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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-27707
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
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DELAWARE 52-2186634
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.)
11460 CRONRIDGE DRIVE 21117
OWINGS MILLS, MARYLAND (ZIP CODE)
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
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(REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE): (410) 654-6400
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT: NONE.
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $.01
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment of this
Form 10-K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the
registrant as of March 15, 2000 was $3,115,167,405.
As of March 15, 2000, 32,192,913 shares of the Registrant's common stock,
$.01 par value per share, were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Proxy Statement for 1999 Annual Meeting of the Registrant which will be
filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year and
is incorporated by reference into Part III.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
Item 1 Business.................................................... 2
Item 2 Properties.................................................. 19
Item 3 Legal Proceedings........................................... 20
Item 4 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders......... 20
PART II
Item 5 Market for the Company's Common Equity and Related Security
Holder Matters............................................ 21
Item 6 Selected Financial Data..................................... 22
Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations................................. 23
Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market
Risk...................................................... 38
Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................. 38
Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting
and Financial Disclosure.................................. 38
PART III
Item 10 Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.......... 39
Item 11 Executive Compensation...................................... 39
Item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management................................................ 39
Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.............. 39
PART IV
Item 14 Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form
8-K....................................................... 40
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THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS THAT
INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES. WHEN USED HEREIN, THE WORDS "ANTICIPATE,"
"BELIEVE," "ESTIMATE," "INTEND," "MAY," "WILL" AND "EXPECT" AND SIMILAR
EXPRESSIONS AS THEY RELATE TO AETHER SYSTEMS, INC. ("AETHER" OR THE "COMPANY")
OR ITS MANAGEMENT ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THE
COMPANY'S ACTUAL RESULTS, PERFORMANCE OR ACHIEVEMENTS COULD DIFFER MATERIALLY
FROM THE RESULTS EXPRESSED IN, OR IMPLIED BY, THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.
FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO SUCH DIFFERENCES INCLUDE THOSE
DISCUSSED IN "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND BUSINESS."
Other matters set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may also cause
actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking
statements. Aether undertakes no obligation to update or revise any
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future
events or otherwise. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the
forward-looking events discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K might not
occur.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
We provide wireless data services, systems and software enabling people to
use handheld devices for mobile data communications and real-time transactions.
We design, develop, sell and support complete wireless systems for corporations
seeking to make data available to mobile workers or consumers. Our capabilities
include our wireless data engineering and development expertise, our wireless
integration software, our customer service and network operations center and,
following our acquisition of Riverbed, our mobile data management software.
THE AETHER SOLUTION
Mobile workers and consumers typically gain remote access to electronic
data and transactional capabilities in one of two ways:
- through continuous, real-time communications between databases and
handheld devices using wireless communications networks, or
- by periodically updating, or synchronizing, data between the device and
database using a direct connection, such as a phone line.
We provide the services and resources necessary to provide these capabilities
using our engineering staff, our wireless integration and mobile data management
software and our customer service and network operations center. Our
capabilities address most of the common issues companies face when building and
supporting wireless and other mobile data systems.
Issue: Wireless and other mobile data communications systems are complex.
Many information technology managers lack the engineering and system
resources to design, develop, install and maintain new software and
systems that give their companies' workforces and customers mobile
access to corporate applications.
Solution: We provide comprehensive mobile communications services.
We have all the resources necessary to design, develop, install and
maintain wireless and other mobile data communications systems for
customers. We have 84 engineers, including 34 who focus on the ScoutWare
family of software products. Our engineers use our Aether Intelligent
Messaging software platform, or AIM, to extend corporate applications to
almost any wireless environment. Through our acquisition of Riverbed, we
are able to provide a complete suite of software products that extend
corporate data to mobile handheld devices. We have established
relationships with the leading wireless network carriers, including AT&T
Wireless Services, Bell Atlantic Mobile, BellSouth Wireless Data and GTE
Corp. We have negotiated favorable airtime agreements with these
carriers, allowing us to offer our end users flat-rate pricing no matter
how much data is transmitted or where a device is used. Our network
operations center offers a secure gateway to wireless networks for data
delivered to us by our customers, and our customer service center
provides devices and call center support to end users. We provide as
many, or as few, of these elements as customers require to develop their
systems.
Issue: There is a wide variety of incompatible standards.
To build a wireless data system, a business must integrate disparate
networks, devices and operating systems. Companies often require
multiple networks to meet the needs of their workers and customers,
based on their geographic location and preferred devices, which may use
different communications protocols. This can involve complex
negotiations with several wireless carriers. Additionally, companies
typically use a variety of operating systems for their internal data
applications.
Solution: Our software and systems can integrate a wide variety of
networks, devices and operating systems.
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We give our customers a high degree of flexibility and choice, freeing
them from the need to integrate technologies from a variety of parties
to develop their systems. Our AIM software platform supports the most
widely used wireless data networks in the United States, known as CDPD,
Mobitex and ARDIS, as well as circuit-switched network protocols,
including GSM and CDMA. As a result, our customers' end users can choose
the devices they prefer, including Palm, Windows CE and other personal
organizers, notebook computers, pagers and mobile phones. Our WAP
Enterprise Center has a team of engineers and sales executives dedicated
to supporting and developing applications for WAP, a series of
specifications that allow mobile phones to display Internet information.
We also are planning to extend our AIM software platform's capabilities
to the Microsoft micro-browser and the operating system known as EPOC
for handheld devices developed by Symbian Ltd. (a wireless software
company jointly owned by Ericsson, Matsushita Communication Industrial
Co., Ltd., Motorola, Nokia and Psion PLC). Our AIM software platform can
interact with the major operating systems on which most corporate
applications run, including Windows NT, UNIX, Linux and most mainframe
operating systems.
As connections to new systems have become needed, our engineers have
adapted our AIM software platform to meet the needs of those systems. We
believe that as the wireless data market evolves there will continue to
be a multitude of protocols for networks, devices and operating systems.
We plan to update our software platforms continually to address the
ongoing need to integrate these protocols. We believe we are the only
firm that currently provides this level of service to companies seeking
to develop wireless data systems.
Issue: Wireless data transmissions are slow and expensive.
Most of today's wireless data networks operate at less than half the
speed of telephone dial-up connections, limiting the delivery of useful
data to only small amounts of text and few graphics. Data feeds
typically include large amounts of unnecessary data, including message
headers and routing information. Because wireless carriers typically
charge by the kilobyte of data transmitted, extraneous data add
unnecessary cost.
Solution: Our systems optimize data transmissions for wireless networks.
Our AIM software platform optimizes data transmission by employing
compression and data-thinning techniques. As a result, users get
information faster when they send queries from their devices, and they
get more useful information for the price. Our AIM software platform
reduces the number of data packets required in a typical wireless
transmission by as much as 66%. We ensure reliable message delivery
through measures that confirm data have arrived properly and resend data
if no acknowledgement has been received.
Over the next several years, wireless carriers and equipment vendors are
planning to build so-called third generation, or 3G, networks, which
promise to transmit data at much higher speeds and offer more
compatibility among devices. No matter how fast networks become, the
need for low cost, secure and reliable data transmission will continue.
We have designed our AIM software platform to grow with the capabilities
of wireless networks. For example, we are currently working with U.S.
and European wireless network carriers to develop our financial trading
services to operate over networks using General Packet Radio Services,
known as GPRS, a new high-speed wireless network standard.
Issue: Corporate managers require rigorous security standards when
entrusting their data to third parties.
Solution: We provide a secure network operations center.
Our network operations center has numerous redundant elements and serves
as a high-security physical link between data feeds from our business
customers' and others' data systems and wireless carrier networks. This
relieves corporations from the burden of constructing similar
facilities. We believe our network operations center is capable of
meeting the security standards for services we developed or are
developing for our customers, who include Reuters, Morgan Stanley Dean
Witter Online and Charles Schwab. We believe that our network operations
center
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is a vital component of our wireless data service offerings that
differentiates us from our competitors. We encrypt, or scramble, digital
messages as they move along wireless networks using technology licensed
from Certicom Corp. Recently we reached an agreement to use "digital
signature" technology provided by Diversinet, which authenticates the
identity of the sender and recipient of such messages.
Issue: Corporate information technology managers are reluctant to
configure and maintain inventories of wireless devices and provide
ongoing customer support.
Solution: We provide product fulfillment and customer service.
We send end users fully functioning mobile devices configured for the
wireless data networks and applications they will use. We also have a
customer service center providing ongoing end user support. Companies do
not have to worry about configuring devices for use by their employees
and customers, fixing broken units, handling warranties or answering
questions from users.
THE AETHER STRATEGY
Our strategy is to be the dominant provider of wireless data services and
systems to corporations by using our engineering expertise, our software
platforms, our customer service and network operations center and our other
resources. We seek to maximize recurring revenue by developing wireless data
services. We believe our capabilities and experience have established us as an
early market leader in wireless data services, and a key element of our strategy
is to move quickly into new opportunities to extend our leadership position. Our
strategy includes the following key elements:
Target a variety of industries and market segments for development of
wireless data communications and services in the United States and
internationally. Our strategy initially focused on developing services for the
financial services sector, whose participants we believe are among the earliest
adopters of wireless data services. While seeking to extend our offerings in the
financial services sector, we also seek to move into other industries and market
segments in the United States and internationally. Since January 2000, we have
entered into the following acquisitions, investments, agreements and letters of
intent in pursuit of this strategy:
- We acquired Riverbed, a company that develops and licenses mobile data
management software. This acquisition gives us access to the industries
Riverbed currently serves, including healthcare, transportation logistics
and sales force automation.
- We acquired LocusOne, which develops wireless data systems for companies
that distribute goods and services using their own delivery fleets. This
acquisition extends our business to the transportation logistics and
delivery industry.
- We entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Reuters to form a new
company to develop wireless data systems in Europe, initially focusing on
the financial services industry.
- We formed a new company, Inciscent, to develop wireless e-mail, Internet
access and other applications for the small business and home office
market segments. We formed Inciscent with paging company Metrocall,
Internet service provider PSINet, investment firm Hicks, Muse, Tate &
Furst and other investors.
- We increased our investment in OmniSky, a company we formed with 3Com.
With our engineering assistance, OmniSky is developing wireless e-mail,
Internet access and other electronic transactions capabilities primarily
for the consumer market, and we have the right to offer these
capabilities to our business customers.
- We entered into a non-binding memorandum of understanding with Nextel
Finance Company to develop wireless data services using the Nextel
wireless communications network. Nextel and Aether plan to jointly
develop and market applications for mobile workforces in financial
services, transportation and other industries. Applications are being
planned for WAP-enabled Nextel phones as well as for Palm and Windows CE
devices that are connected to Nextel wireless phones.
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- We entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Proxicom, Inc., an
Internet consulting and development company, to jointly pursue
opportunities to provide wireless data services to companies.
- We entered into a non-binding letter of intent with CyberBills, an online
bill-paying service, to develop a wireless electronic bill presentment
and payment service for CyberBills' consumer distribution network.
In furtherance of our acquisition strategy, we routinely review and conduct
investigations of potential acquisitions. When we believe a favorable
opportunity exists, we seek to enter into discussions with the owners or
management regarding the possibility of an acquisition, investment or joint
venture. At any given time, we may be in discussions with one or more parties.
We are currently reviewing acquisitions, investments and joint ventures that
could extend our business into new areas.
Continue to develop the market for existing and new services in the
financial services sector. We believe that news, stock prices and other
financial information are among the most accessed content on the Internet. The
Internet has also enabled the growth of online trading activity. We have
targeted two types of financial services subscribers, individual investors and
market professionals, each of whom understands the value of receiving real-time
information and trading capabilities. We are currently focused on launching
commercial service for our most recent customers and attracting additional
financial institutions as customers.
Offer the widest range of software products that address every aspect of
wireless integration and mobile data management for mobile workers and
consumers. We plan to provide services and products that meet all mobile and
wireless software needs, including our AIM wireless integration software and the
ScoutWare mobile data management software suite. These offerings give corporate
software engineers a complete set of development tools for designing mobile and
wireless data applications for a wide variety of handheld devices and networks.
Continue to develop mass-market wireless applications like e-mail and
Internet access and bundle them with custom corporate applications. Our
involvement with OmniSky, a company we formed in August 1999 with 3Com, allows
us to combine, or "bundle," our custom corporate wireless data services with
wireless e-mail and Internet access offered by OmniSky. We also recently
announced the formation of our WAP Enterprise Center, which provides engineers
who develop applications for wireless phones that offer data services (so called
WAP smartphones) and the systems to support data communications to these
devices. Through our recent investment in Inciscent, we also plan to develop
wireless e-mail, Internet access and other applications for the small office and
home office market segments.
Expand our customer base and strengthen the Aether brand through enhanced
sales and marketing efforts. We are increasing our sales and marketing
expenditures significantly to increase our direct sales force and advertise the
Aether brand. We intend to build our sales force focused on companies that want
to provide wireless access to their data applications. As a result of our
acquisition of Riverbed, we are incorporating Riverbed's ScoutWare software
sales force with our AIM software platform sales effort. We will target large
corporations in industries that both invest heavily in technology and have
significant numbers of mobile customers or employees. In addition, we will
continue to build relationships with third party software developers who wish to
use our software platforms to provide their applications with wireless
capabilities. Our branding efforts will include advertising, public relations,
speaking engagements and sponsorship of major conferences.
Maintain and strengthen our strategic relationships with suppliers and
customers. A key to our ability to provide complete wireless data services to
our customers is our relationships with wireless network carriers and
manufacturers of wireless devices. These relationships take time to develop,
providing us with an advantage by getting our services to market before our
competitors. We intend to maintain and strengthen these relationships by
negotiating more cost-effective rate plans with existing wireless network
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carriers, testing our wireless services with providers of next-generation,
high-speed wireless networks and working with manufacturers and industry forums
to guide development of new devices and applications.
Apply the expertise we gain through engineering services and research and
development activities to emerging business opportunities. While we no longer
provide engineering services strictly to generate revenue, we do take on
engineering assignments that might allow us to embrace technological advances or
expand into new industry sectors or services. To this end, we have established a
new research and development division that will evaluate new technologies,
applications and business opportunities that demonstrate significant market
potential. The division will initially be staffed by seven engineers, including
our chief technology officer, who will head that division.
SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
The services and products we currently offer or are developing or acquiring
include:
- delivering wireless information and transaction services;
- software licensing; and
- providing engineering services for the design, development and support of
wireless data systems.
The following table sets forth summary information regarding services and
products we now offer or are developing or acquiring.
WIRELESS INFORMATION AND TRANSACTION SERVICES
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SERVICE USERS OF SERVICE DATE INTRODUCED REVENUE TYPE SERVICE DESCRIPTION
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EXISTING FINANCIAL SERVICES
Reuters MarketClip Individual investors March 1998 Monthly recurring Market quotes, news and alerts
TradeRunner Morgan Stanley Dean August 1999 Monthly recurring Equities and options trading,
Witter Online investors market quotes, news and alerts
F/X Alert Financial market September 1999 Monthly recurring Foreign exchange quotes, news and
professionals alerts
FINANCIAL SERVICES UNDER DEVELOPMENT
PocketBroker Charles Schwab online Monthly recurring Equities and options trading,
investors market quotes, news and alerts
PitViper Chicago Board of Trade Monthly recurring Entry and reconciliation of
floor traders commodities orders
Name to be determined National Discount Monthly recurring Equities and options trading,
Brokers online investors market quotes, news and alerts
Name to be determined Brokers or firms Monthly recurring Customer account access and
clearing through Bear trading, market quotes, news and
Stearns alerts
Name to be determined TD Waterhouse Investor Monthly recurring Equities and options trading,
Services online market quotes, news and alerts
investors
WIRELESS TRANSPORTATION & DELIVERY SERVICES
e-Mobile Delivery Physician Sales & Service January 1998 Monthly recurring LocusOne software suite and
MAC Papers September 1998 and/or licensing application service that enables
Office Depot June 1999 wireless transactions at the point
NuCo2 September 1998 of sale, customer contact or
Suntory Water Group August 1999 delivery
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SOFTWARE LICENSING
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PRODUCT LICENSEES OF SOFTWARE DATE OF CONTRACT REVENUE TYPE SOFTWARE FUNCTION
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Aether Intelligent Inciscent* Upfront and/or Allows for secure, efficient transport
Messaging per-user of data over wireless networks; also
licensing fees provides tools for wireless
applications development
ScoutWare Palm Computing September 1999 Per-user Riverbed ScoutWare software suite links
U.S. Postal Service June 1999 licensing fees mobile devices to corporate data
Becton Dickinson November 1999 systems, provides application
Oracle March 1999 development and management tools
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* We plan to license AIM to Inciscent for a one-time charge of $1 million. We
have licensed AIM to OmniSky on a royalty-free basis in connection with our
equity investment in OmniSky.
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ENGINEERING SERVICES
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CUSTOMER DATE OF CONTRACT REVENUE TYPE SERVICE DESCRIPTION
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Response Services Center January 2000 Engineering Develop location-tracking capabilities for
fees towing firms, vehicle fleets
Merrill Lynch October 1999 Engineering Develop wireless financial services for
fees financial professionals
OmniSky August 1999 Engineering Develop and provide e-mail, Internet access and
fees electronic transactions capabilities on wireless
handheld devices
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Wireless Information and Transaction Services
Our wireless information and transaction services and customers are
described below.
- Reuters MarketClip. In March 1998, we introduced the Reuters MarketClip
service, which delivers news stories, real-time financial market price
quotes, historical graphs and stock alerts from Reuters to Palm and
Windows CE devices. We charge individual subscribers a flat monthly fee
for unlimited usage of this service in addition to the fees charged by
the securities exchanges and markets for the right to view real-time
price quotes. The service operates using the wireless network systems
known as CDPD and Mobitex. These networks cover geographic areas that
enable us to provide service to more than 90% of the U.S. population. We
also continue to support AirBroker, a predecessor service to Reuters
MarketClip that provides market information using mobile phones.
- Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online TradeRunner. In August 1999, we
launched TradeRunner, a service that allows Morgan Stanley Dean Witter
Online's customers to trade stocks, mutual funds and options using Palm
devices. In addition, subscribers receive news stories, real-time
financial market price quotes, historical graphs and stock alerts from
Reuters. We charge Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online account holders who
subscribe to this service a flat monthly fee for unlimited usage, in
addition to the fees charged by the securities exchanges and markets for
the right to view real-time price quotes. Users pay Morgan Stanley Dean
Witter Online's regular commission fees for any trades. We support
TradeRunner through our customer service and network operations center.
The service operates using CDPD or Mobitex networks.
- F/X Alert. As a result of the Mobeo acquisition, we offer real-time
information on foreign exchange rates and selected commodities markets.
These services deliver time-sensitive financial information from Reuters
over wireless networks that reach the largest 100 metropolitan markets in
the United States. F/X Alert offers real-time price quotes, news and
alert tracking for more than 150 financial instruments including foreign
exchange, fixed income, futures/derivatives and commodities. In addition,
we continue to offer other Mobeo services, called Scrappy, Energy and
Pocket Futures, which track the scrap metals, energy and futures markets,
respectively, as well as Mobeo 1.0, a two-way financial market price
quotes and information service, similar to MarketClip, that operates
using the RIM 950 two-way pager.
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- Charles Schwab PocketBroker. In December 1999, we signed a definitive
agreement with Charles Schwab to develop a wireless financial trading and
information service for Schwab's brokerage customers. We are currently
testing a pilot version of the service. We and our network carriers have
agreed to pay for advertising and marketing of this service and match the
amount spent by Schwab up to an agreed upon maximum amount. In addition,
we have agreed to provide engineering support to implement Schwab's
service at no charge for two years. At launch, we will charge Schwab
customers who subscribe to this service a flat monthly fee for unlimited
usage.
