<PAGE> 1
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JUNE 25, 1999
Registration No. 333-75295
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC.
(As sponsor of the trusts described herein)
Nevada 10790 Rancho Bernardo Road 88-0360305
(Jurisdiction) San Diego, California 92127 (I.R.S. Employee
(Address of principal executive offices) Identification No.)
--------------------
ELIZABETH MAI, ESQ.
WELSH & MCKEAN ROADS
SPRING HOUSE, PENNSYLVANIA 19477
(215) 657-4000
(NAME, ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE,
OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
-------------------------
COPIES TO:
CHRIS DIANGELO, ESQ.
DEWEY BALLANTINE LLP
1301 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10019
-------------------------
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC:
From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box. [ ]
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be
offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with
dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. [X]
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering. [ ]
If this Form is filed as a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration
statement for the same offering. [ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule
434, please check the following box. [ ]
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
===============================================================================================================================
Proposed Proposed
Title of Securities Amount Maximum Maximum Amount of
Being Registered To be Aggregate Price Aggregate Registration
Registered(1)(2) Per Unit(1) Offering Price(1) Fee (2)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Securities $199,051,007.20 100% $199,051,007.20 $55,336.18
===============================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in
accordance with Rule 457(a).
(2) In accordance with Rule 429 under the Securities Act of 1933, the
Prospectus included herein also relates to Registration Statement on Form
S-3, File No. 333-48955 (the "Prior Registration Statement"). The amount
of securities for which the registration fee was paid when the Prior
Registration Statement was filed ($55,058.18 in fees) shall be carried
forward to this Registration Statement. In addition, $278 in filing fees
was paid when this Registration Statement was originally filed.
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES
AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE
A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT
SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME
EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(a),
MAY DETERMINE.
<PAGE> 2
DRAFT OF JUNE 23, 1999
Prospectus supplement to prospectus dated ________________, 1999
ADVANTA MORTGAGE LOAN TRUST [ISSUE]
Issuer
[$__________]
(APPROXIMATE)
MORTGAGE LOAN ASSET-BACKED CERTIFICATES, SERIES [ISSUE]
[ADVANTA LOGO] [ADVANTA LOGO]
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC. ADVANTA MORTGAGE CORP. USA
SPONSOR MASTER SERVICER
WE SUGGEST THAT YOU READ THE SECTION ENTITLED "RISK FACTORS" STARTING ON PAGE S-
OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND CONSIDER THESE FACTORS BEFORE MAKING A
DECISION TO INVEST IN THE CERTIFICATES.
These certificates represent non-recourse obligations of the trust only and are
not interests in or obligations of any other person or entity.
Neither these certificates nor the mortgage loans will be insured or guaranteed
by any governmental agency or instrumentality.
This prospectus supplement may be used to offer and sell the certificates only
if accompanied by the prospectus.
THE TRUST IS OFFERING THE FOLLOWING SEVEN CLASSES OF SENIOR CLASS [A]
CERTIFICATES:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Initial Pass- Final Scheduled
Class Principal Balance Through Rate Payment Date
<S> <C> <C> <C>
[A-__] [$__________] [____%] [_______, ____]
[A-__] [$__________] [LIBOR + ___%] [_______, ____]
</TABLE>
Interest and principal on the class [A] certificates is scheduled to be paid
monthly on the 25th day of the month, or the next business day. The first
scheduled payment date is ______ __, ____.
The property of the trust consists of two separate groups of sub-prime
residential mortgage loans; one group consists entirely of fixed-rate loans, and
the other group consists entirely of adjustable rate loans. The trust will also
hold cash to purchase additional sub-prime residential mortgage loans on or
before [________ __, ____].
Each of the class [A] certificates will have the benefit of an insurance policy
from [Insurer] which will guarantee payments with respect to the class [A]
certificates.
[[Insurer] LOGO]
Delivery of the notes is expected in book-entry form through DTC, Cedelbank and
the Euroclear System on or about [date].
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRICE TO UNDERWRITING PROCEEDS TO
PUBLIC(1) DISCOUNT THE SPONSOR(2)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Per note.... ___% ___% ___%
Total....... $ ___ $ ___ $ ___
</TABLE>
(1) Plus accrued interest, if any, from the date the notes are issued.
(2) Before deducting expenses, estimated to be approximately $________.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the
accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus supplement. Any representation to the
contrary is a criminal offense.
[UNDERWRITER[S]]
The date of this prospectus supplement is ___________, ____
<PAGE> 3
IMPORTANT NOTICE ABOUT THE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS
We provide information to you about these securities in two separate
documents that progressively provide more detail: (1) the accompanying
prospectus, which provides general information, some of which may not apply to
this series of securities; and (2) this prospectus supplement, which describes
the specific terms of this series of securities.
This prospectus supplement does not contain complete information about
the offering of these securities. We suggest that you read both this prospectus
supplement and the prospectus in full. We cannot sell these securities to you
unless you have received both this prospectus supplement and the prospectus.
S-2
<PAGE> 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Summary................................................................................ S-4
Risk Factors........................................................................... S-8
Delinquency and Loss Information....................................................... S-10
Delinquencies....................................................................... S-10
The Mortgage Loans..................................................................... S-12
The Fixed Rate Group................................................................ S-13
Conveyance of subsequent mortgage loans to the fixed rate group .................... S-15
The ARM Group....................................................................... S-16
Conveyance of Subsequent Mortgage Loans to the ARM Group............................ S-19
Prepayment And Yield Considerations.................................................... S-19
Projected Prepayments and Yields for [Class A] Certificates......................... S-19
Payment Lag Feature of the Class [A] Fixed Rate Group Certificates.................. S-23
Use of Proceeds........................................................................ S-23
The Sponsor and the Master Servicer.................................................... S-24
Description of the Certificates........................................................ S-25
Pre-Funding Account Feature......................................................... S-25
Capitalized Interest Account........................................................ S-26
Pass-Through Rates.................................................................. S-26
Distributions of Interest........................................................... S-27
Distribution of Principal........................................................... S-27
Optional Redemption................................................................. S-28
Mandatory Redemption................................................................ S-29
Calculation of LIBOR................................................................ S-29
Credit Enhancement.....................................................................S-30
Class [A] Certificate Distributions and Insured Payments to
the Owners of the Class [A] Certificates........................................... S-31
The Certificate Insurer................................................................ S-31
[The Certificate Insurance Policy...................................................... S-33
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement.................................................... S-34
Sale of Mortgage Loans.............................................................. S-35
Material Income Tax Consequences....................................................... S-35
REMIC Elections..................................................................... S-35
Special Tax Attributes.............................................................. S-36
Supplemental Interest Amounts....................................................... S-36
Taxation of Foreign Investors....................................................... S-37
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding........................................ S-37
State Taxes............................................................................ S-37
ERISA Considerations................................................................... S-38
Ratings................................................................................ S-39
Legal Investment Considerations........................................................ S-40
Underwriting........................................................................... S-40
Experts................................................................................ S-41
Legal Matters.......................................................................... S-41
Glossary............................................................................... S-42
</TABLE>
S-3
<PAGE> 5
SUMMARY
- This summary highlights selected information from this
prospectus supplement and does not contain all of the information that
you need to consider in making your investment decision. To understand
all of the terms of the offering of the class [A] certificates, read
carefully this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus.
- This summary provides an overview of calculations, cash
flows and other information to aid your understanding and is qualified
by the full description of these structural provisions calculations,
cash flows and other information in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus.
TITLE OF SERIES
Advanta Mortgage Loan Trust [1999-__], Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed
Certificates, Series [1999-__]
SPONSOR
Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc.
MASTER SERVICER
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA
ISSUER
Advanta Mortgage Loan Trust [1999-__].
TRUSTEE
[trustee] [address]
THE TRUST
The sponsor is forming the Advanta Mortgage Loan Trust [1999-__] to
hold two groups of subprime residential mortgage loans. The trust will also hold
cash on deposit in a pre-funding account to be used for the sole purpose of
purchasing additional mortgage loans on or before [_______, ____]. All of the
mortgage loans will be originated or purchased by affiliates of the sponsor.
[CERTIFICATE INSURER
The trustee will hold an insurance policy issued to it by [Insurer]
guaranteeing payment of minimum required monthly amounts due to the owners of
the class [A] certificates.]
CLASS [A] CERTIFICATES OFFERED
[$__________] (approximate) Advanta Mortgage Loan [1999-__], Mortgage
Loan Asset-Backed Certificates, Series [1999-__], class [A] to be issued in the
following classes with initial principal balances as set forth below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INITIAL
PRINCIPAL PASS-THROUGH
CLASS TRANCHE TYPE BALANCE RATE
- -----------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
[A-_] Senior Seq $________ [____%]
LIBOR +
[A-_] Senior Floater $________ [___%]
</TABLE>
A senior tranche is not subordinate to any other class.
Class A-__ and A-__ are subject to a cap on the pass-through rate.
Class A-__ and A-__ are subject to an increase in the pass-through rate
on the payment date immediately following the month in which the
clean-up-call may first be exercised.
The trust will also issue one or more classes of subordinate
certificates which are not being offered in this prospectus
S-4
<PAGE> 6
supplement. The subordinate certificates will initially be retained by the
sponsor or its affiliates. The subordinate certificates are subordinate to all
classes of class [A] certificates, and essentially represent the excess of the
aggregate mortgage loan balance over the aggregate principal balance of the
class [A] certificates, together with any excess cashflow which is not required
to be applied to payments on the class [A] certificates.
The class [A] certificates will initially be issued in book-entry form
through DTC, Cedel or Euroclear.
CLOSING DATE
On or about __________, ____.
FINAL SCHEDULED PAYMENT DATES
Although it is anticipated that the actual final payment date for each
class will occur earlier than the final scheduled payment date, the final
scheduled payment dates for each of the classes are as follows,
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Final Scheduled
Class Payment Date
------- ---------------
<S> <C>
[A-__] [_______, ____]
[A-__] [_______, ____]
</TABLE>
THE MORTGAGE LOANS
The mortgage loans owned by the trust will be segregated into two
groups, one group which consists of fixed rate mortgage loans and the other
group which consists of adjustable rate mortgage loans. The fixed rate group
will consist of first or junior lien subprime residential mortgage loans and the
adjustable rate or ARM group will consist of first or junior lien subprime
residential mortgage loans.
See "The Mortgage Loans" for statistical information about the mortgage
loans.
PRE-FUNDING FEATURE
The trust may purchase additional mortgage loans on or before [date]
for inclusion in either the fixed rate group or the ARM group. At the closing,
the trustee will hold in trust, from the proceeds of the sale of the class [A]
certificates, approximately [$___________], which may be applied to the purchase
of additional fixed rate mortgage loans for inclusion in the fixed rate group,
and approximately [$___________], which may be applied to the purchase of
additional adjustable rate mortgage loans for inclusion in the ARM group.
DISTRIBUTIONS
Owners of class [A] certificates will be entitled to receive payments
of interest each month. Owners of class [A] certificates may not necessarily
receive a distribution of principal in any given month. The amount of principal
the owners of class [A] certificates will be entitled to receive will vary
depending on a number of factors, including the payments received on the
mortgage loans in the mortgage loan group securing that class. Each month, the
trustee will calculate the amounts to be paid to the owners of the class [A]
certificates.
Distributions will be made on each payment date to the owners of the
class [A] certificates as of the record date. The record date for a payment date
is the last day of the prior calendar month for class [A-__]. The record date
for Class [A-__] is the business day immediately preceding the payment date.
Owners of class [A] certificates will receive payments on the 25th day
of each month, or, if the 25th day is not a business day, then on the next
succeeding business day. The first payment date is ________, ____.
S-5
<PAGE> 7
In summary, on each payment date the funds available to be distributed
will be applied in the following order of priority:
- first, to pay fees due to the master servicer, the trustee and
the certificate insurer;
- second, to pay interest on the class [A] certificates;
- third, to pay principal of the class [A] certificates;
- fourth, to reimburse the certificate insurer;
- fifth, to reimburse the master servicer for unreimbursed
advances and other expenses; and
- sixth, to make a distribution to the owners of the subordinate
certificates, a portion of which may or will be used to pay
any supplemental interest amounts.
The cashflows from the two mortgage loan groups are
cross-collateralized.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
Credit enhancement refers to a mechanism that is intended to protect
the owners of the class [A] certificates against losses due to defaults on the
mortgage loans.
The class [A] certificates have the benefit of the following four types
of credit enhancement:
- the use of excess interest to cover losses and to distribute
principal in order to create overcollateralization;
- the subordination of distributions on the subordinate
certificates to the required distributions on the class [A]
certificates;
- the allocation of losses on the mortgage loans to the
subordinate certificates; and
- the certificate insurance policy.
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
The master servicer or one of its affiliated subservicers will have the
right to exercise a clean-up call on any payment date that the outstanding
principal balance of the mortgage loans is less than or equal to 10% of the
outstanding principal balance of all of the mortgage loans acquired by the trust
prior to the end of the pre-funding period calculated as of the date the trust
acquired the mortgage loans. This clean-up call will result in the optional
redemption of the class A certificates at a price of par plus accrued interest.
MANDATORY REDEMPTION
The class [A] certificates will be redeemed in part in sequential order
on the payment date immediately following the end of the pre-funding period to
the extent of any cash remaining in the pre-funding account on the payment date
after the purchase by the trust of all subsequent mortgage loans.
DENOMINATIONS
The trust will issue the class [A] certificates in book-entry form in
integral multiples of $1,000.
RATINGS
The class [A] certificates will be rated ___ by _____ and _____ by
______.
[Rating] [Rating]
S-6
<PAGE> 8
A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold
securities, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by a rating
agency.
FEDERAL TAX ASPECTS
Dewey Ballantine LLP acted as counsel to the trust and is of the
opinion that the trust will be treated as a real estate mortgage investment
conduit, or REMIC, for federal income tax purposes and the class [A]
certificates will be regular interests in the REMIC and will be treated as debt
instruments of the REMIC for federal income tax purposes.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
The class [A] certificates are eligible for purchase by ERISA plans.
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The class [A] certificates will not be mortgage related securities
under the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984. Some potential
investors may be limited in their legal investment authority only to first-lien
mortgages or mortgage related securities and will not be able to invest in the
class [A] certificates.
S-7
<PAGE> 9
RISK FACTORS
We suggest that you consider the following risk factors and the
information under the "Risk Factors" in the accompanying prospectus prior to any
purchase of any of the class [A] certificates.
THE MORTGAGE LOANS MAY PREPAY AT ANY TIME, RESULTING IN UNCERTAINTY AS TO THE
AMORTIZATION RATE OF THE CLASS [A] CERTIFICATES
FIXED RATE MORTGAGE LOANS. The mortgage loans in the fixed rate group
are all fixed rate mortgage loans. The rate of prepayments on fixed rate
mortgage loans is sensitive to prevailing interest rates. If prevailing interest
rates fall significantly below the coupon rates on the mortgage loans, the
mortgage loans are likely to be subject to higher prepayment rates than if
prevailing interest rates remain at or above the coupon rates on the mortgage
loans. Conversely, if prevailing interest rates rise significantly above the
coupon rates on the mortgage loans, the rate of prepayments is likely to
decrease. The weighted average lives of the class [A] certificates and, if
purchased at other than par, the yields realized by owners of the class [A]
certificates will be sensitive to rates of payment of principal on the mortgage
loans. The yield on a class [A] certificate that is purchased at a premium from
its outstanding principal amount may be adversely affected by higher than
anticipated levels of prepayments on the mortgage loans. Conversely, the yield
on a class [A] certificate that is purchased at a discount from its outstanding
principal amount may be adversely affected by lower than anticipated levels of
prepayments of the mortgage loans.
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE LOANS. The mortgage loans in the ARM group are
all adjustable rate mortgage loans, including hybrid mortgage loans which have a
fixed rate of interest for the first two years, three years, four years or five
years, which then converts to an adjustable rate. The prepayment experience on
the adjustable rate mortgage loans, including the hybrid mortgage loans may
differ from the prepayment experience on fixed rate mortgage loans due to
provisions which provide for conversion to an adjustable coupon rate, periodic
reset caps and maximum rates. In particular, the hybrid loans may be subject to
higher prepayment rates as they approach their first coupon rate change dates.
THE EFFECT A CERTIFICATE INSURER DEFAULT WILL HAVE ON THE RATINGS OF CLASS [A]
CERTIFICATES
The ratings assigned to the class [A] certificates by the rating
agencies will be based on the credit characteristics of the mortgage loans and
on ratings assigned to the financial strength of the certificate insurer. Any
reduction in the ratings assigned to the certificate insurer by the rating
agencies could result in the reduction of the ratings assigned to the class [A]
certificates. This reduction in ratings could adversely affect the liquidity and
market value of the class [A] certificates.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT DOES NOT APPLY TO PREPAYMENT RISK OR INTEREST RATE RISK
The protection afforded by the overcollateralization provisions and by
the certificate insurance policy is protection for credit risk and not for
prepayment risk or interest rate risk. The certificate insurance policy does not
guarantee or insure that any particular rate of prepayment is experienced by the
trust.
S-8
<PAGE> 10
THE CLASS [__] CERTIFICATES HAVE A CAP ON THEIR PASS-THROUGH RATE, WHICH MAY
LIMIT THE AMOUNT OF INTEREST YOU WILL RECEIVE
The class [A-__] certificates have a pass-through rate based on
one-month LIBOR. This pass-through rate is the weighted average coupon rate on
the mortgage loans in the ARM group minus fees. Since the indexes and coupon
rate adjustment dates on the mortgage loans in the ARM group differ from the
pass-through rate on the class [A-__] certificates, the weighted-average
interest rate on the mortgage loans in the ARM group could be below the
pass-through rate, in which case the pass-through rate will be capped, reducing
the amount of interest you receive.
NON-OWNER OCCUPIED PROPERTIES MAY HAVE HIGHER RATES OF DEFAULT
As of [________, ____], non-owner occupied properties represent [____%]
of the mortgage loans in the fixed rate group and [____%] of the mortgage loans
in the ARM group. It is possible that the rate of delinquencies, foreclosures
and losses on mortgage loans secured by non-owner occupied properties could be
higher than for loans secured by the primary residence of the mortgagor because
the mortgagor will be inclined to make payment on their primary residence first.
YEAR 2000 ISSUE
Many existing computer programs use only two digits to identify a year
in the date field. These programs were designed and developed without
considering the impact of the upcoming change in the century. If not corrected,
many computer applications could fail or create erroneous results on or after
January 1, 2000. In connection with this issue Advanta Corp., the parent company
of the affiliated originators and of the master servicer, has completed an
evaluation of its systems, applications and vendor lists, and is implementing
project plans to modify existing computer programs, convert to new programs or
replace systems, to the extent necessary to address the upcoming change in the
century. Advanta Corp. has identified its significant business relationships,
including, without limitation, vendors, customers, asset management
counterparties and funding counterparties. Advanta Corp. has initiated
communications with these third parties to determine the extent to which Advanta
Corp. is vulnerable to these third parties' failure to remediate their own year
2000 Issues. In the event that Advanta Corp.'s project plans are not timely or
successfully completed, there can be no assurance that the upcoming change in
the century will not have a material adverse effect on the operations of the
affiliated originators or of the master servicer, including a shut-down of
operations for a period of time, which may, in turn, have a material adverse
effect on the class [A] certificates. In addition, there can be no assurance
that the systems used by outside service providers, including sub-servicers
providing services to the master servicer, or other third parties upon which the
affiliated originators' and the master servicer's systems rely, will be
converted on a timely basis. Further, there can be no assurance that a failure
to convert by another company, or a conversion that is incompatible with the
affiliated originators' and the master servicer's systems, would not have a
material adverse effect on their operations, which may, in turn, have a material
adverse effect on the class [A] certificates. In the event that the systems or
programs of the trustee, or the certificate issuer are not year 2000 compliant,
there can be no assurance that there would not be a material adverse effect on
the operations of the trustee or the certificate insurer, respectively, which
may, in turn, have a material adverse effect on the class [A] certificates.
S-9
<PAGE> 11
DTC AND THE YEAR 2000 ISSUE
The management of DTC is aware that some computer applications, systems
and the like for processing data that are dependent upon calendar dates,
including dates before, on and after January 1, 2000, may encounter year 2000
issues. DTC has informed its participants and members of the financial community
that it has developed and is implementing a program so that its systems, as the
same relate to the timely payment to securityholders, book-entry deliveries, and
settlement of trades within DTC continue to function appropriately on and after
January 1, 2000. This program includes a technical assessment and a remediation
plan, each of which is complete. Additionally, DTC's plan includes a testing
phase, which is expected to be completed within appropriate time frames.
However, DTC's ability to perform properly its services is also
dependent upon other parties, including, but not limited to, issuers, their
agents and its participating organizations, through which the owners of the
class [A] certificates will hold their certificates, as well as third party
vendors on whom DTC relies for information or the provision of services,
including telecommunication and electrical utility service providers among
others. DTC has informed the financial community that it is contacting, and will
continue to contact, third party vendors from whom DTC acquires services to: (a)
impress upon them the importance of these services being Year 2000 compliant and
(b) determine the extent of their efforts for Year 2000 remediation of their
services. In addition, DTC has stated that it is in the process of developing
the contingency plans that it deems appropriate.
If problems associated with the year 2000 issue were to occur with
respect to DTC and the services described above, distributions to the owners of
class [A] certificates could be delayed or otherwise adversely affected.
According to DTC, the foregoing information with respect to DTC has
been provided to the financial community for information purposes only and is
not intended to serve as a representation, warranty or contract modification of
any kind.
DELINQUENCY AND LOSS INFORMATION
DELINQUENCIES
Owned and Managed Servicing Portfolio. The following tables contain
information relating to the delinquency, loan loss and foreclosure experience of
the master servicer for its servicing portfolio. These tables will exclude loans
serviced by the master servicer that were not originated or purchased and
reunderwritten by the sponsor or its affiliated originators. The servicing
portfolio consists of fixed and adjustable rate mortgage loans serviced as of
[_________, ____], and for each of the three prior year ends. This portfolio
includes, but is not limited to, the mortgage loans originated or purchased on
or prior to [____________, ____]. In addition to this portfolio as of ___, 1999,
the master servicer serviced, approximately [_______] mortgage loans with an
aggregate principal balance of approximately [$________]; these loans were not
originated or purchased by the sponsor or its affiliated originators but are
being serviced for third parties on a contract servicing basis. No loans being
serviced for third parties are included in the tables below.
Neither the sponsor nor the master servicer have reason to believe that
the delinquency and loss experience of the mortgage loans will differ in any
material respect from that of the
S-10
<PAGE> 12
master servicer's portfolio of owned and managed mortgage loans, although there
can be no assurance that this will be the case.
DELINQUENCY AND FORECLOSURE EXPERIENCE OF THE
MASTER SERVICER'S OWNED AND MANAGED SERVICING PORTFOLIO
OF MORTGAGE LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDING YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31
------------ -----------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------ ---- ---- ----
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Portfolio
Delinquency
30-59 days
60-89 days
90 days or more
Total
Foreclosure rate
REO properties
</TABLE>
The period of delinquency is based on the number of days payments are
contractually past due. The delinquency statistics for the period exclude loans
in foreclosure. The foreclosure rate reflects the number of mortgage loans in
foreclosure as a percentage of the total number of mortgage loans or the dollar
amount of mortgage loans in foreclosure or the total dollar amount of mortgage
loans, as the case may be, as of the date indicated. REO properties are real
estate owned properties which relate to foreclosed mortgages or properties for
which deeds in lieu of foreclosure have been accepted, and held by the master
servicer pending disposition. The percentages for REO properties are calculated
based on the number of loans, not the dollar amount.
[textual discussion of trends]
LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE
OF THE MASTER SERVICER'S OWNED AND MANAGED SERVICING
PORTFOLIO OF MORTGAGE LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDING YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31
------------ ------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------ ---- ---- ----
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Average amount outstanding
Net losses
Net losses as a percentage of
average amount outstanding
</TABLE>
The average amount outstanding during the period is the arithmetic
average of the principal balances of the mortgage loans outstanding on the last
business day of each month during the period. Net Losses are amounts relating to
mortgage loans which have been determined by the master servicer to be
uncollectible less amounts received by the master servicer as recoveries from
liquidation proceeds and deficiency judgements.
[textual discussion of trends]
S-11
<PAGE> 13
THE MORTGAGE LOANS
The mortgage loans will be used predominantly to refinance an existing
mortgage loan on more favorable terms, to consolidate debt, or to obtain cash
proceeds by borrowing against the borrower's equity in the mortgaged property.
The statistical information presented in this prospectus supplement
describes the mortgage loans as of the opening of business on [date], the
statistical calculation date. All percentages are calculated based on the
aggregate outstanding principal balance of all mortgage loans, or the mortgage
loans in one of the groups, as of the statistical calculation date.
As of the statistical calculation date, the mortgage loans consisted of
loans secured by mortgages on the mortgaged properties which are located in
[___]states [and the District of Columbia].
As of the opening of business on [date]: the mortgage loans have
remaining terms to maturity of not greater than 30 years, no more than [___%] of
the mortgage loans will be 30-59 days delinquent no mortgage loans will be 60 or
more days delinquent, [____%] of the mortgage loans are simple interest or date
of payment loans, [__%] are actuarial or pre-computed loans, [____%] of the
mortgage loans are secured by first lien mortgages, and [____%] of the mortgage
loans are secured by junior liens.
Each mortgage loan in the trust will be assigned to either the fixed
rate group or the ARM group. Each of the mortgage loans in the fixed rate group
have a fixed coupon rate secured by either a first or junior lien on the
mortgaged property. Each mortgage loan contained in the ARM group have an
adjustable coupon rate secured by a first or junior lien on the mortgaged
property. The class [A-__] certificates represent undivided ownership interests
in all mortgage loans contained or to be contained in the fixed rate group, and
the class [A-__] certificates represent undivided ownership interests in all
mortgage loans contained or to be contained in the ARM group.
The combined loan-to-value ratios and loan-to-value ratios described
were calculated based upon the appraised values of the mortgaged properties at
the time of origination. Although, for purchase money loans, the combined
loan-to-value ratios and loan-to-value ratios may have been calculated using the
lower of the purchase price or appraised values of the mortgaged properties at
the time of origination. The appraised values may have declined since the date
or origination.
Owner-occupied properties include vacation and second homes.
Difference between Statistical Calculation Date and the Closing Date.
The statistical information presented in this prospectus supplement is
computed based on the mortgage loans as of the opening of business on [date],
the statistical calculation date. As of the statistical calculation date, the
mortgage loans aggregated [$_____________] with respect to the fixed rate group
and [$__________] with respect to the ARM group. The sponsor expects that the
actual aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans to be sold to the trust
on the closing date, as of [date], plus the aggregate principal balance of the
mortgage loans to be conveyed to the trust during the pre-funding period will
represent approximately [$__________]
S-12
<PAGE> 14
in mortgage loans in the fixed rate group and approximately [$____________] in
mortgage loans in the ARM group.
Prior to the closing date, some amortization of the mortgage loans will
occur and some mortgage loans may prepay in full or may be determined not to
meet the eligibility requirements for the final pools and as a result may not be
included in the final pools. Consequently, the statistical distribution of
characteristics as of the closing date or as of the end of the pre-funding
period for the fixed rate group and the ARM group will vary somewhat from the
statistical distribution of these characteristics computed as of the statistical
calculation date as presented in this prospectus supplement, although this
variance will not be greater than five percent.
THE FIXED RATE GROUP
The following tables describe the fixed rate group of mortgage loans
and the mortgaged properties as of the opening of business on the statistical
calculation date.
The junior lien ratio of a mortgage loan which is in a junior lien
position is equal to the ratio of the original principal balance of the mortgage
loan to the sum of (1) the original principal balance of the mortgage loan and
(2) the outstanding principal balance of any lien on the mortgaged property
having priorities senior to that of the senior lien which secures the mortgage
loan at the time of origination of the mortgage loan.
The mortgaged properties are located in ______ states [and the District of
Columbia].
FIXED RATE GROUP
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
STATE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [________] [$________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF CLTVs
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
RANGE OF CLTV RATIOS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
-------------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_______] [$________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum CLTV: ____%
Maximum CLTV: ____%
Weighted Average CLTV: ____%
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF LTVs
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
LTV RATIOS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL...................... [_______] [$__________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
S-13
<PAGE> 15
Minimum LTV: ____%
Maximum LTV: ____%
Weighted Average LTV: ____%
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF JUNIOR LIEN RATIOS
(JUNIOR LIENS ONLY)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
JUNIOR LIEN RATIOS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------------ -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL...................... [______] [$__________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP
REMAINING TERM TO MATURITY DISTRIBUTION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
MONTHS REMAINING MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL...................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Maximum Remaining Term:
Minimum Remaining Term:
Weighted Average Remaining Term:
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF PRINCIPAL BALANCES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
PRINCIPAL BALANCES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------------ -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Maximum Principal Balance:
Minimum Principal Balance:
Weighted Average Principal Balance:
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF COUPON RATES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
COUPON RATES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------ -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY TYPES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
PROPERTY TYPE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
SF Detached/De minimus PUD........
SF Rowhouse/Townhouse/Condo.......
Two to Four Family Home...........
Prefabricated Single Family.......
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
</TABLE>
S-14
<PAGE> 16
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
PROPERTY TYPE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
Other.............................
TOTAL......................... [_______] [$_____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF OCCUPANCY STATUS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
OCCUPANCY STATUS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
Owner occupied..................
Non-owner occupied..............
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$__________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF SEASONING
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MONTHS ELAPSED NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
SINCE ORIGINATION MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$__________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Seasoning:
Maximum Seasoning:
Weighted Average Seasoning:
CONVEYANCE OF SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS TO THE FIXED RATE GROUP
During the pre-funding period, the trust may acquire approximately
[$__________] aggregate principal balance of mortgage loans for assignment to
the fixed rate group. Accordingly, the characteristics of the fixed rate group
will vary following the acquisition by the trust of these additional mortgage
loans.
Each individual fixed rate subsequent mortgage loan must have:
- a fixed rate of interest of at least ___%;
- a combined loan to value ratio not higher than ___%;
- a maturity date not later than __________, and
- a principal balance not greater than $_________.
S-15
<PAGE> 17
THE ARM GROUP
[_______%] of the mortgage loans in the ARM group as of the
statistical calculation date bear interest at a six-month LIBOR rate, plus a
margin. [______%] are indexed on the average of the six-month LIBOR rates based
on quotations at five major banks as set forth in the Money Rates section of The
Wall Street Journal, Western Edition, on the first business day of the month;
[_____%] are indexed on the average of the six-month LIBOR rates based on
quotations of major banks, as published by Freddie Mac, on the first business
day of the month; [_____%] are indexed on the average of the six-month LIBOR
rates based on quotations at five major banks as set forth in the Money Rates
section of The Wall Street Journal, Western Edition, on the most recent daily
quote available; [_____%] are indexed on other six-month LIBOR rates; [_____%]
are indexed on the one year Constant Maturity Treasury Index published in the
Wall Street Journal as a Key Interest Rate each week and [_____%] are indexed on
the weekly average of one year constant maturity treasury.
With respect to the hybrid loans in the ARM group, [_____%] of these
hybrid loans bear interest at a fixed rate of interest for a two-year period
following origination, [_____%] bear interest at a fixed rate of interest for a
three-year period following origination, and [_____%] bear interest at a fixed
rate of interest for a five year period following origination; after these
initial periods, these mortgage loans bear interest at adjustable rates, as
described above.
The mortgaged properties are located in ____ states [and the District
of Columbia].
The following tables describe the ARM group mortgage loans and the
mortgaged properties as of the opening of business on the statistical
calculation date.
ARM GROUP
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
STATE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$______________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF CLTVs
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
CLTV RATIOS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$_____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum CLTV:
Maximum CLTV:
Weighted Average CLTV:
S-16
<PAGE> 18
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF LTVS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
LTV RATIOS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$_____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum LTV:
Maximum LTV:
Weighted Average LTV:
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF CURRENT COUPON RATES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF CURRENT NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
COUPON RATES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Coupon Rate:
Maximum Coupon Rate:
Weighted Average Coupon Rate:
ARM GROUP
REMAINING TERM TO MATURITY DISTRIBUTION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
REMAINING TERM NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
TO MATURITY MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
-------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$_____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Remaining Term:
Maximum Remaining Term:
Weighted Average Remaining Term:
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF PRINCIPAL BALANCES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
PRINCIPAL BALANCES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------------ -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Principal Balance:
Maximum Principal Balance:
Weighted Average Principal Balance:
S-17
<PAGE> 19
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY TYPES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
PROPERTY TYPE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
SF Detached/Deminimus PUD.........
SF Rowhouse/Townhouse/Condo.......
Two to Four Family Home...........
Prefabricated Single Family.......
Other.............................
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF OCCUPANCY STATUS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
OCCUPANCY STATUS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Owner Occupied..................
Non-Owner Occupied..............
TOTAL.......................
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
[_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF SEASONING
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MONTHS ELAPSED NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
SINCE ORIGINATION MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Seasoning:
Maximum Seasoning:
Weighted Average Seasoning:
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF MAXIMUM COUPON RATES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF MAXIMUM NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
COUPON RATES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Coupon Rates:
Maximum Coupon Rates:
Weighted Average Coupon Rates:
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF MINIMUM COUPON RATES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF MINIMUM NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
COUPON RATES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$______________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
S-18
<PAGE> 20
ARM GROUP
DISTRIBUTION OF MARGINS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
MARGINS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
-------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------- ----------------- -----------------
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$______________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Minimum Margin:
Maximum Margin:
Weighted Average Margin:
ARM GROUP
NEXT INTEREST ADJUSTMENT DATE DISTRIBUTION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NEXT INTEREST NUMBER OF AGGREGATE % OF AGGREGATE
ADJUSTMENT DATE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
--------------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
TOTAL....................... [_____] [$____________] 100.00%
============== ================= =================
</TABLE>
Weighted Average Next Interest Adjustment Date:
CONVEYANCE OF SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS TO THE ARM GROUP
During the pre-funding period, the trust may acquire approximately
[$___________] aggregate principal balance of mortgage loans for assignment to
the ARM group. Accordingly, the characteristics of the ARM group will vary
following the acquisition by the trust of these additional mortgage loans.
Each individual adjustable rate subsequent mortgage loan must have:
- a margin of at least ___%;
- a combined loan to value ratio not higher than ___%;
- a maturity date not later than __________, and
- a principal balance not greater than $_________.
PREPAYMENT AND YIELD CONSIDERATIONS
PROJECTED PREPAYMENTS AND YIELDS FOR [CLASS A] CERTIFICATES
If purchased at other than par, the yield to maturity on the class [A]
certificates will be affected by the rate of the payment of principal of the
mortgage loans in the group securing that class. If the actual rate of payments
on the mortgage loans in the group is slower than the rate anticipated by an
investor who purchases a class [A] certificate back by the affected group at a
discount, the actual yield to the investor will be lower than that investor's
anticipated yield. If the
S-19
<PAGE> 21
actual rate of payments on the mortgage loans in the group is faster than the
rate anticipated by an investor who purchases a class [A] certificate back by
the affected group at a premium, the actual yield to that investor will be lower
than the investor's anticipated yield.
The rate of prepayments with respect to conventional fixed rate
mortgage loans has fluctuated significantly in recent years. If prevailing
interest rates fall significantly below the coupon rates on fixed rate mortgage
loans, the mortgage loans are likely to be subject to higher prepayment rates
than if prevailing rates remain at or above the coupon rate on the mortgage
loans. Conversely, if prevailing interest rates rise appreciably above the
coupon rates on fixed rate mortgage loans, the mortgage loans are likely to
experience a lower prepayment rate than if prevailing rates remain at or below
the interest rates on these mortgage loans.
If prevailing interest rates fall significantly, adjustable rate
mortgage loans could be subject to higher prepayment rates than if prevailing
interest rates remain constant because the availability of fixed rate mortgage
loans at competitive coupon rates may encourage mortgagors to refinance their
adjustable rate mortgage loans to lock in a lower fixed interest rate.
Mortgage loans which have prepayment penalties may be less likely to
prepay, at least for those periods when the penalties are in effect. [________%]
of the mortgage loans in the fixed rate group and [___%] of the mortgage loans
in the ARM group have prepayment penalties.
The final scheduled payment dates for the class [A-__] certificate have
been calculated assuming that each mortgage loan in the fixed rate group
amortizes according to its terms and the final scheduled payment dates for the
class [A-__] certificate was assumed to be [____________, ____].
"Weighted average life" is the average amount of time that will elapse
from the date of issuance of a security until each dollar of principal of the
security is repaid to the investor. The weighted average life of each class of
certificate will be influenced by the rate at which principal payments on the
mortgage loans in the group securing the class are paid, which may be in the
form of scheduled amortization, accelerated amortization or prepayments,
liquidation due to default, or as a result of an early termination of the trust.
The model used in this prospectus supplement for the class [A] fixed
rate group certificates uses a prepayment assumption which represents an assumed
rate of prepayment each month relative to the then outstanding principal balance
of the fixed rate group for the life of the fixed-rate mortgage loans. The 100%
prepayment assumption assumes a conditional prepayment rate of 3% per annum of
the then outstanding principal balance of the fixed-rate mortgage loans in the
first month of their life and an additional 17/11% per annum until the twelfth
month. Beginning in the twelfth month and in each month thereafter during their
life, the 100% prepayment assumption assumes a conditional prepayment rate of
20% per annum. As used in the table below, 0% prepayment assumption assumes
prepayment rates equal to 0% of the prepayment assumption, i.e., no prepayments
on the synthetic mortgage loans having the characteristics described below.
Correspondingly, 100% prepayment assumption assumes prepayment rates equal to
100% of the prepayment assumption, and so forth.
The model used in this prospectus supplement for the class [A-__]
certificates represents an assumed conditional prepayment rate per annum of the
then outstanding principal balance of the ARM group for the life of the mortgage
loans. Neither the prepayment assumption nor the
S-20
<PAGE> 22
CPR assumption purport to be a historical description of prepayment experience
or a prediction of the anticipated rate of prepayment of any mortgage loans,
including the mortgage loans held by the trust. The sponsor believes that no
existing statistics of which it is aware provide a reliable basis for owners of
class [A] certificates to predict the amount or the timing of receipt of
prepayments on the mortgage loans.
The tables below were prepared on the basis of the assumptions in the
following paragraph and there are discrepancies between the characteristics of
the actual mortgage loans and the characteristics of the mortgage loans assumed
in preparing the tables. Any discrepancy may have an effect upon the percentages
of the initial principal balances outstanding and the weighted average lives of
the class [A] certificates in the tables. In addition, since the actual mortgage
loans in each group have characteristics which differ from those assumed in
preparing the tables set forth below, the distributions of principal on the
class [A] certificates may be made earlier or later than as indicated in the
tables.
For the purpose of the tables below, we have assumed that:
- the mortgage loans have the characteristics set forth below,
- the closing date is [___________, ____],
- distributions on the class [A] certificates are made on the
25th day of each month regardless of the day on which the
payment actually occurs, commencing on [____________, ____],
- all prepayments are prepayments in full and include 30 days'
interest,
- no early termination of the trust occurs, unless otherwise
specified,
- no mortgage loan is ever delinquent,
- the assumed levels of one-month LIBOR, six-month LIBOR, and 1
year CMT are [________%], [____%] and [_____%], respectively,
- the class [A] certificates have the respective pass-through
rates and original principal balances described in this
prospectus supplement, and
- all of the subsequent mortgage loans are delivered to the
trust approximately one month after the closing date.
The weighted average life of each indicated class shown in the tables
below has been determined by:
- multiplying the amount of each principal payment by the number
of years from the date of issuance to the payment date,
- adding the results and
- dividing the sum of the initial respective principal balance
for that class as of the closing date.
S-21
<PAGE> 23
PREPAYMENT SCENARIOS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario
I II III IV V VI VII
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed Rate Group as a
percentage of the prepayment
assumption...................
ARM Group as a conditional
prepayment rate (CPR)
percentage...................
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP
REPRESENTATIVE MORTGAGE LOANS
FIXED RATE GROUP INITIAL MORTGAGE LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ORIGINAL AMORTIZATION REMAINING
PRINCIPAL GROSS TERM TO MATURITY TERM TO MATURITY AMORTIZATION
BALANCE COUPON RATE (MONTHS) (MONTHS) METHOD
--------- ----------- --------------------- ---------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
FIXED RATE GROUP SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ORIGINAL AMORTIZATION REMAINING
PRINCIPAL GROSS TERM TO MATURITY TERM TO MATURITY AMORTIZATION
BALANCE COUPON RATE (MONTHS) (MONTHS) METHOD
--------- ----------- --------------------- ---------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
ARM GROUP
REPRESENTATIVE MORTGAGE LOANS
ARM GROUP INITIAL MORTGAGE LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ORIGINAL REMAINING PERIODIC
GROSS TERM TO TERM TO MONTHS TO PERIODIC CAP
COUPON MATURITY MATURITY COUPON CAP (FIRST (SUBSEQUENT LIFE
PRINCIPAL BALANCE RATE (MONTHS) (MONTHS) ADJUSTMENT INDEX MARGIN RESET DATE) RESET DATES) LIFE CAP FLOOR
- ----------------- ------ -------- --------- ---------- ----- ------ ----------- ------------ -------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
ARM GROUP SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ORIGINAL REMAINING PERIODIC
GROSS TERM TO TERM TO MONTHS TO PERIODIC CAP
COUPON MATURITY MATURITY COUPON CAP (FIRST (SUBSEQUENT LIFE
PRINCIPAL BALANCE RATE (MONTHS) (MONTHS) ADJUSTMENT INDEX MARGIN RESET DATE) RESET DATES) LIFE CAP FLOOR
- ----------------- ------ -------- --------- ---------- ----- ------ ----------- ------------ -------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
The following tables set forth the percentages of the initial principal
amount of the class [A] certificates that would be outstanding after each of the
dates shown, based on prepayment scenarios described in the table entitled
Prepayment Scenarios. The percentages have been rounded to the nearest 1%.
S-22
<PAGE> 24
PERCENTAGE OF INITIAL CLASS [A-__] CERTIFICATE PRINCIPAL BALANCE OUTSTANDING
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DATES SCENARIO 1 SCENARIO 2 SCENARIO 3 SCENARIO 4 SCENARIO 5 SCENARIO 6 SCENARIO 7
----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted
average
life to
maturity
(years):
Weighted
average
life
to 10%
call (years):
</TABLE>
PERCENTAGE OF INITIAL CLASS [A-__] CERTIFICATE PRINCIPAL BALANCE OUTSTANDING
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DATES SCENARIO 1 SCENARIO 2 SCENARIO 3 SCENARIO 4 SCENARIO 5 SCENARIO 6 SCENARIO 7
----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted
average
life to
maturity
(years):
Weighted
average
life to
10% call
(years):
</TABLE>
PAYMENT LAG FEATURE OF THE CLASS [A] FIXED RATE GROUP CERTIFICATES
Interest on the class [A-__] certificates accrues during the calendar
month immediately preceding the month in which the payment date occurs. Because
the date that investors actually receive their cash can be up to 25 days after
the calendar month during which interest accrues, the effective yield to the
owners of the class [A-__] certificates will be below that otherwise produced by
the class [A-__] pass-through rate.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The sponsor will cause the trust to acquire the mortgage loans, other
than the subsequent mortgage loans to be acquired by the trust after closing,
concurrently with the sale of the class [A] certificates. The pre-funding
account and the capitalized interest account will be funded from a portion of
the proceeds of the sale of the class [A]. Certificate net proceeds will be used
by the sponsor to finance the purchase of mortgage loans, to repay short-term
financing utilized to fund the purchase of mortgage loans, or for general
corporate purposes. One or more of the underwriters, or their respective
affiliates, may have acted as a warehouse lender to the sponsor or one or more
of its affiliates and may receive a portion of the proceeds as a repayment of
the warehouse debt.
S-23
<PAGE> 25
THE SPONSOR AND THE MASTER SERVICER
The sponsor, Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc., is a subsidiary of
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA, the master servicer, and is an indirect subsidiary
of Advanta Corp., a Delaware corporation. Advanta Corp. is a publicly-traded
company with its principal executive offices located in Spring House,
Pennsylvania which as of [ , ] has assets in excess of [$__________] and
consolidated managed assets in excess of [______]. See "The Sponsor" in the
prospectus.
As of ______________, the master servicer and its subsidiaries were
servicing approximately ______ mortgage loans in the combined closed-end and
revolving home equity line of credit owned and managed servicing portfolios,
representing an aggregate outstanding principal balance of approximately
$______, and approximately _______ mortgage loans are being serviced for third
parties on a contract servicing basis representing an aggregate outstanding
principal balance of approximately $______. See "The Master Servicer" in the
Prospectus.
As of ______________, the sponsor or its affiliates have issued
__series of closed-end mortgage asset-backed securities with an original balance
of approximately $__billion, some of which are no longer outstanding, and __
series of open-end mortgage asset-backed securities with an original balance of
approximately $_____ million, all of which are outstanding.
The master servicer understands the implications of the year 2000 issue
with respect to internal operations as well as external interactions with other
third-party business entities. The master servicer is currently evaluating the
impact of the year 2000 issue, and is implementing project plans to modify
existing computer programs or conversions to new programs, to the extent
necessary, to address the year 2000 issue. The master servicer's review includes
all systems, applications and vendor lists. See "Risk Factors--Year 2000 Issue"
in this prospectus supplement.
The master servicer may resign or be removed, in accordance with the
terms of the pooling and servicing agreement. No removal or resignation shall
become effective until the trustee or a successor servicer shall have assumed
the master servicer's responsibilities and obligations in accordance with the
pooling and servicing agreement. The master servicer may not assign its
obligations under the pooling and servicing agreement, in whole or in part,
unless it shall have first obtained the written consent of the trustee [and the
certificate insurer,] which consent will not be unreasonably withheld. Any
assignee must meet the eligibility requirements for a successor servicer set
forth in the pooling and servicing agreement. See "The Agreements--Removal and
Resignation of the Master Servicer" in the prospectus.
Upon removal or resignation of the master servicer, the trustee may
solicit bids for a successor master servicer and, pending the appointment of a
successor master servicer as a result of soliciting these bids, will be required
to serve as master servicer. If the trustee is unable to obtain a qualifying bid
and is prevented by law from acting as master servicer, the trustee will be
required to appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint,
an eligible successor to the Master Servicer. Any successor is required to be a
housing and home finance institution, bank or mortgage servicing institution
which is acceptable to the trustee and the certificate insurer [, or if a
certificate insurer default has occurred and is continuing, 51% of the owners of
the class [A] certificates,] and shall assume all or any part of the
responsibilities, duties or liabilities of the master servicer.
S-24
<PAGE> 26
The master servicer may enter into sub-servicers agreements with
qualified sub-servicers with respect to the servicing of all or any portion of
the mortgage loans. Affiliates of the master servicer which are qualified to
service mortgage loans are qualified sub-servicers. No sub-servicing agreements
discharge the master servicer from its servicing obligations which will include
the obligation to make advances. See "Mortgage Loan Program and Underwriting
Guidelines--The Master Servicer May Act Through Sub-Servicers" in the
prospectus.
The master servicer has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase
from the trust any mortgage loan which is in default or for which a default is
reasonably foreseeable.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
The class [A] certificates will be issued by the trust under a pooling
and servicing agreement among the sponsor, the master servicer and the trustee.
The trust will also issue one or more classes of subordinate certificates which
are not being offered by this prospectus supplement. The subordinate
certificates will be retained initially by the sponsor or its affiliates.
Distributions on the class [A] certificates are required to be made on
each payment date. Payment dates are the twenty-fifth day of each calendar
month, or if the 25th day is not a business day, the next succeeding business
day commencing on [_________, ____] to the owners of record. The owners of
record are the owners of the class [A] certificates as of the last day of the
prior calendar month, in the case of the class [A-__] certificates, or as of the
business day immediately preceding the payment date in the case of the class
[A-__] certificates. Distributions will be made in amounts equal to the product
of (a) the owner's percentage interest and (b) the amount distributed with
respect to that owner's class of class [A] certificates on that payment date.
Persons in whose name a class [A] certificate is registered in the
register maintained by the trustee are the owners of the class [A] certificates.
For so long as the class [A] certificates are in book-entry form with DTC, the
only owner under the pooling and servicing agreement of the class [A]
certificates will be Cede. No person acquiring a beneficial interest in a class
[A] certificate will be entitled to receive a definitive certificate
representing that person's interest in the trust, except in the event that
physical certificates are issued because DTC becomes unable or unwilling to
serve as depository and no suitable replacement can be found. All references to
the owners of class [A] certificates mean and include the rights of the
beneficial owners. See "Description of the Securities--Form of Securities" in
the prospectus.
Each class [A] certificate will evidence the right to receive on each
payment date the class [A] distribution amount for the class, in each case until
the principal balance of the class has been reduced to zero. The owners of the
subordinate certificates will be entitled to receive distributions of residual
cashflow not required to be applied to other purposes.
PRE-FUNDING ACCOUNT FEATURE
On the closing date, up to approximately [$___________] will be
deposited in the pre-funding account from the proceeds of the sale of the class
[A-__] certificates. Similarly, on the closing date, up to approximately
[$____________] will be deposited into the pre-funding account from the proceeds
of the sale of the class [A-__] certificates. During the pre-funding period, the
sponsor may deliver subsequent mortgage loans to the trustee for assignment to
either
S-25
<PAGE> 27
the fixed rate group or the ARM group in exchange for a corresponding release of
money from the pre-funding account. [Each of the subsequent mortgage loans must
be reasonably acceptable to the certificate insurer.] The sponsor expects that
the amounts originally deposited will be reduced to less than $100,000 by the
end of the pre-funding period. Any amount remaining in the pre-funding account
not used to purchase additional fixed rate mortgage loans will be used to redeem
the class [A-__] certificates, and any amount remaining in the pre-funding
account not used to purchase additional adjustable rate mortgage loans will be
used to redeem the class [A-__] certificates. The redemption will occur on the
payment date which immediately follows the end of the pre-funding period.
CAPITALIZED INTEREST ACCOUNT
On the closing date, the trustee will deposit a portion of the sale
proceeds of the class [A] certificates in a capitalized interest account to be
used, as necessary, by the trustee during the pre-funding period to make up for
any shortfalls that may arise in the event that interest collected on the
mortgage loans is insufficient to pay all of the interest due on the class [A]
certificates and expenses during this period. Any amounts remaining in the
capitalized interest account which were not used for these purposes will be paid
directly to the owners of the subordinate certificates at the end of the
pre-funding period.
PASS-THROUGH RATES
The pass-through rates applicable to the class [A] certificates for any
payment date are as follows:
CLASS [A-__]: [____%] per annum.
CLASS [A-__]: With respect to any payment date which occurs on or prior
to the Clean-up Call Date, LIBOR plus [____%] per annum and thereafter, LIBOR
plus [_____%] per annum. The pass-through rate for the class [A-__] certificates
is subject to reduction by the application of the available funds cap rate.
The available fund cap rate, as of any payment date, is a per annum
rate calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days
elapsed, equal to (a)(i) all interest accrued on the mortgage loans in [ARM]
group for the prior month minus (ii) the servicing fee, the trustee's fee and
the premiums due to the certificate insurer, in each case for the ARM group and
minus (iii) [commencing on the seventh payment date,] an amount equal to [__%]
per annum times the aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans in ARM
group as of the beginning of the prior month, divided by (b) the aggregate
principal balance of the mortgage loans in ARM group as of the beginning of the
prior month.
If, on any payment date, there is a Supplemental Interest Amount due,
the owner of one of the subordinate certificates have agreed to pay this amount
from the sources of funds specified in the pooling and servicing agreement,
including amounts which would otherwise be distributed to them on that payment
date. If the full amount of any Supplemental Interest Amount is not paid on any
payment date, then the unpaid amount will accrue interest at the class A-2
pass-through rate, without application of the available funds cap rate, until
paid. If the clean-up call is exercised, any Supplemental Interest Amounts then
owing with respect to the class [A-__] certificates might not be paid in full.
S-26
<PAGE> 28
The certificate insurer does not guarantee the payment of, nor do the
ratings assigned to the class [A-__] certificates address the likelihood of the
payment of any Supplemental Interest Amount.
DISTRIBUTIONS OF INTEREST
For each payment date, the interest due on the class [A-__]
certificates will be the interest which has accrued at the pass-through rate for
the class [A-__] certificates during the immediately preceding calendar month.
The interest due with respect to the class [A-__] certificates will be the
interest which has accrued at the pass-through rate for the class [A-__]
certificates from the preceding payment date to and including the date prior to
the payment date. The interest due on the first payment date will accrue or from
the closing date, to and including the day prior to the first payment date.
All calculations of interest on the class fixed rate certificates will
be made on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of 12 months of 30 days each;
all calculations of interest on the class floating rate certificates will be
made on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in the accrual period,
divided by 360.
DISTRIBUTION OF PRINCIPAL
The owners of the class [A] certificates will be entitled to receive
monthly distributions of principal on each payment date which reflect
collections of principal during the prior month on the mortgage loans in the
group securing that class.
The overcollateralization provisions of the trust result in a limited
acceleration of principal payments to the owners of the class [A] certificates.
These overcollateralization provisions are more fully described under "Credit
Enhancement--Overcollateralization and Cross-collateralization Provisions."
On each payment date, the owners of each class of class A certificates
will receive the Principal Distribution Amount for that class.
FLOW OF FUNDS
On each payment date, the Group Available Funds for each group will be
applied in the following order of priority:
- to the payment of the Class A Interest Distribution Amount for
that group;
- to the payment of the unpaid Class A Interest Distribution
Amount relating to the other group;
- to the payment of the Base Principal Distribution Amount for
that group;
- to the payment of the Overcollateralization Deficit, if any
for that group;
- to the payment of any Overcollateralization Deficit remaining
with respect to the other group, to the extent the Group
Available Funds for the other group are insufficient to pay
that amount in full;
S-27
<PAGE> 29
- to the payment of the Overcollateralization Increase Amount
for that group;
- to the payment of the Overcollateralization Increase Amount
with respect to the other group, to the extent the Group
Available Funds for the other group are insufficient to pay
that amount in full, and
- to the owner of the subordinate certificates, or otherwise as
provided in the pooling and servicing agreement.
The amount of each distribution guaranteed by the certificate insurer
under the policy is, for each group and any payment date, the sum of the Class A
Interest Distribution Amount and any Overcollateralization Deficit, in each case
for the group.
The certificate insurance policy does not require that the certificate
insurer fund realized losses until the time that the aggregate, cumulative
realized losses have created an Overcollateralization Deficit for a group. The
certificate insurance policy does not cover the master servicer's failure to
make delinquency advances until the time that the aggregate, cumulative amount
of the unpaid delinquency advances, when added to realized losses, have created
an Overcollateralization Deficit for a group.
