<PAGE>
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON DECEMBER 24, 1998
REGISTRATION NO. 333-66895
811-09101
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
------------------------
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 / /
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1 /X/
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. / /
AND/OR
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 / /
AMENDMENT NO. 1 /X/
(Check appropriate box or boxes)
------------------------
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)
GATEWAY CENTER THREE
100 MULBERRY STREET
NEWARK, NEW JERSEY 07102-4077
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (973) 367-7525
MARGUERITE E.H. MORRISON, ESQ.
GATEWAY CENTER THREE
100 MULBERRY STREET
NEWARK, NEW JERSEY 07102-4077
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Approximate date of proposed public offering:
As soon as practicable after the effective
date of the Registration Statement.
Title of Securities Being Registered...Shares of Beneficial Interest, $.001
par value per share.
Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates
as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file
a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement
shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the
Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.
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<PAGE>
FUND TYPE:
- -------------------------------------
Stock
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE:
- -------------------------------------
Long-term after-tax growth of capital
The Fund's Distributor will solicit
subscriptions for the Fund's shares during a
subscription period expected to last from
January 28, 1999 to February 26, 1999. The Fund
expects to begin a continuous offering of its
shares on March 22, 1999.
[ICON]
Prudential
Tax-Managed
Equity Fund
- -----------------
PROSPECTUS: JANUARY , 1999
As with all mutual funds, the Securities
and Exchange Commission has not
approved the Fund's shares, nor has the
SEC determined that this prospectus is
complete or accurate. It is a criminal
offense to state otherwise. [LOGO]
<PAGE>
Table of Contents
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1 Risk/Return Summary
1 Investment Objective and Principal Strategies
1 Principal Risks
3 Fees and Expenses
5 How the Fund Invests
5 Investment Objective and Policies
6 Other Investments
7 Derivative Strategies
8 Additional Strategies
9 Investment Risks
12 How the Fund is Managed
12 Manager
12 Investment Adviser
12 Portfolio Managers
13 Distributor
13 Year 2000 Readiness Disclosure
14 Fund Distributions and Tax Issues
14 Distributions
15 Tax Issues
16 If You Sell or Exchange Your Shares
18 How to Buy, Sell and Exchange Shares of the Fund
18 Initial Offering of Shares
19 How to Buy Shares
27 How to Sell Your Shares
31 How to Exchange Your Shares
33 The Prudential Mutual Fund Family
For More Information (Back Cover)
</TABLE>
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PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
Risk/Return Summary
This section highlights key information about the PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY
FUND, a new mutual fund, which we refer to as "the Fund." Additional information
follows this summary.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL STRATEGIES
Our investment objective is long-term after-tax growth of capital. We seek
investments that will appreciate over time. We also try to reduce the taxes
shareholders pay on the Fund's investment income and capital gains. We normally
invest at least 65% of the Fund's total assets in common stock and convertible
securities of large and medium-sized U.S. companies. We try to reduce taxes by
attempting to avoid short-term capital gains and by selling securities that have
fallen in value in order to generate losses that can be used to offset realized
capital gains on other securities. We also try to reduce taxes on investment
income by investing in lower-yielding equity securities. We also may use hedging
techniques to help reduce taxable income and capital gains.
The Fund tries to outperform the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Price Index on
an after-tax basis. While we make every effort to achieve our objective, we
can't guarantee success.
PRINCIPAL RISKS
Although we try to invest wisely, all investments involve risk. Since the Fund
invests primarily in common stock and convertible securities, there is the risk
that the price of a particular stock we own could go down, or the value of the
equity markets or a sector of them could go down. Stock markets are volatile.
Generally, the stock prices of large and medium-sized companies are more stable
than the stock prices of small-sized companies.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
A DIVERSIFIED CORE HOLDING
A team of Prudential Investments' quantitative portfolio managers will manage
the Fund. The team will use their judgment and a quantitative stock selection
model to manage the portfolio. Their methodology attempts to select common
stocks and convertible securities that will provide strong capital appreciation,
while simultaneously attempting to limit both the effects of taxation and the
differences in portfolio characteristics from those of the overall stock market.
The portfolio will normally consist of at least 200 securities selected from a
universe that presently consists of about 1,000 well-followed large and
mid-capitalization stocks.
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1
<PAGE>
Risk/Return Summary
The Fund may use hedging techniques to help reduce taxes, preserve assets
and enhance return, including using options and financial futures or stock index
futures contracts. These strategies may present above average risks. Derivatives
may not fully offset the underlying positions and this could result in losses to
the Fund that would not otherwise have occurred.
Some of our investment strategies also involve risk. Like any mutual fund,
an investment in the Fund could lose value, and you could lose money. For more
detailed information about the risks associated with the Fund, see "Investment
Risks."
THE FUND IS DESIGNED FOR LONG-TERM TAXABLE INVESTORS.
If you are investing for the short term (less than 1 year), you may suffer
negative tax consequences. Market conditions may limit the Fund's ability to
generate tax losses or to avoid dividend income. Excessive shareholder
redemptions may require the Fund to sell securities and realize gains. While the
Fund tries to reduce the extent to which shareholders incur taxes on Fund
distributions of income and net realized gains, the Fund expects to distribute
taxable income or capital gains from time to time.
An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed
by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
2
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
Risk/Return Summary
FEES AND EXPENSES
This table shows the sales charges, fees and expenses for each share class of
the Fund -- Class A, B, C and Z. Each share class has different sales
charges -- known as loads -- and expenses, but represents an investment in the
same fund. Class Z shares are available only to a limited group of investors.
For more information about which share class may be right for you, see "How to
Buy, Sell and Exchange Shares of the Fund."
SHAREHOLDER FEES(1) (PAID DIRECTLY FROM YOUR INVESTMENT)
- ------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS C CLASS Z
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Maximum sales charge (load)
imposed on purchases (as a
percentage of offering
price) 5% None 1% None
Maximum deferred sales
charge (load) (as a
percentage of the lower of
original purchase price or
sale proceeds) None 5%(2) 1%(3) None
Maximum sales charge (load)
imposed on reinvested
dividends and other
distributions None None None None
Redemption fees None None None None
Exchange fee None None None None
</TABLE>
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (DEDUCTED FROM FUND ASSETS)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS C CLASS Z
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Management fees .65% .65% .65% .65%
+ Distribution and service
(12b-1) fees .30%(4) 1.00% 1.00% None
+ Other expenses(5) .27% .27% .27% .27%
= TOTAL ANNUAL FUND
OPERATING EXPENSES 1.22%(4) 1.92% 1.92% .92%
</TABLE>
1 YOUR BROKER MAY CHARGE YOU A SEPARATE OR ADDITIONAL FEE FOR PURCHASES AND
SALES OF SHARES.
2 THE CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGE (CDSC) FOR CLASS B SHARES DECREASES BY
1% ANNUALLY TO 1% IN THE FIFTH AND SIXTH YEARS AND 0% IN THE SEVENTH YEAR.
CLASS B SHARES CONVERT TO CLASS A SHARES APPROXIMATELY SEVEN YEARS AFTER
PURCHASE.
3 THE CDSC FOR CLASS C SHARES IS 1% FOR SHARES REDEEMED WITHIN 18 MONTHS OF
PURCHASE.
4 THE DISTRIBUTOR OF THE FUND HAS VOLUNTARILY AGREED TO REDUCE ITS
DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE FEES FOR CLASS A SHARES TO .25 OF 1% OF THE
AVERAGE DAILY NET ASSETS OF THE CLASS A SHARES. THIS VOLUNTARY REDUCTION
MAY BE TERMINATED AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. WITH THIS REDUCTION, TOTAL
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES ARE 1.17%.
5 OTHER EXPENSES ARE ESTIMATED, SINCE THIS IS A NEW FUND.
3
<PAGE>
Risk/Return Summary
EXAMPLE
This example will help you compare the fees and expenses of the Fund's
different share classes and compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the
cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time
periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods.
The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year
and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. Although your
actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs
would be:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
1 YR 3 YRS
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
Class A shares $62 $87
Class B shares $69 $90
Class C shares $39 $70
Class Z shares $9 $29
</TABLE>
You would pay the following expenses on the same investment if you did not sell
your shares:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
1 YR 3 YRS
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
Class A shares $62 $87
Class B shares $19 $60
Class C shares $29 $70
Class Z shares $9 $29
</TABLE>
4
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
The Fund's investment objective is LONG-TERM AFTER-TAX GROWTH OF CAPITAL. This
means we seek investments that will appreciate over time. We also try to reduce
current and future taxes shareholders pay on the Fund's investment income and
capital gains. Our goal is to outperform the returns of the Standard & Poor's
500 Composite Stock Price Index (S&P 500) on an after-tax basis. While we make
every effort to achieve our objective, we can't guarantee success.
In pursuing our objective, we normally invest at least 65% of the Fund's
total assets in COMMON STOCK and CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES of large and
medium-sized U.S. companies. We consider large and medium-sized companies to be
those with market capitalizations above $1.2 billion at the time of initial
purchase. We use a quantitative stock selection model to help us decide which
common stocks to buy. The model evaluates growth potential, valuation, liquidity
and investment risk.
Convertible securities are securities -- like bonds, corporate notes and
preferred stock -- that we can convert into the company's common stock or some
other equity security. The Fund also invests in other EQUITY-RELATED SECURITIES,
including non-convertible preferred stock, warrants and rights that can be
exercised to obtain stock, investments in various types of business ventures,
including partnerships and joint ventures, and securities -- like American
Depositary Receipts (ADRs) -- which are certificates representing the right to
receive foreign securities that have been deposited with a U.S. bank (or a
foreign branch of a U.S. bank).
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
OUR TAX-MANAGED APPROACH
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that you receive on your taxable
investments. There are four components of the return of an equity mutual
fund -- price appreciation, distributions of income, distributions of realized
short-term capital gains and distributions of realized long-term capital gains.
Distributions of net investment income and net realized short- term gains (on
stocks held one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income, at rates as high as
39.6%. Distributions of realized long-term gains (on stocks held more than one
year) are taxed at rates up to 20%. Price appreciation (an unrealized gain) is
not subject to current federal tax. We try to achieve long-term after-tax
returns for you by managing our investments so as to reduce and defer the taxes
you incur as a result of your investment in the Fund.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
5
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
Our strategy is long-term capital appreciation while reducing the taxes you
incur from investment income and realized capital gains. We try to reduce taxes
by attempting to avoid short-term capital gains. We also try to reduce taxes on
investment income by investing in lower-yielding equity securities. However, a
portion of the Fund's securities may offer high potential capital appreciation
and a yield component.
When deciding whether to sell securities, we will consider the negative tax
impact of realizing capital gains and the positive tax impact of realizing
capital losses. We sometimes may defer the sale of a security until the realized
capital gain would qualify as a long-term capital gain. We also may sell a
security to realize a capital loss that can be used to offset realized capital
gains. When selling a portion of a holding, we may sell those securities with a
higher cost basis first. The portfolio managers may employ tax-advantaged
hedging techniques such as using options to protect the value of a holding
without selling the security.
For more information, see "Investment Risks" below and the Statement of
Additional Information, "Description of the Fund, Its Investments and Risks."
The Statement of Additional Information -- which we refer to as the
SAI -- contains additional information about the Fund. To obtain a copy, see the
back cover page of this prospectus.
The Fund's investment objective is a fundamental policy that cannot be
changed without shareholder approval. The Board of the Fund can change
investment policies that are not fundamental.
OTHER INVESTMENTS
We may also make the following investments to increase the Fund's returns or
protect its assets if market conditions warrant.
FOREIGN SECURITIES
We may invest up to 35% of the Fund's total assets in FOREIGN SECURITIES,
including money market instruments and other fixed-income securities, common
stock and other equity-related securities. For purposes of this limitation, we
do not consider ADRs and other similar receipts or shares to be foreign
securities.
6
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
In response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, we may
temporarily invest up to 100% of the Fund's assets in MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
We also may temporarily hold cash or high quality foreign or domestic money
market instruments until we invest the proceeds of new Fund sales or to meet
ordinary daily cash needs. Investing heavily in these securities limits our
ability to achieve capital appreciation but can help to preserve the Fund's
assets when the equity markets are unstable.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Fund may also use REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS, where a party agrees to sell a
security to the Fund and then repurchase it at an agreed-upon price at a stated
time. This creates a fixed return for the Fund.
DERIVATIVE STRATEGIES
TAX-ADVANTAGED HEDGING
To protect against price declines in our holdings that have developed large
accumulated capital gains, we may use hedging techniques to help reduce taxes,
including the purchase of put options on securities held, and financial and
stock index futures contracts. Using these techniques rather than selling these
securities may reduce exposure to price declines in certain securities without
realizing substantial capital gains under current tax law. Our ability to use
these strategies as a tax management technique for holdings of appreciated
securities is limited -- certain hedging transactions must be closed out within
thirty days after the end of the taxable year. Our ability to use different
tax-management strategies may be limited in the future by market volatility,
excessive shareholder redemptions or changes in tax law.
We expect that by using various tax management strategies, we can reduce the
extent to which you incur taxes on Fund distributions of income and net realized
gains. Even so, we expect to distribute taxable income or capital gains from
time to time.
OTHER DERIVATIVE STRATEGIES
We may use alternative investment strategies -- including DERIVATIVES -- to try
to improve the Fund's returns or protect its assets, although we cannot
guarantee these strategies will work, that the instruments necessary to
7
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
implement these strategies will be available or that the Fund will not lose
money. Derivatives -- such as futures, options, foreign currency forward
contracts and options on futures -- involve costs and can be volatile. With
derivatives, the investment adviser tries to predict whether the underlying
investment (a security, market index, currency, interest rate or some other
vehicle) will go up or down at some future date. We may use derivatives to try
to reduce risk or to increase return consistent with the Fund's overall
investment objective. The investment adviser will consider other factors (such
as cost) in deciding whether to employ any particular strategy or use any
particular instrument. Any derivatives we use may not match the Fund's
underlying holdings.
For more information about these strategies, see the SAI, "Description of
the Fund, Its Investments and Risks -- Hedging and Return Enhancement
Strategies."
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIES
The Fund also follows certain policies when it: BORROWS MONEY (the Fund can
borrow up to 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets); LENDS ITS SECURITIES to
others (the Fund can lend up to 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets,
including collateral received in the transaction); and holds ILLIQUID SECURITIES
(the Fund may hold up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, including
securities with legal or contractual restrictions, those without a readily
available market and repurchase agreements with maturities longer than seven
days). The Fund is subject to certain investment restrictions that are
fundamental policies, which means they cannot be changed without shareholder
approval. For more information about these restrictions, see the SAI.
8
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
INVESTMENT RISKS
As noted, all investments involve risk, and investing in the Fund is no
exception. This chart outlines the key risks and potential rewards of the Fund's
principal investments. See, too, "Description of the Fund, Its Investments and
Risks" in the SAI.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INVESTMENT TYPE
- -----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
% OF FUND'S TOTAL ASSETS RISKS POTENTIAL REWARDS
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
TAX-RELATED INVESTING V Sharply rising market V Lower current taxes and
AT LEAST 65% may limit the ability future tax liability
to generate tax losses V Higher after-tax returns
V Sharply falling market
may create unavoidable
increases in dividend
yield
V Tax law changes may
limit the effectiveness
of some strategies
V Excess shareholder
redemptions may require
realizing unintended
capital gains
V Lower pre-tax returns
COMMON STOCKS AND CONVERTIBLE V Individual stocks could V Historically, stocks
SECURITIES OF U.S. COMPANIES lose value have outperformed other
AT LEAST 65% V The equity markets could investments over the
go down, resulting in a long term
decline in value of the V Generally, economic
Fund's investments growth means higher
V Changes in economic or corporate profits,
political conditions, which leads to an
both domestic and increase in stock
international, prices, known as
resulting in a decline capital appreciation
in value of the Fund's
investments
</TABLE>
9
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INVESTMENT TYPE (CONT'D)
- ------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
% OF FUND'S TOTAL ASSETS RISKS POTENTIAL REWARDS
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
FOREIGN SECURITIES V Foreign markets, V Investors can
UP TO 35% economies and political participate in the
systems may not be as growth of foreign
stable as in the U.S. markets and companies
V Currency risk operating in those
V May be less liquid than markets
U.S. stocks or bonds V Opportunities for
V Differences in foreign diversification
laws, accounting
standards and public
information
V Year 2000 conversion may
be more of a problem
for some foreign
issuers
DERIVATIVES V Derivatives such as V Hedges that correlate
PERCENTAGE VARIES futures, options and well with the
foreign currency underlying positions
forward contracts that can reduce or eliminate
are used for hedging investment income or
purposes to avoid taxes capital gains at low
may not fully offset cost
the underlying V The Fund could make
positions and this money and protect
could result in losses against losses if the
to the Fund that would investment analysis
not have otherwise proves correct
occurred(1) V Derivatives that involve
V Derivatives used for leverage could generate
risk management may not substantial gains at
have the intended low cost
effects and may result V One way to manage the
in losses or missed Fund's risk/return
opportunities balance is to lock in
V The other party to a the value of an
derivatives contract investment ahead of
could default time
V Derivatives that involve
leverage could magnify
losses
V Certain types of
derivatives involve
costs to the Fund that
can reduce returns
</TABLE>
10
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How the Fund Invests
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INVESTMENT TYPE (CONT'D)
- ------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
% OF FUND'S TOTAL ASSETS RISKS POTENTIAL REWARDS
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
ILLIQUID SECURITIES V May be difficult to V May offer a more
UP TO 15% OF NET ASSETS value precisely attractive yield or
V May be difficult to sell potential for growth
at the time or price than more widely traded
desired securities
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS V Limits potential for V May preserve the Fund's
UP TO 100% ON A TEMPORARY BASIS capital appreciation assets
V See Credit risk and
Market risk
</TABLE>
1 AN OPTION IS THE RIGHT TO BUY OR SELL SECURITIES IN EXCHANGE FOR A PREMIUM. A
FUTURES CONTRACT IS AN AGREEMENT TO BUY OR SELL A SET QUANTITY OF AN
UNDERLYING PRODUCT AT A FUTURE DATE, OR TO MAKE OR RECEIVE A CASH PAYMENT
BASED ON THE VALUE OF A SECURITIES INDEX. A FOREIGN CURRENCY FORWARD CONTRACT
IS AN OBLIGATION TO BUY OR SELL A GIVEN CURRENCY ON A FUTURE DATE AND AT A SET
PRICE.
11
<PAGE>
How the Fund is Managed
MANAGER
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENTS FUND MANAGEMENT LLC (PIFM)
GATEWAY CENTER THREE, 100 MULBERRY STREET
NEWARK, NJ 07102-4077
Under a management agreement with the Fund, PIFM manages the Fund's
investment operations and administers its business affairs. The Fund pays PIFM
management fees of .65% of the Fund's average net assets.
As of December 31, 1998, PIFM served as the manager to all of the
Prudential Mutual Funds, and as manager or administrator to closed-end
investment companies, with aggregate assets of approximately $ billion.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Prudential Investment Corporation, called Prudential Investments, is the
Fund's investment adviser. Its address is Prudential Plaza, 751 Broad Street,
Newark, NJ 07102. PIFM has responsibility for all investment advisory services,
supervises Prudential Investments and reimburses Prudential Investments for its
reasonable costs and expenses.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
JAMES SCOTT, Ph.D., is a Senior Managing Director of Prudential Investments
Quantitative Management, a unit of Prudential Investments (PIQIM). He has
managed balanced and equity portfolios for Prudential's pension plans and
several institutional clients since 1987. Overall, Mr. Scott has 23 years in
investment experience,
MARK STUMPP, Ph.D., is a Senior Managing Director of PIQIM. He chairs the
group's Investment Policy Committee and is responsible for its model portfolio.
Mr. Stumpp developed the group's tactical asset allocation algorithm. He also
developed and oversees the methodology underlying the group's actively managed
equity portfolios. Mr. Stumpp has 18 years of investment experience.
TED LOCKWOOD is Managing Director of Equity Management, which includes
quantitative equity, derivative and index funds. He joined PIQIM in 1988 and has
over 13 years investment experience. Ted is also responsible for investment
research, new product development and managing balanced portfolios on behalf of
institutional clients.
12
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How the Fund is Managed
Messrs. Scott, Stumpp and Lockwood lead a team of 17 investment
professionals, 7 of which hold Ph.D.s, with over 200 years of combined
experience. The team is currently responsible for the management of over $15
billion in assets.
DISTRIBUTOR
Prudential Investment Management Services LLC (PIMS) distributes the Fund's
shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Fund. The Fund has Distribution
and Service Plans under Rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act. Under the
Plans and the Distribution Agreement, PIMS pays the expenses of distributing the
Fund's Class A, B, C and Z shares and provides certain shareholder support
services. The Fund pays distribution and other fees to PIMS as compensation for
its services for each class of shares other than Class Z. These fees -- known as
12b-1 fees -- are shown in the "Shareholder Fees and Expenses" table.
YEAR 2000 READINESS DISCLOSURE
Many computer systems used today cannot distinguish the year 2000 from the year
1900 because of the way dates are encoded. This could be a problem when the year
2000 arrives and could affect securities trades, interest and dividend payments,
pricing and account services. Although we cannot guarantee that this will not be
a problem, the Fund's service providers have been working on adapting their
computer systems. [They expect that their systems, and the systems of their
service providers, will be ready for the year 2000.]
In addition, issuers of securities may also encounter year 2000 compliance
problems. If these problems are significant and are not corrected, securities
markets could go down or issuers could have poor performance. If the Fund owns
these securities, then it is possible that the Fund could lose money.
13
<PAGE>
Fund Distributions
and Tax Issues
Investors who buy shares of the Fund should be aware of some important tax
issues. For example, while the Fund tries to reduce their amount, the Fund
distributes DIVIDENDS of ordinary income and any realized net CAPITAL GAINS to
shareholders. These distributions are subject to taxes, unless you hold your
shares in a 401(k) plan, an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or some other
qualified tax-deferred plan or account. THE FUND IS DESIGNED FOR LONG-TERM
TAXABLE INVESTORS.
Also, if you sell shares of the Fund for a profit, you may have to pay
capital gains taxes on the amount of your profit, again unless you hold your
shares in a qualified tax-deferred plan or account.
The following briefly discusses some of the important federal tax issues you
should be aware of, but is not meant to be tax advice. For tax advice, please
speak with your tax adviser.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund may realize taxable gains even though it tries to reduce them. The Fund
also tries to reduce taxable dividend distributions, but believes it will
distribute some taxable income.
The Fund distributes DIVIDENDS of any net investment income to shareholders
once a year. For example, if the Fund owns ACME Corp. stock and the stock pays a
dividend, the Fund will pay out a portion of this dividend to its shareholders,
assuming the Fund's income is more than its costs and expenses. The dividends
you receive from the Fund will be taxed as ordinary income, whether or not they
are reinvested in the Fund.
The Fund also distributes realized net CAPITAL GAINS to shareholders --
typically once a year -- which are generated when the Fund sells its assets for
a profit. For example, if the Fund bought 100 shares of ACME Corp. stock for a
total of $1,000 and more than one year later sold the shares for a total of
$1,500, the Fund has net long-term capital gains of $500, which it will pass on
to shareholders (assuming the Fund's total gains are greater than any losses it
may have). Capital gains are taxed differently depending on how long the Fund
holds the security -- if a security is held more than one year before it is
sold, LONG-TERM capital gains are taxed at the rate of 20%, but if the security
is held one year or less, SHORT-TERM capital gains are taxed at rates up to
39.6%. Different rates apply to corporate shareholders.
For your convenience, Fund distributions of dividends and capital gains are
AUTOMATICALLY REINVESTED in the Fund without any sales charge. If you
14
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
Fund Distributions
and Tax Issues
ask us to pay the distributions in cash, we will send you a check if your
account is with the Transfer Agent. Otherwise, if your account is with a broker
you will receive a credit to your account. Either way, the distributions may be
subject to taxes, unless your shares are held in a qualified tax-deferred plan
or account. For more information about automatic reinvestment and other
shareholder services, see "Step 4: Additional Shareholder Services" in the next
section.
TAX ISSUES
FORM 1099
Every year, you will receive a Form 1099, which reports the amount of dividends
and capital gains we distributed to you during the prior year. If you own shares
of the Fund as part of a qualified tax-deferred plan or account, your taxes are
deferred, so you will not receive a Form 1099. However, you will receive a Form
1099 when you take any distributions from your qualified tax-deferred plan or
account.
Fund distributions are generally taxable to you in the year they are
received, except when we declare certain dividends in the fourth quarter and
actually pay them in January of the following year. In such cases, the dividends
are treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the prior year. Corporate
shareholders are eligible for the 70% dividends-received deduction for certain
dividends.
WITHHOLDING TAXES
If federal tax law requires you to provide the Fund with your tax identification
number and certifications as to your tax status, and you fail to do this, we
will withhold and pay to the U.S. Treasury 31% of your distributions and sale
proceeds. If you are subject to backup withholding, we will withhold and pay to
the U.S. Treasury 31% of your distributions. Dividends of net investment income
and short-term capital gains paid to a nonresident foreign shareholder generally
will be subject to a U.S. withholding tax of 30%. This rate may be lower,
depending on any tax treaty the U.S. may have with the shareholder's country.
15
<PAGE>
Fund Distributions
and Tax Issues
IF YOU PURCHASE JUST BEFORE RECORD DATE
If you buy shares of the Fund just before the record date (the date that
determines who receives the distribution), that distribution will be paid to
you. As explained above, the distribution may be subject to income or capital
gains taxes. You may think you've done well since you bought shares one day and
soon thereafter received a distribution. That is not so because when dividends
are paid out, the value of each share of the Fund decreases by the amount of the
dividend and the market changes (if any) to reflect the payout. The distribution
you receive makes up for the decrease in share value. However, the timing of
your purchase does mean that part of your investment came back to you as taxable
income.
QUALIFIED RETIREMENT PLANS
Retirement plans and accounts allow you to defer paying taxes on investment
income and capital gains. Contributions to these plans may also be tax
deductible, although distributions from these plans generally are taxable. In
the case of Roth IRA accounts, contributions are not tax deductible, but
distributions from the plan may be tax-free. Please contact your financial
adviser for information on a variety of [Prudential Mutual Funds that are
suitable for] retirement plans offered by Prudential.
IF YOU SELL OR EXCHANGE YOUR SHARES
If you sell any shares of the Fund for a profit, you have REALIZED A CAPITAL
GAIN, which is subject to tax, unless you hold shares in a qualified tax-
deferred plan or account. The amount of tax you pay depends on how long you
owned your shares. If you sell shares of the Fund for a loss, you may have a
capital loss, which you may use to offset certain capital gains you have.
Exchanging your shares of the Fund for the shares of another Prudential
Mutual Fund is considered a sale for tax purposes. In other words, it's a
[CHART]
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PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
Fund Distributions
and Tax Issues
"taxable event." Therefore, if the shares you exchanged have increased in value
since you purchased them, you have capital gains, which are subject to the taxes
described above.
Any gain or loss you may have from selling or exchanging Fund shares will
not be reported on the Form 1099. Therefore, unless you hold your shares in a
qualified tax-deferred plan or account, you or your financial adviser should
keep track of the dates on which you buy and sell -- or exchange -- Fund shares,
as well as the amount of any gain or loss on each transaction. For tax advice,
please see your tax adviser.
AUTOMATIC CONVERSION OF CLASS B SHARES
We have obtained a legal opinion that the conversion of Class B shares into
Class A shares -- which happens automatically approximately seven years after
purchase -- is not a "taxable event" because it does not involve an actual sale
of your Class B shares. This opinion, however, is not binding on the IRS. For
more information about the automatic conversion of Class B shares, see "Class B
Shares Convert to Class A Shares After Approximately Seven Years" in the next
section.
17
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
INITIAL OFFERING OF SHARES
PIMS will solicit subscriptions for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class Z shares
of the Fund during a subscription period beginning January 28, 1999 and expected
to end February 26, 1999. Fund shares subscribed for during this time will be
issued at a net asset value of $10.00 per share on a closing date expected to
occur on March 22, 1999. An initial sales charge of 5% (5.26% of the net amount
invested) is imposed on each transaction in Class A shares. This initial sales
charge may be reduced, depending on the amount of the purchase as shown in the
table under "Reducing or Waiving Class A's Initial Sales Charge." An initial
sales charge of 1% (1.01% of the net amount invested) is imposed on each
transaction in Class C shares. Your broker will notify you of the end of the
subscription period. Payment for Fund shares will be due within three days. If
you send an order during the subscription period along with payment, your money
will be returned unless you allow the money to be invested in Prudential
MoneyMart Assets, Inc. (MoneyMart Fund), a money market fund. If this is your
first investment in MoneyMart Fund, all amounts received and invested in
MoneyMart Fund, including any dividends received on these funds, will be
automatically invested in this Fund on the closing date. If you previously owned
shares of MoneyMart Fund, dividends accrued on your shares will not be exchanged
for Fund shares. You will not receive share certificates. The minimum initial
investment is $1,000 for Class A and Class B shares and $2,500 for Class C
shares. There are no minimum investment requirements for Class Z shares
and for certain retirement and employee savings plans or custodial accounts for
minors.
If you subscribe for shares, you will not have any rights as a shareholder
of the Fund until your shares are paid for and their issuance has been reflected
in the Fund's books. We reserve the right to withdraw, modify or terminate the
initial offering without notice and to refuse any order in whole or in part. We
anticipate that a continuous offering of Fund shares will begin on March 22,
1999.
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PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
HOW TO BUY SHARES
STEP 1: OPEN AN ACCOUNT
If you don't have an account with us or a securities firm that is permitted to
buy or sell shares of the Fund for you, call Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC
(PMFS) at (800) 225-1852 or contact:
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUND SERVICES LLC
ATTN: INVESTMENT SERVICES
P.O. BOX 15020
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08906-5020
To purchase by wire, call the number above to obtain an application. After
PMFS receives your completed application, you will receive an account number.
For additional information about purchasing shares of the Fund, see the back
cover page of this prospectus. We have the right to reject any purchase order
(including an exchange into the Fund) or suspend or modify the Fund's sale of
its shares.
STEP 2: CHOOSE A SHARE CLASS
Individual investors can choose among Class A, Class B, Class C and Class Z
shares of the Fund, although Class Z shares are available only to a limited
group of investors.
Multiple share classes let you choose a cost structure that better meets
your needs. With Class A shares, you pay the sales charge at the time of
purchase, but the operating expenses each year are lower than the expenses of
Class B and Class C shares. With Class B shares, you only pay a sales charge if
you sell your shares within six years (that is why it is called a Contingent
Deferred Sales Charge, or CDSC), but the operating expenses each year are higher
than the Class A share expenses. With Class C shares, you pay a 1% front-end
sales charge and a 1% CDSC if you sell within 18 months of purchase, but the
operating expenses are also higher than the expenses for Class A shares.
When choosing a share class, you should consider the following:
V The amount of your investment
V The length of time you expect to hold the shares and the impact of the
varying distribution fees
V The different sales charges that apply to each share class --
19
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
Class A's front-end sales charge vs. Class B's CDSC vs. Class C's low
front-end sales charge and low CDSC
V Whether you qualify for any reduction or waiver of sales charges
V The fact that Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares
approximately seven years after purchase
V Whether you qualify to purchase Class Z shares
See "How to Sell Your Shares" for a description of the impact of CDSCs.
SHARE CLASS COMPARISON. Use this chart to help you compare the Fund's different
share classes. The discussion following this chart will tell you whether you are
entitled to a reduction or waiver of any sales charges.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS C CLASS Z
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum purchase amount(1) $1,000 $1,000 $2,500 None
Minimum amount for $100 $100 $100 None
subsequent purchases(1)
Maximum initial sales charge 5% of the None 1% of the None
public public
offering price offering price
Contingent Deferred Sales None If sold 1% on sales None
Charge (CDSC)(2) during: made within 18
Year 1 5% months of
Year 2 4% purchase(2)
Year 3 3%
Year 4 2%
Year 5/6 1%
Year 7 0%
Annual distribution and .30 of 1% (.25 1% 1% None
service (12b-1) fees shown of 1%
as a percentage of average currently)
net assets(3)
</TABLE>
1 THE MINIMUM INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS DO NOT APPLY TO CERTAIN RETIREMENT AND
EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS AND CUSTODIAL ACCOUNTS FOR MINORS. THE MINIMUM
INITIAL AND SUBSEQUENT INVESTMENT FOR PURCHASES MADE THROUGH THE AUTOMATIC
INVESTMENT PLAN IS $50. FOR MORE INFORMATION, SEE "ADDITIONAL SHAREHOLDER
SERVICES -- AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT PLAN."
2 FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE CDSC AND HOW IT IS CALCULATED, SEE
"CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES (CDSC)."
20
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
3 THESE DISTRIBUTION FEES ARE PAID FROM THE FUND'S ASSETS ON A CONTINUOUS
BASIS. OVER TIME, THE FEES WILL INCREASE THE COST OF YOUR INVESTMENT AND
MAY COST YOU MORE THAN PAYING OTHER TYPES OF SALES CHARGES. THE SERVICE FEE
FOR CLASS A, CLASS B AND CLASS C SHARES IS .25 OF 1%. THE DISTRIBUTION FEE
FOR CLASS A SHARES IS LIMITED TO .30 OF 1% (INCLUDING THE .25 OF 1% SERVICE
FEE) AND IS .75 OF 1% FOR CLASS B AND CLASS C SHARES.
</TABLE>
REDUCING OR WAIVING CLASS A'S INITIAL SALES CHARGE
The following describes the different ways investors can reduce or avoid paying
Class A's initial sales charge.
INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF YOUR INVESTMENT. You can reduce Class A's sales charge by
increasing the amount of your investment. This table shows you how the sales
charge decreases as the amount of your investment increases.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
SALES CHARGE AS % OF SALES CHARGE AS % OF DEALER
AMOUNT OF PURCHASE OFFERING PRICE AMOUNT INVESTED REALLOWANCE
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Less than $25,000 5.00% 5.26% 4.75%
$25,000 to $49,999 4.50% 4.71% 4.25%
$50,000 to $99,999 4.00% 4.17% 3.75%
$100,000 to $249,999 3.25% 3.36% 3.00%
$250,000 to $499,999 2.50% 2.56% 2.40%
$500,000 to $999,999 2.00% 2.04% 1.90%
$1 million and above(1) None None None
</TABLE>
1 IF YOU INVEST $1 MILLION OR MORE, YOU CAN BUY ONLY CLASS A SHARES, UNLESS
YOU QUALIFY TO BUY CLASS Z SHARES.