- Chicago Board of Trade PitViper. In June 1999, we began a limited trial
of a wireless trade recording system, PitViper, for the Chicago Board of
Trade. This trial allows up to 15 users of Palm devices to track and
record trades executed on the floor. Once a trade is entered on PitViper,
the terms of the trade are transmitted to Chicago Board of Trade's trade
confirmation system. Traders can also access real-time price quotes for
commodities and futures as well as news stories. We expect that the
Chicago Board of Trade will make PitViper available to the approximately
3,500 Chicago Board of Trade floor traders if the trial succeeds. We
intend to charge individual subscribers a flat monthly fee for the
service.
- Additional financial services under development. We are also developing
wireless financial trading and information services for National Discount
Brokers, Bear Stearns and TD Waterhouse Investor Services. We announced
our agreement to build a wireless financial trading and information
service for National Discount Brokers in November. That agreement calls
for us to develop wireless stock-trading capability along with OmniSky's
wireless e-mail and Internet access on Palm, WindowCE and other devices.
The Bear Stearns project involves developing wireless trading
applications for its brokers, clients and other financial professionals.
We recently signed a letter of intent to develop a wireless financial
trading and information service for TD Waterhouse. The Bear Stearns and
TD Waterhouse projects are each in a preliminary stage, and we cannot
assure you that definitive agreements will be signed for either of them.
- Wireless transportation and delivery services (e-Mobile
Delivery). e-Mobile Delivery, a service we offer following our
acquisition of LocusOne, allows corporations to track customer orders,
inventory and fleet vehicle locations more efficiently. The e-Mobile
Delivery group of products offers comprehensive ways to automate the
point of customer contact, sales, delivery or service. These products
integrate with corporate data systems and work using a variety of wired
and wireless communications networks. LocusOne customers for the e-Mobile
group of products include Physician Sales & Service, MAC Papers, Office
Depot, NuCo2 and Suntory Water Group.
Software Licensing
We currently license our AIM software platform, which is the core
technology underpinning most of our wireless data services, and, through our
acquisition of Riverbed, license the ScoutWare software platform. We describe
these software platforms below.
Aether Intelligent Messaging
AIM is a package of wireless messaging software and development tools -- or
software platform -- that facilitates the development of wireless data systems.
We developed the AIM software platform in 1997 to improve the performance of
data delivery over wireless networks and to provide a development kit to speed
the software development process. We use the AIM software platform internally to
develop and support the wireless data services we offer our customers. We have
launched a program to license the AIM software platform to both software
developers and large corporations. Software developers can integrate the AIM
software platform with their applications to provide those applications with a
wireless capability. When the AIM-based application is sold, we can then earn
one-time revenue from per-user license fees or recurring revenue if the
application is run from our network operations center. Similarly, corporate
customers who develop AIM-based applications for their own use can pay us
license fees per user or recurring services fees if we host the application.
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How the AIM Software Platform Works. The diagram below illustrates how the
AIM software platform works to integrate sources of data with wireless networks
and devices. Data and applications come from internal corporate systems, such as
those at Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online, from public data sources via the
Internet or from proprietary systems such as Reuters Selectfeed Plus. The AIM
software platform then takes the data, replaces unnecessary or repetitive
message-header information with more streamlined tags, compresses and encrypts
it so the data can move quickly and securely outside the security system (or
"firewall"), controlling access to and from the source's network, and then sends
it over the airwaves using any of a number of wireless networks to the intended
device. Not all devices will work on all wireless carrier networks. Our AIM
software platform can be configured to support other networks as they are
developed and as customer needs require.
[HOW THE AIM SOFTWARE PLATFORM WORKS GRAPHIC]
The AIM software platform has the following features and benefits.
- The AIM software platform enhances the speed, efficiency and security of
data transmission over wireless networks. The AIM software platform
trims unnecessary electronic message tags and compresses data, with no
loss in the reliability of message delivery. As a result, users get data
quickly and at a low cost. The AIM software platform uses a sophisticated
technology known as elliptic curve cryptography, or ECC, which was
developed by Certicom, to encode the data so it cannot be read by a third
party that intercepts the data. Additionally, we recently reached an
agreement to use "digital signature" technology provided by Diversinet,
which authenticates the identity of the sender and recipient of such
messages.
- The AIM software platform simplifies programming required to convert data
into a form that can be transmitted over wireless networks. The AIM
software platform uses industry-standard programming languages and
includes application program interfaces. The AIM software platform comes
with a software development kit that provides programmers step-by-step
guides and
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automatically generates code for major system components based on the
options selected. As a result, programmers can focus on the business
objectives the system is designed to meet, rather than becoming immersed
in unfamiliar and complex software and wireless network protocols.
- The AIM software platform facilitates the interaction of major operating
systems on which most corporate applications run with the most widely
used wireless data networks and devices. To date, the AIM software
platform is compatible with the following wireless network carrier
protocols, mobile device operating systems and corporate operating
systems:
- wireless network carrier protocols: CDPD, Mobitex and ARDIS;
- mobile device operating systems: Palm computing platform, Windows CE,
two-way pagers and Windows 95/98/NT and their corresponding modems;
and
- corporate operating systems: Windows NT, Sun Solaris and Linux.
As a result, our business customers can offer a wide variety of
applications for wireless transmission, and end users can similarly choose from
a number of devices. Our engineers continually develop the capabilities of the
AIM software platform as new protocols, devices and systems emerge.
ScoutWare
Through our acquisition of Riverbed, we offer Riverbed's ScoutWare family
of software products. ScoutWare is a package of mobile data management software
and development tools that allows remote and mobile workers to exchange
information with corporate databases and the Internet. ScoutWare also gives
information technology personnel tools to manage, deploy and connect their
corporate data with handheld devices. We are in the process of integrating
ScoutWare with our AIM wireless integration platform, to offer customers a
complete set of wireless and mobile data solutions. ScoutWare products reside
both on handheld devices and on corporate computer servers. Mobile workers use
ScoutWare when they electronically exchange, or synchronize, data between their
handheld devices and corporate databases. There are four product categories in
the ScoutWare software suite -- ScoutSync, ScoutIT, ScoutArchitect and
ScoutWeb -- each of which is explained below:
- ScoutSync provides the core connection between a handheld device and a
corporate database. ScoutSync operates on both the Palm Operating System
and the Windows CE operating system to connect to a corporate network
using the common Internet protocol TCP/IP. Any number of remote devices
may be simultaneously connected to a single network, and the devices can
be a combination of Palm or Windows CE devices. ScoutSync can exchange
information either over a wireless network or through a cradle that is
connected to a computer linked to a corporate network. ScoutSync is made
up of four key components, illustrated in the diagram below:
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[HOW THE SCOUTSYNC SOFTWARE PLATFORM WORKS GRAPHIC]
(1) ScoutSync Client, a software application that is loaded
into the handheld device, allows the device to initiate and
carry out a synchronization session.
(2) ScoutSync Server, a software application that resides on a
computer workstation linked to the corporate network,
allows two-way communication between a device and corporate
data sources and lets system administrators monitor, update
and back up remote devices.
(3) ScoutSync Service, a set of computerized instructions that
resides on the ScoutSync Server, manages central processing
components, called "conduits," enabling them to transfer
data between the remote device and a corporation's software
programs.
(4) ScoutSync Conduit, a central processing component that
resides on a ScoutSync Server, carries out synchronization
tasks and can access and manipulate files and databases on
both the corporate database side and the mobile device
side.
- ScoutIT allows corporate information technology professionals to manage
the interaction between corporate databases and handheld
devices. Residing on a Windows NT server, ScoutIT allows information
technology managers to control how handheld devices share information
with corporate databases. Managers can administer a system allowing
thousands of remote devices to send and receive information from a single
location, including backing up and restoring data to ensure security,
upgrading and configuring applications and tracking how applications are
being used.
- ScoutArchitect is a package of software applications and software
developer tools that allows developers to create mobile-ready versions of
their corporate software applications. ScoutArchitect allows corporate
developers to quickly identify the most critical elements of a corporate
software application for a handheld device. Applications can be developed
independent of the software the device operates on or development
environment, allowing the customer to avoid reconstruction of critical
elements of an application when moving to different operating software or
development
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tools. ScoutArchitect also includes programmer and application interfaces
that allow independent software vendors to write handheld device
applications that can plug into their own applications and systems.
- ScoutWeb will allow handheld devices to receive Internet and intranet
data. Riverbed is developing ScoutWeb to manipulate data from the
Internet so that the data can be effectively used on mobile devices,
including WAP smartphones. We expect ScoutWeb will be available for
commercial use by March 2000.
Engineering Services
We began operations in 1996 by providing engineering services to businesses
seeking to develop wireless data systems. Our customers have included the U.S.
Postal Service and Reuters Group Overseas Holding(UK) Limited. Our engineers
have experience in developing wireless applications for a variety of businesses.
Since 1998, we have focused our efforts more on developing wireless data
services that will result in recurring subscription revenue to us. While we
therefore no longer provide engineering services strictly to generate revenue,
we do take on engineering assignments that might allow us to embrace
technological advances or expand into new industry sectors or services. In
addition to our contract with OmniSky, our current engineering services clients
include Response Services Center, LLC, an emergency vehicle response company,
and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated. Through our work with
Response Services, we hope to develop new services for the transportation
industry. Through our work with Merrill Lynch, we are developing wireless
financial information services for financial professionals. We generally charge
our clients for engineering time on an hourly basis or a per project flat fee.
OMNISKY
We believe we can provide our corporate customers with more attractive
service offerings by coupling general wireless applications like e-mail and
Internet access with custom corporate applications. Our involvement with
OmniSky, a company we formed in August 1999 with 3Com, allows us to achieve
this. OmniSky's main business objectives and strategies include those set forth
below.
- OmniSky will pursue opportunities in the emerging consumer and business
mass markets by developing a package of applications and services that
includes a selection of Web sites that have been customized for access
via wireless handheld devices, general Web browsing, access to a user's
existing e-mail account and selected Internet and electronic transaction
services.
- OmniSky intends to co-market this package with wireless network carriers
and Internet content providers in order to benefit from their brand
recognition and marketing channels. OmniSky may also seek to bundle its
service package with devices that are distributed by major national
computer retailers.
- OmniSky will seek to develop services that can access all platforms and
devices, rather than committing to a single device or network protocol.
- OmniSky is currently conducting a test program with approximately 6,800
Palm V users to obtain feedback on its initial service offering. OmniSky
expects to make this service commercially available in the second quarter
of 2000.
We have a 33% equity interest in OmniSky on a fully diluted basis in the
form of 10,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 1,439,809 shares of
Series B Preferred Stock. We have a letter agreement with OmniSky to provide
engineering services through June 2000 for the design and development of
OmniSky's proposed system and services, and OmniSky has a perpetual,
royalty-free license to use our AIM software platform. Additionally, we have a
two-year right of first refusal to design and develop custom systems and
applications for all services relating to investment banking and brokerage
activities.
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We also have the right to bundle OmniSky services for a period of five years as
an added feature to the other services we offer at a monthly cost to us of $3
per subscriber.
Our chairman, chief executive officer and president, David S. Oros, is a
member of the OmniSky board of directors. Janice M. Roberts, one of our
directors, is also a director of OmniSky. Patrick McVeigh, former vice president
of worldwide sales for the Palm Computing division of 3Com, serves as president
and chief executive officer of OmniSky and also serves on the OmniSky board of
directors. OmniSky is based in Palo Alto, California.
OPERATIONS
Engineering and Project Implementation
Our most important operational resource is our engineering staff. This
staff includes wireless systems engineers, software engineers who specialize in
developing applications for handheld devices and engineers who specialize in
systems integration and testing. We have steadily built our engineering ranks
from ten in 1998 to 133 in March 2000. Many of our engineers come from
engineering departments at established companies, including IBM, Westinghouse
Electric Corporation and UPS/Roadnet. Seven of our engineers, including our
chief technology officer, comprise our research and development division. This
group evaluates emerging technologies and business opportunities and plays a key
role in determining which projects to pursue.
Project implementation is critical to the effective delivery of services to
our customers. Projects generally consist of the following phases: project
definition, development, pilot testing, quality assurance and launch. Each
project has a project manager who works closely with the customer and
coordinates our engineers and our operations and marketing personnel through all
phases of the project. Our operations staff prepares documentation and training
manuals. During the product launch phase, we send operations teams to train
customer personnel on product use and support. Our marketing department works
closely with customers before commercial launch to coordinate advertising and
publicity.
Technology and Network Operations
We operate a secure network operations center at our headquarters in Owings
Mills, Maryland. We believe that this center is a vital component of our
wireless data service offerings and differentiates us from our competitors. By
outsourcing to us, our customers are relieved of the technology and operations
burden of managing a highly complex wireless data system. From our network
operations center, we maintain high speed data transmission lines (known as T1
connections) both to our customers' data sources and to the wireless data
networks we use. The center is equipped with Cisco and Hewlett-Packard
networking equipment, Sun Sparc UNIX servers and high-end clustered NT servers.
In the event of a power failure, we maintain backup power supplies, including
diesel-powered generators that are tested and serviced regularly. We believe our
network operations center is capable of meeting the security standards for
services we developed or are developing for our clients, who include Reuters,
Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online and Charles Schwab. The center is staffed from
8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern time on weekdays and is monitored 24 hours a day,
seven days a week. Through our acquisitions of Mobeo and LocusOne, we also
maintain network operation facilities in Bethesda, Maryland and Jacksonville,
Florida. We are planning to establish a backup facility in mid-2000.
In December 1999, we established the WAP Enterprise Center. The center is
comprised of engineers who develop applications for WAP smartphones and the
systems to support data communication to these devices. The center currently is
developing WAP-enabled financial trading applications that will work with WAP
smartphones and is exploring WAP-based opportunities with wireless carriers, WAP
vendors and enterprise customers.
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Sales and Marketing
We are expanding our sales and marketing efforts for our services in the
financial services and other industries as well as for software licensing. As of
March 2000, we had 63 sales and marketing professionals. We intend to grow this
number significantly in the next 12 months, with sales and marketing personnel
focusing on each industry we pursue, as well as a dedicated sales and marketing
team for software licensing. Our business development personnel and senior
executives also spend a considerable amount of time developing potential
customer relationships and selling and promoting our services. We intend to
spend an estimated $25 million on a branding campaign in 2000 including print
and television advertising. Our current customer segments, the services we sell
to them and how we reach them are described below.
- Individual investors and financial market professionals. We believe
individual investors are the primary subscribers to our wireless
financial information and trading services, such as MarketClip and
TradeRunner. Print advertising in finance-related publications is our
primary means of marketing these services. Our strategy is to share
marketing and advertising costs with our strategic partners and corporate
customers associated with particular services. Our customer service
center handles in-bound calls generated from these marketing efforts and
signs up new subscribers. We also seek to develop relationships with
financial institutions, whose market professionals become the end users
of our services, such as F/X Alert. We market our products through direct
sales executives in New York, Atlanta and Chicago and through occasional
advertising in financial trade publications.
- Companies that track inventory, deliveries and logistics. We target
sales of our e-Mobile Delivery service to companies that need to track
the movement of their drivers and inventories across broad geographic
areas on a real-time basis. Examples of customers include Physician Sales
& Service, MAC Papers, Office Depot, NuCo2 and Suntory Water Group. We
work with strategic partners, including Symbol Technologies, Intermec
Technologies Corp. and BellSouth Wireless Data to market e-Mobile
Delivery and maintain a staff of three sales and marketing professionals
who are located in Richmond, Virginia, Boston, Massachusetts and Atlanta,
Georgia. We plan to expand marketing efforts through direct mail and
advertising to transportation logistics personnel.
- Corporate software developers and independent software vendors. We
target as potential licensees of our AIM software platform large
corporations with significant mobile workforce who wish to develop their
own wireless applications, as well as software vendors and manufacturers
of handheld devices. As a result of our acquisition of Riverbed, we
target the same customer segments for the ScoutWare suite of mobile data
management products. Each of our salespeople offer AIM licensing along
with our full array of wireless data design, development and support
services. In our experience, corporate customers who initially sought
only to license our AIM software have often decided to purchase complete
wireless data communications systems and services from us. Riverbed has a
sales team of 30 dedicated to sales of its ScoutWare software and has
licensed this software to Palm Computing, the U.S. Postal Service, Becton
Dickinson, Oracle and others. As a result of our acquisition of Riverbed,
our combined sales forces target independent software vendors for
licensing of both AIM and ScoutWare through conferences, trade shows,
vendor forums and trade advertising.
- Engineering services clients. As part of our business development
effort, we seek out engineering assignments that might allow us to
embrace technological advances or expand into new industry sectors or
services.
Product Fulfillment, Customer Service and Billing
We provide product fulfillment, customer service and billing at our
customer service center, located at our headquarters. We maintain a modest
inventory of mobile devices and wireless modems, which we buy in bulk from
manufacturers and resellers. Our customer service representatives first verify
that a potential subscriber will have wireless network coverage where they plan
to use the service. For qualified subscribers,
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we load and configure custom software on mobile devices, activate wireless
modems and perform quality assurance checks. We then pack, ship and track the
product until the subscriber receives it. For end users who already own a
device, we provide only the modem and software application. We handle all repair
and warranty issues for devices we provide to our subscribers.
We train our customer service representatives to handle inquiries about our
services, device features and wireless communications. Our customer service
personnel are available weekdays from 8:00 a.m. until 8:00 p.m. Eastern time. We
currently employ ten customer service representatives and plan to triple that
number during the first half of 2000.
We handle customer billing for all subscription fees, device and modem
purchases, securities exchange and market fees and other charges. We bill
monthly for subscriber services, which our non-corporate customers must pay by
credit card. As a result, our billing system can support increases in our
subscriber base. We intend to enhance our billing capabilities as our needs
grow.
STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS
A key to our ability to provide complete wireless data services to our
customers is our relationships with third parties. These relationships take time
to develop, and we therefore believe they provide us with an advantage by
getting our services to market before our competitors. We maintain the strategic
relationships described below.
Wireless Network Carriers
We believe our relationships with wireless network carriers are mutually
beneficial. We believe we are among the largest buyers of wireless data network
capacity for many of the carriers we use. As a result, we are able to negotiate
favorable rates. Typically, we have one-year contracts to buy data network
capacity either for an agreed amount of kilobytes at a flat fee or on a
cents-per-kilobyte basis. We have contracts with Metrocall, AT&T Wireless
Services, Bell Atlantic Mobile, BellSouth Wireless Data, ARDIS, SBC
Communications, Inc. and GTE Corp. As a result, we can give our customers a wide
variety of wireless carrier choices.
Hardware and Software Vendors
Our services increase the usefulness of wireless handheld devices, and we
believe our services will increase sales of these devices. Mobile device
manufacturers have therefore assisted us in various projects we have undertaken.
We have worked closely with 3Com, an Aether investor, on the development of our
wireless applications for the Palm personal organizer. In August 1999, a
subsidiary of Ericsson, one of the largest manufacturers of wireless phones,
agreed to assist us in developing services using WAP phones and next-generation,
high-speed GPRS data networks. In December 1999, we announced a strategic
alliance with Phone.com to jointly pursue corporate customers using Phone.com's
WAP browser technology for Web-enabled smartphones and our development and
service capabilities. We participate in industry development groups dedicated to
bringing new applications to wireless data, such as the Palm developers group,
the WAP Forum and the Windows CE developers forum.
Financial Content Providers
Financial content providers supply us with real-time financial information,
which we provide to our wireless data subscribers. Reuters, which is an Aether
investor, is our primary provider of financial information and market data for
MarketClip and TradeRunner. We have a license to use information from Reuters
with an initial term extending through August 2001, and the term automatically
extends each year after that unless we or Reuters decide to end the license. We
also have a license to use financial data from Bridge Information Systems
America, Inc., another financial content provider, and its subsidiary Telerate,
Inc. We have agreements with the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq Stock
Market, Inc., the Chicago Board of Trade and the Options Price Reporting
Authority that authorize us to provide real-time price quotes.