An Overcollateralization Deficit with respect to a group and payment
date is the amount, if any, by which (x) the aggregate principal balance of the
class [A] certificate backed by a group, after taking into account all
distributions to be made on the payment date, except for any payment to be made
as to principal from the proceeds of the certificate insurance policy, exceeds
(y) the aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans in the group securing
that class as of the close of business on the last day of the prior month, plus
any amounts held by the trustee in the pre-funding account for that class.
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
Clean-Up Call.
The master servicer and any of its affiliated sub-servicers have the
right to exercise a clean-up call, which means that they can purchase all the
mortgage loans from the trust on any payment date after the outstanding
aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans in the trust has declined to
10% or less of the aggregate principal balance of all of the mortgage loans
acquired by the trust, calculated at the time they were conveyed to the trust.
This purchase will result in the redemption of the class [A] certificates. The
clean-up call applies to the trust as a whole, and not to either group
individually.
Upon Loss of REMIC status.
If the trust losses its status as a REMIC, it would then be in danger
of becoming a taxable entity. This offering did not contemplate that the trust
would have to pay income taxes, and the trust, if it were to become subject to
income tax, might not have enough revenues to pay the taxes and to make required
payments on the class A certificates. Consequently, if the trust loses it REMIC
status, the master servicer or any of its affiliated sub-servicers [and the
certificate insurer] will each have an option to redeem the class A certificates
at a price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the class A
certificates, plus accrued interest.
S-28
<PAGE> 30
MANDATORY REDEMPTION
Class [A] Fixed Rate Group Certificates.
In the event that, by the end of the pre-funding period, not all of the
$________ originally deposited in the pre-funding account with respect to the
fixed rate group has been used to acquire subsequent fixed rate mortgage loans,
then the class [A-__] certificates will be prepaid in part on the payment date
immediately following the end of the pre-funding period in accordance with the
sequential payment priorities from and to the extent of the remaining funds.
ARM Group.
In the event that, by the end of the pre-funding period, not all of the
$________ originally deposited in the pre-funding account with respect to the
ARM group has been used to acquire subsequent adjustable rate mortgage loans,
then the class [A-__] certificates will be prepaid in part on the payment date
immediately following the pre-funding period from and to the extent of the
remaining funds.
CALCULATION OF LIBOR
On each Interest Determination Date, which is the second business day
preceding each payment date or, in the case of the first payment date, on the
second business day preceding the closing date, the indenture trustee will
determine the London interbank offered rate for one-month U.S. dollar deposits,
or LIBOR for the next Interest Accrual Period. LIBOR will be established on the
basis of the offered rates of the Reference Banks for one-month U.S. dollar
deposits, as they appear on the Telerate Screen 3750, as of 11:00 a.m., London
time. As used in this section, business day means a day on which banks are open
for dealing in foreign currency and exchange in London and New York City; and
Reference Banks means leading banks selected by the trustee after consultation
with the master servicer, which are engaged in transactions in Eurodollar
deposits in the international Eurocurrency market (1) with an established place
of business in London, (2) which have been designated by the trustee after
consultation with the master servicer and (3) which are not controlling,
controlled by, or under common control with, the sponsor.
On each Interest Determination Date, the trustee will determine LIBOR
for the next Interest Accrual Period as follows:
1) On the basis of offered rates for one month United States
dollar deposits, as this rates appears on Telerate page 3750,
as of 11:00 a.m. London time
2) If the rates does not appear on Telerate page 3750 as of 11:00
a.m., London time, LIBOR will be the arithmetic mean of the
offered quotations of two or more reference banks, rounded to
the nearest whole multiple of 1/16%
3) If on the Interest Determination Date fewer than two Reference
Banks provide offered quotations, LIBOR for the Interest
Accrual Period will be the higher of (x) LIBOR as determined
on the previous Interest Determination Date and (y) the
Reserve Interest Rate. The Reserve Interest Rate is the rate
per annum that the trustee determines to be either the
arithmetic mean, rounded to the nearest whole multiple of
1/16%, of the one-month U.S. dollar lending rates which New
York City banks selected by the trustee are quoting on the
Interest Determination Date to the principal London offices of
leading banks in the London interbank market or, in the event
that the trustee cannot determine the arithmetic mean, the
lowest one-month U.S. dollar lending rate which New York City
banks selected by the trustee are quoting on the Interest
Determination Date to leading European banks.
The establishment of LIBOR on each Interest Determination Date by the
trustee and the trustee's calculation of the rate of interest applicable to the
class [A] certificates for the related Interest Accrual Period will, in the
absence of manifest error, be final and binding. Each rate of interest may be
obtained by telephoning the trustee at _______________________.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
The credit enhancement for the class A certificates is a combination of
the internal credit enhancement provided by the overcollateralization and
cross-collateralization provisions of the trust, as well as the external credit
enhancement provided by the certificate insurance policy.
Overcollateralization and cross-collateralization.
Each class of class A certificates are secured by the mortgage loans in
a group. The mortgage loans have coupon rates which on average are higher than
the pass-through rates on the class A certificates, together with fees payable
by the trust to the master servicer, the trustee and the certificate insurer.
Therefore, the interest payments received by the trust will exceed the interest
and fee payments paid out by the trust. In the absence of losses and
delinquencies on the mortgage loans, the trust will have excess cashflow which
will be available to support the credit enhancement feature. The difference
between the mortgage loans' aggregate principal balance and the class A
certificates' aggregate outstanding principal balance, in each case with respect
to a particular group, is the overcollateralization which is available to absorb
losses on the mortgage loans. The amount of overcollateralization with respect
to each group must be maintained at specified required levels, which are
permitted to reduce or step down over time.
The trust will use the excess cashflow described above to make payments
of principal on the class A certificates for the purpose of maintaining the
level of overcollateralization at its required amount. Using mortgage loan
interest payments received by the trust to pay class A certificate principal,
has the effect of amortizing the class A certificates more quickly, and to a
greater degree, than the mortgage loans amortize. This feature thus builds up
overcollateralization, or maintains overcollateralization which has been reduced
as a result of losses on the mortgage loans.
S-29
<PAGE> 31
The trust also has the benefit of a cross-collateralization feature,
which allows the trust to use the excess cashflow generated by one group to cure
shortfalls that may arise in the other group, but only after satisfying the
minimum needs of the first group.
The Certificate Insurance Policy.
If losses on a group are ever so severe that the overcollateralization
level becomes negative - meaning that the class A certificates' aggregate
outstanding principal balance exceeds the aggregate principal balance of the
mortgage loans in the group securing that class, after taking into account all
of the overcollateralization and cross-collateralization provisions, then the
trustee will make a claim on the certificate insurance policy for an amount
equal to the shortfall. That amount will then be passed-through as a principal
distribution on the affected class of class A certificates, reducing their
aggregate outstanding principal balance and re-establishing parity with the
principal balance of the mortgage loans. The certificate insurance policy can
only be drawn upon for principal in the event of a negative
overcollateralization situation; it cannot be drawn upon to maintain the
required positive level of overcollateralization.
Investors in the class [A] certificates should realize that, under
extreme loss or delinquency scenarios applicable to the group securing their
class, they may temporarily receive no distributions of principal.
CLASS [A] CERTIFICATE DISTRIBUTIONS AND INSURED PAYMENTS TO THE OWNERS OF THE
CLASS [A] CERTIFICATES
No later than the second business day prior to each payment date the
trustee will be required to determine for each group the Group Available Funds
for each group. If the Insured Distribution Amount for a group exceeds the Group
Available Funds for that group on any payment date, the trustee will be required
to draw the amount of the insufficiency from the certificate insurer under the
certificate insurance policy. Amounts which cannot be distributed to the owners
of the class [A] certificates as a result of proceedings under the United States
Bankruptcy Code or similar insolvency laws will not be considered in determining
the amount of Group Available Funds available on any payment date.
THE CERTIFICATE INSURER
The following information has been supplied by [insurer] for inclusion
in this prospectus supplement. No representation is made by the sponsor, the
master servicer, the underwriter or any of their affiliates as to the accuracy
or completeness of this information.
The consolidated financial statements of the certificate insurer and
its subsidiaries as of December 31, [____] and December 31, [____] and for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997, prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, included in the Annual Report on
Form 10-K of [_______] for the year ended December 31, [____] and the
consolidated financial statements of the certificate insurer and its
subsidiaries as of [____________, ____] and for the [____]-month periods ending
[__________, ____] and [_____________, ____] included in the Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q of [ ] for the period ending [__________, ____], are incorporated by
reference into this prospectus supplement and are intended to constitute a part
of this prospectus supplement.
All financial statements of the certificate insurer and its
subsidiaries included in documents filed by [_________] under section 13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
S-30
<PAGE> 32
Exchange Act of 1934, subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement and
prior to the termination of the offering of the class [A] certificates shall be
deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and to be
a part of this prospectus supplement from the respective dates of filing.
The tables below present selected financial information of the
certificate insurer determined in accordance with statutory accounting
practices, or SAP, prescribed or permitted by insurance regulatory authorities
and generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SAP
-------------------------------------
[--------] [---------]
---------------- -----------------
(Audited) (Unaudited)
(In millions)
<S> <C> <C>
Admitted Assets
Liabilities
Capital and Surplus
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GAAP
-------------------------------------
[---------] [------------]
---------------- -----------------
(Audited) (Unaudited)
(In millions)
<S> <C> <C>
Admitted Assets
Liabilities
Capital and Surplus
</TABLE>
Copies of the financial statements of the certificate insurer
incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and copies of the
certificate insurer's [____] year-end audited financial statements prepared in
accordance with statutory accounting practices are available, without charge,
from the certificate insurer. The address of the certificate insurer is
[address]. The telephone number of the certificate insurer is [(___)-___-____].
The certificate insurer makes no representation regarding the class [A]
certificates or the advisability of investing in the class [A] certificates. The
certificate insurer does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy or
completeness of this prospectus supplement or any information or disclosure
contained in this prospectus supplement, or omitted from this prospectus
supplement, other than with respect to the accuracy of the information regarding
the certificate insurance policy and certificate insurer set forth under the
headings "The Certificate Insurer" and "The Certificate Insurance Policy."
[rating agency] rates the financial strength of the certificate insurer
"___."
[rating agency] rates the financial strength of the certificate insurer
"___."
[rating agency] rates the financial strength of the certificate insurer
"___."
Each rating of the certificate insurer should be evaluated
independently. The ratings reflect the respective rating agency's current
assessment of the creditworthiness of the certificate
S-31
<PAGE> 33
insurer and its ability to pay claims on its policies of insurance. Any further
explanation as to the significance of the above ratings may be obtained only
from the applicable rating agency.
The above ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold the
class [A] certificates and these ratings may be subject to revision or
withdrawal at any time by the rating agencies. Any downward revision or
withdrawal of any of the above ratings may have an adverse effect on the market
price of the class [A] certificates. The certificate insurer does not guaranty
the market price of the class [A] certificates nor does it guaranty that the
ratings on the class [A] certificates will not be revised or withdrawn.
[An area of potential risk to the certificate insurer's financial
guarantee business would be the inability of an issuer or its trustee or paying
agent to make payments on a certificate insurer insured transaction because of
their failure to be year 2000 ready. To mitigate this risk, the certificate
insurer has been surveying all trustees, all paying agents and selected high
volume issuers to determine their state of readiness. While the survey is not
complete, the results to date are that all respondents are either ready or
planning to be ready by late 1999. If the certificate insurer is asked to pay in
those situations where the issuer's system fails, it will so do and would expect
to recover any payment in a fairly short time period. It is not possible at this
time to evaluate the extent of these payments. The certificate insurer believes
that it has adequate sources of liquidity to cover these payments.]
[THE CERTIFICATE INSURANCE POLICY
The following information has been supplied by the certificate insurer
for inclusion in this prospectus supplement.
The certificate insurer, in consideration of the payment of the premium
and subject to the terms of the certificate insurance policy, unconditionally
and irrevocably guarantees to any owner that an amount equal to each full and
complete Insured Payment will be received by [trustee] from the certificate
insurer, for distribution by the trustee to each owner of each owner's
proportionate share of the Insured Payment. The certificate insurer's
obligations under the certificate insurance policy to make particular Insured
Payments shall be discharged to the extent funds equal to the applicable Insured
Payment are received by the trustee, whether or not those funds are properly
applied by the trustee. Insured Payment will be made only at the time set forth
in the certificate insurance policy and no accelerated Insured Payments will be
made regardless of any acceleration of the class [A] certificates, unless the
acceleration is at the sole option of the certificate insurer.
The certificate insurance policy does not cover shortfalls attributable
to the liability of the trust, any REMIC or the trustee for withholding taxes,
if any, including interest and penalties. The certificate insurance policy does
not cover, and Insured Payments do not include, any Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil
Relief Act shortfalls or any Supplemental Interest Amounts.
The certificate insurer will pay any Insured Payment that is a
Preference Amount on the business day following receipt on a business day by the
certificate insurer of:
- a certified copy of the order requiring the return of a
preference payment,
- an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the certificate insurer
that the order is final and not subject to appeal,
S-32
<PAGE> 34
- an assignment in the form that is reasonably required by the
certificate insurer, irrevocably assigning to the certificate
insurer all rights and claims of the owner relating to or
arising under the class [A] certificates against the debtor
which made the preference payment or otherwise with respect to
the preference payment, and
- appropriate instruments to effect the appointment of the
certificate insurer as agent for the owner in any legal
proceeding concerning the preference payment, these
instruments being in a form satisfactory to the certificate
insurer.
If these documents are received after 12:00 noon New York City time on that
business day, they will be deemed to be received on the following business day.
The payments shall be disbursed to the receiver or trustee in bankruptcy named
in the final order of the court exercising jurisdiction on behalf of the owner
and not to any owner directly unless the owner has returned principal or
interest paid on the class [A] certificates, to the receiver or trustee in
bankruptcy, in which case the payment shall be disbursed to the owner.
The certificate insurer will pay any other amount payable under the
certificate insurance policy no later than 12:00 noon New York City time on the
later of the payment date on which the Deficiency Amount is due or the second
business day following receipt in New York, New York on a business day by
[fiscal agent], as fiscal agent for the certificate insurer or any successor
fiscal agent appointed by the certificate insurer of a notice specified in the
policy. If a notice is received after 12:00 noon New York City time on that
business day, it will be deemed to be received on the following business day. If
any notice received by the fiscal agent is not in proper form or is otherwise
insufficient for the purpose of making claim under the certificate insurance
policy it shall be deemed not to have been received by the fiscal agent for
purposes of this paragraph, and the certificate insurer or the fiscal agent, as
the case may be, shall promptly so advise the trustee and the trustee may submit
an amended notice.
Insured Payments due under the policy will be disbursed by the fiscal
agent to the trustee on behalf of the owners by wire transfer of immediately
available funds in the amount of the Insured Payment less any amount held by the
trustee representing Preference Amounts for the payment of that Insured Payment
and legally available therefor.
The fiscal agent is the agent of the certificate insurer only and the
fiscal agent will not be liable to owners for any acts of the fiscal agent or
any failure of the certificate insurer to deposit or cause to be deposited,
sufficient funds to make payments due under the policy.
Any notice under the policy or service of process on the fiscal agent
may be made at the address listed below for the fiscal agent or any other
address as the certificate insurer specifies in writing to the trustee.
The notice address of the fiscal agent is [address] attention:
[_______________] or any other address as the fiscal agent specifies to the
trustee in writing.
The policy is being issued under and is governed by the laws of the
State of New York, without giving effect to conflict of laws principles.
The insurance provided by the policy is not covered by the
Property/Casualty Insurance Security Fund specified in Article 76 of the New
York Insurance Law.
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<PAGE> 35
The policy is not cancelable for any reason. The premium on the policy
is not refundable for any reason including payment, or provision being made for
payment, prior to maturity of the class [A] certificates.]
THE POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENT
In addition to the provisions of the pooling and servicing agreement
summarized elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus, there is
set forth below a summary of other provisions of the pooling and servicing
agreement.
SALE OF MORTGAGE LOANS
Not later than the closing date the sponsor will cause the originators
to transfer the initial mortgage loans under one or more mortgage loan transfer
agreements between the originators and the sponsor. In these transfer agreements
the originators will make representations and warranties and the sponsor will
assign its rights to enforce the representations and warranties to the trustee.
The sponsor on the closing date will cause the trust to acquire all
right, title and interest of the originators in each mortgage loan listed on the
schedule delivered to the trustee on the closing date and all their right, title
and interest in all principal collected and all interest accrued on each
mortgage loan, excluding any premium recapture, on or after [date].
MATERIAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
Investors may wish to review the material set forth in this section
together with the information in the section "Material Federal Income Tax
Consequences" in the prospectus.
The following discussion of the material anticipated federal income tax
consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Supplemental
Interest Amounts. The discussion in this section and in the prospectus is based
upon laws, regulations, rulings and decisions now in effect, all of which are
subject to change. The discussion below and in the prospectus does not purport
to deal with all federal tax consequences applicable to all categories of
investors, some of which may be subject to special rules. Investors may wish to
consult their own tax advisors in determining the federal, state, local and any
other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the
Supplemental Interest Amounts and the class [A] certificates. References in this
section and in the "ERISA Considerations" section to the code and sections are
to the Internal Revenue Code.
REMIC ELECTIONS
The trustee will cause one or more REMIC elections to be made with
respect to specified assets of the trust for federal income tax purposes. Dewey
Ballantine LLP, special tax counsel, will advise that, in its opinion, for
federal income tax purposes, assuming the REMIC elections are made and
compliance with the Pooling and servicing agreement, the trust will be treated
as a REMIC for federal income tax purposes. Each of the class [A] certificates
will be a "regular interest" in a REMIC, which will be treated as a debt
instrument of the trust for federal income tax purposes.
For federal income tax purposes, regular interests in a REMIC are
treated as debt instruments issued by the REMIC on the date on which those
interests are created, and not as
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<PAGE> 36
ownership interests in the REMIC or its assets. Owners of class [A] certificates
that otherwise report income under a cash method of accounting will be required
to report income with respect to the class [A] certificates under an accrual
method. It is anticipated that the class [A] certificates will not have any
original issue discount other than possibly original issue discount within a de
minimus exception and that accordingly the provisions of sections 1271 through
1273 and 1275 generally will not apply to the class [A] certificates. Original
issue discount will be considered de minimus if it is less than 0.25% of the
principal amount of a class [A] certificate multiplied by its expected weighted
average life. Because rules regarding the accrual of income on prepayable debt
instruments such as the class [A] certificates have not yet been issued by the
Internal Revenue Service, the proper treatment regarding possible original issue
discount and the accrual of income on the class [A] certificates is not clear.
Potential investors may wish to consult their own tax advisors regarding an
investment in the class [A] certificates. The prepayment assumption that will be
used in determining the rate of accrual of original issue discount on the class
[A] certificates is 100% of the prepayment assumption.
No representation is made that any of the mortgage loans will prepay at
these rates or any other rate. See "Prepayment and Yield Considerations
- --Projected Prepayments and Yields for Class [A] Certificates" in this
prospectus supplement and "Material Federal Income Tax Consequences --Discount
and Premium" in the prospectus.
SPECIAL TAX ATTRIBUTES
The class [A] certificates possess special tax attributes by virtue of
the REMIC provisions of the code. The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996
repeals the bad debt reserve method of accounting for mutual savings banks and
domestic building and loan associations for tax years beginning after December
31, 1995. As a result, section 593(d) is no longer applicable to treat REMIC
regular interests, including the certificates, as "qualifying real property
loans". See "Material Federal Income Tax Consequences--REMIC Securities--Special
Tax Attributes" in the prospectus.
SUPPLEMENTAL INTEREST AMOUNTS
The owners of the class [A-__] certificates and the rights to receive
Supplemental Interest Amounts will be treated for tax purposes as owning two
separate investments: (i) the class [A-__] certificates without the right to
receive Supplemental Interest Amounts and (ii) the right to receive the
Supplemental Interest Amounts. The owners of the class [A-__] certificates must
allocate the purchase price of their certificates between these two investments
based on their relative fair market values. The purchase price allocated to the
first investment will be the issue price of the class [A-__] certificates for
calculating accruals of original issue discount. See "Material Federal Income
Tax Consequences--Discount and Premium" in the prospectus.
The trust intends to treat the Supplemental Interest Amounts for
federal income tax purposes as a notional principal contract. Treasury
Regulations under section 446 relating to notional principal contracts provide
that taxpayers, regardless of their method of accounting, generally must
recognize the ratable daily portion of a periodic payment for the taxable year
to which that portion relates. Any Supplemental Interest Amounts will be
periodic payments. Income with respect to periodic payments under a notional
principal contract for a taxable year should constitute ordinary income. The
purchase price allocated to the right to receive the Supplemental Interest
Amounts will be treated as a nonperiodic payment under these regulations. This
nonperiodic payment may be amortized using several methods, including the level
payment method described in these regulations.
S-35
<PAGE> 37
Alternative federal income tax characterization of the Supplemental
Interest Amounts is possible, including treatment of the Supplemental Interest
Amounts as indebtedness or an interest in a partnership. The amount, timing and
character of the income and deductions for an owner of Supplemental Interest
Amounts would differ if the Supplemental Interest Amounts were held to
constitute indebtedness or an interest in a partnership. Because the trust will
treat the Supplemental Interest Amounts as a notional principal contract, the
master servicer will not attempt to satisfy the tax reporting requirements that
would apply under these alternative characterizations of the Supplemental
Interest Amounts. Investors that are foreign persons may wish to consult their
own tax advisors in determining the federal, state, local and other tax
consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the
Supplemental Interest Amounts.
The right to receive the Supplemental Interest Amounts will not
constitute: a real estate asset within the meaning of section 856(c)(5)(B) if
held by a real estate investment trust; a "qualified mortgage" within the
meaning of section 860G(a)(3) or a "permitted investment" within the meaning of
section 860G(a)(5) if held by a REMIC; or assets described in section
7701(a)(19)(C)(xi) if held by a thrift. Moreover, other special rules may apply
to some categories of investors, including dealers in securities and dealers in
notional principal contracts.
If the master servicer, acting directly or through a permitted
designee, exercises its right to an optional termination, the Supplemental
Interest Amount might not be paid in full.
TAXATION OF FOREIGN INVESTORS
Foreign investors will not be subject to U.S. withholding on income
from the Supplemental Interest Amounts, if this income is not connected with a
U.S. trade or business and the foreign investor certifies its foreign status.
The Treasury Department has issued new regulations which make modifications to
the requirements set forth in Annex I to the prospectus. These new regulations
will generally be effective for payments made after December 31, 1999. We
suggest that prospective investors consult their tax advisors regarding these
new regulations.
INFORMATION REPORTING AND BACKUP WITHHOLDING
The trustee will furnish or make available, within a reasonable time
after the end of each calendar year, to each person who held a class [A]
certificate at any time during this year, the information required by applicable
rules to assist the holders in preparing their federal income tax returns, or to
enable holders to make the information available to beneficial owners or
financial intermediaries that hold the certificates on behalf of beneficial
owners. In particular, this information will include a statement of the adjusted
issue price of the class [A] certificate at the beginning of each accrual
period. In addition, the reports will include information necessary to compute
the accrual of any market discount that may arise upon secondary trading of
class [A] certificates.
Distributions of interest and principal as well as distributions of
proceeds from the sale of the class [A] certificates, may be subject to the
"backup withholding tax" under section 3406 at a rate of 31% if the recipients
of these distributions fail to furnish to the payor information, including their
taxpayer identification numbers, or otherwise fail to establish an exemption
from this tax. Any amounts deducted and withheld from a distribution to a
recipient would be allowed as a credit against the recipient's federal income
tax. Furthermore, penalties may be imposed by the IRS on a recipient of
distributions that is required to supply information but does not do so in
S-36
<PAGE> 38
the proper manner. See "Material Federal Income Consequences--Backup
Withholding" in the prospectus.
STATE TAXES
The sponsor makes no representations regarding the tax consequences of
purchase, ownership or disposition of the class [A] certificates and
Supplemental Interest Amounts under tax laws of any state. Investors considering
an investment in the class [A] certificates and Supplemental Interest Amounts
may wish to consult their own tax advisors regarding these tax consequences.
All investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the
federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and
disposition of the class [A] certificates and the Supplemental Interest Amounts.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
A fiduciary of any plan, any insurance company, whether through its
general or separate accounts, or any other person investing plan assets of any
ERISA plan may wish to review with its legal advisors whether the purchase or
holding of class [A] certificates could give rise to a transaction prohibited or
not otherwise permissible under ERISA or section 4975 of the code. The purchase
or holding of the class [A] certificates by or on behalf of, or with plan assets
of, a plan may qualify for exemptive relief under the exemptions described under
"ERISA Considerations-Certificates" in the prospectus.
Any person purchasing a class [A-__] certificate and the right to
receive Supplemental Interest Amounts will have acquired, for purposes of ERISA
and for federal income tax purposes, the class [A-__] certificate without the
right to receive the Supplemental Interest Amounts, together with the right to
receive the Supplemental Interest Amounts. The exemptions do not apply to the
acquisition, holding or resale of the right to receive the Supplemental Interest
Amounts. Accordingly, the acquisition of the right to receive the Supplemental
Interest Amounts by a plan could result in a prohibited transaction unless
another administrative exemption to ERISA's prohibited transaction rules is
applicable. One or more alternative exemptions may be available with respect to
prohibited transaction rules of ERISA that might apply in connection with the
initial purchase, holding and resale of the right to receive the Supplemental
Interest Amounts, including, but not limited to:
- Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 91-38, regarding
investments by bank collective investment funds;
- Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 90-1, regarding
investments by insurance company pooled separate accounts;
- Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 84-14, regarding
transactions negotiated by qualified professional asset
managers;
- Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 96-23, regarding
transactions negotiated by in-house asset managers; or
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<PAGE> 39
- Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 75-1, Part II,
regarding principal transactions by broker-dealers.
It is believed that the conditions of Prohibited Transaction Class
Exemption 75-1, Part II will be met with respect to the acquisition of a right
to receive the Supplemental Interest Amounts by a plan, so long as no
underwriter is a fiduciary with respect to the plan and is not a party in
interest with respect to the plan by reason of being a participating employer or
affiliate. Before purchasing class [A-__] certificates based on an exemption, a
fiduciary of a plan may wish to determine whether the conditions of the
exemption would be met and whether the scope of the relief provided by the
exemption would cover all acts that might be construed as prohibited
transactions.
Prospective plan investors in the class [A] certificates may wish to
consult with their legal advisors concerning the impact of ERISA and the
Internal Revenue Code, the applicability of the Exemptions as amended by PTE
97-34, and the potential consequences in their specific circumstances, prior to
making an investment in the class [A] certificates. Moreover, each plan
fiduciary may wish to determine whether under the general fiduciary standards of
investment procedure and diversification an investment in the class [A]
certificates is appropriate for the plan, taking into account the overall
investment policy of the plan and the composition of the plan's investment
portfolio.
The sale of the class [A] certificates to a plan is in no respect a
representation by the sponsor or the underwriters that this investment meets all
relevant legal requirements with respect to investments by plans generally or by
any particular plan or that this investment is appropriate for plans generally
or any particular plan.
RATINGS
It is a condition of the original issuance of the class [A]
certificates that they receive ratings of "[___]" by [rating agency], and
"[___]" by [rating agency]. The ratings assigned to the class [A] certificates
will be based on the mortgage loans, [as well as the financial strength of the
certificate insurer]. These ratings will be the views only of these rating
agencies only.
Explanations of the significance of these ratings may be obtained from
[rating agency], whose principal offices are located at [Address] and [rating
agency], whose principal offices are located at [Address]. There is no assurance
that these ratings will continue for any period of time or that these ratings
will not be revised or withdrawn. Any revision or withdrawal of the ratings may
have an adverse effect on the market price of the class [A] certificates. A
security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities.
The ratings assigned to the class [A] certificates do not address the
likelihood of the payment of any Supplemental Interest Amounts.
The ratings of [rating agency] on mortgage loan pass-through
certificates address the likelihood of the receipt by the owners of all
distributions to which the owners are entitled. [rating agency] rating opinions
address the structural and legal issues and tax related aspects associated with
the class [A] certificates, including the nature of the mortgage loans and the
credit quality of the credit support provider, if any. [rating agency] ratings
on pass-through certificates do not represent any assessment of the likelihood
that principal prepayments may differ from those originally anticipated.
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<PAGE> 40
The ratings do not address the possibility that, as a result of
principal prepayments, certificateholders may receive a lower than anticipated
yield.
The ratings of the class [A] certificates should be evaluated
independently from similar ratings on other types of securities.
The sponsor has not requested a rating of the class [A] certificates by
any rating agency other than [rating agency] and [rating agency] and the sponsor
has not provided information relating to the class [A] certificates or the
mortgage loans to any rating agency other than [rating agency] and [rating
agency]. There can be no assurance as to whether any other rating agency will
rate the class [A] certificates or, if another rating agency rates them, what
rating would be assigned by that rating agency. Any unsolicited rating assigned
by another rating agency to the class [A] certificates may be lower than the
rating assigned to the class [A] certificates by [rating agency] and [rating
agency].
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
No class of the class [A] certificates will constitute "mortgage
related securities" for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement
Act of 1984.
UNDERWRITING
The sponsor has agreed to cause the trust to sell to the underwriter(s)
of the class [A] certificates, and the underwriter(s) have agreed to purchase
the class [A] certificates.
In the underwriting agreement, the underwriter(s) have agreed to
purchase the entire principal amount of the class [A] certificates in these
amounts:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Underwriter Principal Amount
----------- ----------------
<S> <C>
[underwriter]............................................ [$___________]
[underwriter]............................................ [$___________]
--------------
Total ....................................... [$___________]
</TABLE>
The underwriters have advised the sponsor that they propose initially
to offer the notes to the public at the price set forth on the cover page
hereof, and to specified dealers at a price less a concession not in excess of
____%. The underwriters may allow and these dealers may reallow a concession not
in excess of ____%. After the initial public offering, the public offering price
and the concessions and reallowances may be changed.
The sponsor has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against
liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.
In connection with this offering and in compliance with applicable law
and industry practice, the underwriter(s) may overallot or effect transactions
which stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the class [A]
certificates at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open
market, including stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate covering transactions or
imposing penalty bids. They could effect market prices by stabilizing bid means
the placing of any bid, or the effecting of any purchase, for the purpose of
pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of a security. A syndicate covering
transaction means the placing of any
S-39
<PAGE> 41
bid on behalf of the underwriting syndicate or the effecting of any purchase to
reduce a short position created in connection with the offering. A penalty bid
means an arrangement that permits the managing underwriter to reclaim a selling
concession from a syndicate member in connection with the offering when class
[A] certificates originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in
syndicate covering transactions. The underwriter(s) are not required to engage
in any of these activities, which, if commenced, may be discontinued at any
time.
The sponsor has been advised by the underwriters that the underwriters
presently intend to make a market in the class [A] certificates, as permitted by
applicable laws and regulations. The underwriter(s) are not obligated, however,
to make a market in the class [A] certificates and any market making may be
discontinued at any time at the sole discretion of the underwriters.
Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the liquidity of, or trading
markets for, the class [A] certificates.
EXPERTS
The consolidated balance sheets of [certificate insurer] [and
subsidiaries] as of December 31, ____ and December 31, ____ and the consolidated
statements of income, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, ____, incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement have been incorporated in this
prospectus supplement in reliance on the report of [accountants], independent
accountants, given on the authority of that firm as experts in accounting and
auditing.
LEGAL MATTERS
Legal matters relating to the validity of the issuance of the class [A]
certificates will be passed upon for the sponsor by Dewey Ballantine LLP, New
York, New York, and for the underwriters by [counsel].
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<PAGE> 42
GLOSSARY
"BASE PRINCIPAL DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" for any payment date for each
group is the lesser of:
(a) the Group Available Funds for the group, plus any Insured
Payment for the group and minus the Interest Distribution
Amount for that group, and
(b) (1) the sum, without duplication of:
(A) the principal actually collected by the master
servicer with respect to the mortgage loans in the
group during the prior month;
(B) the principal balance of each mortgage loan in the
group that either was repurchased by the sponsor or
an originator or purchased by the master servicer or
any sub-servicer in connection with that payment
date;
(C) any amounts delivered by the sponsor or an originator
in connection with that payment date because of a
substitution of a mortgage loan in the group;
(D) all net liquidation proceeds actually collected by
the master servicer with respect to the mortgage
loans in the group during the prior month, to the
extent representing principal;
minus
(2) the amount of any Overcollateralization Reduction Amount with
respect to the group for that payment date.
"CLASS [A] INTEREST DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" means, for each class and
payment date, the interest due with respect to that class, together with any
unpaid interest shortfalls relating to that class from prior accrual periods.
The Class [A] Interest Distribution Amount for the class [A-__] certificates
does not include any Supplemental Interest Amount.
"CLEAN-UP CALL DATE" is the first payment date on which the clean-up
call could be exercised.
"DEFICIENCY AMOUNT" means the excess, if any, of Required Distributions
over the Net Available Distribution Amount.
"EXCESS CASH FLOW" for a group is equal to the Group Available Funds
for that group minus the Class A Interest Distribution Amount and the Base
Principal Distribution Amount for that group.
"GROUP AVAILABLE FUNDS" is the amount for each group available to the
trustee on a payment date, after taking into account any amounts transferred as
a result of cross-collateralization, and after deducting the amounts of fees and
reimbursements.
"INSURED DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" means, with respect to each group and any
payment date, the sum of the Interest Distribution Amount and any
Overcollateralization Deficit, in each case for the group.
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<PAGE> 43
"INSURED PAYMENT" means without duplication (i) as of any payment date,
any Deficiency Amount and (ii) any Preference Amount.
"INTEREST ACCRUAL PERIOD" for the class [A- ] certificates the calendar
month preceding each payment date; for the class [A- ] certificates the period
from the preceding payment date, or, in the case of the first payment date, from
the closing date, through the day preceding the payment date.
"INTEREST DETERMINATION DATE" the second business day preceding each
Payment Date or, in the case of the first Payment Date, on the second business
day preceding the Closing Date.
"OVERCOLLATERALIZATION DEFICIT" means the amount, if any, that the
aggregate outstanding principal balance of the class A certificates relating to
a group on a payment date, after payment of the Base Principal Distribution
Amount for that group, but before taking into account any principal payment
funded from Excess Cash Flow or any Insured Payment, exceeds the aggregate
principal balances of the mortgage loans in that group as of the end of the
prior month.
"PREFERENCE AMOUNT" means any amount previously distributed to an owner
on the class [A] certificates, that is recoverable and sought to be recovered as
a voidable preference by a trustee in bankruptcy pursuant to the United States
Bankruptcy Code in accordance with a final nonappealable order of a court having
competent jurisdiction.
"PRINCIPAL DISTRIBUTION AMOUNT" is the sum of:
- the Base Principal Distribution Amount for that class and
payment date;
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<PAGE> 44
- the Overcollateralization Deficit allocable to that class, but
only to the extent that it can be funded on that payment date
from Excess Cashflow available from both groups;
- any Remaining Overcollateralization Deficit on that payment
date, to the extent funded by the certificate insurer as an
Insured Payment, and
- the Overcollateralization Increase Amount for that class, but
only to the extent it can be funded on the payment date from
Excess Cashflow available from both groups.
"REQUIRED DISTRIBUTIONS" means, with respect to a group and (1) any
payment date occurring prior to the payment date in [__________, ____], the
Insured Distribution Amount (net of any shortfalls arising due to the
application of the Relief Act) with respect to the group and (2) the payment
date occurring in [________, ____], the aggregate outstanding principal balance,
if any, of the class [A] certificates relating to that group, after giving
effect to all other payments of principal on the class [A] certificates on the
payment date.
"SUPPLEMENTAL INTEREST AMOUNT" means, for the class [A-__] certificates
and a payment date, the amount of interest that would otherwise be paid on the
class [A-__] certificates if not for the application of the available funds cap
rate.
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<PAGE> 45
[$-----------]
(APPROXIMATE)
ADVANTA MORTGAGE LOAN TRUST [1999-__]
MORTGAGE LOAN ASSET-BACKED CERTIFICATES, SERIES [1999-__]
[LOGO]
ADVANTA MORTGAGE CORP. USA
MASTER SERVICER
[LOGO]
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC.
SPONSOR
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[UNDERWRITERS]
[-----------, ----]
We suggest that you rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you
with different information.
We are not offering the securities offered hereby in any state where
the offer is not permitted.
We represent the accuracy of the information in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus only as of the dates on
their respective covers.
Dealers will be required to deliver a prospectus supplement and
prospectus when acting as underwriters of the securities offered hereby
and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions. In
addition, all dealers selling the securities, whether or not
participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus
supplement and prospectus until
[-----------, ----].
================================================================================
<PAGE> 46
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT DRAFT 23 JUNE 1999
(TO PROSPECTUS DATED _____, 1999)
$----------
(APPROXIMATE)
ADVANTA REVOLVING HOME EQUITY LOAN TRUST [SERIES]
ADVANTA REVOLVING HOME EQUITY LOAN ASSET BACKED NOTES, SERIES [SERIES]
[LOGO] [LOGO]
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC. ADVANTA MORTGAGE CORP. USA
Sponsor Master Servicer
YOU SHOULD READ THE SECTION ENTITLED "RISK FACTORS" STARTING ON PAGE ___ OF THIS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND PAGE __ OF THE PROSPECTUS AND CONSIDER THESE FACTORS
BEFORE MAKING A DECISION TO INVEST IN THE NOTES.
The notes represent non-recourse obligations of the trust only and are not
interests in or obligations of any other person or entity.
Neither the notes nor the underlying loans will be insured or guaranteed by any
governmental agency or instrumentality.
This prospectus supplement may be used to offer and sell the notes only if
accompanied by the prospectus.
THE TRUST WILL ISSUE ONE CLASS OF NOTES WITH THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INITIAL NOTE FINAL SCHEDULED
NOTE BALANCE INTEREST RATE PAYMENT DATE
------------ ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
$ __________ [rate] [date]
</TABLE>
Interest and principal on the notes is scheduled to be paid monthly on the 25th
day of the month, or the next business day. The first payment date is [date].
The property of the trust consists of a pool of adjustable rate home equity
revolving credit line loans.
[The notes will have the benefit of a note guaranty insurance policy from
[insurer] which will guarantee minimum required amounts due on the notes.]
[LOGO]
Delivery of the notes is expected in book-entry form through DTC, Cedelbank and
the Euroclear System on or about [date].
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRICE TO UNDERWRITING PROCEEDS TO
PUBLIC(1) DISCOUNT THE SPONSOR(2)
--------- -------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Per note.... ___% ____% ____%
Total....... $ ________ $_______ $ ________
</TABLE>
-----------------------
(1) Plus accrued interest, if any, from the date the notes are issued.
(2) Before deducting expenses, estimated to be approximately $________.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the
accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus supplement. Any representation to the
contrary is a criminal offense.
[UNDERWRITER] [UNDERWRITER]
[date]
<PAGE> 47
IMPORTANT NOTICE ABOUT THE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS
We provide information to you about the notes in two separate documents
that progressively provide more detail: (1) the accompanying prospectus, which
provides general information, some of which may not apply to your notes; and (2)
this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of your notes and
may be different from the information in the prospectus.
This prospectus supplement does not contain complete information about
the offering of the notes. Additional information is contained in the
prospectus. You are urged to read both this prospectus supplement and the
prospectus in full. We cannot sell the notes to you unless you have received
both this prospectus supplement and the prospectus.
IF THE TERMS OF YOUR NOTES AND ANY OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT ARE MORE SPECIFIC THAN THE GENERAL TERMS AND INFORMATION
IN THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS, YOU SHOULD RELY ON THE MORE SPECIFIC INFORMATION
IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
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We include cross-references in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus to captions in these materials where you can find
further discussions. The following table of contents and the table of contents
included in the accompanying prospectus provide the pages where these captions
are located.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
Important notice about the information presented in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus................................................................................................ i
Summary................................................................................................... 1
Summary Terms of the Notes and the Mortgage
Loans..................................................................................................... 2
Risk Factors.............................................................................................. 6
Formation of the Trust.................................................................................... 9
The Owner Trustee.................................................................................... 10
The Indenture Trustee................................................................................ 10
The Master Servicer....................................................................................... 10
The Sponsor and the Master Servicer.................................................................. 10
Pending Consumer Mortgage Lending Proposals.......................................................... 11
The HELOC Lending Program................................................................................. 12
Description Of The Mortgage Loans......................................................................... 16
Maturity and Prepayment Considerations.................................................................... 19
The Notes............................................................................................ 20
Effect of Overcollateralization Feature.............................................................. 21
Optional Redemption.................................................................................. 21
Decrement Table...................................................................................... 22
Description of the Notes.................................................................................. 23
Optional Transfers of Mortgage Loans to the Sponsor or the Related Originator........................ 23
Payments on Mortgage Loans; Deposits to Principal and Interest Account............................... 24
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Distributions on the Notes........................................................................... 24
Overcollateralization Feature........................................................................ 25
Interest Distributions............................................................................... 25
Calculation of the LIBOR Rate for the Notes.......................................................... 26
Payment of Principal................................................................................. 27
Rapid Amortization Events............................................................................ 28
Events of Default Under the Indenture................................................................ 29
Remedies on Event of Default under the Indenture..................................................... 29
Flow of Funds........................................................................................ 29
[The Insurer and the Policy].............................................................................. 31
The Insurer.......................................................................................... 31
The Policy........................................................................................... 32
Drawings Under the Policy............................................................................ 33
Provisions of the Agreements.............................................................................. 33
Collection and Other Servicing Procedures on Mortgage Loans.......................................... 33
Transfer of the Mortgage Loan Files.................................................................. 34
Hazard Insurance..................................................................................... 34
Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans............................................................ 35
Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses....................................................... 35
Reports.............................................................................................. 36
Evidence as to Compliance............................................................................ 36
Matters Regarding the Master Servicer................................................................ 36
Amendments........................................................................................... 37
The Indenture Trustee................................................................................ 37
Use of Proceeds........................................................................................... 38
Material Federal Income Tax Consequences.................................................................. 38
Characterization of the Notes as Indebtedness........................................................ 38
Taxation of Interest Income of Holders............................................................... 39
Possible Classification of the Trust as a Partnership or Association Taxable as a Corporation........ 41
Foreign Investors.................................................................................... 42
Backup Withholding................................................................................... 43
Tax-Exempt Entities.................................................................................. 44
State Taxes............................................................................................... 44
ERISA Considerations...................................................................................... 44
Legal Investment Considerations........................................................................... 45
Underwriting.............................................................................................. 45
Legal Matters............................................................................................. 46
Experts................................................................................................... 46
Ratings................................................................................................... 47
Glossary.................................................................................................. 48
</TABLE>
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SUMMARY
- This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus
supplement and does not contain all of the information that you need
to consider in making your investment decision. To understand all of
the terms of the offering of the notes, read carefully this entire
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
- This summary provides an overview of the structured provisions
calculations, cash flows and other information to aid your
understanding and is qualified by the full description of these
structural provisions calculations, cash flows and other information in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
ISSUING TRUST: Advanta Revolving Home Equity Loan Trust [series]
NOTES: Advanta Revolving Home Equity
Loan Asset Backed Notes, Series [series]
NON-OFFERED
CERTIFICATES: Trust Certificate
SPONSOR: Advanta Mortgage Conduit Services, Inc.
MASTER
SERVICER: Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA
INDENTURE TRUSTEE:
[INSURER: [insurer]]
PAYMENT DATES: The 25th day of each month, beginning on [date]. If
the 25th day is not a business day, then the payment
date will be the next business day.
CLOSING DATE: On or about [date].
CUT-OFF DATE: The opening of business on [date].
ORIGINATORS: [Advanta National Bank and Advanta Finance Corp.]
OWNER TRUSTEE:
The Trust. The sponsor is forming a trust to hold a pool of adjustable
rate home equity revolving credit line loans. All of the loans will be
originated by the originators.
The Insurer. The trust will have the benefit of a note guaranty
insurance policy issued to it by [insurer] guaranteeing payment of minimum
required amounts due to the holders of the notes.
The Notes. The notes will be issued under an indenture between the
indenture trustee and the trust. The notes will be secured by a pledge of a pool
of adjustable rate home equity revolving credit line loans.
Principal Distributions. The trust will distribute principal monthly to
the holders of the notes, except as otherwise specified in this prospectus
supplement.
Interest Distributions. The trust will distribute interest monthly to
the holders of the notes based on the note interest rate and principal balance.
No Other Obligors. The notes do not represent the obligation of any
entity other than the issuing trust.
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SUMMARY TERMS OF THE NOTES AND THE MORTGAGE LOANS
The following summary provides an overview. It does not contain all the
information that you need to consider in making your investment decision. To
understand the terms of the notes and the characteristics of the mortgage loans,
read carefully this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus.
NOTES
The notes, which are offered hereby, will have the principal balance,
note interest rate and other features set forth on the cover page of this
prospectus supplement and described within this prospectus supplement. The notes
represent an obligation of the trust, and are not an obligation of any other
entity.
ASSETS OF THE TRUST
The trust's assets include:
- a pool of adjustable rate home equity revolving credit line loans, or
mortgage loans, secured by either first or junior deeds of trust or
mortgages on one- to four-family residential properties;
- payments of principal and interest collected on the mortgage loans on
and after the cut-off date;
- property that secured a mortgage loan to the extent it has been
acquired by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure;
- a note guaranty insurance policy issued by [insurer]; and
- rights under hazard insurance policies covering the mortgaged
properties.
During the life of the trust, all new advances made to mortgagors under the
applicable credit line agreement will become assets of the trust. Due to these
advances and any principal payments on the mortgage loans, the pool balance may
fluctuate and differ from day to day.
THE MORTGAGE LOANS
1. Mortgage Loan Statistics
As of [date], the mortgage loans will have the following
characteristics. All weighted averages are weighted by the aggregate principal
balances of the mortgage loans as of [date].
- number of mortgage loans: ____
- aggregate principal balance: $____
- mortgaged property locations: __ states
- average credit limit: $____
- range of credit limits: ____ to $____
- range of coupon rates: ____% to ____%
- weighted average coupon rate: ____%
- range of seasoning: __ to __ months
- weighted average seasoning: __ months
- range of credit limit utilization: ____% to ____%
- weighted average credit limit utilization: ____%
- range of gross margins: ____% to ____%
- weighted average gross margin: ____%
- range of combined loan-to-value ratios:____% to ____%
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- weighted average combined loan-to-value ratio: ____%
- range of monthly periodic caps: ____% to ____%
- weighted average monthly periodic cap: ____%
- range of annual coupon rate caps: ____% to ____%
- weighted average annual coupon rate cap: ____%
- range of maximum coupon rates: ____% to _____%
- weighted average maximum coupon rate: ____%
- all of the mortgage loans bear interest at an adjustable rate based on
the prime rate published in the applicable edition of The Wall Street
Journal and accrue interest on a simple interest basis.
2. Payment Terms of Mortgage Loans
- Each borrower under a mortgage loan may borrow amounts from time to
time up to the maximum amount of that borrower's line of credit. If
borrowed amounts are repaid, they can be borrowed again during the
draw period.
- Interest -- Interest on each mortgage loan is payable monthly on the
outstanding principal balance for each day in the billing cycle.
- Principal -- The mortgage loans generally have either:
- - a three year draw period during which time amounts may be borrowed under
the credit line agreement and no principal is required to be repaid. The
draw period is followed by a 20-year repayment period during which the
borrower must repay the outstanding principal of the loan; or
- - a five year draw period during which time amounts may be borrowed under the
credit line agreement and no principal is required to be repaid. The draw
period is followed by a 15-year repayment period during which the borrower
must repay the outstanding principal of the loan.
We refer you to "Description of the Mortgage Loans" in this prospectus
supplement for additional information.
THE NOTES
1. General
- The notes will be secured by the assets of the trust.
- Each month, the indenture trustee will calculate the amount you are
owed.
- If you hold a note on the day immediately preceding a payment date,
you will be entitled to receive payments on that payment date.
2. Interest Payments: Interest on the notes accrues during the period
beginning on the prior payment date, or in the case of the first payment date,
beginning on the closing date, and ending on the day before the payment date.
The indenture trustee will calculate interest based on the actual number of days
in the interest period and a year assumed to consist of 360 days. On each
payment date, you will be entitled to the following amount of interest:
- interest that accrued at the note interest rate during the interest
period on the principal balance of your note; and
- any interest that was due on a prior payment date and not paid. In
addition, interest will accrue on the amount of interest which was
previously due and not paid.
3. Principal Payments: From the first payment date and ending on the
payment date in [date] and if events causing an increase in the
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payment of principal do not occur, you will be entitled to either (a) or (b),
whichever is the lesser amount, in each case less any amounts applied to reduce
overcollateralization:
(a) ____% of the principal collected during the prior remittance period; or
(b) the amount of principal collected during the prior remittance period
minus advances made to the borrowers under the credit line agreements
during that remittance period.
Beginning on the payment date in [date], or if prior to this date
events causing an increase in the payment of principal occur, you will be
entitled to receive the amount described in (a) above on each subsequent payment
date. In addition, on each payment date you may receive extra payments to reduce
the principal balance of your notes to the extent excess funds are allocated to
you.
We refer you to "Description of the Notes" in this prospectus
supplement for additional information.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
[1. The Note Guaranty Insurance Policy: [insurer] will issue a note
guaranty insurance policy which unconditionally guarantees the payment of:
- accrued and unpaid interest on the notes at the note interest rate; and
- any principal amounts owed to holders on the maturity date.
We refer you to "The Insurer and the Policy" in this prospectus
supplement for additional information.]
2. Overcollateralization: Initially, the principal balance of the mortgage
loans will be greater than the principal balance of the notes. In addition, a
portion of available funds in excess of that required to pay the amounts due on
the notes will be used to make accelerated payments of principal on the notes,
further increasing the credit support for the notes, until the targeted amount
of overcollateralization has been reached.
We refer you to "Description of the Notes -- Overcollateralization
Feature" in this prospectus supplement for additional information.
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
The notes may be redeemed by the master servicer or any affiliated
sub-servicer on any payment date after the principal balance of the notes is
reduced to an amount less than or equal to __% of the original principal balance
of the notes.
We refer you to "Maturity and Prepayment Consequences -- Optional
Redemption" in this prospectus supplement for additional information.
FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
For federal income tax purposes:
- Tax counsel is of the opinion that the notes will be treated as debt
instruments.
- You must agree to treat your note as indebtedness for federal, state
and local income and franchise tax purposes.
We refer you to "Federal Income Tax Consequences" in this prospectus
supplement and in the prospectus for additional information.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Subject to the conditions and considerations discussed under "ERISA
Considerations" in this prospectus supplement, the notes may be purchased by
pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plans, as well as individual
retirement accounts and various types of Keogh plans.
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We refer you to "ERISA Considerations" in this prospectus supplement
and the prospectus for additional information.
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, defines mortgage
related securities to include only first mortgages, and not second mortgages.
Because the pool of mortgage loans owned by the trust includes junior mortgage
loans, the notes will not be mortgage related securities under that definition.
Some institutions may be limited in their legal investment authority to only
first mortgages or mortgage related securities and will be unable to invest in
the notes.
We refer you to "Legal Investment Considerations" in this prospectus
supplement and "Legal Investment Matters" in the prospectus for additional
information.
NOTE RATING
The trust will not issue the notes unless they receive the following
ratings:
- "____" by [rating agency].
- "____" by [rating agency]
A rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be
subject to revision or withdrawal by either rating agency.
We refer you to "Ratings" and "Risk Factors -- Note Rating Based
Primarily on the Financial Strength of the Insurer" in this prospectus
supplement for additional information.
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RISK FACTORS
YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING RISK FACTORS PRIOR TO ANY
PURCHASE OF NOTES. YOU SHOULD ALSO CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE INFORMATION UNDER
"RISK FACTORS" IN THE PROSPECTUS.
PREPAYMENTS AFFECT TIMING AND RATE OF RETURN ON YOUR INVESTMENT
The yield to maturity on your notes will be directly related to the
rate of principal payments on the mortgage loans. Please consider the following:
- During the period that a borrower may borrow additional money under a
revolving home equity credit-line loan, the borrower may make monthly
payments of the accrued interest only or may also repay some or all of
the amounts previously borrowed. In addition, borrowers may borrow
additional amounts up to the maximum amounts of their lines of credit.
As a result, the amount the trust receives in any month, and in turn
the amount of principal paid to you, may change significantly.
- Substantially all the mortgage loans contain due-on-sale provisions.
Due-on-sale provisions require the mortgagor to fully pay the mortgage
loan when the mortgaged property is sold. Generally, the master
servicer will enforce the due-on-sale provision unless prohibited by
applicable law.
- Home equity loans generally are not viewed by borrowers as permanent
financing. Accordingly, the mortgage loans may experience a higher rate
of prepayment than purchase money first lien mortgage loans.
We refer you to "Description of the Securities -- Yield Considerations"
and "Description of the Securities -- Maturity and Prepayment Considerations" in
the prospectus.
NOTE RATING BASED PRIMARILY ON THE FINANCIAL STRENGTH OF THE INSURER
The rating on the notes depends primarily on an assessment by the
rating agencies of the mortgage loans and upon the financial strength of the
insurer. Any reduction of the rating assigned to the financial strength of the
insurer may cause a corresponding reduction on the ratings assigned to the
notes. A reduction in the rating assigned to the notes will reduce the market
value of the notes and may affect your ability to sell them. The rating on your
notes addresses credit risk and does not address the likelihood of prepayments.
We refer you to "Ratings" in this prospectus supplement.
LIEN PRIORITY COULD RESULT IN PAYMENT DELAY AND LOSS
Most of the mortgage loans are secured by mortgages which are junior in
priority. Mortgage loans that are secured by junior mortgages will receive
proceeds from a sale of the mortgaged property only after any senior mortgage
loans and prior statutory liens have been paid. If the remaining proceeds are
insufficient to satisfy the mortgage loan in the trust, the insurer fails to
perform its obligations under the note guaranty insurance policy and the
overcollateralization is insufficient to cover the loss, then:
- there will be a delay in payments to you while a deficiency judgment
against the borrower is sought; and
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- you may incur a loss if a deficiency judgment cannot be obtained or is
not realized upon.
We refer you to "Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans" in the prospectus.
THE MASTER SERVICER'S ABILITY TO CHANGE THE TERMS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS COULD
REDUCE THE FUNDS AVAILABLE TO PAY THE NOTES OR DELAY PAYMENTS TO YOU
Subject to limitations, the master servicer may agree to changes in the
terms of a mortgage loan if these changes are consistent with accepted servicing
practices. The master servicer may also change its servicing procedures. These
changes could result in delays or reductions in payments on the mortgage loans,
and correspondingly on the notes.
