....................... 1,955 11,413 25,121
State income taxes -- all current........................... 45 390 650
-------- -------- --------
Net earnings....................................... $ 1,910 $ 11,023 $ 24,471
======== ======== ========
Pro forma operations data (unaudited):
Earnings before income taxes.............................. $ 1,955 $ 11,413 $ 25,121
Income taxes.............................................. 782 4,565 10,048
-------- -------- --------
Net earnings....................................... $ 1,173 $ 6,848 $ 15,073
======== ======== ========
Net earnings per share:
Basic................................................... $ .04 $ .25 $ .54
Diluted................................................. $ .04 $ .24 $ .50
======== ======== ========
Weighted average shares:
Basic................................................... 27,814 27,814 27,814
======== ======== ========
Diluted................................................. 29,067 29,067 30,136
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
<PAGE> 89
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK TOTAL
--------------- RETAINED STOCKHOLDERS'
SHARES AMOUNT EARNINGS EQUITY
------ ------ -------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1995....................... 27,814 $2 $ 936 $ 938
Net earnings..................................... -- -- 1,910 1,910
Recovery of distributions from stockholders...... -- -- 600 600
Distributions.................................... -- -- (112) (112)
------ -- ------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1996....................... 27,814 2 3,334 3,336
Net earnings..................................... -- -- 11,023 11,023
Distributions.................................... -- -- (3,234) (3,234)
------ -- ------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1997....................... 27,814 2 11,123 11,125
Net earnings..................................... -- -- 24,471 24,471
Distributions.................................... -- -- (7,920) (7,920)
------ -- ------- -------
Balance at December 31, 1998....................... 27,814 $2 $27,674 $27,676
====== == ======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
<PAGE> 90
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings............................................ $ 1,910 $ 11,023 $ 24,471
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash
provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property and
equipment.......................................... 743 1,137 2,843
Amortization of intangible assets.................... 289 1,456 148
Provision (recovery) for bad debts and returns....... (52) 870 1,423
Loss on disposal of property and equipment........... -- -- 190
(Increase) decrease in:
Receivables........................................ (2,707) (12,635) (17,760)
Inventories........................................ 7,749 (30,021) (19,558)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.......... 418 (290) (1,877)
Other assets....................................... 71 (1,212) (512)
Increase (decrease) in:
Accounts payable................................... (4,344) 27,623 2,132
Accrued expenses................................... 2,524 (83) 4,249
------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities.................................... 6,601 (2,132) (4,251)
------- -------- --------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures.................................... (630) (6,239) (9,434)
Intangible assets....................................... (199) (512) (14)
------- -------- --------
Net cash used in investing activities........... (829) (6,751) (9,448)
------- -------- --------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds related to short-term borrowings........... (7,337) 10,426 31,486
Proceeds from long-term debt............................ -- 3,000 581
Payments on long-term debt.............................. -- (25) (562)
Proceeds from notes payable to stockholder.............. 1,250 -- --
Payments on notes payable to stockholder................ -- -- (1,006)
Distributions to stockholders........................... (112) (3,234) (7,320)
Recovery of distributions from stockholders............. 600 -- --
Other................................................... (41) -- --
------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing
activities.................................... (5,640) 10,167 23,179
------- -------- --------
Net increase in cash.......................... 132 1,284 9,480
Cash at beginning of year................................. 46 178 1,462
------- -------- --------
Cash at end of year....................................... $ 178 $ 1,462 $ 10,942
======= ======== ========
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest............................................. $ 3,188 $ 4,186 $ 8,067
Income taxes......................................... 30 226 1,416
======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
During 1998, the Company acquired $1,372 of property and equipment under capital
lease arrangements. In connection with one of these arrangements, the Company
received $581 in cash through a sale leaseback transaction.
During 1998, the Company declared $7,920 of dividend distributions of which $600
was included in accrued expenses at December 31, 1998.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
<PAGE> 91
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
(1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company
Skechers U.S.A., Inc. (the "Company") designs, develops, markets and
distributes footwear. The Company also operates retail stores and a direct mail
business.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of
the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany
balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized upon shipment of product or at point of sale for
retail operations. Allowances for estimated returns and discounts are provided
when the related revenue is recorded.
Revenues from royalty agreements are recognized as earned.
Inventories
Inventories, principally finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost
(based on the first-in, first-out method) or market. The Company provides for
potential losses from obsolete or slow-moving inventories.
Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be treated for Federal and state income tax
purposes as an S Corporation under Subchapter S of the Internal Revenue Code and
comparable state laws. As a result, the earnings of the Company have been
included in the taxable income of the Company's stockholders for Federal and
state income tax purposes, and the Company has generally not been subject to
income tax on such earnings, other than California and other state franchise
taxes.
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax
rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Due to the S Corporation election, deferred income taxes have been immaterial.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment is computed using
the straight-line method utilizing the following estimated useful lives:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Furniture, fixtures and equipment 5 years
Leasehold improvements Useful life or remaining lease
term, whichever is shorter
</TABLE>
Intangible assets consist of trademarks and are amortized on a
straight-line basis over ten years. The accumulated amortization as of December
31, 1997 and 1998 is $940,000 and $1,088,000, respectively.
F-7
<PAGE> 92
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
Long-Lived Assets
The Company accounts for long-lived assets, including intangibles, at
amortized cost. As part of an ongoing review of the valuation and amortization
of long-lived assets, management assesses the carrying value of assets if facts
and circumstances suggest that such assets may be impaired. If this review
indicates that the assets will not be recoverable, as determined by a
nondiscounted cash flow analysis over the remaining amortization period, the
carrying value of the assets would be reduced to its estimated fair market
value, based on discounted cash flows.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense for the
years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 approximated $7.9 million, $15.8
million and $42.0 million, respectively.
Start-Up Costs
Start-up costs are charged to operations as incurred.
Earnings per Share
The Company reports earnings per share under Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 128 ("SFAS No. 128"), "Earnings Per Share." Under SFAS
No. 128, basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of options,
warrants and convertible securities. Diluted earnings per share reflects the
potential dilution that could occur if securities to issue common stock were
exercised or converted into common stock. The weighted average diluted shares
outstanding gives effect to the sale by the Company of those shares of Common
Stock necessary to fund the payment of the excess of (i) the sum of stockholder
distributions during the previous 12-month period and distributions paid or
declared thereafter until the consummation of the Offering in excess of (ii) the
S Corporation earnings in the previous 12-month period based on the assumed
initial public offering price of $14 per share (the mid-point of the range), net
of underwriting discounts.
The reconciliation of basic to diluted weighted average shares is as
follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average shares used in basic computation.......... 27,814 27,814 27,814
Shares to fund stockholders distributions as described
above................................................. 1,253 1,253 1,253
Dilutive stock options................................... -- -- 1,069
------ ------ ------
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation........ 29,067 29,067 30,136
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
Stock Compensation
The Company accounts for stock compensation under SFAS No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation", and has elected to measure compensation cost
under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 and comply with the pro forma
disclosure requirements. Had compensation cost been determined using the fair
value at the grant date for awards during 1998, consistent with
F-8
<PAGE> 93
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company's net earnings would have been
reduced to the pro forma amount as indicated below (in thousands). No stock
awards were granted prior to 1998.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Pro forma net earnings...................................... $24,273
=======
Pro forma net earnings per share
Basic..................................................... $ .54
Diluted................................................... $ .50
</TABLE>
The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the
minimum value method with the following weighted average assumptions used for
grants during 1998; dividend yield of 0%; risk-free interest rate of 5.7% and
expected lives of eight years. The effects of applying SFAS No. 123 may not be
representative of effects on reported net earnings for future years.
Use of Estimates
Management has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the
reporting of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial
statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Actual
results could differ from those estimates.
Product Design and Development Costs
The Company charges all product design and development costs to expense
when incurred. Product design and development costs aggregated approximately
$900,000, $1.8 million and $2.4 million during the years ended December 31,
1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
Comprehensive Income
Effective January 1, 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 130, "Reporting
Comprehensive Income." SFAS No. 130 establishes standards to measure all changes
in equity that result from transactions and other economic events other than
transactions with owners. Comprehensive income is the total of net earnings and
all other nonowner changes in equity. Except for net earnings, the Company does
not have any transactions and other economic events that qualify as
comprehensive income as defined under SFAS No. 130. Accordingly, the adoption of
SFAS No. 130 did not affect the Company's financial reporting.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amount of the Company's financial instruments, which
principally include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued
expenses, approximates fair value due to the relatively short maturity of such
instruments.
The fair value of the Company's short-term instruments reflects the fair
value based upon current rates available to the Company for similar debt. The
fair value of the Company's long-term debt instruments is based on quoted market
prices.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have
been reclassified to conform with the 1998 presentation.
F-9
<PAGE> 94
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
(2) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment is summarized as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1998
------ -------
<S> <C> <C>
Furniture, fixtures and equipment....................... $7,355 $11,849
Leasehold improvements.................................. 2,777 8,738
------ -------
Total property and equipment.................. 10,132 20,587
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization.......... 2,709 5,391
------ -------
Property and equipment, net................... $7,423 $15,196
====== =======
</TABLE>
(3) SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
The Company has available a secured line of credit, as amended in December
1998, permitting borrowings up to $120,000,000 based upon eligible accounts
receivable and inventories. The agreement expires on December 31, 2002.
Borrowings bear interest at the rate of prime (7.75% at December 31, 1998) plus
.25% or at LIBOR (5.07% at December 31, 1998) plus 2.75% as elected by the
Company. The agreement provides for the issuance of letters of credit up to a
maximum of $18,000,000, which decreases the amount available for borrowings
under the agreement. Outstanding letters of credit at December 31, 1998 were
$3,942,000. Available borrowings under the line of credit at December 31, 1998
was approximately $7,000,000. The Company pays an unused line of credit fee of
.25% annually. The Company is required to maintain certain financial covenants
including specified minimum tangible net worth, working capital and leverage
ratios as well as limit the payment of dividends if it is in default of any
provision of the agreement. The Company was in compliance with these covenants
at December 31, 1998.
(4) NOTES PAYABLE TO STOCKHOLDER
At December 31, 1997, the Company had $13,250,000 outstanding under an
unsecured note payable to a stockholder, bearing interest at 8% and due upon
demand. In connection with the amended and restated line of credit, the Company
refinanced the note payable to stockholder with a financial institution. In
December 1998, the note payable was refinanced by the stockholder into a
$10,000,000 note payable which is subordinated to the line of credit and a
$3,250,000 note payable which is not subordinated to the line of credit. At
December 31, 1998, the $3,250,000 note was reduced by $1,006,000. The notes bear
interest at the prime rate (7.75% at December 31, 1998) and are due on demand.
The note holder has agreed not to call the subordinated note prior to January 1,
2000. Accordingly, the subordinated note has been shown as a long-term liability
in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The Company recorded
interest expense of approximately $1,200,000, $1,060,000 and $540,000 related to
the stockholder notes during the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively.
F-10
<PAGE> 95
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
(5) LONG-TERM BORROWINGS
Long-term debt at December 31, 1997 and 1998 is as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1998
------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
Note payable to bank, due in monthly installments of $25,000
plus interest at prime (7.75% at December 31, 1998) plus
1%, secured by equipment, due December 2002............... $2,975 $2,700
Capital leases, due in aggregate monthly installments of
$62,000, average interest rate of 16.3%, secured by
equipment, due through August 2002........................ -- 1,666
------ ------
2,975 4,366
Less current installments................................... 300 816
------ ------
$2,675 $3,550
====== ======
</TABLE>
The aggregate maturities of long-term borrowings at December 31, 1998 are
as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1999................................ $ 816
2000................................ 910
2001................................ 641
2002................................ 1,999
------
$4,366
======
</TABLE>
(6) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
In January 1998, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 1998
Stock Option, Deferred Stock and Restricted Stock Plan ("Stock Option Plan") for
the grant of qualified incentive stock options ("ISO"), stock options not
qualified and deferred stock and restricted stock. The exercise price for any
option granted may not be less than fair value (110% of fair value for ISOs
granted to certain employees). Under the Stock Option Plan, 5,215,154 shares are
reserved for issuance. In January 1998, 1,390,715 options were granted at an
exercise price of $2.78 per share which was equal to the fair market value. The
options vest at the end of seven years from the date of grant. If an initial
public offering of the Company's securities is consummated, 25.0% of the
outstanding options will immediately vest and the balance will vest over the
next three years. The options expire ten years from the date of grant.
Effective July 1, 1998, the Company adopted the 1998 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan ("1998 Stock Purchase Plan"). The 1998 Stock Purchase Plan is
intended to qualify as an Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under terms of the 1998
Stock Purchase Plan, 2,781,415 shares of common stock are reserved for issuance.
No shares were issued under the 1998 Stock Purchase Plan.
(7) INCOME TAXES
The pro forma unaudited income tax adjustments presented represent taxes
which would have been reported had the Company been subject to Federal and state
income taxes as a C Corporation,
F-11
<PAGE> 96
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
assuming a 40.0% rate. The historical and pro forma provisions for income tax
expense were as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
---- ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Historical income taxes......................... $ 45 $ 390 $ 650
---- ------ -------
Pro forma adjustments (unaudited):
Federal....................................... 610 3,573 7,864
State......................................... 127 602 1,534
---- ------ -------
Total pro forma adjustments........... 737 4,175 9,398
---- ------ -------
Total provision for pro forma income
taxes............................... $782 $4,565 $10,048
==== ====== =======
</TABLE>
Pro forma income taxes differs from the statutory tax rate as applied to
earnings before income taxes as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
---- ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Expected income tax expense..................... $665 $3,880 $ 8,541
State income taxes, net of Federal benefit...... 117 685 1,507
---- ------ -------
$782 $4,565 $10,048
==== ====== =======
</TABLE>
(8) BUSINESS AND CREDIT CONCENTRATIONS
The Company sells footwear products principally throughout the United
States and foreign countries. The footwear industry is impacted by the general
economy. Changes in the marketplace may significantly affect management's
estimates and the Company's performance. Management performs regular evaluations
concerning the ability of its customers to satisfy their obligations and
provides for estimated doubtful accounts. Domestic accounts receivable amounted
to $29.9 million and $45.5 million before allowance for bad debts and returns at
December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively, which generally do not require
collateral from customers. Foreign accounts receivable amounted to $3.3 million
and $4.6 million before allowance for bad debts and returns at December 31, 1997
and 1998, respectively, which generally are collateralized by letters of credit.
International net sales amounted to $31.6 million, $27.7 million and $34.7
million for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively. The
Company's credit losses for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998
were $694,000, $908,000 and $102,000 million, respectively, and did not
significantly differ from management's expectations.
Net sales to customers in the United States exceeded 90% for each of the
years in the three year period ended December 31, 1998. All long-lived assets of
the Company are located in the United States. The Company has no significant
assets outside the United States.
During 1997, no customer accounted for 10% or more of net sales. During
1998, the Company had one significant customer which accounted for 11.8% of net
sales. Sales to this customer during 1999 are not expected to continue at the
1998 level. The Company had one customer at December 31, 1997 which accounted
for 14.7% of trade accounts receivable and a different customer at December 31,
1998 which accounted for 12.6% of trade receivables.
During 1996, the Company had three manufacturers which accounted for 34.0%,
23.5% and 12.0% of total purchases, respectively. During 1997, the Company had
two manufacturers which accounted for 21.7% and 15.0% of total purchases,
respectively. During 1998, the Company had four manufacturers which accounted
15.4%, 14.2%, 12.1%, and 10.4% of total purchases, respectively.
F-12
<PAGE> 97
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
Other than the foregoing, no other manufacturer accounted for 10.0% or more of
the Company's total purchases for such period.
Substantially all of the Company's products are produced in China. The
Company's operations are subject to the customary risks of doing business
abroad, including, but not limited to, currency fluctuations, custom duties and
related fees, various import controls and other monetary barriers, restrictions
on the transfer of funds, labor unrest and strikes and, in certain parts of the
world, political instability. The Company believes it has acted to reduce these
risks by diversifying manufacturing among various factories. To date, these risk
factors have not had a material adverse impact on the Company's operations.
(9) BENEFIT PLAN
The Company has adopted a profit sharing plan covering all employees who
are 21 years of age and have completed one year of service. Employees may
contribute up to 15.0% of annual compensation. Company contributions to the plan
are discretionary and vest over a five-year period. The Company's contributions
to the plan amounted to $53,000, $93,000 and $242,000 for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
(10) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases
The Company leases facilities under operating lease agreements expiring
through December 2008. The leases are on an all-net basis, whereby the Company
pays taxes, maintenance and insurance. The Company also leases certain equipment
and automobiles under operating lease agreements expiring at various dates
through May 2002. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and
1998 approximated $2.5 million, $3.0 million and $7.9 million, respectively.
The Company also leases certain property and equipment under capital lease
agreements requiring monthly installment payments through August 2002.
Future minimum lease payments under noncancellable leases at December 31,
1998 are as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CAPITAL OPERATING
LEASES LEASES
------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Year ending December 31:
1999................................................ $ 749 $ 8,886
2000................................................ 749 8,854
2001................................................ 393 8,824
2002................................................ 215 8,541
2003................................................ -- 6,183
Thereafter.......................................... -- 18,487
------ -------
2,106 $59,775
=======
Less interest....................................... 440
------
$1,666
======
</TABLE>
F-13
<PAGE> 98
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
THREE-YEAR PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
Litigation
The Company is involved in litigation arising from the ordinary course of
business. Management does not believe that the disposition of these matters will
have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of
operations.
Purchase Commitments
At December 31, 1998, the Company had product purchase commitments of
approximately $53 million.
The Company finances its production activities in part through the use of
interest-bearing open purchase arrangements with certain of its Asian
manufacturers. These arrangements currently bear interest at a rate between 9%
and 19% per annum with financing for up to 90 days. The amounts outstanding
under these arrangements at December 31, 1997 and 1998 were $23.1 million and
$23.5 million, respectively, which are included in accounts payable in the
accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. Interest expense incurred by the
Company under these arrangements amounted to $620,000 in 1996, $1.4 million in
1997 and $2.9 million in 1998.
(11) OFFERING COSTS
In 1996, the Board of Directors authorized the filing of a registration
statement for an initial public offering of the Kani division. Management
terminated this offering and charged to operations related offering costs of
$530,000.
In 1998, the Board of Directors authorized the filing of a registration
statement for an initial public offering of the Company. Management delayed this
offering and charged to operations related offering costs of $660,000 after
three months had elapsed.
(12) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has resurrected its plans to offer and register equity
interests.
Effective as of May 28, 1999, the Company was reincorporated in Delaware,
whereby the existing California corporation has been merged into a newly formed
Delaware corporation and pursuant to which each outstanding share of common
stock of the existing California corporation was exchanged for a share of $.001
par value Class B common stock of the new Delaware corporation. In addition,
pursuant to the reincorporation merger, an approximate 13,907 for 1 common stock
split was authorized. The amendment and stock split has been reflected
retroactively in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
The authorized capital stock of the Delaware corporation consists of
100,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $.001 per share, and
60,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $.001 per share. The
Company has also authorized 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $.001 par
value per share.
The Class A common stock and Class B common stock has identical rights
other than with respect to voting, conversion and transfer. The Class A common
stock is entitled to one vote per share, while the Class B common stock is
entitled to ten votes per share on all matters submitted to a vote of
stockholders. The shares of Class B common stock are convertible at any time at
the option of the holder into shares of Class A common stock on a
share-for-share basis. In addition, shares of Class B common stock will be
automatically converted into a like number of shares of Class A common stock
upon any transfer to any person or entity which is not a permitted transferee.
F-14
<PAGE> 99
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
MARCH 31, 1999
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
ASSETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ACTUAL PRO FORMA
-------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash...................................................... $ 989 $ 989
Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for bad debts
and returns of $2,754................................... 53,549 53,549
Due from officers and employees........................... 52 52
Other receivables......................................... 1,899 1,899
-------- --------
Total receivables.................................. 55,500 55,500
-------- --------
Inventories............................................... 44,329 44,329
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................. 1,684 1,684
-------- --------
Total current assets............................... 102,502 102,502
-------- --------
Property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated
depreciation and amortization............................. 15,286 15,286
Intangible assets, at cost, less applicable amortization.... 739 739
Deferred tax assets......................................... -- 2,032
Other assets, at cost....................................... 1,854 1,854
-------- --------
$120,381 $122,413
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings..................................... $ 46,857 $ 46,857
Current installments of long-term borrowings.............. 744 744
Current installments of notes payable to stockholder...... 1,795 1,795
Accounts payable.......................................... 20,279 20,279
Accrued expenses.......................................... 5,845 5,845
Distributions payable..................................... 633 33,483
-------- --------
Total current liabilities.......................... 76,153 109,003
-------- --------
Long-term borrowings, excluding current installments........ 3,493 3,493
Notes payable to stockholder, excluding current
installments.............................................. 10,000 10,000
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity (deficiency):
Preferred Stock, $.001 par value; 10,000 shares
authorized; none issued and outstanding................. -- --
Class A Common Stock, $.001 par value; 100,000 shares
authorized; none issued and outstanding................. -- --
Class B Common Stock, $.001 par value; 60,000 shares
authorized; 27,814 shares issued and outstanding........ 2 2
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)................... 30,733 (85)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)............ 30,735 (83)
-------- --------
$120,381 $122,413
======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-15
<PAGE> 100
SKECHERS, U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
THREE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 1998 AND 1999
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1999
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Net sales................................................... $59,873 $95,736
Cost of sales............................................... 37,390 59,038
------- -------
Gross profit...................................... 22,483 36,698
Royalty income, net......................................... 132 49
------- -------
22,615 36,747
------- -------
Operating expenses:
Selling................................................... 7,017 15,571
General and administrative................................ 13,093 16,397
------- -------
20,110 31,968
------- -------
Earnings from operations.......................... 2,505 4,779
------- -------
Other income (expense):
Interest expense.......................................... (1,484) (1,754)
Other income.............................................. 409 482
Other expense............................................. (345) --
------- -------
(1,420) (1,272)
------- -------
Earnings before income taxes...................... 1,085 3,507
Income taxes................................................ 33 78
------- -------
Net earnings...................................... $ 1,052 $ 3,429
======= =======
Pro forma operations data:
Earnings before income taxes.............................. $ 1,085 $ 3,507
Income taxes.............................................. 434 1,403
------- -------
Net earnings...................................... $ 651 $ 2,104
======= =======
Net earnings per share:
Basic.................................................. $ 0.02 $ 0.08
======= =======
Diluted................................................ $ 0.02 $ 0.07
======= =======
Weighted average shares:
Basic.................................................. 27,814 27,814
======= =======
Diluted................................................ 29,996 29,919
======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-16
<PAGE> 101
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
THREE-MONTH PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 1999
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK TOTAL
---------------- RETAINED STOCKHOLDERS'
SHARES AMOUNT EARNINGS EQUITY
------ ------ -------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1998................. 27,814 $ 2 $27,674 $27,676
Net earnings............................... -- -- 3,429 3,429
Distributions:
Cross Colours trademark................. -- -- (350) (350)
Cash.................................... -- -- (20) (20)
------ ---- ------- -------
Balance at March 31, 1999.................... 27,814 $ 2 $30,733 $30,735
====== ==== ======= =======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-17
<PAGE> 102
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
THREE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 1998 AND 1999
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1999
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings.............................................. $ 1,052 $ 3,429
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash used in
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property and
equipment............................................. 583 856
Amortization of intangible assets...................... 25 32
Provision (recovery) for bad debts and returns......... 1,982 (659)
Gain realized on distribution of intangibles........... -- (118)
(Increase) decrease in assets:
Receivables.......................................... (6,090) (5,625)
Inventories.......................................... (2,017) 21,061
Prepaid expenses and other current assets............ 4 932
Other assets......................................... 53 67
Decrease in liabilities:
Accounts payable..................................... (19,955) (17,866)
Accrued expenses..................................... (531) (2,980)
-------- --------
Net cash used in operating activities............. (24,894) (871)
-------- --------
Cash flows used in investing activities -- capital
expenditures.............................................. (1,170) (946)
-------- --------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds (payments) related to short-term
borrowings............................................. 24,759 (7,538)
Payments related to long-term debt........................ (75) (129)
Payments on notes payable to stockholder.................. -- (449)
Distributions to stockholders............................. -- (20)
Recovery of distributions from stockholders............... 305 --
-------- --------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing
activities...................................... 24,989 (8,136)
-------- --------
Net decrease in cash.............................. (1,075) (9,953)
Cash at beginning of period................................. 1,462 10,942
-------- --------
Cash at end of period....................................... $ 387 $ 989
======== ========
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest............................................... $ 840 $ 1,801
Income taxes........................................... 260 --
======== ========
</TABLE>
During the three month period ended March 31, 1999, the Company had non-cash
distributions of intangibles of $350.
As of January 1, 1998, the Company declared distributions to stockholders
amounting to $608.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-18
<PAGE> 103
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 1999
(UNAUDITED)
(1) GENERAL
The unaudited operating results have been prepared on the same basis as the
audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management,
include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) necessary
for a fair presentation for the periods. The results of operations for interim
periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be achieved for full fiscal
years.