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RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Riverbed
On March 6, 2000, we acquired Riverbed for shares of our common stock. In
the merger, we issued 4,537,281 shares of our common stock and converted
existing options held by Riverbed employees into options to acquire shares of
our common stock. If all current Riverbed options vest and are exercised, we
would be obligated to issue 862,480 shares of our common stock. As part of the
transaction, we are holding in escrow 270,000 of the shares payable to Riverbed
shareholders for 12 months to secure their post-closing indemnification
obligations to us and we have agreed to indemnify up to $40.5 million of damages
the sellers may incur. Immediately after the closing, we appointed two Riverbed
nominees -- E. Wayne Jackson and Robin T. Vasan -- to our board of directors.
As a result of our acquisition of Riverbed, the shareholders of Riverbed
became parties to the registration rights agreement we entered into at the time
of our initial public offering with several of our shareholders, and the
shareholders of Riverbed are deemed to have equivalent rights to the original
holders and their assignees. In addition, the shareholders of Riverbed, in the
aggregate, have the right to one additional shelf registration after October 20,
2000, or sooner if any of the original holders sell shares sooner pursuant to
Rule 144. The additional shelf registration is limited to the number of shares a
holder could sell under Rule 144.
Reuters Strategic Alliance
On February 8, 2000, we signed a letter of intent with Reuters to establish
a European wireless venture headquartered in the United Kingdom, which will be
initially focused on financial markets. The letter of intent provides that we
will acquire a 60% interest for $100 million and receive three of five board
seats. The letter of intent requires Reuters to contribute $21.6 million in cash
plus other assets in return for a 40% interest and Reuters will receive two of
five board seats. Dave Oros, our chief executive officer, will serve as chairman
of the new company and interim chief executive officer. The letter of intent is
not binding on us or Reuters and remains subject to definitive documentation and
our receiving money to fund the investment.
Metrocall
On March 17, 2000, we acquired for $10 million a 27.5% interest in
Inciscent in the form of Series A Preferred Stock. This newly-formed company
with Metrocall, PSINet, Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst and other investors was formed
to develop wireless e-mail, Internet access and other applications for the small
office and home office market segments. Under the voting rights agreement,
Aether will have the right to appoint two of the seven directors of Inciscent.
We also received registration rights, including two demand registration
rights that we can use after the earlier of the third anniversary of closing or
six months after an initial public offering. The registration rights agreement
grants us a right of first offer on additional issuances of Inciscent
securities.
We also entered into a co-sale agreement, which, among other things, will
require the holders of common stock to first offer any securities to Inciscent
and then to holders of at least 250,000 shares before selling the securities to
a third party and will further require all selling holders to first offer their
shares to holders of at least 250,000 shares. This agreement allows holders of
at least 250,000 shares to sell a pro rata portion of their stock to a third
party along with the selling holders to the extent the right of first refusal is
not exercised. If holders of at least 66.7% of the stock propose to sell their
shares to a third party, these selling holders are able to force the remaining
holders to participate in the sale. In connection with this investment, we will
also enter into definitive services agreements to provide Inciscent with a non-
exclusive, perpetual, non-transferable license to use our AIM software platform
for $1 million, to provide technical consulting and development services billed
on a time and materials basis, to host Inciscent's data transmissions on our
network operations center and to provide customer support. As part of our
investment we also acquired approximately 9.9% of the outstanding capital stock
of Metrocall for approximately $17 million.
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LocusOne
On February 3, 2000, we acquired all of the capital stock of LocusOne for a
purchase price of $40 million, including the retirement of a line of credit and
payment of the legal fees of LocusOne. At closing, we paid $20 million in cash
and granted options to acquire 308,500 shares to existing LocusOne employees. At
the closing of this offering, we will be required to pay the former LocusOne
holders $5.4 million and place $13.6 million in escrow to pay all remaining
obligations, which will be paid on December 31, 2000. In connection with this
acquisition, the two principal stockholders of LocusOne have entered into
non-compete agreements with us expiring on the later of February 2, 2002 or ten
months after their termination with LocusOne.
New Customers
On January 12, 2000, we signed a definitive agreement with Response
Services Center, LLC to develop an emergency roadside assistance system.
On December 28, 1999, we signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding
with TD Waterhouse to develop a wireless financial trading and information
service for its brokerage customers.
On November 4, 1999, we signed a definitive agreement with National
Discount Brokers to provide its investors with wireless financial trading and
information services, including OmniSky e-mail and Internet access.
On October 11, 1999, we signed an engineering services contract with
Merrill Lynch to develop a wireless financial information service for use by its
financial professionals.
Other Strategic Alliances
On February 15, 2000, we entered into a non-binding memorandum of
understanding with Nextel to provide wireless data services using the Nextel
wireless communications network for mobile workforces in financial services,
transportation and other industries.
On February 7, 2000, we entered into a non-binding letter of intent with
Proxicom, an Internet consulting and development company, to jointly pursue
opportunities to provide wireless data services to companies.
On January 27, 2000, we signed a non-binding letter of intent with
CyberBills to develop a wireless electronic bill presentment and payment
service.
On December 21, 1999, we announced an agreement to use "digital signature"
technology provided by Diversinet.
COMPETITION
The market for our services is becoming increasingly competitive. We
believe we offer the broadest range of services to businesses necessary to
enable the development, offering and ongoing support of wireless data
communication systems for their employees or customers. The widespread adoption
of industry standards may make it easier for new market entrants to offer some
or all of the services we offer and may make it easier for existing competitors
to introduce some or all of the services they do not now provide, or improve the
quality of their services. We expect that we will compete primarily on the basis
of the functionality, breadth, quality and price of our services. Our current
and potential competitors include:
- Wireless financial services providers, including W-Trade and 724
Solutions;
- Wireless communications software companies, including Phone.com, Nettech
Systems Inc. and Dynamic Mobile Data;
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- Wireless data services providers, such as Wireless Knowledge, a joint
venture of Microsoft and Qualcomm Incorporated, Research In Motion,
GoAmerica and Saraide.com, which was recently acquired by Infospace.com;
- Wireless systems integrators, such as IBM and GTE;
- Wireless network carriers, such as AT&T Wireless Services, Bell Atlantic
Mobile, Sprint PCS, Nextel Communications, Inc. and Metricom, Inc.; and
- Mobile data management software providers, including Puma Technology,
Inc., AvantGo, Inc. and Extended Systems, Inc.
Many of our existing and potential competitors have substantially greater
financial, technical, marketing and distribution resources than we do.
Additionally, many of these companies have greater name recognition and more
established relationships with our target customers. Furthermore, these
competitors may be able to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and offer
customers more attractive terms than we can.
Notwithstanding the increasing competitiveness of our market, we believe
that our potential competitors face substantial barriers to market entry.
Development of wireless data systems comparable to those we have already
developed is time consuming and costly. Moreover, the engineering talent
necessary to develop such systems is scarce.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
We own applications for federal registration or common law rights in the
following trademarks: AirBroker(R), Aether Technologies(TM), Aether(TM) and our
logo, Wireless Solutions for a Portable Planet(TM) Portable Planet(TM) and
e-Mobile(TM). In addition, we own federal trademark registrations for
LocusOne(TM). We do not have any federal trademark registrations in the name
"Aether," "AIM" or "e-Mobile" and we may not be able to obtain such
registrations due to conflicting marks or for other reasons. We have been
informed that another party claims intellectual property in the mark e-Mobile.
As a result of our acquisition of Riverbed, we also own applications for federal
registration or common law rights in the following trademarks: Riverbed
Technologies(TM), ScoutSync(TM), ScoutWeb(TM), ScoutWare(TM), ScoutIT(TM), Free
to Go Mobile(TM) and Solutions for the Mobile Enterprise(TM). Reuters and
Reuters MarketClip(TM) are the property of Reuters Group PLC. Morgan Stanley
Dean Witter Online TradeRunner(TM) is the property of Morgan Stanley Dean Witter
Online. This prospectus also includes trade dress, trade names and trademarks of
other companies. All other brand names or trademarks appearing in this
prospectus are the property of their respective holders.
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, service mark,
trade secret laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect certain
proprietary rights in our services. We have applied for a patent on our AIM
platform, which addresses the technology employed to integrate various data
sources with wireless networks and devices. Mobeo has applied for two patents
for its technology. Specifically, one patent application covers the method and
system for providing formatted information via a two-way communication system.
The other patent application covers the method and system for providing
localized information. Riverbed has applied for a patent on its ScoutWare(TM)
technology, which relates to a system and method for synchronizing information
records between a remote device and a server in a computer network. There can be
no assurances that these applications will be granted or, if granted, that
holders of other patents will not claim that the patents infringe their patents.
The steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property may not prove
sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technology or to deter independent
third-party development of similar technologies. The laws of certain foreign
countries may not protect our services or intellectual property rights to the
same extent as do the laws of the United States. We also rely on certain
technologies that we and Mobeo license from third parties including data feeds
and related software from Reuters Select Feed Plus and Bridge Information
Services and encoding technology from Certicom. In addition, our ScoutWare
software platform relies on a license of Prism software by SpyGlass, Inc. These
third-party technology licenses may
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not continue to be available to us on commercially attractive terms. The loss of
the ability to use such technology could require us to obtain the rights to use
substitute technology, which could be more expensive or offer lower quality or
performance, and therefore have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition or results of operations.
Third parties could claim infringement by us with respect to current or
future services. We expect that participants in our markets will be increasingly
subject to infringement claims as the number of services and competitors in our
industry segment grows. We have received two claims that we have infringed
patents developed by other parties. Although we believe these claims are without
merit, these and other intellectual property claims, with or without merit,
could be time-consuming and expensive to litigate or settle, could require us to
enter into costly royalty arrangements, could divert management attention from
administering our business and could preclude us from conducting our business.
Any such claim, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in
costly litigation, cause service installation delays or require us to enter into
royalty or licensing agreements. Such royalty or licensing agreements might not
be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. As a result, any such claim
could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition or
results of operations.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
We are not currently subject to direct federal, state or local government
regulation, other than regulations that apply to businesses generally. The
wireless network carriers we contract with to provide airtime are subject to
regulation by the Federal Communications Commission. Changes in FCC regulations
could affect the availability of wireless coverage these carriers are willing or
able to sell to us. We or OmniSky could also be adversely affected by
developments in regulations that govern or may in the future govern the
Internet, the allocation of radio frequencies or the placement of cellular
towers. Regulations of the SEC governing online trading could reduce the level
of online trading or the demand for wireless financial information. Also,
changes in these regulations could create uncertainty in the marketplace that
could reduce demand for our services or increase the cost of doing business as a
result of costs of litigation or increased service delivery cost or could in
some other manner have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition or results of operations.
We currently do not collect sales or other taxes with respect to the sale
of services or products in states and countries where we believe we are not
required to do so. We do collect sales and other taxes in the states in which we
have offices and are required by law to do so. Some jurisdictions have sought to
impose sales or other tax obligations on companies that engage in online
commerce within their jurisdictions. A successful assertion by one or more
jurisdictions that we should collect sales or other taxes on our products and
services, or remit payment of sales or other taxes for prior periods, could have
a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of
operations.
Any new legislation or regulation, or the application of laws or
regulations from jurisdictions whose laws do not currently apply to our
business, could have an adverse effect on our business.
EMPLOYEES
As of March 15, 2000, we had a total of approximately 291 employees, and
133 of these employees were engineers. None of our employees is covered by a
collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our relations with our
employees are good.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our principal offices are located in Owings Mills, Maryland in a 35,018
square foot facility under a lease expiring in February 2010 with no renewal
option. We also lease an aggregate of 44,048 square feet for our offices in Long
Beach, California, Boca Raton, Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, Bethesda,
Maryland, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, New York, New York, Richmond, Virginia and
Vienna, Virginia.
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings. However, we
may from time to time become a party to various legal proceedings arising in the
ordinary course of our business.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Immediately prior to our initial public offering, we converted from a
limited liability company to a corporation. In connection with this transaction,
our sole shareholder was the limited liability company which on September 20,
1999 voted as the sole shareholder to merge with and into the corporation. No
other matters were submitted to the Company's stockholders for consideration
during the quarter ended December 31, 1999.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE COMPANY'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SECURITY HOLDER
MATTERS
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK
Our common stock has been quoted on the Nasdaq National Market under the
symbol "AETH" since our initial public offering on October 20, 1999. Prior to
that time, there was no public market for the common stock. The following table
sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low prices per share of the
common stock as reported on the Nasdaq National Market.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HIGH LOW
---- ---
<S> <C> <C>
1999
Fourth Quarter (since October 20, 1999)..................... $89 3/8 $41 1/8
2000
First Quarter (through March 16, 2000)...................... $345 $73
</TABLE>
APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF EQUITY SECURITY HOLDERS
The number of record holders of the Company's common stock as of March 16,
2000 was 47. The Company believes that a substantially larger number of
beneficial owners hold such shares of common stock in depository or nominee
form.
DIVIDENDS
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock nor,
when we were organized as a limited liability company, have we made any
distributions to our members. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, to
support the development of our business and do not anticipate paying cash
dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of future dividends, if any, will
be at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account factors
such as our financial condition, operating results and current and anticipated
cash needs.
UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
In connection with our acquisition of Riverbed, we issued 4,537,281 shares
of our common stock on March 6, 2000. This issuance was exempt from registration
pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
PROCEEDS OF INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
On October 20, 1999, our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (SEC File No.
333-85697) for our initial public offering of 6,900,000 shares of common stock,
par value $0.01 became effective. The primary purposes of the initial public
offering were to obtain additional working capital, create a public market for
the Company's common stock and facilitate future access to public markets.
Additional information regarding the offering was provided in our report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999. For the quarter ending December
31, 1999, we used the proceeds for the following expenditures:
- We used approximately $14,830,000 of the net proceeds to repay in full
all indebtedness incurred under the senior secured interim credit
facility with Merrill Lynch & Co., one of the underwriters of this
offering, of which $11,570,000 was used to purchase Mobeo, approximately
$830,000 was used to pay fees and expenses related to the credit
facility, and the remaining $2,430,000 was allocated for general
corporate purposes.
- We used approximately $2,500,000 of the net proceeds to exercise warrants
in OmniSky and $4,600,000 to purchase Minstrel V Modems.
Since December 31, 1999, we have used the net proceeds for the following
additional investments and acquisitions:
- In January 2000, we invested $6.7 million in OmniSky to retain our 33%
equity interest.
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<PAGE> 23
- In February 2000, we acquired LocusOne for $40 million, of which $20
million was paid at closing, and the balance is due later in 2000.
- In March 2000, we acquired approximately 9.9% of the outstanding capital
stock of Metrocall for approximately $17 million.
The remaining net proceeds have been invested in short-term, investment
grade, interest-bearing instruments.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The table that follows presents portions of our consolidated financial
statements and is not complete. You should read the following selected
consolidated financial data together with our consolidated financial statements
and related notes and with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations" included elsewhere in this annual report on
Form 10-K. The consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended
December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, and the consolidated balance sheet data as of
December 31, 1998 and 1999, are derived from our consolidated financial
statements, which have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent auditors, and which
are included as exhibits to this report on Form 10-K beginning on page F-1. The
consolidated statement of operations data for the year ended December 31, 1996
and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 1996 and 1997 are
derived from audited financial statements that do not appear in this annual
report on Form 10-K. The historical results presented below are not necessarily
indicative of the results to be expected for any future fiscal year. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" in Item 7.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------------
HISTORICAL
----------------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 1999
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Revenue:
Subscriber revenue................................... $ -- $ 161 $ 549 $ 3,732
Engineering services revenue......................... 1,355 1,625 963 2,594
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total revenue................................... 1,355 1,786 1,512 6,326
Cost of subscriber revenue........................... -- 447 797 2,110
Cost of engineering services revenue................. 1,007 846 304 1,366
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total cost of revenue........................... 1,007 1,293 1,101 3,476
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Gross profit.................................... 348 493 411 2,850
Operating expenses:
Research and development............................. 161 734 1,267 2,614
General and administrative........................... 395 1,505 2,773 5,891
Selling and marketing................................ -- 333 840 2,095
Depreciation and amortization........................ 45 189 265 1,089
Option and warrant expense........................... -- 40 33 19,198
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total operating expenses.......................... 601 2,801 5,178 30,887
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Operating loss......................................... (253) (2,308) (4,767) (28,037)
Interest income, net................................... 8 7 70 (60)
Equity in losses of investments........................ (172) (144) -- (2,425)
Realized gain (loss) on sale of investments............ -- (302) 4 (169)
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss............................................... $ (417) $ (2,747) $ (4,693) $ (30,691)
========== =========== =========== ===========
Pro forma net loss per share-basic and diluted....... $ (0.04) $ (0.22) $ (0.29) $ (1.45)
========== =========== =========== ===========
Pro forma weighted average shares used in computing
net loss per share-basic and diluted.............. 10,554,795 12,655,901 15,916,383 21,207,225
========== =========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 24
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998 1999
---------- --------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash and cash equivalents................................ $ 51 $ 132 $ 1,755 $ 78,542
Working capital (deficit)................................ 181 (323) 7,519 83,128
Total assets............................................. 1,269 822 8,765 102,534
Total debt............................................... -- 150 -- --
Members' capital......................................... 1,101 74 8,030 --
Stockholders' equity..................................... -- -- -- 98,342
</TABLE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following description of our financial condition and
results of operations in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes
thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
Aether Systems, Inc. was originally formed as Aeros, L.L.C. in January
1996. We changed our name to Aether Technologies International, L.L.C. effective
August 1996 and to Aether Systems LLC effective September 1999. Immediately
before completing our initial public offering of common stock on October 26,
1999, the limited liability company was converted into a corporation called
Aether Systems, Inc.
Development of our business. From our inception until March 1997, we
primarily provided wireless engineering services, including the development of
wireless software applications for customers. In March 1997, we began offering
services that provide the users of wireless handheld devices access to real-time
financial information. During 1997, we made a strategic decision to focus a
significant portion of our engineering resources on the development of these and
other wireless data services and systems, including our AIM package of wireless
messaging software and software development tools (also known as a software
platform). This resulted in a decrease in engineering services revenue as a
percentage of total revenue and an increase in subscriber revenue as a
percentage of total revenue. We expect this trend to continue in the foreseeable
future. We also expect to derive revenue from licensing our software.
In August 1999, we formed a new company with 3Com called OpenSky, which was
renamed OmniSky in October 1999. We formed OmniSky with 3Com to pursue
opportunities in the emerging consumer and business mass markets for wireless
e-mail, Internet access and other electronic transactions applications. As of
February 15, 2000, we owned 33% of OmniSky. OmniSky is obligated to pay us $1.50
per month per subscriber for use of our network operations center. We have the
right to offer OmniSky's services to our subscribers in exchange for a monthly
fee to OmniSky of $3 per subscriber. On November 15, 1999, OmniSky launched its
service in a limited test phase of 5,000 subscribers and in January 2000
expanded the program to up to 7,000 subscribers. As of February 16, 2000,
OmniSky had enrolled approximately 6,800 subscribers. We provide engineering
services to OmniSky under a $3 million agreement that extends through June 2000.
On September 28, 1999, we acquired Mobeo, which provides employees and
customers of major banks and financial institutions with real-time price quotes
and news for foreign exchange, government securities and commodities markets on
wireless handheld devices.
On February 3, 2000, we acquired LocusOne, which provides wireless data
systems to companies that distribute goods and services using their own delivery
fleets. LocusOne had revenues of approximately $1.6 million and a net loss of
approximately $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 1999. LocusOne had
total assets of approximately $477,000 and stockholders' deficit of
approximately $2.8 million as of December 31, 1999.
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<PAGE> 25
On March 17, 2000, we invested $10 million to acquire a 27.5% interest in
Inciscent, a new company we formed with Metrocall, PSINet, Hicks, Muse, Tate &
Furst and other investors through which we plan to develop wireless e-mail,
Internet access and other applications for the small office and home office
market segments. As part of the investment, we also acquired approximately 9.9%
of the outstanding capital stock of Metrocall for approximately $17 million. As
part of our investment, we agreed to grant a perpetual AIM license to Inciscent
for $1 million, perform engineering services and application development, host
Inciscent's network operations and provide customer support.