We refer you to "Servicing Procedures -- Collection and Other Servicing
Procedures" in this prospectus supplement.
DELINQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS ARE MORE LIKELY TO DEFAULT
The trust will include mortgage loans which are 59 or fewer days
delinquent. These mortgage loans may be more likely to default than mortgage
loans that are not currently delinquent.
MORTGAGE LOANS HAVE AN INTEREST ONLY FEATURE DURING THE DRAW PERIOD, WHICH MAY
REDUCE YOUR PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS
The mortgage loans initially require payments of interest but no
payments of principal. After this initial period, which may last from three to
five years, the borrowers are required to make level monthly payments of
principal sufficient to amortize the loan.
During the initial period, holders may receive little or no payments of
principal.
If the borrower makes little or no payments of principal during the
initial period, the payments of principal during the subsequent amortization
period will be greater than if amortized over the full term of the loan. The
increased payment obligation may result in delinquencies and defaults.
HIGH CLTV MORTGAGE LOANS MAY HAVE GREATER LOSSES
Some of the mortgage loans have combined loan-to-value ratios greater
than 100%, but not greater than 125%. Consequently, the mortgaged properties are
unlikely to provide adequate security for these mortgage loans. In the event
that any mortgaged property fails to provide adequate security for the mortgage
loan, any losses in connection with the mortgage loans may affect the timing of
payments of principal to the holders, since there may be substantial delays in
collecting on deficiency judgments, assuming they can be collected on at all.
LOANS IN EXCESS OF THE CREDIT LIMIT MAY RESULT IN INCREASED DEFAULTS AND
DELINQUENCIES
As part of their normal lending practices, the originators may in some
instances permit borrowers to borrow up to __% over the credit limit even though
the mortgage loans were not originated on that basis. Any excess amount is added
to the principal balance and will be amortized during the repayment period of
the mortgage loan. This will cause the monthly payments during the repayment
period to be higher, which may result in increased defaults and delinquencies.
Since the mortgaged property now secures a larger debt, if the mortgage
properties are liquidated it is more likely that you will experience a
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loss if the overcollateralization is insufficient and the insurer does not
perform its obligations under the policy.
PREPAYMENTS OF PRINCIPAL MAY REDUCE INTEREST PAYMENTS
If a mortgagor prepays a mortgage loan in full, the mortgagor is
charged interest only up to the date of the prepayment, instead of a full month.
Neither the insurer, the sponsor, nor the master servicer is required to cover
any shortfalls resulting from prepayments of principal.
CERTAIN INTEREST SHORTFALLS ARE NOT COVERED BY THE MASTER SERVICER OR THE
INSURER
The Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940 permits certain
modifications to the payment terms for mortgage loans, including a reduction in
the amount of interest paid by certain borrowers on active duty in military
service, under certain circumstances. In addition, this legislation imposes
limitations that would impair the ability of the master servicer to foreclose on
an affected mortgage loan during the mortgagor's period of active duty status.
Thus, in the event that the mortgage loan goes into default, there may be delays
and losses experienced by holders due to the inability of the master servicer to
realize upon the mortgaged property in a timely fashion. Neither the master
servicer, the sponsor, nor the insurer are required to cover any interest
shortfalls created by the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940.
RISK OF LOSSES AS A RESULT OF GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION
The mortgaged properties relating to the mortgage loans are located in
[ ___ ] states. However, ____% of the mortgaged properties, by aggregate
principal balance as of the cut-off date, are located in [State]. If [State]
were to experience weaker economic conditions or greater rates of decline in
real estate values than the United States generally, then the pool of mortgage
loans included in this trust may experience higher rates of delinquencies,
defaults and foreclosures than a more diversified pool of mortgage loans.
INTEREST ON NOTES MAY BE REDUCED BECAUSE THE MORTGAGE LOANS ACCRUE INTEREST
BASED ON A DIFFERENT INDEX
The interest rate on the notes is based on the value of LIBOR and the
coupon rate on the mortgage loans is based on the prime rate. Because LIBOR and
the prime rate respond differently to economic factors, LIBOR could be higher
than the prime rate, in which case interest payments to holders may be limited.
HOLDERS COULD BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED IN THE ABSENCE OF YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE
Many existing computer programs use only two digits to identify a year
in the date field. These programs were designed and developed without
considering the impact of the upcoming change in the century. If not corrected,
many computer applications could fail or create erroneous results on or after
January 1, 2000. In connection with this issue Advanta Corp., the parent company
of the originators and of the master servicer, has completed an evaluation of
its systems, applications and vendor lists, and is implementing project plans to
modify existing computer programs, convert to new programs or replace systems,
to the extent necessary to address the upcoming change in the century. Advanta
Corp. has identified significant business relationships, including, without
limitation, vendors, customers, asset management counterparties and funding
counterparties. Advanta Corp. has initiated communications with these third
parties to determine the extent to which Advanta Corp. is vulnerable to these
third parties' failure to remediate their own year 2000 issues. In the event
that Advanta Corp.'s project plans are not
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timely or successfully completed, there can be no assurance that the upcoming
change in the century will not have a material adverse effect on the operations
of the originators or of the master servicer, including a shut-down of
operations for a period of time, which may, in turn, have a material adverse
effect on the notes. In addition, there can be no assurance that the systems
used by outside service providers, including sub-servicers providing services to
the master servicer, or other third parties upon which the originators' and the
master servicer's systems rely, will be converted on a timely basis. Further,
there can be no assurance that a failure to convert by another company, or a
conversion that is incompatible with the originators' and the master servicer's
systems, would not have a material adverse on their operations, which may, in
turn, have a material adverse effect on the notes. In the event that the systems
or programs of the indenture trustee, or of [insurer] are not year 2000
compliant, there can be no assurance that there would not be a material adverse
effect on the operations of the indenture trustee or [insurer], respectively,
which may, in turn, have a material adverse effect on the notes.
DTC AND THE YEAR 2000 ISSUE
The management of DTC, the Depository Trust Company, is aware that some
computer applications, systems and the like for processing data that are
dependent upon calendar dates, including dates before, on and after January 1,
2000, may encounter year 2000 issues. DTC has informed its participants and
members of the financial community that it has developed and is implementing a
program so that its systems, as the same relate to the timely payment of
distributions, including principal and interest payments, to security holders,
book-entry deliveries, and settlement of trades within DTC continue to function
appropriately on and after January 1, 2000. This program includes a technical
assessment and a remediation plan, each of which is complete. Additionally,
DTC's plan includes a testing phase, which is expected to be completed within
appropriate time frames.
FORMATION OF THE TRUST
Advanta Revolving Home Equity Loan Trust [series] is a business trust
formed under the laws of the State of Delaware under a trust agreement between
Advanta Mortgage Conduit Services, Inc., as the sponsor, Advanta Holding Trust
[series] and [owner trustee], as the owner trustee. Prior to formation, the
trust will have no assets or obligations or any operating history.
The trust will not engage in any business other than
- - acquiring, holding and managing the adjustable rate home equity revolving
credit line loans transferred to the trust, the other assets of the trust
and any proceeds therefrom,
- - issuing the notes and trust certificates representing the ownership
interest in the trust property,
- - making payments on the notes and the certificates and
- - engaging in other activities that are necessary, suitable or convenient to
accomplish the foregoing or are incidental thereto.
The trust will not acquire any assets other than the trust property,
and it is not anticipated that the trust will have any need for additional
capital resources. Because the trust will have no operating history upon its
establishment and will not engage in any business other than the duties
discussed above, no historical, pro forma financial statements, or ratios of
earnings to fixed charges with respect to the trust have been included in this
prospectus supplement.
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THE OWNER TRUSTEE
[owner trustee], the owner trustee, is a [Delaware] banking corporation
and its principal offices are located at [address], Attention: [attention]. The
owner trustee will perform limited administrative functions under the trust
agreement. The owner trustee's duties in connection with the issuance and sale
of the notes and the certificates are limited solely to the express obligations
of the owner trustee set forth in the trust agreement, the indenture and the
sale and servicing agreement, among the trust, Advanta Trust [series], the
sponsor, Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA., as the master servicer, and the indenture
trustee.
THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE
[indenture trustee] is the indenture trustee under the indenture.
[indenture trustee]. is a [type of entity] and the principal corporate trust
offices of which are located at [address]. The indenture trustee's duties in
connection with the notes are limited solely to its express obligations under
the indenture and the sale and servicing agreement.
THE MASTER SERVICER
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA, as master servicer, will service the
mortgage loans in accordance with the terms of the sale and servicing agreement.
The master servicer may perform any of its obligations under the sale and
servicing agreement through one or more subservicers, which may be affiliates of
the master servicer. Notwithstanding any subservicing arrangement, the master
servicer will remain liable for its servicing duties and obligations as if the
master servicer alone were servicing the mortgage loans.
THE SPONSOR AND THE MASTER SERVICER
The sponsor is a direct subsidiary of Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA, the
master servicer, and is an indirect subsidiary of Advanta Corp., a Delaware
corporation, a publicly-traded company with its principal executive offices
located in Springhouse, Pennsylvania with assets as of [date], in excess of
$_____. Advanta Corp., through its subsidiaries, including the master servicer,
managed assets, including the mortgage loans, in excess of $_____ as of [date].
See "The Sponsor" and "The Master Servicer" in the prospectus.
As of [date], the master servicer and its subsidiaries were servicing
approximately ______ mortgage loans in the combined closed-end and HELOC owned
and managed servicing portfolios, representing an aggregate outstanding
principal balance of approximately $______. In addition, as of ___ the master
servicer was servicing approximately _____ mortgage loans for third parties on a
contract servicing basis representing an aggregate outstanding principal balance
of approximately $_____.
As of [date], the sponsor or its affiliates have issued ___ series of
closed-end mortgage asset-backed securities with an original principal balance
of approximately $______, some of which are no longer outstanding, and __ series
of revolving mortgage asset-backed securities with an original principal balance
of approximately $_____, all of which are outstanding.
The indenture trustee [and the insurer] may remove the master servicer,
and the master servicer may resign, only in accordance with the terms of the
sale and servicing agreement. No removal or resignation shall become effective
until the indenture trustee or a successor master servicer acceptable to [the
insurer], or the indenture trustee, if an insurer default has occurred and is
continuing, shall have assumed the master servicer's responsibilities and
obligations in accordance therewith.
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The master servicer may not assign its obligations under the sale and
servicing agreement unless it shall have first obtained the written consent of
the indenture trustee [and the insurer], which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld. Any assignee must meet the eligibility requirements for a successor
master servicer set forth in the sale and servicing agreement. See " Provisions
of the Agreements -- Matters Regarding the Master Servicer" and "The Agreements
- -- Removal and Resignation of the Master Servicer" in the prospectus.
Upon removal or resignation of the master servicer, the indenture
trustee may solicit bids for a successor master servicer and, pending the
appointment of a successor master servicer, the indenture trustee will be
required to serve as master servicer. If the indenture trustee is unable to
obtain a qualifying bid and is prevented by law from acting as master servicer,
the indenture trustee will be required to appoint, or petition a court of
competent jurisdiction to appoint, an eligible successor. [Any successor is
required to be acceptable to the insurer, unless the insurer has defaulted in
which case the indenture trustee's decision shall control.]
The notes will not represent an interest in or obligation of, nor are
the mortgage loans guaranteed by, either the sponsor, the master servicer, the
indenture trustee or any of their affiliates. In addition, the notes will not be
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other
governmental agency or instrumentality.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO ADVANTA CORP.
On January 22, 1999, Fleet Financial Group, Inc. and certain of its
affiliates filed a lawsuit against Advanta Corp. relating to the transaction
with Fleet which closed on February 20, 1998 in which Advanta Corp. contributed
substantially all of its consumer credit card business to a limited liability
company owned by Fleet. The complaint centers around post-closing adjustments
and other matters relating to the Fleet Transaction.
Advanta Corp. has filed an answer to the Complaint denying the material
allegations of the Complaint. Advanta Corp. also has filed a countersuit against
Fleet seeking damages from Fleet. Advanta Corp. does not expect this suit to
have any material adverse effect on the financial position or future operating
results of Advanta Corp.
This prospectus supplement contains forward-looking statements that are
subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
from those projected. The most significant among these risks and uncertainties
is the uncertainty of the legal process. Additional risks that may affect
Advanta Corp.'s performance are detailed in Advanta Corp.'s filings with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, including its most recent Annual Report on
Form 10-K and its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.
The ability of Advanta Corp.'s subsidiaries to honor their financial
and other obligations is to some extent influenced by the financial condition of
Advanta Corp. Such obligations, as they are related to the trust and the notes,
primarily consist of the sponsor's obligation to repurchase mortgage loans which
are inconsistent with representations and warranties in the sale and servicing
agreement, as well as the obligations of the master servicer pursuant to the
sale and servicing agreement. As the sponsor's and/or master servicer's ability
to perform such obligations is adversely affected, the mortgage loans may
experience an increased level of delinquencies and losses.
PENDING CONSUMER MORTGAGE LENDING PROPOSALS
A number of consumer lending proposals have been proposed on the
federal and state levels, which may impact the sponsor's, the originators' and
the master servicer's origination and servicing procedures.
FEDERAL PROPOSALS. On May 4, 1999, the Clinton Administration announced
the Clinton-Gore Plan for Financial Privacy and Consumer Protection. Among other
things, the Clinton-Gore Plan would extend the scope of HOEPA, the home
ownership and equity protection act. HOEPA loans, or Section 32 loans, are
subject to special disclosure requirements under Section 129 of the federal
Truth in Lending Act. In addition, state and federal credit protection laws may
limit collection of principal and interest on the mortgage loans describing
sanctions and damages that may be imposed for violations of various mortgage
lending laws, these violations and sanctions may be imposed on the owner of a
HOEPA loan, such as the trust.
The Clinton-Gore Plan also urges Congress to adopt recommendations made
by the Federal Reserve Board and the Department of Housing and Urban Development
and to enhance disclosures made under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act.
Congressional hearings have been scheduled.
Although these proposals are not in legislative form, it is likely that
a number of them will be offered as amendments to financial modernization and
bankruptcy reform legislation. The form in which any of the foregoing will be
adopted, if at all, cannot be predicted. Accordingly, the sponsor, the master
servicer and the originators have no way to determine what, if any, impact they
will have on their origination and servicing procedures in the future.
STATE PROPOSALS. Several states are considering legislation along the
same lines as the federal HOEPA. These proposals would prohibit the collection
of some fees, the financing of points or fees, prepayment penalties, balloon
notes, and lending with the intent to foreclose. Also being considered are
statutory requirements that all HOEPA borrowers receive government approved
counseling before taking out a loan. These proposals are strongly opposed by the
mortgage lending industry and are likely to be substantially revised before
passage.
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THE HELOC LENDING PROGRAM
UNDERWRITING PROCEDURES RELATING TO HOME EQUITY REVOLVING CREDIT LINE LOANS.
The following is a description of the underwriting procedures
customarily employed by the originators, [Advanta National Bank and Advanta
Finance Corp.], in their HELOC, or home equity revolving credit line loan
program, including the mortgage loans. The underwriting process is intended to
assess the applicant's credit standing, repayment ability, the value and
adequacy of the mortgaged property as collateral, and the characteristics of any
current existing mortgages. These factors include the quality of the mortgaged
property, the length of time the mortgagor has owned the property, amount of
disposable income, type of employment, length of employment, credit history,
current and pending debt obligations, payment habits and status of past and
currently existing mortgages.
Each applicant for a HELOC is required to complete an application which
lists the applicant's liabilities, income, credit and employment history and
other demographic and personal information. If information in the loan
application demonstrates that there is sufficient income and equity in the
mortgaged property to justify making a HELOC, the originators will conduct a
further credit investigation of the applicant. This investigation will include
obtaining and reviewing an independent credit bureau report on the credit
history of the applicant in order to evaluate the applicant's ability to repay.
The credit report typically contains information about credit history with local
merchants and lenders, installment debt payments and any record of
delinquencies, defaults, bankruptcy, collateral repossessions, suits or
judgments.
Either a full appraisal, a drive-by appraisal or a statistical property
evaluation is performed on all mortgaged properties underlying the HELOCS. Full
appraisals are provided by an independent third-party, fee-based appraiser and
completed on forms approved by Federal National Mortgage Association or Federal
Home Loan Mortgage Corporation. To become approved as an appraiser by the
originators, an appraiser must submit a copy of their license and demonstrate
proof of an errors and omissions policy. Any drive-by appraisal is an exterior
examination of the premises by the appraiser to determine that the property is
in good condition. A statistical property evaluation is completed by a
third-party who performs an electronic comparison of the stated value of the
mortgaged properties with comparable properties in the area. The appraisal is
required to have been made not earlier than 120 days prior to the date of
origination of the HELOC and is based on various factors, including the market
value of comparable homes and the cost of replacing the home. In the event that
an originator provided an applicant with a first lien mortgage loan, the
appraisal for the first lien mortgage loan may be used as the basis of a junior
lien HELOC on the same property. If the first lien mortgage loan was originated
more than twelve months prior to the date of origination of the HELOC, the
originators will perform a statistical property evaluation and increase or
decrease the property value accordingly.
After obtaining all applicable employment, credit and property
information required by the applicable underwriting guidelines, the originators
may use a debt-to-income ratio to assist in determining whether the prospective
borrower has sufficient monthly income available to support the payments of
principal and interest on the HELOC, any senior mortgage loan payments,
including any escrows for property taxes and hazard insurance premiums, and any
other monthly credit obligations. The debt-to-income ratio is the ratio of the
borrower's total monthly payments, assumed to be based on the applicable fully
indexed coupon rate plus a margin, to the borrower's gross monthly income. The
underwriting guidelines state that the maximum monthly debt-to-income ratio is
50%, although variations in the monthly debt-to-income ratios limits are
permitted based on compensating factors.
The policy of each originator is to obtain an insured property report
before the originator makes a HELOC for amounts less than or equal to $50,000.
Advanta Finance Corp. generally requires a full title
S-12
<PAGE> 62
policy for each HELOC, and Advanta National Bank generally requires a full title
policy for HELOCs in amounts greater than $50,000. In addition, each originator
requires proof of hazard insurance at the time of origination. Flood insurance
is required in jurisdictions designated as flood zones and may be provided
through a blanket insurance policy maintained by the master servicer.
SERVICING OF THE HELOCS. The master servicer has established standard
policies for the servicing and collection of the HELOC mortgage loans. Servicing
includes, but is not limited to,
- - the collection and aggregation of payments relating to the HELOCs;
- - the supervision of delinquent HELOCs, loss mitigation efforts, foreclosure
proceedings and, if applicable, the disposition of mortgaged properties;
and
- - the preparation of tax information in connection with the HELOCs.
Billing statements are mailed monthly to the mortgagors. The statement
details all debits and credits and specifies the minimum payment due and the
available credit line. Notice of changes in the applicable loan coupon rate are
provided to the mortgagor with these statements. Payments are due on varying
days of the month.
The master servicer's policy on HELOCs is to initiate foreclosure on
the underlying property
- - after a loan has become 90 days delinquent and, in the judgment of the
master servicer, satisfactory arrangements cannot be made with the
mortgagor,
- - if a notice of default on a senior lien is received by the master servicer,
or
- - if circumstances are discovered by the master servicer which would indicate
that a potential for loss exists.
Foreclosure proceedings may be terminated if the delinquency is cured.
Mortgagors that have become insolvent may have their mortgage loans restructured
in accordance with applicable law and with a view to maximizing recovery of
these mortgage loans.
Once foreclosure is initiated by the master servicer, a foreclosure
tracking system is used to monitor the progress of the proceedings. The system
includes state specific parameters to monitor whether proceedings are
progressing within the time frame typical for the state in which the property is
located. During the foreclosure proceeding, the master servicer determines the
amount of the foreclosure bid and whether to liquidate the loan.
After foreclosure, if the HELOC is secured by a first mortgage lien,
the master servicer may liquidate the mortgaged property and charge-off the
balance of the HELOC which was not recovered through liquidation proceeds. If
the mortgaged property was subject to a senior lien, the master servicer will
either directly manage the foreclosure sale of the property and satisfy the lien
at the time of sale or take other action as deemed necessary to protect the
interest in the mortgaged property. If in the judgment of the master servicer,
the cost of maintaining or purchasing the senior lien position exceeds the
economic benefit of the action, the master servicer will charge off the entire
HELOC. In these instances, the master servicer will not pursue any recovery
against the mortgaged property, but may seek a money judgment against the
mortgagor if allowed by law.
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<PAGE> 63
Servicing policies, charge-off policies and collection practices may
change over time in accordance with, among other things, the master servicer's
business judgment, changes in the portfolio and applicable laws and regulations.
The master servicer may not change its policies if the change would adversely
affect the interest of the holders [or the insurer]. Any change must be
consistent with accepted servicing practices, the terms of the HELOCs and the
terms of the sale and servicing agreement.
DELINQUENCIES AND LOSSES ON THE OWNED AND MANAGED HELOC SERVICING
PORTFOLIO. The following tables set forth information relating to the
delinquency, loan loss and foreclosure experience of the master servicer for its
servicing portfolio of HELOCs for the three months ending [date], and for the
prior two years ended December 31. The owned and managed HELOC portfolio
includes, but is not limited to, HELOCs originated on or prior to [date].
Delinquencies, foreclosures and losses are expected to occur more
frequently after the first full year of the life of mortgage loans. Accordingly,
because a large number of mortgage loans serviced by the master servicer have
been recently originated, the current level of delinquencies, foreclosures and
losses may not be representative of the levels which may be experienced over the
lives of these mortgage loans. If the master servicer's portfolio of new loans
does not continue to grow at the rate experienced in recent years, the levels of
delinquencies, foreclosures and losses as percentages of the portfolio could
rise significantly above the rates indicated in the tables.
There can be no assurance that the delinquency, foreclosure and loss
experience of the mortgage loans will correspond to the delinquency, foreclosure
and loss experience of the servicing portfolios of the master servicer set forth
in the tables below. The statistics shown below represent the respective
delinquency, foreclosure and loss experience only at the dates presented,
whereas the aggregate delinquency, foreclosure and loss experience on the
mortgage loans will depend on the results obtained over the life of the trust.
The following servicing portfolio information includes mortgage loans with
characteristics which are not necessarily representative of the mortgage loans.
The servicing portfolio information includes mortgage loans underwritten under
guidelines which have changed over time and may not necessarily be
representative of the guidelines used to originate the mortgage loans. It should
be noted that if the residential real estate market should experience an overall
decline in property values, the actual rates of delinquencies, foreclosures and
losses could be higher than those previously experienced by the master servicer.
In addition, adverse economic conditions may affect the timely payment by
mortgagors of scheduled payments of principal and interest on the mortgage loans
and, accordingly, the actual rates of delinquencies, foreclosures and losses on
mortgage loans.
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<PAGE> 64
DELINQUENCY AND FORECLOSURE EXPERIENCE OF THE
MASTER SERVICER'S OWNED AND MANAGED HELOC PORTFOLIO
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDING YEAR ENDING YEAR ENDING
[DATE] [DATE] [DATE]
---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------
NUMBER DOLLAR NUMBER DOLLAR NUMBER DOLLAR
OF AMOUNT OF AMOUNT OF AMOUNT
LOANS (000) LOANS (000) LOANS (000)
---------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Portfolio...............
Delinquency percentage
30-59 days............
60-89 days............
90 days or more.......
Total...................
Foreclosure rate........
REO properties..........
</TABLE>
[discuss trends]
The period of delinquency is based on the number of days payments are
contractually past due. The delinquency statistics for the period exclude loans
in foreclosure. Foreclosure rate is the number of mortgage loans in foreclosure
as a percentage of the total number of mortgage loans or the dollar amount of
mortgage loans in foreclosure as a percentage the total dollar amount of the
mortgage loans. REO, or real estate owned properties are properties for which
the mortgages have been foreclosed or for which deeds in lieu of foreclosure
have been accepted and are being held by the master servicer pending
disposition. Percentages are calculated using the number of loans, not the
dollar amount.
LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE OF THE MASTER SERVICER'S
OWNED AND MANAGED HELOC PORTFOLIO
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDING YEAR ENDING YEAR ENDING
[DATE] [DATE] [DATE]
--------------------- --------------------- ---------------------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Average amount outstanding..
Net losses..................
Net losses as a percentage of
average amount
outstanding...............
</TABLE>
[discuss trends]
Average amount outstanding during the period is the arithmetic average
of the principal balances and accrued interest of the mortgage loans outstanding
on the last business day of each month during the period.
Net losses represent amounts which have been determined to be
uncollectible relating to mortgage loans for each respective period minus
recoveries from liquidation proceeds and deficiency judgments. The [date]
percentage has been based on annualized net losses.
S-15
<PAGE> 65
DESCRIPTION OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS
The statistical information presented in this prospectus supplement
concerning the pool of mortgage loans is as of [date], the cut-off date. The
aggregate Principal Balance of the pool as of the cut-off date is $________.
Unless otherwise specified, the statistical information in this prospectus
supplement is based upon this principal balance.
The mortgage loans were originated under credit line agreements and are
secured by mortgages or deeds of trust, which are either first or junior
mortgages or deeds of trust, on mortgaged properties. The mortgaged properties
are the properties securing the mortgage loans and consist primarily of
residential properties that are one- to four-family properties.
The mortgage loans arise under the terms of the credit line agreements.
Interest on each mortgage loan, excluding introductory coupon rates offered from
time to time during promotional periods, is computed and payable monthly on the
average daily outstanding Principal Balance of the mortgage loan.
From time to time prior to the expiration of the draw period specified
in the credit line agreement, principal amounts on the mortgage loan may be
repaid, with the result that the Principal Balance of the mortgage loan will be
reduced, and additional amounts may be borrowed, with the result that the
Principal Balance of the mortgage loan will be increased. These additional
borrowings are known as draws. New draws under the mortgage loans will
automatically become property of the trust, but the trust will not be required
to advance funds to the sponsor in connection with these draws. As a result, the
aggregate Principal Balance of the mortgage loans will fluctuate from day to day
as new draws by the mortgagors thereunder are added to the trust and principal
payments received are applied in reduction of the aggregate Principal Balance.
During the draw period specified in the credit line agreement, the
mortgagor is obligated to pay the amount of interest which accrues on the
mortgage loan during the billing cycle, and may, but is not obligated to, also
pay all or a portion of the principal. The interest only payment obligation
terminates at the end of the draw period specified in the credit line agreement,
after which the mortgagor must begin paying at least a minimum monthly portion
of the outstanding Principal Balance of the mortgage loan in addition to
required interest payments.
The mortgage loans bear interest at a coupon rate, which is the sum of
(1) the index rate, which is a variable rate based on the prime rate or a base
rate specified in the credit line agreement, published in the Money Rates table
of the applicable edition of The Wall Street Journal and (2) a margin. The
coupon rate on each mortgage loan may change monthly, increases in the index
rate may be subject to limitations or caps. The monthly periodic caps for the
mortgage loans range from ___% to ___% and the weighted average periodic cap is
___%. The annual coupon rate cap for the mortgage loans range from ___% to ___%
and the weighted average annual coupon rate cap is ___%. The mortgage loans will
be subject to a maximum per annum coupon rate and are subject to applicable
usury limitations. See "Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans -- Applicability of
Usury Laws" in the prospectus.
In the tables below, the credit limit utilization rate is determined by
dividing the Principal Balance of a mortgage loan by the credit limit of the
mortgage loan. The credit limit on a mortgage loan is the maximum dollar amount
of draws permitted to be made by the mortgagor. The combined loan-to-value ratio
or CLTV for a mortgage loan is the ratio of (A) the sum of (1) the credit limit
of the mortgage loan and (2) any outstanding principal balances of mortgage
loans senior to the mortgage loan, calculated at the date of origination of the
mortgage loan, to (B) the lesser of (1) the appraised value of the
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<PAGE> 66
Mortgaged Property at the time of origination or (2) in the case of a Mortgaged
Property purchased within one year of the origination of the mortgage loan, the
purchase price of the Mortgaged Property.
Geographic location is determined by the address of the mortgaged
property securing the mortgage loan. The mortgaged properties are located in __
states.
The following tables provide a description of the principal
characteristics of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date:
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
STATE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------- --------------- ----------------- ------------------
PRINCIPAL BALANCES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
RANGE OF PRINCIPAL BALANCES MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
-------------------------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- -----------------
-------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Principal Balance:
Maximum Principal Balance:
Average Principal Balance:
</TABLE>
COMBINED LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIOS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF COMBINED
LOAN-TO-VALUE NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
RATIOS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
-------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum CLTV:
Maximum CLTV:
Weighted average CLTV:
</TABLE>
PROPERTY TYPE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
PROPERTY TYPE MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
-------------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
LIEN PRIORITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
LIEN PRIORITY MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------- --------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
MORTGAGE LOAN COUPON RATES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
RANGE OF MORTGAGE LOAN COUPON MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
RATES
------------------------------------ ---------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Mortgage Loan Coupon Rate:
Maximum Mortgage Loan Coupon Rate:
Weighted Average Mortgage Loan
Coupon Rate:
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 67
CREDIT LIMITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
RANGE OF CREDIT LIMITS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------------------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Credit Limit:
Maximum Credit Limit:
Average Credit Limit:
</TABLE>
MAXIMUM MORTGAGE LOAN COUPON RATES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER
OF MORTGAGE PERCENT OF POOL BY
RANGE OF MAXIMUM MORTGAGE LOAN COUPON LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
RATES
----------------------------------------- ------------ ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Mortgage Loan Coupon Rate:
Maximum Mortgage Loan Coupon Rate:
Weighted Average Maximum Mortgage Loan
Coupon Rate:
</TABLE>
MARGIN
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER PERCENT OF POOL BY
RANGE OF MARGINS OF MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
--------------------------- ------------------ ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Margin:
Maximum Margin:
Weighted Average Margin:
</TABLE>
CREDIT LIMIT UTILIZATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF CREDIT LIMIT NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
UTILIZATION MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
---------------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Credit Limit Utilization:
Maximum Credit Limit Utilization:
Average Credit Limit Utilization:
</TABLE>
MONTHS REMAINING TO SCHEDULED MATURITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
RANGE OF MONTHS REMAINING NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
TO SCHEDULED MATURITY MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Remaining Term:
Maximum Remaining Term:
Weighted Average Remaining Term:
</TABLE>
OCCUPANCY STATUS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
OCCUPANCY STATUS MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------------- --------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
DISTRIBUTION OF SEASONING
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MONTHS ELAPSED NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
SINCE ORIGINATION MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
----------------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minimum Seasoning:
Maximum Seasoning:
Weighted Average Seasoning:
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 68
DELINQUENCY STATUS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF POOL BY
NUMBER OF DAYS DELINQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS PRINCIPAL BALANCE PRINCIPAL BALANCE
------------------------------ --------------- ----------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
</TABLE>
MATURITY AND PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The weighted average life may be affected by:
- the rate and timing of payments of principal on the mortgage loans;
- prepayments and amounts received by virtue of refinancings,
liquidations of mortgage loans due to defaults, casualties,
condemnations and repurchases;
- the rate at which mortgagors make draws;
- the amount and timing of delinquencies and defaults by mortgagors; and
- the application of Accelerated Principal Payments on the notes.
The effective yield of the notes may be affected by a higher or lower
than anticipated rate of principal payments, including prepayments, on the
mortgage loans. The rate of principal payments on the mortgage loans will be
affected by the amortization schedules of the mortgage loans, the rate and
timing of prepayments by the mortgagors, the enforcement, or lack of
enforcement, of due-on-sale clauses, liquidation of defaulted mortgage loans and
optional or required repurchases of mortgage loans. The timing of changes in the
rate of principal payments and the timing of losses could significantly affect
the yield to an investor, even if the average rate of principal payments
experienced over time is consistent with an investor's expectation. Since the
rate and timing of principal payments on the mortgage loans will depend on
future events and on a variety of factors, no assurance can be given as to the
rate or the timing of prepayments on the notes.
The mortgage loans generally may be prepaid in full or in part at any
time. Some mortgage loans secured by mortgaged properties in some jurisdictions
may be subject to termination fees to the extent permitted by law. The
termination fees in most instances do not exceed $500 and do not apply to
mortgage loans terminated subsequent to a date designated in the credit line
agreement. Any termination fees paid by the mortgagor will be retained by the
master servicer as servicing compensation.
The actual rate of prepayments on pools of mortgage loans is influenced
by a variety of economic, tax, geographic, demographic, social, legal and other
factors and has fluctuated considerably in recent years. In addition, the rate
of prepayments may differ among pools of mortgage loans at any time because of
specific factors relating to the mortgage loans in the particular pool.
No one can determine in advance the rate of principal payments on the
mortgage loans, or the yield to maturity of the notes. We suggest that you make
your investment decision based on your own determination as to anticipated
mortgage loan prepayment rates and the effect of those prepayment rates on the
yield of the notes. In addition, investors should carefully consider the factors
discussed under "Risk Factors -- Prepayments Affect Timing and Rate of Return on
Your Investment" in this prospectus supplement.
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<PAGE> 69
THE Notes
On each payment date, the holders will be entitled to receive the
Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount for that payment date. See "Description
of the Notes -- Payment of Principal".
The notes will be likely, over time, to represent a declining
percentage of the pool. This is because payments of principal are based on a
fixed allocation percentage of __%, which is larger than the actual percentage
of the pool represented by the notes. This difference will result, in most
cases, in larger distributions of principal to the holders than they would
receive if they received the actual percentage of the amortizing balance of the
pool represented by their notes. This is especially true during the rapid
amortization period. In addition, the holders may receive a payment of Excess
Cashflow as an Accelerated Principal Payment on any payment date if the
Specified Overcollateralization Amount exceeds the Overcollateralization Amount.
If mortgagors make more draws than principal payments during any month,
the Pool Balance may grow. If the Pool Balance grows, Principal Collections
which are paid through to the holders will also grow. Even if the Pool Balance
backing the notes increases, we cannot issue more notes, so the holders of the
notes will receive principal at a faster rate. If the Pool Balance grows, the
sponsor or the originator may remove mortgage loans from the pool at any time
during the life of the trust, so long as the dollar amount of the
Overcollateralization Amount exceeds the then Specified Overcollateralization
Amount. These removals may affect the rate at which principal is distributed to
the holders by reducing the overall Pool Balance and thus the amount of
Principal Collections. See "Description of the Notes -- Optional Transfers of
Mortgage Loans to the Sponsor or the Related Originator."
Collections on the mortgage loans may vary because, among other things,
borrowers may make payments during any month as low as the minimum monthly
payment for the month or as high as the entire outstanding Principal Balance,
plus accrued interest and the fees and charges. It is possible that borrowers
may fail to make scheduled payments. Collections on the mortgage loans may vary
due to seasonal purchasing and payment habits of borrowers.
EFFECT OF OVERCOLLATERALIZATION FEATURE
All or a portion of the Excess Cashflow may be applied as an
Accelerated Principal Payment in reduction of the outstanding Note Balance to
the extent of the excess of the Specified Overcollateralization Amount over the
Overcollateralization Amount, the weighted average life of the notes will also
be influenced by the amount of the Excess Cashflow so applied. Until the
Specified Overcollaterization Amount is reached, Excess Cashflow attributable to
the overcollateralization feature is derived, in part, from interest collections
on the mortgage loans and will be applied to reduce the outstanding Note
Balance. Therefore, the aggregate payments in reduction of the outstanding Note
Balance on a payment date will usually be greater than the aggregate amount of
Principal Collections, including prepayments, on the mortgage loans payable
during the Remittance Period. As a consequence, Excess Cashflow available for
payment in reduction of the outstanding Note Balance will increase in proportion
to the outstanding Note Balance over time, to the extent the Excess Cash Flow is
not applied to offset losses on the mortgage loans.
Accelerated Principal Payments will be paid on the notes in reduction
of the Note Balance on each payment date to the extent the then applicable
Specified Overcollateralization Amount exceeds the Overcollateralization Amount
on the payment date. If a note is purchased at other than par, its yield to
maturity will be affected by the rate at which Accelerated Principal Payments
are paid to the holders. If the actual rate of Accelerated Principal Payments on
the notes applied in reduction of the outstanding Note Balance is slower than
the rate anticipated by an investor who purchases a note at a discount, the
actual yield to the investor will be lower than the investor's anticipated
yield. If the actual rate of Accelerated Principal Payments applied in reduction
of the outstanding Note Balance is faster than the
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<PAGE> 70
rate anticipated by an investor who purchases a note at a premium, the actual
yield to the investor will be lower than the investor's anticipated yield. The
amount of Excess Cashflow which is available to fund Accelerated Principal
Payments on any payment date will be affected by, among other things, the actual
amount of interest received, collected or recovered in respect of the mortgage
loans during the Remittance Period and the amount will be influenced by changes
in LIBOR as well as changes in the weighted average of the coupon rates of the
mortgage loans.
The amount of Accelerated Principal Payments paid to the holders and
applied to the outstanding Note Balance on each payment date will be based on
the Specified Overcollateralization Amount. The Specified Overcollateralization
Amount may, over time, decrease, or increase, subject to floors, caps and
triggers, including triggers that allow the Specified Overcollateralization
Amount to decrease or step down based on the performance on the mortgage loans
based on delinquency and loss rates. Any increase in the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount may result in an accelerated amortization until the
Specified Overcollateralization Amount is reached. Conversely, any decrease in
the Specified Overcollateralization Amount will result in a decelerated
amortization of the notes until the Specified Overcollateralization Amount is
reached.
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
The notes will be subject to optional redemption by the master servicer
or an affiliated sub-servicer on any payment date after the Note Balance is
reduced to an amount less than or equal to 10% of the Original Note Balance. The
first payment date when an optional redemption may be exercised is referred to
as the Clean-Up Call Date. The redemption will only occur if the trust property
is sold on behalf of the trust for a price at least equal to the sum of the
outstanding Note Balance and accrued and unpaid interest at the Note Interest
Rate through the day preceding the final payment date, [plus all amounts due and
owing to the insurer and unreimbursed draws on the policy, together with
interest].
DECREMENT TABLE
The following table is based on the conditional prepayment rates
indicated below, and a constant draw rate, which for purposes of the assumptions
is the amount of Additional Balances on the mortgage loans drawn each month
expressed as an annual percentage of the total principal of the pool of mortgage
loans outstanding at the beginning of each month. The CPR, or conditional
prepayment rate, is a prepayment assumption, which represents an assumed rate of
prepayment relative to the then-outstanding principal balance on a pool of new
loans. For example, 0% CPR indicates no prepayments, 5% indicates prepayments at
an annual rate of 5%, and so on. Further, the mortgage loans are assumed to have
a weighted average initial coupon rate of _____%, weighted average margin of
____%, and as of the cut-off date, weighted average remaining terms to maturity
of ___ months.
In addition, it was assumed that
- - the distributions are made in accordance with the description under
"Description of the Notes -- Flow of Funds,"
- - distributions of principal and interest on the notes will be made on the
25th day of each calendar month regardless of the day the payment date
actually occurs,
- - no extension past the scheduled maturity date of a mortgage loan is made,
- - no delinquencies occur,
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- - scheduled monthly payments on the mortgage loans are comprised of
interest-only payments; the only principal payments on the mortgage loans
are those represented by prepayments calculated under each of the
prepayment assumptions as set forth in the tables below before giving
effect to draws,
- - monthly draws occur before giving effect to prepayments,
- - the term of the draw period specified in the credit line agreement of each
mortgage loan is __ months from the Closing Date and no extension of the
draw period is made,
- - the scheduled due date of the mortgage loans is the twenty-fifth day of
each month,
- - each month consists of 30 days,
- - the closing date is [date],
- - for each payment date the Note Interest Rate is ____%, and
- - the prime rate remains constant at ____%.
The above assumptions do not purport to be a historical description of
prepayment experience or a prediction of the anticipated rate of prepayment of
any pool loans, including the mortgage loans. There will be discrepancies
between the characteristics of the actual mortgage loans and the characteristics
assumed in preparing the following table. Any discrepancy may have an effect
upon the percentage of the Original Note Balance, and the weighted average life,
of the notes set forth in the table. In addition, since the actual mortgage
loans will have characteristics that differ from those assumed in preparing the
table set forth below, the notes may mature earlier or later than indicated by
the table. Variations in the prepayment experience and the principal balance of
the mortgage loans that prepay may increase or decrease the percentages of
Original Note Balance, and weighted average lives, shown in the following table.
These variations may occur even if the average prepayment experience of all
these mortgage loans equals any of the specified CPR percentages. The tables
below have been prepared based on the assumptions described above, including the
assumptions regarding the characteristics and performance of the mortgage loans,
which may differ from the actual characteristics and performance of the mortgage
loans, and should be read in conjunction with them.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF ORIGINAL NOTE BALANCE
AMORTIZATION SCHEDULE
CONDITIONAL PREPAYMENT RATE (%CPR)
PAYMENT DATE 10% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%
------------ ------ ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted Average Life (in
years) to Redemption..
Weighted Average Life (in
years) to Maturity....
</TABLE>
All percentages in the above table are rounded to the nearest 1%. The
calculation of weighted average life to redemption assumes that optional
redemption, when the Note Balance equals __% of the Original Note Balance, is
exercised on the first possible payment date and a constant draw rate of __%.
The calculation of the weighted average life to maturity assumes that the notes
pay to maturity and a constant draw rate of 5%.
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<PAGE> 72
DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES
The notes will be issued under the indenture. The following summaries
describe the material provisions of the indenture.
The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of $____ and
multiples of $____ in excess of the minimum denominations. Physical notes, if
issued, will be transferable and exchangeable at the corporate trust office of
the registrar, which is the indenture trustee, until the indenture trustee
appoints a successor acceptable to the insurer. No service charge will be made
for any registration of exchange or transfer of notes, but the indenture trustee
may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge.
OPTIONAL TRANSFERS OF MORTGAGE LOANS TO THE SPONSOR OR THE RELATED ORIGINATOR
Subject to conditions, [and upon notice to the insurer] and as
otherwise required in the sale and servicing agreement, on any payment date, the
sponsor or any originator may, but shall not be obligated to, except upon a
breach of a representation or warranty, remove from the trust a portion of the
mortgage loans without notice to the holders. The sponsor or the originator is
permitted to designate the mortgage loans to be removed. Mortgage loans so
designated will only be removed upon satisfaction of conditions specified in the
sale and servicing agreement, including:
- - the Overcollateralization Amount as of the payment date, after giving
effect to the removal, equals or exceeds the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount;
- - the sponsor or the originator shall represent and warrant that random
selection procedures were used in selecting the mortgage loans and no other
selection procedures which are adverse to the interests of the holders [or
the insurer] were used by the sponsor or the originator in selecting the
mortgage loans; and
- - no Rapid Amortization Event has occurred or will occur as a result of the
removal.
PAYMENTS ON MORTGAGE LOANS; DEPOSITS TO PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ACCOUNT
All collections on the mortgage loans will be allocated in accordance
with the terms of the credit line agreements between amounts collected as
payment of interest and amounts collected as payment of principal. As to any
payment date, Interest Collections will be equal to the amounts collected and
allocated as interest during the Remittance Period, excluding payments of
interest collected prior to the cut-off date. Interest collections will
include the portion of Net Liquidation Proceeds allocable to interest, and for
mortgage loans that are 180 or more days delinquent, total Net Liquidation
Proceeds, under the terms of the credit line agreements less servicing fees for
the Remittance Period.
As to any payment date, Principal Collections will be equal to the
amounts collected as payment of principal during the Remittance Period,
including the portion of Net Liquidation Proceeds, other than for
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<PAGE> 73
mortgage loans that are 180 or more days delinquent, allocated to principal
under the terms of the credit line agreements.
Net Liquidation Proceeds for a mortgage loan are equal to the
Liquidation Proceeds, reduced by out-of-pocket expenses and advances, but not
including the portion, if any, of the amount that exceeds the sum of (1) the
Principal Balance of the mortgage loan and (2) any accrued and unpaid interest
to the end of the Remittance Period during which the mortgage loan became a
Liquidated Mortgage Loan.
Liquidation Proceeds are the proceeds, excluding any amounts drawn on
the policy, received in connection with the liquidation of any Liquidated
Mortgage Loan, whether through trustee's sale, foreclosure sale or otherwise.
The master servicer will deposit Interest Collections and Principal
Collections in respect of the mortgage loans in an account in the name of the
trust known as the principal and interest account.
The indenture trustee will deposit amounts received from the master
servicer on the determination dates and any amounts drawn under the policy into
an account in the name of the trust known as the note account.
The Pool Balance on any day will be equal to the aggregate of the
Principal Balances of all mortgage loans on that day.
DISTRIBUTIONS ON THE NOTES
Beginning with the first payment date, which will occur on [date],
distributions on the notes will be made by the indenture trustee on each payment
date to the persons in whose names the notes are registered at the close of
business on the record date. The record date will be the Business Day
immediately preceding the payment date. Payment dates occur on the twenty-fifth
day of each month or, if the day is not a Business Day, then the following
Business Day. Distributions will be made by check, wire transfer or otherwise
upon the request of an owner owning notes having denominations aggregating at
least $1,000,000 and notice received by the indenture trustee at least five
Business Days prior to the record date. The final distribution in respect of the
notes will be made only upon presentation and surrender of the notes at the
office or the agency of the indenture trustee specified in the notice to holders
of the final distribution.
OVERCOLLATERALIZATION FEATURE
The Overcollateralization Amount is equal to the amount by which the
Pool Balance exceeds the Note Balance. The insurer will require that the
Overcollateralization Amount be maintained at the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount.
The Overcollateralization Amount for the notes as of the closing date
will be less than the initial Specified Overcollateralization Amount, thus
requiring an increase in the Overcollateralization Amount on future payment
dates until the Overcollateralization Amount equals the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount.
Excess Cashflow, will equal the sum of the excess of Interest
Collections on the mortgage loans over the sum of interest payable for the notes
plus fees, plus Principal Collections not required to be applied to principal
amortization for the notes or to
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<PAGE> 74
Reimbursement Amounts. Excess cashflow will be applied as a payment of
principal on the notes on each payment date to maintain the
Overcollateralization Amount, or to increase it to the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount. The amount of the Excess Cashflow applied as a
payment of principal on a payment date is an Accelerated Principal Payment. The
requirement to maintain the Overcollateralization Amount at the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount, or to increase it to the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount, is not an obligation of the sponsor, the
originators, Advanta Holding Trust [series], the master servicer, the indenture
trustee, the owner trustee or any other person, including the insurer.
Since the Overcollateralization Amount is equal to the difference
between the Pool Balance and the outstanding Note Balance, the
Overcollateralization Amount may be increased to the Specified
Overcollateralization Amount by accelerating the amortization of the outstanding
Note Balance with Accelerated Principal Payments.
The insurer may permit the Specified Overcollateralization Amount to
decrease or step down over time, subject to floors and triggers. The dollar
amount of any decrease in the Specified Overcollateralization Amount is an
Overcollateralization Reduction Amount which may result in the removal of cash
or mortgage loans from the lien of the trust on payment dates occurring
after the step-downs take effect. The dollar amount of any Overcollateralization
Reduction Amount will be released to the certificateholders from the monthly
cashflow, which will reduce the Overcollateralization Amount.
INTEREST DISTRIBUTIONS
Interest on the notes will be payable monthly on the payment date
commencing on [date]. On each payment date, holders are entitled to the Interest
Distribution Amount, the Interest Shortfall Amount, and to the extent funds are
available, the Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount.
For any payment date, the Interest Distribution Amount is the interest
then due on the notes, calculated using the Note Interest Rate and exclusive of
any Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount.
The Note Interest Rate for an Interest Accrual Period is equal to the
lesser of:
- - (x) for any payment date which occurs on or prior to the Clean-Up Call
Date, the per annum rate equal to the sum of (a) LIBOR and (b) ____% and
(y) for any payment date thereafter, the sum of (a) LIBOR and (b) ____% and
- - the per annum rate, equal to (x) (A) the product of (i) twelve and (ii) the
interest due on the mortgage loans during the prior Remittance Period,
minus the amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and Relief Act
Shortfalls for the Remittance Period, net of the servicing fee, the fee
payable to the indenture trustee, the fee payable to the owner trustee and
the premium payable to the insurer under the policy, divided by (B) the
Pool Balance as of the opening of the prior Remittance Period, less (y)
___%.
For any payment date, the Interest Shortfall Amount is equal to the sum
of (1) the amount by which the Interest Distribution Amount on the date exceeded
the actual amount distributed as an interest payment on the date and (2) any
unreimbursed Interest Shortfall Amounts from prior payment dates together with
interest thereon at the Note Interest Rate.
Prepayment Interest Shortfalls means shortfalls in interest collections
that result from the timing of prepayments.
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<PAGE> 75
Relief Act Shortfalls are interest shortfalls resulting from the
application of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940. See "Legal
Aspects of Mortgage Loans -- Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940" in
the prospectus.
Carry-Forward Feature. In the event that, on any payment date, the Net
Funds Cap Rate is less than the Formula Rate, i.e., the Note Interest Rate
equals the Net Funds Cap Rate, the excess of the amount of interest due based on
the Formula Rate, over the interest due based on the Net Funds Cap Rate,
together with interest at the then-applicable Formula Rate, will be
carried-forward and paid on future payment dates, to the extent of available
funds. Neither the insurer nor the master servicer guarantees the payment of,
nor do the ratings assigned to the notes address the likelihood of payment of,
any Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount.
Interest Accrual Period. Interest on the notes for any payment date
will accrue from the preceding payment date, or in the case of the first payment
date, from the closing date, through the day preceding the payment date based on
the actual number of days in the Interest Accrual Period and a 360-day year.
CALCULATION OF THE LIBOR RATE FOR THE NOTES
On each Interest Determination Date, which is the second business day
preceding each payment date or, in the case of the first payment date, on the
second business day preceding the closing date, the indenture trustee will
determine the London interbank offered rate for one-month U.S. dollar deposits,
or LIBOR, for the next Interest Accrual Period. LIBOR will be established on the
basis of the offered rates of the Reference Banks for one-month U.S. dollar
deposits, as they appear on the Telerate Screen 3750, as of 11:00 a.m., London
time. As used in this section, business day means a day on which banks are open
for dealing in foreign currency and exchange in London and New York City; and
Reference Banks means leading banks, selected by the indenture trustee after
consultation with the master servicer, which are engaged in transactions in
Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurocurrency market (1) with an
established place of business in London, (2) which have been designated by the
indenture trustee after consultation with the master servicer and (3) which are
not controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, the sponsor.
On each Interest Determination Date, the trustee will determine LIBOR
for the next Interest Accrual Period as follows:
1) On the basis of offered rates for one month United States dollar
deposits, as this rate appears on Telerate page 3750, as of 11:00 a.m. London
time
2) If the rate does not appear on Telerate Page 3750 as of 11:00 a.m.
London time, LIBOR will be the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations of two
or more reference banks, rounded to the nearest whole multiple of 1/16%.
3) If on the Interest Determination Date fewer than two Reference Banks
provide offered quotations, LIBOR for the Interest Accrual Period will be the
higher of (x) LIBOR as determined on the previous Interest Determination Date
and (y) the Reserve Interest Rate. The Reserve Interest Rate is the rate per
annum that the indenture trustee determines to be either the arithmetic mean,
rounded to the nearest whole multiple of 1/16%, of the one-month U.S. dollar
lending rates which New York City banks selected by the indenture trustee are
quoting on the Interest Determination Date to the principal London offices of
leading banks in the London interbank market or, in the event that the indenture
trustee cannot determine the arithmetic mean, the lowest one-month U.S. dollar
lending rate which New York City banks selected by the indenture trustee are
quoting on the Interest Determination Date to leading European banks.
The establishment of LIBOR on each Interest Determination Date by the
indenture trustee and the indenture trustee's calculation of the rate of
interest applicable to the notes for the related Interest Accrual Period will,
in the absence of manifest error, be final and binding. Each such rate of
interest may be obtained by telephoning the indenture trustee at ____________.
PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL
I. Scheduled Principal.
On each payment date, the holders will be entitled to receive the
Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount for the payment date.
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<PAGE> 76
The term of the notes has been divided into two periods, the managed
amortization period and the rapid amortization period. The managed amortization
period is the period commencing on [date], i.e., the initial payment date, and
ending on the earlier to occur of (x) the [date] payment date and (y) the
payment date which immediately precedes the occurrence of a Rapid Amortization
Event. The rapid amortization period is the period which follows the end of the
managed amortization period.
The Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount shall equal (A) on any
payment date during the managed amortization period, the excess, but in no event
less than zero, of (x) the lesser of (1) the maximum principal payment and (2)
the Net Principal Collections over (y) the Overcollateralization Reduction
Amount, if any, for the payment date or (B) on any payment date during the rapid
amortization period, the excess of (x) the maximum principal payment over (y)
the Overcollateralization Reduction Amount, if any, for the payment date. For
any payment date, the maximum principal payment will equal ____%, the fixed
allocation percentage of the Principal Collections relating to the payment date.
For any payment date, the Net Principal Collections is the excess of (x)
Principal Collections over (y) the aggregate principal amount of all Additional
Balances arising during the Remittance Period; although in no event will Net
Principal Collections be less than zero on a payment date. The aggregate
distributions designated as principal to the holders will not exceed the
Original Note Balance.
The Remittance Period with respect to any payment date is the calendar
month preceding the month of the payment date.
The Original Note Balance is at least equal to ____% of the Cut-off
Date Pool Balance. As of any date, the Note Balance is equal to the Original
Note Balance minus the aggregate of amounts previously distributed as principal
to the holders.
In addition, on the final scheduled payment date ,which is [date], the
holders will be entitled to receive a payment of principal in an amount equal to
the outstanding Note Balance. The final scheduled payment date is the twelfth
payment date following the Remittance Period which corresponds to the latest
possible maturity date of a mortgage loan which amortizes according to its
terms.
