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EXHIBIT 99.C
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
among
NOKIA CORPORATION
BLACKBIRD ACQUISITION, INC.
and
RAMP NETWORKS, INC.
Dated as of December 6, 2000
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
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<S> <C> <C>
SECTION 1.01 Definitions........................................... 2
ARTICLE II
THE OFFER
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SECTION 2.01 The Offer............................................. 7
SECTION 2.02 Company Action........................................ 8
ARTICLE III
THE MERGER
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SECTION 3.01 The Merger............................................ 10
SECTION 3.02 Effective Time; Closing............................... 10
SECTION 3.03 Effect of the Merger.................................. 10
SECTION 3.04 Certificate of Incorporation; By-laws................. 10
SECTION 3.05 Directors and Officers................................ 11
SECTION 3.06 Conversion of Securities.............................. 11
SECTION 3.07 Employee Stock Options; Employee Stock Purchase Plan.. 11
SECTION 3.08 Dissenting Shares..................................... 12
SECTION 3.09 Surrender of Shares; Stock Transfer Books............. 13
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
---------------------------------------------
SECTION 4.01 Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries.......... 14
SECTION 4.02 Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws.............. 15
SECTION 4.03 Capitalization........................................ 15
SECTION 4.04 Authority Relative to this Agreement.................. 15
SECTION 4.05 No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents............ 16
SECTION 4.06 Permits; Compliance................................... 17
SECTION 4.07 SEC Filings; Financial Statements..................... 17
SECTION 4.08 Absence of Certain Changes or Events.................. 18
SECTION 4.09 Absence of Litigation................................. 18
SECTION 4.10 Employee Benefit Plans................................ 19
SECTION 4.11 Labor and Employment Matters.......................... 21
SECTION 4.12 Offer Documents; Schedule 14D-9; Proxy Statement...... 22
SECTION 4.13 Property and Leases................................... 22
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
SECTION 4.14 Intellectual Property................................... 23
SECTION 4.15 Taxes................................................... 27
SECTION 4.16 Environmental Matters................................... 27
SECTION 4.17 No Rights Agreements.................................... 28
SECTION 4.18 Material Contracts...................................... 28
SECTION 4.19 Insurance............................................... 29
SECTION 4.20 Customers and Suppliers................................. 30
SECTION 4.21 Brokers................................................. 30
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER
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SECTION 5.01 Corporate Organization.................................. 31
SECTION 5.02 Authority Relative to This Agreement.................... 31
SECTION 5.03 No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents.............. 31
SECTION 5.04 Financing............................................... 32
SECTION 5.05 Offer Documents; Proxy Statement........................ 32
SECTION 5.06 Brokers................................................. 32
ARTICLE VI
CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE MERGER
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SECTION 6.01 Conduct of Business by the Company Pending the Merger... 32
ARTICLE VII
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
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SECTION 7.01 Stockholders' Meeting................................... 34
SECTION 7.02 Proxy Statement......................................... 35
SECTION 7.03 Company Board Representation; Section 14(f)............. 35
SECTION 7.04 Access to Information; Confidentiality.................. 36
SECTION 7.05 No Solicitation of Transactions......................... 36
SECTION 7.06 Employee Benefits Matters............................... 37
SECTION 7.07 Intentionally Omitted................................... 38
SECTION 7.08 Directors' and Officers' Indemnification and Insurance.. 38
SECTION 7.09 Notification of Certain Matters......................... 39
SECTION 7.10 Further Action; Reasonable Best Efforts................. 39
SECTION 7.11 Public Announcements.................................... 39
SECTION 7.12 Confidentiality Agreement............................... 40
SECTION 7.13 Confirmation of No Withholding.......................... 40
SECTION 7.14 Obligations of Purchaser................................ 40
SECTION 7.15 Voting of Shares........................................ 40
SECTION 7.16 Extension of Offer...................................... 40
</TABLE>
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ARTICLE VIII
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
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<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
SECTION 8.01 Conditions to the Merger.............................. 41
ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
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SECTION 9.01 Termination........................................... 41
SECTION 9.02 Effect of Termination................................. 43
SECTION 9.03 Fees and Expenses..................................... 43
SECTION 9.04 Amendment............................................. 43
SECTION 9.05 Waiver................................................ 44
ARTICLE X
GENERAL PROVISIONS
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SECTION 10.01 Notices............................................... 44
SECTION 10.02 Severability.......................................... 45
SECTION 10.03 Entire Agreement; Assignment.......................... 46
SECTION 10.04 Parties in Interest................................... 46
SECTION 10.05 Specific Performance.................................. 46
SECTION 10.06 Governing Law......................................... 46
SECTION 10.07 Waiver of Jury Trial.................................. 46
SECTION 10.08 Headings.............................................. 47
SECTION 10.09 Counterparts.......................................... 47
SECTION 10.10 Execution............................................. 47
SECTION 10.11 Disclosure Schedule................................... 47
ANNEX A Conditions to the Offer
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</TABLE>
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of December 6, 2000 (this
"Agreement"), among NOKIA CORPORATION, a company organized under the laws of the
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Republic of Finland ("Parent"), BLACKBIRD ACQUISITION, INC., a Delaware
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corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Purchaser"), and RAMP
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NETWORKS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company").
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WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors of Parent, Purchaser and the Company
have each determined that it is in the best interests of their respective
stockholders for Parent to acquire the Company upon the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS, in furtherance of such acquisition, it is proposed that
Purchaser shall make a cash tender offer (the "Offer") to acquire all the shares
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of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company ("Shares") that are
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issued and outstanding for $5.80 per Share (such amount, or any greater amount
per Share paid pursuant to the Offer, being the "Per Share Amount"), net to the
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seller in cash, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement
and the Offer;
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") has
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unanimously approved the making of the Offer and resolved to recommend that
holders of Shares tender their Shares pursuant to the Offer;
WHEREAS, also in furtherance of such acquisition, the Boards of
Directors of Parent, Purchaser and the Company have each approved this Agreement
and declared its advisability and approved the merger (the "Merger") of
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Purchaser with and into the Company in accordance with the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware ("Delaware Law"), following the consummation of the
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Offer and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS, Parent, Purchaser and certain stockholders of the Company
(the "Stockholders") have entered into Stockholder's Agreements, dated as of the
------------
date hereof (collectively, the "Stockholder Agreements"), providing that, among
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other things, the Stockholders will (i) tender their Shares into the Offer, (ii)
vote their Shares in favor of the Merger, if applicable, and (iii) grant an
option to Purchaser to purchase their Shares at the Per Share Amount, in each
case subject to the conditions set forth therein; and
WHEREAS, as a condition and an inducement to Parent and Purchaser
entering into this Agreement, concurrently with the execution and delivery of
this Agreement, Parent and certain key employees of the Company (the
"Employees") are entering into Employment Agreements (collectively, the
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"Employment Agreements").
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NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual
covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound
hereby, Parent, Purchaser and the Company hereby agree as follows:
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ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
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SECTION 1.01 Definitions.
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(a) For purposes of this Agreement:
"Acquisition Proposal" means (i) any proposal or offer from any person
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relating to any direct or indirect acquisition of (A) all or a substantial
part of the assets of the Company or of any Subsidiary or (B) over 20% of any
class of equity securities of the Company or of any Subsidiary; (ii) any
tender offer or exchange offer, as defined pursuant to the Exchange Act, that,
if consummated, would result in any person beneficially owning 20% or more of
any class of equity securities of the Company or any Subsidiary; (iii) any
merger, consolidation, business combination, sale of all or a substantial part
of the assets, recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution or similar
transaction involving the Company or any Subsidiary, other than the
Transactions or (iv) any other similar transaction the consummation of which
would reasonably be expected to impede, interfere with, prevent or materially
delay the Transaction.
"affiliate" of a specified person means a person who, directly or
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indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or
is under common control with, such specified person.
"beneficial owner", with respect to any Shares, has the meaning
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ascribed to such term under Rule 13d-3(a) of the Exchange Act.
"business day" means any day on which the principal offices of the SEC
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in Washington, D.C. are open to accept filings, or, in the case of determining
a date when any payment is due, any day on which banks are not required or
authorized to close in The City of New York.
"Company Owned Intellectual Property" means Intellectual Property
-----------------------------------
owned by the Company or a Subsidiary that is material to the business,
financial condition, or results of operations of the Company and the
Subsidiaries as currently conducted or contemplated to be conducted.
"Company Licensed Intellectual Property" means each item of
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Intellectual Property licensed to the Company or a Subsidiary pursuant to a
license that is material to the business of the Company or the Subsidiaries as
currently conducted or contemplated to be conducted.
"Company Software" means Software (A) material to the operation of the
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business of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company, including all computer
software and databases operated by the Company or a subsidiary of the Company
on its web sites or used by the Company or a subsidiary of the Company in
connection with processing customer orders, storing customer information, or
storing or archiving data,
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and (B) owned, manufactured, distributed, sold, licensed or marketed by the
Company or any subsidiary of the Company.
"Company Systems" shall mean all computer, hardware, Software,
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systems, and equipment (including embedded microcontrollers in non-computer
equipment) embedded within or required to operate the current products of the
Company and the Subsidiaries, and/or material to or necessary for the Company
and the Subsidiaries to carry on their businesses as currently conducted.
"control" (including the terms "controlled by" and "under common
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control with") means the possession, directly or indirectly, or as trustee or
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executor, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and
policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as
trustee or executor, by contract or credit arrangement or otherwise;
"Environmental Laws" means any United States federal, state, local or
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non-United States laws relating to (i) releases or threatened releases of
Hazardous Substances or materials containing Hazardous Substances; (ii) the
manufacture, handling, transport, use, treatment, storage or disposal of
Hazardous Substances or materials containing Hazardous Substances; or (iii)
pollution or protection of the environment, health, safety or natural resources.
"ERISA Affiliate" means any trade or business (whether or not
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incorporated) under common control with the Company or any Subsidiary and which,
together with the Company or any Subsidiary, is treated as a single employer
within the meaning of Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code.
"Fully Diluted Basis" means after taking into account all Shares
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issuable upon the conversion of any Company convertible securities or upon the
exercise of any vested options, warrants or rights of the Company.
"Hazardous Substances" means (i) those substances defined in and
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regulated under the following United States federal statutes and their state
counterparts, as each may be amended from time to time, and all regulations
thereunder: the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and Liability Act, the Clean Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water
Act, the Atomic Energy Act, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
Act and the Clean Air Act; (ii) petroleum and petroleum products, including
crude oil and any fractions thereof; (iii) natural gas, synthetic gas, and any
mixtures thereof; (iv) polychlorinated biphenyls, asbestos and radon; and (v)
any other contaminant, substance, material or waste regulated by any
Governmental Authority pursuant to any Environmental Law.
"Intellectual Property" means (i) United States, non-United States,
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and international patents, patent applications and invention registrations of
any type, (ii) trademarks, service marks, domain names, trade dress, logos,
trade names, corporate names and other source identifiers, and registrations and
applications for registration
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thereof, (iii) copyrightable works, copyrights, and registrations and
applications for registration thereof, (iv) Software, (v) confidential and
proprietary information, including trade secrets and know-how, and (vi) rights
of privacy, publicity and endorsement, and all other rights associated therewith
in any jurisdiction.
"knowledge of the Company" means the knowledge of any director or
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executive officer of the Company and such knowledge that would be imputed to
such persons upon reasonable investigation.
"Licenses" mean (A) licenses of Intellectual Property by the Company
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to third parties, (B) licenses of Intellectual Property by third parties to the
Company, and (C) agreements between the Company and third parties relating to
the development or use of Intellectual Property, the development or transmission
of data, or the use, modification, framing, linking advertisement, or other
practices with respect to Internet web sites.
"Material Adverse Effect" means, when used in connection with the
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Company or any Subsidiary, any event, circumstance, change or effect that, when
taken together with any other events, circumstances, changes and effects
occurring after the date hereof that do not individually have a Material Adverse
Effect or any other circumstances that would, but for the fact that they do not
individually have a Material Adverse Effect, constitute a breach of any
representation or warranty made by the Company in this Agreement, is or is
reasonably likely to be materially adverse to the business, financial condition,
results of operations or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as
a whole, except that none of the following shall be deemed in themselves to
constitute a Material Adverse Effect: (i) any change in the market price or
trading volume of the Shares; (ii) any change in general economic conditions;
(iii) any adverse change affecting the Company's industry generally; or (iv) any
transaction costs, taxes or integration costs or any cancellations of or delays
in customer orders, any reduction in sales or revenues or any disruptions in
supplier or distributor relationships that result directly from the
announcement, pendency or consummation of the Merger.
"person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited
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partnership, limited liability company, syndicate, person (including, without
limitation, a "person" as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act),
trust, association or entity or government, political subdivision, agency or
instrumentality of a government.
"Software" means computer software, programs and databases in any
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form, including Internet web sites, web content and links, all versions,
updates, corrections, enhancements, and modifications thereof, and all related
documentation.
"subsidiary" or "subsidiaries" of the Company, the Surviving
---------- ------------
Corporation, Parent or any other person means an affiliate controlled by such
person, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries.
"Superior Proposal" means any Acquisition Proposal on terms which the
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Board determines, in its good faith judgment (after having received the advice
of a financial
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advisor of internationally recognized reputation), to be more favorable to the
Company's stockholders than the Offer and the Merger and for which financing,
to the extent required, is then committed or, in the good faith judgment of
the Board, reasonably likely to be obtained in a timely manner.
"Taxes" shall mean any and all taxes, fees, levies, duties, tariffs,
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imposts and other similar charges of any kind (together with any and all
interest, penalties, additions to tax and additional amounts imposed with
respect thereto) imposed by any Governmental Authority or taxing authority,
including, without limitation: taxes or other charges on or with respect to
income, franchise, windfall or other profits, gross receipts, property, sales,
use, capital stock, payroll, employment, social security, workers'
compensation, unemployment compensation or net worth; taxes or other charges
in the nature of excise, withholding, ad valorem, stamp, transfer, value-added
or gains taxes; license, registration and documentation fees; and customers'
duties, tariffs and similar charges.