On February 8, 2000, we signed a letter of intent with Reuters to establish
a European wireless venture, which will be headquartered in the United Kingdom
and initially focused on financial markets. The letter of intent provides that
we will acquire a 60% interest in the new company for $100 million. Our letter
of intent with Reuters does not commit either us or Reuters to form the new
company and remains subject to definitive documentation and the receipt of
proceeds from this offering to fund the investment.
On March 6, 2000, we acquired Riverbed, which develops software that
extends the accessibility of applications and information from corporate
networks and databases to handheld devices. Riverbed had revenues of
approximately $927,000 and a net loss of approximately $6.8 million for the year
ended December 31, 1999. Riverbed had total assets of approximately $11.0
million and a stockholders' deficit of approximately $6.3 million as of December
31, 1998.
Our subscriber and revenue information. Our subscriber base has
historically been derived from financial data and online trading services. The
following table shows the number of subscribers to our financial data services
and online trading services as of December 31 of each of the years shown.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1998 1999
---- ---- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Financial data services..................................... 116 656 4,288
Online trading services..................................... -- -- 277
--- --- -----
Total subscribers................................. 116 656 4,565
</TABLE>
The growth in subscribers over these periods was primarily the result of
the attraction of new subscribers to our services, the introduction of new
services and, in 1999, subscribers added through our acquisition of Mobeo. In
1997 our subscriber base was comprised of users of our AirBroker service.
Reuters MarketClip was introduced in March 1998 and produced the majority of our
subscriber growth in 1998. MarketClip provides real-time wireless access to
financial data. Reuters MarketClip yearly subscriptions started to expire in
March 1999 and 77.2% of all subscribers eligible to renew during the period from
March to December 1999 renewed their contracts for an additional one-year
period. In October 1999, we introduced Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online
TradeRunner. TradeRunner provides real-time wireless financial data and enables
subscribers to trade stocks and options using wireless handheld devices. The
introduction of online trading service subscribers was due to the launch of
TradeRunner in October 1999.
The majority of the growth in financial data services subscribers in 1999
is attributable to the acquisition of Mobeo, which had 3,294 subscribers as of
December 31, 1999. Mobeo's subscriber base is primarily attributable to its
foreign exchange products. Mobeo had 3,339 subscribers as of December 31, 1998
and 2,811 subscribers as of December 31, 1997. The net increase in Mobeo's
subscriber base from the end of 1997 to the end of 1998 was due to new
subscriptions of 1,660 and terminations of 1,132 subscriptions. The net decrease
in subscribers from December 31, 1998 to December 31, 1999 was due to the
termination of 1,186 subscriptions and the addition of 1,124 new subscriptions.
We believe that a substantial number of Mobeo subscriber terminations and
additions is the result of changes in personnel at financial institutions whose
traders are Mobeo subscribers. We believe the decrease in new subscribers
between 1998 and 1999 was caused by a consolidation among financial institutions
and the transition associated with the sale of Mobeo and its integration into
our operations. We plan to increase sales and marketing efforts with respect to
our foreign exchange services and to bundle the services with additional
applications. We expect that growth from online trading services will exceed
growth from financial data services as we introduce new services.
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<PAGE> 26
For the year ended December 31, 1999, our cost to acquire subscribers was
greater than the revenue we derived from those subscribers over the initial
one-year contract term. The cost to acquire subscribers during this period was
approximately $2.2 million and the contracts entered into during that period
provide for payments of approximately $499,000 during the one-year term of the
contracts. We expect that revenue from new customers will begin to exceed
subscriber acquisition costs when the number of subscribers increases to cover
our fixed costs. This will depend on the rate at which subscriber levels
increase, and we cannot determine when this will occur or assure you that it
will ever occur.
We expect to derive revenue from the licensing of our AIM software platform
and the ScoutWare software suite we acquired upon completion of our acquisition
of Riverbed. We also expect to derive licensing revenue associated with our
e-Mobile Delivery transportation logistics and delivery services. To date, we
have not received any revenue from licensing our AIM software platform.
LocusOne's revenue primarily consists of service revenue relating to
systems integration and ongoing support, software licensing and equipment sales.
LocusOne also receives recurring revenue for use of its network operations
center, which is expected to become a higher percentage of total revenue in the
future. LocusOne's customers include Physician Sales & Service, Inc., MAC
Papers, Inc., Office Depot, Inc., NuCo2, Inc. and Suntory Water Group. These
customers accounted for a substantial majority of LocusOne's revenue in 1999.
Riverbed's revenue primarily consists of fees generated from licensing
software and providing related services, including maintenance and technical
support, training and consulting. A substantial majority of Riverbed's 1999
revenue was received from 3Com, Extensity, Inc., Aether, Oracle and OmniSky.
Operating losses. Since our inception, we have invested significant
capital to build our customer service and network operations center.
Additionally, we have incurred significant operating costs to develop our AIM
software platform and other software applications and to grow our business. As a
result, we have incurred operating losses since our inception. Part of our
strategy is to continue to invest in business development, research and
development and marketing and advertising. In addition, our acquisitions of
Mobeo, LocusOne and Riverbed will result in option and warrant expense and very
significant amortization of intangible assets. As a result, we expect to
continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We currently derive our revenue primarily from the sale of wireless data
services and by providing wireless engineering services. Revenue from wireless
data services generally consists of:
- a one-time, non-refundable per-subscriber activation fee, which we
recognize upon service activation;
- monthly per-subscriber service fees, which we recognize as services are
provided; and
- monthly per-subscriber exchange fees for access to financial information
from the securities exchanges and markets, which we recognize as services
are provided. We pay a corresponding fee to the various exchanges and
markets on a regular basis.
We also derive revenue from providing our subscribers with the option to
purchase wireless handheld devices from us at cost, which we bill over the
initial term of the contract. Contracts with our wireless data subscribers are
generally for a one-year period and include a termination penalty if cancelled
by the subscriber before the one-year term expires. These contracts are
generally renewable at the option of the subscriber for additional one-year
periods or otherwise continue on a monthly basis until cancelled by the
subscriber. Revenue from wireless engineering services consists of amounts
billed to our customers for engineering time on an hourly basis or on a fixed
per project basis. This revenue is recognized as the work is performed. With the
acquisitions of LocusOne and Riverbed, we expect to derive revenue from software
licensing, including licensing fees, maintenance fees and support fees.
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<PAGE> 27
Cost of subscriber revenue consists primarily of airtime costs, financial
data costs, wireless handheld device costs and securities exchange and market
fees. Our airtime costs are determined by agreements we have with several
wireless carriers. Typically, we have one-year contracts to buy data network
capacity either for an agreed amount of kilobytes at a flat fee or on a
cents-per-kilobyte basis. Cost of engineering services revenue consists of cash
compensation and related costs for engineers, subcontractors and other
non-reimbursed, project-related costs. With the acquisitions of LocusOne and
Riverbed, we expect to incur costs relative to software licensing, including
royalty payments and personnel costs.
Research and development expenses consist primarily of cash compensation
and related costs for engineers engaged in research and development activities
and, to a lesser extent, costs of materials relating to these activities. We
expense research and development costs as we incur them. General and
administrative expenses consist primarily of cash compensation and related costs
for general corporate and business development personnel, along with rent and
other costs. Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising and
promotions, sales and marketing personnel, travel and entertainment and other
costs.
Depreciation and amortization expenses consist primarily of amortization of
intangible assets acquired in the Mobeo acquisition and depreciation expenses
arising from equipment purchased for our network operations center and other
property and equipment purchases. With the acquisitions of Mobeo, LocusOne and
Riverbed, depreciation and amortization expenses will consist primarily of
amortization related to goodwill and other intangibles to be recognized as a
result of these acquisitions and will be substantially higher.
Option and warrant expense consists of expenses recorded to account for the
difference, on the date of grant, between the fair market value and the exercise
price of options issued to employees and the fair value of equity-based awards
to non-employees. With the acquisitions of Mobeo, LocusOne and Riverbed, we
expect to have substantial additional option and warrant expense.
Other income (expense) consists of interest income, interest expense,
equity in losses of our investment in OmniSky, and realized losses on our
investments.
FISCAL YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997, 1998 AND 1999
Subscriber revenue. Subscriber revenue of $161,400 for the year ended
December 31, 1997 is attributable to our AirBroker service, which provides
real-time financial information via cellular phones. Subscriber revenue
increased to $549,057 for the year ended December 31, 1998 primarily due to the
launch of Reuters MarketClip in March 1998. Subscriber revenue increased to $3.7
million for the year ended December 31, 1999 as a result of an increase in
MarketClip subscribers, the introduction of TradeRunner and the acquisition of
Mobeo in September 1999. Services acquired from Mobeo contributed revenue of
$2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1999.
Engineering services revenue. Engineering services revenue decreased from
$1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $1.0 million for the year
ended December 31, 1998 and increased to $2.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 1999. The decrease in engineering services revenue from 1997 to
1998 was primarily due to our decision to focus our efforts on developing our
AIM software platform and wireless data services. One of our investors accounted
for approximately 37% of engineering services revenue for 1997. The increase
from 1998 to 1999 was primarily due to the contract with OmniSky described in
the section entitled, "-- Overview." We recognized $2.2 million under this
contract for the year ended December 31, 1999.
Cost of subscriber revenue. Cost of subscriber revenue increased from
$447,480 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $797,165 for the year ended
December 31, 1998 and to $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1999. We
began to incur costs of subscriber revenue in 1997 with the March 1997 launch of
our AirBroker service. The increase in the cost of subscriber revenue from 1997
to 1998 was primarily due to the launch of the Reuters MarketClip service in
March 1998. The increase from 1998 to 1999 was a result of an increase in
MarketClip subscribers, the introduction of TradeRunner and the
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<PAGE> 28
acquisition of Mobeo in September 1999. Cost of subscriber revenue from services
acquired from Mobeo totaled $859,223 in 1999. We expect the number of
subscribers for financial services and online trading services to increase
resulting in an increase in the cost of subscriber revenue. Mobeo has entered
into a new airtime supply agreement with a paging company. In the first quarter
of 2000, Mobeo will provide a new pager to each of its subscribers at no cost as
the existing pagers are not compatible with the new supplier's network. As a
result, we expect to record approximately $500,000 of expense in the first
quarter of 2000 relating to supplying these pagers.
Cost of engineering services revenue. Cost of engineering services revenue
decreased from $846,140 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $304,137 for the
year ended December 31, 1998 and increased to $1.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 1999. The decrease from 1997 to 1998 was primarily due to our
decision to focus our efforts on developing our AIM software platform and
wireless data services. The increase from 1998 to 1999 was primarily due to the
contract with OmniSky described in the section entitled, "-- Overview."
Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses
increased from $733,630 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $1.3 million for
the year ended December 31, 1998 and to $2.6 million for the year ended December
31, 1999. These increases in research and development expenses were primarily
due to the hiring of additional engineers for increased research and development
activities associated with the development of our AIM software platform and
wireless data services.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses
increased from $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $2.8 million
for the year ended December 31, 1998 and to $5.9 million for the year ended
December 31, 1999. These increases were primarily due to the addition of
personnel performing general corporate and business development functions.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses increased
from $333,191 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $840,455 for the year
ended December 31, 1998 and to $2.1 million for the year ended December 31,
1999. Of the increase from 1997 to 1998, $324,152 was due to an increase in
advertising and promotion costs related to the launch of Reuters MarketClip in
March 1998, and the remaining amount relates to an increase in personnel and
costs associated with sales and marketing. From 1998 to 1999, the increase
relates primarily to increases in the number of sales and marketing personnel.
This expense is expected to increase significantly in 2000 as a result of
increased spending in advertising.
Depreciation and amortization expenses. Depreciation and amortization
expenses increased from $189,160 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to
$264,685 for the year ended December 31, 1998 and to $1.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 1999. The increase from 1998 to 1999 was primarily due to
amortization of goodwill and other intangibles related to the Mobeo acquisition
and additional capital expenditures. We expect this expense to increase
significantly in 2000 as a result of our recent acquisition of Riverbed.
Option and warrant expense. Option and warrant expense decreased from
$40,277 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $32,580 for the year ended
December 31, 1998 and increased to $19.2 million for the year ended December 31,
1999. The changes in option and warrant expense for 1998 and 1999 reflect
changes in the extent to which options with exercise prices less than the fair
value on the date of grant were granted during the period. Approximately $16.5
million of the expense in 1999 relates to warrants granted to the chief
executive officer and other key executives which became fully vested as a result
of our initial public offering.
Interest income, net. Net interest income increased from $7,788 for the
year ended December 31, 1997 to $70,308 for the year ended December 31, 1998 and
decreased to net interest expense of $60,282 for the year ended December 31,
1999. The increase from 1997 to 1998 was primarily due to increased cash
balances as a result of our private placement financings completed in August
1998 and October 1998. The decrease to a net expense from 1998 to 1999 relates
to interest and related expense of a loan that funded the purchase price of
Mobeo, partially offset by interest earned on the proceeds from our initial
public offering. The loan was repaid at the time of our initial public offering.
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<PAGE> 29
Equity in losses of investments. Our equity in the loss of Real World
Solutions, a joint venture, and Navox, Inc., was $144,825 for the year ended
December 31, 1997. This amount related to losses of Real World Solutions and
Navox recorded by us under the equity method of accounting. The $2.4 million of
equity in losses of investments in 1999 relates to our proportionate share of
losses in OmniSky under the equity method of accounting.
Realized loss on sale of investment. In the year ended December 31, 1997,
we sold our interest in Real World Solutions and recorded a loss of $302,145. In
the year ended December 31, 1999, we recorded a loss of approximately $169,000
resulting from the sale of short-term investments.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Since our inception, we financed our operations primarily through private
placements of our equity securities and our initial public offering, which in
the aggregate resulted in net proceeds of $116.8 million through December 31,
1999. As of December 31, 1999, we had $80.6 million in cash and short-term
investments and $83.1 million of working capital.
Net cash used in operating activities was $1.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 1997, $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $12.1
million for the year ended December 31, 1999. The principal use of cash in each
of these periods was to fund our losses from operations. In October 1999, the
Company agreed to pay for the purchase of 25,000 Minstrel V modems from OmniSky
for a price per modem of $230. OmniSky has an exclusive buying arrangement with
Novatel for Minstrel V modems, which began in December and runs through March
2000. As of December 31, 1999 we have paid for 20,000 of the 25,000 modems for a
total purchase price of $4.6 million. The modems are being delivered to us
through April 2000.
Net cash used in investing activities was $209,723, for the year ended
December 31, 1997, $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $12.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1999. Cash used in investing activities
for the year ended December 31, 1997 was primarily for the purchase of property
and equipment offset in part by proceeds from the sale of our joint venture
interest in Real World Solutions. Cash used in investing activities for the year
ended December 31, 1998 was primarily for the purchase of short-term
investments. For the year ended December 31, 1999, we invested a net of $3.9
million in short-term investments, $11.5 million to acquire Mobeo, $2.5 million
to increase our investment in OmniSky to 33% and $2.4 million in property and
equipment.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.8 million for the year
ended December 31, 1997, $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 and
$101.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1999. Cash provided by financing
activities in 1997 and 1998 was primarily attributable to proceeds from private
sales of our equity securities and cash provided by financing activities in 1999
consisting primarily of proceeds from our initial public offering. On September
28, 1999, we borrowed $14.8 million under a senior secured interim credit
facility with Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated, one of the underwriters of our initial public offering, and
Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation for the primary purpose of funding the
acquisition of Mobeo. On October 26, 1999, we completed our initial public
offering and raised net proceeds (after expenses of the offering) of
approximately $101.1 million. A portion of the proceeds of the initial public
offering was used to pay off the $14.8 million loan.
On January 18, 2000, OmniSky sold equity capital through a private
placement and as a result we invested $6.7 million to retain our 33% interest in
OmniSky.
On February 3, 2000, we acquired the capital stock of LocusOne for a
purchase price of $40 million, including $21 million in cash at the time of
closing. The remaining $19 million is in the form of two notes. One note
totaling $5.4 million was repaid on March 22. The remaining $13.6 million note
is payable at December 31, 2000 and will be repaid with proceeds we placed in
escrow on March 22.
On March 17, 2000, we acquired a 27.5% interest in Inciscent for $10
million, a new company we formed with Metrocall, PSINet, Hicks, Muse, Tate &
Furst and other investors through which we plan to
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<PAGE> 30
develop wireless e-mail, Internet access and other applications for the small
office and homeoffice market segments. As part of the investment, we also
acquired approximately 9.9% of the outstanding capital stock of Metrocall for
approximately $17 million.
For 2000, we expect to have the following additional expenditures and
requirements:
- On February 8, 2000, we signed a letter of intent with Reuters to
establish a European wireless company headquartered in the United
Kingdom, which will be initially focused on financial markets. The letter
of intent provides that we will acquire a 60% interest in the company for
$100 million. The formation of this company remains subject to definitive
documentation.
- We estimate we will pay $25 million to enhance our sales and marketing
activities, $12 million of which we have already committed to spend for a
nationwide broadcast and print branding and advertising campaign.
- Other potential acquisitions, investments and agreements we may identify.
On March 22, 2000, we completed a public offering of 5,411,949 shares of
our common stock at $205 per share and $310,500,000 principal amount of 6%
convertible subordinated notes due 2005.
We currently anticipate that our available cash resources combined with the
net proceeds from our recent common stock and convertible notes offering will be
sufficient to fund our operating needs for at least the next 12 months,
including the expansion of our sales and marketing program. We expect that our
available cash resources combined with the net proceeds from these offerings
will also support our current acquisition strategy during this period.
YEAR 2000 IMPACT
Many currently-installed computer systems and software products are coded
to accept or recognize only two digits rather than four digits to define the
year in the date code field. These systems and software products need to accept
four digit year entries to distinguish 21st century dates from 20th century
dates. Systems and products that are not corrected to do this could cause a
disruption of operations including a temporary inability to process
transactions, send invoices or engage in other normal business activities. We
maintain a significant number of computer software systems and operating systems
across our entire organization, which are potentially subject to year 2000
problems. Although January 1, 2000 has passed without any disruption of
operations, problems related to the year 2000 could still surface.
The discussion below includes the products and infrastructure of Aether and
its recent acquisition, Mobeo, except where noted.
We took several steps to prepare for the year 2000 transition. We developed
all our in-house software, including our AIM software platform, using four digit
date codes. We run all these applications on hardware and operating systems that
we have determined are year 2000 compliant. The Reuters MarketClip and Morgan
Stanley Dean Witter Online TradeRunner applications have operated successfully
in the year 2000. All our computer hardware has been inventoried and checked
against the manufacturers' year 2000 compliance declarations. All non-compliant
hardware was upgraded, or replaced. All third-party software, including
operating systems and applications, has been inventoried and checked against the
manufacturers' compliance statements. We upgraded and fixed software as
recommended by the manufacturers.
We received assurances from external entities that could affect our
business. We have on file the compliance statements of our data providers,
landline and wireless network carriers, device manufacturers and current
corporate customers whose systems might impact our own systems.
We have reviewed potential failures that may yet arise as a result of the
year 2000 transition. With the assistance of an outside consultant, we conducted
a business impact analysis and mapped the most critical of these failures into a
contingency plan that identified proactive measures to be taken to prepare
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for system failures as well as those people responsible. In the event of a
material system or product failure in spite of our efforts to date, a crisis
management plan has been developed and is in place if needed.
The most likely worst case scenario would be the failure of the landline or
wireless networks that carry data to us or from us to our customers. If this
happened, we would not be able to deliver our services to our customers and we
may lose revenue.
Although we have taken the steps described above to make our systems year
2000 compliant and have experienced no year 2000 disruptions to date, we may
experience material problems and expenses associated with year 2000 compliance
that could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial
condition. If the assurances we or our acquired companies have received from
third parties regarding their compliance is inaccurate we may experience
disruption resulting in additional expense and loss of revenue. We are also
subject to outside forces that might generally affect industry and commerce,
such as year 2000 compliance failures by utility or transportation companies. If
our customers experience disruptions related to our services and software
systems, they may begin litigation against us even if the disruptions were
caused by their own systems or software provided by others.