(2) PRO FORMA INFORMATION
Pro forma balance sheet information as of March 31, 1999 has been presented
to reflect the S Corporation distribution ("S Corporation Distribution") to be
made to an amount equal to the previously earned and undistributed taxable S
Corporation earnings aggregating approximately $32.9 million through March 31,
1999 as if such distribution had been made at March 31, 1999 and the Company's S
Corporation status had been terminated at such date and deferred tax assets of
$2.0 million which would have been recorded had the Company been subject to
Federal and state income taxes as a C Corporation. The S Corporation
distribution is comprised of the April tax distribution of $3.5 million, the
Final 1998 tax distribution of $7.6 million, the Final tax distribution of $1.7
million, the Final S Corporation distribution of $20.0 million and other cash
distributions.
No adjustment has been made to give effect to the Company's earned and
undistributed taxable S Corporation earnings for the period from April 1, 1999
through the S Corporation termination date, which would be distributed as part
of the S Corporation Distribution.
The pro forma unaudited income tax adjustments presented represent taxes
which would have been reported had the Company been subject to Federal and state
income taxes as a C Corporation, assuming a 40.0% rate. The historical and pro
forma provisions for income tax expense were as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARCH 31
--------------
1998 1999
---- ------
<S> <C> <C>
Historical income taxes..................................... $ 33 $78
---- ------
Pro forma adjustments:
Federal................................................... 336 1,086
State..................................................... 65 239
---- ------
Total pro forma adjustments....................... 401 1,325
---- ------
Total pro forma income taxes...................... $434 $1,403
==== ======
</TABLE>
Pro forma income taxes differs from the statutory tax rate as applied to
earnings before income taxes as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARCH 31
--------------
1998 1999
---- ------
<S> <C> <C>
Expected income tax expense................................. $369 $1,192
State income tax, net of Federal benefit.................... 65 211
---- ------
Total provision for pro forma income taxes........ $434 $1,403
==== ======
</TABLE>
The Company reports pro-forma earnings per share under Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 128 ("SFAS No. 128"), "Earnings Per Share".
Under SFAS No. 128, basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of
options, warrants and convertible securities. Diluted earnings
F-19
<PAGE> 104
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
MARCH 31, 1999
(UNAUDITED)
per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities to
issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. The weighted
average diluted shares outstanding gives effect to the sale by the Company of
those shares of common stock necessary to fund the payment of the excess of (i)
the sum of stockholder distributions during the previous 12-month period and
distributions paid or declared thereafter until the consummation of the Offering
in excess of (ii) the S Corporation earnings in the previous 15-month period
based on the assumed initial public offering price of $14 per share (mid-point
of the range), net of underwriting discounts.
The reconciliation of basis to diluted weighted average shares as of March
31, 1998 and 1999 is as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1999
------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Weighted average shares used in basic computation........... 27,814 27,814
Shares to fund stockholders distributions described 1,253 990
above..................................................
Dilutive stock options.................................... 929 1,115
------- -------
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation......... 29,996 29,919
======= =======
</TABLE>
(3) COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Effective January 1, 1998, the Company adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income" ("SFAS No. 130").
SFAS No. 130 establishes standards to measure all changes in equity that result
from transactions and other economic events other than transactions with owners.
Comprehensive income is the total of net earnings and all other nonowner changes
in equity. Except for net earnings, the Company does not have any transactions
and other economic events that qualify as comprehensive income as defined under
SFAS No. 130. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS No. 130 did not affect the
Company's financial reporting.
(4) COMPUTER SOFTWARE COSTS
The Company adopted Statement of Position 98-1 ("SOP 98-1"), "Accounting
for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use"
effective January 1, 1999. The adoption of SOP 98-1 did not have a significant
impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
(5) START-UP COSTS
The Company adopted SOP 98-5, "Reporting on the Costs of Start-up
Activities" effective January 1, 1999. The adoption of SOP 98-5 did not have a
significant impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
(6) BANK BORROWINGS
The Company has available a secured line of credit, as amended in December
1998, permitting borrowings up to $120.0 million based upon eligible accounts
receivable and inventories. The borrowings bear interest at the rate of prime
plus 0.25% or at LIBOR (5.06% at March 31, 1999) plus 2.75% and the line of
credit expires on December 31, 2002. The agreement provides for the issuance of
letters of credit up to a maximum of $18.0 million, which decreases the amount
available for borrowings under the agreement. The outstanding letters of credit
at March 31, 1999 are $1.3 million. The Company paid a 1.0% per annum fee on the
maximum letter of credit amount plus 0.50%
F-20
<PAGE> 105
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
MARCH 31, 1999
(UNAUDITED)
of the difference between the revolving loan commitment less the maximum letter
of credit amount. At March 31, 1999, the Company had available credit
aggregating approximately $15.1 million. The agreement contains certain
restrictive covenants, including tangible net worth and net working capital, as
defined, with which the Company was in compliance at March 31, 1999.
At March 31, 1999, the Company had $2.6 million outstanding under a secured
note payable with a financial institution, bearing interest at the rate of prime
plus 1.0%, payable in monthly installments of $25,000 and due November 30, 2002.
(7) NOTES PAYABLE TO STOCKHOLDER
At March 31, 1999, the Company had outstanding a $10.0 million note payable
to a stockholder which is subordinated to the line of credit and a $1.8 million
note payable which is not subordinated to the line of credit. The notes bear
interest at the prime rate (7.75% at March 31, 1999) and are due on demand. The
note holder agreed not to call the subordinated note prior to April 1, 2000.
Accordingly, the subordinated note has been shown as a long-term liability in
the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company
recorded interest expense of approximately $275,000 and $219,000 related to
these notes during the three-month periods ended March 31, 1998 and 1999,
respectively.
(8) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has resurrected its plans to offer and register equity
interests.
Effective as of May 28, 1999, the Company was reincorporated in Delaware,
whereby the existing California corporation has been merged into a newly formed
Delaware corporation and pursuant to which each outstanding share of common
stock of the existing California corporation was exchanged for a share of $.001
par value Class B common stock of the new Delaware corporation. In addition,
pursuant to the reincorporation merger, an approximate 13,907 for 1 common stock
split was authorized. The amendment and stock split has been reflected
retroactively in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
The authorized capital stock of the Delaware corporation consists of
100,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $.001 per share, and
60,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $.001 per share. The
Company has also authorized 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $.001 par
value per share.
The Class A common stock and Class B common stock has identical rights
other than with respect to voting, conversion and transfer. The Class A common
stock is entitled to one vote per share, while the Class B common stock is
entitled to ten votes per share on all matters submitted to a vote of
stockholders. The shares of Class B common stock are convertible at any time at
the option of the holder into shares of Class A common stock on a
share-for-share basis. In addition, shares of Class B common stock will be
automatically converted into a like number of shares of Class A common stock
upon any transfer to any person or entity which is not a permitted transferee.
F-21
<PAGE> 106
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YOU MAY RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS. WE HAVE NOT
AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO PROVIDE INFORMATION DIFFERENT FROM THAT CONTAINED IN THIS
PROSPECTUS. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS NOR SALE OF CLASS A COMMON
STOCK MEANS THAT INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS CORRECT AFTER THE
DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL OR SOLICITATION
OF AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SHARES OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES
UNDER WHICH THE OFFER OR SOLICITATION IS UNLAWFUL.
------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Prospectus Summary.................... 3
Risk Factors.......................... 9
Use of Proceeds....................... 19
Prior S Corporation Status............ 19
Dividend Policy....................... 20
Capitalization........................ 21
Dilution.............................. 22
Selected Financial Data............... 23
Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations....................... 25
Business.............................. 40
Management............................ 61
Certain Transactions.................. 71
Principal and Selling Stockholders.... 74
Description of Capital Stock.......... 75
Shares Eligible for Future Sale....... 78
Underwriting.......................... 81
Legal Matters......................... 82
Experts............................... 83
Additional Information................ 83
Index to Consolidated Financial
Statements.......................... F-1
</TABLE>
------------------
DEALER PROSPECTUS DELIVERY OBLIGATION:
UNTIL , 1999 (25 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS), ALL
DEALERS THAT BUY, SELL OR TRADE THESE SHARES OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK, WHETHER OR
NOT PARTICIPATING IN THIS OFFERING, MAY BE REQUIRED TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS.
THIS IS IN ADDITION TO THE DEALERS' OBLIGATION TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS WHEN
ACTING AS UNDERWRITERS AND WITH RESPECT TO THEIR UNSOLD ALLOTMENTS OR
SUBSCRIPTIONS.
- ------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------
10,715,000 Shares
[SKECHERS U.S.A. INC.]
Class A Common Stock
-------------------
PROSPECTUS
-------------------
BT ALEX. BROWN
PRUDENTIAL SECURITIES
, 1999
- ------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 107
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 13. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
The Registrant estimates that expenses in connection with the offering
described in this registration statement, other than underwriting discounts and
commissions, will be as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee......... $ 51,384
NASD filing fee............................................. 18,984
New York Stock Exchange listing fee......................... 300,000*
Printing expenses........................................... 400,000*
Accounting fees and expenses................................ 400,000*
Legal fees and expenses..................................... 400,000*
Directors' and Officers' Insurance.......................... 300,000*
Fees and expenses (including legal fees) for qualifications
under state securities laws............................... 5,000*
Transfer agent's fees and expenses.......................... 30,000*
Miscellaneous............................................... 94,632*
----------
Total............................................. $2,000,000*
==========
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Estimated.
ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits the Registrant
to, and Article VIII of the Registrant's Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation provides that the Registrant shall, indemnify each person who was
or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was, or has agreed to become,
a director or officer of the Registrant, or is or was servicing, or has agreed
to serve, at the request of the Registrant, as a director, officer or trustee
of, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise (including any employee benefit plan), or by
reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity,
against all expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts
paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in
connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal therefrom.
Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Company and the Selling
Stockholder have agreed to indemnify the Underwriters against certain
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(A) EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
- --------- ----------------------
<C> <S>
1.1 Form of Underwriting Agreement
2.1+ Agreement of Reorganization and Plan of Merger
3.1+ Certificate of Incorporation
</TABLE>
II-1
<PAGE> 108
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
- --------- ----------------------
<C> <S>
3.2+ Bylaws
3.2(a)+ Amendment to Bylaws
4.1+ Form of Specimen Class A Common Stock Certificate
5.1+ Opinion of Freshman, Marantz, Orlanski, Cooper & Klein, a
law corporation
10.1+ Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Option, Deferred Stock and
Restricted Stock Plan
10.2+ 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
10.3 Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and
Robert Greenberg
10.4 Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and
Michael Greenberg
10.5 Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and
David Weinberg
10.6+ Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and
its directors and executive officers
10.7 Form of Registration Rights Agreement between the
Registrant, the Greenberg Family Trust and Michael Greenberg
10.8 Form of Tax Indemnification Agreement
10.9+ Subordinated Promissory Note between the Registrant and the
Greenberg Family Trust, dated December 22, 1998
10.10+ Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between the
Registrant and Heller Financial, Inc., dated September 4,
1998
10.10(a)+ Term Loan A Note, dated September 4, 1998, between the
Registrant and Heller Financial, Inc.
10.10(b)+ Revolving Note dated September 4, 1998, between the
Registrant and Heller Financial, Inc.
10.10(c)+ First Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security
Agreement, dated September 11, 1998
10.10(d)+ Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security
Agreement, dated December 23, 1998.
10.11+ Lease, dated April 15, 1998, between the Registrant and
Holt/Hawthorn and Victory Partners, regarding 228 Manhattan
Beach Boulevard, Manhattan Beach, California
10.12+ Commercial Lease Agreement, dated February 19, 1997, between
the Registrant and Richard and Donna Piazza, regarding 1110
Manhattan Avenue, Manhattan Beach, California
10.13+ Lease, dated June 12, 1998, between the Registrant and
Richard and Donna Piazza, regarding 1112 Manhattan Avenue,
Manhattan Beach, California
10.14+ Lease, dated November 21, 1997, between the Registrant and
The Prudential Insurance Company of America, regarding 1661
So. Vintage Avenue, Ontario, California
10.15+ Lease, dated November 21, 1997, between The Prudential
Insurance Company of America, regarding 1777 So. Vintage
Avenue, Ontario, California
10.16+ Commercial Lease, dated April 10, 1998, between the
Registrant and Proficiency Ontario Partnership, regarding
5725 East Jurupa Street, Ontario, California
10.17+ Lease and Addendum, dated June 11, 1998, between the
Registrant and Dolores McNabb, regarding Suite 3 on the
first floor of the north building, Suite 9 on the first
floor of the south building at 904 Manhattan Avenue,
Manhattan Beach, California
</TABLE>
II-2
<PAGE> 109
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
- --------- ----------------------
<C> <S>
10.18+ Addendum to Lease, dated September 14, 1998, between the
Registrant and Dolores McNabb, regarding Suites 3, 4 and 5
on the second floor of the north building at 904 Manhattan
Avenue, Manhattan Beach, California
10.19+ Promissory Note between the Registrant and the Greenberg
Family Trust, dated December 22, 1998
21.1+ Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23.1 Consent of KPMG LLP
23.2+ Consent of Freshman, Marantz, Orlanski, Cooper & Klein
(contained in exhibit 5.1)
24.1+ Power of attorney
27+ Financial Data Schedule
99.1+ Consent of Richard Siskind as Nominated Director
99.2+ Consent of John Quinn as Nominated Director
</TABLE>
- ---------------
+ Previously filed
(B) SCHEDULES
Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the
Underwriters at the closing specified in the Underwriting Agreement certificates
in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the
Underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the
registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of
such issue.
(c) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act
of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part
of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in
a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b) (1) or
(4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this
registration statement as of the time it is declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of
prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to
the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-3
<PAGE> 110
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant
has duly caused Amendment No. 3 to this Registration Statement to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of
Manhattan Beach, State of California on June 1, 1999.
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
By: /s/ ROBERT GREENBERG
------------------------------------
Robert Greenberg
Chairman of the Board
and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, Amendment No. 3
to this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the
capacity indicated on June 1, 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
<C> <S>
/s/ ROBERT GREENBERG Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
- -------------------------------------------------------- Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Robert Greenberg
* President and Director
- --------------------------------------------------------
Michael Greenberg
/s/ DAVID WEINBERG Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
- -------------------------------------------------------- Officer and Director (Principal Financial
David Weinberg and Accounting Officer)
*By: /s/ DAVID WEINBERG
--------------------------------------------------
David Weinberg
Attorney-in-fact
</TABLE>
II-4
<PAGE> 111
SCHEDULE II
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1997 AND 1998
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO DEDUCTIONS BALANCE
BEGINNING COSTS AND AND AT END
DESCRIPTIONS OF PERIOD EXPENSES WRITE-OFFS OF PERIOD
------------ ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
As of December 31, 1996
Allowance for obsolescence.............. $ 988,000 $ 420,000 $ (500,000) $ 908,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts......... 366,000 623,000 (694,000) 295,000
Reserve for sales returns and
allowances........................... 806,000 5,517,000 (5,498,000) 825,000
As of December 31, 1997
Allowance for obsolescence.............. 908,000 554,000 (554,000) 908,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts......... 295,000 1,878,000 (908,000) 1,265,000
Reserve for sales returns and
allowances........................... 825,000 5,463,000 (5,563,000) 725,000
As of December 31, 1998
Allowance for obsolescence.............. 908,000 64,000 (465,000) 507,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts......... 1,265,000 702,000 (501,000) 1,466,000
Reserve for sales returns and
allowances........................... 725,000 10,840,000 (9,618,000) 1,947,000
</TABLE>
S-1
<PAGE> 112
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
- ------- ----------------------
<S> <C>
1.1 Form of Underwriting Agreement
2.1+ Agreement of Reorganization and Plan of Merger
3.1+ Certificate of Incorporation
3.2+ Bylaws
3.2(a)+ Amendment to Bylaws
4.1+ Form of Specimen Class A Common Stock Certificate
5.1+ Opinion of Freshman, Marantz, Orlanski, Cooper & Klein, a
law corporation
10.1+ Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Option, Deferred Stock and
Restricted Stock Plan
10.2+ 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
10.3 Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and
Robert Greenberg
10.4 Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and
Michael Greenberg
10.5 Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and
David Weinberg
10.6+ Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and
its directors and executive officers
10.7 Form of Registration Rights Agreement between the
Registrant, the Greenberg Family Trust and Michael Greenberg
10.8 Form of Tax Indemnification Agreement
10.9+ Subordinated Promissory Note between the Registrant and the
Greenberg Family Trust, dated December 22, 1998
10.10+ Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between the
Registrant and Heller Financial, Inc., dated September 4,
1998
10.10(a)+ Term Loan A Note, dated September 4, 1998, between the
Registrant and Heller Financial, Inc.
10.10(b)+ Revolving Note dated September 4, 1998, between the
Registrant and Heller Financial, Inc.
10.10(c)+ First Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security
Agreement, dated September 11, 1998
10.10(d)+ Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security
Agreement, dated December 23, 1998
10.11+ Lease, dated April 15, 1998, between the Registrant and
Holt/Hawthorn and Victory Partners, regarding 228 Manhattan
Beach Boulevard, Manhattan Beach, California
10.12+ Commercial Lease Agreement, dated February 19, 1997, between
the Registrant and Richard and Donna Piazza, regarding 1110
Manhattan Avenue, Manhattan Beach, California
10.13+ Lease, dated June 12, 1998, between the Registrant and
Richard and Donna Piazza, regarding 1112 Manhattan Avenue,
Manhattan Beach, California
10.14+ Lease, dated November 21, 1997, between the Registrant and
The Prudential Insurance Company of America, regarding 1661
So. Vintage Avenue, Ontario, California
10.15+ Lease, dated November 21, 1997, between The Prudential
Insurance Company of America, regarding 1777 So. Vintage
Avenue, Ontario, California
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 113
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
- ------- ----------------------
<S> <C>
10.16+ Commercial Lease, dated April 10, 1998, between the
Registrant and Proficiency Ontario Partnership, regarding
5725 East Jurupa Street, Ontario, California
10.17+ Lease and Addendum, dated June 11, 1998, between the
Registrant and Dolores McNabb, regarding Suite 3 on the
first floor of the north building, Suite 9 on the first
floor of the south building at 904 Manhattan Avenue,
Manhattan Beach, California
10.18+ Addendum to Lease, dated September 14, 1998, between the
Registrant and Dolores McNabb, regarding Suites 3, 4 and 5
on the second floor of the north building at 904 Manhattan
Avenue, Manhattan Beach, California
10.19+ Promissory Note between the Registrant and the Greenberg
Family Trust, dated December 22, 1998
21.1+ Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23.1 Consent of KPMG LLP
23.2+ Consent of Freshman, Marantz, Orlanski, Cooper & Klein
(contained in exhibit 5.1)
24.1+ Power of attorney
27+ Financial Data Schedule
99.1+ Consent of Richard Siskind as Nominated Director
99.2+ Consent of John Quinn as Nominated Director
</TABLE>
- ---------------
+ Previously filed
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 1.1
10,715,000 Shares
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
Class A Common Stock
($0.001 Par Value)
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
_______________, 1999
BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
Prudential Securities Incorporated
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters
c/o BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
One South Street
Baltimore, Maryland 21202
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "COMPANY"), and the
selling stockholders named in Schedule II hereto (the "SELLING STOCKHOLDERS")
propose to sell to the several underwriters (the "UNDERWRITERS") named in
Schedule I hereto for whom you are acting as representatives (the
"REPRESENTATIVES") an aggregate of 10,715,000 shares (the "FIRM SHARES") of the
Company's Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value (the "CLASS A COMMON Stock"),
of which 8,925,000 shares will be sold by the Company and an aggregate of
1,790,000 shares will be sold by the Selling Stockholders. The respective
amounts of the Firm Shares to be so purchased by the several Underwriters are
set forth opposite their names in Schedule I hereto. Robert M. Greenberg and M.
Susan Greenberg, as trustees of the Greenberg Family Trust (the "PRINCIPAL
SELLING STOCKHOLDER") also proposes to sell at the Underwriters' option an
aggregate of up to 1,607,250 additional shares of the Company's Class A Common
Stock (the "OPTION SHARES") as set forth below. The Company and the Selling
Stockholders are sometimes referred to herein collectively as the "SELLERS."
Michael Greenberg and the Principal Selling Stockholder are sometimes referred
to herein collectively as the "MANAGEMENT SELLING STOCKHOLDERS."
-1-
<PAGE> 2
As the Representatives, you have advised the Company and the Selling
Stockholders (a) that you are authorized to enter into this Agreement on behalf
of the several Underwriters, and (b) that the several Underwriters are willing,
acting severally and not jointly, to purchase the numbers of Firm Shares set
forth opposite their respective names in Schedule I, plus their pro rata portion
of the Option Shares if you elect to exercise the over-allotment option in whole
or in part for the accounts of the several Underwriters. The Firm Shares and the
Option Shares (to the extent the aforementioned option is exercised) are herein
collectively called the "SHARES." The shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B
Common Stock, $0.001 par value (the "CLASS B COMMON STOCK"), of the Company to
be outstanding after giving effect to the sales contemplated hereby are
hereinafter referred to as the "COMMON STOCK."
In consideration of the mutual agreements contained herein and of the
interests of the parties in the transactions contemplated hereby, the parties
hereto agree as follows:
1. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY AND THE SELLING
STOCKHOLDERS.
(a) The Company and each of the Management Selling Stockholders,
jointly and severally, represent and warrant to each of the Underwriters as
follows:
(i) A registration statement on Form S-1 (File No.
333-60065) with respect to the Shares has been prepared by the Company in
conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"ACT"), and the Rules and Regulations (the "RULES AND REGULATIONS") of the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "COMMISSION") thereunder and has been
filed with the Commission. Copies of such registration statement, including any
amendments thereto, the preliminary prospectuses (meeting the requirements of
the Rules and Regulations) contained therein and the exhibits, financial
statements and schedules, as finally amended and revised, have heretofore been
delivered by the Company to you. Such registration statement, together with any
registration statement filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Act,
herein referred to as the "REGISTRATION Statement," which shall be deemed to
include all information omitted therefrom in reliance upon Rule 430A and
contained in the Prospectus referred to below, has become effective under the
Act and no post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed
as of the date of this Agreement. "PROSPECTUS" means the form of prospectus
first filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b). Each preliminary
prospectus included in the Registration Statement prior to the time it becomes
effective is herein referred to as a "PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS." Any reference
herein to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or to the
Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any supplements or amendments
thereto, filed with the Commission after the date of filing of the Prospectus
under Rules 424(b) or 430A, and prior to the termination of the offering of the
Shares by the Underwriters.
(ii) The Company has been duly organized and is validly
existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware, with corporate power and authority to own or lease its properties and
conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement. The subsidiary
of the Company listed in Exhibit 21 to Item 16(a) of the Registration Statement
(the "SUBSIDIARY") has been duly organized and is validly existing as a
corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
incorporation, with corporate power and authority to own or lease its properties
and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement. The Company
and the Subsidiary are duly qualified to transact business in all jurisdictions
in which the conduct of their business requires such qualification, except where
-2-
<PAGE> 3
the failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on the
earnings, business, management, properties, assets, rights, operations or
condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a
whole. The outstanding shares of capital stock of the Subsidiary have been duly
authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned
by the Company free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and equities and
claims; and no options, warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or
other obligations to issue or other rights to convert any obligations into
shares of capital stock or ownership interests in the Subsidiary are
outstanding.
(iii) Except for the Subsidiary, the Company does not
own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other
entity.
(iv) The outstanding shares of Common Stock of the
Company, including all shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders, have been
duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the
Shares to be issued and sold by the Company have been duly authorized and when
issued and paid for as contemplated herein will be validly issued, fully paid
and non-assessable; and no preemptive rights of stockholders exist with respect
to any of the Shares or the issue and sale thereof. Neither the filing of the
Registration Statement nor the offering or sale of the Shares as contemplated by
this Agreement gives rise to any rights, other than those which have been waived
or satisfied, for or relating to the registration of any shares of Common Stock.
(v) The information set forth under the caption
"Capitalization" in the Prospectus is true and correct. All of the Shares
conform to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement. The
form of certificates for the Shares conforms to the corporate law of the
jurisdiction of the Company's incorporation.
(vi) The Commission has not issued an order preventing
or suspending the use of any Prospectus relating to the proposed offering of the
Shares nor instituted proceedings for that purpose. The Registration Statement
contains, and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto will
contain, all statements which are required to be stated therein by, and will
conform, to the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations. The
Registration Statement and any amendment thereto do not contain, and will not
contain, any untrue statement of a material fact and do not omit, and will not
omit, to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus and any amendments
and supplements thereto do not contain, and will not contain, any untrue
statement of material fact; and do not omit, and will not omit, to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading; provided, however, that the Company makes no representations or
warranties as to information contained in or omitted from the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement, in reliance
upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by or
on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives, specifically for use
in the preparation thereof.
(vii) The financial statements of the Company and the
Subsidiary, together with related notes and schedules as set forth in the
Registration Statement, present fairly the financial position and the results of
operations and cash flows of the Company and the Subsidiary, at the indicated
dates and for the indicated periods. Such financial statements and related
schedules have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted principles of
accounting, consistently applied throughout the periods involved,
-3-
<PAGE> 4
except as disclosed therein, and all adjustments necessary for a fair
presentation of results for such periods have been made. The financial data set
forth in the Prospectus under the captions "Prospectus Summary - Summary
Financial Data, "Selected Financial Data" and "Capitalization" presents fairly
the information shown therein and such data has been compiled on a basis
consistent with the financial statements presented therein and the books and
records of the Company.