(b) The following terms have the meaning set forth in the Sections set
forth below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Defined Term Location of Definition
---------------------------- -------------------------
<S> <C>
Action (S) 4.09
Affected Employees (S) 7.06(a)
Agreement Preamble
Blue Sky Laws (S) 4.05(b)
Board Recitals
Broadview (S) 2.02(a)
Certificate of Merger (S) 3.02
Certificates (S) 3.09(b)
Code (S) 4.10(a)
Company Preamble
Company Preferred Stock (S) 4.03
Company Stock Options (S) 3.07(a)
Company Stock Option Plans (S) 3.07(a)
Confidentiality Agreement (S) 7.04(b)
Cut-Off Date (S) 7.03(a)
Delaware Law Recitals
Disclosure Schedule (S) Article IV
Dissenting Shares (S) 3.08(a)
Effective Time (S) 3.02
Environmental Permits (S) 4.16
ERISA (S) 4.10(a)
ESPP (S) 3.07(c)
Exchange Act (S) 2.01(a)
Exchange Ratio (S) 3.07(a)
Existing D&O Policies (S) 4.19(d)
Expenses (S) 9.03(f)
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Fairness Opinion (S) 2.02(a)
Fee (S) 9.03(a)
GAAP (S) 4.07(b)
Governmental Authority (S) 4.05(b)
HSR Act (S) 2.01(a)
IRS (S) 4.10(a)
Law (S) 4.05(a)
Liens (S) 4.13(b)
Loan (S) 7.16
Material Contracts (S) 4.18(a)
Merger Recitals
Merger Consideration (S) 2.01(a)
Minimum Condition (S) 2.01(a)
Multiemployer Plan (S) 4.10(b)
Multiple Employer Plan (S) 4.10(b)
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan (S) 4.10(h)
Offer Recitals
Offer Documents (S) 2.01(b)
Offer to Purchase (S) 2.01(b)
Parent Preamble
Parent ADSs (S) 3.07(a)
Parent Shares (S) 3.07(a)
Paying Agent (S) 3.09(a)
Permits (S) 4.06
Permitted Liens (S) 4.13(b)
Per Share Amount Recitals
Plans (S) 4.10(a)
Proprietary Names (S) 4.14(a)
Proxy Statement (S) 7.02
Purchaser Preamble
Replacement Option (S) 3.07(a)
Schedule 14D-9 (S) 2.02(b)
Schedule TO (S) 2.01(b)
SEC (S) 2.01(a)
SEC Reports (S) 4.07(a)
September Balance Sheet (S) 4.07(c)
Securities Act (S) 4.07(a)
Shares Recitals
Stockholder Agreements Recitals
Stockholders Recitals
Stockholders' Meeting (S) 7.01(a)
Subsidiary (S) 4.01(a)
Surviving Corporation (S) 3.03
Tail Period (S) 7.08(b)
Transactions (S) 2.02(a)
</TABLE>
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ARTICLE II
THE OFFER
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SECTION 2.01 The Offer. (a) Provided that this Agreement shall not
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have been terminated in accordance with Section 9.01 hereof and none of the
------------
events set forth in clause (a) through (i) of Annex A hereto shall have occurred
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or be continuing, Purchaser shall commence (within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) the
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Offer as promptly as reasonably practicable after the date hereof, but in no
event later than 10 business days after the initial public announcement of
Purchaser's intention to commence the Offer. The obligation of Purchaser to
accept for payment Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer shall be subject to the
condition (the "Minimum Condition") that at least the number of Shares that
-----------------
shall constitute fifty-one percent (51%) of the then outstanding Shares on a
Fully Diluted Basis shall have been validly tendered and not withdrawn prior to
the expiration of the Offer and also shall be subject to the satisfaction of
each of the other conditions set forth in Annex A hereto. Purchaser expressly
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reserves the right to waive any such condition, to increase the price per Share
payable in the Offer, and to make any other changes in the terms and conditions
of the Offer; provided, however, that without the Company's prior written
-------- -------
consent, Purchaser shall not waive the Minimum Condition and no change may be
made (i) which decreases the price per Share payable in the Offer, or (ii) which
reduces the maximum number of Shares to be purchased in the Offer, or (iii)
which changes the form of consideration payable in the Offer, or (iv) which
imposes conditions to the Offer in addition to those set forth in Annex A
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hereto, or (v) which, except as provided by Law or in the following sentence,
extends the Offer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Purchaser may, without the
consent of the Company, (i) extend the Offer beyond the scheduled expiration
date, which shall be 20 business days following the commencement of the Offer,
if, at the scheduled expiration of the Offer, any of the conditions to
Purchaser's obligation to accept Shares for payment, shall not be satisfied or
waived, (ii) extend the Offer for any period required by any rule, regulation or
interpretation of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), or the
---
staff thereof, applicable to the Offer, or (iii) extend (or re-extend) the Offer
for an aggregate period of not more than 10 business days beyond the latest
applicable date that would otherwise be permitted under clause (i) or (ii) of
this sentence, if, as of such date, all of the conditions to Purchaser's
obligations to accept for payment Shares are satisfied or waived, but there
shall not have been validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer
that number of Shares necessary to permit the Merger to be effected without a
meeting of the Company's stockholders in accordance with Delaware Law . In
addition, if, on the then applicable expiration date of the Offer, the sole
condition remaining unsatisfied is the failure of the waiting period under the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act")
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or under any applicable material non-United States statutes or regulations to
have expired or been terminated, then Purchaser shall extend the Offer from time
to time until the earlier to occur of (i) February 15, 2001 and (ii) the fifth
business day after the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting
period under the HSR Act or any applicable material non-United States statutes
or regulation. Parent and Purchaser further agree that in the event of the
failure of one or more of the conditions to the Offer to be either satisfied or
waived on any date on which the Offer would have otherwise expired, Purchaser
shall, if such condition or conditions could reasonably be satisfied by February
15, 2001 and for so long as such condition or conditions continue to
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reasonably be expected to be satisfied by February 15, 2001, extend the Offer
until such condition or conditions shall have been satisfied or waived;
provided, however, that Purchaser shall not be required to extend the Offer
-------- -------
pursuant to this sentence beyond February 15, 2001. The Per Share Amount shall,
subject to applicable withholding of taxes, be net to the seller in cash, upon
the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer. Purchaser shall pay for
all Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn promptly following the acceptance
of Shares for payment pursuant to the Offer. Notwithstanding the immediately
preceding sentence and subject to the applicable rules of the SEC and the terms
and conditions of the Offer, Purchaser expressly reserves the right to delay
payment for Shares in order to comply in whole or in part with applicable laws.
Any such delay shall be effected in compliance with Rule 14e-1(c) under the
Exchange Act. If the payment equal to the Per Share Amount in cash (the "Merger
------
Consideration") is to be made to a person other than the person in whose name
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the surrendered certificate formerly evidencing Shares is registered on the
stock transfer books of the Company, it shall be a condition of payment that the
certificate so surrendered shall be endorsed properly or otherwise be in proper
form for transfer and that the person requesting such payment shall have paid
all transfer and other taxes required by reason of the payment of the Merger
Consideration to a person other than the registered holder of the certificate
surrendered, or shall have established to the satisfaction of Purchaser that
such taxes either have been paid or are not applicable.
(b) As promptly as reasonably practicable on the date of commencement
of the Offer, Purchaser shall file with the SEC a Tender Offer Statement on
Schedule TO (together with all amendments and supplements thereto, the "Schedule
--------
TO") with respect to the Offer. The Schedule TO shall contain or shall
--
incorporate by reference an offer to purchase (the "Offer to Purchase") and
-----------------
forms of the related letter of transmittal and any related summary advertisement
(the Schedule TO, the Offer to Purchase and such other documents, together with
all supplements and amendments thereto, being referred to herein collectively as
the "Offer Documents"). Parent, Purchaser and the Company agree to correct
---------------
promptly any information provided by any of them for use in the Offer Documents
if and to the extent that such information shall have become false or
misleading, and Parent and Purchaser further agree to take all steps necessary
to cause the Schedule TO, as so corrected, to be filed with the SEC, and the
other Offer Documents, as so corrected, to be disseminated to holders of Shares,
in each case as and to the extent required by applicable federal securities
laws. The Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to
review and comment upon the Offer Documents (and shall provide any comments
thereon as soon as practicable) prior to the filing thereof with the SEC or
dissemination to stockholders of the Company. In addition, Parent and Purchaser
shall provide the Company and its counsel in writing with any comments Parent or
Purchaser or their counsel may receive from the SEC or its staff with respect to
the Schedule TO promptly after receipt of such comments and with copies of any
written responses by Parent or Purchaser or their counsel.
SECTION 2.02 Company Action. (a) The Company hereby approves of and
--------------
consents to the Offer and represents that (i) the Board, at a meeting duly
called and held on December 6, 2000, has unanimously (A) determined that this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including each of the Offer
and the Merger, and the transactions contemplated by the Stockholder Agreements
(collectively, the "Transactions"), are fair to, and in the best interests of,
------------
the holders of Shares, (B) approved, adopted and declared advisable this
8
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Agreement and the Transactions (such approval and adoption having been made in
accordance with Delaware Law, including, without limitation, Section 203
thereof) and (C) resolved to recommend that the holders of Shares accept the
Offer and tender Shares pursuant to the Offer, and, if required under Delaware
Law, approve and adopt this Agreement and the Transactions and (ii) Broadview
International LLC ("Broadview") has delivered to the Board a written opinion
---------
that the consideration to be received by the holders of Shares pursuant to each
of the Offer and the Merger is fair to the holders of Shares from a financial
point of view (the "Fairness Opinion"). The Company hereby consents to the
----------------
inclusion in the Offer Documents of the recommendation of the Board described in
the immediately preceding sentence, and the Company shall not withdraw or modify
such recommendation in any manner adverse to Purchaser or Parent except as
provided in Section 7.05(b). The Company has been advised by its directors and
---------------
executive officers that they intend either to tender all Shares beneficially
owned by them to Purchaser pursuant to the Offer and, if applicable, to sell
such Shares to the Purchaser pursuant to their respective Stockholder Agreement,
or to vote such Shares in favor of the approval and adoption by the stockholders
of the Company of this Agreement and the Transactions.
(b) As promptly as reasonably practicable on the date of commencement
of the Offer, the Company shall file with the SEC a Solicitation/Recommendation
Statement on Schedule 14D9 with respect to the Offer (together with all
amendments and supplements thereto, the "Schedule 14D-9") containing the
--------------
Fairness Opinion and, except as provided in Section 7.05(b), the recommendation
---------------
of the Board described in Section 2.02(a), and shall disseminate the Schedule
---------------
14D9 to the extent required by Rule 14d-9 promulgated under the Exchange Act,
and any other applicable federal securities laws. The Company, Parent and
Purchaser agree to correct promptly any information provided by any of them for
use in the Schedule 14D-9 if and to the extent that such information shall have
become false or misleading, and the Company further agrees to take all steps
necessary to cause the Schedule 14D-9, as so corrected, to be filed with the SEC
and disseminated to holders of Shares, in each case as and to the extent
required by applicable federal securities laws. Parent, Purchaser and their
counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon the
Schedule 14D-9 (and shall provide any comments thereon as soon as practicable)
prior to the filing thereof with the SEC. In addition, the Company shall
provide Parent, Purchaser and their counsel in writing with any comments the
Company or its counsel may receive from the SEC or its staff with respect to the
Schedule 14D-9 promptly after receipt of such comments and with copies of any
written responses by the Company or its counsel.
(c) The Company shall, or shall cause its transfer agent to, promptly
furnish Purchaser with mailing labels containing the names and addresses of all
record holders of Shares and with security position listings of Shares held in
stock depositories, each as of a recent date, together with all other available
listings and computer files containing names, addresses and security position
listings of record holders and beneficial owners of Shares. The Company shall
promptly furnish Purchaser with such additional information, including, without
limitation, updated listings and computer files of stockholders, mailing labels
and security position listings, and such other assistance in disseminating the
Offer Documents to holders of Shares as Parent or Purchaser may reasonably
request. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, and except for such
steps as are necessary to disseminate the Offer Documents and any other
documents necessary to consummate the Offer or the Merger, Parent and Purchaser
and their agents shall
9
<PAGE>
hold in confidence the information contained in such labels, listings and files,
shall use such information only in connection with the Transactions, and, if
this Agreement shall be terminated in accordance with Section 9.01, shall
------------
deliver and will use their reasonable best efforts to cause their agents to
deliver to the Company all copies of such information then in their possession
or control.
ARTICLE III
THE MERGER
----------
SECTION 3.01 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
----------
set forth in Article VIII, and in accordance with Delaware Law, Purchaser shall
------------
be merged with and into the Company.
SECTION 3.02 Effective Time; Closing. As promptly as practicable after
-----------------------
the satisfaction or, if permissible, waiver of the conditions set forth in
Article VIII, the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by
------------
filing this Agreement or a certificate of merger or certificate of ownership and
merger (in either case, the "Certificate of Merger") with the Secretary of State
---------------------
of the State of Delaware, in such form as is required by, and executed in
accordance with, the relevant provisions of Delaware Law (the date and time of
such filing being the "Effective Time"). Prior to such filing, a closing shall
--------------
be held at the offices of Shearman & Sterling, 1550 El Camino Real, Suite 100,
Menlo Park, California 94025, or such other place as the parties shall agree,
for the purpose of confirming the satisfaction or waiver, as the case may be, of
the conditions set forth in Article VIII hereto.
------------
SECTION 3.03 Effect of the Merger. As a result of the Merger, the
--------------------
separate corporate existence of Purchaser shall cease and the Company shall
continue as the surviving corporation of the Merger (the "Surviving
---------
Corporation"). At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall be as
-----------
provided in the applicable provisions of Delaware Law. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all the
property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Purchaser
shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities,
obligations, restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Company and Purchaser
shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions, disabilities and
duties of the Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 3.04 Certificate of Incorporation; By-laws. (a) At the
-------------------------------------
Effective Time, subject to Section 7.07(a), the Certificate of Incorporation of
---------------
Purchaser, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter
amended as provided by law and such Certificate of Incorporation; provided,
--------
however, that, at the Effective Time, Article I of the Certificate of
-------
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended to read as follows:
"The name of the corporation is Nokia RNI Acquisition, Inc."
(b) Unless otherwise determined by Parent prior to the Effective Time,
and subject to Section 7.07(a), the By-laws of Purchaser, as in effect
---------------
immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the By-laws of the Surviving
Corporation at the Effective Time until
10
<PAGE>
thereafter amended as provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the
Surviving Corporation and such By-laws.
SECTION 3.05 Directors and Officers. At the Effective Time, the
----------------------
directors of Purchaser immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the
initial directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in
accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of the Surviving
Corporation, and the officers of the Company immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall be the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation, in each case
until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified or
until their earlier death, resignation or approval.
SECTION 3.06 Conversion of Securities. At the Effective Time, by
------------------------
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Purchaser, the
Company or the holders of any of the following securities:
(a) Each Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (other than any Shares to be canceled pursuant to Section 3.06(b)
---------------
and any Dissenting Shares (as hereinafter defined)) shall be canceled and shall
be converted automatically into the right to receive an amount equal to the
Merger Consideration payable, without interest, to the holder of such Share,
upon surrender, in the manner provided in Section 3.09, of the certificate that
------------
formerly evidenced such Share;
(b) Each Share held in the treasury of the Company and each Share
owned by Purchaser, Parent or any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of
Parent or of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
canceled without any conversion thereof and no payment or distribution shall be
made with respect thereto; and
(c) Each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of
Purchaser issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
be converted into and exchanged for one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the
Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 3.07 Employee Stock Options; Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (a)
----------------------------------------------------
All options (the "Company Stock Options") outstanding, whether or not
---------------------
exercisable and whether or not vested, at the Effective Time under the Company's
2000 Non-Statutory Stock Option Plan, the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan and the 1995
Stock Plan (collectively, the "Company Stock Option Plans") shall be canceled as
--------------------------
of the Effective Time and the Company Stock Option Plans shall be terminated.
As of the Effective Time, each canceled Company Stock Option that has an
exercise price that is equal to or less than the Merger Consideration shall be
replaced with an option (a "Replacement Option") to purchase Parent American
------------------
Depositary Shares ("Parent ADSs"), each of which represents the right to receive
-----------
one share, nominal value (euro)0.06 per share, of Parent ("Parent Shares"),
-------------
that will be granted pursuant to the terms of the Parent Global Acquisition
Equity Plan. Each Replacement Option shall be exercisable for, and represent
the right to acquire, that whole number of Parent ADSs (rounded down to the
nearest whole Parent ADS) equal to the number of Shares subject to such
Company Stock Option multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which shall be
equal to the Merger Consideration and the denominator of which shall be equal
to average closing price of Parent ADSs on the New York Stock
11
<PAGE>
Exchange, as reported each day on the Bloomberg system under NOK UN Equity, for
the five (5) business day period ending on (and including) the business day
prior to the Effective Time (such fraction (rounded down to the sixth decimal
place) being hereinafter referred to as the "Exchange Ratio") and the exercise
--------------
price per Parent ADSs shall be the amount equal to the exercise price per share
subject to such Company Stock Option divided by the Exchange Ratio (rounded
upward to the nearest full cent). Except as provided in this and the preceding
sentence, the terms of any Replacement Option need not be equivalent to the
terms of the corresponding cancelled Company Stock Option; provided, however
-------- -------
that the existing vesting schedule of the Company Stock Options will not be
adversely changed, except that Replacement Options may vest on a quarterly basis
rather than on a monthly basis. No Replacement Options shall be granted in
respect of Company Stock Options that have an exercise price that exceeds the
Merger Consideration.