To satisfy the purchase amounts above, you can:
V invest with an eligible group of related investors;
V buy the Class A shares of two or more Prudential Mutual Funds at the
same time;
V use your RIGHTS OF ACCUMULATION, which allow you to combine the value
of Prudential Mutual Fund shares you already own with the value of the
shares you are purchasing for purposes of determining the applicable
sales charge (note: you must notify the Transfer Agent if you qualify
for Rights of Accumulation); or
21
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
V sign a LETTER OF INTENT, stating in writing that you or an eligible
group of related investors will purchase a certain amount of shares in
the Fund and other Prudential Mutual Funds within 13 months.
BENEFIT PLANS. Benefit Plans can avoid Class A's initial sales charge if the
Benefit Plan has existing assets of at least $1 million invested in shares of
Prudential Mutual Funds (excluding money market funds other than those acquired
under the exchange privilege) or 250 eligible employees or participants. For
these purposes, a Benefit Plan is a pension, profit-sharing or other employee
benefit plan qualified under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code, a
deferred compensation or annuity plan under Sections 403(b) and 457 of the
Internal Revenue Code, a "rabbi" trust, or a non-qualified deferred compensation
plan sponsored by an employer that has a tax-qualified benefit plan with
Prudential. Class A shares may also be purchased without a sales charge by
participants who are repaying loans from Benefit Plans where Prudential (or its
affiliates) provides administrative or recordkeeping services, sponsors the
product or provides account services.
Certain Prudential retirement programs -- such as PruArray Association
Benefit Plans and PruArray Savings Programs -- may also be exempt from Class A's
sales charge. For more information, see the SAI or contact your financial
adviser. In addition, waivers are available to investors in certain programs
sponsored by brokers, investment advisers and financial planners who have
agreements with Prudential Investments Advisory Group relating to:
V Mutual fund "wrap" or asset allocation programs where the sponsor
places Fund trades and charges its clients a management, consulting or
other fee for its services; and
V Mutual fund "supermarket" programs where the sponsor links its
customers' accounts to a master account in the sponsor's name and the
sponsor charges a fee for its services.
OTHER TYPES OF INVESTORS. Other investors pay no sales charges, including
certain officers, employees or agents of Prudential and its affiliates,
Prudential Mutual Funds, the subadvisers of the Prudential Mutual Funds and
clients of brokers that have entered into a selected dealer agreement with the
Distributor. To qualify for a reduction or waiver of the sales charge, you must
notify the Transfer Agent or your broker at the time of purchase. For more
22
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
information about reducing or eliminating Class A's sales charge, see the SAI,
"Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Fund Shares -- Reduction and Waiver of
Initial Sales Charges -- Class A Shares."
WAIVING CLASS C'S INITIAL SALES CHARGE
BENEFIT PLANS. Benefit Plans (as defined above) may purchase Class C shares
without paying an initial sales charge. Class C shares may also be purchased
without an initial sales charge by participants who are repaying loans from
Benefit Plans where Prudential (or its affiliates) provides administrative or
recordkeeping services, sponsors the product or provides account services.
PRUDENTIAL RETIREMENT PLANS. The initial sales charge will be waived for
purchases of Class C shares by both qualified and non-qualified retirement and
deferred compensation plans participating in the PruArray Plan and other plans
if Prudential also provides administrative or recordkeeping services.
INVESTMENT OF REDEMPTION PROCEEDS FROM OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The initial
sales charge will be waived for purchases of Class C shares if the purchase is
made with money from the redemption of shares of any unaffiliated investment
company, as long as the shares were not held in an account at Prudential
Securities Incorporated or one of its affiliates. These purchases must be made
within 60 days of the redemption. To qualify for this waiver, you must:
V purchase your shares through an account at Prudential Securities
V purchase your shares through an ADVANTAGE Account or an Investor
Account with Pruco Securities Corporation
V purchase your shares through another broker
This waiver is not available to investors who purchase shares directly from
the Transfer Agent. If you are entitled to the waiver, you must notify either
the Transfer Agent or your broker. The Transfer Agent may require any supporting
documents it considers to be appropriate.
23
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
QUALIFYING FOR CLASS Z SHARES
Class Z shares of the Fund can be purchased by any of the following:
V Any Benefit Plan as defined above, and certain non-qualified plans,
provided the Benefit Plan -- in combination with other plans sponsored
by the same employer or group of related employers -- has at least $50
million in defined contribution assets
V Participants in any fee-based program or trust program sponsored by
Prudential or an affiliate which includes mutual funds as investment
options and the Fund as an available option
V Certain participants in the MEDLEY Program (group variable annuity
contracts) sponsored by Prudential for whom Class Z shares of the
Prudential Mutual Funds are an available option
V Benefit Plans for which an affiliate of the Distributor provides
administrative or recordkeeping services and as of September 20, 1996
were either Class Z shareholders of the Prudential Mutual Funds or
executed a letter of intent to purchase Class Z shares of the
Prudential Mutual Funds
V Current and former Directors/Trustees of the Prudential Mutual Funds
(including the Fund)
V Employees of Prudential and/or Prudential Securities who participate
in a Prudential-sponsored employee savings plan
V Prudential with an investment of $10 million or more
In connection with the sale of shares, the Manager, the Distributor or one
of their affiliates may pay brokers, financial advisers and other persons a
commission of up to 4% of the purchase price for Class B shares, up to 2% of the
purchase price for Class C shares and a finder's fee for Class Z shares from
their own resources based on a percentage of the net asset value of shares sold
or otherwise.
CLASS B SHARES CONVERT TO CLASS A SHARES AFTER APPROXIMATELY SEVEN YEARS
If you buy Class B shares and hold them for approximately seven years, we will
automatically convert them into Class A shares without charge. At that time, we
will also convert any Class B shares that you purchased with reinvested
dividends and other distributions. Since the 12b-1 fees for Class A shares are
lower than for Class B shares, converting to Class A shares lowers your Fund
expenses.
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PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
When we do the conversion, you will get fewer Class A shares than the number
of Class B shares converted if the price of the Class A shares is higher than
the price of Class B shares. The total dollar value will be the same, so you
will not have lost any money by getting fewer Class A shares. We do the
conversions quarterly, not on the anniversary date of your purchase. For more
information, see the SAI, "Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Fund
Shares -- Conversion Feature -- Class B Shares."
STEP 3: UNDERSTANDING THE PRICE YOU'LL PAY
The price you pay for each share of the Fund is based on the share value. The
share value of a mutual fund -- known as the NET ASSET VALUE or NAV -- is
determined by a simple calculation -- it's the total value of the Fund (assets
minus liabilities) divided by the total number of shares outstanding. For
example, if the value of the investments held by Fund XYZ (minus its expenses)
is $1,000 and there are 100 shares of Fund XYZ owned by shareholders, the price
of one share of the fund -- or the NAV -- is $10 ($1,000 divided by 100).
Portfolio securities are valued based upon market quotations or, if not readily
available, at fair value as determined in good faith under procedures
established by the Fund's Board. Most national newspapers report the NAVs of
most mutual funds, which allows investors to check the price of mutual funds
daily.
We determine the NAV of our shares once each business day at 4:15 p.m. New
York Time on days that the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading. We do
not determine NAV on days when we have not received any orders to purchase, sell
or exchange Fund shares, or when changes in the value of the Fund's portfolio do
not materially affect the NAV.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
MUTUAL FUND SHARES
The NAV of mutual fund shares changes every day because the value of a fund's
portfolio changes constantly. For example, if Fund XYZ holds ACME Corp. stock in
its portfolio and the price of ACME stock goes up, while the value of the fund's
other holdings remains the same and expenses don't change, the NAV of Fund XYZ
will increase.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
25
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
WHAT PRICE WILL YOU PAY FOR SHARES OF THE FUND?
For Class A and Class C shares, you'll pay the public offering price, which is
NAV next determined after we receive your order to purchase, plus an initial
sales charge (unless you're entitled to a waiver). For Class B and Class Z
shares, you will pay the NAV next determined after we receive your order to
purchase (remember, there are no up-front sales charges for these share
classes). Your broker may charge you a separate or additional fee for purchases
of shares.
STEP 4: ADDITIONAL SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
As a Fund shareholder, you can take advantage of the following services and
privileges:
AUTOMATIC REINVESTMENT. As we explained in the "Fund Distributions and Tax
Issues" section, the Fund pays out -- or distributes -- its net investment
income and capital gains to all shareholders. For your convenience, we will
automatically reinvest your distributions in the Fund at NAV, without any sales
charge. If you want your distributions paid in cash, you can indicate this
preference on your application, notify your broker or notify the Transfer Agent
in writing (at the address below) at least five business days before the date we
determine who receives dividends:
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUND SERVICES LLC
ATTN: ACCOUNT MAINTENANCE
P.O. BOX 15015
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08906-5015
AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT PLAN. You can make regular purchases of the Fund for as
little as $50 by having the funds automatically withdrawn from your bank or
brokerage account at specified intervals.
RETIREMENT PLAN SERVICES. Prudential offers a wide variety of retirement plans
for individuals and institutions, including large and small businesses. For
information on IRAs, including Roth IRAs, or SEP-IRAs for a one-person business,
please contact your financial adviser. If you are interested in opening a 401(k)
or other company-sponsored retirement plan (SIMPLES,
26
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
SEP plans, Keoghs, 403(b)(7) plans, pension and profit-sharing plans), your
financial adviser will help you determine which retirement plan best meets your
needs. Complete instructions about how to establish and maintain your plan and
how to open accounts for you and your employees will be included in the
retirement plan kit you receive in the mail.
THE PRUTECTOR PROGRAM. Optional group term life insurance -- which protects the
value of your Prudential Mutual Fund investment for your beneficiaries against
market declines -- is available to investors who purchase their shares through
Prudential. This insurance is subject to various restrictions and charges and is
not available in all states.
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN. A systematic withdrawal plan is available that will
provide you with monthly or quarterly checks. Remember, the sale of Class B and
Class C shares may be subject to a CDSC.
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS. Every year we will send you an annual report (along
with an updated prospectus) and a semi-annual report, which contain important
financial information about the Fund. To reduce Fund expenses, we will send one
annual shareholder report, one semi-annual shareholder report and one annual
prospectus per household, unless you instruct us or your broker otherwise.
HOW TO SELL YOUR SHARES
You can sell your shares of the Fund for cash (in the form of a check) at any
time, subject to certain restrictions.
When you sell shares of the Fund -- also known as redeeming your
shares -- the price you will receive will be the NAV next determined after the
Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker receives your order to sell. If
your broker holds your shares, he must receive your order to sell by 4:15 p.m.
New York Time to process the sale on that day. Otherwise, contact:
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUND SERVICES LLC
ATTN: REDEMPTION SERVICES
P.O. BOX 15010
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08906-5010
27
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
Generally, we will pay you for the shares that you sell within seven days
after the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker receives your sell
order. If you hold shares through a broker, payment will be credited to your
account. If you are selling shares you recently purchased with a check, we may
delay sending you the sale proceeds until your check clears, which can take up
to 10 days from your purchase date. You can avoid delays if you purchase shares
by wire, certified check or cashier's check. Your broker may charge you a
separate or additional fee for sales of shares.
RESTRICTIONS ON SALES
There are certain times when you may not be able to sell shares of the Fund, or
when we may delay paying you the proceeds from a sale. This may happen during
unusual market conditions or emergencies when the Fund can't determine the value
of its assets or sell its holdings. For more information, see the SAI,
"Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Fund Shares -- Sale of Shares."
If you are selling more than $50,000 of shares, you want the check sent to
someone or some place that is not in our records or you are a business or a
trust and if you hold your shares directly with the Transfer Agent, you may have
to have the signature on your sell order guaranteed by a financial institution.
For more information, see the SAI, "Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Fund
Shares -- Sale of Shares -- Signature Guarantee."
CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES (CDSC)
If you sell Class B shares within six years of purchase or Class C shares within
18 months of purchase, you will have to pay a CDSC. To keep the CDSC as low as
possible, we will sell amounts representing shares in the following order:
V Amounts representing shares you purchased with reinvested dividends
and distributions
V Amounts representing shares that represent the increase in NAV above
the total amount of payments for shares made during the past six years
for Class B shares and 18 months for Class C shares
V Amounts representing the cost of shares held beyond the CDSC period
(six years for Class B shares and 18 months for Class C shares)
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PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
Since shares that fall into any of the categories listed above are not
subject to the CDSC, selling them first helps you to avoid -- or at least
minimize -- the CDSC.
Having sold the exempt shares first, if there are any remaining shares that
are subject to the CDSC, we will apply the CDSC to amounts representing the cost
of shares held for the longest period of time within the applicable CDSC period.
As we noted before in the "Share Class Comparison" chart, the CDSC for Class
B shares is 5% in the first year, 4% in the second, 3% in the third, 2% in the
fourth and 1% in the fifth and sixth years. The rate decreases on the first day
of the month following the anniversary date of your purchase, not on the
anniversary date itself. The CDSC is 1% for Class C shares -- which is applied
to shares sold within 18 months of purchase. For both Class B and Class C
shares, the CDSC is the lesser of the original purchase price or the redemption
proceeds. For purposes of determining how long you've held your shares, all
purchases during the month are grouped together and considered to have been made
on the last day of the month.
The holding period for purposes of determining the applicable CDSC will be
calculated from the first day of the month after initial purchase, excluding any
time shares were held in a money market fund.
WAIVER OF THE CDSC -- CLASS B SHARES
The CDSC will be waived if the Class B shares are sold:
V After a shareholder is deceased or disabled (or, in the case of a
trust account, the death or disability of the grantor). This waiver
applies to individual shareholders, as well as shares owned in joint
tenancy (with rights of survivorship), provided the shares were
purchased before the death or disability
V To provide for certain distributions -- made without IRS penalty --
from a tax-deferred retirement plan, IRA or Section 403(b) custodial
account
V On certain sales from a Systematic Withdrawal Plan
For more information on the above and other waivers, see the SAI, "Purchase,
Redemption and Pricing of Fund Shares -- Waiver of Contingent Deferred Sales
Charges -- Class B Shares."
29
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
WAIVER OF THE CDSC -- CLASS C SHARES
PRUDENTIAL RETIREMENT PLANS. The CDSC will be waived for purchases of Class C
shares by both qualified and non-qualified retirement and deferred compensation
plans participating in the PruArray Plan and other plans if Prudential also
provides administrative or recordkeeping services. The CDSC will also be waived
on redemptions from Benefit Plans sponsored by Prudential and its affiliates to
the extent that the redemption proceeds are invested in The Guaranteed
Investment Account, a group annuity insurance product sponsored by Prudential,
the Guaranteed Insulated Separate Account, a separate account offered by
Prudential, and shares of The Stable Value Fund, an unaffiliated bank collective
fund.
OTHER BENEFIT PLANS. The CDSC will be waived on redemptions from Benefit Plans
holding shares through a broker not affiliated with Prudential and for which the
broker provides administrative or recordkeeping services.
REDEMPTION IN KIND
If the sales of Fund shares you make during any 90-day period reach the lesser
of $250,000 or 1% of the value of the Fund's net assets, we can then give you
securities from the Fund's portfolio instead of cash. If you want to sell the
securities for cash, you would have to pay the costs charged by a broker.
SMALL ACCOUNTS
If you make a sale that reduces your account value to less than $500, we may
sell the rest of your shares (without charging any CDSC) and close your account.
We would do this to minimize the Fund's expenses paid by other shareholders. We
will give you 60 days' notice, during which time you can purchase additional
shares to avoid this action. This involuntary sale does not apply to
shareholders who own their shares as part of a 401(k) plan, an IRA or some other
tax-deferred plan or account.
90-DAY REPURCHASE PRIVILEGE
After you redeem your shares, you have a 90-day period during which you may
reinvest any of the redemption proceeds in shares of the same Fund without
paying an initial sales charge. Also, if you paid a CDSC when you
30
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
redeemed your shares, we will credit your new account with the appropriate
numbers of shares to reflect the amount of the CDSC you paid. In order to take
advantage of this one-time privilege, you must notify the Transfer Agent or your
broker at the time of the repurchase. See the SAI, "Purchase, Redemption and
Pricing of Fund Shares -- Sale of Shares."
RETIREMENT PLANS
To sell shares and receive a distribution from your retirement account, call
your broker or the Transfer Agent for a distribution request form. There are
special distribution and income tax withholding requirements for distributions
from retirement plans and you must submit a withholding form with your request
to avoid delay. If your retirement plan account is held for you by your employer
or plan trustee, you must arrange for the distribution request to be signed and
sent by the plan administrator or trustee. For additional information, see the
SAI.
HOW TO EXCHANGE YOUR SHARES
You can exchange your shares of the Fund for shares of the same class in certain
other Prudential Mutual Funds -- including certain money market funds -- if you
satisfy the minimum investment requirements. For example, you can exchange Class
A shares of the Fund for Class A shares of another Prudential Mutual Fund, but
you can't exchange Class A shares for Class B, Class C or Class Z shares. Class
B and Class C shares may not be exchanged into money market funds other than
Prudential Special Money Market Fund, Inc. After an exchange, at redemption the
CDSC will be calculated from the first day of the month after initial purchase,
excluding any time shares were held in a money market fund. We may change the
terms of the exchange privilege after giving you 60 days' notice.
If you hold shares through a broker, you must exchange shares through your
broker. Otherwise contact:
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUND SERVICES LLC
ATTN: EXCHANGE PROCESSING
P.O. BOX: 15010
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08906-5010
31
<PAGE>
How to Buy, Sell and Exchange
Shares of the Fund
There is no sales charge for such exchanges. However, if you exchange -- and
then sell -- Class B shares within approximately six years of your original
purchase or Class C shares within 18 months of your original purchase, you must
still pay the applicable CDSC. If you have exchanged Class B shares into a money
market fund, the time you hold the shares in the money market account will not
be counted in calculating the required holding period for CDSC liability.
Remember, as we explained in the section entitled "If You Sell or Exchange
Your Shares," exchanging shares is considered a sale for tax purposes.
Therefore, if the shares you exchange are worth more than you paid for them, you
may have to pay capital gains tax. For additional information about exchanging
shares, see the SAI, "Shareholder Investment Account -- Exchange Privilege."
If you own Class B or Class C shares and qualify to purchase either Class A
shares without paying an initial sales charge or Class Z shares, we will
automatically exchange your Class B or Class C shares which are not subject to a
CDSC for Class A or Class Z shares, as appropriate. We make such exchanges on a
quarterly basis if you qualify for this exchange privilege. We have obtained a
legal opinion that this exchange is not a "taxable event" for federal income tax
purposes. This opinion is not binding on the IRS.
FREQUENT TRADING
Frequent trading of Fund shares in response to short-term fluctuations in the
market -- also known as "market timing" -- may make it very difficult to manage
the Fund's investments. When market timing occurs, the Fund may have to sell
portfolio securities to have the cash necessary to redeem the market timer's
shares. This can happen at a time when it is not advantageous to sell any
securities, so the Fund's performance may be hurt. When large dollar amounts are
involved, market timing can also make it difficult to use long-term investment
strategies because we cannot predict how much cash the Fund will have to invest.
When in our opinion such activity would have a disruptive effect on portfolio
management, the Fund reserves the right to refuse purchase orders and exchanges
by any person, group or commonly controlled accounts. The Fund may notify a
market timer of rejection of an exchange or purchase order subsequent to the day
after the order is placed. If the Fund allows a market timer to trade Fund
shares, it may require the market timer to enter into a written agreement to
follow certain procedures and limitations.
32
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
The Prudentia l Mutual Fund Famil y
Prudential offers a broad range of mutual funds designed to meet your individual
needs. For information about these funds, contact your financial adviser or call
us at (800) 225-1852. Read the prospectus carefully before you invest or send
money.
STOCK FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL DISTRESSED SECURITIES FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL EMERGING GROWTH FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL EQUITY FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL EQUITY INCOME FUND
PRUDENTIAL INDEX SERIES FUND
PRUDENTIAL SMALL-CAP INDEX FUND
PRUDENTIAL STOCK INDEX FUND
THE PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS, INC.
PRUDENTIAL JENNISON GROWTH FUND
PRUDENTIAL JENNISON GROWTH & INCOME FUND
PRUDENTIAL MID-CAP VALUE FUND
PRUDENTIAL REAL ESTATE SECURITIES FUND
PRUDENTIAL SMALL-CAP QUANTUM FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL SMALL COMPANY VALUE FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND
PRUDENTIAL 20/20 FOCUS FUND
PRUDENTIAL UTILITY FUND, INC.
NICHOLAS-APPLEGATE FUND, INC.
NICHOLAS-APPLEGATE GROWTH EQUITY FUND
ASSET ALLOCATION/BALANCED FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL BALANCED FUND
PRUDENTIAL DIVERSIFIED FUNDS
CONSERVATIVE GROWTH FUND
MODERATE GROWTH FUND
HIGH GROWTH FUND
THE PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS, INC.
PRUDENTIAL ACTIVE BALANCED FUND
GLOBAL FUNDS
GLOBAL STOCK FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL DEVELOPING MARKETS FUND
PRUDENTIAL DEVELOPING MARKETS EQUITY FUND
PRUDENTIAL LATIN AMERICA EQUITY FUND
PRUDENTIAL EUROPE GROWTH FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL GLOBAL GENESIS FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL INDEX SERIES FUND
PRUDENTIAL EUROPE INDEX FUND
PRUDENTIAL PACIFIC INDEX FUND
PRUDENTIAL NATURAL RESOURCES FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL PACIFIC GROWTH FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL WORLD FUND, INC.
GLOBAL SERIES
INTERNATIONAL STOCK SERIES
GLOBAL UTILITY FUND, INC.
GLOBAL BOND FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL GLOBAL LIMITED MATURITY FUND, INC.
LIMITED MATURITY PORTFOLIO
PRUDENTIAL INTERMEDIATE GLOBAL INCOME FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL INTERNATIONAL BOND FUND, INC.
THE GLOBAL TOTAL RETURN FUND, INC.
33
<PAGE>
BOND FUNDS
TAXABLE BOND FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL DIVERSIFIED BOND FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL GOVERNMENT SECURITIES TRUST
SHORT-INTERMEDIATE TERM SERIES
PRUDENTIAL HIGH YIELD FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL HIGH YIELD TOTAL RETURN FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL INDEX SERIES FUND
PRUDENTIAL BOND MARKET INDEX FUND
PRUDENTIAL STRUCTURED MATURITY FUND, INC.
INCOME PORTFOLIO
TAX-EXEMPT BOND FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL FUND
CALIFORNIA SERIES
CALIFORNIA INCOME SERIES
PRUDENTIAL MUNICIPAL BOND FUND
HIGH INCOME SERIES
INSURED SERIES
PRUDENTIAL MUNICIPAL SERIES FUND
FLORIDA SERIES
MASSACHUSETTS SERIES
NEW JERSEY SERIES
NEW YORK SERIES
NORTH CAROLINA SERIES
OHIO SERIES
PENNSYLVANIA SERIES
PRUDENTIAL NATIONAL MUNICIPALS FUND, INC.
MONEY MARKET FUNDS
TAXABLE MONEY MARKET FUNDS
CASH ACCUMULATION TRUST
LIQUID ASSETS FUND
NATIONAL MONEY MARKET FUND
PRUDENTIAL GOVERNMENT SECURITIES TRUST
MONEY MARKET SERIES
U.S. TREASURY MONEY MARKET SERIES
PRUDENTIAL SPECIAL MONEY MARKET FUND, INC.
MONEY MARKET SERIES
PRUDENTIAL MONEYMART ASSETS, INC.
TAX-FREE MONEY MARKET FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL TAX-FREE MONEY FUND, INC.
PRUDENTIAL CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL FUND
CALIFORNIA MONEY MARKET SERIES
PRUDENTIAL MUNICIPAL SERIES FUND
CONNECTICUT MONEY MARKET SERIES
MASSACHUSETTS MONEY MARKET SERIES
NEW JERSEY MONEY MARKET SERIES
NEW YORK MONEY MARKET SERIES
COMMAND FUNDS
COMMAND MONEY FUND
COMMAND GOVERNMENT FUND
COMMAND TAX-FREE FUND
INSTITUTIONAL MONEY MARKET FUNDS
PRUDENTIAL INSTITUTIONAL LIQUIDITY PORTFOLIO, INC.
INSTITUTIONAL MONEY MARKET SERIES
34
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND [LOGO] (800) 225-1852
<PAGE>
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please read this prospectus before you invest in the Fund and keep it for future
reference. For information or shareholder questions contact:
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUND SERVICES LLC
P.O. BOX 15005
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08906-5005
(800) 225-1852
(732) 417-7555
(if calling from outside the U.S.)
- --------------------------------
Outside Brokers should contact:
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICES LLC
P.O. BOX 15035
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08906-5035
(800) 778-8769
- ------------------------------------
Visit Prudential's web site at
HTTP://WWW.PRUDENTIAL.COM
- ------------------------------------
Additional information about the Fund can be obtained without charge and can be
found in the following documents:
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
(incorporated by reference into this prospectus)
ANNUAL REPORT
(contains a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that
significantly affected the Fund's performance)
SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT
You can also obtain copies of Fund documents from the Securities and Exchange
Commission as follows:
By Mail:
Securities and Exchange Commission
Public Reference Section
Washington, DC 20549-6009
(The SEC charges a fee to copy documents.)
In Person:
Public Reference Room in
Washington, DC
(For hours of operation, call 1(800) SEC-0330.)
Via the Internet:
http://www.sec.gov
- --------------------------------
CUSIP Numbers:
Class A:
Class B:
Class C:
Class Z:
Investment Company Act File No:
811-09101
MF A
<PAGE>
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DATED , 1999
Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund (the Fund) is a diversified, open-end,
management investment company. The investment objective of the Fund is long-term
after-tax growth of capital. It seeks to achieve this objective by investing
primarily in common stock and convertible securities of large and medium-sized
U.S. companies. The Fund seeks to maximize long-term capital appreciation and to
reduce taxable distributions to its shareholders. There can be no assurance that
the Fund's investment objective will be achieved. See "Description of the Fund,
Its Investments and Risks."
The Fund's address is Gateway Center Three, 100 Mulberry Street, Newark, New
Jersey 07102-4077, and its telephone number is (800) 225-1852.
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus and should be
read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the Fund dated , 1999, a
copy of which may be obtained from the Fund upon request.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
---------
<S> <C> <C>
Fund History....................................................................................... B-2
Description of the Fund, Its Investments and Risks................................................. B-2
Investment Restrictions............................................................................ B-17
Management of the Fund............................................................................. B-18
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities................................................ B-22
Investment Advisory and Other Services............................................................. B-22
Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices........................................................... B-25
Capital Shares, Other Securities and Organization.................................................. B-27
Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Fund Shares.................................................... B-27
Shareholder Investment Account..................................................................... B-37
Net Asset Value.................................................................................... B-42
Taxes, Dividends and Distributions................................................................. B-43
Performance Information............................................................................ B-45
Statement of Assets and Liabilities................................................................ B-49
Report of Independent Accountants.................................................................. B-51
Appendix I--General Investment Information......................................................... I-1
Appendix II--Historical Performance Data........................................................... II-1
Appendix III--Information Relating to Prudential................................................... III-1
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MF
<PAGE>
FUND HISTORY
The Fund was organized as a Delaware business trust on September 21, 1998.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND, ITS INVESTMENTS AND RISKS
(a) CLASSIFICATION. The Fund is a diversified, open-end, management investment
company.
(b) AND (c) INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, POLICIES AND RISKS. The investment objective
of the Fund is long-term after-tax growth of capital. While the principal
investment policies and strategies for seeking to achieve this objective are
described in the Fund's Prospectus, the Fund may from time to time also use the
securities, instruments, policies and strategies described below in seeking to
achieve its objective. The Fund may not be successful in achieving its objective
and you could lose money.
EQUITY-RELATED SECURITIES
Under normal market conditions, the Fund intends to invest primarily in
equity-related securities of U.S. companies. Equity-related securities include
common stocks as well as preferred stocks, securities convertible into or
exchangeable for common or preferred stocks, equity investments in partnerships,
joint ventures and other forms of non-corporate investment, American Depositary
Receipts (ADRs), American Depositary Shares (ADSs) and warrants and rights
exercisable for equity securities. Purchased options are not considered equity
securities for these purposes. ADRs and ADSs are U.S. dollar-denominated
certificates or shares issued by a United States bank or trust company and
represent the right to receive securities of a foreign issuer deposited in a
domestic bank or foreign branch of a United States bank and traded on a United
States exchange or in the over-the-counter market. A convertible security is
typically a bond, debenture, corporate note or preferred stock or other similar
security that may be converted at a stated price within a specified period of
time into a specified number of shares of common stock or other equity
securities of the same or a different issuer. A warrant or right entitles the
holder to purchase equity securities at a specific price for a specific period
of time.
AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS AND AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES. Generally, ADRs
and ADSs are in registered form. There are no fees imposed on the purchase or
sale of ADRs and ADSs when purchased from the issuing bank or trust company in
the initial underwriting, although the issuing bank or trust company may impose
charges for the collection of dividends and the conversion of ADRs and ADSs into
the underlying securities. Investment in ADRs and ADSs has certain advantages
over direct investment in the underlying foreign securities since: (1) ADRs and
ADSs are U.S. dollar-denominated investments that are registered domestically,
easily transferable, and for which market quotations are readily available, and
(2) issuers whose securities are represented by ADRs and ADSs are usually
subject to auditing, accounting, and financial reporting standards comparable to
those of domestic issuers.
WARRANTS AND RIGHTS. A warrant gives the holder thereof the right to
subscribe by a specified date to a stated number of shares of stock of the
issuer at a fixed price. Warrants tend to be more volatile than the underlying
stock, and if, at a warrant's expiration date the stock is trading at a price
below the price set in the warrant, the warrant will expire worthless.
Conversely, if at the expiration date, the underlying stock is trading at a
price higher than the price set in the warrant, the Fund can acquire the stock
at a price below its market value. Rights are similar to warrants but normally
have a shorter duration and are distributed directly by the issuer to
shareholders. Rights and warrants have no voting rights, receive no dividends
and have no rights with respect to the corporation issuing them.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES. The Fund is permitted to invest in U.S. Treasury
securities, including bills, notes, bonds and other debt securities issued by
the U.S. Treasury. These instruments are direct obligations of the U.S.
Government and, as such, are backed by the "full faith and credit" of the United
States. They differ primarily in their interest rates, the lengths of their
maturities and the dates of their issuances.
SECURITIES ISSUED OR GUARANTEED BY U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND
INSTRUMENTALITIES. The Fund may invest in securities issued by agencies of the
U.S. Government or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government. These obligations,
including those which are guaranteed by Federal agencies or instrumentalities,
may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
Obligations of the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Farmers
Home Administration and the Small Business Administration are backed by the full
faith and credit of the United States. In the case of securities not backed by
the full faith and credit of the United States, the Fund must look principally
to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment and
may not be able to assert a claim against the United States if the agency or
instrumentality does not meet its commitments. Securities in which the Fund may
invest which are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States
include obligations such as those issued by the Federal Home Loan Bank, the
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), the Federal National Mortgage
Association, the Student Loan Marketing Association, Resolution Funding
Corporation and the
B-2
<PAGE>
Tennessee Valley Authority, each of which has the right to borrow from the U.S.
Treasury to meet its obligations, and obligations of the Farm Credit System, the
obligations of which may be satisfied only by the individual credit of the
issuing agency. FHLMC investments may include collateralized mortgage
obligations.
Obligations issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S.
Government may be acquired by the Fund in the form of custodial receipts that
evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on
certain U.S. Treasury notes or bonds. Such notes and bonds are held in custody
by a bank on behalf of the owners. These custodial receipts are commonly
referred to as Treasury strips.
The values of U.S. Government securities (like those of other fixed-income
securities generally) will change as interest rates fluctuate. During periods of
falling U.S. interest rates, the values of U.S. Government securities generally
rise and, conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the values of
such securities generally decline. The magnitude of these fluctuations will
generally be greater for securities with longer-term maturities.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS
The Fund may invest in securities of real estate investment trusts or REITs.
Unlike corporations, REITs do not have to pay income taxes if they meet certain
requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Internal Revenue
Code). To qualify, a REIT must distribute at least 95% of its taxable income to
its shareholders and receive at least 75% of that income from rents, mortgages
and sales of property. REITs offer investors greater liquidity and
diversification than direct ownership of a handful of properties, as well as
greater income potential than an investment in common stock. Like any investment
in real estate, though, a REIT's performance depends on several factors, such as
its ability to find tenants for its properties, to renew leases and to finance
property purchases and renovations.
FIXED-INCOME INVESTMENTS
The Fund may invest up to 5% of its total assets in any type or quality of
debt obligations.
FOREIGN SECURITIES
The Fund may invest up to 35% of its total assets in foreign securities.
If the security is denominated in a foreign currency, it will be affected by
changes in currency exchange rates and in exchange control regulations, and
costs will be incurred in connection with conversions between currencies. A
change in the value of any such currency against the U.S. dollar will result in
a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's securities
denominated in that currency. Such changes also will affect the Fund's income
and distributions to shareholders. In addition, although the Fund will receive
income in such currencies, the Fund will be required to compute and distribute
its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the exchange rate for any such
currency declines after the Fund's income has been accrued and translated into
U.S. dollars, the Fund could be required to liquidate portfolio securities to
make such distributions, particularly in instances in which the amount of income
the Fund is required to distribute is not immediately reduced by the decline in
such currency. Similarly, if an exchange rate declines between the time the Fund
incurs expenses in U.S. dollars and the time such expenses are paid, the amount
of such currency required to be converted into U.S. dollars in order to pay such
expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater than the equivalent amount in any such
currency of such expenses at the time they were incurred. The Fund may, but need
not, enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts, options on foreign
currencies and futures contracts on foreign currencies and related options, for
hedging purposes, including: locking-in the U.S. dollar price of the purchase or
sale of securities denominated in a foreign currency; locking-in the U.S. dollar
equivalent of dividends to be paid on such securities which are held by the
Fund; and protecting the U.S. dollar value of such securities which are held by
the Fund.