(viii) KPMG LLP, who have certified certain of the
financial statements filed with the Commission as part of the Registration
Statement, are independent public accountants as required by the Act and the
Rules and Regulations.
(ix) There is no action, suit, claim or proceeding
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or
the Subsidiary before any court or administrative agency or otherwise which if
determined adversely to the Company or the Subsidiary might result in any
material adverse change in the earnings, business, management, properties,
assets, rights, operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company
and of the Subsidiary, taken as a whole, or to prevent the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby, except as set forth in the Registration
Statement.
(x) The Company and the Subsidiary have good and
marketable title to all of the properties and assets reflected in the financial
statements (or as described in the Registration Statement) hereinabove
described, subject to no lien, mortgage, pledge, charge or encumbrance of any
kind except those reflected in such financial statements (or as described in the
Registration Statement) or which do not materially and adversely affect the
value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made or
proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiary. The
Company and the Subsidiary occupy their leased properties under valid and
binding leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially
interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property,
conforming in all material respects to the description thereof set forth in the
Registration Statement.
(xi) The Company and the Subsidiary have filed all
Federal, State, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be
filed and have paid all taxes indicated by said returns and all assessments
received by them or either of them to the extent that such taxes have become due
and are not being contested in good faith and for which an adequate reserve for
accrual has been established in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. All tax liabilities have been adequately provided for in the
financial statements of the Company, and the Company has not received any
notification of taxes due and owing from the Internal Revenue Service or
California taxation authorities.
(xii) Since the respective dates as of which information
is given in the Registration Statement, as it may be amended or supplemented,
there has not been any material adverse change or any development known to the
Company that is likely to result in the future in a material adverse change in
or affecting the earnings, business, management, properties, assets, rights,
operations or condition (financial or otherwise), of the Company and the
Subsidiary taken as a whole, whether or not occurring in the ordinary course of
business, there has not been any material transaction entered into by the
Company or the Subsidiary, other than transactions in the ordinary course of
business and changes and transactions described in the Registration Statement,
as it may be amended or supplemented, and the Company and the Subsidiary have
not incurred any material contingent obligations.
-4-
<PAGE> 5
(xiii) Neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is or,
with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, will be in violation of or
in default under its Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, as applicable, or
under any agreement, lease, contract, indenture or other instrument or
obligation to which it is a party or by which it, or any of its properties, is
bound and which default would have a material adverse effect on the earnings,
business, management, properties, assets, rights, operations or condition
(financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole. The
execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions herein contemplated and the fulfillment of the terms hereof will
not conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms or provisions of, or
constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other
agreement or instrument that is material to the Company and the Subsidiary taken
as a whole, or of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company or
any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or the Subsidiary of any
court or of any regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental
body having jurisdiction.
(xiv) Each approval, consent, order, authorization,
designation, declaration or filing by or with any regulatory, administrative or
other governmental body necessary in connection with the execution and delivery
by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein
contemplated (except such additional steps as may be required by the Commission,
the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the "NASD") or such
additional steps as may be necessary to qualify the Shares for public offering
by the Underwriters under state securities or Blue Sky laws) has been obtained
or made and is in full force and effect.
(xv) The Company and the Subsidiary own or possess
adequate licenses or other rights to use all patents, patent rights inventions,
trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names, technology
and know-how currently employed or proposed to be employed by it in connection
with their business as described in the Prospectus. Neither the Company nor the
Subsidiary is obligated to pay a royalty, grant a license, or provide other
consideration to any third party in connection with its patents, copyrights,
trademarks, service marks, trade names, or technology other than royalties,
licenses or other consideration that would not be material to the business of
the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole or as disclosed in the
Prospectus, and except as disclosed in the Prospectus, neither the Company nor
the Subsidiary has received any notice of infringement or conflict with (and
neither the Company nor the Subsidiary knows of any infringement or conflict
with) asserted rights of others with respect to any patents, patent rights,
inventions, trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names,
technology or know-how which infringement or conflict, if the subject of an
unfavorable decision, would be material to the business of the Company and the
Subsidiary taken as a whole. Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, the
discoveries, inventions, products or processes of the Company and the Subsidiary
referred to in the Prospectus do not, to the knowledge of the Company or the
Subsidiary, infringe or conflict with any right or patent of any third party, or
any discovery, invention, product or process which is the subject of a patent
application filed by any third party, known to the Company or the Subsidiary,
which infringement or conflict is material to the business of the Company and
the Subsidiary taken as a whole.
(xvi) Neither the Company nor, to the Company's
knowledge, any of its affiliates has taken or may take, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or result in, or which has constituted or which
might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of
the price of the shares of Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of the
Shares.
-5-
<PAGE> 6
(xvii) Neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is, and
after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the application
of the proceeds thereof as described in the Prospectus neither the Company nor
the Subsidiary will be, an "investment company" or an "affiliated person" of or
"promoter" or "principal underwriter" for an "investment company," within the
meaning of such terms under the Investment Company Act of 1940, (as amended, the
"1940 ACT") and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
(xviii) The Company maintains a system of internal
accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i)
transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific
authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation
of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is
permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific
authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with
existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with
respect to any differences.
(xix) The Company and the Subsidiary carry, or is
covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for
the conduct of their respective businesses and the value of their respective
properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar industries.
(xx) The Company is in compliance in all material
respects with all presently applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published
interpretations thereunder ("ERISA"), the violation of which would have a
material adverse effect on the earnings, business, management, properties,
assets, rights, operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company;
no "reportable event" (as defined in ERISA) has occurred with respect to any
"pension plan" (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company would have any
material liability; the Company has not incurred and does not expect to incur
liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or
withdrawal from, any "pension plan" or (ii) Sections 412 or 4971 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including the regulations and published
interpretations thereunder (the "CODE"); and each "pension plan" for which the
Company would have any material liability that is intended to be qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing
has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss
of such qualification.
(xxi) To the Company's knowledge, there are no
affiliations or associations between any member of the NASD and any of the
Company's officers, directors or 5% or greater securityholders, except as set
forth in the Registration Statement.
(xxii) The Company has full corporate power and
authority to enter into this Agreement and perform the transactions contemplated
hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the
Company and constitutes a valid and binding obligation the Company enforceable
in accordance with its terms except as rights to indemnity and contribution
hereunder may be limited as a matter of applicable public policy or by
applicable laws and except as the enforcement hereof may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws
affecting creditors' rights generally, or by general equitable principles.
-6-
<PAGE> 7
(xxiii) The execution and delivery of the Agreement and
Plan of Merger dated as of May 7, 1999 (the "MERGER AGREEMENT") between Skechers
U.S.A., Inc., a California corporation (the "CALIFORNIA CORPORATION"), and the
Company, effecting the reincorporation of the California Corporation under the
laws of the State of Delaware, was duly authorized by all necessary corporate
action on the part of each of the California Corporation and the Company. Each
of the California Corporation and the Company had all corporate power and
authority to execute and deliver the Merger Agreement, to file the Merger
Agreement with the Secretary of State of California and the Secretary of State
of Delaware and to consummate the reincorporation contemplated by the Merger
Agreement, and the Merger Agreement at the time of execution and filing
constituted a valid and binding obligation of each of the California Corporation
and the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms and except as the
enforcement hereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally, or
by general equitable principles.
(xxiv) No material labor dispute with the employees of
the Company or the Subsidiary exists, except as described in the Prospectus, or,
to the knowledge of the Company and the Subsidiary, is imminent.
(xxv) No business relationship, or related party
transactions, exists between or among the Company or the Subsidiary, on the one
hand, and the directors officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the
Company or the Subsidiary, on the one hand, which is required to be described in
the Prospectus that is not so described.
(xxvi) Neither the Company nor the Subsidiary, nor any
director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or acting on
behalf of the Company or the Subsidiary, has used any corporate funds for any
unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to
political activity; made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign
or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; violated or is
in violation of any provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1972; or
made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful
payment.
(xxvii) Neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is a
"passive foreign investment company" within the meaning of Section 1296 of the
Code for its taxable year which includes the date hereof and to the knowledge of
the Company and the Subsidiary, neither the Company nor the Subsidiary will be a
"passive foreign investment company" for the subsequent taxable year.
(xxviii) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, there is
no (i) administrative or judicial proceeding pending or, to the Company's
knowledge, threatened to which the Company or the Subsidiary is a party or to
which any of the properties of the Company or the Subsidiary is subject arising
under any Federal, state or local provisions that have been enacted or adopted
regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or primarily for the
purpose of protecting the environment; or (ii) material adverse effect upon the
Company or the Subsidiary arising from compliance with Federal, state and local
provisions which have been enacted or adopted regulating the discharge of
materials into the environment or otherwise relating to the protection of the
environment.
(xxix) For all periods from its election under
Subchapter S of the Code until [__________, 1999] (the "TERMINATION DATE"), the
California Corporation was qualified as an S
-7-
<PAGE> 8
Corporation pursuant to an election validly made under Subchapter S of the Code
and any applicable state statute (which election has not been and will not be
revoked or terminated for any such period) and the California Corporation has
not been and will not be subject to Federal corporate taxes for such periods.
The Subchapter S election of the California Corporation will be terminated on
the Termination Date, and the Company will be subject to federal corporate
income taxes from and after the date of such termination but not for any prior
period. In connection with the termination, income and loss of the California
Corporation for the S termination year will not be allocated pro rata under
Section 1362(e) of the Code.
(xxx) The Final 1998 Distribution and the Final Tax
Distribution (as such terms are defined in the Prospectus) are legal and valid
under Section 170 of the Delaware General Corporation Law and, to the extent
applicable, Section 500 of the California General Corporation Law.
(b) Each of the Selling Stockholders severally represents and
warrants as follows:
(i) Such Selling Stockholder now has and at the Option
Closing Date (as such date is hereinafter defined) will have good and marketable
title to the Firm Shares and the Option Shares to be sold by such Selling
Stockholder, free and clear of any liens, encumbrances, equities and claims, and
full right, power and authority to effect the sale and delivery of such Firm
Shares and Option Shares; and upon the delivery of, against payment for, such
Firm Shares and Option Shares pursuant to this Agreement, the Underwriters will
acquire good and marketable title thereto, free and clear of any liens,
encumbrances, equities and claims.
(ii) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed
and delivered by such Selling Stockholder and constitutes a valid and binding
obligation of such Selling Stockholder enforceable in accordance with its terms
except as rights to indemnity and contribution hereunder may be limited as a
matter of applicable public policy or by applicable laws and except as the
enforcement hereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally, or
by general equitable principles. Such Selling Stockholder has full right, power
and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, the Power of Attorney and
the Custody Agreement referred to below and to perform its obligations under
such Agreements. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the
consummation by such Selling Stockholder of the transactions herein contemplated
and the fulfillment by such Selling Stockholder of the terms hereof will not
require any consent, approval, authorization, or other order of any court,
regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental body (except as may
be required under the Act, state securities laws or Blue Sky laws) and will not
result in a breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a
default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other agreement or
instrument to which such Selling Stockholder is a party, or of any order, rule
or regulation applicable to such Selling Stockholder of any court or of any
regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body having
jurisdiction the effect of which would prevent consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby.
(iii) Such Selling Stockholder has not taken and will
not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to, or which has
constituted, or which might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the
stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Common Stock of the Company
and, other than as permitted by the Act, such Selling Stockholder will not
distribute any prospectus or other offering material in connection with the
offering of the Shares.
-8-
<PAGE> 9
(iv) Such Management Selling Stockholder is familiar
with the Registration Statement and has no knowledge of any material fact,
condition or information not disclosed in the Registration Statement which has
materially adversely affected or may materially adversely affect the business of
the Company or the Subsidiary; and the sale of the Firm Shares and the Option
Shares by such Management Selling Stockholder pursuant hereto is not prompted by
any information concerning the Company or the Subsidiary which is not set forth
in the Registration Statement. The information pertaining to such Selling
Stockholder under the caption "Principal Stockholders" in the Prospectus is
complete and accurate in all material respects.
(v) The information pertaining to such Selling
Stockholder under the caption "Principal and Selling Stockholders" in the
Prospectus is complete and accurate in all material respects.
2. PURCHASE, SALE AND DELIVERY OF THE FIRM SHARES.
(a) On the basis of the representations, warranties and
covenants herein contained, and subject to the conditions herein set forth, the
Sellers agree to sell to the Underwriters and each Underwriter agrees, severally
and not jointly, to purchase, at a price of $_____ [net price] per share, the
number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the name of each Underwriter in
Schedule I hereof, subject to adjustments in accordance with Section 9 hereof.
The number of Firm Shares to be purchased by each Underwriter from each Seller
shall be as nearly as practicable in the same proportion to the total number of
Firm Shares being sold by each Seller as the number of Firm Shares being
purchased by each Underwriter bears to the total number of Firm Shares to be
sold hereunder. The obligations of the Company and of each of the Selling
Stockholders shall be several and not joint.
(b) Payment for the Firm Shares to be sold hereunder is to be
made in Federal (same day) funds to an account designated by the Company for the
shares to be sold by it and to accounts designated by the Selling Stockholders
for the shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders, in each case against
delivery of certificates therefor to the Representatives for the several
accounts of the Underwriters. Such payment and delivery are to be made through
the facilities of the Depository Trust Company at 10:00 a.m., New York time, on
the third business day after the date of this Agreement or at such other time
and date not later than five business days thereafter as you and the Company
shall agree upon, such time and date being herein referred to as the "CLOSING
DATE." (As used herein, "BUSINESS DAY" means a day on which the New York Stock
Exchange is open for trading and on which banks in New York are open for
business and not permitted by law or executive order to be closed.) The
certificates for the Firm Shares will be delivered in such denominations and in
such registrations as the Representatives request in writing not later than the
second full business day prior to the Closing Date, and will be made available
for inspection by the Representatives at least one business day prior to the
Closing Date.
(c) In addition, on the basis of the representations and
warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set
forth, the Principal Selling Stockholder hereby grants an option to the several
Underwriters to purchase the Option Shares at the price per share as set forth
in the first paragraph of this Section 2. The option granted hereby may be
exercised in whole or in part by giving written notice (i) at any time before
the Closing Date and (ii) only once thereafter within 30 days after the date of
this Agreement, by you, as Representatives of the several Underwriters, to the
Attorney-in-Fact and the Custodian setting forth the number of Option Shares as
to which the several Underwriters are exercising
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<PAGE> 10
the option, the names and denominations in which the Option Shares are to be
registered and the time and date at which such certificates are to be delivered.
The time and date at which certificates for Option Shares are to be delivered
shall be determined by the Representatives but shall not be earlier than three
nor later than 10 full business days after the exercise of such option, nor in
any event prior to the Closing Date (such time and date being herein referred to
as the "OPTION CLOSING DATE"). If the date of exercise of the option is three or
more days before the Closing Date, the notice of exercise shall set the Closing
Date as the Option Closing Date. The number of Option Shares to be purchased by
each Underwriter shall be in the same proportion to the total number of Option
Shares being purchased as the number of Firm Shares being purchased by such
Underwriter bears to the total number of Firm Shares, adjusted by you in such
manner as to avoid fractional shares. The option with respect to the Option
Shares granted hereunder may be exercised only to cover over-allotments in the
sale of the Firm Shares by the Underwriters. You, as Representatives of the
several Underwriters, may cancel such option at any time prior to its expiration
by giving written notice of such cancellation to either of the
Attorneys-in-Fact. To the extent, if any, that the option is exercised, payment
for the Option Shares shall be made on the Option Closing Date in Federal (same
day) funds drawn to the order of "Robert M. Greenberg and M. Susan Greenberg as
Trustees of the Greenberg Family Trust" against delivery of certificates
therefor through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company, New York, New
York.
(d) Certificates in negotiable form for the total number of the
Shares to be sold hereunder by the Selling Stockholders have been placed in
custody with American Stock Transfer and Trust Company as custodian (the
"CUSTODIAN") pursuant to the Custody Agreement executed by each Selling
Stockholder for delivery of all Firm Shares and Option Shares to be sold
hereunder by the Selling Stockholders. Each of the Selling Stockholders
specifically agrees that the Firm Shares and Option Shares represented by the
certificates held in custody for the Selling Stockholders under the Custody
Agreement are subject to the interests of the Underwriters hereunder, that the
arrangements made by the Selling Stockholders for such custody are to that
extent irrevocable, and that the obligations of the Selling Stockholders
hereunder shall not be terminable by any act or deed of the Selling Stockholders
(or by any other person, firm or corporation including the Company, the
Custodian or the Underwriters) or by operation of law (including the death of an
individual Selling Shareholder or the dissolution or other termination of a
Selling Stockholder that is a trust) or by the occurrence of any other event or
events, except as set forth in the Custody Agreement. If any such event should
occur prior to the delivery to the Underwriters of the Firm Shares or the Option
Shares hereunder, certificates for the Firm Shares or the Option Shares shall be
delivered by the Custodian in accordance with the terms and conditions of this
Agreement as if such event has not occurred. The Custodian is authorized to
receive and acknowledge receipt of the proceeds of sale of the Shares held by it
against delivery of such Shares.
(e) If on the Closing Date or Option Closing Date, as the case
may be, any Selling Stockholder fails to sell the Firm Shares or Option Shares
which such Selling Stockholder has agreed to sell on such date as set forth in
Schedule II hereto, the Company agrees that it will sell or arrange for the sale
of that number of shares of Class A Common Stock to the Underwriters which
represents the Firm Shares or Option Shares which such Selling Stockholder has
failed to so sell, as set forth in Schedule II hereto, or such lesser number as
may be requested by the Representatives.
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<PAGE> 11
3. OFFERING BY THE UNDERWRITERS.
It is understood that the several Underwriters are to make a
public offering of the Firm Shares as soon as the Representatives deem it
advisable to do so. The Firm Shares are to be initially offered to the public at
the initial public offering price set forth in the Prospectus. The
Representatives may from time to time thereafter change the public offering
price and other selling terms. To the extent, if at all, that any Option Shares
are purchased pursuant to Section 2 hereof, the Underwriters will offer them to
the public on the foregoing terms.
It is further understood that you will act as the
Representatives for the Underwriters in the offering and sale of the Shares in
accordance with a Master Agreement Among Underwriters entered into by you and
the several other Underwriters.
4. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY AND THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS.
(a) The Company covenants and agrees with the several
Underwriters that:
(i) The Company will (A) use its best efforts to cause
the Registration Statement to become effective or, if the procedure in Rule 430A
of the Rules and Regulations is followed, to prepare and timely file with the
Commission under Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations a Prospectus in a form
approved by the Representatives containing information previously omitted at the
time of effectiveness of the Registration Statement in reliance on Rule 430A of
the Rules and Regulations and (B) not file any amendment to the Registration
Statement or supplement to the Prospectus of which the Representatives shall not
previously have been advised and furnished with a copy or to which the
Representatives shall have reasonably objected in writing or which is not in
compliance with the Rules and Regulations and (C) file on a timely basis all
reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed
by the Company with the Commission subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and
prior to the termination of the offering of the Shares by the Underwriters.
(ii) The Company will advise the Representatives
promptly (A) when the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment
thereto shall have become effective, (B) of receipt of any comments from the
Commission, (C) of any request of the Commission for amendment of the
Registration Statement or for supplement to the Prospectus or for any additional
information, and (D) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order
suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the
Prospectus or of the institution of any proceedings for that purpose. The
Company will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order
preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus and to obtain as soon as
possible the lifting thereof, if issued.
(iii) The Company will cooperate with the
Representatives in endeavoring to qualify the Shares for sale under the
securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably have
designated in writing and will make such applications, file such documents, and
furnish such information as may be reasonably required for that purpose,
provided the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation
or to file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction where it
is not now so qualified or required to file such a consent. The Company will,
from time to time, prepare and file such statements, reports, and other
documents, as are or may be required to
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<PAGE> 12
continue such qualifications in effect for so long a period as the
Representatives may reasonably request for distribution of the Shares.
(iv) The Company will deliver to, or upon the order of,
the Representatives, from time to time, as many copies of any Preliminary
Prospectus as the Representatives may reasonably request. The Company will
deliver to, or upon the order of, the Representatives during the period when
delivery of a Prospectus is required under the Act, as many copies of the
Prospectus in final form, or as thereafter amended or supplemented, as the
Representatives may reasonably request. The Company will deliver to the
Representatives at or before the Closing Date, four signed copies of the
Registration Statement and all amendments thereto including all exhibits filed
therewith, and will deliver to the Representatives such number of copies of the
Registration Statement (including such number of copies of the exhibits filed
therewith that may reasonably be requested), and of all amendments thereto, as
the Representatives may reasonably request.
(v) The Company will comply with the Act and the Rules
and Regulations, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"EXCHANGE ACT"), and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, so
as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Shares as contemplated in
this Agreement and the Prospectus. If during the period in which a prospectus is
required by law to be delivered by an Underwriter or dealer, any event shall
occur as a result of which, in the judgment of the Company or in the reasonable
opinion of the Underwriters, it becomes necessary to amend or supplement the
Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances existing at the time the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser,
not misleading, or, if it is necessary at any time to amend or supplement the
Prospectus to comply with any law, the Company promptly will prepare and file
with the Commission an appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or
supplement to the Prospectus so that the Prospectus as so amended or
supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances when it is so
delivered, be misleading, or so that the Prospectus will comply with the law.
(vi) The Company will make generally available to its
security holders, as soon as it is practicable to do so, but in any event not
later than 15 months after the effective date of the Registration Statement, an
earning statement (which need not be audited) in reasonable detail, covering a
period of at least 12 consecutive months beginning after the effective date of
the Registration Statement, which earning statement shall satisfy the
requirements of Section 11(a) of the Act and Rule 158 of the Rules and
Regulations and will advise you in writing when such statement has been so made
available.
(vii) Prior to the Closing Date, the Company will
furnish to the Underwriters, as soon as they have been prepared by or are
available to the Company, a copy of any unaudited interim financial statements
of the Company for any period subsequent to the period covered by the most
recent financial statements appearing in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus.
(viii) No offering, sale, short sale or other
disposition of any shares of Common Stock of the Company or other securities
convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock or
derivative of Common Stock (or agreement for such) will be made for a period of
180 days after the date of this Agreement, directly or indirectly, by the
Company otherwise than hereunder or with the prior written consent of BT Alex.
Brown Incorporated, except for the grant of options to purchase shares of Common
Stock pursuant to the 1998 Stock Option, Deferred Stock and Restricted Stock
Plan and shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to the exercise of options
granted under such plan and the grant of
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<PAGE> 13
purchase rights and issuance of shares under the 1998 Employee Stock Purchase
Plan, provided that such options and grants shall not vest, or the Company shall
obtain the written consent of the holder thereof not to transfer such shares,
until the end of such 180-day period.
(ix) The Company will list, subject to notice of
issuance, the Shares on the New York Stock Exchange.
(x) The Company has caused each officer, director,
stockholder and optionholder of the Company to furnish to you, on or prior to
the date of this agreement, a letter or letters, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Underwriters, pursuant to which each such person agrees,
subject to certain limited exceptions set forth therein, not to offer, pledge,
sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, sell short,
purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to
purchase, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any
shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or
exchangeable for Common Stock, or enter into any swap or similar agreement that
transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of
the Common Stock, for a period commencing on the date of the Prospectus and
continuing to a date 180 days after such date, except with the prior written
consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated ("LOCKUP AGREEMENTS").
(xi) The Company has caused each stockholder of the
Company to enter into, on or prior to the date of this agreement, an S
Corporation Termination, Tax Allocation and Indemnification Agreement
substantially in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement (the
"S CORPORATION AGREEMENT").
(xii) The Company shall apply the net proceeds of its
sale of the Shares as set forth in the Prospectus and shall include such
disclosure in reports with the Commission with respect to the sale of the Shares
and the application of the proceeds therefrom as may be required in accordance
with Rule 463 under the Act.
(xiii) The Company shall not invest, or otherwise use
the proceeds received by the Company from its sale of the Shares in such a
manner as would require the Company or the Subsidiary to register as an
investment company under the 1940 Act.
(xiv) The Company will maintain a transfer agent and, if
necessary under the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company, a registrar
for the Class A Common Stock.
(xv) The Company will not take, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or result in, or that has constituted or might
reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the
price of any securities of the Company.
(b) Each of the Selling Stockholders covenants and agrees with
the several Underwriters that:
(i) The Selling Stockholder will not offer, pledge,
sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, sell short,
purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to
purchase, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any
shares of Common Stock or
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<PAGE> 14
any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock,
or enter into any swap or similar agreement that transfers, in whole or in part,
any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock, for a period
commencing on the date of the Prospectus and continuing to a date 180 days after
such date, otherwise than hereunder or with the prior written consent of Alex.
Brown & Sons Incorporated; provided, however, that such restrictions shall not
apply to the Shares; and, provided, further, that such restrictions shall not
apply to shares of Class A Common Stock purchased by the Selling Stockholder in
the open market following the offering of the Shares.
(ii) In order to document the Underwriters' compliance
with the reporting and withholding provisions of the Tax Equity and Fiscal
Responsibility Act of 1982 and the Interest and Dividend Tax Compliance Act of
1983 with respect to the transactions herein contemplated, the Selling
Stockholder agrees to deliver to you prior to or at the Closing Date a properly
completed and executed United States Treasury Department Form W-8 or W-9 (or
other applicable form or statement specified by Treasury Department regulations
in lieu thereof).