(b) As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, Parent shall
deliver to each holder of a Replacement Option an appropriate notice setting
forth such holder's rights pursuant thereto. Parent shall take all corporate
action necessary to reserve for issuance a sufficient number of Parent ADSs for
delivery upon exercise of Replacement Options pursuant to the terms set forth in
this Section 3.07. As soon as practicable, but in no event later than thirty
------------
(30) days, after the Effective Time, the Parent ADSs subject to Company Stock
Options shall be covered by an effective registration statement on Form S-8 (or
any successor form) or another appropriate form. Prior to the Effective Time,
the Company shall take all necessary action to approve the disposition of the
Company Stock Options and the shares of Company Common Stock in connection with
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to the extent necessary to
exempt such dispositions under Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act.
(c) Effective as of the Effective Time, the Company shall take all
actions necessary to shorten any pending Purchase Period and Offering Period (as
each such term is defined in the Company's 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
(the "ESPP")) and establish a New Purchase Date (as contemplated in Section
----
20(b) of the ESPP) immediately prior to the Effective Time and to terminate the
ESPP as of the Effective Time, conditioned upon the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
SECTION 3.08 Dissenting Shares. (a) Notwithstanding any provision of
-----------------
this Agreement to the contrary, Shares that are issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time and that are held by stockholders who
shall have properly exercised their appraisal rights for such Shares in
accordance with Section 262 of Delaware Law (collectively, the "Dissenting
----------
Shares") shall not be converted into, or represent the right to receive, the
------
Merger Consideration. Such stockholders shall be entitled to receive payment of
the appraised value of such Shares held by them in accordance with the
provisions of such Section 262, except that all Dissenting Shares held by
stockholders who shall have failed to perfect or who effectively shall have
withdrawn or lost their rights to appraisal of such Shares under such Section
262 shall thereupon be deemed to have been converted into, and to have become
exchangeable for, as of the Effective Time, the right to receive the Merger
Consideration, without any interest thereon, upon surrender, in the manner
provided in Section 3.09, of the certificate or certificates that formerly
------------
evidenced such Shares.
12
<PAGE>
(b) The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any demands for
appraisal received by the Company, withdrawals of such demands, and any other
instruments served pursuant to Delaware Law and received by the Company and (ii)
the opportunity to direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to
demands for appraisal under Delaware Law. The Company shall not, except with
the prior written consent of Parent, make any payment with respect to any
demands for appraisal or offer to settle or settle any such demands.
SECTION 3.09 Surrender of Shares; Stock Transfer Books. (a) Prior to
-----------------------------------------
the Effective Time, Purchaser shall designate a bank or trust company to act as
agent (the "Paying Agent") for the holders of Shares to receive the funds to
------------
which holders of Shares shall become entitled pursuant to Section 3.06(a). At or
---------------
prior to the Effective Time, Purchaser shall deposit in trust with the Paying
Agent immediately available funds in an amount sufficient to pay the Merger
Consideration for all such Shares to the Company's stockholders as contemplated
by this Section 3.09. Such funds shall be invested by the Paying Agent as
------------
directed by the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Promptly after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall
cause to be mailed to each person who was, at the Effective Time, a holder of
record of Shares entitled to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to
Section 3.06(a) a form of letter of transmittal (which shall specify that
---------------
delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the certificates
evidencing such Shares (the "Certificates") shall pass, only upon proper
------------
delivery of the Certificates to the Paying Agent) and instructions for use in
effecting the surrender of the Certificates pursuant to such letter of
transmittal, both in a form approved by Parent and the Company. Upon surrender
to the Paying Agent of a Certificate, together with such letter of transmittal,
duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto,
and such other documents as may be reasonably required pursuant to such
instructions, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in
exchange therefor the Merger Consideration for each Share formerly evidenced by
such Certificate, and such Certificate shall then be canceled. No interest
shall accrue or be paid on the Merger Consideration payable upon the surrender
of any Certificate for the benefit of the holder of such Certificate. If the
payment equal to the Merger Consideration is to be made to a person other than
the person in whose name the surrendered certificate formerly evidencing Shares
is registered on the stock transfer books of the Company, it shall be a
condition of payment that the certificate so surrendered shall be endorsed
properly or otherwise be in proper form for transfer and that the person
requesting such payment shall have paid all transfer and other taxes required by
reason of the payment of the Merger Consideration to a person other than the
registered holder of the Certificate surrendered, or shall have established to
the satisfaction of Purchaser that such taxes either have been paid or are not
applicable. Each of the Surviving Corporation, Parent and the Paying Agent
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amounts otherwise payable
pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of a Certificate such amounts as it is
required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under
the Code, or any provisions of Law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld,
such withheld amounts shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as having
been paid to the holder of a Certificate in respect of which such deduction and
withholding was made by the Surviving Corporation, Parent or the Paying Agent,
as the case may be.
(c) At any time following the first anniversary of the Effective Time,
the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to require the Paying Agent to
deliver to it any funds
13
<PAGE>
which had been made available to the Paying Agent and not disbursed to holders
of Shares (including, without limitation, all interest and other income received
by the Paying Agent in respect of all funds made available to it), and the
Paying Agent's duties shall terminate. Thereafter, such holders shall be
entitled to look to the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned property,
escheat and other similar laws) only as general creditors thereof with respect
to any Merger Consideration that may be payable upon due surrender of the
Certificates held by them. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Surviving
Corporation nor the Paying Agent shall be liable to any holder of a Share for
any Merger Consideration delivered in respect of such Share to a public official
pursuant to any abandoned property, escheat or other similar law.
(d) At the close of business on the day of the Effective Time, the
stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there shall
be no further registration of transfers of Shares on the records of the Company.
From and after the Effective Time, the holders of Shares outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such
Shares except as otherwise provided herein or by applicable law.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
---------------------------------------------
Subject to such exceptions as are specifically disclosed in an
appropriately-referenced section of the Disclosure Schedule (the "Disclosure
----------
Schedule") that has been prepared by the Company and delivered to Parent and
--------
Purchaser prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement (subject to
Section 10.11), As an inducement to Parent and the Purchaser to enter into this
-------------
Agreement, the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Purchaser
that:
SECTION 4.01 Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries. (a) Each of
--------------------------------------------
the Company and each subsidiary of the Company ("Subsidiary") is a corporation
----------
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its incorporation and has the requisite corporate power and
authority and all necessary governmental approvals to own, lease and operate its
properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted. The
Company and each Subsidiary is duly qualified or licensed as a foreign
corporation to do business, and is in good standing, in each jurisdiction where
the character of the properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of
its business makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except for such
failures to be so qualified or licensed and in good standing that would not
prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise
prevent or materially delay the Company from performing its obligations under
this Agreement and would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect.
(b) A true and complete list of all the Subsidiaries, together with
the jurisdiction of incorporation of each Subsidiary and the percentage of the
outstanding capital stock of each Subsidiary owned by the Company and each other
Subsidiary, is set forth in Section 4.01(b) of the Disclosure Schedule. Except
---------------
as disclosed in Section 4.01(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company does not
---------------
directly or indirectly own any equity or
14
<PAGE>
similar interest in, or any interest convertible into or exchangeable or
exercisable for any equity or similar interest in, any corporation, partnership,
joint venture or other business association or entity.
SECTION 4.02 Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws. The Company has
----------------------------------------
heretofore furnished to Parent a complete and correct copy of the Certificate of
Incorporation and the By-laws or equivalent organizational documents, each as
amended to date, of the Company and each Subsidiary. Such Certificates of
Incorporation, By-laws or equivalent organizational documents are in full force
and effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of any of the
provisions of its Certificate of Incorporation, By-laws or equivalent
organizational documents.
SECTION 4.03 Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the
--------------
Company consists of 100,000,000 Shares and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock
("Company Preferred Stock"). As of December 1, 2000, (a) 21,760,920 Shares are
-----------------------
issued and outstanding, all of which are validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable, (b) no Shares are held in the treasury of the Company, (c) no
Shares are held by the Subsidiaries, and (d) 4,426,623 Shares are reserved for
future issuance pursuant to outstanding employee stock options or stock
incentive rights granted pursuant to the Company Stock Option Plans. As of the
date hereof, no shares of Company Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding.
Except as set forth in this Section 4.03 or in Section 4.03 of the Disclosure
------------ ------------
Schedule and except as contemplated under the Stockholder Agreements, there are
no options, warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of
any character relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of the Company or
any Subsidiary or obligating the Company or any Subsidiary to issue or sell any
shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, the Company or any
Subsidiary. Section 4.03 of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth the following
------------
information with respect to each Company Stock Option outstanding on the date of
this Agreement: (i) the name and address of the option holder; (ii) the
particular plan pursuant to which such Company Stock Option was granted; (iii)
the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock
Option; (iv) the exercise price of such Company Stock Option; (v) the date on
which such Company Stock Option was granted; (vi) the applicable vesting
schedule; (vi) the date on which such Company Stock Option expires; and (vii)
whether the exercisability of such option will be accelerated in any way by the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement. All Shares subject to issuance as
aforesaid, upon issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the
instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, will be duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. There are no outstanding
contractual obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary to repurchase, redeem
or otherwise acquire any Shares or any capital stock of any Subsidiary or to
provide funds to, or make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital
contribution or otherwise) in, any Subsidiary or any other person. Each
outstanding share of capital stock of each Subsidiary is duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and each such share is owned by
the Company or another Subsidiary free and clear of all security interests,
liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements,
limitations on the Company's or any Subsidiary's voting rights, charges and
other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever.
SECTION 4.04 Authority Relative to this Agreement. The Company has all
------------------------------------
necessary power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform
its obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of
the Transactions have
15
<PAGE>
been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part
of the Company, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company
are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Transactions
(other than, with respect to the Merger, the approval and adoption of this
Agreement by the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding Shares, if and to
the extent required by applicable law, and the filing and recordation of
appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware Law). This Agreement has
been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due
authorization, execution and delivery by Parent and Purchaser, constitutes
legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the
Company in accordance with its terms.
SECTION 4.05 No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents. (a) The
-----------
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the
performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions by the
Company will not, except as set forth in Section 4.05(a) of the Disclosure
---------------
Schedule, (i) conflict with or violate the Certificate of Incorporation or By-
laws or equivalent organizational documents of the Company or any Subsidiary,
(ii) conflict with or violate any United States federal, state, county or local,
or, to the Company's knowledge, any foreign statute, law, ordinance, regulation,
rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order ("Law")
---
applicable to the Company or any Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of
the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) result in any
breach of or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of
time or both, would become a default) under, or give to others any right of
termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the
creation of a lien or other encumbrance on any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract,
agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation,
except, with respect to clauses (ii) and (iii), for any such conflicts,
violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences which would not prevent or
materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or
materially delay the Company from performing its obligations under this
Agreement and would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect.
(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do
not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Company will not, except as
set forth in Section 4.05(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, require any consent,
---------------
approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any
United States federal, state, county or local or, to the Company's knowledge,
any foreign government, governmental, regulatory or administrative authority,
agency, instrumentality or commission or any court, tribunal, or judicial or
arbitral body (a "Governmental Authority"), except (i) for applicable
----------------------
requirements, if any, of the Exchange Act, state securities or "blue sky" laws
("Blue Sky Laws") and state takeover laws, the pre-merger notification
-------------
requirements of the HSR Act and the termination of the waiting periods
thereunder, and filing and recordation of appropriate merger documents as
required by Delaware Law and (ii) where the failure to obtain such consents,
approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications,
would not prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger,
or otherwise prevent or materially delay the Company from performing its
obligations under this Agreement, and would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
16
<PAGE>
SECTION 4.06 Permits; Compliance. Except as set forth in Section 4.06
------------------- ------------
of the Disclosure Schedule, each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is in
possession of all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits,
easements, variances, exceptions, consents, certificates, approvals and orders
of any Governmental Authority necessary for each of the Company or the
Subsidiaries to own, lease and operate its properties or to carry on its
business as it is now being conducted (the "Permits"), except where the failure
-------
to have, or the suspension or cancellation of, any of the Permits would not
prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise
prevent or materially delay the Company from performing its obligations under
this Agreement and would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in Section 4.06 of the Disclosure Schedule,
------------
as of the date hereof, no suspension or cancellation of any of the Permits is
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, except where the
failure to have, or the suspension or cancellation of, any of the Permits would
not prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or
otherwise prevent or materially delay the Company from performing its
obligations under this Agreement and would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in Section 4.06
------------
of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
conflict with, or in default, breach or violation of, (a) any Law applicable to
the Company or any Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (b) any note, bond, mortgage,
indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, Permit, franchise or other
instrument or obligation to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by
which the Company or any Subsidiary or any property or asset of the Company or
any Subsidiary is bound, except for any such conflicts, defaults, breaches or
violations that would not prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer
or the Merger or otherwise prevent or materially delay the Company from
performing its obligations under this Agreement and would not, individually or
in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 4.07 SEC Filings; Financial Statements. (a) The Company has
---------------------------------
filed all forms, reports and documents required to be filed by it with the SEC
on and since June 22, 1999 , including (i) its Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999, (ii) its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q
for the periods ended March 31, 2000, June 30, 2000 and September 30, 2000,
(iii) all proxy statements relating to the Company's meetings of stockholders
(whether annual or special) held since June 22, 1999 and (iv) all other forms,
reports and other registration statements (other than Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q not referred to in clause (ii) above) filed by the Company with the SEC on
or since June 22, 1999 (the forms, reports and other documents referred to in
clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) above being, collectively, the "SEC Reports").
-----------
The SEC Reports (i) were prepared in accordance with either the requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or the Exchange
--------------
Act, as the case may be, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder,
and (ii) did not, at the time they were filed, or, if amended, as of the date of
such amendment, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading. No Subsidiary is required to file any form, report or
other document with the SEC.
(b) Each of the consolidated financial statements (including, in each
case, any notes thereto) contained in the SEC Reports was prepared in accordance
with United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") applied on
----
a consistent basis throughout the
17
<PAGE>
periods indicated (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto, or in the
case of unaudited interim financial statements, as may be permitted by the SEC
on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act) and each fairly presents, in all material
respects, the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash
flows of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the respective
dates thereof and for the respective periods indicated therein (subject, in the
case of the unaudited interim financial statements to normal year-end
adjustments, that have not been and are not expected to be material in amount).
(c) Except as and to the extent set forth on the consolidated balance
sheet of the Company and the consolidated Subsidiaries as at September 30, 2000,
including the notes thereto (the "September Balance Sheet"), neither the Company
-----------------------
nor any Subsidiary has any liability or obligation of any nature (whether
accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise), except for liabilities and
obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice since September 30, 2000, and which would not prevent or materially
delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or materially
delay the Company from performing its obligations under this Agreement and would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(d) The Company has heretofore furnished to Parent complete and
correct copies of all amendments and modifications that have not been filed by
the Company with the SEC to all agreements, documents and other instruments that
previously had been filed by the Company with the SEC and are currently in
effect.
SECTION 4.08 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Since September 30,
------------------------------------
2000, except as set forth in Section 4.08 of the Disclosure Schedule, or as
------------
expressly contemplated by this Agreement, (a) the Company and the Subsidiaries
have conducted their businesses only in the ordinary course and in a manner
consistent with past practice, (b) there has not been any Material Adverse
Effect, and (c) none of the Company or any Subsidiary has taken any action that,
if taken after the date of this Agreement, would constitute a breach of any of
the covenants set forth in Section 6.01.