Under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal Revenue
Code), changes in an exchange rate which occur between the time the Fund accrues
interest or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities
denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such
receivables or pays such liabilities will result in foreign currency gains or
losses that increase or decrease an investment company's taxable income. The
exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies can be volatile and
are determined by such factors as supply and demand in the currency exchange
markets, international balances of payments, government intervention,
speculation and other economic and political conditions.
Foreign securities include securities of any foreign country an investment
adviser considers appropriate for investment by the Fund. Foreign securities may
also include securities of foreign issuers that are traded in U.S. dollars in
the United States although the underlying security is usually denominated in a
foreign currency.
The costs attributable to foreign investing are higher than the costs of
domestic investing. For example, the cost of maintaining custody of foreign
securities generally exceeds custodian costs for domestic securities, and
transaction and settlement costs of foreign investing are frequently higher than
those attributable to domestic investing. Foreign investment
B-3
<PAGE>
income may be subject to foreign withholding or other government taxes that
could reduce the return to the Fund on those securities. Tax treaties between
the United States and certain foreign countries may, however, reduce or
eliminate the amount of foreign tax to which the Fund would be subject.
RISK FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS OF INVESTING IN FOREIGN SECURITIES.
Investing in securities of foreign issuers and countries involves certain
considerations and risks, which are not typically associated with investing in
securities of domestic companies. Foreign issuers are not generally subject to
uniform accounting, auditing and financial standards or other requirements
comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. There may also be less
government supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers
and public companies than exist in the United States. Dividends and interest
paid by foreign issuers may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes
which may decrease the net return on such investments as compared to dividends
and interest paid to the Fund by domestic companies. There may be the
possibility of expropriations, confiscatory taxation, political, economic or
social instability or diplomatic developments which could affect assets of the
Fund held in foreign countries. In addition, a portfolio containing foreign
securities may be adversely affected by fluctuations in the relative rates of
exchange between the currencies of different nations and by exchange control
regulations.
There may be less publicly available information about foreign issuers and
governments compared to reports and ratings published about U.S. companies.
Foreign securities markets have substantially less volume than, for example, the
New York Stock Exchange. Securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and
more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. Brokerage
commissions and other transaction costs of foreign securities exchanges are
generally higher than in the United States.
RISK FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS OF INVESTING IN EURO-DENOMINATED
SECURITIES. Effective January 1, 1999, the 11 member states of the European
Union introduced the "euro" as a common currency. During a three year
transitional period, the euro will coexist with each member state's currency.
Beginning January 1, 2002, the euro is expected to become the sole currency of
the member states. During the transition period, the Fund will treat the euro as
a separate currency from that of any member state.
The conversion may impact the trading in securities of issuers located in,
or denominated in the currencies of, the member states, as well as foreign
exchanges, payments, the settlement process, custody of assets and accounting.
In addition, the transition of member states' currency into the euro will
eliminate the currency risk among the member states and will likely affect the
investment process and considerations of the Fund's investment adviser. To the
extent the Fund holds non-U.S. dollar-denominated securities, including those
denominated in the euro, the Fund will still be subject to currency risk due to
fluctuations in those currencies as compared to the U.S. dollar.
The introduction of the euro is expected to affect derivative and other
financial contracts in which the Fund may invest insofar as price sources based
upon current currencies of the member states will be replaced, and market
conventions, such as day-count fractions or settlement dates, applicable to
underlying instruments may be changed to conform to the conventions applicable
to the euro currency.
The overall impact of the transition of member states' currencies to the
euro cannot be determined with certainty at this time. In addition to the
effects described above, it is likely that more general short and long-term
ramifications can be expected, such as changes in the economic environment and
change in the behavior of investors, all of which will impact the Fund's
investments.
The Fund's Manager is taking steps: (a) that it believes will reasonably
address euro-related changes to enable the Fund to process transactions
accurately and completely with minimal disruption to business activities and (b)
to obtain reasonable assurances that appropriate steps are being taken by each
of the Fund's other service providers.
HEDGING AND RETURN ENHANCEMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund may also engage in various portfolio strategies, including using
derivatives, to reduce certain risks of its investments, as a tax-management
strategy, for cash management purposes and to attempt to enhance return. The
Fund, and thus its investors, may lose money through any unsuccessful use of
these strategies. These strategies currently include the use of options on
equity securities and stock indices, futures contracts and options thereon,
foreign currency forward contracts and currency futures. The Fund's ability to
use these strategies may be limited by market conditions, regulatory limits and
tax considerations and there can be no assurance that any of these strategies
will succeed. New financial products and risk management techniques continue to
be developed and the Fund may use these new investments and techniques to the
extent consistent with its investment objective and policies.
Transactions in derivative instruments may be used as a substitute for the
purchase and sale of securities. Derivative transactions may be more
advantageous in a given circumstance than transactions involving securities due
to more favorable current tax treatment, lower transaction costs or greater
liquidity.
B-4
<PAGE>
OPTIONS TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may purchase and write (that is, sell) put and call options on
equity securities and financial indices that are traded on U.S. or foreign
securities exchanges or in the over-the-counter market to enhance return or to
hedge the Fund's portfolio. The Fund may write covered put and call options to
generate additional income through the receipt of premiums, purchase put options
in an effort to protect the value of a security that it owns against a decline
in market value and purchase call options in an effort to protect against an
increase in the price of securities it intends to purchase. The Fund may also
purchase put and call options to offset previously written put and call options
of the same series, including combining the purchase of a put option with the
sale of a call option (an equity collar).
A call option gives the purchaser, in exchange for a premium paid, the
right, for a specified period of time, to purchase the position subject to the
option at a specified price (the exercise price or strike price). The writer of
a call option, in return for the premium, has the obligation, upon exercise of
the option, to deliver a specified amount of cash to the purchaser upon receipt
of the exercise price. When the Fund writes a call option, the Fund gives up the
potential for gain on the underlying position in excess of the exercise price of
the option during the period that the option is open.
A put option gives the purchaser, in return for a premium, the right, for a
specified period of time, to sell the position subject to the option to the
writer of the put at the specified exercise price. The writer of the put option,
in return for the premium, has the obligation, upon exercise of the option, to
acquire the position at the exercise price. The Fund might, therefore, be
obligated to purchase the underlying position for more than its current market
price. The Fund may purchase put options on securities it holds that have
developed large capital gains, to protect against price declines. This
alternative to selling the securities may reduce exposure to price declines
without realizing substantial capital gains.
The Fund will write only "covered" options. An option is covered if, as long
as the Fund is obligated under the option, it (1) owns an offsetting position in
the underlying securities that comprise the index or (2) segregates cash or
other liquid assets in an amount equal to or greater than its obligation under
the option. Under the first circumstance, the Fund's losses are limited because
it owns the underlying position; under the second circumstance, in the case of a
written call option, the Fund's losses are potentially unlimited.
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES INDICES. The Fund may also purchase and sell put and
call options on securities indices traded on U.S. or foreign securities
exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter markets. Options on securities
indices are similar to options on securities except that, rather than the right
to take or make delivery of a security at a specified price, an option on a
securities index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the
option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the securities index upon
which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than,
in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is
equal to such difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise
price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple (the
multiplier). The writer of the option is obligated, in return for the premium
received, to make delivery of this amount. Unlike for equity securities options,
all settlements are in cash, and gain or loss depends on price movements in the
securities market generally (or in a particular industry or segment of the
market) rather than price movements in individual securities.
The multiplier for an index option performs a function similar to the unit
of trading for a stock option. It determines the total dollar value per contract
of each point in the difference between the exercise price of an option and the
current level of the underlying index. A multiplier of 100 means that a
one-point difference will yield $100. Options on different indices may have
different multipliers. Because exercises of index options are settled in cash, a
call writer cannot determine the amount of its settlement obligations in advance
and, unlike call writing on specific stocks, cannot provide in advance for, or
cover, its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the
underlying securities. In addition, unless the Fund has other liquid assets
which are sufficient to satisfy the exercise of a call, the Fund would be
required to liquidate portfolio securities or borrow in order to satisfy the
exercise.
Because the value of an index option depends upon movements in the level of
the index rather than the price of a particular security, whether the Fund will
realize a gain or loss on the purchase or sale of an option on an index depends
upon movements in the level of securities prices in the market generally or in
an industry or market segment rather than movements in the price of a particular
security. Accordingly, successful use by the Fund of options on indices would be
subject to the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly movements in
the direction of the securities market generally or of a particular industry.
This requires different skills and techniques than predicting changes in the
price of individual stocks. The investment adviser currently uses such
techniques in conjunction with the management of other mutual funds.
RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN OPTIONS
An option position may be closed out only on an exchange, board of trade or
other trading facility which provides a secondary market for an option of the
same series. Although the Fund will generally purchase or write only those
options for which there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no
assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for
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any particular option, or at any particular time, and for some options no
secondary market on an exchange or otherwise may exist. In such event it might
not be possible to effect closing transactions in particular options, with the
result that the Fund would have to exercise its options in order to realize any
profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise of call options
and upon the subsequent disposition of underlying securities acquired through
the exercise of call options or upon the purchase of underlying securities for
the exercise of put options. If the Fund as a covered call option writer is
unable to effect a closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it will
not be able to sell the underlying security until the option expires or it
delivers the underlying security upon exercise.
Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include
the following: (1) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain
options; (2) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions
or closing transactions or both; (3) trading halts, suspensions or other
restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of
options or underlying securities; (4) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may
interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (5) the facilities of an exchange or
a clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current
trading volume; or (6) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other
reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading
of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the
secondary market on that exchange (or in the class or series of options) would
cease to exist, although outstanding options on that exchange that had been
issued by a clearing corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would
continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms. There is no assurance
that higher than anticipated trading activity or other unforeseen events might
not, at times, render certain of the facilities of any of the clearing
corporations inadequate, and thereby result in the institution by an exchange of
special procedures which may interfere with the timely execution of customers'
orders. The Fund intends to purchase and sell only those options which are
cleared by clearinghouses whose facilities are considered to be adequate to
handle the volume of options transactions.
RISKS OF OPTIONS ON INDICES
The Fund's purchase and sale of options on indices will be subject to risks
described above under "Risks of Transactions in Options." In addition, the
distinctive characteristics of options on indices create certain risks that are
not present with stock options.
Index prices may be distorted if trading of certain stocks included in the
index is interrupted. Trading in the index options also may be interrupted in
certain circumstances, such as if trading were halted in a substantial number of
stocks included in the index. If this occurred, the Fund would not be able to
close out options which it had purchased or written and, if restrictions on
exercise were imposed, may be unable to exercise an option it holds, which could
result in substantial losses to the Fund. It is the Fund's policy to purchase or
write options only on indices which include a number of stocks sufficient to
minimize the likelihood of a trading halt in the index.
The ability to establish and close out positions on such options will be
subject to the development and maintenance of a liquid secondary market. It is
not certain that this market will develop in all index option contracts. The
Fund will not purchase or sell any index option contract unless and until, in
the investment adviser's opinion, the market for such options has developed
sufficiently that the risk in connection with such transactions is not
substantially greater than the risk in connection with options on securities in
the index.
SPECIAL RISKS OF WRITING CALLS ON INDICES
Because exercises of index options are settled in cash, a call writer such
as the Fund cannot determine the amount of its settlement obligations in advance
and, unlike call writing on specific stocks, cannot provide in advance for, or
cover, its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the
underlying securities. However, the Fund will write call options on indices only
under the circumstances described below under "Limitations on the Purchase and
Sale of Options on Stock Indices and Futures Contracts and Options on Futures
Contracts."
Price movements in the Fund's portfolio probably will not correlate
precisely with movements in the level of the index and, therefore, the Fund
bears the risk that the price of the securities held by the Fund may not
increase as much as the index. In such event, the Fund would bear a loss on the
call which is not completely offset by movements in the price of the Fund's
portfolio. It is also possible that the index may rise when the Fund's portfolio
of stocks does not rise. If this occurred, the Fund would experience a loss on
the call which is not offset by an increase in the value of its portfolio and
might also experience a loss in its portfolio. However, because the value of a
diversified portfolio will, over time, tend to move in the same direction as the
market, movements in the value of the Fund in the opposite direction as the
market would be likely to occur for only a short period or to a small degree.
Unless the Fund has other liquid assets which are sufficient to satisfy the
exercise of a call, the Fund would be required to liquidate portfolio securities
in order to satisfy the exercise. Because an exercise must be settled within
hours after receiving the notice of exercise, if the Fund fails to anticipate an
exercise, it may have to borrow from a bank (in amounts not exceeding 20% of the
Fund's total assets) pending settlement of the sale of securities in its
portfolio and would incur interest charges thereon.
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When the Fund has written a call, there is also a risk that the market may
decline between the time the Fund has a call exercised against it, at a price
which is fixed as of the closing level of the index on the date of exercise, and
the time the Fund is able to sell stocks in its portfolio. As with stock
options, the Fund will not learn that an index option has been exercised until
the day following the exercise date but, unlike a call on stock where the Fund
would be able to deliver the underlying securities in settlement, the Fund may
have to sell part of its investment portfolio in order to make settlement in
cash, and the price of such investments might decline before they can be sold.
This timing risk makes certain strategies involving more than one option
substantially more risky with index options than with stock options. For
example, even if an index call which the Fund has written is "covered" by an
index call held by the Fund with the same strike price, the Fund will bear the
risk that the level of the index may decline between the close of trading on the
date the exercise notice is filed with the clearing corporation and the close of
trading on the date the Fund exercises the call it holds or the time the Fund
sells the call which, in either case, would occur no earlier than the day
following the day the exercise notice was filed.
If the Fund holds an index option and exercises it before final
determination of the closing index value for that day, it runs the risk that the
level of the underlying index may change before closing. If such a change causes
the exercised option to fall out-of-the-money, the Fund will be required to pay
the difference between the closing index value and the exercise price of the
option (times the applicable multiplier) to the assigned writer. Although the
Fund may be able to minimize this risk by withholding exercise instructions
until just before the daily cutoff time or by selling rather than exercising an
option when the index level is close to the exercise price, it may not be
possible to eliminate this risk entirely because the cutoff times for index
options may be earlier than those fixed for other types of options and may occur
before definitive closing index values are announced.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS THEREON
The Fund may purchase and sell stock index and interest rate futures
contracts and options thereon which are traded on a commodities exchange or
board of trade to reduce certain risks of its investments and to attempt to
enhance return in accordance with regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (CFTC). The Fund, and thus its investors, may lose money if the Fund
is unsuccessful in its use of these strategies. These futures contracts and
related options will be on stock indices and foreign currencies. A futures
contract is an agreement to purchase or sell an agreed amount of securities or
currencies at a set price for delivery in the future.
STOCK INDEX AND INTEREST RATE FUTURES. The Fund may use stock index and
interest rate futures traded on a commodities exchange or board of trade for
certain hedging and risk management purposes and to attempt to enhance return in
accordance with regulations of the CFTC. The Fund primarily intends to use stock
index and interest rate futures to facilitate new investments or funding
redemptions. The Fund may sell stock index futures contracts (rather than
securities) in an effort to protect against price declines in securities
holdings that have developed large accumulated capital gains.
A stock index futures contract is an agreement in which the writer (or
seller) of the contract agrees to deliver to the buyer an amount of cash equal
to a specific dollar amount times the difference between the value of a specific
stock index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price
at which the agreement is made. No physical delivery of the underlying stocks in
the index is made. When the futures contract is entered into, each party
deposits with a broker or in a segregated custodial account approximately 5% of
the contract amount, called the "initial margin." Subsequent payments to and
from the broker, called "variation margin," will be made on a daily basis as the
price of the underlying stock index fluctuates, making the long and short
positions in the futures contracts more or less valuable, a process known as
"marked to market."
OPTIONS ON STOCK INDEX AND INTEREST RATE FUTURES. The Fund may also purchase
and write options on stock index and interest rate futures for certain hedging,
return enhancement and risk management purposes. In the case of options on stock
index futures, the holder of the option pays a premium and receives the right,
upon exercise of the option at a specified price during the option period, to
assume a position in a stock index futures contract (a long position if the
option is a call and a short position if the option is a put). If the option is
exercised by the holder before the last trading day during the option period,
the option writer delivers the futures position, as well as any balance in the
writer's futures margin account, which represents the amount by which the market
price of the stock index futures contract at exercise exceeds, in the case of a
call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on
the stock index future. If it is exercised on the last trading day, the option
writer delivers to the option holder cash in an amount equal to the difference
between the option exercise price and the closing level of the relevant index on
the date the option expires.
FUTURES CONTRACTS ON FOREIGN CURRENCIES. The Fund may buy and sell futures
contracts on foreign currencies such as the euro, and purchase and write options
thereon for hedging and risk management purposes. The Fund will engage in
transactions in only those futures contracts and options thereon that are traded
on a commodities exchange or a board of trade. A "sale" of a futures contract on
foreign currency means the assumption of a contractual obligation to deliver the
specified amount of foreign currency at a specified price in a specified future
month. A "purchase" of a futures contract means the assumption of a contractual
obligation to acquire the currency called for by the contract at a specified
price in a specified future month. At the time
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a futures contract is purchased or sold, the Fund must allocate cash or
securities as initial margin. Thereafter, the futures contract is valued daily
and the payment of "variation margin" may be required, resulting in the Fund's
paying or receiving cash that reflects any decline or increase, respectively, in
the contract's value, that is, "marked-to-market."
LIMITATIONS ON PURCHASES AND SALES OF FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS
THEREON. Under the regulations of the Commodity Exchange Act, an investment
company registered under the Investment Company Act is exempt from the
definition of "commodity pool operator," subject to compliance with certain
conditions. The exemption is conditioned upon the Fund's purchasing and selling
futures contracts and options thereon for BONA FIDE hedging transactions, except
that the Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts and options thereon for
any other purpose to the extent that the aggregate initial margin and option
premiums do not exceed 5% of the market value of the Fund's total assets.
Futures contracts and related options are generally subject to the coverage
requirements of the CFTC and the segregation requirements of the Securities and
Exchange Commission (Commission). If the Fund does not hold the security or
currency underlying the futures contract, the Fund will be required to segregate
on an ongoing basis cash or other liquid assets in an amount at least equal to
the Fund's obligations with respect to such futures contracts. The Fund may
place and maintain cash, securities and similar investments with a futures
commission merchant in amounts necessary to effect the Fund's transactions in
exchange-traded futures contracts and options thereon, provided certain
conditions are satisfied.
The Fund's successful use of futures contracts and related options depends
upon the investment adviser's ability to predict the direction of the market and
is subject to various additional risks. The correlation between movements in the
price of a futures contract and the movements in the index or price of the
currencies underlying the futures contract is imperfect and there is a risk that
the value of the indices or currencies underlying the futures contract may
increase or decrease at a greater rate than the related futures contracts,
resulting in losses to the Fund. The use of these instruments will hedge only
the currency risks associated with investments in foreign securities, not market
risks. Certain futures exchanges or boards of trade have established daily
limits on the amount that the price of futures contracts or related options may
vary, either up or down, from the previous day's settlement price. These daily
limits may restrict the Fund's ability to purchase or sell certain futures
contracts or related options on any particular day. In addition, if the Fund
purchases futures to hedge against market advances before it can invest in
common stock in an advantageous manner and the market declines, the Fund might
experience a loss on the futures contract. In addition, the ability of the Fund
to close out a futures position or an option depends on a liquid secondary
market. There is no assurance that at any particular time liquid secondary
markets will exist for any particular futures contract or option thereon.
FUTURES CONTRACTS. As a purchaser of a futures contract, the Fund incurs an
obligation to take delivery of a specified amount of the obligation underlying
the futures contract at a specified time in the future for a specified price. As
a seller of a futures contract, the Fund incurs an obligation to deliver the
specified amount of the underlying obligation at a specified time in return for
an agreed upon price. The Fund may purchase futures contracts on stock indices
and foreign currencies. The Fund may purchase futures contracts on debt
securities, including U.S. Government securities, aggregates of debt securities,
stock indices and foreign currencies.
A "sale" of a futures contract (or a "short" futures position) means the
assumption of a contractual obligation to deliver the securities or currency
underlying the contract at a specified price at a specified future time. A
"purchase" of a futures contract (or a "long" futures position) means the
assumption of a contractual obligation to acquire the securities or currency
underlying the contract at a specified price at a specified future time. Certain
futures contracts are settled on a net cash payment basis rather than by the
sale and delivery of the securities or currency underlying the futures contract.
U.S. futures contracts have been designed by exchanges that have been designated
as "contract markets" by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures
commission merchant (that is, a brokerage firm) which is a member of the
relevant contract market. Futures contracts trade on these contract markets and
the exchange's affiliated clearing organization guarantees payment of margin as
between the clearing members of the exchange.
At the time a futures contract is purchased or sold, the Fund must allocate
cash or other liquid assets as a deposit payment (initial margin). It is
expected that the initial margin on U.S. exchanges will vary from one-half of 1%
to 4% of the total value of the contract. Under certain circumstances, however,
such as during periods of high volatility, the Fund may be required by an
exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment. Thereafter, the
futures contract is valued daily and the payment in cash of "variation margin"
may be required, a process known as "mark-to-market." Each day the Fund is
required to provide or is entitled to receive variation margin in an amount
equal to any change in the value of the contract since the preceding day.
Initial margin requirements are established by the exchanges on which futures
contracts trade and may, from time to time, change. In addition, brokers may
establish margin deposit requirements in excess of those required by the
exchanges.
Initial margin in futures transactions is different from margin in
securities transactions in that initial margin does not involve the borrowing of
funds by a brokers' client but is, rather, a good faith deposit on a futures
contract which will be returned to the Fund upon the proper termination of the
futures contract. The margin deposits made are marked-to-market daily and the
Fund may
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be required to make subsequent deposits into the segregated account, maintained
at its Custodian for that purpose, of cash or other liquid assets, called
"variation margin," in the name of the broker, which are reflective of price
fluctuations in the futures contract.
Although most futures contracts call for actual delivery or acceptance of
securities or cash, the contracts usually are closed out before the settlement
date without the making or taking of delivery. A futures contract sale is closed
out by effecting a futures contract purchase for the same aggregate amount of
the specific type of security and the same delivery date. If the sale price
exceeds the offsetting purchase price, the seller would be paid the difference
and would realize a gain. If the offsetting purchase price exceeds the sale
price, the seller would pay the difference and would realize a loss. Similarly,
a futures contract purchase is closed out by effecting a futures contract sale
for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of security (or currency) and
the same delivery date. If the offsetting sale price exceeds the purchase price,
the purchaser would realize a gain, whereas if the purchase price exceeds the
offsetting sale price, the purchaser would realize a loss. There is no assurance
that the Fund will be able to enter into a closing transaction.
The ordinary spreads between values in the cash and futures markets, due to
differences in the character of those markets, are subject to distortions. In
addition, futures contracts entail risks. First, all participants in the futures
market are subject to initial and variation margin requirements. Rather than
meeting additional variation margin requirements, investors may close futures
contracts through offsetting transactions which could distort the normal
relationship between the cash and futures markets. Second, the liquidity of the
futures market depends on participants entering into offsetting transactions
rather than making or taking delivery. To the extent participants decide to make
or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced, thus
producing price distortions. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the
margin deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin
requirements in the securities market. Increased participation by speculators in
the futures market may cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility
of distortion, a correct forecast of general interest rate trends by the
investment adviser may still not result in a successful transaction.
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Fund will also enter into options on futures contracts for certain BONA
FIDE hedging, return enhancement and risk management purposes. The Fund may
purchase put and call options and write (that is, sell) "covered" put and call
options on futures contracts that are traded on U.S. and foreign exchanges. An
option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, but not the
obligation, to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position if the
option is a call and a short position if the option is a put) at a specified
exercise price at any time during the option exercise period. The writer of the
option is required upon exercise to assume an offsetting futures position (a
short position if the option is a call and a long position if the option is a
put). Upon exercise of the option, the assumption of offsetting futures
positions by the writer and holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery
of the accumulated cash balance in the writer's futures margin account which
represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract, at
exercise, exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put,
the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. Currently options can
be purchased or written with respect to futures contracts on various foreign
currencies, including the Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar, Japanese Yen and
Swiss Franc. With respect to stock indices, options are traded on futures
contracts for various U.S. and foreign stock indices including the S&P 500 Stock
Index and the NYSE Composite Index.
The holder or writer of an option may terminate its position by selling or
purchasing an option of the same series. There is no guarantee that such closing
transactions can be effected.
The Fund may write (that is, sell) put and call options on futures contracts
only if they are covered. The Fund will be considered "covered" with respect to
a call option it writes on a futures contract if the Fund owns the securities or
currency which is deliverable under the futures contract or an option to
purchase that futures contract having a strike price equal to or less than the
strike price of the "covered" option and having an expiration date not earlier
than the expiration date of the "covered" option, or if it segregates and
maintains with its Custodian for the term of the option cash or other liquid
assets, equal to the fluctuating value of the optioned futures. The Fund will be
considered "covered" with respect to a put option it writes on a futures
contract if it owns an option to sell that futures contract having a strike
price equal to or greater than the strike price of the "covered" option and
having an expiration date not earlier than the expiration date of the "covered"
option, or if it segregates with its Custodian for the term of the option cash
or other liquid assets at all times equal in value to the exercise price of the
put (less any initial margin deposited by the Fund with its Custodian with
respect to such put option). There is no limitation on the amount of the Fund's
assets which can be segregated.
Writing a put option on a futures contract serves as a partial hedge against
an increase in the value of securities the Fund intends to acquire. If the
futures price at expiration of the option is above the exercise price, the Fund
will retain the full amount of the option premium which provides a partial hedge
against any increase that may have occurred in the price of the securities the
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Fund intends to acquire. If the market price of the underlying futures contract
is below the exercise price when the option is exercised, the Fund will incur a
loss, which may be wholly or partially offset by the decrease in the value of
the securities the Fund intends to acquire.
Writing a call option on a futures contract serves as a partial hedge
against a decrease in the value of the Fund's portfolio securities. If the
market price of the underlying futures contract at expiration of a written call
option is below the exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the
option premium, thereby partially hedging against any decline that may have
occurred in the Fund's holdings of securities. If the futures price when the
option is exercised is above the exercise price, however, the Fund will incur a
loss, which may be wholly or partially offset by the increase in the value of
the securities in the Fund's portfolio which were being hedged.
The Fund will purchase put options on futures contracts to hedge its
portfolio against the risk of a decline in the value of the securities it owns
as a result of market activity or fluctuating currency exchange rates. The Fund
will also purchase call options on futures contracts as a hedge against an
increase in the value of securities the Fund intends to acquire as a result of
market activity or fluctuating currency exchange rates.
FOREIGN CURRENCY FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS THEREON
Generally, foreign currency futures contracts and options thereon are
similar to the futures contracts and options thereon discussed previously. By
entering into currency futures and options thereon on U.S. and foreign
exchanges, the Fund will seek to establish the rate at which it will be entitled
to exchange U.S. dollars for another currency at a future time. By selling
currency futures, the Fund will seek to establish the number of dollars it will
receive at delivery for a certain amount of a foreign currency. In this way,
whenever the Fund anticipates a decline in the value of a foreign currency
against the U.S. dollar, the Fund can attempt to "lock in" the U.S. dollar value
of some or all of the securities held in its portfolio that are denominated in
that currency. By purchasing currency futures, the Fund can establish the number
of dollars it will be required to pay for a specified amount of a foreign
currency in a future month. Thus if the Fund intends to buy securities in the
future and expects the U.S. dollar to decline against the relevant foreign
currency during the period before the purchase is effected, the Fund can attempt
to "lock in" the price in U.S. dollars of the securities it intends to acquire.
The purchase of options on currency futures will allow the Fund, for the
price of the premium and related transaction costs it must pay for the option,
to decide whether or not to buy (in the case of a call option) or to sell (in
the case of a put option) a futures contract at a specified price at any time
during the period before the option expires. If the investment adviser, in
purchasing an option, has been correct in its judgment concerning the direction
in which the market or the price of a foreign currency would move as against the
U.S. dollar, the Fund may exercise the option and thereby take a futures
position to hedge against the risk it had correctly anticipated or close out the
option position at a gain that will offset, to some extent, market or currency
exchange losses otherwise suffered by the Fund. If exchange rates move in a way
the investment adviser did not anticipate, however, the Fund will have incurred
the expense of the option without obtaining the expected benefit; any such
movement in exchange rates may also thereby reduce rather than enhance the
Fund's profits on its underlying securities transactions.
The Fund may also use European-style options. This means that the option is
only exercisable immediately prior to its expiration. This is in contrast to
American-style options, which are exercisable at any time prior to the
expiration date of the option.
ADDITIONAL RISKS OF OPTIONS, FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
Options, futures contracts and options on futures contracts on securities
and currencies may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be
regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the U.S., may not involve a
clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of
governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities.
The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (1) other
complex foreign political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability
than in the U.S. of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in the
Fund's ability to act upon economic events occurring in the foreign markets
during non-business hours in the U.S., (4) the imposition of different exercise
and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the U.S. and
(5) lesser trading volume.
Exchanges on which options, futures and options on futures are traded may
impose limits on the positions that the Fund may take in certain circumstances.
SPECIAL RISK CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO FUTURES AND OPTIONS THEREON
There are several risks in connection with the use of futures contracts as a
hedging device. Due to the imperfect correlation between the price of futures
contracts and movements in the currency or group of currencies, the price of a
futures contract may move more or less than the price of the currencies being
hedged. In the case of futures contracts on securities indices, the correlation
between the price of the futures contract and the movements in the index may not
be perfect. Therefore, a correct forecast of currency rates, market trends or
international political trends by the investment adviser may still not result in
a successful hedging transaction.
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The Fund's ability to establish and close out positions in futures contracts
and options on futures contracts will be subject to the development and
maintenance of liquid markets. Although the Fund generally will purchase or sell
only those futures contracts and options thereon for which there appears to be a
liquid market, there is no assurance that a liquid market on an exchange will
exist for any particular futures contract or option thereon at any particular
time. In the event no liquid market exists for a particular futures contract or
option thereon in which the Fund maintains a position, it will not be possible
to effect a closing transaction in that contract or to do so at a satisfactory
price and the Fund would have to either make or take delivery under the futures
contract or, in the case of a written option, wait to sell the underlying
securities until the option expires or is exercised or, in the case of a
purchased option, exercise the option. In the case of a futures contract or an
option on a futures contract which the Fund has written and which the Fund is
unable to close, the Fund would be required to maintain margin deposits on the
futures contract or option and to make variation margin payments until the
contract is closed.
Successful use of futures contracts and options thereon by the Fund is
subject to the ability of an investment adviser to predict correctly movements
in the direction of interest and foreign currency rates and the market
generally. If the investment adviser's expectations are not met, the Fund would
be in a worse position than if a hedging strategy had not been pursued. For
example, if the Fund has hedged against the possibility of an increase in
interest rates which would adversely affect the price of securities in its
portfolio and the price of such securities increases instead, the Fund will lose
part or all of the benefit of the increased value of its securities because it
will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such
situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin
requirements, it may have to sell securities to meet the requirements. These
sales may, but will not necessarily, be at increased prices which reflect the
rising market. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it is
disadvantageous to do so.
The hours of trading of futures contracts may not conform to the hours
during which the Fund may trade the underlying securities. To the extent that
the futures markets close before the securities markets, significant price and
rate movements can take place in the securities markets that cannot be reflected
in the futures markets.
RISKS OF HEDGING AND RETURN ENHANCEMENT STRATEGIES
Participation in the options or futures markets and in currency exchange
transactions involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund
would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. The Fund, and thus its
investors, may lose money through any unsuccessful use of these strategies. If
the investment adviser's predictions of movements in the direction of the
securities, foreign currency or interest rate markets are inaccurate, the
adverse consequences to the Fund may leave the Fund in a worse position than if
such strategies were not used. Risks inherent in the use of options, foreign
currency and futures contracts and options on futures contracts include (1)
dependence on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly movements in
the direction of securities prices, interest rates and currency markets; (2)
imperfect correlation between the price of options and futures contracts and
options thereon and movements in the prices of the securities or currencies
being hedged; (3) the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are
different from those needed to select portfolio securities; (4) the possible
absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at any time;
(5) the risk that the counterparty may be unable to complete the transaction and
(6) the possible inability of the Fund to purchase or sell a portfolio security
at a time that otherwise would be favorable for it to do so, or the possible
need for the Fund to sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time, due to
the need for the Fund to maintain "cover" or to segregate liquid assets in
connection with hedging transactions.
LIMITATIONS ON THE PURCHASE AND SALE OF OPTIONS ON STOCK INDICES AND FUTURES
CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Fund will engage in transactions in futures contracts and options
thereon only for BONA FIDE hedging, return enhancement and risk management
purposes, in each case in accordance with the rules and regulations of the CFTC,
and not for speculation.
The Fund will write put options on stock indices and futures contracts on
foreign currencies only if they are covered by segregating with the Fund's
Custodian an amount of cash or other liquid assets equal to the aggregate
exercise price of the puts. In accordance with CFTC regulations, the Fund may
not purchase or sell futures contracts or options thereon if the initial margin
and premiums for options on futures would exceed 5% of the market value of the
Fund's total assets after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized
losses on such contracts; provided, however, that in the case of an option that
is in-the-money at the time of the purchase, the in-the-money amount may be
excluded in calculating the 5% limitation. The above restriction does not apply
to the purchase and sale of futures contracts and options thereon for BONA FIDE
hedging purposes within the meaning of the CFTC regulations. In instances
involving the purchase of futures contracts or call options thereon or the
writing of put options thereon by the Fund, an amount of cash and other liquid
assets equal to the market value of the futures contracts and options thereon
(less any related margin deposits), will be segregated with the Fund's Custodian
to cover the position, or alternative cover will be employed, thereby insuring
that the use of such instruments is unleveraged. The Fund does not intend to
purchase options on securities indices if the aggregate premiums paid for such
outstanding options would exceed 10% of the Fund's total assets.