We have purchased most of our equipment within the last four years, which
has kept the costs of year 2000 compliance efforts to a minimum. All
non-compliant software and equipment has been upgraded or replaced at a cost
that is not material to us and our total costs relating to year 2000 compliance
have been less than $100,000. Based on our review of compliance to date, we do
not expect any future costs related to year 2000 compliance to be material.
Riverbed was established in October 1998 and thus substantially all of its
network systems, personal computers, laptop computers and handheld computers
were purchased during 1999. Equipment and applications were purchased only from
vendors with favorable year 2000 compliance statements. Riverbed software
applications were tested for year 2000 compliance and defects were repaired. No
disruption of operations occurred during the transition to January 1, 2000.
LocusOne validated its hardware and software systems against vendor
compliance statements. One server was determined to be non-compliant and was
replaced. The software of one of LocusOne's wireless network carriers had
several year 2000 formatting problems that LocusOne accommodated in its software
and procedures. These formatting problems do not affect the operation of the
wireless service. LocusOne tested its software and systems for year 2000
compliance and all systems and services functioned properly. No disruption of
operations occurred during the transition to January 1, 2000.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." The new standard establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative
instruments embedded in other contracts and for hedging activities. This
statement, as amended, is effective for all fiscal quarters beginning after June
15, 2000. We do not expect SFAS No. 133 to have a material effect on its
financial position or results of operations.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS
A number of factors, including those discussed below, may affect the
Company's future operating results.
Our future results are uncertain because our historical revenue was derived from
services other than those we expect to be the focus of our business in the
future.
We only have a limited history selling our current services on which you
can evaluate our business, financial condition and operating results. Although
we commenced operations in January 1996, until March 1997 all of our revenue
came from engineering services and not from monthly service subscriptions or
software licensing which we now provide and which will be our focus in the
future. In 1997, 91.0% of our revenue was from engineering services and 9.0% was
from subscriber revenue. In 1998, 63.7% of our
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revenue was from engineering services and 36.3% was from subscriber revenue. In
1999, 41.0% of our revenue was from engineering services and 59.0% was from
subscriber revenue. We have not had any AIM licensing revenue. In addition, our
monthly service subscriptions have come exclusively from subscriptions to our
financial data and online trading services, and our strategy includes
development of services in other industries. Because of this change in focus and
our recent acquisitions, you should not rely on our past performance to evaluate
our future performance.
We have historically incurred losses and these losses may increase in the
future.
We reported net losses of $2.7 million, $4.7 million and $30.7 million for
the years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. Our amortization
of intangible assets and option and warrant expense will grow significantly as a
result of recent acquisitions. In addition, we expect to continue to incur
significant sales and marketing, systems development and administrative
expenses. Therefore, we will need to generate significant revenue to become
profitable and sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. We expect
to continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future. As a result,
we may not be able to achieve profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
There is no established market for our financial data and other services and we
may not be able to sell enough of our services to become profitable.
The markets for wireless data and transaction services are still emerging
and continued growth in demand for and acceptance of these services remains
uncertain. Current barriers to market acceptance of these services include cost,
reliability, functionality and ease of use. We cannot be certain that these
barriers will be overcome. We are currently developing financial trading
services for TD Waterhouse Investor Services, Inc. and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.
pursuant to preliminary agreements with these parties. We cannot assure you that
these parties will enter into contracts for our services or that products
developed for our other customers will result in revenue. Our competitors may
develop alternative wireless data communications systems that gain broader
market acceptance than our systems. If the market for our services does not
grow, or grows more slowly than we currently anticipate, we may not be able to
attract customers for our services and our revenues would be adversely affected.
Our recent acquisitions, investments and strategic alliances may not deliver the
value we paid or will pay for them and may result in excessive expenses if we do
not successfully integrate them, or if the costs and management resources we
expend in connection with the integrations exceed our expectations.
We expect that our recent acquisitions, investments and strategic alliances
and any acquisitions, investments or strategic alliances we may pursue in the
future will have a continuing, significant impact on our business, financial
condition and operating results. The value of these transactions may be less
than the amount we paid for them or invested if there is:
- a decline of their position in the respective markets they serve; or
- a decline in general of the markets they serve.
The expenses associated with these transactions may be greater and their
revenue may be smaller than expected if:
- we fail to assimilate the acquired assets with our pre-existing business;
- we lose key employees of these companies or Aether as a result of the
acquisitions;
- our management's attention is diverted by other business concerns; or
- we assume unanticipated liabilities related to the acquired assets.
In addition, the companies we have acquired or invested in or may acquire
or invest in are subject to each of the business risks we describe in this
section, and if they incur any of these risks the businesses may not be as
valuable as the amount we paid. Further, we cannot guarantee that we will
realize the
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benefits or strategic objectives we are seeking to obtain by acquiring these
companies. In addition, we cannot assure you that our various acquisitions,
investments and strategic alliances will be completed on the terms we describe,
or at all.
We may not achieve profitability if we are unable to maintain, improve and
develop the wireless data services we offer.
We believe that our future business prospects depend in part on our ability
to maintain and improve our current services and to develop new ones on a timely
basis. Our services will have to achieve market acceptance, maintain
technological competitiveness and meet an expanding range of customer
requirements. As a result of the complexities inherent in our service offerings,
major new wireless data services and service enhancements require long
development and testing periods. We may experience difficulties that could delay
or prevent the successful development, introduction or marketing of new services
and service enhancements. Additionally, our new services and service
enhancements may not achieve market acceptance. If we cannot effectively develop
and improve services we may not be able to recover our fixed costs or otherwise
become profitable.
If we do not respond effectively and on a timely basis to rapid technological
change, our services may become obsolete and we may lose sales.
The wireless and data communications industries are characterized by
rapidly changing technologies, industry standards, customer needs and
competition, as well as by frequent new product and service introductions. Our
services are integrated with wireless handheld devices and the computer systems
of our corporate customers. Our services must also be compatible with the data
networks of wireless carriers. We must respond to technological changes
affecting both our customers and suppliers. We may not be successful in
developing and marketing, on a timely and cost-effective basis, new services
that respond to technological changes, evolving industry standards or changing
customer requirements. Our ability to grow and achieve profitability will
depend, in part, on our ability to accomplish all of the following in a timely
and cost-effective manner:
- effectively use and integrate new wireless and data technologies;
- continue to develop our technical expertise;
- enhance our wireless data, engineering and system design services;
- develop applications for new wireless networks; and
- influence and respond to emerging industry standards and other changes.
We depend upon wireless networks owned and controlled by others. If we do not
have continued access to sufficient capacity on reliable networks, we may be
unable to deliver services and our sales could decrease.
Our ability to grow and achieve profitability partly depends on our ability
to buy sufficient capacity on the networks of wireless carriers such as AT&T
Wireless Services or Bell Atlantic Mobile and on the reliability and security of
their systems. All of our services are delivered using airtime purchased from
third parties. We depend on these companies to provide uninterrupted and "bug
free" service and would not be able to satisfy our customers' needs if they
failed to provide the required capacity or needed level of service. In addition,
our expenses would increase and our profitability could be materially adversely
affected if wireless carriers were to increase the prices of their services. Our
existing agreements with the wireless carriers generally have one-year terms.
Some of these wireless carriers are, or could become, our competitors and if
they compete with us they may refuse to provide us with their services.
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Our failure to develop recognition for the Aether brand could prevent us from
achieving a profitable level of sales.
Our sales and marketing activities to date have been limited. Our sales and
marketing expenses were $840,455 for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $2.1
million for 1999. We intend to increase the market presence of our brand over
time, which will require us to substantially increase the amount we spend on
sales and marketing. We expect to spend an estimated $25 million in 2000 on
sales and marketing. We have applied for, but have not received, federal
trademark registrations for the names "Aether," "Aether Systems" and "AIM," and
we may not be able to use these names effectively or at all if we fail to obtain
such registrations due to conflicting marks or otherwise. As a result of our
recent acquisitions of Mobeo, LocusOne and Riverbed, we expect to market our
acquired products and services under their existing brands. We may lose existing
customers or fail to attract new customers if these brands are not well received
by our customers, if our marketing efforts are not productive, if we are
otherwise unsuccessful in increasing our brand awareness or if our competition
has greater brand recognition.
We depend on third parties for the marketing and sales of some of our services.
If the marketing efforts of these third parties are not effective, we may not
achieve a profitable level of sales.
We rely substantially on the efforts of others to market and sell some of
our wireless data communications services, in particular the online trading
services we have developed for Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online and are
developing for Charles Schwab and other financial institutions. We believe that
third parties paid over $380,000 in marketing expenses in 1999 related to our
products, which represented 15% of sales and marketing expenses incurred in
connection with our services. We cannot control whether or how these third
parties who sell and market our services will perform their obligations to
market our services. If these third parties fail to market our services or their
efforts fail to result in new customers, we may be unable to attract new
customers and our revenue could be adversely effected.
We may fail to support our anticipated growth in operations which could reduce
demand for our services and materially adversely affect our revenue.
Our business strategy is based on the assumption that the number of
subscribers to our services, the amount of information they want to receive and
the number of services we offer will all increase. We must continue to develop
and expand our systems and operations to accommodate this growth. The expansion
and adaptation of our customer service and network operations center requires
substantial financial, operational and management resources. We may be unable to
expand our operations for one or more of the following reasons:
- we may not be able to locate or hire at reasonable compensation rates
qualified engineers and other employees necessary to expand our capacity;
- we may not be able to obtain the hardware necessary to expand our
capacity;
- we may not be able to expand our billing and other related support
systems; and
- we may not be able to obtain sufficient additional capacity from wireless
carriers.
Due to the limited deployment of our services to date, the ability of our
systems and operations to connect and manage a substantially larger number of
customers while maintaining superior performance is unknown. Any failure on our
part to develop and maintain our wireless data services as we experience rapid
growth could significantly reduce demand for our services and materially
adversely affect our revenue.
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We depend on recruiting and retaining key management and technical personnel
with wireless data and software experience and we may not be able to develop new
products or support existing products if we cannot hire or retain qualified
employees.
Because of the technical nature of our products and the dynamic market in
which we compete, our performance depends on attracting and retaining key
employees. Competition for qualified personnel in the wireless data and software
industries is intense and finding qualified personnel with experience in both
industries is even more difficult. We believe there are only a limited number of
individuals with the requisite skills in the field of wireless data
communication, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to hire and retain
these persons. Competitors and others have in the past attempted, and may in the
future attempt, to recruit our employees. Each of our engineers has entered into
a non-compete agreement with us for a period of ten months after they leave
Aether. These agreements will not prevent our engineers from leaving or working
for competitors relatively soon after they leave us.
We currently maintain a key person life insurance policy for David S. Oros,
our chairman, chief executive officer and president. We do not maintain
insurance policies for any of our other executive officers.
We may not have adequately protected our intellectual property rights, which
could allow competitors to develop similar products using similar technology and
thus reduce our sales and revenue.
We have attempted to protect our technology, including the technology we
have obtained or will obtain in our acquisition, through patent, trademark and
copyright protection, as well as through trade secret laws and non-competition
and non-disclosure agreements with key employees. Patents may infringe on valid
patents held by third parties, or patents held by third parties may limit the
scope of any patents we receive. In particular, the patent we acquired in our
acquisition of Riverbed covers a technology that is subject to a number of
patents. In addition, Riverbed has no international patent protection in its
technology. If we are not adequately protected, other companies with sufficient
engineering expertise could quickly develop competing products based on our
intellectual property and reduce our sales and thus our revenue.
We may be sued by third parties for infringement of their intellectual property
rights and incur costs of defense and possibly royalties or lose the right to
use technology important to providing our services.
The telecommunications and software industries are characterized by the
existence of a large number of patents and frequent litigation based on
allegations of patent infringement or other violations of intellectual property
rights. As the number of participants in our market increases, the possibility
of an intellectual property claim against us could increase. We have received
two claims that we have infringed patents developed by other parties. Although
we believe these claims are without merit, these and any other intellectual
property claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming and expensive to
litigate or settle, could require us to enter into costly royalty arrangements,
could divert management attention from administering our business and could
preclude us from conducting our business.
We may be subject to liability for transmitting information, and our insurance
coverage may be inadequate to protect us from this liability.
We may be subject to claims relating to information transmitted over
systems we develop or operate. These claims could take the form of lawsuits for
defamation, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement or other actions
based on the nature and content of the materials. Although we carry general
liability insurance, our insurance may not cover potential claims of this type
or may not be adequate to cover all costs incurred in defense of potential
claims or to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed.
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Disruption of our services due to accidental or intentional security breaches
may harm our reputation causing a loss of sales and could increase our expenses.
A significant barrier to the growth of wireless data services or
transactions on the Internet or by other electronic means has been the need for
secure transmission of confidential information. Our systems could be disrupted
by unauthorized access, computer viruses and other accidental or intentional
actions. We may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of
security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches. If a third
party were able to misappropriate our users' personal or proprietary information
or credit card information, we could be subject to claims, litigation or other
potential liabilities that could materially adversely impact our revenue and may
result in the loss of customers.
Any type of systems failure could reduce sales, increase costs or result in
claims of liability.
Our existing wireless data services -- TradeRunner, Reuters MarketClip and
its predecessor AirBroker and the Mobeo services -- are dependent on real-time,
continuous feeds from Reuters Selectfeed Plus and others. The ability of our
subscribers to make securities trades through Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online
requires timely and uninterrupted connections with our wireless network
carriers. Any disruption from our satellite feeds or backup landline feeds could
result in delays in our subscribers' ability to receive information or execute
trades. There can be no assurance that our systems will operate appropriately if
we experience a hardware or software failure or if there is an earthquake, fire
or other natural disaster, a power or telecommunications failure, intentional
disruptions of service by third parties, an act of God or an act of war. A
failure in our systems could cause delays in transmitting data, and as a result
we may lose customers or face litigation that could involve material costs and
distract management from operating our business.
Our ability to sell new and existing services at a profit could be impaired by
competitors.
Intense competition could develop in the market for services we offer. We
developed our software using standard industry development tools. Many of our
agreements with wireless carriers, wireless handheld device manufacturers and
data providers are non-exclusive. Our competitors could develop and use the same
products and services in competition with us. With time and capital, it would be
possible for competitors to replicate our services. Our competitors could
include wireless network carriers such as AT&T Wireless Services and Bell
Atlantic Mobile, software developers such as Microsoft Corporation, 724
Solutions Inc. and Phone.com and systems integrators such as International
Business Machines Corporation. Many of our competitors have significantly
greater resources than we do. Furthermore, competitors may develop a different
approach to marketing the services we provide in which subscribers may not be
required to pay for the information provided by our services. Competition could
reduce our market share or force us to lower prices to unprofitable levels.
Additional information regarding our competition is described under "Item
1 -- Business -- Competition."
We may lose the opportunity to pursue desirable projects to OmniSky and the
company we plan to form with Reuters.
David S. Oros, our chairman, chief executive officer and president, also
serves as a director of OmniSky and Janice M. Roberts, one of our directors, is
also a director of OmniSky. OmniSky is a separate business in which we have an
equity interest that is developing applications for wireless access to the
Internet and related applications such as wireless e-mail. David S. Oros will
serve as chairman and interim chief executive officer of our European strategic
alliance with Reuters. This company will be a separate business that will
provide wireless data applications in Europe. Mr. Oros and Ms. Roberts may learn
of business opportunities that are appropriate for OmniSky and us, and Mr. Oros
may learn of business opportunities that are appropriate for our pending
strategic alliance with Reuters and us, and Mr. Oros and Ms. Roberts may not be
required to make those opportunities available to us. If OmniSky or our
strategic alliance with Reuters pursue opportunities that we would have an
interest in pursuing, our business may fail to grow or our existing business may
suffer. Mr. Oros and Ms. Roberts may also have other conflicts of interest with
Aether because of their positions with OmniSky, and OmniSky's contractual
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relationships with Aether and 3Com. Mr. Oros may also have other conflicts of
interest with Aether because of his position with the strategic alliance with
Reuters and its contractual relationships with Aether.
An interruption in the supply of products and services that we obtain from third
parties could cause a decline in sales of our services, and products we purchase
to avoid shortages may become obsolete before we can use them.
In designing, developing and supporting our wireless data services, we rely
on wireless carriers, wireless handheld device manufacturers, content providers
and software providers. These suppliers may experience difficulty in supplying
us products or services sufficient to meet our needs or they may terminate or
fail to renew contracts for supplying us these products or services on terms we
find acceptable. Any significant interruption in the supply of any of these
products or services could cause a decline in sales of our services unless and
until we are able to replace the functionality provided by these products and
services. Specifically, Novatel Wireless and Sierra Wireless Inc. are our only
suppliers of wireless modems, which are an integral hardware component of our
services. It can be difficult to obtain these wireless modems and their parts.
Although we have purchased a large supply of these modems, they may become
obsolete before we are able to use them. We also depend on third parties to
deliver and support reliable products, enhance their current products, develop
new products on a timely and cost-effective basis and respond to emerging
industry standards and other technological changes. In addition, we rely on the
ability of our content providers -- Reuters, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.,
the Chicago Board of Trade, the Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. and the Options Price
Reporting Authority -- to continue to provide us with uninterrupted access to
the news and financial information we provide to our customers. The failure of
third parties to meet these criteria, or their refusal or failure to deliver the
information for whatever reason, could materially harm our business.
Our sales cycle is long, and our stock price could decline if sales are delayed
or cancelled.
Quarterly fluctuations in our operating performance are exacerbated by the
length of time between our first contact with a business customer and the first
revenue from sales of services to that customer or end users. Because our
services represent a significant investment for our business customers, we spend
a substantial amount of time educating them regarding the use and benefits of
our services and they, in turn, spend a substantial amount of time performing
internal reviews and obtaining capital expenditure approvals before purchasing
our services. As much as a year may elapse between the time we approach a
business customer and the time we begin to deliver services to a customer or end
user. Any delay in sales of our services could cause our quarterly operating
results to vary significantly from projected results, which could cause our
stock price to decline. In addition, we may spend a significant amount of time
and money on a potential customer that ultimately does not purchase our
services.
Our sales of financial data and trading services could go down if there is a
decline in securities trading.
In 1999, we earned 59.0% of our revenue from services that provide
financial information and wireless trading capability. If there is a prolonged
decline in the overall level of securities trading, or online trading in
particular, our operating results may decline. A decline in securities trading
may result from:
- loss of confidence in the reliability or security of online trading
systems;
- government regulation of the securities industry or online trading; or
- a downturn in the stock market.
Our software may contain defects or errors, and our sales could go down if this
injures our reputation or delays shipments of our software.
The AIM package of wireless messaging and software development tools we
develop, and the ScoutWare family of software products we acquired in our
acquisition of Riverbed, are complex and must meet the stringent technical
requirements of our customers. We must develop our services quickly to keep
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pace with the rapidly changing software and telecommunications markets. Software
as complex as ours is likely to contain undetected errors or defects, especially
when first introduced or when new versions are released. Our software may not be
free from errors or defects after delivery to customers have begun, which could
result in the rejection of our software or services, damage to our reputation,
lost revenue, diverted development resources and increased service and warranty
costs.
Undiscovered year 2000-related computer problems could disrupt our operations.
We believe that software that is incorporated in our products and services
is year 2000 compliant. When the century changed, we experienced no disruption
to our business operations and no product failures as a result of year 2000
compliance issues or otherwise. We may face claims, however, for undiscovered
year 2000 errors in our own products or for year 2000 issues arising from
third-party products that we integrate into our products and services or with
which our systems and products exchange data. If our suppliers, vendors or
distributors fail to timely and completely correct their own year 2000 software,
firmware and hardware problems, or if any of them convert to a system that is
incompatible with our systems, our ability to deliver our products and services
could be disrupted.
The stockholder agreement among our major stockholders has the effect of
allowing them to control eight of our twelve directors, which limits the ability
of other investors to influence control of Aether.