RAPID AMORTIZATION EVENTS
As described above, the managed amortization period will continue
through the payment date in [date], unless a Rapid Amortization Event occurs
prior to the date in which case the rapid amortization period will commence
immediately. A Rapid Amortization Event refers to any of the following events:
(a) failure on the part of sponsor or the master servicer (1) to make a
payment or deposit required under the sale and servicing agreement
within five Business Days after the date the payment or deposit is
required to be made or (2) to observe or perform in any material
respect any other covenants or agreements of the sponsor set forth in
the sale and servicing agreement, which failure continues unremedied
for a period of 60 days after written notice;
(b) any representation or warranty made by the sponsor in the sale and
servicing agreement proves to have been incorrect in any material
respect when made and continues to be incorrect in any material respect
for a period of 60 days after receipt of written notice and as a result
of which the interests of the holders or the insurer are materially and
adversely affected; a Rapid Amortization
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<PAGE> 77
Event will not occur if the representation and warranty relates to a
mortgage loan and the sponsor has purchased or made a substitution for
the mortgage loan during the period, or within an additional 60 days
with the consent of the indenture trustee and the insurer, in
accordance with the provisions of the sale and servicing agreement;
(c) the occurrence of events of bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership
relating to the originators or the sponsor;
(d) the trust becomes subject to regulation by the Securities and Exchange
Commission as an investment company within the meaning of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
(e) the occurrence of an event permitting the removal of the master
servicer. See "Provisions of the Agreements -- Matters Regarding the
Master Servicer" in this prospectus supplement;
(f) a draw under the policy; and
(g) a default in the payment of any interest on the notes when the same
becomes due and payable, and the default continues for a period of five
Business Days.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT UNDER THE INDENTURE
The following constitute Events of Default under the indenture:
- - a default in the payment of any interest when the same becomes due and
payable and continuance of the default for a period of five days or a
default in the payment in full of the Note Balance on the final scheduled
payment date;
- - failure on the part of the trust to perform in any material respect any
covenant or agreement under the indenture, other than a covenant covered in
the above bullet, or the breach of a representation or warranty of the
trust, which continues for a period of thirty days after notice is given;
and
- - events of bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or liquidation of the trust.
At the direction of holders evidencing at least 51% of the Note
Balance, the indenture trustee shall, at the direction of the insurer, or with
the consent of the insurer, so long as a default by the insurer shall not have
occurred and be continuing, declare an Event of Default upon the occurrence of
any of the above events.
REMEDIES ON EVENT OF DEFAULT UNDER THE INDENTURE
If an Event of Default under the indenture has occurred and is
continuing, the indenture trustee may, with the consent of the insurer, so long
as a default by the insurer shall not have occurred and be continuing, or shall,
at the direction of the insurer, so long as a default by the insurer shall not
have occurred and be continuing, or upon the direction of holders representing
not less than 51% of the aggregate Note Balance, with the written consent of the
insurer so long as a default by the insurer shall not have occurred and be
continuing, declare the principal amount of the notes due and payable
immediately. This declaration may be rescinded by the insurer or holders
representing at least 51% of the aggregate Note Balance, with the written
consent of the insurer so long as a default by the insurer shall not have
occurred and be continuing.
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If the principal of the notes has been declared due and payable as
described in the preceding paragraph, the indenture trustee, at the direction of
the insurer, so long as a default by the insurer shall not have occurred and be
continuing, may institute proceedings to collect all amounts payable on the
notes, sell the assets of the trust and/or refrain from selling the assets of
the trust.
FLOW OF FUNDS
The indenture trustee shall deposit to a note account, without
duplication, upon receipt:
- - any Insured Payments,
- - the proceeds of any final liquidation of the assets of the trust,
- - the Principal Collections and the Interest Collections and
- - other amounts remitted by the master servicer or any sub-servicer.
On each payment date, to the extent of Available Funds and to the
extent these amounts are due on the payment date, the indenture trustee shall
make the following allocations, disbursements and transfers in the following
order of priority. Each allocation, transfer and disbursement shall be treated
as having occurred only after all preceding allocations, transfers and
disbursements have occurred:
- - to the indenture trustee, the indenture trustee fee and to the owner
trustee, the owner trustee fee;
- - to the insurer the premium due;
- - to the holders, the Interest Distribution Amount for the payment date;
- - to the holders, the Interest Shortfall Amount, if any;
- - to the holders as a distribution of principal, the Scheduled Principal
Distribution Amount;
- - to the holders, as a distribution of principal, an amount equal to the
Overcollateralization Deficit for the payment date;
- - to the insurer, the Reimbursement Amount, if any;
- - to the holders, the Accelerated Principal Payment, if any;
- - to the holders, the amount of any Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount;
- - to the master servicer, reimbursement for Servicing Advances to the extent
not previously reimbursed and reimbursement for Servicing Advances which
have become non-recoverable;
- - to the indenture trustee and the owner trustee expenses due; and
- - to the certificateholders, any amount remaining on deposit in the note
account.
Servicing Advances are any out-of-pocket costs and expenses, incurred
by the master servicer in the performance of its servicing obligations,
including, but not limited to,
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- - expenditures in connection with a foreclosed mortgage loan prior to the
liquidation of the mortgage loan, including expenditures for real estate
property taxes, hazard insurance premiums and property restoration or
preservation;
- - the cost of any enforcement or judicial proceedings, including (a)
foreclosures, and (b) other legal actions and costs associated therewith
that potentially affect the existence, validity, priority, enforceability
or collectibility of the mortgage loans, including collection agency fees
and costs of pursuing or obtaining personal judgments, garnishments,
levies, attachment and similar actions,
- - the cost of the conservation, management, liquidation, sale or other
disposition of any Mortgaged Property acquired in satisfaction of the
mortgage loan, including reasonable fees paid to any independent contractor
in connection therewith, and
- - advances to keep senior liens current unless the master servicer has
determined that the advance would not be recoverable.
In the event of a delinquency or default on a mortgage loan, neither the master
servicer nor any subservicer will have any obligation to advance scheduled
monthly payments of principal and interest, nor will the master servicer or any
sub-servicer have an obligation to make up any Prepayment Interest Shortfall.
[THE INSURER AND THE POLICY]
[to be included only if the series has an insurance policy]
THE INSURER
The following information has been supplied by [insurer] for inclusion
in this prospectus supplement. No representation is made by the sponsor, the
originators, the master servicer, the underwriters or any of their affiliates as
to the accuracy or completeness of the information.
The Insurer is a [type of entity] regulated by [regulator] and licensed
to do business in __ states, [the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico and the Territory of Guam] The Insurer primarily insures newly
issued municipal and structured finance obligations. [rating agencies] have each
assigned a [rating] financial strength rating to the insurer.
The consolidated financial statements of the insurer and subsidiaries
as of [date] and [date], and for each of the years in the three-year period
ended [date], prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of [insurer], which was
filed with the Commission on [date]; Commission File Number _____, and the
unaudited consolidated financial statements of the insurer and subsidiaries as
of [date] and for the periods ending [date] and [date] included in the Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q of [insurer] for the period ended [date], which was filed
with the Commission on [date], are incorporated by reference into this
prospectus supplement and are deemed to be a part of this prospectus supplement.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference shall be
modified or superseded for the purposes of this prospectus supplement to the
extent that a statement contained by reference also modifies or supersedes the
statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except
as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus
supplement.
All financial statements of the insurer and subsidiaries included in
documents filed by [insurer] with the Commission under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14
or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
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<PAGE> 80
after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the termination of the
offering of the notes is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this
prospectus supplement and to be a part of this prospectus supplement from the
respective dates of filing the documents.
The following table sets forth the insurer's capitalization as of
[date], [date] and [date], respectively, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
[INSURER]
CONSOLIDATED CAPITALIZATION TABLE
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
[DATE] [DATE] [DATE] [DATE]
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Unearned premiums...............
Other liabilities...............
Total liabilities.............
Stockholder's equity:
Common stock..................
Additional paid-in capital....
Accumulated other comprehensive
income.....................
Retained earnings.............
Total stockholder's equity....
Total liabilities and
stockholder's
equity.....................
</TABLE>
Components of stockholder's equity have been restated for all periods
presented to reflect Accumulated other comprehensive income in accordance with
the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130 Reporting Comprehensive
Income adopted by the insurer effective January 1, 1998. As this new standard
only requires additional information on the financial statements, it does not
affect the insurer's financial position or results of operations.
For additional financial information concerning the insurer, see the
audited and unaudited financial statements of the insurer incorporated by
reference. Copies of the financial statements of the insurer incorporated by
reference and copies of the insurer's annual statement for the year ended [date]
prepared in accordance with statutory accounting standards are available,
without charge, from the insurer. The address of the insurer's administrative
offices and its telephone number are [address].
The insurer makes no representation regarding the notes or the
advisability of investing in the notes and makes no representation regarding,
nor has it participated in the preparation of, this prospectus supplement other
than the information supplied by the insurer and presented under the headings
"The Insurer and the Policy" and in the financial statements incorporated by
reference.
THE POLICY
The insurer will issue its note guaranty insurance policy for the
notes. The policy unconditionally guarantees the payment of Insured Payments on
the notes. The insurer will make each required Insured Payment to the indenture
trustee on the later of (1) the Business Day immediately preceding the payment
date the Insured Payment is distributable to the holders under the indenture;
and (2) the Business Day next following the day the insurer shall have received
telephonic or telegraphic notice, subsequently confirmed in writing, or written
notice by registered or certified mail, from the indenture trustee, specifying
that an Insured Payment is due in accordance with the terms of the policy.
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The insurer's obligation under the policy will be discharged to the
extent that funds are received by the indenture trustee for distribution to the
Holders, whether or not the funds are properly distributed by the indenture
trustee.
For purposes of the policy, holder as to a particular note, does not
and may not include the trust, the master servicer, the sponsor or the
originators.
The insurer only insures the timely receipt of interest on the notes,
calculated at the Note Interest Rate, the receipt of the Overcollateralization
Deficit, if any, payable on each payment date on the notes and the principal
balance of the notes on the Final Scheduled Maturity Date. The policy will not
cover the Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount, Prepayment Interest Shortfalls or
Relief Act Shortfalls, nor does the policy guarantee to the holders of the notes
any particular rate of principal payment. The policy expires and terminates
without any action on the part of the insurer or any other person on the date
that is one year and one day following the date the notes have been paid in
full.
In the absence of payments under the policy, holders will directly bear
the credit risks associated with their notes.
The policy is non-cancelable.
The policy is issued under and shall be construed under, the laws of
the State of New York, without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles.
In the event that the insurer were to become insolvent, any claims
arising under the policy would be excluded from coverage by the California
Insurance Guaranty Association, established under the laws of the state of
California.
The policy is not covered by the property/casualty insurance security
fund specified in article 76 of the New York insurance law.
DRAWINGS UNDER THE POLICY
On each determination date the indenture trustee shall determine, for
the next payment date, the Available Funds to be on deposit in the note account
on the payment date, excluding the amounts of the indenture trustee fee, the
owner trustee fee, and the premium payable to the insurer. The determination
date is the third Business Day next preceding the payment date or any earlier
day that shall be agreed to by the insurer and the indenture trustee.
If there is a Deficiency Amount for a payment date, the indenture
trustee shall complete a notice, promptly confirmed in writing by telecopy
substantially in the form of an exhibit to the policy, the original of which is
subsequently delivered by registered or certified mail, and submit the notice to
the insurer no later than 12:00 noon New York City time on the second Business
Day preceding the payment date as a claim for an Insured Payment in an amount
equal to the Deficiency Amount.]
PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENTS
COLLECTION AND OTHER SERVICING PROCEDURES ON MORTGAGE LOANS
The master servicer will make reasonable efforts to collect all
payments called for under the mortgage loans and will, consistent with the sale
and servicing agreement, follow the collection procedures that it follows for
HELOCs in its servicing portfolio comparable to the mortgage loans.
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Consistent with this standard, the master servicer may in its discretion waive
any late payment charge or any assumption or other fee or charge that may be
collected in the ordinary course of servicing the mortgage loans. Subject to the
sale and servicing agreement, the master servicer may increase credit limits and
solicit mortgagors for a reduction in the coupon rate of a mortgage loan and
arrange payment schedules with mortgagors who are delinquent.
TRANSFER OF THE MORTGAGE LOAN FILES
In connection with the sale of the mortgage loans on the closing date
or on the date specified in the sale and servicing agreement, the sponsor will
be required to deliver or cause to be delivered to the indenture trustee a
mortgage loan file consisting of, among other things,
- - original or certified copies of credit line agreements, endorsed by the
originator to the order of the indenture trustee;
- - originals of all intervening assignments, showing a complete chain of title
from origination to the applicable originator, if any, including
warehousing assignments, with evidence of recording;
- - originals of all assumption and modification agreements if any; and
- - either: (a) the original mortgage, with evidence of recording, (b) a true
and accurate copy of the mortgage where the original has been transmitted
for recording, until the original is returned by the public recording
office or (c) a copy of the mortgage certified by the public recording
office in those instances where the original recorded mortgage has been
lost.
The indenture trustee will agree, for the benefit of the holders, to review each
file within 90 days after the closing date to ascertain that all required
documents, or certified copies of documents, have been executed and received.
The sale and servicing agreement requires that there be prepared and
recorded, within 75 business days of the closing date, or, if original recording
information is unavailable, within the later period permitted by the sale and
servicing agreement, assignments of the mortgages from the originators to the
indenture trustee, in the appropriate jurisdictions in which recordation is
necessary to perfect the lien against creditors of or purchasers from the
originators. These requirements may be waived by the insurer.
HAZARD INSURANCE
MORTGAGE LOANS. The master servicer is required to maintain a level of
hazard insurance on the mortgaged properties relating to the mortgage loans. The
terms of the credit line agreements generally require borrowers to maintain
hazard insurance.
The master servicer is required to maintain for any mortgaged property
relating to a mortgage loan acquired upon foreclosure of a mortgage loan, or by
deed in lieu of foreclosure, hazard insurance with extended coverage in an
amount equal to the lesser of (a) the maximum insurable value of the mortgaged
property or (b) the credit limit of the mortgage loan. The master servicer may
satisfy its obligation to cause hazard policies to be maintained by maintaining
a blanket insurance policy insuring against losses on the mortgaged properties.
If the blanket policy contains a deductible clause, the master servicer will be
obligated to deposit in the principal and interest account the sums which would
have been deposited in the account but for the clause. The master servicer will
initially satisfy these requirements by maintaining a blanket insurance policy.
All amounts collected by the master servicer, net of any reimbursements to the
master servicer, under any hazard policy, except for amounts to be
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applied to the restoration or repair of the mortgaged property, will ultimately
be deposited in the principal and interest account.
The standard form of fire and extended coverage policy covers physical
damage to or destruction of the improvements on the property by fire, lightning,
explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, and the like, strike and civil commotion,
subject to the conditions and exclusions specified in each policy. Although the
policies relating to the mortgage loans will be underwritten by different
insurers and therefore will not contain identical terms and conditions, the
basic terms are dictated by state laws and most of the policies typically do not
cover any physical damage resulting from the following: war, revolution,
governmental actions, floods and other water-related causes, earth movement,
including earthquakes, landslides and mudflows, nuclear reactions, wet or dry
rot, vermin, rodents, insects or domestic animals, theft and, in some cases,
vandalism. The foregoing list is merely indicative of various types of uninsured
risks and is not intended to be all-inclusive or an exact description of the
insurance policies relating to the mortgaged properties.
REALIZATION UPON DEFAULTED MORTGAGE LOANS
The policy of the master servicer is to initiate foreclosure on a
mortgaged property
- - after a loan has become delinquent and, in the judgment of the master
servicer, satisfactory arrangements cannot be made with the mortgagor;
- - if a notice of default on a senior lien is received by the master servicer;
or
- - if circumstances are discovered by the master servicer which would indicate
that a potential for loss exists.
Foreclosure proceedings may be terminated if the delinquency is cured. Mortgage
loans to borrowers in bankruptcy proceedings may be restructured in accordance
with law and with a view to maximizing recovery of the loans, including any
deficiencies.
The master servicer will not be required to expend its own funds in
connection with foreclosure or other conversion, correction of default on a
senior mortgage loan or restoration of any property unless, in its sole
judgment, the foreclosure, correction or restoration will increase Net
Liquidation Proceeds. The master servicer will be reimbursed out of Liquidation
Proceeds for advances of its own funds as liquidation expenses before any Net
Liquidation Proceeds are distributed to holders or the certificateholders.
SERVICING COMPENSATION AND PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
For each Remittance Period the master servicer will receive a portion
of the interest collections as a monthly servicing fee. The servicing fee is
equal to ___% per annum on the aggregate Principal Balances of the mortgage
loans as of the first day of the Remittance Period, or as of the cut-off date
for the first Remittance Period. All termination fees, prepayment penalties and
fees, assumption fees, late payment charges and other fees and charges, to the
extent collected from borrowers, will be retained by the master servicer as
additional servicing compensation.
The master servicer will pay the ongoing expenses associated with the
trust and incurred by it in connection with its responsibilities under the sale
and servicing agreement. In addition, the master servicer will be entitled to
reimbursement for its expenses incurred in connection with defaulted mortgage
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loans and in connection with the restoration of mortgaged properties; the right
of reimbursement shall be prior to the rights of the holders to receive any
Liquidation Proceeds.
REPORTS
Monthly reports concerning the trust and the notes will be made
available to the holders. In addition, within 30 days after the end of each
calendar year, beginning with the [year] calendar year, information for tax
reporting purposes will be made available to each person who has been a holder
of record at any time during the preceding calendar year.
EVIDENCE AS TO COMPLIANCE
The master servicer is required to deliver, on or before [date] of each
year, beginning on [date], to the indenture trustee an annual statement signed
by an officer of the master servicer to the effect that the master servicer has
fulfilled its material obligations under the sale and servicing agreement
throughout the preceding fiscal year, except as specified in the statement.
On or before [date] of each year, beginning [date], the master servicer
will furnish a report prepared by a firm of nationally recognized independent
public accountants, who may also render other services to the master servicer or
the originators, to the indenture trustee, the insurer and the rating agencies
to the effect that the firm has examined a sample of the documents and the
records relating to servicing of the mortgage loans under the sale and servicing
agreement and that, on the basis of the examination, the firm believes that the
servicing was conducted in compliance with the sale and servicing agreement
except for (a) the exceptions that the firm believes to be immaterial and (b)
any other exceptions contained in the report.
MATTERS REGARDING THE MASTER SERVICER
The master servicer may not resign from its obligations and duties
thereunder, except in connection with a permitted transfer of servicing, unless
the duties and obligations are no longer permissible under applicable law or are
in material conflict by reason of applicable law with any other activities of a
type and nature presently carried on by it as evidenced by an opinion of counsel
delivered to the indenture trustee and the insurer. No resignation will become
effective until the indenture trustee or appointed successor master servicer has
assumed the master servicer's obligations and duties under the sale and
servicing agreement. The indenture trustee, the holders, each with the consent
of the insurer so long as a default by the insurer shall not have occurred and
be continuing, or the insurer, so long as a default by the insurer shall not
have occurred and be continuing, has the right to remove the master servicer
upon the occurrence of any of (a) events of insolvency, readjustment of debt,
marshalling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings regarding the
master servicer and actions by the master servicer indicating its insolvency or
inability to pay its obligations; (b) the failure of the master servicer to
perform any one or more of its material obligations under the sale and servicing
agreement as to which the master servicer shall continue in default with respect
thereto for a specified period, generally of sixty days, after notice by the
indenture trustee or the insurer, if required by the sale and servicing
agreement, of said failure; or (c) the failure of the master servicer to cure
any breach of any of its representations and warranties set forth in the sale
and servicing agreement which materially and adversely affects the interests of
the holders or the insurer, for a specified period, generally of thirty days,
after the master servicer's discovery or receipt of notice.
The insurer may also remove the master servicer upon the occurrence of
any of events unless remedied prior to the time frames stipulated, including:
- - the failure by the master servicer to make any required Servicing Advance
which failure continues for thirty days or more after written notice from
the insurer if the failure has a material and adverse effect on Net
Liquidation Proceeds in the sole determination of the insurer; or
- - the failure of the master servicer to perform one or more of its material
obligations under the sale and servicing agreement, which failure continues
for sixty days or more after written notice from the insurer; or
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- - certain other events described in the insurance agreement; or
- - failure on the part of the master servicer to make a payment or deposit
required under the sale and servicing agreement within five Business Days
after the date the payment or deposit is required to be made.
AMENDMENTS
The indenture and the sale and servicing agreement may each be amended
by the parties to these agreements, with the prior approval of the insurer, but
without the giving of notice or the receipt of the consent of the holders, for
the purposes of curing any ambiguity or correcting or supplementing any
provision which may be inconsistent with any other provision of these
agreements, or complying with the requirements of the code and the regulations
proposed or promulgated thereunder. These amendments may not reduce the
then-current rating on the notes or materially and adversely affect the
interests of any holder, without its written consent.
The indenture and the sale and servicing agreement may also be amended
by the parties to these agreements, with the prior written approval of the
insurer and the majority holders, for the purpose of adding any provisions,
changing in any matter or eliminating any of the provisions or modifying in any
manner the rights of the holders. No amendment shall change the amount of, or
delay the timing of, payments which are required to be distributed to any
holders without the consent of the holders, or change the percentage of the
holders which is required to consent to any amendments, without the consent of
all of the holders affected.
THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE
[indenture trustee], a national banking association with its principal
corporate trust office in [State] will act as the indenture trustee.
The indenture trustee may own notes and have normal banking
relationships with the sponsor, the master servicer, the originators and the
insurer and/or their affiliates.
The indenture trustee may resign at any time, in which event the
sponsor will be obligated to appoint a successor indenture trustee, as approved
by the insurer. The sponsor, with the prior written consent of the insurer so
long as a default by the insurer shall not have occurred and be continuing, or
the insurer may also remove the indenture trustee if the indenture trustee
ceases to be eligible to continue under the indenture or if the indenture
trustee becomes insolvent. Upon becoming aware of these circumstances, the
sponsor will be obligated to appoint a successor indenture trustee, as approved
by the insurer. Any resignation or removal of the indenture trustee and
appointment of a successor indenture trustee will not become effective until
acceptance of the appointment by the successor indenture trustee acceptable to
the insurer. If the sponsor fails to fulfill its obligations to appoint a
successor indenture trustee, the insurer will have the right to do so.
No holder will have any right under the indenture to institute any
proceeding under the indenture unless the insurer has given its prior written
consent, so long as a default by the insurer shall not have occurred and be
continuing, the holder previously has given to the indenture trustee written
notice of
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default and unless holders evidencing at least 51% of the Note Balance have made
written requests upon the indenture trustee to institute the proceeding in its
own name as indenture trustee thereunder and have offered to the indenture
trustee reasonable indemnity and the indenture trustee for 60 days has neglected
or refused to institute any proceeding. The indenture trustee will be under no
obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by the indenture
or to make any investigation of matters arising thereunder or to institute,
conduct or defend any litigation thereunder or in relation thereto at the
request, order or direction of any of the holders, unless the holders have
offered to the indenture trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the
cost, expenses and liabilities which it may incur.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds from the sale of the notes will be used by the sponsor
to acquire the mortgage loans from the originators or to repay temporary
financing facilities or warehouse debt. The net proceeds to be received from the
sale of the mortgage loans will be added to the sponsor's general funds and will
be available for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of debt,
such as warehouse debt, and the purchase of new mortgage loans.
MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following discussion, which summarizes the material U.S. federal
income tax aspects of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the notes, is
based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the Treasury
Regulations thereunder, and published rulings and court decisions in effect as
of the date of this prospectus supplement, all of which are subject to change,
possibly retroactively. This discussion does not address every aspect of the
U.S. federal income tax laws which may be relevant to holders in light of their
personal investment circumstances or to holders subject to special treatment
under the U.S. federal income tax laws, for example, banks and life insurance
companies. Accordingly, investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors
regarding U.S. federal, state, local, foreign and any other tax consequences to
them of investing in the notes.
References in this section to sections of the code are references to
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NOTES AS INDEBTEDNESS
Based on the application of existing law to the facts as set forth in
the indenture and other relevant documents and assuming compliance with the
terms of the indenture as in effect on the date of issuance of the notes, [law
firm], special tax counsel to the sponsor, is of the opinion that based on the
application of existing law to the facts as set forth in the indenture and other
relevant documents and any investigations that it deemed appropriate, the notes
will be treated as debt instruments for federal income tax purposes as of that
date. Accordingly, upon issuance, the notes will be treated as debt securities
as described in the prospectus. In addition, the trust will not be treated as an
association taxable as a corporation, or a publicly traded partnership, or a
taxable mortgage pool. See "Material Federal Income Tax Consequences" in the
prospectus.
The trust and the holders express in the indenture their intent that,
for applicable tax purposes, the notes will be indebtedness secured by the
mortgage loans. The originator, the sponsor and the holders, by accepting the
notes, and each beneficial owner by its acquisition of a beneficial interest in
a note, have agreed to treat the notes as indebtedness for federal, state and
local income and franchise tax purposes. Investors should be aware that no
transaction closely comparable to this transaction has been the subject
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of any Treasury Regulation, revenue ruling or judicial decision, and therefore
the matter is subject to interpretation. Because different criteria are used to
determine the non-tax accounting characterization of the transaction, the
originator intends to treat this transaction as a sale of an interest in the
Principal Balances of the mortgage loans for financial accounting and certain
regulatory purposes.
In general, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes a transaction
constitutes a sale of property or a loan, the repayment of which is secured by
property, is a question of fact, the resolution of which is based upon the
economic substance of the transaction rather than its form or the manner in
which it is labeled. While the Internal Revenue Service and the courts have set
forth several factors to be taken into account in determining whether the
substance of a transaction is a sale of property or a secured loan, the primary
factor in making this determination is whether the transferee has assumed the
risk of loss or other economic burdens relating to the property and has obtained
the benefits of ownership. Tax counsel has analyzed and relied on these factors
in reaching its opinion that the weight of the benefits and burdens of ownership
of the mortgage loans has been retained by the originator and has not been
transferred to the holders.
In some instances, courts have held that a taxpayer is bound by the
particular form it has chosen for a transaction, even if the substance of the
transaction does not accord with its form. Tax counsel has advised that the
rationale of those cases will not apply to this transaction, because the form of
the transaction as reflected in the operative provisions of the documents either
accords with the characterization of the notes as debt or otherwise makes the
rationale of those cases inapplicable to this situation.
TAXATION OF INTEREST INCOME OF HOLDERS
INTEREST INCOME ON THE NOTES.
As a general rule, interest paid or accrued on the notes will be
treated as ordinary income to the holders thereof. A holder using the accrual
method of accounting for federal income tax purposes is required to include
interest paid or accrued on the notes in ordinary income as this interest
accrues, while a holder using the cash receipts and disbursements method of
accounting for federal income tax purposes must include this interest in
ordinary income when payments are received, or made available for receipt, by
the holder. The following discussion is based in part on the rules governing
original issue discount which are set forth in Sections 1271-1275 and the
Treasury regulations issued thereunder. A holder should be aware, however, that
these regulations do not adequately address a number of issues relevant to
prepayable securities, such as the notes.
It is anticipated, and this discussion assumes, that the notes will not
be issued with original issue discount within the meaning of Section 1273, and
that the trust will not take any original issue discount deduction with respect
thereto. If the notes were issued at more than a de minimis discount, however,
these notes would be treated as issued with original issue discount for federal
income tax purposes. The amount of original issue discount on a note will be
considered to be zero if it is less than a de minimis amount determined under
the code.
In general, original issue discount, if any, will equal the difference
between the stated redemption price at maturity of a note and its issue price.
The issue price of a note is the first price at which a substantial amount of
notes is sold to the public, excluding bond houses, brokers, underwriters or
wholesalers. The issue price of a note also includes the amount paid by an
initial holder for accrued interest that relates to a period prior to the issue
date of the note. The stated redemption price at maturity of a note includes the
original principal amount of the note, but generally will not include
distributions of interest if the distributions constitute qualified stated
interest.
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Qualified stated interest generally means interest payable at a single
fixed rate or qualified variable rate provided that the interest payments are
unconditionally payable at intervals of one year or less during the entire term
of the note. Interest payments are unconditionally payable only if a late
payment or nonpayment is expected to be penalized or reasonable remedies exist
to compel payment. Because the notes will not be entitled to penalty payments of
interest on interest deficiencies other than interest at the coupon rate on the
amount of the deficiencies and do not provide for default or acceleration rights
in the event of interest shortfalls, the interest payments on the notes may not
be treated by the IRS as qualified stated interest, and in this event, the
interest payments would be taxed as original issue discount. holders should
consult their own tax advisors to determine the issue price and stated
redemption price at maturity of a note. While the tax treatment of interest on
the notes is not entirely clear, the trust intends to treat the stated interest
on the notes as qualified stated interest for original issue discount purposes.
A holder of a note treated as issued with original issue discount is
required to include in gross income for each taxable year, for all days it holds
the note, the sum of the daily portions of the original issue discount. The
amount of original issue discount includible in income by a holder will be
computed by allocating to each day during a taxable year a pro rata portion of
the original issue discount that accrued during the relevant accrual period. The
amount of original issue discount includible in income of a holder for an
accrual period, the period over which interest accrues on the debt instrument,
will equal the product of the yield to maturity of the note and the adjusted
issue price of the note at the beginning of the accrual period, reduced by any
payments of qualified stated interest during this accrual period. The adjusted
issue price at the beginning of an accrual period is the sum of its issue price
plus prior accruals of original issue discount, reduced by the total payments
made on the note in all prior periods, other than qualified stated interest
payments.
The amount of original issue discount to be included in income by
holders is computed by taking into account the anticipated rate of prepayments
and the constant draw rate assumed in pricing the debt instrument. The amount of
original issue discount that will accrue during an accrual period for the notes
is any excess of the sum of (a) the present value of all payments remaining to
be made on the notes as of the close of the accrual period and (b) the payments
during the accrual period of amounts included in the stated redemption price of
the notes, over the adjusted issue price of the notes at the beginning of the
accrual period. The present value of the remaining payments is to be determined
on the basis of three factors:
- - the original yield to maturity of the note, determined on the basis of
compounding at the end of each accrual period and properly adjusted for the
length of the accrual period,
- - events which have occurred before the end of the accrual period and
- - the assumption that the remaining payments will be made in accordance with
the original anticipated rate of prepayments and constant draw rate.
The effect of this method is to increase the portions of original issue discount
required to be included in income by a holder to take into account prepayments
at a rate that exceeds the anticipated rate of prepayments, and to decrease, but
not below zero for any period, the portions of original issue discount required
to be included in income by a holder to take into account prepayments at a rate
that is slower than the anticipated rate of prepayments. Although original issue
discount will be reported to holders based on the anticipated rate of
prepayments, no representation is made to holders that mortgage loans will be
prepaid at that rate or at any other rate.
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A subsequent holder of a note will also be required to include original
issue discount in gross income, but a holder who purchases this note for an
amount that exceeds its adjusted issue price will be entitled, as will an
initial holder who pays more than a note's issue price, to offset the original
issue discount by comparable economic accruals of portions of the excess.
VARIABLE RATE NOTES.
Because the notes bear interest at a rate that varies directly,
according to a fixed formula, with an objective index, the amount of original
issue discount on a note will accrue in the manner described under " -- Interest
Income on the Notes" by assuming generally that this index will remain fixed
throughout the term of the notes, with appropriate adjustments made for the
actual variable rate.
MARKET DISCOUNT.
Holders should be aware that the resale of a note may be affected by
the market discount rules of the code. These rules generally provide that,
subject to a de minimis exception, if a holder acquires a note at a market
discount, which means, at a price below its adjusted issue price as defined in
the Code, and thereafter recognizes gain upon a disposition of the note, the
lesser of the gain or the portion of the market discount that accrued while the
note was held by the holder will be treated as ordinary interest income realized
at the time of the disposition. A taxpayer may instead elect to include market
discount currently in gross income in taxable years to which it is attributable,
computed using either a ratable accrual or a yield to maturity method.
PREMIUM.
A holder who purchases a note for more than its stated redemption price
at maturity will be subject to the premium amortization rules of the code. Under
those rules, the holder may elect to amortize the premium on a constant yield
method. Amortizable premium reduces interest income on the note. If the holder
does not make this election, the premium paid for the note generally will be
included in the tax basis of the note in determining the gain or loss on its
disposition.
ELECTION TO TREAT ALL INTEREST AS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT.
A holder of a note may elect to accrue all interest, discount,
including de minimis market or original issue discount, in income, as adjusted
by any amortizable premium, as interest, based on a constant yield method. If
this election were to be made for a note with market discount, the holder of the
note would be deemed to have made an election to include in income currently
market discount for all other debt instruments having market discount that the
holder acquires during the year of the election or thereafter. Similarly, a
holder of a note that makes this election for a note that is acquired at a
premium will be deemed to have made an election to amortize bond premium for all
debt instruments having amortizable bond premium that the holder owns or
acquires. The election to accrue interest and discount on a constant yield
method for a note is irrevocable.
Each holder should consult his own tax advisor regarding the impact of
the original issue discount, market discount, and premium amortization rules.
POSSIBLE CLASSIFICATION OF THE TRUST AS A PARTNERSHIP OR ASSOCIATION TAXABLE AS
A CORPORATION
Although, as described above, it is the opinion of tax counsel that the
notes are properly characterized as debt for federal income tax purposes, the
opinion of tax counsel is not binding on the courts or the IRS and no assurance
can be given that this characterization will prevail. It is possible that the
IRS could assert that the transaction contemplated by this prospectus supplement
constitutes a sale of the mortgage loans, or an interest in the mortgage loans,
to the holders and that the proper classification of the legal relationship
between the sponsor, the originator and the holders resulting from this
transaction is that of a partnership, including a publicly traded partnership, a
publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation, or an association taxable
as a corporation.
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If it were determined that this transaction created an entity
classified as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, the trust
would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at corporate income tax rates on the
income it derives from the mortgage loans, which would reduce the amounts
available for distribution to the holders. Cash distributions to the holders
generally would be treated as dividends for tax purposes to the extent of the
corporation's earnings and profits. If the transaction were treated as creating
a partnership, but not a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation,
between the holders and the holders of the certificates, the partnership itself
would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax; rather, each holder of a
certificate and each holder would be taxed individually on its respective
distributive shares of the partnership's income, gain, loss, deductions and
credits. The amount and timing of items of income and deductions of the holders
and the holder of the certificates could differ if the notes were held to
constitute partnership interests rather than indebtedness.
The sponsor will not attempt to comply with U.S. federal income tax
reporting requirements applicable to partnerships or corporations as these
requirements would apply if the notes were not treated as indebtedness.
FOREIGN INVESTORS
In general, subject to various exceptions, interest, including original
issue discount, if any, paid on a note to a person other than:
- - a citizen or resident of the United States,
- - a corporation, partnership or other entity, treated as a corporation or a
partnership for federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or
under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of
Columbia, other than a partnership that is not treated as a United States
person under any applicable Treasury regulations,
- - an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax
regardless of its source or
- - a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary
supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more United
States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of
the trust, including specified types of trusts in existence on August 20,
1996 that may elect to be treated as United States persons to the extent
permitted in Treasury regulations, is not subject to U.S. federal income
and withholding tax; but on, if the interest is portfolio interest.
Interest paid, or accrued, to a holder who is a non-U.S. Person will be
considered portfolio interest, and generally will not be subject to United
States federal income tax and withholding tax, unless (1) the interest is not
effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United
States by the non-U.S. Person, (2) the non-U.S. Person provides the trust or
other person who is otherwise required to withhold U.S. tax for the note with an
appropriate statement, on Form W-8 or other similar form, signed under penalties
of perjury, certifying that the beneficial owner of the note is a foreign person
and providing that non-U.S. person's name and addresses. If a note is held
through a securities clearing organization or other financial institutions, the
organization or institution may provide the relevant signed statement to the
withholding agent; in that case, however, the signed statement must be
accompanied by a Form W-8 or substitute form provided by the non-U.S. Person
that owns that interest in the note. If the interest does not constitute
portfolio interest, then it will be subject to U.S. federal income and
withholding tax at a rate of 30%, unless reduced or eliminated under an
applicable tax treaty and the non-U.S. Person provides the trust, or an
organization or financial institution described above, with an appropriate
statement, e.g., a Form 1001, signed under penalties of perjury, to that effect.
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<PAGE> 91
If the notes were deemed to be partnership interests, interest payments
on the notes could be treated as guaranteed payments within the meaning of the
partnership provisions of the code. These guaranteed payments could be subject
to a 30% withholding tax, or lower treaty rate, if the trust were engaged in a
U.S. trade or business because guaranteed payments do not appear to satisfy the
requirements to be treated as portfolio interest under the code. If the notes
were deemed to be partnership interests and the interest payments were not
guaranteed payments, the partnership would be required, on a quarterly basis, to
pay withholding tax equal to the product, for each foreign partner, of the
foreign partner's distributive share of effectively connected income of the
partnership multiplied by the highest rate of tax applicable to that foreign
partner. In addition, the foreign partner also would be subject to branch
profits tax. Each non-foreign partner would be required to certify to the
partnership that it is not a foreign person. The tax withheld from each foreign
partner would be credited against the foreign partner's U.S. income tax
liability.
If the trust were taxable as a corporation, distributions to foreign
persons, to the extent treated as dividends, would generally be subject to
withholding at the rate of 30%, unless the rate were reduced by an applicable
tax treaty.
If, contrary to the opinion of tax counsel, the notes are
recharacterized as equity interests in a partnership, or in an association or
publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, any taxes required to be
so withheld will be treated for all purposes of the notes and the policy as
having been paid to the holder.
Final regulations dealing with backup withholding and information
reporting on income paid to a foreign person and related matters were published
in the Federal Register on October 14, 1997. In general, the new withholding
regulations do not significantly alter the substantive withholding and
information reporting requirements, but do unify current certification
procedures and forms and clarify reliance standards. The new withholding
regulations generally will be effective for payments made after December 31,
2000, although valid withholding certificates that are held on December 31, 2000
remain valid until the earlier of December 31, 2001 or the date of expiration of
the certificate under the rules as currently in effect. The discussion set forth
above does not take the new withholding regulations into account. Prospective
holders may wish to consult their own tax advisor about the new withholding
regulations.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING
Holders may be subject to backup withholding at the rate of 31% on
interest paid on the notes if the holders, upon issuance, failed to supply the
indenture trustee or his broker with his taxpayer identification number, furnish
an incorrect taxpayer identification number, failed to report interest,
dividends, or other reportable payments as defined in the code, properly, or
failed to provide the indenture trustee or his broker with a certified
statement, under penalty of perjury, that he is not subject to backup
withholding.
The indenture trustee will be required to report annually to the IRS,
and to each holder of record, the amount of interest paid, and original issue
discount accrued, if any, on the notes, and the amount of interest withheld for
U.S. federal income taxes, if any, for each calendar year, except as to exempt
holders. Exempt holders are holders that are corporations, tax-exempt
organizations or nonresident aliens who provide certification as to their status
as nonresidents. As long as the only holder of record is Cede, as nominee for
DTC, holders and the IRS will receive tax and other information including the
amount of interest paid on the notes owned from direct and indirect participants
of the DTC system rather than from the indenture trustee. The indenture trustee,
however, will respond to requests for necessary information to enable direct and
indirect participants of the DTC system and other persons to complete their
reports.
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<PAGE> 92
Each non-exempt beneficial owner of a note will be required to provide, under
penalty of perjury, a certificate on IRS Form W-9 containing his or her name,
address, correct federal taxpayer identification number and a statement that he
or she is not subject to backup withholding. Should a non-exempt beneficial
owner of a note fail to provide the required certification, the direct and
indirect participants of the DTC system, or the indenture trustee, will be
required to withhold 31% of the interest and payment of original issue discount,
and principal, otherwise payable to the beneficial owner, and remit the withheld
amount to the IRS as a credit against the beneficial owner's federal income tax
liability.
The new withholding regulations change some of the rules relating to
backup withholding, but are not effective as of the closing date. See " --
Foreign Investors" in the prospectus.
TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
A tax-exempt holder may be subject to less favorable tax treatment
because an interest in a partnership may generate unrelated business taxable
income subjecting the holder to the unrelated business taxable income provisions
of the code.
STATE TAXES
The sponsor makes no representations regarding the tax consequences of
purchase, ownership or disposition of the notes under the tax laws of any state.
Investors considering an investment in the notes may wish to consult their own
tax advisors regarding the tax consequences.
INVESTORS MAY WISH TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE
FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL OR FOREIGN INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE,
OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE NOTES.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Section 406 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
and/or Section 4975 prohibit pension, profit-sharing and other employee benefit
plans, as well as individual retirement accounts and some types of Keogh Plans,
that are subject to ERISA or to Section 4975 from engaging in transactions with
persons that are parties in interest under ERISA or disqualified persons under
the code with respect to the benefit plans. A violation of these prohibited
transaction rules may result in an excise tax or other penalties and liabilities
under ERISA and the code for these persons. Title I of ERISA also requires that
fiduciaries of a benefit plan subject to ERISA make investments that are
prudent, diversified, except if prudent not to do so, and in accordance with
governing plan documents.
References in this section to sections of the code are references to
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
Transactions involving the trust might be deemed to constitute
prohibited transactions under ERISA and the code if assets of the trust were
deemed to be assets of a benefit plan. Under a regulation issued by the United
States Department of Labor, the assets of the trust would be treated as plan
assets of a benefit plan for the purposes of ERISA and the code only if the
benefit plan acquired an equity interest in the trust and none of the exceptions
contained in this regulation were applicable. An equity interest is defined
under the regulation as an interest other than an instrument which is treated as
indebtedness under applicable local law and which has no substantial equity
features. Although there is little guidance on the subject, the sponsor believes
that the notes should be treated as indebtedness without substantial equity
features for purposes of the regulation. This determination is based in part
upon the traditional debt features of the notes, including the reasonable
expectation of purchasers of notes that the notes will be
S-43
<PAGE> 93
repaid when due, as well as the absence of conversion rights, warrants and other
typical equity features. The debt treatment of the notes for ERISA purposes
could change if the trust incurred losses. However, even if the notes are
treated as indebtedness without substantial equity features under the Code, the
acquisition or holding of notes by or on behalf of a benefit plan could be
considered to give rise to a prohibited transaction if the trust or any of its
affiliates is or becomes a party in interest or a disqualified person for the
benefit plan. In this case, exemptions from the prohibited transaction rules
could be applicable, depending on the type and circumstances of the plan
fiduciary making the decision to acquire a note. Included among these exemptions
are: prohibited transaction class exemption 90-l, regarding investments by
insurance company pooled separate accounts; prohibited transaction class
exemption 95-60, regarding investments by insurance company general accounts;
prohibited transaction class exemption 91-38, regarding investments by bank
collective investment funds; prohibited transaction class exemption 96-23,
regarding transactions affected by in-house asset managers and prohibited
transaction class exemption 84-14, regarding transactions effected by qualified
professional asset managers. Each investor using the assets of a benefit plan
which acquires the notes, or to whom the notes are transferred, will be deemed
to have represented that the acquisition and continued holding of the notes will
be covered by one of the exemptions listed above or by another Department of
Labor exemption.
Employee benefit plans that are governmental plans, as defined in
Section 3(32) of ERISA, and church plans, as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA,
are not subject to ERISA requirements; however, these plans may be subject to
comparable federal, state or local law restrictions.
A benefit plan fiduciary considering the purchase of notes should
consult its tax and/or legal advisors regarding whether the assets of the trust
would be considered plan assets, the possibility of exemptive relief from the
prohibited transaction rules and their potential consequences.
LEGAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Although, as a condition to their issuance, the notes will be rated in
the highest rating category of the rating agencies, the notes will not
constitute mortgage related securities for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage
Market Enhancement Act of 1984, because not all of the mortgages securing the
mortgage loans are first mortgages. Accordingly, many institutions with legal
authority to invest in comparably rated securities based on first mortgage loans
may not be legally authorized to invest in the notes, which because they
evidence interests in a pool that includes junior mortgage loans are not
mortgage related securities under SMMEA. See "Legal Investment Matters" in the
prospectus.
UNDERWRITING
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting
agreement among the sponsor, the originators, and [underwriters], the
underwriters, the sponsor and the originators have agreed to cause the trust to
sell to the underwriters, and the underwriters have agreed to purchase, the
following principal amounts of notes set forth opposite their names below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT
UNDERWRITERS OF NOTES
------------ ------------
<S> <C>
[underwriter]......... $ __________
[underwriter]......... $ __________
Total....... $ __________
</TABLE>
In the underwriting agreement, each of the underwriters has agreed,
subject to the terms and conditions in the underwriting agreement, to purchase
all of its respective allocation of the notes if any of the notes are purchased.
S-44
<PAGE> 94
The underwriters have advised the sponsor that they propose initially
to offer the notes to the public at the price set forth on the cover page
hereof, and to specified dealers at a price less a concession not in excess of
____%. The underwriters may allow and these dealers may reallow a concession not
in excess of ____%. After the initial public offering, the public offering price
and the concessions and reallowances may be changed.
Until the distribution of the notes is completed, SEC rules may limit
the ability of the underwriters and selling group members to bid for and
purchase the notes. As an exception to these rules, the underwriters are
permitted to engage in transactions that stabilize the price of the notes. These
transactions consist of bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or
maintaining the price of the notes.
If the underwriters create a short position in the notes in connection
with the offering, i.e., if they sell more notes than are set forth on the cover
page of this prospectus supplement, the underwriters may reduce that short
position by purchasing notes in the open market.
In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization or
to reduce a short position could cause the price of the security to be higher
than it might be in the absence of these purchases.
Neither the sponsor nor any of the underwriters makes any
representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that
the transactions described above may have on the price of the notes. In
addition, neither the sponsor nor any of the underwriters makes any
representation that the underwriters will engage in these transactions or that
these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
The sponsor has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified
liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act.
The sponsor has been advised by the underwriters that the underwriters
presently intend to make a market in the notes, as permitted by applicable laws
and regulations. The underwriters are not obligated, however, to make a market
in the notes and this market-making may be discontinued at any time at the sole
discretion of the underwriters. Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the
liquidity of any trading markets for the notes.
LEGAL MATTERS
Legal matters in connection with the issuance of the notes will be
passed upon for the sponsor by [firm]. [firm] will act as counsel for the
underwriters.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of [insurer] and subsidiaries as
of [date] and [date] and for each of the years in the three-year period ended
[date] are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in the registration
statement in reliance upon the report of [accounting firm], independent
certified public accountants, incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and
upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
S-45
<PAGE> 95
RATINGS
It is a condition to issuance that the notes be rated "___" by [rating
agency] and "___" by [rating agency].
The ratings assigned to the notes will depend primarily upon the
financial strength of the insurer. Any reduction in a rating assigned to the
financial strength of the insurer below the ratings initially assigned to the
notes may result in a reduction of one or more of the ratings assigned to the
notes.
A securities rating addresses the likelihood of the receipt by holders
of distributions on the mortgage loans. The rating takes into consideration the
characteristics of the mortgage loans and the structural, legal and tax aspects
associated with the notes. The ratings on the notes do not, however, constitute
statements regarding the likelihood or frequency of prepayments on the mortgage
loans or the possibility that holders might realize a lower than anticipated
yield nor the likelihood of the payment of the Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward
Amount.
A securities rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the
assigning rating organization. Each securities rating should be evaluated
independently of similar ratings on different securities.
S-46
<PAGE> 96
GLOSSARY
"Accelerated Principal Payment" means, on a payment date, the amount of
the Excess Cashflow applied as a payment of principal.
"Additional Balances" means the amounts of draws that are assigned to
the trust.
"Available Funds" means, for any payment date, any Insured Payments,
the Principal Collections and the Interest Collections and other amounts
remitted by the master servicer or any Sub-Servicer.
"Business Day" means any day other than (1) a Saturday or Sunday or (2)
a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York or in the city in
which the principal corporate trust office of the indenture trustee is located,
are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to be closed.
"Clean-Up Call Date" is the first payment date on which the clean-up
could be exercised.
"Deficiency Amount" means the excess, if any, of Required Payments over
the amount of Available Funds on the payment date minus the owner trustee's fee,
the indenture trustee's fee and the premium payable to the insurer for the
payment date.
"Excess Cashflow" means the sum of excess interest, which is the excess
of Interest Collections on the mortgage loans over the sum of interest payable
for the notes plus fees, plus Principal Collections not required to be applied
to principal amortization for the notes or to Reimbursement Amounts.
"Formula Rate" means, for any payment date which occurs on or prior to
the Clean-Up Call Date, the per annum rate equal to the sum of (a) LIBOR and (b)
____% and for any payment date thereafter, the sum of (a) LIBOR and (b) ____%.
"HELOCs" means home equity revolving credit line loans
"Insured Payments" means, for any payment date, the aggregate amount
actually paid by the insurer to the indenture trustee in respect of (1) the
Deficiency Amount for the payment date and (2) Preference Amounts for any given
Business Day.
"Interest Accrual Period" means the period from the preceding payment
date, or in the case of the first payment date, from the Closing Date, through
the day preceding the payment date on the basis of the actual number of days in
the Interest Accrual Period and a 360-day year.
"Interest Collections" means, as to any payment date, the amounts
collected in respect of interest during the Remittance Period, excluding
payments of interest collected prior to the cut-off date, including the portion
of Net Liquidation Proceeds allocable to interest, and for mortgage loans that
are 180 or more days delinquent, total Net Liquidation Proceeds, under the terms
of the credit line agreements less servicing fees for the Remittance Period
"Interest Distribution Amount" means, for any payment date, the
interest then due on the notes, calculated using the Note Interest Rate and
exclusive of any Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount.
"Interest Shortfall Amount" means, for any payment date, the sum of (1)
the amount by which the Interest Distribution Amount on the date exceeded the
actual amount distributed in respect of interest on the date and (2) any
unreimbursed Interest Shortfall Amounts from prior payment dates together with
interest at the Note Interest Rate.
S-47
<PAGE> 97
"LIBOR" means the London interbank offered rate for one-month
Eurodollar deposits appearing on the Telerate screen page 3750, as of the second
LIBOR Business Day prior to the first day of the Interest Accrual Period, or as
of two LIBOR Business Days prior to the Closing Date, in the case of the first
Interest Accrual Period.
"LIBOR Business Day" means any day other than (1) a Saturday or a
Sunday or (2) a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York or in
the city of London, England are required or authorized by law to be closed.
"Liquidated Mortgage Loan" means a defaulted mortgage loan which the
master servicer has determined that it has recovered all amounts it expects to
recover from or on account of the defaulted mortgage loan or which is 180 days
or more delinquent, whichever is the first to occur.
"Liquidation Proceeds" means the proceeds, excluding any amounts drawn
on the policy, received in connection with the liquidation of any Liquidated
Mortgage Loan, whether through trustee's sale, foreclosure sale or otherwise.
"Net Funds Cap Carry-Forward Amount" means, on any payment date, the
excess of the amount of interest due based on the Formula Rate, over the
interest due based on the Net Funds Cap Rate, together with interest at the
then-applicable Formula Rate.
"Net Funds Cap Rate" means the per annum rate, equal to (x) (A) the
product of (i) twelve and (ii) the interest due on the mortgage loans during the
prior Remittance Period, minus the amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and
Relief Act Shortfalls for the Remittance Period, net of the servicing fee, the
fee payable to the indenture trustee, the fee payable to the owner trustee and
the premium payable to the insurer under the policy, divided by (B) the Pool
Balance as of the opening of the prior Remittance Period, less (y) ___%.
"Net Liquidation Proceeds" means, an amount equal to the Liquidation
Proceeds, reduced by out-of-pocket expenses and advances, but not including the
portion, if any, of the amount that exceeds the sum of (1) the Principal Balance
of the mortgage loan and (2) any accrued and unpaid interest to the end of the
Remittance Period during which the mortgage loan became a Liquidated Mortgage
Loan.
"Net Principal Collections" means, for any payment date, the excess of
(x) Principal Collections over (y) the aggregate principal amount of all
Additional Balances arising during the Remittance Period; that in no event will
Net Principal Collections be less than zero for any payment date
"Note Interest Rate" means, for an Interest Accrual Period, the lesser
of:
- - (x) for any payment date which occurs on or prior to the Clean-Up Call
Date, the per annum rate equal to the sum of (a) LIBOR and (b) ____% and
(y) for any payment date thereafter, the sum of (a) LIBOR and (b) ____% and
- - the per annum rate, equal to (x) (A) the product of (i) twelve and (ii) the
interest due on the mortgage loans during the prior Remittance Period,
minus the amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and Relief Act
Shortfalls for the Remittance Period, net of the servicing fee, the fee
payable to the indenture trustee, the fee payable to the owner trustee and
the premium payable to the insurer under the policy, divided by (B) the
Pool Balance as of the opening of the prior Remittance Period, less (y)
___%.
S-48
<PAGE> 98
"Note Balance" means, as of any date, an amount equal to the Original
Note Balance minus the aggregate of amounts previously distributed as principal
to the holders.
"Original Note Balance" means ____% of the Cut-off Date Pool Balance.
"Overcollateralization Amount" means, for the notes, the amount, if
any, by which the Pool Balance exceeds the Note Balance.
"Overcollateralization Deficit" means, for any payment date, the amount
by which the Note Balance, after giving effect to all other amounts
distributable and allocable to principal on the notes on the payment date,
exceeds the aggregate of the Principal Balances of all of the mortgage loans as
of the payment date.
"Overcollateralization Reduction Amount" means the dollar amount of any
decrease in the Specified Overcollateralization Amount.
"Pool Balance" means, on any day, the aggregate of the Principal
Balances of all mortgage loans as of that day.
"Preference Amount" means any payment on a note which has become due
and which is made to a holder by or on behalf of the indenture trustee which has
been deemed a preferential transfer and theretofore recovered from its holder
under the United States Bankruptcy Code in accordance with a final,
nonappealable order of a court of competent jurisdiction.
"Prepayment Interest Shortfalls" means shortfalls in interest
collections that result from the timing of prepayments.
"Principal Balance" of a mortgage loan, other than a Liquidated
Mortgage Loan, on any date is equal to its original principal balance as of the
cut-off date PLUS any Additional Balances in respect of the mortgage loan MINUS
all collections credited as principal payments against the principal balance of
the mortgage loan in accordance with the credit line agreement since the cut-off
date. The Principal Balance of a Liquidated Mortgage Loan is zero.
"Principal Collections" means, as to any payment date, the amounts
collected in respect of principal during the Remittance Period, including the
portion of Net Liquidation Proceeds, other than for mortgage loans that are 180
or more days delinquent, allocated to principal under the terms of the credit
line agreements.
"Rapid Amortization Event" means the events described under
"Description of the Notes -- Rapid Amortization Events."
"Reimbursement Amounts" means all amounts due and owing to the insurer
and unreimbursed draws on the policy, together with interest.
"Relief Act Shortfalls" are interest shortfalls resulting from the
application of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940.
"Remittance Period" means, for any payment date, the calendar month
preceding the month of the payment date.
S-49
<PAGE> 99
"Required Payments" means, as of any payment date, the sum of (a) the
Interest Distribution Amount, excluding any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and
any Relief Act Shortfalls, plus any Interest Shortfall Amount, (b) for any
payment date, any shortfalls in Available Funds to pay the Overcollateralization
Deficit and (c) on the final scheduled payment date, any shortfall of Available
Funds to pay the outstanding Principal Balance of the notes.
"Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount" means (A) on any payment date
during the managed amortization period, the excess, but in no event less than
zero, of (x) the lesser of (1) the maximum principal payment and (2) the Net
Principal Collections over (y) the Overcollateralization Reduction Amount, if
any, for the payment date or (B) on any payment date during the rapid
amortization period, the excess of (x) the maximum principal payment over (y)
the Overcollateralization Reduction Amount, if any, for the payment date. On any
payment date, the maximum principal payment will equal ____%, the fixed
allocation percentage of the Principal Collections relating to the payment date.
"Servicing Advances" means any out-of-pocket costs and expenses,
incurred by the master servicer in the performance of its servicing obligations,
including, but not limited to,
- - expenditures in connection with a foreclosed mortgage loan prior to the
liquidation of the mortgage loan, including expenditures for real estate
property taxes, hazard insurance premiums and property restoration or
preservation;
- - the cost of any enforcement or judicial proceedings, including (a)
foreclosures, and (b) other legal actions and costs associated therewith
that potentially affect the existence, validity, priority, enforceability
or collectibility of the mortgage loans, including collection agency fees
and costs of pursuing or obtaining personal judgments, garnishments,
levies, attachment and similar actions,
- - the cost of the conservation, management, liquidation, sale or other
disposition of any mortgaged property acquired in satisfaction of the
mortgage loan, including reasonable fees paid to any independent contractor
in connection therewith, and
- - advances to keep senior liens current unless the master servicer has
determined that the advance would not be recoverable.
"Specified Overcollateralization Amount" means a level of
overcollateralization specified by the insurer.
S-50
<PAGE> 100
$----------
(APPROXIMATE)
ADVANTA REVOLVING HOME EQUITY LOAN TRUST [SERIES]
ADVANTA REVOLVING HOME EQUITY LOAN
ASSET BACKED NOTES, SERIES [SERIES]
LOGO
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC.
Sponsor
LOGO
ADVANTA MORTGAGE CORP. USA
Master Servicer
----------------
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
----------------
[UNDERWRITER]
[UNDERWRITER]
[DATE]
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have
not authorized anyone to provide you with different information.
We are not offering the notes offered hereby in any state where the
offer is not permitted.
We represent the accuracy of the information in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus only as of the dates on their
respective covers.
Dealers will be required to deliver a prospectus supplement and
prospectus when acting as underwriters of these notes and with respect to their
unsold allotments or subscriptions. In addition, all dealers selling the notes,
whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a
prospectus supplement and prospectus until ninety days after the date of this
prospectus supplement.
<PAGE> 101
PROSPECTUS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC. Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Securities,
Sponsor Issuable in Series
ADVANTA MORTGAGE CORP. USA
Master Servicer
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc. may sell, from time to time, a series of
mortgage loan asset-backed securities backed soley by the assets of the issuing
trust. The assets of each trust consist primarily of a pool of mortgage loans.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WE SUGGEST THAT YOU READ THE SECTION ENTITLED "RISK FACTORS" ON PAGE 9 OF THIS
PROSPECTUS AND CONSIDER THESE FACTORS BEFORE MAKING A DECISION TO INVEST IN
THESE SECURITIES.
These securities are mortgage loan asset-backed securities which represent
interests in or obligations of the trust issuing that series of securities and
are not interests in or obligations of any other person or entity.
Neither these securities nor the mortgage loans will be insured or guaranteed
by any governmental agency or instrumentality.
Retain this prospectus for future reference. This prospectus may not be used to
consummate sales of securities unless accompained by the prospectus supplement
relating to the offering of these securities.
THE SECURITIES --
- - will be issued from time to time in series
- - will be issued by trusts established by Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc.
- - will be backed by one or more pools of mortgage loans held by the issuing
trust
- - will be rated in one of the four highest rating categories by at least one
nationally recognized statistical rating organization
- - may have the benefit of one or more forms of credit enhancement, such as
insurance policies, overcollateralization, subordination or reserve funds.
THE ASSETS --
The assets of each trust will primarily consist of a pool of mortgage loans,
funds on deposit in one or more accounts and forms of credit support described
in this prospectus and in the prospectus supplement.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS IS JULY __, 1999
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IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS PROSPECTUS
AND THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
We provide information to you about the securities in two separate
documents that progressively provide more detail: (1) this prospectus, which
provides general information, some of which may not apply to a particular series
of securities, and (2) the prospectus supplement, which describes the specific
terms of your series of securities.
This prospectus by itself does not contain complete information about
the offering of your securities; the balance of that information is contained in
the prospectus supplement. We suggest that you read both this prospectus and the
prospectus supplement in full. We cannot sell the securities to you unless you
have received both this prospectus and the prospectus supplement.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
SUMMARY OF PROSPECTUS...............................4
RISK FACTORS........................................9
THE MORTGAGE LOANS.................................15
Interest Payments on the Mortgage Loans......18
Prepayment Fees; Due on Sale Clauses;
Assumable Mortgage Loans.....................18
Statistical Information Concerning the
Mortgage Loans...............................18
MORTGAGE LOAN PROGRAM AND UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES..19
Description of Underwriting Guidelines.......20
Representations and Warranties Concerning
the Mortgage Loans...........................23
The Master Servicer May Act Through Sub-
Servicers....................................23
DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES......................24
General Payment Terms of Securities..........25
Payment Date Distributions...................26
Determination of Principal and Interest on
the Securities...............................26
Yield Considerations.........................27
Maturity And Prepayment Considerations.......28
Form of Securities...........................29
Assignment of Mortgage Loans.................31
Pre-Funding Feature; Mandatory Prepayment....31
Payments on Mortgage Loans; Deposits to
Accounts.....................................32
Withdrawals from the Principal and Interest
Account......................................33
Delinquency Advances and Servicing Advances..34
Reports to Securityholders...................36
DESCRIPTION OF CREDIT ENHANCEMENT..................36
Financial Guaranty Insurance Policies........36
Cross Support Among Classes..................37
Overcollateralization........................37
Subordination of Classes.....................38
Letter of Credit.............................38
Reserve Accounts.............................38
Derivative Contracts.........................38
Reduction or Substitution of Credit
Enhancement .................................38
SERVICING PROCEDURES...............................39
Collection and Other Servicing Procedures....39
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Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans....41
Hazard Insurance Policies....................42
THE SPONSOR........................................43
THE MASTER SERVICER................................43
AVAILABLE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION OF
INFORMATION BY REFERENCE......................43
THE AGREEMENTS.....................................45
Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment
of Expenses..................................45
Evidence as to Compliance....................45
Removal and Resignation of the Master
Servicer ....................................46
Amendments to the Agreements.................47
Retirement of Securities; Redemption.........47
The Trustee..................................48
LEGAL ASPECTS OF MORTGAGE LOANS....................49
Enforcement of the Mortgage Note.............49
Deeds of Trust or Mortgages..................50
Cooperative Loans............................51
Foreclosure of Mortgage Loans................51
Foreclosure on Cooperative Loans.............52
Rights of Redemption.........................53
Environmental Legislation....................53
Enforceability of Mortgage Loans Provisions..53
California Deeds of Trust....................54
Applicability of Usury Laws..................55
Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of
1940 ........................................55
MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES...........56
Grantor Trust Securities.....................57
REMIC Securities.............................59
Special Tax Attributes.......................59
Debt Securities..............................67
Partnership Interests........................68
FASIT Securities.............................70
Discount and Premium.........................72
Backup Withholding...........................76
Foreign Investors............................76
STATE TAX CONSIDERATIONS...........................78
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS...............................78
Certificates.................................79
Notes........................................81
Consultation With Counsel....................82
REPORTS............................................82
INVESTMENT MATTERS.................................82
USE OF PROCEEDS....................................83
METHODS OF DISTRIBUTION............................83
LEGAL MATTERS......................................83
FINANCIAL INFORMATION..............................83
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.............................83
ANNEX I.............................................1
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SUMMARY OF PROSPECTUS
- - This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus and does
not contain all of the information that you need to consider in making your
investment decision. To understand all of the terms of the offering of the
securities, carefully read this entire prospectus and the accompanying
prospectus supplement.
- - This summary provides an overview of the structural elements, calculations,
cash flows and other information to aid your understanding and is qualified by
the full description of these calculations, cash flows and other information in
this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement.
SECURITIES
Mortgage loan asset-backed certificates and mortgage loan asset-backed
notes issuable from time to time in series, in fully registered form or book
entry only form, in authorized denominations, as described in the prospectus
supplement.
THE SPONSOR
Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc. is a Nevada corporation whose principal
offices are located at 10790 Rancho Bernardo Road, San Diego, California 92127
and its telephone number is (858) 676-3099.
THE MASTER SERVICER
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA or its successors and assigns.
THE SUB-SERVICERS
The master servicer may appoint sub-servicers, who may be affiliates, to
perform its servicing duties.
ISSUER OF SECURITIES
The issuer of each series of securities will be a trust established by the
sponsor or one of its affiliates. The securities will either be notes or
certificates. Notes will represent indebtedness of the trust. Certificates will
represent beneficial ownership interests in the trust.
THE MORTGAGE LOANS
Each trust will hold one or more pools of mortgage loans, which may
include:
- - conventional, non-government insured mortgage loans secured by one-to-four
family residential properties;
- - mortgage loans secured by condominiums or security interests in shares in
cooperative housing corporations;
- - mortgage loans on manufactured homes;
- - mortgage loans secured by junior liens on mortgaged properties;
- - mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios in excess of 100% of the appraised
value of the related mortgaged property but not in excess of 125%; and
- - revolving home equity lines of credit.
The mortgage loans may be located in any one of the 50 states, the District
of Columbia or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
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The sponsor will direct each trust to acquire the mortgage loans from
affiliated originators, unaffiliated originators or warehouse trusts.
- - Mortgage loans originated by affiliated originators will have been
originated in accordance with the sponsor's underwriting guidelines.
- - Mortgage loans originated by unaffiliated originators and purchased by the
sponsor or its affiliates will have been originated either in accordance
with the sponsor's guidelines or in accordance with guidelines approved by
the sponsor.
- - Mortgage loans may have been purchased by the sponsor in bulk acquisitions
and those loans will have been originated in accordance with the original
originator's guidelines.
THE SECURITIES
The securities of a series may be issued in one or more classes, as
specified in the prospectus supplement. One or more classes of securities of
each series:
- - may be entitled to receive distributions allocable only to principal, only
to interest or to any combination of principal and interest;
- - may only be entitled to receive distributions of prepayments of principal
throughout the lives of the securities or during specified periods;
- - may be subordinated in its right to receive distributions of scheduled
payments of principal, prepayments of principal, and payments of principal
and interest to one or more other classes of the same series throughout the
life of the securities or during specified periods;
- - may be entitled to receive distributions only after a specified period of
time has passed, a specified amount of principal has been paid down, or a
specified percentage of credit enhancement has built up: this could take
the form of a lockout feature, in which a class receives no principal
distributions for an initial period, then receives all principal
distributions for a period: subordinated classes could be entitled to
receive payments of principal only after a specified overcollaterization
target had been met;
- - may be entitled to receive distributions in accordance with a schedule or
formula or on the basis of collections from designated portions of the
assets in the issuing trust;
- - may be entitled to receive interest at a fixed rate or a rate that is
subject to change from time to time;
- - may accrue, and not pay, interest until other classes of the series have
been paid in full; the accrued interest will be added to the principal or
notional amount of the securities and will be payable only after the other
classes have been paid; and
- - may be entitled to distributions allocable to interest only after the
occurrence of specified events; the accrued interest will be added to the
principal or notional amount of the securities until the specified events
occur.
The timing and amounts of distributions may vary among classes, over time, or
otherwise as specified in the prospectus supplement.
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Interest only and principal only securities are subject to investment risks
that are a function of the prepayment speed of the underlying pool of mortgage
loans, optional or mandatory prepayment features of the securities, and the
price paid for the securities. Some investors in these securities could lose
their investment. The ratings assigned to these securities frequently will not
address these risks, so a substantial loss may not be inconsistent with a high
rating. These interest only and principal only securities are appropriate
investments only for sophisticated investors who are able to independently
assess the risks of their investment.
DISTRIBUTIONS ON THE SECURITIES
Owners of securities will be entitled to receive payments in the manner
described in the prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement will specify:
- - whether distributions will be made monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or at
other intervals;
- - the amount allocable to payments of principal and the amount allocable to
payments of interest on any distribution date; and
- - the priorities which govern the distributions of principal and interest.
PRE-FUNDING FEATURE
A trust may enter into agreements with the sponsor, in which the sponsor
will request or direct the trust to acquire mortgage loans after the securities
are issued. The transfer of mortgage loans after the date the securities are
issued is known as the pre-funding feature. Any subsequent mortgage loans will
be required to conform to the requirements described in the prospectus
supplement. If the pre-funding feature is used, the trustee or indenture trustee
will be required to deposit all or a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the
securities of the series in a segregated account. The subsequent mortgage loans
will be transferred to the trust in exchange for money released from the
segregated account. These transfers must occur within a specified period, not to
exceed one year. If a trust elects federal income treatment as a REMIC or as a
grantor trust, the pre-funding period will be limited to three months. If all of
the monies originally deposited in the account are not used by the end of the
specified period, all remaining monies will be applied as a mandatory prepayment
of a class or classes of securities.
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
The master servicer or any of its affiliated sub-servicers or, if
applicable, the credit enhancement provider may, at their respective options,
cause the early redemption of a series of securities through the purchase of the
mortgage loans in the trust. The optional redemption may only occur on a date
following the date when the aggregate outstanding principal balance of either
the securities or the mortgage loans is reduced below a specified percentage of
their respective original balances.
MANDATORY REDEMPTION
The trustee or the indenture trustee, as applicable, the master servicer or
any of its affiliated sub-servicers or other persons specified in the prospectus
supplement may be required to cause the early redemption of a series of
securities by soliciting competitive bids for the purchase of the assets of the
trust or otherwise.
If a pre-funding feature is used for any series of securities, at the end
of the pre-
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funding period any unused amounts will be applied as a mandatory redemption of a
class or classes of securities.
ADVANCES
The servicer of the mortgage loans may be obligated to advance delinquent
installments of interest, or principal and interest, less applicable servicing
fees, on the mortgage loans. The obligation to make advances may be limited to
amounts due to the owners of securities of the series, amounts deemed to be
recoverable from late payments or liquidation proceeds, specified periods or to
any combination of these considerations. The extent of the obligation to make
advances will be specified in the prospectus supplement. The advance will be
recoverable as specified in the prospectus supplement.
In addition, the servicer may be obligated, in some months to pay interest
shortfalls which arise due to prepayments on the mortgage loans in the month in
which the prepayment occurs. The payment must come from the servicer's own funds
without any right of reimbursement but are limited to the servicing fee the
master servicer collected that month.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
Credit enhancement refers to a mechanism that is intended to protect the
owners of securities against losses due to defaults on the mortgage loans. A
series of securities, or some of the classes within the series, may have the
benefit of one or more types of credit enhancement including but not limited to,
the following:
- - the use of excess interest to cover losses and to distribute as principal
to create overcollateralization;
- - the subordination of distributions on the lower classes of securities to
the required distributions in more senior classes of securities;
- - the allocation of losses on the mortgage loans to the lower classes of
securities; and
- - the use of cross support, reserve funds, financial guarantee insurance
policies, guarantees, letters of credit and similar instruments and
arrangements.
The protection against losses afforded by any credit enhancement will be
limited in the manner described in the prospectus supplement.
BOOK ENTRY REGISTRATION
One or more classes of a series of securities may be issued in book entry
form in the name of a clearing agency registered with the Securities and
Exchange Commission or its nominee. Transfers and pledges of book entry
securities may be made only through entries on the books of the clearing agency.
All references to the holders or owners of securities mean the beneficial
owners, unless the context specifically requires otherwise.
FEDERAL INCOME
TAX CONSEQUENCES
The securities of each series will, for federal income tax purposes,
constitute one of the following:
- - interests in a trust treated as a grantor trust under applicable provisions
of the Internal Revenue Code,
- - regular interests or residual interests in a trust treated as a real estate
mortgage investment conduit or REMIC under
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Sections 860A through 860G of the Internal Revenue Code,
- - debt issued by a trust,
- - interests in a trust which is treated as a partnership, or
- - regular interests or high-yield interests in a trust treated as a financial
asset securitization investment conduit or FASIT under Sections 860H
through 860L of the Internal Revenue Code.
We suggest that you review Material Federal Income Tax Consequences
beginning on page 56 in this prospectus and in the prospectus supplement. In
addition, you may wish to consult your own tax advisor concerning your
investment.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
A fiduciary of a pension, profit sharing or other employee benefit plan may
wish to review with its legal advisors whether the purchase, holding or
disposition of securities could give rise to a prohibited transaction under
ERISA, or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, and whether an exemption
from the prohibited transaction rules is available. We suggest that you review
ERISA Considerations beginning on page 79 in this prospectus and in the
prospectus supplement.
LEGAL INVESTMENT MATTERS
The prospectus supplement will state whether or not the securities will
constitute mortgage related securities under the Secondary Mortgage Market
Enhancement Act of 1984.
RATING
Each class of securities offered by a prospectus supplement will be rated
in one of the four highest rating categories of at least one nationally
recognized statistical rating agency.
RISK FACTORS
Investment in the securities will be subject to one or more risk factors,
including declines in the value of mortgaged properties, prepayment of mortgage
loans, higher risks of defaults on particular types of mortgage loans,
limitations on security for the mortgage loans, limitations on credit
enhancement and various other factors. We suggest that you read Risk Factors
beginning on page 9 in this prospectus and in the prospectus supplement for a
discussion of these and other risk factors that you may wish to consider before
investing in the securities.
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RISK FACTORS
You may wish to consider the following risk factors prior to any
purchase of any class of securities. You may also wish to consider the
information under the caption "Risk Factors" in the accompanying prospectus
supplement.
YOU MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SELL YOUR SECURITIES, AND MAY HAVE TO HOLD YOUR
SECURITIES TO MATURITY EVEN THOUGH YOU MAY WANT TO SELL IT.
A secondary market for these securities is unlikely to develop. If it does
develop, it may not provide you with sufficient liquidity of investment or
continue for the life of these securities. The underwriters may establish a
secondary market in the securities, although no underwriter will be obligated to
do so. The securities are not expected to be listed on any securities exchange
or quoted in the automated quotation system of a registered securities
association.
Issuance of the securities in book-entry form may also reduce the liquidity in
the secondary trading market, since some investors may be unwilling to purchase
securities for which they cannot obtain definitive physical securities.
PREPAYMENTS ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS COULD CAUSE YOU TO BE PAID EARLIER THAN YOU
EXPECT, WHICH MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT YOUR YIELD TO MATURITY.
- - The yield to maturity of the securities may be adversely affected by a
higher or lower than anticipated rate of prepayments on the mortgage loans.
If you purchase a security at a premium based on your expectations as to
its maturity or weighted average life, and the security pays principal more
quickly than you expected, your yield will be reduced and you may not
recover the premium you paid.
- - The yield to maturity on interest only securities will be extremely
sensitive to the rate of prepayments on the mortgage loans. If the mortgage
loans prepay very quickly the yield on an interest only security could be
dramatically reduced.
- - The mortgage loans may be prepaid in full or in part at any time, although
prepayment may require the borrower to pay a prepayment penalty or premium.
These penalties will generally not be property of the trust, and will not
be available for distributions to you.
- - We cannot predict the rate of prepayments of the loans, which is influenced
by a wide variety of economic, social and other factors, including
prevailing mortgage market interest rates, the availability of alternative
financing, local and regional economic conditions and homeowner mobility.
Therefore, we can give no assurance as to the level of prepayments that a
trust will experience.
- Prepayments may result from mandatory redemptions relating to unused
monies held in pre-funding accounts, voluntary early payments by borrowers,
payments in connection with refinancings of the first mortgages, sales of
mortgaged properties subject to "due-on-sale" provisions and liquidations
due to default, as well as the receipt of proceeds from mortgage
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insurance policies, credit life and disability insurance policies. In
addition, repurchases or purchases of mortgage loans from the trust or the
payment of substitution adjustments will have the same effect on the
securities as a prepayment of the loans.
- - One or more classes of securities of any series may be subject to optional
or mandatory redemption in whole or in part, on or after a specified date,
or on or after the time when the aggregate outstanding principal amount of
the mortgage loans or the securities is less than a specified amount or
percentage.
Any of the foregoing principal prepayments may adversely affect the yield to
maturity of the prepaid securities. Since prevailing interest rates are subject
to fluctuation, there can be no assurance that you will be able to reinvest
these prepaid amounts at a yield equaling or exceeding the yield on your
securities. You will bear the risk of reinvesting unscheduled distributions
resulting from a redemption.
CREDIT ENHANCEMENT, IF PROVIDED, WILL BE LIMITED IN BOTH AMOUNT AND SCOPE OF
COVERAGE, AND MAY NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO COVER ALL LOSSES OR RISKS ON YOUR
INVESTMENT.
Credit enhancement may be provided in limited amounts to cover some, but not
all, types of losses on the mortgage loans and may reduce over time in
accordance with a schedule or formula. Furthermore, credit enhancement may
provide only very limited coverage as to some types of losses, and may provide
no coverage as to other types of losses. Credit enhancement does not directly or
indirectly guarantee to the investors any specified rate of prepayments, which
is one of the principal risks of your investment. The amount and types of credit
enhancement coverage, the identification of any entity providing the credit
enhancement, the terms of any subordination and any other information will be
described in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
PROPERTY VALUES MAY DECLINE, LEADING TO HIGHER LOSSES ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS.
An investment in securities which are backed by residential real estate loans
may be affected by a decline in real estate values and changes in the borrowers'
financial condition. If property values decline, the rates of delinquencies and
foreclosures could rise, increasing the likelihood of loss. If these losses are
not covered by any credit enhancement, you will bear the risk of these losses
and will have to look primarily to the value of the mortgaged properties for
recovery of the outstanding principal and unpaid interest on the defaulted
loans.
MORTGAGE LOANS WITH BALLOON PAYMENT FEATURES MAY HAVE GREATER DEFAULT RISK.
Some of the mortgage loans may be balloon loans that provide for the payment of
a large remaining principal balance in a single payment at maturity. The
mortgagor on this type of loan may not be able to pay the large payment, and may
also be unable to refinance the mortgage loan at maturity. As a result, the
default risk associated with balloon loans may be greater than that associated
with fully amortizing loans because of the large payment at maturity.
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MORTGAGE LOANS WITH HIGH LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIOS MAY NOT HAVE ADEQUATE SECURITY IN
THE EVENT OF A DEFAULT, WHICH MAY RESULT IN MORE SEVERE LOSSES.
Even though all of the mortgage loans will be secured by residential real
estate, in some cases the value of the real estate may be close to, or even less
than, the amount of the mortgage loan. As a result, the mortgaged properties may
not provide adequate security for these high loan-to-value loans. The
underwriting analysis for high loan-to-value loans relies more heavily on the
mortgagor's creditworthiness than on the protection afforded by the security
interest in the mortgaged property.
Additionally, there is also the risk that if mortgagor sells the property, he or
she may be unable to pay the mortgage loan in full from the proceeds of the sale
and may default. The costs incurred by the servicer in the collection and
liquidation of high loan-to-value loans may be higher than for other loans,
because the servicer may be required to pursue collection solely against the
mortgagor and not the property. Consequently, the losses on defaulted high
loan-to-value loans may be more severe as there is no assurance that proceeds
from the sale will be sufficient to repay the mortgage loan.
MORTGAGE LOANS SECURED BY JUNIOR LIENS MAY EXPERIENCE HIGHER RATES OF
DELINQUENCIES AND LOSSES.
Some of the mortgage loans will be secured by second, or even more junior, liens
which are subordinate to the rights of the more senior mortgagees. As a result,
the proceeds from any liquidation, insurance or condemnation proceedings will be
available to satisfy the principal balance of a mortgage loan only to the extent
that the claims of all senior mortgagees have been satisfied in full. In
addition, a mortgagee secured by a junior lien may not foreclose on the
mortgaged property unless it either pays off the senior mortgage or undertakes
to make payments on the senior mortgage. The trust will not have any source of
funds to satisfy any senior mortgage or make payments due to any senior
mortgagee. This lack of funds could prevent the trust from foreclosing on a
junior lien mortgage in a timely manner which may lead to increased loss.
FORECLOSURE OF MORTGAGED PROPERTIES INVOLVE DELAYS AND EXPENSE AND COULD CAUSE
LOSSES ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS.
Even if the mortgaged properties provide adequate security for the mortgage
loans, substantial delays could be encountered and substantial costs could be
incurred in connection with the foreclosure of defaulted loans, and
corresponding delays in the receipt of the foreclosure proceeds could occur.
Foreclosures are regulated by state statutes, rules and judicial decisions and
are subject to many of the delays and expenses of other lawsuits, sometimes
requiring several years to complete. The master servicer will in most cases be
entitled to reimburse itself for any expenses it has paid in attempting to
recover amounts due on the liquidated loans, including payments to prior
lienholders, accrued fees of the master servicer, legal fees and costs of legal
action, real estate taxes, and maintenance and preservation expenses, all which
will reduce the amount of the net proceeds to the trust and the amount available
to make distributions to you.
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GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION OF MORTGAGED PROPERTIES MAY RESULT IN HIGHER LOSSES, IF
PARTICULAR REGIONS EXPERIENCE DOWNTURNS.
Some geographic regions from time to time will experience weaker regional
economic conditions and housing markets than will other regions, and,
consequently, will experience higher rates of loss and delinquency. The mortgage
loans series of securities may be concentrated in these weaker regions, and
these concentrations may present risks in addition to those present for similar
asset-backed securities without these concentrations. Information about
geographic concentration of mortgaged properties will be specified in the
accompanying prospectus supplement.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF THE MORTGAGED PROPERTY MAY GIVE RISE TO LIABILITY FOR
THE TRUST, WHICH COULD REDUCE THE AMOUNTS AVAILABLE TO PAY YOU ON YOUR
SECURITIES.
Real property pledged as security to the trust may be subject to environmental
risks which could cause losses on your securities. Under the laws of some
states, contamination of a mortgaged property may give rise to a lien on the
mortgaged property to assure the costs of clean up. In several states, this type
of lien has priority over the lien of an existing mortgage or owner's interest
against the property. In addition, under the laws of some states and under
federal law, a lender may be liable for costs of addressing releases or
threatened releases of hazardous substances that require remedy at a property,
if agents or employees of the lender have become sufficiently involved in the
operations of the borrower, regardless of whether or not the environmental
damage or threat was caused by a prior owner. A lender such as a trust also will
increase its risk of environmental liability upon the foreclosure of the
mortgaged property, since the trust may then become the legal owner of the
property.
SECURITY INTERESTS IN MANUFACTURED HOMES MAY NOT BE PERFECTED AND THE TRUST MAY
NOT REALIZE UPON THE FULL AMOUNT DUE UNDER THE MORTGAGE LOAN.
Some of the mortgage loans may be secured by manufactured homes and, in some
cases, the real estate on which the manufactured home is located. Some federal
and state laws, which do not apply to other types of mortgage loans, limit the
master servicer's ability to foreclose on manufactured homes or may limit the
amount realized to less than the amount due under the mortgage loan. These
limitations could cause losses on your securities.
STATE AND FEDERAL CREDIT PROTECTION LAWS MAY LIMIT COLLECTION OF PRINCIPAL AND
INTEREST ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS.
Residential mortgage lending is highly regulated at both the federal and state
levels and violations of these laws, policies and principles may limit the
ability of the servicer to collect all or part of the amounts due on the
mortgage loans, may entitle the borrower to a refund of amounts previously paid
and, in addition, could subject the trust, as the owner of the mortgage loan, to
claims for damages and to administrative enforcement. The occurrence of any of
the foregoing could cause losses on your securities.
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THE SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' CIVIL RELIEF ACT MAY LIMIT THE MASTER SERVICER'S
ABILITY TO COLLECT ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS.
The terms of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940, or similar
state mortgage legislation, benefit mortgagors who enter military service,
including a mortgagor who is a member of the National Guard or is in reserve
status at the time of the origination of the mortgage loan and is later called
to active duty. These mortgagors may not be charged interest, including fees and
charges, above an annual rate of 6% during the period of the mortgagor's active
duty status, unless a court orders otherwise upon application of the lender. The
implementation of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act could have an
adverse effect, for an indeterminate period of time, on the ability of the
servicer to collect full amounts of interest on these mortgage loans.
In addition, the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act imposes limitations
that would impair the ability of the master servicer to foreclose on loans
during the mortgagor's period of active duty status. Thus, in the event that
these mortgage loans go into default, there may be delays and losses occasioned
by the inability to foreclose on the mortgaged property in a timely fashion.
THE RATINGS ASSIGNED TO YOUR SECURITIES BY THE RATING AGENCIES MAY BE LOWERED OR
WITHDRAWN AT ANYTIME, WHICH MAY AFFECT YOUR ABILITY TO SELL YOUR SECURITIES.
The ratings assigned to the securities will be based on, among other things, the
adequacy of the assets of the trust and any credit enhancement for a series of
securities. Any rating which is assigned may not remain in effect for any given
period of time or may be lowered or withdrawn entirely by the rating agencies
if, in their judgment, circumstances in the future so warrant. Ratings may also
be lowered or withdrawn because of an adverse change in the financial or other
condition of a provider of credit enhancement or a change in the rating of a
credit enhancement provider's long term debt at anytime, which may affect your
ability to sell your securities.
THE SPONSOR'S UNDERWRITING STANDARDS ARE LESS STRINGENT THAN THOSE USED BY
FEDERAL AGENCIES, WHICH MAY INCREASE RISK OF DEFAULT.
The sponsor's and its affiliates' underwriting standards consider, among other
things, a mortgagor's credit history, repayment ability and debt-to-income
ratio, as well as the value of the mortgaged property. The sponsor's and its
affiliates' mortgage loan program provides for the origination of mortgage loans
with credit characteristics that do not meet Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac
underwriting guidelines. These mortgage loans may be more likely to become
delinquent or go into default than mortgage loans which are eligible under
Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac guidelines, and may experience higher rates of
delinquency and default.
A TRUST WITH A PRE-FUNDING FEATURE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ACQUIRE ENOUGH ADDITIONAL
MORTGAGE LOANS, LEADING TO AN UNEXPECTED PREPAYMENT.
In the event that the sponsor does not have enough subsequent mortgage loans to
deliver to a trust on or before the end of the pre-funding period, the
securityholders will receive a prepayment of principal. Any principal prepayment
may adversely affect the yield to maturity of your securities if you purchased
them at a premium. Prevailing interest rates are subject to
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fluctuation, so you may not be able to reinvest a prepayment at yields at or
above the yields on your securities.
A TRUST MAY INCLUDE MORTGAGE LOANS PURCHASED IN BULK FROM ANOTHER ORIGINATOR,
THESE MORTGAGE LOANS MAY NOT PERFORM AS WELL AS THE MORTGAGE LOANS ORIGINATED BY
THE SPONSOR OR ITS AFFILIATES.
A trust may include mortgage loans acquired in a bulk purchase. These mortgage
loans may be of a different credit quality than the sponsor's and its
affiliates' own mortgage loans, and may only be reviewed by the sponsor on a
sample basis. These mortgage loans may experience higher rates of delinquencies
and defaults.
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE LOANS MAY BE MORE LIKELY TO DEFAULT WHEN THE LOAN
PAYMENTS INCREASE.
Adjustable rate mortgage loans may be underwritten on the basis of an low
initial interest rate and an assessment that mortgagors will have the ability to
make higher payments as a result of a higher interest rate after relatively
short periods of time. In some instances, mortgagors' income may not be
sufficient to enable them to continue to make their loan payments as the amount
of the payments increase, therefore the likelihood of default will increase.
PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE MORTGAGE LOANS MAY REDUCE AMOUNT OF COLLECTIONS ON THE
MORTGAGE LOANS WHICH MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT INVESTMENT.
Some of the mortgage loans may constitute pay-for-performance mortgage loans
which are originated with a stated coupon rate which may decrease if the
mortgagor maintains a steady history of timely payments over a specified period
of time. A decrease in coupon rate, although indicative of good payment
performance, may result in decreased cash proceeds received by the trust and as
a result, less cash will be available for distribution to securityholders.
INTEREST ONLY FEATURE OF REVOLVING HOME EQUITY LINES OF CREDIT MAY ADVERSELY
AFFECT INVESTMENT.
The home equity lines of credit have an interest only feature during the initial
three or five year draw period, and borrowers are only required to pay the
greater of $50.00 or the finance charge that accrued on the outstanding balance
of the home equity line of credit during the billing period. No principal
payments are required during the draw period. As a result, amounts collected by
the trust attributable to principal payments may be minimal during the draw
period and little or no principal will be paid to holders of securities issued
by the trust during the draw period.
The master servicer or the originator may each extend the draw period of a
revolving home equity line of credit in accordance with the terms of the loan
agreement. The decision to extend the draw period may include a review of
specific credit criteria. The ability to postpone the amortization of principal
by extending the draw period may have the additional effect of increasing the
combined loan-to-value ratio of the mortgage loan which in turn may increase the
likelihood of default.
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THE TRUSTS
From time to time, Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc., in its capacity
as the sponsor of the trusts, will cause a separate trust to issue one or more
series of mortgage loan asset-backed certificates or mortgage loan asset-backed
notes. The primary assets of each trust will consist of a segregated pool of
one- to four-family residential mortgage loans, acquired by that trust from one
or more originators, the sponsor, its affiliates or from trusts created by the
sponsor or its affiliates to finance the origination of mortgage loans. The
certificates issued by a trust will represent beneficial ownership interests in
the mortgage loans held by that trust, and the notes will represent debt secured
by the mortgage loans.
Each trust will be established by to a trust agreement between the
sponsor and the designated trustee.
Securities that represent debt of a trust will be issued under an
indenture and securities that represent beneficial ownership interests in a
trust will be issued under a trust agreement.
The mortgage loans held by each trust will be master serviced by
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA.
Each security will be backed only by the assets of the trust that
issued the security, and not the assets of any other trust except that in
limited situations, collections on mortgage loans in one trust in excess of
amounts needed to pay the securities may be used to make payments on securities
issued by other trusts, or may be reallocated as directed by the sponsor.
In the case of any individual trust, the contractual arrangements
relating to the establishment of the trust, the servicing of the mortgage loans
and the issuance of the securities may be contained in a single agreement, or in
several agreements which combine aspects of the trust agreement, the servicing
agreement and the indenture. For purposes of this prospectus, the term
agreements means all of the agreements relating to the establishment of the
trust, the servicing of the mortgage loans held by the trust and the issuance of
the securities by the trust.
THE MORTGAGE LOANS
TYPES OF MORTGAGE LOANS WHICH WILL BE HELD BY THE TRUSTS.
Each pool will consist primarily of mortgage loans, minus any portion
of the accrued interest payments due that may have been retained by any
originator or broker, or any other interest retained by the sponsor or any
affiliate of the sponsor, including interest accrued and principal collected
prior to the cut-off date. The mortgage loans will be evidenced by mortgage
notes secured by mortgages or deeds of trust or other similar security
instruments creating a lien on one- to four-family residential properties. The
mortgaged properties will consist primarily of attached or detached
single-family dwelling units, two- to four-family dwelling units, condominiums,
townhouses, row houses, individual units in planned-unit developments,
cooperative apartment loans secured by security interests in shares issued by
cooperatives, small mixed use properties, and manufactured houses. The mortgaged
properties may be owner
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occupied properties, which includes second and vacation homes, and non-owner
occupied properties. A mortgage loan may also be secured by the pledge of a
limited amount of non real estate collateral, such as fixtures or personal
property that includes, but is not limited to, furniture and appliances.
The mortgaged properties may be located in any one of the fifty states,
the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico or any other territories of the United
States. The mortgage loans will be what are commonly referred to as conventional
loans, meaning loans that are not insured or guaranteed by any governmental
agency. Mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios or principal balances greater
than a specified amount may be covered wholly or partially by primary mortgage
insurance policies.
Each mortgage loan will be selected by the sponsor for inclusion in a
trust from among mortgage loans originated by one or more institutions
affiliated with the sponsor, or purchased by the sponsor from banks, savings and
loan associations, mortgage bankers, mortgage brokers, investment banking firms,
the FDIC and other mortgage loan originators or purchasers not affiliated with
the sponsor. The characteristics of the mortgage loans in a trust will be
described in the prospectus supplement.
All of the mortgage loans will have payments that are due monthly or
bi-weekly, and will consist of one or more of the following types:
- - Fixed-rate, fully-amortizing mortgage loans which may include mortgage
loans converted from adjustable-rate mortgage loans or otherwise modified
providing for level monthly payments of principal and interest and terms at
origination or modification of generally not more than 30 years;
- - Adjustable rate mortgage loans having original or modified terms to
maturity of generally not more than 30 years with a coupon rate that
adjusts periodically, at the intervals described in the mortgage note over
the term of the mortgage loan. The adjustable coupon rate is equal to the
sum of a fixed margin and a specified index such as, by way of example:
- - U.S. treasury securities of a specified constant maturity,
- - weekly auction average investment yield of U.S. treasury bills of specified
maturities,
- - prime,
- - the cost of funds of member institutions for the Federal Home Loan Bank of
San Francisco, or
- - London Interbank Offered Rate.
The prospectus supplement will describe the relevant index, and aggregate
information regarding the highest, lowest and weighted average margins with
respect to the adjustable rate loans in the trust. An adjustable rate loan may
include a provision that allows the mortgagor to convert the adjustable coupon
rate to a fixed rate at some point during the term.
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- - Fixed-rate, graduated payment mortgage loans having original or modified
terms to maturity of generally not more than 30 years with monthly payments
during the first year calculated on the basis of an assumed coupon rate
that will be lower than the coupon rate for to the mortgage loan in
subsequent years. Deferred interest, if any, will be added to the principal
balance of the mortgage loans;
- - Fixed-rate, graduated payment mortgage loans having original or modified
terms to maturity of generally not more than 30 years with monthly payments
in subsequent years that are calculated on the basis of an assumed coupon
rate that will be lower than the coupon rate for the loan in the first year
or first two years. These mortgage loans require that the mortgagor qualify
under certain positive criteria, including, but not limited to, a good
payment history;
- - Balloon mortgage loans, which are mortgage loans having original or
modified terms to maturity of generally 5 to 15 years, which may have level
monthly payments of principal and interest based generally on a 10- to
30-year amortization schedule. The amount of the monthly payment may remain
constant until the maturity date, upon which date the full outstanding
principal balance on the balloon loan will be due and payable;
- - Modified mortgage loans, which are fixed or adjustable rate mortgage loans
providing for terms at the time of modification of generally not more than
30 years. Modified mortgage loans may have been consolidated or have had
various terms changed, mortgage loans which have been converted from
adjustable rate mortgage loans to fixed rate mortgage loans, or
construction loans which have been converted to permanent mortgage loans;
- - Hybrid mortgage loans which are originated having original or modified
terms to maturity of not more than 30 years with monthly payments during
the first two, three, four, or five years, as applicable, calculated at a
fixed coupon rate, which fixed coupon rate then converts to an adjustable
rate for the remainder of the term of the loan. Hybrid loans are included
in adjustable rate mortgage loan pools in most instances;
- - Revolving home equity loans. Interest on each revolving home equity loan
may be computed and payable monthly on the average daily outstanding
principal balance of the loan. From time to time prior to the expiration of
the draw period, additional principal amounts on the revolving home equity
loan may be borrowed up to a maximum amount set forth in the credit line
agreement. Under a revolving home equity loan, during the draw period, the
borrower is obligated to pay only the amount of interest which accrues on
the loan during the billing cycle, but may also elect to pay all or a
portion of the principal. Following the conclusion of the draw period, the
borrower must begin to make regular scheduled payments of principal and
interest commence;
- - Mortgage loans, which contain a feature permitting the coupon rate to be
adjusted one or more times, but not below a specified floor, depending on
the mortgagor's history of payments over a specified period or periods of
time; or
- - Convertible mortgage loans, which can be either adjustable rate loans,
which allow the mortgagors to convert the adjustable rates to a fixed rate
at some point during the life of the
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mortgage loans or fixed rate mortgage loans, which allow the mortgagors to
convert the fixed rates to an adjustable rate.
INTEREST PAYMENTS ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS
Interest will be calculated on each mortgage loan by one of three
methods:
Date of Payment or Simple Interest. This method provides that interest
is charged to the mortgagor at the applicable coupon rate on the outstanding
principal balance of the mortgage note and calculated based on the number of
days elapsed between receipt of the mortgagor's last payment through receipt of
the mortgagor's most current payment. The interest is deducted from the
mortgagor's payment amount and the remainder, if any, of the payment is applied
as a reduction to the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage note.
Actuarial Loans. This method provides that interest is charged to the
mortgagor, and payments are due from the mortgagor, as of a scheduled day of
each month which is fixed at the time of origination.
Rule of 78's Loans. This method provides for the payment by the
mortgagor of a specified total amount of payments, payable in equal monthly
installments on each due date, which total represents the principal amount
financed and add-on interest in an amount calculated on the basis of the stated
coupon rate for the term of the mortgage loan. The rate at which the amount of
add-on interest is earned and, correspondingly, the amount of each fixed monthly
payment allocated to reduction of the outstanding principal are calculated in
accordance with the rule of 78's.
PREPAYMENT FEES; DUE ON SALE CLAUSES; ASSUMABLE MORTGAGE LOANS
Prepayments of principal may be subject to a prepayment fee, which may
be fixed for the life of the mortgage loan, may decline over time or may be
prohibited for a period of time. The mortgage loans may include due-on-sale
clauses which permit the mortgagee to demand payment of the entire mortgage loan
in connection with the sale or transfer of the mortgaged property. Other
mortgage loans may be assumable by persons meeting the then applicable
underwriting standards of the originator.
STATISTICAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE MORTGAGE LOANS
The prospectus supplement for each series of securities will contain
statistical information on the characteristics of the mortgage loans held by the
trust. This statistical information may be based on a sample of the mortgage
loans, and will be presented as of a statistical calculation date, which may
also be the cut-off date. The statistical information may include, among other
things, to the extent applicable to the particular trust:
- - the aggregate outstanding principal balance;
- - the average outstanding principal balance;
- - the range of loan-to-value ratios and combined loan-to-value ratios;
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- - the range of the coupon rates; and
- - the geographical distribution of the mortgage loans.
If the statistical information presented in a prospectus supplement is
calculated as of a date earlier than the cut-off date for the trust, the actual
statistical characteristics as of the cut-off date will not deviate by more than
5% from the information that is presented.
Preliminary or more general information about the mortgage loans may be
included in the prospectus supplement, and specific or final information about
the mortgage loans may be contained in the agreements, which will be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission and will be made available to holders of
the series within fifteen days after the initial issuance of the securities.
The loan-to-value ratio of a mortgage loan is equal to the ratio,
expressed as a percentage, of the original principal balance of the mortgage
loan to the appraised value of the mortgaged property at the time of origination
of the mortgage loan. The combined loan-to-value ratio of a mortgage loan at any
given time is the ratio, expressed as a percentage of the sum of the original
principal balance of the mortgage loan plus, if applicable, the then current
principal balance of all mortgage loans secured by liens on the mortgaged
property having priorities senior to that of the lien which secures the mortgage
loan to the appraised value of the mortgaged property at the time of origination
of the mortgage loan. In general, for purchase money mortgage loans, the
loan-to-value and the combined loan-to-value ratios are calculated using the
lower of the purchased price or appraised values of the mortgaged properties at
the time of origination.
MORTGAGE LOAN PROGRAM AND UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES
As a general matter, the sponsor's mortgage loan program will consist
of the origination and purchase of mortgage loans to mortgagors with
non-conforming credit. A borrower with non-conforming credit is a borrower who
does not meet the standard underwriting guidelines of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.
However, each trust may contain mortgage loans which do conform to Fannie Mae or
Freddie Mac standard underwriting guidelines.
The mortgagors generally will have obtained the mortgage loans for one
or more of four reasons:
- - to purchase the mortgaged property,
- - to refinance an existing mortgage loan on more favorable terms,
- - to consolidate debt, or
- - to obtain cash proceeds by borrowing against the mortgagor's equity in the
mortgaged property.
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It is the sponsor's practice to solicit existing mortgagors for the
possible refinancing of their existing mortgages if the mortgagors indicate that
they are looking for more favorable terms.
DESCRIPTION OF UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES
The following is a description of the underwriting guidelines
customarily employed by the sponsor and its affiliates in originating or
acquiring mortgage loans. The sponsor's and its affiliates' underwriting
guidelines are less stringent than the standards generally acceptable to Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac with regard to the mortgagor's credit standing and repayment
ability. Mortgagors who qualify under the sponsor's underwriting guidelines may
not satisfy Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac underwriting guidelines for any number of
reasons, including, without limitation, unsatisfactory payment histories or
debt-to-income ratios, or a record of derogatory credit items such as
outstanding judgments or prior bankruptcies.
The underwriting guidelines to be used in originating or acquiring the
mortgage loans are primarily intended to assess the creditworthiness of the
mortgagor, the value of the mortgaged property and the adequacy of the property
as collateral for the mortgage loans.
Originators' underwriting procedures customarily utilize one of two
types of underwriting guidelines: the sponsor guidelines, which are guidelines
of the sponsor and its affiliated originators and approved guidelines, which are
guidelines of approved unaffiliated originators.
Mortgage loans that are originated by the sponsor and its affiliated
originators are underwritten using the sponsor's guidelines. Mortgage loans that
are purchased by the sponsor and its affiliated originators are underwritten
utilizing either the sponsor's guidelines or the approved guidelines.
SPONSOR'S GUIDELINES
The sponsor's guidelines consider the value and adequacy of the
mortgaged property as collateral for the proposed mortgage loan but also takes
into consideration the mortgagor's credit standing and repayment ability. There
are three major steps in the sponsor's underwriting process: (1) identify the
eligibility and appropriate credit grade of the mortgagor, (2) evaluate the
eligibility and lendable equity of the mortgaged property, and (3) ensure the
loan terms meet those acceptable for that credit grade. On a case by case basis
the sponsor may determine that, based on compensating factors, a prospective
mortgagor may not strictly qualify under a particular underwriting credit grade
risk category but warrants an underwriting exception. Compensating factors may
include, without limitation, relatively low loan-to-value ratio, relatively low
debt-to-income ratio, stable employment and amount of time borrower has lived in
the same residence. It is anticipated that a number of the mortgage loans
underwritten in accordance with the sponsor's guidelines will have been
originated based on underwriting exceptions. The sponsor's guidelines are
revised continuously based on opportunities and prevailing conditions in the
nonconforming credit residential mortgage market, as well as the expected market
for the securities.
In addition to mortgage loans originated by the sponsor and its
affiliated originators, the sponsor and its affiliated originators may purchase
mortgage loans from unaffiliated originators
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which were underwritten in accordance with the sponsor's guidelines. The sponsor
generally will review or cause to be reviewed only a limited portion of the
mortgage loans purchased from unaffiliated originators for conformity with the
sponsor's guidelines.
The sponsor's guidelines permit the origination and purchase of
mortgage loans with multi-tiered credit characteristics tailored to individual
credit profiles. In general, the sponsor's guidelines require an analysis of the
equity in the mortgaged property, the payment history of the borrower, the
borrower's ability to repay debt, the property type, and the characteristics of
the underlying first mortgage, if any. A lower maximum combined loan-to-value
ratio is required for lower gradations of credit quality and higher property
values.
The mortgage loans generally are secured by either owner occupied
properties, including second and vacation homes, or non-owner occupied
properties which, in either case are single-family residences, which may be
detached, part of a two- to four-family dwelling, a condominium unit, coop or a
unit in a planned unit development. The sponsor's guidelines generally require
that the combined loan-to-value ratio of a mortgage loan not exceed 100%, after
taking into account the amount of any primary mortgage insurance applicable to
the mortgage loan.
One of the sponsor's programs specifically relates to mortgage loans
with combined loan-to-value ratios in excess of 100%, but with a maximum of
125%. This program is known as the high LTV program. Under this high LTV
program, relatively more emphasis in the underwriting analysis is placed on the
borrower's payment history and ability to repay debt, rather than on the
property value of the mortgaged property. High LTV loans are generally targeted
as debt consolidation loans for borrowers with generally strong credit ratings.
Lending decisions for these loans are based on an analysis of the prospective
mortgagor's documented cash flow and credit history supplemented by a property
value evaluation deemed appropriate by the sponsor.
For high LTV loans which are senior liens, the sponsor requires hazard
insurance. For high LTV loans which are in a junior lien position, the sponsor
requires verification of the existence of hazard insurance at the time of
origination, but does not generally track hazard insurance after origination.
The value of each property proposed as security for a mortgage loan is
determined by either a full appraisal, a limited appraisal conducted on a
drive-by basis, or a statistical valuation. Two full appraisals are generally
required for properties valued over $500,000.
The sponsor's guidelines provide for the origination of loans under
three general loan programs:
- - a full verification program for salaried or self-employed borrowers,
- - a lite documentation program for borrowers who may have income which cannot
be verified by traditional methods and
- - a non-income verification program for salaried and self-employed borrowers.
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However, the sponsor's guidelines allow for some borrowers with existing loans
to refinance loans with either limited, or no, verification of income. The
sponsor may also purchase pools of mortgage loans which may include some
mortgage loans originated under a non-income verification program for non
salaried or self-employed borrowers.
A credit report by an independent, nationally recognized credit
reporting agency is required reflecting the applicant's complete credit history.
The credit report should reflect delinquencies of 30 days or more,
repossessions, judgments, foreclosures, garnishments, bankruptcies and similar
instances of adverse credit that can be discovered by a search of public
records. All taxes and assessments not included in the payment are required to
be verified as current. For junior loan mortgages, verification of the
outstanding balance, the payment status and whether local taxes, interest,
insurance and assessments are included in the applicant's monthly payment is
required.
In connection with purchase-money loans, the sponsor's guidelines
generally require an acceptable source of funds for downpayment, verification of
the source of the downpayment and adequate cash reserves for owner occupied
second homes and non-owner occupied homes. Adequate equity in the mortgaged
property is used as a countervailing consideration to the first three
requirements.
Loan applicants are protected by laws which offer them a time frame
after loan documents are signed during which the applicant has the right to
cancel the mortgage loan. This time frame is known as the rescission period. The
rescission period must have expired prior to funding a loan and may not be
waived by the applicant except as permitted by law.
The sponsor's guidelines generally require title insurance coverage
issued by an approved ALTA or CLTA title insurance company on each mortgage loan
it purchases. Any of the sponsor, the originator, or their assignees must be
named as the insured party. Where title insurance is not required the sponsor's
guidelines require a property report and title search to evidence that the title
or lien position is as indicated on the mortgage loan application.
The applicant is required to secure property insurance in an amount
sufficient to cover the mortgage loan and any senior mortgage. If the sum of any
outstanding senior mortgage and the mortgage loan exceeds the cost of rebuilding
the mortgaged property, which generally does not include land value, insurance
equal to replacement value may be accepted. The respective originator or its
designee is required to ensure that its name and address is properly added to
the mortgagee clause of the insurance policy. In the event the sponsor or the
originator's name is added to a loss payee clause and the policy does not
provide for written notice of policy changes or cancellation, an endorsement
adding the provision is required.
APPROVED GUIDELINES
The sponsor and its affiliated originators may purchase mortgage loans
or pools of mortgage loans, in whole or in part, from originators that are not
affiliated with the sponsor, unaffiliated originators. The underwriting
guidelines employed by unaffiliated originators may deviate from the sponsor's
guidelines but are approved by the sponsor prior to their purchasing the
mortgage loans or pools of mortgage loans and are documented as part of the loan
sale purchase agreement. The sponsor or its affiliated originators will
reunderwrite a representative
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sample of the mortgage loans to ensure that the mortgage loans, on a sample
basis, are in conformity with the approved guidelines. There can be no assurance
that every mortgage loan was originated in conformity with the approved
guidelines, or that the quality or performance of mortgage loans underwritten
under to the approved guidelines will be equivalent under all circumstances.
BULK PURCHASES
Mortgage loans purchased in bulk may be originated by a variety of
originators under several different underwriting guidelines. The purchase of
bulk mortgage loans may not conform to either the requirements of the sponsor's
guidelines or the approved guidelines. The sponsor will reunderwrite the
mortgage loans acquired in a bulk purchase on a sample basis. This
reunderwriting may be performed by the sponsor or its affiliated originators or
a third party acting at the direction of the sponsor.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE MORTGAGE LOANS
The sponsor will make a number of representations and warranties to the
trust regarding the mortgage loans. The assignment of the mortgage loans to the
trustee will be without recourse, except in the event of a breach of one of
these representations or warranties. The material representations and warranties
state that the schedule of mortgage loans is correct, all material loan
documentation has been provided, not more than a specified amount of loans are
delinquent, and that the mortgage loans were originated in accordance with
applicable laws.
If a breach of any representation or warranty occurs in respect of a
mortgage loan, that materially and adversely affects the interests of the
securityholders in the mortgage loan, the sponsor or the originator may be
obligated to purchase, or cause to be purchased, unqualified mortgage loan from
the trust.
To a limited extent the sponsor, or the originator, may substitute a
qualifying replacement mortgage loan for an unqualified mortgage loan, rather
than repurchase it.
The master servicer will be required to enforce the purchase or
substitution obligations for the benefit of the trustee and the securityholders,
following the practices it would employ in its good faith business judgment if
it were the owner of the mortgage loan. This purchase or substitution obligation
will not, however, become an obligation of the master servicer in the event the
sponsor or the originator fails to honor the obligation. The foregoing will
constitute the sole remedy available to securityholders or the trustee for a
breach of representation.
THE MASTER SERVICER MAY ACT THROUGH SUB-SERVICERS
An originator of a mortgage loan that is affiliated with the sponsor
may act as the sub-servicer for its mortgage loans. A third party acting as a
sub-servicer for the mortgage loans will be required to meet additional
standards concerning its mortgage loan servicing portfolio, including a minimum
tangible net worth under generally accepted accounting principles and other
qualifications.
A sub-servicer may be obligated to make advances to the trust for
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- - delinquent installments of principal or interest or principal and interest,
net of any sub-servicing or other compensation, on mortgage loans,
- - taxes and insurance premiums not paid by the mortgagor on a timely basis,
- - interest shortfalls resulting from prepayments of the outstanding principal
balance of a mortgage loan to zero.
The sub-servicer will be entitled to reimbursement for
servicing-related expenditures that it makes to the same extent that the master
servicer would be reimbursed.
No assurance can be given that the sub-servicers will be able to, or
will, carry out their advancing or payment obligations, however the master
servicer will remain obligated as if they were servicing the mortgage loans.
As compensation for its servicing duties, the sub-servicer may be
entitled to receive a fee. The sub-servicer may also be entitled to collect and
retain, as part of its servicing compensation, any late charges or prepayment
penalties. See "The Agreements -- Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment
of Expenses" and "Description of the Securities -- Delinquency Advances and
Servicing Advances" for more information.