B-11
<PAGE>
Except as described below, the Fund will write call options on indices only
if on such date it holds a portfolio of stocks at least equal to the value of
the index times the multiplier times the number of contracts. When the Fund
writes a call option on a broadly-based stock market index, the Fund will
segregate with its Custodian, or pledge to a broker as collateral for the
option, cash or other liquid assets substantially replicating the movement of
the index, in the judgment of the Fund's investment adviser, with a market value
at the time the option is written of not less than 100% of the current index
value times the multiplier times the number of contracts.
If the Fund has written an option on an industry or market segment index, it
will segregate with its Custodian, or pledge to a broker as collateral for the
option, at least ten "qualified securities," all of which are stocks of issuers
in such industry or market segment, with a market value at the time the option
is written of not less than 100% of the current index value times the multiplier
times the number of contracts. Such stocks will include stocks which represent
at least 50% of the weighting of the industry or market segment index and will
represent at least 50% of the Fund's holdings in that industry or market
segment. No individual security will represent more than 15% of the amount so
segregated or pledged in the case of broadly-based stock market index options or
25% of such amount in the case of industry or market segment index options. If
at the close of business on any day the market value of such qualified
securities so segregated or pledged falls below 100% of the current index value
times the multiplier times the number of contracts, the Fund will so segregate
or pledge an amount in cash or other liquid assets equal in value to the
difference. In addition, when the Fund writes a call on an index which is
in-the-money at the time the call is written, the Fund will segregate with its
Custodian or pledge to the broker as collateral cash or other liquid assets
equal in value to the amount by which the call is in-the-money times the
multiplier times the number of contracts. Any amount segregated pursuant to the
foregoing sentence may be applied to the Fund's obligation to segregate
additional amounts in the event that the market value of the qualified
securities falls below 100% of the current index value times the multiplier
times the number of contracts. A "qualified security" is an equity security
which is listed on a national securities exchange or listed on NASDAQ against
which the Fund has not written a stock call option and which has not been hedged
by the Fund by the sale of stock index futures. However, if the Fund holds a
call on the same index as the call written where the exercise price of the call
held is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or greater
than the exercise price of the call written if the difference is segregated by
the Fund in cash or other liquid assets with its Custodian, it will not be
subject to the requirements described in this paragraph.
The Fund may engage in futures contracts and options on futures transactions
as a hedge against changes, resulting from market or political conditions, in
the value of the currencies to which the Fund is subject or to which the Fund
expects to be subject in connection with future purchases. The Fund may engage
in such transactions when they are economically appropriate for the reduction of
risks inherent in the ongoing management of the Fund. The Fund may write options
on futures contracts to realize through the receipt of premium income a greater
return than would be realized in the Fund's portfolio securities alone.
The Fund's purchase and sale of futures contracts and purchase and writing
of options on futures contracts will be for the purpose of protecting its
portfolio against anticipated future changes in foreign currency exchange rates
which might otherwise either adversely affect the value of the Fund's portfolio
securities or adversely affect the prices of securities that the Fund intends to
purchase at a later date, and to enhance the Fund's return. As an alternative to
BONA FIDE hedging as defined by the CFTC, the Fund may comply with a different
standard established by CFTC rules with respect to futures contracts and options
thereon purchased by the Fund incidental to the Fund's activities in the
securities markets, under which the value of the assets underlying such
positions will not exceed the sum of (1) cash or other liquid assets segregated
for this purpose, (2) cash proceeds on existing investments due within thirty
days and (3) accrued profits on the particular futures contract or option
thereon.
In addition, CFTC regulations may impose limitations on the Fund's ability
to engage in certain return enhancement and risk management strategies. There
are no limitations on the Fund's use of futures contracts and options on futures
contracts beyond the restrictions set forth above.
Although the Fund intends to purchase or sell futures and options on futures
only on exchanges where there appears to be an active market, there is no
guarantee that an active market will exist for any particular contract or at any
particular time. If there is not a liquid market at a particular time, it may
not be possible to close a futures position at such time, and, in the event of
adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily
cash payments of variation margin. However, if a futures contract has been used
to hedge portfolio securities, such securities will not be sold until the
futures contract can be terminated. In such circumstances, an increase in the
price of securities, if any, may partially or completely offset losses on the
futures contracts. However, there is no guarantee that the price movements of
the securities will, in fact, correlate with the price movements in the futures
contracts and thus provide an offset to losses on a futures contract.
POSITION LIMITS. Transactions by the Fund in futures contracts and options
will be subject to limitations, if any, established by each of the exchanges,
boards of trade or other trading facilities (including NASDAQ) governing the
maximum number of options in each class which may be written or purchased by a
single investor or group of investors acting in concert, regardless of whether
the options are written on the same or different exchanges, boards of trade or
other trading facilities or are held or written in one or more accounts or
through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of futures contracts and options
which the Fund may
B-12
<PAGE>
write or purchase may be affected by the futures contracts and options written
or purchased by other investment advisory clients of the investment adviser. An
exchange, board of trade or other trading facility may order the liquidations of
positions found to be in excess of these limits, and it may impose certain other
sanctions.
FOREIGN CURRENCY FORWARD CONTRACTS
The Fund may enter into foreign currency forward contracts to protect the
value of its assets against future changes in the level of currency exchange
rates. The Fund also may purchase and sell foreign currency forward contracts,
futures contracts on foreign currency, and options on futures contracts on
foreign currency to protect against the effect of adverse changes in foreign
currencies. The Fund may enter into such contracts on a spot, I.E., cash, basis
at the rate then prevailing in the currency exchange market or on a forward
basis, by entering into a forward contract to purchase or sell currency. A
forward contract on foreign currency is an obligation to purchase or sell a
specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days agreed
upon by the parties from the date of the contract at a price set on the date of
the contract.
The Fund's dealings in forward exchange contracts will be limited to hedging
involving either specific transactions or portfolio positions. The Fund may not
use forward contracts, options on foreign currencies, futures contracts on
foreign currencies and options on such contracts in order to generate income,
although the use of such contracts may incidentally generate income. Transaction
hedging is the purchase or sale of a forward contract with respect to specific
receivables or payables of the Fund generally arising in connection with the
purchase or sale of its portfolio securities and accruals of interest or
dividends receivable and Fund expenses. Position hedging is the sale of a
foreign currency with respect to portfolio security positions denominated or
quoted in that currency or in a different currency (cross hedge). Although there
are no limits on the number of forward contracts which the Fund may enter into,
the Fund may not position hedge (including cross hedges) with respect to a
particular currency for an amount greater than the aggregate market value
(determined at the time of making any sale of foreign currency) of the
securities being hedged.
RISKS RELATED TO FOREIGN CURRENCY FORWARD CONTRACTS
The Fund may enter into foreign currency forward contracts in several
circumstances. When the Fund enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of
a security denominated in a foreign currency, or when the Fund anticipates the
receipt in a foreign currency of dividends or interest payments on a security
which it holds, the Fund may desire to "lock-in" the U.S. dollar price of the
security or the U.S. dollar equivalent of such dividend or interest payment, as
the case may be. By entering into a forward contract for a fixed amount of
dollars, for the purchase or sale of the amount of foreign currency involved in
the underlying transactions, the Fund may be able to protect itself against a
possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the
U.S. dollar and the foreign currency during the period between the date on which
the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment
is declared, and the date on which such payments are made or received.
Additionally, when the investment adviser believes that the currency of a
particular foreign country may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S.
dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract for a fixed amount of
dollars, to sell the amount of foreign currency approximating the value of some
or all of the Fund's portfolio securities denominated in such foreign currency.
The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the
securities involved will not generally be possible since the future value of
securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market
movements in the value of those securities between the date on which the forward
contract is entered into and the date it matures. The projection of short-term
currency market movement is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of
a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain. If the Fund enters into a
hedging transaction as described above, the transaction will be "covered" by the
position being hedged, or the Fund's Custodian will segregate assets in an
amount equal to the value of the Fund's total assets committed to the
consummation of foreign currency forward contracts (less the value of the
covering positions, if any). If the value of the securities placed in the
segregated account declines, additional cash or securities will be placed in the
account so that the value of the account will, at all times, equal the amount of
the Fund's net commitments with respect to such contracts.
The Fund generally will not enter into a forward contract with a term of
greater than one year. At the maturity of a forward contract, the Fund may
either sell the portfolio security and make delivery of the foreign currency, or
it may retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver
the foreign currency by purchasing an "offsetting" contract with the same
currency trader obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same
amount of the foreign currency.
It is impossible to forecast with absolute precision the market value of a
particular portfolio security at the expiration of the forward contract.
Accordingly, if a decision is made to sell the security and make delivery of the
foreign currency and if the market value of the security is less than the amount
of foreign currency that the Fund is obligated to deliver, then it would be
necessary for the Fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot
market (and bear the expense of such purchase).
If the Fund retains the portfolio security and engages in an offsetting
transaction, the Fund will incur a gain or a loss to the extent that there has
been movement in forward contract prices. Should forward contract prices decline
during the period between the Fund's entering into a forward contract for the
sale of a foreign currency and the date it enters into an offsetting contract
for the
B-13
<PAGE>
purchase of the foreign currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent
that the price of the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the
currency it has agreed to purchase. Should forward contract prices increase, the
Fund will suffer a loss to the extent that the price of the currency it has
agreed to purchase exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to sell.
The Fund's dealing in foreign currency forward contracts will generally be
limited to the transactions described above. Of course, the Fund is not required
to enter into such transactions with regard to its foreign currency-denominated
securities. It also should be recognized that this method of protecting the
value of the Fund's portfolio securities against a decline in the value of a
currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the
securities which are unrelated to exchange rates. Additionally, although such
contracts tend to minimize the risk of loss due to decline in the value of the
hedged currency, at the same time they tend to limit any potential gain which
might result should the value of such currency increase.
Although the Fund values its assets daily in terms of U.S. dollars, it does
not intend physically to convert its holdings of foreign currencies into U.S.
dollars on a daily basis. It will do so from time to time, and investors should
be aware of the costs of currency conversion. Although foreign exchange dealers
do not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a profit based on the
difference (the spread) between the prices at which they are buying and selling
various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to the
Fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the Fund
desire to resell that currency to the dealer.
FOREIGN CURRENCY STRATEGIES--SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
The Fund may use options on foreign currencies, futures on foreign
currencies, options on futures contracts on foreign currencies and forward
currency forward contracts, to hedge against movements in the values of the
foreign currencies in which the Fund's securities are denominated. Such currency
hedges can protect against price movements in a security that the Fund owns or
intends to acquire that are attributable to changes in the value of the currency
in which it is denominated. Such hedges do not, however, protect against price
movements in the securities that are attributable to other causes.
The Fund might seek to hedge against changes in the value of a particular
currency when no futures contract, forward contract or option involving that
currency is available or one of such contracts is more expensive than certain
other contracts. In such cases, the Fund may hedge against price movements in
that currency by entering into a contract on another currency or basket of
currencies, the values of which the Fund's investment adviser believes will have
a positive correlation to the value of the currency being hedged. The risk that
movements in the price of the contract will not correlate perfectly with
movements in the price of the currency being hedged is magnified when this
strategy is used.
The value of futures contracts, options on futures contracts, forward
contracts and options on foreign currencies depends on the value of the
underlying currency relative to the U.S. dollar. Because foreign currency
transactions occurring in the interbank market might involve substantially
larger amounts than those involved in the use of futures contracts, forward
contracts or options, a Fund could be disadvantaged by dealing in the odd lot
market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1 million) for the
underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round
lots.
There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign
currencies or any regulatory requirements that quotations available through
dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation
information generally is representative of very large transactions in the
interbank market and thus might not reflect odd-lot transactions where rates
might be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global,
round-the-clock market. To the extent the U.S. options or futures markets are
closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant
price and rate movements might take place in the underlying markets that cannot
be reflected in the markets for the futures contracts or options until they
reopen.
Settlement of futures contracts, forward contracts and options involving
foreign currencies might be required to take place within the country issuing
the underlying currency. Thus, the Fund might be required to accept or make
delivery of the underlying foreign currency in accordance with any U.S. or
foreign regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by
U.S. residents and might be required to pay any fees, taxes and charges
associated with such delivery assessed in the issuing country.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements whereby the seller of the
security agrees to repurchase that security from the Fund at a mutually
agreed-upon time and price. The repurchase date is usually quite short, possibly
overnight or a few days, although it may extend over a number of months. The
resale price is in excess of the purchase price, reflecting an agreed-upon rate
of return effective for the period of time the Fund's money is invested in the
repurchase agreement. The Fund's repurchase agreements will at all times be
fully collateralized in an amount at least equal to the resale price. The
instruments held as collateral are valued daily, and if the value of the
instruments declines, the Fund will require additional collateral. If the seller
defaults and the value of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement
declines, the Fund may incur a loss.
B-14
<PAGE>
The Fund's repurchase agreements will be collateralized by cash or liquid
assets. The Fund will enter into repurchase transactions only with parties
meeting creditworthiness standards approved by the Fund's Board of Trustees. The
investment adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of such parties, under the
general supervision of the Board of Trustees. In the event of a default or
bankruptcy by a seller, the Fund may liquidate the collateral. To the extent
that the proceeds from any sale of such collateral upon a default in the
obligation to repurchase are less than the repurchase price, the Fund will
suffer a loss.
The Fund participates in a joint repurchase account with other investment
companies managed by Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC (PIFM) pursuant
to an order of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission). On a
daily basis, any uninvested cash balances of the Fund may be aggregated with
those of such investment companies and invested in one or more repurchase
agreements. Each fund participates in the income earned or accrued in the joint
account based on the percentage of its investment.
SHORT SALES AGAINST-THE-BOX
The Fund may make short sales of securities (sales of securities the Fund
does not own made in anticipation of a decline in market value) or maintain a
short position, provided that at all times when a short position is open, the
Fund owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for such securities; provided that if further consideration is
required in connection with the conversion or exchange, cash or other liquid
assets in an amount equal to such consideration must be segregated, for an equal
amount of the securities of the same issuer as the securities sold short (a
short sale against-the-box). Not more than 25% of the Fund's net assets
(determined at the time of the short sale) may be subject to such sales.
LENDING OF SECURITIES
Consistent with applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund may lend its
portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and financial institutions, provided
that outstanding loans do not exceed in the aggregate 33 1/3% of the value of
the Fund's total assets and provided that such loans are callable at any time by
the Fund and are at all times secured by cash or equivalent collateral
(including a secured letter of credit) that is equal to at least the market
value, determined daily, of the loaned securities. The advantage of such loans
is that the Fund continues to receive payments in lieu of the interest and
dividends on the loaned securities, while at the same time earning interest
either directly from the borrower or on the collateral which will be invested in
short-term obligations.
A loan may be terminated by the Fund at any time. If the borrower fails to
maintain the requisite amount of collateral, the loan automatically terminates,
and the Fund could use the collateral to replace the securities while holding
the borrower liable for any excess of replacement cost over collateral. As with
any extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery and in some cases
loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail
financially. However, these loans of portfolio securities will only be made to
firms determined to be creditworthy pursuant to procedures approved by the Board
of Trustees of the Fund. On termination of the loan, the borrower is required to
return the securities to the Fund, and any gain or loss in the market price
during the loan would inure to the Fund.
Since voting or consent rights which accompany loaned securities pass to the
borrower, the Fund will follow the policy of calling the loan, in whole or in
part as may be appropriate, to permit the exercise of such rights if the matters
involved would have a material effect on the Fund's investment in the securities
which are the subject of the loan. The Fund will pay reasonable finders',
administrative and custodial fees in connection with a loan of its securities or
may share the interest earned on collateral with the borrower.
WHEN-ISSUED AND DELAYED DELIVERY SECURITIES
The Fund may purchase or sell securities on a when-issued or delayed
delivery basis. When-issued or delayed delivery transactions arise when
securities are purchased or sold by the Fund with payment and delivery taking
place in the future in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous
price and yield to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction. The
Fund's Custodian will segregate cash or other liquid assets having a value equal
to or greater than the Fund's purchase commitments. The securities so purchased
are subject to market fluctuation and no interest accrues to the purchaser
during the period between purchase and settlement. At the time of delivery of
the securities the value may be more or less than the purchase price and an
increase in the percentage of the Fund's assets committed to the purchase of
securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may increase the
volatility of the Fund's net asset value.
BORROWING
The Fund may borrow an amount equal to no more than 33 1/3% of the value of
its total assets (calculated at the time of the borrowing) from banks for
temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes or for the clearance of
transactions. The Fund may pledge up to 33 1/3% of its total assets to secure
these borrowings. If the Fund's asset coverage for borrowings falls below 300%,
the Fund will take prompt action (within 3 days) to reduce its borrowings. If
the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of
B-15
<PAGE>
market fluctuations or other reasons, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio
securities to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though
it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at
that time. The Fund will not purchase portfolio securities when borrowings
exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES
The Fund may hold up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities,
including repurchase agreements which have a maturity of longer than seven days,
securities with legal or contractual restrictions on resale (restricted
securities) and securities that are not readily marketable in securities markets
either within or outside of the United States. Repurchase agreements subject to
demand are deemed to have a maturity equal to the applicable notice period.
Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to
contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act),
securities which are otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements
having a maturity of longer than seven days. Securities which have not been
registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placements or
restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the
secondary market. Mutual funds do not typically hold a significant amount of
these restricted or other illiquid securities because of the potential for
delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. Limitations on resale may have an
adverse effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and a mutual fund
might be unable to dispose of restricted or other illiquid securities promptly
or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying
redemptions within seven days. A mutual fund might also have to register such
restricted securities in order to dispose of them resulting in additional
expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering
of securities.
In recent years, however, a large institutional market has developed for
certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act including
repurchase agreements, commercial paper, foreign securities, municipal
securities, convertible securities and corporate bonds and notes. Institutional
investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the unregistered
security can be readily resold or on an issuer's ability to honor a demand for
repayment. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale
to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the
liquidity of such investments.
Rule 144A under the Securities Act allows for a broader institutional
trading market for securities otherwise subject to restriction on resale to the
general public. Rule 144A establishes a "safe harbor" from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act for resales of certain securities to
qualified institutional buyers. The investment adviser anticipates that the
market for certain restricted securities such as institutional commercial paper
and foreign securities will expand further as a result of this regulation and
the development of automated systems for the trading, clearance and settlement
of unregistered securities of domestic and foreign issuers, such as the PORTAL
System sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
Restricted securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the
Securities Act and privately-placed commercial paper for which there is a
readily available market are treated as liquid only when deemed liquid under
procedures established by the Board of Trustees. The Fund's investment in Rule
144A securities could have the effect of increasing illiquidity to the extent
that qualified institutional buyers become, for a limited time, uninterested in
purchasing Rule 144A securities. The investment adviser will monitor the
liquidity of such restricted securities subject to the supervision of the Board
of Trustees. In reaching liquidity decisions, the investment adviser will
consider, INTER ALIA, the following factors: (1) the frequency of trades and
quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers wishing to purchase or sell
the security and the number of other potential purchasers; (3) dealer
undertakings to make a market in the security and (4) the nature of the security
and the nature of the marketplace trades (E.G., the time needed to dispose of
the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of the
transfer). In addition, in order for commercial paper that is issued in reliance
on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act to be considered liquid, (i) it must be
rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least two nationally
recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSRO), or if only one NRSRO rates
the securities, by that NRSRO, or, if unrated, be of comparable quality in the
view of the investment adviser; and (ii) it must not be "traded flat" (I.E.,
without accrued interest) or in default as to principal or interest. Repurchase
agreements subject to demand are deemed to have a maturity equal to the notice
period.
SECURITIES OF OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES
The Fund is permitted to invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities
of other investment companies and may purchase affiliated investment company
shares as permitted by the Commission. The Fund does not intend to invest in
such securities during the coming year. If the Fund does invest in securities of
other investment companies, shareholders of the Fund may be subject to duplicate
management and advisory fees. See "Investment Restrictions."
SEGREGATED ASSETS
The Fund will segregate with its Custodian, State Street Bank and Trust
Company (State Street), cash, U.S. Government securities, equity securities
(including foreign securities), debt securities or other liquid, unencumbered
assets, equal in value to its obligations in respect of potentially leveraged
transactions. These include forward contracts, when-issued and delayed delivery
securities, futures contracts, written options and options on futures contracts
(unless otherwise covered). If collateralized or otherwise covered, in
accordance with Commission guidelines, these will not be deemed to be senior
securities. The assets segregated will be marked-to-market daily.
B-16
<PAGE>
(d) DEFENSIVE STRATEGY AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
When conditions dictate a defensive strategy, the Fund may temporarily
invest without limit in money market instruments, including commercial paper of
corporations, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and other
obligations of domestic and foreign banks, non-convertible debt securities
(corporate and government), obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or its instrumentalities, repurchase agreements and
cash (foreign currencies or United States dollars). Such investments may be
subject to certain risks, including future political and economic developments,
the possible imposition of withholding taxes on interest income, the seizure or
nationalization of foreign deposits and foreign exchange controls or other
restrictions.
(e) PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
As a result of the investment policies described above, the Fund may engage
in a substantial number of portfolio transactions, but the Fund's portfolio
turnover rate is not expected to exceed 100%. The portfolio turnover rate is
generally the percentage computed by dividing the lesser of portfolio purchases
or sales (excluding all securities, including options, whose maturities or
expiration date at acquisition were one year or less) by the monthly average
value of the portfolio. High portfolio turnover (over 100%) involves
correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which
are borne directly by the Fund. In addition, high portfolio turnover may also
mean that a proportionately greater amount of distributions to shareholders will
be taxed as ordinary income rather than long-term capital gains compared to
investment companies with lower portfolio turnover. See "Brokerage Allocation
and Other Practices" and "Taxes, Dividends and Distributions."
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following restrictions are fundamental policies. Fundamental policies
are those which cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a
majority of the Fund's outstanding voting securities. A "majority of the Fund's
outstanding voting securities," when used in this Statement of Additional
Information, means with respect to the Fund, the lesser of (1) 67% of the shares
represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding voting shares
are present in person or represented by proxy or (2) more than 50% of the
outstanding voting shares.
The Fund may not:
1. Issue senior securities, borrow money or pledge its assets, except that
the Fund may borrow from banks up to 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets
(calculated when the loan is made) for temporary, extraordinary or emergency
purposes or for the clearance of transactions. The Fund may pledge up to 33 1/3%
of the value of its total assets to secure such borrowings. For purposes of this
restriction, the purchase or sale of securities on a when-issued or delayed
delivery basis, forward foreign currency exchange contracts and collateral
arrangements relating thereto, and collateral arrangements with respect to
futures contracts and options thereon and with respect to the writing of options
and obligations of the Fund to Trustees pursuant to deferred compensation
arrangements are not deemed to be a pledge of assets subject to this
restriction.
2. Purchase any security (other than obligations of the U.S. Government, its
agencies or instrumentalities) if as a result, with respect to 75% of the Fund's
total assets, more than 5% of the Fund's total assets (determined at the time of
investment) would then be invested in securities of a single issuer.
3. Buy or sell real estate or interests in real estate, except that the Fund
may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate, securities of
companies which invest or deal in real estate and publicly traded securities of
real estate investment trusts.
4. Buy or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except that the Fund may
purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options thereon, and forward
foreign currency exchange contracts.
5. Act as underwriter except to the extent that, in connection with the
disposition of portfolio securities, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under
certain federal securities laws.
6. Make loans, except through (i) repurchase agreements and (ii) loans of
portfolio securities limited to 33 1/3 of the Fund's total assets.
7. Purchase any security (other than obligations of the U.S. Government, its
agencies or instrumentalities) if as a result 25% or more of the Fund's total
assets (determined at the time of investment) would be invested in a single
industry.
Whenever any fundamental investment policy or investment restriction states
a maximum percentage of the Fund's assets, it is intended that if the percentage
limitation is met at the time the investment is made, a later change in
percentage resulting from changing total or net asset values will not be
considered a violation of such policy. However, in the event that the Fund's
asset coverage for borrowings falls below 300%, the Fund will take prompt action
to reduce its borrowings, as required by applicable law.
B-17
<PAGE>
Although not fundamental, the Fund has the following additional investment
restrictions.
The Fund may not:
1. Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions); provided that
the deposit or payment by the Fund of initial or maintenance margin in
connection with futures or options is not considered the purchase of a security
on margin.
2. Make short sales of securities. Short sales "against-the-box" are not
subject to this limitation.
3. Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management.
4. Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding voting securities of any one
issuer.
5. Invest in securities of other investment companies, except: (i) purchases
in the open market involving only customary brokerage commissions and as a
result of which the Fund will not hold more than 3% of the outstanding voting
securities of any one investment company, will not have invested more than 5% of
its total assets in any one investment company and will not have invested more
than 10% of its total assets (determined at the time of investment) in such
securities of one or more investment companies, (ii) as part of a merger,
consolidation or other acquisition, or (iii) purchases of affiliated investment
company shares pursuant to and subject to such limits as the Commission may
impose by rule or order.
B-18
<PAGE>
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS
NAME AND ADDRESS** (AGE) POSITION WITH FUND DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- ---------------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Edward D. Beach (73) Trustee President and Director of BMC Fund, Inc., a closed-end
investment company; previously, Vice Chairman of Broyhill
Furniture Industries, Inc.; Certified Public Accountant;
Secretary and Treasurer of Broyhill Family Foundation,
Inc.; Member of the Board of Trustees of Mars Hill
College and Director or Trustee of funds within the
Prudential Mutual Funds.
Delayne Dedrick Gold (59) Trustee Marketing and Management Consultant and Director or
Trustee of funds within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
*Robert F. Gunia (51) Vice President and Trustee Vice President (since September 1997) of Prudential;
Executive Vice President and Treasurer (since December
1996) of Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC
(PIFM); Senior Vice President (since March 1987) of
Prudential Securities Incorporated (Prudential
Securities); formerly Chief Administrative Officer (July
1990-September 1996), Director (January 1989-September
1996) and Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief
Financial Officer (June 1987-September 1996) of
Prudential Mutual Fund Management, Inc.; Vice President
and Director (since May 1989) of The Asia Pacific Fund,
Inc. and Director or Trustee of funds within the
Prudential Mutual Funds.
Douglas H. McCorkindale (58) Trustee Vice Chairman (since March 1984) and President (since
September 1997) of Gannett Co. Inc. (publishing and
media); Director of Gannett Co. Inc., Frontier
Corporation and Continental Airlines, Inc. and Director
or Trustee of funds within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
*Mendel A. Melzer, CFA (38) Trustee Chief Investment Officer (since October 1996) of
751 Broad Street Prudential Investments Asset Management; formerly Chief
Newark, NJ 07102 Financial Officer (November 1995-September 1996) of
Prudential Investments, Senior Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer (April 1993-November 1995) of
Prudential Preferred Financial Services, Managing
Director (April 1991-April 1993) of Prudential Investment
Advisors and Senior Vice President (July 1989-April 1991)
of Prudential Capital Corporation; Chairman and Director
of Prudential Series Fund, Inc. and Director or Trustee
of funds within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
Thomas T. Mooney (56) Trustee President of the Greater Rochester Metro Chamber of
Commerce; former Rochester City Manager; Trustee of
Center for Governmental Research, Inc.; Director of Blue
Cross of Rochester, Monroe County Water Authority,
Rochester Jobs, Inc., Executive Service Corps of
Rochester, Monroe County Industrial Development
Corporation, Northeast-Midwest Institute and The Business
Council of New York State; President, Director and
Treasurer of First Financial Fund, Inc. and The High
Yield Plus Fund, Inc. and Director or Trustee of funds
within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
</TABLE>
B-19
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS
NAME AND ADDRESS** (AGE) POSITION WITH FUND DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- ---------------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Stephen P. Munn (55) Trustee Chairman (since January 1994), Director and President
(since 1988) and Chief Executive Officer (1988-December
1993) of Carlisle Companies Incorporated (manufacturer of
industrial products) and Director or Trustee of funds
within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
*Richard A. Redeker (54) Trustee Employee of Prudential Investments; formerly President,
751 Broad Street Chief Executive Officer and Director (October
Newark, NJ 07102 1993-September 1996) of Prudential Mutual Fund
Management, Inc., Executive Vice President, Director and
Member of the Operating Committee (October 1993-September
1996) of Prudential Securities, Director (October
1993-September 1996) of Prudential Securities Group,
Inc., Executive Vice President (January 1994-September
1996) of The Prudential Investment Corporation, Director
(January 1994-September 1996) of Prudential Mutual Fund
Distributors, Inc. and Prudential Mutual Fund Services,
Inc. and Senior Executive Vice President and Director
(September 1978-September 1993) of Kemper Financial
Services, Inc.; President and Director of The High Yield
Income Fund, Inc.
Robin B. Smith (58) Trustee Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since August 1996),
formerly President and Chief Executive Officer (January
1988-August 1996) and President and Chief Operating
Officer (September 1981-December 1988) of Publishers
Clearing House; Director of BellSouth Corporation, Texaco
Inc., Springs Industries Inc. and Kmart Corporation and
Director or Trustee of funds within the Prudential
Mutual Funds.
*Brian M. Storms (44) President and Trustee President (since October 1998), Prudential Investments;
President (September 1996-October 1998), Prudential
Mutual Funds, Annuities and Investment Management
Services; Managing Director (July 1991-September 1996),
Fidelity Investment Institutional Services Company, Inc.;
President (October 1989-September 1991), J.K. Schofield
and Senior Vice President (September 1982-October 1989),
INVEST Financial Corporation.
Louis A. Weil, III (57) Trustee Chairman (since January 1999), President and Chief
Executive Officer (since January 1996) and Director
(since September 1991) of Central Newspapers, Inc.;
Chairman of the Board (since January 1996), Publisher and
Chief Executive Officer (August 1991-December 1995) of
Phoenix Newspapers, Inc.; formerly Publisher (May
1989-March 1991) of Time Magazine, President, Publisher &
Chief Executive Officer (February 1986-August 1989) of
The Detroit News and member of the Advisory Board, Chase
Manhattan Bank-Westchester; Director of The High Yield
Income Fund, Inc. and Director or Trustee of funds
within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
Clay T. Whitehead (59) Trustee President (since May 1983) of National Exchange Inc. (new
business development firm) and Director or Trustee of
funds within the Prudential Mutual Funds.
</TABLE>
B-20
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS
NAME AND ADDRESS** (AGE) POSITION WITH FUND DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- ---------------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Grace C. Torres (39) Treasurer and Principal First Vice President (since December 1996) of PIFM; First
Financial and Accounting Vice President (since March 1993) of Prudential
Officer Securities; formerly First Vice President (March
1994-September 1996) of Prudential Mutual Fund
Management, Inc. and Vice President (July 1989-March
1994) of Bankers Trust Corporation.
Marguerite E. H. Morrison (42) Secretary Vice President and Associate General Counsel (since
December 1996) of PIFM; Vice President and Associate
General Counsel of Prudential Securities; formerly Vice
President and Associate General Counsel (June
1991-September 1996) of Prudential Mutual Fund
Management, Inc.
Stephen M. Ungerman (44) Assistant Treasurer Tax Director (since March 1996) of Prudential Investments;
formerly First Vice President (February 1993-September
1996) of Prudential Mutual Fund Management, Inc.
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* "Interested" Trustee, as defined in the Investment Company Act, by reason of
affiliation with Prudential Securities, Prudential or PIFM.
** Unless otherwise indicated, the address of the Trustees and officers is c/o
Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC, Gateway Center Three, 100
Mulberry Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102-4077.
Trustees and officers of the Fund are also trustees, directors and officers
of some or all of the other investment companies distributed by Prudential
Investment Management Services LLC.
The Fund has Trustees who, in addition to overseeing the actions of the
Fund's Manager, investment adviser and Distributor, decide upon matters of
general policy. The Trustees also review the actions of the Fund's officers, who
conduct and supervise the daily business operations of the Fund.
The Trustees have adopted a retirement policy which calls for the retirement
of Trustees on December 31 of the year in which they reach the age of 72, except
that retirement is being phased in for Trustees of Prudential Mutual Funds who
were age 68 or older as of December 31, 1993. Under this phase-in provision, Mr.
Beach is scheduled to retire on December 31, 1999.
Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement with the Fund, the Manager
pays all compensation of officers and employees of the Fund as well as the fees
and expenses of all Trustees of the Fund who are affiliated persons of the
Manager. The Fund pays each of its Trustees who is not an affiliated person of
PIFM or the investment adviser annual compensation of $2,000, in addition to
certain out-of-pocket expenses. The amount of annual compensation paid to each
Trustee may change as a result of the introduction of additional funds on the
boards of which the Trustee will be asked to serve.
Trustees may receive their Trustees' fees pursuant to a deferred fee
agreement with the Fund. Under the terms of the agreement, the Fund accrues
daily the amount of Trustees' fees in installments which accrue interest at a
rate equivalent to the prevailing rate applicable to 90-day U.S. Treasury bills
at the beginning of each calendar quarter or, pursuant to a Commission exemptive
order, at the daily rate of return of the Fund (the Fund rate). Payment of the
interest so accrued is also deferred and accruals become payable at the option
of the Trustee. The Fund's obligation to make payments of deferred Trustees'
fees, together with interest thereon, is a general obligation of the Fund.
B-21
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the estimated aggregate compensation
estimated to be paid by the Fund for the fiscal period ending October 31, 1999
to the Trustees who are not affiliated with the Manager and the aggregate
compensation paid to such Trustees for service on the Fund's Board and the
boards of all other investment companies managed by PIFM (Fund Complex) for the
calendar year ended December 31, 1998.
COMPENSATION TABLE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL 1998
COMPENSATION
AGGREGATE FROM FUND
COMPENSATION COMPLEX PAID
NAME OF TRUSTEE FROM FUND TO TRUSTEES
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ ----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Edward D. Beach.................................................................... $ 2,000 $135,000(38/63)*
Delayne Dedrick Gold............................................................... 2,000 135,000(38/63)*
Robert F. Gunia+................................................................... None None
Douglas H. McCorkindale**.......................................................... 2,000 70,000(20/35)*
Mendel A. Melzer+.................................................................. None None
Thomas T. Mooney**................................................................. 2,000 115,000(31/64)*
Stephen P. Munn.................................................................... 2,000 45,000(15/21)*
Richard A. Redeker+................................................................ None None
Robin B. Smith**................................................................... 2,000 90,000(27/34)*
Brian M. Storms+................................................................... None None
Louis A. Weil, III................................................................. 2,000 90,000(26/50)*
Clay T. Whitehead.................................................................. 2,000 45,000(15/21)*
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* Indicates number of funds/portfolios in Fund Complex to which aggregate
compensation relates.