NexGen Technologies, L.L.C., Telcom-ATI Investors, L.L.C., Reuters
MarketClip Holdings Sarl, a subsidiary of Reuters Group PLC, and 3Com -- who
together will hold 49.6% of the shares of common stock outstanding at the
completion of our recent common stock offering -- entered into a stockholder
agreement that governs voting for our directors. The agreement provides that
each party will vote all of its shares for two directors nominated by NexGen,
two directors nominated by Telcom-ATI Investors, two directors nominated jointly
by NexGen and Telcom-ATI Investors and one director nominated by each of Reuters
and 3Com. As a result, eight directors of our board are effectively chosen by
these major stockholders. As we currently have authorized only 12 directors, the
voting rights of our stockholders other than these major stockholders
effectively apply to only four of our directors. In addition to its effect on
the voting rights of our new investors, the stockholder agreement could have the
effect of delaying or preventing a change in control.
We may need additional capital and we may not be able to obtain it, which could
prevent us from carrying out our business strategy.
We currently anticipate that our available cash resources combined with the
net proceeds from our pending offering of common stock and convertible notes
will be sufficient to fund our operating needs for at least the next 12 months,
including the expansion of our sales and marketing program and any acquisitions
we may pursue in the next 12 months. Thereafter, we expect to require additional
financing in an amount that we cannot determine at this time. We do not have any
bank credit facility or other working capital credit line under which we may
borrow funds for working capital or other general corporate purposes. If our
plans or assumptions change or are inaccurate, we may be required to seek
capital sooner than anticipated. We may need to raise funds through public or
private debt or equity financings.
If funds are raised through the issuance of equity securities, the
percentage ownership of our then-current stockholders may be reduced and the
holders of new equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges
senior to those of the holders of our common stock. If additional funds are
raised through a bank credit facility or the issuance of debt securities, the
holder of this indebtedness would have rights senior to the rights of the
holders of our common stock and the terms of this indebtedness could impose
restrictions on our operations. If we need to raise additional funds, we may not
be able to do so on terms favorable to us, or at all. If we cannot raise
adequate funds on acceptable terms, we may not be able to continue to fund our
operations.
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New laws and regulations that impact our industry could increase our costs or
reduce our opportunities to earn revenue.
We are not currently subject to direct regulation by the Federal
Communications Commission or any other governmental agency, other than
regulations applicable to businesses in general. However, in the future, we may
become subject to regulation by the FCC or another regulatory agency. In
addition, the wireless carriers who supply us airtime are subject to regulation
by the FCC and regulations that affect them could increase our costs or reduce
our ability to continue selling and supporting our services.
Debt service obligations may adversely affect our cash flow.
We conducted an offering of convertible subordinated notes in an aggregate
principal amount of $310,500,000. As a result, we have substantial amounts of
outstanding indebtedness, primarily consisting of the notes. As a result of this
indebtedness, we are obligated to make principal and interest payments. There is
the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay the
principal of, interest on and other amounts due in respect of our indebtedness
when due. We may also obtain additional long-term debt and working capital lines
of credit to meet future financing needs. There can be no assurance that
additional financing arrangements will be available on commercially reasonable
terms or at all.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have limited exposure to financial market risks, including changes in
interest rates. We manage our interest rate risk exposure by investing in debt
obligations with varying maturity dates. At December 31, 1999, we had short-term
investments of approximately $2.1 million. These short-term investments
consisted of highly liquid investments in debt obligations of the U.S.
Government and other highly-rated entities with maturities of up to 30 years.
These investments are classified as available-for-sale and are considered
short-term, because we expect to sell them within 12 months. These investments
are subject to interest rate risk and will fall in value if market interest
rates increase. At December 31, 1999, the value of our short-term investments
was approximately $70,069 less than our cost. If market interest rates continue
to rise, the value of our short-term investments will continue to decrease. We
expect to sell these investments prior to maturity, and therefore we may not
realize the full value of these investments. We currently hold no derivative
instruments and do not earn foreign-source income. We expect to invest only in
short-term, investment grade, interest-bearing instruments.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The financial statement and supplementary data of the Company required by
this item are filed as exhibits hereto, are listed under Item 14(a)(1) and (2),
and are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGE IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
38
<PAGE> 40
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by this Item will be included in the Company's
Proxy Statement for the 2000 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption
"Directors and Executive Officers" which will be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year
ended December 31, 1999, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item will be included in the Company's
Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption
"Executive Compensation" which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1999, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information required by this Item will be included in the Company's
Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption
"Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" which will be
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after
the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999, and is incorporated herein
by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this Item will be included in the Company's
Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption
"Certain Relationships and Related Transactions" which will be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the close of the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1999, and is incorporated herein by reference.
39
<PAGE> 41
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a)(1) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following financial statements required by this item are submitted in a
separate section beginning on page F-1 of this report.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Independent Auditors' Report................................ F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1998 and
1999...................................................... F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other
Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 1997,
1998 and 1999............................................. F-3
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the
years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999.............. F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999.......................... F-5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................. F-6
</TABLE>
(a)(2) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The following financial statements schedules required by this item are
submitted on page S-1 of this Report.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Independent Auditors' Report................................ S-1
Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Account............. S-2
</TABLE>
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the
required information is shown in the Financial Statements of the notes thereto.
(a)(3) EXHIBITS
The Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
There were no reports on Form 8-K filed by the Registrant during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999.
(c) EXHIBITS
The exhibits required by this Item are listed in the Index of Exhibits.
(d) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES
The financial statement schedules required by this Item are listed under
Item 14(a)(2).
40
<PAGE> 42
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report on Form 10-K to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March
22, 2000.
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
By: /s/ DAVID S. OROS
----------------------------------
David S. Oros
Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears
below under the heading "Signature" constitutes and appoints David S. Oros and
David C. Reymann as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact each acting
alone, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in
his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any or all
amendments to this Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits
thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and
Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact full power and
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary
to be done in and about the premises, as fully for all intents and purposes as
he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that
said attorneys-in-fact, or their substitutes, each acting alone, may lawfully do
or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ DAVID S. OROS Chairman, President and Chief March 22, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------- Executive Officer
David S. Oros
/s/ DAVID C. REYMANN Chief Financial Officer (Principal March 22, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------- Financial and Accounting Officer)
David C. Reymann
/s/ J. CARTER BEESE, JR. Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
J. Carter Beese, Jr.
/s/ FRANK A. BONSAL, JR. Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Frank A. Bonsal, Jr.
/s/ MARK D. EIN Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Mark D. Ein
/s/ E. WAYNE JACKSON III Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
E. Wayne Jackson III
/s/ RAHUL C. PRAKASH Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Rahul C. Prakash
/s/ JANICE M. ROBERTS Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Janice M. Roberts
</TABLE>
41
<PAGE> 43
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ DR. RAJENDRA SINGH Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Dr. Rajendra Singh
/s/ GEORGE P. STAMAS Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
George P. Stamas
/s/ ROBIN T. VASAN Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Robin T. Vasan
/s/ DEVIN N. WENIG Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Devin N. Wenig
/s/ THOMAS E. WHEELER Director March 22, 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------
Thomas E. Wheeler
</TABLE>
42
<PAGE> 44
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Aether Systems, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Aether
Systems, Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 1998 and 1999, and the related
consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive loss,
stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1999. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Aether
Systems, Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 1998 and 1999, and the results
of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1999, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
KPMG LLP
McLean, Virginia
February 9, 2000
F-1
<PAGE> 45
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1998 1999
---------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................. $1,755,350 $ 78,541,792
Short-term investments.................................... 6,191,287 2,091,962
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts of $157,061 and $56,371 at December 31, 1998
and 1999, respectively................................. 118,489 1,002,845
Inventory, net of allowance for obsolescence of $169,630
and $115,153 at December 31, 1998 and 1999,
respectively........................................... 143,617 688,494
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................. 45,646 4,994,965
---------- ------------
Total current assets.............................. 8,254,389 87,320,058
Property and equipment, net................................. 510,437 2,795,920
Intangible assets, net...................................... -- 12,209,442
Other assets................................................ -- 208,698
---------- ------------
$8,764,826 $102,534,118
========== ============
LIABILITIES, MEMBERS' CAPITAL AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable.......................................... $ 195,930 $ 1,425,435
Accrued expenses.......................................... 288,350 1,619,947
Accrued employee compensation and benefits................ 250,975 971,110
Deferred revenue.......................................... -- 175,193
---------- ------------
Total current liabilities......................... 735,255 4,191,685
Members' capital............................................ 8,029,571 --
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares
authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding at December
31, 1999,.............................................. -- --
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares
authorized; 27,154,398 issued and outstanding at
December 31, 1999...................................... -- 271,543
Additional paid-in-capital................................ -- 120,892,478
Accumulated deficit....................................... -- (22,613,640)
Notes receivable from stockholder......................... -- (137,879)
Unrealized loss on investments available for sale......... -- (70,069)
---------- ------------
Total stockholders' equity........................ -- 98,342,433
---------- ------------
Commitments and contingencies
$8,764,826 $102,534,118
========== ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-2
<PAGE> 46
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1997 1998 1999
----------- ----------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Subscriber revenue................................... $ 161,400 $ 549,057 $ 3,731,792
Engineering services revenue......................... 1,624,733 963,165 2,594,476
----------- ----------- ------------
Total revenue.............................. 1,786,133 1,512,222 6,326,268
Cost of subscriber revenue........................... 447,480 797,165 2,109,807
Cost of engineering services revenue................. 846,140 304,137 1,366,426
----------- ----------- ------------
Total cost of revenue...................... 1,293,620 1,101,302 3,476,233
----------- ----------- ------------
Gross profit............................... 492,513 410,920 2,850,035
----------- ----------- ------------
Operating expenses:
Research and development (exclusive of option and
warrant expense of $0, $0, and $150,288 for the
year ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999,
respectively)................................... 733,630 1,267,320 2,613,726
General and administrative (exclusive of option and
warrant expense of $40,277, $32,580, and
$18,004,623 for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1998, and 1999, respectively)............. 1,504,250 2,773,332 5,891,504
Selling and marketing (exclusive of option and
warrant expense of $0, $0 and $1,043,298 for the
years ended December 31, 1997, 1998, and 1999,
respectively)................................... 333,191 840,455 2,095,074
Depreciation and amortization...................... 189,160 264,685 1,089,013
Option and warrant expense......................... 40,277 32,580 19,198,209
----------- ----------- ------------
2,800,508 5,178,372 30,887,526
----------- ----------- ------------
Operating loss............................. (2,307,995) (4,767,452) (28,037,491)
Other income (expense):
Interest income.................................... 7,788 140,479 996,436
Interest expense................................... -- (70,171) (1,056,718)
Equity in losses of investments.................... (144,825) (2,425,000)
Realized gain (loss) on sale of short-term
investments..................................... -- 3,872 (168,721)
Realized loss on sale of investment................ (302,145) -- --
----------- ----------- ------------
Net loss................................... $(2,747,177) $(4,693,272) $(30,691,494)
Other comprehensive loss-unrealized holding gain
(loss) on investments available for sale........... -- (58,030) (12,039)
----------- ----------- ------------
Comprehensive loss................................... $(2,747,177) $(4,751,302) $(30,703,533)
=========== =========== ============
Pro forma statement of operations data (unaudited):
Loss before income taxes, as reported.............. $(2,747,177) $(4,693,272) $(30,691,494)
Pro forma income tax provision (benefit)........... -- -- --
----------- ----------- ------------
Pro forma net loss................................. $(2,747,177) $(4,693,272) $(30,691,494)
=========== =========== ============
Pro forma net loss per share-basic and diluted..... $ (0.22) $ (0.29) $ (1.45)
=========== =========== ============
Pro forma weighted average shares outstanding-basic
and diluted..................................... 12,655,901 15,916,383 21,207,225
=========== =========== ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
<PAGE> 47
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NOTES
ADDITIONAL RECEIVABLE UNREALIZED
PREFERRED COMMON PAID-IN ACCUMULATED FROM LOSS ON MEMBERS'
STOCK STOCK CAPITAL DEFICIT STOCKHOLDER INVESTMENTS CAPITAL
--------- -------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1997........ $-- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 1,100,866
Issuance of member units in
February 1997.................. -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,000,000
Issuance of member units in
December 1997.................. -- -- -- -- -- -- 690,369
Unit option and warrant
expense........................ -- -- -- -- -- -- 40,277
Note receivable from member...... -- -- -- -- -- -- (10,000)
Net loss......................... -- -- -- -- -- -- (2,747,177)
--- -------- ------------ ------------ --------- -------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1997...... -- -- -- -- -- -- 74,335
Issuance of member units in
January 1998................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,499,314
Issuance of warrants in
June 1998...................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 50,000
Exercise of warrants in August
1998........................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 56
Conversion of note payable and
issuance of member units in
August 1998.................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 252,467
Issuance of member units in
August 1998.................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 5,000,000
Issuance of member units in
October 1998................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 6,000,000
Unit option and warrant
expense........................ -- -- -- -- -- -- 32,580
Unrealized loss on investments
available for sale............. -- -- -- -- -- (58,030)
Note receivable from member...... -- -- -- -- -- -- (127,879)
Net loss......................... -- -- -- -- -- -- (4,693,272)
--- -------- ------------ ------------ --------- -------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1998...... -- -- -- -- -- 8,029,571
Issuance of replacement options
to Mobeo, Inc. employees....... -- -- -- -- -- -- 374,000
Exercise of unit options and
warrants....................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 70,000
Option and warrant expense....... -- -- -- -- -- -- 2,323,698
Net loss -- pre merger........... -- -- -- -- -- -- (8,077,854)
Merger of Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C. into
Aether Systems, Inc. in October
1999........................... -- 200,670 2,714,654 -- (137,879) (58,030) (2,719,415)
Net proceeds of initial public
offering....................... -- 69,000 101,044,831 -- -- --
Unrealized loss on investments
available for sale............. -- -- -- -- -- (12,039) --
Option and warrant expense....... -- -- 16,874,511 -- -- -- --
Exercise of stock options........ -- 1,873 258,482 -- -- -- --
Net loss -- post merger.......... -- -- -- (22,613,640) -- -- --
--- -------- ------------ ------------ --------- -------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1999...... $-- $271,543 $120,892,478 $(22,613,640) $(137,879) $(70,069) $ --
=== ======== ============ ============ ========= ======== ===========
<CAPTION>
TOTAL
------------
<S> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1997........ $ 1,100,866
Issuance of member units in
February 1997.................. 1,000,000
Issuance of member units in
December 1997.................. 690,369
Unit option and warrant
expense........................ 40,277
Note receivable from member...... (10,000)
Net loss......................... (2,747,177)
------------
Balance at December 31, 1997...... 74,335
Issuance of member units in
January 1998................... 1,499,314
Issuance of warrants in
June 1998...................... 50,000
Exercise of warrants in August
1998........................... 56
Conversion of note payable and
issuance of member units in
August 1998.................... 252,467
Issuance of member units in
August 1998.................... 5,000,000
Issuance of member units in
October 1998................... 6,000,000
Unit option and warrant
expense........................ 32,580
Unrealized loss on investments
available for sale............. (58,030)
Note receivable from member...... (127,879)
Net loss......................... (4,693,272)
------------
Balance at December 31, 1998...... 8,029,571
Issuance of replacement options
to Mobeo, Inc. employees....... 374,000
Exercise of unit options and
warrants....................... 70,000
Option and warrant expense....... 2,323,698
Net loss -- pre merger........... (8,077,854)
Merger of Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C. into
Aether Systems, Inc. in October
1999........................... --
Net proceeds of initial public
offering....................... 101,113,831
Unrealized loss on investments
available for sale............. (12,039)
Option and warrant expense....... 16,874,511
Exercise of stock options........ 260,355
Net loss -- post merger.......... (22,613,640)
------------
Balance at December 31, 1999...... $ 98,342,433
============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
<PAGE> 48
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1997 1998 1999
----------- ----------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss.................................................. $(2,747,177) $(4,693,272) $(30,691,494)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization........................... 189,160 264,685 1,089,013
Provision (recovery) for doubtful accounts.............. -- 157,061 (59,530)
Provision (recovery) for inventory obsolescence......... -- 169,630 (54,477)
Realized (gain) loss on sale of short-term
investments............................................ -- (3,872) 168,721
Equity in losses of investments......................... 144,825 -- 2,425,000
Realized loss on sale of investment..................... 302,145 -- --
Issuance of warrants.................................... -- 50,000 --
Option and warrant expense.............................. 40,277 32,580 19,198,209
Changes in assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in trade accounts receivable...... 74,812 (153,417) (1,730,942)
Increase in inventory................................. -- (313,247) (490,400)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other
current assets....................................... 3,828 (30,529) (3,785,442)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable............... 67,360 83,421 (376,810)
Increase in accrued expenses and employee compensation
and benefits......................................... 272,622 216,457 2,051,732
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue............... 162,500 (162,500) 175,193
----------- ----------- ------------
Net cash used by operating activities.............. (1,489,648) (4,383,003) (12,081,227)
----------- ----------- ------------
Cash flows (used) by investing activities:
Sales of short-term investments........................... 49,977 1,295,525 12,640,562
Purchases of short-term investments....................... -- (7,535,118) (8,721,997)
Acquisition of Mobeo, Inc., net of cash acquired.......... -- -- (11,547,976)
Purchases of property and equipment....................... (441,700) (228,274) (2,447,106)
Investment in OmniSky, Inc................................ -- -- (2,500,000)
Long-term investments..................................... (23,000) -- --
Proceeds from sale of investment in joint venture......... 205,000 -- --
----------- ----------- ------------
Net cash used in investing activities.............. (209,723) (6,467,867) (12,576,517)
----------- ----------- ------------
Cash flows provided by financing activities:
Issuance of member units.................................. 1,690,369 12,501,781 --
Proceeds from issuance of common stock.................... -- -- 101,113,831
Repayments from member.................................... (50,000) -- --
Proceeds from note payable................................ 150,000 500,000 --
Repayments on notes payable............................... -- (400,000) --
Proceeds from credit facility............................. -- -- 14,830,000
Repayments of credit facility............................. -- -- (14,830,000)
Issuance of notes receivable from member.................. (10,000) (127,879) --
Exercise of options and warrants.......................... -- 56 330,355
----------- ----------- ------------
Net cash provided by financing activities.......... 1,780,369 12,473,958 101,444,186
----------- ----------- ------------
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents.......... 80,998 1,623,088 76,786,442
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of period........... 51,264 132,262 1,755,350
----------- ----------- ------------
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of period................. $ 132,262 $ 1,755,350 $ 78,541,792
=========== =========== ============
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for interest.................... $ 3,894 $ 20,171 $ 1,026,643
=========== =========== ============
</TABLE>
- ---------------
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
In 1997, the Company made a $26,457 investment in Navox, Inc. by forgiving a
trade account receivable of an equal amount.
In 1998, a member converted a $250,000 promissory note payable into
membership units.
In 1998 and 1999, the Company incurred unrealized holding losses associated
with its investments available for sale totaling $58,030 and $12,039. These
amounts have been reported as reductions in members' capital and
stockholders' equity, respectively.
In September 1999, the Company issued 18,442 unit options (46,105 shares)
valued at $374,000 as part of the cost to acquire Mobeo, Inc. This amount
has been reported as an increase in members' capital.
In October 1999, approximately $1.1 million of trade receivables owed to the
Company by OmniSky, Inc. were settled against amounts due in connection
with the purchase of 20,000 modems from OmniSky, Inc.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
<PAGE> 49
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1) ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Aether Systems, Inc. and its subsidiary (the "Company") designs, develops,
sells and supports wireless data services and systems enabling people to use
handheld devices for mobile data communications and real-time transactions. The
Company operates in a highly competitive environment subject to rapid
technological change and emergence of new technology. Although management
believes its services are transferable to emerging technologies, rapid changes
in technology could have an adverse financial impact on the Company.