A sub-servicer may transfer its servicing obligations to another entity
but only with the prior written approval of the master servicer.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES
The securities will be issued in series. The following summaries
describe the material provisions of the securities.
The securities may be offered in the form of certificates representing
beneficial ownership interests in the mortgage loans held by the trust or in the
form of notes representing debt secured by the mortgage loans held by the trust.
Each series or class of securities may have a different rate of
interest, which may be fixed or adjustable. The prospectus supplement will
specify the interest rate for each series or class of securities, or the initial
interest rate and the method for determining subsequent changes to the interest
rate.
A series may include one or more classes of interest only or principal
only securities. In addition, a series may include two or more classes that
differ as to timing, sequential order, priority of payment, interest rate or
amount of distributions of principal or interest or both. Distributions of
principal or interest or both on any class may be made upon the occurrence of
specified events, in accordance with a schedule or formula, or on the basis of
collections from designated assets of the trust. A series may include one or
more classes of securities, as to which accrued interest will not be distributed
but rather will be added to the principal or notional balance of the security on
each payment date.
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A series of securities may include one or more classes of securities
that are senior to one or more classes of subordinate securities in respect of
distributions of principal and interest and allocations of losses on the
mortgage loans.
Each trust may also issue classes of subordinated equity securities
which will represent the right to receive the proceeds of the trust property
after all required payments have been made to the holders of all of the senior
and subordinate notes or certificates issued by the trust, and following any
required deposits to any reserve account that may be established for the benefit
of the holders of the notes or certificates. These subordinated classes may
constitute what are commonly referred to as the residual interest, seller's
interest or the general partnership interest, depending upon the treatment of
the trust for federal income tax purposes. These subordinated classes generally
will not have principal and interest components. Any losses suffered by the
trust will first be absorbed by the residual class of securities, or as
described in the prospectus supplement.
The prospectus supplement relating to a series of securities will
describe the following specific terms of that series:
- - the aggregate principal amount, interest rate, and authorized denominations
of each class of securities;
- - a statistical profile of the mortgage loans backing that series;
- - the terms of any credit enhancement for that series;
- - a description of other material assets in the trust, including any reserve
fund;
- - the final scheduled distribution date of each class of securities;
- - the method used to calculate the rate at which interest on each class of
securities will accrue, the time period during which interest on each class
of securities will accrue, the order of priority of the application of
interest to the respective classes and the manner of distribution of
interest among each class of securities;
- - the method to be used to calculate the amount of principal required to be
applied to each class of securities of each series on each payment date,
the timing of the application of principal and the order of priority of the
application of principal to the respective classes of securities;
- - additional information about the plan of distribution of the securities;
and
- - the federal income tax characterization of the securities.
GENERAL PAYMENT TERMS OF SECURITIES
Securityholders will be entitled to receive payments on their
securities on specified payment dates. Payment dates will occur monthly,
quarterly or semi-annually, as described in the prospectus supplement.
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The prospectus supplement will describe a record date for each payment
date, as of which the trustee or its paying agent will fix the identity of the
securityholders for the purpose of receiving payments on that payment date. The
prospectus supplement and the agreements will describe a period, known as the
remittance period, prior to each payment date. Interest accrued and principal
collected on the mortgage loans during a remittance period will be required to
be remitted by the master servicer to the trustee prior to the payment date and
will be used to distribute payments to securityholders on that payment date.
The agreements may provide that all or a portion of the principal
collected on the mortgage loans may be applied by the trustee to the acquisition
of subsequent mortgage loans during a specified period rather than used to
distribute payments of principal to securityholders during that period. These
securities would then possess an interest only period, also commonly referred to
as a revolving period, which will be followed by an amortization period. Any
interest only or revolving period may terminate prior to the end of the
specified period and result in an earlier than expected amortization of the
securities.
None of the securities or the mortgage loans will be guaranteed or
insured by any governmental agency or instrumentality, the sponsor, the master
servicer, any sub-servicer, the trustee, any originator or any of their
respective affiliates.
PAYMENT DATE DISTRIBUTIONS
On each payment date, distributions of principal and accrued interest
or, where applicable, of principal only or interest only, on each class of
securities will be made either by the trustee or a paying agent appointed by the
trustee, to the persons who are registered as securityholders at the close of
business on the record date. Interest that accrues and is not payable on a class
of securities may be added to the principal balance of each security of the
class. Distributions will be made in immediately available funds, by wire
transfer or otherwise, to the account of a securityholder. If the securityholder
has notified the trustee or the paying agent, as the case may be, and the
agreements provide, payment may be in the form of a check mailed to the address
of the person entitled thereto as it appears on the register. The final payment
distribution upon retirement of the securities will be made only upon
presentation and surrender of the securities at the office or agency of the
trustee specified in the notice to securityholders of the final distribution.
DETERMINATION OF PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ON THE SECURITIES
The method of determining, and the amount of, distributions of
principal and interest or, principal only or interest only, on a particular
series of securities will be described in the prospectus supplement. Each class
of securities, except for principal only securities, may bear interest at a
different interest rate. Interest on the securities will be calculated either on
the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months, on the basis of
the actual number of days in the accrual period over 360 or on the basis of the
actual number of days in the accrual period over 365 or as described in the
prospectus supplement.
On each payment date for a series of securities, the trustee or the
paying agent will distribute to each securityholder of record an amount equal to
the percentage interest represented
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by the security held by the holder multiplied by the total amount to be
distributed on that payment date on account of that class.
For a series of securities that includes two or more classes, the
timing, sequential order, priority of payment, amount of distributions in
respect of principal, any schedule or formula or other provisions applicable to
the determination of distributions among multiple classes of senior securities
or subordinate securities will be described in the prospectus supplement.
Prior to each payment date the trustee will determine the amounts of
principal and interest which will be due to securityholders on that payment
date. If the amount then available to the trustee is insufficient to cover the
amount due to securityholders, the trustee will be required to notify the credit
enhancement provider, and the credit enhancement provider, in most instances,
will be required to fund the deficiency.
YIELD CONSIDERATIONS
The yield to maturity of a security will depend on the price paid, its
interest rate and the rate of payment of principal on the security or on its
notional amount, if the security is not entitled to payments of principal, as
well as other factors.
A class of securities may be entitled to payments of interest at a
fixed, variable maximum interest rate, commonly referred to as an available
funds cap, which is calculated based on the weighted average of the mortgage
loan coupon rates minus any interest strips retained by the originator and all
trust fees, if so specified in the prospectus supplement, or at another maximum
interest rate as may be described in the prospectus supplement.
The yield on the securities also will be affected by liquidations of
mortgage loans following mortgagor defaults and by purchases of mortgage loans
in the event of breaches of representations. The yield to maturity on some types
of securities, including interest only and principal only securities, and
securities in a series including more than one class, may be relatively more
sensitive to the rate of prepayment on the mortgage loans than other classes of
securities. See "Mortgage Loan Program and Underwriting Guidelines --
Representations and Warranties Concerning the Mortgage Loans" above and
"Description of the Securities -- Assignment of Mortgage Loans" below.
The timing of changes in the rate of principal payments on or
repurchases of the mortgage loans may significantly affect an investor's actual
yield to maturity, even if the average rate of principal payments experienced
over time is consistent with an investor's expectation. As a result, the effect
on an investor's yield of principal payments and repurchases occurring at a rate
higher, or lower, than the rate anticipated by the investor during the period
immediately following the issuance of a series of securities would not be fully
offset by a subsequent like reduction or increase in the rate of principal
payments.
For some of the adjustable rate loans, the coupon rate at origination
may be a teaser rate which is below the rate that would result if the index and
margin were applied at origination. The repayment of any mortgage loan with a
teaser rate may be dependent on the ability of the mortgagor to make larger
monthly payments following the adjustment of the coupon rate.
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MATURITY AND PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The original terms to maturity of the mortgage loans in a given trust
will vary depending upon the type of mortgage loans included in the trust. The
prospectus supplement for a series of securities will contain information
concerning the types and maturities of the mortgage loans in the trust. The
mortgage loans may be prepaid in full or in part at any time although the
mortgagor may be required to pay a prepayment penalty or premium. These
prepayment penalties will generally not be property of the trust. The prepayment
experience of the mortgage loans in a trust will affect the maturity, average
life and yield of the securities.
Payment of the full outstanding principal balance of a balloon loan
will generally depend on the mortgagor's ability to obtain refinancing of the
mortgage loan or to sell the mortgaged property prior to the maturity of the
balloon loan. The ability to obtain refinancing will depend on a number of
factors prevailing at the time refinancing or sale is required, including,
without limitation, real estate values, the mortgagor's financial situation,
prevailing mortgage loan coupon rates, the mortgagor's equity in the mortgaged
property, tax laws and prevailing general economic conditions. Neither the
sponsor, the master servicer, nor any of their affiliates will be obligated to
refinance or repurchase any mortgage loan or to sell any mortgaged property
because of a maturing balloon payment.
A number of factors, including homeowner mobility, economic conditions,
enforceability of due-on-sale clauses, mortgage market interest rates and the
availability of mortgage funds, affect prepayment experience. The mortgage loans
that contain due-on-sale provisions permitting the mortgagee to accelerate the
maturity of the mortgage loan upon transfer of the underlying mortgaged
property. The master servicer will enforce any due-on-sale clause to the extent
it has knowledge of the transfer if it is entitled to do so under applicable
law. The master servicer will not take any action to enforce a due-on-sale
provision which would adversely affect or jeopardize coverage under any
applicable insurance policy. The extent to which adjustable rate loans are
assumed by purchasers of the mortgaged properties rather than prepaid by the
mortgagors in connection with the sales of the mortgaged properties will affect
the weighted average life of the series of securities. For a description of
provisions of the agreements and certain legal developments that may affect the
prepayment experience on the mortgage loans. See "Serving Procedures --
Collection and Other Servicing Procedures" and "Legal Aspects of the Mortgage
Loans -- Enforceability of Mortgage Loan Provisions".
There can be no assurance as to the rate of prepayment of the mortgage
loans. The sponsor is not aware of any reliable, publicly available statistics
relating to the principal prepayment experience of diverse portfolios of
mortgage loans over an extended period of time. All statistics known to the
sponsor for prepayment experience on mortgage loans indicates that while some
mortgage loans may remain outstanding until their stated maturities, a
substantial number will be paid prior to their respective stated maturities.
Although the coupon rates on adjustable rate loans will be subject to
periodic adjustments, these adjustments will not increase or decrease the coupon
rates by more than a fixed percentage amount on each adjustment date, not
increase the coupon rates over a fixed percentage amount and be based on an
index which may not rise and fall consistently with mortgage market interest
rate rates plus the margin. As a result, the coupon rates on the
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adjustable rate loans in a trust at any time may not equal the prevailing rates
for similar, newly originated adjustable rate mortgage loans. In some rate
environments, the prevailing rates on fixed-rate mortgage loans may be
sufficiently low in relation to the then current coupon rates on adjustable rate
loans that the rate of prepayment of adjustable rate loans may increase as a
result of refinancings. There can be no certainty as to the rate of prepayments
on the mortgage loans during any period or over the life of any series of
securities.
All or a portion of the collected principal may be retained by the
trustee, and held in temporary investments, including mortgage loans, for a
specified period prior to being distributed payments of principal to
securityholders. The result of the retention and temporary investment by the
trustee of principal would be to slow the amortization rate of the securities
relative to the amortization rate of the mortgage loans, or to attempt to match
the amortization rate of the securities to an amortization schedule established
at the time the securities are issued. Those features may terminate upon the
occurrence of events to be described in the prospectus supplement, resulting in
the need to make principal payments to the securityholders and an acceleration
of the amortization of the securities.
FORM OF SECURITIES
We expect that the securities of each series will be issued in
uncertificated book-entry form, and will be registered in the name of Cede, the
nominee of the DTC. The prospectus supplement will state if the securities will
be in physical rather than book-entry form. DTC is a limited purpose trust
company organized under the laws of the State of New York, a member of the
Federal Reserve System, a clearing corporation within the meaning of the Uniform
Commercial Code and a clearing agency registered under the Securities Exchange
Act. DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and facilitate the
clearance and settlement of securities transactions between its participants
through electronic book-entry changes in their accounts, eliminating the need
for physical movement of certificates. DTC's participants include securities
brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may
include other organizations. Indirect access to the DTC system also is available
to indirect participants such as brokers, dealers, banks and trust companies
that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC participant,
either directly or indirectly.
Under a book-entry format, securityholders that are not DTC
participants or indirect participants but desire to purchase, sell or otherwise
transfer ownership of securities registered in the name of Cede, as nominee of
DTC, may do so only through participants and indirect participants. In addition,
these securityholders will receive all distributions of principal of and
interest on the securities from the trustee through DTC and its participants.
Securityholders may receive payments after the payment date because DTC will
forward these payments to its participants, which thereafter will be required to
forward these payments to indirect participants or securityholders. Unless and
until physical securities are issued, it is anticipated that the only
securityholder will be Cede, as nominee of DTC, and that the beneficial holders
of securities will not be recognized by the trustee as securityholders under the
agreements. Securityholders which are not DTC participants will only be
permitted to exercise their rights under the agreements through DTC or through
its participants.
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Under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and affecting DTC
and its operations, DTC is required to make book-entry transfers among its
participants and is required to receive and transmit payments of principal of
and interest on the securities. DTC's participants and indirect participants are
required to make book-entry transfers and receive and transmit payments on
behalf of their respective securityholders. Accordingly, although
securityholders will not possess physical securities, the rules provide a
mechanism by which securityholders will receive distributions and will be able
to transfer their interests.
Unless and until physical securities are issued, securityholders who
are not DTC participants may transfer ownership of securities only through DTC
participants by instructing those participants to transfer securities, through
DTC for the account of the purchasers of the securities, which account is
maintained with their respective participants. Under DTC's rules and in
accordance with DTC's normal procedures, transfers of ownership of securities
will be executed through DTC and the accounts of the respective participants at
DTC will be debited and credited. Similarly, the respective participants will
make debits or credits, as the case may be, on their records on behalf of the
selling and purchasing securityholders.
Because DTC can only act on behalf of its participants, who in turn act
on behalf of indirect participants and some banks, the ability of a
securityholder to pledge securities to persons or entities that do not
participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect of the
securities may be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate for the
securities.
DTC in general advises that it will take any action permitted to be
taken by a securityholder under the agreements only at the direction of one or
more of its participants to whose account the securities are credited.
Additionally, DTC advises that it will take actions only at the direction of and
on behalf of its participants whose holdings include current principal amounts
of outstanding securities that satisfy the minimum percentage established in the
agreements. DTC may take conflicting actions if directed by its participants.
Any securities initially registered in the name of Cede, as nominee of
DTC, will be issued in fully registered, certificated form to securityholders or
their nominees, rather than to DTC or its nominee only under the events
specified in the agreements and described in the prospectus supplement. Upon the
occurrence of any of the events specified in the agreements and the prospectus
supplement, DTC will be required to notify its participants of the availability
through DTC of physical certificates. Upon surrender by DTC of the securities
and receipt of instruction for reregistration, the trustee will issue the
securities in the form of physical certificates, and thereafter the trustee will
recognize the holders of the physical certificates as securityholders.
Thereafter, payments of principal of and interest on the securities will be made
by the trustee directly to securityholders in accordance with the procedures set
forth in the agreements. The final distribution of any security whether physical
certificates or securities registered in the name of Cede, however, will be made
only upon presentation and surrender of the securities on the final payment date
at the office or agency specified in the notice of final payment to
securityholders.
None of the sponsor, the originators, the master servicer or the
trustee will have any liability for any actions taken by DTC or its nominee or
Cedel or Euroclear, including, without limitation, actions for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of the
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securities held by Cede, as nominee for DTC, or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any records relating to the securities.
ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE LOANS
At the time of issuance of a series of securities, the sponsor will
direct or request the mortgage loans to be acquired by the trust to be assigned
to the trustee together with all interest accrued and principal collected in
respect of the mortgage loans on or after the cut-off date. Each mortgage loan
will be identified in a schedule appearing as an exhibit to the agreements.
In connection with the establishment of a trust, the sponsor may first
transfer the mortgage loan to an affiliate and the affiliate will then transfer
the mortgage loan to the trust. The prospectus supplement will describe any
requirements for the delivery of mortgage documents, such as mortgage notes and
assignments of mortgage, in connection with the establishment of the trust.
The trustee will be authorized to appoint a custodian to maintain
possession of and, if applicable, to review the documents relating to the
mortgage loans as the agent of the trustee.
PRE-FUNDING FEATURE; MANDATORY PREPAYMENT
A trust may contain a feature which allows the sponsor or its
affiliates to transfer subsequent mortgage loans to the trust following the date
the trust is established and the securities are issued. Any mortgage loans
subsequently transferred to a trust will be required to conform to required
mortgage loan characteristics, and satisfaction of the conditions in the
agreements.
If the pre-funding feature is to be used, then the trustee will be
required to deposit a portion of the net proceeds received in connection with
the sale of one or more classes of securities in a segregated account. The
subsequent mortgage loans will be transferred to the trust in exchange for money
released by the trustee from this segregated pre-funding account. These
transfers must occur within a specified period, not to exceed one year, from the
date the trust was established. If a trust elects federal income treatment as a
REMIC or as a grantor trust, the pre-funding period will be limited to three
months.
During the pre-funding period, the monies deposited to the pre-funding
account will be invested in one or more of the following eligible investments:
- - Direct general obligations of the United States or the obligations of any
agency or instrumentality of the United States fully and unconditionally
guaranteed, the timely payment or the guarantee of which constitutes a full
faith and credit obligation of the United States.
- - Federal Housing Administration debentures rated Aa2 or higher by Moody's
and AA or better by Standard & Poor's.
- - Freddie Mac senior debt obligations rated Aa2 or higher by Moody's and AA
or better by Standard & Poor's.
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- - Federal Home Loan Banks' consolidated senior debt obligations rated Aa2 or
higher by Moody's and AA or better by Standard & Poor's.
- - Federal funds, certificates of deposit, time and demand deposits, and
bankers' acceptances which have original maturities of not more than 365
days of any domestic bank, the short-term debt obligations of which are
rated A-1 or better by Standard & Poor's and P-1 by Moody's.
- - Investment agreements approved by the credit enhancement provider or the
trustee.
- - Commercial paper which has an original maturities of not more than 365 days
rated A-1 or better by Standard & Poor's and P-1 or better by Moody's.
- - Investments in money market funds rated AAAm or AAAM-G by Standard & Poor's
and Aaa by Moody's.
- - Other investments approved in writing by the credit enhancement provider or
the trustee and acceptable to the rating agencies.
The agreements will require that, if all monies originally deposited to
a pre-funding account are not used by the end of the pre-funding period, then
any remaining monies will be applied as a mandatory prepayment of principal on
the securities.
PAYMENTS ON MORTGAGE LOANS; DEPOSITS TO ACCOUNTS
As set forth in the agreements, the master servicer will deposit or
will cause to be deposited into one or more accounts, known as the principal and
interest account, the following amounts for the mortgage loans:
- - all payments on account of principal, including principal prepayments;
- - all payments on account of accrued interest, net of the portion of each
payment thereof retained by the master servicer, if any, as its servicing
fee or other compensation and any interest accrued prior to the cut-off
date;
- - all net liquidation proceeds received and retained, if any, in connection
with the liquidation of any defaulted mortgage loan, by foreclosure, deed
in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise. All proceeds of any mortgage insurance
policy and proceeds from any alternative arrangements established in lieu
of any insurance, other than proceeds to be applied to the restoration of
the mortgaged property or released to the mortgagor in accordance with the
master servicer's normal servicing procedures. The deposit shall be net of
unreimbursed liquidation expenses, insured expenses incurred and
unreimbursed advances by the master servicer or by the sub-servicer and net
of the premiums paid for, or the proceeds of, credit life insurance
policies;
- - all proceeds of any mortgage loan purchased from the trust or, in the case
of a mortgage loan substitution, amounts representing a principal
adjustment;
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- - any amounts required to be deposited by the master servicer in connection
with losses realized on investments of funds held in the principal and
interest account;
- - any amounts required to be deposited in connection with the liquidation of
the trust property; and
- - any amounts required to be transferred from the distribution account to the
principal and interest account.
All deposits shall be made on a daily basis, but no later than two
business days following receipt of those amounts.
The portion of any payment received by the master servicer in respect
of a mortgage loan that is allocable to any interest strip retained by the
originator or other person will not be deposited into the principal and interest
account, but will be paid over to the parties entitled to those amounts.
In addition to the principal and interest account, the sponsor shall
cause to be established and the trustee will maintain, at the corporate trust
office of the trustee, in the name of the trust for the benefit of the holders
of each series of securities a distribution account to be used for the
disbursement of payments on each series of securities. The principal and
interest account and the distribution account each must be maintained with an
institution whose deposits are insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings
Association Insurance Fund of the FDIC, which is acceptable to the rating
agencies.
In addition, the trustee will cause all payments received by it from
any credit enhancement provider to be deposited in the distribution account not
later than the payment date.
All funds in the distribution account will be invested and reinvested
by the trustee for the benefit of the securityholders and any credit enhancement
provider, as directed by the master servicer, in designated eligible
investments. The principal and interest account may contain funds relating to
more than one series of securities as well as payments received on other
mortgage loans serviced or master serviced by it that have been deposited into
the principal and interest account. All funds in the principal and interest
account will be required to be held either uninvested, up to limits insured by
the FDIC or invested by the master servicer in the designated eligible
investments. The master servicer will be entitled to net investment proceeds on
the funds in the principal and interest account and the distribution account
held by the trustee.
WITHDRAWALS FROM THE PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ACCOUNT
On a day preceding each payment date, the master servicer will withdraw
from the principal and interest account and remit to the trustee for deposit in
the distribution account;
- - the amount to be distributed to securityholders on that payment date;
- - any amounts required to be transferred to any reserve account established
for that series;
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- - any amounts required to be paid by the master servicer out of its own funds
due to the operation of a deductible clause in any blanket insurance
policies maintained by the master servicer to cover losses on the mortgage
loans;
- - any other amounts as specifically set forth in the agreements; and
- - the amount of any advances made by the master servicer.
In addition, the master servicer may from time to time make withdrawals
from the principal and interest account for the following purposes:
- - to reimburse itself or any sub-servicer for any accrued and unpaid
servicing fees and for reimbursable advances, out of late payments or
collections on the mortgage loan, including liquidation proceeds, mortgage
insurance proceeds and other amounts collected by the master servicer from
the mortgagor or otherwise relating to the mortgage loan;
- - to reimburse itself from any funds for any advances determined in good
faith not to be recoverable from the mortgage loan;
- - to withdraw investment earnings on amounts on deposit in the account;
- - to pay the sponsor or its assignee all amounts allocable to any interest
strip retained by the originator out of collections or payments which
represent interest on the mortgage loan;
- - to pay to the sponsor interest accrued and principal collected prior to the
cut-off date only if these amounts were previously deposited;
- - to withdraw amounts that have been deposited in error;
- - to clear and terminate the account in connection with the termination of
the trust; and
- - to invest in eligible investments as defined in the "Pre-Funding; Mandatory
Repayment" section.
DELINQUENCY ADVANCES AND SERVICING ADVANCES
In the event of a delinquency, the master servicer or any sub-servicer
will be required to deposit into the principal and interest account an advance
in an amount equal to delinquent interest, net of the servicing fees and any
interest strips retained by an originator. This advance is known as a
delinquency advance. Delinquency advances are only required if, in its good
faith business judgment, the master servicer believes that this amount will
ultimately be recovered from the mortgage loan. The master servicer may also be
required to advance delinquent payments of principal. The master servicer will
be permitted to fund its payment of delinquency advances from collections of
another mortgage loan deposited into the principal and interest account after
the remittance period. A delinquency advance later determined by the master
servicer not to be recoverable will be reimbursable from any amounts on deposit
in the principal and interest account prior to any distributions to the
securityholders. A sub-servicer will be
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permitted to fund its payment of delinquency advances as set forth in the
sub-servicing agreement.
A mortgage loan is delinquent if any payment due on the mortgage loan
is not made by the close of business on the day the payment is scheduled to be
due plus any applicable grace period.
If a full principal prepayment occurs, the master servicer or
sub-servicer will be required to deposit in the principal and interest account
an amount of interest equal to the difference between (1) 30 days' interest at
the mortgage loan's coupon rate, less the related servicing fees and the amount
of any interest strip retained by an originator, on the principal balance of the
mortgage loan as of the first day of the remittance period and (2) to the extent
not previously advanced, the interest paid by the mortgagor during that
remittance period, less the servicing fee and the amount of any interest strip
retained by an originator. This interest advance is known as compensating
interest. The master servicer is not required to pay compensating interest
during any remittance period in an amount in excess of the aggregate servicing
fees received by it for trust.
Neither delinquency advances nor compensating interest will be paid by
the master servicer or any sub-servicer for revolving home equity loans.
The master servicer or sub-servicer will also be obligated to make
servicing advances for any out-of-pocket costs and expenses, incurred in the
performance of its servicing obligations, including, but not limited to,
- - expenditures in connection with a foreclosed mortgage loan prior to the
liquidation thereof, including expenditures for real estate property taxes,
hazard insurance premiums and property restoration or preservation,
- - the cost of any enforcement or judicial proceedings, including foreclosures
and other legal actions and costs that potentially affect the existence,
validity, priority, enforceability or collectibility of the mortgage loan,
including collection agency fees and costs of pursuing or obtaining
personal judgments, garnishments, levies, attachment and similar actions,
- - the cost of the conservation, management, liquidation, sale or other
disposition of any mortgaged property acquired in satisfaction of the
mortgage loan, including reasonable fees paid to any independent contractor
in connection therewith, and
- - advances to keep liens current, unless the master servicer has determined
that the advance would not be recoverable.
No servicing advance will be required to be made by the master servicer
or sub-servicer, if in its good faith judgment it would not be recoverable from
the mortgage loan. Any nonrecoverable servicing advance made by the master
servicer or sub-servicer will be reimbursable from any amounts on deposit in the
principal and interest account prior to any distribution being made to
securityholders.
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If the master servicer or one of its affiliated sub-servicers exercises
its option to purchase the assets of a trust under a clean-up call, the master
servicer or sub-servicer will net from the purchase price all advances
previously made by it and not theretofore reimbursed.
REPORTS TO SECURITYHOLDERS
With each distribution to securityholders of a particular class of
securities the trustee will forward or cause to be forwarded to each holder a
statement or statements setting forth the information specifically described in
the prospectus supplement.
In addition, on each payment date the trustee will forward or cause to
be forwarded additional information concerning the trust, as of the close of
business on the last day of the remittance period, as more specifically
described in the prospectus supplement, which generally will include information
about the number and percentage of delinquent mortgage loans, the number of
mortgage loans in foreclosure, or the number of mortgagors in bankruptcy
proceedings and the number of real estate owned properties.
DESCRIPTION OF CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
Various forms of credit enhancement may be provided for one or more
classes of a series of securities or for the mortgage loans in the trust. Credit
enhancement may be in the form of:
- - one or more classes of subordinate securities which provide credit support
to one or more classes of senior securities,
- - a financial guaranty insurance policy, surety bond, reserve account, letter
of credit or other third party guarantees,
- - a cross support feature or overcollateralization, or
- - any combination of the foregoing.
Credit Enhancement may be provided in only a limited amount and may not
provide protection against all risks of loss. If losses occur that exceed the
amount covered by credit enhancement or are not covered by the credit
enhancement, holders of one or more classes of securities will bear their
allocable share of losses.
The following sections describe the material provisions of the various
types of credit enhancement.
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE POLICIES
A financial guaranty insurance policy or surety bond may be obtained
and maintained for each class or series of securities. A description, including
financial information, of the issuer of any financial guaranty insurance policy
will be included in the prospectus supplement.
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A financial guaranty insurance policy will unconditionally and
irrevocably guarantee to securityholders that an amount equal to each full and
complete insured payment will be received by the trustee on behalf of
securityholders, for distribution by the trustee to each securityholder. The
insured payment will be defined in the prospectus supplement, and in most
instances will be equal to the minimum distribution of interest due to
securityholders.
Financial guaranty insurance policies may apply only to some classes,
or may apply at the mortgage loan level and only to specified mortgage loans.
Financial guaranty insurance policies may have limitations on the
financial guaranty insurer's duty to guarantee the obligations of the
originators to repurchase or substitute for any mortgage loans. Financial
guaranty insurance policies will not guarantee any specified rate of
prepayments. In addition, amounts payable under financial guaranty insurance
policies will generally not be available to cover interest shortfalls arising
from the application of the Soldier's and Sailors' Civil Relief Act, or from any
failure of the master servicer to fund compensating interest.
Subject to the terms of the agreements, the financial guaranty insurer
may be subrogated to the rights of each securityholder to receive payments under
the securities to the extent of any payment by the financial guaranty insurer
under the financial guaranty insurance policy.
CROSS SUPPORT AMONG CLASSES
A trust may contain groups of mortgage loans which provide support for
separate classes of securities. In this case, credit support would be in the
form of a cross support feature which allows distribution for one class of
securities to be made from excess amounts available from other groups of
mortgage loans within the same trust. The prospectus supplement for a series
that includes a cross support feature will describe the manner and conditions
for applying the cross support feature.
The credit enhancement provided by one or more forms of cross support
may apply concurrently to two or more separate trusts. The prospectus supplement
will identify the trusts benefiting from any cross support, the manner of
determining the amount and application of the cross support.
OVERCOLLATERALIZATION
Provisions of a trust may allow for the acceleration of the
amortization of one or more classes of securities relative to the amortization
of the group of mortgage loans. The accelerated amortization is achieved by the
application of excess interest to the payment of principal of one or more
classes of securities. This acceleration feature creates overcollateralization
which results from the excess of the aggregate principal balance of the group of
mortgage loans over the principal balance of the class of securities. This
acceleration may continue for the life of the security, or may be limited. In
the case of limited acceleration, once the required level of
overcollateralization is reached, this limited acceleration feature may cease.
The acceleration feature may be activated again if necessary to maintain the
required level of overcollateralization.
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SUBORDINATION OF CLASSES
The subordination of one or more classes of securities provides credit
support to the senior classes of the same securities. In a senior/subordinate
structure, the total amount available for distribution on each payment date, as
well as the method for allocating this amount among the various classes of
securities included in the series, will be as set forth in the prospectus
supplement. The amount available for contribution will be allocated first to the
senior securities up to the amounts determined as specified in the prospectus
supplement, prior to allocation of interest or principal to the subordinate
securities of the series. In the event of any realized losses on mortgage loans,
the rights of the subordinate securityholders to receive distributions will be
subordinate to the rights of the senior securityholders.
LETTER OF CREDIT
If any component of credit enhancement as to any series of securities
is to be provided by a letter of credit, the bank issuing the letter of credit
will deliver it to the trustee. The letter of credit may provide direct coverage
on the securities or support the sponsor's or any other person's obligation to
make payments to the trustee. The letter of credit bank, the amount available
under the letter of credit and the expiration date of the letter of credit will
be specified in the prospectus supplement. On or before each payment date,
either the letter of credit bank or the trustee may be required to make the
payments specified in the prospectus supplement after notification from the
trustee. The payments required to be made under the terms of the letter of
credit shall be deposited in the distribution account.
RESERVE ACCOUNTS
A trust may create a reserve account to hold any combination of cash,
one or more irrevocable letters of credit or one or more eligible investments in
specified amounts, amounts otherwise distributable to subordinate
securityholders or owners of the residual interest. The amounts held in a
reserve account will be applied to fund shortfalls in amounts due on the
securities in the manner and under the conditions specified in the prospectus
supplement. Reserve account monies may also be applied to reimburse the master
servicer for outstanding advances or may be used for other purposes.
DERIVATIVE CONTRACTS
A trust may hold an interest rate swap contract, an interest rate cap
agreement or similar contract providing limited protection against interest rate
risks. These derivate contracts may provide the trust with additional amounts
which will be available to pay interest on the securities, to build up
overcollateralization, or both.
REDUCTION OR SUBSTITUTION OF CREDIT ENHANCEMENT
In most cases, the amount available under any credit enhancement will
be subject to periodic reduction in accordance with a schedule or formula on a
nondiscretionary basis as the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the
mortgage loans declines. Additionally, credit support may be replaced, reduced
or terminated upon the written assurance from each applicable rating agency that
the then current rating of the series of securities will not be adversely
affected.
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In the event that the credit rating of the issuer of any applicable credit
enhancement is downgraded, the credit rating of the securities may be downgraded
to a corresponding level, and the sponsor will not be obligated to obtain
replacement credit support in order to restore the rating of the securities.
The sponsor may be permitted to replace one form of credit enhancement
with another form of credit enhancement, or credit enhancement of the same form
but from a different provider, but only if the then current rating of the series
of securities is maintained.
Where the credit support is in the form of a reserve account, a
permitted reduction in the amount of credit enhancement will result in a release
of all or a portion of the assets in the reserve account to any of the holders
of the residual interest in the trust, the sponsor, the master servicer, one or
more originators or the other person that is entitled to receive those amounts.
Any assets so released will not be available to fund distribution obligations in
future periods.
SERVICING PROCEDURES
COLLECTION AND OTHER SERVICING PROCEDURES
The master servicer will service the mortgage loans, either directly or
through sub-servicers, who may be affiliates of the master servicer, and will
receive a fee for its services. If any mortgage loans are serviced by the master
servicer through a sub-servicer, the master servicer will remain liable for its
servicing obligations as if the master servicer alone were servicing the
mortgage loans.
The master servicer's obligations will consist principally of its
contractual servicing obligations under the agreements, including its obligation
to enforce the obligations of sub-servicers and of originators. The master
servicer or sub-servicer may also be obligated to make advances of interest
payments in the event of delinquencies and interest shortfalls due to prepayment
of mortgage loans. The obligation of the master servicer to make delinquency
advances will be limited to the extent, in its good faith business judgment that
the delinquency advances would be ultimately recoverable from the mortgage
loans. See "Description of the Securities -- Delinquency Advances and Serving
Advances" for more information concerning the advancing obligation.
The master servicer acting directly or through one or more
sub-servicers is required to service and administer the mortgage loans in
accordance with the agreements and with reasonable care, and using that degree
of skill and attention that the master servicer exercises for comparable
mortgage loans that it services for itself or others.
The duties of the master servicer include collecting and posting all
payments, responding to inquiries of mortgagors or federal, state or local
government authorities, investigating delinquencies, reporting tax information
to mortgagors, accounting for collections, furnishing monthly and annual
statements to the trustee, and making advances to the extent described in the
agreements. The master servicer is required to follow its customary standards,
policies and procedures in performing its duties as master servicer.
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The master servicer is authorized and empowered to execute and deliver,
on behalf of itself, the securityholders, any credit enhancement provider, and
the trustee or any of them, any and all instruments of satisfaction or
cancellation, or of partial or full release or discharge and all other
comparable instruments;
The agreements will require the master servicer or sub-servicer to
follow the collection procedures it follows from time to time for mortgage loans
in its servicing portfolio that are comparable to the mortgage loans. The master
servicer or sub-servicer, however, is always required to follow collection
procedures that are consistent with or better than standard industry practices.
The master servicer may in its discretion:
- - consent to any modification of the terms of any mortgage note not expressly
prohibited by the agreements if the effect of the modification (1) will not
materially and adversely affect the security afforded by the mortgaged
property or the timing of receipt of any payments required thereunder
except for a modification or forbearance permitted by the agreements; and
(2) will not cause a trust which is a REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC.
- - waive any assumption fees, late payment charges, charges for checks
returned for insufficient funds, prepayment fees, if any, or the fees which
may be collected in the ordinary course of servicing the mortgage loans,
- - if a mortgagor is in default or about to be in default because of a
mortgagor's financial condition, arrange with the mortgagor a schedule for
the payment of delinquent payments due on the mortgage loan; in most
instances the master servicer will not be permitted to reschedule the
payment of delinquent payments more than one time in any twelve consecutive
months for any single mortgagor.
When a mortgaged property has been or is about to be transferred by the
mortgagor, the master servicer will be required, to the extent it has knowledge
of the prospective transfer, to exercise its rights to accelerate the maturity
of the mortgage loan under any due-on-sale clause contained in the mortgage or
note. The master servicer will not, however, be required to exercise this right
if the due-on-sale clause, in the reasonable belief of the master servicer, is
not enforceable under applicable law or if the master servicer reasonably
believes that to permit an assumption of the mortgage loan would materially and
adversely affect the interests of securityholders, any credit enhancement
provider, or jeopardize coverage under any primary insurance policy or
applicable credit enhancement arrangements. In this event, the master servicer
will be required to enter into an assumption and modification agreement with the
person to whom the mortgaged property has been or is about to be transferred.
Under the assumption agreement, the transferee becomes liable under the mortgage
note and, unless prohibited by applicable law or the agreements, the original
mortgagor remains liable. If the foregoing is not permitted under applicable
law, the master servicer or sub-servicer will be authorized to enter into a
substitution of liability agreement with the transferee, under which the
original mortgagor is released from liability and the transferee is substituted
as mortgagor and becomes liable under the mortgage note. The assumed loan must
conform in all respects to the requirements and representations and warranties
of the agreement and may require the consent of any credit enhancement provider.
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Any fee collected by the master servicer or sub-servicer for entering
into an assumption or substitution of liability agreement will be retained by
the master servicer or sub-servicer as additional servicing compensation. See
"Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans -- Enforceability of Mortgage Loan Provisions".
The master servicer or sub-servicer will generally have the right to
approve applications of mortgagors seeking consent for partial releases of
mortgages, removal, demolition or division of mortgaged properties.
No application for consent may be approved by the master servicer
unless:
- - the provisions of the mortgage note and mortgage have been complied with;
- - the credit profile of the mortgage loan after any release is generally
consistent with the sponsor's guidelines then applicable to the mortgage
loan; and
- - the lien priority of the mortgage is not reduced.
REALIZATION UPON DEFAULTED MORTGAGE LOANS
The master servicer will be required to foreclose upon or otherwise
comparably effect the ownership of mortgaged properties relating to defaulted
mortgage loans as to which no satisfactory arrangements can be made for
collection of delinquent payments and which the Master Servicer has not acquired
as an REO property on behalf of the trust. In connection with this foreclosure
or other conversion, the master servicer shall exercise the rights and powers
vested in it, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise or use
that prudent mortgage lenders would exercise or use under the circumstances in
the conduct of their own affairs, including, but not limited to, making
servicing advances for the payment of taxes, amounts due on senior liens, and
insurance premiums. The master servicer will be required to sell any foreclosure
property within three years of its acquisition by the trust. The master servicer
generally will be permitted to charge-off a mortgage loan, and to cease further
collection and foreclosure activity on a mortgage loan if it reasonably
determines that further activity would not increase collections or recoveries to
be received by the trust. In the case of revolving home equity mortgage loans,
the master servicer's policy is to charge off mortgage loans, in most instances,
after they have become 180 day delinquent. In addition, any required advancing
may be permitted to cease at this point.
For trusts treated as REMICs, the master servicer will be required to
manage, conserve, protect and operate each foreclosure property for the
securityholders solely for the purpose of its prompt disposition and sale as
foreclosure property within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(8) of the Internal
Revenue Code or to prevent the receipt by the trust of any income from
non-permitted assets within the meaning of Section 860F(a)(2)(B) of the Internal
Revenue Code or any net income from foreclosure property which is subject to
taxation under the REMIC provisions.
The master servicer will, either itself or through an agent protect and
conserve any foreclosure property in the same manner and to the extent as is
customary in the locality where
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the foreclosure property is located and may, incident to its conservation and
protection of the interests of the securityholders, rent the same, or any part
thereof, as the master servicer deems to be in the best interest of the
securityholders for the period prior to the sale of the foreclosure property.
The master servicer will take into account the existence of any
hazardous substances, hazardous wastes or solid wastes, as these terms are
defined in the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability
Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, or other federal, state
or local environmental legislation, on a mortgaged property in determining
whether to foreclose upon or acquire ownership of the mortgaged property.
If, upon the final liquidation of a defaulted mortgage loan or a
foreclosure property a loss is realized that is not covered by any applicable
form of credit enhancement or other insurance, the securityholders will bear the
loss. However, if a gain results from the final liquidation of a foreclosure
property that is not required by law to be remitted to the mortgagor, the master
servicer will generally be entitled to retain the gain as additional servicing
compensation. For a description of the master servicer's obligations to maintain
and make claims under applicable forms of credit enhancement and insurance
relating to the mortgage loans, see "Description of Credit Enhancement."
HAZARD INSURANCE POLICIES
The terms of the mortgage loans require each mortgagor to maintain a
hazard insurance policy for the mortgage loan. If a high LTV mortgage loan is in
a junior lien position, the sponsor requires that a hazard insurance policy
exists at the time the high LTV mortgage loan is originated; however, the master
servicer may not track hazard insurance after origination. Additionally, the
master servicer will cause to be maintained for each mortgage loan, except for
certain high LTV and condominium mortgage loans, a hazard insurance policy with
a generally acceptable carrier that provides for fire and extended coverage
relating to the mortgage loan in an amount not less than the least of the
outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan, the minimum amount required
to compensate for damage or loss on a replacement cost basis and the full
insurable value of the premises. The master servicer may obtain a blanket policy
to satisfy the requirement for hazard insurance.
If a mortgage loan at the time of origination relates to a mortgaged
property in an area identified in the federal register by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency as having special flood hazards, the master servicer will
maintain with respect thereto a flood insurance policy in a form meeting the
requirements of the then current guidelines of the Federal Insurance
Administration with a generally acceptable carrier. The flood insurance policy
should provide for recovery by the master servicer on behalf of the trust of
insurance proceeds relating to the mortgage loan of not less than the least of
the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan, the minimum amount
required to compensate for damage or loss on a replacement cost basis and the
maximum amount of insurance that is available under the Flood Disaster
Protection Act of 1973. The master servicer will be required to indemnify the
trust out of the master servicer's own funds for any loss to the trust resulting
from the master servicer's failure to
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maintain the flood insurance if the mortgage loan is not covered by the master
servicer's blanket policy.
In the event that the master servicer obtains and maintains a blanket
policy insuring against fire with extended coverage and against flood hazards on
all of the mortgage loans, then, to the extent the policy names the master
servicer as loss payee and provides coverage in an amount equal to the aggregate
unpaid principal balance on the mortgage loans without co-insurance, and
otherwise complies with specified requirements, the master servicer shall be
deemed conclusively to have satisfied its obligations to maintain fire, flood
and hazard insurance coverage. The blanket policy may contain a deductible
clause, in which case the master servicer will be required, in the event that
there shall not have been maintained on the mortgaged property a complying
policy, and there shall have been a loss that would have been covered by the
policy, to deposit in the principal and interest account from the master
servicer's own funds the difference, if any, between the amount that would have
been payable under a separate policy and the amount paid under the blanket
policy.
THE SPONSOR
The sponsor, Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc., was incorporated in the
State of Nevada in March, 1994. It is a direct subsidiary of Advanta Mortgage
Conduit Services, Inc., and an affiliate of Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA. The
sponsor was formed as a special purpose finance subsidiary to facilitate the
issuance of these securities.
The sponsor maintains its principal office at 10790 Rancho Bernardo
Road, San Diego, California 92127. Its telephone number is (858) 676-3099.
THE MASTER SERVICER
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA or its affiliates will act as the master
servicer for a series of securities. Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA is a Delaware
corporation incorporated in 1983. It is a nationwide servicer of first and
junior lien loans. Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA has centralized servicing
functions located in San Diego, California.
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA was acquired by Advanta Corp., a Delaware
corporation in September, 1986 and is an indirect subsidiary of Advanta Corp.
The master servicer is an affiliate of Advanta National Bank, a national banking
association domiciled in Delaware and Advanta Bank Corp., a Utah industrial loan
corporation, and the parent of Advanta Mortgage Corp. Midatlantic, Advanta
Mortgage Corp. Midatlantic II, Advanta Mortgage Corp. Midwest, Advanta Mortgage
Corp. Northeast, Advanta Finance Corp. and Advanta Mortgage Conduit Services,
Inc.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION OF INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The sponsor has filed a registration statement under the Securities Act
of 1933, with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to these
securities. This prospectus contains,
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and the prospectus supplement for each series of securities will contain, a
summary of the material terms of the securities, but neither contains nor will
contain all of the information contained in the registration statement of which
this prospectus is a part. For further information, we suggest that you read the
registration statement and any amendments thereof and exhibits to the
registration statement. You may obtain a copy of the registration statement from
the Public Reference Section of the Securities and Exchange Commission, 450
Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 upon payment of the prescribed
charges, or you may examine the registration statement free of charge at the
Securities and Exchange Commission's offices, 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549 or at the regional offices of the Securities and Exchange
Commission located at Room 1400, 75 Park Place, New York, New York 10007 and
Northwestern Atrium Center, 500 West Madison Street, Suite 400, Chicago,
Illinois 60661-2511. In addition, the Securities and Exchange Commission
maintains a site on the World Wide Web containing reports, proxy and information
statements and other items. The address is http://www.sec.gov.
We suggest that, in making your investment decision, you rely only on
the information contained in this document and the prospectus supplement. We
have not authorized anyone to provide any information that is different. This
prospectus and any prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or a
solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities offered
by this prospectus and that prospectus supplement nor an offer of the securities
to any person in any state or other jurisdiction in which the offer would be
unlawful.
This prospectus incorporates by reference all documents and reports
filed for a series under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of
the offering for that series. Information in this prospectus, the accompanying
prospectus supplement or any document that is subsequently incorporated by
reference may modify or supercede information incorporated by reference in this
prospectus. The modified or superceded information will be a part of this
prospectus only in its modified or superceded form.
The sponsor will provide or cause to be provided without charge to each
person to whom this prospectus is delivered in connection with the offering of
one or more classes of securities, a list identifying all filings for that
series under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
since the trust's latest fiscal year covered by its annual report on Form 10-K
and a copy of any or all documents or reports incorporated by reference in this
prospectus for that series, excluding any exhibits to those documents or
reports.
We include cross references in this prospectus to captions where you
can find further discussions. The table of contents located on page 2 of this
prospectus provides the pages on which these captions appear.
You can obtain from the sponsor, free of charge, a copy of the
financial information incorporated by reference by making an oral or written
request to Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc., Attention: General Counsel, Welsh
& McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, (215) 657-4000.
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THE AGREEMENTS
Each series of securities will be issued under one or more agreements
which will establish the trust, pool the mortgage loans, provide for the
servicing of the mortgage loans and issue the securities. The following
paragraphs describe the material provisions common to the agreements but are
subject to the more detailed discussion in the prospectus supplement.
SERVICING AND OTHER COMPENSATION AND PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
Each servicer, whether the master servicer or any sub-servicer, will
retain a servicing fee in connection with its servicing activities equal to the
percentage per annum specified in the prospectus supplement. The servicing fee
is payable monthly and is based on the outstanding principal amount of the
mortgage loans.
In addition to the servicing fee, the master servicer will be entitled
to retain additional servicing compensation in the form of prepayment charges,
release fees, bad check charges, assumption fees, modification fees, late
payment charges, any other servicing type fees, net liquidation proceeds not
required to be deposited in the principal and interest account and similar
items.
The master servicer will pay or cause to be paid some of the ongoing
expenses associated with each trust and incurred by it in connection with its
servicing responsibilities including, without limitation:
- - the fees and disbursements of the trustee, any firm of independent,
nationally recognized certified public accountants, the custodian appointed
by the trustee, the security registrar, any paying agent,
- - expenses incurred in enforcing the obligations of sub-servicers and
originators and
- - any fee or other amount payable in respect of any alternative credit
enhancement arrangements.
The master servicer may be entitled to reimbursement of expenses
incurred in enforcing the obligations of sub-servicers and originators under
some limited circumstances. In addition, the master servicer will be entitled to
reimbursements for some of the expenses incurred by it in connection with
liquidated mortgage loans and in connection with the restoration of mortgaged
properties, the right of reimbursement being prior to the rights of
securityholders to receive any liquidation proceeds, including insurance
proceeds.
EVIDENCE AS TO COMPLIANCE
The agreements will require the master servicer to deliver annually to
the trustee and any credit enhancement provider:
- - an annual officers' certificate to the effect that the master servicer has
fulfilled its obligations under the agreements throughout the preceding
calendar year, and
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- - a letter or letters of a firm of independent, nationally recognized
certified public accountants reasonably acceptable to the credit
enhancement provider, if applicable, stating that it has examined a sample
of the documents and records of the master servicer and that, based on the
examination, it is of the opinion that the servicing has been conducted in
compliance with the agreements except for immaterial exceptions and any
other exceptions set forth in the letter.
Copies of the annual accountants' statement and the annual officer's
certificate may be obtained by securityholders without charge upon written
request to the master servicer.
REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF THE MASTER SERVICER
The master servicer may not resign from its obligations and duties,
except in connection with a permitted transfer of servicing, unless the duties
and obligations are no longer permissible under applicable law or are in
material conflict by reason of applicable law with any other activities of a
type and nature presently carried on by it. No resignation of the master
servicer will become effective until the trustee or a successor master servicer
has assumed the master servicer's obligations and duties.
The trustee, the securityholders or any credit enhancement provider,
will have the right to remove the master servicer upon the occurrence of any of
the following
- - events of insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and
liabilities or similar proceedings regarding the master servicer and
actions by the master servicer indicating its insolvency or inability to
pay its obligations;
- - the failure of the master servicer to perform any one or more of its
material obligations under the agreements as to which the master servicer
shall continue in default with respect thereto for a period, after notice
of this failure; or
- - the failure of the master servicer to cure any breach of any of its
representations and warranties set forth in the agreements which materially
and adversely affects the interests of the securityholders or any credit
enhancement provider, for a period, after the master servicer's discovery
or receipt of notice.
The agreements may also provide that the credit enhancement provider
may remove the master servicer upon the occurrence of any of these events,
subject to the applicable cure periods:
- - on any payment date, if the total available funds are less than the amount
of any required distribution then due on the credit enhanced securities,
unless the master servicer can demonstrate to the reasonable satisfaction
of the credit enhancement provider that the event was due to circumstances
beyond the control of the master servicer;
- - the failure by the master servicer to make any required advance, or to pay
any required compensating interest; or
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- - the failure of the master servicer to perform one or more of its material
obligations under the agreements.
AMENDMENTS TO THE AGREEMENTS
The trustee, the sponsor and the master servicer may amend the
agreements, for the purposes of (1) curing any ambiguity, or correcting or
supplementing any provision of the agreements which may be inconsistent with any
other provision of the agreements, (2) allowing transfers, or complying with the
requirements of the Internal Revenue Code or (3) adding to the trust property,
or further perfecting the trustee's interests in the trust property, with the
prior consent of the trustee or any credit enhancement provider, but without the
giving of notice to or the receipt of the consent of the securityholders under
the agreements. No amendment adopted without securityholder consent will, as
evidenced by an opinion of counsel delivered to the trustee, materially and
adversely affect the interests of any securityholder.
The agreements may also be amended by the trustee, the sponsor and the
master servicer with the prior written consent of any credit enhancement
provider, and not less than a majority of the securityholders represented by
each class of securities then outstanding or, if the amendment does not affect
all classes, then just the affected classes, for the purpose of (1) adding or
changing any provisions, (2) eliminating any of the provisions of the agreements
or (3) modifying in any manner the rights of the securityholders. No amendment
can change the amount of, or delay the timing of, payments which are required to
be distributed to any securityholders without the consent of the
Securityholders. In addition, no amendment can change the percentages of
securityholders which are required to consent to amendments, without the
unanimous consent of the holders of all the effected class or classes of
securities then outstanding.
RETIREMENT OF SECURITIES; REDEMPTION
Each trust will terminate upon the earlier of:
- - the payment to the securityholders and any credit enhancement provider of
all amounts due to them;
- - receipt by the trust of the final payment or other liquidation of the last
mortgage loan in the trust, or following the disposition of all property
acquired in respect of any mortgage loan remaining in the trust; and
- - any time when a liquidation of the trust is effected.
In no event, will any trust continue beyond the expiration of 21 years
from the death of the survivor of persons named in the agreements. Written
notice of termination of a trust will be given to each securityholder of that
series, and the final distribution will be made only upon surrender and
cancellation of the securities at an office or agency designated by the trustee
of that trust. If the securityholders are permitted to terminate the trust
under the applicable agreements, a penalty may be imposed upon the
securityholders based upon the fee that would be foregone by the master
servicer because of the termination.
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Each trust may also allow for an early redemption or clean-up call. The
clean-up call may occur at the option of the master servicer or any of its
affiliated sub-servicers or, if applicable, the credit enhancement provider, and
will result in the early redemption of the securities at a price at least equal
to the outstanding principal balance of the securities plus accrued interest.
The holders of any interest only security may not receive any payment in
connection with a clean-up call. The exercise of these rights may cause the
securities to prepay earlier than expected on any date the aggregate principal
balance of the mortgage loans or the securities, as applicable, for a given
series is less than a specified percentage of the initial balance.
THE TRUSTEE
The trustee under the agreements will be named in the prospectus
supplement. The trustee will have no obligation to exercise any of the rights or
powers vested in it by the agreements at the request or direction of any of the
securityholders, unless the securityholders shall have offered to the trustee
reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities
which might be incurred by it in compliance with the request or direction.
The trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers granted by the
agreements or perform any duties thereunder either directly or by or through
agents or attorneys. The trustee will not be responsible for any misconduct or
negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed and supervised with
due care by it.
The trustee will not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take
in good faith which it reasonably believes to be authorized by an authorized
officer of any person or within its rights or powers under the agreements.
Each agreement will permit the removal of the trustee if the upon the
occurrence and continuance of events listed in the agreement , including the
failure of the trustee to satisfy the relevant eligibility requirements, the
trustee's becoming insolvent or the trustee breaches any representation or
warranty made by it.
If an event permitting the removal of the trustee occurs and is
continuing, then, the sponsor, the securityholders, acting on the terms of the
agreements, or any credit enhancement provider may, whether or not the trustee
has resigned, appoint a successor trustee.
The trustee will be liable under the agreements only to the extent of
the obligations specifically imposed upon and undertaken by it. Neither the
trustee nor any of the directors, officers, employees or agents will be under
any liability on any security or to the sponsor, the master servicer or any
securityholder for any action taken or for refraining from the taking of any
action in good faith under the agreements, or for errors in judgment. The
trustee, however, will not be protected against any liability it incurs by
reason of negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct in
the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its duties.
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LEGAL ASPECTS OF MORTGAGE LOANS
The following discussion contains summaries of the material legal
aspects of mortgage loans that are general in nature. These legal aspects are
governed in part by state laws, which may be different in the various states.