** Total compensation from all of the funds in the Fund Complex for the
calendar year ended December 31, 1997, includes amounts deferred at the
election of Trustees under the funds' deferred compensation plans. Including
accrued interest, total compensation amounted to $ , $ and $ for
Messrs. McCorkindale and Mooney and Ms. Smith, respectively.
+ Messrs. Gunia, Melzer, Redeker and Storms, who are interested Trustees, do
not receive compensation from the Fund or any fund in the Fund Complex.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
Trustees of the Fund are eligible to purchase Class Z shares of the Fund,
which are sold without either an initial sales charge or contingent deferred
sales charge to a limited group of investors.
As of December 8, 1998, the Trustees and officers of the Fund, as a group,
owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As of such date, PIFM
owned all of the Fund's outstanding shares and controlled the Fund.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
(a) MANAGER AND INVESTMENT ADVISER
The manager of the Fund is Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC (PIFM
or the Manager), Gateway Center Three, 100 Mulberry Street, Newark, New Jersey
07102-4077. PIFM serves as manager to all of the other investment companies
that, together with the Funds, comprise the Prudential Mutual Funds. See "How
the Fund is Managed--Manager" in the Prospectus of the Fund. As of ,
1998, PIFM managed and/or administered open-end and closed-end management
investment companies with assets of approximately $ billion. According to the
Investment Company Institute, as of December 31, 1998, the Prudential Mutual
Funds were the largest family of mutual funds in the United States.
PIFM is a subsidiary of Prudential Securities and Prudential. Prudential
Mutual Fund Services LLC (PMFS or the Transfer Agent), a wholly owned subsidiary
of PIFM, serves as the transfer agent for the Prudential Mutual Funds and, in
addition, provides customer service, recordkeeping and management and
administration services to qualified plans.
Pursuant to the Management Agreement with the Fund (the Management
Agreement), PIFM, subject to the supervision of the Fund's Board of Trustees and
in conformity with the stated policies of the Fund, manages both the investment
operations of the
B-22
<PAGE>
Fund and the composition of the Fund's portfolio, including the purchase,
retention, disposition and loan of securities and other assets. In connection
therewith, PIFM is obligated to keep certain books and records of the Fund. PIFM
also administers the Fund's business affairs and, in connection therewith,
furnishes the Fund with office facilities, together with those ordinary clerical
and bookkeeping services which are not being furnished by State Street Bank and
Trust Company, the Fund's custodian (the Custodian), and PMFS, the Fund's
transfer and dividend disbursing agent. The management services of PIFM for the
Fund are not exclusive under the terms of the Management Agreement and PIFM is
free to, and does, render management services to others.
For its services, PIFM receives, pursuant to the Management Agreement, a fee
at an annual rate of .65 of 1% of the Fund's average daily net assets. The fee
is computed daily and payable monthly.
In connection with its management of the business affairs of the Fund, PIFM
bears the following expenses:
(a) the salaries and expenses of all personnel of the Fund and the Manager,
except the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not affiliated persons of PIFM
or the Fund's investment adviser;
(b) all expenses incurred by PIFM or by the Fund in connection with managing
the ordinary course of the Fund's business, other than those assumed by the Fund
as described below; and
(c) the costs and expenses payable to The Prudential Investment Corporation,
doing business as Prudential Investments (PI, the investment adviser or the
Subadviser) pursuant to the subadvisory agreement between PIFM and PI (the
Subadvisory Agreement).
Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Fund is responsible for the
payment of the following expenses: (a) the fees payable to the Manager, (b) the
fees and expenses of Trustees who are not affiliated persons of the Manager or
the Fund's investment adviser, (c) the fees and certain expenses of the
Custodian and Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent, including the cost of
providing records to the Manager in connection with its obligation of
maintaining required records of the Fund and of pricing the Fund's shares, (d)
the charges and expenses of legal counsel and independent accountants for the
Fund, (e) brokerage commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable to
the Fund in connection with its securities transactions, (f) all taxes and
corporate fees payable by the Fund to governmental agencies, (g) the fees of any
trade associations of which the Fund may be a member, (h) the cost of share
certificates representing shares of the Fund, (i) the cost of fidelity and
liability insurance, (j) the fees and expenses involved in registering and
maintaining registration of the Fund and of its shares with the Commission,
including the preparation and printing of the Fund's registration statements and
prospectuses for such purposes, and paying the fees and expenses of notice
filings made in accordance with state securities laws, (k) allocable
communications expenses with respect to investor services and all expenses of
shareholders' and Trustees' meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing
reports, proxy statements and prospectuses to shareholders in the amount
necessary for distribution to the shareholders, (l) litigation and
indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the
ordinary course of the Fund's business and (m) distribution fees.
The Management Agreement provides that PIFM will not be liable for any error
of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters
to which the Management Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duty. The
Management Agreement provides that it will terminate automatically if assigned,
and that it may be terminated without penalty by either party upon not more than
60 days' nor less than 30 days' written notice. The Management Agreement will
continue in effect for a period of more than two years from the date of
execution only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least
annually in conformity with the Investment Company Act.
PIFM has entered into a Subadvisory Agreement with PI. The Subadvisory
Agreement provides that PI will furnish investment advisory services in
connection with the management of the Fund. In connection therewith, PI is
obligated to keep certain books and records of the Fund. Under the Subadvisory
Agreement, PI, subject to the supervision of PIFM, is responsible for managing
the assets of the Fund in accordance with its investment objective, investment
program and policies. PI determines what securities and other instruments are
purchased and sold for the Fund and is responsible for obtaining and evaluating
financial data relevant to the Fund. PIFM continues to have responsibility for
all investment advisory services pursuant to the Management Agreement. Under the
Subadvisory Agreement, PI is reimbursed by PIFM for the reasonable costs and
expenses incurred by PI in furnishing those services.
The Subadvisory Agreement provides that it will terminate in the event of
its assignment (as defined in the Investment Company Act) or upon the
termination of the Management Agreement. The Subadvisory Agreement may be
terminated by the Fund, PIFM or the Subadviser upon not more than 60 days', nor
less than 30 days', written notice. The Subadvisory Agreement provides that it
will continue in effect for a period of more than two years from its execution
only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in
accordance with the requirements of the Investment Company Act.
B-23
<PAGE>
(b) PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER, DISTRIBUTOR AND RULE 12b-1 PLANS
Prudential Investment Management Services LLC (PIMS or the Distributor),
Gateway Center Three, 100 Mulberry Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102-4077, acts
as the distributor of the shares of the Fund.
Pursuant to separate Distribution and Service Plans (the Class A Plan, the
Class B Plan and the Class C Plan, collectively, the Plans) adopted by the Fund
under Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act and a distribution agreement
(the Distribution Agreement), the Distributor incurs the expenses of
distributing the Fund's Class A, Class B and Class C shares, respectively. The
Distributor also incurs the expenses of distributing the Class Z shares under
the Distribution Agreement with the Fund, none of which are reimbursed by or
paid for by the Fund.
The expenses incurred under the Plans include commissions and account
servicing fees paid to, or on account of, brokers or financial institutions
which have entered into agreements with the Distributor, advertising expenses,
the cost of printing and mailing prospectuses to potential investors and
indirect and overhead costs of the Distributor associated with the sale of Fund
shares, including lease, utility, communications and sales promotion expenses.
The distribution and/or service fees may also be used by the Distributor to
compensate on a continuing basis brokers in consideration for the distribution,
marketing, administrative and other services and activities provided by brokers
with respect to the promotion of the sale of the Fund's shares and the
maintenance of related shareholder accounts.
Under the Plans, the Fund is obligated to pay distribution and/or service
fees to the Distributor as compensation for its distribution and service
activities, not as reimbursement for specific expenses incurred. If the
Distributor's expenses exceed its distribution and service fees, the Fund will
not be obligated to pay any additional expenses. If the Distributor's expenses
are less than such distribution and service fees, it will retain its full fees
and realize a profit.
The distribution and/or service fees may also be used by the Distributor to
compensate on a continuing basis brokers in consideration for the distribution,
marketing, administrative and other services and activities provided by brokers
with respect to the promotion of the Fund's shares and the maintenance of
related shareholder accounts.
CLASS A PLAN. Under the Class A Plan, the Fund may pay the Distributor for
its distribution-related activities with respect to Class A shares at an annual
rate of up to .30 of 1% of the average net assets of the Class A shares. The
Class A Plan provides that (1) .25 of 1% of the average daily net assets of the
Class A shares may be used to pay for personal service and the maintenance of
shareholder accounts (service fee) and (2) total distribution fees (including
the service fee of .25 of 1%) may not exceed .30 of 1%. The Distributor has
agreed to limit its distribution-related fees payable under the Class A Plan to
.25 of 1% of the average daily net assets of the Class A shares. This voluntary
waiver may be terminated at any time without notice.
CLASS B AND CLASS C PLANS. Under the Class B and Class C Plans, the Fund
pays the Distributor for its distribution-related activities with respect to
Class B and Class C shares at an annual rate of up to 1% of the average daily
net assets of each of the Class B and Class C shares. The Class B and Class C
Plans provide that (1) up to .25 of 1% of the average daily net assets of the
Class B and Class C shares, respectively, may be paid as a service fee and (2)
up to .75 of 1% (not including the service fee) may be paid for
distribution-related expenses with respect to the Class B and Class C shares,
respectively (asset-based sales charge). The service fee (.25 of 1% of average
daily net assets) is used to pay for personal service and/or the maintenance of
shareholder accounts. The Distributor also receives contingent deferred sales
charges from certain redeeming shareholders.
Distribution expenses attributable to the sale of Class A, Class B and Class
C shares of the Fund are allocated to each such class based upon the ratio of
sales of each such class to the sales of Class A, Class B and Class B shares of
the Fund other than expenses allocable to a particular class. The distribution
fee and sales charge of one class will not be used to subsidize the sale of
another class.
The Class A, Class B and Class C Plans will continue in effect from year to
year, provided that each such continuance is approved at least annually by a
vote of the Board of Trustees, including a majority vote of the Trustees who are
not interested persons of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial
interest in the operation of the Plans or in any agreement related to the Plans
(the Rule 12b-1 Trustees), at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such
continuance. A Plan may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by the vote
of a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees or by the vote of the holders of a
majority of the outstanding shares of the applicable class of the Fund on not
more than 60 days', nor less than 30 days', written notice to any other party to
the Plan. The Plans may not be amended to increase materially the amounts to be
spent for the services described therein without approval by the shareholders of
the applicable class, and all material amendments are required to be approved by
the Board of Trustees in the manner described above. Each Plan will
automatically terminate in the event of its assignment. The Fund will not be
obligated to pay expenses incurred under any Plan if it is terminated or not
continued.
B-24
<PAGE>
Pursuant to each Plan, the Board of Trustees will review at least quarterly
a written report of the distribution expenses incurred on behalf of each class
of shares of the Fund by the Distributor. The report will include an itemization
of the distribution expenses and the purposes of such expenditures. In addition,
as long as the Plans remain in effect, the selection and nomination of Rule
12b-1 Trustees shall be committed to the Rule 12b-1 Trustees.
Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Fund has agreed to indemnify the
Distributor to the extent permitted by applicable law against certain
liabilities under the federal securities laws.
In addition to distribution and service fees paid by the Fund under the
Plans, the Manager (or one of its affiliates) may make payments to dealers
(including Prudential Securities) and other persons which distribute shares of
the Fund (including Class Z shares). Such payments may be calculated by
reference to the net asset value of shares sold by such persons or otherwise.
PIFM may from time to time waive all or a portion of its management fee and
subsidize all or a portion of the operating expenses of the Fund. In addition,
the Distributor has agreed to waive a portion of its distribution fees for the
Class A shares as described above. Fee waivers and subsidies will increase the
Fund's total return. These voluntary waivers may be terminated at any time
without notice.
NASD MAXIMUM SALES CHARGE RULE
Pursuant to rules of the NASD, the Distributor is required to limit
aggregate initial sales charges, deferred sales charges and asset-based sales
charges to 6.25% of total gross sales of each class of shares. In the case of
Class B shares, interest charges equal to the prime rate plus one percent per
annum may be added to the 6.25% limitation. Sales from the reinvestment of
dividends and distributions are not required to be included in the calculation
of the 6.25% limitation. The annual asset-based sales charge with respect to
Class B and Class C shares of the Fund may not exceed .75 of 1%. The 6.25%
limitation applies to the Fund rather than on a per shareholder basis. If
aggregate sales charges were to exceed 6.25% of total gross sales of any class,
all sales charges on shares of that class would be suspended.
(c) OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Heritage Drive, North Quincy,
Massachusetts 02171, serves as Custodian for the Fund's portfolio securities and
cash and, in that capacity, maintains certain financial and accounting books and
records pursuant to an agreement with the Fund. Subcustodians provide custodial
services for the Fund's foreign assets held outside the United States.
Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (PMFS), Raritan Plaza One, Edison, New
Jersey 08837, serves as the transfer and dividend disbursing agent of the Fund.
PMFS is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PIFM. PMFS provides customary transfer
agency services to the Fund, including the handling of shareholder
communications, the processing of shareholder transactions, the maintenance of
shareholder account records, the payment of dividends and distributions and
related functions. For these services, PMFS receives an annual fee per
shareholder account of $9.00, a new account set-up fee of $2.00 for each
manually established account and a monthly inactive zero balance account fee of
$0.20 per shareholder account. PMFS is also reimbursed for its out-of-pocket
expenses, including but not limited to postage, stationery, printing, allocable
communication expenses and other costs.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, New York, New York 10036, serves as the Fund's
independent accountants and in that capacity audits the Fund's annual financial
statements.
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES
The Manager is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities, futures
and options on securities and futures for the Fund, the selection of brokers,
dealers and futures commission merchants to effect the transactions and the
negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. The term "Manager" as used in this
section includes the Subadviser. Broker-dealers may receive negotiated brokerage
commissions on Fund portfolio transactions, including options and the purchase
and sale of underlying securities upon the exercise of options. On foreign
securities exchanges, commissions may be fixed. Orders may be directed to any
broker or futures commission merchant including, to the extent and in the manner
permitted by applicable law, Prudential Securities and its affiliates.
Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market and bonds, including
convertible bonds, are generally traded on a "net" basis with dealers acting as
principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the price
of the security usually includes a profit to the dealer. In underwritten
offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price which includes an amount of
compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter's
concession or discount. On occasion, certain money market instruments and U.S.
Government agency securities may be purchased directly from the issuer, in which
case no commissions or discounts are paid. The Fund will not deal with
Prudential Securities or any affiliate in any transaction in which
B-25
<PAGE>
Prudential Securities or any affiliate acts as principal, except in accordance
with rules of the Commission. Thus, it will not deal in the over-the-counter
market with Prudential Securities acting as market maker, and it will not
execute a negotiated trade with Prudential Securities if execution involves
Prudential Securities' acting as principal with respect to any part of the
Fund's order.
In placing orders for portfolio securities of the Fund, the Manager's
overriding objective is to obtain the best possible combination of price and
execution. The Manager seeks to effect each transaction at a price and
commission that provides the most favorable total cost or proceeds reasonably
attainable in the circumstances. The factors that the Manager may consider in
selecting a particular broker, dealer or futures commission merchant (firms) are
the Manager's knowledge of negotiated commission rates currently available and
other current transaction costs; the nature of the portfolio transaction; the
size of the transaction; the desired timing of the trade; the activity existing
and expected in the market for the particular transaction; confidentiality; the
execution, clearance and settlement capabilities of the firms; the availability
of research and research related services provided through such firms; the
Manager's knowledge of the financial stability of the firms; the Manager's
knowledge of actual or apparent operational problems of firms; and the amount of
capital, if any, that would be contributed by firms executing the transaction.
Given these factors, the Fund may pay transaction costs in excess of that which
another firm might have charged for effecting the same transaction.
When the Manager selects a firm that executes orders or is a party to
portfolio transactions, relevant factors taken into consideration are whether
that firm has furnished research and research related products and/or services,
such as research reports, research compilations, statistical and economic data,
computer data bases, quotation equipment and services, research oriented
computer software, hardware and services, reports concerning the performance of
accounts, valuations of securities, investment related periodicals, investment
seminars and other economic services and consultants. Such services are used in
connection with some or all of the Manager's investment activities; some of such
services, obtained in connection with the execution of transactions for one
investment account, may be used in managing other accounts, and not all of these
services may be used in connection with the Fund.
The Manager maintains an internal allocation procedure to identify those
firms who have provided it with research and research related products and/or
services, and the amount that was provided, and to endeavor to direct sufficient
commissions to them to ensure the continued receipt of those services that the
Manager believes provides a benefit to the Fund and its other clients. The
Manager makes a good faith determination that the research and/or service is
reasonable in light of the type of service provided and the price and execution
of the related portfolio transactions.
When the Manager deems the purchase or sale of equities to be in the best
interests of the Fund or its other clients, including Prudential, the Manager
may, but is under no obligation to, aggregate the transactions in order to
obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and efficient
execution. In such event, allocation of the transactions, as well as the
expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Manager in the manner
it considers to be most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations
to its clients. The allocation of orders among firms and the commission rates
paid are renewed periodically by the Fund's Trustees. Portfolio securities may
not be purchased from any underwriting or selling syndicate of which Prudential
Securities, or an affiliate during the existence of the syndicate, is a
principal underwriter (as defined in the Investment Company Act), except in
accordance with rules of the Commission. This limitation, in the opinion of the
Fund, will not significantly affect the Fund's ability to pursue its present
investment objective. However, in the future in other circumstances, the Fund
may be at a disadvantage because of this limitation in comparison to other funds
with similar objectives but not subject to such limitations.
Subject to the above considerations, Prudential Securities (or any
affiliate) may act as a securities broker or futures commission merchant for the
Fund. In order for Prudential Securities (or any affiliate) to effect any
portfolio transactions for the Fund, the commissions, fees or other remuneration
received by Prudential Securities (or any affiliate) must be reasonable and fair
compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to other firms in
connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities or futures
being purchased or sold on an exchange during a comparable period of time. This
standard would allow Prudential Securities (or any affiliate) to receive no more
than the remuneration which would be expected to be received by an unaffiliated
firm in a commensurate arm's-length transaction. Furthermore, the Board of
Trustees of the Fund, including a majority of the Trustees who are not
"interested" persons, has adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to
provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to Prudential
Securities (or any affiliate) are consistent with the foregoing standard. In
accordance with Section 11(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, Prudential Securities may not retain compensation for effecting
transactions on a national securities exchange for the Fund unless the Fund has
expressly authorized the retention of such compensation. Prudential Securities
must furnish to the Fund at least annually a statement setting forth the total
amount of all compensation retained by Prudential Securities from transactions
effected for the Fund during the applicable period. Brokerage and futures
transactions with Prudential Securities are also subject to such fiduciary
standards as may be imposed by applicable law.
B-26
<PAGE>
CAPITAL SHARES, OTHER SECURITIES AND ORGANIZATION
The Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial
interest, $.001 par value per share, divided into four classes, designated Class
A, Class B, Class C and Class Z. Each class of shares of the Fund represents an
interest in the same assets of the Fund and is identical in all respects except
that (1) each class is subject to different sales charges and distribution
and/or service fees (except for Class Z shares, which are not subject to any
sales charges and distribution and/or service fees), which may affect
performance, (2) each class has exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted
to shareholders that relates solely to its arrangement and has separate voting
rights on any matter submitted to shareholders in which the interests of one
class differ from the interests of any other class, (3) each class has a
different exchange privilege, (4) only Class B shares have a conversion feature
and (5) Class Z shares are offered exclusively for sale to a limited group of
investors. In accordance with the Fund's Declaration of Trust, the Board of
Trustees may authorize the creation of additional series of shares and classes
within such series, with such preferences, privileges, limitations and voting
and dividend rights as the Trustees may determine.
Shares of the Fund, when issued, are fully paid, nonassessable, fully
transferable and redeemable at the option of the holder. Shares are also
redeemable at the option of the Fund under certain circumstances. Each share of
each class is equal as to earnings, assets and voting privileges, except as
noted above, and each class (with the exception of Class Z shares, which are not
subject to any distribution or service fees) bears the expenses related to the
distribution of its shares. Except for the conversion feature applicable to the
Class B shares, there are no conversion, preemptive or other subscription
rights. In the event of liquidation, each share of the Fund is entitled to its
portion of all of the Fund's assets after all debts and expenses of the Fund
have been paid. Since Class B and Class C shares generally bear higher
distribution expenses than Class A shares, the liquidation proceeds to
shareholders of those classes are likely to be lower than to Class A
shareholders and to Class Z shareholders, whose shares are not subject to any
distribution and/or service fees. The Fund's shares do not have cumulative
voting rights for the election of Trustees.
The Fund does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders unless
otherwise required by law. The Fund will not be required to hold meetings of
shareholders unless, for example, the election of Trustees is required to be
acted on by shareholders under the Investment Company Act. Shareholders have
certain rights, including the right to call a meeting upon a vote of 10% or more
of the Fund's outstanding shares for the purpose of voting on the removal of one
or more Trustees or to transact any other business.
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF FUND SHARES
Shares of the Fund may be purchased at a price equal to the next determined
net asset value (NAV) per share plus a sales charge which, at the election of
the investor, may be imposed either (1) at the time of purchase (Class A or
Class C shares) or (2) on a deferred basis (Class B or Class C shares). Class Z
shares of the Fund are offered to a limited group of investors at NAV without
any sales charges.
Each class of shares represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund
and is identical in all respects except that (1) each class is subject to
different sales charges and distribution and/or service fees (except for Class Z
shares, which are not subject to any sales charges and distribution and/or
service fees), which may affect performance, (2) each class has exclusive voting
rights with respect to any matter submitted to shareholders that relates solely
to its arrangement and has separate voting rights on any matter submitted to
shareholders in which the interests of one class differ from the interests of
any other class, (3) each class has a different change privilege, (4) only Class
B shares have a conversion feature and (5) Class Z shares are offered
exclusively for sale to a limited group of investors.
PURCHASE BY WIRE. For an initial purchase of shares of the Fund by wire, you
must complete an application and telephone PMFS at (800) 225-1852 (toll-free) to
receive an account number. The following information will be requested: your
name, address, tax identification number, class election, dividend distribution
election, amount being wired and wiring bank. Instructions should then be given
by you to your bank to transfer funds by wire to State Street Bank and Trust
Company (State Street), Boston, Massachusetts, Custody and Shareholder Services
Division, Attention: Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund, specifying on the wire
the account number assigned by PMFS and your name and identifying the class in
which you are eligible to invest (Class A, Class B, Class C or Class Z shares).
If you arrange for receipt by State Street of Federal Funds prior to the
calculation of NAV (4:15 P.M., New York time), on a business day, you may
purchase shares of the Fund as of that day.
B-27
<PAGE>
In making a subsequent purchase order by wire, you should wire State Street
directly and should be sure that the wire specifies Prudential Tax-Managed
Equity Fund, Class A, Class B, Class C or Class Z shares and your name and
individual account number. It is not necessary to call PMFS to make subsequent
purchase orders using Federal Funds. The minimum amount which may be invested by
wire is $1,000.
ISSUANCE OF FUND SHARES FOR SECURITIES
Transactions involving the issuance of Fund shares for securities (rather
than cash) will be limited to (1) reorganizations, (2) statutory mergers, or (3)
other acquisitions of portfolio securities that (a) meet the investment
objective and policies of the Fund, (b) are liquid and not subject to
restrictions on resale, (c) have a value that is readily ascertainable via
listing on or trading in a recognized United States or international exchange or
market, and (d) are approved by the Fund's investment adviser.
B-28
<PAGE>
SPECIMEN PRICE MAKE-UP
Under the current distribution arrangements between the Fund and the
Distributor, Class A shares are sold with a maximum sales charge of 5%, Class C*
shares are sold with a 1% sales charge and Class B* and Class Z shares are sold
at NAV. Using the NAV of the Fund at December 8 ,1998, the maximum offering
price of the Fund's shares is as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
CLASS A
Net asset value and redemption price per Class A share............ $ 10.00
Maximum sales charge (5% of offering price)....................... .53
------
Maximum offering price............................................ $ 10.53
------
------
CLASS B
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per Class B
share*........................................................... $ 10.00
------
------
CLASS C
Net asset value and redemption price per Class C share*........... $ 10.00
Sales charge (1% of offering price)............................... .10
------
Offering price.................................................... $ 10.10
------
------
CLASS Z
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per Class Z
share............................................................ $ 10.00
------
------
</TABLE>
- ------------
* Class B and Class C shares are subject to a contingent
deferred sales charge on certain redemptions.
SELECTING A PURCHASE ALTERNATIVE
The following is provided to assist you in determining which method of
purchase best suits your individual circumstances and is based on current fees
and expenses being charged to the Fund:
If you intend to hold your investment in the Fund for less than 4 years and
do not qualify for a reduced sales charge on Class A shares, since Class A
shares are subject to an initial sales charge of 5% and Class B shares are
subject to a CDSC of 5% which declines to zero over a 6 year period, you should
consider purchasing Class C shares over either Class A or Class B shares.
If you intend to hold your investment for longer than 4 years, but less than
5 years, and do not qualify for a reduced sales charge on Class A shares, you
should consider purchasing Class B or Class C shares over Class A shares. This
is because the initial sales charge plus the cumulative annual
distribution-related fee on Class A shares would exceed those of the Class B and
Class C shares if you redeem your investment during this time period. In
addition, more of your money would be invested initially in the case of Class C
shares, because of the relatively low initial sales charge, and all of your
money would be invested initially in the case of Class B shares, which are sold
at NAV.
If you intend to hold your investment for longer than 5 years, you should
consider purchasing Class A shares over either Class B or Class C shares. This
is because the maximum sales charge plus the cumulative annual
distribution-related fee on Class A shares would be less than those of the Class
B and Class C shares.
If you qualify for a reduced sales charge on Class A shares, it may be more
advantageous for you to purchase Class A shares over either Class B or Class C
shares regardless of how long you intend to hold your investment. However,
unlike Class B shares, you would not have all of your money invested initially
because the sales charge on Class A shares is deducted at the time of purchase.
If you do not qualify for a reduced sales charge on Class A shares and you
purchase Class B or Class C shares, you would have to hold your investment for
more than 6 years in the case of Class B shares and for more than 5 years in the
case of Class C shares for the higher cumulative annual distribution-related fee
on those shares plus, in the case of Class C shares, the 1% initial sales charge
to exceed the initial sales charge plus the cumulative annual
distribution-related fees on Class A shares. This does not take into account the
time value of money, which further reduces the impact of the higher Class B or
Class C distribution-related fee on the investment, fluctuations in NAV, the
effect of the return on the investment over this period of time or redemptions
when the CDSC is applicable.
B-29
<PAGE>
REDUCTION AND WAIVER OF INITIAL SALES CHARGE--CLASS A SHARES
BENEFIT PLANS. Class A shares may be purchased at NAV, without payment of an
initial sales charge, by pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plans
qualified under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code, deferred compensation
or annuity plans under Sections 403(b)(7) and 457 of the Internal Revenue Code,
"rabbi" trusts and non-qualified deferred compensation plans that are sponsored
by any employer that has a tax qualified plan with Prudential (collectively,
Benefit Plans), provided that the Benefit Plan has existing assets of at least
$1 million invested in shares of Prudential Mutual Funds (excluding money market
funds other than those acquired pursuant to the exchange privilege) or 250
eligible employees or participants. In the case of Benefit Plans whose accounts
are held directly with the Transfer Agent or Prudential Securities and for which
the Transfer Agent or Prudential Securities does individual account
recordkeeping (Direct Account Benefit Plans) and Benefit Plans sponsored by
Prudential Securities or its subsidiaries (Prudential Securities or Subsidiary
Prototype Benefit Plans), Class A shares may be purchased at NAV by participants
who are repaying loans made from such plans to the participant.
PRUDENTIAL RETIREMENT PROGRAMS. Class A shares may be purchase at NAV by
certain savings, retirement and deferred compensation plans, qualified or
non-qualified under the Internal Revenue Code, for which Prudential provides
administrative or recordkeeping services, provided that (1) the plan has at
least $1 million in existing assets or 250 eligible employees and (2) the Fund
is an available investment option. These plans include pension, profit-sharing,
stock-bonus or other employee benefit plans under Section 401 of the Internal
Revenue Code, deferred compensation and annuity plans under Sections 457 and
403(b)(7) or the Internal Revenue Code and plans that participate in the
PruArray Program (benefit plan recordkeeping service) (hereafter referred to as
a PruArray Plan). All Benefit Plans of a company (or affiliated companies under
common control) for which Prudential serves as plan administrator or
recordkeeper are aggregated in meeting the $1 million threshold, provided that
Prudential has been notified in advance of the entitlement to the waiver of the
sales charge based on the aggregated assets. The term "existing assets" includes
stock issued by a plan sponsor, shares of Prudential Mutual Funds and shares of
certain unaffiliated mutual funds that participate in the PruArray Plan
(Participating Funds). "Existing assets" also include monies invested in The
Guaranteed Investment Account (GIA), a group annuity insurance product issued by
Prudential, the Guaranteed Insulated Separate Account, a separate account
operated by Prudential, and units of The Stable Value Fund (SVF), an
unaffiliated bank collective fund. Class A shares may also be purchased at NAV
by plans that have monies invested in GIA and SVF, provided (1) the purchase is
made with the proceeds of a redemption from either GIA or SVF and (2) Class A
shares are an investment option of the plan.
PRUARRAY ASSOCIATION BENEFIT PLANS. Class A shares are also offered at NAV
to Benefit Plans or non-qualified plans sponsored by employers which are members
of a common trade, professional or membership association (Association) that
participate in the PruArray Plan provided that the Association enters into a
written agreement with Prudential. Such Benefit Plans or non-qualified plans may
purchase Class A shares at NAV without regard to the assets or number of
participants in the individual employer's qualified Plan(s) or non-qualified
plans so long as the employers in the Association (1) have retirement plan
assets in the aggregate of at least $1 million or 250 participants in the
aggregate and (2) maintain their accounts with the Transfer Agent.
PRUARRAY SAVINGS PROGRAM. Class A shares are also offered at NAV to
employees of companies that enter into a written agreement with Prudential
Retirement Services to participate in the PruArray Savings Program. Under the
Program, a limited number of Prudential Mutual Funds are available for purchase
at NAV by Individual Retirement Accounts and Savings Accumulation Plans of the
company's employees. The Program is available only to (1) employees who open an
IRA or Savings Accumulation Plan account with the Transfer Agent and (2) spouses
of employees who open an IRA account with the Transfer Agent. The program is
offered to companies that have at least 250 eligible employees.
SPECIAL RULES APPLICABLE TO RETIREMENT PLANS. After a Benefit Plan or
PruArray Plan qualifies to purchase Class A shares at NAV, all subsequent
purchase will be made at NAV.
OTHER WAIVERS. In addition, Class A shares may be purchased at NAV, through
the Distributor or the Transfer Agent, by:
- officers of the Prudential Mutual Funds (including the Fund),
- employees of the Distributor, Prudential Securities, PIFM and their
subsidiaries and members of the families of such persons who maintain an
"employee related" account at Prudential Securities or the Transfer Agent,
- employees of subadvisers of the Prudential Mutual Funds provided that
purchases at NAV are permitted by such person's employer,
- Prudential, employees and special agents of Prudential and its
subsidiaries and all persons who have retired directly from active service
with Prudential or one of its subsidiaries,
B-30
<PAGE>
- registered representatives and employees of brokers who have entered into
a selected dealer agreement with the Distributor provided that purchases
at NAV are permitted by such person's employer,
- investors who have a business relationship with a financial adviser who
joined Prudential Securities from another investment firm, provided that
(1) the purchase is made within 180 days of the commencement of the
financial adviser's employment at Prudential Securities, or within one
year in the case of Benefit Plans, (2) the purchase is made with proceeds
of a redemption of shares of any open-end non-money market fund sponsored
by the financial adviser's previous employer (other than a fund which
imposes a distribution or service fee of .25 or 1% or less) and (3) the
financial adviser served as the client's broker on the previous purchase,
- investors in Individual Retirement Accounts, provided the purchase is made
in a directed rollover to such Individual Retirement Account or with the
proceeds of a tax-free rollover of assets from a Benefit Plan for which
Prudential provides administrative or recordkeeping services and further
provided that such purchase is made within 60 days of receipt of the
Benefit Plan distribution,
- orders placed by broker-dealers, investment advisers or financial planners
who have entered into an agreement with the Distributor, who place trades
for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a
management, consulting or other fee for their services (e.g., mutual fund
"wrap" or asset allocation programs), and
- orders placed by clients of broker-dealers, investment advisers or
financial planners who place trades for customer accounts if the accounts
are linked to the master account of such broker-dealer, investment adviser
or financial planner and the broker-dealer, investment adviser or
financial planner charges its clients a separate fee for its services
(e.g., mutual fund "supermarket" programs).
For an investor to obtain any reduction or waiver of the initial sales
charges, at the time of the sale either the Transfer Agent must be notified
directly by the investor or the Distributor must be notified by the broker
facilitating the transaction that the sale qualifies for the reduced or waived
sales charge. The reduction or waiver will be granted subject to confirmation of
your entitlement. No initial sales charges are imposed upon Class A shares
acquired upon the reinvestment of dividends and distributions.
REDUCTION AND WAIVER OF INITIAL SALES CHARGES--CLASS A SHARES
COMBINED PURCHASE AND CUMULATIVE PURCHASE PRIVILEGE. If an investor or
eligible group of related investors purchases Class A shares of the Fund
concurrently with Class A shares of other Prudential Mutual Funds, the purchases
may be combined to take advantage of the reduced sales charges applicable to
larger purchases. See "How to Buy, Sell and Exchange Shares of the
Fund--Reducing or Waiving Class A's Initial Sales Charge" in the Prospectus.