(iii) The Selling Stockholder will not take, directly or
indirectly, any action designed to cause or result in, or that has constituted
or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation
of the price of any securities of the Company.
5. COSTS AND EXPENSES.
The Company will pay all costs, expenses and fees incident to
the performance of the obligations of the Sellers under this Agreement,
including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following:
accounting fees of the Company; the fees and disbursements of counsel for the
Company and the Selling Stockholders; the cost of printing and delivering to, or
as requested by, the Underwriters copies of the Registration Statement,
Preliminary Prospectuses, the Prospectus, this Agreement, the Underwriters'
Selling Memorandum, the Underwriters' Invitation Letter, the Listing
Application, the Blue Sky Survey and any supplements or amendments thereto; the
filing fees of the Commission; the filing fees and expenses (including legal
fees and disbursements) incident to securing any required review by the NASD of
the terms of the sale of the Shares; the Listing Fee of the New York Stock
Exchange; and the expenses, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for
the Underwriters, incurred in connection with the qualification of the Shares
under state securities or Blue Sky laws. To the extent, if at all, that any of
the Selling Stockholders engage special legal counsel to represent it in
connection with this offering, the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be
borne by such Selling Stockholder. Any transfer taxes imposed on the sale of the
Shares to the several Underwriters will be paid by the Sellers pro rata. The
Company agrees to pay all costs and expenses of the Underwriters, including the
fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters, incident to the offer
and sale of directed shares of the Class A Common Stock by the Underwriters to
employees and persons having business relationships with the Company and the
Subsidiary. The Sellers shall not, however, be required to pay for any of the
Underwriters expenses (other than those related to qualification under NASD
regulation and state securities or Blue Sky laws) except that, if this Agreement
shall not be consummated because the conditions in Section 6 hereof are not
satisfied, or because this Agreement is terminated by the Representatives
pursuant to Section 11 hereof, or by reason of any failure, refusal or inability
on the part of the Company or the Selling Stockholders to perform any
undertaking or satisfy any condition of this Agreement or to comply with any of
the terms hereof on their part to be performed, unless such failure to satisfy
said condition or to comply with said terms is due to the default or omission of
any Underwriter, then the Company shall reimburse the several Underwriters for
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<PAGE> 15
reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including fees and disbursements of counsel,
reasonably incurred in connection with investigating, marketing and proposing to
market the Shares or in contemplation of performing their obligations hereunder;
but the Company and the Selling Stockholders shall not in any event be liable to
any of the several Underwriters for damages on account of loss of anticipated
profits from the sale by them of the Shares.
6. CONDITIONS OF OBLIGATIONS OF THE UNDERWRITERS.
The several obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Firm
Shares on the Closing Date and the Option Shares, if any, on the Option Closing
Date are subject to the accuracy, as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing
Date, as the case may be, of the representations and warranties of the Company
and the Selling Stockholders contained herein, and to the performance by the
Company and the Selling Stockholders of their covenants and obligations
hereunder and to the following additional conditions:
(a) The Registration Statement and all post-effective amendments
thereto shall have become effective and any and all filings required by Rule 424
and Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations shall have been made, and any request
of the Commission for additional information (to be included in the Registration
Statement or otherwise) shall have been disclosed to the Representatives and
complied with to their reasonable satisfaction. No stop order suspending the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, shall
have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been taken or,
to the knowledge of the Company or the Selling Stockholders, shall be
contemplated by the Commission and no injunction, restraining order, or order of
any nature by a Federal or state court of competent jurisdiction shall have been
issued as of the Closing Date which would prevent the issuance of the Shares.
(b) The Representatives shall have received on the Closing Date
or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, the opinion of Freshman,
Marantz, Orlanski, Cooper & Klein ("FMOCK"), counsel for the Company and the
Selling Stockholders, dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the
case may be, addressed to the Underwriters (and stating that it may be relied
upon by counsel to the Underwriters) to the effect that:
(i) The Company has been duly organized and is validly
existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware, with corporate power and authority to own or lease its properties and
conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement; the Subsidiary
has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with corporate
power and authority to own or lease its properties and conduct its business as
described in the Registration Statement; the Company and the Subsidiary are duly
qualified to transact business in all jurisdictions in which the conduct of
their business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so
qualified would not have a materially adverse effect upon the business of the
Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole; and the outstanding shares of
capital stock of the Subsidiary have been duly authorized and validly issued and
are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned by the Company; and, to the best
of such counsel's knowledge, the outstanding shares of capital stock of the
Subsidiary are owned free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and equities and
claims, and no options, warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or
other obligations to issue or other rights to
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<PAGE> 16
convert any obligations into any shares of capital stock or of ownership
interests in the Subsidiary are outstanding.
(ii) To such counsel's knowledge, except for the
Subsidiary, the Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any
corporation, association or other entity;
(iii) The Company has authorized and outstanding capital
stock as set forth under the caption "Capitalization" in the Prospectus; the
authorized shares of the Company's Common Stock have been duly authorized; the
outstanding shares of the Company's Common Stock, including the Shares to be
sold by the Selling Stockholders, have been duly authorized and validly issued
and are fully paid and non-assessable; all of the Shares conform to the
description thereof contained in the Prospectus; the certificates for the
Shares, assuming they are in the form filed with the Commission, are in due and
proper form; the shares of Common Stock, including the Option Shares, if any, to
be sold by the Company pursuant to this Agreement have been duly authorized and
will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable when issued and paid for
as contemplated by this Agreement; and no preemptive rights of stockholders
arising under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or, to such counsel's
knowledge, otherwise exist with respect to any of the Shares or the issue or
sale thereof.
(iv) Except as described in or contemplated by the
Prospectus, to the knowledge of such counsel, there are no outstanding
securities of the Company convertible or exchangeable into or evidencing the
right to purchase or subscribe for any shares of capital stock of the Company
and there are no outstanding or authorized options, warrants or rights of any
character obligating the Company to issue any shares of its capital stock or any
securities convertible or exchangeable into or evidencing the right to purchase
or subscribe for any shares of such stock; and except as described in the
Prospectus, to the knowledge of such counsel, no holder of any securities of the
Company or any other person has the right, contractual or otherwise, which has
not been satisfied or effectively waived, to cause the Company to sell or
otherwise issue to them, or to permit them to underwrite the sale of, any of the
Shares or the right to have any Common Stock or other securities of the Company
included in the Registration Statement or the right, as a result of the filing
of the Registration Statement, to require registration under the Act of any
shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company.
(v) The Registration Statement has become effective
under the Act and, to such counsel's knowledge, no stop order proceedings with
respect thereto have been instituted or are pending or threatened under the Act.
(vi) The Registration Statement, the Prospectus and each
amendment or supplement thereto comply as to form in all material respects with
the requirements of the Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder
(except that such counsel need express no opinion as to the financial statements
and related schedules therein).
(vii) The statements (A) in the Prospectus under the
captions "Risk Factors--Anti-Takeover Provisions, "Risk Factors--Shares Eligible
for Future Sale," "Management," "Certain Transactions," "Description of Capital
Stock" and "Shares Eligible for Future Sale; Registration Rights" and (B) in the
Registration Statement in Items 14 and 15, in each case insofar as such
statements constitute a summary of documents referred to therein or matters of
law, fairly summarize in all material respects the information called for with
respect to such documents and matters.
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<PAGE> 17
(viii) Such counsel does not know of any contracts or
documents required to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or
described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which are not so filed
or described as required, and such contracts and documents as are summarized in
the Registration Statement or the Prospectus are fairly summarized in all
material respects.
(ix) Such counsel knows of no legal or governmental
proceedings pending or threatened against the Company or the Subsidiary, except
as set forth in the Prospectus, which, if determined adversely to the Company
would have a material adverse effect on the business of the Company.
(x) The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions herein contemplated do not and will not
conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms or provisions of, or
constitute a default under any agreement or instrument known to such counsel to
which the Company or the Subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or the
Subsidiary may be bound, which default would have a material adverse effect on
the business of the Company and the Subsidiary, taken as a whole, or affect the
ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or
under the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company.
(xi) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed
and delivered by the Company.
(xii) No approval, consent, order, authorization,
designation, declaration or filing by or with any regulatory, administrative or
other governmental body is necessary in connection with the execution and
delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein
contemplated (other than as may be required by the NASD or as required by state
securities and Blue Sky laws as to which such counsel need express no opinion)
except such as have been obtained or made, specifying the same.
(xiii) The Company is not, and will not become, as a
result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement,
and application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectus,
required to register as an investment company under the 1940 Act.
(xiv) Each of this Agreement, the Power of Attorney and
the Custody Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf
of the Selling Stockholders.
(xv) Each Selling Stockholder has full legal right,
power and authority, and any approval required by law (other than as required by
state securities and Blue Sky laws as to which such counsel need express no
opinion), to sell, assign, transfer and deliver the Shares to be sold by such
Selling Stockholder.
(xvi) The Custody Agreement and the Power of Attorney
executed and delivered by the Selling Stockholders is valid and binding.
(xvii) To our knowledge, the Underwriters (assuming that
they are bona fide purchasers within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code)
have acquired good and marketable title
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<PAGE> 18
to the Shares being sold by the Selling Stockholders on the Closing Date, and
the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, free and clear of all liens,
encumbrances, equities and claims.
In rendering such opinion FMOCK may rely as to matters governed
by the laws of states other than Delaware or Federal laws on local counsel in
such jurisdictions, provided that in each case FMOCK shall state that they
believe that they and the Underwriters are justified in relying on such other
counsel. In addition to the matters set forth above, such opinion shall also
include a statement to the effect that nothing has come to the attention of such
counsel which leads them to believe that (i) the Registration Statement, at the
time it became effective under the Act (but after giving effect to any
modifications incorporated therein pursuant to Rule 430A under the Act) and as
of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, contained an
untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading,
and (ii) the Prospectus, or any supplement thereto, on the date it was filed
pursuant to the Rules and Regulations and as of the Closing Date or the Option
Closing Date, as the case may be, contained an untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not
misleading (except that such counsel need express no view as to financial
statements, schedules and statistical information therein). With respect to such
statement, FMOCK may state that their belief is based upon the procedures set
forth therein, but is without independent check and verification.
(c) The Representatives shall have received on the Closing Date
or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, the opinion of Kleinberg &
Lerner, special intellectual property counsel for the Company, dated the Closing
Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, addressed to the
Underwriters (and stating that it may be relied upon by counsel to the
Underwriters) to the effect that:
(i) the Company is listed in the records of the United
States Patent and Trademark Office ("PTO") as the holder of record of the
registered trademarks consisting of "SKECHERS" and the "S in Shield design"
(collectively, the "TRADEMARKS"). To such counsel's knowledge, there is no claim
of any party other than the Company to any ownership interest or lien with
respect to any of the Trademarks. As of March 31, 1999, to the best of such
counsel's knowledge based on information provided by local counsel, the Company
has a valid registered trademark or trademark application relating to the
Trademarks in each of the foreign jurisdictions listed on Exhibit A;
(ii) the statements in the Prospectus under the captions
"Risk Factors--Ability to Protect Intellectual Property," and
"Business--Intellectual Property Rights" (the "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PORTIONS"),
to our knowledge, insofar as such statements relate to trademarks, patents,
intellectual property or any legal matters, documents and proceedings relating
thereto fairly present the information called for with respect to such legal
matters, documents and proceedings and fairly summarize the matters referred to
therein.
(iii) to such counsel's knowledge, except as set forth
in the Prospectus or otherwise disclosed to the Underwriters in writing, there
is not pending or threatened in writing any action, suit, proceeding or claim by
others (A) challenging the validity or scope of the Trademarks or any other
material trademarks, trademark applications or domain names held by or licensed
to the Company, or (B) , asserting that any trademark is infringed by the
activities of the Company described in the Prospectus or by
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<PAGE> 19
the manufacture, use, sale, promotion or advertising of any of the Company's
products or use of its domain names.
(iv) to such counsel's knowledge, except as set forth in
the Prospectus or otherwise disclosed to the Underwriters in writing, there is
not pending or threatened in writing any action, suit, proceeding or claim by
the Company asserting infringement on the part of any third party of the
Trademarks or any other trademarks, domain names, trade names or advertising
slogans held by or licensed to the Company that are material to the business of
the Company.
(d) The Representatives shall have received from Wilson Sonsini
Goodrich & Rosati, Professional Corporation ("WSGR"), counsel for the
Underwriters, an opinion dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as
the case may be, substantially to the effect specified in subparagraphs (ii) (as
to matters relating to the shares only), (iv) and (ix) of Paragraph (b) of this
Section 6, and that the Company is a duly organized and validly existing
corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware. In rendering such opinion
WSGR may rely as to all matters governed other than by the laws of the State of
Delaware or Federal laws on the opinion of counsel referred to in Paragraph (b)
of this Section 6. In addition to the matters set forth above, such opinion
shall also include a statement to the effect that nothing has come to the
attention of such counsel which leads them to believe that (i) the Registration
Statement, or any amendment thereto, as of the time it became effective under
the Act (but after giving effect to any modifications incorporated therein
pursuant to Rule 430A under the Act) as of the Closing Date or the Option
Closing Date, as the case may be, contained an untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and (ii) the
Prospectus, or any supplement thereto, on the date it was filed pursuant to the
Rules and Regulations and as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as
the case may be, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to
state a material fact, necessary in order to make the statements, in the light
of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading (except that such
counsel need express no view as to financial statements, schedules and
statistical information therein). With respect to such statement, WSGR may state
that their belief is based upon the procedures set forth therein, but is without
independent check and verification.
(e) You shall have received, on each of the dates hereof, the
Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, a letter dated the
date hereof, the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, in
form and substance satisfactory to you, of KPMG LLP confirming that they are
independent public accountants within the meaning of the Act and the applicable
published Rules and Regulations thereunder and stating that in their opinion the
financial statements and schedules examined by them and included in the
Registration Statement comply in form in all material respects with the
applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related published Rules
and Regulations; and containing such other statements and information as is
ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to Underwriters with
respect to the financial statements and certain financial and statistical
information contained in the Registration Statement and Prospectus.
(f) The Representatives shall have received on the Closing Date
or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, a certificate or certificates of
the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company,
signing on behalf of the Company, to the effect that, as of the Closing Date or
the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, each of them severally represents
as follows:
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<PAGE> 20
(i) The Registration Statement has become effective
under the Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been taken
or are, to the Company's knowledge, contemplated by the Commission;
(ii) The representations and warranties of the Company
contained in Section 1 hereof are true and correct as of the Closing Date or the
Option Closing Date, as the case may be;
(iii) All filings required to have been made pursuant to
Rules 424 or 430A under the Act have been made;
(iv) As of the effective date of the Registration
Statement, the statements contained in the Registration Statement were true and
correct, and such Registration Statement and Prospectus did not omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein not misleading, and since the effective date of the
Registration Statement, no event has occurred which should have been set forth
in a supplement to or an amendment of the Prospectus which has not been so set
forth in such supplement or amendment; and
(v) Since the respective dates as of which information
is given in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, there has not been any
material adverse change or any development involving a prospective material
adverse change in or affecting the condition, financial or otherwise, of the
Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole or the earnings, business,
management, properties, assets, rights, operations, condition (financial or
otherwise) or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole,
whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business.
(g) The Firm Shares and Option Shares, if any, shall have been
listed subject to notice of issuance on the New York Stock Exchange.
(h) The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date a
certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by the Selling Stockholders (or
by their attorney-in-fact on their behalf), to the effect that the
representations and warranties of the Selling Stockholders contained in Section
1 of this Agreement are true and correct as of the Closing Date and that each
Selling Shareholder has complied with all of the agreements and satisfied all of
the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder on or prior to
before the Closing Date
(i) The Lockup Agreements described in Section 4(x) shall have
been delivered to the Company and shall not have been amended.
(j) The S Corporation Agreement described in Section 4(xi) shall
have been delivered to the Company and shall not have been amended.
The opinions and certificates mentioned in this Agreement shall
be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in all
material respects satisfactory to the Representatives and to WSGR, counsel for
the Underwriters.
If any of the conditions hereinabove provided for in this
Section 6 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required by this Agreement
to be fulfilled, the obligations of the Underwriters
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<PAGE> 21
hereunder may be terminated by the Representatives by notifying the Company and
the Selling Stockholders of such termination in writing or by telegram at or
prior to the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be.
In such event, the Selling Stockholders, the Company and the
Underwriters shall not be under any obligation to each other (except to the
extent provided in Sections 5 and 8 hereof).
7 CONDITIONS OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE SELLERS.
The obligations of the Sellers to sell and deliver the portion
of the Shares required to be delivered as and when specified in this Agreement
are subject to the conditions that at the Closing Date or the Option Closing
Date, as the case may be, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement shall have been issued and in effect or proceedings
therefor initiated or threatened.
8 INDEMNIFICATION.
(a) The Company agrees:
(1) to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and
each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act,
against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which such Underwriter or
any such controlling person may become subject under the Act or otherwise,
insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or
proceedings in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in the
Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any
amendment or supplement thereto, (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state
therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading any act or failure to act, or (iii) any
alleged act or failure to act by any Underwriter in connection with, or relating
in any manner to, the Shares or the offering contemplated hereby, and which is
included as part of or referred to in any loss, claim, damage, liability or
action arising out of or based upon matters covered by clause (i) or (ii) above
(provided, that the Company shall not be liable under this clause (iii) to the
extent that it is determined in a final judgment by a court of competent
jurisdiction that such loss, claim, damage, liability or action resulted
directly from any such acts or failures to act undertaken or omitted to be taken
by such Underwriter through its gross negligence or willful misconduct);
provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the
extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based
upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement, or omission or alleged
omission made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the
Prospectus, or such amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity
with written information furnished to the Company by or through the
Representatives specifically for use in the preparation thereof.
(2) to reimburse each Underwriter and each such
controlling person upon demand for any legal or other out-of-pocket expenses
reasonably incurred by such Underwriter or such controlling person in connection
with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage or liability,
action or proceeding or in responding to a subpoena or governmental inquiry
related to the offering of the Shares, whether or not such Underwriter or
controlling person is a party to any action or proceeding. In the event that it
is finally judicially determined that the Underwriters were not entitled to
receive payments for
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<PAGE> 22
legal and other expenses pursuant to this subparagraph, the Underwriters will
promptly return all sums that had been advanced pursuant hereto.
(b) The Selling Stockholders agree to indemnify the Underwriters
and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the
Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which such
Underwriter or controlling person may become subject under the Act or otherwise
to the same extent as indemnity is provided by the Company pursuant to Section
8(a) above. In no event, however, shall the liability of any Selling Stockholder
for indemnification under this Section 8(a) exceed sum of (i) the proceeds
received by such Selling Stockholder from the Underwriters in the offering and
(ii), in the case of the Principal Selling Stockholder, the lesser of (A) the
amount received by such Principal Selling Stockholder in repayment of promissory
notes issued by the Company, which had an aggregate of $12.2 million principal
amount at December 31, 1998, and (B) $10.0 million. This indemnity obligation
will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have.
(c) Each Underwriter severally and not jointly will indemnify
and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who
have signed the Registration Statement, the Selling Stockholders, and each
person, if any, who controls the Company or the Selling Stockholders within the
meaning of the Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which
the Company or any such director, officer, Selling Stockholders or controlling
person may become subject under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses,
claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof)
arise out of or are based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of any material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any
Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto,
or (ii) the omission or the alleged omission to state therein a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made; and
will reimburse upon demand any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by
the Company or any such director, officer, Selling Stockholders or controlling
person in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim,
damage, liability, action or proceeding; provided, however, that each
Underwriter will be liable in each case to the extent, but only to the extent,
that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged
omission has been made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary
Prospectus, the Prospectus or such amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and
in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or through
the Representatives specifically for use in the preparation thereof. This
indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which such Underwriter
may otherwise have.
(d) In case any proceeding (including any governmental
investigation) shall be instituted involving any person in respect of which
indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Section 8, such person (the
"INDEMNIFIED PARTY") shall promptly notify the person against whom such
indemnity may be sought (the "INDEMNIFYING PARTY") in writing. No
indemnification provided for in Section 8(a), (b) or (c) shall be available to
any party who shall fail to give notice as provided in this Section 8(d) if the
party to whom notice was not given was unaware of the proceeding to which such
notice would have related and was materially prejudiced by the failure to give
such notice, but the failure to give such notice shall not relieve the
indemnifying party or parties from any liability which it or they may have to
the indemnified party for contribution or otherwise than on account of the
provisions of Section 8(a), (b) or (c). In case any such proceeding shall be
brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party
of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to
participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any
other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense
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<PAGE> 23
thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party and shall pay as
incurred the fees and disbursements of such counsel related to such proceeding.
In any such proceeding, any indemnified party shall have the right to retain its
own counsel at its own expense. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the indemnifying
party shall pay as incurred (or within 30 days of presentation) the fees and
expenses of the counsel retained by the indemnified party in the event (i) the
indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the
retention of such counsel, (ii) the named parties to any such proceeding
(including any impleaded parties) include both the indemnifying party and the
indemnified party and representation of both parties by the same counsel would
be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them or
(iii) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense and employ
counsel acceptable to the indemnified party within a reasonable period of time
after notice of commencement of the action. It is understood that the
indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related
proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees and
expenses of more than one separate firm for all such indemnified parties. Such
firm shall be designated in writing by you in the case of parties indemnified
pursuant to Section 8(a) or (b) and by the Company and the Selling Stockholders
in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 8(c). The indemnifying
party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without
its written consent but if settled with such consent or if there be a final
judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the
indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such
settlement or judgment. In addition, the indemnifying party will not, without
the prior written consent of the indemnified party, settle or compromise or
consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action
or proceeding of which indemnification may be sought hereunder (whether or not
any indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such claim, action or
proceeding) unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an
unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out
of such claim, action or proceeding.
(e) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is
unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under
Section 8(a), (b) or (c) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or
liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) referred to therein,
then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by
such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or
liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) in such proportion as
is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and the
Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the
offering of the Shares. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately
preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law then each indemnifying
party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party
in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits
but also the relative fault of the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the
one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or
omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, (or
actions or proceedings in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company and the
Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be
deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering
(before deducting expenses) received by the Company and the Selling Stockholders
bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the
Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the
Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other
things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the
omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information
supplied by the Company or the Selling Stockholders on the one hand or the
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<PAGE> 24
Underwriters on the other and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to
information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
The Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters agree
that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this
Section 8(e) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters
were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of
allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred
to above in this Section 8(e). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified
party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or
proceedings in respect thereof) referred to above in this Section 8(e) shall be
deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such
indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action
or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (e), (i) no
Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the
underwriting discounts and commissions applicable to the Shares purchased by
such Underwriter, (ii) no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within
the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from
any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation, and (iii)
the Selling Stockholders shall not be required to contribute any amount in
excess of the sum of (x) the proceeds received by such Selling Stockholder from
the Underwriters in the offering and (y) in the case of the Principal Selling
Stockholder, the lesser of (A) the amount received by such Principal Selling
Stockholder in repayment of promissory notes issued by the Company, which had an
aggregate of $12.2 million principal amount at December 31, 1998, and (B) $10.0
million. The Underwriters' obligations in this Section 8(e) to contribute are
several in proportion to their respective underwriting obligations and not
joint.
(f) In any proceeding relating to the Registration Statement,
any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any supplement or amendment
thereto, each party against whom contribution may be sought under this Section 8
hereby consents to the jurisdiction of any court having jurisdiction over any
other contributing party, agrees that process issuing from such court may be
served upon him or it by any other contributing party and consents to the
service of such process and agrees that any other contributing party may join
him or it as an additional defendant in any such proceeding in which such other
contributing party is a party.
(g) Any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses for
which an indemnified party is entitled to indemnification or contribution under
this Section 8 shall be paid by the indemnifying party to the indemnified party
as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses are incurred. The
indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 8 and the
representations and warranties of the Company and the Selling Stockholders set
forth in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect,
regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or
any person controlling any Underwriter, the Company, its directors or officers
or any persons controlling the Company, (ii) acceptance of any Shares and
payment therefor hereunder, and (iii) any termination of this Agreement. A
successor to any Underwriter, or to the Company, its directors or officers, or
any person controlling the Company, shall be entitled to the benefits of the
indemnity, contribution and reimbursement agreements contained in this Section
8.