------------
SECTION 4.09 Absence of Litigation. Except as set forth in Section
--------------------- -------
4.09 of the Disclosure Schedule, there is no litigation, suit, claim, action,
----
proceeding or investigation (an "Action") pending or, to the knowledge of the
------
Company, threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary, or any property or
asset of the Company or any Subsidiary, before any Governmental Authority that
(a) would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect or
(b) seeks to materially delay or prevent the consummation of any Transaction.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary is subject to any continuing order of, consent decree,
settlement agreement or similar written agreement with, or, to the knowledge of
the Company, continuing investigation by, any Governmental Authority, or any
order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any
Governmental Authority that would prevent or materially delay consummation of
the Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or materially delay the Company
from performing its obligations under this Agreement or would have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
18
<PAGE>
SECTION 4.10 Employee Benefit Plans. (a) Section 4.10(a) of the
---------------------- ---------------
Disclosure Schedule lists (i) all employee benefit plans (as defined in Section
3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
("ERISA")) and all bonus, stock option, stock purchase, restricted stock,
-----
incentive, deferred compensation, retiree medical or life insurance,
supplemental retirement, severance or other benefit plans, programs or
arrangements, and all employment, termination, severance or other contracts or
agreements, whether legally enforceable or not, to which the Company or any
Subsidiary is a party, with respect to which the Company or any Subsidiary has
any obligation or which are maintained, contributed to or sponsored by the
Company or any Subsidiary for the benefit of any current or former employee,
officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiary, (ii) each employee benefit
plan for which the Company or any Subsidiary could incur liability under Section
4069 of ERISA in the event such plan has been or were to be terminated, (iii)
any plan in respect of which the Company or any Subsidiary could incur liability
under Section 4212(c) of ERISA, and (iv) any contracts, arrangements or
understandings between the Company or any Subsidiary and any employee of the
Company or any Subsidiary including, without limitation, any contracts,
arrangements or understandings relating in any way to a sale of the Company or
any Subsidiary (collectively, the "Plans"). Each Plan is in writing and the
-----
Company has furnished to Purchaser a true and complete copy of each Plan and has
delivered to Purchaser a true and complete copy of each material document, if
any, prepared in connection with each such Plan, including, without limitation,
(i) a copy of each trust or other funding arrangement, (ii) each summary plan
description and summary of material modifications, (iii) the most recently filed
Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") Form 5500, (iv) the most recently received IRS
---
determination letter for each such Plan, and (v) the most recently prepared
actuarial report and financial statement in connection with each such Plan.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any express or implied commitment,
whether legally enforceable or not, (i) to create, incur liability with respect
to or cause to exist any other employee benefit plan, program or arrangement,
(ii) to enter into any contract or agreement to provide compensation or benefits
to any individual, or (iii) to modify, change or terminate any Plan, other than
with respect to a modification, change or termination required by ERISA or the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code").
----
(b) None of the Plans is a multiemployer plan (within the meaning of
Section 3(37) or 4001(a)(3) of ERISA) (a "Multiemployer Plan") or a single
------------------
employer pension plan (within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA) for
which the Company or any Subsidiary could incur liability under Section 4063 or
4064 of ERISA (a "Multiple Employer Plan"). None of the Plans provides for or
----------------------
promises retiree medical, disability or life insurance benefits to any current
or former employee, officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiary (other
than as required under Section 4980B of the Code or Part 6 of Subtitle B of
Title I of ERISA or similar state law).
(c) Each Plan is now and always has been operated in all material
respects in accordance with its terms and the requirements of all applicable
Laws including, without limitation, ERISA and the Code. The Company and the
Subsidiaries have performed all material obligations required to be performed by
them under, are not in any material respect in default under or in violation of,
and have no knowledge of any default or violation by any party to, any Plan. No
Action is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened with respect
to any Plan (other than claims for benefits in the ordinary course) and no fact
or event exists that could reasonably be expected to give rise to any such
Action.
19
<PAGE>
(d) Each Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of
the Code or Section 401(k) of the Code has timely received a favorable
determination letter from the IRS covering all of the provisions applicable to
the Plan for which determination letters are currently available that the Plan
is so qualified and each trust established in connection with any Plan which is
intended to be exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501(a) of the
Code has received a determination letter from the IRS that it is so exempt, or
there is time remaining in which to apply for such favorable determination
letter within the remedial amendment period under Code Section 401(b) and the
IRS regulations and pronouncements thereunder, or the Company may rely on an
opinion letter issued with respect to a standardized prototype plan adopted in
accordance with the procedures for such reliance, and to the knowledge of the
Company no fact or event has occurred since the date of such determination
letter or letters from the IRS to adversely affect the qualified status of any
such Plan or the exempt status of any such trust.
(e) There has not been any prohibited transaction (within the meaning
of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and not exempt under Section
408 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) with respect to any Plan. Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary has incurred any liability under, arising out of or
by operation of Title IV of ERISA (other than liability for premiums to the
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation arising in the ordinary course), including,
without limitation, any liability in connection with (i) the termination or
reorganization of any employee benefit plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, or
(ii) the withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan or Multiple Employer Plan, and
no fact or event exists which could reasonably be expected to give rise to any
such liability. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has incurred any
liability for any penalty or tax arising under Section 4971, 4972, 4980, 4980B
or 6652 of the Code or any liability under Section 502 of ERISA, and no fact or
event exists that could give rise to any such liability. No complete or partial
termination has occurred within the five-years preceding the date hereof with
respect to any Plan. None of the assets of the Company or any Subsidiary is the
subject of any lien arising under Section 302(f) of ERISA or Section 412(n) of
the Code. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has been required to post any
security under Section 307 of ERISA or Section 401(a)(29) of the Code. No fact
or event exists that could give rise to such lien or requirement to post any
such security.
(f) All contributions, premiums or payments required to be made with
respect to any Plan have been made on or before their due dates. Except as set
forth in Section 4.10(f) of the Disclosure Schedule, all such contributions
---------------
(other than excess contributions distributed pursuant to Code Section 401(k)(8)
or excess aggregate contributions distributed pursuant to Code Section
401(m)(6)) have been fully deducted for income tax purposes and no such
deduction has been challenged or disallowed by any Governmental Authority and no
fact or event exists which could reasonably be expected to give rise to any such
challenge or disallowance
(g) Except as set forth in Section 4.10(g) at the Disclosure Schedule,
---------------
all directors, officers, management employees, and technical and professional
employees of the Company and the Subsidiaries are under written obligation to
the Company and the Subsidiaries to maintain in confidence all confidential or
proprietary information acquired by them in the course of their employment and
to assign to the Company and the Subsidiaries all inventions
20
<PAGE>
made by them within the scope of their employment during such employment and for
a reasonable period thereafter.
(h) In addition to the foregoing, with respect to each Plan that is
not subject to United States law (a "Non-U.S. Benefit Plan"):
---------------------
(i) all employer and employee contributions to each Non-U.S. Benefit
Plan required by law or by the terms of such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan have
been made, or, if applicable, accrued in accordance with normal accounting
practices, and a pro rata contribution for the period prior to and
--- ----
including the date of this Agreement has been made or accrued;
(ii) the fair market value of the assets of each funded Non-U.S.
Benefit Plan, the liability of each insurer for any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
funded through insurance or the book reserve established for any Non-U.S.
Benefit Plan, together with any accrued contributions, is sufficient to
procure or provide for the benefits determined on any ongoing basis (actual
or contingent) accrued to the date of this Agreement with respect to all
current and former participants under such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan according
to the actuarial assumptions and valuations most recently used to determine
employer contributions to such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, and no Transaction
shall cause such assets or insurance obligations to be less than such
benefit obligations; and
(iii) each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan required to be registered has been
registered and has been maintained in good standing with applicable
regulatory authorities. Each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan is now and always has
been operated in full compliance with all applicable non-United States
laws.
(i) Except as set forth in Section 4.10(i) of the Disclosure Schedule,
---------------
the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not,
either alone or in combination with another event, (i) entitle any current or
former employee, officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiary to
severance pay, unemployment compensation or any other payment, (ii) accelerate
the time of payment or vesting, or increase the amount of compensation due any
such employee, officer or director (except as required under Code Section
411(d)(3)), or (iii) fail to be deductible for federal income tax purposes by
virtue of Section 280G of the Code.
SECTION 4.11 Labor and Employment Matters. (a) Except as set forth in
----------------------------
Section 4.11 of the Disclosure Schedule, (a) there are no controversies pending
------------
or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened between the Company or any
Subsidiary and any of their respective employees; (b) neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or other labor
union contract applicable to persons employed by the Company or any Subsidiary,
nor, to the knowledge of the Company, are there any activities or proceedings of
any labor union to organize any such employees; (c) neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has in any material respect breached or otherwise failed to comply
with any provision of any such agreement or contract, and there are no
grievances outstanding against the Company or any Subsidiary under any such
agreement or contract; (d) there are no unfair labor practice complaints pending
against the Company or any Subsidiary before the National Labor Relations Board
or any current union representation questions involving employees of the
21
<PAGE>
Company or any Subsidiary; and (e) there is no strike, slowdown, work stoppage
or lockout, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threat thereof, by or with
respect to any employees of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(b) The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with all
applicable laws relating to the employment of labor, including those related to
wages, hours, immigration and naturalization, collective bargaining and the
payment and withholding of taxes and other sums as required by the appropriate
Governmental Authority and has withheld and paid to the appropriate Governmental
Authority or are holding for payment not yet due to such Governmental Authority
all amounts required to be withheld from employees of the Company or any
Subsidiary and are not liable for any arrears of wages, taxes, penalties or
other sums for failure to comply with any of the foregoing. The Company and the
Subsidiaries have paid in full to all employees or adequately accrued for in
accordance with GAAP consistently applied all wages, salaries, commissions,
bonuses, benefits and other compensation due to or on behalf of such employees
and there is no claim with respect to payment of wages, salary or overtime pay
that has been asserted or is now pending or threatened before any Governmental
Authority with respect to any persons currently or formerly employed by the
Company or any Subsidiary. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is a party
to, or otherwise bound by, any consent decree with, or citation by, any
Governmental Authority relating to employees or employment practices. There is
no charge or proceeding with respect to a violation of any occupational safety
or health standards that has been asserted or is now pending or threatened with
respect to the Company. There is no charge of discrimination in employment or
employment practices, for any reason, including, without limitation, age,
gender, race, religion or other legally protected category, which has been
asserted or is now pending or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened before the
United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or any other Governmental
Authority in any jurisdiction in which the Company or any Subsidiary have
employed or employ any person.
SECTION 4.12 Offer Documents; Schedule 14D-9; Proxy Statement. Neither
------------------------------------------------
the Schedule 14D-9 nor any information supplied by the Company for inclusion in
the Offer Documents shall, at the times the Schedule 14D-9, the Offer Documents
or any amendments or supplements thereto are filed with the SEC or are first
published, sent or given to stockholders of the Company, as the case may be,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
The Schedule 14D-9 shall comply in all material respects as to form with the
requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
SECTION 4.13 Property and Leases. (a) The Company and the Subsidiaries
-------------------
have sufficient title to all their properties and assets to conduct their
respective businesses as currently conducted or as contemplated to be conducted,
with only such exceptions as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Section 4.13(b) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true
---------------
and complete list of all real property owned or leased by the Company or any
Subsidiary. Each parcel of real property owned or leased by the Company or any
Subsidiary (i) is owned or leased free and clear of all mortgages, pledges,
liens, security interests, conditional and installment sale agreements,
22
<PAGE>
encumbrances, charges or other claims of third parties of any kind, including,
without limitation, any easement, right of way or other encumbrance to title, or
any option, right of first refusal, or right of first offer (collectively,
"Liens"), other than (A) Liens for current taxes and assessments not yet past
------
due, (B) inchoate mechanics' and materialmen's Liens for construction in
progress, (C) workmen's, repairmen's, warehousemen's and carriers' Liens arising
in the ordinary course of business of the Company or such Subsidiary consistent
with past practice, and (D) all matters of record, Liens and other imperfections
of title and encumbrances that, individually or in the aggregate, would not,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect (collectively,
"Permitted Liens"), and (ii) is neither subject to any governmental decree or
----------------
order to be sold nor is being condemned, expropriated or otherwise taken by any
public authority with or without payment of compensation therefor, nor, to the
knowledge of the Company, has any such condemnation, expropriation or taking
been proposed.
(c) All leases of real property leased for the use or benefit of the
Company or any Subsidiary to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party, and
all amendments and modifications thereto, are in full force and effect and have
not been modified or amended, and there exists no default under any such lease
by the Company or any Subsidiary, nor any event which, with notice or lapse of
time or both, would constitute a default thereunder by the Company or any
Subsidiary, except as would not prevent or materially delay consummation of the
Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or materially delay the Company from
performing its obligations under this Agreement and would not, individually or
in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(d) There are no contractual or legal restrictions that preclude or
restrict the ability to use any real property owned or leased by the Company or
any Subsidiary for the purposes for which it is currently being used. There are
no material latent defects or material adverse physical conditions affecting the
real property, and improvements thereon, owned or leased by the Company or any
Subsidiary other than those that would not prevent or materially delay
consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or materially delay
the Company from performing its obligations under this Agreement and would not,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 4.14 Intellectual Property. (a) Section 4.14(a)(i) of the
--------------------- ------------------
Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of: (i) all U.S. and
foreign patents and patent applications; (ii) all trademark, servicemark, trade
name, brand name or the like, whether registered or unregistered (collectively,
"Proprietary Names"), and registrations and applications for registration of
-----------------
such Proprietary Names in all countries of the world; (iii) all copyright
registrations and applications for registration of copyrights; (iv) all domain
names and applications for registration of domain names; (v) all Company
Software; (vi) all other Intellectual Property included in the Company Owned
Intellectual Property and Company Licensed Intellectual Property; and (vii) all
Licenses (other than licenses of commercial off-the-shelf or shrink-wrap
computer software), that are owned or controlled (in the sense of having the
right to license others) by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries. Section
-------
4.14(a)(ii) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all licenses,
-----------
commitments and other agreements relating to patents, patent applications,
inventions, know-how, technology, or the like that are material to the conduct
of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as currently conducted or
contemplated to be conducted), and a list of all licenses, leases, commitments
and other
23
<PAGE>
agreements relating to Proprietary Names, copyrights, domain names, Company
Software and other Intellectual Property that are material to the conduct of the
business of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as currently conducted or
contemplated to be conducted) to which the Company or a Subsidiary is a party or
by which the Company or any Subsidiary or any of their property is in any way
bound or affected.
(b) The operation of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries
as currently conducted or as contemplated to be conducted, the use of the
Company Owned Intellectual Property and Company Licensed Intellectual Property
in connection therewith and the transmission, use, linking and other practices
of the Company and the Subsidiaries related to their web sites, the content
thereof and the advertisements contained therein, do not conflict with,
infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate the Intellectual Property of any
third party, and no claim is pending or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened
against the Company or any Subsidiary alleging any of the foregoing. For the
conduct of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as presently
conducted and the continuation hereafter of such business as presently
conducted, no right, license, lease, consent, or other agreement is or will be
required with respect to any patent, invention, know-how, technology, or the
like, or any Proprietary Name, copyright, domain name, Company Software or other
Intellectual Property, other than those described in Section 4.14(a) of the
---------------
Disclosure Schedule. No infringement of any patents or proprietary rights or of
any Proprietary Name, copyright, domain name, Company Software or other
Intellectual Property has occurred or is involved in connection with the
business or operations of any person. No claim of infringement has been made to
the Company or any Subsidiary or implied to the Company or any Subsidiary, and,
to the Company's knowledge, there is no patent or proprietary rights or
Proprietary Name, copyright, domain name, Company Software or other Intellectual
Property of a third party that poses any such infringement issue. None of the
patents or patent applications listed in Section 4.14(a) of the Disclosure
---------------
Schedule is involved in any interference, reexamination, conflict or opposition
proceeding, and, to the Company's knowledge, there has been no threat or other
indication that any such proceeding will hereafter be commenced. None of the
Proprietary Names or registrations or applications to use or register such
Proprietary Names listed in Section 4.14(a) of the Disclosure Schedule is
---------------
involved in any opposition, cancellation, nullification, interference, conflict
or concurrent use proceeding, and, to the Company's knowledge, there has been no
threat or other indication that any such proceeding will hereafter be commenced.