An eligible group of related Fund investors includes any combination of the
following:
- an individual;
- the individual's spouse, their children and their parents;
- the individual's and spouse's Individual Retirement Account (IRA);
- any company controlled by the individual (a person, entity or group that
holds 25% or more of the outstanding voting securities of a company will
be deemed to control the company, and a partnership will be deemed to be
controlled by each of its general partners);
- a trust created by the individual, the beneficiaries of which are the
individual, his or her spouse, parents or children;
- a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act/Uniform Transfers to Minors Act account
created by the individual or the individual's spouse; and
- one or more employee benefit plans of a company controlled by an
individual.
In addition, an eligible group of related Fund investors may include an
employer (or group of related employers) and one or more qualified retirement
plans of such employer or employers (an employer controlling, controlled by or
under common control with another employer is deemed related to that employer).
B-31
<PAGE>
The Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker must be notified at the
time of purchase that the investor is entitled to a reduced sales charge. The
reduced sales charge will be granted subject to confirmation of the investor's
holdings. The Combined Purchase and Cumulative Purchase Privilege does not apply
to individual participants in any retirement or group plans.
RIGHTS OF ACCUMULATION. Reduced sales charges are also available through
Rights of Accumulation, under which an investor or an eligible group of related
investors, as described above under "Combined Purchase and Cumulative Purchase
Privilege," may aggregate the value of their existing holdings of shares of the
Fund and shares of other Prudential Mutual Funds (excluding money market funds
other than those acquired pursuant to the exchange privilege) to determine the
reduced sales charge. The value of shares held directly with the Transfer Agent
and through your broker will not be aggregated to determine the reduced sales
charge. The value of existing holdings for purposes of determining the reduced
sales charge is calculated using the maximum offering or price (NAV plus maximum
sales charge) as of the previous business day. The Distributor or the Transfer
Agent must be notified at the time of purchase that the investor is entitled to
a reduced sales charge. The reduced sales charges will be granted subject to
confirmation of the investor's holdings. Rights of Accumulation are not
available to individual participants in any retirement or group plans.
LETTER OF INTENT. Reduced sales charges are available to investors (or an
eligible group of related investors), including retirement and group plans, who
enter into a written Letter of Intent providing for the purchase, within a
thirteen-month period, of shares of the Fund and shares of other Prudential
Mutual Funds (Investment Letter of Intent). Retirement and group plans may also
qualify to purchase Class A shares at NAV by entering into a Letter of Intent
whereby they agree to enroll, within a thirteen-month period, a specified number
of eligible employees or participants (Participant Letter of Intent).
For purposes of the Investment Letter of Intent, all shares of the Fund and
shares of other Prudential Mutual Funds (excluding money market funds other than
those acquired pursuant to the exchange privilege) which were previously
purchased and are still owned are also included in determining the applicable
reduction. However, the value of shares held directly with the Transfer Agent,
Prudential or its affiliates and through your broker will not be aggregated to
determine the reduced sales charge.
A Letter of Intent permits a purchaser, in the case of an Investment Letter
of Intent, to establish a total investment goal to be achieved by any number of
investments over a thirteen-month period and, in the case of a Participant
Letter of Intent, to establish a minimum eligible employee or participant
enrollment goal over a thirteen-month period. Each investment made during the
period, in the case of an Investment Letter of Intent, will receive the reduced
sales charge applicable to the amount represented by the goal, as if it were a
single investment. In the case of a Participant Letter of Intent, each
investment made during the period will be made at net asset value. Escrowed
Class A shares totaling 5% of the dollar amount of the Letter of Intent will be
held by the Transfer Agent in the name of the purchaser, except in the case of
retirement and group plans where the employer or plan sponsor will be
responsible for paying any applicable sales charge. The effective date of an
Investment Letter of Intent (except in the case of retirement and group plans),
may be back-dated up to 90 days, in order that any investments made during this
90-day period, valued at the purchaser's cost, can be applied to the fulfillment
of the Letter of Intent goal.
The Investment Letter of Intent does not obligate the investor to purchase,
nor the Fund to sell, the indicated amount. Similarly, the Participant Letter of
Intent does not obligate the retirement or group plan to enroll the indicated
number of eligible employees or participants. In the event the Letter of Intent
goal is not achieved within the thirteen-month period, the purchaser (or the
employer or plan sponsor in the case of any retirement or group plan) is
required to pay the difference between the sales charge otherwise applicable to
the purchases made during this period and sales charge actually paid. Such
payment may be made directly to the Distributor or, if not paid, the Distributor
will liquidate sufficient escrowed shares to obtain such difference. If the goal
is exceeded in an amount which qualifies for a lower sales charge, a price
adjustment is made by refunding to the purchaser the amount of excess sales
charge, if any, paid during the thirteen-month period. Investors electing to
purchase Class A shares of the Fund pursuant to a Letter of Intent should
carefully read such Letter of Intent.
The Distributor must be notified at the time of purchase that the investor
is entitled to a reduced sales charge. The reduced sales charge will, in the
case of an Investment Letter of Intent, be granted subject to confirmation of
the investor's holdings or, in the case of a Participant Letter of Intent,
subject to confirmation of the number of eligible employees or participants in
the retirement or group plan. Letters of Intent are not available to individual
participants in any retirement or group plans.
CLASS B SHARES
The offering price of Class B shares for investors choosing one of the
deferred sales charge alternatives is the NAV next determined following receipt
of an order in proper form by the Transfer Agent, your broker or the
Distributor. Although there is no sales charge imposed at the time of purchase,
redemptions of Class B shares may be subject to a CDSC. See "Sale of Shares--
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge" below.
B-32
<PAGE>
The Distributor will pay, from its own resources, sales commissions of up to
4% of the purchase price of Class B shares to brokers, financial advisers and
other persons which sell Class B shares at the time of sale. This facilitates
the ability of the Fund to sell the Class B shares without an initial sales
charge being deducted at the time of purchase. The Distributor anticipates that
it will recoup its advancement of sales commissions from the combination of the
CDSC and the distribution fee.
CLASS C SHARES
The offering price of Class C shares is the next determined NAV plus a 1%
sales charge. In connection with the sale of Class C shares, the Distributor
will pay, from its own resources, brokers, financial advisers and other persons
which distribute Class C shares a sales commission of up to 2% of the purchase
price at the time of the sale.
WAIVER OF INITIAL SALES CHARGE--CLASS C SHARES
BENEFIT PLANS. Class C shares may be purchased at NAV, without payment of an
initial sales charge by Benefit Plans (as defined above). In the case of Benefit
Plans whose accounts are held directly with the Transfer Agent or Prudential
Securities and for which the Transfer Agent or Prudential Securities does
individual account recordkeeping (Direct Account Benefit Plans) and Benefit
Plans sponsored by Prudential, Prudential Securities or its subsidiaries
(Prudential Securities or Subsidiary Prototype Benefit Plans), Class C shares
may be purchased at NAV by participants who are repaying the loans made from
such plans to the participant.
PRUDENTIAL RETIREMENT PLANS. The initial sales charge will be waived with
respect to purchases of Class C shares by qualified and non-qualified retirement
and deferred compensation plans participating in the PruArray Plan and other
plans for which Prudential provides administrative or recordkeeping services.
INVESTMENT OF REDEMPTION PROCEEDS FROM OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES. Investors
may purchase Class C shares at NAV, without the initial sales charge, with the
proceeds from the redemption of shares of any unaffiliated registered investment
company which were not held through an account with any Prudential affiliate.
Such purchases must be made within 60 days of the redemption. Investors eligible
for this waiver include: (1) investors purchasing shares through an account at
Prudential Securities; (2) investors purchasing shares through an ADVANTAGE
Account or an Investor Account with Pruco Securities Corporation (Prusec); and
(3) investors purchasing shares through other brokers. This wavier is not
available to investors who purchase shares directly from the Transfer Agent. You
must notify the Transfer Agent directly or through your broker if you are
entitled to this waiver and provide the Transfer Agent with such supporting
documents as it may deem appropriate.
CLASS Z SHARES
Class Z shares of the Fund currently are available for purchase by the
following categories of investors:
- pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plans qualified under
Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code, deferred compensation and
annuity plans under Sections 457 and 403(b)(7) of the Internal Revenue
Code and non-qualified plans for which the Fund is an available option
(collectively, Benefit Plans), provided such Benefit Plans (in combination
with other plans sponsored by the same employer or group of related
employers) have at least $50 million in defined contribution assets,
- participants in any fee-based program or trust program sponsored by an
affiliate of the Distributor which includes mutual funds as investment
options and for which the Fund is an available option,
- certain participants in the MEDLEY Program (group variable annuity
contracts) sponsored by an affiliate of the Distributor for whom Class Z
shares of the Prudential Mutual Funds are an available option,
- Benefit Plans for which an affiliate of the Distributor provides
administrative or recordkeeping services and as of September 20, 1996, (a)
were Class Z shareholders of the Prudential Mutual Funds or (b) executed a
letter of intent to purchase Class Z shares of the Prudential Mutual
Funds,
- current and former Directors/Trustees of the Prudential Mutual Funds
(including the Fund),
- employees of Prudential or Prudential Securities who participate in a
Prudential-sponsored employee savings plan, and
- Prudential with an investment of $10 million or more.
After a Benefit Plan qualifies to purchase Class Z shares, all subsequent
purchases will be for Class Z shares.
B-33
<PAGE>
In connection with the sale of Class Z shares, the Manager, the Distributor
or one of their affiliates may pay brokers, financial advisers and other persons
which distribute shares a finders' fee, from its own resources, based on a
percentage of the net asset value of shares sold by such persons.
SALE OF SHARES
You can redeem your shares at any time for cash at the NAV next determined
after the redemption request is received in proper form (in accordance with
procedures established by the Transfer Agent in connection with investors'
accounts) by the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker. In certain
cases, however, redemption proceeds will be reduced by the amount of any
applicable CDSC, as described below. See "Contingent Deferred Sales Charges"
below. If you are redeeming your shares through a broker, your broker must
receive your sell order before the Fund computes its NAV for that day (i.e.,
4:15 P.M., New York time) in order to receive that day's NAV. Your broker will
be responsible for furnishing all necessary documentation to the Distributor and
may charge you for its services in connection with redeeming shares of the Fund.
If you hold shares of the Fund through Prudential Securities, you must
redeem your shares through Prudential Securities. Please contact your Prudential
Securities financial adviser.
If you hold shares in non-certificate form, a written request for redemption
signed by you exactly as the account is registered is required. If you hold
certificates, the certificates, signed in the name(s) shown on the face of the
certificates, must be received by the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your
broker in order for the redemption request to be processed. If redemption is
requested by a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, written evidence of
authority acceptable to the Transfer Agent must be submitted before such request
will be accepted. All correspondence and documents concerning redemptions should
be sent to the Fund in care of its Transfer Agent, Prudential Mutual Fund
Services LLC, Attention: Redemption Services, P.O. Box 15010, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 08906-5010, the Distributor or to your broker.
SIGNATURE GUARANTEE. If the proceeds of the redemption (1) exceed $50,000,
(2) are to be paid to a person other than the record owner, (3) are to be sent
to an address other than the address on the Transfer Agent's records, or (4) are
to be paid to a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, the signature(s)
on the redemption request and on the certificates, if any, or stock power must
be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution." An "eligible guarantor
institution" includes any bank, broker, dealer or credit union. The Transfer
Agent reserves the right to request additional information from, and make
reasonable inquiries of, any eligible guarantor institution. For clients of
Prusec, a signature guarantee may be obtained from the agency or office manager
of most Prudential Insurance and Financial Services or Preferred Services
offices. In the case of redemptions from a PruArray Plan, if the proceeds of the
redemption are invested in another investment option of the plan in the name of
the record holder and at the same address as reflected in the Transfer Agent's
records, a signature guarantee is not required.
Payment for shares presented for redemption will be made by check within
seven days after receipt by the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker
of the certificate and/or written request, except as indicated below. If you
hold shares through a broker, payment for shares presented for redemption will
be credited to your account at your broker, unless you indicate otherwise. Such
payment may be postponed or the right of redemption suspended at times (1) when
the New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekends and
holidays, (2) when trading on such Exchange is restricted, (3) when an emergency
exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is
not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund
fairly to determine the value of its net assets, or (4) during any other period
when the Commission, by order, so permits; provided that applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions
prescribed in (2), (3) or (4) exist.
REDEMPTION IN KIND. If the Trustees determine that it would be detrimental
to the best interests of the remaining shareholders of the Fund to make payment
wholly or partly in cash, the Fund may pay the redemption price in whole or in
part by a distribution in kind of securities from the investment portfolio of
the Fund, in lieu of cash, in conformity with applicable rules of the
Commission. Securities will be readily marketable and will be valued in the same
manner as in a regular redemption. If your shares are redeemed in kind, you
would incur transaction costs in converting the assets into cash. The Fund,
however, has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company
Act, under which the Fund is obligated to redeem shares solely in cash up to the
lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-day period for any
one shareholder.
INVOLUNTARY REDEMPTION. In order to reduce expenses of the Fund, the
Trustees may redeem all of the shares of any shareholder, other than a
shareholder which is an IRA or other tax-deferred retirement plan, whose account
has a net asset value of less than $500 due to a redemption. The Fund will give
such shareholders 60 days' prior written notice in which to purchase sufficient
additional shares to avoid such redemption. No CDSC will be imposed on any such
involuntary redemption.
B-34
<PAGE>
90-DAY REPURCHASE PRIVILEGE. If you redeem your shares and have not
previously exercised the repurchase privilege, you may reinvest any portion or
all of the proceeds of such redemption in shares of the Fund at the NAV next
determined after the order is received, which must be within 90 days after the
date of the redemption. Any CDSC paid in connection with such redemption will be
credited (in shares) to your account. (If less than a full repurchase is made,
the credit will be on a PRO RATA basis.) You must notify the Transfer Agent,
either directly or through the Distributor or your broker, at the time the
repurchase privilege is exercised to adjust your account for the CDSC you
previously paid. Thereafter, any redemptions will be subject to the CDSC
applicable at the time of the redemption. See "Contingent Deferred Sales
Charges" below. Exercise of the repurchase privilege will generally not affect
federal tax treatment of any gain realized upon redemption. However, if the
redemption was made within a 30 day period of the repurchase and if the
redemption resulted in a loss, some or all of the loss, depending on the amount
reinvested, may not be allowed for federal income tax purposes.
CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES
Redemptions of Class B shares will be subject to a contingent deferred sales
charge or CDSC declining from 5% to zero over a six-year period. Class C shares
redeemed within 18 months of purchase will be subject to a 1% CDSC. The CDSC
will be deducted from the redemption proceeds and reduce the amount paid to you.
The CDSC will be imposed on any redemption by you which reduces the current
value of your Class B or Class C shares to an amount which is lower than the
amount of all payments by you for shares during the preceding six years, in the
case of Class B shares, and 18 months, in the case of Class C shares. A CDSC
will be applied on the lesser of the original purchase price or the current
value of the shares being redeemed. Increases in the value of your shares
acquired through reinvestment of dividends or distributions are not subject to a
CDSC. The amount of any CDSC will be paid to and retained by the Distributor.
The amount of the CDSC, if any, will vary depending on the number of years
from the time of payment for the purchase of shares until the time of redemption
of such shares. Solely for purposes of determining the number of years from the
time of any payment for the purchase of shares, all payments during a month will
be aggregated and deemed to have been made on the last day of the month. The
CDSC will be calculated from the first day of the month after the initial
purchase, excluding the time shares were held in a money market fund.
The following table sets forth the rates of the CDSC applicable to
redemptions of Class B shares:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES
CHARGE AS A PERCENTAGE OF
YEAR SINCE PURCHASE DOLLARS INVESTED OR
PAYMENT MADE REDEMPTION PROCEEDS
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
First......................................................................... 5.0%
Second........................................................................ 4.0%
Third......................................................................... 3.0%
Fourth........................................................................ 2.0%
Fifth......................................................................... 1.0%
Sixth......................................................................... 1.0%
Seventh....................................................................... None
</TABLE>
In determining whether a CDSC is applicable to a redemption, the calculation
will be made in a manner that results in the lowest possible rate. It will be
assumed that the redemption is made first of amounts representing shares
acquired pursuant to the reinvestment of dividends and distributions; then of
amounts representing the increase in NAV above the total amount of payments for
the purchase of Fund shares made during the preceding six years; then of amounts
representing the cost of shares held beyond the applicable CDSC period; and
finally, of amounts representing the cost of shares held for the longest period
of time within the applicable CDSC period.
For example, assume you purchased 100 Class B shares at $10 per share for a
cost of $1,000. Subsequently, you acquired 5 additional Class B shares through
dividend reinvestment. During the second year after the purchase you decided to
redeem $500 of your investment. Assuming at the time of the redemption the NAV
had appreciated to $12 per share, the value of your Class B shares would be
$1,260 (105 shares at $12 per share). The CDSC would not be applied to the value
of the reinvested dividend shares and the amount which represents appreciation
($260). Therefore, $240 of the $500 redemption proceeds ($500 minus $260) would
be charged at a rate of 4% (the applicable rate in the second year after
purchase) for a total CDSC of $9.60.
For federal income tax purposes, the amount of the CDSC will reduce the gain
or increase the loss, as the case may be, on the amount recognized on the
redemption of shares.
B-35
<PAGE>
WAIVER OF CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES--CLASS B SHARES. The CDSC will
be waived in the case of a redemption following the death or disability of a
shareholder or, in the case of a trust account, following the death or
disability of the grantor. The waiver is available for total or partial
redemptions of shares owned by a person, either individually or in joint tenancy
(with rights of survivorship), at the time of death or initial determination of
disability, provided that the shares were purchased prior to death or
disability.
The CDSC will also be waived in the case of a total or partial redemption in
connection with certain distributions made without penalty under the Internal
Revenue Code from a tax-deferred retirement plan, an IRA or Section 403(b)
custodial account. These distributions are:
(1) in the case of a tax-deferred retirement plan, a lump-sum or other
distribution after retirement;
(2) in the case of an IRA (including a Roth IRA), a lump-sum or other
distribution after reaching age 59 1/2 or a periodic distribution based on
life expectancy;
(3) in the case of a Section 403(b) custodial account, a lump sum or other
distribution after reaching age 59 1/2; and
(4) a tax-free return of an excess contribution or plan distributions following
the death or disability of the shareholder, provided that the shares were
purchased prior to death or disability.
The waiver does not apply in the case of a tax-free rollover or transfer of
assets, other than one following a separation from service (i.e., following
voluntary or involuntary termination of employment or following retirement).
Under no circumstances will the CDSC be waived on redemptions resulting from the
termination of a tax-deferred retirement plan, unless such redemptions otherwise
qualify for a waiver as described above. In the case of Direct Account and
Prudential Securities or Subsidiary Prototype Benefit Plans, the CDSC will be
waived on redemptions which represent borrowings from such plans. Shares
purchased with amounts used to repay a loan from such plans on which a CDSC was
not previously deducted will thereafter be subject to a CDSC without regard to
the time such amounts were previously invested. In the case of a 401(k) plan,
the CDSC will also be waived upon the redemption of shares purchased with
amounts used to repay loans made from the account to the participant and from
which a CDSC was previously deducted.
Finally, the CDSC will be waived to the extent that the proceeds from shares
redeemed are invested in Prudential Mutual Funds, The Guaranteed Investment
Account, The Guaranteed Insulated Separate Account or units of The Stable Value
Fund.
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN. The CDSC will be waived (or reduced) on certain
redemptions from a Systematic Withdrawal Plan. On an annual basis, up to 12% of
the total dollar amount subject to the CDSC may be redeemed without charge. The
Transfer Agent will calculate the total amount available for this waiver
annually on the anniversary date of your purchase or, for shares purchased prior
to March 1, 1997, on March 1 of the current year. The CDSC will be waived (or
reduced) on redemptions until this threshold 12% is reached.
In addition, the CDSC will be waived on redemptions of shares held by
Trustees of the Fund.
You must notify the Transfer Agent either directly or through your broker,
at the time of redemption, that you are entitled to waiver of the CDSC and
provide the Transfer Agent with such supporting documentation as it may deem
appropriate. The waiver will be granted subject to confirmation of your
entitlement.
B-36
<PAGE>
In connection with these waivers, the Transfer Agent will require you to
submit the supporting documentation set forth below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CATEGORY OF WAIVER REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION
<S> <C>
Death A copy of the shareholder's death certificate or, in
the case of a trust, a copy of the grantor's death
certificate, plus a copy of the trust agreement
identifying the grantor.
Disability--An individual will be A copy of the Social Security Administration award
considered disabled if he or she is letter or a letter from a physician on the
unable to engage in any substantial physician's letterhead stating that the shareholder
gainful activity by reason of any (or, in the case of a trust, the grantor) is
medically determinable physical or permanently disabled. The letter must also indicate
mental impairment which can be expected the date of disability.
to result in death or to be of
long-continued and indefinite duration.
Distribution from an IRA or 403(b) A copy of the distribution form from the custodial
Custodial Account firm indicating (1) the date of birth of the
shareholder and (2) that the shareholder is over age
59 and is taking a normal distribution--signed by
the shareholder.
Distribution from Retirement Plan A letter signed by the plan administrator/trustee
indicating the reason for the distribution.
Excess Contributions A letter from the shareholder (for an IRA) or the
plan administrator/ trustee on company letterhead
indicating the amount of the excess and whether or
not taxes have been paid.
</TABLE>
The Transfer Agent reserves the right to request such additional documents as it
may deem appropriate.
WAIVER OF CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES--CLASS C SHARES
PRUDENTIAL RETIREMENT PLANS. The CDSC will be waived on redemptions from
qualified and non-qualified retirement and deferred compensation plans that
participate in the PruArray Plan and other plans for which Prudential provides
administrative or recordkeeping services. The CDSC will also be waived on
redemptions from Benefit Plans sponsored by Prudential and its affiliates to the
extent that the redemption proceeds are invested in The Guaranteed Investment
Account, the Guaranteed Insulated Separate Account and units of The Stable Value
Fund.
OTHER BENEFIT PLANS. The CDSC will be waived on redemptions from Benefit
Plans holding shares through a broker not affiliated with Prudential and for
which the broker provides administrative or recordkeeping services.
CONVERSION FEATURE--CLASS B SHARES
Class B shares will automatically convert to Class A shares on a quarterly
basis approximately seven years after purchase. Conversions will be effected at
relative net asset value without the imposition of any additional sales charge.
Since the Fund tracks amounts paid rather than the number of shares bought
on each purchase of Class B shares, the number of Class B shares eligible to
convert to Class A shares (excluding shares acquired through the automatic
reinvestment of dividends and other distributions) (the Eligible Shares) will be
determined on each conversion date in accordance with the following formula: (1)
the ratio of (a) the amounts paid for Class B shares purchased at least seven
years prior to the conversion date to (b) the total amount paid for all Class B
shares purchased and then held in your account (2) multiplied by the total
number of Class B shares purchased and then held in your account. Each time any
Eligible Shares in your account convert to Class A shares, all shares or amounts
representing Class B shares then in your account that were acquired through the
automatic reinvestment of dividends and other distributions will convert to
Class A shares.
For purposes of determining the number of Eligible Shares, if the Class B
shares in your account on any conversion date are the result of multiple
purchases at different net asset values per share, the number of Eligible Shares
calculated as described above will generally be either more or less than the
number of shares actually purchased approximately seven years before such
conversion date. For example, if 100 shares were initially purchased at $10 per
share (for a total of $1,000) and a second purchase of 100 shares was
subsequently made at $11 per share (for a total of $1,100), 95.24 shares would
convert
B-37
<PAGE>
approximately seven years from the initial purchase ($1,000 divided by $2,100
(47.62%), multiplied by 200 shares equals 95.24 shares). The Manager reserves
the right to modify the formula for determining the number of Eligible Shares in
the future as it deems appropriate on notice to shareholders.
Since annual distribution-related fees are lower for Class A shares than
Class B shares, the per share NAV of the Class A shares may be higher than that
of the Class B shares at the time of conversion. Thus, although the aggregate
dollar value will be the same, you may receive fewer Class A shares than Class B
shares converted.
For purposes of calculating the applicable holding period for conversions,
all payments for Class B shares during a month will be deemed to have been made
on the last day of the month, or for Class B shares acquired through exchange,
or a series of exchanges, on the last day of the month in which the original
payment for purchases of such Class B shares was made. For Class B shares
previously exchanged for shares of a money market fund, the time period during
which such shares were held in the money market fund will be excluded. For
example, Class B shares held in a money market fund for one year would not
convert to Class A shares until approximately eight years from purchase. For
purposes of measuring the time period during which shares are held in a money
market fund, exchanges will be deemed to have been made on the last day of the
month. Class B shares acquired through exchange will convert to Class A shares
after expiration of the conversion period applicable to the original purchase of
such shares.
The conversion feature may be subject to the continuing availability of
opinions of counsel or rulings of the Internal Revenue Service (1) that the
dividends and other distributions paid on Class A, Class B, Class C and Class Z
shares will not constitute "preferential dividends" under the Internal Revenue
Code and (2) that the conversion of shares does not constitute a taxable event.
The conversion of Class B shares into Class A shares may be suspended if such
opinions or rulings are no longer available. If conversions are suspended, Class
B shares of the Fund will continue to be subject, possibly indefinitely, to
their higher annual distribution and service fee.
SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT ACCOUNT
Upon the initial purchase of Fund shares, a Shareholder Investment Account
is established for each investor under which a record of the shares held is
maintained by the Transfer Agent. If a share certificate is desired, it must be
requested in writing for each transaction. Certificates are issued only for full
shares and may be redeposited in the Account at any time. There is no charge to
the investor for issuance of a certificate. The Fund makes available to its
shareholders the following privileges and plans.
AUTOMATIC REINVESTMENT OF DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
For the convenience of investors, all dividends and distributions are
automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares of the Fund. An investor
may direct the Transfer Agent in writing not less than five full business days
prior to the record date to have subsequent dividends or distributions sent in
cash rather than reinvested. In the case of recently purchased shares for which
registration instructions have not been received on the record date, cash
payment will be made directly to the dealer. Any shareholder who receives a cash
payment representing a dividend or distribution may reinvest such dividend or
distribution at NAV by returning the check or the proceeds to the Transfer Agent
within 30 days after the payment date. Such investment will be made at the NAV
per share next determined after receipt of the check or proceeds by the Transfer
Agent. Such shareholder will receive credit for any CDSC paid in connection with
the amount of proceeds being reinvested.
EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE
The Fund makes available to its shareholders the privilege of exchanging
their shares of the Fund for shares of certain other Prudential Mutual Funds,
including one or more specified money market funds, subject in each case to the
minimum investment requirements of such funds. Shares of such other Prudential
Mutual Funds may also be exchanged for shares of the Fund. All exchanges are
made on the basis of the relative NAV next determined after receipt of an order
in proper form. An exchange will be treated as a redemption and purchase for tax
purposes. For retirement and group plans having a limited menu of Prudential
Mutual Funds, the exchange privilege is available for those funds eligible for
investment in the particular program.
It is contemplated that the exchange privilege may be applicable to new
mutual funds whose shares may be distributed by the Distributor.
In order to exchange shares by telephone, you must authorize telephone
exchanges on your initial application form or by written notice to the Transfer
Agent and hold shares in non-certificate form. Thereafter, you may call the Fund
at (800) 225-1852 to execute a telephone exchange of shares, on weekdays, except
holidays, between the hours of 8:00 A.M. and 6:00 P.M., New York time. For your
protection and to prevent fraudulent exchanges, your telephone call will be
recorded and you will be asked to
B-38
<PAGE>
provide your personal identification number. A written confirmation of the
exchange transaction will be sent to you. Neither the Fund nor its agents will
be liable for any loss, liability or cost which results from acting upon
instructions reasonably believed to be genuine under the foregoing procedures.
All exchanges will be made on the basis of the relative NAV of the two funds
next determined after the request is received in good order.
If you hold shares through Prudential Securities, you must exchange your
shares by contacting your Prudential Securities financial adviser.
If you hold certificates, the certificates, signed in the name(s) shown on
the face of the certificates, must be returned in order for the shares to be
exchanged.
You may also exchange shares by mail by writing to Prudential Mutual Fund
Services LLC, Attention: Exchange Processing, P.O. Box 15010, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 08906-5010.
In periods of severe market or economic conditions the telephone exchange of
shares may be difficult to implement and you should make exchanges by mail by
writing to Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC, at the address noted above.
CLASS A. Shareholders of the Fund may exchange their Class A shares for
shares of certain other Prudential Mutual Funds, shares of Prudential Government
Securities Trust (Short-Intermediate Term Series) and shares of the money market
funds specified below. No fee or sales load will be imposed upon the exchange.
Shareholders of money market funds who acquired such shares upon exchange of
Class A shares may use the exchange privilege only to acquire Class A shares of
the Prudential Mutual Funds participating in the exchange privilege.
The following money market funds participate in the Class A exchange
privilege:
Prudential California Municipal Fund
(California Money Market Series)
Prudential Government Securities Trust
(Money Market Series)
(U.S. Treasury Money Market Series)
Prudential Municipal Series Fund
(Connecticut Money Market Series)
(Massachusetts Money Market Series)
(New York Money Market Series)
(New Jersey Money Market Series)
Prudential MoneyMart Assets, Inc. (Class A shares)
Prudential Tax-Free Money Fund, Inc.
CLASS B AND CLASS C. Shareholders of the Fund may exchange their Class B and
Class C shares for Class B and Class C shares, respectively, of certain other
Prudential Mutual Funds and shares of Prudential Special Money Market Fund, Inc.
No CDSC will be payable upon such exchange, but a CDSC may be payable upon the
redemption of the Class B and Class C shares acquired as a result of the
exchange. The applicable sales charge will be that imposed by the fund in which
shares were initially purchased and the purchase date will be deemed to be the
date of the initial purchase, rather than the date of the exchange.
Class B and Class C shares of the Fund may also be exchanged for Class B and
Class C shares, respectively, of an eligible money market fund without
imposition of any CDSC at the time of exchange. Upon subsequent redemption from
such money market fund or after re-exchange into the Fund, such shares will be
subject to the CDSC calculated without regard to the time such shares were held
in the money market fund. In order to minimize the period of time in which
shares are subject to a CDSC, shares exchanged out of the money market fund will
be exchanged on the basis of their remaining holding periods, with the longest
remaining holding periods being transferred first. In measuring the time period
shares are held in a money market fund and "tolled" for purposes of calculating
the CDSC holding period, exchanges are deemed to have been made on the last day
of the month. Thus, if shares are exchanged into the Fund from a money market
fund during the month (and are held in the Fund at the end of the month), the
entire month will be included in the CDSC holding period. Conversely, if shares
are exchanged into a money market fund prior to the last day of the month (and
are held in the money market fund on the last day of the month), the entire
month will be excluded from the CDSC holding period. For purposes of calculating
the seven year holding period applicable to the Class B conversion feature, the
time period during which Class B shares were held in a money market fund will be
excluded.
At any time after acquiring shares of other funds participating in the Class
B or Class C exchange privilege, a shareholder may again exchange those shares
(and any reinvested dividends and distributions) for Class B or Class C shares
of the Fund,
B-39
<PAGE>
respectively, without subjecting such shares to any CDSC. Shares of any fund
participating in the Class B or Class C exchange privilege that were acquired
through reinvestment of dividends or distributions may be exchanged for Class B
or Class C shares of other funds, respectively, without being subject to any
CDSC.
CLASS Z. Class Z shares may be exchanged for Class Z shares of other
Prudential Mutual Funds.
SPECIAL EXCHANGE PRIVILEGES. A special exchange privilege is available for
shareholders who qualify to purchase Class A shares at NAV and for shareholders
who qualify to purchase Class Z shares. Under this exchange privilege, amounts
representing any Class B and Class C shares which are not subject to a CDSC held
in such a shareholder's account will be automatically exchanged for Class A
shares for shareholders who qualify to purchase Class A shares at NAV on a
quarterly basis, unless the shareholder elects otherwise. Similarly,
shareholders who qualify to purchase Class Z shares will have their Class B and
Class C shares which are not subject to a CDSC and their Class A shares
exchanged for Class Z shares on a quarterly basis. Eligibility for this exchange
privilege will be calculated on the business day prior to the date of the
exchange. Amounts representing Class B or Class C shares which are not subject
to a CDSC include the following: (1) amounts representing Class B or Class C
shares acquired pursuant to the automatic reinvestment of dividends and
distributions, (2) amounts representing the increase in the NAV above the total
amount of payments for the purchase of Class B or Class C shares and (3) amounts
representing Class B or Class C shares held beyond the applicable CDSC period.
Class B and Class C shareholders must notify the Transfer Agent either directly
or through Prudential Securities, Prusec or another broker that they are
eligible for this special exchange privilege.
Participants in any fee-based program for which the Fund is an available
option will have their Class A shares, if any, exchanged for Class Z shares when
they elect to have those assets become a part of the fee-based program. Upon
leaving the program (whether voluntarily or not), such Class Z shares (and, to
the extent provided for in the program, Class Z shares acquired through
participation in the program) will be exchanged for Class A shares at NAV.
Additional details about the exchange privilege and prospectuses for each of
the Prudential Mutual Funds are available from the Transfer Agent, the
Distributor or your broker. The exchange privilege may be modified, terminated
or suspended on 60 days' notice, and any fund, including the Fund, or the
Distributor, has the right to reject any exchange application relating to such
fund's shares.
DOLLAR COST AVERAGING
Dollar cost averaging is a method of accumulating shares by investing a
fixed amount of dollars in shares at set intervals. An investor buys more shares
when the price is low and fewer shares when the price is high. The average cost
per share is lower than it would be if a constant number of shares were bought
at set intervals.