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<PAGE> 25
9 DEFAULT BY UNDERWRITERS.
If on the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case
may be, any Underwriter shall fail to purchase and pay for the portion of the
Shares which such Underwriter has agreed to purchase and pay for on such date
(otherwise than by reason of any default on the part of the Company or the
Selling Stockholders), you, as Representatives of the Underwriters, shall use
your reasonable efforts to procure within 36 hours thereafter one or more of the
other Underwriters, or any others, to purchase from the Company and the Selling
Stockholders such amounts as may be agreed upon and upon the terms set forth
herein, the Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be, which the
defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters failed to purchase. If during such 36
hours you, as such Representatives, shall not have procured such other
Underwriters, or any others, to purchase the Firm Shares or Option Shares, as
the case may be, agreed to be purchased by the defaulting Underwriter or
Underwriters, then (a) if the aggregate number of shares with respect to which
such default shall occur does not exceed 10% of the Firm Shares or Option
Shares, as the case may be, covered hereby, the other Underwriters shall be
obligated, severally, in proportion to the respective numbers of Firm Shares or
Option Shares, as the case may be, which they are obligated to purchase
hereunder, to purchase the Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be,
which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters failed to purchase, or (b) if
the aggregate number of shares of Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case may
be, with respect to which such default shall occur exceeds 10% of the Firm
Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be, covered hereby, the Company and the
Selling Stockholders or you as the Representatives of the Underwriters will have
the right, by written notice given within the next 36-hour period to the parties
to this Agreement, to terminate this Agreement without liability on the part of
the non-defaulting Underwriters or of the Company or of the Selling Stockholders
except to the extent provided in Section 8 hereof. In the event of a default by
any Underwriter or Underwriters, as set forth in this Section 9, the Closing
Date or Option Closing Date, as the case may be, may be postponed for such
period, not exceeding seven days, as you, as Representatives, may determine in
order that the required changes in the Registration Statement or in the
Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements may be effected. The term
"Underwriter" includes any person substituted for a defaulting Underwriter. Any
action taken under this Section 9 shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter
from liability in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this
Agreement.
10 NOTICES.
All communications hereunder shall be in writing and, except as
otherwise provided herein, will be mailed, delivered, telecopied or telegraphed
and confirmed as follows: if to the Underwriters, to BT Alex. Brown
Incorporated, One South Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, Attention: Gregory J.
Shaia; with a copy to BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, One Bankers Trust Plaza, 130
Liberty Street, New York, New York 10006, Attention: General Counsel; if to the
Company or the Selling Stockholders, to 228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard, Manhattan
Beach, California 90266, Attention: Robert Greenberg.
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<PAGE> 26
11 TERMINATION.
(a) This Agreement may be terminated by you by notice to the
Sellers at any time prior to the Closing Date if any of the following has
occurred: (i) since the respective dates as of which information is given in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus, any material adverse change or any
development involving a prospective material adverse change in or affecting the
condition, financial or otherwise, of the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a
whole or the earnings, business, management, properties, assets, rights,
operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company and
the Subsidiary taken as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course
of business, (ii) any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or declaration of
war or national emergency or other national or international calamity or crisis
or change in economic or political conditions if the effect of such outbreak,
escalation, declaration, emergency, calamity, crisis or change on the financial
markets of the United States would, in your reasonable judgment, make it
impracticable or inadvisable to market the Shares or to enforce contracts for
the sale of the Shares, or (iii) suspension of trading in securities generally
on the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange or limitation on
prices (other than limitations on hours or numbers of days of trading) for
securities on either such Exchange, (iv) the enactment, publication, decree or
other promulgation of any statute, regulation, rule or order of any court or
other governmental authority which in your opinion materially and adversely
affects or may materially and adversely affect the business or operations of the
Company, (v) declaration of a banking moratorium by United States or New York
State authorities, (vi) any downgrading, or placement on any watch list for
possible downgrading, in the rating of the Company's debt securities by any
"nationally recognized statistical rating organization" (as defined for purposes
of Rule 436(g) under the Exchange Act); (vii) the suspension of trading of the
Company's Class A Common Stock by the New York Stock Exchange, the Commission,
or any other governmental authority or, (viii) the taking of any action by any
governmental or regulatory body or agency in respect of its monetary or fiscal
affairs which in your reasonable opinion has a material adverse effect on the
securities markets in the United States; or
(b) as provided in Sections 6 and 9 of this Agreement.
12 SUCCESSORS.
This Agreement has been and is made solely for the benefit of
the Underwriters, the Company and the Selling Stockholders and their respective
successors, executors, administrators, heirs and assigns, and the officers,
directors and controlling persons referred to herein, and no other person will
have any right or obligation hereunder. No purchaser of any of the Shares from
any Underwriter shall be deemed a successor or assign merely because of such
purchase.
13 INFORMATION PROVIDED BY UNDERWRITERS.
The Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters
acknowledge and agree that the only information furnished or to be furnished by
any Underwriter to the Company for inclusion in any Prospectus or the
Registration Statement consists of the information set forth in the last
paragraph on the front cover page (insofar as such information relates to the
Underwriters), legends required by Item 502(d) of Regulation S-K under the Act
and the information under the caption "Underwriting" in the Prospectus.
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<PAGE> 27
14 MISCELLANEOUS.
The reimbursement, indemnification and contribution agreements
contained in this Agreement and the representations, warranties and covenants in
this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of (a) any
termination of this Agreement, (b) any investigation made by or on behalf of any
Underwriter or controlling person thereof, or by or on behalf of the Company or
its directors or officers and (c) delivery of and payment for the Shares under
this Agreement.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each
of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute
one and the same instrument.
This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance
with, the laws of the State of Maryland.
If the foregoing letter is in accordance with your understanding of our
agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicates hereof,
whereupon it will become a binding agreement among the Selling Stockholders, the
Company and the several Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
Any person executing and delivering this Agreement as Attorney-in-Fact
for a Selling Stockholder represents by so doing that he has been duly appointed
as Attorney-in-Fact by such Selling Stockholder pursuant to a validly existing
and binding Power of Attorney which authorizes such Attorney-in-Fact to take
such action.
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<PAGE> 28
Very truly yours,
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
By:_________________________________
Chief Executive Officer
MANAGEMENT SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
____________________________________
Michael Greenberg
Robert M. Greenberg and M. Susan
Greenberg as Trustees of The
Greenberg Family Trust
____________________________________
Robert M. Greenberg
____________________________________
M. Susan Greenberg
THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS NAMED IN
SCHEDULE II HERETO, ACTING SEVERALLY
By:_________________________________
Attorney-in-Fact
The foregoing Underwriting Agreement
is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the
date first above written.
BT ALEX. BROWN INCORPORATED
PRUDENTIAL SECURITIES INCORPORATED
As Representatives of the several Underwriters
listed on Schedule I
By: BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
By:_______________________________
Authorized Officer
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<PAGE> 29
SCHEDULE I
SCHEDULE OF UNDERWRITERS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF FIRM SHARES
UNDERWRITER TO BE PURCHASED
----------- ---------------------
<S> <C>
BT Alex. Brown Incorporated..........................................
Prudential Securities Incorporated...................................
Total
-------------------
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 30
SCHEDULE II
SCHEDULE OF SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF FIRM SHARES
SELLING STOCKHOLDER TO BE PURCHASED
------------------- ---------------
<S> <C>
Robert M. Greenberg and M. Susan Greenberg as trustees of the
Greenberg Family Trust............................................. 1,361,427
Michael Greenberg 142,857
Jeffrey Greenberg 71,429
Jason Greenberg 71,429
Joshua Greenberg 71,429
Jennifer Greenberg 71,429
Total 1,790,000
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.3
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of the ____ day of June,
1999 (the "Effective Date"), by and between Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware
corporation, hereinafter referred to as "Employer" and Robert Y.
Greenberg, hereinafter referred to as "Employee."
The parties contract with reference to the following facts:
A. Employer desires to employ Employee as its Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer and Employee desires to accept employment with Employer
in such capacity.
B. The parties are willing to enter into an Agreement providing for
such employment upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. EMPLOYMENT. Employer hereby agrees to employ, and does hereby
employ, Employee and Employee agrees to accept and hereby accepts employment by
Employer, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement.
2. COMPENSATION.
2.1 Salary. Employer shall pay to Employee a gross annual
salary, as determined from time to time by the Board of Directors of Employer,
provided; however, that in no event shall Employee's salary hereunder be at an
annual rate less than Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) ("Salary"). Said
Salary to be paid bi-weekly or in accordance with Employer's regular payroll
practices.
2.2 Performance-Based Annual Bonus. For each full year during
Employee's term as set forth in Section 5, commencing on the Effective Date,
Employee shall be eligible to receive a cash bonus based on Employer's
achievement of certain financial goals ("Performance-Based Annual Bonus"). For
calendar year 1999, and until changed by the Board's Compensation Committee, the
annual cash bonus award shall be determined on the basis of Employer's annual
return on average equity ("ROE").
(a) if ROE for the calendar year is between 20.0% and
24.9%, the cash bonus shall be equal to 50% of Employee's annual salary for the
subject calendar year pursuant to Section 2.1;
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(b) if ROE for the calendar year is at least equal to
or greater than 25.0%, the cash bonus shall be equal to 100% of Employee's
annual salary for the subject calendar year pursuant to Section 2.1; and
(c) The Performance-Based Annual Bonus payable for
any calendar year shall be paid to Employee no later than the 15th day of April
of the following year. Nothing herein shall preclude Employee from participating
in any equity or equity-based compensation program of Employer and the bonus
program set forth in this Section 2.2 herein may be replaced with a different
program approved by the Board's Compensation Committee and agreed with
by Employee.
2.3 Tax Withholding. Employer shall provide for the
withholding of any taxes required to be withheld by Federal, state and local law
with respect to any payment in cash, shares of capital stock or other property
made by or on behalf of Employer to or for the benefit of Employee under this
Agreement or otherwise. Employer may, at its option: (i) withhold such taxes
from any cash payments owing from Employer to Employee, including any payments
owing under any other provision of the Agreement, (ii) require Employee to pay
to Employer in cash such amount as may be required to satisfy such withholding
or (iii) make other satisfactory arrangements with Employee to satisfy such
withholding obligations.
3. DUTIES, TIME AND EFFORTS. Employee shall serve as Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer of Employer, as such, shall report to the
Board of Directors or any Executive Committee of the Board of Directors of
Employer and his duties shall include generally, but without limitation,
authority and responsibility for the whole overall supervision of the operations
of Employer; and he shall also undertake such other reasonable duties of a
similar managerial nature as the Board of Directors or Executive Committee of
Employer may at any time, or from time to time, direct him to perform. It is
understood that Employee may be required to provide services to other
corporations owned by or, affiliated with Employer, without additional
compensation. Other than providing services to affiliates, Employee shall
devote his full productive time, energies,
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and abilities to the proper and efficient performance of Employer's
business pursuant to the employment hereunder. Employee shall at all times
during the term hereof be furnished with such office, stenographic and other
necessary secretarial assistance, and such other facilities, amenities and
services as are suitable to Employee's position as Chief Executive Officer of
Employer and adequate for the performance of Employee's duties hereunder. Unless
otherwise agreed to by Employee, Employee's offices shall be maintained at the
premises of the principal office of the Employer in Manhattan Beach, California;
provided, however, that in connection with the performance of his duties and
responsibilities, Employee acknowledges that he may be required to undertake
significant business traveling. Employee may not, without the prior express
authorization of Employer's Board of Directors, directly or indirectly, during
the term of this Agreement engage in any activity competitive with Employer's
business or practice, whether acting alone, as a partner, or as an officer,
director or employee of any other corporation, whether professional or
otherwise; provided, however that nothing herein contained shall prevent
Employee from purchasing and/or holding less than five percent (5%) of the
issued and outstanding stock of a publicly-held corporation which competes with
Employer.
4. VACATION. Employee shall be entitled to a paid vacation of four (4)
weeks during each twelve (12) month period of the term of this Agreement. The
date or dates of said vacation shall be determined by Employee and the Board of
Directors of Employer. If for any reason Employee does not take his full four
(4) weeks of vacation as provided above, he may carry over a maximum of one (1)
week into the following year, but if he does not use the carried over vacation
week in that year it shall expire. Therefore, under no circumstances, regardless
of Employee's failure to take vacations, would he be entitled to more than five
(5) weeks vacation during any twelve (12) month period.
5. TERM. The term of employment shall commence upon the date of this
Agreement and terminate on the ______ day of June, 2002 unless sooner terminated
upon the happening of any of the following events:
5.1 Upon Mutual Agreement. Whenever Employer and
Employee shall otherwise mutually agree to termination.
5.2 Death. Death of Employee.
5.3 Disability. Disability of Employee, either physically or
mentally, not arising out of an injury sustained while on Employer's business
extending beyond One Hundred and Fifty (150) consecutive days, or totaling more
than one hundred eighty (180) days in any period of three hundred sixty-five
(365) days (not limited to any calendar or fiscal year). Such determination to
be based upon a certificate as to such physical or mental disability employed by
Employer.
5.4 Termination for Cause After Notice and Failure to Cure.
Employer may at any time during the term of this Agreement, terminate Employee's
employment with Employer for cause ("Cause"), by written notice to Employee by
complying with the notice
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requirements and restrictions in Section 5.8. Cause shall be limited to the
following reasons:
(a) Conviction of Employee for, or Employee
pleads guilty or nolo contendere on, any crime involving a dishonest act or
involving any behavior not expected of a Chief Executive Officer of a public
corporation, which would make the continuance of his employment by Employer
detrimental to Employer.
(b) Knowing and intentional commission of a
material dishonest act by Employee in the scope of his employment, including,
but not limited to theft, embezzlement, falsification of records,
misappropriation of funds or property, or fraud against, or with respect to the
business of, Employer or any affiliate, which would make the continuance of his
employment by Employer detrimental to Employer.
(c) Persistent malfeasance, misfeasance or
non-feasance in connection with the performance of his duties.
(d) Employee commits any act that causes, or
knowingly fails to take reasonable and appropriate action to prevent, any
material injury to the financial condition or business reputation of Employer
or any of its affiliates; however, this shall not apply to (i) any act of
Employer or its affiliates by any other employee thereof except to the extent
that such act is committed at the direction, or with the knowledge, of Employee
or (ii) any action in which Employee acted in good faith and in a manner
reasonably to be in or not opposed to the best interests of Employer, as
determined by Employer's Board of Directors.
(e) Breach of any material provision of this
Agreement.
5.5 Good Reason (by Employee). Employee's employment may be
terminated by Employee at any time for any of the following reasons (each of
which is referred to herein as "Good Reason") by giving the Employer effective
date of such termination (which effective date may be the date of such notice):
(a) Employer commits a breach of any material
term of this Agreement and, if such breach is capable of being cured, fails
to cure such breach within 15 days of receipt of written notice of such
breach; or
(b) Employer removes Employee from the position
of Chief Executive Officer of Employer other than for Cause, or Employer
effects any diminution of the powers, duties or authority of Employee, in each
case, without the prior written consent of the Employee.
5.6 Executive's Rights to Terminate. Employee may, at his
option, terminate his employment hereunder for any reason upon 60 days' prior
written notice to Employer.
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5.7 Without Cause. Employer may, at its option, terminate
Employee's employment without Cause at any time upon written notice to Employee.
5.8 Notice Requirements and Restrictions. Provided however,
and by restriction to the right of Employer set forth in Section 5.4, in the
event Employer contends that Employee is not performing the services required by
this Agreement or that it has Cause to terminate this Agreement pursuant to
Section 5.4 of this Agreement, Employer shall provide Employee with a written
notice specifying in reasonable detail the services or matters in which it
contends Employee has not been adequately performing and why Employer has Cause
to terminate this Agreement, and what Employee should do to adequately perform
his obligations hereunder. If Employee performs the required services within
fifteen (15) days of receipt of the notice or modified his performance to
correct the matters complained of, Employee's breach will be deemed cured and he
shall not be terminated; provided, however, if the nature of the service not
performed by Employee or the matters complained of are such that more than
fifteen (15) days are reasonably required to perform the required service or to
correct the matters complained of, then Employee's breach will be deemed cured
if Employee commences to perform such service or to correct such matters within
said fifteen (15) day period and thereafter diligently prosecutes such
performance or correction to completion. If Employee does not perform the
required services or modify his performance to correct the matters complained of
within said period Employer shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at
the end of said fifteen (15) day period. It is understood that Employee's
performance hereunder will not be deemed unsatisfactory solely on the basis of
any economic performance of Employer, though the Board of Directors of Employer
may consider economic performance as a factor. For purpose of this Agreement,
the "Date of Termination" shall mean the later of the date that any party gives
written notice that it intends to terminate this Agreement pursuant to the terms
hereof, or the date, if any, specified by the terminating party in such notice
as the effective date of termination.
6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE CORPORATION UPON TERMINATION.
6.1 Cause or Voluntary. If Employee's employment shall be
terminated under Sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.4 or 5.6, Employer's obligations to
Employee shall terminate, other than the obligation (i) to pay to Employee his
Salary through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect on the day
preceding the Date of Termination, (ii) any bonus due as of the Date of
Termination, and (iii) to continue to provide Employee with benefits of the type
described in Section 9 through the Date of Termination.
6.2 Without Cause or for Good Reason. If Employer shall
terminate Employee's employment without Cause pursuant to Section 5.7, or if
Employee shall terminate his employment for Good Reason pursuant to Section 5.5,
Employer shall (i) continue, in accordance with Employer's normal payroll
procedures, to pay the Employee his Salary through the Expiration Date of this
Agreement, (ii) continue to pay the Employee his Performance - Based Annual
Bonus pursuant to Section 2.2 through the Expiration Date of this Agreement at
the rate in effect on the day
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preceding the Date of Termination, and (iii) continue to provide the Executive
with benefits of the type described in Section 9 through the Expiration Date of
this Agreement.
6.3 Disability. During any period of total disability, Employee
shall be entitled to his full compensation as provided for hereunder for a
period of three (3) months. Thereafter during such period of total disability,
Employee shall be entitled to compensation for the balance of the term of this
Agreement equal to the Base Salary otherwise payable to the Employee under
Section 2.1 hereof, during such period of total disability, less amounts
received by the Employee under a policy provided pursuant to Section 9.6.
7. EMPLOYER'S AUTHORITY. To the extent that the following is not
inconsistent with the other provisions of this Agreement, Employee agrees to
observe and comply with the rules and regulations of Employer as adopted by
Employer's Board of Directors respecting performance of this duties and to carry
out and perform orders, directions and policies of Employer as they may be, from
time to time, stated to him either orally or in writing.
8. EFFECTIVE DATE. The effective date of this Agreement shall be the
date of execution as indicated above.
9. EXPENSES AND FRINGE BENEFITS.
9.1 Employer and Employee agree that proper discharge of the
duties imposed upon Employee shall require the frequent use of an automobile.
Employer hereby agrees that it shall provide to Employee an automobile, chosen
by the Employee and suitable for use by the Chief Executive Officer of a public
company such as Employer. Such automobile shall be purchased or leased by
Employer and provided to Employee for his exclusive use, or at the option of
Employee, Employee shall purchase or lease an automobile and the cost thereof
shall be reimbursed by Employer. In addition to providing the automobile,
Employer shall pay or reimburse all reasonable expenses incurred by Employee in
connection with the use and operation of the automobile. Further, should
Employee so desire, Employer shall provide a driver for Employee's automobile,
during such hours and at such times as may be reasonable for the proper
performance of Employee's duties as Chief Executive Officer of a public company.
9.2 Employer and Employee agree that it is necessary and
proper for Employee to maintain membership in certain private clubs, civic and
fraternal organizations and other associations and that such membership shall be
in the best interests of Employer and in furtherance of Employee's obligations
hereunder. Employer agrees to pay or reimburse the costs of any such membership
in any such clubs, groups or organizations which Employee shall, in his
discretion, determine to be in the best interests of the Employee. In the event
the cost of any such membership shall exceed One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00)
per month or shall represent the purchase of an equity interest in such club,
group or organization (an "equity membership"), the payment of the cost of such
membership shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Directors. Any
equity
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membership so approved shall be held in the name of Employee during the
term of this Agreement and, upon the termination hereof, Employee shall have the
right tot retain such equity membership for a payment to Employer in an amount
equal to the initial cost thereof.
9.3 Without limiting the generality of the obligations of
Employer pursuant to Sections 9.1 and 9.2 Employer shall also pay or reimburse
all expenses reasonably incurred by Employee in discharge or Employee's duties
hereunder. Such expenses shall include, without limitation, the following:
(a) Education expenses incurred for the purpose of
maintaining or improving Employee's skills;
(b) Expenses for travel, lodging, and related
expenses in connection with conventions or meetings,
attendance at which is necessary or appropriate in connection
with the performance by Employee of his duties required
hereunder;
(c) Expenses for meals, entertainment and similar
items reasonably incurred by Employee in connection with the
business of Employer; and
(d) Such other expenses incurred by Employee
reasonably related to the discharge by Employee of his duties
as set forth herein.
9.4 Employer reserves the right to require, as a condition of
payment or reimbursement for any item pursuant to Section 9.3, Employee to
furnish Employer with reasonable documentation evidencing that the expense has
been incurred and the relationship of such item to the business of Employer or
the duties of Employee.
9.5 Employer shall provide, for the benefit of Employee and
his spouse, standard coverage medical insurance, with additional coverage for
dental expenses.
9.6 Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary,
Employer shall provide the Employee all other Employee fringe benefits which are
generally provided for or made available to the employees of Employer.
10. CONFIDENTIAL DISCLOSURE. Except to the extent that the proper
performance of Employee's duties pursuant to this Agreement may require
disclosure, Employee agrees that he will not for any reason or at any time
during the term of this Agreement disclose, communicate or divulge to, or use
for the direct or indirect benefit of any person, firm or association or company
other than Employer, any secret or confidential information relating to the
customer lists, policies, processes, prospects, products, operations or services
of Employer or any other secret or confidential information relating to Employer
or its affiliates or the products or services and the accounting, marketing,
selling, financing and other business methods and techniques of Employer.
However,
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confidential information shall not include (A) at the time of disclosure to
Employee such information that was in the public domain or later entered the
public domain other than as a result of a breach of an obligation herein; or (B)
subsequent to disclosure to Employee, Employee received such information from a
third party under no obligation to maintain such information in confidence, and
the third party came into possession of such information other than as a result
of a breach of an obligation herein. All documents, materials or articles of
information of any kind furnished to Employee by Employer or developed by
Employee in the course of his employment hereunder are and shall remain the sole
property of Employer; and if Employer requests the return of such information at
any time during, upon or after the termination of Employee's employment
hereunder, Employee shall immediately deliver the same to Employer. Employee
agrees that the remedy at law for any breach of the foregoing may be inadequate,
and that Employer shall be entitled to any type of injunctive relief for any
such breach in addition to any other rights or remedies in law or equity to
which Employer may be entitled.
11. MISCELLANEOUS.
11.1 Assignability of Agreement. The provisions of this
Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective
permitted heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. Employer shall
require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger,
reorganization, consolidation, acquisition of property or stock, liquidation or
otherwise) to all or a significant portion of its assets, by agreement in form
and substance satisfactory to Employee, expressly to assume and agree to perform
this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that Employer would be
required to perform this Agreement if no such succession had taken place. The
obligations of Employee under this Agreement shall be personal and not delegable
by him in any manner whatsoever.
11.2 Notices. Any notice, request, instruction or other
document to be given hereunder by either party hereto to the other shall be in
writing and delivered personally or sent by certified or registered mail,
postage prepaid, and if mailed to any addressed in a state other than the state
of mailing, by air mail, addressed as follows:
(a) If to Employee, to:
Robert Y. Greenberg
228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard
Manhattan Beach, California 90266
(b) If to Employer, to:
Skechers U.S.A., Inc.
228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard
Manhattan Beach, California 90266
Attn: David Weinberg, Chief Financial Officer
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Any notice so given shall be deemed received when delivered personally, or (if
mailed) when dispatched. Any party may change the address to which notices are
to be sent by giving written notice of such change of address to the other party
in the manner herein provided for giving notice.
11.3 Waiver. No waiver of any breach of any warranty,
representation, covenant or other term or provision of this Agreement shall be
deemed to be a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach of the same or any
other warranty, representation, covenant, term or provision. No extension of the
time for performance of any obligation or other act shall be deemed to be an
extension of the time for the performance of any other obligation of any other
act.
11.4 Amendment to Agreement. This Agreement contains the
entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the transactions
contemplated herein, and may not be amended, supplemented or discharged except
by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto. This Agreement
supersedes any and all previous Employment Agreements between the parties which
are hereby revoked.
11.5 Disputes/Attorneys Fees. Should any dispute arise
concerning the terms or the interpretations of this Agreement, and such dispute
results in arbitration and/or litigation then, unless otherwise directed by the
court, the prevailing party shall be entitled to and be awarded reasonable
attorneys' fees and costs in addition to any other relief to which it may be
entitled.
11.6 Time of the Essence. Time is of the essence of each
provision of this Agreement in which time is an element.
11.7 Arbitration. The parties agree if any controversy or
claim shall arise out of this Agreement or the breach hereof and either party
shall request that the matter be settled by arbitration the matter shall be
settled exclusively by arbitration in accordance with the rules then in effect
of the American Arbitration Association in the City of Los Angeles, California,
as the same may be modified by the statutes of California then in effect, by a
single arbitrator, if the parties shall agree upon one, or by one arbitrator
appointee by each party and a third arbitrator appointed by the other
arbitrators. In case of any failure of a party to make an appointment referred
to above within two (2) weeks after written notice of controversy, such
appointment shall be made by the Association. All arbitration proceedings shall
be held in the City of Los Angeles, California, and each party agrees to comply
in all respects with any award made in such proceeding and to the entry of a
judgment in any jurisdiction upon any award rendered in such proceeding. All
costs and expenses of arbitration (including costs of preparation therefor and
reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in connection therewith) of the party
prevailing in such arbitration shall be borne by the losing party to such
arbitration, unless otherwise directed by the arbitrators. Notwithstanding any
provision of this section herein set forth, no party may make a request for
arbitration hereunder with respect to any matter at any time following
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the expiration of thirty days after notice of the filing of a legal action with
respect to such matters in a court of competent jurisdiction.