(c) The Company or a Subsidiary is the exclusive owner of the entire
and unencumbered right, title and interest in and to each item of the Company
Owned Intellectual Property, and is entitled to use the Company Owned
Intellectual Property and Company Licensed Intellectual Property in the ordinary
course of its business as presently conducted or as contemplated to be
conducted, subject only to the terms of the Licenses.
(d) The Company Owned Intellectual Property and Company Licensed
Intellectual Property include all of the Intellectual Property used in the
ordinary day-to-day conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
and there are no other items of Intellectual Property that are material to such
ordinary day-to-day conduct of such business. The Company Owned Intellectual
Property and, to the knowledge of the Company, the Company Licensed Intellectual
Property are all without challenge of any kind, and are valid and enforceable,
and have not been adjudged invalid or unenforceable in whole or part.
24
<PAGE>
(e) No legal proceedings have been asserted, are pending, or, to the
Company's knowledge, threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary (i) based
upon or challenging or seeking to deny or restrict the use by the Company or any
Subsidiary of any of the Company Owned Intellectual Property or Company Licensed
Intellectual Property, (ii) alleging that any services provided by, processes
used by, or products manufactured or sold by the Company or any Subsidiary
infringe or misappropriate any Intellectual Property right of any third party,
or (iii) alleging that the Licenses being licensed are in conflict with the
terms of any license or other agreement.
(f) To the Company's knowledge, no person is engaging in any activity
that infringes or misappropriates the Company Owned Intellectual Property or
Company Licensed Intellectual Property. Except as set forth in Section 4.14 of
------------
the Disclosure Schedule and except for the non-exclusive licenses granted to the
Company's customers in the ordinary course of its business, neither the Company
nor any Subsidiary has granted any license or other right to any third party
with respect to the Company Owned Intellectual Property or Company Licensed
Intellectual Property. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement will not result in the termination or impairment of any of the
Company Owned Intellectual Property or Company Licensed Intellectual Property.
(g) The Company has delivered or made available to Parent true and
correct and complete copies of patents, patent applications, license commitments
and other agreements listed or described in the Disclosure Schedule and all
applications and registrations for Proprietary Names and copyrights, licenses,
leases, commitments and other agreements listed or described in Section 4.14 of
------------
the Disclosure Schedule, other than licenses of commercial off-the-shelf or
shrink-wrap computer software. With respect to each such agreement:
(i) Each such agreement is valid and binding and in full force and
effect and represents the entire agreement between the respective parties
with respect to the subject matter of such agreement. There are no
defaults under each such agreement that will result in payments by the
Company or any Subsidiary. To the Company's knowledge, no party to any
such agreement has threatened to terminate such agreement on account of any
breach (actual or alleged);
(ii) such agreement will not cease to be valid and binding and in full
force and effect on terms identical to those currently in effect as a
result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, nor will the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement constitute a breach or default under such agreement or
otherwise give the other party to such agreement a right to terminate such
agreement. Each such agreement will be enforceable by the Parent after the
Closing without the consent or agreement of any other person, except
consents and agreements described in Section 4.14 of the Disclosure
------------
Schedule;
(iii) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has (A) received any
notice of termination or cancellation under such agreement, (B) received
any notice of breach or default under such agreement, which breach has not
been cured, and (C) granted to any other third party any rights, adverse or
otherwise, under such agreement that would constitute a breach of such
agreement; and
25
<PAGE>
(iv) none of the Company, the Subsidiaries and, to the Company's
knowledge, any other party to such agreement, are in breach or default
thereof in any material respect, and no event has occurred that, with
notice or lapse of time, would constitute such a breach or default or
permit termination, modification or acceleration under such agreement.
(h) To the knowledge of the Company, the Company Software is free of
all viruses, worms, trojan horses and other material known contaminants, and
does not contain any bugs, errors, or problems of a material nature that
materially disrupt its operation or have a material adverse impact on the
operation of other software programs or operating systems other than as
documented in the product release notes for such Company Software. The Company
has obtained all approvals necessary for exporting the Company Software outside
the United States to any country in which the Company Software is currently sold
or licensed for use and importing the Company Software into any country in which
the Company Software is now sold or licensed for use, and all such export and
import approvals in the United States and throughout the world are valid,
current, outstanding and in full force and effect. No rights in the Company
Software have been transferred to any third party except to the customers of the
Company to whom the Company has licensed such Company Software in the ordinary
course of business and to resellers or distributors of the Company for the
purpose of reselling or distributing the Company Software.
(i) The Company and the Subsidiaries have the right to use all
software development tools, library functions, compilers and other third party
software that are material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries,
or that are currently used in the operation or modification of the Company
Software.
(j) The Company and the Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps in
accordance with normal industry practice to maintain the confidentiality of
their trade secrets and other confidential Intellectual Property. To the
knowledge of the Company, (i) there has been no misappropriation of any material
trade secrets or other material confidential Intellectual Property of the
Company or the Subsidiaries by any person, (ii) no employee, independent
contractor or agent of the Company or any Subsidiary has misappropriated any
trade secrets of any other person in the course of such performance as an
employee, independent contractor or agent, and (iii) no employee, independent
contractor or agent of the Company or any Subsidiary is in default or breach of
any term of any employment agreement, non-disclosure agreement, assignment of
invention agreement or similar agreement or contract relating in any way to the
protection, ownership, development, use or transfer of Intellectual Property.
(k) Each current and former employee and consultant of the Company and
the Subsidiaries has executed an agreement with the Company or a Subsidiary
regarding confidentiality and proprietary information substantially in the form
or forms attached as Section 4.14(j)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule. Neither the
------------------
Company nor any Subsidiary is aware that any of its employees or consultants is
in violation thereof. All vendors of the Company and the Subsidiaries with
access to confidential information of the Company or a Subsidiary are parties to
written agreements substantially in the form attached to Section 4.14(j)(ii) of
-------------------
the Disclosure Schedule, or a substantially similar form supplied by such
vendor, under which, among other things, each such consultant or vendor is
obligated to maintain the confidentiality of
26
<PAGE>
confidential information of the Company and the Subsidiaries. Neither the
Company nor the Subsidiary is aware that any of its consultants or vendors are
in violation thereof.
SECTION 4.15 Taxes. The Company and the Subsidiaries have filed all
-----
United States federal, state, local and non-United States Tax returns and
reports required to be filed by them and have paid and discharged all Taxes
required to be paid or discharged, other than (a) such payments as are being
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (b) such amounts as may be
adequately reserved for on the September Balance Sheet, and (c) such filings,
payments or other occurrences that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the IRS nor any other United States or
non-United States taxing authority or agency is now asserting or, to the
knowledge of the Company, threatening to assert against the Company or any
Subsidiary any deficiency or claim for any Taxes or interest thereon or
penalties in connection therewith. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has
granted any waiver of any statute of limitations with respect to, or any
extension of a period for the assessment of any Tax. The accruals and reserves
for Taxes reflected in the September Balance Sheet are adequate to cover all
Taxes accruable through such date (including interest and penalties, if any,
thereon) in accordance with GAAP. There are no Tax liens upon any property or
assets of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries except liens for current Taxes
not yet due. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has been required
to include in income any adjustment pursuant to Section 481 of the Code by
reason of a voluntary change in accounting method initiated by the Company or
any of the Subsidiaries, and the IRS has not initiated or proposed any such
adjustment or change in accounting method, in either case which adjustment or
change would have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in the
financial statements described in Section 4.07, neither the Company nor any of
------------
the Subsidiaries has entered into a transaction which is being accounted for
under the installment method of Section 453 of the Code, which would prevent or
materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or
materially delay the Company from performing its obligations under this
Agreement or would have a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 4.16 Environmental Matters. Except as described in Section
--------------------- -------
4.16 of the Disclosure Schedule or as would not prevent or materially delay
----
consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise prevent or materially delay
the Company from performing its obligations under this Agreement and would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, (a) the
Company has not violated and is not in violation of any Environmental Law; (b)
to the Company's knowledge, none of the properties currently or formerly owned,
leased or operated by the Company (including, without limitation, soils and
surface and ground waters) are contaminated with any Hazardous Substance; (c) to
the Company's knowledge, the Company is not actually, potentially or allegedly
liable for any off-site contamination by Hazardous Substances; (d) the Company
is not actually, potentially or allegedly liable under any Environmental Law
(including, without limitation, pending or threatened liens); (e) the Company
has all permits, licenses and other authorizations required under any
Environmental Law ("Environmental Permits"); (f) the Company has always been and
---------------------
is in compliance with its Environmental Permits; and (g) to the Company's
knowledge, neither the execution of this Agreement nor the consummation of the
Transactions will require any investigation, remediation or other action with
respect to Hazardous Substances, or any notice to or consent of Governmental
Authorities or third parties, pursuant to any applicable Environmental Law or
Environmental Permit.
27
<PAGE>
SECTION 4.17 No Rights Agreements. The Company has not adopted any
--------------------
stockholders' rights plan or comparable arrangement.
SECTION 4.18 Material Contracts. (a) Section 4.18(a) of the Disclosure
------------------ ---------------
Schedule contains a list of the following types of contracts, agreements and
arrangements, whether written, oral or otherwise, to which the Company or any
Subsidiary is a party (such contracts, agreements and arrangements as are
required to be set forth in Section 4.18(a) of the Disclosure Schedule being the
---------------
"Material Contracts"):
------------------
(i) each contract and agreement, whether or not made in the ordinary
course of business, that contemplates an exchange of consideration with an
aggregate value greater than $50,000;
(ii) all broker, exclusive dealing or exclusively, distributor,
dealer, manufacturer's representative, franchise, agency, sales promotion,
market research, marketing consulting and advertising contracts and
agreements to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or any other
contract that compensates any person based on any sales by the Company;
(iii) all leases and subleases of real property;
(iv) all draft, prospective or final term sheets, memoranda of
understanding, letters of intent or other similar agreements or
correspondence relating to (A) any pending or proposed sales, options or
grants of securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B)
prospective strategic alliances, joint ventures or other similar
relationships or transactions;
(v) all management contracts (excluding contracts for employment) and
contracts with other consultants, including any contracts involving the
payment of royalties or other amounts calculated based upon the revenues or
income of the Company or any Subsidiary or income or revenues related to
any product of the Company or any Subsidiary to which the Company or any
Subsidiary is a party;
(vi) all contracts and agreements evidencing indebtedness;
(vii) all contracts and agreements with any Governmental Authority to
which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party;
(viii) all contracts and agreements that limit, or purport to limit,
the ability of the Company or any Subsidiary to compete in any line of
business or with any person or entity or in any geographic area or during
any period of time;
(ix) all material contracts or arrangements that result in any person
or entity holding a power of attorney from the Company or any Subsidiary
that relates to the Company, any Subsidiary or their respective businesses;
(x) all contracts pursuant to which the Company or any Subsidiary
obtains from any third party any rights to use Company Licensed
Intellectual Property or the
28
<PAGE>
right to manufacture, distribute or sell any product of the Company or such
third party that, in either case, is material to the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
(xi) all contracts pursuant to which the Company or any Subsidiary
grants to any third party any rights to use Company Owned Intellectual
Property or the right to manufacture, distribute or sell any product of the
Company or such third party; and
(xii) all other contracts and agreements, whether or not made in the
ordinary course of business, which are material to the Company or any
Subsidiary or the conduct of their respective businesses, or the absence of
which would prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer or the
Merger or otherwise prevent or materially delay the Company from performing
its obligations under this Agreement or would, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 4.18(b) of the Disclosure Schedule,
---------------
(i) each Material Contract is a legal, valid and binding agreement, and none of
the Material Contracts is in default by its terms or has been canceled by the
other party; (ii) to the Company's knowledge, no other party is in material
breach or violation of, or material default under, any Material Contract; (iii)
the Company and the Subsidiaries are not in receipt of any claim of default
under any such agreement; and (iv) neither the execution of this Agreement nor
the consummation of any Transaction shall constitute default, give rise to
cancellation rights, or otherwise adversely affect any of the Company's rights
under any Material Contract. The Company has furnished or made available to
Parent true and complete copies of all Material Contracts, including any
amendments thereto.
(c) With respect to those contracts, agreements and arrangements set
forth in Section 4.18(c) of the Disclosure Schedule (collectively, the
---------------
"Specified Contracts"), neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has agreed,
--------------------
orally or in writing, to any modification, amendment or addition to the
Specified Contracts and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has entered into
any additional contract, agreement or arrangement, whether oral or written, with
any party to a Specified Contract, the subject matter of which is substantially
similar to such Specified Contract.
(d) With respect to any person set forth in Section 4.18(d) of the
---------------
Disclosure Schedule (each a "Specified Person" and collectively, the "Specified
---------------- ---------
Persons"), neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has agreed, whether orally, in
-------
writing or otherwise, to any agreement, commitment, contract, obligation or
arrangement with any Specified Person.
SECTION 4.19 Insurance. (a) Section 4.19(a) of the Disclosure Schedule
--------- ---------------
sets forth, with respect to each insurance policy under which the Company or any
Subsidiary has been an insured, a named insured or otherwise the principal
beneficiary of coverage at any time within the past three years, (i) the names
of the insurer, the principal insured and each named insured, (ii) the policy
number, (iii) the period, scope and amount of coverage and (iv) the premium
charged. The types and amounts of coverage provided therein are usual and
customary in the context of the businesses and operations in which the Company
and the Subsidiaries are engaged.
29
<PAGE>
(b) With respect to each such insurance policy: (i) the policy is
legal, valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with its terms and, except
for policies that have expired under their terms in the ordinary course, is in
full force and effect; (ii) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
material breach or default (including any such material breach or default with
respect to the payment of premiums or the giving of notice), and no event has
occurred which, with notice or the lapse of time, would constitute such a breach
or default, or permit termination or modification, under the policy; and (iii)
to the knowledge of the Company, no insurer on the policy has been declared
insolvent or placed in receivership, conservatorship or liquidation.
(c) At no time subsequent to December 31, 1998 has the Company or any
Subsidiary (i) been denied any insurance or indemnity bond coverage which it has
requested, (ii) made any material reduction in the scope or amount of its
insurance coverage, or (iii) received notice from any of its insurance carriers
that any insurance premiums will be subject to increase in an amount materially
disproportionate to the amount of the increases with respect thereto (or with
respect to similar insurance) in prior years or that any insurance coverage
listed in Section 3.20(a) of the Disclosure Schedule will not be available in
---------------
the future substantially on the same terms as are now in effect.
(d) The current annual premium paid by the Company for its directors'
and officers' liability insurance policies as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time (the "Existing D&O Policies") is $294,547.50.