The Company expects to expand its operations through continued capital
investment in new systems and services and through strategic acquisitions. The
Company has a limited operating history and has incurred net losses since its
inception. The Company expects to continue to incur significant sales and
marketing, systems development and administrative expenses. The Company may
require additional capital in the future to meet its operating and capital
needs.
(2) MERGER AND INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
The Company is the successor to the business formerly conducted by Aether
Systems, L.L.C. ("Aether") (previously Aether Technologies International,
L.L.C.), which was formed in January, 1996. Effective October 26, 1999, in
connection with the Company's initial public offering of common stock, Aether
merged with and into Aether Systems, Inc. The Company is the surviving company
in the merger, and owns all of the assets and rights and is subject to all of
the obligations and liabilities of Aether. Immediately prior to the merger, each
member of the Company contributed its membership units in Aether Systems, L.L.C.
to Aether Systems, Inc., a newly formed Delaware corporation, in exchange for
two and one-half shares of common stock of Aether Systems, Inc. Effective with
the merger, the Company converted to a Subchapter C Corporation under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended.
On October 26, 1999, the Company completed its initial public offering,
which involved the sale of 6,900,000 shares of common stock at $16.00 per share,
including 900,000 shares from the exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment
option, at the initial public offering price less underwriting discounts and
offering expenses. Net proceeds to the Company after deducting underwriting
discounts, commissions and other expenses of the offering were approximately
$101.1 million.
(3) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a) Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aether
Systems, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Mobeo, Inc. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
(b) Revenue Recognition
The Company derives subscriber revenue from the provision of real-time
access to information from selected financial markets integrated into existing
wireless communication platforms. Subscriber revenue consists of monthly fixed
charges for usage and equipment and is recognized as the service is provided on
a monthly basis and a one time non-refundable activation fee which is recognized
upon service activation. Direct activation costs are expensed as incurred.
Certain of the Company's customers are billed in advance with revenue deferred
and recognized on a monthly basis over the term of the agreement. Also included
in subscriber revenue are market exchange fees for access to financial
information from the securities exchanges and markets, which are recognized as
the service is provided. Engineering services revenue is derived from the
provision of wireless integration consulting under time-and-materials and
fixed-fee contracts. Revenue on time-and-materials contracts is recognized as
services are performed. Revenue on fixed-fee contracts is recognized on the
percentage-of-completion method based on costs incurred in
F-6
<PAGE> 50
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
relation to total estimated costs. Anticipated contract losses are recognized as
soon as they become known and estimable.
(c) Cost of Revenues
Cost of subscriber revenue consists primarily of airtime costs, financial
data costs, wireless handheld device costs, and securities exchange and market
fees. Since the Company's service agreements are generally for a one-year period
and subject to cancellation, non-payment and non-return risk, the Company
expenses the cost of wireless handheld devices upon shipment to the customer.
Cost of engineering services revenue consists of cash compensation and related
costs for engineering personnel and materials.
(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments purchased with
original maturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents consist of
approximately $193,000 and $5,521,000 in overnight repurchase agreements,
$1,562,000 and $68,831,000 in money market accounts, and $0 and $3,979,000 in
commercial paper at December 31, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
(e) Short-term Investments
Short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments with original
maturities greater than three months and less than one year and those
longer-term investments that the Company expects to liquidate within twelve
months. The Company has classified its short-term investments as "available for
sale" and carries such investments at fair value. Unrealized gains (losses) are
excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of other
comprehensive income until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of
these investments are determined on a specific identification basis.
(f) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments, which include
cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses
approximate their fair values due to the relatively short duration of the
instruments.
(g) Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a
concentration of credit risk consist of accounts receivable. The Company extends
credit to its customers on an unsecured basis in the normal course of business.
(h) Inventory
Inventory, net of allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventory,
consists primarily of handheld and laptop computers, pagers, wireless modems,
and accessories and is stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined
using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The inventory of the Company is
subject to rapid technological changes which could have an adverse impact on its
realization in future periods. In addition, there are a limited number of
suppliers of the Company's inventory.
(i) Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using
the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which
range from three to seven years. The costs of leasehold improvements are
capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the
lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset.
F-7
<PAGE> 51
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(j) Investment in OmniSky, Inc.
The Company uses the equity method of accounting for advances to and
earnings and losses of its investment in OmniSky, Inc.
(k) Goodwill and Recovery of Long-Lived Assets
Cost in excess of the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible
net assets acquired is included in intangible assets and is amortized on a
straight-line basis over seven years.
The Company's policy is to review its long-lived assets for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
may not be recoverable. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum
of the expected future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount
of the asset. The measurement of the impairment losses to be recognized is based
upon the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the
assets.
(l) Stock Options and Warrants
The Company accounts for equity-based compensation arrangements in
accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principle Board ("APB") Opinion No.
25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and related interpretations, and
complies with the disclosure provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." Under APB
No. 25, compensation expense is based upon the difference, if any, on the date
of grant, between the fair value of the Company's stock and the exercise price.
All equity-based awards to non-employees are accounted for at their fair value
in accordance with SFAS No. 123.
(m) Pro Forma Income (Loss) Data (Unaudited)
The accompanying unaudited pro forma information has been prepared as if
the Company was treated as Subchapter C Corporation for Federal and state income
tax purposes from January 1, 1997. The Company has provided no income taxes on a
pro forma basis due to the losses incurred in all periods.
The Company computes net income (loss) per share in accordance with SFAS
No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 98 ("SAB
98"). Under the provisions of SFAS No. 128 and SAB 98, basic net income (loss)
per share is computed by the dividing the net income (loss) available to common
stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed
by dividing the net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number
of common and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the period.
Pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share has been calculated assuming that
the capital structure established at the date of the initial public offering was
in effect during the periods presented. As the Company had a net loss in each of
the periods presented, pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share are the
same.
(n) Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
(o) Advertising Expense
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was
approximately $248,000, $504,000, and $933,000 for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
(p) Income Taxes
The Company recognizes income taxes using the asset and liability method,
in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 109.
Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences
F-8
<PAGE> 52
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and
liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the
years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or
settled. The effect of a tax rate change on deferred tax assets and liabilities
is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Prior to October 26, 1999, Aether had elected limited liability status and,
as such, was not directly subject to Federal and state income taxes. Rather, the
members were responsible for income taxes on their proportionate share of
taxable income and entitled to their proportionate share of tax deductions and
tax credits.
(q) Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
(r) Other Comprehensive Loss
Effective January 1, 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 130, "Reporting
Comprehensive Income", which established standards for reporting and displaying
comprehensive income and its components in financial statements. Comprehensive
income, as defined, includes changes in equity of a business enterprise during a
period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner
sources. Other comprehensive income refers to revenue, expenses, gains and
losses that under generally accepted accounting principles are included in
comprehensive income, but excluded from net income.
For the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1999, other comprehensive income
(loss) consists of unrealized losses on investments available for sale.
(s) Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." The new standard establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative
instruments embedded in other contracts and for hedging activities. This
statement, as amended, is effective for all fiscal quarters beginning after June
15, 2000. The Company does not expect SFAS No. 133 to have a material affect on
its financial position or results of operations.
(4) ACQUISITION OF MOBEO, INC.
On August 19, 1999, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to
acquire all the outstanding common stock of Mobeo, Inc. ("Mobeo") for an
aggregate purchase price consisting of cash of approximately $11.5 million,
including acquisition costs of approximately $112,000, and 18,442 unit options
(46,105 shares) with an exercise price of $12.00 per unit ($4.80 per share)
valued at approximately $374,000. The acquisition was completed on September 28,
1999. Mobeo provides employees and customers at major banks and financial
institutions with continuous pricing information and news headlines for foreign
exchange, government securities, and commodity markets on wireless handheld
devices. Additionally, the Company entered into two-year advisory service
agreements with two former owners of Mobeo which provided for the grant of an
aggregate 125,000 unit options (312,500 shares) with an exercise price of $15.00
per unit ($6.00 per share). The Company also issued 22,000 options (55,000
shares) at an exercise price of $6.00 per unit ($2.40 per share) and 30,000
options (75,000 shares) at an exercise price of $12.00 per unit ($4.80 per
share) to employees of Mobeo. The Company has recorded option and warrant
expense of approximately $418,000 in 1999 associated with
F-9
<PAGE> 53
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
these options and expects to record an additional $2.9 million in option and
warrant expense over the remaining service and vesting periods.
The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method of
accounting and, accordingly, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed have
been recorded at their estimated fair value as of the acquisition date. The
allocation of the purchase price is summarized as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Current assets.............................................. $ 258,000
Property and equipment...................................... 372,000
Other assets................................................ 133,000
Current liabilities......................................... (1,606,000)
Goodwill and other intangibles.............................. 12,765,000
-----------
Total consideration paid.................................... $11,922,000
===========
</TABLE>
The following summary, prepared on a pro forma basis, presents the results
of operations (unaudited) of the Company as if the Mobeo acquisition had been
completed as of January 1, 1998:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(UNAUDITED)
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1999
----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Revenue.............................................. $10,093,008 $ 13,836,410
Net loss............................................. (6,842,574) (31,749,078)
Net loss per share -- basic and diluted.............. (.43) (1.50)
</TABLE>
The unaudited pro forma results of operations are not necessarily
indicative of what actually would have occurred if Mobeo had been owned for the
entire periods presented or a projection of the Company's results of operations
for any future period.
(5) INVESTMENT IN OMNISKY, INC.
On August 9, 1999, the Company entered into a new venture with 3Com
Corporation ("3Com"), forming a new Company called OpenSky, which was later
renamed OmniSky, Inc. ("OmniSky"). OmniSky was formed to develop wireless
Internet access, e-mail and electronic commerce services that address
opportunities in the emerging consumer and business mass markets. The Company
contributed a perpetual, non-exclusive, non-assignable, worldwide license to
certain proprietary software in exchange for a 26% equity interest in OmniSky in
the form of 7,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and an option to
purchase an additional 3,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for an
additional $2.5 million. Upon exercising the option, the Company would increase
its ownership in OmniSky to 33% on a fully diluted basis. On November 9, 1999,
the Company exercised its option to acquire these additional shares. The chief
executive officer of the Company serves as a member of OmniSky's board of
directors. The Company provides engineering services to OmniSky under an
agreement in the amount of $3.0 million through June 2000. As of December 31,
1999, the Company has recognized $2.2 million in engineering services revenue
under the OmniSky agreement. This amount represents 86% of engineering services
revenue and 35% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 1999. The
agreement also provides for OmniSky to pay $1.50 per month per subscriber for
the use of the Company's network operations center. The Company has the right to
offer OmniSky's services to its subscribers for a monthly fee of $3.00 per
subscriber. There has been no activity as of December 31, 1999 under these
provisions of the agreement.
The Company accounts for its investment in OmniSky under the equity method
of accounting. The Company recorded $2.4 million in expenses through December
31, 1999, to reflect its proportionate share of the losses in OmniSky based upon
unaudited financial information provided by OmniSky.
During 1999, OmniSky, Inc. reported a net loss of approximately $5.7
million (unaudited) and had net assets of $9.7 million (unaudited) as of
December 31, 1999.
F-10
<PAGE> 54
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
In October 1999, the Company agreed to purchase 25,000 Minstrel V modems
from OmniSky for $230 per modem. OmniSky has an exclusive buying arrangement
with Novatel for Minstrel V modems, which began in December 1999 and will run
through March of 2000. The Company purchased 20,000 of the 25,000 for cash of
$3.5 million and cancellation of $1.1 million of trade receivables owed to the
Company by Omnisky. An additional $1.2 million will be paid to OmniSky, Inc. for
the remaining 5,000 modems after the delivery of the initial 20,000 modems,
which began in November 1999 and will continue through April of 2000. As of
December 31, 1999, the Company has recorded prepaid expenses of approximately
$4.5 million associated with this agreement. The Company received approximately
$58,000 of modems during 1999.
On January 18, 2000, the Company entered into a Series B Preferred Stock
Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company purchased 1,439,809 shares of Series B
preferred stock of OmniSky for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $6.7
million, consisting of cash of approximately $6.1 million and the cancellation
of approximately $600,000 of indebtedness owed to the Company by OmniSky for
engineering services. The investment was made to maintain the Company's 33
percent ownership in OmniSky. The Company's per share purchase price was the
same as the other Series B Preferred Stock investors.
(6) SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
As of December 31, 1998, short-term available for sale investments consists
of:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GROSS GROSS
AMORTIZED UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR
COST HOLDING GAINS HOLDING LOSSES VALUE
---------- ------------- -------------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Treasury securities........... $1,929,810 $ -- $(21,677) $1,908,133
Corporate debt securities.......... 4,319,507 11,881 (48,234) 4,283,154
---------- ------- -------- ----------
$6,249,317 $11,881 $(69,911) $6,191,287
========== ======= ======== ==========
</TABLE>
Maturities of debt securities classified as available for sale were as
follows at December 31, 1998:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMORTIZED FAIR
COST VALUE
---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Due within one year......................................... $2,124,838 $2,129,084
Due after one year through five years....................... 1,184,890 1,157,964
Due after five years through ten years...................... 1,435,695 1,412,043
Due after ten years......................................... 1,503,894 1,492,196
---------- ----------
$6,249,317 $6,191,287
========== ==========
</TABLE>
As of December 31, 1999, short-term available for sale investments consists
of:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GROSS GROSS
AMORTIZED UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR
COST HOLDING GAINS HOLDING LOSSES VALUE
---------- ------------- -------------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Treasury securities........... $1,828,460 $95 $(45,895) $1,782,660
Corporate debt securities.......... 333,571 -- (24,269) 309,302
---------- --- -------- ----------
$2,162,031 $95 $(70,164) $2,091,962
========== === ======== ==========
</TABLE>
F-11
<PAGE> 55
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
Maturities of debt securities classified as available for sale were as
follows at December 31, 1999:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMORTIZED FAIR
COST VALUE
---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Due within one year......................................... $ 325,076 $ 326,177
Due after one year through five years....................... 855,751 834,434
Due after five years through ten years...................... 717,944 667,257
Due after ten years......................................... 263,260 264,094
---------- ----------
$2,162,031 $2,091,962
========== ==========
</TABLE>
(7) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
ESTIMATED ------------------------
USEFUL LIVES 1998 1999
------------ ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Furniture and fixtures.......................... 7 Years $ 102,345 $ 593,030
Computer and equipment.......................... 3 - 5 Years 684,328 2,113,229
Software........................................ 3 Years 175,000 175,000
Leasehold improvements.......................... 5 Years 47,854 946,927
----------- ---------- -----------
1,009,527 3,828,186
Less depreciation and amortization.............. (499,090) (1,032,266)
---------- -----------
$ 510,437 $ 2,795,920
========== ===========
</TABLE>
(8) INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ESTIMATED DECEMBER 31,
USEFUL LIVES 1999
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
Goodwill.................................................... 7 Years $ 6,165,279
Acquired subscribers........................................ 5 Years 6,400,000
Assembled workforce......................................... 3 Years 200,000
------------
12,765,279
Less accumulated amortization............................... (555,837)
------------
$ 12,209,442
============
</TABLE>
Goodwill represents the purchase price in excess of the fair value of the
tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired.
(9) NOTES PAYABLE TO MEMBERS
The Company had an unsecured note payable of $150,000 as of December 31,
1997 due to one of its members, Telcom Ventures LLC ("Telcom Ventures"). The
note carried interest at a rate of 7.5 percent per annum and all principal and
accrued interest was due in January 1999, or earlier upon the occurrence of
specified criteria. The note payable, plus accrued interest, was repaid in 1998.
In June 1998, the Company borrowed $250,000 from one of its members,
Pyramid Ventures, Inc. ("Pyramid") under a convertible promissory note. The note
was unsecured, bore interest at 8 percent per annum, and was convertible into
membership units at the option of the member. In August 1998, the
F-12
<PAGE> 56
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
member elected to convert the note and accrued interest of $2,467 into 57,180
membership units (142,950 shares) in accordance with its terms.
In June 1998, the Company borrowed $250,000 from another one of its
members, Telcom Ventures, under a similar convertible promissory note. All
principal and accrued interest was paid by the Company in August 1998.
In connection with the convertible promissory notes, the Company granted
warrants to purchase 5,656 member units (14,140 shares) at an exercise price of
$0.01 per unit to Pyramid and Telcom Ventures (note 13). The estimated value of
the warrants on the grant date of $50,000 was recognized in interest expense in
1998. Pyramid exercised its warrants to purchase 5,656 member units (14,140
shares) in August 1998. In August 1999, Telcom Ventures exercised its warrants
to purchase 5,656 member units (14,140 shares).
All outstanding membership units were subsequently exchanged for common
stock in connection with the Company's initial public offering, effective
October 26, 1999 (Note 2).
(10) INCOME TAXES
Effective October 26, 1999, in connection with the Company's initial public
offering of common stock, Aether merged with and into the Company and the merged
entity became a Subchapter C Corporation under the Internal Revenue Code of
1986. As a result, the Company recorded a deferred tax expense of approximately
$1.4 million, principally relating to intangible assets other than goodwill
acquired as part of the Mobeo acquisition prior to becoming a Subchapter C
Corporation, offset, in part, by deferred tax assets associated with option and
warrant expense. The Company recorded a deferred tax benefit of $1.4 million
related to losses generated subsequent to the change in tax status.
The Company has provided no income taxes on a pro forma basis due to the
losses incurred in all periods.
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant
portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 1999, are
presented below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1999
-----------------
<S> <C>
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards.......................... $ 2,274,000
Depreciation and amortization............................. 54,000
Option and warrant expense................................ 7,903,000
-----------
Gross deferred tax assets................................... $10,231,000
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets................. (7,692,000)
-----------
Net deferred tax assets..................................... 2,539,000
-----------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Allowance for doubtful accounts........................... 18,000
Intangibles............................................... 2,521,000
-----------
Net deferred tax liabilities................................ 2,539,000
-----------
Deferred income taxes, net.................................. $ --
-----------
</TABLE>
As of December 31, 1999, the Company had Federal and state net operating
loss carryforwards of approximately $5,400,000 which expire in 2019.
In addressing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management
considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the
deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred
tax assets is dependent on the generation of future taxable income during the
periods in which
F-13
<PAGE> 57
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the
scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income
and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
(11) LEASES
The Company is obligated under noncancelable operating leases for office
space, that expire at various dates through 2010. Future minimum lease payments
under noncancelable operating leases are approximately as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
<S> <C>
2000........................................................ $ 648,000
2001........................................................ 664,000
2002........................................................ 676,000
2003........................................................ 705,000
2004........................................................ 736,000
Thereafter.................................................. 3,866,000
----------
Total minimum lease payments................................ $7,295,000
==========
</TABLE>
Rent expense under operating leases was approximately $84,000, $91,000, and
$282,000 for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
(12) PENSION PLANS
The Company has two defined contribution plans under Section 401(k) of the
Internal Revenue Code that provide for voluntary employee contributions of 1 to
15 percent of compensation for substantially all employees. The Company
contributed $4,000 to one of the plans for the year ended December 31, 1999.
(13) STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
(a) Options
In 1996, the Company adopted a Unit Option Plan. In September 1999, the
Company adopted the 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") to replace the Unit
Option Plan. Under the 1999 Equity Incentive Plan, the Company has the ability
to grant options to acquire up to 5.4 million shares of common stock to its
employees, directors, and service providers. Options under the Plan generally
expire after ten years and normally vest over a period of up to three years.
Options are generally granted at an exercise price equal to the fair value on
the grant date.
In June 1999, the Company entered into an employment agreement with its
Chief Executive Officer ("Executive"). As part of this agreement, the Executive
was granted 350,000 unit options (875,000 shares) at an exercise price of $4.00
per unit ($1.60 per share) and the right to grant an additional 50,000 unit
options (125,000 shares) at an exercise price of $4.00 per unit ($1.60 per
share) to other key executives. These options expire in June 2009. In September
1999, the Company granted the Executive an additional 70,000 unit options
(175,000 shares) at an exercise price of $10.00 per unit ($4.00 per share).