11.8 Indemnification. Employer agrees to indemnify Employee
for any and all liabilities to which he may be subject as a result of his
service as an officer, director or other corporate agent of Employer, or of any
other enterprise at the request of the Employer, or otherwise as a result of his
employment hereunder, as well as the expense (including, without limitation,
reasonable counsel fees) of any proceeding brought or threatened against
Employee as a result of such service or employment, to the fullest extent
permitted by law. Such counsel fees shall, to the fullest extent permitted by
law, be paid by Employer in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding
upon receipt of an undertaking of Employee satisfactory to counsel for Employer
to repay such fees unless it shall ultimately be determined that he is not
entitled to be indemnified with respect thereto.
11.9 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed
by the parties hereto in two counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be
an original, but all such counterparts shall constitute one and the same
instrument, and all signatures need not appear on any one counterpart
11.10 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall
be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or
unenforceable for any reason, such judgment shall not affect, impair or
invalidate the remainder of this Agreement
11.11 Headings Descriptive. The headings of the several
paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not in
any way affect the meaning or construction of any of this Agreement.
11.12 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in
accordance with and be governed by the laws of the State of California.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed this
Agreement as of the Effective Date.
"EMPLOYER"
Skechers, U.S.A., Inc.
By:
--------------------------------
Name: Michael Greenberg
Title: President
"EMPLOYEE"
---------------------------------
Robert Y. Greenberg
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EXHIBIT 10.4
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of the _____ day of June,
1999 (the "Effective Date"), by and between Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware
corporation, hereinafter referred to as "Employer" and Michael Greenberg
hereinafter referred to as "Employee."
The parties contract with reference to the following facts:
A. Employer desires to employ Employee as its President and Employee
desires to accept employment with Employer in such capacity.
B. The parties are willing to enter into an Agreement providing for
such employment upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. EMPLOYMENT. Employer hereby agrees to employ, and does hereby
employ, Employee and Employee agrees to accept and hereby accepts employment by
Employer, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement.
2. COMPENSATION.
2.1 Salary. Employer shall pay to Employee a gross annual
salary, as determined from time to time by the Board of Directors of Employer,
provided; however, that in no event shall Employee's salary hereunder be at an
annual rate less than Three Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($350,000)
("Salary"). Said Salary to be paid bi-weekly or in accordance with Employer's
regular payroll practices.
2.2 Performance-Based Annual Bonus. For each full year during
Employee's term as set forth in Section 5, commencing on the Effective Date,
Employee shall be eligible to receive a cash bonus based on Employer's
achievement of certain financial goals ("Performance-Based Annual Bonus"). For
calendar year 1999, and until changed by the Board's Compensation Committee, the
annual cash bonus award shall be determined on the basis of Employer's annual
return on average equity ("ROE").
(a) if ROE for the calendar year is between
20.0% and 24.9%, the cash bonus shall be equal to 50% of Employee's annual
salary for the subject calendar year pursuant to Section 2.1;
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(b) if ROE for the calendar year is at least
equal to or greater than 25.0%, the cash bonus shall be equal to 100% of
Employee's annual salary for the subject calendar year pursuant to Section 2.1;
and
(c) The Performance-Based Annual Bonus payable
for any calendar year shall be paid to Employee no later than the 15th day of
April of the following year. Nothing herein shall preclude Employee from
participating in any equity or equity-based compensation program of Employer and
the bonus program set forth in this Section 2.2 herein may be replaced with a
different program approved by the Board's Compensation Committee and agreed with
by Employee.
2.3 Tax Withholding. Employer shall provide for the
withholding of any taxes required to be withheld by Federal, state and local law
with respect to any payment in cash, shares of capital stock or other property
made by or on behalf of Employer to or for the benefit of Employee under this
Agreement or otherwise. Employer may, at its option: (i) withhold such taxes
from any cash payments owing from Employer to Employee, including any payments
owing under any other provision of the Agreement, (ii) require Employee to pay
to Employer in cash such amount as may be required to satisfy such withholding
or (iii) make other satisfactory arrangements with Employee to satisfy such
withholding obligations.
3. DUTIES, TIME AND EFFORTS. Employee shall serve as President of
Employer, as such, shall report to the Board of Directors or any Executive
Committee of
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the Board of Directors of Employer and his duties shall include generally, but
without limitation, all powers and duties consistent with such position subject
to the direction of the Board of Directors or any Executive Committee; and he
shall also undertake such other reasonable duties of a similar managerial nature
as the Board of Directors or Executive Committee of Employer may at any time, or
from time to time, direct him to perform. It is understood that Employee may be
required to provide services to other corporations owned by or, affiliated with
Employer, without additional compensation. Other than providing services to
affiliates, Employee shall devote his full productive time, energies, and
abilities to the proper and efficient performance of Employer's business
pursuant to the employment hereunder. Employee shall at all times during the
term hereof be furnished with such office, stenographic and other necessary
secretarial assistance, and such other facilities, amenities and services as are
suitable to Employee's position as President of Employer and adequate for the
performance of Employee's duties hereunder. Unless otherwise agreed to by
Employee, Employee's offices shall be maintained at the premises of the
principal office of the Employer in Manhattan Beach, California; provided,
however, that in connection with the performance of his duties and
responsibilities, Employee acknowledges that he may be required to undertake
significant business traveling. Employee may not, without the prior express
authorization of Employer's Board of Directors, directly or indirectly, during
the term of this Agreement engage in any activity competitive with Employer's
business or practice, whether acting alone, as a partner, or as an officer,
director or employee of any other corporation, whether professional or
otherwise; provided, however that nothing herein contained shall prevent
Employee from purchasing and/or holding less than five percent (5%) of the
issued and outstanding stock of a publicly-held corporation which competes with
Employer.
4. VACATION. Employee shall be entitled to a paid vacation of four (4)
weeks during each twelve (12) month period of the term of this Agreement. The
date or dates of said vacation shall be determined by Employee and the Board of
Directors of Employer. If for any reason Employee does not take his full four
(4) weeks of vacation as provided above, he may carry over a maximum of one (1)
week into the following year, but if he does not use the carried over vacation
week in that year it shall expire. Therefore, under no circumstances, regardless
of Employee's failure to take vacations, would he be entitled to more than five
(5) weeks vacation during any twelve (12) month period.
5. TERM. The term of employment shall commence upon the date of this
Agreement and terminate on the [____] day of June 2002 unless sooner terminated
upon the happening of any of the following events:
5.1 Upon Mutual Agreement. Whenever Employer and
Employee shall otherwise mutually agree to termination.
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5.2 Death. Death of Employee.
5.3 Disability. Disability of Employee, either physically or
mentally, not arising out of an injury sustained while on Employer's business
extending beyond One Hundred and Fifty (150) consecutive days, or totaling more
than one hundred eighty (180) days in any period of three hundred sixty-five
(365) days (not limited to any calendar or fiscal year). Such determination to
be based upon a certificate as to such physical or mental disability employed by
Employer.
5.4 Termination for Cause After Notice and Failure to Cure.
Employer may at any time during the term of this Agreement, terminate Employee's
employment with Employer for cause ("Cause"), by written notice to Employee by
complying with the notice requirements and restrictions in Section 5.8. Cause
shall be limited to the following reasons:
(a) Conviction of Employee for, or Employee
pleads guilty or nolo contendere on, any crime involving a dishonest act or
involving any behavior not expected of a President of a public corporation,
which would make the continuance of his employment by Employer detrimental to
Employer.
(b) Knowing and intentional commission of a
material dishonest act by Employee in the scope of his employment, including,
but not limited to theft, embezzlement, falsification of records,
misappropriation of funds or property, or fraud against, or with respect to the
business of, Employer or any affiliate, which would make the continuance of his
employment by Employer detrimental to Employer.
(c) Persistent malfeasance, misfeasance or
non-feasance in connection with the performance of his duties.
(d) Employee commits any act that causes, or
knowingly fails to take reasonable and appropriate action to prevent, any
material injury to the financial condition or business reputation of Employer or
any of its affiliates; however, this shall not apply to (i) any act of Employer
or its affiliates by any other employee thereof except to the extent that such
act is committed at the direction, or with the knowledge, of Employee or (ii)
any action in which Employee acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably to
be in or not opposed to the best interests of Employer, as determined by
Employer's Board of Directors.
(e) Breach of any material provision of this
Agreement.
5.5 Good Reason (by Employee). Employee's employment
may be
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terminated by Employee at any time for any of the following reasons (each of
which is referred to herein as "Good Reason") by giving the Employer effective
date of such termination (which effective date may be the date of such notice):
(a) Employer commits a breach of any material
term of this Agreement and, if such breach is capable of being cured, fails to
cure such breach within 15 days of receipt of written notice of such breach; or
(b) Employer removes Employee from the position
of President of Employer other than for Cause, or Employer effects any
diminution of the powers, duties or authority of Employee, in each case, without
the prior written consent of the Employee.
5.6 Executive's Rights to Terminate. Employee may, at his
option, terminate his employment hereunder for any reason upon 60 days' prior
written notice to Employer.
5.7 Without Cause. Employer may, at its option, terminate
Employee's employment without Cause at any time upon written notice to Employee.
5.8 Notice Requirements and Restrictions. Provided however,
and by restriction to the right of Employer set forth in Section 5.4, in the
event Employer contends that Employee is not performing the services required by
this Agreement or that it has Cause to terminate this Agreement pursuant to
Section 5.4 of this Agreement, Employer shall provide Employee with a written
notice specifying in reasonable detail the services or matters in which it
contends Employee has not been adequately performing and why Employer has Cause
to terminate this Agreement, and what Employee should do to adequately perform
his obligations hereunder. If Employee performs the required services within
fifteen (15) days of receipt of the notice or modified his performance to
correct the matters complained of, Employee's breach will be deemed cured and he
shall not be terminated; provided, however, if the nature of the service not
performed by Employee or the matters complained of are such that more than
fifteen (15) days are reasonably required to perform the required service or to
correct the matters complained of, then Employee's breach will be deemed cured
if Employee commences to perform such service or to correct such matters within
said fifteen (15) day period and thereafter diligently prosecutes such
performance or correction to completion. If Employee does not perform the
required services or modify his performance to correct the matters complained of
within said period Employer shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at
the end of said fifteen (15) day period. It is understood that Employee's
performance hereunder will not be deemed unsatisfactory solely on the basis of
any economic performance of Employer, though the Board of Directors of Employer
may consider economic performance as a factor. For purpose of this Agreement,
the "Date of Termination" shall mean the later of
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the date that any party gives written notice that it intends to terminate this
Agreement pursuant to the terms hereof, or the date, if any, specified by the
terminating party in such notice as the effective date of termination.
6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE CORPORATION UPON TERMINATION.
6.1 Cause or Voluntary. If Employee's employment shall be
terminated under Sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.4, or 5.6, Employer's obligations to
Employee shall terminate, other than the obligation (i) to pay to Employee his
Salary through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect on the day
preceding the Date of Termination, (ii) any bonus due as of the Date of
Termination, and (iii) to continue to provide Employee with benefits of the type
described in Section 9 through the Date of Termination.
6.2 Without Cause or for Good Reason. If Employer shall
terminate Employee's employment without Cause pursuant to Section 5.7, or if
Employee shall terminate his employment for Good Reason pursuant to Section 5.5,
Employer shall (i) continue, in accordance with Employer's normal payroll
procedures, to pay the Employee his Salary through the Expiration Date of this
Agreement, (ii) continue to pay the Employee his Performance - Based Annual
Bonus pursuant to Section 2.2 through the Expiration Date of this Agreement at
the rate in effect on the day preceding the Date of Termination, and (iii)
continue to provide the Executive with benefits of the type described in Section
9 through the Expiration Date of this Agreement.
6.3 Disability. During any period of total disability,
Employee shall be entitled to his full compensation as provided for hereunder
for a period of three (3) months. Thereafter during such period of total
disability, Employee shall be entitled to compensation for the balance of the
term of this Agreement equal to the Base Salary otherwise payable to the
Employee under Section 2.1 hereof, during such period of total disability, less
amounts received by the Employee under a policy provided pursuant to Section
9.4.
7. EMPLOYER'S AUTHORITY. To the extent that the following is not
inconsistent with the other provisions of this Agreement, Employee agrees to
observe and comply with the rules and regulations of Employer as adopted by
Employer's Board of Directors respecting performance of this duties and to carry
out and perform orders, directions and policies of Employer as they may be, from
time to time, stated to him either orally or in writing.
8. EFFECTIVE DATE. The effective date of this Agreement shall be the
date of execution as indicated above.
9. EXPENSES AND FRINGE BENEFITS.
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9.1 Employer shall also pay or reimburse all expenses
reasonably incurred by Employee in discharge or Employee's duties hereunder.
Such expenses shall include, without limitation, the following:
(a) Automobile lease expenses of Employee;
(b) Education expenses incurred for the purpose
of maintaining or improving Employee's skills;
(c) Expenses for travel, lodging, and related
expenses in connection with conventions or meetings, attendance at which is
necessary or appropriate in connection with the performance by Employee of his
duties required hereunder;
(d) Expenses for meals, entertainment and similar
items reasonably incurred by Employee in connection with the business of
Employer; and
(e) Such other expenses incurred by the Employee
reasonably related to the discharge by Employee of his duties as set forth
herein.
9.2 Employer reserves the right to require, as a condition of
payment or reimbursement for any item pursuant to Section 9.1, Employee to
furnish Employer with reasonable documentation evidencing that the expense has
been incurred and the relationship of such item to the business of Employer or
the duties of Employee.
9.3 Employer shall provide, for the benefit of Employee and
his spouse, standard coverage medical insurance, with additional coverage for
dental expenses.
9.4 Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary,
Employer shall provide the Employee all other Employee fringe benefits which are
generally provided for or made available to the employees of Employer.
10. CONFIDENTIAL DISCLOSURE. Except to the extent that the proper
performance of Employee's duties pursuant to this Agreement may require
disclosure, Employee agrees that he will not for any reason or at any time
during the term of this Agreement disclose, communicate or divulge to, or use
for the direct or indirect benefit of any person, firm or association or company
other than Employer, any secret or confidential information relating to the
customer lists, policies, processes, prospects, products, operations or services
of Employer or any other secret or confidential information relating to Employer
or its affiliates or the products or services and the accounting, marketing,
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selling, financing and other business methods and techniques of Employer.
However, confidential information shall not include (A) at the time of
disclosure to Employee such information that was in the public domain or later
entered the public domain other than as a result of a breach of an obligation
herein; or (B) subsequent to disclosure to Employee, Employee received such
information from a third party under no obligation to maintain such information
in confidence, and the third party came into possession of such information
other than as a result of a breach of an obligation herein. All documents,
materials or articles of information of any kind furnished to Employee by
Employer or developed by Employee in the course of his employment hereunder are
and shall remain the sole property of Employer; and if Employer requests the
return of such information at any time during, upon or after the termination of
Employee's employment hereunder, Employee shall immediately deliver the same to
Employer. Employee agrees that the remedy at law for any breach of the foregoing
may be inadequate, and that Employer shall be entitled to any type of injunctive
relief for any such breach in addition to any other rights or remedies in law or
equity to which Employer may be entitled.
11. MISCELLANEOUS.
11.1 Assignability of Agreement. The provisions of this
Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective
permitted heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. Employer shall
require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger,
reorganization, consolidation, acquisition of property or stock, liquidation or
otherwise) to all or a significant portion of its assets, by agreement in form
and substance satisfactory to Employee, expressly to assume and agree to perform
this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that Employer would be
required to perform this Agreement if no such succession had taken place. The
obligations of Employee under this Agreement shall be personal and not delegable
by him in any manner whatsoever.
11.2 Notices. Any notice, request, instruction or other
document to be given hereunder by either party hereto to the other shall be in
writing and delivered personally or sent by certified or registered mail,
postage prepaid, and if mailed to any addressed in a state other than the state
of mailing, by air mail, addressed as follows:
(a) If to Employee, to:
Michael Greenberg
228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard
Manhattan Beach, California 90266
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(b) If to Employer, to:
Skechers U.S.A., Inc.
228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard
Manhattan Beach, California 90266
Attn: David Weinberg, Chief
Financial Officer
Any notice so given shall be deemed received when delivered personally, or (if
mailed) when dispatched. Any party may change the address to which notices are
to be sent by giving written notice of such change of address to the other party
in the manner herein provided for giving notice.
11.3 Waiver. No waiver of any breach of any warranty,
representation, covenant or other term or provision of this Agreement shall be
deemed to be a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach of the same or any
other warranty, representation, covenant, term or provision. No extension of the
time for performance of any obligation or other act shall be deemed to be an
extension of the time for the performance of any other obligation of any other
act.
11.4 Amendment to Agreement. This Agreement contains the
entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the transactions
contemplated herein, and may not be amended, supplemented or discharged except
by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto. This Agreement
supersedes any and all previous Employment Agreements between the parties which
are hereby revoked.
11.5 Disputes/Attorneys Fees. Should any dispute arise
concerning the terms or the interpretations of this Agreement, and such dispute
results in arbitration and/or litigation then, unless otherwise directed by the
court, the prevailing party shall be entitled to and be awarded reasonable
attorneys' fees and costs in addition to any other relief to which it may be
entitled.
11.6 Time of the Essence. Time is of the essence of each
provision of this Agreement in which time is an element.
11.7 Arbitration. The parties agree if any controversy or
claim shall arise out of this Agreement or the breach hereof and either party
shall request that the matter be settled by arbitration the matter shall be
settled exclusively by arbitration in accordance with the rules then in effect
of the American Arbitration Association in the City of Los Angeles, California,
as the same may be modified by the statutes of California then in effect, by a
single arbitrator, if the parties shall agree upon one, or by one arbitrator
appointee by each party and a third arbitrator appointed by the other
arbitrators. In case of any failure of a party to make an appointment referred
to above within two (2) weeks
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after written notice of controversy, such appointment shall be made by the
Association. All arbitration proceedings shall be held in the City of Los
Angeles, California, and each party agrees to comply in all respects with any
award made in such proceeding and to the entry of a judgment in any jurisdiction
upon any award rendered in such proceeding. All costs and expenses of
arbitration (including costs of preparation therefor and reasonable attorneys'
fees incurred in connection therewith) of the party prevailing in such
arbitration shall be borne by the losing party to such arbitration, unless
otherwise directed by the arbitrators. Notwithstanding any provision of this
section herein set forth, no party may make a request for arbitration hereunder
with respect to any matter at any time following the expiration of thirty days
after notice of the filing of a legal action with respect to such matters in a
court of competent jurisdiction.
11.8 Indemnification. Employer agrees to indemnify Employee
for any and all liabilities to which he may be subject as a result of his
service as an officer, director or other corporate agent of Employer, or of any
other enterprise at the request of the Employer, or otherwise as a result of his
employment hereunder, as well as the expense (including, without limitation,
reasonable counsel fees) of any proceeding brought or threatened against
Employee as a result of such service or employment, to the fullest extent
permitted by law. Such counsel fees shall, to the fullest extent permitted by
law, be paid by Employer in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding
upon receipt of an undertaking of Employee satisfactory to counsel for Employer
to repay such fees unless it shall ultimately be determined that he is not
entitled to be indemnified with respect thereto.
11.9 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed
by the parties hereto in two counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be
an original, but all such counterparts shall constitute one and the same
instrument, and all signatures need not appear on any one counterpart
11.10 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall
be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or
unenforceable for any reason, such judgment shall not affect, impair or
invalidate the remainder of this Agreement
11.11 Headings Descriptive. The headings of the several
paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not in
any way affect the meaning or construction of any of this Agreement.
11.12 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in
accordance with and be governed by the laws of the State of California.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed this
Agreement as of the Effective Date.
"EMPLOYER"
Skechers, U.S.A., Inc.
By:__________________________________________
Name: David Weinberg
Title: Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer
"EMPLOYEE"
_____________________________________________
Michael Greenberg
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EXHIBIT 10.5
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of the _____ day of June,
1999 (the "Effective Date") by and between Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware
corporation, hereinafter referred to as "Employer" and David Weinberg
hereinafter referred to as "Employee."
The parties contract with reference to the following facts:
A. Employer desires to employ Employee as its Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer and Employee desires to accept employment with
Employer in such capacity.
B. The parties are willing to enter into an Agreement providing for
such employment upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. EMPLOYMENT. Employer hereby agrees to employ, and does hereby
employ, Employee and Employee agrees to accept and hereby accepts employment by
Employer, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement.
2. COMPENSATION.
2.1 Salary. Employer shall pay to Employee a gross annual
salary, as determined from time to time by the Board of Directors of Employer,
provided; however, that in no event shall Employee's salary hereunder be at an
annual rate less than Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000) ("Salary").
Said Salary to be paid bi-weekly or in accordance with Employer's regular
payroll practices.
2.2 Performance-Based Annual Bonus. For each full year during
Employee's term as set forth in Section 5, commencing on the Effective Date,
Employee shall be eligible to receive a cash bonus based on Employer's
achievement of certain financial goals ("Performance-Based Annual Bonus"). For
calendar year 1999, and until changed by the Board's Compensation Committee, the
annual cash bonus award shall be determined on the basis of Employer's annual
return on average equity ("ROE").
(a) if ROE for the calendar year is between
20.0% and 24.9%, the cash bonus shall be equal to 50% of Employee's annual
salary for the subject calendar year pursuant to Section 2.1;
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(b) if ROE for the calendar year is at least
equal to or greater than 25.0%, the cash bonus shall be equal to 100% of
Employee's annual salary for the subject calendar year pursuant to
Section 2.1; and
(c) The Performance-Based Annual Bonus payable
for any calendar year shall be paid to Employee no later than the 15th day of
April of the following year. Nothing herein shall preclude Employee from
participating in any equity or equity-based compensation program of Employer and
the bonus program set forth in this Section 2.2 herein may be replaced with a
different program approved by the Board's Compensation Committee and agreed with
by Employee.
2.3 Tax Withholding. Employer shall provide for the
withholding of any taxes required to be withheld by Federal, state and local law
with respect to any payment in cash, shares of capital stock or other property
made by or on behalf of Employer to or for the benefit of Employee under this
Agreement or otherwise. Employer may, at its option: (i) withhold such taxes
from any cash payments owing from Employer to Employee, including any payments
owing under any other provision of the Agreement, (ii) require Employee to pay
to Employer in cash such amount as may be required to satisfy such withholding
or (iii) make other satisfactory arrangements with Employee to satisfy such
withholding obligations.
3. DUTIES, TIME AND EFFORTS. Employee shall serve as Executive Vice
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Employer, as such, shall
report to
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the Board of Directors or any Executive Committee of the Board of Directors of
Employer and his duties shall include generally, but without limitation, all
powers and duties consistent with such positions subject to the direction of the
Board of Directors or any Executive Committee; and he shall also undertake such
other reasonable duties of a similar managerial nature as the Board of Directors
or Executive Committee of Employer may at any time, or from time to time, direct
him to perform. It is understood that Employee may be required to provide
services to other corporations owned by or, affiliated with Employer, without
additional compensation. Other than providing services to affiliates, Employee
shall devote his full productive time, energies, and abilities to the proper and
efficient performance of Employer's business pursuant to the employment
hereunder. Employee shall at all times during the term hereof be furnished with
such office, stenographic and other necessary secretarial assistance, and such
other facilities, amenities and services as are suitable to Employee's position
as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Employer and adequate
for the performance of Employee's duties hereunder. Unless otherwise agreed to
by Employee, Employee's offices shall be maintained at the premises of the
principal office of the Employer in Manhattan Beach, California; provided,
however, that in connection with the performance of his duties and
responsibilities, Employee acknowledges that he may be required to undertake
significant business traveling. Employee may not, without the prior express
authorization of Employer's Board of Directors, directly or indirectly, during
the term of this Agreement engage in any activity competitive with Employer's
business or practice, whether acting alone, as a partner, or as an officer,
director or employee of any other corporation, whether professional or
otherwise; provided, however that nothing herein contained shall prevent
Employee from purchasing and/or holding less than five percent (5%) of the
issued and outstanding stock of a publicly-held corporation which competes with
Employer.
4. VACATION. Employee shall be entitled to a paid vacation of four (4)
weeks during each twelve (12) month period of the term of this Agreement. The
date or dates of said vacation shall be determined by Employee and the Board of
Directors of Employer. If for any reason Employee does not take his full four
(4) weeks of vacation as provided above, he may carry over a maximum of one (1)
week into the following year, but if he does not use the carried over vacation
week in that year it shall expire. Therefore, under no circumstances, regardless
of Employee's failure to take vacations, would he be entitled to more than five
(5) weeks vacation during any twelve (12) month period.
5. TERM. The term of employment shall commence upon the date of this
Agreement and terminate on the [___] day of June, 2002 unless sooner terminated
upon the happening of any of the following events:
5.1 Upon Mutual Agreement. Whenever Employer and Employee
shall otherwise mutually agree to termination.
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5.2 Death. Death of Employee.
5.3 Disability. Disability of Employee, either physically or
mentally, not arising out of an injury sustained while on Employer's business
extending beyond One Hundred and Fifty (150) consecutive days, or totaling more
than one hundred eighty (180) days in any period of three hundred sixty-five
(365) days (not limited to any calendar or fiscal year). Such determination to
be based upon a certificate as to such physical or mental disability employed by
Employer.