Consequently, these summaries are not complete, do not reflect the laws of any
particular state and do not encompass the laws of all states in which the
mortgaged properties may be located.
The mortgage loans will be represented by a mortgage note and an
accompanying mortgage. According to the mortgage note, the mortgagor is
personally liable to repay the indebtedness evidenced by the mortgage loan. The
mortgage secures the indebtedness by a lien on the mortgaged property.
ENFORCEMENT OF THE MORTGAGE NOTE
In some states, the lender on a note secured by a lien on real property
has the option of bringing a personal action against the borrower on the debt
without first exhausting all remedies against the mortgaged property, such as
foreclosure. In some of these states the lender, after it has received a
personal judgment, may be deemed to have elected a remedy and may be precluded
from exercising remedies against the mortgaged property. Consequently, the
practical effect of the election requirement, in those states permitting this
election, is that lenders will usually proceed against the property first rather
than bringing a personal action against the borrower on the note.
Some states have imposed statutory prohibitions that limit the remedies
of a beneficiary under a deed of trust or a mortgagee under a mortgage for
example:
- - statutes that limit the right of the beneficiary or mortgagee, to obtain a
deficiency judgment against the borrower following foreclosure; a
deficiency judgment is a personal judgment against the former borrower
equal in most cases to the difference between the amount due to the lender
and the net amount realized upon the public sale of the real property;
- - other statutes require the beneficiary or mortgagee to exhaust all remedies
against the mortgaged property in an attempt to satisfy the full debt
before bringing a personal action against the borrower;
- - statutory provisions limit any deficiency judgment against the former
borrower following a foreclosure to the excess of the outstanding debt over
the fair value of the property at the time of the public sale.
The purpose of these statutes is generally to prevent a beneficiary or mortgagee
from obtaining a large deficiency judgment against the former borrower as a
result of low or no bids at the judicial sale.
In addition to laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency judgments,
numerous other federal and state statutory provisions, including the federal
bankruptcy laws and state laws affording relief to debtors, may interfere with
or affect the ability of a trust to realize upon collateral or
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enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, a federal bankruptcy law may permit
a debtor through his or her Chapter 11 or Chapter 13 rehabilitative plan to cure
a monetary default in respect of a mortgage loan on a debtor's residence by
paying arrearages within a reasonable time period and reinstating the original
mortgage loan payment schedule even though the lender accelerated the mortgage
loan and final judgment of foreclosure had been entered in state court prior to
the filing of the debtor's bankruptcy petition, if no sale of the residence had
yet occurred. Some courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have approved
plans, based on the particular facts of the reorganization case, that effected
the curing of a mortgage loan default by paying arrearages over a number of
years.
Courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction also have held that the
terms of a mortgage loan secured by property of the debtor may be modified.
These courts have allowed modifications that include reducing the amount of each
monthly payment, changing the rate of interest, altering the repayment schedule,
forgiving all or a portion of the debt and reducing the lender's security
interest to the value of the residence, thus leaving the lender a general
unsecured creditor for the difference between the value of the residence and the
outstanding balance of the loan.
A number of states have imposed general equitable principles upon
judicial foreclosure. These equitable principles are generally designed to
relieve the borrower from the legal effect of the borrower's default under the
loan documents. Examples of judicial remedies that have been fashioned include
judicial requirements that the lender undertake affirmative and expensive
actions to determine the causes for the borrower's default and the likelihood
that the borrower will be able to reinstate the loan. In some cases, lenders
have been required to reinstate loans or recast payment schedules in order to
accommodate borrowers who are suffering from temporary financial disabilities.
In other cases, the courts have limited the right of the lender to foreclose if
the default under the loan is not monetary, such as the borrower failing to
adequately maintain the property or the borrower executing a second deed of
trust affecting the property.
Tax liens arising under the Internal Revenue Code may be prior to the
lien of a mortgage or deed of trust. In addition, substantive requirements are
imposed upon mortgage lenders in connection with the origination and the
servicing of mortgage loans by numerous federal and some state consumer
protection laws. These laws include, by example, the federal Truth-in-Lending
Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair
Credit Billing Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act and other statutes and state laws,
such as the California Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. These laws and
regulations impose specific statutory liabilities upon lenders who originate
mortgage loans and fail to comply with the provisions of the law. In some cases,
this liability may affect assignees of the mortgage loans.
DEEDS OF TRUST OR MORTGAGES
The mortgage loans will be secured by either deeds of trust or
mortgages, depending upon the prevailing practice in the state in which the
mortgaged property subject to a mortgage loan is located. In some states, a
mortgage creates a lien upon the real property encumbered by the mortgage. In
other states, the mortgage conveys legal title to the property to the mortgagee
subject to the payment of the indebtedness. The mortgage is not prior to the
lien for real estate taxes and assessments and other charges imposed under
governmental police powers. Priority
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between mortgages depends on their terms in some cases or on the terms of
separate subordination or intercreditor agreements, and generally on the order
of recordation of the mortgage in the appropriate recording office. There are
two parties to a mortgage, the mortgagor, who is the borrower and homeowner, and
the mortgagee, who is the lender. Under the mortgage instrument, the mortgagor
delivers to the mortgagee a note or bond and the mortgage. In the case of a land
trust, there are three parties because title to the property is held by a land
trustee under a land trust agreement of which the borrower is the beneficiary;
at origination of a mortgage loan, the borrower executes a separate undertaking
to make payments on the mortgage note. Although a deed of trust is similar to a
mortgage, a deed of trust has three parties; the borrower and homeowner called
the trustor, a lender called the beneficiary, and a third-party grantee called
the trustee. Under a deed of trust, the borrower grants the property,
irrevocably until the debt is paid, in trust, generally with a power of sale, to
the trustee to secure payment of the obligation. The trustee's authority under a
deed of trust and the mortgagee's authority under a mortgage are governed by
law, the express provisions of the deed of trust or mortgage, and, in some
cases, the directions of the beneficiary.
COOPERATIVE LOANS
If specified in the prospectus supplement of a series of securities,
the mortgage loans may consist of cooperative loans evidenced by cooperative
notes secured by security interests in shares issued by cooperatives and in any
leases or occupancy agreements allowing the mortgagor the right to occupy
specific the cooperative unit. The security agreement will create a lien upon,
or grant a title interest in, the property which it covers, the priority of
which will depend on the terms of the particular security agreement as well as
the order of recordation of the agreement in the appropriate recording office.
These liens or title interests are not prior to the lien for real estate taxes
and assessments and other charges imposed under governmental police powers.
Each cooperative owns or leases the real property and owns or leases
the building and all separate units. The cooperative is directly responsible for
property management and, in most cases, payment of real estate taxes, other
governmental impositions and hazard and liability insurance. If there is a
blanket mortgage or blanket lease on the cooperative apartment building or
underlying land, the cooperative, as mortgagor or lessee also is responsible for
meeting these mortgage or rental obligations. If the cooperative is unable to
meet the payment obligations under a blanket mortgage, the mortgagee holding a
blanket mortgage could foreclose on that mortgage and terminate all subordinate
proprietary leases and occupancy agreements. Similarly, if the cooperative is
unable to meet the payment obligations under a land lease, the holder of the
landlord's interest under the land lease could terminate it and all subordinate
proprietary leases and occupancy agreements. A foreclosure by the holder of a
blanket mortgage or the termination of the underlying lease could eliminate or
significantly diminish the value of any collateral held by the lender who
financed the purchase by an individual tenant-stockholder of cooperative shares
or, in the case of the mortgage loans, the collateral securing the cooperative
loans.
FORECLOSURE OF MORTGAGE LOANS
Foreclosure of a deed of trust is generally accomplished by a non
judicial trustee's sale under the deed of trust and state laws which authorize
the trustee to sell the property upon default by the borrower under the terms of
the note or deed of trust. Beside the non judicial remedy, a
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deed of trust may be judicially foreclosed. In addition to any notice
requirements contained in a deed of trust, in some states, the trustee must
record a notice of default and within a period of time send a copy to the
trustor and to any person who has recorded a request for a copy of notice of
default and notice of sale. In addition, the trustee must provide notice in some
states to any other individual having an interest of record in the real
property, including any junior lienholders. If the deed of trust is not
reinstated within a specified period, a notice of sale must be posted in a
public place and, in most states, published for a specific period of time in one
or more local newspapers. In addition, some state laws require that a copy of
the notice of sale be posted on the property and sent to all parties having an
interest of record in the real property.
Foreclosure of a mortgage is generally accomplished by judicial action.
Typically, the action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all
parties having an interest of record in the real property. Delays in completion
of the foreclosure may occasionally result from difficulties in locating
necessary parties. Judicial foreclosure proceedings are often not contested by
any of the applicable parties. If the mortgagee's right to foreclose is
contested, the legal proceedings necessary to resolve the issue can be time
consuming.
In some states, the trustor has the right to reinstate the loan at any
time following default until shortly before the trustee's sale. In these states,
the borrower, or any other person having a junior encumbrance on the real
estate, may, during a reinstatement period, cure the default by paying the
entire amount in arrears plus the costs and expenses incurred in enforcing the
obligation.
In the case of foreclosure under either a mortgage or a deed of trust,
the sale by the referee or other designated officer or by the trustee is a
public sale. However, because of the difficulty a potential buyer at the sale
would have in determining the exact status of title and because the physical
condition of the property may have deteriorated during the foreclosure
proceedings, it is uncommon for a third party to purchase the property at a
foreclosure sale unless there is a great deal of economic incentive for the new
purchaser. It is more common for the lender to purchase the property from the
trustee or referee for an amount that is less than or equal to the sum of the
unpaid principal amount of the mortgage loan, plus accrued and unpaid interest
and the expense of foreclosure. Typically, state law controls the amount of
foreclosure costs and expenses, including attorneys' fees, which may be
recovered by a lender.
Subject to the right of the borrower in some states to remain in
possession during the redemption period, the lender will assume the burdens of
ownership, including obtaining hazard insurance and making repairs at its own
expense as are necessary to render the property suitable for sale. The lender
will commonly obtain the services of a real estate broker and pay the broker's
commission in connection with the sale of the property. Depending upon market
conditions, the ultimate proceeds of the sale of the property may not equal the
lender's investment in the property and, in some states, the lender may be
entitled to a deficiency judgment. Any loss may be reduced by the receipt of any
mortgage insurance proceeds.
FORECLOSURE ON COOPERATIVE LOANS
If a cooperative loan must be foreclosed on, the cooperative will
usually recognize the lender's lien against proceeds from a sale of the
cooperative apartment, subject, however, to the
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cooperative's right to sums due or sums that have become liens on the shares
relating to the proprietary lease or occupancy agreement. The total amount owed
to the cooperative by the borrower could reduce the amount realized upon a sale
of the cooperative mortgage loan below the outstanding principal balance of the
cooperative mortgage loan plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The documentation governing cooperative loans generally also provide
that, in the event of a foreclosure, the lender must obtain the approval or
consent of the cooperative before transferring the cooperative shares to a new
buyer. Typically, the lender is not limited in any rights it may have to
dispossess the tenant stockholder.
RIGHTS OF REDEMPTION
In some states, after the foreclosure of a mortgage, the mortgagor and
foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory period to redeem the property
from the foreclosure sale. In some states, redemption may occur only upon
payment of the entire principal balance plus accrued interest and expenses of
foreclosure. In other states, redemption may be authorized if the former
borrower pays only a portion of the sums due. The effect of a statutory right of
redemption is to diminish the ability of the lender to sell the foreclosed
property. The rights of redemption would defeat the title of any purchaser
subsequent to foreclosure or sale under a deed of trust. Consequently, the
practical effect of the redemption right is to force the lender to maintain the
property and pay the expenses of ownership until the redemption period has
expired. In some states, there is no right to redeem property after a trustee's
sale under a deed of trust.
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION
A number of states impose a statutory lien for associated costs on
property that is the subject of a cleanup action by the state on account of
hazardous wastes or hazardous substances released or disposed of on the
property. This lien may have priority over all subsequent liens on the property
and, in some states, will have priority over prior recorded liens including the
lien of a mortgage. In some states this lien will not have priority over prior
recorded liens of a deed of trust. In addition, under federal environmental
legislation and under state law in a number of states, a secured party which
takes a deed in lieu of foreclosure or acquires a mortgaged property at a
foreclosure sale or assumes active control over the operation or management of a
property may be liable for the costs of cleaning up a contaminated site.
Although these costs could be substantial, it is unclear whether they would be
imposed on a lender such as a trust, secured by residential real property. In
the event that a trust acquired a mortgaged property through foreclosure or
otherwise, and cleanup costs were incurred in respect of the mortgaged property,
the holders of the securities might realize a loss if these costs were required
to be paid by the trust.
ENFORCEABILITY OF MORTGAGE LOANS PROVISIONS
Generally all of the mortgage loans contain due-on-sale clauses. These
clauses permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the loan if the borrower
sells, transfers or conveys the property. The enforceability of these clauses
has been the subject of legislation or litigation in many states including
California, and in some cases the enforceability of these clauses was
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limited or denied. However, federal law preempts state constitutional, statutory
and case law that prohibits the enforcement of due-on-sale clauses and permits
lenders to enforce these clauses in accordance with their terms, subject to
limited exceptions. This federal law encourages lenders to permit assumption of
loans at the original rate of interest or at some other rate less than the
average of the original rate and the market rate.
This federal law also provides for specific instances in which a
mortgage lender may not exercise a due-on-sale clause, notwithstanding the fact
that a transfer of the property may have occurred. These include intra-family
transfers, transfers by operation of law, leases of fewer than three years and
the creation of a junior encumbrance. Regulations also prohibit the imposition
of a prepayment penalty upon the acceleration of a loan under a due-on-sale
clause.
The inability to enforce a due-on-sale clause may result in a mortgage
loan bearing a coupon rate below the current market rate being assumed by a new
home buyer rather than being paid off, that may have an impact upon the average
life of the mortgage loans and the number of mortgage loans that may be
outstanding until maturity.
Upon foreclosure, courts have imposed general equitable principles.
These equitable principles generally are designed to relieve the borrower from
the legal effect of his defaults under the loan documents. Examples of judicial
remedies that have been fashioned include judicial requirements that the lender
undertake affirmative and expensive actions to determine the causes for the
borrower's default and the likelihood that the borrower will be able to
reinstate the loan. In some cases, courts have substituted their judgment for
the lender's judgment and have required that lenders reinstate loans or recast
payment schedules in order to accommodate borrowers who are suffering from
temporary financial disability. In other cases, courts have limited the right of
the lender to foreclose if the default under the mortgage instrument is not
monetary, such as the borrower failing to adequately maintain the property or
the borrower executing a second mortgage or deed of trust affecting the
property. Finally, some courts have been faced with the issue of whether or not
federal or state constitutional provisions reflecting due process concerns for
adequate notice require that borrowers under deeds of trust or mortgages receive
notices in addition to the statutorily prescribed minimum. For the most part,
these cases have upheld the notice provisions as being reasonable or have found
that the sale by a trustee under a deed of trust, or under a mortgage having a
power of sale, does not involve sufficient state action to afford constitutional
protections to the borrower.
CALIFORNIA DEEDS OF TRUST
Most institutional lenders in California use a form of deed of trust
that confers on the beneficiary the right both to receive all proceeds collected
under any hazard insurance policy and all awards made in connection with any
condemnation proceedings, and to apply these proceeds and awards to any debt
secured by the deed of trust, in the order specified by the beneficiary.
California law prohibits the beneficiary from applying insurance and
condemnation proceeds to the debt secured by the deed of trust unless the
beneficiary's security has been impaired by the casualty or condemnation. If the
security has been impaired, California law permits these proceeds to be applied
to the extent of the impairment. In the event improvements on the property are
damaged or destroyed by fire or other casualty, or if the property is taken by
condemnation, and the beneficiary's security is impaired, the beneficiary under
the first deed of
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trust will have the prior right to collect any insurance proceeds and any damage
award from the condemnation. Proceeds in excess of the amount of debt secured by
a first deed of trust will, in most cases, be applied to the indebtedness of a
junior deed of trust.
Another provision typically found in California deeds of trust
obligates the mortgagor to pay all taxes and assessments on the property, to
provide and maintain fire insurance on the property, and to maintain and repair
the property. Upon a failure of the mortgagor to perform any of these
obligations, the beneficiary is given the right under the deed of trust to
perform those obligations, and the mortgagor agrees to reimburse the beneficiary
for any sums expended by the beneficiary on behalf of the mortgagor. All sums
expended by the beneficiary become part of the indebtedness secured by the deed
of trust.
APPLICABILITY OF USURY LAWS
Federal law provides that state usury limitations do not apply to some
types of residential first mortgage loans. The federal law authorized any state
to reimpose interest rate limits by adopting, before April 1, 1983, a law or
constitutional provision which expressly rejects application of the federal law.
In addition, even where this federal law is not rejected, any state is
authorized by the law to adopt a provision limiting discount points or other
charges on mortgage loans covered by the law. A number of states have taken
action to reimpose interest rate limits or to limit discount points or other
charges.
The sponsor will represent that each mortgage loan was originated in
compliance with applicable state laws in effect at the time of origination,
including usury laws, in all material respects. However, the coupon rates on the
mortgage loans will be subject to applicable usury laws as in effect from time
to time.
SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' CIVIL RELIEF ACT OF 1940
Under the terms of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940,
members of all branches of the military on active duty, including draftees and
reservists on active duty:
- - are entitled to have interest rates reduced and capped at 6% per annum on
obligations, including mortgage loans, incurred prior to the commencement
of active duty and for the duration of active duty,
- - may be entitled to a stay of proceedings on any kind of foreclosure or
repossession action in the case of defaults on the obligations entered into
prior to active duty for the duration of active duty and
- - may have the maturity of the obligations incurred prior to active duty
extended, the payments lowered and the payment schedule readjusted for a
period of time after the completion of active duty.
These benefits are subject to challenge by creditors and if, in the
opinion of the court, the ability of a person to comply with the obligations is
not materially impaired by active duty, the court may apply equitable
principles. If a mortgagor's obligation to repay amounts otherwise due on a
mortgage loan is relieved by the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act,
neither the trust, the
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master servicer, the sponsor, any credit enhancement provider nor the trustee
will be required to advance the amounts that would otherwise be due. Any loss
resulting from the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act may reduce the
amounts available to be paid to the securityholders. In the event that the
Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act or similar legislation or regulations
apply to any mortgage loan which goes into default, there may be delays in
payment and losses on the securities. Any interest shortfalls, deferrals or
forgiveness of payments on the mortgage loans resulting from similar legislation
or regulations may result in delays in payments or losses to securityholders of
the series.
MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following discussion describes the material federal income tax
consequences to the original purchasers of the securities of the purchase,
ownership and disposition of the securities. The opinion of [counsel], special
tax counsel to the sponsor, does not purport to deal with all federal tax
considerations applicable to all categories of investors. The tax consequences
to holders subject to special rules, including insurance companies, tax-exempt
organizations, financial institutions or broker dealers, taxpayers subject to
the alternative minimum tax, and holders that will hold the securities as other
than capital assets, are not discussed. In particular, this discussion applies
only to investors that purchase securities directly from the sponsor and hold
the securities as capital assets. The discussion is based upon laws,
regulations, rulings and decisions now in effect, all of which are subject
to change. Investors may wish to consult their own tax advisors in determining
the federal, state, local and any other tax consequences to them of the
purchase, ownership and disposition of the securities. As used in this section
and the "ERISA Considerations" section, code means the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 and IRS means the Internal Revenue Service.
We will file an unqualified tax opinion for a series with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 8-K prior to the issuance of the
securities.
The following discussion addresses securities of five general types:
- - grantor trust securities,
- - REMIC securities,
- - debt securities,
- - partnership interests, and
- - FASIT securities.
The prospectus supplement for each series of securities will indicate
whether a REMIC or FASIT election or elections will be made for the trust and,
if a REMIC or FASIT election is to be made, will identify all regular interests
and residual interests in the REMIC or all regular interests, high-yield
interests or ownership interests in the FASIT.
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The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 adds provisions to the code that
require the recognition of gain upon the constructive sale of an appreciated
financial position. A constructive sale of an appreciated financial position
occurs if a taxpayer enters into transactions involving a financial instrument
that have the effect of substantially eliminating the taxpayer's risk of loss
and opportunity for gain. These provisions apply only to classes of securities
that do not have a principal balance.
GRANTOR TRUST SECURITIES
If a series of securities is being issued by a grantor trust,
[counsel], special tax counsel to the sponsor, will deliver its opinion to the
sponsor that the trust will be classified as a grantor trust and not as a
partnership or an association taxable as a corporation. Accordingly, each
beneficial owner of a grantor trust security will generally be treated as the
owner of an interest in the loans included in the grantor trust.
For purposes of the following discussion, a grantor trust security
representing an undivided equitable ownership interest in the principal of the
mortgage loans together with interest at a pass-through rate, will be referred
to as a grantor trust fractional interest security. A grantor trust security
representing ownership of all or a portion of the difference between interest
paid on the mortgage loans and interest paid on grantor trust fractional
interest securities will be referred to as a grantor trust strip security.
SPECIAL TAX ATTRIBUTES
[counsel], special tax counsel to the sponsor, will deliver its opinion
to the sponsor that (a) grantor trust fractional interest securities will
represent interests in (1) loans . . . secured by an interest in real property
within the meaning of section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v) of the code; and (2)
obligations, including any participation or certificate of beneficial ownership,
which . . . are principally secured by an interest in real property within the
meaning of section 860G(a)(3)(A) of the code; and (b) interest on grantor trust
fractional interest securities will be considered interest on obligations
secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property within
the meaning of section 856(c)(3)(B) of the code. In addition, the grantor trust
strip securities will be obligations, including any participation or certificate
of beneficial ownership therein . . . principally secured by an interest in real
property within the meaning of section 860G(a)(3)(A) of the code.
TAXATION OF BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF GRANTOR TRUST SECURITIES
Beneficial owners of grantor trust fractional interest securities
generally will be required to report on their federal income tax returns their
respective shares of the income from the loans, including amounts used to pay
reasonable servicing fees and other expenses but excluding amounts payable to
beneficial owners of any corresponding grantor trust strip securities, and, will
be entitled to deduct their shares of any reasonable servicing fees and other
expenses. If a beneficial owner acquires a grantor trust fractional interest
security for an amount that differs from its outstanding principal amount, the
amount includible in income on a grantor trust fractional interest security may
differ from the amount of interest distributable. Individuals holding a grantor
trust fractional interest security directly or through pass-through entities
will be
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allowed a deduction for reasonable servicing fees and expenses only to the
extent that the aggregate of the beneficial owner's miscellaneous itemized
deductions exceeds 2% of the beneficial owner's adjusted gross income. Further,
beneficial owners, other than corporations, subject to the alternative minimum
tax may not deduct miscellaneous itemized deductions in determining alternative
minimum taxable income.
Beneficial owners of grantor trust strip securities generally will be
required to treat the securities as stripped coupons under section 1286 of the
code. Accordingly, the beneficial owner will be required to treat the excess of
the total amount of payments on the security over the amount paid for the
security as original issue discount and to include the discount in income as it
accrues over the life of the security.
Grantor trust fractional interest securities may also be subject to the
coupon stripping rules if a class of grantor trust strip securities is issued as
part of the same series of securities. The consequences of the application of
the coupon stripping rules would appear to be that any discount arising upon the
purchase of the security, and perhaps all stated interest, would be classified
as original issue discount and includible in the beneficial owner's income as it
accrues, regardless of the beneficial owner's method of accounting. The coupon
stripping rules will not apply, however, if (1) the pass-through rate is no more
than 100 basis points lower than the gross rate of interest payable on the
underlying loans and (2) the difference between the outstanding principal
balance on the security and the amount paid for the security is less than 0.25%
of the principal balance times the weighted average remaining maturity of the
security. See " -- Discount and Premium."
Sales of Grantor Trust Securities
Any gain or loss recognized on the sale of a grantor trust security,
which equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale and the
adjusted basis of the grantor trust security, will be capital gain or loss,
except to the extent of accrued and unrecognized market discount, which will be
treated as ordinary income, and in the case of banks and other financial
institutions except as provided under section 582(c) of the code. The adjusted
basis of a grantor trust security will generally equal its cost, increased by
any income reported by the seller, including original issue discount and market
discount income, and reduced, but not below zero, by any previously reported
losses, any amortized premium and by any distributions of principal.
Grantor Trust Reporting
The trustee will furnish to each beneficial owner of a grantor trust
fractional interest security with each distribution a statement detailing the
amount of the distribution allocable to principal on the underlying loans and to
interest, based on the interest rate on the security. In addition, within a
reasonable time after the end of each calendar year, based on information
provided by the servicer, the trustee will furnish to each beneficial owner
during the year the customary factual information that the servicer deems
necessary or desirable to enable beneficial owners of grantor trust securities
to prepare their tax returns and will furnish comparable information to the IRS
as and when required to do so by law.
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REMIC SECURITIES
If described in a prospectus supplement, an election will be made to
treat a trust as a REMIC under the code. Qualification as a REMIC requires
ongoing compliance with a number of conditions. If a series of securities is
being issued by a REMIC, [counsel], special tax counsel to the
sponsor, will deliver its opinion to the sponsor that, assuming compliance with
the agreements, the trust will be treated as a REMIC for federal income tax
purposes. The securities of each class will be designated as regular interests
in the REMIC trust except that a separate class will be designated as the
residual interest in the REMIC trust. The prospectus supplement for each series
of securities will state whether the securities of each class will constitute a
REMIC regular interest or a REMIC residual interest.
A REMIC trust will not be subject to federal income tax except with
respect to income from prohibited transactions and in other instances.
Generally, the total income from the loans in a REMIC trust will be taxable to
the beneficial owners of the securities of that series. See " -- Taxes on a
REMIC Trust."
The REMIC regulations issued by the Treasury Department on December 23,
1992 provide some guidance regarding the federal income tax consequences
associated with the purchase, ownership and disposition of REMIC securities.
While certain material provisions of the REMIC regulations are discussed below,
investors may wish to consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible
application of the REMIC regulations in their specific circumstances.
SPECIAL TAX ATTRIBUTES
REMIC regular interests and REMIC residual interests will be regular or
residual interests in a REMIC within the meaning of section 7701(a)(19)(C)(xi)
of the code and real estate assets within the meaning of section 856(c)(5)(A) of
the code. If at any time during a calendar year less than 95% of the assets of a
REMIC trust consist of qualified mortgages within the meaning of section
860G(a)(3) of the code then the portion of the REMIC regular interests and REMIC
residual interests that are qualifying assets under those sections during the
calendar year may be limited to the portion of the assets of the REMIC trust
that are qualified mortgages. Similarly, income on the REMIC regular interests
and REMIC residual interests will be treated as interest on obligations secured
by mortgages on real property within the meaning of section 856(c)(3)(B) of the
code, subject to the same limitation as set forth in the preceding sentence. For
purposes of applying this limitation, a REMIC trust should be treated as owning
the assets represented by the qualified mortgages. The assets of the trust will
include, in addition to the loans, payments on the loans held pending
distribution on the REMIC regular interests and REMIC residual interests and any
reinvestment income. REMIC regular interests and REMIC residual interests held
by a financial institution to which section 585, 586 or 593 of the code applies
will be treated as evidences of indebtedness for purposes of section 582(c)(1)
of the code. REMIC regular interests will also be qualified mortgages suitable
for investment by other REMICs and FASITs.
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TAXATION OF BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF REMIC REGULAR INTERESTS
Except as indicated below in this federal income tax discussion, the
REMIC regular interests will be treated for federal income tax purposes as debt
instruments issued by the REMIC trust on the date the securities are first sold
to the public and not as ownership interests in the REMIC trust or its assets.
beneficial owners of REMIC regular interests that otherwise report income under
a cash method of accounting will be required to report income with respect to
the securities under an accrual method. For additional tax consequences relating
to REMIC regular interests purchased at a discount or with premium, see "
- --Discount and Premium."
TAXATION OF BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF REMIC RESIDUAL INTERESTS
Daily Portions.
Except as indicated below, a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual
interest for a REMIC trust generally will be required to report its daily
portion of the taxable income or net loss of the REMIC trust for each day during
a calendar quarter that the beneficial owner owned the REMIC residual interest.
For this purpose, the daily portion shall be determined by allocating to each
day in the calendar quarter its ratable portion of the taxable income or net
loss of the REMIC trust for the quarter and by allocating the amount so
allocated among the residual beneficial owners, on this day, in accordance with
their percentage interests on this day. Any amount included in the gross income
or allowed as a loss of any residual beneficial owner by virtue of this
paragraph will be treated as ordinary income or loss.
The requirement that each beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest
report its daily portion of the taxable income or net loss of the REMIC trust
will continue until there are no securities of any class outstanding, even
though the beneficial owner of the REMIC residual interest may have received
full payment of the stated interest and principal on its REMIC residual
interest.
The trustee will provide to beneficial owners of REMIC residual
interests of each series of securities (1) the information as is necessary to
enable them to prepare their federal income tax returns and (2) any reports
regarding the Securities of a series that may be required under the Code.
Taxable Income or Net Loss of a REMIC Trust.
The taxable income or net loss of a REMIC trust will be the income from
the qualified mortgages it holds and any reinvestment earnings less deductions
allowed to the REMIC trust. This taxable income or net loss for a given calendar
quarter will be determined in the same manner as for an individual having the
calendar year as the taxable year and using the accrual method of accounting,
with the following four modifications. The first modification is that a
deduction will be allowed for accruals of interest, including any original issue
discount, but without regard to the investment interest limitation in section
163(d) of the code, on the REMIC regular interests, but not the REMIC residual
interests, even though REMIC regular interests are for non-tax purposes
evidences of beneficial ownership rather than indebtedness of a REMIC trust.
Second, market discount or premium equal to the difference between the total
stated principal balances of the qualified mortgages and the basis to the REMIC
trust generally will be
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included in income, in the case of discount, or deductible, in the case of
premium, by the REMIC trust as it accrues under a constant yield method, taking
into account the prepayment assumption specified in the prospectus supplement.
The basis to a REMIC trust in the qualified mortgages is the aggregate of the
issue prices of all the REMIC regular interests and REMIC residual interests in
the REMIC trust on the settlement date. If, however, a substantial amount of a
class of REMIC regular interests or REMIC residual interests has not been sold
to the public, then the fair market value of all the REMIC regular interests or
REMIC residual interests in that class as of the date of the prospectus
supplement should be substituted for the issue price. See " --Discount and
Premium -- Original Issue Discount."
The third modification is that no item of income, gain, loss or
deduction allocable to a prohibited transaction will be taken into account.
Fourth, a REMIC trust generally may not deduct any item that would not be
allowed in calculating the taxable income of a partnership by virtue of section
703(a)(2) of the code. Finally, the limitation on miscellaneous itemized
deductions imposed on individuals by section 67 of the code will not be applied
at the REMIC trust level to any servicing and guaranty fees. In addition, under
the REMIC regulations, any expenses that are incurred in connection with the
formation of a REMIC trust and the issuance of the REMIC regular interests and
REMIC residual interests are not treated as expenses of the REMIC trust for
which a deduction is allowed. If the deductions allowed to a REMIC trust exceed
its gross income for a calendar quarter, this excess will be a net loss for the
REMIC trust for that calendar quarter. The REMIC regulations also provide that
any gain or loss to a REMIC trust from the disposition of any asset, including a
qualified mortgage or permitted investment, as defined in section 860G(a)(5) of
the code, will be treated as ordinary gain or loss. See " -- Taxes on a REMIC
Trust -- Prohibited Transactions" and " -- Pass-Through of Servicing and
Guaranty Fees to Individuals."
A beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest may be required to
recognize taxable income without being entitled to receive a corresponding
amount of cash. This could occur, for example, if the qualified mortgages are
considered to be purchased by the REMIC trust at a discount, some or all of the
REMIC regular interests are issued at a discount, and the discount included as a
result of a prepayment on a loan that is used to pay principal on the REMIC
regular interests exceeds the REMIC trust's deduction for unaccrued original
issue discount relating to the REMIC regular interests. Taxable income may also
be greater in earlier years because interest expense deductions, expressed as a
percentage of the outstanding principal amount of the REMIC regular interests,
may increase over time as the earlier classes of REMIC regular interests are
paid, although the interest income on any given loan expressed as a percentage
of the outstanding principal amount of that loan will remain constant over time.
BASIS RULES AND DISTRIBUTIONS.
A beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest has an initial basis in
its security equal to the amount paid for the REMIC residual interest. This
basis is increased by amounts included in the income of the beneficial owner and
decreased by distributions and by any net loss taken into account on the REMIC
residual interest. A distribution on a REMIC residual interest to a beneficial
owner is not included in gross income to the extent it does not exceed the
beneficial owner's basis in the REMIC residual interest, adjusted as described
above, and, to the extent it
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exceeds the adjusted basis of the REMIC residual interest, shall be treated as
gain from the sale of the REMIC residual interest.
A beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest is not allowed to take
into account any net loss for any calendar quarter if the net loss exceeds the
beneficial owner's adjusted basis in its REMIC residual interest as of the close
of the calendar quarter, determined without regard to the net loss. Any loss
disallowed by reason of this limitation may be carried forward indefinitely to
future calendar quarters and, subject to the same limitation, may be used only
to offset income from the REMIC residual interest.
EXCESS INCLUSIONS.
Excess inclusions on a REMIC residual interest are subject to special
tax rules. Beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest, the excess inclusion
for any calendar quarter is defined as the excess, if any, of the daily portions
of taxable income over the sum of the daily accruals for each day during the
quarter that the REMIC residual interest was held by the beneficial owner. The
daily accruals are determined by allocating to each day during a calendar
quarter its ratable portion of the product of the adjusted issue price of the
REMIC residual interest at the beginning of the calendar quarter and 120% of the
federal long-term rate in effect on the settlement date, based on quarterly
compounding, and properly adjusted for the length of the quarter. For this
purpose, the adjusted issue price of a REMIC residual interest as of the
beginning of any calendar quarter is equal to the issue price of the REMIC
residual interest, increased by the amount of daily accruals for all prior
quarters and decreased by any distributions made on the REMIC residual interest
before the beginning of the quarter. The issue price of a REMIC residual
interest is the initial offering price to the public, excluding bond houses and
brokers, at which a substantial number of the REMIC residual interests was sold.
The federal long-term rate is a blend of current yields on Treasury securities
having a maturity of more than nine years, computed and published monthly by the
IRS.
In general, beneficial owners of REMIC residual interests with excess
inclusion income cannot offset the income by losses from other activities. For
beneficial owners that are subject to tax only on unrelated business taxable
income, as defined in section 511 of the code, an excess inclusion of the
beneficial owner is treated as unrelated business taxable income. The REMIC
regulations indicate that if a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest is
a member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated income tax return, the
taxable income of the affiliated group cannot be less than the sum of the excess
inclusions attributable to all residual interests in REMICS held by members of
the affiliated group. For a discussion of the effect of excess inclusions on
foreign investors that own REMIC residual interests, see " -- Foreign
Investors."
The Treasury Department also has the authority to issue regulations
that would treat all taxable income of a REMIC trust as excess inclusions if the
REMIC residual interest does not have significant value. Although the Treasury
Department did not exercise this authority in the REMIC regulations, future
regulations may contain that rule. If that rule were adopted, it is unclear how
significant value would be determined for these purposes. If no rule is
applicable, excess inclusions should be calculated as discussed above.
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In the case of any REMIC residual interests that are held by a real
estate investment trust, the aggregate excess inclusions on REMIC residual
interests reduced, but not below zero, by the real estate investment trust
taxable income, within the meaning of section 857(b)(2) of the code, excluding
any net capital gain, will be allocated among the shareholders of the REIT in
proportion to the dividends received by the shareholders from the REIT, and any
allocated amounts will be treated as an excess inclusion on a REMIC residual
interest as if held directly by the shareholder. Similar rules will apply in the
case of regulated investment companies, common trust funds and some cooperatives
that hold a REMIC residual interest.
PASS-THROUGH OF SERVICING AND GUARANTY FEES TO INDIVIDUALS.
A beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest who is an individual
will be required to include in income a share of any servicing and guaranty
fees. A deduction for these fees will be allowed to a beneficial owner only to
the extent that the fees, along with of the beneficial owner's other
miscellaneous itemized deductions exceed 2% of the beneficial owner's adjusted
gross income. In addition, a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest may
not be able to deduct any portion of the fees in computing the beneficial
owner's alternative minimum tax liability. A beneficial owner's share of the
fees will generally be determined by (1) allocating the amount of the expenses
for each calendar quarter on a pro rata basis to each day in the calendar
quarter, and (2) allocating the daily amount among the beneficial owners in
proportion to their respective holdings on this day.
TAXES ON A REMIC TRUST
Prohibited Transactions.
The code imposes a tax on a REMIC equal to 100% of the net income
derived from prohibited transactions. In general, a prohibited transaction means
the disposition of a qualified mortgage other than under specified exceptions,
the receipt of investment income from a source other than a loan or other
permitted investments, the receipt of compensation for services, or the
disposition of an asset purchased with the payments on the qualified mortgages
for temporary investment pending distribution on the regular and residual
interests.
Contributions to a REMIC after the Startup Day.
The code imposes a tax on a REMIC equal to 100% of the value of any
property contributed to the REMIC after the startup day, which is usually the
same day that settlement occurs. Exceptions are provided for cash contributions
to a REMIC (1) during the three month period beginning on the startup day, (2)
made to a qualified reserve fund by a beneficial owner of a residual interest,
(3) in the nature of a guarantee, (4) made to facilitate a qualified liquidation
or clean-up call, and (5) as otherwise permitted by treasury regulations.
Net Income from Foreclosure Property.
The Code imposes a tax on a REMIC equal to the highest corporate rate
on net income from foreclosure property. The terms foreclosure property, which
includes property acquired by deed in lieu of foreclosure, and net income from
foreclosure property are defined by reference to the rules applicable to real
estate investment trusts. Generally, foreclosure property would be
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treated as such for a period of three years, with possible extensions. Net
income from foreclosure property generally means gain from the sale of
foreclosure property that is inventory property and gross income from
foreclosure property other than qualifying rents and other qualifying income for
a real estate investment trust.
SALES OF REMIC SECURITIES
If a regular or residual interest is sold, the seller will recognize
gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized in the sale and
its adjusted basis, except in the case of multiple sales of REMIC residual
interests within six months, and sales of noneconomic residual interests. The
adjusted basis of a REMIC regular interest generally will equal the cost of the
security to the seller, increased by any original issue discount or market
discount included in the seller's gross income from the security and reduced by
distributions on the security previously received by the seller of amounts
included in the stated redemption price at maturity and by any premium that has
reduced the seller's interest income from the security. Except as described in
the following paragraph or under section 582(c) of the code, this gain or loss
will be capital gain or loss if the security is held as a capital asset,
generally, property held for investment, within the meaning of section 1221 of
the code.
Gain from the sale of a REMIC regular interest that might otherwise be
capital gain will be treated as ordinary income to the extent that the gain does
not exceed the excess, if any, of (1) the amount that would have been includible
in the income of the beneficial owner of a REMIC regular interest had income
accrued at a rate equal to 110% of the applicable federal rate, generally, an
average of current yields on Treasury securities, as of the date of purchase
over (2) the amount actually includible in the beneficial owner's income. In
addition, gain recognized on this sale by a beneficial owner of a REMIC regular
interest who purchased a security at a market discount would also be taxable as
ordinary income in an amount not exceeding the portion of the discount that
accrued during the period the security was held by the beneficial owner, reduced
by any market discount includible in income under the rules described under " --
Discount and Premium."
If a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest sells its REMIC
residual interest at a loss, the loss will not be recognized if, within six
months before or after the sale of the REMIC residual interest, the beneficial
owner purchases another residual interest in any REMIC or any interest in a
taxable mortgage pool, as defined in section 7701(i) of the Code, comparable to
a residual interest in a REMIC. This disallowed loss would be allowed upon the
sale of the other residual interest, or comparable interest, if the rule
referred to in the preceding sentence does not apply to that sale. While this
rule may be modified by Treasury regulations, no regulations have yet been
published.
Transfers of REMIC Residual Securities.
Section 860E(e) of the Code imposes a substantial tax, payable by the
transferor, or, if a transfer is through a broker, nominee, or other middleman
as the transferee's agent, payable by that agent, upon any transfer of a REMIC
residual interest to a disqualified organization and upon a pass-through entity,
including regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, common
trust funds, partnerships, trusts, estates, some cooperatives, and nominees,
that
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owns a REMIC residual interest if the pass-through entity has a disqualified
organization as a record-holder. A transfer includes any transfer of record or
beneficial ownership.
The term disqualified organization includes the United States, any
state or political subdivision thereof, any foreign government, any
international organization, or any agency or instrumentality of the foregoing,
other than some taxable instrumentalities, any cooperative organization
furnishing electric energy or providing telephone service to persons in rural
areas, or any organization, other than a farmers' cooperative, that is exempt
from federal income tax, unless the organization is subject to the tax on
unrelated business income. Moreover, an entity will not qualify as a REMIC
unless there are reasonable arrangements designed to ensure that (1) residual
interests in the entity are not held by disqualified organizations and (2)
information necessary for the application of the tax will be made available.
Restrictions on the transfer of a REMIC residual interest are described in the
agreements, and will be discussed more fully in the prospectus supplement
relating to the offering of any REMIC residual interest. In addition, a
pass-through entity, including a nominee, that holds a REMIC residual interest
may be subject to additional taxes if a disqualified organization is an owner of
the pass-through entity. A transferor of a REMIC residual interest, or an agent
of a transferee of a REMIC residual interest will be relieved of this tax
liability if (1) the transferee furnishes to the transferor, or the transferee's
agent, an affidavit that the transferee is not a disqualified organization, and
(2) the transferor, or the transferee's agent, does not have actual knowledge
that the affidavit is false at the time of the transfer. Similarly, this tax
will not be imposed on a pass-through entity in which a disqualified
organization is an owner if (1) the owner furnishes to the pass-through entity
an affidavit that it is not a disqualified organization, and (2) during the
period, the pass-through entity has no actual knowledge that the affidavit is
false.
The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 adds provisions to the Code that will
apply to an electing large partnership. If an electing large partnership holds a
residual interest, all interests in the electing large partnership are treated
as held by disqualified organizations for purposes of the tax imposed upon a
pass-through entity by section 860E(e) of the Code. An exception to this tax,
otherwise available to a pass-through entity that receives affidavits from its
owners and that does not know the affidavits are false, is not available to an
electing large partnership.
Under the REMIC regulations, a transfer of a noneconomic residual
interest to a U.S. person will be disregarded for all federal tax purposes
unless no significant purpose of the transfer is to impede the assessment or
collection of tax. A REMIC residual interest would be treated as constituting a
noneconomic residual interest unless, at the time of the transfer, (1) the
present value of the expected future distributions on the REMIC residual
interest is no less than the product of the present value of the anticipated
excess inclusions and the highest corporate rate of tax for the year in which
the transfer occurs, and (2) the transferor reasonably expects that the
transferee will receive distributions from the applicable REMIC trust in an
amount sufficient to satisfy the liability for income tax on any excess
inclusions at or after the time when the liability accrues. Anticipated excess
inclusions are the excess inclusions that are anticipated to be allocated to
each calendar quarter, or portion thereof, following the transfer of a REMIC
residual interest, determined as of the date the security is transferred and
based on events that have occurred as of that date and on the prepayment
assumption. See " -- Discount and Premium" and " -- Taxation of beneficial
owners of REMIC Residual Interests -- Excess Inclusions;" and" -- Foreign
Investors -- Grantor Trust Securities and REMIC regular interests".
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The REMIC regulations provide that a significant purpose to impede the
assessment or collection of tax exists if, at the time of the transfer, a
transferor of a REMIC residual interest has improper knowledge, which means that
the transferor, either knew, or should have known, that the transferee would be
unwilling or unable to pay taxes due on its share of the taxable income of the
REMIC trust. A transferor is presumed not to have improper knowledge if (1) the
transferor conducts, at the time of a transfer, a reasonable investigation of
the financial condition of the transferee and, as a result of the investigation,
the transferor finds that the transferee has historically paid its debts as they
come due and finds no significant evidence to indicate that the transferee will
not continue to pay its debts as they come due in the future; and (2) the
transferee makes representations to the transferor in its affidavit relating to
disqualified organizations. Transferors of a REMIC residual interest may wish to
consult with their own tax advisors for further information regarding these
transfers.
Reporting and Other Administrative Matters.
For purposes of the administrative provisions of the code, each REMIC
trust will be treated as a partnership and the beneficial owners of REMIC
residual interests will be treated as partners. The trustee will prepare, sign
and file federal income tax returns for each REMIC trust, which returns are
subject to audit by the IRS. Moreover, within a reasonable time after the end of
each calendar year, the trustee will furnish to each beneficial owner that
received a distribution during the year a statement describing the portions of
any distributions that constitute interest distributions, original issue
discount, and any other information as is required by Treasury regulations and,
for owners of REMIC residual interests, information necessary to compute the
daily portions of the taxable income or net loss of the REMIC trust for each day
during the year. The trustee may also act as the tax matters partner for each
REMIC trust, either in its capacity as a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual
interest or in a fiduciary capacity. Each beneficial owner of a REMIC residual
interest, by the acceptance of its REMIC residual interest, agrees that the
trustee will act as its fiduciary in the performance of any duties required of
it in the event that it is the tax matters partner.
Each beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest is required to treat
items on its return consistently with the treatment on the return of the REMIC
trust, unless the beneficial owner either files a statement identifying the
inconsistency or establishes that the inconsistency resulted from incorrect
information received from the REMIC trust. The IRS may assert a deficiency
resulting from a failure to comply with the consistency requirement without
instituting an administrative proceeding at the REMIC trust level.
TERMINATION
In general, no special tax consequences will apply to a beneficial
owner of a REMIC regular interest upon the termination of a REMIC trust by
virtue of the final payment or liquidation of the last loan remaining in the
trust estate. If a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest's adjusted
basis in its REMIC residual interest at the time the termination occurs exceeds
the amount of cash distributed to the beneficial owner in liquidation of its
interest, although the matter is not entirely free from doubt, it would appear
that the beneficial owner of the REMIC residual interest is entitled to a loss
equal to the amount of the excess.
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DEBT SECURITIES
For each series of debt securities, [counsel], special tax counsel to
the sponsor, will deliver its opinion to the sponsor that the securities will be
classified as debt of the sponsor secured by the mortgage loans. Consequently,
debt securities will not be treated as ownership interests in the loans or the
trust. Beneficial owners will be required to report income received on debt
securities in accordance with their normal method of accounting. For additional
tax consequences relating to debt securities purchased at a discount or with
premium, see " -- Discount and Premium."
SPECIAL TAX ATTRIBUTES
As described above, grantor trust securities will possess special tax
attributes by virtue of their being ownership interests in the mortgage loans.
Similarly, REMIC regular and residual interests will possess similar attributes
by virtue of the REMIC provisions of the Code. In general, debt securities will
not possess these special tax attributes. Investors to whom such attributes are
important may wish to consult their own tax advisors regarding investment in
debt securities.
SALE OR EXCHANGE OF DEBT SECURITIES
If a beneficial owner of a debt security sells or exchanges the
security, the beneficial owner will recognize gain or loss equal to the
difference, if any, between the amount received and the beneficial owner's
adjusted basis in the security. The adjusted basis in the security generally
will equal its initial cost, increased by any original issue discount or market
discount previously included in the seller's gross income from the security and
reduced by the payments previously received on the security, other than payments
of qualified stated interest, and by any amortized premium.
In general, except for certain financial institutions subject to
section 582(c) of the code, any gain or loss on the sale or exchange of a debt
security recognized by an investor who holds the security as a capital asset
within the meaning of section 1221 of the code, will be capital gain or loss and
will be long-term or short-term depending on whether the security has been held
for more than one year. See " --Discount and Premium -- Market Discount."
DEBT SECURITIES REPORTING
The trustee will furnish to each beneficial owner of a debt security
with each distribution a statement setting forth the amount of the distribution
allocable to principal on the underlying loans and to interest at the interest
rate. In addition, within a reasonable time after the end of each calendar year,
based on information provided by the servicer, the trustee will furnish to each
beneficial owner during the year the customary factual information that the
master servicer deems necessary or desirable to enable beneficial owners of debt
securities to prepare their tax returns and will furnish comparable information
to the IRS as and when required to do so by law.
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PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS
For each series of partnership interests, [counsel], special
tax counsel to the sponsor, will deliver its opinion to the sponsor that the
trust will be treated as a partnership and not an association taxable as a
corporation for federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, each beneficial owner
a partnership interest will generally be treated as the owner of an interest in
the loans.
SPECIAL TAX ATTRIBUTES
As described above, REMIC securities will possess special tax
attributes by virtue of the REMIC provisions of the Code. In general,
partnership interests will not possess these special tax attributes. Investors
to whom the special attributes are important may wish to consult their own tax
advisors regarding investment in partnership interests.
TAXATION OF BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS
If the trust is treated as a partnership for federal income tax
purposes, the trust will not be subject to federal income tax. Instead, each
beneficial owner of a partnership interest will be required to separately take
into account its allocable share of income, gains, losses, deductions, credits
and other tax items of the trust. These partnership allocations are made in
accordance with the code, Treasury regulations and the partnership agreement.
The trust's assets will be the assets of the partnership. The trust's
income will consist primarily of interest and finance charges earned on the
underlying loans. The trust's deductions will consist primarily of interest
accruing on any indebtedness issued by the trust, servicing and other fees, and
losses or deductions upon collection or disposition of the trust's assets.
In some instances, the trust could have an obligation to make payments
of withholding tax on behalf of a beneficial owner of a partnership interest.
See " -- Backup Withholding" and " -- Foreign Investors" below.
Substantially all of the taxable income allocated to a beneficial owner
of a partnership interest that is a pension, profit sharing or employee benefit
plan or other tax-exempt entity, including an individual retirement account,
will constitute unrelated business taxable income generally taxable to a holder
under the code.
Under Section 708 of the code, the trust will be deemed to terminate
for federal income tax purposes if 50% or more of the capital and profits
interests in the trust are sold or exchanged within a 12-month period. Under
Treasury regulations issued on May 9, 1997 if this termination occurs, the trust
is deemed to contribute all of its assets and liabilities to a newly formed
partnership in exchange for a partnership interest. Immediately thereafter, the
terminated partnership distributes interests in the new partnership to the
purchasing partner and remaining partners in proportion to their interests in
liquidation of the terminated partnership.
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Sale or Exchange of Partnership Interests
In most cases, capital gain or loss will be recognized on a sale or
exchange of partnership interests in an amount equal to the difference between
the amount realized and the seller's tax basis in the partnership interests
sold. A beneficial owner's tax basis in a partnership interest will generally
equal the beneficial owner's cost increased by the beneficial owner's share of
trust income and decreased by any distributions received on this partnership
interest. In addition, both the tax basis in the partnership interest and the
amount realized on a sale of a partnership interest would take into account the
beneficial owner's share of any indebtedness of the trust. A beneficial owner
acquiring partnership interests at different prices may be required to maintain
a single aggregate adjusted tax basis in the partnership interest, and upon sale
or other disposition of some of the partnership interests, allocate a portion of
the aggregate tax basis to the partnership interests sold, rather than
maintaining a separate tax basis in each partnership interest for purposes of
computing gain or loss on a sale of that partnership interest.
Any gain on the sale of a partnership interest attributable to the
beneficial owner's share of unrecognized accrued market discount on the assets
of the trust would generally be treated as ordinary income to the holder and
would give rise to special tax reporting requirements. If a beneficial owner of
a partnership interest is required to recognize an aggregate amount of income
over the life of the partnership interest that exceeds the aggregate cash
distributions with respect thereto, this excess will generally give rise to a
capital loss upon the retirement of the partnership interest. If a beneficial
owner sells its partnership interest at a profit or loss, the transferee will
have a higher or lower basis in the partnership interests than the transferor
had. The tax basis of the trust's assets will not be adjusted to reflect that
higher or lower basis unless the trust files an election under Section 754 of
the code.
Partnership Reporting
The trustee is required to (1) keep complete and accurate books of the
trust, (2) file IRS form 1065, a partnership information return, with the IRS
for each taxable year of the trust and (3) report each beneficial owner's
allocable share of items of trust income and expense to beneficial owners and
the IRS on Schedule K-1. The trust will provide the Schedule K-1 information to
nominees that fail to provide the trust with the information statement described
in the next paragraph and the nominees will be required to forward the
information to the beneficial owners of the partnership interests. Generally,
beneficial owners of a partnership interest must file tax returns that are
consistent with the information return filed by the trust or be subject to
penalties unless the beneficial owner of a partnership interest notifies the IRS
of all inconsistencies.
Under Section 6031 of the code, any person that holds partnership
interests as a nominee at any time during a calendar year is required to furnish
the trust with a statement containing information on the nominee, the beneficial
owners and the partnership interests so held. This information includes (1) the
name, address and taxpayer identification number of the nominee and (2) as to
each beneficial owner (x) the name, address and identification number of the
person, (y) whether the person is a United States person, a tax-exempt entity or
a foreign government, an international organization, or any wholly owned agency
or instrumentality of either of the foregoing, and (z) information on
partnership interests that were held, bought or
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sold on behalf of the person throughout the year. In addition, brokers and
financial institutions that hold partnership interests through a nominee are
required to furnish directly to the trust information as to themselves and their
ownership of partnership interests. A clearing agency registered under Section
17A of the Securities Exchange Act is not required to furnish any information
statement to the trust. Nominees, brokers and financial institutions that fail
to provide the trust with the information described above may be subject to
penalties.
The code provides for administrative examination of a partnership as if
the partnership were a separate and distinct taxpayer. Generally, the statute of
limitations for partnership items does not expire before three years after the
date the partnership information return is filed. Any adverse determination
following an audit of the return of the trust by the appropriate taxing
authorities could result in an adjustment of the returns of the beneficial owner
of a partnership interests, and, under some circumstances, a beneficial owner of
a partnership interest may be precluded from separately litigating a proposed
adjustment to the items of the trust. An adjustment could also result in an
audit of the beneficial owner of a partnership interest's returns and
adjustments of items not connected with the trust.
FASIT SECURITIES
If described in a prospectus supplement, an election will be made to
treat the trust as a FASIT within the meaning of Code Section 860L(a).
Qualification as a FASIT requires ongoing compliance with a number conditions.
If a FASIT election is made, [counsel], special tax counsel to the sponsor, will
deliver its opinion to the sponsor that, assuming compliance with the
agreements, the trust will be treated as a FASIT for federal income tax
purposes. The securities of each class will be designated as regular interests
or high-yield regular interests in the FASIT trust except that one separate
class will be designated as the ownership interest in the FASIT trust. The
prospectus supplement for each series of securities will state whether
securities of each class will be a regular interest, a high-yield regular
interest or an ownership interest.