These options expire in September 2009. Both grants of options became fully
vested in October 1999, as a result of the completion of the Company's initial
public offering. In October 1999, the Company recorded option and warrant
expense of $16.5 million, which is equal to the difference between the fair
value of the shares of Aether System Inc.'s common stock and the exercise price
measured at the date of the initial public offering, times the number of
options.
The Company recorded total option and warrant expense of $40,277, $32,580
and $19,198,209 in 1997, 1998, and 1999, respectively. The Company expects to
record an additional $5.9 million in option and warrant expense through June 30,
2002 for the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value of
the units or stock at the date of grant.
F-14
<PAGE> 58
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
The Company applies APB 25 and related interpretations in accounting for
its unit option plan. Had compensation cost been recognized consistent with SFAS
No. 123, the Company's net loss would have increased by $24,000, $41,000, and
$4,243,000 for 1997, 1998, and 1999, respectively.
The per share weighted-average value of options granted by the Company
during 1997, 1998, and 1999 was $0.16, $0.55, and $9.21, respectively, on the
date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. These amounts were
calculated using an expected option life of 3 years and volatility of zero for
options granted in 1997 and 1998. In 1999, an expected option life of four years
and volatility of 70 percent was used for option grants. In addition, the
calculations assumed a risk-free interest rate of 5.77 percent to 6.25 percent
in 1997, 4.55 percent to 5.51 percent in 1998, and 4.60 percent to 6.11 percent
in 1999.
A summary of the stock option and warrant activity, as adjusted for the
exchange of unit options and warrants for stock options, is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1998 1999
----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE EXERCISE EXERCISE
NUMBER PRICE NUMBER PRICE NUMBER PRICE
OF SHARES (PER SHARE) OF SHARES (PER SHARE) OF SHARES (PER SHARE)
--------- ----------- --------- ----------- --------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at beginning of
year......................... 693,438 $0.40 1,000,000 $0.40 1,545,000 $0.85
Options and warrants granted... 306,562 $0.40 604,688 $1.54 2,763,856 $6.19
Options exercised.............. -- -- -- -- (365,498) $0.54
Options canceled............... -- -- (59,688) $0.40 (10,000) $1.49
--------- ----- --------- ----- --------- -----
Outstanding at end of year..... 1,000,000 $0.40 1,545,000 $0.85 3,933,358 $4.48
========= ===== ========= ===== ========= =====
Options exercisable at
year-end..................... 596,720 $0.40 991,093 $0.50 2,450,657 $2.13
========= ===== ========= ===== ========= =====
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes information about stock options at December
31, 1999:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
REMAINING AVERAGE EXERCISE NUMBER AT AVERAGE EXERCISE
RANGE OF EXERCISE NUMBER AT CONTRACTUAL PRICE DECEMBER 31, PRICE
PRICES DECEMBER 31, 1999 LIFE (PER SHARE) 1999 (PER SHARE)
- ----------------- ----------------- ----------- ---------------- ------------ ----------------
(IN YEARS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 0.40 - $ 0.40 617,314 2.19 $ 0.40 591,219 $0.40
$ 1.49 - $ 8.00 3,085,044 8.36 $ 2.98 1,859,438 $2.68
$52.25 - $79.75 231,000 9.90 $35.34 -- --
---------- ----------
3,933,358 6.83 $ 4.48 2,450,657 $2.13
========== ==========
</TABLE>
(b) Warrants Issued to Members
The Company granted warrants to purchase an aggregate 11,312 member units
(28,280 shares) at an exercise price of $0.01 per unit to Telcom Ventures and
Pyramid, as consideration for obtaining short-term loans (note 9).
In connection with the sale of membership units to 3Com, the Company
granted a conditional warrant to 3Com to purchase 357,466 member units (893,665
shares) at an exercise price of $0.01 per unit. 3Com vested in 57,466 units
(143,665 shares) in June 1999 upon completion of a joint sales and marketing
plan. As a result, the Company recorded option and warrant expense of
approximately $862,000. 3Com vests in the remaining 300,000 warrants (750,000
shares) as follows: 150,000 warrants (375,000 shares) upon the occurrence of the
Company obtaining $6 million in engineering services
F-15
<PAGE> 59
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
revenue from opportunities introduced by 3Com and 150,000 warrants (375,000
shares) upon the Company obtaining 6,000 wireless service subscribers, all from
opportunities introduced by 3Com. If and when it becomes probable that 3Com will
attain the specified milestones necessary for the warrants to vest, the Company
will begin to record an expense reflecting the fair value of the warrants, which
will be determined in part based on the market price of the common stock. The
Company would begin to recognize this expense based on the probability that the
milestones would be achieved, continuing through the actual vesting date. The
Company would initially estimate the amount of the expense at the time of the
determination that achievement is probable, based in part on the market price of
the common stock at that time. At the time of the actual vesting, the fair value
of the warrant would be remeasured and, if different from the value used in
initially estimating the expense, the difference would be reflected as an
additional charge or credit at that time. As of December 31, 1999, the Company
believes that it is not yet probable that 3Com will attain the specified
milestones relating to the remaining warrants to purchase 750,000 shares and,
accordingly, no expense relating to these warrants has been recorded.
(c) Notes Payable
In September 1999, the Company entered into a $17,000,000 senior secured
credit facility with Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated. The credit facility was for a one-year term, with the possibility
of extension for an additional one-year term and accrued interest at a variable
rate. The credit facility was collateralized by substantially all of the assets
of the Company and contained certain financial covenants. In connection with the
credit facility, the Company granted warrants to Merrill Lynch Capital
Corporation to purchase up to 967,876 (2,419,690 shares) of the member units in
the Company which became exercisable for no consideration if the Company did not
repay the credit facility in a timely manner. On September 28, 1999, the Company
borrowed approximately $14,830,000 under the credit facility, primarily to pay
the purchase price of Mobeo. On October 26, 1999, the Company repaid the amount
outstanding under the credit facility and the warrants were canceled.
(14) OTHER RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
(a) Notes Receivable from Stockholder
As of December 31, 1998 and 1999, the Company has amounts due from a
stockholder under short-term promissory notes of $137,879. The Company has
classified the notes as a reduction of stockholders' equity in the accompanying
consolidated statements of stockholders' equity. The notes are callable by the
Company at any time and bear interest at a rate of 7.5 percent per annum. The
notes and accrued interest were repaid in February 2000.
(b) Consulting Agreements with Stockholders
The Company derived approximately 34 percent and 39 percent of its revenue
for 1997 and 1998, respectively, from consulting services arrangements with one
and two of its stockholders, respectively. The Company had trade no accounts
receivable due from these stockholders as of December 31, 1998 and 1999,
respectively.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had received advances of $162,500 from
two of its members under consulting arrangements. This amount was recorded as
deferred revenue in the accompanying 1997 balance sheet, and was subsequently
recognized as revenue in 1998, when the related consulting services were
performed.
(c) Purchases from Stockholder
In 1998, the Company purchased approximately $560,000 of equipment and
inventory from a stockholder.
F-16
<PAGE> 60
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(15) INVESTMENTS
In February 1996, the Company made an investment of $750,000 to acquire a
20 percent interest in Real World Solutions, Inc. (RWS), a California company,
which was in the business of developing wireless middleware. The Company
accounted for its investment in RWS under the equity method and recorded its
proportionate share of losses generated by RWS. In July 1997, the Company sold
its interest in RWS to Puma Technology, Inc. (Puma), a Delaware company for
$205,000. The Company's carrying value of the investment in RWS as of the date
of sale was approximately $507,000 resulting in a realized loss on the sale of
the investment of approximately $302,000.
Concurrently with the sale of the Company's investment in RWS to Puma, the
Company entered into an agreement with Puma for $175,000 to obtain perpetual
license rights for certain wireless middleware software. This amount was
capitalized and is being amortized over a three-year period.
In December 1996, the Company made an investment of $48,000 in Navox, Inc.,
(Navox) a privately-held Delaware company which provides wireless communication,
location and security system development services. In June 1997, the Company
made an additional investment of $26,457 in Navox. The Company's investment
represents an approximate 5.5 percent interest in Navox, and includes
representation on Navox's board of directors. The Company accounts for its
investment in Navox under the equity method of accounting and records its
proportionate share of losses generated by Navox. The Company derived
approximately 50 percent and 2 percent of its revenue for 1997 and 1998,
respectively, under consulting arrangements with Navox. The Company had no trade
accounts receivables due from Navox as of December 31, 1998 and 1999,
respectively. The Company does not anticipate significant revenue from Navox in
the future.
(16) RESERVED SHARE PROGRAM
Prior to October 20, 1999, the effectiveness of the Company's registration
statement for its initial public offering, the Company sent a letter to
approximately 90 employees, officers and directors of the Company whom it had
designated as potential offerees of up to 390,000 shares of common stock in a
directed share program in connection with its initial public offering. These
materials were not accompanied by a preliminary prospectus and may have
constituted a prospectus that does not meet the requirements of the Securities
Act of 1933. If the mailing of these original materials did constitute a
violation of the Securities Act of 1933, the recipients of the letter who
purchased common stock in the initial public offering could have the right, for
a period of one year from the date of their purchase of common stock, to obtain
recovery of the consideration paid in connection with their purchase of common
stock or, if they have already sold the stock, sue the Company for damages
resulting from their purchase of common stock. These refunds or damages could
total up to approximately $6.2 million, based on the initial public offering
price of $16.00 per share, in the event that investors suffer a total loss of
their investment during this period and seek refunds or damages.
(17) CONTINGENCY
The Company has received two claims that it has infringed patents developed
by other parties. Management believes that these claims are without merit and
intends to contest them vigorously. If the Company is unsuccessful in its
defense, it could be liable for damages or could be required to enter into
costly royalty arrangements.
(18) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
(a) Acquisition of LocusOne Communications, Inc.
On February 3, 2000, the Company acquired all the outstanding common stock
and preferred stock of LocusOne Communications, Inc. ("LocusOne") for a purchase
price of approximately $40 million. LocusOne is a developer of wireless
communications for the supply chain management industry. The
F-17
<PAGE> 61
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
acquisition will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting.
Approximately $19.0 million of the purchase price is payable in the form of
non-interest bearing notes payable due no later than December 31, 2000.
(b) Inciscent
On February 7, 2000 the Company agreed to form a new company with
Metrocall, Inc., PSINet, Inc. and Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst Incorporated to be
called Inciscent. Inciscent will offer technology services to small and
medium-sized businesses and home office customers. The Company agreed to acquire
a 27.5% interest in Inciscent for $10 million. The Company also agreed to
acquire a 9.9% interest in Metrocall for $17 million.
(c) Strategic Alliance with Reuters PLC
On February 8, 2000, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of
intent with Reuters PLC to establish a new company focused on financial markets
in Europe. The Company plans to acquire a 60% interest in this new company for
$100 million.
(d) Pending Acquisition of Riverbed Technologies, Inc.
On February 9, 2000, the Company entered into an definitive merger
agreement to acquire Riverbed Technologies, Inc. ("Riverbed") for approximately
4,537,000 shares of common stock, plus the issuance of options to acquire
approximately 862,000 additional shares of common stock for replacement of
existing options of Riverbed's employees. Riverbed develops products to extend
the accessibility of applications and information from corporate networks and
databases to handheld devices. The acquisition will be accounted for under the
purchase method of accounting and is subject to regulatory approval and
shareholder vote by Riverbed shareholders.
F-18
<PAGE> 62
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Board of Directors
Aether Systems, Inc.:
Under date of February 9, 2000, we reported on the consolidated balance
sheets of Aether Systems, Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 1998 and 1999,
and the related consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive
loss, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 1999, which are included in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned
consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated
financial statement schedule. This consolidated financial statement schedule is
the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on this consolidated financial statement schedule based on our
audits.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a
whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth
therein.
/s/ KPMG LLP
McLean, Virginia
February 9, 2000
S-1
<PAGE> 63
SCHEDULE II
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997, 1998 AND 1999
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO BALANCE AT
BEGINNING COSTS AND END
DESCRIPTION OF YEAR EXPENSES DEDUCTIONS OF YEAR
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997
Allowance for doubtful accounts.................. $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Allowance for inventory obsolescence............. -- -- -- --
1998
Allowance for doubtful accounts.................. -- 157,061 -- 157,061
Allowance for inventory obsolescence............. -- 169,630 -- 169,630
1999
Allowance for doubtful accounts.................. 157,061 (59,530) 41,160 56,371
Allowance for inventory obsolescence............. 169,630 (54,477) -- 115,153
</TABLE>
S-2
<PAGE> 64
EXHIBIT INDEX
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DOCUMENT AND DESCRIPTION
------- ------------------------
<C> <S>
*2.1 -- Agreement of Merger, dated as of October 18, 1999,
between Aether Systems LLC, and Aether Systems, Inc.
*2.2 -- Stock Purchase Agreement by and among Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C., Mobeo, Inc. and Peter Kibler,
Winston Barrett and Edward Spear dated as of August 19,
1999.
**2.3 -- Stock Purchase Agreement by and among Aether Systems,
Inc., LocusOne Communications, Inc. and the stockholders
named therein dated as of January 25, 2000
+2.4 -- Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of February 9, 2000
by and among Aether Systems, Inc., RT Acquisition, Inc.
and Riverbed Technologies, Inc.
*3.1 -- Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
Aether Systems, Inc.
*3.2 -- Bylaws of Aether Systems, Inc.
*4.1 -- Specimen Certificate for Aether Systems Common Stock
*10.1 -- Amended and Restated License, Marketing and Distribution
Agreement between Reuters America, Inc. and Aether
Technologies International, L.L.C. dated August 11, 1998.
*10.2 -- Contract Between Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Online
Direct, Inc. and Aether Technologies International,
L.L.C. dated August 5, 1999.
*10.3 -- Options Price Reporting Authority Vendor Agreement
between Aether Technologies and the American Stock
Exchange, Inc. dated June 3, 1997.
*10.4 -- Agreement between Aether Technologies International,
L.L.C. and New York Stock Exchange dated July 19, 1999.
*10.5 -- Vendor Agreement by and between Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C. and the Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc.
dated October 4, 1996.
*10.6 -- Dow Jones Indexes Enterprise Distribution Agreement dated
April 23, 1999.
*10.7 -- Employment Agreement between Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C. and David Oros dated July 7, 1999.
*10.8 -- Employment Agreement between Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C. and David Reymann dated May 18,
1999.
*10.9 -- Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of
August 9, 1999.
*10.10 -- Investors' Rights Agreement by and among AirWeb
Corporation and each of the holder of the Series A
Preferred Stock listed in Schedule A and Patrick McVeigh,
Barak Berkowitz, Michael Bolbec and Andrew Simms dated
August 9, 1999.
*10.11 -- Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement by and among
AirWeb Corporation, Inc., and those holders of the Common
Stock identified in Schedule A and B dated August 9,
1999.
*10.12 -- Voting Agreement by and among the holders of Common Stock
set forth in Schedule A and Purchase of the Series A
Preferred Stock dated August 9, 1999.
*10.13 -- Aether-OmniSky Side Letter regarding development and
resale services dated August 9, 1999.
*10.14 -- Software License Agreement by and between Aether
Technologies International, L.L.C. and AirWeb Corporation
dated August 9, 1999.
*10.15 -- AirWeb Corporation Warrant to Purchase 3,000,000 Shares
of Series A Preferred Stock dated August 9, 1999.
*10.16 -- Strategic License Agreement between Aether Technologies
International, L.L.C. and Riverbed Technologies, Inc.
dated as of June 15, 1999.
*10.17 -- Consulting Agreement between Aether Technologies, L.L.C.
and Orbcomm Global, L.P. dated as of October 26, 1998.
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 65
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DOCUMENT AND DESCRIPTION
------- ------------------------
<C> <S>
*10.18 -- Credit Agreement dated as of September 28, 1999 among
Merrill Lynch & Co. and the leaders named therein.
*10.19 -- Aether Systems, Inc. 1999 Equity Incentive Plan effective
as of October 1, 1999
*10.20 -- Aether Systems, Inc. Senior Bonus Plan effective as of
September 29, 1999
*10.21 -- Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement dated
as of February 2000
*10.22 -- Form of Subscription Agreement between Aether Systems,
Inc. and National Discount Brokers
+10.23 -- Series B Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of
January 18, 2000
+10.24 -- Master Agreement between Aether Systems, Inc. and Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc., dated as of December 23, 1999
+10.25 -- Inciscent, Inc. Series A Stock Purchase Agreement
+10.26 -- Agreement between National Discount Brokers Corporation
and Aether Systems, Inc., dated as of November 4, 1999
+10.27 -- Development Agreement between Response Services, LLC and
Aether Systems, Inc. dated as of January 12, 2000
11.1 -- Statement regarding computation of per share earnings.
+21.1 -- Subsidiaries of Aether Systems
23.1 -- Consent of KPMG LLP
27.1 -- Financial Data Schedule
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement as amended (File
No. 333-85697) on Form S-1 filed with the Commission on October 20, 1999.
** Incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed with the Commission on
February 15, 2000.
+ Incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement as amended (File
No. 333-30852) on Form S-1 filed with the Commission on March 17, 2000.
<PAGE> 1
AETHER SYSTEMS, INC.
COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
EXHIBIT 11.1
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Pro Forma Computation of Earnings
per Common Share
-------------------------------------
(in thousands, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31, 1997
-------------------------------------
Net Loss Shares Per Share
-------- ------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BASIC EPS
Pro forma net loss available to
common shareholders (2,747) 12,656 (0.22)
EFFECT OF DILUTIVE SHARES
Stock options - - -
------ ------ -----
DILUTIVE EPS (1)
Pro forma net loss available to
common shareholders (2,747) 12,656 (0.22)
------ ------ -----
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1998
-------------------------------------
Net Loss Shares Per Share
-------- ------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BASIC EPS
Pro forma net loss available to
common shareholders
(4,693) 15,916 (0.29)
EFFECT OF DILUTIVE SHARES
Stock options
- - -
------ ------ -----
DILUTIVE EPS (1)
Pro forma net loss available to
common shareholders
(4,693) 15,916 (0.29)
------ ------ -----
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1999
-------------------------------------
Net Loss Shares Per Share
-------- ------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BASIC EPS
Pro forma net loss available to
common shareholders
(30,691) 21,207 (1.45)
EFFECT OF DILUTIVE SHARES
Stock options
- - -
------ ------ -----
DILUTIVE EPS (1)
Pro forma net loss available to
common shareholders
(30,691) 21,207 (1.45)
------ ------ -----
</TABLE>
1. Options and warrants to purchase approximately 1.000 million, 1.559 million,
4.077 million shares of common stock were outstanding during 1997, 1998, and
1999 respectively and were not included in the computation of pro forma
diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been antidilutive.
<PAGE> 1
Exhibit 23.1
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT
The Board of Directors
Aether Systems, Inc.:
We consent to incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No.
333-91369) on Form S-8 of Aether Systems, Inc. of our reports dated February 9,
2000, relating to the consolidated balance sheets of Aether Systems, Inc. as of
December 31, 1998 and 1999, and the related consolidated statements of
operations and other comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity, and cash flows
for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1999, and the
related schedule, which reports appear in the December 31, 1999, annual report
on Form 10-K of Aether Systems, Inc.
/s/ KPMG LLP
McLean, Virginia
March 24, 2000
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1999
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1999
<CASH> 78,541,792
<SECURITIES> 2,091,962
<RECEIVABLES> 1,059,216
<ALLOWANCES> 56,371
<INVENTORY> 688,494
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 87,320,058
<PP&E> 3,828,186
<DEPRECIATION> 1,032,266
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 102,534,118
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 4,191,685
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 271,543
<OTHER-SE> 98,070,890
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 102,534,118
<SALES> 6,326,268
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 6,326,268
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 3,476,233
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 0
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 1,056,718
<INCOME-PRETAX> (30,691,494)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (30,691,494)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (30,691,494)
<EPS-BASIC> (1.45)
<EPS-DILUTED> (1.45)
</TABLE>