---------------------
SECTION 4.20 Customers and Suppliers. As of the date hereof, no
-----------------------
customer that individually accounted for more than two percent of the
Company's consolidated gross revenues during the 12-month period preceding the
date hereof, and no material supplier of the Company and its Subsidiaries, has
cancelled or otherwise terminated any contract with the Company or any
Subsidiary prior to the expiration of the contract term, or, to the Company's
knowledge, has threatened to cancel or otherwise terminate its relationship
with the Company or its Subsidiaries or to substantially reduce its purchase
from or sale to the Company or any Subsidiary of any products, equipment,
goods or services. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has (i) breached any
agreement with or (ii) engaged in any fraudulent conduct with respect to, any
such customer or supplier of the Company or a Subsidiary.
SECTION 4.21 Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker
-------
(other than Broadview) is entitled to any brokerage, finder's or other fee or
commission in connection with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by
or on behalf of the Company. The Company has heretofore furnished to Parent a
complete and correct copy of all agreements between the Company and Broadview
pursuant to which such firm would be entitled to any payment relating to the
Transactions.
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER
------------------------------------------------------
As an inducement to the Company to enter into this Agreement, Parent
and Purchaser hereby, jointly and severally, represent and warrant to the
Company that:
30
<PAGE>
SECTION 5.01 Corporate Organization. Each of Parent and Purchaser
----------------------
is a company duly organized and validly existing under the laws of its
jurisdiction of its incorporation and has the requisite corporate power and
authority and all necessary governmental approvals to own, lease and operate
its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted,
except where the failure to be so organized or existing or to have such power,
authority and governmental approvals would not prevent or materially delay
consummation of the Transactions, or otherwise prevent Parent or Purchaser
from performing its material obligations under this Agreement. Purchaser was
formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated
hereby and has not engaged in any business activities or conducted any
operations other than in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
All the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Purchaser are owned
of record and beneficially by Parent.
SECTION 5.02 Authority Relative to This Agreement. Each of Parent
------------------------------------
and Purchaser has full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver
this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the
Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and
Purchaser and the consummation by Parent and Purchaser of the Transactions
have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and
no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent or Purchaser are
necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Transactions (other
than, with respect to the Merger, the filing and recordation of appropriate
merger documents as required by Delaware Law). This Agreement has been duly
and validly executed and delivered by Parent and Purchaser and, assuming due
authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, constitutes legal, valid
and binding obligation of each of Parent and Purchaser enforceable against
each of Parent and Purchaser in accordance with its terms.
SECTION 5.03 No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents. (a) The
------------------------------------------
execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Purchaser do not, and
the performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions by
Parent and Purchaser will not, (i) conflict with or violate the organizational
documents of either Parent or Purchaser, (ii) assuming that all consents,
approvals, authorizations and other actions described in Section 5.03(b) have
---------------
been obtained and all filings and obligations described in Section 5.03(b)
---------------
have been made, conflict with or violate any law, rule, regulation, order,
judgment or decree applicable to Parent or Purchaser or by which any property
or asset of either of them is bound or affected, or (iii) result in any breach
of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time
or both, would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of
termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the
creation of a lien or other encumbrance on any property or asset of Parent or
Purchaser pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract,
agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation
to which Parent or Purchaser is a party or by which Parent or Purchaser or any
property or asset of either of them is bound or affected, except, with respect
to clauses (ii) and (iii), for any such conflicts, violations, breaches,
defaults or other occurrences which would not prevent or materially delay
consummation of the Transactions or otherwise prevent Parent and Purchaser
from performing their material obligations under this Agreement.
(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and
Purchaser do not, and the performance of this Agreement by Parent and Purchaser
will not, require any
31
<PAGE>
consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with, or notification
to, any Governmental Authority, except (i) for applicable requirements, if
any, of the Exchange Act, Blue Sky Laws and state takeover laws, the HSR Act
and the termination of the waiting periods thereunder, and filing and
recordation of appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware Law, and
(ii) where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or
permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or
materially delay consummation of the Transactions, or otherwise prevent Parent
or Purchaser from performing their material obligations under this Agreement.
SECTION 5.04 Financing. Parent has, or shall have, sufficient cash
---------
or cash-equivalent funds available to permit Purchaser to consummate all the
Transactions, including, without limitation, acquiring all the outstanding
Shares in the Offer and the Merger and to pay all related fees and expenses
incurred in connection with the Offer and the Merger.
SECTION 5.05 Offer Documents; Proxy Statement. The Offer Documents
--------------------------------
shall not, at the time the Offer Documents are filed with the SEC or are first
published, sent or given to stockholders of the Company, as the case may be,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading. The information supplied by Parent for inclusion in
the Proxy Statement shall not, at the date the Proxy Statement (or any
amendment or supplement thereto) is first mailed to stockholders of the
Company, at the time of the Stockholders' Meeting or at the Effective Time,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact, or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made,
not false or misleading, or necessary to correct any statement in any earlier
communication with respect to the solicitation of proxies for the
Stockholders' Meeting which shall have become false or misleading.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent and Purchaser make no representation or
warranty with respect to any information supplied by the Company or any of its
representatives for inclusion in any of the foregoing documents or the Offer
Documents. The Offer Documents shall comply in all material respects as to
form with the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder.
SECTION 5.06 Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker is
-------
entitled to any brokerage, finder's or other fee or commission in connection
with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent
or Purchaser.
ARTICLE VI
CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE MERGER
--------------------------------------
SECTION 6.01 Conduct of Business by the Company Pending the
----------------------------------------------
Merger. The Company agrees that, between the date of this Agreement and the
------
Cut-Off Date, unless Parent shall otherwise agree in writing, the businesses
of the Company and the Subsidiaries shall be conducted only in, and the
Company and the Subsidiaries shall not take any action except in, the ordinary
course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice; and the
Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to preserve substantially intact
the business organization of
32
<PAGE>
the Company and the Subsidiaries, to keep available the services of the
current officers, employees and consultants of the Company and the
Subsidiaries and to preserve the current relationships of the Company and the
Subsidiaries with customers, suppliers and other persons with which the
Company or any Subsidiary has significant business relations. By way of
amplification and not limitation, except as expressly contemplated by this
Agreement and Section 6.01 of the Disclosure Schedule or Section 7.16 of this
------------ ------------
Agreement, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall, between the date of
this Agreement and the Effective Time, directly or indirectly, do, or propose
to do, any of the following without the prior written consent of Parent:
(a) amend or otherwise change its Certificate of Incorporation or
By-laws or equivalent organizational documents;
(b) issue, sell, pledge, dispose of, grant, encumber, or authorize the
issuance, sale, pledge, disposition, grant or encumbrance of, (i) any shares of
any class of capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, or any options,
warrants, convertible securities or other rights of any kind to acquire any
shares of such capital stock, or any other ownership interest (including,
without limitation, any phantom interest), of the Company or any Subsidiary or
(ii) except in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with
past practice, any assets of the Company or any Subsidiary;
(c) declare, set aside, make or pay any dividend or other
distribution, payable in cash, stock, property or otherwise, with respect to any
of its capital stock;
(d) reclassify, combine, split, subdivide or redeem, or purchase or
otherwise acquire, directly or indirectly, any of its capital stock;
(e) (i) acquire (including, without limitation, by merger,
consolidation, or acquisition of stock or assets or any other business
combination) any corporation, partnership, other business organization or any
division thereof or any significant amount of assets; (ii) incur any
indebtedness for borrowed money or issue any debt securities or assume,
guarantee or endorse, or otherwise become responsible for, the obligations of
any person, or make any loans or advances, or grant any security interest in any
of its assets; (iii) enter into any contract or agreement other than in the
ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice; (iv) authorize,
or make any commitment with respect to capital expenditures which are, in the
aggregate, in excess of $100,000 for the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a
whole; or (v) enter into or amend any contract, agreement, commitment or
arrangement with respect to any matter set forth in this Section 6.01(e);
---------------
(f) hire additional employees or increase the compensation payable or
to become payable or the benefits provided to its directors, officers or
employees, except for increases in the ordinary course of business and
consistent with past practice in salaries, wages, bonuses, incentives or pension
benefits of employees of the Company or any Subsidiary who are not directors or
officers of the Company, or grant any severance or termination pay to, or enter
into any employment or severance agreement with, any director, officer or other
employee of the Company or of any Subsidiary, or establish, adopt, enter into or
amend any collective bargaining, bonus, profit-sharing, thrift, compensation,
stock option, restricted stock, pension, retirement, deferred compensation,
employment, termination, severance or other plan, agreement, trust,
33
<PAGE>
fund, policy or arrangement for the benefit of any director, officer or
employee, except for the stay put cash bonus payments to non-executive
employees approved by the Board on September 22, 2000 as described in Section
-------
6.01(f) of the Disclosure Schedule;
-------
(g) change any of the accounting methods used by it unless required
by GAAP;
(h) make any Tax election or settle or compromise any United States
federal, state, local or non-United States income Tax liability;
(i) pay, discharge or satisfy any claim, liability or obligation
(absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than
the payment, discharge or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business and
consistent with past practice, of liabilities reflected or reserved against in
the September Balance Sheet or subsequently incurred in the ordinary course of
business and consistent with past practice;
(j) amend, modify or consent to the termination of any Material
Contract, or amend, waive, modify or consent to the termination of the Company's
or any Subsidiary's rights thereunder;
(k) commence or settle any Action; or
(l) announce an intention, enter into any formal or informal agreement
or otherwise make a commitment, to do any of the foregoing.
ARTICLE VII
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
---------------------
SECTION 7.01 Stockholders' Meeting. (a) If required by applicable
---------------------
law in order to consummate the Merger, the Company, acting through the Board,
shall, in accordance with applicable law and the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation and By-laws, (i) duly call, give notice of, convene and hold an
annual or special meeting of its stockholders as promptly as practicable
following consummation of the Offer for the purpose of considering and taking
action on this Agreement and the Transactions (the "Stockholders' Meeting")
---------------------
and (ii) (A) include in the Proxy Statement, and not subsequently withdraw or
modify in any manner adverse to Purchaser or Parent, the unanimous
recommendation of the Board that the stockholders of the Company approve and
adopt this Agreement and the Transactions and (B) use its reasonable best
efforts to obtain such approval and adoption. At the Stockholders' Meeting,
Parent and Purchaser shall cause all Shares then owned by them and their
subsidiaries to be voted in favor of the approval and adoption of this
Agreement and the Transactions.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that Purchaser shall
acquire at least 90% of the then outstanding Shares, the parties shall take all
necessary and appropriate action to cause the Merger to become effective, in
accordance with Section 253 of Delaware Law, as promptly as reasonably
practicable after such acquisition, without a meeting of the stockholders of the
Company.
34
<PAGE>
SECTION 7.02 Proxy Statement. If approval of the Company's
---------------
stockholders is required by applicable law to consummate the Merger, promptly
following consummation of the Offer, the Company shall file the proxy statement
to be sent to the stockholders of the Company in connection with the
Stockholders' Meeting or the information statement to be sent to such
stockholders, as appropriate (such proxy statement or information statement, as
amended or supplemented, the "Proxy Statement") with the SEC under the Exchange
---------------
Act, and shall use its best efforts to have the Proxy Statement cleared by the
SEC promptly. Parent, Purchaser and the Company shall cooperate with each other
in the preparation of the Proxy Statement, and the Company shall notify Parent
of the receipt of any comments of the SEC with respect to the Proxy Statement
and of any requests by the SEC for any amendment or supplement thereto or for
additional information and shall provide to Parent promptly copies of all
correspondence between the Company or any representative of the Company and the
SEC. The Company shall give Parent and its counsel the opportunity to review the
Proxy Statement, including all amendments and supplements thereto, prior to its
being filed with the SEC and shall give Parent and its counsel the opportunity
to review all responses to requests for additional information and replies to
comments prior to their being filed with, or sent to, the SEC. Each of the
Company, Parent and Purchaser agrees to use its reasonable best efforts, after
consultation with the other parties hereto, to respond promptly to all such
comments of and requests by the SEC and to cause the Proxy Statement and all
required amendments and supplements thereto to be mailed to the holders of
Shares entitled to vote at the Stockholders' Meeting at the earliest practicable
time.
SECTION 7.03 Company Board Representation; Section 14(f). (a)
-------------------------------------------
Promptly upon the purchase by Purchaser of Shares pursuant to the Offer and
from time to time thereafter, Purchaser shall be entitled to designate up to
such number of directors, rounded up to the next whole number, on the Board as
shall give Purchaser representation on the Board equal to the product of the
total number of directors on the Board (giving effect to the directors elected
pursuant to this sentence) multiplied by the percentage that the aggregate
number of Shares beneficially owned by Purchaser or any affiliate of Purchaser
following such purchase bears to the total number of Shares then outstanding,
and the Company shall, at such time, promptly take all actions necessary to
cause Purchaser's designees to be elected as directors of the Company,
including increasing the size of the Board or securing the resignations of
incumbent directors, or both. At such times, the Company shall use its
reasonable best efforts to cause persons designated by Purchaser to constitute
the same percentage as persons designated by Purchaser shall constitute of the
Board of (i) each committee of the Board, (ii) each board of directors of each
Subsidiary, and (iii) each committee of each such board, in each case only to
the extent permitted by applicable law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, until
the Effective Time, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to
ensure that at least one member of the Board and each committee of the Board
and such boards and committees of the Subsidiaries, as of the date hereof, who
is not an employee of the Company or any Subsidiary shall remain a member of
the Board and of such boards and committees. The first date on which designees
of Purchaser shall constitute a majority of the Company's Board is referred to
in this Agreement as the "Cut-Off Date."
(b) The Company shall promptly take all actions required pursuant to
Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14f-1 promulgated thereunder to
fulfill its obligations under this Section 7.03, and shall include in the
------------
Schedule 14D-9 such information
35
<PAGE>
with respect to the Company and its officers and directors as is required
under Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1 to fulfill such obligations. Parent or
Purchaser shall supply to the Company, and be solely responsible for, any
information with respect to either of them and their nominees, officers,
directors and affiliates required by such Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1.
(c) Following the election of designees of Purchaser pursuant to this
Section 7.03, prior to the Effective Time, any amendment of this Agreement or
the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws of the Company, any termination or
amendment of this Agreement by the Company, any extension by the Company of the
time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of Parent or
Purchaser, or waiver of any of the Company's rights hereunder, shall require the
concurrence of a majority of the directors of the Company then in office who
neither were designated by Purchaser nor are employees of the Company or any
Subsidiary.
SECTION 7.04 Access to Information; Confidentiality. (a) From the
--------------------------------------
date hereof until the Effective Time, the Company shall, and shall cause the
Subsidiaries and the officers, directors, employees, auditors and agents of
the Company and the Subsidiaries to, afford the officers, employees and agents
of Parent and Purchaser reasonable access during normal business hours to the
officers, employees, agents, properties, offices, plants and other facilities,
books and records of the Company and each Subsidiary, and shall furnish Parent
and Purchaser with such financial, operating and other data and information as
Parent or Purchaser, through its officers, employees or agents, may reasonably
request. The Company shall permit Parent and/or Purchaser to have one or more
observers on the premises of the Company daily until the earlier of the
Effective Time or the termination of this Agreement.
(b) All information obtained by Parent or Purchaser pursuant to this
Section 7.04 shall be kept confidential in accordance with the confidentiality
------------
agreement, dated October 16, 2000 (the "Confidentiality Agreement"), between
-------------------------
Parent and the Company.
(c) No investigation pursuant to this Section 7.04 shall affect any
------------
representation or warranty in this Agreement of any party hereto or any
condition to the obligations of the parties hereto or any condition to the
Offer.