Dollar cost averaging may be used, for example, to plan for retirement, to
save for a major expenditure, such as the purchase of a home, or to finance a
college education. The cost of a year's education at a four-year college today
averages around $14,000 at a private college and around $6,000 at a public
university. Assuming these costs increase at a rate of 7% a year, as has been
projected, for the freshman class of 2011, the cost of four years at a private
college could reach $210,000 and over $90,000 at a public university.(1)
The following chart shows how much you would need in monthly investments to
achieve specified lump sums to finance your investment goals.(2)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD OF
MONTHLY INVESTMENTS: $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000
- ------------------------------ -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
25 Years...................... $ 110 $ 165 $ 220 $ 275
20 Years...................... 176 264 352 440
15 Years...................... 296 444 592 740
10 Years...................... 555 833 1,110 1,388
5 Years...................... 1,371 2,057 2,742 3,428
See "Automatic Investment
Plan."
</TABLE>
- --------------------------
(1)Source information concerning the costs of education at public and
private universities is available from The College Board Annual Survey of
Colleges, 1993. Average costs for private institutions include tuition, fees,
room and board for the 1993-1994 academic year.
(2)The chart assumes an effective rate of return of 8% (assuming monthly
compounding). This example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended
to reflect the performance of an investment in shares of the Fund. The
investment return and principal value of an investment will fluctuate so that an
investor's shares when redeemed may be worth more or less than their original
cost.
B-40
<PAGE>
AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT PLAN (AIP)
Under AIP, an investor may arrange to have a fixed amount automatically
invested in shares of the Fund monthly by authorizing his or her bank account or
brokerage account (including a Prudential Securities Command Account) to be
debited to invest specified dollar amounts in shares of the Fund. The investor's
bank must be a member of the Automatic Clearing House System. Share certificates
are not issued to AIP participants.
Further information about this program and an application form can be
obtained from the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker.
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN
A systematic withdrawal plan is available to shareholders through the
Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker. Such withdrawal plan provides
for monthly or quarterly checks in any amount, except as provided below, up to
the value of the shares in the shareholder's account. Withdrawals of Class B or
Class C shares may be subject to a CDSC.
In the case of shares held through the Transfer Agent (1) a $10,000 minimum
account value applies, (2) withdrawals may not be for less than $100 and (3) the
shareholder must elect to have all dividends and/or distributions automatically
reinvested in additional full and fractional shares at NAV on shares held under
this plan.
The Transfer Agent, the Distributor or your broker act as agents for the
shareholder in redeeming sufficient full and fractional shares to provide the
amount of the periodic withdrawal payment. The systematic withdrawal plan may be
terminated at any time, and the Distributor reserves the right to initiate a fee
of up to $5 per withdrawal, upon 30 days' written notice to the shareholder.
Withdrawal payments should not be considered as dividends, yield or income.
If periodic withdrawals continuously exceed reinvested dividends and
distributions, the shareholder's original investment will be correspondingly
reduced and ultimately exhausted.
Furthermore, each withdrawal constitutes a redemption of shares, and any
gain or loss realized must be recognized for federal income tax purposes. In
addition, withdrawals made concurrently with purchases of additional shares are
inadvisable because of the sales charges applicable to (1) the purchase of Class
A and Class C shares and (2) the redemption of Class B and Class C shares. Each
shareholder should consult his or her own tax adviser with regard to the tax
consequences of the plan, particularly if used in connection with a retirement
plan.
TAX-DEFERRED RETIREMENT PLANS
Various qualified retirement plans, including a 401(k) plan, self-directed
individual retirement accounts and "tax-deferred accounts" under Section
403(b)(7)of the Internal Revenue Code are available through the Distributor.
These plans are for use by both self-employed individuals and corporate
employers. These plans permit either self-direction of accounts by participants,
or a pooled account arrangement. Information regarding the establishment of
these plans, and the administration, custodial fees and other details are
available from the Distributor or the Transfer Agent.
B-41
<PAGE>
Investors who are considering the adoption of such a plan should consult
with their own legal counsel or tax adviser with respect to the establishment
and maintenance of any such plan.
TAX-DEFERRED RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS
INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS. An individual retirement account (IRA)
permits the deferral of federal income tax on income earned in the account until
the earnings are withdrawn. The following chart represents a comparison of the
earnings in a personal savings account with those in an IRA, assuming a $2,000
annual contribution, an 8% rate of return and a 39.6% federal income tax bracket
and shows how much more retirement income can accumulate within an IRA as
opposed to a taxable individual savings account.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TAX-DEFERRED COMPOUNDING(1)
CONTRIBUTIONS PERSONAL
MADE OVER: SAVINGS IRA
- ------------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
10 years $ 26,165 $ 31,291
15 years 44,675 58,649
20 years 68,109 98,846
25 years 97,780 157,909
30 years 135,346 244,692
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) The chart is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the
performance of the Fund or any specific investment. It shows taxable versus
tax-deferred compounding for the periods and on the terms indicated.
Earnings in a traditional IRA account will be subject to tax when withdrawn
from the account. Distributions from a Roth IRA which meet the conditions
required under the Internal Revenue Code will not be subject to tax upon
withdrawal from the account.
MUTUAL FUND PROGRAMS
From time to time, the Fund may be included in a mutual fund program with
other Prudential Mutual Funds. Under such a program, a group of portfolios will
be selected and thereafter marketed collectively. Typically, these programs are
created with an investment theme, E.G., to seek greater diversification,
protection from interest rate movements or access to different management
styles. In the event such a program is instituted, there may be a minimum
investment requirement for the program as a whole. The Fund may waive or reduce
the minimum initial investment requirements in connection with such a program.
The mutual funds in the program may be purchased individually or as part of
a program. Since the allocation of portfolios included in the program may not be
appropriate for all investors, investors should consult their financial adviser
concerning the appropriate blend of portfolios for them. If investors elect to
purchase the individual mutual funds that constitute the program in an
investment ratio different from that offered by the program, the standard
minimum investment requirements for the individual mutual funds will apply.
NET ASSET VALUE
The Fund's net asset value per share or NAV is determined by subtracting its
liabilities from the value of its assets and dividing the remainder by the
number of outstanding shares. NAV is calculated separately for each class. For
valuation purposes, quotations of foreign securities in a foreign currency are
converted to U.S. dollar equivalents. The Board of Trustees has fixed the
specific time of day for the computation of the Fund's NAV to be as of 4:15
P.M., New York time. The Fund will compute its NAV at 4:15 P.M., New York time,
on each day the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading except on days on
which no orders to purchase, sell or redeem Fund shares have been received or
days on which changes in the value of the Fund's portfolio securities do not
affect NAV. In the event the New York Stock Exchange closes early on any
business day, the NAV of the Fund's shares shall be determined at a time between
such closing and 4:15 P.M., New York time. The New York Stock Exchange is closed
on the following holidays: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day,
Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day,
Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
Under the Investment Company Act, the Board of Trustees is responsible for
determining in good faith the fair value of securities of the Fund. In
accordance with procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees, the value of
investments listed on a securities exchange and NASDAQ National Market System
securities (other than options on stock and stock indices) are valued at the
last sales price on such exchange system on the day of valuation, or, if there
was no sale on such day, the mean between the last bid and asked prices on such
day as provided by a pricing service or at the bid price on such day in the
absence of an asked
B-42
<PAGE>
price. Corporate bonds (other than convertible debt securities) and U.S.
Government securities that are actively traded in the over-the-counter market,
including listed securities for which the primary market is believed by the
Manager in consultation with the Subadviser to be over-the-counter, are valued
on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or principal market
maker which uses information with respect to transactions in bonds, quotations
from bond dealers, agency ratings, market transactions in comparable securities
and various relationships between securities in determining value. Convertible
debt securities that are actively traded in the over-the-counter market,
including listed securities for which the primary market is believed by the
Manager in consultation with the Subadviser to be over-the-counter, are valued
at the mean between the last reported bid and asked prices provided by principal
market makers or independent pricing agents. Options on stock and stock indices
traded on an exchange are valued at the mean between the most recently quoted
bid and asked prices on the respective exchange and futures contracts and
options thereon are valued at their last sale prices as of the close of trading
on the applicable commodities exchange or board of trade or, if there was no
sale on the applicable commodities exchange or board of trade on such day, at
the mean between the most recently quoted bid and asked prices on such exchange
or board of trade. Quotations of foreign securities in a foreign currency are
converted to U.S. dollar equivalents at the current rate obtained from a
recognized bank or dealer and foreign currency forward contracts are valued at
the current cost of covering or offsetting such contracts. Should an
extraordinary event, which is likely to affect the value of the security, occur
after the close of an exchange on which a portfolio security is traded, such
security will be valued at fair value considering factors determined in good
faith by an investment adviser under procedures established by and under the
general supervision of the Fund's Board of Trustees.
Securities or other assets for which reliable market quotations are not
readily available or for which the pricing agent or principal market maker does
not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology
that, in the judgment of the Manager or Subadviser (or Valuation Committee or
Board of Trustees), does not represent fair value, are valued by the Valuation
Committee or Board of Trustees in consultation with the Manager and Subadviser,
including its portfolio manager, traders, and its research and credit analysts,
on the basis of the following factors: cost of the security, transactions in
comparable securities, relationships among various securities and such other
factors as may be determined by the Manager, Subadviser, Board of Trustees or
Valuation Committee to materially affect the value of the security. Short-term
investments are valued at cost, with interest accrued or discount amortized to
the date of maturity, if their original maturity was 60 days or less, unless
this is determined by the Board of Trustees not to represent fair value.
Short-term securities with remaining maturities of more than 60 days, for which
market quotations are readily available, are valued at their current market
quotations as supplied by an independent pricing agent or principal market
maker.
Although the legal rights of each class of shares are substantially
identical, the different expenses borne by each class will result in different
NAVs and dividends. The NAV of Class B and Class C shares will generally be
lower than the NAV of Class A shares as a result of the larger
distribution-related fee to which Class B and Class C shares are subject. The
NAV of Class Z shares will generally be higher than the NAV of Class A, Class B
or Class C shares because Class Z shares are not subject to any distribution or
service fee. It is expected, however, that the NAV per share of each class will
tend to converge immediately after the recording of dividends, if any, which
will differ by approximately the amount of the distribution and/or service fee
expense accrual differential among the classes.
TAXES, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to qualify and to remain qualified as a regulated
investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. This
relieves the Fund (but not its shareholders) from paying federal income tax on
income and capital gains which are distributed to shareholders and permits net
capital gains of the Fund (I.E., the excess of net long-term capital gains over
net short-term capital losses) to be treated as long-term capital gains of the
shareholders, regardless of how long shareholders have held their shares in the
Fund. Net capital gains of the Fund which are available for distribution to
shareholders will be computed by taking into account any capital loss
carryforward of the Fund.
Qualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company requires, among
other things, that (a) at least 90% of the Fund's annual gross income (without
reduction for losses from the sale or other disposition of securities) be
derived from interest, dividends, payments with respect to securities loans and
gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or options thereon or
foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from
options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of
investing in such securities or currencies; (b) the Fund diversify its holdings
so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter (1) at least 50% of the value of the
Fund's assets is represented by cash, U.S. Government securities and other
securities limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5%
of the value of the Fund's assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities
of such issuer, and (2) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested
in the securities of any
B-43
<PAGE>
one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities); and (c) the Fund distribute
to its shareholders at least 90% of its net investment income and net short-term
gains (I.E., the excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term
capital losses) in each year.
Gains or losses on sales of securities by the Fund will be treated as
long-term capital gains or losses if the securities have been held by it for
more than one year except in certain cases where the Fund acquires a put or
writes a call thereon or otherwise holds an offsetting position with respect to
the securities. Other gains or losses on the sale of securities will be
short-term capital gains or losses. Gains and losses on the sale, lapse or other
termination of options on securities will be treated as gains and losses from
the sale of securities. If an option written by the Fund on securities lapses or
is terminated through a closing transaction, such as a repurchase by the Fund of
the option from its holder, the Fund will generally realize short-term capital
gain or loss. If securities are sold by the Fund pursuant to the exercise of a
call option written by it, the Fund will include the premium received in the
sale proceeds of the securities delivered in determining the amount of gain or
loss on the sale. Certain of the Fund's transactions may be subject to wash
sale, short sale, constructive sale, anti-conversion and straddle provisions of
the Internal Revenue Code which may, among other things, require the Fund to
defer recognition of losses.
Special rules apply to most options on stock indices, futures contracts and
options thereon, and foreign currency forward contracts in which the Fund may
invest. These investments will generally constitute Section 1256 contracts and
will be required to be "marked-to-market" for federal income tax purposes at the
end of the Fund's taxable year; that is, treated as having been sold at market
value. Except with respect to certain foreign currency forward contracts, 60% of
any gain or loss recognized on such deemed sales and on actual dispositions will
be treated as long-term capital gain or loss subject to a maximum 20% rate, and
the remainder will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Gain or loss on the sale, lapse or other termination of options on stock and
on narrowly-based stock indices will be capital gain or loss and will be
long-term or short-term depending upon the holding period of the option. In
addition, positions which are part of a straddle will be subject to certain wash
sale, short sale and constructive sale provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.
In the case of a straddle, the Fund may be required to defer the recognition of
losses on positions it holds to the extent of any unrecognized gain on
offsetting positions held by the Fund. The conversion transaction rules may
apply to certain transactions to treat all or a portion of the gain thereon as
ordinary income rather than as capital gain.
A "passive foreign investment company" (PFIC) is a foreign corporation that,
in general, meets either of the following tests: (a) at least 75% of its gross
income is passive or (b) an average of at least 50% of its assets produce, or
are held for the production of, passive income. If the Fund acquires and holds
stock in a PFIC beyond the end of the year of its acquisition, the Fund will be
subject to federal income tax on a portion of any "excess distribution" received
on the stock or of any gain from disposition of the stock (collectively, PFIC
income), plus interest thereon, even if the Fund distributes the PFIC income as
a taxable dividend to its shareholders. The balance of the PFIC income will be
included in the Fund's investment company taxable income and, accordingly, will
not be taxable to the extent that income is distributed to its shareholders. The
Fund may make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to any marketable stock
it holds of a PFIC. If the election is in effect, at the end of the Fund's
taxable year, the Fund will recognize the amount of gains, if any, as ordinary
income with respect to PFIC stock. No loss will be recognized on PFIC stock,
except to the extent of gains recognized in prior years. Alternatively, the
Fund, if it meets certain requirements, may elect to treat any PFIC in which it
invests as a "qualified electing fund," in which case, in lieu of the foregoing
tax and interest obligation, the Fund will be required to include in income each
year its pro rata share of the qualified electing fund's annual ordinary
earnings and net capital gain, even if they are not distributed to the Fund;
those amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements applicable to
the Fund described above.
Under the Internal Revenue Code, gains or losses attributable to
fluctuations in exchange rates which occur between the time the Fund accrues
interest or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities
denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such
receivables or pays such liabilities are treated as ordinary income or ordinary
loss. Similarly, gains or losses on forward foreign currency exchange contracts
or dispositions of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency
attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the
date of acquisition of the security and the date of disposition also may be
treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains, referred to under the Internal
Revenue Code as "Section 988" gains or losses, increase or decrease the amount
of the Fund's investment company taxable income available to be distributed to
its shareholders as ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the
amount of the Fund's net capital gain. If Section 988 losses exceed other
investment company taxable income during a taxable year, the Fund would not be
able to make any ordinary dividend distributions, or distributions made before
the losses were realized would be recharacterized as a return of capital to
shareholders, rather than as an ordinary dividend, reducing each shareholder's
basis in his or her Fund shares.
The Fund is required to distribute 98% of its ordinary income in the same
calendar year in which it is earned. The Fund is also required to distribute
during the calendar year 98% of the capital gain net income it earned during the
12 months ending on
B-44
<PAGE>
October 31 of such calendar year, as well as all undistributed ordinary income
and undistributed capital gain net income from the prior year or the
twelve-month period ending on October 31 of such prior year, respectively. To
the extent it does not meet these distribution requirements, the Fund will be
subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. For
purposes of this excise tax, income on which the Fund pays income tax is treated
as distributed. The Fund intends to distribute amounts sufficient to avoid
imposition of excise tax.
Any dividends paid shortly after a purchase by an investor may have the
effect of reducing the per share NAV of the investor's shares by the per share
amount of the dividends. Furthermore, such dividends, although in effect a
return of capital, are subject to federal income taxes. Therefore, prior to
purchasing shares of the Fund, the investor should carefully consider the impact
of dividends, including capital gains distributions, which are expected to be or
have been announced.
Any loss realized on a sale, redemption or exchange of shares of the Fund by
a shareholder will be disallowed to the extent the shares are replaced within a
61-day period (beginning 30 days before the disposition of shares). Shares
purchased pursuant to the reinvestment of a dividend will constitute a
replacement of shares.
A shareholder who acquires shares of the Fund and sells or otherwise
disposes of such shares within 90 days of acquisition may not be allowed to
include certain sales charges incurred in acquiring such shares for purposes of
calculating gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of shares of the Fund.
Dividends of net investment income and distributions of net short-term
capital gains paid to a shareholder (including a shareholder acting as a nominee
or fiduciary) who is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign corporation or a
foreign partnership (foreign shareholder) are subject to a 30% (or lower treaty
rate) withholding tax upon the gross amount of the dividends unless the
dividends are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by
the foreign shareholder. Net capital gain dividends paid to a foreign
shareholder are generally not subject to withholding tax. A foreign shareholder
will, however, be required to pay U.S. income tax on any dividends and capital
gain distributions which are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business
of the foreign shareholder.
Dividends received by corporate shareholders are eligible for a
dividends-received deduction of 70% to the extent the Fund's income is derived
from qualified dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations.
Interest income, capital gain net income, gain or loss from Section 1256
contracts (described above), dividend income from foreign corporations and
income from other sources will not constitute qualified dividends. Individual
shareholders are not eligible for the dividends-received deduction.
Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be
subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Income tax
treaties between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate
such taxes. It is impossible to determine in advance the effective rate of
foreign tax to which the Fund will be subject, since the amount of the Fund's
assets to be invested in various countries will vary. The Fund does not expect
to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code for "passing-through" to
its shareholders any foreign income taxes paid.
Foreign shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers with
respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN. The Fund may from time to time advertise its
average annual total return. Average annual total return is determined
separately for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class Z shares.
Average annual total return is computed according to the following formula:
P(1+T)to the power of n = ERV
Where: P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000.
T = average annual total return.
n = number of years.
ERV = ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 investment
made at the beginning of the 1, 5 or 10 year periods
Average annual total return takes into account any applicable initial or
deferred sales charges but does not take into account any federal or state
income taxes that may be payable upon redemption.
B-45
<PAGE>
AGGREGATE TOTAL RETURN. The Fund may also advertise its aggregate total
return. Aggregate total return is determined separately for Class A, Class B,
Class C and Class Z shares. See "How the Fund Calculates Performance" in the
Prospectus of the Fund.
Aggregate total return represents the cumulative change in the value of an
investment in the Fund and is computed according to the following formula:
ERV - P
-------
P
Where: P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000.
ERV = ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at
the beginning of the 1, 5 or 10 year periods at the end of the 1, 5
or 10 year periods (or fractional portion thereof).
Aggregate total return does not take into account any federal or state
income taxes that may be payable upon redemption or any applicable initial or
contingent deferred sales charges.
The Fund may use total return figures showing after-tax returns, including
comparisons to tax-deferred vehicles such as Individual Retirement Accounts
(IRAs) and variable annuities. In calculating after-tax returns, the Fund will,
in general, assume that its shareholders are U.S. individual taxpayers subject
to federal income taxes at the highest marginal rate then applicable to ordinary
income and long-term capital gains. After-tax returns may also be calculated
using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local
income taxes as well as federal taxes. In calculating after-tax returns,
distributions made by the Fund are assumed to be reduced by the amount of taxes
payable on the distribution, and the after-tax proceeds of the distribution are
reinvested in the Fund at NAV on the reinvestment date.
YIELD. The Fund may from time to time advertise its yield as calculated over
a 30-day period. Yield is calculated separately for Class A, Class B, Class C
and Class Z shares. The yield will be computed by dividing the Fund's net
investment income per share earned during this 30-day period by the maximum
offering price per share on the last day of this period. Yield is calculated
according to the following formula:
YIELD=2[(a-b+1)(to the power of 6)-1]
------------
cd
<TABLE>
<C> <S>
Where: a = dividends and interest earned during the period.
b = expenses accrued for the period (net of reimbursements).
c = the average daily number of shares outstanding during the period that were
entitled to receive dividends.
d = the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period.
</TABLE>
Yield fluctuates and an annualized yield quotation is not a representation
by the Fund as to what an investment in the Fund will actually yield for any
given period.
B-46
<PAGE>
The Fund also may include comparative performance information in advertising
or marketing the Fund's shares. Such performance information may include data
from Lipper, Inc., Morningstar Publications, Inc., other industry publications,
business periodicals and market indices. Set forth below is a chart which
compares the performance of different types of investments over the long-term
and the rate of inflation.(1)
EDGAR REPRESENTATION OF DATA POINTS USED IN PRINTED GRAPHIC
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
A LOOK AT PERFORMANCE
OVER THE LONG - TERM
AVERAGE ANNUAL
RETURNS
1/1/26 12/31/97
Long-Term Govt.
Common Stocks Bonds Inflation
<S> <C> <C>
11.0% 5.2% 3.1%
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1)Source: Ibbotson Associates, STOCKS, BONDS, BILLS AND INFLATION--1998
YEARBOOK (annually updates the work of Roger G. Ibbotson and Rex A.
Sinquefield). All rights reserved. Common stock returns are based on the
Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index, a market-weighted, unmanaged index of 500
common stocks in a variety of industry sectors. It is a commonly used indicator
of broad stock price movements. This chart is for illustrative purposes only and
is not intended to represent the performance of any particular investment or
fund. Investors cannot invest directly in an index. Past performance is not a
guarantee of future results.
Advertising for the Fund also may describe the performance of the stock
market which has shown dynamic growth based on the performance of the Standard &
Poor's 500 Stock Index, according to Standard & Poor's Ratings Group.
EDGAR REPRESENTATION OF DATA POINTS USED IN PRINTED GRAPHIC
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THE TAX-MANAGED ADVANTAGE
NON-TAX-MANAGED FUND TAX-MANAGED FUND
5 YRS $149,760 $156,740
10YRS $224,270 $245,660
20YRS $502,980 $603,480
<S> <C> <C> <C>
30yrs $1,128,030 $1,482,500 $345,470
</TABLE>
B-47
<PAGE>
TAX-MANAGED MUTUAL FUNDS HAVE PRODUCED ATTRACTIVE RETURNS BEFORE AND AFTER TAXES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TAX-MANAGED GROWTH
GROWTH FUND FUND
AVERAGE AVERAGE
- -------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
AVG. 3-YEAR PRE-TAX
RETURN 14.67% 14.00%
- -------------------------------------
AVG. 3-YEAR
AFTER-TAX RETURN 13.48% 10.99%
</TABLE>
Source: Morningstar data through 9/30/98. The "tax-managed" group is defined by
SIM Fund and includes 52 funds, 10 of which have at least a three-year history.
The "growth fund" group is defined by Morningstar and includes 1,586 funds, of
which 820 have at least a three-year history. An investment cannot be made
directly into this "tax-managed" grouping of funds.
NEW LAWS MAKE LONG TERM NEARLY TWICE AS GOOD AS SHORT-TERM
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOP TAX RATE
FOR
INDIVIDUALS
---------------
HOLDING OLD NEW
CLASSIFICATION PERIOD LAWS LAW
<S> <C> <C> <C>
- ----------------------------------------------
SHORT-TERM GAINS 12 39.6% 39.6%
MONTHS
OR
LESS
- ----------------------------------------------
LONG-TERM GAINS MORE 28% 20%
THAN
12
MONTHS
</TABLE>
TAX-MANAGED VS. THE AVERAGE GROWTH FUND: THE DIFFERENCE IN DOLLARS AND CENTS*
The advantage of a tax-managed approach over one that is not tax managed
could, over time, have a big impact on the growth of your investments.
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
INITIAL INVESTMENT $100,000
- -------------------------------------------------------
ASSUMED PRE-TAX
TOTAL RETURN 10%
- -------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT PERIOD 5 10 20 30
YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS
- -------------------------------------------------------
TAX-MANAGED FUND
ENDING AFTER-TAX
VALUE $156,740 $245,660 $603,480 $1,482,500
- -------------------------------------------------------
AVERAGE GROWTH FUND
ENDING AFTER-TAX
VALUE $149,760 $224,270 $502,980 $1,128,030
- -------------------------------------------------------
TAX-MANAGED DOLLAR
ADVANTAGE $6,980 $21,390 $100,500 $354,470
- -------------------------------------------------------
TAX-MANAGED PERCENT
ADVANTAGE 4.7% 9.5% 20.0% 31.4%
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
* This chart is for illustrative purposes only, and is intended to show the
degree to which taxes can affect mutual fund performance. The annual total
return of 10 percent and the initial investment value of $100,000 are the
same for each hypothetical fund, and this comparison is not meant to
demonstrate that tax-efficient funds will produce superior returns, imply
that these tax savings will necessarily be achieved or imply that a 10
percent return should be expected. We assume that the investor does not
redeem shares throughout each period. The assumptions regarding annual
return for each hypothetical fund are: Tax-Managed - 1 percent taxed at the
ordinary income rate for individuals at 39.6 percent; 1 percent long-term
gain taxed at 20 percent and 8 percent untaxed appreciation. Average Growth
Fund - 3 percent taxed at the ordinary income rate for individuals at 39.6
percent; 2 percent long-term gain taxed at 20 percent and 5 percent untaxed
appreciation. Source: Prudential Investments.
B-48
<PAGE>
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 8,
1998
---------------
<S> <C>
ASSETS
Cash.................................................................................................... $ 100,000
Deferred offering costs................................................................................. 206,302
---------------
Total assets.......................................................................................... 306,302
---------------
LIABILITIES
Offering costs payable.................................................................................. 206,302
---------------
Total liabilities..................................................................................... 206,302
---------------
NET ASSETS (Note 1)
Applicable to 10,000 shares of beneficial interest.................................................... $ 100,000
---------------
---------------
Calculation of Offering Price
Class A:
Net asset value and redemption price per Class A share $ 10.00
($25,000 DIVIDED BY 2,500 shares of beneficial interest issued and outstanding)....................
Maximum sales charge (5% of offering price)........................................................... .53
---------------
Maximum offering price to public...................................................................... $ 10.53
---------------
---------------
Class B:
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per Class B share $ 10.00
($25,000 DIVIDED BY 2,500 shares of beneficial interest issued and outstanding)....................
---------------
---------------
Class C:
Net asset value and redemption price per Class C share $ 10.00
($25,000 DIVIDED BY 2,500 shares of beneficial interest issued and outstanding)....................
Sales charge (1% of offering price)................................................................... .10
---------------
Offering price to public.............................................................................. $ 10.10
---------------
---------------
Class Z:
Net asset value and redemption price per Class Z share $ 10.00
($25,000 DIVIDED BY 2,500 shares of beneficial interest issued and outstanding)....................
---------------
---------------
</TABLE>
See Notes to Financial Statement.
B-49
<PAGE>
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT
NOTE 1. Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund (the Fund), which was organized
as a business trust in Delaware on September 21, 1998, is an open-end,
diversified management investment company. The Fund has had no significant
operations other than the issuance of 2,500 shares each of Class A, Class B,
Class C and Class Z shares of beneficial interest for $100,000 on December 8,
1998 to Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC (PIFM).
Certain costs incurred and to be incurred in connection with the initial
offering of shares of the Fund, estimated at $206,302, will be deferred and
amortized over the period of benefit, not to exceed 12 months from the date the
Fund commences operations. Estimated organizational expenses of the Fund in the
amount of approximately $13,000 incurred prior to the offering of the Fund's
shares will be paid by the Manager.
NOTE 2. AGREEMENTS. The Fund has entered into a management agreement with
PIFM.
The management fee paid PIFM will be computed daily and payable monthly, at
an annual rate of .65 of 1% of the average daily net assets of the Fund.
Pursuant to a subadvisory agreement between PIFM and The Prudential
Investment Corporation (PIC), doing business as Prudential Investments (PI),
PIFM furnishes investment advisory services pursuant to the management agreement
and supervises PI's performance of such services. PIFM pays for the services of
PI, the cost of compensation of officers and employees of the Fund, occupancy
and certain clerical and accounting costs of the Fund. The Fund bears all other
costs and expenses.
The Fund has entered into a distribution agreement with Prudential
Investment Management Services LLC (the Distributor or PIMS) for distribution of
the Fund's shares.
Pursuant to separate Plans of Distribution (the Class A Plan, the Class B
Plan and the Class C Plan, collectively the Plans) adopted by the Fund under
Rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Distributor
incurs the expenses of distributing the Fund's Class A, Class B and Class C
shares. These expenses include commissions and account servicing fees paid to,
or on account of financial advisers of Prudential Securities Incorporated and
Pruco Securities Corporation (Prusec), affiliated broker-dealers, commissions
paid to, or on account of, other broker-dealers or certain financial
institutions which have entered into agreements with the Distributor,
advertising expenses, the cost of printing and mailing prospectuses to potential
investors and indirect and overhead costs of Prudential Securities Incorporated
and Prusec associated with the sale of Fund shares, including lease, utility,
communications and sales promotion expenses.
Pursuant to the Class A Plan, the Fund will compensate the Distributor for
its expenses with respect to Class A shares at an annual rate of up to .30 of 1%
of the average daily net asset value of the Class A shares. The Distributor has
agreed to limit its distribution-related fees payable under the Class A Plan to
.25 of 1% of the average daily net asset value of the Class A shares.
Pursuant to the Class B and Class C Plans, the Fund compensates the
Distributor for its distribution-related expenses with respect to the Class B
and C shares at an annual rate of 1% of the average daily net assets of the
Class B and C shares.
The Distributor incurs the expense of distributing the Fund's Class Z shares
under a distribution agreement with the Fund, none of which is paid for or
reimbursed by the Fund.
Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (PMFS), a wholly-owned subsidiary of
PIFM, serves as the Fund's transfer agent.
PIFM, PIC and PIMS are wholly-owned subsidiaries of The Prudential Insurance
Company of America.
B-50
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Shareholder and Board of Trustees of
Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund
In our opinion, the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities
presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Prudential
Tax-Managed Equity Fund (the "Fund") at December 8, 1998, in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles. This financial statement is the
responsibility of the Fund's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on this financial statement based on our audit. We conducted our audit
of this financial statement in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement, assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York
December 22, 1998
B-51
<PAGE>
APPENDIX I--GENERAL INVESTMENT INFORMATION
The following terms are used in mutual fund investing.
ASSET ALLOCATION
Asset allocation is a technique for reducing risk, providing balance. Asset
allocation among different types of securities within an overall investment
portfolio helps to reduce risk and to potentially provide stable returns, while
enabling investors to work toward their financial goal(s). Asset allocation is
also a strategy to gain exposure to better performing asset classes while
maintaining investment in other asset classes.
DIVERSIFICATION
Diversification is a time-honored technique for reducing risk, providing
"balance" to an overall portfolio and potentially achieving more stable returns.
Owning a portfolio of securities mitigates the individual risks (and returns) of
any one security. Additionally, diversification among types of securities
reduces the risks (and general returns) of any one type of security.
DURATION
Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to interest rates. As
interest rates fluctuate, the value of a bond (or a bond portfolio) will
increase or decrease. Longer term bonds are generally more sensitive to changes
in interest rates. When interest rates fall, bond prices generally rise.
Conversely, when interest rates rise, bond prices generally fall.
Duration is an approximation of the price sensitivity of a bond (or a bond
portfolio) to interest rate changes. It measures the weighted average maturity
of a bond's (or a bond portfolio's) cash flows, that is, principal and interest
rate payments. Duration is expressed as a measure of time in years--the longer
the duration of a bond (or a bond portfolio), the greater the impact of interest
rate changes on the bond's (or the bond portfolio's) price. Duration differs
from effective maturity in that duration takes into account call provisions,
coupon rates and other factors. Duration measures interest rate risk only and
not other risks, such as credit risk and, in the case of non-U.S. dollar
denominated securities, currency risk. Effective maturity measures the final
maturity dates of a bond (or a bond portfolio).
MARKET TIMING
Market timing--buying securities when prices are low and selling them when
prices are relatively higher--may not work for many investors because it is
impossible to predict with certainty how the price of a security will fluctuate.
However, owning a security for a long period of time may help investors offset
short-term price volatility and realize positive returns.
POWER OF COMPOUNDING
Over time, the compounding of returns can significantly impact investment
returns. Compounding is the effect of continuous investment on long-term
investment results, by which the proceeds of capital appreciation (and income
distributions, if elected) are reinvested to contribute to the overall growth of
assets. The long-term investment results of compounding may be greater than that
of an equivalent initial investment in which the proceeds of capital
appreciation and income distributions are taken in cash.
STANDARD DEVIATION
Standard deviation is an absolute (non-relative) measure of volatility
which, for a mutual fund, depicts how widely the returns varied over a certain
period of time. When a fund has a high standard deviation, its range of
performance has been very wide, implying greater volatility potential. Standard
deviation is only one of several measures of a fund's volatility.
I-1
<PAGE>
APPENDIX II--HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
The historical performance data contained in this Appendix relies on data
obtained from statistical services, reports and other services believed by the
Manager to be reliable. The information has not been independently verified by
the Manager.
This chart shows the long-term performance of various asset classes and the
rate of inflation.
EACH INVESTMENT PROVIDES A DIFFERENT OPPORTUNITY.
EDGAR REPRESENTATION OF CHART
VALUE OF $1.00 INVESTED
ON 1/1/26 THROUGH 12/31/97.
SMALL STOCKS $5,519.97
COMMON STOCKS $1,828.33
LONG-TERM BONDS $39.07
TREASURY BILLS $14.25
INFLATION $9.02
Source: Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation 1998 Yearbook, Ibbotson Associates,
Chicago (annually updates work by Roger G. Ibbotson and Rex A. Sinquefield).
Used with permission. All rights reserved. This chart is for illustrative
purposes only and is not indicative of the past, present, or future performance
of any asset class or any Prudential Mutual Fund.
Generally, stock returns are due to capital appreciation and the reinvestment of
gains. Bond returns are due mainly to reinvesting interest. Also, stock prices
usually are more volatile than bond prices over the long-term. Small stock
returns for 1926-1980 are those of stocks comprising the 5th quintile of the New
York Stock Exchange. Thereafter, returns are those of the Dimensional Fund
Advisors (DFA) Small Company Fund. Common stock returns are based on the S&P
Composite Index, a market-weighted, unmanaged index of 500 stocks (currently) in
a variety of industries. It is often used as a broad measure of stock market
performance.