5.4 Termination for Cause After Notice and Failure to Cure.
Employer may at any time during the term of this Agreement, terminate Employee's
employment with Employer for cause ("Cause"), by written notice to Employee by
complying with the notice requirements and restrictions in Section 5.8. Cause
shall be limited to the following reasons:
(a) Conviction of Employee for, or Employee
pleads guilty or nolo contendere on, any crime involving a dishonest act or
involving any behavior not expected of an Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer of a public corporation, which would make the continuance of
his employment by Employer detrimental to Employer.
(b) Knowing and intentional commission of a
material dishonest act by Employee in the scope of his employment, including,
but not limited to theft, embezzlement, falsification of records,
misappropriation of funds or property, or fraud against, or with respect to the
business of, Employer or any affiliate, which would make the continuance of his
employment by Employer detrimental to Employer.
(c) Persistent malfeasance, misfeasance or
non-feasance in connection with the performance of his duties.
(d) Employee commits any act that causes, or
knowingly fails to take reasonable and appropriate action to prevent, any
material injury to the financial condition or business reputation of Employer or
any of its affiliates; however, this shall not apply to (i) any act of Employer
or its affiliates by any other employee thereof except to the extent that such
act is committed at the direction, or with the knowledge, of Employee or (ii)
any action in which Employee acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably to
be in or not opposed to the best interests of Employer, as determined by
Employer's Board of Directors.
(e) Breach of any material provision of this
Agreement.
5.5 Good Reason (by Employee). Employee's employment may be
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terminated by Employee at any time for any of the following reasons (each of
which is referred to herein as "Good Reason") by giving the Employer effective
date of such termination (which effective date may be the date of such notice):
(a) Employer commits a breach of any material
term of this Agreement and, if such breach is capable of being cured, fails to
cure such breach within 15 days of receipt of written notice of such breach; or
(b) Employer removes Employee from the position
of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Employer other than
for Cause, or Employer effects any diminution of the powers, duties or authority
of Employee, in each case, without the prior written consent of the Employee.
5.6 Executive's Rights to Terminate. Employee may, at his
option, terminate his employment hereunder for any reason upon 60 days' prior
written notice to Employer.
5.7 Without Cause. Employer may, at its option, terminate
Employee's employment without Cause at any time upon written notice to Employee.
5.8 Notice Requirements and Restrictions. Provided however,
and by restriction to the right of Employer set forth in Section 5.4, in the
event Employer contends that Employee is not performing the services required by
this Agreement or that it has Cause to terminate this Agreement pursuant to
Section 5.4 of this Agreement, Employer shall provide Employee with a written
notice specifying in reasonable detail the services or matters in which it
contends Employee has not been adequately performing and why Employer has Cause
to terminate this Agreement, and what Employee should do to adequately perform
his obligations hereunder. If Employee performs the required services within
fifteen (15) days of receipt of the notice or modified his performance to
correct the matters complained of, Employee's breach will be deemed cured and he
shall not be terminated; provided, however, if the nature of the service not
performed by Employee or the matters complained of are such that more than
fifteen (15) days are reasonably required to perform the required service or to
correct the matters complained of, then Employee's breach will be deemed cured
if Employee commences to perform such service or to correct such matters within
said fifteen (15) day period and thereafter diligently prosecutes such
performance or correction to completion. If Employee does not perform the
required services or modify his performance to correct the matters complained of
within said period Employer shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at
the end of said fifteen (15) day period. It is understood that Employee's
performance hereunder will not be deemed unsatisfactory solely on the basis of
any economic performance of Employer, though the Board of Directors of Employer
may consider economic performance as a
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factor. For purpose of this Agreement, the "Date of Termination" shall mean the
later of the date that any party gives written notice that it intends to
terminate this Agreement pursuant to the terms hereof, or the date, if any,
specified by the terminating party in such notice as the effective date of
termination.
6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE CORPORATION UPON TERMINATION.
6.1 Cause or Voluntary. If Employee's employment shall be
terminated under Sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.4 or 5.6, Employer's obligations to
Employee shall terminate, other than the obligation (i) to pay to Employee his
Salary through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect on the day
preceding the Date of Termination, (ii) any bonus due as of the Date of
Termination, and (iii) to continue to provide Employee with benefits of the type
described in Section 9 through the Date of Termination.
6.2 Without Cause or for Good Reason. If Employer shall
terminate Employee's employment without Cause pursuant to Section 5.7, or if
Employee shall terminate his employment for Good Reason pursuant to Section 5.5,
Employer shall (i) continue, in accordance with Employer's normal payroll
procedures, to pay the Employee his Salary through the Expiration Date of this
Agreement, (ii) continue to pay the Employee his Performance - Based Annual
Bonus pursuant to Section 2.2 through the Expiration Date of this Agreement at
the rate in effect on the day preceding the Date of Termination, and (iii)
continue to provide the Executive with benefits of the type described in Section
9 through the Expiration Date of this Agreement.
6.3 Disability. During any period of total disability,
Employee shall be entitled to his full compensation as provided for hereunder
for a period of three (3) months. Thereafter during such period of total
disability, Employee shall be entitled to compensation for the balance of the
term of this Agreement equal to the Base Salary otherwise payable to the
Employee under Section 2.1 hereof, during such period of total disability, less
amounts received by the Employee under a policy provided pursuant to Section
9.4.
7. EMPLOYER'S AUTHORITY. To the extent that the following is not
inconsistent with the other provisions of this Agreement, Employee agrees to
observe and comply with the rules and regulations of Employer as adopted by
Employer's Board of Directors respecting performance of this duties and to carry
out and perform orders, directions and policies of Employer as they may be, from
time to time, stated to him either orally or in writing.
8. EFFECTIVE DATE. The effective date of this Agreement shall be the
date of execution as indicated above.
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9. EXPENSES AND FRINGE BENEFITS.
9.1 Employer shall also pay or reimburse all expenses
reasonably incurred by Employee in discharge or Employee's duties hereunder.
Such expenses shall include, without limitation, the following:
(a) Automobile lease expenses of Employee;
(b) Education expenses incurred for the purpose
of maintaining or improving Employee's skills;
(c) Expenses for travel, lodging, and related
expenses in connection with conventions or meetings, attendance at which is
necessary or appropriate in connection with the performance by Employee of his
duties required hereunder;
(d) Expenses for meals, entertainment and
similar items reasonably incurred by Employee in connection with the business of
Employer; and
(e) Such other expenses incurred by the Employee
reasonably related to the discharge by Employee of his duties as set forth
herein.
9.2 Employer reserves the right to require, as a condition of
payment or reimbursement for any item pursuant to Section 9.1, Employee to
furnish Employer with reasonable documentation evidencing that the expense has
been incurred and the relationship of such item to the business of Employer or
the duties of Employee.
9.3 Employer shall provide, for the benefit of Employee and
his spouse, standard coverage medical insurance, with additional coverage for
dental expenses.
9.4 Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary,
Employer shall provide the Employee all other Employee fringe benefits which are
generally provided for or made available to the employees of Employer.
10. CONFIDENTIAL DISCLOSURE. Except to the extent that the proper
performance of Employee's duties pursuant to this Agreement may require
disclosure, Employee agrees that he will not for any reason or at any time
during the term of this Agreement disclose, communicate or divulge to, or use
for the direct or indirect benefit of any person, firm or association or company
other than Employer, any secret or confidential information relating to the
customer lists, policies, processes, prospects, products,
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operations or services of Employer or any other secret or confidential
information relating to Employer or its affiliates or the products or services
and the accounting, marketing, selling, financing and other business methods and
techniques of Employer. However, confidential information shall not include (A)
at the time of disclosure to Employee such information that was in the public
domain or later entered the public domain other than as a result of a breach of
an obligation herein; or (B) subsequent to disclosure to Employee, Employee
received such information from a third party under no obligation to maintain
such information in confidence, and the third party came into possession of such
information other than as a result of a breach of an obligation herein. All
documents, materials or articles of information of any kind furnished to
Employee by Employer or developed by Employee in the course of his employment
hereunder are and shall remain the sole property of Employer; and if Employer
requests the return of such information at any time during, upon or after the
termination of Employee's employment hereunder, Employee shall immediately
deliver the same to Employer. Employee agrees that the remedy at law for any
breach of the foregoing may be inadequate, and that Employer shall be entitled
to any type of injunctive relief for any such breach in addition to any other
rights or remedies in law or equity to which Employer may be entitled.
11. MISCELLANEOUS.
11.1 Assignability of Agreement. The provisions of this
Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective
permitted heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. Employer shall
require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger,
reorganization, consolidation, acquisition of property or stock, liquidation or
otherwise) to all or a significant portion of its assets, by agreement in form
and substance satisfactory to Employee, expressly to assume and agree to perform
this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that Employer would be
required to perform this Agreement if no such succession had taken place. The
obligations of Employee under this Agreement shall be personal and not delegable
by him in any manner whatsoever.
11.2 Notices. Any notice, request, instruction or other
document to be given hereunder by either party hereto to the other shall be in
writing and delivered personally or sent by certified or registered mail,
postage prepaid, and if mailed to any addressed in a state other than the state
of mailing, by air mail, addressed as follows:
(a) If to Employee, to:
David Weinberg
228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard
Manhattan Beach, California 90266
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<PAGE> 9
(b) If to Employer, to:
Skechers U.S.A., Inc.
228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard
Manhattan Beach, California 90266
Attn: Michael Greenberg, President
Any notice so given shall be deemed received when delivered personally, or (if
mailed) when dispatched. Any party may change the address to which notices are
to be sent by giving written notice of such change of address to the other party
in the manner herein provided for giving notice.
11.3 Waiver. No waiver of any breach of any warranty,
representation, covenant or other term or provision of this Agreement shall be
deemed to be a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach of the same or any
other warranty, representation, covenant, term or provision. No extension of the
time for performance of any obligation or other act shall be deemed to be an
extension of the time for the performance of any other obligation of any other
act.
11.4 Amendment to Agreement. This Agreement contains the
entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the transactions
contemplated herein, and may not be amended, supplemented or discharged except
by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto. This Agreement
supersedes any and all previous Employment Agreements between the parties which
are hereby revoked.
11.5 Disputes/Attorneys Fees. Should any dispute arise
concerning the terms or the interpretations of this Agreement, and such dispute
results in arbitration and/or litigation then, unless otherwise directed by the
court, the prevailing party shall be entitled to and be awarded reasonable
attorneys' fees and costs in addition to any other relief to which it may be
entitled.
11.6 Time of the Essence. Time is of the essence of each
provision of this Agreement in which time is an element.
11.7 Arbitration. The parties agree if any controversy or
claim shall arise out of this Agreement or the breach hereof and either party
shall request that the matter be settled by arbitration the matter shall be
settled exclusively by arbitration in accordance with the rules then in effect
of the American Arbitration Association in the City of Los Angeles, California,
as the same may be modified by the statutes of California then in effect, by a
single arbitrator, if the parties shall agree upon one, or by one arbitrator
appointee by each party and a third arbitrator appointed by the other
arbitrators. In case of any failure of a party to make an appointment referred
to above within two (2) weeks
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after written notice of controversy, such appointment shall be made by the
Association. All arbitration proceedings shall be held in the City of Los
Angeles, California, and each party agrees to comply in all respects with any
award made in such proceeding and to the entry of a judgment in any jurisdiction
upon any award rendered in such proceeding. All costs and expenses of
arbitration (including costs of preparation therefor and reasonable attorneys'
fees incurred in connection therewith) of the party prevailing in such
arbitration shall be borne by the losing party to such arbitration, unless
otherwise directed by the arbitrators. Notwithstanding any provision of this
section herein set forth, no party may make a request for arbitration hereunder
with respect to any matter at any time following the expiration of thirty days
after notice of the filing of a legal action with respect to such matters in a
court of competent jurisdiction.
11.8 Indemnification. Employer agrees to indemnify Employee
for any and all liabilities to which he may be subject as a result of his
service as an officer, director or other corporate agent of Employer, or of any
other enterprise at the request of the Employer, or otherwise as a result of his
employment hereunder, as well as the expense (including, without limitation,
reasonable counsel fees) of any proceeding brought or threatened against
Employee as a result of such service or employment, to the fullest extent
permitted by law. Such counsel fees shall, to the fullest extent permitted by
law, be paid by Employer in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding
upon receipt of an undertaking of Employee satisfactory to counsel for Employer
to repay such fees unless it shall ultimately be determined that he is not
entitled to be indemnified with respect thereto.
11.9 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed
by the parties hereto in two counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be
an original, but all such counterparts shall constitute one and the same
instrument, and all signatures need not appear on any one counterpart
11.10 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall
be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or
unenforceable for any reason, such judgment shall not affect, impair or
invalidate the remainder of this Agreement
11.11 Headings Descriptive. The headings of the several
paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not in
any way affect the meaning or construction of any of this Agreement.
11.12 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in
accordance with and be governed by the laws of the State of California.
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<PAGE> 11
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed this
Agreement as of the Effective Date.
"EMPLOYER"
Skechers, U.S.A., Inc.
By: ______________________________
Name: Michael Greenberg
Title: President
"EMPLOYEE"
__________________________________
David Weinberg
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<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT ________
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
__________, 1999
<PAGE> 2
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
THIS REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT is made as of the ____ day of
________, 1999 by and among Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), the Greenberg Family Trust and Michael Greenberg, each of which is
herein referred to as an "Investor."
WHEREAS, the Holders (as defined below) hold shares of the Company's
Class B Common Stock, $0.001 par value (the "Class B Common Stock") which is
convertible at any time at the Holder's option into shares of the Company's
Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value (the "Class A Common Stock" and together
with the Class B Common Stock, the "Common Stock") on a share-for-share basis;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants
set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Registration Rights. The Company covenants and agrees as
follows:
1.1 Definitions. For purposes of this Section 1:
(a) The term "register," "registered," and "registration" refer to a
registration effected by preparing and filing a registration statement or
similar document in compliance with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Act"), and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such registration
statement or document.
(b) The term "Registrable Securities" means the Class A Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of the shares of Class B Common Stock owned by each of
the Holders as of the effective date of the Company's initial public offering
and any Common Stock of the Company issued as (or issuable upon the conversion
or exercise of any warrant, right or other security which is issued as) a
dividend or other distribution with respect to, or in exchange for or in
replacement of, such Common Stock, excluding in all cases, however, any
Registrable Securities sold by a person in a transaction in which his rights
under this Section 1 are not assigned.
(c) The number of shares of "Registrable Securities then outstanding"
shall be determined by the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding which
are, and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to then
exercisable or convertible securities which are, Registrable Securities.
(d) The term "Holders" means any holder or holders of the Registrable
Securities.
1.2 Request for Registration.
(a) If the Company shall receive at any time after the expiration of
180 days from the effective date of the registration statement for the initial
public offering of securities of the Company, a written request from the Holders
of at least 10% of the Registrable Securities then outstanding that the Company
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<PAGE> 3
file a registration statement under the Act covering the registration of the
Holders' Registrable Securities as limited in amount pursuant to Section 1.1(b)
and Section 1.2(d), then the Company shall, subject to the limitations of
subsection 1.2(b), effect as soon as practicable, and in any event shall use its
best efforts to effect within 90 days of the receipt of such request, the
registration under the Act of all Registrable Securities which the Holders
request to be registered.
(b) If the Holders initiating the registration request hereunder
("Initiating Holders") intend to distribute the Registrable Securities covered
by their request by means of an underwriting, they shall so advise the Company
as a part of their request made pursuant to this Section 1.2 and the Company
shall include such information in the written notice referred to in subsection
1.2(a). The underwriter will be selected by a majority in interest of the
Initiating Holders and shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company. In such
event, the right of any Holder to include his Registrable Securities in such
registration shall be conditioned upon such Holder's participation in such
underwriting and the inclusion of such Holder's Registrable Securities in the
underwriting (unless otherwise mutually agreed by a majority in interest of the
Initiating Holders and such Holder) to the extent provided herein. All Holders
proposing to distribute their securities through such underwriting shall
(together with the Company as provided in subsection 1.4(e)) enter into an
underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters
selected for such underwriting by a majority in interest of the Initiating
Holders. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 1.2, if the
underwriter advises the Initiating Holders in writing that marketing factors
require a limitation of the number of shares to be underwritten, then the
Initiating Holders shall so advise all Holders of Registrable Securities which
would otherwise be underwritten pursuant hereto, and the number of shares of
Registrable Securities that may be included in the underwriting shall be
allocated among all Holders thereof, including the Initiating Holders, in
proportion (as nearly as practicable) to the amount of Registrable Securities of
the Company owned by each Holder; provided, however, that the number of shares
of Registrable Securities to be included in such underwriting shall not be
reduced unless all other securities are first entirely excluded from the
underwriting.
(c) The Company is obligated to effect pursuant to this Section 1.2.
only two (2) such registrations per year, per Holder.
(d) (1) The maximum amount of Registrable Securities which may be
registered by any Holder pursuant to this Section 1.2 in any twelve-month period
is an amount equal to one third of the shares of Common Stock held by each of
the Investors, respectively, on the effective date of the Company's initial
public offering of its Class A Common Stock (i.e. if the Greenberg Family Trust
owns 3,000,000 shares on the effective date and Michael Greenberg owns 1,500,000
shares on the effective date, then the Greenberg Family Trust, or transferees of
the Greenberg Family Trust would be entitled to register up to a maximum of
1,000,000 shares in any twelve-month period, as adjusted pursuant to Section
1.1(b), Section 1.3 and this Section 1.2, and Michael Greenberg or his
transferees would be able to register up to a maximum of 500,000 shares in any
twelve-month period as adjusted pursuant to Section 1.1(b), Section 1.3 and this
Section 1.2), such amounts may be reduced by any sales made by an Investor
during the subject twelve-month period pursuant to (i) Rule 144, (ii) any
private transactions, or (iii) an effective registration statement; excluded
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<PAGE> 4
from such amounts are any sales of securities made pursuant to a registration
statement which was filed in any previous twelve-month period.
(2) The twelve-month period immediately following the Company's initial
public offering will exclude any shares sold by an Investor pursuant to the
Company's initial public offering.
(3) During the first twelve-month period commencing upon the transfer
of shares from an Investor to a transferee, any transferees of the Investors are
entitled to register a maximum amount of shares equal to the lesser of (i) the
amount the respective Investor is entitled to register for the twelve-month
period immediately preceding the transfer or (ii) the number of Registrable
Securities that are actually transferred to the transferee.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company shall furnish to each
Holder requesting a registration statement pursuant to this Section 1.2, a
certificate signed by the President of the Company stating that in the good
faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, it would be seriously
detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for such registration statement
to be filed and it is therefore essential to defer the filing of such
registration statement, the Company shall have the right to defer taking action
with respect to such filing for a period of not more than 90 days after receipt
of the request of the Initiating Holders; provided, however, that the Company
shall only be permitted to exercise its right of deferral once in any
twelve-month period.
1.3 Company Registration.
(a) If (but without any obligation to do so) the Company proposes to
register any of its stock or other securities, including for this purpose a
registration effected by the Company for stockholders other than the Holders,
under the Act in connection with the public offering of such securities solely
for cash (other than a registration relating solely to the sale of securities to
participants in a Company stock plan, or a registration on any form which does
not include substantially the same information as would be required to be
included in a registration statement covering the sale of the Registrable
Securities), the Company shall, at such time, promptly give each Holder written
notice of such registration. Upon the written request of a Holder given within
twenty (20) days after mailing of such notice by the Company in accordance with
Section 3.5, the Company shall, subject to the provisions of Section 1.8, cause
to be registered under the Act all of the Registrable Securities that each such
Holder has requested to be registered.
(b) (1) The maximum amount of Registrable Securities which may be
registered by any Holder pursuant to this Section 1.3 in any twelve-month period
is an amount equal to one third of the shares of Common Stock held by each of
the respective Investors, respectively, on the effective date of the Company's
initial public offering of its Common Stock (i.e. if the Greenberg Family Trust
owns 3,000,000 shares on the effective date and Michael Greenberg owns 1,500,000
shares on the effective date, then the Greenberg Family Trust, or transferees of
the Greenberg Family Trust would be entitled to register up to a maximum of
1,000,000 shares in any twelve-month period, as adjusted pursuant to Section
1.1(b), Section 1.2 and this Section 1.3, and Michael Greenberg or his
transferees would be able to register up to a maximum of 500,000 shares in any
twelve-month period as adjusted pursuant to Section 1.1(b), Section 1.2 and this
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<PAGE> 5
Section 1.3, such amounts may be reduced by any sales made by an Investor during
the subject twelve-month period pursuant to (i) Rule 144, (ii) any private
transactions, or (iii) an effective registration statement; excluded from such
amounts are any sales of securities made pursuant to a registration statement
which was filed in any previous twelve-month period.
(2) The maximum amount of Registrable Securities which may be sold
during the twelve-month period immediately following the Company's initial
public offering will exclude any shares sold by the Investors pursuant to the
Company's initial public offering.
(3) Any Holder requesting to register shares pursuant to this Section
1.3 that owns outstanding shares which are the subject of a registration
statement filed pursuant to Section 1.2, that is requested by an underwriter
engaged by the Company in connection with the registration statement filed
pursuant to this Section 1.3 in which such Holder intends to participate, to
withdraw the registration statement filed pursuant to Section 1.2 as a condition
precedent to such Holder's participation in any registration statement filed
pursuant to this Section 1.3 shall not be deemed to have made such demand if
such Holder requests the Company to withdraw such registration statement.
(4) During the first twelve-month period commencing upon the transfer
of shares from an Investor to a transferee, any transferees of the Investors are
entitled to register a maximum amount of shares equal to the lesser of (i) the
amount the respective Investor is entitled to register for the twelve-month
period immediately preceding the transfer or (ii) the number of Registrable
Securities that are actually transferred to the transferee.
1.4 Obligations of the Company. Whenever required under this Section 1
to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities, the Company shall, as
expeditiously as reasonably possible:
(a) Prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"SEC") a registration statement with respect to such Registrable Securities and
use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective,
and, upon the request of the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities
registered thereunder, keep such registration statement effective for up to one
hundred twenty (120) days.
(b) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to
such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection with such
registration statement as may be necessary to comply with the provisions of the
Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such
registration statement.
(c) Furnish to the Holders such numbers of copies of a prospectus,
including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the
Act, and such other documents as they may reasonably request in order to
facilitate the disposition of Registrable Securities owned by them.
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<PAGE> 6
(d) Use its best efforts to register and qualify the securities covered
by such registration statement under such other securities or Blue Sky laws of
such jurisdictions as shall be reasonably requested by the Holders, provided
that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition
thereto to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service of
process in any such states or jurisdictions.
(e) In the event of any underwritten public offering, enter into and
perform its obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary
form, with the managing underwriter of such offering. Each Holder participating
in such underwriting shall also enter into and perform its obligations under
such an agreement.
(f) Notify each Holder covered by such registration statement at any
time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the
Act of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus included
in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement
of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light
of the circumstances then existing.
(g) Use its best efforts to furnish, at the request of any Holder
requesting registration of Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 1, on
the date that such Registrable Securities are delivered to the underwriters for
sale in connection with a registration pursuant to this Section 1, if such
securities are being sold through underwriters, or, if such securities are not
being sold through underwriters, on the date that the registration statement
with respect to such securities becomes effective, (i) an opinion, dated such
date, of the counsel representing the Company for the purposes of such
registration, in form and substance as is customarily given to underwriters in
an underwritten public offering, addressed to the underwriters, if any, and to
the Holders requesting registration of Registrable Securities and (ii) a letter
dated such date, from the independent certified public accountants of the
Company, in form and substance as is customarily given by independent certified
public accountants to underwriters in an underwritten public offering, addressed
to the underwriters, if any, and to the Holders requesting registration of
Registrable Securities.
1.5 Furnish Information.
(a) It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company
to take any action pursuant to this Section 1 with respect to the Registrable
Securities of any Holder that such Holder shall furnish to the Company such
information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities held by it, and the
intended method of disposition of such securities as shall be required to effect
the registration of such Holder's Registrable Securities.
1.6 Expenses of Demand Registration. All expenses other than
underwriting discounts and commissions incurred in connection with
registrations, filings or qualifications pursuant to Section 1.2, including
(without limitation) all registration, filing and qualification fees, printers'
and accounting fees, fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, and the
reasonable fees and disbursements of one counsel for the Holders shall be borne
by the Company; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay
for any expenses of any registration proceeding begun pursuant to Section 1.2 if
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<PAGE> 7
the registration request is subsequently withdrawn at the request of the Holders
of a majority of the Registrable Securities to be registered ( in which case all
Participating Holders shall bear such expenses), unless the Holders of a
majority of the Registrable Securities agree to forfeit their right to one
demand registration pursuant to Section 1.2; provided further, however, that if
at the time of such withdrawal, the Holders have learned of a material adverse
change in the condition, business, or prospects of the Company from that known
to the Holders at the time of their request and have withdrawn the request with
reasonable promptness following disclosure by the Company of such material
adverse change, then the Holders shall not be required to pay any of such
expenses and shall retain their rights pursuant to Section 1.2.