SECTION 7.05 No Solicitation of Transactions. (a) Except to the
-------------------------------
extent permitted by Section 7.16, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
------------
shall, directly or indirectly, through any officer, director, agent or
otherwise, (i) solicit, initiate or encourage the submission of, any
Acquisition Proposal or (ii) except as required by the fiduciary duties of the
Board under applicable law after having received advice from outside legal
counsel and after giving prior written notice to Parent and Purchaser and
entering into a customary confidentiality agreement on terms no less favorable
to the Company than those contained in the Confidentiality Agreement,
participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding, or furnish to any
person, any information with respect to, or otherwise cooperate in any way
with respect to, or assist or participate in, facilitate or encourage, any
unsolicited proposal that constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead
to, an Acquisition Proposal.
(b) Except as set forth in this Section 7.05(b) or to the extent
---------------
permitted by Section 7.16, neither the Board nor any committee thereof shall (i)
------------
withdraw or modify, or
36
<PAGE>
propose to withdraw or modify, in a manner adverse to Parent or Purchaser, the
approval or recommendation by the Board or any such committee of this
Agreement, the Offer, the Merger or any other Transaction, (ii) approve or
recommend, or propose to approve or recommend, any Acquisition Proposal or
(iii) enter into any agreement with respect to any Acquisition Proposal.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that, prior to the time of
acceptance for payment of Shares pursuant to the Offer, the Board determines
in good faith that it is required to do so by its fiduciary duties under
applicable law after having received advice from outside legal counsel, the
Board may withdraw or modify its approval or recommendation of the Offer and
the Merger, but only to terminate this Agreement in accordance with Section
-------
9.01(d)(ii) (and, concurrently with such termination, cause the Company to
-----------
enter into an agreement with respect to a Superior Proposal).
(c) The Company shall, and shall direct or cause its directors,
officers, employees, representatives and agents to, immediately cease and cause
to be terminated any discussions or negotiations with any parties that may be
ongoing with respect to any Acquisition Proposal.
(d) The Company shall (within one Business Day) advise Parent orally
and in writing of (i) any Acquisition Proposal or any request for information
with respect to any Acquisition Proposal, the material terms and conditions of
such Acquisition Proposal or request and the identity of the person making such
Acquisition Proposal or request and (ii) any changes in any such Acquisition
Proposal or request.
(e) The Company agrees, except as required by the Board's fiduciary
duties under applicable law after having received advice from outside legal
counsel, not to release any third party from, or waive any provision of, any
confidentiality or standstill agreement to which the Company is a party.
SECTION 7.06 Employee Benefits Matters. (a) Individuals who were
-------------------------
employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the
Effective Time and who become employed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation
from and after the Effective Time shall be referred to herein as "Affected
--------
Employees." As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, each Affected
---------
Employee will be eligible to participate in the benefit programs, plans,
arrangements, payroll practices (including vacation or paid time off
entitlement) established or maintained by, or contributed to, the Surviving
Corporation from time to time pursuant to the terms of each such plan, or in
the absence of plan terms or provisions, in accordance with the regularly
established policies or procedures of the Surviving Corporation. The Surviving
Corporation shall be responsible for providing to individuals who terminate
from employment with the Company in connection with the transactions
contemplated herein the coverage required under Code Section 4980B.
(b) Parent will cause the Surviving Corporation to, recognize the
employment service of each Affected Employee with the Company for purposes of
eligibility and vesting (but not benefit accrual) under any applicable plan.
Each Affected Employee's years of service with the Company shall be otherwise
recognized for all general employment purposes including, without limitation,
seniority, vacation, personal time and similar general employment purposes,
provided, that any vacation time offered by Parent or Surviving Corporation in
the calendar year
37
<PAGE>
of the Effective Time to any Affected Employee shall be offset by any vacation
time used by or paid to an Affected Employee by the Company in the calendar
year of the Effective Time.
(c) The Company shall terminate its 401(k) plan and other pension
benefit plans (as defined in ERISA Section 3(2)) prior to the Effective Time.
All of the Company's employees participating in the plan(s) as of that date
shall automatically become fully vested in their account balances as of the date
that the 401(k) plan is terminated. The Company shall take all steps necessary
to maintain the qualified status of such plan(s) through and following
termination, and shall apply for an IRS determination letter upon termination
for each such terminated plan.
(d) Simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement, the Company
has entered into the Employment Agreements in forms acceptable to Parent with
the individuals set forth in Section 7.06(d) of the Disclosure Schedule.
---------------
SECTION 7.07 Intentionally Omitted.
---------------------
SECTION 7.08 Directors' and Officers' Indemnification and Insurance.
------------------------------------------------------
(a) The Certificate of Incorporation and the By-laws of the Surviving
Corporation shall contain provisions no less favorable with respect to
indemnification than are set forth in Article XIII of the Certificate of
------------
Incorporation of the Company and Article VI of the By-laws of the Company,
----------
respectively, which provisions shall not be amended, repealed or otherwise
modified for a period of six years from the Effective Time in any manner that
would affect adversely the rights thereunder of individuals who, at or prior
to the Effective Time, were directors, officers, employees, fiduciaries or
agents of the Company, unless such modification shall be required by law.
(b) The Surviving Corporation shall use commercially reasonable
efforts to maintain in effect for six years from the Effective Time (the "Tail
----
Period") the Existing D&O Policies (provided that the Surviving Corporation may
------
substitute therefor policies of at least the same coverage containing terms and
conditions that are not materially less favorable) with respect to matters
occurring prior to the Effective Time; provided, however, that in no event shall
-------- -------
the Surviving Corporation be required to expend pursuant to this Section 7.07(b)
---------------
more than an amount equal to 175% of the annual premium of the Existing D&O
Policies for the entire Tail Period, in the aggregate.
(c) In the event the Company or the Surviving Corporation or any of
their respective successors or assigns (i) consolidates with or merges into any
other person and shall not be the continuing or surviving corporation or entity
of such consolidation or merger or (ii) transfers all or substantially all of
its properties and assets to any person, then, and in each such case, proper
provision shall be made so that the successors and assigns of the Company or the
Surviving Corporation, as the case may be, or at Parent's option, Parent, shall
assume the obligations set forth in this Section 7.08.
------------
(d) The Surviving Corporation and Parent shall honor and fulfill in
all respects the obligations of the Company pursuant to indemnification
agreements with the Company's directors and officers existing at or before the
Effective Time.
38
<PAGE>
(e) This Section shall survive the consummation of the Offer and the
Merger, is intended to benefit the Company, the Surviving Corporation and each
indemnified party, shall be binding , jointly and severally, on all successors
and assigns of the Surviving Corporation and Parent, and shall be enforceable by
the indemnified parties.
SECTION 7.09 Notification of Certain Matters. The Company shall
-------------------------------
give prompt notice to Parent, and Parent shall give prompt notice to the
Company, of (a) the occurrence, or non-occurrence, of any event the
occurrence, or non-occurrence, of which reasonably could be expected to cause
any representation or warranty contained in this Agreement to be untrue or
inaccurate in any material respect and (b) any failure of the Company, Parent
or Purchaser, as the case may be, to comply with or satisfy any covenant or
agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it hereunder; provided, however,
-----------------
that the delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section 7.09 shall not limit
------------
or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving
such notice.
SECTION 7.10 Further Action; Reasonable Best Efforts. Upon the terms
---------------------------------------
and subject to the conditions hereof, each of the parties hereto shall (i) make
promptly its respective filings, and thereafter make any other required
submissions under the HSR Act with respect to the Transactions and (ii) use its
reasonable best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all appropriate action,
and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable under
applicable laws and regulations to consummate and make effective the
Transactions, including, without limitation, using its reasonable best efforts
to obtain all Permits, consents, approvals, authorizations, qualifications and
orders of Governmental Authorities and parties to contracts with the Company and
the Subsidiaries as are necessary for the consummation of the Transactions and
to fulfill the conditions to the Offer and the Merger; provided that neither
--------
Purchaser nor Parent will be required by this Section 7.10 to take any action,
------------
including entering into any consent decree, hold separate orders or other
arrangements, that (A) requires the divestiture of any assets of the Purchaser,
Parent, Company or any of their respective subsidiaries, or (B) limits Parent's
freedom of action with respect to, or its ability to retain, the Company and the
Subsidiaries or any portion thereof or any of Parent's or its affiliates' other
assets or businesses. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company, Parent and
Purchaser shall file as soon as practicable notifications under the HSR Act and
respond as promptly as practicable to any inquiries received from the Federal
Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of
Justice for additional information or documentation and respond as promptly as
practicable to all inquiries and requests received from any State Attorney
General or other Governmental Authority in connection with antitrust matters.
Concurrently with the filing of notifications under the HSR Act or as soon
thereafter as practicable, the Company and Parent shall each request early
termination of the HSR Act waiting-period. In addition, the Company, Parent and
Purchaser agree to make as soon as practicable such other filings as may be
necessary or required by any non-United States Governmental Authority. In case,
at any time after the Effective Time, any further action is necessary or
desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, the proper officers and
directors of each party to this Agreement shall use their reasonable best
efforts to take all such action.
SECTION 7.11 Public Announcements. Parent, Purchaser and the Company
--------------------
agree that no public release or announcement concerning the Transactions, the
Offer or
39
<PAGE>
the Merger shall be issued by either party without the prior consent of
the other party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), except as
such release or announcement may be required by Law or the rules or regulations
of any United States or non-United States securities exchange, in which case the
party required to make the release or announcement shall use its best efforts to
allow the other party reasonable time to comment on such release or announcement
in advance of such issuance. The parties have agreed upon the form of a joint
press release announcing the Offer and the execution of this Agreement.
SECTION 7.12 Confidentiality Agreement. Parent, Purchaser and Company
-------------------------
acknowledge that the existing Confidentiality Agreement shall remain in full
force and effect at all times prior to the Effective Time and after any
termination of this Agreement, and such parties agree to comply with the terms
of such Agreement. The Company hereby waives the provisions of the
Confidentiality Agreement as and to the extent necessary to permit the
consummation of the Transactions. Upon the acceptance for payment of Shares
pursuant to the Offer, the Confidentiality Agreement shall be deemed to have
terminated without further action by the parties thereto.
SECTION 7.13 Confirmation of No Withholding. The Company shall provide
------------------------------
the Purchaser with copies of (i) a statement issued by the Company pursuant to
Section 1.897-2(h)(1) of the Treasury Regulations, dated no more than thirty
days prior to the Effective Time, certifying, to the effect that the Shares are
not a United States real property interest and (ii) the notice to the IRS
provided for in Section 1.897-2(h)(2) of the Treasury Regulations with regard to
the statement referred to in clause (i) of this section.
SECTION 7.14 Obligations of Purchaser. Parent will take all action
------------------------
necessary to cause the Purchaser to perform its obligations under this Agreement
and to consummate the Merger on the terms and conditions set forth in this
Agreement.
SECTION 7.15 Voting of Shares. Parent agrees to cause Purchaser (i) to
----------------
vote all Shares beneficially owned by it in favor of adoption of this Agreement
and the Merger at the Stockholders' Meeting, if any such meeting shall be
required by Delaware Law, and (ii) if no Stockholders' Meeting shall be required
by Delaware Law, to file the Certificate of Merger as soon as permitted under
applicable regulatory requirements and law.
SECTION 7.16 Extension of Offer. If (a) Purchaser shall not have
------------------
purchased all of the Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the
Offer on or prior to the fifth (5/th/) business day following the initial date
that the Offer would have otherwise first expired (the "Extension Date") and (b)
--------------
this Agreement shall not have been terminated in accordance with Article IX
----------
prior thereto, Purchaser agrees that commencing as of the Extension Date, the
Company may begin to solicit potential financial investors to make private
investments in the Company after any termination of this Agreement of up to ten
million dollars US$ (10,000,000) in cash; provided, however, that the Company
-------- -------
may not so solicit such investments if Parent or the Purchaser, at their option,
agree on or prior to the Extension Date to loan (or cause to be loaned) to the
Company an aggregate principal amount of five million dollars (US$5,000,000)
(the "Loan") pursuant to mutually agreed upon loan documentation to be entered
----
into at or prior to the extension of the Loan. Any Loan made pursuant to this
Section 7.16: shall (a) be conditioned upon the Company having provided to
------------
Purchaser customary
40
<PAGE>
lending documents, including legal opinions; (b) be secured by liens on all of
the assets of the Company presently owned or acquired in the future; (c) be made
on commercially reasonable terms and shall accrue interest at competitive fair
market terms that the Company would otherwise then be in the position to
reasonably procure; and (d) be due and payable in full, together with accrued
interest thereon, the date that is ninety (90) days after the advancement of
such Loan.
ARTICLE VIII
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
------------------------
SECTION 8.01 Conditions to the Merger. The obligations of each party
------------------------
to effect the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction, at or prior to the
Effective Time, of the following conditions:
(a) Stockholder Approval. If and to the extent required by Delaware
--------------------
Law and the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, this Agreement and the
Transactions shall have been approved and adopted by the affirmative vote of the
stockholders of the Company;
(b) HSR Act. Any waiting period (and any extension thereof)
-------
applicable to the consummation of the Merger under the HSR Act shall have
expired or been terminated;
(c) No Order. No Governmental Authority in the United States or the
--------
European Union shall have enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any
Law (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) which is then in effect and
has the effect of making the acquisition of Shares by Parent or Purchaser or any
affiliate of either of them illegal or otherwise restricting, preventing or
prohibiting consummation of the Transactions; and
(d) Offer. Purchaser or its permitted assignee shall have purchased
-----
all Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer; provided,
--------
however, that this condition shall not be applicable to the obligations of
-------
Parent or Purchaser if, in breach of this Agreement or the terms of the Offer,
Purchaser fails to purchase any Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn
pursuant to the Offer.
ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
---------------------------------
SECTION 9.01 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated and the
-----------
Merger and the other Transactions may be abandoned at any time prior to the
Effective Time, notwithstanding any requisite approval and adoption of this
Agreement and the Transactions by the stockholders of the Company:
(a) By mutual written consent of each of Parent, Purchaser and the
Company duly authorized by the Boards of Directors of Parent, Purchaser and the
Company; or
(b) By either Parent, Purchaser or the Company if (i) the Effective
Time shall not have occurred on or before February 15, 2001; provided, however,
-------- -------
that the right to terminate
41
<PAGE>
this Agreement under this Section 9.01(b) shall not be available to any party
--------------
whose failure to fulfill any obligation under this Agreement has been the cause
of, or resulted in, the failure of the Effective Time to occur on or before such
date or (ii) any Governmental Authority shall have enacted, issued, promulgated,
enforced or entered any injunction, order, decree or ruling (whether temporary,
preliminary or permanent) which has become final and nonappealable and has the
effect of making consummation of the Offer or the Merger illegal or otherwise
preventing or prohibiting consummation of the Offer or the Merger; or
(c) By Parent if (i) due to an occurrence or circumstance that would
result in a failure to satisfy any condition set forth in Annex A hereto,
-------
Purchaser shall have (A) failed to commence the Offer within 60 days following
the date of this Agreement, (B) terminated the Offer without having accepted any
Shares for payment thereunder or (C) failed to accept Shares for payment
pursuant to the Offer within 90 days following the commencement of the Offer
(provided, however, that the applicable time period specified in (A) and (C)
--------- -------
above shall be extended until the earlier to occur of (x) the fifth business day
following the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under
the HSR Act and (y) February 15, 2001), unless such action or inaction under
(A), (B) or (C) shall have been caused by or resulted from the failure of Parent
or Purchaser to perform, in any material respect, any of their material
covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement, or the material breach by
Parent or Purchaser of any of their material representations or warranties
contained in this Agreement or (ii) prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to
the Offer, the Board or any committee thereof shall have withdrawn or modified
in a manner adverse to Purchaser or Parent its approval or recommendation of
this Agreement, the Offer, the Merger or any other Transaction, or shall have
recommended or approved any Acquisition Proposal, or shall have resolved to do
any of the foregoing; or
(d) By the Company, upon approval of the Board, if (i) Purchaser shall
have (A) failed to commence the Offer within 60 days following the date of this
Agreement, (B) terminated the Offer without having accepted any Shares for
payment thereunder or (C) failed to accept Shares for payment pursuant to the
Offer within 90 days following the commencement of the Offer (provided, however,
-------- -------
that the applicable time period specified in (A) and (C) above shall be extended
until the earlier to occur of (x) the fifth business day following the
expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act and
(y) February 15, 2001), unless such action or inaction under (A), (B) or (C)
shall have been caused by or resulted from the failure of Company to perform, in
any material respect, any of its material covenants or agreements contained in
this Agreement, or the material breach by the Company of any of its material
representations or warranties contained in this Agreement or (ii) prior to the
purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, the Board determines in good faith
that it is required to do so by its fiduciary duties under applicable law after
having received advice from outside legal counsel in order to enter into a
definitive agreement with respect to a Superior Proposal, upon 72 hours' prior
written notice to Parent, setting forth in reasonable detail the identity of the
person making, and the final terms and conditions of, the Superior Proposal and
after duly considering any proposals that may be made by Parent during such 72-
hour period; provided, however, that any termination of this Agreement pursuant
-------- -------
to this Section 9.01(d)(ii) shall not be effective until the Company has made
-------------------
full payment of all amounts provided under Section 9.03.