Special Tax Attributes
FASIT securities held by a real estate investment trust will constitute
real estate assets within the meaning of code sections 856(c)(5)(A) and
856(c)(6) and interest on the FASIT regular securities will be considered
interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in
real property within the meaning of code section 856(c)(3)(B) in the same
proportion that, for both purposes, the assets of the FASIT trust and the income
on those assets would be so treated. FASIT regular securities held by a domestic
building and loan association will be treated as regular interest[s] in a FASIT
under code section 7701(a)(19)(C)(xi), but only in the proportion that the FASIT
trust holds loans . . . secured by an interest in real property which is . . .
residential real property within the meaning of code section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v).
If at all times 95% or more of the assets of the FASIT trust or the income
qualify for the foregoing treatments, the FASIT regular securities will qualify
for the corresponding status in their entirety. For purposes of code section
856(c)(5)(A), payments of principal and interest on a loan that are reinvested
pending distribution to holders of FASIT regular securities should qualify for
this treatment. FASIT regular securities held by a regulated investment company
will not constitute government securities within the meaning of Code
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Section 851(b)(4)(A)(i). FASIT regular securities held by some financial
institutions will constitute an evidence of indebtedness within the meaning of
code section 582(c)(1).
Taxation of Beneficial Owners of FASIT Regular Interests
A FASIT trust will not be subject to federal income tax except with
respect to income from prohibited transactions and in other instances. The FASIT
regular interests generally will be treated for federal income tax purposes as
newly-originated debt instruments. In general, interest, original issue discount
and market discount on a FASIT regular interest will be treated as ordinary
income to the beneficial owner, and principal payments, other than principal
payments that do not exceed accrued market discount, on an FASIT regular
interest will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the beneficial
owner's basis. Beneficial owners must use the accrual method of accounting on
their FASIT regular interests, regardless of the method of accounting otherwise
used by the beneficial owners. See " --Discount and Premium" below.
In order for the FASIT trust to qualify as a FASIT, there must be
ongoing compliance with the requirements set forth in the code. The FASIT must
fulfill an asset test, which requires that substantially all the assets of the
FASIT, after an initial three month period must consist of cash or cash
equivalents, debt instruments, other than debt instruments issued by the owner
of the FASIT or a related party, and hedges, and contracts to acquire the same,
foreclosure property and regular interests in another FASIT or in a REMIC. Based
on identical statutory language applicable to REMICs, it appears that the
substantially all requirement should be met if at all times the aggregate
adjusted basis of the nonqualified assets is less than one percent of the
aggregate adjusted basis of all the FASIT's assets. The FASIT provisions of the
code also require the FASIT ownership interest and some of the high-yield
regular interests to be held only by fully taxable domestic corporations.
In addition to the foregoing requirements, the various interests in a
FASIT also must meet a number of requirements. All of the interests in a FASIT
must be either one or more classes of regular interests or a single class of
ownership interest. A regular interest is an interest in a FASIT that is issued
on or after the startup day with fixed terms, is designated as a regular
interest, and:
(1) unconditionally entitles the holder to receive a specified
principal amount, or other similar amount,
(2) provides that interest payments, or other similar amounts,
if any, at or before maturity either are payable based on a fixed rate
or a qualified variable rate,
(3) has a stated maturity of not longer than 30 years,
(4) has an issue price not greater than 125% of its stated
principal amount, and
(5) has a yield to maturity not greater than five percentage
points higher than the applicable federal rate.
A regular interest that is described in the preceding sentence except
that if fails to meet one or more of requirements (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) is a
high-yield regular interest. A high-yield
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regular interest that fails requirement (2) must consist of a specified,
nonvarying portion of the interest payments on the permitted assets, by
reference to the REMIC rules. An ownership interest is an interest in a FASIT
other than a regular interest that is issued on the startup day, is designated
an ownership interest and is held by a single, fully-taxable, domestic
corporation. An interest in a FASIT may be treated as a regular interest even if
payments of principal on that interest are subordinated to payments on other
regular interests or the ownership interest in the FASIT, and are dependent on
the absence of defaults or delinquencies on permitted assets lower than
reasonably expected returns on permitted assets, unanticipated expenses incurred
by the FASIT or prepayment interest shortfalls.
If an entity fails to comply with one or more of the ongoing
requirements of the Code for status as a FASIT during any taxable year, the Code
provides that the entity or applicable potion thereof will not be treated as a
FASIT thereafter. In this event, any entity that holds mortgage loans and is the
obligor on debt obligations with two or more maturities, may be treated as a
separate association taxable as a corporation, and the FASIT regular securities
may be treated as equity interests. The legislative history to the FASIT
provisions indicates, however, that an entity can continue to be a FASIT if loss
of its status was inadvertent, it takes prompt steps to requalify and other
requirements mandated Treasury regulations are met. Loss of FASIT status results
in retirement of all regular interests and their reissuance. If the resulting
instruments would be treated as equity under general tax principles,
cancellation of debt income may result.
DISCOUNT AND PREMIUM
A security purchased for an amount other than its outstanding principal
amount will be subject to the rules governing original issue discount, market
discount or premium. In addition, all grantor trust strip securities and grantor
trust fractional interest securities will be treated as having original issue
discount by virtue of the coupon stripping rules in section 1286 of the code. In
very general terms, (1) original issue discount is treated as a form of interest
and must be included in a beneficial owner's income as it accrues using a
constant yield method; (2) market discount is treated as ordinary income and
must be included in a beneficial owner's income as principal payments are made
on the security or upon a sale of a security; and (3) if a beneficial owner
elects, premium may be amortized over the life of the security and offset
against inclusions of interest income. These tax consequences are discussed in
greater detail below.
Original Issue Discount
In general, a security will be considered to be issued with original
issue discount equal to the excess, if any, of its stated redemption price at
maturity over its issue price The issue price of a security is the initial
offering price to the public, excluding bond houses and brokers, at which a
substantial number of the securities was sold. The issue price also includes any
accrued interest attributable to the period between the beginning of the first
remittance period and the settlement date. The stated redemption price at
maturity of a security that has a notional principal amount or receives
principal only or that is or may be an accrual security is equal to the sum of
all distributions to be made under the security. The stated redemption price at
maturity of any other security is its stated principal amount, plus an amount
equal to the excess, if any, of the interest payable on the first payment date
over the interest that accrues for the period from
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the settlement date to the first payment date. The trustee will supply, required
information the original issue discount accruing on the securities.
Original issue discount will be treated as zero if the discount is less
than 0.25% of the stated redemption price at maturity multiplied by its weighted
average life. The weighted average life of a security is apparently computed for
this purpose as the sum, for all distributions included in the stated redemption
price at maturity of the amounts determined by multiplying (1) the number of
complete years, rounding down for partial years, from the settlement date until
the date each distribution is expected to be made under the assumption that the
mortgage loans prepay at the rate specified in the prospectus supplement by (2)
a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of the distribution and the
denominator of which is the security's stated redemption price at maturity. If
original issue discount is treated as zero under this rule, the actual amount of
original issue discount must be allocated to the principal distributions on the
security and, when each the distribution is received, gain equal to the discount
allocated to the distribution will be recognized.
Section 1272(a)(6) of the code contains special original issue discount
rules directly applicable to REMIC securities and debt securities. The Taxpayer
Relief Act of 1997 extends application of section 1272(a)(6) to the grantor
trust securities for tax years beginning after August 5, 1997. Under these
rules, described in greater detail below, (1) the amount and rate of accrual of
original issue discount on each series of securities will be based on the
prepayment assumption, and in the case of a security having a variable rate of
interest, an assumption that the value of the index upon which the variable rate
is based remains equal to the value of that rate on the settlement date, and (2)
adjustments will be made in the amount of discount accruing in each taxable year
in which the actual prepayment rate differs from the prepayment assumption.
Section 1272(a)(6)(B)(iii) of the code requires that the prepayment
assumption used to calculate original issue discount be determined in the manner
prescribed in Treasury regulations. To date, no regulations have been
promulgated. The legislative history of this code provision indicates that the
assumed prepayment rate must be the rate used by the parties in pricing the
particular transaction. The sponsor anticipates that the prepayment assumption
for each series of securities will be consistent with this standard. The sponsor
makes no representation, however, that the mortgage loans for a given series
will prepay at the rate reflected in the prepayment assumption for that series
or at any other rate. We suggest that each investor make its own decision as to
the appropriate prepayment assumption to be used in deciding whether or not to
purchase any of the securities.
Each securityholder must include in gross income the sum of the daily
portions of original issue discount on its security for each day during its
taxable year it held the security. For this purpose, in the case of an original
beneficial owner, the daily portions of original issue discount will be
determined as follows. A calculation will first be made of the portion of the
original issue discount that accrued during each accrual period. The trustee
will supply, at the time and in the manner required by the IRS, to
securityholders, brokers and middlemen information with respect to the original
issue discount accruing on the securities. The trustee will report original
issue discount based on accrual periods of one month, each beginning on a
payment date, or, in the case of the first period, the settlement date, and
ending on the day before the next payment date.
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Under section 1272(a)(6) of the code, the portion of original issue
discount treated as accruing for any accrual period will equal the excess, if
any, of (1) the sum of the present values of all the distributions remaining to
be made on the security, if any, as of the end of the accrual period and the
distribution made on the security during the accrual period of amounts included
in the stated redemption price at maturity, over (2) the adjusted issue price of
the security at the beginning of the accrual period. The present value of the
remaining distributions referred to in the preceding sentence will be calculated
based on:
(1) the yield to maturity of the security, calculated as of
the settlement date, giving effect to the prepayment assumption,
(2) events, including actual prepayments, that have occurred
prior to the end of the accrual period,
(3) the prepayment assumption, and
(4) in the case of a security calling for a variable rate of
interest, an assumption that the value of the index upon which the
variable rate is based remains the same as its value on the settlement
date over the entire life of the security.
The adjusted issue price of a security at any time will equal the issue
price of the security, increased by the aggregate amount of previously accrued
original issue discount on the security, and reduced by the amount of any
distributions made on the security as of that time of amounts included in the
stated redemption price at maturity. The original issue discount accruing during
any accrual period will then be allocated ratably to each day during the period
to determine the daily portion of original issue discount.
In the case of grantor trust strip securities and some REMIC
securities, the calculation described in the preceding paragraph may produce a
negative amount of original issue discount for one or more accrual periods. No
definitive guidance has been issued regarding the treatment of the negative
amounts. The legislative history to section 1272(a)(6) indicates that the
negative amounts may be used to offset subsequent positive accruals but may not
offset prior accruals and may not be allowed as a deduction item in a taxable
year in which negative accruals exceed positive accruals. beneficial owners of
the securities may wish to consult their own tax advisors concerning the
treatment of the negative accruals.
A subsequent purchaser of a security that purchases the security at a
cost less than its remaining stated redemption price at maturity also will be
required to include in gross income for each day it holds the security, the
daily portion of original issue discount on the security, but reduced, if the
cost of the security to the purchaser exceeds its adjusted issue price, by an
amount equal to the product of the daily portion and a constant fraction, the
numerator of which is the excess and the denominator of which is the sum of the
daily portions of original issue discount on the security for all days on or
after the day of purchase.
Market Discount
A beneficial owner that purchases a security at a market discount, that
is, at a purchase price less than the remaining stated redemption price at
maturity of the security, or, in the case of
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a security with original issue discount, its adjusted issue price, will be
required to allocate each principal distribution first to accrued market
discount on the security, and recognize ordinary income to the extent the
distribution does not exceed the aggregate amount of accrued market discount on
the security not previously included in income. If securities have unaccrued
original issue discount, the market discount must be included in income in
addition to any original issue discount. A beneficial owner that incurs or
continues indebtedness to acquire a security at a market discount may also be
required to defer the deduction of all or a portion of the interest on the
indebtedness until the corresponding amount of market discount is included in
income. In general terms, market discount on a security may be treated as
accruing either (1) under a constant yield method or (2) in proportion to
remaining accruals of original issue discount, if any, or if none, in proportion
to remaining distributions of interest on the security, in any case taking into
account the prepayment assumption. The trustee will make available, as required
by the IRS, to beneficial owners of securities information necessary to compute
the accrual of market discount.
Market discount on a security will be considered to be zero if the
discount is less than 0.25% of the remaining stated redemption price at maturity
of the security multiplied by its weighted average remaining life. Weighted
average remaining life presumably would be calculated in a manner similar to
weighted average life, taking into account payments, including prepayments,
prior to the date of acquisition of the security by the subsequent purchaser. If
market discount on a security is treated as zero under this rule, the actual
amount of market discount must be allocated to the remaining principal
distributions on the security and, when each distribution is received, gain
equal to the discount allocated to the distribution will be recognized.
Securities Purchased at a Premium
A purchaser of a security that purchases the security at a cost greater
than its remaining stated redemption price at maturity will be considered to
have purchased the security at a premium. A purchaser need not include in income
any remaining original issue discount and may elect, under section 171(c)(2) of
the code, to treat the premium as amortizable bond premium. If a beneficial
owner makes this election, the amount of any interest payment that must be
included in the beneficial owner's income for each period ending on a payment
date will be reduced by the portion of the premium allocable to the period based
on the security's yield to maturity. The legislative history of the Tax Reform
Act of 1986 states that the premium amortization should be made under principles
analogous to those governing the accrual of market discount. If the election is
made by the beneficial owner, the election will also apply to all fully taxable
bonds, the interest on which is not excludible from gross income, held by the
beneficial owner at the beginning of the first taxable year to which the
election applies and to all the fully taxable bonds thereafter acquired by it,
and is irrevocable without the consent of the IRS. If this election is not made,
a beneficial owner must include the full amount of each interest payment in
income as it accrues, and the premium must be allocated to the principal
distributions on the security and, when each distribution is received, a loss
equal to the premium allocated to the distribution will be recognized. Any tax
benefit from the premium not previously recognized will be taken into account in
computing gain or loss upon the sale or disposition of the security.
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Some securities may provide for only nominal distributions of principal
in comparison to the distributions of interest. It is possible that the IRS or
the Treasury Department may issue guidance excluding the securities from the
rules generally applicable to debt instruments issued at a premium. In
particular, it is possible that this security will be treated as having original
issue discount equal to the excess of the total payments to be received thereon
over its issue price. In this case, section 1272(a)(6) of the code would govern
the accrual of original issue discount, but a beneficial owner would recognize
substantially the same income in any given period as would be recognized if an
election were made under section 171(c)(2) of the code. Unless and until the
Treasury Department or the IRS publishes specific guidance relating to the tax
treatment of the securities, the trustee intends to furnish tax information to
beneficial owners of the securities in accordance with the rules described in
the preceding paragraph.
Special Election
For any security acquired on or after April 4, 1994, a beneficial owner
may elect to include in gross income all interest that accrues on the security
by using a constant yield method. For purposes of the election, the term
interest includes stated interest, acquisition discount, original issue
discount, de minimis original issue discount, market discount, de minimis market
discount and unstated interest as adjusted by any amortizable bond premium or
acquisition premium. A beneficial owner may wish to consult its own tax advisor
regarding the time and manner of making and the scope of the election and the
implementation of the constant yield method.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING
Distributions of interest and principal, as well as distributions of
proceeds from the sale of securities, may be subject to the backup withholding
tax under section 3406 of the code at a rate of 31% if recipients of the
distributions fail to furnish to the payor required information, including their
taxpayer identification numbers, or otherwise fail to establish an exemption
from the tax. Any amounts deducted and withheld from a distribution to a
recipient would be allowed as a credit against the recipient's federal income
tax. Furthermore, penalties may be imposed by the IRS on a recipient of
distributions that is required to supply information but that does not do so in
the proper manner.
The IRS recently issued final withholding regulations, which change a
number of the rules relating to the presumptions currently available relating to
information reporting and backup withholding. The withholding regulations would
provide alternative methods of satisfying the beneficial ownership certification
requirement. The withholding regulations are effective January 1, 2001, although
valid withholding certificates that are held on December 31, 2000 remain valid
until the earlier of December 31, 2001 or the date of expiration of the
certificate under the rules as currently in effect.
FOREIGN INVESTORS
The withholding regulations would require, in the case of securities
held by a foreign partnership, that the certification described above be
provided by the partners rather than by the foreign partnership and the
partnership provide required information, including a United States
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taxpayer identification number. A look-through rule would apply in the case of
tiered partnerships. Non-U.S. persons may wish to consult their own tax advisors
regarding the application to them of the withholding regulations.
Grantor Trust Securities and REMIC Regular Interests
Distributions made on a grantor trust security or a REMIC regular
interest to, or on behalf of, a beneficial owner that is not a U.S. person
generally will be exempt from U.S. federal income and withholding taxes. A U.S.
person means a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation,
partnership or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the
United States or any political subdivision thereof, an estate that is subject to
U.S. federal income tax regardless of the source of its income, or a trust if a
court within the United States can exercise primary supervision over its
administration and at least one United States fiduciary has the authority to
control all substantial decisions of the trust. This exemption is applicable if
- - the beneficial owner is not subject to U.S. tax as a result of a connection
to the United States other than ownership of the security,
- - the beneficial owner signs a statement under penalties of perjury that
certifies that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, and provides the
name and address of the beneficial owner, and
- - the last U.S. person in the chain of payment to the beneficial owner
receives the statement from the beneficial owner or a financial institution
holding on its behalf and does not have actual knowledge that the statement
is false.
The IRS might take the position that this exemption does not apply to a
beneficial owner that also owns 10% or more of the REMIC residual interests of
any REMIC trust, or to a beneficial owner that is a controlled foreign
corporation described in section 881(c)(3)(C) of the code.
REMIC Residual Securities
Amounts distributed to a beneficial owner of a REMIC residual interest
that is a not a U.S. person generally will be treated as interest for purposes
of applying the 30%, or lower treaty rate, withholding tax on income that is not
effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. Temporary Treasury
Regulations clarify that amounts not constituting excess inclusions that are
distributed on a REMIC residual interest to a beneficial owner that is not a
U.S. person generally will be exempt from U.S. federal income and withholding
tax, subject to the same conditions applicable to distributions on grantor trust
securities and REMIC regular interests, as described above, but only to the
extent that the mortgage loans underlying the REMIC trust that issued the REMIC
residual interest were issued after July 18, 1984. REMIC income that constitutes
an excess inclusion is not entitled to any exemption from the withholding tax or
a reduced treaty rate for withholding. See " -- REMIC Securities -- Taxation of
beneficial owners of REMIC Residual Securities -- Excess Inclusions."
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Partnership Interests
A trust may be considered to be engaged in a trade or business in the
United States for purposes of non-U.S. persons subject to federal withholding
taxes. If the trust is considered to be engaged in a trade or business in the
United States for these purposes and the trust is treated as a partnership, the
income of the trust distributable to a non-U.S. person would be subject to
federal withholding tax. Also, in these cases, a non-U.S. beneficial owner of a
partnership interest that is a corporation may be subject to the branch profits
tax. If the trust is notified that a beneficial owner of a partnership interest
is a foreign person, the trust may withhold as if it were engaged in a trade or
business in the United States in order to protect the trust from possible
adverse consequences of a failure to withhold. A foreign holder generally would
be entitled to file with the IRS a claim for refund for withheld taxes, taking
the position that no taxes were due because the trust was not in a U.S. trade or
business.
FASIT Regular Interests
High-yield FASIT regular interests may not be sold to or beneficially
owned by non-U.S. persons. Any purported transfer will be null and void and,
upon the trustee's discovery of any purported transfer in violation of this
requirement, the last preceding owner of the high-yield FASIT regular interests
will be restored to ownership. The last preceding owner will, in any event, be
taxable on all income on the high-yield FASIT regular securities for federal
income tax purposes. The agreements will provide that, as a condition to
transfer of a high-yield FASIT regular security, the proposed transferee must
furnish an affidavit as to its status as a U.S. person and otherwise as a
permitted transferee.
STATE TAX CONSIDERATIONS
In addition to the federal income tax consequences, we suggest that
potential investors consider the state and local income tax consequences of the
acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the securities. State and local
income tax law may differ substantially from the corresponding federal law, and
this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the income tax laws
of any state or locality. Therefore, potential investors may wish to consult
their own tax advisors the various state and local tax consequences of an
investment in the securities.
The federal income tax discussions are included for general information
only and may not be applicable depending upon an investor's particular tax
situation. Prospective purchasers may wish to consult their tax advisers the tax
consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the
securities, including the tax consequences under state, local, foreign and other
tax laws and the possible effects of changes in federal or other tax laws.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, commonly referred
to as ERISA and the code prohibit a pension, profit sharing or other employee
benefit plan and some individual retirement arrangements from engaging in a
number of transactions involving plan
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assets with persons that are parties in interest or disqualified persons with
respect to the plan, unless a statutory or administrative exemption applies to
the transaction. ERISA and the code also prohibit some actions involving
conflicts of interest by persons who are fiduciaries of plans or arrangements. A
violation of these rules may generate excise tax and other liabilities under
ERISA and the code for these persons. In addition, investments by plans are
subject to ERISA's general fiduciary requirements, including the requirement of
investment prudence and diversification and the requirement that a plan's
investments be made in accordance with the documents governing the plan.
Employee benefit plans that are governmental plans and church plans are not
subject to ERISA or these sections of the code. Accordingly, assets of those
plans may be invested in securities without regard to the ERISA considerations,
subject to the provisions of other applicable federal, state and local law. Any
of these types of plans which are qualified and exempt from taxation under
section 401(a) and 501(a) of the code, however, are subject to the prohibited
transaction rules set forth in Section 503 of the code.
Some of the transactions involving a trust might constitute prohibited
transactions under ERISA and the code for a plan, including an individual
retirement arrangement, that purchased securities if the assets of the trust
were deemed to be assets of the plan. Under a regulation issued by the United
States Department of Labor, the assets of the trust would be treated as assets
of a plan for the purposes of ERISA and the code only if the plan acquired an
equity interest in the trust and none of the exceptions contained in the
regulation were applicable. An equity interest is defined under the regulation
as an interest other than an instrument which is treated as indebtedness under
applicable local law and which has no substantial equity features. In addition,
the United States Supreme Court has ruled that assets held in an insurance
company's general account may be deemed to be plan assets for ERISA purposes
under certain circumstances. Therefore, in the absence of an exemption, the
purchase, sale or holding of a security by a plan, including some individual
retirement arrangements, subject to ERISA or the code might result in prohibited
transactions and the imposition of excise taxes and civil penalties.
CERTIFICATES
The Department of Labor has issued to various underwriters individual
prohibited transaction exemptions, which generally exempt from the application
of the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406(a), Section 406(b)(1),
Section 406(b)(2) and Section 407(a) of ERISA and the excise taxes imposed
pursuant to Sections 4975(a) and (b) of the code, a number of transactions
concerning the initial purchase, the holding and the subsequent resale by plans
of asset-backed securities meet the conditions and requirements of these
underwriter exemptions. These underwriter exemptions will only be available for
securities that are certificates.
Among the conditions that must be satisfied in order for these
underwriter exemptions to apply to offered certificates are the following:
- - the acquisition of the certificates by a plan is on terms, including the
price for the certificates, that are at least as favorable to the plan as
they would be in an arm's-length transaction with an unrelated party;
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- - the rights and interests evidenced by the certificates acquired by the plan
are not subordinated to the rights and interests evidenced by other
certificates of the trust;
- - the certificates acquired by the plan have received a rating at the time of
the acquisition that is one of the three highest generic rating categories
from Standard & Poor's, Moody's Investors Service, Duff & Phelps Credit
Rating Co. or Fitch IBCA, Inc.;
- - the trustee is not an affiliate of any other member of the restricted group
defined below;
- - the sum of all payments made to and retained by the underwriters in
connection with the distribution of the certificates represents not more
than reasonable compensation for underwriting the certificates; the sum of
all payments made to and retained by the originators and the sponsor
pursuant to the assignment of the obligations to the trust estate
represents not more than the fair market value of these obligations; the
sum of all payments made to and retained by any servicer represents not
more than reasonable compensation for the person's services under the
agreements and reimbursement of the person's reasonable expenses in
connection therewith;
- - the plan investing in the certificates is an accredited investor as defined
in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D of the Commission under the Securities
Act; and
- - if all of the obligations used to fund the trust have not been transferred
to the trust on the closing date, additional obligations of the types
specified in the prospectus supplement or the agreements having an
aggregate value equal to no more than 25% of the total principal amount of
the certificates being offered by the trust may be transferred to the
trust, in exchange for amounts credited to the account funding the
additional obligations, within a funding period of no longer than 90 days
or 3 months following the closing date.
The trust must also meet the following requirements:
- - the corpus of the trust estate must consist solely of assets of the type
that have been included in other investment pools;
- - certificates in the other investment pools must have been rated in one of
the three highest rating categories of a rating agency for at least one
year prior to the plan's acquisition of certificates; and
- - certificates evidencing interests in the other investment pools must have
been purchased by investors other than plans for at least one year prior to
the plan's acquisition of certificates.
Moreover, these underwriter exemptions provide relief from some of the
self-dealing/conflict of interest prohibited transactions that may occur when
the plan fiduciary causes a plan to acquire certificates in a trust in which the
fiduciary, or its affiliate, is an obligor on the receivables held in the trust;
if, among other requirements:
- - in the case of an acquisition in connection with the initial issuance of
certificates, at least fifty percent of each class of certificates in which
plans have invested is acquired by persons
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independent of the restricted group and at least fifty percent of the
aggregate interest in the trust is acquired by persons independent of the
restricted group;
- - the fiduciary, or its affiliate, is an obligor under five percent or less
of the fair market value of the obligations contained in the trust;
- - the plan's investment in certificates of any class does not exceed
twenty-five percent of all of the certificates of that class outstanding at
the time of the acquisition;
- - immediately after the acquisition, no more than twenty-five percent of the
assets of the plan for which the person is a fiduciary are invested in
certificates representing an interest in one or more trusts containing
assets sold or serviced by the same entity.
These underwriter exemptions do not apply to plans sponsored by the
restricted group, which means the sponsor, the underwriters, the trustee, the
master servicer, any other servicer, any credit enhancement provider, any
obligor under mortgage loans included in the trust constituting more than five
percent of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the assets in the
trust, or any affiliate of these parties.
In addition to these underwriter exemptions, the Department of Labor
has issued an exemption for some transactions involving the sale or exchange of
residential mortgage pool pass-through certificates by plans and for
transactions in connection with the servicing and operation of the mortgage
pool.
NOTES
The underwriter exemptions will not be available for securities which
are notes. However, under the plan assets regulation, if the notes are treated
as indebtedness without substantial equity features, the trust's assets would
not be deemed assets of a plan. If the notes are treated as having substantial
equity features, the purchase, holding and resale of the notes could result in a
transaction that is prohibited under ERISA or the code. Even if the notes were
treated as debt for purposes of the plan assets regulation, the acquisition or
holding of the notes by or on behalf of a plan could give rise to a prohibited
transaction if the acquisition or holding were deemed to be a loan to a party in
interest of the plan. Exemptions from the prohibited transaction rules could be
applicable to the purchase and holding of notes by a plan, depending on the type
and circumstances of the plan fiduciary making the decision to acquire the
notes. Included among these exemptions are:
- - PTCE 84-14, regarding transactions effected by qualified professional asset
managers;
- - PTCE 90-1, regarding transactions entered into by insurance company pooled
separate accounts;
- - PTCE 91-38, regarding transactions entered into by bank collective
investment funds; PTCE 95-60,
- - regarding transactions entered into by insurance company general accounts;
and
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- - PTCE 96-23, regarding transactions effected by in-house asset managers.
Each purchaser and each transferee of a note that is treated as debt for
purposes of the plan assets regulation may be required to represent and
warrant that its purchase and holding of the note will be covered by one of
these exemptions or by another Department of Labor exemption.
CONSULTATION WITH COUNSEL
The prospectus supplement for each series of securities will provide
further information which plans may wish to consider before purchasing the
securities. A plan fiduciary considering the purchase of securities may wish to
consult its tax and legal advisors regarding whether the assets of the trust
would be considered plan assets, the possibility of exemptive relief from the
prohibited transaction rules and other ERISA issues and their potential
consequences. Moreover, we suggest that each plan fiduciary determine for itself
whether under the general fiduciary standards of investment prudence and
diversification, an investment in the securities is appropriate for the plan,
taking into account the overall investment policy of the plan and the
composition of the plan's investment portfolio.
REPORTS
Each trust will be required to file reports with the Commission under
the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act. The sponsor intends to cause
each trust to suspend filing the reports if and when the reports are no longer
required under the Securities Exchange Act.
In connection with each distribution made to the holders of a series,
the trustee will furnish the securityholders with statements which will describe
the amount of the distribution, its allocation to principal and to interest, and
information regarding the performance of the mortgage loans. The master servicer
will furnish the trustee periodic compliance statements and, an annual statement
from a firm of independent public accountants concerning the accountants' the
examination of documents and records relating to the servicing of the mortgage
loans in the trust. Copies of the monthly and annual statements will be sent to
securityholders if requested and addressed to Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc.,
10790 Rancho Bernardo Road, San Diego, California 92127, (858)676-3099.
INVESTMENT MATTERS
The prospectus supplement will state whether a series of Securities
will constitute mortgage related securities for purposes of the Secondary
Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, commonly referred to as SMMEA.
Investors whose investment authority is subject to legal restrictions may wish
to consult with their own legal advisors to determine whether and to what extent
the securities constitute legal investments for them.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
Substantially all of the net proceeds to be received from the sale of
securities will be used by the sponsor to finance the purchase of mortgage
loans, or to repay short-term financings utilized to fund the purchase of the
mortgage loans general corporate purposes. The sponsor expects that it will sell
securities similar to these securities from time to time. The timing and amount
of any additional sales will be dependent upon a number of factors, including
the volume of mortgage loans originated and purchased by the sponsor, prevailing
interest rates, availability of funds and general market conditions.
METHODS OF DISTRIBUTION
The prospectus supplement relating to each series of securities will
set forth the specific terms of the offering of the series of securities, the
names of the underwriters, the proceeds to the sponsor or its affiliates from
the sale and, if applicable, the initial public offering prices, the discounts
and commissions to the underwriters and any discounts and concessions allowed or
reallowed to dealers.
LEGAL MATTERS
Legal matters in connection with the securities will be passed upon for
the sponsor by Dewey Ballantine LLP, New York, New York, by the general counsel
of the sponsor or other counsel identified in the prospectus supplement.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The sponsor has determined that its financial statements are not
material to this offering. Any prospective investor who desires to review
financial information of the sponsor may request a copy of the Sponsor's most
recent financial statements from the sponsor.
A new trust will be formed to own the trust property for that trust,
and to issue each series of securities. Each trust will have no assets or
obligations prior to the issuance of the securities and will not engage in any
activities other than those described in this prospectus and in the prospectus
supplement. Accordingly, no financial statements of a trust will be included in
this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement, unless the trust is a business
trust.
A prospectus supplement and a Current Report on Form 8-K, which will be
incorporated by reference to the registration statement, will contain any
required financial statements of the credit enhancement provider.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This prospectus, together with the prospectus supplement for each
series of securities, contains a summary of the material terms of the applicable
exhibits to the registration statement
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and the agreements under which the securities will be issued. Copies of the
exhibits are on file at the offices of the Securities and Exchange Commission in
Washington, D.C., and may be obtained at rates prescribed by the Commission upon
request to the Commission or may be inspected, without charge, at the
Commission's offices.
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ANNEX I
CLEARANCE, SETTLEMENT AND TAX DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES
Except in limited circumstances, the securities will be available only
in book-entry form. Investors in the securities may hold the securities through
any of DTC, Cedelbank or Euroclear. The securities will be tradeable as home
market instruments in both the European and U.S. domestic markets. Initial
settlement and all secondary trades will settle in same-day funds.
Secondary market trading between investors through Cedelbank and
Euroclear will be conducted in the ordinary way in accordance with the normal
rules and operating procedures of Cedelbank and Euroclear and in accordance with
conventional eurobond practice, which is seven calendar day settlement.
Secondary market trading between investors through DTC will be
conducted according to DTC's rules and procedures applicable to U.S. corporate
debt obligations.
Secondary cross-market trading between Cedelbank or Euroclear and DTC
participants holding securities will be effected on a delivery-against-payment
basis through the respective Depositaries of Cedelbank and Euroclear and as DTC
participants.
Non-U.S. holders of global securities will be subject to U.S.
withholding taxes unless the holders meet a number of requirements and deliver
appropriate U.S. tax documents to the securities clearing organizations or their
participants.
INITIAL SETTLEMENT
All securities will be held in book-entry form by DTC in the name of
Cede & Co. as nominee of DTC. Investors' interests in the securities will be
represented through financial institutions acting on their behalf as direct and
indirect participants in DTC. As a result, Cedelbank and Euroclear will hold
positions on behalf of their participants through their relevant depository
which in turn will hold these positions in their accounts as DTC participants.
Investors electing to hold their securities through DTC will follow DTC
settlement practices. Investor securities custody accounts will be credited with
their holdings against payment in same-day funds on the settlement date.
Investors electing to hold their securities through Cedelbank or
Euroclear accounts will follow the settlement procedures applicable to
conventional eurobonds, except that there will be no temporary security and no
lock-up or restricted period. Securities will be credited to the securities
custody accounts on the settlement date against payment in same-day funds.
SECONDARY MARKET TRADING
Since the purchaser determines the place of delivery, it is important
to establish at the time of the trade where both the purchaser's and seller's
accounts are located to ensure that settlement can be made on the desired value
date.
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Trading between DTC Participants. Secondary market trading between DTC
participants will be settled using the procedures applicable to asset-back
securities issues in same-day funds.
Trading between Cedelbank or Euroclear Participants. Secondary market
trading between Cedelbank participants or Euroclear participants will be settled
using the procedures applicable to conventional eurobonds in same-day funds.
Trading between DTC, Seller and Cedelbank or Euroclear Participants.
When securities are to be transferred from the account of a DTC participant to
the account of a Cedelbank participant or a Euroclear participant, the purchaser
will send instructions to Cedelbank or Euroclear through a Cedelbank participant
or Euroclear participant at least one business day prior to settlement.
Cedelbank or Euroclear will instruct the relevant depository, as the case may
be, to receive the securities against payment. Payment will include interest
accrued on the securities from and including the last coupon payment date to and
excluding the settlement date, on the basis of the actual number of days in the
accrual period and a year assumed to consist of 360 days. For transactions
settling on the 31st of the month, payment will include interest accrued to and
excluding the first day of the following month. Payment will then be made by the
relevant depository to the DTC participant's account against delivery of the
securities. After settlement has been completed, the securities will be credited
to the respective clearing system and by the clearing system, in accordance with
its usual procedures, to the Cedelbank participant's or Euroclear participant's
account. The securities credit will appear the next day, European time and the
cash debt will be back-valued to, and the interest on the global securities will
accrue from, the value date, which would be the preceding day when settlement
occurred in New York. If settlement is not completed on the intended value date
and the trade fails, the Cedelbank or Euroclear cash debt will be valued instead
as of the actual settlement date.
Cedelbank participants and Euroclear participants will need to make
available to the respective clearing systems the funds necessary to process
same-day funds settlement. The most direct means of doing so is to preposition
funds for settlement, either from cash on hand or existing lines of credit, as
they would for any settlement occurring within Cedelbank or Euroclear. Under
this approach, they may take on credit exposure to Cedelbank or Euroclear until
the securities are credited to their account one day later.
As an alternative, if Cedelbank or Euroclear has extended a line of
credit to them, Cedelbank participants or Euroclear participants can elect not
to preposition funds and allow that credit line to be drawn upon to finance
settlement. Under this procedure, Cedelbank participants or Euroclear
participants purchasing securities would incur overdraft charges for one day,
assuming they cleared the overdraft when the securities were credited to their
accounts. However, interest on the securities would accrue from the value date.
Therefore, in many cases the investment income on the global securities earned
during that one-day period may substantially reduce or offset the amount of the
overdraft charges, although the result will depend on each Cedelbank
participant's or Euroclear participant's particular cost of funds.
Since the settlement is taking place during New York business hours,
DTC participants can employ their usual procedures for crediting global
securities to the respective European depository for the benefit of Cedelbank
participants or Euroclear participants. The sale proceeds
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will be available to the DTC seller on the settlement date. Thus, to the DTC
participants a cross-market transaction will settle no differently than a trade
between two DTC participants.
Trading between Cedelbank or Euroclear Seller and DTC Purchaser. Due to
time zone differences in their favor, Cedelbank participants and Euroclear
participants may employ their customary procedures for transactions in which
securities are to be transferred by the respective clearing system, through the
respective depository, to a DTC participant. The seller will send instructions
to Cedelbank or Euroclear through a Cedelbank participant or Euroclear
participant at least one business day prior to settlement. In these cases
Cedelbank or Euroclear will instruct the respective depository, as appropriate,
to credit the securities to the DTC participant's account against payment.
Payment will include interest accrued on the securities from and including the
last interest payment to and excluding the settlement date on the basis of the
actual number of days in the accrual period and a year assumed to consist of 360
days. For transactions settling on the 31st of the month, payment will include
interest accrued to and excluding the first day of the following month. The
payment will then be reflected in the account of Cedelbank participant or
Euroclear participant the following day, and receipt of the cash proceeds in the
Cedelbank participant's or Euroclear participant's account would be back-valued
to the value date, which would be the preceding day, when settlement occurred in
New York. In the event that the Cedelbank participant or Euroclear participant
has a line of credit with its respective clearing system and elects to be in
debt in anticipation of receipt of the sale proceeds in its account, the
back-valuation will extinguish any overdraft incurred over that one-day period.
If settlement is not completed on the intended value date and the trade fails,
receipt of the cash proceeds in the Cedelbank participant's or Euroclear
participant's account would instead be valued as of the actual settlement date.
Finally, day traders that use Cedelbank or Euroclear and that purchase
global securities from DTC participants for delivery to Cedelbank participants
or Euroclear participants may wish to note that these trades would automatically
fail on the sale side unless affirmative action is taken. At least three
techniques should be readily available to eliminate this potential problem:
- - borrowing through Cedelbank or Euroclear for one day, until the purchase
side of the trade is reflected in their Cedelbank or Euroclear accounts in
accordance with the clearing system's customary procedures;
- - borrowing the securities in the U.S. from a DTC participant no later than
one day prior to settlement, which would give the securities sufficient
time to be reflected in their Cedelbank or Euroclear account in order to
settle the sale side of the trade; or
- - staggering the value dates for the buy and sell sides of the trade so that
the value date for the purchase from the DTC participant is at least one
day prior to the value date for the sale to the Cedelbank participant or
Euroclear participant.
CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
A beneficial owner of securities holding securities through Cedelbank
or Euroclear, or through DTC if the holder has an address outside the U.S., will
be subject to the 30% U.S.
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withholding tax that generally applies to payments of interest, including
original issue discount, on registered debt issued by U.S. persons, unless:
(1) each clearing system, bank or other financial institution
that holds customers' securities in the ordinary course of its trade or
business in the chain of intermediaries between the beneficial owner
and the U.S. entity required to withhold tax complies with applicable
certification requirements and
(2) the beneficial owner takes one of the following steps to
obtain an exemption or reduced tax rate:
- - Exemption for Non-U.S. Persons - Form W-8. Beneficial owners of global
securities that are non-U.S. persons can obtain a complete exemption from
the withholding tax by filing a signed Form W-8 Certificate of Foreign
Status. If the information shown on Form W-8 changes, a new Form W-8 must
be filed within 30 days of the change.
- - Exemption for Non-U.S. Persons with effectively connected income - Form
4224. A non-U.S. person as defined below, including a non-U.S. corporation
or bank with a U.S. branch, for which the interest income is effectively
connected with its conduct of a trade or business in the United States, can
obtain an exemption from the withholding tax by filing Form 4224 Exemption
from Withholding of Tax on Income Effectively Connected with the Conduct of
a Trade or Business in the United States.
- - Exemption or reduced rate for non-U.S. Persons resident in treaty countries
- Form 1001. Non-U.S. persons residing in a country that has a tax treaty
with the United States can obtain an exemption or reduced tax rate,
depending on the treaty terms, by filing Form 1001, "Ownership, Exemption
or Reduced Rate Certificate". If the treaty provides only for a reduced
rate, withholding tax will be imposed at that rate unless the filer
alternatively files Form W-8. Form 1001 may be filed by securityholders or
their agent.
- - Exemption for U.S. Persons - Form W-9. U.S. persons can obtain a complete
exemption from the withholding tax by filing Form W-9 "Payer's Request for
Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification".
- - U.S. Federal Income Tax Reporting Procedure. The Owner of a global security
or, in the case of a Form 1001 or a Form 4224 filer, his agent, files by
submitting the appropriate form to the person through whom it holds the
clearing agency, in the case of persons holding directly on the books of
the clearing agency. Form W-8 and Form 1001 are effective for three
calendar years and Form 4224 is effective for one calendar year.
On April 22, 1996, the IRS proposed regulations relating to
withholding, backup withholding and information reporting that, if adopted in
their current form would, among other things, unify current certification
procedures and forms and clarify reliance standards. The regulations are
proposed to be effective for payments made after December 31, 2000 but provide
that securities issued on or before the date that is 60 days after the proposed
regulations are made final will continue to be valid until they expire. Proposed
regulations, however, are subject to change prior to their adoption in final
form.
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A U.S. person is:
(1) a citizen or resident of the United States,
(2) a corporation, partnership or other entity organized in or
under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision
thereof,
(3) an estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax
regardless of the source of its income or
(4) a trust if a court within the United States can exercise
primary supervision over its administration and at least one United
States fiduciary has the authority to control all substantial decisions
of the trust.
A non-U.S. person is any person who is not a U.S. person.
This summary does not deal with all aspects of U.S. federal
income tax withholding that may be relevant to foreign holders of the
securities. Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors for
specific tax advice concerning their holding and disposing of the
securities.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
Set forth below is an estimate of the amount of fees and expenses (other
than underwriting discounts and commissions) to be incurred in connection with
the issuance and distribution of the Securities.
SEC Filing Fee ............................................ $ 278
Trustee's Fees and Expenses* .............................. 75,000
Legal Fees and Expenses* .................................. 300,000
Accounting Fees and Expenses* ............................. 105,000
Printing and Engraving Expenses* .......................... 120,000
Blue Sky Qualification and Legal
Investment Fees and Expenses* ............................. 30,000
Rating Agency Fees* ....................................... 300,000
Certificate Insurer's Fee* ................................ 450,000
Miscellaneous* ............................................ 100,000
----------
TOTAL .................................................. $1,480,278
==========
- ----------
* Estimated in accordance with Item 511 of Regulation S-K.
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
Indemnification. Under the laws which govern the organization of the
Registrant, the registrant has the power and in some instances may be required
to provide an agent, including an officer or director, who was or is a party or
is threatened to be made a party to certain proceedings, with indemnification
against certain expenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts under
certain circumstances.
Article XI of the By-Laws of Advanta Conduit Receivables Inc. provides
that the corporation shall indemnify any person (or the estate of any person)
against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid
in settlement, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law in
connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, brought or threatened
to be brought against him by reason of the fact that he is or was a director,
officer, employee or agent of the corporation or is or was serving at the
request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another
corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
The form of the Underwriting Agreement, incorporated by reference as
Exhibit 1.1 to this Registration Statement, provide that Advanta Conduit
Receivables, Inc. will indemnify and reimburse the underwriter(s) and each
director, officer and controlling person of the underwriter(s) with respect to
certain expenses and liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act or
other federal or state regulations or under the common law, which arise out of
or are based on certain material misstatements or omissions in the Registration
Statement. In addition, the Underwriting Agreement provides that the
underwriter(s) will similarly indemnify and reimburse Advanta Conduit
Receivables, Inc. and each director, officer and controlling person of Advanta
Conduit Receivables, Inc. with respect to certain material misstatements or
omission in the Registration Statement which are based on certain written
information furnished by the underwriter(s) for use in connection with the
preparation of the Registration Statement.
Insurance. As permitted under the laws which govern the organization of
the Sponsor, the Sponsor has adopted by-laws which permit the board of directors
to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of the Sponsor's agents, including
its officers and directors, against any liability asserted against them in such
capacity or arising out of such agents' status as such, whether or not the
Sponsor would have the power to indemnify them against such liability under
applicable law. Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc. has a general liability policy
which insures its agents, including directors and officers, for general
liability exposures.
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As permitted by the Employee Retirement Security Act of 1974, Advanta
Conduit Receivables, Inc. has obtained insurance covering all employees
entrusted with fiduciary responsibilities under certain of its employee welfare
or benefit plans. The maximum coverage provided by this policy is an aggregate
of $5,000,000 per year, subject to a maximum $100,000 deductible amount with
respect to each claim.
As permitted under the laws which govern the organization of the
Sponsor, the Sponsor has adopted by-laws which permit the board of directors to
purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person indemnified under
Article XI of the Sponsor's by-laws against any liability which may be asserted
against such person.
Limitation of Liability. Article Fifth of the Certificate of
Incorporation of Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc. limit the personal liability
of directors to Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc., and its stockholders for
monetary damages resulting from breaches of fiduciary duty. Such provisions do
not eliminate or limit a director's liability for (i) breaches of fiduciary duty
of loyalty, (ii) acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve
intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) any unlawful payment
of dividends, stock repurchase or redemption or (iv) any transaction from which
the director derived an improper personal benefit.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS.
1.1* - Form of Underwriting Agreement.
4.1* - Form of Pooling and Servicing Agreement (Single or Multi-Class)
(Credit Support) among the Sponsor, the Master Servicer and the
Trustee.
4.2* Form of Sale and Servicing Agreement (Single or
Multi-Class) (Credit Support) among the Issuer, the
Sponsor, the Master Servicer and the Indenture
Trustee.
4.3* Form of Trust Agreement among the Sponsor and the Owner Trustee.
4.4* Form of Indenture among the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee.
4.5* - Form of Advanta Mortgage Holding Company Guaranty is included in
the Form of Underwriting Agreement, Exhibit 1.1 hereto.
4.6* Form of Master Loan Transfer Agreement among the Affiliated
Originators, the Affiliate, the Trustee and the Sponsor.
5.1** - Opinion of Dewey Ballantine LLP with respect to validity.
8.1** - Opinion of Dewey Ballantine LLP with respect to tax matters.
10.1* - Form of Financial Guaranty Insurance Policy.
23.1** - Consents of Dewey Ballantine LLP are included in its opinions
filed as Exhibit 5.1 and 8.1 hereof.
- -------------------------
* Previously filed.
** Filed herewith.
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ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS.
A. Undertaking in respect of indemnification
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
1933 Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling either
registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions in Item 15, or otherwise, the
registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by the registrant is
against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the
final adjudication of such issue.
B. Undertaking pursuant to Rule 415.
The Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are
being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:
(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3)
of the Securities Act of 1933;
(ii) to reflect in the Prospectus any facts or events
arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most
recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the
Registration Statement;
(iii) to include any material information with respect to
the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement
or any material change of such information in the Registration Statement;
provided, however, that paragraphs (i) and (ii) do not apply if the information
required to be included in the post-effective amendment is contained in periodic
reports filed by the Issuer pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the
Registration Statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under
the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed
to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,
and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective
amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
C. Undertaking regarding Incorporated Annual and Quarterly Reports.
The Registrant hereby undertakes to deliver or cause to be delivered
with the prospectus, to each person to whom the prospectus is sent or given, the
latest annual report to securityholders that is incorporated by reference in the
prospectus and furnished pursuant to and meeting the requirements of Rule 14a-3
or Rule 14c-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and, where interim
financial information required to be presented by Article 3 of Regulation S-X is
not set forth in the prospectus, to deliver, or cause to be delivered to each
person to whom the prospectus is sent or given, the latest quarterly report that
is specifically incorporated by reference in the prospectus to provide such
interim financial information.
D. Undertaking pursuant to Rule 430A.
The Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the forms of prospectus
filed as part of a registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and
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contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrants pursuant to Rule
424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part
of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of
prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the
securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time
shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-4
<PAGE> 194
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration
statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in the City of Spring House, State of Pennsylvania on June 25, 1999.
ADVANTA CONDUIT RECEIVABLES, INC.
By: /s/ Michael Coco
----------------------------
Vice President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
registration statement has been signed below by the following persons on March
29, 1999 in the capacities indicated.
SIGNATURE CAPACITY
--------- --------
* Executive Vice President
- ----------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer)
Walter N. Carter
* Vice President and Treasurer
- ----------------------------- (Principal Financial Officer)
Susan A McVeigh
* Vice President, Assistant Treasurer and Director
- ----------------------------- (Principal Accounting Officer)
James L. Shreero
* Director
- -----------------------------
Mark Casale
* Director
- -----------------------------
John J. Calamari
* Director
- -----------------------------
Janice C. George
* By Michael Coco as his or her attorney-in-fact.
II-5
<PAGE> 195
EXHIBIT INDEX
Ex. No. Description of Document
------- -----------------------
1.1* Form of Underwriting Agreement.
4.1* Form of Pooling and Servicing Agreement (Single or Multi-Class)
(Credit Support) among the Sponsor, the Master Servicer and the
Trustee.
4.2* Form of Sale and Servicing Agreement (Single or Multi-Class) (credit
support) among the Issuer, the Sponsor, the Master Servicer and the
Indenture Trustee.
4.3* Form of Trust Agreement among the Sponsor and the Owner Trustee.
4.4* Form of Indenture among the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee.
4.5* Form of Advanta Mortgage Holding Company Guaranty is included in the
Form of Underwriting Agreement, Exhibit 1.1 hereto.
4.6* Form of Master Loan Transfer Agreement among the Affiliated
Originators, the Affiliate, the Trustee and the Sponsor.
5.1** Opinion of Dewey Ballantine LLP with respect to validity.
8.1** Opinion of Dewey Ballantine LLP with respect to tax matters.
10.1* Form of Financial Guaranty Insurance Policy.
23.1** Consents of Dewey Ballantine LLP are included in its opinions filed
as Exhibit 5.1 and 8.1 hereof.
* Previously filed.
** Filed herewith.
II-6
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 5.1
June ___, 1999
Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc.
10790 Rancho Bernardo Road
San Diego, CA 92127
Re: Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc., Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed
Securities
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc. (the
"Sponsor" or the "Registrant") in connection with the preparation and filing of
the registration statement on Form S-3 (such registration statement, the
"Registration Statement") being filed today with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), in
respect of Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed Securities ("Securities") which the
Registrant plans to offer in series, each series to be issued under a separate
pooling and servicing agreement (a "Pooling and Servicing Agreement") or
indenture (an "Indenture"), in substantially one of the forms incorporated by
reference as Exhibits to the Registration Statement, among the Registrant,
Advanta Mortgage Corp. USA as master servicer (the "Master Servicer") and a
trustee to be identified in the prospectus supplement for such series of
Securities (the "Trustee" for such series).
We have made investigations of law and have examined and relied on the
originals or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of all
such documents and records of the Registrant and such other instruments and
other certificates of public officials, officers and representatives of the
Registrant and such other persons, as we have deemed appropriate as a basis for
the opinions expressed below.
The opinions expressed below are subject to bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium and other laws relating to or affecting creditors'
rights generally and to general equity principles.
We are admitted to the Bar of the State of New York and we express no
opinion as to the laws of any other jurisdiction except as to matters that are
governed by Federal law or the laws of the State of New York. All opinions
expressed herein are based on laws, regulations and policy guidelines currently
in force and may be affected by future regulations.
Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:
When, in respect of a series of Securities, a Pooling and Servicing
Agreement or Indenture has been duly authorized by all necessary action and duly
executed and delivered by all necessary parties for such series, such Pooling
and Servicing Agreement or Indenture will be a valid and legally binding
obligation of the Registrant; and
When a Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Indenture for a series of
Securities has been duly authorized by all necessary action and duly executed
and delivered by all necessary parties for such series, and when the Securities
of such series have been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the
provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Indenture, as applicable,
and issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement and the
prospectus, as amended or supplemented and delivered pursuant to Section 5 of
the Act in connection therewith, such Securities will be legally and validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and the holders of such Securities will be
entitled to the benefits of such Pooling and Servicing Agreement or Indenture,
as applicable.
<PAGE> 2
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an Exhibit to the
Registration Statement and to the reference to Dewey Ballantine LLP in the
Registration Statement and the related prospectus under the heading "Legal
Matters."
This opinion is furnished by us as counsel to the Registrant and is
solely for the benefit of the addressees hereof. It may not be relied upon by
any other person or for any other purpose without our prior written consent.
Very truly yours,
/s/ DEWEY BALLANTINE LLP
------------------------
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 8.1
June __, 1999
Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc.
10790 Rancho Bernardo Road
San Diego, California 92127
Re: Registration Statement
------------------------------------------
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as special tax counsel to Advanta Conduit
Receivables, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company") in connection with the
Prospectus filed by the Company.
The term "Prospectus" means the prospectus included in the
Registration Statement. The term "Registration Statement" means (i) the
Registration Statement on Form S-3 including the exhibits thereto and (ii) any
post-effective amendment filed and declared effective prior to the date of
issuance of the asset-backed securities registered thereby (the "Securities").
We have examined the question of whether the Securities will
have the tax treatment described in the Prospectus. Our analysis is based on the
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury
Regulations promulgated thereunder as in effect on the date hereof and on
existing judicial and administrative interpretations thereof. These authorities
are subject to change and to differing interpretations, which could apply
retroactively. The opinion of special tax counsel is not binding on the courts
or the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS").
In general, whether a transaction constitutes the issuance of
indebtedness or the sale of assets for federal income tax purposes is a question
of fact, the resolution of which is based primarily upon the economic substance
of the instruments and the transaction pursuant to which they are issued rather
than the form of the transaction or the manner in which the instruments are
labeled. The IRS and the courts have set forth various factors to be taken into
account in determining whether or not a transaction constitutes the issuance of
indebtedness or the sale of assets for federal income tax purposes, which we
have reviewed as they apply to the transactions described on the Prospectus.
Based on the foregoing, and such legal and factual
investigations as we have deemed appropriate, we are of the opinion that for
federal income tax purposes:
(1) The Securities, assuming they are issued in accordance
with the Prospectus, will have the federal income tax treatment described in the
Prospectus.
<PAGE> 2
Advanta Conduit Receivables, Inc.
June __, 1999
Page 2
(2) We hereby adopt and confirm the information appearing
under the caption "Material Federal Income Tax Consequences" in the Prospectus
and confirm that it represents our opinion with respect to the matters discussed
therein.
This opinion is furnished by us as counsel to the Registrant.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement and to the reference to Dewey Ballantine LLP in the
Registration Statement and the related prospectus under the heading "Legal
Matters."
Very truly yours,
/s/ Dewey Ballantine LLP