1.7 Expenses of Company Registration. The Company shall bear and pay
all expenses incurred in connection with any registration, filing or
qualification of Registrable Securities with respect to the registrations
pursuant to Section 1.3 for each Holder (which right may be assigned as provided
in Section 1.13), including (without limitation) all registration, filing, and
qualification fees, printers and accounting fees relating or apportionable
thereto and the fees and disbursements of one counsel for the Holder selected by
them, but excluding underwriting discounts and commissions relating to
Registrable Securities.
1.8 Underwriting Requirements. In connection with any offering
involving an underwriting of shares of the Company's capital stock the Company
shall not be required under Section 1.3 to include any of the Holders'
securities in such underwriting unless they accept the terms of the underwriting
as agreed upon between the Company and the underwriters selected by it (or by
other persons entitled to select the underwriters), and then only in such
quantity as the underwriters determine in their sole discretion will not
jeopardize the success of the offering by the Company. If the total amount of
securities, including Registrable Securities, requested by stockholders to be
included in such offering exceeds the amount of securities sold other than by
the Company that the underwriters determine in their sole discretion is
compatible with the success of the offering, then the Company shall be required
to include in the offering only that number of such securities, including
Registrable Securities, which the underwriters determine in their sole
discretion will not jeopardize the success of the offering (the securities so
included to be apportioned pro rata among the Holders according to the total
amount of securities entitled to be included therein owned by each Holder or in
such other proportions as shall mutually be agreed to by the Holders) but in no
event shall (i) the amount of securities of the Holders included in the offering
be reduced below twenty-five percent (25%) of the total amount of securities
included in such offering.
1.9 Delay of Registration. No Holder shall have any right to obtain or
seek an injunction restraining or otherwise delaying any such registration as
the result of any controversy that might arise with respect to the
interpretation or implementation of this Section 1.
1.10 Indemnification. In the event any Registrable Securities are
included in a registration statement under this Section 1:
(a) To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify and hold
harmless each Holder, any underwriter (as defined in the Act) for such Holder
and each person, if any, who controls such Holder or underwriter within the
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meaning of the Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934
Act"), against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (joint or several) to
which they may become subject under the Act, the 1934 Act, insofar as such
losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise
out of or are based upon any of the following statements, omissions or
violations (collectively a "Violation"): (i) any untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement of a material fact contained in such registration statement,
including any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or
any amendments or supplements thereto, (ii) the omission or alleged omission to
state therein a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading, or (iii) any violation or alleged
violation by the Company of the Act, or the 1934 Act, or any rule or regulation
promulgated under the Act, or the 1934 Act; and the Company will pay to each
Holder, underwriter or controlling person, as incurred, any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or
defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action; provided, however,
that the indemnity agreement contained in this subsection 1.10(a) shall not
apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such loss, claim, damage, liability,
or action if such settlement is effected without the consent of the Company
(which consent shall no be unreasonably withheld), nor shall the Company be
liable in any such case for any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action
to the extent that it arises out of or is based upon a Violation which occurs in
reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished expressly for
use in connection with such registration by any such Holder, underwriter or
controlling person.
(b) To the extent permitted by law, each Holder will indemnify and hold
harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who has signed
the registration statement, each person, if any, who controls the Company within
the meaning of the Act, any underwriter, any other Holder selling securities in
such registration statement and any controlling person of any such underwriter
or other Holder, against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (joint or
several) to which any of the foregoing persons may become subject, under the
Act, or the 1934 Act insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or
actions in respect thereto) arise out of or are based upon any Violation, in
each case to the extent (and only to the extent) that such Violation occurs in
reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by such
Holder expressly for use in connection with such registration; and each such
Holder will pay, as incurred, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by
any person intended to be indemnified pursuant to this subsection 1.10(b), in
connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage,
liability, or action; provided, however, that the indemnity agreement contained
in this subsection 1.10(b) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any
such loss, claim, damage, liability or action if such settlement is effected
without the consent of the Holder, which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld; provided, that, in no event shall any indemnity under this subsection
1.10(b) exceed the gross proceeds from the offering received by such Holder.
(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section
1.10 of notice of the commencement of any action (including any governmental
action), such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be
made against any indemnifying party under this Section 1.10, deliver to the
indemnifying party a written notice of the commencement thereof and the
indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent
the indemnifying party so desires, jointly with any other indemnifying party
similarly noticed, to assume the defense thereof with counsel mutual
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<PAGE> 9
satisfactory to the parties; provided, however, that an indemnified party
(together with other indemnified parties which may be represented without
conflict by one counsel) shall have the right to retain one separate counsel,
with the fees and expenses to be paid by the indemnifying party, if
representation of such indemnified party by the counsel retained by the
indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing
interests between such indemnified party and any other party represented by such
counsel in such proceeding. The failure to deliver written notice to the
indemnifying party within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such
action, if prejudicial to its ability to defend such action, shall relieve such
indemnifying party of any liability to the indemnified party under this Section
1.10, but the omission so to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party
will not relieve it of any liability that it may have to any indemnified party
otherwise than under this Section 1.10.
(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 1.10 is held by
a court of competent jurisdiction to be unavailable to an indemnified party with
respect to any loss, liability, claim, damage, or expense referred to therein,
then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party
hereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified
party as a result of such loss, liability, claim, damage, or expense in such
proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying
party on the one hand and of the indemnified party on the other in connection
with the statements or omissions that resulted in such loss, liability, claim,
damage, or expense as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The
relative fault of the indemnifying party and of the indemnified party shall be
determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged
untrue statement of a material fact or the omission to state a material fact
relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or by the indemnified
party and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information, and
opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that the provisions on
indemnification and contribution contained in the underwriting agreement entered
into in connection with the underwritten public offering are in conflict with
the foregoing provisions, the provisions in the underwriting agreement shall
control.
(f) The obligations of the Company and Holders under this Section 1.10
shall survive the completion of any offering of Registrable Securities in a
registration statement under this Section 1, and otherwise.
1.11 Reports Under Securities Exchange Act of 1934. With a view to
making available to the Holders the benefits of Rule 144 promulgated under the
Act and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit a
Holder to sell securities of the Company to the public without registration or
pursuant to a registration on Form S-3, the Company agrees to:
(a) make and keep public information available, as those terms are
understood and defined in SEC Rule 144, at all times after ninety (90) days
after the effective date of the first registration statement filed by the
Company for the offering of its securities to the general public;
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<PAGE> 10
(b) take such action, including the voluntary registration of its Class
A Common Stock under Section 12 of the 1934 Act, as is necessary to enable the
Holders to utilize Form S-3 for the sale of their Registrable Securities, such
action to be taken when the first registration statement filed by the Company
for the offering of its securities to the general public is declared effective;
(c) file with the SEC in a timely manner all reports and other
documents required of the Company under the Act and the 1934 Act; and
(d) furnish to any Holder, so long as the Holder owns any Registrable
Securities, forthwith upon request (i) a written statement by the Company that
it has complied with the reporting requirements of SEC Rule 144 (at any time
after ninety (90) days after the effective date of the first registration
statement filed by the Company), the Act and the 1934 Act (at any time after it
has become subject to such reporting requirements), or that it qualifies as a
registrant whose securities may be resold pursuant to Form S-3 (at any time
after it so qualifies), (ii) a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly
report of the Company and such other reports and documents so filed by the
Company, and (iii) such other information as may be reasonably requested in
availing any Holder of any rule or regulation of the SEC which permits the
selling of any such securities without registration or pursuant to such form.
1.12 Assignment of Registration Rights. The rights to cause the Company
to register Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 1 may be assigned
(but only with all related obligations) by a Holder, provided the Company is,
within a reasonable time after such transfer, furnished with written notice of
the name and address of such transferee or assignee and the securities with
respect to which such registration rights are being assigned; and provided,
further, that such assignment shall be effective only if immediately following
such transfer the further disposition of such securities by the transferee or
assignee is restricted under the Act. For the purposes of determining the number
of shares of Registrable Securities held by a transferee or assignee, the
holdings of transferees and assignees of a partnership who are partners or
retired partners of such partnership (including spouses and ancestors, lineal
descendants and siblings of such partners or spouses who acquire Registrable
Securities by gift, will or intestate succession) shall be aggregated together
and with the partnership; provided that all assignees and transferees who would
not qualify individually for assignment of registration rights shall have a
single attorney-in-fact for the purpose of exercising any rights, receiving
notices or taking any action under this Section 1.
1.14 Limitations on Subsequent Registration Rights. From and after the
date of this Agreement, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent
of the Holders, so long as they own any outstanding Registrable Securities,
enter into any agreement with any holder or prospective holder of any securities
of the Company which would allow such holder or prospective holder (a) to
include such securities in any registration filed under Section 1.2 hereof,
unless under the terms of such agreement, such holder or prospective holder may
include such securities in any such registration only to the extent that the
inclusion of his securities will not reduce the amount of the Registrable
Securities of the Holders which is included or (b) to make a demand registration
which could result in such registration statement being declared effective prior
to the date set forth in subsection 1.2(a) or within one hundred twenty (120)
days of the effective date of any registration effected pursuant to Section 1.2.
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<PAGE> 11
1.15 "Market Stand-Off" Agreement. Each Holder hereby agrees that,
during the period of duration, not to exceed 180 days, specified by the Company
and an underwriter of the Common Stock or other securities of the Company,
following the effective date of a registration statement of the Company filed
under the Act, it shall not, to the extent requested by the Company and such
underwriter, directly or indirectly sell, offer to sell, contract to sell
(including, without limitation, any short sale), grant any option to purchase or
otherwise transfer or dispose of (other than to donees who agree to be similarly
bound) any securities of the Company held by it at any time during such period
except Class A Common Stock included in such registration; provided, however,
that:
(a) such agreement shall be applicable only to the first such
registration statement of the Company which covers Class A Common Stock (or
other securities) to be sold on its behalf to the public in an underwritten
offering; and
(b) all officers and directors of the Company and all other persons
with registration rights (whether or not pursuant to this Agreement) enter into
similar agreements.
In order to enforce the foregoing covenant, the Company may impose
stop-transfer instructions with respect to the Registrable Securities of each
Holder (and the shares or securities of every other person subject to the
foregoing restriction) until the end of such period.
2. Covenants of the Company.
2.1 Delivery of Financial Statements. The Company shall deliver to each
Holder, as soon as practicable, but in any event within ninety (90) days after
the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an income statement for such fiscal
year, a balance sheet of the Company and statement of stockholders' equity as of
the end of such year, and a statement of cash flows for such year, such year-end
financial reports to be in reasonable detail, prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), and audited and certified by
independent public accountants of nationally recognized standing selected by the
Company.
3. Miscellaneous.
3.1 Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise provided herein, the
terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be
binding upon the respective successors and assigns of the parties. Nothing in
this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other
than the parties hereto or their respective successors and assigns any rights,
remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement,
except as expressly provided in this Agreement.
3.2 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed
under the laws of the State of Delaware.
3.3 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which
together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
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<PAGE> 12
3.4 Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this
Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in
construing or interpreting this Agreement.
3.5 Notices. Unless otherwise provided, any notice required or
permitted under this Agreement shall be given in writing and shall be deemed
effectively given upon personal delivery to the party to be notified or three
(3) days after deposit with the United States Post Office, by registered or
certified mail, postage prepaid and addressed to the party to be notified at the
address indicated for such party on the signature page hereof, or at such other
address as such party may designate by ten (10) days' advance written notice to
the other parties.
3.6 Expenses. If any action at law or in equity is necessary to enforce
or interpret the terms of this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled
to reasonable attorneys' fees, costs and necessary disbursements in addition to
any other relief to which such party may be entitled.
3.7 Amendments and Waivers. Except as otherwise provided herein, any
term of this Agreement may be amended and the observance of any term of this
Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either
retroactively or prospectively), only with the written consent of the Company
and the holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding.
Any amendment or waiver effected in accordance with this paragraph shall be
binding upon each holder of any Registrable Securities then outstanding, each
future holder of all such Registrable Securities, and the Company.
3.8 Severability. If one or more provisions of this Agreement are held
to be unenforceable under applicable law, such provision shall be excluded from
this Agreement and the balance of the Agreement shall be interpreted as if such
provision were so excluded and shall be enforceable in accordance with its
terms.
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<PAGE> 13
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Registration Rights
Agreement as of the date first above written.
SKECHERS U.S.A., INC.
By:
-------------------------------
Name:
-------------------------------
Title:
-------------------------------
THE GREENBERG FAMILY TRUST
By:
-------------------------------
Name: Robert Y. Greenberg
Title: Trustee
By:
------------------------------
Name: M. Susan Greenberg
Title: Trustee
MICHAEL GREENBERG
By:
------------------------------
Michael Greenberg
By:
------------------------------
Wendy Greenberg
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<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.8
TAX INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Tax Indemnification Agreement ("Agreement") is made this ___ day
of __________, 1999, by and among Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware Corporation
("Skechers" or the "Corporation"), Michael Greenberg, Jeffrey Greenberg, Jason
Greenberg, Joshua Greenberg, Jennifer Greenberg, Robert and Susan Greenberg,
Trustees of the Greenberg Family Trust u/d/t May 3, 1998, David Schwartzberg,
Julie Schwartzberg, Gil Schwartzberg, and Debbie Schwartzberg (each such
individual a "Shareholder," and all such individuals collectively the
"Shareholders"), such Shareholders owning all of the capital stock of the
Corporation. Skechers and the Shareholders are hereinafter referred to
individually as a "party" and collectively as the "parties".
WHEREAS, the Corporation is and has been an "S corporation" (within the
meaning of section 1361 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code")) since May 29, 1992;
WHEREAS, Corporation contemplates a public offering (the "Offering") of
its stock;
WHEREAS, it is anticipated that Corporation's election to be an S
corporation will terminate as a result of revocation of such status in
accordance with Section 1361(d)(1) of the Code, upon the effective date of the
Offering; and
WHEREAS, in connection with the Offering, Corporation and Shareholders
wish to provide for certain indemnifications with respect to Corporation's prior
status as an S corporation.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. Tax Returns and Reporting.
(a) Consistent Reporting by Corporation. For all taxable years
ended on or before the day before Corporation's S corporation election
terminates, Corporation shall not (except as required by law), without the
unanimous consent of Shareholders (which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld), file any amended income tax return or change any election or
accounting method with respect to Corporation, if such filing or change would
increase any federal, state, local (including but not limited to city or county)
or foreign income tax liability (including interest and penalties, if any)
(collectively "Tax Liability") of any Shareholder for any period. The limitation
of liability contained in section 2(a)(v) hereinbelow does not apply in the
event Corporation breaches the prohibition contained in this section 1(a).
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<PAGE> 2
(b) Responsibility for Tax Returns. Corporation shall file all
tax returns required to be filed by it with respect to all periods for which
returns shall become due after the closing of Corporation's initial public
offering, including all returns for the short taxable year which concludes upon
the termination of Corporation's S election.
(c) Responsibility for Taxes. Each Shareholder shall file all
required tax returns reporting his/her allocable share of Corporation's taxable
income for all years prior to the termination of the S election, subject only to
the indemnities set forth in paragraph 2 hereinbelow.
(d) Allocation Election. Corporation shall terminate its S
corporation status by a revocation of such status pursuant to section 1361(d)(1)
of the Code by filing the form attached hereto and marked "Exhibit A." The
Shareholders shall consent to the revocation of the S corporation election by
filing the form, attached hereto and marked "Exhibit B"no later than one day
before the closing of the Offering (the "Termination Date"). Further,
Corporation shall elect to allocate items between its two taxable years ending
and beginning, respectively, on the date of termination and the date after the
termination of the S election, "under normal tax accounting rules," that is, the
"closing of the books method," as provided in section 1362(e)(3)(A) of the Code
by filing the form attached hereto as "Exhibit C." The Shareholders shall each
consent to the "closing of the books method" election, by filing the forms
attached hereto and marked "Exhibit D" pursuant to section 1362(e)(3)(B)of the
Code.
2. Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification of Shareholders.
(i) Indemnification for Tax Liability. Corporation
hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Shareholders harmless from, against and in
respect of any Tax Liability incurred by them resulting from a final judicial or
administrative adjustment (by reason of an amended return, claim for refund,
audit or otherwise) to Corporation's taxable income which is the result of an
increase or change in character of Corporation's income during the period it was
treated as an S corporation.
(ii) Tax Adjustment. In the event that an
indemnification payment pursuant to section 2(a)(i) exceeds the amount of the
increase in the Corporation's accumulated adjustments account (as defined in IRC
section 1368(e)(1)) resulting from the adjustment (or to the extent such payment
to Shareholders does not qualify as a distribution during the post-termination
transition period as defined in IRC section 1377(b)) such amount shall be
increased by an amount calculated pursuant to section 2(a)(iv) hereinbelow.
(iii) Fees and Costs. Corporation hereby agrees to
reimburse Shareholders for such professional fees or other costs as are
reasonably necessary to defend Shareholders in the event of an audit or review
of a Shareholder's income tax return during a
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<PAGE> 3
year in which the Shareholders were reporting corporate income by virtue of the
S corporation election.
(iv) Gross Up for Additional Tax. In all events,
and to the extent not otherwise reimbursed, Corporation hereby agrees that if
any payment pursuant to this section 2(a) is deemed to be taxable income to a
Shareholder, the amount of such payment to the Shareholder shall be increased by
an amount necessary to equal the Shareholder's additional Tax Liability related
to such amount (including, without limitation any taxes on such additional
amounts) so that the net amount received and retained by a Shareholder after
payment by the Shareholder of all taxes associated with the payment is equal to
the payment otherwise required to be made.
(v) Indemnification Limited to Tax Benefit.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company's
obligation to indemnify pursuant to section 2(a) of this Agreement shall be
limited to the amount of the Company's actual tax savings, if any, attributable
to the circumstances giving rise to the increase in the Tax Liability of a
Shareholder.
(b) Indemnification of Corporation.
(i) Indemnification for Failure to Qualify as an S
Corporation. Each of the shareholders, severally agrees (according to the
percentage of the outstanding shares of Skechers' common stock owned by such
shareholder for the year in question) and jointly, to indemnify and hold
Corporation harmless from, against, and in respect for any U.S. federal or state
income tax liability (including interest and penalties), if any, resulting from
Corporation failing to qualify as an S corporation under Section 1361(a)(1) of
the IRC (as enacted and in effect prior to the date of termination), pursuant to
a final determination by an applicable taxing authority, for any taxable year on
or before the Termination Date as to which Corporation filed or files tax
returns claiming status as an S corporation.
(ii) Indemnification for Tax Liability. In addition
to the indemnification obligation provided in section 2(b)(i) Shareholders
hereby agree to indemnify and hold harmless Corporation against any increase in
Corporation's Tax Liability, and costs relating thereto, with respect to any tax
year to the extent such increase results in a related decrease in the Tax
Liability of Shareholders for any period prior to the termination of the
Corporation's S status.
(c) Payment. Any payment required to be made pursuant to this
Agreement shall be paid within seven days after receipt of written notice from
the indemnified person that a payment is due hereunder.
3. Waiver of Invalid Election or Termination of S Status. If the
Internal Revenue Service determines that Corporation failed validly to elect to
be an S corporation or that Corporation's status as an S corporation was
terminated inadvertently, and if Corporation wishes to obtain a ruling pursuant
to section 1362(f) of the Code, each Shareholder agrees to make any adjustments
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<PAGE> 4
required pursuant to section 1362(f)(4) of the Code and approved by
Corporation's board of directors. Any such adjustments shall be subject to the
indemnification provisions of section 2(a).
4. Miscellaneous. This Agreement may be executed in several
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which
counterparts collectively shall constitute an instrument representing the
Agreement between the parties hereto. This Agreement shall be governed by
California law, without regard to choice of law rules applied by California
courts. This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of
successors and assigns of the parties, including all persons to whom any
Shareholder transfers stock of Corporation. Section headings shall not affect
the interpretation of this Agreement. This Agreement embodies the entire
agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter contained herein.
The parties hereto agree to take all further actions necessary to effect the
agreements contained herein.
WHEREFORE this Agreement was executed on the date first aforesaid.
CORPORATION: Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware Corporation
By: _________________________________________
Name:
Title:
SHAREHOLDERS:
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Michael Greenberg Robert and Susan Greenberg,
Trustees of the Greenberg Family Trust
u/d/t May 3, 1988
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Jeffrey Greenberg David Schwartzberg
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Jason Greenberg Julie Schwartzberg
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Joshua Greenberg Gil Schwartzberg
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Jennifer Greenberg Debbie Schwartzberg
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<PAGE> 5
EXHIBIT A
STATEMENT OF REVOCATION OF ELECTION
Internal Revenue Service Center
Fresno, California 93888
RE: Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation
EIN 95-4376145
Revocation of S Corporation Election
The S corporation election under section 1362(a) of the Internal
Revenue Code of Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation, with its
principal office located at 228 Manhattan Beach Boulevard, Manhattan Beach, CA
90266, is hereby revoked as of ______________, 1999. At the time of revocation,
the number of shareholders (issued and outstanding) of Skechers U.S.A., Inc.
stock, including nonvoting stock, is 27,814,155.
Attached are the consents to the revocation by shareholders owning more
than one-half of the issued and outstanding shares.
Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation
By:____________________________
Title:_________________________
Date:__________________________
Attachment
{All revocations and consents should be mailed to the IRS certified mail return
receipt requested.}
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EXHIBIT B
SHAREHOLDERS' STATEMENT OF CONSENT TO REVOCATION OF ELECTION
We, the undersigned, being shareholders of Skechers, U.S.A., Inc., a
Delaware corporation ("Skechers"), holding all of Skechers' issued and
outstanding shares (including nonvoting stock), do hereby consent to the
revocation by Skechers of its S corporation election under section 1362(a) of
the Internal Revenue Code. The revocation is to be effective as of
______________ 1999.
Under penalties of perjury, the undersigned declare that the facts
presented in the accompanying statement are, to the best of our knowledge and
belief, true, correct, and complete.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Social Security
or Employer Date Acquired
Name and Identification Number of Per Regs. Tax Year End
Address Number Shares Owned 1.1362-6(b)(1) (Month & Day)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Michael Greenberg 2,781,415
Jeffrey Greenberg 1,390,708
Jason Greenberg 1,390,708
Joshua Greenberg 1,390,708
Jennifer Greenberg 1,390,708
Robert and Susan Greenberg,
Trustees of the Greenberg Family
Trust, u/d/t 5/3/88 18,079,198
David Schwartzberg 278,142
Julie Schwartzberg 278,142
Gil Schwartzberg 417,213
Debbie Schwartzberg 417,213
</TABLE>
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Michael Greenberg Robert and Susan Greenberg,
Trustees of the Greenberg Family Trust
u/d/t May 3, 1998
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Jeffrey Greenberg David Schwartzberg
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Jason Greenberg Julie Schwartzberg
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Joshua Greenberg Gil Schwartzberg
__________________________________ ______________________________________
Jennifer Greenberg Debbie Schwartzberg
Dated:_________________, 1999
{All election and consents should be mailed to the IRS certified mail return
receipt requested.}
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<PAGE> 7
EXHIBIT C
ELECTION TO CLOSE BOOKS UPON S CORPORATION TERMINATION
(Attach to Form 1120)
Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Skechers"), EIN
95-4376145, with the consent of all the shareholders of the short S year and all
the shareholders on the first day of the short C year (attached), elects under
section 1362(e)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code not to have the pro rata
allocation of S corporation items under section 1362(e)(2) of the Internal
Revenue Code apply to the S termination year ending _________________, 1999. The
date of Skechers' termination was _________, 1999 and the cause of termination
was an election to revoke its status as an S corporation.
Skechers U.S.A., Inc. a Delaware corporation
By:________________________________
Name:
Title:
Date:______________________________
Attachment
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<PAGE> 8
EXHIBIT D
SHAREHOLDER CONSENT
RE: Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a Delaware corporation
EIN 95-4376145
SHAREHOLDER NAME: ___________________________________________
SHAREHOLDER ADDRESS: ___________________________________________
TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER: _________________________________
NUMBER OF SHARES: ___________________________________________
DATE OR DATES SHARES ACQUIRED: _________________________________
_________________________________
DATE SHAREHOLDER'S TAX YEAR ENDS: _________________________________
THE UNDERSIGNED HEREBY CONSENTS TO THE ELECTION OF SKECHERS U.S.A., INC., A
CALIFORNIA CORPORATION TO ALLOCATE THE TAXABLE INCOME OF THE CORPORATION FOR THE
S TERMINATION YEAR AS PROVIDED BY SECTION 1362(e)(3) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE
CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED.
This consent is executed by the undersigned under penalties of perjury.
Date:______________________ Signature:__________________________
Date:______________________ Signature:__________________________
Note: Each person owning a community property, tenancy in common, joint tenancy,
or tenancy by the entirety interest must sign. Consent of minor must be by legal
representative or parent if no legal representative. Consent of qualifying trust
must be the person treated as shareholder under Section 1361(b)(1) of the Code.
-8-
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23.1
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT ON SCHEDULE AND CONSENT
The Board of Directors
Skechers U.S.A., Inc.
The audits referred to in our report dated March 12, 1999, except for Note 12
which is as of May 28, 1999, included the related financial statement schedule
for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1998, included
in the registration statement on Form S-1 of Skechers U.S.A., Inc. This
financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement schedule
based on our audits. In our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a
whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth
therein.
We consent to the use of our reports included herein and to the reference to our
firm under the headings "Selected Financial Data" and "Experts" in the
prospectus.
KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
May 31, 1999