------------
42
<PAGE>
SECTION 9.02 Effect of Termination. In the event of the termination of
---------------------
this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.01, this Agreement shall forthwith become
-----------
void, and there shall be no liability on the part of any party hereto, except
(a) as set forth in Section 9.03 and (b) nothing herein shall relieve any party
------------
from liability for any intentional breach hereof prior to the date of such
termination; provided, however, that the Confidentiality Agreement shall survive
-------- -------
any termination of this Agreement.
SECTION 9.03 Fees and Expenses. (a) In the event that this Agreement
-----------------
is terminated pursuant to Section 9.01(c)(ii) or 9.01(d)(ii), then, in any such
------------------- -----------
event, the Company shall pay Parent promptly (but in no event later than one
business day after termination) a fee of $4,000,000 million (the "Fee"), which
---
amount shall be payable in immediately available funds.
(b) In the event that this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section
-------
9.01(b) or Section 9.01(c)(i) and the Company shall have intentionally failed to
------- ------------------
perform, in any material respect, any of its material covenants or agreements
contained in this Agreement, then, in any such event, the Company shall
reimburse Parent and Purchaser (not later than one business day after submission
of statements thereto) for all Expenses of Parent and Purchaser (up to a maximum
of $750,000), which amount shall be payable in immediately available funds.
(c) In the event that the Company enters into an agreement related to
an Acquisition Proposal within nine (9) months after the date of termination of
this Agreement, the Company shall pay Parent the Fee promptly after (but in no
event later than one business day after) consummation of such Acquisition
Proposal.
(d) Notwithstanding anything to the foregoing in this Section 9.03, no
------------
Fee or Expenses shall be payable to Parent or Purchaser in the event this
Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 9.01(b) or 9.01(d)(i) to the extent
--------------- ----------
that termination, the failure to commence or failure to accept any Shares for
payment, as set forth in Section 9.01(d)(i), shall relate to a failure of either
------------------
Parent or Purchaser to perform, in any material respect, any material covenant
or agreement contained in this Agreement or a material breach by Parent or
Purchaser of any of their material representations or warranties contained in
this Agreement.
(e) Except as set forth in this Section 9.03, all costs and expenses
------------
incurred in connection with this Agreement, the Stockholders Agreements and the
Transactions shall be paid by the party incurring such expenses, whether or not
any Transaction is consummated.
(f) In the event that the Company shall fail to pay the Fee or any
Expenses when due, the term "Expenses" shall be deemed to include the costs and
--------
expenses actually incurred or accrued by Parent and Purchaser (including,
without limitation, fees and expenses of counsel) in connection with the
collection under and enforcement of this Section 9.03, together with interest on
------------
such unpaid amounts, commencing on the date that the respective amounts became
due, at a rate equal to the rate of interest publicly announced by Citibank,
N.A., from time to time, in the City of New York, as such bank's Base Rate plus
1.5%.
SECTION 9.04 Amendment. Subject to Section 7.03, this Agreement may be
--------- ------------
amended by the parties hereto by action taken by or on behalf of their
respective Boards of Directors at any time prior to the Effective Time;
provided, however, that, after the approval and
-------- -------
43
<PAGE>
adoption of this Agreement and the Transactions by the stockholders of the
Company, no amendment may be made that would reduce the amount or change the
type of consideration into which each Share shall be converted upon consummation
of the Merger. This Agreement may not be amended except by an instrument in
writing signed by each of the parties hereto.
SECTION 9.05 Waiver. Subject to Section 7.03, at any time prior to the
------ ------------
Effective Time, any party hereto may (a) extend the time for the performance of
any obligation or other act of any other party hereto, (b) waive any inaccuracy
in the representations and warranties of any other party contained herein or in
any document delivered pursuant hereto and (c) waive compliance with any
agreement of any other party or any condition to its own obligations contained
herein. Any such extension or waiver shall be valid if set forth in an
instrument in writing signed by the party or parties to be bound thereby.
ARTICLE X
GENERAL PROVISIONS
------------------
SECTION 10.01 Notices. All notices, requests, claims, demands and
-------
other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall
be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by
telecopy or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt
requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such
other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance
with this Section 10.01):
-------------
if to Parent or Purchaser:
Nokia Corporation
313 Fairchild Drive
Mountain View, California 94043
Telecopy: (650) 625-2002
Attention: Timo Ruikka
44
<PAGE>
with a copy to:
Nokia Corporation
P.O. Box 226
00045 Nokia Group
Finland
Telecopy: +358-9-605-042
Attention: General Counsel
with a copy to:
Shearman & Sterling
1550 El Camino Real
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Telecopy: (650) 330-2299
Attention: Michael J. Coleman, Esq.
if to the Company:
Ramp Networks, Inc.
3100 De La Cruz Blvd.
Santa Clara, California 95054
Telecopy: (408)988-6363
Attention: Mahesh Veerina
with a copy to:
Venture Law Group
2800 Sand Hill Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Telecopy: (650) 854-4488
Attention: David Lee, Esq.
Steve Tonsfeldt, Esq.
SECTION 10.02 Severability. If any term or other provision of this
------------
Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law,
or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall
nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal
substance of the Transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse
to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is
invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall
negotiate in
45
<PAGE>
good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the
parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the
Transactions be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent
possible.
SECTION 10.03 Entire Agreement; Assignment. This Agreement and the
----------------------------
Stockholder Agreements and Employment Agreements constitute the entire agreement
among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede,
except as set forth in Sections 7.04(b) and 7.11, all prior agreements and
---------------- ----
undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties, or any of them, with
respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement shall not be assigned
(whether pursuant to a merger, by operation of law or otherwise), except that
Parent and Purchaser may assign all or any of their rights and obligations
hereunder to any affiliate of Parent, provided that no such assignment shall
--------
relieve the assigning party of its obligations hereunder if such assignee does
not perform such obligations.
SECTION 10.04 Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall be binding
-------------------
upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and nothing in this
Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other
person any right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason
of this Agreement, other than Sections 7.08 (which is intended to be for the
-------------
benefit of the persons covered thereby and may be enforced by such persons).
SECTION 10.05 Specific Performance. The parties hereto agree that
--------------------
irreparable damage would occur in the event any provision of this Agreement were
not performed in accordance with the terms hereof and that the parties shall be
entitled to specific performance of the terms hereof, in addition to any other
remedy at law or equity.
SECTION 10.06 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and
-------------
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to
contracts executed in and to be performed in that State. The parties hereto
hereby (a) submit to the jurisdiction of any state or federal court sitting in
the Borough of Manhattan of The City of New York for the purpose of any Action
arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought by any party hereto, and
(b) irrevocably waive, and agree not to assert by way of motion, defense, or
otherwise, in any such Action, any claim that it is not subject personally to
the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or
immune from attachment or execution, that the Action is brought in an
inconvenient forum, that the venue of the Action is improper, or that this
Agreement or the Transactions may not be enforced in or by any of the above-
named courts.
SECTION 10.07 Waiver of Jury Trial. Each of the parties hereto hereby
--------------------
waives to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law any right it may have
to a trial by jury with respect to any litigation directly or indirectly arising
out of, under or in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions. Each of
the parties hereto (a) certifies that no representative, agent or attorney of
any other party has represented, expressly or otherwise, that such other party
would not, in the event of litigation, seek to enforce that foregoing waiver and
(b) acknowledges that it and the other hereto have been induced to enter into
this Agreement and the Transactions, as applicable, by, among other things, the
mutual waivers and certifications in this Section 10.07.
-------------
46
<PAGE>
SECTION 10.08 Headings. The descriptive headings contained in this
--------
Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and shall not affect in
any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
SECTION 10.09 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and
------------
delivered (including by facsimile transmission) in one or more counterparts, and
by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when
executed shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall
constitute one and the same agreement.
SECTION 10.10 Execution. This Agreement may be executed by facsimile
---------
signatures and such signature shall be deemed binding for all purposes hereof,
without delivery of an original signature being thereafter required.
SECTION 10.11 Disclosure Schedule. The parties acknowledge and agree
-------------------
that if any section of the Disclosure Schedule discloses an item or information
in such a way as to make its relevance to the disclosure required by another
section of the Disclosure Schedule readily apparent, the matter shall be deemed
to have been disclosed in such other section of the Disclosure Schedule,
notwithstanding the omission of an appropriate cross-reference to such other
section.
[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
47
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent, Purchaser and the Company have caused this
Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above by their respective
officers thereunto duly authorized.
NOKIA CORPORATION
By: /s/ Mika Vehvilainen
------------------------
Name: Mika Vehvilainen
Title: Attorney-in-fact
BLACKBIRD ACQUISITION, INC.
By: /s/ Mika Vehvilainen
------------------------
Name: Mika Vehvilainen
Title: President
RAMP NETWORKS, INC.
By: /s/ Mahesh Veerina
-----------------------
Name: Mahesh Veerina
Title: President and CEO
48
<PAGE>
ANNEX A
-------
CONDITIONS TO THE OFFER
-----------------------
Notwithstanding any other provision of the Offer, Purchaser shall not
be required to accept for payment any Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer, and
may extend, terminate or amend the Offer, if (i) immediately prior to the
expiration of the Offer, the Minimum Condition shall not have been satisfied,
(ii) any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act or under any applicable
material foreign statutes or regulations shall not have expired or been
terminated prior to the expiration of the Offer or (iii) at any time on or after
the date of this Agreement and prior to the expiration of the Offer, any of the
following conditions shall exist:
(a) there shall have been instituted or be pending any Action before
any Governmental Authority (i) challenging or seeking to make illegal,
materially delay, or otherwise, directly or indirectly, restrain or prohibit or
make materially more costly, the making of the Offer, the acceptance for payment
of any Shares by Parent, Purchaser or any other affiliate of Parent, or the
purchase of Shares pursuant to any Stockholder Agreement, or the consummation of
any other Transaction, or seeking to obtain damages in connection with any
Transaction that are material in relation to the Transactions taken as a whole;
(ii) seeking to prohibit or materially limit the ownership or operation by the
Company, Parent or any of their subsidiaries of all or any of the business or
assets of the Company, Parent or any of their subsidiaries or to compel the
Company, Parent or any of their subsidiaries, as a result of the Transactions,
to dispose of or to hold separate all or any material portion of the business or
assets of the Company, Parent or any of their subsidiaries; (iii) seeking to
impose or confirm any material limitation on the ability of Parent, Purchaser or
any other affiliate of Parent to exercise effectively full rights of ownership
of any Shares, including, without limitation, the right to vote any Shares
acquired by Purchaser pursuant to the Offer or any Stockholder Agreement or
otherwise on all matters properly presented to the Company's stockholders,
including, without limitation, the approval and adoption of this Agreement and
the Transactions; (iv) seeking to require divestiture by Parent, Purchaser or
any other affiliate of Parent of any Shares; or (v) which otherwise would
prevent or materially delay consummation of the Offer or the Merger or otherwise
prevent or materially delay the Company from performing its obligations under
this Agreement or would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect;
(b) any Governmental Authority or court of competent jurisdiction
shall have issued an order, decree, injunction or ruling or taken any other
action permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting or materially
delaying or preventing the Transactions and such order, decree, injunction,
ruling or other action shall have become final and non-appealable;
(c) there shall have been any statute, rule, regulation, legislation
or interpretation enacted, promulgated, amended, issued or deemed applicable to
(i) Parent, the Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Parent or the Company
or (ii) any Transaction, by any United States or non-United States legislative
body or Governmental Authority with appropriate jurisdiction, other than the
routine application of the waiting period provisions of the HSR Act to the
Offer, the Stockholder Agreements or the Merger, that is reasonably likely to
result, directly
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or indirectly, in any of the consequences referred to in clauses (i) through (v)
of paragraph (a) above;
(d) any Material Adverse Effect shall have occurred;
(e) there shall have occurred (i) a declaration of a banking
moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United
States or Finland that materially and adversely affects the ability of Parent to
pay for the Shares for more than five business days after the expiration of the
Offer or (ii) a commencement of a war or armed hostilities or other national or
international calamity directly or indirectly involving the United States or
Finland that materially and adversely affects the ability of Purchaser and
Parent to consummate the Offer or, in the case of such calamity existing on the
date hereof, a material acceleration or worsening thereof;
(f) (A) the Board, or any committee thereof, shall have withdrawn or
modified, in a manner adverse to Parent or Purchaser, the approval or
recommendation of the Offer, the Merger, the Agreement or the Stockholder
Agreements, or approved or recommended any Acquisition Proposal other than the
Offer, the Merger and the Stockholder Agreements or (B) the Board, or any
committee thereof, shall have resolved to do any of the foregoing;
(g) any representation or warranty of the Company in the Agreement, or
of any Stockholder in the Stockholders Agreements, shall not be true and correct
as if such representation or warranty was made as of such time on or after the
date of this Agreement (except for those representations or warranties that
address matters only as of a specific date, which must be true and correct as of
such date) (in each case, without for this purpose giving effect to
qualifications or limitations as to materiality or the absence of a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company contained in such representations and warranties),
except for such non-intentional failures to be true and accurate as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have, or be reasonably likely to result in, a
Material Adverse Effect;
(h) the Company shall have failed to perform, in any material respect,
any obligation or to comply, in any material respect, with any agreement or
covenant of the Company to be performed or complied with by it under the
Agreement or the Stockholders shall have failed to perform in any material
respect, any obligation or to comply, in any material respect, with any
agreement or covenant of the Stockholders to be performed or complied with by
them under the Stockholder Agreements;
(i) the Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with
its terms; or
(j) Purchaser and the Company shall have agreed that Purchaser shall
terminate the Offer or postpone the acceptance for payment of Shares thereunder;
which, in the reasonable judgment of Purchaser in any such case, and regardless
of the circumstances (including any action or inaction by Parent or any of its
affiliates) giving rise to any such condition, makes it inadvisable to proceed
with such acceptance for payment.
The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of Purchaser and
Parent and may be asserted by Purchaser or Parent regardless of the
circumstances giving rise to any such
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condition or, subject to the terms of this Agreement, may be waived by Purchaser
or Parent in whole or in part at any time and from time to time in their sole
discretion. The failure by Parent or Purchaser at any time to exercise any of
the foregoing rights shall not be deemed a waiver of any such right; the waiver
of any such right with respect to particular facts and other circumstances shall
not be deemed a waiver with respect to any other facts and circumstances; and
each such right shall be deemed an ongoing right that may be asserted at any
time and from time to time.
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