Long-term government bond returns are measured using a constant one-bond
portfolio with a maturity of roughly 20 years. Treasury bill returns are for a
one-month bill. Treasuries are guaranteed by the government as to the timely
payment of principal and interest; equities are not. Inflation is measured by
the consumer price index (CPI).
II-1
<PAGE>
Set forth below is historical performance data relating to various sectors
of the fixed-income securities markets. The chart shows the historical total
returns of U.S. Treasury bonds, U.S. mortgage securities, U.S. corporate bonds,
U.S. high yield bonds and world government bonds on an annual basis from 1987
through 1997. The total returns of the indices include accrued interest, plus
the price changes (gains or losses) of the underlying securities during the
period mentioned. The data is provided to illustrate the varying historical
total returns and investors should not consider this performance data as an
indication of the future performance of the Fund or of any sector in which the
Fund invests.
All information relies on data obtained from statistical services, reports
and other services believed by the Manager to be reliable. Such information has
not been verified. The figures do not reflect the operating expenses and fees of
a mutual fund. See "Risk/Return Summary--Fees and Expenses" in the prospectus.
The net effect of the deduction of the operating expenses of a mutual fund on
these historical total returns, including the compounded effect over time, could
be substantial.
HISTORICAL TOTAL RETURNS OF DIFFERENT BOND MARKET SECTORS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
'87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. GOVERNMENT
TREASURY
BONDS(1) 2.0% 7.0% 14.4% 8.5% 15.3% 7.2% 10.7% (3.4)% 18.4% 2.7% 9.6%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U. S. GOVERNMENT
MORTGAGE
SECURITIES(2) 4.3% 8.7% 15.4% 10.7% 15.7% 7.0% 6.8% (1.6)% 16.8% 5.4% 9.5%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. INVESTMENT
GRADE
CORPORATE
BONDS(3) 2.6% 9.2% 14.1% 7.1% 18.5% 8.7% 12.2% (3.9)% 22.3% 3.3% 10.2%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
HIGH YIELD
CORPORATE
BONDS(4) 5.0% 12.5% 0.8% (9.6)% 46.2% 15.8% 17.1% (1.0)% 19.2% 11.4% 12.8%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WORLD
GOVERNMENT
BONDS(5) 35.2% 2.3% (3.4)% 15.3% 16.2% 4.8% 15.1% 6.0% 19.6% 4.1% (4.3)%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
HIGHEST
AND LOWEST RETURN
PERCENT 33.2 10.2 18.8 24.9 30.9 11.0 10.3 9.9 5.5 8.7 17.12
</TABLE>
(1)LEHMAN BROTHERS TREASURY BOND INDEX is an unmanaged index made up of over 150
public issues of the U.S. Treasury having maturities of at least one year.
(2)LEHMAN BROTHERS MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES INDEX is an unmanaged index that
includes over 600 15- and 30-year fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities of the
Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), Federal National Mortgage
Association (FNMA), and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC).
(3)LEHMAN BROTHERS CORPORATE BOND INDEX includes over 3,000 public fixed-rate,
nonconvertible investment-grade bonds. All bonds are U.S. dollar-denominated
issues and include debt issued or guaranteed by foreign sovereign governments,
municipalities, governmental agencies or international agencies. All bonds in
the index have maturities of at least one year.
(4)LEHMAN BROTHERS HIGH YIELD BOND INDEX is an unmanaged index comprising over
750 public, fixed-rate, nonconvertible bonds that are rated Ba1 or lower by
Moody's Investors Service (or rated BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor's or Fitch
Investors Service). All bonds in the index have maturities of at least one year.
(5)SALOMON BROTHERS WORLD GOVERNMENT INDEX (NON U.S.) includes over 800 bonds
issued by various foreign governments or agencies, excluding those in the U.S.,
but including those in Japan, Germany, France, the U.K., Canada, Italy,
Australia, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Austria. All
bonds in the index have maturities of at least one year.
II-2
<PAGE>
This chart illustrates the performance of major world stock markets for the
period from December 31, 1986 through December 31, 1997. It does not represent
the performance of any Prudential Mutual Fund.
AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS OF MAJOR WORLD STOCK MARKETS (12/31/86 - 12/31/97)
IN U.S. DOLLARS
EDGAR REPRESENTATION OF DATA POINTS USED IN PRINTED GRAPHIC
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
The Netherlands 20.5%
Sweden 20.4%
Spain 20.4%
Hong Kong 19.7%
Belgium 19.5%
Switzerland 17.9%
USA 17.1%
UK 16.6%
France 15.6%
Germany 12.1%
Austria 9.6%
Japan 6.6%
</TABLE>
Source: Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and Lipper Analytical
Services, Inc. Used with permission. Morgan Stanley Country indices are
unmanaged indices which include those stocks making up the largest two-thirds of
each country's total stock market capitalization. Returns reflect the
reinvestment of all distributions. This chart is for illustrative purposes only
and is not indicative of the past, present or future performance of any specific
investment. Investors cannot invest directly in stock indices.
This chart shows the growth of a hypothetical $10,000 investment made in the
stocks representing the S&P 500 stock index with and without reinvested
dividends.
EDGAR Representation of Chart
1969-1996
Capital Appreciation Only -- $105,413
Capital Appreciation and Reinvesting Dividends
- -- $304,596
Source: Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation 1998 Yearbook, Ibbotson Associates,
Chicago (annually updates work by Roger G. Ibbotson and Rex A. Sinquefield).
Used with permission. All rights reserved. This chart is used for illustrative
purposes only and is not intended to represent the past, present or future
performance of any Prudential Mutual Fund. Common stock total return is based on
the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index, a market-value-weighted index made up of
500 of the largest stocks in the U.S. based upon their stock market value.
Investors cannot invest directly in indices.
WORLD STOCK MARKET CAPITALIZATION BY REGION
World Total: $12.5 Trillion
EDGAR REPRESENTATION OF DATA POINTS USED IN PRINTED GRAPHIC
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Canada 2.5%
U.S. 49.8%
Europe 32.1%
Pacific
Basin 15.6%
</TABLE>
Source: Morgan Stanley Capital International, December 31, 1997. Used with
permission. This chart represents the capitalization of major world stock
markets as measured by the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) World
Index. The total market capitalization is based on the value of approximately
1577 companies in 22 countries (representing approximately 60% of the aggregate
market value of the stock exchanges). This chart is for illustrative purposes
only and does not represent the allocation of any Prudential Mutual Fund.
II-3
<PAGE>
This chart below shows the historical volatility of general interest rates
as measured by the long U.S. Treasury Bond.
LONG U.S. TREASURY BOND YIELD IN PERCENT (1926-1997)
[CHART]
Source: Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation 1998 Yearbook, Ibbotson Associates,
Chicago (annually updates work by Roger G. Ibbotson and Rex A. Sinquefield).
Used with permission. All rights reserved. The chart illustrates the historical
yield of the long-term U.S. Treasury Bond from 1926-1997. Yields represent that
of an annually renewed one-bond portfolio with a remaining maturity of
approximately 20 years. This chart is for illustrative purposes and should not
be construed to represent the yields of any Prudential Mutual Fund.
II-4
<PAGE>
APPENDIX III--INFORMATION RELATING TO PRUDENTIAL
Set forth below is information relating to The Prudential Insurance Company
of America (Prudential) and its subsidiaries as well as information relating to
the Prudential Mutual Funds. See "How the Fund is Managed--Manager" in the
Prospectus. The data will be used in sales materials relating to the Prudential
Mutual Funds. Unless otherwise indicated, the information is as of December 31,
1996 and is subject to change thereafter. All information relies on data
provided by The Prudential Investment Corporation (PIC) or from other sources
believed by the Manager to be reliable. Such information has not been verified
by the Fund.
INFORMATION ABOUT PRUDENTIAL
The Manager and PIC(1) are subsidiaries of Prudential, which is one of the
largest diversified financial services institutions in the world and, based on
total assets, the largest insurance company in North America as of December 31,
1997. Principal products and services include life and health insurance, other
healthcare products, property and casualty insurance, securities brokerage,
asset management, investment advisory services and real estate brokerage.
Prudential (together with its subsidiaries) employs almost 79,000 persons
worldwide, and maintains a sales force of approximately 10,100 agents and nearly
6,500 financial advisors. Prudential is a major issuer of annuities, including
variable annuities. Prudential seeks to develop innovative products and services
to meet consumer needs in each of its business areas. Prudential uses the Rock
of Gibraltar as its symbol. Prudential rock is a recognized brand name
throughout the world.
INSURANCE. Prudential has been engaged in the insurance business since 1875.
It insures or provides financial services to nearly 40 million people worldwide.
Long one of the largest issuers of individual life insurance, Prudential has 25
million life insurance policies and group certificates in force today with a
face value of almost $1 trillion. Prudential has the largest capital base ($12.1
billion) of any life insurance company in the United States. Prudential provides
auto insurance for approximately 1.5 million cars and insures approximately 1.2
million homes.
MONEY MANAGEMENT. Prudential is one of the largest pension fund managers in
the country, providing pension services to 1 in 3 Fortune 500 firms. It manages
$36 billion of individual retirement plan assets, such as 401(k) plans. As of
December 31, 1997, Prudential had more than $370 billion in assets under
management. Prudential Investments, a business group of Prudential (of which
Prudential Mutual Funds is a key part), manages over $211 billion in assets of
institutions and individuals. In PENSIONS & INVESTMENTS, May 12, 1997,
Prudential was ranked third in terms of total assets under management.
REAL ESTATE. The Prudential Real Estate Affiliates, the fourth largest real
estate brokerage network in the United States, has more than 37,000 brokers and
agents and more than 1,100 offices throughout the United States.(2)
HEALTHCARE. Over two decades ago, Prudential introduced the first
federally-funded, for-profit HMO in the country. Today, approximately 4.9
million Americans receive healthcare from a Prudential managed care membership.
FINANCIAL SERVICES. The Prudential Savings Bank FSB, a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Prudential, has over $4 billion in assets and serves nearly 1.5
million customers across 50 states.
INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUNDS
As of December 31, 1997, Prudential Investments Fund Management was the 18th
largest mutual fund company in the country, with over 2.5 million shareholders
invested in more than 50 mutual fund portfolios and variable annuities with more
than 3.7 million shareholder accounts.
The Prudential Mutual Funds have over 30 portfolio managers who manage over
$55 billion in mutual fund and variable annuity assets. Some of Prudential's
portfolio managers have over 20 years of experience managing investment
portfolios.
From time to time, there may be media coverage of portfolio managers and
other investment professionals associated with the Manager and the Subadviser in
national and regional publications, on television and in other media.
Additionally, individual mutual fund portfolios are frequently cited in surveys
conducted by national and regional publications and media organizations such as
THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, THE NEW YORK TIMES, BARRON'S and USA TODAY.
- ------------------------
(1) PIC serves as the subadviser to substantially all of the Prudential Mutual
Funds. Wellington Management Company serves as the subadviser to Global
Utility Fund, Inc., Nicholas-Applegate Capital Management as the subadviser
to Nicholas-Applegate Fund, Inc., Jennison Associates LLC as a subadviser to
The Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. and Mercator Asset Management LP
as the subadviser to International Stock Series, a portfolio of Prudential
World Fund, Inc. There are multiple subadvisers for The Target Portfolio
Trust.
(2) As of December 31, 1996.
III-1
<PAGE>
EQUITY FUNDS. FORBES magazine listed Prudential Equity Fund among twenty
mutual funds on its Honor Roll in its mutual fund issue of August 28, 1995.
Honorees are chosen annually among mutual funds (excluding sector funds) which
are open to new investors and have had the same management for at least five
years. Forbes considers, among other criteria, the total return of a mutual fund
in both bull and bear markets as well as a fund's risk profile. Prudential
Equity Fund is managed with a "value" investment style by PIC. In 1995,
Prudential Securities introduced Prudential Jennison Growth Fund, a growth-style
equity fund managed by Jennison Associates LLC, a premier institutional equity
manager and a subsidiary of Prudential.
HIGH YIELD FUNDS. Investing in high yield bonds is a complex and research
intensive pursuit. A separate team of high yield bond analysts monitors
approximately 200 issues held in the Prudential High Yield Fund (currently the
largest fund of its kind in the country) along with 100 or so other high yield
bonds, which may be considered for purchase.(3) Non-investment grade bonds, also
known as junk bonds or high yield bonds, are subject to a greater risk of loss
of principal and interest including default risk than higher-rated bonds.
Prudential high yield portfolio managers and analysts meet face-to-face with
almost every bond issuer in the High Yield Fund's portfolio annually, and have
additional telephone contact throughout the year.
Prudential's portfolio managers are supported by a large and sophisticated
research organization. Fourteen investment grade bond analysts monitor the
financial viability of approximately 1,750 different bond issuers in the
investment grade corporate and municipal bond markets--from IBM to small
municipalities, such as Rockaway Township, New Jersey. These analysts consider
among other things sinking fund provisions and interest coverage ratios.
Prudential's portfolio managers and analysts receive research services from
almost 200 brokers and market service vendors. They also receive nearly 100
trade publications and newspapers--from PULP AND PAPER FORECASTER to WOMEN'S
WEAR DAILY--to keep them informed of the industries they follow.
Prudential Mutual Funds' traders scan over 100 computer monitors to collect
detailed information on which to trade. From natural gas prices in the Rocky
Mountains to the results of local municipal elections, a Prudential portfolio
manager or trader is able to monitor it if it's important to a Prudential Mutual
Fund.
Prudential Mutual Funds trade approximately $31 billion in U.S. and foreign
government securities a year. PIC seeks information from government policy
makers. In 1995, Prudential's portfolio managers met with several senior U.S.
and foreign government officials, on issues ranging from economic conditions in
foreign countries to the viability of index-linked securities in the United
States.
Prudential Mutual Funds' portfolio managers and analysts met with over 1,200
companies in 1995, often with the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) or Chief
Financial Officer (CFO). They also attended over 250 industry conferences.
Prudential Mutual Fund global equity managers conducted many of their visits
overseas, often holding private meetings with a company in a foreign language
(our global equity managers speak 7 different languages, including Mandarin
Chinese).
TRADING DATA.(4) On an average day, Prudential Mutual Funds' U.S. and
foreign equity trading desks traded $77 million in securities representing over
3.8 million shares with nearly 200 different firms. Prudential Mutual Funds'
bond trading desks traded $157 million in government and corporate bonds on an
average day. That represents more in daily trading than most bond funds tracked
by Lipper even have in assets.(5) Prudential Mutual Funds' money market desk
traded $3.2 billion in money market securities on an average day, or over $800
billion a year. They made a trade every 3 minutes of every trading day. In 1994,
the Prudential Mutual Funds effected more than 40,000 trades in money market
securities and held on average $20 billion of money market securities.(6)
Based on complex-wide data, on an average day, over 7,250 shareholders
telephoned Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC, the Transfer Agent of the
Prudential Mutual Funds, on the Prudential Mutual Funds' toll-free number. On an
annual basis, that represents approximately 1.8 million telephone calls
answered.
- ------------------------
(3) As of December 31, 1996. The number of bonds and the size of the Fund are
subject to change.
(4) Trading data represents average daily transactions for portfolios of the
Prudential Mutual Funds for which PIC serves as the subadviser, portfolios
of the Prudential Series Fund and institutional and non-US accounts managed
by Prudential Investments, a business group of PIC, for the year ended
December 31, 1995.
(5) Based on 669 funds in Lipper Analytical Services categories of Short U.S.
Treasury, Short U.S. Government, Intermediate U.S. Treasury, Intermediate
U.S. Government, Short Investment Grade Debt, Intermediate Investment Grade
Debt, General U.S. Treasury, General U.S. Government and Mortgage funds.
(6) As of December 31, 1994.
III-2
<PAGE>
INFORMATION ABOUT PRUDENTIAL SECURITIES
Prudential Securities is the fifth largest retail brokerage firm in the
United States with approximately 6,000 financial advisors. It offers to its
clients a wide range of products, including Prudential Mutual Funds and
annuities. As of December 31, 1997, assets held by Prudential Securities for its
clients approximated $235 billion. During 1997, over 29,000 new customer
accounts were opened each month at Prudential Securities.(7)
Prudential Securities has a two-year Financial Advisor training program plus
advanced education programs, including Prudential Securities "university," which
provides advanced education in a wide array of investment areas.
In 1995, Prudential Securities' equity research team ranked 8th in
INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR magazine's 1995 "All America Research Team" survey. Three
Prudential Securities analysts were ranked as first-team finishers.(8)
In addition to training, Prudential Securities provides its financial
advisors with access to firm economists and market analysts. It has also
developed proprietary tools for use by financial advisors, including the
Financial Architect-SM-, a state-of-the-art asset allocation software program
which helps Financial Advisors to evaluate a client's objectives and overall
financial plan, and a comprehensive mutual fund information and analysis system
that compares different mutual funds.
For more complete information about any of the Prudential Mutual Funds,
including charges and expenses, call your Prudential Securities financial
adviser or Pruco/Prudential representative for a free prospectus. Read it
carefully before you invest or send money.
- ------------------------
(7) As of December 31, 1997.
(8) On an annual basis, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR magazine surveys more than 700
institutional money managers, chief investment officers and research
directors, asking them to evaluate analysts in 76 industry sectors. Scores
are produced by taking the number of votes awarded to an individual analyst
and weighting them based on the size of the voting institution. In total,
the magazine sends its survey to approximately 2,000 institutions and a
group of European and Asian institutions.
III-3
<PAGE>
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 23. EXHIBITS.
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
(a) (1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (a)(1) to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Certificate of Trust. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
(a)(2) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No.
333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(b) By-Laws. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (b) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(c) Instruments defining rights of shareholders. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (c) to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(d) (1) Form of Management Agreement between the Registrant and
Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (d)(1) to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Form of Subadvisory Agreement between Prudential Investments
Fund Management LLC and The Prudential Investment
Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(2) to
the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(e) (1) Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and
Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit (e)(1) to the Registration Statement
on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Form of Selected Dealer Agreement. Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit (e)(2) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A
(File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(g) Custodian Contract between the Registrant and State Street
Bank and Trust Company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
(g) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No.
333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(h) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Registrant
and Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (h) to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(i) Opinion of Gardner, Carton & Douglas.*
(j) Consent of Independent Accountants.*
(l) Purchase Agreement.*
(m) (1) Distribution and Service Plan for Class A Shares.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(1) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Distribution and Service Plan for Class B Shares.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(2) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(3) Distribution and Service Plan for Class C Shares.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(3) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(o) Rule 18f-3 Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (o) to
the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
</TABLE>
- ------------
* Filed herewith.
ITEM 24. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT.
None.
C-1
<PAGE>
ITEM 25. INDEMNIFICATION.
As permitted by Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended (the 1940 Act) and pursuant to Del. Code Ann. title 12 sec. 3817, a
Delaware business trust may provide in its governing instrument for the
indemnification of its officers and trustees from and against any and all claims
and demands whatsoever. Article VII, Section 2 of the Agreement and Declaration
of Trust (Exhibit (a)(1) to Registration Statement) states that (1) the
Registrant shall indemnify any present trustee or officer to the fullest extent
permitted by law against liability, and all expenses reasonably incurred by him
or her in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he or
she is involved by virtue of his or her service as a trustee, officer or both,
and against any amount incurred in settlement thereof and (2) all persons
extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Registrant
shall look only to the assets of the appropriate Series (or if no Series has yet
been established, only to the assets of the Registrant). Indemnification will
not be provided to a person adjudged by a court or other adjudicatory body to be
liable to the Registrant or its shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties
(collectively "disabling conduct"). In the event of a settlement, no
indemnification may be provided unless there has been a determination, as
specified in the Declaration of Trust, that the officer or trustee did not
engage in disabling conduct. In addition, Article XI of Registrant's By-Laws
(Exhibit (b) to the Registration Statement) provides that any trustee, officer,
employee or other agent of Registrant shall be indemnified by the Registrant
against all liabilities and expenses subject to certain limitations and
exceptions contained in Article XI of the By-Laws. As permitted by Section 17(i)
of the 1940 Act, pursuant to Section 10 of the Distribution Agreement (Exhibit
(e)(1) to the Registration Statement), the Distributor of the Registrant may be
indemnified against liabilities which it may incur, except liabilities arising
from bad faith, gross negligence, willful misfeasance or reckless disregard of
duties.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (Securities Act) may be permitted to trustees, officers and
controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions or
otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the 1940 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a
claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by
the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer, or
controlling person of the Registrant in connection with the successful defense
of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted against the Registrant by such
trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the shares being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the 1940 Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
The Registrant has purchased an insurance policy insuring its officers and
trustees against liabilities, and certain costs of defending claims against such
officers and trustees, to the extent such officers and trustees are not found to
have committed conduct constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence or reckless disregard in the performance of their duties. The
insurance policy also insures the Registrant against the cost of indemnification
payments to officers and directors under certain circumstances.
Section 9 of the Management Agreement (Exhibit (d)(1) to the Registration
Statement) and Section 4 of the Subadvisory Agreement (Exhibit (d)(2) to the
Registration Statement) limit the liability of Prudential Investments Fund
Management LLC (PIFM) and The Prudential Investment Corporation (PIC),
respectively, to liabilities arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith or
gross negligence in the performance of their respective duties or from reckless
disregard by them of their respective obligations and duties under the
agreements.
The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification
provisions of its By-Laws, Declaration of Trust and the Distribution Agreement
in a manner consistent with Release No. 11330 of the Securities and Exchange
Commission under the 1940 Act so long as the interpretation of Section 17(h) and
17(i) of such Act remain in effect and are consistently applied.
Under Section 17(h) of the 1940 Act, it is the position of the staff of the
Securities and Exchange Commission that if there is neither a court
determination on the merits that the defendant is not liable nor a court
determination that the defendant was not
C-2
<PAGE>
guilty of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard
of the duties involved in the conduct of one's office, no indemnification will
be permitted unless an independent legal counsel (not including a counsel who
does work for either the Registrant, its investment adviser, its principal
underwriter or persons affiliated with these persons) determines, based upon a
review of the facts, that the person in question was not guilty of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Under its Declaration of Trust, the Registrant may advance funds to provide
for indemnification. Pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission staff's
position on Section 17(h) advances will be limited in the following respect:
(1) Any advances must be limited to amounts used, or to be used, for the
preparation and/or presentation of a defense to the action (including
cost connected with preparation of a settlement);
(2) Any advances must be accompanied by a written promise by, or on behalf
of, the recipient to repay that amount of the advance which exceeds the
amount to which it is ultimately determined that he is entitled to
receive from the Registrant by reason of indemnification;
(3) Such promise must be secured by a surety bond or other suitable
insurance; and
(4) Such surety bond or other insurance must be paid for by the recipient of
such advance.
ITEM 26. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER.
(a) Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC (PIFM)
See "How the Fund is Managed--Manager" in the Prospectus constituting Part A
of this Registration Statement and "Investment Advisory and Other Services" in
the Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B of this Registration
Statement.
The business and other connections of the officers of PIFM are listed in
Schedules A and D of Form ADV of PIFM as currently on file with the Securities
and Exchange Commission, the text of which is hereby incorporated by reference
(File No. 801-31104).
The business and other connections of PIFM's directors and principal
executive officers are set forth below. Except as otherwise indicated, the
address of each person is Gateway Center Three, 100 Mulberry Street, Newark, NJ
07102-4077.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AND ADDRESS POSITION WITH PIFM PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
- ------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Robert F. Gunia Executive Vice President and Vice President, Prudential Investments; Executive Vice
Treasurer President and Treasurer, PIFM; Senior Vice President
of Prudential Securities
Neil A. McGuiness Executive Vice President Executive Vice President and Director of Marketing,
Prudential Mutual Funds & Annuities (PMF&A); Executive
Vice President, PIFM
Brian M. Storms Officer-In-Charge, President, Chief President, PMF&A; Officer-In-Charge, President, Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer, PIFM
Operating Officer
Robert J. Sullivan Executive Vice President Executive Vice President, PMF&A; Executive Vice
President, PIFM
</TABLE>
(b) The Prudential Investment Corporation (PIC)
C-3
<PAGE>
See "How the Fund is Managed--Manager" in the Prospectus constituting Part A
of this Registration Statement and "Investment Advisory and Other Services" in
the Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B of this Registration
Statement.
The business and other connections of PIC's directors and executive officers
are as set forth below. The address of each person is Prudential Plaza, Newark,
NJ 07102.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AND ADDRESS POSITION WITH PIC PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
- ------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
E. Michael Caulfield Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive Officer of Prudential Investments of
Chief Executive Officer and Director The Prudential Insurance Company of America
(Prudential)
John R. Strangfeld, Jr. Vice President and Director President of Private Asset Management Group of
Prudential; Senior Vice President, Prudential; Vice
President and Director, PIC
</TABLE>
ITEM 27. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS.
(a) Prudential Investment Management Services LLC (PIMS)
PIMS is distributor for the Cash Accumulation Trust, Command Money Fund,
Command Government Fund, Command Tax-Free Fund, The Global Total Return Fund,
Inc., Global Utility Fund, Inc., Nicholas-Applegate Fund, Inc.
(Nicholas-Applegate Growth Equity Fund), Prudential Balanced Fund, Prudential
California Municipal Fund, Prudential Distressed Securities Fund, Inc.,
Prudential Diversified Bond Fund, Inc., Prudential Emerging Growth Fund, Inc.,
Prudential Equity Fund, Inc., Prudential Equity Income Fund, Prudential Europe
Growth Fund, Inc., Prudential Global Genesis Fund, Inc., Prudential Global
Limited Maturity Fund, Inc., Prudential Government Income Fund, Inc., Prudential
Government Securities Trust, Prudential High Yield Fund, Inc., Prudential High
Yield Total Return Fund, Inc., Prudential Index Series Fund, Prudential
Institutional Liquidity Portfolio, Inc., Prudential Intermediate Global Income
Fund, Inc., Prudential International Bond Fund, Inc., Prudential Mid-Cap Value
Fund, Prudential MoneyMart Assets, Inc., Prudential Mortgage Income Fund, Inc.,
Prudential Municipal Bond Fund, Prudential Municipal Series Fund, Prudential
National Municipals Fund, Inc., Prudential Natural Resources Fund, Inc.,
Prudential Pacific Growth Fund, Inc., Prudential Real Estate Securities Fund,
Prudential Small-Cap Quantum Fund, Inc., Prudential Small Company Value Fund,
Inc., Prudential Special Money Market Fund, Inc., Prudential Structured Maturity
Fund, Inc., Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund, Prudential 20/20 Focus Fund,
Prudential Utility Fund, Inc., Prudential World Fund, Inc., The Prudential
Investment Portfolios, Inc. and The Target Portfolio Trust.
(b) Information concerning the directors and officers of PIMS is set forth
below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
POSITIONS AND POSITIONS AND
OFFICES WITH OFFICES WITH
NAME (1) UNDERWRITER REGISTRANT
- ------------------------------ --------------------------------------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
E. Michael Caulfield.......... President None
Mark R. Fetting............... Executive Vice President None
Gateway Center Three
100 Mulberry Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
Jean D. Hamilton.............. Executive Vice President None
Ronald P. Joelson............. Executive Vice President None
Brian M. Storms............... Executive Vice President President and
Gateway Center Three Trustee
100 Mulberry Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
</TABLE>
C-4
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
John R. Strangfeld............ Executive Vice President None
Mario A. Mosse................ Senior Vice President and Chief Operating None
Officer
Scott S. Wallner.............. Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal None
Officer
Michael G. Williamson......... Vice President, Comptroller and Chief None
Financial Officer
C. Edward Chaplin............. Treasurer None
</TABLE>
- ------------
(1) The address of each person named is Prudential Plaza, Newark, New Jersey
07102 unless otherwise indicated.
(c) Registrant has no principal underwriter who is not an affiliated person
of the Registrant.
ITEM 28. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS.
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section
31(a) of the 1940 Act and the Rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Heritage Drive, North Quincy,
Massachusetts, 02171, The Prudential Investment Corporation, Prudential Plaza,
751 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, the Registrant, Gateway Center
Three, Newark, New Jersey 07102-4077, and Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC,
Raritan Plaza One, Edison, New Jersey 08837. Documents required by Rules
31a-1(b)(5), (6), (7), (9), (10) and (11), 31a-1(f), 31a-1(b)(4) and (11) and
31a-1(d) will be kept at Gateway Center Three, 100 Mulberry Street, Newark, New
Jersey 07102-4077 and the remaining accounts, books and other documents required
by such other pertinent provisions of Section 31(a) and the Rules promulgated
thereunder will be kept by State Street Bank and Trust Company and Prudential
Mutual Fund Services LLC.
ITEM 29. MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
Other than as set forth under the captions "How the Fund is
Managed--Manager" and "How the Fund is Managed-- Distributor" in the Prospectus
and the caption "Investment Advisory and Other Services" in the Statement of
Additional Information, constituting Parts A and B, respectively, of this
Registration Statement, Registrant is not a party to any management-related
service contract.
ITEM 30. UNDERTAKING.
Not applicable.
C-5
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Fund has duly caused this Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the
City of Newark, and State of New Jersey, on the 23rd day of December, 1998.
PRUDENTIAL TAX-MANAGED EQUITY FUND
By /s/ BRIAN M. STORMS
------------------------------------------
Brian M. Storms,
PRESIDENT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration
Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and
on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
- ------------------------------ -------------------------- -------------------
/s/ GRACE C. TORRES Treasurer and Principal
- ------------------------------ Financial and Accounting December 23, 1998
Grace C. Torres Officer
/s/ EDWARD D. BEACH
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Edward D. Beach
/s/ DELAYNE D. GOLD
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Delayne D. Gold
/s/ ROBERT F. GUNIA
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Robert F. Gunia
/s/ DOUGLAS H. MCCORKINDALE
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Douglas H. McCorkindale
/s/ MENDEL A. MELZER
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Mendel A. Melzer
/s/ THOMAS T. MOONEY
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Thomas T. Mooney
/s/ STEPHEN P. MUNN
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Stephen P. Munn
/s/ RICHARD A. REDEKER
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Richard A. Redeker
/s/ ROBIN B. SMITH
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Robin B. Smith
/s/ BRIAN M. STORMS
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Brian M. Storms
/s/ LOUIS A. WEIL, III
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Louis A. Weil, III
/s/ CLAY T. WHITEHEAD
- ------------------------------ Trustee December 23, 1998
Clay T. Whitehead
C-6
<PAGE>
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NO. DESCRIPTION
- ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<C> <S>
(a) (1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) to the Registration
Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Certificate of Trust. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(2) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A
(File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(b) By-Laws. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (b) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No.
333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(c) Instruments defining rights of shareholders. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (c) to the Registration
Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(d) (1) Form of Management Agreement between the Registrant and Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(1) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Form of Subadvisory Agreement between Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC and The Prudential
Investment Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(2) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A
(File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(e) (1) Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(1) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895)
filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Form of Selected Dealer Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(2) to the Registration Statement
on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(g) Custodian Contract between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit (g) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(h) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Registrant and Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed
on November 6, 1998.
(i) Opinion of Gardner, Carton & Douglas.*
(j) Consent of Independent Accountants.*
(l) Purchase Agreement.*
(m) (1) Distribution and Service Plan for Class A Shares. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(1) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(2) Distribution and Service Plan for Class B Shares. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(2) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(3) Distribution and Service Plan for Class C Shares. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(3) to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
(o) Rule 18f-3 Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (o) to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No.
333-66895) filed on November 6, 1998.
</TABLE>
- ------------
* Filed herewith.
<PAGE>
GARDNER, CARTON & DOUGLAS
Suite 3400 - Quaker Tower
321 North Clark Street
Chicago, Illinois 60610-4795
(312) 644-3000
Telecopier: (312) 644-3381
December 21, 1998
Securities and Exchange Commission
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund
Indefinite Number of Shares of Beneficial Interest,
$.001 par value per share
Ladies and Gentlemen:
As counsel for Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund, a Delaware business
trust (the "Fund"), we have examined the proceedings taken and being taken
for the registration by the Fund on Form N-1A of an indefinite number of
shares of beneficial interest, $.001 par value per share.
We have examined all instruments, documents and records which, in our
opinion, were necessary of examination for the purpose of rendering this
opinion. Based upon such examination, we are of the opinion that the
above-described shares of beneficial interest will be, if and when issued by
the Fund in the manner and upon the terms set forth in said Form N-1A,
validly authorized and issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the
Fund's Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as it may be amended.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Gardner, Carton & Douglas
<PAGE>
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We hereby consent to the use in the Statement of Additional Information
constituting part of this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the registration
statement on Form N-1A (the "Registration Statement") of our report dated
December 22, 1998, relating to the statement of assets and liabilities of
Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund, which appears in such Statement of
Additional Information. We also consent to the reference to us under the
heading "Investment Advisory and Other Services" in such Statement of
Additional Information.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
December 22, 1998
<PAGE>
PURCHASE AGREEMENT
Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund (the Fund), an open-end,
diversified management investment company and a Delaware business trust,
and Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC, a New York limited liability
company (PIFM), intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
1. In order to provide the Fund with its initial capital, the Fund
hereby sells to PIFM and PIFM hereby purchases, 10,000 shares of beneficial
interest (the Shares) of the Fund. The Shares are apportioned as follows:
2,500 Shares of Class A, 2,500 Shares of Class B, 2,500 Shares of Class C and
2,500 Shares of Class Z, each at the net asset value of $10.00 per share. The
Fund hereby acknowledges receipt from PIFM of funds in the amount of $100,000
in full payment for the Shares.
2. PIFM represents and warrants to the Fund that the Shares are being
acquired for investment and not with a view to distribution thereof and that
PIFM has no present intention to redeem and dispose of any of the Shares.
IN WITNESS THEREOF, the parties have executed this agreement as of
the 8th day of December, 1998.
Prudential Tax-Managed Equity Fund
By /s/ Grace C. Torres
--------------------------------
Grace C. Torres
Treasurer
Prudential Investments Fund Management LLC
By /s/ Marguerite E.H. Morrison
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Marguerite E.H. Morrison
Vice President
